Morgan Wandell

Morgan Wandell is an American media executive and producer. He is the head of international content development for Apple TV+. A "veteran of the streaming revolution," he previously held senior creative positions at Amazon, ABC, and Touchstone. His credits include "The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel", "The Man in the High Castle", Tom Clancy's "Jack Ryan," "Ugly Betty", "Criminal Minds", "Grey’s Anatomy", "Goliath" and "Tehran."
Early life and education.
Morgan Wandell was born in Fort Wayne, Indiana to Jeffrey and Charlotte Wandell. Along with his brother, Michael, he grew up in Champaign, Illinois, graduating from Centennial High School in 1989. He was the senior class president and a member of the competitive swim team at Centennial.
Wandell attended Claremont McKenna College where he graduated cum laude with a degree in economics in 1993. During the summer between his junior and senior year, he interned for Channel One News.
Career.
Following his graduation, Wandell was hired by Channel One News, where he wrote, produced, and directed news features and series for a daily newscast. In 1996, he landed a creative executive role at Disney’s Touchstone Studios. At Touchstone, he managed primetime series and supervised the development slate of producers such as Jerry Bruckheimer, David Hoberman, and Peter Tolan. His shows included "Boy Meets World" and "Home Improvement" as well as Ryan Murphy’s first series, "Popular", for the WB. The "Home Improvement" writers named the fictitious network executive who cancelled "Tool Time" -- the show within the show -- Morgan Wandell. ("There's no project...If you have any complaints about that, you might want to email Morgan Wandell at big-fat-zero-dot-com.")
In the late 90s, Touchstone was merged with ABC Studios, and in the wake of the merger, Wandell decided to pursue his interest developing streaming video programming. In August 1999 he was named VP of Development at DEN, a precursor to modern streaming services that "lead the convergence of Hollywood and Silicon Valley, as it worked to create a new TV-style entertainment medium delivered on the Internet."
. While at DEN, he supervised DEN's entertainment-based programming, oversaw the development and production of nonfiction video and animation, and helped to restructure the production operations and reduce its expenses.
In March 2000, DEN CEO Jim Ritts left the company to become CEO of Channel One, and recruited Wandell to return to Channel One as its head of programming. He was promoted to president of programming the following year. There Wandell oversaw production of a daily newscast for 8 million young people and expanded its capabilities into production commitments with other outside networks, including the MTV documentary series" Breaking It Down" with Serena Altschul, the 9/11 special "The Day It All Changed " for the WB, and investigative features on ABC News’ "Nightline" on underground Christian churches in China.
In 2004, Wandell was appointed senior vice president, drama at ABC Studios. Over the next four years he developed series including "Ugly Betty", "Private Practice", "Criminal Minds", and "Ghost Whisperer", and helped to launch "Desperate Housewives" and "Grey's Anatomy." While Wandell was at ABC, the studio went from producing one returning drama to 17. In 2008, producer Greg Berlanti recruited him to run Berlanti Television, which produced shows such as "Brothers and Sisters, Eli Stone, Dirty Sexy Money", and "No Ordinary Family".
In 2013, Wandell was named head of drama development at Amazon. There, in addition to "The Man in the High Tower", Wandell helped to develop David E. Kelley's "Goliath", starring Billy Bob Thornton; Amy Sherman-Palladino's "The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel", Tom Clancy's "Jack Ryan", He was promoted to Head of International Series in 2016. "Sneaky Pete", the anthology series "Electric Dreams", "Patriot", a cult hit, and the limited series "A Very English Scandal". He was promoted to head of international series in 2016 as Prime Video expanded into more than 200 territories, working on co-productions such as "The Widow" with Kate Beckinsdale (UK)," and a slate of originals such as "Breathe, El Candito" (produced in Mexico), and "Inside Edge, Made In Heaven, Mirzapur" and "The Family Man" (made in India).
In October 2017 Apple launched its video subscription service—later called Apple TV+—and Wandell was appointed head of international content. In October 2020, it was announced that Apple had greenlit "Masters of the Air," an international WWII television series by Steven Spielberg's Amblin Television and Tom Hanks' Playtone. It was the first series in which Apple served as the studio. As of December 2020, the international programming slate also included "Shantaram", "Pachinko" and "Losing Alice."
Personal life.
Wandell and his wife, Francine Li, were married in September 2018. He serves on the Friends of the Saban Community Clinic Board of Directors.


Jean-Yves Bouguet

Jean-Yves Bouguet Ph.D. was a member of the Computer Vision Research Group in the Department of Electrical Engineering at the California Institute of Technology, having graduated from the École Supérieure d'Ingénieurs en Électronique et Électrotechnique. Bouguet developed and holds a patent for a new method for 3D scanning based on dual-space geometry.
From 1997 until 2007, Bouguet worked at Intel Research where he contributed camera calibration ideas to the Open Source Computer Vision Library (OpenCV), based on his Matlab toolkit that he developed at Caltech. In 2007 he joined [[Google]] as senior software engineer working in their [[Street View]] group.
External links.
[[Category:California Institute of Technology faculty]]
[[Category:Google employees]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]


Diane Bryant

Diane Bryant is as an independent director and member of the compensation committee at Broadcom Inc. Prior, she was the chief operating officer of the Google Cloud Platform and she previously served as the group president of Intel's data center group.
Career.
After graduating from college, Bryant began working at Intel in 1985. In her final role at Intel, she led the data center group. In this role she helped the company to become a significant supplier of chips to corporate clients such as Amazon AWS, when previously Intel had primarily sold chips directly to consumers. Before leading the data center group, Bryant was the chief information officer of Intel.
In May 2017, she left her role at Intel in what was described as a temporary departure. However, on November 30, 2017, Google announced that Bryant would be joining Google Cloud as chief operating officer, and Intel announced her retirement effective December 1, 2017. In July 2018, Google announced that she had left the company.
Bryant is a member of the board of United Technologies.
Bryant was named among "Fortune’s" 50 Most Powerful Women in Business in 2015 and 2016. Also in 2016, "World Affairs" honored Bryant as a part of its Global Philanthropy Forum. "Business Insider" ranked Bryant #32 in their 2016 list of "Silicon Valley 100" and she was #6 in their 2018 list of the "most powerful female engineers".
On January 14, 2019, Bryant was named member of the board of Broadcom Inc.
Bryant has served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of NovaSignal Corporation since January 2020.
Personal life.
Diane was born and raised in Fair Oaks, California. Upon graduating from high school, Bryant took classes at American River College. She then transferred to the University of California, Davis where she graduated with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering in 1985.


Brian McClendon

Brian McClendon (born 1964) is an American software executive, engineer, and inventor. He was a co-founder and angel investor in Keyhole, Inc., a geospatial data visualization company that was purchased by Google in 2004 to produce Google Earth. Keyhole itself was spun off from another company called Intrinsic Graphics, of which McClendon was also a co-founder. He was inducted into the National Academy of Engineering in 2015.
Early life.
McClendon grew up in Lawrence, Kansas. His childhood home, Meadowbrook Apartments in Lawrence, is the default center point of Google Earth. He graduated from Lawrence High School in 1982 and from the University of Kansas in 1986 with a degree in electrical engineering.
Career.
Technology.
McClendon spent eight years with Silicon Graphics developing high-end workstation 3D graphics including GT, GTX, RealityEngine, and InfiniteReality, and then was Engineering Director with @Home Network.
In 2001 he was one of the original investors in Keyhole, Inc., a software development company specializing in geospatial data visualization applications. He later joined the company as a vice-president of engineering. He was also a board member.
McClendon joined Google as an Engineering Director in 2004 when Keyhole was purchased. He was later promoted to Vice President of Geo. Keyhole's main application suite, Earth Viewer, formed the basis of Google Earth.
He left Google to join Uber in June 2015 to work on mapping. Although living in California, he maintained close ties with his alma mater, the University of Kansas, serving on advisory boards for both the School of Engineering and the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. He and his wife Beth Ellyn McClendon established the McClendon Engineering Scholarship at the university in 2007, donated computer tablets for electrical engineering and computer science students, and provided a Google Liquid Galaxy interactive display at the University's Eaton Hall. In 2013, he served as Grand Marshal of the University's homecoming parade.
In March 2017, he resigned from Uber (though remaining as an adviser) to return to his hometown, indicating an interest in Kansas politics.
He currently serves as a research professor at the University of Kansas, having received an honorary doctorate in electrical engineering from the university in 2015. His research subjects include machine learning, autonomous vehicles, and world-scale mapping.
Politics.
In January 2018, he announced his intention to run for Kansas Secretary of State as a Democrat. He ran unopposed in the primary election and was selected as the Democratic candidate. He was defeated in the general election by the Republican candidate Scott Schwab.
Awards and recognitions.
McClendon received an honorary doctorate from his alma mater, the University of Kansas, "for outstanding contributions to the fields of electrical engineering and computer science." He has been recognized by the United Nations as a "Champion of the Earth", which is its top environmental prize, "for harnessing the power of technology to support conservation and green economic development."
McClendon holds twenty one issued patents, including nine relating to KML, the XML-based language schema for expressing geographic annotation and visualization in two-dimensional maps and three-dimensional Earth browsers. KML became an open standard for GIS data in 2008.


Construction News

Construction News is a monthly publication, plus digital and events services, primarily targeting the United Kingdom construction industry.
History.
Early history.
The magazine was first published as "Labour News" on 30 August 1871, having been founded by Victorian reformer Alsager Hay Hill to try to ease the blight of unemployment by printing information about job vacancies. It became "Construction and Labour News" on 14 March 1963, and just over a year later (9 April 1964) was first published under its current title.
Emap.
Prior to its acquisition for £7.6m by Emap in August 1995, "Construction News" and its related media interests was owned by the Thomson Corporation. At that time, the publication had a paid-for circulation of 30,000 and had a 1994 turnover of £4.0m.
At its peak "Construction News" had a weekly print circulation of 42,000. According to ABC (Audit Bureau of Circulations), the magazine's circulation for the year ending 30 June 2013, was 9,110. In the year to June 2015, this figure was 7,926.
"Construction News"' website, CNplus, was launched in 2002, and in December 2015 changed its domain name to constructionnews.co.uk.
The title's digital publishing and event activities have gradually expanded. In 1997 "CN" launched the Quality in Construction Awards, which were renamed the Construction News Awards in 2011. In 2014 it was named Best Awards Event at the annual Conference Awards, judges commenting that “what really comes across is the in-depth knowledge of what suits the market these awards serve”.
In 2004 "CN" extended its events portfolio with the Specialists Awards to recognise specialist contractors and subcontractors.
The Construction News Summit launched in 2013 to provide a forecasting and networking event for the industry, with the first summit featuring former chancellor Alistair Darling and then planning minister Nick Boles.
In March 2012, "CN's" parent company rebranded as Top Right Group, but retained the Emap name for its magazines operation, which at the time accounted for around 18 percent of the group's turnover.
In October 2015 Top Right Group announced plans to scrap the Emap brand and to stop producing print editions so that, over the next 12–18 months, all titles, including "Construction News", would become digital only. However, this plan was subsequently put on hold and "Construction News" continues to produce print editions.
Change of owner.
In December 2015 Top Right Group rebranded as Ascential who, in January 2017, announced its intention to sell 13 titles including "Construction News"; the 13 "heritage titles" were to be "hived off into a separate business while buyers are sought." The brands were purchased by Metropolis International Ltd (owner of the "Property Week" title since 2013) in a £23.5m cash deal, announced on 1 June 2017.
In July 2019, Lem Bingley succeeded Tom Fitzpatrick as editor of "Construction News".


Richard Menschel

Richard Menschel (born c. 1935) is an American investment banker, art collector and philanthropist. He is a (retired) senior director of Goldman Sachs. Through the Charina Endowment Fund and the Charina Foundation, he supports art museums, schools and health charities. He won the 2015 Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy.
Early life.
Richard Menschel was born circa 1935. His father, Benjamin Menschel, was a real estate investor. He has a brother, Robert Menschel, who also works for Goldman Sachs.
Menschel was educated at the Bronx High School of Science. He graduated from Syracuse University, and he earned a master in business administration from the Harvard Business School in 1959. He was a lieutenant in the United States Air Force.
Business career.
Menschel worked at Goldman Sachs for 25 years. He was a partner by the mid-1970s, and served on its management committee. He retired as senior director in 1988. When Goldman Sachs became a public company in 1999, Menschel earned $20 million in shares.
Menschel also served on the board of directors of T. Rowe Price.
Philanthropy and political activity.
Menschel was the managing director of the Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation, which became the Charina Endowment Fund in 1992. Through the Charina Endowment Fund, he has donated over $13 million. With his wife, Menschel also donates $1 million via the Charina Foundation. He has supported art museums like the Museum of Modern Art, the Jewish Museum and the Neue Galerie New York, and schools like Rockefeller University and the New York Law School. He also endowed the Horace W. Goldsmith Fellowship at the Harvard Business School and donated to the HBS Social Enterprise Initiative. He was the chairman of Hospital for Special Surgery, and he has donated to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and the NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital. He is a vice president of the board of trustees of the Morgan Library & Museum. He was appointed to the New York City Panel for Educational Policy by mayor Michael Bloomberg in 2002.
With his brother Robert, Menschel received the Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy in 2015. They are also large donors to the Democratic Party.
Personal life.
Menschel married Ronay Arlt, then an assistant to Congressman Ed Koch and now the chairman of Phipps Houses. Their wedding was held at Menshel's mother's house, presided over by Rabbi Ronald B. Sobel of the Temple Emanu-El of New York. They have three daughters, including Sabina Menschel, who is married to E. W. Priestap, former assistant director of the FBI Counterintelligence Division.
Menschel is also an art collector.


John Shewchuk

John Shewchuk is an American technologist and executive. Shewchuk is a Microsoft Technical Fellow, a position which he was chosen for by Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates. He is the Host of the Decoded Show. Shewchuk is the founder of the .NET Services team and he was responsible for creating Azure AD.
Career.
In 1993 Shewchuk joined Microsoft as Group Program Manager, and he then served as Software Engineer and Distinguished Engineer. Today he serves as the Head of Commercial Software Engineering team at Microsoft, focusing on building a third-party application ecosystem
Education.
Shewchuk received his bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from Union College and his master's degree in Computer Science from Brown University.
Decoded Show.
In 2016 host John Shewchuk and Executive Producer David Mendlen introduced the Decoded Show. The show offers regular insight into developer focused topics with interesting people from the industry. The Decoded Show has hosted speakers including actor Kevin Hart


Cecil Harcourt Smith

Sir Cecil Harcourt-Smith (1859–1944) was a British archaeologist and museum director. He was Keeper of Greek and Roman Antiquities at the British Museum from 1904 to 1909, and Director of the Victoria and Albert Museum from 1909 to 1924.
Early years.
Born on 11 September 1859 in Staines, Middlesex, he was the second son of William Smith, solicitor, and his wife, Harriet, daughter of Frederic Harcourt, of Ipswich. He attended Winchester College (1873–78) as a scholar. In 1879 he joined the department of Roman and Greek antiquities in the British Museum. He soon became known as a rising archaeologist, and in 1887 was a founder editor and contributor to the "Classical Review".
In 1887 he was attached to the diplomatic mission in Persia. In 1892 he married Alice Edith, daughter of H. W. Watson of Burnopfield, Co. Durham. They had two sons, Simon and Gilbert.
From 1895 to 1897 he was granted special leave to take up the directorship of the British School in Athens. The school had just received an annual grant from the Treasury and was able to extend its activities. Harcourt-Smith enhanced the prestige of the school and instituted its "Annual". He also began the school's excavations in the island of Melos, which contributed much to the knowledge of Aegean civilisations. While in Athens, Harcourt-Smith was promoted to assistant keeper of his department at the British Museum. From 1904 to 1908, he was Keeper of Greece and Rome Antiquities.
Director and Secretary of the Victoria and Albert Museum.
In 1908 Harcourt-Smith became chairman of a commission of the Victoria and Albert Museum, set up to look into the collections of applied art at South Kensington that had been purchased by the government after the Great Exhibition of 1851. His report was so highly approved of that he was offered the post of director and secretary under the new organization, and in 1909 he accepted the appointment. The newly completed building gave scope for a more orderly display of the collections; the administration of the museum and its staff was set upon more modern lines, and the objects were grouped according to their material rather than, as in many great museums, by nationality or period. This method of grouping objects lasted until the evacuation of 1939 when they were grouped chronologically by Sir Leigh Ashton.
Harcourt-Smith remained at the Victoria and Albert Museum until his retirement in 1924. During this time he introduced many improvements. He raised the status of the technical staff and negotiated for them the same rank and pay as the officials of the British Museum. He added students' rooms to all departments, and a steady stream of catalogues and guides was begun. Official guide lecturers were instituted and sponsored special exhibitions such as the Franco-British Exhibition of 1921 were introduced. It was under his directorship that the museum acquired the Salting collection, the Rodin sculptures (now transferred to the Tate Gallery), the Talbot Hughes collection of costumes, the Alma Tadema library, the Le Blon Korean pottery and the Pierpont Morgan stained glass.
Other offices.
A year after his retirement Harcourt-Smith was appointed advisor for the Royal Art Collections and from 1928 until 1936 he was also Surveyor of the Royal Works of Art. He played a leading part in the foundation of the Central Committee for the Care of Churches, he was chairman of the committee of the Incorporated Church Building Society, and vice-chairman of the British Institute of Industrial Art and the British Society of Master Glass Painters. He was also vice-president of the Hellenic Society, president of the Society of Civil Servants and British representative on the International Office of Museums. He was an honorary member of the British Drama League and an honorary associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
As well as contributing to many of the British Museum departmental catalogues, he wrote for the art journals and also published a number of monographs: "The Collection of J. Pierpont Morgan" (1913), "The Art Treasures of the Nation" (1929), and "The Society of the Dilettanti: its Regalia and Pictures" (1932).
Smith was knighted in 1909, appointed CVO in 1917, and advanced to KCVO in 1934. He died on 27 March 1944 at age 84.


Stephen Glanville

Stephen Ranulph Kingdon Glanville, MBE (26 April 1900 – 26 April 1956) was an English historian and egyptologist.
Biography.
S R K Glanville was born in Westminster, London, the eldest son of Stephen James Glanville and Nannie Elizabeth (née Kingdon). He was first cousin to Frank Kingdon-Ward the explorer and botanist and also related to William Kingdon Clifford the mathematician. He was educated at Marlborough and at Lincoln College, Oxford, where he read Modern History. He gained his BA in 1922 and his MA in 1926.
He worked for the Egyptian Government Service in 1922 before joining the Egypt Exploration Society expedition to el-Amarna in 1923. Glanville studied Egyptology under Francis Llewellyn Griffith and was appointed Assistant in the Department of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities at the British Museum in 1924. Glanville excavated again at el-Amarna in 1925, and at Armant in 1928. In 1925 he married Ethel Mary Chubb.
He was Laycock Student of Egyptology at Worcester College, Oxford, between 1929-1935 and Reader in Egyptology from 1933–1935. Sir Flinders Petrie having retired, Glanville was appointed Edwards Professor of Egyptian Archaeology and Philology at University College London in 1935, holding the chair until 1946.
The first volume of his catalogue of demotic papyri in the British museum was published in 1939 and the last volume only a fortnight before his death. Though primarily a demotist, he was also a first class archaeologist with a rare feeling for antiquities.
Royal Institution Christmas Lectures for children in 1929-30 theme "How things were done in ancient Egypt". Elaborated into a book, "Daily life in ancient Egypt".
1933 - 1935 he was a reader in Egyptology in the University of London. In 1935 elected Edwards Professor of Egyptology at University College, and a fellow of the British Academy in 1946.
During the Second World War, Glanville served with the Royal Air Force (Air Staff). He reached the rank of Wing Commander, and was awarded the M.B.E. and Czechoslovak, Dutch, and Yugoslav orders.
Returning to academic life, Glanville was a fellow, 1946–54. In 1954, he "became the first Oxford man to become provost of King's College (Cambridge), a position to which he was unanimously elected in 1954.". Moreover, he was Sir Herbert Thompson Professor of Egyptology at the University of Cambridge from 1946 until his death in Cambridge on his 56th birthday, 26 April 1956.
He was Honorary Secretary, 1928–31 and 1933–6, and Chairman of Committee, 1951–6, of the Egypt Exploration Society.
The Herbert Thompson chair of Egyptology was created in 1946 particularly to cover Demotic and Coptic studies for which SRKG had established an unequalled reputation. He was therefore the obvious choice for the first holder.
He was editor of "The Legacy of Egypt", one of the Clarendon "Legacy" series, and besides his "Growth and Nature of Egyptology" which was published in 1947, wrote a large number of essays and papers.
He died in Cambridge, England, on his 56th birthday, and is buried in Grantchester Parish Churchyard.
Relationship with the Mallowans.
Glanville was a close friend of the archaeologist Max Mallowan and his wife Agatha Christie. He was in service with Mallowan during WWII. Glanville was the source and inspiration for at least two of Christie's works, the historic mystery" Death Comes as the End", and a play, "Akhnaton". Both of these works are set in ancient Egypt, and Christie herself acknowledged in her that neither of these works would have been possible without Glanville.
Publications.
This is by no means a complete list.
Publication date unknown: Glanville S.R.K. and Faulkner, R. O., Catalogue of Egyptian Antiquities in The British Museum II: Wooden Model Boats. Trustees of The British Museum, London 1972.


David Wise (composer)

David Wise is an English video game music composer and musician. He was a composer at Rare from 1985 to 2009, and was the company's sole musician up until 1994. He has gained a following for his work on various games, particularly Nintendo's "Donkey Kong Country" series. Wise is known for his atmospheric style of music, mixing natural environmental sounds with prominent melodic and percussive accompaniment.
Career and influences.
Wise has said that he has had a wide range of musical influences, though the first instrument he learned to play was the piano, before later learning the trumpet, and then learning to play drums during adolescence. He played in a few bands during his youth, and was still active in a band as of 2004. His career at Rare began when he happened to meet its two founders, as he explained in response to a question posted on its company website: "I was working in a music shop demonstrating a Yamaha CX5 Music Computer to a couple of people, Tim & Chris Stamper. I'd written and programmed the music for the demonstration material. They offered me a job."
While working at Rare, Wise soon gained wide attention and acclaim for his work on the "Donkey Kong Country" game series. In addition to the percussive and ambient 'jungle' influences that serve as a thematic undercurrent for much of the series, the games feature a wide variety of different musical styles that are reflective of the various areas and environments they appear in. In the January 1996 issue of "Electronic Gaming Monthly", Wise stated that his travelling experiences largely shaped the sound and mood of each Donkey Kong soundtrack, further saying that the music for ' was composed during what he called his "experimental Paris phase". He has also composed the soundtrack for the Game Boy Advance port of '.
In late October 2009, it was announced by the OverClocked ReMix community that Wise was remixing a track for Serious Monkey Business, an unofficial "Donkey Kong Country 2" remix album. Grant Kirkhope and Robin Beanland also collaborated on this track, playing guitar and trumpet respectively. On 15 March 2010, Serious Monkey Business was released and Dave Wise's track, 'Re-Skewed', was featured as Track No. 33. Much like his contribution to Serious Monkey Business, Wise later remixed his own composition, the GBA version of "Jungle Jitter", for an unofficial "Donkey Kong Country 3" remix album titled "Double the Trouble!", which was released on 1 December 2012. Wise also provided a saxophone solo for another remix, in addition to mixing and mastering the track.
On 14 November 2009, Wise announced his resignation from Rare, feeling as though the company has "changed a great deal" and there was no longer an opportunity to create music tracks that Rare is most known for. In December 2010 Wise created a personal studio called the 'David Wise Sound Studio'. In June 2013, it was announced that he would be composing for "," after receiving a call from Retro Studios president Michael Kelbaugh, who previously worked at Rare. Wise also composed for "Yooka-Laylee" along with Kirkhope and Steve Burke.


Ellen Siminoff

Ellen Siminoff (b. 1967, Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is an entrepreneur and investor. Frequently quoted in "The New York Times" as an Internet industry commentator, Siminoff was named one of "Forbes" magazine's Masters of Information in 2005.
Along with her husband, David Siminoff, Ellen is co-founder and former Chief Executive Officer of Shmoop.
Life and education.
Siminoff obtained a BA in Economics from Princeton University and an MBA from Stanford University, where she met her husband David Siminoff while they were students at the Stanford Graduate School of Business.
Career.
Yahoo!
Siminoff was a founding executive at Yahoo!, working at the company from 1996 to 2002. She started by running corporate and business development, running mergers and acquisitions after the departure of J. J. Healy. Later Siminoff moved to Senior Vice President of Entertainment and Small Business, with Toby Coppel and Jeff Weiner taking over corporate development. Six months later, Yahoo announced on April 13 2002 that Siminoff decided to leave the company in order to spend more time with family, and would stay through until the end of the year. Her departure was part of a high-profile exodus of Yahoo executives, including CEO Timothy Koogle, CFO Gary Valenzuela, sales chief Anil Singh, head of international operations Heather Killen, and marketing head Karen Edwards.
Efficient Frontier.
Siminoff was former chairman and CEO of Efficient Frontier. On July 2006 Bloomberg Businessweek noted that Efficient Frontier was the largest buyer of search advertising keywords on Google, and on March 2008 "Silicon Alley Insider" named Efficient Frontier one of the 25 most valuable privately held companies in Silicon Valley, valued at an estimated $275 million. Adobe Inc. bought Efficient Frontier for $400 million in 2012.
Mozilla.
On March 24, 2014, Siminoff and two other board members of the Mozilla Corporation resigned from the board in advance of Brendan Eich's appointment as CEO of Mozilla. Eich was noted for his donation of $1,000 to California Proposition 8, which called for the banning of same-sex marriage in California. Eich resigned from Mozilla 11 days later, on April 3, 2014.
Other board positions.
Siminoff sits on the board of directors for Journal Media Group, U.S. Auto Parts, and Zynga. Siminoff formerly was a board member at SolarWinds.


Vladimir Syromyatnikov

Vladimir Sergeevich Syromyatnikov (January 7, 1933 - September 19, 2006) was a Soviet and Russian space scientist best known for designing docking mechanisms for manned spacecraft; it was his Androgynous Peripheral Attach System which, in the 1970s, linked the Soviet and American space capsules in the Apollo-Soyuz test flight.
Syromyatnikov also helped design and develop Vostok, the world's first manned spacecraft, which launched Yuri Gagarin into space in 1961.
In the 1990s, he updated the design of his docking mechanism for the meeting of the Mir space station and the Atlantis space shuttle. Syromyatnikov's designs are still used by spacecraft visiting the International Space Station.


Stanley Robinson (numismatist)

Sir Edward Stanley Gotch Robinson, FBA (1887–1976), usually known as (Sir) Stanley Robinson, was a numismatist, specializing in Greek and Roman coins. He was Keeper of the Department of Coins and Medals at the British Museum.
Biography.
Robinson studied at Clifton College, Bristol, and Christ Church, Oxford. He joined the British School in Athens, 1910–11, and then the Department of Coins and Medals at the British Museum in 1912. He enlisted in the army in 1914, but was wounded in combat in France, and, after a stint at the Home Office, returned to the British Museum, eventually becoming Deputy Keeper in 1936, and Keeper (Head) of the Department, 1949–52. He was then appointed Reader in Numismatics, at the University of Oxford, and advised art collector Calouste Gulbenkian on his numismatic collection. He retired in 1955, but continued to advise in the Heberden Coin Room at the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, to which he endowed his own collection in 1964. The ESG Robinson Trust continues to support numismatics.
He married Pamela Horsley in 1917.
Selected publications.
For a complete list of publications, see "Bibliography of Stanley Robinson's works 1914–1966" in Colin M. Kraay and G. Kenneth Jenkins (eds), Essays in Greek Coinage Presented to Stanley Robinson (Oxford: Clarendon Press), 1968, pp. 259–263.


Cabrera (surname)

Cabrera is a Spanish surname. It is the feminine form of "cabrero", meaning goatherd. Notable people with the surname include:


Kim Davis

Kimberly Jean Davis (; born September 17, 1965) is a former county clerk for Rowan County, Kentucky, who gained international attention in August 2015 when she defied a U.S. federal court order to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples. She was defeated by Democratic challenger Elwood Caudill Jr. in the November 6, 2018, election and vacated the office on January 7, 2019.
Davis was elected Rowan County Clerk in 2014. The following year, the Supreme Court decided "Obergefell v. Hodges", and all county clerks in Kentucky were ordered to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples. Citing personal religious objections to same-sex marriage, Davis began denying marriage licenses to all couples to avoid issuing them to same-sex couples. A lawsuit, "Miller v. Davis", was filed, and Davis was ordered by the U.S. District Court to start issuing marriage licenses. She appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, but the application to appeal was denied. Davis continued to defy the court order by refusing to issue marriage licenses "under God's authority"; she was ultimately jailed for contempt of court. Davis was released after five days in jail under the condition that she not interfere with the efforts of her deputy clerks, who had begun issuing marriage licenses to all couples in her absence. Davis then modified the Kentucky marriage licenses used in her office so that they no longer mentioned her name.
Davis's actions drew strong and mixed reactions from prominent politicians, legal experts, and religious leaders. Attorney and author Roberta A. Kaplan described Davis as "the clearest example of someone who wants to use a religious liberty argument to discriminate", while law professor Eugene Volokh maintained that an employer must try to accommodate religious employees' beliefs. Republican presidential candidate Mike Huckabee said that Davis's imprisonment was part of the "criminalization of Christianity", while "Washington Post" columnist Jennifer Rubin compared Davis's refusal to obey the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court to Alabama Governor George Wallace's "Stand in the Schoolhouse Door" in 1963. A few weeks after her release from jail, Davis met with Pope Francis in Washington, D.C. The Holy See Press Office later noted that the pope met with many others and said that the meeting was not a form of support for Davis's actions. Davis has been satirized in popular culture; she was parodied in a "Funny or Die" video, as well as on "Saturday Night Live".
Career.
Chief deputy clerk: 1991–2015.
Kim Davis was born on September 17, 1965, in Jackson, Kentucky. By 1991, she was serving as chief deputy clerk of Rowan County, Kentucky, reporting to her mother, Rowan County Clerk Jean W. Bailey. Davis's 2011 compensation was in wages with an additional in overtime and other compensation. She earned more than other chief deputies in the county, and some county employees and residents complained to the county's governing body, the Fiscal Court, that the clerk's staff's wages were too high, with total compensation for five employees being about $198,000. The Fiscal Court then voted to cut the 2012 budget for wages from $300,000 to $200,000.
County clerk: 2015–2019.
After her mother announced she would not run for re-election in 2014, Davis filed as a Democratic candidate for county clerk. At a candidates' forum, Davis stated she felt she was best qualified for the position because of her 26 years of experience in the clerk's office.
Davis narrowly won the Democratic primary election, defeating Elwood Caudill Jr., a deputy clerk in the Rowan County property valuation administrator's office, by 23 votes and advancing to the general election against Republican John Cox. Davis won the election, with Cox subsequently alleging that nepotism was to blame for his loss. After winning the race, Davis told "The Morehead News", "My words can never express the appreciation but I promise to each and every one that I will be the very best working clerk that I can be and will be a good steward of their tax dollars and follow the statutes of this office to the letter."
Davis took the oath of office as the county clerk of Rowan County on , 2015, beginning a four-year term slated to end on , 2019. As clerk in 2015, Davis received an annual salary of .
Same-sex marriage license controversy.
Background.
On , 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the landmark case of "Obergefell v. Hodges", holding that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Fourteen counties in three Southern states continued to deny marriage licenses for same-sex marriage. The Alabama Supreme Court allowed the probate judges of ten counties in Alabama to deny such marriage licenses, the clerk of one Texas county chose to resign rather than issue such licenses, and the clerks of two counties in Kentucky were not issuing licenses due to paperwork delays. Kentucky Governor Steve Beshear ordered all Kentucky county clerks to begin issuing same-sex marriage licenses immediately.
Davis's reaction to same-sex marriage ruling.
Davis contacted Beshear, asking for an executive order to protect clerks who have moral objections against personally issuing such marriage licenses, as Kentucky law requires county clerks to issue marriage licenses in their names. She began turning away gay couples from her county office who were seeking marriage licenses. David Ermold and David Moore, a same-sex couple from Morehead, Kentucky and alumni of Morehead State University, released video footage on July 7, 2015 of Davis refusing to issue them a marriage license and requesting that they turn off their camera. The video went viral overnight.
The Family Foundation of Kentucky, a local political organization, held a protest rally against the ruling at the State Capitol in Frankfort on August 22, 2015, attended by several thousand people. The clerks of the two other Kentucky counties declined to speak to the rally crowd, but Davis spoke briefly, saying, "I need your prayers ... to continue to stand firm in what we believe." At a competing event several blocks away organized by the Fairness Campaign of Louisville, attendees celebrated the Supreme Court's decision and called upon government officials to uphold the law.
Rather than issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples, Davis began denying marriage licenses to all couples.
Lawsuits against Davis.
Six couples who were denied marriage licenses from Davis sued her in her official capacity as county clerk. Four couples were represented by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Kentucky and two couples each had separate legal representation. The four couples represented by the ACLU, two same-sex couples and two opposite-sex couples, filed the first lawsuit against Davis ("Miller v. Davis") on July 2, 2015. On July 10, 2015, David Ermold and David Moore (who had shot the viral video) next filed suit against Davis, represented by Joseph Buckles and Thomas Szczygielski ("Ermold v. Davis"); James Yates and William Smith Jr., represented by Rene Heinrich of the Heinrich Firm PLLC and Kash Stilz of Roush & Stilz PSC, filed a suit against Davis on August 25, 2015 ("Yates v. Davis").
Federal district judge David L. Bunning of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky, the judge assigned to the cases, held hearings with Davis in Ashland, at which she was the only witness. Davis argued tearfully that issuing licenses under her name violated her beliefs, citing her religious rights under the First Amendment: "It wasn't just a spur-of-the-moment decision", she said. "It was thought out, and I sought God on it." Davis had already decided against resigning from her post, as doing so, she said, would only leave the matter to her deputies: "If I resign, I solve nothing. It helps nobody." Governor Beshear stated that he would not call a special session of the General Assembly to address Davis's concerns, while other state legislators believed that such a session could accommodate Davis with possible new legislation. Davis's attorneys, from the Maitland, Florida-based law firm Liberty Counsel, stated that the plaintiffs were free to drive to other counties to obtain their same-sex marriage licenses, with one adding, "This case is not about these plaintiffs' desires to get married, the case is about [their] desire to force Kim Davis to approve and authorize their marriage in violation of her constitutionally protected religious beliefs." Davis and her attorneys then sued Governor Beshear for ordering her to violate her religious beliefs instead of trying to accommodate them, arguing that Beshear, not Davis, should be held accountable for any legal damages from the ACLU lawsuit.
On August 12, Bunning issued a temporary stay barring Davis from "applying her 'no marriage licenses' policy to future marriage license requests". Before the stay expired, the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit refused to extend that ruling for an appeal. "It cannot be defensibly argued that the holder of the Rowan County clerk's office ... may decline to act in conformity with the United States Constitution", the three-judge panel wrote unanimously in their refusal, continuing, "There is thus little or no likelihood that the clerk in her official capacity will prevail on appeal."
Appeal.
Liberty Counsel and Davis filed an emergency application to appeal with the U.S. Supreme Court. On August 31, 2015, in a one-line order, the Supreme Court refused to hear the appeal, preventing Davis from legally continuing to deny marriage licenses. In response to the U.S. Supreme Court's refusal to grant her stay request, Davis stated:
Davis continued to defy Bunning's court order after the Supreme Court's refusal. The following morning, several couples sought to obtain marriage licenses, but Davis turned them away, saying she was acting "under God's authority". Some in the media questioned whether Davis, having been married four times and only recently converted, was acting hypocritically in the application of her beliefs.
Contempt of court and jailing.
Bunning ordered Davis and her six deputy clerks to appear before him on after the six couples sought to have her held in contempt of court. Bunning ruled in the plaintiffs' favor and held Davis in contempt. The ACLU asked the court to fine Davis, but Bunning ordered her remanded in custody after the hearing. The judge said Davis would remain there until she complied with the court's order to issue marriage licenses. Bunning then spoke with each of the deputy clerks who reported to Davis. Only her son, Nathan Davis, told the judge he refused to comply with the court's order to start issuing marriage licenses; Bunning declined to hold him in contempt. After the hearing, U.S. Marshals transported Davis to the Carter County Detention Center in Grayson.
On Friday, September 4, the first day her office was open during her incarceration, Davis's deputy clerks began issuing marriage licenses to all couples. James Yates and William Smith Jr. (independently suing Davis) were the first couple in Rowan County to receive a marriage license since "Obergefell". They were soon followed by other couples who were plaintiffs against Davis.
Through her Liberty Counsel attorneys, Davis filed an appeal of the order holding her in contempt of court, asking that she be released immediately from jail and that her name be removed from marriage licenses, allowing her deputies to issue them. Separately, Davis asked Governor Beshear to free her. The governor's office said that the conflict was a "matter between her and the courts"; Beshear added that he lacked the legal authority to either remove Davis from office or to relieve Davis of her statutory duties. Rowan County Democratic Judge-Executive Walter Blevins stated that he did not believe he would need to appoint a replacement for Davis, and that he believed the Attorney General of Kentucky and "the General Assembly will pass something where marriage licenses don't have anyone's name on them".
Release and return to work.
Five days later, on Tuesday, September 8, Bunning ordered Davis released from jail. The order stated: "Defendant Davis shall not interfere in any way, directly or indirectly, with the efforts of her deputy clerks to issue marriage licenses to all legally eligible couples. If Defendant Davis should interfere in any way with their issuance, that will be considered a violation of this order and appropriate sanctions will be considered."
Bunning's order also stated that Davis's deputy clerks must continue to comply with his earlier order to issue marriage licenses and to submit status reports to him every fourteen days confirming their compliance. The deputy clerks released statements pledging to continue issuing licenses after Davis's release and to ignore any order from her to do otherwise, complying with the federal judge's order. Licenses issued since Davis's refusal state that they are authorized by "the office of the Rowan County Clerk" but no longer bear her name. Davis's supporters, gathered at the Rowan County Courthouse since her first day in custody, said that her deputies were unlawfully issuing licenses and should resign or be fired.
Davis returned to work a week later, on , 2015. She said that, while she would not interfere with any deputy clerk who issues marriage licenses, she would not personally issue or authorize any of the forms. She created several altered versions of the Kentucky marriage license form and instructed her deputy clerks to use them, which had her name and reference to the clerk's office removed. The ACLU sued Davis separately for these form alterations, which they found to be of questionable legality. Governor Steve Beshear was asked by Bunning to brief the court on the validity of the licenses. Governor Beshear acknowledged that Kentucky would recognize the licenses being issued, but he could not verify the legality of the licenses issued or the means by which the marriage licenses were altered. Bunning ultimately denied the ACLU's separate suit, stating the altered forms were likely legal and that Davis was now abiding by the court's order.
While Davis remained inside her personal office, same-sex couples successfully walked out of the Rowan County clerk's office with their marriage licenses. One of the applicants said, "My license is valid, and it's valid because of the court order that's in effect ... It doesn't have to have her signature."
Reactions to controversy.
Davis gained international attention after her refusal to issue marriage licenses and the ensuing controversy her actions caused. Many legal experts asserted that Davis had no standing under the law to refuse to issue the licenses. Columbia Law School professor Katherine Franke said, "Kim Davis has all sorts of religious liberty rights secured under the First Amendment and under other laws, but they are not at stake in this case. All she's asked to do with couples that come before her is certify that they've met the state requirements for marriage, so her religious opposition to same-sex marriage is absolutely irrelevant." Professor Stephen Vladeck of American University's Washington College of Law said that Davis "waived any right to have an objection to issuing same-sex marriage licenses when she ran for the job". "Washington Post" columnist Jennifer Rubin and others compared Davis's refusal to follow orders of the U.S. Supreme Court to Alabama Governor George Wallace's futile "Stand in the Schoolhouse Door" protest of desegregation in 1963. The Human Rights Campaign, a national LGBT civil rights group, said, "Ms. Davis has the fundamental right to believe what she likes ... but as a public servant, she does not have the right to pick and choose which laws she will follow or which services she will provide." Attorney and author Roberta A. Kaplan, who argued for the plaintiffs in "United States v. Windsor", wrote that "Kim Davis is the clearest example of someone who wants to use a religious liberty argument to discriminate, yet she swore an oath to uphold the Constitution. It is laughable that she can then decide which laws to enforce, which is why every decision in her case has gone against her."
Opposition to the federal ruling came from political columnists William McGurn of "The Wall Street Journal" and Ray Nothstine of "The Christian Post". Law professor Eugene Volokh suggested that the Kentucky's state religious freedom restoration act might compel the state to accommodate Davis's religious beliefs and argued that state courts have the authority to order the removal of Davis's name from marriage licenses. Kentucky Senate President Robert Stivers also came to Davis's defense; he stated, in an amicus brief filed in federal court, that the "Supreme Court ruling has completely obliterated the definition of marriage". Liberty Counsel, the law firm defending Davis, stated, "Kim Davis is being treated as a criminal because she cannot violate her conscience", stating also that she refused to accept a proposed compromise where she would no longer be found in contempt if she agreed not to interfere with her deputies issuing licenses to same-sex couples.
Reactions against Davis also came from the White House, from Kentucky Governor Steve Beshear, and from candidates in the race for the 2016 presidential election. White House Press Secretary Josh Earnest said, "No public official is above the rule of law. Certainly not the president of the United States, but neither is the Rowan County clerk." Governor Beshear said the judge's decision "speaks for itself", while his attorneys called the legal arguments in her suit against him "absurd". Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton said, "Officials should be held to their duty to uphold the law – end of story." Several Republican presidential candidates also called on Davis to comply with court orders. Donald Trump said, "the decision's been made, and that is the law of the land." Jeb Bush, former governor of Florida, said Davis "is sworn to uphold the law", but also suggested that some sort of accommodation be made for her. Republican presidential candidates Carly Fiorina and Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina both suggested that Davis should comply with the court order or resign. Members of the Westboro Baptist Church protested against Davis for her multiple divorces and marriages, saying she is living in adultery. Westboro also stated that "God hates oath breakers," arguing that Davis is obligated to follow the nation's law.
Several national Republican politicians supported Davis. Republican presidential candidate Mike Huckabee, the former governor of Arkansas, said that the Kim Davis affair was part of a "criminalization of Christianity" and organized a rally for Davis outside the jail where she had been held. Senator Ted Cruz of Texas, another Republican presidential candidate, said that Davis was a victim of "judicial tyranny" and attended the same rally. Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal and Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky, also presidential candidates, both voiced their support for Davis. Matt Bevin, the Republican nominee for Kentucky governor in the 2015 election, said a simple solution to Davis's plight is for the government to stop providing marriage contracts.
A survey of American adults conducted by YouGov in September 2015 found that 56% supported Judge Bunning's decision to jail Davis for contempt of court, while 31% of Americans opposed the decision. When asked what Davis should do, 65% said that Davis should resign from office; 23% said that Davis should stay in office and continue to refuse to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples; and 4% said that Davis should remain in office but issue licenses to all persons legally entitled to one.
Opposition by other court clerks.
Other court clerks in the U.S. have also refused to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples. The probate judges of several counties in Alabama have stopped issuing marriage licenses to anyone. Probate Judge Nick Williams of Washington County, Alabama, said he stopped issuing licenses altogether to avoid discrimination and said, "I completely disagree with the authority the Supreme Court has." Probate Judge John Enslen of Elmore County, Alabama, said the federal government, not state probate offices, should be the entity issuing same-sex marriage licenses. Casey Davis (unrelated to Kim Davis), a clerk in Casey County, Kentucky, said, "We've not tried to prevent same-sex marriages, we've only tried to exercise our First Amendment rights", adding that such applicants could apply in other counties. Kay Schwartz, a clerk in Whitley County, Kentucky, felt oppressed: "There's a law against bullying ... Why take away the majority's right [just] to give the minority their rights?" She suggested the possibility of other options to meet the needs of same-sex applicants, such as an online service. The ACLU has no plans for legal action against other court clerks or probate judges. National attention has not been on them as the ACLU brought no case against them, speculated University of Kentucky political science professor D. B. Riggle: "The action in Rowan County may be in part due to the availability of plaintiffs for a case."
Decisions and issues.
Under Kentucky law, a commonwealth's attorney has the power to indict various local officials including "judges-executives, justices of the peace, sheriffs, coroners, surveyors, jailers, county attorneys and constables" for "malfeasance in office or willful neglect in the discharge of official duties" (an offense punishable by removal from office and a fine of up to $1,000); however, the statute doesn't include county clerks. "USA Today" writer Andrew Wolfson blamed "some reason lost to history" for the omission. Because Davis is an elected official, she cannot simply be fired. For Davis to be removed from the office of county clerk, impeachment proceedings must be initiated by the Kentucky House of Representatives and charges for impeachment brought to the Kentucky Senate.
After being denied a license four times, one couple asked the Rowan County Attorney's Office to investigate Davis for official misconduct, a misdemeanor under Kentucky law. Official misconduct in the first degree is a Class A misdemeanor and is punishable with imprisonment not to exceed 12 months and fines of $500. The Rowan County Attorney's Office is prohibited from prosecuting Davis; Rowan County Attorney Cecil Watkins referred the official misconduct complaint to the Kentucky Attorney General's office, led by Attorney General Jack Conway. The Kentucky Attorney General's office conducted a review, and Conway issued a statement saying, "We are a nation of laws, and no one can defy an order from a federal judge." Conway then issued a one-sentence statement saying that he would not appoint a special prosecutor to investigate Davis.
Months after Davis's office began issuing same-sex marriage licenses, Davis's lawyers filed a motion asking the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit to overturn four of Bunning's decisions, calling them a "rush to judgment" that "imposed direct pressure and substantial burden on Davis, forcing her to choose between her religious beliefs and forfeiting her essential personal freedom on one hand, or abandoning those beliefs to keep her freedom on the other hand". The court denied the motion on November 5. Davis's lawyers filed their last appeal the next day, requesting a delay in issuing marriage licenses to same sex couples, arguing that previous decisions should apply only to the four couples to whom Davis's office was initially ordered to issue licenses. The appeal also asked the sixth circuit court of appeals to overturn a previous ruling that had sent Davis to jail for failure to comply. This final appeal was denied two days later by the court.
In March 2016, the Campaign for Accountability (CfA), a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit group, made a request to Davis for access to public records under the Kentucky Open Records Act, seeking copies of retainer agreements and lawyer-client engagement agreements between Davis and her attorneys at Liberty Counsel. Liberty Counsel, which responded to the request on Davis's behalf, refused to comply, arguing that the documents were preliminary and private records are not subject to the Act. CfA appealed to the Office of the Kentucky Attorney General, which under Kentucky law has the authority to make binding rulings on the Open Records Act, and resubmitted its request to Davis's office in April 2016. The Attorney General's Office sought to privately review the records at issue to determine if an exemption applied, but Liberty Counsel refused to make most of the documents available for a private review. In an opinion issued on June 30, 2016, the Attorney General's Office determined that Davis had violated the Open Records Act, saying that her conduct had the effect of "intentionally frustrating the attorney general's review of an open records request" which "would subvert the General Assembly's intent behind providing review by the attorney general."
One of the first acts of newly elected Kentucky Governor Matt Bevin was an executive order to remove clerks' names from the state marriage licenses. Bevin expressed his hope on November 6, 2015, that the executive order will protect the religious beliefs of officials who are opposed to gay marriage. Kim Davis and her attorneys at Liberty Counsel immediately requested that the court dismiss her appeals, because the new regulation provides a religious accommodation for her and makes the case moot. Bunning agreed, dismissing the three lawsuits filed against her, saying the new governor's order to use a license form that does not require the county clerk's signature has removed the controversy before the court. One of the plaintiff couples who were denied marriage licenses from Davis contacted Bunning, requesting they be allowed to recoup $230,000 in legal fees. Davis's attorneys asserted that their legislative victory resolves the matter; the couples did not prevail against Davis, therefore they are not entitled to demand that Davis reimburse their legal fees. Separately, Rowan County filed a response contending that the county government should never have to pay for the actions of a single county clerk. Then, by May 2017, a Cincinnati federal appeals court found that Bunning had erred in finding that damages claims by plaintiff couple David Ermold and David Moore became moot, saying, "The district court's characterization of this case as simply contesting the 'no marriage licenses' policy is inaccurate, because Ermold and Moore did not seek an injunction—they sought only damages"; observing that the record does not prevent damages claims. The three-judge panel granted leave for the couple to sue for damages over one marriage license. Their case was sent back to Bunning, where he stated that the state of Kentucky was obligated to pay $222,000 in legal fees. The ACLU itself sued Davis to recover $233,000 in legal fees, but the motion was denied; the organization was not a "prevailing party" in the legal action.
In July 2017, Davis was again sued for failing to issue a marriage license. The plaintiff, , Vanderbilt University Law School graduate, was denied a license to marry a laptop computer. A similar Florida lawsuit was dismissed in May.
By February 2019, Governor Bevin formally rejected the idea of Kentucky bearing the $222,000 financial responsibility, insisting the amount should be paid by Kim Davis alone. "Only Davis refused to comply with the law" Bevin stated through his attorneys, insisting taxpayers "should not have to collectively bear the financial responsibility for Davis's intransigence." U.S. District Judge David L. Bunning issued a preliminary injunction ordering Davis's office to resume issuing marriage licenses. Bunning also ordered the state of Kentucky to pay her legal fees, writing that "Davis represented the Commonwealth of Kentucky when she refused to issue marriage licenses to legally eligible couples. The buck stops there." Local reporting acknowledged that Kentucky Governor Matt Bevin had previously backed her refusal to issue same-sex marriage licenses. On August 23, 2019, the U.S. 6th Circuit Court of Appeals in Cincinnati upheld Bunning's decision ordering Kentucky to pay the $225,000 legal bill from the Kim Davis case.<ref name="Cheves_8/23/2019"></ref>
Meeting with Pope Francis.
Within a few weeks of Davis's release from jail, Davis announced she and her husband had met with Pope Francis on September 24, 2015, at the Apostolic Nunciature to the United States in Washington, D.C., during the Pope's U.S. visit in September 2015. According to Davis and her lawyer, the pope told Davis to "stay strong" and gave her two rosaries. Vaticanist John L. Allen Jr. said that "there's no way to view the encounter other than as a broad gesture of support by the pope for conscientious objection from gay marriage laws" and that the gesture strengthened the hand of those who defend religious freedom.
Two days later, the Holy See Press Office issued a statement saying that "the Pope did not enter into the details of the situation of Mrs. Davis and his meeting with her should not be considered a form of support of her position in all of its particular and complex aspects". According to Vatican spokesman Father Thomas Rosica, the Pope met with several dozen other people, and rosaries were also given to others in attendance; Davis was not invited by the Pope to the Nunciature, and "the meeting may have been manipulated by her and her lawyer". The only audience given by the Pope while in Washington was with a former student of his, an openly gay Argentine named Yayo Grassi, and Grassi's same-sex partner of 19 years. Observers speculated whether the Pope had not been informed of Davis's controversy or if the Vatican had underestimated the media impact that such a meeting would cause.
Reelection campaign.
Davis announced that she would run for reelection in 2018 as a Republican. Davis did not face any challengers in the Republican primary. Four Democrats ran in the May 2018 primary with the winner being Rowan County Assistant Property Valuation Administrator Elwood Caudill Jr., whom Davis narrowly defeated in the Democratic primary in 2014. One of the Democrats Caudill defeated was David Ermold, who had been denied a marriage license by Davis and then filed suit against her. Davis lost her reelection campaign on November 6, 2018 when she was defeated by Caudill in the general election by a little over 8 percentage points.
Personal life.
Davis has been married four times to three husbands. The first three marriages ended in divorce in 1994, 2006, and 2008. Davis has two daughters from her first marriage and twins, a son and another daughter, who were born five months after her divorce from her first husband. Her third husband is the biological father of the twins, the children being conceived while Davis was still married to her first husband. The twins were adopted by Davis' current husband, Joe Davis, who was also her second husband; the couple initially divorced in 2006 but later remarried. Joe Davis has also stated his support for her stance against same-sex marriage. Davis's son Nathan works in her office as a deputy clerk and has taken the same position of denying marriage licenses to same-sex couples. Shortly after the same-sex marriage license controversy, Davis said she and her husband switched from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party.
Davis says she experienced a religious awakening in 2011, following her mother-in-law's dying wish that she attend church. Since then Davis has identified herself as a Christian, belonging to the Apostolic Pentecostal movement, which favors what they describe as a literal interpretation of the Bible. She worships three times a week at the Solid Rock Apostolic Church near Morehead. Following her conversion, Davis let her hair grow long, stopped wearing makeup and jewelry, and began wearing skirts and dresses that fall below the knee, in keeping with Apostolic Pentecostal tenets regarding outward holiness and modest dress. She also held a weekly Bible study for female inmates at the local jail. In an interview in January 2016, Davis said that she believed that "we are living in end times." Davis also expressed her view that the Bible is infallible.
In popular culture.
Davis was the subject of numerous satirical works following the burst of media attention in 2015. Books, social media profiles, and videos were created to satirize her refusal to issue marriage licenses. A Twitter account which once had more than 90,000 followers and is run by comedian Dave Colan trolled Davis with mocking tweets purporting to be from a woman who "Sits Next to Kim Davis". "Funny or Die" made a Mashup video featuring characters from "Parks and Recreation" that spoofs Davis's refusal to issue marriage licenses and parodies her meeting with Pope Francis. La Strega Entertainment created a satirical music video sung to the tune of the "Major-General's Song" from Gilbert and Sullivan's "Pirates of Penzance". "Saturday Night Live" cast member Aidy Bryant portrayed Davis during the show's season 41 premiere. Actress Jennifer Lawrence, in the December 2015 issue of "Vogue", told Jonathan Van Meter that Kim Davis is a "lady that makes me embarrassed to be from Kentucky."


James Leyburn

Sir James Leyburn (c. 1490 – 20 August 1548), also Laybourne, Labourn, etc., was a senior representative of one of the powerful families within the Barony of Kendal. He was at different times a Justice of the Peace for Westmorland, Escheator for Cumberland and Westmorland, and Commissioner for the survey of the monasteries of Lancashire. He was caught up in the troubles at Kendal during the Pilgrimage of Grace (1536-1537). As an assistant (and kinsman) to Sir Thomas Wharton, Deputy Warden of the West March, he took an important part in the Battle of Solway Moss (1542). He was one of the two MPs for Westmorland in 1542 and 1545.
Leyburn of Cunswick.
The Leyburn family of Westmorland, which derived from the family of the same name seated at Leybourne Castle in Kent, received a grant of land at Skelsmergh, a little north-east of Kendal, in or about the second quarter of the 13th century. Becoming established among the principal families of the area, in the mid-15th century the marriage of Katherine de Leyburne to Sir Henry Bellingham of Strickland Ketel (lord of the double pele tower of Burneside Hall, just to the north of Kendal) produced a daughter Katherine Bellingham.
Sir Henry Bellingham suffered attainder in c. 1461 for his adherence to the Lancastrian cause, in the victory of Edward IV, and his estates passed temporarily into the keeping of William and John Parr of Kendal. His daughter Katherine married an elder James Leyburn of Cunswick, her cousin. The Leyburn seat at Cunswick Hall, then in the parish of Kendal, was at Cunswick ("Conyngeswyke", 1301), by Underbarrow, near Crosthwaite and the head of the Lyth Valley, slightly less than midway on the road passing south-west from Kendal towards the southern end of Lake Windermere at Newby Bridge. The original Hall was replaced two hundred years ago by a house of moderate scale, but some remains of an earlier gatehouse and outbuildings survive. The eldest son of James and Katherine Leyburn was Thomas Leyburn. In 1487, early in the reign of Henry VII, James made a contract for the marriage of Thomas as his son and heir to Margaret, daughter of Sir John Pennington, of Muncaster Castle, Cumberland, and widow of John Lamplugh.
Early career.
The eldest son and heir of Thomas and Margaret was James Leyburn, born around 1490: Thomas died in August 1510, and at his "inquisition post mortem" held at Kendal in the following January James, aged 21, was found to be heir to his estates. None of these were held in chief: they included the manors of Skelsmergh (held from the lords of Kendal), Bradley and Cunswick, and lands and tenements in Sleddall (from Thomas Parr). Thomas also had premises in Westminster, Holborn and London. In 1525 James had the lease of the tithes of Skelsmergh, and also those of Bradleyfield, Tranthwaite, Cunswick, Bulmerstrand and Bradeslak (which his father had occupied aforetyme), and those of Brindrigg, for 21 years, from the Abbey convent of St Mary at York. He held the office of Escheator for Cumberland and Westmorland in February 1518/19, and in February to November 1522: he was a justice of the peace for Westmorland in 1524 and 1525. He received his knighthood after 3 November 1529 in Whitehall, in the Parliament time.
James Laybourn was named one of the executors to the will of Dame Mawde Parr, widow of Sir Thomas Parr, in December 1531, and by April 1532 one James Layburn had become deputy steward of the Barony of Kendal, of which the Parrs were Stewards. At that time William Parr complained to Thomas Cromwell that the Earl of Cumberland and his associate Sir Thomas Clifford were interfering in the administration of justice in the barony of Kendal, out of hostility towards Parr and Layburn, who supported the authority there (given by royal proclamation) of the Duke of Richmond. A letter from Sir James Leyburn dated 26 April shows that Cumberland and his servants conducted the "sheriff's turn" at Kendal, contrary to the King's command given by the Duke of Norfolk in Clifford's hearing, and these disruptions and infringements of the Liberties increased through 1533. Some have taken these letters to show that Sir James Layburn and James Layburn the Deputy Steward (both "of Cunswick") were not the same person, but authorities differ.
Thomas Cromwell sent letters to Robert Poulton, Abbot of the Premonstratensian house of Cockersand, Lancashire, instructing him to grant to Sir James Leyburn certain lands belonging to the abbey in the manor of Assheton. In October 1532 the abbot was able to show that these lands had been claimed by their original tenants under a custom of tenant-right, and begged to be excused from complying. In a Star Chamber suit of 1534, Leyburn is described as being "of great power, blood and ally." Among his kin was Thomas Legh (born c. 1510), of the Cumberland family seated at Frizington, to whom he became godfather: Dr Legh gained notoriety for his work in the northern monastic closures.
The rising at Kendal.
Sir James Leyburn had a significant presence in the region during the years of the monastic closures and the Pilgrimage of Grace. In a letter to Cromwell of September 1535 he remarked that he thought it "no labour to serve the Duke of Richmond", adding "I would be glad to wait upon the King and you, as I was one of the first you put in the King's service." He asks for some fee or office to amend his finances. He had been at Asheton and Carnforth (Lancashire), where he and Sir Marmaduke Tunstall had committed several persons to prison for riots. He was appointed commissioner for the survey of Cartmel Priory and Conishead Priory in 1536: Sir Thomas Wharton wrote approvingly of him to Cromwell in October 1536, saying that he has been very diligent in the King's service, and lives near Kendal, "the inhabitants wherof be very troublous".
Robert Aske's rising took shape in October 1536, and on 6 December a pardon was offered to his followers. At this time the Earl of Derby wrote to the King that it was rumoured that Sir James Layburn had sworn himself to the cause of the commons, and that many said he had done so more than a month previously. On 9 February Layburn wrote to Cromwell that he had been busy trying to hold down the commons in the barony of Kendal, while struggling with an illness in which he had been strengthened by "comfortable letters" received from Cromwell and the King. He recounted the troubles in Kendal since the pardon, in which a large group of parishioners threatened to throw the curate and church elders into the river unless they proclaimed the Pope to be head of the church. The parish priest had since made such a declaration, and had continued the custom of "bidding the bedes", against the wishes of the elders.
In March 1537 Leyburn made a further deposition, that the Bailiff of Kendal, William Collins, who was sworn to the commonalty, in response to letters had raised money in the town and sent deputies to a gathering at Richmond, while the parishioners of Heversham were withholding tithes from the landlords who had taken leases from the abbot of St Mary's in York. This economic grievance underlay the account of the October 1536 rising given by Collins at his examination in London on 12 April 1537. The rebellious populations of Cumberland, Westmorland and Richmond threatened to despoil Dent, Sedburgh and Kendal unless they joined their cause, he said. Steward ("Mr.") Leyburn advised against any participation, but a sworn company from Kendal headed by Collins came repeatedly to his house for him to take their oath, as they protested against the high custumal charges introduced by the new tenant landlords. Leyburn avoided taking their oath, but his brother Nicholas applied the Steward's seal to a record of their old laudable customs.
A great force then met with the sworn men of Kendal, who explained that the gentry were not with them: whereupon the force threatened to spoil the manors. Under this duress, after some delaying, the gentlemen were sworn in with the rebels at Kendal, and so Sir James Layburn, Parson Layburn, William Lancaster, Richard Duckett, Walter Strickland and Sir Robert Bellingham mustered with them at Kelet Moor. Bellingham returned home in sickness but the force rode on Lancaster, the men of Dent and Sedburgh having chosen Atkynson to be their captain. Some deputies were sent to Doncaster. It was then following the pardon that some unruly townsmen at Kendal insisted on the bidding of the bedes, and when Collins produced the pardon they shouted "Down, carle, thou art false to the commons": Parson Layburn agreed to let the bedes be bid until the Duke of Norfolk's coming.
By 4 April the Duke informed Cromwell that Richard Duckett and (apparently) James Leyburn had apprehended John Atkynson. Cromwell noted, "In these parts men are desirous to deserve thanks and detect ill people." On 17-18 April Sir James and others took depositions from John Ayrey of Patton, from Nicholas Leyburn, James Braithwaite, Christopher Eskrigg and Robert Sleddall, most of whom mentioned Collings's role.
New commissions.
During the disestablishment of the great Cistercian house of Furness Abbey, Sir James Leyburn as commissioner and Sir John Lamplugh (the younger) as his assistant by the command of the Lord Lieutenant of Lancashire, gave good service, and Robert Southwell wrote to Cromwell in July 1537 asking that they be thanked and seeking their further assistance in Cumberland and Northumberland. At the appointment of Sir Thomas Wentworth as Captain of Carlisle Castle, and of Sir Thomas Wharton as Deputy Warden of the West Marches, Leyburn and Lamplugh, together with Sir William Musgrave and Sir John Lowther, Sir Richard Bellingham and some 30 others were appointed as Wharton's assistants. In December, when Cromwell and others interviewed Lamplugh, Leyburn and others as to their "demeanour", Dr Legh wrote on Leyburn's behalf, explaining that others have shown malice towards him. In March 1538 Leyburn received a commission of the peace for the Liberty of Furness.
The suppression of a seditious song against Cromwell gave Leyburn an opportunity to seek his favour in July 1538, at the same time sending news of the Council of the North. He may still have feared Cumberland's hostility in 1539, when William Parr was created Baron: at Michaelmas of that year, Sir James and Ellen his wife passed the manor or chief messuage of Cunswick, with tenements in Bradleyfield, Underbarrow and Skelsmergh, to his nephew Thomas Carus and Thomas Redmayne, by fine, perhaps to safeguard it. But in April 1540 his name appears among the annual payments for the assistants to the Deputy Warden of the West March ("foranempst Scotland") tendered to Cromwell, and before the end of that month he was included in a special commission of the peace for the Northern Circuit. Cromwell's fall was then imminent.
MP and soldier.
Leyburn's election as the senior Knight of the shire for Westmorland in 1542 (an election held at Appleby Castle) occurred at a time when the influence of the Earl of Cumberland was diminished by conflict with his tenants: hence a representative from the Barony of Kendal, under the aegis of William Parr, had the seat. The second member for Westmorland, the young Nicholas Bacon (of Suffolk origin), was probably Cumberland's candidate.
Sir Thomas Wharton led the comparatively small English force which defeated the much greater numbers of invading Scots at the Battle of Solway Moss in November 1542. Sir James Layburn's role in this battle was evidently important as he is mentioned in two accounts or despatches sent by Wharton to the Earl of Hertford. Sir Thomas lists four knights with him in Carlisle on 24 November, Sir William Musgrave, Sir Thomas Curwen, Sir John Lowther and Sir James Layburn: Walter Strickland and William Pennington head the list of 18 esquires and others that were with him there. In a letter of 26 November Wharton lists them again, making clear that most of his worthies were his kinsmen, adding that all had "served his majestie in suche wise that I cannot write unto your lordship the worthynes of theyre praise".
Many Scots were taken prisoner, and pledges were given for them who were kept as hostages. By July 1543 there had arisen a dispute among the gentlemen of the West Marches concerning their service in the battle, some taking all the praise to themselves to the detriment of others who should have been partners in the gain and commendation. Two gentlemen had complained to the Duke of Suffolk that the horsemen had diminished the credit of the footsoldiers (but laying no claim to any share of the booty). The Duke showed them that the King had written his thanks to them all, and his opinion would not be swayed by misreports: and Suffolk wrote to William Parr that he should send for Sir James Layburne, "who seems to speak for many", and assure him that it was so, and that the worst detractors would be punished or reproved. On the separate question of the sharing of ransoms, the principle that prisoners belonged to those who had captured them was invariable.
The sister of William Parr, Katherine Parr, became the sixth wife of King Henry VIII in 1543, and it seems likely that she may have been influential in Layburn's selection for the second time as Knight of the shire for Westmorland in 1545.
In 1547, Sir James appeared in court in York to testify (in a case brought against Alan Bellingham of Helsington), that Edward Bethom of Tranthwaite, having enfeoffed two priests with all his lands in January 1516/17 as by a covenant, six years later stole the deeds from the priest's coffer at Underbarrow. James made his will on 4 July 1548 and died on 20 August following. His "Inquisition post mortem" was taken on 1 May 1549 at Heppe (Shap), before Ambrose Lancaster, when he was found to have held the manor and premises of Cunswick and Tranthwaite (in socage), lands and tenements in Brathelake (a peppercorn fealty), in Skelsmergh (in socage as of the castle of Kendal by a pair of gilt spurs), in Long Sleddall (in socage as of the Barony of Kendal by a sore sparrowhawk) and in Wynstere (in socage by a pound of cumin), all held from William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton by these various means. His son Nicholas Laybourn, esq., aged 32, was found to be his next heir.
Family.
Sir James Leyburn married twice. His first wife was Eleanor, daughter of Sir Thomas Curwen of Workington, Cumberland (by whom he had two sons and two daughters).
Leyburn married secondly Helen, daughter of Thomas Preston, of Preston Patrick, Westmorland, and his wife Anne Thornburgh. By this marriage Sir James had three further daughters. The second wife Dame Helen Leyburn survived and remarried to the 2nd Baron Mounteagle.
His great-grandson was the Roman Catholic priest George Leyburn.


Henry Wells

Henry Wells (December 12, 1805 – December 10, 1878) was an American businessman important in the history of both the American Express Company and Wells Fargo & Company.
Life.
Henry Wells was born in 1805 in Thetford, Vermont, the son of Dorothea "Dorothy" (Randall) and Shipley Wells, a Presbyterian minister at what is now the First Presbyterian Church of Seneca Falls, New York who moved his family to central New York State in the westward migration of Yankees out of New England. He was a member of the seventh generation of his family in America. His original ancestor was an English immigrant Thomas Welles (1590–1659), who arrived in Massachusetts in 1635 and was the only man in Connecticut's history to hold all four top offices: governor, deputy governor, treasurer, and secretary. In this capacity, he transcribed the Fundamental Orders into the official colony records on 14 January 1638, OS, (24 January 1639, NS).
As a child, Henry worked on a farm and attended school in Fayette. In 1822, he was apprenticed to Jessup & Palmer, tanners and shoemakers at Palmyra, New York.
Career.
In 1836, Wells became a freight agent on the Erie Canal and soon started his own business. Later he worked for Harnden's Express in Albany. When Wells suggested that service could be expanded west of Buffalo, New York, William F. Harnden urged Wells to go into business on his own account. In 1841, the firm of Pomeroy & Company was formed by George E. Pomeroy, Henry Wells and Crawford Livingston. In the express business they competed with the United States Post Office by carrying mail at less than the government rate. Popular support, roused by the example of the penny post in England, was on the side of the expressmen, and the government was compelled to reduce its rates in 1845 and again in 1851.
Pomeroy & Company was succeeded in 1844 by Livingston, Wells & Company, composed of Crawford Livingston, Henry Wells, William Fargo and Thaddeus Pomeroy. On April 1, 1845, Wells & Company's Western Express – generally known simply as Western Express because it was the first such company west of Buffalo – was established by Wells, Fargo and Daniel Dunning. Service was offered at first as far as Detroit, rapidly expanding to Chicago, St. Louis, and Cincinnati.
In 1846, Wells sold his interest in Western Express to William Livingston, whereupon the firm became Livingston, Fargo & Company. Wells then went to New York City to work for Livingston, Wells & Company, concentrating on the promising transatlantic express business. When Crawford Livingston died in 1847, another of his brothers entered the firm, which became Wells & Company. (However, Livingston, Wells & Company continued to operate under that firm name in England, France and Germany.)
American Express and Wells Fargo.
Early in 1850, Wells formed Wells, Butterfield & Company with John Butterfield as the successor of Butterfield & Wasson. The same year the American Express Company was formed as a consolidation of Wells & Company; Livingston, Fargo & Company; and Wells, Butterfield & Company. Wells was president of American Express from 1850 to 1868. About the time the company was formed, he relocated in Aurora, New York, which remained his home for the rest of his life. There he built a grand residence, called Glen Park. It was designed by noted architect A.J. Davis, with grounds by Andrew Jackson Downing, another notable architect. The property later became part of Wells College, which Wells founded.
When John Butterfield and other directors of American Express objected to extending the company's service to California, Wells organized Wells, Fargo & Company on March 18, 1852, to undertake the venture. Edwin B. Morgan of Aurora was the company's first president, and Wells, William Fargo, Johnston Livingston and James McKay were on the boards of both Wells Fargo and American Express.
In September 1853, Wells Fargo & Company acquired Livingston, Wells & Company, which had been its express and banking correspondent in England, France and Germany. By the spring of 1854, some of the directors of Wells Fargo had become convinced that the purchase had been brought about through unspecified misrepresentations by Wells, Johnston Livingston, William N. Babbitt and S. De Witt Bloodgood. Wells and his associates made good any losses to Wells Fargo, and Livingston, Wells & Company wound up its affairs when its Paris office was closed in October 1856.
Wells was president in 1855 of the New Granada Canal & Steam Navigation Company. In Aurora he was president of the First National Bank of Aurora and in 1867 also the first president of the Cayuga Lake Railroad.
Later life.
Wells retired from the board of Wells Fargo in 1867. He also retired as president of American Express in 1868 when it was merged with the Merchants Union Express Company under the presidency of William Fargo. Also in 1868, Wells founded Wells College in Aurora with an endowment to make it one of the first women's colleges in the United States.
One of Wells' last ventures was the Arizona & New Mexico Express Company, of which he was president in 1876.
Personal life.
On September 5, 1827, Wells married Sarah Caroline Daggett (1803–1859), the daughter of Levi Daggett (1768–1835) and a descendant of the Doggett colonial settlers. They had four children:
After his first wife's death on October 13, 1859 in Albany, New York, he married Mary Prentice of Boston in 1861.
Wells died in Glasgow, Scotland, on December 10, 1878, two days short of his 73rd birthday. He was brought home for burial in Aurora and was buried at Oak Glen Cemetery in Aurora. His body was transported back to the United States aboard the steam-ship Ethiopia. His funeral was held at his home in Aurora.


Hirokazu Yasuhara

 (also credited as Carol Yas) is a Japanese video game designer. He is best known for designing the gameplay and stages of the initial "Sonic the Hedgehog" video games for Sega Genesis in the 1990s, based on technical demos and engines programmed by Yuji Naka. Yasuhara stayed with Sega until the late 1990s. He then joined Naughty Dog, working on the "Jak and Daxter" series and "", collaborating again with former Sega employee Mark Cerny. He was the senior design director at Namco Bandai Games America. In April 2012, Yasuhara joined Nintendo where he accepted a position at the Nintendo Software Technology division. In 2016 he joined Unity Technologies.


Eric Millar

Eric George Millar (1887–13 January 1966) was the Keeper of Manuscripts from 1944 onwards at the British Museum and a scholar interested in English illuminated manuscripts. He produced the two-volume work "English Illuminated Manuscripts from the Xth to the XIIIth Century" in 1926 and 1928. He also produced a book on the Lindisfarne Gospels and a two-volume catalogue of the Chester Beatty Manuscripts.
Millar was a member of the Athenaeum Club.


Clower

Clower is a surname, occupational for a nailer. Notable people with the surname include:


Electronics (magazine)

Electronics is a discontinued American trade journal that covers the radio industry and subsequent industries from 1930 to 1995. Its first issue is dated April 1930. The periodical was published with the title "Electronics" until 1984, when it was changed temporarily to "ElectronicsWeek", but was then reverted to the original title "Electronics" in 1985. The ISSN for the corresponding periods are: for the 1930–1984 issues, for the 1984–1985 issues with title "ElectronicsWeek", and for the 1985–1995 issues. It was published by McGraw-Hill until 1988, when it was sold to the Dutch company VNU. VNU sold its American electronics magazines to Penton Publishing the next year.
Generally a bimonthly magazine, its frequency and page count varied with the state of the industry, until its end in 1995. More than its principal rival "Electronic News", it balanced its appeal to managerial and technical interests (at the time of its 1992 makeover, it described itself as a magazine for managers). The magazine is best known for publishing the April 19, 1965 article by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore, in which he outlined what came to be known as Moore's Law.
Intel's hunt for Moore's original article.
On April 11, 2005, Intel posted a reward for an original, pristine copy of the "Electronics Magazine" where Moore's article was first published. The hunt was started in part because Moore lost his personal copy after loaning it out. Intel asked a favor of Silicon Valley neighbor and auction website eBay, having a notice posted on the website. Intel's spokesman explained, "We're kind of hopeful that it will start a bit of a scavenger hunt for the engineering community of Silicon Valley, and hopefully somebody has it tucked away in a box in the corner of their garage. We think it's an important piece of history, and we'd love to have an original copy."
It soon became apparent to librarians that their copies of the article were in danger of being stolen, so many libraries (including Duke University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) located and secured the articles. The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign was not so lucky, however, as the day after Intel announced the reward, they found that one of the two copies they owned was missing. Intel has stated that they will only purchase library copies of the article from the libraries themselves, and that it would be easy to determine as most libraries bind their old magazines, requiring the cutting of the article from the bound book if a thief were to sell the article.
Intel ultimately awarded the prize to David Clark, an engineer living in Surrey, England who had decades of old issues of "Electronics" stored under his floorboards.


Alain Chuard

Alain Chuard is a Swiss serial entrepreneur and former professional snowboarder living in Palo Alto, California. He is best known as the founder and Chief product officer of Wildfire Interactive, the social media marketing technology company acquired by Google in July 2012.
Early life and education.
Chuard was born in Bern and raised in the Swiss town of Bolligen. His father and uncle were both entrepreneurs.
Chuard competed on the snowboard World-Cup Pro Tour while in high school. From 1994-96, he was ranked in the top 4 snowboarders in Switzerland. Chuard was sponsored by Burton Snowboards and has been featured in various snowboarding publications including the cover of "Transworld Snowboarding".
Chuard left Switzerland at the age of 20 after completing his high school matura. Chuard studied mathematics and economics at Macalester College. He has an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.
Career.
After graduating from Macalester College, he spent two years working as a financial analyst for Salomon Smith Barney in New York City. He then left Wall Street to start the adventure travel company, Access Trips, in 2001. While getting his MBA, he also built an online booking and CRM software called IncFuel Corp. In the summer of 2007, he was an Entrepreneur in Residence at Highland Capital Partners in Boston.
In 2008, Chuard developed the software Promotion Builder as an online marketing tool used for promoting Access Trips through social media. Promotion Builder became Wildfire Interactive and within four years, Wildfire grew to a company with 400 employees. In 2010, Chuard sold Access Trips in order to focus on Wildfire. In July 2012, Google purchased Wildfire for a reported $450 million. Since 2014, he leads the Google My Business division. He is a Henry Crown Fellow of the Aspen Institute.
Personal life.
Chuard married Victoria Ransom in March 2013. They met in December 1999 while studying at Macalester College. He speaks four languages and is one of the 300 wealthiest people in Switzerland.


Herbert McClintock

Herbert McClintock (1906-1985) was an Australian social realist artist.
Biography.
McClintock was born in Perth, Western Australia. He studied at the National Gallery of Victoria Art School from 1925 to 1927 and again in 1930, where he met fellow social realists Noel Counihan and Roy Dalgarno. While a student, McClintock earned a living as a signwriter and advertising artist. He joined the Communist Party of Australia during the depression of the 1930s and did many political cartoons for communist publications. His cartoons were featured in trade union and communist papers throughout his life.


Alison Brittain

Alison Jane Brittain (née Hopkins; born February 1965) is a British businesswoman, the chief executive officer (CEO) of Whitbread. She was formerly head of retail banking at Lloyds Banking Group.
Early life.
Alison Jane Hopkins was born in February 1965. She grew up in Derbyshire, and was educated at the University of Stirling, where she received a degree in business studies, followed by an MBA from the Cambridge Judge Business School.
Career.
Brittain joined Barclays as a graduate trainee, and worked there for 19 years. She joined Santander UK in 2007, then Lloyds Banking Group in 2011.
In May 2015, it was announced that from January 2016, Brittain would take over from Andy Harrison, who would be retiring, as CEO of Whitbread, the parent company of Premier Inn, whitbread restaurants and Costa Coffee. Brittain had been seen as a favourite to succeed the current CEO of Lloyd's Banking Group, António Horta-Osório before this news was announced.
Personal life.
Alison Hopkins married Kevin Brittain; the couple have two children.


Commissionaire

In mainland Europe, a commissionaire is an attendant, messenger or subordinate employed in hotels, whose chief duty is to attend at railway stations, secure customers, take charge of their luggage, carry out the necessary formalities with respect to it and have it sent on to the hotel. They are also employed in Paris as street messengers, light porters, etc.
In Commonwealth countries, a commissionaire may refer to an employee of a Corps of Commissionaires who carries out security or reception duties.
Law and taxation.
In European civil law jurisdictions (e.g., France, Germany), a commissionaire is a person who acts in his or her own name for the account of a principal. The principal is contractually bound to deliver (through the commissionaire) the goods sold to the customer; the commissionaire is contractually bound to the principal to remit the price received to the principal. In addition, the commissionaire is contractually bound to the customer to deliver the goods sold on the terms agreed. No relationship is created between the customer and the principal. The commissionaire is remunerated by commission, and paid by the principal. The commissionaire does not take title to the goods.
A civil law commissionaire arrangement creates agency in common law countries, such as Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
For tax purposes in civil law jurisdictions, a commissionaire is not generally viewed as a dependent agent by virtue of the commissionaire status. Thus, the activities and place of business of a commissionaire are not attributed to the principal. Use of a commissionaire arrangement has historically been considered to prevent a seller of goods (the principal) from having a permanent establishment in the commissionaire's country if the principal has no other presence in that country. However, this view was unsuccessfully challenged by tax authorities in France, Norway and Italy.
In popular culture.
Commissionaire Peterson is a character in the 1892 Sherlock Holmes short story "The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle."