2018 Pacific typhoon season, Season effects
This table summarizes all the systems that developed within or moved into the North Pacific Ocean, to the west of the International Date Line during 2018. The tables also provide an overview of a systems intensity, duration, land areas affected and any deaths or damages associated with the system.


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships
The 2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships were held from November 3 to 10 at the Gangneung Curling Centre in Gangneung, South Korea. The top two men's and women's teams qualified for the 2019 World Men's Curling Championship and 2019 World Women's Curling Championship respectively. The third and fourth-placed teams qualified for the World Qualification Event, a chance to qualify for the World Curling Championships.


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Teams
Skip : Zou QiangThird: Wang ZhiyuSecond: Xu JingtaoLead: Shao ZhilinAlternate: Jiang Dongxu


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Teams
Skip : Jason ChangThird: Derek LeungSecond: Justin ChenLead: Martin YanAlternate: Teddie Leung


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Teams
Skip : Yuta MatsumuraThird: Tetsuro ShimizuSecond: Yasumasa TanidaLead: Shinya AbeAlternate: Kosuke Aita


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Teams
Fourth: Abylaikhan ZhuzbaySkip: Viktor KimSecond: Roman KazimirchikLead: Muzdybay KudaibergenovAlternate: Azizbek Nadirbayev


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Teams
Skip : Kim Soo-hyukThird: Jeong Byeong-jinSecond: Lee Jeong-jaeLead: Lee Dong-hyeongAlternate: Hwang Hyeon-jun


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Teams
Skip : Scott BeckerThird: Simon NeilsonSecond: Anton HoodLead: Warren DobsonAlternate: Peter Becker


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Teams
Skip : Nassar AlyafeiThird: Ahmed Al-FahadSecond: Abdulrahman Ali-MohsenLead: Abdulrahman AlyafeiAlternate: Salim Ali


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Teams
Skip : Randolph ShenThird: Nicholas HsuSecond: Brendon LiuLead: Ting-Li LinAlternate: Henry Cheng


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Men, Round robin results
All draw times are listed in Korean Standard Time (UTC+09).


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Women, Teams
Skip : Tahli GillThird: Laurie WeedenSecond: Lynette GillLead: Kirby GillAlternate: Jayna Gill


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Women, Teams
Fourth: Jiang YilunSkip: Liu SijiaSecond: Dong ZiqiLead: Jiang XindiAlternate: Wang Rui


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Women, Teams
Skip : Ling-Yue HungThird: Julie MorrisonSecond: Ada ShangLead: Ashura WongAlternate: Grace Bugg


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Women, Teams
Skip : Satsuki FujisawaThird: Chinami YoshidaSecond: Yumi SuzukiLead: Yurika YoshidaAlternate: Kotomi Ishizaki


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Women, Teams
Skip : Sitora AlliyarovaThird: Anastassiya SpirikovaSecond: Angelina EbauyerLead: Regina EbauyerAlternate: Yekaterina Kolykhalova


2018 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, Women, Round robin results
All draw times are listed in Korean Standard Time (UTC+09).


2018 Paf Masters Tour
The 2018 Paf Masters Tour was held October 18 to 21, 2018 at the Vianor Curling Center in Eckerö, Åland Islands, Finland as a part of the 2018–19 curling season. The event was held in a round robin format with six teams advancing to the playoffs. The purse for the event was € 18,000.


2018 Paf Masters Tour
In the final, Team Isabella Wranå of Sweden capped off a perfect 6–0 tournament by defeating the previously undefeated Sayaka Yoshimura rink from Japan 5–3 in the final. In the third place game, Tova Sundberg, also of Sweden, doubled up on Aline Fellmann of Switzerland 6–3. To reach the final, Wranå defeated Fellmann 6–4 in one semifinal and Yoshimura beat Sundberg 7–3 in the other.


2018 Paf Masters Tour, Round robin results
All draw times are listed in Eastern European Time (UTC+02:00).


2018 Pahang FA season
The 2018 season was Pahang's 15th season in the Malaysian Malaysia Super League since its inception in 2004.


2018 Pahang state election
The 14th Pahang State election will be held on or before 23 August 2018. The previous state election was held on 5 May 2013. The state assemblymen is elected to 5 years term each.


2018 Pahang state election
The Pahang State Legislative Assembly would automatically dissolve on 1 July 2018, the fifth anniversary of the first sitting, and elections must be held within sixty days (two months) of the dissolution (on or before 1 September 2018, with the date to be decided by the Election Commission), unless dissolved prior to that date by the Head of State (Sultan of Pahang) on the advice of the Head of Government (Menteri Besar of Pahang).


2018 Pahang state election, Contenders
Barisan Nasional (BN) is set to contest all 42 seats in Pahang State Legislative Assembly. Barisan Nasional (BN) linchpin party United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) is to set to contest major share of Barisan Nasional (BN) seats.


2018 Pahang state election, Contenders
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) is set to contest all 42 seats in Pahang.


2018 Pahang state election, Contenders
Pakatan Harapan have decided to contest all 42 seats in Pahang. However, Pakatan Harapan has yet to finalize in 1 or 2 seats. On 17 March 2018, Pakatan Harapan has completed the distribution of seats in Pahang. People's Justice Party (PKR) will contest in 14 seats while the National Trust Party (Amanah) will have 11 seats. Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Bersatu) and the Democratic Action Party (DAP) will contest 9 and 8 seats.


2018 Pahang state election, Election pendulum
The 14th General Election witnessed 25 governmental seats and 17 non-governmental seats filled the Pahang State Legislative Assembly. The government side has 2 safe seats and 4 fairly safe seats, while the non-government side has 4 safe seats, but has no fairly safe seat.


2018 Pakistan Cup
The 2018 Pakistan Cup was the third edition of the Pakistan Cup, a List A cricket competition which was contested between five teams. It was held from 25 April to 6 May 2018, with all the matches played at the Iqbal Stadium, Faisalabad. Federal Areas were the defending champions.


2018 Pakistan Cup
Federal Areas were the first team to advance to the final, after they beat Punjab by 7 wickets. They were joined in the final with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, after the last group stage match, between Punjab and Sindh, finished as a tie. Federal Areas won the tournament, beating Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by five wickets in the final.


2018 Pakistan Cup, Squads
Prior to the start of the tournament, the following squads were announced:


2018 Pakistan Super League
The 2018 Pakistan Super League (also known as PSL 3 or for sponsorship reasons, HBL PSL 2018) was the third season of the Pakistan Super League, a franchise Twenty20 cricket league which was established by the Pakistan Cricket Board in 2015. It featured six teams, which was the first expansion of the league since its formation in 2015. The group stage took place in the United Arab Emirates, with two playoff matches played in Lahore and the final at the National Stadium, Karachi. The tickets for the final were sold out quickly, within fifteen hours.


2018 Pakistan Super League
In the final match, the inaugural champions Islamabad United defeated the defending champions Peshawar Zalmi by three wickets in Karachi to win the title for a second time. Luke Ronchi of Islamabad United was named the Man of the Match of the Final, as well as the player of the tournament and also the leading run scorer, scoring 435 runs in the tournament. Faheem Ashraf of Islamabad United was awarded the best bowler award; as both he and Wahab Riaz of Peshawar Zalmi took 18 wickets to lead the wicket-takers list.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Background
After the success of holding the previous tournament's final at the Gaddafi Stadium, the PCB decided to play eight games of PSL 3 in Pakistan. In addition the PCB chairman Najam Sethi confirmed there would be a sixth team being added in the 2018 edition, with the idea having previously been rejected in 2017. There was much interest in what the sixth team would be, with the PCB shortlisting Hyderabad, Dera Murad Jamali, FATA, Faisalabad and Multan. In the end, the winning party was Multan with Schön Properties paying $5.2 million a year.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Ceremonies, Opening ceremony
In the opening ceremony, which was hosted in Dubai, American pop singer Jason Derulo featured alongside Pakistani singers including Abida Parveen, Ali Zafar and Shehzad Roy. Hareem Farooq and Bilal Ashraf hosted the ceremony. The ceremony also featured the Pakistani Sachal Orchestra and a firework display, with a teaser of Zafar's first Pakistani film Teefa in Trouble also being shown.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Ceremonies, Closing ceremony
The Closing ceremony took place at National Stadium, Karachi, on 25 March ahead of the final. The ceremony was hosted by Bilal Ashraf, with Pakistani singers Ali Zafar, Shehzad Roy, Strings, Aima Baig and Farhan Saeed performing live in front of 33,000 people in the stadium.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Teams and squads
The 2018 PSL featured six team franchises, with five teams that appeared in previous seasons; and a new team based in Multan.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Teams and squads
The player draft for the 2018 season was held in Lahore on 12 November 2017. 501 players, including both Pakistani and international players, were divided into five different categories. Each franchise was allowed to pick a maximum of seven foreign players in their squads, which could have a maximum of 21 members.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Officials
The panel of officials for the tournament consisted of eight umpires and two match referees. Aleem Dar, Ranmore Martinesz and Tim Robinson stood in matches during the tournament. Pakistani umpires Ahmed Shahab, Shozab Raza, Rashid Riaz, Khalid Mehmood and Asif Yaqoob were also part of the panel as well. The match referees panel consisted of former Sri Lankan ICC match referee Roshan Mahanama and Pakistani match referee Mohammad Anees.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Venues
Like the 2016 and 2017 seasons, most of the matches of 2018 season were played in the UAE. However, the playoffs and final took place in Pakistan; they were played in Lahore and Karachi. Each foreign cricketer who played matches in the country was paid an extra US$10,000 for each of these matches.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Venues
The International Cricket Council security team visited National Stadium, Karachi, on 23 October, to ensure its condition. The  chairman of the PCB Najam Sethi was quoted on 22 November saying "that the renovation of stadium will be completed in February 2018, to host the PSL Final." The tickets for the final were sold out within 3 hours.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Promotion in media
The league was promoted on social media by the hashtag #HBLPSL 2018, due to its three-year contract (2016–18) with HBL Pakistan for title sponsorship. Also, the six teams are promoted by #AbKhel6Ka. It was also promoted by #DilSeJaanLagaDe, the hashtag for the league's official anthem by Ali Zafar.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage
The league stage of the tournament ran from 22 February to 16 March 2018.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 1
The month long tournament began on 22 February between the defending champions, Peshawar Zalmi and the new team the Multan Sultans. Peshawar batted first and, despite losing a wicket in the second over, went on to score 151/6 with Mohammed Hafeez top-scoring with 59 runs. The Sultans chased the score down, losing just 3 wickets, giving them a 7 wicket win, and winning on their PSL debut. The first double-header of the group stage saw wins for Karachi and Multan by 19 and 43 runs respectively.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 1
The Multan win brought up an interesting stat which was that both of the first two PSL hat tricks took place in Dubai, on a Friday, under Shoaib Malik's captaincy, against the Lahore Qalandars. The next four games were all one-sided; in the first the defending champions Peshawar restricted Islamabad to 149/9 from Islamabad's 20 overs, to get their first win of the tournament with Umaid Asif taking a 4-fer (4 wicket haul) on debut for Zalmi. On the same day, the Quetta Gladiators quickly chased down 119 inside 14 overs against the Lahore Qalandars.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 1
In the sixth game, the Multan Sultans' winning run came to an end against Islamabad United. In the game, the Sultans were all out for 113 with United winning by 5 wickets. In the next game despite Dwayne Smith's 71 not out, the Karachi Kings chased down 131 to beat Peshawar by 5 wickets. At Dubai, the rivals Lahore and Karachi faced off, Lahore's poor form continued as they lost their third consecutive game in the tournament with Karachi winning by 27 runs and Shahid Afridi taking 3-19. In the final game of week 1, which was the first game of the tournament in Sharjah, the Gladiators won comfortably by 6 wickets against Islamabad.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 2
The second week began dramatically, with Peshawar having a batting collapse to fall to 125/5 in their innings against the Quetta Gladiators in Sharjah. In next the Zalmi captain Daren Sammy, who was earlier taken off with an injury, came out and hit two sixes and a four to get Zalmi a win. After game 11 between Multan and Karachi in Sharjah was abandoned at the toss, the other game on the day was also hosted at Sharjah.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 2
The game between Lahore and Islamabad was the first in PSL history at that point, to finish with a super over as both teams were tied on 121. In Lahore's over they finished with 15/1, while in Islamabad's over they got 19 winning the game with a last ball 6. The game after was more straightforward, with an Imran Tahir hat-trick downing Quetta and giving Multan the win. The game after made history as the first ever 10 wicket win in the PSL, as Peshawar Zalmi chased down 101 without losing a wicket.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 2
The next day, Islamabad United beat Karachi Kings by 8 wickets with help from a Luke Ronchi 71. On the same day, a Sohaib Maqsood* carried the Multan Sultans' to another win against Peshawar Zalmi, this time by 19 runs. The day after Umar Gul rolled back the years taking 6/24 for the Multan Sultans', but the effort was in vain as the then Pakistan under 19 captain Hasan Khan hit a last over 6 to give Quetta a 2 wicket win. The last day of week 2 saw a double-header, with both games being played at Dubai. In the first game a Luke Ronchi 77 helped Islamabad beat Lahore by 6 wickets, while in the second game Quetta beat Karachi by 67 runs. This was at the time the biggest win by runs in PSL history.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 3
Week 3 started with a Lahore win, as future Pakistan international Shaheen Shah Afridi took 5/4 in his 3.4 overs against the Multan Sultans. In game 21 despite 3/30 and 33 not out from Wahab Riaz, Islamabad United beat Peshawar Zalmi by 26 runs taking Islamabad to the top of the table. The day after was a double header, with a Joe Denly 78 from 55 balls helping the Karachi Kings to a comfortable win over Multan by 63 runs.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 3
The second game of the day involved Peshawar and Quetta, with a Sarfaraz Ahmed 45* guiding Quetta home with 6 wickets to spare and eliminating Lahore in the process. A super over was needed again to separate Lahore and Karachi with them both being tied 163 after both of their 20 overs, in the end though Sunil Narine held his nerve to give Lahore their second win of the season. A crucial encounter followed 2 days later, with Islamabad and Multan facing off at Sharjah Cricket Stadium.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 3
In the end though despite 73 of 47 from Kieron Pollard, Islamabad won by 33 runs meaning that they and Quetta both advanced to the playoffs. In game 26, Lahore continued their winning run against Quetta thanks to 94 of 50 from Fakhar Zaman. The next day, Peshawar beat Karachi helped by 75 by Kamran Akmal and 3/17 from Liam Dawson keeping Peshawar in the tournament. Islamabad continued their winning run in game 28, ensuring that they finished at the top of the table by beating Quetta by 6 wickets.


2018 Pakistan Super League, League stage, Summary, Week 4
Week 4 only consisted of two games as the tournament moved from the League stage to the knockouts, in the penultimate game the Lahore Qalandars scored 172 in their innings against Peshawar. In response Kamran Akmal scored his 2nd century in the PSL becoming the first player to score two centuries in the history of the tournament, and guiding Peshawar into the playoffs with a win. While in the final game taking place on the same day Islamabad United collapsed to 121, allowing the Karachi Kings to claim a playoff spot and eliminate the Multan Sultans in the process.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Preliminary, Qualifier 1
The qualifiers meant the top two teams on the table, Karachi and Islamabad, would face off. Karachi Kings won the toss and chose to bat first. One of the openers Khurram Manzoor, got out early while the other Joe Denly got his half century before getting out hit-wicket. Their number 3 batsman Babar Azam also got out cheaply as he got out second ball for a silver duck. Next came in Karachi's captain Eoin Morgan who made 21 before being sent back to the pavalion.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Preliminary, Qualifier 1
The top-scorer of the kings innings was Colin Ingram with an unbeaten 61 helping Karachi get to 150. The pick of the bowlers was the former Pakistan international Mohammad Sami with 2-20. In response the game never looked in doubt as a quickfire 94 not out from Luke Ronchi sent Islamabad to the final. Ronchi was well supported by the other opener Sahibzada Farhan who made 29 with Samit Patel hitting the winning runs, to get the fastest victory in terms of balls remaining ever in the PSL at the time.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Preliminary, Eliminator
The eliminator put the teams in 3rd and 4th against each other, with these being Peshawar Zalmi and Quetta Gladiators. The two teams previously played against each other in the year before's final. Quetta Gladiators won the toss and chose to field. The Gladiators dismissed the Zalmi openers quite cheaply with Kamran Akmal out for a duck. Andre Fletcher came in but was soon sent back to the pavilion as well for a single run. Liam Dawson and Mohammed Hafeez steadied the ship for Zalmi with 62 and 25 respectively to help get Peshawar over 150.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Preliminary, Eliminator
Rahat Ali was the pick of the bowlers with 4-16. In response both of Quetta's openers fluctuated and were both out cheaply. Afterwards twin 35's from the Gladiators captain Sarfaraz Ahmed and Mohammad Nawaz brought some stability to their innings. Going in to the final over it looked like the game was over for the gladiators who needed 25 off it .


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Preliminary, Eliminator
However Anwar Ali scored 23 of the first five balls against Liam Dawson meaning Quetta needed 3 off the last ball to win, then a dropped catch followed but Mir Hamza was run out trying to get back for 2 and draw the game. This meant Peshawar Zalmi won by 1 run having previously lost twice to the Quetta by a run. All of Zalmi's bowlers took 2 wickets except Dawson with Hasan Ali and Sameen Gul both taking 2-21


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Preliminary, Eliminator 2
The second eliminator put the loser of the qualifier the Karachi Kings against the winner of the first eliminator Peshawar Zalmi. "Eliminator 1 Scorecard The game got off to a late start due to rain which meant that both teams innings were reduced to 16 overs. Karachi Kings won the toss and decided to field first. Both of Zalmi's openers got off to a good start with Andre Fletcher making 34 and Kamran Akmal smashing a quick half-century (50 of 17 balls).


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Preliminary, Eliminator 2
Zalmi's middle order supported Akmal helping him finish on 77  Zalmi on 170 with Ravi Bopara taking the most wickets with 3-35. In response one of Karachi's openers, Joe Denly scored 79 not out from 46 and he was well supported by Babar Azam who made 63 of 46 before getting out to Hasan Ali in the end though Zalmi won by 13 runs and went through to the final. Sameen Gul was the pick of the bowlers conceding just 20.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Final
The final took place at National Stadium, Karachi, after the semi finals which had taken place in Lahore, with it being the first high-profile match in the stadium in 10 years. Peshawar won the toss an elected to bat, there innings started badly with Kamran Akmal and Andre Flecher getting out cheaply. Mohammed Hafeez came in next but was soon back in the pavilion only scoring 8. Zalmi recovered with Liam Dawson and Chris Jordan both scoring thirties with Jordan scoring 36 and Dawson 33.


2018 Pakistan Super League, Playoffs, Final
After they both departed Zalmi's lower middle orde collapsed before a late onslaught from Wahab Riaz got Zalmi close to 150. The pick of the bowlers was Shahdab Khan with 3-25. In response Islamabad got off to a good start with Luke Ronchi and Sahibzada Farhan scoring big. Ronchi got his half-century before getting out on 52, while Farhan scored 44 before losing his wicket. With Islamabad near their target a middle order collapse followed with 5 batsman only contributing 20 runs. However, in the end 3 sixes in a row from Asif Ali got united over the line and gave them their second PSL title.


2018 Pakistan Super League Final
The 2018 Pakistan Super League Final was a Twenty20 cricket match, played on 25 March 2018 at the National Stadium in Karachi, Pakistan to determine the winner of the 2018 Pakistan Super League. The inaugural champions Islamabad United defeated the defending champions Peshawar Zalmi by 3 wickets to win their second title. Luke Ronchi was awarded player of the match and player of the tournament awards. The tickets for final were sold out within 3 hours.


2018 Pakistan Super League Final, Route to the Final
During the group stage of the 2018 Pakistan Super League each team played ten matches, two against each of the other sides contesting the competition. All matches were played in the United Arab Emirates due to the security situation in Pakistan. The top four teams progressed to the playoff stage. Islamabad United finished the group stage with first position by winning seven of their matches and losing three. Peshawar Zalmi finished the group stage with third position by winning five of their matches and losing five.


2018 Pakistan Super League Final, Match
The final took place on 25 March 2018 at National Stadium in Karachi, Pakistan. This was also the first PSL match taking place in Karachi and a high-profile tournament final match taking place there after almost a decade.


2018 Pakistan Super League Final, Match, Report
Peshawar Zalmi won the toss and elected to bat first. Peshawar's in-form batsman Kamran Akmal was out lbw for 1 run off 8 balls, with Samit Patel taking the wicket in the third over early on. The fourth-wicket fifty-partnership between Chris Jordan and Liam Dawson; and Wahab Riaz's 28 runs off 14 balls ensured their side reached to a total of 148 runs in the innings in which Islamabad's Shadab Khan took three wickets.


2018 Pakistan Super League Final, Match, Report
Islamabad batting second had Luke Ronchi hit five sixes in the first five overs as he raced to 45 runs off just 15 balls, before he got out in the ninth over after scoring a 26-ball 52. By the time, Ronchi and Sahibzada Farhan - who played his own part with 44 runs off 33 balls - had put on 96 runs for the opening partnership in under nine overs. But a sudden collapse resulted in Islamabad losing six wickets for 20 runs leaving them at 116/6.


2018 Pakistan Super League Final, Match, Report
Akmal then dropped a catch at fine leg when Asif Ali attempted a pull shot off Umaid Asif with Islamabad needing 30 runs off 33 balls. Asif Ali then hit three sixes on the trot off Hasan Ali. While the winning runs were scored by Faheem Ashraf who hooked Wahab Riaz for six with just one run required.


2018 Pakistan Super League Final, Scorecard
Toss: Peshawar Zalmi won the toss and elected to bat.


2018 Pakistan Super League Final, Scorecard
Fall of wickets: 12/1 (K Akmal, 2.4 ov), 24/2 (Hafeez, 4.1 ov), 38/3 (Fletcher, 5.6 ov), 90/4 (Jordan, 12.3 ov), 101/5 (Saad Nasim, 14.1 ov), 111/6 (Sammy, 15.4 ov), 111/7 (Umaid, 15.5), 117/8 (LA Dawson, 16.4 ov), 121/9 (Hasan Ali, 17.5 ov)


2018 Pakistan Super League Final, Scorecard
Fall of wickets: 96/1 (L Ronchi, 8.5 ov), 97/2 (Walton, 9.1 ov), 102/3 (JP Duminy, 10.3 ov), 112/4 (Farhan, 11.6 ov), 115/5 (SP Patel, 13.1 ov), 116/6 (Shadab, 13.6 ov), 148/7 (Hussain, 16.1 ov)


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft
The 2018 Pakistan Super League player draft was the player draft for third season of the Pakistan Super League, held on 12 November 2017 in Lahore. Each franchise was allowed to pick 16 players from total 501 players; including Pakistani and foreign cricketers who took part in the draft. They divided into five different categories; Platinum, Diamond, Gold, Silver and Emerging and Supplementary. This was Multan Sultans' inaugural season, they were allowed to pick 9 players prior to the draft.


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft, Retained players
The list for the names of 9 retained players in each five teams was announced on 5 October 2017. The new team Multan Sultans picked their 9 pre-draft players from the players released by other franchises, and their names were announced on 10 October.


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft, Transfers
On 3 October 2017, it was confirmed that Shahid Afridi has been transferred from Zalmi to Kings in return of one Gold and two Silver picks, which was named as the biggest trade of the season. It was also announced on 5 October that the gold pick Mohammad Rizwan has been picked by Kings in trade for the gold pick Sohail Khan to Qalandars. On 6 October, it was reported that United brought Iftikhar Ahmed from Zalmi in exchange of supplementary pick in second round of draft.


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft, Players released
Further players; who played in 2017 PSL, were released by their franchises, who are:


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft, New players
On 30 September, Chairman PCB Najam Sethi announced that following players are the new top signings for the league:


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft, New players
On 14 October, some more names for the new signed in players were revealed:


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft, New players
It was reported on 20 October that the two players from the China national cricket team were signed in by franchise Zalmi:


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft, Draft picks
A total of 501 players; 193 Pakistani and 308 overseas were a part of the draft. Earlier, each franchise had a purse of US$1.2 million, but then PCB decided to increase the salary cap of each franchise by US$25,000 on 13 November. They were allowed to stack up their squad with a maximum of 21 players by picking them from the categories in following order with a varying range and limit in price:


2018 Pakistan Super League players draft, Draft picks
Following players were picked by the franchises in the draft:


2018 Pakistan Super League squads
This is a list of the squads of the six franchise teams which competed in 2018 Pakistan Super League. The five existing team franchises submitted their list of nine retained players on 5 October 2017. Since this was the inaugural season for the new team Multan Sultans, they were allowed to pick nine pre-draft selections and announced their names on 10 October. Complete squad was finalised after the 2018 Pakistan Super League players draft on 12 November 2017.


2018 Pakistani Senate election
The triennial Senate Elections of Pakistan were held on 3 March 2018 to replace 52 retiring senators - half of the Senate's strength - with the winning candidates serving six-year terms. Overall, Pakistan Muslim League (N) came out as the largest party, followed by the Pakistan Peoples Party and the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. The results of these elections were steeped in controversy due to rampant allegations of horse trading and vote-buying, which lead to the Prime Minister and opposition leader Imran Khan calling for reforms. Prior to this election, PML (N) candidates were declared as independents by the Election Commission of Pakistan owing to a Supreme Court judgment.


2018 Pakistani Senate election
Elections for the chairmanship and deputy chairmanship of the senate were held on 12 March 2018. Both posts were won by joint opposition's candidates with Sadiq Sanjrani and Saleem Mandviwalla being elected chairman and deputy chairman, respectively.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Background
The Senate of Pakistan is the upper house of the Parliament of Pakistan. It consists of 104 senators with each senator serving a 6-year term. The elections are conducted triennially for half the seats in the senate. This staggered nature of the terms means that at any given time senators from two different elections are serving in the Senate.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Background
The 2018 elections were conducted on 3 March 2018 to replace the senators elected during the 2012 elections. The electoral process is based on an indirect single transferable vote. This is in contrast to the methodology of direct first-past-the-post voting used in all other parliamentary elections in the country. Thus, effectively, the senators in Pakistan are voted for by serving members of the country's National and Provincial Assemblies and not the public. This reduction in electorate, the transferable nature of the vote, and secrecy of the ballot have resulted in the senate elections in the country being almost always marred by allegations of vote trading.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Background
In terms of seats, there is fixed representation of each of the country's administrative unit in the senate, apart from the disputed territories of Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir. There are 23 seats from each province, 8 from Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and 4 from the capital region of Islamabad. In a given election, half of these seats are contested for. Due to the odd nature of the number of seats from the provinces, each election cycle sees two provinces elect all 12 representatives, while the remaining two elect 11.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Background
This year's elections took place in an environment of uncertainty as one of the electing houses, the Balochistan Assembly, saw an in-house change, the lower house's speaker, Ayaz Sadiq, voiced concerns that 'hidden elements' might not let the current government complete its term, and the candidacy of PML-N candidates was stripped mere days before the election. Further still, in the lead up to the elections, the ruling PML-N was of the opinion that the provincial assemblies in which it is not in power, namely, Balochistan, Sindh, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, might be prematurely dissolved to postpone the senate elections until after the general elections.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Background, Candidacy of PML-N Nominees
On 28 July 2017, the Supreme Court of Pakistan disqualified Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif from holding public office. Following this, the Elections Act 2017 was passed, which allowed Sharif to serve as party head despite being disqualified. However, in a later judgement passed by the Supreme Court on 21 February 2018, Sharif was disqualified from holding office as party president. In this judgement, all decisions taken by Sharif during his tenure as party president were declared null and void, including Senate tickets which he had signed himself. To prevent delay in Senate elections, the Election Commission of Pakistan declared all PML(N) candidates as Independents.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Voting
Voting is conducted on the basis of single transferable vote where a voter prioritizes their vote among a list of candidates. First priority votes are given the highest weightage and carry 100 points. Election Commission of Pakistan establishes the criteria for the minimum number of points required to attain a senate seat. During the first count, when a candidate breaches that criteria, they are declared a winner for the seat. Any surplus points they have are divided among other preferences in successive iteration(s). Similarly, a candidate who falls well short of this criteria during the first count has their points transferred among other preferences in subsequent count(s). This whole exercise is repeated iteratively until all vacant seats are filled.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Voting
It is pertinent to mention that the points system is only used for senators to be elected from general, women, and technocrat seats in provincial assemblies. For senators who are elected from the National Assembly or are running for a minority/non-Muslim seat in the provinces, only a vote count is used.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Voting
In a typical election, a total of 52 seats are contested. Of which 33 are general seats (7 from each province, 4 from FATA, and 1 from Islamabad), 9 are technocrat seats (2 from each province, and 1 from Islamabad), 8 are women seats (2 apiece from each province), and 2 are minority seats (1 each from 2 provinces).


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Voting, Voting Requirements
The following table outlines the voting requirements in the current senate elections. The Minimum Votes Required column only considers first priority votes:


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Voting, Voting Requirements
‡Minority Seats are filled for only 2 provinces in a given election. This way the elections for these seats alternate between Punjab/Sindh and Balochistan/KPK.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Candidates
A total of 131 candidates were in the run for the 52 seats. 33 from Sindh, 26 from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 24 from FATA, 23 from Balochistan, 20 from Punjab, and 5 from Islamabad.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Results, Summary
Overall, PML (N) backed Independents won the most seats, securing 15 of the 52 seats up for election. 11 of these seats were from Punjab, 2 of them from Islamabad and 2 from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) closely trailed behind, securing 12 of the 52 seats. Of these, 10 were won in Sindh and 2 were won in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Meanwhile, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) secured 6 seats of which 5 came from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and one from Punjab.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Results, Summary
The strong performance of the PPP raised many eyebrows and led to allegations of 'horse trading' by the party. Noting that MQM, despite having 52 MPAs in the Sindh Assembly, only managed to secure one senator, whilst the PPP managed to secure two senators - including one on the women's seat - from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with only 7 MPAs.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Results, Summary
Another surprise win was by Chaudhry Sarwar of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf from a general seat in Punjab who gained 44 first priority and 2 second priority votes - the most in the assembly this election. This was a surprise because the result came about despite the PTI-PML (Q) alliance only having 38 votes. This indicated that Sarwar had also been voted for by members of Pakistan Muslim League (N) and Pakistan Peoples Party.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Results, Summary
Finally, on a Women seat from Sindh, Krishna Kolhi of the PPP became the first Dalit to be elected to the Senate of Pakistan.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Results, Results by Administrative Units, Federally Administered Units
NOTE: FATA only has general seats, while Islamabad has 1 general and 1 technocrat seat that were up in this election.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Election of Chairman and Deputy Chairman
After the winning candidates have been notified by the Election Commission, there is a one-week delay until they take oath. During that time, retiring senators make their farewell speeches and any objections on the successful candidates is handled. After this time has lapsed, the reconstituted senate elects their Chairman and Deputy Chairman by a simple majority via a secret ballot.


2018 Pakistani Senate election, Election of Chairman and Deputy Chairman, Candidates and Results
Two candidates apiece, from the opposition and treasury benches, contested the elections on 12 March 2018. Joint opposition's candidates, Sadiq Sanjrani and Saleem Mandviwalla, won the elections for their respective seats.


2018 Pakistani general election
General elections were held in Pakistan on Wednesday, 25 July 2018 to elect the members of National Assembly and the four provincial assemblies.


2018 Pakistani general election
In the National Assembly elections, the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) received the most votes and won the most seats. At the provincial level, the PTI remained the largest party in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP); the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) retained its dominance in Sindh and the newly formed Balochistan Awami Party (BAP) emerged as the largest party in Balochistan. In Punjab, the result was a hung parliament with the Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) winning the most seats. However, after several independents MPAs joined the PTI, the latter became the largest party and was able to form a government.


2018 Pakistani general election
Opinion polling prior to the campaigns starting had initially shown leads for the Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) over the PTI. However, from an 11-point lead, the PML-N's lead began to diminish in the final weeks of the campaign, with some polls close to the election showing the PTI with a marginal but increasing lead.


2018 Pakistani general election
In the lead-up to the elections, there were rumours about some pre-poll rigging being conducted by the judiciary, the military and the intelligence agencies to sway the election results in favour of the PTI and against the PML-N. However, Reuters polling suggested PML-N's lead had genuinely narrowed in the run-up to the elections, and that the party had suffered "blow after blow" which caused setbacks to any hopes of re-election.


2018 Pakistani general election
Election day saw the PTI receive 31.82% of the vote (its highest share of the vote since its foundation), while the PML-N received 24.35%. Following the elections, six major parties including PML-N claimed there had been large-scale vote rigging and administrative malpractices. Imran Khan, chairman of the PTI, proceeded to form a coalition government, announcing his cabinet shortly after the elections. The newly formed coalition government included members of the Muttahida Qaumi Movement and Pakistan Muslim League (Q).


2018 Pakistani general election
Regarding the voting process, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) outrightly rejected reports of rigging and stated that the elections had been fair and free. A top electoral watchdog, Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN), also said that the 2018 general elections in Pakistan had been "more transparent in some aspects" than the previous polls. In its preliminary report, the European Union Election Observation Mission said that no rigging had been observed during the election day in general, but found a "lack of equality" and criticized the process more than it had in the Pakistani election of 2013.


2018 Pakistani general election
This was also the third consecutive election from Pakistan's most recent transition to democracy where a democratic handover of power was observed. The day after the election, despite reservations over the result, PML-N conceded defeat. Pakistan's election commission reiterated its position, rejecting reports of rigging. The voter turnout dropped from 55.0% in 2013 to 51.7%.


2018 Pakistani general election
Although the election commission rejected rigging allegations, there were claims that Khan was able to lure more electable candidates to his party than PML-N, which led to suggestions that there was electoral inequality. However, the newly minted opposition decided against boycotting parliament, lending legitimacy to the electoral process by parliamentary participation. Initially a recount was ordered in 14 constituencies because of procedural errors.


2018 Pakistani general election
Moreover, procedural errors then led to a recount on 70 constituencies by the election commission (more than the winners margin of victory in Punjab and Federal elections) after which, Khan's PTI was officially declared the winner in Federal elections. The margin for the Punjab election was narrow between Khan's PTI and Pakistan Muslim League (N), but independents and Pakistan Muslim League (Q) factions endorsed federal winners PTI, which led to Khan's party forming government in Punjab also. Thus PML-N lost the elections both at the provincial and the federal level, becoming the opposition, nominating Shehbaz Sharif to be leader of the opposition at the federal level and his son Hamza Shahbaz as opposition leader in Punjab.


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, 2013 elections
Following the elections in 2013, Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz), led by twice Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif, emerged as the largest party with 166 seats out of a total of 342 in the National Assembly. Although this was short of a majority, Sharif was able to form a government after several independents joined his party.


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, 2013 elections
During the election campaign, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), led by prominent cricketer turned politician Imran Khan, was widely expected to have huge success in the polls. The party fell short of these expectations, instead only taking 35 seats. It became the 3rd largest party in the National Assembly and formed a coalition government in the restive north-western province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, Azadi march (2014)
PTI had initially conceded the elections to PML (N), although they asked for manual recounts to be carried out in several constituencies where rigging had been allegedly carried out. These calls were not answered by the government or the Supreme Court, despite a 2,100 page white paper by the party which allegedly contained evidence of vote-rigging in favour of the PML (N). An ‘Azadi March’ was started by Khan on 14 August 2014 which demanded the government to call a snap election.


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, Azadi march (2014)
The sit-in in Islamabad continued for 126 days, until the 2014 Peshawar school massacre occurred, which forced Khan to end the protest for the sake of ‘national unity’. A judicial commission was formed by the government which would probe the allegations of vote-rigging: it found the election to have been largely conducted in a free and fair manner, while also stating that PTI's request for a probe was not "entirely unjustified".


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, Panama Papers case (2016)
On 3 April 2016 the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) made 11.5 million secret documents, later known as the Panama Papers, available to the public. The documents, sourced from Panamanian law firm Mossack Fonseca, among other revelations about other public figures in many other countries,  included details of eight offshore companies with links to the family of Nawaz Sharif, the then-incumbent Prime Minister of Pakistan, and his brother Shehbaz Sharif, the incumbent Chief Minister of Punjab. According to the ICIJ, Sharif's children Maryam Nawaz, Hassan Nawaz and Hussain Nawaz “were owners or had the right to authorise transactions for several companies”.


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, Panama Papers case (2016)
Sharif refused to resign and instead make an unsuccessful attempt to form a judicial commission. The opposition leader Khan filed a petition to the Supreme Court of Pakistan on 29 August seeking the disqualification of Sharif from the premiership and as a member of the National Assembly. Political leaders Sheikh Rasheed and Siraj-ul-Haq also supported this petition. Khan called, once again, for his supporters to put Islamabad in lockdown until Sharif resigned, although this was called off soon before it was meant to take place.


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, Panama Papers case (2016)
On 20 April 2017, on a 3-2 verdict, the Supreme Court decided against the disqualification of Sharif, instead calling for a Joint Investigation Team (JIT) to be created which would probe these allegations further.


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, Panama Papers case (2016)
On 10 July 2017, JIT submitted a 275-page report in the apex court. The report requested NAB to file a reference against Sharif, his daughter Maryam, and his sons under section 9 of National Accountability Ordinance. Additionally, the report claimed that his daughter Maryam was guilty of falsifying documents, as she submitted a document from 2006 which used the Calibri font despite the font itself not being available for public use until 2007.


2018 Pakistani general election, Background, Disqualification of Nawaz Sharif (2017)
On 28 July 2017, following the submittal of the JIT report, the Supreme Court unanimously decided that Sharif was dishonest, therefore not fulfilling the requirements of articles 62 and 63 of the constitution which require one who holds public office to be Sadiq and Ameen (Urdu for Truthful and Virtuous). Hence, he was disqualified as Prime Minister and as a Member of the National Assembly. The court also ordered National Accountability Bureau to file a reference against Sharif, his family and his former Finance Minister Ishaq Dar on corruption charges.


2018 Pakistani general election, Electoral system
The 342 members of the National Assembly are elected by two methods in three categories; 272 are elected in single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post voting; 60 are reserved for women and 10 for religious minority groups; both sets of reserved seats use proportional representation with a 5% electoral threshold. This proportional number, however, is based on the number of seats won rather than votes cast. To win a simple majority, a party would have to take 137 seats.


2018 Pakistani general election, Electoral system
The 2018 General Elections were held under new delimitation can of constituencies as a result of 2017 Census of Pakistan. Parliament of Pakistan amended the Constitution, allowing a one-time exemption for redrawing constituency boundaries using 2017 provisional census results. As per the notification issued on 5 March 2018, the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) now has three constituencies, Punjab 141, Sindh 61, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 39, Balochistan 16 and Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) has 12 constituencies in the National Assembly. 106 million people were registered to vote for members of the National Assembly of Pakistan and four Provincial Assemblies.


2018 Pakistani general election, Electoral system
Likewise for elections to provincial assemblies, Punjab has 297 constituencies, Sindh 130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 99 and Balochistan 51.


2018 Pakistani general election, Electoral system, Electoral reforms
In June 2017 the Economic Coordination Committee approved the procurement of new printing machines with a bridge loan of 864 million rupees. The government has also developed new software for the Election Commission of Pakistan and NADRA to ensure a "free, fair, impartial, transparent and peaceful general election." The former Federal Law Minister Zahid Hamid elaborated that youth reaching the age of 18 will automatically be registered as voters when they apply for a CNIC from NADRA.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Major by-elections (2017–2018)
Following the disqualification of Nawaz Sharif, several by-elections were held throughout Pakistan.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Major by-elections (2017–2018), Lahore by-election, September 2017
The first of these was the by-election in Sharif's former constituency, NA-120 Lahore, which is located in the capital city of the Punjab province, a province where the PML (N) was the ruling party. It retained this seat, albeit with a much reduced majority due to gains by the PTI and minor Islamist parties.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Major by-elections (2017–2018), Peshawar by-election, October 2017
The second of these was a by election in Peshawar, capital city of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, where the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf| was the ruling party. NA-4 once again voted for PTI, despite a reduced majority: once again mainly due to the rise of Islamist parties. These by-elections largely were largely seen as indicators that the ruling parties in both Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab were still electorally strong.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Major by-elections (2017–2018), Lodhran by-election, 2018
On 15 December 2017, Jahangir Khan Tareen, General Secretary of the PTI, was disqualified from holding public office. Hence, his NA-154 Lodhran seat was vacated.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Major by-elections (2017–2018), Lodhran by-election, 2018
In a previous by-election in this constituency in 2015, Tareen won this seat with a majority in excess of 35,000 votes. Therefore, this seat was seen as a stronghold for the PTI.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Major by-elections (2017–2018), Lodhran by-election, 2018
In what was seen as an upset result, Iqbal Shah of the PML (N) won this by-election with a majority over 25,000 votes against Jahangir Tareen's son, Ali Tareen. Many saw this as a failure on the PTI's behalf, and the result led to a drop in morale for PTI workers.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Campaigning
The National Assembly and provincial assemblies of Pakistan dissolved as early as 28 May for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Sindh, and as late as 31 May for Punjab, Balochistan, and the National Assembly.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Campaigning
The assemblies dissolved during the holy month of Ramadan, a month where Muslims worldwide refrain from eating or drinking from sunrise to sundown. Hence, most major parties did not start campaigning until late June.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Campaigning, Nomination papers
On 4 June, parties and individuals started filing nomination papers for the elections. This process continued until 8 June. After this, the returning officer in each constituency began scrutiny of the nominated candidates and decided whether or not to accept the nomination papers.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Campaigning, Nomination papers
The scrutiny resulted in many high-profile politicians having their nomination papers rejected: Imran Khan (chairman of PTI), Farooq Sattar (chairman of Muttahida Qaumi Movement (Pakistan) (MQM-P)) and Pervez Musharraf (chairman of All Pakistan Muslim League and former President), had their nomination papers rejected. Both Sattar and Khan had their nomination papers  later accepted.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Campaigning, Nomination papers
Additionally, politicians Fawad Chaudhry (Information Secretary of PTI) and Shahid Khaqan Abbasi (former Prime Minister) were disqualified from contesting these elections by election tribunals due to the non declaration of assets in their nomination papers. This was controversial because election tribunals were seen as not having the jurisdiction to disqualify candidates, rather only to accept or reject their nomination papers. The Lahore High Court eventually overturned these judgements and allowed the respective candidates to contest their elections. Two major politicians of Tehreek-e-Insaf from Chakwal, Sardar Ghulam Abbas and  Sardar Aftab Akbar Khan were disqualified to contest elections producing major problem in Chakwal district for the party.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Campaigning, Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz)
Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) launched its election campaign on 25 June 2018 from Karachi. On 5 July 2018, PMLN unveiled its election manifesto. Nevertheless, it has been stated there was, "lack of equality of opportunity" in the pre-election campaign, and there were systematic attempts to undermine the ruling party PML-N.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Campaigning, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf started its election campaign on 24 June 2018 from Mianwali. On 9 July 2018, Imran Khan launched PTI's election manifesto. On 23 July 2018, PTI concluded its electioneering with rallies in Lahore.


2018 Pakistani general election, Campaign, Campaigning, Pakistan Peoples Party
On 28 June 2018, PPP became the first political party to unveil its election manifesto. PPP kicked off its election campaign on 30 June 2018, as Bilawal inaugurated their election office in Lyari, Karachi.


2018 Pakistani general election, Opinion polls
*Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal is an alliance of Islamist political parties, formed in 2002 and dissolved after the 2008 elections. The restoration of this alliance occurred in December 2017. Polls conducted before the restoration show the sum for Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F), the major political party in this alliance.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct
There were 272 national and 577 provincial assembly constituencies, contested by over 3,600 and 8,800 candidates respectively. A total of 811,491 staff were deployed for election duties as presiding officers, assistant presiding officers, and polling officers, in addition to 371,000 armed forces personnel who provided security duties alongside police and other law enforcement agencies. There were 85,317 polling stations set up, comprising over 242,000 polling booths. The election watchdog FAFEN deployed 19,683 neutral observers accredited with the Election Commission to observe the voting and counting process at over 72,000 polling stations.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
There have been allegations by some international journalists and scholars, claiming that there was a plan between judiciary and military bodies to influence the outcome of the election. These allegations were also made by the outgoing PML-N following Nawaz Sharif's disqualification for corruption. It was suggested that alleged goal of these attempts was to halt the party of Nawaz Sharif from coming into power and to bring the results in favor of PTI, so that Imran Khan – who is alleged as close to the military – can be installed as the prime minister.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
Khan has denied these allegations as a "foreign conspiracy" and "against the facts", while the military also categorically rejected them. There have been claims of PML (N)'s campaign material being ripped apart by authorities while leaving alone material belonging to PTI. There have been suggestions that candidates belonging to PML (N) have been coerced by ISI to switch to those parties whose future government can be better controlled by military.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
On the last day of scrutiny of nomination papers, seven PML (N) candidates from Southern Punjab returned their tickets leaving no option for PML (N) to field replacement candidates, depriving them an opportunity to win those seats. There have also been reports of election engineering by army and intelligence agencies in Balochistan province in favor of Balochistan Awami Party.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
Reports further suggested that there was evidence of collusion between the judiciary and military, in that two military officials were appointed to the Joint Investigation Team to investigate corruption allegations against former prime minister Nawaz Sharif, which were further strengthened by the circumstances of the Avenfield case verdict against the Sharifs. Justice Shaukat Aziz Siddiqui, an Islamabad High Court senior justice, released a statement on 22 July alleging that judges were pressured by ISI not to release Sharif before the election.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
However, he provided no evidence and was at the time facing corruption and misconduct charges pending at the Supreme Judicial Council, leading to rumours about the timing of his statement. Pakistan's Chief Justice Saqib Nisar said he felt "saddened" at Siddiqui's comments, and whilst criticising them, stated that "as the head of judiciary, I assure you that we are not under any sort of pressure". There have been allegations that the micromanagement of political parties and the censorship of the newspapers, social media and TV channels is to further influence the election result.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
An official from the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan stated that "The level of army interference and political engineering is unprecedented." The summary of the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan fact finding exercise reported curbs on freedom of expression, including curbs to distribution in newspapers, TV, journalists, digital media and press advice and intimidation by intelligence agencies. The curbs were in favor of PTI, with respondents reporting that "criticism of the PTI" was a topic unpopular with the intelligence agencies.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
"nother reportedly common piece of press advice to the broadcast media [from the intelligence agencies] that the channel should give greater coverage to PTI rallies and only minimal coverage to other parties’ events". Another institution, the National Accountability Bureau has been described as being used by military intelligence agencies, including ISI, to bring politicians in line by threatening to bring corruption cases against them. Due to interference by military and intelligence agencies, The Financial Times described these elections as "the dirtiest in years".


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
Furthermore, the EU observer mission released their report after the election stating that there were "systematic attempts to undermine the ruling party", "lack of equality of opportunity", pressure on the media, far stronger efforts than usual to encourage switching parties and judicial conduct had all negatively influenced the vote.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Pre-poll
Some of these allegations have also been made by certain political parties and figures more prominently by PML (N). Among the politicians, Farhatullah Babar has been very vocal against the election meddling by military describing it as a "creeping coup against civilian authority". Raza Rabbani also leveled same allegations including the Election Commission of Pakistan, National Accountability Bureau and security agencies as the culprit behind pre-poll rigging.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Election day
Almost all political parties, with the exception of PTI, have alleged large scale election day rigging. The winning PTI have alleged rigging in some constituencies as well. Doubts were raised by unprecedented delays in the declaration of results. The fairness of the election was also criticized due to the Election Commission's failure to provide Form 45s, official forms which include the tally of votes and are prepared in the presence of political agents of all the candidates.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Election day
Party leaders alleged that their representatives were barred from polling stations before counting began and the Form 45s were prepared in their absence and behind closed doors. In some instances, the representatives were given results on plain paper instead of official forms. In another instance, the presiding officer signed blank forms, allowing the possibility of results being manipulated afterwards. Independent candidate Jibran Nasir also made similar allegations. There was also an incident of seven people being  arrested for alleged vote rigging in Karachi.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Election day
According to FAFEN observer Sarwar Bari, "Only one polling agent of every party is allowed when Form 45 is given out by the polling staff, so we can’t rule out the fact that it could be a misunderstanding." A few days after the election, in the NA-241 (Korangi Karachi-III) constituency, ballots cast for candidates of PML (N), PPP, and MQM-P were found in a garbage heap. A PTI candidate won the election in that constituency.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Election day
Chairman of winning party Imran Khan pledged that he will allow to open any constituency his opponents think are rigged, he said that opposition has full right into recounting or accountability over election process to ensure transparency.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Election day
The Free and Fair Election Network, an election watchdog, said the 2018 polls were "more transparent" in some aspects than the previous elections and that "significant improvements in the quality of critical electoral processes" inspired "greater public confidence". According to former Indian Chief Election Commissioner S. Y. Quraishi, a member of the international observers group in Pakistan, the election system was transparent, free and fair, and the minor technical glitches which showed up later in the day were due to inexperience.


2018 Pakistani general election, Conduct, Allegations of election meddling, Election day
On 12 August 2018, it was reported that 90% of Form-45s were not signed by any polling agent, which is a violation of Election Act 2017. However, an ECP spokesperson clarified the discrepancy by stating that there was no designated space on the Form-45s to obtain the signatures of polling agents. The signatures were instead done on tamper-evident bags that were used to transport the results. For the transparency reasons and to combat controversy surrounding form 45, election commission of Pakistan published all form 45 publicly on their website.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation
Despite rejecting the results of the election due to alleged rigging, the Pakistan Muslim League (N) made the decision to take oath in the elected assemblies for the sake of democracy, conceding that Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf’s Imran Khan was likely to be the Prime Minister. Hence, the government formation at the federal level was left to the PTI alone.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation
Talks began with smaller parties and independents to form a government. Muttahida Qaumi Movement which won six seats, Pakistan Muslim League (Q) which won four, Balochistan Awami Party which won four, Grand Democratic Alliance which won two, and thirteen independent candidates were invited to join the PTI-led government. Additionally, Awami Muslim League led by Sheikh Rasheed Ahmed, the party’s only MNA, had already vowed its support to PTI before the elections.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation
On 28 July, PML (Q) pledged its support to PTI’s candidates for Chief Minister of Punjab, making it unlikely to oppose PTI in the National Assembly. On 31 July, Balochistan Awami Party announced its support for a PTI led federal government.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation
On 1 August, Muttahida Qaumi Movement was told by the PPP that it had to choose between sitting in a coalition with them in Sindh or sitting in a coalition with PTI in the centre. On the same day, MQM-P convener Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui announced the party’s six MNAs would lend their support to the PTI in the National Assembly.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation
On 2 August, Pakistan Muslim League (N), Pakistan Peoples Party, Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal and Awami National Party announced to form a “Grand Opposition Alliance” whereby the Speaker, Prime Minister and other key posts would be jointly nominated and elected.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation
The Speakership would be given to the PPP, the Deputy Speakership to the MMA and the Premiership to the PML-N. However, on 16 August, after the elections for speaker, PPP decided to withdraw their support for Shehbaz Sharif for the post of Prime Minister, owing to previous statements made by the individual about the party's co-chairman and ex-President of Pakistan, Asif Ali Zardari.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation
Over the next few weeks, other parties pledged their support towards the PTI nominees for speaker, deputy speaker. These parties include Balochistan National Party (Mengal), Grand Democratic Alliance and Jamhoori Watan Party. In addition to this, 9 independents joined the party.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation, Election for Speakers of the National Assembly
The election for the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly took place on 15 August 2018.


2018 Pakistani general election, Government formation, Election for Prime Minister
The election for the premiership took place on 17 August 2018.


2018 Pakistani general election, Reactions, Domestic
As the results began to pour in, many of the main opposition parties declared that the elections were not 'free and fair'.


2018 Pakistani general election, Reactions, Domestic
The Election Commission of Pakistan denied the allegations but announced that it would be willing to investigate if proof was provided.


2018 Pakistani general election, Reactions, Domestic
PTI chairman Imran Khan also addressed the allegations in his first national address and said that he would be willing to look into any allegations of rigging. He also added that he thought that the elections were the "cleanest in Pakistan's history."


2018 Pakistani general election, Reactions, Domestic
Celebrations across Pakistan also erupted as early results indicated a win for Tehreek-e-Insaf. Khan's fellow cricketers and celebrities took to Twitter in celebration of his assumed victory even before election results were finalized or a government formed.


2018 Pakistani general election, Reactions, Economic
The Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) reacted positively and opened 2% higher as the prospect of a hung government dissipated. The KSE index closed 749 points higher on Thursday. On 3 July 2018, the benchmark KSE-100 index gained 314 points to reach 43,100 points. It closed up 770 points at 43,556 points. The US dollar shed Rs5.36 against the rupee in the inter-bank market for the first time in four years, falling to Rs122.5. The positive economic indicators are considered to be largely driven by what investors consider the return of political stability following the 25 July polls.


2018 Pakistani general election violence
On the election day, there were series of violent attacks that occurred in the four provinces of Pakistan. The first attack occurred early in the morning in Larkana on Pakistan Peoples Party camp in which at least three people were injured in a grenade attack. The second incident occurred in Swabi District when a gun fight broke out between Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and Awami National Party (ANP) agents in which the PTI agent was shot dead. Later in the day, two attacks occurred in the Balochistan province. The first was in the capital Quetta, in which 31 people were killed and several more were injured. Then two people were injured in Nasirabad District. In Sindh, there were several violent clashes between members of Pakistan Peoples Party and Grand Democratic Alliance leaving many severely injured.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Pre-election violence
The attacks came 12 days before general elections. In the beginning of the month, a bombing took place in Ramzak Tehsil of North Waziristan at the office of Malik Aurangjeb Khan, Pakistan Movement of Justice's candidate for NA-48 (Tribal Area-IX), leaving 10 people injured. A week before the current attack in Bannu, a bomb planted in a motorcycle was remotely exploded at an election campaign of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal's PK–89 candidate Shein Malik in the Takhti Khel area of the city.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Pre-election violence
Two days prior to the attacks, a suicide bombing at an election rally of the Awami National Party's leader Haroon Bilour in Peshawar left 20 people, including Bilour, dead and wounded 63 others. On 12 July, the Balochistan Awami Party (BAP)'s office in Khuzdar came under gunfire before a bomb detonated injuring 2 people.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Pre-election violence
On 13 July, two separate bombings on election rallies in Mastung and Bannu left 154 people dead and injured more than 220 others. In Bannu, 4 citizens were killed and 10 were injured after a planted bomb exploded near the car of JUI-F candidate Akram Khan Durrani. In Mastung, a suicide bomber affiliated with Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) blew himself up  at the election rally of BAP's candidate for the Balochistan Assembly, Nawabzada Siraj Raisani, killing him and 148 others people and injured over 186.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Pre-election violence
On 22 July, PTI's candidate for constituency PK-99 Ikramullah Gandapur and his driver were killed after a suicide bomber blew himself near his car as he was headed towards a corner meeting in the outskirts of Dera Ismail Khan. The same day, unknown gunmen opened fires on the vehicle of Durrani in Bannu. No one was hurt during firing as the vehicle was bulletproof. This was second unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Durrani and third terrorist incident in the city in the span of two weeks. On 24 July, 3 soldiers and a civilian were ambushed at Dashtuk, in eastern Balochistan, and killed while escorting polling staff, 14 more were injured, 10 seriously.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, 2018 Quetta suicide bombing
On 25 July, during polling of general elections, a bomb blast outside a polling station in Quetta resulted in 31 people being killed with over 35 injured. Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant claimed responsibility for the attack, according to the group’s Amaq news agency.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
In Swabi, a city in the northern province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, one person was killed and three injured after PTI supporters exchanged fire with those from the secularist Awami National Party (ANP).


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
In Kohistan, at least seven people were injured after a scuffle broke out between two different groups of independent candidates.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Sindh
In Larkana, at least three other people were injured in a grenade attack outside a polling station in Larkana, in the southern province of Sindh.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Sindh
In Sanghar District, a violent clash occurred between Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and Grand Democratic Alliance (GDA) party members. The dispute started after a woman was stopped from casting the vote on technical reasons. In this incident, several people were injured.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Sindh
In Dadu, a town in the province of Sindh, three people were injured in a  firing incident. Police have arrested seven, including the shooter.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Sindh
In Badin, another clash occurred between Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and Grand Democratic Alliance (GDA) party members. In the incident, six people were injured.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Sindh
In Karachi, a group of unknown people painted the word 'Nawaz' over a donkey following Imran Khan's statement calling supporters of their opponent Pakistan Muslim League (N) donkeys. The donkey was tortured by mob afterwards and hit with a car. Ayesha Chundrigar Foundation, an animal's charity, tried to save the donkey but it succumbed to injuries.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Punjab
In Khanewal, a man was shot dead and another one was injured in a political clash.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Punjab
In Rajanpur, several people were injured after clash between Pakistan Muslim League (N) and Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf workers.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Punjab
In Faisalabad, two suspects have been arrested by police for carrying weapons outside NA-105. AK-47 Kalashnikovs and magazines, found to be on their person, were seized by the police.


2018 Pakistani general election violence, Other violent incidents, Balochistan
In Nasirabad District, two people were injured in a firing incident.


2018 Pakistani presidential election
The 2018 Presidential elections (Urdu: صدارتی انتخابات) were held in Pakistan on 4 September 2018. The elections saw Arif Alvi of PTI being elected as the 13th President of Pakistan after defeating Fazal-ur-Rehman of MMA and Aitzaz Ahsan of PPP. Although the incumbent President Mamnoon Hussain, whose term was to expire on 9th September 2018, was eligible for re-election, he declined to take part.


2018 Pakistani presidential election
The PTI-led government coalition nominated a founding member of the party Arif Alvi, right after a week of the announcement of the official victory of PTI in the general elections. The PPP on the other hand took a solo flight in announcing the candidature of PPP stalwart, a law expert and a veteran politician Aitzaz Ashan without having done the consensus with the remaining opposition. Against PTI's Alvi and PPP's Ahsan, the PML-N-led  Opposition came up with Fazal-ur-Rehman, the leader of Far-right Islamist MMA, as their joint candidate.


2018 Pakistani presidential election
The Elections witnessed a decisive victory for Arif Alvi who managed to get 352 votes from the Electoral College. Opposition's Fazal-ur-Rehman followed with 184 votes, while Aitzaz Ahsan got only 124 votes. Alvi managed to emerge victorious in Punjab, KPK, and Balochistan, as well as the Parliament. Meanwhile, Aitzaz Ahsan was triumphant in Sindh. Although having a higher vote count than Ahsan, Fazal-ur-Rehman wasn't able to win in the Parliament or any Provincial Assembly.


2018 Pakistani presidential election
The President-elect Arif Alvi was sworn in as the 13th President of Pakistan on 9th September 2018.


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Schedule
The Election Commission of Pakistan announced the initial election schedule on 16 August 2018. Polling was conducted on following five places on 4 September 2018:


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Schedule
Members of Senate and National Assembly cast their vote at Parliament House whereas members of Provincial Assemblies cast their vote at respective assemblies.


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Electoral system
The President of Pakistan is indirectly elected by the Electoral College of Pakistan – a joint sitting of the Senate, National Assembly and Provincial Assemblies.


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Electoral system
The votes of the members of the Senate and National Assembly are counted as single votes. Meanwhile, the votes given by the provincial assembly legislators are adjusted so as to give each province an equal share in the election. This is so because, each provincial assembly has a varying number of members, depending upon population size. The largest province by population size, Punjab, has a total of 371 members in its assembly, whereas the smallest province of Balochistan has a mere 65 members in its legislature. Therefore, the provincial votes are weighted against the Balochistan assembly in the following manner:


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Electoral system
Regarding timing, the constitution states that election to the office of President must be held no earlier than sixty days and no later than thirty days before the expiration of the term of the incumbent president. If assemblies are not present, the constitution allows the election of president to be delayed thirty days after the general election.


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Electoral system
The electoral process itself is done via a secret ballot due to the post of the president being constitutionally non-partisan. Therefore, unlike during the election of the Prime Minister, cross-party voting is not liable to be considered defection.


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Electoral College
The Electoral College of Pakistan is formed by a joint sitting of the six leading political bodies in Pakistan:


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Electoral College
The maximum strength of the electoral college is 706. However, considering the vacant seats, the electoral college for this presidential election stood at 679. A simple majority is required in a two-candidate contest to claim victory. But in a three-candidate race, the victory requirement goes down considerably depending on how the votes are split.


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Electoral College
The weighted votes of each political party in the six bodies constituting the electoral college are as follows:


2018 Pakistani presidential election, Voting
The voting started at around 10:00 am PST. Prime Minister Imran Khan came to the Parliament House and cast his vote with an hour left in the voting deadline. The voting ended at 04:00 pm PST. A total of 1,110 votes were cast during the election out of which 28 votes were declared invalid.


2018 Palarong Pambansa
The 2018 Palarong Pambansa was the 61st edition of the Palarong Pambansa multi-sports event and was held in Vigan, Ilocos Sur from April 15 to 21, 2018. Student athletes from 17 athletic associations representing the 17 regions of the Philippines competed in different sporting events and disciplines.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, Bidding
The cities of Baguio, Iligan, Vigan and the province of Bukidnon made a bid to host the 61st Palarong Pambansa. In 2017, Vigan was selected host of the Games. In January 2018, the Department of Education and the provincial government of Ilocos Sur signed a memorandum of agreement regarding the hosting of the games to be held primarily in Vigan.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games
The opening ceremony of the 2018 Palarong Pambansa was held at the Quirino Stadium in Bantay, Ilocos Sur on April 15, 2018. Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte was the guest speaker of the event for the second consecutive year. Duterte stated that the event is a breeding ground for future sports icons and nation-builders, "whose values and principles are founded on perseverance, discipline, teamwork, integrity, and love of country".


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games
Sports personalities including chess grandmaster Eugene Torre, cue artist Efren "Bata" Reyes, bowler Paeng Nepomuceno, swimmer Eric Buhain, long jumper Elma Muros, 1996 Summer Olympics silver medalist Mansueto Velasco, 2014 Youth Olympic Games gold medalist Luis Gabriel Moreno and 2016 Summer Olympics silver medalist Hidilyn Diaz led the carrying of the giant Philippine flag. Moreno then lit the friendship cauldron using an arrow shot, symbolizing the commencement of the games.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games
Lydia de Vega-Mercado, considered as Asia's fastest woman in the 1980s, was honored as the Palarong Pambansa Lifetime Achievement Awardee during the opening rites. Her daughter, Stephanie represented her in the event.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games
On the second day of the Games on 16 April 2018, barefoot runner Lheslie de Lima from Camarines Sur won the first gold medal of the event in the 3,000 meter run (secondary girls category). She dedicated the win to her distant relative Senator Leila de Lima, who is currently in prison.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games
At the final day of the Games on April 21, 2018, the National Capital Region capped off their campaign with their 14th straight-overall championship, winning 100 gold, 70 silver and 50 bronze medals. Calabarzon and Western Visayas ended up with 1st and 2nd runner-up finishes, respectively.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games, Sports, Regular Sports
These are the regular sports disciplines that were played in the games.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games, Sports, Demonstration sports
These are the seven demonstration sports played at this year's Palarong Pambansa.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games, Sports, Special Para Games
These are the four para sports that were contested at this year's Palarong Pambansa.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, The Games, Participating regions
A total of 17 athletic associations coming from 17 regions of the country participated in the athletic meet. The provinces of Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental which competed under the Negros Island Region in the previous two editions of the games (2016 Palarong Pambansa and 2017 Palarong Pambansa) will now compete and merge with their previous original regions, Western Visayas and Central Visayas respectively, after the Negros Island Region which was created in 2015 was dissolved by President Rodrigo Duterte.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, Playing Venues
At least 34 different locations in various towns across Ilocos Sur and its capital city Vigan were selected as the playing venues for the 26 sports disciplines of the games.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, Billeting Areas, Athletic Delegations
Several public and private elementary, secondary and tertiary schools, colleges and universities situated at the provincial capital Vigan and nearby towns were selected as the billeting areas for delegates and officials of the games.


2018 Palarong Pambansa, Billeting Areas, Athletic Delegations
CS - central school, NCS - north central school, SCS - south central school, ES - elementary school, IS - integrated school, NHS - national high school.


2018 Pampanga Lanterns season
The 2018 Pampanga Lanterns season is the 1st season of the franchise in the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL).


2018 Pan Am Badminton Championships
The XXII 2018 Pan Am Badminton Championships is a continental championships tournament of badminton in Pan America. This tournament were held as two events in different countries. From 15 to 18 February, the team event was held in Tacarigua, Trinidad and Tobago. From 26 to 29 April, the individual event will be held in Guatemala City, Guatemala.


2018 Pan Am Badminton Championships, Tournament
The team event of 2018 Pan Am Badminton Championships officially Male & Female Pan Am Team Continental Championships 2018, is a continental stage tournament of Thomas and Uber Cups, and also to crown the best men's and women's badminton team in Pan America. This event organized by the Badminton Pan Am and Trinidad and Tobago Badminton Association. 15 teams, consisting of 8 men's teams and 7 women's teams entered the tournament.


2018 Pan Am Badminton Championships, Tournament
The individual event of Pan Am Badminton Championships is an individual continental championships tournament of badminton, to crowns the best male and female players and pairs in Pan America. The point of this tournament graded as BWF World Tour Super 100 event. This event organized by the Badminton Pan Am and Federacion Nacional de Badminton Guatemala.


2018 Pan Am Badminton Championships, Tournament, Point distribution
Below is the tables with the point distribution for each phase of the individual event tournament based on the BWF points system for the Pan Am Badminton Championships.


2018 Pan American Aerobic Gymnastics Championships
The 2018 Pan American Aerobic Gymnastics Championships were held in Lima, Peru, from November 29 to December 1, 2018. The competition was organized by the Peruvian Gymnastics Federation, and approved by the International Gymnastics Federation.


2018 Pan American Archery Championships
The 2018 Pan American Archery Championships was held in Medellín, Colombia from 14 to 19 August 2018.


2018 Pan American Cross Country Cup
The 2018 Pan American Cross Country Cup took place on February 17, 2018. in La Libertad, El Salvador.


2018 Pan American Cross Country Cup, Participation
According to an unofficial count,  athletes from 20 countries participated.


2018 Pan American Fencing Championships
The 2018 Pan American Fencing Championships was held in Havana, Cuba from 15 to 20 June 2018 at the Coliseo de la Ciudad Deportiva.


2018 Pan American Fencing Championships
The top seven teams (+ hosts Peru) in each team event qualified for the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru. After the seven teams in each event were determined, the top two athletes per individual event not qualified through a team would also qualify.


2018 Pan American Gymnastics Championships
The 2018 Pan American Gymnastics Championships was held in Lima, Peru, in September, 2018. Three gymnastics disciplines were contested: artistic gymnastics (from September 11 to 16), rhythmic gymnastics (from September 26 to 30) and trampoline (from September 5 to 9). The event was organized by the Peruvian Gymnastics Federation under the supervision of the Pan American Gymnastics Union and the International Gymnastics Federation, and served as qualification for the 2019 Pan American Games, which will also be held in Lima, Peru.


2018 Pan American Judo Championships
The 2018 Pan American Judo Championships was held in San José, Costa Rica from 20 to 21 April 2018.


2018 Pan American Men's Club Handball Championship
The 2018 Pan American Men's Club Handball Championship was the XI and last edition of this tournament, held in Taubaté, Brazil from 23 to 27 May 2018. It acted as a qualifying tournament for the 2018 IHF Super Globe.


2018 Pan American Men's Club Handball Championship, Modus
The seven teams played in two groups a round Robin.


2018 Pan American Men's Club Handball Championship, Modus
The last from Group A and the two last from Group B played a Consolation round.


2018 Pan American Men's Club Handball Championship, Modus
The first from each group played against the second from the other group the Semifinals.


2018 Pan American Men's Club Handball Championship, Modus
The losers of the semis played Third place game and the winners the Final.


2018 Pan American Men's Handball Championship
The 2018 Pan American Men's Handball Championship was the 18th official competition for senior men's national handball teams of North, Central and South America and the Caribbean. It was held from 16 to 24 June 2018 in Nuuk, Greenland. It also acted as the qualifying competition for the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship in Denmark and Germany, securing three vacancies for the World Championship.


2018 Pan American Men's Handball Championship
Argentina won the tournament for the seventh time after defeating Brazil 29–24 in the final.


2018 Pan American Men's Handball Championship, Draw
The draw was held on 14 April 2018 at Buenos Aires, Argentina.


2018 Pan American Table Tennis Championships
The 2018 Pan American Table Tennis Championships were held in Santiago, Chile from 20 to 25 November 2018.


2018 Pan American Track Cycling Championships
The 2018 Pan American Track Cycling Championships took place at the Aguascalientes Bicentenary Velodrome, in Aguascalientes, Mexico,  from August 29 until September 2, 2018. The event served as a qualifier for the 2019 Pan American Games.


2018 Pan American Weightlifting Championships
The 2018 Pan American Weightlifting Championships was held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic between May 12 and May 19, 2018.


2018 Pan American Weightlifting Championships
A total of 126 weightlifters qualified to compete at the 2019 Pan American Games through scores from both the 2017 and 2018 Pan American Championships combined. A nation may enter a maximum of 12 weightlifters (six per gender). The host nation (Peru) automatically qualified the maximum team size.


2018 Pan American Weightlifting Championships, Medal summary
Results are obtained from the Pan American Weightlifting Federation website.


2018 Pan American Women's Junior Handball Championship
The 2018 Pan American Women's Junior Handball Championship was the 12th edition of the tournament, Took place in the city of Goiânia, Brazil at the Goiânia Arena from 21 to 25 March 2018. It acts as the American qualifying tournament for the 2018 Women's Junior World Handball Championship.


2018 Pan American Women's Youth Handball Championship
The 2018 Pan American Women's Youth Handball Championship was the 12th edition of the tournament, held in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina at the CeNARD from 10 to 14 April 2018. It acts as the American qualifying tournament for the 2018 Women's Youth World Handball Championship.


2018 Pan American Wrestling Championships
The 2018 Pan American Wrestling Championships was held in Lima, Peru, from 3 to 6 May 2018.


2018 Pan American Wrestling Championships
The top three countries in the 18 weight categories scheduled to be held at the 2019 Pan American Games (also in Lima) qualified for the games.


2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier (boys' field hockey)
The 2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier for boys' field hockey, also known as 2018 Youth Pan American Championship, was an international field hockey competition which served as a qualification for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. The event was held from 12 – 17 March 2018 in Guadalajara, Mexico.


2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier (boys' field hockey)
The winner and runner-up of this tournament will qualify for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Argentina and Mexico became the winner and runner-up. However, since Argentina had already qualified at the host nation, the third placed team (Canada) has also qualified.


2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier (boys' field hockey), Participating Nations
Alongside the host nation, 7 teams competed in the tournament.


2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier (boys' field hockey), Results
All times are local (UTC-6). Each game lasts for 20 minutes


2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier (girls' field hockey)
The 2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier for girls' field hockey, also known as 2018 Youth Pan American Championship was the third edition of the Youth Pan American Championship, an international field hockey competition held from 12 – 17 March 2018 in Guadalajara, Mexico.


2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier (girls' field hockey)
The tournament also served as a direct qualifier for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics, with the winner and runner-up qualifying. However, since Argentina has already qualified as the hosts, but also won this competition, the second and third-placed teams (Uruguay and Mexico) qualified for the Summer Youth Olympics.


2018 Pan American Youth Olympic Games Qualifier (girls' field hockey), Format
The six teams will all be competing in one pool. The top four teams advance to the semifinals to determine the winner in a knockout system. The bottom two teams play for the 5th/6th place.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships
The 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, a long course (50 m) event, was held in Tokyo, Japan, from 9 to 14 August 2018.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, Qualifying criteria
Unlike the World Championships and Olympic Games, nations can enter as many people as they like in the preliminaries of each event (in most international meets, only two swimmers from each nation are permitted). However, only two swimmers per nation can qualify for the semi-finals and finals. Prior to FINA's creation of semi-finals in the late 1990s, a total of 3 swimmers per country could qualify for the final and consolation heats of an event, with no more than 2 swimmers per country in a final or consolation.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, Qualifying criteria
For relays, each country may enter up to one team in each relay event to swim in the final heat and count toward the team score. Countries may also enter a “B” relay that will swim in a preceding heat. These “B” relays may not score points and are not eligible for medals. An NOC may enter up to 1 swimmer per sex (2 total), if they have no swimmers meeting any qualifying B standard.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 10 kilometre open water
The men's 10 kilometre open water competition of the 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships was held on 14 August at the Hojyo Beach.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 10 kilometre open water, Results
Unlimited number of swimmers are permitted per country, but only the top two swimmers from each country was classified.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre backstroke
The men's 100 metre backstroke competition at the 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 10 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. The defending champion was Ryosuke Irie of Japan.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre backstroke, Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan Pacific records were as follows:


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre backstroke, Results, Heats
The first round was held on 10 August from 10:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre backstroke, Results, Heats
Only two swimmers from each country may advance to the A or B final. If a country not qualify any swimmer to the A final, that same country may qualify up to three swimmers to the B final.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre backstroke, Results, B Final
The B final was held on 10 August from 18:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre backstroke, Results, A Final
The A final was held on 10 August from 18:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre breaststroke
The men's 100 metre breaststroke competition at the 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 9 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. The defending champion was Yasuhiro Koseki of Japan.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre breaststroke, Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan Pacific records were as follows:


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre breaststroke, Results, Heats
The first round was held on 9 August from 10:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre breaststroke, Results, Heats
Only two swimmers from each country may advance to the A or B final. If a country not qualify any swimmer to the A final, that same country may qualify up to three swimmers to the B final.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre breaststroke, Results, B Final
The B final was held on 9 August from 17:30.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre breaststroke, Results, A Final
The A final was held on 9 August from 17:30.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre butterfly
The men's 100 metre butterfly competition at the 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 11 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. The defending champion was Michael Phelps of the United States.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre butterfly, Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan Pacific records were as follows:


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre butterfly, Results, Heats
The first round was held on 11 August from 10:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre butterfly, Results, Heats
Only two swimmers from each country may advance to the A or B final. If a country not qualify any swimmer to the A final, that same country may qualify up to three swimmers to the B final.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre butterfly, Results, B Final
The B final was held on 11 August from 18:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre butterfly, Results, A Final
The A final was held on 11 August from 18:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre freestyle
The men's 100 metre freestyle competition at the 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 10 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. The defending champion was Cameron McEvoy of Australia.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre freestyle, Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan Pacific records were as follows:


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre freestyle, Results, Heats
The first round was held on 10 August from 10:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre freestyle, Results, Heats
Only two swimmers from each country may advance to the A or B final. If a country does not qualify any swimmer to the A final, that same country may qualify up to three swimmers to the B final.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre freestyle, Results, B Final
The B final was held on 10 August from 18:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre freestyle, Results, A Final
The A final was held on 10 August from 18:00.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 1500 metre freestyle
The men's 1500 metre freestyle competition at the 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 9 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. The defending champion was Connor Jaeger of United States.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 1500 metre freestyle
This event was a timed-final where each swimmer swam just once. Early heat was swum at the end of the preliminary heats on that day from slowest to fastest. The fastest timed final heat was swum with the finals.


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 1500 metre freestyle, Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan Pacific records were as follows:


2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 1500 metre freestyle, Results
The timed final was held on 9 August from 10:00 to the slowest heat and from 17:30 to the fastest heat.