2016–2021 Yemen cholera outbreak, Global responses, United Kingdom
The United Kingdom (UK) government has been one of the largest humanitarian donors to Yemen, budgeting £139 million in 2017/2018 and earmarking £8m from the Yemen budget specifically to respond to cholera. The UK has partnered with organizations including UNICEF and the International Organisation for Migration (IOM) to combat the cholera disease in Yemen. The UK's humanitarian response includes nutrition support, clean water, sanitation, and medical supplies, such as chlorine tablets and hygiene kits.


2016–2021 Yemen cholera outbreak, Global responses, United Kingdom
The UK Department for International Development (DFID) has also worked with the Met Office, NASA and U.S. scientists to deploy a model to predict and effectively respond to outbreaks of cholera. DFID Secretary Priti Patel has urged the international community to follow the UK government's steps to curb the cholera outbreak.


2016–2021 Yemen cholera outbreak, Global responses, World Bank
On August 25, 2017, the World Bank announced $200 million U.S. to support Yemen as it struggles to contain the cholera outbreak. This money is being used to strengthen the country's health, water, and sanitation systems.


2016–2021 Yemen cholera outbreak, Statistics
The WHO provided regular outbreak updates for the epidemic in Yemen up until August 2020. Since then the epidemic has declined in numbers of cases and deaths, with 2020 seeing a total of 230,540 suspected cases and 84 deaths and 5,676 suspected cases with two deaths between January 1 and March 6 of 2021 Furthermore, UNICEF reports that in 2021 over 190,000 children received a cholera vaccine, achieving 94% coverage.


2016–present purges in Turkey
The 2016–present purges in Turkey  is a series of purges by the government of Turkey enabled by a state of emergency in reaction to the 15 July failed coup d'état. The purges began with the arrest of Turkish Armed Forces personnel reportedly linked to the coup attempt but arrests were expanded to include other elements of the Turkish military, as well as civil servants and private citizens.


2016–present purges in Turkey
These later actions reflected a power struggle between secularist and Islamist political elites in Turkey, affected people who were not active in nor aware of the coup, but who the government claimed were connected with the Gülen movement, an opposition group which the government blamed for the coup. Possession of books authored by Gülen was considered valid evidence of such a connection and cause for arrest.


2016–present purges in Turkey
Tens of thousands of public servants and soldiers were purged in the first week following the coup. For example, on 16 July 2016, just one day after the coup was foiled, 2,745 judges were dismissed and detained. This was followed by the dismissal, detention or suspension of over 100,000 officials, a figure that had increased to over 110,000 by early November 2016, over 125,000 after the 22 November decree, reaching at least 135,000 with the January decrees, about 160,000 after the suspensions and arrests decree of April 29 and 180,000 after a massive dismissal decree in July 2018. Collectively about 10% of Turkey's 2 million public employees were removed as a result of the purges. Purged citizens are prevented from working again for the government, therefore pushed into precarity and economic death.


2016–present purges in Turkey
In the business sector, the government forcefully seized assets of over 1000 companies worth between $11 and $50–60 billion, on the charge of being related to Gülen and the coup. By late 2017 over a thousand companies and their assets owned by individuals reportedly affiliated with the movement had been seized and goods and services produced by such companies were subject to boycott by the public.


2016–present purges in Turkey
The purges also extend to the media with television channels, newspapers and other media outlets that were seen as critical of the government being shut down, critical journalists being arrested and the 2017 block of Wikipedia in Turkey, which lasted from April 2017 to January 2020. Since early September 2016, the post-coup emergency state allowed a turn against Kurdish groups and Kurdish culture, including the dismissal of over 11,000 Kurdish teachers and dozens of elected mayors and arrest of the co-chairs of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) for alleged links with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). In August 2018, the Turkish Parliament approved a new “anti-terror” law to replace the state of emergency.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Background
In January 2014, during a major corruption inquiry in Turkey, 96 judges and prosecutors, including the chief prosecutor of İzmir, Huseyin Bas, were transferred to new locations, ending the investigations. Bas was transferred to Samsun. Altogether 120 judges and prosecutors were reassigned. At the time, The Daily Telegraph described the events as "the biggest purge of the judiciary in [Turkey's] history". From 2014 to mid-2016, repeated purges of civilian, military and judicial officials took place in Turkey, mainly aimed at followers of Fethullah Gülen, a former colleague of the Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected
During the first post-coup speech Erdoğan could address to the nation upon landing at Atatürk airport, he said, "This uprising is a gift from God to us because this will be a reason to cleanse our army".


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected
An extensive purge of the Turkish civil service began with Erdoğan warning his opponents that "they will pay a heavy price for this." The New York Times described the purges as a "counter-coup" and expected Erdoğan to "become more vengeful and obsessed with control than ever, exploiting the crisis not just to punish mutinous soldiers but to further quash whatever dissent is left in Turkey".


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected
On 18 July, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry urged Turkish authorities to halt the increasing crackdown on its citizens, indicating that the crackdown was meant to "suppress dissent". French Foreign Minister and former Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault voiced concern, warning against a "political system which turns away from democracy".


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected
The United Nations have been reported of being unresponsive against the purges, while at the same time also failing to condemn the coup and resulting violence, due to disagreement between Egypt and other Security Council members on the wording of a resolution in that direction.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Military
Prime Minister Binali Yıldırım announced on 16 July 2016 that 2,839 soldiers of various ranks had been arrested. Among those arrested were at least 34 generals or admirals. A number of students of the Kuleli Military High School, enough to fill five buses, were also arrested. By 18 July 2016, a total of 103 generals and admirals have been detained by Turkish authorities in connection with the coup.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Military
Yasemin Özata Çetinkaya, the governor of Sinop Province, was removed from her duty and her husband, a colonel in the Turkish army, arrested. Turkish military conducted a raid on the Turkish Air Force Academy in Istanbul as well.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Military
Major General Cahit Bakir, who commanded Turkish forces under NATO in Afghanistan, and Brigadier General Sener Topuc, responsible for education and aid in Afghanistan, have been detained by authorities in Dubai in connection with Turkey's failed coup.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Military
General Bekir Ercan Van, the commander of Incirlik Air Base, which the U.S. uses to carry out airstrikes against ISIL, was arrested by Turkish authorities for his stated role in plotting the failed military coup. He sought asylum from the United States but was denied.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Police and judiciary
On 16 July 2016, the Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors of Turkey (HSYK) removed 2,745 Turkish judges from duty and ordered their detention. Of these judges, 541 were in administrative judiciary and 2,204 were in criminal judiciary. This amounted to approximately 36% of all judges in Turkey at the time.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Police and judiciary
Two judges from the Constitutional Court of Turkey, Alparslan Altan and Erdal Tercan, were detained by Turkish authorities for stated ties with the Gülen movement, while 5 members of the HSYK had their membership revoked and 10 members of the Turkish Council of State were arrested on charges of being members of the parallel state. Furthermore, arrest warrants were issued for 48 members of the Council of State and 140 members of the Court of Cassation.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Police and judiciary
By 18 July 2016, the Turkish government had suspended 8,777 government officials across the country for stated links to the coup perpetrators. Among those suspended include 7,899 police officers, 614 gendarmerie officers, 47 district governors and 30 regional governors. As of 19 July 2016, 755 judges and prosecutors had been arrested in relation to the coup attempt.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Police and judiciary
In January 2019, former chairman of Turkey's Judges and Prosecutors Association (YARSAV), recipient of human rights awards and judge Murat Arslan have been condemned to 10 years in prison for "participation to a terrorist organisation". No violent action or call for violence was reported, the statement being based on an anonymous denunciation and the presence of ByLock on his smartphone, an application he denies having installed on his phone.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Politics
Following the July 2016 attempt coup and first purges of the military, the Turkish government used the state of emergency to introduce amendments into Turkey's municipalities law. Articles 45 and 57 were introduced, which allow to remove an elected mayor from his duty. Before only a final conviction was reason enough to remove a mayor. Hüseyin Avni Mutlu, ex-governor of İstanbul, was dismissed on 19 July 2016. Deputy Mayor of Istanbul's Şişli District, Cemil Candaş (tr), was shot in the head in his office by an unidentified assailant on 18 July 2016. Meanwhile, Turkish parliament was evacuated due to unidentified security concerns.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Elections and HDP harassment
In the 2014 Turkish local elections, the sister party of the HDP, the Peace and Democracy Party (BDP) won 97 district municipalities out of 1351 and 2 metropolitan municipalities out of 30. Starting in September 2016, the purges pushed upon the largely Kurdish political formations HDP and BDP. About a 1/3 of the HDP members, more than 11.000 people were detained, more than 3000 of them were formally arrested, while also 94 democratically elected mayors have been expelled from their posts. 2014's elected mayors were removed, detained, and subjected to politically motivated prosecutions. Elected mayors were replaced by government's appointees. Municipal councils were not formally dissolved, but were not gathered anymore to hold their democratic and managerial functions.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Elections and HDP harassment
In October 2018, President Erdogan vowed to seize all municipalities the HDP could win in the 2019 Turkish local elections. By March 2020, out of the 65 municipalities won by social-democrate HDP during the 2019 Turkish local elections, 46 municipalities (69%) had been seized by Turkish government. The dismissal and municipal seizures are believed to be purely politically motivated, using ill-defined accusation of terrorism.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Elections and HDP harassment
Local human right activist comment that "terrorism in Turkey [is] so vague, broad, and ambiguous that anybody critical of the government can easily be criminalized as a terrorist"  while dismissals, arrests, prosecutions, and condemnations are based on "trumped up terrorism charges". Since 2014, over 90 municipalities have been seized. Dismissed mayors, part of the HDP movement who repeatedly stated opposition to PKK-TSK violences, were later arrested on charges of “membership to a terror organization.” These removals have been described as a violation of people's democratic vote.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Elections and HDP harassment
The at the time HDP co-heads Selahattin Demirtas and Figen Yüksekdağ were jailed and the prosecution was seeking up to 142 years for Demirtaş and  83 years for Yüksekdaĝ imprisonment. The main charge is the allegation of "managing a terrorist organization [(the HDP)]". As of May 2020, both politicians remain arrested.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Civil service
Following a series of arrests and purges throughout the government, Prime Minister Yıldırım announced on 18 July 2016 that annual leave for all civil servants was suspended, and all those on leave were to return to work. Over three million civil servants were affected. In addition, public sector employees were banned from leaving the country.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Civil service
By the evening of 19 July 2016, the number of public sector employees suspended had reached 49,321. In the Ministry of Finance, more than 1500 employees were suspended. In the Prime Ministry, 257 employees, including six advisers, were suspended. The Presidency of Religious Affairs suspended 492 employees, among them three provincial muftis. The numbers of suspended personnel in the National Intelligence Organization and Ministry of Family and Social Policy were 100 and 393 respectively.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Civil service
On 20 July 2016, the Youth and Sports Minister Akif Çağatay Kılıç announced that 245 personnel within his ministry had been laid off. The Energy Ministry reports 300 employees were let go, and the Customs Ministry indicated 184 employees were dismissed.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Education, Immediate purge
By far the greatest purge was in the Ministry of National Education, where 15,200 education ministry officials were suspended. The licenses of 21,000 teachers in the private sector were also cancelled. The Council of Higher Education asked all deans of state and private universities, numbering 1577, to resign. 626 educational institutions, mostly private, were shut down. For example, in Burdur, one school, one cram school and four student hostels were shut down on 20 July. In addition, a travel ban was placed on academics, preventing them from leaving the country.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Education, Immediate purge
On 23 July 2016, Erdoğan shut down 1,043 private schools, 1,229 charities and foundations, 19 trade unions, 15 universities and 35 medical institutions in his first emergency decree under the newly adopted emergency legislation.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Education, Forced cultural changes
Academics have reported pre-2016 coup's changes in academic leadership, and sharp growing pressure after the 2013 Gezi park protests and 2016 coup. Dean and academic management have pressured professors and students to align with conservative values and teachings. Activities, associations and student clubs have been closed under similar pressure. Conservative students are empowered to denounce non-conservative activities. Academic grants and tenures are reported to be filtered according to political affiliations and connections.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Education, Forced cultural changes
Teachers have reported a forced change in political, academic, and critical culture, with firing and exclusion of traditional academic profiles, with worries about the long-term effect of such change and academic purge on the expertise and tone of both Turkey's researches and governmental statures, culture and policies. While private university are technically allowed to hire purged academics, many reports private university been scared to hire them, increasing the economic exclusion. Academics have been subjects to travel bans.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Education, Petitioners
About one thousand scholars and human right experts who had earlier petitioned for the end of military operations in South East Turkey, Afrin and Syria have faced systematic punitive consequences via public agencies, including interrogations, judicial prosecutions, firing from jobs, arrests, trials and condemnations for "terrorist propaganda". The signatories have been subject to 2000 routine judicial hearings with usual 15 months  suspended jail sentence, with no acquittal reported and about 30 actual imprisonments.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Media
The licenses of 24 radio and television channels and the press cards of 34 journalists reported of being linked to Gülen were revoked. Two people were arrested for praising the coup attempt and insulting the Turkish President Erdoğan on social media. On 25 July, Nazlı Ilıcak was taken into custody.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Media
On 27 July 2016, Erdoğan shut down 16 television channels, 23 radio stations, 45 daily newspapers, 15 magazines and 29 publishing houses in another emergency decree under the newly adopted emergency legislation. The closed outlets include Gülen-affiliated Cihan News Agency, Samanyolu TV and the previously leading newspaper Zaman (including its English-language version Today's Zaman), but also the opposition daily newspaper Taraf which was known to be in close relations with the Gulen Movement.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Media
In late October 2015, Turkish authorities shut down 15 media outlets, including one of the world's only women's news agencies, and detained the editor-in-chief of the prominent secularist Turkish newspaper Cumhuriyet, "on accusations that they committed crimes on behalf of Kurdish militants and a network linked to the US-based cleric Fethullah Gülen".


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Media
Turkey has imprisoned more than 160 journalists, making it the world's biggest jailer of journalists. In May 2018, at a press conference with British PM Theresa May, Turkish President Erdoğan called Turkey's jailed journalists  "terrorists".


2016–present purges in Turkey, Sectors affected, Traveling
Government authorities had revoked almost 11,000 passports by 22 July; by 30 July, more than 50,000 passports were cancelled.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Extradition
In August 2016 Erdoğan  gave the United States an ultimatum, demanding the extradition of Fethullah Gülen, the cleric said to be behind the failed 15 July coup attempt. Turkey demanded that Greece extradite eight Turkish soldiers who had fled there after the coup. On 11 August 2016, Bulgaria extradited Abdullah Büyük, a Turkish businessman being linked with the Gülen movement.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Initial purges
The bulk of the purges happened in the 10 days following the coup. The government releasing data documenting the issue :


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 17 August 2016, the government dismissed 2,300 more officers from the police force, 136 military officers and 196 employees from the information technology authority.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 18 August 2016, arrest warrants were issued for 187 suspects, including CEOs of leading companies in Turkey, with prosecutors also ordering the seizure of their assets.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 2 September 2016, Turkey announced a purge of about 11,500 teachers with stated links to PKK. The move was denounced by Kurdish and Turkish opposition parties for lacking due process and evidences. An anonymous former Turkish diplomat said the move sharply weakened the pacifist wing of Kurdish voices, pushing the Kurdish movement toward more radical means.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 12 September 2016, Turkey removed two dozen elected mayors, members of the opposition Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), for stated links to Kurdish militants.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 4 October 2016, Turkish authorities suspend nearly 12,800 more police officers from duty over their suspected links with U.S.-based cleric Fethullah Gulen.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 29 October 2016, by decree, Turkey dismissed 10,131 more civil servants, while about 15 more media outlets were closed for stated ties to terrorist organizations and cleric Fethullah Gülen.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
In early November 2016, security forces began mass arrests of opposition Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) MPs, including co-leaders Selahattin Demirtaş and Figen Yüksekdağ. Internet and social web services were blocked across southeastern Turkey. Out of 59 HDP's MPs, 15 were researched, 12 MPs were detained, 2 MPs were travelling abroad, and one not located.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 22 November 2016, a decree announced 15,726 dismissals (security forces: 7,600, ministry of interior: 2,700, education: 1,200). People were affected for being “related, belonging to or in contact with terror organizations and structures that are considered by the National Security Council as acting against national security.” Passports of these affected people were canceled. With this decree 550 associations, 9 medias, and 19 private medical structures have been closed. The financial assets and properties of those organizations were to be seized by the Turkish Treasury.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 12 December 2016, in reaction to prior Istanbul double bombing and Kurdistan Freedom Falcons (TAK) states, 118 HDP officials and supporters were arrested.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 21 December 2016, Turkey suspended another 1,980 teachers and school employees for stated connections to the coup attempt.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2016
On 25 December 2016, Turkey probes around 10,000 social media users for reportedly insulting government officials or supporting "terror-related activity."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
On 7 January 2017, and via three decrees, 8,390 more civil servants were dismissed (2,687 police officers, 1,699 civil servants from the justice ministry, 838 health officials, and hundreds others from other ministries, 631 academics, 8 members of the Council of State).


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
In early February 2017, the Turkish government dismissed more than 4,400 public servants from their jobs, including over 300 university teachers.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
On 14 February 2017, the Turkish government arrested 834 people with stated links with PKK. The mass arrest has been linked to the constitutional referendum, to which most Kurdish factions are opposed.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
After the April 16 referendum, 38 activists denouncing irregularities were detained.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
On 26 April 2017, 1009 police officers were reported of being a secret Gulenist network within the Turkish police force, and were detained. 9,100 policemen have been suspended


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
On 29 April 2017, Turkey blocked Wikipedia and dismissed 3,974 more civil servants. The NYT qualified the move as "an expand[ing] crackdown on dissent and free expression".


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
On 5 June, the Turkish interior ministry announces that 130 people, living outside the country and suspected of militant links, will lose their  citizenship unless they return to Turkey within three months and meet government standards. Named suspects include  U.S.-based cleric Fethullah Gülen, and Peoples' Democratic Party leaders Faysal Sarıyıldız, Tuğba Hezer Öztürk, and Özdal Üçer.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
15 June 2017, UN Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals judge Aydin Sedaf Akay was sentenced  to 71⁄2 years on charges of "membership in [to the Gulen movement, itself] a terrorist organization", despite Mr. Akay having diplomatic immunity due to his position at the UN MICT.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2017
On 24 December 2017, a decree announce the dismissal of 2,700 public officers.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2018
Turkey detained over 800 social media users and nearly 100 politicians and journalists who opposed the Turkish invasion of the Kurdish-controlled enclave of Afrin.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2018
On 8 July 2018, right before Erdogan new presidency with enlarged executive powers and the promised end of the state of emergency, 18,632 public officiers were dismissed by decree. Among them,  9,000+ are police officers, 6,000+ are members of the Turkish military, +1000 are from judiciary, about 650 are teachers and about 200 academics. Three newspapers, one TV channel and 12 associations were also shut down.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2018
On 25 July 2018, Turkey passed new anti-terrorism bill to replace emergency rule. According to the Human Rights Watch, the new law "will allow authorities under the presidency, for the next three years, to dismiss judges and all other public officials arbitrarily. It also would allow the authorities to restrict movement within Turkey, ban public assemblies, and allow police to hold some suspects for up to 12 days without charge and repeatedly detain them in the same investigation." CHP parliamentary group leader Özgür Özel said that "With this bill, with the measures in this text, the state of emergency will not be extended for three months but for three years. They make it look like they are lifting the emergency, but in fact they are continuing it."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2018
On 14 August 2018, Turkish police arrested another German citizen on terrorism-related charges. German authorities said nine German nationals are currently in detention in Turkey for "political reasons."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2019
On 12 February, Turkey issued 1,112 more detention orders, under the charge of organizing the 2016 Turkey coup.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2019
According to Turkish government data from March 2019, about 500,000 people were detained since the coup attempt, of which about 30,000 were in custody at the time of the information. Erdogan reported in April 2019 of 31,000 employees of the police, as well as 15,000 members of the military, who had been removed from office since the coup d'état. According to Anadolu, in the first week of July 2019, 282 people were arrested throughout Turkey. The week before, at the end of June, there were 200 arrests.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2019
On 28 July 2019, another German citizen, Osman B, was arrested on charges of running a "terror propaganda" using his Facebook account. He was arrested at a Turkish airport, while he was traveling for a family holiday.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2019
In October 2019, Turkish police detained more than 120 online critics of the Turkish invasion of the Kurdish areas in Syria. Turkish prosecutor opened an investigation into "terrorist propaganda" against MPs Sezai Temelli and Pervin Buldan, co-leaders of the pro-Kurdish HDP party. Turkey arrested at least 151 members of the HDP, including district officials. Turkish authorities have also detained web editor of opposition BirGün newspaper and managing editor of the online news portal Diken.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2020
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey, the Turkish parliament approved a bill which could enable the release of up to 100,000 prisoners, including people responsible for deaths. Political prisoners, journalists, are excluded from the pardon despite overcrowding and unsanitary living conditions already posing a severe health threat.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2020
The Turkish Interior Ministry has arrested social media users whose posts were "targeting officials and spreading panic and fear" by suggesting that COVID-19 "had spread widely in Turkey and that officials had taken insufficient measures". Several journalists, who were each reporting for local media, were detained for how they covered the pandemic.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Purges by numbers, Later purges, mass suspensions and mass arrests, 2021
In February, following a failed operation in which 13 Turkey soldiers died, Turkey arrested 700 opposition members, maneuvering to shift blame onto the opposition and Americans.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights
Human rights in Turkey are governed by international law treaties, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights that Turkey signed in 2000, that take precedence over Turkish legislation according to Article 90 of the 1982 Constitution. After protesters chanted for reintroduction of the death penalty, abolished by Turkey in 2004, Erdoğan stated that this was a possibility that would be discussed in parliament, and that in a democracy, the will of the people must be respected. On 21 July, the Turkish government announced that it would suspend the European Convention on Human Rights during a temporary state of emergency.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights
On 24 July 2016, Amnesty International called for the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture to make an emergency visit to Turkey to see the conditions in which the detainees were held.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Identification methods
Johannes Hahn, the European Commissioner dealing with Turkey's bid to become a member state of the European Union (EU), said that it appears Turkey's government had prepared arrest lists of political opponents before the coup attempt and had been waiting for the right time to act. The usage of social medias monitoring is suspected.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Identification methods
Anonymous-and-paid denunciations by secret witnesses are officially declared as the main source for identifying suspects. Most of the over 140 thousands people affected by the purges were affected following denunciations by coworkers and other citizens. The system have been legalized via a 31 August 2015's decree by the Ministry of interior. The rewarded anonymous denunciation's grid is public and online, divided in 5 category according to the threat, and pointing to major suspects, mainly Kurds, then Gulenist, then Islamists (ISIS).


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Identification methods
About 11 millions citizens or one in 6 adults are reported to be under investigation online.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Identification methods, Fetometer
Reports of a scoring system for Turkey citizens and foreigners to assess their relationships to the Gulen networks and crack down on them emerged. The system, already in use on Turkey civil public servants and some military branch, allows Turkey governments to assess the relationship of citizens to Gulenist networks and likelihood for them to be part of it. In the field of education, the Turkish National Education Ministry used a Fetometer software to assess the relation of 993 books used in teaching with a set of Gulenist phrases and concepts. 100 books were assessed "inconvenient", 12 were "certainly Gulenist" and now banned by the Ministry. The phrases and concepts looked for were dialogue, respect for human beings, the golden generation, horizon man, hope and dedication.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Detainees' conditions
According to Amnesty International, during the July 2016 purges, detainees were denied food for up to three days and water for up to two days, were denied medical treatment, were reportedly raped with police truncheons or fingers, and were subjected to other forms of torture. Amnesty said that three hundred male soldiers held in the Ankara police headquarters were beaten during their detention, with injuries including bruises, cuts and broken bones. Forty soldiers were unable to walk because of their injuries, and two were unable to stand. Amnesty also said that detainees' shirts were covered in blood during their interrogations by prosecutors and that detainees during the purges were mostly prevented from contacting their families and lawyers.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Detainees' conditions
Given overcrowded conditions, the Turkish government published a decree on 16 August announcing that 38,000 inmates whose criminal offense pre-dated 1 July were now eligible for sentence reduction. Inmates with two years or less to serve are eligible, while inmates who have served half of their sentence can ask for parole. The decree applies to crimes committed before 1 July 2016, excluding convictions for murder, domestic violence, sexual abuse, terrorism or crimes against the state.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Arrest of human rights activists
Turkish human rights lawyer Orhan Kemal Cengiz was detained for three days in July 2016. He was "provisionally released" and remains subject to a travel ban. Serdar Kuni, a doctor from Cizre, who assisted the respected Human Rights Foundation in documenting violations in the town, and arrested on poorly defined charges of "being a member of a terrorist organization" for treating injured locals.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Arrest of human rights activists
On 6 June 2017, Taner Kılıç, the Chair of Amnesty International Turkey, and another 22 lawyers were detained in İzmir by the Turkish police on the suspicion of having links with the Fethullah Gülen movement and later charged with "membership of a terrorist organisation". The detention and prosecution was condemned by Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch who asked for his immediate release. Hugh Williamson, Europe and Central Asia director at Human Rights Watch, stated that "detaining Kılıç on suspicion of terrorist offenses looks like a tactic aimed at discrediting his legitimate human rights work."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Nightwatchmen system
The Nightwatchmen system of bekçis has been used in the 1990s to monitor the South Eastern regions against PKK activities.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Nightwatchmen system
Bekçis forces have traditionally served as neighborhood watchmen in Turkey.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Nightwatchmen system
In 2008, the 8,000 active bekcis absorbed into regular police force and the system abolished.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Nightwatchmen system
Following the 2016 Coup and a large-scale operation in southeastern regions, the Turkish government reinstated the bekci force, hiring 2,400 officers to patrol the regions' Kurdish-majority cities of Sirnak, Hakkari, Urfa, Mardin and Diyarbakir. The bekçis have since been gradually extended to the entire country.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Nightwatchmen system
Nightwatchmen's are described as local young men,  with Standart watchmen training.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Nightwatchmen system
Bekçis can be equipped with whistles, batons, and carry gun (Jan. 2020).


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Nightwatchmen system
They have the authority to check citizens' identity, body search them, and use of lethal force is under legislative discussion.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Human rights, Nightwatchmen system
Bekçis have been qualified as the Turkey version Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.


2016–present purges in Turkey, International
The Turkish government have been looking for opponents in foreign countries as well.


2016–present purges in Turkey, International, School closures
About 1,000 Gülen movement schools exist worldwide, with 300 of them in Turkey. Turkey requested closure of affiliated schools in 50 countries.


2016–present purges in Turkey, International, Foreign operations and abductions
Turkey has led a hunt of political opponents abroad. Private planes are used to illegally abduct gulenists on foreign territories, without agreements with local jurisdictions.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions
The purges were criticized by Western governments and human rights groups. Human Rights Watch warned the Turkish government against "[using] the coup attempt to justify a witch-hunt against those it regards as opponents". Andrew Gardner, Amnesty International's researcher for Turkey, said: "We are witnessing a crackdown of exceptional proportions in Turkey at the moment. While it is understandable, and legitimate, that the government wishes to investigate and punish those responsible for this bloody coup attempt, they must abide by the rule of law and respect freedom of expression."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions
Conversely, the purges were praised by Judicial Commission of Indonesia chairman Aidul Fitriciada Azhari. Azhari pointed to the purges as a positive example of external oversight of a judicial system and the exercise of executive power by a judicial commission, referring to the Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, Effect on Turkey's EU accession bid
Johannes Hahn, the European Commissioner dealing with Turkey's bid to become a member state of the European Union (EU), said that it appeared Turkey's government had prepared arrest lists of political opponents before the coup attempt and had been waiting for the right time to act. EU High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Federica Mogherini condemned the purges, saying: "What we're seeing especially in the fields of universities, media, the judiciary, is unacceptable."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, Effect on Turkey's EU accession bid
Horst Seehofer, the minister-president of Bavaria, urged the EU to suspend Turkey's accession negotiations: "If one sees how Turkey is dismantling the rule of law... then these (EU membership) negotiations must be stopped immediately. No democratic constitutional state acts like this."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, Effect on Turkey's EU accession bid
On 22 November 2016 the European Parliament voted 497 to 37 in favour of a non binding freeze on membership talks with Turkey in response to "disproportionate repressive measures taken in Turkey since the failed military coup attempt."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, University associations
The Czech University Council compared negatively the purges of educational institutions in Turkey to events which took place under the Communist regime in former Czechoslovakia.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, University associations
The European University Association (EUA) joined by the European University Foundations (EUF) “strongly and unconditionally” condemned the forced resignation of hundreds of deans from higher education institutions in Turkey in the wake of the failed coup attempt in the country, and called on all European governments, universities and scholars to speak out against these developments and to support democracy in Turkey, including institutional autonomy and academic freedom for scholars and students.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, Europe
Belgian Foreign Minister Didier Reynders said Turkish authorities' reaction to the failed coup needed to be "proportionate," and that he was alarmed by the arrests of judges and calls for reinstatement of the death penalty against coup participants.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, Europe
French Foreign Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault voiced concern, warning against a "political system which turns away from democracy" in response to the purges.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, Europe
British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson described the Gülen movement as a "cult" and expressed his support for the post-coup purges. Johnson said: "what happened in July [2016] was deeply violent, deeply anti-democratic, deeply sinister and it was totally right that it was crushed."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United States
U.S. President Barack Obama said he was concerned by pictures showing the rough treatment of some of the arrested coup plotters, some of whom appeared stripped to their underwear and handcuffed behind their backs. U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry urged Turkish authorities to halt the crackdown on its citizens, expressing concern that the aim of the crackdown was to "suppress dissent."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United States
The commander of U.S. Central Command, General Joseph Votel, said that several of the U.S. military's closest partners in the Turkish military have been jailed. In response, Erdoğan said Votel was being on the side of coup plotters. On 29 July, Votel said in a statement: "Any reporting that I had anything to do with the recent unsuccessful coup attempt in Turkey is unfortunate and completely inaccurate. ... We appreciate Turkey's continuing cooperation and look forward to our future partnership in the counter-ISIL fight."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United States
On 1 August 2018, President Donald Trump's administration sanctioned two top Turkish government officials, Turkish Justice Minister Abdulhamit Gül and Interior Minister Suleyman Soylu, over the detention of American pastor Andrew Brunson. The indictment stated that American pastor had ties with Gülen's network. Daniel Glaser, the former Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing under President Barack Obama, said: "It’s certainly the first time I can think of" the U.S. sanctioning a NATO ally. "I certainly regard it as a human rights violation to unlawfully detain somebody, so I think it falls within the scope of the Global Magnitsky Act."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United Nations
In July 2016, the U.S., with the support of Britain, drafted language for the United Nations Security Council that would have expressed grave concern over the situation, called upon on all parties to "respect the democratically elected government of Turkey" and the rule of law, and urged the parties to show restraint and avoid violence. However, Egypt blocked the proposed statement. Egyptian diplomats said that the Council is "in no position to qualify, or label [the Turkish] government – or any other government for that matter – as democratically elected or not".


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United Nations
Objection by the United States and the UK – permanent members of the Security Council – led to Egypt proposing a new statement calling for all sides to "respect the democratic and constitutional principles and the rule of law", which was rejected, preventing the condemnation of the coup attempt by the Security Council.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United Nations
In August 2016, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein decried the purge. Zeid said that while he opposed the coup attempt, the wide-ranging purge showed a "thirst for revenge" that was alarming. Later that month, a group of experts in the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights issued a joint statement saying that the purges may violate international law, specifically Turkey's obligations under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United Nations
The statement said: "While we understand the sense of crisis in Turkey, we are concerned that the government's steps to limit a broad range of human rights guarantees go beyond what can be justified in light of the current situation. Turkey is going through a critical period. Derogation measures must not be used in a way that will push the country deeper into crisis."


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United Nations
In March 2018 Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights issued a report on the impact of the state of emergency on human rights in Turkey.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Reactions, United Nations
The report indicates interference of the executive with the work of the judiciary and curtailment of  parliamentary oversight over the executive branch of government; arbitrary mass dismissals of civil servants and private sector employees; arbitrary closure of civil society organizations, including prominent human    rights NGOs and media; arbitrary detention of people arrested under state  of  emergency  measures; the use of torture and ill-treatment during pre-trial detention; restrictions  of the rights to freedoms of expression  and  of movement; arbitrary expropriation of private property; and  methods  of collective  punishment targeting family members of individuals suspected of offences under the state of emergency. OHCHR said that the routine extensions of the state of emergency may lead to an enduring system of governing characterized by  a  large  number  of  arbitrary  decisions  that  profoundly affect the lives of many individuals and families.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Analysis, Historical light
Can Dündar, Editor-in-chief of the Turkish daily Cumhuriyet, described the purges as part of a historical pattern of political power in Turkey shifting back and forth between the secular military versus religious institutions, with democrats in the middle having little power to prevent the repeated oscillations, but worse than previous cycles. He described the 2016 purges as "the biggest witch-hunt in Turkey's history".


2016–present purges in Turkey, Analysis, Historical light
Historians and analysts including Henri J. Barkey, Director of the Middle East Program of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, compared the 2016 Turkish purges to Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution that started in 1966 and the Iranian Cultural Revolution in which Iranian academia was purged during 1980–1987. The government of Turkey has been analysed to blame Western forces and raise anti-Americanism in order to distract the public from real intranational tensions, as well as to take an upper ground for negotiations.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Analysis, Historical light
According to the New York Times, "Searching for historical parallels, analysts have made comparisons with Joseph McCarthy’s anti-Communist witch hunt in 1950s America, the Stalinist purges of the 1930s and the Cultural Revolution in China in the 1960s and ’70s." Other comparisons have been made with Hitler's use of the Reichstag fire to consolidate his power, and with Atatürk's use of the 1926 assassination plot on his life to purge Turkey of his political opponents and rivals.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Analysis, Political sciences
Academics are now discussing "Turkey's democracy collapse" and its "authoritarian turn". It has been argued that solid political position encourage leaders to crack down and double down on oppositions parties while less secure governing groups are more inclined into deescalation and appeasement. AKP's political alliances with both wealthy business world via privileged and urban poor via redistribution of public resources, providing non-competitive elections, reduced elected officials political tolerance for oppositions and reduced the costs of cracking down on them.


2016–present purges in Turkey, Analysis, Political sciences
This AKP-hegemonic political landscape, associated calculations and observable room for repressive actions lead to increase authoritarianism from Turkish government through "securitization of dissent, mounting repression, and systematic violation of civil liberties". Turkey is described as a case of "competitive authoritarianism", a regime in which democratic elections occurs under the guidance of an authoritarian government and where the main party guaranteed to win.


2016−17 Coppa Italia Lega Pro
The 2016–17 Coppa Italia Lega Pro was the 45th edition of the Coppa Italia Lega Pro, the cup competition for Lega Pro clubs.


2016−17 Coppa Italia Lega Pro
Foggia were the defending champions having won their first title on 14 April 2016 against Cittadella, but were eliminated by Matera in the round of 16.


2016−17 Coppa Italia Lega Pro
Venezia won the competition by defeating Matera 3–2 on aggregate in the final, winning their first title.


2016−17 Regionalliga Südwest
The 2016−17 season of the Regionalliga Südwest was the ninth season of the Regionalliga as the fourth highest division in Germany and started with the opening game on 5 August 2016.


2016−17 Regionalliga Südwest, Promotion and relegation
Promotion to the 3. LigaThe champion and the runner-up were sportingly qualified for the participation in the Promotion to the 3. Liga.


2016−17 Regionalliga Südwest, Promotion and relegation
Relegation from the Regionalliga SüdwestUp to six teams in 14th, 15th and 16th place and safely in 17th, 18th and 19th place relegated. Due to the relegation of 1. FSV Mainz 05 II and FSV Frankfurt from the 3rd division to the Regionalliga Südwest, the number of relegated teams to the Oberliga increased to five. Due to the missed promotion of SV Waldhof Mannheim and SV Elversberg it was clear that a total of six teams had to relegate.


2016−17 Regionalliga Südwest, Statistics, Table
(P) Promoted from the 2015–16 Oberliga(C) Champion of the previous season(R) Relegated from the 2015–16 3. Liga


2016−17 Regionalliga Südwest, Statistics, Cross table
The cross table shows the results of all games of this season. The home team is listed in the left column, the visiting team in the top row.


2016−17 Regionalliga Südwest, Statistics, Table history
Matches that are postponed will be counted according to the original schedule, so that the same number of matches is taken into account for each team on all match days.


2016−17 Regionalliga Südwest, Statistics, Goal scorer list
If there are the same number of goals, the players are sorted alphabetically by surname, if available.


2017
2017 (MMXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2017th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 17th  year of the 3rd millennium, the 17th  year of the 21st century, and the  8th   year of the 2010s decade.


2017
2017 was designated as International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development by the United Nations General Assembly.


2017 (Parks and Recreation)
"2017" is the season premiere of the seventh season of the American comedy television series Parks and Recreation, and the 113th overall episode of the series. It originally aired on NBC in the United States on January 13, 2015.


2017 (Parks and Recreation)
In this episode, Leslie (Amy Poehler) battles Ron (Nick Offerman)'s new business, "Very Good", for land from the Newport family to build a National Park. Meanwhile, April (Aubrey Plaza) becomes concerned that she and Andy (Chris Pratt) have become a boring, mainstream married couple.


2017 (Parks and Recreation), Reception
"2017" received mixed reviews from critics. Alasdair Wilkins of The A.V. Club awarded the episode a "B." Wilkins accused the show of prioritizing the characters' line of work more than the inner conflicts of characters, in comparison to the departure of Steve Carell in the seventh season of The Office. They also stated that Leslie and Ron's conflict over Morning Star did not feel like a proper season starter, saying "there’s really no doubt, based on everything we’ve ever seen of Parks and Recreation, that the two are going to make their peace. In fairness, it might be unrealistic to expect genuine uncertainty on that point, as even comedies far more mean-spirited than this would almost certainly have their main characters reconcile before the final bow."


2017 (Parks and Recreation), Reception
IGN's Matt Fowler praised the episode as a fantastic beginning to the final season, stating "It wasn't enough to just stick with the time jump that we all saw at the tail-end of last season, but the whole show dynamic is different, with most every character having moved on from anything Parks related." He also described the plot of Leslie and Ron competing over the Newport Property as a positive conflict for the show to end on, as well as praising the new mixing of the character personalities that solidified the new time jump.


2017 1. deild
The 2017 1. deild was the 75th season of the second tier of football in the Faroe Islands. AB Argir won this season, allowing them to promote to the 2018 Faroe Islands Premier League. B36 Tórshavn II and ÍF Fuglafjørður II were both relegated to the 2018 2. deild. The season started on the 11th of March and ended on the 21st of October.


2017 1. deild, Teams
The bottom two teams from the 2016 season, B68 Toftir and AB, were relegated to the 2017 1. deild. They were replaced by EB/Streymur and 07 Vestur, champions and runners-up of the 2016 1. deild respectively.


2017 1. deild karla
The 2017 1. deild karla (English: Men's First Division) was the 63rd season of second-tier Icelandic football. Twelve teams contested in the league. The season began on 5 May and concluded on 23 September.


2017 1. deild karla, Teams
The league was contested by twelve clubs. Eight remained in the division from the 2016 season, while four new clubs joined the 1. deild karla:


2017 1. deild karla, Results grid
Each team plays every opponent once home and away for a total of 22 matches per club, and 132 matches altogether.


2017 1. deild kvinnur
The 2017 1. deild kvinnur was the 33rd season of women's league football in the Faroe Islands.


2017 1. deild kvinnur
The league was won by EB/Streymur/Skála, winning its first title and ending KÍ's streak of 17 consecutive titles. By winning, EBS/Skála qualified to 2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League, becoming only the second club from the Faroe Islands to play the competition.


2017 1. deild kvinnur, Format
Originally seven teams entered the league, but AB/B71 withdrew after 2 matches. This maintained the league with the same format of the previous seasons, with the six teams playing each other four times for a total of 20 matches.


2017 1. divisjon (women)
The 2017 1. divisjon was the second tier of Norwegian women's football in 2017. The season kicked off on 17 April 2017, finishing on 4 November 2017.


2017 1. divisjon (women)
The top placed team was be promoted to next year's Toppserien. The second placed team contested a playoff against the 11th placed team from the 2017 Toppserien for the right to play in Toppserien next season.


2017 12 Hours of Sebring
The 65th Mobil 1 12 Hours of Sebring fueled by Fresh from Florida was an endurance sports car racing event held at Sebring International Raceway near Sebring, Florida from 16 to 18 March 2017. The race was the second round of the 2017 WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, as well as the second round of the North American Endurance Cup.


2017 12 Hours of Sebring
The race was won by Wayne Taylor Racing's Cadillac DPi-V.R driven by Ricky Taylor, Jordan Taylor, and Alex Lynn, ahead of Mustang Sampling Racing's Cadillac DPi-V.R and Whelen Engineering Racing's Cadillac DPi-V.R. The PC class winners were Performance Tech Motorsports with drivers James French, Patricio O'Ward, and Kyle Masson driving an Oreca FLM09. Corvette Racing won the GTLM class for the third straight year with Antonio García, Jan Magnussen, and Mike Rockenfeller taking the win in their Chevrolet Corvette C7.R. The GTD category was won by Riley Motorsports - WeatherTech Racing's Ben Keating, Jeroen Bleekemolen, and Mario Farnbacher in a Mercedes-AMG GT3.


2017 2. deild karla
The Icelandic men's second division 2017 football season was the 52nd season of third-tier football in Iceland. Twelve teams contested the league. Play began on 6 May and concluded on 23 September.


2017 2. deild karla, Teams
The league was contested by twelve clubs, eight of which played in the division during the 2016 season. There were four new clubs from the previous campaign:


2017 2. deild karla, Results
Each team plays every opponent once home and away for a total of 22 matches per club, and 132 matches altogether.


2017 2. divisjon
The 2017 2. divisjon (referred to as PostNord-ligaen for sponsorship reasons) was a Norwegian football third-tier league. The league consisted of 28 teams divided into 2 groups of 14 teams.


2017 2. divisjon
The league was played as a double round-robin tournament, where all teams played 26 matches. The first round was played on 17 April 2017, while the last round was played on 21 October 2017.


2017 2. divisjon, Promotion play-offs
The teams who finished in second place in their respective group qualified for the promotion play-offs, where they faced each other over two legs. The winner will play against the 14th placed team in 1. divisjon for a place in the 2018 1. divisjon.


2017 24 Hours of Daytona
The 55th Rolex 24 at Daytona was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Daytona International Speedway, Daytona Beach, Florida on January 28–29, 2017. It was also the first race for the 2017 WeatherTech SportsCar Championship season. The overall race winner was the No. 10 Wayne Taylor Racing Cadillac of Ricky Taylor, Jordan Taylor, Max Angelelli, and Jeff Gordon.


2017 24 Hours of Daytona
The event had the second closest finish in the race's history, and the ending is regarded as one of the greatest finishes in the history of endurance racing. With roughly seven minutes to go, contact between eventual winner Ricky Taylor and Filipe Albuquerque of  Mustang Sampling Racing sent Albuquerque spinning. Albuquerque subsequently ran down Taylor over the final minutes, including trimming the lead by nearly a second and a half on the final lap, but came up short by 0.671 seconds.


2017 24 Hours of Daytona, Qualifying, Results
Provisional pole positions in each class are denoted in bold. All Prototype and Prototype Challenge cars were grouped together on the starting grid, regardless of qualifying position.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans
The 85th 24 Hours of Le Mans (French: 85e 24 Heures du Mans) was an 24 hour automobile endurance event held for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars on 17–18 June 2017 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, close to Le Mans, France. It was the 85th running of the 24 hour race organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest as well as the third round of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship. 258,500 people attended the event.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans
The race was won by the No. 2 Porsche driven by Timo Bernhard, Brendon Hartley and Earl Bamber after taking the lead of the race in the final two hours. It was the second victory at Le Mans for Bamber and Bernhard, and Hartley's first. Toyota's Sébastien Buemi, Kazuki Nakajima, and Anthony Davidson finished in eighth place after starting on second position, and were the only other competitor in the LMP1 field to finish the event.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans
The LMP2 category was won by Ho-Pin Tung, Thomas Laurent, and Oliver Jarvis in the No. 38 Jackie Chan DC Racing Oreca, who led the race outright for several hours before finishing in second place overall. The second DC Racing entry of David Cheng, Tristan Gommendy, and Alex Brundle were three laps behind for third overall, followed by the No. 35 Signatech Alpine of Nelson Panciatici, Pierre Ragues, and André Negrão.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans
Aston Martin won the LMGTE Pro category, after the No. 97 car of Darren Turner, Jonathan Adam, and Daniel Serra overtook the stricken No. 63 Corvette of Jordan Taylor, Antonio García, and Jan Magnussen in the final two laps of the race. The No. 67 Ford was also able to pass the Corvette on the final lap to take second place for Harry Tincknell, Andy Priaulx, and Pipo Derani. LMGTE Am was won by the JMW Motorsport Ferrari of Robert Smith, Will Stevens, and Dries Vanthoor. Ferraris also finished in second and third, with Spirit of Race's Duncan Cameron, Aaron Scott, and Marco Cioci in second, and Scuderia Corsa's Townsend Bell, Cooper MacNeil, and Bill Sweedler in third.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Background
The date for the 2017 Le Mans race was confirmed by the FIA World Motor Sport Council in a press conference of the sport's organiser, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO), at the Musée des 24 Heures du Mans on 16 June 2016. It was the 85th running of the event, and the third of nine scheduled rounds of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship. The race was scheduled to avoid conflicting with other major motorsport events, as was the case in the 2016 edition when it clashed with the European Grand Prix.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Background
Before the race Toyota drivers Anthony Davidson, Kazuki Nakajima and Sébastien Buemi led the Drivers' Championship with 50 points, 17 ahead of second-placed Timo Bernhard, Earl Bamber and Brendon Hartley and a further five in front of Neel Jani, Nick Tandy, André Lotterer in third. Mike Conway and Kamui Kobayashi were fourth on 19.5 points and their teammate Nicolas Lapierre rounded out the top five with 16 points. Toyota were leading the Manufacturers' Championship on 69.5 points, seven and a half ahead of their sole rival Porsche in second position. Toyota had so far dominated the championship with Davidson, Nakajima and Buemi winning the season's previous two rounds. Bernhard, Bamber and Hartley and Conway and Kobayashi had all finished in second once with their teammates Jani, Tandy, Lotterer having achieved one third-place result.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulation changes
Following the 2016 event in which the leading car failed on its final lap and was eventually not classified in the final results, the standards by which a car is classified have been changed. Instead of the mandatory six minutes for the final lap of the race, penalties will be awarded for any lap over six minutes on a gradual scale. Failure to complete the last lap of the race in under fifteen minutes will now lead to a car no longer being classified.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulation changes
The slow zone system used at Le Mans was also revised, with nine dedicated slow zone sectors laid out around the circuit. Previously individual marshal posts were used to mark the beginning and end of slow zones. The dedicated zones have been located such that the beginning of the 80 km/h (50 mph) is in a slow section of the circuit; previous slow zones could begin in areas of the track where cars were required to slow down from high speeds and cause accidents.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulation changes
Modifications were made to the circuit from the Porsche Curves to the Ford Chicane. The run-off area where the last right hand turn goes into the left hand corner that begins the entry to Corvette corner was widened with the barrier at the Porsche Curves being moved further back. Further the angle of the wall at the left hand entry to the short straight before the Ford Chicane was altered. The changes led to criticism from Lotterer and Jan Magnussen about the potential loss of challenge. The ACO's sporting manager Vincent Beaumesnil defended the alterations by saying that widening the run-off area was preferable than adding a chicane at the Porsche Curves.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulation changes
The Le Mans Prototype 2 (LMP2) category was revamped with the introduction of a single specification engine from Gibson, with increased power output compared to 2016 LMP2 cars. Cockpit and chassis designs also mimic the Le Mans Prototype 1 (LMP1) regulations for safety. The four approved chassis manufacturers were Dallara, Ligier, Oreca and Riley.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries, Automatic invitations
Automatic entry invitations are earned by teams that won their class in the previous running of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, or won championships in the European Le Mans Series, Asian Le Mans Series, and the Michelin GT3 Le Mans Cup. The second-place finisher in the European Le Mans Series Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance (LMGTE) championship also earns an automatic invitation. Two participants from the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship are chosen by the series to be automatic entries by the ACO regardless of their performance or category.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries, Automatic invitations
As invitations are granted to teams, they were allowed to change their cars from the previous year to the next, but not allowed to change their category. The LMGTE class invitations from the European and Asian Le Mans Series are allowed to choose between the Pro and Am categories. European Le Mans Series' Le Mans Prototype 3 (LMP3) champion is required to field an entry in LMP2 while the Asian Le Mans Series LMP3 champion may choose between LMP2 or LMGTE Am. The Michelin GT3 Le Mans Cup champions are limited to the LMGTE Am category.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries, Automatic invitations
The ACO announced its initial list of automatic entries on 23 January 2017.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries, Entry list and reserves
In conjunction with the announcement of entries for the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship and the European Le Mans Series seasons, the ACO announced the full 60 car entry list for Le Mans, plus two reserves. In addition to the 28 guaranteed entries from the World Endurance Championship, 13 entries came from the European Le Mans Series, six from the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, eleven from the Asian Le Mans Series, while the rest of the field was filled with one-off entries only competing at Le Mans.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries, Entry list and reserves
Two cars were initially named to the reserve entry list for the event; RLR Msport later withdrew their LMP2 Ligier, while a fourth entry from Proton Competition remained without being promoted to the race. With the withdrawal of Audi Sport Team Joest from LMP1, the class was reduced to just six entries for the 24 Hours of Le Mans.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
A pre-Le Mans testing day was held at the circuit on 4 June, and mandated all entrants for the race to participate in eight hours of track time divided into two sessions. The morning session, held on a dirty track with lap times improving throughout, was led by pre-race favourites Toyota, with Nakajima's No. 8 car setting a lap time of 3 minutes and 20.778 seconds. The second Toyota of Kobayashi followed almost seven-tenths of a second in arrears, and José María López completed a Toyota sweep of the top three in the No. 9 car.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
Porsche were off Toyota's pace by more than two seconds and completed the LMP1 field with Bernhard fourth and Lotterer fifth. Orecas led LMP2 with 13 cars at the top of the time sheets, led by the No. 36 Signatech Alpine of André Negrão, the sole driver to go under than 3 minutes and 30 minutes with a 3 minutes and 29.809 seconds lap, ahead of Rebellion and Graff. LMGTE Pro was topped by Corvette with Magnussen's lap of 3 minutes and 55.726 seconds, followed by Patrick Pilet's No. 91 Porsche 911 RSR and the second Corvette of Oliver Gavin. The No. 77 Porsche driven by Matteo Cairoli was fastest in LMGTE Am, ahead of the DH Racing Ferrari 488 of Andrea Bertolini.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
The second session had Toyota continuing to lead the time sheets with Kobayashi setting a 3 minutes and 18.132 seconds lap, followed by Buemi whose best effort was 1.1 seconds slower and López was a further 2.2 seconds adrift in third. Porsche were still off Toyota's pace with their best effort coming from Bamber in the No. 2 car followed by Jani in the sister No. 1 entry.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
Nelson Panciatici in the No. 35 Signatech Alpine improved the fastest lap in LMP2 to finish in front of the sole LMP1 privateer, the No. 4  ByKolles Racing ENSO CLM P1/01 of Dominik Kraihamer, for sixth overall, putting him ahead of Jean-Éric Vergne's No. 24 Manor Oreca and the No. 37 Jackie Chan DC Racing car of Alex Brundle.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
Gavin missed 91 minutes due to a mid-session engine change but recorded the best LMGTE Pro lap of the day at 3 minutes and 54.701 seconds towards the end of testing to displace Frédéric Makowiecki's No. 92 Porsche at the top of the time sheets. Aston Martin led LMGTE Am with Pedro Lamy's 3 minutes and 58.250 seconds lap time to go two-tenths of a second ahead of Fernando Rees in the Larbre Compétition Corvette. The No. 33 Eurasia Motorsport Ligier JS P217 of Erik Maris stopped the session by becoming stranded in the Dunlop Curves gravel trap.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
Paul-Loup Chatin's No. 17 IDEC Sport Ligier and Jan Lammers in the Racing Team Nederland Dallara made contact at the second Mulsanne Chicane but both continued without major damage. The session prematurely ended with less than fifteen minutes remaining when the No. 25 Manor of Roberto González laid oil on the track and stopped.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
Official practice was held on 14 June with the full 60-car field on track for four hours in hot and sunny weather conditions. Toyota led from the offset once again, with Lapierre setting the early pace and remained at the top for most of the session until Bamber bettered Lapierre's effort. Kobayashi improved on Porsche's time until he was overtaken in the final five minutes by Jani with a lap of 3 minutes and 20.362 seconds.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
Alex Lynn in the No. 26 G-Drive Racing car led LMP2 with less than forty minutes left with a lap of 3 minutes and 30.363 seconds and displaced the No. 13 Rebellion of Nelson Piquet Jr. Bruno Senna's sister No. 31 Rebellion was third. Aston Martins and Corvettes led LMGTE Pro from the start until Sam Bird's No. 71 AF Corse Ferrari topped the time sheets with a 3 minutes and 54.832 seconds effort. The best Aston Martin was placed second with Darren Turner's No. 97 vehicle and the second AF Corse car of James Calado placed third.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Testing and practice
In LMGTE Am, the quickest vehicle was the No. 98 Aston Martin of Lamy, ahead of a trio of Ferraris led by DH Racing. The safety cars were required for one hour and fifteen minutes after Christian Philippon's Larbre Compétition Corvette went off the track leaving the Porsche Curves and damaged the car's bodywork in an impact with a tyre barrier. Stephane Lemeret's No. 88 Proton Porsche scraped a barrier through the Porsche Curves but continued to the pit lane for repairs. The Cetilar Villorba Corse Dallara of Roberto Lacorte slid into the Mulsanne Corner gravel trap and had to abandon the car.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
The first of three qualifying sessions began late Wednesday night under clear conditions. The start was delayed due to an incident during practice for the first Road to Le Mans race in which a major crash necessitated barrier repairs to the Porsche Curves and the session was shortened by twenty minutes. Slow zones and yellow flags limited the amount of quick running, and the rapidly cooling track meant the best chance to set the fastest lap times was missed.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
The first timed laps of the session had Porsche lead early on with a benchmark effort from Jani, followed by Bernhard's 3 minutes and 19.710 seconds lap. Fifteen minutes later, Kobayashi had no slower traffic impeding him and topped the session with a time of 3 minutes and 18.793 seconds for provisional pole position. Nakajima followed six-tenths of a second behind in second and Bernhard's effort put him in provisional third. Lapierre was the slowest of the three Toyotas in fourth and Jani was off the pace. Rounding out the LMP1 field was Kraihamer whose fastest time was ten seconds slower than the leading Toyota but clear of the LMP2 field.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
Matthieu Vaxivière carried TDS Racing's Oreca to provisional pole in LMP2 with a time of 3 minutes and 29.333 seconds set late in the session. He was half a second clear of Senna who held the class pole until Vaxivière's lap. The No. 25 Manor, driven by Vitaly Petrov, was third-fastest and was followed by teammate Vergne in fourth. Eric Trouillet in the No. 39 Graff Oreca caused the session's first yellow flag when he clouted the barriers leaving the second Mulsanne Chicane.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
The No. 27 SMP Racing Dallara caused further disruption when it reportedly impacted the barriers and suffered a fire that was extinguished quickly. Aston Martin topped the LMGTE categories, with Nicki Thiim setting the fastest time of 3 minutes and 52.117 seconds in the No. 95 car, while Mathias Lauda was the fastest Amateur class entry with a 3 minutes and 55.134 seconds lap. The No. 82 Risi Competizione Ferrari 488 was eleventh amongst LMGTEs before ACO officials disallowed their fastest lap times for the team transgressing parc fermé regulations by handling the tyres after the session.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
Thursday's first qualifying session began with a stoppage for a crash. Maris spun and crashed his No. 33 car heavily into the outside barriers leaving the first Mulsanne Chicane seventeen minutes in. Maris was unhurt but he was transported to the medical centre for a precautionary check-up. This meant organisers rescheduled second qualifying to end at 21:30 Central European Summer Time (CEST) (UTC+02:00). When it restarted, Kobayashi exited the pit lane early. He was aided by tailwinds on the Mulsanne Straight and headwinds through the Porsche Curves to set a new provisional pole lap of 3 minutes and 14.791 seconds.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
The No. 8 Toyota stopped leaving the second Mulsanne Chicane with an oil supply problem that necessitated an engine change. The Toyota returned to the track with ten minutes remaining but fell to fourth as Buemi could not improve on its best time. Jani and Bernhard in the two Porsches bettered their lap times and moved to second and third. Yuji Kunimoto also improved the No. 9 Toyota's best lap but fell to fifth.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
Petrov's Manor set a new LMP2 class lap record with a time of 3 minutes and 25.549 more than a second faster than rookie Thomas Laurent in Jackie Chan DC Racing's No. 38 vehicle and the sister Manor of Vergne. Petrov consequently demoted the ByKolles car to seventh overall. The LMGTE categories had some changes with Aston Martin remaining the leaders in Pro but Jonathan Adam bettered Thiim's first qualification session lap with Calado improving to second. Euan Hankey became the provisional LMGTE Am pole sitter before Will Stevens eclipsed his time to take over the position.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
At the premature end to qualifying with half an hour left, Timothé Buret drove onto grass in the No. 23 Panis Barthez Competition Ligier and lost control of his car. Buret heavily damaged the vehicle in an impact with a barrier and was stranded in a gravel trap entering Tertre Rouge corner.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
As temperatures cooled for the final qualifying session, more than half the field improved their fastest laps, but Kobayashi's time could not be bettered by any other LMP1 driver. He thus held the record to clinch Toyota's third pole position at Le Mans and their first since 2014. Nakajima improved the No. 8 car's time by more than two seconds to start alongside the sister No. 7 Toyota on the grid's front row. Porsche did not improve on their times from the second qualifying session and settled for third and fourth.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
Hartley precautionarily slowed and stopped the No. 2 Porsche at Indianapolis corner due to rising oil temperatures. He attempted to return to the pit lane on electric power but was forced to abandon the car. Lapierre improved early on but could only muster fifth position. Oliver Webb used clear air to move the ByKolles car back to sixth overall but was more than nine seconds off the pace. Lynn reset the LMP2 lap record early on by 11.3 seconds over the 2016 time. demoting the No. 25 Manor Oreca to second. Ho-Pin Tung's No. 38 Jackie Chan DC Racing car took third and battled with Senna for the position. Oreca chassis, as well as the variant Alpine chassis, secured the first nine positions in LMP2, while the Dallara of SMP Racing was the fastest of the other chassis in tenth place.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
Aston Martin led LMGTE Pro with Richie Stanaway setting a new class record before Turner improved with a 3 minutes and 50.837 lap to secure the British marque's first category pole since 2015. The two cars were separated by Calado in the closing minutes and Bird came within 0.048 seconds of Stanaway's effort. All five manufacturers in LMGTE Pro were within a second of Turner's lap, with the fastest Ford in fifth courtesy of Ryan Briscoe, Antonio García taking sixth for Corvette and Porsche's best time came from Michael Christensen in seventh.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying
The lead in LMGTE Am changed with Rees earning Larbre Compétition's first class pole for ten years with a time of 3 minutes and 52.843 seconds, almost four-tenths of a second clear of Lamy's No. 98 Aston Martin in second and the No. 62 Scuderia Corsa Ferrari of Townsend Bell in third.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Qualifying, Qualifying results
Provisional pole positions in each class are denoted in bold. The fastest time set by each entry is denoted with a gray background.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Warm-up
The cars took to the circuit on Saturday morning for a 45-minute warm-up session. The No. 8 Toyota driven by Nakajima set the fastest time with a late lap of 3 minutes and 18.308 seconds. The sister Toyota of Kobayashi was three-tenths of a second slower in second place. The best placed Porsche was Tandy's No. 1 car in third having led the majority of the session. Kunimoto was fourth-fastest and Hartley rounded the top five. The fastest LMP2 lap was set by Lynn with a time of 3 minutes and 27.096 seconds.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Warm-up
Briscoe, driving the No. 69 Ford GT, was the quickest driver in LMGTE Pro with the No. 83 DH Racing Ferrari driven by Bertolini the fastest of the LMGTE Am drivers by more than a second. Paul Lafargue oversteered the No. 17 IDEC Sport car driving through the Porsche Curves and made contact with the barriers before stopping in the gravel trap. Lafargue returned to the pit lane for repairs.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Race summary
The weather conditions on the grid at the start of the race were sunny and hot. The air temperature throughout the race was between 19 and 32 °C (66 and 90 °F) and the track temperature ranged from 27 to 38 °C (81 to 100 °F). 258,500 people were in attendance. The race began at 15:00 local time, with the chairman and chief executive of the Formula One Group Chase Carey having the honour of waving the French Tricolour to start the race.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Race summary
After pre-race problems the LMP1 No. 4 ByKolles Racing Team entry retired after completing seven laps due to a loss of compression in the engine. Toyota established a healthy lead in the early hours of the race and the No. 2 Porsche took a lengthy stop after three and a half hours to fix its front axle, losing touch with the leaders. Four and a half hours in the No. 8 Toyota also had to make repairs in the pits, dropping them from contention for the win.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Race summary
Ten hours in, the overall leader Kobayashi in the No. 7 Toyota, suffered a clutch failure and could not make it back to the pits under hybrid power, forcing its retirement. The No. 7 Toyota's retirement was attributed to Algarve Pro Racing's Vincent Capillare running up to the car and gave Kobayashi the thumbs up which the latter interpreted as a signal to leave the pit lane. Toyota then told Kobayashi over the radio to stop but this created further confusion. This was quickly followed by the No. 9 Toyota colliding with an LMP2 car which caused a puncture.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Race summary
The debris left on the wheel rim caused further damage to the No. 9's gearbox and forced it to retire. These events left the No. 1 Porsche with a large lead in the overall standings. However, with four hours to go, it failed too and retired from the race. This left the No. 38 LMP2 car as the overall leader, meaning that for the first time in history the race was led by an LMP2 runner.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Race summary
The eventual winner was the No. 2 Porsche (coming back from its early repair stop), passing the No. 38 with less than two hours to go and taking victory with 367 laps; the No. 8 Toyota, in eighth, was the only other LMP1 car to finish the race (also after an early repair stop). The No. 97 Aston Martin Vantage battled with the No. 63 Chevrolet Corvette C7.R, until a tire puncture on the last lap slowed the Corvette, and allowed Aston Martin to take victory in the LMGTE Pro class.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Race summary
Following the race, the third-place overall finisher No. 13 Rebellion Oreca was disqualified by race officials after it was found that the team had modified the rear bodywork by cutting a hole to allow them to hit a faulty starter motor. This modification was declared an unnecessary modification of a homologated part of the bodywork. The disqualification promoted the second Jackie Chan DC Racing car to third place overall and second in class.


2017 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Race result
The minimum number of laps for classification (70 per cent of the overall winning car's race distance) was 257 laps. Class winners in bold.


2017 24 Hours of Nürburgring
The 2017 ADAC Zurich 24 Hours of Nürburgring was the 45th running of the 24 Hours of Nürburgring. It took place over 25-28 May 2017.


2017 24 Hours of Nürburgring
The #29 Audi Sport Team Land / Land-Motorsport team won the race in an Audi R8 LMS.


2017 24 Hours of Spa
The 2017 Total Spa 24 Hours was the 69th running of the Spa 24 Hours. It was also the fourth round of the 2017 Blancpain GT Series Endurance Cup and was held on 29 and 30 July at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Belgium.


2017 24 Hours of Spa
The race was won by  Audi Sport Team Saintéloc and drivers Christopher Haase, Jules Gounon and Markus Winkelhock.


2017 24H Proto Series
The 2017 24H Proto Series is the first season of the 24H Proto Series, presented by Creventic. The races are contested with LMP3 cars and Group CN cars.


2017 24H Series
The 2017 24H Series powered by Hankook is the third season of the 24H Series with drivers battling for championship points and titles and the tenth season since Creventic, the organiser and promoter of the series, organised multiple races a year. The races are contested with GT3-spec cars, GT4-spec cars, sports cars, touring cars and 24H-Specials, like silhouette cars.


2017 3. deild karla
The 2017 3. deild karla (English: Men's Third Division) was the 5th season of fourth-tier Icelandic football in its ten team league format. The league began on 12 May and concluded on 16 September.


2017 3. deild karla, Teams
The league was contested by ten clubs. Eight remained in the division from the 2016 season, while four new clubs joined the 3. deild karla:


2017 3. deild karla, Results grid
Each team plays every opponent once home and away for a total of 18 matches per club, and 90 matches altogether.


2017 3. divisjon
The 2017 season of the 3. divisjon, the fourth highest association football league for men in Norway.


2017 3. divisjon
26 games were played in 6 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. 6 group winners were promoted to the 2. divisjon.


2017 4 Nations Cup
The 2017 4 Nations Cup was a women's ice hockey tournament held in Tampa and Wesley Chapel, Florida, United States. It was the 22nd edition of the 4 Nations Cup.


2017 4 Nations Cup, Statistics, Scoring leaders
Only the top ten skaters, sorted by points, then goals, are included in this list.


2017 4 Nations Cup, Statistics, Scoring leaders
GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalties in Minutes; POS = PositionSource:


2017 4 Nations Cup, Statistics, Scoring leaders, Goaltending leaders
Only the top four goaltenders, based on save percentage, who played at least 40% of their team's minutes, are included in this list.


2017 4 Nations Cup, Statistics, Scoring leaders, Goaltending leaders
TOI = Time on Ice (minutes:seconds); SA = Shots Against; GA = Goals Against; GAA = Goals Against Average; Sv% = Save Percentage; SO = ShutoutsSource:


2017 4. deild karla
The 2017 4. deild karla season was the 5th since its establishment. The first match of the season was played on 19 May and the season concluded on 16 September with the promotion play-off final. KH and Augnablik were promoted to 2018 3. deild karla


2017 4. deild karla, Overview before the season
33 teams are participating in the league, including two relegated from the 2016 3. deild karla.


2017 4. deild karla, Promotion playoffs
The top two teams from each of the four groups qualify for the promotion playoffs. There are three rounds of matches, quarter-finals, semi-finals and the final. There's also a play-off to decide third and fourth place. The quarter-finals and semi-finals are two-legged knockout stages, i.e. winners are decided over two legs. Tie-breakers for the knockout matches over two legs are: 1) aggregate score from the two legs, 2) away goals, 3) extra time, 4) penalties. The two semi-final winners, and the finalists, will gain promotion to 2018 3. deild karla. The final winner will become champion of 4. deild karla.


2017 4. deild karla, Promotion playoffs, Final
KH and Augnablik were both promoted to 3. deild karla


2017 4. divisjon
The 2017 season of the 4. divisjon, the fifth highest association football league for men in Norway.


2017 4. divisjon
Between 22 and 26 games (depending on group size) were played in 24 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Group winners were promoted to the 3. divisjon.


2017 470 World Championships
The 470 World Championships were held in Thessaloniki, Greece 7–15 July 2017.


2017 470 World Championships, Results, Men's 470
Legend:   – Qualified for medal race(s); BFD – Black flag disqualification; DNC – Did not come to the starting area; DNF – Did not finish; DSQ – Disqualified; RDG – Redress given; UFD – "U" flag disqualification;


2017 470 World Championships, Results, Women's 470
Legend:   – Qualified for medal race(s); BFD – Black flag disqualification; DNC – Did not come to the starting area; DNF – Did not finish; DSQ – Disqualified; RDG – Redress given; UFD – "U" flag disqualification;


2017 49er & 49er FX World Championships
The 2017 49er & 49er FX World Championships were held in Matosinhos, Portugal 28 August – 2 September 2017. 140 teams from 27 nations competed in the regatta that saw British Dylan Fletcher-Scott and Stuart Bithell  as winners of the 49er class and Danish Jena Mai Hansen and Katja Salskov-Iversen  as winners of the 49er FX class.


2017 49er & 49er FX World Championships, Results, 49er
Legend: BFD – Black flag disqualification; DNC – Did not come to the starting area; DNF – Did not finish; DSQ – Disqualified; RDG – Redress given; UFD – "U" flag disqualification;


2017 49er & 49er FX World Championships, Results, 49er FX
Legend:   – Qualified for medal race(s); BFD – Black flag disqualification; DNC – Did not come to the starting area; DNF – Did not finish; DSQ – Disqualified; RDG – Redress given; UFD – "U" flag disqualification;


2017 6 Hours of Bahrain
The 2017 6 Hours of Bahrain was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Bahrain International Circuit, Sakhir, Bahrain on 16–18 November 2017, and served as the ninth and last race of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship. Toyota's Anthony Davidson, Sébastien Buemi and Kazuki Nakajima won the race driving the No. 8 Toyota TS050 Hybrid. This was the last race of the Porsche 919 Hybrid. This would be the last time the race would be run in a 6 Hours format, with the race being extended to 8 hours for the 2019–20 FIA World Endurance Championship, after being absent from the 2018–19 FIA World Endurance Championship.


2017 6 Hours of Circuit of the Americas
The 2017 6 Hours of Circuit of the Americas was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Circuit of the Americas, Austin, USA, on 15–17 September 2017, and served as the sixth round of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship season. Porsche's Timo Bernhard, Brendon Hartley and Earl Bamber won the race driving the No. 2 Porsche 919 Hybrid car, after the #1 was forced to yield to #2 under team orders.


2017 6 Hours of Fuji
The 2017 6 Hours of Fuji was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Fuji Speedway, Oyama, Japan on 13–15 October 2017, and served as the seventh race of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship. Toyota TS050 Hybrid's Anthony Davidson, Sébastien Buemi and Kazuki Nakajima won the race driving the No. 8 Toyota Gazoo Racing car.


2017 6 Hours of Mexico
The 2017 WEC 6 Hours of Mexico was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez, Mexico on 1–3 September 2017. The Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez round served as the fifth race of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship. The race was won by the No. 2 Porsche entered by Porsche Motorsport. The LMP1 grid for the race was reduced, due to the absence of the ByKolles Racing Team


2017 6 Hours of Mexico, Qualifying, Qualifying result
Pole position winners in each class are marked in bold.


2017 6 Hours of Nürburgring
The 2017 6 Hours of Nürburgring (formally the WEC 6 Hours of Nürburgring) was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Nürburgring, Nürburg, Germany on 16 July 2017. The race was won by the #2 Porsche 919 Hybrid, run by the factory Porsche LMP Team, with the #1 car finishing in 2nd place due to team orders being issued against them.


2017 6 Hours of Shanghai
The 2017 6 Hours of Shanghai was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Shanghai International Circuit, Shanghai, China on 3—5 November 2017, and served as the eighth race of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship. Toyota's Anthony Davidson, Sébastien Buemi and Kazuki Nakajima won the race driving the No. 8 Toyota TS050 Hybrid.


2017 6 Hours of Silverstone
The 2017 6 Hours of Silverstone was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Silverstone Circuit in Northamptonshire, England on 14–16 April 2017. Silverstone served as the opening round of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship, and was the sixth running of the event as part of the championship. The event was won by the #8 Toyota Gazoo Racing TS050 Hybrid


2017 6 Hours of Silverstone, Qualifying, Qualifying results
Pole position winners in each class are marked in bold.


2017 6 Hours of Silverstone, Race, Race result
The minimum number of laps for classification (70% of the overall winning car's race distance) was 138 laps. Class winners in bold.


2017 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps
The 2017 WEC 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, formally the WEC 6 Heures de Spa-Francorchamps, was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Stavelot, Belgium on 4–6 May 2017. It was the second race of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship, and was the sixth running of the event as part of the championship. The event was won by the #8 Toyota Gazoo Racing Toyota TS050 Hybrid


2017 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, Qualifying, Qualifying results
Pole position winners in each class are marked in bold.


2017 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, Race, Race result
The minimum number of laps for classification (70% of the overall winning car's race distance) was 122 laps. Class winners in bold.


2017 6 Hours of The Glen
The 2017 Sahlen's Six Hours of the Glen was an endurance race sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA). The race was held at Watkins Glen International in Watkins Glen, New York on the July 2nd, 2017. This race was the sixth round of the 2017 WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.


2017 6 Hours of The Glen, Practice and qualifying, Qualifying Results
Pole positions in each class are indicated in bold and by .


2017 6 Metre World Cup
The 2017 6 Metre World Cup was held in Vancouver, Canada 17–21 September 2017 hosted by Royal Vancouver Yacht Club. Phillippe Durr won the World Championship title.


2017 6 Metre World Cup, Results, Open division
Source: Legend: DNC – Did not come to the starting area; DSQ – Disqualified; RET – Retired; UFD – "U" flag disqualification; † – Discarded race not counted in the overall result;


2017 6 Metre World Cup, Results, Classic division
Source: Legend: DSQ – Disqualified; OCS – On the course side of the starting line; RET – Retired; SCP – Took a scoring penalty; UFD – "U" flag disqualification; † – Discarded race not counted in the overall result;


2017 A Lyga
The 2017 A Lyga was the 28th season of the A Lyga, the top-tier association football league of Lithuania. The season began on 3 March 2017 and ended on 19 November 2017.


2017 A Lyga
All eight teams from the previous season remained and competed in the league, while Žalgiris Vilnius began the season as defending champions having won fourth consecutive league title last year.


2017 A Lyga
Sūduva Marijampolė won the championship for the first time in their 96-year history, becoming the eighth club to win the league since its creation in 1991.


2017 A Lyga, Teams
A total of eight teams should have contested the league, including six sides from the previous season, one promoted from the 2016 LFF I Lyga and the winners of the 2016 A Lyga Relegation play-offs.


2017 A Lyga, Teams
Utenis managed to withstand against I Lyga runners-up Palanga in the play-offs and for the 3rd consecutive season continued to play in the A Lyga.


2017 A Lyga, Teams
2015 LFF I Lyga champions FK Lietava changed they name to FK Jonava after received permission from Lithuanian Football Federation.


2017 A Lyga, Teams
Kauno Žalgiris were relegated at the end of 2016 season and replaced by 2016 LFF I Lyga champions Šilas. It was going to be a debut in the top tier for Kazlų Rūda team.


2017 A Lyga, Teams
Before the beginning of the season, newcomers Šilas were accused of match-fixing during a 2017 Virsligas Winter Cup match with FS METTA. Soon after Lithuanian Football Federation started an investigation to determine validity of these claims. At the time all club trainings and friendly matches were revoked. On 24 February, club chairman Audrius Raškauskas announced, that players received a permission to look for the new clubs while Šilas most probably will withdrew from the league into lower divisions of Lithuanian football.


2017 A Lyga, Teams
On 24 February 2017 Lithuanian Football Federation announced that Šilas withdrew from the league and will be replaced by last year participants Kauno Žalgiris, who were only non-participating team, which received a valid license for A Lyga.


2017 A Lyga, Teams, Personnel and kits
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players and Managers may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2017 A Lyga, Relegation play-offs
The 7th placed team faced the runners-up of the 2017 LFF I Lyga for a two-legged play-off. The winner on aggregate score after both matches earned entry into the 2018 A Lyga.


2017 A Lyga, Positions by round
The table lists the positions of teams after each week of matches. In order to preserve chronological progress, any postponed matches are not included in the round at which they were originally scheduled, but added to the full round they were played immediately afterwards. For example, if a match is scheduled for matchday 13, but then postponed and played between days 16 and 17, it will be added to the standings for day 16.


2017 A Lyga, Attendance
— Official attendance statistic from one of the Kauno Žalgiris matches was not publicly released.


2017 A Lyga, Awards, Yearly awards
Awards were presented at the LFF Awards ceremony, which was held on December 4. Finalists for voted awards were announced after the season and winners were presented at the award ceremony.


2017 A Lyga, "Golden Heart" initiative
From 2016 season A lyga together with Lithuanian Football Federation decided to expand project "Bring you hearts to the stadium" and honor players who played 10 or more times for the Lithuania national team with golden heart on their shirts.


2017 A Lyga, "Golden Heart" initiative
Furthermore, Karolis Chvedukas was eligible to receive his "Heart" during the season, as he met qualification criterios.