Peter Reesor

Peter Reesor (December 25, 1775 – November 16, 1854) was one of the original settlers of Markham, Ontario.
Peter Reesor was born December 25, 1775, in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania to Christian Reesor (1747–1806) and Veronica (Fanny) Reiff (1751–1818). Reesor's grandparents Peter Rieser (1713-1804) and Elizabeth Hershey had moved from Switzerland to Bavaria and then to America in 1739.
First visit to Canada.
At the close of the American Revolution, many pacifist Mennonites left the newly formed United States in loyalty to the British Crown which guaranteed them exemption from military service. In 1798, Peter Reesor was appointed by his family and community to travel to Upper Canada and explore newly opened lands for settlement. He saddled up a horse and packed a few things for his seven-week, 500 mile journey to York (Toronto). Upon arrival Peter was directed to travel up the Rouge River trail to an area which later became known as Cedar Grove. There was ample amount of good timberland. On his short stay here he met a mercenary German army officer, Frederic Baron de Hoen. The officer apparently offered Peter roughly 500 acres of land around a kettle lake in Whitchurch Township (Reesor Lake, later Preston Lake) in exchange for his horse and saddle. Reesor took the offer. However, when the officer wanted the bridle as well, Reesor—always a shrewd business man—stated it was not part of the original deal. According to family tradition, Peter Reesor walked back to Pennsylvania carrying the bridle on his shoulder.
Reesor family emigration.
In 1804, Peter Reesor led a larger group of Pennsylvania Dutch Mennonite families on the long journey to Upper Canada for settlement along the Rouge River. Peter had chosen Lot 4, on Concession 9 (five acres of land) on the Little Rouge River for his own homestead. His brother-in-law Abraham Stouffer settled further north and founded the community of Stouffville. The first task of the pioneer families was to clear large numbers of trees in preparation for farming. At the time, pioneers only had axes and hand saws to cut down the three to four foot diameter maple and pine trees. This was very dangerous work. In 1806, shortly after arriving in Canada, Christian Reesor (Peter's father) was killed by a falling tree. After a few years of tree clearing there was enough land to start farming wheat. Initially they would take their wheat and travel miles to a grist mill to be turned into flour. But Peter Reesor, like his brother-in-law Abraham Stouffer, was both a farmer and miller. Soon Reesor had built a saw mill and a grist mill on the Little Rouge River, and by 1850 he and his son Peter Jr. had acquired a third mill as well. Another son, Abraham Reesor, became a co-founder of the hamlet of Altona, where he constructed two mills in 1850. A third son, Samuel, is considered the founding minister of the Cedar Grove Mennonite Church. Daughter Esther married Captain William Armstrong, joined the Anglican Church, and together they operated a distillery and hotel in the Village of Markham and established the Markham Fair. A nephew, David Reesor, became well known as a Lieutenant-Colonel of the Reserve Militia in York (against his pacifist Mennonite tradition—he became a Methodist) and was appointed to the Senate of Canada.
Founding a town.
The settlement between Peter Reesor's farm and mill and his brother's farms became known as Reesorville. In 1825, Reesorville was renamed the Village of Markham to coincide with the Township of Markham.
Death.
Peter Reesor died November 16, 1854 at his home in Markham (11 Reesor Road), Ontario at the age of 78. Peter Reesor is buried in Cedar Grove, Ontario.


University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan

University of Agriculture Dera Ismail Khan is a public sector university located at Dera Ismail Khan city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan. Its conceptual plan was laid by the Government of the Pakistan
Overview and history.
University of Agriculture Dera Ismail Khan is established by Government of Khyber Pakhtunwa in October 2017. It was originally a faculty of Agriculture in Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan. The Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has now upgraded the department into full-fledged university in October 2017.
Departments.
The University of Agriculture Dera Ismail Khan has currently the following departments.


Forest of Fontainebleau

The forest of Fontainebleau (, or "Forêt de Bière", meaning "forest of heather") is a mixed deciduous forest lying southeast of Paris, France. It is located primarily in the arrondissement of Fontainebleau in the southwestern part of the department of Seine-et-Marne. Most of it also lies in the canton of Fontainebleau, although parts of it extend into adjoining cantons, and even as far west as the town of Milly-la-Forêt in the neighboring department, Essonne. Several "communes" lie within the forest, notably the towns of Fontainebleau and Avon. The forest has an area of .
Fauna and flora.
The most common trees in the forest are: oak (44%), Scots pine (40%), and European beech (10%). Three thousand species of mushrooms have been discovered. The forest is also home to approximately seven thousand animal species, five thousand of which are insects.
Rock shapes.
The place is also known for peculiar rock shapes which resemble elephants, tortoises, crocodiles and are believed to be natural formations.


Natasja Oerlemans

Natasja Oerlemans (born 30 November 1969 in Rotterdam) is head Food & Agriculture at World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Netherlands. She was a prominent member of the Party for the Animals.
She stood as a candidate for the European Parliament in the 2009 election.
She is a vegetarian.


Roger Swain

Roger Bartlett Swain, (born 5 February 1949, Cambridge, Massachusetts) known as "the man with the red suspenders", is most famous for hosting the television show, The Victory Garden on PBS. He was the host from the mid-1980s until 2001.
He graduated from Harvard College with B.A. in 1971 and M.A. in 1972 and went on to earn in 1977 a Ph.D. from Harvard University in Biology. From 1978 to 2008 he was writer and science editor at Horticulture Magazine. He is the author of five books: "Earthly Pleasures", "Field Days", "The Practical Gardener", "Saving Graces", and "Groundwork". From 2005-06 he was the co-host of the television show People, Places, and Plants with Paul Tukey on HGTV. Roger was married for 31 years to Elisabeth Ward Swain, who died in February 2008.


Bovec sheep

The Bovec (, , ) is a breed of domestic sheep from the upper valley of the Soča or Isonzo river, now in Slovenia. The breed is named in both Slovenian and in Italian for the town of Bovec or Plezzo; in the Trenta valley it may also be called Trentarka. It is raised in the Soča valley in Slovenia, in the areas of Resia and Tarvisio in Friuli in Italy, and in Styria and Carinthia in Austria. The breed is raised for milk and for meat.
Characteristics.
The Bovec may be whitish, or in about 30% of cases, black or brown. They have small ears, short, thin legs, and their belly is bare. The back legs are inclined forward so that they can walk on steep meadows easily.
Height of rams is and ewes at the withers. A breeding ewe provides approximately 1.23 lambs per litter, lactates for 210 days and in that time yields of milk with 6.3% fat.
Numbers.
In 2012 a population in Slovenia of 3500 was reported to DAD-IS. Other sources estimate the number of pure-bred examples there at 1200. The Krainer Steinschaf population in Austria was reported to be in the range 2719–4000 in 2012.
The Plezzana is one of the forty-two autochthonous local sheep breeds of limited distribution for which a herdbook is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep-breeders; in 2013 the herdbook was empty. The population in Italy is estimated at 40–50 head.


John Courtenay Chanter

"For John Courtenay Chanter's father, John Moore Chanter, a member of the New South Wales and Australian parliaments see John Chanter"
John Courtenay Chanter (17 February 1881 – 23 February 1962) was an Australian politician and a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1943 and 1947. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP).
Early life.
Chanter was born in Panoomilloo near Rochester, Victoria and was the son of John Chanter and Mary Anne Clark. His father was a farmer and politician who represented the seats of Murray and Deniliquin in the Legislative Assembly between 1885 and 1901 as a Protectionist. He held ministerial office as the Secretary of Mines in the government of George Dibbs. John Chanter, sr. was also the member for Riverina in the Australian House of Representatives at various times between 1901 and 1922. He was a member of the Protectionist Party until 1909, the Australian Labor Party and, after the Labor Party split of 1916, the Nationalist Party. John Chanter Jr. was educated at the State Primary School Moama. He established a sawmilling business in Barham and a wheat farm in Tongala. In 1927 he moved permanently to New South Wales and became a prominent wheat farmer in Lake Cargelligo. Chanter was involved in local organizations in Tongala and Lake Cargellico including the show societies, Wheatgrowers Union and Freemasons. He was elected to the position of councillor for Deakin Shire in Victoria between 1919 and 1926 and was the shire president in 1925–26. He was also elected to Lachlan Shire Council in New South Wales between 1928 and 1945 and was the president in 1940–1.
Military service.
In 1901, Chanter served with the 'D' Squadron, NSW Citizen's Bushmen Regiment during the Second Boer War. He also served with the Light Horse Regiment of the First Australian Imperial Force during the Gallipoli and Damascus campaigns of the First World War. He attained the rank of Major and was awarded the DSO in 1919.
State Parliament.
Chanter was elected to parliament as the Labor member for Lachlan at the September 1943 by-election caused by the death of the incumbent Country Party member Griffith Evans. His victory represented a 10% swing to the governing Labor party in a traditionally conservative area. Chanter defended the seat at the 1944 state election, but he was defeated by the Country Party's Robert Medcalf in 1947. He then retired from public life and resumed farming. He did not hold party, parliamentary or ministerial offices.


Henson horse

The Henson Horse, or Cheval de Henson, is a modern horse breed from northeast France. It was created by the selective breeding of light saddle horses with the smaller, heavier Norwegian Fjord horse to create small horses suitable for the equestrian vacation industry. The breeders' association, Association du Cheval Henson, was formed in 1983. In 1995 the studbook was closed to horses not born from Henson parents, and in 2003 the breed was officially recognised by the French government agencies for horse breeding. A hardy breed of horse, each winter the broodmares and youngstock from several breeders are let loose together to graze freely in the wetland reserves in France.
History.
Unlike the majority of French horse breeds, the Henson was created in the late 20th century with the goal of obtaining a hardy horse adapted to all forms of equestrian tourism, outdoor riding and pleasure riding; it is therefore the most recent of all French horse breeds. The birthplace of the breed was the Baie de Somme in Picardy (now part of Hauts-de-France), a natural area of 70 km². The Henson became one of the emblems in the same way as birds, thanks to its mode of breeding "in the sense of a preserved area". Its economic impact remains modest but is growing from year to year with the rise of ecotourism. It is considered a regional success "in the new logic of horse riding".
Near the end of the 1970s, horseback riding became a popular form of outdoor recreation for nature-loving families. This led to increased interest in pony trekking as well as driving in the Somme, creating a need for a leisure horse suited to the region.
The Henson breed was originally an experimental cross between first generation Fjord horses and various other riding horses from the breeders Bernard Bizet and Lionel and Marc Berquin. In 1972, Bernard Bizet bought a Fjord stallion and four fillies with the idea of using them to breed a leisure horse, following a trip to Denmark in his youth. Fjord horses are an ideal breed for activities geared towards a younger clientele, and are hardy enough to live outside year round. In 1973, Bizet's Fjord stallion was too young to breed with his mares, so he decided to take them to the Haras Nationaux, and breed them to an Anglo-Arab.
In 1974, the birth of two Fjord cross Anglo-Arab foals attracted the attention of Lionel Berquin, attendant at the Centre Équestre de Morlay (Morlay Equestrian Centre). He discovered the talents of these foals. Adopted by the Association des Cavaliers de la Baie de Somme (located in Port-le-Grand), they were named "Henson" a few years later. They combine the Fjord's dun coat colour, hardiness and mental balance with the Anglo-Arab's fiery temperament and body adapted to driving and recreation. This cross resulted in heterosis, such that the hybrids retained the desired qualities of both parent-breeds. With the success of this breeding, the Fjords were also crossed with Trotters and Selle Français horses, but the Anglo-Arab proved to be the best cross.
Members of the breed's development project, including Berquin and Bizet, joined in 1982 and became the Association des Cavaliers de la Baie de Somme. Lionel Berquin co-created the Association of the Henson Horse that same year with Dominique Cocquet, then leader of the "Syndicat Mixte Pour l'Aménagement de la Côte Picarde" (Mixed Union for the Development of the Picardy Coast), to "give life to this crazy bet" which was to create a new breed of horse, promote it, and establish it. They gathered all their Fjord-cross horses, and bred their mares to the stallions. The goal was to get horses with similar phenotypes, so the genotype would be stable and reproducible, but also to have sufficient first generation animals that were 50/50. From 1984 to 1986, the 50/50 Fjord mares were bred to Anglo stallions; the progeny being 25% Fjord blood. The morphology and character were interesting but the dun coat colour was lost in more than half of the cases. The same mares were then bred to Fjords to produce foals that were 75% Fjord, in order to better establish the coat colour for selection criteria.
In 1986, the creation of the Henson horse breed was formalized by Bizet and Berquin. The little horse from the Baie de Somme had an identity, although it remained unrecognized by the Haras Nationaux. The fillies with 75% Fjord blood were bred in 1992 by Riesling Pierre and Agmar D'Oc, to two Anglo-Arabs from the Boismont stud belonging to the Haras Nationaux. In 1993, the first foal with 37.5% Fjord blood was born, Fantasio de Morlay, and was voted Best Foal of the Year at the Henson Festival in . The goal of the breeding was to create a horse for recreation through breeding registered mares, where the breeding of mares to their sires was forbidden in order to avoid inbreeding and its resultant health and genetic problems.
In 1989, the Association des Cavaliers de la Baie de Somme moved to the Marquenterre property, land of the Jeanson family. In 1995, they believed the population of first generation horses was sufficient, the breed studbook was closed to horses whose parents were not of the Henson breed. Purebred breeding continued exclusively on horses of second and following generations. This is why Henson horses born after this date are no longer bred from a cross between Fjord and saddle horses, contrary to popular belief.
The Henson was recognized as a breed by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Haras Nationaux in July 2003. Dominique Cocquet thought in 2010 that this breed had a future because 12 million French thought they would like to practice horse riding in contact with nature.
Characteristics.
The Henson has between 25% and 50% Fjord blood and measures between . As a result, it looks a lot like the Fjord, but is slightly taller and more slender. It is well-structured but not heavy. Its phenotype has well-marked features even though the relatively recent creation of this breed led to a certain lack of homogeneity. It is ranked among the 23 most beautiful horse breeds in the world by the "Cheval Pratique", a French equine magazine.
Morphological features are those of a pleasure horse, with extended gaits and a strong use of the hind limbs.
The head is refined, expressive and as light as possible; it is generally medium-sized with relatively deep jowls and a straight or slightly concave profile. The ears are short and well-sculpted with a darker tip. The eyes are sharp, but with a sweet expression, and are surrounded by black skin. The neck is sufficiently long and not heavy, well set on the shoulders, but is usually relatively short and wide. The chest is broad, the shoulder long and sloping. The body is stocky, the back often short and wide but preferably of medium length. The hindquarters are large, the pasterns are short, legs solid and muscular with a hoof wall as strong as that of the Fjord. The hooves should not be light coloured.
The coat colour is most often a dark beige colour ranging from sand tones to brown, known as dun, and arises from the presence of the dun gene seen in the Fjord. Bay colouring is also acceptable. The presence of a dorsal stripe along the back is mandatory, and a lot of horses also have zebra-like striping or bars on the legs. White markings (stripe, blaze, socks, etc.) are discouraged, and are prohibited in breeding stallions so that they do not appear in their offspring. The mane is solid black or two-tone black-and-gold or black-and-white. The coat still lacks a bit of stability and periodically non-dun horses or carriers of white markings are born.
The Henson is described as having a confident manner, sociable and friendly. It is easily approached in the pasture. It is quiet, docile, versatile and hardy. Undemanding in the level of care and feeding, it can live outdoors year-round thanks to its hardiness and resistance. It is often reared in a natural manner outside, and reproduces unassisted, which gives balance and hardiness from birth. The many swamps and other wetlands in the Baie de Somme form the main area where it is traditionally bred and lives part of the year, living off the barren pastures and sandy or marshy ground without problems. This hardiness comes from its Fjord ancestors which are accustomed to harsh conditions. The presence of horses in Marquenterre attracts cattle egrets, and it complements the presence of salt-meadow sheep. A study done at the University of Lille I concluded that this horse integrates well into this ecosystem.
Selection.
The Henson Horse Association has been the national breed association since 3 February 1983. Its purpose is to consolidate breeders and owners of Henson horses, manage the studbook, guide the direction of the breed, develop it, and promote it. To help renew the blood in the breed, the Henson studbook has a "Henson factor" section open to horses crossed between a Fjord horse and a Thoroughbred, Anglo-Arabian, Selle Français, French Trotter, Andalusian or American Quarter Horse — maintaining 25% to 50% Fjord blood and a coat colour that meets the Henson breed standard.
There is a limit to the number of breedings permitted per stallion — a maximum of ten mares for stallions up to six years old, and up to fifty mares for stallions over six years. Artificial insemination and embryo transfer are not allowed, and the approval of a stallion or a mare for breeding is subject to passing a qualification test as to appearance, character and gait.
Uses and distribution.
The Henson is used for all kinds of outdoor and pleasure riding and is suitable for beginners to advanced riders. It is widely used for this activity in Marquenterre. Described as an "interesting experience" in the field of leisure, according to Lætitia Bataille, the Henson does not have the qualities of horse breeds that have been selected for several centuries.
The Henson has great endurance, and is both handy and fast. It can participate in polocrosse and is used for hunting. Driving, where a team of four Henson horses earned a bronze medal in the Championship of France, horse-ball, in which the women's team of Marquenterre was national champion of France in 2002, endurance and Le TREC, where the Henson is seen at the national level, are among its preferred disciplines. Thanks to its coat colour, it is striking in the field of traditional driving.
It is also used for the maintenance of the marshes of the Somme, in its role as a grazing animal.
The Henson was once considered to be a local breed for which the threat level was unknown. The breed is now stabilised and bred mainly for pleasure, while some find opportunities in sport. These horses are found in all pastures of the Baie de Somme and in the Marquenterre. The Baie de Somme, and in particular the Marquenterre, birthplace of the breed, is the main breeding area. The horses are also found throughout France and in Belgium. Since 2008, this horse is found in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, the departments of Oise and Eure, and on a farm located in Berry.
There were about 400 Hensons identified in France in 2010, including 200 in the equestrian "Henson-Marquenterre" area, in Tourmont-Saint-Quentin, and equestrian "L'Étrier" area, in the . In 2011, a new equestrian area dedicated to this horse began in Rue, the "Henson Stud". In 2006, there were 31 breeders, 9 stallions standing at stud, and 36 new births. These numbers were relatively stable over the following years.
Trans'Henson gathering.
The last weekend of October, during All Saints' Day, marks the "Trans'Henson", a gathering by Henson horse owners who assemble the year's foals, broodmares and young stock (from one to three years old) to reunite them on the winter pasture close to the centre of Saint-Quentin-en-Tourmont. It is an opportunity to see more than 200 horses gathered. A "Ferya" is organized in mid-July, exhibiting horses and selecting the most beautiful colt and the most beautiful filly. Otherwise, these animals participate in other events such as the Paris International Agricultural Show, where they were the stars in 2003.


Korong Station

Korong Station was a pastoral lease that operated as a sheep station in Western Australia.
Situated approximately west of Laverton and east of Leonora in the Goldfields-Esperance region. The property adjoins Mount Crawford Station.
Gold was being mined at leases named Korong on the Mount Margaret goldfields in 1898.
The station was established at some time prior to 1914 and was breeding sheep at this time but not heavily stocked as a result of insufficient rain. In 1926 the property was supporting a flock of 5,000 sheep.
The homestead burnt to the ground in 1928 following a fire that started in the kitchen. The stations managers wife, Mrs Williams, was the only one home when the fire started. The station manager, Mr Williams, was a shareholder in the pastoral company that owned Korong. The property was running about 7,000 sheep at this time, despite it being a dry year.
By 1935 the property was running a flock of 12,000 sheep and shearing produced 250 bales of wool.
Koorong, along with neighbouring Mount Crawford, were owned by Hugo Green in 1947, Green had acquired the property from the Mount Crawford Pastoral Company. In 1948 both properties had a combined flock of 12,000 sheep.


John Connor (Irish politician)

John Connor (born 14 February 1944) is a former Irish Fine Gael politician. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1981 general election as a Fine Gael Teachta Dála (TD) for the Roscommon constituency.
He lost his seat at the February 1982 general election, but subsequently was nominated by the Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald to the 17th Seanad. He was elected to the Agricultural Panel of the 18th Seanad in 1987. At the 1989 general election he re-gained his Dáil seat for the Roscommon constituency and was re-elected for the new Longford–Roscommon constituency at the 1992 general election. He again lost his Dáil seat at the 1997 general election but was again elected to the Agricultural Panel of the 21st Seanad. At the 2002 general election he failed to get elected to the Dáil and he also lost his Seanad seat.
In 1999, he was elected to Roscommon County Council, and was re-elected at the 2004 local elections. He did not contest the 2009 local elections.


Colin Bell (Australian politician)

Colin John Bell (born 18 May 1941) is a former Australian politician who was a Liberal Party member of the Legislative Council of Western Australia from 1983 to 1989, representing Lower West Province.
Bell was born in Bunbury, and attended Bunbury Senior High School. A dairy farmer at Capel before entering politics, he several terms as president of the dairy section of the Primary Industry Association, and also served on the board of the Australia Dairy Corporation. Bell entered parliament at the 1983 state election, replacing the retiring Neil McNeill in Lower West Province. He served a single six-year term before losing Liberal Party preselection prior to the 1989 election. Bell moved to the eastern states after leaving parliament, living for periods in rural New South Wales, on the Gold Coast (where he owned a limousine company), and in rural Victoria, eventually retiring to Melbourne.


Karlsberg (brewery)

Karlsberg is one of the largest breweries in Germany; the Karlsberg Group also owns various other beer brands. It is called Karlsbräu outside of Germany to differentiate it from the Danish brewing company Carlsberg.
History.
Established 1878 in the town of Homburg, Saarland (then part of Bavaria), the brewery was named after the nearby castle on the hill. Karlsberg's ownership has been handed down through generations. The current owner, Richard Weber, is the great-grandson of the brewery's founder.
Brands.
Karlsberg's brands include "Karlsberg", "Beckers", "Ottweiler" and "Kasteel" which includes "Kasteel Cru", a lager brewed in Saverne using champagne yeast.
Karlsberg Group.
The Karlsberg Group also owns and distributes other beer brands, among them the German brewery Königsbacher (in Koblenz) and the French brewery "Brasserie de Saverne". The juice producers "Merziger", "Klindworth" and "Niehoffs Vaihinger" belong to the company. In 2001 Karlsberg acquired controlling interest in the "Mineralbrunnen Überkingen-Teinach" company from Nestlé, including Afri-Cola and the mineral water brands "Staatlich Fachingen" and "Hirschquelle" from the Black Forest. Alcohol-free drinks today make up more than 50% of the company's turnover (of 691 Million Euros in the fiscal year 2004/05).


Great Smoky Mountains Heritage Center

The Great Smoky Mountains Heritage Center is a private non-profit museum located in Townsend, Tennessee, United States, near the city's entrance to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Its mission is to preserve the heritage and culture of the inhabitants of the Great Smoky Mountains, including both the region's Native American inhabitants and the pioneers and residents of the region's Appalachian communities. The center was organized in the early 2000s, and officially opened in February 2006.
The center houses over of indoor and outdoor exhibits. The outdoor area includes several structures from around the region, including a log cabin, two cantilever barns, an AME Zion chapel, a logging town "setoff" house, a sawmill, and a still once operated by a local moonshiner. The indoor gallery displays tools, furniture and musical instruments used in the mountain region, as well as a sizable collection of Cherokee and other Native American artifacts, some dating to the Archaic period (c. 8000–2000 B.C.).
History.
The Great Smoky Mountains Heritage Center was conceptualized in the early 2000s by local preservationist and antique collector Richard Way. Early organizational efforts were led by Bob Patterson and several Townsend-area civic organizations. The Great Smoky Mountains Heritage Center Guild hosted fundraisers for the proposed center in 2004 and 2005. Ground for the new center was broken in the Summer of 2004. The center officially opened February 12, 2006.
Early displays included Cherokee artifacts and masks representing the seven Cherokee clans, and tools and vehicles used by early pioneers and mountaineers. A mountain medicine exhibit displayed bags and equipment used by Dr. Granville Dexter LeQuire, who practiced in the rural parts of the region during the first half of the 20th century. The center's "Tennessee on the Move" gallery included a small car with a video screen that gave visitors the experience of driving on a mountain road in 1925. The center's outdoor displays included the Cardwell Cabin, an 1890s-era hewn log cabin donated to the center by Gatlinburg resident Wilma Maples, one of the center's benefactors.
In 2008, a moonshine still built and operated by Townsend-area resident Charlie Williams (1905–1992) was donated to the center by Williams' son, Mike. In 2010, the Wilders Cemetery Association donated the 100-year-old meeting house of the Wilders Chapel AME Zion Church, which had stood on Amerine Road in Maryville since 1910.
The center reported over 75,000 visitors during its first three years of operation. In 2010, the center announced plans to build a new climate-controlled facility to house additional displays and artifacts. In 2011, the Tennessee Association of Museums presented the center and its organizers with three Awards of Excellence.
Collections.
Along with its outdoor exhibits, the Great Smoky Mountains Heritage Center has two indoor galleries: the main gallery and the transportation gallery. Half of the main gallery is dedicated to the region's Native American history, and the other to the region's pioneer and mountaineer periods. The center's transportation gallery interprets the region's evolving types of transportation, from wagons to railroads and automobiles. The center also includes a 100-seat auditorium and a 500-seat amphitheater.
Along with the Cardwell Cabin, Wilders Chapel, and Williams still, the outdoor section consists of nearly a dozen structures from around the region, many of which are decorated with furniture, tools, and other items from their respective periods. The Montvale Station represents a stagecoach stop that once stood in the nearby late-19th century resort of Montvale Springs. The center is home to two cantilever barns, a type of barn commonly used by farmers in East Tennessee, as well as a smokehouse and granary, which were once common on rural farms. The "setoff" house on display is a type of home commonly found in late-19th century logging towns, such as nearby Tremont and Elkmont.
The main gallery's Native American section contains artifacts dating from the Archaic (8000–2000 B.C.), Woodland (1000 B.C. – 1000 A.D.), and Mississippian (1000–1600 A.D.) periods, as well as from the historic Cherokee period. Many of the artifacts on display were uncovered during the Townsend Archaeological Project, which was conducted just up the road from 1999 to 2001. The pioneer gallery includes late-19th and early-20th century items commonly used in rural areas around the region, including a bedroom suite, and tools such as a horseshoeing box and a banjo once played by a resident of Cades Cove.
The Proffitt's Gallery, at the end of the center's main gallery, hosts traveling and temporary exhibits. These have included an exhibit showcasing items once sold by the Alcoa-based department store, Proffitt's, a collection of Civil War memorabilia to honor the war's sesquicentennial, an exhibition of old toys, and an exhibit dedicated to Great Smoky Mountains National Park promoters and conservationists, Horace Kephart and Harvey Broome.


Arrigo Serpieri

Arrigo Serpieri (Bologna, 15 June 1877 - Florence, 29 January 1960) was an economist, politician, and agronomist. Serpieri was an expert in agricultural economics, and was undersecretary of the Ministry of Agriculture during the Fascist period.
He was also President of the Academy of Georgofili, Senator since 1939, and rector of the University of Florence from 1937 to 1942.
Life.
Born in Bologna on 15 June 1877 he led his classical studies and attended the School of Agriculture of Milan where he graduated in 1900 with a dissertation on sharecropping. Since his youth Serpieri had attended the company of his uncle to S. Giorgio di Piano, which was considered advanced for its time. Initially he entered the Milanese school as a teacher of valuation, but in 1906 he moved to Perugia after winning the competition by a professor at the School of Agriculture of Perugia.
He taught here for one year, returning to Milan the following year when he obtained the chair holder in his school of origin. In 1922 under the Ministry of Agriculture he began his collaboration with institutions, writing and directing the Forest Act, the following year under the Ministry of Nitti in the newborn National Forestry Institute of Florence. There he resumed teaching economics and valuation. Serpieri pushed to separate the study of forestry issues by studying the problems of mountain areas.
In the First World War he served in the Army Corps of Engineers, as a lieutenant, but was soon assigned to the management of forest services and procurement, where he earned the title of captain.
The Fascist Era.
From 1919 to 1935 Serpieri was awarded the President's Secretariat for the Mountain. In 1923 he became Secretary of State for Agriculture, where he remained for about a year. On liberal ideas, he maintained positions far from those of the vertices of fascists, although engaged in the Battle for grain, in order to increase the production. Serpieri would have preferred a liberal position if it where not for companies choosing production of wheat under a higher gain rather than at the desire of Benito Mussolini.
Politically he belonged the National Fascist Party, and was close to the position of Socialist Filippo Turati. He was a supporter of small land ownership, competitiveness, and believed that the future would not be in the estate but in independent firms: Mussolini ignored the objections of Serpieri and proceeded with the methods he deemed best, leading, especially in the south, an explosion of landlordism and tenant farming, against the wishes of Serpieri.
Serpieri had the merit of beginning the process of distinguishing between business economics and agricultural engineering, up to the time treated in parallel texts on agriculture in similar ways. He was to all intents and purposes a founder the agricultural economy, and was a leading proponent of the reclamation work accomplished during the twenties. He was also considered the father of the concept of land reclamation in Italy, and charged the organizing committee of the 1st National Exhibition of Reclamation that the regime organized in celebration of the tenth anniversary of the March on Rome.
Amongst the works which shows the footprints of Serpieri there is the Luzzatti Law of 2 June 1910, which favored forestry freeing it from mere intervention of hydrogeological redevelopment. His contribution to Law 337 of 30 December 1923, further corrected the Forest Law, and remained until the current revision implemented in 1952, which transferred the jurisdiction of the state forest regions.
Serpiere pushed the state to intervene in the financing of credit for agriculture, so as to encourage investment and the contraction of loans for business development. He tried to fight the big estates by Decree 753 of 18 May 1924, threatening to expropriate the landlords who have not turned their farms into modern companies. He reformed the organization of the Agricultural Schools, transferring skills to the Ministry of Economy (formerly divided between Economy, Education and Agriculture) and also creating agricultural technical institutes for the training of personnel with intermediate qualifications.
From 119 29 to 1935 whilst Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture, he launched the Consolidated Law on land reclamation (Law no. 215, Feb 13, 1933), which defined the type of state intervention in land reclamation and pushed in favour of remedial measures to mountain areas, as well as establishing various forms of financing, including grans, and defined as an integrated plan of construction work and services, required for the development of the country. The law was going to affect the interests of many wealthy landowners, influential in politics, which led to the marginalization of Serpieri within the hierarchies of government.
In 1939 he was appointed Senator of the United XXX Legislature. After the war he played a political role in the secondary. He continued his studies and teaching since 1947.
Works.
The war and the Italian rural classes; 1930 .
Between politics and the rural economy; 1934 .
Land reclamation; 1937 .
Land reform in Italy, 1946 .
Legislation on land reclamation; 1948 .
Agricultural cooperatives for the occupancy of the land in Italy, with U. Sorbi, 1955 .
Principles of Agricultural Economics 1956 .


Thurloo Downs

Thurloo Downs Station most commonly known as Thurloo Downs is a pastoral lease that has operated as both a sheep station and a cattle station in outback New South Wales. It is located approximately north of White Cliffs and north west of Bourke on the Berawinnia Creek close to the Queensland border.
The property is about two thirds lightly timbered open country with the remainder made up of sandhills and stony ridges.
History.
Established prior to 1883 in that year it was owned by Messrs Rowan and Mactier.
The property was inspected in 1896, when John Samuel Barrow was manager, and occupied an area of and was fully enclosed with eight tanks, one dam and one well.
John Augustus Ibbott acquired the property in 1903 and settled there with his family of five sons and two daughters.
Sidney Kidman acquired the property in 1918 along with Urisino and Elsinora from Goldsbrough, Mort and Co.
In 1954 part of Thurloo Downs, along with Elsinora Station were resumed for the soldier settlement scheme for returned servicemen from Korea and Malayan operation forces. The total area resumed was , forming a block known as Kendabooka and was first drawn by Lieutenant Joe Waites.
Thurloo Downs will be the site of a Total Solar Eclipse on 25 November, 2030.


Murrum Station

Murrum Station, most often referred to as Murrum, is a pastoral lease operating as a sheep station in Western Australia.
The property is situated approximately south west of Mount Magnet and east of Yalgoo in the Mid West region of Western Australia. Murrum is adjoined by Yoweragabbie Station.
William Fitzgerald acquired Murrum at some time prior to 1908; he died in 1934 at Murrum. His son, Victor Fitzgerald, was the manager of the property at the time.


Interfor Corporation

Interfor Corporation is one of the largest lumber producers in the world. The company's sawmilling operations have a combined manufacturing capacity of over 3 billion board feet of lumber with sales to North America, Asia-Pacific and Europe. Interfor is based in Vancouver, BC and employs approximately 3400 people. In May 2014, Interfor opened its corporate office for the USA south-east region at Peachtree City, Georgia.
Products.
Interfor produces lumber for residential, commercial and industrial applications. It uses several species of wood in its products, including Douglas Fir, Western Hemlock, Western Red Cedar, Ponderosa pine, Lodgepole pine and Southern Yellow Pine. It markets European Spruce and Red Pine lumber through a sales agreement with Ilim Timber.
Mills.
Interfor has sawmills in British Columbia (BC), Washington, Oregon, Georgia, South Carolina, and Arkansas. In BC this includes one sawmill (Acorn) on the Coast; two sawmills in the Kootenay region (Grand Forks and Castlegar); and one sawmill in the Southern Interior region near Kamloops (Adams Lake).
In the US Pacific Northwest, the company operates two sawmills in Washington state (Port Angeles and Longview) and one in Oregon (Molalla). It operates the Cedarprime remanufacturing plant in Sumas, Washington.
In the US Southeast, the company operates seven sawmills in Georgia (Baxley, Eatonton, Meldrim, Perry, Preston, Swainsboro, and Thomaston), one in South Carolina (Georgetown), and one in Arkansas (Monticello).
Environmental Record.
Interfor's woodlands and manufacturing operations have been independently certified to internationally recognized standards.
Old growth logging.
In British Columbia's Great Bear Rainforest, Interfor is known to log the oldest and rarest cedar trees.
Manufacturing.
All of Interfor's BC sawmills are Chain-of-Custody (CoC) certified.
Chain-of-Custody (CoC) certification tracks logs from harvest through the manufacturing process. In BC, Interfor mills are independently certified to meet Program for Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC) and Sustainable Forestry Initiative® (SFI) CoC certification requirements. Select Interfor mills meet Forest Stewardship Council® (FSC®) CoC certification requirements. Interfor's Preston and Perry Mills in the United States are certified to the SFI fiber sourcing requirements.
Awards and Accomplishments.
2009 - Interfor was awarded an SFI Inc. Conservation Leadership Award for collaborative work with First Nations to ensure there is a suitable supply of monumental cedar trees to meet long-term cultural needs on British Columbia's Pacific Coast.
2007 - Interfor was a co-recipient of the World Wildlife Fund – Gift to the Earth Award to acknowledge collaborative work that led to the landmark agreements to conserve temperate rainforests in British Columbia's north and central coast regions.
Financials.
Interfor has more than doubled in size since 2002 and is one of the largest lumber companies in the world.


Forestry in Bhutan

One of Bhutan's significant natural resources in the late twentieth century was its rich forests and natural vegetation. Bhutan's location in the eastern Himalayas, with its subtropical plains and alpine terrain, gives it more rainfall than its neighbors to the west, a factor greatly facilitating forest growth. The forests contain numerous deciduous and evergreen species, ranging from tropical hardwoods to predominantly oak and pine forests.
Conservation.
The small population and the general absence of overdevelopment in Bhutan contributed to forest preservation. Because of the terrain, the more accessible forests had been overcut whereas remote forests remained largely in their natural state. A progressive government-sponsored forestry conservation policy strove to balance revenue needs with ecological considerations, water management, and soil preservation. Success in managing its forest resources had long been critical to the local environment and economy and also affected downstream floodplains in India and Bangladesh.
The Department of Forests and Park Services was established in 1952 as the Department of Forestry to oversee conservation and exploitation of the country's significant forestry resources. After an initial decade of development, forestry resource exploitation increased with the start of the First Development Plan in 1961. Uncontrolled felling of trees in the 1970s by private companies in logging areas and by rural populations along roads and in main valleys stripped hillsides and caused serious erosion. Tsheri cultivation, forest fires, and overgrazing also contributed to the degradation of the forestry resource.
In 1971 the Forestry School was established at Kalikhola in southern Bhutan. It was moved to Taba in the northern Thimphu Valley in 1977. The school provided basic instruction in forestry and forest management and trained foresters and Forest Guards.
In 1981 some 33,000 km², or between 70 and 74 percent of the land, were forested, but in 1991 foreign estimates indicated a shrinking forest of only 60 to 64 percent of the land. Even more conservative estimates indicated that closer to 50 percent of Bhutan's territory still was forested in the late 1980s, and about 15 percent of GDP was produced through the nation's important forest industry.
According to UN statistics, in the decade between 1978 and 1987 Bhutan harvested an average of nearly 3.2 million cubic meters of roundwood and produced 5,000 cubic meters of sawn wood per year. Of this total, nearly 80 percent was for commercial use (paper pulp, veneers, plywood, particle board, and firewood), and the remainder was for housing construction and public works.
Conscientious Forestry.
Before hydroelectric power and other modern energy sources were available, wood was the almost exclusive source of fuel for heating, cooking, and lighting. The provision of electricity, as well as better regulation of fuelwood collectors and more aggressive reforestation projects, was seen in the 1980s as a key factor in forest conservation. Because affordable electricity was not available throughout the country, the government established fuelwood plantations near villages to accommodate daily needs and to promote forest conservation.
Recognizing the potential value of its forestry resource, Bhutan became increasingly conscientious about forestry management in the 1970s. Starting in 1977, the World Wildlife Fund began supporting Bhutan's forest management through organizing forest ranger training programs, supplying funds for forest boundary demarcation, building guard posts, and constructing a patrol road for what was later to be designated the Royal Manas National Park. Bhutan rejected World Bank aid to build a major dam on the Manas Chhu in 1986 that would have flooded this major conservation area on the southern Bhutan-India border. By 1989 Bhutan had developed nine other forest and wildlife preserves, also mostly along the southern border with India.
Banning & Standards.
In the face of increasing denuded hillsides, private logging was banned, and strict standards for public-sector logging operations were established in 1979. Farmers were warned against burning off forests to clear land for tsheri cultivation, and Forest Guards were trained in increasing numbers to help preserve the valuable resources. Surveying, demarcation, conservation, and management plans for harvesting forest products were part of the Fifth Development Plan's focus on forestry preservation. Wildlife sanctuaries also were developed.
One of the immediate results of forestry sector regulation was a sharp decrease in revenues since the late 1970s. In 1991 the government, with assistance from UNDP and the World Wildlife Fund, established a trust fund for environmental conservation. Initially in the amount of US$20 million, the UNDP-administered fund was aimed at producing up to US$1 million per year for training in forestry and ecology, surveying forests, reviewing and implementing management plans for protected areas, and supporting government environmental offices, public awareness programs, and integrated conservation and development programs.


Nico Verlaan

Nicolaas (Nico) Verlaan (born 12 August 1932, Amsterdam) is a former Dutch politician of the Farmers' Party (Boerenpartij).
Verlaan was an MP from 1967 to 1971. He was also a member of the municipal council of Amsterdam and a member of the provincial parliament of North Holland.


Ira J. Condit

Ira Judson Condit (1883–1981) was an American horticulturist who studied subtropical fruits, including the fig, the olive, and the avocado.
Early life and education.
Ira J. Condit was born November 18, 1883, in Jersey, Ohio, and graduated from Granville High School in 1900. He went on to Ohio State University, where he received his B.S. in 1905. After more than a decade working in various horticulture-related jobs, he returned to school, earning an M.S. from the University of California (1928) and a Ph.D. from Stanford University (1932).
Career.
After leaving college Condit spent a year in Washington, D.C., at the Division of Entomology in the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Between 1907 and 1912, he was an instructor in horticulture at California Polytechnic School, San Luis Obispo. While teaching at the polytechnic, he met Caroline Callender, and they married in June 1912.
In 1913, he moved to Berkeley, California, where he joined the College of Agriculture as an assistant professor in citriculture. He began to study subtropical fruit, subsequently publishing research reports on cultivation of the avocado (1915), carob (1919), oriental persimmon (1919), and loquat (1915). He kept track of avocado cultivars in the state, and these efforts, together with his avocado report, were instrumental in helping to establish the economically important California avocado industry. For many years he also investigated problems arising from olive culture in California.
Condit is best known today for his work on the large genus "Ficus", which includes the edible fig. He wrote early reports on caprifigs (so-called inedible figs), the Kadota fig, and general fig culture. After World War I, Condit took a job as horticulturist for the planned J.C. Forkner Fig Gardens, a combination fig ranch and real-estate development project in Fresno, California, that collapsed in the Great Depression. He later served for four years as horticulturist to the California Peach and Fig Growers Association. In 1923, the growers association sent him to Europe to learn about the fig industries of Algeria, Italy, Greece, Turkey, France, Spain and Portugal.
In 1935, Condit joined the University of California Citrus Experiment Station in Riverside as Associate Professor and Associate Subtropical Horticulturist. He remained there for many years studying the morphology of the fig flower, fig nomenclature and climatic adaptation, and fig breeding, and he wrote cytological studies of over 30 "Ficus" species. Among those he studied were "Ficus carica" (the edible fig), "F. benjamina" (weeping fig) and "F. elastica" (rubber plant). In 1947 he published "The Fig", his comprehensive monograph on the subject.
In 1934-35, Condit was visiting professor at Lingnan University in Canton, China, and also visited the Philippines, Formosa, Japan, and Hawaii. He served as the editor of the Subtropical and Tropical Pomology section of "Biological Abstracts", and he was a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Society of Horticultural Science, and the California Botanical Society.
Condit retired from UC Riverside in 1951 and died in Santa Barbara, California in 1981 at the age of 97. A collection of his papers is held by the Riverside Public Library.


Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station

Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station (OAES)
is affiliated with Oregon State University and coordinates research at experiment stations in Oregon. It receives state funding and funding from contracts for its work. It has 11 branch stations. It was established in 1887 after passage of the Hatch Act of 1887 and began at Oregon Agricultural College in 1888. It publishes a station bulletin. It also produced films and public service announcements. Rural homemaking practices were studied when female researchers were added to the organization. Publication topics have included studies on soils, pests, and crops.
Edgar Grimm was the first director.
The first branch station opened in Union, Oregon in 1901. The historic Red Barn was built in 1914 at the experiment station in Union, Oregon.
Deinococcus radiodurans was discovered at the experiment station in Corvallis.


Narinder Singh Randhawa

Narinder Singh Randhawa (1927–1996) was an Indian agricultural scientist, writer and the director general of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). He was the president of the Indian Society of Soil Science during 1980–81 term and was a recipient of National Citizen Award and Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Award of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1989, for his contributions to agricultural science.
Biography.
Randhawa, born on 13 March 1927, secured his doctoral degree (PhD) from the University of California in 1964. Returning to India, he joined the "All India Coordinated Project on Micronutrients in Soils and Plants" of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research as a national coordinator in 1967 and served the project till 1977. During this period, he also served Punjab Agricultural University as a professor at the Department of Soils and stayed at the university till 1979, holding positions such as that of a senior professor, head of the department, dean of the College of Agriculture, and the director of research. In 1979, he returned to ICAR as the deputy director general and continued there till his superannuation in 1985 as the director general. In between, he also had a short stint as a government secretary at the Department of Agricultural Research and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture.
Randhawa was known to have done research in micro-nutrient management of soil and soil fertility and published several books, articles and monographs. He was a member of the Indian National Science Academy Council (1993–95), the research advisory council of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (1986–90) and the consultative group of the CGIAR Consortium of International Agricultural Research Center (1985–90). He presided two science organizations, Indian Society of Soil Sciences and Indian Society of Plant Nutrition and was the vice president of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the vice chair of the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad from 1985 to 1990. He delivered several award orations including the inaugural "Dr. S. P. Raychaudhuri Memorial Lecture" of the Indian Society of Soil Science (1990) and the "Professor N.R. Dhar Memorial Lecture" of the National Academy of Sciences, India (1993). The Indian Council of Agricultural Research awarded him the Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Award in 1975 and he received the civilian honor of the Padma Bhushan in 1989. A recipient of the National Citizen Award (1990), he was an elected Fellow of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy.
Randhawa died on 26 November 1996, at the age of 69. The National Academy of Agricultural Sciences have instituted an annual award, "Dr. N.S.Randhawa Award", in his honor. His contributions have been compiled in an article, Contributions of "Dr. N. S. Randhawa to Indian Horticulture", published in Punjab Horticultural Journal.


John Reynolds (agriculturist)

John Reynolds of Dane Court, Adisham, Kent (1703–1779) was an early agricultural pioneer.
The son of Thomas Reynolds, a Kent Yeoman, John Reynolds enlarged the family farm to and developed agricultural methods which came to the attention of the Royal Society of Arts, which presented him with a silver cup for his efforts to modernise agricultural methods.
These methods included the use of kohlrabi (then known as turnip-rooted cabbage) as a winter feed-stuff for livestock, which he introduced from the Netherlands in 1767, a method of growing melons using manure hot-beds and various other innovations mentioned in Dossie's "Memoires of Agriculture" and Arthur Young's "Agricultural Calendar". He also introduced the Swedish turnip, or swede, (Rutabaga) into England.
A tribute to Reynolds in Adisham's parish church was erected after his death. Historian Maurice Crane, who lived in his house two centuries after Reynolds, drew modern attention to his improvement efforts.


Homestall Farm

Homestall Farm consisted of a farm house, barn, and substantial land surrounding it, and was located on the site of what is now Peckham Rye park in southeast London, England. The farm was acquired by the London County Council in 1894 for the sum of £51,000. The buildings were removed in 1908.


Harry Hays

Harry William Hays, (December 25, 1909 – May 4, 1982) was a Canadian politician, 27th Mayor of Calgary, Cabinet minister in the government of Lester Pearson, and Senator from Alberta.
Personal life.
Born in Carstairs, Alberta, Hays had several careers related to agriculture. He was an auctioneer, rancher and breeder as well as a radio broadcaster. He was a founding member and president of the Alberta Poultry Breeders' Association and also served as president of the Alberta Holstein Breeders' Association. He led the Canadian Swine Breeders during World War II when it initiated the "Bacon for Britain" campaign of increased production as part of the war effort. In the 1950s, he pioneered exporting cattle by airplane allowing the Canadian industry to develop new markets in Mexico and the United Kingdom. Hays is the creator and namesake of the Hays Converter beef cattle breed.
Harry Hays is credited with starting the Calgary Stampede pancake breakfast tradition.
In 1934 Hays married Muriel Biglund and had one son Daniel Hays, who was a former member of the Senate of Canada appointed in 1984 where he served as Speaker and Leader of the Opposition.
Political life.
Mayor of Calgary.
While Hays had never run for political office prior to 1959, it was generally believed that he made his 1959 run at the urging of business colleagues who were concerned about the City of Calgary's rising debt, which would reach $82 million in 1960. In 1959 Hays would sell his dairy farm on the southern outskirts of the city to developers for $1 million, the land would eventually form the community of Haysboro.
Hays was elected the 27th Mayor of Calgary in the October 1959 Calgary municipal election. Hays defeated popular incumbent Mayor Donald Hugh MacKay following the damning report from the Turcotte Inquiry which concluded MacKay had used his position as Mayor for improper personal gain. Turcotte would note that MacKay "derived a direct improper advantage through his position as mayor". Hays would be re-elected for a second term in the 1961 Calgary municipal election. Harry Hays resigned effective June 30, 1963, Grant MacEwan appointed as Mayor by Council and sworn on July 3, 1963.
During his time as Mayor, it was noted that Hays quickly gained the confidence of Council, city commissioners, the press and public, which made him an attractive candidate for Pearson's Liberals. Hays campaigned on more efficiency in government, and the creation of a robust business climate. For his 1961 re-election, Hays made good on his election promise to reduce debt, claiming he had lowered the per capita debt by $11.
Following pressure by Hays directed to the Canadian Pacific Railway regarding a lack of development on the downtown rail right-of-way, the CPR would dispatch employee and future City of Calgary Mayor Rod Sykes to work with Hays to reach a solution. In June 1962 Sykes and Hays would announce CPR led development into a two-block project east of the Palliser Hotel. Hays did not inform his colleagues on council of the announcement, besides Alderman Jack Leslie, and would be censured by in a following council meeting. Despite the rebuke by his peers, Hays was defiant noting "You will be getting these projects from me as long as I am in the chair (Mayor)", to which his fellow councillors reacted by capitulation to the comments, recognizing the power and influence Hays held. The CPR redevelopment scheme would eventually fail to materialize by June 1964.
Harry Hays would also prove to be an ardent supporter of the Calgary Municipal Airport and its continued growth. Hays would lead a delegation to Ottawa to lobby the Department of Transport and Minister of Transport George Hees to provide the Airport with official "International Status". The federal government did not agree with the request, but as a compromise renamed the passenger terminal from "Calgary Municipal Airport" to "Calgary International Airport". Public and council support ensured the remaining area of the airport including the runway would remain called "McCall Field" after Calgary aviator and First World War ace Fred McCall.
Federal politics.
Hays was recruited by Lester Pearson to run for the Liberals in the 1963 federal election in Calgary South, defeating Progressive Conservative opponent, current Aldermen, and future Calgary Mayor Jack Leslie. Hays would be the only Liberal Member of Parliament elected in Alberta or Saskatchewan. At the time, Calgary South was considered a conservative stronghold and Hays would have a difficult contest against his conservative opponent Leslie. Hays was able to garner significant financial support through his 60-person-strong "Citizens for Hays Committee", which included Aldermen Grant MacEwan and P.N.R. Morrison, and several prominent businessmen including Carl Nickle, James K. Gray, Harry Cohen, Jack Pierce, and Peter Rule. On April 5, just three days prior to the federal election, Hays would announce an agreement with CPR for a "$35 Million Face-Lift for Calgary" which would result in "a rebuilt downtown within two decades." Hays' opponent Jack Leslie would later admit to seeing this announcement as a political ploy.
Upon his election Hays would join Pearson's cabinet as Minister of Agriculture. Hays was often absent from the House and initially continued to serve as Calgary's mayor after his election to parliament. He also continued his work as an auctioneer as well as his volunteer duties for the Rotary Club.
Hays had little formal education and was popular for his down to earth manner of living and talking and often swore and used poor grammar and colourful expressions. He described his agricultural policy by saying "We want a flush-toilet, not an outhouse, farm economy for Canada". However, some of his views were unpopular with farmers, such as his opposition to farm subsidies. He advocated a minimum guaranteed income for farmers and a system of marketing boards. During his tenure as minister the Dairy Commission Act was introduced establishing an agency to purchase, store and market dairy products. He was also responsible for the Farm Machinery Syndicate Credit Act which extended loans to farmers to buy machinery co-operatively. Journalist Walter Stewart once wrote of Hays that "No minister seems more inept inside Parliament and few get so much done outside it."
Hays also established the Western College of Veterinary Medicine in Saskatoon and was responsible for expanding crop insurance and introducing a national farm accounting system.
Hays and Tory Alvin Hamilton were bitter rivals with Hamilton denigrating Hays' efforts regularly. Hays once challenged Hamilton to prove he could beat Hays in a cow milking contest but the competition never came to pass.
Hays was defeated in his attempt to retain his seat in the 1965 federal election by Progressive Conservative candidate and two-term Calgary Aldermen Ray Ballard by a margin of 115 votes. Hays loss can be attributed to the limited popularity of the Liberal government in Alberta, however, Hays was appointed to the Senate of Canada in 1966 on the advice of Pearson and served on the Senate's agriculture committee for a number of years.
In 1980 he co-chaired the special joined committee of the Senate and House of Commons on the Canadian Constitution and was an advocate of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and of reducing the Senate's power to veto legislation approved by the House of Commons.
Later life.
He died in office in 1982 following heart surgery.
Archives.
There is a Harry William Hays fonds at Library and Archives Canada.


Bo Libergren

Bo Libergren (born April 29, 1969) is a Danish politician, representing the Liberal party "Venstre". He was elected to the county council of Funen County in 1994 and returned in 1998 and 2001. From 2001 to 2006 he served as chairman of the county's newly created committee of disease prevention. In the Danish municipal elections on 15 November 2005 stood for the new region council of Region of Southern Denmark and was elected, more than tripling his number of votes from the election in 2001.
Bo Libergren is a historian by profession. He has served in several other capacities, including national treasurer of Venstres Ungdom in the early 1990s and chairman of The National Union of Danish School Pupils (in Danish: "Folkeskoleelevernes Landsorganisation" (FLO)) 1984–1986.


Croonaert Wood

Croonaert Wood is a location in the municipality of Heuvelland near Ypres, Belgium. It is a lightly forested area known for the "Bayernwald Trenches" open-air museum located there.
History.
World War I.
In World War I, Croonaert Wood was one of the sites used by German units to defend the area around the Ypres Salient. The Germans built a defensive complex of trenches, dugouts and bunkers on the slightly elevated landscape, from which artillery observers had an excellent view of the ground around Wijtschate and Ypres. The location was called "Bayernwald" by German soldiers due to the fact that the first German soldiers to be stationed there were from Bavaria ("Bayern" in German). The area was the site of extensive mining activity by both German and British units during the war. Before the Battle of Messines, the tunnelling companies of the Royal Engineers placed a large mine around the German strongpoint "Günther", not far from the Bayernwald trenches. It consisted of three chambers ("Hollandscheschur Farm 1, 2, 3") which were loaded with a combined charge of of ammonal. The mine was fired on 7 June 1917 as part of the Mines in the Battle of Messines.
Croonaert today.
Currently, Croonaert Wood is a deciduous forest containing the "Bayernwald Trenches" memorial site.


Moscow Watchdog

The Moscow Watchdog (, tr. ) is a breed of dog that was bred in the Soviet Union. It descends from crosses between the St. Bernard and Caucasian Shepherd Dog. It contains the physical size, attractiveness and intelligence of a St. Bernard and the awareness and assertive traits of a Caucasian Shepherd Dog.
The breed is very large and weight is between 45 and 68 kg (100 and 150 lbs) with a life expectancy of 9-11 years. They are known to be a large powerful breed with a gentle temperament, therefore if it is raised properly with training with discipline, the Moscow Watchdog could fit into any environment and be the perfect protective family pet. Unlike its modern St. Bernard counterparts, the breed needs much vigorous exercise. They do not drool, like many of the other molossers. Until recently, Moscow Watchdogs were uncommon outside of Russia and the former Soviet states; however, they are now becoming more popular in Europe and have recently reached the United States. The first litter of Moscow Watchdogs was born in the US on June 6, 2015. There are currently 27 Moscow Watchdogs living in the United States.
Appearance.
Related to livestock guardian dogs, the Moscow Watchdog, one of the larger dog breeds, stands between 64 and 69 cm (25 and 27 inches) tall and weighs 45 to 68 kg (100 to 150 pounds). They are a muscular dog that has a bulky head and powerful legs. Their coat is thick in a moderate length with the color white and red. Their puffy tail is long enough that it could touch the floor. They are an average shedder and with a well-arched chest, and they generally give an impression of firmness and confidence.
Temperament.
The Moscow Watchdog is fine in temperament, but it requires training and early socialisation with both people and animals. In this relationship, Moscow Watchdog is known to be a gentle giant, assertive and protective to his family when in danger.
Health concern.
The Moscow Watchdog is generally a healthy breed, but still has a risk to be prone to hip dysplasia and other large dog breeds’ problems. Moscow Watchdogs require a fairly large space to move and are not suitable to live in a small apartment. They need regular exercise, such as going for a long walk, jog or run freely at a safe area to stay unstressed and healthy. Regular grooming with a bristle brush and bath or dry shampoo are also necessary.
History.
During the period after World War II, Russia needed thousands of guard dogs due to the rising crime, a breed of dog that could adapt to a very low temperature , snowy environment during winter and to be able to guard nearly everything that was owned by the government, such as warehouses, railroads, labor camps and infrastructure. That was the reason why they started an immense project led by Gen Medvedev. It began in 1946 and lasted a year at the Central School of Military Kynology, a department of the USSR Ministry of Defense. After many years of experiments of crossbreeding purebred dogs, the Moscow Watchdog was one of the most successful breeds from crosses between Caucasian Shepherd Dogs and St. Bernards. It provides the mental and physical aspect that they desired.
In 1986, the first few Moscow watchdogs were brought to Hungary for breeders to help popularize the breed. Future growth was guaranteed by devoted breeders and also the breed owner, Club Karakán. In addition, dozens of breeders from the former Soviet states had also worked with the breed to ensure their existence for the future. At the time, around 500 Moscow Watchdogs could be found in Hungary.
The breed standard was first published in 1985 when it received "official status" in the Soviet Union. In 1992, it was approved by the Federation of the Dog Breeders of Russia and in 1997, by the Department of Animal Breeding and Pedigree of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia. The standard was also approved by the Russian Kennel Club in 1997.
The Russian Kennel Club is working with the International Kennel Federation (FCI) to gain official recognition. Currently, the Moscow Watchdog is considered by the FCI as part of the 2nd group Molosser. In FCI sanctioned dog shows, they are shown in what is referred to as a "Special Show." Inside Russia, they are widely shown and a recognized breed.
External links.
[[Category:Dog breeds originating in Russia]]
[[Category:Dog breeds originating in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Livestock guardian dogs]]


Clifford Cleveland Brooks

Clifford Cleveland Brooks, also known as C. C. Brooks (September 19, 1886 – October 16, 1944), was a Georgia native who served as a Democrat from 1924 to 1932 in the Louisiana State Senate. Brooks represented the delta parishes: Tensas, Madison, East Carroll, and Concordia, a rich farming region along the Mississippi River in eastern Louisiana ranging from Vidalia to Tallulah to Lake Providence. At the time, two state senators served from the four-parish district.
Background.
Brooks was born in Lexington in Oglethrope County in northeastern Georgia, to George Washington Brooks and the former Ida Stokes Briscoe. Brooks was given his middle name to honor U.S. President Grover Cleveland. Brooks graduated in 1908 from the University of Georgia at Athens, where he was active in athletic and fraternal activities. He had planned to study medicine but instead moved west for health reasons and sold real estate in Pauls Valley in Garvin County in southern Oklahoma. Thereafter, he was a cotton broker in Shreveport in far northwestern Louisiana.
Political career.
In 1918, Brooks came to Tensas Parish, where two years later, he purchased the Botany Bay Plantation on Lake Bruin near the parish seat of government of St. Joseph. In the Senate, he was assigned to the Agriculture, Land, and Levees committees. Brooks was also the chairman of the Senate Public Parks and Public Buildings Committee He served alongside Norris C. Williamson of East Carroll Parish, an unwavering conservative and an unyielding critic of Governor Huey Pierce Long, Jr. Williamson retired to private life in 1932, rather than face likely defeat at the hands of the Longites, and his seat passed to Andrew L. Sevier of Tallulah.
Brooks was unseated in his 1932 bid for a third Senate term by the banker Daniel B. Fleming of Ferriday in Concordia Parish. Himself generally anti-Long in the preceding term, Brooks equivocated regarding Longism and disappointed some of his original supporters who felt that he had not stood by his principles. Josiah Scott, editor of the "Tensas Gazette", wrote that Brooks had "a way of 'standing in' with both sides ... keeping posted on all that goes on in the camp of his friends and in the camp of his enemies alike." Scott noted that Brooks had found ways to get policies and programs supported in the delta, such as bridge work, approved despite the general hostility of the Long administration. In December 1931, Brooks appeared at a Long rally in Lake Providence in East Carroll Parish on behalf of Long's chosen successor as governor, O. K. Allen. Brooks endorsed Allen for governor and promised if retained in the Senate to support the Long-Allen agenda over the next four years. Brooks, however, was caught between pro-Long sentiment in the lower delta which coalesced behind Fleming and the conservative planter candidate, Andrew Sevier, in the upper delta. Two seats were at stake; Fleming and Sevier prevailed, with Brooks cast aside for reelection. Emerging pro-Long voters in Brooks' own Tensas Parish even turned to Fleming.
Personal life.
Brooks was affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. In 1915, he married the former Linda Mae Sibley (1890-1976), a native of Bossier Parish, who was residing with her parents in Shreveport. Linda took an active role in civic matters and founded the first Girl Scout troop in St. Joseph. Four years after Brooks' death, Linda married Dr. George Watts Dubuisson, who died in 1952. She continued to operate Botany Bay Plantation after the deaths of both husbands. She died at the since defunct St. Charles Legion Memorial Hospital in Newellton. Both Dubuissons are interred at Legion Memorial Cemetery in Newellton; Clifford Brooks' burial place is unknown.
See also.
Related names in Tensas Parish agriculture:


Quinta da Bica

The Quinta da Bica is a Portuguese quinta located near Seia, in the Beira region. It is the origin of the reputed "Quinta da Bica" wines, which were among the founding wines of the Dão wine region, as well as being among the first wines in Portugal to be estate bottled. The estate's manor, commonly known as "Casa da Bica", is currently the seat of the Viscounts of Sardoal, a cadet branch of the Spanish-Portuguese Sacadura Botte noble family.
Originally a monastery, it was bought in the early 17th century by the Ferraz de Figueiredo family. With the marriage of its 7th lady, D. Margarida Amélia Gonçalves Santiago de Montalvão de Moraes Sarmento Figueiredo e Castro, to João de Azevedo Pacheco Pereira de Sande de Sacadura Botte Côrte-Real, in 1850, and its subsequent inheritance by their second son, it became the seat of a cadet branch of the Sacadura Botte family. Also due to this marriage, the estate benefited from the renowned viticulturist João de Sacadura Botte Côrte-Real's efforts to improve and perfect the quality of the region's wine. Nowadays, it is the only one of Sacadura Botte's former wine estates still owned by the family.
History.
The estate's main house was originally built as a monastery, in the early 16th century. About a century later, it was bought by Filipe Ferraz de Figueiredo, a local landed noble knight, who also owned a manor in the nearby village of Seia. His son, João Ferraz de Figueiredo, bought some of the surrounding land, and his grandson, Manuel Ferraz de Figueiredo, instituted a "majorat", including the main house, its dependencies and the surrounding lands, effectively creating the estate.
Upon Manuel Ferraz de Figueiredo's death, the estate was inherited by Jacinto Ferraz de Figueiredo, his only male heir. However, Jacinto was a priest, and did not leave any children, so the estate was inherited by his sister, D. Maria Teresa de Matos Ferraz, married to Domingos Gonçalves Santiago, a King's Justice and Knight of the Order of Christ. Thus, the estate entered the Gonçalves Santiago family. This family was of Spanish descent, but had been established in the north-eastern region of Chaves for a few generations, their seat being Quinta da Raposeira, near the village of Outeiro Seco.
The coat of arms of the Quinta da Bica is a result of this union: the shield featuring the impaled arms of the Gonçalves and Ferraz families, to which Domingos Gonçalves Santiago and D. Maria Teresa de Matos Ferraz respectively belonged. The marriage produced three surviving children: two sons and a daughter. The eldest, Vicente José Gonçalves Santiago de Figueiredo, followed his father's footsteps and became both a King's Justice and a Knight of the Order of Christ, as well as Lord of Quinta da Bica estate upon the death of his father. It was during his time that, in the midst of the Peninsular War, the main house suffered extensive damage after being set on fire by the French troops, under Marshall Masséna, retreating from their defeat at the Battle of Bussaco, in 1810. More than half of the main house was rendered unusable, and as a result it was subjected to extensive reconstruction work that lasted until the beginning of the 20th century.
Vicente José Gonçalves Santiago de Figueiredo married D. Maria Caetana Madalena Ferreira de Montalvão de Moraes Sarmento e Castro, but their large issue consisted exclusively of daughters. The eldest, D. Ana Amélia Miquelina Gonçalves Santiago de Figueiredo de Moraes Sarmento e Castro, went on to inherit the estate, but never married, so her sister D. Rita Cândida Gonçalves Santiago de Montalvão became her heir presumptive. In an attempt to keep the estate in the family, D. Rita Cândida married her first cousin, José Gonçalves Santiago de Figueiredo, the only son of her father's younger brother, Joaquim José Gonçalves Santiago de Figueiredo, and his wife D. Francisca Teresa Joaquina Correia da Cunha.
This attempt, however, only managed to postpone the changing of families for another generation, as D. Rita Cândida and her husband only had two daughters. The eldest of these was D. Margarida Amélia Gonçalves Santiago de Montalvão de Moraes Sarmento Figueiredo e Castro, who married João de Azevedo Pacheco Pereira de Sande de Sacadura Botte Côrte-Real, Lord of Quinta da Aguieira. João de Sacadura Botte Côrte-Real, as he was most often referred to, was a widely acclaimed viticulturist and winemaker. Contemporary reports called him "the greatest winemaker of these times", "the most enlightened viticulturist of his generation" and the "archetypal patriarch of the rural landed nobility". In his estate of Aguieira he produced some of the finest wines of the Dão Region, which he was partially responsible for creating, as he was the founder of the first "União Vinícola do Dão". He had other estates, both in Portugal and Spain, and produced wine from some of them. The Quinta da Bica estate greatly benefited from this marriage, since it was under João de Sacadura Botte Côrte-Real's auspices that its vineyards were brought to prime condition and its now well-known wine was first commercialized.
Upon his death, his eldest son inherited the main estate and family seat of Quinta da Agueira, whereas Quinta da Bica was inherited by his second son. He was João Pacheco de Sacadura Botte, a King's Justice, whose judicial career was, however, cut short by a crippling throat cancer. He survived, being treated in Germany with state-of-the-art medical care; and managed to communicate thanks to a specially designed silver device which acted as a prosthetic throat, but was unable to continue to serve as a King's Justice in result of the illness' effects. He continued, however, his father's work in both running the estate and wine-making, aided at different times by his three male sons, João, José Maria and Theodorico César.
After King Dom Carlos I of Portugal and his heir apparent, Prince Royal Dom Luís Filipe, Duke of Braganza, were murdered in Lisbon, the estate had its main gates closed and standards lowered in mourning. João Pacheco de Sacadura Botte, at the time lord of the estate, personally knew the deceased king, and had hunted with him on occasion. After the proclamation of the Republic in Portugal, the estate continued flying the flag of the Kingdom of Portugal, as opposed to the new Portuguese Republic's flag, for decades. It also served as headquarters for Sacadura Botte's several unsuccessful campaigns to galvanize the Beira region into supporting attempts to restore the Monarchy.
Genealogy.
Originally bought by Filipe Ferraz de Figueiredo, the Quinta da Bica was only instituted as a "majorat" (or in Portuguese), by his grandson Manuel Ferraz de Figueiredo. Thus, the third "de facto" owner of the estate was, "de jure", its first lord. The estate's rules of succession gave preference to male heirs, as was usual, but, in their absence, did not exclude female heirs. The estate hence passed from the Ferraz de Figueiredo lineage to the Gonçalves Santiago lineage, and later on to the Sacadura Botte lineage, in which it remains to this day.


Chapoutier

Chapoutier, or "Maison M. Chapoutier", is a winery and négociant business situated in Tain-l'Hermitage in the Rhône region in France. Chapoutier produces wine from appellations across the Rhône region, but it is typically their top Hermitage wines, both red and white, that receive the most attention and accolades. Chapoutier's wine labels are distinctive because of their inclusion of Braille writing on all labels since 1996.
History.
The Chapoutier family can trace their history in the Rhône region back to 1808, but it was in 1879 that Polydor Chapoutier bought his first vineyards and started the actual business. In the mid-20th century Max Chapoutier led the business, until his retirement in 1977, after which his sons Michel Chapoutier and Marc Chapoutier took over. Some years later, during the 1980s, quality improved, under Michel Chapoutier's leadership over the vineyards and winemaking facilities. By the late 1980s, Chapoutier had started to receive considerable international attention for the wines' quality.
Vineyards and wines.
Chapoutier produces wines from a range of appellations in northern and southern Rhône, as well as from some Roussillon appellations, and from collaborative projects in Portugal and Australia. The Chapoutier vineyards are all managed to produce biodynamic wines. A further characteristic of Chapoutier is a preference for single-variety wines, also from those appellations where blends are common. Thus, Chapoutier's Côte-Rôties are Syrah only (with no Viognier), the white Hermitages are all Marsanne only (with no Roussanne) and several of the Châteauneuf-du-Papes are Grenache noir only.
The winery's range of Rhône wines are grouped into four quality levels. The two basic levels are referred to as "Découverte" and "Tradition", the intermediate level "Prestige", and the top level "Fac&Spera". Wines at the Fac&Spera level are produced from the appellations Côte-Rôtie, Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage, Saint-Joseph, Cornas, and Châteauneuf-du-Pape. Chapoutier is something of a champion of the white wines from those northern Rhône appellations more known for red wines, and produces many ambitious white wines from such appellations. Of the fifteen wines in the "Fac&Spera" range, ten are red and five white, including one sweet white wine, a Hermitage Vin de Paille.
Braille labeling.
Chapoutier was the first wine producer to introduce braille on its labels, starting in 1994 with the Monier de la Sizeranne Hermitage wine. By 1996 this was expanded to include all wines bottled and sold by the Chapoutier winery. Michel Chapoutier had the idea to include braille on the label after hearing his friend the singer Gilbert Montagné, who is blind, explaining on TV that he would have to take someone with him into the store in order to identify each bottle of wine. The Monier de la Sizeranne vineyard that Chapoutier now owns and makes wine from, was founded by the Sizeranne family and the first and subsequent braille printing on this wine is a tribute to that family and specifically a blind member of the family, Maurice de La Sizeranne who was the founder and president of the French Association for the Blind and also developed an abbreviated version of braille.
The information presented in the braille print includes the producer, the vintage, the vineyard and region as well as the colour of the wine.


Stanley Graham

Eric Stanley George Graham (12 November 1900 – 21 October 1941) was a New Zealander who killed seven people.
Early life.
Graham was born and raised in Kokatahi, New Zealand and, as a child, worked at the Longford Hotel, built in 1902, ten miles from Hokitika, whose proprietor was his father, John Graham. Graham met his wife, Dorothy McCoy, when she moved from Rakaia in the late 1920s to work at the hotel.
They married in Christchurch on 22 December 1930, living there for six months before moving to run a small dairy farm at Kowhitirangi on the West Coast. They were to have a son and a daughter.
Through the late 1930s, Graham maintained reasonably good relations with his neighbours, although he and his wife took little part in social life. By 1940, though, the Graham family was under severe financial pressure, having had cream condemned by the Westland Co-operative Dairy Company and incurred debt from a venture into cattle breeding. As income from his farm dropped, he fell into debt totalling more than £550 (approximately NZ$49,263 in 2015). His behaviour took a turn for the worse, and he began threatening and abusing passing neighbours. Graham and his wife practised target shooting from the back of their home in the middle of the night. Graham was an expert marksman and had an assortment of firearms.
In early 1941, Graham was in a dispute with the police, who wanted his .303 rifle for war use. This was finally handed over on 15 July, but Graham and his wife still held a shotgun and two Winchester rifles, a .22 and a .405.
In September, in Christchurch, Mrs. Graham purchased, on her husband's behalf, a 7mm Mauser rifle and ammunition. This was the weapon Graham used to shoot his victims.
The day of the rampage.
On 4 October 1941, a neighbour of Graham's, Anker Madsen, complained to Constable Edward Best, stationed in nearby Kaniere, that Graham was accusing him of poisoning his cattle. Best decided not to respond in order to give Graham time to calm down.
On 8 October, Graham confronted Madsen with a rifle. Later that morning, Best attempted to discuss the matter with Graham but backed off after Graham pointed two rifles out of a window at him. Best retreated to Hokitika for back-up and returned to the farm with Sergeant William Cooper, 43, and Constables Frederick Jordan, 26, and Percy Tulloch, 35. After a short conversation inside his house, Graham shot and wounded Sergeant Cooper and Constable Best after Sergeant Cooper apparently reached to disarm Graham. He then fired at Constables Jordan and Tulloch as they ran into the house, killing them both instantly with the one bullet. When the badly wounded Cooper attempted to leave to obtain help, Graham shot him dead on the path in front of the house. Best was shot once more after allegedly attempting to plead with him, and died three days later. Graham also fatally wounded a field instructor for the Canterbury education board named George Ridley, who had entered Graham's property to assist any wounded along with an armed local, whom Graham threatened and disarmed.
Graham then fled his house, armed with both of his Winchester rifles, his 7mm Mauser Rifle, the .303 rifle taken from the local who had accompanied George Ridley into Graham's property, and a .32 ACP Colt Revolver stolen from Sergeant Cooper's body.
Manhunt and death.
Returning the next evening to discover three members of the Home Guard in his house, Graham opened fire and killed home guardsmen Richard "Maxie" Coulson and Gregory Hutchison in a gunfight. During that engagement, he was wounded in the right shoulder.
The ensuing manhunt was the biggest in New Zealand history. It was overseen by Commissioner of Police Denis Cummings. More than 100 New Zealand Police and several hundred New Zealand Army and Home Guard personnel searched the area for Graham for 12 days, with orders to shoot on sight if they found Graham armed.
On 10 October, both of Graham's Winchester rifles and 800 rounds of ammunition were discovered. Blood was discovered on one of the rifles, suggesting he had been wounded.
In the next few days, Graham's blood-soaked shirt and the .303 rifle he had stolen earlier were recovered, and after 9 October, he was sighted numerous times by home guardsmen and civilians and, on at least three occasions, was fired upon whilst attempting to return to his home or simply walking in its vicinity. On at least two occasions, cattle on nearby farms were found slashed or shot, and on at least one occasion, a dead heifer was found with meat taken from it.
On 17 October, a farmhouse belonging to Henry Growcott, a childhood friend of Graham's, was broken into and food was taken.
On 20 October, parties of police were positioned around his home, expecting Graham to return to the Growcott farm. In the middle of the night, after being spotted by two police constables and a local civilian carrying his rifle and ammunition belts, an injured Graham was shot by Auckland Constable James D'Arcy Quirke with a .303 rifle from a distance of 25 metres as he crawled through a patch of scrub. After being shot, he was surrounded by almost a hundred police and army personnel, reportedly telling one of them that he "could have shot some more". He died the following morning at approximately 5:25 a.m. at Westland Hospital, Hokitika, the same hospital where Constable Best had succumbed to his injuries. He was buried at Hokitika Cemetery. Constable Quirke reported that Graham told him he was intending to give up that night.
Later that month, the Graham property was burnt to the ground and Mrs Graham and her children left the area.
In popular culture.
There have been several biographical accounts of his life and the murders published since the tragedies occurred.
In 1968 the Australian drama series "Homicide" based episode 180, "Dead or Alive", on the case, with the Graham character being played by Brian Wenzel. Unlike real life, the Graham character is captured alive, with the detectives wondering at the end of the episode whether he would be found insane or sentenced to death.
In 1974 Nightwood Films produced a 26-minute documentary concerning the manhunt. This film is the only audio-visual record of many of the participants' recollections. It was also the first time the large cache of photographs taken during the manhunt by Home Guardsman Dave Stevenson were made public.
A 1981 British-New Zealand film, "Bad Blood", was made about Stanley Graham and his chain of killings, as well as the dimensions of historical context and social injustice involved. Australian actor Jack Thompson played Graham.


Royal Show

The Royal Show, also known as the Royal Agricultural Show, was an annual agricultural show/fair held by the Royal Agricultural Society of England every year from 1839 to 2009. The event encompassed all aspects of farming, food and rural life - from the best of British livestock to the latest business and technological innovations in the farming industry. Over 1,000 stands, world-class livestock and equine classes attracted visitors from over 100 countries.
The Royal Show gave the name Park Royal to the part of west London which once hosted the show. The Royal Agricultural Society of England had planned to make the site a permanent home for the Royal Show. It was not a success and the Society sold the land in 1907. Indirectly, the show also provided the name of the Kansas City Royals baseball team, which was named for that city's American Royal show, named after the Royal Show.
History.
On the road from 1839 to 1902.
Between 1839 and 1902 the Royal Show was held at various locations across the country:
Park Royal from 1903 to 1905.
Following the 1879 event at Queen's Park, which incurred a large financial loss due to bad weather, the Royal Agricultural Society made the decision to look for a permanent showground, in order to reduce costs and make additional income from letting the site for other events. Eventually a site was leased near Twyford Abbey in West London, and given the name Park Royal by the society, a name it continues to bear. The first show was held on the site in 1903.
The attendances at the 1903 show were disappointing, and even worse at the shows in the two following years. By then it was decided that the idea of a permanent show had been a mistake, and that the travelling show should resume. The show grounds were sold for industrial use in 1907.
Stoneleigh Park from 1963 to 2006.
From 1963, the Royal Show was held in Stoneleigh Park (previously known as the National Agricultural Centre or NAC) near Stoneleigh in Warwickshire, England. The first show at Stoneleigh lasted four days and attracted 111,916 visitors.
The 2007 show.
More than 140,000 visitors were expected to attend the 2007 show; however, bad weather forced the show to close early for the first time in its history. Torrential rains left the showground saturated and police and show organisers took the decision to close the show a day ahead of schedule "to ensure the safety and welfare of the public, traders and exhibitors".
Two of the showground's car parks were closed on Monday evening after drivers had to be towed free. A further of barley and hay fields were mown to provide additional parking on the Tuesday.
The decision was described as "heartbreaking" by the Royal Agricultural Society of England. John Moverley, RASE Chief Executive, said the financial implications of the wet weather and closing the show early were being assessed. "We haven’t got exact figures, but it looks as though we are down by about 10% for the first two days on last year," he said.
The end.
The Royal Show was again run at Stoneleigh in 2008. However, on 3 April 2009, organisers said the 2009 show would be the last.
The Agricultural Buildings Show has taken over in part from the Royal Show at Stoneleigh Park.


Mileura Station

Mileura Station is a pastoral lease located in the Mid West region of Western Australia.
Description.
The station occupies an area of approximately and is situated approximately west of Meekatharra. The property adjoins Nookawarra Station.
The station has expanses of mulga, limestone gibber, rocky outcrops, floodplains and river and creek systems.
History.
Mileura Station was established in 1885 by Victorians Henry (Harry) Bowring Walsh (1856-1920) and his younger brother, Frederick Richard Walsh (1861-1938). With financial assistance from their father, Frederick Walsh (1831-1905) of Hawthorn, Victoria the brothers purchased about half (700,000 acres) of Nookawarra Station from the then owner, explorer Frank Wittenoom. The purchase price of ten thousand pounds included 7,000 sheep and 500 head of cattle. The brothers called their new station "Mileura" - the name of the hill from which Wittenoom had surveyed the country in 1875. A stone homestead was erected in 1890; other infrastructure, such as fences, permanent watering points and an eight-stand shearing shed soon followed. The station was held by various members of the brothers' respective families until 1947, when Godfrey Henry (Bill) Walsh, Frederick Richard Walsh's eldest son, became the sole owner. Bill Walsh died prematurely and the station became the property of his wife, Margery Walsh, in 1949. Her son Matcham Walsh took over the management of the station in 1956, becoming sole owner in 1967. At its peak Mileura ran 18,000 Merino sheep and 500 shorthorn cattle. The station was sold in 2004 to Cynthia and Gregory Stoney, who sold all the sheep in favour of increased cattle numbers. They sold it in 2013 to Michael and Anna Tierney.
Science.
During Matcham Walsh's era (1956-2004) Mileura was the site of widespread and on-going scientific research into the ecosystem of the mulga rangeland. This was led by Dr Stephen Davies, PhD, ScD Cantab., head of CSIRO Wildlife Research in Western Australia 1969-1983 and an associate professor of Environmental Biology at Curtin University from 1989. Other scientists to lead research based at Mileura included Professor John Valley of the University of Wisconsin, Maddison USA and Professor Simon Wilde of Curtin University WA, who with their respective teams located and dated the 4.4 billion year old zircons which showed that life might have existed on Earth as much as 800 million years before the oldest known micro-fossil. In 1999 Mileura was selected as a potential site for the international Square Kilometre Array radio-telescope - the largest such project ever undertaken. Extensive radio tests were carried out at Mileura in the years 2000-2005 but in 2006, due to compromised radio quietness in the Mileura area, it was decided to move the site south-west to Boolardy Station.
Indigenous occupation.
In the 1950s Stephen Davies and Matcham Walsh arranged radio carbon-dating of a hearth in a cave in the Ejah Breakaway, about 18 km south/west of the homestead. It placed occupation there as far back as 1100 CE. It seems likely that the cave, well positioned near a water hole and having a panoramic view over the surrounding plains, was once an Aboriginal resting place, or perhaps a ceremonial site. Scratch markings on the ceiling of the cave could be construed as maps of the area. As of 2017 Mileura falls within the Wadjarri Yamatji native title area.