2015 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
When asked about the tyre pressure issue, Sebastian Vettel defended Hamilton, saying: "I think it’s not fair to hand that question to Lewis because he doesn’t know what’s going on [...]. In a lot of respect and fairness he did a very good job today and you have to accept that."


2015 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
Following the race, Red Bull team principal Christian Horner said that Mercedes had made a "worrying step forward" with their new engine specification, admitting that the team was "in a league of their own at the moment". Nico Rosberg, who had raced with the old specification version of the power unit, described the race as a "massive step in the wrong direction". After the race, the team revealed that they had turned his engine up in order to help him catch Vettel in the closing stages. The team later admitted that using the new power unit at the Italian Grand Prix had been "a risk".


2015 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
As a result of the race, Lewis Hamilton extended his lead in the championship to 53 points over teammate Rosberg. His second-place finish meant that Sebastian Vettel moved closer to Rosberg, now trailing him by 21 points. In the Constructors' Championship, Mercedes now led the field on 451 points, with Ferrari and Williams in second and third, on 270 and 188 points respectively.


2015 Italian Open (tennis)
The 2015 Italian Open (also known as the 2015 Rome Masters or the sponsored title 2015 Internazionali BNL d'Italia) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome, Italy. It was the 72nd edition of the Italian Open and was classified as an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2015 ATP World Tour and a Premier 5 event on the 2015 WTA Tour. It took place from 10–17 May 2015.


2015 Italian Open (tennis), ATP main draw entrants, Singles, Other entrants
The following players received entry using a protected ranking into the main draw:


2015 Italian Open (tennis), ATP main draw entrants, Doubles, Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:


2015 Italian Open (tennis), WTA main draw entrants, Doubles, Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:


2015 Italian Open – Men's Doubles
Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together. Nestor played alongside Leander Paes, but lost in the second round to Pablo Cuevas and David Marrero. Zimonjić teamed up with Marcin Matkowski, but lost in the second round to Jamie Murray and John Peers. Cuevas and Marrero went on to win the title, defeating Marcel Granollers and Marc López in the final, 6–4, 7–5.


2015 Italian Open – Men's Singles
Defending champion Novak Djokovic successfully defended his title, defeating Roger Federer in the final, 6–4, 6–3, to win the Men's Singles title at the 2015 Italian Open. It was Djokovic's fourth Italian Open title, the second-most of all-time behind Rafael Nadal.


2015 Italian Open – Men's Singles, Seeds
The top eight seeds receive a bye into the second round.


2015 Italian Open – Men's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2015 Italian Open – Women's Doubles
Květa Peschke and Katarina Srebotnik were the defending champions, but Peschke chose not to participate. Srebotnik played alongside Caroline Garcia, but lost in the semifinals to Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza. Tímea Babos and Kristina Mladenovic won the title, defeating Hingis and Mirza in the final, 6–4, 6–3.


2015 Italian Open – Women's Doubles, Seeds
The top four seeds receive a bye into the second round.


2015 Italian Open – Women's Singles
Serena Williams was the two-time defending champion, but withdrew before her third round match because of a right elbow injury.


2015 Italian Open – Women's Singles
Maria Sharapova won her third title in Rome, defeating Spaniard Carla Suárez Navarro in the final, 4–6, 7–5, 6–1.


2015 Italian Open – Women's Singles, Seeds
The top eight seeds received a bye into the second round.


2015 Italian Open – Women's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2015 Italian football match-fixing scandal
The  2015 Italian football scandal, or Dirty Soccer, was a scandal that involved rigged matches in 2014–15 season, involving Calcio Catania.


2015 Italian football match-fixing scandal, Origins and etymology
The scandal first came to light as a consequence of investigations of prosecutors by the Italian football agency, Divisione Investigazioni Generali e Operazioni Speciali. On 19 May 2015, a total of 50 people were arrested in Italy on suspicion of match-fixing. The team that was under investigation was Catania, who fixed five matches so that they could remain in Serie B. On 23 June 2015, the team's president, Antonio Pulvirenti, and six others were arrested for match-fixing. Six days later, it was revealed that Pulvirenti "paid £71,000 to fix five matches".


2015 Italian football match-fixing scandal, Origins and etymology
On 14 July, the FIGC announced that next season's Serie B would be delayed for two weeks due to the ongoing match-fixing scandal against Catania.


2015 Italian football match-fixing scandal, Club punishments
On 20 August 2015, the Italian Football Federation announced that Catania were relegated to the third tier with 12 points deducted in the Lega Pro and fined €150,000 fine, the worst punishment of any team involved. Two other teams, Savona and Torres, were relegated to Serie D for match fixing. Teramo was also stripped of the 2014–15 Lega Pro championship and promotion to the 2015–16 Serie B.


2015 Italian football match-fixing scandal, Other notes
The sentence was long disputed because of the severity of the punishment meted out to Catania compared to the other teams involved. According to the court, the conduct of team managers was considered in all cases. While not real match-fixing, it was a violation of sporting principles.


2015 Italian football match-fixing scandal, Other notes
On 14 July, FIGC announced the next season's Serie B would be delayed for two weeks.


2015 Italian local elections
The 2015 Italian local elections were to be held on 31 May, with a second round on 14 June, concurrently with the Regional elections. In Italy, direct elections were held in 1,063 municipalities: in each municipality (comune) were chosen mayor and members of the City Council. Of the 1,603 municipalities, 15 were provincial capitals and 120 had a population higher than 15,000 inhabitants.


2015 Italian local elections
In Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and Aosta Valley the elections were held on 10 May with a second ballot on 24 May.


2015 Italian local elections
Municipal councilors and mayors ordinarily serve a terms of five years.


2015 Italian local elections, Voting System
All mayoral elections in Italy in cities with a population higher than 15,000 use the same system.


2015 Italian local elections, Voting System
Under this system voters express a direct choice for the mayor or an indirect choice voting for one of the parties of the candidate's coalition.


2015 Italian local elections, Voting System
If no candidate receives a majority of votes, the top two candidates go to a second round two weeks later. The coalition of the elected mayor is guaranteed a majority of seats in the council with the attribution of extra seats, but the majority bonus system is not adopted by the cities of Trentino-Alto Adige. If a Mayor resigns, dies or is ousted from office after more than half the municipal councillors stepped down, an early municipal election (for the Mayor and for all municipal councillors) is called.


2015 Italian local elections, Voting System
The City Council is elected at the same time as the mayor. Voters can vote for a list of candidates and can express up to 2 preferences for candidates of said list. In case of two preferences, they must be given to candidates of both genders. Seats are the attributed to parties proportionally, and for each party list the candidates with the highest number of preferences are elected.


2015 Italian local elections, Results
Majority of each coalition in 120 municipalities (comuni) with a population higher than 15,000:


2015 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2015 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix was the sixth round of the 2015 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It was held at the Mugello Circuit in Scarperia on 31 May 2015.


2015 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix
In the MotoGP class, Ducati's Andrea Iannone took his first pole position. However, Jorge Lorenzo won his third consecutive race ahead of Iannone and Valentino Rossi, who started from eighth on the grid. Honda's Marc Márquez was also running towards the front of the race, but he crashed out of the race at the three-quarter distance mark, while Andrea Dovizioso – third in the championship – was also forced to retire from the race, just after the halfway mark.


2015 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix, Championship standings after the race (MotoGP)
Below are the standings for the top five riders and constructors after round six has concluded.


2015 Italian presidential election
The Italian presidential election of 2015 was held on 29–31 January, following the resignation of incumbent President Giorgio Napolitano on 14 January 2015. The office was held at the time of the election by Senate President Pietro Grasso in an acting capacity. Only members of Italian Parliament and regional delegates are entitled to vote. As head of state of the Italian Republic, the President has a role of representation of national unity and guarantees that Italian politics comply with the Italian Constitution, in the framework of a parliamentary system.


2015 Italian presidential election
On 31 January, at the fourth round of voting, the Judge of the Constitutional Court and former Deputy Prime Minister Sergio Mattarella was elected President of the Italian Republic with 665 votes out of 1,009.


2015 Italian presidential election, Procedure
In accordance with the Italian Constitution, the election is held in the form of a secret ballot, with the Senators, the Deputies and 58 regional representatives entitled to vote. The election is held in the Palazzo Montecitorio, home of the Chamber of Deputies, with the capacity of the assembly room expanded for the purpose. The first three ballots require a two-thirds majority of the 1,009 voters in order to elect a President, or 673 votes. Starting from the fourth ballot, an absolute majority is required for candidates to be elected, or 505 votes. The presidential mandate lasts seven years.


2015 Italian presidential election, Procedure
The election was presided over by the President of the Chamber of Deputies Laura Boldrini, who proceeded to the public counting of the votes, and by the Acting President of the Senate Valeria Fedeli, instead of President Pietro Grasso who was serving as Acting President of the Republic since 14 January.


2015 Italian presidential election, Electoral college
Electors per parliamentary group (including the regional delegates) were divided as follows:


2015 Italian regional elections
A large round of regional elections were held in Italy on 31 May 2015 in seven of the twenty regions composing the country, including four of the ten largest ones: Campania, Veneto, Apulia and Tuscany. The other three regions holding elections were Liguria, Marche, Umbria.


2015 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament
The 2015 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament was an under-18 international ice hockey tournament held in Břeclav, Czech Republic and Bratislava, Slovakia from 10 to 15 August 2015.


2015 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast local election
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast local election, 2015 was a local election in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast.


2015 Ivorian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Ivory Coast on 25 October 2015. Alassane Ouattara won a second term in a landslide victory over his closest rival Pascal Affi N'Guessan.


2015 Ivorian presidential election, Campaign
The President of the Ivory Coast is elected with a five-year mandate through a two-round system, with 50% simple majority required to avoid a run-off. According to the 2000 Constitution of Ivory Coast, candidates are limited to two consecutive terms as president. Incumbent President Alassane Ouattara, first elected in 2010 preceding the 2010–11 Ivorian crisis, stood again to seek a second term.


2015 Ivorian presidential election, Campaign
Opposition party Ivorian Popular Front (FPI) called for a boycott of the elections in protest against the trial of former President Laurent Gbagbo by the International Criminal Court. Presidential candidate Pascal Affi N'Guessan denounced the incarceration of Gbagbo and political conditions under Ouattara:


2015 Ivorian presidential election, Campaign
"Peace isn't only the silence of weapons. Can we say that Ivory Coast is in peace when President Gbagbo is in The Hague? With hundreds of political prisoners in jail, Ivory Coast is not in peace."


2015 Ivorian presidential election, Campaign
Some hardliners in the FPI did not want to participate in elections as long as Gbagbo remained imprisoned, but others felt the party needed to remain engaged in the electoral process.


2015 Ivorian presidential election, Results
The vote was relatively peaceful, compared to the unrest that marred previous elections, although voter turnout was down to 54.6%. Outtara avoided a second round vote and won a second term in office after garnering 83.7%, in a landslide victory over his nearest rival Affi N'Guessan on 9.3%.


2015 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series
The 2015 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series was held at Robertson Field at Satow Stadium, the home field of Columbia in New York, NY. The series matches the regular season champions of each of the league's two divisions, Columbia and Dartmouth. Columbia won the series for the third consecutive year to claim the Ivy League's automatic berth in the 2015 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament.


2015 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series
Dartmouth claimed their eighth straight Rolfe Division title, while Columbia and Penn tied for the Gehrig Division lead. The two teams met in a one-game playoff on May 2, with Columbia winning 4–2 to clinch a berth in the Championship Series. The two teams face each other for the Ivy League championship for the third consecutive year.


2015 Ivy League Men's Lacrosse Tournament
The 2015 Ivy League Men's Lacrosse Tournament took place May 1 to May 3 at Stevenson Field in  Providence, Rhode Island. Yale defeated Princeton to win the tournament and received the Ivy League 's automatic bid to the 2015 NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship.


2015 Ivy League Men's Lacrosse Tournament, Standings
The top four teams in the Ivy League after the regular season advance to the Ivy League Conference Tournament. Brown, Cornell, and Princeton finished the regular season with identical 4-2 records and share the league title. Tiebreakers only apply to tournament seeding. The winner of the tournament only receives the league's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. League champion is determined only by regular season results.


2015 Ivy League Softball Championship Series
The 2015 Ivy League Softball Championship Series was held at Dartmouth Softball Park in Hanover, New Hampshire, the home field of Dartmouth on May 2, 2015. The series matched the regular season champions of each of the league's two divisions. The winner of the series claimed the Ivy League's automatic berth in the 2015 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament. All games in the series would be broadcast on the Ivy League Digital Network.


2015 Ivy League Softball Championship Series
Dartmouth claimed the Rolfe Division title while Penn won the Gehrig Division, making the third consecutive season Dartmouth and Penn would face off for the right to advance to the NCAA Tournament. In the end Dartmouth would walk away with their second consecutive Ivy League title.


2015 J&T Banka Prague Open
The 2015 J&T Banka Prague Open was a professional women's tennis tournaments played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 6th edition of the tournament which was an International tournament on the 2015 WTA Tour. It took place at the Sparta Prague Tennis Club in Prague, Czech Republic, from 27 April to 2 May 2015. This was the event's first edition as a WTA International tournament.


2015 J&T Banka Prague Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2015 J&T Banka Prague Open – Doubles
Lucie Hradecká and Michaëlla Krajicek were the defending champions, but Hradecká chose not to participate this year. Krajicek played alongside Karolína Plíšková, but lost in the quarterfinals to Belinda Bencic and Kateřina Siniaková.


2015 J&T Banka Prague Open – Doubles
Bencic and Siniaková went on to win the title, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Eva Hrdinová in the final, 6–2, 6–2.


2015 J&T Banka Prague Open – Singles
Heather Watson was the defending champion, but lost to Polona Hercog in the first round.


2015 J&T Banka Prague Open – Singles
Karolína Plíšková won the title, defeating Lucie Hradecká in the final, 4–6, 7–5, 6–3.


2015 J.League Cup
The 2015 J.League Cup, also known as the 2015 Yamazaki Nabisco Cup for sponsoring purposes, is the 40th edition of the most prestigious Japanese soccer league cup tournament and the 23rd edition under the current J.League Cup format.


2015 J.League Cup, Format
Teams from the J.League Division 1 will take part in the tournament. Gamba Osaka, Kashima Antlers, Kashiwa Reysol and Urawa Red Diamonds were given a bye to the quarter-finals due to qualification in the 2015 AFC Champions League. The remaining 14 teams started from the group stage, where they were divided into two groups of seven. The group winners and the runners-up of each group qualified for the quarter-final along with the four teams which qualified for the AFC Champions League.


2015 J.League Cup Final
2015 J.League Cup Final was the 23rd final of the J.League Cup competition. The final was played at Saitama Stadium 2002 in Saitama on October 31, 2015. Kashima Antlers won the championship.


2015 J1 League
The 2015 Meiji Yasuda J1 League (2015 明治安田生命J1リーグ) season was the 50th season of top-flight football in Japan, and the 23rd since the establishment of the J.League in 1993.


2015 J1 League
For a five-year period starting in 2015, the J.League changed to a newly conceived multistage system, with the year split into two halves and a third and final championship stage. The winners of the first and second stages and the highest ranking club of the aggregate table (other than the first or second stage winners) will qualify for the Championship Stage. Sanfrecce Hiroshima won the Championship Stage and advanced to the 2015 FIFA Club World Cup as the host nation's entrant.


2015 J1 League, Format changes
Teams play a single round-robin in the first stage and a single round-robin in the second stage. After that an overall table is calculated and a championship stage is played. The winners of the first and second stages and any team that finishes in the top 3 of the overall rankings advance to the championship stage. The team that finishes atop the overall table automatically qualifies for the final, while the remaining teams play-off for the other spot in the final.


2015 J1 League, Championship stage
The Championship stage consisted of a knockout tournament involving the champions of the First and Second Stages, and any team that finishes in the top 3 of the overall table. The team with the best aggregate record earned a bye to the final. The remaining teams playoff for the other spot in the final.


2015 J1 League, Awards, Best Eleven
* The number in brackets denotes the number of times that the footballer has appeared in the Best 11.


2015 J1 League, Attendances
Updated to games played on 22 November 2015Source: Notes:† Team played previous season in J2.


2015 J2 League
The 2015 Meiji Yasuda J2 League (2015 明治安田生命J2リーグ) season was the 44th season of the second-tier club football in Japan and the 17th season since the establishment of J2 League. The season began on 8 March 2015 and ended on 23 November 2015.


2015 J2 League, Clubs
Shonan Bellmare have stayed in the second division for just a year, winning promotion as the champions. Matsumoto Yamaga have spent only 3 seasons in J2 after promoted from Japan Football League in 2012, becoming the first club based in Nagano Prefecture which have promoted to the top flight. Sixth-placed Montedio Yamagata won the promotion playoffs and will return in the first division after playing in the J2 for 3 years. Tokushima Vortis were relegated from the J1 immediately after their inaugural promotion, while Cerezo Osaka and Omiya Ardija have suffered relegation respectively after five and ten years from their last presence in J2.


2015 J2 League, Clubs
On the other end of the table, Zweigen Kanazawa have been promoted from 2014 J3 League as the champions of the inaugural season of the J3 League, replacing relegated Kataller Toyama.


2015 J2 League, Attendances
Updated to games played on 23 November 2015Source: Notes:† Team played previous season in J1.‡ Team played previous season in J3.


2015 J3 League
The 2015 Meiji Yasuda J3 League (2015 明治安田生命J3リーグ) was the 19th season of the third tier in Japanese football, and the 2nd season of the professional J3 League.


2015 J3 League, Clubs
To participate, a club must have held an associate membership, or have submitted an application before 30 June 2014, and then passed an inspection to obtain a participation license issued by J.League Council. J.League has confirmed the following clubs participating in the 2015 J3 season:


2015 J3 League, Competition rules
The league is played in three rounds, each team playing a total of 36 matches. J.League U-22 Selection played all their matches on the road.


2015 J3 League, Competition rules
Each team must have at least 3 players holding professional contracts. Two foreign players are allowed per team, plus 1 more from the ASEAN partner country of J. League. The matchday roster will consist of 16 players, and up to 5 substitutes will be allowed in a game.


2015 J3 League, Competition rules, Promotion and relegation
Rules for promotion to J2 are largely similar to those of Japan Football League in the recent seasons: to be promoted, a club must hold a J2 license and finish in top 2 of the league. The U-22 team is not eligible for promotion regardless of their final position. The champions will be promoted directly, in exchange with 22nd-placed J2 club, and the runners-up will participate in the playoffs with 21st J2 club. If either or both top 2 finishers are ineligible for promotion, the playoffs and/or direct exchange will not be held in accordance to the exact positions of promotion-eligible clubs.


2015 J3 League, Competition rules, Promotion and relegation
No relegation to JFL is planned. Up to 2 clubs may be promoted if they are licensed by J. League for J3 participation and finish in top 4 of JFL.


2015 J3 League, Competition rules, Personnel and kits
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 J3 League, Foreign players
A special team, composed of best J1 and J2 youngsters to prepare them for the 2016 Olympics


2015 J3 League, Attendances
Updated to games played on 23 November 2015Source: Notes:† Team played previous season in J2.‡ Team played previous season in JFL.


2015 JAFA Division I football season
The 2015 Japan college football season, play of college football in Japan organized by the Japan American Football Association (JAFA) at the Division I level, began on August 28, 2015, with the regular season ending December 13, 2015 with the 2015 Koshien Bowl. The winner will advance to the Rice Bowl to play the champion of the X-League.


2015 JAFA Division I football season, Conference summaries
Note: Records are regular-season only, and do not include playoff games.


2015 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana
The 2015 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the twentieth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Champaign, Illinois, United States between November 14 and November 21, 2015.


2015 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2015 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana – Doubles
David O'Hare and Joe Salisbury won the title , defeating Austin Krajicek and Nicholas Monroe in the final 6–1 , 6–4 .


2015 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana – Singles
Henri Laaksonen won the title, defeating Taylor Fritz in the final 4–6, 6–2, 6–2


2015 Jackson State Tigers football team
The 2015 Jackson State Tigers football team  represented Jackson State University in the 2015 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Tigers were led by second-year head coach Harold Jackson for the first five games of the season before he was fired. Wide receivers coach Derrick McCall was named the interim head coach for the remainder of the season. They played their home games at Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium. They were a member of the East Division of the Southwestern Athletic Conference. They finished the season 3–8, 3–6 in SWAC play to finish in a tie for third place in the East Division.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season
The 2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season was the club's first season of existence, they played in the North American Soccer League, the second tier of the American soccer pyramid.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Season Review
José Luis Villarreal was appointed as the club's first manager on June 11, 2014.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Season Review
Villarreal announced he would be leaving Armada at the end of the Spring season on May 22, with Guillermo Ángel Hoyos replacing him as head coach. On June 30, Armada extended Head Coach Guillermo Ángel Hoyos' contract until the end of the 2019 season, before dismissing Hoyos on September 21 and placing Eric Dade as Interim Manager.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Season Review, Media
All Armada NASL matches will be broadcast locally on television on WCWJ CW17 and on the radio on WFXJ "Sports Radio 930". The play-by-play announcer will be Cole Pepper, who is experienced doing sports announcing in the Jacksonville area, including 15 years with the Jacksonville Jaguars.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Season Review, Media
Armada matches can be streamed online via NASL's TV package with ESPN3, or iHeart Radio.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Transfers, Winter
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Transfers, Winter
In:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Transfers, Winter
Out:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Transfers, Summer
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Transfers, Summer
In:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 Jacksonville Armada FC season, Transfers, Summer
Out:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 Jacksonville Dolphins football team
The 2015 Jacksonville Dolphins football team represented Jacksonville University in the 2015 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by ninth-year head coach Kerwin Bell and played their home games at D. B. Milne Field. They were a member of the Pioneer Football League. They finished the season 9–2, 6–2 in PFL play. However, due to PFL rules violations, their official conference record was 0–0 and did not occupy a place in the conference standings.


2015 Jacksonville Dolphins football team
On December 3, it was announced that head coach Kerwin Bell's contract would not be renewed. He finished at Jacksonville with a nine year record of 66–35.


2015 Jacksonville Jaguars season
The 2015 Jacksonville Jaguars season was the franchise's 21st season in the National Football League and the third under head coach Gus Bradley. The Jaguars improved on their 3–13 record in 2014, finishing with a 5–11 record and winning their most games in a season since 2011. While they improved upon their previous 2 seasons, the Jaguars were eliminated from playoff contention before their Week 16 loss to the New Orleans Saints when the Houston Texans defeated the Tennessee Titans earlier in the day.


2015 Jacksonville Jaguars season, Roster changes, Undrafted rookie free agents
The following is a list of notable rookie free agents signed by the Jaguars after the 2015 NFL Draft:


2015 Jacksonville Jaguars season, Schedule, Regular season
Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. #  Blue/Red indicates the International Series game in London.


2015 Jacksonville Sharks season
The 2015 Jacksonville Sharks season is the sixth season for the franchise in the Arena Football League. The team is coached by Les Moss and play their home games at the Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena. The Sharks finished 10-8 and qualified for the playoffs after missing out for the first time in franchise history the previous year.


2015 Jacksonville Sharks season, Schedule, Regular season
The 2015 regular season schedule was released on December 19, 2014.


2015 Jacksonville Sharks season, Roster
Rookies in italics updated August 26, 201524 Active, 11 Inactive


2015 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team
The 2015 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team represented Jacksonville State University in the 2015 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by second-year head coach John Grass and played their home games at Burgess-Snow Field at JSU Stadium. They were a member of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC). Jacksonville State finished the season 13–2 overall with an 8–0 mark in OVC play to win the conference championship. They received the conference's automatic bid to the FCS playoffs, where they defeated Chattanooga, Charleston Southern, and Sam Houston State to advance to the National Championship Game, where they lost to North Dakota State.


2015 Jacksonville mayoral election
The 2015 Jacksonville mayoral election took place on March 24, 2015, to elect the Mayor of Jacksonville, Florida.


2015 Jacksonville mayoral election
The election is a blanket primary, with all candidates from all parties running together on the same ballot. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a runoff was held between the top two vote-getters on May 19, 2015.


2015 Jacksonville mayoral election
Incumbent Democratic Mayor Alvin Brown ran for re-election to a second term in office. He was defeated by Republican Lenny Curry by a margin of 5,285 votes.


2015 Jacobabad bombing
On 23 October 2015, Twenty-three people were killed and several others were wounded when a suicide bomber blast up in a procession of Shia Muslims in Jacobabad, Sindh, on Muharram 9. In this incident 32 people were injured.


2015 Jalalabad suicide bombing
The 2015 Jalalabad suicide bombing occurred on 18 April 2015. A suicide bomber on a motorcycle, allegedly affiliated with ISIL's Khorasan Province, struck a bank in the city of Jalalabad in Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan, killing at least 33 people and injuring another 100. It marked the first major attack by ISIL Khorasan after it was formed three months earlier, in January 2015.


2015 Jalisco Open
The 2015 Jalisco Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Guadalajara, Mexico between 20 and 26 April 2015.


2015 Jalisco Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2015 Jalisco Open – Doubles
César Ramírez and Miguel Ángel Reyes-Varela were the defending champion. This year, Ramírez partnered Adrián Menéndez-Maceiras, but they lost to Kevin King and Dean O'Brien in the quarterfinals. Reyes-Varela played with Marcelo Demoliner.


2015 Jalisco Open – Doubles
Austin Krajicek and Rajeev Ram won the title, defeating Demoliner and Reyes-Varela in the final, 7–5, 4–6, [10–6].


2015 Jalisco Open – Singles
Gilles Müller was the defending champion, but he did not participate this year.


2015 Jalisco Open – Singles
Rajeev Ram won the title, defeating Jason Jung in the final, 6–1, 6–2.


2015 James Madison Dukes football team
The 2015 James Madison Dukes football team represented James Madison University during the 2015 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by second-year head coach Everett Withers and played their home games at Bridgeforth Stadium and Zane Showker Field. They were a member of the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA). The Dukes finished the regular season 9–2 to share the CAA championship with William & Mary and Richmond, who all finished with identical 6–2 conference records. They received an at-large bid to the FCS Playoffs, where they lost in the second round to Colgate and finish the season 9–3.


2015 James Madison Dukes football team
On January 6, 2016, Withers resigned to become the head coach at Texas State. He finished at James Madison with a two year record of 18–7.


2015 James Madison Dukes football team, Previous season
In 2014, the Dukes finished with a record of 9–4, 6–2 in CAA play, to finish in third place. They received an at-large bid to the FCS Playoffs and hosted Liberty in the first round. The Dukes lost to the Flames, 21–26, and were eliminated from the playoffs.


2015 James Madison Dukes football team, Game summaries, Richmond
ESPN's College GameDay broadcast from the JMU campus for the first time.


2015 Japan Darts Masters
The 2015 Japan Darts Masters (also known as the Zipang Casino Japan Darts Masters) was the inaugural staging of the tournament by the Professional Darts Corporation, as a second entry in the 2015 World Series of Darts. The tournament featured eight Japanese players who faced eight PDC players and was held at the Osanbashi Hall in Yokohama, Japan from 27–28 June 2015.


2015 Japan Darts Masters
Phil Taylor won the inaugural staging of the Japan Darts Masters after defeating Peter Wright 8–7 in the final.


2015 Japan Darts Masters, Broadcasting
The tournament was available in the following countries on these channels:


2015 Japan Football League
The 2015 Japan Football League (Japanese: 第17回日本フットボールリーグ, Hepburn: Dai Jūnana-kai Nihon Futtobōru Rīgu) was the second season of the nationwide fourth tier of the Japanese football, and the 17th season since the establishment of Japan Football League. The first stage of the season was played from 8 March to 7 June, and the second stage of the season from 20 June to 15 November, while post-season championship playoffs were held on 29 November and 5 December.


2015 Japan Football League, Clubs
Sixteen clubs will participate in this second season of Japan Football League. The list was announced on 16 January. A place for 2015 Emperor's Cup will be given to the winners of the first stage of the JFL 2015.


2015 Japan Football League, Clubs
On 29 October SP Kyoto FC announced their withdrawal from JFL at the end of the season.


2015 Japan Football League, Change in rules
The tournament will continue with the system introduced in 2014: Two single round-robin stages will be held, and winners of each stage will determine the champion in the post-season home and away championship playoffs. If the same team manages to win both stages, no playoffs will be held, and they will be automatically declared champions.


2015 Japan Football League, Change in rules
The two worst teams by aggregated results of both stages were relegated to the Regional Leagues and replaced by the top two performers of the Regional League promotion series. However, if one or two teams would be admitted to J3 or withdrawn at the end of the season, the number of relegated clubs would be reduced accordingly. As a result of SP Kyoto FC's withdrawal, no club was relegated.


2015 Japan Football League, Change in rules
According to updated J.League Terms, the clubs must comply the following requirements to be promoted to J3 League:


2015 Japan Football League, Championship play-offs
The championship play-offs will be held after the season between two winners of each stage. Vanraure Hachinohe, the winners of the first stage, hosted the first leg on 29 November, and Sony Sendai who won the second stage hosted the second leg on 5 December.


2015 Japan Football League, Overall table
This table was used to determine J3 promotion candidates. To qualify for promotion, a club must hold a 100 Year Plan status, obtain J3 license (marked in bold in the table), and finish both in the top 4 of the JFL, and either 1st or 2nd among the promotion-eligible clubs.


2015 Japan Football League, Overall table
On 25 September J.League has awarded J3 licenses for 2016 season. Among JFL clubs, only Kagoshima United, Azul Claro Numazu, and Nara Club received the licenses.


2015 Japan Football League, Overall table
On 17 November J.League officially promoted Kagoshima United to next year's J3 League.


2015 Japan Football League, Top scorers
Updated to games played on 15 November 2015Source:  (in Japanese)


2015 Japan Football League, Attendance
Updated to games played on 15 November 2015Source: Japan Football League (, ) (in Japanese)Notes:† Team played previous season in Regional Leagues.


2015 Japan Football League, Promotion from Regional Leagues
Due to SP Kyoto's resignation and Kagoshima's promotion, two promotion slots were available for the winners of the Regional League promotion series. In the final group tournament that took place from 21 to 23 November ReinMeer Aomori and Briobecca Urayasu finished first and second, respectively, and won promotion to 2016 JFL.


2015 Japan Golf Tour
The 2015 Japan Golf Tour season was played from 16 March to 6 December. The season consisted of 25 official money events, mostly in Japan, as well as the four majors. One event was played in Thailand.


2015 Japan Golf Tour, Schedule
The table below shows the 2015 schedule. The number in brackets after each winner's name is the number of Japan Golf Tour events he had won up to and including that tournament. This information is only shown for Japan Golf Tour members (does not include the four major golf championships). Most tournaments are played in Japan.


2015 Japan Series
The 2015 Japan Series was the 66th edition of Nippon Professional Baseball's postseason championship series. The Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks, champions of the Pacific League, played the Tokyo Yakult Swallows, champions of the Central League. The Hawks were the defending Japan Series champions, having beaten the Hanshin Tigers in 2014. The series was sponsored by the Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC) and was officially known as the 2015 SMBC Nippon Series.


2015 Japan Series
The Hawks defeated the Swallows in five games. Lee Dae-ho won the Japan Series Most Valuable Player Award. Kenji Akashi, Shota Takeda, and Rick van den Hurk (all of the Hawks) won outstanding player awards, while Tetsuto Yamada of the Swallows won the Fighting Spirit Award.


2015 Japan Series, Series notes
This was the fourth time in Japan Series history that two rookie managers met, with Mitsuru Manaka managing Yakult and Kimiyasu Kudoh managing SoftBank. The other occurrences were in 1986 (Masaaki Mori for the Seibu Lions and Junro Anan for the Hiroshima Carp), 2002 (Tatsunori Hara for the Yomiuri Giants and Haruki Ihara for Seibu) and 2004 (Tsutomu Ito for Seibu and Hiromitsu Ochiai for the Chunichi Dragons). In addition, Manaka is the first rookie manager of a Central League team to qualify for the Japan Series through the Climax Series playoff system.


2015 Japan Series, Series notes
Yakult won the Central League pennant and defeated the Yomiuri Giants in the Central League Climax Series, making this their first Japan Series appearance since 2001, when they defeated the Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes four games to one. The defending champion Hawks won the Pacific League pennant and defeated the Chiba Lotte Marines in the Pacific League Climax Series.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 1
Before the start of the game, Seiichi Uchikawa, the Hawks' cleanup hitter, was ruled out for the Japan Series due to broken ribs suffered during the Climax Series victory.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 1
Shota Takeda, the starting pitcher for the Hawks, pitched a complete game victory against the Swallows. Nobuhiro Matsuda, the Hawks' captain, scored the game's first run with a home run in the fourth inning. Swallows' starting pitcher Masanori Ishikawa allowed three earned runs.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 2
The Hawks shut out the Swallows, with Hawks starting pitcher Rick van den Hurk pitching eight innings, allowing only three hits while striking out seven and issuing no walks. Closer Dennis Sarfate pitched the ninth inning for the Hawks. On offense, Lee Dae-ho and Akira Nakamura hit home runs for the Hawks.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 3
Tetsuto Yamada hit three home runs in three consecutive plate appearances during Game 3 for the Swallows, becoming the first player to hit three home runs in a Japan Series game. Shigeo Nagashima hit home runs in three consecutive plate appearances spread across two games during the 1970 Japan Series. Kazuhiro Hatakeyama also hit a home run for Yakult, while Kenji Akashi and Kenta Imamiya hit home runs for the Hawks.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 4
Dae-ho, who assumed the cleanup hitter role from Uchikawa, batted 3-for-4 and recorded four runs batted in during Game 4. He had an RBI single in the first inning, and hit a double that scored three runs in the third inning. Toru Hosokawa recorded an RBI double in the third inning and hit a home run in the sixth inning. Wladimir Balentien scored the Swallows' first run on a fielder's choice in the fourth inning, and the Swallows scored three more runs in the sixth inning.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 4
Though he allowed four runs in five innings and left the game with the bases loaded and no outs in the sixth inning, Tadashi Settsu was the winning pitcher. Shohei Tateyama took the loss in the game for the Swallows, as he walked too many Hawks' batters. Sarfate ended a potential ninth inning rally by Yakult to record the save.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 5
Dae-ho hit a two-run home run in the fourth inning for the Hawks' first runs of the game. They scored two more runs in the fourth inning and one run in the ninth inning. Meanwhile, the Hawks pitchers, led by starting pitcher Jason Standridge, who pitched six innings, recorded another shutout of the Swallows to win the series in five games.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 5
Dae-ho, who batted 8-for-16 (.500) with two home runs and eight RBIs in the five game series was named the Japan Series Most Valuable Player (MVP). He became the first Korean player to win the Japan Series MVP Award, and the first foreign player since Troy Neel in the 1996 Japan Series. Kenji Akashi, Shota Takeda, and Rick van den Hurk of the Hawks won outstanding player awards. The Fighting Spirit Award, given to the best player on the losing team of the series, went to Tetsuto Yamada of the Swallows.


2015 Japan Series, Game summaries, Game 5
Masayoshi Son, the owner of the Hawks who also owns the Sprint Corporation, based in Kansas City, Missouri, joked that he would like the Hawks to play against the Kansas City Royals of Major League Baseball, if they won the 2015 World Series, to determine a true champion of baseball. Interestingly, the Royals did win the World Series by the same count of four games to one over the New York Mets. However, no series happened between SoftBank and the Royals.


2015 Japan Sevens
The 2015  Japan Sevens was held on 4–5 April 2015. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and the seventh instalment of the 2014–15 Sevens World Series.


2015 Japan Sevens, Format
The teams were drawn into four pools of four teams each. Each team played everyone in their pool one time. The top two teams from each pool advanced to the Cup/Plate brackets. The bottom two teams from each group went to the Bowl/Shield brackets.


2015 Japan Super Series
The 2015 Japan Super Series will be the seventh Super Series tournament of the 2015 BWF Super Series. The tournament will take place in Tokyo, Japan from 8–13 September 2015 with a total prize money of $275,000. A qualification will be held to fill four places in all five disciplines of the main draws.


2015 Japan Super Series – Qualification
Qualification for 2015 Japan Super Series will be held on 8 September 2015.


2015 Japan Women's Open
The 2015 Japan Women's Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the Japan Women's Open, and part of the WTA International tournaments of the 2015 WTA Tour. It was held at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan, from September 14 through September 20, 2015. The tournament was moved from Osaka to Tokyo starting this year.


2015 Japan Women's Open, Point distribution, Prize money
1 Qualifiers prize money is also the Round of 32 prize money2 Per team


2015 Japan Women's Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2015 Japan Women's Open, Doubles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:


2015 Japan Women's Open – Doubles
Shuko Aoyama and Renata Voráčová were the defending champions, but Voráčová chose not to participate. Aoyama partnered Makoto Ninomiya, but they lost in quarterfinals to Chuang Chia-jung and Liang Chen. Chan Hao-ching and Chan Yung-jan won the title, defeating Misaki Doi and Kurumi Nara in the final, 6–1, 6–2.


2015 Japan Women's Open – Singles
Samantha Stosur was the defending champion, but chose not to participate.


2015 Japan Women's Open – Singles
Yanina Wickmayer won the title, defeating Magda Linette in the final 4–6, 6–3, 6–3.


2015 Japan national football team
The Japan national football team in 2015; managed by head coach Javier Aguirre compete in the 2015 AFC Asian Cup, and managed by head coach Vahid Halilhodžić compete in the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (AFC) and 2015 EAFF East Asian Cup in amongst international friendly matches both at home and abroad.


2015 Japan women's national football team
This page records the details of the Japan women's national football team in 2015.


2015 Japanese Formula 3 Championship
The 2015 Japanese Formula 3 Championship was the 37th edition of the Japanese Formula 3 Championship.


2015 Japanese Formula 3 Championship, Race calendar and results
A provisional calendar for the 2015 season. All races are scheduled to be held in Japan.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix
The 2015 Japanese Grand Prix (formally known as the 2015 Formula 1 Japanese Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race that was held on 27 September 2015 at the Suzuka Circuit in Suzuka, Japan. The race was the fourteenth round of the 2015 World Championship, and marked the forty-first running of the Japanese Grand Prix.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix
Lewis Hamilton entered the race as the defending winner of the Grand Prix and Drivers' Championship leader with a 41-point lead over his Mercedes teammate Nico Rosberg. Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel came into the event eight points further back in third. Mercedes led the Constructors' Championship over Ferrari by 153 points, with Williams a further 110 points behind Ferrari.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix
Hamilton won the race, having overtaken Rosberg at the start, who fell back to fourth, but recovered to finish second. Rosberg's deficit in the Drivers' Championship therefore increased to 48 points. Sebastian Vettel finished third for Ferrari. This was the first race in which all cars were classified as finishers since the 2011 European Grand Prix, and would not be replicated again until the 2016 Chinese Grand Prix.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Background
For the third year in a row, Pirelli opted to bring its two hardest dry weather compounds for this event, the orange-banded hard compound as the "prime" selection, while the white-banded medium tyre used as the "option" selection. The two wet-weather tyres, the green-banded intermediate and blue-banded full wet tyres, were also available to use as they are at all events.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Background
Pirelli cited the nature of the track and the high lateral energy loads experienced in the corners, in particular 130R – typically taken at full throttle and top speed in dry weather racing – as reasons for the hardest tyres being used. The suppliers expected a performance difference of 0.6–0.8 seconds per lap between the compounds.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Background
The Japanese Grand Prix was one of only two events in the 2015 season to have only one drag reduction system (DRS) zone, the other being Monaco. The DRS zone at Suzuka was in its traditional spot, on the start/finish straight between turn 18 and turn 1, with the detection point just before the Casio Triangle complex.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Background
Force India driver Nico Hülkenberg served a three-place grid penalty following qualifying after being deemed at-fault for a collision with Williams driver Felipe Massa at the previous event in Singapore. Red Bull equipped both of their cars with new turning vanes for the Grand Prix in order to improve the airflow underneath the car and therefore create more downforce. The new device had previously only been used by Daniil Kvyat during the previous race in Singapore. After a poor performance in Singapore, Mercedes introduced a revised rear wing endplate, while McLaren brought a new front wing to Suzuka.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Background
This was the first running of the Japanese Grand Prix after Jules Bianchi's crash at the previous edition, which proved fatal when Bianchi succumbed to his injuries nine months following the accident. The Manor Marussia team announced that they would mark the occasion in a "very private way". In the wake of the accident, the Dunlop corner was slightly changed and revised in safety standards, and the organisers of the Japanese Grand Prix installed a large crane in place of the tractor that Bianchi hit. The Lotus team's equipment arrived late in Suzuka, while team members were also kept from entering their hospitality unit after cash-flow problems caused the unit not to be paid for in time.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Background
Going into the weekend, Lewis Hamilton was leading the World Drivers' Championship on 252 points, 41 ahead of his Mercedes teammate Nico Rosberg. Sebastian Vettel of Ferrari was 8 more points behind on 203, followed by Kimi Räikkönen and Valtteri Bottas on 107 and 101 points respectively. In the World Constructors' Championship, Mercedes was leading Ferrari by 153 points, with Williams an additional 112 points behind in third.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
Per the regulations for the 2015 season, three practice sessions were held; there were two 90-minute sessions on Friday and another one-hour session before qualifying on Saturday. In first practice, Carlos Sainz Jr. set the fastest time with a 1:49.434 in rainy conditions, about half a second ahead of second placed Daniil Kvyat. Eight drivers chose not to set a time, with complaints about aquaplaning in the later stage of the session. The first fifty minutes of the session saw most drivers only drive installation laps.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
While the first timed laps were set on full wet tyres, the two Williams cars were the first to go out on intermediate tyres. Nico Rosberg ran with the power unit that he had used briefly at the Italian Grand Prix before it was changed due to a coolant leak. He switched back to the one he used in the previous race in Singapore for the rest of the weekend. Jolyon Palmer again took over for Romain Grosjean at Lotus, but he did not set a timed lap.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
While the rain had stopped at the beginning of the second session, the track was still damp and all drivers initially ran on intermediate tyres. Daniil Kvyat eventually set the fastest time at 1:48.277, just 0.023 seconds ahead of Nico Rosberg, with Lewis Hamilton in third, half a second down on Kvyat. Sebastian Vettel set the fifth fastest time while driving the most timed laps of the session at nineteen. Sainz, fastest in first practice, heard "strange noises" from his power unit, but eventually finished seventh fastest.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
Felipe Massa was the only Williams driver to run, as Valtteri Bottas saved wet-weather-tyres. After more than half an hour, more rain fell and a number of drivers went out to get more running on the full-wet tyres. This included Fernando Alonso, who had been forced to wait forty minutes to start his running due to an unspecified issue with the power unit.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
The third session on Saturday was held in dry conditions. The two Mercedes drivers Nico Rosberg and Lewis Hamilton set the fastest times, with Rosberg being about three-tenths of a second quicker than Hamilton. Red Bull driver Daniel Ricciardo was third, half a second down on Rosberg's 1:33.995 lap time. Kvyat in the other Red Bull did not have a good session, ending up eleventh fastest after running wide at both Spoon and the Degner corners. Behind Ricciardo, the Williams cars led the two Ferrari drivers in a session where drivers did a lot of laps to make up for the limited running on Friday.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
Qualifying consisted of three parts, 18, 15 and 12 minutes in length respectively, with five drivers eliminated from competing after each of the first two sessions. The first part of qualifying (Q1) was disrupted towards the end, when Max Verstappen's Toro Rosso came to a halt at the hairpin, preventing a number of drivers from improving on their lap times. Marcus Ericsson, whose first timed lap had been hampered by a spin, was one of the affected drivers and was eliminated in 17th place. Jenson Button also did not make it into Q2. While his second run was also affected by Verstappen, he lost time in his first due to a failure of communication concerning his engine mode. Also eliminated were the second Sauber of Felipe Nasr and both Manor Marussia cars.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
Just as in Q1, the two Mercedes cars set the fastest times in Q2 as well. Verstappen was unable to continue and therefore only four of the running cars were to be eliminated. Those were Hülkenberg, the second Toro Rosso of Sainz, Pastor Maldonado and Fernando Alonso, who said his lap was likely the best he had ever driven at the circuit.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
The top ten drivers contested Q3 for pole position and it was the two Mercedes drivers who set the fastest times once more, with Rosberg beating teammate Hamilton by only 0.076 seconds. Valtteri Bottas put his Williams in third while Massa lost fourth on the grid to the Ferrari of Sebastian Vettel due to a mistake towards the end of the lap. Behind Massa, Kimi Räikkönen took sixth place with what he described as an "average" lap.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
The positions remained unchanged as the drivers were prevented from setting better lap times, when Daniil Kvyat crashed into the barriers at turn ten, bringing out the red flag. He had touched the grass and over-corrected, and his car rolled over on impact, but Kvyat was unharmed. With only 36 seconds of the session remaining after the red flags were lifted, it was impossible to set new fast laps. Lewis Hamilton was disappointed, since he had been one and a half tenths up on his teammate on his second fast lap when the red flags came out.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Race
At the start of the race, Lewis Hamilton was able to pass teammate Nico Rosberg, who had less power available due to a temperature problem. Rosberg lost two more positions to Vettel and Bottas going into turn two, as he "had to avoid collision" with Hamilton. Further back, Daniel Ricciardo and Felipe Massa touched, resulting in flat tyres for both drivers, with Sergio Pérez also having to go into the pit lane with a puncture. Hamilton led Vettel by 1.6 seconds after the first lap, increasing his advantage over the next couple of laps.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Race
Alonso, who had moved up the order at the start, lost ninth position to Sainz on lap four. Meanwhile, Rosberg tried to pass Bottas for third, but was told to hold off as his engine was overheating. By lap eight, Daniil Kvyat had moved up into 15th position, having started from the pit lane. Fernando Alonso was the first to come into the pit lane for a scheduled stop on lap nine. By lap eleven, Rosberg was told to resume his attempts to overtake Bottas, who in turn went into the garage for his first stop, rejoining in sixth place.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Race
Sebastian Vettel was the next one of the front runners to pit, coming in on lap 13, while teammate Kimi Räikkönen followed a lap later. Rosberg made a pit stop on lap 15 and emerged behind Bottas, overtaking him two laps later. Meanwhile, Hamilton went into the pit lane for a tyre change on lap 16. By lap 18, Hamilton was leading Vettel by 8.1 seconds, with Rosberg a further 3.8 seconds behind. Max Verstappen entered the point scoring ranks with a pass on Fernando Alonso into turn one on lap 26. Two laps later, his Toro Rosso teammate Sainz damaged his front wing when hitting a bollard on his way into the pit lane, leading to a front wing change.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Race
At the second round of pit stops, Räikkönen managed to get ahead of Bottas, who made pit stops simultaneously with Nico Rosberg on lap 29. Another two laps later, Vettel made a pit stop and emerged behind Rosberg, who claimed second, about ten seconds down on Hamilton, who made a pit stop on lap 32. Bottas was briefly challenged by the Lotus of Romain Grosjean, but Grosjean went off track on lap 33, while Will Stevens received a five-second penalty for speeding in the pit lane.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Race
On lap 43, Marcus Ericsson overtook Pérez for 12th and two laps later, Verstappen moved ahead of teammate Sainz for ninth. Pérez lost another position to Kvyat on lap 45. Another lap later, Stevens went into a spin while fighting for position with Alexander Rossi, who finished ahead of his more experienced teammate for the second race in a row. By lap 49, Kvyat moved ahead of Ericsson as well to claim 13th position. Two laps from the end, Felipe Nasr became the first retirement of the race, albeit he would be classified in last, four laps behind the winner. Lewis Hamilton took victory comfortably, finishing 18.9 seconds ahead of Rosberg.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
At the podium interviews, conducted by Kai Ebel, a German TV reporter, Lewis Hamilton stressed that it was important to him to "strike back" after his retirement in Singapore. Later on in the press conference, he commented on equalling Ayrton Senna's number of victories: "Also knowing that this would be the race that I would equal Ayrton, who won here and who had quite an interesting [sic] here. So, yeah, quite an emotional day.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
But to be honest I'm not a teary guy, so I'm just full of joy and happiness and light and I'm really grateful for [...] all the people who have helped me get to where I am today and this team, because without them I would not be here." Nico Rosberg acknowledged that "it's going the wrong way" in terms of his championship hopes as he would have needed a victory and declared: "Just need to try to win next time out."


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
Sebastian Vettel lamented his chances at second place, as he said that he could have stayed in front of Rosberg had he made a pit stop a lap earlier during the second round of stops, However, he stated that "with hindsight, it's always easy so, nevertheless, it's a great day". Hamilton followed up on his delight at matching Senna later on, saying: "For me to win here at a race where I loved watching Ayrton drive and to match his wins, it doesn't feel real at the moment." Senna had won his three world championship titles at Suzuka.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
While successful on track, the Mercedes team got into a discussion with Formula One chief executive Bernie Ecclestone over the TV coverage time their drivers received during the Grand Prix. Over the ninety-minute race, Mercedes cars were visible for only six minutes, leading to their non-executive chairman Niki Lauda saying: "I was watching TV all day long, and funny enough I saw Saubers and a lot of Honda cars, but I don't know why [...]. Somebody must do the filming here. I have to ask what's wrong with him.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
I want to see Bernie next week and ask him what is the reason." Speaking about hitting the pit bollard at his stop, Carlos Sainz Jr. said it had been a "rookie error" due to his urgency to overtake Pastor Maldonado during the pit stops. Daniil Kvyat, who finished 13th after starting in the pit lane complained about the race, saying: "It was pretty boring for me out there this afternoon because a combination of circumstances meant I had to just sit back and was unable to attack. [ ...] In the end, I did manage to overtake some people, but it wasn't great. It's frustrating and annoying, but there was nothing I could do."


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
Friction emerged at McLaren over the race weekend. Fernando Alonso publicly criticised the power unit provided by local company Honda. When being overtaken by Max Verstappen on lap 27, Alonso yelled "GP2 engine, GP2!" on the team radio, comparing his power unit with those of Formula One's feeder series. Alonso elaborated after the race, saying: "I feel embarrassed when I'm racing sometimes because it's frustrating when you see the other cars making mistakes, going off the racing line, getting sideways.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
You look in the mirror on the straight to look for them and they are already side by side with you. The deficit we have on power is like another category." Team CEO Ron Dennis in turn criticised Alonso for his outspoken words, saying: "It doesn't show the professionalism I would like all our drivers to show." Jenson Button had expounded the problems of the power unit on team radio as well, lamenting the fact that other cars had been able to pass him into 130R corner.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
The row in the team, which The Daily Telegraph described as being a "complete meltdown", came amidst speculation about the future of both drivers. Ron Dennis admitted publicly to not having dealt with the question of Jenson Button's role in 2016 earlier, following much debate over the driver's future. However, speculation ended when Button was confirmed as a McLaren driver for 2016 just five days later.


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
After the race, Alonso had also left his future with the team open, but made it clear a day later that he intended to end his career with the team, writing: "No one should have any doubt that I have three years with McLaren and my career in F1 will end with this team, hopefully winning everything." About his comments on the team radio he said: "We keep working hard. We all want to win and sometimes transmit the team radios, but it should be private chats."


2015 Japanese Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
As a result of the race, Hamilton extended his lead over teammate Nico Rosberg in the Drivers' Championship to 48 points, with Sebastian Vettel a further eleven points behind in third. Mercedes cemented their lead in the Constructors' standings, now leading Ferrari by 506 to 337 points, with Williams in third, an additional 129 points behind.


2015 Japanese Regional Leagues
The 2015 Japanese Regional Leagues were a competition between parallel association football leagues ranking at the bottom of the Japan Football League.


2015 Japanese Super Cup
The 2015 Japanese Super Cup was held on 28 February 2015 between the 2014 J.League champions Gamba Osaka and the 2014 J.League runner-up Urawa Red Diamonds.


2015 Japanese Super Cup
This was both clubs' third encounter in the Super Cup, Urawa having won in 2006 and Gamba in 2007. Gamba won the match 2-0 after a goal each by Takashi Usami and Patric.


2015 Japanese military legislation
In 2015, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe and the ruling Liberal Democratic Party promoted legislation, passed on 19 September 2015, despite some public opposition, to allow the country's military to participate in foreign conflicts, overturning its previous policy of fighting only in self-defense. Since the Japanese constitution allows the Japanese military to act only in self-defense, the legislation reinterpreted the relevant passages to allow the military to operate overseas for "collective self-defense" for allies. The legislation came into effect on 29 March 2016.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Background
On 15 May 2014, an advisory panel formed by Abe recommended for Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution, which prohibits the use of military force internationally, to be reinterpreted to allow the use of military power to be widened. On 1 July, the government announced that it had devised a policy dubbed "collective self defense" to allow it to use armed force to defend its allies. Abe had originally proposed to give the military even more leeway, but resistance from lawmakers in both parties of the governing coalition led to softening of the language. With Abe's coalition a majority in both houses of parliament, the language was expected to be passed into law later in the year.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Background
In February 2015, Abe said that he planned to begin work to amend Article 9 after the 2016 parliamentary elections. Abe cited the beheading of two Japanese hostages by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (commonly known as ISIS) in his goal of allowing Japan's military to intervene overseas to protect Japanese citizens.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Legislative history
On 26 May 2015, the House of Representatives, the lower chamber of the National Diet, began debate on a package of eleven bills, granting the military the power to engage in foreign combat in limited circumstances It is called the "Peace and Security Preservation Legislation" by its sponsors. Debate in the Diet had been scheduled to end in June, but a final vote was later delayed to September.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Legislative history
On 16 July 2015, the House of Representatives passed the legislation, the final version of which allowed the military to provide logistical support to allies overseas as well as armed support in circumstances when inaction would endanger "the lives and survival of the Japanese nation." The vote was passed on the strength of the majority coalition of LDP and Komeito lawmakers; members of the opposition boycotted the vote in protest.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Legislative history
After passage of the bill in the House of Representatives, the House of Councillors, the upper house of the National Diet, debated the bill for two months. It passed in committee on 17 September in a contentious vote in which opposition lawmakers attempted to restrain the committee chairman physically. Then, it moved to the full house for a final vote. Early in the morning on 19 September, the bill passed the full house after a delayed vote in which opposition members used various delaying tactics to draw out the process.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Legislative history
In an effort to delay passage until after the Silver Week holiday, Yukio Edano of the Democratic Party of Japan spoke for 104 minutes (having planned to speak for four hours) in support of a no confidence motion against the cabinet, and Tarō Yamamoto of the People's Life Party attempted to delay voting by walking very slowly to the ballot box.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Effects
The legislation has been effective since 29 March 2016. One of the first applications of the legislation was to authorize the Self-Defense Forces peacekeeping team in South Sudan to aid UN or foreign countries' personnel under attack in the country.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Effects
While the legislation is expected to allow Japanese and US forces to work more closely together, such as by forming integrated naval task forces to repel an invasion of Japan, Defense Minister Gen Nakatani denied that Japan would always come to the aid of the US, and Prime Minister Abe specifically ruled out the possibility of extending SDF support for the coalition fighting the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Effects
It is reported that Tokyo is sending ground Self-Defense Force officers to participate with the Multinational Force and Observers in April 2019 by using the new law as a basis.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Public opposition
The legislation was controversial within Japan. According to some polls conducted in July, at the time of the legislation's debate in the House of Representatives, two thirds of the Japanese public opposed the bills. A protest on 16 July drew an estimated 100,000 people to the National Diet building. Later protests in September ahead of the House of Councillors vote drew crowds of 10,000 to 30,000.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Public opposition
The Abe governments's approval rating fell below its disapproval rating after the House of Representatives passed the legislation in July 2015 and again after it finally approved it in September. A slight majority of poll respondents in September thought that Japan's deterrent capabilities would not be strengthened by the legislation.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Public opposition
Much opposition to the legislation centered on its alleged questionable constitutionality. Repeated surveys of experts in Japan's constitution showed that more than 90% of those surveyed believed it was unconstitutional, and in June, Waseda University professor Yasuo Hasebe, in an address to the Diet with two other constitutional scholars, said that it would "considerably damage the legal stability" of Japan. After its passage, it was expected to be challenged in court, although Japan's legal system has rarely ruled against the government in security matters.


2015 Japanese military legislation, Public opposition
A revision of the Japanese constitution to revise Article 9 would require a national referendum, which perceived current public opposition to Abe and the legislation made it thought to be unlikely to succeed in the short term. In defense of the bills, Nihon University professor Akira Momochi argued that the legislation was in keeping with the United Nations Charter, saying that the right to self-defense is "a given for international laws, and that supersedes national laws."


2015 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2015 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix was the fifteenth round of the 2015 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, consisting of the MotoGP, Moto2 and Moto3 classes. It was held at the Twin Ring Motegi in Motegi on 11 October 2015.


2015 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
In the premier class, the race began in damp conditions but dried out over the course of the race. Jorge Lorenzo had started on pole but faded to third with tyre issues, and it was Dani Pedrosa that achieved his first victory since the 2014 Czech Republic Grand Prix, and as a result, became the eighth rider to record 50 victories at World Championship level. Valentino Rossi extended his championship lead to eighteen with a second-place finish, ahead of Lorenzo.


2015 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
During free practice, Alex de Angelis crashed heavily and was taken to hospital in a critical but stable condition. De Angelis missed the remainder of the season as a result of the crash.


2015 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
In the intermediate Moto2 class, Esteve Rabat pulled out of the weekend due to injury and as a result, Johann Zarco won his first World Championship title, and the first by a French rider in the intermediate class since Olivier Jacque in 2000. Zarco went on to win the shortened race ahead of German duo Jonas Folger and Sandro Cortese. In the Moto3 race also shortened by weather delays, Niccolò Antonelli took his second win of the season ahead of Miguel Oliveira and Jorge Navarro, while championship leader Danny Kent maintained his points lead with sixth place.


2015 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, Classification, Moto2
Due to weather conditions which caused delays in the schedule, the race distance was reduced from 23 to 15 laps.


2015 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, Classification, Moto3
Due to weather conditions which caused delays in the schedule, the race distance was reduced from 20 to 13 laps.


2015 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, Championship standings after the race (MotoGP)
Below are the standings for the top five riders and constructors after round fifteen has concluded.


2015 Japanese television dramas
This is a list of Japanese television dramas shown within Japan during the year of 2015.


2015 Japanese unified local elections
The first stage of the 18th unified local elections (第18回統一地方選挙, dai-jūhachi-kai tōitsu chihō senkyo) in Japan took place on April 12, 2015. The Liberal Democratic Party under leadership of Shinzo Abe was the overall victor, winning many races including all ten gubernatorial races and 1,153 of the 2,284 assembly seats at stake. Further elections for municipal mayors and assemblies took place on April 26.


2015 Japanese unified local elections
In addition to indicating support for the Abe government, the elections were also seen as a referendum on the Japan Innovation Party, and particularly on Osaka mayor Toru Hashimoto's plan to restructure the Osaka prefectural government.


2015 Japanese unified local elections
In the first stage, average turnout was estimated at 47.14%, the lowest in the history of Japanese unified elections and the first time that average turnout in unified elections fell below 50%. The total number of prefectural and designated city assembly candidates was also the lowest in history at 3,272, 501 of which (21.9% of seats) ran unopposed. The Democratic Party of Japan fielded 345 candidates, 40% less than the number fielded in the 2011 local elections. Chiba Prefecture had the lowest overall turnout rate at 37%. In the second stage, a record low 9,519 candidates ran for 7,682 seats, and a record high 3.6% of assembly seats were won by default.


2015 Japanese unified local elections, Results, Governors
2015 was the first year that Tokyo did not elect a governor in the unified elections, as the elections in 2012 (following Shintaro Ishihara's resignation) and 2014 (following Naoki Inose's resignation) moved Tokyo's gubernatorial election cycle away from the unified election cycle.


2015 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors season
The 2015 season was Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors' twenty-first season in the K League Classic in South Korea. Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors is competing K League Classic, Korean FA Cup and AFC Champions League.


2015 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors season, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors season, Current squad, Out on loan
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign
Jeremy Corbyn, the Member of Parliament for Islington North, stood as a candidate in the 2015 British Labour Party leadership election, in a successful campaign that made him the leader of the Labour Party.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign
His campaign was announced in an article for the Islington Tribune on 3 June 2015. Corbyn pledged to stand on a "clear anti-austerity platform" and because he wanted to "give Labour Party members a voice" in the debate.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign
Commentators in the media widely predicted that Corbyn would struggle to pass the threshold of 35 nominations from Labour MPs required to become a candidate. However, he managed narrowly—and at the last minute—to secure sufficient support from parliamentary colleagues, with 36 nominations in total. Around 12 of the MPs who nominated him actually supported other candidates, but "lent" him their support in order to widen the contest. Corbyn was reported to say: "We had two minutes to spare, it was easy."


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign
He was originally seen as a rank-outsider, given odds of 200/1 to win by bookmakers in June 2015. However, following a series of televised and radio debates with the other three candidates, Andy Burnham, Yvette Cooper and Liz Kendall, Corbyn received the highest number of supporting nominations from Constituency Labour Parties, winning over 100 by the end of July. Corbyn went on to gain the support of six of the Labour Party's fourteen affiliated trade unions, including the UK's two largest trade unions, Unite and UNISON,


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign
On 12 September 2015 Corbyn was elected Leader of the Labour Party in a landslide victory, with 59.5% of first-preference votes.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy
Corbyn's proposed economic policies, referred to as "Corbynomics" by some in the media, are reported to be "heavy influenced" from a blog created by political economist Richard Murphy. Corbyn's economic platform has been endorsed by a number of prominent economists, including David Blanchflower, a former member of the Bank of England's monetary policy committee, and Steve Keen. They were among 41 academics who signed a letter to The Guardian which argued: "The accusation is widely made that Jeremy Corbyn and his supporters have moved to the extreme left on economic policy.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy
But this is not supported by the candidate's statements or policies. His opposition to austerity is actually mainstream economics, even backed by the conservative International Monetary Fund". The Nobel-Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz said he was unsurprised at support for anti-austerity campaigners like Corbyn following the "disappointment" of policies pursued by New Labour. Robert Skidelsky offered a qualified endorsement of Corbyn's proposals to carry out QE through a National Investment Bank.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy
Corbyn's economic proposals have received some criticism, namely from the economist John Van Reenen at the London School of Economics, the BBC Economics Editor Robert Peston The Economist, the Financial Times The Daily Telegraph, the free-market Centre for Policy Studies, Shadow Chancellor Chris Leslie, former Foreign Secretary David Miliband, Shadow Business Secretary Chuka Umunna and the three other leadership candidates.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy, Investment
Corbyn proposed to have the Bank of England create money to invest in housing and public transport, described by Corbyn as "people's quantitative easing". This would aim to turn the UK into a high-skill, high-tech economy and to build more council houses in order to lower long-term housing benefit costs. To achieve this, the Bank would purchase bonds for a state-owned "National Investment Bank".


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy, Investment
Opponents have claimed it would increase the risk of investing in the UK, meaning that the government would have to pay higher interest rates on its debt. It would also clash with Article 123 of the EU's Lisbon Treaty, which prevents central banks from printing money to finance government spending, and could cause a legal battle with the European Court of Justice.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy, Nationalisation
In an interview with The Independent on Sunday on 9 August 2015, Corbyn said: "I think we should talk about what the objectives of the party are, whether that's restoring Clause Four as it was originally written or it's a different one. But we shouldn't shy away from public participation, public investment in industry and public control of the railways." The Independent has cited opinion polls to suggest that many of Corbyn's policies, such as the renationalisation of railways and energy companies, have polled popularly with the general public.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy, Nationalisation
Corbyn claims renationalisation would save money by both joining up a fragmented market, thereby reducing duplication in the privatised rail market (estimated by Ian Taylor as costing up to £1.2 billion in a 2012 report) and keeping what is currently profit for the energy and train operating companies.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy, Nationalisation
Both the energy and the train operating companies claim that they make a low return on their money (3.9% for the energy companies and 3.4% for the train companies) and a City analysis cited by The Guardian and Financial Times newspapers, of the nationalisation policies advocated by Corbyn, indicates a figure of at least £124 billion would be needed to purchase controlling shares in the "Big Six" national energy providers plus the National Grid.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy, Taxation
In June 2015, Corbyn set out his plan for "tax justice", which included a more progressive tax system, raising the top rate of income tax, finding up to £120 billion which he claims is lost through tax avoidance and evasion, by investing £1 billion in HMRC, and reducing the £93 billion which companies receive in tax relief according to Kevin Farnsworth, a senior lecturer from York University, an amount including railway and energy subsidies, regional development grants, relief on investment and government procurement from the private sector.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Economic policy, Taxation
Jolyon Maugham QC, who had previously advised Ed Miliband on tax policy, criticised the plans and claimed to have found a £100 billion "black hole".


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Arts
Corbyn stated in August 2015, that "every child deserves the chance to learn a musical instrument, act on a stage, and develop their creative imagination" and that a Corbyn-led Labour Party would re-invest in cultural programs and arts education. He also condemned the £82 million cuts that the Coalition government had made between 2010 and 2015, arguing in favor of "an alternative programme for the arts". In September 2015, Corbyn announced a policy entitled "Arts for Everyone" detailing his plans to expand the arts and creative industries, including proposals to establish a Cabinet Committee dedicated to the issue, a "National Creative Apprenticeship Service" and guidelines on the minimum standards of artists' pay.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Arts
Corbyn unveiled his arts policy document at a rally in Dalston, appearing alongside screenwriter Frank Cottrell Boyce and actress Julie Hesmondhalgh. However, the arts columnist of  The Daily Telegraph, Rupert Christiansen attacked the proposals as not being properly funded.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Education
In July 2015, Corbyn authored an article for LabourList in which he put the case for creating a "National Education Service", for decent skills, opportunities and "learning from cradle to grave". Comparing the right to education with the right to health, the principle on which the NHS was founded in 1946, Corbyn proposed introducing universal childcare, the abolition of tuition fees and the restoration of maintenance grants and increased funding for adult skills training.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Environment
Corbyn's environmental policy, set out in his "Protecting Our Planet" manifesto, involves developing a "resource-efficient, green economy", creating one million new green climate jobs, "leading an end to the era of fossil fuels" and transitioning to renewable energy, ending the Conservative government's policy of hydraulic fracking, addressing climate change and air pollution, conserving ecosystems and protecting the welfare of animals. Corbyn's platform has been welcomed by high-profile figures in the Green Party, including former leader Caroline Lucas and Molly Scott Cato and by The Ecologist magazine.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Environment
In an interview with the Financial Times, in August 2015, Corbyn pledged to renationalise the Big Six energy companies and to also bring the National Grid into the public sector. In response to the announcement, financial analysts at Jefferies Group LLC published a report estimating that the cost of such policies could reach £185 billion.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Environment
On the same day that his energy policies were announced, Corbyn also told Greenpeace's Energy Desk website that he would consider re-opening the South Wales coalfield, a suggestion that drew some criticism from some environmentalists and from Yvette Cooper, one of Corbyn's opponents for the leadership, who accused him of making "false promises".


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Health
Corbyn has long campaigned against the "creeping privatisation" of NHS services. For example, he has been critical of the Blair government's use of private finance initiatives as a source of public sector procurement, particularly its involvement in the construction of NHS hospitals. He has suggested that the Treasury should bail out hospitals struggling to pay off debt resulting from PFI deals. Corbyn has also released a policy document on addressing the lack of funding for care and the stigma and discrimination facing those that experience mental health problems.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Immigration
Corbyn has spoken of the socio-economic and cultural benefits of immigration to the United Kingdom, particularly of multiculturalism and the high number of immigrant workers employed by the National Health Service. He also condemned the Labour Party's 2015 election manifesto pledge to reduce levels of immigration as "appalling". Corbyn has accused David Cameron of using "incendiary language" when he accused a "swarm" of people as the cause of the Calais migrant crisis and also described the Home Office's response to the Syrian refugee crisis as "heartless and powerless", during the Sky News debate in September 2015.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Welfare
At the Second Reading of the Welfare Reform and Work Bill in July 2015, Corbyn joined 47 other Labour MPs to oppose the bill, describing it as "rotten and indefensible", whilst the other three candidates abstained. In August 2015, he called on Iain Duncan Smith to resign as Secretary of State for Work and Pensions after it emerged that thousands of disabled people had died after being found fit to work by Work Capability Assessments between 2011 and 2014. At the Guardian Live leadership hustings, Corbyn condemned the reforms that had taken place since 2010, pledged that he would defend the welfare state as leader and insisted that politicians should show "a heart" when addressing issues of poverty and homelessness


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Unionism
In August 2015, when asked by Glasgow's Herald newspaper if he would describe himself as a British unionist, Corbyn replied "No, I would describe myself as a socialist. I would prefer the UK to stay together, yes, but I recognise the right of people to take the decision on their own autonomy and independence". He also criticised the decision by Scottish Labour to work with Conservatives in the Better Together campaign, and said that he had not actively participated in the referendum campaign. Corbyn also stated his belief that economic inequality exists across the UK, and that Labour should unite people on the basis of a "radical economic strategy".


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Domestic policy, Unionism
On the subject of forming alliances with the SNP after the 2020 general election Corbyn was the only leadership candidate who confirmed he would be open to working with the party, saying to Aaron Bastani of Novara Media that "If there isn't a Labour majority but a minority and we've got to work with other parties – probably on the basis of a day-to-day arrangement or ... a supply arrangement then do that"


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, Defence
Corbyn also stated his opposition to meeting the NATO requirement of 2% of GDP spending on defence, arguing at the Daily Mirror hustings event, in August 2015, that NATO "should have been wound up in 1990" when the Cold War ended. However this position was criticised by Ben Judah in The Independent, and by fellow candidate Andy Burnham, who said he would resign from a Corbyn shadow cabinet over such a policy.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, Defence
On the 70th Anniversary of the Hiroshima bombing, Corbyn released a policy document detailing his opposition to the renewal of the Trident missile system, citing his support for unilateral nuclear disarmament. Corbyn suggested that the 11,000 jobs supported by Trident could be replaced by "socially productive" jobs in renewable energy, railways and housing.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, Defence
In September 2015, it was reported that Corbyn had been advised, by members of his campaign team, to put his controversial positions on NATO and the renewal of Trident "on the back-burner" in order to unify the party and prevent high-profile, moderate shadow ministers, such as Burnham and Chuka Umunna, from resigning.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, European Union
In June 2015, following a series of unsuccessful talks between the Syriza-led government of Greece and its creditors to agree the terms of a third bailout deal, Corbyn accused the latter of being "determined to navigate [Greece] against the rocks, for daring to vote for a better future". At a party hustings in Warrington, in July 2015, Corbyn speculated that, should David Cameron be unable to protect workers' rights and environmental protection laws in his negotiations with European leaders, he would be prepared to support a 'No' vote in the proposed referendum on EU membership. His words were met with criticism from the other leadership candidates, notably Liz Kendall, who responded by saying that the party ought to be "unashamedly pro-EU".


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, European Union
In August 2015, Nigel Farage, Leader of the UK Independence Party, wrote in  The Daily Telegraph, inviting Corbyn to join him to campaign in favour of withdrawing from the EU. Corbyn has, however, re-affirmed his pro-Europeanism and support for the UK remaining a member of the European Union.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, Middle East
Corbyn is a prominent member of Stop the War Coalition and the Palestine Solidarity Campaign. He holds an 'anti-interventionist' position on foreign affairs, opposing current British action against Islamic State in the Syrian, Libyan and Iraqi conflicts. He has also campaigned for the recognition of the State of Palestine and been a long-standing critic of the Israeli government. At a public meeting organised by The Jewish Chronicle in July 2015, Corbyn called for an arms embargo against Israel.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, Middle East
In an interview with The Daily Telegraph in September 2015, the Hamas Deputy Foreign Minister, Ghazi Hamad, praised Corbyn for his "sympathetic" stance on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. However, Corbyn's views on the conflict have also been criticised by The Jewish Chronicle and Joan Ryan, the Chairman of Labour Friends of Israel.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, Middle East
In August 2015, Corbyn stated that if he became Labour leader, he would issue a public apology, on behalf of the Labour Party, for its role in the 2003 invasion of Iraq by Britain, and for the resulting deaths of 179 British soldiers and thousands of Iraqi civilians. Corbyn also suggested that, should the Chilcot Inquiry find former Prime Minister Tony Blair guilty of war crimes, he should stand trial.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Foreign policy, Middle East
In an appearance on Question Time in July 2015, Corbyn suggested that the growth of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant may have been aided by Britain's arms sales to authoritarian Gulf states such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Bahrain.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Controversies, Accusations of antisemitism
In August 2015, several publications queried Corbyn's connection with people and organisations accused of antisemitism such as Raed Salah and Paul Eisen of Deir Yassin Remembered. Corbyn rejoined that when he met Salah, he was unaware that he had been convicted of racial incitement, and that he had not made antisemitic comments during their conversation about Israel. He also confirmed that he had attended DYR events and made limited cash donations but has "no contact now whatsoever" with the DYR director, previously exposed as a Holocaust denier. Corbyn described Holocaust denial as "obviously vile" and his office released a statement to say he is "proud to represent a multicultural constituency of people from all over the world and to speak at every opportunity of understanding between Christian, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim and other faiths."


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Controversies, Accusations of antisemitism
The Jewish Chronicle described Corbyn's response as unsatisfactory but leading  Jewish critics of Israel defended Corbyn a week later in an open letter to the newspaper. Fellow MP Diane Abbott also said that "there will always be people who are less than savoury in liberation movements" and suggested that Corbyn is being smeared by people trying to make him guilty by association: "the British establishment is frozen with fear about the prospect of his victory".


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Controversies, Women-only railway carriages
Corbyn raised the possibility in August 2015 of introducing women-only carriages on public transport, as well as a 24-hour hotline for women to report cases of harassment. He said that although his aim was to "make public transport safer for everyone from the train platform, to the bus stop to the mode of transport itself", he would consult women on whether such carriages would be welcome, after the idea was suggested to him.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Controversies, Women-only railway carriages
His proposal was condemned by all three rival Leadership candidates, Yvette Cooper, Andy Burnham and Liz Kendall, with Cooper stating that Corbyn's plan was "turning the clock back instead of tackling the problem", while Conservative Women's Minister Nicky Morgan said she was "uncomfortable with the idea", which sounded like "segregation".


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Opinion polling
On 21 July 2015, a YouGov poll for The Times, sampling the voting intentions of current Labour Party members, projected Corbyn to win the leadership election, with 43% of first preferences and 53% of the final redistributed total. The surge in popularity was reported to have greatly surprised even Corbyn himself. On 11 August, The Times published the results of its second YouGov poll, indicating that Corbyn was on course for a "decisive victory"; it claimed that support for Corbyn had increased further to 57% and that he would therefore win on first preferences. The Guardian reported a Survation poll showing that, after being shown a short video of all four candidates, more voters from both the wider electorate and previous Labour, Liberal Democrat and UK Independence Party (UKIP) voters indicated a preference for Corbyn.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Opinion polling
However, on 15 August, The Independent on Sunday reported a ComRes poll it had commissioned of the general public, revealing that if  Corbyn were to become Labour Leader, voters believed it would reduce Labour's chances of winning the next election, whilst the election of David Miliband, who was defeated by his brother in 2010, would stand the best chance of Labour winning the next election.


2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign, Momentum
Corbyn was announced to have been elected Leader of the Labour Party, at a conference held in central London, with over 59% of first-preference votes. Following this result, a new group called Momentum was formed. Momentum describes itself as a grassroots political advocacy group which grew out of the Jeremy Corbyn for Labour Leader campaign which describes itself as "a network of people and organisations that will continue the energy and enthusiasm of Jeremy's campaign".