CCGS J.E. Bernier

CCGS "J.E. Bernier" was a Canadian Coast Guard medium Arctic icebreaker with a steel hull. The vessel was in service from 1967 to 2006. The ship was initially based at Quebec City but finished her career at St. John's. The ship was named for Joseph-Elzéar Bernier, captain of which explored and monitored the eastern Arctic for the Government of Canada in the early 20th century. The vessel was sold in 2006 to private interests.
Design and description.
"J.E. Bernier" was long overall with a beam of and a draught of . The ship had a fully loaded displacement of , a gross register tonnage (GRT) of 2,457.25 and a net register tonnage (NRT) of 704.63. The ship was propelled by two screws each with a fixed-pitch propellers powered by a diesel-electric system (AC/AC) composed of four Fairbanks-Morse 8-cylinder diesel engines and four generators driving two motors that created . This gave the ship a maximum speed of but the vessel made during sea trials. The ship carried of diesel fuel and had a range of at . The vessel could operate one Bell 206L helicopter from a flight deck placed over the stern of the ship.
Service history.
The icebreaker was constructed by Davie Shipbuilding at their yard in Lauzon, Quebec with the yard number 659. "J.E. Bernier" was launched on 28 April 1967 and commissioned in August 1967. The ship was registered in Ottawa, Ontario and was initially based at Quebec City, Quebec.
In 1972, the ship was among the three icebreaking escorts for a convoy of seven cargo ships travelling to Mokka Fjord and Eureka. This was the largest convoy to sail that far north. In 1974, "J.E. Bernier", with a Royal Canadian Mounted Police and Sûreté du Québec detachment on board, was sent to eject occupiers of a vessel that had went aground on Île d'Orléans in the Saint Lawrence River. As the icebreaker came alongside the grounded ship, the illegal occupiers escaped over the stern and fled. In 1976, "J.E. Bernier" transited the Panama Canal to replace on the West Coast of Canada after "Camsell" was damaged. The icebreaker spent the summer working in the western Arctic and Beaufort Sea, during which the ship supported the research vessel before severe conditions north of Alaska forced "Parizeau" to turn back. The icebreaker returned to Quebec City via the Northwest Passage, circumnavigating North America. In 1980, the icebreaker returned to the West Coast to replace "Camsell" again and to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the transfer of the Arctic archipelago to Canada from the United Kingdom. The ceremony was hosted by the Governor General of Canada Edward Schreyer aboard the icebreaker. The ship once again circumnavigated North America on her return to Quebec.
In June 1994, during the height of the Turbot War, a disagreement between Canada and the European Union (EU) over fishing rights on the Grand Banks, "J.E. Bernier" was used to ferry personnel and equipment from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador to Coast Guard vessels monitoring EU fishing fleets. In 1995, "J.E. Bernier"s home port was transferred to St. John's. The vessel was taken out of service in 2005 and transferred to Crown Assets Distribution and renamed "05" in May. The ship was sold in June 2006 to Midnight Marine Ltd of Newfoundland.


Village industries

Henry Ford's Village Industries were small factories located in rural areas of Michigan. Ford developed his Village Industries in part to provide farm workers a stable source of income during the winter months.
Philosophy.
Ford strongly felt that there were many positive aspects to rural life. At the same time, he recognized that the promise of high wages was encouraging young people to discard the agrarian life of their parents and move to the cities. The spreading of industrialization (due in part, Ford knew, to his very own factory system) was making farming less attractive and giving farmers less to do in the winter. Ford developed the village industries program as a way to bring manufacturing jobs to the countryside, allowing residents to reap the economic advantages without giving up their agricultural heritage. His village industries were intended to strengthen rural communities by providing jobs to unemployed and under-employed local residents, allowing farmers to work in the winter and return to farming in the summer. It was also, in a very real sense, intended to maintain the bucolic settings and lifestyles that Ford remembered from his boyhood and idealized to some extent.
Ford wanted to create places where technology, manufacturing, and agriculture could co-exist. He established his village industries in rural areas where farmland was easily available. However, Ford intended the village industries to be an integral part of his manufacturing system, providing cost-effective and reliable parts. To minimize the increased costs of transportation incurred by these decentralized manufacturing plants, Ford chose sites that were primarily near larger existing Ford plants (the Ford River Rouge Complex and the Highland Park Ford Plant). The products the village industries made were all small and light, able to be efficiently shipped.
Ford also believed in using clean and readily-available sources of power. Water power, he thought, was nearly inexhaustible and easy to come by in Michigan. He had in fact begun experimenting with water power when building his house at Fair Lane. Thus, the village industry plants all made use of hydroelectric power; indeed, many were located at the site of old mills. Some of the village industry plants actually utilize refurbished grist mill buildings, others merely used the site, with Ford erecting new industrial buildings to house the plant.
History.
After World War I, Henry Ford began a program of decentralizing his manufacturing efforts away from Detroit and Dearborn, Michigan, establishing plants in other areas of Michigan and across the country. Ford felt that decentralization held many advantages, in particular that managing the comings and goings of a large number of employees at any one site became problematic. One part of this plan was the establishment of small rural manufacturing plants knows as "village industries." The village industries reflected Ford's vision of decentralization: not merely locating factories in different cities or regions of the country, but taking specific production tasks out of the larger factories and moving them to small rural factories.
In 1918, Ford made his first purchase of a village industry site when he bought Nankin Mills (now part of Westland, Michigan on the Rouge River. Nankin Mills was in fact familiar to Ford: as a boy he had travelled with his father to the site to grind grain. In 1919, Ford made his second purchase on the Rouge: an old gristmill in Northville, Michigan. The site was again familiar to Ford: he had spent his honeymoon in Northville. Ford planned on building more sites, and so forged an agreement with the Wayne County Road Commission, where the Commission would build hydro dams along the Rouge for Ford's use, in return for receiving the land (and eventually the mills) that Ford had purchased. Ford eventually built six of his village industries at mill sites along the Rouge River.
Ford reconfigured the Northland property into a valve manufacturing facility by moving machinery in from the Fordson and Highland Park plants. The Northville Ford Valve Plant was the first village industry to open, in 1919-20. Meanwhile, Ford converted Nankin Mills into a small factory, and in 1920, workers began producing screws.
More plants were quickly opened, with three more village industries in Phoenix, Plymouth, and Waterford by 1925. After that, there was something of a lull in the village industry program, with only two new plants, in Flat Rock and Ypsilanti, opened in the next ten years. However, in the late 1930s and early 1940s, Ford moved to rapidly expand the village industry concept, opening plants in Tecumseh, Newburg, Dundee, Brooklyn, Saline, Milan, Milford, Sharon Hollow, Willow Run, and Manchester. many of these plants, opening in the middle of the Great Depression, had a profound economic effect on the community, employing dozens or hundreds of workers who would otherwise have been unemployed or have moved away. During World War II, three more plants, at Hayden Mills, Cherry Hill, and Clarkston, were constructed.
However, the village industry program did not live much longer than Henry Ford himself. The small manufacturing plants were not a financial success, and the stricter accountability procedures implemented after Henry Ford relinquished the presidency in 1945 found that they did not return optimal cost/benefit ratios. Ford Motor Company soon began closing the Village Industries; most of the plants were closed in the 1940s. Only five were still operating in the mid-1950s, three in the mid-1960s, and only a single one, the Ford Valve Plant in Northville, in the mid-1970s. The Northville plant, ironically both the first and last of Ford's village industries, continued in operation until 1981.
List of sites.
There was never a canonical list of sites included in the village industries program, and it is not always clear from the scale, siting, or establishment date of a particular factory whether the site should be considered a "village industry" or simply a small factory. Ford Motor Company itself says that "more than 30 Village Industries plants sprouted throughout Michigan, Ohio, Mississippi, New York and other states." However, contemporaneous accounts describe village industries as being confined to "different points within a 50 mile radius of Dearborn."
Thus, many contemporary historians limit consideration to the 18 or 20 sites in southern Michigan that Ford established primarily in the 1920s and 1930s. The following list of sites comes from Howard P. Segal, author of the book "Recasting the machine age: Henry Ford's village industries", who lists 19 separate sites. Other historians use a substantially similar list; for example, Mullin includes the same 19 sites, but deprecates Nankin Mills, which he describes as "not actually part of the Village Industries," but "set[ting] the tone for the decentralized village factories that followed.
Northville site.
The Northville plant is located at 235 East Main Street in Northville, Michigan. The site was originally a gristmill built in 1825 and renovated in 1896. A second gristmill was built on this site by the Yerkes family, and later a sawmill was built by the Dubar family.
Henry Ford purchased the old gristmill located at this site in 1919. He reconfigured the mill into a valve manufacturing facility by moving machinery in from the Fordson and Highland Park plants, and opened it as the first of the village industries in 1920. Between 1920 and 1936, the plant manufactured over 180 million valves, at a cost of less than half what it would be in the larger Highland Park plant.
In 1936, Ford replaced the mill with an Albert Kahn-designed factory building. The building reflects the then-current industrial architecture, as well as hints of Art Deco in the brickwork and entryway styling but still incorporated a water wheel. With the new building, as many as 400 people were employed at the Northville plant. The factory continued to produce valves after the Village Industries program was discontinued in 1947. The building was enlarged in 1956, and in 1969 over 150,000 valves were produced every day. The plant continued operations until 1981, the longest lived of any former Village Industries factory. It reopened in 1982 to manufacture shipping racks and gas tanks, but operations were discontinued for good in 1989.
The building was later sold. The building has been renovated into office space for use by design firms. The land surrounding the building is a town park, in part containing "Mill Race Village," an outdoor museum of restored buildings. The valve plant was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.
Nankin Mills site.
The Nankin Mills site is located at 33175 Ann Arbor Trail in Westland, Michigan. The first mill on this site was constructed in 1835-42; that mill burned some time during the Civil War. The second mill was constructed in 1863 by Samuel Hardenbergh. In 1887, Hardenbergh sold the mill to Martin Lewis, and at a later date was purchased by Floyd Bassett.
The mill was eventually purchased by Henry Ford in 1918 from Bassett. Ford converted the building into a small factory, and in 1920, twelve workers began producing screws for Ford. It was the second Village Industry to open, after the Ford Valve Plant in Northville. In 1927, Ford converted the site to make engravings and stencils, and in 1937 a new building was constructed at the site. Eventually it employed 70 people.
The plant closed in 1948, after which Ford donated the site to the Wayne County Road Commission. The commission remodeled the mill, and in 1956 it was opened as a nature center. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1967; in the mid-1980s, Nankin Mills became the headquarters of the Wayne County Park System. An addition was built in 1999, and in 2001 the original mill reopened as an interpretive center.
 The mill was designated a state of Michigan historic site in 1967, and a historical marker is placed at this site.
Phoenix Mill site.
The Phoenix Mill is located on the Rouge River, at 14973 Northville Road (at Edward C. Hines Drive) in Plymouth Township. It is the site of the former village of Phoenix. Phoenix was founded in 1837, and flourished only until about 1880. The mill located at this site was built in 1840 and burned in 1905.
Ford purchased the site of the mill in 1919, and hired Albert Kahn to design a plant at the site. The plant was built, but the opening was delayed when the mill dam collapsed in 1921 and had to be reconstructed. The plant opened in 1922, employing exclusively women workers from Ford's Highland Park plant. The Phoenix plant was notable in that Ford paid the women workers high wages, equal to those of male workers, a rarity in the 1920s. The workers, however, were required to be single and childless, and to be properly attired in dresses, stockings and heels.
At its peak 148 women were employed at the Phoenix Mill. The site originally produced generator cutouts; in 1940 the line was changed to produce voltage regulators for V8 engines. During World War II, the plant made parts for B-24 bombers. The Phoenix Mill plant closed in 1948, and Ford turned it over to the Wayne County Road Commission, who used it as a maintenance yard. The mill was designated a state of Michigan historic site in 1989. A Michigan Women's Museum was later planned for the site, but had not materialized.
Flat Rock site.
The Flat Rock plant was built on the site of a former sawmill in Flat Rock, Michigan. Ford purchased the property in 1921 and hired Albert Kahn to design a building for the site. The plant which opened in 1923. It employed as many as 1200 people, and made all of the vehicle lamps used by Ford.
The Flat Rock site closed in 1950, and the production was moved to the nearby facility in Monroe, Michigan. The site is now occupied by smaller private manufacturing companies; the surrounding land has been renovated into a park. A state of Michigan historical marker is now placed at the site.
Plymouth site.
The Plymouth Mills site is located at 230 Wilcox in Plymouth, Michigan. A flour mill was built on this site in 1845 by Henry Holbrook. By 1860, "S. Hardenburgh" was listed as the owner, and in 1879 it became Wilcox Mills. Wilcox Mills was in continuous operation as a gristmill until Henry Ford purchased it and tore it down.
Ford hired Albert Kahn to design a building for the site, and the new village industry opened in 1923. The plant employed up to 23 people making taps and other tools used in manufacturing. The Plymouth site closed in 1948. The building was turned over to the Wayne County division of Parks, who used it as a garage. The site was designated a state of Michigan historic site in 1989. As of 2005, it is an artist's studio.
Waterford site.
The Waterford plant is located at 16580 Northville Road (at Mill Road), just south of Six-Mile Road in Northville, Michigan. The area was originally the village of Mead's Mill (named for a second mill whose ruins can be seen to the south at 16000 Hines Drive). In 1873, the village was renamed "Waterford" (not to be confused with the Waterford in nearby Oakland County). A gristmill was built at this site.
In 1925, Ford bought the gristmill site and dam. A new building was designed for the site, which opened in 1925. The plant employed up to 210 people making precision gauges; the workers had been transferred from New Jersey when Ford purchased another company originally located there. The Waterford site closed in 1954. As of 2005, the building is owned by a window manufacturer.
Ypsilanti site.
The Ypsilanti plant was housed in an Albert Kahn-designed located on the Huron River in Ypsilanti, Michigan. A hydroelectric plant was built three miles east of Ypsilanti in Rawsonville. The Ypsilanti plant opened in 1932, then merged with a larger Ford facility in 1947. After the merger, the plant employed 1500 people, making it the largest of all the village industries. The plant made all the starters and generators for the Ford Motor Company. It was eventually absorbed into a more conventional plant, and in 1969 the Rawsonville hydroelectric plant, dam, and the surrounding land was donated to the city of Ypsilanti.
Newburgh site.
The Newburgh mill is located at 37401 Edward N. Hines Drive in Livonia, Michigan. In 1870, Nicholas Bovee dammed the river at this spot and built a cider mill. He dubbed the resulting body of water "Newburgh Lake," and the village of Newburgh sprung up around it.
In 1934, Ford bought the site of the Bovee cider mill. A new building was designed for the site, and was constructed through a partnership among Ford, the Wayne County Road
Commission, and the New Deal Works Progress Administration program. The new plant opened in 1935. The plant employed up to 32 people making twist drills, and, during World War II, aircraft parts.
The Newburgh site closed in 1948. The building was turned over to the Wayne County division of Parks, who used it for maintenance and law enforcement. The site was designated a state of Michigan historic site in 1989. As of 2005, the building has been renovated for public use.
Hayden Mills site.
The Hayden Mills site is located at 703 East Chicago Street in Tecumseh, Michigan, at the Globe Mill Pond. This was originally the site of the Globe Mill, constructed in the 1830s by Stillman Blanchard as a flour mill at the cost of over $30,000. Blanchard went bankrupt in 1858, and sold the mill to William Hayden, who changed the name to Hayden Mills. In 1898, the original mill burned, and a new mill replaced it. An electric power plant was later added.
Eventually, Hayden's heirs sold the mill to Henry Ford. Ford rebuilt the mill and opened the plant in 1935. It employed up to 25 people in soybean processing. The site was closed in 1948. The site was used for some time as a private gun club. In 1961, it was donated to the city of Tecumseh, who used it as a Community Center. As of 2011, the building is planned for reuse.
Dundee site.
The Dundee mill, also known as the Alfred Wilkerson Grist Mill, is located at 242 Toledo Street in Dundee, Michigan. A sawmill, constructed in 1828, originally stood on this site. In 1846, Alfred Wilkerson built the nearby log dam, and in 1848-49 he replaced the earlier sawmill with the current structure, a gristmill. In 1880, Wilkersons sold the mill to Henry Smith, who sold it in 1882 to Captain R.B. Davis. Davis continued to use the site as a flour and feed mill, but in 1910 sold it to the Dundee Hydraulic Power Company. The Dundee Power Company built a small hydroelectric plant at the site in 1912, but in the 1920s, Detroit Edison began supplying power to the village, and the millsite was abandoned.
In 1931, the village decided to demolish the building, but Henry Ford, who had contemplated purchasing the site since 1922, bought it instead. In 1935, Ford began refurbishing the mill, and constructed some additional new buildings. The plant opened in 1936 as a copper-alloy foundry, making primarily copper welding tips. The site and employed up to 125 people.
The Dundee site closed in 1954, and was purchased by the Wolverine Fabricating and Manufacturing. They used it until 1970, sold the mill to the village of Dundee for $1.00. The site was unused for a decade until 1981, when restoration began. The village renovated the mill into offices, a community center, and a museum, which opened in 1986. The site was designated a state of Michigan historic site in 1979, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Dundee Historic District in 1990.
Milan site.
The Milan site is located at 147 Wabash Street in Milan, Michigan. Ford purchased an existing mill in Milan in 1936. The mill was renovated, including the construction of a new dam and hydroelectric plant. The mill was used to process soybeans, and a small factory located on site was used to manufacture ignition coils. By 1939, the mill had nearly 200 employees and produced all the ignition coils used by the Ford Motor Company. The plant continued to make ignition coils through World War II, but was closed in 1948, with the production line and its employees moved to the nearby Ypsilanti plant. The property was turned over to the village of Milan, who used it for offices, the police department, and a library.
Milford site.
The remaining structure from the Milford site is located near a mill pond at 225 West Liberty in Milford, Michigan. The Upper Mill Pond in Milford was created by an 1845 dam. Early in the 20th century, Detroit Auto Dash built a factory nearby.
Ford purchased the Auto Dash factory and nearby property and in 1938 opened a plant, officially known as the "Pettibone Creek Hydroelectric Station," on the Upper Mill Pond. The plant consisted of two hydroelectric powerhouses (the Huron River and Pettibone Creek stations) and a manufacturing facility. The facility was designed by Albert Kahn. The Milford site was used to produce carburetors. The initial capacity of the facility was 2,450 carburetors per day; a renovation in 1945 increased the capacity to 3,200 carburetors per day.
The Milford facility remained in operation until 1957, when the production was transferred to a plant in Rawsonville. The old Auto Dash factory was sold to Kelsey-Hayes, who used it until the 1980s. The Huron River Hydroelectric Station was demolished in 1997 and the carburetor factory soon followed in 2001. The last remaining structure, the Pettibone Creek Hydroelectric Station (colloquially known as the "Milford Powerhouse"), has undergone extensive external restoration (completed in 2006) and interior restoration is in process. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the North Milford Village Historic District in 2000.
Saline site.
The Saline plant, also known as the Schuyler Mill, is located at 555-600 Michigan Avenue in Saline, Michigan. In 1845, David Schuyler Haywood constructed a gristmill at this site on the western edge of Saline, Michigan. A small settlement, Barnegat, soon coalesced around the mill site; Barnegat was annexed by the village of Saline in 1848. However, by 1865, business declined, and the mill was soon closed.
Henry Ford purchased the site in 1936, refurbished it, and opened it as a soybean processing plant in 1938. The site employed up to 19 people, who removed the soybean oil from the beans, which was processed into plastics and paint. The residuals were used to make casting cores or for cattle feed. In 1943, Ford moved a one-room Greek Revival schoolhouse to the site and refurbished it as a residence. However, the plant was closed in 1947, not long after Henry Ford's death.
After its closure the building was used by a private soybean processing firm. However, the processing equipment was soon obsolete, and in 1962, the property was turned into an antique shop and general store, know first as the "Sauk Trail Inn". and later as "Weller's Country Store." More recently, part of the structure has been used as a cafe and a banquet facility. The mill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
Brooklyn site.
The Brooklyn mill is located at 221 Mill Street in Brooklyn, Michigan. A gristmill, originally built by Calvin Swain c. 1832, originally stood at this site. The small village that grew around the mill was originally called Swainsville, but in 1836 the name was changed to Brooklyn. The Brooklyn Mill burned in about 1912.
Henry Ford purchased the property in 1921, but did not use it for some time. Eventually, he constructed a new building constructed on the site, and the plant opened in 1939. It employed up to 130 people making workers horn buttons and starter switches. During World War II, production shifted to brass spark plug bushings for B-24 bombers. After the war, the line returned to making horn buttons and starter switches until 1954, when production shifted to armrests and lamp lenses.
The Brooklyn site closed in 1967. After it was closed, the building was owned by Industrial Automotive Products, a subsidiary of Jackson Gear. The building has been recently used to house a collector's Model T collection. The building was purchased by Daniel and Samantha Ross in 2014 and is being converted into an Irish themed destination called the Old Irish Mill.
Sharon Mills site.
The Sharon Mills (or Sharon Hollow) plant is located at 5701 Sharon Hollow Road in Sharon, Michigan. In the 1830s, a sawmill was constructed at this site. Later, John Rice built a gristmill here, which was operated by Rice and later the Kirkwood family until the 1920s.
Henry Ford purchased the property in 1926, restored the exquisite Greek Revival mill, and added a wigng to the mill and a hydroelectric generator. The plant opened in 1939, employing up to 19 people making cigarette lighters, ammeters, and switches.
The Sharon Mills site closed in 1947. After closure, the building was used primarily as a private residence, with a stint as an antique shop, until the late 1980s. In the 1990s, the site was used as a winery, until 1999, when the property was purchased by the Washtenaw County Park Division for use as a museum and conference center. The county restored the mill, and it currently operates as Sharon Mills Park. The site was designated a state of Michigan historic site in 1989.
Manchester site.
The Manchester plant was constructed on the site of an old (1892) gristmill east of town on Austin Road.
Ford purchased the site in 1936, and spent nearly $800,000 refurbishing, updating, and equipping the plant. The plant opened in 1941, and employed up to 279 people making ammeters, gauges, and instrument clusters.
The Manchester site closed in 1957. In 1960, the plant was sold to a small manufacturer, Thornton Industries. Thornton used it until the early 1970s, after which the building was owned by a series of small manufacturers, including Economy Baler, a maker of scrap compressors, Brooklyn Products, Hoover Universal, Johnson Controls, and Cincinnati Milacron. In 2001, Milacron sold the property to the village of Manchester; the village uses the site to house the public library and village offices.
Willow Run site.
The Willow Run plant was opened in 1940 in a new building. The plant had a short run with up to 41 people making ignition locks, door locks, and keys; it closed in 1944. The building has been long abandoned.
Clarkston site.
The Clarkston site is located at 20 West Washington Street in Clarkston, Michigan. Butler Holcomb built a sawmill at this site in 1833. He sold the property to Nelson W. and Jeremiah Clarke. in 1838. The mill, now known as the "Clarkston Mill," changed hands several times, until in the early 20th century it was operated by Charles and Butler Holcomb, grandsons of the original owner. The mill property, apparently unused, changed hands again multiple times in the 1910s. In 1917, the mill was demolished, and in 1920 the Fords purchased the property.
The lot remained vacant for some time, until in 1941 Ford began construction of a factory on the old mill site. The plant opened in 1942, with up to 40 people making drill bushings, straps and seat covers. However, it had a short run and closed in 1947.
In 1950, Hawk Tool and Engineering purchased the building; it was later occupied by the Nason Co., and then sat vacant for several years. In the 1970s, the property was redeveloped into a small shopping mall. Later, much of the space was converted to offices. The site is part of the Clarkston Village Historic District, which was designated a Michigan historic site in 1976 and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
Cherry Hill site.
The Cherry Hill facility was located at the corner of Cherry Hill and Ridge Roads in the village of Cherry Hill, Michigan. Cherry Hill (originally known as "Ridge") was settled in 1825, The Cherry Hill United Methodist Church was built in 1834; in approximately 1865, Abner Hitchcock constructed an inn in the village, naming it the "Cherry Hill House" in reference to the wild cherry trees growing in the area. The town of Ridge soon changed its name to "Cherry Hill." A dairy, the Ypsi Creamery, was also located in Cherry Hill. It was soon replaced by the Detroit Creamery (later the Wilson Dairy), which operated until 1940.
Henry Ford purchased the dairy in about 1940. He converted into another village industry, which opened in 1944. The site and employed 30 people in making ignition locks, door locks, keys, and brass petcocks. The plant was unique in that part of its purpose was to provide work for World War II veterans who suffered physical or mental disabilities die to their wartime service. The plant closed in 1950. The plant was operated by several other companies after Ford stopped using it in 1945: Extruded Hinge from 1950-1960, Mather Plastics from 1960-1969, William E. Hennells Company from 1969-1976, Hennels Company from 1976-1983, Ranton, Inc. from 1985-1994 and De-Sta-Co (Detroit Stamping Company, a Dover Company) from 1994-2012.
The building currently houses privately owned manufacturing facilities. The property is currently owned by The Partnership for Arts and Humanities (Canton) who hope to renovate the property and bring it back into usefulness, while keeping some of Henry Fords ideals in mind. The site was placed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Cherry Hill Historic District in 2003.
Other sites.
Other sites that could be considered as village industries include plants in Green Island, New York (near Albany, New York) and the Twin Cities Assembly in St. Paul, Minnesota. Additionally, Ford plants in Hamilton, Ohio (just north of Cincinnati), Iron Mountain, Michigan, and Goose Creek, New York boasted hydroelectric plants.


Osseghem/Ossegem metro station

Osseghem (French) or Ossegem (Dutch) is a Brussels metro station on lines 2 and 6. It opened on 6 October 1982 and is named after the Osseghem neighbourhood in the municipality of Molenbeek-Saint-Jean (Belgium). The name is of Germanic origin and is composed of Odso + -inga + gem, meaning "residence of the people of Odso".


Mezraa railway station

Mezraa station is located near the village of Mezra in the Kars Province of Turkey. The railway to Baku will split from the line here. It is serviced by the daily Kars-Akyaka Regional train.


Akropoli metro station

Akropoli metro station (Acropoli) is on Athens Metro Line 2. It opened on 16 November 2000 as part of the extension, and is the nearest station to the Acropolis Museum and the eastern entrance to the Acropolis of Athens.
The station has a ticket office and three automatic ticket machines.
The station is decorated by huge posters of Melina Merkouri and reproductions of the Elgin Marbles of Parthenon.
There are two entrances / exits to the station. One in Makrigianni street and one in Athanasiou Diakou street


Bellavista railway station

Bellavista is a railway station on the Monte Generoso railway, a rack railway that connects Capolago with the summit of Monte Generoso in the Swiss canton of Ticino. Bellavista is the principal intermediate station on the line, and at one time the junction point for the Tramway Bellavista.
Bellavista station.
The station has a passing loop and an additional siding. It is the principle intermediate station, and the normal passing point of uphill and downhill trains. The station incorporates a popular station buffet, a picnic area, and a children's play area. The environs of the station are wooded, and include views over Lake Lugano and the city of Lugano.
The station is served by the following passenger trains:
There is also road access from Mendrisio to Bellavista, the highest point on the mountain with such access. A hiking trail links Bellavista to the summit.
Tramway Bellavista.
In 1867, well before the railway opened, Carlo Pasta built a hotel near to the current location of the Bellavista station. In 1891, shortly after the line opened, a long tramway was opened to link the station with the hotel. The line was built to gauge, and used a single, horse-drawn, tramcar. Sources differ on the closure date of the line, with both 1913 and 1938 being quoted.
The lean-to shed behind Bellavista station building, in which the line's tramcar was kept, can still be seen, as can parts of the trackbed. The hotel has since been demolished, and is now a picnic site.


Jalan FELDA Kemahang

Jalan FELDA Kemahang, Federal Route 1739, is a federal road in Kelantan, Malaysia.
At most sections, the Federal Route 1739 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.


Belleek railway station

Belleek railway station served Belleek in County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland.
The Enniskillen and Bundoran Railway opened the station on 13 June 1866. Services were provided by the Irish North Western Railway.
It was taken over by the Great Northern Railway (Ireland) in 1876.
It closed on 1 October 1957.


GEN Corporation

GEN Corporation of Japan developed a personal helicopter named the GEN H-4, but production was deferred pending large enough orders to make the aircraft economical.
The company also developed the GEN 125, a very small , twin-cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine to power the H-4. The engine weighs and four are used in the H-4 design to provide redundancy.
The company does not have any fixed location, but has carried out its development work in borrowed facilities.
The company name translates as "fountain of wisdom".


Graniti (Rome Metro)

Graniti is a station of Line C of Rome Metro. It is located at the intersection of Via Graniti with Via Tortorici, in the Roman frazione of Borgata Finocchio. It used to be a train station of the Rome-Pantano railway line until 2008, when rebuilding works commenced. With the inauguration of Line C, the stop re-opened on 9 November 2014. This station also serves the nearby depot of the line's rolling stock, and it extends over 21.7 hectares.
Among the other things, the premises host the maintenance and control centre of Line C.


Auteco

Auteco (Auto Tecnica Colombiana S.A) is a Colombian motor vehicle manufacturer. It was the first motorcycle assembler in the country.
History.
Auteco was founded on 1 September 1941 in Medellín. It initially distributed spare parts and petrol.
In 1945 Auteco began importing American Indian motorcycles. It then went on to import Excelsior motorbikes, as well as vehicles produced by Nash, Renault and Gravely.
In 1954 Auteco acquired the right to assemble and sell Lambretta scooters in Colombia. These would later be assembled at a newly built factory in Itagüí, Antioquia, constructed in 1962.
These scooters were all badged "Auteco Lambretta". They were based at various times on the Li and GP ranges, as well as Servetas. Many were hybrids, depending on what components were currently available. Production ceased at some time during the 1970s.
In 1972 Auteco formed a business partnership with Kawasaki to build its motorcycles under licence. This was expanded in the economic downturn of the late 1980s to include electrical generators and mowers.
In the early 1990s Auteco formed an additional business partnership with the Indian Bajaj company and reintroduced scooters to Colombia. They also obtained a licence to sell the Bajaj auto rickshaw.
Further expansion took place in 2003 when Auteco began importing Taiwanese Kymco motorcycles.


MV Shourav

MV Shourav was a ferry that sunk in the Buriganga river of Bangladesh on 28 February 2008, killing at least 39 people.


Breda Oost railway station

Breda Oost is a proposed railway station in Breda, Netherlands.
History.
The station is set to open sometime after 2020. The station lies on the Staatslijn E (Breda - Maastricht) and is located between Breda and Gilze-Rijen. The station is primarily for eastern Breda and small settlements in the area. It is still unknown when construction work will begin. The station plan has been accepted.
Train services.
The following train service may call at the station:
Bus service.
No information is known at present of any bus services


Drakki railway station

Drakki railway station
() is located in Pakistan.


South Bridge, Edinburgh

South Bridge is a road bridge and street in Edinburgh, Scotland, between the High Street and Chambers Street/Infirmary Street. It extends to North Bridge at the north and Nicolson Street at the south, forming a level roadway over the steep valley scoured parallel to the High Street when the crag and tail landscape was formed. The Cowgate roadway along the bottom of the valley runs under the largest arch of the bridge.
The South Bridge Act 1785 was passed in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom on 21st April 1785 and in 1789 taxes were raised to fund the South Bridge to a plan prepared by Robert Adam. The bridge was completed in 1788. It is constructed of nineteen arches, but is almost entirely enclosed by buildings on both sides, exposing only the largest arch where the street crosses the Cowgate. Below deck level are many buildings and vaults, the latter are now something of a tourist attraction. Most of the buildings on the deck level have separate entrances (and sometimes entirely separate functions) at the level of the street passing below (the Cowgate) or parallel to the bridge (Niddry Street and Blair Street).
Initially, town plans such as John Ainslie's 1804 map showed the street name as "South Bridge Street", by the 1850s the name had been shortened to "South Bridge".


Vittoria (Brescia Metro)

Vittoria is a station of the Brescia Metro, in the city of Brescia in northern Italy. The station is in the historic core of the city, in the north-west of the Piazza della Vittoria.
Archaeological discoveries in the old city centre, and at Vittoria the buried ruins of a tower dating back to the later Middle Ages, resulted in a slowdown of the construction work in the area and some design changes.


Olsvik Tunnel

The Olsvik Tunnel () is a long road tunnel in the city of Bergen in Vestland county, Norway. The tunnel opened on 12 December 1992 and it is part of County Road 562. The tunnel connects the southern end of the Askøy Bridge to National Road 555, one of the main highways in western Bergen.


Konthe Road

Konthe Road (, formerly Merchant Road) is an east-west road in downtown Yangon, Burma. It runs past Maha Bandula Park.


Silver Dream Racer

Silver Dream Racer is a 1980 motor-racing film starring British pop star David Essex and Beau Bridges. The film was produced, written and directed by David Wickes. It was the last film to be made by the Rank Organisation.
Plot.
Nick Freeman (David Essex) is an aspiring motorcycle racer, whose brother has been developing an experimental motorcycle. When his brother dies before being able to test and race the new bike, Nick inherits the responsibility to prove his brother's design. In spite of a series of tough setbacks, including the loss of his girlfriend, Nick goes into the big race at the British Grand Prix with all his energy and concentration bent on winning. However, an underhanded American racer (Beau Bridges) is also among the competitors, and is determined to ruin Nick's chances. Numerous incidents happen before Nick crosses the finish line in first place. Two completely different endings were filmed depicting Nick after he has won the race, and both versions were released.
Cast.
Tuesday Weld had talks about playing the female lead. She eventually took another role, and Cristina Raines took the part.
Some scenes were filmed during the 1979 Grand Prix at Silverstone, Northamptonshire. The Silver Dream Racer was a real motorcycle, designed by Barry Hart of the Barton company. English motorcycle racer Roger Marshall did most of David Essex's riding for the film.
Reception.
"The Guardian" said "the story is as boring as hell". The "Los Angeles Times" called it a "lively genre piece".
The film was not a commercial success at the box office. It holds a 33% fresh rating on review aggregate site Rotten Tomatoes.


Gisund Bridge

Gisund Bridge () is a cantilever road bridge on Norwegian County Road 86 in Senja Municipality in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. The bridge crosses the Gisundet strait from the town of Finnsnes on the mainland to the village of Silsand on the island of Senja. The bridge has 25 spans, the main span being long. The maximum clearance to the sea below the bridge is . Gisund Bridge was opened on 23 June 1972.


Masangxi Bridge

The Masangxi Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge which crosses the Yangtze River in Chongqing, China. Completed in 2001, it has a main span of and is wide. The bridge carries 6 lanes of traffic on the G75 Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway between the Banan District east of the Yangtze River and the Dadukou District to the west.


Type 82 artillery

The Type 82 Artillery is a 30-tube 130 mm multiple rocket launcher used by the People's Liberation Army of China. It is replacing the 19 tube 130 mm multiple rocket launcher of the Type 70 (on a YW 531C) and Type 63 (on a 4X4 truck).


Mike Rowe

Michael Gregory Rowe (born March 18, 1962) is an American television host, narrator, and former opera singer. He is known for his work on the Discovery Channel series "Dirty Jobs" and the series "Somebody's Gotta Do It" originally developed for CNN. He currently hosts a series produced for Facebook called "Returning the Favor" in which he finds people doing good deeds and does something for them in return. He also hosts the podcast "The Way I Heard It with Mike Rowe", which he describes as "short stories designed specifically for the curious mind plagued with a short attention span". Rowe has narrated programs on the Discovery Channel, The Science Channel, and National Geographic Channel such as "Deadliest Catch", "How the Universe Works", and "Shark Week". He has also appeared in commercials for firms such as the Ford Motor Company.
In June 2020, Discovery Channel announced "Dirty Jobs: Rowe’d Trip", four episodes to be aired in mid-July 2020, billed as "part reunion, part road-trip, part look-back-special".
Early life.
Rowe was born in Baltimore County, Maryland, to John and Peggy Rowe, who were both teachers. He stated in commercials for "Dirty Jobs" that the show is a tribute to his father and grandfather. He became an Eagle Scout in 1979 in Troop 16 in Overlea, and he read out loud to students at the Maryland School for the Blind during his service project for Eagle Scout. He cites this as one of the reasons that he became interested in narrating and writing. In June 2012, Rowe was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award by the Boy Scouts of America.
Rowe attended Kenwood Presbyterian Church in Nottingham, Maryland, which his parents still regularly attend. He graduated from Overlea High School in 1980, where he excelled in theater and singing under choir director Freddie King, whom Rowe credits for his interest in performing. He then studied at Essex Community College. He was named an Honorary Life Member of the Barbershop Harmony Society on July 8, 2017, at the Society's international convention in Las Vegas. In 1985, he graduated from Towson University with a degree in communication studies.
Television career.
As host.
Rowe has hosted "On-Air TV" for American Airlines, "No Relation" for FX, and "New York Expeditions" for PBS.
Starting in the mid-1980s, Rowe hosted "Your New Home" for WJZ-TV in Baltimore for 15 years.
In the early 1990s, Rowe hosted the CD-ROM music trivia game "Radio Active" (as "Bobby Arpeggio") for defunct Sanctuary Woods. During the same period, he was an on-air host for the home-shopping TV network QVC. In a 2006 interview, Rowe related how he got the job at QVC: "I was in the opera at the time. I walked across the street with a buddy of mine during a performance. We're dressed as Vikings and we have a drink. The TV is turned to QVC ... My buddy bets me $100 I can't get a call back. So I crashed the audition and got a job on the spot. I basically turned the whole thing into my own stupid David Letterman show. I made fun of the callers and made fun of the products." Rowe has claimed that QVC fired him three times. When told in a 2008 episode of "Dirty Jobs" that the gourds he was working on would be sold via QVC, he said he was familiar with the corporation and proceeded to ad-lib a sales pitch for them.
In the 1990s, Rowe hosted "Channel 999" instructional guide for the defunct PrimeStar satellite television service.
In 2002, Rowe hosted "Worst Case Scenarios" for TBS.
From 2001 to 2004, Rowe hosted "The Most" for The History Channel. From 2001 to 2005, Rowe hosted "Evening Magazine" on KPIX-TV in San Francisco. During this time, he appeared in a news segment called "Somebody's Gotta Do It", profiling a number of unpleasant professions; the concept later grew into "Dirty Jobs". Rowe's first work with the Discovery Channel included a trip to the Valley of the Golden Mummies to host "Egypt Week Live!", where he explored ancient tombs live with Dr. Zahi Hawass, an Egyptian archaeologist.
In September 2012, Rowe hosted a three-part series "How Booze Built America" on the Discovery Channel.
CNN announced on April 10, 2014, that Rowe would host "Somebody's Gotta Do It", a new "Original Series" that began in the fall of 2014 lineup. The series now airs on the Trinity Broadcasting Network. Rowe highlights "unique individuals" in their respective passionate undertakings, whether it be work, hobby or fanaticism. "Somebody's Gotta Do It" is produced by Craig Piligian’s Pilgrim Studios.
As narrator.
In addition to hosting programs, Rowe has an extensive background as a narrator. His work with Discovery Channel includes narrating "American Chopper", "American Hot Rod", "Deadliest Catch", "Wild Pacific", "Silver Rush", and "Ghost Lab", as well as other Discovery specials and series such as "How the Universe Works", and Syfy's "Ghost Hunters". Rowe has hosted the Discovery Channel's annual "Shark Week" in 2006 and 2008, along with hosting the special "You Spoof Discovery", an amateur parody video special which poked fun at some of the popular series on the Discovery Channel's lineup. Rowe is currently the narrator for National Geographic Channel's series "Wicked Tuna".
Rowe is a lifelong fan of radio broadcaster Paul Harvey.
Rowe was originally tapped to be the on-screen host of the Discovery Channel's "Deadliest Catch", a show about crab fishing in the Bering Sea, and shot footage aboard several crab boats in addition to narrating the series. When "Dirty Jobs" was picked up by Discovery, he was told to choose which show he wanted to appear in on-screen. Rowe claims he was told by Discovery that the shows would air back-to-back on the same night: "We can't have you telling us stories about six dead fishermen on camera and making a fart joke with your arm in a cow's ass". Rowe chose to host "Dirty Jobs" and narrate "Deadliest Catch"; the footage of him on the boats was not used in the series, although he did appear in a season finale of "Deadliest Catch", interviewing the boat captains. Rowe hosted a related show about life on the Bering Sea, a 2007 miniseries, "After the Catch", a show which has continued after each season of "Deadliest Catch".
Other narration work by Rowe includes "Mystery Diagnosis", "Drydock: A Cruise Ship Reborn", "Southern Steel", "Powertool Drag Racing", "Scavengers Rock (Animal Planet)", "Airplane Repo" and the opening of "Ghost Hunters", a Syfy series from the producers of "American Chopper". Additionally, Rowe has done voiceover work for the reality television show "The Ultimate Fighter" and the NASCAR pre-race show for the 2009 Chase on ESPN.
From December 21, 2009, to June 2012, Rowe was the announcer on "ABC World News with Diane Sawyer".
He hosts a podcast called "The Way I Heard It with Mike Rowe", in partnership with Red Seat Ventures.
Additional appearances.
On October 7, 2007, Rowe appeared on Fox's "American Dad!" as the voice of a meter maid.
Rowe appeared on an episode of "Sesame Street" (Season 39) in a segment called "Dirtiest Jobs With Mike Rowe", which aired on October 13, 2008. Rowe visits Sesame Street to find the dirtiest job, which happens to belong to Oscar. Rowe must do all the things Oscar does. His tasks include finding and counting stinky cheese, sorting trash, and giving his pet pig, Spot, a mud bath. To Oscar's chagrin, Rowe does not want to stop, as he is having too much fun.
Mike Rowe spoke to more than 70,000 scouts, leaders, and visitors at the 2010 National Scout Jamboree in Fort AP Hill, Virginia, and a second time at the 2013 National Scout Jamboree in Bechtel Summit. Rowe, an Eagle Scout, spoke to the crowd about the importance of being physically and mentally clean, but emphasized the need for all scouts to get dirty.
In 2012, Rowe appeared in the 'Baxter & Sons' episode of the ABC sitcom "Last Man Standing" playing the role of Jim Baxter, the brother of Tim Allen's character.
In June 2013, Mike Rowe spoke to the delegates at the 49th Annual National Leadership and Skills Conference for SkillsUSA in Kansas City, Missouri. He addressed the crowd of 15,000+ at Kemper Arena about the importance to "Work Smart "and" Hard".
In 2017, Rowe was a guest on the premiere episode of "This Old House". This first project of the season spotlights "Generation Next", an organization that is training young people to learn the building trades. Rowe, through his "mikeroweWORKS" foundation and the "This Old House" people are supporting this initiative.
As pitchman.
Beginning in March 2007, he was featured in several Ford Motor Company F-Series truck commercials, presented in a style similar to "Dirty Jobs", including one for Ford Sync. In the summer of 2009, he appeared in advertisements for Ford and Lincoln-Mercury vehicles that used the tagline, "Why Ford. Why Now."
On July 26, 2010, Rowe became the spokesperson for Caterpillar, "spending time with Caterpillar customers and dealers to get a real world perspective on their jobs and how the two partner to be successful."
In 2011, Rowe appeared with his parents in television spots for Viva paper towels.
Trade activism.
On Labor Day 2008, Rowe launched the mikeroweWORKS Foundation, which is focused on the decline in the blue collar trades and the crumbling state of the infrastructure. A trade resource center has been launched and provides information, resources, and forums for people interested in learning about, or pursuing a career in, the trades, as well as a new blog aggregator for the trades and construction industry called the "Trades Hub", which launched in April 2011.
On September 29, 2010, Mike Rowe and the Association of Equipment Manufacturers started a campaign called "I Make America", aimed to create jobs in the manufacturing sector by encouraging infrastructure investment and export agreements. The group stated that the campaign would improve the economy and global competitiveness of the United States.
In May 2011, Rowe testified on the issue of trade activism before the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation.
Rowe has contributed video content to The Alabama Construction Recruitment Institute's trade-worker recruiting campaign GoBuildAlabama.com, culminating in an Iron Bowl-themed commercial broadcast on local CBS affiliates during Thanksgiving weekend 2010.
Rowe sent a letter to President Obama at the start of his first term offering to help promote the three million "shovel ready" jobs promised during the campaign, suspecting it might be a tough sell, "given the country's then-current relationship with the shovel." He did not receive a reply. During the 2012 presidential election, Rowe contacted GOP candidate Mitt Romney and appeared with him on September 26, 2012, at a campaign event in Ohio. "He's non partisan, he's not here to endorse me, he's not here to add support to one campaign or another," Romney said of his guest. "He's here to talk about his ideas about how to help America create more jobs."
In spring 2013, mikeroweWORKS launched its newest initiative, Profoundly Disconnected. Rowe states, "many of the best opportunities that exist today require a skill, not a diploma. The purpose of this site is to promote that simple truth." While in high school in 1979, Rowe saw a poster in his guidance counselor's office that read "Work Smart, Not Hard". He hated it so much, he changed it to "Work Smart AND Hard"; he now prints such posters and wants them hanging all over the country to get people to change the way hard work is perceived.
Rowe describes himself as a cheerleader for both blue-collar workers and white-collar workers, hoping to promote individual initiative and positive thinking throughout the U.S. economy. He has stated that he feels alienated from the current U.S. political system given that both business owners and regular workers receive, in his opinion, unfair criticism, with issues such as geographical mismatching and a lack of job training causing unemployment. Rowe has stated that he is a gun owner and a supporter of the U.S. 2nd Amendment, but not a member of the National Rifle Association because he is "not much of a joiner".
In April 2021, when asked about the debate about raising the minimum wage, Rowe said "I worry that the path to a skilled trade can be compromised when you offer an artificially high wage for, I hate the expression, but an unskilled job."
Awards and honors.
Rowe was the first winner of the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Reality Show Host in 2011.
In 2016, Rowe was made an Honorary Lifetime Member of the Barbershop Harmony Society.
Rowe received the Outstanding Host for a Daytime Program award for "Returning the Favor" at the 2020 Daytime Emmy awards.
Personal life.
Rowe sang professionally with the Baltimore Opera. He resides in San Francisco, California. In 2016, he was subject to rumors describing his death, leading him to quote the famous line attributed to Mark Twain: "Reports of my death are greatly exaggerated."


Biblical Zoo railway station

Jerusalem Biblical Zoo railway station is an Israel Railways station on the Jaffa-Jerusalem railway, located in the southwestern part of the city next to the Jerusalem Biblical Zoo. The station sees limited service; with only 26,445 passengers recorded in 2019, it was the country's second least-used station, ahead of only Dimona railway station.
Service to the station has been suspended entirely since March 2020 due to poor usage combined with the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and it is unclear if or when it will resume.


Karosa B 932

Karosa B 932 is an urban bus produced by bus manufacturer Karosa from the Czech Republic, in the years of 1996 to 2002. Modernised version B932E was introduced in 1999. It was succeeded by Karosa B 952 in 2002.
Construction features.
Karosa B 932 is a model of the Karosa 900 series. The B 932 is derived from the Karosa B 732 city bus, and also unified with city bus models such as the B 941 and the B 931. The body is semi-self-supporting with frame and engine with manual gearbox in the rear part. The engine drives only the rear axle. The front axle is independent, rear axle is solid. All axles are mounted on air suspension. On the right side are three doors (first are narrower than middle doors). Inside are used plastic Vogelsitze or Fainsa seats. The driver's cab is separated from the rest of the vehicle by a glazed partition. In the middle part is room for a pram or wheelchair.
Production and operation.
In 1996 started serial production, which continued until 2002. Since 1999 were buses produced only in modernised version B 932 E, which has new solid front axle Škoda-LIAZ, floor lowered in front part by 10 centimeters, ABS and ASR.
Currently, number of Karosa B932 buses is decreasing, due to supply of new low-floor buses, for example by SOR NB 12 and SOR NS 12 made in Czech Republic and Iveco Urbanway 12m made in France.


Port of Wenzhou

The Port of Wenzhou is a natural estuary deep-water international seaport on the coast of Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. It opens into the East China Sea. In 2013, its total cargo throughput was 25.16 million tonnes, up 15.4% from 2012, and container throughput was 570,200 TEU, up 10.19%.
Layout.
The Port as of 2012 had 16 production berths, of which 4 were deep-water berths with capacity for 100,000DWT.
Wenzhou Port operates on seven port areas, three main ones and four ancillary areas.


Hans Fichtner

Hans Joachim Oskar Fichtner (September 8, 1917 – October 21, 2012) was a rocket scientist who worked on V-2 rockets for Wernher von Braun at Peenemünde from 1939 to 1945. He was among the scientists to surrender and travel to the United States to provide rocketry expertise via Operation Paperclip which took them first to Fort Bliss, Texas (1945–1949). He continued his work with the team when they moved to Redstone Arsenal, and he joined Marshall Space Flight Center to work for NASA.
In a personal letter to a space aficionado, Fichtner wrote, "I worked at Peenemünde to design the control system of the A4. Later I laid out the electrical system for the V-2 ground and airborne. Arrived at the States with the 55 specialists Nov 17, 45, designed the electrical system for all White Sands V-2 launches in the first 1 years. Did all the electrical systems design for Redstone, Mercury-Redstone, Jupiter, Pershing missile. Was totally responsible for the entire ground and airborne electrical systems for the Apollo 100, 200 series, all Saturn V firings and Skylab after Apollo project. Was Chief engineer for the satellite series high energy astronomy observatory (HEAO). Worked as a consultant for the layout of the Spacelab. Electrical system with ESA in the Netherlands 1975/76. Introduced the automated, computerized checkout and firing sequence during the Saturn/Apollo program".


Port of Guam

The Port of Guam (officially, Jose D. Leon Guerrero Commercial Port) handles over ninety percent of total imports to the United States island territory of Guam. Located in the north of Apra Harbor on Cabras Island, it shares harbor waters with Naval Base Guam and two small marinas. Family Beach on the Glass Breakwater is owned by the Port Authority of Guam, as well as numerous other water recreational businesses leased by the Authority.
History.
After taking possession of the island in the 1898 Spanish-American War, the United States operated it as its coaling and shipping station in the western Pacific. Except for the Japanese occupation of Guam from 1941 to 1944, the territorial Naval Administration ran the commercial port until 1951, when the 24 acres of commercial port was transferred to the United States Department of Commerce. In 1962, the Interior Department transferred the commercial port to the Government of Guam. Over 1,000 acres was eventually transferred from the federal government to the Government of Guam for port use. The Port Authority of Guam was established as an autonomous public corporation by law in 1975. In 2002, the Port of Guam was officially renamed Jose D. Leon Guerrero Commercial Port, after the first commercial port manager.
The Port Authority also manages two separate marinas: Gregorio D. Perez Marina (formerly, Agana Boat Basin) in Hagåtña and Agat Marina in Agat.


Funivia di Monteviasco

The Funivia di Monteviasco ("Monteviasco Ropeway") is a passenger cable car connecting "Ponte di Piero" and "Monteviasco", in the Italian "comune" of Curiglia con Monteviasco (province of Varese).
The cable car was built and inaugurated in 1989 in order to break the isolation of the village of Monteviasco in val Veddasca (a valley near the Lago Maggiore), which is not reached by driveways or railways and was previously accessible only by a couple of steepy footpaths.
The base station in "Ponte di Piero" is at an altitude of 543m, with the top station in "Monteviasco" at 943m. The cable car climbs with an ascension of 400m in an overall length of 981m.
The cableway features a single car carrying 15 people; the service runs year-round, with different timetables depending from the season.
Tickets are sold in both stations; the prices are set by the regional authority of Lombardy, because the cableway is part of the public transport network.
Since November 12, 2018 the cableway is out of order, following a fatal accident who caused the death of a maintenance technician.


Singapore Underground Road System

The Singapore Underground Road System, SURS (Chinese: 地下道路系统; Malay: "Sistem Jalan Bawah Tanah Singapura") was a proposed road underground system in Singapore. The project comprised two 15 km-long, 2-4 lane concentric ring tunnels around the central business district, with 8 interchanges and 33 entrances and exits. The capital cost was estimated to be at $2.4 billion with a construction period of 15 years. The project was first considered in the 1980s and was seen as a way to cater for increasing traffic growth in and out of the city centre.
On 29 August 2017, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) scrapped this project as part of a shift to a car-lite society. This comes after enhancements to the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) network and changes to land use policies over the years since the project's conceptualisation. As a result, land safeguarded for the project since 1993 was freed up for other developmental purposes, allowing for greater flexibility by developers.


Shahid Mofatteh Metro Station (Tehran)

Mofatteh Metro Station is a station in Tehran Metro Line 1. It is located in the junction of Dr. Mofatteh Street and Ostad Motehari Street. It is between Haft-e-Tir Metro Station and Shahid Beheshti Metro Station.


Bandon West railway station

Bandon West railway station was on the West Cork Railway in County Cork, Ireland.
History.
The station opened on 12 June 1866. It was moved and rebuilt on 1 June 1874.
Regular passenger services were withdrawn on 1 January 1880.


Neriyakulam railway station

Neriyakulam railway station ( "Nēriyakuḷam toṭaruntu nilaiyam") () is a railway station in the town of Neriyakulam in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Mannar Line which links Mannar Island with the capital Colombo. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2013 due to the civil war. The Mannar Line between Medawachchiya and Madhu Road, which includes Neriyakulam, was re-opened on 14 May 2013.


Flight 257

Flight 257 may refer to:


Wherry Yacht Charter Charitable Trust

The Wherry Yacht Charter Charitable Trust (WYC) is a waterway society and registered charity number 1096073, on the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads in East Anglia, England, UK. Wherry Yacht Charter originated as a business run by Peter Bower and Barney Matthews, first chartering their wherry yachts Olive and Norada, and later acquiring and restoring pleasure wherry Hathor. The Trust was established in 2002 and its stated aims are to restore, protect and sail the three Norfolk wherries Hathor, Olive and Norada, and to keep them together as the only remaining wherry fleet.
Hathor was built in 1905 at Reedham, Norfolk as a private holiday vessel for the Colman's Mustard and Boardman families, a role she fulfilled until the 1950s. She was subsequently owned for a period by Claud Hamilton, author of Hamilton's Guides to the Broads, and later spent a period (dismasted) as a houseboat at Martham. She was purchased by WYC in 1985, and, after 2 years of restoration work was used for holiday and educational charters for over 20 years. After a Farewell Tour in 2009 she was laid up, and in 2013 was hauled out for a 2-year restoration. Her relaunch event in 2015 saw five wherries sailing on the River Ant at How Hill, and she now provides sailing opportunities and school visits in the summer season.
Norada was built in 1912 at Wroxham and worked as a hire boat until 1950. After a time with private owners, which also saw a name change to Lady Edith, she was bought by Barney Matthews in 1964 and underwent extensive restoration. She was let out for charter again from 1984, and reverted to her original name on her 75th anniversary in 1987. From 2006 Norada was out of the water for restoration of the hull, and was relaunched in 2011. She is now used for private charters and public sailings.
Olive was built in 1909 at Wroxham and worked as a hire boat until 1958. She had four more owners until she was restored by the Trust and used for educational charters. In 2005 she sank at her moorings but has undergone repair and restoration and was relaunched in 2013. She is now used for private charters and public sailings.
The Trust obtained a grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund to purchase the wherries (achieved in 2004), to give the public access to the boats, and to run environmental education programmes. Each year, in a sailing season from approximately Easter to October, the Trust offers a series of public sailing trips and wherry viewings, and makes the wherry yachts available for private charter. In recent years, the Trust has also acquired the use of two further wherries: White Moth (1912) and Ardea (1927), allowing further charter income to be generated.


Megiddo Airfield

Megiddo Airfield () , known as Shachar 7 by the Israel Defense Forces, is an Israeli airfield located in the Jezreel Valley near Tel Megiddo and southwest of Afula. Opened in 1942 as RAF Station Megiddo and was used as an auxiliary field to RAF Station Ramat David. It currently handles private and agricultural flights. It formerly served as an Israeli Air Force base and was decommissioned in the mid-1980s.
On October 11, 1989, a Syrian MiG-23MLD defected to Israel, landing at Megiddo. The aircraft was afterwards flown by IAF's Flight Test Center and is now on display in the IAF museum in Hatzerim.
In April 2006, Jezreel Valley Regional Council announced that an international airport will be constructed in Megiddo in cooperation with a number of authorities. The new airport will be located on a 400 dunam (400,000 m², 100 acres) site and construction is to cost $35 million. Officials report that the airport will undoubtedly increase tourism to the Jezreel Valley and surrounding areas.


Summer Lovers

Summer Lovers is a 1982 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Randal Kleiser and starring Peter Gallagher, Daryl Hannah and Valerie Quennessen. It was filmed on location on the island of Santorini, Greece. The original music score is composed by Basil Poledouris. "Summer Lovers" featured "Hard to Say I'm Sorry", a No. 1 hit for Chicago, and "I'm So Excited" by The Pointer Sisters.
Plot.
Americans Michael Pappas and Cathy Featherstone, a young couple from Connecticut who have just graduated from college, have known each other about 10 years and have been together about half that time. They vacation for almost the entire summer (nine weeks.) on the Greek island of Santorini. Michael sees it as a chance to enjoy one last crazy summer before going to work at his recently deceased father's business in the fall. When they visit a nude beach crowded with other young tourists, they are hesitant at first but find themselves getting caught up in the uninhibited energy that surrounds them.
Cathy reads a book of sexual techniques, then ties Michael to the bed and drips candle wax on his chest. She comments that everyone thinks she's "such a Goody Two-Shoes" but she wants a little more adventure and is yearning to rebel against her rather conservative Old money upbringing.
Michael, who says he has never been with another woman, keeps noticing Lina Broussard, a French archaeologist on temporary assignment at the nearby Akrotiri excavation. One day, at the beach without Cathy, he gets his chance to talk to Lina and ends up starting an affair with her. He then feels so guilty that Cathy immediately notices something is wrong, and he admits what he has done, insisting that he still loves Cathy.
Cathy is naturally disturbed by this, but tells him to get it out of his system, which he takes as permission to return to Lina. Cathy then goes to a local bar intending to sleep with another man as a way to get revenge against Michael for cheating on her. But in the end she chickens out after getting picked up by an amorous local boy. When Michael comes home later after seeing Lina again, Cathy is angry.
Cathy goes to Lina's home to confront her. Lina assures Cathy that she does not intend to take Michael away from her, which seems to calm Cathy somewhat. Lina and Cathy end up spending several hours together getting acquainted, and find themselves fascinated by each other's work—Lina's archeology and Cathy's photography.
Michael is confused when he learns that the two women are developing a friendship, but he quickly recovers and the three of them spend a few days gradually getting closer. Cathy knows Michael is still sleeping with Lina from time to time, but seems to accept it, although she says it would be difficult for her to see them in bed together. Nevertheless, she tolerates increasing signs of affection between Michael and Lina in her presence.
In a very tense scene one evening, Cathy encourages Michael to kiss Lina. He gives Lina a light peck, but Cathy says it isn't convincing. He gradually turns up the heat while watching Cathy intently for her reaction. He then kisses Cathy, checking to see how this makes Lina feel. The three end up spending the night together. Lina moves in with them, and they continue enjoying the island paradise as a threesome.
Just as the fantasy seems to be a total success, the natural complications of domestic life, like who does the laundry or dishes, come to the foreground. The three work through these problems, but then Cathy's mother, Jean, appears on a surprise visit, snapping everyone back to reality. The visit is particularly tense because Cathy's mother arrives to awaken Michael and Lina after a birthday party for Lina at which the three cover each other in olive oil. Cathy tells Jean she's never been happier in her life. Although Lina claims to be bad at relationships and prefers just "screwing", the three actually seem to be falling in love all around.
Finding herself in an intense relationship, and uncertain about her future with them, Lina begins to fear getting hurt when the summer ends and the Americans return home. They tell her it doesn't have to end, but don't go into any details. To avoid getting too close to her new friends, Lina disappears with another young man, Jan Tolin, she met at the beach.
Cathy and Michael are distraught, and spend several days searching for Lina. Eventually they conclude they won't find her as long as she wants to remain hidden. But their memories of Lina loom over everything they try to do, and they can no longer enjoy their time on the island. They pack up to return home, even though they have three weeks remaining prepaid on their rental.
Lina finds her fears are outweighed by her feelings for the Americans, and returns to reunite with them, only to discover they have already gone. She races to the airport and intercepts them just as they are about to board the aircraft. Overjoyed at seeing her again, Cathy and Michael return to spend the last three weeks of their summer with her.
Production.
"Summer Lovers" with the screenplay by director Randal Kleiser was filmed during August–October 1981 primarily on the Greek island of Santorini. Other scenes were filmed on the islands of Crete, Delos and Mykonos. The villa that the Michael and Cathy characters stayed at was purchased by a couple in 1987 and made into a gift shop named "Summer Lovers".
The production secured an unprecedented permission to film at an actual dig, the presumed "lost city of Atlantis" at Akrotiri. In an area of the site selected for its light and production values, Quennessen, under the supervision and instructed by a real archaeologist, began work before the cameras, she had hardly set to work when she uncovered several pieces of 3,500-year-old pottery which were turned in and added to the scientific collection.
The film was shot flat (1.85:1), but all home video editions are in 1.33:1 (4:3) pan & scan ratio. "Summer Lovers" is erroneously listed as a scope (2.35:1) production in Leonard Maltin's movie guide, as well as the IMDb. In fact, the film's original press kit confirms that the film was shot in the 1.85:1 aspect ratio. Occasionally on the MGM HD network, the film is shown in 1:85.1 aspect ratio (16:9) in 1080i high definition. The film was available on Blu-ray on August 11, 2015 (limited edition to 3000). There are scenes in the film's trailer that do not appear in the final cut. German TV has shown a wider screen version than the DVD/Blu-ray releases, but with reduced vertical picture.
Hans Van Tongeren, an acclaimed Dutch actor, was visiting the area as a tourist when Daryl Hannah spotted him in the crowd. She arranged a meeting with the director and, subsequently, Van Tongeren was added to the cast as Jan. In a scene, actor Christopher Atkins was in a photograph published in a Greek magazine. Atkins had recently starred in "The Blue Lagoon" (1980) for director Randal Kleiser. Daryl Hannah's character remarks, "I use to dream I was a mermaid." Two years later, Daryl Hannah starred as a mermaid in "Splash" (1984).
"Summer Lovers" is the final theatrically-released film of actress Valérie Quennessen, who played a working archaeologist. She retired from acting shortly after to raise her children and died in a car accident in 1989 at the age of 31.
Reception.
"Summer Lovers" was poorly received by critics. The film holds a rating of 25% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 8 reviews, with an average rating of 4.54/10.
Roger Ebert reviewed the film with two of four stars and noted that the film's central core was as a "beach film" but that the director's vision was confusing. "His problem, then, is that his insights keep interrupting the sex, and the sex keeps undermining the insights. The result is a movie that doesn't really work as semi-erotic romance, and never quite gets itself together as a character study." According to Ebert, it is "sort of fun, in a silly way", for which the engaging lead actors have to receive much the credit.
When asked by David Letterman to give a recent example of bad taste, director John Waters said he loved the film because it was "about being young, rich, stupid and nude."
In 2015, Jim Hemphill wrote that "under Kleiser’s relaxed but precise direction, their romantic adventures are incredibly erotic without ever coming across as “dirty” or smarmy. Indeed, one of the most appealing aspects of Summer Lovers is the innocence both its protagonists and the film itself project – arriving between the sexual revolution and AIDS, the film has a wistful, lighthearted quality that would have been unthinkable a few years earlier or later. Gloriously photographed in a palette of tan skin against white sand and blue water (...)".


Leonid Dushkin

Leonid Stepanovich Dushkin (Леонид Степанович Душкин) (August 15, 1910 in the Spirove settlement of the Tver region – April 4, 1990), was a major pioneer of Soviet rocket engine technology. He graduated from Moscow State University with a degree in mathematics and mechanics. In October 1932, he joined Fridrikh Tsander's brigade of GIRD, the Moscow rocket research group. He assisted in the creation of their first rocket engine OR-2, and after Tsander's death, he oversaw the creation of engine "10" which powered the first Soviet liquid-fuel rocket, GIRD-X.
Dushkin's engines were among the first to be regeneratively cooled, and he also experimented with uncooled engines of high-temperature ceramic. The 12K engines were of both types, and powered the Aviavnito rocket.
After the arrest of Valentin Glushko, Dushkin took over the development of rocket engines for the rocket-enhanced fighter plane RP-318. He became the leader of the department of liquid propellent rocket engines in NII-3 beginning in January 1938. Starting with Glushko's engines (ORM-65 and RD-1), he began a series of important engineering transformations, moving the fuel injectors to a head at one end of a cylindrical chamber, typical of modern design. The RDA-150, RDA-300 used nitric acid as an oxidizer, RDK-150 used liquid oxygen.
The 1100 kgf thrust engine, D-1-A-1100 was developed for the rocket-powered interceptor BI-1. It was also regeneratively cooled, using the kerosine to cool the chamber, and the nitric acid to cool the nozzle. Starting with that engine, Aleksei Mihailovich Isaev began the evolution of his engines, which continued the evolution of engines toward the space-rocket engines of the 1950s.


Huangpu Bridge

The Huangpu Bridge carries expressway traffic over two branches of the Pearl River in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. The bridge is a combined suspension and cable-stayed bridge. The suspension bridge portion crosses the south western channel and has a main span of . the suspension bridge span is one of the ten longest in China and among the 20 longest in the world. The cable stayed portion spans over the north east channel. At high the pylon on the cable-stayed section is one of the tallest bridge pylons in the world.
The total length of the bridge is . Construction of the bridge began in December 2003 and it was opened for traffic in December 2008. The bridge carries traffic on the G4W Guangzhou–Macau Expressway.


JDS Takatsuki

JDS "Takatsuki" (DD-164) was the lead ship of Takatsuki-class destroyers. She was commissioned on 15 March 1967.
Construction and career.
"Takatsuki" was laid down on October 8, 1964. Launched on January 7, 1966, commissioned on March 15, 1967, it was incorporated into the 1st Escort Group as a ship under direct control and deployed to Kure.
On March 27, 1968, the 1st Escort Corps was newly commissioned under the 1st Escort Corps group and was incorporated with JDS Kikuzuki commissioned on the same day.
From November 1970 to March 30, 1970, a regular inspection was carried out at Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Tokyo No. 2 Factory, equipped with variable depth sonar (VDS) and a tactical information processing device NYYA-1.
On February 1, 1971, it was incorporated into the 2nd Escort Group as a flagship, and the fixed port was transferred to Sasebo.
It was decided to be dispatched as a disaster in response to the 10th Yuyomaru incident that occurred in Tokyo Bay on November 9, 1974, and on November 26, the incident site together with the escort vessels JDS Haruna, JDS Mochizuki, JDS Narushio and JDS Yukikaze. She was dispatched to Tokyo Bay and fired for submergence from the 27th to the 28th.
In 1977, participated in a practicing voyage to the ocean.
On March 27, 1981, it was incorporated into the 1st Escort Group as a flagship, and the fixed port was transferred to Yokosuka.
Joined the 1st Escort Corps of the 4th Escort Corps on March 30, 1983.
It has undergone a modernization refurbishment (FRAM) since April 1, 1984, which was completed on October 31, 1985.
Since June 1994, she has participated in a practicing voyage to North America with the escort vessels JDS Nagatsuki, JDS Mochizuki, and JS Shirayuki.
On March 16, 1995, she was transferred to the Maizuru District Force 2nd Escort Corps, and the fixed port was transferred to Maizuru.
On March 24, 1997, the 2nd escort was renamed the 24th escort due to the revision of the corps number.
She was decommissioned on August 16, 2002. Despite the FRAM, the ship was 35 years and 5 months old, with a total voyage of 814,113 nautical miles (37.6 laps of the earth) and a total voyage of 65,480 hours.


Flight 5

Flight 5 or Flight 005 may refer to the following accidents involving commercial airliners:


Sign cricket

Sign cricket (also called pub cricket) is a car game which is played in the United Kingdom and other countries with a sufficient number of suitably named pubs. Players score points by spotting pub signs: the score is equal to the total number of physical legs belonging to the people or animals in the pub's name. (For example, the King George would be worth two points.)
Rules.
There are several variations of the rules. A basic version is described in the 1966 "AA Book of the Road". Taking it in turns during a journey, one player "bats". This means he looks for pubs which the car passes. When one is found he gets a "run" (point) for each physical leg possessed by the subject of the title of the pub. Thus "The Jolly Sailor", a biped, gets 2 points whilst "The White Horse", a quadruped, gets 4. If a pub's name is that of an object or concept with no legs, it scores no points. A player is "out" if the pub name includes the word "arms" or "head" (e.g. "The King's Head", "The Baker's Arms"), and it is the next player's turn. The game ends at the end of the journey. The player with the highest score wins.
Disputes.
Disputes can occur with many pub signs. For example, is "Hogshead" "out" (the head of a hog) or "no points" (the type of barrel known as a hogshead)? Does the "Highwayman's Arms" get a player out, treating "arms" as naming the highwayman's front limbs, or two points, counting his legs and treating "arms" as referring to his weapons? Is "King Henry's Rest" "two points" because of the King or "no points" because the "Rest" is an inanimate object? How many horses are there in "Coach and Horses"? Does the slug in "The Slug and Lettuce" have one leg or no legs?
These disputes can be resolved by mutual agreement as they arise but players may prefer to agree house rules in advance. There are three ways to handle signs with plural nouns such as "The Coach and Horses": (1) agree that any ill-defined plural noun counts as two of that object (so two horses, for eight points); (2) count the horses on the picture outside the pub (e.g. four horses get 16 points); or (3) agree in advance that ill-defined groups such as "The Coach and Horses" or "The Cavaliers" count a certain number of runs (e.g. six or ten).
Numberplate cricket.
One variation on this game scores 'runs' based on car number plates. When the driver gets behind another car, the number plate is examined, and the number plate either scores runs or wickets. The numbers in the plate are added together and multiplied by the number of vowels in the plate. If the answer is 0, then a wicket falls. For example:
Play continues until the batter loses 10 wickets, then the next player bats.
High scoring pubs.
Of commonly occurring pub signs, amongst the best are "The Seven Swans" (14 points) and "Fox and Hounds" (12 points). Some unusual pub names can score far more – "The Twenty Church Wardens", in Cockley Cley, Norfolk, scores 40 points and "The Million Hare", in Woolwich, scored 4 million points in the basic version of the game until it was renamed.
"The Cricketers" scores four points (the number of cricketers is unspecified, so assume two) but "The Cricket Team", if it existed, would score 22 (there are eleven cricketers on a cricket team). "The Eleven Cricketers" at Storrington in Sussex, now closed, did score 22 runs since the number of cricketers was specified.
The "Duke of York's Men" can be argued to fetch 20,000 points, by reference to the nursery rhyme, but can also be argued to score only four points as the name does not specify how many men. Similarly, "The Beehive" could be argued to equal 60000 points, as there would be at least 10,000 bees in a beehive; conversely it could be argued to gain twelve points as the number of bees are not specified. It could also be argued that the beehive is the hive itself and therefore scores no points.
Example game.
Alice and Bob play the game using the basic version and handling plurals using method (1). Alice is "in".
The journey ends. Bob wins with 24 points to Alice's 22.


Jalan Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam

Jalan Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam (Malacca state route ), also known as Jalan Lorong Pandan, is a major highway in Malacca state, Malaysia. It was built in April 2007 and was named after former Malacca's State Assemblyman for Machap and also State Housing and Local Government Committee, Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam.


Kempraten railway station

Kempraten is a railway station in Switzerland, situated near the village of Kempraten in the municipality of Rapperswil-Jona. The station is located on the Lake Zurich right bank railway line.
The station is served by the following passenger trains:
External links.
<BR>


Austmannali Tunnel

The Austmannali Tunnel () is a road tunnel in Ullensvang Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The long tunnel is part of the European route E134 highway as it goes up the Austmannlia mountain. The tunnel is located just south of the lake Valldalsvatnet, about northeast of the village of Røldal. The tunnel was built in 1982 to replace a steep section of the highway that was built in 1880 which had a road grade of 8.3% and included five sharp hairpin turns. The new tunnel is wider than the old road and it is one large horseshoe curve with a steady increase in elevation through the whole tunnel.
On 20 November 2009, there was a large rock slide and about of rock crushed the lower entrance area of the tunnel, completely blocking it. The concrete structure supporting the entrance was completely destroyed.


Scupper

A scupper is an opening in the side walls of a vessel or an open-air structure, which allows water to drain instead of pooling within the bulwark or gunwales of a vessel, or within the curbing or walls of a building.
There are two main kinds of scuppers:


Long Semado Airport

Long Semado Airport is an airport serving Long Semado in the state of Sarawak in Malaysia. There are no scheduled flights at this airport.


Iisalmi railway station

Iisalmi railway station is located in Iisalmi, Finland. The station is operated by VR.
In December 2006 the electrification of the railway between Iisalmi and Oulu was completed.


Charleville railway station

Charleville railway station is station on the Cork to Dublin Railway line.
It is located a mile outside the town of Charleville mostly in North County Cork, Ireland though the border with County Limerick, Ireland crosses the track alignment diagonally, towards the northern end of the platforms. The station is thus, unique in that it is the only open railway station in Ireland which straddles two counties. It is a small station, with three through platforms, though the third is rarely used.
Although a commuter service used to operate to Charleville for several years, the service ended in 2004 as a result of poor take-up.
In December 2005 services were further reduced to the station, in particular the 21:00 services from Heuston to Cork no longer stop there.
The station opened on 19 March 1849 and was closed for goods traffic on 6 September 1976.
Until March 1967 Charleville was also the junction for the Cork Direct Line, the shorter route between Limerick and Cork which left the Limerick to Foynes line at Patrickswell.


Oceanic Avenue

Oceanic Avenue (Avenida Oceânica in Portuguese) is an important road in the city of Salvador, Bahia that starts at the Farol da Barra, Barra (Neighborhood), and ends at Paciência Beach, the end of Ondina (Neighborhood).
Oceanic Avenue is the southernmost avenue in Salvador, and for most of its course it runs parallel to the Beach.
Since the 1980s, the avenue has been identified as one of the main tourist centers in the city, with many hotels, hostels, restaurants, night clubs, shoppings, and beaches. Oceanic Avenue shelters the Carnival of Salvador.


Ballinamore railway station

Ballinamore railway station was a halt which served the village of Ballinamore in County Donegal, Ireland.
The halt opened on 3 June 1895 on the Donegal Railway Company line from Glenties to Stranorlar.
It closed on 15 December 1947 when the County Donegal Railways Joint Committee closed the line from Glenties to Stranorlar in an effort to save money.
Freight services on the route continued until 10 March 1952.


Grand Tour program

The Grand Tour was a NASA program that would have sent two groups of robotic probes to all the planets of the outer Solar System. It called for four spacecraft, two of which would visit Jupiter, Saturn, and Pluto, while the other two would visit Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune. The enormous cost of the project, around $1 billion, led to its cancellation and replacement with Mariner Jupiter-Saturn, which became the Voyager program.
Background.
The concept of the Grand Tour began in 1964, when Gary Flandro of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) noted that an alignment of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune that would occur in the late 1970s would enable a single spacecraft to visit all of the outer planets by using gravity assists. The particular alignment occurs once every 175 years. By 1966, JPL was promoting the project, noting it would allow a complete survey of the outer planets in less time and for less money than sending individual probes to each planet.
Grand Tour.
In 1969, NASA created the Outer Planets Working Group, which favored the concept of two missions that would visit three planets each (including Pluto, which was considered a planet at the time). These missions were referred to as the Grand Tour. One would launch in 1977 and visit Jupiter, Saturn, and Pluto, while the other would launch in 1979 and visit Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune. This would reduce total mission time compared to a single Grand Tour from over thirteen years to seven and a half years. The Working Group also called for the development of a new spacecraft to carry out the flyby missions. These probes, called Thermoelectric Outer Planets Spacecraft (TOPS), were being designed at JPL and featured an operational life of over ten years.
The plan was set out in a report by 23 scientists, released on August 3, 1969. The study panel was co-chaired by James A. Van Allen of the University of Iowa and Gordon J. F. MacDonald of the University of California, Santa Barbara. President Nixon gave White House support to the concept in a statement released on March 7, 1970.
By 1971, the estimated cost of Grand Tour was $750 to $900 million, plus over $100 million to launch the spacecraft. Congressional pressure, combined with internal competition from the recently approved Space Shuttle program, led to the decision to cancel the project in December 1971. The Grand Tour and TOPS were replaced with a proposal to visit only two planets using a pair of Mariner-derived probes.
Mariner Jupiter-Saturn.
The Mariner Jupiter-Saturn project was approved in early 1972, with an estimated cost of less than $360 million for each of two probes. The probes would be built by JPL, with the intention that they would last long enough to complete the original Grand Tour of the four giant planets, but be advertised as missions to only Jupiter and Saturn to reduce estimated total project costs.
The probes were to visit Jupiter, Saturn, and Saturn's moon Titan. Titan was a valuable target, as it was the only moon known to have an atmosphere, and a flyby would gather information that would not otherwise be obtainable, including the density, composition, and temperature of the atmosphere.
Two trajectories were selected. One was designated JST: its mission would take it to Jupiter, Saturn, and Titan, with the probe's trajectory designed to optimize the Titan flyby. The second was designated JSX: it would be launched on a trajectory that would preserve the option of a Grand Tour, while serving as backup for the first probe. It would arrive after JST, and if JST were successful, it could continue with the Grand Tour. If JST was unsuccessful, JSX could be diverted to perform the Titan flyby itself, which would eliminate the possibility of a Grand Tour.
In March 1977, just a few months before launch, NASA held a competition to rename the project.
Voyager.
The two spacecraft that launched retained the same mission concept. "Voyager 1"'s course was optimized for the Titan flyby and "Voyager 2" for the Grand Tour. "Voyager 2" would reach Saturn nine months after "Voyager 1", giving plenty of time to decide if it should proceed with the Grand Tour. Additionally, by launching "Voyager 2" first, "Voyager 1"'s launch could be re-targeted to perform the Grand Tour if "Voyager 2" were lost in a launch failure. An option to skip "Voyager 1"'s Titan flyby and proceed from Saturn to Pluto was identified, though Titan was still considered the more interesting target, especially after images from "Pioneer 11" indicated a very substantial atmosphere.
Though atmospheric haze obscured any images of Titan's surface, "Voyager 1"'s flyby obtained valuable information about the moon, including data that offered compelling evidence for the existence of liquid hydrocarbon lakes on Titan's surface. With "Voyager 1"'s mission complete," Voyager 2" was cleared for an extended mission to Uranus and Neptune, fulfilling the goal of a Grand Tour as proposed in 1964.
The planets originally to be visited in the Grand Tour.
Note: Pluto was still classified as a planet when the Grand Tour was proposed and at the time "New Horizons" was launched.


Bellas Artes metro station (Santiago)

Bellas Artes is an underground metro station on the Line 5 of the Santiago Metro. It has platforms narrower than those of the older Santiago's metro stations and has only one exit. Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts, which is located on Parque Forestal, and Santa Lucía Hill are within walking distance from the station. The station was opened on 3 March 2000 as part of the extension of the line was extended from Baquedano to Santa Ana.
The name Bellas Artes is Spanish for Fine Arts, an allusion to the aforementioned museum.
Transantiago buses.
The station is surrounded by 4 bus stops (Stops 3 and 5 do not exist):


Lauterbrunnen railway station

Lauterbrunnen is a railway station in the village and municipality of Lauterbrunnen in the Swiss canton of Bern. The station is on the Berner Oberland Bahn (BOB), whose trains operate services to Interlaken Ost. It is also the valley terminus of the Wengernalpbahn (WAB), whose trains operate to Kleine Scheidegg via Wengen, and of the Bergbahn Lauterbrunnen-Mürren (BLM), whose hybrid cable car and rail link runs to Mürren.
The BOB and WAB lines use different gauges, and there is no physical connection between them. However the trains operate from adjacent platforms within the same station. Trains of the BOB enter the station from the north, whilst trains of the WAB enter from the south. The lower, cable car, stage of the BLM departs from a terminal across the street from the main station which is connected to the main station via an underground walkway. The depot and workshop of the WAB lies to the south of the station.
Services.
 the following rail services stop at Lauterbrunnen:
Post bus services connect Lauterbrunnen station to other local places, including a half-hourly service to Stechelberg via the Trümmelbach Falls.
A large multi-story car park is situated to the east of station, intended for the use of travellers to the car free resorts of Wengen and Mürren, who must complete their journey by train.


Kuril Flyover

The Kuril Flyover is the third largest flyover in Bangladesh. Its foundation stone was laid on 2 May 2010.
Finally the work started in March 2011.
The flyover was opened on 4 August 2013.


Drummond railway station

Drummond station served Drummond in County Londonderry in Northern Ireland.
The Londonderry and Coleraine Railway opened the station on 1 July 1855, on a short horse-drawn tram from station.
It closed on 1 October 1855.


Japan National Route 209

National Route 209 is a national highway of Japan connecting Ōmuta, Fukuoka and Kurume, Fukuoka in Japan, with a total length of 35.5 km (22.06 mi).


Port of Janghang

The Port of Janghang is a port in South Korea, located in the county of Seocheon.


Kalngale Station

Kalngale Station is a railway station on the Zemitāni – Skulte Railway.