The ESCB comprises the ECB and the national central banks of all 28 EU Member States, whereas the Eurosystem is limited to the ECB and the central banks of Member States in the euro area (whose function is to apply the monetary policy decided by the ECB).
ESCB sestavljajo ECB in nacionalne centralne banke vseh 28 držav članic EU, medtem ko je Eurosistem omejen na ECB in centralne banke držav članic v euroobmočju (katerega funkcija je uporabljati monetarno politiko, o kateri odloča ECB).