Peter Walker, Baron Walker of Worcester

Peter Edward Walker, Baron Walker of Worcester, (25 March 1932 – 23 June 2010) was a British Conservative politician who served in Cabinet under Edward Heath and Margaret Thatcher. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Worcester from 1961 to 1992 and was made a life peer in 1992.
Walker became the youngest National Chairman of the Young Conservatives in 1958. He was a founder of the Tory Reform Group, and served as Chairman of the Carlton Club.
Education.
Walker was educated at Latymer Upper School in London. He did not go to college or university.
Parliamentary career.
Walker rose through the ranks of the Conservative Party's youth wing, the Young Conservatives. He was a branch chairman at the age of 14, and later National Chairman. He fought the Parliamentary seat of Dartford in the general elections of 1955 and 1959, being beaten each time by Labour's Sydney Irving.
Walker was appointed to the Order of the British Empire as a Member (MBE) in the 1960 Birthday Honours for political services. Within four years of his election to Parliament in a by-election in 1961, he had entered the Shadow Cabinet. He later served under Prime Minister Edward Heath as Minister of Housing and Local Government (1970), Secretary of State for the Environment (1970–72), the first person in the world to hold such a position, and Secretary of State for Trade and Industry (1972–74). From late 1974 to February 1975, Walker served as Shadow Defence Secretary. When Margaret Thatcher became the party leader, Walker did not serve in her Shadow Cabinet. But when the party came to power in 1979, he returned to the Cabinet as Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, in 1979. He later served as Secretary of State for Energy (1983–87). Whilst at the Department for Energy he played an important role in the Government's successful opposition to the 1984–85 miners' strike.
Walker then served as Secretary of State for Wales between 1987 and 1990. Although the role of Welsh Secretary was ostensibly one of the most junior jobs in the Cabinet, Walker claimed it gave him more influence as it gave access to key economic committees. He stood down from the Cabinet shortly before Thatcher herself was ousted in 1990. Though he had previously been a close ally of Heath's and was generally considered to be on the left of the party, he was nevertheless one of the longest-serving Cabinet members in Thatcher's government. In October 1985, however, he had hit out at Thatcher's reluctance to inject money into the economy in order to ease mass unemployment, speaking of his fears that she could lose the next general election if unemployment did not fall. However, the Tories were re-elected in 1987, by which time unemployment was falling.
As noted above, Walker's 1970 appointment as Secretary of State for the Environment was notable in that he became the world's first Environment Minister, and was thus a source of considerable interest at the 1972 Stockholm Conference. The creation of the Department of the Environment came in response to the growing environmental concerns of the 1960s (not least the Torrey Canyon oil spill of 1967), and one of Walker's immediate concerns was to clean up the nation's waterways. The measures put in place have had substantial results for river life. For instance, the Thames was declared biologically dead in 1957 but today many species of fish thrive in the river, including wild salmon and trout.
Walker was a determined supporter of the hospice movement, becoming a patron of St Richard's Hospice in Worcester when it was founded in 1984. He campaigned determinedly for greater NHS support for St Richard's and the wider hospice movement, which is staffed largely by dedicated volunteers. During a House of Lords debate in 2000, Lord Walker stated: "Anyone who visits hospices and meets the volunteers—the people running them and guiding them—will recognise their unique spiritual and compassionate contribution to the health service."
Upon his retirement from Parliament, on 8 July 1992, he was appointed a life peer as Baron Walker of Worcester, of Abbots Morton in the County of Hereford and Worcester.
Business career.
During the 1960s he was the junior partner in Slater Walker, an asset stripping vehicle used by Jim Slater to generate immense paper profits until 1973. An ill-timed attempt to take over Hill Samuel resulted in the loss of city confidence in Slater Walker and Jim Slater became for a time a "minus millionaire". Peter Walker's political career survived and after retirement from politics he returned to the City as Chairman of Kleinwort Benson.
Other business positions Walker held included: Chairman of Allianz Insurance plc, Vice Chairman of Dresdner Kleinwort and non-executive director of ITM Power plc.
Personal life.
Walker and his wife had five children. His son Robin Walker was elected MP for the Worcester constituency in the 2010 general election.
He died at St Richard's Hospice on 23 June 2010, after suffering from cancer.


Supplejack Downs

Supplejack Downs also known as Suplejack Downs is a pastoral lease operating as a cattle station in the Northern Territory.
The property is situated about south of Darwin and about south west of Lajamanu in the locality of Tanami in the central west of the Northern Territory. Supplejack shares a boundary with the Purtu Aboriginal Land Trust to the west and is otherwise surrounded by vacant crown land.
Suplejack occupies an area of along the margins of the Tanami Desert and is accessible by the Tanami Track. The country is composed of rolling hills, tablelands open plains and flood-out country. Herbage such as Mitchell grass, Flinders grass and Oat grass along with trees and shrubs including Suplejack, Mulga, Whitewood and Spinifex. The property supports a herd of approximately 8,000 cattle.
The property was established in 1961 by Bob and Lil Savage when they were granted a grazing licence for the area. Construction of a homestead commenced in 1965 as did fencing and the drilling of bores. By 1966 two bores had been sunk and of fencing had been erected. The Savages had previously worked on the nearby stations Hooker Creek and Yuendumu, before deciding on settling at Suplejack.
In 1976 the property occupied an area of and was subject to a claim of being a "traditional dreaming" area of four Aboriginal men, all members of the "Walbiri" tribe. Another family, the Cooks, were also living at Suplejack in 1976.
A pastoral lease was granted to the Savages by the government in 1978 which they still held in 2011.
Tragedy struck the Cook family during the cattle muster of 2008 when a helicopter crash left Rob Cook a quadriplegic as a result of spinal injuries he received in the crash. The pastoral community rallied around the Cook family and raised 75,000 to support them, while Rob received treatment in an Adelaide hospital. Rob later crossed the Tanami Desert in his modified four wheel drive wheelchair to raise money for his Nuffield scholarship, and was awarded a courage medal at the national Pride of Australia awards in 2011. He received a Nuffield Scholarship in 2011.


Montaluce

Montaluce Winery & Estates is a winery-based community in Dahlonega, Georgia, north of Atlanta. It was founded in 2007 by a partnership between Atlanta-based Beecham Builders, Greenway Development and Harrison Design Associates and features Tuscan-styled architecture. Montaluce's first grapes were crushed in the fall of 2008. Stefano Salvini of Campodelsole Winery in Bertinoro, Italy, is the winemaker. The facility is over on a total of with dedicated to the vineyard and produces Sangiovese, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, Pinot grigio, Chardonnay and Merlot.


Quinyambie

Quinyambie or Quinyambie Station is a pastoral lease currently operating as a cattle station.
Description.
It is located about north of Broken Hill and north east of Blinman in the state of South Australia. Once owned by Sidney Kidman, the property is the third largest station in South Australia. The unusual name is an aboriginal word for excreta.
History.
The station was established prior to 1886, and was owned in that year by Mr H. T. Whitty who was running sheep on the property, later moving 6,070 sheep from the property in 1887. A carpenter employed at Quinyambie committed suicide by hanging himself after only one week on the job in 1888.
The surrounding areas were denuded of feed following a rabbit plague in 1895, Quinyambie was spared as it was protected to the west by the border rabbit proof fence and to the north by of netting running at right angles to the border fence. The average rainfall on the leasehold for 1896 to 1899 was only per annum, prompting the Minister of lands to grant "very liberal concessions" to leaseholders in the area, particularly remission of rents.
Sidney Kidman acquired the property in 1916 when its size was estimated at . Although the 1916 season had been an excellent one, with tall grasses and full waterholes, the region suffered from drought for the next couple of years.
In 1923 over 4,500 head of cattle were purchased from Naryilco for the purpose of restocking Quinyambie, it was thought to be one of the biggest cattle deals of the time. By 1924 the area was being plagued by dingos, Quinyambie had been carrying flocks of up to 20,000 sheep but since the pest arrived numbers had dropped substantially.
A fire destroyed the homestead in 1945.
Following an outbreak of pleuro-pneumonia in the cattle at nearby Lake Frome Station, Quinyambie and other surrounding properties were placed under quarantine in 1950. It was estimated that 2,000 cattle were infected. Quinyambie and the surrounding district suffered from a prolonged four year drought from 1950 to 1954, which was broken by good falls late that year, with falling in one day.
Quinyambie was placed on the market in June 2010 when it was stocked with only 1,430 cattle. The maximum herd size is 11,000 head with an average of 9,000 head. The station was advertised as having over of outstanding feed cover. The property was sold July 2010 to the Mutooroo Pastoral Company, run by the Morgan and Wells families, who own the adjoining Mulyungarie Station and other property in the region. Mulyungarie was running between 3,000 and 4,000 head of cattle and shares a boundary fence with Quinyambie. It was believed that the sale price was between $8 million and $10 million.
The land occupying the extent of the Quinyambie pastoral lease was gazetted by the Government of South Australia as a locality in April 2013 under the name 'Quinyambie'.


Bernhard Tandberg

Bernhard Tandberg (14 December 1856 – 21 June 1913) was a Norwegian farmer and politician.
He was born at Rustad in Lier as a son of farmers Hans Andreas Tandberg and Olava M. Skaugstad. He took secondary education in Drammen from 1867 to 1872, and later settled in Nes, Buskerud. He took over some forest owned by his father in 1881, and the family farm in 1887. He was also a timber merchant from 1886 and local savings bank director from 1888. He became a member of Nes municipal council in 1885, and served as mayor from 1892 to 1898. He was elected to the Parliament of Norway in 1900, representing the constituency of Buskeruds Amt. He did not win re-election until 1909. The constituency was now called Hallingdal, a single-member constituency.


Neuzeller Kloster Brewery

The Neuzelle Cloister Brewery ("Neuzeller Klosterbräu") is located in Neuzelle, Germany, and is best known for its Neuzeller "Anti-Aging-Bier".
Helmut Fritsche purchased the Neuzeller brewery in 1992, which has been producing beer commercially for over 400 years, and is situated on the grounds of a 12th-century Catholic monastery, Neuzelle Abbey.
The "Anti-Aging-Bier", which, in addition to the four cardinal ingredients of beer, adds spirulina and flavonoids in order to, supposedly, increase health and longevity, was first marketed in February 2004, and claims to have double the anti-oxidant effect of other beers. However, the German Beer Brewers' Association is not entirely willing to label these drinks beers, as their contents differ from those original Reinheitsgebot ingredients.
In 2004, the brewery was ordered to cease production of their product "Schwarzer Abt" or face a $25,000 fine, because the drink contained added sugar syrup it was in conflict with the beer purity law. The brewery had been brewing the dark beer with sugar syrup in East Germany, which had been allowed under East Germany's permissive brewing laws. The brewery had not explicitly labelled it as beer, but as "A Specialty Made From Schwarzbier, With Invert Sugar Syrup Added Afterward." In 2003, the brewery changed the labelling to simply read "Schwarzbier." In 2005, a German court upheld the brewery's challenge to purity laws and allowed the brewery to add sugar syrup to "Schwarzer Abt" and label it as beer, ending the 10 year legal battle.
The brewery also produces a locally successful Schwarzbier, Pilsner, Bock, cherry beer, energy beer, a beer specifically developed for bathing, and a berry-flavored soda used in making a Potsdamer.


Vitacress

Vitacress Salads Ltd. is an agriculture company headquartered in St Mary Bourne, Andover, Hampshire, England. It is a fully owned subsidiary of Portugal-based company Grupo RAR. The company, which was founded in the 1950s by Malcolm Isaac, is Europe's largest provider of watercress, and also grows and packages washed rocket (arugula), spinach, and other baby salad greens. Beyond salad, the company also produces and distributes freshly harvested new potatoes. In addition to the UK, Vitacress has its own farms in Portugal and Spain. Vitacress supplies retailers and foodservice operators in several markets.
History.
The company, was founded in 1951 by Malcolm Isaac. In 1959, the watercress cultivation estate of Eliza James, known as 'the Watercress Queen of Covent Garden', was sold to Vitacress Salads Ltd.
In addition to the UK, Vitacress started operations in Portugal and Spain. Vitacress supplied retailers in the UK under their own brand (JSainsbury or Marks & Spencers). In Portugal and Spain, in order to diversify the risk and as a way to combat the slowing of the UK Washed & Ready To Eat salad market, Vitacress decided to launch its own brand (from Odemira, Portugal).
In 2007 Vitacress had a turnover of £81m and employed around 1,000 people. On July 1, 2008, Portuguese company RAR Group reportedly bought Vitacress for £52.5 Million.


World Ag Expo

World Ag Expo is the largest annual outdoor agricultural exposition with over 1,450 exhibitors and an attendance of more than 100,000 each year. It is held at the International Agri-Center in Tulare, California, in the United States, starting on the second Tuesday of February. It has officially been designated by the U.S. Department of Commerce as an affiliate of the Foreign Buyer Program, which encourages export of American made goods. Prior to its 2001 rename, the event was called the California Farm Equipment Show and International Exposition.
Milestones.
The show started in 1968 and was attended by 28,000 people. It outgrew its original home and moved to its current permanent location where it occupies 2.6 million square feet of exhibit space, the International Agri-Center, in 1982.
World Ag Expo celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2017.
The 2018 edition included a visit by US Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue, 1,480 exhibitors and 106,700 attendees from 49 states and 63 countries.
2021 will be held virtually.


Tersk Stud

The Tersk Stud was officially established on February 11, 1921, on the orders of Marshal Semyon Budyonny. The breeding farm was used to restore the Russian horse population, which suffered heavy losses during the 1917-1923 Revolution.
Early history.
In the 1880s, Count Sergei Aleksandrovich Stroganov and his brother-in-law Prince Aleksandr Grigorievich Shcherbatov found a spot at the foot of Mount Zmeika (“small snake” in Russian) in the Northern Caucasus they felt was ideal for establishing a horse breeding farm. The two traveled to the Middle East in 1889 and purchased several purebred Arabian horses for use in their new breeding program. Stroganov also purchased horses from Crabbet Arabian Stud in England, including the mares Makbula and Sobha, and the stallion Mesaoud, who came from Crabbet Stud by way of Kleniewski Stud in modern-day Poland.
Russian Revolution & Civil War.
Shcherbatov died in 1915. During the 1917 Russian Revolution, Stroganov fled to Paris where he remained with his family until he died in 1923. The Stroganov estate was seized by Russian revolutionaries and none of the Arabians of the Stroganov and Shcherbatov programs are known to have survived the Russian Revolution. In 1921 Marshal Semyon Budyonny, an accomplished horseman and cavalry officer, ordered two farms near Mineralnye Vody, the former Stroganov breeding farm and the nearby farm of White Army General Sultan Ghirey-Klych to be renamed and used for restoring the devastated Russian horse population. Today the stud is known as Tersky Horse-Breeding Farm No. 169.
There is no indication Stroganov and Shcherbatov or their breeding stock had any involvement in the founding of the Soviet-run Tersk Stud.
Soviet-era Arabian horse program.
Arabians were re-introduced to the new Tersk Stud in 1925 and the first French Arabian imports arrived in 1930. These included the stallion Kann and six mares, most notable of which was Carabine. Koheilan IV was imported from Hungary. The French horses had generally good conformation but were lacking Arabian type, so the stud’s managers searched for quality breeding stock with the characteristic Arabian refinement. In 1936, a shipment of 25 horses came from Crabbet Arabian Stud in England, some of which were descended from horses that had lived at the Stroganov and Shcherbatov stud and perished during the revolution. There were six stallions in the purchase, of which Naseem (a son of Skowronek and great-grandson of Mesaoud) was the most influential. Among the mares, Rissalma, Rixalina, and Star of the Hills left a significant impression on the breed. Tersk attempted to purchase Skowronek himself from Crabbet Stud, but he was not for sale.
World War II added significant bloodstock to Tersk, at the expense of Poland’s Arabian breeding program. In 1939 the Soviets removed many of the best Arabians bred at Janów Podlaski Stud in Poland and marched them over 1,000 miles back to Tersk Stud. Among the horses making the trek was Mammona, a bay suckling filly whose name meant “treasure” in Polish. Mammona’s sire, Ofir, was also in the group of horses moved to Tersk. He had already left his mark on the breed by siring the famous "three Ws" in Poland: Witraz (the sire of *Bask), *Witez II, and Wielki Szlem. Ofir did not sire the same caliber of horses at Tersk as he did in Poland.
In 1941, to evade the advancing German troops, the Tersk horses were evacuated to western Kazakhstan where they faced harsh weather and terrain. However, they returned to Tersk in 1943 with few losses.
The Ofir daughter, Mammona, had an extensive influence upon the Tersk breeding program. She produced the stallion Pomeranets, who influenced both the Arabian and Trakehner breeds; the mares Nomenklatura (dam of Nabeg), Monopolia (dam of Monogramma), Metropolia (dam of *Menes), Malpia (dam of *Muscat, 1980 U.S. & Canadian National Champion Stallion, and *Moment), and *Magnolia (dam of *Marsianin, 1981 U.S. National Champion Stallion).
Aside from Ofir, other notable stallions brought to Tersk from Poland included Piolun, the sire of Priboj (out of Rissalma, who had been purchased from Crabbet Arabian Stud); and Taki Pan, the sire of the mare Taktika, who produced the mare Ptashka and the stallions *Pietuszok and Topol (all by Priboj). Topol's son Naftalin sired very good racehorses, including Aspect, who won 28 of 39 races. *Pietuszok was exported to Poland in 1958, where he sired successful racehorses like Wosk, *Orzel, and Wilma (the dam of *Wiking, whose offspring have earned over $8 million in purses).
Another of the confiscated Polish mares, Taraszcza, was bred to the Crabbet-bred stallion Naseem at Tersk and foaled a grey colt named Negativ in 1945. Negativ sired 12 foal crops in Russia, but because they did not excel on the racetrack he was sold to Poland in 1962, renamed “Negatiw,” and sired better racehorses out of the Polish mares.
Negativ’s best-siring sons at Tersk were Suvenir and *Salon, the latter the sire of both the U.S. and Canadian National Champion Stallion *Muscat and Tersk head sire *Moment. Another Negativ son, Nabor (later renamed *Naborr when he was imported to the U.S.), sired just 9 registered foals at Tersk, apparently because his offspring were considered too delicate for the Tersk program, and was exported to Poland in 1955. The Poles sought a stallion of the Ibrahim sire line, and had hoped to purchase Negativ from Tersk but were unable at the time, but were satisfied to own his son Nabor instead. Nabor was exported to the U.S. in 1963, becoming the first Tersk-bred Arabian to go to the States. *Naborr was owned in the United States by Anne McCormack, and then upon her death was purchased at auction by Tom Chauncey and entertainer Wayne Newton.
None of Negativ’s Tersk-bred daughters had a significant influence on the Tersk program.
After World War II, Tersk imported a few stallions from Poland: Arax in 1958, Semen in 1962, and Elfur (a full brother to *El Paso) in 1972. Of these stallions, Arax had the greatest impact on Tersk’s program, siring the influential stallion Nabeg and a number of quality daughters.
Nabeg's most influential daughters include the U.S. National Top Ten Mare *Poznan, and Pesnianka, a dam of race and show champions in Europe.
Nabeg’s sons include the stallions *Menes, *Pesniar, and *Nariadni, all three imported to the U.S. Peleng, another son, was sold for $3.2 million but tested positive for piroplasmosis (Equine babesiosis) and was never permitted to enter the U.S. Nabeg can also be found in Trakehner pedigrees through some of his sons and daughters. Unfortunately Nabeg died young, having left only eight foal crops.
In 1958, the Sid Abouhom son Nil (named Azmy in Egypt) was a gift to the Soviet Union from Egypt in appreciation for the USSR’s assistance in funding the Aswan Dam. Nil sired only 16 foals before his untimely death in 1960, but still left a lasting impression on the Tersk program. His loss was unfortunate because, based on his structure and brief siring record, Nil could have been as significant to Tersk as his successor. In 1963, the Egyptian government gave another stallion to the Soviet Union, Raafat by Nazeer, who was renamed Aswan by the Soviets in honor of the dam project.

Aswan had a profound influence on the Tersk breeding program. As a whole, the broodmare band at Tersk had generally good structure but lacked some elements of Arabian type. Aswan introduced a more extreme dished head with large nostrils, large expressive eye, long level croup, and high tail carriage. He also had obvious faults, such as offset front knees, post-legged back legs, a long low back, a "wasp-waist," and a thick neck and throatlatch. But because Aswan’s faults were different than the Tersk mares’ faults, they often complemented each other well.
Aswan sired 299 offspring over 20 seasons at Tersk, more than any other stallion in the stud’s history. Some of Aswan’s best-known sons included Palas (out of a daughter of Nil, the first stallion given to the USSR by Egypt), who was exported to Poland and became a head sire at Janow Podlaski for many years; Kilimanjaro, a German National Reserve Champion who sired champions in North America and Europe; Patron, who sired the U.S. and Canadian National Champion Stallion *Padron before his untimely death; and Plakat, a European champion who sired many champions himself.
Aswan excelled at siring broodmares. Examples include Pesnia, the dam of *Pesniar, who was purchased for $1 million and imported to the U.S. in 1981; Molva, called Aswan’s most beautiful and best-producing daughter by former Tersk director Alexander Ponomarev and the dam of Wympel; and Karinka, a full sister to Kilimanjaro, an accomplished race mare and the dam of Russian Derby winner and European Champion Stallion Drug.
The *Menes son Balaton, out of the Aswan daughter Panagia, was foaled in 1982 at Tersk and was immediately identified as the stud’s next great hope. Balaton became one of the youngest stallions to become a head sire at Tersk at just three years of age, and Tersk Director Alexander Ponomarev called him "the horse of the century at Tersk" after his first foal crop arrived.
The Balaton son Kubinec, out of the *Muscat daughter Kosmetika, was foaled at Tersk in 1987. A chestnut with a wide blaze going all the way over his nose and lips, Kubinec’s white markings weren't considered acceptable in the Tersk breeding program. According to Dr. O.A. Balakshin of the All Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding, “Too many horses now have white markings on their head and legs. This is undesirable and should be eliminated by selection.”. Kubinec was sold in 1991 and began making his mark in European show rings. He was named German National, European, and World Champion Stallion as well as European Conference of Arab Horse Organizations (ECAHO) "Five Star Stallion" and his offspring are desirable around the world today.
In the mid-1980s, Tersk Stud introduced a few different outcross stallions, such as the Polish imports Gvizd ("Gwizd" in Poland) and Harfiaj ("Harfiarz" in Poland) and the English-bred pure Spanish Esplendor. Gvizd, Harfiaj, and Esplendor left Tersk but some of their descendants were used in the Tersk breeding program. Of the three outcross stallions, Gvizd had the greatest influence through a few of his daughters and his son, Negasimyi, who later became a sire of racehorses at Tersk in the mid-1990s. Gvizd's daughter Purga produced the stallion Padishah (by race winner Drug), who won several halter championships in Europe in the early 2000s. Gvizd also sired Pogojii, winner of four stakes races in Russia.
Post-1991 stud history.
The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 brought Tersk's future into question.
Influence of American buyers.
By the mid-1980s, Russian Arabians were viewed as an exotic and profitable business in the U.S. Notable examples include Pesniar, who was purchased from Tersk in 1981 for $1 million, and Peleng, who was purchased for well in excess of $3 million in 1985. Before American-purchased Tersk Arabians were eligible for registration in the U.S., Howard F. Kale traded two Standardbred stallions worth $1 million each to Tersk Stud for the stallion *Muscat.
Russian horses also retained their value within the U.S. A half-interest in the aged broodmare *Nariadnaia was sold at auction in the U.S. for $580,000 in 1983 and the stallion *Abdullahhh was sold for $3.2 million at a U.S. auction in 1984. The Soviets noticed the inflated prices that westerners were willing to pay for their horses and accordingly set high reserves on their auction lots.
Prices began to come down at the annual Tersk auction starting in 1985 and the values of all big-investment Arabian horses dropped dramatically after the U.S. tax laws were changed in 1986. After that point, breeding "straight Russian" Arabians, or horses that were descended only from Tersk-bred horses, was not as common in the U.S. Some American breeders increasingly crossed Russian-bred horses with other lines to produce more exotic type and movement, while Arabian sport horse breeders outcrossed to Russian lines for their athletic ability.
Acceptance by the American Arabian registry.
The Arabian Horse Registry of America (AHRA) did not approve the Russian Stud Book until 1978, meaning any Arabians imported to the U.S. directly from Tersk Stud were not permitted to be registered. The reason given by the Registry in a letter to Mr. Ed Tweed was “we mustn’t deal with the Russians” after Tweed attempted to register the Tersk-bred mares *Napaika and *Palmira and the stallion *Park in 1963. Tweed argued that the Tersk-bred *Naborr was registered by AHRA that same year with no problems, to which the registry replied that a Russian-bred horse may be registered by AHRA as long as the horse was owned in England or Poland for several years before its sale to the U.S. (*Naborr was sold by Tersk to Poland and used there for a number of years before he was imported to the U.S.) “We (Americans) are not as intimately acquainted with the Russians as the Poles and British, and we need not deal with them.”
AHRA eventually accepted and approved the registering of Arabians imported directly from the Soviet Union in 1978, and *Napaika and *Palmira were registered that same year.
Tersk environment.
Tersk Stud is located in the Caucasus Mountains in southern European Russia. The nearby town, Mineralnye Vody, means "mineral waters" and is renowned as a spa town. The weather is mild, ranging from 40 degrees Fahrenheit in the winter to nearly 80 degrees Fahrenheit in the summer.
While the weather is not harsh, the mares and foals at Tersk Stud live a rugged life outdoors most of the time. There are no fences around the stud, so mounted watchmen follow and monitor the herds night and day. The horses are brought into the barn twice each day to be fed and checked, but otherwise they are free to enjoy the open spaces.
Breeding operations.
Tersk is best known for its purebred Arabian horses, but it has also hosted breeding programs for Akhal-Tekes, Terskys, Kabardins, and Dons. All Terskys were transferred to nearby Stavropol Stud in 1945 to continue the development of the new breed.
From the beginning of its history, the stud has tested its horses on the racetrack. Tersk Arabians are sent to the Pyatigorsk racetrack at the age of two and may race one or two seasons. The best performers race on Sundays, with two-year-olds running 1,400 meters and older horses running 1,600 and 1,800 meters. The top individuals may be used for breeding at Tersk or return to the racetrack for another season. Many others will be sold at the age of three.
While race records are important to the Tersk breeding program, Dr. Balakshin stated “…good racing results are not the only criterion for selecting young stock for breeding purposes. Excellent runners which deviate from breed type may be used for limited breeding or else they are eliminated from selection.”
Any horse used for breeding at Tersk is required to be rated “Elite” or “Grade I” in the Russian Stud Book. Horses that receive lower grades are sent to other studs or sold.
The current stud director is Vladimir Tolmachyov.


Antoine Wintzer


James Trappe

James Martin Trappe (born 1931) is a mycologist and expert in the field of North American truffle species. He has authored or co-authored 450 scientific papers and written three books on the subject. MycoBank lists him as either author or co-author of 401 individual species, and over the course of his career he has helped guide research on mycorrhizal fungi, and reshaped truffle taxonomy: establishing a new order, two new families, and 40 individual genera.
Research.
Hypogeous Fungi or ‘Truffles’.
Trappe first encountered truffles in the wild in the late 1950s during his Ph.D. thesis research. Since then Trappe has become widely regarded as one of the foremost experts on truffles in the world. In his search for truffle specimens he has collected on "every continent except Africa and Antarctica".
Mycorrhizae.
Trappe has also been keenly interested in the role that mycorrhizal fungi (which many truffles are) in natural environments. As early as his undergraduate tenure he was doing work on the subject, and his PhD thesis was to monograph "Cenococcum graniforme", one of the most ubiquitous and promiscuous mycorrhizal symbiotes on the planet. However, more notable in his early career was his pioneering compilation of mycorrhizal fungi, which is “one of the most cited papers in mycorrhizal research”. In his postdoctoratal research he elucidated the mycorrhizal causes of poor colonization and growth by "Pseudotsuga menziesii" in soils without enough mycorrhizal symbiotes present in the area. To date he is one of the major voices in mycorrhizal research, particularly with respect to its application to forestry.
Life.
Childhood.
Trappe started studying nature very early on in his life. From as young as age five his family would head out into the woods for picnics with family friends that were foresters in the Spokane, WA area or as far abreast as the close reaches of Idaho. “[My dad’s friend] just made the whole forest come alive.” Trappe recounted in one interview.
College and Early Career.
Trappe attended the University of Washington, where he received his bachelor's degree in Forest Management. Later in his career he went on to get his Masters at the State University of New York in the same field before returning to the University in Washington to work on his PhD with Daniel Elliot Stuntz (a renowned expert on "Inocybe"), which he received in 1962. During his dissertation work Trappe started employment at the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station at La Grande, Oregon, where he worked for two years before transferring to the Portland station in 1958. Trappe’s thesis on "Cenococcum graniforme" was established along with his comprehensive compilation of ectomycorrhizal fungi (the first of its kind).
Trappe was appointed a project leader in forest mycology at the Corvallis station in 1965 and he stayed in that position until his 'retirement' in 1996. When he arrived at Corvallis, one of the most important collections of hypogeous fungi in North America was in care of the retiring Professor Helen Margaret Gilkey who bequeathed it to Trappe, a windfall which aided his future research immensely. During his tenure at Corvallis he participated in and eventually became a trustee of the North American Truffling Society which has worked to further collaboration among hobbyists and researchers on in the field of hypogeous fungi, travelled to Torino to study truffle specimens, hosted visiting scholars from over 20 countries and mentored many prominent mycologists in their own right.
Continuing Work.
Despite having retired, Trappe remained as a research professor with the Department of Forest Science at Corvallis for 10 years before technically retiring in 1996. he has remained active well after his second retirement. Since 1999 he has been sojourning to Australia for 4–5 months a year to work on truffle taxonomy with the Australian Government, resulting in many papers. In 2007 he published a book on North American truffle identification with his son and published a second volume on the ecological status of truffles with Chris Maser and Andrew W. Claridge in 2008.
Trappe has continued to publish, with papers published as recently as 2013 regarding his work on Australian truffle diversity.
Eponymous species.
Several taxa have been named in honor of Trappe:


Jumbuck

Jumbuck is an Australian term for a male sheep, and is featured in Banjo Paterson's poem "Waltzing Matilda".
Terminology.
The word may come from a Gamilaraay (Indigenous Australian) word, "dhimba", of unknown meaning.
A different etymology was offered by Edward Morris in 1898: "Jumbuck is aboriginal pidgin-English for sheep. Often used in the bush. The origin of this word was long unknown. It is thus explained by Mr. Meston, in the "Sydney Bulletin", April 18, 1896: The word "jumbuck" for sheep appears originally as "jimba, jombock, dombock", and "dumbog". In each case it meant the white mist preceding a shower, to which a flock of sheep bore a strong resemblance. It seemed the only thing the aboriginal mind could compare it to."
In an account of "The Murray Expedition", published in the "Southern Australian" on 6 July 1841, the following passage occurs:
"...we found that the whole of the sheep had long before been slaughtered, as we saw their carcases and bones thrown about in vast heaps in various places where the blacks had formed large encampments, and had folded the sheep; and though we saw and chased thirteen natives, (the only number seen on our side of the river, though numerous enough, on the other), they were ever too closer to the water's edge to admit of our securing them, for they took to the river when driven through the high reeds on its banks, and which rose above our heads when on horseback, and thus, from the want of boats, escaped us, though only a few yards distant. They might, all with certainty have been shot, but when they found we would not fire, the villains laughed at and mocked us, roaring out "plenty sheepy," "plenty jumbuck," (another name of theirs for sheep)..."


Page Springs Cellars

Page Springs Cellars & Vineyards is a family-owned Arizona winery and vineyard tucked into the volcanic landscape overlooking pristine Oak Creek Canyon, just 15 minutes south of Sedona in the Verde Valley. Page Springs Cellars produces Rhone style wines, working primarily with Syrah, Petite Sirah, Grenache and Mourvedre.
History.
Page Springs Cellars was founded in 2003 by Eric Glomski. Born in Illinois and raised in Boston, Glomski moved west to study ecology at Prescott College. Upon graduating from Prescott College, Glomski founded a River Restoration Company. It was here that he began his foray into the winemaking business after teaching himself to make wine from heirloom apples, pears, peaches and quince from abandoned homesteads that he came across during his field journeys. In the mid 90s, Eric continued his wine education by moving to California and working at David Bruce, rising from cellar worker to Co-Winemaker and Director of Production over a six-year span.
In 2003, he returned to Arizona and worked as a winemaker at Echo Canyon Vineyards & Winery before founding his own label, Page Springs Cellars, and later Arizona Stronghold Vineyards, with Maynard James Keenan in 2007.
 In a statement on the Page Springs Website, Glomski said:
Called a “pioneer” in the Verde Valley region and the “area’s best known vintner” by Wine Enthusiast, Glomski has been pivotal to the growth of the Verde Valley Wine Industry. According to Master Sommelier and certified wine educator, Laura Williamson, “the amount of energy he has spent eradicating doubts that Arizona could produce high-quality wines has been infinite.”
In 2006 when out-of-state distributors introduced a bill that would have prevented small Arizona wineries from selling their products directly to consumers and retailers, Glomski, along with Rod Keeling (Owner of Keeling Schaefer Vineyards) and Phoenix water law attorney Robert Lynch, spearheaded pro-winery legislation and personally lobbied state politicians. Glomski’s efforts benefited the Arizona wine industry as a whole and since this victory the number of federally bonded wineries in Arizona has more than tripled.
Arizona Wine Industry.
Although Spanish Missionaries begun producing wine in Arizona during the 16th century for use in Christian religious ceremonies, modern winemaking started in 1970’s in the Sonoita AVA. Today there are over 45 licensed and bonded wineries throughout Arizona.
Despite the prejudices and objections of many, Arizona is quickly becoming known as a serious wine destination. The state’s first viticulture program, started at Yavapai College in January 2011. Another catalyst in the Verde Valley area is the Verde Valley Wine Consortium, a nonprofit organization spearheading the advancement of tourism, economic development and education created by the local wine industry.
Blood Into Wine.
Eric Glomski, starred alongside Maynard James Keenan in the 2009 documentary, Blood into Wine showcasing their efforts of bringing credibility and notoriety to Arizona winemaking while battling wine industry prejudice and harsh desert conditions. The movie was released theatrically in March 2010 and on DVD and Blu-ray in September 2010. Blood Into Wine was awarded the Best Feature Documentary at the 2011 Trail Dance Film Festival in Oklahoma.


Vindeholme

Vindeholme is an early 20th-century mansion overlooking the Baltic Sea in the extreme south-western corner of Lolland, Denmark. It is now rented out as a venue for hunts, weddings and corporate events.
History.
Vindeholme was built by Count Ferdinand Reventlow, a Danish diplomat who sought a place to retire after a long career abroad, most recently as Danish Ambassador to Paris. He acquired the land from his brother, Count Ludvig Reventlow, who had acquired Rudbjerggaard manor in 1891. Set amid forests of small-leaved linden trees, the house was completed in 1911 to a design by architect H. C. Amberg, most known for his restoration work at Ribe Cathedral and St. Nicolas' Church in Copenhagen.
Vindeholme today.
The current owners of Rugbjerggaard restored the house in 2004 and it is now being rented out for smaller conferences, hunts, corporate events and private celebrations. The estate covers 298 hectares of land.


Dick de Zeeuw

Dick de Zeeuw (January 24, 1924, Tanjung Pura, Langkat, Langkat Regency – February 18, 2009, Bangkok) was a Dutch politician and agronomist.


Walter C. Gifford

Walter Cornell Gifford (May 8, 1829 – August 9, 1909) was an American farmer and politician from New York.
Life.
Gifford was born on May 8, 1829 in Busti, New York, the son of Gideon Gifford and Millicent Cornell. He was a descendant of Robert Cushman, who played a key role in securing the charter for the Plymouth Colony.
Gifford worked as a farmer in Jamestown. He was initially a member of the Whig Party, but became a Republican after the later party was organized. He was secretary of the Chautauqua Patrons' Relief Association, secretary of the Central New York Co-operative Fire Insurance Association, and president of the Farmer's Board of Trade. He was also heavily involved in the New York State Grange. He served as Secretary and Master of the Jamestown Grange, and Master and County Deputy of the Chautauqua County Grange. He served as Assistant Steward of the State Grange from 1880 to 1884, Overseer of the State Grange from 1884 to 1890, and Master of the State Grange from 1890 to 1894.
In 1890, Gifford was elected to the New York State Assembly as a Republican, representing the Chautauqua County 1st District. He served in the Assembly in 1891 and 1892. While in the Assembly, he introduced a bill that gave women the right to vote for school commissioner, and another that regulated the sale of cocaine.
In 1852, Gifford married Eliza C. Robertson. Their three surviving children were Clarence E., Millicent C., and Alice B. Eliza was a prominent member of the State Grange in her own right. She was heavily involved in the women's suffrage and temperance movement. When her husband was master of the State Grange, she introduced the first women's suffrage resolution in the National Grange. She wrote a memorial in favor of women's suffrage that was adopted by the State Grange and was submitted to the 1894 New York Constitutional Convention. She was also an active member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union.
Gifford died at home on August 9, 1909. He was buried in Lake View Cemetery in Jamestown.


Pemberton, Western Australia

Pemberton is a town in the South West region of Western Australia, named after original settler Pemberton Walcott.
History.
The region was originally occupied by the Bibbulmun people who knew the area as Wandergarup, which in their language meant ‘plenty of water’.
Following an expedition to the area in 1861 by Edward Reveley Brockman, his brother-in-law Gerald de Courcy Lefroy and his uncle Pemberton Walcott, in 1862 Brockman established Warren House homestead and station on the Warren River; Walcott, after whom the town would be named, established "Karri Dale" farm on the northern outskirts of the later townsite; and Lefroy established a farm and flour mill on Lefroy Brook (the current site of the 100 Year Forest). Walcott remained until at least 1867. By 1868 he was at Dwalganup Station near Boyup Brook, and in 1872 "Karri Dale" was for sale, marketed as a "four-roomed brick cottage, stockyards, cattle shed, good garden - stocked with fruit trees and permanent running water".
In 1913, the new government-owned State Saw Mills began construction of twin sawmills, No 2 and No 3, at the location then known as "Big Brook", to supply half a million railway sleepers for the Trans-Australian Railway. The mill site was in a valley to ensure the mills had a regular supply of water and because it was easier to roll logs down hill to the mills. Big Brook became a thriving private mill town, with a hall, store, staff accommodation, mill workers’ cottages, and single men’s huts, and two boarding houses. A more distinctive name was soon sought. The name Walcott was suggested but was rejected by the Post Office due to conflict with Port Walcott, also named after Walcott. William Locke Brockman, local farmer and son of early settler Edward Reveley Brockman, suggested Pemberton. The mill town was well established but by 1921 there was community agitation for a government townsite to be declared. Community pressure resulted in lots being surveyed in 1925 and the Pemberton townsite was gazetted in October 1925.
During the 1920s the area was a focus of the Group Settlement Scheme and following the Second World War the War Service Land Settlement Scheme, but with only moderate success.
Modern day.
During the 1980s, Pemberton began to grow as a tourist town and tourism, particularly domestic, continues to play a key role.
Log sawmilling was still the most active industry in 2005, occupying 12.8% of the workforce, despite the state government drastically reducing old growth logging in 2003. Rather than shut down, the mill switched to plantation Tasmanian blue gum and pine in addition to karri.
Viticulture is now widely established with many investment schemes buying up large areas of pastureland and converting to vineyards.
Tourism.
The nearby Gloucester National Park contains three climbable karri trees, each more than tall. The most famous is the Gloucester Tree, but there are also the Diamond Tree and the Dave Evans Bicentennial Tree, the tallest of the three at around 71 metres. The trees have metal rungs that allow visitors to climb them and reach the constructed lookout at the top.
Other tourist attractions include the Pemberton Tramway Company, Yeagarup Dunes and the Bibbulmun Track. Tours include river cruises, hiking, canoeing and four-wheel drive tours of the national parks.
The three-day Southern Forests Festival (formerly the Pemberton Autumn Festival/Marron & Wine Festival) is held in May. Pemberton is recognised as one of the premier cool-climate wine regions in Australia, and hosts many wineries in the region.
Pemberton is surrounded by karri forest with five national parks within 20 minutes' drive and has plenty of rivers, streams and dams for recreation. The Karri Forest Explorer Drive has been developed by the Department of Environment and Conservation and links the tourism attractions together along sealed and unsealed roads.
The beautiful forest attractions include Big Brook Dam in the Pemberton State Forest 6 km north on the Bibbulmun Track. Bird hides and jetties, BBQ facilities and sandy beach allow visitors to enjoy this main attraction. The 4 km sealed walk trail around the lake is the perfect venue to take in the tall Karri Forests in the surrounds.
Beedelup Falls in the Beedelup National Park are 30 km north along The Bibbulmun Track. Visitors can explore via a suspension bridge, walk trails and visitor information. The Falls are the break between the Darling Scarp and the Scott River Plain and the tourist drive is sealed with caravan parking.
The Yeagarup Dunes in the D'Entrecasteaux National Park are the largest land-locked inland dunes in the southern hemisphere. They are moving at four metres a year towards the Yeagarup Lake. Local tours are available to experience these remote locations only accessible only by 4WD.
Lake Jasper in the D’Entrecasteaux national park is the largest natural freshwater lake in Western Australia and covers an area of about 450 hectares. It is unique because it has no in or out tributaries and is 10 meters deep and accessible only by 4WD. A little further west is Black Point, in the far northwestern part of the D’Entrecasteaux National Park between Augusta and Windy Harbour. The black Basalt columns were formed about 135 million years ago. Local tours are available.
The Cascades are a series of low falls in the Lefroy brook. The road has been sealed and is accessible from the historic Tram, which departs from Pemberton twice daily.
Climate.
Pemberton has a Mediterranean climate, with warm, dry summers and cool, rainy winters.


Roger Williams Park Botanical Center

The Roger Williams Park Botanical Center is located in Roger Williams Park in Providence, Rhode Island. It opened in March 2007. It includes two connected greenhouses filled with plants, fountains, a fish pond and a small waterfall. It is the largest indoor garden open to the public in New England, encompassing approximately 12,000 square feet of indoor gardens.
The Botanical Center includes two greenhouses: The Conservatory and the Mediterranean Room. There are over 150 different species and cultivars of plants including 17 different types of palms. All the plants, with the exception of the large palm trees, were installed by park personnel. Many of the plants were saved from the old greenhouse displays and replanted, specifically most of the Cacti, Agave and Aloe.


Viorel Tilea

Viorel Virgil Tilea C.B.E. (6 April 1896 – 20 September 1972) was a Romanian diplomat, most noted for his ambassadorship in the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He died in London. During the Second World War, Tilea lived at Holton Place, Oxfordshire, where he became a key representative of Romania's monarchist regime in exile.
Early life.
He was born in Sibiu. He studied at the Hermannstädter Evangelisches Obergymnasium in Sibiu, before joining the University of Bratislava. However, in 1915, he was conscripted into the Austro-Hungarian Army. He completed his studies at the University of Vienna.
Personal life.
In 1921, he married Eugenia "Gene" Pop in Cluj. After a short stay in London in February 1922, the two returned to Cluj. Tilea published two works, entitled "Rolul diplomaţiei în politica de stat" ("The role of diplomacy in state policy") and "Acţiunea diplomatică a României" ("Romanian diplomatic action"), eventually translated into German, Hungarian, Croatian and Bulgarian.
He had three daughters, Ileana Troiano, Ioana Ellerington and Stanca Lipton and a son Scotus Tilea, from his first marriage and a son Ioni Tilea and daughter Anca Tilea from his second marriage to Manuela Monroe. He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (C.B.E.).
Career.
Early career.
In October 1918, he joined the Romanian National Council, and was soon sent to Geneva, to meet Mr Herron, an American writer, and friend of US President Woodrow Wilson. Between February and October 1919, he served as the private secretary of Iuliu Maniu, and from October to December 1919 the private secretary of Alexander Vaida, attending the Paris Peace Conference. It was in that year he became attached to the Romanian Legation in London.
He served as Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Envoy of Romania to London between 1938 and 1940. He was the first to work in 1 Belgrave Square, the current home of the Romanian Embassy in London.
Romanian war scare.
In mid-March 1939, Tilea falsely reported to the British government that his country was under the verge of an immediate German attack, which led to a U-turn on British policy of resisting commitments of Eastern Europe, as part of the government's European policy, which became known as the "Romanian war scare". In fact, there was no German attack planned on Romania in March 1939.
However, the Romanian government, faced with troops from Romania's archenemy, Hungary, concentrating on the border, and German efforts to secure control of Romania's oil industry, had concluded that there was a danger of a Hungarian-German invasion and had exaggerated the danger level to secure British support. Whether Tilea was deliberately exaggerating the German threat to Romania as a way of gaining British support against the German demands to surrender the control of their oil industry, as claimed by the British historian D.C. Watt, or if the Romanians genuinely believed that they were about to be invaded by Germany in March 1939, as claimed by the American historian Gerhard Weinberg, is still unclear.
Second World War.
In September 1940, a coalition of Horia Sima, leader of the Iron Guard, and General (later Marshal) Ion Antonescu had formed a National Legionary State in Romania, forcing King of Romania|King Carol II to abdicate in favour of his 19-year-old son Michael, who became a figurehead to the new fascist regime. During that period, Tilea was recalled from his post in the Romanian embassy in London, but he decided to stay in England, requesting political asylum. Resigning his post, he co-founded the Free Romanian Movement. In the meantime, Carol II fled to exile in Mexico, where he wrote to his distant cousin, George VI, hoping for British support for an overthrowing of the new government to return it to a monarchy. The British did not support that, however, and so Tilea would spend the war in planning the liberation of Romania by external means with the Allies. Tilea also played a role in assisting the efforts that the British government made to support monarchists in Romania.


Brahmadeya

Brahmadeya (Sanskrit for "given to Brahmana") was tax free land gift either in form of single plot or whole villages donated to Brahmanas in the early medieval India. It was initially practiced by the ruling dynasties and was soon followed up by the chiefs, merchants, feudatories, etc. Brahmadeya was devised by the Brahmanical texts as the surest mean to achieve merit and destroy sin.
Overview.
Brahmadeya represented the grant of land either in a single plot or whole villages donated to Brahmanas by making them land-owners or land-controllers. It was also given to more than one Brahmana ("ekabhoga"), to several Brahmana families ("ganabhogam") which is estimated to be from few to several hundreds or even more than thousands, particularly in the South India. The gift of land were mostly selected around the irrigation facilities such as tanks or lakes and were supposed to be operable to fulfill the needs of the donees. In the absence of facility, new means of irrigation system were created near the brahmadeyas. The Kings and feudatories were to lose their right over donated lands and could not take it back even in the absence of heir. In the absence of heir, brahamdeya was transferred to some other eligible person of the same caste. Though, mostly lands, other objects such as food, grains, paddy, gold, money, cow, oxen, ploughshare, etc. were also given away as a gift.
Brahmadeyas, however helped to bring virgin land under cultivation and to integrate the existing rural settlement into a new economic order, dominated by the Brahmanas proprietor. They were exempted from various land taxes and dues either entirely or partially such as in the initial states of settlement. The taxes from the donated villages were assigned to Brahmana donees. Brahamdeyas also helped the ruling families as they did gain the ideological support for their political power. It is said to be a chief characteristic of the Indian feudalism.
The donation of land sometimes represented more than just the transfer of land rights. At many instances, human resources such as peasants, artisans and others along with revenues and economic resources were also transferred to the donees. There are several inscriptional evidence of conflicts between peasants, Brahmanas, and doners arising out of alienation of rights. Among other conflicting issues, right over drawing water was the most sensitive issue. An inscription dated back to 1080 CE belonging to the "Hasan Taluk" mentions a water dispute between a Brahmana and a farmer's family. Another inscription from the same taluk of 1230 CE. evidences the death of two farmers over land right issue. Peasants were sometimes forced to agree conversion of their land into brahamdeya by denying water to them. In the brahmadeya villages, villagers were landless labours who were paid a portion of crop they helped to cultivate.
History.
In the Deccan region, specifically present-day Maharashtra, Buddhist establishments are known to have received land grants during Satavahana rule since as early as 1st century CE. The historical evidence of the practice of donating lands to Brahmanas in return of spiritual favour is traced back to 3rd-4th century CE in South India. The earliest royal land grant inscription that mentions the word "brahmadeya" is discovered from the 3rd century CE of the reign of Brihatphala yana King Jayavarman.
Brahmadeya soon developed into a systematic attempt to avail subsistence to Brahmanas and a common practice onward 4th century CE. The registration of donated land that included cultivable land, garden, residential plot were recommended by the Smrities and Puranas of the post-Gupta period and were recorded on the copper plates. The tradition of land grants through the history of practice took the shape of a legal form governed by the law book called, "Dharmaśāstra". The "Anushasana Parva", a part of the great epic Mahabharata has a complete chapter dedicated to "Bhumi-dana-prasamsa", commending the gifts of land.
The Vakataka rulers made several land grants to Brahmanas in present-day Maharashtra: in the 5th century, the Vakataka king Pravarasena II is known to have granted land to as many as 1,000 Brahmanas in a single district, using a single charter. The Vakataka rulers also made several land donations to Brahmanas in central and western Madhya Pradesh. Their contemporaries, including Gupta vassals, donated lands to the Brahmanas in north-eastern Madhya Pradesh during the 4th and the 5th centuries. The Chhattisgarh region was Brahmanized during the 6th and the 7th centuries under the ruler of the Nalas, the Sharabhapuriyas, and the Pandavas (of Mekala and Dakshina Kosala).
The eastern Andhra region was brahmanized in the 3rd and 4th centuries during the rule of the Ikshvakus (who also patronized the Buddhists), Shalankayanas, and Vishnukundinas; the western region was brahmanized later, in the 5th century. The southern part of Karnataka came under Brahamnical influence under the Kadamba rule during the 5th and the 6th centuries, but the large-scale Brahmana settlements came to be distributed in Karnataka during the Vatapi Chalukya rule in the 6th-8th centuries.
Epigraphic evidence suggests that the land grants to Brahmanas became frequent in northern Bengal and Assam in the 5th century; in the east Bengal in the 6th century; in Gujarat, Odisha, Himachal Pradesh (Kangra and Chamba), and Nepal in the 7th century.
Land grant inscriptions show that in present-day Tamil Nadu, the Chola rulers introduced Brahmana settlements during the 8th century, and such settlements increased considerably during 9th-10th centuries. In present-day Kerala, large-scale land grants to Brahmanas do not occur until the 10th-11th centuries.


List of Iberian donkey breeds

This is a list of the breeds of ass or donkey usually considered to originate in Spain and Portugal.


OAO Kondopoga

Joint Stock Company Kondopoga () is a Russian pulp and paper production company located in the Republic of Karelia. It is currently the largest in Russia and 7th biggest in Europe newsprint producer with an annual output of 710 tpy. Headquartered in the city of Kondopoga, the company has 7,657 employees. It has two wholly owned subsidiaries and five affiliated companies. The company's stock is traded at the Russian Trading System.
Kondopoga's main product is newsprint, which constitutes 94.8% of the company's overall production. The company exports its newsprint to publishing and printing houses, including many in foreign countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, Turkey, Sweden, Finland, India, Sri Lanka, Egypt and Latin America. Other products include paper for typewriters, ceramic brick, technical lignosulphonates, fodder yeast and others.
The company was founded in 1929. Every third Russian newspaper is printed on the paper made at "Kondopoga". According to Kommersant, OAO Kondopoga is one of the industry's most successful companies.
History.
The Mill's construction began in 1922 according to special resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of RSFSR. German-made "Fullner" PM 1 with 29,500 tpy newsprint capacity came on line 27 June 1929. Machine's initial speed was 175–200 m/min. The machine was supplied with stone groundwood produced on 3 grinders in groundwood room. Mill's start-up was supported by Kondopoga hydro power station and heat and power station. These stations were part of a paper mill and provided heat and electric power for the paper machine and three grinders. Two more paper machines, PM 3 and PM 2, had been made in Leningrad and commissioned by 1941. Total annual output amounted to 76,600 tons of paper.
1935 saw the commissioning of sulfite pulp mill consisting of 3 refractory-brick-lined 130 m3 digesters and pulp drying machine. 1940 the Pulp and Paper Mill turned into a fullcycle mill. 1941, when the Great Patriotic War broke out, most of the mill's equipment was evacuated to the east of the country. The town of Kondopoga and the mill's production buildings were destroyed during the war. Restoration of the Mill began 24 June 1944, immediately after liberation of Kondopoga. First post-war newsprint was produced on PM 1 in 1947. PM 2 was re-installed in 1948. Paper production restoration was completed after PM 3 had been recommissioned in 1950. The Mill fully restored its pre-war capacity in 1951. 1951 saw commissioning of the heat and power plant with 35 ATU steam boilers and two turbo generators with 7 MWT total capacity.
The most prominent development stage of Kondopoga Pulp & Paper Mill took place according to two CC CPSU and USSR Council of Ministers’ resolutions (1960 and 1976). Four paper machines with total capacity of 305,600 tpy of newsprint were commissioned 1960 through 1965 including: 1960 — PM 6 with 37,000 tpy of newsprint; 1961 — PM5 with 52,000 tpy of newsprint; 1963 — PM 4 with 108,000 tpy of newsprint. It became USSR's first wide high speed machine. PM 4 was equipped with the latest state-of-the-art machinery at that time. October 1965 — PM7 with 108.000 tpy came on stream. The machine had been the industry's leader in newsprint production for many years. A new groundwood mill was built in those years featuring 202B Europe grinders and related cleaner equipment. New acid, cleaner and wood preparation departments were built at the chemical pulp mill, the digester room was expanded by adding 3 bimetallic digesters, 160 m3 each.


Soprole

Soprole or Sociedad de Productores de Leche is a Chilean maker of dairy products. Under the Soprole brand, the company markets yogurt, milk, desserts, Jelly and butter. It is a subsidiary of Fonterra.
History.
Soprole was created in 1948, initially as a milk, cheese and butter producer. In the 1970s, it diversified its production into more value-added products like juices, pastries and yogurt. Juan Luis Undurraga Aninat, one of the founders, acquired the shares of other investors allowing him to control more than 40 percent of the company. In 1986, The New Zealand Dairy Board, now part of Fonterra, acquired more than 50 percent of Soprole's shares, giving it majority control. That same year, Juan Luis Undurraga Aninat transferred his shares of the company to create the Fundación Isabel Aninat. Under the control of the New Zealand Dairy Board, Soprole bought out some of its competitors like Lácteos Pirque in 1994 and Dos Álamos in 1997. Today, 76 percent of the Chilean dairy market is controlled by four companies: Nestlé, Soprole, Loncoleche and Colún.


Rayonier

Rayonier Inc, headquartered in Wildlight, Florida, is a timberland real estate investment trust ("REIT") with assets located in some of the most productive softwood timber growing regions in the United States and New Zealand. Its core business segments are timber and real estate.
As of December 31, 2020, the company owned or leased approximately 2.7 million acres of timberlands overall, located in the U.S. South (1.73 million acres) and U.S. Pacific Northwest (507,000 acres). The company also has a 77% ownership interest in Matariki Forestry Group, a joint venture, that owns or leases approximately 417,000 acres of timberlands in New Zealand.
History.
Rayonier was founded in 1926 as the Rainier Pulp and Paper Company in Shelton, Washington, with an office in San Francisco, California. Its name was inspired by Mount Rainier in Washington state. Its first mill opened the next year in Shelton Washington, on the Olympic Peninsula. The mill used "Tsuga heterophylla" (western hemlock) trees to create a premium bleached paper pulp.
In 1931, Rainier Pulp and Paper began working with the DuPont chemical company to produce hemlock pulp for the manufacture of rayon. Two additional pulp mills were constructed and began operation in the state of Washington at Hoquiam, Washington and Port Angeles, Washington.
Rainier Pulp and Paper changed its name to Rayonier, a portmanteau of the words "rayon" and "Rainier", in 1937, when it became a publicly traded company. The following year, the company acquired timber stands in the southeastern United States, and began construction of a Fernandina Beach, Florida, pulp mill, which began production in 1939.
In 1944, the company moved its offices to New York City. As World War II ended, Rayonier began making large land purchases in the Pacific Northwest. The Rayonier Foundation was created in 1952 to provide assistance to charitable, civic and education organizations in the communities where Rayonier did business.
Rayonier opened international sales offices in Europe and Asia during 1954. That same year, another pulp mill in the southeast was constructed at Jesup, Georgia. High demand prompted the facility to double its capacity by 1957.
ITT purchased the company in 1968 and the name changed to ITT Rayonier.
The Jesup mill grew larger in 1974, becoming the largest pulp mill on earth.
Company headquarters were moved again in 1978; this time to Stamford, Connecticut.
Diplomatic relations with China were restored in 1979. The following year, Rayonier received orders for pulp and logs. It took almost five years to receive permission to open an office in Beijing in 1985.
A log-trading office was opened in New Zealand during 1988. The New Zealand government sold Rayonier of timberland in 1992.
The company was spun off from ITT in 1994 with the company name reverting to Rayonier and shares again traded on the New York Stock Exchange.
Rayonier purchased of timberland in Florida, Georgia and Alabama in 1999, then relocated the corporate offices to Jacksonville, Florida, to be closer to company employees and properties.
Rayonier converted to a real estate investment trust (REIT) on January 1, 2004.
TerraPointe LLC was established in 2005 to manage properties with development potential.
The 2006 purchase of in six states brought the company's total of land owned, leased or managed to in the U.S. and New Zealand.
In March 2008, the company purchased for $215 million in southwest Washington state from Sierra Pacific
In March 2013, the company sold its wood products division, including its mills in Baxley, Swainsboro, and Eatonton, Georgia, to British Columbia-based International Forest Products (Interfor) for $80 million.
In April 2013, the company increased its shareholding in the joint venture "Matariki Forestry Group in New Zealand from 26% to 65% for $140 million.
In May 2014, Rayonier named David L. Nunes as post-separation president and CEO for Rayonier.
A class action against members of the former management team by certain shareholders was launched for the period from October 26, 2010, to November 7, 2014, claiming over-harvesting while communicating publicly harvesting below a sustainable rate.
On October 5, 2017, the court entered orders approving the settlement and a plan of distribution terminating these class actions.
In June 2014, Rayonier spun off its performance fibers business into an independent, publicly traded company, Rayonier Advanced Materials Inc. (NYSE: RYAM). Shareholders of Rayonier received one share of the new Rayonier Advanced Materials company for every three shares of Rayonier on June 27, 2014.
In August 2015, Rayonier announced its ownership in the New Zealand joint venture will increase from 65% to approximately 77%, as part of an anticipated recapitalization of the JV.
In May 2016, Rayonier announced upgrades to it Pacific Northwest timberland portfolio through the acquisition of 61,000 acres of timberlands in western Oregon for $263 million, and a disposition of 55,000 acres comprising predominantly pre-merchantable timber in Washington state for $130 million.
In August 2017, Rayonier consolidated its corporate headquarters, real estate, and forest resources offices into a newly constructed, state-of-the-art building in Wildlight, Florida.
In May 2020, Rayonier acquired "Pope Resources" in the Pacific Northwest.


William L. Sims II

William Lee Sims, II (October 17, 1896 April 29, 1977) was an American businessman, farmer, and philanthropist.
Early life and education.
William "Bill" Lee Sims, II was born on October 17, 1896 to Wythe Davis Sims and Addie Sousley Sims in Birmingham, Alabama. He attended Elyton School and Central High School in Birmingham. After his freshman year his parents sent him to East Aurora, New York to be part of the inaugural class at the Roycroft School of Life for Boys, founded by his father's friends Elbert Hubbard and Alice Moore Hubbard.
When Sims returned to Alabama in 1913 he worked for his father's advertising agency, but had little interest in the work. His father bought 80 acres of land for Bill to farm in Eden, Alabama. Bill named his farmland "The Garden of Eden". Sims attended Auburn University, then known as Alabama Polytechnic Institute, from 1916-1918. He was a member of the Wirt Literary Society and played varsity baseball and basketball. His education was cut short by World War I; he served in the U.S. Army and was stationed at Fort Gordon near Augusta, Georgia.
Career.
Sims began his career with Colgate-Palmolive Company in 1924, first as a salesman. He quickly rose through the ranks and in 1927 was sent to Milan, Italy to further establish the Italian branch of the company. in 1930 he became the Continental Sales and Advertising Manager for the European branch, headquartered in Paris. He spent ten years in Paris, before returning to New Jersey as the assistant to the Edward H, Little, Colgate-Palmolive President.
From 1943-44 Sims served as the head of Drugs and Chemical Unit at the Office of Price Administration in Washington, DC. He returned to Colgate-Palmolive as the Vice President of Foreign Operations in 1945. He later became the first President of Colgate-Palmolive International (1952) and was elected President of the Colgate-Palmolive Company in July 1955. He retired from the company in March 1957 after 33 years of service and moved to Orlando, Florida. Once in Florida he returned to his farming roots and established Sims Groves, Inc.
Sims served as a founding member and Secretary-Treasurer of the St. Augustine Historical Restoration and Preservation Commission from 1959-1969, appointed by Governor LeRoy Collins. He was also a member of the Executive Committee of the Auburn Alumni Association, a trustee of the Auburn University Foundation, a trustee for the Ringling School of Art, and served as the director of the Orlando Art Association (Loch Haven Art Center), the Loch Haven Park Board, and the Florida National Bank at Orlando.
Personal life.
Sims married Kathleen Wilkes in 1923; they had two children, Wythe Davis Sims, II, and Betty Kathleen Sims. He died in Orlando on April 29, 1977 at the age of 81.
Sims was a member of many avocational associations, including the University Club of Orlando, the American Club of London, the American Club of Paris, the Newcomen Society in North America, the Blue Lodge, the Shriners, the Scottish Rite (32nd degree), and the Academy of Political Science. He was an avid golfer and was a member of many golf clubs around the world.
Sims donated $27,000 to the St. Augustine Historical Restoration and Preservation Commission to reconstruct a colonial silversmith shop. Census records from 1780 showed that a silversmith named William Sims had worked in St. Augustine; this connection gave Sims interest in seeing it rebuilt. Today the Sims Silversmith Shop still stands, but operates as retail space.


Lisboa VR

Lisboa, until 2009 named Estremadura, is a Portuguese wine region covering the same areas as the Estremadura region, and taking its name from the country's capital. The region is classified as a "Vinho Regional" (VR), a designation similar to a French "vin de pays" region. While the Beiras and Alentejo VRs are largest geographically, the Lisboa region is Portugal's largest producer of wine by volume. The region stretches from Lisbon along the Atlantic coast to the Bairrada DOC.
In early 2009, the region was renamed from Estremadura to Lisboa to avoid confusion with the Spanish wine region Extremadura and to capitalize on the internationally well-known name of the country's capital.
Wine regions.
Within the Lisboa region there are 9 subregions at the DOC level.
Grapes.
The principle grapes of the Lisboa region includes Alfrocheiro Preto, Antão Vaz, Arinto, Baga, Bastardo, Borrado das Moscas, Cabernet Sauvignon, Camarate, Chardonnay, Sercial, Fernão Pires, Graciano, Jampal, Malvasia, Moreto, Periquita, Rabo de Ovelha, Ramisco, Tamarez, Tinta Amarela, Trincadeira das Pratas, Ugni blanc and Vital.


Eshbal

Eshbal (, lit. "Stachys") is a kibbutz in northern Israel, located in the Lower Galilee near Karmiel.
History.
Eshbal was founded in 1979 as a Nahal settlement. It was civilianised in January 1998 by a kvutza of 30 HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed youth group members. It falls under the jurisdiction of Misgav Regional Council. In it had a population of .
Since 1998, Eshbal has been home to the Galil Jewish–Arab School. The kibbutz offers a variety of educational programs including a live-in boarding school and a high school in Karmiel. Most of the boarding school children are from the Ethiopian immigrant community, which is plagued by social problems due to the difficult absorption process. The kibbutz also runs outreach programs in local Arab and Bedouin villages and organizes Jewish-Arab dialogue events.


Gundagai wine region

Gundagai is an Australian Geographical Indication for a wine region centred on the town of Gundagai in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is part of the Southern New South Wales zone. The region includes Tumut on the northwestern slopes of the Snowy Mountains, Cootamundra in its north and extends west to Junee and almost to Wagga Wagga. Junee is on the boundary to the Riverina wine region (which also includes Wagga Wagga). Gundagai is also bounded on the northeast by Hilltops, the east by Canberra District and the south by Tumbarumba.
The Gundagai region has a range of altitude, temperature and rainfall in the three key areas surrounding the towns of Tumut, Junee and Cootamundra. The altitude ranges from at Junee to at Cootamundra while growing season rainfall ranges from at Junee to at Tumut. Tumut is much cooler and the harvest is later than the rest of the region.


Ray Reynolds

George Raymond Reynolds (born 24 August 1936, Bundaberg, Queensland) is a former cricketer who played first-class cricket for Queensland from 1955 to 1964.
Life and career.
Ray Reynolds was educated at Brisbane Church of England Grammar School. Five feet six inches tall, he was a "patient batsman with good concentration ... a neat stroke-player with a sound defensive technique". He made his first-class debut for Queensland in the 1955-56 season, batting at number seven. Later in the season he was promoted to the opening position. He missed the first two matches in 1956-57, but returned to the side to open the batting and finished the season with 371 runs at an average of 53.00, including his first century, 110 not out against South Australia after Queensland had followed on.
He improved further in 1957-58, leading Queensland's batting with 698 runs at 63.45. His season included three centuries, with his highest score of 203 not out against South Australia, when he batted throughout an innings of 452 for 8 declared; but he also twice made a pair. His innings of 174 against New South Wales took 515 minutes. He made a stumping while substituting as wicket-keeper in the match against Western Australia in Brisbane.
He continued to perform reliably over the next three seasons, scoring 500 runs at 38.46 in 1958-59, 671 runs at 39.47 in 1959-60, and 549 runs at 36.60 in 1960-61, forming a solid opening partnership with Sam Trimble.
He played two seasons in the Central Lancashire League for Royton, scoring 848 runs at 40.38 in 1962, and 836 runs at 41.80 in 1963. Unusually for a league professional, he did not bowl.
He returned for one last season with Queensland in 1963-64, scoring more heavily than ever, with 815 runs at 58.21, four centuries, and an opening partnership of 256 with Trimble against South Australia.
He retired from the game, at the age of 27, to take up sugar cane farming near Bundaberg. He later served as a Queensland selector from 1979 to 1985.


George C. Bennett

George Cecil Westropp Bennett (1877 – 20 June 1963) was an Irish Catholic Cumann na nGaedheal and Fine Gael politician from 1927 to 1951. He was born in Ballymurphy, his father's estate in County Limerick in 1877. He was the second son of Captain Thomas Westropp Bennett, a British Army officer and a scion of an old Limerick family of Protestant Irish Gentry, a class known in history as Anglo-Irish. His forebears has been landowners in Co Limerick since the 1650s, active in local politics as Justices of the Peace and Freemen of Limerick. Two maternal ancestors, Lord Massy of Duntryleague and General Lord Clarina had sat in the Henry Grattan's Irish Parliament in the 1780s and 1790s both in the Irish House of Commons and Irish House of Lords. His elder brother Thomas Westropp Bennett had a very successful career as a Senator and Cathaoirleach of the Irish Free State Senate as well as serving in the Board of the Irish Agricultural Organisation Society (IAOS) for many years with Sir Horace Plunkett.
George C. Bennett spent several years farming in Canada before returning to Limerick. He became a Magistrate, County Councillor and Vice Chairman of the local Hospital Committee and was involved in many other charitable projects which brought him a considerable local following. A noted farmer, agricultural expert he was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Cumann na nGaedheal Teachta Dála (TD) at the June 1927 general election for the Limerick constituency. He later joined Fine Gael.
Throughout his time in the Dáil he was renowned as a strong defender of the Agricultural interest and was very popular with his constituents. After a redrawing of the boundaries of the Limerick constituency he was not re-elected in the 1948 general election but the Inter Party Government Taoiseach John A. Costello nominated him to the Seanad where he sat until 1951 in recognition of his service to Ireland. A noted agricultural and financial expert, he inherited an estate called Rathaney from his sister Jane Bennett and owing to his financial independence gave all of his parliamentary salary to funding his constituents. A noted member of Fine Gael, he died in June 1963 after a political lifetime spent in the service of the people of Limerick and the wider Irish State. He never married, though had a wide and catholic circle of friends throughout Ireland and the UK. He was rated as "an excellent shot" and was an enthusiastic huntsman and breeder of blood stock and pedigree dogs; the famous Milltown Irish Red Setters are a legacy of his.
His obituary in "The Irish Times" in 1963 said that he had been "a popular public representative". In an interview in 2008 Liam Cosgrave, the former Taoiseach of Ireland, who knew George Bennett well, said that "in 60 years he never heard a bad word said against Bennett who was held in universally high regard".


Canadian Federation of Agriculture

The Canadian Federation of Agriculture (CFA) is Canada's largest general farm organization, representing 200,000 farmers and farm families. The organization is headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, with the mandate to provide a unified industry voice at the national level. The CFA was formed in 1935, and continues today as a farmer-funded, national umbrella organization representing provincial general farm organizations and national commodity groups.
Activities.
To promote awareness of agricultural producer organizations, the CFA sponsors a "Food Freedom Day", the date when an average Canadian family has earned enough income to pay the grocery bill for the entire year. In 2008, the Ontario Federation of Agriculture calculated that it took 34 days (Feb. 3, 2008) for the average Ontario family to make enough to cover their food expenses for the year. The 2016 date for Food Freedom Day is February 8.
Elected Executives.
The current President of the Canadian Federation of Agriculture is Mary Robinson. Robinson had previously been the President of the PEI Federation of Agriculture. and, before that, the president of the Ontario Federation of Agriculture. The current First Vice President is Keith Currie of the Ontario Federation of Agriculture, and the Second Vice President is Chris van den Heuvel from the Nova Scotia Federation of Agriculture.
CFA Membership and Policy Development.
Being a federation of organizations, the deliberative body is composed of provincial farm organizations and commodity groups. Policy is generally developed in the form of grassroots resolutions, passed through member organizations and finally brought before the general assembly for a vote at the Annual General Meeting. Additional policy development decisions are deliberated by the 24 board members. Organizational decision-making is decided through a subset of the board of directors, called the National Council.
Members of the Canadian Federation of Agriculture currently include:
Provincial Farm Organizations:
Commodity Groups and Other Organizations:


Gunderup (manor house)

Gunderup is a manor house located in Køge Municipality, Denmark. It has been associated with Vallø since its establishment in 1592 and is today managed as a farm under Vallø stift.
History.
Gunderup was originally a village that belonged to Vallø in 1421. The Gunderup estate was established as a farm ("ladegård") under Vester Vallø by Mette Rosenkrantz in 1582. Vallø was from the mid-16th to the mid-17th century divided into a western and an eastern estate.
In 1610, Mette Rosenkrantz' son Oluf Steen Rosensparre gave Gunderup to his wife as a widow seat. She owned both Gunderup and Vester Vallø until her death in 1638. The estates were then taken over by Christen Skeel, who already owned Øster Vallø. Since then Gunderup has remained in the hands of the same owners as Vallø. Queen Sophie Magdalene founded Vallø stift in 1737.
Architecture.
The main building is from 1861. It is a white-rendered, single-storey building built in red brick and has a slate roof.
Today.
Gunderup is managed as a farm under Vallø stift.


Cornelius Kennedy

Cornelius Kennedy (died 4 April 1951) was an Irish politician. He was a Cumann na nGaedheal member of the Free State Seanad Éireann from 1925 to 1936. A grocer and vintner, he was elected at the 1925 Seanad election for 12 years, and served until the Free State Seanad was abolished in 1936. He was elected to the 2nd Seanad Éireann as a Fine Gael member in April 1938 by the Industrial and Commercial Panel. He was defeated at the Seanad election in August 1938.


Robert Backhouse

Robert Ormston Backhouse (10 March 1854 – 10 April 1940) was a British archer who competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. He and his wife, Sarah Dodgson were also known for producing new varieties of daffodils and lilies.
He was born in Darlington, County Durham and died in Sutton St. Nicholas, Herefordshire.
Backhouse entered the double York round event in 1908, taking 13th place with 516 points. He also shot a round in the manner of the Continental style event, but as a demonstration rather than in the actual competition. He scored 260 points, which would have given him a silver medal if his competition had been official. Backhouse received a Diploma of Merit for his effort in the Continental style.
Horticulture.
At their home, Sutton Court in Herefordshire, he and his wife, Sarah, continued the botanical interests of his grandfather, William Backhouse (1779–1844), and father, William Backhouse (1807–1869), and spent much time in cultivating daffodils and lilies. His brothers, Charles and Henry also raised daffodils as did his son William Ormston Backhouse (1885–1962). The popular daffodil variety, Mrs. R. O. Backhouse, the first daffodil with a pink cup and white perianth, was among the ones they developed and named for her by her husband after her death in 1921.


Shenyang Agricultural University

Shenyang Agricultural University () is a university in Shenyang, Liaoning, China under the provincial government.


Egerton Bagot Byrd Levett-Scrivener

Captain Egerton Bagot Byrd Levett-Scrivener (1857-1954) was a Royal Navy Flag Lieutenant and aide to Vice Admiral George Willes in the Far East. He was later promoted to Captain, and following his retirement became Bursar of Keble College, University of Oxford. Born Egerton Levett, he changed his name to Levett-Scrivener on an inheritance from his aunt of Scrivener family properties at Sibton Abbey, Suffolk, which he later managed. Levett was married to the daughter of English diplomat and ambassador Sir Harry Smith Parkes.
Egerton Levett was the son of Col. Richard Byrd Levett of Milford Hall, Staffordshire and his wife Elizabeth Mary (Mirehouse) Levett. Egerton Levett entered the service of the Royal Navy, where during a posting as aide to Admiral Willes in 1884, he met Mabel Desborough Parkes, the daughter of Ambassador Parkes, who was then serving as British ambassador to China and Korea. Levett and Miss Parkes were married in 1884, and in 1885 their son Evelyn Harry Byrd Levett was born, prompting Ambassador Parkes to write "one of his happiest letters... written in January 1885 to his daughter, Mrs. Levett, on the memorable occasion when he became a grandfather."
In 1889, Levett inherited the Sibton Abbey Estate with the Lord of the Manorship Sibton with the Members from his aunt. The property, which was the only Cistercian abbey in [[East Anglia]], had been in the Scrivener family since its purchase in the early seventeenth century by John Scrivener, son of an [[Ipswich]] barrister and bailiff grown rich in the wool trade. The Scrivener family later purchased from the [[Duke of Norfolk]] to add to their Suffolk holdings. After inheriting Sibton Abbey, Egerton Levett changed his name to Levett-Scrivener in accordance with his aunt's wishes.
[[File:Memorial to Egerton Bagot Byrd Levett Scrivener St Paul's Church Sibton Suffolk.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Memorial to Egerton Bagot Byrd Levett-Scrivener, St Peter's Church, [[Yoxford|Sibton, Suffolk]]]]
In 1890, six years after their marriage, Levett's wife Mabel was killed in a fall from her horse. A year later, in 1891, Levett married in [[Bristol]] his cousin Mary Millicent Mirehouse. (Levett's mother was a Mirehouse, and his brother Richard Byrd Levett ultimately also changed his name to Richard Walter Byrd Mirehouse on succeeding to Mirehouse family property at The Hall, [[Angle, Pembrokeshire]], where by-then Richard W.B. Mirehouse served as [[High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire]] as well as Lieutenant Colonel of [[North Staffordshire Regiment|4th Batt. North Staffs Regiment]].)
Levett-Scrivener became an avid agriculturalist and farmer on the Sibton Abbey estate. He improved the farmland, and studied the manorial records of the Sibton properties, which were still in family hands, and shared them with historians. Levett-Scrivener tracked the produce grown on the farms, the cost of labor and the rentals accruing to the Scrivener owners. He also opened the Abbey periodically to county historians and antiquarians so they could investigate the ruins of the once-wealthy abbey, which had fallen during the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]] to the [[Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk|Howard family]].
[[Royal Navy]] Captain Egerton Bagot Byrd Levett-Scrivener died in 1954. He was survived by one son from his first marriage and three daughters from his second marriage, Iris, Winnifred and Pamela.
The Levett-Scrivener family has longstanding ties to the [[Royal Navy]]. Egerton Levett-Scrivener's son Evelyn Harry Byrd, also joined the Royal Navy, where he rose to the rank of Commander and predeceased his father on 22 August 1950. He had two full siblings, Egerton Alaric Parkes Levett-Scrivener, named in part for his grandfather Parkes, and a sister Dorothy who died in infancy, and the three were baptized at the [[Berkswich]], [[Staffordshire]], church where their father Levett-Scrivener worshipped as a child.
[[File:Scrivener monument St Peter's Church Sibton Suffolk.jpg|thumb|210px|[[Funerary monument|Monument]] to John Scrivener of [[Sibton Abbey]], St Peter's Church, [[Sibton]], [[Norfolk]]]]
The Levett-Scriveners, and most of their Scrivener relatives, are buried at St. Peter's Church in Sibton, near [[Yoxford]], [[Suffolk]]. In 2005, the Levett-Scrivener family felt compelled to purchase the local village post office and shop facing closure in this quiet corner of rural England.
[[Royal Navy]] [[Captain]] Egerton Bagot Byrd Levett-Scrivener's great-great grandfather, John Freston Scrivener, was a cousin of Horatio Nelson, source The Nelsons of Burnham Thorpe by M. Eyre Matcham published by The Bodley Head, 1911. Amusingly amongst the ancestors of this generation of the levett-scrivener family is another Royal Navy stalwart, Admiral [[William Bligh]], captain of the ill-fated [[HMS Bounty]] during its mutiny.
Sources.
[[Category:1857 births]]
[[Category:1954 deaths]]
[[Category:Levett family|Egerton]]
[[Category:English farmers]]
[[Category:People from the Borough of Stafford]]
[[Category:People from Suffolk Coastal (district)]]
[[Category:Fellows of Keble College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Royal Navy officers]]


Vini Lunardelli

Vini Lunardelli (formally "Alessandro Lunardelli") is a winery in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, notorious for selling wine bottles featuring an image of Adolf Hitler and Nazi slogans.
History.
It was founded in Pasian di Prato in 1968 by Alessandro Lunardelli, who came from a Veneto family with wine industry traditions. Initially, the winery sold its wine in bulk, but has been selling its own bottlings since 1990. In 1987, Alessandro's son Andrea Lunardelli joined the company, and has been in charge of Vini Lunardelli's marketing, which has been successful but have sparked significant controversy.
Annual production is around 100,000 bottles, and include several different white and red varieties produced in different DOC areas within Friuli-Venezia Giulia.
Controversial labels.
In 1995 Vini Lunardelli started to sell bottles with pictures of historical personalities, including highly controversial persons, under the name "Historical line" ("Linea della storia"). Many of their labels seem to be taken from historical posters and sometimes include propaganda slogans. The around 60 different labels are not tied to specific wines, but can be bought on any of Vini Lunardelli's wine bottles. Separate collection of motifs of the "Historical line" include:
Especially the Hitler labels, and to some extent the Mussolini labels, have been the subject of outrage and accusations of spreading fascist propaganda, especially from Germany, where the use of such images and slogans is strictly regulated. However, the historical line seems also to have been a commercial success for Vini Lunardelli, which claims to sell around 50% of their production with labels from this line.
In September 2007, 20,000 of Vini Lunardelli's bottles bearing labels from "Der Führer" line were confiscated by the Italian police, but were returned in October 2007 after a court decision.


Leonidas L. Polk

Leonidas Lafayette Polk (April 24, 1837 – June 11, 1892), or L.L. Polk, was an American farmer, journalist and political figure. He was a leader of the Farmers' Alliance and helped found the Populist Party.
Biography.
He was born in Anson County, North Carolina. L.L. Polk fought in the American Civil War for the Confederate States of America, and was wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg.
Returning to North Carolina after the war, he founded the town of Polkton, incorporated in 1875, where he started a weekly newspaper called "The Ansonian". Through it he advocated for farmers and for the Grange movement. Polk, a distant relative of President James K. Polk, became active in state politics, serving in the North Carolina House of Representatives and as a delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1865–66. In 1877, he was appointed the first North Carolina Commissioner of Agriculture and served until 1880. An agricultural collection he established as Commissioner was the basis for what became the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences.
He returned to journalism by founding the "Progressive Farmer" in 1886 in Winston. The magazine is still published to this day. At first, the paper's primary aim was to teach new agricultural methods, but soon it also focused on politics.
Meanwhile, he was also active in the Baptist church, once serving as president of the Baptist State Convention of North Carolina. Polk was instrumental in establishing the North Carolina Agricultural and Mechanical College and Baptist Female University.
In the late 1880s, he rose to nationwide prominence through his leadership of the state and national Farmers' Alliance, which had begun in Texas. He became its national vice president in 1887 and its president in 1889. These words, spoken in 1887, were typical of Polk's rhetoric: "Our farmers buy everything to raise cotton, and raise cotton to buy everything, and, after going through this treadmill business for years, they lie down and die and leave their families penniless."
The Alliance's mixed record using traditional two-party politics paved the way for the Populist Party, or People's Party. Polk presided over the meeting in February 1892 that formally created the party. The Populists likely would have nominated Polk for president in 1892 (see 1892 U.S. presidential election), but he died unexpectedly from a hemorrhaging bladder in Washington, D.C. on June 11, 1892.
He was one of the first inductees into the North Carolina Agricultural Hall of Fame.
His home in Raleigh, NC is today owned by the state of North Carolina. It was moved on Nov. 12, 2000, to its new location on Blount Street in Raleigh. The Leonidas LaFayette Polk House Foundation plans to use part of the house for the Polk Museum. The rest will be used for state offices.
 The Leonidas L. Polk House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.
Polk Hall at North Carolina State University was named in his honor.


Char Kukri-Mukri Wildlife Sanctuary

Char Kukri-Mukri Wildlife Sanctuary () is a wildlife sanctuary in southern Charfession Upazila of Bangladesh, located on the island Kukri Mukri in the Bay of Bengal in the south of the country. The area of the sanctuary is , and is elongated in shape. It is 130 km from the Bharisal town in the gangetic delta on the mouth of Meghana river. It is also called Charfesson wildlife sanctuary. Most part of the sanctuary is submerged twice in a day due to high tide and is covered with dense mangrove vegetation. The soil type is clay.
Climate.
The rainfall is very high during the monsoon season, the recorded rainfall is round the year. The climate is hot and humid round the year. The sanctuary is dissected by 6 small "Khals" or creeks.
History.
According to the local people the human habitation started on the island around 1930 during the British Raj. The Bhola cyclone which hit the Bangladesh in 1970 had swept the entire human population on the island. After the cyclone, in the year 1973/1974 people again migrated to the island and started fishing and cultivation. Bangladesh forest department started afforestation of many mangrove species on the island.
Management.
The park is managed by 1 Range officer and 1 forest beat guard. It is administered by the Coastal Forest Division at Bhola. It was declared as wildlife sanctuary on 19-12-1981 under the Bangladesh wildlife (Preservation) Amendment Act of 1947. No forestry activities is carried out in the mangrove forest except conservation activities.
Flora and fauna.
The sanctuary has an esturine ecosystem; the sanctuary is covered with mangrove forest on the major part with intermittent open mudflats.
Flora.
277 species of plants belonging to 76 families were identified from the sanctuary and on the island. These species include 91 tree species, 33 shrub species, 118 herbs and 35 climbers. The Mangrove species like ("Sonneratia apetala"),Baine ("Avicennia officinalis"), Geoa ("Excoecaria agallocha"), ("Acanthus ilicifolius"),Khalisha ("Ageiceras maius") and "Typha angustifolia" are common.
Fauna.
Common mammals include Fishing cat ("Felis viverrina") and Oriental small-clawed otter ("Aonyx cinerea"). Water fowl species of Bitterns, Herons, Egrets, kingfishers are very common. Eight species of Herons breed in the sanctuary. The Grey Pelican or Spot-billed pelican which is included in the Near threatened species list of IUCN Red data Book is also found in this sanctuary. All three species of Monitor lizard namely ("Varanus salvator"), Bengal monitor ("Varanus bengalensis") and Yellow monitor ("Varanus flavescens") are also found in the sanctuary.
Threats.
The threats are encroachment for cultivation land and excessive fishing by the local people and invasion of the exotic foreign plant species.