2014 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Russian doping scandal
The World Anti- Doping Agency (WADA) commissioned an independent report by Richard McLaren, which corroborated claims that Russian authorities had been discreetly swapping out urine samples that tested positive for performance-enhancing substances. The report concluded that the program had been operating from "at least late 2011 to August 2015", and had covered up 643 positive samples across Olympic and non-Olympic sports. As a result, WADA considered the Russian Anti- Doping Agency to be non-compliant with the World Anti- Doping Code, and recommended that Russia be banned from competing in the 2016 Summer Olympics.


2014 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Russian doping scandal
Russia was not banned from the 2016 Olympics by the IOC, the decision that was widely criticized by both athletes and writers; the IOC only required Russia's athletes to be cleared by an internal panel and their respective sports federations. The IAAF had suspended Russia from international track and field events due to the scandal, but did allow Darya Klishina to participate in the Olympics because she was confirmed not to be a part of a doping program. The International Paralympic Committee suspended the Russian Paralympic Committee and banned the team from the 2016 Summer Paralympics.


2014 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Russian doping scandal
On 5 December 2017, the IOC voted to suspend the Russian Olympic Committee, thus banning it from sending athletes under the Russian flag to the 2018 Winter Olympics. Cleared Russian athletes were allowed to participate as "Olympic Athletes from Russia" (OAR). Two of them, curler Alexander Krushelnitskiy, who won a bronze medal, and bobsledder Nadezhda Sergeeva, failed drug tests during the Games.


2014 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Russian doping scandal
The IOC's Oswald Commission disqualified and banned 43 Russian athletes, and stripped thirteen medals they earned in Sochi. On 1 February 2018, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) found that the IOC provided insufficient evidence for 28 athletes, and overturned their IOC sanctions. For 11 other athletes, the CAS decided that there was sufficient evidence to uphold their Sochi sanctions, but reduced their lifetime bans to only the 2018 Winter Olympics.


2014 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Russian doping scandal
The IOC said in a statement that "the result of the CAS decision does not mean that athletes from the group of 28 will be invited to the [2018 Winter Olympic] Games. Not being sanctioned does not automatically confer the privilege of an invitation” and that “this [case] may have a serious impact on the future fight against doping”. The IOC found it important to note that the CAS Secretary General "insisted that the CAS decision does not mean that these 28 athletes are innocent” and that they would consider an appeal against the court's decision. Later that month, the Russian Olympic Committee was reinstated by the IOC, despite failed doping tests during the 2018 Olympics, and the Russian Anti- Doping Agency was re-certified in September, despite the Russian officials not accepting the McLaren report.


2014 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations
2014 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations was part of the opening ceremony at the 2014 Winter Olympics. The national team from each nation participating in the Olympic Games was preceded by their national flag flag bearer into Fisht Olympic Stadium in the host city of Sochi, Russia. The flag bearer was an athlete of each national delegation chosen, to represent the athletes, either by the National Olympic Committee or by the national team.


2014 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations
The order of the parade was by Olympic tradition with Greece, originator of the modern games, entering first. The host nation, Russia, entered last. The nations entered in Russian alphabetic order. As each national team entered their name was announced by IOC guidelines in the official languages and customs: French, then English and Russian.


2014 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations, List
Below is a list of parading countries and their announced flag bearer, in the same order as the parade. This is sortable by country name, flag bearer's name, or flag bearer's sport. Names are given in the form officially designated by the IOC.


2014 Winter Olympics cauldron
The 2014 Winter Olympics cauldron was erected for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony
The  closing ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics was held on 23 February 2014 from 20:14 to 22:25 MSK (UTC+4) at the Fisht Olympic Stadium in Sochi, Russia. It was designed to show Russian culture, through a European perspective, and featured performances by Yuri Bashmet, Valery Gergiev, Denis Matsuev, Hibla Gerzmava, and Tatiana Samouil, among others.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program
The closing program presented "Reflections of Russia"; that is, highlights of Russian culture, presented through a European perspective. It was directed by Daniele Finzi Pasca. Konstantin Ernst served as creative director and Andrei Nasonovskiy was the executive producer.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program
Throughout the ceremony, sporting highlights of the Games were replayed on the screens of Fisht Stadium. A "forest" of 204 long LED light tubes changed color throughout and the audience was given LED necklaces that also changed colors periodically.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Opening
The closing ceremonies began with a countdown to the sounds of the 9th Movement of Pictures at an Exhibition by Modest Mussorgsky, at the conclusion of which the LED forest turned on. Lyubov, the girl from the opening ceremony, entered the stadium in a rowing boat with two clowns and two children named Yuri and Valentina. An image representing the Black Sea below appeared on the floor.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Opening
Many volunteers appeared below them dressed as sea fish, which first form the Taegeuk symbol (a nod to Pyeongchang, the next winter Games host city), the infinity symbol and a star, then combined to form four Olympic Rings and a dot, a reference to the malfunction of one of the rings at the Opening Ceremony failing to open properly. After a pause, the volunteers forming the dot "opened" into the fifth Ring. The Russian flag was carried by the Russian Olympic Champions from the games.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, National anthem
The Russian national anthem was performed by the All-Russian joint choir, directed by Valery Gergiev, and the Pan Russian Youth Symphony, directed by Yuri Bashmet. The Russian flag was then raised.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Entrance of the flag bearers and the parade of the athletes
The flag bearers for the participating nations then entered the stadium at the same time. More than 2800 athletes, representing 88 nations, entered the stadium. Following tradition, the athletes entered the stadium in a large group.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Medal ceremonies
Medals were awarded for the women's 30 kilometre mass start freestyle (all won by Norwegian athletes) and the men's 50 kilometre mass start freestyle (all won by Russian athletes) events. The Russian national anthem was heard for the second time at the closing ceremony: this time, in a 2012 pre-recorded performance of the London 2012 arrangement by Philip Sheppard conducting the London Philharmonic Orchestra. This was the first time since the 2006 Winter Olympics closing ceremony that a host nation's anthem was heard twice in different forms.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Performances
The ceremony continued with a number of "chapters" reflecting different aspects of Russian culture. First was a scene entitled "The World of Malevich, Kandinsky and Chagall" inspired by the paintings of Marc Chagall featuring brides, fiddlers, clowns and acrobats. In the "Music" chapter, a grand piano arose from the stadium floor with pianist Denis Matsuev performing Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2 followed by composers in white wigs and tails hitting the spotlight with 62 more pianos. In the "Theatre" chapter, dancers demonstrated the ballet cultures of Moscow (Bolshoi) and Saint Petersburg (Mariinsky) to the music of Scheherazade by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. The First All-Russian Youth Symphony Orchestra accompanied the dancers.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Performances
Russian novelists, poets and playwrights including Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, Solzhenitsyn, Gogol, Chekhov and Akhmatova were honoured during the "Literature" chapter with a photo montage emerging from under the stage. A tribute to Russia's circus heritage, entitled "The Magic of Circus", featured more than 200 professional circus performers demonstrating their craft. The chapter culminated with the erection of a giant red-and-white big top.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Performances
In total, more than 7,000 people took part in the performance and more than 43,000 scenic elements were used.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Handover of the Olympic flag and Pyeongchang Awaits You
First, the Greek flag was raised while its anthem played. The Olympic Hymn was sung and an honour guard lowered the Olympic flag. The flag was passed by Anatoly Pakhomov, the mayor of Sochi, to Thomas Bach, President of the International Olympic Committee, who then passed it to Seok-Rae Lee, the mayor of Pyeongchang, which will host the 2018 Winter Olympics. The flag was waved four times before it was taken from the stadium. It was raised again in Rio de Janeiro on 5 August 2016 during the opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Handover of the Olympic flag and Pyeongchang Awaits You
The 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang provided an eight-minute segment to introduce Koreans to the world. The national anthem of the Republic of Korea was sung by two South Korean children. The segment featured an elderly South Korean man playing a gayageum, a traditional Korean string instrument, with people dressed as swallows, a common bird found in Korea, and the Gangwon Province version of the traditional Korean song "Arirang", performed by Lee Seung-chul, Sumi Jo and Na Yoon-sun. Children created snowmen while images of various Winter Olympic events were shown on the stage, concluding with the logo of the 2018 Winter Olympics.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Games declared closed and the extinguishing of the flame
The games were formally closed by International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach at 22:04 MSK, calling them 'The Athlete's Games'. He invited the world to assemble in four years' time in Pyeongchang for the 2018 Olympic Games. A final appearance was made by the three children accompanied by giant animatronic models of the three official mascots of the 2014 Olympic Games. A series of large mirrors combined and floated into the air to reveal the Olympic flame.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Program, Games declared closed and the extinguishing of the flame
The Olympic flame in the stadium and outside was blown out by the Polar Bear, who shed a tear after the flame went out – an homage to Misha and the 1980 Summer Olympics closing ceremony. A remix of Aleksandra Pakhmutova's "Goodbye, Moscow" played and the Polar Bear extinguished the Olympic flame. The 1,000 members of the Pan-Russian Children's Choir assembled with the mascots carrying small flames in their hands and Abkazian-Russian soprano Hibla Gerzmava sung "Goodbye, Sochi!" with the children's choir to close the games. The ceremony ended with a fireworks display set to the music of Tchaikovsky. Russian DJ Kto hosted the afterparty.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony flag bearers
During the closing ceremony in Sochi, Russia most of the 88 nations competing selected one member of their delegation to be the flagbearer. Some countries for example, Morocco chose the same athlete (Adam Lamhamedi) as the opening ceremony. On the other hand, some countries such as Luxembourg had already left the Olympic village, and therefore a volunteer carried the flags for those countries.


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony flag bearers, Countries and flagbearers
Below is a list of all parading countries with their announced flag bearer, sorted in the order in which they appeared in the parade. This is sortable by country name under which they entered, the flag bearer's name, or the flag bearer's sport. Names are given as were officially designated by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).


2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony flag bearers, Countries and flagbearers
*Rudy Rinaldi of Monaco was the reserve athlete (and thus did not compete) in the 2-man bobsledding event.


2014 Winter Olympics marketing
2014 Winter Olympics marketing was a long running campaign that began when Sochi won its bid to host the games in 2007.


2014 Winter Olympics marketing, Symbols, Emblem
The emblem of the 2014 Winter Olympics was unveiled in December 2009. While more elaborate designs with influence from Khokhloma were considered, organizers chose to use a more minimalistic and "futuristic" design instead, consisting only of typefaces with no drawn elements at all. The emblem was designed so that the "Sochi" and "2014" lettering would mirror each other vertically, "reflecting" the contrasts of Russia's landscape (such as Sochi itself, a meeting point between the Black Sea and the Western Caucasus).


2014 Winter Olympics marketing, Symbols, Emblem
Critics, including Russian bloggers, panned the logo for being too simplistic and lacking any real symbolism; Guo Chunning, designer of the 2008 Summer Olympics emblem Dancing Beijing, criticized it for its lack of detail, and believed it should have contained more elements that represented winter and Russia's national identity, aside from its blue color scheme and its use of .ru, the top-level domain of Russia.


2014 Winter Olympics marketing, Symbols, Slogan
The Games' official slogan, Hot. Cool. Yours. (Жаркие. Зимние. Твои. ), was unveiled on 25 September 2012, 500 days before the opening ceremony. Presenting the slogan, SOC president Dmitry Chernyshenko explained that it represented the "passion" and heated competition of the Games' athletes, the contrasting climate of Sochi, and a sense of inclusion and belonging.


2014 Winter Olympics marketing, Symbols, Mascots
For the first time in Olympic history, a public vote was held to decide the mascots for the 2014 Winter Olympics; the 10 finalists, along with the results, were unveiled during live specials on Channel One. On 26 February 2011, the official mascots were unveiled, consisting of a polar bear, a snow hare, and a snow leopard. The initial rounds consisted of online voting among submissions, while the final round involved text messaging.


2014 Winter Olympics marketing, Symbols, Colours
Most Olympic brands choose to represent themselves with 3 or 4 "primary" colours which are often symbolic to the region, as well as "secondary" colours not found in the logo which are often found in less common symbols and/or graphics. Sochi, however, made a statement to symbolise the diversity of Russia, and used over 30 colours from all over the spectrum, in 90 different patterns, all put together in a graphic designed to resemble a quilt. 5 different colour families were used at different venues around the games; Red Orange and Yellow, Yellow and Green, Green and Blue, Blue and Purple, and Purple and Pink. Non -venue areas, as well as volunteer jackets and other public spaces featured all 5 colour families together in one.


2014 Winter Olympics marketing, Banknotes and coins
In commemoration of the Games, Russian Post released a series of postage stamps depicting athletes, venues, and the mascots of the Games.


2014 Winter Olympics marketing, Video games
The official Olympic video game is the fourth game in the Mario & Sonic series, Mario & Sonic at the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games. It was released by Nintendo for the Wii U on 8 November 2013 in Europe, and 15 November 2013 in North America. Others were Sochi 2014: Ski Slopestyle Challenge for Android operating system and Sochi 2014: Olympic Games Resort for online social network Facebook.


2014 Winter Olympics marketing, Stamps
The Bank of Russia issued special coins and 100-ruble notes for the Games.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table
The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXII Olympic Winter Games, were a winter multi-sport event held in Sochi, Russia, from 7 to 23 February. A total of 2,873 athletes from 88 nations participated in 98 events in 7 sports across 15 different disciplines.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table
Initially, host nation Russia matched the Soviet Union's 1976 achievement of thirteen gold medals, but 4 gold, 8 silver and 1 bronze medals were stripped due to doping. However, later the Court of Arbitration for Sport reinstated 2 gold, 7 silver and 1 bronze medals.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table
The Netherlands achieved four podium sweeps in the speed skating, dominating the men's 500 metres, men's 5,000 metres, men's 10,000 metres, and women's 1,500 metres, surpassing the previous record of two podium sweeps. Slovenia won its first Winter Olympics gold medal ever, in alpine skiing. This was also the first Winter Olympic gold medal tie. Luger Armin Zöggeler of Italy became the first athlete to achieve six Winter Olympic medals over six consecutive games, all achieved at the men's singles event. Speed skater Ireen Wüst from the Netherlands achieved five medals (two gold and three silver), more than any other athlete. Korean-born Russian short track speed skater Viktor Ahn, Norwegian cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen, and Belarusian biathlete Darya Domracheva tied for the most gold medals, with three each.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Medal table
The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won, where nation is an entity represented by a National Olympic Committee (NOC). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Medal table
In the women's downhill event in alpine skiing two gold medals were awarded for a first place tie, no silver medal was awarded for the event. In the men's super-G alpine skiing, two bronze medals were awarded for a third place tie.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings, Russian team doping case
On 18 July 2016, the McLaren Report was published alleging that the Russian government had sanctioned the use of performance-enhancing drugs by Russian athletes in the 2014 Winter Olympics.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings, Russian team doping case
On 9 December 2016, a World Anti- Doping Agency report expanded upon the previous report and included the note that "Two [Russian] [sport] athletes, winners of 4 Sochi Olympic Gold medals, and a female Silver medal winner in [sport] had samples with salt readings that were physiologically impossible" and that "Twelve [Russian] medal winning athletes ... from 44 examined samples had scratches and marks on the inside of the caps of their B sample bottles, indicating tampering".


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings, Russian team doping case
In December 2016, following the release of the McLaren Report on Russian doping at the Sochi Olympics, the International Olympic Committee announced the initiation of an investigation of 28 Russian athletes at the Sochi Olympic Games. The number later rose to 46.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings, Russian team doping case
From 1 November 2017 to 22 December 2017 the IOC handled 46 cases related to Russian team doping. 3 cases have been closed without sanction and without official disclosing the names of suspected athletes. 43 Russian athletes were disqualified from the 2014 Winter Olympics and banned from competing in the 2018 edition and all other future Olympic Games as part of the Oswald Commission.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings, Russian team doping case
All but one of these athletes appealed against their bans to the Court of Arbitration for Sport. On 1 February 2018 the court overturned the sanctions on 28 athletes meaning that their Sochi medals and results are reinstated, but decided that there was sufficient evidence against 11 athletes to uphold their Sochi sanctions. On 24 September 2020 the court overturned the sanctions on 2 athletes meaning that their Sochi medals and results are reinstated, but decided that there was sufficient evidence against 1 athlete to uphold their Sochi sanctions. The court also decided that none of the 42 athletes should be banned from all future Olympic Games, but only the 2018 Games.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings, Russian team doping case
On 1 February 2018 the IOC said in a statement that “the result of the CAS decision does not mean that athletes from the group of 28 will be invited to the 2018 Games. Not being sanctioned does not automatically confer the privilege of an invitation” and that “this [case] may have a serious impact on the future fight against doping”. The IOC found it important to note that CAS Secretary General "insisted that the CAS decision does not mean that these 28 athletes are innocent” and that they would consider an appeal against the courts decision.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings, Russian team doping case
On 9 February 2018 the CAS dismissed 47 appeals from Russian athletes and coaches to the IOC's decision not invite these athletes and coaches to the 2018 Olympics. On 19 January 2019 the IOC's appeal of Legkov's case was rejected and the organization decided not to proceed with 27 remaining cases because the chance of winning would be very low. The IOC voiced its disappointment with the decision.


2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings, List of official changes
On 24 September 2020, the Court of Arbitration for Sport removed the sanctions from biathletes Olga Vilukhina, Yana Romanova, but upheld them on their teammate Olga Zaitseva.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics took place at the Fisht Olympic Stadium in Sochi, Russia, on 7 February 2014. It began at 20:14 MSK (UTC+4) and finished at 23:02 MSK (UTC+4). It was filmed and produced by OBS and Russian host broadcaster VGTRK. This was the first Winter Olympics and first Olympic Games opening ceremony under the IOC presidency of Thomas Bach. This was also the second consecutive Winter Olympic opening ceremony to be held in an indoor stadium.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony
The Games were officially opened by President Vladimir Putin. An audience of 40,000 were in attendance at the stadium with an estimated 2,000 performers.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Preparations
The site of the opening ceremony, Fisht Olympic Stadium was built specifically for the games. Fisht Stadium seats 40,000. No Olympic or Paralympic competitions were held there; it was only used for the opening and closing ceremonies during the respective Games. Television producer Konstantin Ernst was the main Creative Head in charge of the opening ceremonies. Andrei Nasonovsky was the Executive Producer of record; and Andrei Boltenko was the writer and director of the ceremony. A different team was in charge of the Closing Ceremony as well as the Paralympic ceremonies.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme
Pre -ceremony activities included performances by the Russian pop duo t.A.T.u. and the Ministry of Internal Affairs choir, who performed a version of Daft Punk's "Get Lucky".


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Dreams of Russia
The ceremony, opened with an on-screen video showing 11-year-old Liza Temnikova playing a character named Lyubov (Russian for 'love') reciting the Russian alphabet. Each letter is associated with images of a famous Russian person or landmark. Many of the letters features some of Russia's most famous writers such as Dostoyevsky, Nabokov, Tolstoy, Chekhov, and countless others that have impacted Russian history, culture, literature, and philosophy.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Dreams of Russia
Lyubov then flew into the air as she dreamed of grabbing the tail of a kite and being lifted far off the stage. Nine different floats, carrying Russian landscapes, passed beneath her as she slept.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Dreams of Russia
Five large snowflakes descended into the stadium which expanded and joined to form the Olympic rings. However, a technical error caused the fifth ring not to expand, and pyrotechnics did not go off from the rings. The mishap was later self-mocked by the organizers at the closing ceremony where one of the roundrelay dance groups symbolizing the Olympic rings "failed" to expand.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Anthems
The Sretensky Monastery men's choir sang the Russian National Anthem, while 240 volunteers stood in formation wearing glowing suits of white, red, and blue to represent the Russian flag. The Russian flag bearers were a detachment of cosmonauts — Fyodor Yurchikhin (who returned from space with the torch), Roman Romanenko, Svetlana Savitskaya and Yelena Serova – and the flag was raised by Sergei Krikalev. The volunteers moved up and down to create a waving flag motion.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Parade of Nations
The Parade of Nations was led, according to custom due to hosting the original ancient Olympics, by the Greek team, followed by other competing countries in alphabetical order based on their names in the Russian language, with the host country, Russia, culminating the march. Athletes were then seated in the lower level of the stadium's stands. A projected rendering of the Earth showing each competing country (along with their names in English, French and Russian, respectively) was displayed on the stadium floor as they entered. The parade was accompanied with a soundtrack by Russian electronic dance music producer Leonid Rudenko, which featured remixes of popular Russian music.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Mascots
After the Parade of Nations entered, the three mascots of the Games come out and walk on an ice-based shaping rink LED of the stadium. The hare is an alpine skier, the leopard and the polar bear are the skiers using skating rink shoes. The mascots bow quickly then head off for the next segment.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Performances
The opening ceremony focused heavily on classical music and large scale productions. Performances journeyed through Russian history through the eyes of a little girl called Lyubov ("Love"), played by Liza Temnikova, touching on Russia's art, music, and ballet. The Russian history presentation was ushered in by a brightly-lit troika of three horses followed by a red sun. Performances included the building of St Basil's Cathedral, represented by colourful inflatable sculptures, and 17th century czar Peter the Great building an army as Russia transitioned from medieval times to the 20th century.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Performances
Czar Peter's marching cadets (160 male dancers) moved from a map of the St Petersburg projected on the stadium floor to an imperial ball inspired by Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace, and featuring ballet dancers including Danila Korsuntsev, Ivan Vasiliev, and Svetlana Zakharova. The ball included music by Aleksander Sergeyevich Zatsepin and ended with the fifth movement (Rondo) of Alfred Schnittke's Concerto Grosso No. 1.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Performances
Fourteen columns rose from the floor, then disappeared, replaced first by scenes of the Russian Revolution and Soviet industrialization, followed by a giant moving reproduction of the famous statue Worker and Kolkhoz Woman made by Vera Mukhina in 1937, with hammer and sickle flying over the arena, symbolising the period of great industrialisation following the Bolshevik Revolution. Dozens of men carried rockets and the name of Yuri Gagarin appeared on the floor, followed up skyscrapers emerging against a background of modern typography.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Performances
The organizing committee initially wanted to include scenes of Soviet victory in the World War Two, but the IOC protested and the plans were abandoned.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Performances
Putin declared the games open, followed by a performance of Swan Lake in which the Swans, holding strands of blue LED lights, transformed into the Dove of Peace, a traditional Olympic symbol. Prima ballerina Diana Vishneva was among those who performed.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Performances
Many performers wore white to symbolise peace. More than 3,000 performers and 2,000 volunteers took part in the show. 10,000 people in all helped organise and execute the ceremonies. 120 projectors and 2.6 million lumens turned the stadium floor into a 3D, moving landscape.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Oath and torch lighting
The Olympic flag was brought into the stadium with eight flag bearers: Chulpan Khamatova, Lidiya Skoblikova, Anastasia Popova, Valentina Tereshkova, Viacheslav Fetisov, Valery Gergiev, Alan Enileev and Nikita Mikhalkov. During the flag raising, opera singer Anna Netrebko later sang the Olympic Anthem in Russian.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Oath and torch lighting
The Olympic Oath on behalf of all athletes was taken by Ruslan Zakharov (Short-track), Vyacheslav Vedenin took the oath for all judges and Anastasia Popkova took the oath for all coaches.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Oath and torch lighting
For the finale, tennis player Maria Sharapova brought the Olympic Torch (the torch that had gone to the International Space Station in November) into the stadium. She handed it off to pole vaulter Yelena Isinbayeva who, in turn, passed it to wrestler Aleksandr Karelin. Karelin then passed the torch to gymnast Alina Kabaeva. Figure skater Irina Rodnina took the torch and was met by former ice hockey goalkeeper Vladislav Tretiak, handing the torch to him. Tretiak jogged out of the stadium alongside Rodnina.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Programme, Oath and torch lighting
The pair then jointly lit the Olympic cauldron installed at the Sochi Medals Plaza in Sochi Olympic Park to the music of the "Firebird Suite" by Igor Stravinsky. Gas jets led the Olympic flame to the top of the Olympic Cauldron. This was followed by a fireworks display across the area around Fisht Olympic Stadium, including the other sporting venues. Twenty-two tonnes of fireworks were lit as Tchaikovsky's Nutcracker score played. In total, the show lasted just under three hours.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Music
The music for the winning bid was composed by Eric Babak with the Russian State Symphony Cinema Orchestra withthe State Academic Choral Chapel of Russia.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Television coverage
The malfunction of the fifth Olympic snowflake ring was not seen during the telecast of the ceremony in Russia, where both Channel One and VGTRK quickly cut to footage of the scene from a dress rehearsal, where the sequence worked correctly.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Television coverage
In the United States, NBC's broadcasts of the opening ceremony were delayed until evening hours. The broadcast attracted 31.7 million American viewers, compared to 32.6 million for the live telecast of the 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Television coverage
In Britain, BBC Two's coverage of the ceremony attracted a peak 3.2 million viewers and an average rating of 2.47 million.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Television coverage
BBM Canada ratings for CBC's live, repeat and online broadcasts of the ceremony totalled 6.974 million viewers.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Television coverage
In Australia, Network 10 broadcast the ceremony at 3 am AEDT.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Reception
The Independent's Simon Rice found some portions of the ceremony to be "confusing" and other "spectacular", while describing the cauldron lighting as "an unimaginative domino of flames". The New York Times review described the proceedings as "sheer pageantry and national pride". Katherine Monk of Canada's Postmedia News described the athletes' clothing as "a lot sexier than the old Communist-era cardboard garb". Kathy Lally and Will Englund of The Washington Post commented that "The scale bordered on the colossal" and called the ceremony "poetry – in motion".


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Reception
Despite Russia's stance on LGBT people (including its 2013 law banning the distribution of LGBT "propaganda" to minors, which had been a major concern leading up to the Olympics), the Huffington Post noted that the opening ceremony, ironically, featured tributes to "some of history's most widely acclaimed and definitely gay Russians", including composer Peter Tchaikovsky (1840–1893), ballet dancer Vaslav Nijinsky (1889–1950), and patron of arts, and founder of Ballets Russes, Sergei Diaghilev. Russian organizers denied any connection, stating that these figures were selected because of their cultural significance.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Reception
On the same topic, critics also noted the Russian pop duo t.A.T.u were invited to perform during the opening ceremony; although they are not actually lesbian, the all-female duo were well known for incorporating themes of lesbianism in their music and on-stage personas (live appearances often featured the singers kissing each other), its name is a corruption of a shortened Russian phrase meaning "this girl loves that girl", and the duo made a statement in support of LGBT rights in the wake of Yuri Luzhkov's objection to the 2007 Moscow Pride parade. Organizers noted that t.A.T.u were chosen because they were well known to an international audience, denying any relation to LGBT rights.


2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Dignitaries in attendance
Aside from athletes and members of the IOC, 5 multilateral leaders and representatives from more than 80 countries (included at least 60 heads of state and government) attended the opening ceremony.


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay
The 2014 Winter Olympics torch relay was run from October 7, 2013, 123 days prior to the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics, until February 7, 2014, the day of the opening ceremony at Sochi. In Russia the relay traveled from Moscow to Sochi through 2,900 towns and villages across all 83 federal subjects of Russia by foot, car, train, plane, and troika for over 65,000 km of journey. The event became the longest relay in Winter Olympics history.


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay
The lighting ceremony was held on September 29, 2013 at Olympia, Greece with Greek alpine skier Ioannis Antoniou as the first torchbearer. The first Russian torchbearer was NHL star Alex Ovechkin, who received the torch from Antoniou in Olympia.


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, The Torches
The 2014 Olympic Torches were unveiled on January 14, 2013 in Moscow. The torch is chrome with red detail, a traditional colour of Russian sport. It was designed by a creative team led by Vladimir Pirozhkov and Andrei Vodyanik and weighs nearly 1.8 kg (4.0 lb), is 0.95 m (37 in) tall, 0.145 m (5.7 in) wide, and 0.54 m (21 in) deep.


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, The Torches
The torches failed on at least forty-four occasions during the relay, a failure rate of about 3 percent compared to the average 5 percent at the previous Olympics, and on one occasion, a nearby guard helped light the fire again with a lighter. The People's Front (a movement created and led by Vladimir Putin) has called for a criminal investigation into the manufacturer of the torches, a rocket/missile factory.


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Special relay
On October 20, 2013, the torches reached the North Pole for first time via a nuclear-powered icebreaker 50 Let Pobedy. On November 6, 2013, the torch was flown into space by Soyuz rocket and brought back on November 11. The torch reached Europe's highest mountain, Mount Elbrus, and the depths of Siberia's Lake Baikal.


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
October 7–9 (day 1–3): MoscowOctober 10 (day 4): KolomnaOctober 10 (day 4): OdintsovoOctober 10 (day 4): ArkhangelskoyeOctober 10 (day 4): KrasnogorskOctober 10 (day 4): Dmitrov


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
October 11 (day 5): TorzhokOctober 11 (day 5): TverOctober 12 (day 6): Rzhev


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
October 14 (day 8): Yasnaya PolyanaOctober 14 (day 8): NovomoskovskOctober 14 (day 8): Tula


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
October 16 (day 10): MuromOctober 16 (day 10): VladimirOctober 17 (day 11): Suzdal


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
October 22 (day 16): KizhiOctober 22 (day 16): PetrozavodskOctober 23 (day 17): PryazhaOctober 23 (day 17): Olonets


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
October 27 (day 21): Saint PetersburgOctober 28 (day 22): KronstadtOctober 28 (day 22): LomonosovOctober 28 (day 22): PetergofOctober 28 (day 22): Pushkin


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
November 4 (day 29): Novy UrengoyNovember 4 (day 29): Salekhard


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
November 23 (day 48): Listvyanka (Lake Baikal)November 24 (day 49): Irkutsk


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
November 29 (day 54): Kedrovskiy coal mineNovember 30 (day 55): Kemerovo


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
December 6–7 (day 61–62): NovosibirskDecember 8 (day 63): KuybyshevDecember 8 (day 63): Barabinsk


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
December 13–14 (day 68–69): YekaterinburgDecember 13 (day 68): Nizhny TagilDecember 15 (day 70): Kamensk-Uralsky


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
December 24 (day 79): SyzranDecember 24 (day 79): TolyattiDecember 25 (day 80): Samara


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
January 21 (day 107): NovocherkasskJanuary 21 (day 107): ShakhtyJanuary 22 (day 108): Rostov-on-Don


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Route in Russia
January 30 (day 116): NalchikFebruary 1 (day 118): Mount Elbrus


2014 Winter Olympics torch relay, Protests
Gay activist Pavel Lebedev (not to be confused with a Russian retired figure skater Pavel Lebedev) was arrested at the relay in Voronezh for unveiling a rainbow flag. When interviewed he said "hosting the games here contradicts the basic principles of the Olympics, which is to cultivate tolerance".


2014 Winter Paralympics
The 2014 Winter Paralympics (Russian: Зимние Паралимпийские игры 2014, romanized: Zimniye Paralimpiyskiye igry 2014), the 11th Paralympic Winter Games, and also more generally known as the Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games, were an international multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), held in Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia from 7 to 16 March 2014. 45 National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) participated in the Games, which marked the first time Russia ever hosted the Paralympics. The Games featured 72 medal events in five sports, and saw the debut of snowboarding at the Winter Paralympics.


2014 Winter Paralympics
The lead-up to these Paralympics were met with concerns regarding Russia's military intervention in the nearby Crimean peninsula of Ukraine the month before the opening of the games. The head of Ukraine's NPC stated that it would pull its athletes if the situation escalated, while the United Kingdom and United States chose not to send governmental delegations to the Games. The crisis ultimately had no impact on athlete participation, but members of the Ukrainian team did stage symbolic protests of the crisis during the Games (including most notably, all but the country's flagbearer sitting out of the opening ceremony's parade of nations).


2014 Winter Paralympics
With 80 medals, 30 of them being gold, the host country of Russia won the most medals during these Games, and set a record for the most medals won by a single country during a single Winter Paralympic Games. Additionally, Russian skier Roman Petushkov won the most individual gold medals in Winter Paralympic history, with six golds across skiing and biathlon events. However, following the Games, the IPC discovered evidence that Russia's performance had been aided by a wider state-sponsored doping program. This resulted in restrictions on the participation of Russian athletes during subsequent Paralympics.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Bidding process
As part of a formal agreement between the International Paralympic Committee and the International Olympic Committee first established in 2001, the winner of the bid for the 2014 Winter Olympics was also to host the 2014 Winter Paralympics. Following the second and final round of voting at the 119th IOC Session in Guatemala City, Guatemala on 4 July 2007, the city of Sochi, Russia was awarded the 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Organization, Venues
As with previous Paralympics, the 2014 Winter Paralympics used most of the same venues that were used by the Olympics, situated within the Sochi Olympic Park and the resort of Krasnaya Polyana.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Organization, Venues
Despite the IPC believing that Russia had "zero track record in terms of accessibility"—given that the Soviet Union passed on hosting the 1980 Summer Paralympics after claiming no disabled athletes lived in Russia, the venues were built to the IPC's standards, organizers were quick to fix some of the issues pointed out by officials during an audit of the venues in January 2014, and an IPC spokesperson stated that they were "confident and expect everything to be ready for Games time." Organizers and the IPC hoped that the Paralympics' legacy would make Sochi a role model for inclusive design throughout the country, and IPC president Philip Craven went as far as dubbing Sochi the first accessible city in Russia, commending the country's changed stance on disability since 1980.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Organization, Sochi Olympic Park (Coastal Cluster)
The Sochi Olympic Park was built by the Black Sea coast in the Imeretin Valley, about 4 km (2.5 miles) from Russia's border with Abkhazia. The venues are clustered around a central water basin with a synchronized fountain, allowing all indoor venues to be within walking distance. Off these, the venues used during the Paralympics included:


2014 Winter Paralympics, Mascots
A shortlist of 10 Olympic and 3 Paralympic designs were shown to the public on 7 February 2011, while the winners were revealed on 26 February 2011. The Paralympic mascots, Ray of Light and Snowflake, represented contrasts and inclusivity: their fictional backstories portrayed them as having respectively come to Earth from a hot planet and a cold comet. After Ray of Light overcame his struggle to adapt to a winter environment, he bonded with Snowflake through a shared passion for winter sports.


2014 Winter Paralympics, The Games, Opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of the Games were held at Fisht Olympic Stadium on 7 March 2014. Entitled "Breaking the Ice", the ceremony was themed around equality and "breaking" barriers, featuring ballet sequences set to music by notable Russian composers, and animated segments by Aleksandr Petrov based on the story of the firebird. During the parade of nations, Ukraine's athletes declined to participate in protest of the situation in Crimea, and was represented solely by its flagbearer Mykailo Tkachenko.


2014 Winter Paralympics, The Games, Opening ceremony
In his opening speech, IPC president Philip Craven praised Russia for finally fulfilling its "dream" of hosting the Paralympics after previously passing on the opportunity in 1980. He called upon spectators to have a "barrier-free mind", stating that "the sport you witness here will change you. Not just for now, but forever." The Paralympic cauldron was jointly lit by Russian Paralympians Olesya Vladykina and Sergey Shilov.


2014 Winter Paralympics, The Games, Participating National Paralympic Committees
Athletes representing forty-five National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) competed at the 2014 Winter Paralympics, an increase of one NPC over 2010.


2014 Winter Paralympics, The Games, Participating National Paralympic Committees
Brazil, Turkey and Uzbekistan made their Winter Paralympic debut in Sochi, while Hungary and South Africa, who participated in Vancouver, did not send any athletes.


2014 Winter Paralympics, The Games, Sports
Competitions in the 2014 Winter Paralympics were held in five Winter Paralympic sports, with 72 medal events in total. New for 2014 was the addition of snowboarding events, which were incorporated into the alpine skiing program.


2014 Winter Paralympics, The Games, Closing ceremony
The closing ceremony of the 2014 Winter Paralympics was held on 16 March 2014 at Fisht Olympic Stadium. Entitled "Reaching the Impossible", the ceremony was themed around inclusivity, and featured sequences paying tribute to Russian abstract artist Wassily Kandinsky, and Alexey Pajitnov's classic video game Tetris. During his closing remarks, deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Kozak stated that the Games had become a "catalyst for our efforts to create a barrier-free environment in Russia", and promised that "this important work will continue throughout our vast country." Sir Phillip Craven congratulated Russia for hosting what he deemed to be the best Winter Paralympic Games, and stated that the Games' participants had "shown the world that absolutely anything is possible and that life is about amazing capabilities and not perceived deficiencies."


2014 Winter Paralympics, Medals
Sochi's Paralympic medal design was unveiled in May 2013 alongside its Olympic equivalent. The design incorporates a "patchwork quilt" of diamonds, some of which are translucent, containing designs that reflect Russia's regions, and also contain inscriptions in braille.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Broadcasting
In February 2013, following its successful broadcast of the 2012 Summer Paralympics, British broadcaster Channel 4 announced on February 2014 that it had obtained the broadcast rights to further Games, including the 2014 Winter Paralympics, and 2016 Summer Paralympics. Channel 4 planned to broadcast more than 45 hours of coverage from Sochi. Australian coverage was provided by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, including live online streaming. However, aside from the opening ceremony (which was broadcast live), television coverage was limited to a daily half-hour highlights show.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Broadcasting
In the United States, NBC Sports acquired the rights to the 2014 and 2016 Paralympics in September 2013. Following criticism of its minimal coverage of past Paralympics (such as at the 2012 Summer Paralympics, where in contrast to its extensive Olympics coverage, it broadcast only five-and-a-half hours of highlights), NBC announced plans for a total of 52 hours of coverage during the Games, with at least 27 hours of coverage broadcast live, and live coverage of the opening ceremony.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Broadcasting
The majority of its coverage was relegated to NBC Sports Network, but NBC aired highlights of the opening ceremony the following afternoon, and live coverage of the sledge hockey finals. CBC Sports, in conjunction with the Canadian Paralympic Committee, produced and syndicated television and digital coverage of the Games in Canada for CBC Television (30 hours), Ici Radio-Canada Télé (French, 7 hours), Sportsnet, AMI-tv (coverage with open described video), and Yahoo! Sports Canada.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies
Although concerns over LGBT rights still had a minor effect on the Games, they were overshadowed by a crisis in the Ukrainian region of Crimea which began during the Olympics, but became more severe immediately prior to the Paralympics.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Crimean crisis
On 27–28 February 2014 in the aftermath of the Ukrainian revolution, Russian troops seized control of most of the Crimean peninsula of Ukraine located on the northern coast of the Black Sea—roughly 480 kilometres (300 mi) from Sochi, including civil buildings, airports, and military bases. On 1 March 2014, the Russian legislature approved the use of the Russian military in Ukraine, and Russian officials stated that their military forces in Crimea were not a breach of existing agreements between Russia and Ukraine.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Crimean crisis
The Ukrainian response has been muted trying to find a diplomatic solution, with no military action on the part of Ukraine's government, which was formed in Kyiv less than a week before the intervention. Russia vowed troops would stay until the political situation was "normalised". A referendum on whether Crimea would separate from Ukraine was held on 16 March 2014—the same day as the closing ceremony of these Games.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Crimean crisis
The effects of these developments led to several notable political actions surrounding the Paralympics. On 2 March 2014, British Prime Minister David Cameron announced that British government officials were planning to boycott the 2014 Winter Paralympics in response to the situation in Crimea, while Prince Edward cancelled plans to travel to Sochi for the Games "on the advice of government."


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Crimean crisis
On 3 March 2014, United States National Security Council spokeswoman Caitlin Hayden announced that the United States would not send a presidential delegation to Sochi (which was to be led by Tammy Duckworth) at all, "in addition to other measures we are taking in response to the situation in Ukraine." Neither of the boycotts affected the participation of their respective athletes in the Games; Hayden went on to say that "President Obama continues to strongly support all of the U.S. athletes who will participate in the Paralympics and wishes them great success".


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Crimean crisis
IPC communications head Craig Spence reported prior to the Games that there were not any boycott efforts among athletes, and stated that although the organization would keep an eye on the situation in the Crimea, "we've obviously expressed our disappointment with what's going on in the political situation, but at the end of the day, we're not here to do politics. We're here to organize a sporting event." He went on to emphasize that the same level of security measures in place during the Olympics were in place during the Paralympics, ensuring that Sochi would be the "safest place" in the country during the Games.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Crimean crisis
The Ukraine team still participated in the Games, but Valeriy Sushkevich, head of the country's National Paralympic Committee, warned that "if there is an escalation of the conflict, intervention on the territory of our country, God forbid the worst, we would not be able to stay here. We would go." Similarly to the Olympics, political protests and statements among athletes were forbidden during Paralympic events, although two major, symbolic protests by the Ukrainian team occurred during the Games. During the opening ceremonies, all but one of the country's 31 athletes declined to participate in the parade of nations.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Crimean crisis
The country was represented solely by Nordic skier and flagbearer Mykailo Tkachenko, whose entrance was greeted with an ovation from the audience. Some Ukrainian medalists were seen covering their medal with their hand during ceremonies as another form of silent protest; Sushkevich stated that the covering was "a demonstration that aggression and the high ideals of Paralympic sports are incompatible."


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Russian doping scandal
On 18 July 2016, the World Anti- Doping Agency published the first part of an independent report detailing a state-sponsored doping program in Russian Olympic and Paralympic sport, coordinated by the country's Ministry of Sport and Federal Security Service (FSB), where positive urine samples were swapped in favour of clean ones in order to evade detection. The IPC found evidence that swapping of positive samples had occurred during the 2014 Winter Paralympics.


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, Russian doping scandal
On 7 August 2016, the International Paralympic Committee announced that it had suspended the Russian Paralympic Committee. The country was banned from the 2016 Summer Paralympics. At the 2018 Winter Paralympics, the RPC remained suspended, but the IPC did allow clean Russian athletes to compete neutrally under the Paralympic flag (mirroring a similar decision by the IOC for the 2018 Winter Olympics).


2014 Winter Paralympics, Concerns and controversies, LGBT rights
Concerns surrounding LGBT rights in Russia and the country's "gay propaganda" law continued into the Paralympics. On 4 February 2014, Norway's openly gay health minister Bent Høie announced he would attend the Games with his husband, as is common for cabinet officials to travel with their spouses. The Federation of Gay Games also started a petition calling for IPC president Philip Craven not to attend the Games if Russian authorities did not allow the Russian Open Games, a multi-sport event for LGBT athletes which organizers attempted to hold prior to the Paralympics, to occur. These games were faced with a bomb threat, and its venues arbitrarily pulling out of providing their services for events, which was believed to be a result of government pressure.


2014 Winter Paralympics Parade of Nations
During the Parade of Nations at the opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Paralympics, athletes from each participating country paraded in the Fisht Olympic Stadium, preceded by its flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Paralympic Committee or by the athletes themselves.


2014 Winter Paralympics Parade of Nations, Parade order
All nations paraded in alphabetical order of the Russian alphabet except the host country, the Russian Federation, who entered last.


2014 Winter Paralympics Parade of Nations, Countries and flag bearers
The following is a list of all parading countries with their respective flag bearer, sorted in the order they appeared in the parade. This is sortable by country name under which they entered, the flag bearer's name, or the flag bearer's sport. Names are given as were officially designated by the IPC.


2014 Winter Paralympics closing ceremony
The  closing ceremony of the 2014 Winter Paralympics was held on 16 March 2014 at 20:14 MSK (UTC+4) at the Fisht Olympic Stadium in Sochi, Russia.


2014 Winter Paralympics closing ceremony, Awards
During the Closing Ceremony, Toby Kane, a male alpine skier from Australia, and Bibian Mentel-Spee, a female snowboarder from the Netherlands, were named winners of the Whang Youn Dai Achievement Award, which is presented at every Paralympic Games for outstanding performances and overcoming adversity.


2014 Winter Paralympics closing ceremony, Awards
The flag was handed over to the mayor of PyeongChang, the host city of the next edition of the Winter Paralympics.


2014 Winter Paralympics medal table
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by JJMC89 bot III (talk | contribs) at 22:01, 14 March 2020 (Moving Category:Russian sports-related lists to Category:Russia sport-related lists per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2020 January 31#Sport-related lists by country). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


2014 Winter Paralympics medal table
The 2014 Winter Paralympics medal table is a list of National Paralympic Committees ranked by the number of medals won during the 2014 Winter Paralympics, which were held in Sochi, Russia from 7 to 16 March. Athletes from 45 nations participated in 72 events in five sports. The Russian team became the leader of the medal count, effectively collecting 37% of all medals. However, following the Games, the IPC discovered evidence that Russia's performance has been aided by a wider state-sponsored doping program.


2014 Winter Paralympics medal table, Medal table
The ranking in this table is based on information provided by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and is consistent with IPC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a "nation" is an entity represented by a National Paralympic Committee). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by IPC country code.


2014 Winter Paralympics opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Paralympics took place at the Fisht Olympic Stadium in Sochi, Russia, on 7 March 2014. It began at 20:14 MSK (UTC+4) to match the time to the year.


2014 Winter Paralympics opening ceremony, Ceremony
The opening ceremony was titled "Breaking the Ice" and centered on breaking down barriers and celebrating Russian culture. It opened with a rhythmic dance featuring 126 performers dressed in the colors of the Russian flag. Russian dance and music were featured throughout, as performances were interspersed with animated segments featuring drawings of the firebird, a staple of Russian mythology, by Alexander Petrov. Tchaikovsky's "Sugar Plum Fairy" and an homage to ice fishing were among the performances. Many of the show's 2500 performers were disabled, including singer Yuliya Samoylova who led the choir in a performance of "Together".


2014 Winter Paralympics opening ceremony, Ceremony
During the March of Nations, athletes entered from a central ramp, just as in the opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics. Soviet-era rock music played as the nations alphabetically (in the Russian alphabet) paraded through a "forest" of 204 light poles. Ukraine was represented by a single athlete carrying their flag to represent the 23-person team in an apparent protest to the situation in Crimea, Ukraine. Carrying the flag, biathlete Mykhaylo Tkachenko drew a loud applause as he entered the stadium.


2014 Winter Paralympics opening ceremony, Ceremony
As the host nation, Russia entered last to the tune of the 1988 song "The Last Letter" by the famous rock band Nautilus Pompilius. The song is better known as "Goodbye America" in Russia, reflecting a famous line from the song: "Good-bye, America that I will never see. Will I hear your song that I will always remember?" The final segment of the performance featured a number based on the plays of Anton Chekhov and stage singer Maria Guleghina singing a song based on the poetry of Mikhail Lermontov while riding an ice-breaking ship named Mir (Peace).


2014 Winter Paralympics opening ceremony, Ceremony
During his speech at the opening ceremony International Paralympic Committee president Philip Craven noted that Russia had declined to host the 1980 Paralympics in conjunction with the 1980 Summer Olympics, making this the first time Russia has hosted the games. He called on spectators to have "barrier-free mind" just as "the city of Sochi has built a barrier-free environment for athletes and officials to enjoy". Russian President Vladimir Putin declared the games open, drawing loud cheers. Russian Paralympians Olesya Vladykina and Sergey Shilov shared the honor of lighting the Paralympic torch. The opening ceremony ended with a video that spoke out against discrimination.


2014 Winter Paralympics torch relay
The 2014 Winter Paralympics Torch Relay was a 10-day event leading up to the 2014 Winter Paralympic Games in Sochi. It began on February 26, 2014, in Cape Dezhnyov and concluded at the Games' opening ceremony on March 7. It is held entirely within Russia, the host country


2014 Winter Paralympics torch relay, Route
February 26 (day 1): Cape DezhnevFebruary 26 (day 1): VladivostokFebruary 26 (day 1): KhabarovskFebruary 26 (day 1): MagadanFebruary 26 (day 1): AnadyrFebruary 26 (day 1): Yakutsk


2014 Winter Paralympics torch relay, Route
March 5 (day 8): KrasnodarMarch 5 (day 8): TaganrogMarch 5 (day 8): VolgogradMarch 6 (day 9): Sochi


2014 Winton 400
The 2014 Winton 400 was a motor race meeting for the Australian sedan-based V8 Supercars. It was the third event of the 2014 International V8 Supercars Championship. It was held on the weekend of 4–6 April at the Winton Motor Raceway, near Winton, Victoria.


2014 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 2014 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election took place on 22 May 2014 to elect members of Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council in England. This election was held on the same day as other local elections.


2014 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election, Election results, Changes in council composition
Prior to the election the composition of the council was:


2014 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election, Ward results
Results compared directly with the last local election in 2012.


2014 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election, Notes
• italics denote the sitting councillor • bold denotes the winning candidate


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The 2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team represented the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Badgers were led by second-year head coach Gary Andersen, were members of the new West Division of the Big Ten Conference, and played their home games at Camp Randall Stadium. They finished the season 11–3, 7–1 in Big Ten play to be champions of the West Division. As champions of the West Division, they played East Division champions Ohio State in the Big Ten Championship Game where they lost 59-0.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team
Several days after the Big Ten Championship game in early December, head coach Gary Andersen stepped down to become the head coach at Oregon State of the Pac-12 Conference. Athletic director and former Badger head coach Barry Alvarez was the interim head coach for the Outback Bowl against Auburn, a 34–31 overtime victory on New Year's Day in Tampa, Florida.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU
The Badgers started off the regular season with a neutral site game against the LSU Tigers in Houston, Texas.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU
The game was McEvoy's debut as a Wisconsin quarterback. His 34.16 passer rating was the worst for a Wisconsin quarterback since 1977 when Mike Kalasmiki's debut passer rating was 5.20. After the game McEvoy stated that he was "disgusted" with his performance and that he "obviously had a bad game". Wisconsin's new starting kicker, freshman Rafael Gaglianone, made his first career field goal with a 51-yarder in the first quarter; his celebratory dance after making the kick was covered by some sporting news sites such as Bleacher Report.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU
During the game Wisconsin's defensive tackle Konrad Zagzebski and defensive end Warren Herring sustained injuries. Zagzebski was taken off the field in the 1st quarter in a stretcher and taken to memorial hospital. Herring injured his knee in the 3rd quarter.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU, Postgame injuries and miscommunications
After the game, it was announced that three players would be out for weeks due to injuries. Defensive end Warren Herring had surgery on his right knee and is projected to be out for up to six weeks. Fullback Derek Watt had surgery on his right foot and is project to be out for eight weeks.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU, Postgame injuries and miscommunications
After the LSU game a press release by Wisconsin's head coach, Gary Andersen announced that Joel Stave didn't play due to what was initially called a shoulder injury and that Stave was out indefinitely. Stave's shoulder injury stems from the 2014 Capital One Bowl where Stave sustained an AC-joint injury. After Stave claimed he wasn't injured but was dealing with "yips" as he called them Andersen retracted his statement that Stave was injured but still said Stave was "out indefinitely".


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU, Postgame injuries and miscommunications
Stave summed up the situation with "Right now, my arm is just not working the way I'd like it to, I don't know what it is. ... I've thrown how many thousands of balls in my life. I know when it hurts and when it doesn't. It just isn't right." With Stave out sophomore Bart Houston moved up to the #2 quarterback position with true freshman DJ Gillins the #3 quarterback.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU, Postgame injuries and miscommunications
Andersen was criticized for Gordon only having three carries in the second half; when asked why he didn't play Gordon more in the second half Andersen stated that he "didn't know why Gordon had limited carries". Gordon stated to the media after the game that he wasn't injured. However, two days later Andersen stated that Gordon strained his hip-flexor on the last play in the 2nd quarter of the game against LSU and "we were trying to be smart with him as the rest of the game went on".


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU, Postgame injuries and miscommunications
He cited the hip-flexor injury as the reason why Gordon "pulled up" on his 63-yard run early in the 3rd quarter. Gordon stated that it was a "miscommunication" with the coaching staff and that "maybe I should have really let them know, let coach A know and stepped up and told them, 'Look, I need to be in there.' I kind of just sat back, and I put that on myself. I wasn't really forceful with it. I really wasn't demanding with it, and I probably should have been."


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #13 LSU, Postgame injuries and miscommunications
After the game, it was announced that fullback Derek Watt, defensive end Warren Herring would be out for weeks.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, Western Illinois
The Badgers made the quickest score in the history of college football. In the opening kickoff, the Leathernecks kick returner stepped out of the end zone before returning and taking a knee the end zone for a safety. One second had elapsed off the clock.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, Bowling Green
Melvin Gordon set a personal best against Bowling Green, rushing 253 yards on 13 carries for five touchdowns. Gordon also recorded his first career fumble as the ball was stripped by a Bowling Green defender after 322 career carries. Gordon was named the Big Ten Player of the Week for his performance against Bowling Green; he shared the honor with Nebraska Halfback Ameer Abdullah.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, South Florida
The game was the first time USF and Wisconsin had played one another. After a slow first half ending in USF and Wisconsin trading field goals Wisconsin exploded in the second half, scoring 24 points to USF's 7 resulting in a win for the Badgers.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, at Rutgers
Wisconsin recorded its first road shutout since 1998 against the Scarlet Knights. Wisconsin's Defensive Coordinator, Dave Aranda was named Coordinator of the Week by Athlon Sports Wisconsin's runningback Corey Clement, a New Jersey native, was named Big Ten Offensive Player of the Week.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, at Purdue
Badgers Sophomore linebacker Vince Biegel was named Big Ten Defensive Player of the Week as a result of his performance against the Boilermakers.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #11 Nebraska
Prior to the game it was announced by both the Nebraska and Wisconsin athletic departments that the two teams would now play for the Freedom Trophy. The game was referred to as a showdown between two Big Ten runningback Heisman Trophy candidates; Nebraska's Ameer Abdullah and Wisconsin's Melvin Gordon.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #11 Nebraska
Through the 2014 season Nebraska was only allowing an average of 117.0 yards rushing per game against FBS opponents, ranked 15th in the nation; the Cornhuskers rushing offense was tenth in the country averaging 280.7 rushing yards per game. Wisconsin's defense was only allowing an average of 99.5 yards rushing per game, ranked 5th in the nation; the Badgers rushing offense were fifth in the country averaging 325.7 rushing yards per game.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #11 Nebraska
The game started off with three costly turnovers for the Badgers quickly leading to the Cornhuskers being up 17–3 at the start of the second quarter, two of the turnovers were fumbles by Melvin Gordon. The Badgers then scored 56 unanswered points before Nebraska answered with a final touchdown at the end of the fourth quarter. The Badgers defense held Nebraska to just 180 total yards of offense for the game and managed to contain Ameer Abdullah to just 69 rushing yards on 18 attempts; meanwhile the Badgers offense totaled 627 yards of offense, 591 rushing and 46 passing. As a result, Wisconsin moved into first place in the Big Ten's West Division.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #11 Nebraska
During the game Melvin Gordon set the FBS single game rushing record with 408 rushing yards. Gordon accomplished this, as well as scoring four rushing touchdowns, in only three quarters of play. The previous mark of 406 yards was set by LaDainian Tomlinson and had stood as a record since 1999. Along the way he also broke the Wisconsin Badgers single game rushing record of 339 yards, formerly held by Ron Dayne; the Big Ten single game rushing record of 377 yards by Indiana's Anthony Thompson. Gordon rushed for more than 39 yards on six plays. Prior to the matchup Nebraska's defense had only allowed three runs of more than 35 yards.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #11 Nebraska
Two Badgers players were named Big Ten Player of the Week with Melvin Gordon being named offensive Player of the Week and Joe Schobert defensive Player of the Week.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, at Iowa
At the end of the game Melvin Gordon tied the Big Ten and Wisconsin records for most rushing yards in a season (2,109) which was set by Wisconsin running back Ron Dayne in 1996. Also during the game Gordon became the fastest player to reach 2,000 yards rushing in FBS history, on 241 carries. The previous holder for fastest 2,000 yards was Penn State running back Larry Johnson who accomplished the feat on 251 carries in 2002. Gordon received his third Big Ten Offensive Player of the Week in the season.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #22 Minnesota
The Battle for Paul Bunyan's Axe would decide the Big Ten's Western division representative to the 2014 Big Ten Football Championship Game. The last time the rivalry determined a Big Ten Conference champion was in 1962 when #3 Wisconsin defeated #5 Minnesota for a berth to the 1963 Rose Bowl.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #22 Minnesota
Wisconsin would trail in this game 17–3 about halfway through the second quarter but 24 unanswered points by the Badgers put Wisconsin up 27–17 early in the fourth quarter. The Gophers would score a few minutes later to pull within three points but Wisconsin would answer on their ensuing drive and pull out a 34–24 come from behind victory. The victory gave Wisconsin the Big Ten West Division title and a spot in the Big Ten Championship Game against Ohio State.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, #22 Minnesota
On Melvin Gordon's first carry of the game, he broke a tie with Ron Dayne for the Big Ten Conference and team single season rushing record. Gordon finished the game with 151 yards rushing and 2,260 yards on the season. Gordon now ranks fourth in FBS history for single season rushing yards behind only Oklahoma State's Barry Sanders (2,628 in 1988), UCF's Kevin Smith (2,567 in 2007) and USC's Marcus Allen (2,342 in 1981). Gordon needs to rush for a total of 369 yards in the final two games to break Barry Sanders' single season FBS rushing record.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, Big Ten Conference Championship
Wisconsin lost the 2014 Big Ten Championship to Ohio State 59–0 at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana. It was the first time since 1997 that the Badgers were shutout and the worst loss since 1979 when Ohio State defeated the Badgers 59–0.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Regular season games, Outback Bowl
On December 7, it was announced that #19 Auburn and #18 Wisconsin would meet in the Outback Bowl. Auburn fired defensive coordinator Ellis Johnson prior to the game and it was announced that Charlie Harbison would be the interim defensive coordinator. Wisconsin's coach Gary Andersen left for Oregon State so the Badgers' athletic director Barry Alvarez coached the Badgers for the game. Prior to the game, the all-time series between the two schools was tied 1-1-1 and Wisconsin won the last meeting 28–14 in the 2006 Capital One Bowl.


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Team statistics, Passing
Note: G = Games played; COMP = Completions; ATT = Attempts; COMP % = Completion percentage; YDS = Passing yards; TD = Passing touchdowns; INT = Interceptions; EFF = Passing efficiency


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Team statistics, Rushing
Note: G = Games played; ATT = Attempts; YDS = Yards; AVG = Average yard per carry; LG = Longest run; TD = Rushing touchdowns


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Team statistics, Receiving
Note: G = Games played; REC = Receptions; YDS = Yards; AVG = Average yard per catch; LG = Longest catch; TD = Receiving touchdowns


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Team statistics, Kick and punt returning
Note: G = Games played; PR = Punt returns; PYDS = Punt return yards; PLG = Punt return long; KR = Kick returns; KYDS = Kick return yards; KLG = Kick return long; TD = Total return touchdowns


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Team statistics, Kicking
Note: G = Games played; FGM = Field goals made; FGA = Field goals attempted; LG = Field goal long; XPT = Extra points made; XPT ATT = XPT attempted; TP = Total points


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Team statistics, Punting
Note: G = Games played; P = Punts; YDS = Yards; AVG = Average per punt; LG = Punt long; In20 = Punts inside the 20; TB = Touchbacks


2014 Wisconsin Badgers football team, Team statistics, Defensive
Note: G = Games played; Solo = Solo tackles; Ast = Assisted tackles; Total = Total tackles; TFL-Yds = Tackles for loss-yards lost; Sack–Yds = Sack(s)–yards lost; INT = Interceptions; PDef = Passes defended ; FF = Forced fumbles; FR = Forced recoveries


2014 Wisconsin elections
The 2014 Wisconsin Fall General Election was held in the U.S. state of Wisconsin on November 4, 2014. Wisconsin's Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, and State Treasurer were all up for election, as well as Wisconsin's eight seats in the United States House of Representatives. The November general election in 2014 also featured a statewide referendum on an amendment to the Constitution of Wisconsin. The 2014 Wisconsin Fall Primary Election was held on August 12, 2014.


2014 Wisconsin elections
The Republican Party of Wisconsin held onto all statewide offices up for election in 2014, except for Secretary of State, where Democrat Doug La Follette won his tenth term. Republicans also retained control of the Wisconsin State Senate and Wisconsin State Assembly. The partisan breakdown of Wisconsin's delegation to the United States House of Representatives was unchanged, remaining five Republicans and three Democrats.


2014 Wisconsin elections
For nonpartisan local and judicial seats, the 2014 Wisconsin Spring General Election was held April 1, 2014. No Wisconsin Supreme Court seats were up in 2014, but three seats on the Wisconsin Court of Appeals and 41 Wisconsin Circuit Court seats were up. The 2014 Wisconsin Spring Primary Election was held on February 18.


2014 Wisconsin elections, Federal, Senate
Neither of Wisconsin's United States Senate seats were up for election in 2014.


2014 Wisconsin elections, Federal, House of Representatives
All 8 of Wisconsin's congressional districts will be up for election in November. All eight incumbent Representatives are running for reelection, save for District 6, where incumbent Tom Petri was retiring. Party composition remained unchanged after the general election.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Governor and Lieutenant Governor
Incumbent Republican Governor Scott Walker and Lieutenant Governor Rebecca Kleefisch, first elected in 2010, sought re-election to a second term after surviving a recall election in 2012.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Governor and Lieutenant Governor
The Democratic Party nominated business executive Mary Burke and state senator John Lehman for Governor and Lieutenant Governor, respectively. Burke was a member of the Madison school board and former Secretary of Wisconsin's Department of Commerce. Lehman was a state senator and former teacher from Racine, who had just won back his senate seat in a recall election.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Governor and Lieutenant Governor
Walker and Kleefisch won the November election with 52% of the vote.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Attorney General
Republican incumbent Attorney General J. B. Van Hollen, first elected in 2006, did not seek re-election to a third term. Waukesha County District Attorney Brad Schimel defeated Jefferson County District Attorney Susan Happ in the November general election.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Secretary of State
Democratic Incumbent Doug La Follette was re-elected to his tenth term as Secretary of State of Wisconsin, taking 50% of the vote in the November general election. La Follette defeated La Crosse Republican Julian Bradley. State Representative Garey Bies was defeated in the Republican primary.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Treasurer
Republican Incumbent State Treasurer Kurt W. Schuller, first elected in 2011, did not seek re-election to a second term. In the November general election, Republican Wisconsin legislative staffer Matt Adamczyk defeated Democrat Dave Sartori, a former Greenfield alderman.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Legislature, State Senate
17 of the Wisconsin State Senate's 33 seats were up for election in the November general election. Republicans added one seat to their majority, retaking the 21st senate district which had been lost in the 2012 recall elections.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Legislature, State Assembly
All 99 seats of the Wisconsin State Assembly were up for election in November. 21 Assembly incumbents (14 Republicans, 7 Democrats) did not seek re-election.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Judiciary, State Supreme Court
There were no Wisconsin Supreme Court seats up for election in 2014.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Judiciary, State Court of Appeals
Three seats on the Wisconsin Court of Appeals were up for election in 2014. None of the three elections was contested.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Judiciary, State Circuit Courts
Forty one of the state's 249 circuit court seats were up for election in 2014. Four of those elections were contested.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Constitutional Amendments, Transportation Fund
In the November election, Wisconsin voters overwhelmingly approved an amendment to the Constitution of Wisconsin to establish a dedicated transportation fund administered by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation. The amendment also specified that none of the money which flowed into the fund, collected by transportation fees or taxes, could be appropriated to any other program. Critics argued that purpose of the amendment was to create budget inflexibility that would force legislators to raid education funds to balance the budget.


2014 Wisconsin elections, State, Constitutional Amendments, Personhood Amendment
There was an attempt to amend the Constitution of Wisconsin to establish a right to life. This amendment did not ultimately make it onto the ballot in 2014, as it did not obtain a necessary vote in the 101st Wisconsin Legislature.


2014 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 2014 Wisconsin gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 2014, to determine the governor and lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It occurred concurrently with elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.


2014 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
Incumbent Republican Governor Scott Walker won re-election to a second term in office, defeating Democratic businesswoman and Madison school board member Mary Burke and two minor party candidates in the general election.


2014 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
Walker, who was elected in 2010, survived an attempted recall in 2012, the first governor in United States history to do so, defeating Democratic nominee Tom Barrett. Wisconsin voters have elected a governor from a different political party than the sitting president in 27 of the last 31 elections since 1932; only once has a Democratic candidate been elected governor in Wisconsin in the last 18 contests when a Democrat was in the White House. Eleven of the last twelve Wisconsin governors, dating back to Republican Vernon Wallace Thomson in the late 1950s, had, unlike Burke, previously won an election to state government, the exception being Republican Lee S. Dreyfus in 1978.


2014 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The polling leading up to the election was very close, with no candidate clearly in the lead. The consensus among The Cook Political Report, Governing, The Rothenberg Political Report, Daily Kos Elections, and others was that the contest was a tossup.


2014 Wofford Terriers football team
The 2014 Wofford Terriers football team represented Wofford College in the 2014 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by 27th-year head coach Mike Ayers and played their home games at Gibbs Stadium. They were a member of the Southern Conference. They finished the season 6–5, 4–3 in SoCon play to finish in fourth place.


2014 Woking Borough Council election
The 2014 Woking Borough Council election took place on 22 May 2014 to elect members of Woking Borough Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections.


2014 Wokingham Borough Council election
The 2014 Wokingham Borough Council election took place on Thursday 22 May 2014. That was the same day as other United Kingdom local elections in order to elect members of Wokingham Unitary Council in Berkshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed comfortably in overall control of the council.


2014 Wokingham Borough Council election, Background
A total of 79 candidates contested the 18 seats which were up for election. These included 18 Conservative, 18 Liberal Democrat, 14 Labour, 9 Green Party, 18 United Kingdom Independence Party and 1 independent candidates.


2014 Wokingham Borough Council election, Election result
The Conservatives retained control of the council. The Liberal Democrats held two out of the three seats they defended, retaining their seats in South Lake and Winnersh, but losing a seat in Bulmershe & Whitegates to Labour.


2014 Wokingham Borough Council election, Election result
There were a total of 38,275 votes cast, including 204 spoiled ballots.


2014 Wolverhampton City Council election
The 2014 Wolverhampton City Council election took place on 22 May 2014 to elect members of Wolverhampton City Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections.


2014 Women's Australian Country Championships
The 2014 Women's Australian Country Championships was a field hockey tournament held in Toowoomba, Queensland between 2–9 August 2014.


2014 Women's Australian Country Championships
QLD Country won the tournament by defeating the NSW Country 4–1 in the final. VIC Country won the bronze medal by defeating WA Country 2–1 in the third and fourth playoff.


2014 Women's Australian Country Championships, Teams
Unlike other National Australian Championships the Australian Country Championships only comprises teams from regional/country associations of each Australian State, as well as a team from the Australian Defence Force.


2014 Women's Australian Country Championships, Competition Format
The tournament is played in a round robin format, with each team facing each other once. Final placings after the pool matches determine playoffs.


2014 Women's Australian Country Championships, Competition Format
The fifth and sixth placed teams contest the fifth and sixth place match, while the top four placed teams contest the semi-finals, with the winners contesting the final, and the losers contesting the third and fourth place playoff.


2014 Women's Australian Hockey League
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Lachie23 (talk | contribs) at 11:29, 15 April 2020 (→Pool A). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


2014 Women's Australian Hockey League
The 2014 Women's Australian Hockey League was the 22nd edition of the women's field hockey tournament. The tournament was held in the Queensland city of Brisbane.


2014 Women's Australian Hockey League
The New South Wales Arrows won the gold medal for the ninth time by defeating the Queensland Scorchers 3–2 in the final.


2014 Women's Australian Hockey League, Competition Format
The tournament is divided into two pools, Pool A and Pool B, consisting of four teams in a round robin format. Teams then progress into either Pool C, the medal round, or Pool D, the classification round. Teams carry over points from their previous match ups, and contest teams they are yet to play.


2014 Women's Australian Hockey League, Competition Format
The top two teams in each of pools A and B then progress to Pool C. The top two teams in Pool C continue to contest the Final, while the bottom two teams of Pool C play in the Third and Fourth place match.


2014 Women's Australian Hockey League, Competition Format
The remaining bottom placing teams make up Pool D. The top two teams in Pool D play in the Fifth and Sixth place match, while the bottom two teams of Pool C play in the Seventh and Eighth place match.


2014 Women's Australian Hockey League, Statistics, Goalscorers
There were 94 goals scored in 24 matches, for an average of 3.92 goals per match.


2014 Women's Bandy World Championship
The Bandy World Championship for women 2014 is being contested between 6 bandy playing countries. The championship is played in Lappeenranta, Finland from 19 to 22 February.


2014 Women's Bandy World Championship
Russia won the tournament, defeating Sweden 5-3, in the final-game.


2014 Women's Bandy World Championship
England planned to participate, but was eventually not scheduled to appear.


2014 Women's Baseball World Cup
The 2014 Women's Baseball World Cup was an international baseball competition being held in Miyazaki, Japan from 1 September – 7 September 2014.


2014 Women's Baseball World Cup, Round 2
Results from Round 1 between teams from the same pool carry over


2014 Women's Basketball Invitational
The 2014 Women's Basketball Invitational (WBI) is a single-elimination tournament of 16 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I teams that did not participate in the 2014 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament or 2014 WNIT. The 2014 field of 16 was announced on Selection Monday 2014, March 17. All games are hosted by the higher seed throughout the tournament, unless the higher seed's arena is unavailable. The Championship game is hosted by the school with the higher end of the season RPI.


2014 Women's British Open
The 2014 Ricoh Women's British Open was played 10–13 July at the Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. It was the 38th Women's British Open, and the 14th as a major championship on the LPGA Tour. It was the sixth Women's British Open at Royal Birkdale, the most recent was four years earlier in 2010. ESPN and BBC Sport televised the event from Royal Birkdale.


2014 Women's British Open
Mo Martin won her first major, one shot ahead of runners-up Shanshan Feng and Suzann Pettersen. Martin led after 36 holes at 138 (−6) after consecutive rounds of 69, but fell three shots back with a 77 (+5) on Saturday, tied with six others for seventh place. An hour ahead of the final pair on a clear and breezy Sunday, she shot even par, capped by an eagle at the final hole.


2014 Women's British Open
Her second shot from the fairway on the par 5 nearly holed out for an albatross (double eagle); it rolled onto the green and struck the flagstick, stopping six feet (1.8 m) away. She sank the putt and waited for the others to finish, preparing for a potential playoff. It was Martin's first win on the LPGA Tour, and moved her from 99 to 26 in the women's world rankings.


2014 Women's British Open, Field
The field for the tournament was set at 144, and most earned exemptions based on past performance on the Ladies European Tour, the LPGA Tour, previous major championships, or with a high ranking in the Women's World Golf Rankings. The rest of the field earned entry by successfully competing in qualifying tournaments open to any female golfer, professional or amateur, with a low handicap.


2014 Women's British Open, Field
There were 16 exemption categories for the 2014 Women's British Open.


2014 Women's British Open, Course
Previous lengths of the course for the Women's British Open (since 2001):


2014 Women's British Open Squash Championship
The Women's Allam British Open 2014 is the women's edition of the 2014 British Open Squash Championships, which is a WSA World Series event Platinum (Prize money: $100 000). The event took place at the Sports Arena in Hull in England from 12 May to 18 May. Nicol David won her fifth British Open trophy, beating Laura Massaro in the final.


2014 Women's British Open Squash Championship, Prize money and ranking points
For 2014, the prize purse was $100,000. The prize money and points breakdown is as follows:


2014 Women's County Championship
The 2014 Women's County One-Day Championship was the 18th cricket Women's County Championship season. It ran from May to September and saw 33 county teams and teams representing Ireland, Scotland, Wales and the Netherlands compete in a series of divisions. Kent Women won the County Championship as winners of the top division, with Surrey finishing runners-up. The Championship was Kent's sixth title, and their third in four seasons.


2014 Women's County Championship, Competition format
Teams played matches within a series of divisions with the winners of the top division being crowned County Champions. Matches were played using a one day format with 50 overs per side.


2014 Women's County Championship, Competition format
The championship worked on a points system, the winner being the team with most average points of completed games in the first division. The points are awarded as follows:


2014 Women's County Championship, Competition format
Win: 10 points + bonus points. Tie:  5 points + bonus points. Loss : Bonus points. Abandoned or cancelled: Match not counted to average.


2014 Women's County Championship, Competition format
Bonus points are awarded for various batting and bowling milestones. The bonus points for each match are retained if the match is completed.


2014 Women's County Championship, Teams
The 2014 Championship was divided into four divisions: Divisions One to Three with nine teams apiece and Division Four with two groups of five.


2014 Women's County Championship, Promotion Play-offs
The teams finishing second in Divisions Two and Three played against the teams finishing second bottom in Divisions One and Two, respectively, for the chance of promotion. The winners of the two Division Four groups played off for promotion to Division Three.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Club Trophy
The 2014 Women's EuroHockey Club Trophy was the 38th edition of the women's Women's EuroHockey Club Trophy, Europe's secondary club field hockey tournament organized by the EHF. It was held from 6 to 9 June 2014 in Loughborough, England.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Club Trophy
Leicester won the tournament after defeating Izmaylovo 2–1 in the final. Loreto finished third, after defeating Complutense 3–2 in penalties after a 1–1 draw.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship
The 2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship was the seventeenth edition of the Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship, the biennial international women's indoor hockey championship of Europe organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held from 24 to 26 January 2018 in Prague, Czech Republic.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship
The Netherlands won the tournament for the first time after defeating Germany 3–0 in the final.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship
The two bottom ranked teams of the tournament were relegated to the 2016 EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship II.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship, Qualified teams
The following teams participated in the 2014 EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship, Results, Fifth to eighth place classification, Pool C
The points obtained in the preliminary round against the other team are taken over.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship, Statistics, Goalscorers
There were 129 goals scored in 20 matches, for an average of 6.45 goals per match.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship II
The 2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship - Division II was a lower division of EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship, that was played on January 24–26, 2014 in Šiauliai, Lithuania. The winner and runner up got promoted to 2016 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship, while the last place holder got relegated to 2016 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship - Division III.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship III
The 2014 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship - Division III was the lowest division of EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship, that was played on January 24–26, 2014 in Poreč, Croatia. The winner got promoted to 2016 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Nations Championship - Division II.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship
The 2014 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship was the 17th edition of the Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship, a field hockey tournament. It was held in Waterloo, Belgium between 20 and 26 July 2014.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship
The tournament served as a qualifier for the 2016 Women's Hockey Junior World Cup, held in Santiago, Chile in November and December 2016.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship
Netherlands won the tournament by defeating Germany 2–0 in the final. England won the bronze medal by defeating Spain 2–0 in the third-place playoff.


2014 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship, Participating Nations
Alongside the host nation, 7 teams competed in the tournament.


2014 Women's European Amateur Boxing Championships
The Women’s European Boxing Championships was hosted and organised by the Romania Boxing Association in Romania in 2014. The event was held in Bucharest in Romania from May 31–June 7.


2014 Women's European Amateur Boxing Championships
The tournament wias organised in association with the European Boxing Confederation (EUBC).


2014 Women's European Amateur Boxing Championships, Contestants
The organisers of the event expect to welcome women boxers, competing in 10 different weight classes.


2014 Women's European Individual Closed Championships
The 2014 Women's European Individual Closed Championships is the women's edition of the 2014 European Squash Individual Championships, which serves as the individual European championship for squash players. The event took place in Valenciennes in France from 4 to 7 June 2014. Camille Serme won her third European Individual Championships title, defeating Line Hansen in the final.


2014 Women's European Volleyball League
The 2014 Women's European Volleyball League was the sixth edition of the annual Women's European Volleyball League, which featured women's national volleyball teams from eight European countries.


2014 Women's European Volleyball League
Turkey defeated Germany 6–2 in the final, which was played over two legs, to capture their first title.


2014 Women's European Volleyball League, Format
This year saw no final four tournament. Instead the eight teams were split into two pools and played a round robin with playing three matchups at home and away, making a total of twelve games for each team. The top placed team of each group advanced to the final.


2014 Women's European Water Polo Championship
The 2014 Women's European Water Polo Championship was held from 16 to 26 July 2014 in Budapest, Hungary.


2014 Women's European Water Polo Championship
Spain won their first title by defeating the Netherlands 10-5 in the final. Hungary captured the bronze medal after a 10–9 win over Italy.


2014 Women's European Water Polo Championship, Qualification
There were eight teams in the 2014 championships. They qualified as follows:


2014 Women's European Water Polo Championship, Championships
The structure of the championships is that there were two groups of four teams followed by a knockout phase. The first teams in each group automatically qualified to compete for the semis, and the second & third teams played a crossed match to qualify for the semis too. The last teams in each group played a classification playoff for 7th–8th place.