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the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images
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THE EVOLUTION OF OLD TESTAMENT RELIGION
THE EVOLUTION OF OLD
TESTAMENT RELIGION
BY
W. E. ORCHARD, B.D.
LONDON
JAMES CLARKE & CO., 13 & 14, FLEET STREET
1908
TO
My Wife
PREFACE
The substance of this book was originally delivered as a Course of
Lectures to a week-night congregation. The Lecture form has been
retained, and this accounts for the repetition of the leading ideas,
while the practical interests of Church life account for the insistence
on the religious value and lesson. It is hoped that this, which might
be irritating to the professional student, may be helpful to the
ordinary reader who is repelled by the technicality of critical works,
and often fails to discern the devout spirit by which such works are
inspired, or to discover what religious interest is served by them.
Where everything is borrowed from other writers, and no claim to
originality is made, detailed acknowledgment would be impossible, but
the resolve to attempt some such course in place of the usual form of a
week-night service was formed in the Hebrew class-room of Westminster
College, Cambridge, while listening to the Lectures on Old Testament
Theology and Messianic Prophecy, delivered by the Rev. Professor Dr.
Skinner (now Principal), in which accurate scholarship was combined
with a deep insight into the present religious importance of these
subjects. Grateful acknowledgment is also due to the Rev. J.R. Coates,
B.A., who kindly read through the proofs and made many valuable
suggestions.
W. E. ORCHARD.
ENFIELD, _August, 1908_.
CONTENTS
LECTURE PAGE
INTRODUCTION vii
I. THE SEMITIC RACES 19
II. THE PRIMITIVE RELIGION OF THE HEBREWS 31
III. MOSAISM 55
IV. THE INFLUENCE OF CANAAN 83
V. PROPHETISM--EARLY STAGES 107
VI. THE RELIGION OF THE LITERARY PROPHETS 135
VII. THE EFFECT OF THE EXILE 169
VIII. THE WORK OF THE PRIESTS 195
IX. THE RELIGION OF THE PSALMISTS 215
X. THE RELIGION OF THE WISE 241
XI. MESSIANIC EXPECTATIONS 265
INTRODUCTION
It is a matter of common knowledge that within the last few decades a
tremendous change has come over our estimate of the value of the Old
Testament, and that this change is of the gravest importance for our
understanding of religion. But what the exact nature of the change
is, and what we are to deduce from it, is a matter of debate, for the
facts are only known to professional students and to a few others who
may have been led to interest themselves in the subject. With some,
for instance, the idea prevails that the Old Testament has been so
discredited by modern research that its religious significance is now
practically worthless. Others believe that the results arrived at are
untrue, and regard them as the outcome of wicked attacks made upon the
veracity of the Word of God by men whose scholarship is a cloak for
their sinister designs or a mask of their incapacity to comprehend its
spiritual message. There is perhaps a middle course open to some who
have found a message of God to their souls in the Old Testament, and
who, on hearing that the authorship of this book has been questioned
or the historicity of that passage assailed, are unmoved, because
they believe that it does not matter who wrote the Pentateuch or the
Psalms so long as through these documents they hear the voice of the
living Word of God. Here then is a subject on which there exists a
distressing confusion, and, moreover, a subject in which ignorance
plays no small part. Save with a few devout souls who have made a long
and continuous study of the Scriptures, it may be doubted whether there
is any widespread knowledge of the actual message of the Old Testament,
even among Christian people. There are certainly many people willing to
defend the authority of the Bible who spend very little time in reading
it. The favourite Psalms and the evangelical passages of Isaiah are
probably well known, and beyond this there is but the knowledge gained
in early days, from which stand out in the memory the personalities
of Samson and Saul, David and Goliath, and Daniel in the lion's den,
together with the impressive stories of the Flood, the destruction
of Sodom and Gomorrah, the crossing of the
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THE CONDUCT OF MIND SERIES
EDITED BY
JOSEPH JASTROW
VOCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
VOCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
ITS PROBLEMS AND METHODS
BY
H. L. HOLLINGWORTH
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF PSYCHOLOGY, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
WITH A CHAPTER ON
THE VOCATIONAL APTITUDES OF WOMEN
BY LETA STETTER HOLLINGWORTH, PH.D.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST, BELLEVUE HOSPITAL,
NEW YORK CITY
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY
NEW YORK LONDON
1922
COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY
Printed in
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Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
Transcriber's notes:
Four typographical errors have been corrected:
Page 88, "seemes" changed to "seems" (it seems such a wasteful way
to live somehow,)
Page 162, "Ellen" changed to "Ellen," ("I'm very glad you feel that way
about it, Ellen,")
Page 199, "accomodating" changed to "accommodating" (He felt his mind
accommodating to)
Page 252, "Weatherall" changed to "Weatheral" (Mr. Weatheral had some
papers)
THE LOVELY LADY
_By the same author_
A WOMAN OF GENIUS
THE ARROW MAKER
THE GREEN BOUGH
CHRIST IN ITALY
[Illustration: _"It was one thin web of rose and gold over lakes of
burnished light...."_]
THE LOVELY LADY
BY MARY AUSTIN
[Illustration: ]
_Frontispiece by Gordon Grant_
GARDEN CITY NEW YORK
DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
1913
_Copyright, 1913, by_
DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
_All rights reserved, including that of
translation into Foreign Languages,
including the Scandinavian._
To
J. AND E.
THE COMPANIONS OF THE GONDOLA
CONTENTS
PAGE
PART ONE
In which Peter meets a Dragon, and the Lovely
Lady makes her appearance. 3
PART TWO
In which Peter becomes invisible on the way to
growing rich. 37
PART THREE
In which Peter becomes a bachelor. 59
PART FOUR
In which the Lovely Lady makes a final appearance. 107
ILLUSTRATIONS
"It was one thin web of rose and gold over lakes of
burnished light...."
PART ONE
IN WHICH PETER
MEETS A DRAGON, AND
THE LOVELY LADY
MAKES HER APPEARANCE
PART ONE
IN WHICH PETER MEETS A DRAGON, AND THE
LOVELY LADY MAKES HER APPEARANCE
I
The walls of the Wonderful House rose up straight and shining, pale
greenish gold as the slant sunlight on the orchard grass under the apple
trees; the windows that sprang arching to the summer blueness let in the
scent of the cluster rose at the turn of the fence, beginning to rise
above the dusty smell of the country roads, and the evening clamour of
the birds in Bloombury wood. As it dimmed and withdrew, the shining of
the walls came out more clearly. Peter saw then that they were all of
pictures wrought flat upon the gold, and as the glow of it
increased they began to swell and stir like a wood waking. They leaned
out from the walls, looking all one way toward the increasing light and
tap-tap of the Princess' feet along the halls.
"Peter, oh, Peter!"
The tap-tapping grew sharp and nearer like the sound of a crutch on a
wooden veranda, and the voice was Ellen's.
"Oh, Peter, you are always a-reading and a-reading!"
Peter rolled off the long settle where he had been stretched and put the
book in his pocket apologetically.
"I was just going to quit," he said; "did you want anything, Ellen?"
"The picnic is coming back; I thought we could go down to the turn to
meet them. Mrs. Sibley said she would save me some things from the
luncheon."
If there was a little sting to Peter in Ellen's eagerness, it was
evidence at least, how completely he and his mother had kept her from
realizing that it was chiefly because of their not being able to afford
the well-filled basket demanded by a Bloombury picnic that they had not
accepted the invitation. Ellen had thought it was because Bet, the mare,
could not be spared all day from the ploughing nor Peter from hoeing
the garden, and her mother was too busy with the plaid gingham dress she
was making for the minister's wife, to do any baking. It meant to Ellen,
the broken fragments of the luncheon, just so much of what a picnic
should mean: the ride in the dusty morning, swings under the trees, easy
games that she could play, lemonade, pails and pails of it, pink ham
sandwiches and frosted cake; and if Ellen could have any of these, she
was having a little piece of the picnic. What it would have meant
particularly to Peter over and above a day let loose, the arching elms,
the deep fern of Bloombury wood, might have been some passages, perhaps,
which could be taken home and made over into the groundwork of new and
interesting adventures in the House from which Ellen had recalled him.
There was a
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The Riverside Biographical Series
NUMBER 4
PETER COOPER
BY
ROSSITER W. RAYMOND
=The Riverside Biographical Series=
1. ANDREW JACKSON, by W. G. BROWN.
2. JAMES B. EADS, by LOUIS HOW.
3. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, by PAUL E. MORE.
4. PETER COOPER, by R. W. RAYMOND.
5. THOMAS JEFFERSON, by H. C. MERWIN.
6. WILLIAM PENN, by GEORGE HODGES.
7. GENERAL GRANT, by WALTER ALLEN.
8. LEWIS AND CLARK, by WILLIAM R. LIGHTON.
9. JOHN MARSHALL, by JAMES B. THAYER.
10. ALEXANDER HAMILTON, by CHAS. A. CONANT.
11. WASHINGTON IRVING, by H. W. BOYNTON.
12. PAUL JONES, by HUTCHINS HAPGOOD.
13. STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS, by W. G. BROWN.
14. SAMUEL DE CHAMPLAIN, by H. D. SEDGWICK, Jr.
Each about 140 pages, 16mo, with photogravure
portrait, 65 cents, _net_; _School Edition_, each,
50 cents, _net_.
HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
BOSTON AND NEW YORK
[Illustration: (signed) Peter Cooper]
PETER COOPER
BY
ROSSITER W. RAYMOND
[Illustration]
BOSTON AND NEW YORK
HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
=The Riverside Press Cambridge=
COPYRIGHT, 1901, BY ROSSITER W. RAYMOND.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
CONTENTS
CHAP. PAGE
PREFACE vii
I. ANCESTRY 1
II. BOYHOOD AND YOUTH 10
III. BUSINESS VENTURES 16
IV. INVENTIONS 29
V. THE TOM THUMB 38
VI. MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS 52
VII. THE COOPER UNION FOR THE
ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND ART 64
VIII. NATIONAL POLITICS 96
IX. THE END 104
PREFACE
DURING the last decade of Peter Cooper's life, the writer of this
biographical sketch enjoyed some degree of intimacy with him, as
professional adviser and traveling companion, and also, incidentally, as
consulting engineer of the firm of Cooper and Hewitt, and manager of a
department in the Cooper Union. This circumstance, together with the
preference kindly expressed by Mr. Cooper's family, doubtless influenced
the selection of the writer for the honorable task of preparing this
book,--a task which was welcome as a labor of love, though the execution
of it has been hindered and impaired by the demands of other duties. The
real difficulty has been to compress within the prescribed limits a
story covering so many years and so many topics, yet not possessing
those features of dramatic action or adventure which could be treated
briefly, with picturesque effect.
Mr. Cooper's family has kindly furnished abundant material for this
work, including, besides his own published utterances, the notes of the
stenographer to whom Mr. Cooper, in the last years of his life, dictated
his "reminiscences." The use which has been made of these will be
evident to the reader. Beyond an occasional revelation of the character
of the speaker, or a side-light thrown upon the manners and conditions
of our early national life, they have not furnished valuable data; and
the study of them suggests an observation which may be heeded with
advantage in similar cases hereafter, though it comes too late to be
useful in this instance, namely, that the recollections of old people
with retentive memories, like Peter Cooper, may be invaluable, if they
are intelligently aroused and guided; but if the speakers (as in his
case) are left to their own initiative, they are too likely to furnish
superfluous accounts of events already described more accurately in
authentic contemporaneous records.
It has not been practicable to preserve, in the treatment of the
subject, a strictly chronological order. As the titles of the several
chapters indicate, the different lines of Mr. Cooper's activity have
been considered, to some extent, separately, so that their periods
overlap each other.
This sketch of Mr. Cooper's career furnishes the elements of an
analysis, which I introduce here, as a guide in the interpretation of
what is to follow.
1. The time of his birth and the prophetic anticipations of his parents
profoundly influenced his ambition to do something great for his
fellow-citizens of the republic whose life began so nearly with his own.
2. The atmosphere surrounding his youth was one of unlimited and
audacious adventure. New institutions, a virgin continent, the ardent
desire to be independent of the Old World, and a profound belief in the
destiny of America, all combined to stimulate endeavor. What Peter
Cooper said of himself as an apprentice was true of the typical young
American of his time: "I was always planning and contriving, and was
never satisfied unless I was doing something difficult--something that
had never been done before, if possible."
3. The new freedom and the vast opportunity presented in the young
republic encouraged, to a degree not paralleled before or since, that
change of occupation which, with all its drawbacks, had the
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THE YELLOW CLAW
by Sax Rohmer
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I THE LADY OF THE CIVET FURS
II MIDNIGHT--AND MR. KING
III INSPECTOR DUNBAR TAKES CHARGE
IV A WINDOW IS OPENED
V DOCTORS DIFFER
VI AT SCOTLAND YARD
VII THE MAN IN THE LIMOUSINE
VIII CABMEN TWO
IX THE MAN IN BLACK
X THE GREAT UNDERSTANDING
XI PRESENTING M. GASTON MAX
XII MR. GIANAPOLIS
XIII THE DRAFT ON PARIS
XIV EAST 18642
XV CAVE OF THE GOLDEN DRAGON
XVI HO-PIN'S CATACOMBS
XVII KAN-SUH CONCESSIONS
XVIII THE WORLD ABOVE
XIX THE LIVING DEAD
XX ABRAHAM LEVINSKY BUTTS IN
XXI THE STUDIO IN SOHO
XXII M. MAX MOUNTS CAGLIOSTRO'S STAIRCASE
XXIII RAID IN THE RUE ST.-CLAUDE
XXIV OPIUM
XXV FATE'S SHUTTLECOCK
XXVI "OUR LADY OF THE POPPIES"
XXVII GROVE OF A MILLION APES
XXVIII THE OPIUM AGENT
XXIX M. MAX OF LONDON AND M. MAX OF PARIS
XXX MAHARA
XXXI MUSK AND ROSES
XXXII BLUE BLINDS
XXXIII LOGIC VS. INTUITION
XXXIV M. MAX REPORTS PROGRESS
XXXV TRACKER TRACKED
XXXVI IN DUNBAR'S ROOM
XXXVII THE WHISTLE
XXXVIII THE SECRET TRAPS
XXXIX THE LABYRINTH
XL DAWN AT THE NORE
XLI WESTMINSTER--MIDNIGHT
THE YELLOW CLAW
I
THE LADY OF THE CIVET FURS
Henry Leroux wrote busily on. The light of the table-lamp, softened and
enriched by its mosaic shade, gave an appearance of added opulence to
the already handsome appointments of the room. The little table-clock
ticked merrily from half-past eleven to a quarter to twelve.
Into the cozy, bookish atmosphere of the novelist's study penetrated the
muffled chime of Big Ben; it chimed the three-quarters. But, with his
mind centered upon his work, Leroux wrote on ceaselessly.
An odd figure of a man was this popular novelist, with patchy and
untidy hair which lessened the otherwise striking contour of his brow.
A neglected and unpicturesque figure, in a baggy, neutral-
dressing-gown; a figure more fitted to a garret than to this spacious,
luxurious workroom, with the soft light playing upon rank after rank
of rare and costly editions, deepening the tones in the Persian carpet,
making red morocco more red, purifying the vellum and regilding the
gold of the choice bindings, caressing lovingly the busts and statuettes
surmounting the book-shelves, and twinkling upon the scantily-covered
crown of Henry Leroux. The door bell rang.
Leroux, heedless of external matters, pursued his work. But the door
bell rang again and continued to ring.
"Soames! Soames!" Leroux raised his voice irascibly, continuing to write
the while. "Where the devil are you! Can't you hear the door bell?"
Soames did not reveal himself; and to the ringing of the bell was added
the unmistakable rattling of a letter-box.
"Soames!" Leroux put down his pen and stood up. "Damn it! he's out! I
have no memory!"
He retied the girdle of his dressing-gown, which had become unfastened,
and opened the study door. Opposite, across the entrance lobby, was
the outer door; and in the light from the lobby lamp he perceived two
laughing eyes peering in under the upraised flap of the letter-box. The
ringing ceased.
"Are you VERY angry with me for interrupting you?" cried a girl's voice.
"My dear Miss Cumberly!" said Leroux without irritation; "on the
contrary--er--I am delighted to see you--or rather to hear you. There is
nobody at home, you know."...
"I DO know," replied the girl firmly, "and I know something else, also.
Father assures me that you simply STARVE yourself when Mrs. Leroux is
away! So I have brought down an omelette!"
"Omelette!" muttered Leroux, advancing toward the door; "you
have--
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[Illustration]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Illustration: ’لا]
“TO THE PURE ALL THINGS ARE PURE.”
(Puris omnia pura)
—_Arab Proverb._
“Niuna corrotta mente intese mai sanamente parole.”
—“_Decameron_”—_conclusion_.
“Erubuit, posuitque meum Lucretia librum
Sed coram Bruto. Brute! recede, leget.”
—_Martial._
“Mieulx est de ris que de larmes escripre,
Pour ce que rire est le propre des hommes.”
—RABELAIS.
“The pleasure we derive from perusing the Thousand-and-One Stories makes
us regret that we possess only a comparatively small part of these truly
enchanting fictions.”
—CRICHTON’S “_History of Arabia_.”
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Illustration]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
_A PLAIN AND LITERAL TRANSLATION OF THE ARABIAN NIGHTS ENTERTAINMENTS.
NOW ENTITULED_
_THE BOOK OF THE_
Thousand Nights and a Night
_WITH INTRODUCTION EXPLANATORY NOTES ON THE MANNERS AND CUSTOMS OF
MOSLEM MEN AND A TERMINAL ESSAY UPON THE HISTORY OF THE NIGHTS_
VOLUME VIII.
BY
RICHARD F. BURTON
[Illustration]
PRINTED BY THE BURTON CLUB FOR PRIVATE SUBSCRIBERS ONLY
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shammar Edition
Limited to one thousand numbered sets, of which this is
Number _547_
PRINTED IN U. S. A.
A MESSAGE TO
Frederick Hankey,
FORMERLY OF NO. 2, RUE LAFFITTE, PARIS.
MY DEAR FRED,
If there be such a thing as “continuation,” you
will see these lines in the far Spirit-land
and you will find that your old friend has not
forgotten you and Annie.
RICHARD F. BURTON.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONTENTS OF THE EIGHTH VOLUME.
PAGE
_a._ STORY OF PRINCE SAYF AL-MULUK AND THE PRINCESS BADI’A
AL-JAMAL (Continued) 1
(_Lane, III. 308. The Story of Seif El-Mulook and Badeea El-Jamal, with
the Introduction transferred to a note p. 372._)
HASAN OF BASSORAH 7
(_Lane, III. 335. The Story of Hasan of El-Basrah_).
KHALIFAH THE FISHERMAN OF BAGHDAD 145
(_Lane, IV. 527. The Story of Khaleefeh the Fisherman._)
NOTE. THE SAME FROM THE BRESLAU EDITION (IV. 318) 184
MASRUR AND ZAYN AL-MAWASIF 205
(_Lane, III. 573. Note._)
ALI NUR AL-DIN AND MIRIAM THE GIRDLE-GIRL 264
(_Lane omits, III. 572._)
Now when it was the Seven Hundred and Seventy-seventh Night,
She resumed, It hath reached me, O auspicious King, that when the old
Queen heard the handmaid’s words she was wroth with sore wrath because
of her and cried, “How shall there be accord between man and Jinn?” But
Sayf al-Muluk replied, “Indeed, I will conform to thy will and be thy
page and die in thy love and will keep with thee covenant and regard
none but thee: so right soon shalt thou see my truth and lack of
falsehood and the excellence of my manly dealing with thee, Inshallah!”
The old woman pondered for a full hour with brow earthwards bent; after
which she raised her head and said to him, “O thou beautiful youth, wilt
thou indeed keep compact and covenant?” He replied, “Yes, by Him who
raised the heavens and dispread the earth upon the waters, I will indeed
keep faith and troth!” Thereupon quoth she, “I will win for thee thy
wish, Inshallah! but for the present go thou into the garden and take
thy pleasure therein and eat of its fruits, that have neither like in
the world
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Project Gutenberg The Complete Writings of Charles Dudley Warner
Volume 4
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Title: The Complete Writings of Charles Dudley Warner Volume 4
Author: Charles Dudley Warner
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SIMON EICHELKATZ
THE PATRIARCH
GLOSSARY
Simon Eichelkatz
The Patriarch
Two Stories of Jewish Life
By Ulrich Frank
Translated
From the German
[Illustration: colophon]
Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication
Society of America
1907
SIMON EICHELKATZ
SEPTEMBER 9, 1900.
To-day I was called to attend an old man who lives at the Flour Market,
almost opposite the "New" Synagogue. The messenger told me I could not
possibly miss the house, because the steps leading up to the old man's
rooms were built on the outside; and this is in peculiar contrast to the
modern architecture prevailing in the city. In fact, I do not know
whether
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Daughters of the Dominion
[Illustration: NELL NURSES THE STRANGER]
=D a u g h t e r s o f t h e=
=D o m i n i o n=
A Story of the Canadian Frontier
BY
=BESSIE MARCHANT=
AUTHOR OF “SISTERS OF SILVER CREEK,” “A HEROINE OF THE SEA,”
“HOPE’S TRYST” ETC.
ILLUSTRATED BY WILLIAM RAINEY, R.I.
TORONTO
T H E M U S S O N B O O K
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Produced by Project Gutenberg Distributed Proofreaders
The Project Gutenberg EBook of In the Valley, by Harold Frederic
Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the
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In the Valley
By
Harold Frederic
Copyright 1890
Dedication.
_When, after years of preparation, the pleasant task of writing this tale
was begun, I had my chief delight in the hope that the completed book
would gratify a venerable friend, to whose inspiration my first idea of
the work was due, and that I might be allowed to place his honored name
upon this page. The ambition was at once lofty and intelligible. While he
was the foremost citizen of New York State, we of the Mohawk Valley
thought of him as peculiarly our own. Although born elsewhere, his whole
adult life was spent among us, and he led all others in his love for the
Valley, his pride in its noble history, and his broad aspirations for the
welfare and progress in wise and good ways of its people. His approval ef
this book would have been the highest honor it could possibly have won.
Long before it was finished, he had been laid in his last sleep upon the
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Produced by Chetan Jain, John B. Hare, and Christopher M.
Weimer. HTML version by Al Haines.
Markandeya Purana
Books VII and VIII.
JOURNAL
OF
THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY.
[New Series, Volume XIII]
[London, Truebner and Company]
[1881]
Scanned and edited by Christopher M. Weimer, May 2002
ART. XIII.--__Translation of the Markandeya Purana__
Books VII. VIII. By the Rev. B. HALE WORTHAM.
BOOK VII.
ONCE upon earth there lived a saintly king
Named Harischandra; pure in heart and mind,
In virtue eminent, he ruled the world,
Guarding mankind from evil. While he reigned
No famine raged, nor pain; untimely death
Ne
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[Illustration] SAMANTHA
AMONG THE BRETHREN.
BY
"JOSIAH ALLEN'S WIFE"
(MARIETTA HOLLEY).
_WITH ILLUSTRATIONS_.
1890
TO
All Women
WHO WORK, TRYING TO BRING INTO DARK LIVES
THE BRIGHTNESS AND HOPE OF A
BETTER COUNTRY,
_THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED_.
PREFACE.
Again it come to pass, in the fulness of time, that my companion, Josiah
Allen, see me walk up and take my ink stand off of the manteltry piece,
and carry it with a calm and majestick gait to the corner of the settin'
room table devoted by me to literary pursuits. And he sez to me:
"What are you goin' to tackle now, Samantha?"
And
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THE RAINBOW BOOK
_BY THE SAME AUTHOR_
LITTLEDOM CASTLE
MY SON AND I
MARGERY REDFORD
THE LOVE FAMILY
THE CHILD OF THE AIR
_All rights reserved_
[Illustration: _The Fish-King and the Dog-Fish_]
[Illustration:
The
Rainbow
Book
Tales of Fun & Fancy
By
Mrs. M. H. SPIELMANN
Illustrated by
Arthur Rackham
Hugh Thomson
Bernard Partridge
Lewis Baumer
Harry Rountree
C. Wilhelm
NEW YORK
FREDERICK WARNE AND CO.
1909]
TO
BARBARA MARY RACKHAM
WITH ALL GOOD WISHES
FOR HER FUTURE HAPPINESS
MABEL H. SPIELMANN
PREFACE
It's all very well--but you, and I, and most of us who are healthy in
mind and blithe of spirit, love to give rein to our fun and fancy, and
to mingle fun with our fancy and fancy with our fun.
The little Fairy-people are the favourite children of Fancy, and were
born into this serious world ages and ages ago to help brighten it, and
make it more graceful and dainty and prettily romantic than it was. They
found the Folk-lore people already here--grave, learned people whose
learning was all topsy-turvy, for it dealt with toads, and storms, and
diseases, and what strange things would happen if you mixed them up
together, and how the devil would flee if you did something with a herb,
and how the tempest would stop suddenly, as Terence records, if you
sprinkled a few drops of vinegar in front of it. No doubt, since then
thousands of people have sprinkled tens of thousands of gallons of good
vinegar before advancing tempests, and although tempests pay far less
attention to the liquid than the troubled waters to a pint of oil, the
sprinklers and their descendants have gone on believing with a touching
faith. It is pretty, but not practical.
But what _is_ pretty and practical too, is that all of us should
sometimes let our fancy roam, and that we should laugh as well, even
over a Fairy-story. Yet there are some serious-minded persons, very
grave and very clever, who get angry if a smile so much as creeps into a
Fairy-tale, and if our wonder should be disturbed by anything so worldly
as a laugh. A Fairy-tale, they say, should be like an old Folk-tale,
marked by sincerity and simplicity--as if humour cannot be sincere and
simple too. "The true Fairy-story is not comic." Why not? Of this we may
be sure--take all the true humourless Fairy-stories and take
"Alice"--and "Alice" with its fun and fancy will live beside them as
long as English stories are read, loved for its fancy and its fun, and
hugged and treasured for its jokes and its laughter. The one objection
is this: the "true Fairy-story" appeals to all children, young and old,
in all lands, equally, by translation; and jokes and fun are sometimes
difficult to translate. But that is on account of the shortcomings of
language, and it is hard to make young readers suffer by starving them
of fun, because the power of words is less absolute than the power of
fancy in its merrier mood.
Some people, of course, take their Fairies very seriously indeed, and
we cannot blame them, for it is a very harmless and very beautiful
mental refreshment. Some, indeed, not only believe firmly in Fairies--in
their existence and their exploits--but believe themselves to be
actually visited by the Little People. For my part, I would rather be
visited by a Fairy than by a Spook any day, or night: but when the
"sincerity" of some of us drove the Fairies out, the world was left so
blank and unimaginative, that the Spooks had to be invited in. The
admixture of faith and imagination produces strange results, while it
raises us above the commonplaceness of everyday life.
But, as I say, certain favoured people, mostly little girls, it is true,
are regularly visited by Fairies even in the broad daylight, and they
watch them at their pretty business, at their games and play (for
Fairies, you may be sure, play and laugh, however much the Folk-lorists
may frown when we are made to laugh with them). Two hundred and fifty
years ago a Cornish girl declared that she had wonderful adventures with
the Fairies--and she meant truly what she said. And it is only fifty
years since an educated lady wrote a sincere account of her doings with
Fairies and theirs with her, in an account which was reprinted in one of
the most serious of papers, and which showed that the lady, like the
uneducated Cornish girl two centuries before, was a true "fairy-seer."
Here is a part of her story:--
"I used to spend a great deal of my time alone in our garden, and I
think it must have been soon after my brother's death that I first saw
(or perhaps recollect seeing) Fairies. I happened one day to break, with
a little whip I had, the flower of a buttercup: a little while after, as
I was resting on the grass, I heard a tiny but most beautiful voice
saying, 'Buttercup, who has broken your house?' Then another voice
replied, 'That little girl that is lying close by you.' I listened in
great wonder, and looked about me, until I saw a daisy,
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[Illustration: HARPER'S
YOUNG PEOPLE
AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.]
* * * * *
VOL. I.--NO. 3. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR
CENTS.
Tuesday, November 18, 1879. Copyright, 1879, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50
per Year, in Advance.
* * * * *
[Illustration: THE TOURNAMENT.--DRAWN BY JAMES E. KELLY.]
THE TOURNAMENT.
Great rivalry arose once between James and Henry, two school-mates and
warm friends, and all on account of a pretty girl who went to the same
school. Each one wanted to walk with her, and carry her books and lunch
basket; and as Mary was a bit of a coquette, and showed no preference
for either of her admirers, each tried to be the first to meet her in
the shady winding lane that led from her house to the school. At last
they determined to decide the matter in the old knightly manner, by a
tournament. Two stout boys consented to act as chargers, and the day for
the meeting was appointed.
It was Saturday afternoon, a half-holiday, when the rivals met in the
back yard of Henry's house, armed with old brooms for lances, and with
shields made out of barrel heads. The chargers backed up against the
fence, the champions mounted and faced each other from opposite sides of
the yard. The herald with an old tin horn gave the signal for the onset.
There was a wild rush across the yard, and a terrific shock as the
champions met. James's lance struck Henry right under the chin, and
overthrew him in spite of his gallant efforts to keep his seat.
The herald at once proclaimed victory for James; and Henry, before he
was allowed to rise from the ground, was compelled to renounce all
intention of walking to school with Mary in the future.
[Begun in No. 1 of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, Nov. 4.]
THE BRAVE SWISS BOY.
_II.--A PERILOUS ADVENTURE.--(Continued.)_
[Illustration: "WALTER AIMED TWO OR THREE BLOWS AT THE CREATURE'S
BREAST."]
In this dreadful crisis, Walter pressed as hard as he could against the
rocky crag, having but one hand at liberty to defend himself against the
furious attack of the bird. It was quite impossible for him to get at
his axe, and the force with which he was assaulted caused him nearly to
let go his hold. He tried to seize the vulture's throat and strangle it;
but the bird was too active, and made all such attempts perfectly
useless. He could scarcely hope to continue such a dangerous struggle
much longer. He was becoming faint from terror, and his left hand was
fast growing benumbed with grasping the rock. He had almost resigned
himself to his fate, and expected the next moment to be dashed to pieces
on the field of ice beneath. Suddenly, however, he recollected his
pocket-knife, and a new ray of hope dawned. Giving up the attempt to
clutch at the furious bird, he drew the knife out of his pocket, and
opened it with his teeth, and aiming two or three blows at the
creature's breast, he found at last that he had been successful in
reaching some mortal part. The fluttering of the wings ceased, and the
dying bird stained the virgin snow with its blood on the ice-field
below. Walter was saved; there was no other enemy now to fear; his life
was no longer in danger; but his energies were taxed to the utmost, and
it was well for him that the terrible contest had lasted no longer.
Pale, trembling in every limb, and spattered with the vulture's blood as
well as that which trickled from the many wounds he had received, the
valiant young cragsman sank helplessly to the ground, where he lay for
some minutes, paralyzed with the terrible exertion he had gone through.
At length, however, he so far recovered himself as to be able to
continue his fatiguing and dangerous journey, and soon succeeded in
reaching the spot where he had left his jacket, shoes, and alpenstock.
Having gained a place of safety, he poured forth his thanks to God for
delivering him from such great danger, and began to bind up his wounds,
which for the first time were now paining him. When this was
accomplished in a rough and ready sort of way, he had a peep at the
trophies in his bag, whose capture had been attended with such
adventurous danger, and with the aid of his alpenstock succeeded in
getting the dead body of the old bird, which he found had been struck
right to the heart. But his knife he could
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THE LOVE THAT PREVAILED
By Frank Frankfort Moore
Author of “The Jessamy Bride,”
“I Forbid the Bans,”
“The Fatal Gift,” “The Millionaire,”
“Our Fair Daughter,” etc., etc.
Illustrated By H. B. Matthews
New York Empire Book Company Publishers
1907
[Illustration: 0001]
[Illustration: 0008]
[Illustration: 0009]
THE LOVE THAT PREVAILED
CHAPTER I
The old church ways be good enough for me,” said Miller Pendelly as
he placed on the table a capacious jug of cider, laying a friendly left
hand on the shoulder of Jake Pullsford, the carrier, as he bent across
the side of the settee with the high back.
“I ne'er could see aught that was helpful to the trade of a smith in
such biases as the Quakers, to name only one of the new-fangled sects,”
said Hal Holmes, the blacksmith, shaking his head seriously. “So I holds
with Miller.”
“Ay, that's the way too many of ye esteems a religion--' Will it
put another crown in my pocket?' says you. If't puts a crown in your
pocket, 'tis a good enough religion; if 't puts half-a-crown in your
pocket, 'tis less good; if't puts naught in your pocket, that religion is
good for naught.”
The speaker was a middle-aged man with a pair of large eyes which seemed
to vary curiously in colour, sometimes appearing to be as grey as steel,
and again of a curious green that did not suit everybody's taste
in eyes. But for that matter, Jake Pullsford, the carrier, found it
impossible to meet everybody's taste in several other ways. He had a
habit of craning forward his head close to the face of anyone to whom he
was speaking, and this movement had something of an accusing air, about
it--occasionally a menacing air--which was distinctly distasteful to
most people, particularly those who knew that they had good reason to be
accused or to be menaced.
“Jake Pullsford goes about the world calling his best friends liars
without the intent to hurt their feelings,” was the criticism passed
upon him by Miller Pendelly. Other critics were not so sure on the
subject of his intent. He had never shown himself to be very careful of
the feelings of his friends.
“The religion that puts naught in thy pocket is good for naught--that's
what you be thinking of, Hal Holmes,” he said, thrusting his head close
to the face of the smith. But the smith did not mind. The man that
spends most of his days hammering out and bending iron to his will,
usually thinks good-naturedly of one who uses words and phrases as
arguments.
“I don't gainsay thee, Jake,” he replied. “If you know what's in my
thought better than I do myself, you be welcome to the knowledge.”
“I meant not thee in special, friend,” said Jake. “What I say is that
there are too many in these days that think of religion only for what it
may bring to them in daily life--folk that make a gain of godliness.”
“And a right good thing to make a gain of, says I,” remarked the miller
with a confidential wink into the empty mug which he held--it had been
full a moment before.
“Ay, you be honest, miller: you allow that I am right and you have
courage enough to praise what the Book condemns,” said Jake.
“Look'ee here, friend,” said the miller, in his usual loud voice--the
years that he had spent in his mill had caused him to acquire a voice
whose tone could successfully compete with the creaking and clattering
of the machinery. “Look'ee here, friend Jake, 'twould be easy enough for
you or me that has done moderate well for ourselves in life, to turn up
our eyes in holy horror at the bare thought of others being godly for
what they may gain in daily life, but for myself, I would not think that
I was broaching a false doctrine if I was to say to my son, 'Young
man, be godly and thou 'll find it to bring gain to thee.' What, Jake,
would 'ee have a man make gain out of ungodliness?”
“Ay, that's a poser for him, miller: I've been thinking for that
powerful proposal ever since the converse began,” said a small man who
had sat silently smoking in a high-backed chair. He was one who had
the aspect of unobtrusiveness, and a figure that somehow suggested to
strangers an apologetic intention without the courage ever to put it
in force. His name was Richard Pritchard, and he was by profession
a water-finder--a practitioner
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SIR GAWAIN
AND THE
LADY OF LYS
Translated by
Jessie L. Weston.
Illustrated by
Morris M. Williams.
Published by
David Nutt at the
Sign of the Phoenix 1907
ARTHURIAN ROMANCES
Unrepresented in Malory's
"Morte d'Arthur"
_No. VII_
Sir Gawain and the
Lady of Lys
ARTHURIAN ROMANCES
UNREPRESENTED IN MALORY'S "MORTE D'ARTHUR"
I. SIR GAWAIN
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THOMAS CARLYLE
* * * * *
FAMOUS SCOTS SERIES
_The following Volumes are now ready_:--
THOMAS CARLYLE. By Hector C. Macpherson.
ALLAN RAMSAY. By Oliphant Smeaton.
HUGH MILLER. By W. Keith Leask.
JOHN KNOX. By A. Taylor Innes.
ROBERT BURNS. By Gabriel Setoun.
THE BALLADISTS. By John Geddie.
RICHARD CAMERON. By Professor Herkless.
SIR JAMES Y. SIMPSON. By Eve Blantyre Simpson.
THOMAS CHALMERS. By Professor W. Garden Blaikie.
JAMES BOSWELL. By W. Keith Leask.
TOBIAS SMOLLETT. By Oliphant Smeaton.
FLETCHER OF SALTOUN. By G. W. T. Omond.
THE BLACKWOOD GROUP. By Sir George Douglas.
NORMAN MACLEOD. By John Wellwood.
SIR WALTER SCOTT. By Professor Saintsbury.
KIRKCALDY OF GRANGE. By Louis A. Barbe.
ROBERT FERGUSSON. By A. B. Grosart.
JAMES THOMSON. By William Bayne.
MUNGO PARK. By T. Banks Maclachlan.
DAVID HUME. By Professor Calderwood.
* * * * *
THOMAS CARLYLE
by
HECTOR C MACPHERSON
Famous Scots Series
Published by Oliphant Anderson & Ferrier
Edinburgh and London
The designs and ornaments of this volume are by Mr Joseph Brown, and the
printing from the press of Messrs Turnbull & Spears, Edinburgh.
Second Edition completing Seventh Thousand.
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION
Of the writing of books on Carlyle there is no end. Why, then, it may
pertinently be asked, add another stone to the Carlylean cairn? The
reply is obvious. In a series dealing with famous Scotsmen, Carlyle has
a rightful claim to a niche in the temple of Fame. While prominence has
been given in the book to the Scottish side of Carlyle's life, the fact
has not been lost sight of that Carlyle owed much to Germany; indeed, if
we could imagine the spirit of a German philosopher inhabiting the body
of a Covenanter of dyspeptic and sceptical tendencies, a good idea would
be had of Thomas Carlyle. Needless to say, I have been largely indebted
to the biography by Mr Froude, and to Carlyle's _Reminiscences_. After
all has been said, the fact remains that Froude's portrait, though
truthful in the main, is somewhat deficient in light and
shade--qualities which the student will find admirably supplied in
Professor Masson's charming little book, "Carlyle Personally, and in his
Writings." To the Professor I am under deep obligation for the interest
he has shown in the book. In the course of his perusal of the proofs,
Professor Masson made valuable corrections and suggestions, which
deserve more than a formal acknowledgment. To Mr Haldane, M.P., my
thanks are also due for his suggestive criticism of the chapter on
German thought, upon which he is an acknowledged authority.
I have also to express my deep obligations to Mr John Morley, who, in
the midst of pressing engagements, kindly found time to read the proof
sheets. In a private note Mr Morley has been good enough to express his
general sympathy and concurrence with my estimate of Carlyle.
_EDINBURGH, October 1897._
CONTENTS
PAGE
CHAPTER I
EARLY LIFE 9
CHAPTER II
CRAIGENPUTTOCK--LITERARY EFFORTS 29
CHAPTER III
CARLYLE'S MENTAL DEVELOPMENT 42
CHAPTER IV
LIFE IN LONDON 65
CHAPTER V
HOLIDAY JOURNEYINGS--LITERARY WORK 79
CHAPTER VI
RECTORIAL ADDRESS--DEATH OF MRS CARLYLE 112
CHAPTER VII
LAST YEARS AND DEATH OF CARLYLE 129
CHAPTER VIII
CARLYLE AS A SOCIAL AND POLITICAL THINKER 138
CHAPTER IX
CARLYLE AS AN INSPIRATIONAL FORCE 152
THOMAS CARLYLE
CHAPTER I
EARLY LIFE
'A great man,' says Hegel, 'condemns the world to the task of explaining
him.' Emphatically does the remark apply to Thomas Carlyle. When he
began to leave his impress in literature, he was treated as a confusing
and inexplicable element. Opinion oscillated between the view of James
Mill, that Carlyle was an insane rhapsodist, and that of Jeffrey, that
he was afflicted with a chronic craze for singularity. Jeffrey's verdict
sums up pretty effectively the attitude of the critics of the time to
the new writer:--'I suppose that you will
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A SCHOOL HISTORY
OF THE
UNITED STATES
BY
JOHN BACH McMASTER
PROFESSOR OF AMERICAN HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY
OF PENNSYLVANIA
1897
PREFACE
It has long been the custom to begin the history of our country with the
discovery of the New World by Columbus. To some extent this is both wise
and necessary; but in following it in this instance the attempt has been
made to treat the colonial period as the childhood of the United States;
to have it bear the same relation to our later career that the account
of the youth of a great man should bear to that of his maturer years,
and to confine it to the narration of such events as are really
necessary to a correct understanding of what has happened since 1776.
The story, therefore, has been restricted to the discoveries,
explorations, and settlements within the United States by the English,
French, Spaniards, and Dutch; to the expulsion of the French by the
English; to the planting of the thirteen colonies on the Atlantic
seaboard; to the origin and progress of the quarrel which ended with the
rise of thirteen sovereign free and independent states, and to the
growth of such political institutions as began in colonial times. This
period once passed, the long struggle for a government followed till our
present Constitution--one of the most remarkable political instruments
ever framed by man--was adopted, and a nation founded.
Scarcely was this accomplished when the French Revolution and the rise
of Napoleon involved us in a struggle, first for our neutral rights, and
then for our commercial independence, and finally in a second war with
Great Britain. During this period of nearly five and twenty years,
commerce and agriculture flourished exceedingly, but our internal
resources were little developed. With the peace of 1815, however, the
era of industrial development comm
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Ingersoll Lectures on Immortality
IMMORTALITY AND THE NEW THEODICY. By George A. Gordon. 1896.
HUMAN IMMORTALITY. Two supposed Objections to the Doctrine. By
William James. 1897.
DIONYSOS AND IMMORTALITY: The Greek Faith in Immortality as
affected by the rise of Individualism. By Benjamin Ide Wheeler.
1898.
THE CONCEPTION OF IMMORTALITY. By Josiah Royce. 1899.
LIFE EVERLASTING. By John Fiske. 1900.
SCIENCE AND IMMORTALITY. By William Osler. 1904.
THE ENDLESS LIFE. By Samuel M. Crothers. 1905.
INDIVIDUALITY AND IMMORTALITY. By Wilhelm Ostwald. 1906.
THE HOPE OF IMMORTALITY. By Charles F. Dole. 1907.
BUDDHISM AND IMMORTALITY. By William S. Bigelow. 1908.
IS IMMORTALITY DESIRABLE? By G. Lowes Dickinson. 1909.
EGYPTIAN CONCEPTIONS OF IMMORTALITY. By George A. Reisner. 1911.
INTIMATIONS OF IMMORTALITY IN THE SONNETS OF SHAKESPEARE. By George
H. Palmer. 1912.
METEMPSYCHOSIS. By George Foot Moore. 1914.
PAGAN IDEAS OF IMMORTALITY DURING THE EARLY ROMAN EMPIRE. By
Clifford Herschel Moore. 1918.
PAGAN IDEAS OF
IMMORTALITY DURING THE
EARLY ROMAN EMPIRE
The Ingersoll Lecture, 1918
Pagan Ideas of
Immortality During the
Early Roman Empire
By
Clifford Herschel Moore, Ph.D., Litt.D.
_Professor of Latin in Harvard University_
[Illustration: colophon]
Cambridge
Harvard University Press
London: Humphrey Milford
Oxford University Press
1918
COPYRIGHT, 1918
HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS
THE INGERSOLL LECTURESHIP
_Extract from the will of Miss Caroline Haskell Ingersoll, who died in
Keene, County of Cheshire, New Hampshire, Jan. 26, 1893_
_First._ In carrying out the wishes of my late beloved father, George
Goldthwait Ingersoll, as declared by him in his last will and testament,
I give and bequeath to Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., where my
late father was graduated, and which he always held in love and honor,
the sum of Five thousand dollars ($5,000) as a fund for the
establishment of a Lectureship on a plan somewhat similar to that of the
Dudleian lecture, that is--one lecture to be delivered each year, on any
convenient day between the last day of May and the first day of
December, on this subject, “the Immortality of Man,” said lecture not to
form a part of the usual college course, nor to be delivered by any
Professor or Tutor as part of his usual routine of instruction, though
any such Professor or Tutor may be appointed to such service. The choice
of said lecturer is not to be limited to any one religious denomination,
nor to any one profession, but may be that of either clergyman or
layman, the appointment to take place at least six months before the
delivery of said lecture. The above sum to be safely invested and three
fourths of the annual interest thereof to be paid to the lecturer for
his services and the remaining fourth to be expended in the publishment
and gratuitous distribution of the lecture, a copy of which is always to
be furnished by the lecturer for such purpose. The same lecture to be
named and known as “the Ingersoll lecture on the Immortality of Man.”
PAGAN IDEAS OF IMMORTALITY DURING THE EARLY ROMAN EMPIRE
I
The invitation of the committee charged with the administration of the
Ingersoll lectureship and my own inclination have agreed in indicating
that aspect of the general subject of immortality, which I shall try to
present tonight. I shall not venture on this occasion to advance
arguments for or against belief in a life after death; my present task
is a humbler one: I propose to ask you to review with me some of the
more significant ideas concerning an existence beyond the grave, which
were current in the Greco-Roman world in the time of Jesus and during
the earlier Christian centuries, and to consider briefly the relation
of these pagan beliefs to Christian ideas on the same subject. In
dealing with a topic so vast as this in a single hour, we must select
those elements which historically showed themselves to be fundamental
and vital; but even then we cannot examine much detail. It may prove,
however, that a rapid survey of those concepts of the future life, whose
influence lasted long during the Christian centuries, and indeed has
continued to the present day, may not be without profit.
The most important single religious document from the Augustan Age is
the sixth book of Virgil’s Aeneid; for although the Aeneid was written
primarily to glorify Roman imperial aims, the sixth book gives full
expression to many philosophic and popular ideas of the other world and
of the future life, which were current among both Greeks and Romans.[1]
It therefore makes a fitting point of departure for our considerations.
In this book, as you will remember, the poet’s hero, having reached
Italian soil at last, is led down to the lower world by the Cumaean
Sybil. This descent to Hades belongs historically to that long series of
apocalyptic writings which begins with the eleventh book of the Odyssey
and closes with Dante’s Divine Comedy. Warde Fowler deserves credit for
clearly pointing out that this visit of Aeneas to the world below is the
final ordeal for him, a mystic initiation, in which he receives
“enlightenment for the toil, peril, and triumph that await him in the
accomplishment of his divine mission.” When the Trojan hero has learned
from his father’s shade the mysteries of life and death, and has been
taught the magnitude of the work which lies before him, and the great
things that are to be, he casts off the timidity which he has hitherto
shown and, strengthened by his experiences, advances to the perfect
accomplishment of his task.[2]
But we are not concerned so much with Virgil’s purpose in writing this
apocalyptic book, as with its contents and with the evidence it gives as
to the current ideas of the other world and the fate of the human soul.
What then does the poet tell us of these great matters? We can hardly do
better than to follow Aeneas and his guide on their journey. This side
of Acheron they meet the souls of those whose bodies are unburied, and
who therefore must tarry a hundred years--the maximum of human
life--before they may be ferried over the river which bounds Hades. When
Charon has set the earthly visitors across that stream, they find
themselves in a place where are gathered spirits of many kinds, who have
not yet been admitted to Tartarus or Elysium: first the souls of infants
and those who met their end by violence--men condemned to death though
innocent, suicides, those who died for love, and warriors--all of whom
must here wait until the span of life allotted them has been completed.
These spirits passed, the mortal visitors come to the walls of Tartarus,
on whose torments Aeneas is not allowed to look, for
“The feet of innocence may never pass
Into this house of sin.”
But the Sybil, herself taught by Hecate, reveals to him the eternal
punishments there inflicted for monstrous crimes. Then the visitors pass
to Elysium, where dwell the souls of those whose deserts on earth have
won for them a happy lot. Nearby in a green valley, Aeneas finds the
shade of his own father, Anchises, looking eagerly at the souls
which are waiting to be born into
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SCIENCE***
E-text prepared by Charlene Taylor, Paul Clark, and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made
available by Internet Archive/American Libraries
(http://archive.org/details/americana)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 40706-h.htm or 40706-h.zip:
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/40706/40706-h/40706-h.htm)
or
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/40706/40706-h.zip)
Images of the original pages are available through
Internet Archive/American Libraries. See
http://archive.org/details/introductiontohi00libb
Transcriber's note:
Every effort has been made to replicate this text as
faithfully as possible. Some changes have been made.
They are listed at the end of the text, apart from
some changes of puctuation in the Index.
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
Characters enclosed by curly braces are subscripts
(example: H{2}O).
Dalton's symbols for the elements have been represented
as follows:
White circle ( ) Hydrogen
Circle with vertical bar (|) Nitrogen
Circle with central dot (.) Oxygen
Black cirle (*) Carbon
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE
by
WALTER LIBBY, M.A., Ph.D.
Professor of the History of Science
in the Carnegie Institute of Technology
[Illustration]
Boston New York Chicago
Houghton Mifflin Company
The Riverside Press Cambridge
Copyright, 1917, by Walter Libby
All Rights Reserved
The Riverside Press
Cambridge. Massachusetts
U. S. A
TO MY STUDENTS OF THE LAST TWELVE YEARS IN THE CHICAGO AND
PITTSBURGH DISTRICTS THIS BOOK IS INSCRIBED IN FURTHERANCE OF THE
ENDEAVOR TO INCULCATE A DEMOCRATIC CULTURE, EVER MINDFUL OF THE
DAILY TASK, NOT ALTOGETHER IGNORANT OF THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE PAST
PREFACE
The history of science has something to offer to the humblest
intelligence. It is a means of imparting a knowledge of scientific facts
and principles to unschooled minds. At the same time it affords a simple
method of school instruction. Those who understand a business or an
institution best, as a contemporary writer on finance remarks, are those
who have made it or grown up with it, and the next best thing is to know
how it has grown up, and then watch or take part in its actual working.
Generally speaking, we know best what we know in its origins.
The history of science is an aid in scientific research. It places the
student in the current of scientific thought, and gives him a clue to
the purpose and necessity of the theories he is required to master. It
presents science as the constant pursuit of truth rather than the
formulation of truth long since revealed; it shows science as
progressive rather than fixed, dynamic rather than static, a growth to
which each may contribute. It does not paralyze the self-activity of
youth by the record of an infallible past.
It is only by teaching the sciences in their historical development that
the schools can be true to the two principles of modern education, that
the sciences should occupy the foremost place in the curriculum and that
the individual mind in its evolution should rehearse the history of
civilization.
The history of science should be given a larger place than at present in
general history; for, as Bacon said, the history of the world without a
history of learning is like a statue of Polyphemus with the eye out. The
history of science studies the past for the sake of the future. It is a
story of continuous progress. It is rich in biographical material. It
shows the sciences in their interrelations, and saves the student from
narrowness and premature specialization. It affords a unique approach to
the study of philosophy. It gives new motive to the study of foreign
languages. It gives an interest in the applications of knowledge, offers
a clue to the complex civilization of the present, and renders the mind
hospitable to new discoveries and inventions.
The history of science is hostile to the spirit of caste. It shows the
sciences rising from daily needs and occupations, formulated by
philosophy, enriching philosophy, giving rise to new industries, which
react in turn upon the sciences. The history of science reveals men of
all grades of intelligence and of all social ranks cooperating in the
cause of human progress. It is a basis of intellectual
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[Illustration: Cover]
BY CANADIAN STREAMS
BY
LAWRENCE J. BURPEE
TORONTO
THE MUSSON BOOK COMPANY LIMITED
_Entered at_
_Stationers Hall_
1909
THE RIVERS OF CANADA
Who that has travelled upon their far-spreading waters has not felt the
compelling charm of the rivers of Canada? The matchless variety of their
scenery, from the gentle grace of the Sissibou to the tempestuous
grandeur of the Fraser; the romance that clings to their shores--legends
and tales of Micmac and Iroquois, Cree, Blackfoot, and Chilcotin;
stories of peaceful Acadian villages beside the Gaspereau, and fortified
towns along the St. Lawrence; of warlike expeditions and missionary
enterprises up the Richelieu and the Saguenay; of heroic exploits at the
Long Sault and at Vercheres; of memorable explorations in the north and
the far west? How many of us realise the illimitable possibilities of
these arteries of a nation, their vital importance as avenues of
commerce and communication, the potential energy stored in their rushing
waters? Do we even appreciate their actual extent, or thoroughly grasp
the fact that this network of waterways covers half a continent, and
reaches every corner of this vast Dominion?
Two hundred years ago little was known of these rivers outside the
valley of the St. Lawrence. One hundred years later scores of new
waterways had been explored from source to outlet, some of them ranking
among the great rivers of the earth. The Western Sea, that had lured
the restless sons of New France toward the setting sun, that had
furnished a dominating impulse to her explorers, from Jacques Cartier to
La Verendrye, was at last reached by Canadians of another race--and the
road that they travelled was the water-road that connects three oceans.
In their frail canoes these tireless pathfinders journeyed up the mighty
St. Lawrence and its great tributary the Ottawa, through Lake Nipissing,
and down the French river to Georgian Bay; they skirted the shores of
the inland seas to the head of Lake Superior, and by way of numberless
portages crossed the almost indistinguishable height of land to Rainy
Lake and the beautiful Lake of the Woods. They descended the wild
Winnipeg to Lake Winnipeg, paddled up the Saskatchewan to Cumberland
House, turned north by way of Frog Portage to the Churchill, and
ascended that waterway to its source, where they climbed over Meythe
Portage--famous in the annals of exploration and the fur trade--to the
Clearwater, a branch of the Athabaska, and so came to Fort Chipewyan, on
Lake Athabaska. Descending Slave River for a few miles, they came to
the mouth of Peace River, and after many days' weary paddling were in
sight of the Rocky Mountains. Still ascending the same river, they
traversed the mountains, and by other streams were borne down the
western <DW72> to the shores of the remote Pacific.
The world offers no parallel to this extraordinary water-road from the
Atlantic to the Pacific; nor is the tale all told. From that great
central reservoir, that master-key to the whole system of water
communications, the traveller might turn his canoe in any direction, and
traverse the length and breadth of the continent to its most remote
boundaries: east to the Atlantic, west to the Pacific, north to the
Arctic or to Hudson Bay, and south to the Gulf of Mexico.
The story of Canadian rivers would fill several volumes if one attempted
to do justice to such a broad and varied theme. One may only hope, in
the few pages that follow, to give glimpses of the story; to suggest,
however inadequately, the dramatic and romantic possibilities of the
subject; to recall a few of the memories that cling to the rivers of
Canada.
CONTENTS
I. The Great River of Canada
II. The Mystic Saguenay
III. The River of Acadia
IV. The War Path of the Iroquois
V. The River of the Cataract
VI. The Highway of the Fur Trade
VII. The Red River of the North
VIII. The Mighty Mackenzie
By Canadian Streams
I
THE GREAT RIVER OF CANADA
He told them of the river whose mighty current gave
Its freshness for a hundred leagues to ocean's briny wave;
He told them of the glorious scene presented to his sight,
What time he reared the cross and crown on Hochelaga's height,
And of the fortress cliff that keeps of Canada the key,
And
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E-text prepared by Clare Graham and Marc D'Hooghe
(http://www.freeliterature.org) from page mages generously made available
by Internet Archive (https://archive.org)
Note: Images of the original pages are available through
Internet Archive. See
https://archive.org/details/aurorafloyd00bradgoog
Project Gutenberg has the other two volumes of this work.
Volume I: see http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/48020
Volume III: see http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/48022
AURORA FLOYD.
by
M. E. BRADDON,
Author of "Lady Audley's Secret."
In Three Volumes.
VOL. II.
Fifth Edition.
London:
Tinsley Brothers, 18 Catherine Steeet,
Strand.
1863.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I. "LOVE TOOK UP THE GLASS OF TIME, AND TURNED
IT IN HIS GLOWING HANDS"
II. MR. PASTERN'S LETTER
III. MR. JAMES CONYERS
IV. THE TRAINER'S MESSENGER
V. OUT IN THE RAIN
VI. MONEY MATTERS
VII. CAPTAIN PRODDER
VIII. "HE ONLY SAID, I AM A-WEARY"
IX. STILL CONSTANT
X. ON THE THRESHOLD OF DARKER MISERIES
XI. CAPTAIN PRODDER CARRIES BAD NEWS TO HIS NIECE'S HOUSE
XII. THE DEED THAT HAD BEEN DONE IN THE WOOD
CHAPTER I.
"LOVE TOOK UP THE GLASS OF TIME, AND TURNED IT IN HIS GLOWING HANDS."
Talbot Bulstrode yielded at last to John's repeated invitations, and
consented to pass a couple of days at Mellish Park.
He despised and hated himself for the absurd concession. In what a
pitiful farce had the tragedy ended! A visitor in the house of his
rival. A calm spectator of Aurora's every-day, commonplace happiness.
For the space of two days he had consented to occupy this most
preposterous position. Two days only; then back to the Cornish miners,
and the desolate bachelor's lodgings in Queen's Square, Westminster;
back to his tent in life's Great Sahara. He could not for the very
soul of him resist the temptation of beholding the inner life of that
Yorkshire mansion. He wanted to know for certain--what was it to him, I
wonder?--whether she was really happy, and had utterly forgotten him.
They all returned to the Park together, Aurora, John, Archibald Floyd,
Lucy, Talbot Bulstrode, and Captain Hunter. The last-named officer was
a jovial gentleman, with a hook nose and auburn whiskers; a gentleman
whose intellectual attainments were of no very oppressive order, but
a hearty, pleasant guest in an honest country mansion, where there is
cheer and welcome for all.
Talbot could but inwardly confess that Aurora became her new position.
How everybody loved her! What an atmosphere of happiness she created
about her wherever she went! How joyously the dogs barked and leapt
at sight of her, straining their chains in the desperate effort to
approach her! How fearlessly the thorough-bred mares and foals ran
to the paddock-gates to bid her welcome, bending down their velvet
nostrils to nestle upon her shoulder, responsive to the touch of
her caressing hand! Seeing all this, how could Talbot refrain from
remembering that this same sunlight might have shone upon that dreary
castle far away by the surging western sea? She might have been his,
this beautiful creature; but at what price? At the price of honour; at
the price of every principle of his mind, which had set up for himself
a holy and perfect standard--a pure and spotless ideal for the wife of
his choice. Forbid it, manhood! He might have weakly yielded; he might
have been happy, with the blind happiness of a lotus-eater, but not the
reasonable bliss of a Christian. Thank Heaven for the strength which
had been given to him to escape from the silken net! Thank Heaven for
the power which had been granted to him to fight the battle!
Standing by Aurora's side in one of the wide windows of Mellish Park,
looking far out over the belted lawn to the glades in which the deer
lay basking drowsily in the April sunlight, he could not repress the
thought uppermost in his mind.
"I am--very glad--to see you so happy, Mrs. Mellish."
She looked at him with frank, truthful eyes, in whose brightness there
was not one latent shadow.
"Yes," she said, "I am very, very happy
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ION
By Plato
Translated by Benjamin Jowett
INTRODUCTION.
The Ion is the shortest, or nearly the shortest, of all the writings
which bear the name of Plato, and is not authenticated by any early
external testimony. The grace and beauty of this little work supply the
only, and perhaps a sufficient, proof of its genuineness. The plan is
simple; the dramatic interest consists entirely in the contrast
between the irony of Socrates and the transparent vanity and childlike
enthusiasm of the rhapsode Ion. The theme of the Dialogue may possibly
have been suggested by the passage of Xenophon's Memorabilia in which
the rhapsodists are described by Euthydemus as'very precise about the
exact words of Homer, but very idiotic themselves.' (Compare Aristotle,
Met.)
Ion the rhapsode has just come to Athens; he has been exhibiting in
Epidaurus at the festival of Asclepius, and is intending to exhibit
at the festival of the Panathenaea. Socrates admires and envies the
rhapsode's art; for he is always well dressed and in good company--in
the company of good poets and of Homer, who is the prince of them. In
the course of conversation the admission is elicited from Ion that his
skill is restricted to Homer, and that he knows nothing of inferior
poets, such as
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by Al Haines.
Persuasion
by
Jane Austen
(1818)
Chapter 1
Sir Walter Elliot, of Kellynch Hall, in Somersetshire, was a man who,
for his own amusement, never took up any book but the Baronetage; there
he found occupation for an idle hour, and consolation in a distressed
one; there his faculties were roused into admiration and respect, by
contemplating the limited remnant of the earliest patents; there any
unwelcome sensations, arising from domestic affairs changed naturally
into pity and contempt as he turned over the almost endless creations
of the last century; and there, if every other leaf were powerless, he
could read his own history with an interest which never failed. This
was the page at which the favourite volume always opened:
"ELLIOT OF KELLYNCH HALL.
"Walter Elliot, born March 1, 1760, married, July 15, 1784, Elizabeth,
daughter of James Stevenson, Esq. of South Park, in the county of
Gloucester, by which lady (who died 1800) he has issue Elizabeth, born
June 1, 1785; Anne, born August 9, 1787; a still-born son, November 5,
1789; Mary, born November 20, 1791."
Precisely such had the paragraph originally stood from the printer's
hands; but Sir Walter had improved it by adding, for the information of
himself and his family, these words, after the date of Mary's birth--
"Married, December 16, 1810, Charles, son and heir of Charles Musgrove,
Esq. of Uppercross, in the county of Somerset," and by inserting most
accurately the day of the month on which he had lost his wife.
Then followed the history and rise of the ancient and respectable
family, in the usual terms; how it had been first settled in Cheshire;
how mentioned in Dugdale, serving the office of high sheriff,
representing a borough in three successive parliaments, exertions of
loyalty, and dignity of baronet, in the first year of Charles II, with
all the Marys and Elizabeths they had married; forming altogether two
handsome duodecimo pages, and concluding with the arms and
motto:--"Principal seat, Kellynch Hall, in the county of Somerset," and
Sir Walter's handwriting again in this finale:--
"Heir presumptive, William Walter Elliot, Esq., great grandson of the
second Sir Walter."
Vanity was the beginning and the end of Sir Walter Elliot's character;
vanity of person and of situation. He had been remarkably handsome in
his youth; and, at fifty-four, was still a very fine man. Few women
could think more of their personal appearance than he did, nor could
the valet of any new made lord be more delighted with the place he held
in society. He considered the blessing of beauty as inferior only to
the blessing of a baronetcy; and the Sir Walter Elliot, who united
these gifts, was the constant object of his warmest respect and
devotion.
His good looks and his rank had one fair claim on his attachment; since
to them he must have owed a wife of very superior character to any
thing deserved by his own. Lady Elliot had been an excellent woman,
sensible and amiable; whose judgement and conduct, if they might be
pardoned the youthful infatuation which made her Lady Elliot, had never
required indulgence afterwards.--She had humoured, or softened, or
concealed his failings, and promoted his real respectability for
seventeen years; and though not the very happiest being in the world
herself, had found enough in her duties, her friends, and her children,
to attach her to life, and make it no matter of indifference to her
when she was called on to quit them.--Three girls, the two eldest
sixteen and fourteen, was an awful legacy for a mother to bequeath, an
awful charge rather, to confide to the authority and guidance of a
conceited, silly father. She had, however, one very intimate friend, a
sensible, deserving woman, who had been brought, by strong attachment
to herself, to settle close by her, in the village of Kellynch; and on
her kindness and advice, Lady Elliot mainly relied for the best help
and maintenance of the good principles and instruction which she had
been anxiously giving her daughters.
This friend, and Sir Walter, did not marry, whatever might have been
anticipated on that head by their acquaintance. Thirteen years had
passed away since Lady Elliot's death, and they were still near
neighbours and intimate friends, and one remained a widower, the
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SINGLE LIFE;
A COMEDY,
In Three Acts,
BY
JOHN BALDWIN BUCKSTONE, ESQ.,
(MEMBER OF THE DRAMATIC AUTHORS' SOCIETY,)
AS PERFORMED AT THE
THEATRE ROYAL, HAY-MARKET.
CORRECTLY PRINTED FROM THE PROMPTER'S COPY, WITH THE
CAST OF CHARACTERS, COSTUME, SCENIC ARRANGEMENT,
SIDES OF ENTRANCE AND EXIT, AND RELATIVE
POSITIONS OF THE DRAMATIS PERSONAE.
SPLENDIDLY ILLUSTRATED WITH AN ETCHING,
BY PIERCE EGAN, THE YOUNGER, FROM A DRAWING TAKEN
DURING THE REPRESENTATION.
LONDON:
CHAPMAN AND HALL, 186, STRAND.
"NASSAU STEAM PRESS,"
W. S. JOHNSON, 6, NASSAU STREET, SOHO.
Dramatis Personae and Costume.
_First produced, Tuesday, July 23rd, 1839._
BACHELORS.
MR. JOHN NIGGLE _(A fluctuating bachelor.)_ }
Light drab coat, white waistcoat, nankeen } MR. WEBSTER.
pantaloons, white stockings, shoes, white wig }
tied in a tail, white hat }
MR. DAVID DAMPER _(A woman-hating bachelor.)_ }
Brown coat with black horn buttons, old }
fashioned dark figured silk waistcoat, black } MR. STRICKLAND.
pantaloons, hessian boots, iron-grey wig, }
broad-brimmed hat }
MR. PETER PINKEY _(A bashful bachelor.)_ }
Lavender coloured coat, white waistcoat, }
white trowsers, pink socks, pumps, pink silk } MR. BUCKSTONE.
neckerchief, pink gloves, pink watch ribbon, }
low crowned hat and cane, flaxen fashionably }
dressed wig }
MR. NARCISSUS BOSS _(A self-loving }
bachelor.)_ Fashionable chocolate-coloured }
Newmarket coat with roses in the buttonhole, }
elegantly flowered waistcoat, light drab } MR. W. LACY.
French trowsers with boots, light blue cravat }
exquisitely tied, frilled shirt, hat, and }
wristbands a la D'Orsay, and the hair dressed }
in the first style of elegance }
MR. CHARLES CHESTER _(A mysterious }
bachelor.)_ Dark frock coat, silk waistcoat, } MR. HEMMING.
light trowsers, French gaiters and shoes, }
round hat }
SPINSTERS.
MISS CAROLINE COY _(A vilified spinster.)_ }
Grey silk dress, laced shawl and white } MRS. W. CLIFFORD.
ribbons, white satin bonnet, flowers, long }
yellow gloves, white reticule }
MISS MARIA MACAW _(A man-hating spinster.)_ }
Green silk open dress, white petticoat, }
figured satin large apron, lace handkerchief, } MRS. GLOVER.
close lace cap and white ribbons, fan, and }
black rimmed spectacles }
MISS KITTY SKYLARK _(A singing spinster.)_ }
White muslin pelisse over blue, chip hat and } MRS. FITZWILLIAM.
flowers. _(2nd dress.)_ Pink satin and blond }
flounces }
MISS SARAH SNARE _(An insinuating }
spinster.)_, _1st dress._ White muslin }
petticoat, black velvet spencer, pink satin } MRS. DANSON.
high-crowned bonnet and green feathers. _(2nd }
dress.)_ Green satin and pink ribbons, black }
wig dressed in high French bows }
MISS JESSY MEADOWS _(A romantic spinster.)_ }
White muslin dress mittens. _(2nd dress in } MISS TRAVERS.
the last scene.)_ White lace over white satin }
with roses }
Time of representation, 2 hours.
EXPLANATION OF THE STAGE DIRECTIONS.
L. means first entrance, left. R. first entrance, right. S.E.L. second
entrance, left. S.E.R. second entrance, right. U.E.L. upper entrance,
left. U.E.R. upper entrance, right. C. centre, L.C. left centre. R.C.
right centre. T.E.L. third entrance, left. T.E.R. third entrance,
right. Observing you are supposed to face the audience.
ADVERTISEMENT.
"SINGLE LIFE" is intended as a companion picture to the same author's
Comedy of "MARRIED LIFE;" and as that attempted to illustrate a few of
the humours of the state matrimonial, and interest an audience without
the introduction of any lovers whatever, in going to the opposite
extreme in "SINGLE LIFE," and making his characters "_Lovers all,_" he
has been equally successful in pourtraying some of the vagaries of
courtship, and showing that the democratic region of celibacy has its
bickerings, as well as the most loyal one of "The United States."
SINGLE LIFE.
ACT I.
SCENE I.--_An apartment at MR. NIGGLE'S. A sideboard, with cupboard,
on the U.E.R. Window, with curtains, on the F.E.L. A round table, L.,
chairs, &c._
_MISS SNARE discovered seated at table, L., looking over the books,
&c._
MISS SNA. _(Reading.)_ "The Young Man's best Companion"--a very
excellent book for youth; but at Mr. Niggle's age, he ought to possess
_his_ best companion in a devoted and amiable wife; heigho! What a
treasure _I_ should be to any man that could properly understand me.
_(Takes up another book.)_ "The Epistles of Abelard and Heloise." I am
pleased to see this book on his table, it proves that he possesses a
taste for sentiment of the highest order, and can admire devotedness
and passion under the most trying circumstances. "The Newgate
Calender." Bless the man, what can induce him to have such a book as
this in his house; surely he can have no sympathy with housebreakers
and assassins? I must look to this: should I ever be the mistress
here, some of these volumes must be removed--this furniture too--very
well for a bachelor; but when he is married, a change must be made.
And those curtains, how slovenly they are put up. Ah, any one can
discover the want of a presiding female hand in a bachelor's
house--where is the neatness, the order, and the good taste that
prevails in all the arrangements, where the master of the house is a
married man. If ever I am Mrs. Niggle, down shall come those curtains,
away shall go that sideboard, off shall go those chairs, and as for
this table--let me look at its legs----_(Lifts up the cover and
examines the legs of it.)_
[_DAMPER peeps in, F.E.L._
DAM. Hollo! hollo!
MISS SNA. Oh! how you frightened me.
DAM. It's a very suspicious thing when an old maid examines a
bachelor's furniture.
MISS SNA. Good morning, Mr. Damper, I was merely observing Mr.
Niggle's table legs.
DAM. (L.) Ah! when an old maid finds herself on her own last legs,
'tis time she should observe those of other people.
MISS SNA. (L.) What a censorious man you are, Mr. Damper, you rail at
our sex as if you considered it man's natural enemy, instead of his
best friend. Is it possible that you have never loved a woman in all
your life?
DAM. I love a woman! Ugh! I look upon you all as the first great cause
of every evil.
MISS SNA. For, like most first great causes, you don't understand us.
DAM. If I don't, I have no wish to acquire any such useless knowledge.
May I ask what you want at my friend Niggle's, so early in the
morning: some conspiracy, I'll be bound. I wont allow it, Miss Snare;
if you think to inveigle him into matrimony, you'll find yourself
mistaken; he shall never marry, if I can prevent him making such a
ninny of himself.
MISS SNA. It is entirely through your interference, I have been told,
that he is in a state of celibacy; and, though the poor gentleman is
now fifty-five, yet ever since he arrived at years of discretion, he
has been sighing and pining for a wife.
DAM. He would have been a ruined man long ago, but for me; five times
have I saved him from the matrimonial precipice.
MISS SNA. How did you save him?
DAM. How? I have discovered his intention to marry, and knowing how
nervous he is upon the subject, I have always interfered in time, told
him in strong language the evils he was bringing upon his head,
brought instances of married misery so plainly before his eyes, that I
have frightened him out of his wits; and one morning, eight years ago,
he was actually dressed and on his way to church to unite himself to
some designing woman, when I luckily met him, and dragged him back
again by the collar.
MISS SNA. And he had to pay five hundred pounds damages, in an action
for breach of promise.
DAM. But he purchased independence and happiness with the money. I
have been his best friend through life; didn't I go out with him when
he was challenged by a young lady's brother, twenty years ago, because
I made him relinquish his attentions to her
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material from the Google Print project.)
_BY THE SAME AUTHOR._
=FUN WITH MAGNETISM.= A book and complete outfit for _Sixty-One
Experiments_.
=FUN WITH ELECTRICITY.= A book and complete outfit for _Sixty
Experiments_.
=FUN WITH PUZZLES.= A book and complete outfit for _Four
Hundred Puzzles_.
=FUN WITH SOAP-BUBBLES.= A book and complete outfit for _Fancy
Bubbles and Films_.
=HUSTLE-BALL.= An American game. Played by means of magic wands
and polished balls of steel.
=JINGO.= The great war game, including =JINGO JUNIOR=.
=HOW TWO BOYS MADE THEIR OWN ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.= A book
containing complete directions for making all kinds of simple
apparatus for the study of elementary electricity.
=THE STUDY OF ELEMENTARY ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM BY
EXPERIMENT.= This book is designed as a text-book for amateurs,
students, and others who wish to take up a systematic course of
simple experiments at home or in school.
_IN PREPARATION._
=THINGS A BOY SHOULD KNOW ABOUT ELECTRICITY.= This book
explains, in simple, straightforward language, many things
about electricity; things in which the American boy is
intensely interested; things he wants to know; things he should
know.
_Ask Your Toy Dealer, Stationer, or Bookseller for
our Books, Games, Puzzles, Educational
Amusements, Etc._
Thomas M. St. John, 407 West 51st St., New York.
The Study of Elementary Electricity
and Magnetism by Experiment
Containing
TWO HUNDRED EXPERIMENTS
PERFORMED WITH
SIMPLE, HOME-MADE APPARATUS
BY
THOMAS M. ST. JOHN, Met. E.
Author of "Fun With Magnetism," "Fun With Electricity," "How
Two Boys Made Their Own Electrical Apparatus," Etc.
[Illustration: Logo]
NEW YORK
THOMAS M. ST. JOHN
407 West 51st Street
1900
Copyright, 1900,
By THOMAS M. ST. JOHN.
To the Student.
This book is designed as a text-book for amateurs, students, and others
who wish to take up a systematic course of elementary electrical
experiments at home or in school.
The student is advised to begin at the beginning, to perform the
experiments in the order given, and to understand each step before
proceeding. Certain principles and explanations necessarily precede the
practical and perhaps more interesting applications of those principles.
In selecting the apparatus for the experiments in this book, the author
has kept constantly in mind the fact that the average student will not
buy the expensive pieces usually described in text-books.
The two hundred experiments given can be performed with simple,
inexpensive apparatus; in fact, the student should make at least a part
of his own apparatus.
For the benefit of those who wish to make their own apparatus, the
author has given, throughout the work, explanations that will aid
in the construction of certain pieces especially adapted to these
experiments. For those who have the author's "How Two Boys Made Their
Own Electrical Apparatus," constant references have been made to it
as the "Apparatus Book," as this contains full details for making
almost all kinds of simple apparatus needed in "The Study of Elementary
Electricity and Magnetism by Experiment."
THOMAS M. ST. JOHN.
_New York, April, 1900._
The Study of Elementary Electricity and
Magnetism by Experiment
PART I--MAGNETISM
PART II--STATIC ELECTRICITY
PART III--CURRENT ELECTRICITY
The Study of Elementary Electricity and Magnetism by Experiment.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PART I.--MAGNETISM.
PAGE.
CHAPTER I. =Iron and Steel= 3
Introduction.--Kinds of iron and steel.--Exp. 1, To
study steel.--Discussion.--Exp. 2, To find whether a
piece of hard steel can be made softer.--Annealing.--Exp.
3, To find whether a piece of annealed steel can be
hardened.--Hardening; Tempering.--Exp. 4, To test the
hardening properties of soft iron.--Discussion.
CHAPTER II. =Magnets= 7
Kinds of magnets.--Exp. 5, To study the horseshoe magnet.--Poles;
Equator.--Exp. 6, To ascertain the nature of substances attracted
by a magnet.--Magnetic Bodies; Diamagnetic Bodies.--Practical
Uses of Magnets.--Exp. 7, To study the action of magnetism
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Transcriber's Notes:
1) Mousul/Mosul, piastre/piaster, Shiraz/Sheeraz,
Itch-Meeazin/Ech-Miazin/Etchmiazin,
each used on numerous occasions;
2) Arnaouts/Arnaoots, Dr. Beagrie/Dr. Beagry,
Beirout/Bayrout/Beyraut(x2), Saltett/Sallett,
Shanakirke/Shammakirke, Trebizond/Trebisand - once each.
All left as in original text.
3) M^R = a superscripted "R".
* * * * *
JOURNAL
OF A
RESIDENCE
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[Illustration: HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE]
* * * * *
VOL. III.--NO. 141. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR
CENTS.
Tuesday, July 11, 1882. Copyright, 1882, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50 per
Year, in Advance.
* * * * *
[Illustration: SEARCHING FOR THE BURGLAR.]
MR. STUBBS'S BROTHER.[1]
[1] Begun in No. 127, HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE.
BY JAMES OTIS.
CHAPTER XV.
STEALING DUCKS.
Toby coaxed and scolded, and scolded and coaxed, but all to no purpose.
The monkey would clamber down over the end of the tent as if he were
about to allow himself to be made a prisoner, and then, just as Toby
would make ready to catch the rope, he would spring upon the ridge-pole
again, chattering with joy at the disappointment he had caused.
The visitors fairly roared with delight, and even the proprietors, whose
borrowed property was being destroyed, could not help laughing at times,
although there was not one of them who would not have enjoyed punishing
Mr. Stubbs's brother very severely.
"He'll break the whole show up if we don't get him off," said Bob, as
the monkey tore a larger hole than he had yet made, and the crowd
encouraged him in his mischievous work by their wild cheers.
"I know it; but how can we get him down?" asked Toby, in perplexity,
knowing that it would not be safe for any one of them to climb upon the
decayed canvas, even if there were a chance that the monkey would allow
himself to be caught after his pursuer got there.
"Get a long pole, an' scrape him off," suggested Joe; but Toby shook his
head, for he knew that to "scrape" a monkey from such a place would be
an impossibility.
Bob had an idea that if he had a rope long enough to make a lasso, he
could get it around the animal's neck and pull him down; but just as he
set out to find the rope, Mr. Stubbs's brother settled the matter
himself.
He had torn one hole fully five inches long, and commenced on another a
short distance from the first, when the thin fabric gave way, the two
rents were made one, and down came Mr. Monkey, only saved from falling
to the ground by his chin catching on the edges of the cloth.
There he hung, his little round head just showing above the canvas, with
a bewildered and at the same time discouraged look on his face.
Toby knew that it would be but a moment before the monkey would get his
paws out from under the canvas, and thus extricate himself from his
uncomfortable position. Running quickly inside the tent, he seized Mr.
Stubbs's brother by his long tail, pulling him completely through, and
the mischievous pet was again a prisoner.
It was a great disappointment to the boys on the outside when this
portion of the circus was hidden from view; but it was equally as great
a relief to the partners that the destruction of their tent was at last
averted.
After the excitement had nearly subsided, and Toby was reading his pet a
lesson on the sin of destructiveness, Reddy arrived with the materials
for making his circus poster--a sheet of brown paper, a bottle of ink,
and a brush made by chewing the end of a pine stick.
He began his work at once. It was a long task, but was at last
accomplished, and when the partners went to their respective homes that
night, the following placard adorned one side of the tent:
[Illustration]
On arriving at the house, Toby secured Mr. Stubbs's brother so that he
could not liberate himself, after which he ran into the house to inquire
for Abner.
The news this time was more encouraging, for the sick boy had awakened
thoroughly refreshed after his long sleep, and had asked how the work on
the tent was getting on. Aunt Olive thought Toby could see him, and
after promising that he would not remain very long, or allow Abner to
talk much, he went upstairs.
The crippled boy was lying in the bed bolstered up with pillows, looking
out of the window that commanded a view of the tent, and evidently
puzzled to know whether the large sheet of brown paper which he saw on
one side was there as an ornament, or to serve some useful purpose.
Toby explained to him that it was the poster Reddy had made, and then
told him all that had been done that day toward getting ready for the
great exhibition which was to dazzle the good people of Guilford, as
well as to bring in a rich reward, in the way of money, to the managers.
Abner was so interested in the matter, and seemed so bright and cheerful
when he was talking about it, that Toby's fears regarding
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Transcriber's Notes: Variations in spelling and hyphenation have been
left as in the original. No typographical corrections have been made.
Words in italics in the original are surrounded by _underscores_. Words
in bold in the original are surrounded by =equal signs=. The words
"manoeuvres," "phoebe", and "phoebes" use an oe ligature in the
original.
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Books by Mr. Torrey. |
| |
| |
| BIRDS IN THE BUSH. 16mo, $1.25. |
| A RAMBLER'S LEASE. 16mo, $1.25. |
| |
| |
| HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO. |
| BOSTON AND NEW YORK. |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
A RAMBLER'S LEASE
BY
BRADFORD TORREY
I have known many laboring men that have got good estates in
this valley.--BUNYAN
Sunbeams, shadows, butterflies, and birds.--WORDSWORTH
BOSTON AND NEW YORK
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY
The Riverside Press, Cambridge
1892
Copyright, 1889,
BY BRADFORD TORREY.
_All rights reserved._
_The Riverside Press, Cambridge, Mass., U. S. A._
Electrotyped and Printed by H. O. Houghton & Co.
PREFATORY NOTE.
The writer of this little book has found so much pleasure in other men's
woods and fields that he has come to look upon himself as in some sort
the owner of them. Their lawful possessors will not begrudge him this
feeling, he believes, nor take it amiss if he assumes, even in this
public way, to hold _a rambler's lease_ of their property. Should it
please them to do so, they may accept the papers herein contained as a
kind of return, the best he knows how to offer, for the many favors,
alike unproffered and unasked, which he has received at their hands. His
private opinion is that the world belongs to those who enjoy it; and
taking this view of the matter, he cannot help thinking that some of
his more prosperous neighbors would do well, in legal phrase, to perfect
their titles. He would gladly be of service to them in this regard.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
MY REAL ESTATE 1
A WOODLAND INTIMATE 22
AN OLD ROAD 45
CONFESSIONS OF A BIRD'S-NEST HUNTER 70
A GREEN MOUNTAIN CORN-FIELD 99
BEHIND THE EYE 114
A NOVEMBER CHRONICLE 121
NEW ENGLAND WINTER 140
A MOUNTAIN-SIDE RAMBLE 164
A PITCH-PINE MEDITATION 182
ESOTERIC PERIPATETICISM 189
BUTTERFLY PSYCHOLOGY 206
BASHFUL DRUMMERS 214
A RAMBLER'S LEASE.
MY REAL ESTATE.
Yet some did think that he had little business here.--WORDSWORTH.
Every autumn the town of W---- sends me a tax-bill, a kindly remembrance
for which I never fail of feeling grateful. It is pleasant to know that
after all these years there still remains one man in the old town who
cherishes my memory,--though it be only "this publican." Besides, to
speak frankly, there is a measure of satisfaction in being reminded now
and then of my dignity as a landed proprietor. One may be never so rich
in stocks and bonds, government consols and what not, but, acceptable as
such "securities" are, they are after all not quite the same as a
section of the solid globe itself. True, this species of what we may
call astronomic or planetary property will sometimes prove
comparatively unremunerative. Here in New England (I know not what may
be true elsewhere) there is a class of people whom it is common to hear
gossiped about compassionately as "land poor." But, however scanty the
income to be derived from it, a landed investment is at least
substantial. It will never fail its possessor entirely. If it starve
him, it will offer him a grave. It has the prime quality of permanence.
At the very worst, it will last
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MARRIED LIFE:
ITS SHADOWS AND SUNSHINE
BY
T. S. ARTHUR.
PHILADELPHIA:
1852.
PREFACE.
THE highest, purest, best and holiest relation in life is that of
marriage, which ought never to be regarded as a mere civil contract,
entered into from worldly ends, but
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generously made available by Internet Archive/American Libraries
(http://archive.org/details/americana)
Note: Images of the original pages are available through
Internet Archive/American Libraries. See
http://archive.org/details/howtocatalogueli00wheaiala
Transcriber's note:
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
Gesperrt, or widely spaced, letters occur in the tables
of catalog entries and are enclosed by tilde characters
(example: ~Le Breton~). In this e-book, the gesperrt text
is also in small capitals.
Backward-facing C is indicated by <C.
The examples of chronograms contain combinations of small
and regular capital letters. The small capitals have been
changed to lower case, while the regular capitals remain
in upper case.
Greek letters appearing in the original have been
transliterated and are indicated by [Greek: ]. Three of
the Greek numerals do not have corresponding letters. The
words "stigma" (for 6), "qoppa" (for 90), and "sampi"
(for 900), enclosed in [], have been used for these. The
table in the original does not include upper case characters
for stigma and sampi. The numerical accents are indicated
by'for the upper and, for the lower.
[Decoration]
The Book-Lover's Library.
Edited by
Henry B. Wheatley, F.S.A.
HOW TO CATALOGUE A LIBRARY
by
Henry B. Wheatley, F.S.A.
Author of "How to Form a Library," "The Dedication of Books,"
etc., etc.
[Decoration]
London
Elliot Stock, 62 Paternoster Row
1889
PREFACE.
_Those who are interested in library work are constantly asked where a
statement of the first principles of cataloguing may be found, and the
question is one which it is not easy to answer. Most of the rules which
have been printed are intended for large public libraries, and are
necessarily laid down on a scale which unfits them for use in the making
of a small catalogue. I have divided out the subject on a plan which I
hope will commend itself to my readers, and, after discussing the most
notable codes, I have concluded with a selection of such rules as I
trust will be found useful by those who are employed in making
catalogues of ordinary libraries.
Here I must express the hope that my readers will excuse the frequent
use of the personal pronoun. If the use of "I" could have been avoided,
I would gladly have avoided it; but as the main point of the book is the
discussion of principles and theories, it seemed to me that such value
as the book may possess would be entirely destroyed if I did not give my
own opinions, founded upon a somewhat long experience.
In dealing with a subject such as this, I cannot hope to convince all
my readers, but I trust that those who disagree with my arguments will
be willing to allow them some force.
The compilation has been attended with constant feelings of regret in
my own mind, for almost every page has brought up before me the memory
of two men with whom I have at different times discussed most of the
points here raised,--two men alike in their unselfish devotion to the
cause of Bibliography. Mr. Henry Bradshaw's work was more widely known,
but Mr. Benjamin R. Wheatley's labours were scarcely less valued in the
smaller circle where they were known, and both brought to bear upon a
most difficult subject the whole force of their thoroughly practical
minds. I have learned much from both, and I have felt a constant wish to
consult them during the preparation of these pages.
All those who prepared the British Museum rules are gone from us; but
happily cataloguers can still boast of Mr. Cutter of Boston, one of the
foremost of our craft. Mr. Cutter has prepared a most remarkable code of
rules, and has not only laid down the law, but has also fearlessly given
the reasons for his faith, and these reasons form a body of sound
opinion. May he long live to do honour to Bibliography, a cause which
knows no nationality._
H. B. W.
_October, 1889._
CONTENTS.
CHAP. PAGE
I. INTRODUCTION.
What is a Catalogue?--Vulgar Errors--A Good Cataloguer
attempts to put himself in the Seeker's Place--Judicious
Shortening of Titles--Difference between Cataloguing
and Bibliography-making--A Universal Catalogue--Printing
of the British Museum Catalogue--Different Classes of
Catalogues--Classified and Alphabetical--Catalogue
Raisonne--Index Catalogues--Mr. Bradshaw's View--Need of
Care--No Jumping to Conclusions--Different Styles of
Catalogues--Purton Cooper's Sale Catalogues 1
II. BATTLE OF THE RULES.
British Museum Foremost in the Race--Printed Catalogues
of the Museum--Panizzi's Fight--Evidence before the Royal
Commission--Payne Collier's Defeat--The Museum Rules--
Jewett's Rules--Cambridge University Library Rules--Library
Association Rules adopted by Bodley's Librarian--Cutter's
Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue--Triumph of the Museum 25
III. PRINT _versus_ MANUSCRIPT.
Panizzi's Objection to Print--Parry in Favour of Print--
The British Museum again Foremost in the Race, this time
in Printing, thanks to Mr. Bond--Mr. Cutter on the Advantages
and Disadvantages of Printing--How to keep a Printed
Catalogue up to Date--Card Catalogues--Stereotyping--Henry
Stevens's
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UNIFORM WITH
JOHN DOUGH AND THE CHERUB
THE LAND OF OZ
BY L. FRANK BAUM
_Elaborately illustrated--in colors_
_and black-and-white by_
_JOHN R. NEILL_
John Dough and the Cherub
_by_
L. Frank Baum
AUTHOR OF
THE WIZARD OF OZ
THE LAND OF OZ
THE WOGGLE-BUG BOOK
FATHER GOOSE
QUEEN ZIXI OF IX
THE ENCHANTED ISLAND OF YEW, ETC.
[Illustration]
ILLUSTRATED BY
John R. Neill
CHICAGO
THE REILLY & BRITTON COMPANY
PUBLISHERS
[Illustration]
COPYRIGHT, 1906, BY
L. FRANK BAUM
All Rights
Reserved
[Illustration]
To my young friend
John Randolph Reilly
this book is
affectionately dedicated
L.F.B
[Illustration]
[Illustration]
LIST OF CHAPTERS
THE GREAT ELIXIR 9
THE TWO FLASKS 11
THE GINGERBREAD MAN 27
JOHN DOUGH BEGINS HIS ADVENTURES 41
CHICK, THE CHERUB 59
THE FREAKS OF PHREEX 104
THE LADY EXECUTIONER 121
THE PALACE OF ROMANCE 140
THE SILVER PIG 159
PITTYPAT AND THE MIFKETS 166
THE ISLAND PRINCESS 185
PARA BRUIN, THE RUBBER BEAR 206
BLACK OOBOO 220
UNDER LAND AND WATER 238
THE FAIRY BEAVERS 252
THE FLIGHT OF THE FLAMINGOES 273
SPORT OF PIRATE ISLAND 284
HILAND AND LOLAND 294
KING DOUGH AND HIS COURT 308
[Illustration: BOY OR GIRL?]
The Great Elixir
Over the door appeared a weather-worn sign that read: "JULES GROGRANDE,
BAKER." In one of the windows, painted upon a sheet of cardboard, was
another sign: "Home-made Bread by the Best Modern Machinery." There was
a third sign in the window beyond the doorway, and this was marked upon
a bit of wrapping-paper, and said: "Fresh Gingerbread Every Day."
When you opened the door, the top of it struck a brass bell suspended
from the ceiling and made it tinkle merrily. Hearing the sound, Madame
Leontine Grogrande would come from her little room back of the shop and
stand behind the counter and ask you what you would like to purchase.
Madame Leontine--or Madame Tina, as the children called her--was quite
short and quite fat; and she had a round, pleasant face that was good
to look upon. She moved somewhat slowly, for the rheumatism troubled
her more or less; but no one minded if Madame was a bit slow in tying
up her parcels. For surely no cakes or buns in all the town were so
delicious or fresh as those she sold, and she had a way of giving the
biggest cakes to the smallest girls and boys who came into her shop,
that proved she was fond of children and had a generous heart.
People loved to come to the Grogrande Bakery. When one opened the
door an exquisite fragrance of newly baked bread and cakes greeted
the nostrils; and, if you were not hungry when you entered, you were
sure to become so when you examined and smelled the delicious pies
and doughnuts and gingerbread and buns with which the shelves and
show-cases were stocked. There were trays of French candies, too; and
because all the goods were fresh and wholesome the bakery was well
patronized and did a thriving business.
The reason no one saw Monsieur Jules in the shop was because his time
was always occupied in the bakery in the rear--a long, low room filled
with ovens and tables covered with pots and pans and dishes (which the
skillful baker used for mixing and stirring) and long shelves bearing
sugars and spices and baking-powders and sweet-smelling extracts that
made his wares taste so sweet and agreeable.
[Illustration: AN ARAB DASHED INTO THE ROOM.]
The bake-room was
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Libraries)
[Illustration: “‘Lord, these are the lambs of thy flock.’”]
Jessica’s First Prayer
Jessica’s Mother
Hesba Stretton
New York
H. M. Caldwell Co.
Publishers
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
The Coffee-Stall and its Keeper PAGE 5
CHAPTER II.
Jessica’s Temptation 15
CHAPTER III.
An Old Friend in a New Dress 23
CHAPTER IV.
Peeps into Fairy-land 35
CHAPTER V.
A New World Opens 44
CHAPTER VI.
The First Prayer 50
CHAPTER VII.
Hard Questions 54
CHAPTER VIII.
An Unexpected Visitor 60
CHAPTER IX.
Jessica’s First Prayer Answered 69
CHAPTER X.
The Shadow of Death 82
Jessica’s First Prayer.
CHAPTER I.
THE COFFEE-STALL AND ITS KEEPER.
In a screened and secluded corner of one of the many railway-bridges
which span the streets of London there could be seen, a few years
ago, from five o’clock every morning until half-past eight, a tidily
set out coffee-stall, consisting of a trestle and board, upon which
stood two large tin cans with a small fire of charcoal burning under
each, so as to keep the coffee boiling during the early hours of the
morning when the work-people were thronging into the city on their
way to their daily toil. The coffee-stall was a favorite one, for
besides being under shelter, which was of great consequence upon rainy
mornings, it was also in so private a niche that the customers taking
their out-of-door breakfast were not too much exposed to notice; and,
moreover, the coffee-stall keeper was a quiet man, who cared only
to serve the busy workmen without hindering them by any gossip. He
was a tall, spare, elderly man, with a singularly solemn face and a
manner which was grave and secret. Nobody knew either his name or
dwelling-place; unless it might be the policeman who strode past the
coffee-stall every half-hour and nodded familiarly to the solemn man
behind it. There were very few who cared to make any inquiries about
him; but those who did could only discover that he kept the furniture
of his stall at a neighboring coffee-house, whither he wheeled his
trestle and board and crockery every day not later than half-past
eight in the morning; after which he was wont to glide away with a
soft footstep and a mysterious and fugitive air, with many backward
and sidelong glances, as if he dreaded observation, until he was lost
among the crowds which thronged the streets. No one had ever had the
persevering curiosity to track him all the way to his house, or to find
out his other means of gaining a livelihood; but in general his stall
was surrounded by customers, whom he served with silent seriousness,
and who did not grudge to pay him his charge for the refreshing coffee
he supplied to them.
For several years the crowd of work-people had paused by the
coffee-stall under the railway-arch, when one morning, in a partial
lull of his business, the owner became suddenly aware of a pair of very
bright dark eyes being fastened upon him and the slices of bread and
butter on his board, with a gaze as hungry as that of a mouse which has
been driven by famine into a trap. A thin and meagre face belonged to
the eyes, which was half hidden by a mass of matted hair hanging over
the forehead and down the neck--the only covering which the head or
neck had; for a tattered frock, scarcely fastened together with broken
strings, was slipping down over the shivering shoulders of the little
girl. Stooping down to a basket behind his stall, he caught sight of
two bare little feet curling up from the damp pavement, as the child
lifted up first one and then other and laid them one over another to
gain a momentary feeling of warmth. Whoever the wretched child was, she
did not speak; only at every steaming cupful which he poured out of his
can her dark eyes gleamed hungrily, and he could hear her smack her
thin lips as if in fancy she was tasting the warm and fragrant coffee.
“Oh, come now,” he said at last, when only one boy was left taking his
breakfast leisurely, and he leaned over his stall to speak in a low and
quiet tone, “why don’t you go away, little girl? Come, come; you’re
staying too long, you know.”
“I’m just going, sir,” she answered, shrugging her small shoulders to
draw her frock up higher about her neck; “only it’s raining cats and
dogs outside; and mother’s been away all night, and she took the key
with her; and it’s so nice to smell the coffee; and the police has left
off worriting me while I’ve been here. He thinks I’m a customer taking
my breakfast.” And the child laughed a shrill laugh of mockery at
herself and the policeman.
“You’ve had no breakfast, I suppose
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Transcriber's Note
Footnote 194: Missing reference page number.
Footnotes have been placed at end of their respective chapter.
Obvious punctuation and spelling errors have been repaired.
A STUDY OF ARMY CAMP LIFE DURING AMERICAN REVOLUTION
BY
MARY HAZEL SNUFF
B. S. North-Western College, 1917.
THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the
Degree of
MASTER OF ARTS
IN HISTORY
IN
THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
1918
[Illustration]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION 1
Chapter I
HOUSING CONDITIONS 4
Chapter II
FOOD AND CLOTHING 15
Chapter III
HEALTH AND SANITATION 27
Chapter IV
RECREATION IN CAMP 37
Chapter V
RELIGION IN THE CAMP 46
Chapter VI
CAMP DUTIES AND DISCIPLINE 54
BIBLIOGRAPHY 64
INTRODUCTION
The object of this study is to produce a picture of the private soldier
of the American Revolution as he lived, ate, was punished, played,
and worshiped in the army camp. Drawing that picture not only from
the standpoint of the continental congress, the body which made the
rules and regulations for governing the army, or from the officer's
view point as they issued orders from headquarters rather just a
study of the soldier himself in the camp conditions and his reaction
to them. It was easy for congress to determine the rations or for
the commander-in-chief to issue orders about housing conditions and
sanitation, but the opportunities for obeying those orders were not
always the best. It is just that fact, not what was intended, but what
happened, that is to be discussed.
The soldier in camp is an aspect of the Revolutionary War which has
been taken up only in a very general way by writers of that period of
history, except perhaps the conditions at Valley Forge, for at least
their terrible side is quite generally known. Charles Knowles Bolton
has studied the private soldier under Washington[1], but has emphasized
other phases of the soldier's life than those taken up in this study.
The material has been gathered mostly from letters, journals, orderly
books, and diaries of the officers and privates, written while in camp.
The difficulty confronted has been to get the diaries of the private
soldier. They have either not been published or if they have been
published they have been edited in such a way as to make them useless
for a study of social conditions in camp, the emphasis having been
placed on the military operations and tactics rather than the every day
incidents in the soldier's life.
The soldier has been studied after he went into camp. Little has been
said about the conditions which led to the war or the conditions as
they were before the struggle began except as they are used to explain
existing facts. It has been the plan in most of the chapters to give a
brief resume of the plans made by congress or the commander-in-chief
for the working out of that particular part of the organization, then
to describe the conditions as they really were.
There has been no attempt made, for it would be an almost impossible
task, to give a picture of the life in all the camps but rather the
more representative phases have been described or conditions in general
have been discussed.
The first phase of camp life considered is that of the housing
conditions, the difficulties encountered, the description of the huts,
the method of construction, and the furnishing. This is followed in the
second chapter with a study of the food and clothing, the supply and
scarcity of those necessities. The third chapter will have to do with
the health and sanitation of the soldier while encamped, the hospital
system, the number sick, the diseases most prevalent and the means
of prevention. The soldier's leisure time will be the subject of the
fourth chapter, the sort of recreation he had been in the habit of at
home and the ways he found of amusing himself in camp conditions. The
soldier's religion forms the subject matter of the fifth chapter, the
influence of the minister before the war, his place in the army, the
religious exercises in camp and their effect upon the individual and
the war in general. The last chapter will in a way be a recapitulation
of all that has gone before by drawing a picture of a day with a
soldier in camp emphasizing the discipline and duties of camp life.
[Footnote 1: Bolton, _The Private Soldier Under Washington_.
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A MISCELLANY OF MEN
By G. K. Chesterton
Contents
THE SUFFRAGIST
THE POET AND THE CHEESE
THE THING
THE MAN WHO THINKS BACKWARDS
THE NAMELESS MAN
THE GARDENER AND THE GUINEA
THE VOTER AND THE TWO VOICES
THE MAD OFFICIAL
THE ENCHANTED MAN
THE SUN WORSHIPPER
THE WRONG INCENDIARY
THE FREE MAN
THE HYPOTHETICAL HOUSEHOLDER
THE PRIEST OF SPRING
THE REAL JOURNALIST
THE SENTIMENTAL SCOT
THE SECTARIAN OF SOCIETY
THE FOOL
THE CONSCRIPT AND THE CRISIS
THE MISER AND HIS FRIENDS
THE MY
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MY FRIEND THE MURDERER
By A. Conan Doyle
"Number 481 is no better, doctor," said the head-warder, in a slightly
reproachful accent, looking in round the corner of my door.
"Confound 481" I responded from behind the pages of the _Australian
Sketcher_.
"And 61 says his tubes are paining him. Couldn't you do anything for
him?"
"He is a walking drug-shop," said I. "He has the whole British
pharmacopaae inside him. I believe his tubes are as sound as yours are."
"Then there's 7 and 108, they are chronic," continued the warder,
glancing down a blue slip of paper. "And 28 knocked off work
yesterday--said lifting things gave him a stitch in the side. I want you
to have a look at him, if you don't mind, doctor. There's 81, too--him
that killed John Adamson in the Corinthian brig--he's been carrying on
awful in the night, shrieking and yelling, he has, and no stopping him
either."
"All right, I'll have a look at him afterward," I said, tossing my paper
carelessly aside, and pouring myself out a cup of coffee. "Nothing else
to report, I suppose, warder?"
The official protruded his head a little further into the room. "Beg
pardon, doctor," he said, in a confidential tone, "but I notice as 82
has a bit of a cold, and it would be a good excuse for you to visit him
and have a chat, maybe."
The cup of coffee was arrested half-way to my lips as I stared in
amazement at the man's serious face.
"An excuse?" I said. "An excuse? What the deuce are you talking about,
McPherson? You see me trudging about all day at my practise, when I'm
not looking after the prisoners, and coming back every night as tired as
a dog, and you talk about finding an excuse for doing more work."
"You'd like it, doctor," said Warder McPherson, insinuating one of his
shoulders into the room. "That man's story's worth listening to if you
could get him to tell it, though he's not what you'd call free in his
speech. Maybe you don't know who 82 is?"
"No, I don't, and I don't care either," I answered, in the conviction
that some local ruffian was about to be foisted upon me as a celebrity.
"He's Maloney," said the warder, "him that turned Queen's evidence after
the murders at Bluemansdyke."
"You don't say so?" I ejaculated, laying down my cup in astonishment. I
had heard of this ghastly series of murders, and read an account of
them in a London magazine long before setting foot in the colony. I
remembered that the atrocities committed had thrown the Burke and Hare
crimes completely into the shade, and that one of the most villainous
of the gang had saved his own skin by betraying his companions. "Are you
sure?" I asked.
"Oh, yes, it's him right enough. Just you draw him out a bit, and
he'll astonish you. He's a man to know, is Maloney; that's to say, in
moderation;" and the head grinned, bobbed, and disappeared, leaving me
to finish my breakfast and ruminate over what I had heard.
The surgeonship of an Australian prison is not an enviable position. It
may be endurable in Melbourne or Sydney, but the little town of Perth
has few attractions to recommend it, and those few had been long
exhausted. The climate was detestable, and the society far from
congenial. Sheep and cattle were the staple support of the community;
and their prices, breeding, and diseases the principal topic of
conversation. Now as I, being an outsider, possessed neither the one nor
the other, and was utterly callous to the new "dip" and the "rot" and
other kindred topics, I found myself in a state of mental isolation,
and was ready to hail anything which might relieve the monotony of my
existence. Maloney, the murderer, had at least some distinctiveness and
individuality in his character, and might act as a tonic to a mind sick
of the commonplaces of existence. I determined that I should follow the
warder's advice, and take the excuse for making his acquaintance. When,
therefore, I went upon my usual matutinal round, I turned the lock of
the door which bore the convict's number upon it, and walked into the
cell.
The man was lying in a heap upon his rough bed as I entered, but,
uncoiling his long limbs, he started up and stared at me with an
insolent look of defiance on his face which augured badly for our
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MEMOIRS OF JACQUES CASANOVA de SEINGALT 1725-1798
THE ETERNAL QUEST, Volume 3d--SWITZERLAND
THE RARE UNABRIDGED LONDON EDITION OF 1894 TRANSLATED BY ARTHUR MACHEN TO
WHICH HAS BEEN ADDED THE CHAPTERS DISCOVERED BY ARTHUR SYMONS.
THE ETERNAL QUEST
SWITZERLAND
CHAPTER XIII
I Resolve to Become a Monk--I go to Confession--Delay of a
Fortnight--Giustiniani, the Apostle Capuchin--I Alter my Mind; My
Reasons--My Pranks at the Inn--I Dine With the Abbot
The cool way in which the abbot told these cock-and-bull stories gave me
an inclination to laughter, which the holiness of the place and the laws
of politeness had much difficulty in restraining. All the same I listened
with such an attentive air that his reverence was delighted with me and
asked where I was staying.
"Nowhere," said I; "I came from Zurich on foot, and my first visit was to
your church."
I do not know whether I pronounced these words with an air of
compunction, but the abbot joined his hands and lifted them to heaven, as
if to thank God for touching my heart and bringing me there to lay down
the burden of my sins. I have no doubt that these were his thoughts, as I
have always had the look of a great sinner.
The abbot said it was near noon and that he hoped I would do him the
honour of dining with him, and I accepted with pleasure, for I had had
nothing to eat and I knew that there is usually good cheer in such
places. I did not know where I was and I did not care to ask, being
willing to leave him under the impression that I was a pilgrim come to
expiate my sins.
On our way from the church the abbot told me that his monks were fasting,
but that we should eat meat in virtue of a dispensation he had received
from Benedict XIV., which allowed him to eat meat all the year round with
his guests. I replied that I would join him all the more willingly as the
Holy Father had given me a similar dispensation. This seemed to excite
his curiosity about myself, and when we got to his room, which did not
look the cell of a penitent, he hastened to shew me the brief, which he
had framed and glazed and hung up opposite the table so that the curious
and scrupulous might have it in full view.
As the table was only laid for two, a servant in full livery came in and
brought another cover; and the humble abbot then told me that he usually
had his chancellor with him at dinner, "for," said he, "I have a
chancery, since as abbot of Our Lady of Einsiedel I am a prince of the
Holy Roman Empire."
This was a relief to me, as I now knew where I was, and I no longer ran
the risk of shewing my ignorance in the course of conversation.
This monastery (of which I had heard before) was the Loretto of the
Mountains, and was famous for the number of pilgrims who resorted to it.
In the course of dinner the prince--abbot asked me where I came from, if
I were married, if I intended to make a tour of Switzerland, adding that
he should be glad to give me letters of introduction. I replied that I
was a Venetian, a bachelor, and that I should be glad to accept the
letters of introduction he had kindly offered me, after I had had a
private conference with him, in which I desired to take his advice on my
conscience.
Thus, without premeditation, and scarcely knowing what I was saying, I
engaged to confess to the abbot.
This was my way. Whenever I obeyed a spontaneous impulse, whenever I did
anything of a sudden, I thought I was following the laws of my destiny,
and yielding to a supreme will. When I had thus plainly intimated to him
that he was to be my confessor, he felt obliged to speak with religious
fervour, and his discourses seemed tolerable enough during a delicate and
appetising repast, for we had snipe and woodcock; which made me
exclaim,--
"What! game like that at this time of year?"
"It's a secret," said he, with a pleased smile, "which I shall be glad to
communicate to you."
The abbot was a man of taste, for though he affected sobriety he had the
choicest wines and the most delicious dishes on the table. A splendid
salmon-trout was brought, which made him smile with pleasure, and
seasoning the good fare with a jest, he said in Latin that we must taste
it as it was fish, and that it was right to fast a little.
While he was talking the abbot kept a keen eye on me, and as my fine
dress made him feel certain that I had nothing to ask of him he spoke at
ease.
When dinner was over the chancellor bowed respectfully and went out. Soon
after the abbot took me over the monastery, including the library, which
contained a portrait of the Elector of Cologne in semi-ecclesiastical
costume. I told him that the portrait was a good though ugly likeness,
and drew out of my pocket the gold snuffbox the prince had given me,
telling him that it was a speaking likeness. He looked at it with
interest, and thought his highness had done well to be taken in the dress
of a grand-master. But I perceived that the elegance of the snuff-box did
no harm to the opinion the abbot had conceived of me. As for the library,
if I had been alone it would have made me weep. It contained nothing
under the size of folio, the newest books were a hundred years old, and
the subject-matter of all
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ROCKIES***
E-text prepared by Stephen Hutcheson, Chris Curnow, and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 45630-h.htm or 45630-h.zip:
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/45630/45630-h/45630-h.htm)
or
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/45630/45630-h.zip)
Transcriber's note:
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
[Illustration: PREPARING BREAKFAST (Two adult Chipping Sparrows breaking
worm into pieces to feed young.)]
BIRD GUIDE
LAND BIRDS EAST OF THE ROCKIES
From Parrots to Bluebirds
by
CHESTER A. REED
Author of
North American Birds' Eggs, and, with Frank M. Chapman, of Color Key to
North American Birds. Curator in Ornithology, Worcester Natural History
Society.
Garden City New York
Doubleday, Page & Company
1919
Copyrighted, 1906, 1909 by Chas. K. Reed.
PREFACE
[Illustr
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THE DIARY
_of a_ FRESHMAN
_By_
CHARLES MACOMB FLANDRAU
Author of "Harvard Episodes"
_NEW YORK_
DOUBLEDAY, PAGE AND COMPANY
_MDCCCCI_
_Copyright, 1900, by_
The Curtis Publishing Co.
_Copyright, 1901, by_
Doubleday, Page & Company
University Press
John Wilson and Son
Cambridge, U.S.A.
_TO THE_
"_For Ever Panting and For Ever Young._"
_Courteous acknowledgment is here
made to the Saturday Evening
Post, Philadelphia, in which these
papers first saw the light._
_*THE*_*
DIARY *_*of a*_* FRESHMAN*
*I*
Mamma left for home this afternoon. As I want to be perfectly truthful
in my diary, I suppose I must confess that before she actually went away
I sometimes thought I should be rather relieved when she was no longer
here. Mamma has a fixed idea that I came to college for the express
purpose of getting my feet wet by day, and sleeping in a draught by
night. She began the furnishing of my rooms by investing in a pair of
rubber boots,--the kind you tie around your waist with a string. The
clerk in the shop asked her if I was fond of trout-fishing, and she
explained to him that I had always lived in the West where the climate
was dry, and that she didn't know how I would stand the dampness of the
seacoast. Mamma thought the clerk was so interested in my last attack
of tonsillitis I didn't have the heart to tell her that all the time he
was looking sympathetic with his right eye, he was winking at me with
his left.
Now that she is gone, however, I don't see how I could have thought,
even for a moment, that I should be glad, and I've been sitting here
for an hour just looking at my room and all the nice things she advised
me about and helped me to choose--wishing she could see how cosey it is
late at night with the green lamp lighted and a little fire going. (It
isn't really cool enough for a fire; I had to take my coat off for a
while, the room got so warm--but I was anxious to know how the andirons
looked with a blaze behind them.) I suppose she is lying awake in the
sleeping-car thinking of me. She made me move my bed to the other side
of the room, so that it wouldn't be near the window. I moved it back
again; but I think now I 'll change it again to the way she liked it.
Of course I was disappointed last May when I found I hadn't drawn a room
in one of the college buildings. I had an idea that if you didn't live
in one of the buildings owned by the college you wouldn't feel,
somehow, as if you "belonged." Before I arrived in Cambridge I worried
a good deal over it. The old Harvard men at home were most
unsatisfactory about this when I asked their advice. The ones who had
lived in the Yard when they were in college seemed to think there was
n't any particular use in going to college at all unless you could live
either in their old rooms or some in the same building; and the ones who
had lived outside as I am going to do (this year, anyhow) said the
college buildings were nice enough in their way, but if I could only get
the dear old place (which was pulled down fifteen years ago) where James
Russell Lowell had scratched his name on the window-pane, and where
somebody else (I've forgotten who it was) crawled up the big chimney
when the sheriff came to arrest him for debt and was discovered because
he did not crawl far enough, I should be all right.
I don't see how the good times and the advantages of a place like this
hold out for so long; everybody who has been here speaks as if he had
about used them up.
Well, we found rooms pleading to be rented; every other house in
Cambridge has a "Student's Room to Let" card in the window. Even some
of the rooms in the Yard had been given up at the last minute by fellows
who flunked their exams. Mamma said she felt very sorry for the poor
boys; and after that the enormity of my having been conditioned in
physics and solid geometry decreased considerably. The trouble (there
were four days
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[Illustration: THE SUPPER [Page 37]]
THE
ASSOCIATE HERMITS
By
Frank R. Stockton
Author of
"The Great Stone of Sardis"
With Illustrations by A. B. Frost
[Illustration]
NEW YORK AND LONDON
HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS
1900
BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
THE GREAT STONE OF SARDIS. A Novel.
Illustrated by Peter Newell. Post 8vo, Cloth,
Ornamental, $1 50.
"The Great Stone of Sardis" is as queer and preposterous as
can be imagined, yet as plausible and real-seeming as a legal
document.... There is a treat in the book.--_Independent_, N. Y.
A new and worthy example of Stockton's kindly, wholesome,
original, and inexhaustible humor.--_Syracuse Post._
Narrated with a seriousness that gives the adventures a semblance
of matters of fact. Through the narrative runs a love interest which
Mr. Stockton manages with great skill.--_Washington Post._
NEW YORK AND LONDON:
HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS.
Copyright, 1898, by Harper & Brothers.
All rights reserved.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
I. The Dawn of a Wedding-journey 1
II. Enter Margery 7
III. Sadler's 15
IV. A Cataract of Information 23
V. Camp Rob 35
VI. Camp Roy 42
VII. A Stranger 52
VIII. The Bishop's Tale 63
IX. Matlack's Three Troubles 74
X. A Ladies' Day in Camp 82
XI. Margery Takes the Oars 90
XII. The Bishop Engages the Attention of the Guides 100
XIII. The World Goes Wrong with Mr. Raybold 105
XIV. The Assertion of Individuality 113
XV. A Net of Cobwebs to Cage a Lion 123
XVI. A Man who Feels Himself a Man 135
XVII. Mrs. Perkenpine Asserts Her Individuality 143
XVIII. The Hermits Associate 153
XIX. Margery's Breakfast 161
XX. Martin Asserts His Individuality 173
XXI. The Individuality of Peter Sadler 185
XXII. A Tranquillizing Breeze and a Hot Wind 194
XXIII. Mrs. Perkenpine Finds out Things about Herself 205
XXIV. A Dissolving Audience 212
XXV. A Moonlight Interview 220
XXVI. An Elopement 229
XXVII. Mrs. Perkenpine Delights the Bishop 239
XXVIII. The Hermits Continue to Favor Association 248
ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
THE SUPPER Frontispiece
"'CAN THIS BE SADLER'S?'" 16
"'THEY THROW THE OTHER THINGS BACK'" 54
"A LESSON IN FLY-FISHING" 80
"BUT THE BISHOP KNEW BETTER" 98
"WITH A GREAT HEAVE SENT HIM OUT INTO THE WATER" 102
"'WHERE ARE ALL OUR FRIENDS?'" 150
"'HAVEN'T TRIED IT'" 202
"'IF THEY AIN'T THE CAMP ROBBERS!'" 232
THE ASSOCIATE HERMITS
CHAPTER I
THE DAWN OF A WEDDING-JOURNEY
Mr. and Mrs. Hector Archibald were prosperous and happy dwellers in a
suburb of one of our large towns. Fortune had favored them in many
ways--in health and in a good average happiness. They had reached early
middle age, and their daughter Kate, their only child, had grown up to be
a beautiful and good young woman, and was on the point of marrying a young
lawyer--Rodney Bringhurst by name--in every way worthy of her.
Hector Archibald was a little man, with small bright eyes, and hair
slightly touched with gray and very much inclined to curl. His disposition
was lively. He had a strong liking for cheerful occurrences, and was
always willing to do his part in the bringing about of such events.
Novelty had a charm for him. He was not bound by precedence and tradition,
and if he had found himself at a dinner which began with coffee and ended
with oysters on the half-shell, he would have given the unusual meal a
most animated consideration
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PRACTICAL HIGH SCHOOL
SPELLER
COMPILED BY
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Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
BEAUTY;
ILLUSTRATED CHIEFLY BY AN
ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION
OF BEAUTY IN WOMAN,
BY ALEXANDER WALKER,
AUTHOR OF "INTERMARRIAGE," "WOMAN," "PHYSIOGNOMY FOUNDED
ON PHYSIOLOGY," "THE NERVOUS SYSTEM," ETC.
EDITED BY AN AMERICAN PHYSICIAN
NEW YORK:
HENRY G. LANGLEY, 8 ASTOR-HOUSE.
1845.
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1840, BY J. & H. G.
LANGLEY, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Southern
District of New York
STEREOTYPED BY J. S. REDFIELD,
_13 Chambers Street, New York_
DEDICATION.
TO GEORGE BIRBECK, M.D., F.G.S.,
PRESIDENT OF THE LONDON MECHANICS' INSTITUTION, &c., &c., &c.
A department of science, which in many respects must be regarded as new,
cannot so properly be dedicated to any one as to the inventor of the best
mode of diffusing scientific knowledge among the most meritorious and most
oppressed classes of society.
When the enemies of freedom, in order effectually to blind the victims of
their spoliation, imposed a tax upon knowledge, you rendered the
acquirement of science easy by the establishment of mechanics'
institutions--you gave the first and greatest impulse to that diffusion of
knowledge which will render the repetition of such a conspiracy against
humanity impossible.
You more than once also wrested a reluctant concession, in behalf of
untaxed knowledge, from the men who had evidently succeeded, in some
degree, to the spirit, as well as to the office, of the original
conspirators, and who unwisely hesitated between the bad interest which is
soon felt by all participators in expensive government, and their dread of
the new and triumphant power of public opinion, before which they know and
feel that they are but as the chaff before the whirlwind.
For these services, accept this respectful dedication, as the expression
of a homage, in which I am sure that I am joined by thousands of Britons.
Nor, in writing this, on a subject of which your extensive knowledge
enables you so well to judge, am I without a peculiar and personal motive.
I gratefully acknowledge that, in one of the most earnest and strenuous
mental efforts I ever made, in my work on "The Nervous System," I owed to
your cautions as to logical reasoning and careful induction, an anxiety at
least, and a zeal in these respects, which, whatever success may have
attended them, could not well be exceeded.
I have endeavored to act conformably with the same cautions in the present
work. He must be weak-minded, indeed, who can seek for aught in philosophy
but the discovery of truth; and he must be a coward who, believing he has
discovered it, has any scruple to announce it.
ALEXANDER WALKER.
APRIL 10, 1836.
AMERICAN ADVERTISEMENT.
The present volume completes the series of Mr. Walker's anthropological
works. To say that they have met with a favorable reception from the
American public, would be but a very inadequate expression of the
unprecedented success which has attended their publication.
"INTERMARRIAGE," the first of the series, passed through six large
editions within eighteen months, and "WOMAN," has met with a sale scarcely
less extensive. The numerous calls for the present work, have compelled
the publishers to issue it sooner than they had contemplated; and, it is
believed, that it will be found not less worthy of attention than the
preceding.
All must acknowledge the interesting nature of the subject treated in the
present work, as well as its intimate connexion with those which have
already passed under discussion. The analysis of beauty on philosophical
principles, is attended with numerous difficulties, not the least of which
arises from the want of any fixed and acknowledged standard. The term
Beauty is, indeed, generally considered as a vague generality, varying
according to national, and even individual taste and judgment.
Mr. Walker claims, in his advertisement, numerous points of originality,
some of which, on examination, may perhaps prove to have been proposed
previously by other writers. Enough, however, will remain to entitle him
to the credit of great ingenuity and acuteness. As treated by him, the
subject assumes an aspect very different from that exhibited in any other
publication. To trace the connexion of beauty with, and its dependance on,
anatomical structure and physiological laws--to show how it may be
modified by causes within our control--to describe its different forms and
modifications, and defects, as indicated by certain physical signs--to
analyze its elements, with a view to its influence on individuals and
society, in connexion with its perpetration in posterity--all these were
novel topics of vast and exciting interest, and well adapted to the
genius, taste, and research of our author.
In preparing the present edition, it has been thought expedient to make
some verbal alterations, and omit a few paragraphs, to which a refined
taste might perhaps object, and to bring together in the Appendix such
collateral matter, as might serve to correct, extend, or illustrate the
views presented
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DONA PERFECTA
by B. PEREZ GALDOS
Translated from the Spanish by Mary J. Serrano
INTRODUCTION
The very acute and lively Spanish critic who signs himself Clarin, and
is known personally as Don Leopoldo Alas, says the present Spanish novel
has no yesterday, but only a day-before-yesterday. It does not derive
from the romantic novel which immediately preceded that: the novel,
large or little, as it was with Cervantes, Hurtado de Mendoza, Quevedo,
and the masters of picaresque fiction.
Clarin dates its renascence from the political revolution of 1868,
which gave Spanish literature the freedom necessary to the fiction that
studies to reflect modern life, actual ideas, and current aspirations;
and though its authors were few at first, "they have never been
adventurous spirits, friends of Utopia, revolutionists, or impatient
progressists and reformers." He thinks that the most daring, the most
advanced, of the new Spanish novelists, and the best by far, is Don
Benito Perez Galdos.
I should myself have made my little exception in favor of Don Armando
Palacio Valdes, but Clarin speaks with infinitely more authority, and I
am certainly ready to submit when he goes on to say that Galdos is not
a social or literary insurgent; that he has no political or religious
prejudices; that he shuns extremes, and is charmed with prudence;
that his novels do not attack the Catholic dogmas--though they deal so
severely with Catholic bigotry--but the customs and ideas cherished
by secular fanaticism to the injury of the Church. Because this is
so evident, our critic holds, his novels are "found in the bosom of
families in every corner of Spain." Their popularity among all classes
in Catholic and prejudiced Spain, and not among free-thinking students
merely, bears testimony to the fact that his aim and motive are
understood and appreciated, although his stories are apparently so often
anti-Catholic.
I
Dona Perfecta is, first of all, a story, and a great story, but it is
certainly also a story that must appear at times potently, and even
bitterly, anti-Catholic. Yet it would be a pity and an error to read it
with the preoccupation that it was an anti-Catholic tract, for really it
is not that. If the persons were changed in name and place, and
modified in passion to fit a cooler air, it might equally seem an
anti-Presbyterian or anti-Baptist tract; for what it shows in the light
of their own hatefulness and cruelty are perversions of any religion,
any creed. It is not, however, a tract at all; it deals in artistic
largeness with the passion of bigotry, as it deals with the passion of
love, the passion of ambition, the passion of revenge. But Galdos
is Spanish and Catholic, and for him the bigotry wears a Spanish and
Catholic face. That is all.
Up to a certain time, I believe, Galdos wrote romantic or idealistic
novels, and one of these I have read, and it tired me very much. It was
called "Marianela," and it surprised me the more because I was already
acquainted with his later work, which is all realistic. But one does not
turn realist in a single night, and although the change in Galdos was
rapid it was not quite a lightning change; perhaps because it was
not merely an outward change, but artistically a change of heart. His
acceptance in his quality of realist was much more instant than his
conversion, and vastly wider; for we are told by the critic whom I have
been quoting that Galdos's earlier efforts, which he called _Episodios
Nacionales_, never had the vogue which his realistic novels have
enjoyed.
These were, indeed, tendencious, if I may Anglicize a very necessary
word from the Spanish _tendencioso_. That is, they dealt with very
obvious problems, and had very distinct and poignant significations,
at least in the case of "Dona Perfecta," "Leon Roch," and "Gloria." In
still later novels, Emilia Pardo-Bazan thinks, he has comprehended that
"the novel of to-day must take note of the ambient truth, and realize
the beautiful with freedom and independence." This valiant lady, in
the campaign for realism which she made under the title of "La Cuestion
Palpitante"--one of the best and strongest books on the subject--counts
him first among Spanish realists, as Clarin counts him first among
Spanish novelists. "With a certain fundamental humanity," she says,
"a certain magisterial simplicity in his creations, with the natural
tendency of his clear intelligence toward the truth, and with the
frankness of his observation, the great novelist was always disposed
to pass over to realism with arms and munitions; but his aesthetic
inclinations were idealistic, and only in his latest works has he
adopted the method of the modern novel, fathomed more and more the human
heart, and broken once for all with the picturesque and with the typical
personages, to embrace the earth we tread."
For her, as I confess for me, "Dona Perfecta" is not realistic
enough--realistic as it is; for realism at its best is not tendencious.
It does not seek to grapple with
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The Project Gutenberg Etext of Cinq Mars, by Alfred de Vigny, v3
#36 in our series The French Immortals Crowned by the French Academy
#3 in our series by Octave Feuillet
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Title: Cinq Mars, v3
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Produced by Ron Swanson
Vol. II. No. 1.
THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE.
PUBLISHED BY THE
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY.
WASHINGTON, D. C.
Price 50 Cents.
CONTENTS.
On the Telegraphic Determinations of Longitude by the Bureau of
Navigation: Lieut. J. A. Norris, U. S. N.
Reports of the Vice-Presidents:
Geography of the Land: Herbert G. Ogden
Geography of the Air: A. W. Greely, Chief Signal Officer, U. S. A.
Annual Report of the Treasurer
Report of Auditing Committee
Annual Report of the Secretary
National Geographic Society:
Abstract of Minutes
Officers for 1890
Members of the Society
Published April, 1890.
PRESS OF TUTTLE, MOREHOUSE & TAYLOR, NEW HAVEN, CONN.
THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE.
Vol. II. 1890. No. 1.
ON THE TELEGRAPHIC DETERMINATIONS OF LONGITUDE BY THE BUREAU OF
NAVIGATION.
BY LIEUT. J. A. NORRIS, U. S. N.
The following definitions are given by Chauvenet in his Spherical and
Practical Astronomy.
"The longitude of a point on the earth's surface is the angle at the
Pole included between the meridian of that point and some assumed first
meridian. The difference of longitude between any two points is the
angle included between their meridians." To describe the practical
methods of obtaining this difference or angle, by means of the electric
telegraph both overland and submarine, and especially those employed by
the expeditions sent out by the Navy department, is the object of this
paper.
* * * * *
Before the invention of the telegraph various methods more or less
accurate in their results were employed, and are still in use where the
telegraph is not available. The one most used and giving the best
results was that in which a number of chronometers were transported
back and forth between two places the difference of whose longitudes
was required. "For," as the author quoted above says, "the
determination of an absolute longitude from the first meridian or of a
difference of longitude in general, resolves itself into the
determination of the difference of the time reckoned at the two
meridians at the same absolute instant." If a chronometer be regulated
to the time at any place _A_, and then transported to a second place
_B_, and the local time at _B_, be determined at any instant, and at
that instant the time at _A_, as shown by the chronometer is noted, the
difference of the times is at once known, and that is the difference of
longitude required. The principal objection to this plan is that the
best chronometers vary. If the variations were constant and regular,
and the chronometer always gained or lost a fixed amount for the same
interval of time, this objection would disappear. But the variation is
not constant, the rate of gain or loss, even in the best instruments,
changes from time to time from various causes. Some of these causes may
be discovered and allowed for in a measure, others are accidental and
unknown. Of the former class are variations due to changes of
temperature. At the Naval Observatory, chronometers are rated at
different temperatures, and the changes due thereto are noted, and
serve to a great extent as a guide in their use. But the transportation
of a chronometer, even when done with great care is liable to cause
sudden changes in its indications, and of course in carrying it long
distances, numerous shocks of greater or less violence are unavoidable.
Still, chronometric measurements, when well carried out with a number
of chronometers and skilled observers have been very successful. Among
notable expeditions of this sort was that undertaken in 1843, by Struve
between Pulkova and Altona, in which eighty-one chronometers were
employed and nine voyages made from Pulkova to Altona and eight the
other way. The results from thirteen of the chronometers were rejected
as being discordant, and the deduced longitude was made to depend on
the remaining 68. The result thus obtained differs from the latest
determination by 0^{s}.2.
The U. S. Coast Survey instituted chronometric expeditions between
Cambridge, Mass., and Liverpool, England, in the years 1849, '50, '51
and '55. The probable error of the results of six voyages, three in
each direction, in 1855 was 0^{s}.19, fifty chronometers being carried.
Among other methods of determining differences of time may be mentioned
the observation of certain celestial phenomena, which are visible at
the same absolute instant by observers in various parts of the globe,
such as the instant of the beginning or end of an eclipse of the moon,
the eclipses of Jupiter's satellites by the shadow of the planet, the
bursting of a meteor, and the appearance or disappearance of a shooting
star. The difficulty of identifying these last mentioned objects and
the impossibility of foretelling their occurrence prevents the extended
use of this method.
Terrestrial signals may be used and among these can be included those
sent by the electric telegraph. But when two stations are near together
a signal may be made
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_Songs of a Sourdough_
_"Songs from Overseas"_
SONGS OF A SOURDOUGH. By ROBERT W. SERVICE.
BALLADS OF A CHEECHAKO. By ROBERT W. SERVICE.
LYRA NIGERIAE. By "ADAMU" (E. C. ADAMS).
SOUTH AFRICA, AND OTHER POEMS. By A. VINE HALL.
SONGS OUT OF EXILE (RHODESIAN RHYMES). By CULLEN GOULDSBURY.
COWBOY SONGS. By JOHN A. LOMAX.
RHYMES OF A ROLLING STONE. By ROBERT W. SERVICE.
THE HELL-GATE OF SOISSONS, AND OTHER POEMS. By HERBERT KAUFMAN.
THE WAITING WOMAN
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domain material from the Google Books project.)
[Illustration: "The Toad Woman stopped fanning and looked at her." Page
125.]
ADVENTURES
IN
Shadow-Land.
CONTAINING
Eva's Adventures in Shadow-Land.
By MARY D. NAUMAN.
AND
The Merman and The Figure-Head.
By CLARA F. GUERNSEY.
TWO VOLUMES IN ONE.
_WITH ILLUSTRATIONS._
PHILADELPHIA
J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO.
1874.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by
J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO.,
In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
Lippincott's Press,
Philadelphia.
EVA'S ADVENTURES
IN
SHADOW-LAND.
TO
MY FRIEND
E. W.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
PAGE
What Eva saw in the Pond 9
CHAPTER II.
Eva's First Adventure 15
CHAPTER III.
The Gift of the Fountain 23
CHAPTER IV.
The First Moonrise 30
CHAPTER V.
What Aster was 36
CHAPTER VI.
The Beginning of the Search 45
CHAPTER VII.
Aster's Misfortunes 52
CHAPTER VIII.
What Aster did 63
CHAPTER IX.
The Door in the Wall 73
CHAPTER X.
The Valley of Rest 80
CHAPTER XI.
The Magic Boat 92
CHAPTER XII.
Down the Brook 104
CHAPTER XIII.
The Enchanted River 119
CHAPTER XIV.
The Green Frog 130
CHAPTER XV.
In the Grotto 145
CHAPTER XVI.
Aster's Story 151
CHAPTER XVII.
The Last of Shadow-Land 162
EVA'S ADVENTURES
IN SHADOW-LAND.
CHAPTER I.
_WHAT EVA SAW IN THE POND._
She had been reading fairy-tales, after her lessons were done, all the
morning; and now that dinner was over, her father gone to his office,
the baby asleep, and her mother sitting quietly sewing in the cool
parlor, Eva thought that she would go down across the field to the old
mill-pond; and sit in the grass, and make a fairy-tale for herself.
There was nothing that Eva liked better than to go and sit in the tall
grass; grass so tall that when the child, in her white dress, looped on
her plump white shoulders with blue ribbons, her bright golden curls
brushed back from her fair brow, and her blue eyes sparkling, sat down
in it, you could not see her until you were near her, and then it was
just as if you had found a picture of a little girl in a frame, or
rather a nest of soft, green grass.
All through this tall, wavy grass, down to the very edge of the pond,
grew many flowers,--violets, and buttercups, and dandelions, like little
golden suns. And as Eva sat there in the grass, she filled her lap with
the purple and yellow flowers; and all around her the bees buzzed as
though they wished to light upon the flowers in her lap; on which, at
last,--so quietly did she sit,--two black-and-golden butterflies
alighted; while a great brown beetle, with long black feelers, climbed
up a tall grass-stalk in front of her, which, bending slightly under his
weight, swung to and fro in the gentle breeze which barely stirred Eva's
golden curls; and the field-crickets chirped, and even a snail put his
horns out of his shell to look at the little girl, sitting so quietly in
the grass among the flowers, for Eva was gentle, and neither bee, nor
butterfly, beetle, cricket, or snail were afraid of her. And this is
what Eva called making a fairy-tale for herself.
But sitting so quietly and watching the insects, and hearing their low
hum around her, at last made Eva feel drowsy; and she would have gone to
sleep, as she often did, if all of a sudden there had not sounded, just
at her feet, so that it startled her, a loud
Croak! croak!
But it frightened the two butterflies; for away they went, floating off
on their black-and-golden wings; and the brown beetle was in so much of
a hurry to run away that he tumbled off the grass-stalk on which he had
been swinging, and as soon as he could regain his legs, crept, as fast
as they could carry him, under a friendly mullein-leaf which grew near,
and hid himself; and the crickets were silent; and the bees all flew
away to their hive; and the snail drew himself and his horns into his
house, so that he looked like nothing in the world but a shell; for when
beetles
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Transcriber’s Notes
Superscripts are indicated by caret symbols: 2^8 for single characters
and 2^{1.5} for multiple characters. Italic text is enclosed in
_underscores_. Other notes will be found at the end of this eBook.
The
Destinies of the Stars
By
Svante Arrhenius, Ph.D.
President, Nobel Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
(Recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1903)
Authorized Translation from the Swedish
By
J. E. Fries
Fellow A.I.E.E.
_Illustrated_
G. P. Putnam’s Sons
New York and London
The Knickerbocker Press
1918
COPYRIGHT, 1918
BY
G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS
The Knickerbocker Press, New York
TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE
When Dr. Svante Arrhenius in the year 1903 received the NOBEL PRIZE in
Chemistry it came as a fitting reward of his achievements principally
in the electro-chemical field. It was natural, however, that a genius
of his calibre would not limit his interest to the “infinitely
small” but would gradually broaden it to encompass the “infinitely
large.” And “to take an interest” means with Dr. Arrhenius to push
the boundaries of the unknown and of the unexplored a little farther
away from man. His evolution in this respect runs parallel with that
of all the great men who stand out as leaders in the history of
science. Wrapt up in the solution of a particular problem and fired
with the divine yearning to reach ultimate causes they are inevitably
driven to ever widening circles of research until this whole material
universe, its whence and whither, becomes the overpowering passion
of their spirits. Thus the mere titles of the works of Dr. Arrhenius,
read in the sequence of their publication, give us, better than any
biography, the history of a soul, which, no matter what his unprofessed
philosophical faith may be, constitutes our strongest evidence in
favour of that theory of “purposiveness” in the universe which Dr.
Arrhenius so heartily abhors (and justly so) when resorted to in
natural science, but which theory nevertheless (and justly so) is so
dear to the philosopher:--_Researches in Regard to the Conductivity of
Electrolytes; Conductivity of Extremely Diluted Solutions; Chemical
Theory of Electrolytes; Textbook in Theoretical Electro-Chemistry;
Textbook in Cosmological Physics; Worlds in the Making; Infinity of the
Universe; Life of the Universe as Conceived by Man from Earliest Ages
to the Present Time_;--thus run the titles of a few of the works we
already have by Dr. Arrhenius’ hand. How were it possible for him NOT
to write _The Destinies of the Stars_? The volume came as inevitably
as fruition follows flowering. What remains to be seen is if Dr.
Arrhenius can withstand the tremendous temptation that must be at work
in his soul to lift, be it ever so little, the curtain that separates
natural science and philosophy; we hope he will give in; we admire in
this book how he reads “The Riddle of the Milky Way”; we certainly wish
to know how he reads--the riddle of the universe.
_The Destinies of the Stars_ met with unexampled success in Sweden.
Three editions appeared within two months when the book was published
in November, 1915. The American version has been somewhat delayed
principally due to war conditions. This, however, has not been wholly
a loss to the English-speaking world as Dr. Arrhenius by no means has
been idle in the meantime. Considerable additional subject matter,
including three new pictures, has been added, chiefly based on the most
recent astronomical discoveries some of which have been recorded as
late as 1917.
For valuable suggestions and for all the American equivalents of the
metric measures in the original, the reader as well as the translator,
is indebted to a member of the Publishing House that presents this
volume in such an attractive way, Mr. E. W. Putnam, himself an ardent
lover of astronomy and a writer on the subject.
Dr. Arrhenius is justly renowned for his lucid style and polished form.
All that is lacking in these qualities within the covers of this volume
is wholly due to the deficiencies of the translator, who however could
not resist the temptation of transferring to Anglo-Saxon soil this
monument to the genius of his former teacher, Dr. Svante Arrhenius.
J. E. FRIES.
BIRMINGHAM, ALA., December 15, 1917.
PREFACE
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A PRINCESS OF THULE.
BY
WILLIAM BLACK,
AUTHOR OF
“A DAUGHTER OF HETH,” “MADCAP VIOLET,” “STRANGE
ADVENTURES OF A PHAETON,” ETC.
NEW YORK:
JOHN W. LOVELL COMPANY,
14 & 16 VESEY STREET.
A PRINCESS OF THULE.
By WILLIAM BLACK.
CHAPTER I.
“LOCHABER NO MORE.”
On a small headland of the distant island of Lewis, an old man stood
looking out on a desolate waste of rain-beaten sea. It was a wild and
wet day. From out of the lowering Southwest fierce gusts of wind were
driving up volumes and flying rags of clouds, and sweeping onward at the
same time the gathering waves that fell hissing and thundering on the
shore. Far as the eye could reach, the sea and the air and the sky
seemed to be one indistinguishable mass of whirling and hurrying vapor,
as if beyond this point there were no more land, but only wind and
water, and the confused and awful voice of their strife.
The short, thick-set, powerfully-built man who stood on this solitary
point paid little attention to the rain that ran off the peak of his
sailor’s cap, or to the gusts of wind that blew about his bushy gray
beard. He was still following, with an eye accustomed to pick out
objects far at sea, one speck of purple that was now fading into the
gray mist of the rain; and the longer he looked the less it became,
until the mingled sea and sky showed only the smoke that the great
steamer left in its wake. As he stood there, motionless and regardless
of everything around him, did he cling to the fancy that he could still
trace out the path of the vanished ship? A little while before it had
passed almost close to him. He had watched it steam out of Stornoway
Harbor. As the sound of the engines came nearer and the big boat went
by, so that he could have almost called to it, there was no sign of
emotion on the hard and stern face, except, perhaps, that the lips were
held firm and a sort of frown appeared over the eyes. He saw a tiny
white handkerchief being waved to him from the deck of the vessel; and
he said, almost as though he were addressing some one there:
“My good little girl!”
But in the midst of that roaring of the sea and the wind how could any
such message be delivered? And already the steamer was away from the
land, standing out to the lonely plain of waters, and the sound of the
engines had ceased, and the figures on the deck had grown faint and
visionary. But still there was that one speck of white visible; and the
man knew that a pair of eyes that had many a time looked into his
own--as if with a faith that such intercommunion could never be
broken--were now trying, through overflowing and blinding tears, to send
him a last look of farewell.
The gray mists of the rain gathered within their folds the big vessel
and all the beating hearts it contained, and the fluttering of that
little token disappeared with it. All that remained was the sea,
whitened by the rushing of the wind and the thunder of waves on the
beach. The man, who had been gazing so long down into the Southeast,
turned his face landward and set out to walk over a tract of wet grass
and sand toward a road that ran near by. There was a large wagonette of
varnished oak and a pair of small powerful horses waiting for him there;
and having dismissed the boy who had been in charge, he took the reins
and got up. But even yet the fascination of the sea and of that sad
farewell was upon him, and he turned once more, as if, now that sight
could yield him no further tidings, he would send her one more word of
good-by. “My poor little Sheila!” That was all he said; and then he
turned to the horses and sent them on, with his head down to escape the
rain, and a look on his face like that of a dead man.
As he drove through the town of Stornoway the children playing within
the shelter of the cottage doors called to each other in a whisper and
said: “That is the King of Borva.”
But the elderly people said to each other, with a shake of the head, “It
iss a bad day, this day, for Mr. Mackenzie, that he will be going home
to an empty house. And it will be a ferry bad thing for the poor folk of
Borva, and they will know a great difference, now that Miss Sheila iss
gone away, and there is nobody--not anybody at all--left in the island
to tek the side of the poor folk.”
He looked neither to the right nor
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[In the Ode, all dashes were printed as groups of 2-5 hyphens. This
format has been retained. Brackets are in the original unless otherwise
noted.
Joshua Reynolds was knighted in 1769, two years after this work was
published.]
The Augustan Reprint Society
THOMAS MORRISON
_A PINDARICK ODE ON PAINTING_
_Addressed to Joshua Reynolds, Esq._
(1767)
With a preface by
Frederick W. Hilles
and a biographical introduction by
J. T. Kirkwood
Publication Number 37
Los Angeles
William Andrews Clark Memorial Library
University of California
1952
GENERAL EDITORS
H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_
RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_
RALPH COHEN, _University of California, Los Angeles_
VINTON A. DEARING, _University of California, Los Angeles_
ASSISTANT EDITOR
W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_
ADVISORY EDITORS
EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_
BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_
LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_
JOHN BUTT, _King's College, University of Durham_
JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_
ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_
EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_
LOUIS A. LANDA, _Princeton University_
SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_
ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_
JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_
H. T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_
CORRESPONDING SECRETARY
EDNA C. DAVIS, _Clark Memorial Library_
PREFACE
The poem here reprinted has remained unread and, with a single
exception, apparently unnoticed from the day it was published until the
present. It is printed from a copy which I acquired many years ago at a
London bookstore and which for a while I thought unique. I did not find
it listed in the catalogues of the chief libraries of England or
America, nor in the various books on anonymous publications. I have
found no mention of it in the newspapers and magazines of the time, no
mention of it in contemporary letters or diaries. The one man in England
who took the trouble to record the ode for posterity was, as might be
expected, Horace Walpole, who in his manuscript Books of Materials
merely noted that the poem had been published in 176_8_ (_Anecdotes of
Painting... Volume the Fifth_, ed. Hilles and Daghlian, Yale University
Press, 1937). When challenged to locate Walpole's copy of the ode,
the greatest of modern collectors was able, after perhaps forty-five
seconds, to say not only that it was in the Houghton Library at Harvard
but that on the title in Walpole's hand was the information that the
poem was published on the sixteenth of May, a fact which would otherwise
be unknown. A third copy was in the possession of the late Professor
Heidbrink of Northwestern, inscribed in a contemporary hand "T. M.,
M.A." and thus, possibly, the author's own. There are, then, three known
copies extant. Doubtless others will be found, bound up with pamphlets
of the same vintage, as yet uncatalogued.
What Walpole did not know was the name of the author, and quite possibly
the ode would have remained unread and unnoticed for another two
centuries had Mr. Kirkwood not brought to light the letters which are
first published in the introduction that follows. From these letters and
a few known facts the history of the ode seems clear enough. Reynolds
had a number of relatives living in Great Torrington. In the summer of
1762 when he and Dr. Johnson went to Devonshire they were entertained by
Morrison. Johnson's published letters prove that he did not forget
Morrison, and Reynolds was soon painting the portrait of Morrison's
daughter. In the summer of 1766 Morrison sent his ode to Reynolds. The
following January he learned that Johnson, "as severe a Critic as old
Dennis," praised it and ordered it to be published. Reynolds himself
must have arranged for the publication.
The publisher selected was William Griffin, who a few years later was to
bring out some of Sir Joshua's _Discourses_. The work of the printer was
only moderately well done. It will be noted that _whose_ (second line of
stanza V) is obviously a misprint for _whole_,
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PRUFROCK AND OTHER OBSERVATIONS
By T. S. Eliot
To Jean Verdenal 1889-1915
Certain of these poems appeared first in "Poetry" and "Others"
Contents
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
Portrait of a Lady
Preludes
Rhapsody on a Windy Night
Morning at the Window
The Boston Evening Transcript
Aunt Helen
Cousin Nancy
Mr. Apollinax
Hysteria
Conversation Galante
La Figlia Che Piange
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
S'io credesse che mia risposta fosse
A persona che mai tornasse al mondo,
Questa fiamma staria senza piu scosse.
Ma perciocche giammai di questo fondo
Non torno vivo alcun, s'i'odo il vero,
Senza tema d'infamia ti rispondo.
Let us go then, you and I,
When the evening is spread out against the sky
Like a patient etherized upon a table;
Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets,
The muttering retreats
Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels
And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells:
Streets that follow like a tedious argument
Of insidious intent
To lead you to an overwhelming question...
Oh, do not ask, "What is it?"
Let us go and make our visit.
In the room the women come and go
Talking of Michelangelo.
The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes,
The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes,
Licked its tongue into the corners of the evening,
Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains,
Let fall upon its back the soot that falls from chimneys,
Slipped by the terrace, made a sudden leap,
And seeing that it was a soft October night,
Curled once about the house, and fell asleep.
And indeed there will be time
For the yellow smoke that slides along the street,
Rubbing its back upon the window-panes;
There will be time, there will be time
To prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet;
There will be time to murder and create,
And time for all the works and days of hands
That lift and drop a question on your plate;
Time for you and time for me,
And time yet for a hundred indecisions,
And for a hundred visions and revisions,
Before the taking of a toast and tea.
In the room the women come and go
Talking of Michelangelo.
And indeed there will be time
To wonder, "Do I dare?" and, "Do I dare?"
Time to turn back and descend the stair,
With a bald spot in the middle of my hair--
(They will say: "How his hair is growing thin!")
My morning coat, my collar mounting firmly to the chin,
My necktie rich and modest, but asserted by a simple pin--
(They will say: "But how his arms and legs are thin!")
Do I dare
Disturb the universe?
In a minute there is time
For decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse.
For I have known them all already, known them all:
Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,
I have measured out my life with coffee spoons;
I know the voices dying with a dying fall
Beneath the music from a farther room.
So how should I presume?
And I have known the eyes already, known them all--
The eyes that fix you in a formulated phrase,
And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,
When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,
Then how should I begin
To spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways?
And how should I presume?
And I have known the arms already, known them all--
Arms that are braceleted and white and bare
(But in the lamplight, downed with light brown hair!)
Is it perfume from a dress
That makes me so digress?
Arms that lie along a table, or wrap about a shawl.
And should I then presume?
And how should I begin?
* * * *
Shall I say, I have gone at dusk through narrow streets
And watched the smoke that rises from the pipes
Of lonely men in shirt-sleeves, leaning out of windows?...
I should have been a pair of ragged claws
Scuttling across the floors of silent seas.
* * * *
And the afternoon, the evening, sleeps so peacefully!
Smoothed by long fingers,
Asleep... tired... or it malingers,
Stretched on the floor, here beside you and me.
Should I, after tea and cakes and ices,
Have the strength to force the moment to its crisis?
But though I have wept and fasted, wept and prayed,
Though I have seen my head (grown slightly bald) brought in upon a platter,
I am no prophet--and here's no great matter;
I have seen the moment of my greatness flicker,
And I have seen the eternal Footman hold my coat, and snicker,
And in short, I was afraid.
And would it have been worth it, after all,
After the cups, the marmalade, the tea,
Among the porcelain, among some talk of you and me,
Would it have been worth while,
To have bitten off the matter with a smile,
To have squeezed the universe into a ball
To roll it toward some overwhelming question,
To say
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without note. Dialect spellings, contractions and discrepancies have
been retained.
THE HISTORY
OF
SIR RICHARD CALMADY
A Romance
By
Lucas Malet
NEW YORK
Dodd, Mead & Company
1901
_Copyright_, 1901
BY DODD, MEAD & COMPANY
THE CAXTON PRESS
NEW YORK.
CONTENTS
BOOK I
THE CLOWN
CHAP. PAGE
I. Acquainting the Reader with a Fair Domain
and the Maker Thereof 1
II. Giving the Very Earliest Information
Obtainable of the Hero of this Book 7
III. Touching Matters Clerical and Controversial 19
IV. Raising Problems which it is the Purpose
of this History to Resolve 25
V. In which Julius March Beholds the Vision
of the New Life 34
VI. Accident or Destiny, According to Your Humour 44
VII. Mrs. William Ormiston Sacrifices a Wine-glass
to Fate 57
VIII. Enter a Child of Promise 69
IX. In which Katherine Calmady Looks on Her Son 76
X. The Birds of the Air Take Their Breakfast 84
BOOK II
THE BREAKING OF DREAMS
I. Recording some Aspects of a Small Pilgrim's Progress 93
II. In which Our Hero Improves His Acquaintance
with Many Things--Himself Included 104
III. Concerning that which, Thank God, Happens
Almost Every Day 117
IV. Which Smells very Vilely of the Stable 128
V. In which Dickie is Introduced to a Little Dancer
with Blush-roses in Her Hat 140
VI. Dealing with a Physician of the Body and a
Physician of the Soul 149
VII. An Attempt to Make the Best of It 159
VIII. Telling, Incidentally, of a Broken-down Postboy
and a Country Fair 169
BOOK III
LA BELLE DAME SANS MERCI
I. In which Our Hero's World Grows Sensibly Wider 181
II. Telling How Dickie's Soul was Somewhat Sick, and
How He Met Fair Women on the Confines of a Wood 186
III. In which Richard Confirms One Judgment and
Reverses Another 195
IV. Julius March Bears Testimony 203
V. Telling How Queen Mary's Crystal Ball Came to Fall
on the Gallery Floor 215
VI. In which Dickie Tries to Ride Away from His Own
Shadow, with Such Success as Might Have Been
Anticipated 231
VII. Wherein the Reader is Courteously Invited to
Improve His Acquaintance with Certain Persons
of Quality 240
VIII. Richard Puts His Hand to a Plough from which There
is no Turning Back 252
IX. Which Touches Incidentally on Matters of Finance 264
X. Mr. Ludovic Quayle Among the Prophets 280
XI. Containing Samples Both of Earthly and Heavenly Love 289
BOOK IV
A SLIP BETWIXT CUP AND LIP
I. Lady Louisa Barking Traces the Finger of Providence 302
II. Telling How Vanity Fair Made Acquaintance with
Richard Calmady 314
III. In which Katherine Tries to Nail Up the Weather-glass
to Set Fair 324
IV. A Lesson Upon the Eleventh Commandment--"Parents
Obey Your Children" 337
V. Iphigenia 350
VI. In which Honoria St. Quentin Takes the Field 362
VII. Recording the Astonishing Valour Displayed by a
Certain Small Mouse in a Corner 375
VIII. A Manifestation of the Spirit 386
IX. In which Dickie Shakes Hands with the Devil 397
BOOK V
RAKE'S PROGRESS
I. In which the Reader is Courteously Entreated to
Grow Older by the Space of Some Four Years, and
to Sail Southward Ho! Away 417
II. Wherein Time is Discovered to Have Worked Changes 429
III. Helen de Vallorbes Apprehends Vexatious Complications 438
IV. "Mater Admirabilis" 447
V. Exit Camp 455
VI. In which M. Paul Destournelle Has the Bad Taste to
Threaten to Upset the Apple-cart 469
VII. Splend
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ON A TORN-AWAY WORLD
Or
The Captives of the Great Earthquake
BY ROY ROCKWOOD
Other titles by ROY ROCKWOOD
THE GREAT MARVEL SERIES
THROUGH THE AIR TO THE NORTH POLE
UNDER THE OCEAN TO THE SOUTH POLE
FIVE THOUSAND MILES UNDERGROUND
THROUGH SPACE TO MARS
LOST ON THE MOON
ON A TORN-AWAY WORLD
DAVE DASHAWAY, THE YOUNG AVIATOR
DAVE DASHAWAY AND HIS HYDROPLANE
DAVE DASHAWAY AND HIS GIANT AIRSHIP
DAVE DASHAWAY AROUND THE WORLD
THE SPEEDWELL BOYS ON MOTOR CYCLES
THE SPEEDWELL BO
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material from the Google Print project.)
SEASIDE STUDIES
IN
NATURAL HISTORY.
BY
ELIZABETH C. AGASSIZ
AND
ALEXANDER AGASSIZ.
MARINE ANIMALS OF MASSACHUSETTS BAY.
RADIATES.
[Illustration]
BOSTON:
JAMES R. OSGOOD AND COMPANY,
LATE TICKNOR & FIELDS, AND FIELDS, OSGOOD, & CO.
1871.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1865, by
A L E X A N D E R A G A S S I Z,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court
for the District of Massachusetts.
UNIVERSITY PRESS:
WELCH, BIGELOW, AND COMPANY,
CAMBRIDGE.
THIS LITTLE BOOK
IS AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED BY THE AUTHORS TO
PROFESSOR L. AGASSIZ,
WHOSE PRINCIPLES OF CLASSIFICATION HAVE BEEN THE MAIN
GUIDE IN ITS PREPARATION.
* * * * *
PREFACE.
This volume is published with the hope of supplying a want often
expressed for some seaside book of a popular character, describing the
marine animals common to our shores. There are many English books of
this kind; but they relate chiefly to the animals of Great Britain,
and can only have a general bearing on those of our own coast, which
are for the most part specifically different from their European
relatives. While keeping this object in view, an attempt has also been
made to present the facts in such a connection, with reference to
principles of science and to classification, as will give it in some
sort the character of a manual of Natural History, in the hope of
making it useful not only to the general reader, but also to teachers
and to persons desirous of obtaining a more intimate knowledge of the
subjects discussed in it. With this purpose, although nearly all the
illustrations are taken from among the most common inhabitants of our
bay, a few have been added from other localities in order to fill out
this little sketch of Radiates, and render it, as far as is possible
within such limits, a complete picture of the type.
A few words of explanation are necessary with reference to the joint
authorship of the book. The drawings and the investigations, where
they are not referred to other observers, have been made by MR. A.
AGASSIZ, the illustrations having been taken, with very few
exceptions, from nature, in order to represent the animals, as far as
possible, in their natural attitudes; and the text has been written by
MRS. L. AGASSIZ, with the assistance of MR. A. AGASSIZ's notes and
explanations.
CAMBRIDGE, May, 1865.
* * * * *
NOTE.
This second edition is a mere reprint of the first. A few mistakes
accidentally overlooked have been corrected; an explanation of the
abbreviations of the names of writers used after the scientific names
has been added, as well as a list of the wood-cuts. The changes which
have taken place in the opinions of scientific men with regard to the
distribution of animal life in the ocean have been duly noticed in
their appropriate place, but no attempt has been made to incorporate
more important additions which the progress of our knowledge of
Radiates may require hereafter.
CAMBRIDGE, January, 1871.
* * * * *
CONTENTS.
PAGE
ON RADIATES IN GENERAL 1
GENERAL SKETCH OF THE POLYPS 5
ACTINOIDS 7
MADREPORIANS 16
HALCYONOIDS 19
GENERAL SKETCH OF ACALEPHS 21
CTENOPHORAE 26
EMBRYOLOGY OF CTENOPHORAE 34
DISCOPHORAE 37
HYDROIDS 49
MODE OF CATCHING JELLY-FISHES 85
ECHINODERMS 91
HOLOTHURIANS 95
ECHINOIDS 101
STAR-FISHES 108
OPHIURANS 115
CRINOIDS 120
EMBRYOLOGY OF ECHINODERMS 123
DISTRIBUTION OF LIFE IN THE OCEAN 141
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A JOURNALISTS NOTE-BOOK
By Frank Frankfort Moore
Author of “Forbid the Banns,” “Daireen,’” “A Gray Eye or So,” etc.
London: Hutchins On And Co., Paternoster Row
1894
[Illustration: 0001]
[Illustration: 0008]
[Illustration: 0009]
CHAPTER I.--PAST AND PRESENT.
_Odd lots of journalism--Respectability and its relation to
journalism--The abuse of the journal--The laudation of the
journalist--Abuse the consequence of popularity--Popularity the
consequence of abuse--Drain-work and grey hairs--“Don’t neglect
your reading for the sake of reviewing”--Reading for pleasure or
to criticise--Literature--Deterioration--The Civil List Pension--In
exchange for a soul._
SOME years ago there was an auction of wine at a country-house in
Scotland, the late owner of which had taken pains to gain a reputation
for judgment in the matter of wine-selecting. He had all his life been
nearly as intemperate as a temperance orator in his denunciation of
whisky as a drink, hoping to inculcate a taste for vintage clarets upon
the Scots; but he that tells the tale--it is not a new one--says that
the man died without seriously jeopardizing the popularity of the
native manufacture. The wines that he had laid down brought good prices,
however; but, at the close of the sale, several odd lots were “put
up,” and all were bought by a local publican. A gentleman who had been
present called upon the publican a few days afterwards, and found
him engaged in mixing into one
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THE HOMESTEADERS
A NOVEL OF THE CANADIAN WEST
by
Robert J. C. Stead
Author of "Kitchener and Other Poems," "Songs of the Prairie," "The
Cow Puncher," ETC
The Musson Book Company Limited
Publishers Toronto
FIRST PUBLISHED IN 1916.
CONTENTS
PRELUDE
I. THE BECK OF FORTUNE
II. INTO THE WILDERNESS
III. PRAIRIE LAND
IV. ROUGHING IT
V. THE SHORES OF THE INFINITE
VI. IN THE SPELL OF THE MIRAGE
VII. THE CALL OF THE FARTHER WEST
VIII. INTO THE NIGHT
IX. CRUMBLING CASTLES
X. INTO THE FARTHER WEST
XI. THE PRICE OF "SUCCESS"
XII. A WHIFF OF NEW ATMOSPHERE
XIII.
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produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
[Transcriber's Note: Every effort has been made to replicate this
text as faithfully as possible, including obsolete and variant
spellings and other inconsistencies. Text that has been changed to
correct an obvious error is noted at the end of this ebook.]
CROSSING THE PLAINS
DAYS OF '57
A NARRATIVE OF EARLY EMIGRANT TRAVEL
TO CALIFORNIA BY THE
OX-TEAM METHOD
BY
WM. AUDLEY MAXWELL
COPYRIGHT, 1915, BY
WM AUDLEY MAXWELL
SUNSET PUBLISHING HOUSE
SAN FRANCISCO MCMXV
[Illustration: "They started flight" (See page 119.)]
CONTENTS
PAGE
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS VI
FOREWORD VII
CHAPTER I. Forsaking the Old, in Quest of the New. First
Camp. Fording the Platte 1
CHAPTER II. Laramie Fashions and Sioux Etiquette. A Trophy.
Chimney Rock. A Solitary Emigrant. Jests and Jingles 13
CHAPTER III. Lost in the Black Hills. Devil's Gate. Why a
Mountain Sheep Did Not Wink. Green River Ferry 31
CHAPTER IV. Disquieting Rumors of Redmen. Consolidation for
Safety. The Poisonous Humboldt 49
CHAPTER V. The Holloway Massacre 62
CHAPTER VI. Origin of "Piker." Before the Era of Canned Good
and Kodaks. Morning Routine. Typical Bivouac.
Sociability Entrained. The Flooded Camp. Hope Sustains
Patience 76
CHAPTER VII. Tangled by a Tornado. Lost the Pace but Kept the
Cow. Human Oddities. Night Guards. Wolf Serenades.
Awe of the Wilderness. A Stampede 97
CHAPTER VIII. Disaster Overtakes the Wood Family 116
CHAPTER IX. Mysterious Visitors. Extra Sentinels. An Anxious
Night 123
CHAPTER X. Challenge to Battle 133
CHAPTER XI. Sagebrush Justice 144
CHAPTER XII. Night Travel. Arid Wastes to Limpid Waters 160
CHAPTER XIII. Into the Settlements. Halt 170
ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
"They started flight" Frontispiece
"Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11
"Wo-haw-Buck" 14
"From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21
Chimney Rock 22
"One melody that he sang from the heart" 27
"Hauled the delinquent out" 30
"The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38
Bone-writing 57
"With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse
to flee" 67
Jerry Bush, 1914 72
Nancy Holloway, 1857 74
The Author, twenty years after 100
A Coyote Serenade 109
"Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136
"A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146
"'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156
"'Melican man dig gold" 173
Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175
FOREWORD
Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic
and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.
With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents
relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated
mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time
when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than
those encountered in the fifties.
A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are
descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by
ox-team conveyances. For some three-score years the younger
generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of
that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for
a complete and typical narrative.
This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the
drama. The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible
recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of
THE AUTHOR.
W. A. M.,
_Ukiah, California
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ALONZO FITZ
AND OTHER STORIES
by Mark Twain
Contents:
THE LOVES OF ALONZO FITZ CLARENCE AND ROSANNAH ETHELTON
ON THE DECAY OF THE ART OF LYING
ABOUT MAGNANIMOUS-INCIDENT LITERATURE
PUNCH, BROTHERS, PUNCH
THE GREAT REVOLUTION IN PITCAIRN
THE CANVASSER'S TALE
AN ENCOUNTER WITH AN INTERVIEWER
PARIS NOTES
LEGEND OF SAGENFELD, IN GERMANY
SPEECH ON THE BABIES
SPEECH ON THE WEATHER
CONCERNING THE AMERICAN LANGUAGE
ROGERS
THE LOVES OF ALONZO FITZ CLARENCE AND ROSANNAH ETHELTON
It was well along in the forenoon of a bitter winter's day. The town of
Eastport, in the state of Maine, lay buried under a deep snow that was
newly fallen. The customary bustle in the streets was wanting. One
could look long distances down them and see nothing but a dead-white
emptiness, with silence to match. Of course I do not mean that you could
see the silence--no, you could only hear it. The sidewalks were merely
long, deep ditches, with steep snow walls on either side. Here and there
you might hear the faint, far scrape of a wooden shovel, and if you
were quick enough you might catch a glimpse of a distant black figure
stooping and disappearing in one of those ditches, and reappearing the
next moment with a motion which you would know meant the heaving out of
a shovelful of snow. But you needed to be quick, for that black figure
would not linger, but would soon drop that shovel and scud for the
house, thrashing itself with its arms to warm them. Yes, it was too
venomously cold for snow-shovelers or anybody else to stay out long.
Presently the sky darkened; then the wind rose and began to blow in
fitful, vigorous gusts, which sent clouds of powdery snow aloft, and
straight ahead, and everywhere. Under the impulse of one of these gusts,
great white drifts banked themselves like graves across the streets; a
moment later another gust shifted them around the other way, driving a
fine spray of snow from their sharp crests, as the gale drives the spume
flakes from wave-crests at sea; a third gust swept that place as clean
as your hand, if it saw fit. This was fooling, this was play; but each
and all of the gusts dumped some snow into the sidewalk ditches, for
that was business.
Alonzo Fitz Clarence was sitting in his snug and elegant little parlor,
in a lovely blue silk dressing-gown, with cuffs and facings of crimson
satin, elaborately quilted. The remains of his breakfast were before
him, and the dainty and costly little table service added a harmonious
charm to the grace, beauty, and richness of the fixed appointments of
the room. A cheery fire was blazing on the hearth.
A furious gust of wind shook the windows, and a great wave of snow
washed against them with a drenching sound, so to speak. The handsome
young bachelor murmured:
"That means, no going out to-day. Well, I am content. But what to do for
company? Mother is well enough, Aunt Susan is well enough; but these,
like the poor, I have with me always. On so grim a day as this,
one needs a new interest, a fresh element, to whet the dull edge of
captivity. That was very neatly said, but it doesn't mean anything. One
doesn't want the edge of captivity sharpened up, you know, but just the
reverse."
He glanced at his pretty French mantel-clock.
"That clock's wrong again. That clock hardly ever knows what time it
is; and when it does know, it lies about it--which amounts to the same
thing. Alfred!"
There was no answer.
"Alfred!... Good servant, but as uncertain as the clock."
Alonzo touched an electric bell button in the wall. He waited a moment,
then touched it again; waited a few moments more, and said:
"Battery out of order, no doubt. But now that I have started, I will
find out what time it is." He stepped to a speaking-tube in the wall,
blew its whistle, and called, "Mother!" and repeated it twice.
"Well, that's no use. Mother's battery is out of order, too. Can't raise
anybody down-stairs--that is plain."
He sat down at a rosewood desk, leaned his chin on the left-hand edge of
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by The Internet Archive)
[Illustration: CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS]
Statesman Edition VOL. II
Charles Sumner
HIS COMPLETE WORKS
With Introduction
BY
HON. GEORGE FRISBIE HOAR
[Illustration]
BOSTON
LEE AND SHEPARD
MCM
COPYRIGHT, 1900,
BY
LEE AND SHEPARD.
Statesman Edition.
LIMITED TO ONE THOUSAND COPIES.
OF WHICH THIS IS
No. 565
Norwood Press:
NORWOOD, MASS., U.S.A.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
PAGE
WHITE SLAVERY IN THE BARBARY STATES. A Lecture
before the Boston Mercantile Library Association, February
17, 1847 1
RIVAL SYSTEMS OF PRISON DISCIPLINE. Speech before the
Boston Prison Discipline Society, at Tremont Temple,
June 18, 1847 104
THE LATE JOSEPH LEWIS STACKPOLE, ESQ. Article in the
Boston Daily Advertiser, July 23, 1847 151
FAME AND GLORY. Oration before the Literary Societies of
Amherst College, at their Anniversary, August 11, 1847 153
NECESSITY OF POLITICAL ACTION AGAINST THE SLAVE POWER
AND THE EXTENSION OF SLAVERY. Speech in the Whig
State Convention of Massachusetts, at Springfield, September
29, 1847 207
THE LATE HENRY WHEATON. Article in the Boston Daily
Advertiser, March 16, 1848 215
UNION AMONG MEN OF ALL PARTIES AGAINST THE SLAVE
POWER AND THE EXTENSION OF SLAVERY. Speech before
a Mass Convention at Worcester, June 28, 1848 226
THE LAW OF HUMAN PROGRESS. Oration before the Phi
Beta Kappa Society of Union College, Schenectady,
July 25, 1848 241
THE PARTY OF FREEDOM. Speech on taking the Chair as
Presiding Officer of a Public Meeting to ratify the Nominations
of the Buffalo Convention, at Faneuil Hall,
August 22, 1848 291
PARTIES, AND IMPORTANCE OF A FREE-SOIL ORGANIZATION.
Letter addressed to a Committee of the Free-Soil Party
in Boston, October 20, 1848 299
APPEAL FOR THE FREE-SOIL PARTY. Address of the State
Committee to the People of Massachusetts, November 9,
1843 316
A LAST RALLY FOR FREEDOM. Letter to the Chairman of
the Free-Soil Meeting at Faneuil Hall, November 9, 1848 320
WAR SYSTEM OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS. Address
before the American Peace Society, at its Anniversary
Meeting in the Park Street Church, Boston, May 28, 1849 323
WHITE SLAVERY IN THE BARBARY STATES.
A LECTURE BEFORE THE BOSTON MERCANTILE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION,
FEBRUARY 17, 1847.
Mutato nomine, de te
Fabula narratur.--HOR. _Sat._ I. i. 69, 70.
And thinkest thou this, O man, that judgest them which do such
things, and doest the same, that thou shall escape the judgment of
God?--_Rom._ ii. 3.
There are individuals in the United States who hold more of
their fellow-creatures in slavery than either of the Barbary
Powers.--HUMPHREYS, _Valedictory Discourse before the
Cincinnati of Connecticut_, p. 34.
This was another attempt to expose Slavery before a promiscuous
audience at a time when the subject was too delicate to be treated
directly. Mr. Sumner commenced in the course at Boston, and
afterwards gave the substance of his Lecture before many of the
Lyceums of Massachusetts. Professedly historical in character, and
carefully avoiding any discussion of slavery in our country, it
escaped "censure," although jealous defenders of compromise were
disturbed. Others were pleased to find their sentiments against
slavery represented in the lecture-room.
It was easy to see, that, under
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MAORI RELIGION
AND
MYTHOLOGY.
WILLIAM ATKIN, GENERAL PRINTER,
HIGH STREET, AUCKLAND, N.Z.
_Maori Religion_
_and_
_Mythology._
ILLUSTRATED BY TRANSLATIONS OF TRADITIONS,
_KARAKIA_, &c.
TO WHICH ARE ADDED
NOTES ON _MAORI_ TENURE OF LAND.
BY
EDWARD SHORTLAND, M.A., M.R.C.P.,
LATE NATIVE SECRETARY, NEW ZEALAND,
AUTHOR OF
“TRADITIONS AND SUPERSTITIONS OF THE NEW ZEALANDERS.”
LONDON:
LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.
1882.
_All rights reserved._
TO THE MEMORY
OF
SIR WILLIAM MARTIN
THESE PAGES ARE DEDICATED,
THE AFFECTIONATE TRIBUTE
OF
A FRIENDSHIP OF MANY YEARS.
PREFACE.
The Maori MSS. of which translations are now published were collected by
the author many years ago. The persons through whom the MSS. were
obtained are now, with one exception, no longer living. They were all of
them men of good birth, and competent authorities. One who could write
sent me, from time to time, in MS. such information as he himself
possessed, or he could obtain from the _tohunga_, or wise men of his
family. Chapters iii. and iv. contain selections from information
derived from this source.
The others not being sufficiently skilled in writing, it was necessary
to take down their information from dictation. In doing this I
particularly instructed my informant to tell his tale as if he were
relating it to his own people, and to use the same words that he would
use if he were recounting similar tales to them when assembled in a
sacred house. This they are, or perhaps I should rather say were, in the
habit of doing at times of great weather disturbance accompanied with
storm of wind and rain, believing an effect to be thereby produced
quieting the spirits of the sky.
As the dictation went on I was careful never to ask any question, or
otherwise interrupt the thread of the being guided by the sound in
writing any new and strange words. When some time had thus passed, I
stopt him at some suitable part of his tale: then read over to him what
I had written, and made the necessary corrections—taking notes also of
the meanings of words which were new to me. Chapters v. and vi. are with
some omissions translations of a _Maori_ MS. written in this way.
Chapter ii. contains a tradition as to _Maori_ Cosmogony more particular
in some details than I have ever met with elsewhere. My informant had
been educated to become a _tohunga_; but had afterwards become a
professing Christian. The narrative took place at night unknown to any
of his people, and under promise that I would not read what I wrote to
any of his people. When after some years I re-visited New Zealand, I
learnt that he had died soon after I left, and that his death was
attributed to the anger of the _Atua_ of his family due to his having,
as they expressed it, trampled on the _tapu_ by making _noa_ or public
things sacred—he having himself confessed what he no doubt believed to
be the cause of his illness.
In Appendix will be found a list of _Maori_ words expressing
relationship. It will be observed that where we employ definite words
for ‘father’ and ‘brother’ the _Maori_ use words having a more
comprehensive meaning, like our word ‘cousin’: hence when either of the
words _matua_, &c., are used, to ascertain the actual degree of
relationship some additional explanatory words must be added, as would
be necessary when we use the general term cousin.
A short vocabulary of _Maori_ words unavoidably introduced in the
following pages, which require explanation not to be found in any
published dictionary, are also printed in the Appendix,—as well as a few
selected _karakia_ in the original _Maori_, with reference to pages
where their translations appear, as a matter of interest to some
persons.
_Auckland, January, 1882._
CONTENTS.
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
PAGE
_Chap. i._—Primitive Religion and Mythology. Aryans and 1
Polynesians
_Chap. ii._—Maori Cosmogony and Mythology 10
_Chap. iii._—Religious Rites of the Maori 25
_Chap. iv._ „ „ „ 38
_Chap. v._—The Maori Chief of Olden Time 51
_Chap. vi._—Claiming and Naming Land 68
_Chap. vii._—The Maori Land Tenure 88
—————
APPENDIX.
Terms of _Maori_ Relationship 106
Explanation of some _Maori_ words occurring in 107
following pages
Karakia Maori 109
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
ERRATA
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
p. 8 for “Pendora” read “Pandora.”
p. 21 „ “Herekeke” „ “Harakeke.”
p. 11 „ “Whananga” „ “Wananga.”
p. 24 „ „ „ „
p. 28 „ “manumea” „ “Manumea.”
p. 90 „ “and” „ “land.”
p. 96 „ “conquerers” „ “conquerors.”
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
PRIMITIVE RELIGION AND MYTHOLOGY.
CHAPTER I.
ARYANS AND POLYNESIANS.
Νόμιζε σαυτῷ τοὺς γονεῖς εἶναι Θεούς.
The religious feeling may be traced to the natural veneration of the
child for the parent, joined to an innate belief in the immortality of
the soul. What we know of the primitive religion of Aryans and
Polynesians points to this source. They both venerated the spirits of
deceased ancestors, believing that these spirits took an interest in
their living descendants: moreover, they feared them, and were careful
to observe the precepts handed down by tradition, as having been
delivered by them while alive.
The souls of men deified by death were by the Latins called “Lares” or
“Mânes,” by the Greeks “Demons” or “Heroes.” Their tombs were the
temples of these divinities, and bore the inscription “Dîs manibus,”
“Θεοῖς χθονίοις;” and before the tomb was an altar for sacrifice. The
term used by the Greeks and Romans to signify the worship of the dead is
significant. The former used the word “πατριάζειν,” the latter
“parentare,” showing that the prayers were addressed to forefathers. “I
prevail over my enemies,” says the Brahmin, “by the incantations which
my ancestors and my father have handed down to me.”¹
¹ La Cité Antique par De Coulange.
Similar to this was the common belief of the _Maori_ of Polynesia, and
still exists. A _Maori_ of New Zealand writes thus: “The origin of
knowledge of our native customs was from Tiki (the progenitor of the
human race). Tiki taught laws to regulate work, slaying, man-eating:
from him men first learnt to observe laws for this thing, and for that
thing, the rites to be used for the dead, the invocation for the
new-born child, for battle in the field, for the assault of fortified
places, and other invocations very numerous. Tiki was the first
instructor, and from him descended his instructions to our forefathers,
and have abided to the present time. For this reason they have power.
Thus says the song:—
_E tama, tapu-nui, tapu-whakaharahara,_
_He mauri wehewehe na o tupuna,_
_Na Tiki, na Rangi, na Papa._
O child, very sacred—very, very sacred,
Shrine set apart by your ancestors,
By Tiki, by Rangi, by Papa.”
The researches of philologists tend to show that all known languages are
derived from one original parent source. The parent language from which
the Aryan and Polynesian languages are derived must have been spoken at
a very remote time; for no two forms of language are now more diverse
than these two are. In the Polynesian there is but the slightest trace
of inflexion of words which is a general character of Aryan languages.
The Polynesian language seems to have retained a very primitive form,
remaining fixed and stationary; and this is confirmed by the fact that
the forms of Polynesian language, whether spoken in the Sandwich Islands
or in New Zealand, though their remoteness from each other indicates a
very early separation, differ to so small a degree that they may be
regarded as only different dialects of the same language. The _Maori_
language is essentially conservative, containing no principle in its
structure facilitating change. The component parts or roots of words are
always apparent.
When we consider the great remoteness of time at which it is possible
that a connection between Aryans and Polynesians could have existed, we
are carried back to the contemplation of a very primitive condition of
the human race. In the Polynesian family we can still discover traces of
this primitive condition. We can also observe a similarity between the
more antient form of religious belief and mythological tradition of the
Aryans and that still existing among Polynesians; for which reason we
think it allowable to apply to the interpretation of old Aryan myths the
principle we discover to guide us as to the signification of Polynesian
Mythology.
It was a favourite opinion with Christian apologists, Eusebius and
others, that the Pagan deities represented deified men. Others consider
them to signify the powers of external nature personified. For others
they are, in many cases, impersonations of human passions and
propensities reflected back from the mind of man. A fourth mode of
interpretation would treat them as copies distorted and depraved of a
primitive system of religion given by God to man.²
² Juventus mundi, p. 203.
The writer does not give any opinion as to which of these theories he
would give a preference. If, however, we look at the mythology of Greek
and Latin Aryans from the _Maori_ point of view the explanation of their
myths is simple.
This mythology personified and deified the Powers of Nature, and
represented them as the ancestors of all mankind; so these personified
Powers of Nature were worshipped as deified ancestors. There is no
authority for any other supposition. With regard to the two latter
theories above referred to it may be remarked that fiction is always
liable to be interpreted in a manner conformable to the ideas prevailing
at any particular time, so that there would be a natural tendency, in
modern times, to apply meanings never originally thought of to the
interpretation of mythology. Man in early days, ignorant of the causes
of natural phenomena, yet having a mind curious to inquire and trace
observed effects to some cause, formulated his conceptions on imaginary
grounds, which, although now manifestly false and absurd, yet were
probably sufficiently credible in the infancy of knowledge.
There is a notable mental condition of the Polynesian to which we desire
to direct attention. The _Maori_ has a very limited notion of the
abstract. All his ideas take naturally a concrete form. This inaptitude
to conceive any abstract notions was, it is believed, the early mental
condition of man. Hence the Powers of Nature were regarded by him as
concrete objects, and were consequently designated as persons. And this
opinion is confirmed by the fact that the researches of comparative
philologists give proof that all words are, in their origin or roots,
expressive of visible and sensuous phenomena,³ and consequently that all
abstract words are derivable from such roots. The absence, too, of all
abstract and metaphysical ideas from Homer has been noticed by Mr
Gladstone as very remarkable.
³ Max Müller, “Science of Language.” Farrar, “Chapters on Language,”
p. 6.
I have seen it stated in print that the New Zealander has no sentiment
of gratitude; in proof of which it was mentioned that he has no word in
his language to express gratitude. This is true; but the reason is that
gratitude is an abstract word, and that _Maori_ is deficient in abstract
terms. It is an error to infer that he is ignorant of the sentiment of
gratitude, or that he is unable to express that sentiment in appropriate
and intelligible words.
ARYAN MYTHOLOGY.
The Aryans do not appear to have had any tradition of a Creation. They
seem to have conceived of the Powers of Nature very much in the same way
as the _Maori_ did,—namely, that the mysterious power of Generation was
the operative cause of all things.
Hesiod in his Theogony relates that the first parent of all was Chaos.
From Chaos sprang Gaia (=Earth), Tartarus, Eros (=Love), Erebus, a dark
son, Night, a dark daughter, and lastly, Day.
From Gaia alone sprung Ouranos (=Heaven), Hills, Groves, and Thalassa
(=Sea).
From Heaven and Earth sprung Okeanos (=Ocean), Japetus, Kronos
(=Saturn), Titans.
Hesiod also relates how Heaven confined his children in the dark caverns
of Earth, and how Kronos avenged himself.
In the “Works and Days” Hesiod gives an account of the formation of the
first human female out of Earth, from the union of whom, with
Epimetheus, son of the Titan Japetus, sprung the human race.
So far Hesiod’s account may be derived from Aryan myths. The latter and
greater part, however, of Hesiod’s Theogony cannot be accepted as a
purely Aryan tradition; for colonists from Egypt and Phœnicia had
settled in Greece, at an early period, and had brought with them alien
mythical fables which were adopted in a modified form, in addition to
the antient family religion of worship of ancestors.
Herodotus asserts that Homer and Hesiod made the Theogony of the Greeks;
and to a certain extent this may be true, for the bard was then invested
with a kind of sacredness, and what he sung was held to be the effect of
an inspiration. When he invoked the Muses his invocation was not a mere
formal set of words introduced for the sake of ornament, but an act of
homage due to the Divinities addressed, whose aid he solicited.⁴
⁴ Hom. Il., 2-484. Invocat. to Muses:—
Tell me now, O Muses, ye who dwell in Olympus;
For ye are goddesses, and are present, and know all things,
But we hear only rumour, and know not anything.
The traditions prevalent in Bœotia would naturally be strongly imbued
with fables of foreign origin; and Hesiod, who was a Bœotian by birth,
by collecting these local traditions and presenting them to the public
in an attractive form, no doubt contributed, as well as Homer, to
establish a national form of religion, made up of old Aryan tradition
and what had been imported by Phœnician and Egyptian colonists.
Thus Zeus and the
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A Theologico-Political Treatise
Part IV of IV - Chapters XVI to XX
by Baruch Spinoza
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Search strings are shown thus [16:x].
Search forward and back with the same string.
[16:0] CHAPTER XVI - Of the Foundations of a State;
of the Natural and Civil Rights of Individuals;
and of the Rights of the Sovereign Power.
[16:1] In Nature right co-extensive with power.
[16:2] This principle applies to mankind in the state of Nature.
[16:3] How a transition from this state to a civil state is possible.
[16:4] Subjects not slaves.
[16:5] Definition of private civil right - and wrong.
[16:6] Of alliance.
[16:7] Of treason.
[16:8] In what sense sovereigns are bound by Divine law.
[16:9] Civil government not inconsistent with religion.
[17:0] CHAPTER XVII.- It is shown, that no one can or need
transfer all his Rights to the Sovereign Power. Of the
Hebrew Republic, as it was during the lifetime of Moses,
and after his death till the foundation of the Monarchy;
and of its Excellence. Lastly, of the Causes why the
Theocratic Republic fell, and why it could hardly have
continued without Dissension.
[17:1] The absolute theory, of Sovereignty ideal - No one can
in fact transfer all his rights to the Sovereign power.
Evidence of this.
[17:2] The greatest danger in all States from within,
not without.
[17:3] Original independence of the Jews after the Exodus.
[17:4] Changed first to a pure democratic Theocracy.
[17:5] Then to subjection to Moses.
[17:6] Then to a Theocracy with the power divided
between the high priest and the captains.
[17:7] The tribes confederate states.
[17:8] Restraints on the civil power.
[17:9] Restraints on the people.
[17:A] Causes of decay involved in the constitution
of the Levitical priesthood.
[18:0] CHAPTER XVIII.- From the Commonwealth of the Hebrews and
their History certain Lessons are deduced.
[18:1] The Hebrew constitution no longer possible or desirable,
yet lessons may be derived from its history.
[18:2] As the danger of entrusting any authority in politics
to ecclesiastics - the danger of identifying
religion with dogma.
[18:3] The necessity of keeping all judicial power with
the sovereign - the danger of changes in the
form of a State.
[18:4] This last danger illustrated from the history of
England - of Rome.
[18:5] And of Holland.
[19:0] CHAPTER XIX - It is shown that the Right
over Matters Spiritual lies wholly with the
Sovereign, and that the Outward Forms of
Religion should be in accordance with Public
Peace, if we would worship God aright.
[19:1] Difference between external and inward religion.
[19:2] Positive law established only by agreement.
[19:3] Piety furthered by peace and obedience.
[19:4] Position of the Apostles exceptional.
[19:5] Why Christian States, unlike the Hebrew,
suffer from disputes between the civil
and ecclesiastical powers.
[19:6] Absolute power in things spiritual of modern rulers.
[20:0] CHAPTER XX - That in a Free State every man
may Think what he Likes, and Say what he Thinks.
[20:1] The mind not subject to State authority.
[20:2] Therefore in general language should not be.
[20:3] A man who disapproving of a law, submits his adverse opinion
to the judgment of the authorities, while acting in
accordance with the law, deserves well of the State.
[20:4] That liberty of opinion is beneficial, shown from
the history of Amsterdam.
[20:5] Danger to the State of withholding it. -
Submission of the Author to the
judgment of his country's rulers.
[Author's Endnotes] to the Treatise.
[16:0] CHAPTER XVI - OF THE FOUNDATIONS OF A STATE; OF THE
NATURAL AND CIVIL RIGHTS OF INDIVIDUALS; AND OF THE
RIGHTS OF THE SOVEREIGN POWER.
(1) Hitherto our care has been to separate philosophy from theology, and to
show the freedom of thought which such separation insures to both. (2) It is
now time to determine the limits to which such freedom of thought and
discussion may extend itself in the ideal state. (3) For the due
consideration of this question we must examine the foundations of a State,
first turning our attention to the natural rights of individuals,
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Transcriber's Note:
Every effort has been made to replicate this text as faithfully as
possible, including inconsistencies in spelling and hyphenation.
Some changes of spelling have been made. They are listed at the end
of the text.
Italic text has been marked with _underscores_.
OE ligatures have been expanded.
HALF A MAN
THE STATUS OF THE <DW64>
IN NEW YORK
BY
MARY WHITE OVINGTON
_WITH A FOREWORD BY DR. FRANZ BOAS
OF COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY_
LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.
FOURTH AVENUE & 30TH STREET, NEW YORK
LONDON, BOMBAY, AND CALCUTTA
1911
_Copyright, 1911, by_
LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.
THE. PLIMPTON. PRESS
[W. D. O]
NORWOOD. MASS. U. S. A
TO
THE MEMORY OF MY FATHER
THEODORE TWEEDY
OVINGTON
FOREWORD
Miss Ovington's description of the status of the <DW64> in New York City
is based on a most painstaking inquiry into his social and economic
conditions, and brings out in the most forceful way the difficulties
under which the race is laboring, even in the large cosmopolitan
population of New York. It is a refutation of the claims that the <DW64>
has equal opportunity with the whites, and that his failure to advance
more rapidly than he has, is due to innate inability.
Many students of anthropology recognize that no proof can be given of
any material inferiority of the <DW64> race; that without doubt the bulk
of the individuals composing the
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THE
SPREAD EAGLE
AND OTHER STORIES
BY
GOUVERNEUR MORRIS
AUTHOR OF "THE FOOTPRINT, AND OTHER STORIES," ETC.
1910
_TO ELSIE, PATSIE, AND KATE_
_I had thought to sit in the ruler's chair,
But three pretty girls are sitting there--
Elsie, Patsie, and Kate.
I had thought to lord it with eyes of gray,
I had thought to be master, and have_ my _way;
But six blue eyes vote_: nay, nay, nay!
_Elsie, Patsie, and Kate.
Of Petticoats three I am sore afraid,
(Though Kate's is more like a candle-shade),
Elsie, Patsie, and Kate.
And I must confess (with shame) to you
That time there was when Petticoats two
Were enough to govern me through and through,
Elsie, Patsie, and Kate.
Oh Patsie, third of a bullying crew,
And Elsie, and Kate, be it known to you--
To Elsie, Patsie, and Kate,
That Elsie_ alone _was strong enough
To smother a motion, or call a bluff,
Or any small pitiful atom thereof--
Elsie, Patsie, and Kate.
So, though I've renounced that ruler's part
To which I was born (as is writ in my heart),
Elsie, Patsie, and Kate,
Though I do what I'm told (yes, you_ know _I do)
And am made to write stories (and sell them, too).
Still--I wish to God I had more like you,
Elsie, Patsie, and Kate_.
BAR HARBOR, _August_, 1910.
AUTHOR'S NOTE
Certain persons have told me (for nothing) that "White Muscats of
Alexandria" resembles a tale in the Arabian Nights. And so it does.
Most damningly. And this is printed in the hope of saving other
persons postage.
CONTENTS
_The Spread Eagle
Targets
The Boot
The Despoiler
One More Martyr
"Ma'am?"
Mr. Holiday
White Muscats of Alexandria
Without a Lawyer
The "Monitor" and the "Merrimac"
The McTavish
The Parrot
On the Spot; or, The Idler's House-Party_
THE SPREAD EAGLE
In his extreme youth the adulation of all with whom he came in contact
was not a cross to Fitzhugh Williams. It was the fear of expatriation
that darkened his soul. From the age of five to the age of fourteen he
was dragged about Europe by the hair of his head. I use his own
subsequent expression. His father wanted him to be a good American; his
mother wanted him to be a polite American, And to be polite, in her
mind, was to be at home in French and German, to speak English (or
American) with the accent of no particular locality, to know famous
pictures when you saw them, and, if little, to be bosom friends with
little dukes and duchesses and counts of the Empire, to play in the
gravel gardens of St. Germain, to know French history, and to have for
exercise the mild English variations of American games--cricket instead
of base-ball; instead of football, Rugby, or, in winter, lugeing above
Montreux. To luge upon a sled you sit like a timid, sheltered girl, and
hold the ropes in your hand as if you were playing horse, and descend
inclines; whereas, as Fitzhugh Williams well knew, in America rich boys
and poor take their hills head first, lying upon the democratic turn.
It wasn't always Switzerland in winter. Now and again it was Nice or
Cannes. And there you were taught by a canny Scot to hit a golf ball
cunningly from a pinch of sand. But you blushed with shame the while,
for in America at that time golf had not yet become a manly game, the
maker young of men as good as dead, the talk of cabinets But there was
lawn tennis also, which you might play without losing caste "at home,"
Fitzhugh Williams never used that term but with the one meaning. He
would say, for instance, to the little Duchess of Popinjay--or one just
as good--having kissed her to make up for having pushed her into
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CANADIAN NOTABILITIES, VOLUME I
BY JOHN CHARLES DENT
JOSEPH BRANT--THAYENDANEGEA.
Few tasks are more difficult of accomplishment than the overturning of the
ideas and prejudices which have been conceived in our youth, which have
grown up with us to mature age, and which have finally become the settled
convictions of our manhood. The overturning process is none the less
difficult when, as is not seldom the case, those ideas and convictions are
widely at variance with facts. Most of us have grown up with very erroneous
notions respecting the Indian character--notions which have been chiefly
derived from the romances of Cooper and his imitators. We have been
accustomed to regard the aboriginal red man as an incarnation of treachery
and remorseless ferocity, whose favourite recreation is to butcher
defenceless women and children in cold blood. A few of us, led away by the
stock anecdotes in worthless missionary and Sunday School books, have gone
far into the opposite extreme, and have been wont to regard the Indian as
the Noble Savage who never forgets a kindness, who is ever ready to return
good for evil, and who is so absurdly credulous as to look upon the
pale-faces as the natural friends and benefactors of his species. Until
within the last few years, no pen has ventured to write impartially of the
Indian character, and no one has attempted to separate the wheat from the
chaff in the generally received accounts which have come down to us from
our forefathers. The fact is that the Indian is very much what his white
brother has made him. The red man was the original possessor of this
continent, the settlement, of which by Europeans sounded the death-knell
of his sovereignty. The aboriginal could hardly be expected to receive the
intruder with open arms, even if the latter had acted up to his professions
of peace and good-will. It would have argued a spirit of contemptible
abjectness and faintness of heart if the Indian had submitted without a
murmur to the gradual encroachments of the foreigner, even if the latter
had adopted a uniform policy of mildness and conciliation. But the invader
adopted no such policy. Not satisfied with taking forcible possession
of the soil, he took the first steps in that long, sickening course of
treachery and cruelty which has caused the chronicles of the white conquest
in America to be written in characters of blood. The first and most hideous
butcheries were committed by the whites. And if the Indians did not tamely
submit to the yoke sought to be imposed upon their necks, they only acted
as human beings, civilized and uncivilized, have always acted upon like
provocation. Those who have characterized the Indian as inhuman and
fiendish because he put his prisoners to the torture, seem to have
forgotten that the wildest accounts of Indian ferocity pale beside the
undoubtedly true accounts of the horrors of the Spanish Inquisition.
Christian Spain--nay, even Christian England--tortured prisoners with a
diabolical ingenuity which never entered into the heart of a pagan Indian
to conceive. And on this continent, in the seventeenth and eighteenth
centuries, men of English stock performed prodigies of cruelty to which
parallels can be found in the history of the Inquisition alone. For the
terrible records of battle, murder, torture and death, of which the history
of the early settlement of this continent is so largely made up, the white
man and the Christian must be held chiefly responsible. It must, moreover,
be remembered that those records have been written by historians, who have
had every motive for distorting the truth. All the accounts that have
come down to us have been penned by the aggressors themselves, and their
immediate descendants. The Indians have had no chronicler to tell their
version of the story. We all know how much weight should be attached to
a history written by a violent partisan; for instance, a history of the
French Revolution, written by one of the House of Bourbon. The wonder is,
not that the poor Indian should have been blackened and maligned, but that
any attribute of nobleness or humanity should have been accorded to him.
Of all the characters who figure in the dark history of Indian warfare,
few have attained greater notoriety, and none has been more persistently
villified than the subject of this sketch
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DONA PERFECTA
by B. PEREZ GALDOS
Translated from the Spanish by Mary J. Serrano
INTRODUCTION
The very acute and lively Spanish critic who signs himself Clarin, and
is known personally as Don Leopoldo Alas, says the present Spanish novel
has no yesterday, but only a day-before-yesterday. It does not derive
from the romantic novel which immediately preceded that: the novel,
large or little, as it was with Cervantes, Hurtado de Mendoza, Quevedo,
and the masters of picaresque fiction.
Clarin dates its renascence from the political revolution of 1868,
which gave Spanish literature the freedom necessary to the fiction that
studies to reflect modern life, actual ideas, and current aspirations;
and though its authors were few at first, "they have never been
adventurous spirits, friends
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This ebook was transcribed by Les Bowler
[Picture: Book cover]
[Picture: Despatching the wool-packs]
ON THE WALLABY
THROUGH VICTORIA
* * * * *
BY
E. M. CLOWES
* * * * *
ILLUSTRATED
[Picture: Heinemann logo]
LONDON
WILLIAM HEINEMANN
1911
* * * * *
_Copyright_, _London_, _1911_, _by William Heinemann_
* * * * *
INTRODUCTION
This is not supposed to be a national or political history of Victoria.
When I was asked to write something about the country which has extended
its hospitality to me, and given me bread and cheese—sometimes no cheese,
it is true, and more often than not no butter, but still always bread,
and an ever-increasing appetite—I must confess I felt frankly scared.
There is a very good, if somewhat vulgar, expression in use out here,
which speaks of anyone who attempts what is beyond them as “biting off
more than they can chew.” And the thought frightened me. There seemed
to be so many people who had lived all their life in the country, and
were therefore much more capable of writing about it than I could ever
possibly hope to be.
However, I found that other “fools rushed in,” who had been here for even
a shorter period than myself; who had never participated in any way in
the true life of the country, or depended on it for their own life, which
after all teaches one more than anything else ever can about a place. I
may not be an “angel,” I thought, still I know it, which is one point in
my favour; and, after all, eight years can scarcely be described as a
“rush.” Besides, every proverb and popular saying seems to be balanced
by another which is completely contradictory—and while it may be true
that “fools rush in where angels fear to tread,” it is also true “that
lookers-on see most of the game,” and perhaps score somewhat in the
freshness of their impressions and in their facilities for comparison.
As it is I can only write about Victoria as I know it. There are many
mistakes that I may have made through my inability to see all sides of a
question; but they are at least honest mistakes, and not the deliberate
misstatement of facts, from which Australia has so often suffered.
Of course, there are numberless phases of life out here which I have
never even touched: my nose has been too close to the grindstone, while
life has resolved itself for the most part into a mere struggle for
existence. Still, that very struggle has brought me into touch with real
people, and with the many grades of society which are to be found here as
elsewhere, in spite of all the theories of democracy.
I have edited a woman’s fashion paper, of sorts, and was dismissed
because—I confess it—the compositors were quite incapable of reading my
writing. I have written short stories and articles; I have decorated
houses, painted friezes, made blouses for tea-room girls, designed
embroideries for the elect of Toorak, even for the sacred denizens of
Government House. I have housekept, washed, ironed, cooked. Once I made
a garden, drew out the estimates, engaged the men, bought soil and
manure, shrubs and plants, laid out a croquet-lawn, delved, sowed and
planted shrubs which, now threatening to become trees, perhaps represent
the best result of all these years of continuous labour. Palpable
results, I mean, for the other results, the enlarged outlook, the
humanity, the pathos, and the friendship, with which the memory of them
is crammed, form, after all, an asset which is by no means to be
despised.
Still, when I recollect that I have been here for more than eight years;
and that even now less than ten times that number of years has actually
passed since the natives ceded to Batman, for knives, and beads, and
looking-glasses, the present site of Melbourne, and much of the
surrounding country, I am filled with the most abject shame at my own
achievements and unlimited admiration for these people, so often
dismissed by the ignorant at home and abroad as only “colonials,” who
have built up such a town as Melbourne and such a country as Victoria is
to-day.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
INTRODUCTION v
I. EARLY DAYS IN VICTORIA 1
II. SOME FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE
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E-text prepared by the Online Distributed Proofreading Team
(http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made available by
Internet Archive (http://archive.org)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 41409-h.htm or 41409-h.zip:
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Images of the original pages are available through
Internet Archive. See
http://archive.org/details/oldromehandbookt00burn
Transcriber's note:
The original text includes Greek characters that have been
replaced with transliterations in this text version.
OLD ROME:
A Handbook to the Ruins of the City and the Campagna.
by
ROBERT BURN, M.A.,
Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge.
Being an Epitome of His Larger Work 'Rome and the Campagna.'
[Illustration]
London: George Bell and Sons, York Street,
Covent Garden.
Cambridge: Deighton, Bell, & Co.
1880.
[The Right of Translation is reserved.]
London:
Printed by William Clowes and Sons,
Stamford Street and Charing Cross.
PREFACE.
This book is intended to serve as a handbook to the actually-existing
ruins and monuments of ancient Rome and the Campagna. It is divided into
topographical sections for the convenience of travellers visiting Rome,
and the monuments which exist in each section have been briefly described,
and a summary given of their history and archaeological value.
The introductory section contains general remarks upon the site,
monumental history, and architecture of Rome; and in a section prefixed to
Chapter IX. the nature of the soil and configuration of the hills and
valleys of the district surrounding the city
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The Project Gutenberg Etext The Poisoned Pen by, Arthur B. Reeve
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The Poisoned Pen
by Arthur B. Reeve
October, 1999 [Etext #1923]
The Project Gutenberg
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Produced by Sue Asscher
GORGIAS
by Plato
Translated by Benjamin Jowett
INTRODUCTION.
In several of the dialogues of Plato, doubts have arisen among his
interpreters as to which of the various subjects discussed in them
is the main thesis. The speakers have the freedom of conversation; no
severe rules of art restrict them, and sometimes we are inclined to
think, with one of the dramatis personae in the Theaetetus, that the
digressions have the greater interest. Yet in the most irregular of the
dialogues there is also a certain natural growth or unity; the beginning
is not forgotten at the end, and numerous allusions and references are
interspersed, which form the loose connecting links of the whole. We
must not neglect this unity, but neither must we attempt to confine
the Platonic dialogue on the Procrustean bed of a single idea. (Compare
Introduction to the Phaedrus.)
Two tendencies seem to have beset the interpreters of Plato in this
matter. First, they have endeavoured to hang the dialogues upon one
another by the slightest threads; and have thus been led to opposite and
contradictory assertions respecting their order and sequence. The mantle
of Schleiermacher has descended upon his successors, who have applied
his method with the most various results. The value and use of the
method has been hardly, if at all, examined either by him or them.
Secondly, they have extended almost indefinitely the scope of each
separate dialogue; in this way they think that they have escaped all
difficulties, not seeing that what they have gained in generality they
have lost in truth and distinctness. Metaphysical conceptions easily
pass into one another; and the simpler notions of antiquity, which
we can only realize by an effort, imperceptibly blend with the more
familiar theories of modern philosophers. An eye for proportion is
needed (his own art of measuring) in the study of Plato, as well as of
other great artists. We may hardly admit that the moral antithesis
of good and pleasure, or the intellectual antithesis of knowledge
and opinion, being and appearance, are never far off in a Platonic
discussion. But because they are in the background, we should not bring
them into the foreground, or expect to discern them equally in all the
dialogues.
There may be some advantage in drawing out a little the main outlines
of the building; but the use of this is limited, and may be easily
exaggerated. We may give Plato too much system, and alter the natural
form and connection of his thoughts. Under the idea that his dialogues
are finished works of art, we may find a reason for everything, and lose
the highest characteristic of art, which is simplicity. Most great works
receive a new light from a new and original mind. But whether these new
lights are true or only suggestive, will depend on their agreement with
the spirit of Plato, and the amount of direct evidence which can
be urged in support of them. When a theory is running away with
us, criticism does a friendly office in counselling moderation, and
recalling us to the indications of the text.
Like the Phaedrus, the Gorgias has puzzled students of Plato by the
appearance of two or more subjects. Under the cover of rhetoric higher
themes are introduced; the argument expands into a general view of the
good and evil of man. After making an ineffectual attempt to obtain a
sound definition of his art from Gorgias, Socrates assumes the
existence of a universal art of flattery or simulation having several
branches:--this is the genus of which rhetoric is only one, and not the
highest species. To flattery is opposed the true and noble art of life
which he who possesses seeks always to impart to others, and which at
last triumphs, if not here, at any rate in another world. These two
aspects of life and knowledge appear to be the two leading ideas of
the dialogue. The true and the false in individuals and states, in the
treatment of the soul as well as of the body, are conceived under the
forms of true and false art. In the development of this opposition
there arise various other questions, such as the two famous paradoxes of
Socrates (paradoxes as they are to the world in general, ideals as they
may be more worthily called): (1) that to do is worse than to suffer
evil; and (2) that when a man has done evil he had better be punished
than unpunished; to which may be added (3) a third Socratic paradox or
ideal, that bad men do what they think best, but not what they desire,
for the desire of all is towards the good. That pleasure is to be
distinguished from good is proved by the simultaneousness of pleasure
and pain, and by the possibility of the bad having in certain cases
pleasures as great as those of the good, or even greater. Not merely
rhetoricians, but poets, musicians, and other artists, the whole tribe
of statesmen, past as well as present, are included in the class of
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Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (Images Courtesy
of Cornell University Law Library, Trial Pamphlets
Collection)
LIFE AND CONFESSION
OF
SOPHIA HAMILTON,
WHO WAS
TRIED, CONDEMNED AND SENTENCED TO BE
HUNG,
AT MONTREAL, L. C. ON THE 4TH OF AUGUST, 1845,
FOR THE
PERPETRATION OF THE MOST SHOCKING MURDERS AND DARING
ROBBERIES PERHAPS RECORDED IN THE ANNALS
OF CRIME.
[Illustration]
CAREFULLY SELECTED BY THE AUTHOR,
WILLIAM H. JACKSON.
MONTREAL, L. C.
PRINTED FOR THE PUBLISHER
1845.
[Illustration: THE ROAD OBSTRUCTED, AND THE TRAVELLERS MURDERED.
p. 12.]
LIFE AND CONFESSION OF SOPHIA HAMILTON.
It has probably never fallen to the lot of man to record a list of more
cruel, heart-rending, atrocious, cold-blooded murders and daring
robberies than have been perpetrated by the subjects of this narrative,
and that too in the midst of a highly civilized and Christian community;
deeds too, which, for the depravity of every human feeling, seem
scarcely to have found a parallel in the annals of crime. And it seems
doubly shocking and atrocious when we find them perpetrated by one of
the female sex, which sex has always and in all countries been esteemed
as having a higher regard for virtue, and far greater aversion to acts
of barbarity, even in the most vitiated, than is generally found in men
of the same class. We may truly say that the annals of history have
never unfolded to the world a greater instance of human depravity and
utter disregard of every virtuous feeling which should inhabit the human
breast, than the one it becomes our painful duty to lay before our
readers in the account of Sophia Hamilton, the subject of this very
interesting narrative. We deem it not unimportant to give a brief
account of her parentage, in order that our numerous readers may see the
source from which she sprung; as also the inestimable and intrinsic
value of a moral education in youth, which is a gem of imperishable
value, the loss of which many have had to deplore when perhaps too
late. The public may depend on the authenticity of the facts here
related, as it is from no less a source than a schoolmate of her
ill-fated father. The author has spared no exertions to collect every
minute and important particular relating to her extraordinary, though
unfortunate career.
Richard Jones, the father of the principal subject of this narrative was
the only son of a wealthy nobleman residing in Bristol, England; he had
in the early part of his life received a classical education. But in
consequence of the death of his mother, he of course got an uncontrolled
career, which continued too long, until at length he became a disgust to
his kind and loving father, whose admonitions he disregarded and whose
precepts he trampled upon. At the age of twenty-four, he was a perfect
sot, regardless of the kind counsel of his relatives; and at length his
character became so disreputable that he was accused of almost every
outrage perpetrated in the neighbourhood in which he belonged. This
preyed so much upon his aged father that he became ill, and it is
thought by many shortened his life. Richard had then attained the age of
twenty-five, and seemed so deeply afflicted by the death of his father,
that he promised amendment of conduct, so that his uncle took him as
partner at the druggist business; but this was to no effect, for in a
short time he sought every species of vice and wickedness, which the
depravity of human nature could suggest. His uncle and he dissolved, and
as he had considerable of the money that his father bequeathed to him,
he soon found company to suit his purpose, and became enamored of a
woman of low character, who succeeded in making a union with him, and
after spending considerable of the money, and seeing the funds likely to
be exhausted, immediately scraped up their effects, as she possessed a
little property of her own. They then resolved like many others, to
emigrate, finding that they could not live in their native country.
They embarked on board a ship bound for St. John, N. B. in the year
1811; remained a short time in the city, when they moved up the St. John
river and settled down between Frederickton and Woodstock, where he
learned the farming business, and in the course of a little time
accumulated means, which enabled him to keep a country store; and as the
neighborhood in which he lived was a new settlement, property began to
rise, and he commenced speculating in public lands. As he had a good
education and bright intellect, he was soon looked upon as a leading man
in the neighborhood, and it was thought profitable as well as necessary
to establish a tavern in the vicinity, which was strongly recommended by
many lumber merchants; and Jones, being considered to be the best
adapted for the business, accepted the offer. He at this time was of
course prosperous, as he had the whole monopoly and an unbounded
concourse of travellers stopping at his house; but an avaricious desire
seized him and he at once became fearless, and his first step was to
commence smuggling between Frederickton and Calais, Me., which business
he carried on for a considerable time unmolested. While things were
going on in this style, it so happened that an old acquaintance, whose
name was Thomas Murdock, moved from St. John and settled in the same
neighborhood in which Jones resided. The acquaintance was soon renewed,
though not much to the satisfaction of Jones, as he knew Murdock to be a
man of honesty, and it was on this ground and the fear of detection and
exposure that Jones dreaded his old acquaintance, for Murdock was yet
entirely
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BERKSHIRES***
E-text prepared by Roger Frank and the Project Gutenberg Online
Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
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THE AUTOMOBILE GIRLS IN THE BERKSHIRES
Or
The Ghost of Lost Man's Trail
by
LAURA DENT CRANE
Author of The Automobile Girls at Newport, The Automobile
Girls Along the Hudson, Etc., Etc.
Illustrated
[Illustration: The Splash Descended on Unsuspecting Bab. _Frontispiece._]
Philadelphia
Henry Altemus Company
Copyright, 1910, by Howard E. Altemus
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
I. The Reunion 7
II. New Light on Old Papers 20
III. Happiness, and Another Scheme 28
IV. In the Heart of the Berkshires 45
V. A Day in the Woods 58
VI. "The Great White Also" 66
VII. Mollie Follows the Trail 76
VIII. End of the Search 90
IX. Spirit of the Forest 95
X. A Knock at the Door 107
XI. The <DW53> Hunt 120
XII. The Wounded Bird 128
XIII. The Wigwam 135
XIV. Give Way to Miss Sallie! 144
XV. Society in Lenox 152
XVI. At the Ambassador's 166
XVII. A Visit to Eunice 181
XVIII. Plans for the Society Circus 190
XIX. The Old Gray Goose 198
XX. Barbara and Beauty 206
XXI. Eunice and Mr. Winthrop Latham 215
XXII. The Automobile Wins 230
XXIII. The Recognition 240
XXIV. What to Do with Eunice 251
The Automobile Girls in the
Berkshires
CHAPTER I
THE REUNION
"Mollie Thurston, we are lost!" cried Barbara dramatically.
The two sisters were in the depth of a New Jersey woods one afternoon in
early September.
"Well, what if we are!" laughed Mollie, leaning over to add a cluster of
wild asters to her great bunch of golden rod. "We have two hours ahead of
us. Surely such clever woodsmen as we are can find our way out of woods
which are but a few miles from home. Suppose we should explore a real
forest some day. Wouldn't it be too heavenly! Come on, lazy Barbara! We
shall reach a clearing in a few moments."
"You lack sympathy, Miss Mollie Thurston; that's your trouble."
Barbara was laughing, yet she anxiously scanned the marshy ground as she
picked her way along.
"I wouldn't mind being lost in these woods a bit more than you do, if I
were not so horribly afraid of snakes. Oh, my! this place looks full of
'em."
"They are not poisonous, Bab, or I might be more sympathetic," said
Mollie reassuringly. "The snakes in these woods are harmless. How can a
girl as brave as you are be such a goose about a poor, wriggly little
'sarpint,' that couldn't harm you if it tried."
"O-o-o!" shivered Bab. "One's own pet fear has nothing to do with sense
or nonsense. Kindly remember your own feelings toward the timid mouse!
Just the same, I should like to play 'Maid Marian' for a while and dwell
in the heart of a woodland glen. If ever I have a chance to go on a
camping trip, I shall get rid of my fear of snakes, somehow."
"Bab," said Mollie, after a moment's pause, "hasn't it been dreadfully
dull since Ruth and her father went away? Do you think they will ever
come back? I can hardly believe it has been only three weeks since they
left Kingsbridge, and only six weeks since we came back from Newport.
Anyhow I am glad Grace Carter is home again from her visit to her
brother."
"Cheer up, Mollie, do!" encouraged Bab. "Ruth has promised to pay us a
visit before she goes home to Chicago, and she is a girl of her word, as
you and I well know. I am expecting a letter from her every day."
"Well," Mollie ejaculated in heart-felt tones, "I know
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JACK
By Alphonse Daudet
Translated by Mary Neal Sherwood
From The Fortieth Thousand, French Edition.
Estes And Lauriat, 1877
JACK
CHAPTER I.~~VAURIGARD.
"With a _k_, sir; with a _k_. The name is written and pronounced as
in English. The child's godfather was English. A major-general in the
Indian army. Lord Pembroke. You know him, perhaps? A man of distinction
and of the highest connections. But--you understand--M. l'Abbe! How
deliciously he danced! He died a frightful death at Singapore some years
since, in a tiger-chase organized in his honor by a rajah, one of his
friends. These rajahs, it seems, are absolute monarchs in their own
country,--and one especially is very celebrated. What is his name? Wait
a moment. Ah! I have it. Rana-Ramah."
"Pardon me, madame," interrupted the abbe, smiling, in spite of himself,
at the rapid flow of words, and at the swift change of ideas. "After
Jack, what name?"
With his elbow on his desk, and his head slightly bent, the priest
examined from out the corners of eyes bright with ecclesiastical
shrewdness, the young woman who sat before him, with her Jack standing
at her side.
The lady was faultlessly dressed in the fashion of the day and the hour.
It was December, 1858. The richness of her furs, the lustrous folds of
her black costume, and the discreet originality of her hat, all told the
story of a woman who owns her carriage, and who steps from her carpets
to her coupe without the vulgar contact of the streets. Her head was
small, which always lends height to a woman. Her pretty face had all the
bloom of fresh fruit. Smiling and gay, additional vivacity was imparted
by large, clear eyes and brilliant teeth, which were to be seen even
when her face was in repose. The mobility of her countenance was
extraordinary. Either this, or the lips half parted as if about to
speak, or the narrow brow,--something there was, at all events, that
indicated an absence of reflective powers, a lack of culture, and
possibly explained the blanks in the conversation of this pretty woman;
blanks that reminded one of those little Japanese baskets fitting one
into another, the last of which is always empty.
As to the child, picture to yourself an emaciated boy of seven or eight,
who had evidently outgrown his strength. He was dressed as English boys
are dressed, and as befitted his name spelled with a _k_. His legs
were bare, and he wore a Scotch cap and a plaid. The costume was in
accordance with his years, but not with his long neck and slim figure.
He seemed embarrassed by it himself, for, awkward and timid, he
would occasionally glance at his half-frozen legs with a despairing
expression, as if he cursed within his soul Lord Pembroke and the whole
Indian army.
Physically, he resembled his mother, with a look of higher breeding,
and with the transformation of a pretty woman's face to that of an
intelligent man. There were the same eyes, but deeper in color and in
meaning; the same brow, but wider; the same mouth, but the lips were
firmly closed.
Over the woman's face, ideas and impressions glided without leaving a
furrow or a trace; in fact, so hastily, that her eyes always seemed to
retain a certain astonishment at their flight. With the child, on the
contrary, one felt that impressions remained, and his thoughtful air
would have been almost painful, had it not been combined with a certain
caressing indolence of attitude that indicated a petted child.
Now leaning against his mother, with one hand in her muff, he listened
to her words with adoring attention, and occasionally looked at the
priest and at all the surroundings with timid curiosity. He had promised
not to cry, but a stifled sob shook him at times from head to foot.
Then his mother looked at him, and seemed to say, "You know what you
promised." Then the child choked back his tears and sobs; but it
was easy to see that he was a prey to that first agony of exile and
abandonment which the first boarding-school inflicts on those children
who have lived only in their homes.
This examination of mother and child, made by the priest in two or
three minutes, would have satisfied a superficial observer; but
Father O------, who had been the director for twenty-five years of the
aristocratic institution of the Jesuits at Vaurigard, was a man of the
world, and knew too well the best Parisian society, all its
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Transcriber's note:
In 1834, at age 19, Anthony Trollope became a junior clerk
in the British postal service. He did not get on well with
his superiors, and his career looked like a dead end. In
1841 he accepted an assignment in Ireland as an inspector,
remaining there for ten years. It was there that his civil
service career began to flourish. It was there, also, that
he began writing novels.
Several of Trollope's early novels were set in Ireland,
including _The Macdermots of Ballycloran_, his first
published novel, and _Castle Richmond_. Readers of those
early Irish novels can easily perceive Trollope's great
affection for and sympathy with the Irish people,
especially the poor.
In 1882 Ireland was in the midst of great troubles,
including boycotts and the near breakdown of law and
order. In May of that year Lord Frederick Cavendish, the
newly-appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, and Thomas
Burke, a prominent civil servant, were assassinated in
Dublin. The news stirred Trollope, despite his poor
health, to travel to Ireland to see for himself the state
of things. Upon his return to England he began writing
_The Landleaguers_. He made a second journey to Ireland
in August, 1882, to seek more material for his book. He
returned to England exhausted, but he continued writing.
He had almost completed the book when he suffered a stroke
on November 3, 1882. He never recovered, and he died on
December 6.
Trollope's second son,
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THE
NURSERY
_A Monthly Magazine_
FOR YOUNGEST READERS.
VOLUME XXIX.--No. 2.
BOSTON:
THE NURSERY PUBLISHING COMPANY,
NO. 36 BROMFIELD STREET.
1881.
Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1881, by
THE NURSERY PUBLISHING COMPANY,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.
[Illustration: JOHN WILSON
& SON.
UNIVERSITY PRESS.]
[Illustration: Contents.]
IN PROSE.
PAGE
Almost ready for Launching 33
Louis's new Plant 36
"One-old-cat"
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CASTES AND TRIBES
OF
SOUTHERN INDIA
By
EDGAR THURSTON, C.I.E.,
Superintendent, Madras Government Museum; Correspondant Etranger,
Societe d'Anthropologie de Paris; Socio Corrispondante, Societa,
Romana di Anthropologia.
Assisted by
K. Rangachari, M.A.,
of the Madras Government Museum.
Volume V--M to P
Government Press, Madras
1909.
CASTES AND TRIBES OF SOUTHERN INDIA.
VOLUME V.
MARAKKAYAR.--The Marakkayars are described, in the Madras Census
Report, 1901, as "a Tamil-speaking Musalman tribe of mixed Hindu and
Musalman origin, the people of which are usually traders. They seem
to be distinct from the Labbais (q.v.) in several respects, but the
statistics of the two have apparently been confused, as the numbers
of the Marakkayars are smaller than they should be." Concerning
the Marakkayars of the South Arcot district, Mr. Francis writes as
follows. [1] "The Marakkayars are largely big traders with other
countries such as Ceylon and the Straits Settlements, and own most
of the native coasting craft. They are particularly numerous in
Porto Novo. The word Marakkayar is usually derived from the Arabic
markab, a boat. The story goes that, when the first immigrants of this
class (who, like the Labbais, were driven from their own country by
persecutions) landed on the Indian shore, they were naturally asked
who they were, and whence they came. In answer they pointed to their
boats, and pronounced the word markab, and they became in consequence
known to the Hindus as Marakkayars, or the people of markab. The
Musalmans of pure descent hold themselves to be socially superior to
the Marakkaayars, and the Marakkayars consider themselves better than
the Labbais. There is, of course, no religious bar to intermarriages
between these different sub-divisions, but such unions are rare,
and are usually only brought about by the offer of strong financial
inducements to the socially superior party. Generally speaking, the
pure-bred Musalmans differ from those of mixed descent by dressing
themselves and their women in the strict Musalman fashion, and by
speaking Hindustani at home among themselves. Some of the Marakkayars
are now following their example in both these matters, but most of
them affect the high hat of plaited grass and the tartan
(kambayam) waist-cloth. The Labbais also very generally wear these,
and so are not always readily distinguishable from the Marakkayars,
but some of them use the Hindu turban and waist-cloth, and let their
womankind dress almost exactly like Hindu women. In the same way, some
Labbais insist on the use of Hindustani in their houses, while others
speak Tamil. There seems to be a growing dislike to the introduction of
Hindu rites into domestic ceremonies, and the processions and music,
which were once common at marriages, are slowly giving place to a
simpler ritual more in resemblance with the nikka ceremony of the
Musalman faith."
Of 13,712 inhabitants of Porto Novo returned at the census, 1901,
as many as 3,805 were Muhammadans. "The ordinary vernacular name
of the town is Farangipettai or European town, but the Musalmans
call it Muhammad Bandar (Port). The interest of the majority of
the inhabitants centres in matters connected with the sea. A large
proportion of them earn their living either as owners of, or sailors
in, the boats which ply between the place and Ceylon and other parts,
and it is significant that the most popular of the unusually large
number of Musalman saints who are buried in the town is one Malumiyar,
who was apparently in his lifetime a notable sea-captain. His fame as
a sailor has been magnified into the miraculous, and it is declared
that he owned ten or a dozen ships, and used to appear in command of
all of them simultaneously. He has now the reputation of being able to
deliver from danger those who go down to the sea
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LIBRARY ESSAYS
PAPERS RELATED TO THE WORK OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES
LIBRARY ESSAYS
PAPERS RELATED TO THE WORK
OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES
ARTHUR E. BOSTWICK, PH. D.
THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY
NEW YORK
1920
PREFACE
The author of these papers began his service in librarianship in April,
1895. He celebrates his silver jubilee by gathering them into a single
volume. Before becoming a librarian he had worked for many years as
teacher, editor and journalist, and the use of the pen having become
second nature, he took it up in behalf of libraries and librarians,
somewhat sooner, perhaps, than experience would warrant. However, the
papers reflect to a certain extent the progress of library work during
the past quarter century.
A. E. B.
CONTENTS
PAINS AND PENALTIES IN LIBRARY WORK 3
Read at the Magnolia Conference of the
American Library Association, June, 1902.
(_A. L. A. Proceedings_, 1902, p. 29-34)
HOW LIBRARIANS CHOOSE BOOKS 17
(_Public Libraries_, April, 1903, p. 137-41)
THE WORK OF THE SMALL PUBLIC LIBRARY 29
(_Library Journal_, August, 1903, p. 596-600)
LAY CONTROL IN LIBRARIES AND ELSEWHERE 39
Read before the Trustees’ Section of the
American Library Association, at the Niagara
Conference. (_A. L. A. Proceedings_, 1903,
p. 199-202)
THE WHOLE DUTY OF A LIBRARY TRUSTEE: FROM
A LIBRARIAN’S STANDPOINT 49
An address before the Trustees’ Section of
the American Library Association (_A. L. A.
Proceedings_, 1906, p. 40-4)
THE DAY’S WORK: SOME CONDITIONS AND SOME
IDEALS 59
Presidential address before the New York Library
Association, Lake Placid, September
21, 1903. (_Library Journal_, October, 1903,
p. 704-7)
LIBRARY STATISTICS 69
(_Library Journal_, January, 1904, p. 5-8)
OLD PROBABILITIES IN THE LIBRARY--HIS
MODEST VATICINATIONS 79
Read before the Pennsylvania Library Club,
Philadelphia, May 9, 1904. (_Library Journal_,
October, 1904, p. 517-23)
THE LOVE OF BOOKS AS A BASIS FOR LIBRARIANSHIP 97
Read before the New York Library Association,
Twilight Park, September, 1906. (_Library
Journal_, February, 1907, p. 51-5)
THE LIBRARY AS THE EDUCATIONAL CENTER OF A TOWN 111
(_Public Libraries_, May, 1907, p. 171-4)
THE LIBRARIAN AS A CENSOR 121
Presidential address before the American Library
Association, Lake Minnetonka Conference,
June, 1908. (_Library Journal_, July,
1908, p. 257-64)
HOW TO RAISE THE STANDARD OF BOOK SELECTION 141
Read at the meeting of the Library commissions
of the New England States, Hartford,
Conn., February 11, 1909. (_Public Libraries_,
May, 1909, p. 163-7)
LIBRARY CIRCULATION AT LONG RANGE 221
(_Library Journal_, July, 1913, p. 391-4)
CONFLICTS OF JURISDICTION IN LIBRARY SYSTEMS 231
Read before the round table of branch librarians
at the Washington conference, May 28,
1914. (_Library Journal_, August, 1914,
p. 588-91)
THREE KINDS OF LIBRARIANS 241
Read before the Missouri Library Association,
Sedalia, November 18, 1914. (_Public
Libraries_, January, 1915, p. 1-4; February,
1915, p. 47-50)
SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND MENTAL TRAINING 255
(_School Review_, June, 1915, p. 395-405)
THE LIBRARY AND THE BUSINESS MAN 269
A luncheon address to the Advertising Club
of St. Louis. (_Library Journal_, April, 1917,
p. 259-64)
SYSTEM IN THE LIBRARY 153
Read before the Missouri State Library Association,
Columbia, Mo., October 28, 1909.
(_Library Journal_, November, 1909, p. 476-82)
THE EXPLOITATION OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY 171
Address before the
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THE
SALEM WITCHCRAFT,
The Planchette Mystery,
AND
MODERN SPIRITUALISM,
WITH
DR. DODDRIDGE'S DREAM.
HISTORY
OF
SALEM WITCHCRAFT:
A REVIEW
OF
CHARLES W. UPHAM'S GREAT WORK.
FROM THE "EDINBURGH REVIEW."
With Notes,
BY THE EDITOR OF "THE PHRENOLOGICAL JOURNAL."
NEW YORK:
FOWLER & WELLS CO., PUBLISHERS,
753 BROADWAY.
1886.
BIGOTRY. Obstinate or blind attachment to a particular creed;
unreasonable zeal or warmth in favor of a party, sect, or opinion;
excessive prejudice. The practice or tenet of a bigot.
PREJUDICE. An opinion or decision of mind, formed without due
examination of the facts or arguments which are necessary to a just and
impartial determination. A previous bent or inclination of mind for or
against any person or thing. Injury or wrong of any kind; as to act to
the _prejudice_ of another.
SUPERSTITION. Excessive exactness or rigor in religious opinions or
practice; excess or extravagance in religion; the doing of things not
required by God, or abstaining from things not forbidden; or the
belief of what is absurd, or belief without evidence. False religion;
false worship. Rite or practice proceeding from excess of scruples in
religion. Excessive nicety; scrupulous exactness. Belief in the direct
agency of superior powers in certain extraordinary or singular events,
or in omens and prognostics.--_Webster._
INTRODUCTION.
The object in reprinting this most interesting review is simply to show
the progress made in moral, intellectual, and physical science. The
reader will go back with us to a time--not very remote--when nothing was
known of Phrenology and Psychology; when men and women were persecuted,
and even put to death, through the baldest ignorance and the most
pitiable superstition. If we were to go back still farther, to the Holy
Wars, we should find cities and nations drenched in human blood through
religious bigotry and intolerance. Let us thank God that our lot is
cast in a more fortunate age, when the light of revelation, rightly
interpreted by the aid of SCIENCE, points to the Source of all
knowledge, all truth, all light.
When we know more of Anatomy, Physiology, Physiognomy, and the Natural
Sciences generally, there will be a spirit of broader liberality,
religious tolerance, and individual freedom. Then all men will hold
themselves accountable to God, rather than to popes, priests, or
parsons. Our progenitors lived in a time that tried men's souls, as
the following lucid review most painfully shows.
S. R. W.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
The Place 7
The Salemite of Forty Years Ago 8
How the Subject was opened 9
Careful Historiography 10
The Actors in the Tragedy 12
Philosophy of the Delusion 12
Character of the Early Settlement 13
First Causes 15
Death of the Patriarch 16
Growth of Witchcraft 17
Trouble in the Church 18
Rev. Mr. Burroughs 19
Deodat Lawson 20
Parris--a Malignant 20
A Protean Devil 21
State of Physiology 22
William Penn as a Precedent 22
Phenomena of Witchcraft 23
Parris and his Circle 25
The Inquisitions--Sarah Good 26
A Child Witch 27
The Towne Sisters 28
Depositions of Parris and his Tools 31
Goody Nurse's Excommunication 35
Mary Easty 36
Mrs. Cloyse 38
The Proctor Family 40
The Jacobs Family 41
Giles and Martha Corey 42
Decline of the Delusion 44
The Physio-Psychological Causes of the Trouble 45
The Last of Parris 47
"One of the Afflicted"--Her Confession 49
The
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THE BROCHURE SERIES
Japanese Gardens
FEBRUARY, 1900
[Illustration: PLATE XI DAIMIO'S GARDEN AT SHINJIKU]
THE
BROCHURE SERIES
OF ARCHITECTURAL ILLUSTRATION.
1900. FEBRUARY No. 2.
JAPANESE GARDENS.
The Japanese garden is not a flower garden, neither is it made for
the purpose of cultivating plants. In nine cases out of ten there
is nothing in it resembling a flower-bed. Some gardens may contain
scarcely a sprig of green; some (although these are exceptional) have
nothing green at all and consist entirely of rocks, pebbles and sand.
Neither does the Japanese garden require any fixed allowance of space;
it may cover one or many acres, it may be only ten feet square; it
may, in extreme cases, be much less, and be contained in a curiously
shaped, shallow, carved box set in a veranda, in which are created tiny
hills, microscopic ponds and rivulets spanned by tiny humped bridges,
while queer wee plants represent trees, and curiously formed pebbles
stand for rocks. But on whatever scale, all true Japanese gardening is
landscape gardening; that is to say, it is a living model of an actual
Japanese landscape.
But, though modelled upon an actual landscape, the Japanese garden
is far more than a mere naturalistic imitation. To the artist every
natural view may be said to convey, in its varying aspects, some
particular mental impression or mood, such as the impression of
peacefulness, of wildness, of solitude, or of des
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THE HONORABLE MISS MOONLIGHT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Illustration: Frontispiece]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE
HONORABLE
MISS MOONLIGHT
BY
ONOTO WATANNA
AUTHOR OF
“A JAPANESE NIGHTINGALE”
“TAMA” ETC.
[Illustration: Publisher’s Logo]
HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK AND LONDON
M C M X I I
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOOKS BY
ONOTO WATANNA
THE HONORABLE MISS MOONLIGHT. Post
8vo net
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THE CANDY MAKER'S GUIDE
A COLLECTION OF
CHOICE RECIPES FOR SUGAR BOILING
COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY
THE FLETCHER MNF'G. CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF
Confectioners' and Candy Makers' Tools and Machines
TEA AND COFFEE URNS
BAKERS' CONFECTIONERS AND HOTEL SUPPLIES
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN
PURE FRUIT JUICES,
FLAVORING EXTRACTS,
FRUIT OILS,
ESSENTIAL OILS,
MALT EXTRACT,
XXXX GLUCOSE, ETC.
[Illustration]
Prize Medal and Diploma awarded at Toronto Industrial Exhibition
1894, for General Excellence in Style and Finish of our goods.
440-442 YONGE ST.,--TORONTO, CAN.
TORONTO
J JOHNSTON PRINTER & STATIONER 105 CHURCH ST
1896
FLETCHER MNF'G. CO.
TORONTO.
Manufacturers and dealers in Generators, Steel and Copper Soda Water
Cylinders, Soda Founts, Tumbler Washers, Freezers, Ice Breaking
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THE MYSTERY OF
THE BARRANCA
BY
HERMAN WHITAKER
AUTHOR OF
"THE PLANTER" AND
"THE SETTLER"
NEW YORK AND LONDON
HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS
MCMXIII
COPYRIGHT 1913 BY HARPER & BROTHERS
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 1913
[Illustration: [See page 248
SEYD LIFTED FRANCESCA AND LEAPED]
"_To Vera, my daughter and gentle collaborator, whose nimble fingers
lightened the load of many labors, this book is lovingly dedicated._"
THE MYSTERY OF THE BARRANCA
CHAPTER I
"Oh Bob, just look at them!"
Leaning down from his perch on the sacked mining tools which formed the
apex of their baggage, Billy Thornton punched his companion in the back
to call his attention to a scene which had spread a blaze of humor over
his own rich crop of freckles.
As a matter of fact, the spectacle of two men fondly embracing can
always be depended on to stir the crude Anglo-Saxon sense of humor. In
this case it was rendered still more ridiculous by age and portliness,
but two years' wandering through interior Mexico had accustomed
Thornton's comrade, Robert Seyd, to the sight. After a careless glance
he resumed his contemplation of the crowd that thronged the little
station. Exhibiting every variety of Mexican costume, from the plain
white blanket of the peons to the leather suits of the rancheros and
the hacendados, or owners of estates, it was as picturesque and
brilliant in color and movement as anything in a musical extravaganza.
The European clothing of a young girl who presently stepped out of the
ticket office emphasized the theatrical flavor by its vivid contrast.
She might easily have been the captive heroine among bandits, and the
thought actually occurred to Billy. While she paused to call her dog, a
huge Siberian wolf hound, she was hidden from Seyd's view by the stout
embracers. Therefore it was to the dog that he applied Billy's remark at
first.
"Isn't she a peach?"
She seemed the finest of her race that he had ever seen, and Seyd was
just about to say that she carried herself like a "perfect lady" when
the dissolution of the aforesaid embrace brought the girl into view. He
stopped--with a small gasp that testified to his astonishment at her
unusual type.
Although slender for her years--about two and twenty--her throat and
bust were rounded in perfect development. The clear olive complexion
was undoubtedly Spanish, yet her face lacked the firm line that hardens
with the years. Perhaps some strain of Aztec blood--from which the
Spanish-Mexican is never free--had helped to soften her features,
but this would not account for their pleasing irregularity. A bit
_retrousee_, the small nose with its well-defined nostrils patterned
after the Celtic. Had Seyd known it, the face in its entirety--colors
and soft contours--is to be found to this day among the descendants of
the sailors who escaped from the wreck of the Spanish Armada on the west
coast of Ireland. Pretty and unusual as she was, her greatest charm
centered in the large black eyes that shone amid her clear pallor,
conveying in broad day the tantalizing mystery of a face seen for an
instant through a warm gloaming. In the moment that he caught their
velvet glance Seyd received an impression of vivacious intelligence
altogether foreign in his experience of Mexican women.
As she was standing only a few feet away, he knew that she must have
heard Billy's remark; but, counting on her probable ignorance of
English, he did not hesitate to answer. "Pretty? Well, I should
say--pretty enough to marry. The trouble is that in this country the
ugliness of the grown woman seems to be in inverse ratio to her girlish
beauty. Bet you the fattest hacendado is her father. And she'll give him
pounds at half his age."
"Maybe," Billy answered. "Yet I'd be almost willing to take the chance."
As the girl had turned just then to look at the approaching train
neither of them caught the sudden dark flash, supreme disdain, that drew
an otherwise quite tender red mouth into a scarlet line. But for the dog
they would never have been a whit the wiser. For as the engine came
hissing along the platform the brute sprang and crouched on the tracks,
furiously snarling, ready for a spring at the headlight, which it
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THE MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS AND SPEECHES OF LORD MACAULAY.
Contributions To The Edinburgh Review
By Thomas Babington Macaulay
VOLUME II.
CONTENTS.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE EDINBURGH REVIEW.
John Dryden. (January 1828.)
History. (May 1828.)
Mill on Government. (March 1829.)
Westminster Reviewer's Defence of Mill. (June 1829.)
Utilitarian Theory of Government. (October 1829.)
Sadler's Law of Population. (July 1830.)
Sadler's Refutation Refuted. (January 1831.)
Mirabeau. (July 1832.)
Barere. (April 1844.)
MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS OF LORD MACAULAY.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE EDINBURGH REVIEW.
JOHN DRYDEN. (January 1828.)
"The Poetical Works of John Dryden". In 2 volumes.
University Edition. London, 1826.
The public voice has assigned to Dryden the first place in the
second rank of our poets,--no mean station in a table of intellectual
precedency so rich in illustrious names. It is allowed that, even of
the few who were his superiors in genius, none has exercised a more
extensive or permanent influence on the national habits of thought and
expression. His life was commensurate with the period during which
a great revolution in the public taste was effected; and in that
revolution he played the part of Cromwell. By unscrupulously taking the
lead in its wildest excesses, he obtained the absolute guidance of it.
By trampling on laws, he acquired the authority of a legislator. By
signalising himself as the most daring and irreverent of rebels, he
raised himself to the dignity of a recognised prince. He commenced his
career by the most frantic outrages. He terminated it in the repose of
established sovereignty,--the author of a new code, the root of a new
dynasty.
Of Dryden, however, as of almost every man who has been distinguished
either in the literary or in the political world, it may be said that
the course which he pursued, and the effect which he produced, depended
less on his personal qualities than on the circumstances in which he was
placed. Those who have read history with discrimination know the fallacy
of those panegyrics and invectives which represent individuals
as effecting great moral and intellectual revolutions, subverting
established systems, and imprinting a new character on their age. The
difference between one man and another is by no means so great as the
superstitious crowd supposes. But the same feelings which in ancient
Rome produced the apotheosis of a popular emperor, and in modern Rome
the canonisation of a devout prelate, lead men to cherish an illusion
which furnishes them with something to adore. By a law of association,
from the operation of which even minds the most strictly regulated
by reason are not wholly exempt, misery disposes us to hatred, and
happiness to love, although there may be no person to whom our misery
or our happiness can be ascribed. The peevishness of an invalid vents
itself even on those who alleviate his pain. The good humour of a man
elated by success often displays itself towards enemies. In the
same manner, the feelings of pleasure and admiration, to which the
contemplation of great events gives birth, make an object where they
do not find it. Thus, nations descend to the absurdities of Egyptian
idolatry, and worship stocks and reptiles--Sacheverells and Wilkeses.
They even fall prostrate before a deity to which they have themselves
given the form which commands their veneration, and which, unless
fashioned by them, would have remained a shapeless block. They persuade
themselves that they are the creatures of what they have themselves
created. For, in fact, it is the age that forms the man, not the man
that forms the age. Great minds do indeed re-act on the society which
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POEMS
JOHN W. DRAPER
THE POET LORE COMPANY
BOSTON
Copyright, 1913, by John W. Draper
All Rights Reserved
THE GORHAM PRESS, BOSTON, U. S. A.
PREFACE
Most of the poems collected in this volume have already seen the light
of print in the _Colonnade_, the monthly publication of the Andiron Club
of New York University. The effort of the author has not been to write
verses especially adapted to the taste of the modern public, but rather
to create "a thing of beauty" from the theme that filled his mind at the
time. Often he has been led into somewhat bold innovations such as the
invention of the miniature ode, and the associating of an idea with a
rime-_motiv_ in the metrical short-stories. While he hopes that the new
forms will justify themselves, he realizes that after all, the poems
must stand or fall in proportion to the amount of pure artistic beauty
contained within them.
CONTENTS
PAGE
FROM A GRECIAN MYTH 9
"CARPE DIEM" 10
THE SONG OF LORENZO 12
THE SONG OF WO HOU 14
THE AURORA 15
THE WILL O' THE WISP 16
WHEN ON THE SHORE GRATES MY BARGE'S KEEL 18
TO SHELLEY 20
THOMAS DE QUINCEY 21
THE VISION OF DANTE 22
THE SPIRIT OF SCHOPENHAUER 24
ARTHUR TO GUENEVER 26
THE DEATH OF THOMAS CHATTERTON 27
A SPRING SONG 28
AFTER THE NEO-PLATONISTS 29
WHAT WOULDST THOU BE? 30
THE PROPHECY OF DAVID 31
THE PROPHECY OF SAINT MARK 39
THE AEOLIAN HARP 47
THE MAID THAT I WOOED 48
IN A MINOR CHORD 49
A GLASS OF ABSINTHE 51
THE PALACE OF PAIN 53
POEMS
FROM A GRECIAN MYTH
A palace he built him in the west,
A palace of vermeil fringed with gold;
And fain would he lie him down to rest
In the palace he built him in the west
Which every heavenly hue had dressed
With halcyon harmonies untold:
That palace, the sun built in the west,
A palace of vermeil fringed with gold.
_January 3, 1911._
"CARPE DIEM"
Wake, love; Aurora's breath has tinged the sky,
Mounting in faintly flushing shafts on high
To tell the world that Phoebus is at hand;
And all the hours in a glittering band
Cluster around in sweeping, circling flight
Like angels bathing in celestial light.
See, now with one great shaft of molten gold,
No longer vaporous haze around him rolled,
The King of Day mounts the ethereal height,
Scattering the last dim streamers of the night.
Bow down, ye Persians, on your altared hills;
Worship the Sun-god who gives life, and fills
Your horn with plenteous blessings from on high.
Wake! Wake! before the dawning sunbeams die!
Fling incense on your temple's dying flame;
Sing chants and chorals in his mighty name,
For as a weary traveler from afar,
Or as a sailor on the harbor bar
After long absence spies his native town,
So, with benignant brilliance smiles he down;
Or, like a good king ruling o'er his land,
He sprinkles blessings with a bounteous hand.
And thou, O my beloved, wake! arise!
Has not the sun illumined night's dull skies?
Come, Phoebus' breath has tinged the summer morn.
Come, see the light shafts waver '<DW41> the corn.
Come, see the early lily's opening bloom.
Come, see the wavering light expel the gloom
From yon dark vale still sunk in misty night.
Oh, watch the circling skylark's heavenward flight,
As, wrapped in hazy waves of shimmering light,
In one grand Jubilate to the sun,
He floods the sky with song of day begun.
But golden morn is never truly fair
Unless with day, thou com'st to weave my hair
With perfumed flowers gathered in the dell
Where sylphs sing sweetly 'bout the bubbling well.
Oh, fill my cup of pleasure with new wine
Which sparkles only where thy soft eyes shine!
O my beloved,
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E-text prepared by Steve Read, Suzanne Shell, and the Online Distributed
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Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
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See 36026-h.htm or 36026-h.zip:
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Images of the original pages are available through
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http://www.archive.org/details/frompillartopost00banguoft
FROM PILLAR TO POST
[Illustration: "I shall have to borrow some of your manly
courage to carry me through."]
FROM PILLAR TO POST
Leaves from a Lecturer's Note-Book
by
JOHN KENDRICK BANGS
Author of "The House-Boat on the Styx," etc.
With Illustrations by Jno. R. Neill
[Illustration]
New York
The Century Co.
1916
Copyright, 1916, by
The Century Co.
Copyright, 1915, by
Associated Sunday Magazines Incorporated
Published, March, 1916
TO
THAT WISE COUNSELLOR
AND STERLING FRIEND
J. HENRY HARPER
PREFATORY NOTE
I could not let these random notes of a delightful experience go forth
into the world without expressing in some way my deep appreciation of
the valued services rendered me in my ten years of platform work by my
friends of the Lyceum Bureaus. In office and in the field they have
labored strenuously, often affectionately, and always loyally, on my
behalf. But for their interest some of the most cherished experiences of
my life would have been beyond my reach. If sometimes in their zeal to
keep me busy they have booked me in Winnipeg on Monday night, in New
Orleans on Tuesday night, with little side-trips to San Diego,
California, and Presque Isle, Maine, on Wednesday and Thursday, not to
mention grand finales at Omaha and Key West on Friday and Saturday, I
view that sequence rather as a tribute to my agility than as a matter to
be unduly captious about. It is a manifestation of a confidence in my
powers to overcome the limitations of time and space that I think upon
with an expanding head, if not with a swelling heart, and whether this
required annihilation of distance has been wholly agreeable or not it
has enabled me to see more of my own country than I otherwise could have
seen, and to that extent, I hope, has made a better American of me.
Wherefore before beginning our ramble from Pillar to Post I record here
in testimony of my gratitude to them the names of Arthur C. Coit, and
Louis J. Alber, of the Coit Lyceum Bureau of Cleveland, Ohio; of Frank
A. Morgan, of the Mutual Lyceum Bureau, of Chicago; of Kenneth M. White,
of the White Entertainment Bureau of Boston; of S. Russell Bridges, of
the Alkahest Lyceum System of Atlanta, Georgia; of J. B. Pond, Jr., and
that tried friend both in the Lyceum field and out of it, William C.
Glass, of the J. B. Pond Lyceum Bureau of New York.
Thanks are due to the publishers of _Every Week_ for courtesies
extended, and finally I desire to inscribe a word of affectionate esteem
for my friends, J. Thomson Willing, and that inspiring editorial guide
and mentor, William A. Taylor, of the Associated Sunday Magazines, under
whose genial direction these papers were first presented to the public.
JOHN KENDRICK BANGS.
CONTENTS
PAGE
I GETTING USED TO IT 3
II SOUTHERN HOSPITALITY 23
III GETTING THE LEVEL 40
IV THE GOOD SAMARITAN 61
V A VAGRANT POET 83
VI BACK-HANDED COMPLIMENTS 98
VII FRIENDS OF THE ROAD 116
VIII CHAIRMEN I HAVE MET 134
IX CHANCE ACQUAINTANCES 155
X HUMORS OF THE ROAD 175
XI MINE HOST 196
XII PERILS OF THE PLATFORM 220
XIII EMBARRASSING MOMENTS 243
XIV "SLINGS AND ARROWS" 266
XV EMERGENCIES 290
XVI A PIONE
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Produced by Eric Eldred
[Illustration: 01 GLIMPSE OUTSIDE OF MODERN ROME]
ROMAN HOLIDAYS AND OTHERS
By W. D. Howells
ILLUSTRATED
HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK AND LONDON
Copyright, 1908, by HARPER & BROTHERS.
Copyright, 1908, by THE SUN PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION.
Published October, 1908.
CONTENTS
I. UP AND DOWN MADEIRA
II. TWO UP-TOWN BLOCKS INTO SPAIN
III. ASHORE AT GENOA
IV. NAPLES AND HER JOYFUL NOISE
V. POMPEII REVISITED
VI. ROMAN HOLIDAYS
VII. A WEEK AT LEGHORN
VIII. OVER AT PISA
IX.. BACK AT GENOA
X. EDEN AFTER THE FALL
ROMAN HOLIDAYS AND OTHERS
I. UP AND DOWN MADEIRA.
No drop-curtain, at any theatre I have seen, was ever so richly
imagined, with misty tops and shadowy clefts and frowning cliffs and
gloomy valleys and long, plunging cataracts, as the actual landscape of
Madeira, when we drew nearer and nearer to it, at the close of a tearful
afternoon of mid-January. The scenery of drop-curtains is often very
boldly beautiful, but here Nature, if she had taken a hint from art, had
certainly bettered her instruction. During the waits between acts at the
theatre, while studying the magnificent painting beyond the trouble of
the orchestra, I have been most impressed by the splendid variety which
the artist had got into his picture, where the spacious frame lent
itself to his passion for saying everything; but I remembered his
thronging fancies as meagre and scanty in the presence of the stupendous
reality before me. I have, for
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by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
THE RIVER'S CHILDREN
AN IDYL OF THE MISSISSIPPI
By RUTH McENERY STUART
AUTHOR OF "SONNY," "HOLLY AND PIZEN," "MORIAH'S MOURNING," "NAPOLEON
JACKSON," ETC.
With Pictures by
Barry C. Edwards
NEW YORK
THE CENTURY CO.
1904
Copyright, 1904, by
THE CENTURY CO.
Copyright, 1903, by
PHELPS PUBLISHING CO.
_Published October, 1904_
THE DE VINNE PRESS
[Illustration: "Upon the brow of the levee"]
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Upon the brow of the levee
Gangs of men, reinforcing suspicious danger points with pickax and spade
Sipped iced orange syrup or claret sangaree
The brave, unthinking fellow, after embracing his beloved, dashed to the
front
Her arms were about his knees
THE RIVER'S CHILDREN
AN IDYL OF THE MISSISSIPPI
PART FIRST
The Mississippi was flaunting itself in the face of opposition along its
southern banks. It had carried much before it in its downward path ere
it reached New Orleans. A plantation here, a low-lying settlement there,
a cotton-field in bloom under its brim, had challenged its waters and
been taken in, and there was desolation in its wake.
In certain weak places above and below the city, gangs of men--<DW64>s
mostly--worked day and night, reinforcing suspicious danger-points with
pickax and spade. At one place an imminent crevasse threatened life and
property to such a degree that the workers were conscripted and held to
their posts by promises of high wages, abetted by periodical passage
along the line of a bucket and gourd dipper.
[Illustration: "Gangs of men, reinforcing suspicious danger points with
pickax and spade"]
There was apparently nothing worse than mirth and song in the bucket.
Concocted to appeal to the festive instinct of the dark laborers as much
as to steady their hands and sustain courage, it was a fine pink
and floated ice lumps and bits of lemon when served. Yet there was a
quality in it which warmed as it went, and spurred pickax and spade to
do their best--spurred their wielders often to jest and song, too, for
there was scarcely a secure place even along the brimming bank where one
might not, by listening, catch the sound of laughter or of rhythmic
voices:
"Sing, <DW65>, sing! Sing yo' hymn!
De river, she's a-boomin'--she's a-comin _che-bim_!
Swim, <DW65>, swim!
"Sing, <DW65>, sing! Sing yo' rhyme!
De waters is a-floodin'--dey's a-roarin' on time!
Climb, squirrel, climb!"
At this particular danger-spot just below the city, a number of
cotton-bales, contributed by planters whose fortunes were at stake, were
placed in line against a threatening break as primary support, staked
securely down and chained together.
Over these were cast everything available, to raise their height. It was
said that even barrels of sugar and molasses were used, and shiploads of
pig-iron, with sections of street railways ripped from their ties. Then
barrels of boiling tar, tarpaulins, and more chains. And then--
And then there were prayers--and messages to the priests up at the old
St. Louis Cathedral, where many of the wives were kneeling--and reckless
gifts of money to the poor.
A few of the men who had not entered church for years were seen to cross
themselves covertly; and one, a convivial creole of a rather racy
reputation, was even observed, through the sudden turn of a lantern one
night, to take from his pocket a miniature statue of St. Joseph, and to
hold it between his eyes and the sky while he, too, crossed himself. And
the boon companion who smiled at the sight did himself make upon his own
breast a tiny sign of the cross in the dark, even as he moved toward his
friend to chaff him. And when, in turning, he dimly descried the outline
of a distant spire surmounted by a cross against the stars, he did
reverently lift his hat.
"It can't do any harm, anyhow," he apologized to himself; but when he
had reached his friend, he remarked dryly:
"You don't mean to tell me, Felix, dat you pray to St. Joseph yet, you
old sinner! Excuse me, but dose passing lantern, dey give you away."
"Pray to St. Joseph? I would pray to de devil to-night, me, Adolphe, if
I believed he would drive de
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Transcribed from the 1852 Chapman and Hall edition by David Price,
[email protected]
OLD ROADS
AND
NEW ROADS.
* * * * *
* * * * *
"MESSER LUDOVICO, DOVE AVETE COGLIATO TANTE COGLIONERIE?"
* * * * *
* * * * *
LONDON:
CHAPMAN AND HALL, 193, PICCADILLY.
* * * * *
1852.
PRINTED BY
JOHN EDWARD TAYLOR, LITTLE QUEEN STREET,
LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS.
PREFACE.
GENTLE READER,
If you look to move through this little volume in a direct line, after
the present fashion of Railway Travelling, you will be signally
disappointed. Nothing can well be more circuitous than the route
proposed to you, nor more eccentric than your present guide. This book
aspires to the precision of neither Patterson nor Bradshaw. Let men
"bloody with spurring, fiery hot with speed," consult those oracles of
swiftness and rectitude of way: we do not belong to their manor. We
desire to beguile, by a sort of serpentine irregularity, the occasional
tedium of rapid movement. We move to our journey's end by sundry
old-fashioned circuitous routes. Grudge not, while you are whirled along
a New Road, to loiter mentally upon certain Old Roads, and to consider as
you linger along them the ways and means of transit which contented our
ancestors. Although their coaches were slow, and their pack-saddles hard
as those of the Yanguesan carriers of La Mancha, yet they reached their
inns in time, and bequeathed to you and me--Gentle Reader--if we have the
grace to use them, many pithy and profitable records of their wayfaring.
The battle is not always to the strong, nor the race to the swift:
neither is the most rapid always the pleasantest journey. Horace
accompanied Maecenas on very urgent business, yet he loitered on the way,
and confesses his slackness without shame--
"Hoc iter ignavi divisimus, altius ac nos
Praecinctis unum: minus est gravis Appia tardis."
It was, he says, more comfortable to take his time. Is our business more
pressing than his was? It can hardly be, seeing that he wended with a
company whose errand was to prevent the two masters of the world from
coming to blows. In comparison with such a mission, who will put the
buying of a cargo of cotton, or arriving an hour before a public meeting
begins, or catching a pic-nic party just in the nick of time? St.
Bernard rode from sunrise to sunset along the Lake Leman without once
putting his mule out of a walk; so much delectation the holy man felt in
beholding the beauty of the water and the mountains, and in "chewing the
cud of his own sweet or bitter fancies." And good Michel Seigneur de
Montaigne took a week for his journey from Nice to Pisa, although his
horse was one of the smartest trotters in Gascony, merely for the
pleasure he felt in following the by-lanes. And did not Richard Hooker
receive from Bishop Jewell his blessing and his walking-staff, and yet
with such poor means of speed he thought not of the weary miles between
Exeter and Oxford, but trudged merrily with a thankful heart for the good
oak prop, and the better blessing? Much less content with his journey
was Richard when he rode to London on a hard-paced nag, that he might be
in time to preach his first sermon at St. Paul's. And was not this, the
hastier of his journeys, the most unlucky in his life, seeing that it
brought him acquainted with that foul shrew, Joan, his wife, who made his
after-days as bitter to him, patient and godly though he were, as
wormwood and coloquintida? Are not these goodly examples, Christian and
Heathen? Let the Train rush along, you and I will travel at our own
pace.
Neither shall you, if you will be ruled by your present guide, saunter
along the roads of Britain alone, or on known and extant ways only. Are
there not roads which never paid toll, roads in the waste, roads
travelled only in vision, roads once traversed by the feet of myriads,
yet now overgrown by the forest, or buried deeply in the marsh? Shall we
not for awhile be surveyors of these forgotten highways, and pause beside
the tombs of the kings, or consuls, or Incas, who first levelled them?
The world has moved westward with the daily motion of the earth. Yet, in
the far East lie the most ancient highways--whose pavements once echoed
with the hurrying feet of Nimrod's outposts or the trampling of
Agamemnon's rear-guard. It were well to mark how that ancient chivalry
sped along their causeways.
Nor, on our devious route, shall baiting-places be wanting. Drunken
Barnaby stayed not oftener to prove the ale than we will do:--
"AEgre jam relicto rure
_Securem Aldermanni_--_bury_
Primo petii, qua exosa
Sentina, HOLBURNI ROSA
Me excepit, ordine tali
Appuli GRYPHEM VETERIS BAILEY:
Ubi experrectum lecto
TRES CICONIAS indies spect
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by The Internet Library of Early Journals.)
[Transcriber's note: Original spelling variations have not been
standardized. {Old English} style letters have been shown in {braces}.
Characters with macrons have been marked in brackets with an equal sign,
as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on top; [p=] shows a letter p with
a stroke through the descender. Underscores have been used to indicate
_italic_ fonts. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has
been added at the end.]
NOTES AND QUERIES:
A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
FOR
LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
VOL. V.--No. 134. SATURDAY, MAY 22. 1852.
Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition, 5_d._
CONTENTS.
Page
NOTES:--
A few Things about Richard Baxter, by H. M. Bealby 481
Latin Song by Andrew Boorde, by Dr. E. F. Rimbault 482
Shakspeare Notes 483
Publications of the Stuttgart Society, by F. Norgate 484
Manuscript Shakspeare Emendations, by J. O. Halliwell 484
The Grave-stone of Joe Miller 485
Folk Lore:--Swearing on a Skull--New Moon--Rust 485
Minor Notes:--Epitaph at Low Moor--Sir Thomas Overbury's
Epitaph--Bibliotheca Literaria--Inscription at Dundrah
Castle--Derivation of Charing 486
QUERIES:--
Poem by Nicholas Breton 487
The Virtuosi, or St. Luke's Club 487
The Rabbit as a Symbol 487
Is Wyld's Great Globe a Plagiarism from Molenax? by
John Petheram 488
Minor Queries:--Poem on the Burning of the Houses of
Parliament--Newton's Library--Meaning of Royd--The
Cromwell Family--Sir John Darnell, Knt.--Royal
"We"--Gondomar--Wallington's Journal--Epistola
Lucifera, &c.--Cambrian Literature--"VCRIMDR" on
Coins of Vabalathus--Lines on Woman--Penkenol--Fairfax
Family Mansion--Postman and Tubman in the Court of
Exchequer--Second Exhumation of King Arthur's Remains,
&c. 488
MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Welsh Women's Hats--Pancakes
on Shrove Tuesday--Shakspeare, Tennyson, and Claudian 491
REPLIES:--
The Ring Finger 492
The Moravian Hymns 492
Cagots 493
Sheriffs and Lords Lieutenant 494
St. Christopher 494
General Pardons: Sir John Trenchard, by E. S. Taylor 496
Replies to Minor Queries:--Dayesman--Bull; Dun--Algernon
Sidney--Age of Trees--Emaciated Monumental Effigies--Bee
Park--Sally Lunn--Baxter's Pulpit--Lothian's Scottish
Historical Maps--British Ambassadors--Knollys
Family--'Prentice Pillars; 'Prentice Windows--St.
Bartholomew--Sun-dial Inscription--History of
Faction--Barnacles--Family Likenesses--Merchant
Adventurers to Spain--Exeter Controversy--Corrupted
Names of Places--Poison--Vikingr Skotar--Rhymes on
Places--"We three"--Burning Fern brings Rain--Plague
Stones--Sneezing--Abbot of Croyland's Motto--Derivation
of the Word "Azores"--Scologlandis and Scologi 497
MISCELLANEOUS:--
Notes on Books, &c. 501
Books and Odd Volumes wanted 502
Notices to Correspondents 502
Advertisements 503
Notes.
A FEW THINGS ABOUT RICHARD BAXTER.
In the year 1836, I visited Kidderminster for the purpose of seeing the
place where Richard Baxter spent fourteen of the most valuable years of
his life; and of ascertaining if any relics were to be found connected
with the history of this remarkable man. Baxter thought much of
Kidderminster, for with strong feeling he says, respecting this place,
in his poem on "Love breathing Thanks and Praise" (_Poetical Fragments_,
1st edit. 1681):--
"But among all, none did so much abound,
With fruitful mercies, as that barren ground,
Where I did make my best and longest stay,
And bore the heat and burden of the day;
Mercies grew thicker there than summer flowers:
They over-numbered my daies and hours.
There was my dearest flock, and special charge,
Our hearts in mutual love thou didst enlarge:
'Twas there that mercy did my labours bless,
With the most great and wonderful success."
While prosecuting my inquiries, I was shown the house in which he is
said to have resided. It is situated in the High Street, and was, at the
time of my visit, inhabited by a grocer; but I had my doubts, from a
difference of opinion I heard stated as to this being the actual house.
After looking at this house, I visited the vestry of the Unitarian
Chapel, and examined the pulpit; the description of which given by your
correspondent is very correct. He omits to mention Job Orton's chair,
which was shown me, as well as that of Bishop Hall. From all I could
learn at the time, and since, I should say that there is not the
slightest probability of any engraving having been published of this
pulpit. Sketches may have been made by private hands, but nothing I
believe in this way has ever been given to the public. I have long taken
a deep interest in everything, pertaining to Richard Baxter. I some
years ago collected ninety-seven out of the one hundred and sixty-eight
works which he wrote, most of them the original editions, and
principally on controversial subjects. After they had served the purpose
for which I purchased them, I parted with them, reserving to myself the
first editions of the choicest of his practical writings. The folio
edition of his works contains only his practical treatises. One of the
most remarkable facts connected with the history of Baxter, is the
prodigious amount of mechanical drudgery to which he must have patiently
submitted in the production of his varied publications. He had a very
delicate frame: he was continually unwell, and often greatly afflicted.
To this constant ailment of body he refers in a very affecting note in
his _Paraphrase on the New Testament_ under the fifth verse in the fifth
chapter of the Gospel of St. John. The reference is to the impotent man
at the pool of Bethesda, who had an infirmity thirty and eight years.
_Note._ "How great a mercy is it, to live eight and thirty years
under God's wholesome discipline? How inexcusable was this man, if
he had been proud, or worldly, or careless of his everlasting
state? O my God! I thank thee for the like discipline of eight and
fifty years. How safe a life is this, in comparison of full
prosperity and pleasure."
His ministerial duties were of an arduous nature, and yet he found time
to write largely on theological subjects, and to plunge perpetually into
theological controversy. The _Saint's Rest_, by which his fame will ever
be perpetuated, was published in 1619, 4to. It is in four parts, and
dedicated respectively to the inhabitants of Kidderminster, Bridgenorth,
Coventry, and Shrewsbury. It was the first book he wrote, and the second
he published (_The Aphorisms of Justification_ being the first
published): it was written under the daily expectation of dying. The
names of Brook, Hampden, and Pym, which have a place in the first
edition, are, singularly enough, omitted in the later ones. Fifty years
after the appearance of the _Saint's Rest_, and a few months only before
his death, he published the strangest of all his productions; it is--
"The Certainty of the World of Spirits, fully evinced by
unquestionable Histories of Apparitions and Witchcrafts,
Operations, Voices, &c. Proving the Immortality of Souls, the
Malice and Misery of Devils and the Damned, and the Blessedness of
the Justified. Written for the Conviction of Sadducees and
Infidels."
12mo. 1691.
His _Reliquiae Baxterianae_, folio, 1686, is the text-book for the actual
every-day life of this eminent divine.
H. M. BEALBY.
North Brixton.
LATIN SONG BY ANDREW BOORDE.
The life of this "progenitor of Merry Andrew," as he is termed, would,
if minutely examined, doubtless prove a curious piece of biography. Wood
furnishes many particulars, but some of his statements want
confirmation. He tells us that Boorde was borne at Pevensey in Sussex;
but Hearne corrects him, and says it was at Bounds Hill in the same
county. It then becomes a question whether he was educated at Winchester
school. Certain it is that he was of Oxford, although he left without
taking a degree, and became a brother of the Carthusian order in London.
We next find him studying physic in his old university, and subsequently
travelling through most parts of Europe, and even of Africa. On his
return to England, he settled at Winchester, and practised as a
physician. Afterwards we find him in London occupying a tenement in the
parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields. This appears to have been the period
when, in his professional capacity, King Henry VIII. is said to have
consulted him. How long he remained in London is uncertain, but in 1541
he was living at Montpelier in France, where he is supposed to have
taken the degree of doctor in physic, in which he was afterwards
incorporated at Oxford. He subsequently lived at Pevensey, and again at
Winchester. At last we find him a prisoner in the Fleet--the cause has
yet to be learned,--at which place he died in April, 1549. The following
curious relic is transcribed from the flyleaf of a copy of _The Breviary
of Health_, 4to., London, 1547. It is signed "Andrew Boord," and if not
the handwriting of the facetious author himself, is certainly that of
some one of his cotemporaries:
"Nos vagabunduli,
Laeti, jucunduli,
Tara, tantara teino.
Edimus libere,
Canimus lepide,
Tara, &c.
Risu dissolvimur,
Pannis obvolvimur,
Tara, &c.
Multum in joculis,
Crebro in poculis,
Tara, &c.
Dolo consuimus,
Nihil metuimus,
Tara, &c.
Pennus non deficit,
Praeda nos reficit,
Tara, &c.
Frater Catholice,
Vir apostolice,
Tara, &c.
Dic quae volueris
Fient quae jusseris,
Tara, &c.
Omnes metuite
Partes gramaticae,
Tara, &c.
Quadruplex nebulo
Adest, et spolio,
Tara, &c.
Data licencia,
Crescit amentia,
Tara, &c.
Papa sic praecipit
Frater non decipit
Tara, &c.
Chare fratercule,
Vale et tempore,
Tara, &c.
Quando revititur,
Congratulabimur,
Tara, &c.
Nosmet respicimus,
Et vale dicimus,
Tara, &c.
Corporum noxibus
Cordium amplexibus,
Tara tantara teino."
Andrew Boorde's printed works are as follows:
1. _A Book of the Introduction to Knowledge_, 4to., London, 1542.
2. _A Compendious Regiment or Dietary of Health, made at Mountpyller_,
8vo., 1542.
3. _The Breviary of Health_, 4to., London, 1547.
4. _The Princyples of Astronomye_, 12mo., R. Copland, London, n. d.
Wood tells us he wrote "a book on prognosticks," and another "of
urines." _The Merry Tales of the Wise Men of Gotham_ are also ascribed
to him, as well as _A Right Pleasant and Merry History of the Mylner of
Abington_, &c.
The origin of the _Merry Tales_ is pointed out by Horsfield, in his
_History of Lewes_, vol. i. p. 239.:--
"At a _last_, holden at Pevensey, Oct. 3, 24 Hen. VIII., for the
purpose of preventing unauthorised persons 'from setting nettes,
pottes, or innyances,' or anywise taking fish within the
privileges of the Marsh of Pevensey, the king's commission was
directed to John, Prior of Lewes; Richard, Abbot of Begham; John,
Prior of Mychillym; Thomas, Lord Dacre, and others... Dr. Boorde
(the original Merry Andrew) founds his tale of the 'Wise Men of
Gotham' upon the proceedings of this meeting, Gotham being the
property of Lord Dacre, and near his residence."
The inhabitants of Gotham in Nottinghamshire have hitherto been
considered the "biggest fools in christendom;" but if the above extract
is to be depended upon, the _Gothamites_ of Sussex have a fair claim to
a share of this honourable distinction.
The quotation from the _History of Lewes_ was first pointed out by your
learned correspondent, MR. M. A. LOWER, in a communication to Mr.
Halliwell's _Archaeologist_, 1842, p. 129. The investigation of the
origin of this popular collection of old _Joe Millerisms_ is of some
importance, because upon them rests Dr. Boorde's title to be the
"progenitor of Merry Andrew."
EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
SHAKSPEARE NOTES.
Who was the editor of _The Poems and Plays of William Shakspeare_, eight
vols. 8vo., published by Scott and Webster in 1833?
In that edition the following passage from _The Merchant of Venice_, Act
III. Sc. 2., is _pointed_ in this way:--
"Thus ornament is but the guiled shore
To a most dangerous sea; the beauteous scarf
Veiling an Indian; beauty's, in a word,
The seeming truth which cunning times put on
To entrap the wisest."
To which the anonymous editor appends the following note:--
"I have deviated slightly from the folio
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THE BOYHOOD OF JESUS
[Illustration]
PUBLISHED BY
DAVID C. COOK PUBLISHING COMPANY
Factory and Shipping Rooms, Elgin, Illinois
Try to be like Jesus.
The Bible tells of Jesus,
So gentle and so meek;
I’ll try to be like Jesus
In ev’ry word I speak.
For Jesus, too, was loving,
His words were always kind;
I’ll try to be like Jesus
In thought and word and mind.
I long to be like Jesus,
Who said “I am the Truth;”
Then I will give my heart to him,
Now, in my early youth.
—_Lillian Payson._
COPYRIGHT, 1905,
BY DAVID C. COOK PUBLISHING COMPANY.
[Illustration: THE BABY JESUS.]
The Little Lord Jesus.
Away in a manger,
No crib for a bed,
The little Lord Jesus
Laid down his sweet head.
The stars in the sky
Looked down where he lay—
The little Lord Jesus
Asleep on the hay.
The cattle are lowing,
The poor baby wakes,
But little Lord Jesus
No crying he makes.
I love thee, Lord Jesus;
Look down from the sky,
And stay by my cradle
To watch Lullaby.
—_Luther’s Cradle Hymn._
The Child Promised.
[Illustration]
[Illustration]
THERE was once a time when there was no Christmas at all. There were
no beautiful Christmas trees and happy songs and stockings filled with
presents. No one shouted “Merry Christmas
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[Transcriber's Note: Descriptions of illustrations which have no
captions and of page references are found in {curly brackets}.]
[Illustration: That's where Daddy is!
(From the painting by J. Snowman.)]
THE ROYAL SCHOOL SERIES
Highroads of Geography
_Illustrated by Masterpieces of the following artists:--J.M.W. Turner,
F. Goodall, E.A. Hornel, Talbot Kelly, W. Simpson, Edgar H. Fisher, J.F.
Lewis, T.H. Liddell, Cyrus Cuneo, &c._
Introductory Book--Round the World with Father
1916
CONTENTS.
1. Good-bye to Father,
2. A Letter from France,
3. In Paris,
4. On the Way to Egypt,
5. A Letter from Egypt,
6. Children of Egypt,
7. Through the Canal,
8. Amongst the Arabs.--I.,
9. Amongst the Arabs.--II.,
10. A Letter from India,
11. In the Streets,
12. Our Indian Cousin,
13. In the Garden,
14. Indian Boys and Girls,
15. Elephants and Tigers,
16. A Letter from Burma.--I.,
17. A Letter from Burma.--II.,
18. A Letter from Ceylon,
19. A Letter from China,
20. Chinese Boys and Girls,
21. Hair, Fingers, and Toes,
22. A Letter from Japan,
23. <DW61> Children,
24. A Letter from Canada,
25. Children of Canada,
26. The Red Men,
27. The Eskimos.
28. Father's Last Letter,
29. Home Again,
EXERCISES,
INTRODUCTORY BOOK.
I. GOOD-BYE TO FATHER.
1. Father kissed us and said, "Good-bye, dears. Be good children, and
help mother as much as you can. The year will soon pass away. What a
merry time we will have when I come back again!"
2. Father kissed mother, and then stepped into the train. The guard blew
his whistle, and the train began to move. We waved good-bye until it was
out of sight.
[Illustration: {Children waving good-bye to their father as the train
pulls away}]
3. Then we all began to cry--even Tom, who thinks himself such a man. It
was _so_ lonely without father.
4. Tom was the first to dry his eyes. He turned to me and said, "Stop
that crying. You are the eldest, and you ought to know better."
5. He made mother take his arm, just as father used to do. Then he began
to whistle, to show that he did not care a bit. All the way home he
tried to make jokes.
6. As soon as we had taken off our coats and hats, Tom called us into
the sitting-room. "Look here," he said: "we're going to have no glum
faces in this house. We must be bright and cheerful, or mother will
fret. You know father wouldn't like that."
[Illustration: {Children in the sitting-room}]
7. We said that we would do our best. So off we went to help mother to
make the beds and to dust the rooms. While we were doing this we quite
forgot to be sad.
8. After tea we went into father's room and looked at the globe. "I'm
going to follow father right round the world," said Tom. "Please show me
which way he is going." Mother did so.
9. "By this time next week," she said, "we shall have the first of many
long letters from father. I am sure we shall enjoy reading them. He will
tell us about the far-off lands which he is going to see."
10. "That will be grand," I said. "I hope he will tell us _lots_
about the children. I want to know what they look like, what they wear,
and what games they play."
11. Tom said he would rather not hear about children. He wanted to hear
about savages and tigers and shipwrecks, and things like that.
[Illustration: {Postman delivering a letter}]
12. A week later the postman brought us father's first letter. How eager
we were to hear it! Mother had to read it for us two or three times.
13. Every week for many weeks the postman brought us letters from
father. When he handed us a letter he used to say, "I'm glad to see that
your daddy is all right so far."
14. This book is made up of father's letters from abroad. I hope you
will enjoy them as much as we did.
* * * * *
2. A LETTER FROM FRANCE.
1. MY DEAR CHILDREN,--I am writing this letter in a large seaport of the
south of France. To-morrow I shall go on board the big ship which is to
take me to Egypt.
2. Let me tell you about my travels so far. The train in which I left
our town took
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SOUL***
E-text prepared by Suzanne Lybarger, Brian Janes, Pilar Somoza Fernandez,
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BOHN’S STANDARD LIBRARY
THE POEMS OF HEINE
GEORGE BELL AND SONS
LONDON: PORTUGAL ST., LINCOLN’S INN.
CAMBRIDGE: DEIGHTON, BELL AND CO.
NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN CO.
BOMBAY: A. H. WHEELER AND CO.
THE POEMS OF HEINE
COMPLETE
TRANSLATED INTO THE ORIGINAL METRES
WITH A SKETCH OF HIS LIFE
BY
EDGAR ALFRED BOWRING, C.B.
[Illustration: colophon]
LONDON
GEORGE BELL AND SONS
1908
[_Reprinted from Stereotype plates._]
CONTENTS.
PAGE
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION viii
PREFACE ix
MEMOIR OF HEINRICH HEINE xi
EARLY POEMS.
SONGS OF LOVE
Love’s Salutation 1
Love’s Lament 1
Yearning 2
The White Flower 3
Presentiment 4
MISCELLANEOUS POEMS
GERMANY, 1815 6
DREAM, 1816 9
THE CONSECRATION 11
THE MOOR’S SERENADE 12
DREAM AND LIFE 13
THE LESSON 14
TO FRANCIS V. Z---- 14
A PROLOGUE TO THE HARTZ-JOURNEY 15
DEFEND NOT 15
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THE KING OF IRELAND'S SON
by Padraic Colum
CONTENTS:
FEDELMA, THE ENCHANTER'S DAUGHTER
WHEN THE KING OF THE CATS CAME TO KING CONNAL'S DOMINION
THE SWORD OF LIGHT AND THE UNIQUE TALE, WITH AS MUCH OF THE ADVENTURES
OF GILLY OF THE GOAT-SKIN AS IS GIVEN IN "THE CRANESKIN BOOK"
THE TOWN OF THE RED CASTLE
THE KING OF THE LAND OF MIST
THE HOUSE OF CROM DUV
THE SPAE-WOMAN
FEDELMA, THE ENCHANTER'S DAUGHTER
I
Connal was the name of the King who ruled over Ireland at that time.
He had three sons, and, as the fir-trees grow, some crooked and some
straight, one of them grew up so wild that in the end the King and the
King's Councillor had to let him have his own way in everything. This
youth was the King's eldest son and his mother had died before she could
be a guide to him.
Now after the King and the King's Councillor left him to his own way the
youth I'm telling you about did nothing but ride and hunt all day. Well,
one morning he rode abroad--
His hound at his heel,
His hawk on his wrist;
A brave steed to carry him whither he list,
And the blue sky over him,
and he rode on until he came to a turn in the road. There he saw a gray
old man seated on a heap of stones playing a game of cards with himself.
First he had one hand winning and then he had the other. Now he would
say "That's my good right," and then he would say "Play and beat that,
my gallant left." The King of Ireland's Son sat on his horse to watch
the strange old man, and as he watched him he sang a song to himself
I put the fastenings on my boat
For a year and for a day,
And I went where the rowans grow,
And where the moorhens lay;
And I went over the stepping-stones
And dipped my feet in the ford,
And came at last to the Swineherd's house,--
The Youth without a Sword.
A swallow sang upon his porch
"Glu-ee, glu-ee, glu-ee,"
"The wonder of all wandering,
The wonder of the sea;"
A swallow soon to leave ground sang
"Glu-ee, glu-ee, glu-ee."
"Prince," said the old fellow looking up at him, "if you can play a game
as well as you can sing a song, I'd like if you would sit down beside
me."
"I can play any game," said the King of Ireland's Son. He fastened his
horse to the branch of a tree and sat down on the heap of stones beside
the old man.
"What shall we play for?" said the gray old fellow.
"Whatever you like," said the King of Ireland's Son.
"If I win you must give me anything I ask, and if you win I shall give
you anything you ask. Will you agree to that?"
"If it is agreeable to you it is agreeable to me," said the King of
Ireland's Son.
They played, and the King of Ireland's Son won the game. "Now what do
you desire me to give, King's Son?" said the gray old fellow.
"I shan't ask you for anything," said the King of Ireland's Son, "for I
think you haven't much to give."
"Never mind that," said the gray old fellow. "I mustn't break my
promise, and so you must ask me for something."
"Very well," said the King's Son. "Then there's a field at the back of
my father's Castle and I want to see it filled with cattle to-morrow
morning. Can you do that for me?"
"I can," said the gray old fellow.
"Then I want fifty cows, each one white with a red ear, and a white calf
going beside each cow."
"The cattle shall be as you wish."
"Well, when that's done I shall think the wager has been paid," said the
King of Ireland's son. He mounted his horse, smiling at the foolish
old man who played cards with himself and who thought he could bring
together fifty white kine, each with a red ear, and a white calf by the
side of each cow. He rode away
His hound at his heel,
His hawk on his wrist;
A brave steed to carry him whither he list,
And the green ground under him,
and he thought no more of the gray old fellow.
But in the morning, when he was taking his horse out of the stable,
he heard the grooms talking about a strange happening. Art, the King's
Steward, had gone out and had found the field at the back of the Castle
filled with cattle. There were fifty white red-eared kine there and each
cow had a white calf at her side. The
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[Illustration]
THE
ASHTABULA DISASTER.
BY
REV. STEPHEN D. PEET,
OF ASHTABULA, OHIO.
_ILLUSTRATED._
CHICAGO, ILL.:
J. S. GOODMAN--LOUIS LLOYD & CO.
LONDON, ONT.: J. M. CHUTE & CO.
1877.
Copyright, A. D. 1877,
By J. S. GOODMAN and LOUIS LLOYD & CO.
OTTAWAY & COLBERT,
PRINTERS,
147 & 149 Fifth Ave., Chicago.
BLOMGREN BROS. & CO.,
ELECTROTYPERS,
162 & 164 Clark St., Chicago.
PREFACE.
The narrative of the greatest railroad disaster on record is a task
which has been undertaken in the following pages. No event has awakened
more wide-spread interest for many years, and the calamity will not
cease to have its effect for a long time to come. The author has had
unusual facilities for knowing the particulars, and has undertaken the
record of them on this account. A familiarity with the locality, the
place and the citizens, personal observation on the spot during the
night, and a critical examination of the wreck before it was removed
in the morning gave him an exact knowledge of the accident which few
possessed. This, followed by intercourse with the survivors, with the
friends of the deceased, and the representatives of the press, and
by correspondence, which resulted from his assistance in identifying
bodies, and searching for relics, all added to his acquaintance with
the event and its consequences. The author is, however, happy in making
an acknowledgment of assistance from the thorough investigation of
the coroner’s jury, from the faithful presentation of facts by the
reporters of the press, especially those of the “Inter-Ocean” and
the “Cleveland Leader,” also from the pictures taken by the artist
Frederick Blakeslee, and from the articles published and sent by
various friends, which contained sermons, sketches and biographical
notices. He has to acknowledge also encouragements received from Capt
T. E. Truworthy of California, and his publishers J. S. Goodman and
Louis Lloyd & Co.
The discussions before the country in reference to the cause of
this accident, the author has not undertaken to give. These have
been contained in the “Railroad Gazette,” the “Railway Age,” the
“Springfield Republican,” the New York and Chicago dailies, and many
other papers.
Prominent engineers, such as C. P. Buckingham, Clemans Herschel, E. C.
Davis, L. H. Clark, Col. C. R. Morton, E. S. Cheseborough, Edward S.
Philbrick, D. V. Wood, F. R. Smith and many others have passed their
opinion upon it.
The accident at first seemed to involve the question of the use of iron
for bridges, and whether the European system was not better than the
American, and a comment upon this was given by Charles Collins, when he
testified that $25,000 more would have erected a stone bridge. Yet as
the discussions continued, the conclusion seems to have been reached
that riveted iron bridges might be safe if properly constructed, and
the engineers appointed by the State Legislature of Ohio, reported that
they “find nothing in this case to justify our popular apprehension
that there may be some inherent defect in iron as a material for
bridges. We find no evidence of weakness in this bridge, which could
not have been discovered and prevented.”
The erection of iron bridges with the trusses all below the track as
contrasted with so-called “through” bridges has also been discussed.
In this case the tendency to “buckling” where the track is supported
by iron braces rather than suspended from them was most apparent, for
engineer Gottleib testified there was not a single brace which was not
buckled.
The danger from derailment and the fearful result which must follow
in high bridges like this is sufficient argument for the addition of
guards, or some other means to prevent trains from going off.
These questions, however, are for railroad engineers to settle. The
responsibility of the railroad companies to the American public is a
point more important. The “Iron Age,” speaking of this disaster says,
“it is a disquieting accident.” It says also that: “We know there are
plenty of cheap, badly built bridges
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THE WISDOM OF FATHER BROWN
By G. K. Chesterton
To
LUCIAN OLDERSHAW
CONTENTS
1. The Absence of Mr Glass
2. The Paradise of Thieves
3. The Duel of Dr Hirsch
4. The Man in the Passage
5. The Mistake of the Machine
6. The Head of Caesar
7. The Purple Wig
8. The Perishing of the Pendragons
9. The God of the Gongs
10. The Salad of Colonel Cray
11. The Strange Crime of John Boulnois
12. The Fairy Tale of Father Brown
ONE -- The Absence of Mr Glass
THE consulting-rooms of Dr Orion Hood, the eminent criminologist and
specialist in certain moral disorders, lay along the sea-front at
Scarborough, in a series of very large and well-lighted french windows,
which showed the North Sea like one endless outer wall of blue-green
marble. In such a place the sea had something of the monotony of a
blue-green dado: for the chambers themselves were ruled throughout by a
terrible tidiness not unlike the terrible tidiness of the sea. It must
not be supposed that Dr Hood's apartments excluded luxury, or even
poetry. These things were there, in their place; but one felt that they
were never allowed out of their place. Luxury was there: there stood
upon a special table eight or ten boxes of the best cigars; but they
were built upon a plan so that the strongest were always nearest the
wall and the mildest nearest the window. A tantalus containing three
kinds of spirit, all of a liqueur excellence, stood always on this table
of luxury; but the fanciful have asserted that the whisky, brandy, and
rum seemed always to stand at the same level. Poetry was there: the
left-hand corner of the room was lined with as complete a set of
English classics as the right hand could show of English and foreign
physiologists. But if one took a volume of Chaucer or Shelley from that
rank, its absence irritated the mind like a gap in a man's front teeth.
One could not say the books were never read; probably they were, but
there was a sense of their being chained to their places, like the
Bibles in the old churches. Dr Hood treated his private book-shelf as
if it were a public library. And if this strict scientific intangibility
steeped even the shelves laden with lyrics and ballads and the tables
laden with drink and tobacco, it goes without saying that yet more
of such heathen holiness protected the other shelves that held the
specialist's library, and the other tables that sustained the frail and
even fairylike instruments of chemistry or mechanics.
Dr Hood paced the length of his string of apartments, bounded--as the
boys' geographies say--on the east by the North Sea and on the west by
the serried ranks of his sociological and criminologist library. He was
clad in an artist's velvet, but with none of an artist's negligence; his
hair was heavily shot with grey, but growing thick and healthy; his face
was lean, but sanguine and expectant. Everything about him and his room
indicated something at once rigid and restless, like that great northern
sea by which (on pure principles of hygiene) he had built his home.
Fate, being in a funny mood, pushed the door open and introduced into
those long, strict, sea-flanked apartments one who was perhaps the most
startling opposite of them and their master. In answer to a curt but
civil summons, the door opened inwards and there shambled into the room
a shapeless little figure, which seemed to find its own hat and umbrella
as unmanageable as a mass of luggage. The umbrella was a black and
prosaic bundle long past repair; the hat was a broad-curved black hat,
clerical but not common in England; the man was the very embodiment of
all that is homely and helpless.
The doctor regarded the new-comer with a restrained astonishment, not
unlike that he would have shown if some huge but obviously harmless
sea-beast had crawled into his room. The new-comer regarded the doctor
with that beaming but breathless geniality which characterizes a
corpulent charwoman who has just managed to stuff herself into an
omnibus. It is a rich confusion of social self-congratulation and bodily
disarray. His hat tumbled to the carpet, his heavy umbrella slipped
between his knees with a thud; he reached after the one and ducked
after the other, but with an unimpaired smile on his round face spoke
simultaneously as follows:
"My name is Brown. Pray excuse me. I've come about that business of the
MacNabs. I have
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BLACKWOOD'S
Edinburgh
MAGAZINE.
VOL. LX.
JULY-DECEMBER, 1846.
[Illustration]
WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, EDINBURGH
AND
37, PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON.
1846
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE: A few obvious misprints have been corrected, but in
general the originally erratic spelling, punctuation and typesetting
conventions have been retained. Accents in foreign language poetry and
phrases are inconsistent in the original, and have not been
standardized. In "English Hexameters" letter: [=x] is x with a macron,
[)x] is x with a breve. Readers interested in this article are strongly
encouraged to refer to the UTF8 or HTML versions.
BLACKWOOD'S EDINBURGH MAGAZINE.
No. CCCLXIX. JULY, 1846. VOL. LX
CONTENTS.
PERU, 1
LETTERS ON ENGLISH HEXAMETERS. LETTER I., 19
MARLBOROUGH'S DISPATCHES. 1708-1709, 22
THE AMERICANS AND THE ABORIGINES. PART THE LAST, 45
THE DEATH OF ZUMALACARREGUI, 56
NEW SCOTTISH PLAYS AND POEMS, 62
ELINOR TRAVIS. CHAPTER THE SECOND, 83
MORE ROGUES IN OUTLINE, 101
THE LAST RECOLLECTIONS OF NAPOLEON, 110
EDINBURGH:
WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS, 45, GEORGE STREET;
AND 37, PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON.
_To whom all Communications (post paid) must be addressed._
SOLD BY ALL THE BOOKSELLERS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM.
PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE AND HUGHES, EDINBURGH.
PERU.[1]
A clever book of travels, over ground comparatively untrodden, is in
these days a welcome rarity. No dearth is there of vapid narratives by
deluded persons, who, having leisure to travel, think they must also
have wit to write: with these we have long been surfeited, and
heartily grateful do we feel to the man who strikes out a new track,
follows it observantly, and gives to the world, in pleasant and
instructive form, the result of his observations. Such a traveller we
have had the good fortune to meet with, and now present to our
readers.
We take it that no portion of the globe's surface, of equal extent,
and comprising an equal number of civilized, or at least
semi-civilized, states, is less known to the mass of Europeans than
the continent of South America. Too distant and dangerous for the
silken tourist, to whom steam-boats and dressing-cases are
indispensable, it does not possess, in a political point of view, that
kind of importance which might induce governments to stimulate its
exploration. As a nest of mushroom republics, continually fighting
with each other and revolutionizing themselves--a land where
throat-cutting is a popular pastime, and earthquakes, fevers more or
less yellow, and vermin rather more than less venomous, are amongst
the indigenous comforts of the soil--it is notorious, and has been
pretty generally avoided. Braving these dangers and disagreeables, a
German of high reputation as a naturalist and man of letters, has
devoted four years of a life valuable to science to a residence and
travels in the most interesting district of South America; the ancient
empire of the Incas, the scene of the conquests and cruelties of
Francisco Pizarro.
"The scientific results of my travels," says Dr Tschudi in his brief
preface, "are recorded partly in my _Investigation of the Fauna
Peruana_[2] and partly in appropriate periodicals: the following
volumes are an attempt to satisfy the claim which an enlightened
public may justly make on the man who visits a country in reality but
little known."
We congratulate the doctor on the good success of his attempt. The
public, whether of Germany or of any other country into whose language
his book may be translated, will be difficult indeed if they desire a
better account of Peru than he has given them.
Bound for the port of Callao, the ship Edmond, in which Dr Tschudi
sailed from Havre-de-Grace, was driven by storms to the coast of
Chili, and first cast anchor in the bay of San
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WHIG AGAINST TORY:
OR, THE
MILITARY ADVENTURES OF A SHOEMAKER.
A TALE OF THE REVOLUTION.
FOR CHILDREN.
1851.
CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION
CHAP. I. Gen P. tells about the early life of Enoch Crosby.
CHAP. II. Gen. P. tells about the war, and how Crosby enlisted as a
soldier for one campaign.
CHAP. III. Gen. P. tells how Crosby again enlisted as a soldier, and
of his singular adventures.
CHAP. IV. Gen. P. tells how Crosby enlisted in the service of the
Committee of Safety, and how he was taken prisoner.
CHAP. V. Gen. P. tells about how Crosby's visit to a mountain cave--
how he was again taken prisoner--and the manner in which he escaped.
CHAP. VII. Gen. P. tells about the farther adventures of Crosby--how
he was obliged to show his secret pass--how he resided at a
Dutchman's--how afterwards he was cruelly beaten and wounded.--
Conclusion.
INTRODUCTION.
"Will you tell me a story this evening, father?" asked William P., a
fine lad of twelve years of age, the son of General P., who had been a
gallant officer in the revolutionary war.
"And what story shall I tell you, my son?" said the general.
"Something about the war, father."
"You are always for hearing about the war, William," said General P.
"I have told you almost all the stories I recollect. And besides,
William, if you love to hear about war so well, when you are young,
you will wish to be a soldier, when you become a man."
"And would you not wish to have me a soldier, father, if war should
come?--you was once a soldier, and I have heard people say, that you
was very brave, and fought like a hero!"
"Well, well, William," said the general, "I must tell you one story
more. Where are Henry and John? You may call them--they will like to
hear the story too."
(_Enter William, Henry and John_.)
_Henry_. "Father! William says you are going to tell us a story about
the war! what----"
[Illustration]
_John_. "Shall you tell us about some battle, where you fought?"
_Gen. P_. "Sit down, my children, sit down. Did I ever tell you about
_Enoch Crosby_?"
_William_. "_Enoch Crosby_? why, I never heard of such a man."
_Henry_. "Nor did I."
_Gen. P_. "I suppose not; but he was a brave man, and did that for his
country, which is worthy to be told."
_John_. "Was he a general, father?"
_Gen. P_. "No; he was a _spy_."
_William_. "A spy! a spy! father, I thought a spy was an odious
character?"
_Gen. P_. "Well, a real spy is generally so considered. I think it
would be more appropriate to say, that he was an _informer_. During
the war, many Americans were employed to obtain information about the
enemy. They were often soldiers, and received pay, as did the
soldiers, and sometimes obtained information, which was very
important, especially about the _tories_, or such Americans as
favoured the British cause."
_Henry_. "Is that the meaning of the word tory?"
_Gen. P_. "Yes; tories were Americans, who wished that the British
aims might succeed, and the king of England might still be king of the
colonies. Those who wished differently, and who fought against the
British, were called _whigs_."
_John_. "Was Crosby a whig?"
_Gen. P_. "Yes; no man could be more devoted to the liberty of his
country."
_William_. "Whence were the names whig and tory derived?"
_Gen. P_. "Do you wish to know the _original meaning_ of the words, my
son?"
_William_. "Yes, sir."
_Gen. P_. "The word _tory_, the learned Webster says, was derived from
the Irish, in which language it signifies a _robber. Tor_, in that
language, means a _bush_; and hence _tory_, a robber, or bushman;
because robbers often secrete themselves in the bushes. The meaning of
the word _whig_, I am unable to tell you. Its origin is uncertain. It
was applied, as I told you, to those who fought for the liberty of
America."
_William_. "If the word tory means a robber, it was very properly
applied to those, who wished to _rob_ the people of America of their
rights--don't you think so, father?"
_Gen. P_. "Exactly so, William--a very just remark."
_John_. "Father! I thought you was going
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Produced by Charlie Howard and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
THE REALITY OF WAR
THE
REALITY OF WAR
A COMPANION
TO CLAUSEWITZ
BY
MAJOR STEWART L. MURRAY
LATE GORDON HIGHLANDERS
POPULAR EDITION EDITED BY
A. HILLIARD ATTERIDGE
LONDON
HODDER AND STOUGHTON
WARWICK SQUARE, E.C.
HUGH REES, LTD.
5 REGENT STREET, S.W.
_Reprinted in 1914_
EDITOR'S PREFACE
Great books, the masterpieces of the special branch of knowledge with
which they deal, are often very big books; and busy men, who have not
unlimited
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