Eric Forsberg

Eric Forsberg (born December 16, 1959) is American writer. He wrote and directed the feature film "Mega Piranha", as well as the writer of the feature film "Snakes on a Train", one of the first mockbusters produced and released by The Asylum. He also wrote the screenplays for "30,000 Leagues Under the Sea" and "", also for The Asylum. He directed the film "Alien Abduction" which aired on Sci Fi Channel, as well as Night of the Dead which aired on Chiller TV. Other writer and director credits include the political thriller "Torture Room", and the stoner comedy "Sex Pot" as well as "Monster", "Almighty Thor", "Arachnoquake", and "Age of the Hobbits". He also worked as a Co-Producer and assistant director on numerous films for Christopher Coppola and Alain Silver, including "White Nights", "Bel Air", and "Palmer's Pickup". In his early years Forsberg was an improvisational comedy instructor at The Players Workshop and The Second City Training Center in Chicago.
Biography.
Eric Forsberg was born in Chicago on December 16, 1959. He is the son of improv director Josephine Forsberg and filmmaker Rolf Forsberg.
Before moving to Hollywood in 1997, Forsberg worked as a writer and director in the Chicago theater scene. The original musical, "Knat Scatt Private Eye", with Steve Carell, was among his more successful productions. Forsberg also taught improvisation at The Players Workshop and The Second City Training Center where his students included Stephen Colbert, Amy Sedaris, Tim Meadows, and Rachel Dratch. Forsberg also worked as a director for the youth programs at the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. His performance credits include Silas Brimfire at the Bristol Renaissance Faire.
Soon after Forsberg arrived in Los Angeles, he began working with director Christopher Coppola and producer Alain Silver. Following that he started writing screenplays and directing feature films for David Michael Latt and David Rimawi at The Asylum. Eric Forsberg was a founding member of The Second City Training Center in Los Angeles where his students included Brian Stepanek and Masi Oka. Forsberg lives in Southern California with his wife Karen and his daughter Lola. He is a founding member of the production company Cerebral Experiment.


Tony Carreiro

Anthony Carreiro is an American actor and performing arts professor. He graduated from Ithaca High School in Ithaca, New York. He earned his bachelor of arts at Cornell University in 1982. He earned his master of fine arts from the Professional Actor Training Program at the University of Washington in 1985. He works as a professor of acting courses at Long Beach City College.
He played a gay English professor in the sitcom "Doctor Doctor". He is a certified sword fighter and a fighting choreographer for theatrical works and films, as well as stage combat courses in colleges.
He is perhaps best known for his roles on "The Golden Girls", playing a waiter (twice), as well as a doctor in the episode "72 Hours", when Rose receives a letter from a hospital telling her she may have been transfused with HIV-tainted blood. He also appeared in the Season 4 Cheers episode as the eponymous “Relief Bartender”.
He resides in Lake Balboa, California with his wife Kathleen and daughter.


Death growl

A death growl, or simply growl, is a vocal style (an extended vocal technique) usually employed by death metal singers but also used in other heavy metal styles, such as metalcore. Death growls are sometimes criticized for their "ugliness" and for being difficult to understand without a lyric sheet. However, the harshness of death growls is in keeping with death metal's abrasive music style and often dark and obscene subject matter. The progressively more forceful enunciation of metal vocals has been noted from heavy metal to thrash metal to death metal.
Definition.
Death metal, in particular, is associated with growled vocals; tends to be lyrically and thematically darker and more morbid than other forms of metal; and features vocals which attempt to evoke chaos, death, and misery by being "usually very deep, guttural, and unintelligible." Natalie Purcell notes, "Although the vast majority of death metal bands use very low, beast-like, almost indiscernible growls as vocals, many also have high and screechy or operatic vocals, or simply deep and forcefully-sung vocals." Sociologist Deena Weinstein has noted of death metal: "Vocalists in this style have a distinctive sound, growling and snarling rather than singing the words, and making ample use of the voice distortion box."
Terminology and technique.
Death growls are also known as death metal vocals, guttural vocals, death grunts, growled vocals, unclean vocals, harsh vocals, vocal fry, false cord vocals, and jocularly as Cookie Monster vocals, though this jocular term was proven to be inaccurate by trained vocal coaches.
In June 2007, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre in The Netherlands reported that, because of the increased popularity of growling in the region, several patients who had used improper growling technique were being treated for edema and polyps on the vocal folds.
History and variations.
Early precedents.
Growled vocals may have been a part of Viking music. In the 10th century, Arab-Spanish Sefardi Jewish merchant Abraham ben Jacob visited Denmark and commented on the local music as follows: "Never before I have heard uglier songs than those of the Vikings in Slesvig. The growling sound coming from their throats reminds me of dogs howling, only more untamed."
In Hildegard of Bingen's 12th-century allegorical morality play Ordo Virtutum, the role of the Devil uniquely does not employ melodic singing, but is performed in a manner which Hildegard specifies as "strepitus diaboli" and which is often taken to mean a low and growling voice.
In 1966, The Who released the song "Boris the Spider", which featured death growls sung in basso profondo by bass player John Entwistle. This may be considered one of the first uses of death growl in popular music.
The use of growling, "monstrous" vocals for ominous effect in rock music can be traced at least as far back as "I Put a Spell on You" by Screamin' Jay Hawkins in 1956. Mike Oldfield's "Tubular Bells, Part Two", from 1973, contains a section from 11:55 to 16:30 featuring extensive use of guttural vocals which are very close in style to the modern "death growl;" however, this effect was created by manipulating tape speed.
In 1969 and the early 1970s, the song "21st Century Schizoid Man" by King Crimson is notable for its heavily distorted vocals sung by Greg Lake. The songs "Iron Man" by Black Sabbath and "One of These Days" by Pink Floyd both contain brief passages of ominously-growled, low-pitched vocals (in both cases studio-manipulated) against a heavy background of rock riffs. Other examples are Roger Waters' screams in some Pink Floyd songs, such as "Take Up Thy Stethoscope and Walk" (1967) and "Careful with That Axe, Eugene" (1968). Punk rock bands like The Clash, Stiff Little Fingers, and 999 also regularly employed gruff-sounding vocals, although not as pronounced as the death growl common in metal music today. The low, raspy, aggressive pitch of Lemmy Kilmister from Motörhead was not unlike the death growl and may be thought of as a precursor to the current style. Kate Bush employed raspy, guttural vocals on the track "Get Out of My House" from her 1982 album "The Dreaming".
Origins in heavy metal.
The advent of the growl as it is used today coincided roughly with the gradual emergence of death metal, and it is thus difficult to pinpoint a specific individual as the inventor of the technique. Different vocalists likely developed the style over time. Female vocalist Sabina Classen of German extreme metal band Holy Moses performs growling at demo "Satan's Angel" from 1982. The band Death (and its precursor Mantas) with its two vocalists—initially Kam Lee and subsequently Chuck Schuldiner—has been cited as among the first bands to utilize growling (although Schuldiner would eventually switch to a more high-pitched screeching, culminating in 1998's The Sound of Perseverance). Other early bands to use the technique include Possessed, Necrophagia, Master, Hellhammer, and Massacre also employed a variation of the growl. Other bands utilizing growling include Napalm Death, Cannibal Corpse, and Suffocation.
External links.
, WikiHow


Polly (North novel)

Polly is a chick lit novel by Freya North about a young Englishwoman—the eponymous Polly.
As a teacher, Polly takes part in an exchange scheme that brings her to Vermont for a year. There, she fits in quite nicely and starts an affair with one of her male colleagues although she has left a boyfriend behind in London. In the end they are able to sort out their differences and make up.


Ashot Satian

Ashot Movsesovich Satian (1906–1958), was an Armenian composer and conductor.
From 1948–1952 he was the head of Armenian SSR Composers' Union. His "Songs of Ararat Valley" were awarded by USSR State Prize in 1952.


Kubra Khademi

Kubra Khademi (born 1989) is an Afghan performance artist based in Paris. She studied fine arts at Kabul University before attending Beaconhouse National University in Lahore, Pakistan on a scholarship. In Lahore she began to create public performances, a practice she continued upon her return to Kabul, where her work actively responded to a society dominated by extreme patriarchal politics. After performing her piece "Armor" in 2015, Khademi was forced to flee Afghanistan due to a fatwa and death threats. She is currently living and working in Paris.
Work.
Through her practice, Khademi explores her life as a refugee and a woman.
Kubra & Pedestrian Sign/Kubra et les bonhommes piétons (2016).
In this video work Khademi walks the streets of Paris dressed as a pedestrian crossing sign. In place of green or red male figure, Khademi's crossing sign displays a female figure. The costume consists of a black dress and a light up pedestrian box affixed to her head; in the piece Khademi is seen standing next to street signs and adding the female figure to the urban landscape.
Eternal trial (2015).
Eternal Trial is a video performance that consists of a long shot of Khademi walking through an empty field in Noyers, France. As she comes closer to the camera, it is revealed that she is picking poppies off a white dress and discarding them in the field behind her.
Armor (2015).
In 2015, Khademi walked along a Kabul street dressed in custom-made metal armour which emphasised her breasts, buttocks, and groin. Underneath the armour, Khademi wore a traditional hijab. Though the work was originally planned to have a twenty minute duration, Khademi was forced to abort the performance after only eight minutes and to seek refuge in a friend's car.
The project was inspired by Kubra's personal experiences of harassment, both on the particular Kabul street where she staged the work, and in general since her childhood. Through the project she hoped to address the sexual harassment women in Afghanistan face on a daily basis. Khademi has stated that the performance explored her life as a woman and the limitations that come with being a woman in Afghanistan. After the performance, Khademi received many threats and abusive messages. As a result, she was forced to flee Afghanistan by foot, and is currently living in exile in France. For Khademi, the result of her project emphasised the problems of extreme patriarchy and social imbalance in Afghan society.
Reception.
After fleeing Afghanistan and settling in France, Khademi was awarded an MFA scholarship at Pantheon Sorbonne University and was given the title of Chevalier de l’Ordre des Arts et Letter by the Ministry of French Culture.
She was a featured artist at WALKING WOMEN (2016), presented by the Walking Artists Network at Somerset House in London.


Rainbow Serpent Festival

Rainbow Serpent Festival is a four-day annual open-air music and arts festival that takes place during the Australia Day (26 January) long weekend, in Lexton, Victoria, west of Melbourne, Australia. The festival is mainly known for its focus on electronic music, with psychedelic trance, minimal techno, and chill-out music on its main stage, but it now features music across many genres, many art installations, workshops, and other attractions such as market stalls, healing arts and multi-cultural foods. Approximately 12,000 people attend the festival each year.
The music is presented over a number of separate stages and features both Australian and international musicians. Many people dress up in colourful costumes, often featuring glitter and beads. Some of the days have themes; in 2016, these themes included different colour parties and a "safari day".
History.
The name Rainbow Serpent comes from the Indigenous Australians dreamtime creation myth of the Rainbow Serpent. The first edition of the festival was in 1998.
The 2020 festival was cancelled due to site damage caused by bushfires in late December 2019.
The 2021 Festival is to be presented as a streaming event due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.
Description.
The Festival extends over four days, on the long weekend which is always closest to Australia Day, on an open area of land near Lexton, in Victoria. It is mainly known for electronic music, with sub-genres psychedelic trance, minimal techno, and chill-out music, but it now features music across many genres, as well as art installations, workshops, and other attractions. There are market stalls, healing arts and multi-cultural foods.
The music is presented over a number of separate stages and features both Australian and international musicians. Approximately 12,000 people attend the festival each year.
Stages.
Five stages are listed on the 2020 Festival website: Main, Market, Sunset, The Playground, and Temple.
Main Stage.
The Main Stage focuses on harder music such as Psytrance. Usually, the stage begins with an ambient act and progressively increases in energy throughout the night. The Main Stage runs for 20 hours, starting at 8:00 pm Saturday night, and finishes 4:00 pm Sunday afternoon.
Market Stage.
The Market Stage plays a large variety of music ranging from ambient music, glitch hop, and tech house to psytrance. The Market Stage is the longest running stage at the festival, starting on the Friday night, and finishing early on Monday evening, it runs for about 72 hours continuously with no breaks except for one hour for the Main Stage opening ceremony. Many of the headliner acts actually play on the Market Stage, rather than on the Main Stage depending on their music style. The Monday afternoon on the Market Stage is widely regarded as one of the highlights of the festival, much like Saturday night on the Main Stage.
Sunset Stage.
The Sunset Stage plays a variety of music throughout the festival, however, it closes for the 24-hour duration of the Main Stage opening. The Sunset Stage has more acts and genres than the Market Stage and the Main Stage provide.
Playground Stage.
The Playground Stage, introduced to the festival in 2009, focuses on live performance music. The genres covered include dub, reggae, hip-hop, funk, folk, electro-swing, and jazz. It also showcases non-musical performers ranging from magicians to comedians, mimes, and fire twirlers.
Notable Acts.
2010 – Robert Babicz, David Tipper
2011 – Shpongle. Alex Grey painted live on the Main Stage during Shpongle's performance.
2014 – The Orb
2015 – Pretty Lights
2017 – Hallucinogen
2019 – Patrick Topping
2020 – Larry, Jason and Vernon Guruwirri, sons of "Mr Didgeridoo" Djalu, perform in their new band Malawurr and share their skills and culture in a yiḏaki workshop.
Problems.
Festival organisers have been criticised for the number of drugs and sexual assaults at the event and, in 2016, the future of the festival was questioned. Fans have defended the festival in response to critical reports.
The festival has a social services space called "The Nest" to address instances of sexual assault and harassment. Victims are given access counselling and support services and medical resources.
In January 2019 the then Mayor of the Pyrenees Shire Council supported the push by Rainbow Serpent organisers for pill testing.
Incidents.
In 2012, Daniel Buccianti, a 34-year-old man, died due to a combination of prescription medication and LSD. According to Victoria Police the death was not suspicious. That same year, a 25-year-old man suffered a cardiac arrest, also due to a drug overdose. He was hospitalised, but survived.
In 2014, a man was charged with 210 counts of "upskirting", and there were numerous other assaults and drug offences, along with ten people being hospitalised many for reasons related to drugs.
In 2015, a sexual assault was reported to have occurred at the festival, as well as 45 arrests for drug offences and an assault on police.
In 2017, a 22-year-old man died during the festival after drinking amyl nitrite. Police also reported two sexual assaults, and a number of assaults, including one assault on police, and drug offences.


Ultra Density Optical

Ultra Density Optical (UDO) is an optical disc format designed for high-density storage of high-definition video and data.
Overview.
An Ultra Density Optical disc or UDO is a 133.35 mm (5.25") ISO cartridge optical disc which can store up to 30 GB of data. The second generation UDO2 media was introduced in April 2007 and has a capacity of up to 80 GB. Utilising a design based on a Magneto-optical disc, but using Phase Change technology combined with a blue violet laser, a UDO/UDO2 disc can store substantially more data than a magneto-optical disc or MO, because of the shorter wavelength (405 nm) of the blue-violet laser employed. MOs use a 650 nm-wavelength red laser. Because its beam width is shorter when burning to a disc than a red-laser for MO, a blue-violet laser allows more information to be stored digitally in the same amount of space.
Current generations of UDO2 media store up to 60 GB. According to Plasmon, desktop UDO2 drives are priced at around US $5400.
A 30 GB UDO2 Write Once is US $75.
History.
UDO optical disc storage media was developed as a replacement for the 9.1 GB Magneto-optical digital storage medium. The Ultra Density Optical was first announced by Sony on November 1, 2000. It was later adopted with heavy investment by Plasmon, a UK technology company with extensive experience with computer archival backup systems and solutions.
Currently UDO/UDO2 is being championed by its development partners Plasmon, Asahi Pentax (responsible for the opto-mechanical assembly design), Mitsubishi Chemical, parent company of the Verbatim media storage brand, and various computer and IT solutions companies. Mitsubishi Chemical is the second major development partner of UDO media and the sole manufacturer of UDO media as of the 4th quarter of 2008.
November 10, 2008 – Plasmon creditors (led by Silicon Valley Bank) closed down Plasmon LMS (company) as CEO Stephen "FX" Murphy was not able to secure funding to keep the money-losing company afloat. The UDO media factory in the UK was shut down, dismantled.
January 13, 2009 – Alliance Storage Technologies, a Colorado Springs Manufacturer of optical technology and Service Provider, acquired the assets of Plasmon (including UDO and UDO2 technology) in a liquidation sale. ASTI currently sells and supports UDO technologies sold under the Plasmon brand.
Specifications.
ECMA-380: Data Interchange on 130 mm Rewritable and Write Once Read Many Ultra Density Optical (UDO) Disk Cartridges –Capacity: 60 Gbytes per Cartridge – Second Generation
Writing technology.
UDO uses a Phase Change recording process that permanently alters the molecular structure of the disc surface.
Disc format.
There are three versions of UDO/UDO media: a True WORM (Write Once Read Many), an R/W (Re-Writable), and Compliant WORM (shreddable WORM).
Magneto-optical comparison.
The table below summarizes the differences between conventional Magneto-Optical specifications and those of the enhanced Ultra Density Optical disc.
Drive mechanism.
UDO Drives Specifications Summary
UDO comes in both internal and external drive guises. External drives are also available as part a robotic autoloader. All current drives are designed for heavy duty use.
Laser and optics.
UDO systems use a blue-violet laser operating at a wavelength of 405 nm, similar to the one used in Blu-ray Disc, to read and write data. Conventional MOs use red lasers at 660 nm.
The blue-violet laser's shorter wavelength makes it possible to store more information on a 13 cm sized UDO disc. The minimum "spot size" on which a laser can be focused is limited by diffraction, and depends on the wavelength of the light and the numerical aperture of the lens used to focus it. By decreasing the wavelength, using a higher numerical aperture (0.85, compared with 0.575 for MO), the laser beam can be focused much more tightly. This produces a smaller spot on the disc than in existing MOs, and allows more information to be physically stored in the same area.
The opto-mechanism design of current Plasmon UDO drives was jointly developed with Asahi Pentax.
Applications.
Archival storage.
Currently UDO has an expected data archival life of around 50 years. Apart from the storage size, the discs (like Magneto Optical discs) are designed for durability and long term reliability.
Secure video.
A company called Blu-Laser Cinema announced in June 2005 that it was launching a new player using the UDO format to provide a secure viewing and editing platform for film production houses. Targeted towards the high-end video editing and production community, the unit featured a smart card reader and a USB dongle with an embedded biometric fingerprint reader to allow access only to authorized users.
Features.
The core technology for UDO is essentially similar to Blu-ray Discs, as well as PDD (all were developed by Sony), although there are a number of key differences; the primary ones being:


Ewa Laurance

Ewa Mataya Laurance (née Svensson, February 26, 1964) is a Swedish–American professional pool player, most notably on the Women's Professional Billiard Association nine-ball tour, a sports writer, and more recently a sports commentator for ESPN. In 2004, she was inducted into the Billiard Congress of America's Hall of Fame. She has been nicknamed "the Leading Lady of Billiards" and "the Striking Viking".
Playing career.
Laurance has been playing pool since she was 14 years old. She moved to the United States in 1981 after competing at the New York City World Championships.
Laurance has won numerous major women's pool titles, including the WPA World Nine-ball Championship, US Open Nine-ball Championship, WPBA National Nine-ball Championship, International Trickshot Championship and the Swedish and European 14.1 Championships.
In 2005, Laurance bested three of her peers, WPBA Tour members Allison Fisher, Dawn Hopkins, and Gerda Hofstatter, at the Women's Trick Shot Challenge held at the New York Hotel Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada, pocketing US$25,000 as the grand prize. Animated and expressive, she played to the audience and the cameras, "a true showperson in her element and a wonderful example to all trick shot artists."
Television.
She was the co-host of the GSN original game show "Ballbreakers". She has hosted the "Ultimate Pool Party" on ESPN. She has also been a model, appearing in TV commercials for No Nonsense brand pantyhose, and appeared on "National Bingo Night" on June 1, 2007. She frequently acts as a color commentator on ESPN telecasts of nine-ball tournaments, usually along with her husband Mitchell Laurance. She has recently been featured on commercials featuring Dick's Pawn Shop in Myrtle Beach, SC.
Writing.
She has authored three books: "The Ewa Mataya Pool Guide (paperback," ), "The Complete Idiot's Guide to Pool & Billiards (paperback," ), and "Quick Start Guide to Pocket Billiards (paperback," ")." She has also written monthly columns for "Pool & Billiard" magazine.
Personal life.
In 1982, at the age of 17, she married the pool pro Jimmy Mataya, fourteen years her senior, forming pool's first power couple. They later divorced, with Ewa retaining the surname Mataya, as she was already professionally well known by this name. They have a daughter, Nikki, born in 1985.
In 1994, she married actor Mitch Laurance, later also pool commentator for ESPN and twin brother of actor Matthew Laurance.


Shakespeare in the Arb

Shakespeare in the Arb is an annual event, presented in the open, in Nichols Arboretum. Nichols Arboretum is a 123-acre (49.7 hectares) heavily wooded park, with large landscape lawns surrounded by the woods, a river, and steep hills. The plays are moving events, with both performers and audience moving from location to location within the park as the play progresses. At each location a segment of the play is performed. The plays begin in the early evening, and are put on near the summer solstice as no artificial lighting is used.
The park is near to the University of Michigan, and downtown Ann Arbor Michigan.
History.
Shakespeare in the Arb was founded in 2001 by Inger Schultz, and Kate Mendeloff. Mendeloff has been the artistic director since its inception.
Performances.
Each year one play is presented. Most years, three weeks (Thurs-Sun) of performances are given. They all begin fours hours before sunset, at 6:30 p.m. local time (EDT). Each performance takes about 2.5 hours. The production travels from spot to spot within the arboretum to create the different scenes. "As one critic commented, 'The actors used the vastness of its Arb[oretum] stage to full advantage, making entrances from behind trees, appearing over rises and vanishing into the woods.'"
The arboretum is a public park, situated in the center of an urban area, next to a railroad track, and a large medical center. Thus performances can be interrupted by trains, medevac helicopters, and other park visitors. The weather is a factor, with large rainstorms always possible.
Reception.
Since the beginning of its second season, Shakespeare in the Arb, has sold out nearly every performance. Tickets are sold on the day of the performances, and are first-come, first-served. The line for tickets begins forming two hours before the box office opens, as "Shakespeare in the Arb is a hugely popular local summer tradition."
A Midsummer Night's Dream.
A particular favorite is A Midsummer Night's Dream. The play—with its natural setting, structure, and language—is perfect for presenting in the arboretum, which features dense heavy woods with mature trees, large lawns, steep hills, and a river. In 2015, A Midsummer Night's Dream was presented for the third time since the festival began.


CrystalGraphics

CrystalGraphics is the developer of the PowerPoint sharing website PowerShow.com, as well as templates and plug-ins for PowerPoint and Office products. Some of CrystalGraphics' products include PowerPoint templates, 2D and 3D special-effects, video backgrounds, charting, animations and other add-ons. The company was founded by Dennis Ricks in 1986 and is based in Santa Clara, California.
Achievements.
CrystalGraphics was the first company to introduce 3D transitions for PowerPoint.


Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding Production of a Musical

The Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding Production of a Musical is an annual award celebrating achievements in live Canadian theatre.


Tony Award for Best Musical

The Tony Award for Best Musical is given annually to the best new Broadway musical, as determined by Tony Award voters. The award is one of the ceremony's longest-standing awards, having been presented each year since 1949. The award goes to the producers of the winning musical. A musical is eligible for consideration in a given year if it has not previously been produced on Broadway and is not "determined... to be a 'classic' or in the historical or popular repertoire", otherwise it may be considered for Best Revival of a Musical.
Best Musical is the final award presented at the Tony Awards ceremony. Excerpts from the musicals that are nominated for this award are usually performed during the ceremony before this award is presented.
This is a list of winners and nominations for the Tony Award for Best Musical.
Records.
Accumulated records as of 2019:


Kariyushi shirt

The is a style of dress shirt originating in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Similar to aloha shirts, these shirts are mainly worn in summer. The shirts are printed, mostly short-sleeved, and collared. Kariyushi shirts may be worn as casual, informal wear, or as dresswear. First introduced in 1970 to promote tourism to Okinawa Prefecture, the style gained popularity in 2000 when head of states wore them during the 26th G8 summit which was held in Okinawa. These shirts are promoted as part of the Cool Biz campaign by the Government of Japan.
History.
In 1970, the Okinawa Tourism Association started selling aloha-like shirts under the name of "Okinawa shirts" in order to promote tourism to Okinawa Prefecture. The initial campaign was unsuccessful, leaving piles of unsold merchandize. These leftovers were worn by hotel association members. The popularity of the shirts spread during the time of the second oil crisis. At first, the shirts were limited to variations using motifs of traditional arts such as bingata or Yaeyami minsa. Eventually, many individuals related to the tourist trade such as hotel staff, travelers and tour guides began to wear them.
The Mensōre Okinawa Kenmin Undō Suishin Kyōgikai, a newly-formed coalition of Okinawan tourism organizations, decided to produce shirts featuring Okinawaness and named them "kariyushi shirts" in 1990. "Kariyushi" means "harmony" or "happiness" in Okinawan. In 1997, the Okinawa Hotel Ryokan Association started promoting another type of aloha-like shirts named "tropical wear" as well as "tropical Friday" (Okinawan version of casual Friday). This resulted in their widespread use in places such as government offices.
Year 2000 was a turning point for Kariyushi shirts. The name of the shirts was standardized as "kariyushi shirts" (かりゆしウェア). In 2000 each head of state wore one during the 26th G8 summit held in Okinawa. During this time, variations in the shirt design appeared and the shirts became popular for use among government employees, bank workers and people in the general business sector. According to the Okinawa Apparel Sewing Industrial Association, over 310,000 shirts were sold in 2004. Okinawa also holds a textile contest once every year, allowing contestants to design a kariyushi shirt.
In 2005, when the "Summer casual dress" idea was introduced mainly for the Ministry of the Environment and Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Yuriko Koike, the environment minister, also took on the responsibility of minister for Okinawa and promoted the kariyushi shirt as part of the Cool Biz campaign. From June 1, the beginning of the promotion period, many of the staff who worked at the Okinawa Development and Promotion Bureau wore the shirts as well as the Prime Minister of Japan at that time, Junichiro Koizumi. Koizumi had already worn the Kariyushi shirt at the Japan Pacific Islands Summit in 2003 which was held in Okinawa.
The NHK Okinawa bureau asked all news reporters on the weekday evening local news program "Haisai! Terebi Sukasu" to wear the kariyushi shirt from June to October 2006. The show started in April 2006. NHK recognized that this contributed to the popularity of the shirts. Even on the TBS network, the main newscaster, Tetsuya Chikushi, wore a kariyushi shirt in the summer of 2004 and 2005 on his news show "Tetsuya Chikushi NEWS23".
In June 2009, all members of the Japanese government who attended the cabinet meeting wore a shirt as part of the Cool Biz campaign. The Liberal Democratic Party also wore the shirts, but Hiroyuki Hosoda wore his shirt tucked into his pants which was said to have annoyed Yuriko Koike throughout the entire meeting. The kariyushi shirt is worn outside of the pants, and never tucked into the pants.
Design.
Kariyushi shirts manufactured in Okinawa for local Okinawan residents are usually adorned with characteristic Okinawan designs found in traditional Okinawan arts, shisā temple guardian designs, and simple floral patterns in muted colors. They are often used to promote tourism in Okinawa, and have been established in replacing the standard white shirt and tie for Okinawan office workers during the summer. In 2005, the Cool Biz campaign prompted members of the Okinawan cabinet, mostly in central government, to wear the shirt during work hours.
Kariyushi shirts were created based on the Aloha shirt, generally designed with short sleeves and an open collar. They usually have buttons, sometimes as a complete button-down shirt, and sometimes just down to the chest (pullover). Kariyushi shirts usually have a left chest pocket sewn in, often with attention to ensure the printed pattern remains continuous. The shirts are cut short so that they can hang comfortably outside the pants. Patterns on the shirt use motifs from scenery characteristic to Okinawa such as bitter melons, hirami lemons, and Okinawan dragon boats.
The price of the shirts can vary from a few thousand yen for cheaper versions to several tens of thousands of yen for high-grade shirts made from "musa basjoo" "Japanese fiber banana", similar to Hawaiian tapa cloth.
Many variations of the shirt debuted from 2000. Shirts with longer sleeves were designed for women who were concerned with sunburn, and formal designs made from black fabrics for ceremonial events were sold.
Currently, wearing kariyushi shirts is promoted during the period of April to November. During this period, a large percentage of local government personnel wear the kariyushi shirt. In September 1999, the Okinawa parliamentary body gave permission for members to wear the shirt inside the parliamentary chambers. Many of these members currently wear the shirt and progress is being made for the local assembly to wear the shirts. Post office workers and Japan Transocean Air have their own characteristic shirt which they wear in the summer as part of their uniform. Even members at branch offices belonging to Okinawan companies located outside of Okinawa wear the shirt on "casual Friday".
Branding.
The term "Kariyushi shirt" was a registered trademark of Okinawa Industrial Federation but the right was transferred to the Okinawa Apparel Sewing Industrial Association. The rules of the authorization are as follows:


List of North American opera companies

This inclusive list of North American opera companies contains American and Canadian professional opera companies and opera related organizations with entries in the Wikipedia. For opera companies in Latin America (including Mexico) see List of Latin American and South American opera companies. For opera companies from other countries, see List of opera companies.


Sigale Gale

Sigale Gale or Si Gale-Gale is a wooden puppet used in a funeral dance performance of the Batak people in Samosir Island, Northern Sumatra. Sigale Gale is a well known feature to visiting tourists. During the dance, the puppet is operated from behind like a marionette using strings that run through the ornate wooden platform on which it stands. The set up enables its arms and body to be moved and its head to turn.
Traditionally the performance was carried out of childless person. Batak Toba believe souls become an ancestral spirit and the children of the deceased perform funerary rites. If a person died childless a si gale-gale is created as a substitute. Complicated sigale gale could be life sized and featured actuation using wet moss or sponges that could be squeezed to make the dolls appear to cry.
The wooden figure has jointed limbs were mounted on large wheeled platforms on which, weeping, they danced during funerary ceremonies called "papurpur sepata", held for persons of high rank who had died without offspring. The ritual dispelled the curse of dying childless, and placated the spirit of the deceased so that he would do no harm to the community.
Legend.
The use of the si gale-gale figure is said to have originated from the legend of a childless woman named Nai Manggale, who on her deathbed instructed her husband to have a lifesize image made of herself to be called si gale-gale and to have a dirge played before it. Unless this was done, her spirit would not be admitted to the abode of the dead, which would in turn force her to put a curse on her surviving spouse. To avert this misfortune, the si gale-gale was created. Si gale-gale figures are either male or female, depending on the gender of the deceased.
Early reference.
Among the earliest references to the "si gale-gale" is the German missionary Johannes Warneck's description of the sculpture's use in the early twentieth century. When a rich man died without a surviving son, his relatives held a special feast both to mourn his death and to demonstrate his wealth. For this festival a wooden figure in the likeness of the deceased was commissioned and clothed in traditional costume, with shawl, headdress, and gold jewelry. Mounted on a wheeled platform and manipulated by an elaborate system of strings, the figure danced while the deceased's wife, parents, and brothers danced alongside, weeping. The image was led ceremoniously to the market, where pork, beef, or buffalo meat was distributed·among those gathered. After the prescribed period of dancing, the "si gale-gale" was shot and thrown over the village walls. The Batak saying "Wealthy for a moment like a "si gale-gale" figure" thus refers to a rich man with no heirs to care for his spirit in the afterlife.


Little Known Facts

"Little Known Facts" is a musical number in the Broadway musical comedy, "You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown". The music and lyrics were written by Clark Gesner in 1966. The song was in the original Off-Broadway production of the show in 1967 and was also in the revival production in 1999, where it was added an extra stanza by Andrew Lippa.
Basis.
The song is based on several Peanuts comic strips written by Charles M. Schulz. The strips show Lucy van Pelt teaching her younger brother, Linus van Pelt childish facts, that are of course, false.
Plot.
During the scene of the show, the music begins as Charlie Brown is center stage as Linus and Lucy enter. Charlie Brown questions their doing, Linus replies that Lucy feels that as an older sister, she is responsible to teach Linus facts about nature. Linus finds Lucy very intelligent, for he is not aware the facts are incorrect. After each of most of Lucy's teachings, Linus agrees with Lucy and Charlie Brown tries to tell Lucy what she's telling Linus is not true. After Lucy explains about snow coming up, Charlie Brown objects, but then Lucy adds that when the snow comes up, it is blown around by wind, so it looks like it comes down. Charlie Brown, exasperated, exclaims "Oh good grief!", storms off and bangs his head on a tree, which Linus questions. Lucy explains about the bark, and, only in the revival, sings the ending line.
False facts.
Throughout the number, Lucy teaches Linus the following facts:


Paris lace

Point de Paris is a French bobbin lace of the 18th century, with slender trailing designs in a point de Paris ground. It was a simple lace, and did not compete with those of Flanders. It was revived in the late 19th century for trimming lingerie and 'fancy linen'.
Point de Paris ground is used in other lace styles as well. It has many other names:
It is also found in Antwerp lace, Chantilly lace and Bucks Point.


Spool knitting

Spool knitting, corking, French knitting or tomboy knitting is a form of knitting that uses a spool with a number of nails around the rim to produce a narrow tube of fabric. The spool knitting devices are called knitting spools, knitting nancys, or French knitters.
The technique is to wrap the yarn around the spool's pegs. The yarn is then lifted over, thereby creating stitches. This process is repeated continually until the project is complete.
Spool knitting is a traditional way to teach children the basic principles of knitting. According to Mary McCormack, author of "Spool Knitting" (published in 1909), "Few elementary exercises have aroused more interest in the child than the toy knitting; due, perhaps, to its simplicity and his power to do it easily and well."
Spool knitters typically have four or five pegs (or brass nails), although the number can range to more than one hundred.
Many things can be made from the resulting tube. For example, it can be wound in a spiral to produce a mat or rug or, if a larger spool with more nails is used, a sock or a hat could be made. Historically, spool knitting has been used to make horse reins.
Spools sold as "knitting nancys" sometime had a picture of a girl painted or printed on them, thus resembling a wooden doll. Homemade knitting spools are sometimes made by placing a peg-like object, such as a nail, into a hard solid object, such as a block of wood.
I-cord is a similar, but not identical, knitting technique.
Knitting spools are the oldest members of the knitting loom family, with a history dating back over 400 years. It has been speculated, however, that the so-called Roman dodecahedra may have been used as glove knitting devices, dating to "c." 1st–5th century CE.
Beginning in the latter half of the 20th century, various small looms (usually plastic) using the same peg-knitting technique as knitting spools have been made. Some are larger than knitting spools, and can knit larger items. Some are straight, enabling flat items such as blankets or scarfs to be made, and some are round for making socks, hats, or other similar items. Simple versions contain just peg-like structures sticking up from a solid object. More complex ones operate complex mechanisms and automatically produce a knitted item with just a simple motion, such as a turn of a crank.


Rose Museum

The Rose Museum, located on the second floor of Manhattan's Carnegie Hall at 154 West 57th Street, is a small museum dedicated to the history of Carnegie Hall. The museum, which opened in 1991, was funded by the Susan and Elihu Rose Foundation and includes more than 2,500 feet of archives and more than a century of concert programs. The plan when the museum opened was to supplement its permanent collection with a series of rotating exhibits. The museum also focuses on the Hall's uncertain future following the growth of Lincoln Center and the sale of Carnegie Hall in the late 1950s leading to the campaign preservation spearheaded by Isaac Stern and New York City's purchase of the Hall in 1960 for a sum of $5 million as well as its being declared a National Historic Landmark in 1962.
Past exhibits have included: Tchaikovsky, in honor of his trip to New York City for the opening of Carnegie Hall; Marian Anderson, the first African American to sing at the Metropolitan Opera; George and Ira Gershwin, in honor of the centennial of George's birth; and one on Leonard Bernstein, among others. The museum's collection also includes a number of items of interest to music lovers: a program from the Vienna Philharmonic's debut concert on March 28, 1842, a ring owned by Beethoven, a pair of Johannes Brahms's eyeglasses, one of Richard Strauss's notebooks, which contained sketches of "Danube", an unfinished poem as well as one of Benny Goodman's clarinets and one of Toscanini's batons. It also includes a sequinned jacket owned and worn by Judy Garland and the trowel used in laying the cornerstone of Carnegie Hall.


Chung Fat

Chung Fat (born December 2, 1953),a native of Guangdong, is a Hong Kong film actor, choreographer, producer and director. He primarily stars in jiangshi films and martial arts films.
Performing experience.
Chung Fat, member of the Han ethnicity, was a disciple of Madame Fan Kuk-fa of The Spring and Autumn Drama School.
When he was a teenager, he was a Northern Praying Mantis practitioner with Lam Ching-ying, under Madame Fok guidance. He became proficient in a great variety of martial arts weapons and techniques.
Chung Fat debuted very early at the silver screen, shooting "Enter the Dragon" (1973) with Bruce Lee. Chung stated, "You need thousands of extras, some of which must be at the pinnacle of martial arts, Lam Ching-ying was the fellow with the opportunity when they were hiring extras". Chung Fat played a small role as an island security guard that was hanged in the end.
With that opportunity, he entered in the movies circle, being at the front line more than 30 years, in addition to his jiangshi-themed films. Chung only had three protagonist roles in his career, but instead, he was often cast in supporting or secondary or mainly villain roles. He also has worked as a director, choreographer, and planner.
He had a long-term collaboration with Jackie Chan and Sammo Hung. In the 21st Century his film apparitions had basically fade out, making mainly commercials. However, in 2013 he was invited back to the silver screen by Juno Mak to film his new jiangshi film, "Rigor Mortis" and help to fight off those new vampire-zombies.


Put On a Happy Face (song)

"Put On A Happy Face" is a popular song with lyrics by Lee Adams and music by Charles Strouse. It was introduced by Dick Van Dyke in the musical "Bye Bye Birdie".


Three Bronze Discs

Three Bronze Discs is a piece of public artwork by American artist James Wines located in the courtyard of the Golda Meir Library, near Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Made of bronze, the sculpture is three circular bronze discs located in a pool of water. It is 10 feet by 8 feet and 5 feet in diameter.
Historical information.
"Three Bronze Discs" was created for the then new Golda Meir Library at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. It is set in a sunken brick courtyard outside the library. The building's architectural plan called for a sculpture, planter, and benches in the courtyard. Wines designed and molded "Three Bronze Discs" in plaster and the work was cast in bronze in Rome. According to Diane Buck, author of "Outdoor Sculpture in Milwaukee," "The elements of the sculpture and its site represent one of the few local successful collaborations between artist and architect."
According to Kenneth Bendiner, chair of the art history department at UW-Milwaukee, "The sculpture mixes and matches suggestions of the organic and the mechanical, the human and the human-made. It is a work not likely to incite the animosity of coming generations. One of the reasons for the rise of 'abstract' monuments in the 1960s is their ability to avoid controversial social issues. At a time of racial strife, civil unrest, anti-war protest, etc., committees can avoid the problems of representing specific people or specific events or specific statements by erecting monuments with indefinite reference."
Location history.
When the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee was formed in 1956 from the Wisconsin State College-Milwaukee and the Extension Division downtown, there were only two academic units: the College of Letters and Science and the School of Education. The Kenwood Library (now Mellencamp Hall) continued to serve the school for a time, but as the growth of the university accelerated, it became apparent the Kenwood Library would be too small for the anticipated number of holdings. Construction began in 1967 on the first stage of a modular library building planned to provide for future growth. After additions in 1974 and 1987, the original size of the library doubled.
Artist.
A native of Chicago, James Wines grew up admiring the architecture of Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright. After receiving his fine arts degree from the University of Syracuse in 1956, Wines began competing for commissions which blended architecture and sculpture. "Three Bronze Discs" is one of his earliest commissions. He referred to the work as circular "geometric units designed in answer to the building's sharp angular feeling." The work is most effective as seen from different perspectives outside and inside the library, especially from the large window-encased stairwell overlooking the courtyard.


Gamaka (storytelling)

Gamaka, also known as kaavya vaachana, is a form of storytelling by singing that originated in Karnataka, India. One person reads a stanza of a poem with highest emphasis on meaning, applying suitable raga or a "dhaati" (melodic line), usually matching the emotion of the poem; the song generally has no established rhythm. Another person then explains the meaning of the stanza with examples and anecdotes. Gamaka draws ragas from traditional Kannadatunes, Yakshagana and Karkataki music . The singing itself is called "gamaka" and the singer a "gamaki". The explanation of the rendering is called "vyakyana". The emphasis in kaavya vaachana is on literature ("Saahithya") and not on music where singer splits compounds words in poems to make it easier to understand.
The poems are chosen mostly from old Kannada epics such as "Karnataka Bharatha Kathamanjari", "Jaimini Bharatha", "Harischandra Kavya", "Siddarameshwara charite", "Ajita purana", "Devi-Bhagavata", and "Torave Ramayana" and recently from that of "Sri Ramayana Darshanam"
Gamaka Academy.
Karnataka "Gamaka Kala Parishat" (Academy of Gamaka Art, Karnataka) based in NR Colony, Bangalore is an organisation that is formed to support and encourage the Gamaka Art form. "Gamaka Kala Prishat" conducts certification exams in Gamaka, with it syllabus consisting of poems picked from the above-mentioned epics. They also hold annual meet of all the gamakis across state to discuss the state and future of gamaka
Gamaka Kala Vedike North America.
Gamaka art is flourishing in the North Americas. An organization for promoting Gamaka in north America was established in the year 2020.
Misconceptions.
There is a misconception that gamaka and harikathe are the same. Gamaka is different from gamak (or gamakam), the words used in Indian classical music to refer to the styles of rendering a note (see ornaments (in music). Gamaka sometimes is mistaken for a form of music, but is instead a clear reading of complex poetry with complete emphasis on literature while its musicality is also important, but secondary.
Styles.
There are many styles in gamaka. While Bangalore, Mysore and Matturu styles heavily use Karnataka Sangeetha, styles of Sagara and Theerthahalli region use more folk/traditional central Karnataka style of singing with emphasis on literature. There is some influence of Yakshagana style in singing.


Memoirs of a Peasant Boy

Memoirs of a Peasant Boy () is a social and historical novel by Galician writer Xosé Neira Vilas published in Argentina on January 5, 1961. It is a book on the Galician field seen by the eyes of a child, and is the most read work of galician-language literature, with more than 600,000 copies sold by 2015. It is dedicated "to all boys and all girls who speak Galician".


Cecelia Pedescleaux

Cecelia Tapplette Pedescleaux, also known as Cely, (born August 6, 1945) is an African-American quilter of traditional and art quilts, inspired by historians, other African-American quilters, and quilt designs used during the Underground Railroad to communicate messages to slaves seeking freedom. Her quilts have been shown in China, France, Washington, D.C., New Orleans, and in other locations in the United States. A solo show of 75 of her quilts were shown at the Le Musée de Free People of Color in New Orleans (2013–2014).
Career.
Pedescleaux's interest in textile arts began as a child when she began to crochet and knit. In the late 1960s, she began creating quilts based upon traditional designs. As she read design and other books about American slaves, her designs became Afro-centric. She has created quilts based upon African art, like the bright, beaded quilt with the Ashanti Adinkra symbol Gye Nyame, meaning "accept God", from Ghana that was shown at the Inspiration Exhibition curated by Don Marshall and Sara Hollis at the Contemporary Arts Center. The book, "Hidden in Plain View", by Jacqueline Tobin and Raymond G. Dobard, Jr., a Howard University professor, tells of how quilts were used to document secret messages and routes used by slaves to navigate the Underground Railroad. This book served as an inspiration to Pedescleaux, who researched African-American quilters and quilt designs related to the Underground Railroad and reproduced many of the designs.
She has been inspired by the work of Mary McLeod Bethune and the books of David C. Driscoll, Carolyn L. Mazloomi, Faith Ringgold, Cuesta Benberry, Roland Freeman, Gladys-Marie Fry, and Maude Wahlham. Pedescleaux has also been inspired by the multicultural city of New Orleans with people of African, Caribbean, Hispanic, European, and Native American heritage. She says that her quilts are "made up of 75 percent research, 15 percent cloth, and 10 percent heart". She has created traditional and art quilts, using thread painting, beading, trapunto, patchwork, wax batik, photo transfer, cloth collage, three-dimensional cloth flowers and figures, and traditional African American quilting techniques such as strip quilting.
About her work, she said,
She lectured, demonstrated, and taught quilting throughout the United States and established a quilting group at Beecher Memorial United Church of Christ in New Orleans that made more than 100 quilts for Child Welfare agencies in 2013. A quilt that she made of the revolt on "La Amistad" is held at the Amistad Research Center.
Nine of her quilts were shown in "A Patchwork of Cultures: Traveling Exhibit from Louisiana to France," an exhibition sponsored by the French Patchwork Association at the U.S. Embassy in Paris in 2008 to 2009. The DAR Museum in Washington, D.C. exhibited the quilts in 2010 at the "Honoring Lafayette Contemporary Quilts from France and America" exhibition. Her work was included in "The Sum of Many Parts: 25 Quilt makers in 21st Century America" held in Beijing at the U.S. Embassy (2012–2013) and later at the State Historical Museum of Iowa (2013–2014). A one-person show, "Why I Believe: An African-American Perspective of Quilting" of 75 of her quilts were shown at the Le Musée de Free People of Color (2013–2014). "Jewels of Faith", representing "the complexity and simplicity of the people of the world, and their faith", was shown at "Imago Mundi—Reparation: Contemporary Artists from New Orleans" exhibition (2014–2015) at the New Orleans Museum of Art.
Drawings made by children at the Reliance Center in Houston, Texas were used in "Katrina Kids Quilt", which was displayed at The New York Arts Club in New York City. Her work has been shown at galleries and museums, including Ogden Museum of Southern Art, New Orleans Museum of Art (NOMA), New Orleans African American Museum, Ashe Cultural Arts Center, Jazz & Heritage Foundation Gallery, Contemporary Arts Center, and Stella Jones Gallery. Her work has also been shown at Southern University, Tulane University, Southeastern University, and Xavier University.


Nia Peeples

Virenia "Nia" Peeples is an American R&B and dance music singer and actress. Peeples is known for playing Nicole Chapman on the hit TV series "Fame"; Pam Fields, the mother of Emily Fields, on the drama "Pretty Little Liars"; Karen Taylor Winters on "The Young and the Restless"; and Sydney Cooke on "Walker, Texas Ranger". Her most recent television role was Grace's mom, Susan, on "The Fosters".
Early life.
Peeples was born in Hollywood, California, the daughter of Elizabeth Joan (née Rubic), a flamenco dancer, and Robert Eugene Peeples. She was raised in West Covina. Her maternal grandparents were immigrants from the Philippines. Her father, who was originally from Mississippi, was of Scottish, English, and Irish ancestry. Peeples attended UCLA during which time she performed as Liberace's opening act in Las Vegas on weekends.
Personal life.
Peeples lives in Malibu, California, and has one son Christopher (b. 1989 with ex-husband Howard Hewett) and one daughter Sienna (b. 1998 with ex-husband Lauro Chartrand).
She operates an internet based organization called Elements of Life, which promotes fitness, inspiration, healthy lifestyle changes and emotional well-being. She worked with business coach Amy Applebaum on its development.
On August 11, 2015, Peeples filed for divorce from her surfer husband Sam George. Peeples filed in Los Angeles County, 20 days before the couple's eighth wedding anniversary. Peeples is seeking to keep the couple's home, a Malibu manufactured home with an ocean view that's valued at $875,000. Also listed among the couple's community assets is a Las Vegas condo worth $91,000.
Career.
Music.
Peeples started her career as part of the performance group The Young Americans. In 1988 she hit #1 on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart with "Trouble", which climbed to #35 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Her most successful pop single is "Street Of Dreams", which hit #12 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 1991. She made a music video in 1986 for "All You Can Dream", directed by Alan Bloom and conceptualized by Keith Williams, for the purposes of promoting the values of UCLA. On February 4, 2009, Peeples presented Debbie Allen with a Lifetime Achievement Award at 10th anniversary show. Peeples also attends and performs at the annual live Fame Reunion concerts overseas.
Acting.
Notably, Peeples portrayed performing arts student Nicole Chapman on the hit TV series "Fame". In 1987, she was in the movie "North Shore" as Kiani. She also hosted the short-lived American version of "Top of the Pops" in 1987, a weeknight dance music program called "The Party Machine with Nia Peeples" (1991), and portrayed Texas Ranger Sydney Cooke in the CBS hit series "Walker, Texas Ranger" from 1999 to 2001. In 2004, she appeared in the "Andromeda" episode "The Spider's Stratagem", as arms smuggler and love-interest Rox Nava. Peeples joined the cast of "The Young and the Restless" in 2007, playing the role of Karen Taylor, and was released from the role in the spring of 2009. In 2010, she was cast in ABC Family's TV series "Pretty Little Liars", based on the book series by Sara Shepard. Peeples was featured on the July 7, 2013 episode of "Celebrity Wife Swap", in which she traded places with singer Tiffany.


Siparium

In Roman theatre, a siparium was a curtain stretched on the scaenae frons, the back wall of the stage. Human figures were presented on the siparium. When a play started, the siparium was lowered so it would be visible to the audience. At the end of a play, it would be raised again.


California, Here I Come

"California, Here I Come" is a song written for the 1921 Broadway musical "Bombo", starring Al Jolson. The song was written by Buddy DeSylva and Joseph Meyer, with Jolson often listed as a co-author. Jolson recorded the song in 1924. It is often called the unofficial state song of California. It entered the public domain in the year 2020.
State song.
Several attempts were made to designate "California, Here I Come" as the official state song of California, especially after a resolution passed by the California State Legislature in 1951 designated "I Love You, California" as the state song. However, these attempts proved unsuccessful, as "I Love You, California" was officially declared the state song in 1988.
Covers.
In 1924, Cliff Edwards ("Ukulele Ike") released a very upbeat single of the song, which included some scat vocals and a brief sung intro: "Goodbye forever, goodbye forever, I'm going away for a long, long time."
"Casa Loma Stomp," recorded by Fletcher Henderson, is a set of jazz variations on the song, whose tune is clearly audible in the first few verses and gradually disappears under the increasing complexity of the variations.
Freddy Cannon recorded this song on his debut 1960 album "The Explosive Freddy Cannon".
Ray Charles recorded a cover of this song, which appears in his 1960 album "The Genius Hits the Road".
The four future members of ABBA performed a Wild West-themed version of this song for their first joint television appearance in 1970, on the SVT program "Five Minute Saloon".
In 1977 Tom Waits released "Foreign Affairs", featuring a tribute to the song in a medley titled "Jack & Neal/California, Here I Come".
In 2010, Huell Howser teamed up musicians at the Musicians Institute and produced a cover and music video of "California, Here I Come."
Other songs.
The Dutch rock group Shocking Blue also had a song called "California Here I Come" on their first album "At Home" and on the North American version of that album, simply titled "The Shocking Blue". The same version of this song was later released as "Hear My Song" on the B-side of the "Never Marry A Railroad Man" single on the Colossus label. Their song, despite having the same title, should not be confused with the song co-written by Al Jolson. While the song titles are exactly the same, they are completely different songs and neither is based on or references the other.
In animation and television.
The song, often as an instrumental version, was frequently used by Carl Stalling and Milt Franklyn, musical directors at Warner Bros. Cartoons. The song often accompanies a character's hasty or spontaneous departure, such as in the 1946 cartoon "Hair-Raising Hare", 1950's "Bushy Hare", and 1955's "Rabbitson Crusoe", as examples.
A well-known rendition of the song appears in a season 4 episode of the television series "I Love Lucy". The episode, titled "California, Here We Come!" (1955), features the four principal cast members beginning a cross-country road trip from New York City to California, where Ricky Ricardo (Desi Arnaz) plans to make a movie. Ricky, who is shown behind the wheel driving across the George Washington Bridge from New York into New Jersey (and westward), begins singing the song's chorus and he is soon joined by Fred (William Frawley) and Ethel (Vivian Vance), and then, finally, by a badly off-key but highly spirited Lucy (Lucille Ball). At one point, Fred sings part of the chorus as a short solo in a manner that is highly suggestive of the syncopated style often associated with Al Jolson, and Ricky joins in briefly with a similar apparent nod to the song's originator. Still images of the famous scene, which have been popularized in posters and greeting cards, are often used to typify the "I Love Lucy" series (all four principal cast members are shown together and facing the camera) and the scene offers a nostalgic view of America's love affair with the automobile in the 1950s.
The song is played during the closing credits of The Monkees' 1969 TV Special, "33⅓ Revolutions per Monkee", with band member Peter Tork on lead vocals.
The song appears in the final episode of "Martin", entitled "California, Here We Come," on May 1, 1997, in which Martin and Gina say good-bye to the Motor City for jobs in Los Angeles.
Phantom Planet credits Al Jolson and the writers of "California, Here I Come" for Phantom Planet's song "California", which was used as the theme song to the television series "The O.C.". The 2002 song, although not a complete cover, alludes to Jolson's song in its lines "California, here we come / Right back where we started from".
The song is used as the theme song for the California historical travelogue series on PBS, California's Gold, hosted by Huell Howser. On November 9, 2010, Howser released a music video of his performance of "California, Here I Come" on Los Angeles public-television station KCET.
In film.
In the 1934 W. C. Fields film "It's a Gift", a record of the song is shown on-screen and the Victrola needle is put down to play it. The recording then plays over the next scene, showing the Bissonette family packing for their trip to the West Coast.
Al Jolson sings it in the musical film "Rose of Washington Square" (1939).
The song is featured as the main title theme of the 1945 motion picture "Back to Bataan", starring John Wayne and Anthony Quinn. It was the Victory March of the US Sixth Army, which played a major role in the liberation of the Philippine Islands. The Sixth Army, formerly the Army of the Pacific, was based in California with its headquarters at the Presidio near San Francisco.
In the 1980 movie The Shining, Jack Nicholson sings part of this song as "San Francisco Here I Come" while lost in the snow covered maze.
In the 1981 Burt Reynolds and Dom DeLuise comedy "The Cannonball Run", the Doctor (portrayed by Jack Elam) musses the chorus in the background during a discussion.
In what is arguably the most ironic appearance of the song in popular culture, in the 2003 Canadian film "The Saddest Music in the World", the song is played by the American team in the final round of the competition (against Serbia), by a multicultural orchestra consisting of violins, sitar, and Romanian panpipes.
Other cultural references.
The song was played by the ship's band of the aircraft carrier USS "Yorktown" (CV-5) as the ship steamed from Pearl Harbor to participate in the Battle of Midway. The song may have been intended as a deception, as the severely outnumbered American forces depended on surprise to gain an advantage in the battle. Japanese agents seeing the "Yorktown" departing would hopefully conclude that it was steaming for the mainland rather than to Midway.
The song is the theme song for "California's Gold".
The song is played in the classic Sierra game "Gold Rush!" as the ship carrying fortune seekers comes to port in Sacramento.
Richard Nixon, in a set of instructions he left in case he were to die in office, directed that "California, Here I Come" should be played "softly and slowly" at his funeral. When President and Mrs. Ronald Reagan left Washington, D.C. in 1989 to return to Los Angeles, "California, Here I Come" was played as they boarded Air Force One.
The song was one of many California related songs played throughout "Sunshine Plaza" in the original Disney California Adventure.
The fight song of San Francisco State University, the "State Victory Song," is sung to the tune of "California, Here I Come."
The song was sung during the Pageant of the Masters' recreation of Maxine Albro's "California." The Pageant of the Masters makes "living recreations" of art in Laguna Beach every year.
The Coburg Football Club, playing in the Victorian Football League, use 'California, Here I Come', for their song, 'Coburg will be there'.


Abbas Arnaout

Abbas Arnaout () (born ) is a Jordanian director and writer, most known recently for being the founder and festival director of the Aljazeera International Documentary Film Festival, as well as his documentary film making career.
Abbas Arnaout studied film direction in the United Kingdom, and specialized in directing drama and television documentaries. Arnaout was the managing director of the Jordanian Television (now known as JRTV), but left in 1975 to work in Dubai TV. He directed several television series during his time at Dubai TV.
He also directed several documentary films, most of which are politically themed, documenting the recent history of the Arab-Israeli conflict. One of his prominent documentaries is "Al Khiam", which chronicles and portrays the nature of the Khiam detention center by the Israeli forces prior to their withdrawal from south Lebanon.
In 1996, Abbas Arnaout moved to work at Al Jazeera, and, in 2004, founded the Aljazeera International Documentary Film Festival. He currently is the director of the festival.


Deborah Pettway Young

Deborah Pettway Young (1916–1997) was an American artist associated with the Gee's Bend group of quilters.
Life.
Pronounced "D-bora", Deborah Pettway Young was the daughter of Louvenia and Paul Pettway. Her mother died when Deborah was seven years old, and she was thereafter raised by her father. He remarried twice, but Deborah had trouble adjusting to life with both of her step-mothers.
She married Nettie Young's father and together they raised three girls: Nettie Young, Lola Saulsberry, and Arcola Pettway. She was active in her church community and sang in church.
Work.
Young was a versatile textile artist. Never working from prefabricated patterns, she could see a dress or quilt and replicate it herself without guidance. Her daughter, Lola Saulsberry, expressed her shock at her mother's international recognition as an artist when she said in an interview, "I never dreamed that people would pay attention to her and Arcola's quilts. They were just making them to keep warm."
Her work is included in the collection of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco.


Miriam Nathan-Roberts

Miriam Nathan-Roberts is a contemporary artist who specializes in designing quilts. She has won best in show twice at Quilt National in 1982 and 1989. Her artwork has featured in "Art/Quilt Magazine", "Quilter's Newsletter", and "American Quilter", along with many books including "America's Glorious Quilts". In 2005 she served as one of three judges of the Quilt National show.


Show tune

A show tune is a song originally written as part of the score of a work of musical theatre, especially if the piece in question has become a standard, more or less detached in most people's minds from the original context.
Though show tunes vary in style, they do tend to share common characteristics—they usually fit the context of a story being told in the original musical, they are useful in enhancing and heightening choice moments. A particularly common form of show tune is the "I Want" song, which composer Stephen Schwartz noted as being particularly likely to have a lifespan outside the show that spawned it.
Show tunes were a major venue for popular music before the rock and roll and television era; most of the hits of such songwriters as Jerome Kern, Cole Porter, and George Gershwin came from their shows. (Even into the television and rock era, a few stage musicals managed to turn their show tunes into major pop music hits, sometimes aided by film adaptations and exposure through variety shows.) Although show tunes no longer have such a major role in popular music as they did in their heyday, they remain somewhat popular, especially among niche audiences. Show tunes make up a disproportionate part of the songs in most variations of the Great American Songbook.
The reverse phenomenon, when already popular songs are used to form the basis of a stage musical, is known as a jukebox musical.
Examples.
Particular musicals that have yielded popular “show tunes” include:


India Film Project

India Film Project is a content festival held in Mumbai, India. The festival features a flagship 50 Hour Filmmaking Challenge, where participants are given 50 hours to make a film after which a panel of judges select award winners. The competition has run each September since 2011 and is deemed as largest creative collaborative activity. Competitors form teams and are given a common theme to which they then write a script and shoot the films. They have a free choice of locations, equipment and actors. The teams are also responsible for post-production including editing and audio. In 2020, IFP introduced a 50 Hour Music Challenge, where participants produce tracks from scratch within 50 hours.
From 2016, the organizers added a two-day on-ground festival in Mumbai which talks about various aspects of creation across films, digital, literature and music with interesting conversations, workshops and performances. Over 20,000 content enthusiasts attend the festival every year making it one umbrella place for creators.
In 2017, IFP also added Scriptwriting Challenge, Storytelling Challenge and Design Challenge.
History.
India Film Project (IFP) was started by Ritam Bhatnagar in 2011 as the Ahmedabad Film Project, a competition for local filmmakers. In 2013 it was renamed the India Film Project, admitting entrants from other countries from 2014. The eighth edition held in October 2018 received entries from over 300 cities and 30 countries.
Season 1.
The first Ahmedabad Film Project in 2011 received 86 entries from 18 cities. Filmmaker Sanjay Gadhvi was the jury member. More than 600 filmmakers participated in the event. The theme for the filmmaking competition was 'Small things in life'. As founder Ritam says, "The motive of beginning this festival was to attract people towards filmmaking, considered a niche hobby back then". "The festival was meant to be a one-time activity, but the response was too good to make it an annual happening" he adds.
Season 2.
The 2012 Edition saw more than 1200 filmmakers, 120 teams from 24 cities across India, competing against each other to win the title of Best Film. Well-known Filmmakers like Shoojit Sircar, Vikramaditya Motwane, Rajesh Mapuskar and Komal Nahta were part of the jury. The theme 'Ingredients of Good Living' caught well with the filmmakers with some of the best films coming out of the competition.
Season 3.
The 2013 Edition of India Film Project saw as many as 4200+ filmmakers from 40 cities across India and neighbouring countries. The film project went online by allowing participants to shoot films from their own cities and uploading online. The project extended their filmmaking hours from 48 hours to 50 hours. The project kicked off on September 20, 2014. Versatile and award-winning filmmakers like Tigmanshu Dhulia, Nikhil Advani and Bejoy Nambiar served as the jury members. For the first time in India, an online film festival was a part of 2013 edition in association with NFDC, which allowed everyone to watch their favourite films online on their computer screen. The winning films of 2013 edition received amazing response such that they were selected for Jaipur International Film Festival for special screening.
Season 4.
The 2014 edition of India Film Project was announced on 28 May. The festival claimed to reach out to filmmakers from smaller towns and other countries through previous year's winning film screenings. The official trailer of 2014 edition was revealed on June 4, which featured a military theme. The trailer was shot with extensive use of VFX and sent out the message 'Shoot before you get shot'.
The jury for 2014 edition was announced in First week of August. The jury consisted of one of the Indian cinema's most prolific name Shyam Benegal and much acclaimed filmmakers Hansal Mehta, Omung Kumar and Umesh Shukla.
More than 8500 filmmakers participated in the edition from 85 cities across the world, mostly India, Singapore, Nepal, Pakistan, Indonesia, Dubai, USA and UK. Almost 500 films were made in the challenge over the 50 hours beginning on September 12, 2014.
Axis Bank and Mountain Dew had extended support to 2014 edition so that more and more filmmakers can avail the benefit of this activity.
Season 5.
The 2015 edition of India Film Project took the wings off festival to make it truly international. More than 14000 filmmakers are said to participate in this edition from 18 countries. The 5th season was announced on 15 May 2015 and the trailer was released on 15 June. The 2015 trailer was shot using a technique called visual illusion and garnered huge popularity amongst participants.
The festival lined up some very prominent faces of Bollywood who came forward as jury members. Two times National award winners Ketan Mehta and Onir along with film critic Raja Sen took up the mammoth task of judging 700+ films. The festival also saw its first female jury member Guneet Monga who was much appraised by the festival fans.
The festival saw huge participation from south Indian states such as Telangana, AP, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu with huge filmmaking fans flocking to the event. Apart from India, participation was seen from USA, UK, Germany, Singapore, Dubai, Australia, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Pakistan, Malaysia and other countries. The filmmaking hours started on 18 September and ended on 20 September. Considering the huge scale of festival, the award ceremony is expected to have more than 3000 people attend the gathering.
Season 6.
IFP 2016 was the festival's first edition to be held outside Ahmedabad. The festival officially moved to Mumbai as its new home ground. The 50-hour filmmaking competition saw more than 23,600 filmmakers who took part and made 1,220 films over the weekend. The theme announced was 'Top of the World'. The jury for the festival was Madhur Bhandarkar, Nagesh Kukunoor, Sriram Raghavan and southern super director Vetrimaaran. A good number of teams also participated from China, Dubai, US, and 16 more countries.
The grand finale held on 1 October at Mumbai. Tanmay Bhat, Ashish Shakya and Gursimran Khamba from All India Bakchod were seen along with Vasan Bala conversing about how web content in India was catching up pace and becoming a new entertainment destination for millennials.
Kanan Gill lead a conversation on 'How not to make a film' where he took the audience view of content creation. East India Comedy was represented by Sorabh Pant, Angad Singh and Azeem Banatwala, seen conversing with Raja Sen about importance of giving offence. Nikhil Taneja from Y-Films along with Anupama Chopra, Nidhi Bisht and Sameer Saxena from The Viral Fever conversed about the anatomy of making and distributing a web-series, a rather new form of content for youngsters. Karan Talwar and Anisha Rickshawalli joined Raja Sen in discussing about Split Personality on screen. Apart from conversations, the day also included a workshop on short storytelling and short filmmaking conducted by Terribly Tiny Tales and a screening of popular web films by Pocket Films.
The evening also saw Sumeet Vyas, Nidhi Singh of Permanent Roommates fame, Naveen Kasturia, Maanvi Gagroo and Amol Parashar from The Viral Fever. The event was hosted by RJ Megha, Malishka RJ and Rishi Kapoor. The event was attended by over 8,000 film enthusiasts from around the country.
Season 7.
The 2017 festival was held at Nehru Center in Mumbai on September 30 and October 1. More than 29,000 filmmakers from 18 countries participated in the 50-hour challenge, creating over 1,503 films, each of them 4 to 6 minutes, on the theme 'Everything is connected' over a weekend. The jury for the seventh edition of the festival was Ram Madhvani, Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury and Vipul Amrutlal Shah.
The 'Best of Digital' awards for YouTube videos were introduced with 5,512 nominations in 7 categories. Two other challenges added to festival were a Short scriptwriting challenge that was executed in association with Terribly Tiny Tales and a Poster Design challenge in association with The Souled Store.
The festival had 16,000 visitors attending conversations, workshops and screenings. The Viral Fever's new web-series called "Inmates" had its premiere at the festival, five days before its official launch.
The festival saw the likes of Ashutosh Gowariker, Devdutt Pattanaik, Nikkhil Advani, Irshad Kamil, Prajakta Koli, Nidhi Bisht, Neha Dhupia, Dia Mirza, Kunal Kapoor, Baradwaj Rangan, Kunal Kohli, Harsh Beniwal, Prahlad Kakkar, Siddharth Mahadevan, Vasan Bala and over 80 other speakers.
Cinthol, Maruti Suzuki, Hotstar, Nokia and Gujarat Tourism were the main sponsors of the event.
Season 8.
IFP Season 8 saw over 32,000 filmmakers participating and producing 1,550 short films in a duration of 50 hours. The 8th season saw participation from over 300 cities and 30 countries, with teams coming in from USA, UK, Ireland, Australia, Singapore, Dubai, Germany, China, France and more. This was the first time that IFP declared separate theme for each of its categories, namely Professional, Amateur and Mobile. The jury for the 50 Hour Filmmaking Challenge were Sudhir Mishra, Milan Luthria and RS Prasanna.
The two-day festival in Mumbai was spread across four stages, talking about creation, collaboration and celebration of content. Over 16,000 visitors attended the two-day festival, consisting of engaging conversations, screenings, workshops and Ask me Anythings. The festival saw presence of Alexander Payne, Ayushmann Khurana, Bhumi Pednekar, Kartik Aaryan, Vicky Kaushal, Ashwin Sanghi, Vidya Vox, Shankar Tucker, Bhuvan Bam, Prajakta Koli, Hansal Mehta, Ashwini Iyer Tiwary, Benny Dayal, Kunal Roy Kapoor, Anupama Chopra, Mithila Palkar, Dhruv Sehgal, Rajeev Masand, Vikramaditya Motwane, Bejoy Nambiar, Sona Mohapatra, Mallika Dua, Kaneez Surka, Ashish Chanchlani and over 70 more artists. The Viral Fever's upcoming series Hostel Daze and Dice Media's What the Folks Season 2 were premiered at the festival.
The festival also saw three challenges: Poster Design Challenge for designers, Short Scriptwriting Challenge for writers and Voice Your Words Challenge for Storytellers.
Datsun, Lifebuoy, IMDb, Johnnie Walker and Gujarat Tourism were the main sponsors of the season 8.
Season 9.
IFP Season 9, held in September–October timelines, saw over 36,000 filmmakers participating and producing 1,710 short films in a duration of 50 hours. The participation came from 320 cities and 18 countries, with teams from USA, UK, Australia, Turkey, Dubai, Singapore and many more. The jury for the Challenge were Abhishek Chaubey, Anjani Menon, Pan Nalin and Pradeep Sarkar.
The two-day festival was moved to Mehboob Studios at Bandra, Mumbai at a fairly large venue to accommodate the growing community. Over 17,000 creators from 58 cities travelled down to attend the festival, which was spread across 4 stages, with interesting conversations, workshops and screenings. The festival saw presence of Naseeruddin Shah, Javed Akhtar, Manoj Bajpayee, Rajkummar Rao, Divya Dutta, Swara Bhaskar, Ishaan Khatter, Radhika Madan, Jim Sarbh, Devdutt Pattanaik, Vikramaditya Motwane, Prajakta Koli, Zakir Khan, Abish Mathew, Ashish Shakya, Aparshakti Khurrana, Gulshan Devaiah, Anupama Chopra, Anand Gandhi, Kusha Kapila, Jordindian, Be Younick, Beer Biceps, Gaurav Taneja, Kaneez Surka, Gaurav Gera, Ritviz, Naezy Mikey McCleary, Ahsaas Channa, Anand Tiwari, Yahya Bootwala, Amandeep Singh, Kubbra Sait and over 80 more artists. The workshops on post-production, cinematic lighting, pitching, visual effects, use of gimbal, creativity, visual storytelling, self care and many other sessions were introduced to reach out to relevant audiences. The poster of Divya Dutta and Swara Bhaskar's upcoming film Sheer Qorma was launched at the festival amidst much fanfare. Mikhil Musale's upcoming film Made in China starring Rajkumar Rao also launched its teaser at the festival.
The festival also saw huge participation across Scriptwriting Challenge, Storytelling Challenge and Design Challenge. The winning stories from Storytelling Challenge were later converted in to audiobooks. The winning posters from the Design Challenge are being merchandised and sold to larger audiences across India.
Signature, Myntra, Exide, Adobe, Nikon, DJI, Kingston and Gujarat Tourism were the principal sponsors of the season 9.
Season 10.
IFP Season 10 saw over 53,000 unique creators participate across challenges and over 27,000 creators attend the 4 day virtual festival. Festival Director Ritam Bhatnagar quoted ""Season 10 was nothing short of a miracle. To pull off a festival with over 65,000 unique creators in challenges and virtual festival amidst times when most festivals were getting cancelled has been our feat in itself"". The participation came from 343 cities and 23 countries.
The 50 Hour Filmmaking saw approximately 38,000 filmmakers participate and create 1804 short films over a weekend. The festival also introduced a 50 Hour Music Challenge, one of its kind which saw 1,200 original tracks made by 11,000 participating musicians from across 7 countries. The festival saw surge in participation across Scriptwriting, Storytelling and Design Challenge.
The organizers announced a 4-day virtual festival that saw over 27,000 attendees across 3 stages. Some of the people on IFP's stage in 2020 were Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Maiteryi Ramakrishnan, Bhumi Pednekar, Mira Nair, Shabana Azmi, Pankaj Tripathi, Adil Hussain, Kirti Kulhari, Gajraj Rao, Shweta Tripathi, Vikrant Massey, Resul Pookutty, Mumbiker Nikhil, Beyounick, Rasika Dugal, Ratna Pathak Shah, Kabir Akhtar, Karthik Subbaraj, David Jones, Guneet Monga, Madhu Trehan, Kusha Kapila, Mohd. Zeeshan Ayyub, Dolly Singh, Sumeet Vyas, Amol Parashar, Maanvi Gagroo, Jaideep Ahlawat, Jim Sarbh, Pulkit Samrat, Kriti Kharbanda, Priya Malik and over 140 artists on the stage. The festival also saw workshops on cinematography, pre-production, music production, illustrations, doodling, sound design and many more by GoPro, Sennheiser, Spotify, Celtx, XP Pen, etc.
OnePlus, Bumble, Tata Sky, Acer, Fujifilm, MUBI were the main sponsors for the season 10.