2017 Wyoming Cowboys football team, Statistics, Defense
Key: SOLO: Solo Tackles, AST: Assisted Tackles, TOT: Total Tackles, TFL: Tackles-for-loss, SACK: Quarterback Sacks, INT: Interceptions, BU: Passes Broken Up, QBH: Quarterback Hits, FF: Forced Fumbles, FR: Fumbles Recovered, BLK: Kicks or Punts Blocked, SAF: Safeties


2017 XIXO Ladies Open Hódmezővásárhely
The 2017 XIXO Ladies Open Hódmezővásárhely was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the second edition of the tournament and part of the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $60,000 in prize money. It took place in Hódmezővásárhely, Hungary, from 12–18 June 2017.


2017 XIXO Ladies Open Hódmezővásárhely, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2017 XIXO Ladies Open Hódmezővásárhely, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following player received entry into the singles main draw by a protected ranking:


2017 XIXO Ladies Open Hódmezővásárhely – Doubles
Laura Pigossi and Nadia Podoroska were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.


2017 XIXO Ladies Open Hódmezővásárhely – Doubles
Kotomi Takahata and Prarthana Thombare won the title after Ulrikke Eikeri and Tereza Mrdeža retired in the final at 1–0.


2017 XIXO Ladies Open Hódmezővásárhely – Singles
Tamara Zidanšek was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Alexandra Panova.


2017 XIXO Ladies Open Hódmezővásárhely – Singles
Mihaela Buzărnescu won the title, defeating Danka Kovinić in the final, 6–2, 6–1.


2017 XO2
2017 XO2, also written 2017 XO2, is a sub-kilometer asteroid and near-Earth object of the Apollo group approximately 110 meters (360 feet) in diameter. The asteroid was discovered by Pan-STARRS in December 2017, after it already had approached Earth at 0.051 AU (7,600,000 km) or 20 lunar distances (LD) on 6 November 2017. On 26 April 2057, it will pass Earth at a similar distance of 21 LD again.


2017 XO2, Discovery and observations
2017 XO2 was discovered by Pan-STARRS at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, on 10 December 2017, when the asteroid was about 0.3 AU (45,000,000 km; 28,000,000 mi) from Earth and had a solar elongation of 125°.


2017 XO2, Discovery and observations
On 20 January 2018 with a 40-day observation arc, it reached Torino scale 1 with an estimated 1 in 3000 chance of impacting Earth on 28 April 2057. The nominal JPL Horizons 28 April 2057 Earth distance was estimated at 0.001 AU (100,000 km; 90,000 mi) with a 3-sigma uncertainty of ±52 million km. NEODyS listed the nominal 28 April 2057 Earth distance at 0.03 AU (4,500,000 km; 2,800,000 mi). A Monte Carlo simulation using Solex 12 with 1000 clones of the asteroid generated one impactor.


2017 XO2, Discovery and observations
On 27 January 2018 Pan-STARRS precovery images from November and December 2011 were announced, and 2017 XO2 was removed from the Sentry Risk Table. These precovery images extended the observation arc from 40 days to 6.21 years. It is now known that on 26 April 2057 the asteroid will be just past closest approach roughly 0.056 AU (8,400,000 km; 5,200,000 mi) from Earth with a 3-sigma uncertainty of ±3000 km.


2017 XO2, Discovery and observations
The asteroid was last observed on 20 January 2018 at apparent magnitude 24 by T14 Mauna Kea. As the asteroid is becoming very faint, further observations during this approach are difficult. The next good chance to recover the asteroid will be between March and late April 2022 when the asteroid will pass about 0.0544 AU (8,140,000 km; 5,060,000 mi) from Earth.


2017 XO2, Orbit and classification
2017 XO2 is an Apollo asteroid, the largest group of near-Earth objects and Earth-crossing asteroids with approximately 10 thousand known members. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.72–1.55 AU once every 15 months (440 days; semi-major axis of 1.13 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.36 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid has a notably low minimum orbital intersection distance with Earth of 40,400 km (0.00027 AU), or 0.11 LD.


2017 XO2, Physical characteristics
On the Sentry Risk Table, the object had an estimated mean-diameter of 110 meters (360 feet). Based on a generic magnitude-to-diameter conversion, 2017 XO2 measures between 100 and 200 meters in diameter, for an absolute magnitude of 22.4, and an assumed albedo between 0.05 and 0.20, which represent typical values for carbonaceous and stony asteroids, respectively. As of 2018, no rotational lightcurve of this object has been obtained from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown.


2017 XX61
2017 XX61 is a small near-Earth object, approximately 17 meters (56 feet) in diameter, that transited Earth at 8 lunar distances on 18 December 2017 at 14:54 UTC. The Apollo asteroid on an eccentric orbit was first observed by the Mount Lemmon Survey and was lost on the following night. As of 2020, it has not been recovered.


2017 XX61, Description
2017 XX61 was first observed on 15 December 2017, by astronomers of the Mount Lemmon Survey at Mount Lemmon Observatory near Tucson, Arizona.


2017 XX61, Description
It orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.8–3.3 AU once every 2 years and 11 months (1,062 days; semi-major axis of 2.04 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.61 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic.


2017 XX61, Description
2017 XX61 has an Earth minimum orbital intersection distance of 0.0162 AU (2,420,000 km), which translates into 6.3 lunar distances. The asteroid also approached Mars on 11 May 2018.


2017 XX61, Description
A generic magnitude-to-diameter conversion gives a mean-diameter of 13–27 meters, for an absolute magnitude of 26.6, and an assumed albedo between 0.25 and 0.057, which typically correspond to the composition of a stony and carbonaceous body, respectively.


2017 Xuzhou kindergarten bombing
On 15 June 2017, a bombing at a kindergarten in Feng County, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, east China, killed at least eight people and injured 65 others. The perpetrator, 22-year-old Xu Taoran, died in the blast. Subsequent investigation revealed that Xu was mentally ill and obsessed with death and destruction. The blast occurred at the entrance of the kindergarten, while children were leaving school. Two people died on the spot, and five succumbed to injuries at the hospital. Nine remained in critical condition in the aftermath. Due to the shattering bomb parts, over 60 people were injured and needed medical attention.


2017 Xuzhou kindergarten bombing
The Fengxian county government stated that the casualties did not include any of the kindergarten's children or teachers, as class had not yet been dismissed.


2017 Xuzhou kindergarten bombing, Motives
The suicide bomber responsible was identified as 22-year-old Xu Taoran, who suffered from “vegetative nervous function disturbances,” a disorder that can cause heart and breathing problems. Prior to the attack, he dropped out of school and went to work and lived near the kindergarten. After the attack, investigators found material to make a homemade explosive device and, written on a wall near the school, a "manifesto-style rant." It has been suggested that the attack may have been targeted at mothers. Sociologists say “the attacks on schools and young children are a result of the strains of society undergoing rapid change.”


2017 Xuzhou kindergarten bombing, Victims
After the explosion, about fifty-nine adults and children survived with injuries. However, eight victims, including the bomber, died in the explosion. Authorities did not specify if there were any children included in the fatalities.


2017 Xuzhou kindergarten bombing, Investigation
Chinese investigators used physical evidence and DNA found at the scene to determine the identity of the suspect, which pointed to Xu Taoran, 22, a university dropout who had written violent screeds against parents and children. Taoran had antisocial tendencies and had a debilitating autonomous nervous system disorder that forced him to take a leave of absence from his school, authorities said. Due to China’s gutted mental health care program, those who are poor and can’t afford any care, such as Xu, are left to grapple with frustration. The police discovered the materials used to make the explosives in his apartment, along with words such as "'die,' 'death' and 'destroy'" written on the walls, assumingly pointed towards children and families.


2017 Xuzhou kindergarten bombing, Related events
From 2010 to 2012, China saw at least nine attacks on elementary students, which together killed at least 25 people and wounded more than 100. Many of these attacks seem related to each other regarding how the schools security system were lacking and thorough background checks were not completed on the school personnel. Some of these attacks include:


2017 Xuzhou kindergarten bombing, Related events
The events allowed school boards to make new decisions and new policies to keep children safe in schools to avoid such tragedies.


2017 YE5
2017 YE5 is the provisional designation of a binary pair of asteroids of approximately equal size and mass, each about 0.9 km (0.56 mi) in diameter. Classified as a near-Earth asteroid and potentially hazardous object of the Apollo group, 2017 YE5 was discovered by amateur astronomer Claudine Rinner at the Oukaïmeden Observatory on 21 December 2017. On 21 June 2018, the pair of asteroids passed within 15.5 lunar distances or approximately 6 million km (3.7 million mi) from Earth. During the close encounter, 2017 YE5 was resolved in high detail by concurrent radar observations by the Arecibo and Green Bank observatories, along with individual observations by the Goldstone Solar System Radar. The discovery of 2017 YE5's binary nature was announced in a NASA press release in July 2018.


2017 YE5, Discovery
2017 YE5 was discovered on 21 December 2017, by French amateur astronomer Claudine Rinner at the Oukaïmeden Observatory in Marrakesh, Morocco. The discovery formed part of the Morocco Oukaïmeden Sky Survey (MOSS) directed by Zouhair Benkhaldoun at the Cadi Ayyad University. The MOSS survey was designed for searching and characterizing the orbits of small Solar System bodies such as near-Earth asteroids and comets. As the sixth near-Earth asteroid discovered by the MOSS survey, 2017 YE5 was found in images taken by the Oukaïmeden Observatory's 0.5-meter reflecting telescope, which was remotely operated by Rinner. At the time of discovery, 2017 YE5 was about 1.1 AU (160 million km; 100 million mi) away from Earth, located in the constellation of Gemini at an apparent magnitude of 19.8.


2017 YE5, Discovery
The discovery of 2017 YE5 was subsequently reported to the Minor Planet Center's near-Earth object confirmation page (NEOCP), where a preliminary orbit was calculated from additional observations conducted at multiple observatories. Follow-up observations of 2017 YE5 spanned six days starting from its discovery, and the object was formally announced in a Minor Planet Electronic Circular issued by the Minor Planet Center on 27 December 2017.


2017 YE5, Discovery
Precovery observations of 2017 YE5 were first identified and reported to the Minor Planet Center in February 2018. These observations were from the Mount Lemmon Survey, which had observed 2017 YE5 on 14 December 2017, seven days prior to its discovery by the Oukaïmeden Observatory. Earlier precovery observations by the Pan-STARRS1 survey on 12 December 2017 were later identified in May 2018, and are now known to be the earliest reported observations of 2017 YE5.


2017 YE5, Nomenclature
Upon discovery, the asteroid was given the temporary internal designation tltv005. After follow up observations confirming the object, it was then given the provisional designation 2017 YE5 by the Minor Planet Center on 27 December 2017. The provisional designation signifies the object's discovery date and year, with the second letter and numbers indicating that it is the 130th object discovered during the second half of December 2017.


2017 YE5, Nomenclature
2017 YE5 has not yet been issued a permanent minor planet number by the Minor Planet Center due to its short observation arc of 270 days, which is insufficient for an orbit to be accurately determined. 2017 YE5 is expected to receive a minor planet number once it has been observed for over at least four oppositions, which would take several years. Once it receives a minor planet number, it will be eligible for naming.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification
2017 YE5 orbits the Sun at an average distance of approximately 2.82 astronomical units (0.422×10^9 km; 0.262×10^9 mi), taking 4.73 years to complete one orbit. The orbit of 2017 YE5 is slightly inclined to the ecliptic plane by 6.2 degrees, with its farthest apsis oriented below the ecliptic. 2017 YE5 has a highly elongated orbit with an orbital eccentricity of 0.71. Over the course of its orbit, 2017 YE5 approaches 0.82 AU from the Sun at perihelion and recedes 4.82 AU from the Sun at aphelion, beyond the outer extent of the asteroid belt.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification
At aphelion, 2017 YE5 approaches close to Jupiter's orbit, with a minimum orbital intersection distance (MOID) of 0.42 AU. At such close proximity to Jupiter's orbit, 2017 YE5 has likely been gravitationally perturbed by Jupiter, indicated by its Tisserand parameter of 2.877, which is considered to be characteristic of comets. Because of its comet-like Tisserand parameter and relatively large orbit for a near-Earth object, 2017 YE5 has been suspected to be an extinct Jupiter-family comet.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification
As a near-Earth object, the orbit of 2017 YE5 crosses that of Earth's, which leads to occasional close approaches to the planet. It has a semi-major axis (orbital distance) greater than 1 AU and a perihelion distance within that of Earth's, therefore it is formally classified under the Apollo group of near-Earth asteroids. 2017 YE5's Earth MOID is approximately 0.021 AU (3.1 million km; 2.0 million mi), or about 8 lunar distances. Given a small Earth MOID, 2017 YE5 is considered a potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA) by the Minor Planet Center, under the definition that PHAs have Earth MOIDs less than 0.05 AU and absolute magnitudes brighter than 22.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification
Despite being considered potentially hazardous, there is no risk of impact by 2017 YE5, as it will not make any close Earth encounters within 12 lunar distances or 0.03 AU (4.5 million km; 2.8 million mi) over the next 200 years. 2017 YE5 was removed from the JPL Sentry Risk Table on 6 January 2018, after extensive observations and refinements of its orbit ruled out future possibilities of Earth impacts.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification, 2018 Earth approach
On 21 June 2018 at 20:53 UTC, 2017 YE5 made its closest approach to Earth from a distance of 0.03986 AU (5.96 million km; 3.71 million mi), or 15.52 lunar distances. During the encounter, 2017 YE5 approached Earth at a rate of 15.5 km/s (35,000 mph) and its apparent visual brightness peaked around magnitude 15, too faint to be seen with the naked eye.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification, 2018 Earth approach
At closest approach, 2017 YE5's apparent motion in the sky was 0.51 degrees per hour and was in the constellation of Andromeda, with an apparent magnitude of 16.6 and an angular separation of 66 degrees from the Sun. After the close encounter with Earth, 2017 YE5 continued its approach to aphelion, passing by Mars from a nominal distance of 0.0441 AU (6.6 million km; 4.1 million mi) on 30 June 2018.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification, 2018 Earth approach, Observations
The June 2018 encounter with 2017 YE5 provided an opportunity for radar observatories to study the asteroid's characteristics in detail. On 17 June 2018, the first radar observations of 2017 YE5 were attempted by the monostatic Goldstone Solar System Radar (GSSR) in California, but failed to detect the asteroid due to uncertainties in the radar pointing position. 2017 YE5 was later successfully imaged and observed with the GSSR on 21 June 2018, revealing the asteroid's binary nature. Led by radar astronomer Marina Brozović, GSSR observations of 2017 YE5 spanned four days, lasting until 24 June 2018. During these observations, the GSSR's preliminary findings were alerted to astronomers at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico for further study.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification, 2018 Earth approach, Observations
Arecibo radar observations of 2017 YE5 began on 23 June 2018. The 2017 YE5 binary system was observed using a bistatic radar system where the Arecibo Observatory transmitted a radar signal to the pair of asteroids while the Green Bank Observatory in West Virginia received the signal reflected from the asteroids. Led by Arecibo radar astronomers Anne Virkki, Flaviane Venditti, Sean Marshal, along with Patrick Taylor at the Green Bank Observatory, bistatic radar observations resolved 2017 YE5 at a resolution of 7.5 meters per pixel.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification, 2018 Earth approach, Observations
Radar observations of 2017 YE5 ended on 26 June 2018 after it had moved out of Arecibo's view. Concurrently, optical observations were also carried out by various observatories in order to compile a light curve of the binary system. Optical observations of 2017 YE5 continued after the June 2018 encounter and detected possible mutual events or eclipses occurring between the components of the binary system.


2017 YE5, Orbit and classification, Future approaches
Over the course of its orbit in the next 200 years, 2017 YE5 will continue to pass by Earth, though it will not make any approaches as close as the June 2018 encounter. The next Earth encounter by 2017 YE5 will be on 15 April 2037, when it will pass by Earth from a nominal distance of approximately 0.238 AU (35.6 million km; 22.1 million mi). In the next 100 years, 2017 YE5 will make three Earth encounters within 0.2 AU (approximately 80 lunar distances), which will occur in February 2051, July 2088, and May 2107. The expected nominal approach distances for these dates are 0.123 AU, 0.179 AU, and 0.145 AU, respectively.


2017 YE5, Binary system
The secondary component of 2017 YE5 was discovered in Goldstone radar observations conducted by Marina Brozović on 21 June 2018. From the first Goldstone radar images, the two components appeared to be contact binary lobes as the components were viewed in front of each other. Additional radar observations by the Arecibo and Green Bank observatories resolved the 2017 YE5 system in high resolution, confirming that the two components were indeed separate objects. Under satellite naming conventions by the International Astronomical Union, the satellite would be provisionally designated S/2018 (2017 YE5) 1.


2017 YE5, Binary system, Physical characteristics
2017 YE5 is an equal-mass binary asteroid consisting of two components approximately 0.9 km (0.56 mi) in diameter. Equal-mass binary systems are relatively rare among the population of binary near-Earth asteroids as they constitute less than 1% of radar-observed near-Earth asteroids larger than 200 m (660 ft) in diameter. 2017 YE5 is one of only four systems of that kind known; the other three are 1994 CJ1, 69230 Hermes, and (190166) 2005 UP156.


2017 YE5, Binary system, Physical characteristics
From their mutual orbit and measured diameters, both components are calculated to have low bulk densities less than 1 g/cm3, indicating a significant macroporosity of their internal structures. Given their measured diameters and absolute magnitudes, the optical albedos of their surfaces are calculated to be as dark as charcoal, reflecting less than 3% of incident light. Unlike other binary asteroid systems observed by radar, the components of 2017 YE5 appear to display a distinct difference in their shape, surface brightness and radar reflectivity. These differences imply that the two components may also have different densities, compositions, and surface roughnesses.


2017 YE5, Binary system, Orbit and rotation
The pair of asteroids orbit each other around a common center of mass (barycenter) between them. Their mutual orbital period is 22 hours (0.92 days), with an orbital separation of 1.8 km (1.1 mi) or 4 times the component radii. It is uncertain whether both components rotate synchronously with their mutual orbital period, as there is evidence of non-principal-axis rotation (or rotational precession) and axial misalignment of both components. Light curve measurements of 2017 YE5 taken between June and August 2018 suggest an additional period due to non-principal-axis rotation or precession, while radar images suggest that the obliquities of the components are misaligned by a few degrees.


2017 Yadanarbon FC season, 2017 Players squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2017 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 2017 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 2017 NCAA Division I FCS football season, winning the Ivy League title. The season marked the Bulldogs' 145th overall season. The team played its home games at Yale Bowl in New Haven, Connecticut and were led by sixth-year head coach Tony Reno. They finished the season 9–1 overall and 6–1 in Ivy League play to become Ivy League champions for the first time since 2006 (when they shared the title) and to earn their first sole league title since 1980.


2017 Yale Bulldogs football team, Schedule
The 2017 season consisted of five home games and five away games. The Bulldogs hosted Ivy League foes Cornell, Columbia, Brown, and Harvard for the 134th edition of The Game, and traveled to Dartmouth, Penn, and Princeton.


2017 Yale Bulldogs football team, Schedule
Yale's non-conference opponents were Lehigh, Fordham, and Holy Cross, all of the Patriot League.


2017 Yamagata gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was called in Yamagata Prefecture for 22 January 2017. Mieko Yoshimura, governor since 2009, ran for a third term. Her Prefectural Citizen's Party alliance was supported by the Democratic Party, the Social Democratic Party, and the Communist Party. Because no other candidates entered the race, Yoshimura was declared the winner without a vote. Having similarly been declared winner by acclamation in 2013, this became only the third time in Japanese history that a governor was elected twice without holding a vote.


2017 Yangon United F.C. season
In the 2017 season, the Burmese football club Yangon United F.C. finished in second position in the Myanmar National League.


2017 Yangon United F.C. season, 2017 squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2017 Yaroslavl Oblast gubernatorial election
The 2017 Gubernatorial Election in Yaroslavl Oblast was held on 10 September 2017.


2017 Yaroslavl Oblast gubernatorial election, Background
28 July 2016, the Governor Sergey Yastrebov, went into early retirement. The acting Governor was appointed Dmitry Mironov.


2017 Yas Island Formula 2 round
The 2017 Yas Marina FIA Formula 2 round was a pair of motor races held on 25 and 26 November 2017 at the Yas Marina Circuit in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates as part of the FIA Formula 2 Championship. It was the eleventh and final round of the 2017 FIA Formula 2 Championship and was run in support of the 2017 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix.


2017 Yas Island Formula 2 round
This was the final race for the Dallara GP2/11 chassis that was introduced at the 2011 Yas Marina Circuit GP2 Asia Series round and also the final race for the Mecachrome V8 engine package that had been part of the GP2 Series and FIA Formula 2 since its formation in 2005. The Dallara F2 2018 chassis with a Mecachrome V6 turbocharged engine was introduced for the 2018 FIA Formula 2 Championship onwards.


2017 Yasar Dogu Tournament
The 45th Yasar Dogu Tournament 2017, was a wrestling event held in Istanbul, Turkey between 10 and 12 July 2017.


2017 Yasar Dogu Tournament
This international tournament includes competition in both men's and women's freestyle wrestling. This ranking tourment was held in honor of the two time Olympic Champion, Yaşar Doğu.


2017 Yavne attack
On 2 August 2017, a 19-year old Palestinian teen critically injured an Israeli civilian with a knife at a local supermarket in the city of Yavne, located in the Central District of Israel. The attacker was subsequently arrested after being captured by civilians who were at the spot. Police confirmed the attack was an act of terrorism.


2017 Yavne attack
The perpetrator was later identified as Ismail Abu Aram, resident of Yatta, Hebron, located in the West Bank.


2017 Yavne attack, Attack
Shortly before noon, a knife-wielding man entered a Shufersal supermarket in Yavneh, Israel. Then, he approached an employee at the market, Niv Nehemiah, waiting for him to turn around, and then stabbed him fifteen times in his head and the neck as Nehemiah fought off the attacker; the incident was captured on the store's security cameras. Despite being gravely injured, Nehemiah fought off the assailant, tried to run away, and then blocked the assailant with a shopping cart, events shown on security camera footage released by authorities later.


2017 Yavne attack, Attack
The assailant then fled the supermarket and was captured outside by civilians who held hum subdued to the ground, one of the civilians pulled out a gun however he was told by other civilians "Don't go overboard". The capture of the assailant outside of the supermarket was also captured on cellphone video.


2017 Yavne attack, Attack
Prior to attacking the employee, the assailant reportedly asked a shopper if he worked at the supermarket; however he didn't attack. Some 15 minutes before the attack, the assailant asked the victim on the whereabouts of the bathroom in the compound. The original target was the attacker's former employer, using a knife he would steal and a can of pepper spray he brought with him, however due to availability he decided to kill a different Israeli.


2017 Yavne attack, Victim
Nehemiah (42), the deputy manager at the supermarket, where the attack occurred, was severely wounded and taken to Kaplan Medical Center in Rehovot. He was unconscious and in critical condition for 4 days, and underwent a series of surgical operations, In addition he was hooked up to a respirator while being held in the intensive care unit. On 12 August, Nehemiah was visited by Benjamin Netanyahu On 21 August Nehemiah, unable to speak due to damage to his vocal cords, gave a written statement to the media stating that he remembers the entire attack. On 27 August he was released from the hospital.


2017 Yavne attack, Victim
President Reuven Rivlin phoned the victim's wife, hailing the victim as a hero and assuring her that the entire country is praying for her husband. Prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu praised the victim for fighting valiantly against the assailant, and subsequently visited the stabbing victim, who was critically injured from stabs to the neck and torso and was unconsciousness for a few days, on 8 August 2017, six days after the attack.


2017 Yavne attack, Perpetrator
The assailant, Ismail Abu Aram, 19-years old Palestinian teen from Yatta, Hebron, without a prior security offence background. According to the Shin Bet, Aby Aram did not have a permit to enter Israel, and Netanyahu later visited the spot where he crossed the Green Line. Following the attack Abu Aram attempted to flee the scene, but ultimately was detained by Israeli authorities.


2017 Yavne attack, Perpetrator
He was indicted on 28 August 2017, the indictment stated that the assailant traveled to Saudi Arabia in order perform an Umrah, as part of a strengthening of his Islamic belief, and that he set out to attack a Jew in order to fulfill the Islamic commandment of Jihad. During his 12-day visit for Ramadan to Mecca he decided to "fulfill his duty to jihad", to "kill a Jew" and to carry out "the commandment of jihad against the Jewish Israeli occupation."


2017 Yavne attack, Perpetrator
Under Israeli criminal law, attempted murder can be charged as murder, which the victims family has requested.


2017 Yavne attack, Aftermath
Israel Defense Forces (IDF) forces raided the home of the assailant in the city of Yatta, and arrested his father. Clashes developed between IDF forces and the residents of the city during the raid. Yatta is known as the hometown of many assailants, including the perpetrators of the June 2016 Tel Aviv shooting. The city of Yatta was then cordoned off by the IDF, blocking all entrances and exits to the city.


2017 Yellow Cup
The 2017 Yellow Cup was the 45th edition of the Yellow Cup, held in Winterthur, Switzerland between 06–8 January at the Eulachhalle as a friendly handball tournament organised by the Yellow Winterthur handball club.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season
The 2017 season was Yeovil Town Ladies Football Club's 27th season of competitive football and its first season in the FA WSL 1, at the top level of English women's football, after promotion from the FA WSL 2.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season
Following a reorganisation of top-level women's football in England, the 2017 season covered only half of a traditional season's length, while the FA WSL shifted its calendar to match the traditional autumn-to-spring axis of football in Europe. For the same reason, there was no Champions League qualification nor relegation to be competed for.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season
Yeovil struggled in their first season in the top flight of English football losing seven of their eight league matches, only avoiding defeat in their final match of the season as the club finished bottom of the FA WSL 1 table. The club were knocked out in the fifth round of the FA Women's Cup by Notts County. Forward Lucy Quinn finished as the club's top goalscorer with three goals in all competitions, while Quinn and returning striker Sarah Wiltshire were joint top goalscorers in the league with two goals each.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Background
The 2016 season saw Yeovil compete in the second tier of English football. It was manager Jamie Sherwood's second full season in charge of the Glovers as the club won promotion from the FA WSL 2 as champions.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Background
Ahead of their first season in the top flight of English women's football, the club released a number of players including Samantha Quayle who joined Portsmouth, young players Emily Donovan and Ellis Hillman, while Welsh international Kayleigh Green moved to Italy to join Serie A club Chieti Calcio Femminile. Finally, in February the club announced that defender Lauren Townsend and midfielder Danielle Carlton would both not be returning for the Spring Series. The club also announced that due to pitch renovation works at Huish Park, Yeovil would only play the first of their Spring Series matches at Huish Park, with the rest of their matches taking place at the home grounds of Taunton Town and Bridgwater Town.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Review, Pre-season
On 8 February, Yeovil announced their first signing of the season with Welsh international record goalscorer Helen Ward joining from Reading, the club also announced the return of former captain Natalie Haigh for the Spring Series, after a year out of football due work and studying commitments. At the start of March, Yeovil Ladies announced a series of new contracts including club captain Ellie Curson, Welsh internationals Nicola Cousins, and midfielder Helen Bleazard, as well as experienced striker Ann-Marie Heatherson had all signed new deals for the Spring Series.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Review, Pre-season
On 16 March, the club also confirmed that a further five players had signed new contracts for the Spring Series, including Welsh international forward Nadia Lawrence, England under-19 goalkeeper Charlotte Haynes, as well as young trio Jessie Jones, Kelly Snook and Leah Burridge. On 17 March, Yeovil announced a further three contract renewals with midfielder Stephanie Williams, forward Lucy Quinn and defender Hannah Short for the upcoming season. The club also confirmed that former Reading player and Welsh dual-sport international Nia Jones had signed for the Spring Series.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Review, Pre-season
On 19 March, Yeovil traveled to Notts County in the fifth round of the FA Women's Cup but were knocked out 3–2 despite goals from Lucy Quinn and Kelly Snook. After losing in the FA Cup, goalkeeper Charlotte Johnson left the club ahead of moving to study at the University of North Alabama. On 24 March, Helen Ward announced that she was pregnant and expecting her second child and therefore would have to withdraw from her Yeovil contract. The end of March, saw the club announce their fourth signing ahead of the Spring Series with England Beach Soccer player Molly Clark signing from Chichester City.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Review, April
Ahead of the start of the Spring Series, Yeovil confirmed the return of striker Sarah Wiltshire having giving birth to her first child in February, after a loan spell proving her fitness scoring six times in seven appearances for Cambridge United. Yeovil's first match of the season saw them host Liverpool at Huish Park, in front of a record crowd of 1,897 the Glovers lost 4–1 with Wiltshire grabbing a consolation goal from the penalty spot. On 30 April, Yeovil traveled to Chelsea for their second WSL 1 fixture, despite holding on for 45 minutes without conceding the Glovers conceded twice in first half injury time and eventually fell to a 6–0 defeat.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Review, May
During the Chelsea defeat, Yeovil goalkeeper Charlotte Haynes suffered a broken hand which ruled her out for up to eight weeks. Following the confirmation of Haynes' injury, Yeovil moved quickly to sign former Notts County goalkeeper Megan Walsh for the remainder of the Spring Series. On 3 May, Yeovil faced Bristol City at the home of Taunton Town but fell to a third successive WSL defeat after a late Nicola Cousins own goal, despite goals from Ann-Marie Heatherson and Sarah Wiltshire.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Review, May
Yeovil then hosted Arsenal at Taunton Town, on 7 May, and conceded four goals in just over half an hour despite the Glovers replying with a consolation goal from Lucy Quinn, Yeovil lost their fourth match of the Spring Series 5–1. On 16 May, Yeovil completed the signing of Welsh international former Notts County midfielder Angharad James for the remainder of the Spring Series. James made her debut for Yeovil the following day against Reading as the Glovers suffered a narrow 1–0 defeat.


2017 Yeovil Town L.F.C. season, Review, May
Yeovil then traveled to defending WSL 1 champions Manchester City, and suffered another heavy defeat losing 5–1 with Quinn scoring her third goal of the season. Before Yeovil's penultimate game of the Spring Series, the club confirmed that goalkeeper Bethany-May Howard had returned to the club after graduating from Rider University in the United States. On 28 May, Yeovil's final home game of the Spring Series saw them fall to a narrow 2–1 defeat against Sunderland with Angharad James scoring the Glovers goal. Yeovil's final Spring Series match saw them travel to Birmingham City as the Glovers ended the season with a goalless draw to gain the club's first FA WSL 1 point.


2017 Yerevan City Council election
Yerevan City Council elections were held on 14 May 2017. The Republican Party of Armenia won 71.25% of the total vote, the Way Out Alliance won 21%, while Yerkir Tsirani won 7.75%. Following the elections, Yerevan City Council elected Taron Margaryan as Mayor of Yerevan.


2017 Yerevan City Council election, Parties
Three parties were registered to participate, each with its candidate for Mayor:


2017 Ykkönen
The 2017 Ykkönen was the 46th season of Ykkönen, the second highest football league in Finland. The season started on 29 April 2016 and ended on 21 October 2016. The winning team qualified directly for promotion to the 2018 Veikkausliiga, while the second had to play a play-off against the eleventh-placed team from Veikkausliiga to decide who would play in that division. The bottom two teams were relegated to Kakkonen.


2017 Ykkönen, Overview
A total of ten teams contested in the league, including seven sides from the 2016 season, and FC Honka and Gnistan who were promoted from Kakkonen after winning the promotion play-offs.


2017 Ykkönen, Overview
PK-35 Vantaa, who were relegated from Veikkausliiga, declared bankruptcy and withdrew their spot from the league. OPS took their spot in the league.


2017 Ykkönen, Overview
JJK, the champion of 2016 Ykkönen, was promoted to the 2017 Veikkausliiga.


2017 Yokohama FC season, Squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2017 Yongchuan International Tournament
The Marvel Track Cup 2017 Yongchuan International Tournament (Chinese: 2017年元臻杯永川国际女子足球邀请赛) was the third edition of the Yongchuan International Tournament, an invitational women's football tournament held in Yongchuan District, Chongqing, China.


2017 York Region Shooters season
The 2017 York Region Shooters season was the twentieth season in the club's participation in the Canadian Soccer League. Their season commenced on May 27, 2017 in an away match against Scarborough SC. The season concluded with York Region winning their third CSL Championship, after defeating Scarborough in a penalty shootout.


2017 York Region Shooters season, Summary
York Region entered the 2017 season as the defending regular season champions with Tony De Thomasis continuing his role as head coach. Though their reserve team were the 2016 Second Division champions it was disbanded for the 2017 season. Their season started brightly with the Shooters achieving points in their first four matches, until conceiving their first defeat in the fifth week. The remainder of the season saw York Region clinch a postseason berth by finishing third in the standings with the best defensive record in the division. Their playoff journey began with a victory after Milton SC  forfeited their match. In the second round of the postseason they defeated the Serbian White Eagles FC, and ultimately claimed their third CSL Championship by defeating Scarborough SC in the finals.


2017 Yorkshire Diamonds season
The 2017 season was Yorkshire Diamonds' second season, in which they competed in the Women's Cricket Super League, a Twenty20 competition. The side finished fifth in the group stage, winning two of their five matches.


2017 Yorkshire Diamonds season
The side was captained by Lauren Winfield and coached by the newly appointed Paul Grayson. They played one home match at Headingley Cricket Ground, and one at Clifton Park, York.


2017 Yorkshire Diamonds season, Squad
Yorkshire Diamonds announced their 15-player squad on 26 July 2017. Age given is at the start of Yorkshire Diamonds' first match of the season (11 August 2017).


2017 Youngstown State Penguins football team
The 2017 Youngstown State Penguins football team represented Youngstown State University in the 2017 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by third-year head coach Bo Pelini and played their home games at Stambaugh Stadium. They were a member of the Missouri Valley Football Conference. They finished the season 6–5, 4–4 in MVFC play to finish in a three-way tie for fifth place.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship
The 2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship was the first edition of IHF Youth Beach Handball World Championship organised by the Mauritius Handball Association under the auspices of the International Handball Federation. The event was held in Flic-en-Flac, Mauritius from 11 to 16 July 2017. It was played in under-17 years category. It also acted as a qualification tournament for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics which was held in Buenos Aires (Argentina).


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Bidding process
The International Handball Federation received three bids from Croatia, Hong Kong China and Mauritius for the hosting of 1st IHF Youth (U-17) Beach Handball World Championship. The bids were analyzed by the IHF Beach Handball Working Group. According to the recommendations of the IHF Beach Handball Working Group, the U17 Beach Handball World Championships 2017 should be organized in a country outside Europe to widen the geographical borders of handball. Mauritius offers natural beaches and good climate conditions as well as hotels in walking distance to the venue. The IHF Beach Handball Working Group graded the bidders according to their bidding concept and participation fee per person/per day follows: Croatia 90%, Hong Kong 90% and Mauritius 95%.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Bidding process
The IHF Council unanimously awarded the 1st IHF Youth (U-17) Beach Handball World Championships to the Mauritius on 23 July 2016 in a meeting held in Bratislava (Slovakia) on the recommendation of the IHF Beach Handball Working Group.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format
The sixteen teams were split into four groups of four teams. After playing a round-robin, the three top ranked team advanced to the main round. Every team kept the points from preliminary round matches against teams who also advance. In the main round every team had three games against the opponents they did not face in the preliminary round. The top four teams of main round will advanced to the quarterfinals.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format
All matches shall be played in 2 X 10 minutes with a half – time of 5 minutes. The team that wins two sets is the winner of a match, according to the official IHF Rules for Beach Handball. Points are awarded as follows:


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Tie-breaking criterion
If two or more teams have gained the same number of points, after the group matches have been completed, classification is decided as follows:


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Tie-breaking criterion
(ii) Periods difference in the matches between the teams concerned


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Tie-breaking criterion
(iii) Goal points difference in the matches between the teams concerned


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Tie-breaking criterion
(iv) Greater number of plus goal points in the matches between the teams concerned


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Tie-breaking criterion
(v) If the teams are still equal, a decision is made between those teams with equal number of points, as long as the contested place is not the last place within the group, as follows


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Tie-breaking criterion
(ix) Greater number of plus goal points in all matches


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Tie-breaking criterion
(x) If classification still is not possible, a draw shall decide. The IHF representative on site shall execute the draw, if possible in the presence of the “responsible team official”. If the “responsible team official” cannot be present, other co-workers selected by IHF shall take part in draw.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Qualification criterion for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
To be eligible to participate in the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics, athletes must have been born between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2002. Nine (9) quota places will be allocated at the 2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship to the top ranked teams of the respective continents according to the distribution below:


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Qualification criterion for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
The host country of the YOG 2018, Argentina should decide which gender they are going to participate in YOG 2018. For any unused host country places reallocation of unused quota places is valid. According to the Buenos Aires 2018 Qualification Systems Principles, participation in team sports shall be limited to one women’s and one men’s team per NOC across team sports (Football, Handball, Hockey, and Rugby) with the exception of the Host Country who can enter one team per sport.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Qualification criterion for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
If a quota place allocated is not confirmed by the NOC by the confirmation of quota place deadline or is declined by the NOC, the quota place will be reallocated to the next best-ranked NOC from the respective continent not yet qualified from the Youth Beach Handball World Championship. If the quota place is still available, it will be reallocated to the best-ranked NOC from the respective continent not yet qualified in the IHF Beach Handball Senior Ranking, of 20 July 2017. If the quota place is still available, it will be reallocated to the best-ranked NOC not yet qualified in the IHF Beach Handball Senior Ranking, of 20 July 2017.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Format, Qualification criterion for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
Any unused host country place (returned or achieved through the 2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship) will be reallocated to the next best-ranked NOC not yet qualified from the Pan-American continent at the 2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship. If the quota place is still available, it will be reallocated to the best-ranked NOC from Pan-America not yet qualified in the IHF Beach Handball Senior Ranking, of 20 July 2017. If the quota place is still available, it will be reallocated to the best-ranked NOC not yet qualified in the IHF Beach Handball Senior Ranking, of 20 July 2017.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Draw
The draw was held on 17 May 2017. Draw was conducted by Mr. Giampiero Masi (Italy), Chairman of the IHF Beach Handball Working Group.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Controversies
Two days before the departure of the IHF nominees to Mauritius, the International Handball Federation received a letter from the President of Mauritius Handball Federation (MHF) asking for a support of CHF 300,000, in addition to the participation fees, to meet the expenses of the organisation of the Championship. The request was declined by the IHF, asking the President of Mauritius Handball Federation to fulfil the provisions of the signed championship contract.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Controversies
Accommodation for both the teams and IHF nominees was below IHF standards, and that the MHF failed to pay off the company that provided services of accommodation, catering and flight booking. Eventually, the IHF paid for the entire accommodation of the teams as well as the nominees after price negotiations made by the Managing Director.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Controversies
In the terms of transportation, the organiser did not fulfil the agreed concept of transportation for the teams, but following an intervention of the Minister of Sports Mr. Stephan Toussaint more vehicles were made available. In addition, the three venues were not constructed while the main venue was not completely done. The Chairman of the IHF Beach Handball Working Group was authorised by President Moustafa to negotiate the price of the venue construction; and eventually four venues were reduced to three and the IHF nominees were cleaning and setting up the two venues to reduce the cost. Due to the absence of the Local Organising Committee, including the President and remaining representatives of Mauritius Handball Federation, at the event, the full organisation was taken over by the IHF.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Controversies
As for the competition, both Brazilian teams and the Togolese women’s team withdrew their participation shortly before the event.


2017 Youth Beach Handball World Championship, Controversies
Due to the payments made by the IHF an amount of CHF 173,619.27 needs to be reimbursed to the IHF by Mauritius Handball Federation. The IHF Executive Committee proposed in its meeting in Tbilisi on 17 August 2017 to wait for an official communication from Mauritius Handball Federation to explain the situation occurred before submitting the issue to the IHF legal bodies for further decisions.


2017 Youth Parapan American Games
The 2017 Youth Parapan American Games were a multi-sport event held from March 20 March 25, 2017 in São Paulo, Brazil. They were the fourth edition of the Youth Parapan American Games and they were organized by the Brazilian Paralympic Committee (CPB) and the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).


2017 Youth Parapan American Games, Organization, Venues
All competitive events were held at the Paralympic Training Centre. The opening and closing ceremonies took place in the Exhibition Pavilion of the Anhembi Convention Center.


2017 Youth Parapan American Games, Organization, Mascot
The mascot of the São Paulo 2017 Youth Parapan American Games was a Mona ("monkey" in Spanish), a female howler monkey, a species native to the São Paulo Atlantic Forest. The name chosen by popular vote, held on the Brazilian Paralympic Committee's Facebook page.


2017 Youth World Weightlifting Championships
The 2017 Youth World Weightlifting Championships was held in Bangkok, Thailand from 1 April to 11 April, 2017.


2017 Youth World Weightlifting Championships, Medal table
Ranking by all medals: Big (Total result) and Small (Snatch and Clean & Jerk)


2017 Yukon Men's Curling Championship
The 2017 Yukon Men's Curling Championship was held January 12 to 15 at the Whitehorse Curling Club in Whitehorse, Yukon. The winning Jon Solberg team represented the Yukon at the 2017 Tim Hortons Brier, Canada's national men's curling championship.


2017 Yukon Men's Curling Championship, Draw
Following new rules set out by the Yukon Curling Association, championships with 6-7 teams are to have a modified triple knock out format.


2017 ZS-Sports China International Challenger
The 2017 ZS-Sports China International Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 2nd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Qingdao, China between 17 and 23 April 2017.


2017 ZS-Sports China International Challenger, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2017 ZS-Sports China International Challenger, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following player received entry into the singles main draw using a protected ranking:


2017 ZS-Sports China International Challenger – Doubles
Danilo Petrović and Tak Khunn Wang were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.


2017 ZS-Sports China International Challenger – Doubles
Gero Kretschmer and Alexander Satschko won the title after defeating Andreas Mies and Oscar Otte 2–6, 7–6(8–6), [10–3] in the final.


2017 ZS-Sports China International Challenger – Singles
Janko Tipsarević was the defending champion and successfully defended his title, defeating Oscar Otte 6–3, 7–6(11–9) in the final.


2017 Zagreb local elections
The 2017 Zagreb local elections were held on 21 May and 4 June 2017 for the Mayor of Zagreb and members of the Zagreb Assembly. Milan Bandić, the 52nd and incumbent mayor since 2005 (previously also the 50th mayor from 2000 to 2002), ran for a sixth 4-year term.


2017 Zagreb local elections
As no candidate won an absolute majority of the vote in the first round, a second round of elections took place on 4 June 2017 between the two highest-placed candidates in terms of popular vote: incumbent mayor Milan Bandić of the Bandić Milan 365 - Labour and Solidarity Party and former Minister of Construction Anka Mrak Taritaš of the Croatian People's Party - Liberal Democrats. In the run-off Bandić won re-election as mayor, taking 51.8% of the votes against 46% for Mrak Taritaš (with 2.1% of the votes being blank or invalid). Turnout for the election was 47.7% in the first round and 41.2% in the second round.


2017 Zagreb local elections
As Zagreb, being the national capital, is the only Croatian city to enjoy a special status within Croatia's regional administrative framework (being both a city and a county), the mayor of Zagreb likewise also enjoys a status equal to that of a county prefect (Croatian: župan) of one of Croatia's other 20 counties (Croatian: županija).


2017 Zagreb local elections
This was the third direct election for the mayor of Zagreb (simultaneously held with elections for all other county prefects and mayors in Croatia) since the popular vote method was introduced in 2009, as previously those officials had been elected by their county or city assemblies and councils.


2017 Zagreb local elections, Results, Assembly election
The percentages of votes from each list are calculated from number of valid votersThe percentages of valid and invalid votes are calculated from the turnout numberThe turnout percentage is calculated from the number of expected voters


2017 Zagreb local elections, Opinion polls
Poll results are listed in the tables below in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first, and using the date the survey's fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. If such date is unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed in bold, and the background shaded in the leading party's color. In the instance that there is a tie, then no figure is shaded. The lead column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the two parties with the highest figures. When a specific poll does not show a data figure for a party, the party's cell corresponding to that poll is shown as not announced (N/A).


2017 Zambian Super League
The 2017 Zambia Super League was the 56th season of the Zambian top-tier football league. The season began on 8 April 2017.


2017 Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open
The 2017 Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and part of the 2017 WTA 125K series, offering a total of $125,000 in prize money. It took place in Zhengzhou, China, on 17–23 April 2017.


2017 Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2017 Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open – Doubles
Xun Fangying and You Xiaodi were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.


2017 Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open – Doubles
Han Xinyun and Zhu Lin won the title after defeating Jacqueline Cako and Julia Glushko 7–5, 6–1 in the final.


2017 Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open – Singles
Anastasia Pivovarova was the defending champion, but chose not to participate.


2017 Zhengzhou Women's Tennis Open – Singles
Wang Qiang won the title after her opponent Peng Shuai retired in the final, with the score at 3–6, 7–6(7–3), 1–1.


2017 Zhuhai Open
The 2017 Zhuhai Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the second (ATP) and third (ITF) editions of the tournament and was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit, offering $50,000+H (ATP) and $60,000 (ITF) in prize money. It took place at the Hengqin International Tennis Center in Zhuhai, China, from 6–12 March 2017.


2017 Zhuhai Open, Men's singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2017 Zhuhai Open, Men's singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following player received entry into the singles main draw with a protected ranking:


2017 Zhuhai Open, Men's singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following player received entry into the singles main draw with a special exempt:


2017 Zhuhai Open, Women's singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2017 Zhuhai Open – Men's Doubles
Gong Maoxin and Yi Chu-huan were the defending champions but chose to participate with different partners. Gong partnered Zhang Ze and successfully defended his title. Yi partnered Ruan Roelofse but lost in the final to Gong and Zhang.


2017 Zhuhai Open – Men's Doubles
Gong and Zhang won the title after defeating Roelofse and Yi 6–3, 7–6(7–4) in the final.


2017 Zhuhai Open – Men's Singles
Thomas Fabbiano was the defending champion but lost to Evgeny Donskoy 6–3, 6–4 in the final.


2017 Zhuhai Open – Women's Doubles
Ankita Raina and Emily Webley-Smith were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.


2017 Zhuhai Open – Women's Doubles
Lesley Kerkhove and Lidziya Marozava won the title, defeating Lyudmyla and Nadiia Kichenok 6–4, 6–2 in the final.


2017 Zhuhai Open – Women's Singles
Olga Govortsova was the defending champion, but chose not to participate.


2017 Zhuhai Open – Women's Singles
Denisa Allertová won the title, defeating Zheng Saisai 6–3, 2–6, 6–4 in the final.


2017 Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League
The 2017 Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League is the 38th season of top-tier football in Zimbabwe. The season begins on 1 April 2017. CAPS United are the defending champions, coming off their fifth league title (including one in the Rhodesia National Football League).


2017 Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League, Teams
The league expanded to 18 for the 2017 season, with 14 sides returning from the 2016 season and four promoted from the 2016 Zimbabwe Division 1, Bantu Rovers, Black Rhinos, Shabanie Mine and Yadah. On the other hand, Mutare City and Border Strikers finished as the bottom two teams of the 2016 season and will play in the Zimbabwe Division 1 for the 2017 season. CAPS United are the defending champions from the 2016 season.


2017 Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League, Results, Result table
All teams play in a double round robin system (home and away).


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état
In November 2017, Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe was removed as president and party leader of ZANU-PF, and replaced by Emmerson Mnangagwa.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état
On the evening of 14 November 2017, elements of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces (ZDF) gathered around Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe, and seized control of the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation and key areas of the city. The next day, the ZDF issued a statement saying that it was not a coup d'état and that President Mugabe was safe, although the situation would return to normal only after the ZDF had dealt with the "criminals" around Mugabe responsible for the socio-economic problems of Zimbabwe. Jacob Zuma, then-President of South Africa, phoned Mugabe and was told that Mugabe was under house arrest but otherwise "fine".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état
The uprising took place amid tensions in the ruling ZANU–PF party between former First Vice-President Emmerson Mnangagwa (who was backed by the ZDF) and First Lady Grace Mugabe (who was backed by the younger G40 faction) over who would succeed the 93-year-old President Mugabe. A week after Mnangagwa was fired and forced to flee the country, and a day before troops moved into Harare, Zimbabwe Defence Forces chief Constantino Chiwenga issued a statement that purges of senior ZANU–PF officials like Mnangagwa had to stop.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état
On 19 November, ZANU-PF removed Mugabe as party leader, replacing him with Mnangagwa, and issued a deadline of 20 November for Mugabe to resign the presidency or face impeachment. Mugabe did not resign, so on 21 November a joint session of Parliament met for his impeachment. After the session convened, Mugabe sent a letter to Zimbabwe's Parliament resigning the presidency. Second Vice-President Phelekezela Mphoko became the Acting President. Mnangagwa was sworn in as president on 24 November 2017.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, Early October
In the first week of October 2017, tensions between Vice-President Emmerson Mnangagwa and Grace Mugabe, two leading figures to replace the 93-year-old Robert Mugabe as President of Zimbabwe, were prominently displayed in the public sphere. Mnangagwa, a protege of Mugabe's who had been his ally since the Zimbabwe War of Independence in the 1960s, said that doctors had confirmed that he had been poisoned during an August 2017 political rally led by the president and had to be airlifted to a hospital in South Africa for treatment. He also pledged his loyalty to the ZANU–PF party and President Mugabe and said that the story spread by his supporters that Grace Mugabe had ordered the poisoning via a dairy farm she controlled was untrue.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, Early October
Grace Mugabe denied the poisoning claims as ridiculous and rhetorically asked: "Who is Mnangagwa, who is he?" Phelekezela Mphoko, Zimbabwe's other Vice-President, publicly criticised Mnangagwa, saying that his comments about the August incident were part of an attempt to destabilise the country and undermine the authority of the president, since doctors had actually concluded that stale food was to blame.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, 4 October
During a planned speech in Harare, Grace Mugabe went off-script to attack Mnangagwa, saying that her supporters were constantly receiving threats that if Mnangagwa did not succeed Mugabe, they would be killed and that the faction backing Mnangagwa was plotting a coup d'état.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, 4 October
At a rally, President Mugabe publicly rebuked Mnangagwa for the first time. At the same rally, Grace Mugabe called him a "coup plotter" and a "coward". The president fired Mnangagwa on 6 November. A statement from Information Minister Simon Khaya-Moyo said that Mnangagwa had "consistently and persistently exhibited traits of disloyalty, disrespect, deceitfulness and unreliability".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, 4 October
Mnangagwa's dismissal essentially left Grace Mugabe, supported by her Generation 40 (G40) faction of younger ZANU–PF officials, as the only major contender to succeed Robert Mugabe. Mnangagwa, one of Mugabe's last political allies who had stayed with him since independence in 1980, had the support of several generals in the Zimbabwean army, who had publicly stated that only a veteran of the war for independence – which would rule out Grace Mugabe – should rule the country.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, 4 October
Although Mugabe had depended on support from the military to maintain his rule, in the last few years he had undertaken a systematic replacement of old veterans from the war of independence in important ZANU–PF party positions with younger officials who did not fight in the war. This move was seen as risky because Grace Mugabe was a divisive figure in Zimbabwe and did not have much support from important ZANU–PF officials from the liberation war era or in the South African region.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, 8–12 November
On 8 November 2017, Mnangagwa fled to Mozambique and then South Africa to escape "incessant threats" against his family. Mnangagwa issued a statement saying that he did not plan to harm Mugabe. He told Mugabe, "You and your cohorts will instead leave ZANU–PF by the will of the people and this we will do in the coming few weeks." Mnangagwa vowed to return and called for members of ZANU–PF to abandon the president. After his exile, more than a hundred of Mnangagwa's alleged senior supporters were targeted for disciplinary sanctions by backers of Grace Mugabe.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, 8–12 November
That same day, Christopher Mutsvangwa also left for South Africa, where he warned South African intelligence that a military intervention was about to take place in Zimbabwe. Meanwhile, Zimbabwean army chief General Constantino Chiwenga was on an official visit to China, where he met generals Chang Wanquan and Li Zuocheng. While in China, General Chiwenga was advised by the military intelligence wing that Mugabe had ordered his arrest upon his return to Zimbabwe on 12 November 2017. Plans had already been put in place through the ZRP Support Unit (A paramilitary wing of the police). Soldiers loyal to Chiwenga, disguised as baggage handlers, overpowered the police at the airport and cleared the way for his arrival.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, 13 November
Chiwenga called a press conference at the military headquarters where he read a statement saying that the military would intervene if their historical political allies continued to be targeted. He called recent events "treacherous shenanigans" and said that the military "will not hesitate to step in" if that was necessary to protect the Zimbabwean revolution. Chiwenga urged people to attend the December 2017 ZANU–PF party congress to exercise their democratic rights and that the party had been infiltrated by counter-revolutionaries.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Background, 13 November
He also said that the infighting and purges in ZANU–PF had led to chaos and "no meaningful development in the country for the past five years". The statement was made with ninety high-ranking officers from important units of the Zimbabwe National Army present to create an image of army unity. The statement was originally broadcast on Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation, the state broadcaster, but pulled off the air, though there was no initial official government response.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Tuesday, 14 November
Military armoured vehicles were spotted on roadways around Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe, and drove in convoys through the city. The same day, Kudzanayi Chipanga, the leader of the ruling ZANU–PF party's youth league, which is aligned with Grace Mugabe, said that the Youth League was "ready to die" to try and prevent the army from deposing Mugabe and choosing a new leader, and that the generals should retire if they were unsatisfied with Mugabe's rule and wanted to become politicians. Mugabe attended a weekly meeting of the Zimbabwe cabinet on Tuesday afternoon. In the early evening after the cabinet meeting, Khaya-Moyo spoke for ZANU–PF and accused Chiwenga of treason and inciting insurrection.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Tuesday, 14 November
That evening, soldiers took over the Harare offices of the state broadcaster, the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation (ZBC), manhandling some of its employees. Workers at the ZBC were later told that they did not have to worry and that the troops were protecting the station. According to the military, the reason for its actions was because the ZBC had been ordered not to broadcast the military's statement on Monday.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Tuesday, 14 November
Around 10:30pm, Albert Ngulube, director of security of the Zimbabwean Central Intelligence Organisation was arrested by soldiers after leaving Mugabe's home. He was beaten up at the Presidential Guard headquarters and was released on Friday, 17 November for medical treatment at a private hospital in the capital.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
The army then proceeded to raid the homes of twenty other people. Minister of Higher Education Jonathan Moyo was tipped off by a member of the army on early Wednesday morning and fled to the house of Saviour Kasukuwere, Minister of Local Government, and his family. That home was then attacked by the army around 2.30am with gunfire before a ceasefire allowed the two families to escape to Mugabe's home. The army also raided the home of Finance Minister Ignatius Chombo, but they came under fire from his private Israeli security guards. One member of the guard was killed. Chombo was detained and assaulted by the troops; US$10 million in cash was found in the house. Police duties had been restricted and Police Commissioner Augustine Chihuri was missing, presumed arrested.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
At 5 am Major General Sibusiso Moyo, the army chief of staff and an ally of Chiwenga's, spoke on behalf of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces in a broadcast on ZBC. Moyo asserted that it was not a military takeover and that President Mugabe was safe. However, the statement also said that the military was "targeting criminals" around Mugabe responsible for the country's socio-economic problems, and that after they achieved their aims, the situation would "return to normalcy".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
Moyo announced that all military leave was cancelled, soldiers should return to their barracks, security forces should "cooperate for the good of our country", and that "any provocation will be met with an appropriate response". Moyo also said that the independence of the judiciary of Zimbabwe was guaranteed and that citizens should remain calm and avoid unnecessary movement.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
After the speech, the military apprehended Ignatius Chombo, the Zimbabwean finance minister and a leader of G40, the pro-Grace Mugabe faction of ZANU–PF. According to South Africa's The Times, other cabinet ministers seized who were leaders in G40 included Jonathan Moyo and Saviour Kasukuwere.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
Also early that morning, gunfire and artillery were heard in the northern suburbs of Harare, where many government officials, including the president, had their residences. According to Agence France-Presse, a witness heard sustained gunfire near Mugabe's private home in the suburb of Borrowdale. Reuters reported an explosion close to the main campus of the University of Zimbabwe. Soldiers also blocked access to the Parliament of Zimbabwe, government buildings, courthouses, and the president's official residence in Harare. It was reported that two journalists were assaulted by the military and hospitalised.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
The military announced a press conference for Wednesday morning, where it was expected that the responsible officers would present a deal with President Mugabe that settled his fate and that of his allies. However, the conference was delayed and then cancelled outright, possibly because of a breakdown in negotiations between Mugabe and the military.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
For most of Wednesday morning, state-controlled television and radio stations simply rebroadcast Moyo's statement without further news updates, and played patriotic songs from the 1980s about independence alongside normal programming. State-owned newspaper The Herald ran headlines downplaying the military's actions and its website ran a live blog under the headline "Live and developing: No Military Takeover in Zim".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
By Wednesday afternoon, the roadblocks around key government buildings in Harare had been removed, armoured vehicles were off the streets, and there was no longer extra security in the Borrowdale suburb, where most senior officials had their private homes. Although there was less overall traffic in the city, ordinary activities like school, administrative offices, and businesses returned to normal. Outside Harare, including Bulawayo, the country's second-largest city, Zimbabweans experienced little to no added military presence.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
The same day, ZBC broadcast an apology from ZANU–PF youth wing leader Kudzai Chipanga to General Chiwenga, whom he had criticised the day before. Chipanga said that he made his statement voluntarily and that he and other members of the youth league "are still young and make mistakes".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Wednesday, 15 November
Morgan Tsvangirai, the former Prime Minister and leader of the main opposition party Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai, who had won 42% of the popular vote against Mugabe's 56.2% in the 2002 presidential election, returned from receiving cancer treatments abroad. Soon after his return to the country, Tsvangirai called for Mugabe to step down.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Thursday, 16 November
ZANU–PF MP and government minister Paul Chimedza was arrested at an army roadblock in Bubi while attempting to flee to South Africa. In Harare, armoured vehicles remained at key locations.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Friday, 17 November
Mugabe presided at a graduation ceremony at Zimbabwe Open University.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Saturday, 18 November
There were well-attended and exuberant but peaceful public demonstrations in Harare and in all major towns in the country, supporting the actions of the army and celebrating the apparent end of Mugabe's presidency. Demonstrators also massed outside his office calling on him to quit. Protesters booed and jeered a motorcade that left Mugabe's residence, although a security source stated that Mugabe was not travelling.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Sunday, 19 November
Mugabe was sacked by his party, and his wife and 20 of her associates were expelled as party members. However, in a speech delivered in Harare and broadcast on state television around the country, Mugabe ignored the party's actions and the political pressure around him, declining to resign and saying he would preside over the upcoming party conference. ZANU-PF issued Mugabe a deadline of noon on 20 November to resign or face impeachment. ZANU–PF announced that if Mugabe had not resigned by noon the following day, then impeachment would follow.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Monday, 20 November
Mugabe ignored the noon deadline for his resignation. Paul Mangwana, ZANU–PF's deputy secretary for legal affairs, said that impeachment could be set in motion as early as the next day. Mugabe would be impeached on the basis that he "allowed his wife to usurp constitutional power".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Monday, 20 November
Mangwana announced that party members had "unanimously" agreed to remove Mugabe from office and would work with the opposition MDC party to remove Mugabe in a two-day period. Mangwana also stated that a committee would be set up on 21 November and that the vote for impeachment would occur on 22 November.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Monday, 20 November
Chiwenga announced in a televised address that Mnangagwa would soon return to Zimbabwe and hold talks with Mugabe, with whom he had now been in contact, and that the military coup, dubbed "Operation Restore Legacy", was progressing well.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Monday, 20 November
British news agency Reuters reported that impeachment proceedings would proceed after the ruling ZANU–PF party completed the draft for a motion of impeachment. A copy of the draft, which also included a motion for a no-confidence vote, was obtained by British newspaper The Daily Telegraph. Of ZANU–PF's 250 lawmakers, all but 20 at a caucus meeting endorsed the impeachment motion, according to party Chairman Simon Khaya-Moyo.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Monday, 20 November
Tsvangirai called for an all-stakeholders meeting to chart the country's future and an internationally supervised process for the forthcoming elections. He said an all-inclusive process to take the country to legitimacy was the only way forward.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Tuesday, 21 November
In a sitting of the House of Assembly, Sen. Monica Mutsvangwa of the ZANU–PF caucus made the motion to convene a joint session of Parliament with the full Senate for the impeachment of Mugabe, and MP James Maridadi of the MDC-T seconded the motion. The MPs then adjourned to the Harare International Conference Centre for the joint session because the Parliament building could not accommodate a joint sitting. The joint session was tasked with deciding on impeachment by a majority vote and selecting a nine-member committee to investigate the allegations against Mugabe:


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Tuesday, 21 November
If this committee recommended impeachment, the joint sitting had to approve the recommendation by a two-thirds majority (233 seats of the 347-seat total). However, both major parties supported the motion and controlled all but four seats in the House of Assembly and all but two seats in the Senate between them. Mugabe's impeachment and removal thus appeared all but certain.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Tuesday, 21 November
Prior to the session, a cabinet meeting called by Mugabe was snubbed by 17 out of 22 members, with the absentees opting to attend a mandatory meeting of the ZANU–PF parliamentary caucus. Mnangagwa wrote a letter saying that he could not meet personally with Mugabe while his safety could not be guaranteed. The letter also urged Mugabe to resign.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Tuesday, 21 November
The crisis harmed Zimbabwe's economy, with investors dumping Zimbabwean stocks, sending them falling 10% on Monday to an eight-week low of 387.38.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Timeline of events, Tuesday, 21 November
At 18:00 local time Mugabe resigned. His resignation, in the form of an official statement, was announced by Speaker of Parliament Jacob Mudenda to the joint session. Many of the legislators in every party cheered happily right after Mudenda read Mugabe's resignation letter. In accordance with the Zimbabwean constitution, the Vice President, Phelekezela Mphoko, became acting president, pending nomination of a new candidate by the ruling party. However, as he was out of the country at the time it is disputed whether or not he served in that acting position. The ZANU–PF chief whip duly nominated Mnangagwa, telling news organisations that he would take over as president within 48 hours.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Post-resignation events, Wednesday, 22 November
Mnangagwa arrived in Zimbabwe in the afternoon and gave a speech to the public outside of ZANU-PF headquarters, pledging "the beginning of a new unfolding democracy". The Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation posted a report that Mnangagwa would be sworn on 24 November as interim president to serve out the remainder of Mugabe's term in office.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Mugabe's house arrest, negotiations, and resignation
Major General Moyo's initial statement said that "Mugabe and his family are safe and sound, and their security is guaranteed", indicating that President Mugabe and Grace Mugabe were likely both under military custody, though no clarifications were initially issued. South African President Jacob Zuma said that Robert Mugabe had been placed under house arrest by the Zimbabwe military. Mugabe told Zuma in a phone call that he was fine but was unable to leave his home.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Mugabe's house arrest, negotiations, and resignation
Sky News reported that there were unconfirmed reports that Grace Mugabe had fled to Namibia. The Guardian also initially cited unconfirmed reports that she was in Namibia for a business trip, but later reported that she was apparently in detention with the rest of the family. On 15 November, Namibia neither confirmed nor denied the reports that Grace Mugabe was in the country. However, on 16 November, state-owned newspaper New Era quoted Namibian deputy prime minister Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah denying that Grace Mugabe was in the country.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Mugabe's house arrest, negotiations, and resignation
On Wednesday, 15 November, South African Defence Minister Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula and State Security Minister Bongani Bongo arrived at the Harare airport but were not allowed to leave the airport until the evening, when they were allowed to move to a hotel. On Thursday, 16 November, Mugabe was at Harare's State House to participate in talks with General Chiwenga and the two envoys from the Southern African Development Community over a transition of power. His friend and Catholic priest Fidelis Mukonori acted as a mediator. Others present were Zimbabwe's Defence Minister and State Security Minister, Sydney Sekeramayi and Kembo Mohadi respectively. One of the leading figures in the alleged coup attempt of 2007, Air Vice Marshal Elson Moyo, was also present.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Mugabe's house arrest, negotiations, and resignation
According to sources referred to by The Daily Telegraph and BBC News, Mugabe and his allies did not support his voluntary resignation before the end of his presidential term, which would coincide with the planned general election in 2018. That same day, The Independent reported that ZANU–PF leaders planned to meet the next day to draft a resolution dismissing Mugabe as president on 19 November and impeaching him on 21 November if he refused to step down.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Mugabe's house arrest, negotiations, and resignation
On Friday, 17 November, Mugabe appeared to have been temporarily released from his house arrest to attend a graduation ceremony at Zimbabwe Open University in Harare.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Mugabe's house arrest, negotiations, and resignation
On Sunday, 19 November, Mugabe was sacked as the leader of ZANU–PF, and Emmerson Mnangagwa, the former Zimbabwean Vice President, appointed in his place. Reports emerged that Mugabe was on hunger strike, refusing to voluntarily step down as President of Zimbabwe. The same day, Grace Mugabe and 20 of her associates were expelled from ZANU–PF. Reports later that day suggested that Mugabe would resign during a television address that evening. However, during that address he said that he would remain as president.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Mugabe's house arrest, negotiations, and resignation
On 20 November, the country's military commander General Constantino Chiwenga announced in a televised address to the nation that former Vice President Emmerson Mnangagwa would soon return to Zimbabwe to resume talks with Mugabe and that he was encouraged by the contact between Mnangagwa, whom the army wanted to succeed Mugabe, and the President. On the same day, a motion to impeach and hold a no confidence vote against Mugabe was drafted by Lovemore Matuke, the ZANU–PF chief whip in parliament, before Mugabe finally resigned at 18:00 local time by sending a letter to the Speaker of Parliament. Vice-President Phelekezela Mphoko became the Acting President.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Mugabe's house arrest, negotiations, and resignation
There was little interest among the political elite in prosecuting Mugabe, with those who had sought his impeachment in the past arguing he should be "allowed to rest". On 23 November, military authorities agreed to grant Mugabe and his wife immunity from prosecution. The couple was also to receive no less than $10 million, according to an official.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, Domestic
Nelson Chamisa, the deputy leader of the Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai, the main opposition party in Zimbabwe, called for "peace, constitutionalism, democratization, the rule of law and the sanctity of human life". Tendai Biti, the leader of another opposition party, called for a "roadmap back to legitimacy" through a transitional government and dialogue with regional organisations. Evan Mawarire, a pastor and civic activist who had been arrested during the 2016–17 protests, asked citizens to "remain calm and hopeful, alert but prayerful" and that the crisis was "the culmination" of citizen activist work.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, Domestic
Christopher Mutsvangwa, leader of the Zimbabwe National Liberation War Veterans Association and an ally of Mnangagwa, praised Army General Constantino Chiwenga for "a bloodless correction of gross abuse of power" and hoped that the army would restore a "genuine democracy" to Zimbabwe. Former Vice-President Joice Mujuru called for a transitional government focusing on economic recovery and electoral reform.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Africa
Jacob Zuma, the President of South Africa, phoned Mugabe and confirmed his house arrest. Zuma also asked for calm and a transition that was in accordance with the Constitution of Zimbabwe. He also sent a ministerial-level envoy to talk with the leaders of the Zimbabwe military. Julius Malema, the leader of the Economic Freedom Fighters party and previously a Mugabe supporter, voiced support for the army's initiative. He tweeted: "Someone had to do something, the army should make sure that there is no loss of life however anyone seeking to undermine this transition should be dealt with decisively.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Africa
Finally free and stable Zimbabwe is coming in our life time." Mmusi Maimane, the leader of the Democratic Alliance party simply stated that Mugabe must step down and called him a dictator. He also called for the democratic process to be upheld. Nedbank, a major South African bank, sent home several of its South African employees working for its Zimbabwean subsidiary, MBCA Bank.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Africa
Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, the Foreign Minister of Namibia, said that the incident "creates uncertainty that is not conducive to peace, stability, and consolidation of democracy in Zimbabwe and the region as a whole" and said that Namibia expected that democratic institutions in Zimbabwe would continue to function under its constitution. Nandi-Ndaitwah also said that the Namibian government expected Zimbabwe to abide by the Southern African Development Community's Treaty on Governance and the African Union Constitutive Act. On 16 November, Namibia denied reports that Grace Mugabe was in the country.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Africa
Alpha Condé, the President of Guinea and the leader of the African Union, rebuked the actions of the military and demanded the immediate restoration of the rule of law under the Zimbabwean Constitution. Edgar Lungu, the President of Zambia, condemned the events, saying that they were "not in tune with modern politics". While Abdelaziz Benali Cherif, the Foreign Minister of Algeria, called for respect for Zimbabwe's constitutional order. Fatoumata Tambajang, Vice-President of the Gambia, called for dialogue between the military and political leadership to solve the crisis.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Africa
The Southern African Development Community (SADC) held an urgent meeting at the SADC headquarters in Gaborone on 16 November. The meeting was called by Zuma and was expected to be attended by the leaders of Angola, Tanzania, and Zambia.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Africa
On 22 November, Kenya's former Prime Minister Raila Odinga, a key mediator of the 2008–09 Zimbabwean political negotiations, hailed Zimbabwe for "peacefully overthrowing tyranny and dictatorship". The African Union issued a statement in which it refrained from describing the military intervention as a 'coup', but instead said Mugabe's ouster was a legitimate expression of the will of the Zimbabwean people.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Beyond Africa
Foreign embassies, including the American, Canadian, British, and Dutch embassies in Harare, issued warnings to citizens of their countries to stay indoors because of the military activity in the city. A German spokesperson for the Federal Foreign Office told a press conference in Berlin that "We see developments there with concern ... The situation there is confusing and unclear." British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson called "for everybody to refrain from violence" and stated that "everybody wants to see a stable and successful Zimbabwe".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Beyond Africa
While Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull characterised the Mugabe regime as a dictatorship, the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade upgraded its travel advice, warning Australians to reconsider travelling to the country. The Chinese Foreign Ministry claimed that a meeting which occurred on 10 November between General Chiwenga and Chinese defence minister Chang Wanquan was innocuous and that China hoped that "the relevant parties in Zimbabwe [would] appropriately handle their internal matters".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Beyond Africa
Venezuelan Foreign Minister Jorge Arreaza called for the "immediate restoration of the democratic institution and the respect for the Constitution".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Beyond Africa
António Guterres, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, through his deputy spokesperson, Farhan Haq, encouraged peace and resolution through negotiation within the workings of Zimbabwean Constitution. The UN also acknowledged the efforts of the SADC in resolving the crisis. European Commission spokesperson Catherine Ray stated that the situation "is a matter of concern for the EU" and called for "peaceful resolution".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Beyond Africa
Deputy Russian Prime Minister Yury Trutnev, on a visit to Southern Africa, directly blamed President Robert Mugabe for getting himself into trouble by failing to address the socioeconomic issues of the country which had left Zimbabweans impoverished and angry.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Beyond Africa
United States Secretary of State Rex Tillerson called Mugabe's resignation a "historic moment" for the country. He further congratulated Zimbabweans for peacefully bringing about a change which "was overdue" and emphasized that the United States would support Zimbabwe in transitioning to a stable, democratic government and economy.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Reactions, International, Beyond Africa
British Prime Minister Theresa May welcomed Mugabe's resignation stating that it "provides Zimbabwe with an opportunity to forge a new path free of the oppression that characterised his rule".


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Analysis
Derek Matyszak, an analyst from the Institute for Security Studies, said that it was rare to see tanks on Zimbabwe's roads, and that their mere presence meant that the country was "entering new territory". According to Nii Akuetteh, an African policy analyst, the army's decision to present its actions as not being a coup was to avoid garnering opposition to their actions.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Analysis
Brian Latham, a journalist with Bloomberg, judged that the future succession to Mugabe would be determined by four power brokers in the Zimbabwe elite. In addition to Emmerson Mnangagwa and Constantine Chiwenga, Latham also deemed that the influence of Lieutenant-General Philip Valerio Sibanda and Air Marshal Perrance Shiri would be decisive.


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Analysis
A 2019 study argued that the coup occurred "because soldiers from Zimbabwe’s 1970s independence war subscribed to the coup’s stated ideal to restore liberation struggle principles in the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front party as well as party members who had been sidelined. Liberation war veterans held decisive army and air force command posts when the coup occurred... the coup’s catalyst was Mugabe’s refusal to meet his generals on 13 November 2017, for vital talks on widening differences between both parties. Sealing off dialogue catalyzed the coup."


2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, Analysis, Alleged Chinese involvement
Days before the coup, General Constantino Chiwenga visited China to meet senior Chinese military leaders, including Generals Chang Wanquan and Li Zuocheng. Chiwenga's visit to China has come under scrutiny, with speculation that he had sought Beijing's tacit approval for a possible move against Mugabe. However, the Chinese Foreign Ministry said that his visit was a "normal military exchange." The Chinese embassy in South Africa called the reports of Chinese involvement "contradictory, full of logical inconsistencies, and motivated by evil intentions."


2017 al-Jinah airstrike
On 16 March 2017, an airstrike by the United States Armed Forces killed up to 49 people in the rebel-held village of al-Jinah near Aleppo, Syria. The US military claimed the people targeted in the strike were militants belonging to the terrorist group al-Qaeda. However, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR), local residents and local officials have claimed that the building struck was a mosque filled with worshipers. At the time, US military claimed that the structure bombed was not a mosque itself but was next to a mosque, which was undamaged.


2017 al-Jinah airstrike
However, on May 5, 2017, a US Central Command investigation determined that the building was indeed part of a mosque-complex. Rami Abdel Rahman, head of SOHR, claimed the structure was a mosque which held over 300 people at the time of the strike. In September 2017, the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on Syria concluded that "United States forces failed to take all feasible precautions to avoid or minimize incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians and damage to civilian objects, in violation of international humanitarian law." The UN commission's findings did not support the U.S. claim that an al-Qaeda meeting was taking place.


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, Casualties
Forty-two people were initially reported by the SOHR to have been killed, though the group said that by March 17 the death toll had increased to 49, while The Guardian reported that 46 people had died. The SOHR said that most of the casualties were civilians, and more than 100 people were injured. The Syrian Civil Defence said that "dozens" of people had been buried in rubble following the strike. According to a September 2017 report from the UN Commission of Inquiry on Syria, 38 people were killed, including one woman and five children, and 26 people were wounded.


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, Casualties
According to a spokesman for the Pentagon, "dozens" of al-Qaeda fighters, including "senior al Qaeda terrorists, some of these were likely high value individuals", were among those killed. Another spokesman stated that initial assessments indicated no civilian casualties.


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, U.S. involvement
A missile fragment was reportedly found at the attack scene which had Latin alphabet letters corresponding with script found on missiles used by US forces, according to British investigative group Bellingcat. The Syrian Institute for Justice released photographs showing fragments of American weapons at the site of the bombing, which British newspaper The Telegraph cited as evidence that the US was responsible for civilian casualties.


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, U.S. involvement
A United States Central Command spokesman, Josh Jacques, confirmed that the United States had carried out an airstrike, but said that the area was "assessed to be a meeting place for al-Qaeda, and we took the strike," and denied both that the mosque had been the target and that it had been the building that was destroyed. "We did not target a mosque, but the building that we did target – which was where the meeting [of militants] took place – is about 50 feet [15 m] from a mosque that is still standing," spokesperson Colonel John Thomas said. Pentagon spokesman Jeff Davis later clarified that the target had been identified as a "partially constructed community center." The photo released by the Pentagon showed the mosque was "relatively unscathed," Davis added.


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, U.S. involvement
The Washington Post reported that two Reaper drones fired at least four Hellfire missiles and dropped a 500-pound (230 kg) bomb in the attack. Within a week of the attack, US Central Command began two internal investigations, one into whether civilians had been killed and another to find additional information about the type of building hit and its occupants. On May 5, 2017, the investigation determined that the building was indeed part of a mosque-complex.


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, U.S. involvement
According to Forensic Architecture, witness testimonies and photographs of the building taken before the strike suggested few of the rooms had doors separating them from one another. A large number of local residents visited regularly and the building was open to the public. Forensic Architecture concluded that "[a]ll of this makes it unlikely that a meeting of senior al-Qaeda operatives would have been taking place at the time of the strike."


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, U.S. involvement
In a report released 18 April 2017, Human Right Watch stated that they had "not found evidence to support the allegation that members of al-Qaeda or any other armed group were meeting in the mosque." Local residents in the area reported that there were no members of armed groups at the mosque or in the area at the time of the attack and that the victims were all civilians and local residents. First responders to the initial strike said the dead and injured wore civilian clothes and that they saw no weapons at the site. Human Rights Watch also noted that "U.S. authorities have so far released no information to support their claims."


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, U.S. involvement
In June 2017, a United States military investigation found the airstrike was legal and caused one civilian casualty. U.S. Army Brig. Gen. Paul Bontrager said the investigation into the attack did not involve any interviews with people on the ground and no U.S. personnel visited the site.


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, U.S. involvement
In September 2017, a report from the UN Commission of Inquiry on Syria said that three days before striking the mosque compound, the U.S. team knew about the target but did not do enough to verify it. The Commission therefore concluded that "United States forces failed to take all feasible precautions to avoid or minimize incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians and damage to civilian objects, in violation of international humanitarian law."


2017 al-Jinah airstrike, U.S. involvement
The UN commission said its findings did not support the U.S. claim that an al-Qaeda meeting was taking place there and the U.S. had not released evidence that such a meeting took place. The report noted that the United States Central Command investigation included interviews with dozens of people, none of whom were in al-Jinah at the time of the attack. The investigators said the U.S. had sought to limit collateral damage using ten bombs that produced minimal blast and fragmentation to hit the building, before following up with two missiles fired by a drone at people fleeing.