3. Liga

The 3. Liga is a professional association football league and the third division in Germany. In the German football league system, it is positioned between the 2. Bundesliga and the fourth-tier Regionalliga.
The modern 3. Liga was formed for the 2008–09 season, replacing the Regionalliga, which had previously served as the third-tier in the country. In Germany, the 3. Liga is also the highest division that a club's reserve team can play in.
History.
In January 2006, the discussion was made about a reorganization of the amateur leagues and the establishment of a single-track "3. Bundesliga". The aim of the reform was to create a great performance density for the substructure of the 2. Bundesliga with better support and development opportunities for talented players. In addition, better marketing of the third division should be achieved. A violent dispute broke out in the run-up to the decision scheduled for September 2006 at the DFB-Bundestag about the participation of second teams in the first and second division. After the U23 teams of the professional clubs were initially not supposed to take part in the newly created league for reasons of distortion of competition and low attendance, several Bundesliga clubs demanded, an unrestricted right to participate. Ultimately, a compromise was worked out that initially only allowed four second substitutes to play in the premier season of the third division.
On 8 September 2006, the introduction of the single-track 3. Liga was finally decided at an extraordinary DFB Bundestag. Half of the clubs from the existing Regionalliga North and South were able to qualify for the premiere season, plus four relegated teams from the 2. Bundesliga. The German Football Association, the "DFB", announced the formation of the 3. Liga. It was originally anticipated that the league's name would be 3. Bundesliga, but the "DFB" chose "3. Liga" instead, as the league will be directly administered by the "DFB", not by the German Football League "DFL" (Deutsche Fußball Liga) who runs both Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga. On 10 April 2008, the DFB presented the logo for the new division to the public.
In contrast to the introduction of the 2. Liga in 1974 or the merging of the north and south seasons to form the single-track 2. Bundesliga for the 1981–82 season, there was no multi-year rating when determining the participants for the first season of the new 3. Liga. It was only the performance of the teams in the qualifying period of the Regionalliga relays were athletically qualified for the 3. Liga. In addition, there were four 2. Liga relegated teams in the 2007–08 season. The Regionalliga players who were not qualified for the new division after completing the admission process competed in the new three-pronged fourth division Regionalliga, provided they were granted a license for this.
The first match of the 3. Liga was played on 25 July 2008 between Rot-Weiß Erfurt and Dynamo Dresden at the Steigerwaldstadion in Erfurt. Dynamo Dresden won the match 1–0, with Halil Savran scoring the only goal in the closing stages of the first half. The first goal scorer in the 3. Liga was Halil Savran and the first table leader was SC Paderborn 07. The first champions of the 3. Liga were 1. FC Union Berlin on 9 May 2009, who received the eight-and-a-half-kilogram silver championship trophy.
In the 2018–19 season, four relegated teams were determined for the first time in the history of the 3. Liga, and for the first-time regular Monday games took place. Furthermore, for the first time no U23 team from a higher-class club was able to qualify for the league. With the relegation of the last founding member of the 3. Liga, FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt, in the preseason, for the first time, no team that been part of the league without interruption took part in the game. In addition, at the beginning of the 2018–19 season, the DFB and Adidas signed a partner contract that would run until the end of the 2021–22 season, according to which the company provides a uniform match ball; in all previous seasons each club had its own ball sponsor. The first ball provided by Adidas for all the clubs was the Telstar 18, which was also used at the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
For the 2019–20 season, as in the two national leagues, warnings for club officials were introduced in the form of cards. On the 13th match day, the DFB expanded the regulation by an addition – as with players, club officials are threatened with suspension of more than one game and yellow card suspensions after being sent off after being checked by the competent authority. In view of the global COVID-19 pandemic, gaming operations had to be temporarily suspended after 27 match days on 11 March 2020 and finally completely ceased on 16 March; the measure was initially valid until 30 April 2020. On 3 April, the DFB announced extensive changes to the game rules as a result. Among other things, it was possible to carry out seasonal operations beyond 30 June 2020, so the following season was opened later than the planned time. Ultimately, the final game day took place on 4 July 2020. In addition, a possible application to open insolvency proceedings within the 2019–20 season would no longer have resulted in a point deduction, in the following season only three points would be deducted instead of the usual nine; from the 2021–22 season onwards, the usual regulation should apply again. On 21 May, it was decided to resume game operations on 30 May, and the DFB and DFL had worked out a hygiene concept for all three leagues with the help of the "Task Force Sports Medicine/Special Game Operations". In parallel to the two national leagues, the DFB increased the substitutions quota per team from three to five player for the 3. Liga until the end of the season, and the third-highest German division was not allowed be played in front of spectators.
While small numbers of spectators are allowed from the start of the 2020–21 season under certain conditions, it was decided in an internal league survey to limit the substitution contingent to three players again.
Financial situation.
From its foundation in 2008 to 2013, the league operated at a financial loss, with a record deficit of €20.9 million in 2012–13. The 2013–14 season saw the league make a profit for the first time, of €4.9 million. The league earned €164.5 million, well behind the two Bundesligas above it, but also well ahead of other professional sports leagues in Germany. The Deutsche Eishockey Liga followed with €106.1 million and the Basketball Bundesliga and Handball-Bundesliga were each around the €90 million mark. This makes it the third-most economically successful professional league in all German sports.
Clubs.
Since the establishment of the 3. Liga in 2008, a total of 60 clubs have played in this division. In the 2020–21 season, SC Verl, Türkgücü München and VfB Lübeck were represented in the league for the first time. The last club that has been in the 3. Liga without interruption since it was founded in 2008 is FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt, which was relegated in 2018. The longest uninterrupted club playing in the league is SV Wehen Wiesbaden, which from 2009 until its promotion to the 2. Liga in 2019, played in the 3. Liga for 10 years and also leads the all-time table. The clubs that have remained the longest at the moment are FC Hansa Rostock and Hallescher FC, which have remained in the division since 2012. the clubs with the currently most – ten - seasons in the 2. Liga are Sv Wehen Wiesbaden and SpVgg Unterhaching.
Members of the 2020–21 3. Liga
Structure.
Since the first season in 2008–09, 20 teams have been playing for promotion to the 2. Bundesliga. The first two teams are promoted directly, the third in the table has to play for promotion in two playoffs in the relegation against the third from the bottom of the 2. Bundesliga. The three (from the 2018–19 season four) last-placed teams will be relegated to the fourth-class Regionalliga and will be replaced by four (until 2018–19 three) promoted teams from the Regionalligas. The four best teams in the league qualify for the DFB-Pokal.
The teams which are not reserve teams of Bundesliga teams among the 20 teams in the league compete for promotion to the 2. Bundesliga, while the four bottom teams are relegated to one of the five Regionalligen: Regionalliga Nord, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga West, Regionalliga Südwest, and Regionalliga Bayern. Until 2018, three were relegated. If, however, a reserve team is playing in the 3. Liga and the respective first team is relegated to the 3. Liga, the reserve team will be demoted to the fifth-level Oberliga regardless of its league position, because reserve teams of 3. Liga clubs are ineligible to play in the Regionalliga.
Qualifying for the 3. Liga.
At the end of the 2007–08 season, the two best non-reserve teams from each of the two divisions of the Regionalliga were promoted to the 2. Bundesliga. The teams ranked third to tenth in both Regionalliga entered the new 3. Liga, joining the four teams relegated from the 2. Bundesliga to form the new 20-team league. Teams finishing 11th or lower in their Regionalliga remained where they were.
On 18 May 2008, at the end of the 2007–08 2. Bundesliga season, four clubs were relegated from the 2. Bundesliga and became charter members of the 3. Liga: Kickers Offenbach, Erzgebirge Aue, SC Paderborn and FC Carl Zeiss Jena.
On 31 May 2008, at the end of the 2007–08 Regionalliga seasons, clubs placing third through tenth in the Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga Süd also qualified for the new 3. Liga.
U23 Regulation.
The teams of the 3. Liga are obliged to list at least 4 players in the match report sheet (game day squad) for each game who are eligible to play for a DFB selection team and who are not older than 23 years for the entire season (1 July to 30 June), i.e. were born on or after 1 July 1997 (U23 players) for the 2020–21 season.
Eligibility to play in the second teams of licensed clubs (Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga) is based on the regulation that applies from the Regionalliga downwards. According to this, only U23 players (see above) may be used, with 3 older players being allowed to be in the game at the same time.
From the Regionalliga Nord:
From the Regionalliga Süd:
Promotion and relegation.
The winner and runner-up in a given season are automatically promoted to the 2. Bundesliga. The third place team enters a home/away playoff against the 16th placed team of the 2. Bundesliga for the right to enter/stay in the 2. Bundesliga. Teams placing in the bottom four (three prior to 2019) are automatically sent to the Regionalliga.
Economy.
With an annual turnover of € 186 million (as of 2017–18), the 3. Liga was ahead of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga, the Handball-Bundesliga and Basketball Bundesliga (see: List of professional sports leagues by revenue).
License terms.
In addition to sporting qualifications, the clubs concerned must also meet the economic and technical- organizational requirements that are mandatory by the DFB Presidium. These include that the capacity the stadiums in the 3. Liga must be more than 10,000 seats (of which 2000 seats); in turn, at least one third of these spaces must be covered. A stadium capacity of 5000 seats is sufficient for second teams. The coaches must have completed the football teacher training.
In particular, the conditions relating to the arcade infrastructure repeatedly prompt potential climbers from the subordinate regional leagues not to submit any licensing documents; for example SV Rödinghausen or Berliner AK 07, both of which play in stadiums that are clearly too small. On the other hand, cases such as that of KFC Uerdingen 05, 1. FC Saarbrücken or Türkgücü München show that even a temporary game operation in alternative venues is just as problematic as the search for one.
Broadcast rights.
The media rights contract with SportA, the sports rights agency of the German public broadcasters ARD and ZDF, ran until the end of the 2017–18 season. Under this contract, the ARD and its third programs broadcast at least 100, a maximum of 120 games as well as the promotion games to the 3. Liga live. The third programs broadcast further games via live stream on the internet. This reached an average of around four million viewers. in addition, the ARD Sportschau showed summaries of selected games on Saturday from 6 pm to 6:30 pm.
Since the start of the 2017–18 season, Deutsche Telekom has been broadcasting all games for customers and subscribers as internet live streams. From the 2018–19 season to the 2020–21 season, a new contract came into force, with which SportA and Telekom jointly held the media rights to the 3. Liga. The ARD and its state broadcasters will then show 86 games from the 3. Liga as well as the promotion games to the 3. Liga live.
The clubs in the 3. Liga have each received well over a million euros for television rights since the 2018–19 season, around 40 percent more than before. When the 3. Liga was introduced, the clubs received a total of € 10 million. Since the 2009–10 season, the annual payout has been € 12,8 million. The second teams of the professional clubs do not participate in the television money.
Approximately 1-2 matches per week are broadcast with English commentary on the German Football Association YouTube channel.
Spectators.
The number of spectators in the 3. Liga varies greatly. Big city traditional clubs like Dynamo Dresden, 1. FC Kaiserslautern, 1. FC Magdeburg, FC Hansa Rostock, MSV Duisburg, Arminia Bielefeld, Karlsruher SC, Alemannia Aachen, Eintracht Braunschweig, TSV 1860 Munich and Fortuna Düsseldorf, but also the ambitious newcomer RB Leipzig often had an average attendance of well over 10,000 viewers per game. Dynamo Dresden achieved the highest amount with an average of 27,500 spectators in the 2015–16 season. For the 2. Bundesliga teams, the average attendance is often less than 1,500 spectators per game. Werder Bremen II had the lowest value in the 2011–12 season with an average of 626. In the 2018–19 season, more than 3 million spectators were registered for the first time with an average of over 8,000, and six clubs achieved a five-digit average attendance.
Overall the 3. Liga has audience numbers that are comparable to the second soccer leagues in Italy (Serie B), France (Ligue 2) and Spain (Segunda División). Only the third-rate English football league One has similarly high or higher attendance numbers.
In the 2014–15 season, for the first time, more spectators per game came in the 3. Liga then in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). Since then the average has always been just above that of the DEL. Right from the start, the average number of spectators in the 3. Liga exceeded that of the Handball and Basketball Bundesliga.
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Economic situation of the clubs.
Since its first season, the 3. Liga has had a higher turnover than the first-class German Leagues in all other sports. For a number of clubs their participation in the 3. Liga ended with major financial problems. In 2009, the Stuttgarter Kickers got down after the DFB had imposed a three-point deduction for a loan that was not repaid on time. In addition, Kickers Emden had to withdraw its application for a license for the 3. Liga for economic reasons. In 2010–11, the opening of insolvency proceeding resulted in the forced regulation of Rot Weiss Ahlen. In the same season, TuS Koblenz waived their right to start the following third division season due to financial bottlenecks. In 2013, after the opening of insolvency proceedings, Alemannia Aachen was determined to be relegated early on and Kickers Offenbach's third division license was revoked. In 2016–17, VfR Aalen and FSV Frankfurt. In March 2018, FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt filed for bankruptcy, followed by Chemnitzer FC in April. Both clubs were relegated after deducting ten or nine points. Several other clubs are constantly threatened with bankruptcy.
At a press conference in mid-October 2019, the DFB published the balance sheet report for the 2018–19 season. A record turnover of € 185 million was offset by an average loss of € 1.5 million, which meant a new negative record. It was also the ninth of eleven years in which the clubs showed a total deficit, while seven clubs were still able to generate a profit. One of the main drivers of this situation, according to the report, was increased spending on human resources, particularly on player transfers and salaries. The average earnings of a 3. Liga player for 2018–19 was given as around € 7,000. In addition, the number of spectators in the stadiums continued to rise, but in return it fell significantly on television.
Financial fair play and the promotion of young talent.
In order to counteract the problem, the DFB decided in September 2018 to introduce so-called financial fair play in the 3. Liga as well as a youth development fund to improve the economic situation of the clubs and strengthen their talent development. A total of around € 3.5 million is to be distributed to the clubs. Up to € 550,000 is to be distributed equally among clubs with a "positive seasonal result" and clubs that "have achieved or even exceeded their target season goal". A further € 2.95 million is to flow into the youth development of the participants, whereby the use of U21 players with German nationality should have a positive effect on the distribution rate per club.
The pots are distributed in September at the end of a season. With the first distribution, Hansa Rostock received the highest amount for the top position in the categories "positive annual result" and "planned quiality" after a record turnover of € 19 million in the 2018–19 season.
League statistics.
Up to and including the 2018–19 season the top goal scorers, attendance statistics and records for the league are:
Records.
"As of 29 May 2019"
Placings in the 3. Liga.
The following clubs have played in the league and achieved the following final positions:
Promotion rounds.
To the 2. Bundesliga.
At the end of the regular season the third placed team in the 3. Liga play the 16th placed team in the 2. Bundesliga over two matches. The overall winner plays in the 2. Bundesliga in the following season, and the loser in the 3. Liga.
To the 3. Liga.
From the 2012–13 to 2017–18 seasons, the champions of the five Regionalligas and the runners-up of the Regionalliga Südwest entered an end-of-the season play-off to determine the three teams promoted to the 3. Liga. From the 2018–19 season, three out of those five champions take direct promotion, leaving the remaining two to contest the play-off for the fourth promotion.
In popular media.
The German 3. Liga was licensed in 2017 for EA SPORTS FIFA 18 video-game for the first time by the result of a voting poll from the FIFA community FIFPlay for FIFA 18 new leagues. The voting has received over 2 million votes from the community with more than 230,000 votes for the German 3rd League (3. Liga).


William Martin (sport shooter)

William B. Martin (May 13, 1866 – January 22, 1931) was an American sport shooter, who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics.
At the 1908 Olympics he won a gold medal in the team military rifle event. In the Autumn of 1917, Martin was elected Union County, New Jersey Clerk. He assumed office for a five-year term and was twice re-elected.


Tippler

The tippler is a breed of domestic pigeon bred to participate in endurance competitions. Flying results of up to 22 hours (non-stop) have been reported.
Origins.
The pigeon evolved from the rock pigeon ("Columba livia") that is endemic to the region between the Mediterranean and China. Some pigeon breeds are believed to have originated from the Middle East, although the origin of the tippler is uncertain. The predominant theory is that the tippler was a cross breed, between the homing pigeon (Indian Highflyers/Tumblers) and the cumulet. This cross-breeding was thought to improve the bird's endurance and allow a larger flight range. It is proposed that selection for this long-term flying ability helped to eliminate its progenitor's tumbling flight behavior. The breed is believed to have originated in 1845, near the silk milling towns of Congleton and Macclesfield in East Cheshire, England. The breeder's aim was to perfect the "butterfly action" of the wings. The ease and grace of the wings enabled the tippler to attain its long flight duration. Levi, in "The Pigeon", cites a reference from Hepworth (1893) who interviewed W. Jolly of Mill Green, who claimed that he had been breeding tipplers for fifty-six years. That would take the origin back to at least 1837. Levi also commented that the breed was developed around the towns of Rainow and Macclesfield. It further mentions, "Macclesfield tipplers", as a strain or type of tippler and that they were named after the region in which they were developed.
Types.
Tippler "types" were named after their breeders or their original location. Most of these types can stay aloft for over 19 hours.
"Hughes" were bred by Gordon Hughes in Derby, with a flying record of 18:07 in 1976.
"Sam Billingham", Arthur Newton, Joe Davies, and Jack Holland were also among England's top breeders.
Other popular types include "Lovatt", "Merredith", Shannon (also known as Irish Delight) and Sheffield (usually colored red and yellow).
Training.
Tipplers are intelligent birds and can be trained to fly long hours and drop only when asked.
Competitions and flying rules.
The homing pigeon flies to race home, the Roller pigeon flies to roll, but the tippler just flies. Tippler fanciers can compete anywhere in the world without traveling. A "kit" of tipplers consists of three or more birds. Each tippler club has defined flying rules. Generally, the aim is for the whole kit to fly as long as possible. When one lands, or if the fancier gives the landing sign, the competition ends. Usually, the birds must be seen every hour by the referee to make sure that they are indeed flying. Most clubs base their flying rules on the "NTU flying rules".
The two categories of competition are young birds and old birds. A young bird is one hatched during the current year that bears a seamless band issued for that year. Any other bird is regarded as an old bird, regardless of its actual age. The first old bird race is usually about the middle of April, with others at two week intervals. The most important competition occupies the so-called Long Day. The longest (weekend) day of the year.
In Pakistan many fanciers and associations organize endurance competitions. In the Rawalpindi-Islamabad area, the All Pakistan Pigeons Lovers Association organizes two competitions one in September or October and one in May. Each fancier comes with a team of seven to eleven birds. In May, the competition starts at 4:50 am when the temperature gets up to 45 degrees. The total time scored by each team is calculated at the end and prizes are awarded. These competitions are not only a source of amusement but also an opportunity for social interaction.


Miss England (speedboat)

Miss England was the name applied to a series of speedboats used by Henry Segrave and Kaye Don to contest world water speed records in the 1920s and 1930s.


Masters W60 marathon world record progression

Masters W60 marathon world record progression is the progression of world record improvements of the marathon W60 division of Masters athletics. Records must be set in properly conducted, official competitions under the standing IAAF rules unless modified by World Masters Athletics.

The W60 division consists of female athletes who have reached the age of 60 but have not yet reached the age of 65, so exactly from their 60th birthday to the day before their 65th birthday. Marathon running is not normally seeded into age divisions so all of these records were set in marathon race open to most other age groups.

References.
Masters Athletics Marathon list


List of 2006 motorsport champions

This list of 2006 motorsport champions is a list of national or international auto racing series with a Championship decided by the points or positions earned by a driver from multiple races.


Volleyball at the 2000 Summer Paralympics

Volleyball at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney consisted of standing and sitting volleyball events for men.
Men's standing volleyball team rosters.
"Source: International Paralympic Committee"
Men's sitting volleyball team rosters.
"Source: International Paralympic Committee"


Ladder approach

The ladder approach is a lifesaving technique taught by Lifesaving Society and is used to promote the safety of a rescuer during an aquatic rescue. The approach stresses using the least dangerous method possible during a rescue, and moving on to more dangerous options if it becomes necessary to do so. This method can help keep the rescuer as safe as possible throughout the rescue.


Maurice Blitz

Maurice Blitz (28 July 1891 – 2 February 1975) was a Belgian Olympic water polo player during the 1920s. He was born in Paris.
He was the older brother of sporting champion Gérard Blitz, and father of Gérard Blitz who founded Club Med in 1950.
Maurice Blitz and his brother Gérard were both member of the Belgian water polo national team who won silver in two consecutive olympic events, in 1920 and 1924.
Maurice Blitz, who was Jewish, did not leave the water polo scene once he retired from competitions. He became an international referee (he conducted the Olympic final in 1928), and was a member of the Belgian Olympic Committee and swimming federation.
In 1948, he founded the swimming and waterpolo club Zwemclub Scaldis in Antwerp.
He was one of the early financial supporters of Club Med, founded by his son Gérard in 1950.


Phoenix Bessemer F.C.

Phoenix Bessemer Football Club was an English association football club based in the large town of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England.
History.
Little is known of the club other than that they entered the FA Cup in 1882. Their 9-1 win over Grimsby Town during that seasons FA Cup competition is still their opponents record biggest defeat.


Arnaud Boiteau

Arnaud Boiteau (born 7 November 1973, in Angers) is a French equestrian and Olympic champion. He won a team gold medal in "eventing" at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.


Ivan Bussens

Ivan Bussens (3 June 1960 – 27 August 2007) was a British sportsman who competed at water polo at the Gay Games. He raised the profile of LGBT sport, having co-founded the Out for Sport organisation representing gay clubs in London and served on international sporting associations.
Biography.
Bussens was born at Batu Gaja, Malaysia, and educated at Culford School, Suffolk, England. Having moved to London, he became a fashion buyer, events planner and interior designer. The latter brought prominence with photographers and television companies, and the house he shared with his partner Peter Unsworth featured in magazines and in scenes from ITV's "Footballers Wives".
Bussens founded Out for Sport, an organisation representing gay sports clubs in London. He promoted its first multi-sport competition. Bussens served on the board of the International Gay and Lesbian Aquatics Association and was London representative at the Federation of Gay Games. He persuaded the committee of Out To Swim to sponsor a women-only session to encourage greater participation. In 2000 he helped Out To Swim establish a water polo team (known as London Orca) with the help of a National Lottery grant. He made links with the 2012 Summer Olympics and the Mayor of London's office to ensure lesbian and gay inclusion.
Bussens was in a same-sex partnership with Peter Unsworth for 26 years. After fighting cancer during 2006, Bussens suffered a relapse and died in hospital in summer 2007, aged 47. His funeral took place in Norfolk, where his parents Alan and Cyndie lived, and where he is buried.


Dragon Trophy

The Dragon Trophy is an annual international figure skating competition. It is typically held in February in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Medals may be awarded in men's and ladies' singles on the senior, junior, and advanced novice levels. Senior events were added in 2012.


Ward (fencing)

A ward or guard (translating German "Hut" "protection") is a defensive position in the German school of swordsmanship. In Royal Armouries Ms. I.33 the concept is rendered as custodia "guard".


Yosef Dobkin

 Yosef (Joseph) Dobkin (13 August 1909 – 9 April 1977) was an Israeli chess master.
Dobkin was born in Russia. He immigrated to Palestine (British Mandate) in 1924 and studied chemistry at the Hebrew University. He did his Ph.D. thesis, and joined the Department of Physiology. He was an accomplished chess player, received the international master's degree.
In April 1935, he tied for 3rd-5th in Tel Aviv (the 2nd Maccabiah Games, Abram Blass won). He played for Palestine/Israeli team in two Chess Olympiads; at third board (+2 –7 =6) in the 6th Olympiad at Warsaw 1935, and at first reserve board (+2 –5 =2) in the 12th Olympiad at Moscow 1956.
In 1974, he took 16th in Israeli Chess Championship (Vladimir Liberzon and Moshe Czerniak won).


Redfearns F.C.


Miriam Kara

Miriam Kara (מרים קארה; born December 3, 1938) is an Israeli former Olympic gymnast.
She was born in Jerusalem and is Jewish.
Gymnastics career.
Kara competed for Israel at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy, in gymnastics at the age of 21. In the Women's Individual All-Around she came in tied for 86th out of 124 gymnasts, in the Women's Floor Exercise she came in 83rd, in the Women's Horse Vault she came in 108th, in the Women's Uneven Bars she came in 68th, and in the Women's Balance Beam she came in 84th. When she competed in the Olympics she was 5-3 (161 cm) tall and weighed 110 lbs (50 kg).
At the 1962 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships Kara came in 83rd overall as the Israeli team came in 15th overall, and at the 1966 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships she came in 103rd as the Israeli team came in 16th.


Golden Cup

The Golden Cup is one Roller Hockey tournament disputed all years in the city of Blanes, Catalonia. The first edition was in 2004.


Official Formula One Racing

Official Formula 1 Racing is a racing game developed by Lankhor and published by Eidos Interactive in 1999. A sequel to the game, called "F1 World Grand Prix" (the 1999 version), was released in 1999-2000.
Reception.
The game received average reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. "GameSpot" said: ""Official Formula 1 Racing" achieves only moderate success either as an arcade racer or as a serious simulation". Adam Pavlacka of "NextGen" said: "The game is solid and the graphics decent, but there isn't anything groundbreaking – or especially exciting – here".


European Fencing Championships

The European Fencing Championships is an annual top-level European fencing competition organized by the European Fencing Confederation.
History.
The first competition bearing the name of "European Fencing Championships" was held in Paris in 1921. The International Fencing Federation (FIE) comprised only European federations at the time, with the exception of the United States. In 1936, on the 25th anniversary of the FIE and at the request of the Italian federation, the FIE congress decided to open the European Championships to all countries and granted retroactive recognition of the European Championships as World Championships.
After 1937 the FIE focused on the organisation of the World Fencing Championships. Demand for European Championships appeared at the 1979 congress, but it was rejected on the ground that they would either belittle the World Championships or offer a poor fencing level. The question was put forth again the following year by the Yugoslav federation, with the support of the Italian federation, which offered to organize the first competition. The congress agreed to authorize such championships, on the condition that they would be held only when the World Championships were organized in a non-European country. The first edition took place in Foggia, Italy on 11 and 12 November 1981. They proved to cause no interference with the 1981 World Championships and the restriction was lifted.
Formula.
Contrary to the World Championships and the World Cup, no exemption is granted to Top 16 fencers: all fence a round of pools, which eliminates 20% to 30% of participants. The remaining fencers compete in a direct elimination table.
Medal table.
Updated after the 2019 European Fencing Championships.


2002 CART season

The 2002 FedEx Championship Series season, the twenty-fourth in the CART era of U.S. open-wheel racing, consisted of 19 races, beginning in Monterrey, Mexico on March 10 and concluding in Mexico City, Mexico on November 17. The FedEx Championship Series Drivers' Champion was Cristiano da Matta. Rookie of the Year was Mario Domínguez.
Sports television channel ESPN dropped CART coverage for the 2002 season. CBS and Speed Channel took its place for two seasons.
Drivers and teams.
Bridgestone became the exclusive tire supplier for CART, replacing Firestone, an association that would continue until the final Champ Car season in 2007. The 2002 season was the last to feature multiple engine manufacturers.
The following teams and drivers competed in the 2002 CART Championship Series season.
Team changes.
The biggest change to the team lineup in the 2002 CART season was the defection of Team Penske to the rival Indy Racing League. The departure of Team Penske, a CART stalwart from its earliest days, was an early sign of a major shift in the CART-IRL rivalry. Several other major CART powers would follow Penske to the IRL for the 2003 season. Target Chip Ganassi Racing and Mo Nunn Racing both set up separate IRL teams in 2002, but continued to compete in CART for the time being, though Mo Nunn downsized his team to a single car. They would be among the teams to leave CART for the IRL in 2003. Blair Racing also left CART for IRL. Patrick Racing downsized their effort to a single car, while Forsythe Racing shut down their third car driven by Bryan Herta in 2001 for lack of sponsorship.
Driver changes.
1996 series champion Jimmy Vasser, one of two former champions in the 2002 field (the other being Michael Andretti), left Patrick Racing for Team Rahal. Joining him at Rahal was Michel Jourdain Jr. who left Herdez Competition. Rahal's 2001 drivers, Kenny Bräck and Max Papis moved to Target Chip Ganassi Racing and Sigma Autosport. Papis took the seat previously occupied by Oriol Servià, who replaced the retiring Maurício Gugelmin at PWR Championship Racing. The 2002 season started with two rookies. 2001 Dayton Indy Lights champion Townsend Bell led a one car effort at Patrick Racing. Mario Domínguez signed on for another single car effort with Herdez Competition.
Season summary.
Schedule.
 Oval/Speedway

 Dedicated road course

 Temporary street circuit


Netherlands national rollball team

The Netherlands national rollball team is the national men's roll ball team of the Netherlands.
The Netherlands competed in the 2011 Roll Ball World Cup where they finished 9th and won the fair play award. Four years later they also competed at the 2015 Rollball World Cup.
Interlands.
2011 Roll Ball World Cup.
Due to food poisoning Chris Bres, the goal keeper, couldn't play all the matches.


Viseyie Koso

Viseyie Koso (born March 25, 1984) is a Naga professional Sepak Takraw player. In 2010, Koso became the first Naga sportsman to represent India at the 2010 Asian Games held in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. He also participated in the 2014 Asian Games held at Incheon in the Seoul National Capital Area, South Korea.
Biography.
Early life.
Viseyie Koso was born on March 25, 1984, in Viswema, Nagaland. Koso did his graduation from St. Joseph's College, Jakhama.
Career.
Koso participated in the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou that was held from 16 November to 20 November at the Haizhu Sports Center becoming the first Naga sportsman to represent India at an Asian Games.
At the 17th Asian Games in 2014 in Korea, Koso and Keneileno Nakhro along with Nagaland Sepaktakraw coach, Holshe Khrie-o represented the Indian Sepaktakraw team.
Koso also participated in the 30th Kings Cup, Sepaktakraw World Championship in Bangkok, held from May 4 to 10. The Indian Men team won Bronze medal in Regu event.


2005 Indianapolis 500

The 89th Indianapolis 500 was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Sunday, May 29, 2005. It was the premier event of the 2005 IndyCar Series season and the tenth Indy 500 sanctioned by the Indy Racing League. Dan Wheldon won the race, his first of two Indy victories (2005, 2011). Wheldon became the first British-born winner since Graham Hill in 1966. It was the second-consecutive Indy victory for Honda, and the first victory for the Dallara chassis since 2002. It was also the long-awaited first Indianapolis 500 victory for car owner Michael Andretti of Andretti-Green Racing. After many years of failing to win the race as a driver ("Andretti Curse"), Andretti finally achieved victory at Indianapolis as an owner. As of 2020, it is the first of his five Indy victories as an owner.
Rookie Danica Patrick, who qualified and finished fourth, became the first female driver in Indy history to lead laps during the race. Patrick led three times for a total of 19 laps and won the Rookie of the Year award. Considerable media hype and attention was focused on the race and on Patrick in particular during the month, giving birth to the term "Danica Mania." Her 4th place starting position broke the record set by Lyn St. James (6th in 1994) and her 4th-place finishing position broke record set by Janet Guthrie (9th in 1978).
The increased attention going into the race helped register a 6.5 Nielsen rating, the highest since 1996. Also making headlines during the month of May was the return of 1999 winner Kenny Bräck. After suffering a horrendous crash at Texas in October 2003, Bräck sat out the 2004 season, recovering from serious injuries. Bräck, in what would be his final Indy car race, drove in substitute for Buddy Rice, who had suffered a concussion in a practice crash. Bräck was the overall fastest qualifier during time trials but dropped out of the race near the halfway point due to mechanical problems.
Background.
Over the offseason, the Indianapolis Motor Speedway was milled and repaved in asphalt. Selective diamond grinding was done in an effort to smooth out bumps in the turns. On April 5, 2005, a private test session saw four teams (AGR, Ganassi, Rahal, and Panther) test for Firestone. The session was canceled, however, when the inconsistent pavement in the turns created an unsuitable dual level of grip in the corners. A week later, the entire track was diamond ground to cure the problem.
The schedule for the month of May was slightly retooled for 2005. The annual rookie orientation program was moved to opening day, as well as the second day of official activity. Previously, in most cases, rookie orientation was held prior to the traditional "opening day" of practice, often in April. Veteran practice would commence on Tuesday, the third day overall.
Carb Day, the traditional last day of practice before the race, was moved from its familiar Thursday slot to Friday of the race weekend. After four years of having three days of time trials scheduled (2001–2004), time trials reverted to four days, and a new format (dubbed "11/11/11") was introduced.
After they were first allowed in 2004, single-point refueling rigs were made mandatory for 2005.
After several decades of the race traditionally starting at 11:00 a.m. local time (), the start time was moved to 12:00 p.m. EST (1:00 p.m. ).
Team and driver changes.
Among the numerous team/driver changes for 2005 included Rahal Letterman Racing. Defending Indy 500 winner Buddy Rice returned, and was joined by rookie Danica Patrick. Newman/Haas Racing returned to the Indy 500, entering Sébastien Bourdais and Bruno Junqueira.
Two-time winner Al Unser, Jr. took a brief retirement from driving for 2005 and did not enter. With him along with others such as Michael Andretti, and Arie Luyendyk on the sidelines, no participants from the 1980s would qualify for the field, the first time ever.
Practice (week 1).
Sunday May 8.
Opening day of practice focused on rookie orientation. The coveted first driver on the track was Danica Patrick. Among the top drivers of the day were Patrick (221.463 mph), Ryan Briscoe, and Patrick Carpentier. Seven out of the nine drivers participating completed their required rookie test.
Monday May 9.
The second day of rookie orientation saw Danica Patrick again set the pace. She set the fast lap of the month thus far at 222.741 mph. Sébastien Bourdais completed his rookie test, while Jeff Ward completed a refresher test.
Tuesday May 10.
The first full day of veteran practice saw heavy activity. Dan Wheldon led the speed chart at 226.808 mph, and no incidents were reported.
Wednesday May 11.
Defending Indy 500 winner Buddy Rice suffered a significant crash at 12:16 p.m. The car spun in turn 2 and made heavy contact to the rear of the car. Kosuke Matsuura spun to avoid the crash, but received minimal damage. Rice was transported to Methodist Hospital with a concussion.
Rain ended the day about a half hour early, with Tony Kanaan fastest of the day, and fastest of the month thus far, at 227.453 mph.
Thursday May 12.
Darren Manning and Paul Dana both suffered single-car crashes during the session, but neither were seriously injured. Tony Kanaan led the pace early over 227 mph, but late in the day, Danica Patrick upped the speed to 227.633 mph. It marked the fastest lap thus far during the month, and the first time a female driver had led the speed chart on a full day of practice (without a rain delay) since 1977.
Friday May 13.
"Fast Friday" practice saw cloudy skies, and warm temperatures. Paul Dana wrecked his backup car, the second day in a row crashing. Exiting turn two, Dana spun and hit the outside wall, and slid down the back stretch. Sam Hornish, Jr. hit a piece of debris from the wreck on the back stretch, and did a full flip. The car came down upright, but continued to spin and came to a rest overturned. Hornish was uninjured, but Dana was taken to the hospital for further evaluation.
Tomas Scheckter turned the fastest lap thus far around 1 p.m., at 227.804 mph. Rain began to fall shortly after 2 p.m., and closed the track for the day.
Time trials (weekend 1).
Saturday May 14.
Rain fell overnight and into the morning, preventing any track activity. A new qualifying format was put into place for 2005, providing that only the top 11 cars would secure positions on pole day, and bumping would then occur. Track officials decided to cancel activities for the day at 12:15 p.m., and postpone pole qualifying until Sunday.
Shortly after the official postponement, the rain stopped and blue skies emerged. Some complained that qualifying could have been held after all, but head official Brian Barnhart still felt there would not be sufficient time to finish the qualifying order.
Sunday May 15 (Pole day).
Cool temperatures in the mid-50s were observed for morning practice. Danica Patrick set the fastest lap of the entire month during the morning session at 229.880 mph. The lap made her a favorite for the front row. Dario Franchitti and Tony Kanaan were close behind on the speed chart.
Due to the rainout on Saturday, 22 positions were to be filled on Sunday. After the field filled to 22 cars, bumping would begin.
At noon, Scott Sharp was the first car to make a qualifying attempt. He placed himself in the field with a speed of 227.126 mph. Moments later, Tony Kanaan put himself on the provisional pole position with a speed of 227.566 mph.
At 12:45 Danica Patrick took to the track. On her first lap, midway through turn 1, the back end of the car wiggled a bit, and slowed her exit from the turn. The first lap was a disappointing 224.920 mph. The second lap, however, increased to 227.638 mph. her fourth and final lap was run at 227.860 mph, the fastest single lap of the day. The final four-lap average of 227.004 mph put her in the fourth starting position. Many feel that if not for the mistake on the first lap, her speed would have been sufficient to secure the pole position.
Later in the day, Sam Hornish, Jr. bumped his way onto the front row. Hélio Castroneves withdrew his earlier speed, but ended up losing a position when he requalified. The field filled to 22 cars, and the day ended as Jaques Lazier was "bumped."
Practice (week 2).
Wednesday May 18.
Rahal Letterman Racing named Kenny Bräck as the replacement for injured Buddy Rice. Brack was the 1999 winner, but sat out the 2004 season recovering from a massive crash in October 2003 at Texas.
Nearly 2,500 laps were run during the afternoon, with Dan Wheldon fastest at 227.320 mph. The fastest non-qualified car was Kenny Bräck, already up to 225.774 mph.
Thursday May 19.
Rain washed out all practice for the day.
Friday May 20.
Another busy day of practice saw 2,228 laps completed incident-free. Dan Wheldon remained on top of the speech chart at 226.399 mph, until Tony Kanaan (226.490 mph) bumped him off in the final hour.
Arie Luyendyk Jr., attempting to complete his rookie test, suffered gearbox trouble, then later blew an engine.
Time trials (weekend 2).
Saturday May 21.
The third day of time trials saw the field fill to 32 cars. In the first hour, Ryan Briscoe, Marty Roth and Kenny Bräck completed runs. Bräck qualified at 227.598 mph, the fastest qualifier in the field. Though he qualified faster than polesitter Tony Kanaan, as a third day qualifier, Bräck would be required to start 22nd.
After blowing an engine earlier, A. J. Foyt IV put a car in the field, and the field finished the day with one grid position open.
Sunday May 22 (Bump day).
With one position open, very few teams in the garage area were prepared to make a qualifying attempt. Most teams used the morning and afternoon sessions for practice. Arie Luyendyk Jr. was the only entry going into the day confirming an intent to qualify.
At 3:10 p.m., Luyendyk, Jr. completed a run at 215.039 mph, and filled the field to 33 cars. Luyendyk, Jr. was the slowest car in the field, and on the bubble. However, it appeared that Luyendyk would be safe, with no other teams preparing to qualify.
Shortly after the run, A. J. Foyt Racing announced that they had signed veteran Felipe Giaffone, and he would attempt to qualify. Giaffone had been shopping with his wife at Babies "Я" Us when he got a telephone call to run over to the Speedway. Within two hours of being at the store, Giaffone was suited up and ready to drive. In less than 45 minutes, he was up to speed and ready to qualify.
At 5:36 p.m., with less than 25 minutes left in the day, Giaffone took to the track and easily bumped Luyendyk, Jr. from the field. Luyendyk's team quickly scrambled his car to go out one final time. With one minute remaining before the 6 o'clock gun, Luyendyk entered the track. His speed was slow, and he fell more than 7 mph shy of bumping his way into the field.
Starting grid.
' = former Indianapolis 500 winner; ' = Indianapolis 500 rookie
Carb day.
For the first time modern scheduling, Carb Day was moved to the Friday before the race (May 27). Previously it was held on a Thursday. The final practice session was also trimmed back to one hour.
All 33 qualified cars took to the track. Nine minutes into the session, Buddy Lazier wrecked coming out of turn four, sliding along the outside wall down the front stretch. Lazier was not seriously injured, but the car would have to be repaired before Sunday.
Danica Patrick led the speed chart at 225.597 mph, and no other serious issues were reported.
Later in the afternoon, Penske Racing with driver Sam Hornish, Jr. won the Checker's/Rally's Pit Stop Challenge. They defeated Andretti Green Racing (Bryan Herta) in the final round.
Race summary.
Start.
Race dawn emerged warm and sunny, with temperatures in the mid 70s (°F), and no chance of rain. Speedway chairperson Mari Hulman George gave the command to start engines at 11:58 a.m. (EST). The field assembled for two parade laps and one pace lap behind the Chevrolet Corvette C6 pace car, driven by Colin Powell.
At the start, a very well-aligned field saw polesitter Tony Kanaan take the lead into turn 1. The field circulated safely through the first lap. In the third turn, Sam Hornish, Jr. passed Kanaan for the lead, and led the first lap. Kanaan re-took the lead on lap 3. The duo traded the lead once more before Larry Foyt crashed on lap 18, bringing out the first caution.
Most of the leaders pit under the yellow, and Kanaan won the race off of pit road.
First half.
Sam Hornish, Jr. took the lead on lap 38, and the race began to settle into a pace. On lap 55, a series of green flag pit stops shuffled the field momentary. Hornish ducked into the pits first, followed by Kanaan. The shuffle brought Danica Patrick to the lead on lap 56. It marked the first time in Indy 500 history that a female driver led a lap in competition. She pitted the next time around, and Hornish emerged once again as the leader.
On lap 78, Bruno Junqueira went to pass the lap car of A. J. Foyt IV in turn 2. The two cars touched, and Junqueira crashed hard into the outside wall. He suffered a concussion and fractured vertebrae.
Kenny Bräck headed for the pits on lap 82 with mechanical trouble. The car eventually dropped out due to a broken wishbone suspension.
As they approached the halfway point, Hornish and Kanaan again battled back and forth for the lead.
Second half.
On lap 114, Richie Hearn and Scott Dixon tangled and crashed in turn one. On the restart, Kanaan and Dario Franchitti passed Hornish on the front stretch, and pulled away from the field.
On lap 147, Sam Hornish, Jr. went to pass Sébastien Bourdais on the outside of turn one. He slid high, and smacked the outside wall. The leaders pit on lap 149, which meant that only one more fuel stop would be required for each car. Exiting the pits, Bryan Herta was penalized for speeding on pit road, and was moved to the rear of the field for the upcoming restart.
On 155, the field prepared to go back to green. Accelerating in the north short chute, Danica Patrick, running 8th, did a half-spin, and tagged Tomáš Enge. Tomas Scheckter spun to avoid the crash, and wrecked into the inside wall. Jeff Bucknum, Patrick Carpentier, and Jaques Lazier also got caught up in the melee. Patrick damaged her nosecone, and ducked immediately into the pits. The team replaced the nose of the car, then a second pit stop (lap 159) saw her change tires and top off the fuel. Patrick dropped to 11th, the last car on the lead lap. Just before the restart on lap 161, Bryan Herta ducked into the pits, and topped off the fuel. The team intended to go the distance without another pit stop.
Finish.
With 30 laps to go, Dan Wheldon led Vitor Meira. Roger Yasukawa brought out the yellow when his car blew an engine down the front stretch. All of the leaders except Patrick and Herta went to the pits. Staying out, Patrick and Herta shuffled up to the front of the field. Patrick took the lead for the second time of the day on lap 172, and led Herta on the lap 173 restart. To the delight of the crowd, Patrick pulled out to a 1-second lead. Her crew instructed her to dial down the fuel mixture (in an effort to make it to the finish), and her lead began to dwindle. Dan Wheldon caught her on lap 186, and took the lead. At the same time, Kosuke Matsuura hit the wall in the exit of turn four.
With ten laps to go, the green flag came back out. Patrick darted around Wheldon, and took the lead into turn 1. She held the lead for three laps. With seven laps to go, Wheldon passed her once again, and pulled out to a lead. With less than three laps to go, Vítor Meira and Bryan Herta managed to get by Patrick, while Wheldon continued to pull away. Down the back stretch with less than 1½ laps to go, Buddy Lazier passed Sébastien Bourdais on the outside for 5th place. Bourdais got loose in turn 3, and crashed into the outside wall. The yellow and white flag were displayed, and one lap later, Dan Wheldon won the race under caution.
Bryan Herta's fuel strategy worked out, and he came home third. Danica Patrick held on to 4th place, beating Janet Guthrie's Indy 500 record (9th place in 1978) for the best finish by a female driver. Buddy Lazier finished a strong 5th, despite nursing a broken front wing after contact by Scott Sharp.
Box score.
' = former Indianapolis 500 winner; ' = Indianapolis 500 rookie
All cars in the 2005 Indianapolis 500 used Firestone tires.
Race leaders.
Seven drivers led the race, with a total of twenty-seven lead changes.
Aftermath.
The massive media attention going into the race delivered a high television rating, and brought the IndyCar Series back into the limelight after several slumping years. Dan Wheldon rode the wave of success to six total victories in 2005, and clinched the 2005 IndyCar Series championship.
Danica Patrick, however, emerged from the race as the biggest star. She was interviewed on "Good Morning America" the morning after the race, and appeared on the cover of "Sports Illustrated". Patrick became a household name nearly overnight, and became a "watercooler" topic.
Two weeks after the race, other drivers in the series started to embrace and make light of the attention. Race winner Dan Wheldon wore a t shirt stating "I actually 'won' the Indy 500." Buddy Rice, the 2004 Indy 500 winner sported a shirt saying "Danica's teammate," while Vítor Meira, who finished second wore a shirt with "Danica's other teammate."
Broadcasting.
Radio.
The race was carried live on the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network. Mike King served as chief announcer. Pancho Carter served as "driver expert," a role he also participated as in 1988.
The four turn reporters remained the same from the previous year. In the pit area Kim Morris and Jim Murphy departed. Joining the crew were Nicole Manske and USAC Midget champion Kevin Olson. During the pre-race, Olson interviewed David Letterman, a segment of the broadcast that would become a fixture in subsequent years.
Among the special guests interviewed in the booth were former Secretary of State Colin Powell and the recently elected Governor of Indiana Mitch Daniels. Sponsor guests interviewed in the booth included Tim Manganello (BorgWarner), Keith Sirios (Checkers and Rally's), Al Spire (Firestone), John Middlebrook (GM), and Keith Newman (Jim Beam).
Television.
For 2005, ABC Sports replaced veteran announcer Paul Page with Todd Harris. Harris had previously covered the "World's Strongest Man" competitions, and worked as a sideline–pit reporter. However, he was inexperienced in anchoring live sports, and did not personally pursue the role. Harris was joined by analyst Scott Goodyear in the booth. Gone from the broadcast was veteran Paul Page, who had covered the 500 on television or radio dating back to 1974.
Also new to the broadcast was Brent Musburger, who took over the host role.
The "Wide World of Sports" telecast opened with the pre-race billed as "Firestone Race Day." The opening teaser entitled "Speed City," created by Brice Bowman of Earshot Audio Post, would eventually earn a Sports Emmy for "Outstanding post-produced audio/sound."
Controversy.
Going into the race broadcast, one of the most significant stories of the month was Danica Patrick qualifying 4th, and having a legitimate chance to win the race. ABC Sports planned to focus considerably on Patrick during the pre-race and race running. Many felt that ABC was ignoring the other drivers, including polesitter Tony Kanaan and eventual winner Dan Wheldon. In the days after the race, ABC, and Harris in particular, were largely criticised by columnists and bloggers for poor coverage, and for biased and subjective coverage of Patrick.
It was pointed out that despite the close attention, neither Harris nor Goodyear noticed that Patrick had taken the lead during a sequence of pit stops on lap 56. Nine laps later, as ABC returned from commercial, Harris mentioned Patrick having taken the lead for the first time. His comments were criticised as he said she "...turned the trick..." (usually a sexual reference), and that "Fifty years from now you will remember where you were when Danica Patrick made not only motorsports history, but she joined the likes of Amelia Earhart and Sally Ride in a barrier-breaking performance..." Of which Jerry Greene of the "Orlando Sentinel" wrote "I seriously doubt it, Todd." Greene also wrote that Harris "said many stupid things Sunday because of Ms. Patrick's efforts."
Richard Sandomir wrote that Harris and Goodyear faltered in three distinct instances late in the race. With 13 laps to go, they closely examined Dan Wheldon taking the lead by the nose of the car at the line repeatedly when a caution came out. It was portrayed as if they were racing back to the caution. However, such was not allowed under Indy Racing League rules. It was later observed that the caution light did not turn on until the cars were in turn 1 (well after Wheldon had completed the pass), and the attention focused at the start–finish line was misguided, misleading, and irrelevant.
Three laps later, Harris awkwardly waited ten seconds before noting that Patrick had re-taken the lead on the restart. When Wheldon took the lead for good on lap 193, Harris again hesitated, and waited 20 seconds to report the move, and another 30 seconds to report that Patrick had dropped to 4th place. Sandomir also criticized a perceived "softball" post-race interview of Patrick by Jerry Punch.
"Houston Chronicle" writer David Barron said during the pre-race show and the race's first 90 minutes, he "counted an average of one Patrick reference every five minutes, and each reference went on for some time." Others blogged that ABC was intentionally bringing attention to Patrick's looks, at the same time trying to downplay them.
With all the hoopla regarding Danica Patrick it was also seen as interesting by some that the song that was played during the closing credits of the broadcast was a song by the title "Luckiest Man Alive" by the Finn Brothers. Some felt that while jumping on the Danica hype for all it was worth this pointed to ABC never really taking the idea seriously that she might actually win. Of course there could've been another version of the closing credits with another song available if she had won but no one at ABC has ever commented on it.
At the end of the 2005 season, Todd Harris was removed from the booth, and replaced with veteran Marty Reid.


Evgeniy Belov

Evgeniy Nikolayevich Belov (; born 7 August 1990) is a cross-country skier from Russia.
Career.
He competed for Russia at the 2014 Winter Olympics in the cross-country skiing events.
In December 2016, the International Ski Federation (FIS) provisionally suspended six Russian cross-country skiers linked to doping violations during the 2014 Winter Olympics, including Evgeniy Belov. He was officially disqualified from the 2014 Winter Olympics on 1 November 2017 by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Cross-country skiing results.
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).


Vic Rauter

Victor "Vic" Rauter (born 1955) is a Canadian sportscaster for TSN, having joined the network in 1985. Rauter has anchored TSN's curling coverage for more than 25 years, providing play-by-play curling commentary for the Season of Champions on TSN, including events such as the Tim Hortons Brier, Scotties Tournament of Hearts, and the World Curling Championships.
Broadcasting career.
Before joining TSN, Rauter was a sportscaster at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation in Toronto covering the Olympic Games. He also worked for CFTR radio in Toronto as a news and sports reader before joining the Global Television Network in Toronto for four years.
Known as “the voice of curling” in Canada, Rauter currently provides play-by-play curling commentary for the Season of Champions on TSN, including events such as the Tim Hortons Brier, Scotties Tournament of Hearts, and the World Curling Championships. In addition to his curling coverage for TSN, Rauter has covered auto racing and soccer since 1986 as well as hockey, baseball, bowling, squash, volleyball, cycling, rugby, equestrian, and skiing. He was the first host for the "CFL on TSN" from 1987 to 1991.
Rauter handled curling play-by-play duties for Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium during the Vancouver 2010 Olympic Winter Games.
Rauter's best-known catch phrases are "Make the final..." with the final score at the end of a game, and "Count 'em up—1, 2, 3, 4..." [or more] after the last stone of an end scoring three or more.
Awards.
In 1999, Rauter was nominated for a Gemini Award as Canada's top sportscaster. In 2018, he was nominated for a Canadian Screen Award as Best Sports Play-by-Play Announcer.
In 2006, Rauter was inducted into the Canadian Curling Hall of Fame.


Marina Kudriavtseva

Marina Grigorevna Kudriavtseva (née Titova) (, born 1 June 1952) is a Soviet figure skating coach and former competitor. She married her coach Viktor Kudriavtsev and has one son named Anton. After her competitive career, she coached skaters Elena Sokolova, Viktoria Volchkova, and Alexander Uspenski among others.


2006 American Le Mans Series

The 2006 American Le Mans Series season was the 36th season for the IMSA GT Championship, with the eighth as the American Le Mans Series. It was a series for Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) and Grand Touring (GT) race cars divided into 4 classes: LMP1, LMP2, GT1, and GT2. It began March 18, 2006, and ended October 21, 2006 after 10 races.
Pre-season.
Among the biggest announcements prior to the start of the 2006 season was that Audi would continue their involvement in the ALMS with their new R10 TDI diesel engined LMP1 with the car making its international racing debut at the 12 Hours of Sebring in preparation for Le Mans. Audi followed up this announcement with plans for a single Audi R8 to go on a farewell tour for the first few races after Sebring, and then be replaced by two new R10 TDI after Le Mans for the rest of the ALMS season.
Fellow LMP1 competitors Dyson Racing also announced an upgrade from their troublesome Lola EX257s to brand new B06/10s with the new AER Turbo V8 engine unit. As part of their purchase, Dyson in turn sold off their EX257s. Occasional ALMS entrant Autocon Motorsports bought one chassis, while former Intersport partner Highcroft Racing bought the other, leading to an enlarged LMP1 field for 2006.
In LMP2 the teams of Miracle Motorsports, B-K Motorsports, Intersport Racing, and Penske Racing all planned to make a return to the series. Penske's initial one-car effort towards the end of 2005 was expanded to two cars for 2006, while the four other teams kept their efforts the same.
In GT1, the field appeared to be shrinking. Corvette Racing's commitment was certain, but Aston Martin Racing, now running Pirelli tires instead of Michelin, was only able to promise Sebring in the beginning, later stating they'd also run Houston and Mid-Ohio in preparation for Le Mans. Their involvement for the rest of the season was left as merely a rumor. ACEMCO Motorsports's future in ALMS was also uncertain, with the team scrounging for cash to be able to continue racing. Former GT1 team Carsport America finally folded following the 2005 season, with their Dodge Viper GTS-R greatly outdated. The involvement of Maserati in the series was also pulled due to the cancelling of the project by the corporate heads since it never reached its initial plans, and the continued restrictions put in place by IMSA.
The GT2 class was also more of the same, with returning favorites Flying Lizard Motorsports, J3 Racing, Petersen/White Lightning, Panoz Motorsports, and Alex Job, although Alex Job's effort was now brought down to a single entry due to his expanded involvement in Grand-Am. Risi Competizione, who had run the Maserati in 2005, promised to return to GT2 with Ferrari's upcoming replacement to the Ferrari 360, the new F430.
The ALMS also created a new class of competitors, known as GT2S, designed to allow racing cars based on production vehicles which had seats for four in a coupe or sedan body style. Cars of this type were now allowed by ACO rules, but IMSA agreed that these cars would not be eligible for Le Mans entry even if they won Petit Le Mans or the season championship. These cars however would be competitively equal to the GT2 class and would compete accordingly with them. The long time BMW factory supported effort of Team PTG announced their return of the BMW M3 to the series, while Lexus announced their intentions to bring a new purpose built racing car built off of the IS. Rumors also speculated that Cadillac could bring their CTS-V SpeedGT program to the series. However, come the beginning of the season, neither Lexus nor Cadillac showed, leaving the BMW M3 as the only true GT2S competitor. The GT2S notion was shelved midseason.
From the standpoint of the 2006 schedule, two major changes were made. First, to replace the earlier round at Road Atlanta held soon after Sebring, a new temporary street circuit near Houston's Reliant Park was announced in cooperation with Champ Car. The round at Infineon Raceway was replaced with Miller Motorsports Park, a new racing facility near Salt Lake City.
Schedule.
All races are 2 Hours and 45 Minutes except for Sebring (12 Hours), Petit Le Mans (10 Hours or 1000 Miles), and Laguna Seca (4 Hours).
Season results.
Overall winner in bold.
Teams championship.
Points are awarded to the top 10 finishers in the following order:
Exceptions were for the 4 Hour Monterey Sports Car Championships was scored in the following order:
And for the 12 Hours of Sebring and Petit Le Mans which award the top 10 finishers in the following order:
Cars failing to complete 70% of the winner's distance are not awarded points. Teams only score the points of their highest finishing entry in each race.
Drivers championship.
Points are awarded to the top 10 finishers in the following order:
Exceptions were for the 4 Hour Monterey Sports Car Championships was scored in the following order:
And for the 12 Hours of Sebring and the Petit Le Mans, which award the top 10 finishers in the following order:
Cars failing to complete 70% of the winner's distance are not awarded points. Drivers failing to drive for at least 45 minutes in the race are not awarded points.


Messecenter Herning

The MCH Messecenter Herning is an exhibition centre and entertainment complex in Herning, Denmark. The complex is the largest fair and exhibition center in Denmark– beating the Bella Center in Copenhagen. Located on , the complex hosts many events from trade shows, theatrical performances, sporting events, concert tours and other performances. It is one of the main attractions in Herning and draws a crowd of over 900,000 visitors per year.
History.
The exhibition centre was conceptualized by Kristian Madsen, during his speech at the 1944 "Aktieselskabet Herning-Hallen". Originally designed a tourist attraction, the first hall was erected in May 1954 and was used for the Danish Textile Fair. Due to demand, the hall was expanded in 1963 and in 1964 opened with five additional halls. That same year, the venue played host to the Workman's & Industry Fair. With an additional expansion in 1971, the venue now consisted of exhibition halls and a conference center.
Vision 2025.
President of MCH Group, Georg Sørense, presented a massive extension plan for the complex to meet further demand. It includes a highway expansion to the complex, a column-free exhibition hall, a stadium and an arena. Additionally, it will add a business park, movie theatre, drive-in movie theatre, cableway and horse racing grounds.
Venues.
The original hall for the complex and its most populated venue, the conference center hosts nearly 200 events per year. The center consists of an amphitheatre that can seat up to 1,100 guests. A concert hall mostly used for concerts, parties, exhibitions and congresses that can seat up to 2,400 guests. A congress hall that seats up to 1,800 guest and a cabaret hall for lectures and intimate concerts that seats up to 500 guests. There are four additional halls that are used for receptions and meetings. This venue also includes a restaurant, "Reater Kælderen", that features singing waiters and can seat up to 280 guests.
A part of the Vision 2025 expansion, the football stadium is home to the FC Midtjylland and can seat up to 11,800 spectators. The stadium began construction on 2 April 2003 and opened on 27 March 2004 as the MCH Stadion Herning. In August 2004, Scandinavian Airlines purchased the rights to the arena, changing its name to the SAS Arena. It became the first sponsored football stadium in Denmark's history. In 2009, the stadium's name was changed to MCH Arena Herning. The arena includes a restaurant, VIP lounge, sky boxes and a separate stand for fans.
Another venture for the Vision 2025 plan, Hall M is Denmark's largest column-free exhibition hall. The hall was opened in 2004 and has hosted the Dansk Varmblods Gallashow, badminton tournaments and business receptions. The venue is also used a concert arena, having hosted Ozzy Osbourne, Bob Dylan and Beyoncé Knowles. The venue can host up to 9,100 guests.
Added in 2009, the arena is a concert venue with a capacity of over 50,000 spectators. The arena was added in hopes of bringing music festivals to the area. It has hosted concerts by Genesis, Coldplay and Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band.
Originally known as Hedens Colosseum, the indoor arena is deemed as Denmark's first indoor multi-arena. As one of the feature of the Vision 2025 plan, the arena began construction in October 2008 and opened by 10 October 2010. Lady Gaga was the inaugural act for the venue for her 2010 Monster Ball Tour. It also host concerts by Linkin Park, Elton John and Kylie Minogue. The arena was also used for the 2010 European Women's Handball Championship. On 1 October 2010, Danish bank, Jyske Bank purchased naming rights to the arena, changing its name from "MCH MultiArena" to "Jyske Bank Boxen"


Harm City Roller Derby

The Harm City Roller Derby (HCRD) is a men's roller derby league, based in Baltimore. The league consists of four teams -- an interleague team and three intra-league teams.
Harm City Homicide was one of the first men's derby teams in the county, founded by Charm City Roller Girls referee Justice Feelgood Marshall in 2007. Harm City Homicide played the first men's full-length bout with WFTDA rules against the New York Shock Exchange in 2008.
Harm City Homicide is a founding member of the Men's Roller Derby Association (formerly the Men’s Derby Coalition). In 2010, the team participated in the first-ever official men’s roller derby season and hosted that year’s championship, taking 3rd place overall.
In 2012, the league was restructured, joining with a newly created team serving Cecil County, Maryland, the Rollin' Regulators, which had been founded in 2011 by a Harm City Homicide skater. Harm City Homicide and the Rollin' Regulators now serve as two intraleague, regional teams, with members from each team chosen for the travel team. Later that year, a new team serving Frederick, Maryland, Khaos, also joined.


Shae-Lynn Bourne

Shae-Lynn Bourne (born January 24, 1976) is a Canadian ice dancer and choreographer. In 2003, she and partner Victor Kraatz became the first North American ice dancers to win a World Championship. They competed at three Winter Olympic Games, placing 10th at the 1994 Winter Olympics, 4th at the 1998 Winter Olympics, and 4th at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
Since retiring from competitive skating, she has become a renowned choreographer, choreographing programs for Olympic champion Yuzuru Hanyu and multiple World Champions including Nathan Chen and Evgenia Medvedeva. During the 2020 ISU Skating Awards, Shae-Lynn was named Best Choreographer.
Personal life.
Bourne was born on January 24, 1976, in Chatham, Ontario. She has an older brother, Chris, a younger sister, Calea and younger brother Sean. She married her skating coach Nikolai Morozov on August 12, 2005, but the marriage was short-lived, and they divorced in July 2007. She is currently married to Bohdan Turok with whom she has a son, Kai, born in June 2012. She worked as a coach and a choreographer at the Granite Club in Toronto, then moved to the Carolina Ice Palace in Charleston, South Carolina in 2019.
Career.
Bourne began skating in 1983. Early in her career, she competed in pair skating with partner Andrew Bertleff. She stated that she enjoyed pairs "but I was dropped a lot, there were a lot of head injuries, and I finally said, 'No more, I'm not going to last much longer if I kept doing this.'"
Partnership with Kraatz.
Interested in switching to ice dancing, Bourne traveled to Boucherville, Quebec in 1991 after a coach, Paul Wirtz, suggested that she try out with Victor Kraatz. Although at first Kraatz did not see himself with Bourne, they skated together for a week and a week after she returned to Ontario he asked to form a partnership.
During their career, Bourne/Kraatz were coached at various times by Tatiana Tarasova, Natalia Dubova, Uschi Keszler, Marina Klimova and Sergei Ponomarenko, and Nikolai Morozov. For the 1997–98 season, their free dance was modeled after "Riverdance", with footwork instruction provided by Riverdance lead dancer Colin Dunne. Bourne/Kraatz became known for their deep edges and soft knees. They were credited with perfecting and popularizing the hydroblading technique.
Bourne/Kraatz missed the 2000 Four Continents and 2000 World Championships due to Bourne's knee surgery. In spring 2000, they changed coaches, moving to Tatiana Tarasova and Nikolai Morozov in Newington, Connecticut.
Bourne/Kraatz withdrew from their 2002 Grand Prix events due to Bourne's injury. They won their tenth Canadian national title and their third Four Continents title. Bourne/Kraatz went on to become the first World champions in ice dancing from North America, winning gold at the 2003 World Championships in Washington, D.C. They retired from competition at the end of the season.
On October 21, 2003, they announced the end of their partnership; while Bourne enjoyed show skating, Kraatz said he wanted "to experiment with other things and follow up on other dreams that I have". In January 2007, they were inducted into the Skate Canada Hall of Fame.
Ice shows.
Bourne has skated solo in shows and tours around the world, such as "Stars On Ice", "Champions on Ice" in North America and Japan, "Art On Ice" in Switzerland, the 2009 "Ice All Stars" and the 2010 "Festa On Ice", held in Seoul, South Korea. She has also competed on figure skating reality shows like "Battle of the Blades" (paired with former NHL star player Claude Lemieux, finished second overall) on CBC and "Thin Ice" on ABC (paired with American pair skater John Zimmerman, finished 2nd overall).
Coach and choreographer.
Bourne formerly coached Kaitlyn Weaver / Andrew Poje, and Cathy Reed / Chris Reed. She has choreographed programs for:
Show choreography
Advocacy.
Bourne has used her celebrity to speak out against child abuse. She and Kraatz skated in numerous charity shows such as "Dreams On Ice". Bourne was the honorary chairperson for the "Every Life Counts" campaign for Chatham-Kent. Bourne and Kraatz received the Canadian Governor General's Meritorious Service Crosses for speaking out about unfair judging practices.
Results.
"GP: Part of Champions Series from 1995–96 season, renamed Grand Prix series in 1998–99"


Adi Stein

Adi Stein is a retired Israeli football midfielder and a football coach. Stein had played in the Israeli First League for ASA Tel Aviv, as well as in the NCAA with the West Texas A&M Buffaloes. She had played in the Champions League with Maccabi Haifa and ASA Tel Aviv. and was a member of the Israeli national team; she made her debut in the 2007 World Cup qualifying against Wales.
Club career.
Stein started playing with the boys' team of F.C. Neve Yosef, before moving to play with Maccabi Haifa's women team at the age of 15. Stein played for Maccabi Haifa until the club had folded, winning the league and cup.
After Maccabi Haifa had folded, Stein moved to ASA Tel Aviv University, where she had played until 2012. Between 2006 and 2009, Stein attended West Texas A&M University, and played for the university's soccer team, while still playing for ASA Tel Aviv a few matches in each season. In December 2009 Stein returned to Israel and played in ASA Tel Aviv for the next four seasons, winning the Israeli championship in each season, as well as two cups. At the end of the 2012–13 season Stein retired from active football and moved to a coaching career, coaching girls' teams in Petah Tikva and Herzliya
International career.
Stein made her international debut for Israel women's national football team in 2006 against Wales and played a total of 11 matches for the national team. Stein had also played for the U-19 national team, making a total of 12 appearances and scoring one goals, between 2001 and 2005.


Rubber guard

The rubber guard (sometimes referred to as Mission Control) is a Brazilian Jiu-jitsu technique, which involves the practitioner ‘breaking down’ the opponent into the rubber guard, while maintaining a high level of control. It utilizes extensive flexibility to control the opponent with one arm and one leg. The opposite arm in turn is free to attempt submissions, sweeps or to strike the trapped head of the opponent.
Rubber guard, as well as other innovative guard moves, is attributed to Eddie Bravo who adopted it as a staple technique of his 10th Planet Jiu-Jitsu. Modern variations of the Rubber guard have been created in the gi, with the Gubber guard being used by Keenan Cornelius. This is a similar set up to the Rubber guard but involves the use of the lapel to control the opponent's posture.
Flowchart.
In the 10th Planet system, the rubber guard follows a flow pattern resembling a branching path or programmatic flowchart; containing six basic "levels" each comprising a primary option and two secondary options.


2007 Le Mans Series

The 2007 Le Mans Series was the fourth season of ACO's Le Mans Series. It was a series for Le Mans prototype and Grand Touring style cars broken into four classes: LMP1, LMP2, GT1, and GT2. It began on 15 April and ended on 10 November after six races.
Teams Championships.
Points were awarded to the top 8 finishers in the order of 10-8-6-5-4-3-2-1. Teams with multiple entries did not have their cars combined and each entry number was scored separately in the championship. Cars which failed to complete 70% of the winner's distance were not awarded points.
The top two finishers in each teams championship earned automatic entry to the 2008 24 Hours of Le Mans.
LMP1 Standings.
† - Half-points were awarded at this race due to less than five cars competing in this class.
LMP2 Standings.
† - Half-points were awarded at this race due to less than five cars competing in this class.
GT1 Standings.
† - Half-points were awarded at this race due to less than five cars competing in this class.
Drivers Championships.
Points were awarded to the top 8 finishers in the order of 10-8-6-5-4-3-2-1. Drivers who did not drive for at least 45 minutes did not receive points.
LMP1 Standings.
† - Half-points were awarded at this race due to less than five cars competing in this class.
LMP2 Standings.
† - Half-points were awarded at this race due to less than five cars competing in this class.
GT1 Standings.
† - Half-points were awarded at this race due to less than five cars competing in this class.


Alexandra Kosteniuk

Alexandra Konstantinovna Kosteniuk (; born 23 April 1984) is a Russian chess grandmaster and Women's World Chess Champion from 2008 to 2010. She was European women's champion in 2004 and a two time Russian Women's Chess Champion (in 2005 and 2016). Kosteniuk won the team gold medal playing for Russia at the Women's Chess Olympiads of 2010, 2012 and 2014, the Women's World Team Chess Championship of 2017, and the Women's European Team Chess Championships of 2007, 2009, 2011, 2015 and 2017.
Chess career.
Kosteniuk learned to play chess at the age of five after being taught by her father. She graduated in 2003 from the Russian State Academy of Physical Education in Moscow as a certified professional chess trainer.
1994.
Alexandra won the girls under 10 division of the European Youth Chess Championship.
1996.
Alexandra won the girls under 12 title at both the European Youth Championships and World Youth Chess Championships. At twelve years old she also became the Russian women's champion in rapid chess.
2001.
In 2001, at the age of 17, she reached the final of the World Women's Chess Championship and was defeated by Zhu Chen.
2001-2004.
Kosteniuk became European women's champion by winning the tournament in Dresden, Germany. Thanks to this achievement, in November 2004, she was awarded the grandmaster title, becoming the tenth woman to receive the highest title of the World Chess Federation (FIDE). Before that, she had also obtained the titles of Woman Grandmaster in 1998 and International Master in 2000.
2005.
Kosteniuk won the Russian Women's Championship.
2006-2008.
In August, she became the first Chess960 women's world champion after beating Germany's top female player Elisabeth Pähtz by 5½–2½. She defended that title successfully in 2008 by beating Kateryna Lahno However, her greatest success so far has been to win the Women's World Chess Championship 2008, beating in the final the young Chinese prodigy Hou Yifan, with a score of Later in the same year, she won the women's individual blitz event of the 2008 World Mind Sports Games in Beijing.
2010.
In the Women's World Chess Championship 2010 she was eliminated in the third round by the eventual runner-up, Ruan Lufei, and thus lost her title.
2013.
In 2013, Kosteniuk became the first woman to win the men’s Swiss Chess Championship. She also won the Swiss champion title.
2014.
In 2014, she tied for first place with Kateryna Lagno in the Women's World Rapid Championship, which was held in Khanty-Mansiysk, and took the silver medal on tiebreak, as Lagno won the direct encounter.
2015.
In 2015 Kosteniuk won the European–ACP Women's Rapid Championship in Kutaisi. In July of the same year, she lost the Swiss championship playoff to Vadim Milov, and was declared women's Swiss champion.
2016.
Kosteniuk again won the Russian Women's Championship.
2017.
In 2017 she won the European ACP Women's Blitz Championship in Monte Carlo.
2019.
In late May, Alexandra faced Ukrainian-American International Master Anna Zatonskih in the quarterfinal match of the 2019 Women's Speed Chess Championship, an online blitz and bullet competition hosted by Chess.com. Kosteniuk dominated the match and won with an overall score of 20–8. In late November, Kosteniuk won the European Women's rapid and blitz championships in Monaco. In December, she shared first place in the second leg of FIDE Women's Grand Prix 2019–20 in Monaco. In December she also achieved 2nd place in the Belt and Road World Chess Woman Summit, behind Hou Yifan.
2020.
In August 2020, Alexandra was part of the Russian team which shared the gold medal with India in the Online Chess Olympiad. She was unhappy with this result and has also tweeted regarding this issue, drawing criticism from many chess followers.
Other activities.
Kosteniuk worked as a model and also acted in the film "Bless the Woman" by Stanislav Govorukhin.
Kosteniuk is a member of the "Champions for Peace" club, a group of 54 famous elite athletes committed to serving peace in the world through sport, created by Peace and Sport, a Monaco-based international organization.
Personal life.
Born in Perm, Kosteniuk moved to Moscow in 1985. She has a younger sister named Oksana, who is a Woman FIDE Master level chess player.
Kosteniuk has dual Swiss-Russian citizenship. She married Swiss-born Diego Garces, who is of Colombian descent, at eighteen years old. On 22 April 2007 she gave birth to a daughter, Francesca Maria. Francesca was born 2½ months premature, but after an 8-week stay in the hospital made a full recovery. In 2015, Kosteniuk married Russian Grandmaster Pavel Tregubov.


Raleigh Athletic F.C.

Raleigh Athletic Football Club was an English association football club. It competed in the FA Cup from 1948 to 1955.


Gay rodeo


Jason Lezak

Jason Edward Lezak (born November 12, 1975) is an American swimming executive. He currently serves as the general manager of the Cali Condors which is part of the International Swimming League. He is a former American competition swimmer who specialized in the 50-meter and 100-meter freestyle races. Jason started swimming when he was very young, and, at the age of ten, participated in the junior Olympics. However, his interest in athletics spanned many sports – basketball, baseball, soccer, and water polo – several of which he continued to play in high school. It wasn’t until after his collegiate swimming career at the University of California, Santa Barbara that his professional rise began. His pro career lasted for nearly fifteen years, spanning four Olympic games and garnering eight Olympic medals.
Personal life.
Lezak was born in Irvine, California, the son of Linda (née Mann), a former elementary school science teacher, and David Lezak, a former leather goods salesman. He is Jewish. The name Lezak is pronounced Leh-Zhack and is Polish (short e). Lezak attended El Camino Real Elementary School (now Woodbury Elementary School) and Irvine High School, as well as the University of California, Santa Barbara. He swam for the UC Santa Barbara Gauchos swimming and diving team from 1995 to 1998. Lezak currently lives in Orange County, California with his wife Danielle and 3 kids.
Executive career.
Lezak serves as the general manager for the Cali Condors which is part of the International Swimming League. In 2019 the inaugural year of the league the Condors finished third place in the finals. As the top finishing American team, the Condors were led by high scorers Caeleb Dressel and Lilly King.
Swimming career.
Olympics.
Lezak has competed in four Olympic Games, in 2000, 2004, 2008, and 2012, and has won eight Olympic medals; two bronze, two silver, and four gold.
2000 Olympics.
Lezak earned his first long-course international swimming gold medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where he was part of the 4×100-meter medley relay in the Olympics in Sydney. He also won a silver medal in the 4×100-meter freestyle relay.
2004 Olympics.
Lezak competed in several events at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, Greece, and was a member of the 4×100-meter medley relay team that set a new world record and earned another gold medal at the games. Lezak also won a bronze medal in the 4×100-meter freestyle relay and finished fifth in the 50-meter freestyle.
2008 Olympics.
At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Lezak was the oldest male on the U.S. swim team. He anchored the U.S. 4×100-meter freestyle relay team that won the gold medal and set a new world record. At the start of the leg, Lezak trailed French anchor Alain Bernard by nearly a full body length. In the final 25 meters, with Bernard still leading by half a body length, Lezak overtook Bernard. At the time, Lezak's split of 46.06 was the fastest 100-meter freestyle split ever by nearly 0.6 seconds (at the 2019 World Championships Duncan Scott swam a 46.14 in the 4×100-meter freestyle relay to reduce that margin to 0.08 seconds). The American team's final time of 3:08:24 was just 0.08 seconds ahead of the French team's 3:08.32, making it the closest finish in the event's history. Both teams finished nearly four seconds ahead of the previous world record.
Lezak also earned his first individual Olympic medal, having tied for bronze with Brazilian swimmer César Cielo Filho in the 100-meter freestyle with a time of 47.67.
In the final race of these games Lezak anchored the U.S. 4×100-meter medley relay to a gold medal securing Michael Phelps final gold medal to break Mark Spitz record.
2012 Olympics.
Lezak qualified for his fourth Olympics at the 2012 United States Olympic Trials in Omaha, Nebraska. His sixth-place finish in the Olympic Trial finals was good enough to reach the London Games as a member of the U.S. 4×100-meter freestyle relay team. At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, Jimmy Feigen, Matt Grevers, Ricky Berens and Lezak swam for the U.S. team in the preliminaries. Nathan Adrian, Michael Phelps, Cullen Jones and Ryan Lochte swam in the finals, and together all these competitors earned a silver medal for the team's second-place finish in the finals. Lezak became the first male swimmer in Olympic history to win four medals in the same event, the 4×100-meter freestyle relay.
Short course competitions.
In short-course competitions, Lezak won five world championships: four relays including the 2002 4x100m freestyle and medley, and 2004 4x100m freestyle, and a gold in the 100-meter freestyle in 2004. Lezak has also won seven U.S. Championships, three times in the 50-meter freestyle and four in the 100-meter freestyle.
2009; Maccabiah Games.
Lezak passed up on attending the 2009 World Aquatics Championships to compete in the 18th Maccabiah Games in Israel from July 12 to 29, 2009. Lezak was given the honor of lighting the Maccabiah torch at the Opening Ceremony. At the 2009 Maccabiah Games, Lezak won gold medals in the 50-meter freestyle, 100-meter freestyle, 4×100-meter freestyle relay, and 4×100-meter medley relay.
At the 2017 Maccabiah Games, in the special 4x50m relay race between Israeli and American all-star teams, American Olympic champions Lezak, Lenny Krayzelburg (four Olympic golds), and Anthony Ervin (three Olympic golds), with masters swimmer Alex Blavatnik, swam a time of 1:48.23 and defeated Israeli Olympians Guy Barnea, Yoav Bruck, Eran Groumi, and Tal Stricker, who had a time of 1:51.25.
Personal bests.
His personal bests (long-course) are:
Accolades.
In 2003 he was inducted into the Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.


Rally obedience

Rally obedience (also known as Rally or Rally-O) is a dog sport based on obedience. It was originally devised by Charles L. "Bud" Kramer from the obedience practice of "doodling" — doing a variety of interesting warmup and freestyle exercises. The doodles were usually parts of obedience exercises that taught the skills and improved performance and accuracy.
Unlike regular obedience, instead of waiting for the judge's orders, the competitors proceed around a course of designated stations with the dog in heel position. The course consists of 10 to 20 signs that instruct the team what to do. Unlike traditional obedience, handlers are allowed to encourage their dogs during the course.
There are currently seven sanctioning bodies for Rally-O in the United States: the American Kennel Club (AKC); World Cynosport (formerly the Association of Pet Dog Trainers (APDT)); Canine Work and Games (C-Wags;)and Canines and Humans United (CHU). The United Kennel Club (UKC) added rally obedience to their program as of January 2009, and the Swedish Working Dog Club (SBK) added it in July 2011. International Canine Events (ICE) offers a Rallye Challenge title. Australian Shepherd Club of America (ASCA) also has a rally program that is available to all breeds, including mixed breeds.
In AKC Rally, which is open to AKC breeds and mixed breed dogs registered in the AKC Canine Partners program, the team starts with 100 points, and the judge deducts points for mistakes. After qualifying three times under two different judges, the dog earns a title, which appears after the dog's registered name. Each qualifying trial earned is known as a "leg."
There are four levels in AKC Rally:
Additionally, there is an optional Rally Intermediate class, with the dog on leash, but with the Advanced skills. And there are advanced titles - the Rally Advanced Excellent (RAE) title, in which the team has to qualify in both Advanced and Excellent in 10 trials, and the Rally Championship title (RACH), in which the team has to qualify in Advanced, Excellent and Master.
In World Cynosport Rally, which is open to any dog and handler, the team starts with 200 points, and the judge deducts points for mistakes and adds up to 10 bonus points that can be earned for optional exercises. There are three levels and there are additional titles for multiple qualifications at various levels, and several championship levels. World Cynosport Rally varies in some respects in the performance of some of the exercises and has some exercises, such as a retrieve, not seen in AKC rally. The most obvious difference between the two is the ability to reward the dog with food in the ring under specific conditions in World Cynosport rally.
UKC Rally follows a similar pattern as the AKC program. There are three levels of competition, three legs are required for a title, and there is an extended championship title. UKC rally is open to any dog and handler. The exercises in UKC rally vary slightly from the other organizations, mostly involving which exercises are in each level.
C-Wags and CHU are relatively new organizations that appear to be mainly in the Mid-west. It has added variations on rally courses, such as Zoom - which has no stationary signs, and requires 4 legs to title.
World Cynosport Rally has some trials in Canada, and Canada also has Canadian Association of Rally Obedience (CARO) and Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) Rally. CARO is similar in many respects to both AKC and World Cynosport Rally, with the addition of some agility elements. CKC Rally began in early 2007 and is similar to AKC Rally.
In the UK, Talking Dogs Rally (TD Rally) produced their own version which was launched in January 2010. For greater clarity, all signs have been redesigned and colour-coded: Level 1 = green, Level 2 = blue and Level 3 = yellow. Uniquely, to encourage teams (one dog and one handler) to compete against their own scores rather than against other teams, TD Rally does not designate competitors as first, second or third. Instead, teams gain Good, Outstanding and Ace rosettes for achieving scores over 170, 180 and 190 respectively (all teams start with 200 points.) Teams scoring over 181 points are included in the UK TD Rally National Rankings. As with other versions there are multiple opportunities for teams to win Titles including Puppy and Veteran. TD Rally put great emphasis on training their Judges in order to provide competitors with standardised, objective and fair judging throughout the UK.
In Italy, CSEN "Rally-Obedience" produced their version which was launched in September 2010.
In CSEN Rally-Obedience, which is open to any dog and handler, the team starts with 200 points, and the judge deducts points for mistakes. There are three levels and there are additional titles for multiple qualifications at various levels. Another there are levels for puppy, junior handler, veteran and novice. There are three types of title, gold, silver and bronze. Teams scoring over 170 points are included in the CSEN Rally National Rankings. CSEN Rally-Obedience is managed by the CSEN (sports promotion organisation officially recognised by the olympic committee CONI).
In Switzerland, Rally Obedience has existed since 2002, the last rules from 2008 are based on the work of Bud Kramer and the APDT and were updated in 2012.
In Australia, Rally Obedience was adopted by the Australian National Kennel Council in 2012. Australian Rally Obedience has 4 levels: Novice, Advanced, Excellent and Masters.
Novice is performed on lead and all other classes are performed off lead. There is also provision for Rally Obedience Champion in Australian Rally Obedience.


2006 Formula Renault 2.0 Northern European Cup

The 2006 Formula Renault 2.0 Northern European Cup was the inaugural Formula Renault 2.0 Northern European Cup season. The season began at Oschersleben on 22 April and finished on 17 September at the Salzburgring, after sixteen races.
Motopark Academy driver Filipe Albuquerque won the NEC championship title, having won four races during the season. Runner-up Chris van der Drift amassed four race wins too. His JD Motorsport team-mate Xavier Maassen completed the top three with two wins.


Henri Ruoste

Henri Ruoste (born 18 February 1982) is a Finnish dressage rider. He competed at two European Championships (in 2013 and 2019), and has qualified to compete at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
Career.
Ruoste started riding as a child following encouragement from his mother. He moved from Finland to Germany in 2001, in order to pursue a career in dressage and horse training. He went to England to study under Kyra Kyrklund in 2006, before returning back to Germany in 2011.
He made his international championship debut at the 2013 European Dressage Championships in Herning, where he finished 10th with the Finnish team and 28th individually aboard Hungarian Sport Horse Jojo AZ. Four years later, Ruoste was the reserve rider for the European Championships in Gothenburg.
In 2019, Ruoste made his return to the European Championships in Rotterdam, where he placed 15th in both individual competitions (Special and Freestyle), and 13th in the team competition. He competed aboard Danish Warmblood Rossetti, with whom he went on to qualify for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics that same year.
In 2020, Ruoste started competing aboard Belgian Warmblood Kontestro DB. Following a string of high scores, as well as 4th place achieved at the 2021 Doha CDI5* competition, Ruoste and Kontestro got officially nominated to compete at the postponed Tokyo Olympics in 2021.
Personal life.
Ruoste is married to German dressage rider Senta Kirchhoff and has a son. They run a stable in Menden.