2016 Vanuatuan general election, Background
In recent years more than 30 parties have won seats in the Vanuatuan parliament. A ruling government needs to have a majority of parliamentarians to pass legislation and effectively rule. Consequently, coalitions are necessary to govern in Vanuatu. Coalitions often struggle to find a common legislative agenda to lead the nation which can be a cause of political instability. Following the 2012 Vanuatu election, there were five successive Cabinets of Vanuatu which were either formed after votes of no-confidence or after members had deserted the cabinet for the opposition.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Background
Clientelism has been a problem in Vanuatuan politics since the country's independence in 1980. Often the lines between clientelism and corruption in Vanuatu have been ill-defined. The successful conviction of 14 MPs, including two former prime ministers, for bribery was one of the largest steps taken to combat corruption. The Supreme Court found that while in the opposition in 2014, former prime minister Moana Carcasses Kalosil bribed parliamentarians with 35 million vatu (US$300,000) to support a no-confidence motion. He then became deputy Prime Minister in Sato Kilman's Cabinet.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Background
The court convicted Carcasses and the other 13 parliamentarians, including the Speaker Marcellino Pipite, for offering and receiving bribes; they sentenced the MPs in November 2015 to three years in jail and banned them from public office for 10 years. As this verdict was delivered while President Lonsdale was out of the country, the speaker assumed the role of the president and issued pardons for all involved including himself. Lonsdale overturned the pardons when he returned to Vanuatu the following day.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Background
As several of the convicted parliamentarians were members of the Cabinet of Vanuatu, Prime Minister Sato Kilman was unable to effectively rule. Kilman was not able to form a new government -  nearly 1/3 of MPs were in jail - which led to governmental gridlock causing the Parliament to be dissolved by the president. The traditional chiefs of Vanuatu - the Malvatumauri - called for calm during this process and asked that the people allow for the legal process to unfold, suggesting that their power is mostly ceremonial and is limited politically. Following this failure to form a new government, Lonsdale called a snap election for 22 January 2016.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Background
Some of the jailed MPs reportedly formed a music group called the Vanuatu Political Croonies.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Campaign
The official campaign began on 5 January 2016. A total of 261 candidates contested the elections, including 68 independents and 193 representing 36 political parties. The convicted MPs were not permitted to run as one cannot run for office in Vanuatu if they have a criminal conviction. Candidates who could afford to pay for airtime dominated mainstream media during the campaign; social media played an important role in this election. Only 10 women contested seats in this election and youth engagement in the campaign and election appears to have increased from 2012 but remained low.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Conduct
Polls opened throughout the country on 22 January at 7:30AM and closed at 4:30PM. To facilitate high turnout levels, the government declared the day a public holiday. Schools, churches and other public centers transformed into polling stations. The Commonwealth and the Melanesian Spearhead Group observed the election to ensure electoral integrity.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Conduct
Both groups of international observers remarked that turnout was low. The process of voting in Vanuatu works as follows: People who are 18 and above can vote if they have a voter card. The details are verified twice with the citizen then given an envelope with a sheet with the name, picture and political party symbol on a piece of paper. Each candidate had a different colored sticky paper attachment. In the voting booth, the voter identifies their preferred candidate, rips off the corresponding piece of paper and puts it into the envelope. The envelope is then dropped into a ballot box. The voter then retrieves their voter card and their thumb is inked. Voters are also able to proxy vote for two others while they cast their own vote.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Conduct
The election day was peaceful and orderly. Voters headed to the polls early. Women and youth turned out to vote in high numbers. The conduct at polling stations did not vary around the country, suggesting relatively sufficient following of electoral rules.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Conduct
After the polls closed at 4:30PM, the workers at the polling stations counted the ballots. As Vanuatu employs the first-past-the-post system and the single non-transferable vote system, the process of counting the votes was straightforward. Each candidate's number of votes were tallied and sent to the independently run Vanuatu Electoral Commission who announced the winners for each parliamentary seat.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Conduct
The Electoral Integrity Project, an academic group that aims to quantify the integrity of elections worldwide, studied Vanuatu's 2016 election. By asking experts on Vanuatuan politics to rank the integrity of various electoral issues, the group found that the election was generally fair and just. However, they also suggest in their rankings that voters may have been bribed and that some may have received cash for votes. It was found likely that politicians offered patronage to voters, confirming at least some clientelism in Vanuatuan politics.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Results
As candidates only need to receive more votes than their competitor, all MPs were elected with 41% or less of the vote. All parties received less than 15% of the vote. The races were extremely tight – in the constituency of Paama, MP Fred William Tasso won his seat by seven votes. The candidates who won represented diverse interests including different tribes and linguistic groups - although zero women won seats. Multiple new political parties won seats in this Parliament and the percentage of votes roughly equaled the percentage of seats granted.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Results
In the official results, the Melanesian Progressive Party obtained one seat at the Éfaté constituency; however, weeks later the Court ordered a recount of the ballots and awarded the disputed seat to the Land and Justice Party.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Aftermath
As there was not a clear majority of seats won by a single political party, parliamentarians from eight political parties and independent groups created a coalition to form a government. This coalition called for Charlot Salwai, a francophone, to be elected as Prime Minister on 11 February 2016. The opposition did not oppose this motion and Salwai was elected Prime Minister of Vanuatu by parliamentary vote. He declared his Cabinet the following day.


2016 Vanuatuan general election, Aftermath
A by-election was called in June 2016 to elect an MP for the Malo/Aore constituency after the death of Havo Molisale. Uri Warawara of the Land and Justice Party defeated Bani Livo, an independent candidate.


2016 Varsity Cup
The 2016 Varsity Cup was contested from 8 February to 11 April 2016. The tournament (also known as the FNB Varsity Cup presented by Steinhoff International for sponsorship reasons) was the ninth season of the Varsity Cup, an annual inter-university rugby union competition featuring eight South African universities.


2016 Varsity Cup
The tournament was won by  NWU Pukke, who beat  Maties 7–6 in the final played on 11 April 2016. No team was automatically relegated to the second-tier Varsity Shield competition for 2017 and bottom side  UCT Ikey Tigers beat  UWC in a relegation play-off to remain in the competition for 2017.


2016 Varsity Cup
Following a disruption during the Round Three match between  UFS Shimlas and  NMMU Madibaz and general unrest on various university campuses, all fixtures scheduled for 29 February were postponed to 4 April, with the semi-finals and final also postponed by a week. On 1 March, it was also announced that the round of matches scheduled for 7 March would also be postponed, with the situation at various universities being monitored to determine when the competition would resume. After a meeting by the executive management of Varsity Rugby on 9 March, it was decided that all remaining matches in the competition would be played at neutral venues and that matches should resume on 14 March.


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
There were eight participating universities in the 2016 Varsity Cup. These teams played each other once over the course of the season, either home or away.


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
Teams received four points for a win and two points for a draw. Bonus points were awarded to teams that scored four or more tries in a game, as well as to teams that lost a match by seven points or less. Teams were ranked by log points, then points difference (points scored less points conceded).


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
The top four teams qualified for the title play-offs. In the semi-finals, the team that finished first had home advantage against the team that finished fourth, while the team that finished second had home advantage against the team that finished third. The winners of these semi-finals played each other in the final, at the home venue of the higher-placed team.


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
The bottom team in the Varsity Cup qualified for a relegation play-off against the runner-up of the Varsity Shield at the end of the season.


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
The Varsity Cup introduced a new scoring system for 2016, where tries could be worth five, seven or nine points, depending on the point where the try-scoring move originated. If the try-scoring move originated in the opponents' 22, it would count five points. If the try-scoring move originated between the halfway line and the opponents' 22, two bonus points were awarded for a seven-point try. If the try originated in the try-scoring team's own half, four bonus points were awarded and the try would be worth nine points. In another change from previous seasons, the points for kicks reverted to the common scoring system used in rugby union – conversions were worth two points, while penalties and drop goals were worth three points.


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
While the 2014 and 2015 editions of the Varsity Cup saw all matches officiated by two referees, this reverted to just one official for 2016.


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
The Varsity Cup also retained the White Card system introduced in 2015, but only for the semi-finals and the final. Under this system, either team's coach or captain could refer incidents for further review, similar to the Umpire Decision Review System used in cricket. They could have incidents reviewed that they believed were either given incorrectly or went unnoticed by the on-field referees. Each team was entitled to one review in each half of the match; if a review proved successful, the team retained their white card review for that half, but if it was unsuccessful, they lost the right to further reviews for the remainder of the half.


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
There were two further changes introduced for the 2016 season. Firstly, if a maul did not move forwards for a period of five seconds, the referee would give the team in possession a further three seconds to use the ball and failure to do so resulted in turnover of possession. Secondly, the traditional "crouch, bind, set" scrum call was changed to "crouch, bind, slide", with the slide call ensuring no impact between the front rows.


2016 Varsity Cup, Competition rules and information
There were also some changes to the quota system: the number of players of colour that had to be included in a matchday 23 was increased from six to seven, with three of those in the starting line-up. Teams were allowed to field four first-year students under the age of 22, of which three have to be players of colour. Three additional first-year students could be fielded with no racial quotas, provided they were in Grade 12 at high school in 2015.


2016 Varsity Cup, Teams
The following teams took part in the 2016 Varsity Cup competition:


2016 Varsity Cup, Standings
The top four teams qualified to the semi-finals. The first-placed team hosted the fourth-placed team and the second-placed team hosted the third-placed team. The higher-ranked semi-final winner then hosted the lower-ranked semi-final winner in the final. The bottom side qualified for the relegation play-offs.


2016 Varsity Cup, Standings
Points breakdown:* 4 points for a win* 2 points for a draw* 1 bonus point for a loss by seven points or less* 1 bonus point for scoring four or more tries in a match


2016 Varsity Cup, Standings, Round-by-round
The table below shows each team's progression throughout the season. For each round, their cumulative points total is shown with the overall log position in brackets:


2016 Varsity Cup, Matches
The following matches were played in the 2016 Varsity Cup:


2016 Varsity Cup, Honours
The honour roll for the 2016 Varsity Cup was as follows:


2016 Varsity Cup, Players, Player statistics
The following table contain points that were scored in the 2016 Varsity Cup:


2016 Varsity Cup, Players, Squads
The following squads were named for the 2016 Varsity Cup:


2016 Varsity Cup, Players, Discipline
The following table contains all the cards handed out during the tournament:


2016 Varsity Cup, Referees
The following referees officiated matches in the 2016 Varsity Cup:


2016 Varsity Rugby
2016 Varsity Rugby was the 2016 edition of four rugby union competitions annually played between several university teams in South Africa. It was contested from 1 February to 18 April 2016 and was the ninth edition of these competitions.


2016 Varsity Rugby
Following a disruption during the Varsity Cup Round Three match between  UFS Shimlas and  NMMU Madibaz and general unrest on various university campuses, all fixtures scheduled for 29 February were postponed to 4 April, with the semi-finals and final also postponed by a week. On 1 March, it was also announced that the round of matches scheduled for 7 March would also be postponed, with the situation at various universities being monitored to determine when the competition will resume.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Rules
All four 2016 Varsity Rugby competitions used a different scoring system to the regular system. In the Varsity Cup, tries could be worth five, seven or nine points, depending on the point of origin of the try. In the Varsity Shield, Young Guns and Koshuis Rugby Championship competitions, tries were worth five points as usual, but conversions were worth three points, while penalties and drop goals were only worth two points.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Varsity Cup
The following teams competed in the 2016 Varsity Cup:  CUT Ixias,  Maties,  NMMU Madibaz,  NWU Pukke,  UCT Ikey Tigers,  UFS Shimlas,  UJ and  UP Tuks. All these teams also played in the competition in 2015. The tournament was won by  NWU Pukke, who beat  Maties 7–6 in the final. UCT Ikey Tigers finished bottom of the log, but beat 2016 Varsity Shield runner-up  UWC in a relegation play-off to remain in the Varsity Cup for 2017.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Varsity Shield
The following teams competed in the 2016 Varsity Shield:  TUT Vikings,  UFH Blues,  UKZN Impi,  UWC and  Wits. The tournament was won by  Wits, who beat  UWC 39–2 in the final. Wits were automatically promoted to an expanded nine-team 2017 Varsity Cup, but runner-up  UWC lost to  UKZN Impi in a promotion play-off to remain in the Varsity Shield for 2017.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Promotion/relegation play-offs, 2017 Varsity Cup play-off
There was a promotion/relegation match between  UCT Ikey Tigers, who finished bottom team in the 2016 Varsity Cup and  UKZN Impi, who finished as runners-up in the 2016 Varsity Shield. UCT Ikey Tigers won 40–5 to retain their place in the Varsity Cup for 2017, while UWC remained in the Varsity Shield competition.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Young Guns, Competition Rules
There were eight participating universities in the 2016 Young Guns competition. These teams were divided into two pools and each team played every team in the other pool once over the course of the season, either home or away.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Young Guns, Competition Rules
Teams received four points for a win and two points for a draw. Bonus points were awarded to teams that scored four or more tries in a game, as well as to teams that lost a match by seven points or less. Teams were ranked by log points, then points difference (points scored less points conceded).


2016 Varsity Rugby, Young Guns, Competition Rules
The top two teams overall qualified for the title play-off final.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Young Guns, Standings
The final league standings for the 2016 Varsity Cup Young Guns were:


2016 Varsity Rugby, Young Guns, Matches
The following matches were played in the 2016 Varsity Young Guns:


2016 Varsity Rugby, Koshuis Rugby Championship, Competition Rules
There were eight participating teams in the 2016 Koshuis Rugby Championship competition, the winners of the internal leagues of each of the eight Varsity Cup teams. These teams were divided into two pools and each team played every team in the other pool once over the course of the season, either home or away.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Koshuis Rugby Championship, Competition Rules
Teams received four points for a win and two points for a draw. Bonus points were awarded to teams that scored four or more tries in a game, as well as to teams that lost a match by seven points or less. Teams were ranked by log points, then points difference (points scored less points conceded).


2016 Varsity Rugby, Koshuis Rugby Championship, Competition Rules
The top two teams overall qualified for the title play-off final.


2016 Varsity Rugby, Koshuis Rugby Championship, Standings
The final league standings for the 2016 Koshuis Rugby Championship were:


2016 Varsity Rugby, Koshuis Rugby Championship, Matches
The following matches were played in the 2016 Koshuis Rugby Championship:


2016 Varsity Shield
The 2016 Varsity Shield was contested from 1 February to 18 April 2016. The tournament (also known as the FNB Varsity Shield presented by Steinhoff International for sponsorship reasons) was the sixth season of the Varsity Shield, an annual second-tier inter-university rugby union competition featuring five South African universities.


2016 Varsity Shield
Following a disruption during the Varsity Cup Round Three match between  UFS Shimlas and  NMMU Madibaz and general unrest on various university campuses, all fixtures scheduled for 29 February were postponed to 4 April, with the semi-finals and final also postponed by a week. On 1 March, it was also announced that the round of matches scheduled for 7 March would also be postponed, with the situation at various universities being monitored to determine when the competition will resume. After a meeting by the executive management of Varsity Rugby on 9 March, it was decided that all remaining matches in the competition would be played at neutral venues and that matches should resume on 14 March.


2016 Varsity Shield
The tournament was won by  Wits for the second time; they beat  UWC 39–2 in the final played on 18 April 2016. Wits was also promoted to the top-tier Varsity Cup competition for 2017.


2016 Varsity Shield, Competition rules and information
There were five participating universities in the 2015 Varsity Shield. These teams played each other twice over the course of the season, once at home and once away.


2016 Varsity Shield, Competition rules and information
Teams received four points for a win and two points for a draw. Bonus points were awarded to teams that scored four or more tries in a game, as well as to teams that lost a match by seven points or less. Teams were ranked by log points, then points difference (points scored less points conceded).


2016 Varsity Shield, Competition rules and information
The top two teams qualified for the title play-offs. These teams played each other in the final, at the home venue of the higher-placed team.


2016 Varsity Shield, Competition rules and information
The Varsity Shield winner was promoted to the 2017 Varsity Cup competition, while the bottom team in the Varsity Cup was relegated to the 2017 Varsity Shield. There was also a promotion/relegation match between the 7th-placed team in the Varsity Cup and the Varsity Shield runner-up at the end of the 2016 season. Three new universities will join the Varsity Shield in 2017.


2016 Varsity Shield, Competition rules and information
The Varsity Shield used a different scoring system to the regular system. Tries were worth five points as usual, but conversions were worth three points, while penalties and drop goals were only worth two points.


2016 Varsity Shield, Standings
The final league standings for the 2016 Varsity Shield were:


2016 Varsity Shield, Standings
Points breakdown:* 4 points for a win* 2 points for a draw* 1 bonus point for a loss by eight points or less* 1 bonus point for scoring four or more tries in a match


2016 Varsity Shield, Matches
The following matches were played in the 2016 Varsity Shield:


2016 Varsity Shield, Honours
The honour roll for the 2016 Varsity Shield was as follows:


2016 Varsity Shield, Players, Player statistics
The following table contain points that were scored in the 2016 Varsity Shield:


2016 Varsity Shield, Players, Squads
The following squads were named for the 2016 Varsity Shield:


2016 Varsity Shield, Players, Discipline
The following table contains all the cards handed out during the tournament:


2016 Varsity Shield, Referees
The following referees officiated matches in the 2016 Varsity Shield:


2016 Vavaʻu 16 by-election
A by-election was held in the Vavaʻu 16 constituency in Tonga on 14 July 2016. It followed the conviction and unseating of MP ‘Etuate Lavulavu for bribery and campaign overspending, in January.


2016 Vavaʻu 16 by-election
There were four candidates: ‘Akosita Lavulavu (wife of the unseated MP), Viliami Latu (who held the seat as an independent from 2010 to 2014), ‘Atalasa Pouvalu, and ‘Ipeni Siale. The election was won by ‘Etuate Lavulavu's wife ‘Akosita Lavulavu, who thereby became the only female member in Parliament.


2016 Vavaʻu 16 by-election, 2014 result
The result in Vavaʻu 16 in the 2014 general election had been as follows:


2016 Vegas 16 Tournament
The 2016 Vegas 16 Tournament was a single-elimination postseason men's basketball tournament won by Old Dominion. The tournament consisted of eight National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I teams that did not receive bids to the NCAA Tournament or the NIT.


2016 Vegas 16 Tournament
Games were played at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Paradise, Nevada. First round games were March 28, with the semifinals March 29 and the championship March 30. All games aired on CBS Sports Network.


2016 Vegas 16 Tournament, Participants
The 8-team field for the inaugural Vegas 16 tournament was unveiled on March 14, 2016. While organizers had originally aimed to have a 16-team field, a decision was made to cut the size to 8 teams, stating that due to the results of conference tournaments, "we were hesitant to just fill out the bracket with 'available teams,' so by choosing quality over quantity, we settled on eight teams, many of which were considered for an NIT berth."


2016 Vegas 16 Tournament, MVP and all-tournament team
Trey Freeman of Old Dominion was named the tournament most valuable player. The following players were named to the all-tournament team:


2016 Vehbi Emre & Hamit Kaplan Tournament
The 34th Vehbi Emre & Hamit Kaplan Tournament 2016, was a wrestling event held in Istanbul, Turkey between 30 and 31 January 2016.


2016 Vehbi Emre & Hamit Kaplan Tournament
This international tournament includes competition men's Greco-Roman wrestling. This ranking tournament was held in honor of the Olympic Champion, Hamit Kaplan and  Turkish Wrestler and manager Vehbi Emre.


2016 Veikkausliiga
The 2016 Veikkausliiga is the eighty-sixth season of top-tier football in Finland. The season started on 2 April 2016; the regular season ended on 23 October 2016, with a promotion/relegation playoff continuing until 29 October. SJK were the defending champions.


2016 Veikkausliiga, Teams
FF Jaro were relegated to Ykkönen after finishing at the bottom of the 2015 season. Their place was taken by Ykkönen champions PS Kemi.


2016 Veikkausliiga, Teams
KTP as 11th-placed team lost their Veikkausliiga spot after losing to second-placed Ykkönen team PK-35 Vantaa 3–2 on aggregate in a relegation/promotion playoff.


2016 Venezuelan Primera División season
The 2016 Primera División season was the 35th professional season of Venezuela's top-flight football league.


2016 Venezuelan Primera División season, Teams
a: Used for most of the Torneo Clausura as home stadium due to remodeling works at Estadio Olímpico de la UCV.


2016 Venezuelan Primera División season, Torneo Apertura
The Torneo Apertura was the first tournament of the season. It began in January 2016 and ended in May 2016.


2016 Venezuelan Primera División season, Torneo Clausura
The Torneo Clausura will be the second tournament of the season. It began in July 2016 and will end in December 2016.


2016 Venezuelan Primera División season, Best of the Year
The Uruguayan newspaper El País chose the best player, manager and club of the 2016 season.


2016 Venezuelan Primera División season, Team of the Year
The newly formed AUFP chose the team of the year.


2016 Vermont Democratic presidential primary
The 2016 Vermont Democratic presidential primary took place on March 1 in the U.S. state of Vermont as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.


2016 Vermont Democratic presidential primary
On the same day, dubbed "Super Tuesday," Democratic primaries were held in ten other states plus American Samoa, while the Republican Party held primaries in eleven states including their own Vermont primary.


2016 Vermont Democratic presidential primary
This was the only state in the primary in which a candidate didn't receive any pledged delegates as Sanders strong victory over Clinton put her under the 15% threshold needed to obtain pledged delegates


2016 Vermont Democratic presidential primary, Analysis
Bernie Sanders won his largest victory of the entire 2016 primary season in his home state of Vermont, routing Hillary Clinton by a 72-point margin and therefore blocking her from collecting any pledged delegates from the state. He carried every county in the state. Sanders won all major demographics—age, gender, income and educational attainment levels. The electorate in Vermont was 95% white, with voters backing Sanders 86–13.


2016 Vermont Democratic presidential primary, Analysis
After voting in the primary, Sanders said of his chances in other Super Tuesday contests: "I am confident that if there is a large voter turnout today across this country, we will do well [...] If not we're going to be struggling."


2016 Vermont Republican presidential primary
The 2016 Vermont Republican presidential primary was held on March 1, 2016 along with ten other state nominating contests during Super Tuesday. Donald Trump won the popular vote but tied with rival John Kasich in the delegate count.


2016 Vermont elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Vermont on November 8, 2016. All of Vermont's executive officers were up for election as well as Vermont's Class III Senate seat and at-large seat in the United States House of Representatives. Primary elections were held on August 9, 2016.


2016 Vermont elections, Lieutenant Governor
Incumbent Republican Lieutenant Governor Phil Scott (since 2011) ran for Governor.


2016 Vermont elections, Lieutenant Governor, Republican primary
Randy Brock, former State Auditor (2005-2007) and State Senator (2009-2013), was unopposed in the Republican primary.


2016 Vermont elections, Lieutenant Governor, Liberty Union nomination
Boots Wardinski ran unopposed for the Liberty Union State Committee's nomination for Lieutenant Governor. He also unsuccessfully ran in the Progressive primary.


2016 Vermont elections, Secretary of State
Incumbent Democratic Secretary of State Jim Condos (since 2011) ran again for a fourth term.


2016 Vermont elections, Secretary of State, Liberty Union nomination
Mary Alice Herbert, candidate for Secretary of State in 2012, ran unopposed for the Liberty Union State Committee's nomination for Secretary of State.


2016 Vermont elections, Treasurer
Incumbent Democratic Treasurer Beth Pearce (since 2011) ran again for a fourth term.


2016 Vermont elections, Treasurer, Liberty Union nomination
Murray Ngoima, nominee for Treasurer in 2014, 2010, and 2008, ran unopposed for the Liberty Union State Committee's nomination for Treasurer.


2016 Vermont elections, Attorney General
Incumbent Democratic Attorney General William Sorrell, the state's longest-serving Attorney General (since 1997), did not run for reelection.


2016 Vermont elections, Attorney General, Republican primary
Deborah Bucknam, a private practice attorney, was unopposed in the Republican primary.


2016 Vermont elections, Attorney General, Liberty Union nomination
Rosemarie Jackowski, journalist, teacher, activist, nominee for Attorney General in 2014, and 2012, ran unopposed for the Liberty Union State Committee's nomination for Attorney General.


2016 Vermont elections, Auditor of Accounts
Incumbent Democratic/Progressive Auditor Doug Hoffer (since 2013) ran again for a third term.


2016 Vermont elections, Auditor of Accounts, Democratic primary
Incumbent Doug Hoffer was unopposed in the Democratic primary. (Also ran in Progressive primary)


2016 Vermont elections, Auditor of Accounts, Republican primary
Dan Feliciano, strategic policy consultant, Libertarian nominee for Governor in 2014 and 2010, was unopposed in the Republican primary.


2016 Vermont elections, Auditor of Accounts, Progressive primary
Incumbent Doug Hoffer was unopposed in the Progressive primary. (Also ran in Democratic primary)


2016 Vermont elections, Auditor of Accounts, Liberty Union nomination
Marina Brown, nominee for Lieutenant Governor in 2014, ran unopposed for the Liberty Union State Committee's nomination for Auditor.


2016 Vermont elections, State legislature
All 30 seats in the Vermont Senate and all 150 seats of the Vermont House of Representatives were up for election. The balance of political power before the elections for each chamber was:


2016 Vermont elections, State legislature, House of Representatives
And the results of the elections for both chambers was:


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 2016 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 2016 and elected the governor of Vermont, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election
Incumbent Democratic Governor Peter Shumlin was eligible to run for re-election to a fourth term in office, but opted to retire instead.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election
The primaries were held on August 9. Former Vermont Agency of Transportation Secretary Sue Minter won the Democratic nomination, and Lieutenant Governor Phil Scott won the  Republican primary, with Scott defeating Minter in the general election. This was the first gubernatorial election in Vermont in which the winner was of a different party than the incumbent president since 1992.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election, Background
Two-term Democratic Governor Peter Shumlin ran for re-election in 2014 and was widely expected to win easily. However, he only took a plurality of the vote, 46.36%, to Republican Scott Milne's 45.1%, and thus the result was decided by the Vermont General Assembly. The Assembly picked Shumlin by 110 votes to 69. Shumlin announced in June 2015 that he would not run for a fourth term.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election, Background
Vermont and New Hampshire are the only states in the country whose governors are elected every two years.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
In August, Vermont House Speaker Shap Smith announced that he would be a candidate, but ended his candidacy in November 2015, after his wife was diagnosed with breast cancer. In September, Matt Dunne announced that he would also be a candidate. Also in September, former state legislator Sue Minter, then serving as Vermont's Secretary of Transportation, announced that she would resign her position in order to join the Democratic race. Former Ambassador Peter Galbraith announced his candidacy in March 2016.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
In July, H. Brook Paige was excluded from official Democratic Party events after making derogatory comments on social media.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
Minter won the nomination decisively, and was endorsed by Dunne but not Galbraith.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election, Republican primary
In September 2015, Lieutenant Governor Phil Scott entered the race, and 2014 gubernatorial nominee Scott Milne, who had been considering running, endorsed Scott. In October 2015, retired Wall Street executive Bruce Lisman officially announced his "outsider" candidacy.


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election, Republican primary
Scott was endorsed by most active Vermont Republican politicians, and held a strong lead in a February poll. Lisman's campaign criticized Scott for being too closely connected to outgoing Democratic governor Peter Shumlin and for "plagiarizing" Lisman's ideas, and linked Scott to the "failures" of the Vermont Health Connect insurance platform and the school redistricting Act 46; the candidates' campaigns disagreed over whether this constituted "negative campaigning," and Scott's campaign said the attacks were "patently false".


2016 Vermont gubernatorial election, Republican primary, Endorsements
On May 6, 2016, Scott received the endorsements of all Vermont Republican legislators (listed above) except State Representatives Donald Turner, Doug Gage, Mary Morrissey, Job Tate, and Paul Dame. Among those five legislators who did not endorse Scott, four said they always remain neutral in a party primary election, and one was waiting until after the filing deadline to make an endorsement.


2016 Verva ActiveJet season
The 2016 season for the Verva ActiveJet cycling team began in February with the Vuelta a Murcia. The team participated in UCI Europe Tour races and UCI World Tour events when given a wildcard invitation..


2016 Vietnam Open (tennis)
The 2016 Vietnam Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It is the second edition of the tournament which is part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It takes place in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam between 10 and 16 October 2016.


2016 Vietnam Open (tennis), Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2016 Vietnam Open (tennis) – Doubles
Tristan Lamasine and Nils Langer were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.


2016 Vietnam Open (tennis) – Doubles
Sanchai and Sonchat Ratiwatana won the title after defeating Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan and Ramkumar Ramanathan 7–5, 6–4 in the final.


2016 Vietnam Open (tennis) – Singles
Saketh Myneni was the defending champion but lost in the second round to Taro Daniel.


2016 Vietnam Open (tennis) – Singles
Jordan Thompson won the title after defeating Go Soeda 5–7, 7–5, 6–1 in the final.


2016 Vietnam Open Grand Prix
The 2016 Vietnam Open Grand Prix, is the eleventh Grand Prix's badminton tournament of the 2016 BWF Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. The tournament will be held at the Nguyen Du Stadium in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam on 18–24 July 2016 and has a total purse of $55,000.


2016 Vietnam floods
The 2016 Vietnam floods affected central Vietnam, resulting in estimated 27.000 thousands of homes entirely submerged by rising water. Meteorologists cited the 2016 Asian monsoon, among the strongest in years, and the El Niño as the cause. The last time the area was heavily flooded was during the 2008 Vietnam floods.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster
The 2016 Vietnam marine life disaster was a water pollution crisis affecting Hà Tĩnh, Quảng Bình, Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên–Huế provinces in central Vietnam.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster
Fish carcasses were reported to have washed up on the beaches of Hà Tĩnh province from at least 6 April 2016. Later, a large number of dead fish were found on the coast of Hà Tĩnh and three other provinces (Quảng Bình, Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên–Huế) until 18 April 2016. Formosa Ha Tinh Steel, a steel plant built by the Taiwanese corporation Formosa Plastics, discharged toxic industrial waste illegally into the ocean through drainage pipes. After denying responsibility for months, Formosa accepted responsibility for the fish deaths on 30 June 2016.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster
The massive marine life destruction led to a number of protests by Vietnamese citizens in some cities on 1 May 2016, calling for a cleaner environment and demanding transparency in the investigation process.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Causes
The Formosa steel plant is suspected to be the source of the toxic chemical waste. The company admitted that there was a sewage pipe connecting the plant and the ocean and it was reported that several days before the incident, 300 tonnes (300 long tons; 330 short tons) of chemicals were imported by Formosa in order to clean the pipe. Formosa was later ordered by Vietnamese authorities to remove those sewage pipes. However, the Vietnamese government denied that the Formosa steel plant was linked to the disaster.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Causes
Vietnamese scientists largely agreed that the source of toxins was from the Vũng Áng Economic Zone, in which the Formosa steel plant was located; meanwhile, the Vietnamese government was accused of concealing the findings from the public.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Causes
In a press conference held on 27 April, Võ Tuấn Nhân, the Deputy Minister of Natural Resources and Environment, claimed that the two main suspects of the marine life destruction were red tide and toxins generated by people. However, the red tide explanation was quickly rejected by the Vietnamese Fisheries Society.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Causes
At 5:00 PM on 30 June 2016, the Government Office held a press conference to announce the causes and perpetrators of this particularly serious environmental disaster. Accordingly, the Natural Resources and Environment Ministry and other relevant units have checked and discovered violations regarding Formosa discharging toxic waste into the sea waste water containing toxins exceeding the permitted level. Based on the ground-level investigation, "the Vietnamese authorities along with the participation of scientists had concluded that Formosa was responsible for this environment pollution that led to marine life disaster."


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Effects and responses
Nguyễn Xuân Phúc, the Prime Minister of Vietnam, claimed that the massive marine life destruction was “the most serious environmental disaster Vietnam has ever faced”.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Effects and responses
By 29 April, approximately 80 tonnes (79 long tons; 88 short tons) of fish carcasses had been washed up to the shores of four central provinces of Vietnam from Hà Tĩnh to Thừa Thiên–Huế. On 6 May, the amount of collected fish carcasses surpassed 100 tonnes (98 long tons; 110 short tons).


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Effects and responses
The disaster disrupted the livelihood of fishermen in four provinces in the central coast of Vietnam. On 4 May 2016, Vietnamese government had announced a ban of processing and selling seafood caught within 20 nautical miles of central Vietnam provinces, just one day after the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment had claimed that the seafood in the region met safety standards.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Effects and responses
According to the local government of Quảng Bình, the fishermen of this province had already lost $5.2 million; in addition, the disaster also heavily impacted the tourism industry as nearly 30% tourists cancelled their planned tours to the affected provinces for the national holiday season starting on 30 April.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Protests
On 5 March 2017, protesters gathered on Nguyễn Du Street and in front of the Ho Chi Minh City post office. Police tried to disperse the protesters. Overseas Vietnamese also joined in protest around the world, demanding greater action about Formosa and protesting police abuse of protesters.


2016 Vietnam marine life disaster, Government response
The Vietnamese government has cracked down on protests, including arresting Nguyễn Văn Hoá, a journalist who covered the Formosa protests. He was charged for "conducting propaganda against the state" under Article 88 of the Vietnamese Penal Code and sentenced to seven years prison. Lê Đình Lượng, another citizen journalist, was arrested for "activities attempting to overthrow the state" in July 2017. He was later sentenced to 20 years prison and 5 years house arrest in August 2018.


2016 Vietnamese Cup
The 2016 National Cup was the 24th edition of the Vietnamese Cup. It was sponsored by Kienlongbank, and known as the Kienlongbank National Cup for sponsorship purposes. This year's competition, which features 24 teams including V.League 1's 14 teams and National First Division's 10 teams, ran until September 29.


2016 Vietnamese National Football Second League
The 2016 Vietnamese National Football Second League was the 18th season of the Vietnamese National Football Second League. The season began on 12 April 2016 and finished on 22 July 2016.


2016 Vietnamese National Football Second League, Rule changes
In this season, 7 teams each group will play home & away. At the end of the qualifying round, the worst team in both two groups will be relegated to 2017 Vietnamese National Football Third League. And the top team of each group will be qualified to final round. In final round, the winner will be promoted to 2017 V.League 2.


2016 Vietnamese National Football Second League, Team changes
The following teams have changed division since the 2015 season.


2016 Vietnamese National Football Third League
The 2016 Vietnamese National Football Third League was the 12th season of the Vietnamese National Football Third League. The season began on 12 November 2016 and finished on 18 November 2016.


2016 Vietnamese National Football Third League, Rule
In this season, there are 4 teams competing for 2 promotion slot to Second League. The teams play each other once in a centralised venue.


2016 Vietnamese National Football Third League, Team changes
The following teams have changed division since the 2015 season.


2016 Vietnamese legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Vietnam on 22 May 2016. The members of the National Assembly, which would subsequently appoint the Prime Minister, and deputies of People's Councils at all levels were to be elected.


2016 Vietnamese legislative election
As Vietnam is a one-party state, the ruling Communist Party of Vietnam was the only party to contest the elections.


2016 Vietnamese legislative election, Background
The election date, a Sunday according to electoral law, was announced on 24 November 2015.


2016 Vietnamese legislative election, Electoral system
The members of the National Assembly were elected from 184 multi-member constituencies using the two-round system, with a maximum number of 500 candidates to be elected; candidates had to receive at least 50% of the vote in the first round to be elected, with a second round held on a plurality basis.


2016 Vietnamese legislative election, Campaign
A total of 870 candidates were approved to run for election, including 97 independents and 11 self-nominees.


2016 Vietnamese legislative election, Results
Initially the Communist Party had 475 elected delegates. However 2 delegates were disqualified from duty before the first meeting of the newly elected National Assembly. Therefore the Communist Party had 473 elected delegates at the end.


2016 Viking FK season
The 2016 season was Viking's fourth full season with Kjell Jonevret as manager. They are competing in the Tippeligaen and the cup.


2016 Viking FK season, Squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2016 Viking FK season, Transfers, Winter
In:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2016 Viking FK season, Transfers, Winter
Out:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2016 Viking FK season, Transfers, Summer
In:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2016 Viking FK season, Transfers, Summer
Out:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2016 Villanova Wildcats football team
The 2016 Villanova Wildcats football team represented Villanova University in the 2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by 32nd-year head coach Andy Talley and played their home games at Villanova Stadium. They were a member of the Colonial Athletic Association. They finished the season 9–4, 6–2 in CAA play to finish in a tie for second place. They received an at-large bid to the FCS Playoffs where they defeated St. Francis (PA) in the first round before losing in the second round to South Dakota State. The 2016 season is Talley's final season as the Wildcats' head coach.


2016 Virginia Cavaliers baseball team
The 2016 Virginia Cavaliers baseball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2016 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Cavaliers played their home games at Davenport Field as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. They were led by head coach Brian O'Connor, in his 13th season at Virginia. The 2015 team won the National Championship, their first in school history.


2016 Virginia Cavaliers baseball team, Previous Season
In 2015, the Cavaliers finished the season 2nd in the ACC's Coastal Division with a record of 33–19, 15–15 in conference play. They qualified for the 2015 Atlantic Coast Conference Baseball Tournament by winning a play in game against Georgia Tech, and were eliminated in pool play, losing all three . They qualified for the 2015 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament unseeded and were placed in the Lake Elsinore Regional, hosted by UC Santa Barbara. Also in the regional were UC Santa Barbara, San Diego State, and USC.


2016 Virginia Cavaliers baseball team, Previous Season
The Cavaliers defeated USC, 6–1, in the opening game, and USC, 3–1, to advance to the regional final. There, they again defeated USC, this time by a score of 14–10 in 11 innings. the Super Regional was hosted by the Cavaliers in Charlottesville. There Cavaliers defeated Maryland, 5–3 and 5–4, defeating Maryland in a super regional for the second year in a row,  to advance to the College World Series.


2016 Virginia Cavaliers baseball team, Previous Season
In the College World Series, Virginia's first game was against Arkansas, whom the Cavaliers defeated, 5–3. In the second round, Virginia defeated #4 national seed Florida, 1–0. In the semifinals, the Cavaliers lost to Florida, 10–5, but bounced back in the second game, winning 5–4. The Cavaliers advanced to the College World Series finals to play Vanderbilt, a rematch of the 2014 world series. In the first game of the finals, the Commodores won by a score of 5–1. Virginia then rebounded to defeat Vanderbilt, 3–0, in game two. In a winner-take-all game three, Virginia prevailed, 4–2, to be crowned national champions. Josh Sborz was named the College World Series Most Outstanding Player recording three wins and a save in four games; pitching 13 scoreless innings with 10 strikeouts, four walks and seven hits allowed.


2016 Virginia Cavaliers baseball team, Rankings
^ Collegiate Baseball ranks 40 teams in their preseason poll, but only ranks 30 teams weekly during the season. † NCBWA ranks 35 teams in their preseason poll, but only ranks 30 teams weekly during the season. * New poll was not released for this week so for comparison purposes the previous week's ranking is inserted in this week's slot.


2016 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 2016 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cavaliers were led by first-year head coach Bronco Mendenhall and played their home games at Scott Stadium. They were members of the Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference. They finished the season 2–10, 1–7 in ACC play to finish in a tie for sixth place in the Coastal Division.


2016 Virginia Cavaliers football team, Last season
The 2015 Cavaliers finished with a record of 4–8, 3–5 in ACC play for the second straight year, to finish in sixth place in the Coastal Division. On November 29, head coach Mike London resigned, and was replaced six days later by BYU Cougars head coach Bronco Mendenhall.


2016 Virginia Cavaliers men's soccer team
The 2016 Virginia Cavaliers men's soccer team will be the college's 76th season of playing organized men's college soccer, and their 63rd season playing in the Atlantic Coast Conference.


2016 Virginia Democratic presidential primary
The 2016 Virginia Democratic presidential primary took place on March 1 in the U.S. state of Virginia as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.


2016 Virginia Democratic presidential primary
On the same day, dubbed "Super Tuesday," Democratic primaries were held in ten other states plus American Samoa, while the Republican Party held primaries in eleven states including their own Virginia primary.


2016 Virginia Democratic presidential primary, Opinion polling
Registered voters:Margin of error: ± 3.9%Sample size: 357Likely voters:Margin of error: ± 4.3%Sample size: 276


2016 Virginia Democratic presidential primary, Analysis
After losing the state badly to Barack Obama in 2008, Hillary Clinton won Virginia by 29 points against Bernie Sanders in 2016. Her victory was primarily delivered by African Americans who backed Clinton 84-16, and women, who backed Clinton over Sanders by a margin of 70-30. Clinton also won the white vote in Virginia, 57-42, which comprised 63% of the electorate in the State. Clinton swept all income levels and educational attainment levels.


2016 Virginia Democratic presidential primary, Analysis
Clinton won most of the major cities in Virginia. She won Alexandria and Fairfax by a wide margin. She also won the D.C. suburbs as a whole, 65-35. This region has a large population of college-educated whites as well as African Americans. Clinton won the Northern Virginia Exurbs 60-40. She performed well in more rural Central Virginia and western Virginia including the Shenandoah Valley, winning 54-43 over Bernie Sanders and carrying the city of Roanoke. Clinton also won the eastern region of Virginia, including the major city of Richmond, by a margin of 66-34. She won in the Tidewater region of Virginia 72-28.


2016 Virginia Republican presidential primary
The 49 delegates from Virginia to the Republican National Convention were allocated proportionally based on the popular vote. Donald Trump edged out a narrow plurality of pledged delegates, with Marco Rubio coming in second place and Ted Cruz placing in a distant third.


2016 Virginia Republican presidential primary
The Virginia Democratic presidential primary occurred on the same day.


2016 Virginia Tech Hokies football team
The 2016 Virginia Tech Hokies football team represented Virginia Tech in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Hokies were led by first-year head coach, Justin Fuente and played their home games at Lane Stadium in Blacksburg, Virginia. Since 2004, Virginia Tech has played in the Atlantic Coast Conference and is currently in its Coastal Division.


2016 Virginia Tech Hokies football team
The Hokies finished the 2016 season with a regular season record of 9–3, winning its sixth ACC Coastal Division title. The Hokies played Clemson in the ACC Championship Game; Clemson won the game, 42–35.


2016 Virginia Tech Hokies football team
Virginia Tech played Arkansas in the Belk Bowl on December 29, 2016. Arkansas took a 24–0 lead into halftime. However, in the second half, several Arkansas turnovers along with defensive adjustments, allowed Virginia Tech to score 35 unanswered points and win, 35–24. The comeback was the greatest in the team's 124-year history.


2016 Virginia Tech Hokies football team
The Hokies finished the season with a record of 10–4, and ranked #16 in both the AP Poll and the Coaches Poll.


2016 Virginia Tech Hokies football team, Schedule
‡ – Current NCAA record for largest attendance for a collegiate football game.


2016 Virginia Tech Hokies football team, Honorary #25 Beamer Jersey
At the start of the 2016 season, Head Coach Justin Fuente began a tradition of selecting an outstanding special teams player to wear the #25 jersey in honor of former head coach, Frank Beamer, who wore #25 as a player for Virginia Tech.


2016 Virginia Tech Hokies men's soccer team
The 2016 Virginia Tech Hokies men's soccer team represented Virginia Tech during the 2016 NCAA Division I men's soccer season. It was the 45th season of the university fielding a program. The Hokies played their home fixtures at Sandra D. Thompson Field in Blacksburg, Virginia.


2016 Virginia Tech Hokies men's soccer team
The 2016 season proved to be one of the program's most successful seasons. The Hokies were ranked for the first time since 2008, and earned their first NCAA Tournament berth since 2007. In the NCAA Tournament, the Hokies reached the quarterfinals before losing to fellow ACC outfit, Wake Forest.


2016 Virginia ballot measures
The 2016 Virginia State Elections took place on Election Day, November 8, 2016, the same day as the U.S. Presidential and U.S. House elections in the state. The only statewide elections on the ballot were two constitutional referendums to amend the Virginia State Constitution. Because Virginia state elections are held on off-years, no statewide officers or state legislative elections were held. The referendum was referred to the voters by the Virginia General Assembly.


2016 Virginia ballot measures, Question 1
This amendment would have added section 11-A to Article I and would prevent employers from requiring membership in a labor union as a condition of employment. However, the measure was defeated. Virginia voters had not rejected a statewide question since 1998. Virginia had passed a "right-to-work" statute in 1947.


2016 Virginia ballot measures, Question 2
This amendment adds section 6-B to Article X and would grant a property tax exemption to a surviving spouse of an emergency service (police, firefighter, emergency medical services, or search and rescue) employee that was killed in action if the spouse uses the property as their primary residence and they have not remarried. The measure passed.


2016 Virginia elections
Federal and municipal elections were held in the U.S. state of Virginia on November 8, 2016. All of Virginia's House of Representative seats were up for re-election. Primary elections for Congress were held on June 14, 2016 and primary elections for president were held on March 1, 2016.


2016 Virginia elections, Federal elections, President of the United States
The Democratic Party candidate, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton of New York, carried Virginia with 49.8% of the popular vote against businessman Donald Trump of New York, who carried 44.4%, a victory margin of 5.4%. Clinton seemed to benefit from having Tim Kaine on the ticket. Whereas the national popular vote swung 1.9% Republican from the previous election, Virginia swung 1.37% Democratic. Virginia was among the eleven states in which Hillary Clinton outperformed Barack Obama's margin in 2012.


2016 Virginia elections, Federal elections, President of the United States
Trump became the first Republican candidate since Calvin Coolidge in 1924 to win the White House without carrying Virginia. It has not voted Republican in 12 years. Before 2008, Virginia had not voted for a Democrat since 1964. The Old Dominion is appearing to become traditionally Democratic for the first time in nearly 70 years. This is due largely to migration into counties in Northern Virginia close to Washington D.C., which has tilted those densely populated areas towards the Democratic Party.


2016 Virginia elections, Federal elections, President of the United States
Virginia was the only state in the eleven former states that belonged to the Confederate States of America to vote Democratic. This is a reversal from 1976, when it was the only state that had belonged to the CSA to vote Republican.


2016 Virginia elections, Federal elections, President of the United States, Primary elections
All four major party candidates on the ballot won their state primaries. Hillary Clinton defeated Bernie Sanders in the Democratic primary by 64–35 percent margin. Donald Trump defeated Marco Rubio by a 34–31. Additionally, in the Republican primary, Ted Cruz, John Kasich and Ben Carson earned enough votes in Virginia's primary to receive delegates, although they all suspended their campaign before the 2016 Republican National Convention. The Libertarian Party did not hold a primary in Virginia, where Gary Johnson received acclamation. Jill Stein defeated Kent Mesplay by a 76–6 percent margin in the state's Green Party primary. Mesplay and Stein were the only two candidates on the ballot to receive delegates to send to the 2016 Green National Convention.


2016 Virginia elections, Citywide elections
The cities of Richmond and Virginia Beach had municipal citywide elections for mayor and city council. Democratic candidate, Levar Stoney was elected as mayor of Richmond, while incumbent Republican, Will Sessoms was reelected as mayor of Virginia Beach.


2016 Virsligas Winter Cup
The 2016 Virsligas Winter Cup is the league cup's fourth season. It began on 18 January 2015. Skonto are the defending champion.


2016 Virsligas Winter Cup, Group stage
The top two from each group advance to the Knockout stage. The third placed teams play each other to determine two more teams to join them.


2016 Vissel Kobe season, Squad
As of 13 February 2016. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2016 Vissel Kobe season, Squad, Out on loan
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2016 Viterra Championship
The 2016 Viterra Championship, Manitoba's provincial men's curling championship, was held from February 10 to 14 at the Selkirk Recreation Complex in Selkirk. The winning Mike McEwen team represented Manitoba at the 2016 Tim Hortons Brier in Ottawa.


2016 Viterra Championship, Draw
32 team double knockout with playoff roundFour teams qualify each from A Event and B Event


2016 Vivo Tennis Cup
The 2016 Vivo Tennis Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil between 18 and 24 January 2016.


2016 Vivo Tennis Cup, Singles main draw entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2016 Vivo Tennis Cup, Singles main draw entrants, Other Entrants
The following player received entry to the main draw as an alternate:


2016 Vivo Tennis Cup – Doubles
Gastão Elias and André Ghem won the title after defeating Jonathan Eysseric and Miguel Ángel Reyes-Varela 6–4, 7–6(7–2) in the final.


2016 Vivo Tennis Cup – Singles
Facundo Bagnis won his 7th career ATP Challenger Tour title, beating Guilherme Clezar 6–4, 4–6, 6–2


2016 Viña del Mar International Song Festival
The LVII Edition of the Viña del Mar International Song Festival, also known as Viña 2016, took place from February 22 to 27, 2016 at Quinta Vergara Amphitheater, in the Chilean city of Viña del Mar.


2016 Vojvodina provincial election
Provincial elections were held in Vojvodina on 24 April 2016.


2016 Vojvodina provincial election, Electoral system
The 120 members of the Assembly are elected by proportional representation in a single provincial constituency with a 5% electoral threshold, although the threshold is disregarded for coalitions representing ethnic minorities. Seats are allocated using the d'Hondt method.


2016 Vojvodina provincial election, Electoral lists
1. Serbian Progressive Party, Social Democratic Party of Serbia, Party of United Pensioners of Serbia, Movement of Socialists, Serbian Renewal Movement, New Serbia, Slovaks, Forward (Slovaci napred), Serb Democratic Party


2016 Vojvodina provincial election, Electoral lists
2. Democratic Party, Democratic Alliance of Croats in Vojvodina, New Party


2016 Vojvodina provincial election, Electoral lists
3. Socialist Party of Serbia, United Serbia, Patriotic Movement of Serbia (Patriotski pokret Srbije)


2016 Vojvodina provincial election, Electoral lists
10. Mađarski pokret za autonomiju - Dr Tamaš Korhec - Democratic Fellowship of Vojvodina Hungarians - Aron Čonka


2016 Vojvodina provincial election, Electoral lists
14. „Vojvođanska tolerancija" (Vojvodina's Party, Montenegrin Party, Sandžačko Raška Partija)


2016 Volta Limburg Classic
The 2016 Volta Limburg Classic was the 43rd edition of the Volta Limburg Classic cycle race and was held on 2 April 2016. The race started and finished in Eijsden. The race was won by Floris Gerts.


2016 Volta a Catalunya
The 2016 Volta a Catalunya was a road cycling stage race that took place in Catalonia, Spain, from 21 to 27 March. It was the fifth race of the 2016 UCI World Tour and the 96th edition of the Volta a Catalunya.


2016 Volta a Catalunya
The race included seven stages. Two of these included summit finishes, so the favourites for the race were all climbers. Favourites for overall victory included Chris Froome (Team Sky), Alberto Contador (Tinkoff), Nairo Quintana (Movistar Team) and the defending champion Richie Porte (BMC Racing Team): the race was the first meeting of several of the riders expected to feature in the Grand Tours later in the season.


2016 Volta a Catalunya
The first two stages were Nacer Bouhanni (Cofidis). He then withdrew through illness on the third stage, which included the first summit finish. This was won by Dan Martin (Etixx–Quick-Step), who took over the overall lead. Martin lost the lead, however, on the next stage, the second summit finish of the race, where Quintana won the stage and took over the overall lead. Quintana defended his lead over the following stage to take the overall victory, seven seconds ahead of Contador, with Martin ten seconds further back in third. Thomas De Gendt (Lotto–Soudal) won both the mountains and intermediate sprints classifications, with Hugh Carthy (Caja Rural–Seguros RGA) winning the young rider classification. BMC won the team classification.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Route
The 2016 Volta a Catalunya included seven stages, all of which were road stages with no time trials. The first two stages were moderately hilly and were possibly suitable for sprinters. The third and fourth stage both included summit finishes. The third stage finished on the climb of La Molina, with the fourth finishing at Port Ainé. The fifth stage included a climb shortly before the finish, giving an opportunity for an attack, before another flat stage on the sixth day. The final stage finished on a hilly circuit in Barcelona.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Route
Following the cancellation of mountain stages in both Paris–Nice and Tirreno–Adriatico in the previous weeks, there was some concern before the start of the race that the Volta might also be affected by heavy snow; the finish at Port Ainé still had 75 centimetres (2.5 ft) of snow on the nearby ski slopes.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Participating teams
The race organisers invited 25 teams to enter the Volta a Catalunya. These included the eighteen UCI WorldTeams, which were automatically invited and obliged to enter a team. Seven Professional Continental teams received wild card invitations Each team could include eight riders. Astana only included seven riders in their team, so 199 riders started the first stage.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Pre-race favourites
The race was expected to be decided on its two mountainous days and so was particularly suited for climbers. Cyclingnews.com described the list of favourites for victory at the Volta as "formidable" and as including "almost all the main contenders for both the Giro d’Italia and the Tour de France". Foremost among these was Chris Froome (Team Sky), the reigning champion of the Tour de France. Froome's only previous race in the 2016 season was the Herald Sun Tour, which he won.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Pre-race favourites
Froome had a strong team that included two other possible contenders for overall victory: Geraint Thomas (who had won Paris–Nice) and Wout Poels (who had won the Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana). Froome's form was, however, described by his directeur sportif as "an incognito", given the long period since his last race.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Pre-race favourites
The prominent riders competing with Froome for overall victory included Alberto Contador (Tinkoff), the reigning champion of the Giro d'Italia; Nairo Quintana (Movistar Team), who was second in the 2016 Tour de France; Fabio Aru (Astana), the reigning champion of the Vuelta a España; and Richie Porte (BMC Racing Team), the defending champion of the Volta itself. Other riders with a chance of high placings included Joaquim Rodríguez (Team Katusha), who had won the race on two previous occasions, and Dan Martin (Etixx–Quick-Step), the 2013 Volta winner, as well as many other climbers.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Pre-race favourites
On account of the mountainous terrain, there were few pure sprinters starting the race. The strongest sprinter who was present was Nacer Bouhanni (Cofidis), who had been strong in Paris–Nice and had been close to victory in Milan–San Remo until his chain slipped.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 1
21 March 2016, Calella to Calella, 175.8 km (109.2 mi)


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 1
The first stage of the Volta covered a 175.8-kilometre (109.2 mi) course that started and ended on the coast in Calella; the course looped through an inland region and crossed several climbs. After first travelling along the coast, the riders turned north as far as Anglès, then turned west to cross the day's first climb, the second-category Alt de les Guilleries, followed immediately by the third-category Alt de Viladrau. As the roads turned back to the south, there was then a flat section before the biggest climb of the day, the first-category Coli Formic. After the descent came the second-category Alt de Montseny and the final climb of the day, the third-category Alt de Collsacreu. The summit of the final climb came with 18.2 kilometres (11.3 mi) to the finish line, on a long straight road in Calella.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 1
An early breakaway was formed by Lluís Mas (Caja Rural–Seguros RGA), Boris Dron (Wanty–Groupe Gobert) and Cameron Meyer (Team Dimension Data); they built a lead of over six minutes. From the climb of the Coll Formic, however, they were chased by Movistar and Cofidis; Meyer was the first over the summit to take the lead of the mountains classification, but they were caught soon afterwards. On the Alt de Montseny, Louis Vervaeke (Lotto–Soudal) broke away, with a six-man group chasing; meanwhile the main group split in two until Vasil Kiryienka (Sky) pulled the groups back together.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 1
With 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) remaining, Sky and Cofidis came to the front of the peloton to control the race for their sprinters. Björn Thurau attacked and was quickly brought back; Nicolas Roche (Sky) then attacked on a slight uphill section of road with approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) remaining and built a twelve-second lead. He was caught, however, by Tinkoff and Orica–GreenEDGE within the final 2 kilometres (1.2 mi). After Katusha led the peloton under the flamme rouge, Orica–GreenEDGE opened up the sprint with Simon Gerrans. Ben Swift (Sky) and Nacer Bouhanni (Cofidis) followed Gerrans and Bouhanni came past to win the stage. Swift was second, with Gerrans third.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 2
The second stage was raced over a 178.7-kilometre (111.0 mi) course from Mataró to Olot. The stage was generally flat, with two categorised climbs. The first of these was the third-category Alt de Can Bordoi after 30 kilometres (18.6 mi). The second was the first-category Alt de Els Angels; at the summit of the climb there were 70 kilometres (43 mi) remaining. In the final 15 kilometres (9.3 mi), the roads rose again, although there was not a categorised climb and the final kilometres were flat. There was a 270° turn with just over 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) remaining; after this the road was straight all the way to the finish.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 2
Before the stage started, there was a minute's silence to acknowledge the bombings in Brussels that morning, with many riders – especially the Belgians – wearing black armbands. There was a four-man early breakaway that included two Belgians – Boris Dron (Wanty–Groupe Gobert) and Thomas De Gendt (Lotto–Soudal) – alongside Kamil Gradek (Verva ActiveJet) and Maxime Bouet (Etixx–QuickStep). Dron was first across both categorised climbs, with De Gendt winning both intermediate sprints and the associated bonus seconds. Dron fell away from the break with 30 kilometres (19 mi) remaining; shortly afterwards De Gendt attacked alone. About 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) later, however, he gave up on his effort, as Cofidis were chasing too hard in the main peloton.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 2
In the final 10 kilometres (6.2 mi), there were several teams attempting to control the peloton – including Team Sky with Chris Froome sitting in second place in an attempt to keep him out of danger. Movistar moved to the front with 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) remaining, with FDJ and Orica–GreenEDGE also at the front. In the final 1 kilometre (0.62 mi), however, Cofidis moved back to the front, with Geoffrey Soupe leading out Bouhanni. Bouhanni easily won the sprint, with Gianni Meersman (Etixx–Quick-Step) second and Philippe Gilbert (BMC) third.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 2
Bouhanni therefore extended his lead to 14 seconds ahead of Swift – who finished outside the top 10 – and De Gendt, who moved up to third thanks to the bonus seconds he won. Bouhanni revealed after the stage that he had been suffering from a sore stomach and had visited the race doctor.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 3
23 March, Girona to La Molina, 172.1 km (106.9 mi)


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 3
The third stage included the first summit finish of the race. It covered a 172.1-kilometre (106.9 mi) route from Girona to the La Molina ski resort. The route generally took the riders north-west, with four first-category climbs along the way. After passing through Olot, where Stage 2 had finished, the riders crossed the Alt de Coubet after 63 kilometres (39.15 mi). There was then a long climb to the Alt de Toses, the highest climb of the day, which came with 56 kilometres (34.80 mi) to the finish line.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 3
After the descent, the riders passed through Alp, then began the first climb to La Molina, a 12.6-kilometre (7.8 mi) climb at an average gradient of 4.2%, including a descent towards the top. The riders then descended back into Alp and repeated the climb; the finish of the stage came at the ski station itself.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 3
The day's early breakaway was formed by seven riders: Julian Alaphilippe (Etixx–Quick-Step), Koen Bouwman (LottoNL–Jumbo), Kévin Reza (FDJ), Johann Van Zyl (Dimension Data), Jan Hirt (CCC–Sprandi–Polkowice), Huub Duyn (Roompot–Oranje Peloton) and Alex Howes (Cannondale). On the day's first climb, Bouhanni lost several minutes due to his stomach illness; after 90 kilometres (56 mi) he was over seven minutes behind the peloton and was forced to retire from the race. Howes and Duyn attacked the breakaway and had a 31-second lead going into the first of the two ascents of La Molina.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 3
During the climb, Pieter Weening (Roompot) attacked from the peloton and caught the two breakaway riders; almost immediately he attacked alone and built a gap. Meanwhile, Team Sky led the peloton with all eight riders, with Movistar close behind; they quickly caught Howes and Duyn. Weening had about a minute's advantage at the top of the climb.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 3
During the descent, the peloton chased hard and reduced Weening's advantage to 30 seconds, with Sky still leading the peloton. Louis Meintjes (Lampre–Merida) crashed shortly before the final climb began. On the climb, Louis Vervaeke attacked with 10 kilometres (6 mi) remaining and passed Weening. Within the final 5 kilometres (3.1 mi), the peloton caught him and the peloton stayed together, led by Sky, as the road descended briefly before the final ascent to the finishing line. Wout Poels (Sky) attacked as the road began to rise, but was followed by Contador.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 3
Quintana attacked next and was chased by Ilnur Zakarin (Katusha) and Contador. Richie Porte attempted to escape the group, but he was chased down by Froome. Quintana then attacked again and was followed by Dan Martin, who then passed Quintana and moved into the lead. Tejay van Garderen (BMC) chased, with Contador following, but Martin was able to stay away to the finish line. Contador finished two seconds back, with Romain Bardet (AG2R La Mondiale) third and van Garderen fourth, all on the same time. With the bonus seconds, Martin moved into the overall lead, six seconds ahead of Contador.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 4
24 March, Bagà to Port Ainé, 172.2 km (107.0 mi)


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 4
The fourth stage included the second and final summit finish of the race. It covered a 172.2-kilometre (107.0 mi) route from Bagà to Port Ainé, with four categorised climbs on the route. The first climb came at the very beginning of the day's racing; it was a third-category climb whose summit came 5.6 kilometres (3.5 mi) into the stage. There was then a long flat section – which passed through Alp again – before the special-category Port de Cantó. After a steep descent, there was a first-category climb, followed by a descent. The final climb to Port Ainé was 18.5 kilometres (11.5 mi) at 6.8%.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 4
The early breakaway was formed by Philippe Gilbert (BMC), Imanol Erviti (Movistar), Rubén Plaza (Orica–GreenEDGE), Thomas De Gendt (Lotto–Soudal), Laurens ten Dam (Team Giant–Alpecin), Kristijan Đurasek (Lampre–Merida), Pieter Weening (Roompot), Boris Dron (Wanty–Groupe Gobert), Alexey Tsatevich (Katusha) and Ben Swift (Team Sky). Dron won the special-category climb, with the lead over the peloton at around ten minutes. The breakaway then broke up, with De Gendt and Erviti continuing together at the front of the race; on the penultimate climb, they had a seven-minute advantage on the peloton.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 4
Weening made contact with them again just before the summit of the climb and they collaborated on the descent. Coming towards the base of the final climb, Wout Poels (Sky) attacked from the peloton and linked up with Swift; despite their work, they were unable to build a significant advantage as Contador chased them.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 4
On the final climb, Erviti attacked, but he was soon passed by Weening, who built up a minute's lead. Poels was eventually caught with 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) remaining, while De Gendt had caught up with Weening again. There were several attacks in the peloton, from Mikel Nieve (Sky), Robert Gesink (LottoNL–Jumbo) and Miguel Ángel López (Astana), but the first strong attack came from van Garderen. Contador eventually chased him, with Porte, Quintana and Martin following, but Martin was soon dropped. Van Garderen was caught by Contador's group and Contador and Quintana then dropped the BMC riders. Meanwhile, De Gendt passed Weening and continued solo to take the stage win. Quintana attacked in the final 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) and finished second, 15 seconds ahead of Porte and Contador. Quintana therefore took over the race lead, with Contador eight seconds behind in second.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 4
After the stage, Contador blamed his time loss to Quintana on the effort he had put into chasing down attacks in the final kilometres, in particular that of van Garderen. Porte also praised van Garderen's efforts and was pleased with their collaboration. Froome, meanwhile, lost 37 seconds to Quintana and his directeur sportif, Nicolas Portal, said that he "didn't have the legs" to follow the leaders' attacks.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 5
After two consecutive summit finishes, the fifth stage was simpler, with a 187.2-kilometre (116.3 mi) stage with just two categorised climbs. The route took the riders south from Rialp to Valls. The first 65 kilometres (40 mi) of the stage was fairly flat, before the second-category Port d'Àger climb. The roads continued to be flat until the final 40 kilometres (25 mi) of the stage. First there was an uncategorised climb with a summit around 35 kilometres (22 mi) before the finish. Then, in the final 15 kilometres (9.3 mi), there was the Alt de Lilla, a 4.1-kilometre (2.5 mi), second-category climb with an average gradient of 4.8%. After the final descent, the road slightly to the finish.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 5
No breakaway was formed in the first two-and-a-half hours of racing. Dan Martin won the day's first intermediate sprint, earning him three bonus seconds, with Contador taking one second for third place at the sprint. Eventually, after more than 100 kilometres (62 mi) of racing, a seven-rider breakaway was formed. The riders in the breakaway were Carlos Verona (Etixx–Quick-Step), Dario Cataldo (Astana), Jan Polanc (Lampre–Merida), Kanstantsin Sivtsov (Dimension Data), Tosh Van der Sande (Lotto–Soudal), and Gaëtan Bille and Frederik Veuchelen (both Wanty–Groupe Gobert). With 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) remaining, the breakaway had two minutes' lead.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 5
On the Alt de Lilla, Poels attacked alone. At the summit, Poels had a lead of 20 seconds over the other breakaway riders. Cataldo and Verona attempted to chase him down, but their failure to collaborate in the chase meant that Sivtsov and Bille were able to catch them; Poels's lead extended to 30 seconds. In the final kilometres, the chase group got closer to him, but he was able to take the stage win, eleven seconds ahead of the chasing group.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 5
In the main peloton, Quintana followed Contador on the climb. Daniel Navarro (Cofidis), Rigoberto Urán (Cannondale) and Romain Bardet (AG2R La Mondiale) all attempted attacks but were unable to escape. The peloton of 66 riders finished 33 seconds behind Poels, with no change to the overall standings.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 6
26 March, Sant Joan Despí to Vilanova i la Geltrú, 197.2 km (122.5 mi)


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 6
The sixth stage took the riders 197.2 kilometres (122.5 mi) from Sant Joan Despí to Vilanova i la Geltrú. The riders initially travelled along the coast, crossing the third-category Alt de la Maradona, then turned inland for a long loop. The day's most significant climb, the second-category Alt de la Ventoses, came after 110 kilometres (68 mi), but the roads were otherwise mainly flat. The route turned back towards the coast to the finish.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 6
One of the principal sprinters left in the race, Sky's Ben Swift, pulled out of the stage before the start due to illness. There was again a fast start to the stage. Riders attempted to form a breakaway, but the teams with overall favourites sought to give their riders a chance at contesting the intermediate sprint that came after 12 kilometres (7.5 mi). The sprint was won by Dan Martin, putting him just one second off the overall podium.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 6
After another 50 kilometres (31 mi) of racing, the day's breakaway was finally formed by eleven riders: Petr Vakoč (Etixx–Quick-Step), Esteban Chaves (Orica–GreenEDGE), Laurens Ten Dam (Giant–Alpecin), Ryder Hesjedal (Trek–Segafredo), Bert-Jan Lindeman (LottoNL–Jumbo), Alex Howes (Cannondale), Cameron Meyer (Dimension Data), Axel Domont (AG2R La Mondiale), Romain Hardy and Rudy Molard (both Cofidis), and Marco Minnaard (Wanty–Groupe Gobert). Around halfway through the stage, they had a lead of five minutes but, due to the flat terrain, there were several teams with sprinters who were determined to bring the break back.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 6
Lampre–Merida did most of the work at the front of the peloton; several riders also fell away from the breakaway during the course of the stage. In the final 30 kilometres (19 mi), Trek–Segafredo joined in the chase; Tinkoff then tried to split the peloton in the crosswinds but were unsuccessful.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 6
With 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) remaining, the breakaway had a 40-second lead. Vakoč made a failed attempt at a solo attack; the lead was reduced to 20 seconds with 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) remaining. Meyer, Lindeman, Vakoč and Molard attacked again and stayed clear of the peloton into the final kilometre. The chasing group was close, however, and Meyer made another attack; he was caught in the final 100 metres (330 ft). Davide Cimolai (Lampre–Merida) used the slipstream of the breakaway riders to launch his sprint and won the stage comfortably. It was Cimolai's first ever World Tour victory, and Lampre–Merida's first victory at any level in 2016.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 7
The final stage followed a 136.4-kilometre (84.8 mi) course that started and finished in Barcelona. The stage began by taking the riders north out of the city as far as Ullastrell, where there was a second-category climb. The route then turned back south, crossing a third-category climb as it returned to Barcelona after 80 kilometres (50 mi) of racing. There were then eight laps of a 6.5-kilometre (4.0 mi) finishing circuit, each lap including the third-category climb of the Alt de Montjuïc.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 7
Early in the stage, Dan Martin came third in an intermediate sprint, giving him a bonus second. He was level on time with Porte, but moved ahead of him into third place thanks to his better placings through the race. There was then a 12-man breakaway, whose lead was over three minutes at the start of the first circuit. There were attacks in the breakaway group from Lluis Mas (Caja Rural–Seguros RGA) and Matej Mohorič (Lampre–Merida). In the peloton, there was a brief attack by Contador, then a more significant attack from Fabio Aru.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 7
Aru was joined by Barguil and Vervaeke and they gained half a minute. They were brought back by Quintana's Movistar team; Froome then immediately made an attack. Quintana chased the move down himself, with Contador, Rodríguez and Navarro following, and the group was caught by the peloton. Hugh Carthy (Caja Rural–Seguros RGA) also made an unsuccessful attack.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Stages, Stage 7
Mohorič was passed by Alexey Tsatevich (Katusha) and Primož Roglič (LottoNL–Jumbo), who went on to contest a two-man sprint. Tsatevich won the sprint, despite an early celebration that nearly allowed Roglič to come past him. The peloton finished together, 14 seconds behind, with Jarlinson Pantano (IAM) winning the sprint for third place. Quintana therefore sealed his overall victory, with Contador second and Martin third.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Post-race analysis, Reactions
Quintana described himself as "very pleased and proud" with his victory, describing it as one of the toughest races of his career, especially after his team was reduced to five riders in the final stages. He said, however, that he did not believe he was significantly ahead of Contador, Froome or his other rivals for the major races later in the season, saying that "there’s a long way to go for the Tour".


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Post-race analysis, Reactions
Contador, meanwhile, described himself as "very happy with how I'm feeling", though he described it as a "pity" that he had lost Paris–Nice by four seconds and the Volta a Catalunya by seven. He suggested that he could have won the race had he ridden differently on Stage 4 to Port-Ainé. Nicolas Portal, Chris Froome's directeur sportif, described his form as "very encouraging", saying that all he lacked was the top-end speed when the other riders accelerated at the end of the mountain stages. One other prominent performance was that of Hugh Carthy, who finished ninth overall and won the young rider classification. He described it as "by far the best [he'd] ever performed"; Cyclingnews.com described it as a "breakthrough performance".


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Post-race analysis, UCI World Tour standings
The top ten riders in the Volta a Catalunya general classification were awarded points in the 2016 UCI World Tour competition. Points were also awarded for finishing in the top five places on each stage. With the points from the Volta, Quintana entered the rankings in eighth place, while Contador moved from tenth to third. Despite his fourth place, Porte was unable to defend his first place in the rankings, as Peter Sagan (Tinkoff) had won points from both the E3 Harelbeke and the Gent–Wevelgem and moved into the lead. Tinkoff also moved into the lead of the teams' rankings, while Australia remained top in the nations' rankings.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Classifications
In the 2016 Volta a Catalunya, four different jerseys were awarded. The most important of these was the general classification, calculated by adding each rider's finishing times on each stage. Time bonuses were awarded to the first three riders at the intermediate sprints on each stage (3, 2 and 1 seconds respectively) and at each stage finish (10, 6 and 4 seconds). The leader wore a white and green jersey. A related competition was the youth classification: the highest-ranked rider born after 1 January 1991 was the leader of this classification and wore a "design" jersey.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Classifications
Additionally, there was a sprints classification, the leader of which was awarded a white jersey. In the sprints classification, riders received points for finishing in the top three at intermediate sprint points during each stage. There was also a mountains classification, the leadership of which was marked by a red jersey. Points for this classification were won by the first riders to the top of each categorised climb, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs.


2016 Volta a Catalunya, Classifications
There was also a classification for teams, in which the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added together; the leading team at the end of the race was the team with the lowest total time.


2016 Volta a Portugal
The 2016 Volta a Portugal is a men's road bicycle race held from 27 July to 7 August 2016. It is the 78th edition of the men's stage race to be held, which was established in 1927. As part of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour, it is rated as a 2.1 event.


2016 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
The 2016 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana was a road cycling stage race that took place in the Valencian Community between 3 and 7 February 2016. The race was rated as a 2.1 event as part of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour. It was the 67th edition of the Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana and the first since 2008; the race was revived by Ángel Casero and his brother Rafael.


2016 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
The race included five stages. The first of these was a 16.25-kilometre (10.10 mi) individual time trial; this was then followed by four road stages, ending in Valencia. The previous champion, from the 2008 edition, was Rubén Plaza, but his Lampre–Merida team was not among those invited to start the race.


2016 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
The first stage time trial was won by Wout Poels (Team Sky), with Luis León Sánchez (Astana) second and Poels's teammate Vasil Kiryienka, the world time trial champion third. Poels retained his lead by finishing third on the uphill finish the following day, with Dan Martin (Etixx–Quick-Step) winning the stage. He maintained this the following day, with Dylan Groenewegen (LottoNL–Jumbo winning a sprint. Poels extended his lead by winning Stage 4 alone, with his teammate Beñat Intxausti finishing second and moving up to third overall. The final stage was won in a solo break by Stijn Vandenbergh (Etixx–Quick-Step). Poels won the overall classification, with Sánchez second and Intxausti third. Poels also won the points and mountains classification, and Team Sky won the team classification.


2016 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana, Teams
25 teams were invited to take part in the race. These included eight UCI WorldTeams, eight UCI Professional Continental teams, eight UCI Continental teams and a Spanish national team.


2016 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana, Stages, Stage 1
3 February 2016 – Benicàssim–Oropesa del Mar, 16.25 km (10 mi) (ITT)


2016 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana, Stages, Stage 2
4 February Castellón de la Plana–Fredes, 163.3 km (101 mi)


2016 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana, Stages, Stage 4
6 February – Orihuela–Xorret de Catí, 141.3 km (88 mi)


2016 Volta ao Algarve
The 2016 Volta ao Algarve was a road cycling stage race that took place in the Algarve region of Portugal between 17 and 21 February 2016. It was the 42nd edition of the Volta ao Algarve and was rated as a 2.1 event as part of the UCI Europe Tour.


2016 Volta ao Algarve
The race was won by defending champion, Team Sky's Geraint Thomas.


2016 Volta ao Algarve
The race consisted of five stages. Two of these were summit finishes, while the third was an individual time trial.


2016 Volta ao Algarve, Teams
The race organisers invited 24 teams to start the race. Twelve of these were UCI WorldTeams; four were UCI Professional Continental teams; eight were UCI Continental teams. Each team could include up to eight riders.


2016 Volta ao Algarve, Route
The race includes five stages. The first stage is moderately hilly, with a flat finish. It is followed by a summit finish on the second stage, with the climb of the Alto da Foía, the highest point in the region. The climb has not been used in the Volta ao Algarve since 2002. There is then a flat, 19-kilometre (12 mi) individual time trial on the third stage. Another moderately hilly stage follows on the fourth stage. The fifth and final stage ends with the climb of the Alto do Malhaõ, traditionally the decisive point in the race.


2016 Volvo Car Open
The 2016 Volvo Car Open was a women's tennis event on the 2016 WTA Tour. It took place between April 4 – 10, 2016. It was the 44th edition of the Charleston Open tournament and a Premier level tournament. The event was hosted at the Family Circle Tennis Center, on Daniel Island, Charleston, United States. It was the only event of the clay court season played on green clay.


2016 Volvo Car Open
Sloane Stephens won the singles event while Caroline Garcia and Kristina Mladenovic captured the doubles crown.


2016 Volvo Car Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following player received entry using a protected ranking into the main draw:


2016 Volvo Car Open, Doubles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:


2016 Volvo Car Open – Doubles
Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza were the defending champions, but chose not to participate this year. Caroline Garcia and Kristina Mladenovic won the title, defeating Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Lucie Šafářová in the final, 6–2, 7–5.


2016 Volvo Car Open – Singles
Angelique Kerber was the defending champion, but retired in the semifinals against Sloane Stephens.


2016 Volvo Car Open – Singles
Stephens went on to win the title, defeating Elena Vesnina in the final, 7–6(7–4), 6–2, having saved a match point against Daria Kasatkina in the quarterfinals. Vesnina was the first qualifier in history to reach the final of this event.


2016 Volvo Car Open – Singles, Seeds
The top eight seeds received a bye into the second round.


2016 Volvo Car Open – Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2016 Voronin Cup
The 2016 Mikhail Voronin Cup took place on December 19–20 in Moscow, Russia.


2016 Voronin Cup, Competition format
All participating gymnasts, including those who were not part of a team, participated in a qualification round, which also served as the team and all-around final. The results of this competition determined which individuals participated in the event finals, in which the eight highest scoring individuals on each apparatus competed.


2016 Vuelta a Andalucía
The 62nd edition of the Vuelta a Andalucía, also known as the Ruta del Sol, was held in Andalusia, in southern Spain, from 17 to 21 February 2016. Spanish rider Alejandro Valverde won the event after winning the final mountain-top stage; his fourth overall victory in the Vuelta a Andalucía.


2016 Vuelta a Andalucía
The Vuelta a Andalucía is a road cycling stage race, rated as a 2.1 event of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour. Chris Froome, the previous year's champion, did not to defend his title. The race was run over five stages. The first three stages were moderately hilly and won by sprinters; the fourth was an individual time trial; the fifth and final stage had a summit finish atop the climb of Peñas Blancas.


2016 Vuelta a Andalucía, Course, Race summary
The race comprised five stages, increasing in difficulty. The first, relatively flat stage, was won by Daniele Bennati in a sprint in the streets of Seville. The second ended with a third-category climb, followed by a technical descent into Córdoba, won by sprinter Nacer Bouhanni. The third stage featured several climbs, ending with a flat run-in to El Padul, won by Oscar Gatto in the sprint of a select group. The final two stages were decisive in the general classification.


2016 Vuelta a Andalucía, Course, Race summary
The fourth stage, a 21-kilometre (13 mi) individual time trial with a technical opening half and a climb at the finish, was won by Tejay van Garderen. The final stage ended with the climb of Peñas Blancas, a 14-kilometre (8.7 mi) climb  near Estepona at an average gradient of 8%. Alejandro Valverde, in eight place after the time trial, attacked from afar to overhaul van Garderen and take the overall victory.


2016 Vuelta a Andalucía, Teams
24 teams were invited to take part in the 2016 race. Ten of these were UCI WorldTeams; ten were UCI Professional Continental teams; and four were UCI Continental teams. Each team lined up seven riders - totaling 168 riders.


2016 Vuelta a Asturias
The 2016 Vuelta a Asturias was the 59th edition of the Vuelta a Asturias cycling stage race. The race included three stages: it started on 30 April with a stage from Oviedo to Alto del Acebo (Cangas del Narcea) and finished on 2 May with a stage that started in Bueño and then finished back in Oviedo. The defending champion was Igor Antón (Movistar Team).


2016 Vuelta a Asturias
The race was won by Hugh Carthy (Caja Rural–Seguros RGA), who won a solo victory on the first stage and then finished in the third position on the last stage to secure victory by 22 seconds.


2016 Vuelta a Asturias, Teams
A total of 14 teams and one national combined team raced in the 2016 Vuelta a Asturias: one UCI World Team, another UCI Professional Continental team and 12 UCI Continental teams.


2016 Vuelta a Asturias, Stages, Stage 1
30 April – Oviedo to Alto del Acebo, 152.5 km (94.8 mi)


2016 Vuelta a Asturias, Stages, Stage 2
1 May – Cangas del Narcea to Pola de Lena, 186.7 km (116.0 mi)


2016 Vuelta a Asturias, Stages, Stage 3
2 May – Bueño to Oviedo, 121.5 km (75.5 mi)


2016 Vuelta a Asturias, Classifications
The race included four principal classifications, the leaders of which wore jerseys. The leader in the general classification wore a blue jersey; the leader in the points classification wore a blue jersey; the leader in the mountains classification wore a green jersey; the leader of the intermediate sprints classification wore a black and white jersey.


2016 Vuelta a Burgos
The 2016 Vuelta a Burgos was a men's road bicycle race which was held from 2 August to 6 August 2016. It was the 38th edition of the Vuelta a Burgos stage race, which was established in 1946. The race was rated as a 2.HC event and forms part of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour. The race was made up of five stages including a team time trial. Alberto Contador of Tinkoff won the race.


2016 Vuelta a Burgos, Teams
A total of 21 teams with 8 riders each will race in the 2016 Vuelta a Burgos: 13 UCI ProTeams, 6 UCI Professional Continental Teams and 2 UCI Continental Teams.


2016 Vuelta a Castilla y León
The 2016 Vuelta a Castilla y León was the 31st edition of the Vuelta a Castilla y León cycle race and was held on 15 April to 17 April 2016. The race started in Alcañices and finished at the Alto de la Plataforma. The race was won by Alejandro Valverde.


2016 Vuelta a Colombia
The 2016 Vuelta a Colombia was the 66th edition of the Vuelta a Colombia cycle race, held from 13 to 26 June 2016. The race started in Cartagena and finished in Bogotá. The race was won by Mauricio Ortega.


2016 Vuelta a Costa Rica
The 2016 Vuelta a Costa Rica, the 52nd edition of the Vuelta a Costa Rica, was held from December 13 to 25 December 25, 2016.