2017 Fordham Rams men's soccer team
The 2017 Fordham Rams men's soccer team represented Fordham University during the 2017 NCAA Division I men's soccer season. It was the 66th season of the program's existence and their 23rd in the Atlantic 10 Conference. The Rams played their home matches at Coffey Field in The Bronx.


2017 Fordham Rams men's soccer team
The season was the program's most successful season in the NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship. The Rams advanced to the Round of 16 in the tournament for the first time in program history, as well as their first ever quarterfinal appearance. This came after securing their first ever at-large berth in the tournament. It was only the fourth time in program history that the Rams qualified for the NCAA Tournament. On the way to the Round of 16, Fordham secured a come-from-behind victory over St. Francis Brooklyn and five-time NCAA champions, Virginia. In the quarterfinal round, Fordham lost to the third-seeded North Carolina.


2017 Fordham Rams men's soccer team, Squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2017 Formula 2 Championship
The 2017 FIA Formula 2 Championship was the fifty-first season of the second-tier of Formula One feeder championship and also the first season under the moniker of FIA Formula 2 Championship, a motor racing championship run in support of the 2017 FIA Formula One World Championship. The championship is sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and is open to teams and drivers competing in cars complying with Formula 2 regulations.


2017 Formula 2 Championship
2017 was the final season that the Dallara GP2/11 chassis package—which débuted in the 2011 GP2 Series—was used in competition. It was also the final season that the Mecachrome 4.0 litre V8 naturally-aspirated engine package that débuted in the 2005 GP2 Series was used, as a brand new chassis and engine package was introduced for the 2018 season.


2017 Formula 2 Championship
The season was dominated by Charles Leclerc, who secured the drivers' championship with three races to go. Second place went to Artem Markelov with Oliver Rowland finishing third. The teams' championship was decided in the final race, with Russian Time winning by fifteen points over Prema Racing and DAMS in third, a further eleven points behind.


2017 Formula 2 Championship
Champion Charles Leclerc took 7 wins, while runner-up Artem Markelov took 5 victories, Oliver Rowland took 2 wins, Luca Ghiotto, who finished fourth in the championship, took 1 win, Nobuharu Matsushita took 2 victories, Norman Nato, Nicholas Latifi, Antonio Fuoco, Nyck de Vries and Sérgio Sette Câmara each took one race win.


2017 Formula 2 Championship, Teams and drivers
All FIA Formula 2 drivers competed in a Dallara GP2/11 chassis, using a Mecachrome GP2 V8 engine and Pirelli tyres.


2017 Formula 2 Championship, Teams and drivers, Team changes
After six seasons in the series, Carlin withdrew to concentrate on their Indy Lights programme. German entry Hilmer Motorsport were due to return to the series while it was still known as GP2, however, this never came to fruition.


2017 Formula 2 Championship, Calendar
The following eleven rounds took place as part of the 2017 championship:


2017 Formula 2 Championship, Calendar, Calendar changes
The series returned to the Bahrain International Circuit in support of the Bahrain Grand Prix, while the rounds at the Hockenheimring and the Sepang International Circuit were discontinued. The series made its début at the Circuito de Jerez, with a stand-alone event that was run as the penultimate round of the championship.


2017 Formula 2 Championship, Changes
The series was originally intended to be run as the GP2 Series before it was rebranded as the FIA Formula 2 Championship in March 2017. The decision to rebrand the series brings it in line with the FIA Global Pathway, which aims to create a linear path of feeder series from domestic Formula 4 to the top tier of open-wheel racing, Formula One. Despite the name change, it will retain the GP2 regulations as originally scheduled, making the 2017 season the thirteenth to use GP2 regulations. It will be the first time that a series has been run under the name of Formula 2 since Jonathan Palmer's unrelated series collapsed in 2012.


2017 Formula 2 Championship, Championship standings, Scoring system
Points were awarded to the top 10 classified finishers in the Feature race, and to the top 8 classified finishers in the Sprint race. The pole-sitter in the feature race also received four points, and two points were given to the driver who set the fastest lap inside the top ten in both the feature and sprint races. No extra points were awarded to the pole-sitter in the sprint race.


2017 Formula 3 Brasil season
The 2017 Fórmula 3 Brasil season was the eleventh season of Fórmula 3 Brasil and the fourth since 1995, replacing the Formula 3 Sudamericana series as the highest-profile single-seater championship on the continent. In this season F3 Brasil will no longer with Stock Car Brasil and will be part of Porsche GT3 Cup Brasil event.


2017 Formula 3 Brasil season, Drivers and teams
The following Brazilian teams (with the exception of British-based Hitech) and drivers are registered. All cars are powered by Berta engines and run on Pirelli tyres. This year Academy Class replacing class B.


2017 Formula 3 Brasil season, Championship standings
Bold – Pole positionItalics – Fastest lap† – Retired, but classified


2017 Formula 4 United States Championship
The 2017 Formula 4 United States Championship season was the second season of the United States Formula 4 Championship, a motor racing series regulated according to FIA Formula 4 regulations and sanctioned by SCCA Pro Racing, the professional racing division of the Sports Car Club of America. It began on 8 April at Homestead-Miami Speedway and finished on 22 October at the Circuit of the Americas, after seven triple header rounds.


2017 Formula 4 United States Championship, Championship standings
Points were awarded to the top 10 classified finishers in each race.


2017 Formula D season
The 2017 Formula D season is the fourteenth season of the Formula D Pro Championship series and fourth season of the Pro2 series. The Pro Championship series began on March 31 at Long Beach and ended on October 14 at Irwindale Speedway  with Irish driver James Deane winning his first Pro Championship.


2017 Formula Masters China
The 2017 Formula Masters Series season was the seventh season of the Formula Pilota China series, and the first under the Formula Masters Series branding. The championship began on 8 April at the Sepang International Circuit in Malaysia and finished on 24 September at the Shanghai International Circuit in China, after eighteen races held at five meetings.


2017 Formula Masters China, Race calendar and results
The definitive race calendar was confirmed on 6 April 2017. As per the regulations, each round will have two to three 25-minute races and one shorter 15-minute race, with a different set of points awarded for each format. Races denoted with a blue background are 15-minute races.


2017 Formula Masters China, Championship standings, Drivers' championship
Bold – PoleItalics – Fastest Lap† – Retired, but classified


2017 Formula One World Championship
The 2017 FIA Formula One World Championship was the 71st season of Formula One motor racing. It featured the 68th Formula One World Championship, a motor racing championship for Formula One cars which is recognised by the sport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), as the highest class of  competition for open-wheel racing cars. Teams and drivers competed in twenty Grands Prix—starting in Australia on 26 March and ending in Abu Dhabi on 26 November—for the World Drivers' and World Constructors' championships.


2017 Formula One World Championship
As the reigning Drivers' Champion Nico Rosberg announced his retirement from the sport in December 2016, the 2017 season was the first since 1994 in which the reigning champion did not compete. Mercedes started the season as the defending Constructors' Champion, having secured their third consecutive title at the 2016 Japanese Grand Prix.


2017 Formula One World Championship
At the conclusion of the championship, Lewis Hamilton won his fourth World Drivers' Championship title. Hamilton finished with 363 points, 46 points ahead of Sebastian Vettel in second with 317 points and Valtteri Bottas in third with 305 points. In the World Constructors' Championship, Mercedes won their fourth consecutive title at the 2017 United States Grand Prix and finished with 668 points. Ferrari finished second with 522 points and Red Bull Racing were third with 368 points.


2017 Formula One World Championship, Teams and drivers
The following teams and drivers took part in the 2017 Formula One World Championship.


2017 Formula One World Championship, Teams and drivers, Free practice drivers
Six drivers drove as free practice drivers over the course of the season. Alfonso Celis Jr. and George Russell both served as free practice driver for Force India. Antonio Giovinazzi, Sergey Sirotkin, Charles Leclerc and Sean Gelael served as free practice drivers for Haas, Renault, Sauber and Scuderia Toro Rosso respectively.


2017 Formula One World Championship, Season report
The start of the season was tight with Sebastian Vettel leading the championship for the first 12 rounds and never by more than 25 points, however towards the end of the season Lewis Hamilton became dominant resulting in him taking the title at the Mexican Grand Prix with 2 races still to go. Hamilton was looking to regain the World Championship and his fourth overall while Vettel was looking to capture his first since 2013.


2017 Formula One World Championship, Results and standings, Scoring system
Points are awarded to the top ten classified finishers in every race, using the following structure:


2017 Formula One World Championship, Results and standings, Scoring system
In order for full points to be awarded, the race winner must complete at least 75% of the scheduled race distance. Half points are awarded if the race winner completes less than 75% of the race distance provided that at least two laps are completed. In the event of a tie at the conclusion of the championship, a count-back system is used as a tie-breaker, with a driver's best result used to decide the standings.


2017 Formula One eSports Series
The 2017 FIA Formula One Esports Series was the inaugural season of the Formula One Esports Series. It started on September 4, 2017 and ended on November 25, 2017. It was held on Formula One's official 2017 game.


2017 Formula One eSports Series, Qualification
A total of 63,827 drivers took part in the qualifying stages, with 40 progressing to the Semi-Finals. 10 came from each of the platforms (Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and PC), 9 came from F1 affiliated leagues, and 1 was a specially-selected wildcard.


2017 Formula One eSports Series, Semi-Final
The Semi-Final was held at the Gfinity Arena in London, the United Kingdom on 10 October 2017. Drivers were split into 4 groups of 10, and competed in two heat races - one at the Silverstone Circuit and the other at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace. The top 5 drivers on points in each heat after these two races progressed to the final.


2017 Formula One eSports Series, Final
The final was held as a support category to the 2017 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, over 24–25 November 2017. Races were held at the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps and Yas Marina Circuit. Drivers scored points in the same structure as the regular Formula One season for the first two races, and scored points in a 45-38-34-29-24-20-18-16-14-12-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-1 structure in the third.


2017 Formula Renault Eurocup
The 2017 Formula Renault Eurocup is a multi-event motor racing championship for open wheel, formula racing cars held across Europe. The championship features drivers competing in 2 litre Formula Renault single seat race cars that conform to the technical regulations for the championship. The 2017 season is the 27th Formula Renault Eurocup season organized by the Renault Sport and the second season as the main category of the World Series by Renault. The series will visit ten circuits around the Europe, including Monaco.


2017 Formula Renault Eurocup, Teams and drivers
Twelve teams were preselected on 12 September 2016. ASM Motorsport, Cram Motorsport and Duqueine Engineering were dropped from the final teams' list that was published on 9 November 2016.


2017 Formula Renault Eurocup, Race calendar
The provisional calendar for the 2017 season was announced on 17 October 2016. The series will return Silverstone Circuit, Hungaroring, Nürburgring and Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya and add Pau Circuit in its schedule. While Ciudad del Motor de Aragón for the first time since 2009 will be not present in the 2017 calendar, as well as 2016 returnee Autódromo Fernanda Pires da Silva. On 3 February 2017 was confirmed the number of the races during the rounds.


2017 Formula Renault Eurocup, Championship standings
The first race at Spa which held in fog conditions was red-flagged after three laps were completed behind the safety car, but before 75% of the scheduled distance in laps, the necessary distance required for a race to pay full points. Race paid half points to all classified finishers.


2017 Formula Renault Eurocup, Championship standings, Teams' championship
Only two best-finishing cars are allowed to score points in the championship.


2017 Formula Renault Northern European Cup
The 2017 Formula Renault Northern European Cup is the twelfth Formula Renault Northern European Cup season, an open-wheel motor racing series for emerging young racing drivers based in Europe.


2017 Formula Renault Northern European Cup, Calendar
The provisional calendar for the 2017 season was announced on 2 December 2016. On 28 December 2016 was confirmed that Circuit Paul Ricard will host the seventh venue for the season.


2017 Formula Renault Northern European Cup, Calendar
A revision of the calendar reduced the number of rounds to five and amended the clashes between the series and the Eurocup series. At Spa NEC drivers joined Eurocup drivers on the grid, but the Eurocup drivers were ineligible to score points, and despite that on track races 1 & 3 were won by Sacha Fenestraz and race 2 by Gabriel Aubry they didn't receive NEC trophies.


2017 Formula Renault Northern European Cup, Championship standings, Drivers' championship
Bold – PoleItalics – Fastest Lap† — Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 75% of the race distance.


2017 Formula Renault seasons
This article describes all the 2017 seasons of Formula Renault series across the world.


2017 Formula Renault seasons, Unofficial Formula Renault championships, 2017 Remus Formula Renault 2.0 Pokal season
The season was held between 7 April and 8 October and raced across Austria, Italy, Czech Republic and Germany. The races occur with other categories cars as part of the 2017 Austria Formula 3 Cup, this section presents only the Austrian Formula Renault 2.0L classification.


2017 Formula Renault seasons, Unofficial Formula Renault championships, 2017 Formula Renault 2.0 Argentina season
All cars use Tito 02 chassis, all races were held in Argentina.


2017 Formula Renault seasons, Unofficial Formula Renault championships, 2017 Formula Renault 2.0 Argentina season
1 extra point in each race for regularly qualified drivers.


2017 Formula STCC Nordic
The 2017 Formula STCC Nordic season was the fifth season of the single seater championship that supports 2017 Scandinavian Touring Car Championship season. Previously it went under the name of Formula Renault 1.6 Nordic but the name was changed after Renault Sport dropped its support for the 3.5 and 1.6 classes in late 2015. The season began on 4 May at Ring Knutstorp and concluded on 16 September at Mantorp Park after seven rounds.


2017 Formula STCC Nordic, Race calendar and results
The season started on 4 May at Ring Knutstorp and finished on 16 September at Mantorp Park, with six of the seven scheduled double-header rounds supporting STCC. Rounds denoted with a blue background were part of the Formula STCC NEZ Championship.


2017 Formula STCC Nordic, Championship standings
Points are awarded to the top 10 classified finishers. An extra point is awarded for pole position and fastest lap for each race.


2017 Formula STCC Nordic, Championship standings
Parallel to the main championship, two other championships are held: the Formula STCC Junior Svenskt Mästerskap (JSM) for drivers under 26 years old holding a Swedish driver license, and the Formula STCC Northern European Zone (NEZ) championship at selected rounds. Points to these championships are awarded using the same system, with the sole exception of pole position and fastest lap not awarding points.


2017 Fort Worth mayoral election
The 2017 Fort Worth mayoral election took place on May 6, 2017, to elect the mayor of Fort Worth, Texas. The election was officially non-partisan.


2017 Fort Worth mayoral election
Betsy Price, who was serving her third term, ran for reelection. She handily won reelection with over 70% of the vote.


2017 Foster Farms Bowl
The 2017 Foster Farms Bowl was an American college football bowl game played on December 27, 2017, at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California. It was one of the 2017–18 bowl games concluding the 2017 FBS football season. The 16th edition of the Foster Farms Bowl, the game featured the Arizona Wildcats from the Pac-12 Conference against the Purdue Boilermakers from the Big Ten Conference. It was sponsored by the Foster Farms poultry company.


2017 Foster Farms Bowl, Team selection
The game features conference tie-ins with teams from the Pac-12 Conference and the Big Ten Conference.


2017 Foster Farms Bowl, Team selection, Arizona
The Wildcats finished their regular season 7–5 and accepted an invitation to play in the Foster Farms Bowl. This was Arizona's first trip to the Foster Farms Bowl; they entered the game with a record of 9–10–1 in prior bowl appearances. Their last bowl win was at the 2015 New Mexico Bowl, when they defeated New Mexico 45–37.


2017 Foster Farms Bowl, Team selection, Purdue
After finishing their season 6–6, the Boilermakers received an invitation to play in the Foster Farms Bowl, which they accepted. This bowl marked the Boilermakers' eighteenth bowl appearance (they were 9–8 in prior bowl games) and they were seeking their first bowl victory since the 2011 Little Caesars Pizza Bowl, when they beat Western Michigan 37–32.


2017 FotoFilm Tijuana
The 1st FotoFilm Tijuana Festival took place from 14 to 17 July 2017, in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. As stated by its CEO, Julio Rodríguez, the first edition of the festival, held at the Tijuana Cultural Center, had 30 different activities, 41 speakers, 180 featured artists, and 22,000 attendees. The official selection for short films was divided in two fields: "Desde el Norte" ("From the North") including four short films by Mexican directors based on Baja California; and "Jukebox Visual", for short films sent through an open call for filmmakers posted on the FilmFreeway website. The feature films included in the main program were selected by the festival film programmer.


2017 FotoFilm Tijuana, Official selection, Feature films
The selection included two feature films, William: El Nuevo Maestro del Judo and Heroyna; and the anthology film La Habitación.


2017 FotoFilm Tijuana, Official selection, Short films, Desde el Norte
The selection for "Desde el Norte" ("From the North") included four short films directed by Mexican filmmakers based on the Baja California state. Hambre, directed by Alejandro Montalvo, won the Audience Award.


2017 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships
The 2017 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships was an international figure skating competition in the 2016–17 figure skating season. It was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea on February 16–19. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The competition served as the figure skating test event for the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang.


2017 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships, Qualification
The competition was open to skaters from non-European member nations of the International Skating Union who reached the age of 15 before July 1, 2016. The corresponding competition for European skaters was the 2017 European Figure Skating Championships.


2017 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships, Qualification
Each National Federation from the four represented regions were permitted to send up to three skaters/couples for each discipline. National Federations could select their entries based on their own criteria, as long as the selected skater/couples attained a minimum technical elements score (TES) at an international senior event prior to the Four Continents.


2017 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships, Entries
A total of 111 athletes (26 men, 23 ladies, 15 pair teams, and 16 ice dancing teams) competed at the championship. The ISU published a list of entries on 27 January:


2017 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships, Medals summary, Medals by country
Table of small medals for placement in the short segment:


2017 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships, Medals summary, Medals by country
Table of small medals for placement in the free segment:


2017 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships, Prize money
Prize money was awarded to skaters who achieved a top-8 placement in the men's and ladies' events, a top-5 placement in the pair's event, and a top-6 placement in the ice dance event:


2017 Four National Figure Skating Championships
The 2017 Four National Figure Skating Championships included the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, and Hungary. The event was held in December 2016 at the Spodek in Katowice, Poland. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and ice dancing.


2017 Four National Figure Skating Championships
The results were split by country; the three highest-placing skaters from each country formed their national podiums. The results were among the criteria used to determine international assignments. It was the ninth consecutive season that the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Poland held their national championships together and the fourth season that Hungary participated.


2017 Four National Figure Skating Championships, Senior results, Men
Michal Březina, ranked first in the short program, withdrew after injuring his arm during the free skating.


2017 Four National Figure Skating Championships, Senior results, Ice dancing
Plutowska / Flemin withdrew after the short dance due to a back hernia.


2017 Four Nations Tournament
The 2017 Four Nations Tournament (Torneio Quatro Nações) in Portuguese, was the fourth edition of the Four Nations Tournament held in São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil between 27–29 October as a Men's friendly handball tournament organised by the Brazilian Handball Confederation.


2017 Four Nations Tournament (women's football)
The 2017 Four Nations Tournament was the 16th edition of the Four Nations Tournament, an invitational women's football tournament held in China.


2017 Four Nations Tournament (women's football), Match officials
The following referees were chosen for the 2017 Four Nations Tournament.


2017 France Women's Sevens
The 2017 France Sevens was the fourth tournament within the 2016–17 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series. It was held over the weekend of 24–25 June 2017 at Stade Gabriel Montpied in Clermont-Ferrand.


2017 France Women's Sevens, Format
The teams are drawn into three pools of four teams each. Each team plays every other team in their pool once. The top two teams from each pool advance to the Cup/Plate brackets while the top 2 third place teams also compete in the Cup/Plate. The other teams from each group play-off for the Challenge Trophy.


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa
In June 2017, France played a three-test series against South Africa as part of the 2017 mid-year rugby union tests. They played the Springboks over the three-week June International window (5 June–25 June), and the matches were part of the fifth year of the global rugby calendar established by the World Rugby, which runs through to 2019. This was France' first visit to South Africa since 2010 and the first test series between the teams since 2005. The last time the sides met was during the 2013 end-of-year international, where South Africa won 19–10 in Paris.


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Squads
Note: Ages, caps and clubs are as per 10 June 2017, the first test match of the tour.


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Squads, France
On 27 May, France named a 35-man squad ahead of their three-test series against South Africa.


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Squads, France
On 29 May, Nans Ducuing was called up to the squad as an injury replacement for Djibril Camara.


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Squads, France
On 5 June, Paul Jedrasiak and François Trinh-Duc were called up to the squad as injury cover for Arthur Iturria and Camille Lopez.


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Squads, France
Note: Flags indicate national union for the club/province as defined by World Rugby.


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Squads, South Africa
South Africa named a 31-man squad for South Africa's three-test series against France on 23 May 2017.


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Matches, First test
Touch judges:Ben O'Keeffe (New Zealand)Marius Mitrea (Italy)Television match official:Rowan Kitt (England)


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Matches, Second test
Touch judges:Glen Jackson (New Zealand)Angus Gardner (Australia)Television match official:Rowan Kitt (England)


2017 France rugby union tour of South Africa, Matches, Third test
Touch judges:Glen Jackson (New Zealand)Ben O'Keeffe (New Zealand)Television match official:Rowan Kitt (England)


2017 Fred Page Cup
The 2017 Fred Page Cup was the 23rd Canadian Eastern Junior A Ice Hockey Championship for the Canadian Junior Hockey League. The Terrebonne Cobras hosted for the second time in team history. The tournament was held May 3 to May 7 at La Cite du Sport in Terrebonne, Quebec. The Carleton Place Canadians of the CCHL entered the tournament as the 3-time defending champions. The tournament champions qualified for the 2017 Royal Bank Cup, held in Cobourg, Ontario and hosted by the OJHL's Cobourg Cougars at the Cobourg Community Centre.


2017 Fred Page Cup, Tournament, Round Robin
x = Clinched championship round berth; y = Clinched first overall


2017 Fremantle Football Club season
The 2017 Fremantle Football Club season is the 23rd season in the Australian Football League contested by the Fremantle Football Club.


2017 French Athletics Championships
The 2017 French Athletics Championships was the 129th edition of the national championship in outdoor track and field for France. It was held on 14–16 July at the Pierre-Delort Stadium in Marseille. A total of 38 events (divided evenly between the sexes) were contested over the three-day competition.


2017 French F4 Championship
The 2017 French F4 Championship season was the 25th season of the series for 1600cc Formula Renault machinery, and the seventh season to run under the guise of the French F4 Championship. The series began on 16 April at Nogaro and ended on 15 October at Le Castellet, after seven rounds and twenty one races.


2017 French F4 Championship
Arthur Rougier clinched the titles in the general classification of the championship and in the International Series, winning races at Pau and Spa Victor Martins won races at Nogaro, Monza and Le Castellet but lost to Rougier in general classification just by four points, while in the Junior Championship he took the title. Florian Venturi wasn't able to win a race but he scored seven podiums and completed the season in the top-three of the drivers' standings. Pierre-Alexandre Jean, Jean-Baptiste Mela, Charles Milesi, Stuart White, Hugo Chevalier, Marvin Klein, Javier González, Thomas Drouet and Pierre-Louis Chovet were the other race winners.


2017 French Indoor Athletics Championships
The 2017 French Indoor Athletics Championships was the 46th edition of the national championship in indoor track and field for France, organised by the French Athletics Federation. It was held on 18–19 February at the Vélodrome de Bordeaux in Bordeaux. A total of 28 events (divided evenly between the sexes) were contested over the two-day competition.


2017 French Open
The 2017 French Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 121st  edition of the French Open and the second Grand Slam event of the year. It took place at the Stade Roland Garros from 28 May to 11 June and consisted of events for players in singles, doubles and mixed doubles play. Junior and wheelchair players also took part in singles and doubles events.


2017 French Open
Novak Djokovic was the defending champion in the Men's Singles, but he lost in the quarter-finals to Dominic Thiem. Garbiñe Muguruza was the defending champion in the Women's Singles, but she lost in the 4th Round to Kristina Mladenovic.


2017 French Open
This was the first time since 1974 French Open that both reigning champions of the Australian Open (Serena Williams and Roger Federer) withdrew before the tournament began.


2017 French Open, Tournament
The 2017 French Open was the 116th edition of the French Open and was held at Stade Roland Garros in Paris.


2017 French Open, Tournament
The tournament was an event run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and was part of the 2017 ATP World Tour and the 2017 WTA Tour calendars under the Grand Slam category. The tournament consisted of both men's and women's singles and doubles draws as well as a mixed doubles event.


2017 French Open, Tournament
There were singles and doubles events for both boys and girls (players under 18), which are part of the Grade A category of tournaments, and singles and doubles events for men's and women's wheelchair tennis players under the Grand Slam category. The tournament was played on clay courts and took place over a series of 22 courts, including the three main showcourts, Court Philippe Chatrier, Court Suzanne Lenglen and Court 1.


2017 French Open, Points and prize money, Points distribution
Below is a series of tables for each of the competitions showing the ranking points on offer for each event.


2017 French Open, Points and prize money, Prize money
The total prize money for the 2017 edition is €36,000,000, a 12% increase compared to 2016. The winners of the men's and women's singles title receive €2,100,000, an increase of €100,000 compared to 2016.


2017 French Open, Singles seeds
The following are the seeded players and notable players who withdrew from the event. Seedings are based on ATP and WTA rankings as of 22 May 2017. Rank and points before are as of 29 May 2017.


2017 French Open, Singles seeds, Men's Singles
Because the tournament takes place one week later than in 2016, points defending includes results from both the 2016 French Open and tournaments from the week of 6 June 2016 (Stuttgart and 's-Hertogenbosch).


2017 French Open, Singles seeds, Men's Singles
† The player did not qualify for the tournament in 2016. Accordingly, points for his 18th best result are deducted instead.


2017 French Open, Singles seeds, Men's Singles
The following player would have been seeded, but he withdrew from the event.


2017 French Open, Singles seeds, Women's Singles
Because the tournament takes place one week later than in 2016, points defending includes results from both the 2016 French Open and tournaments from the week of 6 June 2016 (Nottingham and 's-Hertogenbosch).


2017 French Open, Singles seeds, Women's Singles
The following players would have been seeded, but they withdrew from the event.


2017 French Open, Main draw wildcard entries
The following players were given wildcards to the main draw based on internal selection and recent performances.


2017 French Open, Protected ranking
The following players were accepted directly into the main draw using a protected ranking:


2017 French Open, Withdrawals
The following players were accepted directly into the main tournament, but withdrew with injuries or personal reasons.


2017 French Open – Boys' Doubles
Nicola Kuhn and Zsombor Piros won the Boys' Doubles tennis title at the 2017 French Open, defeating  Vasil Kirkov and Danny Thomas in the final, 6–4, 6–4.


2017 French Open – Boys' Doubles
Yshai Oliel and Patrik Rikl were the defending champions, but Rikl chose not to participate. Oliel played alongside Benjamin Sigouin, but lost in the first round to Axel Geller and Nicolás Mejía.


2017 French Open – Boys' Singles
Geoffrey Blancaneaux was the defending champion, but was no longer eligible to participate.


2017 French Open – Boys' Singles
Alexei Popyrin won the title, defeating Nicola Kuhn in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–3.


2017 French Open – Day-by-day summaries
The 2017 French Open described below in detail, in form of day-by-day summaries.


2017 French Open – Day-by-day summaries, Day 4 (31 May)
Ons Jabeur of Tunisia became the first Arab woman to reach the third round of Grand Slam upsetting Dominika Cibulková in straight sets.


2017 French Open – Day-by-day summaries, Day 8 (4 June)
Defending champion Garbiñe Muguruza lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the fourth round, ending her 10-match winning streak in Roland Garros. Former major champions Samantha Stosur, Svetlana Kuznetsova and Venus Williams were also eliminated in the fourth round.


2017 French Open – Day-by-day summaries, Day 10 (6 June)
Play normally started at 14:00 CEST, match suspended at 15:30 due to heavy rain and resumed at 18:30.


2017 French Open – Day-by-day summaries, Day 14 (10 June)
Jeļena Ostapenko became the first Latvian player (male or female) to win a major title and the first unseeded female player since Margaret Scriven in 1933. She also claimed her first ever WTA title by winning the tournament.


2017 French Open – Day-by-day summaries, Day 15 (11 June)
Rafael Nadal became the first male player to win 10 major singles titles in a single Grand Slam event, equally tying Björn Borg's overall men's Grand Slam record without losing a set. He surpassed Pete Sampras' 14 major titles, now second behind Roger Federer.


2017 French Open – Girls' Doubles
Paula Arias Manjón and Olga Danilović were the defending champions, but they lost in the first round to Chen Pei-hsuan and Naho Sato.


2017 French Open – Girls' Doubles
Bianca Andreescu and Carson Branstine won the title, defeating Olesya Pervushina and Anastasia Potapova in the final, 6–1, 6–3.


2017 French Open – Girls' Singles
Rebeka Masarova was the defending champion, but chose not to participate.


2017 French Open – Girls' Singles
Whitney Osuigwe won the title, defeating Claire Liu in the final, 6–4, 6–7(5–7), 6–3. Osuigwe became the first American to win the girls' singles title since Jennifer Capriati in 1989.


2017 French Open – Legends Over 45 Doubles
Sergi Bruguera and Goran Ivanišević were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the round-robin competition.


2017 French Open – Legends Over 45 Doubles
Mansour Bahrami and Fabrice Santoro won the title, defeating Pat Cash and Michael Chang in the final, 7–6(7–3), 6–3.


2017 French Open – Legends Over 45 Doubles, Draw, Group C
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 4) Steering Committee decision.


2017 French Open – Legends Over 45 Doubles, Draw, Group D
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 4) Steering Committee decision.


2017 French Open – Legends Under 45 Doubles
Carlos Moyá and Juan Carlos Ferrero were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the round-robin competition.


2017 French Open – Legends Under 45 Doubles
Sébastien Grosjean and Michaël Llodra won the title, defeating Paul Haarhuis and Andriy Medvedev in the final, 6–4, 3–6, [10–8].


2017 French Open – Legends Under 45 Doubles, Draw, Group A
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 4) Steering Committee decision.


2017 French Open – Legends Under 45 Doubles, Draw, Group B
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 4) Steering Committee decision.


2017 French Open – Men's Doubles
Ryan Harrison and Michael Venus won the Men's Doubles tennis title at the 2017 French Open, defeating Santiago González and Donald Young in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–7(4–7), 6–3. In a rare coincidence, none of the four players had ever previously appeared in the men's doubles finals of a Grand Slam tournament prior to the event.


2017 French Open – Men's Doubles
Feliciano López and Marc López were the defending champions, but lost to Julio Peralta and Horacio Zeballos in the first round.


2017 French Open – Men's Doubles
Henri Kontinen retained the ATP no. 1 doubles ranking at the end of tournament despite he lost in the first round after fellow contenders Nicolas Mahut and Marcelo Melo lost in the first and second rounds, respectively.


2017 French Open – Men's Doubles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2017 French Open – Men's Singles
Rafael Nadal defeated Stan Wawrinka in the final, 6–2, 6–3, 6–1 to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 2017 French Open. It was his record-extending tenth French Open title and 15th major title overall. He became the only man ever to win 10 singles titles at the same major event. He won the title without dropping a set for the third time, thereby tying with Björn Borg for this Major record. He lost only 35 games in the tournament, his personal best, and the second-best in the tournament's history after Borg in 1978.


2017 French Open – Men's Singles
Novak Djokovic was the defending champion, but he lost to Dominic Thiem in the quarterfinals. Djokovic was attempting to become the first man in the Open Era to achieve a double career Grand Slam (he would later achieve this feat in 2021). This was the first time since 2010 that he did not reach at least the semifinals at the French Open, and the first time since 2009 that he lost a French Open match in straight sets.


2017 French Open – Men's Singles
The hard-fought semifinal between Wawrinka and Andy Murray marked the end for both players at the top of the sport, as both suffered injuries that took them out of the game for months from which they did not reclaim their prior preeminence.


2017 French Open – Men's Singles
Nadal became the third man after Ken Rosewall and Pete Sampras to win a major title in his teens, twenties, and thirties.


2017 French Open – Men's Singles
This was the last Grand Slam tournament for former world No. 12 Paul-Henri Mathieu and the last French Open appearance for former three-time quarterfinalist and world No. 9 Nicolás Almagro. It was also the first Grand Slam appearance of future ATP Finals champion Stefanos Tsitsipas, who lost to Ivo Karlović in the first round.


2017 French Open – Men's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2017 French Open – Men's Singles Qualifying
This article displays the qualifying draw for men's singles at the 2017 French Open.


2017 French Open – Mixed Doubles
Gabriela Dabrowski and Rohan Bopanna won the Mixed Doubles tennis title at the 2017 French Open, defeating Anna-Lena Grönefeld and Robert Farah in the final, 2–6, 6–2, [12–10].


2017 French Open – Mixed Doubles
Martina Hingis and Leander Paes were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Katarina Srebotnik and Raven Klaasen.


2017 French Open – Wheelchair Men's Doubles
Shingo Kunieda and Gordon Reid were the defending champions, but chose not to play together. Kunieda played alongside Stefan Olsson, but lost in the semifinals to Stéphane Houdet and Nicolas Peifer.


2017 French Open – Wheelchair Men's Doubles
Houdet and Peifer went on to win the title, defeating Alfie Hewett and Reid in the final, 6–4, 6–3.


2017 French Open – Wheelchair Men's Singles
Gustavo Fernández was the defending champion, but lost in the final to Alfie Hewett, 6–0, 6–7(9–11), 2–6.


2017 French Open – Wheelchair Women's Doubles
Yui Kamiji and Jordanne Whiley were the defending champions, but chose not to play together. Whiley played alongside Diede de Groot, but lost in the semifinals to Marjolein Buis and Kamiji.


2017 French Open – Wheelchair Women's Doubles
Buis and Kamiji went on to win the title, defeating Jiske Griffioen and Aniek van Koot in the final, 6–3, 7–5.


2017 French Open – Wheelchair Women's Singles
Marjolein Buis was the defending champion, but lost to Yui Kamiji in the semifinals.


2017 French Open – Wheelchair Women's Singles
Yui Kamiji won the title after defeating Sabine Ellerbrock 7–5, 6–4 in the final.


2017 French Open – Women's Doubles
Caroline Garcia and Kristina Mladenovic were the defending champions, but Garcia chose not to participate this year. Mladenovic played alongside Svetlana Kuznetsova, but lost in the third round to Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Lucie Šafářová.


2017 French Open – Women's Doubles
Mattek-Sands and Šafářová went on to win their second French Open title and their third successive Grand Slam title, defeating Ashleigh Barty and Casey Dellacqua in the final, 6–2, 6–1.


2017 French Open – Women's Doubles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2017 French Open – Women's Legends Doubles
Lindsay Davenport and Martina Navratilova were the defending champions, but lost to Tracy Austin and Kim Clijsters in the final, 3–6, 6–3, [5–10].


2017 French Open – Women's Legends Doubles, Draw, Group A
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 4) Steering Committee decision.


2017 French Open – Women's Legends Doubles, Draw, Group B
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 4) Steering Committee decision.


2017 French Open – Women's Singles
Jeļena Ostapenko defeated Simona Halep in the final, 4–6, 6–4, 6–3 to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 2017 French Open. This was Ostapenko's first WTA Tour-level singles title. She became the first Latvian player, male or female, to win a Grand Slam singles tournament, the youngest woman to win the French Open since 1997 and the first woman since Barbara Jordan at the 1979 Australian Open to win a Grand Slam as her first tour-level singles title. Ostapenko was the first unseeded woman to win a Grand Slam since Kim Clijsters in the 2009 US Open. She was also the first unseeded woman to reach the French Open final since Mima Jaušovec in 1983, the first unseeded woman to win the French Open since Margaret Scriven in 1933, and as well as the lowest-ranked (47) since computer rankings began in 1975.


2017 French Open – Women's Singles
Garbiñe Muguruza was the defending champion but was defeated in the fourth round by Kristina Mladenovic.


2017 French Open – Women's Singles
It was the first time at the French Open since 1977, and any Grand Slam since the 1979 Australian Open that no former Grand Slam champion reached the quarterfinals.


2017 French Open – Women's Singles
As a result of Halep's loss in the final, Angelique Kerber retained the WTA No. 1 singles ranking even though she lost in the first round. Kerber's loss marked the first time the top women's seed had lost her first-round match at the French Open in the Open Era, and the first time this had happened at any Grand Slam tournament since the 2001 Wimbledon Championships.


2017 French Open – Women's Singles
This was the first French Open since 2011 to feature neither Maria Sharapova nor Serena Williams in the final. This was the first Grand Slam tournament to feature neither player since the 2002 Australian Open. Serena was not there due to pregnancy and Maria had been temporarily banned for doping.


2017 French Open – Women's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2017 French Pacific Junior Men's Handball Cup
The 2017 Junior Men's French Pacific Handball Championship was held in Bluesky Sports Arena, Rarotonga, Cook Islands on 3 August, 2017 during the 2017 Oceania Men's Handball Challenge Trophy.


2017 French Pacific Junior Men's Handball Cup
The competition participants Tahiti, and New Caledonia. Wallis and Futuna did not send a team.


2017 French Road Cycling Cup
The 2017 French Road Cycling Cup was the 26th edition of the French Road Cycling Cup. Compared to the previous season, the same 16 events were part of the cup with the exception of Cholet-Pays de Loire, which was not held due to a dispute between the race organiser and the mayor of Cholet. The defending champion from the previous season was Samuel Dumoulin.


2017 French Road Cycling Cup
The 2017 edition was won by Laurent Pichon, who took the lead already after the second event and kept it until the end.


2017 French Road Cycling Cup, Final cup standings, Individual
All competing riders are eligible for this classification, not only those that are French or compete for a French-licensed team as was the case until 2015.


2017 French Road Cycling Cup, Final cup standings, Young rider classification
All riders younger than 25 are eligible for this classification, not only those that are French or compete for a French-licensed team as was the case until 2015.


2017 French Road Cycling Cup, Final cup standings, Teams
Only French teams are eligible to be classified in the teams classification.


2017 French Senate election
Senatorial elections have been held on 24 September 2017 to renew 170 of 348 seats in the Senate of the French Fifth Republic.


2017 French Senate election, Organization, Senators concerned
Since 2011, the French Senate has been renewed, using two series, every three years. The senatorial elections on 24 September 2017 concern 170 outgoing senators within series 1 across 44 constituencies in addition to half the seats of senators representing French residents overseas. Specifically, the renewal includes seats representing 38 metropolitan departments numbered between 37 (Indre-et-Loire) and 66 (Pyrénées-Orientales), the departments of Île-de-France, four overseas departments (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Réunion, and Mayotte), two overseas collectivities (Saint Pierre and Miquelon and New Caledonia), and 6 of 12 sieges of senators representing French residents overseas. Of these seats, 136 are elected proportionally and 34 by majority. The vacant series 2 seat in Savoie will be filled separately with a by-election also held on 24 September.


2017 French Senate election, Organization, Electoral system
Two methods are used to elect senators. The two-round majority vote is used in constituencies which elect 1 or 2 senators, affecting 18 constituencies and 34 seats in the 2017 elections. The candidate and their alternate must be of a different sex. In order to be elected in the first round, a candidate must secure an absolute majority of votes and a number of votes equal to at least a quarter of electors. If not, a second round is organized, in which case a relative majority will be enough for a candidate to be elected.


2017 French Senate election, Organization, Electoral system
In case of a tie, the oldest of the candidates is elected. Proportional representation is used in constituencies electing 3 or more senators; in the case of the 2017 elections, this affects 26 constituencies and 130 seats, in addition to the 6 seats for senators representing French residents overseas. Each list must be composed alternately of candidates of each sex.


2017 French Senate election, Organization, Electoral system
Senators are elected through indirect universal suffrage by an electoral college composed of deputies, senators, regional councillors elected within a department, councillors of the Corsican Assembly designated under conditions set out within the electoral code, councillors of the Guianese Assembly, councillors of the Martinican Assembly, and departmental councillors. Delegates of municipal councils, however, make up the large majority of the electoral college, representing 95% of the 162,000 electors. The number of delegates of the municipal councils depends on the municipal population authenticated on 1 January 2014 by the census. Delegates must be French nationals and be registered on the electoral list of the municipality in question.


2017 French Senate election, Organization, Candidates
The minimum age for candidates in the senatorial elections is 24 years. After the 2014 renewal, the average age of senators was 61 years. Since the law on the accumulation of mandates of 14 February 2014, parliamentary mandates have been considered incompatible with local executive functions (president or vice-president of regional or departmental councils, mayor or deputies to mayors, and similar offices). This rule applies to all senators elected, re-elected, or in office as of 2 October 2017.


2017 French Senate election, Results, Election of president
Gérard Larcher was re-elected president of the Senate on 2 October 2017, challenged only by Didier Guillaume and Éliane Assassi.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary
The French Socialist Party held a two-round presidential primary to select a candidate for the 2017 presidential election on 22 and 29 January 2017. It was the second open primary (primaires citoyennes) held by the center-left coalition, after the primary in 2011 in which François Hollande defeated Martine Aubry to become the Socialist nominee. Hollande went on to defeat incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy in the 2012 presidential election. However, because of his low approval rating, he announced that he would not seek re-election, becoming the first president of the Fifth Republic to decide not to run for a second term. The primary was contested by seven candidates, four from the Socialist Party and three representing other parties part of the left-wing electoral alliance (la Belle Alliance populaire).


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary
The three frontrunners in the first round of the primary were Manuel Valls, who served as Hollande's Prime Minister from 2014 to 2016 and interior minister from 2012 to 2014; Benoît Hamon, Minister of National Education in 2014; and Arnaud Montebourg, Minister of the Economy, Production Recovery and the Digital Sector from 2012 to 2014. On 22 January, Hamon received 36.03% and Valls 31.48% of the vote in the first round and advanced to the runoff, far ahead of all other candidates and well ahead of Montebourg, who was eliminated and immediately endorsed Hamon. In the runoff, Hamon easily defeated Valls, beating the ex-PM by nearly 20 percentage points, and officially took the mantle as nominee of the PS in the 2017 presidential election.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background
At the 2012 Toulouse Congress, the Socialist Party (PS) modified its statutes to guarantee the selection of a candidate of the left through open primaries, with the National Council of the Socialist Party announcing the timetable and organization of the primaries at least one year beforehand. On 11 January, Libération published an editorial in favor of a "primary of the left and ecologists", and on 9 April the National Council of the Socialist Party unanimously approved the idea of holding such a primary in early December.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background
The same day, Europe Ecology – The Greens (EELV) adopted a motion saying that it would "welcome with interest" such a primary, but withheld formal support. On 18 June, the National Council finally confirmed that it would organize a primary to select a candidate for the 2017 presidential election. Applications could be submitted from 1 to 15 December, with two rounds of voting planned for 22 and 29 January 2017. Under the rules of the primary, candidates of the PS, Radical Party of the Left (PRG), and pro-government ex-EELV forces – i.e., the Ecologist Party (PE) and Union of Democrats and Ecologists (UDE) – in addition to all those who supported the primary process.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background
The PRG suspended its participation in the Belle Alliance populaire (BAP) of left-wing forces on 29 June 2016, denouncing the Socialist Party's unilateral decision to run a primary, and arguing that the BAP should not become a "simple satellite movement of the Socialist Party". On 2 July, the delegates of the BAP unanimously approved the organization of the primary.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background
The PRG voted to support the candidacy of its party leader Sylvia Pinel, outside the primary, on 26 November, but on 6 December Pinel announced that she would ultimately run in the primary of the left, a decision the party's steering committee confirmed on 14 December.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background
Prospective PS candidates were required to sign the primary's charter of ethics requiring candidates to rally behind its winner and to secure the support of 5% of one of the following groups: members of the National Council; Socialist parliamentarians, regional and departmental Socialist councilors in at least 4 regions and 10 departments; or Socialist mayors representing more than 10,000 people in at least 4 regions and 10 departments. The conditions for becoming a candidate of other member parties of the BAP – the PRG, UDE, PE, and Democratic Front (FD) – were determined by the respective parties' leadership.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background
The EELV declared on 20 June that it would not participate in the primary, and the French Communist Party (PCF) did likewise the following day. After declaring his candidacy for the presidential election, Emmanuel Macron of En Marche! also declined to participate, as did Jean-Luc Mélenchon under the banner of La France Insoumise, saying that he did not want to run in a primary with François Hollande since he would not be able to support Hollande if he won.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background
He later reaffirmed this by saying that with the exclusion of the EELV and PRG the primary was not truly "of the left" but a "primary of the Socialist Party". On 1 December, Hollande declared that he would not seek a second term, becoming the first President of the Fifth Republic to renounce a reelection bid. His announcement reflected his high personal unpopularity and resentment among Socialist colleagues regarding remarks he made about cabinet members and other associates in the book Un président ne devrait pas dire ça... (A president should not say that...) by Gérard Davet and Fabrice Lhomme, journalists at Le Monde.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background
On 17 December, the High Authority of the open primary declared that seven candidates qualified to appear on the ballot, including four from the Socialist Party – former Prime Minister Manuel Valls, Arnaud Montebourg, Benoît Hamon, and Vincent Peillon – the other three being François de Rugy of the PE, Sylvia Pinel of the PRG, and Jean-Luc Bennahmias of the PD.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Candidacies
Former economy minister Arnaud Montebourg, who also ran for the nomination of the Socialists in 2011, was one of the first to declare interest in a speech at Mont Beuvray on 16 May 2016, widely viewed as indicating his interest in running for the presidency, in which he issued a "call" to "build" a "great alternative project for France" to an audience of 200 Socialist Party militants.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Candidacies
Among those in attendance were former minister Aurélie Filippetti, as well as MPs Christian Paul, chief among the party's rebels, having had a part in the foundation of the New Socialist Party caucus along with Montebourg, Laurent Baumel and Patrice Prat. Montebourg officially declared his candidacy on 16 August, decrying Hollande's betrayal of the "ideals of the left" in Frangy-en-Bresse in his home département of Saône-et-Loire, and laid out an anti-globalization campaign platform based on protectionism for French businesses, threats to nationalize predatory banks, and tax breaks for the middle class, themes which became central to his campaign. These themes were reflective of his combative tenure as economy minister, in which he threatened to nationalize divisions of ArcelorMittal and attempted but ultimately failed to prevent General Electric's partial acquisition of French multinational Alstom.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Candidacies
Former French education minister Benoît Hamon, another founder of the New Socialist Party caucus, declared his candidacy on the same day, arguing that Hollande could "no longer earn the French people's trust" and proposed to raise the minimum wage, to further reduce the 35-hour workweek instituted by the Socialists in 2000 to 32 hours, a €35 billion stimulus for the French economy, and legalizing marijuana. His signature campaign plan, however, was his intention to introduce a €300–400 billion universal basic income program funded by a tax on robots, equivalent to a monthly income of approximately €750 per person.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Candidacies
Like Montebourg, he was ejected from the Socialist government by prime minister Manuel Valls in a wider purge of left-wing dissenters after the fall of the First Valls Government in August 2014. On 1 December 2016, incumbent President François Hollande announced in a televised address from the Élysée Palace that he would not seek a second term in office, clearing the way for Valls to enter the race, who subsequently announced his candidacy on 5 December.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Candidacies
Valls, Montebourg, and Hamon ultimately became the main three contenders for the Socialist nomination, but several other candidates ultimately participated in the primary. Former Minister of National Education Vincent Peillon made a late bid to become the Socialist nominee, announcing his candidacy on 11 December, returning from a two-and-a-half-year residency in Switzerland in which he taught philosophy at the University of Neuchâtel and wrote novels; his bid contrasts with those of Montebourg and Hamon, representing the mainstream Socialist Party as opposed to its left-wing rebels.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Candidacies
Three other candidates, not of the Socialist Party, also ran in the primary as members of the parties of la Belle Alliance Populaire, a left-wing grouping. Among these were MP François de Rugy, representing the Ecologist Party which he founded along with Senator Jean-Vincent Placé after leaving the EELV in August 2015 over concerns about the party pandering to its left wing; Sylvia Pinel of the Radical Party of the Left (PRG), and Jean-Luc Bennahmias, who left the Democratic Movement to found his own centre-left party, the Democratic Front.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Candidacies
Several other candidates also filed petitions to run in the primary, including Senator Marie-Noëlle Lienemann, Gérard Filoche, Fabien Verdier, and Pierre Larrouturou. Despite initially contemplating running, Lienemann decided not to run in the primary on 9 December, worried about the splitting of votes between candidates of the party's left wing – Montebourg and Hamon – and urging them to unite forces. Although she stated that she faced pressure to withdraw her candidacy, these pressures were not a factor in her recusal from the primary.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Candidacies
Filoche, a trade unionist, failed to secure the necessary number of sponsors to enter the primary (though he attempted to lodge a challenge against the decision of the High Authority), as did Verdier. Both men claimed that, because they represented other left-wing parties (Parti politique Filoche2017 and Convictions, respectively), they were not bound by the requirement to seek sufficient support, as with Pinel, de Rugy, and Bennahmias; nevertheless, the decision to exclude both was reaffirmed. Larrouturou's application was rejected because his New Deal party was not a member of the left-wing alliance for the primary, as were those of Bastien Faudot of the Citizen and Republican Movement and Sébastien Nadot of the Movement of Progressives.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
The unpopularity of incumbent president Hollande led to widespread speculation as to whether he would choose to run for re-election, facing fierce competition within his own party in the Socialist primary; when he ultimately renounced his candidacy on 1 December 2016, he cleared the way for prime minister Manuel Valls to enter the field on 5 December.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
Valls, considered the "natural successor" to Hollande and whose attempts to modernize the Socialist Party have been characterized as similar to those of Tony Blair with the British Labour Party, earned a reputation for his law-and-order approach as prime minister, instituting business-friendly supply-side reforms and taking a tough position on migration, at one point even questioning whether Islam was compatible with the French Republic; all these views placed him well to the right wing of his party. Valls' important role in Hollande's government resulted in him becoming similarly unpopular, even within his own party and on the left.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
On 15 December, he declared that if elected president, he would abolish article 49-3, an executive degree enshrined within the Constitution of France. He controversially used it as prime minister to force laws through the National Assembly, bypassing legislative approval, to send them directly to the Senate, and his repudiation of the 49-3 was met with derision, Valls having used it to force through controversial labour reforms in the El Khomri law and the reformist Macron law, moves often described as indicative of his authoritarian tendencies.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
Valls further attempted to portray himself as a candidate "profoundly of the left" by backing down on his earlier tough tone towards labour, promising not to institute any further reforms to France's 35-hour workweek – beloved by the French left – nor its labour laws, instead taking an anti-austerity tone; despite this, his campaign was overshadowed by past policies such as the abolition of the wealth tax.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
Unveiling his platform on 3 January 2017, he proposed a 2.5% increase in public spending contingent on annual economic growth of 1.9% while keeping the deficit below the 3% of GDP requirement mandated by the Stability and Growth Pact, the creation a "decent income" of €800 for all adult French nationals, halving the gender pay gap in France, a "pause" in the enlargement of the European Union, the addition of a charter of secularism to the Constitution, and the consolidation of the nuclear industry.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
Valls was physically attacked twice during the campaign; the first incident occurred on 22 December 2016, in which he was flour-bombed by a protester screaming "We do not forget the 49-3. We don't forgive it," a reference to his claim that he would abolish the constitutional provision he twice used to bypass legislative approval, during a visit to a Christmas market in Strasbourg. The second incident, on 17 January 2017, involved an apparent Breton nationalist who slapped him during a campaign stop in Lamballe; although Valls initially brushed the episode off, saying "it's nothing," he later made to press charges, saying "Democracy cannot be about violence."


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
Valls' most prominent opponent was initially considered to be former economy minister Arnaud Montebourg, who formally unveiled his platform in Paris on 3 January. The left-wing firebrand proclaimed that French employees should receive wage rises equivalent to executives' in order to constrain corporate pay and called for a "supertax" on banks to raise €5 billion a year. Challenged by former education minister Benoît Hamon, who argued that the focus on economic growth and employment is misplaced, Montebourg argued that the prior was a "necessity" and claimed that he "challenged the theory of the end of work."


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
He also criticized a perceived European obsession with austerity, condemning it as the cause of the country's persistently high rates of unemployment and dismal economic growth, promising to "liberate the French from European-imposed austerity."


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
He also pledged during the campaign that he would not comply with EU deficit rules, in contrast to Valls, embark upon an "economic patriotism" (described as protectionism by some observers), reserve 80 percent of government contracts for French small businesses, reinstate border controls, repeal the El Khomri jobs bill, defend small domestic businesses, warn that he might engage in a trade war against China, and support a €30 billion infrastructure plan.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
Montebourg's months-long position in second place, however, was challenged by a surge of support for Benoît Hamon, with the primary becoming a three-man race between Valls, Hamon, and Montebourg by mid-January. Hamon's strongly left-wing program of legalizing cannabis, taxing robots to fund a universal basic income, and reducing the 35-hour workweek to 32 hours, attracted many left-wing voters disillusioned by the Socialists' turn toward business-friendly policies, championed under Hollande's presidency by the likes of Valls and Macron.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
The former education minister's late rise was likened to that of François Fillon in the primary of the centre-right Republicans party, his rise propelled by his championing of left-wing values and vision of a society that spends less time working, enjoys higher pay, and emphasizes the importance GDP growth less. Hamon has also decried "neoconservatives" and "even those on the left" who wished to restrict the rights of French Muslims, a less-than-subtle denunciation of Valls's hardline stance on immigration.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
His proposal for a universal income has been his signature policy; in the final primary debate, he insisted that it "creates work" and "allows employees to reduce their workdays, and it can further contract and eradicate poverty," and post-debate polls indicated left-wing voters consistently viewed Hamon as being the most convincing candidate.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Campaign
Three debates were held before the first round of the primary. The first, syndicated by TF1, Public Sénat, LCI, RTL, and co-organized by L'Observateur, aired at 21:00 CET on 12 January, moderated by Gilles Bouleau, Élizabeth Martichoux, and Matthieu Croissandeau; the second, by BFM TV, RMC, and I-TV, aired at 18:00 CET on 15 January, moderated by Ruth Elkrief, Laurence Ferrari, and Laurent Neumann; the third, by France 2, Europe 1, LCP, TV5Monde, and regional daily newspapers, aired at 21:00 CET on 19 January, moderated by David Pujadas, Léa Salamé, and Fabien Namias. The first debate attracted 3.83 million viewers, representing an audience share of 18.3%; the second 1.75 million, representing a share of 7.9%; and the third 3.07 million, a share of 15%.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, First round
Hamon came on top in the first round of the primary, followed by Valls; as neither of the two secured more than 50% of the vote, a second round was held on 29 January. Montebourg, relegated to third place, conceded defeat and pledged to vote for Hamon in the second round. Peillon came fourth, de Rugy fifth, Pinel sixth, and Bennahmias last.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, First round
Of these four candidates, Pinel backed Valls in the second round; Peillon did not endorse but encouraged voters to mobilize; and de Rugy also chose not to endorse immediately afterwards, hoping to meet the top two contenders on 23 January to decide. Only 7,350 polling stations were open during the primary, compared to 9,425 in the 2011 primary and 10,228 in the primary of the right. Meanwhile, Bennahmias, with just over 1% of the primary vote, did not initially endorse any candidate and expressed his intent to announce a decision on 25 January; he ultimately backed Valls.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, First round
An overnight update of the official primary results published 10:00 CET on 23 January added approximately three hundred thousand votes, without any change in the vote share of any candidate, arousing suspicions among observers and the French press. Two hours later, an update to the total of votes obtained by Sylvia Pinel was published, increasing her vote share by 0.01% (i.e., 160 additional votes). However, the total number of votes for Pinel increased by 161, more than the total number of overall votes, with changes to no other candidates.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, First round
The results were initially speculated to have been manipulated into inflate the apparent turnout, which was low compared to past primaries. The PS initially attributed the results to a "bug", but later conceded that it had been a result of "human error." However, the French press remained skeptical, noting the improbability of a nearly-identical 28% increase in votes for all seven candidates.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, First round
There was also additional confusion, even prior to reports about the potential manipulation of vote totals, surrounding the number of polling stations open (which, according to PS, is fewer than 7,350 because many were merged with others) and the vagueness of PS officials on primary turnout, compounded by the fact that no comprehensive public record of primary results was published.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Second round
The second round runoff was held on 29 January between Benoît Hamon and Manuel Valls. An additional debate was held before the second round, syndicated between France Inter, TF1, and France 2 at 21:00 CET on 25 January, moderated by Gilles Bouleau, David Pujadas, and Alexandra Bensaid, after which an Elabe poll found that 60% of viewers were most convinced by Hamon, compared to 37% for Valls; the margin was 61–36 among left-wing sympathizers.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Second round
In the second round of the primary on 29 January, Hamon defeated Valls, by a comfortable margin, with 58.69% of votes against 41.31%; turnout, at 2.05 million, was considerably higher than that in the first round. As the winner of the primary, Hamon was designated the Socialist nominee for the presidential election.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Aftermath
On 22 February, François de Rugy announced his support for Emmanuel Macron, breaking the commitment requested of former candidates to back the winner of the primary, stating that he preferred "coherence to obedience," albeit acknowledging that Hamon was the legitimate nominee of the PS. On 13 March, Le Parisien reported that Valls, rather than backing Socialist nominee Benoît Hamon, would urge voters to support Macron in the first round of the presidential election; Valls denied the report at the time, but declared on 29 March that he personally would vote for Macron, but did not rally behind his candidacy.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Background, Aftermath
On 15 March, the PRG announced its support for Hamon's candidacy, securing concessions on issues pertaining to European governance, and confirmed an agreement with the Socialist Party for the legislative elections; this followed a period of hesitation after the primary in which the party contemplated the candidacy of Macron, who secured the support of several of its parliamentarians.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Non-candidates
Twenty-four applications were filed with the High Authority for the left-wing primary, but not all were made public; of these, several were disqualified for not securing enough sponsors under the rules of the primary.


2017 French Socialist Party presidential primary, Non-candidates
Several other individuals filed applications which were rejected as they were not members of PS, UDE, PE, or FD.


2017 French Super Series
The 2017 French Super Series was the tenth Super Series tournament of the 2017 BWF Super Series. The tournament took place at Stade Pierre de Coubertin in Paris, France from October 24 – 29, 2017 and had a total purse of $325,000.


2017 French legislative election
Legislative elections were held on 11 and 18 June 2017 (with different dates for voters overseas) to elect the 577 members of the 15th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic. They followed the two-round presidential election won by Emmanuel Macron. The centrist party he founded in 2016, La République En Marche! (LREM), led an alliance with the centrist Democratic Movement (MoDem); together, the two parties won 350 of the 577 seats – a substantial majority – in the National Assembly, including an outright majority of 308 seats for LREM.


2017 French legislative election
The Socialist Party (PS) was reduced to 30 seats and the Republicans (LR) reduced to 112 seats, and both parties' allies also suffered from a marked drop in support; these were the lowest-ever scores for the centre-left and centre-right in the legislative elections. The movement founded by Jean-Luc Mélenchon, la France Insoumise (FI), secured 17 seats, enough for a group in the National Assembly. Among other major parties, the French Communist Party (PCF) secured ten and the National Front (FN) obtained eight seats. Both rounds of the legislative election were marked by record low turnout.


2017 French legislative election
In total, 206 MPs lost reelection and 424 (75%) of elected MPs were new members. There was a record number of women elected. The average age of parliamentarians decreased from 54 to 48. Ludovic Pajot from the National Rally became the new Baby of the House, being elected at the age of 23.


2017 French legislative election
Édouard Philippe, appointed as Prime Minister by Macron following his victory in the presidential election, was reappointed following the second round of the legislative elections and presented his second government by 21 June. The 15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic commenced on 27 June.


2017 French legislative election, Background
In France, the legislative election takes place about a month after the second round of the presidential election, held on 7 May. Prior to 2002, the presidential and legislative elections were not always held in the same year; following the victory of the UMP in the 2002 legislative elections, the two were synchronized to minimize the risk of cohabitation.


2017 French legislative election, Background
In the first round of the presidential election, on 23 April, Emmanuel Macron of En Marche! and Marine Le Pen of the National Front (FN) advanced to the runoff after placing first and second, respectively, and were followed closely by François Fillon of the Republicans (LR) and Jean-Luc Mélenchon of la France Insoumise (FI). In the first round, Macron led in 240 constituencies, against 216 for Le Pen, 67 for Mélenchon, and 54 for Fillon.


2017 French legislative election, Background
Macron won the second round on 7 May against Le Pen, securing 66.1% of valid votes.


2017 French legislative election, Background
Upon the close of nominations for the legislative election, the Ministry of the Interior published a final list on 23 May containing a total of 7,882 candidates, with an average of 14 candidates within each constituency.


2017 French legislative election, Background
The 2017 legislative election was the first held after the legal abolition of the dual mandate in France in 2014; deputies will no longer be allowed to concurrently serve in local government, frequently as mayors, upon election to the National Assembly.


2017 French legislative election, Electoral system
The 577 members of the National Assembly are elected using a two-round system with single-member constituencies. Candidates for the legislative elections had five days, from Monday 15 May to 18:00 on Friday 19 May, to declare and register their candidacy. The official campaign ran from 22 May to 10 June at midnight, while the campaign for the second round runs from 12 June at midnight to 17 June at midnight, with eligible candidates required to declare their presence by 18:00 CEST on 13 June.


2017 French legislative election, Electoral system
To be elected in the first round, a candidate was required to secure an absolute majority of votes cast, and also to secure votes equal to at least 25% of eligible voters in their constituency. Should none of the candidates satisfy these conditions, a second round of voting ensues. Only first-round candidates with the support of at least 12.5% of eligible voters are allowed to participate, but if only 1 candidate meets that standard the two candidates with the highest number of votes in the first round may continue to the second round. In the 2017 election, four deputies were elected in the first round. In the second round, the candidate with a plurality is elected. Of the 577 constituencies, 539 are in metropolitan France, 27 are in overseas departments and territories and 11 are for French citizens living abroad.


2017 French legislative election, Electoral system
Voting in the first round took place from 08:00 to 18:00 (local time) on Saturday 3 June in French Polynesia and at French diplomatic missions in the Americas, and on Sunday 4 June at French diplomatic missions outside the Americas. Voting in the French overseas departments and territories in the Americas (i.e. French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, and Saint Pierre and Miquelon) took place from 08:00 to 18:00 (local time) on Saturday 10 June. Voting in metropolitan France (as well as the French overseas departments and territories of Mayotte, New Caledonia, Réunion and Wallis and Futuna) took place from 08:00 to 18:00 or 20:00 (local time) on Sunday 11 June.


2017 French legislative election, Electoral system
Voting in the second round took place on Saturday 17 June from 08:00 to 18:00 (local time) in the French overseas departments and territories situated east of the International Date Line and west of metropolitan France (i.e. French Guiana, French Polynesia, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin and Saint Pierre and Miquelon), as well as at French diplomatic missions in the Americas. Voting in metropolitan France (as well as the French overseas departments and territories of Mayotte, New Caledonia, Réunion and Wallis and Futuna, and French diplomatic missions outside the Americas) takes place from 08:00 to 18:00 or 20:00 (local time) on Sunday 18 June.


2017 French legislative election, Electoral system
The 15th National Assembly convened on 27 June at 15:00 CEST.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem
En Marche!, the movement founded by Emmanuel Macron, who won the presidential election under its banner, planned to run candidates in all 577 constituencies under the banner of "La République En Marche! ", of which at least half were planned to be from civil society – the other half having previously held political office – and half women. No "double investiture" was permitted, though the original requirement of prospective candidates to leave their previous political party was waived by Macron on 5 May.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem
In addition to those parameters, he specified in his initial press conference on 19 January that he would require that candidates demonstrate "probity" (disqualifying any prospective candidates with a criminal record), "political plurality" (representing the threads of the movement), and "efficacy". Those wishing to seek the investiture of En Marche! were required to sign up online, and the movement received nearly 15,000 applications by late April. For nominations sought by those in the political world, the popularity, establishment, and ability to appear in the media of applicants are also considered, with the most difficult cases adjudicated by Macron himself. To represent themselves under the label of La République En Marche!, however, outgoing deputies must decide to leave the Socialist Party (PS) or the Republicans (LR).


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem
After his victory in the presidential election, Macron resigned his post as president of En Marche!, with Catherine Barbaroux appointed as interim president. The movement, renamed, presented candidates under the label of "La République En Marche! "; though the full list of 577 investitures was to be published on 11 May, Jean-Paul Delevoye, president of the investiture commission, later indicated that the total published that day would be "about 450".


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem
The delay was attributed to an influx of applications following Macron's victory in the presidential election – more than a thousand, bringing the total to over 16,000 – with additional complexity arising from the interest of former Prime Minister Manuel Valls in standing as a La République En Marche! candidate without either submitting an application or leaving the Socialist Party. Since the announcement that "La République En Marche!" would be transformed into a formal political party, however, the conditions of securing an investiture tightened considerably, with candidates expected to be "administratively" attached to the party to prevent public funding (distributed on the basis of electoral results) from being received by the PS or the Republicans.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem
The initial list of 428 investitures was revealed on 11 May, with exact gender parity (214 men and 214 women), with 94% of candidates not outgoing deputies; 93% employed, 2% looking for work, 4% retired, 1% students; 52% from civil society; an average age of 46 (the youngest being 24 and oldest being 62), compared to 60 for outgoing deputies; and 24 current deputies, mostly Socialists, invested under the label of La République En Marche! The total number of remaining investitures to be concluded is 148. No candidate was invested against Valls.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem
Numerous candidates were invested in error, including Mourad Boudjellal, François Pupponi, and Augustin Augier, who did not apply; Stéphane Saint-André, an outgoing PRG deputy who renounced his investiture and raised concerns about the potential appointment of Édouard Philippe as prime minister; and Thierry Robert, an outgoing deputy who contravened the requirement of not having a criminal history.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem
The list was further updated on 15 May with an additional 83 candidates, of which half were proposed by the MoDem, bringing the overall total to 511, and leaving 66 constituencies to be decided, of which about 30 are reserved for figures on the right and left who expressed support for Macron's project and most of the rest constituencies for overseas departments; ultimately, 51 constituencies with outgoing deputies on both the left and right considered "Macron-compatible" were not contested; Delevoye stated that some twenty constituencies for overseas France were frozen due to local party financing peculiarities, with other vacated constituencies for other political personalities apparently interested in joining in the presidential majority.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem
On 15 May, Édouard Philippe, a deputy of the Republicans, was appointed as Prime Minister. After the selection of ministers to the newly formed government on 17 May, the movement announced that it would not invest candidates in 56 constituencies, hoping to protect a number of those on the left and right who had expressed support but not rallied, with the possibility of adjustments before the deadline on 19 May. Appointed ministers contesting the legislative elections were obligated to resign if not elected: namely, Christophe Castaner, Marielle de Sarnez, Richard Ferrand, Annick Girardin, Bruno Le Maire, and Mounir Mahjoubi; all six were eventually elected.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem, MoDem
After François Bayrou endorsed Macron in February, the Democratic Movement (MoDem), which he leads, was reportedly to receive 90 constituencies, of which 50 were considered winnable, for its candidates. However, hours of the publication of the initial list, Bayrou indicated that it did not have the "approval" of the MoDem, unsatisfied with the number of constituencies for MoDem candidates, and appealed to Macron to permit joint investitures and planned to convene the political bureau of his party on 12 May.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem, MoDem
He was also unhappy with what he called a "recycling operation of the PS"; according to a tally by MoDem officials, among the 428 investitures announced, 153 were granted to PS/ex-PS/PRG, 38 to the MoDem, 25 to LR or miscellaneous right, 15 to UDI/ex-UDI, and 197 to civil society figures. On 12 May, Bayrou announced that he had secured a "solid and balanced" draft agreement, claiming that his party would ultimately obtain a bit more than a hundred investitures.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem, MoDem
A MoDem candidate replaced Gaspard Gantzer, former communications advisor to Hollande, in Ille-et-Vilaine's 2nd constituency after fierce objections by local activists and his renunciation of the investiture, which he claimed he did not apply for, and mayor of Mont-de-Marsan Geneviève Darrieussecq and Senator Leila Aïchi, both members of the MoDem executive bureau, received investitures.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La République En Marche! and MoDem, MoDem
Bayrou's party hopes to elect at least 15 deputies, necessary for the formation of a parliamentary group in the National Assembly; additionally, to be reimbursed for expenses, the party must receive at least 1% of the vote in at least 50 constituencies where it is present. Public financing is also allocated as a function of the number of elected officials, hence the ambitions of the MoDem.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, The Republicans (LR) and UDI
On 2 May, François Baroin was appointed by the political bureau of the Republicans (LR) to head the campaign for the legislative elections. A week before, he said that he would be available to serve as Prime Minister in a cohabitation government under Emmanuel Macron and considered it impossible not to run on the same program as its defeated presidential candidate François Fillon, who was eliminated in the first round of the presidential election, in the legislative elections. Baroin has indicated pessimism with regard to the prospects of the Republicans in the legislative elections, saying "At 150 [seats] is good.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, The Republicans (LR) and UDI
From 100 to 150 is not bad. Below 100 is a failure." The platform of the Republicans for the legislative election, published on 10 May, breaks with that of its defeated Fillon, who was eliminated in the first round, on several points. Though it preserved the plans to eliminate the 35-hour workweek and reform to the solidarity tax on wealth (ISF) on which he campaigned, it differed on terrorism, immigration, family, and European policy. The party ran in alliance with the Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI), whose executive bureau on 7 March approved an accord with the Republicans reserving them 96 constituencies, including the 28 seats currently held by outgoing deputies, and preparing primaries in 42 constituencies between UDI and LR candidates.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, The Republicans (LR) and UDI
On 15 May, some 173 LR and UDI elected officials and personalities, including Jean-Louis Borloo, Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet, Christian Estrosi, and Thierry Solère, appealed to their fellows to "respond to the hand extended by the president", after which the Republicans published a counter-appeal, insisting that "France needs more than ever a majority of the right and centre in the National Assembly".


2017 French legislative election, Parties, The Republicans (LR) and UDI
On 20 May, Baroin launched the campaign of the Republicans at the Bois de Vincennes, determined to impose cohabitation upon Macron and provide him with the "majority needed by France", a goal complicated by the inclusion of LR personalities in the formation the cabinet, and principally by the selection of Édouard Philippe as Prime Minister. In his speech, Baroin made his case for a "majority without ambiguity, without pretense. A real majority and not a majority of circumstances, meetings, and personal ambitions", describing the legislative elections before an audience of nearly 2,000 as "the mother of battles".


2017 French legislative election, Parties, The Republicans (LR) and UDI
Meanwhile, the appointment of three LR personalities as ministers in the government – Édouard Philippe, Bruno Le Maire, and Gérald Darmanin – in its attempt at a recomposition of politics infringed upon the space occupied by the party. Emphasizing that many mobilized merely against Le Pen and not for Macron, he wielded the party's program, borrowing elements from that of Fillon's.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, National Front (FN)
The National Front (FN), led by Marine Le Pen, ended its pre-investitures for the legislative elections in December 2016. The average age of the candidates is 47 years, with near-gender parity and almost 80% of candidates already having a local mandate (i.e., within a municipal, departmental, or regional council), compared to a rate of barely 10% in 2012.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, National Front (FN)
Some 50 constituencies were planned to be possibly contested by joint candidacies with Debout la France (DLF) following the rallying of Nicolas Dupont-Aignan to Le Pen after the second round of the presidential election, but on 14 May the FN announced the suspension of the agreement, intending to invest candidates in all 577 constituencies as a result, reversing the "principle of accord" on joint investitures that had been agreed upon earlier. The FN ran a candidate against Dupont-Aignan, the sitting deputy for Essonne's 8th constituency. Outgoing deputy Marion Maréchal-Le Pen announced her intention to leave politics on 9 May, and as such did not run in the legislative elections.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, National Front (FN)
Among the list of 553 candidates already invested by the FN include Florian Philippot in Moselle's 6th, Gilbert Collard in Gard's 2nd, Stéphane Ravier in Bouches-du-Rhône's 3rd, Wallerand de Saint-Just in Paris's 13th, and Sophie Montel in Doubs's 4th. Of the 553 candidates in the initial list, 86% are candidates not previously invested in 2012, with nearly 70% holding at least one elected office. The expulsion of Jean-Marie Le Pen from the party in August 2015 was followed by the departure of a number of his companions, who as a result were not invested as candidates.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, National Front (FN)
A number of mayors elected in the 2014 municipal elections chose not to stand in order to retain their local mandates, including Julien Sanchez in Beaucaire, Franck Briffaut in Villers-Cotterêts, and David Rachline in Fréjus. The alliance with the small party of Paul-Marie Coûteaux, Souveraineté, identité et libertés (SIEL), was broken in 2016; the party in 2012 provided 34 of the candidates invested by the FN.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, National Front (FN)
Le Pen herself was reluctant to introduce herself as a candidate after her defeat in the presidential election, with initial hopes of 80 to 100 deputies within the FN revised sharply downwards to 15 target constituencies. On 18 May, she confirmed that she would once again run in Pas-de-Calais's 11th constituency (where she lost by a hundred votes to Philippe Kemel in 2012), which includes Hénin-Beaumont (whose mayor is Steeve Briois of the FN) and where she received 58.2% of votes in the second round of the presidential election. Following the announcement, her father Jean-Marie Le Pen decided not to present a candidate under the banner of the "Union of Patriots", an alliance of far-right movements presenting 200 candidates across France, in the constituency.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, National Front (FN)
Following the victory of Macron in the presidential election, Le Pen stated that she did not deem the proposed reform of the labour code as a priority, criticizing the planned usage of ordonnances as a coup de force and believing that amending it to allow greater flexibility was nothing more than a demand of large employers. She also further critiqued the plans as the El Khomri law "times a thousand", but calling not for demonstrations on the streets but a vote for the FN.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La France Insoumise (FI)
La France Insoumise, the political movement launched by Jean-Luc Mélenchon, former co-president of the Left Party (PG) who ran as a presidential candidate in both 2012 and 2017, intended to run candidates in all 577 constituencies. In a list of 410 investitures published in mid-February, gender parity was maintained, 60% of candidates came from civil society, and the average age was only 43 years, with the youngest at 19 years old. Candidates were selected after the national committee reviewed online applications of prospects.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La France Insoumise (FI)
The constituencies contested by the movement included some held or contested by members of the French Communist Party (PCF). Relations deteriorated between the two, and in early May la France Insoumise proposed that the groupings withdraw competing candidacies in 26 constituencies. However, on 9 May, campaign spokesman Manuel Bompard said that there would be no accord between the two parties in the legislative elections and blamed the PCF for the failure to reach an agreement.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, La France Insoumise (FI)
On 11 May, Mélenchon announced that he would stand as a candidate in Bouches-du-Rhône's 4th constituency in a letter addressed to the adherents of his movement in Marseille, where the riding is located; he came first in the city during the first round of the presidential election, with almost 25% of the vote, and in the constituency he received 39.09%, far ahead of both Macron and Le Pen and one of his best scores nationally. The constituency was then held by Socialist deputy Patrick Mennucci, considered a "friend" by Mélenchon himself.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, Socialist Party (PS) and allies
The first wave of 395 Socialist candidates for the legislative elections was invested on 17 December 2016, including a number who supported of the candidacy of Emmanuel Macron in the presidential election, such as Alain Calmette in Cantal's 1st, Olivier Véran in Isère's 1st, Jean-Louis Touraine in Rhône's 3rd, Corinne Erhel in Côtes-d'Armor's 5th, Richard Ferrand in Finistère's 6th, Jean-Jacques Bridey in Val-de-Marne's 7th, Stéphane Travert in Manche's 3rd, and Christophe Castaner in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence's 2nd constituency.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, Socialist Party (PS) and allies
Of the outgoing deputies invested by La République En Marche!, Frédéric Barbier, deputy for Doubs's 4th constituency, was the only one to also remain invested by the PS; Christophe Borgel, national secretary of elections for the Socialist Party, stated that Barbier would retain his investiture as he was the "best to fight the National Front".


2017 French legislative election, Parties, Socialist Party (PS) and allies
The party presented its own candidates in more than 400 constituencies, with the rest reserved for its allies Europe Ecology – The Greens (EELV), the Union of Democrats and Ecologists (UDE), and the Radical Party of the Left (PRG). First Secretary Jean-Christophe Cambadélis also indicated that the PS hoped to open discussions with la France Insoumise and En Marche! for agreements in constituencies where Le Pen obtained more than 60 percent of the vote in the second round of the presidential election, as well as in ridings in which the second round of the legislative elections could foreseeably be fought between the right and the FN.


2017 French legislative election, Parties, Socialist Party (PS) and allies
On 9 May, the national bureau of the Socialist Party approved its three-page platform for the legislative elections entitled "a clear contract for France, a constructive and solidary left". It abandoned many of the proposals of its defeated presidential candidate Benoît Hamon and drew a number of red lines with regard to the program of Emmanuel Macron, refusing to allow the reform of the labour code by ordonnance and abolition of the solidarity tax on wealth (ISF) on non-property assets. Former Prime Minister Bernard Cazeneuve led the campaign for the legislative elections.