2019 Moscow City Duma election, Background and preparations
On 26 July 2019, the "Liberal Mission" Foundation published a report entitled “Results of the nomination and registration at the elections of deputies of the Moscow City Duma on 8 September 2019”. According to the authors of the report Alexander Kenev, Arkady Lyubarev and Andrey Maximov, the results of registration of candidates for the MCD indicate electoral commission's inadequacy and injustice, suggesting that there was an unequal approach and even discrimination in the process of registering candidates.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Constituencies
The current constituencies' boundaries were adopted on 30 April 2014. According to independent experts, they contain marks of gerrymandering.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Constituencies
The list of constituencies and candidates. In central, southwestern and northwestern constituencies the independent opposition candidates had strong chances (see also 2013 Moscow mayoral election, districts where Navalny had good results), in most of other constituencies the strongest opponent is a CPRF candidate. However, some strong candidates, even nominated by political parties represented in the State Duma, were excluded from the race. In constituency 43 no pro-United Russia candidates are registered.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Rejection of opposition candidacies
After the verification of the signatures collected by the candidates, the Moscow City Election Commission (MCEC) refused to register most of independent opposition candidates. The claimed reason was the high percentage of rejected signatures (exceeding permissible reject rate is 10%). Independent candidates accused the MCEC of forgery in verifying signatures aimed at prohibiting the opposition to participate in elections. During the verification some personal data of the signers was entered with errors. In addition, a significant part of the signatures was invalidated on the grounds of a so-called handwriting examination, which scientific validity and impartiality the candidates questioned.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Rejection of opposition candidacies
The candidates submitted to the MCEC statements confirming the validity of signatures from signatories, whose signatures were rejected on the grounds of handwriting examination. The candidates also submitted to the MCEC an opinion of professional handwriting experts on the insolvency of the MCEC examination. Despite this, the MCEC did not change the decision. In protest, one of the candidates, Lyubov Sobol, went on a hunger strike on July 13.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Rejection of opposition candidacies
On the other hand, the MCEC registered 32 candidates from Communists of Russia party, which has very low popularity (during 2016 election to the State Duma it collected 2%). This party is regarded by experts as a spoiler for CPRF. These candidates are almost unknown in Moscow, mostly students, housewives and low-skilled workers. According to the MCEC, these 32 unknown candidates managed to collect the necessary signatures. However, Muscovites did not see any signature collectors for the candidates from Communists of Russia or pro-United Russia 'independent' candidates in the streets of their city. Later, an opposition newspaper Novaya Gazeta revealed that the same headquarters coordinates the actions of candidates from Communists of Russia and pro-United Russia 'independents'.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Rejection of opposition candidacies
Starting from July 2019, numerous approved and unapproved rallies in Moscow took place. Rallies on Sakharov Avenue on July 20 and August 10, 2019 became the largest political rallies in Russia after the 2011–2013 protests and the rally on 27 July 27 established a record high for the number of detainees. The protests were accompanied by massive administrative arrests of unregistered independent candidates and two criminal cases: the obstructing the work of election commissions case and the riots case (also known as the Moscow case).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, Pro-United Russia candidates
Positive articles about pro-United Russia candidates began to appear in district newspapers six months before the official start of the race, thus allowing to identify them. Pro -United Russia candidates received 800 mln rubles (~12.5 mln USD) from funds affiliated with United Russia for their campaigns. All other candidates had significantly less resources. Pro -United Russia candidates actively used outdoor advertising and promoted in various media.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, Pro-United Russia candidates
Shortly before election day, fake "smart vote" (see below) posters with wrong candidate began to appear. For example, posters were actively distributed in constituency 15, stating that "Navalny supports candidate Ostrikov from the Communists of Russia party", while "smart vote" supported the candidate from the CPRF Savostianov. Also, in some constituencies, Communist of Russia party candidates from Russia became more active, though they show no activity during most of the campaign. Their posters and agitation cubes were made as similar as possible to the posters and agitation cubes of candidates from the CPRF.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, Non-system opposition
Non -system opposition figures divided in their opinion on participation in the elections.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, Non-system opposition
Alexei Navalny offered a "smart vote" tactic, which boils down to voting for the most popular candidate among the parliamentary opposition or the independents, in order to prevent a United Russia domination. They marked with a (*) in the list below. The FBK has issued many anti-corruption investigations in support of the "smart vote".


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, Non-system opposition
Mikhail Khodorkovsky made a site with candidates' opinion on detainees during 2019 Moscow protests. His site was heavily criticised due to mentioning Valeria Kasamara among the supporters of the detainees, what was seen as a hypocrisy given her support by the United Russia and Sobyanin.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, Non-system opposition
Dmitry Gudkov made a short list of worthy candidates. They marked with a (¤) below.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
During the 2019 Moscow City Duma elections campaign the FBK published a lot of anti-corruption investigations against Moscow City Duma deputies from the United Russia faction, the CEC and the MCEC members and Moscow City officials. Even authorities later admitted that FBK investigations had a significant impact on protest activity and election results.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On July 1, the FBK published an investigation of Andrey Metelsky's, the leader of the United Russia faction in the Moscow City Duma, property. He has been a deputy in the Moscow City Duma since 2001.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
His son and 75 years old mother owns hotels Maximilian (bought for 5.36 mln €), Tirolerhof (3.6 mln €), Mozart (7 mln €), Strudlhof (24 mln €) in Austria, multi-apartment complex "Lefort", built near the MosMetro station under construction Lefortovo, auto center network "Obukhov", 2 "Tanuki" restaurants, hotel "Foresta" and 4 apartments with a total area of 1700 m2 in Moscow, 3 houses in Moscow Oblast and 1 house in Kaliningrad Oblast. The total cost of his real estate in Moscow only is about 5.7 billion rubles (~ US$90 mln).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On July 18, the FBK published an investigations of the head of the MCEC Valentin Gorbunov's property. His family owns two apartments with a total area of 200 m2 worth US$420 000 in Ika, Croatia.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On July 22, the FBK revealed that pro-government journalist Vladimir Solovyov has an Italian permanent residency.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 1, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-mayor Natalya Sergunina's property. Sergunina is responsible for the election process in Moscow. The FBK estimates Sergunina's (along with close relatives) undeclared real estate value at 6.5 billion rub (~ US$100 mln).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 12, the FBK published an investigation of the member of the CEC Boris Ebzeev's property. His grandson at the age of 4 bought an apartment worth 500 mln rub (~ US$18.5 mln), and at the age of 7 a house in Moscow Oblast.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 12, it was revealed that the MCEC member Dmitry Reut bought an apartment worth 22 mln rub (~US$0.8 mln) from the city of Moscow on unknown conditions. The cost of the apartment exceeds his income for previous years by 2 times.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 15, the FBK published an investigation of Alexei Shaposhnikov's, the chairman of the Moscow City Duma, property. He owns an apartment in the center of Moscow with a total area of 270 m2 worth 95 mln rub (~US$1.5 mln).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 20, the FBK published an investigation of Ilya Platonov's, the son of the former chairman of the Moscow City Duma Vladimir Platonov, property. He owns an apartment in the center of Moscow, on the "golden mile", with a total area of 372 m2 worth 600 mln rub (~US$9.4 mln) and a house in Moscow Oblast with total area of 4000 m2 worth 4000 mln rub (~US$62.5 mln). The Moscow "Golden mile" is an extremely expensive part of Moscow between Ostozhenka street and Prechistenskaya embarkment, where the price of an apartment start from US$25 000 per m2.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 22, the FBK published an investigation of Vladimir Regnatsky's, the head of Security and Anti- Corruption Department of Moscow City, property. Regnatsky is one of those officials who "approves" rallies and is responsible for their dispersing. His mother owns an apartment in the center of Moscow, on the "golden mile", with total area of 146 m2 worth 200 mln rub (~US$3.1 mln).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 26, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-mayor Alexander Gorbenko's property. Along with his son and wife he owns a land plot with total area of 20 000 m2 in Moscow Oblast, where 9 houses built, worth 500 mln rub (~US$7.8 mln).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 27, the FBK published an investigation of Alexander Gorbenko's children's property. His son owns an apartment in the center of Moscow with total area of 226 m2 worth 300 mln rub (~US$4.7 mln), and his daughter owns an apartment in the center of Moscow with total area of 174 m2 worth 240 mln rub (~US$3.8 mln).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 29, the FBK published second investigation of Andrey Metelsky's property. He owns and manages a motorcycle shop "Alpine", while the Russian legislation prohibits deputies from doing business.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On August 30, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-chairman of the CEC Nikolay Bulaev's property. Along with his daughter he owns 3 apartments in Moscow with total area of 392 m2 worth 220 mln rub (~US$3.4 mln).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On September 2, the FBK published an investigation of the deputy of the Moscow City Duma Lyudmila Stebenkova's property. She owns an apartment in the center of Moscow with total area of 197 m2 worth 80 mln rub (~US$1.25 mln) and owned 1 more apartment with total area of 178 m2 which she sold in 2005.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On September 3, the FBK published an investigation of the deputy of the Moscow City Duma Stepan Orlov's property. He received from the City of Moscow two apartments in the center of Moscow with total area of 246 m2 in exchange of his old apartment with total area of 58 m2.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On September 4, the FBK published an investigation of the deputy of the Moscow City Duma Kirill Shchitov's property. He owns an apartment in center of Moscow, on the "golden mile", with total area of 180 m2 and one more with total area of 122 m2, and also two luxury cars.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On September 5, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-mayor Pyotr Biryukov's property. Along with his family he owns 17 apartments in the center of Moscow, 22 luxury cars and a farm estate in Moscow Oblast total worth of 5.5 bln rub (~US$86 mln).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, FBK Investigations
On September 6, the FBK published second investigation of the vice-mayor Natalya Sergunina's property. Her daughter's husband, Aaron-Elizer Aronov, owns the "Aviapark" mall worth of 4.3 bln rub (~US$67.2 mln). Besides, the building company, belonging to Aronov, did not fulfill its social obligations to build a school and museum nearby.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Campaign, Government response to investigations
The government responded to these investigations with criminal prosecution and mass raids on the FBK offices.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
The results show the success of the "smart voting" strategy: none of the United Russia candidates had 50+% (in 2014 there were 16 such candidates), and only one had 45+% support. All 6 close cases, when the difference between two leading candidates was less than 600 votes, resulted in United Russia's candidate victory (constituencies 7, 9, 30, 32, 34, 36).


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
However, political analysts Ivan Bolshakov and Vladimir Perevalov suggest that a high assessment of this strategy is emotional rather than scientific. They conclude that the success of the opposition can be explained by the combination of two factors: the increase in protest sentiments, which reduced the electoral base of the pro-government nominees, and the decrease in the level of competition inside the opposition, due to both the “smart voting” strategy and disqualification of candidates. These factors ensured the flow of votes away from the administrative candidates and weak opposition members to the most powerful opposition candidates. “Smart voting” contributed to this victory, but did not determine the overall outcome of the elections. Its quantitative effect amounted to 5.6% of the vote. Moreover, while “smart voting” played a decisive role in the victory of several candidates, it deprived of victory approximately the same number of opposition representatives.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
Constituencies 12, 16, 24 among other candidates contained spoilers to opposition candidates with the same surnames (and even name in const. 16). In constituency 10 the surname of the candidate from Communists of Russia party is also similar to the surname of the candidate from CPRF.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
By 22:30 September 9 the data input of the results was halted, and renewed only in the early morning, around 3-4 a.m. of September 10. In the constituency 15, where the leader of the United Russia's faction Andrey Metelsky tried to re-elect, the input renewed only around 5:30 a.m.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
The leader of the Moscow branch of CPRF Valery Rashkin stated that in constituencies 7, 25, 32, 36 victories of United Russia's candidates were caused by few (or even one) polling stations with an abnormally high percent of votes for the United Russia's candidate. For example, polling station 1753, constituency 32 (Likhachev - 171, Melnikova - 930). He also doubted the integrity of the electronic voting, which was practised in constituencies 1, 10 and 30, and resulted in an abnormally high percentage of votes for the United Russia's candidate.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
The results for constituency 30 are suspicious not only due to electronic voting results, but also due to results in the neuropsychiatric dispensary (polling station 2047: Rusetskaya - 122, Yuneman - 6, Zhukovsky - 23), given that the final lead of Rusetskaya over Yuneman is only 84 votes. Electronic voting (polling stations 5001, 5002 and 5003) results provided separately below.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
Navalny stated that in constituencies 25, 32, 36 (all abnormally high percent for United Russia candidate in few polling stations), 1, 30 (both electronic voting) the victory of the non-United Russia candidate was stolen.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
Even given these facts, the opposition received the largest number of seats in Moscow City Duma since 1990s. The "smart vote" candidates collected 586,286 votes altogether, while Pro-United Russia candidates collected 555,063 votes.


2019 Moscow City Duma election, Results
31 self-promoted candidates from Communists of Russia party collected only 79062 votes altogether, though they had submitted around 160 000 signatures from voters to participate in elections.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade
The 2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade was a military parade that took place in Red Square in Moscow on 9 May 2019 to commemorate the 74th anniversary of the capitulation of Nazi Germany in 1945. It was the largest of all the parades held on this day in Russia and in many former republics of the Soviet Union.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade
The annual parade marks the Allied victory in World War II on the Eastern Front and commemorates the signing of the German act of capitulation to the Allies in Berlin, at midnight on 9 May 1945 (Russian time). The President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, delivered his sixteenth commemorative address to the nation after the parade inspection presided over by Minister of Defence General of the Army Sergey Shoygu, accompanied by the parade commander General of the Army Oleg Salyukov, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces, who participated in the parade for the sixth straight year.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Particularities
As in past pre-jubilee parades, the parade serves as a preparatory celebration and a national kick-off to the 75th Diamond Jubilee celebrations of the Allied victory in Eastern Europe over the Axis powers (slated for May 2020), while also honouring the men and women of the Russian Armed Forces who have served in Syria. A specialized version of an Aurus Senat armoured limousine was expected to be introduced during the parade, serving the purpose of carrying the Defence Minister and the parade commander in Red Square, replacing the vehicles used in past parades. Nikolai Samokhvalov's Ceremonial Fanfare was sounded for the first time in close to 20 years prior to the speech of President Putin. It was previously performed at Victory Parades from 1990 to 2000.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Particularities
For the fourth consecutive year the parade included a composite female cadet-regiment from the Military University of the Ministry of Defence, the Military Logistics Academy and the Military Space Academy; and for the first time female honour-guardsmen marched, together with another new participant, the Corps of Cadets of the Moscow Internal Affairs University, representing the men and women of the police of Russia, in addition to yet another new contingent debuting this year, the students of the Moscow Cadet Corps of the Investigative Committee of Russia. For the second consecutive year, the 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment's 1st


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Particularities
Honour Guard Company took part in the exhibition drill segment of the parade, together with a drumline from the Moscow Military Music College, the second time it had been done since the parade of 2007 and a recent tradition which began in the 2001 parade. For the first time in 5 years, foreign leaders were not expected to participate in the parade as guests of honour; despite that, former President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev attended.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Particularities
It was the second parade where the flypast segment was cancelled due to bad weather, despite cloud seeding carried out to disperse clouds.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Preparatory activities
Beginning in January 2019, preparations for the parade were well attended at the unit level. Individual unit practices were held in the various military installations for all the participating units in the national and local parades. Unit practices within Moscow Oblast itself started in early March in the Alabino field and other locations before the full-blown parade practice run-throughs for all the participating units commenced later in the month.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Preparatory activities
Officially the preparatory period for the parade kicked off on 26–27 March 2019 in the Alabino Training Range in Moscow Oblast, where the parade's more than 17,600 servicemen and women assembled to begin more than a month of practice rehearsals together with more than 190 vehicles from the Armed Forces, National Guard and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and around 3,800 crewmen. The first general practice began on 3 April 2019 in the Alabino Training Range with only the ground and mobile columns making their runs, as the separate practice runs for the air flypast column began in the airfield in Kubinka just kilometres away from Red Square.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Preparatory activities
On 17 April, the new parade limousines were test driven to ensure readiness for use during the final round of practice run-throughs and on the actual parade day. On 19 April, Moscow 24 featured an interview with some of the gunners from the Moscow Garrison's state artillery battery, which have also been preparing to fire the ceremonial 21-gun salutes during the playing of the national anthem.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Full order of the 2019 parade
Bold indicates first appearance, italic indicates multiple appearances, Bold and italic indicate returning appearance, all indicated unless otherwise noted.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Other parades
As per tradition, 27 other Russian major cities (Sevastopol and Kerch in the disputed Crimea included) are expected to hold commemorative parades on that day (some of them including flypasts), and joint civil-military parades are planned to be hosted by 50 other towns and cities nationwide. Celebrations of the holiday are held in almost all the former republics of the Soviet Union.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Other parades
One of the biggest parades outside the capital is to be held on Saint Petersburg's Palace Square, in a sort of final celebration of the diamond jubilee since the conclusion of the long Siege of Leningrad, which was marked with a parade there on 31 January. During that parade units of the mobile column sported Soviet unit banners perpetuating the Second World War lineage and service of these units.


2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Other parades
In addition, the Serbian Armed Forces held a parade in Belgrade on 10 May, honoring both the living Serbian veterans of the Yugoslav Partisans and the Royal Yugoslav Army in the Second World War and the veterans of the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia.


2019 Moscow protests
Starting from July 2019 numerous approved and unapproved rallies in Moscow (also known as part of the political crisis) began, caused by the situation with the 2019 Moscow City Duma elections. Widespread public protests were triggered by numerous authorities' violations, claimed by the independent opposition candidates, during the registration procedure. Rallies on Sakharov Avenue on 20 July and 10 August 2019 became the largest political rallies in Russia since the 2011–2013 protests. The July 27 rally established a record on number of detainees: 1373 people were detained. The subsequent appeals of the MCEC's  decisions to the CEC by the independent candidates didn't lead to any results.


2019 Moscow protests
The protests were accompanied by massive administrative arrests of  unregistered independent candidates and two criminal cases: the obstructing the work of election commissions case and the riots case (also known as the "Moscow case"). The Second Service of FSB participated in the investigation of the events. It was reported that the intelligence agency is trying to find opposition ties with foreign structures and is trying to prove financing of protests from abroad.


2019 Moscow protests
A number of media and politicians as well as the Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights found no evidence of mass riots at rallies.


2019 Moscow protests, Background
After the verification of the signatures collected by the candidates, the Moscow City Election Commission (MCEC) refused to register most of independent opposition candidates. The claimed reason was the high percentage of rejected signatures (exceeding permissible reject rate of 10%). Independent candidates accused the MCEC of forgery in verifying signatures aimed at prohibiting the opposition to participate in elections. During the verification some personal data of the signers was entered with errors. In addition, a significant part of the signatures was invalidated on the grounds of a so-called handwriting examination, which scientific validity and impartiality the candidates questioned.


2019 Moscow protests, Background
The candidates submitted to the MCEC statements confirming the validity of signatures from signatories, whose signatures were rejected on the grounds of handwriting examination. The candidates also submitted to the MCEC an opinion of professional handwriting experts on the insolvency of the MCEC examination. Despite this, the MCEC did not change the decision. In protest, one of the candidates, Lyubov Sobol, went on a hunger strike on July 13.


2019 Moscow protests, Background
On the other hand, the MCEC registered 32 candidates from Communists of Russia party, which has very low popularity (during 2016 election to the State Duma it collected 2%). This party is regarded by experts as a spoiler for CPRF. These candidates are almost unknown in Moscow, mostly students, housewives and low-skilled workers. According to the MCEC, these 32 unknown candidates managed to collect the necessary signatures. However, Muscovites did not see any signature collectors for the candidates from Communists of Russia or pro-United Russia 'independent' candidates in the streets of their city. Later, an opposition newspaper Novaya Gazeta revealed that the same headquarters coordinates the actions of candidates from Communists of Russia and pro-United Russia 'independents'.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests
On July 14, 17 independent candidates met with supporters in Novopushkinsky Square. After that they went to the City Hall and finally to Mokhovaya Street to the MCEC building. Candidates demanded to accept signatures in their support and to allow them to participate in the election. The Police and the National Guard initially acted politely, but later they began to break up tents in the yard of the MCEC and to detain the protestors. According to the OVD-Info portal, by the evening 39 people were detained, including candidates Ilya Yashin, Lyubov Sobol, Ivan Zhdanov and Yulia Galyamina. Four protesters were hospitalized after a hard detention, several activists were beaten by the police. Detained candidates called for supporters to meet again at the MCEC building the next day.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests
On July 15, 10 candidates arrived to a meeting with the head of the MCEC Gorbunov. The meeting planned to be open, however journalists were not allowed to enter the MCEC building and Gorbunov set several conditions: he would talk with the candidates one by one in a closed format only. Only 3 candidates accepted these conditions. Later nine candidates were denied registration. Then, Ilya Yashin announced that the MCEC removed him from the elections due to the allegedly exceeding the allowable number of false signatures and refused to accept written confirmations of the so-called "wrong" signatories. In the evening of the same day, several hundred people gathered at Trubnaya Square for an action for admission of independent candidates to the elections. The candidates called for holding such meetings every day until their requirements were met.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests
On July 16, most of the independent candidates received registration denials, in particular, Lyubov Sobol, Ivan Zhdanov, Konstantin Yankauskas, Yulia Galyamina, Dmitry Gudkov, Gennady Gudkov, Alexander Solovyov, Sergey Mitrokhin, Elena Rusakova, Kirill Goncharov, Anastasia Bryukhanova. In all cases the reason was the exceeding of the maximum allowable percentage of invalid voter signatures. Only a few independent candidates received registration. The action on Trubnaya that day took place despite the heavy rain. There were no detentions.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests
On July 17, meeting on Trubnaya Square took place again, about 800 people participated. Gorbunov announced results of candidates registration campaign: 233 candidates were registered, 57 got a refusal.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests
Independent opposition candidates collected more than a thousand official statements from Muscovites, including statements with video, demanding that their signatures be considered valid. They continued to conduct daily “For the Right to Choose” actions on Trubnaya Square till Saturday. The MCEC pointed out they are ready to consider the application and re-check the signatures. The PCCSHR recommended to allow independent candidates to participate in the election.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Rally on Sakharov Avenue
On July 20, a permitted rally was held on Sakharov Avenue with the same requirements. It has become the largest political action in Russia since 2012. According to the “White Counter” organization, over 22 thousand people participated. The main requirement was to admit the independent candidates to the elections. According to the OVD-info, 7 people were detained at the meeting and after it.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Rally on Sakharov Avenue
Alexey Navalny on behalf of all independent candidates put an ultimatum to the Moscow authorities: if all independent candidates are not registered for a week, then an unauthorized rally will take place in front of the Moscow City Hall on Saturday, July 27. Later, Ilya Yashin on behalf of all independent candidates published a joint open letter to Mayor Sobyanin, it contained Navalny's ultimatum, an offer to meet and discuss the situation and a proposal to the PCCSHR to hold an unscheduled meeting and discuss what's happening in Moscow.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between 20 and 27 July - criminal case, arrests, searches
On July 23, the CEC head, Ella Pamfilova, held a meeting with independent candidates to discuss the situation and stated that it would be impossible to register all those candidates who collected signatures at the elections. She pointed out that their signatures should be rechecked. Independent candidates sent complaints to the CEC about the refusals of district commissions, but Pamfilova replied that they do not obey the CEC. The candidates remained dissatisfied with the meeting, because the CEC head didn't show any desire to intervene to the situation. On the contrary, Pamfilova blamed Navalny in making obstacles to register the independent candidates.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between 20 and 27 July - criminal case, arrests, searches
On the morning of July 24, Alexey Navalny was detained at the entrance of his house. The same evening, he was sentenced to 30 days in administrative arrest for calling for a rally on July 27. The sentence was seemed to be connected with his July 22 publication of a photo of Italian permanent residency document belonging to pro-government journalist Vladimir Solovyov. Solovyov, in turn, accused Navalny in 'judicial incompetence'


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between 20 and 27 July - criminal case, arrests, searches
The Office of the Investigative Committee in Moscow opened a criminal case under article 141 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (“Hindering the exercise of electoral rights or the work of election commissions”) because of a spontaneous rally near the MCEC. On the evening of July 24, police searched the unregistered candidates Dmitry Gudkov and Ivan Zhdanov. The police also came with searches to Alexander Solovyov and Nikolai Balandin. Ivan Zhdanov after the search was taken for interrogation. Dmitry and Gennady Gudkov, Lyubov Sobol, Elena Rusakova and Yulia Galyamina were also summoned for interrogation.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between 20 and 27 July - criminal case, arrests, searches
On July 25, the MCEC, on the recommendation of the working group on the analysis of candidates' complaints, approved the decisions of the district election commissions to refuse to register candidates Dmitry Gudkov, Ivan Zhdanov, Konstantin Yankauskas, Yulia Serebryanskaya and Konstantin Lisitsa. Lyubov Sobol, after a meeting of the working group on the analysis of candidates' complaints, which decided to reject her complaint about the refusal of registration, announced that she would continue the hunger strike right in the building of the MCEC, waiting for Ella Pamfilova. At midnight, the guards of the MCEC pulled out a sofa on which Lyubov Sobol was sitting, in order to “shake out bedbugs and parasites”. This was stated by a member of the election commission Dmitry Reut.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between 20 and 27 July - criminal case, arrests, searches
On July 26, the MCEC approved the refusals to register Lyubov Sobol, Andrei Babushkin, Elena Rusakova and Ekaterina Ignatova. The Moscow prosecutor's office put 15 candidates for deputies of the Moscow City Duma under an administrative investigation, most of whom were not registered in the elections, due to calls for an unauthorized mass rally planned for July 27. On the evening of July 26, searches were conducted at the headquarters of Lyubov Sobol, Ivan Zhdanov, Ilya Yashin, Dmitry Gudkov and Yulia Galyamina. Night searches were also held in the apartments of Konstantin Yankauskas's parents and 80-years-old grandmother, at the address of registered candidate Klochkov and registered candidate Darya Besedina. After the search, which ended at 1 a.m., Yashin was detained.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between 20 and 27 July - criminal case, arrests, searches
On the morning of July 27, searches were conducted at the apartments of Yulia Galyamina and Navalny's press secretary Kira Yarmysh.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
The Constitution of the Russian Federation allows peaceful assemblies of citizens without any approval (Article 31), but the Law on rallies adopted in 2004 requires their approval by the authorities. De jure, this order should be informative, but de facto it is prohibitive. Therefore, many lawyers consider the actions of the authorities to prohibit and disperse the July 27 rally and other similar rallies as a flagrant violation of the Russian constitution (for example, see Strategy-31). July 27 rally was not approved by the authorities, and police had warned of responsibility for organizing and participating in unapproved public events.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
On the morning July 27, police detained protest leaders Ivan Zhdanov, Lyubov Sobol, Dmitry Gudkov, Ilya Yashin, and Yulia Galyamina. They were imprisoned until 6.40 - 6.50 pm. The rally should have started at 2 p.m. However, at 12 a.m., 2 hours before the start, the police had already detained the first person - a jogger (who turned up to be the author of MosMetro new logo), which has been doing his morning run. During arrest, policemen broke his leg. Later, the ICR stated that police actions were lawful in this case.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
Metal fences, buses, and lorries blocked the entrance on Tverskaya Street. Mobile connection was blocked. All shops and cafes in the area of Tverskaya Street and Pushkinskaya Square were closed "due to technical reasons". As it was revealed later, police and National Guard troops were dispatched from neighboring oblasts: Vladimir, Kaluga, Ryazan, Tver, Tula, Smolensk, Yaroslavl and Moscow. Besides that, the police had 'civil' agents among the protestors.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
Russian Guard forced out protesters from Tverskaya Street in the alleys by 4 p.m.  After that, the protesters divided into small groups of 300-1000 people and walked through the whole center Moscow for several hours, shouting demands for registration of candidates to the Moscow City Duma and the resignation of Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin. One of these groups blocked the traffic on the Garden Ring for several minutes. Among protesters, there was no prominent opposition politicians, and groups marched without obvious leaders


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
At 5 p.m., the police knocked out the door to the studio of the channel "Navalny LIVE" and conducted a search. Broadcast host Vladimir Milov and four channel employees were detained. A few minutes later, the police came to the editorial office of the Dozhd channel, and handed to the editor-in-chief Perepelova a writ to interrogation as a witness in a criminal case on obstructing the work of the MCEC.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
Between 6.40 and 6.50 p.m., the judges in different parts of Moscow suddenly began to postpone the hearings on the cases of the candidates detained in the morning, thus making them free. Once free, they headed to Trubnaya Square, where protesters gathered. There they all were detained again, except for Dmitry Gudkov, who was detained the next day.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
By 8 p.m., police dispersed people from Trubnaya Square. The total number of detainees was 1074 people according to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and 1373 people according to "OVD-Info". The rally established a record for the number of detainees. The police acted harshly: they used batons and set service dogs. Dozens of people suffered.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
State owned media completely ignored the rally. International media reported many detainees.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
Due to the fact that the crowd was originally divided into several parts, it is hard to estimate the size of the rally. An official estimate of 3,500 participants seems completely unrealistic given that 1,373 were detained. Independent sources give an estimation of 15-20 thousand participants.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow
Starting from July 27, 2019, election campaign turned into criminal investigation environment.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, International reaction
The EU condemned numerous detentions and disproportionate use of force and called Russia to respect its OSCE commitments and other international obligations.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, International reaction
The PACE expressed deep concern at the arrest and detention of hundreds of people.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, International reaction
The US condemned detentions more than 100 people and disproportionate use of force.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, International reaction
The UK expressed a deep concern about detentions and called Russia to comply with its international commitments on human rights.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, International reaction
Canada expressed deep concern and called to refrain from violence.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, Government response to July 27 rally
Only on the evening of July 28 Russian state owned media broke the silence about protests. State owned media didn't make their own video from the rally, they used short fragments from channel Dozhd's video and from Twitter. Official point of view was presented by journalist Vladimir Solovyov in his TV show "Sunday evening". He claimed that independent candidates didn't use legal appeals, claimed that 20% of participants of protests were journalists, praised Police for 'acting politely, unlike in France' and called protestors 'very aggressive'. Solovyov also blamed demonstrators on 'disrupting road traffic' and 'blocking ambulance'. He accused organizers of protests in 'attempt of overthrowing of constitutional order' and 'violating the law'


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, Government response to July 27 rally
On July 30, Moscow Mayor Sobyanin commented on the situation. He accused protesters in igniting riots, attempting to take over Moscow City Hall and 'forcing police to use force'. He also stated that protesters wanted to 'come to power through loud shout like in Zimbabwe'.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, Government response to July 27 rally
Member of the Civic Chamber of Moscow and editor-in-chief of Echo of Moscow Alexei Venediktov replied Sobyanin that none of his points is true.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, Government response to July 27 rally
Later the PCCSHR found no evidence of civil discorder during th July 27 rally.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, Other comments
Tina Kandelaki called protestors to "go to Siberia and fight the wildfire". Why the official authorities do nothing about the wildfire, and some even state that "nothing should be done about that", she didn't specify.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, July 27 rally in Moscow, Other comments
During the rally a policeman hit a woman, which caused a severe bloody wound on her head. She started to smear the policeman, who hit her, with her blood. Margarita Simonyan commented on this situation: "I know people who would pay a lot to be engaged in such a perverted sex".


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, More severe criminal charges against protesters (Moscow case)
Many protesters and bystanders have been arrested. Some have been charged with offenses that carry possible long prison terms. Financial Times reports: "In Mr Zhukov’s case, the evidence of him using 'violence' is a video in which he tries to lift up a riot policeman’s helmet visor, according to Pavel Chikov, head of public defence NGO Agora."


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, More severe criminal charges against protesters (Moscow case)
A list of some of the heavily-charged detainees from July 27 and August 3, 2019 onwards.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between July 27 and August 3
The opposition submitted a request for a rally on 3 August on Lubyanka Square. The authorities offered Sakharov Avenue instead. Opposition representatives didn't agree. On July 30, after some negotiations opposition representative, Mikhail Svetov, was arrested immediately after leaving the City Hall. The next day he was imprisoned for 30 days. The only opposition leader at liberty, Lyubov Sobol, called for a peaceful procession along the Boulevard Ring. The police warned that this procession is not approved and  called to refrain from participating in it.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between July 27 and August 3
On July 31, the free fest "Shashlyk.live" in Gorky Park was announced on 3 August, the same day as unapproved procession. However several bands refused to participate in it "due to unstable political situation". The authorities claimed that 305.000 people visited the fest, yet this number seems unrealistic. Independent sources reported about 1500 spectators at once. The official numbers have become a meme.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between July 27 and August 3
Starting from July 31, the independent candidates begin to submit registration denial complaints to the CEC.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between July 27 and August 3
On August 1, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-mayor Natalya Sergunina's property. Sergunina is responsible for the election process in Moscow. The FBK estimates Sergunina's (along with close relatives) undeclared real estate value at 6.5 billion rub (~ US$100 mln). On August 3, the ICR opened a criminal case against the FBK on laundering 1 billion rub (~US$15.5 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 3 rallies, Moscow
As in the previous case, potential leaders, Sobol  and Yankauskas (his previous detention expired on August 3) were detained before the start of the rally. Lyubov Sobol was fined 300 000 rub (~US$4700). The rally started at 2 p.m. and had multiple points of activity: Pushkinskaya Square, Trubnaya Square, Turgenevskaya Square and Arbat Street. These sites were blocked by the police, which started to detain people from the beginning of the rally. According to OVD-info, 1001 people were detained, at least 19 people suffered. According to the police, "around 600" people were detained. Some former Berkut officers from Ukraine were noticed among the police at the rally.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 3 rallies, Moscow
Due to the fact that the rally had multiple centers, it is hard to estimate the size of the rally. The police estimates the rally of 1500 people, what seems doubtful given the fact that 1001 were detained. Independent sources give an estimation of 5-20 thousand participants.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 3 rallies, Moscow
State owned media didn't broadcast the rally. International media reported many detainees and police violence.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 3 rallies, Moscow
During the rally, authorities carried out a targeted Internet shutdown in the center of Moscow. The three largest mobile operators tried to explain the lack of mobile Internet to be a result of "overcrowding", but their arguments were untenable.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 3 rallies, Saint Petersburg
Rally in support of the Moscow independent candidates in Saint Petersburg was approved by the authorities. Nevertheless, the prosecutor's office warned of responsibility for participation in an unapproved rally. Still, only 2 participants were detained during the rally. The police estimates the rally of 1000 participants, independent sources estimate the rally of 2000 people.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 3 rallies, Saint Petersburg
Small meetings in support of the Moscow opposition also took place in Berlin and Paris.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between August 3 and August 10 - Denial of complaints by the CEC
On August 6, the CEC confirmed the refusal of registration to Alexander Rudenko, Dmitry Gudkov, Lyubov Sobol and Elena Rusakova. On August 9, the CEC confirmed the refusal to register Ilya Yashin and Anastasia Bryukhanova. In all cases the CEC used the same argumentation as the MCEC. The CEC member Nikolai Levichev pointed out that the opposition candidates "should consider that the requirements for them are higher".


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between August 3 and August 10 - Denial of complaints by the CEC
On August 6, a Levada Center opinion poll was published, according to which 37% of Muscovites support actions in support of the independent candidates, 27% spoke out against.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between August 3 and August 10 - Denial of complaints by the CEC
On August 6, all candidates, nominated by the CPRF, called for the admission of all opposition candidates, as well as double-checking the signatures of candidates from the "Communists of Russia" and those supported by "United Russia".


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between August 3 and August 10 - Denial of complaints by the CEC
On August 8, as in the previous case, the authorities announced a free concert on August 10 as part of the Meat & Beat festival in Gorky Park. But there were very few spectators on it.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, Between August 3 and August 10 - Denial of complaints by the CEC
On August 8 and 9, the opposition candidates and several musicians, bloggers and other cultural figures called to participate in the August 10 rally on Sakharov Avenue. The rally was approved by the authorities.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 10 rallies, Moscow
Before the start of the rally, Lyubov Sobol was detained again on the grounds of a complaint "by the organizers of the rally against her and some other participants who were preparing provocations." The organizers of the rally denied this information. Also, the police conducted a search in "Navalny LIVE" alternate studio. On August 12 Lyubov Sobol fined 300 000 rub (~US$4700), and on August 13 she was again fined 300 000 rub (~US$4700).


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 10 rallies, Moscow
Despite the rain and cold weather, the rally started at 2 p.m. Not only the opposition politicians spoke at the rally, but also musicians (for example, Oxxxymiron, IC3PEAK, FACE) and other famous people (for example, Leonid Parfenov, Yury Dud). The authorities tried to ban the performance of musicians, but they ignored the ban. After the authorized rally was over, some of the participants went to Presidential Administration building, but were attacked by the police and scattered; 256 people were detained. Again, some cases of police violence reported. For example, on Zabelin Street a policeman hit a young woman into stomach, and this case had a wide resonance.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 10 rallies, Moscow
The August 10 rally on Sakharov Avenue outnumbered the July 27 rally. According to the police, 20 thousand people participated. According to the “White Counter” organization, 50 thousand people passed through the main entrance, people entered from boulevards nearby were not counted. Other independent sources report 50-60 thousand participants.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 10 rallies, Moscow
State owned media wrote that rally was "unsuccessful", "small in number", only 30% of the spectators were muscovites, and most of them didn't know the rally agenda. The official version was heavily criticized due to lack of evidence. For example, a poll, conducted by Vedomosti newspaper, shows that 80% of the spectators were Muscovites, and 17% - from Moscow Oblast. International media wrote about 'largest rally since 2011' and new detentions.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 10 rallies, Moscow
On August 10, 2019 Roskomnadzor demanded that Google stop the YouTube users from promoting videos about unauthorized protests in Russia.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, August 10 rallies, Other cities
In the Far East and Siberia in the morning before the Moscow rally pickets of solidarity with Moscow took place: Khabarovsk, Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Kemerovo, Tomsk. Pickets also took place in many large cities in central Russia: St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, Ufa, Rostov-on-Don, Voronezh, Perm, Krasnodar, Orenburg, Belgorod, Cheboksary, Izhevsk, Yaroslavl, Bryansk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kurgan, Syktyvkar, Murmansk, and some other. 79 people in St. Petersburg, 13 in Rostov-on-Don, 2 in Bryansk and 2 in Syktyvkar were detained.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, After August 10
After August 10 the authorities declined all the requests for an approved rally by the independent opposition till late September, each time the Sakharov Avenue appeared to be occupied due to various reasons (the CPRF rally (see below), the Day of the Russian flag celebration, the Moscow City Day celebration, and finally the "garbage truck parade"). For example, three requests for an approved rally on August 31 in different sites were declined. The organizers tried to challenge the refusals in the Moscow City Court, but it took the side of the authorities. A serie of parades and loud pro-government concerts caused a wave of indignation in social networks, residents of neighboring houses have submitted a complaint on excessive noise. Finally, the first approved opposition rally since August 10 was held on September 29.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, After August 10
On August 17, CPRF conducted the rally "for fair elections", however, part of CPRF members, including Gennady Zyuganov, condemned the actions of unregistered independent candidates, and their supporters ignored the rally. The police and independent sources had very close rally estimates this time: 4000 and 3900 respectively.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, After August 10
On August 17, since the authorities refused to approve the rally, supporters of the independent candidates held solo pickets on the Boulevard Ring.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, After August 10
On August 31, the unapproved rally "against political repressions" was held on the Boulevard Ring. Unlike previous rallies, the police didn't try to push the protestors out of the streets. The rally was peaceful, there was only 1 detention. As usual, the authorities organized the fest "PRO Leto" on August 31 to counter the rally. The police estimates the rally of 750 people, independent sources give an estimation of 1500 people.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, After August 10
On September 8, the 2019 Moscow City Duma elections took place. The United Russia faction suffered significant losses, they lost in 20 out of 45 constituencies (opposition sources also claim that in 5 constituencies the victory was stolen by the United Russia).


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, After August 10
On September 12, soon after the elections, the searches were conducted in all FBK officies and in the apartments of the FBK employees (and their close relatives) in 40 cities. All computers and other office equipment were seized. Lyubov Sobol stated that it was "more like a robbery than a search". 79 years old grandmother of one of the employees, who was also searched, died of a heart attack on September 16.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, After August 10
On September 29 the approved rally "in support of the political prisoners" was held on the Sakharov Avenue. The rally was peaceful, there was no detentions. The police estimates the rally of 20 000 people, independent sources give an estimation of 25 000 people.


2019 Moscow protests, Protests, After August 10
On October 18, solo pickets were held near the entrances of 17 stations of the Moscow metro in support of detainees under the Moscow case.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
During the 2019 Moscow City Duma elections campaign the FBK published a lot of anti-corruption investigations against Moscow City Duma deputies from the United Russia faction, the CEC and the MCEC members and Moscow City officials. Even authorities later admitted that FBK investigations had a significant impact on protest activity and election results.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On July 1, the FBK published an investigation of Andrey Metelsky's, the leader of the United Russia faction in the Moscow City Duma, property. He has been a deputy in the Moscow City Duma since 2001.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
His son and 75 years old mother owns hotels Maximilian (bought for 5.36 mln €), Tirolerhof (3.6 mln €), Mozart (7 mln €), Strudlhof (24 mln €) in Austria, multi-apartment complex "Lefort", built near the MosMetro station under construction Lefortovo, auto center network "Obukhov", 2 "Tanuki" restaurants, hotel "Foresta" and 4 apartments with a total area of 1700 m2 in Moscow, 3 houses in Moscow Oblast and 1 house in Kaliningrad Oblast. The total cost of his real estate in Moscow only is about 5.7 billion rubles (~ US$90 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On July 18, the FBK published an investigations of the head of the MCEC Valentin Gorbunov's property. His family owns two apartments with a total area of 200 m2 worth US$420 000 in Ika, Croatia.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On July 22, the FBK revealed that pro-government journalist Vladimir Solovyov has an Italian permanent residency.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 1, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-mayor Natalya Sergunina's property. Sergunina is responsible for the election process in Moscow. The FBK estimates Sergunina's (along with close relatives) undeclared real estate value at 6.5 billion rub (~ US$100 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 12, the FBK published an investigation of the member of the CEC Boris Ebzeev's property. His grandson at the age of 4 bought an apartment worth 500 mln rub (~ US$18.5 mln), and at the age of 7 a house in Moscow Oblast.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 12, it was revealed that the MCEC member Dmitry Reut bought an apartment worth 22 mln rub (~US$0.8 mln) from the city of Moscow on unknown conditions. The cost of the apartment exceeds his income for previous years by 2 times.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 15, the FBK published an investigation of Alexei Shaposhnikov's, the chairman of the Moscow City Duma, property. He owns an apartment in the center of Moscow with a total area of 270 m2 worth 95 mln rub (~US$1.5 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 20, the FBK published an investigation of Ilya Platonov's, the son of the former chairman of the Moscow City Duma Vladimir Platonov, property. He owns an apartment in the center of Moscow, on the "golden mile", with a total area of 372 m2 worth 600 mln rub (~US$9.4 mln) and a house in Moscow Oblast with total area of 4000 m2 worth 4000 mln rub (~US$62.5 mln). The Moscow "Golden mile" is an extremely expensive part of Moscow between Ostozhenka street and Prechistenskaya embarkment, where the price of an apartment start from US$25 000 per m2.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 22, the FBK published an investigation of Vladimir Regnatsky's, the head of Security and Anti- Corruption Department of Moscow City, property. Regnatsky is one of those officials who "approves" rallies and is responsible for their dispersing. His mother owns an apartment in the center of Moscow, on the "golden mile", with total area of 146 m2 worth 200 mln rub (~US$3.1 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 26, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-mayor Alexander Gorbenko's property. Along with his son and wife he owns a land plot with total area of 20 000 m2 in Moscow Oblast, where 9 houses built, worth 500 mln rub (~US$7.8 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 27, the FBK published an investigation of Alexander Gorbenko's children's property. His son owns an apartment in the center of Moscow with total area of 226 m2 worth 300 mln rub (~US$4.7 mln), and his daughter owns an apartment in the center of Moscow with total area of 174 m2 worth 240 mln rub (~US$3.8 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 29, the FBK published second investigation of Andrey Metelsky's property. He owns and manages a motorcycle shop "Alpine", while the Russian legislation prohibits deputies from doing business.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On August 30, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-chairman of the CEC Nikolay Bulaev's property. Along with his daughter he owns 3 apartments in Moscow with total area of 392 m2 worth 220 mln rub (~US$3.4 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On September 2, the FBK published an investigation of the deputy of the Moscow City Duma Lyudmila Stebenkova's property. She owns an apartment in the center of Moscow with total area of 197 m2 worth 80 mln rub (~US$1.25 mln) and owned 1 more apartment with total area of 178 m2 which she sold in 2005.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On September 3, the FBK published an investigation of the deputy of the Moscow City Duma Stepan Orlov's property. He received from the City of Moscow two apartments in the center of Moscow with total area of 246 m2 in exchange of his old apartment with total area of 58 m2.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On September 4, the FBK published an investigation of the deputy of the Moscow City Duma Kirill Shchitov's property. He owns an apartment in center of Moscow, on the "golden mile", with total area of 180 m2 and one more with total area of 122 m2, and also two luxury cars.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On September 5, the FBK published an investigation of the vice-mayor Pyotr Biryukov's property. Along with his family he owns 17 apartments in the center of Moscow, 22 luxury cars and a farm estate in Moscow Oblast total worth of 5.5 bln rub (~US$86 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On September 6, the FBK published second investigation of the vice-mayor Natalya Sergunina's property. Her daughter's husband, Aaron-Elizer Aronov, owns the "Aviapark" mall worth of 4.3 bln rub (~US$67.2 mln). Besides, the building company, belonging to Aronov, did not fulfill its social obligations to build a school and museum nearby.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
Sergunina, Birukov and other Moscow City officials didn't respond to FBK Investigations.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
Instead, soon after the first investion on Sergunina, on August 3, the ICR opened a criminal case against the FBK on laundering 1 billion rub (~US$15.5 mln). Later the amount was reduced to 75 mln rub (~US$1.15 mln).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
Soon after the investigation on Biryukov, on September 5 searches were conducted at the FBK office and at the "Navalny LIVE"  studio.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
Soon after the 2019 Moscow City Duma election, on September 12 the ICR carried out mass raids on the FBK regional offices in 40 Russian cities.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
In September various state-owned companies filed lawsuits against FBK for "organizing riots", and the courts partially satisfied them in the amount of 5 mln rub (~US$78 000).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On October 8, the police filed lawsuit against FBK for "costs of maintaining order during rallies" in the amount of 18 mln rub (~US280 000).


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On October 9, the FBK has been declared a "foreign agent" by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation.


2019 Moscow protests, FBK investigations
On October 15, the ICR again carried out mass raids on the FBK regional offices in 30 Russian cities.


2019 Moselle Open
The 2019 Moselle Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 17th edition of the Moselle Open, and part of the ATP Tour 250 Series of the 2019 ATP Tour. It took place at the Arènes de Metz from September 16 through September 22, 2019.


2019 Moselle Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2019 Moselle Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received entry using a protected ranking into the singles main draw:


2019 Moselle Open, Doubles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:


2019 Moselle Open – Doubles
Nicolas Mahut and Édouard Roger-Vasselin were the defending champions, but lost in the final to Robert Lindstedt and Jan-Lennard Struff, 6–2, 6–7(1–7), [4–10].


2019 Moselle Open – Singles
Gilles Simon was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Aljaž Bedene.


2019 Moselle Open – Singles
Jo-Wilfried Tsonga won a record fourth title in Metz, defeating Bedene in the final, 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–3.


2019 Moselle Open – Singles, Seeds
The top four seeds received a bye into the second round.


2019 Mosul ferry sinking
On 21 March 2019, a ferry carrying passengers on the Tigris River near Mosul capsized and sank, killing 103 people, 12 of them children. The capsize was caused by overcrowding on-board the vessel, and by high water levels on the Tigris. Many of the passengers were celebrating the Kurdish New Year.


2019 Mosul ferry sinking, Sinking
The sinking occurred on 21 March 2019 when a ferry carrying passengers sank in the Tigris river near Mosul. The vessel was carrying passengers to Umm al-Rabeein, an island upriver from the city, and was crowded with people celebrating Newroz. The ferry—which had a capacity of 50 passengers—was loaded with nearly 200 people. On the voyage upriver, the ship began to founder, eventually capsizing and sinking. Over a hundred passengers drowned, while 55 were rescued by emergency services and the Iraqi military. As of 22 March, over 50 passengers remain missing.


2019 Mosul ferry sinking, Reactions
Following the disaster, Mosulans began to protest against the owners of the ferry and against the local government, with much of the blame for the disaster being directed at Governor Nawfal al-Akoub. The sinking also prompted the Iraqi government to investigate allegations of corruption within the city's government. During a funeral ceremony near the site of the sinking, an angry crowd of protesters confronted Governor al-Akoub, with some protesters eventually throwing insults and bricks at the governor.


2019 Mosul ferry sinking, Reactions
The governor's vehicle later ran over several people during his escape from the crowd, further inflaming tensions and leading to more calls to replace al-Akoub. A week later Iraqi Prime Minister Adel Abdul Mahdi requested that the Iraqi parliament remove al-Akoub as governor, which the body did on 24 March.


2019 Moto2 World Championship
The 2019 FIM Moto2 World Championship was a part of the 71st F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship season. Francesco Bagnaia was the reigning series champion but he was unable to defend his title as he joined the series' premier class, the MotoGP.


2019 Moto2 World Championship
The season saw the introduction of a new engine package. The Honda CBR600RR inline-4 engine package, which was used since the inaugural season of Moto2 in 2010, was replaced by a 765 cc (46.7 cu in) inline-3 engine manufacturered by Triumph Motorcycles. It is based on the engine of the Triumph Street Triple RS 765. Due to availability constraints on the new Moto2 2019 engine, and the fact that there will be no machines of this specification in other championships, teams agreed to halt Moto2 wildcard entries for 2019.


2019 Moto2 World Championship
This class and Moto3 also adopted the qualifying format used by MotoGP for the season, in which the riders that placed 15th or lower on combined times in the third free practice session would be admitted to qualifying 1, then the four fastest riders from that session would join the fastest 14 riders in qualifying 2.


2019 Moto2 World Championship
Álex Márquez became the Moto2 champion of 2019 seeing for the first time both Marquez brothers claiming championships in the same year in their respective classes with Marc Marquez winning his 6th Premier class title. Despite finishing the final race in Valencia outside the points area, Marquez secured his title with over ten podium finishes with five of them in 1st place securing his championship ahead of Brad Binder by three points.


2019 Moto2 World Championship, Results and standings, Riders' standings
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.


2019 Moto3 World Championship
The 2019 FIM Moto3 World Championship was a part of the 71st F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship season.


2019 Moto3 World Championship
This class and Moto2 adopted the qualifying format used by MotoGP for the season, in which the riders that placed 15th or lower on combined times in the third free practice session would be admitted to qualifying 1, then the four fastest riders from that session would join the fastest 14 riders in qualifying 2.


2019 Moto3 World Championship, Results and standings, Riders' standings
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.


2019 MotoE World Cup
The 2019 MotoE season (known officially as the 2019 FIM Enel MotoE World Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the inaugural season of the MotoE World Cup for electric motorcycle racing, and was part of the 71st F.I.M. Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. After 6 races between July and November 2019, Italian rider Matteo Ferrari from the Trentino Gresini Moto E team became the first MotoE champion.


2019 MotoE World Cup, Calendar, Jerez paddock fire
In March, all MotoE teams tested the new motorcycles at the Circuito de Jerez but the newly built facility which housed the machines was destroyed by a fire which started around 12:15 a.m. of 14 March. Organizer Dorna Sports announced an investigation into the accident where no-one was injured. The remainder of the scheduled tests were cancelled. A new pre-season test session took place in June and the start of the season was pushed back to the German GP, with the missed starting rounds at Jerez and Le Mans replaced by a doubleheader at the season finale in Valencia.


2019 MotoE World Cup, Results and standings, Cup standings
Points were awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider had to finish the race to earn points.


2019 MotoGP World Championship
The 2019 FIM MotoGP World Championship was the premier class of the 71st F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship season.


2019 MotoGP World Championship
After fifteen rounds of the championship, Marc Márquez successfully defended his Rider's Championship in Thailand taking his sixth premier class title and fourth in a row, having already won nine races. He ultimately won 12 races, breaking the single-season points and podium records with 420 points and 18 podium finishes from 19 races. Andrea Dovizioso once again finished second for Ducati for the third consecutive season with two wins, and Maverick Viñales with Yamaha sealed third with two wins. Álex Rins and Danilo Petrucci were the other race winners, both riders achieving their first-ever race wins during the season. In spite of Márquez's sizeable championship margin, seven races, namely Qatar, Italy, Austria, Britain, San Marino, Thailand and Australia were decided with last-lap passes, the season having seen plenty of close racing.


2019 MotoGP World Championship, Rule changes
The season saw the introduction of a new penalty called the "Long Lap" penalty for infractions such as exceeding track limits or engaging in reckless riding. At each circuit, a route is to be defined and marked at a safe point around the circuit (usually an asphalt run-off area outside of a turn). The penalised rider must ride through the defined area within 3 laps of being notified, thereby suffering a penalty equivalent typically to 2 or more seconds on that lap.


2019 MotoGP World Championship, Results and standings, Riders' standings
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.


2019 Motocross des Nations
The 2019 Motocross des Nations was a motocross race held on 28 September and 29 September 2019 at the Assen circuit, in The Netherlands. Motocross des Nations was last held in The Netherlands in 2004 but never at this venue.


2019 Motocross des Nations
France went into the event as the defending champions after taking their sixth title in 2018. However, it was The Netherlands who took victory in front of their home fans which marked the first Dutch win in the 73-year history of the event.


2019 Motocross des Nations, Entry list
Start numbers are allocated based on the team finish from the previous year's edition. France are the reigning champions so they start with numbers 1, 2 and 3.


2019 Motocross des Nations, Entry list
A total of 34 nations competed, up 4 from 2018. Canada, Venezuela, Argentina, Mexico, Guatemala, Philippines and Israel did not send teams after competing in 2018. Slovenia, Russia, Latvia, Croatia, Lithuania, Denmark, Luxembourg, Greece, Norway and Poland all returned for the first time since 2017, while Cyprus returned for the first time since 2009.


2019 Motocross des Nations, Entry list
A number of teams made changes to their lineups before the publishing of the official entry list. 2015 MXGP world champion Romain Febvre was initially chosen to be #3 for France but had to be replaced by Jordi Tixier after breaking a femur at the MXGP of Sweden. In addition, Tom Vialle was originally chosen to be #2 for Team France, but was subsequently replaced by Maxime Renaux following a disagreement between Vialle and the French federation surrounding the wearing of apparel featuring a personal sponsor.


2019 Motocross des Nations, Entry list
Neither Max Anstie or Ben Watson competed for Great Britain due to injuries sustained racing in the world championships. They were replaced by Enduro rider and sand specialist Nathan Watson and Adam Sterry. Mitchell Evans had to pull out of the event due to ongoing medical concerns, his place on Team Australia taken by 17-year old Regan Duffy. Henry Jacobi was initially confirmed as #26 for Germany, but had to be replaced by Simon Längenfelder after damaging a cruciate ligament.


2019 Motocross des Nations, Entry list
Gustavo Pessoa had to withdraw from Team Brazil and was replaced by Pepe Bueno, whilst a hand injury picked up at the final grand prix of the year meant Arnaud Tonus was replaced by Cyrill Scheiwiller for Switzerland. Henrik Wahl was replaced by Cornelius Tøndel for Norway due to an illness.


2019 Motocross des Nations, Entry list
Kawasaki declined to allow its factory riders Eli Tomac and Adam Cianciarulo to enter the competition.


2019 Motocross des Nations, Qualifying Races
Qualifying is run on a class by class basis. Top 19 countries after qualifying go directly to the main Motocross des Nations races. The remaining countries go to a smaller final. Best 2 scores count.


2019 Motocross des Nations, B-Final
The B-Final is for the nations who finished 20th-32nd in qualifying. The top nation from the B-Final qualify for the Motocross des Nations races. Best 2 scores for each nation counts.


2019 Motocross des Nations, Motocross des Nations races
The main Motocross des Nations races consist of 3 races which combine two classes together in each. Lowest score wins with each nation allowed to drop their worst score after the final race.


2019 Motorcycle Grand Prix of the Americas
The 2019 Motorcycle Grand Prix of the Americas was the third round of the 2019 MotoGP season. It was held at the Circuit of the Americas in Austin on April 14, 2019.


2019 Mountain Pacific Sports Federation Volleyball Tournament
The 2019 Mountain Pacific Sports Federation Volleyball Tournament was a postseason men's volleyball tournament for the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation during the 2019 NCAA Division I & II men's volleyball season. It was held April 13 through April 20, 2018 at campus sites. The winner received The Federation's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA Volleyball Tournament.


2019 Mountain Pacific Sports Federation Volleyball Tournament, Seeds
All seven teams were eligible for the postseason, with the #1 seed receiving a bye to the semifinals and home court hosting rights for the semifinals and championship. Teams were seeded by record within the conference, with a tiebreaker system to seed teams with identical conference records. The #1 seed played the lowest remaining seed in the semifinals.


2019 Mountain Pacific Sports Federation Volleyball Tournament, Bracket
With their victory over USC, Pepperdine clinched an NCAA Tournament berth and their fifth MPSF Men's Volleyball title.


2019 Mountain West Conference Baseball Tournament
The 2019 Mountain West Conference Baseball Tournament took place from May 23–26. The top four of the league's seven teams met in the double-elimination tournament held at William Peccole Park in Reno, Nevada. The winner of the tournament, Fresno State, earned the Mountain West Conference's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament.


2019 Mountain West Conference Baseball Tournament, Format and seeding
The conference's top four teams were seeded based on winning percentage during the round robin regular season schedule. They then played a double-elimination tournament with the top seed playing the fourth seeded team and the second seeded team playing the third seed.


2019 Mountain West Conference Football Championship Game
The 2019 Mountain West Conference Championship Game was a college football game played on Saturday, December 7, 2019, at Albertsons Stadium in Boise, Idaho, to determine the 2019 champion of the Mountain West Conference (MW). The game featured the Mountain division champions Boise State and the West division champions Hawaii, and was the conference's seventh championship game.


2019 Mountain West Conference Football Championship Game, Previous season
The 2018 Mountain West Conference Football Championship Game featured Mountain Division champion Boise State against West Division champion Fresno State in the conference's sixth championship game. The Bulldogs upset the Broncos in overtime.


2019 Mountain West Conference Football Championship Game, Teams
The 2019 MW Conference Championship Game was contested by the Boise State Broncos, Mountain Division champions, and the Hawaii Rainbow Warriors, West Division champions. The teams have met 16 times previously, with Boise State holding a 13–3 edge in the series. The teams' last meeting came earlier this 2019 season; Boise State won, 59–37. Hawaii's last victory in the series came in 2007, when they defeated BSU 39–27. This will be the teams' first meeting in the MW Championship.


2019 Mountain West Conference Football Championship Game, Teams, Boise State
Boise State clinched its spot in the Championship Game after its November 23 win over Utah State. This is Boise State's third consecutive and fourth overall appearance in the Championship Game. Boise State continues to represent the Mountain division for three consecutive MW Championship Games since the first game in 2013 and the first school to host the game for three years in a row. The Broncos compiled a 2–1 record in the game, winning in 2014 and in 2017.


2019 Mountain West Conference Football Championship Game, Teams, Hawaii
Hawaii earned its spot after clinching the West Division title on November 23 with a win over San Diego State. This will be Hawaii's first appearance in the title game.


2019 Mountain West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 2019 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Mountain West Conference. It was held from March 13–16, 2019 at the Thomas & Mack Center on the campus of University of Nevada, Las Vegas, in Las Vegas, Nevada. Utah State defeated San Diego State 64–57 in the championship to earn the Mountain West's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament.


2019 Mountain West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Seeds
All 11 MW schools were eligible to participate in the tournament. Teams were seeded by conference record. Ties were broken by record between the tied teams, followed by record against the regular-season champion, if necessary. As a result, the top five teams (Utah State, Nevada, Fresno State, San Diego State and UNLV) received byes into the tournament quarterfinals. The remaining teams will play in the first round. Tie-breaking procedures will remain unchanged from the 2018 tournament:


2019 Mountain West Conference Women's Basketball Tournament
The 2019 Mountain West Conference women's basketball tournament was held March 10–13, 2019 at the Thomas & Mack Center on the campus of University of Nevada, Las Vegas, in Las Vegas, Nevada. Boise State won the tournament and received an automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA Tournament.


2019 Mountain West Conference Women's Basketball Tournament, Seeds
Teams are seeded by conference record, with a ties broken by record between the tied teams followed by record against the regular-season champion, if necessary.


2019 Mountain West Conference Women's Soccer Tournament
The 2019 Mountain West Conference Women's Soccer Tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Mountain West Conference held from November through November 9, 2019. The five-match tournament took place at Boas Tennis/Soccer Complex in Boise, Idaho. The six-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The San Jose State Spartans were the defending champions, but were unable to defend their title, losing to the New Mexico Lobos 1–0 in the first round. The San Jose State Spartans won the tournament with a 2–0 win over San Diego St in the final. This was the first tournament championship for Boise State, and the first for coach Jim Thomas. Boise State was the regular season champions two years in a row, but 2019 was the first time they converted that into a tournament title.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season
The 2019 Mountain West Conference football season, part of that year's NCAA Division I FBS football season, is the 21st season of College Football for the Mountain West Conference (MW) since 2012. 12 teams have competed in the MW-football conference. The season began on August 24, 2019 and will end on November 30. The entire schedule was released on February 4, 2019.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Previous season
In 2018 Boise State won the Mountain Division with a 7–1 Conference record, while Fresno State won the West Division with a 7–1 Conference Record. Fresno State beat Boise State 19–16 in Overtime in the 2018 Mountain West Conference Championship football game, held at Albertsons Stadium in Boise.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Preseason, Mountain West Media
The Mountain West Media Days took place on July 23 and 24 at the Cosmopolitan.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Preseason, Preseason Polls, Preseason All–Mountain West team
(* – member of the 2018 All–Mountain West first team)


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Preseason, Preseason Polls, Preseason All–Mountain West team
(** – member of the 2018 All–Mountain West second team)


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Rankings
Listed are the Mountain West teams who were ranked or received votes at some point during the season. Colorado State, Nevada, New Mexico, San Jose State, and UNLV were never ranked nor received any votes.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Coaches, Coaching changes
There was only one coaching change in the Mountain West Conference for the 2019 season.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Coaches, Coaching changes
Gary Andersen, who previously coached at Utah State, returned to Logan to replace Matt Wells, who left to coach at Texas Tech.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Schedule
The Regular season will begin on August 24 and will end on November 30.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Schedule, Championship Game, Week Fifteen (Mountain West Championship game)
The 2019 Mountain West Conference Championship Game was held on December 7 between the champions of the Mountain Division and the West Division.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Postseason, Bowl games
Rankings are from CFP rankings. All times Mountain Time Zone. Mountain West teams shown in bold.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Mountain West records vs Other Conferences, Mountain West vs Power Five matchups
This is a list of games the Mountain West has scheduled versus power conference teams (ACC, Big 10, Big 12, Pac-12, BYU/Notre Dame and SEC). All rankings are from the current AP Poll at the time of the game.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Mountain West records vs Other Conferences, Mountain West vs Group of Five matchups
The following games include Mountain West teams competing against teams from the American, C-USA, MAC or Sun Belt.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Mountain West records vs Other Conferences, Mountain West vs FBS independents matchups
The following games include Mountain West teams competing against FBS Independents, which includes Army, Liberty, New Mexico State, or UMass.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Awards and honors, Mountain West Individual Awards
The following individuals received postseason honors as voted by the Mountain West Conference football coaches at the end of the season


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Awards and honors, All-Americans
The 2019 College Football All-America Teams are composed of the following College Football All-American first teams chosen by the following selector organizations: Associated Press (AP), Football Writers Association of America (FWAA), American Football Coaches Association (AFCA), Walter Camp Foundation (WCFF), The Sporting News (TSN), Sports Illustrated (SI), USA Today (USAT) ESPN, CBS Sports (CBS), FOX Sports (FOX) College Football News (CFN), Bleacher Report (BR), Scout.com, Phil Steele (PS), SB Nation (SB), Athlon Sports, Pro Football Focus (PFF) and Yahoo! Sports (Yahoo! ).


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, Awards and honors, All-Americans
Currently, the NCAA compiles consensus all-America teams in the sports of Division I-FBS football and Division I men's basketball using a point system computed from All-America teams named by coaches associations or media sources. The system consists of three points for a first-team honor, two points for second-team honor, and one point for third-team honor. Honorable mention and fourth team or lower recognitions are not accorded any points. Football consensus teams are compiled by position and the player accumulating the most points at each position is named first team consensus all-American. Currently, the NCAA recognizes All-Americans selected by the AP, AFCA, FWAA, TSN, and the WCFF to determine Consensus and Unanimous All-Americans. Any player named to the First Team by all five of the NCAA-recognized selectors is deemed a Unanimous All-American.


2019 Mountain West Conference football season, NFL Draft
The following list includes all Mountain West players who were drafted in the 2020 NFL draft.


2019 Movistar Team season
The 2019 season for Movistar Team began in January at the Tour Down Under. As a UCI WorldTeam, they were automatically invited and obligated to send a squad to every event in the UCI World Tour.


2019 Mozambican general election
General elections were held in Mozambique on 15 October 2019. During the leadup to the elections, assassinations and significant intimidation of prominent leaders of opposition parties and election observers were alleged. In addition, State resources, media, and aid for cyclone victims were also alleged to be used in favour of the ruling party (FRELIMO) and its candidates. Local elections observers, civil society organizations, the Commonwealth Observer Group, the European Union Election Observation Mission, and several national and international entities classified the elections as rigged. Nevertheless, the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO was declared re-elected with 73% of the vote.


2019 Mozambican general election
The main opposition party RENAMO as well as the other oppositions parties involved in the elections contested the results, claiming there were numerous irregularities, and accusing FRELIMO of "massive electoral fraud", including hundreds of thousands of "ghost voters". As evidence for the international community, Ossufo Momade, the president of the main opposition party RENAMO,  transported to Europe a box filled with vote ballots that had been marked in favor of the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO before the commencement of vote. Despite these occurrences, the international community largely ignored any concerns of fraud, and gradually countries started recognizing the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO as the winner of the elections


2019 Mozambican general election, Electoral system
The President of Mozambique was elected using the two-round system. The 250 members of the Assembly of the Republic were elected by proportional representation in eleven multi-member constituencies based on the country's provinces and on a first-past-the-post basis from two single-member constituencies representing Mozambican citizens in Africa and Europe. Seats in the multi-member constituencies were allocated using the D'Hondt method.


2019 Mozambican general election, Candidates
On 16 January 2019, the main opposition party RENAMO held a congress at which Ossufo Momade was elected as the party's new leader and presidential candidate. Momade had been the party's interim president following the death of Afonso Dhlakama in May 2018 and was seen as a "unifying leader" that could bring the political and military sector of RENAMO closer.


2019 Mozambican general election, Candidates
The ruling FRELIMO held its congress on 6 May, at which it confirmed its decision to support the re-election of President Filipe Nyussi for a second and final term.


2019 Mozambican general election, Candidates
On 9 May and following a three-day congress, the Democratic Movement of Mozambique confirmed that its presidential candidate would be Daviz Simango, mayor of Beira since 2003. Simango was a presidential candidate in the two previous general elections.


2019 Mozambican general election, Candidates
On 31 July the Constitutional Council approved four candidates; Nyussi, Momade, Simango and Mário Albino. Two candidates were disqualified; Hélder Mendoça and Alice Mabota. Mabota would have been the first woman to run for president, but failed to collect enough signatures.


2019 Mozambican general election, Candidates
FRELIMO nominated Mércia Viriato Licá as one of their candidates. She was elected and became the youngest MP in the country's history.


2019 Moçambola
The 2019 Moçambola is the 42nd season of Moçambola, the top-tier football league in Mozambique. The season was supposed to start on 30 March 2019, but was delayed to 27 April due to the damages caused by Cyclone Idai.


2019 Moçambola
Due to financial problems, the teams were initially divided into two groups for this season. However, the decision was later revoked on 12 April.


2019 Mpumalanga provincial election
The 2019 Mpumalanga provincial election was held on 8 May 2019 to elect the 30 members of the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature. It was held on the same day as the 2019 South African general election. The election was won by the African National Congress, the incumbent governing party in the province.


2019 Mpumalanga provincial election
Incumbent Premier Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane of the African National Congress was elected to her first full term after the election.


2019 Mpumalanga provincial election, Premier candidates
Prior to the election, the incumbent governing party in the province, the African National Congress (ANC), did not announce a premier candidate. Incumbent premier Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane was first on the party's provincial candidate list for the election. She was announced as the party's premier candidate following the election.


2019 Mpumalanga provincial election, Premier candidates
Democratic Alliance (DA) provincial leader and member of the provincial legislature Jane Sithole was announced as the DA's premier candidate. She was also first on the party's list.


2019 Mpumalanga provincial election, Premier candidates
The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) did not field a premier candidate since the party seeks to abolish provincial governments. EFF provincial chair Collen Sedibe was first on the party's provincial candidate list.


2019 Mpumalanga provincial election, Premier candidates
The Freedom Front Plus nominated its provincial leader Werner Weber as its premier candidate.


2019 Mr. Olympia
The 2019 Mr. Olympia contest was a weekend long IFBB professional bodybuilding competition that was held on September 12 to 14, 2019, in Las Vegas, Nevada. This was the 55th Mr. Olympia competition celebrated. The weekend competition is also known as the Joe Weider's Olympia Fitness and Performance Weekend. While the main event was the competition for the title of Mr. Olympia, several other events were held which includes the Amateur competition and sports expo.


2019 Mr. Olympia
On September 12, 2019, a press conference was held on Orleans Arena.


2019 Mr. Olympia
On September 13, 2019, prejudging and finals for Fitness Olympia, Figure Olympia and Classic Physique were held and livestream via Amazon Prime. Mr. Olympia pre-judging was also held on the same night.


2019 Mr. Olympia
On September 14, 2019, the Men's Physique Olympia and Women's Physique Olympia judging and finals were held in the morning at Las Vegas Convention Center. At night, the Bikini Olympia, 212 Olympia and Mr. Olympia finals were held at Orleans Arena.


2019 Mr. Olympia
On September 16, 2019, an Olympia Superstar Seminar was held.


2019 Mubadala World Tennis Championship
The 2019 Mubadala World Tennis Championship was a non-ATP affiliated exhibition tournament. It was the 12th edition of the Mubadala World Tennis Championship with the world's top players competing in the event, held in a knockout format. The winner received $250,000 prize money. The event was held at the International Tennis Centre at the Zayed Sports City in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. It served as a warm-up event for the season, with the ATP World Tour beginning on January 3, 2020.


2019 Mubadala World Tennis Championship
Rafael Nadal (world number 1) and Novak Djokovic (number 2) received byes to the semi-final.


2019 Mubadala World Tennis Championship – Men's Singles
Novak Djokovic was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Stefanos Tsitsipas.


2019 Mubadala World Tennis Championship – Men's Singles
Rafael Nadal won his record fifth title beating debutante Tsitsipas in the final.


2019 Mumbai foot overbridge collapse
On 14 March 2019, in Mumbai city of India, a part of a foot overbridge connecting north-end of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) railway station to Badaruddin Tayabji Lane collapsed and fell on the road. Six people died and at least 30 others were injured in the accident.


2019 Mumbai foot overbridge collapse, Background
The foot overbridge connects north-end of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) railway station to Badaruddin Tayabji Lane. It is maintained by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC). The structural audit and minor repairs of the foot overbridge was carried out six months ago.


2019 Mumbai foot overbridge collapse, Background
In July 2018, G. K. Gokhale Road overbridge in Andheri had collapsed after heavy rain resulting in death of two people. After the incident, 445 bridges were audited for the safety. In September 2017, a stampede broke out on a narrow footbridge at the  Prabhadevi railway station resulting in at least 23 deaths.


2019 Mumbai foot overbridge collapse, Incident
On 14 March 2019, around 7:30 pm IST, a part of bridge collapsed on Dr. Dadabhai Naoroji Road. Due peak hours, there are large number of vehicles on the road and people on the bridge when it collapsed. Six people died in the accident and at least 30 others were injured. The traffic on J. J. flyover going north was affected. The injured were admitted to the Saint George's Hospital and Gokuldas Tejpal Hospital. The remaining part of the foot overbridge was demolished.


2019 Mumbai foot overbridge collapse, Incident
The Government of Maharashtra announced the ex gratia of ₹5 lakh (US$7,000) to next of kin of each person died and ₹50,000 (US$700) to the injured.


2019 Mumbai foot overbridge collapse, Investigation
The collapse will be investigated by the BMC and Central Railways. The preliminary report of the BMC noted that there was an improper structural audit of the foot overbridge. It also noted that the officers had no records of any supervision or inspection during its repair or audit. The structural engineer who audited the bridge and two officers of the bridge department of the BMC were arrested and the complaints against them were filed by the police.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes
The 2019 Mundialito de Clubes was the sixth edition of the Mundialito de Clubes (Club World Cup in English), a biennial international club beach soccer competition contested between top men's clubs from across the world.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes
Organised by Beach Soccer Worldwide (BSWW), the competition took place outside of Brazil for the first time – this edition was hosted in Moscow, Russia between February 27 and March 3, featuring eight clubs. The competition was originally due to take place in São Sebastião, Brazil from 13–16 December 2018. However, in November, due to difficulties coordinating with local authorities, BSWW postponed the event until February 2019 and ultimately moved its location to Europe.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes
Lokomotiv Moscow of Russia were the defending champions but were knocked out in the group stage, ultimately finishing seventh. The tournament was won, for the first time, by Braga of Portugal.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes, Teams
Despite the competition's title of Club World Cup, in reality, this edition only saw two continents represented: Europe and South America. Additionally, the former dominated the line-up with seven clubs entering. Overall, the eight clubs represented six different countries.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes, Teams
Russian league champions Kristall were originally confirmed to participate when the competition was scheduled for December 2018. But due to a calendar clash, they pulled out when the tournament was pushed back to February.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes, Venue
One venue is used in the city of Moscow, Russia.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes, Draw
The draw to split the eight teams into two groups of four took place at BSWW headquarters in Barcelona at 16:00 GMT on February 14.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes, Draw
For the purpose of the draw, the clubs were split into two pots of four. Initially, two clubs in Pot 1 were seeded and automatically assigned to the groups.


2019 Mundialito de Clubes, Draw
The remaining two clubs from Pot 1 were then drawn out; the first was placed into Group A and the second was placed into Group B. The four clubs from Pot 2 were then drawn out; the placement of the clubs alternated back and forth between Groups A and B as each was drawn. Two clubs from the same country could not be placed into the same group.


2019 Munster Senior Football Championship
The 2019 Munster Senior Football Championship was the 2019 installment of the annual Munster Senior Football Championship organised by the Munster GAA. The fixtures were announced on 12 October 2018.