Menemsha Pond

Menemsha Pond is a salt pond split between the towns of Aquinnah & Chilmark, Massachusetts. At the mouth of the pond, the Menemsha Creek leads into the Menemsha Bight and the Vineyard Sound. Along Menemsha Creek sits the historic sea-side fishing village of Menemsha. Menemsha Pond connects to both Stonewall Pond via Nashaquitsa Pond and to Squibnocket Pond via the Squibnocket Herring Run.
Since 1902, Menemsha Pond is a federally recognized Harbor of Refuge. This designation altered the development of both the harbor at Menemsha and the channel into Menemsha Pond. Before the federal designation and redesign of the inlet, the channel was dredged locally to maintain access.
History.
Archeological exploration indicates that indigenous peoples of the Wampanoag tribe have inhabited the shores of Menemsha Pond for approximately 10,000 to 7,500 years. Additionally, the tribe still maintains a presence on the pound with the tribal run hatchery, herring run, and with the tribal members who fish both recreationally and commercially. In his 1969 book, "Archaeology of Martha's Vineyard", William A Ritchie excavated and carbon-dated materials found in the shell middens and living sites around the Vineyard including around Menemsha and Sqiudnocket Pond.
In 1748 the Menemsha Road was laid out from Menemsha Pond to the common (south) road.
In 1890, the Chief of Engineers of the US Army conducted a preliminary examination of Menemsha Bight
<poem>
Menemsha Bight, Massachusetts, an outlet into Vineyard Sound, on the north shore of the island of Marthas Vineyard, with a view of preventing the closing of said inlet. The improvement desired at this locality is the formation of a harbor of refuge for light-draft vessels by the construction of jetties and shore protection, estimated to cost $25,000. While this locality is regarded by Major Livermore and Col. Abbot as worthy of improvement, it is the opinion of these officers that in view of the difficulty of maintaining the improvement and of its large cost the demands of commerce do not justify the work being undertaken at the present time. Menemsha Bight is in the collection district of Edgartown, which is a port of entry. The amount of revenue collected at Edgartown in the last fiscal year was $310.94.</poem>
Although no work was done on the bight or creek at that time, this report would be a harbinger.
In 1938, all but one building in the town of Menemsha was destroyed during the hurricane of 1938. The strong surf surged through Menemsha and the small barrier beach that separated Menemsha pond and the ocean, washing away the collection of fishing shacks that populated the village. In the aftermath of the hurricane, the Army Corps of Engineers dredged the channel and built jetties on either side, hardening Menemsha's status as a port of refuge. The Menemsha channel would wander and change shape often, until the jetties were built. In fact, the Wampanoag word for the channel to Menemsha Pond is Wawitukq, meaning "the winding, twisting river". The 1938 hurricane also greatly damaged the fishing villages of Lobsterville and Squibnocket, both of whom would never recover. The new dredging of Menemsha harbor, with its added depth and dock space, made it ideal for the newly innovated motor-powered fishing and leisure boats.
Menemsha Bike Ferry.
The Menemsha Bike Ferry, also known as the Aquinnah-Menemsha ferry, travels the short distance between Aquinnah and Chilmark, taking bikes and pedestrians over the water where Menemsha Pond meets Menemsha Creek.
Administration.
The pond is dually administered by the towns of Aquinnah and Chilmark. Each town has their own harbormaster.
Fishing & Aquaculture.
Menemsha Pond supports commercial oyster farming. The towns also seed bay scallops, quahogs, and oysters in the pond. In addition, the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head runs a hatchery on the southwest side of the pond. In the past, the hatchery conducted flounder spawning programs. Currently, there are no spawning programs; however, the tribe monitors the adjacent herring run from the hatchery building.


Leopold Conville

Lt. Col. Leopold Henry George Conville CBE (19 October 1896 - 12 November 1979) was a British Army officer and farmer in Punjab on land that is now in Pakistan. He was appointed OBE and later CBE for services to the United Kingdom community in West Pakistan.
Early life and family.
Leopold Conville was born at Multan on 19 October 1896 to H. T. Conville (died 1939), a farmer and agent for agricultural machinery, and his wife. He was educated at Dulwich College and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He married Katherine Mary (Teresa) Gispert (1898-1973) and they had sons David Conville (1929-2018) who became a noted actor and theatre director, and an older child Michael.
Career.
Conville served in the British Army Royal Garrison Artillery as a second lieutenant and later as a captain. He eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel.
He inherited the very large Convillepur Farm, Sahiwal, in the Punjab, on his father's death in 1939. It was the subject of a reported Indian tax case in 1936 and is now in Pakistan. He was appointed OBE, and in 1960 was made CBE for services to the United Kingdom community in West Pakistan.
Death.
Conville died 12 November 1979. His address at the time of his death was Wisteria House, Colt Hill, Odiham, Hampshire. He was buried in Odiham Cemetery.


Rauchbier


Derwas Cumming

Derwas Goring Charles "Dave" Cumming (29 September 1891 – 3 May 1918) was an Australian rules footballer and soldier who was killed in the First World War.
Born in Millicent, South Australia, Cumming moved to Western Australia with his family at an early age. He made his senior debut for the Perth Football Club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) at the age of 15, while still a high school student. In 1911, Cumming moved to Melbourne to attend the University of Melbourne, playing two seasons for the University Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He then returned to Perth and played one final WAFL season in 1914. Cumming enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force the same year, and served in the Gallipoli Campaign and on the Western Front. He was awarded the Military Cross in 1917, and received a bar the following year. He died of wounds after the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux.
Early life.
Family.
Cumming was born in Millicent, South Australia, on 29 September 1891, the second of five children born to Catherine Frances Henrietta (née Jones), and Charles Walter Cumming. Both his parents were of English origin.
Cumming's uncle, Brigadier General Michael Derwas Goring-Jones, CMG, DSO, died as a consequence of poison gas in May 1919.
Cumming's older brother, Redmond Harry Owen Cumming, had been taken as a prisoner of war in April 1917. Unable to cope with his wartime experiences, he poisoned himself in March 1922, two months before the birth of a daughter.
Education.
At a young age, his family returned to Perth, Western Australia (Charles Cumming's hometown). There, he attended the Christian Brothers' College on St Georges Terrace, serving as a prefect in 1909. According to "The West Australian", Cumming was "one of the best known and most popular of the boys attending the secondary schools of Western Australia".
At school, he excelled at both cricket and football, captaining the college's cricket team in 1909. The following year, he was named Champion Athlete at the combined athletics carnival of the Public Schools Association, after winning the 100-yard race, 220-yard race, the 440-yard race, the 120-yard hurdles, the high jump, and the long jump.
Football career.
Perth (WAFL).
While playing for the school football team, Cumming caught the eye of recruiters from the Perth Football Club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL), and subsequently made his debut against on 22 June 1907.
Cumming did not play in Perth's grand final over in September 1907, in which they recorded their first premiership, but did play in the losing grand finals in 1908 and 1909.
He was aged 15 years and 273 days on his debut, making him one of only four people confirmed to have played senior WAFL football before their sixteenth birthday, along with Stan Hussey, Anthony Forrest, and Stan Magro. In 1941, when asked to rank Perth Football Club champion players over the preceding 30 years,
University (VFL).
After graduating from Christian Brothers' College in 1910, he left Western Australia to attend Trinity College at the University of Melbourne. While at the university, Cumming played a number for the University Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL), during which time he was generally referred to by his nickname, "Dave".
He played a total of 21 games for the club, kicking 34 goals, before returning to Perth after the completion of his degree. Cumming's best performance for University was five goals against in the last match of the 1911 season, out of only seven goals for the team. He finished the 1912 season with 17 goals from 10 games, second only to Bert Hartkopf for the club. This included two goals in University's round-three defeat of , the only win of Cumming's VFL career.
Military career and death.
Working for a time at "Yalkin", his mother's farm at Doodlakine, Cumming enlisted in the Australian Army in September 1914.
He left Australia on the transport ship "Medic" in November 1914 as a private in the 1st Divisional Ammunition Column, but transferred to the 16th Battalion in October 1915, where he served in the Gallipoli Campaign. Cumming transferred to the 48th Battalion in March 1916, as a second lieutenant, and was sent to serve on the Western Front with his unit. He was wounded in action at the Battle of Pozières, which necessitated a period of recovery in England, but was promoted to the rank of lieutenant before his return to France.
Cumming was again promoted, to captain, in April 1917, and in June of the same year was awarded the Military Cross for "conspicuous gallantry and ability in handling two companies of his Battalion participating in the attack", which occurred during "operations for capture of objective east of Messines on June 7th to 9th 1917." It was also noted: "[t]his officer's quick appreciation of the situation and prompt and effective action was greatly responsible for the consolidation and final success." He was also recommended for the Distinguished Service Order, but did not receive the award, possibly due to his rank.
In April 1918, Cumming received a Bar to the Military Cross, for "conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty in command of a flank company". He had "repeatedly repulsed" the enemy, then "protected the left, bringing very heavy fire onto the enemy", fighting a "brilliant rear guard action until the battalion was established in fresh positions."
Cumming died of wounds after the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux, on 3 May 1918. It was originally believed he was buried at the Australian-British Cemetery, but in 1923 it was discovered the site supposed to be his grave was marked with a military cross, rather than a grave marker. However, his name is included on the Villers–Bretonneux Australian National Memorial.


Robert Goodwill

Robert Goodwill (born 31 December 1956) is a British Conservative Party politician and farmer serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Scarborough and Whitby since 2005. He was previously a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Yorkshire and the Humber. Goodwill served in Theresa May’s government as Minister of State at the Home Office, the Department for Education and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.
Goodwill is a member of the Cornerstone Group of Conservative MPs. He describes himself as a "staunch Eurosceptic" but supported Remain in the EU referendum.
Early life.
Goodwill was born in Terrington, North Riding of Yorkshire, and was privately educated at the Quaker Bootham School in York, and the University of Newcastle upon Tyne where he received a Bachelor of Science degree in agriculture in 1979. He has been the managing director of Mowthorpe (UK) Ltd since 1995 which offers environmentally friendly burials in the North Yorkshire countryside.
Political career.
Goodwill is a member of the Conservative Party, and contested his first constituency - Redcar - at the 1992 general election, where he finished second, 11,577 votes behind the sitting Labour MP Mo Mowlam. He unsuccessfully contested Cleveland and Richmond at the 1994 European election. He again attempted to enter the House of Commons at the 1997 general election when he was selected for the marginally held Conservative seat of North West Leicestershire following the deselection of the sitting MP David Ashby. Goodwill was defeated by Labour's David Taylor by 13,219 votes. In 1998, he contested the Yorkshire South European Parliament by-election, but was again defeated.
He was elected as a Member of the European Parliament at the 1999 European Parliament election for the Yorkshire and the Humber region, serving in Brussels and Strasbourg until the 2004 European Parliament election. He was Deputy Leader of the Conservative MEPs during his term, and also opposed the Conservative Party's membership of the European People's Party in the European Parliament.
From 1999 to 2004, he was a member of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Policy, and from 2001 to 2004 was a member of the Committee on Women's Rights and Equal Opportunities.
In September 2001, he participated in the European Parliament Observer Mission on the Presidential Election in Belarus. In 2003, Goodwill criticised the Council of the European Union's proposal to ban smoky bacon flavoured crisps, calling it "over the top" and "disproportionate to the possible risks." During the 2004 European Parliament election campaign, "The Guardian" classed Goodwill as "pro-war" as a result of his supporting a motion in the European Parliament that said the Iraq War was inevitable and the result of Saddam Hussein's actions.
In the 2005 general election, Goodwill stood in the constituency of Scarborough and Whitby, winning the seat from the Labour incumbent Lawrie Quinn by 1,245 votes. He made his maiden speech on 6 June 2005.
In August 2005, Goodwill co-authored a letter to "The Spectator" with five other newly elected Conservative MPs, criticising the "decadent" nature of British society. In the 2005 Conservative Party leadership election, Goodwill supported Liam Fox's candidacy, declaring his support on 14 October 2005.
After spending 18 months as a member of the Transport Select committee, he was appointed an Opposition Whip by David Cameron in 2006 and promoted to the post of Shadow Roads Minister in the Transport team in 2007. He was re-elected with an increased majority of 8,130 at the 2010 general election and appointed to the Government as a Whip with responsibility for Treasury and DEFRA business. Goodwill is secretary of the All Party Parliamentary Flag Group.
In the October 2013 ministerial reshuffle he became Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Transport, replacing Norman Baker. Goodwill was given responsibility for aviation policy Goodwill had previously established himself as a strong opponent of a third runway at Heathrow, inviting Greenpeace members to plant a tree in his constituency as a gesture of "solidarity" with opponents of Heathrow expansion. Goodwill was re-appointed to his position as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Transport following the 2015 general election and the election of a Conservative majority government. He was the minister responsible for cycling, aviation, road safety, walking and High Speed 2. He was promoted to Minister of State at the Department of Transport in December 2015.
In January 2016, the Labour Party unsuccessfully proposed an amendment in Parliament that would have required private landlords to make their homes "fit for human habitation". According to Parliament's register of interests, Goodwill was one of 72 Conservative MPs who voted against the amendment who personally derived an income from renting out property. The Conservative Government had responded to the amendment that they believed homes should be fit for human habitation but did not want to pass the new law that would explicitly require it.
In the 2016 European Union membership referendum, in which the UK voted to 'Leave' the EU by 52% to 48%, Goodwill supported a 'Remain' vote despite stating on his own website he was a "staunch Eurosceptic".
In the Conservative Party leadership election following David Cameron's resignation as Prime Minister, Goodwill supported Liam Fox's candidacy, acting as his proposer (Fox was eliminated in the first round of voting). The eventual winner, Theresa May, moved Goodwill to the Home Office, where he assumed the role of Minister of State for Immigration. In the cabinet reshuffle following the 2017 general election, Goodwin was appointed as education minister (Goodwill was succeeded by Policing Minister Brandon Lewis).
Goodwill was sacked from the post of Children's minister on 9 January 2018.
Goodwill joined the Environmental Audit Select Committee on 22 January 2018, and the Northern Ireland Affairs Select Committee on 5 March 2018. He remained on these two committees until he, he rejoined the government in March 2019 when he became Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries & Food, replacing George Eustice who had resigned over Brexit.
On 25 July 2019, Goodwill was dismissed from his role as Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries & Food by new elected Prime Minister Boris Johnson and replaced by George Eustice.
In the 2019 United Kingdom general election, Goodwill was reelected with a majority of 10,270.
Expenses.
In 2000 whilst working as a Conservative MEP, Goodwill highlighted the generous allowances given to MEPs which sparked controversy when he was quoted as saying "I fly from Leeds/Bradford to Brussels and we get a set fee of around £500, but if I buy a cheaper ticket, economy class for about £160 and £250, I can pocket the difference and, as a capitalist, also as a British Conservative, I see it as a challenge to buy cheap tickets and make some profit on the system".
Labour called this proof that sleaze was "alive and well" within the Conservative party whilst the Conservative Party itself condemned his actions saying "the party does not endorse the fiddling of expenses or the impression given that the system should be made available for personal profit". Goodwill later donated £2,000 to local charities following feedback from constituents.
In 2013, following on from a review of capital gains made by MPs from their tax-payer funded second homes, the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority ordered Goodwill to repay £4,963.39.
Personal life.
He married Maureen Short in November 1987 in North Yorkshire and they have two sons (born May 1989 and June 1991) and a daughter (born May 1994). He employs his wife as a part-time caseworker on a salary just under £30,000.
He was once the chairman of the cereals and livestock committee of the North Yorkshire National Farmers Union 1986–8. He takes a keen interest in steam engines and owns several; he once brought an engine back from the former Czechoslovakia to restore it. He stepped in to save the Scarborough Pleasure Ship, "Coronia", in January 2011 so that the historic, Dunkirk-veteran vessel can continue to be based in the harbour there. He speaks French, German and some Russian.


Pinzgauer cattle

The Pinzgauer is a breed of domestic cattle from the Pinzgau region of the federal state of Salzburg in Austria. It has distinctive colouring, with chestnut-brown sides and white back and underside. It was in the past a triple-purpose breed, raised for meat, milk and draught use. There is a naturally polled sub-type, the Jochberg Hummel. In 2007 the breed was not considered by the FAO to be at risk.
History.
According to genetic and morphological studies, the Pinzgauer cattle breed is most closely related to North German lowland breeds.
The Pinzgauer was first referred to as a breed in 1846, and prior to this called "Pinzgauer Fasel" or "Pinzgauer Schlag". In the 19th century, they were bred into strong stock for work on farms, at breweries, and in sugar-beet areas. In its heyday, the Pinzgauer became the most popular cattle breed in Austria-Hungary, subsequently expanding through Eastern Europe. The Bavarian Pinzgauer Cattle Breeding Association was founded in 1896. By December 1890, the Pinzgauer population had grown to 101,880 in Bavaria, but it eventually collapsed as a result of industrialization after World War I. Demand for the cattle decreased, and the breed was replaced by better milk-producing breeds such as Fleckvieh cattle. By 1930, Bavaria had only 85,000 Pingzauer cattle.
A naturally polled type, the Jochberger Hummel, was considered a separate breed until 1997, when it was merged into the Pinzgauer herd book. These cattle descend from a single, almost totally white calf that was born in 1834 in Tyrol. They were considered crippled and useless because they could not put on a yoke. Now Pinzgauer are not yoked, and the hornless breed is well adapted to modern husbandry. There are now fewer than 50 hornless Pinzgauer cattle in the world, so the type is endangered. Since 1988, there have only been two hornless bulls at the insemination station near Salzburg.
Characteristics.
The animals are auburn in colour. A luscious chestnut-colour is the breeding target. Black animals have occurred, but rarely, and were once seen as a curse. After 1900, black bulls were removed from the breeding system, and the black colour vanished. All Pinzgauers have the typical finched pattern in common: a broad white stripe lengthwise along the whole back. The abdomen, chest, udder, and tail are white as well.
The weight of cows ranges from , and cows average in height. Bull weight ranges from , and bull height is on average.
Population and performance.
The Pinzgauer breed is considered endangered, and the population decreases about 10% per year. In 2001 there were 36,000 animals in Germany, and worldwide there were around 1.3 million. In Austria in 1995 there were 53,874 animals, 9,883 of which were registered in stud books.
Two conflicting tendencies caused the current rarity of purebred, high-performance animals. The Pinzgauer is mainly bred as a beef suckler cow, so there is no selection on milk performance. However, there are utility crossings with local or distinct beef breeds, too. In Austria itself, since 1969, Red Holstein have been crossed into Pinzgauer to increase the milk performance. The aim is to achieve 6,000 kg milk with 4% milk fat content and 3.5% protein. The average milk performance in Austria is 5,356 kg milk with 3.89% milk fat and 3.28% protein (2005).
Further reading.
H.H. Sambraus: Gefährdete Nutztierrassen, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1994, (German Language)


Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya

Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), also Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, is a public university in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India specializing in the field of agriculture. It is recognized and accredited by University Grants Commission (UGC) and Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
Faculties.
The university is mainly in two faculties:


Gelato Italia

Gelato Italia is a British company producing high-end Italian frozen desserts. Their factory is based in Southend-on-Sea, Essex. Gelato Italia operate nationally in the UK with ice cream vans, kiosks and parlours;
Founded in 2011, the company started producing gelato.
Products.
Gelato Italia produces over thirty different flavours of gelato, made of milk, water and a little cream only.
Gelato Italia produces gelato, ice cream, sorbet, granita slush ice, and frozen yogurt.
The company sells nationally to wholesalers, restaurants, grocery stores and ice cream parlours.


John Joseph Mechi

Alderman John Joseph Mechi (1802–1880) was a silversmith, banker, inventor and Alderman of the City of London. He experimented with new farming methods on his estate at Tiptree in Essex.
Mechi was born in London 22 May 1802, the third son of Giacomo Mechi, a citizen of Bologna, who had settled in England early in life, was naturalised, and obtained a post at Kensington Palace in the household of George III. His mother was Elizabeth, daughter of J. Beyer of Poland Street, London. John at the age of sixteen was placed as a clerk in a house in Walbrook, trading with Newfoundland, a job he had for ten years. In 1828 he set up on his own account as a cutler in a small workshop at 130 Leadenhall Street, from where he removed to No. 4 in the same street in 1830. Between 1830 and 1840 he made his fortune through the 'magic razor strop' which bears his name After the Crimean war and a fashion for beards, sales declined. On 10 November 1840 he took out a patent for 'improvements in apparatus to be applied to lamps in order to carry off heat and the products of consumption'. This was for the external shop-window lamps. From 1859 to 1869 he was in partnership with Charles Bazan, and then gave up his city business and moved to 112, Regent Street.
In 1841, after studying English farming, he became interested in improvements in agriculture, and accordingly purchased a farm of about 130 acres, including Tiptree Hall, at Tiptree Heath, one of the least productive districts in Essex. Here he tried deep drainage and the application of steam power, and made the farm profitable. The press acknowledged the services he had rendered to agricultural science by the introduction of modern processes into his model farm. He was appointed to the shrievalty of London in 1856, and in 1858 elected an alderman of the city. He was a member of the council of the Society of Arts, and was a juror in the department of art and science at The Great Exhibition of 1851 and at the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1855. His 1857 publication, "How to Farm Profitably", had in various forms a circulation of ten thousand copies.
The failure of the Unity Joint Stock Bank in 1866, of which he was a governor, and an unfortunate connection with the Unity Fire and General Life Assurance Office, caused him such heavy losses that, instead of becoming Lord Mayor of London, he was in August 1866 obliged to resign his aldermanic gown. Many bad seasons followed at Tiptree farm, particularly that of 1879, and at last, worn out with diabetes and broken-hearted, his affairs were put in liquidation on 14 December 1880. He died at Tiptree Hall on 26 December 1880, and was buried in Tiptree Church on 1 January 1881. He was married twice; firstly, in 1823, to Fanny Frost, and secondly, in 1846, Charlotte, daughter of Francis Ward of Chillesford, Suffolk. A subscription was made for his widow and daughters.


William McNamara (horticulturist)

William A. McNamara is an American horticulturist and expert in the field of plant conservation and the flora of Asia. Now retired, he was the President and Executive Director of Quarryhill Botanical Garden, a 25-acre wild woodland garden in Northern California's Sonoma Valley featuring wild-sourced plants from temperate East Asia. In 2017, he and Quarryhill Botanical Garden celebrated their 30th Anniversary. He retired from the Garden in October of 2019.
Early life and education.
McNamara was born in 1950 in Logansport, Indiana, moved to Palo Alto, California when he was 11, and graduated from Palo Alto High School. During college, he worked at various nurseries in the San Francisco Bay Area and became a California Certified Nurseryman in 1973. After graduating in 1975 from the University of California, Berkeley with a degree in English, he traveled around the world visiting gardens and remote areas. In 1980, he settled in Sonoma, California where he started Con Mara Gardens, a landscape contracting business. McNamara received a Master of Arts in Conservation Biology from Sonoma State University in 2005. He holds a third degree black belt in Aikido and received a Mokuroku Certificate in Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto Ryu in 1997.
Career.
McNamara has been a Field Associate of the Botany Department at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco since 2000. McNamara shares his horticultural knowledge through presentations throughout the country and abroad, and he has been on the Garden Club of America's speakers list for conservation and horticulture since 2010.
He is considered a modern-day plant hunter. In the company of horticulturists from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Windsor Great Park, the Howick Arboretum, and others, McNamara has botanized extensively in the wilds of temperate East Asia. From 1987 to 2019, he participated in annual plant collecting expeditions to China, Japan, India, Nepal, Vietnam and Myanmar in search of plants for research, conservation, and stemming biodiversity loss.
Awards and honors.
Named Honorary Member of The Garden Club of America, 2018
The Veitch Memorial Medal from England's Royal Horticultural Society, 2017
Liberty Hyde Bailey Award the American Horticultural Society, 2017
Arthur Hoyt Scott Medal, Scott Arboretum, 2010
National Garden Clubs Inc. Award of Excellence, 2013
California Horticultural Society Annual Award, 2012
The Garden Club of America’s Eloise Payne Luquer Meda,l 2009
Field Associate of the Department of Botany, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, 2000
Honorary Consultant of National Plateau Research Center of China, 2010
Honorary Researcher of the Scientific Information Center of Resources and Environment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2001


A. R. Manu

Abdul Rahman Manu (died 29 March 1957) was an Indo-Fijian businessman politician. He served as a nominated member of the Legislative Council from 1956 until his death in 1957.
Biography.
Born in Fiji, Manu owned a business and sugar cane farm in Lautoka District.
He was one of the founding members and president of the Maunatul Islam Association, an organisation representing Muslims who originally came to Fiji as indentured labourers from Kerala in South India. He was also an active member of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in Lautoka.
Following the 1956 elections, he was nominated as one of the Indo-Fijian members of the Legislative Council. Following his death the following year, A. H. Sahu Khan was nominated as his replacement.


George Halada Farmstead

The George Halada Farmstead is located in Ellisville, Wisconsin.
History.
George Halada was an immigrant from Bohemia. He would eventually acquire this property and operate it as a dairy farm. It remains in the family. The farm was added to the State Register of Historic Places in 1992 and to the National Register of Historic Places the following year.


Les Hart (politician)

Leslie Rupert Hart (28 December 1909 – 7 January 2002) was a politician in South Australia.
He was the elder son of Edith R. Hart (née Lashmar) and Rupert Rufus Hart, sheep breeder of "Glen Devon", Two Wells. He studied woolclassing at the School of Mines. and with a brother went into partnership with their father as R. R. Hart and Sons, who like fellow parliamentarian Maynard Boyd Dawkins, were successful breeders of Dorset Horn sheep.
He was elected a Liberal candidate to a Midland district seat in the Legislative Council in October 1962 and resigned in March 1973.
Personal.
Hart married Lily Edith Poole of Torrensville on 11 October 1941. They had a son, Malcolm, in 1942. This was followed by a daughter Rosemary, and finally another son, Robert.


Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp

Axel Alarik Pehrsson-Bramstorp (born Axel Alarik Pehrsson; 19 August 1883 – 19 February 1954) was a Swedish politician and was Prime Minister of Sweden for a few months during 1936. As a parliamentarian he was known as Axel Pehrsson in Bramstorp, or just Bramstorp for short. In 1937 he officially added the name of his farm to his family name.
Early life.
Axel Pehrsson was a member of a farming family in Öja (now in Ystad Municipality) in Skåne. His father's death made it impossible for him to continue his schooling. After the age of 14, he later completed some adult education courses in a "folkhögskola" (the equivalent of community college). His parents' farm was of considerable size. At the time of his marriage he bought Bramstorp farm in the same parish and later took over the parental farm and bought several others as well.
Political career.
Pehrsson was active in local and regional politics, and in 1918 became a Member of the Second Chamber of the Riksdag, representing the Liberal Party, but he was not re-elected in 1921. He switched to the Agrarian Party "Bondeförbundet" (the "Farmers' League") and was elected a Member of the Second Chamber in 1929, where he served until 1949. He was chairman of the party from 1934 to 1949.
After the Social Democratic cabinet of Per Albin Hansson was overthrown by a parliamentary majority in spring 1936, Pehrsson got the mandate of King Gustaf V to form a non-socialist coalition government. This turned out to be impossible and Pehrsson briefly headed a one-party cabinet as prime minister from 19 June to 28 September 1936. Since this cabinet was only in office during the summer it was called "The Holiday Government". He appointed himself Minister of Agriculture; after the elections to the Second Chamber in September he resigned as Prime Minister but remained as Minister of Agriculture in the new Hansson cabinet, which was a coalition of Social Democrats and the Agrarian Party. He continued in the same cabinet position in the national coalition cabinet which was formed under Hansson's prime ministership at the outbreak of World War II in 1939 and sat until the end of the war in 1945.
Later activities.
After the resignation of the war-time coalition cabinet, Pehrsson-Bramstorp held various important positions in agricultural organisations, while remaining chairman of his party and a member of parliament, until illness forced him to retire in 1949. He was awarded a knighthood of the Order of the Seraphim the same year, and lived the rest of his life on his farm.


Aleksandrouli

Aleksandrouli () is a Georgian red grape variety.
History.
The grape is reputed to be one of the oldest and greatest of the Georgian varieties, but is also reported by the "Geilweilerhof" database as a selected seedling of Muscat of Alexandria. This may reflect two varieties, the Alexandrouli wine grape and the table grape Alexandriuli Muscat.
Distribution and wines.
Used in Georgia to produce a semi-sweet red wine known as Khvanchkara or as a medium bodied, semi-dry, chewy blend (with Mujuretuli) having good acids and claimed to have aroma flavours reminiscent of pomegranates.
Vine and viticulture.
The grape seems to prefer the wetter western half of Georgia.
Synonyms.
Alexandrouli is also known under the synonyms Aleksandroouly, Aleksandrouli, Aleksandrouli Shavi, Alexandreouli, Alexandroouli, Alexandrouli, Kabistona, and Kabistoni.


Rural King

Rural King Supply is a farm supply store based in Mattoon, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1960, it now has 125 stores in the U.S. states of Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Michigan, Missouri, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, and Alabama. The company also operates an online store, as well as offering an online gun store.
History.
On June 5, 1960, Kermit Speer and Keith Beaird founded Rural King Supply in Mattoon. The original store was started in a former implement building of 7,200 square feet.
The company started with two employees, besides the owners. In 1963, an addition to the main building was added. In 1966, a warehouse was built, and in 1970, a second addition was added to the store.
A new building was finished and opened in September 1976. In 1999, a new store, warehouse and corporate office consisting of 210,000 square feet was opened across the highway from the old store. The old store and warehouse were donated to the Catholic Charities.
In 2003, a 94,000-square-foot addition was added to the warehouse. In 2007, another 96,000 square feet were added to the warehouse. In 2010, a third warehouse expansion was started that will add 104,000 square feet.
In 1962, Speer and Beaird opened another store in Paris, Illinois, in an old packing house with eight rooms. In 1970, land was purchased across from the Edgar County Fairgrounds and the new Paris Rural King was constructed. In 2001, that building was torn down and the current 55,000-square-foot Paris Rural King was built. Paris was Kermit and Pat Speer's home for 15 years.
The Vandalia, Illinois, Rural King was opened in 1966 in an old building on U.S. Highway 40 East. A new Rural King was built in November 1973 on Van Tran Avenue, which has been renamed Veterans Avenue. An addition to that building was completed in 1983.
In 1979, Gary Melvin, nephew of Kermit Speer, purchased an interest in Rural King. Gary began his career working in the store, learning the products and serving customers.
Bruce Speer, nephew of Kermit Speer, purchased an interest in Rural King in 1982, with the opening of the Litchfield, Ill., store. Bruce began his career as the manager of the Litchfield store. In 1985, he and his family moved to Terre Haute, Ind., where he opened and managed that store for five years. In 1990, Bruce moved to the Mattoon corporate office to help with purchasing and expansion of the Rural King stores.
In December 2015 Rural King announced they had reached, for the first time, $1 Billion in total sales.
In 2017, Rural King purchased the Cross County Mall in Mattoon, Illinois. In July 2018, Rural King finalized their plans for the mall and decided to move the Mattoon Rural King store location into the former Sears space to drive more traffic to the mall and other businesses in the area. The location opened January 16th, 2019. The current facility, located at 4216 Dewitt Avenue, will continue to serve as a distribution center, and the headquarters will be expanded into the current Rural King store space.
Products.
Rural King sells work clothing and work boots, equine and pet supplies, live chicks and rabbits, hunting equipment and supplies, firearms and ammunition, tractor/trailer parts and accessories, lawn and garden supplies, sprinkler/irrigation parts, power tools, fencing, welding and pump supplies, riding mowers, agricultural chemicals and many other farm and home supplies. Rural King also sells toys, especially around the holidays. One of Rural King's notable sales tactics is offering free coffee and popcorn to customers inside their stores.


Gwenllian Pyrs

Gwenllian Pyrs (born 28 November 1997) is a Welsh rugby union player who plays either tighthead or loosehead prop for the Wales women's national rugby union team and Sale Sharks Women of Premier 15s. She made her debut for the Wales rugby union team in 2017 and has played in 15 matches for the national side. Prys has played for Scarlets, RGC Women, Caernarfon RFC and Firwood Waterloo at the club level. She works as a farmer, sheepdog breeder and trainer as well as a rugby hub officer for the Welsh Rugby Union while continuing her rugby career.
Biography.
Prys' birth was on 28 November 1997 in Bangor, Gwynedd, North Wales. She grew up in the Welsh-speaking community of Ysbyty Ifan in the River Conwy area in North West Snowdonia with nine other siblings. Prys is the daughter of the farmer and publican Eryl, who in 1980, was a founder member of Nant Conwy RFC. Prys was educated at Ysgol Dyffryn Conwy and Ysgol Ysbyty Ifan. She has also taken part in sheepdog trials as a trainer from April to October, and trains and breeds sheepdogs. , her Welsh Rugby Union (WRU) biography lists her height as and her weight at . Prys plays as either a tighthead or loosehead prop and lists her female role model as Dyddgu Hywel. She works as a farmer as well as a rugby hub officer for the WRU and Urdd Chwaraeon at multiple schools in the Conwy Valley area while continuing her rugby career by commuting long hours three times a week to travel from Blaenau Ffestiniog to the National Centre of Excellence in Cardiff, South Wales for training. Prys is fluent in English and Welsh.
Whilst Prys played rugby union with her siblings on the family farm, she only began to take up the sport seriously when Nant Conwy formed an under-18s team in 2014. She worked as an apprentice for the Welsh Rugby Union and Urdd. Prys made her international debut for the Wales women's rugby union team, coming on as a second-half replacement in the national side's first round 2017 Women's Six Nations Championship match against Italy, which Wales won 20–8. Prys was named to the Wales side for the 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup. In late January 2019, she sustained soft tissue damage and a cut on her head in an road accident at approximately while travelling with teammate Bethan Davies to Cardiff to train, ruling her out for the whole of the 2019 Women's Six Nations Championship. Prys recovered enough to play in the November 2019 international matches against Ireland in Dublin and was omnipresent in the Wales national team for the remainder of the year and the 2020 Women's Six Nations Championship. Overall, Prys has played 15 times for Wales.
At the club level, she has played for Scarlets, RGC 1404, Caernarfon RFC and Firwood Waterloo of the English Premier 15s. Prys was part of the RGC Women team who finished runner-up in the 2018 Regional Championship. In late July 2020, she signed for Sale Sharks Women also of Premier 15s to expand their roster with experience in the team's front row.


Chen Wen-yu

Chen Wen-yu (; 20 November 1925 – 7 December 2012) was a Taiwanese botanist, horticulturist and an inventor in agriculture science. He bred new strains and varieties of plants, including fruits, flowers, and vegetables over his 70-year-long career. At the time of his death, one fourth of the watermelon seeds in the world were supplied by Chen. He developed over 280 varieties of new watermelon species including seedless watermelons, yellow skinned watermelons with red meat (called “Diana”), and baby watermelons. He became known as the “Watermelon King” because of his extensive work with watermelons. He established Known-You Seed Cooperation at 1968, also as director of Known-You Social Welfare Foundation since 1991.
Early life.
Born when Taiwan was under Japanese rule and raised in a rural village in Tainan's Yongkang District which is in southern Taiwan, Chen realized the hardships farmers experienced in his childhood. When he was 14, he decided that he would study agricultural technology to help improve farmers’ lives. After he graduated from an agricultural school, he worked with Dr. Tsuneo Eguchi (江口庸雄) in FengShan Tropical Horticultural Experiment Branch of the Agricultural Research Institute, a department of the Council of Agriculture (COA) in Kaohsiung. During these time, He was inspired by Luther Burbank and Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, who are pioneers in agricultural science. Two year later, he served in Japanese Army during the end of World War II. After war, he came back to FengShan Tropical Horticultural Experiment Branch again, doing plant breeding research. Recalling memories of his father's poor crops and the seeds they came from, Chen was devoted into the research and development of seeds better suited to Taiwan's climate and soil. This in turn led him to study cross-pollination techniques. With funding from the US Agency for International Development, he pursued advanced studies in horticulture at Chiba University in Japan. He later returned to Taiwan and founded the Kaohsiung-based Known-You Seed Co with his friends in 1968. The name “Known-You” can be transliterated as “friends of farmers” in Taiwanese.
Work.
Chen's company focuses on developing new varieties of watermelon seeds, but has also created around 1,100 new vegetable and fruit varieties, with 600 of them going into mass production. So far over 90 percent of watermelon seeds sold to farmers in Taiwan are created by Chen. Due to the species improvement he has made, watermelons are cultivated on the island in the four seasons and in various kinds of soils.
Meanwhile, the US seed-testing organization All-America Selections, which is the oldest, most established international testing organization to promote new seed varieties in North America, rewarded a total seven awards for watermelons, four of which were from Known-You.
The company has a seedling farm in the US and branch offices in China, India and several Southeast Asian countries such as Singapore and Thailand. Inspired by Chen Wen-yu's mentor, Dr. Tsuneo Eguchi who mentioned about helping farmers in southeastern Asia, Chen funded the establishment of a hospital ( Known-You Seed Farmers’ Hospital) in Myanmar to provide free medical services for farmers there in 2001 and also set up a foundation to help improve local farmers’ welfare.
Seedless watermelon.
Chen Wen-yu was particularly interested in the theory of seedless watermelons proposed by the Japanese researcher Hitoshi Kihara in 1951, according to which crossing a female tetraploid plant (itself the product of genetic manipulation) with diploid pollen creates a triploid plant that is sterile, but can produce seedless fruit if pollenized by a diploid plant. Sound as the theory was, in practice none of the seed companies in Japan could successfully cultivate the seedless variety on a commercial scale. After incessant experimentation, in 1962 Chen succeeded in the first seedless watermelon in the world. The subsequent boom for Taiwan's seedless watermelons generated an annual export value of more than NT$100 million, and led to a new era of hybridity and crossbreeding in fruit and vegetables.
Hobbies.
Chen Wen-yu started "Known-Yu News" in order to encourage his colleagues to enjoy writing and painting. By using a pen-name "A-Ying", Chen has written a column called as "A-Ying's Drawing and Saying (阿英的畫話)" over 30 years. Two books has been published by selecting the popular articles in his column.


Sovana DOC

Sovana is a denominazione di origine controllata red or rosé wine from the south of Tuscany, in Italy. The DOC is named after the ancient Etruscan settlement of Sovana. Sovana received DOC status in 1999, along with its neighbor, the DOC Capalbio. Sovana encompasses roughly the same areas that produce the white wine Bianco di Pitigliano, and encompasses the towns of Pitigliano, Sorano, Manciano and borders the DOC Morellino di Scansano in the north, and the region of Lazio in the south.
Under the DOC regulations, Sovana can be made in rosso or rosato styles. Sovana rosso must be at least 50% sangiovese, plus up to 50% other local non aromatic red grapes. One of these local grapes used for the Sovana blend is Ciliegiolo. Sovana rosso is for the most part a light wine, although there are reserva wines that receive extended maturation. Sovana also allows monovarietal DOC wines, made from the grapes of Aleatico, Sangiovese, Cabernet Sauvignon or Merlot. These wines must contain at least 85% of the varietal in order to allow it to be stated on the bottle #e.g., Sovana Merlot DOC#. Up to 15% of other authorized grapes may be used in the blend.


Moroak

Moroak Station is a pastoral lease that operates as a cattle station in Northern Territory, Australia.
The property is situated approximately east of Mataranka and north east of Larrimah. The Roper River flows through the property and acts as the southern boundary of Moroak and the northern boundary of Elsey Station. Moroak is bounded to the north by Mountain Valley Station, to the west by Goondooloo and to the east by Flying Fox Station.
The traditional owners of the area are the Mangarrayi peoples. Some of the Mangarrayi work as rangers along the river.
Alfred Thick owned the property in 1949
In 2013 Moroak was run in conjunction with Goondooloo and together the leases occupy an area of , the lands were stocked with 25,000 head of Brahman cattle. The property is run by Tony Davis, who also owned Limbunya Station, who acquired it in 2004 for 10 million. Between 2004 and 2014 Davis had built 40 additional dams, had the property completely fenced and made improvements to the homestead.


Dogar

The Dogar is a community historically found in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan. They were nomadic livestock herders who became owners of land in the relatively arid central area where cultivation required vigorous work. Unable to adapt, they eventually lost their position with the rise of more industrious agriculturist communities, notably the Jats.
In the late 17th century, the Dogars in the faujdari of Lakhi Jangal, in Multan, were among the tribes that challenged the authority of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb.
The Dogar are disparagingly referred to in Waris Shah's well-known story, "Heer Ranjha".


International Fertilizer Industry Association

The International Fertilizer Association (IFA) promotes the efficient and responsible production,distribution and use of plant nutrients to enable sustainable agricultural systems. IFA a membership consists of more than 400 entities from producers through traders and distributors, as well as service providers, research organizations, tech startups and non-governmental organizations.
IFA was founded in 1927 in London as the International Superphosphate Manufacturers Association.
International consultation.
IFA has consultative status with various agencies of the United Nations (UN), including:
The Association also cooperates actively with:


Hail Haor Wildlife Sanctuary

Hail Haor Wildlife Sanctuary () is a major wildlife sanctuary in Bangladesh. It is one of the most important wetlands in the Sylhet Basin for the resident and migratory waterfowls. It is also important watersource for the inhabitants living around when all other sources dry up during summer. The sanctuary is located in Moulvibazar District, in the northeast region of the country.
Description.
The sanctuary is located mainly between the hills on the south, west and east side and Manu and Kushiara river plains on the north. The hills are covered with tea gardens and natural forest blocks. The water of the wetland extends to cover approximately during the monsoon and shrinks to during the summer season. It is restricted to 130 beels and narrow canals. There are about 172000 people living in 62 villages around the wetland.
The receding water after monsoon exposes the land which is converted to rice fields by local people. The Bangladesh Government and the United States Agency for International Development implemented a project called 'Management of Aquatic ecosystems through Community Husbandry' from 1998 to 2008. This project involved local groups in wetland conservation, restoration and management.
Location.
It is located north-west of Srimangal () and south west of Moulavibazar.
Climate.
The area has a tropical monsoon climate with a mean annual precipitation of , most of which falls from June to September. The temperatures in the Srimangal area are normally between in winter and in summer.
Administration.
The Forest Department has set up a centre for protection of waterfowls from hunting and poaching.
Biodiversity.
The flora and fauna are mainly associated with wetland adaptations.
Flora.
Much of the lake area is overgrown with Indian lotus ("Nelumbo nucifera") and water hyacinth ("Pontederia crassipes"). The majority of hydrphytes are "Typha elephantina", "Trapa bispinosa", "Hygrorhiza aristata", and species of "Utricularia", "Ceratophyllum", "Vallisneria", "Hydrilla", "Najas", "Potamogeton", "Nymphoides", "Pistia", "Lemna" and "Azolla". The trees and shrubs growing in adjacent area include "Bambusa" spp., "Musa" spp., "Mangifera indica", "Erythrina" spp. and "Crataeva nurvula".
Fauna.
There are large variety of waterfowls found in the sanctuary. The waterfowls up to a population of 40,000 to 50,000 are seen during the winter. The water fowls manly observed are lesser whistling duck ("Dendrocygna javanica"), fulvous whistling duck ("D. bicolor"), cotton pygmy goose ("Nettapus coromandelianus"), garganey ("Anas querquedula"), northern pintail ("A. acuta"), northern shoveler ("A. clypeata"), common teal ("A. crecca") common pochard, ("Aythya nyroca"), tufted duck ("A. fuligula"), gadwall ("Anas strepera"), spotbill duck ("A. poecilorhyncha"), bar-headed goose ("Anser indicus"), greylag goose ("Anser anser"), ruddy shelduck ("Tadorna ferruginea"), comb duck ("Sarkidiornis melanotos"), teal ("Anas falcata"), mallard ("A. platyrhynchos"), red-crested pochard ("Netta rufina"), common pochard ("Aythya ferina"), Baer's pochard ("A. baeri"), grebe ("Tachybaptus ruficollis"), little cormorant ("Phalacrocorax niger"), Indian pond heron ("Ardeola grayii"), cattle egret ("Bubidcus ibis"), little egret ("Egretta garzetta"), intermediate egret ("E. intermedia"), great egret ("E. alba"), water cock ("Gallicrex cinerea"), moorhen ("Gallinula chloropus"), purple swamphen ("Porphyria porphyria"), common coot ("Fulica atra"), pheasant-tailed jacana ("Hydrophasianus chirurgus"), bronze-winged jacana ("Metopidius indicus"), along with Herons, kingfisher, egrets and terns. Raptors include osprey ("Pandion haliaetus"), Eurasian marsh harrier ("Circus aeruginosus") and pied harrier ("C. melanoleucos"). Threatened birds include Baer’s pochard, greater spotted eagle ("Clanga clanga") and Pallas’s fish eagle ("Haliaeetus leucoryphus").
Other wildlife occurring in the area include mainly amphibians, reptiles and turtles. The fishes include "Catla catla", "Labeo rohita", "L. calbasu", "L. gonius", "Cirrhina mrigala", "Barbus" spp., "Wallago attu", "Mystus tengra", "Mystus aor" and Oampokpabda, "Gadusia chapra", "Clupea" spp., "Notoptenis notopterus", "Clarius batrachus", "Heteropneustes fossilis", "Channa" spp., "Anabas testudineus" and "Colis afasciota". Freshwater shrimps of the genus "Macrobrachium" are common.


Brook Hollow Winery

Brook Hollow Winery is a winery in the Columbia section of Knowlton Township in Warren County, New Jersey. Brook Hollow's original vineyard was first planted in 2002, and opened to the public in 2007. In 2013, the winery moved to a new location in Columbia. Brook Hollow has 8 acres of grapes under cultivation, and produces 1,050 cases of wine per year. The winery is named for a hollow created by Yards Creek, a stream that runs through the farm's original location.
Wines.
Brook Hollow Winery is in the Warren Hills AVA, and produces wine from Cabernet Sauvignon, Cayuga White, Chambourcin, Chancellor, Chardonnay, Concord, Frontenac, Geneva Red, Merlot, Riesling, Vidal blanc, and Zinfandel grapes. Brook Hollow also makes fruit wines from cranberries. It is the only winery in New Jersey that produces wine from Geneva Red, which is a red hybrid grape developed in New York in 1947.
Licensing and associations.
Brook Hollow has a farm winery license from the New Jersey Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control, which allows it to produce up to 50,000 gallons of wine per year, operate up to 15 off-premises sales rooms, and ship up to 12 cases per year to consumers in-state or out-of-state. The winery is a member of the Garden State Wine Growers Association and its subsidiary, Vintage North Jersey.


German Wirehaired Pointer

The German Wirehaired Pointer is a medium to large-sized griffon type breed of dog developed in the 19th century in Germany for hunting. It became a leading gun dog in Germany in the later part of the 20th century. It is the result of the careful mixing and crossing of the Wirehaired Pointing Griffon, German Shorthaired Pointer, German Roughhaired Pointer, and the hunting Pudelpointer in the late 19th century.
Description.
Appearance.
The German Wirehaired pointer is a well muscled, medium to large-sized dog of distinctive appearance. Balanced in size and sturdily built, the breed's most distinguishing characteristics are its weather resistant, wire-like coat and its facial furnishings. Typically pointer in character and style, the German wirehaired pointer is an intelligent, energetic and determined hunter. The tail is typically docked to two-fifths of the natural length. In countries where docking is prohibited the tail should be of sufficient length to reach down to the hocks. Like all German pointers, they have webbed feet. This dog is sometimes confused with the Spinone Italiano.
Coat.
The functional wiry coat is the breed's most distinctive feature. A dog must have a correct coat to be of correct type. The coat is weather resistant and water-repellent. The undercoat is dense enough in winter to insulate against the cold but is so thin in summer as to be almost invisible. The distinctive outer coat is straight, harsh, wiry and flat lying, and is from one to two inches in length. The outer coat is long enough to protect against the punishment of rough cover, but not so long as to hide the outline of the dog. On the lower legs the coat is shorter and between the toes it is of softer texture. On the skull the coat is naturally short and close fitting. Over the shoulders and around the tail it is very dense and heavy. The tail is nicely coated, particularly on the underside, but devoid of feather. Eyebrows are of strong, straight hair. Beard and whiskers are medium length. The hairs in the liver patches of a liver and white dog may be shorter than the white hairs. A short smooth coat, a soft woolly coat, or an excessively long coat is to be severely penalized when showing. While maintaining a harsh, wiry texture, the puppy coat may be shorter than that of an adult coat. The coat of the puppy should be shorter than 1 inch the adult coat should be kept at 1 inch long.
Gait.
The dog should be evaluated at a moderate gait. The movement is free and smooth with good reach in the forequarters and good driving power in the hindquarters. The topline should remain firm.
Temperament.
The German Wirehaired pointer is affectionate, lively, very determined, active and intelligent. Eager to learn and loyal to its family, it needs a handler who is consistent in approach. They like to be occupied, are vigorous and enjoy working for their owners. They are friendly with those they know, but are sometimes aloof with strangers and should be socialized at an early age. They often don't do well in a kennel environment. German Wirehaired pointers are happiest and most well behaved when they are part of the family and can spend time with their people. They can be rather willful. Some dogs have a tendency to roam. Powerful and energetic, they can become bored and hard to manage without enough exercise. The German Wirehaired pointer is a good all-around gun dog, able to hunt any sort of game on any sort of terrain. This dog has a good nose and can track, point, and retrieve on both land and water. Loyal and playful, the German Wirehaired Pointer thrives on human companionship. However, they are still dogs, and all dogs may bite small children without adequate management and supervision. Although they are generally accepting of other dogs, they tend to focus upon the people in their family.
Color.
The Colors are: Liver (brown) and white or black and white ticked usually with some solid patches, and solid liver (brown) with or without a white chest patch.
History.
German Wirehaired pointers trace their origins back to 1880. They originated in Germany, where was a leading breeder, wanting to create a versatile hunting dog that would work closely with either one person or a small party of persons hunting on foot in varied terrain; from the mountainous regions of the Alps, to dense forests, to more open areas with farms and small towns. The breed the Germans desired had to have a coat that would protect the dogs when working in heavy cover or in cold water, yet be easy to maintain. Careful crosses of the German pointer with many other breeds. Sources differ on the exact lineage, though the Wirehaired Pointing Griffon, Pudelpointer, Stichelhaar, and Deutscher-Kurzhaar are commonly accepted as the most likely contributors. This is a dog that can fully respond to the needs of its hunter. The goal was to develop a wire-coated, medium-sized dog that could:
All "drahts" must meet rigorous hunt and physical evaluations before being eligible for breeding. In addition to searching and pointing, these tests include the tracking and recovery of all game including wounded game such as fox, rabbit, deer and boar, which may not be required of a dog that hunts birds predominantly.
For upland (i.e. non-waterfowl) bird work, many GWPs have distinguished themselves with all-breed Field Championships and Master Hunter titles. When purchasing a working GWP, attention needs to be paid to identifying breeders that place emphasis on all aspects of the versatile hunting dog. Among these breeders can be found accomplished dogs including Dual Championships (both field and show).


Marlene Mortler

Marlene Mortler (née Hengelein; born 16 October 1955) is a German politician of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) who has been a Member of the European Parliament since 2019. She was a member of the German Parliament from 2002 until 2019. She also served as Commissioner on Narcotic Drugs at the Federal Ministry of Health in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2014 until 2019.
Life and career.
Mortler attended the agricultural school in 1981, in Roth and gained a master's certificate. In 1983, she took over her parents' farm in Dehnberg with her husband and focused on the production of grain and renewable resources.
Mortler is Protestant. She was married to her husband Siegfried Mortler from 1975 until his death in June 2017. She is the mother of three children.
Political career.
In 1989, Mortler joined the CSU, and in 1996, she became a member of the Women's Union.
From 1990 Mortler belonged to the district council of the district of Nürnberger Land. From 1996 to 2004 she served as first deputy district administrator of the district.
Member of the German Parliament, 2002–2019.
In the 2002 national elections, Mortler became a member of the German Bundestag, representing the Roth district. In the Bundestag, she was a full member of the Committee on Food and Agriculture and Deputy Member of the Committee on Tourism. From 2004 to 2005, she served as the CSU group's spokesperson on agricultural and consumer protection policies. From 2005 to 2009, she was the chairwoman of the Committee on Tourism. She was also the CDU/CSU parliamentary group's spokeswoman on tourism from 2009 until 2013.
In addition to her committee assignments, Mortler was a member of the German-Maltese and German-Hungarian Parliamentary Friendship Group since February 2010.
Since June 2009, Mortler has been serving as deputy chairwoman of the CSU district association Middle Franconia, and in October 2011 she was elected as a member of the CSU Board under then chairman Horst Seehofer. In November 2011, she was appointed chairwoman of the party's working group on agriculture.
In addition to her parliamentary work, Mortler also served as Commissioner on Narcotic Drugs at the Federal Ministry of Health in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2014 until 2019; she was succeeded by Daniela Ludwig. In the negotiations to form a coalition government under the Merkel's leadership following the 2017 federal elections, she was part of the working group on municipalities and rural areas, led by Reiner Haseloff, Kurt Gribl and Michael Groschek.
Mortler was always elected as a directly elected representatives of the Roth constituency in the Bundestag. In the 2005 elections, she received 51.0% of the vote.
Member of the European Parliament, 2019–present.
In late 2018, Mortler announced that she would run for a parliamentary seat in the 2019 European elections. Since becoming a Member of the European Parliament, she has been serving on the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development. In 2020, she also joined the Committee of Inquiry on the Protection of Animals during Transport.
In addition to her committee assignments, Mortler is part of the Parliament's delegation for relations with South Africa.
Other activities.
Regulatory agencies.
∗ Bavarian Regulatory Authority for Commercial Broadcasting (BLM), Member of the Supervisory Board
Non-profit organizations.
From 1982 until 2004, Mortler served as chairwoman of the rural women in the district Nürnberger Land and belonged from 1992 to 2012 as a district of the farmer Farmers Union Central Franconia and second deputy country farmer to the Bureau of the Bavarian Farmers Association (until 1997) on. From 1997 to 2012, she was the first deputy country farmer.
Political positions.
In her role as a Commissioner on Narcotic Drugs, Mortler soon became the target of diverse criticism. Given her previous focus on agriculture, she was criticized as unqualified for the position.
The German Cancer Aid has responded with praise to Mortler's initiative to ban tobacco advertising in Germany. Her initiative failed and nothing happened in this issue until April 2015. By 2014 they wanted to "hold intensive discussions in the federal government", she said in a "Die Zeit" article. In 2018, Mortler criticized the portrayal of smoking in television and film programs that received public funds and urged the German film industry to produce fewer scenes involving cigarettes.
By early 2015, Mortler came under heavy criticism which mostly arose from social media. Under the Twitter hashtag "#Mortler" and on Facebook many concerned individuals and organizations voiced their discontent with the commissioner. A petition which called for her resignation garnered over 14,000 votes within a few days. She was criticized for incompetence, an inappropriate qualification in "rural home economics" (German: ) for the job, having a double standard (because of her promotion of alcohol consumption) and a preoccupation concerning suggestions about cannabis legalization. A main point of criticism are her justifications for the illegality of cannabis in contrast to the legality of alcohol - in interviews she stated that (translated) "in contrast to Cannabis alcohol is part of our culture" and "Because Cannabis is an illegal drug. Full stop." Due to the severe criticism, Mortler deleted her Facebook account.


Brau Holding International

Brau Holding International GmbH & Co. KGaA is a holding company for several breweries in Germany. It is the sixth largest holding company of breweries in Germany, with a total production volume of in 2014.
It was founded in 2002 with Schörghuber Unternehmensgruppe owning (50,1%) and Heineken International (49,9%).
References.
company homepage


Twente goose

The Twente goose () is a rare breed of domestic goose from the Twente region of the Netherlands.
History.
In 1900, Twente geese numbered more than 100,000; in 2011 the population was reported as 110. There are fewer than 20 breeders.
Characteristics.
The plumage may be either white or pied grey and white. Twente ganders usually weigh , and geese .


May wine

May wine, also known as Maitrank, Maiwein, Maibowle and Waldmeisterbowle, is the name of a German beverage that uses aromatized wine as a base. May wine is served in the spring, traditionally on the May Day holiday. The base is made by steeping the fragrant creeping herb sweet woodruff ("Galium odoratum", sometimes called "Asperula odorata", known in Germany as "Waldmeister") that grows in the forests of Northern Europe in a white German wine. It is the specialty of the town of Arlon, in the south of Belgium.
Ingredients.
Ingredients such as brandy, sparkling wine (or carbonated water) and sugar may also be added to the mixture to flavour the drink and create a punch – hence another common name for the beverage is "Maibowle" (May punch). Since strawberries are in season at that time of year, they are often floated in the drink.
Commercial production.
"May wine" is also produced commercially. The bottled beverage is meant to simulate the drink described above. It consists of the white-wine base infused with the woodruff herb. Individual variations might include strawberry flavoring or fermentation techniques to make it lightly sparkling. It is produced in German culture regions of the United States such as Frankenmuth, Michigan. Commercial May wine produced in Germany has been made with artificial flavoring and coloring agents since the 1980s. However, since 1981 it has been banned for commercial purposes because it contains toxic Coumarin.
Official definition.
The Council of the European Communities legally defines Maiwein thus:


Robert Davidson (Canadian politician)

Robert Greig Davidson (21 July 1875 – 3 August 1948) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Sherbrooke, Quebec and became a farmer.
Davidson attended high school in Sherbrooke and then St. Charles Borromeo College in Charlesbourg. He became a trustee of Stanstead Wesleyan College and director of the Western Townships Agricultural Association.
He was first elected to Parliament at the Stanstead riding in the 1935 general election. He was re-elected for a second term in 1940, but this was declared void in May 1943. Davidson lost the resulting by-election on 9 August 1943 to Joseph-Armand Choquette.


Tony Harman

Anthony "Tony" Shannon Harman (6 March 1912 – 8 May 1999) was an English farmer and writer who was best known for a 1986 book about his life and the history of his farm entitled "Seventy Summers". It was a number one bestseller in the United Kingdom and was made into a 1986 BBC Two television series which he presented.
Harman was born near Chesham in Buckinghamshire and he attended Harrow School and Trinity College, Cambridge where he studied agriculture. In 1931, he started farming Grove Farm near Whelpley Hill. He became a published author late in life with an article in "The Guardian". In "Seventy Summers" he advocated modern farming methods and contrasted them with the methods in place when he took over the farm which had barely changed in 150 years.
He followed up with "The Charolais Adventure 1959–1989" (1990) about the introduction of the French Charolais cattle breed and "A Thousand Years on a Chiltern Farm: The Story of Grove Farm, Chesham, Buckinghamshire" (1999). He also wrote a "Guardian" column, served as a magistrate, and was a Labour Party parliamentary candidate for Aylesbury at the 1950, 1951, 1955 general elections. He died aged 87 in 1999.


Walter Clarke Buchanan

Sir Walter Clarke Buchanan (20 June 1838 – 19 July 1924) was a New Zealand politician who became a member of the Reform Party that formed in 1909. Despite never being appointed as a minister, he was an influential politician and a strong advocate for farming interests.
Early life.
Buchanan was born in 1838 in Kilmodan, Argyllshire, Scotland. He was the son of the farmer Donald McChananich and of his wife Janet Clarke. He was baptised under McChananich, the Gaelic version of Buchanan. He attended Greenock Academy, and moved to Australia at the age of 18, where he became a farmer. Around 1863 he moved to New Zealand.
Political career.
Buchanan entered politics in 1881, representing first Wairarapa South from 1881 to 1887, and then Wairarapa from 1887 to 1899, 1902 to 1905 and 1908 to 1914. He was in Parliament for much of the next 33 years, losing three elections.
In the four general elections between 1881 and 1890, he always beat Henry Bunny, who had represented the electorate continuously since an .
He lost Wairarapa to J. T. Marryat Hornsby, the frequent Liberal Party candidate for the electorate, in 1899, won it back in 1902, lost it in 1905 and won it back in 1908. He finally lost the seat to Hornsby in 1914.
In the House, he was a staunch conservative voice, and a diehard opponent of the Liberal government of Richard Seddon.
Buchanan was knighted in 1913 and appointed to the Legislative Council in 1915, where he served until his death in 1924. Despite his long experience in politics, he was never appointed a Minister (partly because the Liberal Party was in power as from 1891 to 1914).
Death.
Buchanan died on 19 July 1924 of heart failure following a car crash. He had never married. He was buried at Clareville Cemetery, Carterton.


Cannonau


Zohar, Israel

Zohar (, "lit." Brightness) is a moshav in southern Israel. Located near the city of Kiryat Gat, it falls under the jurisdiction of Lakhish Regional Council. In it had a population of .
A large lake that serves as a reservoir lies near the town.
History.
The moshav was founded in 1956 by Jewish refugees from Algeria and Tunisia on land, that had belonged to the Arab village of al-Faluja, as part of the effort to settle Hevel Lakhish.
According to Walid Khalidi, Zohar is founded on the land belonging to the depopulated Palestinian village of Burayr.
Its name signifies the desire of the inhabitants to be quickly absorbed in what was then a remote frontier region. In later years, new immigrants from Iraq, Russia and Hungary settled there.
In the 1950s and 1960s the moshav was a target for Palestinian fedayeen who infiltrated into Israel from Gaza.


George Taylor (gardener)

George Taylor (February 12, 1803 − August 21, 1891) was a nurseryman from Scotland who emigrated to Kalamazoo, Michigan in 1855. There, he became known as George "Celery" Taylor because he introduced commercial celery growing to the United States.
Early life.
George Taylor was born in the Scottish Borders on 12 February 1803. His parents were Andrew Taylor, a shepherd, and Violet Stevenson. As a child, Taylor had to watch over the sheep, often snaring rabbits and hares illegally to sell for one shilling and sixpence each, a day's wages then. His parents were literate; though, he could already read the Bible when he started school aged seven.
Working life.
Even though he only had a few years of schooling, he was an educated man with a great love of books. He used to walk the fifty miles to Edinburgh, which took him fourteen hours, to spend his money on books rather than pay the coach fare.
He learned his trade as a market gardener and in 1846 became manager of a plant nursery in Kelso. He worked there successfully for nine years.
Religion and temperance.
He was a deeply religious man at a time when there was much upheaval in the Church of Scotland. He followed Thomas Chalmers at the time of the Disruption of 1843 to form the Free Church of Scotland. After seeing families destroyed by drink, he became involved in the Temperance movement which was growing in Britain at that time. He became vice-president of the Temperance Society in Kelso. His faith also made him speak up against slavery.
United States.
In 1855, aged 53, he took his family to the United States and settled in Kalamazoo, Michigan, where his brothers were already living. There, he started a gardening business and had many plants and trees shipped from Scotland. It was there that he introduced commercial celery growing to the United States, an achievement remembered on a plaque in Kalamazoo. He gave several addresses to the Horticultural Society of Michigan on hedging and forestry, stressing the need for planting for the future.
Travel.
He was a well-travelled man who journeyed through Scotland, England, Ireland and the United States by rail. He made his first train journey in 1843 to Ayrshire then to the Trossachs where he met and travelled with Newman Hall (Christopher Newman Hall, known as the Dissenter’s Bishop, who was a notable English Nonconformist). Taylor’s first sea voyage was to the United States in 1855. In spite of the first sailing ship nearly sinking off Ireland, he returned to Scotland in 1862 and again in 1874, crossing the Atlantic five times in all. On his train travels he visited the Great Exhibition in London in 1851, the Niagara Falls, Washington and saw the ruins of Chicago a few days after the Great Fire in 1871.
Family.
George Taylor had four wives and six children. Three others died at birth. He married:
His children were Isabella, Andrew who drowned aged 19, James, Violet, George and John.
George Taylor died in Kalamazoo on 21 August 1891.


Bahia coastal forests

The Bahia coastal forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of eastern Brazil, part of the larger Atlantic Forest region.
Setting.
The Bahia coastal forests occupy a belt approximately wide along the Atlantic coast of eastern Brazil, in the states of Bahia and Espirito Santo. The Itapicuru River forms the northern boundary of the ecoregion, which extends south to near the Itapemirim River. The ecoregion is bounded on the east by the Atlantic Ocean and the enclaves of the Atlantic Coast restingas forests and Bahia mangroves. To the west, the forests transition to the drier Bahia interior forests.
The forests cover Tertiary sedimentary plateaus extending from near the seacoast westward to the lower slopes of the Serra da Mantiqueira. The prevalent soils are tropical nutrient-poor yellow-red latosol and podzols.
Climate.
The ecoregion has a tropical climate with annual rainfall ranging from 1,200 to 1,800 mm, evenly distributed throughout the year. The southern portion of the ecoregion may experience a dry period from May through September.
Flora.
The four-tiered Atlantic evergreen moist forests are the predominant vegetation type.
Fauna.
Endangered mammals in the ecoregion include the maned three-toed sloth ("Bradypus torquatus") and golden-headed lion tamarin ("Leontopithecus chrysomelas").
Conservation and threats.
Less than 5% of the original forest cover remains intact. Protected areas in the ecoregion include Sooretama Biological Reserve and Linhares Forest Reserve.


Ksalon

Ksalon () is a moshav in central Israel. Located near Beit Shemesh, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In it had a population of .
History.
The first transit camp (ma'abara) for new Jewish immigrants was set up on the lands of what became Ksalon in 1950. New immigrants from Yemen brought to Israel in Operation Magic Carpet were given farmland there, but abandoned the moshav a few years later to join members of the Yemenite community living in Rosh Ha'ayin. Their place was taken by Jewish immigrants from Morocco.
The moshav was named for the biblical city of Ksalon mentioned in , and is located on land that had belonged to the depopulated Palestinian village of Kasla.


Bagot goat

The Bagot goat is a breed of goat which for several hundred years has lived semi-wild at Blithfield Hall, Staffordshire, England.
In 2010 it was considered "critically endangered" by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust, as there were fewer than 100 registered breeding females in the United Kingdom, but by 2012 had been upgraded to "vulnerable", where it remains as of 2019, with 200-300 breeding females known.
Bagots are excellent, attentive mothers, well capable of defending their kids. They generally produce a single kid (in common with many native breeds) and seldom require intervention during the birthing process. Animals maintained domestically and maintained in higher condition than they would naturally manage, often produce twins. There have been two recorded instances of triplets, one in 1994 (Undercliff Faith, Hope and Charity) and another in 2017.
Description.
It is a small goat, with a black head and neck to the withers/girth and the remainder of the body predominantly white. It may sport a white "star", "stripe" or blaze on its face, with a narrow chin stripe sometimes extending the length of the neck to the brisket. The white areas frequently sport isolated black dots, with sometimes the black extending as a "saddle" along the back. The head is delicate with either a straight or slightly dished face, often appearing triangular when viewed from the front due to wide forehead and narrow muzzle. On females, the horns tend to be straight or slightly rearward curving from the centre of the forehead. On males the horns are wider set and form large sweeping curves over the back. Unlike domesticated breeds that have been "improved" to have a leg in each corner, they are naturally "cow-hocked", which is typical of wild goats and ibex; being an advantage on rough terrain. Their top and belly lines tend to be roughly parallel in mature animals (unlike the Swiss breed milking goats which tend to have a triangular appearance), with young (particularly bucks) often appearing triangular in reverse of the milking breeds, in other words deep chested and narrow at the waist.
There are also variants on the pure black/white patterning, believed to be the result of recessive genes including:
These markings can be identified from historic photos of Bagots at Blithfield Hall. Whilst some breeders actively attempt to breed goats more closely resembling the Valais Blackneck and actively cull animals they consider poorly marked, the Bagot Goat Society promotes the diversity of markings as critical to maintaining the genetic diversity of the species as a whole. For that reason, Bagots are not judged based on markings, but rather on conformation.
History.
Bagot goats were introduced to England at Blithfield Hall in the 1380s. They were probably brought back to England by returning Crusaders, and probably trace their ancestry to goats of the Rhone valley. The goats were said to have been given to John Bagot of Blithfield by King Richard II of England to commemorate good hunting the King had enjoyed at Blithfield.
Whilst romantic notions on the foreign origins of the Bagot were widely promoted as true, scientific research, including DNA profiling has disproved any link between the Bagot and the Valais Blacknecks, but rather identified that they originated from isolation of a population of native goats within what is now referred as the "Old English" type.
, there were said to be less than 200 registered breeding females.
By May 2018, the Rare Breed Survival Trust Watchlist reported between 200-300 registered breeding females.
Uses.
Bagot goats have no commercial purpose being too small by comparison to the Boer Goat to be viable as a meat breed; producing high quality but low volumes of milk (consistent with generally producing a single kid) by comparison to the Swiss dairy breeds, and producing too little cashmere to compete with the Angora. However, they are good for conservation grazing and have been used at RSPB reserves in Wales, Kent and Canterbury, where their browsing activity promotes diversity in the ground conditions beneficial to other wildlife.. In April 2021 4 young Bagot goats were introduced to the Avon Gorge in Bristol to help control the growth of unwanted scrub on this SSSI and as a supplement the 2 surviving Kashmiri goats originally released for the same purpose in 2011.
Flocks.
A flock is still kept by the Bagot family in the deer park of Levens Hall, Cumbria. Examples can also be seen at:
The Bagot Goat Society.
The Bagot Goat Society manages the Bagot Goat herd book on behalf of its members and owners of Bagot Goats. It holds an annual show and sale in conjunction with the "Traditional and Native Breeds Show and Sale" at Melton Mowbray Market.
Postage stamps.
An illustration of the species by Harry Titcombe featured on the cover of a 1982 book of British postage stamp, issued from vending machines, at a price of 50p. In January 2005, the breed was featured on a first-class British stamp, one of a set of ten, in a se-tenant block, designed by Rose Design using linocut illustrations by Christopher Wormell.


Ingleside Vineyards

Ingleside Vineyards is a winery located in the Northern Neck George Washington Birthplace AVA, an American Viticultural Area located in the Northern Neck region of Virginia. Ingleside claims to be one of the oldest and largest wineries in the state, established in 1980, and part of an estate of over owned by the Flemer family since 1890.
History.
The farmhouse, originally known as Washington Academy, was built in 1834, and is a two-story, five-bay, brick building with a pedimented hexastyle front portico. Flanking the two-story central block are one-story wings. The Washington Academy operated until about 1844, and the property sold in 1847.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. The vineyard also owns two nearby Register-listed houses, Wirtland and Roxbury.
Relationship with Mark Warner.
Former Virginia governor and current United States Senator Mark Warner grows of grapes for Ingleside Vineyards at his farm in King George County. Ingleside bottles a private label which Warner offers at charity auctions.
Wines.
Among the wines that Ingleside Vineyards produces are varietal and blended bottlings of Sangiovese, Petit Verdot, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Touriga Nacional.


Bill Casimaty

Bill Gabriel Casimaty (21 August 1935 – 6 July 2019) was an Australian farmer and agriculturalist.
Casimaty studied at Dookie Agricultural College and in 1957 took over management of his family's farm in Richmond, Tasmania. In 1966 he won a Nuffield Farming Scholarship, which he used to investigate turf farming in the United States. On his return, he established Strathayr Turf, which would go on to supply the Melbourne Cricket Ground, Flemington Racecourse, and Lord's, among others.
In the 2009 Australia Day Honours Casimaty was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for "service to the horticultural industry through the development and implementation of innovative turf construction and management practices and through the development of irrigation schemes, to viticulture, and to the community".


Emil Costinescu

Emil Costinescu (March 12, 1844–July 6, 1921) was a Romanian economist, businessman and politician.
Born in Iași, Costinescu was the self-taught son of an architect. He was influenced by the reformist ideals of the time in which he was growing up, as expounded by figures such as C. A. Rosetti, Cezar Bolliac and Mihail Kogălniceanu. In 1862, he was hired as proofreader at Rosetti's "Românul". He advanced to editor in 1866 and led the newspaper during the founder's exile. A member of the National Liberal Party, he was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1876, and in 1880 was a co-founder of the National Bank of Romania. In 1897, he became founding president of the General Bank of Bucharest, one of the country's largest. He opened a sawmill in Sinaia, and sat on the board of a petroleum company.
Costinescu was Finance Minister three times: July 1902-December 1904, March 1907-December 1910 and January 1914-December 1916. An economic protectionist, he supported a customs tariff in the belief that it would spur the development of domestic industry. Introduced in 1904, this measure lasted until 1924. Also, as early as 1887, he spoke in favor of an income tax. In late 1909, he introduced a bill in parliament that would have established such a tax; the proposal failed. At the end of his third term, in the midst of World War I, he was involved in the decision to send the Romanian Treasure to Russia for safekeeping. Costinescu remained in the wartime government as Minister without portfolio from December 1916 to July 1917. After the war, he took part in the Romanian delegation to the Paris Peace Conference as a financial expert.
The Black Sea resort of Costinești is named after Costinescu, who purchased a 200-hectare estate from Vasile Kogălniceanu. He found an arid, treeless landscape, inviting German colonists to settle and work the land.


Kristian Fjeld

Kristian Fjeld (16 February 1887 – 23 December 1976) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. He was Minister of Agriculture from 1945 to 1951.
Fjeld comes from Vestre Toten, Oppland, but it was as a local politician for Stange and as a member of the parliament for Hedmark that he made his contributions to Norwegian politics.
During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany he was imprisoned in Hamar on 29 August 1942, and incarcerated in Grini concentration camp from 1 September 1942 to the war's end in May 1945.


Auguste Charles Philippe Robert Landry

Auguste Charles Philippe Robert Landry (January 15, 1846 – December 20, 1919) was a Canadian parliamentarian who served as Speaker of the Senate of Canada from 1911 to 1916.
Landry was born Charles-Philippe-Auguste-Robert Landry in Quebec City, the son of Jean-Étienne Landry and Caroline-Eulalie Lelièvre, and educated at the Séminaire de Québec and at the Ste-Anne's Agricultural College where he won awards for his work in agricultural science.
He wrote a number of pamphlets and articles on the scientific theory and practice of agriculture, was himself a successful farmer, and served for a period as president of the Agricultural Society of Quebec.
Landry was married twice: to Marie-Anne-Antoinette-Wilhelmine Couture in 1868 and to Amélie Dionne, the widow of Édouard Taschereau and daughter of Élisée Dionne, a member of the Quebec legislative council, in 1908.
Landry also pursued a military career and rose to the position of Lieutenant Colonel of the 61st Regiment of Montmagny on January 9, 1885. He commanded the 10th Infantry Brigade during the Fenian Raids and was awarded a medal for his conduct. He served as aide de camp to Lord Stanley of Preston and to Lord Aberdeen, was colonel of the 61st Regiment in 1903 and was the regiment's Honorary Colonel in 1909.
He won a seat in the Quebec Legislative Assembly in 1875 but the election was overturned a year later. He served as president of the Conservative Party Association of Quebec for several years and was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1878 as a Conservative representing Montmagny, Quebec. He was re-elected in the 1882 election but was defeated in 1887.
In 1892 he was summoned to the Senate of Canada on the advice of Prime Minister John Joseph Caldwell Abbott and sat as a Conservative. He also served as Mayor of Limoilou in 1899.
After the 1911 federal election brought the Conservatives into power after a fifteen-year absence, the new prime minister, Robert Laird Borden, appointed Landry to be Speaker of the Senate.
Landry was a prolific author and editor who wrote a number of books on matters of public policy in addition to his writings on agriculture. He was particularly concerned with the rights of French Canadians living outside of Quebec, particularly Franco-Manitobans and Franco-Ontarians and their rights in regards to the Manitoba Schools Question and a similar debate on publicly funded francophone schools in Ontario.
His interests in these questions made him a controversial figure as Speaker when the Senate was considering the issue of francophone schools in Ontario in the wake of the provincial Conservative government's passage of Regulation 17 which restricted French-language instruction. Landry felt passionately about the issue and accepted a position as President of the Franco-Ontarian Association d'éducation while he was Speaker. Many of Landry's rulings were challenged on the floor of the Senate with several being put to a vote in a departure from the normal practice of accepting a Speaker's ruling as final. In the face of his diminished authority over the upper house and the fact that many of his rulings were being overturned, he absented himself from the Chair for several days which resulted in calls for the government to dismiss him if he did not resume the Chair. Upon his return, explained that he had absented himself due to the opposition by a number of government members to his rulings and the lack of support he enjoyed. Landry continued as Speaker for a further year before resigning. He remained a Senator until his death three years later in Quebec City and devoted much of his time writing and campaigning on the issue of French-language rights in Ontario.
Archives.
There is a Philippe Landry fonds at Library and Archives Canada.


Marienborg Manor

Marienborg Manor is an estate on the Danish island of Møn. The estate has a large park with public access. The main building was demolished in 1984. The estate, covering , contains the thatched tenant farm of Egeløkke. Manorial records exist from 1769, though earlier records may exist in the Møn Cavalry District records.
History.
In 1668, Frederik III gave Captain Jacob Nielsen several estates on Møn, including the Nygård farm, as a reward for his having captured a Swedish ship and brought it back to Copenhagen with its cargo and Danish prisoners of war. Nielsen apparently only kept it for a short period. Later, a manor was built there as the residence of Samuel Christoph von Plessen, who in 1685 was appointed governor of Møn. Plessen used bricks from Stege's town wall for the building. When he was relieved of his position of governor in 1697, the house was totally or partially demolished. Casper Gottlob Moltke, who was governor from 1703 to 1728, tidied up the estate and built a new manor house in 1707. In 1739-47, Count Adam Gottlob Moltke resided on the estate but handed it over to the new governor, Frederik Christian von Møsting, against a payment of 6,000 rigsdaler for the building. In 1769, von Møsting transferred the estate to the Crown in return for compensation for the building.
When the Crown sold the property in 1769, it was bought by local farmers but as they were unable to afford the full payment, Regimental Quartermaster Esaias Fleischer from Næstved, together with Magnus Bering Beringskjold, bought it instead. Shortly afterwards, Beringskjold took the property over himself, naming it Marienborg after his wife Marie Kirstine von Cappelen. Being unable to make a payment, in 1776, Beringskjold sold the estate in turn to Charles François de Bosc de la Calmette, whose son Antoine de Bosc de la Calmette, remembered for the romantic English landscape garden he laid out at Liselund on Møn, took it over after the father's death in 1781, calling the manor Calmettenborg.
On Antoine's death in 1781, his son Charles Bosc de la Calmette inherited the estate, and on his death it was sold in 1821 to the master of the royal hunt, Peter Adolph Tutein, who also bought Kostervig. In 1853-1855, he built a new building with a tower in the style of an Italian palace to a design by architect Vilhelm Theodor Walther; in 1888, the estate was bought by Hemming Moltke, who in 1893 demolished the old main building from Casper Moltke's time and built instead a new building with a tower designed by architect Axel Berg. A fire destroyed several of the estates buildings in 1908. Moltke's widow Clara Moltke left the estate in 1948 to her grandson P. C. F. G. Moltke.
Marienborg today.
Marienborg now consists of a farming and forestry estate in West Møn, specializing in pig rearing. Of a total of 1,392 ha, 370 ha are forest. The estate consists of Marienborg, Egelykke, Frøhave, Skovridergaarden and Lille Lind. It covers countryside which includes woods, pastures, fields and hedgerows. To the southeast, it reaches the Baltic coast.