List of Chablis crus

The Chablis region of Burgundy is classified according to four tiers of "Appellation d'origine contrôlée" (AOC) designation. The top two are the crus of Chablis and include the 7 Grand cru vineyards followed by the lower Premier crus. Wines made entirely from fruit from these vineyards are entitled to list their wines as "cru classé" Chablis on the wine label. Below these tiers are the lower designations of basic Chablis AOC and Petit Chablis. Soil quality and hill slope play a major role in delineating the differences. Many of the Premier Crus, and all the Grand Crus vineyards, are planted along valley of the Serein river as it flows into the Yonne with the best sites located on a southwest facing slope that receives the maximum amount of sun exposure. All of Chablis' Grand Cru vineyards and many of their better Premier Cru vineyards are planted on primarily Kimmeridgean soil (a composition of limestone, clay and tiny fossilized oyster shells) which is believed to impart more finesse and structure to the wines. Other areas, particularly the vast majority of Petit Chablis vineyards, are planted on slightly younger Portlandian soil.
Grand Cru vineyards.
There is one Grand Cru in Chablis with seven officially delineated Grand Cru climats, covering an area of 247 acres (100 hectares), all located on one southwest facing hill overlooking the town of Chablis. There is one vineyard, La Moutonne, located on this hill between the Grand Cru vineyards of Les Preuses and Vaudésir that is considered an "unofficial" Grand Cru and it will appear on wine labels. However, the "Institut National des Appellations d'Origine" (INAO) does not recognize La Moutonne as a Grand Cru.
Premier Crus.
At the turn of the 21st century, there were 40 Premier cru vineyards in Chablis. In 2009, the official list was expanded to 89 vineyards. The names of many of these vineyards do not appear on wine labels because of an INAO allowance that permits the use of "umbrella names" - where smaller, lesser known vineyards are allowed to use the name of a nearby more famous Premier cru vineyard. Seventeen of the most well known "umbrella" vineyards are bolded below.


Tarnab

Tarnab is a town and union council of Charsadda District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°13'12N 71°40'51E and has an altitude of 299 metres (984 feet).
Tarnab is especially famous for the Tarnab Experimental Fruit Farms here, run by the Government of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.


Verde River Sheep Bridge

The Verde River Sheep Bridge, also known as the Red Point Sheep Bridge, is a suspension bridge which crosses the Verde River in Arizona. Constructed primarily to allow sheep to be driven between grazing ranges on either side of the river. Building started in 1943 and was completed in 1944. Sheep drives stopped in 1978. The bridge was closed in 1987 and largely demolished in 1988. A replica bridge was constructed in by the U.S. Forest Service in 1989 to allow hikers access to the Mazatzal Wilderness in Tonto National Forest. The original west suspension tower still remains alongside the replica bridge.
History.
Dr. R.O. Raymond of the Flagstaff Sheep Company owned a winter sheep allotment on the east side of the Verde River and a summer allotment on the west side. Access between the sides was difficult, and high water conditions could make it hazardous to ford the river. Raymond decided to fund the construction of a narrow suspension bridge across the Verde to make the crossing easier. A road was built to the bridge site in 1943 and construction was started on a bridge to a design by C.O. Gilliam. It was built using surplus materials from the Bluebell Mine, as well as some cables from the Golden Turkey Mine. The builders were Frank Auza, the Flagstaff Sheep Company's foreman, and George W. Smith, a local builder, with a crew of more than thirty Basque, French Basque, Mexican and Hispanic sheepherders. Auza and Smith visited the Blue Point Sheep Bridge on the Salt River to learn about its construction, deciding to call the Verde River bridge the Red Point Bridge. The total cost of the bridge as originally built was $7277. Auza maintained the bridge until 1978, when sheep herding was discontinued in the area.
Description.
The original bridge measured overall from anchorage to anchorage and was wide, with a clear cable span of . The walkway, whose abutments were located between the towers, had a span of with a clearance of about over the river. The suspension span was supported by wire rope with wire rope suspenders apart. The deck and railings are wood. The tall west tower is concrete. Although Gilliam designed the tower legs as large timbers, they were made of built-up 2x10s which were more readily available. However, this assembly soon deteriorated, so Auza erected formwork around them and poured concrete towers. Sway bracing was provided by wire cable stays.
Designation and replacement.
The bridge was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 21, 1978. The original bridge was closed in 1987 and was replaced by a replica in 1989. It provides access to the Mazatzal Wilderness in Tonto National Forest. The bridge is maintained as part of the forest's trail system. The original bridge's concrete abutment remains.


Pyrenees (Victoria)

The Pyrenees is a wine-producing region centred on the Pyrenees ranges located in Victoria, Australia near the town of Avoca.
The Pyrenees Ranges are at the southern end of The Great Dividing Range with altitudes ranging from 300 to over 750 m (approximately 980–2460 ft). Main peaks in the range include Mount Avoca (747 m) and Mount Warrenmang (537 m).
Exploration.
The explorer and surveyor Thomas Mitchell was the first European recorded to have travelled through the district on his 1836 journey of exploration. The ranges reminded him of the Pyrenees in Europe where he had served as an army officer, hence the name he gave them. He found the area more temperate in climate and better watered than inland New South Wales, and he encouraged settlers to take up land in the region he described as "Australia Felix".
Wine.
Vines were first planted in the region in 1858. Several wine growers produced and sold wine in the region in the late 1800s and early part of the twentieth century. The pioneer of the region Edwin Horatio Mackereth had his vineyard sold to a dairy farmer in 1929 by his descendants. Another early producer Kofoeds survived until 1947. The 1960s saw the re-establishment of vineyards in the area by Nathan & Wyeth in conjunction with the French Cognac producer Rémy Martin planting grapes in 1963. The official planting ceremony on 1 June 1963 included Victorian Government Minister for Lands, The Minister of State Development and Avoca Shire President. Since the 1970s the region has been a significant producer of full-bodied red wines based on Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon grape varieties.
The original eight wineries of the region in the 1970s and 1980s included:
Chateau Rémy (now known as Blue Pyrenees Estate), Dalwhinnie Vineyard, Mount Avoca Vineyard, Mountain Creek, Summerfield Vineyards, Redbank Winery (now known as Sally's Paddock), Taltarni Vineyards and Warrenmang Vineyard. Warrenmang bought Mountain Creek in the 1990s and the wineries of the region now number almost thirty with a second wave of plantings and investment in the 1990s. The original vineyards and wineries planted in the 1970 centred around the towns of Moonambel and Avoca. while the 1990s saw large vineyards planted in the Landsborough valley between Landsborough and Elmhurst. Plantings now extend from near Waubra in the south to St Arnaud in the north. The main white varieties planted include Sauvignon blanc, Chardonnay and Viognier with smaller plantings of Semillon and Pinot Grigio, while the main varieties of Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon are well supported by a range of other varieties from France such as Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Grenache, Italy for Sangiovese, Nebbiolo and Lagrein and Spain for Tempranillo.
Tourism is a very important part of the region's economy, with many wineries offering cellar-door tastings. Accommodation and dining are available at several of the wineries as the region continues to develop tourism infrastructure. Exports are also significant for many wineries with sales into China, the US and Scandinavia.


Robin Gray (New Zealand politician)

Sir Robert McDowall Gray (born 2 July 1931), generally known as Robin Gray, is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1978 to 1996, and served as Speaker of the House of Representatives between 1990 and 1993.
Early life.
Gray was born in Borgue, Scotland. After serving in the British Army, he moved to New Zealand to take up farming in 1952,at Waitahuna, Central Otago. After retiring from politics he settled in Mosgiel.
Member of Parliament.
He joined the National Party in 1956, and held a number of positions in its internal hierarchy. In the 1978 election, he was elected to replace Peter Gordon as MP for Clutha.
Gray became the National Party's Junior Whip in 1985 and the Senior Whip in 1987.
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
When National won office in the 1990 election, Gray was made Speaker of the House of Representatives. After the 1993 election, however, the National Party held a majority of only a single seat – as the Speaker could not vote, re-appointing Gray to the Speakership would leave Parliament deadlocked. National therefore offered the Speakership to Peter Tapsell of the Labour Party. Gray was appointed to the sinecure of Minister of State, and also became Associate Minister of Foreign Affairs.
In the 1994 New Year Honours, Gray was appointed a Knight Bachelor. He retired from politics at the 1996 election.
As Speaker of the House of Representatives, Gray was entitled to the title of The Honourable, and he was granted use of the honorific for the rest of his life in 1994.
Life after Parliament.
Gray effectively retired following his stepping down as an MP but still makes occasional appearances and commentary at various Conferences around New Zealand. He has undertaken mild criticism aimed at the National Party for failing to promote Members interests at conferences to which he achieved a degree of success in ensuring Delegate's had more opportunity for engagement at the formal meetings.
Gray also sits as the founding president on the board of trustees for the New Zealand Business and Parliament Trust.


Richard Reid (Northern Ireland politician)

Richard Reid is a former Ulster unionist politician.
Reid worked as a farmer in Pomeroy, County Tyrone. An evangelical Protestant, he became friendly with Norman Porter, secretary of the National Union of Protestants. In 1950, he arranged a meeting at the town courthouse for Monica Farrell, and through this, became acquainted with Ian Paisley. He subsequently joined Paisley's Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster, and, although there was no local congregation, he became a church elder.
In 1975, Reid stood for Paisley's Democratic Unionist Party in Mid Ulster, and was elected to the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention. He was also elected to Cookstown District Council at the 1977 Northern Ireland local elections.
From the 1980s on, Reid withdrew from formal politics, but he was active in the Orange Order, where he became known as a leading traditionalist during the Drumcree conflict.


Montecarlo DOC

Montecarlo is a denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) in northern Tuscany, Italy. The vineyards surround the small town of Montecarlo which is located close to Lucca and Pisa. Montecarlo wines are unusual for the region in that they are commonly made from the Sémillon, Sauvignon blanc and Pinot bianco grape varietals. This is unusual as most Tuscan white wines are made from Trebbiano and Malvasia grapes. Wines from the region are often called the best Tuscan whites.
DOC Regulations.
The DOC is defined under the following laws:
The DOC bianco allows between 40% to 60% Trebbiano Toscano, and between 40% to 60% Semillon, Pinot gris, Pinot bianco, Vermentino, Sauvignon blanc and/or Roussane, with no more than 10% of any single one.
The DOC rosso is 50% to 75% Sangiovese, 5% to 15% Canaiolo, 10% to 15% Ciliegiolo, Colorino, Malvasia nera, Sjriak, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Merlot, and up to 20% other red varietals.


Frank Lidgett McDougall

Frank Lidgett McDougall (1884–1958) was a British-born Australian farmer and economic adviser, now best known for his part in the foundation of the Food and Agriculture Organization.
Early life.
He was the son of John McDougall, a Wesleyan Methodist, and his second wife Ellen Lidgett (1858–1952). She was a first cousin of Methodist leader John Scott Lidgett, and wrote devotional works. He was born in Greenwich, his father's third son, and was educated at Blackheath Proprietary School. He was then a student at Darmstadt University of Technology.
John Scott Lidgett's father was John Jacob Lidgett (1828–1869), who had a younger brother George Lidgett (1831–1907). McDougall's mother Ellen was the daughter of George Lidgett, meaning that he had relations in South Africa: Sidney Bunting and his uncle Jack Lidgett. Sidney and Jack planned to farm wattle at Lidgetton in Natal, on a family property, a scheme put on foot in 1906–7. After leaving university, McDougall spent two years there on the farm.
McDougall moved in 1909 to Renmark, South Australia where there were his half-brothers, and his sisters Margery and Catherine, and farmed a fruit block. He was able to buy . He spoke in later life of having started "with an axe, a mattock, and an occasional charge of dynamite, to clear the bush". In 1915 he volunteered for the Australian Imperial Force, serving in the 27th Battalion as a second lieutenant and the I ANZAC Cyclist Battalion.
The Australian Dried Fruit Association.
After the war, McDougall became heavily involved in the Australian Dried Fruit Association (ADFA), rising to be chairman of the Australian Dried Fruit Board in the 1930s. The ADFA had been created from local groups in 1907 by W. B. Chaffey. In 1922 Chaffey, McDougall and Charles Edward Devenish Meares travelled to London, to promote Australian dried fruit in the British market. At this point, McDougall was engaged in the workings of Imperial Preference. Later, he considered that trade barriers and overproduction were implicated in "poor global nutrition". From the ADFA's point of view, world prices were dropping, in the early 1920s, just when the production acreage was increasing strongly. Its price-fixing function at home was removed in 1926, for a decade.
Under Stanley Bruce.
Stanley Bruce became Australia's Prime Minister in 1923, and recruited McDougall for a role at Australia House in London. After a period in the Prime Minister's Department in 1924, McDougall returned to London in 1925, with part of his time devoted to the Dried Fruits Control Board.
McDougall was there to gather information for Bruce, as a publicist, and also for purposes of networking. He was appointed to the Empire Marketing Board in 1926, holding the position to 1932. On the Board's publicity committee, he worked with William Smith Crawford, Frank Pick, Harry Levy-Lawson, 1st Viscount Burnham and Woodman Burbidge of Harrods.
In 1927 McDougall suggested that Bruce invite John Boyd Orr of the Rowett Institute to Australia, to advise on animal nutrition. Boyd Orr and David Rivett were important contacts, connected with another aspect of his London work, liaison with CSIR.
League of Nations work.
In 1929, Stanley Bruce was replaced as Australia's Prime Minister by James Scullin, and McDougall felt his position in London was insecure under the Labor Party administration. In fact he remained at Australia House until 1946. He supported Scullin for the 1930 Imperial Conference, and weathered a salary cut by writing, in particular for Lord Beaverbrook.
From 1928, McDougall had worked with Australian delegations headed for the League of Nations in Geneva. The watershed in McDougall's thinking on trade came as he prepared for the London Economic Conference of 1933, and reassessed "restriction policies to control plenty in a poverty stricken world". From this period he took on the role of "éminence grise", working behind the scenes to effect change. In the field of international nutrition, he did so effectively, beginning with a memorandum of January 1935, "The Agriculture and the Health Problems". With Bruce providing introductions, he met social figures and those in power.
With Alexander Loveday, McDougall wrote a significant 1935 speech for Bruce to give to the League of Nations Assembly, calling for the lowering of tariff barriers. The speech also nodded to contemporary nutritional thinking by stating "calories are not enough". Bruce and McDougall then promoted the slogan "marry health and agriculture"; the implication that agricultural policy might have global impact on public health issues was innovative, and has been called "a major landmark in the history of nutrition". Boyd Orr, too, had contributed to the formulation.
Behind the speech was a notable working paper. While the political authority of the League dropped away in the 1930s, it supported technical research on global problems. The Burnet–Aykroyd report of 1935, authored by Étienne Burnet and Wallace Rundell Aykroyd, moved nutrition as a public policy issue into the domain of public health. The Health Organization of the League of Nations was then asked in 1936 to set up a nutrition section. McDougall worked with others on the "Nutrition – Final Report of the Mixed Committee" of 1937 that resulted.
Continuing in the same direction, McDougall in 1938 chaired a subcommittee of the League's Economic and Financial Organization, on standard of living (which the League characterised as "human well-being"). It was a further "mixed committee", with ILO representation, on which McDougall had an ally in Noel Hall: the topic was cross-cultural and contentious. McDougall, Neal and Boyd Orr were agreed in an approach to alleviating the economic austerity of the times. Bruce produced the "Bruce Report" on standard of living. The outbreak of World War II made all these efforts moot by 1940.
The Food and Agriculture Organization.
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations grew out of a 1943 conference on agriculture at Hot Springs, Virginia, called by Franklin Delano Roosevelt as a "World Food Conference". The idea has been attributed to John Gilbert Winant; also, on the account given by Gove Hambidge, to the intervention of the First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt. Paul H. Appleby may have been involved. On the agenda of the US and United Kingdom was an international wheat agreement.
In autumn 1942, McDougall had work on the wheat question that took him to Washington DC, sent by Bruce, who in a letter to Stafford Cripps dated 9 September explained that McDougall also bore a paper, "Progress in the War of Ideas". He dined at the White House, meeting the First Lady and Harry Hopkins. They talked about post-war reconstruction, and the role of food and agriculture. The First Lady had a copy of "Progress in the War of Ideas", and the President read it in the presence of Henry A. Wallace, Vice-President.
McDougall attended the Hot Springs Conference, at which the basis of the FAO, set up in 1946, was laid out. He then pursued his agenda largely through the FAO, acting as its liaison with the United Nations. He worked with both Boyd Orr, the first FAO Director, and Dag Hammarskjöld of the UN.
Death.
McDougall died on 15 February 1958 in Rome, of peritonitis.
Family.
In 1915 McDougall married Madeline Joyce Cutlack, sister of Frederic Cutlack. He was survived by a son John and daughter Elisabeth.
McDougall Memorial Lectures.
The McDougall Memorial Lectures were founded in 1958, "to commemorate the late F. L. McDougall who played a leading role in the foundation of FAO and initiation of its activities." They are biennial, and are delivered at the opening of the FAO conference.


John Clark (Georgia governor)

John Clark (sometimes spelled Clarke) (February 28, 1766October 12, 1832) was an American planter and politician.
Early life.
Clark was born in 1766 in Edgecombe County, North Carolina. Along with his father, Elijah Clarke, Clark fought in the American Revolutionary War at the Battle of Kettle Creek and served in the Georgia militia.
He moved to Wilkes County, Georgia, in the early 1770s. He became a major general in 1796.
Political career.
Clark served in the Georgia House of Representatives before he was elected to consecutive two-year terms as the 31st Governor, from 1819 to 1823. During his term, he successfully defended states' rights in a US Supreme Court case, "Ex parte Madrazzo", over a Spanish citizen who claimed that he owned some of Clark's slaves.
Personal life.
Clark resided at Woodville, a plantation in Milledgeville, Georgia. He was married to Nancy Clark.
Death and legacy.
Clark died of yellow fever in St. Andrews Bay (Florida) in 1832 in what was then Washington County (now Bay County) and was buried in that same city; however, his grave was relocated to Marietta National Cemetery in Georgia in 1923 by the Daughters of the American Revolution.
Clarkesville, Georgia and Clarke County, Alabama are named after him.


Gangotri (cow)

Gangotri, a cow that lived at Bhaktivedanta Manor, was put down by the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in December 2007. The killing of Gangotri is a current issue for the Hindus of England and has led to protest concerning the treatment of cattle.
The Killing.
On 13 December 2007, RSPCA inspectors and a government vet arrived at the Bhaktivedanta Manor temple in Hertfordshire and killed Gangotri by the administration of a lethal injection. Gangotri was not suffering from any disease but had damaged her hind muscles and could not stand. She was cared for by the temple staff and the temple had employed vets to medically care for her and to monitor her health. The temple, donated in 1973 by George Harrison, runs The Cow Protection Project, a no-kill shelter where cows and bulls are allowed to die naturally. The RSPCA claimed that the cow was suffering however they killed the cow without consultation with the vets treating the cow. They claimed to have consulted with other vets to which temple officials counter that
"Two veterinary surgeons, one who lived locally and the other a specialist based in Oxford, were regularly supervising the cow’s medical treatment. They were administering medicine themselves, and also guiding the daily care being given by the community members. It is normal farming practise that once a cow is down or cannot walk, she will be killed by the vet because, within a few weeks, physical complications will arise that most farmers don’t have the time to deal with. As a religious community, we made the choice to care, and those two vets chose to support us. Two other vets, who were unfamiliar with the way we work with animals, one of whom was merely a passer-by, gave different opinions. At first, the chief vet responsible for animal welfare in the appropriate government department, known as Defra, also gave a recommendation that the cow be killed. When he made a personal visit to the temple however, and saw how the animal was being cared for, he informed us that no further action would be taken".
Protests and Legal Action.
The temple officials considered legal action against the RSPCA over its actions. The Independent on 28 March 2008 reported that the RSPCA has been sued and the sanctuary claimed "The RSPCA unlawfully trespassed on temple property and unlawfully trespassed on the life of a cow. The cow was under veterinary care and was recovering. There was absolutely no reason for her to be killed".
On 26 December 2007, about 200 people protested at the RSPCA headquarters in Horsham, West Sussex, while another 700 Hindus held prayers at the Manor. Protests were also held a few months later in March.
Apology by the RSPCA.
On 13 December 2008, the RSPCA apologized for the killing of Gangotri. They also donated a pregnant cow to the sanctuary representing a symbol of reconciliation.


Jumbuck Pastoral Company

The Jumbuck Pastoral Company is an Australian company that operates numerous cattle stations and sheep stations in Western Australia, South Australia and the Northern Territory
It is one of the largest landowners in Australia and the biggest wool grower. Jumbuck controls over of holdings which run approximately 320,000 head of sheep and 80,000 head of cattle.
The company is a privately held company owned by the MacLachlan family and is based in Adelaide. It was established in 1888 by H. P. MacLachlan who was known for his ability with stock and being able to ride out a drought. Initially the company was interested in wool growing in the arid at Paratoo Station near Yunta. Eventually it diversified into cattle.
By the mid-1920s MacLachlan's son, B. H. MacLachlan, was running the company after his father had loaned him £16,000 to acquire and develop lands in the Tarcoola area. When MacLachlan Senior died in 1939, B. H. continued to expand the development plan with Commonwealth Hill Station and Mulgathing Station shearing over 100,000 sheep in 1945.
B.H. MacLachlan handed over to his son, H.G. (Hugh) MacLachlan in 1960. Hugh took up pastoral leases in Western Australia at Rawlinna Station and Madura Plains.
The company was fined 100,000 in 2005 following the death of a jackaroo in New South Wales in 2001.
Hugh MacLachlan stepped down as the managing director of the company in 2009 after nearly half a century in the role. Both his sons, Jock and Callum, were appointed as joint managing directors.
In 2014 the company acquired Killarney Station in the Northern Territory for about 35 million. The property occupied an area of and supports a herd of approximately 26,000 cattle.


Ed Conroy (politician)

Roy Edward Conroy (October 21, 1946 – June 26, 2020) was a Canadian politician, who was MLA for Rossland-Trail in the Canadian province of British Columbia from 1991 to 2001. He was a member of the British Columbia New Democratic Party.
Conroy was born in Rossland, British Columbia and raised in Castlegar. He was educated in Castlegar and at the University of Victoria. Before entering politics, Conroy worked on a towboat. He also raised purebred cattle. He was defeated by Sandy Santori when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 2001.
His wife, Katrine Conroy is the current MLA for the redistributed district of Kootenay West. She currently serves in the provincial cabinet of Premier John Horgan. He died at the age of 73 on June 26, 2020 from complications from surgery after sustaining a broken hip.


Bendigo Valley

The Bendigo Valley is the region surrounding the city of Bendigo, Victoria, Australia located in North Central Victoria near the geographical centre of the state. The valley is approximately north-west of Melbourne, the state capital. The city of Bendigo is located on the floor of, and is enclosed by, the Bendigo Valley which was formed over many millennia by the Bendigo Creek after which the valley is named. The Bendigo Creek forms a geographic spine through the city and suburbs of Bendigo. The valley is notable as a major tourist destination and is the location of one of the world's largest and longest-lived gold production areas.
Bendigo Valley is broadly surrounded by the Greater Bendigo National Park and other state forests. The park was created in 2002 from the former Whipstick State Park, Kamarooka State Park, One Tree Hill Regional Park, Mandurang State Forest and the Sandhurst State Forest.
The Calder Highway, Midland Highway and McIvor Highway are the main roads into and through the valley, connecting Bendigo with other capital and regional cities.
The Bendigo Valley contains the entire city of Bendigo and surrounding suburbs which also encompass the former Borough of Eaglehawk. The valley is located within the local government area of the City of Greater Bendigo.
History.
The original inhabitants of the Bendigo Valley are the Dja Dja Wurrung (Jarra) people. They exploited the rich local hunting grounds from which they were displaced by the arrival of European settlers, who established the first of many vast sheep runs in 1837.
The first European settlers, who arrived in 1837 after the survey of the area in 1836 by Major Sir Thomas Mitchell, used the Bendigo Valley for their working bullocks as the valley was "wide, gentle, well-grassed and secluded". Later the settlers brought sheep to the creek valley, making it an outstation of the Mount Alexander North pastoral run and building a hut on the creek in the valley. The creek was just within the north-eastern boundary of the Mount Alexander North pastoral run. The location on Bendigo Creek where gold was alleged to have been first discovered in October 1851 was a short distance from that shepherd's hut.
Although the Bendigo Valley was first surveyed in 1852, in 1854 the Surveyor-General of Victoria, Captain Andrew Clarke, undertook detailed survey work in the Bendigo Valley following an initial survey by William Swan Urquhart in 1852. However, it was Richard William Larritt, the district surveyor, who subsequently planned and surveyed the Bendigo Valley. Larritt included the town of Sandhurst and the hamlet of White Hills within the municipal boundary in his "Plan of the Valley of Bendigo" in 1856.
Etymology.
The occupants of the Mount Alexander North run, later called the Ravenswood run, named the creek "Bendigo' Creek", originally spelled "Bednego Creek" after a local bullock driver and employee of the Mount Alexander North run. Although the bullock driver's actual name remains unknown, he "was handy with his fists" and was consequently nicknamed for the English bare-knuckle prizefighter William Abednego "Bendigo" Thompson (1811-1880) who was then at the height of his fame. So the word "Bendigo" is a corruption of the name "Abednego" in its shortened form, "Bednego".


Stewardship End Result Contracting

Stewardship end result contracting is an approach to national forest management wherein timber sales can be expanded to require purchasers to perform additional silvicultural activities. Such goods-for-services contracts have been authorized by Congress on a limited basis in several of the annual Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Acts. (Although part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the U.S. Forest Service has been funded in these Acts since the 1950s.).
See also.
Stewardship Contracting Reauthorization and Improvement Act


Charles-Auguste-Maximilien Globensky

Charles-Auguste-Maximilien (C.A.M.) Globensky (November 15, 1830 – February 12, 1906) was a writer and politician. C.A.M. Globensky was the grandson of August Franz Globensky, a Polish surgeon who fought alongside Hessian mercenaries for the British during the American Revolutionary war, settling in Verchères, Quebec, and the son of Lieutenant-Colonel Maximilien Globensky.
Career.
He was born in Saint-Eustache, Lower Canada and was educated at the Seminaire de Ste-Therese and the College de Montreal. Globensky was seigneur of Milles-Isles.
An expert in agriculture, C.A.M. Globensky published a number of articles on the subject and was president of the Agricultural Society of Two Mountains.
In 1854, he married Virginia Marguerite Dumont.
In 1868 and 1869 he wrote a series of articles on the development of railways in Quebec. Beginning in 1873, he published widely read political articles in "Le Monde" and "La Minerve". In 1883 he published a book, "La Rébellion de 1837 à Saint-Eustache", dedicated to defending the memory of his father against accusations of not supporting the Patriotes in the 1837 Rebellion as well as providing a political analysis of the uprising.
In an 1875 by-election, he sought a seat in the House of Commons of Canada as an Independent representing Two Mountains. During the election campaign, the loyalist sympathies of his family were the subject of debate, but he was elected nevertheless. Disliking politics, he resigned his office the following year. In 1888 he was offered a seat in the Senate of Canada but declined.
Globensky also served as mayor of Saint-Eustache.
He died in Saint-Eustache at the age of 75.
Today, his home located at 233 rue Saint-Eustache in Saint-Eustache, Quebec, is home to a museum displaying information about and relics from the Battle of Saint-Eustache in 1837.


Louis Blaringhem

Louis Florimond Joseph Blaringhem (1 February 1878 in Locon – 1 January 1958 in Paris) was a French agronomist and botanist.
Career.
From 1899 to 1903 he studied at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris, where for several years he worked as an associate researcher in geology (1903–04) and botany (1904–07). During this time period he served as an assistant in the laboratory of agriculture at the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle under Julien Noël Costantin. He also conducted research at marine biological station in Wimereux with Alfred Giard, as well as at the marine laboratory in Tatihou with Edmond Perrier and at laboratory for plant biology in Fontainebleau under Gaston Bonnier.
He performed studies of corn and barley varieties, did analysis of wheat varieties that were most suitable for the pasta industry, and conducted research of tobacco in an attempt to find the best way of producing nicotine. During the summer months of 1905–09 he studied under Hugo de Vries at the Amsterdam Botanical Garden, where he conducted research on mutations and hybrids of "Oenothera". In 1909 he was appointed "chef de service" at the Institut Pasteur by Emile Roux.
From 1912 to 1922 he served as a professor of agriculture at the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers, then from 1922 to 1929 was a lecturer in botany at the Sorbonne, where in 1930 he received the title of professor. In 1928 he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences (botany section), and in 1928/29 served as director of the "Maison Franco-Japonaise" in Tokyo — in this position he met with Emperor Hirohito on several occasions.
Blaringhem was an advocate of Lamarckian evolution and mutationism. He proposed a Lamarckian mutationist synthesis.
Selected works.
In 1909 he published "Espèces et variétés : leur naissance par mutation", a translation of Hugo de Vries' "Species and varieties, their origin by mutation". His other principal works include:


Ektor Tsironikos

Ektor Tsironikos (; Arachova, Iraia, Arkadia, 1882 – 1964) was a Greek businessman and a collaborationist minister in certain German-appointed Greek governments during the Axis occupation of Greece.


Mount Salem Vineyards

Mount Salem Vineyards is a boutique winery in the Pittstown section of Alexandria Township in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. Formerly a produce, grain, and dairy farm, the vineyard was first planted in 2005, and opened to the public in 2010. Peter Leiter, the proprietor of Mount Salem, founded the Appalachian Highlands Vinifera Society, whose mission is to enhance the quality of wine grape growing and winemaking in Northern New Jersey. Mount Salem has 7 acres of grapes under cultivation, and produces 1,000 cases of wine per year. The winery is located at over 600 feet above sea level on Mount Salem, the mountain for which the farm is named.
Wines.
Mount Salem Vineyards specializes in the use of Austrian and Northern Italian grapes. Wine is produced from Albariño, Barbera, Blaufränkisch (Lemberger), Cabernet Franc, Chardonnay, Grüner Veltliner, Merlot, Riesling, St. Laurent, Traminette, Viognier, and Zweigelt grapes. It is the only winery in New Jersey that produces wine from St. Laurent, which is a "vinifera" grape indigenous to Austria. Mount Salem is not located in one of New Jersey's three viticultural areas.
Advocacy, licensing and associations.
Mount Salem advocates Burgundian winemaking practices, including a strong emphasis on terroir, and the use of high-quality fruit and labor-intensive farming practices to produce premium wines. Mount Salem has a farm winery license from the New Jersey Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control, which allows it to produce up to 50,000 gallons of wine per year, operate up to 15 off-premises sales rooms, and ship up to 12 cases per year to consumers in-state or out-of-state. The winery is not a member of the Garden State Wine Growers Association, but is a member of the Outer Coastal Plain Vineyard Association.


Orchardleigh Estate

Orchardleigh (also spelled Orchardlea) is a country estate in Somerset, approximately two miles north of Frome, and on the southern edge of the village of Lullington. The privately held estate comprises a Victorian country house, the Orchardleigh Lake with its island church, and an 18-hole golf course.
Orchardleigh is available for weddings and other events. Various accommodation is provided, both in the house itself and at adjacent lodges and cottages in the extensive grounds.
Within the old estate are the Orchardleigh Stones, a probable neolithic burial chamber which was excavated in 1803 and 1804, when human bones and cremation urns were discovered.
The Church of St Mary, Orchardlea, dates from the 13th century and is Grade I listed. The churchyard contains the grave of the poet Sir Henry Newbolt. The Gloucester Lodge gatehouse was built in the early 19th century.
The parish was part of the hundred of Frome.
The old Orchardleigh House was just south of the church. Its heyday was the time of Sir Thomas Champneys, 1st Baronet, High Sheriff of Somerset in 1775, but all that remains of that period is the boathouse, rotunda, the Lullington gateway, and the Tudor lodges dating from the 1820s. The old house was demolished and the present one built in 1856 by Thomas Henry Wyatt for William Duckworth. The new house is described by Pevsner as "picturesque, irregular, and in a mixed Elizabethan style", and is a Grade II* listed building.
The Duckworth family.
William Duckworth (1795-1876) bought the Orchardleigh Estate in 1855 and built the house in 1856. He was born in 1795 in Manchester. His father was George Duckworth who was lord of the manor in Over Darwen in the parish of Blackburn. When his father died in 1815 William and his brother Samuel inherited his estates. Samuel died in 1847 and as he was unmarried he also left his fortune to William. When William bought the Orchardleigh Estate in 1855 he was an extremely wealthy man and was therefore able to afford the elegant house that still stands today.
In 1825 he married Hester Emily Philips who was the daughter of Robert Philips who owned an estate in Prestwich called "The Park". The couple had four sons and one daughter. Their youngest son was Herbert who in 1867 married Julia Prinsep Jackson. They are both shown in the photo on the left shortly after their marriage. The photo was taken by Leslie Stephen the famous author and historian who at this time was a close personal friend of Herbert. They had become friends when they were students at Cambridge University ten years before. Herbert died in 1870 from appendicitis and Julia was left a widow with three young children. She later married Leslie Stephen in 1878 after his wife died. They had four more children one of whom was Virginia Woolf.
William died in 1876 and his son Reverend William Arthur Duckworth inherited the house. He was born in 1829 and was educated at Eton and then went to Cambridge University. In 1859 he married Edina Campbell who was the daughter of John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell. The couple had five daughters and two sons. The eldest son Major Arthur Campbell Duckworth inherited the house when his father died in 1917. He married in 1897 Viola Davies-Evans who was the daughter of Colonel Herbert Davies-Evans.
The couple had three children one of whom was Sylvia Duckworth. In 1924 she married Major Horton Fawkes and the reception was held at Orchardleigh. The wedding which had over 600 guests was reported in numerous papers with photographs. One paper made the following comments.
When Arthur Campbell Duckworth died in 1948 his son Arthur Victor Duckworth inherited the property.
After the Duckworths.
In 1986, Arthur Duckworth died, and Orchardleigh was soon sold. Work started on redevelopment, but in 1989 the developer's loans were called in by the bank and work ceased for 13 years. In 2002, a new scheme was started to build the current hotels and golf courses.
The boathouse is included in the Heritage at Risk Register produced by English Heritage. The estate also contains a bridge incorporating a sluice, a semicircular bridge, a garden house, a keepers lodge and a stables and coachhouse, which all date from the same period as the main house and are also listed buildings.
Within the grounds, which were landscaped – possibly by Humphrey Repton – and are included in the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England, is the Wood Lodge Summerhouse.
The gardens and pleasure grounds are listed, Grade II*, on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England.
Orchardleigh has been used as a filming location, including for the 2009 TV series "The Queen" and the 1987 episode of Miss Marple, "4.50 from Paddington".


Rigobert Ngouolali

Rigobert Ngouolali is a Congolese politician. He served in the government of Congo-Brazzaville as Minister of Water, Forests, and Fishing during the 1990s, and he has been President of Action for the Rebirth of Congo (ARC), a political party, since 2008.
Professional career.
A graduate of the National School of Water and Forestry Engineering ("École nationale des ingénieurs des travaux des eaux et forêts", ENITEF) in France, Ngouolali is a water and forestry engineer by profession. He was Co-Director of the Forester Center for Training and Demonstration, a United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) project based in Mossendjo, from 1967 to 1969. Ngouolali then worked as Director of Water and Forests at the Ministry of Agriculture, Water, and Forests from 1969 to 1976. Subsequently he was Congo-Brazzaville's Representative to the African Timber Organization, based in Libreville, from 1976 to 1990. Ngouolali was the African Timber Organization's Director of Industrialization from 1976 to 1981 and its Deputy Secretary-General from 1981 to 1990. He then worked as Deputy Director-General of the Industrial Afforestation Unit of Congo from 1990 to 1991.
Political career during the 1990s.
Ngouolali participated in the February–June 1991 National Conference, which initiated a political transition leading to multiparty elections. After the National Conference, he helped to found the Union of Democratic Forces (UFD), a political party led by Charles David Ganao, and he became the First Vice-President of the UFD. In the May 1992 local elections, Ngouolali was elected as a municipal councillor in Brazzaville. He was then elected to the National Assembly in the June–July 1992 parliamentary election as the UFD candidate in Talangaï, the sixth "arrondissement" of Brazzaville.
The National Assembly elected in 1992 sat for only a few months before it was dissolved by President Pascal Lissouba, who preferred to call another election rather than cooperate with an opposition-controlled National Assembly. In the May–June 1993 parliamentary election, Ngouolali was re-elected to the National Assembly as the UFD candidate in Talangaï. The Presidential Tendency, a coalition of parties that supported Lissouba and included the UFD, won a parliamentary majority in that election.
Although the opposition furiously contested the official results of the 1993 election, President Lissouba proceeded to appoint a new government based on his parliamentary majority on 23 June 1993. In that government, led by Prime Minister Joachim Yhombi-Opango, Ngouolali was appointed as Minister of Water, Forests, and Fishing. He was not included in the government appointed on 23 January 1995.
Political activities since 2007.
In the June 2007 parliamentary election, Ngouolali stood again as a candidate for the sixth constituency of Talangaï, but he was defeated. He subsequently left the UFD in October 2007, objecting to the party's decision to join the Presidential Majority supporting President Denis Sassou Nguesso; according to Ngouolali, that decision was made by the leadership without properly consulting the rest of the party. He then formed a new political party, the Action for the Rebirth of Congo (ARC), which he officially launched on 12 January 2008. The ARC initially drew most of its support from the Talangaï section of Brazzaville. It joined an opposition coalition, the Alliance for a New Republic (ANR), in November 2008.
In February 2009, together with 17 other opposition leaders, Ngouolali signed an agreement on the creation of a front intended to defeat President Sassou Nguesso in the July 2009 presidential election. Ngouolali was one of 17 individuals who applied to stand as candidates in that election. However, in a ruling on 18 June 2009, the Constitutional Court rejected Ngouolali's candidacy on the grounds that he had provided a post office box number instead of identifying a place of residence. According to the Court, Ngouolali had thus failed to prove his continuous residency in Congo-Brazzaville over the preceding two years, as required by the Constitution. Ngouolali was one of four candidates whose applications were rejected by the Court.
Speaking on 23 June 2009, Ngouolali complained that he did not understand why his candidate application was rejected, noting that he had documentation demonstrating his residency in Brazzaville. According to Ngouolali, an official had told him that, because he lived in an apartment, it would be acceptable for him to list a post office box instead of a street address. Nevertheless, Ngouolali stressed that he respected the Court's decision; his reluctance to criticize the Court stood in contrast to statements from some other opposition leaders, who did not hesitate to denounce the Court's rulings as politically motivated. He expressed his hope that "one day, when the sun of freedom, genuine democracy, national unity, and reconciliation truly shine on Congo", he could participate in a "genuine opposition".
Marking the ARC's second anniversary at festivities in Brazzaville on 19 February 2010, Ngouolali said that the elections held under Sassou Nguesso were not genuinely democratic, and he called on his party to work for a return to the kind of democratic elections that were held in the 1990s. He argued that the ARC's strength was not reflected in the official results of the 2008 local elections.
The ARC was included in an opposition coalition, the Front of Congolese Opposition Parties (FPOC), and at FPOC's third national convention, held in Brazzaville on 9–10 April 2011, Ngouolali was elected as President of FPOC. He succeeded Clément Mierassa at the head of the coalition; its leadership was held on a rotating basis.


Denby Dale Pies

Denby Dale Pies is a manufacturer of pies founded in the 'Pie Village' of Denby Dale, West Yorkshire, England. Their products are sold in branches of Sainsbury's, Tesco, Waitrose, the Co-operative Food, Asda, Morrisons and Booths.
History.
The village's renowned pies are a tradition dating back 220 years, usually baked to celebrate events and occasions of national importance. A total of ten commemorative pies have been baked, as part of the 9 festivals held since the year 1788. The first of these is thought to have marked the return to sanity of King George III, with the home of the first Denby Dale pie being the White Hart Inn. 200 years later, in 1988, another was baked to mark two centuries since the first. The BBC Radio One Roadshow broadcast live from the event, which served over 90,000 people and would see the village awarded a Guinness World Record for the world's biggest meat and potato pie. Pies have been baked in Denby Dale to celebrate Wellington's victory at Waterloo, as well as the 1846 repeal of the Corn Laws, which would see lower bread prices. The original 1887 pie baked to commemorate Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee spoiled, " the most famed incident in pie history is recorded for this, the fourth pie - once the pie appeared at Norman park, having been cooked at the White Hart by Halifax bakers led by a London chef, crowds swamped it. Yet as they dug into it, a rather unpleasant smell arose! - “emitted such an intolerable stench that a number of persons were injured in the stampede to escape.” ".( and was this the pie trampled underfoot ? ) A second was created a week later, known as the Resurrection Pie. 50 years later, another pie was created to mark the anniversary of the move. Ten years after the end of the First World War, a belated victory pie was created to raise funds for Huddersfield Royal Infirmary. In 1964, another was baked to celebrate the year's four royal births, though the event was marred by tragedy as four of the main organisers were killed in a car crash on returning from filming a program about the pie at the ITV Studios. In 2000, a special Millennium Pie was baked, serving over 22,000 people. The first slice was cut by well-known cricket umpire Dickie Bird. In time for the UK's National Pie Week 2012, Yorkshire laureate Ian McMillan wrote and performed a 'Piem' devoted to Denby Dale's creations. The Denby Dale Pie Company was sold to Chapel Foods Ltd. in 2013, and became part of Country Style Foods in 2015.
Television features.
Denby Dale's pies have been featured several times on mainstream television. In 2011, the Hairy Bikers featured the village's most famous export in an episode of their series "The Hairy Bikers' Mum Knows Best". The pie which marked the 1887 Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria was recreated, based on historical accounts of the recipe, in a 2012 episode of Channel 5's "The Great Northern Cookbook" – weighing in at 1.5 tons.
The pies were also featured in a September 2015 episode of the hit BBC One show "The Great British Bake Off".
Awards and recognition.
Denby Dale Pies was judged to produce the country's best meat and potato pie in a contest held by ITV's "The Paul O'Grady Show" in 2004, with the final of the competition held live on the teatime chat show. In 2012, the Denby Dale Chicken and Gravy Pie was awarded silver in the British Pie Awards. In July 2013, Princess Anne visited the company's flagship factory in Denby Dale. Two of the company's products were shortlisted for recognition in the 2015 FreeFrom Food Awards.


Fiatallis

Fiatallis (1985 to early 1990s, Fiat-Allis 1974 to 1985), was a brand of heavy equipment (also called construction equipment, earthmoving equipment, or engineering vehicles), such as loaders, bulldozers, backhoes, scrapers, and graders. It began in 1974, when Allis-Chalmers's construction equipment business was reorganized into a joint venture with Fiat SpA, which bought a 65% majority stake at the outset.
Allis-Chalmers's construction equipment business was often not profitable during the 1950s and 1960s. It faced stiff competition from companies such as Caterpillar, Case, Euclid, John Deere, Fiat MMT, and others. The 1974 formation of a new company, Fiat-Allis, was essentially a divestment.
Over the next decade, Fiat continued to invest in Fiat-Allis, more so than Allis-Chalmers did. The two parent firms disagreed on decisions made at, and about, Fiat-Allis. In 1985, the joint venture ended. Fiat bought out Allis's remaining minority stake (which had shrunk from its original 35%). Fiat renamed the company Fiatallis.
Cooperation with Hitachi yielded Fiat-Hitachi branding for some years. Fiatallis was eventually sold to CNH, of which Fiat is a major stockholder. CNH retired the Fiatallis brand and merged the company's assets with others from Case and New Holland Machine Company. CNH's construction equipment lines are called New Holland Construction and Case Construction Equipment.
In Argentina, Fiat-Allis was produced by Crybsa. This product under license 605-B excavator, C-130 and crawler tractor 7D.
The longtime site of wheel loader production in Deerfield, Illinois at 500 Lake Cook Road is now the corporate location for Caterpillar, Inc..


Ludwig Mitterpacher

Ludwig (Ljudevit) Mitterpacher von Mitterburg (1734, Bilje – 1814) was a Hungarian agronomist, botanist, zoologist and entomologist.
Mitterpacher was a professor of natural history in Budapest working with fellow professor Matthias Piller (1733–1788).
He wrote "Elementa Rei Rusticae in Usum Academiarum Regni Hungariae Budae: Typis Regiae Universitatis, Anno MDCCLXXIX and M. DCC. XCIV"( 1779 and 1794), a study of the theory and practice of agricultural science.
and in 1783 with Matthias Piller Iter per Poseganam Sclavoniaeprovinciam mensibus Junio, et Julio Anno MDCCLXXXII susceptum. Regiae Universitatis, Budapest, a 147-page work with 16 plates in which they described new species of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera.


Marselisborg (manor)

Marselisborg was a farm, manor and barony in Aarhus, Denmark which existed through the 1200s to 1910 under varying ownership and status. The original farm was situated in the present day Marselisborg neighborhood south of the city centre. In 1896 the city of Aarhus purchased the manor and in 1911 dissolved the estate and sold the land off for development. The manor was named after and by Gabriel Marselis who was the first private owner and many landmarks in the area are in turn named for the manor such as Marselisborg Forests, Marselisborg Hospital and Marselisborg Palace.
History.
The original Havreballegaard farm can be traced to the 1200s when it was the property of the Diocese of Aarhus. However, in 1536 the reformation in Denmark was concluded and all church property was confiscated by the Crown. In 1544 it was owned by the king who incorporated it with his other estates in the area. When absolute monarchy was enacted in 1660, the system of fiefs was reorganized and Havreballegård came in private ownership.
The first private owner was the Dutch merchant Gabriel Marselis who was given the manor and lands by King Frederik III as repayment for debts incurred by the Crown during the Second Northern War. Gabriel Marselis did not move to Denmark himself but his sons would later assume control of his estates there. Constantin Marselis took over the manors Havreballegaard and Stadsgård in 1673. Marselis made Stadsgård his home and renamed it Constantinsborg. In 1684 he was made a Danish baron and Havreballegård was elevated to the barony Marselisborg (Lit. Marselis' Castle). Constantin Marselis died childless and the manor changed hands a number of times until the 1860s when Hans Peter Ingerslev purchased it and became the last private owner.
In the 1890s, Frederiksbjerg was almost fully developed and Aarhus city council negotiated with Ingerslev, then Danish Minister of the Interior, to purchase the manor and associated lands. Ingerslev owned both the manor and the forests on the hills south of it. The negotiations were successful and on 18 April 1896 Ingerslev signed the preliminary agreement for the sale of the manor and most of the estate, with options for the rest. Ingerslev died two days later but the city honored the agreement and bought both the manor and the forests. The municipality initially operated the farm as a business and developed the land piecemeal, most notably Marselisborg Palace and the palace garden in 1898. However, the farming operation suffered several fires and it was decided to dissolve the manor and subdivide its lands for development. In 1911, the main building was demolished.
Buildings.
In the 1570s Frederik II (1534-1588) decided to build a grain magazine at the manor "Aarhusgaard" but abandoned the plans in 1576. The building materials were instead transferred to Havreballegård and the seignory there instructed to build a new main building for the manor for the future use of the king. The result was a large stone building surrounded by moats and ramparts.
However, during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) Jutland was occupied by enemy troops and Havreballegård was greatly damaged. Subsequently, the manor was only scantily repaired due to financial difficulty. Less than 10 years later, during the Second Northern War (1657-1660), occupation by Swedish forces again damaged the buildings. In 1756 the manor house was still only a modest half-timbered building and owners still preferred to live elsewhere. When Christian Rudolph Philip Gersdorffs owned Marselisborg a new primary building was finally erected since the old one could not be repaired. The new building was in 3 wings in Neoclassical style. Aarhus Municipality took ownership of the manor in 1896 and it was torn down in 1910.


Sheung Shui Slaughterhouse

The Sheung Shui Slaughterhouse () is a slaughterhouse in the outskirts of Sheung Shui, New Territories, Hong Kong. The installation was built by China State Construction. Construction began on February 1997, at a cost of HK$ 1.858 billion. It covers 5.8 hectares and is the largest slaughterhouse in Hong Kong, as well as being one of the largest in Asia according to the Architectural Services Department.
As of January 2000, pollution and hygienic controls of the slaughterhouse conform to international standard, and received ISO 14001 environmental management certification. The slaughterhouse is currently managed and operated by Ng Fung Hong Limited, who were contracted by the Hong Kong Government.
Today, the slaughterhouse can accommodate 12,000 pigs and 2200 cows. It is outfitted with sewage treatment, a water recycling plant and advanced slaughter machines which can operate mostly without manpower. The facility can slaughter up to 5000 pigs, 400 cows and 300 lambs per day.
History.
The Sheung Shui Slaughterhouse replaced older slaughterhouses in Kennedy Town, Cheung Sha Wan and Yuen Long, which were closed for economic reasons as well as their proximity to urban areas. Reprovisioning the three abattoirs in a more remote area allowed the government to open 4.19 hectares of land for redevelopment of a type "more compatible with the surrounding areas". Additionally, the location in Sheung Shui, near the border with mainland China, allows livestock to be offloaded immediately after crossing the Hong Kong border, negating the need to run noisy and smelly livestock trains through developed areas.
Construction of the slaughterhouse commenced on 18 February 1997. It was substantially completed in June 1999 and fully commissioned by March 2000.
Description.
The slaughterhouse is a complex of several interconnected blocks.
The designed daily throughput of the facility is 5,000 pigs, 100 suckling pigs, 400 cattle and 300 goats.
There is an underground wastewater treatment plant of approximately 9,500 square metres. It can treat 5,000 square metres of wastewater per day. The effluent from the slaughterhouse is 10 times more concentrated than domestic effluent, so the on-site treatment plant uses bacteria and micro-organisms to treat the wastewater to domestic standard before discharging it to the adjacent Shek Wu Hui Sewage Treatment Works for final treatment.
The abattoir incorporates several green features. A solar hot water system, comprising 450 solar panels on the rooftop of the meat despatch block, helps meet the daily hot water requirements of 630 cubic metres. A heat pump makes use of heat from the air conditioning to further heat the water. Greywater from the adjacent sewage treatment works is used for cooling the condenser of the slaughterhouse air conditioning plant.
The Sheung Shui Slaughterhouse is the largest slaughterhouse in Hong Kong.
Transport.
Before the Sheung Shui Slaughterhouse opened, the freight trains that carried livestock from Mainland China through the Lo Wu border station would terminate at Hung Hom station, which was once the south-most end of former KCR British Section / East Rail.
This slaughterhouse is set in the outskirts in Sheung Shui, next to the rail tracks of MTR East Rail line between Lo Wu station and Sheung Shui station. A dedicated rail branch and freight station were built for unloading the livestock. This relieved the already busy East Rail line, which previously shared with the East Rail commuter trains and Through Train service. The dedicated branch also avoids the waiting passengers and residents near East Rail, thus no longer exposing them to the stench from livestock trains.


Thomas Carmichael

Thomas Carmichael (October 12, 1830 – October 13, 1902) was an Irish-American lumberman and politician from Eau Claire, Wisconsin, who spent four discontinuous terms as a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.
Background.
Carmichael was born in Kings County, Ireland on Oct. 12,1830 and was educated in the Irish National Schools. He emigrated to the United States in 1851, becoming a lumberman and settling for some time in Unadilla, New York, before moving in 1857 to Wisconsin, and eventually settling in Eau Claire.
Upon the outbreak of the American Civil War, he helped fund a company for the 17th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment, but they were not organized in time to enlist in the 17th. He and the 35 men he had enlisted left for St. Louis, where they joined the 10th Wisconsin Light Artillery Battery, with Carmichael becoming a private. He took part in sieges and battles at Corinth, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, and several minor battles in which the Army of the Cumberland was involved up to the surrender of Chattanooga. He was promoted to 1st Lieutenant in the newly-organized 37th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and served on recruiting and other detached service until he was discharged in October 1864, due to an illness (unspecified) from which he never fully recovered.
Public office.
Upon the 1872 organization of the City of Eau Claire, Carmichael became alderman for his Ward; he also served on the Eau Claire County Board of Supervisors. He was a delegate to the 1873 Democratic state convention, and was elected that year to the Assembly's Eau Claire County seat as a member of the Liberal Reform Party (a short-lived coalition of Democrats, reform and Liberal Republicans, and Grangers which secured the election of one Governor of Wisconsin, as well as electing a number of state legislators), defeating Republican William P. Bartlett with 1,065 votes to 851 for Bartlett. He was assigned to the standing committees on lumber and manufactures; and on the militia. He did not run for re-election, and was replaced the next year by Republican Jonathan G. Callahan.
In 1876 he was once again elected to the Assembly, this time as a Democrat, with 2,101 votes to 1,905 for Republican C. C. Miller (Republican incumbent Hobart Stocking was not a candidate). He was assigned to the standing committee on state affairs. He was not a candidate for re-election in 1877, and was succeeded by Republican Julius Ingram.
In 1880 he was the Democratic candidate for his old seat, losing to Republican incumbent Ira B. Bradford with 1725 votes to Bradford's 2,263. In 1881, Bradford was not a candidate, and Carmichael, the Democratic nominee, reclaimed his old seat with 1872 votes to 1,147 for Republican N. C. Foster. He was assigned to the committee on privileges and elections. In 1882 he was re-elected, not as a Democrat but as an anti-monopoly candidate, with 1,165 votes, to 1062 for Republican John Hunner, 795 for the Democratic nominee L. R. Larson, and 446 for Prohibitionist C. R. Kellerman. He chose to join the Democrats in the Assembly, and was not only assigned once more to the committee lumber and manufactures but assigned as its chairman. He was not a candidate for re-election in 1883, and was succeeded by Republican John Edward Williams.
After his last term.
Carmichael was selected a delegate to the 1884 state Democratic convention. He remained active as a lumberman (the legislature being very much a part-time occupation in that era); but was also much in demand as a speaker at pro-labor events. and was considered a spokesman for the "workingmen" faction within the Democratic Party (who did not, in his stated opinion, need or want to run a third party at this time) and for the labor movement.
As of 1890 he had apparently given up on the Democratic Party; in that year, he ran for the Eau Claire Assembly seat again, as a Union Labor candidate, coming in third in a four-way race. In 1892, with Eau Claire having been divided into two districts, he ran in the first district as a Populist, coming in fourth in another four-way race.
In 1896 he was among the members of the Wisconsin unit of the Silver Party who supported the endorsement of the Democratic/Populist electoral fusion strategy and nomination of William Jennings Bryant.
Death and aftermath.
Carmichael died on the afternoon of October 13, 1902 in Eau Claire. He left an extensive estate, including land in nine Wisconsin counties, the city of Eau Claire, Itasca County, Minnesota, and Brown County, South Dakota, valued at US $60,000. Some time in 1902, three former business associates of Carmichael's discovered that he had left a single living relative, an elderly sister living in Edenderry, Ireland. One of them, John A. Jacobs, travelled to Ireland and purchased the sister's rights in the estate for £2,620. The information was cabled to the United States, and the trio obtained court orders blocking any sale of lands in the Carmichael estate. The subsequent lawsuits would be tied up in courts through 1909.


Jon Sundby

Jon Sundby (born 8 June 1883 in Vestby, died 14 December 1972 in Vestby) was a Norwegian farmer, politician and a council of state, and he had central positions of trust within agricultural economic organizations. He served as Minister of Agriculture and food from 1931-1932 and Minister of Finance from 1932-1933.
Personal life.
Sundby was born and grew up at Sundby farmyard in Vestby, Akershus, as the youngest child out of six. His father, Julius James Sundby (1837–1911) was a farmer and a political spokesman for Høyre, the conservatives, in Vestby, married to Othilie Strand (1841–1909). Jon Sundby married Bertha Marie Mørk on 29 April 1915.
Jon Sundby was the great-grandfather of the Olympic Champion Siren Sundby.
Education.
Sundby graduated state school in 1900, where he continued his education at Sem landbruksskole in Asker where he graduated in 1903. After graduating Norges landbrukshøgskole (Norwegian School of Agriculture) in 1905, and in 1908 he got a scholarship for Illinois College of Agriculture in United States.
Career.
Early career.
Sundby worked as a teacher and for a while he was working as an elected officer at Sem during the period from 1906-12. From 1912 to 1960 he was a farmer at Sundby farmyard in Vestby.
Politician.
Sundby was a board member of the Party of Agriculture from 1928 to 1945, and represented the party in Vestby for two periods. He was a member of the parliament from 1922 to 1945. During the governance of the Party of Agriculture, Sundby was a Norwegian Minister of Agriculture, 1931–1932, as well as head of the Ministry of Finance in 1932 under Jens Hundseid, then Minister of Finance 1932-1933. He was initially unwilling to become a council of the state, but gave in due to an ultimatum from Peder Kolstad when he was the Minister of Agriculture in 1931. Sundby was pivotal in developing the Norwegian subsidy schemes of agriculture.
Public engagements.
In parallel to his political career Sundby had central positions of trust in the organizations of agriculture. He was the chief officer for "Østlandets Melkesentral" 1930-57, where he became an honorary member in 1958. He was also in trusted positions in "Norske Melkeprodusenters Landsforbund" and "Meieribrukets Sentralstyre", as well as being the chairman of Felleskontoret for the central federation of agriculture 1945-57. Sundby was at the board of directors of the Norges Bank from 1938 to 1944, and continued for some more years after the war. In the period from 1909-21 he undertook several visits to Western-Europe as a consultant for Norsk Hydro.
Sundby was a clever academic- and political writer, and he was the author behind many books questioning and discussing agricultural concerns. He also wrote several articles within academic- and the daily press, especially as a member of staff in Tidens Tegn and Nationen.
Jon Sundbys medal of honor.
Jon Sundbys medal of honor is awarded every second year to a person who has conducted achievements within dairy or agriculture more over. The medal of honor was first awarded in 1956. It is financed by the proceeds from Jon Sundbys fund.
Among winners to be mentioned are professor Roger K. Abrahamsen (2005), farmer Kåre Syrstad (1999), professor Berge Furre (1997), the general secretary Hans Haga (1991), the Norwegian 4H (1983) and professor Harald Skjervold (1970).


Edva Jacobsen

Edva Jacobsen (born 1964) is a Faroese economist and politician. On 29 October 2011, she was elected to serve in the Løgting (Faroese Parliament) as a member of the Union Party. She was not re-elected in 2015.
Born on 31 August 1964, Jacobsen lives in Fuglafjørður, a village on the east coast of Eysturoy. After working in banking for 25 years, she entered politics in 2010, substituting for Johan Dahl in the Løgting. She graduated in consumer economics in 2002, specializing in financial management.


Stracciata

Stracciata is a fresh "pasta filata" cheese produced in Italy. Stracciata is formed into flat strips of about 4–5 cm wide, 1 cm thick and folded in on itself in a uniform manner or woven wire, made with cow's milk. The name "stracciata" means "tattered" in Italian.
History.
Stracciata is produced in the municipalities of Agnone, Capracotta, Carovilli and Vastogirardi with milk from local breeds of cattle, mostly kept at pasture and fed with fodder. The milk from the evening milking and morning in the boiler is heated cans, to a variable temperature of 36°–38° Celsius (98°–100° Fahrenheit), depending on the weather.
Salt is added to milk. The whey "zizza" is prepared with the acid whey processing of the previous day and the rennet, mostly in powder, left to curdle for about 20–30 minutes. The curd is then broken into pieces the size of a grain of corn and allowed to cool for an hour or two. Finally part of the whey is removed to be used for ricotta, and the curd is left to precipitate and sottosiero rest for about 90 minutes. Then the curd is fed, rested on the table mitters cut and left to further acidify the optimal point: sometimes the cheese-maker assesses the maturation, testing the consistency between his fingers and trying spinning with a small aliquot of putting on a big spoon wood and immersed in boiling water. When the curd has reached the right maturity, it is further crushed, placed in wooden tub beech or oak and pour almost boiling water (90 °C / 194 °F).
The curd is kneaded with a wooden spoon (heaped), with movements of ironing, pressure, and modeled by hand. After about 10 minutes of spinning, the dough is formed into long strips to form large and flattened, firmer in cold water and then placed in brine. Subsequently the strip is portioned, tearing pieces of length of about 50 cm, which are then packaged bowing back three times on themselves, in pieces of about 400–500 g, to be consumed within a few days. The tattered is produced in all periods of the year even if particularly appreciated is the one produced in the summer months when the animals are conducted in the green pastures of Molise.
While using traditional materials and equipment (such as tin-plated copper boiler, wooden tub, wooden or steel) compliance with the rules of good hygiene practices and / or precise plans of self-control, allow you to adequately contain the contamination process. Moreover, the acidification of the curd and especially the spinning process in water at high temperature (90 °C / 194 °F), allow to reach approximately 64°–65 °C (147–149 °F) at the heart of the dough, with a further reduction of the microbial flora contaminant.
History.
Stracciata ("tattered") derives its name from the act of "tearing" strips of cheese curds and spinning them into a long and flat piece. It originated in Molise, primarily in Agnone. It was especially eaten at parties and weddings, with household receptions in which, among other things, there was always the bread with ham and stracciata cheese. The stracciata cheese, due to its long, flat shape, was often laid on the bed of bread.
Serving indications.
Stracciata is consumed primarily uncooked, accompanied by ham and olive oil or salad, no later than five days after production.
Rewards.
Stracciata is not marketed in Lazio, but the Pope is buying dairy products from Molise, including stracciata, from the dairy Molise Franco Di Nucci: it is therefore an important reference point for the menu of the Pope and the Vatican City.


Bucks County Show

The Bucks County Show is an annual one-day agricultural show held in Buckinghamshire, England established in 1859. In recent years it has been held in Weedon Park, two miles north of Aylesbury on the last Thursday of August. The show is organised by Bucks County Agricultural Association, a registered charity.
History.
The show was established in 1859 and was originally known as the Royal and Central Bucks Show following the amalgamation of the Royal Bucks Agricultural Association (obtaining its royal prefix in 1834) and the Central Bucks Agricultural Society.
By 1891 it was called the Royal Bucks Show, and had 5,000 visitors and 670 entries.
Between 1988 and 1952 the show was held in the grounds of Hartwell House. Since 1988 when it has remained at Weedon Park.
Since its inception, the show has been held in various locations including Waddesdon Manor, Walton Grange, Mentmore and Chesham.
The show used to include ploughing matches held at Prebendal Farm, Aylesbury.
The 2014 show was the 147th. There have been breaks in its history due to war and the foot and mouth outbreak in 2001.


Michael Howard (Irish politician)

Michael Howard (19 September 1933 – 17 February 2009) was an Irish Fine Gael party politician who served in Seanad Éireann for nearly 20 years.
An unsuccessful candidate at the 1969 and 1973 general elections, he was first elected to Seanad Éireann in 1977 by the Industrial and Commercial Panel, he served until 1987 (in the 15th, 16th, and 17th Seanads) and again from 1989 to 1997 (in the 19th and 20th Seanads), in each case being returned by the Industrial and Commercial Panel. He lost his seat at the 1997 Seanad election. He was an associate member of the British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly in 1997.
Born in Lisdoonvarna, County Clare, he was a publican and farmer. He was also a member of Clare County Council and a president of the Vintners' Federation of Ireland.


Hezekiah William Foote

Hezekiah William Foote (a.k.a. Henry Foote) (1813–1899) was an American Confederate veteran, attorney, planter and state politician from Mississippi.
Early life.
Hezekiah William Foote was born on December 17, 1813, in Chester County, South Carolina. He moved to Macon, Noxubee County, Mississippi as a teenager. He studied the Law and passed the Mississippi Bar.
Career.
Foote raised cattle in Noxubee County, becoming the first settler to raise pedigree cattle in Mississippi. Meanwhile, he started a newspaper called "The Macon Intelligencer". He then served as Chancery Clerk of Noxubee County and was elected as district judge. He joined the Whig Party and later the Constitutional Union Party. He ran and lost the election to the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1856.
Foote became an ardent secessionist in favor of the Confederate States of America by 1860. During the American Civil War of 1861–1865, he served as a colonel in the Confederate States Army during the Battle of Belmont and the Battle of Shiloh.
Foote was elected as a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives and the Mississippi Senate. He also served as president of the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Macon, Mississippi.
Foote owned four plantations in the Mississippi Delta:
Foote served as superintendent of the Methodist Sunday School in Macon, Mississippi, for fifty-six years. He was one of the co-founders of Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, founded as a Methodist institution, and served on its board of trustees. He was related to Henry S. Foote, the governor of Mississippi from 1852 to 1854, who lived where the campus of Vanderbilt University was established.
Personal life.
Foote married Lucinda Frances Dade (1816–1856) in 1836. She inherited 3,000 acres of land in Issaquena County, Mississippi. They had a son, Huger Lee Foote.
Death and legacy.
Foote died on January 29, 1899, in Macon, Mississippi, where he was buried. His great-grandson was Shelby Foote, the Civil War author.


Henderson Luelling

Henderson William Luelling (April 23, 1809 – December 28, 1878) was an early Oakland, CA settler, horticulturist, Quaker and abolitionist. He introduced varietal fruits to the Pacific coast, first to Oregon and later to California, and gave the Fruitvale district its name. In his later years, he led a Utopian community from California to Honduras, only to encounter overwhelming adversity, which sent him back to California.
Early life: horticulture and abolitionism.
Luelling was born on April 23, 1809, in Randolph County, North Carolina, where he lived until at least 1822.
Luelling and his brother John went into the nursery business together in Henry County, Indiana in 1835. Soon after, Henderson became interested in Oregon, upon reading the journals of Lewis and Clark. Henderson moved to Salem, Iowa in 1837, purchasing land for a nursery jointly with John. John disposed of the Indiana property and joined Henderson in 1841. They also established a dry goods store.
In the early 1840s, Luelling and his wife, Jane Elizabeth Presnall Luelling, built a two-story residence with features for hiding former slaves on the Underground Railroad. They were ousted from the Salem Monthly Meeting of Friends, for their abolitionist activities.
The first orchards on the west coast.
Luelling and his family (including eight children) departed for Oregon in 1847. They brought a wagonload of 700 fruit trees, half of which survived the journey. He coordinated with William Meek, a fellow Iowa nurseryman. They selected a variety of fruits that would ripen from summer through winter. Meek also brought trees to Oregon, where the two reconvened and established a nursery where Milwaukie would soon be established. Luelling's brother Seth also joined them the following year, and though he also established himself in the fruit tree business, he did not partner with them. It is likely that Seth bought the nursery in about 1859.
Luelling sold trees for 1 to 1.50 each. Ultimately, the nursery supplied orchards for the settlers who came to Oregon following the passage of the Donation Land Claim Act in 1850.
The Luelling brothers' horticultural accomplishments have been described as the source of much of Milwaukie's early fame. The site of their first nursery in Milwaukie is now the Waverly Country Club.
Henderson left for the San Francisco Bay Area in 1854, with his son Alfred and son-in-law William Meek. Seth, and later Alfred, continued the Milwaukie nursery for many years, and it became a hub for populist and progressive political organization decades later.
Henderson bought 50 acres at the southern end of Alameda County, but after a title dispute, bought 400 acres on Sausal Creek in what is now Oakland. The orchard he established was called Fruit Vale, the namesake of the present neighborhood of Fruitvale.
The contributions of Luelling and Meek were acknowledged in Frances Fuller Victor's "History of Oregon", vol. 1.
Utopian ambitions.
Luelling outlived each of his first three wives. His fourth, he abandoned in California when he sold his orchard and business and left for Honduras in 1858, hoping to establish a utopian community called the Harmonial Brotherhood. The venture was a failure, and he returned to California two years later. He died in 1878, and was buried in Mountain View Cemetery.
Surname.
In many records his family name is spelled Lewelling, and his brother Seth used that spelling. According to Henderson's son Alfred, the spelling had been changed from the original Welsh spelling by Henderson and Seth's father, prior to Henderson's birth; but Seth reverted to the original spelling later in life. Similarly, some records list his birth year as 1809 or 1810, and his death year as 1878 or 1879.
Television depiction.
The actor Royal Dano was cast as Luelling in the 1965 episode, "The Traveling Trees," on the syndicated television series, "Death Valley Days", hosted by Ronald Reagan. In the story line, Luelling, against the advice of his wagon master, takes the Hastings Cutoff to Oregon, where he intends to plant an apple orchard. Tim McIntire appeared as a young reformed outlaw, Ben Fraser, with Robert Yuro as Ben's older brother, Spencer Fraser.


Payne Midyette

Payne H. Midyette Sr. (1898–1983) was an American insurance broker, politician and rancher in Tallahassee, Florida. He served one term in the Florida House of Representatives (1945–1947) and established an insurance agency in the tallest building in Tallahassee. Midyette Road in Tallahassee is named for him. With Frank D. Moor as partner, they established in 1931 the insurance firm Midyette-Moor Inc.
He served in Europe with 32nd Infantry Division during World War I.


Fleckvieh

The Fleckvieh is a breed of dual-purpose cattle suitable for both milk and meat production. It originated in Central Europe in the 19th century from cross-breeding of local stock with Simmental cattle imported from Switzerland. Today, the worldwide population is 41 million animals.
History.
The Fleckvieh originated in the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Bavaria from cross-breeding of local stock with Simmental cattle imported from Switzerland from about 1830. The Simmental had good milk-producing and draught qualities, and the resulting crosses were triple-purpose animals with milk, meat, and draught capabilities. The Fleckvieh is now a dual-purpose breed; it may be used for the production of beef or milk, or be crossed with dairy breeds or with beef breeds.
It is reported from several European countries, including Austria, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands,and Spain, and also, since 2009, from Switzerland; in Hungary, the Fleckvieh is present on many small farms and its importance is growing steadily. It is also reported from other countries of the world, including Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay.
Meat production.
A comparison was made between the rates of muscle growth and energy use of Fleckvieh bulls as compared to German Black Pied ("Schwartzbunte") bulls. The Fleckvieh bulls had faster growth rates, the carcasses had a smaller proportion of fat, especially abdominal fat, and the animals could be slaughtered at an earlier date on similar diets.


Joe Cooney

Joseph Cooney (born 17 March 1965) is an Irish former hurler who played as a centre-forward for the Galway senior team.
Born in Bullaun, County Galway, Cooney first played competitive hurling during his schooling at St. Raphael's College. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Galway minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 1983 championship. Cooney immediately became a regular member of the starting fifteen and won two All-Ireland medals, three Connacht medals and three National Hurling League medals. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on four occasions.
As a member of the Connacht inter-provincial team on a number of occasions, Cooney won four Railway Cup medal. At club level he is a two-time All-Ireland medallist with Sarsfield's. In addition to this he has also won three Connacht medals and five championship medals.
Cooney's brother, Jimmy, was also an All-Ireland medallist with Galway while his son, Joseph, also lined out with Galway.
His career tally of 10 goals and 102 points ranks him as Galway's fifth highest championship scorer of all-time.
Throughout his career Cooney made 35 championship appearances. He announced his retirement from inter-county hurling on 24 January 2001.
Cooney is widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time. During his playing days he won five All-Star awards in six seasons as well as being named Texaco Hurler of the Year in 1987. He has been repeatedly voted onto teams made up of the sport's greats, including at midfield on the Club Hurling Silver Jubilee Team and at centre-forward on the Galway Hurling Team of the Millennium and the Supreme All-Stars team. Cooney was also chosen as one of the 125 greatest hurlers of all-time in a 2009 poll.
In May 2020, the "Irish Independent" named Cooney at number eleven in its "Top 20 hurlers in Ireland over the past 50 years".
Early life.
Joe Cooney was born in Bullaun, County Galway in 1965. The tenth child in a family of fourteen, he was educated locally and he later St. Raphael's secondary school in Loughrea. Here his hurling skills came to the fore and he was quickly spotted by the Galway inter-county selectors.
Personal life.
Joe's eldest son Joseph was a member of the successful Galway minor hurling team of 2009. He played at wing-back in that game. Joseph was also a member of the Galway under 21 panel of 2010, which lost the final to Tipperary. Joseph has also won an all-Ireland vocational school title with St. Brigids of Loughrea and is currently a member of the Galway senior panel. He won the All-Ireland with Galway in 2017.
Playing career.
Club.
Cooney played his club hurling with his local Sarsfield's club and enjoyed much success. He first tasted success in 1984 when he won a county under-21 title. Five years later in 1989 Cooney captured his first senior county title before later winning a Connacht club title. In the subsequent All-Ireland semi-final Sarsfield's played Ballyhale Shamrocks. It was an unprecedented occasion as five Cooney brothers lined out against seven Fennelly brothers from Ballyhale. Unfortunately for Cooney it was the Fennellys who ended up on the winning side on that occasion. 1992 saw Cooney win a second county title. He later captured a second Connacht club title before lining out in his first All-Ireland club final against Kilmallock. The game was very close for much of the hour, however, with five minutes to go Cooney sent a long-range free into the net to secure an All-Ireland club medal for himself. Sarsfield's retained their county and provincial club titles in 1993 and Cooney later lined out in his second consecutive All-Ireland final. Once again Cooney proved to be one of the heroes of the game. A sixty-fifth-minute goal, set up by Cooney, gave Sarsfield's the victory over Toomevara and gave Cooney his second All-Ireland club medal. Cooney added a fourth and a fifth county and Connacht club medal to his collection in 1995 and 1997.
Inter-county.
Cooney first came to prominence on the inter-county scene as a member of the Galway minor hurling team in the early 1980s. He won an All-Ireland medal in this grade in 1983 after Galway defeated a Dublin team that contained a young Niall Quinn. Three years later in 1986 Cooney won an All-Ireland medal with the Galway under-21 team following a defeat of Wexford.
By this stage Cooney was also lining out with the Galway senior hurling team. He made his debut in 1985 and lined out in his very first senior All-Ireland final. Offaly provided the opposition on the day and the game was a close and exciting one. Cooney scored a goal towards the end, however, it was disallowed. This might have turned the game for Galway; however, Offaly went on to win on a score line of 2-11 to 1-12. In spite of losing the game Cooney was later presented with his first All-Star award. In 1986 Cooney lined out in his second All-Ireland final. Cork provided the opposition on that occasion, however, Galway were the red-hot favourites for the title. After an exciting game between the two sides Cork emerged victorious on a score line of 4-13 to 2-15. In spite of losing the championship decider for a second year in-a-row, Cooney's performance still earned him a second All-Star award. 1987 saw Cooney collect his first National Hurling League title before lining out in a third consecutive All-Ireland final. After a low-scoring game against Kilkenny Galway finally triumphed on a score line of 1-12 to 0-9 and Cooney collected his first senior All-Ireland medal. Once again he was presented with a third All-Star award.
In 1988 Cooney made his fourth consecutive appearance in the championship decider with Tipperary lining out against his side. Noel Lane, the goal-scoring hero of the previous year's final once again scored at a crucial time, giving Galway the victory and giving Cooney a second consecutive All-Ireland medal. In 1989 Cooney won a second National League title and Galway looked a good bet to win a third championship in-a-row. Unfortunately, star centre-back Tony Keady was controversially suspended from playing for a year. This set the tone for Galway's championship campaign and they were later dumped out of the championship by Tipperary in an ill-tempered All-Ireland semi-final. In spite of losing out Cooney still collected a fourth All-Star award.
In 1990 Cooney was appointed captain of the Galway team. That year his team reached a fifth championship decider in six seasons. Like 1986 Cork provided the opposition and, once again, Galway were regarded as the red-hot favourites. Cooney put in a brilliant performance in the first half and Galway went seven points up at one stage. In spite of this Cork fought back and won the game on a score line of 5-15 to 2-21. It was bitterly disappointing for Cooney; however, he was later presented with a fifth All-Star award. The following few years saw Galway's fortunes take a downturn. The team did make it to the All-Ireland final in 1993, however, Kilkenny emerged victorious on that occasion. The great Galway team of the 1980s was now after being broken up, however, Cooney continued playing and captured a third National League medal in 1996. In spite of this he had little other success and he retired from inter-county hurling in 2000.
Provincial.
Cooney also lined out with Connacht in the Railway Cup inter-provincial competition. He captured his first winners’ medal in this competition in 1986 as Connacht defeated Munster. Cooney won further inter-provincial honours in 1987, 1989 and 1991.


William Jackson (New Zealand politician)

William Jackson (11 October 1832 – 29 September 1889), generally known as Major Jackson, was a 19th-century Member of Parliament in the Waikato region of New Zealand.
Early life.
Jackson was born in 1832 in Providence Green, Green Hammerton, near Harrogate, Yorkshire, England. He was the son of Samuel Jackson (1806–1858), a brewer and yeoman who owned and farmed his land, and Sarah Jackson (née Hughlings; 1807/08–1836), the daughter of a Welsh revenue collector. His mother died when he was four. He had three brothers and a sister; all but one of the brothers emigrated to New Zealand.
His parents had married on 24 March 1828. His oldest sibling was his sister Ann (30 April 1829 – 9 August 1859). She died three days after giving birth to her first child. His eldest brother was Samuel, who studied law, was called to the bar in 1853, and emigrated to Auckland in 1856, where he became a prominent lawyer. William himself was the third of the children; he was born on 11 October 1832 and baptised a month later on 12 November. Thomas (2 December 1833 – 15 November 1906) was the next sibling. He became a mariner and also emigrated to New Zealand. His youngest brother, John (4 April 1835 – 7 October 1911), remained in England and became a prominent neurologist.
He emigrated to Australia in 1857 to join the Victorian gold rush. Sometime later, he went to New Zealand to join two brothers who were already there. His wife was Bridget.
New Zealand.
In New Zealand, Jackson first farmed in Mangatawhiri, then Rangiaohia, Kihikihi, and then Papakura. When the Invasion of Waikato commenced, Jackson organised a local militia that became known as Jackson's Forest Rangers, and he was commissioned as Major Jackson. When militia stole a Māori flag, his wife hid it under her dress, wearing it as a petticoat. In retaliation, Jackson's house was burned down twice.
He represented the Waikato electorate from to 1875, when he retired. He then represented the electorate from to 1889, when he died. As a politician, it is said that he was as vigorous as he had been as a militia leader. During his times in parliament, he supported the Stafford and Atkinson Ministries.
Jackson went missing during a voyage on the SS "Rotorua" en route from New Plymouth to Onehunga. He disappeared during the night of 29/30 September 1889, and it is assumed that he got sick, went on deck and fell over board.
The Jacksons had no children.


Flint Laboratory

Flint Laboratory is an academic building and a former dairy laboratory at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. It was the first building of the Ellis Drive "agricultural group", including Stockbridge Hall and an unbuilt hall for agricultural mechanics. At the time of its completion, the laboratory was considered to be "one of the best equipped dairy buildings in the United States" and was described as "a model for the whole country" in one edition of the Works Progress Administration guidebook to Massachusetts. The building was named after Charles L. Flint, the university's fourth president, the first secretary of the state board of agriculture, a lecturer on dairy farming, and a prolific agricultural writer who wrote a well-received textbook on "Milch Cows" in the late 19th century.
Today the building has been almost entirely converted to office space for the university's Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, however the former "dairy bar" has been repurposed as a restaurant known as Fletcher's Café, which is run by students of the hospitality program.


Middalya Station

Middalya Station is a pastoral lease that operates as a sheep station in Western Australia.
It was located south east of Coral Bay and north east of Denham in the Gascoyne region. The Minilya River runs through the property. The traditional owners of the area are the Tharrkari people who currently lease and manage Ullawarra station.
Occupying an area of , approximately of the rangeland is described as being in good or fair condition. It is able to be stocked with 19,350 sheep with a flock of 15,200 being recommended. It is composed of sandplains, alluvial and stony plains and hills.
In 1887 the property was stocked with 6,000 sheep which produced 87 bales of wool, by 1890 the flock had increased to 16,000 producing 220 bales.
J. H. Mansfield who had previously managed Karratha Station and later owned Maroonah Station was managing Middalya in the 1880s.
Douglas John Hearman acquired Middalya at some time prior to 1897.
Middalya was placed on the market in 1902, at this time it occupied an area of and was stocked with 18,000 sheep with 40 cattle and 80 horses.
In 1907 the property was hit by a severe storm and recorded of rain in a short period of time. The homestead was damaged by strong winds and several windmills were blown over.
During the shearing season of 1918 a total of 15,500 sheep were shorn including 3,000 lambs producing a total of 300 bales of wool.
A flock of 15,936 sheep and 5,208 lambs were shorn in 1923 producing 525 bales of wool.


Someca

Created in 1953 by SIMCA, a then-subsidiary of Fiat Auto Italia, “Fiat Someca” was a French agricultural tractor manufacturer.
In 1958, SOMECA became part of SIMCA Industries.
History.
SAFAF (Société Anonyme Française des Automobiles Fiat), the company from which SIMCA was formed, began importing and later manufacturing licensed Fiat vehicles from a Nanterre factory in 1934. It also imported Fiat tractors as well as Steyr tractors into France.
In 1953, SIMCA bought out the agricultural motors and tractors division of the company MAP, which it then used as the basis for the creation of "SOMECA" ("Société de MECAnique de la Seine"). SOMECA went on to produce the very first SOMECA tractors and parts for the last tractors to be produced by MAP.
The first SOMECA tractor was the "DA 50", closely derived from the "MAP DR3" model, whose engine could develop 37 hp at 1500 rpm.
The next model, the "SOM 40" was hugely successful in France. Launched in 1957, it was ranked among the largest tractors ever to be built in France. It was equipped with a Fiat OM COID 45 engine: a four-stroke, direct injection, 4165 cc diesel engine developing 45 hp at 1500 rpm. By 1964, 18,741 models had been manufactured, a new record for that time!
With the arrival of petrol engines during the 1950-1960s, the same model became available with either a petrol or diesel engine.
More than SOMECA tractors using the Fiat base engine had been manufactured by 1960.
Come 1965, the year in which the "15" series was launched, SOMECA was only manufacturing licensed Fiat Trattori models. FIAT had always been SOMECA's majority shareholder and, in 1983, integrated the company into its agricultural subsidiary FiatAgri, which became Fiat New Holland in 1993 before becoming Fiat CNH Global, as it is currently known.
Someca in the rest of the world.
In 1954 in Argentina, Fiat creat a subsidiary for the local manufacture of agricultural tractors which was named "Fiat Someca Construcciones Córdoba" which will become Fiat Concord in 1959. Some of the models produced in Argentina by Fíat Concord under the brand Someca: