David Bradley (engineer)

David J. Bradley (born 4 January 1949) is one of the twelve engineers who worked on the original IBM PC, developing the computer's ROM BIOS code. Bradley is credited for implementing the "Control-Alt-Delete" (Ctrl-Alt-Del) key combination that was used to reboot the computer. Bradley joined IBM in 1975 after earning his doctorate in electrical engineering from Purdue University with a dissertation on computer architectures.
Education.
Bachelors, Electrical Engineering, University of Dayton (Ohio), 1971.
Master of Science, Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, 1972.
PhD, Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, 1975.
Control-Alt-Delete.
According to Bradley, Control-Alt-Delete was not intended to be used by end users, originally—it was meant to be used by people writing programs or documentation, so that they could reboot their computers without powering them down. This was useful since after a computer was powered down, it was necessary to wait a few seconds before powering it up again to avoid potential damage to the power supply and hard drive. Since software developers and technical writers would need to restart a computer many times, this key combination was a big time-saver. David Bradley and Mel Hallerman chose this key combination because it is practically impossible to accidentally press this combination of keys on a standard original IBM PC keyboard.
However, the key combination was described in IBM's technical reference documentation and thereby revealed to the general public.
At the 20th anniversary of the IBM PC on August 8, 2001 at The Tech Museum, while on a panel with Bill Gates, Bradley said, "I have to share the credit. I may have invented it [Control-Alt-Delete], but I think Bill made it famous."
Multiple-key reboot had been introduced by Exidy, Inc., in 1978, for its Sorcerer Z80 computer. It provided two Reset buttons, which must be pressed simultaneously to achieve reboot.
In March 1980, the multiple-key reboot concept had been introduced for the Apple II by Videx in its VideoTerm display card add-on, requiring Control-Reset, rather than Reset alone, to reboot the machine. The innovation was noted and well received at the time.
Other accomplishments.
Bradley is the author of "Assembly Language Programming for the IBM Personal Computer" (Simon & Schuster, , January 1984), also released in French as "Assembleur sur IBM PC" (Dunod, ), Russian ("Radio" Publishing House, Moscow), and Bulgarian ("Technica" Publishing house, 1989).
Bradley holds seven U.S. patents.
Bradley has been adjunct professor of electrical and computer engineering at Florida Atlantic University and at North Carolina State University.
Much of Bradley's career has been at IBM. Bradley received a B.E.E. degree in 1971 from the University of Dayton, (Ohio). He went on to Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, where he completed an M.S. degree in 1972 and Ph.D. in 1975, both in electrical engineering. Upon graduation he went to work for IBM in Boca Raton, Florida, as senior associate engineer. He worked on the Series/1 system. In 1978 he developed the I/O system for the System/23 Datamaster.
In 1980 Bradley was one of twelve engineers developing the first IBM Personal Computer. Bradley developed the ROM BIOS. That got him promoted to manage the BIOS and diagnostics for the IBM PC/XT. In 1983 Bradley formed the Personal Systems Architecture Department. In 1984 he helped manage development of the Personal System/2 Model 30.
In November 1987 Bradley became manager of advanced processor design. His group developed the 486/25 Power Platform and the PS/2 Models 90 and 95. In 1991 he became manager of systems architecture for the Entry Systems Technology group. In 1992 he became the architecture manager for the group that developed a personal computer using the PowerPC RISC microprocessor.
In 1993 he returned to be the manager of architecture in the PC group.
On January 30, 2004, Bradley retired from IBM.
Bradley wrote about the development of the IBM PC, including Control-Alt-Delete, in the August 2011 issue of the IEEE's "Computer" magazine.


Agnia Grigas

Agnia Grigas (born November 21, 1979) is an American political scientist and author writing on security and energy issues of Russia, Europe, and the Post-Soviet states. Grigas is known as the author of "The New Geopolitics of Natural Gas" (Harvard University Press, 2017), "Beyond Crimea: The New Russian Empire" (Yale University Press, 2016) and "The Politics of Energy and Memory Between the Baltic States and Russia" (Ashgate, 2013). Grigas holds a Doctorate in International Relations from the University of Oxford. She is a nonresident Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council in Washington DC.
Education and early life.
Agnia Grigas (née Baranauskaitė) was born in Kaunas, Lithuania while the country was still part of the Soviet Union. At the age of ten, she immigrated with her mother to the United States. In 2002 Grigas graduated "cum laude" with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Political Science from Columbia University. In 2006 she earned a Master’s (MPhil) in International Relations from St Antony's College, Oxford and subsequently in 2011 her Doctorate (DPhil) in International Relations from Brasenose College, Oxford.
Career.
In 2002, Grigas started her career as a financial analyst at JPMorgan Chase in London where she worked on Eurobond issuance for corporations and governments. After her master’s studies, in 2007 Grigas joined as an associate with global consultancy Eurasia Group, where she advised for its multinational clients on Central and Eastern Europe, post-Soviet States and launched the company’s coverage of the Baltic States.
In 2008-2009 Grigas served as an advisor on energy security and economy to the Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, under Minister Vygaudas Ušackas. She worked on regional gas diversification solutions, including the early stages of the Klaipeda LNG FSRU and on concluding one of the nation’s largest foreign investment projects by Barclays. Subsequently, she went on to consult Barclays including leading the launch their global engineering center in Vilnius, Lithuania.
In 2014 Grigas became a nonresident Senior Fellow at the McKinnon Center for Global Affairs at Occidental College in Los Angeles. In 2015 she joined the Truman National Security Project as a Security Fellow. Since 2015 she is a nonresident Senior Fellow at the Dinu Patriciu Eurasia Center in Atlantic Council in Washington DC.


Refat Appazov

Refat Appazov (, ; 8 September 1920 18 April 2008) was a decorated Crimean Tatar rocket scientist and colleague of Sergey Korolev who served as head of the ballistics department of Energia from 1961 to 1988. Unlike most Crimean Tatars, he was spared special settler status and exile to Central Asia since the authorities forgot to include him in the deportation due to being in Izhevsk at the time. As a result, he was left cut off from the rest of Crimean Tatar society in the Soviet Union for much of his life. Nevertheless, he managed to become an engineer in OKB-1 and later a teacher at the prestigious Moscow Aviation Institute despite repeatedly facing discrimination. After keeping quiet about his Crimean Tatar identity for most of his life, he became heavily involved in the right of return movement after seeing the 1987 announcement about the conclusion by the Gromyko commission downplaying the entire issue and rejecting full right of return to Crimea. He went on to be a member of the second committee dedicated to considering the issue of Crimean Tatar return, which overturned the conclusions of the Gromyko commission, and in 1991 he was elected as a delegate of the Crimean Tatar Qurultay.
Early life.
Appazov was born on 8 September 1920 to a Crimean Tatar family in Simferopol. Initially he attended Crimean Tatar primary school before moving to Yalta where he attended a Russian school. After completing secondary school in 1939 he went on to attend Bauman Moscow State Technical University. During World War II the school relocated to Izhevsk, where he worked as a milling machine operator at a factory in addition to his studies. Having been so far away from Crimea and not with any Crimean Tatar diaspora group at the time of the deportation, he was spared exile to Central Asia, but effectively cut off from the rest of the Crimean Tatar community afterwards.
Engineering career.
Upon graduation in 1946 he began working at a former artillery plant in Moscow, which soon became a rocket technology research institute. During a business trip to Germany to analyze V-2 missiles, he was introduced to Sergey Korolyov, chief designer of OKB-1, who recruited him to work in the space program and later personally confronted Beria and insisted that Appazov be allowed to stay and spared exile when word of his Crimean Tatar ethnicity reached the NKVD. Despite being given an exception from exile, he was still treated like a member of a "hostile nationality" at various points in his career, at one period not being able to use materials designated as "top secret" and having to ask Russian subordinates for technical reports in order to get work done. Nevertheless, he secured a job teaching at the Moscow Aviation Institute from 1959 to 1993 and served as head of the ballistics department of Energia from 1961 to 1988. During his career is participated in the development of the R-1 ballistic missile, R-5 "Pobeda", Sputnik 1, R-7 Semyorka, and Buran as well as projects for flights to the Moon, Venus, and Mars.
Later years and Crimean Tatar identity.
Throughout his life he had been plagued with "survivor's guilt" for having been spared the fate of the rest of his people, and suffered several traumatic episodes of being reminded of the situation; during a two-day trip to Crimea in the 1950s he was horrified upon seeing the site of pieces of Tatar gravestones used as bricks in a bathroom, and later experienced depression and despair to the point of mental breakdown whenever reminded of the lost homeland, such as by seeing images of the Yalta coast on television. During rare meetings with relatives the issue of exile was rarely discussed, but Appazov gained an impression that the government had no desire to allow Crimean Tatars to return, having allowed exiled Caucasian peoples to return but gone above and beyond to minimize Crimean Tatar presence in Crimea. Having suppressed his Crimean Tatar identity for most of his life, Appazov became enraged upon seeing the official statement by the Gromyko commission in 1987 claiming there was "no basis to renew autonomy and grant Crimean Tatars the right to return" as well as completely downplaying and dismissing the situation of the Crimean Tatars and their desire to return. He subsequently reached out to the staff of the "Lenin Bayrağı" newspaper to establish contacts with the civil rights movement in the diaspora and gain information about the political situation, since the newspaper itself did not highlight Crimean Tatar struggles. Getting highly involved in the right of return movement ultimately led to his retirement in 1988. Soon thereafter he was given a seat on a second committee (chaired by Vitaly Doguzhiyev) to address the situation of Crimean Tatars - one that, unlike the Gromyko commission, had Crimean Tatars on it (the four others being Refat Chubarov, Ferit Ziyadinov, Akhtem Tippa, and Riza Asanov). After the conclusion of the committee, officially supporting the right of return, in 1991 he became a delegate in the Crimean Tatar Qurultay and from 1991 to 1995 he was a member of the Presidium of the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People. In 2001 he published his memoir "Следы в сердце и в памяти" (English: Traces in the Heart and Memory), and in a 2005 interview he stated: "I never stopped feeling like a Crimean Tatar". He lived for the remainder of his life in Korolev, Moscow, where he died on 18 April 2008 and was buried in Crimea in accordance with his will.


Francis Wormald

Francis Wormald (1904 - 11 January 1972), was a British educator who served as director of the Institute of Historical Research from 1960 to 1967.


The Service Industry

The Service Industry is an Austin, Texas-based pop rock band. They are known for their songs about wage labor and the drudgery of working at blue-collar jobs. They released their debut album, "Ranch Is the New French", in 2006, Limited Coverage and Keep the Babies Warm in 2008 and Calm Down in 2010.
Reception.
"The Austin Chronicle"s Austin Powell awarded "Ranch Is the New French" 2.5 stars out of 4. Powell wrote that the band "spits in your food, doesn't wash, and takes smoke breaks every 15 minutes, but also serves up decent indie rock, like the Pixiesish "Not in My Section" and "My Job Is Gay."" Robert Christgau wrote that the album's songs conveyed "Wage servitude and the righteous haters who are stuck in it--the lowdown".
A review of the band's second album, "Limited Coverage", in "Houston Press" concluded that the band "...may have let a little too much of that workplace drudgery leach into their songs, but that's no reason to garnish their wages." "The Austin Chronicle"s Greg Beets gave it 3 out of 4 stars, calling it "the pitch-perfect soundtrack for your next union potluck." Mike Faloon of "Razorcake" wrote in his review of the album that the band's "...lyrics rarely rise above cliché," while adding that he "kind of like[d] their country rock, especially when Curt Kirkwood of the Meat Puppets guests." Christgau described the album as "A little night music about too many day jobs".
An AllMusic review of the band's third album, "Keep the Babies Warm", awarded it 3 stars out of 5. The same review stated that "A little more anger and emotion could make this album a great listen, rather than being merely enjoyable." Beets of "the Austin Chronicle" gave the album 3 stars out of 4, writing that "the Service Industry's loyal opposition offers catchy commiseration that keeps the glass half full." Adam Newton of "Envy" criticized the album for featuring too much political commentary.
Jim Caligiuri of "the Austin Chronicle" gave the band's fourth album, "Calm Down", 3 stars out of 4, writing that the album "finds the local crew all over the musical map as ever, skewering modern life with spiked assurance." Benjamin Olivo of My San Antonio also reviewed the album favorably, describing it as "a bouncy delight, sugary and subversive at the same time. It's Nick Lowe sitting in and writing for X."


William C. Dudley

William C. Dudley (born 1953) is an American economist who served as the president of Federal Reserve Bank of New York from 2009 to 2018 and as vice-chairman of the Federal Open Market Committee. He was appointed to the position on January 27, 2009, following the confirmation of his predecessor, Timothy F. Geithner, as United States Secretary of the Treasury.
Early life and education.
Dudley attended the Williston Northampton School in Easthampton, Massachusetts. Subsequently, he earned a B.A. degree from New College of Florida in 1974, and a PhD in economics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1982.
Career.
Dudley worked at Goldman Sachs from 1986 to 2007 where he held the position of chief U.S. economist. In 2007 he was hired by then-president of the New York Federal Reserve Timothy Geithner to oversee the department in charge of buying and selling government securities.
According to salary figures released in 2010, Dudley was paid "more than $410,000 per year", making him one of the two highest-paid of the twelve presidents of the Federal Reserve Banks.
In 2019, Dudley joined the Griswold Center for Economic Policy Studies at Princeton University as a senior research scholar. He is a member of the Group of Thirty and the Council on Foreign Relations. He was a member of the Bank for International Settlements Board of Directors from 2009 to 2018 and chaired the BIS Committee on Payment Settlement Systems (2009-2012) and the Committee on the Global Financial System (2012-2018).
Dudley worked closely with Chairman Bernanke, Chair Yellen, and Chairman Powell as Vice-Chairman of the FOMC during 2009–2018.
Economic views.
Dudley pioneered the importance of financial conditions in assessing the appropriate stance of monetary policy. He also led an effort by the NY Fed to highlight the importance of improving culture and conduct in the financial services industry. He has stressed the importance of incentives. Incentives drive conduct and behavior and this helps establish the social norms that define culture.
In 2002, Dudley wrote the Federal Reserve should have "tightened policy earlier and more aggressively during the 1996-1999 period", with the hope that the downward forces would not have been so intense after the collapse of the stock market that began in 2000.
Dudley was criticized for remarks over food inflation in 2011 when he argued that you have to look at all prices when looking at inflation. He noted that some prices like the iPad were effectively falling as the next generation was twice as powerful at the same price. A member of the crowd shouted "I can't eat an iPad".
When asked about the drop in the stock market on February 8, 2018, Dudley said, "So far, I'd say this is small potatoes."
Personal.
Together with his wife Ann, Dudley has been a resident of Cranford, New Jersey, where he has been an active community volunteer.


Bender (surname)

The surname Bender derives from both English and German origin.
In England, it derives from old "Benden" or "Benbow". In Germany, it is a form of "Fassbinder" or "Fassbender" (Cooper). It is an occupational name in both English and German forms.


Johnny Edwards (baseball)

John Alban Edwards (born June 10, 1938) is an American former professional baseball player. He played as a catcher in Major League Baseball for the Cincinnati Reds (1961–67), St. Louis Cardinals (1968) and Houston Astros (1969–74). Known for his excellent defensive skills, Edwards was a three-time All-Star and a two-time National League Gold Glove Award winner. He batted left-handed, threw right-handed, and was listed as tall and .
Playing career.
Born in Columbus, Edwards graduated from West High School, and then Ohio State University, where he led the team in hits (24) in 1958 and became a member of Phi Kappa Tau fraternity. He was signed as an amateur free agent by the Cincinnati Reds in 1959.
He made his Major League debut at age 23 on June 27, 1961 in a 10–8 Reds' win over the Chicago Cubs at Wrigley Field. In his first at-bat he pinch-hit in the seventh inning for Reds' starting catcher Jerry Zimmerman, drawing a walk against reliever Barney Schultz and later scoring on a triple by Jerry Lynch. In his next at-bat, in the ninth inning, he got his first hit and first RBI, driving in Gordy Coleman with a single against reliever Joe Schaffernoth.
During Edwards' rookie season, he backed up Zimmerman and helped the Reds win the 1961 National League pennant. In the 1961 World Series Edwards had 4 hits and 2 RBIs in a losing cause, as the New York Yankees defeated the Reds in 5 games.
He put up solid offensive numbers from 1962 to 1965, earning three MLB All Star appearances. His offensive numbers diminished after he suffered a broken finger on the last day of spring training in 1966, but he continued to be one of the best defensive catchers in the National League. On June 14, 1965, Edwards was the Reds catcher when pitcher Jim Maloney went 10 innings against the New York Mets without allowing a hit. Edwards left the game in the 10th inning for a pinch runner with the game in a scoreless tie, as the Mets went on to break up the no-hitter and score a run to win the game in the 11th inning. A little more than two months later, on August 19, 1965, Edwards was once again the catcher as Maloney threw another 10 innings without allowing a hit. This time the Reds scored a run, securing the victory and the no-hitter for Maloney.
With the arrival of Johnny Bench, the Reds traded Edwards to the St. Louis Cardinals for Pat Corrales and Jimy Williams on February 8, 1968. With the Cardinals, he played backup catcher to Tim McCarver, helping them win the National League pennant, however, they would subsequently lose to the Detroit Tigers in the 1968 World Series. He caught Ray Washburn's no-hitter on September 18 of that 1968 season. On October 11, 1968 Edwards was traded with minor league player Tommy Smith to the Houston Astros for Dave Giusti and Dave Adlesh. After playing his first season for the Houston Astros in 1969, he finished 36th in voting for the National League Most Valuable Player Award.
His final game played, at age 36, was a 5–4 10-inning Astros' loss to the Los Angeles Dodgers at the Astrodome on October 2, 1974. In his final plate appearance, pinch-hitting in the 10th inning for Skip Jutze against the Dodgers' Eddie Solomon, Edwards drew a walk.
Career statistics.
In a fourteen-year major league career, Edwards played in 1,470 games, producing 1,106 hits in 4,577 at bats for a .242 batting average along with 81 home runs, 524 runs batted in and a .311 on-base percentage. A solid defensive player, he had a career fielding percentage of .992 which was 4 points above the league average, helping him earn the National League Gold Glove Award for catchers in 1963 and 1964
Edwards was voted to three National League All-Star teams in 1963, 1964 and 1965. He led National League catchers in fielding percentage four times in 1963, 1969, 1970 and 1971. He also led the league four times in assists and three times in putouts. In 1969, Edwards set single season records for catchers with 1,135 putouts and 1,221 total chances.
Richard Kendall of the Society for American Baseball Research devised an unscientific study that ranked Edwards as the second most dominating fielding catcher in major league history. He caught 109 shutouts during his career, ranking him 22nd all-time among major league catchers. As of the end of the 2016 Major League Baseball season he ranked 86th on the All-Time Intentional Walks List.
Personal life.
Edwards earned a degree in Engineering from Ohio State. During the off-seasons while with the Reds, he worked as an engineer for General Electric in research and development for nuclear fuel elements. He was inducted into the Ohio State Varsity O Hall of Fame in September 2008.


Peter Rinearson

Peter Mark Rinearson (born April 8, 1954, Seattle) is an American journalist, author, entrepreneur and executive. He is a winner of the Pulitzer Prize and a former vice president of Microsoft. Much of his career has focused on enhancing tools for storytelling, from Microsoft Word to web publishing to social media.
Journalism career.
Rinearson attended the University of Washington, from which he graduated with a bachelor's degree in communications. During college Rinearson was managing editor of the University of Washington Daily, editor of the Sammamish Valley News (the now-defunct weekly newspaper in Redmond, Washington), and winner of the National Championship of the William Randolph Hearst Journalism Awards program.
Rinearson spent his 20s writing for the "Seattle Times", for which he covered politics, Boeing, and Asia. In 1984, Rinearson won the Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing for a series he wrote on Boeing's development of the 757. Two years after winning the Pulitzer, he left the "Times" to write books.
The Pulitzer Prize Board announced a new category of "Explanatory Reporting" in November 1984, citing Rinearson's series of explanatory articles that seven months earlier had won the Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing. The series, "Making It Fly," was a 29,000-word account of the development of the Boeing 757 jetliner. It had been entered in the National Reporting category, but judges moved it to Feature Writing to award it a prize. In the aftermath, the Pulitzer Prize Board said it was creating the new category in part because of the ambiguity about where explanatory accounts such as "Making It Fly" should be recognized.
Rinearson was subsequently a national semifinalist for NASA's Journalist in Space project, cancelled in the wake of the Space Shuttle Challenger tragedy.
From 1995 to 1999, Rinearson assisted Bill Gates in writing a newspaper column carried by the New York Times Syndicate.
Awards and honors.
In addition to winning the Pulitzer Prize, Rinearson's "Making It Fly" won the ASNE Distinguished Writing Award for business writing, from the American Society of News Editors. Excerpts have been included in several books on journalism, including "America's Best Newspaper Writing."
Rinearson was also the recipient of the Lowell Thomas Prize from the American Society of Travel Writers for his consumer affairs journalism regarding air travel (he won first place in the "non-trip reporting" category), the John Hancock Award for Excellence in Business and Financial Journalism, for his coverage of Japan, and the Special Paul Myher Award in the Penney-Missouri Journalism Awards from the University of Missouri School of Journalism (now known as the Missouri Lifestyle Journalism Awards).
He has served as a member of the national advisory board of the Poynter Institute, which provides continuing education for working journalists.
Rinearson is inventor on eight issued U.S. patents, granted between 2006 and 2017.
Books authored.
Rinearson co-wrote "The Road Ahead" with Bill Gates and Nathan Myhrvold. It was Gates' first book and spent seven weeks at the top of "The New York Times" best-seller list.
Previously in the 1980s, Rinearson wrote how-to books on using Microsoft Word in MS-DOS, for Microsoft Press. Of one of these, New York Times reviewer Erik Sandberg-Diment wrote: "Word owners should not be without Rinearson's book, even if they read no more than a tenth of it." According to Rinearson's official bio at his company, he "created the first software disk to accompany a Microsoft Press book, which presented a system of styles and style sheets that Microsoft later commissioned him to revise for Word for Windows. This work laid the foundation for the formatting styles built into Word today."
In recent years, Rinearson has been researching and writing an ambitious "history of the Seattle area, focusing on its entrepreneurialism."
Entrepreneur.
In 1988, Rinearson founded Alki Software, which created third-party products for Microsoft Word. Alki licensed to Microsoft the toolbar and several other features of Microsoft Word version 5.1 for the Macintosh, and for more than a decade sold the Foreign Proofing Tool kits that allowed people to work with Word in multiple languages.
In 1995, Rinearson co-founded a nine-person digital design company, Raster Ranch, that focused on 3D modeling for television, games, and the Web.
Two years later, Rinearson spun off from Alki a subsidiary, Intype, which created Babynamer.com, which had 300,000 monthly visitors. But the primary initiative of Intype was to build and market a Web-publishing platform that would enable a web site to offer a blend of professional and community created content. (This was before the word "blog" existed.) Rinearson believed that the economic principle called network effects would catapult to dominance publishers who owned the primary places where people congregated online to create and consume their own content. Intype was an attempt to get the newspaper industry, where Rinearson had started his career, to embrace community content before Web startups gained a strong foothold. The Newspaper Association of America used Intype's technology, but when no newspapers followed suit Rinearson sold Intype to Oxygen Media in 1999.
Executive.
With the sale of his company, Rinearson became a senior vice-president at the Oxygen television network, where he led software development and program management teams in New York, San Francisco, and Seattle.
He moved from Oxygen to Microsoft, where as a corporate vice president he was on the five-person senior leadership team of the Information Worker business unit, which published Microsoft Office and other productivity software. His teams developed Office-based software solutions for industry partners, and incubated potential products (including the forerunner of desktop search). Rinearson supervised Microsoft's corporate intranet, libraries, archive, and Center for Information Work. He also had certain marketing responsibilities.
After Microsoft, Rinearson returned to his entrepreneurial roots, where he undertook projects that converged into Intersect.com, a service he founded that launched in December, 2010 and closed in 2013. Intersect was a social network with a strong privacy model that let photos and other stories be posted or discovered at specific times and places. So, for example, photos taken at a school event by various parents (who might be strangers to each other) could be found and shared by looking at the time and place of the event. Postings also could be viewed and discovered on intersecting timelines, called storylines. This was a year before Facebook introduced its timelines, and when Mark Zuckerberg announced Facebook's forthcoming feature in 2011, Rinearson downplayed its importance. “As best we can tell, Facebook offers you only one timeline, it doesn’t appear to let you borrow content from other people, it doesn’t have Intersect’s interesting and entertaining ways of exploring time and place, and it doesn’t let you discover lives and stories that intersect with yours,” he said. Intersect was a success technologically but, despite Rinearson's initial confidence, could not gain traction against Facebook.
Rinearson was a co-executive producer of "Wakefield", a Robin Swicord movie (based on a short story by E.L. Doctorow) starring Bryan Cranston and Jennifer Garner. It was released on May 19, 2017.
By 2018, Rinearson was a member of the advisory board of Athira Pharma, a Seattle company developing a potential therapy for chronic, progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The drug was in clinical trials in the United States and France.


Bailey (surname)

Bailey is an occupational surname of English and especially Irish origin, it originated from the Normans.


George Hotz

George Francis Hotz (born October 2, 1989), alias GeoHot, is an American security hacker, entrepreneur, hip hop artist, and software engineer. He is known for developing iOS jailbreaks, reverse engineering the PlayStation 3, and for the subsequent lawsuit brought against him by Sony. Since September 2015, he has been working on his vehicle automation machine learning company comma.ai.
Education.
He attended the Academy for Engineering and Design Technology at the Bergen County Academies, a magnet public high school in Hackensack, New Jersey. Hotz is an alumnus of the Johns Hopkins Center for Talented Youth program. Hotz also briefly attended Rochester Institute of Technology and Carnegie Mellon University.
Security research.
iOS.
In August 2007, seventeen-year-old George Hotz became the first person reported to remove the SIM lock on an iPhone. He traded his second unlocked 8 GB iPhone to Terry Daidone, the founder of CertiCell, for a Nissan 350Z and three 8 GB iPhones.
In October 2009, Hotz released blackra1n. It was compatible with all iPhone and iPod Touch devices running iOS 3.1.2.
On July 13, 2010, Hotz announced the discontinuation of his jailbreaking activities, citing demotivation over the technology and the unwanted personal attention. Nevertheless, he continued to release new software-based jailbreak techniques until October 2010.
PlayStation 3.
In December 2009, Hotz announced his initial intentions to breach security on the PlayStation 3. On January 22, 2010, he announced that he had performed his first achievement consisting of read and write access to the machine's system memory as well as hypervisor level access to the machine's CPU.
On January 26, 2010, Hotz released the exploit to the public. On March 28, 2010, Sony responded by announcing their intention to release a PlayStation 3 firmware update that would remove the OtherOS feature from all models, a feature that was already absent on the newer Slim revisions of the machine.
On July 13, 2010, Hotz posted a message on his Twitter account stating that he had abandoned his efforts.
Sony lawsuit.
On December 29, 2010, hacking group fail0verflow did a presentation at the 27th Chaos Communications Congress where they exposed a mistake of Sony in their usage of ECDSA signatures without publishing the corresponding private key. This key was used by Sony to prevent piracy. On January 2, 2011, Hotz posted a copy of the private key of the PlayStation 3 on his website. These keys were later removed from his website as a result of legal action by Sony against fail0verflow and Hotz. In response to his continued publication of PS3 exploit information, Sony filed on January 11, 2011 for an application for a temporary restraining order (TRO) against him in the US District Court of Northern California.
Hotz published his commentary on the case, including a song about the "disaster" of Sony. Sony in turn has demanded social media sites, including YouTube, to hand over IP addresses of people who visited Geohot's social pages and videos; the latter being the case only for those who "watched the video and 'documents reproducing all records or usernames and IP addresses that have posted or published comments in response to the video".
PayPal has granted Sony access to Geohot's PayPal account, and the judge of the case granted Sony permission to view the IP addresses of everyone who visited geohot.com. In April 2011, it was revealed that Sony and Hotz had settled the lawsuit out of court, on the condition that Hotz would never again resume any hacking work on Sony products.
Android.
In June 2014, Hotz published a root exploit software hack for Samsung Galaxy S5 devices used in the US market. The exploit is built around the CVE-2014-3153 vulnerability, which was discovered by hacker Pinkie Pie, and it involves an issue in the Futex subsystem that in turn allows for privilege escalation. The exploit, known as "towelroot", was designated as a "one-click Android rooting tool".
Although originally released for the Verizon Galaxy S5, the root exploit was made compatible with most Android devices available at that time. For example, it was tested and found to work with the AT&T Galaxy S5, Nexus 5, and Galaxy S4 Active. Updates continued to be applied to the root exploit to increase its capabilities with other devices running Android. Updates to the Android operating system closed the source of the exploit. Samsung officially responded to the towelroot exploit by releasing updated software designed to be immune from the exploit.
Career.
Hotz made a meaningful side income from public donations solicited for his security exploits.
Hotz worked at Facebook between May 2011 and January 2012.
On July 16, 2014, Google hired Hotz to work with the Project Zero team where he developed Qira for dynamically analysing application binaries.
Hotz was employed at the startup Vicarious from January until July 2015.
comma.ai.
Hotz founded his AI startup, comma.ai, in September 2015. In an interview with Bloomberg, Hotz revealed that the company was building vehicular automation technology based on machine learning algorithms. Hotz built a working self-driving 2016 Acura ILX, which he demonstrated on the I-280 in a video, resulting in a cease and desist letter from the California Department of Motor Vehicles.
Hotz wanted to sell his technology to Tesla Motors, meeting with CEO Elon Musk. Hotz claims that Musk offered him $12 million (minus $1 million for every month it took Hotz to work on the task) to create a driving system that could replace the MobilEye solution that Tesla used at the time. Tesla later released a statement on their website citing corrections to the Bloomberg article, stressing that their autopilot system was developed in-house, with a vision chip component from MobilEye, instead of one separate autopilot system manufactured by MobilEye, as suggested by Bloomberg reporter Ashlee Vance. Musk offered advice on Hotz's self-driving car project in a December 2015 interview.
On October 27, 2016, the NHTSA informed Hotz that the product was legally required to comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, and requested information that would confirm such compliance. A day later, George Hotz tweeted from Shenzhen that the comma one was cancelled. Kristen Lee stated on Jalopnik that the NHTSA was simply trying to open a dialog, and commented: "Instead, they got the worst attitude possible from Silicon Valley: try and regulate us, thought leaders, and we’ll take our ball and go home."
comma.ai open sourced their self driving car software (called openpilot) on November 30, 2016, emphasizing its intended use for research without a warranty.
On September 14, 2018, comma.ai announced Hotz would become the Head of Research Team for the project, and appointed Riccardo Biasini as the new CEO of the company. He left in March 2019, but returned in May 2019 to become President once again.
On January 7, 2020, comma.ai debuted its $999 comma two ADAS (driver-assist) device at the annual CES tech show in Las Vegas.
Other activities and recognition.
Hotz was a finalist at the 2004 ISEF competition in Portland, Oregon with his project "The Mapping Robot". Recognition included interviews on the "Today Show" and "Larry King". Hotz was a finalist at the 2005 ISEF competition, with his project "The Googler".
Hotz competed in the 2007 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair, a science competition for high school students, where his 3D imaging project, entitled "I want a Holodeck", received awards and prizes in several categories including a $20,000 Intel scholarship. He travelled to Sweden to speak about the project at the Stockholm International Youth Science Seminar.
In March 2008, PC World listed Hotz as one of the top 10 Overachievers under 21.
In August 2013, Hotz attended DEF CON with Carnegie Mellon's Plaid Parliament of Pwning (PPP). PPP placed first in the DEF CON Capture the Flag (CTF) tournament. Later in 2013, Hotz also competed in CSAW 2013. Working alone, Hotz took first place under the pseudonym tomcr00se. In August 2014, Hotz once again competed as part of Carnegie Mellon's Plaid Parliament of Pwning to win the DEF CON CTF tournament for a second year in a row. The team also won the DEF CON "Crack Me If You Can" tournament.
In February 2020, Hotz founded the cheapETH crypto currency, a fork of Ethereum with the intention to reduce ETH gas fees. The crypto currency is currently successful.


William Charles Smith

William Charles Smith (22 July 1881 – 20 November 1972) was an English musicologist who specialized in musical bibliographies. His particular area of interest was 17th and 18th century musical figures that were active in England. Considered an authority on the life and works of George Frideric Handel, he notably published several books on the famous composer. Smith also had a large private collection of Handel works, some of them original manuscripts. He was also interested in chronicling the work of English music engravers and publishers of the period.
Smith was born in London. From 1900 to 1944 he was on staff of the British Museum, serving as Assistant Keeper of Printed Books from 1920 – 1944. He died in Bromley in 1972 at the age of 91.


Ray Ozzie

Raymond "Ray" Ozzie (born November 20, 1955) is an American software industry entrepreneur who held the positions of Chief Technical Officer and Chief Software Architect at Microsoft between 2005 and 2010. Before Microsoft, he was best known for his role in creating HCL Notes (formerly IBM Notes and Lotus Notes).
Biography.
He grew up in Chicago, Illinois, later moving to Park Ridge, Illinois and graduating from Maine South High School in 1973 where, in 1969, he learned to program on a GE-400 mainframe and an Olivetti-Underwood Programma 101.
He received his bachelor's degree in computer science in 1979 from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he worked on the PLATO system, and began his working career at Data General Corporation where he worked for Jonathan Sachs. After leaving Data General, Ozzie worked at Software Arts for Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston, the creators of VisiCalc, on that product and TK Solver. Shortly thereafter, he was recruited by Sachs and Mitch Kapor to work for Lotus Development to develop what became Lotus Symphony. Ozzie left Lotus Development in 1984 and founded Iris Associates to create the product later sold by Lotus as Lotus Notes, based in part on his experiences using the PLATO Notes group messaging system. Iris Associates was acquired by Lotus in 1994, and Lotus itself was acquired by IBM in 1995.
Ozzie worked there for several years before leaving to form Groove Networks. Groove was acquired by Microsoft in 2005, where Ozzie became one of three Chief Technical Officers. That year, he wrote a seven-page, 5,000-word internal memo, titled The Internet Services Disruption: "It's clear that if we fail to do so, our business as we know it is at risk ... We must respond quickly and decisively."
On June 15, 2006, Ozzie took over the role of Chief Software Architect from Bill Gates.
In October 2008 Ozzie announced Microsoft Azure, the first project to emerge from his advanced development labs focused on new and potentially disruptive approaches to Microsoft's business. The project, originally known as "Red Dog", was led by Dave Cutler and Amitabh Srivastava. In January 2009, another project emerging from these labs, "Live Mesh", received a Crunchie Award for best technology innovation. In October 2009 he also created FUSE Labs (Future Social Experiences) within this advanced development unit, focusing on innovation in social experiences for mobile and web.
Ozzie officially announced his plans to step down from his role at Microsoft on October 18, 2010 and his final day was December 31, 2010. In 2011 he helped create the non-profit Safecast.
In January 2012 Ozzie started Talko Inc., a company that delivered mobile apps and services for business team communications primarily focused on those roles in which voice is essential. Talko was launched in September 2014. Ozzie has said that the name "Talko" was meant as an homage to Talkomatic, a popular group chat program he experienced while working on the PLATO System in the 1970s. Ray sold the company to Microsoft in December 2015 with the intent to bring Talko's novel voice and productivity features to Microsoft's Skype.
In 2013, Ozzie joined the board of directors at Hewlett-Packard, and continues to serve as a director of Hewlett Packard Enterprise, he joined the board of Safecast in 2017.
In April 2020, Ray Ozzie raised $11 million for his new venture, Blues Wireless, an IoT company.


Julie Larson-Green

Julie Larson-Green (born 1962) is the former chief experience officer (CXO) of the Office Experience Organization at Microsoft, where she worked 1993 through 2017. She subsequently joined Qualtrics as their CXO.
Larson-Green notably managed the implementation of ribbons in Microsoft Office 2007, replacing the menu-driven interface with context-specific "ribbons" for which she won a technical leadership award in 2013. In addition, she led the efforts to evolve Microsoft's Metro design language (to become known as "Metro Style") to also ship as part of Windows 8, in 2012. "User interface is customer service for the computer."
Early life.
Larson-Green grew up in Maple Falls, in Whatcom County, Washington.
Education and early career.
Larson-Green graduated with a degree in business administration from Western Washington University. Her first job was in tech support for Aldus, creator of PageMaker desktop publishing software. A self-taught programmer, Larson-Green completed her master's degree in software engineering and was then recruited as development lead at Aldus.
At Microsoft.
In 1993, Larson-Green joined Microsoft as a program manager for Visual C++.
Following Visual C++, she worked on the user experience for IE 3.0 and 4.0 and then, in 1997, moved to the Office team to work on FrontPage, where she got her first group program manager job. She also did a stint on the SharePoint Team Services team when SharePoint was known as "Office.Net." While in Office, she led UI design for Office XP, Office 2003, and Office 2007, as seen in her official Microsoft biography.
After working on Microsoft Office, she oversaw the successful launch of the Microsoft operating system Windows 7 as corporate vice president, program management, Windows Client. She has had between 1,200 and 1,400 program managers, researchers, content managers and other members of the Windows team reporting to her.
In November 2012, Larson-Green was promoted to be the head of all Windows software and hardware engineering, in the wake of the sudden departure of Steven Sinofsky.
Larson-Green was the 2015 winner of the Woman of Vision ABIE Award for Leadership from the Anita Borg Institute.
As part of a Microsoft reorganization in July 2013, Larson-Green was named as the head of the newly formed Devices and Studios Engineering Group. The division oversaw the company's various efforts in hardware, particularly the Xbox One and Surface tablet. Some gamers reacted to the news with comments that were described as misogynistic.
In February 2014, it was announced that Larson-Green would move to the role of chief experience officer of Microsoft's "My Life & Work" team, a move interpreted by many as making way for [[Stephen Elop]], joining Microsoft as part of its acquisition of [[Nokia]]'s devices business, to become head of the devices organization within Microsoft.
In November 2017, Larson-Green left Microsoft to join Utah-based Qualtrics as Chief Experience Officer. She left Qualtrics in February 2021.
External links.
[[Category:Microsoft employees]]
[[Category:People from Austin, Texas]]
[[Category:Seattle University alumni]]
[[Category:Western Washington University alumni]]
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]


Liz Wiseman

Liz Wiseman is a researcher and executive advisor who teaches leadership to executives around the world.  She is the author of "New York Times" bestseller "Multipliers:  How the Best Leaders Make Everyone Smarter, The Multiplier Effect:  Tapping the Genius Inside Our Schools, and Wall Street Journal" bestseller "Rookie Smarts:  Why Learning Beats Knowing in the New Game of Work. "
She is the CEO of the Wiseman Group, a leadership research and development firm headquartered in Silicon Valley, California.  Some of her recent clients include:  Apple, AT&T, Disney, Facebook, Google, Microsoft, Nike, Salesforce, Tesla, and Twitter.  Liz has been listed on the Thinkers50 ranking and in 2019 was recognized as the top leadership thinker in the world.
She has conducted significant research in the field of leadership and collective intelligence and writes for Harvard Business Review, Fortune, and a variety of other business and leadership journals.  She is a frequent guest lecturer at BYU and Stanford University and is a former executive at Oracle Corporation, where she worked as the Vice President of Oracle University and as the global leader for Human Resource Development.
Education and career.
Wiseman holds a bachelor's degree in business management and a Masters of Organizational Behavior from Brigham Young University. She began her career with Oracle Corporation upon graduating from BYU. Wiseman has also completed executive education courses with University of Michigan, Wharton, Harvard, and MIT.
From 1988 through 2005, Wiseman worked for Oracle Corporation. During her career with Oracle, she led the creation of Oracle University, worked as the vice president of Human Resource Development and led numerous global initiatives. Following her tenure at Oracle, she worked as an executive coach. It was during her years as an Oracle executive and later as an executive coach that she observed the differences between multiplying and diminishing leaders and then conducted the foundational research for her book "".
Wiseman is the CEO of the Wiseman Group, a leadership research and development firm headquartered in Silicon Valley, California.
Personal life.
Wiseman is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. As of 2017 she was an early morning seminary teacher.


Wiren Becker

Wiren Dale Becker, who works for IBM, was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for contributions to power distribution and signal integrity in high-speed interconnects for computing systems.


Maneet Ahuja

Maneet Ahuja (born 1984) is an American author, journalist, television news producer, and hedge fund specialist. She is a producer of CNBC's morning business news program, "Squawk Box". Her 2012 book, "The Alpha Masters: Unlocking the Genius of the World's Top Hedge Funds", was published by John Wiley & Sons and nominated for an FT / Goldman Sachs Book of the Year Award. "Forbes" named her to their "30 Under 30" list of media figures for 2012. Ahuja has also produced a number of business events including CNBC's Delivering Alpha conference, a hedge fund summit that she created and co-developed. Ahuja serves on the Council of Advocates for Mt. Sinai Hospital and is on the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women. Her next book is The Techtonics.
Career.
Finance and journalism.
Ahuja began her finance career at the age of 17 when she interned at Citigroup in 2002 as a credit risk analyst. After ten months, Ahuja became a full-time employee. She remained at Citigroup for nearly four years before moving to Merrill Lynch as a global economics and equity research intern. She later became one of "The Wall Street Journal"'s youngest reporters, working on their Money & Investing team.
Ahuja joined CNBC in 2008, and the following year she was awarded the network's Enterprise Award for her coverage of the hedge fund industry. Ahuja's work on CNBC's "Squawk Box" includes the first on-air appearance made by Ray Dalio, Founder and CIO of the world's largest hedge fund Bridgewater Associates and David Tepper—hedge fund manager and the founder of Appaloosa Management, coverage of David Einhorn's warning call before the collapse of Lehman Brothers, and John Paulson's communication to investors following an SEC investigation into the Goldman Sachs "Abacus" deals. She has also covered the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. In December 2012, Ahuja and CNBC colleague, Kate Kelly, made the first report that Bill Ackman, manager of Pershing Square Capital Management, had a short position on Herbalife, a multi-level marketing company that sells health care products, and considered their business model to be a pyramid scheme.
Events.
Ahuja co-founded and created CNBC's Delivering Alpha conference, a hedge fund summit launched in conjunction with "Institutional Investor". She produces events for Harvard Business School's U.S. Competitiveness Project and quarterly shows at the United States Department of Labor with Alan Greenspan, former Chairman of the Federal Reserve. Ahuja served as the master of ceremonies at the Wharton Economic Summit held at Lincoln Center in New York City March 2013.
Ahuja also co-founded CNBC's popular "Disruptors" series initiative focusing on tech startups in the Valley and beyond. She interviewed tech legend Marc Andreessen for Andreessen Horowitz's inaugural Capital Summit at Cavallo Point September 2015.
Awards.
In October 2012 the South Asian Journalists Association awarded Ahuja and Devin Banerjee of Bloomberg News grants to attend seminars for business journalists at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
"The Alpha Masters".
Ahuja's book, "The Alpha Masters: Unlocking the Genius of the World's Top Hedge Funds" was published by John Wiley & Sons in May 2012. The nine-chapter book features profiles of 11 executives in the hedge fund industry: Ray Dalio of Bridgewater Associates, Pierre Lagrange and Tim Wong of Man Group, John Paulson of Paulson & Co., Marc Lasry and Sonia Gardner of Avenue Capital Group, David Tepper of Appaloosa Management, Bill Ackman of Pershing Square Capital Management, Daniel S. Loeb of Third Point LLC, James Chanos of Kynikos Associates LP, and Boaz Weinstein of Saba Capital Management. The book's foreword was written by Mohamed A. El-Erian, CEO of PIMCO, and its afterword by economist Myron Scholes, 1997 winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.


Herbert Payne

Herbert James Mockford Payne (17 August 186626 February 1944) was an Australian politician. He served as a Senator for Tasmania from 1920 to 1938 and as a member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly from 1903 to 1920.
Payne was born in Hobart and worked as a draper in Burnie prior to entering politics. He was first elected to parliament at the 1903 state election and was known for his fiscal conservatism. He served as state treasurer and minister for agriculture and railways from 1912 to 1914. Payne was elected to the Senate at the 1919 federal election, representing the Nationalist Party. He won re-election twice, joining the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931, but was defeated in 1937. He is primarily remembered for his role in the introduction of compulsory voting for federal elections, which became law in 1924 through his private senator's bill.
Early life.
Payne was born on 17 August 1866 in Hobart, Tasmania, the son of Hannah (née Reed) and Henry Payne; his father worked as a gardener. He attended the Central State School in Hobart and by 1888 was working in Burnie as a draper's assistant. In about 1892 he established a clothing emporium, marketing himself as "The People's Draper". He was a Freemason and a member of the Manchester Unity Independent Order of Oddfellows, holding the rank of pro-grandmaster.
State politics.
Payne was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly at the 1903 state election, running in the seat of Burnie. He received the endorsement of the Reform League, an organisation advocating reduced government spending which he had helped to establish in 1902. He subsequently supported the government of William Propsting until its collapse in 1904. Payne's support for spending cuts led him to propose the closure of the University of Tasmania; he also called for direct taxation to be reduced. He was re-elected in 1906 and in the same year was appointed to the state government's Royal Commission into Wages and Wage Earners. He submitted a minority report criticising the labour movement and publicly accused the other two commissioners of misrepresenting the evidence presented to them. In 1907 Payne supported the efforts of Premier John Evans to ban public servants from political campaigning, citing schoolteacher Joseph Lyons' public support of the Australian Labor Party (ALP).
In 1909 Payne assisted in the creation of the Liberal League, winning re-election in the new multi-member seat of Darwin at that year's state election. He served as chairman of committees until 1912, when he joined Albert Solomon's new government as treasurer, minister for agriculture and minister for railways. In office he "continued his efforts to shift tax onto 'unearned' wealth and was happy to increase expenditure on education, railways, agricultural improvement and assistance to immigrants". He served as a minister until the government was defeated on a no-confidence motion in April 1914. During World War I, Payne was a prominent loyalist and supporter of conscription. In November 1918, he challenged George Becker, a Labor MP of German ancestry, to a fistfight following a perceived slight, and subsequently "through the open door from the House . . . [they] could be seen exchanging blows amidst great commotion".
Federal politics.
Payne was elected to the Senate as a Nationalist at the 1919 federal election, to a six-year term beginning on 1 July 1920. His election was challenged by a fellow Nationalist, Edward Mulcahy, who had been elected to fill a short-term casual vacancy of less than one year. Mulcahy unsuccessfully argued for the shorter term to be assigned to Payne, but his petition was rejected by the High Court. Payne was re-elected to further six-year terms at the 1925 and 1931 elections, joining the new United Australia Party (UAP) upon its creation in early 1931. He was defeated for re-election in 1937, concluding his term on 30 June 1938 at the age of 71.
Payne emerged as a prominent critic of the Scullin Government's policy of high tariffs. He stated his support for a "sane protective policy" and according to "upheld nineteenth-century ideas as to world-ranging free trade being the best guarantor of peace and prosperity". He took an interest in international affairs, visiting Europe, North America and Japan while in office and helping establish a local branch of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. During the Abyssinia Crisis of 1935 he supported sanctions against Italy. Payne served on the Joint Standing Committee on Public Works (1926–1929) and acted as chairman of committees (1929–1932). He was an unsuccessful candidate for President of the Senate in 1935.
Electoral reform.
Over his political career Payne took a keen interest in electoral issues. He is primarily remembered as the author of the "Commonwealth Electoral Act 1924", which established compulsory voting for federal elections. He introduced the legislation as a private senator's bill; it was only the third such bill from either house of parliament to become law. Payne's interest in compulsory voting was sparked by the record low voter turnout at the 1922 election, which stood at 59 percent of registered voters nationwide and only 46 percent in Tasmania. After the passage of the bill, turnout increased to 91 percent, an increase of 32 percentage points.
Payne stated that compulsory voting was necessary to counteract "apathy and indolence", but in his second reading speech also hoped that it would bring "a wonderful improvement in the political knowledge of the people" and lead to a higher quality legislature. His bill, a simply worded amendment to the "Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918", was notable for its speedy passage and lack of opposition. Prior to the parliamentary debate Nationalist and Country Party MPs both voted to support the bill, and compulsory voting already formed part of the ALP platform. Edward Mann sponsored the bill in the House of Representatives, where it was debated for less than an hour and passed without amendment. It was passed by the House eight days after being introduced to the Senate on 16 July, and received royal assent one week later on 31 July.
Outside of compulsory voting, Payne advocated proportional representation for Senate elections and the use of communities of interest rather than simple geography for House of Representatives electorates. He also supported the creation of "native representative councils" in the Territory of New Guinea. He served on the Joint Select Committee on Commonwealth Electoral Law and Procedure in 1926. In 1934 Payne suggested that circular ballots be used to reduce the donkey vote; his suggestion has been cited as a predecessor of the Robson Rotation system that was adopted in 1979 to address the same issue. Prior to his election to the Senate he had also served on a select committee into Tasmania's Electoral Act, which suggested that party affiliations be listed on ballot papers. This recommendation was eventually adopted at federal level in 1983.
Personal life.
Payne married Margaret Stones on 18 January 1888 in Ulverstone. The couple had two sons and two daughters, with his oldest son Leslie (died 1942) also serving in the Tasmanian House of Assembly. After entering politics Payne supplemented his income through investing and land speculation. He was widowed in 1936 and remarried on 30 March 1938 to Constance Rogers. After leaving parliament he retired to the northern suburbs of Melbourne. He died at the Sacred Heart Private Hospital in Coburg on 26 February 1944, aged 77.


Walter Johnsen

Walter Craig Johnsen (born December 15, 1950) is the chairman and chief executive officer of Acme United Corporation, which is a supplier of cutting, measuring and safety products for the school, home, office, hardware and industrial markets.
Johnsen joined Acme United in January 1995 as a board member and became CEO later that year. Under his leadership, Acme United became the leading scissors brand in the United States and one of the leading ruler brands in North America. In addition, Acme United has become one of the top-3 producers of first aid kits in the United States.
Early life and education.
Johnsen was born in New York, the son of Walter S. Johnsen, a co-founder of Armel Electronics and Therese Johnsen, a high-end residential real estate sales agent. His father was Norwegian, while his mother's family was from Denmark.
After graduating from Ramsey High School, in Bergen County, New Jersey, Johnsen attended Cornell University, from which he graduated with a Bachelor of Science in chemical engineering and a Master of Science in chemical engineering. During those years he was an intern in the US House of Representatives, Banking and Currency Committee, where he worked on a loan guarantee for Lockheed.
In 2006, Johnsen established the Rosenblatt Faculty Fellow Endowment to honor the memory of Frank Rosenblatt, a former professor and mentor at Cornell. Dr. Rosenblatt drowned in the Chesapeake Bay during a boating trip, while being accompanied by Walter Johnsen and another student.
Johnsen first joined Pfizer Inc., where he was a process engineer and later production supervisor making penicillin and other sterile pharmaceuticals.
In 1978, he graduated from Columbia Business School, where he received a Master of Business Administration.
Career.
After Johnsen received his MBA, he joined Smith Barney, where he held various venture capital positions. He became Managing Partner of the firm's West Coast private equity activities. Amongst others, he was a general partner of First Century Partnership II and First Century Partnership III, which was one of the early investors in Apple Inc.
In 1986 he and an associate acquired Marshall Products, Inc., a distributor of medical, home health-care and juvenile products based in Lincolnshire, IL. Marshall grew from $18 million to $40 million in annual revenues in four years, and became the largest supplier of blood-pressure units and stethoscopes in the US. In 1990, Marshall Products was sold for $25 million to Omron Corp, a Japanese electronics manufacturer.
After the leveraged buyout of Marshall Partners, Johnsen became a special limited partner at Harvest Partners. He also founded Johnsen Properties, which invested in real estate in southeast Connecticut.
In January 1995, when his non-compete ended with Omron, Johnsen joined Acme United Corp. as a board member.
After a disastrous 1995, in which Acme United reported a loss of $8.7 million, Dwight Wheeler II was replaced by Walter Johnsen as CEO. Johnsen immediately initiated a fierce cost reduction program. He shut down five plants, moved most of the production to a modern, lower cost, facility in North Carolina, reduced the company's inventory and laid off about 800 people, including nine senior managers.
The company lost another $3.2 million in 1996, mostly due to restructuring charges. In 1997, production shifted to China. The savings generated from that switch were invested in innovation and laid the foundation for Acme United's further growth.
From 2005 until 2014, Johnsen was a member of the listed company council of the New York Stock Exchange to advise on issues and concerns affecting small and mid-cap companies.
In January 2016, Johnsen joined the Board of Directors of TOMI Environmental Solutions, Inc.
Personal life.
Johnsen is one of the founding members of the Stonington Harbor Yacht Club and was commodore of the club between 2007 and 2009. He also enjoys history and global economics.
He is married to Wendy Davies and together they have one son.


Ed Butowsky

Edward "Ed" Wayne Butowsky (born February 12, 1962) is an American financial advisor, author, commentator and Managing Partner. In 2005, he founded Chapwood Investments, LLC, a private wealth management advisory firm. Butowsky was part of development of the now-retracted 2017 Fox News story alleging that the murder of Democratic National Committee staffer Seth Rich was an inside job. He is currently a co-defendant in an ongoing lawsuit filed by Rich's family alleging that the report fueled conspiracy theories about Rich's death and caused the family emotional distress.
Early life and education.
Butowsky was born in 1962 and raised in Laurel, Maryland and Chappaqua, New York. His mother was Lois Butowsky and father was David Butowsky, chief enforcement officer for the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. In the early 1980s, he graduated from the University of Texas.
Career.
Morgan Stanley and Chapwood Investments.
Butowsky began his financial career with Morgan Stanley, working there for 18 years, from 1987 to 2002. At Morgan Stanley, he became senior vice president in private wealth management. He founded the private wealth management firm Chapwood Investments in 2005. He is currently a managing partner in Chapwood Investments and created the Chapwood Index. By 2013, he was managing investments for a hundred professional athletes. Butowsky started the celebrity and athlete investor group Clubhouse Investment Club with professional baseball player Torii Hunter. Butowsky was also a managing director at Bear Stearns.
In 2012, Butowsky was a commentator in the ESPN 30 for 30 film, "Broke," where he spoke to his experience working with athlete clients. Created following the 2009 "Sports Illustrated" article, "How (And Why) Athletes Go Broke," also featuring Butowsky, "Broke" featured many professional athletes and advisors speaking to their experiences with the issue. Butowsky published the 2019 book "Wealth Mismanagement: A Wall Street Insider On the Dirty Secrets of Financial Advisers and How to Protect Your Portfolio." Butowsky founded the 1940 Act fund Paramount Access Advisors for hedge funds in 2012.
Butowsky has written columns for "Breitbart News and" "TheBlaze."
Defamation Lawsuit.
In June 2018, Butowsky filed a defamation lawsuit in U.S. federal court seeking $57 million in damages from NPR and one of its reporters, David Folkenflik. Butowsky accused Folkenflik of pushing a "false narrative" of Butowsky's involvement in a now-retracted Fox News story alleging that the murder of Democratic National Committee staffer Seth Rich was connected to the 2016 leak of DNC emails to WikiLeaks. Butowsky also alleged that Folkenflik conspired with an attorney to extort money from Fox. Butowsky told Courthouse News Service that he still believes the Fox News story was accurate. The case is scheduled to go to trial in mid-2021.
By August 2020, Butowsky still insisted that the retracted Fox News story was accurate. He claimed without evidence that the Seth Rich family were "not innocent bystanders" and that they were "in possession of material evidence indicating that Seth Rich downloaded the DNC emails, sent them to Wikileaks, and requested payment."
Personal life.
Butowsky lives in Plano, Texas, with his wife and two children.


Bill Gaver

William Gaver is a co-director of the Interaction Research Studio. as well as a Professor of Design Department at Goldsmiths, University of London since 2005.
Education.
Gaver received his Ph.D at University of California, San Diego for Psychology and Cognitive Science.
Career.
Previously Gaver was a research scientist at Apple Inc from 1987 to 1988.
After his brief career at Apple, he taught at Royal College of Art, London from 1994 to 2004 as a Professor of Interaction Research, where he researched methods to use technology for social and cultural interventions.
Then from 2000 to 2007, he co-founded Equator IRC. Funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the project investigated the integration of the physical with the digital world by drawing together approaches from social science, cognitive science and art and design. In particular, the project conducted research to seek relationship between these two concept using modern age digital devices in order to improve the quality of everyday life. The project initially relied on cultural probes, a design driven research technique contributed by Gaver which helps to uncover people’s lifestyle, values, activities, opinions and so on.
Along with Interaction Research Studio, he is currently in process of developing approaches to help assess people’s experience with designs using cultural probes as well as documentary films. In his approach, he utilizes specialized cameras and audio recorders to analyze users’ experience to answer ambiguity, interpretation as well as design-led research. Ultimately, by creating it as an open-sourced, their goal is to build a resource for designers and researchers to utilize in their own studies
He is an elected member of the CHI Academy and so far he has published over 70 articles on research techniques, design and implementation of batch deployment, human computer interaction (HCI) and other topics.


Marchande

A marchande is a female street or country merchant or vendor who typically sold Creole cheeses, herbs, pastries, condiments, or jams. These women were common in south Louisiana until the turn of the 20th century. The marchande as a phenomenon became obsolete.


Alexander Struys

Alexander Theodore Honoré Struys (24 January 1852, Berchem – 25 March 1941, Uccle) was a Belgian genre and portrait painter in the Realistic style.
Biography.
His father (originally from Holland) was a master glass painter. At the age of six, he was already a student at the Academy of Dordrecht. Later, he was a student of Polydore Beaufaux and Jozef Van Lerius at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Antwerp). In 1871, he exhibited in Ghent and travelled with Jan Van Beers to France and England, where they attempted to sell their works, but barely made enough to get back home. His anti-clerical painting, "Birds of Prey" (or "God is Dead", in Dutch), created a scandal in 1876.
The year after, he was named a Professor at the Weimar Saxon-Grand Ducal Art School, following in the steps of his fellow Belgians, Charles Verlat (recently the school's Director) and Ferdinand Pauwels. One of his best-known students there was Christian Rohlfs. He remained in that position until 1882, when he moved to The Hague and worked as a portrait painter for two years, after which he went back to Belgium.
Working without a studio, he painted in the homes of the poor people he depicted. His work attracted much attention and praise in the more socially conscious publications of that time, and he became a close friend of Jakob Smits, who was also involved in social issues. Some less sympathetic commentators referred to him as the "painter of misery and pain".
He settled in Mechelen and became head of the Royal Drawing Academy there. In 1902, he joined the administrative commission for the ninth exhibition by the "Société des Beaux-Arts à Bruxelles" and, three years later, became Vice-President of the "Société Royale des Beaux-Arts". That same year, he also served on the committee charged with preparing the "Exposition Rétrospective de l'Art Belge"; part of the country's 75th anniversary celebrations. He was also a member of the Académie Royale de Belgique and the Institut de France.


Mikhail Lavrentyev

Mikhail Alekseevich Lavrentyev (or Lavrentiev, ) (November 19, 1900 – October 15, 1980) was a Soviet mathematician and hydrodynamicist.
Early years.
Lavrentiev was born in Kazan, where his father was an instructor at a college (he later became a professor at Kazan University, then Moscow University).
Lavrentiev entered Kazan University, and, when his family moved to Moscow in 1921, he transferred to the Department of Physics and Mathematics of Moscow University. He graduated in 1922. He continued his studies in the university in 1923-26 as a graduate student of Nikolai Luzin.
Although Luzin was alleged to plagiarize in science and indulge in anti-Sovietism by some of his students in 1936, Lavrentiev did not participate in the notorious political persecution of his teacher which is known as the Luzin case or Luzin affair. In fact Luzin was a friend of his father.
Mid career.
In 1927 Lavrentiev spent half a year in France, collaborating with French mathematicians, and upon returned took up a position with Moscow University. Later he became a member of the staff of the Steklov Institute. His main contributions relate to conformal mappings and partial differential equations. Mstislav Keldysh was one of his students.
In 1939 Alexander A. Bogomolets, the president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, asked Lavrentev become director of the Institute of Mathematics at Kyiv
One of Lavrentiev's scientific interests was the physics of explosive processes, in which he had become involved when doing defense work during World War II. A better understanding of the physics of explosions made it possible to use controlled explosions in construction, the best-known example being the construction of the Medeu Mudflow Control Dam outside of Almaty in Kazakhstan.
In Siberia.
Mikhail Lavrentiev was one of the main organizers and the first Chairman of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (in his time the Academy of Sciences of the USSR) from its founding in 1957 to 1975. The foundation of the Siberia's "Academic Town" Akademgorodok (now a district of Novosibirsk) remains his most widely known achievement.
Six months after the decision to found the Siberian Division of the USSR Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk State University was established. The Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR was signed January 9, 1958. From 1959 to 1966 he was a professor at Novosibirsk State University.
Lavrentyev was also a founder of the Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences which since 1980 has been named after Lavrentiev.
Lavrentiev was awarded the honorary title of Hero of the Socialist Labour, a Lenin Prize and USSR State Prize, and a Lomonosov Gold Medal. He was elected a member of several world-renowned academies, and an honorable citizen of Novosibirsk.
Mikhail A. Lavrentiev's son, also named Mikhail (Mikhail M. Lavrentiev, 1930-2010), also became a mathematician and was a member of the leadership of Akademgorodok.


Currier (surname)

Currier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:


Gerard Finneran


Gary Crittenden

Gary Lewis Crittenden (born 1953) is an American financial manager. He is currently an executive director of HGGC, where he also previously served as CEO and chairman. He is also the former chairman of Citi Holdings. He has served on the boards of Staples Inc., Ryerson, Inc., TJX Companies, and Utah Capital Investment Corp. From 2000 to 2007, Crittenden was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of American Express, and from March 2007 to March 2009, he was the chief financial officer of Citigroup.
Early life and education.
Crittenden was raised in Ogden, Utah. He was the student body president at Ogden High School in 1971. He served a two-year mission for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in Germany, and graduated from BYU's Marriott School of Management with a Bachelor of Science degree in management in 1976. He went on to earn an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1979.
Career.
Crittenden began his career as a consultant at Bain and Company where he worked on various strategic projects in the United States and Germany. Crittenden served as CFO and executive Vice President at Melville Corp. While at Melville, he was the architect of the breakup of the company that led a significant increase in share price as the company was split into three firms. He was the CFO of Sears Roebuck and Company from 1997 to 1998. He then served as the CFO of Monsanto Company from 1998 to 2000. At Monsanto, Crittenden led the efforts to acquire seed companies DeKalb Genetics Corporation, and the Delta and Pine Land Company. He also played a key role in the eventual sale of Monsanto to Pharmacia & Upjohn. Prior to joining Citigroup, Crittenden was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of American Express, as well as the head of the company's Global Network Services division.
In 2007, Crittenden joined Citigroup as CFO. At Citigroup, he led the reengineering effort that cut 75,000 jobs, reduced assets by around $500 billion, and helped guide the firm through the financial crisis. In 2010 Crittenden and the company settled claims of disclosure errors brought by the SEC, without admitting wrongdoing on the part of Crittenden, in connection with Citigroup's exposure to subprime mortgage assets.
In April 2012, Crittenden was named CEO of Huntsman Gay Global Capital. In his first year at HGGC, Crittenden oversaw the sale of the utilities services holding company Power Holdings to Kelso & Co. for $380 million. Prior to Crittenden's arrival, Huntsman Gay Global Capital created Power Holdings by acquiring several utilities services throughout the United States. In just over two years, Power Holdings grew from approximately 90 utility crews to more than 200 crews. Crittenden and HGGC completed the sale via the $1.1 billion Huntsman Gay Capital Partners Fund I LP.
In 2013, Crittenden became the chairman of Huntsman Gay Global Capital (HGGC) after co-founder Richard Lawson took over as chief executive. As chairman of HGCC, Crittenden oversaw the establishment of the firm's second vehicle, Fund II. Fund II will generally adhere to HGGC investment criteria such as revenues of $100 million or more, enterprise values of $100–500 million, and EBITDA of at least $15 million.
In December 2013, Crittenden oversaw the acquisition of Lucent Polymers by the HGGC company Citadel Plastics Holdings, a top global thermoplastics and thermoset resins compounder. The acquisition gave Citadel Plastics access to a portfolio of over 1,400 formulations and enhanced its position in the engineered resins sector. Crittenden heralded the acquisition as a prime example of growth via strategic acquisition and integration of successful, complementary businesses. According to Crittenden, Citadel Plastics will benefit greatly from the financial strength and blue-chip customer base of Lucent, as well as its numerous development initiatives. The Lucent acquisition was Citadel's seventh since 2007 and the 31st overall acquisition for HGGC.
Crittenden currently serves as the chairman of iQor, a global business process outsourcing services provider based in New York City. In January 2014, iQor acquired the aftermarket services business of Jabil Circuit, Inc. for $725 million.
Headquartered in St. Petersburg, Florida, Jabil Aftermarket Services stands as the top aftermarket services provider in industries such as consumer devices, mobility, telecommunications, medical devices, and computing. The transaction boosts iQor revenues to over $1.5 billion and increases its employee count to more than 31,000 individuals across 16 countries. According to Crittenden, the acquisition helps iQor's customers benefit from a "considerably larger global footprint and additional financial resources."
Crittenden has served on a number of corporate boards in his professional life, including Filene's Basement, where he was CFO early in his career, Wilson's Leather, Sears of Mexico and Sears Canada (where he was CFO of the parent company, Sears Roebuck and Company), Ryerson, Inc., TJX Companies (parent company to TJMaxx and Marshall's), Staples, and Primerica. Additionally, he is chairman of the board of the HGGC portfolio companies: Power Holdings, iQor, and Citadel.
Personal life.
Crittenden is married to the former Catherine Jean Cox and they have three children. He is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and served a two-year mission in Germany as a youth. He has served in several leadership positions in the church including bishop, stake president (of the Yorktown New York Stake), and area seventy. In 2017, Crittenden became managing director of the LDS Church's Missionary Department.


Richard Sackville (escheator)

Sir Richard Sackville (c. 150721 April 1566) of Ashburnham and Buckhurst in Sussex and Westenhanger in Kent; was an English administrator and Member of Parliament.
Family.
Richard Sackville was the eldest son of John Sackville (ca. 1484–1557) of Withyham and Chiddingly, Sussex, and his first wife, Margaret (d. ca. 1533), daughter of Sir William Boleyn of Blickling, and on his mother's side was cousin to Anne Boleyn.
Career.
He was under-treasurer of the exchequer, chancellor of the Court of Augmentations, Escheator of Surrey and Sussex in 1541–42 and was made custos rotulorum of Sussex in 1549 (till his death) and is the first listed Lord Lieutenant of that county from 1550 (till his death); he was also made steward of the archbishop of Canterbury's Sussex manors in 1554.
He was elected as MP for Chichester in 1547, for Sussex in March 1553, 1559 and 1563 and for Portsmouth in 1554. He was knighted by 1549.
When the Court of Augmentations was dissolved in January 1554, Sackville, at the time losing most of his other paid positions, retired to the life of a Sussex gentleman, serving as JP.
On the accession of Queen Elizabeth (her mother was his mother's cousin) his fortunes improved. He was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1559, holding the position until his death in 1566.
Marriage and issue.
In 1535 Sackville married Winifred (d. 1586), the daughter of Sir John Brydges [Bridges or Brugge] (ca. 1460–1530), (Lord Mayor of the City of London in 1520) and his wife Agnes Ayloffe, the daughter of Thomas Ayloffe. They had a son Thomas, a favourite of Elizabeth I, and a daughter Anne.After Richard Sackville's death his widow, Winifred before 30 September 1568, married John Paulet, 2nd Marquess of Winchester becoming his third wife, the marriage produced no issue.


Professional

A professional is a member of a profession or any person who earns a living from a specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. In addition, most professionals are subject to strict codes of conduct, enshrining rigorous ethical and moral obligations. Professional standards of practice and ethics for a particular field are typically agreed upon and maintained through widely recognized professional associations, such as the IEEE. Some definitions of "professional" limit this term to those professions that serve some important aspect of public interest and the general good of society.
In some cultures, the term is used as shorthand to describe a particular social stratum of well-educated workers who enjoy considerable work autonomy and who are commonly engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work.
Trades.
In narrow usage, not all expertise is considered a profession. Occupations such as skilled construction and maintenance work are more generally thought of as trades or crafts. The completion of an apprenticeship is generally associated with skilled labour, or trades such as carpenter, electrician, mason, painter, plumber and other similar occupations.
Theory.
Although professional training appears to be ideologically neutral, it may be biased towards those with higher class backgrounds and a formal education. In his 2000 book, "Disciplined Minds: A Critical Look at Salaried Professionals and the Soul-Battering System that Shapes Their Lives", Jeff Schmidt observes that qualified professionals are less creative and diverse in their opinions and habits than non-professionals, which he attributes to the subtle indoctrination and filtering which accompanies the process of professional training. His evidence is both qualitative and quantitative, including professional examinations, industry statistics and personal accounts of trainees and professionals.
A key theoretical dispute arises from the observation that established professions (e.g. lawyers, medical doctors, architects, civil engineers, surveyors) are subject to strict codes of conduct. Some have thus argued that these codes of conduct, agreed upon and maintained through widely recognized professional associations, are a key element of what constitutes any profession. Others have argued that strict codes of conduct and the professional associations that maintain them are merely a consequence of 'successful' professionalization, rather than an intrinsic element of the definition of professional(ism); this implies that a profession arises from the alignment between a shared purpose (connected to a 'greater good'), a body of knowledge, actual behavior in terms of actions and decisions, and expectations held by societal stakeholders.
Etymology.
The etymology and historical meaning of the term professional is from Middle English, from "profes", adjective, having professed one's vows, from Anglo-French, from Late Latin "professus", from Latin, past participle of "profitēri" to profess, confess, from pro- before + "fatēri" to acknowledge; in other senses, from Latin "professus", past participle. Thus, as people became more and more specialized in their trade, they began to 'profess' their skill to others, and 'vow' to perform their trade to the highest known standard. With a reputation to uphold, trusted workers of a society who have a specific trade are considered professionals. Ironically, the usage of the word 'profess' declined from the late 1800s to the 1950s, just as the term 'professional' was gaining popularity from 1900–2010. Notably, in American English the rise in popularity of the term 'professional' started at the beginning of the 20th century whereas in British English it started in the 1930s and grew fastest in the 1960s and 70s.


Terry Kroeger


Alex Fielding

Alex Fielding is an American engineer and manager. He is the CEO of Robotics company Ripcord, Inc.
Biography.
Alex Fielding started his career as an engineer at Cisco Systems and Apple Computer.
Shortly after departing Apple, he worked at Exodus Communications for Ellen Hancock. Exodus' CEO who was Apple's former CTO.
He co-founded Wheels of Zeus with Apple's co-founder Steve Wozniak in 2001. It was sold to Zontrak in 2006.
Alex Fielding became CEO of encryption products company Ripcord Networks in 2004 with former Apple CEO Gil Amelio, CTO, Hancock, and Wozniak on its board.
The company existed through about 2009 when its assets were purchased in an undisclosed transaction.
Ripcord announced $9.5 million in funding from Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, Lux Capital, Legend Star, and Steve Wozniak in March 2017. Ripcord is utilizing vision guided robotics, industrial automation, and advanced sensors to digitize paper records. Once digitized, Ripcord provides a software as a service records service called Ripcord Canopy. In February 2020, Ripcord announced it had raised a total of $120M in venture funding from CDK, Google Ventures, Kleiner Perkins, Icon Ventures, Lux, Baidu, SVB Capital, Legend Star, and Singularity.
He was Chief Technology Officer at Power Assure and then Vice President at Vigilent.
Alex Fielding is on the board of directors of ISKME, CodeWarrior Foundation, and California Women Empowering Women, CAWEW, a 501c3 non-profit. He is an advisor to TEDMED and TED WED. He is a donor to UNICEF. Alex Fielding is a former member of Mensa and SVASE. He has been a contributor on several patents including early work on inter-satellite routing. He is a contributing member of two NIST working groups on the Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP).


Dane Neller

Dane Joseph Neller (born April 30, 1956) is an American businessman and entrepreneur. He is best known for serving as chief executive of Dean & DeLuca, On Demand Books, and Shakespeare & Co.
Neller currently serves as CEO of New York-based bookstore chain Shakespeare & Co. and is its largest shareholder since purchasing the company in 2015. Under his leadership the company has added literary cafes and incorporated a point of sale state-of-the-art 3D book printing service that uses recycled paper and produces bookstore quality paperbacks through a patented technology. Neller is also the CEO of On Demand Books LLC, which uses the printing technology in its Espresso Book Machine, which was named on Time magazine's “Best Inventions of 2007” list.
Early life and education.
Born in Evanston, Illinois, and raised in Highland Park, Illinois, Neller attended Deerfield High School in nearby Deerfield, Illinois. He attended Yale University as a political science major and graduated in 1979 with membership in Phi Beta Kappa and a B.A. summa cum laude, additionally earning an M.A. in political science with honors in 1980. Neller then studied for an M. Litt. in philosophy at New College, Oxford, before returning to Yale, where he earned a JD from Yale Law School.
An accomplished tennis player, Neller was ranked 30th in the nation as a young junior. He played college tennis as an undergraduate and played number one on the Oxford University Lawn Tennis team.
Career.
Following graduation from Yale Law School, Neller began his career at Morgan Stanley as an investment banker (1984–1987). After Morgan Stanley, Neller held various investment banking and private equity positions before joining Dean & Deluca in 1995 as an owner and CEO, a position he held until 2005. He and his partner, board chairman Leslie Rudd, expanded the New York-based gourmet food store chain into a national and global franchise.
Neller sold his interest in Dean & Deluca in 2005 when he and Random House editorial director Jason Epstein founded On Demand Books. The patented Espresso Book Machine® (EBM) print-at-retail technology was developed and commercialized by On Demand Books, now owned by Shakespeare & Co. The machine can print perfect bound books in a few minutes at the point of sale. In 2015 Neller and partners purchased the last remaining U. S. Shakespeare & Co. store, a former chain. Under Neller's ownership the iconic store has been recreated as a new iteration that now includes a literary café and incorporates the EBM at the point of sale. The company aims to become a national chain. At this point, there are three Shakespeare bookstores, two in Manhattan and one in Rittenhouse Square in Philadelphia. With access to millions of titles, the machine can print paperbacks in minutes while a customer waits. It is also a vehicle for self-publishing.
Awards.
Neller and partner Jason Epstein won the 2011 Creative Disruptor Award for the Espresso Book Machine technology.
Philanthropy.
Neller serves on the board of trustees for New York City's Hunter College.


Adam Orth


James Attwood

James Albert Attwood Jr. is an American businessman. He serves as a managing director of The Carlyle Group and chairman of Nielsen Holdings PLC. He is a former investment banker at Goldman Sachs and EVP of Verizon Communications. He was a major donor to Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign.
Education.
Attwood graduated "summa cum laude" from Yale University where he earned a BA in Applied Mathematics and a MA in Statistics in 1980. He then attended Harvard University, and earned a J.D. from Harvard Law School and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School in 1984.
Career.
Attwood started his career as an investment banker for Goldman Sachs, where he worked in New York City and Tokyo for eleven years. He subsequently served as the Executive Vice President for Strategy, Development and Planning for Verizon Communications and the GTE Corporation for four years. He joined The Carlyle Group in 2000, where he is a managing director and formerly served as Head of the Global Telecommunications, Media, and Technology Group and Managing Director through 2017.
Attwood joined the board of directors of Nielsen Holdings in 2006 and was appointed its chairman in 2016. He has served on the board of directors of CoreSite since September 2010. He also serves as chairman of the board of directors of Syniverse.
Attwood joined the Dean's Advisory Board for Harvard Law School in 2000. He currently serves as chair of the Caramoor Center for Music and the Arts in Katonah, New York.
Political activity.
Attwood donated to Correct the Record, a Super PAC which supports Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign. He also donated to Priorities USA Action, another pro-Hillary Clinton Super PAC, in 2016, as well as to the Hillary Victory Fund and Hillary for America.
Personal life.
Attwood and his wife, Leslie Kim Williams, met at Harvard Law School, where they both graduated in the class of 1984. They have one daughter, Samantha Kim Attwood. They reside in Bedford Hills, New York and Martha's Vineyard.


Butcher (surname)

Butcher is a common family name in England but it may have French origins. It was originally an occupational surname used to identify a person who worked as a butcher. The name derived from the Old English word "boucher" or the Old French word "bouchier". Residents of the French area of Boursières, or their descendants, may have also adopted the surname Butcher.
People with the surname Butcher.
Fictional individuals named Butcher.
"EastEnders".
Several characters from the soap opera "EastEnders" have the surname Butcher.


Bodner

Bodner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:


Market-entry consultant

Market-entry consultants provide consultancy services to private companies, corporations or government / non-profit organizations for solving various business problems related to commencing sales/manufacturing/outsourcing operations in a new market / geographical territory. This includes, but is not limited to services like:
It is common for trade associations / diplomatic missions of heavily export oriented countries to provide market-entry consultancy services to companies / organizations (belonging to their origin country) from their global offices.


Gideon Yu

Gideon Lee Yu (born May 14, 1971) is a Korean-American technology, media and sports investor, executive and advisor.
Yu is currently a co-owner of the San Francisco 49ers football team. He was previously the team president. In 2012, Yu became the first president of color in the history of the National Football League. Prior to his career in professional sports management, Yu was a high-technology executive, most notably as the chief financial officer of both Facebook and YouTube as well as the senior vice president and treasurer of Yahoo.
Career.
Yu graduated from the University School of Nashville in 1989, where he was student body president and received the Distinguished Alumnus Award in 2011. He then attended Stanford University, majoring in Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management and received his MBA from Harvard Business School. In 1989, he received the First Place Grand Award in Environmental Science at the 40th International Science and Engineering Fair.
In his time with the 49ers, Yu led the team's efforts in financing Levi's Stadium, including securing an $850 million stadium construction loan, the largest ever in professional sports, a $200 million financing package from the NFL and the largest long-term stadium financing in NFL history. Yu also directed the 49ers drive to accelerate the opening date of Levi's Stadium from the 2015 to 2014 season. Perhaps the most notable distinction during Yu's tenure at the San Francisco 49ers, however, is that he is the first president of color of any team in the history of the National Football League.
Prior to joining the San Francisco 49ers football team, Yu was a General Partner at Khosla Ventures, where he led the firm's investment in Square and was the founding outside board member (Yu's board seat was later transferred to Vinod Khosla).
Previously, Yu was the chief financial officer of Facebook. Upon Yu's hiring, Facebook's founder, Mark Zuckerberg, speaking with the Wall Street Journal, said: "I consider it kind of a coup that we were able to recruit him here.” Yu led the $375 million investment round from Microsoft and Hong-Kong billionaire Li Ka Shing at a then record $15 billion valuation. Zuckerberg further noted to the Wall Street Journal about Yu, “He's just excellent.”
Before Facebook, Yu was a partner at Sequoia Capital, and was also the chief financial officer at YouTube where he negotiated its $1.65 billion sale to Google amidst a competitive auction for the company.
Prior to YouTube, Yu was the treasurer and senior vice president of Finance for Yahoo where he executed over 30 acquisitions/investments for Yahoo, including Alibaba, Taobao, Overture, Inktomi, Flickr, del.icio.us and over $5 billion of capital markets transactions. Prior to Yahoo, Yu was the chief financial officer of NightFire Software (acquired by NeuStar, NYSE: NSR) and held positions at Disney, Hilton, and DLJ / CSFB.
Philanthropy.
Yu serves on the board of trustees of the Monterey Bay Aquarium and the board of directors of Tipping Point Community. Yu is also active philanthropically at his alma mater, Stanford University, where he "made a significant commitment to undergraduate scholarships" and "is volunteering as a member of the School of Engineering Advisory Council and the School of Earth Sciences Task Force." He previously served on the boards of directors of the UCSF Medical Foundation, and BUILD.