2006 GP2 Series

The 2006 GP2 Series season was the second season of the Formula One feeder championship GP2 Series. The season began at Circuit de Valencia, Spain on 8 April 2006 and ended in Monza, Italy on 10 September 2006. The championship was won by ART Grand Prix driver Lewis Hamilton, over Piquet Sports driver Nelson Piquet Jr.
2006 GP2 car modifications.
Chassis.
The 2006 specification GP2 Car was designed by Dallara Automobili. The 2006 GP2 car featured a biplane rear wing, with the triplane rear wing used in 2005 only to be used at the Monaco race. The front upper and lower wishbones were reinforced, as were the front and rear suspension uprights.
Engine.
The 4 litre V8 engine featured internal, cartographic and software upgrades designed to improve performance and fuel consumption.
Gearbox.
The 2006 gearbox was manufactured by GearTek, and featured an 8 position barrel, with ratchet body and software upgrades, as well as a new transverse shafts fixing system designed to facilitate improved gear selection.
Tyres.
The tyres supplied by Bridgestone for the 2006 season were full-slick, not featuring the four-line grooved slick seen in the 2005 season. Bridgestone supplied a soft, medium, and hard compound tyre, with the tyre choice being made by Bridgestone and the GP2 Series prior to each event. The wet specification tyre remained the same as 2005.
Other parts.
Brembo supplied a new development of monobloc brake calipers and disc bells, which were exclusive to GP2. The car also featured internal cooling upgrades, a new water radiator, radiator duct, oil and water heat exchanger, modified oil degasser, new oil and water pipes and new heat exchanger fixing brackets.
Sporting regulations changes.
The only change to the sporting regulations for the 2006 season was that drivers would only be awarded a single point for fastest lap in a race, rather than the two points that were awarded in 2005. The driver also had to start the race from his allocated grid position to be eligible to claim the fastest lap.
Season summary.
Nelson Piquet, Jr. won the first race at Valencia ahead of two rookies, Lewis Hamilton and Adrián Vallés. The latter failed to score in the rest of the season apart from one point for fastest lap at Barcelona. In a sprint race, Vallés was involved in a collision with Adam Carroll who rolled multiple times. The sprint race was won by Michael Ammermüller who had promising start to the season but failed to score during last six weekends.
Gianmaria Bruni and Ernesto Viso then shared victories at Imola, where Hamilton failed to score, after being black-flagged in the feature race and therefore starting the sprint race from back of the grid. Hamilton won both races at Nürburgring, after Piquet took pole position but had a big crash following car failure in the feature race. He also failed to score in the sprint.
Hamilton was on course to win feature race at Barcelona, but he collided with his teammate Alexandre Prémat on the last lap. The Frenchman went on to win with Hamilton second. Viso took his second victory of the season by winning the sprint. Hamilton then won three races in a row, including at Monaco where Nicolas Lapierre and Olivier Pla were injured and did not start. At his home circuit in Silverstone, Hamilton won the feature and then the sprint, where he overtook Clivio Piccione and Piquet in one move.
There were few notable driver changes during the early season. Giorgio Pantano returned to the series with after missing the first three rounds and Timo Glock moved from BCN to iSport between the Monaco and British rounds. Both were serious contenders for race wins for the rest of the season and they shared victories at Magny-Cours. Glock also won at Hockenheim after overtaking José María López on the final lap.
At this point, Hamilton had a 26-point lead over Piquet, but the Brazilian bounced back with a perfect weekend at Hungary, taking pole, two wins and two fastest laps. Hamilton spun in qualifying and started the feature race from back of the grid. He failed to score there but took second place in the wet Sunday sprint.
Piquet's form continued in Turkey, where he won the feature race from pole. Hamilton was second, and in the sprint, he recovered from an early spin to take second place, while Piquet had to settle for fifth. Andreas Zuber took advantage of his front row starting position and won the race.
Hamilton led by ten points before final weekend in Monza. Piquet cut the lead to eight by taking pole. Pantano beat both of them in the feature race and set the fastest lap as well. Piquet finished second and Hamilton third, meaning that the championship would be decided in final race. However, Pantano was deemed to have ignored yellow flags on his fastest lap so that time was disallowed, giving a point to Hamilton who now clinched the title. Pantano made a fantastic start in the sprint and went from 8th to 1st before first corner, and went on to win the race. Hamilton followed and took 2nd, beating Piquet by 12 points in the end.
Championship standings.
Drivers.
"Polesitter for the feature race on bold. Driver in italics has been awarded point for fastest lap."


David Merkow

David Bartos Merkow (born May 5, 1985) is a long-hitting American :golfer.
He won the World Junior Masters tournament boys 14–15 division as a youth in 2000, and the American Junior Golf Association's SLI Junior Classic boys division two years later. In June 2005 he and a former high school teammate won the Wisconsin State Golf Association Best-Ball title.
For college, he attended Northwestern University. There, he won the individual title at the Second Annual Big Ten/Pac-10 Challenge in 2005, was named Big Ten Conference Player of the Year in 2006, and finished his college career 6th in Northwestern's all-time stroke average, at 74.27.
In 2008, playing in Argentina in the 11th Pan American Maccabi Games, he won two gold medals; both in the individual competition, and with the U.S. team in the team competition. In 2010 he was playing in the NGA Hooters Tour.
Early life and high school.
Merkow was born in Boston, Massachusetts, and grew up in Hartland, Wisconsin, from Milwaukee. His grandfather taught him how to play golf. In August 2000, he won the World Junior Masters tournament boys 14–15 division with a 227. In August 2002, he won the American Junior Golf Association's SLI Junior Classic boys division in New Seabury, Massachusetts, with a 212 (2 over par).
In Arrowhead Union High School in Hartland, he was co-Captain of the golf team in his senior year, and was a two-time all-state honoree (as a junior and senior, in 2002 and 2003).
He was one of only three Jewish students at the high school. Speaking about being Jewish, Merkow observed: "It does drive me. When I make it on [the PGA] Tour, I'd like it to be known that I'm Jewish. Whether it's wearing my Star of David [around his neck], or having a Chai on my [golf] bag, I want to show that there are good Jewish athletes."
College.
He chose to attend Northwestern University, where he was an economics major.
Merkow won the individual title at the Second Annual Big Ten/Pac-10 Challenge in October 2005, and led his team to the team title. He beat 2005 NCAA Champion James Lepp, with a 54-hole career-best score of 209 (7-under). In April 2006, at the 36th Robert Kepler Intercollegiate he took third place, with a 1-over 217. He was named Big Ten Golfer of the Week on March 2, 2006.
In 2006, he was named Big Ten Conference Player of the Year. He was the first golfer from Northwestern to win the award since Luke Donald in 2001. He was also ranked number one in the Golfweek/Sagarin Big Ten Player Ratings for the year. During 2005–06, he was in the top 20 in a total of six tournaments.
In April 2007, after he finished tied for 4th at the Kepler Intercollegiate, he optimistically said: "We've significantly underachieved this year. But no one will remember this if we win another Big Ten championship." In May 2007, however, his team narrowly missed the cut for the NCAA Championships which it had participated in the prior year, by a mere two strokes at the NCAA Central Regional Championship.
His teammate Kyle Moore said that: "It's hard to gauge how long he hits. If he [were] on the PGA Tour, he'd be one of the longest drivers out there." His coach Pat Goss observed that his skill at hitting iron shots into the wind distinguished him from other golfers. Speaking of Merkow in 2007, Goss predicted: "He is someone who is on the cusp of really doing something spectacular. He has a lot of talent."
Merkow graduated in June 2007, and ended his career 6th in Northwestern's all-time stroke average, at 74.27. In addition to his Conference Player of the Year honors, he was twice named All-Big Ten, was named to the Ping All-Midwest Region team, and was Academic All-Big Ten.
International career.
Merkow, playing in his first Maccabi Games, won a gold medal in the individual competition in the 11th Pan American Maccabi Games (which ended on January 2, 2008) at Hacoaj Golf Club in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He had a score of 282 (−10), competing in the age 18-and-up open division, winning with a 67 in the last round. He also won a second gold medal as the U.S. bested second-place Argentina in the team competition. For the first time he met cousins of his who lived in the city, and said: "It was absolutely unbelievable. It could not have been more special. I gave them one of my gold medals."
U.S. career.
In June 2004, at the age of 18, he was a semifinalist at the Wisconsin State Golf Association Match Play Championship.
In June 2005, he and former high school teammate Charlie Delsman won the Wisconsin State Golf Association Best-Ball title. In the 2005 Wisconsin State Golf Association Match Play Championship's last match, he lost 3 and 1.
In July 2006, he tied for fourth with a 289 at the Wisconsin 105th State Amateur Championship.
Merkow also played in the United States Golf Association U.S. Amateurs. In 2006 he played at the Hazeltine National Golf Club course in Minnesota, with his 71 being the second-lowest score in the 312-player field after the first day of stroke play. He was a quarter-finalist. He beat Malaysian golfer Ben Leong 5–3 in the first round. But he lost in the second round of match play to stroke-play medalist Billy Horschel, 3 and 1.
Merkow won the August 2007 U.S. Amateur qualifier at Hartland's Chenequa Country Club with scores of 66 and 64, for a 12-under 130. Later than month he played at the 107th U.S. Amateur at The Olympic Club in San Francisco, where he shot two back-to-back under-2 rounds of 69 to make the round of 64, and was one of just four golfers to put up sub-par numbers in stroke play, but was eliminated in the first round of match play. Because stroke play totals don't affect match play results, Merkow had observed: "There are two tournaments this week. Anybody who's in the top 64 can win. It starts over tomorrow." In 2007 he lost to Brendan Gielow 3–2. Making the match play both years, Merkow finished 21st and 2nd in the stroke play portion of the event.
CBS College Sports reported in May 2007 that in a qualifier at North Shore Country Club in Mequon, Wisconsin, Merkow shot a 2-under 70. That score was good enough for a tie for medalist honors, and afforded him a spot in the sectional qualifying round for the U.S. Open. He said: "My goal is to miss my graduation. It's June 15, which would be the Friday of the U.S. Open." In June 2007, however, he failed to qualify in the sectional qualifying at Scioto Country Club.
He has full status on the Hooters Tour, after winning the 2008 NGA Hooters Tour Ranking School by 4 shots. He has also played on the Gateway Tour.
In May 2010, Merkow advanced to the U.S. Open sectionals with a 69 at a local qualifying round at Illini Country Club.
In July 2015 he married Jordan Scher.
Coaching.
He was named assistant men's golf coach at Marquette University in August 2010. He joined the staff of Steve Bailey, his former assistant coach at Northwestern.


Australian Surf Life Saving Championships

The Australian Surf Life Saving Championships known as The Aussies is the national Surf lifesaving championships for Australia. It is the largest surf lifesaving event in Australia and the largest event of its kind in the world. It is organised by the Surf Life Saving Australia, and is held annually since 1915.
The first Australian Surf Life Saving Championships were held at Bondi Beach, New South Wales in March 1915.
During the 2015 Championships 7,000 surf lifesavers, representing 311 Surf Life Saving Clubs, will be competing in over 380 events in Youth Championships, Masters Championships and Open Championships. The 2019 Championships will be held at Broadbeach, Gold Coast, Queensland.
List of Champions.
Held at the Australian Surf Life Saving Championships every year, the Australian Ironman Title is awarded to the winner of this event. The format is the same as for typical surf carnivals, a 10-to-20-minute race with a field of 150 competitors, which over several rounds of will be reduced to a final of 16 athletes. It is the blue ribbon event the Championships, and also the one that attracts the most attention in terms of television and spectators on the beach. It is typically one of the last events on the program, raced on a final day of competition.


Windgap GAA

Windgap GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Windgap, County Kilkenny, Ireland. The club was founded in 1954 and is almost exclusively concerned with the game of hurling .Windgap are a Junior club located in South Kilkenny on the Tipperary border. Senior County hurlers from the club are Kieran Purcell and Paddy Walsh. Due to low numbers the underage team amalgamated with Galmoy in 2006 and won the "B" league the same year, they are still joined together in underage levels and have had some good successes. The Juniors have not had any major successes in recent years and are still slugging away in Junior.
Windgap also have a successful senior Camogie team. Senior County camogie players from the club include Denise Gaule, Catherine Foley and Michaela Kenneally. The camogie club has enjoyed multiple successes, most recently the under 16 camogie team has won the rionn B county final, 2016.


Christopher Wegelius

Harald Christopher Wegelius, born 13 September 1944 in Helsinki, is a Finnish former banker and show jumper. He was involved with the collapse of Skopbank in the Finnish banking crisis of the early 1990s, but was finally cleared by the Supreme Court in 2000.
Christopher Wegelius is the most successful Finnish show jumper and the latest Finn at the Olympics. He took part in the 1980 Summer Olympics finishing 12th place in the Individual Jumping Grand Prix. Wegelius was married to English-born Elizabeth Jane Murray from 1971 to 1981 and their son is the professional cyclist Charly Wegelius.


W. W. Brown

William Wayne Brown (27 February 1886 – 14 June 1958) was an American racecar driver who participated in the 1919 Indianapolis 500.
Biography.
He was born on February 27, 1886 in Dodge City, Kansas.
On July 17, 1913 he went hillclimbing in his car, the "Bear Cat", twenty miles to the summit of Pikes Peak in a . The ascent took 5 hours and 28 minutes.
He participated in the 1919 Indianapolis 500.
He died on June 14, 1958 in Kansas City, Missouri.


Atya patya

Atya patya is a traditional India sport played nine to a side, between two sides. It is more popular in rural areas of India. It is more commonly played in Maharashtra a western Indian state. Atya patya is described as a "game of feints". The playing area comprises nine trenches, coming out of either side of a central trench, points are awarded for blocking progress across the trenches made by one side, other side blocks this progress. It has been described as a game of "militant chase". The sport is played in a relatively small area and requires almost no equipment like other games indigenous to India such as kabaddi, seven stones, kho kho, gillidanda and langdi.
The national governed body of the sport is the "Atya Patya Federation of India". The federation was formed in 1982. The ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, government of India, lists the federation amongst its list of recognised federation for the year 2013. The federation is headquartered in Nagpur. Its president is H. B. Hallad.
The first south Asian Atya patya Championship was held in Bhutan in June, 2013. It was won by India.
2013 National Championship.
The national level Atya Patya tournament for 2013 was held at Bhatkal in Karnataka. Represented by 22 states & Union Territories, the event was organized jointly by Karnataka Atya Patya association Davangere and Bhatkal Atya Patya association.
Controversy.
The president of Puducherry Atya patya Association, Selvan refuted accusations levelled by Anbhagan, Member of Legislative Assembly, Puducherry, that Atya patya certificates were issued to take benefit of quota available to sports persons, in seats at medical colleges. He stated that the sport was registered in 22 states of India including in Tamil Nadu. The Orissa High Court, in 1997 observed that; "The clear and categorical case of the petitioner is that she having represented the Orissa State team is the VIth National (Senior) Atya Patya Championship held in New Delhi from 22nd to 24th July, 1994 which is a recognised national event is entitled to be admitted in the 1st year Diploma in Engineering under Sports quota." giving relief to a petitioner who was denied admission under sports quota.


Gracie jiu-jitsu ranking system

The Gracie jiu-jitsu ranking system is a method of signifying competency and moral character of a jiu-jitsu practitioner, developed by founders Carlos and Hélio Gracie, and utilized by members of the Gracie family.
Similar to the IBJJF Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system, the Gracie system has a number of key differences. Most notable is the half-color ranks included in the junior level, making for a larger series of ranks for practitioners under the age of 16 years old.
Bars and stripes / degrees.
Having its roots in the Japanese martial art and sport of judo, Gracie/Brazilian jiu-jitsu adopted a similar colored belt system to signify a practitioner's progression within the art. However, to differentiate jiu-jitsu from the other disciplines, a solid bar was included on the belt near one of the ends.
As a practitioner advances, stripes are awarded and placed at equidistant intervals on the solid bar—which is colored black for most belt ranks—as intermediate signifiers between belt ranks. Generally a student will receive four stripes before advancing to the next full rank, but it is not uncommon for a practitioner to be promoted to a new belt without being awarded all four stripes of the previous rank.
For most belt ranks, and most Gracie schools, each stripe is awarded at the discretion of the instructor, without any specific curriculum or qualification requirements. However, with adult ranks, (particularly the lower colors of blue and purple), proficiency in a set series of techniques may be required prior to consideration for stripe promotion. The Gracie Jiu-Jitsu Academy of Torrance, California (founded by Rorion and his brothers Rickson, Royler, and Royce, and now run by Rorion's sons Rener and Ryron), features an online program called Gracie University (GU) for satellite students who cannot attend live classes. For GU students, not only is there a defined set of techniques to demonstrate proficiency in, but a student is required to test their skills and be graded by the headquarters instructors for a minimum level of competency before being awarded a particular stripe. For live class students, the academy requires a minimum amount of class hours attended, as well as overall time as a student before consideration for a stripe.
Junior belt ranks.
When the Jiu-Jitsu Federation of Guanabara was created in 1967, it adopted the judo colored belt system developed thirty years prior by Mikonosuke Kawaishi and forty years prior by the London Budokwai, but instituted a separation between adults and children. Hélio Gracie, president of the Federation, felt that children could not be tested on the adult-level moral qualifications he held for normal rank advancement. For this reason, the colors of yellow, orange, and green were reserved for practitioners under the age of 16. (Both children and adults of any age begin training as a new student wearing a white belt.)
In the 1990s, Brazilian judo clubs began awarding grey belts for children advancing from white belt. In the same interest of providing children with more frequent rank promotion within Gracie jiu-jitsu, Pedro Valente Sr. and his sons proposed an adaptation to the youth belt system. It involved intermediate belts consisting of half-colors, awarded between full colored belts. Each half-color promotion includes a color previously attained, and the next full color rank. For example, between the white belt and yellow belt, a student earns a white/yellow belt. Between yellow and orange, a student earns a white/orange, and then a yellow/orange.
This change provides a full ten belts (as opposed to the previous system of only four), allowing instructors to award children more frequently, and increase motivation among young students. The new system was approved by Hélio in 2005, and he added that it was the most efficient and simple way to give children self-confidence.
Each rank has a recommended maximum age, beginning with the white/yellow belt at age 5 and under. Each subsequent belt has the recommendation for each subsequent year of age, ending with the green belt at age 13 and below. Under this schedule of promotion, a junior student would receive a stripe roughly every three months, and a new belt after each year of training until the age of 13. After green, the next belt rank is blue, which has a required minimum age of 16 years.
Although typical, it is not necessary for a student to go through each rank individually. Notably, Grandmaster Relson Gracie reported that he started competing at the age of 6 or 7 as an orange belt (prior to the half-color system), and remained at that rank until he turned 16, when his father Hélio awarded him a brown belt.
Conversion between junior belt systems.
The table below shows an approximate conversion between the Gracie jiu-jitsu ranking system and the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation system. These are the two most common systems for junior belts in Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Both systems span practitioners from 4 years old through 15 years old.
Adult belt ranks.
After turning 16 years old, a student is eligible to advance to the adult ranks, beginning with blue belt. As with the junior system, stripes are generally awarded signifying progression toward the next rank. However, in the adult ranks, promotions occur much less frequently than in the junior ages. Beginning with blue belt, a student will typically spend at least 2 years at each full rank before advancing to the next belt. The minimum age required for attaining a black belt is 18 years.
Beginning with black belt, each stripe earned is referred to as a "degree" (e.g. "2nd-degree black belt"), and typically requires a minimum of 3 years of teaching experience before consideration.
However, a practitioner may begin teaching at a blue belt rank or higher, and instruct students of a lower rank. Requirements for teaching generally include demonstration of proficiency in knowledge and technique, as well as completion of a probationary teaching period. Upon successful completion of full instructor requirements, a white border is added on each end of the solid bar on the individual's belt (regardless of color), signifying a fully certified instructor. The black belt for a non-instructor features a solid white bar (as opposed to the typical black bar found on the lower ranks). It is only when a black belt-level practitioner is in the process of becoming a professor and is teaching students, that this white bar is replaced with a red bar. Upon reaching the 2nd-degree of black belt, an instructor is commonly referred to as "professor."
Once a practitioner advances beyond the 6th degree of black belt, an alternating red and black belt is awarded, along with the title of "master". This belt is often referred to as a "coral belt" (after the color scheme of the coral snake), and is used to designate 7th degree black belt practitioners. Among international federations (most notably the IBJJF), the 8th degree of black belt is designated with an alternating red and white coral belt. As founder of the IBJJF, and 8th degree practitioner himself, Carlos Gracie Jr. wears this belt. Practitioners from the Hélio Gracie lineage however, maintain the red and black coral belt and simply add an additional stripe. Prior to their promotions, Rickson Gracie and Joe Moreira were notable examples of this. Pedro Sauer also maintains a red and black belt as an eighth degree rank.
Beyond 8th degree, the 9th and 10th degrees are signified with solid red belts. Noted practitioners Renzo & Royler Gracie have stated that the red belt in Gracie/Brazilian jiu-jitsu is reserved "for those whose influence and fame takes them to the pinnacle of the art". Red belt holders are often addressed within the art by the title "grandmaster".
The 10th degree has been given only to the pioneers of the art, being awarded to senior Gracie brothers: Carlos, Oswaldo, George, Gaston and Hélio. And to two additional masters, Luiz França and Francisco Sá
Unique belts.
In some instances, practitioners within the Gracie system will wear belts not recognized or utilized within the greater jiu-jitsu community. Some notable black belt level practitioners, including Royce Gracie and the Valente brothers, have transitioned to wearing a dark navy blue belt in deference to the historical tradition prior to the colored belt ranking system, (a white belt designated a student, a light blue belt designated an instructor, and head professors wore a dark navy belt). For a period of time, this was the system held by Helio Gracie. Royce in particular gave his reasoning in a live interview, stating that he has only ever been promoted by his father Helio, and after his father's passing, he has no interest in being promoted by anyone else. Therefore, he followed his father's example and began wearing a dark navy belt.
For individuals who begin training as adults (automatically bypassing junior grade levels), the Gracie Jiu-Jitsu Academy and its Certified Training Centers around the world award a white belt with a navy blue center to students who are promoted from the solid white (beginner) rank. This belt is referred to as a "Combatives belt" in reference to the Gracie Combatives program which serves as the foundation for all beginner students. This belt was introduced to serve as an intermediary rank for students who have completed the beginner curriculum, but still lack the level of experience commonly attributed to blue belt practitioners.
The Academy also introduced a pink belt for graduates of their Women Empowered self-defense program, a curriculum featuring a limited set of jiu-jitsu techniques specifically curated to defend against common sexual assault scenarios.


Harold Goldsmith

Harold David Goldsmith (born Hans Goldschmidt), known as Hal (July 20, 1930 – March 13, 2004) was an American Olympic foil and epee fencer.
Early and personal life.
Goldsmith was born in Gensungen, Felsberg, Hessen, Germany, and was Jewish. In 1938 when he was eight years old, his family fled Germany and immigrated to Manhattan. He attended Stuyvesant High School. He served as an officer in the United States Army.
In 1956 he married DelRene Millner and had sons John and Bob. In 1964 they moved to Ardsley, New York, and in 1991 they moved to Chilmark, Massachusetts.
Fencing career.
Goldsmith fenced for the Fencers Club in New York. He attended The City College of New York. Goldsmith won the 1952 NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) foil championship. He was inducted into the CCNY Athletic Hall of Fame in 1970.
He won the individual gold medal in foil in the 1955 Pan American Games and 1959 Pan American Games, and a team gold medal in foil in 1959. Goldsmith also won silver medals in both team foil and team epee in 1955.
Goldsmith was a member of three Olympic fencing teams, competing for the United States in 1952 in Helsinki, in 1956 in Melbourne, and in 1960 in Rome.
At the US National Championships, Goldsmith won medals in 1952, 1957, and 1960.
Hal Goldsmith died in New York City at the age of 73.


Squash at the Maccabiah Games

The game of international softball squash first became an official Maccabiah Games sport in the 10th Games, which were played in 1977. The competition was held at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, which had two courts that were covered by a tin roof and were open to the air. With the temperature in Jerusalem often reaching 90 °F+ (32 °C) in July, the inside temperature of the courts exceeded 100 °F (38 °C) on some days.
10th Maccabiah Games (1977).
The United States team consisted of the top Jewish hardball squash players in the country. The team was led by Glenn Whitman, former captain and number one player at Harvard University. Other players included Len Bernheimer, a top ranked amateur who previously played in college at Williams, Roger Alcaly, and Bill Kaplan, the recent captain of Harvard's varsity squash team.
The U.S. team was a heavy underdog, because none of the players had ever played any competitive softball squash, which is played on a wider court with a higher tin on the front wall and a much slower ball. Nevertheless, the U.S. team managed to earn a Silver Medal by upsetting both England and Australia before losing to South Africa in the finals.
11th Maccabiah Games (1981).
Captained by Bill Kaplan, now a world-ranked squash player on the World Professional (hardball) Squash Tour (WPSA), the U.S. Squash Team eked out upsets again to earn a Silver Medal, falling to South Africa in the finals. This time, the team included another Harvard freshman squash standout, David Boyum.
12th Maccabiah Games (1985).
Fielding its strongest team ever yet still with almost no competitive experience in the international softball game, the U.S. Team this time consisted of three professionally ranked WPSA hardball players, including captain Bill Kaplan, David Boyum, and Stewart Grodman, former #1 player at StonyBrook College. Unfortunately, Stew Grodman sustained heat exhaustion in an early round match in the 100+ degree courts and had to be taken to a hospital for intravenous therapy. South Africa again prevailed over the U.S. in the finals, leaving the U.S. with another hard fought Silver Medal.
Another notable player on the team was Brian Roberts, former #1 player at the University of Pennsylvania, who would go on to turn his father's growing cable TV business, Comcast, into the leading player in the industry.


Philippine Basketball Association

The Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) is a men's professional basketball league in the Philippines composed of twelve company-branded franchised teams. Founded in 1975, it is the first professional basketball league in Asia and is the second oldest continuously professional basketball league existing in the world after the NBA, established before the "open era" of basketball in 1990 where FIBA allowed longstanding domestic leagues, which mostly had predated the PBA, to become professional. The league's regulations are a hybrid of rules from the NBA and FIBA.
The league played its first game at the Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City on April 9, 1975. Its main offices are located along Eulogio Rodriguez Jr. Avenue (C-5 road), Eastwood City, Bagumbayan, Quezon City.
History.
The Philippine Basketball Association was founded when nine teams left the now-defunct Manila Industrial and Commercial Athletic Association (MICAA), which was tightly controlled by the Basketball Association of the Philippines (BAP), the FIBA-recognized national association at the time. With the BAP controlling the MICAA, the league was "de jure" amateur, as players were only paid allowances. This is much like what was done in other countries to circumvent the amateur requirement and to play in FIBA-sanctioned tournaments such as the Olympics. MICAA team owners were not pleased with how BAP, then led by Gonzalo "Lito" Puyat are taking away their players to join the national team without consulting them first. On January 23, 1975, Mariwasa-Noritake Porcelainmakers' team owner, Emerson Coseteng, together with Carrier Weathermakers, Toyota Comets, Seven-Up Uncolas and Presto Ice Cream announced the formation of the PBA. The Crispa Redmanizers, Royal Tru-Orange, Tanduay Distillery, and the U/Tex Weavers later joined the upcoming professional league. Leopoldo Prieto, the coach for the Philippines at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics, was appointed as the first commissioner and Coseteng was chosen as the first president of the league's Board of Governors. The first game of the league was held at the Araneta Coliseum on April 9, 1975, featuring Mariwasa-Noritake and Concepcion Carrier.
The league's first 10 years was known for the intense rivalry of the Crispa Redmanizers and the Toyota Tamaraws, still considered as one of the greatest rivalries in league history. Big names such as Robert Jaworski, Ramon Fernandez, Francis Arnaiz, Atoy Co, Bogs Adornado and Philip Cezar played for those squads before the two teams disbanded in 1983 and 1984 respectively. Following their disbandment, the league moved from the Araneta Coliseum to ULTRA in Pasig. There, the league continued to be popular, as several former Toyota and Crispa players suited up for different teams.
During the mid to late 80s, Jaworski and Ginebra San Miguel became the league's most popular squad for their "never say die" attitude. The team had intense rivalries with the Tanduay Rhum Masters, which was led by Jaworski's ex-Toyota teammate-turned-rival Fernandez, and later the expansion Purefoods Corporation and younger players Alvin Patrimonio, Jerry Codiñera, Jojo Lastimosa and Fernandez (who moved from Tanduay).
By the end of the 1980s, San Miguel Beer won numerous championships that included the 1989 Grand Slam, led by coach Norman Black and former national team stars Samboy Lim and Hector Calma.
In 1989, FIBA voted to allow professionals to play in their sanctioned tournaments, hence the PBA's players are now able to represent the country internationally. In 1990, the league sent its first all-professional squad to the Asian Games, earning a silver medal. The PBA would later send three more all-pro squads to the event.
The early 1990s saw Ginebra and Shell forming an intense rivalry that included Ginebra's walkout in 1990 finals against Shell and the team's dramatic comeback from a 3-1 deficit to beat Shell in the 1991 First Conference. Patrimonio, Allan Caidic, and a host of others became the league's main attraction.
By 1993, the league moved to the Cuneta Astrodome in Pasay and later saw the Alaska Milkmen win the 1996 grand slam and nine titles in the decade.
From 1999-2000, the PBA endured controversy. Several expatriate cagers arrived on the scene (such as Asi Taulava, Danny Seigle and Eric Menk). Their lineage was questionable and most of them were deported for falsifying documents. The arrival of dozens of these players was a counter to the fledgling Metropolitan Basketball Association, a regional-based professional league formed in 1998. After ABS-CBN's 2001 abandonment, the MBA faced mounting expenses and would fold within a year. Despite the MBA's disbandment and the arrival of those players to the PBA, attendance went sour for the PBA in 2002 and was even worse the following year.
In 2004, the league introduced drastic scheduling changes, when it decided to begin the season in October instead of January. The change in starting the season allowed the league to accommodate international tournaments held from June to September and it fit better with college hoops, the NCAA and the UAAP, whose seasons run from June to October. The league also reduced the number of conferences from three to two, renaming the All-Filipino Cup as the Philippine Cup and introducing a new import laden tournament named as the Fiesta Conference. To accommodate these changes, a transitional tournament, the 2004 PBA Fiesta Conference was held from February to July, which was won by the Barangay Ginebra Kings. The league also began to hold the annual All-Star weekend in the provinces, alternating from Luzon and Visayas/Mindanao provinces every year.
The league regained some popularity by this year, thanks in large part to Barangay Ginebra's three PBA championships led by Eric Menk, Jayjay Helterbrand and Mark Caguioa. Solid marketing and arrival of collegiate stars from the UAAP and the NCAA also worked in the PBA's favor.
By 2005, the league would take on the role of Philippine national representation under Chot Reyes, when FIBA lifted the suspension of the country following the formation of the Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas despite a ninth-place finish in the 2007 FIBA Asia Championship. In 2009, however, the all-amateur Smart Gilas team became the country's official representative in international competitions. The PBA's role in forming a national team was thus reduced to sending up reinforcements to beef up the national squad.
After the appointment of Chito Salud, son of former commissioner Rudy Salud as the commissioner of the PBA, the league returned the three-conference format starting in the 2010-11 season. This also ushered the return of the previously retired conferences, the Commissioner's and Governors' cups.
The beginning of the 2010s also saw the dominance of the Talk 'N Text Tropang Texters, who nearly got the Grand Slam in the 2010–11 season and won the Philippine Cup in three consecutive years (2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13) enabling them to permanently keep possession of the Jun Bernardino Trophy, the trophy given to the Philippine Cup champions.
On May 19, 2013, the third game of the PBA Commissioner's Cup Finals between the Alaska Aces and the Barangay Ginebra San Miguel set the all-time basketball attendance record of 23,436 at the Smart Araneta Coliseum, which broke the previous record of 23,108 set 11 days earlier that featured the semifinals series doubleheader between Alaska vs. San Mig Coffee and Barangay Ginebra vs. Talk 'N Text. This record was eventually broken on February 12, 2014, when the seventh game of the 2013-14 PBA Philippine Cup Semifinals series between Barangay Ginebra San Miguel and San Mig Super Coffee Mixers set the all-time basketball attendance record of 24,883.
The 2013–14 season became historic as the San Mig Super Coffee Mixers became the fourth team to win the Grand Slam. Tim Cone, the coach of the Coffee Mixers also made history when he became the first coach to win two Grand Slams.
For the 2014–15 season, the league expanded to twelve teams, after accepting two new franchises: Kia Sorento and Blackwater Elite. The league held its opening ceremonies at the Philippine Arena and set an all-time Philippine basketball attendance record of 52,612.
On February 15, 2015, in the middle of the 2014–15 PBA season, commissioner Chito Salud announced that he will step down as the league's commissioner and was succeeded by Chito Narvasa starting the 2015–16 PBA season. Salud was then appointed as the President and CEO of the league, when the board of governors decided to restructure the league and create the President/CEO position to manage the league's marketing, expansion and business-related matters. The Commissioner (who will also be the league's Chief Operating Officer) will handle game-related matters.
Salud, however, also stepped down as the league's President and CEO on December 31, 2015 and was replaced by incumbent PBA chairman Robert Non. The board of governors later appointed Chito Narvasa as the President and CEO. The said position was eventually dissolved before the start of the 2016 Governors' Cup.
Amid controversies during his term, Narvasa stepped down on December 31, 2017. The board appointed Media Bureau chief Willie Marcial as his replacement on January 25, 2018.
Competition format.
Selection of teams.
When the PBA was created, it was from the nine clubs representing different companies that seceded from the Manila Industrial and Commercial Athletic Association (MICAA). The PBA adopted the MICAA's "franchise system" akin to North American sports, only that instead of geographic regions, teams represent companies. Several teams have disbanded and entered the league. Disbandment of a team usually occurs if its mother company regularly sustains financial losses, or for non-sporting reasons, causing it to sell the team to another company. Aside from buying an already-existing team, a company can enter the PBA via an expansion team.
Previously, a company is allowed only one team, with each team having one vote in the Board of Governors; with the acquisition of La Tondeña Distillers (now Ginebra San Miguel) by the San Miguel Corporation (SMC) in 1987, this caused the SMC to have two "sister" teams: the San Miguel Beermen and the Ginebra San Miguel (now the Barangay Ginebra San Miguel). At this point, Ginebra coach Robert Jaworski had autonomy on the decisions on his team, so the situation of SMC having sister teams was tolerated. In 1998, Jaworski ran and won for a Senate seat; this caused him to delegate coaching duties to his longtime deputy Rino Salazar. By this time, Danding Cojuangco has seized control of SMC, and he added Allan Caidic to Ginebra from San Miguel. Jaworski disapproved of this, and resigned.
In 2001 the Ayala Corporation sold its Purefoods-Hormel unit, which included the Purefoods TJ Hotdogs team, to SMC. Later that year, RFM Corporation sold its Cosmos Bottling Corporation, including the Pop Cola Panthers team, to Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines, a subsidiary of SMC, rechristening them as the Coca-Cola Tigers, and giving SMC four teams. The PBA approved this arrangement, with SMC getting two votes in the Board of Governors instead of four. In 2006, SMC sold back its Coca-Cola unit to the Atlanta-based Coca-Cola Company, and sold the now renamed Powerade Tigers to Sultan 900, Inc., becoming the GlobalPort Batang Pier, decreasing their teams to three.
By 2010, Manuel V. Pangilinan has owned the Talk 'N Text Phone Pals team via the Pilipino Telephone Company. Pangilinan, who had controlling ownership in Meralco, bought the Sta. Lucia Realtors team, rechristening them as the Meralco Bolts. His NLEX Corporation then bought the Air21 Express team in 2014, becoming the NLEX Road Warriors. This has made Cojuangco and Pangilinan own three teams each out of the 12 teams in the PBA by 2014.
This closed system, while unlike the open European model of promotion and relegation, allows teams from other leagues to carryover some of players to the PBA, if they are given this concession, such as in 2006 when the Welcoat Dragons were allowed to carry over three players from their Philippine Basketball League team.
The PBA also allows "guest teams", or teams not represented in the Board of Governors, to play in certain conferences. The most frequent guest team is the Philippine men's national basketball team.
Season format.
Unlike other leagues, there is no "season champion" of the PBA. Instead, the season is divided into conferences or tournaments (not to be confused with the definition of a "conference" in a sporting context as a grouping of teams based on geography or historical affiliation) played in sequence, wherein the teams compete for a conference cup. The winners of the conference cups do not face each other at the end of the season to determine the season champion; instead all conference champions are league champions, with the Philippine Cup being the most prestigious conference of the season.
A season is usually composed of three conferences. Since the 2010–11 season, the conferences were named Philippine, Commissioner's and Governors' Cups, usually ending in a best-of-seven series where the winner took the conference cup. If the same team won all of the conferences, the team was said to be the "Grand Slam" champion. A draft is held after the season-ending Governors' Cup. An opening ceremony is held before the start of the first game of the season. The conference format is similar to Apertura and Clausura in Latin American football.
Each conference usually carries the same tournament format through the years. All conferences begin with a group stage, or an elimination round, akin to the regular season in North American sports leagues, where all teams face each team at least once, and the worst-performing teams are eliminated. With the number of teams increasing to 12, the league has made this a single round-robin format; previously, it was a double round-robin, and in some conferences, teams faced certain groups of teams more than once. After the group stage is the playoffs, an elimination tournament that culminates in the best-of-seven Finals.
During the Finals of the last conference, the PBA awards its best players in an awarding ceremony. A Rookie Draft is then held after the season for teams to select new players or "rookies". Most draft applicants have played either in the PBA Developmental League, the PBA's own minor league, or from the collegiate ranks, either in the Philippines and in the United States. The Philippines has an extensive college basketball culture, and this is where the PBA gets most of its players. An offseason usually a couple of months long ends with an opening ceremony to tip off the new season.
With the previous seasons since 2012 being suspended in order to allow players who are members of the Philippine national team to play in FIBA tournaments, they have been lengthened. Originally set from October to July starting in 2004, the last two seasons ended more than a year after it started. There have been calls from within the league to revert to the two-conference format in use from 2004 to 2010 to shorten the season and have it in sync with the FIBA calendar again.
Game rules.
The Games and Amusements Board (GAB) has its rules for the size of the basketball court and equipment, which the PBA adapts. The PBA then uses its own set of rules of basketball, independently of FIBA and the NBA. Most non-professional leagues in the Philippines (those not supervised by the GAB) primarily use FIBA rules, so called "amateur rules" in the Philippines, although some still have exceptions.
Game rules have previously been predominantly influenced by the NBA, such as the rules on illegal defenses. After PBA players have been allowed to represent the Philippines in FIBA tournaments, the PBA has adopted FIBA rules piecemeal, including allowing zone defenses, so that the Philippine national team won't be disadvantaged in FIBA competitions.
Eligibility.
Player eligibility.
Natural-born Filipino citizens are generally eligible to become part of a PBA team through the PBA draft. Foreigners as well as naturalized Filipino citizens with no Filipino parents can not join the league through the PBA draft; both who could only play as imports, and only on certain conferences.
Filipino players who are aspiring to join the PBA through the draft and are born outside the Philippines are classed as Filipino-foreigners regardless if both their parents are Filipino citizens at the time of their birth. They have to submit documentary proof of their Filipino citizenship from the Department of Justice and the Bureau of Immigration prior to their rookie draft. Filipinos with foreign ancestry who are born in the Philippines are not subject to the same requirements.
Foreigners and naturalized Filipinos can play as imports, but only on import-laden conferences. If a player who is not a natural-born Filipino plays in an all-Filipino conference, it can lead his team forfeiting the wins in games where he took part. Imports are directly hired by teams, and are not drafted. In some conferences where imports are allowed, a height limit is imposed. An import who is over the height limit won't be allowed to play. Most imports are African Americans, but there had been tournaments where other nationalities have played in.
Coach eligibility.
Head coaching role for teams in the PBA is generally only available to Filipino citizens since foreigners who are classified as non-resident aliens are bared from serving the role as head coach. It is possible for a foreigner to be a head coach of a PBA team by acquiring permanent residency such as in the case of Tim Cone and Norman Black who married Filipinos and being a holder of a Special Resident Retiree's Visa (SRRV) such as in the case of Rajko Toroman who became eligible for an SRRV after residing in the country for at least five years. The restriction on foreigners has been in place since 1991.
Teams.
All franchises are owned by corporations since the league's inception in 1975, being the successor of the Manila Industrial and Commercial Athletic Association, an amateur league which also featured corporate teams. They are not based on geographic locale, so they do not play in a home arena. The names of the teams often changes, often depending on what product or service the owners, like to advertise. A name change could be drastic, to the point of switching industries entirely, such as in the case of the Pepsi Mega Bottlers which changed their names to the Mobiline Cellulars (now TNT Tropang Giga).
A team's name is often divided into two parts; the first is the company or brand name, then the product or a moniker - usually connected to the business of the company. In some cases, the brand name and the moniker can be fused. For example, the San Miguel Beermen is a team owned by the San Miguel Brewery of the San Miguel Corporation, makers of the popular San Miguel Beer brand.
Team popularity.
In 2008, a survey by the Social Weather Stations showed that Purefoods shares the honor of the league's most popular team along with Barangay Ginebra. It appeared that Ginebra was the most popular team among men, while Purefoods was the most popular among women. Also, Ginebra was more popular in Metro Manila and Luzon and in classes ABC, while Purefoods was more popular in Visayas and Mindanao and in class D. The two teams were tied for most supporters in class E. In terms of percentage of supporters, the survey showed that, after Ginebra and Purefoods (which both got 31%), are Magnolia (21%), Alaska (13%), Sta. Lucia (5%), Red Bull (4%), Talk N' Text (3%), Coca-Cola (1%), and Air 21 (1%).
Notably, the top three teams that have the most supporters have also been considered as the most talent-laden teams. They also fall under the San Miguel Corporation umbrella. With these three teams acquiring players through allegedly lopsided trades and performing strong in the past several seasons, the PBA has been considered by some as an "SMC league".
Defunct and guest teams.
The most prominent defunct teams were the Crispa Redmanizers and the Toyota Super Corollas.
Among guest teams, most notable was the American Nicholas Stoodley team that won the 1980 Invitational Conference.
Administration.
The league is currently headed by a Commissioner, and the Chairman of the PBA Board of Governors. The Commissioner handles the marketing and administration aspects as well as the technical, game related concerns of the PBA and its developmental league. The Chairman of the PBA Board of Governors is elected, together with the Vice Chairman and Board Treasurer before the start of the season among each of the league's representatives to the board.
By tradition, the incumbent Vice Chairman and Treasurer will assume the Chairmanship and the Vice-Chairmanship respectively the following season.
Honors.
Awards.
The league awards outstanding Filipino players of the season in the annual Leo Awards. The awards include the Most Valuable Player and the Rookie of the Year. At the end of each conference, the league also awards the Best Player of the Conference for Filipinos and the Bobby Parks Best Import for foreigners.
The PBA Hall of Fame was instituted in 2005 during the 30th anniversary celebration of the league.
Records.
There are all-time records written in Philippine Basketball Association records, as well as distinctions like the PBA career scoring leaders, PBA 2,000 Assists Club, PBA 500 Three-Points Club, PBA 600 Most Games Club, and PBA Top 40 Rebounders.
Rivalries.
The most famous matchup was the Crispa-Toyota rivalry of the 1970s. Fans faithfully supported their favorite squads and appeared in the multitudes at the Araneta Coliseum, or wherever the archrivals had met. In those days, the players were very passionate. On one occasion, they engaged in a major brawl, leading to the arrest and detention of several players from both clubs at Fort Bonifacio.
The most heated rivalry in the PBA today is that of two teams representing the Ginebra franchise and the Purefoods franchise. The rivalry is now commonly known as the Manila Clasico. It traces its roots on the original Añejo–Purefoods rivalry of the late 1980s to early 1990s.
Other short-lived or less intense rivalries include:
Media coverage.
The PBA has been covered by television and other media since its opening day. Their current TV and radio partner is One Sports. Games are being aired on television via TV5, One Sports and PBA Rush with the latter aired in high definition. Radio broadcast is being aired on Radyo5 92.3 News FM. The PBA can also be watched worldwide on Kapatid International and YouTube (in selected countries)
Playing venues.
As teams do not represent geographic locales, the league itself rents venues for which it plays on. The PBA usually plays a doubleheader three times a week in Metro Manila arenas, and a game on Saturdays in the provinces, popularly known as "out-of-town" games.
A majority of games are held in the Smart Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City and the Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay. When both arenas are unavailable, the alternate venues are the Cuneta Astrodome in Pasay and the PhilSports Arena in Pasig. Occasionally, provincial games are hosted in selected venues throughout the country. Playoff games are usually held at venues in Metro Manila, most often at the Smart Araneta Coliseum. However, recent incentives to promote the league throughout the country have resulted in out-of-town playoff games.
The league has also played several times outside the Philippines, the majority in Dubai where there is a large Filipino community.


Nimrod Mashiah

Nimrod Mashiah (also spelled Nimrod Mashiach; Hebrew: נמרוד משיח, born July 10, 1988) is an Israeli windsurfer.
In 2001, Mashiah received the Young Artist Award as an Outstanding Young Actor in an International Commercial for his role as a diver/actor in a television commercial. Mashiah was the 2009 Windsurfing World Championships silver medalist, and won the bronze medal at both the 2010 and 2011 World Championships.
In September 2010, he was ranked # 1 in the world in men's windsurfing. In September 2014, Israel qualified to have a male RS:X windsurfer represent Israel at the 2016 Summer Olympics, with Mashiah winning the quota place. He is Jewish, and lives in Mikhmoret, Israel.
Acting career.
In 2001, at the 22nd Young Artist Awards, Mashiah received the Young Artist Award as an Outstanding Young Actor in an International Commercial for his role as a diver/actor in a Cheltenham & Gloucester television commercial "The Pearl".
Windsurfing career.
Gal Fridman, an Israeli former windsurfer and Olympic gold medalist, was Mashiah's coach until 2013, when he took on as his new coach Tom Korzits, the brother of Israeli four-time world champion windsurfer Lee Korzits.
In 2001 Mashiah won the gold medal in Thailand and was the Youth World Champion in the 15-year-old age group in windsurfing, in 2003 he won the bronze medal at the Youth European Championship, and in 2004 he won the silver medal at the Youth World Championship.
In 2009, at the Windsurfing World Championships in Weymouth, England, Mashiah won the silver medal, behind Britain's 2004 Olympic bronze medalist Nick Dempsey.
In September 2010, at the age of 22, at the RS:X Windsurfing World Championships in Kerteminde, Denmark, he won the bronze medal. That month he was ranked #1 in the world in men's windsurfing. In December 2010, the Olympic Committee of Israel named him the athlete of the year. Mashiah received a cash prize of NIS 40,000.
In September 2011, at the RS:X European Championship in Burgas, Bulgaria, he finished eighth.
In December 2011, at the RS:X World Windsurfing Championships in Perth, Australia, Mashiah came in third behind Dorian van Rijsselberghe of the Netherlands and Piotr Myszka of Poland and won a bronze medal.
2008 Olympic bronze medal winner Shahar Zubari took Israel's berth in men's windsurfing at the 2012 London Olympic Games. Each country was allowed to send only one windsurfer to compete in the Olympics.
In March 2013, at the RS:X World Windsurfing Championships in Buzios, Brazil, Mashiah finished sixth.
In September 2014, Israel qualified to have a male RS:X windsurfer represent Israel at the 2016 Summer Olympics, with Mashiah winning the quota place. As of 27 April 2015, Mashiah was the top-ranked Israeli male windsurfer.


Hartwig Cassel

Hartwig Cassel (November 2, 1850 in Konitz, West Prussia (now Chojnice, Poland) – 1929) was a chess journalist, editor and promoter in Great Britain and the United States of America.
Cassel was born at Konitz, where his father, Dr. Aaron Cassel, was rabbi, and was educated at the Real-Gymnasium in Landsberg an der Warthe (now Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland). In 1879 he went to Britain. He lived in Scotland, where he was a member of the Glasgow Chess Club, and later moved to Bradford, Yorkshire, where he began his journalistic career as the chess editor of the "Observer-Budget". He wrote chess articles for the metropolitan and provincial English papers, organized the Yorkshire County Chess Club, arranged the Joseph Henry Blackburne-Isidor Gunsberg match at Bradford (1887) and the International Chess Masters' Tournament in 1888 at the same city.
Cassel left England in 1889 and went to Havana for an English and New York newspaper syndicate to report the Mikhail Tchigorin-Gunsberg match. In 1890 he went to the United States and was offered a job at the "New Yorker Staatszeitung". He wrote about chess not only in that paper, but also in the "New York Tribune" and wrote a special chess column nearly every Sunday for "The New York Sun". He was instrumental in establishing the "Staats-Zeitung" and Rice trophies, and arranged, among other important contests, the first cable match between the Manhattan Chess Club and the British Chess Club in 1895, the forerunner of the Anglo-American series. He was the inventor of a chess cable code.
In 1904 he and Hermann Helms published the first issue of the "American Chess Bulletin". That issue included all 120 games from the 1904 Cambridge Springs tournament.


Juliet Macur

Juliet Macur is an American journalist.
Biography.
Macur is from Bridgewater Township, New Jersey, born to Catholic Polish immigrant parents, and attended Bridgewater-Raritan High School West. She attended Barnard College at Columbia University, graduating with a bachelor's degree in History and Political Science in 1992. She went on to graduate with a master's degree from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in 1997.
While in college Macur was captain of the Columbia University rowing team. After college she rowed competitively for the New York Athletic Club. She went on to work as a sports journalist, reporting on Dallas Cowboys head coach Bill Parcells, the Jacksonville Jaguars, the Olympics and motorsports.
Macur has worked for the "Orlando Sentinel" and "The Dallas Morning News". She moved to "The New York Times" in 2004. Macur wrote a biography of champion cyclist Lance Armstrong which became a best selling book. Her work has twice been anthologized in the Best American Sports Writing series. She has also been named one of the top 10 sports columnists in the United States by the Associated Press Sports Editors.
In 2016, Macur was a fellow at the University of Chicago Institute of Politics. She currently lives in Washington, D.C.


Nordic Figure Skating Championships

The Nordic Championships ("Nordiska Mästerskapen") are an annual elite figure skating competition. It was originally open only to representatives of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Since 2011, representatives of any ISU member nation may enter the senior-level event, but not lower levels. Medals may be awarded on the senior, junior, and novice levels in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing, although the latter two disciplines are often omitted due to lack of entries. Prominent Nordic champions include Olympic champions Gillis Grafström, Magda Julin, and Ludowika Jakobsson-Eilers / Walter Jakobsson.


Bec Goddard

Rebecca 'Bec' Goddard is an Australian rules football coach who served as the head coach of the Adelaide Football Club in the AFL Women's competition (AFLW) between 2017 and 2018, winning the 2017 AFL Women's Grand Final. She was assistant coach of the University of Canberra Capitals in the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL) in 2018/19, when it won the league championship.
Playing career.
Goddard played Australian rules football as a junior until the age of 13 before the absence of a girls competition forced her to stop. When Canberra got its first women's competition some seven years later, Goddard again returned to playing. She played for Belconnen at that level before a broken leg at age 29 forced her to swap her playing career for one in umpiring and coaching.
Umpiring career.
Goddard holds the honour to be the first female field umpire in the North East Australian Football League (NEAFL).
Coaching career.
Goddard began coaching at the Gungahlin Jets in the AFL Canberra league. She served as assistant coach at the Queanbeyan Football Club as well as becoming the first female coach in the NEAFL. In 2016 she worked as the Under 18 boys forwards coach for Woodville West Torrens.
In 2016 Goddard was appointed the inaugural coach of the Adelaide Football Club's AFL Women's team. She was just one of two woman head coaches in the eight team league. She coached the club to the premiership success in its inaugural season the following year. In July 2017 she was named the coach of the Allies team in the AFLW State of Origin match to be played in September of that year.
In 2018 she coached Adelaide the a fifth-place finish, with three wins for the season. She resigned at season's end, electing to return to Canberra to resume full-time work with the Australian Federal Police. In Canberra, she became an assistant coach of the University of Canberra Capitals basketball team. The Capitals went on to win the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL) championship in 2019. Goddard attracted the interest of the Gold Coast Suns, who entered the AFLW competition in 2020, when it expanded 14 teams. As of 2021 she coaches in the VFL Women's (VFLW) competition.
Coaching statistics.
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"|2017
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"|2018
! colspan=2| Career totals
! 15
! 9
! 5
! 1
! 60%
! colspan=2|
Other work.
Outside of football Goddard works for the Australian Federal Police in the anti-child exploitation team. She moved from Canberra to Adelaide in 2015 where she began pursuing a high level coaching career in football in addition to her work with the AFP.
She holds a degree in Journalism and once worked as a media advisory in the Labor government of the 1990s. Goddard also holds a degree in Persian language from the Australian National University.
Goddard is engaged to be married to Lydia Stevens.


Jeffrey Holguin

Jeffrey G. "Jeff" Holguin (born October 24, 1978 in Fullerton, California) is an American sport shooter. He placed fourth in the double trap at the 2008 Summer Olympics.


SS (manga)

 is a manga by Shohei Harumoto which has been serialized in Shogakukan's "Big Comic Superior" between 2000 and 2003 over nine volumes. The manga has since been adapted into a live action movie by Toho. Singaporean publisher, Chuang Yi, also translated the manga into both English and Chinese languages under the name "SS: Special Stage" and "SS：赛车手特别篇" (literally "SS: Racer's Special"), respectively.
Plot.
The story revolves around Daibutsu, a middle aged former rally driver who lives with his wife Kumiko and their son. Daibutsu is a former rally driver, who used to participate in the All Japan Rally Championship. Daibutsu proceeded to go to his garage to rebuild his, Mitsubishi Starion 4WD, named "Jackie", a Group B rally car which was banned at the end of the 1986 season. He then proceeds to sets his return to racing by challenging people on the street with his car.
Location.
The street races are set on the Hakone Turnpike road and the Shuto Expressway.


Wax comb


John Friedberg

John Friedberg (born March 9, 1961) is an American Olympic saber fencer.
Early and personal life.
Friedberg was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and is Jewish. He is the younger brother of Olympic fencer Paul Friedberg. He lives in Robbinsville Township, New Jersey.
Fencing career.
Friedberg fenced for the University of North Carolina, took second in the NCAA Saber Championship in 1982, and won it as a senior in 1983. He was a three-time All American.
Friedberg won silver medal in team sabre at the 1991 Pan American Games and gold in the 1995 Pan American Games.
He competed in the team sabre event at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Friedberg came in second in the 1993 US Championship in sabre, and won the 1994 US Championship in sabre.
Friedberg founded and is head coach of the Fencing Club of Mercer County in New Jersey.


Taj Ultimate

Taj Ultimate is an annual Ultimate tournament that occurs in the Tajima region of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The tournament was started by a group of JET English teachers to foster a better relationship between the JETs and the local Japanese.


2003 World Indoor Bowls Championship

The 2003 Potters Holidays World Indoor Bowls Championship was held at Potters Leisure Resort, Hopton on Sea, Great Yarmouth, England, on 06-26 January 2003. Tony Allcock won his eighth pairs title.


Teddy Andrulewicz

Theodore Stanislaus Andrulewicz (January 1, 1905January 3, 1996) was an American football fullback/halfback who played for Newark Tornadoes in National Football League. He played college football at Villanova University, participating in 11 regular season games over 1 season in 1930. He had one receiving touchdown.
Early and family history.
Teddy Andrulewicz was born in Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania to Thomas and Scholastica Pozniak Andrulewicz. Incidentally, he may have been related to Antoni Pozniak, a soldier in Soviet Russia, through both of his parents. His father's relative was Bronislawa "Bernice" Bronislawa Pozniak née Andrulewiczówna, who perished in the Holocaust, and she was married to Bronislaw Pozniak.
External links.
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1996 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Players of American football from Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:American football fullbacks]]
[[Category:American football halfbacks]]
[[Category:Villanova Wildcats football players]]
[[Category:Newark Tornadoes players]]
[[Category:Jewish American sportspeople]]


Itzhak Nir

Itzhak Nir (; born December 18, 1940) is an Israeli former Olympic competitive sailor.
Sailing career.
When he competed in the Olympics, he was 6-5 (196 cm) tall and weighed 187 lbs (85 kg).
At an international competition in the Olympic-class Flying Dutchman dinghy in the Netherlands in April 1972, the Sdot Yam team of Nir and Yair Michaeli won the right to be the first Israeli sailors to participate in the Olympics.
Nir competed for Israel at the 1972 Summer Olympics off the coast of Kiel, 900 kilometers from Munich, Germany, at the age of 31, with Yair Michaeli in Sailing--Mixed Two Person Heavyweight Dinghy/Flying Dutchman. He and Michaeli did not participate in the final race of the competition, due to the Munich Massacre in which Arab terrorists from the Black September group killed 11 Israeli Olympians at Fürstenfeldbruck Air Base outside of Munich. They came in 26th.
The Israeli government then decided to withdraw from the Olympic Games, and bring their remaining Olympians home. Nir, Michaeli, and Israeli racewalker Shaul Ladany wanted to stay for the closing ceremony, to show that they were not leaving "with their tails between their legs", but they followed the orders of the government.


Alcuin Schulten

Alcuin Schulten (born 1972) is a Dutch former figure skater. He competed for the Netherlands in men's singles and in pair skating with his sister Jeltje Schulten.


2002 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

The 2002 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the 54th Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) Road Racing World Championship season. The season consist of 16 races, which started with the Japanese Grand Prix on 7 April and ended with the Valencian Community Grand Prix on 3 November.
The premier class, now renamed MotoGP, introduced new rules and regulations which allowed 990cc four-stroke bikes to race alongside the previous year's 500cc two-stroke bikes. Defending champion Valentino Rossi won his second premier class title by winning 11 races and scoring 355 points. He clinched the title at the Rio de Janeiro Grand Prix, with four races left in the season.
The 250cc title was won by Marco Melandri who won nine races and scored 298 points. He clinched the title at the Australian Grand Prix and became the youngest ever champion in the 250cc class. Arnaud Vincent won the 125cc title by 19 points difference over defending champion Manuel Poggiali. The title was decided in the last race of the season at Valencia with Vincent finishing in second place to secure the title.
Season summary.
MotoGP class.
The season marked the start of a new era in the premier class with the arrival of 990cc four-stroke bikes. Four factory teams, Repsol Honda, Marlboro Yamaha, Suzuki and Aprilia, raced with the new four-stroke bikes while all the satellite teams raced with the 500cc two-stroke bike. The season also marked the return of Dunlop and the entry of Bridgestone to the premier class. Dunlop supplied the tyres for Suzuki, Aprilia, Yamaha WCM and Pramac Honda. Bridgestone supplied the tyres for Team Roberts and Kanemoto Racing. Michelin supplied the tyres for the remaining six teams. However, after only two races, Suzuki switched back to Michelin tyres for the remainder of the season.
Valentino Rossi, riding the four-stroke Honda RC211V bike, won the first race of the season at Suzuka under wet conditions. Suzuki's test rider Akira Ryō, who raced as a wildcard entry, and Yamaha's Carlos Checa completed the all four-stroke podium. Rossi's teammate, Tohru Ukawa, won the second race before Rossi went on to dominate the championship by winning seven consecutive races. Max Biaggi handed the four-stroke Yamaha YZR-M1 its first win in the Czech Republic Grand Prix at Brno, while Rossi had to retire due to tyre problems. In that race, Honda also expanded their four-stroke presence by providing the RC211V bike for Honda Gresini rider Daijiro Kato. Rossi then won two consecutive races in Portugal and Brazil, clinching the world championship in the latter.
In the Pacific Grand Prix, Honda Pons rider Alex Barros won his first race riding the RC211V bike. In that race, Kawasaki returned to the world championship after 20 years absence. Kawasaki, with their four-stroke Ninja ZX-RR, raced as wildcards in the last four races of the season as a preparation before entering the championship full-time in the following season. In the following race at Sepang, Yamaha expanded their four-stroke presence by providing the YZR-M1 bikes to Tech 3 pair Olivier Jacque and Shinya Nakano. Another Yamaha rider, Norifumi Abe, raced the fifth YZR-M1 on the grid for the last two races of the season.
Rossi ended the season with 355 points from 11 wins and four second places. Biaggi finished second to Rossi with 215 points and two race wins. Ukawa and Barros completed the top four with 209 and 204 points respectively. Previous year's 250cc champion Daijiro Kato finished in seventh position with two podium finishes and was named as the Rookie of the Year. All races were won by the four-stroke bikes, while the two-strokes only managed to record five podiums finishes. Honda won the constructors championship with 390 points and 14 wins, followed by Yamaha who won the other two races. Repsol Honda team won the teams championship by winning 12 races and scoring 564 points from Rossi and Ukawa. Marlboro Yamaha and Honda Pons who won two races each was second and third respectively.
250cc class.
The 250cc class was certain to have a new champion as previous year's champion Daijiro Kato and 1993 champion Tetsuya Harada, who finished second to Kato last year, both moved up to the MotoGP class. Only three riders remained from previous year's top six: Marco Melandri, Roberto Rolfo and Fonsi Nieto. Melandri was the only rider in the 250cc class who has previously won a 250cc race; he won his first and only race in the 2001 German Grand Prix. The 250cc entry list also included three former 125cc World Champion: Haruchika Aoki, Roberto Locatelli and Emilio Alzamora.
The season started with a wet race at Suzuka which was won by Japanese wildcard rider Osamu Miyazaki, who was riding for Daytona Yamaha team. Honda's wildcard rider Daisaku Sakai and Aprilia's Randy de Puniet completed the podium. In the following race at Welkom, Aprilia's Marco Melandri took his second career 250cc win. Fonsi Nieto then took his first ever race win in the Spanish Grand Prix. Nieto also took the lead in the championship standings from de Puniet and Franco Battaini. Nieto then won the following race at Le Mans before Melandri won the next three races and overtook the championship lead from Nieto after the Dutch TT. Melandri continued his streak to six consecutive wins and extended his lead in the standings to 37 points after the Czech Republic Grand Prix.
Nieto won the Portuguese Grand Prix for Aprilia's tenth consecutive victory. Nieto, who crashed in lap 13, recovered from seventh position to win the rain-soaked race over Melandri. Aprilia's winning streak was broken when Yamaha's Sebastián Porto won the Rio de Janeiro Grand Prix under wet race condition. Rookie Toni Elías won the following race at Motegi after a last-lap battle with Melandri. Melandri finished second and increase his lead over Nieto in the championship standings to 52 points. With 52 points lead and three races to go, Melandri only need to finish in front of Nieto in the Malaysian Grand Prix to clinch the championship. However, he suffered a mechanical failure on the first lap, while Nieto won the race to reduce the gap to 27 points. Melandri finally clinched the 250cc title in the Australian Grand Prix with a close win over Nieto. They fought until the last lap and Melandri won the race with just 0.007 second gap at the finish line. Melandri became the youngest 250cc world champion at the age of 20 years and 74 days.
Melandri ended the season with 298 points from nine race wins, three second-place finishes and one fourth-place finish. Nieto finished second in the standings with 241 points and four wins, followed Honda's Roberto Rolfo and rookie Toni Elías with 219 and 178 points respectively. Elías, who recorded one race win and four further podium finishes, was named as the Rookie of the Year. Aprilia won the constructors championship with 382 points and 14 race wins from Melandri, Nieto and Elías. Honda finished second in the standings with 244 points but failed to record any race win. Yamaha, who won two races courtesy of Miyazaki and Porto's wins in the wet, finished third with 211 points.
125cc class.
The 125cc entry list was headlined by defending champion Manuel Poggiali and two-time championship runners-up Youichi Ui and Noboru Ueda. There were five other riders who have previously won a 125cc race: Masao Azuma, Lucio Cecchinello, Stefano Perugini, Simone Sanna and Arnaud Vincent.
Arnaud Vincent, who returned to Aprilia after a year with Honda, won the opening race at Suzuka under wet condition. He then extended his lead in the championship with two second places in the second and third race behind Manuel Poggiali and Lucio Cecchinello respectively. In the following race at Le Mans, Cecchinello won his second successive race ahead of Poggiali, while Vincent finished fourth. Poggiali then took over the championship lead from Vincent after winning the Italian Grand Prix. Poggiali won the following race at Catalunya with a late overtake at the finish line over Spanish teenager Dani Pedrosa. Two weeks later, Pedrosa bounced back to win his first ever race in the 2002 Dutch TT, with Poggiali finishing in second place.
Vincent, who led the championship in the first four races, returned to the top of the podium with two consecutive wins at Donington Park and Sachsenring. After finishing third behind Cecchinello and Pedrosa at Brno, Vincent won the wet Portuguese Grand Prix and retook the championship lead from Poggiali. Honda riders, Masao Azuma and Pedrosa, won the following two races at Rio de Janeiro and Motegi while Poggiali reduced Vincent's lead to just eight points courtesy of two podium finishes and Vincent's mechanical problem at Motegi. Vincent extended his lead by winning the Malaysian Grand Prix while Poggiali finished in fourth. However, Poggiali won the following race at Phillip Island while Vincent finished in fourth to reduce the lead back to eight points. In the last race of the season at Valencia, Vincent finished second behind Pedrosa to clinch the 125cc title while Poggiali finished in seventh place.
Vincent ended the season with 273 points and five race wins, 19 points ahead of defending champion Poggiali who scored 254 points and four race wins. Pedrosa and Cecchinello finished third and fourth in the standings with three wins each. The Rookie of the Year title was won by Finnish rider Mika Kallio who scored 78 points with the Red Devil Honda team. Aprilia won the constructors championship with 341 points and eight race wins from Vincent and Cecchinello. Honda finished second in the standings with 285 points and four wins from Pedrosa and Azuma while Gilera finished third with 254 points and three wins from Poggiali.
2002 Grand Prix season calendar.
On 18 October 2001, the FIM confirmed the 2002 calendar. On 4 December 2001, the FIM confirmed that the dates of the Rio and Valencian Community Grands Prix had swapped places.
The following sixteen Grands Prix were scheduled to take place:
Regulation changes.
The following changes are made to the regulation for the 2002 season:
Participants.
MotoGP participants.
FIM released a 20-rider entry list on 13 March 2002. Àlex Crivillé, who was listed on the entry list, was replaced by Pere Riba at the Antena 3 Yamaha d'Antin team before the start of the season.
250cc participants.
The FIM released a 25-rider entry list on 13 March 2002. Alex Hofmann, who was listed on the entry list, withdrew before the start of the season.
125cc participants.
FIM released a 33-rider entry list on 13 March 2002.
Standings.
MotoGP riders' standings.
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.
250cc riders' standings.
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.
125cc riders' standings.
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.


Dawid Daniuszewski

Dawid Daniuszewski (1885–1944) was a Polish chess master.
Biography.
In 1906, he finished 2nd, behind Akiba Rubinstein, in Łódź. In 1907, he again finished 2nd, behind Rubinstein, and ahead of Gersz Rotlewi and Gersz Salwe in Łódź ("Quadrangular"). In 1907/08, he took 10th in Łódź (the 5th All-Russian Masters' Tournament; Rubinstein won). In 1909, he tied for 1st-2nd with Rotlewi in Łódź. In 1909, he tied for 4-6th in Saint Petersburg (All-Russian Amateur Tournament; Alexander Alekhine won). In 1912, he took 6th in Łódź (Efim Bogoljubov won).
The period from 1915 to 1921 he spent in Russia. In 1920, he tied for 9-10th in Moscow (1st USSR Championship) won by Alekhine. Then he returned to Poland, and lived in Łódź where he took 2nd behind Jakub Kolski in 1922/23 and tied for 1st-2nd with Gottesdiener in 1924. The same year, he took 3rd in Warsaw ("Quadrangular"; Gottesdiener won) and represented Poland at 1st unofficial Chess Olympiad in Paris (+6 –4 =3). In 1927, he took 10th in Łódź at the 2nd Polish Championship which was won by Rubinstein.
At the end of his life, Daniuszewski played with Dr. Salomon Szapiro in the Lodz Ghetto on February 9, 1944. Daniuszewki died in 1944, the details of his death and the exact date are not known.


Everblue

 is an adventure game based on scuba diving. It is the first of the "Everblue" series and was followed by "Everblue 2". It was released in Japan in 2001 and in Europe in 2002. It was developed by Arika. In 2002 it received a sequel, "Everblue 2".
Plot.
The player plays as Leo, a novice scuba diver, searching for treasure and learning about marine animal life.
Gameplay.
It is a first person game set underwater. The player takes the role of a scuba diver salvaging items from sunken ships and photographing underwater wildlife while either avoiding or confronting predators like sharks. The game also features an inventory system for collected objects, healing items, weapons, and tools, as well as an above water town with shops and NPCs.
Reviews.
"Everblue" received "unfavorable" reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. In Japan, "Famitsu" gave it a score of 31 out of 40.


2008 International Formula Master

The 2008 International Formula Master season was the second International Formula Master series season.
Teams and drivers.
All teams use a Tatuus chassis with a Honda K20A engine
Championship Standings.
Drivers.
 Half points were awarded for Race 2 at Pau as less than 75% of the scheduled distance was completed.
Teams.
 Half points were awarded for Race 2 at Pau as less than 75% of the scheduled distance was completed.


2007 Formula RUS season

The 2007 season of Formula RUS motor racing, a Russian formula racing class.
Stage 1.
Stage 1 took place at the Autodrom Moscow (ADM), on 25 May.
Stage 2.
Stage 2 took place at the Autodrom Moscow (ADM), on 16–17 June.
Race 1.
Sergey Mokshantsev has won both heats of season opening racing held at ADM racetrack. Experienced driver from whom 2007 will be second consecutive season in Formula RUS managed to resist hard charge for the lead from talented youngster Maksim Chernev.
First race of the weekend started with a small pile-up in the first turn with Yuri Kim retiring from the race with bent suspension. Action from the drivers camp continued on the second lap as Maksim Travin nearly came on top of his fellow rival David Ramishvili. Trying to squeeze part in the first turn Travin could not avoid direct contact and was somersaulted in the air. Thanks to car structures absorbing forces of impact driver managed to escape unscathed with Ramishvilli rejoined race with much battered car.
In fight for the lead Maksim Chernev was mounting pressure on race leader but despite setting faster lap times could not find his way past Sergey Mokshantsev and finished runner-up with Denis Komarov taking final step on the rostrum.
Race 2.
Second race happened much to the same scenario as the first race but with less damage done.
Sixteen years old driver from Ekaterinburg city was setting fast lap time right on but his relative inexperience paid its dues. Having taken the lead in the second heat race Chernev missed braking and lost his short-lived lead to Mokshantsev. Final podium place was taken by David Ramishvili
Stage 3.
Stage 3 took place at the Autodrom Moscow (ADM), on 30 June - 1 July.


2004 Formula BMW Asia season

The 2004 Formula BMW Asia season was won by Marchy Lee of Hong Kong, driving for Team Meritus. Lee finished the season on 250 points, followed by BMW Junior driver, 24-year-old You Kyong-Ouk and Rookie Cup winner Mehdi Bennani), both on 124 points. Lee receive an extra prize in recognition of his extraordinary achievements – a three-day test with the Team Rosberg Formula 3 outfit.


2006 Formula Renault 3.5 Series

The 2006 Formula Renault 3.5 Series was the second Formula Renault 3.5 Series season. It began on April 29 at Zolder, Belgium and finished in Barcelona, Spain on October 29 after 17 races.
Calendar and race winners.
Eight rounds formed meetings of the 2006 World Series by Renault season, with an additional round supporting the 2006 Monaco Grand Prix.
Note:
Points system.
Points were awarded at the end of each race according to the following system:
In addition:
The maximum number of points a driver could earn each weekend (except Monaco) was 34 and the maximum number for a team was 58.
Championship standings.
Drivers' Championship.
Notes:


Rink Hockey European Championship

The European Roller Hockey Championship is a European roller hockey competition organised by World Skate Europe - Rink Hockey and contested by the best men's national teams.
Spain are the current champions, after defeating Portugal 6–3 in the 2018 final to win their 17th title. The most successful team is Portugal, who have won the competition 21 times.


Racing Simulation 3

Racing Simulation 3 is a Sim racing video game of the racing genre released in December, 2002 by Ubi Soft. There are 16 racing courses that the player can race on. A different feature besides the improved AI drivers. It also has six different game procedures, from driving school to championship cups.


Yana Batyrshina

Yanina "Yana" Farkhadovna Batyrshina (; born 7 October 1979) is a former individual rhythmic gymnast who competed for Russia. She is the 1996 Olympics All-around silver medalist, two time (1995,1997) World All-around bronze medalist, two-time European (1996, 1995) All-around silver medalist, the 1998 European All-around bronze medalist and 1996 Grand Prix Final All-around champion.
She was awarded the Medal of the Order For Merit to the Fatherland 2nd class (1997).
Personal life.
Batyrshina is of Tatar and Jewish descent. She studied physical education at the Kharkov Institute. She is married to Azerbaijani-Jewish businessman Timur Weinstein; they have two daughters and one son together.
Career.
Batyrshina started gymnastics training at 5 years old when a rhythmic gymnast coach approached her father and told the family she was ideal gymnastics material. At 9 years of age, Batyrchina moved to Russia with then Uzbek coach Irina Viner, who became the Russian national team head coach.
Batyrchina burst onto the international scene in 1993, when she finished second all-around at the European Junior Championships. She also won gold in the individual apparatus finals with rope and clubs, and silver with ball and ribbon.
In 1995, Batyrshina made her senior international breakthrough in Grand Prix events, collecting a total of 15 medals. At the 1995 World Championships, she won the bronze medal in all-around and also took home golds for the team competition and ball. Her results fluctuated in 1996, but she still managed to take the silver medal for the all-around and ball at the 1996 European Championships. At the event finals of 1996 World Championships, she won the silver medal in ribbon.
Batyrshina competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics, but she had a rough start at the preliminaries. She wept bitterly after several errant catches left her sitting in 13th place in preliminaries but since the top 20 advanced to semifinals, she redeemed her poor preliminary results and set her up perfectly for finals. But during her last event exercise, ribbon, she lost focus in the midst of a simple hand-to-hand exchange and dropped the apparatus. Batyrshina scored 9.683, putting her into second place overall ahead of Ukrainian Olena Vitrichenko.
Batyrchina polished off her 1996 season with a win in the all-around at the 1996 Grand Prix Final (tied with Yekaterina Serebrianskaya), a huge coup considering the depth of the field. She parlayed her success into a medal-winning 1997, including several Grand Prix golds. Despite her success and desire to continuing competing through the 2000 Olympics, 1998 presented a new challenge for Batyrshina in the form of up-and-coming new Russian teammate Alina Kabaeva. Kabaeva would go on to win the 1998 European Championships, while Batyrshina would struggle with ribbon and finish third in the all-around. Batyrshina picked up three more medals in apparatus finals with a gold in rope, silver with hoop, and bronze with ribbon but, according to coach Viner, Batyrshina was beginning to feel that there was not enough room for both her and Kabaeva at the top. Batyrshina quietly retired a short time after Europeans, at 19 years of age.
After her retirement, Batyrshina began coaching. In 1999, she was briefly invited to serve as a trainer at the UNOPAR gym in Londrina, Brazil, helping prepare the Brazilian group for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney.
On 15 February 2015, a star-studded gala was held in Russia for the 80th founding anniversary of Rhythmic Gymnastics. The venue was held in the historical Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg. Among those who performed at the gala were Russian former Olympic champions, Olympic medalists and World champions including: Batyrshina, Evgenia Kanaeva, Yulia Barsukova, Irina Tchachina, and Daria Dmitrieva.
Influence.
Batyrshina is arguably one of the most popular rhythmic gymnast of her decade. Her winning style has altered the direction of rhythmic gymnastics in Russia as well as the rest of the world. Well known for her undeniable flexibility and personality, Batyrchina was also hailed for a top-notch level of difficulty and high, oversplit leaps and jumps. She included many flexibility skills in her routines, the majority of which highlighted her spectacularly elastic back.


Heidemarie Steiner

Heidemarie Steiner married Walther, (born 9 May 1944 in Kolberg, Province of Pomerania) is a German figure skating coach and former competitor. She competed in pair skating and ladies singles.
Steiner began as a single skater. But when she dropped behind fellow East German Gabriele Seyfert, she wanted to retire early.
However, she changed to pair skating and teamed up with Heinz-Ulrich Walther, who also became her husband in 1969. Their greatest success was winning the bronze medal at the 1970 World Championships in Ljubljana. The pair trained at the SC Dynamo Berlin club and represented East Germany. Their coach was Heinz-Friedrich Lindner.
After she retired, she became figure skating coach at the SC Dynamo Berlin club (today SC Berlin). She has coached Romy Kermer & Rolf Österreich, Birgit Lorenz & Knut Schubert, Babette Preußler & Tobias Schöter and Peggy Schwarz & Alexander König, among others. She later coached Swiss couple Leslie Monod & Cedric Monod. She also worked as a choreographer for this couple.
Today she lives in Berlin with her husband Heinz-Ulrich Walther.


2009 Walsh Cup

The 2009 Walsh Cup was a hurling competition played by the teams of Leinster GAA, a team from Connacht GAA and a team from Ulster GAA. The competition differs from the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship as it also features further education colleges and the winning team does not progress to another tournament at All-Ireland level. The first four losers of the competition entered the Walsh Shield.
Walsh Cup.
Quarter finals.
The quarter finals saw Kilkenny, Antrim, Galway and Wexford proceed to the next round, while Dublin, Laois, Wexford and Offaly were left to contest the Walsh Shield.
Semi Finals.
The semi finals saw Kilkenny playing the previous year's winners, Antrim, while Galway faced Wexford. Both Kilkenny and Galway progressed to meet in the final.
Walsh Shield.
The Walsh Shield was created in 2008 and was contested for the second time in 2009. It consisted of the losing quarter finalists of the Walsh Cup, with Dublin coming through to win for the first time.


Paul Cohen (ice hockey)

Paulhew Cohen (born January 31, 1965) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender.
Prior to turning professional, Cohen attended St. Lawrence University where he played four seasons of NCAA Division-I hockey with the St. Lawrence Saints men's ice hockey team.
On March 28, 1992, when playing for the Springfield Indians, Cohen sent a rink-length shot into a Rochester empty net to become only the second goaltender in the American Hockey League's 55-year history to score a goal. The first AHL goaltender to score a goal was Darcy Wakaluk.
On January 14, 1993, the Sunshine Hockey League announced that they had suspended Cohen, then playing with the West Palm Beach Blaze, for the remainder of the season for delivering an illegal cross-check during a game that sent a player to the hospital with a concussion.


Hennadiy Altman

Hennadiy Semenovych Altman (; born 22 May 1979) is a Ukrainian retired football goalkeeper and current manager.
Biography.
Hennadiy got his start in football at the FC Chornomorets Odessa youth school. He is the son of the Ukrainian coach Semen Altman, who is a former goalkeeper himself. Altman's professional career has been closely linked to his father's coaching career. He has moved to many clubs that were coached by his father. Over the years Hennadiy has played for FC Dynamo Odessa, FC Zimbru Chişinău, FC Mashinobudivnyk Druzhkivka, Metalurh Donetsk, FC Khimki, FC Chornomorets Odessa, FC Illychivets Mariupol, and PFC Olexandria. So far his longest playing stint has been with his home town team Chornomorets, which lasted 5 years. With Chornomorets Gennady he won the bronze medals in the 2005–06 season.
In 2002 Altman, along with his father moved to FC Chornomorets Odessa and was battling for the starting position with Vitaliy Rudenko. At the start of 2007, Altman left Ukraine to sign with Israeli club, Hakoah Maccabi Amidar/Ramat Gan where he would not count as a foreigner since he is Jewish. Media outlets reported that Altman left Ukraine due to some anti-semitic behavior of the football supporters in Ukraine. Altman played one Toto Cup match for Hakoah before being released. In the summer of 2007, along with his father, he moved to FC Illychivets Mariupol. After his father's unexpected firing in 2007 he was transferred to another Ukrainian First League club, PFC Olexandria.


Karash double loop

Karash double loop is a common name for a knot forming two loops. This knot has been a known variant of the Bowline on a bight per the International Guild of Knot Tyers, referred to as "bowline twist" or "twisted collar bowline on a bight". The knot is also referred to as "nœud de fusion" in French references and sometimes called "Fusion knot" in English.
The name "Karash double loop" was introduced by Mike Karash, who re-invented the knot to create makeshift harnesses for rescue operations and popularized it among rescue workers.
Applications.
The knot is used for vertical caving using the single rope technique, particularly by French cavers. It is advertised by the French Federation of Speleology as a safe alternative to the "bowline on a bight". Compared to the traditional bunnyears variant of the figure of eight, its loops remain open under load allowing to clip and unclip carabiners in the loops more easily.
The knot is also popular to create a makeshift harness in rescue operations. The two loops are used as leg loops to sit in. The knot can be further improved by adding two bowlines around a person's body to create a three-point harness.
Technique.
The traditional method of tying this knot starts with a reverse loop (like the Eskimo bowline) then wraps around the standing end (AKA the "tree"), you then finish the knot the same way as the BOAB – Bowline on a bight.
An alternative way as advertised by the French Federation of Speleology and Mike Karash is starting with a figure of eight on a bight, then pulls two strands of the rope back through the bight.


UIM F2 World Championship

The F2 World Championship is an international powerboat racing competition organised by the Union Internationale Motonautique.
The Boats.
The carbon fibre catamaran hulls are powered by Mercury Racing OptiMax 2.5XS outboards.
Qualifying.
Qualifying periods (Q1, Q2 & a shoot out) decide the formation of the grid.
Races.
Each race lasts approximately 45 minutes following a circuit marked out in a selected stretch of water, usually a lake, river, dock, or sheltered bay.
2020 UIM F2 World Championship.
Portugal's Duarte Benavente won the 2020 UIM F2 World Championship with Edgaras Riabko from Lithuania second and Britain's Owen Jelf third.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a shortened season was held over three rounds in two countries, Lithuania and Portugal.


Manchester Roller Derby

Manchester Roller Derby (MRD) is a roller derby league based in Manchester, England. Founded in 2010, the league plays by the rules of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).
History.
MRD attracted attention in early 2011 when the league's original women's team played Hot Wheel Roller Derby at the Manchester Academy in a sell-out bout.
In November 2012, MRD hosted a bout as part of the New York Shock Exchange's 'Shock the UK' tour, which saw New Wheeled Order bout against the New York team. This was the first intercontinental men's flat track derby bout.
The league formed a co-ed team known as the MRD Allstars to participate in the UK's first co-ed roller derby tournament in January 2013. MRD Allstars won this tournament against competition from Birmingham, Nottingham and Sheffield.
Teams.
MRD consists of two women's teams and two men's teams, which compete against teams from other leagues. The women's teams are CheckerBroads (A) and Furies (B), and the men's teams are New Wheeled Order (A) and Chaos Engine (B).
Affiliation.
In December 2012, MRD was accepted as one of the first three non-American members of the Men's Roller Derby Association. The league became a member of the United Kingdom Roller Derby Association in November 2013. MRD league members have expressed interest in being affiliated with the Women's Flat Track Derby Association, but the league does not currently meet the WFTDA membership requirements due to it being a co-ed league consisting of both women and men.