2019 United Kingdom wildfires, Background
Wildfires are a common annual occurrence in the United Kingdom, though they are rarely serious and generally have a limited impact. According to the Forestry Commission, between 2009 and 2017 an average of 4,600 hectares (11,000 acres; 18 sq mi) of land was burned by wildfire incidents every year in England, with the majority covering less than 1 hectare (2.5 acres; 12,000 sq yd) and only five exceeding an area greater than 1,000 hectares (2,500 acres; 3.9 sq mi).


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, Background
With the exception of years featuring higher than average rainfall, wildfires in the United Kingdom typically occur in two spells between March and April and July and September, and are uncommon before spring. Controlled burns to manage the growth of heather are permitted in England and Scotland from October until mid-April.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, Background
The United Kingdom had previously experienced a large number of wildfires in the summer 2018 following spells of high temperatures and low levels of precipitation in the preceding months. Other notable episodes of increased national wildfire activity have occurred with years of lower than average precipitation, such as in 1976, 2003, 2006, and 2011.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, Causes
Elevated temperatures in February and April have been cited as contributory factors to the extent of the wildfires so early in the year. On 26 February the highest winter temperature ever recorded in the United Kingdom was reached with 21.2 °C (70.2 °F) registered at Kew Gardens. This was caused by a high pressure system over central Europe driving air from southern latitudes towards the United Kingdom and Ireland, bringing dry, settled conditions and unseasonably warm weather.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, Causes
England, Scotland and Wales all broke their regional temperature records, with England and Wales exceeding 20.0 °C (68.0 °F) in winter for the first time. The Easter weekend in late April additionally saw very warm conditions. Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland all had their hottest Easter Sunday on record on 20 April, with all four countries of the United Kingdom recording their hottest ever Easter Monday temperatures the following day.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, Causes
Comparatively low rainfall over the winter was also suggested as increasing the probability of the wildfires, with the lack of moisture combining with the high temperatures in February to dry out vegetation, creating an easily flammable source within the grasslands and moorlands at an earlier stage of the year than usual. A spell of dry weather during the middle of April was also described by the Met Office as a factor that heightened the risk of the later fires.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, Causes
The impact of climate change in partly driving conditions conducive to wildfires in the United Kingdom is uncertain. Research does however suggest the probability of wildfires across moorlands in the Peak District will increase with warmer and drier weather.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, February
Fires in three separate locations across England and Scotland broke out on 26 February, the day that saw the country's warmest winter temperature on record. Two separate fires reported one hour apart struck Ashdown Forest in West Sussex that afternoon, affecting 14 hectares (35 acres; 0.054 sq mi) of woodland, with a third noted shortly afterwards. The fires caused no injuries and were brought under control by 5pm that day after sixty-five firefighters attended the scene. It was later revealed that the first two fires had been unintentionally started by volunteers clearing gorse from the woodland, with an unexpected rush of wind and warm temperatures blowing a managed burn out of control.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, February
Other fires reported during the day included a grassland blaze Lancashire, a gorse fire in Glyndyfrdwy, Denbighshire, in which a man was taken to hospital after being trapped in his tractor by the flames, and in Aberdare. Emergency services also responded to several fires on Cornwall's Lizard peninsula thought to be caused by arson.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, February
Later on the evening of 26 February a fire broke out on Saddleworth Moor in West Yorkshire, rapidly spreading across 390 hectares (960 acres; 1.5 sq mi). The same night saw approximately 800 square metres (0.20 acres; 960 sq yd) of gorse burn at Arthur's Seat in Edinburgh, prompting almost 200 calls to the emergency services. By the morning of 27 February both fires were brought under control, though Public Health England advised residents of communities close to Saddleworth Moor to remain indoors and close windows to avoid inhaling smoke. Though there were no reported injuries at Arthur's Seat, concerns were raised over the fire's impact on rare species living at the site, such as the bordered brown lacewing, whose distribution across the United Kingdom comprised just one other site in Scotland.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
By 23 April ninety-six wildfires greater than 25 hectares (62 acres; 0.097 sq mi) had been recorded in the United Kingdom, eclipsing the total observed in the whole of 2018 and equalling that year's burned land area of approximately 18,000 hectares (44,000 acres; 69 sq mi).


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
Over the Easter weekend (18–21 April) England saw temperatures rise as high as 25.8 °C (78.4 °F). On 20 April Ilkley Moor in West Yorkshire was ablaze with two fires covering an area of approximately 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres; 30,000 sq yd). Fire crews remained on the moor for two days and a man was later charged with arson. On 21 April a barbecue caused a second fire in the county to break out on Marsden Moor, a Site of Special Scientific Interest thirty-five miles away, drawing more than fifty firefighters to the site.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
More than 280 hectares (690 acres; 1.1 sq mi) of moorland was affected, destroying more than £200,000 of habitat restoration work and imperiling the nesting sites of some species of birds, such as curlews, whose populations in the United Kingdom are considered under threat. By 23 April the National Trust, the owners of Marsden Moor, reported that the fire had spread to cover 3,700 hectares (9,100 acres; 14 sq mi) and described it as the most substantial blaze to hit the area for years.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
Other fires across England in late April included a series of twelve blazes over Dartmoor on 22 April, with eight crews battling burning vegetation spanning 7 miles (11 km). A moorland fire near Tintwistle in Derbyshire was also tackled on the same day.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
The evening of 13 April saw a forest fire emerge between Loch Bradan and Loch Doon in East Ayrshire, the source of which, while unknown, was suggested by the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service (SFRS) to have been exacerbated by the recent dry weather. Thirty-five firefighters also tackled a 100 hectares (250 acres; 0.39 sq mi) fire near Ballindalloch in Moray that evening, and helped by a helicopter waterbombing the area the blaze was extinguished by the afternoon of 15 April. Emergency services were further alerted on 14 April to two fires in the Scottish Highlands near Kinbrace in Sutherland and near John O'Groats.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
On 19 April the SFRS issued a wildfire warning and urged the public to abide by the Scottish Outdoor Access Code to minimise any further risk of fire formation. That day a number of fires across moorland and grassland on the Isle of Bute were extinguished with no injuries. A blaze covering 30 hectares (74 acres; 0.12 sq mi) later broke out in Lochaber on 21 April, and flames took hold of grassland in West Dunbartonshire on the evening of 22 April.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
A wildfire broke out in Knockando, Scotland on the 22nd around 3pm. It was described as 'one of the largest fires the UK has seen in years'. In the first day, the fire destroyed more than 25 square miles (16,000 acres). The blaze created a plume of smoke that could be seen from space. By the 25th, firefighters thought they had tackled most of the blaze and left the scene. However, they were called back on the 26th when it was reignited. This further fire destroyed 50 square kilometres (19 sq mi), as of the 29th.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
At its height, around 80 firefighters, two helicopters, 19 fire engines and specialist resources were called upon to help tackle the fire, which was on four fronts. At its height, around 80 firefighters, two helicopters, 19 fire engines and specialist resources were called upon to help tackle the fire, which was on four fronts. Additionally, the fire caused several nearby properties to be evacuated. The fire was fully extinguished by 9 May.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, April
In Wales a series of grassland fires on the Gower peninsula were reported over three days to 15 April, causing local road closures and raising concerns over the potential ecological damage. That evening two large grassland fires fanned by strong winds spread in Rhondda Cynon Taff and Rhigos before being extinguished the following morning.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, May
On 13 May the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service issued a wildfire warning for parts of Scotland after temperatures were forecast to rise above 20 °C. The day before a fire had broken out between Melvich and Strathy in the Scottish Highlands which burned for six days and destroyed 8,100 hectares (20,000 acres; 31 sq mi) of Flow Country peatland across Caithness and Sutherland, including approximately 610 hectares (1,500 acres; 2.4 sq mi) of the Forsinard Flows National Nature Reserve. Electricity to 800 households in Sutherland was also disrupted.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, May
Control over the blaze was assisted by rainfall over the night of 17–18 May, which also helped tackle a further fire burning across heath and woodland to the south of Forres in Moray since 16 May. A study published at the end of 2019 by WWF Scotland estimated that the Flow Country fire doubled Scotland's carbon emissions for the six days it was active by releasing 700,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent stored within the peatland.


2019 United Kingdom wildfires, May
In England firefighters returned to Ilkley Moor in West Yorkshire on the morning of 18 May after the area was set ablaze for the second time in the space of a month.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference
The 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, also known as COP25, is the 25th United Nations Climate Change conference. It was held in Madrid, Spain, from 2 to 13 December 2019 under the presidency of the Chilean government. The conference incorporated the 25th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the 15th meeting of the parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP15), and the second meeting of the parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA2).


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Prelude
The conference was planned to be held in Brazil in November 2019, but a year before the planned start, newly-elected President Jair Bolsonaro withdrew the offer to host the event, citing economic reasons. Then Chile stepped up and became the new host, but social unrest in the lead-up to the meeting forced it late October 2019 to withdraw from hosting. Then by mutual agreement between the UN, Chile, and Spain, the latter became the new host.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Prelude
Various climate activists had set out from Europe to South America by sailboat, before the decision had been taken to relocate COP25 to Madrid. In mid-November, some of these activists joined an alternative conference, the "Forest COP", near the centre of the Amazon jungle, in Terra do Meio. The event was attended by indigenous leaders, scientists and academics such as Eduardo Góes Neves, and activists such as Nadezhda Tolokonnikova. After the Forest COP, a follow-on event, "Amazônia Centro do Mundo" (Amazon: The Centre of the World) took place on 17 November in nearby Altamira.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Event planning
In November, Teresa Ribera, the Spanish Minister for the Ecological Transition, announced the conference would be held at the IFEMA facilities in Madrid. The Spanish government divided the COP25 into two zones, one blue and one green. The blue zone hosted sessions for negotiation between the parties of the COP. This included the 15th session of the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol and the 2nd session of the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement. The blue zone also hosted events and activities run by NGO actors and side events organized by states other than Spain.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Event planning
The green zone was dedicated to civil society initiatives aiming to promote social participation. This area was divided into three thematic sub-zones: one involving youth events, the second designated to indigenous peoples, and the third focused on science and innovation. The green zone was intended to be an open-dialogue pavilion for all types of civil actors, ranging from NGOs to businesses, academia and sponsors.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Event planning
The event was supported among others by Iberdrola, Endesa, Santander, Suez, Telefonica, Fundación Abertis, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, Acciona and Indra.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Participants
Harjeet Singh, of environmental group ActionAid International, said that moving the summit from Chile to Spain with only four weeks' notice presented "real barriers to participation" for delegates from the southern hemisphere.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Participants
In August 2019, youth climate change activist Greta Thunberg and her father Svante sailed from Plymouth, England across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas in sailboat Malizia II to participate in the UN Climate Action Summit in New York City in September. At that time it was not clear how she was going to return to Europe, but she was planning to go on to Chile for the conference. With the move of the conference to Madrid, the need to return to Europe became more urgent.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Participants
Teresa Ribera, as Spain's environment minister, offered her help in finding a way to travel to the conference. Riley Whitelum and his wife, Elayna Carausu, two Australians who had been sailing around the world aboard their 48-foot (15 m) catamaran, La Vagabonde, took Thunberg  back across the Atlantic. On 13 November 2019, Thunberg set sail from Hampton, Virginia for Lisbon, Portugal. Her departing message was the same as it has been since she began her activism: "My message to the Americans is the same as to everyone – that is to unite behind the science and to act on the science."


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Participants
Speaker of the US House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi led a 15-member Congressional delegation to the talks to demonstrate continued U.S. support for the negotiations, despite the Trump administration's decision to pull the U.S. out of the Paris Agreement.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Participants
Ecuadorian environmental activist Helena Gualinga participated. She spoke about her concern on the Ecuadorian government authorizing oil extraction in indigenous land. She said: "Our country's government is still granting our territories to the corporations responsible of climate change. This is criminal." She criticized the Ecuadorian government for claiming interest in protecting the Amazon during the conference instead of attending indigenous Amazon women's demands brought to the government during the 2019 Ecuadorian protests. She also expressed her disappointment towards world leaders' lack of interest to discuss topics brought by indigenous peoples to the conference.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Negotiations
The last part of the Paris regime that remains to be resolved is Article 6, which describes rules for a carbon market and other forms of international cooperation. In the COP24 conference no agreement could be reached on this topic. Several politically difficult decisions have to be made for this article. Negative emissions could be traded under the Kyoto Protocol to offset emissions by developed countries, but many of these negative emission projects would have happened anyway without the extra incentive from the Kyoto Protocol, so that this mechanism was described as 'hot air'. International trading of carbon can make overall emission cuts cheaper. If negotiations about this fail, it will come up again in 2020's COP26 (postponed to 2021).


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Negotiations
According to scientists, talks focused on some of the rules for implementing the 2015 Paris agreement, but the overriding issue of how fast the world needs to cut greenhouse gas emissions has received little official attention. Urgent UN talks on tackling the climate emergency are still not addressing the true scale of the crisis, one of the world’s leading climate scientists has warned.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Negotiations
Negotiations concluded on 15 December 2019, two days after the stated deadline.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Results
The results of the conference were disappointing at a time when climate action and concrete measures are considered urgent. Alden Meyer, director of strategy and policy for the Union of Concerned Scientists who has attended climate negotiations since 1991, stated that he had never seen before the almost total disconnect between what the science requires and what the climate negotiations are delivering in terms of meaningful action. Greenpeace executive director Jennifer Morgan summarized the prevalent opinion: “Climate blockers like Brazil and Saudi Arabia, enabled by an irresponsibly weak Chilean leadership, peddled carbon deals and steamrolled scientists and civil society”. The decisions about the carbon market and emissions cuts were delayed to the next climate conference in Glasgow. The United States, Russia, India, China, Brazil and Saudi Arabia were the main opponents of these measures.


2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Results
On the other side, the European Union reached an agreement about The European Green Deal that should lower its emissions to zero by 2050. Also, many commitments were made by countries, cities, businesses and international coalitions. For example, the Climate Ambitious Coalition contains now "73 countries committed to net zero emissions by 2050, as well as a further 1214 actors (regions, cities, businesses, investors) who have pledged the same goal". All the information about the pledges (governmental and non-governmental) is streamed to the Global Climate Action portal.


2019 United Nations Security Council election
The 2019 United Nations Security Council election was held on 7 June during the 73rd session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The elections are for five non-permanent seats on the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 2020.


2019 United Nations Security Council election
In accordance with the Security Council's rotation rules, whereby the ten non-permanent UNSC seats rotate among the various regional blocs into which UN member states traditionally divide themselves for voting and representation purposes, the five available seats are allocated as follows:


2019 United Nations Security Council election
The five members will serve on the Security Council for the 2020–21 period.


2019 United Nations Security Council election
Notably, St. Vincent and the Grenadines set a new record as the smallest ever Security Council member. Both St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Estonia were elected to the Council for the first time.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team
The United States men's national basketball team competed in the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup and finished in seventh place. After winning the past two World Cups in 2010 and 2014, they were seeking to become the first country to capture three straight gold medals. With high-profile players electing not to participate, Team USA was devoid of A-list players from the National Basketball Association (NBA). They lost to France in the quarterfinals, ending their 58-game winning streak in FIBA (International Basketball Federation) and Olympic competition. Normally played every four years, the tournament was moved from its expected 2018 playing to avoid conflicting with  soccer's World Cup schedule.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team
After rule changes by FIBA in 2015, the US no longer automatically qualified for the World Cup despite winning the Olympics in 2016. Changes in timing also resulted in the qualifying rounds overlapping with the NBA's season. Consequently, USA Basketball decided to deploy squads of players mostly from the NBA G League, the NBA's development league. Coached by Jeff Van Gundy, they qualified the US for the World Cup, where the Americans switched to a team of NBA players coached by Gregg Popovich. They finished the World Cup as one of the top two countries in the Americas, directly qualifying them for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Background
In 2015, FIBA changed the World Cup qualification process into a two-round tournament of home-and-away round robins over 16 months, which was similar to FIFA World Cup's process for soccer. Olympic gold no longer resulted in an automatic World Cup bid. The US was in the Americas group of 16 teams battling for 12 spots in the second round of the qualifying stage and finally for seven World Cup berths. To be eligible for the World Cup, the US first had to participate in the 2017 FIBA AmeriCup. The United States had not played in the FIBA Americas tournament since 2007; they had been exempt from qualifying, having won every prior Olympics and world championships.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Background
Players for the qualifying squads were chosen by a USA Basketball qualification committee. Their teams were made up of players primarily from the NBA G League, since FIBA had changed the World Cup qualifiers from summer to year-round, most of which conflicted with the seasons of top professional leagues such as the NBA and the EuroLeague. Unlike in soccer, there is no culture for leagues to schedule in-season breaks for players to compete for their national team.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Background
The coach for the qualifiers was Jeff Van Gundy, who is a basketball analyst for ESPN/ABC and a former NBA head coach who coached in the NBA Finals. He made his national team coaching debut in the 2017 Americup. Van Gundy and his squads were tasked with qualifying the US for the World Cup, when the U.S would switch to a team of NBA players coached by Gregg Popovich. The five-time NBA champion Popovich of the San Antonio Spurs took over the national team from Mike Krzyzewski, who won three Olympic gold medals and two World Cups for the US.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Qualification
Playing games in North and South America, the US qualified for the World Cup after going 10–2. They relied on an assortment G League players and free agents, using a total of 54 different players in the 12 games.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Qualification, First round
In the first round of qualification, games were played in three windows in November 2017 along with February and June 2018. The November team included four players from the US squad that went 5–0 to win the AmeriCup. Only two players—forward Travis Wear and guard Larry Drew II—returned for Team USA in their second qualifying window. The final window was also the first that was not during the NBA season. While some NBA players joined their national teams, the US continued playing with G League players.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Qualification, First round
Trey McKinney-Jones and Marcus Thornton joined the Americans after needing to withdraw in February on account of 10-day contracts they had signed with NBA teams. On June 28, 2018, the US lost 78–70 to Mexico. It was the Americans first loss under Van Gundy and just the second defeat in 30 games against Mexico. It was also Team USA's first loss at the national-team level since 2006.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Qualification, First round
The Mexico squad had just four players from its November team that lost by 36 points to the US They added players from various professional leagues who were unavailable earlier, including former NBA player Gustavo Ayón, who was coming off a EuroLeague championship with Real Madrid. The Americans advanced after finishing the round 5–1.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Qualification, Second round
In the first window of the second round, the US roster had a larger presence of players with NBA experience, though they were still mainly G League players. The June–July window in the first round conflicted with the NBA free agency period and NBA Summer League, while its first two windows were during the NBA season. For the second window, the United States again relied exclusively on G-Leaguers, using nine current players and three free agents with previous NBA experience. Nine of the 12 players had not played in the eight earlier qualifiers. The US qualified for the World Cup after rallying with a late 12–0 run against Uruguay to win 78–70.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, World Cup roster
An initial pool of 35 players was named in April 2018 as candidates for the United States' 12-man roster. The list included 11 members from their 2016 Olympic gold-medal team, and five players who had won nine of the previous 10 NBA Most Valuable Player Awards. The US held its first minicamp in July 2018, which 23 of the 35 players attended. In the past, USA Basketball managing director Jerry Colangelo had mandated that players attended camps or risk disqualification; however, rules were relaxed in recent years.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, World Cup roster
In June 2019, a group of 20 players were initially invited to training camp to be held in Las Vegas in early August. A number of players withdrew leading up to camp, but replacements were named, leaving 15 candidates to vie for 12 spots on the World Cup roster. Only four of the remaining players had been NBA All-Stars: Brook Lopez, Kyle Lowry, Khris Middleton, and Kemba Walker. Of the 11 Americans who were among the 15 All-NBA selections in 2018–19, only third-team member Walker remained. Lowry withdrew after his thumb had not recovered from surgery a month earlier to repair a torn tendon he suffered in the 2019 NBA playoffs during the Toronto Raptors' championship run.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, World Cup roster
Harrison Barnes was the only player with Olympic experience (2016) on the final US roster. It had become customary for the Americans' World Cup teams to have few former Olympians. Barnes and Mason Plumlee (2014 World Cup) were the only former senior-level national team players. While Team USA typically drew fewer star players for the World Cup than the Olympics, the turnout was low even by World Cup standards. Only four members from the original 35-player pool were left on the final roster. A factor cited by Colangelo was FIBA moving the World Cup and the Olympics to back-to-back years, and its conflicts with the NBA schedule. Six NBA teams had preseason games scheduled overseas in 2019–20.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, World Cup roster
The US team was left with only two players, Middleton and Walker, who were All-Stars in the prior season. Measured either by All-Star or All-NBA selections, the remaining roster ranked among the least accomplished of any US Olympic or World Cup roster made up of NBA players since they were first allowed in 1992. Excluded was the 1998 World Championship team, which did not include NBA players due to the 1998–99 NBA lockout; they used a mix of non-NBA pro players and college players and finished with the bronze medal.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, World Cup roster
The 2019 squad's two All-Stars from the prior season tied the low set by the 2004 Olympic team, which infamously did not win gold, for the fewest players coming off an All-Star season leading up to an international competition. The five career All-Star appearances of Lopez, Middleton, and Walker was the lowest ever, roughly half the total of past World Cup squads. Their All-NBA total also ranked the lowest.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, World Cup roster
Walker, who had recently signed with the Boston Celtics as a free agent, was joined on the US team by Celtics teammates Jaylen Brown, Jayson Tatum, and Marcus Smart. It was the first time Team USA had four teammates from the same NBA team.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Exhibition games
Team USA was 3–1 in exhibition games. They split two games against Australia, losing the second game 98–94. The loss ended a 78-game winning streak in major major international tournaments and exhibitions with an NBA roster, which dates back to the 2006 FIBA World Championship team.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Group phase, First round, Czech Republic
Donovan Mitchell scored a team-high 16 points and led all Americans with 25 minutes played as the US won 88–67 over the Czech Republic. The Czechs took an early 11–7 lead, but the US pretty much cruised the rest of the way. NBA player Tomáš Satoranský scored a game-high 17 points and added five assists for the Czech Republic, whose game plan was to have their 6-foot-7-inch (2.01 m) point guard use his 6-inch (15 cm) advantage over Walker. However, Walker held his own on defense and had 13 points along with four assists. Barnes was the second-leading scorer for Team USA with 14 points.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Group phase, First round, Turkey
Middleton made two free throws with 2.1 seconds remaining in overtime to put the US ahead 93–92, and they hung on to win after Turkey's Ersan Ilyasova missed a 3-pointer as time expired. The Turks were ahead 92–91 with under 20 seconds remaining, but Cedi Osman and Doğuş Balbay missed four straight free throws to keep the Americans in the game. Tatum had forced overtime by making two of his three free throws after he was fouled shooting a 3-pointer with 0.1 seconds left in regulation.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Group phase, First round, Turkey
The US led 10–2 early, and were never behind in the first half. They led 26–21 after one quarter, and were up 41–26 with 5:33 remaining in the half. However, US-born Scottie Wilbekin, who was naturalized in Turkey a year before, led a 12–0 run, and the contest remained close for the rest of the game. Ranked No. 17 in the world, Turkey figured to be the US team's toughest competition in the first round. Their lineup featured NBA players Ilyasova, Osman, Furkan Korkmaz and Semih Erden. Ilyasova had a game-high 23 points and 14 rebounds in 38 minutes. The Turks played most of the game using a 2–3 zone defense, which stalled Team USA's offense. The Americans made 14-of-40 from 3-point range and just 13-of-37 on 2-pointers.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Group phase, First round, Turkey
Tatum sprained his left ankle while making the pass to a driving Middleton which led to the game-winning free throws. Initially ruled out for at least the next two games, he missed the remainder of the World Cup.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Group phase, First round, Japan
The US raced out to an 11–0 lead en route to a 53-point win over Japan, 98–45. Brown had 20 points and seven rebounds, and Walker scored 15 and Barnes added 14 in the Americans' best offensive performance to date. Team USA held Rui Hachimura, Japan's top player and the No. 9 overall pick of the 2019 NBA draft, to four points on two-of-eight shooting. Yudai Baba led the Japanese with 18 points and was their only player to score in double figures.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Group phase, First round, Japan
In addition to missing Tatum, the US played without Smart, who was suffering a left quad strain. Smart had missed most of training camp with a calf strain, also on his left side. The Americans had already qualified for the next round, which lowered the stakes for the game.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Group phase, Second round, Greece
Walker scored a team-high 15 points and had six assists in a 69–53 win over Greece. The NBA's reigning most valuable player, Giannis Antetokounmpo, had 15 points and 13 rebounds for the Greeks, but his plus-minus was -17 when he was in the game. Coach Popovich went to a small lineup at times, enabling the United States to switch effectively on pick and rolls by Antetokounmpo. American center Lopez did not play at all in the game. Antetokounmpo and his brother, Thanasis Antetokounmpo, had to be separated from the US team after a hard foul by Thanasis late in the game left Barnes on his stomach.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Group phase, Second round, Brazil
Walker and Myles Turner each scored 16 points in a 89–73 win over Brazil. The US advanced to the quarterfinals, and also clinched a berth in the 2020 Summer Olympics as one of the top two finishing teams from the Americas (along with Argentina).


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Final round, France
France came back from a seven-point fourth quarter deficit to win 89–79 over the US, ending the Americans' 58-game winning streak in FIBA and Olympic competition. Evan Fournier scored 22 points and reigning back-to-back NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award winner Rudy Gobert had 21 points and 16 rebounds for the French. Mitchell had 29 points for Team USA, but he was held scoreless in the final period. The loss dropped the US into the fifth-place bracket.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Final round, France
In the third quarter, Team USA was faced with its first 10-point deficit of the tournament, when Popovich went to a small lineup. The United States went on a 20–9 run to lead 66–63 entering the final period. However, the French outscored the Americans 20–5 over the final 6:59. The US missed seven of their 11 free throws in the quarter and committed three turnovers in the final 3:07.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Final round, Serbia
Bogdan Bogdanović scored 28 points to lead Serbia to a 94–89 win over the United States, who were assured of their worst major tournament finish ever, surpassing their sixth-place showing in the 2002 World Championship. The Serbs outscored the Americans 32–7 in the first quarter for a 25-point lead, but the US held a 33–12 advantage in the second period to trail 44–40 at the half. Entering the tournament, the US and Serbia were considered the favorites to meet for the gold medal.


2019 United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team, Final round, Poland
The United States won 87–74 over Poland to finish the World Cup in seventh place. The Americans received strong performances from Mitchell (16 points and 10 assists) and Joe Harris (14 points). The US was up 17 points at halftime, but Poland kept the match close for much of the second half.


2019 United States Grand Prix
The 2019 United States Grand Prix (officially known as the Formula 1 Emirates United States Grand Prix 2019) was a Formula One motor race held on 3 November 2019 at the Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas, United States.


2019 United States Grand Prix
The race was the 19th round of the 2019 Formula One World Championship and marked the 49th running of the United States Grand Prix, the 41st time that the race was run as a World Championship event since the inaugural 1950 season, and the 8th time that a World Championship round was held at the Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas.


2019 United States Grand Prix
Valtteri Bottas won the race from pole, Lewis Hamilton finished second with Max Verstappen third. In finishing second, Hamilton secured his sixth world championship.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Background, Championship standings before the race
Heading into the race, Mercedes had already secured their sixth consecutive Constructors title. But the Drivers Championship was still undecided with Lewis Hamilton leading the World Championship by 74 points over teammate Valtteri Bottas. Hamilton would win the title if Bottas failed to outscore him by 22 points. This meant that if Bottas failed to win or if Hamilton finished in the top eight (or top nine with the fastest lap) Hamilton would win his sixth title and his third consecutively.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Background, Entrants
The drivers and teams were the same as the season entry list with no additional stand-in drivers for the race. However, Nicholas Latifi drove in the first practice session for Williams, replacing George Russell.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Practice
At the end of the second practice session Sergio Pérez failed to stop when instructed at the weigh bridge and he was therefore required to start the race from the pit lane.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
On the opening lap Valtteri Bottas maintained his lead going into the first corner and Charles Leclerc lost 4th place to Lewis Hamilton at turn 1. Alexander Albon and Carlos Sainz Jr. collided with Albon entering the pits for repairs at the end of the first lap. The collision was later deemed a racing incident by the stewards and neither driver was reprimanded. Sebastian Vettel immediately encountered problems complaining of severe understeer despite avoiding contact with other drivers. By the start of the second lap Vettel had dropped to 7th place losing positions to Max Verstappen, Hamilton, Leclerc, Lando Norris and Daniel Ricciardo.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
On lap 8, Vettel, still in 7th place, ran over a bumpy section of kerb on the exit of turn 9 causing his right-rear suspension to fail. He pulled over to the side of the track on the straight after turn 11 where his car was quickly removed by the marshals. Shortly afterwards Ricciardo passed Norris to claim 5th place. Verstappen was the first of the front-runners to make a scheduled pit stop at the end of lap 13 switching to hard-compound tyres.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
At this point in the race it was uncertain whether these tyres would last until the end or if Verstappen would require another stop. Bottas, who was still leading the race, came into the pits on the following lap for hard-compound tyres and maintained his position ahead of Verstappen upon exiting the pits.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
The Ferrari of Leclerc, which was struggling for pace, was passed by both Bottas and Verstappen on lap 16 despite having yet to make a pit stop. Leclerc's problems were then exacerbated by a slow pit stop on lap 20. Hamilton, who was leading the race, was told by his team to pit on lap 23 to avoid holding up teammate, Bottas, who was close behind. Hamilton refused, claiming that his tyres were able to last longer and he was overtaken by Bottas for the lead before pitting at the end of the lap. This made the order of the top four Bottas, Verstappen, Hamilton and Leclerc after the first round of pit stops for the front-runners.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
Robert Kubica was retired from the race on lap 32 after his Williams suffered an oil leak. The kerb on the exit of turn 9 continued to cause problems for other drivers after ending Vettel's race, with Sainz suffering bodywork damage on lap 34 after driving over it. Verstappen made a second stop on the same lap as his tyres began to wear out and the gap to Hamilton behind was narrowing. Mercedes responded to Verstappen on the following lap by bringing in Bottas, as they had done earlier in the race. Bottas maintained his position ahead of Verstappen but was now ten seconds behind race leader Hamilton.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
Hamilton began to question his team's strategy, claiming over the radio that he was unsure if his tyres could make it to the end of the race. On lap 37 Albon cleared the midfield after his lap 1 incident by passing Ricciardo for 5th place. However Albon would later have to make a third pit stop, after which he re-passed Sergio Pérez, Pierre Gasly, Sainz, Norris and finally Ricciardo again on lap 48 to reclaim 5th place. Bottas and Verstappen began to close in on Hamilton with Bottas catching up to within one second with six laps to go.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
Bottas finally took the lead of the race on lap 52 after Hamilton had fought off previous attempts. Shortly afterwards Gasly and Pérez made contact as Pérez took 9th place. This resulted in suspension damage for Gasly who came into the pits, rejoined the track, but, returned to the pits a lap later to retire the car from the race.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
Verstappen was now within three seconds of Hamilton but was catching him quickly. However, Verstappen's charge was halted when on the penultimate lap Kevin Magnussen, who was in 16th place, suffered a brake failure at turn 12 and spun into the gravel. This incident brought out yellow flags preventing overtaking into turn 12. Daniil Kvyat collided with Pérez on the final lap whilst attempting an overtake for 10th place breaking Pérez' front wing. Kvyat was handed a 5-second penalty after the race demoting him outside of the points to 12th place.


2019 United States Grand Prix, Race
Bottas crossed the finish line to take his fourth victory of 2019 and the seventh win of his career. Hamilton held off Verstappen to take 2nd place and with it his sixth World Drivers' Championship, making him the outright second most accomplished Formula One driver of all time ahead of Juan Manuel Fangio and behind Michael Schumacher. This also marked Hamilton's 150th podium finish.


2019 United States House of Representatives elections
There were three special elections to the United States House of Representatives in 2019 during the 116th United States Congress.


2019 United States House of Representatives elections
Two of the three seats were won by the party previously holding the seat. One seat, which was left vacant, was picked up by the Republican Party.


2019 United States House of Representatives elections, Pennsylvania's 12th district
Incumbent Republican Tom Marino resigned from office on January 23, 2019 to work in the private sector. Governor Tom Wolf called for an election to be held on May 21, four months after Marino's resignation. Primary elections were not held, with nominees being chosen by each party. Republican nominee Fred Keller secured the seat from the Democratic nominee Marc Friedenberg, who was the only candidate to submit an application.


2019 United States House of Representatives elections, North Carolina's 3rd district
Incumbent Republican Walter B. Jones Jr., who was planning to retire from Congress, died on February 10, 2019. Governor Roy Cooper scheduled the special election for September 10, 2019, with primaries being held on April 30. Republican nominee Greg Murphy won a clear victory, defeating Democrat Allen M. Thomas, Libertarian Tim Harris, and Constitution candidate Greg Holt.


2019 United States House of Representatives elections, North Carolina's 9th district
The seat was left vacant after the results of the 2018 election were uncertified by the state election board due to allegations of electoral fraud. Because of the previous election's slim margin (around 900 votes), this election was considered highly competitive. Primaries were held on May 14, and the general election was held on September 10. Republican nominee Dan Bishop defeated Democratic candidate Dan McCready by a slightly larger margin than Mark Harris.


2019 United States Men's Curling Championship
The 2019 United States Men's Curling Championship was held from February 9 to 16 at the Wings Event Center in Kalamazoo, Michigan. It was held in conjunction with the 2019 United States Women's Curling Championship.


2019 United States Men's Curling Championship, Teams
Ten teams qualified to participate in the 2019 national championship.


2019 United States Men's Curling Championship, Round robin results
All draw times are listed in Eastern Standard Time (UTC−7)


2019 United States Mixed Curling Championship
The 2019 United States Mixed Curling Championship was held from March 24 to 30 in Denver, Colorado.


2019 United States Mixed Curling Championship
The winning team earned the right to represent the United States at the 2019 World Mixed Curling Championship in Aberdeen, Scotland.


2019 United States Mixed Curling Championship, Teams
Ten teams qualified to participate in the 2019 national championship.


2019 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship
The 2019 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship was held from February 27-March 3, 2019 at the Granite Curling Club in Seattle, Washington. Cory Christensen and John Shuster won the tournament, earning the right to represent the United States at the 2019 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship in Stavanger, Norway.


2019 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, Qualification
Nine teams qualified for the championship based on their performance on the World Curling Tour:


2019 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, Qualification
The remaining three teams qualified through the 2019 USA Curling Mixed Doubles Challenge Round:


2019 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, Qualification, Challenge Round
The 2019 USA Curling Mixed Doubles Challenge Round was held December 19 to 23, 2018 at the Grand Forks Curling Club in Grand Forks, North Dakota. Ten teams competed in triple-knockout tournament, with the top three teams earning a spot at the Championship. Husband and wife duo Peter and Maureen Stolt were the first to clinch one of the available berths when they defeated Taylor Anderson and Derrick McLean in the 'A' bracket final.


2019 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, Qualification, Challenge Round
Anderson and McLean then dropped down to the 'B' bracket final where they had another opportunity to earn one of the final two berths, which they did when they defeated Ann Podoll and Nathan Parry. Losing the 'B' bracket final knocked Podoll and Parry down to the 'C' bracket semifinals. Podoll and Parry made it through their semifinal match to face Clare Moores and Lance Wheeler in the 'C' bracket final. Tied at 7-7 after eight ends, Moores and Wheeler scored one in the extra end to secure the final team slot at the Mixed Doubles Championship.


2019 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, Playoffs
The playoffs consisted of a 6-team bracket with the top two teams receiving byes in the quarterfinals.


2019 United States Tri-Nation Series
The 2019 United States Tri-Nation Series was the second round of the 2019–2023 ICC Cricket World Cup League 2 cricket tournament and took place in the United States in September 2019. It was a tri-nation series between Namibia, Papua New Guinea and the United States cricket teams, with the matches played as One Day International (ODI) fixtures. The ICC Cricket World Cup League 2 formed part of the qualification pathway to the 2023 Cricket World Cup. It was the first One Day International series to be played in the USA.


2019 United States Tri-Nation Series
Originally, the Church Street Park cricket ground in Morrisville, was named as the host venue by the International Cricket Council. In July 2019, it was announced that either a new venue in Morgan Hill, California or the Leo Magnus Cricket Complex in Woodley Park in Los Angeles would host the tournament. However, the Central Broward Regional Park in Lauderhill, Florida was chosen as the host venue.


2019 United States Tri-Nation Series
The first fixture of the series saw the United States beat Papua New Guinea by five runs via the DLS method in a rain-affected match. This was the first-ever win for the United States in an ODI match.


2019 United States Virgin Islands electoral system referendum
A referendum on amending the electoral system for the Legislature was held in the United States Virgin Islands on March 30, 2019. Although the proposal was approved by 75% of voters, voter turnout was below 10%, invaliding the result.


2019 United States Virgin Islands electoral system referendum, Background
The referendum was a popular initiative put forward by the St. Croix Government Retirees organization. In order for the initiative to go to a referendum, the organization was required to collect the signatures of at least 10% of registered voters in the two electoral districts, St Croix and St Thomas/St John. They collected 2,343 signatures in St Croix (above the 2,298 required) and 2,553 in St Thomas/St John (where 2,530 were required), meaning that the proposal would be put to a public vote.


2019 United States Virgin Islands electoral system referendum, Background
In order for the referendum result to be valid, a majority would need to vote in favour of the proposal and voter turnout be above 50%.


2019 United States Virgin Islands electoral system referendum, Proposals
Prior to the referendum, the 15 members of the Legislature consisted of fourteen members elected from two seven-member districts (St Croix and St Thomas/St John) and one at-large member (who had to be a St John resident). The proposals would see both St Croix and St Thomas divided into two two-member districts, while St John would be a single-member district. Three at-large members would also be elected from both St Croix and St Thomas.


2019 United States Women's Curling Championship
The 2019 United States Women's Curling Championship was held from February 9 to 16 in Kalamazoo, Michigan. It was held in conjunction with the 2019 United States Men's Curling Championship.


2019 United States Women's Curling Championship, Teams
Eight teams qualified to participate in the 2019 national championship.


2019 United States Women's Curling Championship, Round robin results
All draw times are listed in Eastern Standard Time (UTC−7).


2019 United States attorney general elections
The 2019 United States Attorney General elections were held primarily on November 5, 2019, in 3 states. The previous Attorney General elections for this group of states took place in 2015. One state Attorney General ran for reelection and won, while Democrat Jim Hood of Mississippi and Andy Beshear of Kentucky did not run for re-election to run for Governor.


2019 United States attorney general elections
The elections took place concurrently with the 2019 House of Representatives elections, the 2019 gubernatorial elections, and numerous state and local elections.


2019 United States attorney general elections
Republicans won every seat in this election, with a net gain of two.


2019 United States attorney general elections, Election predictions
Several sites and individuals published predictions of competitive seats. These predictions looked at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent is running for re-election), the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assigned ratings to each seat, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that seat.


2019 United States attorney general elections, Kentucky
The 2019 Kentucky Attorney General election was conducted on November 5. Primary elections occurred on May 21, 2019. The general election was held on November 5, 2019. Incumbent Democratic Attorney General Andy Beshear declined to seek reelection to a second term to successfully run for Governor. Republican Daniel Cameron won with 57.8% of the vote. He became the first Republican elected attorney general of Kentucky since Eldon S. Dummit in 1944, and the state's first black attorney general.


2019 United States attorney general elections, Kentucky, Democratic primary
Greg Stumbo, former Attorney General of Kentucky and former Speaker of the Kentucky House of Representatives, won the Democratic nomination.


2019 United States attorney general elections, Louisiana
The 2019 Louisiana Attorney General election took place on October 12, 2019 to elect the Attorney General of the state of Louisiana, with a runoff election, held on November 16, 2019. Incumbent  Republican Attorney General Jeff Landry ran for a second term.


2019 United States attorney general elections, Louisiana
Under Louisiana's jungle primary system, all candidates appeared on the same ballot, regardless of party, and voters could vote for any candidate, regardless of their party affiliation.


2019 United States attorney general elections, Mississippi
The 2019 Mississippi Attorney General election was held on November 5, 2019, to elect the Attorney General of Mississippi. Incumbent Jim Hood declined to seek re-election to a fifth term, instead running unsuccessfully for Governor. State Treasurer Lynn Fitch won the Republican nomination in a primary runoff against Andy Taggart, and she defeated Democratic nominee Jennifer Riley Collins in the general election. Fitch became the first Republican to hold the office since 1878, as well as the first woman to ever be elected to the position in state history. It also marked the first time in over a century where no members of the Democratic Party held statewide office.


2019 United States elections
The 2019 United States elections were held, in large part, on Tuesday, November 5, 2019. This off-year election included gubernatorial elections in Kentucky, Louisiana, and Mississippi; regularly-scheduled state legislative elections in Louisiana, Mississippi, Virginia, and New Jersey; and special elections for seats in various state legislatures. Numerous citizen initiatives, mayoral races, and a variety of other local elections also occurred. Three special elections to the United States House of Representatives also took place in 2019 as a result of vacancies.


2019 United States elections
Democrats regained the governorship of Kentucky and held the office in Louisiana, despite strong campaign efforts by President Donald Trump for the Republican candidates. Democrats also took control of the state legislature in Virginia. Republicans held the governor's mansion in Mississippi and expanded their control of the Louisiana state legislature and gained seats in the New Jersey state legislature. A major theme in the election results was a suburban revolt against Trump and the Republican Party in general, as these areas swung heavily towards Democratic candidates in local, state, and federal elections.


2019 United States elections, Federal special elections
Three special elections were held in 2019 to fill vacancies during the 116th U.S. Congress:


2019 United States elections, Federal special elections
Additional vacancies occurred in Wisconsin's 7th Congressional district following the resignation of Republican Sean Duffy in September 2019; New York's 27th Congressional district following the October 2019 resignation of Republican Chris Collins ahead of his pleading guilty to insider trading; California's 25th Congressional district following the resignation of Democrat Katie Hill in November 2019; and Maryland's 7th Congressional district following the death of Democrat Elijah Cummings on October 17, 2019. Georgia Republican Sen. Johnny Isakson announced in August 2019 that he would resign on December 31, 2019, due to deteriorating health. Special elections to fill the seats occurred in 2020.


2019 United States elections, Federal special elections, Party switchers
Also during 2019, changes in partisan balance in the House of Representatives happened as the result of members of Congress switching their party affiliation. On July 4, 2019, Rep. Justin Amash declared he would leave the Republican Party but continue to serve in Congress as an independent, turning an evenly split Michigan delegation into a Democratic majority delegation. Following a week of speculation, on December 19, the day after voting against the impeachment of Donald Trump, Rep. Jeff Van Drew of New Jersey officially left the Democratic Party to become a Republican.


2019 United States elections, State elections, Gubernatorial
In addition, in Puerto Rico, Gov. Ricardo Rosselló resigned as part of the territory's 2019 leadership crisis. He was eventually replaced by Wanda Vázquez Garced. Rosselló and Vázquez are both members of the New Progressive Party, but nationally Rosselló is affiliated with the Democratic Party while Vázquez is affiliated with the Republican Party.


2019 United States elections, State elections, Attorney General
Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 3 of 43 states that elect attorneys general. The previous Attorney General elections for this group of states took place in 2015. One state Attorney General ran for reelection and won, while Democrat Jim Hood of Mississippi and Andy Beshear of Kentucky did not run for re-election to run for Governor.


2019 United States elections, State elections, Attorney General
Republicans won every seat in this election, with a net gain of two.


2019 United States elections, State elections, Legislative
Legislative elections were held for both houses of the Louisiana Legislature, the Mississippi Legislature, and the Virginia General Assembly, as well as the lower house of the New Jersey Legislature. Republicans expanded their control of the Mississippi Legislature, while Democrats kept control of the New Jersey Legislature, despite Republicans picking up a handful of seats. Democrats gained majorities of both houses of the Virginia General Assembly, giving them control of the legislature for the first time in 20 years. In Louisiana, Republicans expanded their control of the Louisiana Legislature, gaining a supermajority in the state Senate and falling two seats shy of a supermajority in the Louisiana House.


2019 United States elections, State elections, Legislative
Special elections were also held during the year to fill state legislative seats vacated due to retirement, death, resignation, election to another office, or other reasons. During 2019, special elections were set or run for 77 vacated seats — 39 held by Democrats and 38 held by Republicans. Of the 74 special elections held by year-end, five seats flipped from Democratic to Republican, two flipped from Republican to Democratic, and one flipped from Republican to Independent. None of these changes impacted partisan control of the state legislature.


2019 United States elections, State elections, State trifectas and redistricting
In the 2019 elections, Republicans successfully defended their trifecta (unified control of the governorship and the state legislature) in Mississippi, while Democrats defended their trifecta in New Jersey and prevented Republicans from gaining a trifecta in Louisiana. Republicans lost their trifecta in Kentucky, while Democrats gained a trifecta in Virginia. These state elections will impact the redistricting that will follow the 2020 United States Census, as many states task governors and state legislators with drawing new boundaries for state legislative and Congressional districts.


2019 United States elections, State elections, Ballot measures
24 binding ballot measures were voted on in seven states.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections
Although most mayorships and other local offices are non-partisan, when looking at party identification of the officeholders, registered Democrats gained three mayorships during 2019 (Phoenix, Arizona; Raleigh, North Carolina; and Wichita, Kansas) and Republicans picked up one (Aurora, Colorado). Following the November elections, registered Democrats have held 62 mayorships (+2) in the 100 largest cities in the United States, registered Republicans hold 29 (+1), and independents hold 4 (−3). The remaining 5 have been nonpartisan or were undetermined.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Re-elected incumbents
Incumbent mayors won re-election in major cities during 2019, including Arlington, Texas (Jeff Williams); Cary, North Carolina (Harold Weinbrecht); Charlotte, North Carolina (Vi Lyles); Charleston, South Carolina (John Tecklenburg); Colorado Springs, Colorado (John Suthers); Denver (Michael Hancock); Duluth, Minnesota (Emily Larson); Durham, North Carolina (Steve Schewel); Evansville, Indiana (Lloyd Winnecke); Fairbanks, Alaska (Jim Matherly); Fort Collins, Colorado (Wade Troxell); Fort Wayne, Indiana (Tom Henry); Fort Worth, Texas (Betsy Price); Gainesville, Florida (Lauren Poe); Grand Rapids, Michigan (Rosalynn Bliss); Hartford, Connecticut (Luke Bronin); Houston (Sylvester Turner); Indianapolis, Indiana (Joe Hogsett); Jacksonville, Florida (Lenny Curry); Las Vegas, Nevada (Carolyn Goodman); Manchester, New Hampshire (Joyce Craig); Memphis, Tennessee (Jim Strickland); Orlando, Florida (Buddy Dyer); Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Jim Kenney); Rapid City, South Dakota (Steve Allender); San Antonio, Texas (Ron Nirenberg); and Springfield, Massachusetts (Domenic Sarno) and Worcester, Massachusetts (Joseph Petty).


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Re-elected incumbents
San Francisco, California incumbent mayor London Breed, who won a special election to become mayor following the death of mayor Ed Lee, was elected to her first full term. After the Yonkers, New York, City Council extended mayoral term limits from two terms to three in late 2018, incumbent Mike Spano went on to win a third term.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Re-elected incumbents
Incumbents Andrew Ginther in Columbus, Ohio, Dan Gelber in Miami Beach, Florida, and Ken McClure in Springfield, Missouri were unopposed in seeking re-election.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Notable milestones
In Alabama, which was the location of many pivotal moments in the American civil rights movement, several cities elected their first African American mayor in 2019. In the capital city of Montgomery, Probate Judge Steven Reed was elected mayor in a run-off, and in Talladega Timothy Ragland defeated incumbent mayor Jerry Cooper in a run-off. Also, voters in Eastpointe, Michigan, elected council member Monique Owens mayor, making her the city's first African American mayor.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Notable milestones
Two large cities elected their first out LGBT+ mayors in 2019. In Chicago, Lori Lightfoot was elected as the city's first female African American mayor and first lesbian mayor in what was only the second-ever mayoral runoff election in the city's history. In Tampa, Florida, Jane Castor also won a run-off election to become the first gay woman to lead a major Florida city.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Notable milestones
In Tucson, Arizona, Democrat Regina Romero was elected the city's first female and first Latina mayor. In Boise, Idaho, City Council President Lauren McLean defeated incumbent Dave Bieter to become the first woman elected as mayor in the city and winner of the city's first-ever mayoral run-off election. Similarly, in Belton, South Carolina, Tiffany Ownbey defeated incumbent Wendell Page, making her the first woman to be elected mayor of the city. In Salt Lake City, Utah, Councilwoman Erin Mendenhall became the city's third female mayor after defeating state senator Luz Escamilla; it was the first time two women had faced each other in a mayoral runoff in the city.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Notable milestones
City councilman Dr. An Minh Truong won an open seat for mayor of Haltom City, Texas, making him the first Vietnamese-American mayor in Tarrant County and possibly the first in Texas.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Incumbents defeated for re-election
In Flint, Michigan, state representative Sheldon Neeley defeated incumbent Karen Weaver, who was seeking a second term. In Madison, Wisconsin, Satya Rhodes-Conway defeated longtime incumbent mayor Paul Soglin, and in Nashville, Tennessee, city councilman John Cooper defeated incumbent David Briley. In Portland, Maine, former school board chair Kate Snyder unseated incumbent Ethan Strimling, and in Wichita, Kansas, state Rep. Brandon Whipple defeated incumbent Jeff Longwell. In Brownsville, Texas, Trey Mendez won a run-off election to replace incumbent mayor Tony Martinez, who came in third in the primary election.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Open mayoral seats
Open mayoral seats were won in Aurora, Colorado (Mike Coffman); Dallas, Texas (Eric Johnson); Green Bay, Wisconsin (Eric Genrich); Kansas City, Missouri (Quinton Lucas); Knoxville, Tennessee (Indya Kincannon); Lafayette, Louisiana (Josh Guillory); Lincoln, Nebraska (Leirion Gaylor Baird); Newark, Delaware (Jerry Clifton); Raleigh, North Carolina (Mary-Ann Baldwin); and West Palm Beach, Florida (Keith James). In South Bend, Indiana, Democrat James Mueller defeated Republican Sean Haas to replace incumbent Pete Buttigieg, who declined to run for a third term in favor of a presidential campaign. In Garland, Texas, Scott LeMay was unopposed in seeking an open mayoral seat.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Recall elections
Nationwide, 90 city council members and 45 mayors or vice-mayors were subject to recall efforts, along with 44 school board members and 51 other city, county, or state officials. In total, 87 of these efforts made it to the ballot and slightly more than half were successful in recalling the official; an additional 16 officials resigned before a recall election could be held. Mayors were successfully recalled in Wickenburg, Arizona; Brighton, Colorado; Bovill andDalton Gardens, Idaho; Albion, Michigan; York, Nebraska; Metolius, Oregon; and Rio Bravo, Texas. Mayors in Elk River, Kooskia, and Sugar City, Idaho, and in Arnegard and Tower City, North Dakota, were retained in office. In Huntington, Oregon, voters recalled Mayor Richard Cummings who'd survived a 2018 recall attempt when he served on the city council.


2019 United States elections, Local elections, Mayoral elections, Recall elections
In Fall River, Massachusetts, voters successfully recalled Mayor Jasiel Correia and re-elected him in the same election. Correia faced recall after being charged with wire fraud and filing false tax returns in 2018. Five candidates, including Correia, qualified to run in the event of a successful recall, and a plurality of voters voted for Correia. In September, Correia was charged with extorting cannabis dispensaries looking to do business in the city; the city council vote to remove him from office, but Correia rejected their authority to do so. Correia stood for re-election to a third term, coming in second during the September 17 preliminary election. On October 15, 2019, Correia suspended his campaign, and, ultimately, came in third, behind write-in votes with school board member Paul Coogan winning the election.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections
Several notable Native American tribal governments held elections for tribal leadership in 2019.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections
Incumbents Tribal Chairman Don Gentry of the Klamath Tribes and Tribal Council Chief Beverly Kiohawiton Cook of the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe were both re-elected to a third term. Seminole Tribe of Florida Tribal Council Chairman Marcellus Osceola Jr. was re-elected to a second term. Larry Romanelli was elected to a fourth term as Ogema of the Little River Band of Ottawa Indians.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections
Catawba Nation Chair Bill Harris, Comanche Nation Tribal Chairman William Nelson Sr., Fort Peck Tribes Chairman Floyd Azure, Nez Perce Tribe of Idaho Tribal Executive Committee Chairman Shannon Wheeler, Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Tribal Chair Richard Peterson, Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head Tribal Chairperson Cheryl Andrews-Maltais, and Yankton Sioux Tribe Tribal Chairman Robert Flying Hawk were also all re-elected. Richard Sneed won re-election to his first full-term as principal chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians; Sneed had been elevated to principal chief in 2017 following the impeachment of then Principal Chief Patrick Lambert. Mescalero Apache Tribe Tribal President Robert "Gabe" Aguilar, who was elevated to president when Tribal President Arthur "Butch" Blaze resigned for health reasons in October, was also re-elected to his first full term.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections
Choctaw Nation incumbent Chief Gary Batton was unopposed in seeking a second term, and Chickasaw Nation Gov. Bill Anoatubby was unopposed in seeking a ninth consecutive four-year term. Dr. John Creel was unopposed in the election for chief of the Edisto Natchez-Kusso Tribe.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections
Former Cherokee Nation Secretary of State Chuck Hoskin Jr. was elected principal chief in a contentious election. David Hill was elected principal chief of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation in an extended election process that included a rerun of the primary election due to questions about how absentee ballots were handled. Also in elections for open seats, Teri Gobin was elected chairwoman of the Tulalip Tribes and Reginald Atkinson was elected mayor of the Metlakatla Indian Community.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections
Ned Norris Jr. was elected chairman of the Tohono O'odham Nation, a position he previously held for two terms, defeating incumbent Chairman Edward Manuel. Cyrus Ben defeated incumbent Tribal Chief Phyliss J. Anderson to lead the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. Byron Nelson Jr. was elected tribal chairman of the Hoopa Valley Tribe, defeating incumbent Ryan Jackson. Manuel Heart, who previously served multiple terms as Ute Mountain Ute Tribe tribal chairman, defeated incumbent Harold Cuthair. Jimmy Whiteshirt defeated incumbent Bruce Pratt in a runoff election to become president of the Pawnee Nation.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections, Special and recall elections
A special election triggered by the resignation of Jicarilla Apache Nation President Levi Pesata in February was won by Legislative Council member Darrell Paiz in a runoff, and Rynalea Whiteman Pena was elected president of the Northern Cheyenne Tribal Council in a special election following the resignation of prior president L. Jace Killsback. Beth Drost was elected as the first female Tribal Chair of the Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa in a special election following the death of long-time Tribal Chair Norman Deschampe. Michael Fairbanks was elected Tribal Chairman of the White Earth Nation in Minnesota in a special election following the death of prior chairman Terry Tibbetts.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections, Special and recall elections
Northern Arapaho Tribe voters rejected an effort to recall Chairman Lee Spoonhunter. Similarly, the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians voted to retain Regina Gasco-Bentley as tribal chairperson in a recall effort.


2019 United States elections, Tribal elections, Special and recall elections
Mashpee Wampanoag Tribal Council Chair Cedric Cromwell faced a September 15 recall election over questions about his management of tribal funds; however, the election was called off on September 12 due to questions about the recall petition process.


2019 United States elections, Other elections, Speaker of the U.S. House election
Republican Congressman Paul Ryan, the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives during the 115th United States Congress, declined to seek re-election in 2018. After Democrats gained a majority in the House of Representatives in the 2018 elections, House Minority Leader and former Speaker Nancy Pelosi sought election to a new term as Speaker of the House. She won election with 220 votes, all of which came from members of the Democratic Party. Most Republican members of the House voted for Kevin McCarthy, who, through a separate election, succeeded Pelosi as House Minority Leader. The remaining votes for Speaker went to several different individuals, including Republican Congressman Jim Jordan and Democratic Congresswoman Cheri Bustos.


2019 United States elections, Other elections, Party leadership elections
Several state Democratic and Republican parties also selected new leaders for their organizations during 2019 at party conventions or through other closed processes.


2019 United States elections, Electoral irregularities
Two Republicans were charged with electoral fraud in Marion County, Ohio. The GOP candidate for Marion city auditor, Robert Landon, and Marion County Republican Party official John Matthews were charged with distributing phony sample ballots, a misdemeanor.


2019 United States elections, Electoral irregularities
Without providing any evidence, Republican incumbent Matt Bevin said there were "significant irregularities" in the vote count process for Kentucky governor. He refused to concede and asked for a recanvass, which took place on November 14. Democrat Andy Beshear won by only 5,000 votes, and some feared Bevin was trying to steal the election. However, the recanvass did not change the election outcome, and Bevin subsequently conceded.


2019 United States elections, Tables of partisan control results
The following tables show the partisan results of the congressional, gubernatorial, and state legislative election races, as well as party switchers, in 2019. Only the affected congressional districts and states in 2019 are shown. Governorships/legislatures in these affected states that were not up for election in 2019 were already filled in for the "after 2019 elections" section. Bold indicates a change in control.


2019 United States federal budget
The United States federal budget for fiscal year 2019 ran from October 1, 2018, to September 30, 2019. Five appropriation bills were passed in September 2018, the first time five bills had been enacted on time in 22 years, with the rest of the government being funded through a series of three continuing resolutions. A gap between the second and third of these led to the 2018–19 federal government shutdown. The remainder of government funding was enacted as an omnibus spending bill in February 2019.


2019 United States federal budget, Budget
The FY2019 budget was subject to the spending caps of the Budget Control Act of 2011, as modified by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018.


2019 United States federal budget, Related fiscal legislation, Initial appropriations legislation
The 115th United States Congress initially proposed three "minibus" appropriations bills prior to the beginning of the fiscal year. Two of these were enacted prior to the beginning of the fiscal year, accounting for five bills totaling 77% of federal discretionary funding, and including a continuing resolution until December 7 for the remaining agencies. It was the first time five bills had been enacted on time in 22 years, since the 1997 fiscal year. The two bills are:


2019 United States federal budget, Related fiscal legislation, Initial appropriations legislation
On December 6, Congress passed a second continuing resolution () lasting through December 21, to give more time for negotiations on Trump's proposed border wall, which had been delayed due to the death and funeral of George H. W. Bush.


2019 United States federal budget, Related fiscal legislation, Government shutdown
On December 19, the Senate passed a second continuing resolution, the Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019 (), lasting until February 8, 2019. However, after Trump declared the following day that he would not sign any funding bill that did not include border wall funding, the House passed a version of the continuing resolution on December 20 that added $5 billion for the wall and $8 billion in disaster aid. Negotiations in the Senate did not lead to passage of a continuing resolution that day, causing a government shutdown to begin on December 22.


2019 United States federal budget, Related fiscal legislation, Government shutdown
On January 3, 2019, the first day of the 116th Congress, the House passed a continuing resolution for the Department of Homeland Security () on a vote of 239–192, as well as a separate bill funding the remainder of government agencies, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (), on a vote of 241–190. The bills were not immediately expected to be considered in the Senate.


2019 United States federal budget, Related fiscal legislation, Government shutdown
Beginning on January 9, the House was expected to vote on four of the appropriations bills individually: Treasury and the General Services Administration; Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration; Interior and the Environmental Protection Agency; and Transportation and Housing and Urban Development. This strategy has been compared to one used by Republicans during the 2013 shutdown in the form of a series of fourteen mini-continuing resolutions.


2019 United States federal budget, Related fiscal legislation, Government shutdown
The government shutdown was ended by the passage of the Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019 () on January 25.


2019 United States federal budget, Related fiscal legislation, Final appropriations legislation
The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 () incorporated the remaining appropriations bills and was passed on February 15.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections
The 2019 United States gubernatorial elections were held on November 5, 2019, in Kentucky and Mississippi, and November 16, 2019, in Louisiana. These elections formed part of the 2019 United States elections. The last regular gubernatorial elections for all three states were in 2015. The Democrats had to defend an incumbent in Louisiana, while the Republicans had to defend an incumbent in Kentucky plus an open seat in Mississippi. Though all three seats up were in typically Republican states, the election cycle became unexpectedly competitive: Kentucky and Louisiana were seen as highly contested races; and Mississippi's race ultimately became closer than usual, despite being seen as favorable for the Republicans.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections
Democrats were able to hold their seat in Louisiana and flip the governor's seat in Kentucky, while Republicans successfully kept the Mississippi governorship by winning the open seat. As a result, the Democrats gained a net of one seat, bringing the total number of Democratic governors to 24, while Republicans were reduced to 26 governors, continuing a streak of governor's seat gains by Democrats under Republican President Donald Trump that began in 2017.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections
This is the first time since 2003 in which a party made a net gain of seats in this cycle of governorships, and the first time since 1991 that Kentucky and Louisiana elected candidates of the same party. Democrats also won the total popular vote for gubernatorial elections for the third year in a row, and for the first time since 1991 in this cycle of governorships, albeit by an extremely narrow margin of 338 votes, or 0.01%. Additionally, these are the first gubernatorial elections since 2005 in which all of the margins of victory were under ten points.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Election predictions
Kentucky and Louisiana were seen as the two competitive races in this cycle. Kentucky governor Matt Bevin had very low approval ratings over issues such as Medicare Expansion, Pensions, and Education. When teachers walked out to protest education funding, Bevin blamed them for child molestation and called them "selfish thugs". Bevin also attempted to roll back the state's Medicare Expansion, which would've lead to 500,000 people in the state losing their health insurance, and the measure was deeply unpopular in Kentucky and never passed.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Election predictions
In Louisiana, Democratic incumbent John Bel Edwards is popular in the deep red state, as he has worked across the aisle with a number of issues such as abortion. Edwards also brought Medicaid Expansion to the state, a move that garnered praise and was popular. Even though Edwards is popular, the sheer amount of Republicans in the state made the race competitive. Mississippi, whose governor was term-limited, is one of the most Republican states in the country and hasn't voted a Democrat as governor since 1999, and Republican Tate Reeves is a long serving public servant in the state. However, a formidable campaign by Democrat Jim Hood made the race closer than initially expected. Hood made bringing Medicaid Expansion to Mississippi the central issue of his campaign, which resonated with voters in the state as many people want improvements to health care.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Election predictions
Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive seats. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent is running for re-election), the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each seat, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that seat.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Election predictions
Most election predictors use "tossup" to indicate that neither party has an advantage, "lean" to indicate that one party has a slight advantage, "likely" or "favored" to indicate that one party has a significant but not insurmountable advantage, and "safe" or "solid" to indicate that one party has a near-certain chance of victory. Some predictions also include a "tilt" rating that indicates that one party has an advantage that is not quite as strong as the "lean" rating would indicate.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Race summary, Margins of victory by state
States where the margin of victory was between 1% and 5%:


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Race summary, Margins of victory by state
States where the margin of victory was between 5% and 10%:


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Race summary, Margins of victory by state
Red denotes states won by Republicans. Blue denotes states won by Democrats.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Kentucky
The 2019 Kentucky gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 2019, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky. The Democratic nominee, Kentucky Attorney General Andy Beshear, defeated Republican incumbent Matt Bevin by a margin of just over 5,000 votes, or 0.37%, making this the closest gubernatorial election in Kentucky since 1899. Bevin conceded on November 14, after a recanvass took place that day that did not change the vote count. Libertarian John Hicks also qualified for the ballot and received 2% of the vote. Statewide turnout was just over 42%, much higher than for the 2015 gubernatorial election. The result was a major swing from 2016, when Donald Trump won the state by 30 points and Republicans gained a supermajority in both chambers of the Kentucky General Assembly.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Louisiana
The 2019 Louisiana gubernatorial election was held to elect the Governor of Louisiana. Incumbent Democratic Governor John Bel Edwards won reelection to a second term, defeating Republican businessman Eddie Rispone. Edwards became the first Louisiana Democrat to secure consecutive terms since Edwin Edwards (no relation to John Bel Edwards) in 1975. It was the closest Louisiana gubernatorial election since 1979.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Louisiana
Under Louisiana's jungle primary system, all candidates appear on the same ballot, regardless of party, and voters may vote for any candidate, regardless of their party affiliation. Because no candidate received an absolute majority of the vote during the primary election on October 12, 2019, a runoff election was held on November 16, 2019, between the top two candidates in the primary, Edwards and Rispone. Louisiana is the only state that has a jungle primary system (California and Washington have a similar top two primary system).


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Louisiana
According to the Louisiana Secretary of State more than 384,000 early votes were cast, a significant increase from the 2015 gubernatorial election in which 234,000 early votes were cast.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Mississippi
The 2019 Mississippi gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 2019, to choose the next Governor of Mississippi. Primary elections occurred on August 6, 2019. Runoff elections were held on August 27, 2019. Incumbent Governor Phil Bryant was ineligible to run for a third term due to term limits. The Democratic Party nominated incumbent Attorney General Jim Hood, the only Democrat holding statewide office in Mississippi; the Republican Party nominated incumbent Lieutenant Governor Tate Reeves after a runoff.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Mississippi
Situated in the Deep South, Mississippi is one of the most Republican states in the country. No Democrat has been elected to the governorship since Ronnie Musgrove in 1999. However, the state's Democratic Attorney General, Jim Hood, who had held his office since 2004 and had yet to lose a statewide election, put the Republican's winning streak of four elections in a row to the test, as the race became unusually competitive.


2019 United States gubernatorial elections, Mississippi
Reeves defeated Hood in the general election by a margin of 5.1%, making this the closest a Democrat had come to winning a Mississippi gubernatorial election since 1999, where Musgrove won with 49.6% of the vote. Hood flipped the counties of Chickasaw, Lafayette, Madison, Panola, and Warren, which had all voted for Republican Donald Trump in the 2016 United States presidential election.


2019 United States hepatitis A outbreak
The 2019 United States hepatitis A outbreak was an occurrence of several declared outbreaks of the disease, hepatitis A, in locations in the United States including substantial instances in the states of Kentucky, Mississippi, Florida, and the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as well as an isolated food-related occurrence in New Jersey. As of October 2019, over 26,000 cases and 268 deaths were reported, with the largest number occurring in Kentucky, with over 4,000 cases.


2019 United States hepatitis A outbreak
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identified the outbreak as a continuation in a rise in the number of hepatitis A cases beginning in 2016. According to the CDC:


2019 United States hepatitis A outbreak
Since the hepatitis A vaccine was first recommended in 1996, rates of hepatitis A have declined dramatically in the United States. In 2015, there were only 1,390 reported cases of hepatitis A in the nation. However, since the current outbreaks were first identified in late 2016, there have been more than 22,000 cases reported, mostly among groups most at-risk. Severe complications, high rates of hospitalization, and at least 200 deaths have occurred nationwide as a result of these outbreaks.


2019 United States hepatitis A outbreak
The outbreak has been worst in areas with high incidences of drug use, poor sanitation, and homelessness. Countermeasures to the outbreak have included vaccination campaigns at both state and federal levels.


2019 United States hepatitis A outbreak
On August 1, 2019, the Philadelphia Department of Health declared the hepatitis A outbreak to be a public health emergency, advising persons at risk to be vaccinated for the disease, and offering free vaccinations for those in contact with infected persons.


2019 United States hepatitis A outbreak
Florida Lieutenant Governor Jeanette Núñez tweeted "We urge vaccination and stress the importance of washing your hands regularly".


2019 United States hepatitis A outbreak
In New Jersey, it was announced in August 2019 that a food handler employed at the Mendham Golf and Tennis Club, in Mendham, New Jersey, had become infected with hepatitis A, and was deemed likely to be responsible for 27 other people becoming ill with the disease, one of whom died.


2019 United Women's Soccer season
The 2019 United Women's Soccer season is the 25th season of pro-am women's soccer in the United States, and the fourth season of the UWS league.


2019 United Women's Soccer season, Playoffs, East Conference Playoffs
Top two seeds host semifinal games. Highest remaining seed hosts final and the winner will automatically qualify for the UWS national championship.


2019 United Women's Soccer season, Playoffs, East Conference Playoffs
Bold = winner* = after extra time, ( ) = penalty shootout score


2019 United Women's Soccer season, Playoffs, Midwest Conference Playoffs
Top two seeds host Semifinal games. Highest remaining seed hosts Final and the winner will automatically qualify for the UWS National Championship.


2019 United Women's Soccer season, Playoffs, Midwest Conference Playoffs
Bold = winner* = after extra time, ( ) = penalty shootout score


2019 United Women's Soccer season, Playoffs, National Playoffs
Southwest Conference regular season conference champion (Houston) plays in the national quarterfinal against a wild card selection (opponent and date to be announced). Wild card selection to be determined by the league's Competition Committee. Winner of national quarterfinal qualifies for the UWS national championship. The West Conference regular season champion automatically qualifies for the UWS national championship.


2019 United Women's Soccer season, Playoffs, National Playoffs
Bold = winner* = after extra time, ( ) = penalty shootout score


2019 United Women's Soccer season, League Awards, All-League First Team
F: Kate Howarth (NEM), Alex Lamontagne (CAL)M: Tatiana Ariza (HOU), Marti Corby (GRA), Samantha Dewey (IND), Yvonne Northover (CAL), Teresa Rook (LAN)D: Natalie Jacobs (LAG), Sonia Rada (LAN),  Yadira Toraya (SCB)G: Hillary Beall (LAG)


2019 United Women's Soccer season, League Awards, All-League Second Team
F: Kaley Buck (LAN), Haley Crawford (LAN), Gabriella Mencotti (DET)M: Vivien Beil (CON), Jordan Marada (LAG), Alexis Mitchell (LAN)M/D: Ellie Jean (NEM), Molly McLaughlin (IND)D/M: Natalia Ariza (HOU)D: Athena Biondi (LAN)G: Kelly O'Brien (LAN)


2019 United Women's Soccer season, League Awards, All-League Third Team
F: Tanya Boychuk (CAL), Taylor Wingerden (ROC), Bri Woodall (SAN)M: Brooke Barbuto (SYR), Tara McKeown (SCB), Chelsey Patterson (LAG)D: Shauny Alterisio (NEM), Paige Hayward (HOU), Julia Leonard (IND),  Grace Stordy (CAL)G: Liz-Amanda Brown (AUS)


2019 University of Essex anti-semitism controversy
The 2019 University of Essex anti-semitism controversy relates to events in February 2019, where more than 200 students at the University of Essex voted against the establishment of a Jewish society and a lecturer, Maaruf Ali, was suspended for allegedly posting anti-Semitic material on Facebook.


2019 University of Essex anti-semitism controversy, Vote to ratify Jewish Society
A proposal for the establishment of a Jewish society for students at the University of Essex was published on the university's Student Union website on 11 February 2019. More than 200 students voted against ratification of the society following advice from a university Amnesty society member that "The society has mentioned it will celebrate Israeli national day which has nothing to do with Judaism.[ ...] Until the society is politically neutral like every other religious society we will take a stance on this. So we urge you to please vote no until they are politically neutral." About 600 students voted on the ratification of the society, with approximately 64% voting in favour.


2019 University of Essex anti-semitism controversy, Vote to ratify Jewish Society
The university's Vice Chancellor, Professor Anthony Forster, later intervened stating that the society would be created irrespective of any ratification and the launch of a review to "ensure we provide unequivocal support to our Jewish students and staff." Amnesty International subsequently distanced itself from the university's Amnesty society members who had advised on the vote, stating that their remarks "do not reflect the view of the Essex University Amnesty Society and Amnesty International.


2019 University of Essex anti-semitism controversy, Maaruf Ali
Maaruf Ali, a computing lecturer in the university's Essex Pathways department, was suspended after being accused of antisemitism, as an investigation was launched into a series of posts made on Facebook. One, in relation to the proposed establishment of the Jewish student society, placed on a page for first year students, allegedly claimed "The Zionists next want to create a society here at our university."


2019 University of Essex anti-semitism controversy, Maaruf Ali
Other posts he allegedly made included holocaust denial, comparisons of Israel to Nazi Germany, and an image shared from Nazi apologist site Smoloko, claiming that French policeman, Ahmed Merabet, murdered in the terrorist attack on the Charlie Hebdo offices in Paris, was a "crypto-jew" Mossad agent who was alive and in hiding. In an interview, Maaruf Ali said: "I am not sure if I can find another job in the UK let alone an academic job. I could only be employed by someone who is willing to stand up to Zionist bullying and intimidation."


2019 University of Essex anti-semitism controversy, Rally
The university held a rally in its main square on 28 February in solidarity with the Jewish community. The university's Vice Chancellor said, "Today, we have come together to show antisemitism is completely antithetical to the values of the University of Essex and it has absolutely no place on our campuses and in our relationships with each other."


2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz
The 2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 33rd edition of the Linz Open, and part of the WTA International tournaments-category of the 2019 WTA Tour. It was held at the TipsArena Linz in Linz, Austria, from 7 to 13 October 2019.


2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz, Points and prize money, Prize money
1 Qualifiers prize money is also the Round of 32 prize money* per team


2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz, Singles entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz, Doubles entrants, Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:


2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz – Doubles
Kirsten Flipkens and Johanna Larsson were the defending champions. Larsson chose not to participate and Flipkens was scheduled to play alongside Alison Van Uytvanck, but withdrew due to a wrist injury.


2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz – Doubles
Barbora Krejčíková and Kateřina Siniaková won the title, defeating Barbara Haas and Xenia Knoll in the final, 6–4, 6–3.


2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz – Singles
Camila Giorgi was the defending champion, but withdrew before the tournament started, due to injury.


2019 Upper Austria Ladies Linz – Singles
Coco Gauff won her first WTA Tour title, defeating Jeļena Ostapenko in the final, 6–3, 1–6, 6–2. Gauff (aged 15 years, 7 months) became the youngest player to win a WTA Tour singles title since Nicole Vaidišová (15 years, 5 months) in 2004. Gauff was a lucky loser, only receiving a spot in the tournament because Maria Sakkari withdrew 15 minutes before her first round match was due to begin. Gauff was only the third player in WTA history to win a tournament as a lucky loser, and the first since Olga Danilović won the Moscow River Cup in 2018.


2019 Urawa Red Diamonds season
The 2019 season was Urawa Red Diamonds's 19th consecutive season in J1 League, after finishing 5th in the 2018 J1 League. The club also competed in the Emperor's Cup, J.League Cup, Japanese Super Cup and AFC Champions League. They reached the final of the latter competition, losing to Al Hilal of Saudi Arabia by a 0–3 aggregate score.


2019 Urawa Red Diamonds season, Squad
As of 16 January 2019. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2019 Urawa Red Diamonds season, Competitions, AFC Champions League, Quarter-finals
3–3 on aggregate. Urawa Red Diamonds won on away goals.


2019 Uruguay Open
The 2019 Uruguay Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fifteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the Carrasco Lawn Tennis Club in Montevideo, Uruguay between November 4 and 10, 2019.


2019 Uruguay Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2019 Uruguay Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received entry into the singles main draw as alternates:


2019 Uruguay Open – Doubles
Guido Andreozzi and Guillermo Durán were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.


2019 Uruguay Open – Doubles
Facundo Bagnis and Andrés Molteni won the title after defeating Orlando Luz and Rafael Matos 6–4, 5–7, [12–10] in the final.


2019 Uruguay Open – Singles
Guido Pella was the defending champion but chose not to defend his title.


2019 Uruguay Open – Singles
Jaume Munar won the title after defeating Federico Delbonis 7–5, 6–2 in the final.


2019 Uruguayan Primera División season
The 2019 Liga Profesional de Primera División season, also known as the Campeonato Uruguayo 2019, was the 116th season of Uruguay's top-flight football league, and the 89th in which it is professional. The season was named as "100 Años de Racing Club de Montevideo" and was originally scheduled to begin on 9 February but its start was pushed back for one week to 16 February. The season ended on 15 December with Nacional winning their forty-seventh title by beating Peñarol in the semifinal. Peñarol were the defending champions, having won back-to-back titles in 2017 and 2018.