Outer Ring Road (Tianjin)

The Outer Ring Road in Tianjin, China is a city express road, 71.322 kilometres in length, which encircles Tianjin municipality.
Although its distance markers indicate its status as an expressway-grade road, it is not, strictly speaking, an expressway, as it has at-grade crossings, a low speed limit (60 km/h or 80 km/h), and even traffic lights.
The Jinghu, Jinbin, Jingjintang, Baojin and Jinji Expressways are all linked by this ring road. Major China National Highways and roads to Zibo, Tangshan, Wuxi and other nearby localities, as well as to other regions in the municipality, are also linked.


Kheha BTS station

Kheha (, , ) is a BTS Skytrain station, on the Sukhumvit Line in Samut Prakan, Thailand.
Kheha is the eastern terminus of the Sukhumvit Line. It opened on 6 December 2018 as part of the 13-km eastern extension. Rides on the extension were free until 16 April 2019.


National Route 22 (Argentina)

National Route 22 () is a highway located in Argentina, that connects the provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Río Negro and Neuquén in . The route starts at the connection with
National Route 3 (Argentina), at the west of Bahía Blanca and until 2004 the highway end was in Paso de Pino Hachado, on the border with Chile, but currently ends on the connection with National Route 40 (Argentina) in Zapala. The track between Las Lajas and Paso de Pino Hachado is now part of the National Route 242.
The Highway has two lanes, mostly; only the Cipolletti - Plottier track has 4 lanes.


Qiantang River Bridge

The Qiantang River Bridge () is a road and railway bridge across the Qiantang River at Hangzhou in Zhejiang Province, China.
History.
The bridge was designed by Mao Yisheng and built by Dorman Long. Construction, which started on 8 August 1934 was completed on 29 September 1937. It is a two-tier truss bridge with 16 spans and is 1,072 metres long.
On 17 November 1937, during the Battle of Shanghai, the Bridge Construction Office were ordered to make preparations to blow up the bridge to delay the advancing Imperial Japanese Army.


Type 4 40 cm rocket launcher

The was a rocket used by the Imperial Japanese Army in the final stages of World War II.
Development and design.
The Type 4 rocket mortar was developed in the final stages of World War II by the Imperial Japanese Army Technical Bureau, as a relatively low-cost, easy to produce weapon, which had an advantage of greater accuracy over conventional mortars in that it fired a spin-stabilized projectile. The first units were deployed in 1943, and were used in limited numbers in combat during the Battle of Iwo Jima and Battle of Okinawa. Due to its ease of construction, it was produced in limited numbers and distributed to hidden arsenals for use as last-ditch weapons during the projected Allied invasion of the Japanese home islands.
Unlike the Type 4 20 cm rocket, which could be launched from an ordinary pipe or culvert with sufficient diameter, wooden rails, or even directly from a slope in the ground, the Type 4 40 cm rocket required specially designed launch rails.


John Chatterton

John Chatterton (born 1951) is an American wreck diver. Together with Richie Kohler, he was one of the co-hosts for the History Channel’s "Deep Sea Detectives", for 57 episodes of the series. He is also a consultant to the film and television industries and has worked with 20th Century Fox, Paramount Pictures, and CBS.
Before his career in television, Chatterton spent twenty years working as a commercial diver in and around New York City. His first co-host and diving partner from "Deep Sea Detectives", Michael Norwood, died in a diving accident during an expedition to Palau in December 2003.
Career.
The 1991 discovery and subsequent identification of the German submarine U-869, off the coast of New Jersey, has been the subject of several television documentaries including "Hitler’s Lost Sub", a two-hour special for the popular "Nova" series on PBS. The same story was the subject of a book by Robert Kurson called "Shadow Divers". The movie rights have been purchased by 20th Century Fox.
Chatterton was a member of the first technical diving expedition to Ireland and RMS "Lusitania", in 1994. A few years later, at a depth of , he was the first diver to use rebreather diving technology on the wreck of , near the island of Kea in Greece. In 2006, Chatterton re-visited the wreck of "Britannic" in the History Channel documentary "Titanic's Tragic Sister", to try to find out what sank the third Olympic-class ocean liner. He was also the sole American on a British expedition, sponsored by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, seeking the historic shipwreck in the Black Sea off Istanbul. These dives in Turkey were chronicled on the HBO documentary "Struma". In addition, Chatterton has managed to make over 160 dives to the wreck of the .
In August 2005, Chatterton and his partners put together an expedition to the wreck of . They dived the wreck to a depth of approximately in the MIR submersible from the Russian research ship "Akademik Mstislav Keldysh". Their exploration was featured on the History Channel special, "Titanic's Final Moments – Missing Pieces". For the first time Chatterton and Kohler were both in front of, and behind the camera, and produced the program with Kirk Wolfinger.
In 2008, Chatterton and his partner John Mattera discovered and identified the wreck of the "Golden Fleece" off of the North coast of the Dominican Republic. The ship was that of Joseph Bannister, a pirate captain of the late 17th century. The discovery of the "Golden Fleece" was chronicled by Robert Kurson in his 2015 book "Pirate Hunters".
In the fall of 2015, Chatterton was featured on the TV series "The Curse of Oak Island" in an exploratory dive to the bottom of Borehole 10-x, a borehole with a depth of more than 200 feet.
Military service.
In 1970-71, John Chatterton served one twelve-month tour of duty in the Vietnam War as a combat medic in the 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment, 23rd Infantry Division (Americal Division).
Other.
In November 2000, John Chatterton was diagnosed with metastasized squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil, which was thought to be likely a result of his exposure to Agent Orange in Vietnam. By May 2003, after he underwent chemotherapy, the cancer was in remission.
Chatterton is a member of the board of directors for Nanologix Inc., a biotech firm located in Hubbard, Ohio.


Japan National Route 247

National Route 247 is a national highway of Japan connecting Atsuta-ku, Nagoya and Toyohashi in Japan, with a total length of 150.8 km (93.7 mi).


Luigi Gussalli

Luigi Gussalli (1885–1950), engineer and inventor, was a pioneer of motor cars. He turned to astronautics in the 1920s, corresponding with world leaders in this field, such as Oberth and Goddard and exchanging with them theories on interplanetary flight and its prospects. He developed a special double-reaction engine, wrote extensively on multi-stage rockets and published two books on space travel. The first one, in 1923, described a space flight to the Moon, the second one, written in 1946, is even more astonishing in its theme: “Interplanetary travels by means of solar radiations”.
Biography.
Gussalli was born in Bologna (Northern Italy) on Dec. 18, 1885. From his earliest years he evinced a knack for mechanical engineering, building as he was a teenager, mechanical toys, steam-engined model cars and real model aeroplanes capable of flight. Like many astronautic pioneers, he was a keen reader of Science Fiction literature and “in his backyard he experimented with the launching of rockets, single, multiple, loaded with ballast, registering their behaviour in flight, their ascent, more or less straight, and extracting theories from such observations” as his friend Luigi Rossetti reports.
Judging engineering diplomas ‘too much theoretical and mathematical’, he studied physics at Pavia and later at the Glons-Lieges Polytechnic in Belgium where he became an industrial engineer. Around the same years he started patenting inventions on many kinds of transport. During an Air Show in Montechiari, he got acquainted with the most famous flyers of the time, such as Blériot and Ghedi, and took to motor racing. In 1915 he served in World War I as a car driver, and then moved on to the Testing Commission as an engineer.
After World War I he devoted himself entirely to his inventions. In 1923, his book, "Can We Attempt a Space Journey to the Moon?" stirred quite an interest in the media which start comparing his experiences in rocketry to those of the USA scientist Goddard and the French Esnault-Pelterie. In 1930, at the 19th Convention of the Italian Society for the Progress of Sciences, he read his paper on 'Astronautics and Jet Propulsion' and suggested awarding an International Prize for Astronautical Altitude to foster enthusiasm 'towards Astronautics, so little known in Italy'. His suggestion was vetoed by the Scientific Committee of the Convention. The years between the two World Wars were to see an increasingly hostile relationship between Gussalli and the academic world and state institutions: he would often accuse the many scientific committees of shortsightedness, apathy and lack of intuition. These were also the years in which he was in regular correspondence with Goddard and Oberth.
In 1941 he published his second book, 'Jet Propulsion for Astronautics: Reduction of Fuel Consumption Makes Possible Human Navigation in Space' or… Makes Space Exploration a Reality?', suggesting the use of a 'solar engine' as an auxiliary motor. Then he drew plans for a stratospheric airship. Between 1942 and the end of World War II he wrote his last book: 'Interplanetary Travel through Solar Radiations: a Fuel-Free Propulsion System (that needs no fuel) is the Key to Interplanetary Travel'. The book was published in 1946, both in Italian and English, drawing more attention abroad than in Italy. His last writing dates from June 1949. He addressed a letter to the Italian National Center for Research, the historical Accademia dei Lincei and the Italian Society for the Progress of Sciences, underlining analogies between his writings and the experiments being performed in the USA at the time on multiple-stage rockets, spaceships spinning on their axes to create artificial gravity and the development of a solar engine to power spacecraft. This letter, which is regarded as his last will and testament, in scientific terms, ends on a sour note, with him blaming the Italian scientific milieu for its disinterest in his theories. He died on June 23, 1950, at Barbano di Salo' in Northern Italy.
“Can We Attempt a Space Journey to the Moon?”.
In this work, Gussalli advocates using a four-stage rocket, the last stage for landing on the Moon and then flying back to Earth. Astronauts were supposed to travel in a thermically insulated capsule with an air supply system like a submarine. To avoid the sensation of free-falling the capsule would spin on itself and the astronauts would walk on the padded inside walls. The rotation system would make them feel 'as if they were lying in bed in a supine position'. As a propulsion system Gussalli suggested his 'double-reaction engine', consisting in a jet engine equipped with a sort of 'afterburner', i.e. exhaust fumes were diverted by the blades of a turbine powered by another engine, so as to boost its power. The second turbine, according to further research by Gussalli, was to be fuelled electrically, and the electrical power was to be transmitted to the capsule wirelessly from Earth, in order to reduce the paying load of the rocket. This last suggestion is a startling premonition of what is now called 'direct energy transmission', a possibility explored with the aim of realizing 'climbers' on space elevators.
"Interplanetary Travel Exploiting Solar Radiations".
The leading theme of this book sounds even more prophetic: i.e. using solar radiations to push a spaceship into the void. The feasibility of this intuition would be explored by scientists only in the 1990s, half a century later. He called his project right after his name "Gussalli System 1946". The spacecraft looked very much like an airplane fuselage, with a large disc attached to the forward end with vents which could be opened and closed to modulate thrust. As an alternative, Gussalli proposed a large metallic sail, corresponding to the modern concept of a solar sail. But actually in Gussalli's spacecraft, the thrust was not supplied by direct solar pressure 'blowing' the spaceship through space, as is envisaged in contemporary studies on a 'solar sail'. In Gussalli idea, thrust was to be obtained by means of microscopic particles (he called them 'nebular strings') shot into space by another rocket; those particles, boosted by the sun's radiations, would create a 'solar wind' strong enough to propel the spacecraft by striking its sail. The project was rejected as unfeasible by the British Interplanetary Society due to the impossibility of providing the required thrust, as well as by the USA NACA, that pointed out the difficulty of calculating (a) the right size of an efficient sail, (b) the exact amount of the 'dust' to be shot into space, and (c) the dispersion ratio of the particles.
In the same work, Gussalli suggested another innovative method to slow down spaceships on their way back to Earth: the aero-braking, widely used later on in aeronautics and astronautics, well after his time. Such ideas, even allowing for inevitable mistakes and imprecision in a still computer-less age, show beyond any doubt that he had a 360 degree vision of the matter, anticipating in many ways future discoveries and applications.


Taebukpo Ri Airport

Taebukpo Ri Airport is an airport in Pukp'o-ri, Tosan County, Hwanghae-bukto, North Korea.
Facilities.
The airfield has a single grass runway 10/28 measuring 6620 × 282 feet (2018 × 86 m). It is sited in a river plain.


Soestdijk railway station

Soestdijk is a railway station located in Soestdijk, Netherlands. The station was opened on 27 June 1898 on the single track Den Dolder–Baarn railway.
Train services.
The following train services call at Soestdijk:


Karaurgan railway station

Karaurgan is a flag stop near the village of Karaurgan in the Kars Province of Turkey. The Eastern Express services the station, operated by the Turkish State Railways, between Istanbul and Kars.


Ponte Velha do Vouga

Ponte Velha do Vouga is a bridge in Portugal. It is located in Aveiro District and has been collapsed since 2011 due to the lack of maintenance.


Hettlingen railway station

Hettlingen is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Zurich and municipality of Hettlingen. It is located on the Rheinfall line and is served by Zurich S-Bahn lines S12 and S33.
External links.
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Raina railway station

Raina railway station
() is located in Pakistan.


Chittagong Circular Railway

Chittagong Circular Railway or Chittagong Metro Rail is a suburban railway system in the city of Chittagong in Bangladesh to ameliorate the commuters' suffering and improve traffic situation in the city. The construction was complete by February 2013 and it became operational by May the same year. The railway is served by high speed DEMU commuter trains, procured from China.


Dmitry Okhotsimsky

Dmitry Yevgenyevich Okhotsimsky () was a Soviet Russian aerospace engineer and scientist who was the pioneer of space ballistics in the USSR. He wrote fundamental works in applied celestial mechanics, spaceflight dynamics and robotics.
Biography.
Okhotsimsky was born and lived his whole life in Moscow. His father, Yevgeny Pavlovich Okhotsimsky, was an accountant/auditor, his mother a housewife. Okhotsimsky was very attached to his parents and always lived together with them. At the age of fifteen he suffered diphtheria in a hard form and was prohibited from any sports or physical activity. Nevertheless, he showed his whole life remarkable energy and good health, and was actively working until his death at the age of 84.
He entered the Department of Mechanics and Mathematics of the University of Moscow in 1939. When World War II broke, the department was temporarily closed. He participated in the building of defense installations around Moscow, worked at the munitions factory. In 1941 he was conscripted to the Red Army but was dismissed in 1942 for vision problems (severe nearsightedness) and returned to the University.
In 1946 he presented a paper about the optimization of the missile flight, where he was able to find an analytical solution using an original technique of calculus of variations, a precursor in some respects to what was later formulated in a more general form as the Pontryagin maximum principle (from Lev Pontryagin). In 1949 he joined the Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where was working in the department of Applied Mathematics led by Mstislav Keldysh, the future President of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Keldysh was an active member of the think tank behind the space program and his support was instrumental for active integration of Okhotsimsky and his group in space projects. Later the department of Keldysh became a separate institute currently known as the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics and the group of Okhotsimsky became a department in this institute, which he was leading until his death.
Space ballistics.
Since his first student work, Okhotsimsky was interested in analytical and numerical solution of variational problems to which the optimization of space mission can be reduced: how the mission can achieve its target with the minimal total fuel consumption (possibly combined with other criteria and restrictions). Using first Soviet computers (such as Strela computer, he worked with his colleagues to develop new generation of numerical methods and principles of programming. After the launch of the first satellite he published a few papers were the mathematical aspects of the launch and evolution of the orbit were analyzed.
Okhotsimsky's leadership was instrumental in the development within his department of the remarkable group of young talents collectively nicknamed "Keldysh boys". Many of them became well-known, such as Ye. L. Akim, T. M. Yeneyev, A. K. Platonov, V. A. Yegorov, V. A. Sarychev, M. L. Lidov, V. V. Beletsky. Okhotsimsky contributed to the planning of multiple space missions including launches to Moon, Mars and Venus. His analysis of the first failed docking attempts on Soyuz spacecraft helped to quickly find a reason of mechanical instability and develop successful docking techniques. Together with Ye. F. Golubev and Yu. G. Sikharulidze he developed a concept of a dual-entry aerodynamically controlled landing algorithm of a spacecraft where the two-stage entry was used to reduce speed and achieve an accuracy of landing of a few km. He developed the methods on the passive stabilization of satellites using the gravity gradient and the non-sphericity of the tensor of inertia.
Rocket design.
Okhotsimsky's team, along with a group managed by Mikhail Tikhonravov at NII-4, did analysis and optimization of multi-stage rocket designs. Okhotsimsky studied the general problem of how rockets could increase their range by dropping parts of their construction during flight. This included sequential stages and parallel "packet" rockets and schemes involving the pumping of fuel between stages during flight. This led directly to the design of the R-7 missile and the exact proportions of its strap-on booster stages.
Robotics.
In the middle of the 1970s Okhotsimsky became interested in robotics, especially in the modeling and control of insect-like walking. A few successful models of 6-legged walking robots were created including systems with autonomous vision able to climb the stairs and handle complicated terrain. In the work of Okhotsimsky and his school realistic mechanical modeling of the motion was typically combined with sophisticated algorithms adapted to the context of a particular task. He usually advocated a "from the bottom up" approach aimed at first handling particular low-level problems and then moving to assembling a more general setup. He thought that this is the way the nature works in the making of live creatures.
Positions and social activity.
Okhotsimsky combined the talents of a scientist and an administrator. His career was closely linked to the section of Mechanics and Control of the Soviet/Russian Academy of Science, of which he was a deputy-secretary. Parallel to his main work in the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, he was appointed in 1962 a chair of Theoretical Mechanics at the Department of Mathematics and Mechanics at the Moscow State University and performed both functions until his last days. He was always striving to find practical forms of cooperation between the Academy of Science and the University. Until his last days he remained a staunch supporter of the leading role of the Academy of Science as a center of fundamental research in Russia. Okhotsimsky was one of the 5 initiators of the creation of the Department of Control and Applied Mathematics at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.


Circle Bridge

The Circle Bridge (Danish: Cirkelbroen) is a pedestrian bridge spanning the southern mouth of Christianshavn Canal in the Christianshavn area of central Copenhagen, Denmark. It connects Applebys Plads to the south with Christiansbro to the north. The bridge was designed by Olafur Eliasson.
Construction.
The bridge was a gift from the Nordea Foundation. It opened on 22 August 2015.
Description.
The bridge consists of five round decks with masts of different heights. The masts are held up by 118 metal cables, giving the bridge a resemblance to a series of sailing yachts. The form highlights the reverse slope of the bridge's rails, which are made of wood from the Brazilian guariuba tree ("Clarisia racemosa").


Castlefinn railway station

Castlefinn railway station served the village of Castlefin in County Donegal, Ireland.
The station opened on 7 September 1863 on the Finn Valley Railway line from Strabane to Stranorlar.
It closed on 1 January 1960.


Ballymagan railway station

Ballymagan railway station served Ballymagan in County Donegal, Ireland.
The station opened on 1 July 1901 on the Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway line from Londonderry Graving Dock to Carndonagh.
It closed for passengers on 2 December 1935.


XCOR/ULA rocket engine


Gaanderen railway station

Gaanderen is a railway station located in Gaanderen, Netherlands. The station was opened on 10 December 2006 and is located on the Winterswijk–Zevenaar railway. The train services are operated by Arriva.
Bus services.
There is no bus service to and from this station as the station was built at the expense of the bus line through Gaanderen. At the time of creation, locals considered the station unnecessary since Terborg station is just outside Gaanderen. Today, however, buses still run through Gaanderen, namely Line 40 on the Doetinchem Station - Dinxperlo route. The nearest bus stop is Gaanderen, Winkelcentrum, which is 500m away.


Shepetivka railway station

Shepetivka () is a railway hub of the Kozyatyn directory of Southwestern Railways.


Maguo River Bridge

The Maguo River Bridge is a beam bridge in Fumin County, Kunming, Yunnan, China. The bridge is part of the Jiaozishan highway. It has a main span of and sits above the Maguo River below.


Railway trade unions in Australia

Railway Unions in Australia organised labour of railway employees in Australia operated under federal and State awards - this is a partial list of known unions. Many of the unions amalgamated over time, creating a complex trail of ancestry for some of the later unions.
Federal Award unions.
The following unions were based on federal - Australian wide awards
Western Australia.
Some of the following unions were the railway related unions in Western Australia.
Records and archives.
The Noel Butlin Archives Centre at Australian National University is one of the more significant repositories of railway union records in Australia


Foothills Trail

The Foothills Trail is a National Recreation Trail in South and North Carolina, United States, for recreational hiking and backpacking. It extends from Table Rock State Park to Oconee State Park. It passes through the Andrew Pickens Ranger District of the Sumter National Forest, Ellicott Rock Wilderness, Whitewater Falls, and Lake Jocassee.
The U.S. Forest Service built the section in the Sumter National Forest starting in 1968. Duke Power Company built the middle portion of the trail as a recreational resource in conjunction with its Bad Creek pumped storage hydroelectric project. The trail is maintained by the Foothills Trail Conference.


Ford of Europe

Ford of Europe GmbH is a subsidiary company of Ford Motor Company founded in 1967 in Cork, Ireland, with headquarters in Cologne, Germany.
History.
Ford of Europe was founded in 1967 by the merger of Ford of Britain, Ford Germany, and Irish Henry Ford & Son Ltd divisions of the Ford Motor Company. The front-engined Ford Transit range of panel vans launched in 1965, was the first formal co-operation between the two entities, simultaneously developed to replace the German Ford Taunus Transit and the British Ford Thames 400E. Prior to this, the two companies avoided marketing their vehicles in one another's domestic markets, and in much of the rest of western Europe were direct competitors, with totally separate product lines, despite being owned by the same American parent, in a similar manner to General Motors’ Opel and Vauxhall subsidiaries at the same time - indeed GM followed Ford's precedent in the 1970s by merging the operations of Opel and Vauxhall into General Motors Europe. The process took several years to complete, as new model ranges arrived and the older model ranges were gradually phased out. One of the key justifications for keeping separate divisions was to circumvent the high trade tariffs imposed on vehicles being exported between Britain and the European Economic Community, however once the UK joined the bloc in 1973, it made sense to standardise the model ranges throughout Britain and Continental Europe. Crucially merging the two companies' operations and having a common product range would allow Ford to double source cars and components from either British or Continental plants (the Fiesta for example was simultaneously assembled at Dagenham, Valencia and Cologne), something which was especially important due to the fraught industrial relations problems which plagued the British motor industry in the 1970s; and would prove crucial in Ford's ascendancy in the UK market and overtaking the troubled British Leyland.
1967–1973: Cortina and Escort.
The first new model launched after the creation of Ford of Europe was the Escort, built in England from October 1967, and launched to market at the end of that year. The Escort was a rear-wheel drive small family saloon that took the place of the British Anglia range and was built in both Britain and, from 1970, Germany - although it was sold in Germany from the outset. It was first available as a two-door saloon and later in estate, van, and four-door saloon bodystyles. Power came from 950 CC, 1100 CC, and 1300 CC petrol engines. Later there was also a 2000 cc unit which came in the RS2000 performance version and was capable of . It quickly became popular with buyers, outselling in the UK key competitors from BMC (later British Leyland), Vauxhall (Opel in Germany) and the Rootes Group. The Escort would never achieve such dominance in Europe's largest auto market, but nevertheless took significant market share from the Opel and Volkswagen competitors of the time.
Ford Europe's second new car launch was the Capri sporting coupé at the beginning of 1969. Loosely based on Ford UK's rear-wheel drive Mk II Cortina saloon platform, it came with engines ranging from 1300 cc to 3000 cc and was made in Britain and Germany (with a different range of German V4 and V6 engines), and quickly became popular with buyers who wanted something different from BMC's MGB GT and the Rootes Group's Sunbeam Alpine.
August 1970 saw the launch of the British Ford Cortina Mk III and its German cousin, the Taunus (replacing the Taunus 12M & 15M). The British and German models were based on the same platform, but had different sheet metal and used engines from their home countries, though both models could be had with the new German-built 2000cc OHC petrol engine. By 1972 the Cortina was the best-selling car in Britain.
In the spring of 1972, Ford Europe replaced their top of the range models from Britain (Zephyr/Zodiac) and Germany (17M/20M/26M) with the Consul and Granada (large sedan, estate and coupé) which was aimed directly at the Opel Rekord, Rover P6, Audi 100 and Triumph 2000. It quickly outsold its rivals in many countries and in 1973 was the tenth best-selling car in Britain. Like the Capri and Cortina/Taunus models, the early Consuls and Granadas were built in both Britain and Germany, each with a unique range of national engines.
1974–1980: MK 2 Escort and New Fiesta.
A revised Capri II arrived in early 1974, which saw a hatchback replacing the traditional "boot". This was the first time that Ford had produced a car with a hatchback, adopting this new concept which had first been patented by Renault in the mid-1960s.
Ford launched a Ford Escort (Europe) at the start of 1975, with a heavily restyled exterior and more spacious interior, but an almost identical mechanical design. The entry-level 950 cc engine, which was rare in any country, was discontinued.
In 1975, Ford overtook British Leyland (the combine which included Austin, Morris and Rover) as the most popular make of car in the United Kingdom.
1976 saw Ford Europe enter the supermini market with its first ever front-wheel-drive model. The Fiesta MK1 was built at the company's new Valencia plant in Spain (and would also be produced at Dagenham and Cologne), and came with 950 cc, 1100 cc and 1300 cc petrol engines. From 1981, it was available with a 1600 cc unit for the sporty XR2 version. Britain where it launched in early 1977 and most of the rest of Europe took to it straight away and it was quickly among the best-selling cars in most of the continent, fighting off competition from the Volkswagen Polo, Renault 5, Fiat 127, Vauxhall Chevette and Peugeot 104.
1976 also saw the launch of the Cortina MK4 and Taunus, that continued to top the sales charts in Britain and fight off competition from a growing number of equally competent rivals, namely the Vauxhall Cavalier/Opel Ascona and Chrysler Alpine. It would remain in production until 1982, as the last product in the Ford Europe range to feature different model names on different markets.
Ford launched the Mk II Granada range in September 1977. In 1976, all Granada production had been concentrated to Cologne, Germany. The Consul badge was abandoned in 1975.
The Mk III Capri coupé arrived in early 1978. By now Capri production was also concentrated at Cologne.
1980 saw one of the most important car launches in Ford's history. The MK3 Escort went on sale across Britain and Europe in September, with its ultra-modern styling and updated front-wheel drive mechanical layout. It was also available as a hatchback for the first time, with no saloon version on offer until the 1983 launch of the related Orion. The 2000 cc engine was dropped, and the range-topping Escort was now the XR3 which came with a fuel-injected 1600 cc unit.
1981–1989: Breaking new ground.
The 1980s saw a radical change in most of the European Fords, which had begun in September 1980 when the Escort switched to front-wheel drive and a hatchback from the traditional rear-wheel drive saloon.
20 years of Cortina production came to an end in October 1982 with the launch of the new Ford Sierra. The new car retained the traditional rear-wheel-drive chassis, perhaps surprisingly at the time when a front-wheel drive system was becoming almost exclusive in this sector of car. But in place of its predecessor's conventional, square styling was Sierra's ultramodern aerodynamic styling that was way ahead of its time compared to the competition. Initial sales were disappointing, but demand soon increased and the Sierra was Britain's third best-selling car in 1983 – its first full year on sale. It was built in Great Britain and Belgium and sold well just about everywhere it went. Cosworth versions of the Sierra were built from 1986, all of which were capable of . The three-door Sierra hatchback, mostly sold with only a 1.3 petrol engine, was not a popular choice and had been discontinued by the time the Sierra was facelifted in early 1987 when a Sapphire saloon version was launched and the 1.3 engine dropped. The original Sierra Cosworth was the last model in the range to feature a three-door hatchback.
1983 saw the seven-year-old Ford Fiesta receive an updated MK2 version that retained the three-door hatchback bodyshell but smoothed out the previously boxy edges to give it a more modern look. The sporty XR2 version was relaunched and power output was increased, as well as receiving the first five-speed gearbox ever fitted to a Fiesta. Also in 1983, Ford introduced a new four-door saloon to meet the demands of buyers looking for a booted alternative to the Escort and Sierra hatchbacks and estates. The saloon derived version of the Escort was named as the Orion but was aimed more upmarket car than the Escort with no 1.1 litre engined version and initially only GL and Ghia trim levels. It was almost as long as a Sierra and many saw it as a true replacement for the traditional Cortina.
Ford launched another ground-breaking new car in May 1985 with the Granada-replacing Ford Scorpio – although the Granada name was retained in the United Kingdom and Ireland – "Scorpio" being used as a sub-brand for the highest specification models. It was based on a stretched version of Sierra's rear-wheel-drive chassis and was far more modern looking than any other cars in its sector at this time, being similar in appearance to the smaller Sierra. It was also the world's first volume production car to feature anti-lock brakes as standard. High equipment levels, a comfortable interior, and solid build quality ensured that the German-built Scorpio was a success all over Europe, and was voted European Car of the Year for 1986. A saloon version had joined the range by early 1990, as had a 2.9 V6 Cosworth high-performance hatchback while an estate version arrived in early 1992 as it was nearing replacement.
An updated Escort and Orion appeared in March 1986 – often erroneously called the "Mark 4", it featured Scorpio-influenced front-end styling, revised engine options, and an all-new interior.
Production of the Capri coupé ended in December 1986 after 18 years and there was no replacement, as sporting coupés were less popular at this time following the rise in popularity of fast hatchbacks such as the Ford Escort XR3i, Vauxhall Astra GTE, Peugeot 309 GTI and Volkswagen Golf GTI. Ford had proved successful in this sector with faster versions of the Fiesta, Escort, and Sierra.
The third generation Fiesta was launched in March 1989 and the main news of the launch was the long-awaited availability of a five-door version – something that was already available on key rivals like the Austin Metro, Vauxhall Nova, Fiat Uno, SEAT Ibiza and the Peugeot 205. New to the range were the new 1.0 and 1.1 HCS (High Compression Swirl) petrol engines which ran alongside the long-running 1.4 unit. There was also a 1.8 diesel as well as the 1.6 fuel injected XR2i and RS Turbo sports models - the first Fiestas to feature fuel injection. Upmarket Ghia models were the first versions of the Fiesta to feature items such as electric windows and anti-lock brakes.
For much of the 1980s, the Ford Escort was the most popular model of car in the world, and from 1982 to 1989 it was the best-selling new car in the UK every year. Despite a facelift in March 1986, it was started to look a little dated by the end of the decade in the face of newer rivals like the Rover 200, Peugeot 309, Fiat Tipo and Renault 19.
1990–1997: Into the 1990s.
The fifth generation Escort was launched in September 1990, along with the Orion saloon, but the motoring public and press gave it mixed to negative reviews. The car's styling lacked the flair of some rivals and it received mostly negative ratings for ride and handling, while it also retained the engine line-up of the previous models with 1.3, 1.4 & 1.6 petrol units and a 1.8 diesel. The standard Escort models were later joined by the RS2000, XR3i and RS Cosworth performance versions that attracted a much more positive reaction. The RS2000 nameplate had been abandoned back in 1980 and the new version was undoubtedly the best, with its 2.0 16-valve I4 engine and the option of four-wheel drive, as well as its impressive top speed of more than . The RS Cosworth was a turbocharged version of the RS2000 and had a top speed of which helped bolster its fortunes in international rallies.
In spite of this and impressive new models being launched by rival companies Vauxhall and Rover, Ford were still firmly positioned at the top of the British car sales charts in the early 1990s and sold well in virtually all European countries, expanding into Eastern Europe at the beginning of the 1990s following the collapse of communism. They even enlisted the help of Brian May to record a new song – Driven by you – which featured in their new TV advertising campaign for the whole Ford range in the UK.
Ford responded to criticism of the Escort's shortcomings in September 1992 with a minor facelift which saw the introduction of impressive new 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8 Zetec 16-valve units, the latter of which also found its way into the Fiesta RS1800. The Orion also received similar improvements, only for the name to be shelved a year later and the saloon models absorbed into the Escort range. Ride and handling was also improved.
For 1993, Ford introduced a standard driver's airbag on all production models, with many cars also coming with a passenger's airbag as either standard or optional equipment.
February 1993 saw Ford launch a ground-breaking new family car in the shape of the Mondeo – replacement for the Sierra made to rival the newer Opel Vectra/Vauxhall Cavalier, Peugeot 405 and Nissan Primera. Finally making the transition to front-wheel drive, the Mondeo came with an impressive range of new 16-valve Zetec petrol engines as well as a 2.5 V6 that joined the line-up in 1994. It was also one of the first volume production cars to feature an airbag as standard. Hatchback, saloon and estate versions made up the range which won European Car of the Year accolade later the year. 1993 also saw the launch of its first European 4x4 model, the Maverick which was based on the Nissan Terrano II. However, the Maverick was not a strong seller and it was discontinued within five years. 1994 was also the year where Ford regained leadership of the large family car sector market in Britain in terms of sales, as the Vauxhall Cavalier had been the best seller of this size for the previous four years. From 1996 to 2001, Ford also imported its Explorer SUV to Europe from the USA, but like the smaller Spanish built Maverick it was not a strong seller either.
Ford reentered the coupé market in early 1994 with its American-built, Mazda-based Probe. Available with 2.0 16-valve and 2.5 V6 petrol engines, the Probe was well regarded for its handling and performance but failed to sell as well as Ford might have hoped and was withdrawn from Europe three years later. Its American-built replacement, the Ford Cougar, was imported from Europe but was even shorter-lived and less successful in Europe, with imports finishing after just two years. October 1994 saw the launch of the second generation Scorpio which replaced the long-running Granada nameplate in the UK and Ireland and sold with saloon and estate models only, the model quickly gained attention due to its controversial styling which was often criticised in the motoring press.
1995 saw Ford update its Fiesta and Escort ranges to keep them on the pace with the ever-growing number of new rivals that were threatening to decimate Ford's market share. Another new car launch that year was the Galaxy multi-purpose vehicle that was based upon the VW Sharan which quickly went straight to the top of the people carrier sales charts, remaining in production until the launch of an all-new replacement in 2006.
Ford entered the city car market in September 1996 with its oddly-named and oddly-styled Ka, and was beaten into second place in the 1997 European Car of the Year award by the Renault Scenic. It made use of the Fiesta's chassis and 1300 cc petrol engine, which gave it strong handling for such a small car. Going against the appeal were its cramped rear seats and tiny boot, but it managed to sell well for most of its 12-year production run. Around the same time, the Mondeo gained a facelift which saw the exterior styling brought up to date and the seating redesigned to improve space for rear seat passengers.
The Fiesta chassis also spawned the stylish Puma coupé in 1997, which included the Fiesta's floorpan and 1.4 engine as well as its own 1.7 unit. The Puma won plaudits for its styling, handling and performance. Despite its popularity, there was no direct successor when production finished in 2002.
Ford pulled out of the executive car market in 1998 upon the demise of its Scorpio, which had replaced the Granada four years earlier. As well as a Europe-wide transition from mainstream brands to prestige brands during the 1990s, the Scorpio's sales potential was held back by its controversial styling.
1998–2003: New Edge design.
In the late 1990s, Ford adopted a distinctive "New Edge" design on its model range. Some of the cars adopting this eye-catching new look were entirely new, while others were facelifted versions of earlier and more conservative designs.
The end was in sight for the Escort in October 1998 when its distinctively-styled successor, the Focus, went on sale. Its radical design meant that Ford kept the Escort on sale alongside it for two years, the van until 2002, giving buyers a more conventionally-styled alternative, perhaps in fear of a repeat of the controversy it had faced some 15 years earlier when the Sierra was first on sale. But Ford need not have worried about the public's reaction to the new Focus, which was European Car of the Year for 1999 and one of the best-selling cars in the continent. At the height of its production, there was a new Ford Focus coming off a production line at an average of one every 12 seconds (Saarlouis, Germany; Valencia, Spain; Wayne, Michigan USA; Hermosillo, Mexico). However, the Focus was never built in Britain.
1998 also saw the launch of the Probe's replacement: the Cougar. Like its predecessor, the Cougar was built in America and used 2.0 and 2.5 petrol engines. Unlike its predecessor, it was based on the front-wheel-drive chassis of the Mondeo. It was very spacious for a coupé and offered superb road-holding and cruising ability. Sales were relatively low in Europe and it was dropped in Europe after 2000, with sales limited to its home market.
In 1999 Ford's European headquarters relocated from Brentwood in England to its current (2019) location in Cologne, Germany. It was from the adjacent Cologne factory that the 30 millionth Ford, a Fiesta, emerged from the production line on 19 November 1999. The aging Fiesta received its second facelift in the autumn of 1999 and continued to attract huge sales thanks to its excellent ride and handling that disguised its age well. The interior was, by now, one of the smartest in the supermini sector, though interior space – particularly in the back – was far from the best. This shortcoming was solved in Spring 2002 when the all-new Fiesta went on sale. This new Fiesta was to be built at Ford Cologne and Ford Valencia, each plant producing one Fiesta every 27 seconds. This also marked the end of Ford passenger car production in the UK after some 90 years, though commercial vehicles continued to be produced at Dagenham alongside the engine assembly for the passenger vehicles. In addition, Ford's Halewood plant was converted for Jaguar X-Type assembly in 2001. Ford also continued to build vans at its Southampton plant until relocating production to Turkey in 2013.
The Ford Mondeo was relaunched in an all-new version in late 2000 and was pipped for the European Car of the Year award by the Alfa Romeo 147. The new Mondeo was more competitively priced than its predecessor, but its real strengths were its excellent accommodation and driving experience which put it back on top of the large family car sector. Although demand for cars of this size dipped slightly across Europe during the 2000s (decade), the Mondeo remained Britain's most popular large family car until 2007, when it was outsold by the facelifted Vauxhall Vectra.
The Maverick returned in late 2000, this time being a rebadged US-market Escape which launched in the same year, but sales were slow and was axed after 4 years.
The demise of the Puma in 2002 left Ford without a competitor in the coupé sector once more while the Focus ST170 which launched at that time could be seen as an indirect successor.
Ford entered the expanding compact MPV market in late 2003 with the Ford Focus C-Max, which was – unusually – the first car on the platform that would spawn the next generation Focus hatchback a year later. 2003 also saw a convertible version of the Ka launched as the StreetKa alongside a facelifted Mondeo.
2004–2011: Kinetic Design.
The second generation Focus hatchback, saloon and estate ranges went on sale in late 2004, picking up where the old model left off. Excellent ride and handling, good equipment levels, solid build quality and a comfortable interior all won praise for those who experienced the new car. The only major criticism of the Focus was its unoriginal style which differed little from that of its predecessor. It remained one of the most popular cars in Europe during a production life which lasted more than six years.
2006 saw Ford launch two new people carriers – the S-MAX and the Ford Galaxy MK2. Both cars used the same underpinnings, but the S-MAX was a cheaper and sportier alternative to the more upmarket and practical Galaxy. The S-MAX then became the first full-size people carrier to be voted European Car of the Year.
Ford launched the third generation Mondeo in May 2007 and new versions of the Fiesta and Ka in late 2008.
4 years after the Maverick was axed, Ford returned to the 4x4 market in early 2008 with the Focus-based Kuga.
In 2005, Ford celebrated its 30th anniversary as Britain's most popular car brand. The Focus was the country's top-selling car, while the Fiesta occupied fifth place and the Mondeo ninth. In spite of this, the gap between Ford and its competitors was about as narrow as it had ever been, with Vauxhall and Renault just a short margin behind Ford in sales figures.
In 2008, Ford acquired a majority stake in Automobile Craiova, Romania. The Ford Transit Connect was Ford's first model produced in Craiova, followed in 2012 by the new Fiesta-based MPV B-Max and the small displacement engine 1.0-litre EcoBoost.
2011–present: One Ford.
The first major car launch by Ford under the new "One Ford" policy for the 2010s was the third generation Focus in the spring of 2011. For Europe, the Focus featured a lesser model range than its predecessors, with only a five-door hatchback and five-door estate being sold there were no saloon or three-door hatchback versions although the former bodystyle was sold in some European nations. The larger Mondeo had been facelifted the previous autumn but this did little to halt dwindling sales over the next three years. Early 2013 saw the launch of a new-generation Kuga.
In 2013, Ford announced that it would close three of its factories in Europe: two of them in the UK, the Southampton facility (manufacturing the Ford Transit van) and the associated stamping facility in Dagenham in mid-2013; and the Genk, Belgium major car plant (producing the Mondeo and the Galaxy and S-Max MPV's) by the end of 2014. This amounted for 1,400 and 4,300 job cuts respectively, in an attempt by the company to stem losses in Europe on the background of a declining market.
After several delays and moving production to Valencia, Ford eventually launched a new-generation Mondeo in late 2014 which was based upon the US-market Fusion; around the same time, a facelifted Focus went on sale, as did a new small SUV, the EcoSport.
2015 saw new versions of the S-Max & Galaxy MPV's launch which are again based on the Mondeo while the facelifted C-Max also launched.
In 2016, Ford once again returned to the coupe market with the US-sourced Mustang which would also be sold in RHD in the UK for the first time while the Edge crossover also joined the European line-up.
In late 2016, 20 years after the original launched, Ford relaunched the Ka as the Ka+ which would now be a five-door hatchback made in India but hasn't enjoyed the popularity of the original car. Around the same time, a facelifted Kuga launched.
2017 saw the big-selling Fiesta enter its seventh-generation. It retained the dimensions of its predecessor but with new styling and more new features than ever before while new additions to the range includes an upmarket Vignale version as well as an SUV-inspired version called the Active.
20 years after the original model launched, Ford's big-selling Focus entered its fourth-generation with all-new styling and being better to drive than its predecessor and like the smaller Fiesta also saw Vignale & Active models join the line-up.
Trucks.
The Commercial vehicles arm of Ford of Britain, was part of the operation until it was sold to Fiat's Iveco division in 1986. Its last significant models under Ford ownership were the Transcontinental and the Cargo. Ford has planned to build the European version F-Series pick-up trucks in Germany for the European market.
Tractors.
The Production of tractors in Europe by Ford has ceased following the sale of the division to Fiat in 1993 and the name changed from "Ford New Holland" to "New Holland". New Holland Ag is now part of CNH Global. Tractor production had been based at the Antwerp (now only builds drivelines) and Basildon factories.
Models.
Current model range.
The following tables list Ford production vehicles that are sold in Europe as of 2020:
ST models.
Ford produce high-performance derivatives of their cars developed by their Ford Team RS division.
European Car of the Year.
Ford has produced five winners of the European Car of the Year competition:
Shortlisted models.
Several models have been shortlisted, including the:


Flight 304

Flight 304 may refer to:


Waterloo (Charleroi Metro)

Waterloo is a Charleroi Metro station, located at the northern end of Charleroi downtown, in fare zone 1.
The station has 3 street entrances (two on each side of the "Jules Hénin Avenue", one on the "Jules Hiérnaux Square"), leading to the lowest level. Platforms are located on the upper level and are accessible through escalators and stairs.
The station has one lateral platform which is currently not used (and not connected to any tram tracks). All current lines use a central platform. Waterloo is also the starting point of the built but unused "Centenaire" line.
Starting from Waterloo is a short track section running to the North and surfacing north of the "Jules Hiérnaux Square", which would have been the starting point of pre-metro lines to Lodelinsart and Gosselies on one side, and Ransart and Heppignies on the other side.
On the initial project plan for the Charleroi Pre-metro, the Waterloo station was called "Nord" (French for North).
Transfers.
TEC Charleroi bus lines 4, 37, 71, 74, 722 and City-Bus.


Flight 6

Flight 6 or Flight 006 may refer to:


Copse Lock

Copse Lock is a lock on the Kennet and Avon Canal, between Kintbury and Newbury, Berkshire, England.
The lock has a rise/fall of 6 ft 0 in (1.82 m).


Lubny railway station

Lubny railway station () is a railway station in the Ukrainian city Lubny.


Nanjing Dinghuaimen Yangtze River Tunnel

The Nanjing Dinghuaimen Yangtze River Tunnel, was Nanjing Yangzijiang Tunnel, is a set of two tunnels under the Yangtze River in Nanjing, China. The tunnel connects the Gulou District to Jiangbei New District in the city of Nanjing. Construction of the tunnels began in 2010. The tunnel broke through in 2015 and was opened in 1 Jan 2016. The tunnel has renamed on 20 December 2019.


Anping Old Street

Anping Old Street () or Yanping Street is a historic street in Anping District, Tainan, Taiwan. It is the oldest street in Tainan.
History.
The street is the first merchant street established in Tainan.
Architecture.
The street passes through various shops and food stalls.


Fredrikstad Bridge

The Fredrikstad Bridge is an arch bridge in the city of Fredrikstad in Viken county, Norway. It crosses the river Glomma, and connects the western and eastern parts of the city. The bridge is 824 metres long, with a main span of 196 metres. The sailing height is 39,5 metres. The bridge was opened August 18, 1957, by the then crown prince Olav.


Port of Depapre

Port of Depapre is an under-construction container and bulk cargo seaport in Jayapura Regency, Papua, Indonesia. The port located in Tanahmerah Bay, directly facing the Pacific Ocean in the north. The port is being planned to replace the old Port of Jayapura, located 30 km to the east. The port is also located about 27 km west of Sentani, the regencial capital of Jayapura Regency, and 60 km west of Jayapura, the provincial capital of Papua.


National Highway 36 (Myanmar)

National Road 36 or State Highway 36 is a road of northeastern Burma.
The highway is fed by the National Highway 31 from the south at Mansi at and goes in an easterly direction until it skirts the Chinese border and joins National Highway 3 coming from the south
at Muse at .


Majori Station

Majori Station is a railway station on the Torņakalns – Tukums II Railway in the Majori neighbourhood of Jūrmala, Latvia.


Vinzaglio (Turin Metro)

Vinzaglio is a Turin Metro station, located near the intersection between Corso Vinzaglio, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II and Corso Duca degli Abruzzi. It was part of the Line 1 extension from XVIII Dicembre to Porta Nuova opened on 5 October 2007.
The platforms feature decals by Ugo Nespolo, depicting historic moments of the Risorgimento, such as the Battle of Vinzaglio (1859).


Insein Road

Insein Road () is a major thoroughfare of Yangon, Burma. It connects the centre to the northern part of the city and passes Insein Township. Many universities are located along this road.


Racconigi (Turin Metro)

Racconigi is a Turin Metro station, located in Corso Francia near the intersection between Corso Racconigi and Corso Svizzera. The station was opened on 4 February 2006 as the western terminus of the inaugural section of Turin Metro, between Fermi and XVIII Dicembre.
The platforms feature decals by Ugo Nespolo, depicting Racconigi Castle.


Protasiv Yar railway station

Protasiv Yar () is a railway stop that is located in Kyiv, Ukraine. It is part of the Kyiv transportation hub (Southwestern Railways).
The stop was created in 1954 during the electrification of a segment Kyiv-Pasazhyrsky - Brovary.
Among the services provided at the station is only embarkment and disembarkment of passengers for commuter and regional lines. There is no loading and unloading of luggage.
!Previous station!!!!Operator!!!!Next Station


State Highway 3 (Kerala)

State Highway 3 (SH 3) is a State Highway in Kerala, India that starts at Nedumangad Toll junction and ends at the Kadukkara near Kerala - Tamilnadu Boarder. The highway is 37.5 km long. This was part of hitherto existed Aralvaimozhi - Nedumangad royal state highway of Travancore. Now a part of it is in Kerala and another in Tamilnadu. The road runs almost parallel to Western Ghats till the Aralvaimozhi pass.
The stretch of this highway from Anappara near Vellarada till Nedumangad is now part of Hill Highway (Kerala). This highway connects tourist destinations such as Koickal Palace Nedumangadu, Neyyar Dam, Neyyar Safari Park, Dravyappara, Thekkan Kurishumala, Elephant Rehabilitation Center Kottur and Chittar Dam.
This road is called as Nedumangad- Shorlacode Road by local people. Shorlacode is a small village near Kulasekaram nearby Perunchani Dam. These days people call it as "Surulacode" or "Churulakode."
The Route Map.
Nedumangad Toll Junction - Aryanadu Kuttichal Junction - Kallikadu Junction- Kudappanamoodu Junction - Kathipara Junction - Kadukkara - State boundary.
This road continues as State Highway 45 of Tamilnadu for another 48 km from Netta border (Kadukkara) of Tamilnadu via Thirparappu - Kulasekaram - Boothapandi to Aralvaimozhi.


Flight 66

Flight 66 may refer to the following aviation accidents:


Melissiatika railway station

Melissiatika railway station () is a suburban railway station in Volos in Thessaly, Greece. The station opened in 1960, thus is the only station on the Larissa-Volos railway built after the opening of the line and the Thessaly Railways was absorbed by the Hellenic State Railways. It is served by local trains between Larissa and Volos.
Facilities.
The station is little more than a halt, with a single platform and brick shelter with a ticket office (closed). There are no facilities at the station, apart from 2 benches and a (doorless) shelter.
Services.
The station was served by direct lines to the rest of Greece, via Larissa and is directly linked with Athens once per day, with Thessaloniki twice per day, and with Larissa 15 times a day. , passenger service has been suspended.


Flight 655


Alicia (submarine)

Alicia (Marlin Submarines AP6) is a 6-seater submarine designed and built by Marlin Submarines of Plymouth, England. Designed for research and tourism to depths of up to , "Alicia" offers passengers unparalleled views by having a forward section constructed of transparent acrylic spherical sections made by Stanley Plastics.
The submarine is owned by Steven F. SmithJr., and currently undergoing an overhaul.
Alicia was pressure tested down to (required is ). The budget was US$1.5 million and the final cost ended at US$2 million. The dive angle is at least partially accomplished with the battery holder of sliding back and forward on rails.
Visibility.
The passenger section of the pressure hull consists of two intersecting transparent acrylic spheres, inside diameter and thick. The passengers and crew are treated to a spectacular all round view previously enjoyed only from the most advanced research submersibles.
The vessel is the first ever to employ this twin sphere geometry. The craft is a 30% larger version of the US Submarines "Discovery" design concept, also created by Marlin Submarines in 1995, prior to the Alicia's development. "Discovery" is just inside diameter to reduce the crane weight. The passenger section of the "Alicia", at inside diameter, has just over twice the volume.
The acrylic sphere, (the viewing area) was produced by Stanley Plastics Ltd, West Sussex .
Diesel-Electric versatility.
The diesel-electric configuration of the "Alicia" allows the submarine to be placed on station at the dive site relatively rapidly, without the need for a large towing vessel and without eating into battery reserves. In addition it is possible to charge the air banks (used to "blow" the main ballast tanks) when under way on the surface, saving on maintenance time at the dock. Charging the main battery using the diesel engine to drive the main motor as a generator is also possible. The next generation will use the same rare-earth motor technology as S201. The motor will take the full power from the diesel generator set and like S201, drives the prop without the need for a reduction gear.
Vessel status.
Commanded by Richard Dawson, one of the design team, the "Alicia", AP6 prototype successfully completed sea trials in 2004. These started in No. 2 Basin in Devonport Dockyard and then continued in open water South of Plymouth Breakwater. 25 dives were successfully completed. The test dives reached 180 feet with the surveyor on board. The vessel proved very easy to control and could be hovered a few inches above the seabed. At slow speed a great variety of sea life could be observed. A final dive took a World War 2 U-Boat veteran to visit the last ship he had sunk, the James Egan Lane. The submarine is now in the US.
The new P7.
Future Marlin Submarines vessels in the series will offer improvements over the original design, whilst retaining the advantages of the "Alicia" (Marlin Submarines AP6 concept). The new P7 design has 25% more cabin volume without increasing the overall displacement. The spheres are larger inside diameter and the included angle of the acrylic has been increased. The result is more headroom and a cabin longer. Subtle changes have also been made to the structure to improve the view even further.


Encons Aqueduct

The Encons Aqueduct () is one of several aqueducts on the Canal du Midi. It carries the canal over a small stream, the Ruisseau des Maïs.


Jalan FELDA Kampung Awah

Jalan FELDA Kampung Awah, Federal Route 1527, is a main federal road in Bandar Pusat Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia.
At most sections, the Federal Route 1527 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.


Romena Rollana (Kyiv Light Rail)

Romena Rollana () is a station on the Kyiv Light Rail. It was opened in 1977.


Kampen Zuid railway station

Kampen Zuid is a railway station in the Netherlands, located on the Lelystad–Zwolle railway, also known as the Hanzelijn. The station is located in the south of Kampen, Overijssel.
The station opened on 9 December 2012, with there being 2 platforms and 2 tracks. InterCity trains from The Hague and to and pass through the station on the middle tracks.
Earlier station.
Between 1 October 1913 and 15 May 1934 there also was a station called Kampen Zuid. This was at the end of the Kampen–Hattem railway line, which connected with the Zwolle–Apeldoorn railway line in Hattem.
Train services.
, the following train services call at this station:


Bari Santo Spirito railway station

Bari Santo Spirito () is a railway station in the Italian town of Santo Spirito, in the Province of Bari, Apulia. The station lies on the Adriatic Railway (Ancona–Lecce). The train services are operated by Trenitalia.
Train services.
The station is served by the following service(s):
External links.
"This article is based upon a translation of the as at May 2014."
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BR-304

BR-304 is a Brazilian federal highway that begins in Beberibe, Ceará and ends in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. The highway also serves the municipalities of Aracati in Ceará and Mossoró, Lajes and Parnamirim in Rio Grande do Norte.


Acquaviva delle Fonti railway station

Acquaviva delle Fonti is a railway station in Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy. The station is located on the Bari–Taranto railway. The train services are operated by Trenitalia.
Train services.
The station is served by the following service(s):


On Any Sunday

On Any Sunday is a 1971 American documentary film about motorcycle sport, directed by Bruce Brown. It was nominated for a 1972 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. Brown tried to show the unique talents needed for the different forms of racing. For instance, the motocross riders were typically free-spirited types, while desert racers were often loners. In Grand National racing, Brown showed widely differing personalities, such as the business-like approach to racing displayed by Mert Lawwill versus the carefree approach that David Aldana became known for.
In addition to Lawwill, Steve McQueen is featured in the film, along with Malcolm Smith and many other motorcycle racers from the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Motorcycle brands featured in the film include Triumph, Montesa, Husqvarna, Harley Davidson, Honda, Yamaha, Suzuki, BSA, CZ, Bultaco, and Hodaka.
Production.
The film was financially backed, in part, by McQueen through his "Solar Productions company", which received credit in the final seconds of the film. Some of the more dramatic shots were extreme closeup slow-motion segments of the Grand National races. From his surfing movie days, Brown was used to working with super telephoto lenses. The budget didn't allow the expense of high-speed cameras, so Brown improvised by using 24-volt batteries in the 12-volt film cameras. The result was a makeshift high-speed camera. Brown also used a helmet camera on some of the riders, which had not been widely attempted previously due to the bulk of film cameras of the day.
Regarding his filming method, Brown said:
At times I'd have a particular shot in mind. For example, I wanted to shoot a muddy motocross race and show the riders with mud all over them. First you have to be at a motocross race when it rains, then you have to find a good location to shoot. We tried and tried to get a shot with a rider caked with mud. We finally did get the shot, but for a while it seemed like we never would.
At one point, Brown found a perfect location for a sunset beach riding shot—Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton.
I figured there would be no way to get approval to film on the Marine base," Brown recalls. "Steve McQueen said he'd see what he could find out. The next day he called and was told to contact some General and the next thing you know we are shooting the beach sequences. It was pretty amazing the doors he was able to open.
Critical reception.
"On Any Sunday" is often credited as the best and/or most important motorcycle documentary ever made." Roger Ebert says it "does for motorcycle racing what "The Endless Summer" did for surfing". Ebert praises the film's high level of artistry in accomplishing the impressive footage of motorcycle races (which he says are difficult to film), and he also credits the film for not bothering viewers with the technical details of how the filming was done.
Impact.
During the opening sequence, children are seen riding their bicycles on a dirt track, in imitation of motorcyclists. Thanks to this scene, "On Any Sunday" is thought to have popularized BMX biking across America; previously it had only been observed in Southern California. Brown himself also believed the film changed public perception of motorcycle racers as "bad guys" (as depicted in popular films like "The Wild One") to popular heroes.
Malcolm Smith credits his appearance in "On Any Sunday" with giving him the worldwide recognition that enabled him to become a leading entrepreneur in the off-road motorcycling business.
Several follow-ups to the film were produced:


Guarulhos-CECAP (CPTM)

Guarulhos-CECAP is a train station on CPTM Line 13-Jade, located in the district of Cecap in Guarulhos. It is located by the Km 3 of Rodovia Hélio Smidt, next to Parque Cecap. It has connection with Guarulhos Road Terminal.
Characteristics.
Elevated station with connection mezzanine in the lower level and island platform in the upper level, structure of the station in apparent concrete, and structure of the cover in metallic alloys. The main access in through a catwalk with connects the station to the Guarulhos Road Terminal and EMTU Metropolitan Corridor. It has capacity for 70,000 passengers per day.


Illinois and Michigan Canal

The Illinois and Michigan Canal connected the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico. In Illinois, it ran from the Chicago River in Bridgeport, Chicago to the Illinois River at LaSalle-Peru. The canal crossed the Chicago Portage, and helped establish Chicago as the transportation hub of the United States, before the railroad era. It was opened in 1848. Its function was largely replaced by the wider and shorter Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal in 1900, and it ceased transportation operations with the completion of the Illinois Waterway in 1933.
Illinois and Michigan Canal Locks and Towpath, a collection of eight engineering structures and segments of the canal between Lockport and LaSalle-Peru, was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1964.
Portions of the canal have been filled in. Much of the former canal, near the Heritage Corridor transit line, has been preserved as part of the Illinois and Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor.
Significance.
Canals, in the 1800s, were important modes of transportation. The Illinois and Michigan Canal connected the Mississippi Basin to the Great Lakes Basin. The canal influenced Illinois's north border. The Erie Canal and the Illinois and Michigan Canal cemented cultural and trade ties to the Northeast rather than the South. Before the canal, farming in the region was limited to subsistence farming. The canal made agriculture in northern Illinois profitable, opening up connections to eastern markets.
History.
Conception.
The first known Europeans to travel the area, Father Marquette and Louis Joliet went through the Chicago Portage on their return trip. Joliet remarked that with a canal they could remove the need to portage and the French could create an empire spanning the continent.
The first quantitative survey of the portage was performed in 1816 by Stephen H. Long. It was on the basis of these measurements that he was able to make a specific proposal for a canal.
With several slave states recently admitted to the Union, Nathaniel Pope and Ninian Edwards saw the opportunity to make Illinois a state. They proposed moving the border northward from the southern tip of Lake Michigan to allow the canal to be within a single state. They believed that the canal would firmly align Illinois with the free states and so Congress granted them statehood even though Illinois did not meet the population requirements.
Construction.
In 1824, Samuel D. Lockwood, one of the first commissioners of the canal, was given the authorization to hire contractors to survey a route for the canal to follow.
Construction on the canal began in 1836, although it was stopped for several years due to an Illinois state financial crisis related to the Panic of 1837. The Canal Commission had a grant of of federal land which it sold at to finance the construction. Still, money had to be borrowed from eastern U.S. and British investors to finish the canal.
Most of the canal work was done by Irish immigrants who previously worked on the Erie Canal. The work was considered dangerous and many workers died, although no official records exist to indicate how many. The Irish immigrants who toiled to build the canal were often derided as a sub-class and were treated very poorly by other citizens of the city.
The canal was finished in 1848 at a total cost of $6,170,226. Chicago Mayor James Hutchinson Woodworth presided over the opening ceremony. Pumps were used to draw water to fill the canal near Chicago, which was soon supplemented by water from the Calumet Feeder Canal. The feeder was supplied by water from the Calumet River and originated in Blue Island, Il. The DuPage River provided water farther south. In 1871 the canal was deepened to speed up the current and to improve sewage disposal.
Completion.
The canal was eventually wide and deep, with towpaths constructed along each edge to permit mules to be harnessed to tow barges along the canal. Towns were planned out along the path of the canal spaced at intervals corresponding to the length that the mules could haul the barges. It had seventeen locks and four aqueducts to cover the height difference between Lake Michigan and the Illinois River. From 1848 to 1852 the canal was a popular passenger route, but passenger service ended in 1853 with the opening of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad that ran parallel to the canal. The canal had its peak shipping year in 1882 and remained in use until 1933.
Experiencing a remarkable recovery from the devastating Great Chicago Fire of 1871, Chicago rebuilt rapidly along the shores of the Chicago River. The river was especially important to the development of the city since all wastes from houses, farms, the stockyards, and other industries could be dumped into the river and carried out into Lake Michigan.
Decline and replacement.
The lake, however, was also the source of drinking water. During a tremendous storm in 1885, the rainfall washed refuse from the river, especially from the highly polluted Bubbly Creek, far out into the lake (the city water intakes are located offshore). Although no epidemics occurred, the Chicago Sanitary District (now The Metropolitan Water Reclamation District) was created by the Illinois legislature in 1889 in response to this close call.
This new agency devised a plan to construct channels and canals to reverse the flow of the rivers away from Lake Michigan and divert the contaminated water downstream where it could be diluted as it flowed into the Des Plaines River and eventually the Mississippi.
In 1892, the direction of part of the Chicago River was reversed by the Army Corps of Engineers with the result that the river and much of Chicago's sewage flowed into the canal instead of into Lake Michigan. The complete reversal of the river's flow was accomplished when the Sanitary and Ship Canal was opened in 1900.
It was replaced in 1933 by the Illinois Waterway, which remains in use.
Rejuvenation.
The actual origin site of the Illinois and Michigan Canal has been converted into a nature park that integrates history, ecology and art to communicate the Canal's importance in the development of Chicago. In 2003 the Chicago Park District - in cooperation with the I & M Canal Association, hired Conservation Design Forum to develop plans to convert the brownfield site into a landscape that provided for passive recreational uses in a landscape setting with native plant species. Interpretive panels built into a wall along a bike trail were designed by local high school art students. also consulted on landscape stabilization techniques to repair a significantly degraded shoreline (water levels can fluctuate as much as 5 feet).
Today much of the canal is a long, thin linear park with canoeing and a hiking and biking trail (constructed on the alignment of the mule tow paths). It also includes museums and historical canal buildings. It was designated the first National Heritage Corridor by US Congress in 1984.
Adjacent communities.
Many towns in Northern Illinois owe their existence directly to the Illinois and Michigan Canal. Lockport, Morris, Ottawa, and LaSalle were platted by the Canal Commissioners to raise funds for the canal's construction. From east to west the towns along the path of the canal include:


Air Canada Pilots Association

Air Canada Pilots Association is a Canadian labour union that represents pilots at Air Canada and Air Canada Rouge.
ACPA was formed when the pilots of Air Canada voted to leave The Canadian Airline Pilot Association in a vote tabulated 09 Nov 1995. 94.8% of eligible voters resoundingly rejected CALPA giving 1146 votes to ACPA and 366 votes to CALPA. Contract negotiations commenced with Air Canada immediately.


Shih-Ying Lee

Shih-Ying Lee or S. Y. Lee (; April 30, 1918 – July 2, 2018) was an American inventor, engineer and physicist who was noted for his research and innovation in hydrodynamics-related technologies. Lee was also an entrepreneur and Professor Emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Biography.
Lee was born in 1918 in Beijing, Republic of China. Lee attended Tsinghua University in 1936, obtained his bachelor's degree in civil engineering in 1940. Lee worked as a teaching assistant at Tsinghua for nearly two years and went to study in the United States in 1942. Lee obtained his PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1945.
After graduation, Lee soon taught engineering at MIT; and was promoted from teaching assistant to full professor and finally Professor Emeritus after his retirement in 1974.
In 1985, Lee was elected Member of the United States National Academy of Engineering for his "original research on control valve stability, for innovative dynamic measurement instrumentation, and for successful entrepreneurial commercialization of his inventions". Lee has been granted many US patents.
Lee founded or co-founded several companies specialized in process control and hydrodynamic instruments. Lee co-founded Dynisco Inc. and Setra Systems Inc. with his brother Y. T. Li and was Chairman of the company. He donated funds to establish the Shih-Ying Lee Scholarship at Tsinghua. He died in July 2018 at the age of 100.


Heemskerk railway station

Heemskerk railway station is located in Heemskerk, Netherlands. The station opened 1 June 1969 on the Haarlem–Uitgeest railway. The station has 2 platforms.
Train services.
, the following services call at Heemskerk:


Jalan Lencongan Barat

Jalan Lencongan Barat or Sungai Petani Western Bypass, Federal Route 257, is a major highway bypass in Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia. The Kilometre Zero of the Federal Route 257 is located at Sungai Petani South.
History.
In 2013, the highway was gazetted as Federal Route 257.
Features.
At most sections, the Federal Route 257 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.


Super Trucks Racing

Super Trucks Racing (known in Europe as Super Trucks) is a truck racing video game for the PlayStation 2, developed by British studio Jester Interactive. All drivers and sponsor information are based on the 2001 season of the "Super Trucks" racing series.
According to the European box art, the game compares itself to TOCA on steroids. However, the North American box art is considered to be a simplified version of the box art seen in Europe. All visual effects and reviews are absent in the North American release and the "ESRB" rating is shown instead of the "ELSPA" rating. The theme song used at the opening title is "Bug" and is sung in a heavy metal-style by the band Feeder. Most of the other songs in the game are considered to be techno music done to the tune of the souped up engines at more than . This makes the trucks slightly faster than their real-life counterparts who are restricted to a maximum speed limit of for safety reasons.
Gameplay.
While the player's truck has unlimited gasoline, the player must maintain the temperature of the truck's brakes by cooling them with water. An option in the menu can be toggled so this task can either be done manually or automatically by the game. Since there is a limited amount of water available to cool the brakes, even automatic brake cooling does not guarantee that the brakes will remain cool in longer races or practice sessions.
These specialized trucks are eighteen wheelers that are modified for racing on road courses; a large majority of these courses are located in Europe (including the Circuit Paul Armagnac in Nogaro, France). Formula One-like physics and turning dominate the tracks. Darlington Raceway (referred to in-game as "Darlington Autodrome" for no apparent reason) is considered to be one of the few North American courses in the game. However, it uses right as well as left turns like a road course instead of the standard oval used for NASCAR racing. All the real-world drivers included in the game are European in origin. Although the pit lane can be seen while driving through the start/finish line, the entrance to the pit lane is blocked and pit stops are not permitted in any mode of the game.
All manufacturers which competed in the 2001 European Truck Racing Championship are represented, apart from Mercedes-Benz, whose drivers appear in the game as part of an unlicensed "Moto LKW" racing team. This is due to Mercedes-Benz's then-ongoing relationship with game developer Synetic GmbH, who produced Mercedes-Benz Truck Racing in 2000, and would later produce Mercedes-Benz World Racing in 2003.
Reception.
The game received "average" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, where the game was ported and published by Success, also under the name , on December 18, 2003, "Famitsu" gave it a score of 25 out of 40.


Salvador metro station

Salvador is an underground metro station on the Line 1 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. The station is located beneath the Balmaceda Park and close to Salvador Avenue, which is named for the Hospital del Salvador. The station was opened on 31 March 1977 as the eastern terminus of the extension of the line from La Moneda. On 22 August 1980 the line was extended further east to Escuela Militar.


China National Highway 567

China National Highway 567 runs from Lixian to where it meets G345 in Changba, Kangxian. Large parts of the route are relabeled from Gansu provincial highways S205 and S219. G7011 Shiyan–Tianshui Expressway runs parallel to the road on several sections. It is one of the new trunk highways proposed in the China National Highway Network Planning (2013 - 2030).


Liestal railway station

Liestal railway station () is a railway station in Switzerland, in the municipality of Liestal and canton of Basel-Landschaft. The station is on the Swiss Federal Railway's Hauenstein main line, which connects Basel and Olten. It is served by five trains per hour to Basel, four trains per hour to Olten, and hourly trains to Interlaken, Lucerne, and Zürich. Several trains a day operate through to Frankfurt and Berlin. The station is also the junction for, and terminus of, the Waldenburg narrow gauge railway, which operates a half-hourly train service to Waldenburg. The Waldenburg line closed in April 2021 for conversion to gauge. Since 2019, the Swiss Federal Railways has been undertaking renovation and expansion works at Liestal which were commissioned by the federal government and which are due to complete in 2025.
Services.
 the following services stop at Liestal:
Service over Baselland Transport Waldenburg line () is suspended through the end of 2022.


Findelbach railway station

Findelbach is a railway station on the Gornergrat railway, which links the resort of Zermatt with the summit of the Gornergrat. The station is situated in the municipality of Zermatt, in the Swiss canton of Valais, at an altitude of above mean sea level.
A freight station is situated at the end of a short branch line from Findelbach.
References.
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Pannenhuis metro station

Pannenhuis is a Brussels metro station on line 6. It is located in Laeken, in the northwest of the City of Brussels (Belgium). It opened on 6 October 1982 and is named after /, which is just to the west, in the municipality of Jette.


Michael Arbuthnot

Michael Alexander Arbuthnot (born 8 June 1974) is an archaeologist, instructor and archaeological filmmaker.
Education and awards.
Michael A. Arbuthnot received his bachelor's degree in Philosophy and minor in Anthropology from the University of California at Santa Barbara in 1996. He holds a master's degree in Anthropology from Florida State University. He specialized in underwater archaeology and graduated magna cum laude.
Arbuthnot is an active member in many professional organizations, including: the Registry of Professional Archaeologists (RPA); the Florida Archaeological Council (FAC); the Southeastern Archaeological Conference (SEAC); the Florida Anthropological Society (FAS); the American Academy of Underwater Sciences (AAUS); and the St. Augustine Archaeological Association (SAAA).
In addition to being the author of many published articles and papers, Arbuthnot is considered an authority on submerged prehistoric sites. He focused his thesis on paleo-environmental change and the impact it has on archaeological sites in the Gulf of Mexico.
Arbuthnot's research has been presented at many conferences, including the Society for American Archaeology, the Northeast Florida Symposium on Underwater Archaeology, the annual meeting of the Florida Anthropological Society, and the Southeastern Archaeological Conference. The results of his research in the Caribbean are now exhibited at the George Town Museum on Grand Cayman Island.
Titanic.
Michael Arbuthnot is currently a faculty member at Flagler College, located in historic downtown St. Augustine, Florida. There, he teaches his students about the fascinating world of archaeology, which included a field expedition to the RMS Titanic. He hopes to set aside the boring impression people have of archaeology, saying, “People have this idea of archaeologists sitting there with a brush and a toothpick, but it can be exciting.”
Arbuthnot's trip to the Titanic took him 12,600 feet below the ocean's surface. James Cameron, the producer, writer, and director of the movie “Titanic” recruited Arbuthnot in 2005 to work on the first systematic archeological survey of Titanic's internal bow structure. Findings from this survey were shown in the Discovery Channel special “Last Mysteries of the Titanic” and will exhibited as part of the Titanic Legacy Database Project presently in development with the non-profit digital historic preservation organization, CyArk.
Team Atlantis.
Arbuthnot founded Team Atlantis Productions in 1996. The name, of course, is a play on the mythical underwater city of Atlantis. Arbuthnot defines Team Atlantis, saying, “TA is a multi-disciplinary outfit whose mission is to explore archeological mysteries with an emphasis on those enigmas associated with underwater contexts.” Because underwater archeological sites usually have some connection with sites on land, Team Atlantis is not restricted to only underwater locations.
Team Atlantis has explored and surveyed many sites around the world, including:
More about La Jolla.
Team Atlantis Productions plan to open the eyes of the public to archaeological mysteries off the coast of San Diego through their show, “La Jolla’s Sunken City.” Michael Arbuthnot, the Writer/Producer of the show, paired with Director/Editor David Faires, to take underwater cinematography to new depths.
“Not only is Mike Arbuthnot the Writer/Producer, but he is rapidly becoming one of the most recognizable archaeologists in the United States. As a young professional archaeologist and former college professor, Arbuthnot has been featured on ABC, Discovery Channel and the Learning Channel. Most recently Arbuthnot conducted the first archaeological survey of the famous shipwreck R.M.S. Titanic with film maker and explorer James Cameron on Discovery Channel’s televised event, Last Mysteries of the Titanic. He continues to excite audiences and historians alike by blending ancient history and archaeology with filmmaking.”
As stated previously, artifacts were first found in the early 1900s. Children would return to the shore from playing in the shallow water with small stone bowls. Scuba diving became increasingly popular in the 1950s, leading to more exploring around La Jolla. Due to this exploration, more than 2000 artifacts have been recovered. Some date to more than 5000 years ago. At least 34 submerged sites have been discovered in places as deep as 30 meters. Some scientists believe that La Jolla is an entire sunken village. In “La Jolla’s Sunken City,” Arbuthnot and Faires explore several hypotheses concerning how these objects were originally deposited, and they reveal never before seen artifacts.
Arbuthnot had trouble at the beginning of the expedition, but was eventually successful in finding artifacts at La Jolla. According to the CineForm article on La Jolla:
Their success was aided by the help of a small octopus. A diver was tracking it, when the octopus stopped behind a round stone. This ‘stone’ turned out to be a beautiful stone bowl, which eventually led the team to discovering a total of six artifacts in 20 feet of water. Arbuthnot speculates that these ancient finds date to between 4,000 and 7,000 years ago!
Currently.
Arbuthnot has worked on underwater archaeology projects in Florida, North Carolina, Georgia, and the Caribbean since 1997. He has surveyed, mapped, excavated, interpreted and analyzed artifacts, and published reports on a variety of diverse archaeological sites. He continues his work, based mainly in Florida. He also functions as Newsletter Editor for the Florida Archaeological Council.
Arbuthnot presently serves as a Senior Project Manager for SEARCH, a leading cultural resource company based in Florida.
Arbuthnot is working with the Discovery Channel to create the television show "America's Lost Vikings", about the location of the mythical Viking Vinland, and where they may have settled along Canada and the United States.
"Secret Worlds with Michael Arbuthnot".
Arbuthnot's documentary "Secret Worlds with Mike Arbuthnot" began airing on the travel channel in 2010.
Family.
Born in Oakland, California, son of Robert Murray Arbuthnot, Michael is married to Serena Lynn Conrad who had two sons by her first marriage. They live in St Augustine, Florida.


China National Highway 566

China National Highway 566 runs from Xiji in Ningxia to Tianshui in Gansu. At Xiji, it connects to G309 and at Tianshui to G310. Most of the route consists of upgraded sections of Ningxia provincial highway S202 and Gansu provincial highways S305 and S218. It is one of the new trunk highways proposed in the China National Highway Network Planning (2013 - 2030).


Hua Lamphong MRT station

Hua Lamphong station (, , ) is a rapid transit station on the Blue Line of the Bangkok MRT. It is located underground on Rama IV Road in front of Bangkok railway station, more commonly known locally as "Hua Lamphong", on the former location of Hua Lamphong railway station, the origin of Paknam Railway, the first railway line in Thailand.
The station provide a direct connection with Bangkok railway station via underground pathway.
Hua Lamphong station used to be the origin of the first phase of the MRT Blue Line (Hua Lamphong–Bang Sue) between 2004–2019.
Station details.
Two levels including


Gwen Alston

Hannah Gwendolen Shone (22 May 1907 – 14 July 1993) was a British aerodynamicist and educationalist most known for her work on spinning tunnels and aircraft flight-testing during World War II, as well as her involvement in flight education.
Early life and education.
Alston was born on 22 May 1907 in Birkenhead, Cheshire. She was educated at Wallasey High School and Penrhos College, Colwyn Bay. She obtained a BSc in mathematics in 1927 and a diploma in education in 1928, both from the University of Liverpool.
While at university, she took flying lessons and obtained her private pilot's 'A' flying licence in 1929. She then spent 5 years teaching mathematics in Rotherham and Nottingham, and simultaneously working towards a MSc in aerodynamics at the University of Nottingham. Her MSc was awarded in 1932.
Career.
Teaching 1929-33.
After graduating from the University of Liverpool, Alston taught mathematics in Rotherham and Nottingham from 1929 to 1933 while completing her Master's degree.
Throughout her consequent scientific career, Alston committed herself to the improvement and communication of aviation education.
Research scientist and flight test observer, RAE Farnborough 1933-45.
Alston joined the Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough Airfield in 1933, working under Hermann Glauert and supervising the Aero department's spinning tunnel. She often flew as an observer on hazardous test flights as part of her research work.
During World War II, as well as her RAE work, Alston was seconded to Ringway Airport (now known as Manchester International Airport) to oversee problems with the introduction of troop-carrying gliders into the British Army's Glider Pilot Regiment. She completed the RAF basic and advanced pilot-training courses in Miles Magister and Harvard trainers, becoming a founder member and Adjutant of the RAF Technical Flight.
In 1944, Alston investigated the cause of Fairey Barracuda torpedo bomber accidents. Together with her pilot Eric Brown, she carried out test flights and found problems with flap positions in conjunction with rudder input to be the cause of the crashes. Brown later stated that "I cannot leave the accident investigation without paying tribute to one of the flight-test observers involved in these tests - Mrs Gwen Alston. Mrs Alston was a truly remarkable 'lady boffin', who, despite having lost her scientist husband in a fatal crash while on a similar duty, never flinched at any risky flight and in all circumstances displayed the essence of courage".
She was a founding member of RAF technical flight, the Aerospace Education and Recreation Organisation and became an associate of the Royal Aeronautical Society in 1956.
Inspector of Schools 1946-72.
In 1946, she was appointed as H. M. Inspector of Schools in England, by the Ministry of Education. Amongst her responsibilities, Alston was expected to give advice and inspect aeronautical matters, including educational training for the aviation industry, sport and recreational flying and air education in schools and colleges.
A speech she gave to the Women's Engineering Society in October 1956, entitled "Technological Training and Employment of Women" detailed the issues faced by girls in the education system who might be interested in careers in science or technology.
Alston retired in 1973.
Personal life and family.
Alston was an avid aviator, obtaining her flying license from the Royal Aero Club in 1929 and completing basic and advanced RAF pilot training.
Whilst working at Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough Airfield in 1933, Alston met her future husband Peter Alston, a Civilian Scientific Officer, who died on 16 February 1939 near Eyke, Suffolk, while testing a military aircraft. The Royal Aeronautical Society's "RP Alston Medal," originally a prize for work in the field of air safety through stability and control but since 1957 awarded for practical achievement associated with the flight testing of aircraft, was first awarded in 1949 in memory of Alston's late husband. The medal features an eagle in flight with a hot air balloon in the background.


Jalan Jelapang

Jalan Jelapang (Perak state route A1) is a major road in Perak, Malaysia. It is considered known as Ipoh Outer Ring Road.


Pancar railway station

Pancar railway station is a railway station in Pancar, Turkey along the Southern Line of the IZBAN commuter rail system. It is also serviced by regional trains operating out of Basmane Terminal in Izmir to destinations south.
The station was built in 1860 by the Oriental Railway Company and taken over by the Turkish State Railways in 1935. Between 2015-16 it was rebuilt and expanded to accommodate the extension of the Southern Line to Tepeköy.
Bus connections.
ESHOT


Jalan Maharani

Jalan Maharani (Jawi: جالن مهاراني) is a major road in Bandar Maharani a royal town in Muar, Johor, Malaysia. The name was present to Maharani Fatimah, a consort to Maharaja Abu Bakar in conjunction with the opening of the Bandar Maharani in 1884.
Attractions.
Maharani Uptown.
Located at Jalan Sisi.


Second Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge

The Second Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge (, "Wuhan Changjiang Er Qiao") is a bridge across the Yangtze River in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. It is located northeast (downstream) of the historic central area of the city's Hankou District and is the northern crossing for the Inner Ring Road. It is a cable-stayed bridge built of pre-stressed concrete, has a central span of . It is in length (including the main span) and is wide. Its main bridgeheads are high each, pulling 392 thick slanting cables together in the shape of double fans, so that the central span of the bridge is well-balanced on the piers and the bridge's stability and vibration resistance are ensured.
History.
The bridge was completed in 1995 with four lanes of traffic capable of handling 50,000 vehicles per day. The bridge featured a median reserved for a branch line of the then planned Wuhan Metro Line 1. By the 2000s, due to growth in population of Wuhan, actual traffic demand using the bridge averaged 100,000 vehicles per day, peaking at 190,000 daily vehicles. The metro line reservation was removed in 2003 when the bridge was renovated and expanded to six lanes. With the opening of the Erqi Yangtze River Bridge downstream in 2011 typical traffic using the Second Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge was 120,000 vehicles per day.


Bernina Diavolezza railway station

Bernina Diavolezza railway station is a railway station in the municipality of Pontresina, in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. It is located on the Bernina line of the Rhaetian Railway, at the foot of the Diavolezza mountain, as well as near the Diavolezza and Lagalb ski region.
The station has a single through track with a single platform and station building. The valley station for an cable car to the top of Diavolezza is located across the street from station. In the summer trailheads for hiking are located nearby.
The station was opened in 1956, at the same time as the adjacent cable car, and was originally also a passing station. However it relinquished that role to when that station was opened.
Services.
The following services stop at Bernina Diavolezza:


Japan National Route 50

National Route 50 is a national highway of Japan connecting Maebashi, Gunma and Mito, Ibaraki.
History.
Route 50 was designated on 18 May 1953 on the current route as National Route 122, and this was redesignated as Route 50 on 1 April 1963 when the route was promoted to a first-class highway.


From A to B (film)

From A to B is a 2014 multilingual Emirati film written, directed, and produced by Ali F. Mostafa. Set in the United Arab Emirates, the film revolves around three old friends (Jay, Rami & Omar) who travel on an adventurous road trip from Abu Dhabi to Beirut in memory of their lost friend Hadi.


Healey Dell Viaduct

Healey Dell Viaduct is situated in Healey Dell Nature Reserve in the Spodden Valley, on the outskirts or Rochdale in Greater Manchester, England. It is 2½ miles (4km) from Whitworth, Lancashire. It was built in 1867 and carried the Rochdale to Bacup Railway Line, opening to passengers 1 November 1870. It operated until 1949, and carried coal trains until into the 1960s. Today it carries the National Cycle Network, Regional Network Route 92 which joins National Route 66.
The viaduct was built from locally quarried stone. It is 103 feet high above the river, with 8 arches, each with a 26 yards span.
Healey Dell is on the Rochdale Way and the Pennine Bridleway passes the northern end.


Cormano-Cusano Milanino railway station

Cormano-Cusano Milanino railway station is a railway station in Italy. It serves the towns of Cormano and Cusano Milanino, being placed on the border of these two municipalities.
History.
The station replaced and unified the former stations of Cormano-Brusuglio and Cusano Milanino, which were closed.
Services.
Cormano-Cusano is served by the lines S2 and S4 of the Milan suburban railway network, operated by the lombard railway company Trenord.
It is the last station of the urban fare zone of Milan on this line.