4.  The applicant was born in 1960 and lived, prior to arrest and conviction, in Cheboksary. 5.  On 27 January 2004 the applicant was arrested. He remained in custody pending investigation and trial. 6.  On 7 October 2005 the Leninskiy District Court of Cheboksary convicted the applicant of fraud and sentenced him to six years and nine months’ imprisonment. 7.  On 13 December 2005 the Supreme Court of the Chuvash Republic upheld his conviction on appeal. The court reduced the applicant’s sentence to five years and ten months. 8.  On 22 June 2007 the Presidium of the Supreme Court of the Chuvash Republic quashed the judgments of 7 October and 13 December 2005 and remitted the case for a fresh examination. The applicant was remanded in custody. 9.  On 11 July 2007 the Leninskiy District Court ordered the applicant to stay in prison pending trial. 10.  On 22 November 2007 the Leninskiy District Court extended the applicant’s pre-trial detention, having noted that:
“... Taking into account the seriousness of the charges against [the applicant], his health condition, personal profile, a possibility that he might abscond, the court considers that the previous measure of restraint should remain unchanged ...” 11.  On 5 February 2008 the Supreme Court of the Chuvash Republic upheld this decision on appeal. 12.  By decision of 24 December 2007, as upheld on appeal, the Leninskiy District Court extended the applicant’s pre-trial detention for three months. Having heard the parties, the court ruled that:
“... As it can be seen from the case file, [the applicant] has been accused of a serious crime, which is punishable with an imprisonment exceeding two years. The grounds, which were used to put him in custody ..., have not ceased to apply. Being at large, [the applicant] may abscond and continue his criminal activity...” 13.  On 27 March 2008 the Leninskiy District Court convicted the applicant of fraud and sentenced him to five years and ten months’ imprisonment. 14.  On 1 July 2008 the Supreme Court of the Chuvash Republic upheld his conviction appeal.