2014 Eastern Province Kings season, International match
The Eastern Province Kings also hosted Wales in a warm-up match during their 2014 test series against South Africa.


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Currie Cup, Log
The final log of the round-robin stage of the 2014 Currie Cup Premier Division is:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Currie Cup, Player Statistics
The following table shows players statistics for the 2014 Currie Cup Premier Division season:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Southern Kings, Results
The Southern Kings lost their Super Rugby status at the end of the 2013 Super Rugby season, but lined up some friendly fixtures against other South African Super Rugby franchises prior to the 2014 Super Rugby season:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Under-21 Provincial Championship, Log
The final log of the round-robin stage of the 2014 Under-21 Provincial Championship Group B is:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Under-21 Provincial Championship, Log
The top four teams will qualify to the semi-finals, the play-off winner will qualify to the promotion/relegation play-offs. Points breakdown:* 4 points for a win* 2 points for a draw* 1 bonus point for a loss by seven points or less* 1 bonus point for scoring four or more tries in a match


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Under-21 Provincial Championship, Players
The Eastern Province Kings Under-21 squad for the 2014 Under-21 Provincial Championship:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Under-21 Provincial Championship, Player Statistics
The following table shows players statistics for the 2014 Under-21 Provincial Championship season:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Under-19 Provincial Championship, Log
The current log of the round-robin stage of the 2014 Under-19 Provincial Championship Group A is:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Under-19 Provincial Championship, Players
The Eastern Province Kings Under-19 squad for the 2014 Under-19 Provincial Championship:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Under-19 Provincial Championship, Player Statistics
The following table shows players statistics for the 2014 Under-19 Provincial Championship season:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Youth weeks
The Eastern Province Rugby Union announced their squads for the 2014 Under-18 Craven Week, the 2014 Under-18 Academy Week and the 2014 Under-16 Grant Khomo Week tournaments on 21 May 2014:


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Youth weeks, Under-18 Craven Week
The 2014 Under-18 Craven Week competition was held between 14 and 19 July 2014 in Middelburg. Eastern Province Rugby Union entered two sides – Eastern Province U18 and Eastern Province Country Districts U18. Eastern Province U18 became unofficial champions for the first time in 37 years as they won all three their matches and beat the SWD U18 team in the final match of the tournament.


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Youth weeks, Under-18 Academy Week
The 2014 Under-18 Academy Week competition was held between 7 and 10 July 2014 in Worcester. Eastern Province Rugby Union entered two sides – Eastern Province U18 and Eastern Province Country Districts U18.


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Youth weeks, Under-16 Grant Khomo Week
The 2014 Under-16 Grant Khomo Week competition was held between 7 and 10 July 2014 in Pretoria.


2014 Eastern Province Kings season, Youth weeks, Under-13 Craven Week
The 2014 Under-13 Craven Week competition was held between 30 June and 4 July 2014 in Durban.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive
The 2014 Eastern Syria offensive was an offensive launched by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL or IS) against government-held military installations in eastern Syria during the Syrian Civil War, after expelling the Syrian rebels from the region. The offensive is considered to be the largest military attack against the Syrian government launched by ISIL since its establishment. It is also considered to be a reaction to Syrian Army military operations against ISIL positions in eastern Syria.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Aleppo assaults
Late in the evening on 23 July, a 640-men strong Islamic State assault force (of which 40 were infiltrators) launched an attack on the Division 17 base, north of Raqqa, from three sides. The attack began with two suicide attacks. Both were thwarted by the defenders before they could reach their targets. However, the explosions did leave 19 soldiers dead. The next day, just hours after the attack on Division 17 started, ISIL launched an attack on the Regiment 121 base (known as the Melbiya Regiment), south of Al-Hasakah, and the Panorama checkpoint at the southern entrance to the city.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Aleppo assaults
According to some reports, militants breached the base and killed General Mozid Salama along with 20 of his men. A Syrian Army official denied this claim. At the same time, four infiltrators disguised as NDF members attacked the Ba'ath party building in Al-Hasakah, killing a high-ranking Ba'ath political leader. The four ISIL infiltrators eventually blew themselves up, killing a total of 12 persons.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Aleppo assaults
During the night of 25 July, a suicide car-bomb was detonated at the Panorama checkpoint, killing five soldiers. Meanwhile, clashes at the southern perimeter of Al-Hasakah city killed three YPG fighters, while 11 Syrian soldiers (including an officer) died while defending the Artillery Regiment 121 base. 17 ISIL fighters were also killed near the base.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Aleppo assaults
On 26 July, ISIL took control of Division 17 after government forces retreated, following two days of fighting. Hundreds of troops retreated from the base towards Brigade 93 and nearby villages. Three groups were pulled out, while one group stayed behind to cover the retreat. One of the retreating groups got ambushed by ISIL, but two other groups, numbering hundreds of soldiers, reached Brigade 93 that day. 300 other soldiers were still held up in the village of Al Rahyat. 50 soldiers from the ambushed group were captured and summarily executed.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Aleppo assaults
Overall, 85 soldiers were killed in the battle for Division 17. The fate of 200 others remained unknown, according to the Syrian Observatory For Human Rights (SOHR). Some of the executed Syrian soldiers were paraded in Raqqa, where the heads of soldiers were put on poles. 28 ISIL fighters were also killed during the takeover of Division 17.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Aleppo assaults
On the same day, ISIL forces penetrated the besieged Kwayres air base, east of Aleppo, and captured parts of the airport campus.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Aleppo assaults
In the evening, it was reported that ISIL managed to capture large parts of Artillery Regiment 121 base, and by the next day, according to SOHR, had fully taken control of the base. However, according to Kurdish sources, government troops recaptured the base after ISIL forces retreated under heavy artillery fire. It was also reported that YPG units seized weaponry from the SAA in Hasakah city, while YPG and pro-government fighters set up joint patrols in the southern parts of Al-Hasakah to prevent ISIL taking control of the city. According to the state news agency SANA, the military recaptured the Penitentiary center for teenagers, the Martyrs Cemetery and the al-Ahrash area on the southern outskirts of Hasakah.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Raqqa, Al-Hasakah, and Aleppo assaults
Meanwhile, dozens of government soldiers, fleeing from the captured Division 17, reached the Al-Thawrah air base, also known as Al-Tabqa. Also during this time, ISIL forces retreated from the Kwayres air base due to heavy shelling.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Syrian Army counterattack
On 31 July, ISIL fighters retreated from the Al Mashtal area towards Mafraq Sediq, 7 kilometers west of Al Hasakah city, because of potential shelling by government forces. Meanwhile, ISIL itself shelled Al Hasakah with mortars, leaving three people dead.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Syrian Army counterattack
On 1 August, the military counter-attacked and ISIL forces retreated from areas south-east of Al Hasakah city. Government troops captured the villages of Al Homor, Al Slaleyyi, Al Fallaha, Al Ma’ruf and Al Maqbara, eventually reaching the old junction of Al Shaddadi during the advance.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Further ISIL advances
After overnight clashes that started with a triple suicide bombing, on 7 August, ISIL forces captured large parts of the Brigade 93 base. The next day, ISIL was in full control of the base and started preparing to attack Al-Tabqa air base, the last government stronghold in Raqqa province. In the past, different rebel groups besieged the Al-Tabqa air base at different time periods. On 25 November 2013, they had shot down a government helicopter outside the base, killing all of its crew members.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Further ISIL advances
By this time, the number of confirmed soldiers killed at Division 17 was updated to 105, while another 140 soldiers remained missing. 108 of the missing soldiers arrived at the air base on 14 August.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Further ISIL advances
On 8 August, ISIS repelled a Kurdish and pro-government forces attempt to recapture the Geweran neighbourhood of Hasakah city through the Beiruti bridge.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Battle of Al-Tabqa airbase
Around 10 August 2014, ISIL started to continuously attack Al-Tabqa airbase.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Battle of Al-Tabqa airbase
After two weeks of fighting, and several repelled ISIL assaults, on 24 August, ISIL fighters breached Al-Tabqa and took control over large parts of the air base. This attack occurred when the Army was already retreating from the base to the Ithriya area, leaving a small garrison behind. The base was eventually captured that day.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Battle of Al-Tabqa airbase
In the final assault, Syrian 170 soldiers were killed, while since the start of the battle, 346 ISIL fighters and 195 Syrian soldiers had been killed. The number of dead soldiers was later updated to 200. Another 150 soldiers were reportedly captured, while 700 soldiers managed to retreat.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, The offensive, Mohasan and Baath Dam
On 28 August, Syrian fighter jets launched a precise attack on an ISIL HQ in the city of Muhasan, during a meeting between military leaders and sharia judges. The attack resulted in the death of most leaders inside (numbering six), while others were wounded. Another airstrike occurred the same day against an ISIL camp near Baath Dam, killing and wounding dozens of insurgents. According to SOHR, ISIL executed 160 Syrian soldiers between 27 and 28 August. At the beginning of October, 29 soldiers missing from the Brigade 93 base managed to reach the Army headquarters at Al-Hasakah city.


2014 Eastern Syria offensive, Aftermath
An ISIL training camp in eastern Syria was bombed by the Air Force on 14 September, resulting in 17 ISIL casualties. The next day, Special forces and Syrian Army engineers blew up the Political Bridge in Deir ez-Zor, killing all the militants who were on it. ISIL thus lost the only available land route to move into parts of the city it controlled. Further supplies had to be delivered by boats.


2014 Eastern Washington Eagles football team
The 2014 Eastern Washington Eagles football team represented Eastern Washington University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The team was coached by Beau Baldwin, who was in his seventh season with Eastern Washington. The Eagles played their home games at Roos Field in Cheney, Washington and were a member of the Big Sky Conference. They finished the season 11–3, 7–1 in Big Sky to become Big Sky Conference champions. They received the conference's automatic bid to the FCS Playoffs where they defeated fellow Big Sky member Montana in the second round before losing in the quarterfinals to Illinois State.


2014 Eastern Washington Eagles football team, Schedule
Despite also being a member of the Big Sky Conference, the game with Montana State on September 20 is considered a non conference game.


2014 Eastleigh Borough Council election
The 2014 Eastleigh Borough Council election took place on 22 May 2014 to elect 15 members of Eastleigh Borough Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections.


2014 East–West Shrine Game
The 2014 East–West Shrine Game, the 89th staging of the all-star college football exhibition game, was held on January 18, 2014, at 4:00 PM EST, and featured NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision players and a few select invitees from Canadian university football. The game featured more than 100 players from the 2013 college football season, and prospects for the 2014 Draft of the professional National Football League (NFL). In the week prior to the game, scouts from all 32 NFL teams attended. The game was held in St. Petersburg, Florida, at Tropicana Field, and benefits Shriners Hospitals for Children.


2014 Ecuador earthquake
On August 12, 2014 a magnitude 5.1 earthquake struck Ecuador 22 km (14 mi) west-southwest of Cayambe at a depth of 11.9 km (7.4 mi). The earthquake shook Ecuador's capital Quito 32 km (20 mi), causing large dust clouds and prompting the temporary shutdown of Quito's Mariscal Sucre International Airport. The earthquake killed at least 4 people including two men who were buried by a landslide in a local quarry. It also injured at least 8 others. Earthquakes are commonplace in Ecuador because of its position along the "Ring of Fire," an area of high seismic activity that encircles the Pacific Ocean.


2014 Edmonton Eskimos season
The 2014 Edmonton Eskimos season was the 57th season for the team in the Canadian Football League and their 66th overall. The Eskimos successfully improved upon their 4–14 record from 2013 after earning their fifth win in their sixth game. The Eskimos qualified for the playoffs and won the West Semi-Final over the Saskatchewan Roughriders, hosting their first playoff game since 2011. However, their season came to a close after they lost the West Final to the Calgary Stampeders, who defeated the Eskimos in all four meetings this season.


2014 Edmonton Eskimos season, Offseason, CFL Draft
The 2014 CFL Draft took place on May 13, 2014.


2014 Edmonton Rush season
The Edmonton Rush are a lacrosse team based in Edmonton playing in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The 2014 season is the 9th in franchise history. The Rush began the season with an NLL record 14 straight victories, clinching the western division title and the best record in the league before they lost their first game, a 10-8 decision to the Colorado Mammoth on April 11.


2014 Edmonton Rush season, Regular season, Current standings
x: Clinched playoff berth; c: Clinched playoff berth by crossing over to another division; y: Clinched division; z: Clinched best regular season record; GP: Games PlayedW: Wins; L: Losses; GB: Games back; PCT: Win percentage; Home: Record at Home; Road: Record on the Road; GF: Goals scored; GA: Goals allowedDifferential: Difference between goals scored and allowed; GF/GP: Average number of goals scored per game; GA/GP: Average number of goals allowed per game


2014 Edmonton Rush season, Transactions, Entry Draft
The 2013 NLL Entry Draft took place on September 16, 2013. The Rush made the following selections:


2014 Edmonton Rush season, Transactions, Entry Draft
#  Denotes player who never played in the NLL regular season or playoffs


2014 Egypt Cup Final
The 2014 Egypt Cup Final decided the winner of the 2014 Egypt Cup, the 81st season of Egypt's premier football cup. It was played on 19 July 2014 at the 30 June Stadium in Cairo


2014 Egypt Cup Final
In the final, Zamalek played Smouha. The winner would have earned a place in the Group Stage of the 2015 CAF Confederation Cup, but both teams were qualified for the Confederation Cup and Champions League via their league position.


2014 Egypt Cup Final
Zamalek were the defending champions, and it was their 36th final and the third in a row, It was Smouha's first final, Zamalek won the game 1–0, claiming the cup for the 23rd time.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Egypt on 14 and 15 January 2014 and with Egyptians abroad voting between 8 and 12 January. The new constitution was approved by 98.1% of voters. Turnout was 38.6%.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Background
President Mohamad Morsi was removed from power during the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état. The timetable established by interim president Adly Mansour envisioned a rapid transition, which initially entailed amending the suspended 2012 constitution.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Background
The process of amending the 2012 constitution began with a committee of 10 legal experts. The draft amendments by the committee of 10 made many notable changes to the text of the 2012 constitution. The committee of 10 completed their work on 20 August 2013.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Background
The second phase of the process included amendments by a committee of 50; those 50 people were announced on 1 September 2013. Amr Moussa was chosen as the chairman of the committee of 50 on 8 September 2013. The draft constitution was given to President Mansour on 3 December 2013.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Campaign, Supporters
The Dignity Party backed the constitution. The Free Egyptians Party supported it. The Socialist Popular Alliance Party as well as the Socialist Party of Egypt also supported the constitution. The Popular Current had said that it supported the constitution. The Nour Party said it would support the constitution. Tamarod started a campaign on 5 December 2013 in support of the constitution. The Egyptian Trade Union Federation called on its supporters to vote for the constitution. The National Salvation Front said that it would call for a yes vote on the constitution. The Egyptian Social Democratic Party voted for the constitution.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Campaign, Opponents
Khaled Ali, a former presidential candidate, was opposed to the constitution; he stated that it was "inappropriate" for Egypt. The Revolutionary Socialists also expressed their opposition to it. The Road of the Revolution Front announced on 8 January 2014 that it would vote against the constitution. The Freedom and Justice Party and the Islamic Bloc, which had won 65.3% of the vote in Egypt's parliamentary elections in 2011–2012, opposed the new Constitution and the referendum as being the fruits of an illegal military coup.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Campaign, Boycotts
The Anti-Coup Alliance, which includes the Muslim Brotherhood-linked Freedom and Justice Party, announced on 22 December 2013 that it would boycott the vote. The Strong Egypt Party and the April 6 Youth Movement also indicated that they would boycott the vote. The Strong Egypt Party was initially going to mobilize for a "no" vote, but changed their stance after members of the party were arrested for having posters which supported the "no" campaign.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Campaign, Boycotts
According to the official results, turnout was 38.9%. Turnout in the constitutional referendum of 2012 had been 32.9%.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Conduct
Tamarod, the European Union and 27,000 observers were expected to monitor the referendum; judges affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood were excluded from supervising polling stations.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Conduct
According to Human Rights Watch, 11 people were killed in the clashes on 14 January 2014. However, according to the Health ministry, 8 people died in the first day of voting and two people died in the second day of voting.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Conduct
In the weeks before the voting there were massive arrests of persons opposing the Constitution or the referendum.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Results
Voter participation was about 38.6 percent according to Egyptian government figures that were challenged by the Muslim Brotherhood, which had called of a boycott because the vote was taking place after a military coup. There were almost 20 million total votes in favor. The vote was held with support for a "yes" vote by the Egyptian government and state media as well as a crackdown on those against it.


2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, Results
For comparison, about 16.7 million voters participated in the vote approving the constitution drafted under Morsi. This represented a turnout of 32.9 percent despite a boycott of the vote by non-Islamist factions. Of those that participated in that election, 63.8 percent voted for the Morsi-backed constitution, or about 10.65 million "yes" votes.


2014 Egyptian presidential election
A presidential election in Egypt took place between 26 and 28 May 2014. There were only two candidates, former Egyptian defence minister Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and Egyptian Popular Current candidate Hamdeen Sabahi. El-Sisi won the election in a landslide victory, having received 97% of votes.


2014 Egyptian presidential election
Prior to announcing his candidacy in the election, el-Sisi, who as Defence Minister also served as Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Armed Forces, was responsible for officially announcing the removal of president Mohamed Morsi from office in the aftermath of the June 2013 Egyptian protests. After Morsi's removal, Sisi installed a temporary interim government, but remained Egypt's Minister of Defence and assumed the role of the country's First Deputy Prime Minister. On 26 March 2014, he officially retired from the military, and announced that he would run as a candidate in the 2014 presidential election. The election, held between 26 and 28 May and which included only one opponent, was boycotted by some political parties, as well as many Islamists, including the Muslim Brotherhood's Freedom & Justice Party, the Brotherhood itself having been previously declared a terrorist organization in December 2013.


2014 Egyptian presidential election
The elections, which were planned to take place for two days, were extended to a third day. Official figures showed that 25,578,233 people voted in the elections, and the election had a turnout of 47.5% (lower than the 2012 election's 52%), with el-Sisi winning with 23.78 million votes, 96.91%, ten million more votes than former president Mohamed Morsi (who garnered 13 million votes against his opponent in the close runoff of the 2012 election).


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Background
After the fall of longtime leader Hosni Mubarak, the Muslim Brotherhood went on to win in elections for the Shura Council and then the 2012 presidential election. Following economic hardship and instability, a large uprising against the Muslim Brotherhood regime of Morsi was followed by the overthrow of Morsi, the suspension of the 2012 constitution, the dissolution of the Shura Council, as well as a roadmap which outlined future elections which would follow the drafting and approval of a new constitution.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Background
As part of the roadmap which ensued followed the overthrow of Morsi, then-minister of defense Abdel Fattah el-Sisi declared that elections would be preceded by a constitutional referendum. Interim president Adly Mansour announced on 26 January 2014 that the presidential election would be held before the parliamentary election. A five-member commission was formed to monitor the election. The deadline for proposals regarding the elections law was 9 February. The presidential elections law was issued by the president on 8 March.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Background
On 24 March, an Egyptian court sentenced 529 Muslim Brotherhood members to death following an attack on a police station, and two days later, on 26 March Egypt's public prosecutor declared that another 919 Brotherhood members would be tried for murder and terrorism. On the same day, Sisi announced that he would stand as a candidate in the presidential election.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Background
Between the removal of Morsi and the 2014 presidential elections, it is reported that an estimated 20,000 activists and dissidents were arrested by the police under the interim government.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Regulations
Candidates were able to apply for nomination to the presidency between 31 March and 20 April 2014. The final list of candidates approved by the Supreme Election Committee was announced on 2 May. Candidates were allowed to spend a maximum of LE20 million for campaigning. The final results of the election were officially scheduled to be announced on 5 June; however, the official announcement of the results took place earlier, on 3 June.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Timetable
(or final result if winner receives more than 50% of the vote)


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Timetable
(if no candidate wins more than 50% in the first round)


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Candidates
Hamdeen Sabahi, a former presidential candidate in the 2012 presidential election, officially announced his presidential bid on 8 February 2014. However, the Sabahi campaign had criticized the presidential elections law promulgated by the interim government, deeming its characteristics troubling for the transparency and fairness of the election. The pro-Sabahi Revolution's Candidate campaign had also expressed reservations about the nature of the presidential elections law, suggesting that the provision establishing inviolability for the decisions of the Supreme Electoral Committee raises doubts about the integrity of the election process and could potentially force a reassessment of the Sabahi candidacy. On 14 March, Hamdeen Sabahi's presidential campaign announced that Sabahi had decided to continue his candidacy in the presidential election, despite the perceived unconstitutionality of the presidential elections law. Sabahi has taken the medical tests needed to run for presidential office. Sabahi acquired 31,555 endorsements.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Candidates
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi confirmed on 26 March that he will run for president, which also led to his simultaneous permanent retirement from the Armed Forces. Sisi submitted 188,930 endorsements (though 500,000 were collected) and was the first candidate to submit all required documentation.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Candidates
Sisi and Sabahi were announced as the official candidates by the Presidential Election Commission on 2 May 2014.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Other candidates and nominations
The New Wafd Party stated on 27 January 2014 that it would not nominate anyone for presidency. The Free Egyptians Party announced on 27 April 2014 that it would not nominate any members to presidential elections. Adly Mansour, stated in November 2013 that he would not run. Amr Moussa, who finished fifth in the 2012 presidential election, has stated that he would not run for the presidency. The Nour Party did not nominate anyone for the presidency. Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh, who finished fourth in the 2012 election, announced on 9 February 2014 that he would not run. On 13 March, Lieutenant General Sami Anan announced he will not run for president.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Other candidates and nominations
Khaled Ali, a labor lawyer and former presidential candidate, withdrew his candidacy on 16 March after the passage of the presidential elections law, describing the election as a "farce" while also urging el-Sisi not to run and the army to stay out of politics. Ahmed Shafiq, who finished second in the 2012 presidential election, losing to Mohamed Morsi, announced on 20 March that he would not run for president.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Other candidates and nominations
Murad Muwafi, who is the former director of Egyptian General Intelligence, announced on 30 March that he would not run for president. Lawyer Mortada Mansour announced on 6 April that he would run for president, though on 19 April, he announced his withdrawal from the election and endorsed el-Sisi. News presenter Bothaina Kamel announced on 12 April that she would run, but she could not collect the required endorsements.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Other candidates and nominations
A movement called Taharor had launched, in coordination with the Constitution Party and with 6 April movement, a nationwide campaign to collect 50,000 signatures in favor of Mohammed ElBaradei running for the presidency. Another campaign, called Authorize El Baradei, also started in order to gain endorsements to convince ElBaradei to run for the presidency. However, ElBaradei was ultimately not a presidential candidate.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sisi endorsements
A movement called Finish Your Favor claimed to have collected 26 million signatures asking el-Sisi to run for president. The Revolutionary Forces Bloc backed el-Sisi for president. Tamarod supported el-Sisi as did the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party and the Misr Balady front. The Moderate Front, which is a group made up of former jihadis, ex-members of the Muslim Brotherhood and ex-al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya members, supported el-Sisi.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sisi endorsements
The New Wafd Party announced their support for el-Sisi on 7 April. The Free Egyptians Party announced on 27 April 2014 that it would back el-Sisi. The Nour Party announced their support for el-Sisi on 3 May. The Tagammu Party and Conference Party announced on 4 May 2014 that they would back el-Sisi for president. Moussa has stated that el-Sisi is the most qualified candidate for the presidency. Ex-President Hosni Mubarak stated in a phone interview that Egyptians should back Sisi, though Mubarak's lawyer has disputed the idea that Mubarak has commented about Sisi's candidacy. In that same interview, Mubarak criticized Sabahi, saying that he is "not fit" to be president. Anwar Sadat and Saad el-Shazly's families also backed el-Sisi. The Egyptian Patriotic Movement announced on 13 May that it would support Sisi.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sabahi endorsements, opposition to Sisi's candidacy and Mona el-Beheiri
The Strong Egypt Party, headed by Aboul Fotouh, himself a former member of the Muslim Brotherhood, opposed el-Sisi's candidacy. Sabahi had criticized the possibility of having someone with a past military background become the next president, arguing that such an outcome would run counter to the goals of the Egyptian revolution. He also expressed doubt about Sisi's commitment to democracy, and argued that the retired Field Marshal bore a measure of direct and indirect responsibility for the human rights violations carried out during the period of the interim government. Sabahi denounced what he deemed to be the interim government's hostility toward the goals of the revolution.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sabahi endorsements, opposition to Sisi's candidacy and Mona el-Beheiri
The Road of the Revolution Front, the Constitution Party, both wings of the April 6 Movement and the Anti-Coup Alliance opposed Sisi's election bid. The 6 April movement opposed Sisi's candidacy on the grounds that it would further exacerbate polarization and division. Shortly after Sisi's announcement to run for the presidential elections, some social media users in Egypt and the Arab world responded to el-Sisi's presidential bid announcement with a highly critical viral hashtag ("vote for the pimp") that swept Twitter, Facebook, and other social media platforms.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sabahi endorsements, opposition to Sisi's candidacy and Mona el-Beheiri
The Revolutionary Socialists issued a statement delineating their position toward the election which criticized state institutions supporting Sisi, described Sisi as the "leader of the counter-revolution," and vowed to "expose el-Sisi's illusions and to destroy the idol which Mubarak's state is erecting as it rebuilds itself." Six political movements, including the Road of the Revolution Front, both wings of the 6 April movement, the Revolutionary Socialists, Hakemhom, and the Students Resistance movement had joined together to create an anti-Sisi campaign called "Against You."


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sabahi endorsements, opposition to Sisi's candidacy and Mona el-Beheiri
Two co-founders of Tamarod (Hassan Shahin and Mohamed Abel Aziz) were suspended from the organization after announcing their support for Hamdeen Sabahi in his presidential bid. Other leading Tamarod members, numbering around 50, issued a statement expressing support for Sabahi. The Revolution's Candidate campaign began to promote Sabahi following his confirmation that he will run in the election. The Popular Current officially supported Sabahi for president. The Constitution Party had announced its official support for Sabahi after polling its members over potential positions to take toward the election.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sabahi endorsements, opposition to Sisi's candidacy and Mona el-Beheiri
The Socialist Popular Alliance Party announced on 25 April 2014 that it would support Sabahi. The Dignity Party previously stated that it would support Sabahi. The Revolutionary Socialists announced on 27 April that they would support Sabahi. The Justice Party declared its support for Sabahi on 28 April. The Freedom Egypt Party announced its support for Sabahi.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sabahi endorsements, opposition to Sisi's candidacy and Mona el-Beheiri
The Kefaya Movement stated it would not back a candidate. After holding an internal vote over the question of what position to take toward the presidential election, the Egyptian Social Democratic Party decided not to officially back any candidate. The 6 April Democratic Front had declared that it would let members decide whether to support Sabahi or boycott the election.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sabahi endorsements, opposition to Sisi's candidacy and Mona el-Beheiri
There was some notoriety over a supporter of Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, an Egyptian woman named Mona el-Beheiri, having expressed her dissent in a street interview over U.S. President Barack Obama's approach to el-Sisi and Egypt in broken English, sporting a heavy Egyptian Arabic accent: "Listen your Obama. We are Egyptian women. You are listen Obama!? Shut up your mouse Obama! Shut up your mouse Obama!! SISI YES, SISI YES! MORSI NO, MORSI NO!" Following this short interview, Mona al-Beheiri became a well-known persona in Egypt and across the Arab world, and the video became popular, receiving some remixes.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Endorsements and opposition, Sabahi endorsements, opposition to Sisi's candidacy and Mona el-Beheiri
The incident was described as '"the Middle East's Joe the Plumber moment". The woman received interviews from numerous Arab news outlets, and appeared on vario7s talk shows. T-shirts with either her image or "Shut up your mouse, Obama" quote were being sold in stores and markets all over the Arab world. In addition, she was invited to the Arab Media Forum in Dubai, as an example of a social media phenomenon. Some took a very differing opinion and even consider the event and attention an embarrassment.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Conduct and controversies
The Socialist Popular Alliance Party and the Revolutionary Socialists opposed the use of state media to promote el-Sisi as a candidate. The Socialist Popular Alliance also demanded "fair, transparent, credible elections" and argued that allowing the election to turn into a referendum over a single candidate would mean the establishment of a totalitarian state.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Conduct and controversies
Ahmed Douma, an activist and member of the Popular Current who was at the time imprisoned for allegedly violating an anti-protest law, called on Hamdeen Sabahi to withdraw his candidacy until the protest law was annulled and prisoners whose incarceration is justified by this law or otherwise associated with its application were freed. Sabahi and his campaign issued complaints of state bias, assaults and arbitrary arrests against pro-Sabahi campaigners, and destruction of candidate endorsement documents. Sabahi also accused Sisi's campaign of bribing citizens to garner endorsements, as well as having orchestrated prepaid arrangements to acquire endorsements.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Conduct and controversies
The Presidential Elections Committee stated that Sabahi broke election rules by announcing his campaign prematurely and that it would investigate the matter. In response to actions undertaken by governmental authorities during the course of the voting process, Sabahi withdrew his campaign representatives from polling stations, and described the election as "a seemingly non-democratic process that lacks a minimum amount of freedom of expression." The Sabahi campaign denounced the arrests of many of its members throughout the course of the voting process.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Further boycotts
Ayman Nour and his Ghad El-Thawra Party announced its boycott on 9 February. The National Alliance to Support Legitimacy announced on 27 April 2014 that it would boycott the vote. The 6 April movement has announced that it would boycott the vote, describing the election as a "farce." The Strong Egypt Party re-affirmed that it would boycott the vote on 14 May.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Monitors
The Presidential Electoral Committee approved 80 domestic and 6 international civil society organizations to monitor the elections while rejecting 32 domestic and seven international CSOs. Among the international organizations were the European Union, the African Union, the League of Arab States, the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa and Organisation internationale de la FrancophonieThe European Union monitored the election, as did Democracy International, though Democracy International withdrew after the second day of voting-the vote had been scheduled to last two days, but was extended to three after an initially low turnout.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Monitors
They commented that the extension raised "questions" regarding "independence of the election commission, the impartiality of the government, and the integrity of Egypt's electoral process". The European Union remained observing until the culmination of the voting. The Carter Center also sent a "small expert mission" focussed on general legal and political issues.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Opinion polls
A September 2013 Zogby Research Services opinion poll found that 46% of Egyptians polled expressed "confidence" in Abdel-Fattah el-Sisi, while 52% were "not confident" in the then-general. The same poll showed 44% exhibiting "confidence" in former president Mohamed Morsi and 55% as being "not confident" about the former president. The Zogby poll reported 39% as "confident" in then-interim president Adly Mansour while 58% were "not confident" in him.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Opinion polls
A poll conducted by Baseera in February 2014 indicated that 51% of those polled would vote for el-Sisi, while 45% were undecided about whom to vote for and only 1% planned to cast their vote for Sabahi. 2,062 people were polled by the Egyptian Center for Public Opinion Research (Baseera) in all of the governorates of Egypt from 27 February 2014 to 4 March 2014 via mobile and landline calling. Another poll, also conducted by Baseera, indicated that 39% would vote for El-Sisi, while 59% were undecided and only 1% indicated that they would vote for Sabahi.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Opinion polls
The poll was conducted by contacting 2,034 people 18 and older who were contacted through land line and mobile phones throughout all of Egypt's governorates from 24 March until 26 March. Another poll taken from 28 April until 2 May indicated that 72% supported Sisi, while 2% support Sabahi. A poll by the Ibn Khaldun Center for Development Studies found that 84% of those who responded would support Sisi, while 16% would support Sabahi. Another poll by Baseera conducted from 10 to 11 May that polled 2,000 people found that 75% have said that they would vote for Sisi, 2% would vote for Sabahi and 15% were undecided. 87% of people who responded said that they would vote.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Opinion polls
Opinion polls in Egypt are, however, unreliable, having failed to predict the outcome of the 2012 presidential election.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Turnout
With the election looming, Sisi publicly called for record voter participation in an effort to boost the election's legitimacy. "Showing signs of panic," according to Reuters, the interim government declared the second day of voting, a Tuesday, to be a public holiday, and extended voting until 10:00PM. However, turnout was lower than expected, with lines outside polling stations short, and in some cases no voters visible at all. By the end of the day, the elections committee decided to extend voting to a third day, 28 May. The Justice Ministry declared that Egyptians who did not vote would be fined, and waived train fares to try to increase participation. Government-backed media also admonished the public for not voting, and one TV commentator called those not voting "traitors, traitors, traitors."


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Turnout
Turnout was very low in the city of Alexandria, in Morsi's home village northeast of Cairo, and in the industrial city of Helwan.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Turnout
While some attribute the low turnout to earlier calls by the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt to boycott the elections, others see it as a reflection of the popularity of Abdel Fattah el-Sisi.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Results, Expats
The Presidential Elections Committee announced on 21 May that the final tally of votes by Egyptians at polling stations abroad in the presidential election had el-Sisi win with 94.5% of the votes (296,628 votes out of 318,033).


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Results, Exit polls
An exit poll from the Egyptian Centre for Public Opinion Research, Baseera, the primary institute to have polled the election campaign, showed el-Sisi in the lead with 95.3%, and Sabahi with 4.7%.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Results, Unofficial results and reactions
Unofficial results that were reported in the news outlets showed that out of the Egyptian population eligible to vote of 54 million, only around half, 25.6 million voted. Of the 25.6 million, El-Sisi was voted for by 23.9 million, in comparison to Sabahi's 756,000, It was also reported that the number of votes Sabahi received was outnumbered by invalid votes (1.07 million). When the unofficial results were published, hundreds of El-Sisi supporters in Cairo celebrated.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Results, Unofficial results and reactions
A day after the election, Sabahi conceded defeat but said the official turnout figures were too high and were "an insult to the intelligence of Egyptians." The next day, he contested the results of the election, even before the official results were announced by the presidential election commission. The appeal was rejected by PEC the day after.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Results, Official results
The official publication date for the results was due to be 5 June, in memory of the Six-Day War's beginning, in which Egypt was at war with Israel. However, the results were released early on 3 June by Judge Anwar El-Assi. He announced the following final official results: 25,578,233 voted in the elections, a turnout of 47.5%, with el-Sisi winning with 23.78 million votes, 96.91%. Hamdeen Sabahi got 757,511 of the votes, 3.09%.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Reactions, Domestic
In conjunction with el-Sisi inauguration festivals held in Egypt's Supreme constitutional court, Heliopolis Palace and Quba palace, Tahrir Square was prepared for receiving millions of Egyptians to celebrate Sisi's winning while police and army troops shut down the square outlets by barbed wires and barricades, as well as electronic gates for detecting any explosives that could spoil the festivals.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Reactions, Domestic
Grand Imam of al-Azhar Ahmed el-Tayeb and the Pope Tawadros II sent a congratulation cable to el-Sisi. Egypt's top football clubs Al Ahly SC and Zamalek's board of directors also sent el-Sisi cables. The leading Egyptian journalist and author Mohamed Hassanein Heikal congratulated Sisi and expressed through his Twitter account his wishes for el-Sisi. The Egyptian Minister of Defense Sedki Sobhi in the name of the Egyptian Armed Forces congratulated el-Sisi.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Reactions, Domestic
Hamdeen Sabahi, who lost the election, called el-Sisi to congratulate him and wished him luck expressing his trust that he would succeed.


2014 Egyptian presidential election, Reactions, Domestic
President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, an hour after he was named the country's new leader, gave a television speech expressing his gratitude over the election results saying "My emotions are mixed with happiness and aspiration: my happiness for what you have achieved and my aspiration to be worthy of your trust,". Sisi also said that "now is the time for work", with the future goal being to realise the revolutions' goals of freedom, dignity, humanity and social justice. "I am looking forward to your efforts and determination in building the upcoming stage," he added.


2014 Eisenhower Trophy
The 2014 Eisenhower Trophy took place 10–13 September on the Iriyama and Oshitate courses at Karuizawa 72 Golf East in Karuizawa, Japan. It was the 29th World Amateur Team Championship for the Eisenhower Trophy and the second to be held in Japan. The tournament was a 72-hole stroke play team event with 67 three-man teams. The best two scores for each round counted towards the team total. Each team played two rounds on the two courses. The leading teams played on the Oshitate course on the third day and on the Iriyama course on the final day.


2014 Eisenhower Trophy
United States won their 15th Eisenhower Trophy, two strokes ahead of Canada, who took the silver medal. Spain took the bronze medal with Sweden fourth. Jon Rahm had the best 72-hole aggregate of 263.


2014 Eisenhower Trophy
The 2014 Espirito Santo Trophy was played on the same courses one week prior.


2014 Eisenhower Trophy, Teams
67 teams contested the event. Each team had three players with the exception of Ghana who were represented by only two players.


2014 Eisenhower Trophy, Teams
The following table lists the players on the leading teams.


2014 Eisenhower Trophy, Individual leaders
There was no official recognition for the lowest individual scores.


2014 Eketahuna earthquake
The 2014 Eketahuna earthquake struck at 3:52 pm on 20 January, centred 15 km east of Eketahuna on the south-east of New Zealand's North Island. It had a maximum perceived intensity of VII (severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale. Originally reported as magnitude 6.6 on the Richter Scale, the earthquake was later downgraded to a magnitude of 6.2. A total of 1112 aftershocks were recorded, ranging between magnitudes 2.0 and 4.9 on the Richter Scale.


2014 Eketahuna earthquake, Tectonic setting
New Zealand lies along the boundary between the Indo-Australian Plate and Pacific Plates. In the South Island most of the relative displacement between these plates is taken up along a single dextral (right lateral) strike-slip fault with a major reverse component, the Alpine Fault. In the North Island the displacement is mainly taken up along the Hikurangi Subduction Zone, although the remaining dextral strike-slip component of the relative plate motion is accommodated by the North Island Fault System (NIFS).


2014 Eketahuna earthquake, Tectonic setting
The focal mechanism of the earthquake, its depth and the distribution of aftershocks show that it was a result of oblique normal faulting within the upper part of the subducting Pacific Plate, with the rupture terminating upwards at the plate interface.


2014 Eketahuna earthquake, Damage
It was felt strongly down the country, from Auckland in the north to Dunedin in the south, and more than 9,000 reports were submitted by the public to GeoNet, the geological hazards monitoring network. The New Zealand Herald newspaper reported damage to walls and chimneys and road closures in the lower North Island.


2014 Eketahuna earthquake, Damage
The Earthquake Commission, (EQC) received 5,013 claims, 1,514 of them from Palmerston North. Minor to moderate damage was also reported in Eketahuna, Wellington, Masterton, Carterton, Kapiti Coast, Pahiatua, Levin and Otaki. Three 1920s-style buildings in Masterton were evacuated  after cracks appeared. One building needed to be demolished. According to The New Zealand Herald, two people were injured as a result of falls.


2014 Eketahuna earthquake, Damage
Hokowhitu Lagoon in Palmerston North is thought to have suffered water-bed damage leading to water leaking. Currently no fix is in place to solve this.


2014 Ekiti State gubernatorial election
The 2014 Ekiti State gubernatorial election occurred in Nigeria on June 21, 2014, the PDP nominee Ayo Fayose won election, defeating Kayode Fayemi of the APC.


2014 Ekiti State gubernatorial election
Ayo Fayose emerged PDP gubernatorial candidate after scoring 462 votes and defeating his closest rival, Caleb Olubolade, who received 7 votes, Dayo Adeyeye came third with 3 votes and Modupe Ogundipe had 1 vote. He picked Kolapo Olushola as his running mate. Kayode Fayemi was the APC candidate. 14 candidates contested in the election.


2014 Ekiti State gubernatorial election, Electoral system
The Governor of Ekiti State is elected using the plurality voting system.


2014 Ekiti State gubernatorial election, Primary election, PDP primary
The PDP primary election was held on March 22, 2014. Ayo Fayose won the primary election polling 462 votes against 3 other candidates. His closest rival, Caleb Olubolade, had 7 votes, Dayo Adeyeye came third with 3 votes and Modupe Ogundipe received 1 vote.


2014 Ekiti State gubernatorial election, Primary election, APC primary
The APC primary election was held on April 13, 2014. Kayode Fayemi won the primary election polling 192,767 votes against other candidates who participated.


2014 Ekiti State gubernatorial election, Results
A total number of 14 candidates registered with the Independent National Electoral Commission to contest in the election.


2014 Elgin County municipal elections
Elections were held in Elgin County, Ontario on October 27, 2014 in conjunction with municipal elections across the province.


2014 Elgin County municipal elections, Elgin County Council
Elgin County Council consists of the mayors of the constituent municipalities plus the deputy mayors of Central Elgin and Malahide.


2014 Elite Gym Massilia
The 2014 Elite Gym Massilia competition was a competition held in Marseille, France from November 14–16.


2014 Elite League speedway season
The 2014 Elite League speedway season was the 80th season of the top division of UK speedway and the took place between March and October 2014. The Poole Pirates were the defending champions after winning in 2013.


2014 Elite League speedway season, Summary
This season saw the first team line-up change since 2011, with the Leicester Lions replacing the Peterborough Panthers who dropped down a division. Ahead of the season the BSPA announced a new rule called the "Fast Track Scheme" which means every side has to use two British youngsters at reserve who have passed through the National League - the third tier of British speedway.


2014 Elite League speedway season, Summary
Poole Pirates won their second consecutive Elite League title, defeating Coventry Bees 90–71 in the Grand Final. Poole continued their success, their sixth league title in eleven years. Darcy Ward, Maciej Janowski, Przemysław Pawlicki and Josh Grajczonek all returned for Poole and they were backed up by Kyle Newman and Václav Milík Jr..


2014 Elite One
The 2014 Elite One is the 54th season of the Cameroon Top League.


2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs
The 2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs was the 41st time a spot in the Norwegian top flight was decided by play-off matches between top tier and second level clubs.


2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs
At the end of the 2014 season, Sogndal and  Sandnes Ulf were relegated directly to 2015 OBOS-ligaen, and was replaced by Sandefjord and Tromsø who were directly promoted.


2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs, Background
The play-offs between Eliteserien and 1. divisjon have been held every year since 1972 with exceptions in 1994 and 2011. They take place for the two divisions following the conclusion of the regular season and are contested by the fourteenth-placed club in Eliteserien and the four clubs finishing below the automatic promotion places in 1. divisjon. The fixtures are determined by final league position – the first to knockout-rounds begins with the four teams in the 1. divisjon: 3rd v 6th and 4th v 5th, and the winner then play each other to determine who meet the Eliteserien club in the final.


2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs, Qualified teams
Five teams entered a play-off for the last Eliteserien spot for the 2015 season. These were:


2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs, Qualified teams
The four 1. divisjon teams first played a single game knockout tournament, with the winner (Mjøndalen) advancing to a two-legged tie against the Eliteserien team (Brann) for the 16th and final spot in the 2015 Eliteserien season. Mjøndalen gained promotion to the top flight with a 4–1 win on aggregate against Brann.


2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs, Matches
The third to sixth-placed teams in 2014 1. divisjon took part in the promotion play-offs; these were single leg knockout matches, two semi-finals and a final. The winners of the second round, Mjøndalen, advanced to play the 14th placed team in Tippeligaen over two legs in the Eliteserien play-offs for a spot in the top-flight next season.


2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs, Matches, Final
The 14th-placed team, Brann, took part in a two-legged play-off against Mjøndalen, the winners of the 2014 First Division promotion play-offs, to decide who would play in the 2015 Tippeligaen.


2014 Eliteserien Promotion/Relegation play-offs, Matches, Final
Mjøndalen won 4–1 on aggregate and gained promotion to the 2015 Tippeligaen; Brann were relegated to the First Division.


2014 Elk River chemical spill
The Elk River chemical spill occurred on January 9, 2014 when crude 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol (MCHM) was released from a Freedom Industries facility into the Elk River, a tributary of the Kanawha River, in Charleston in the U.S. state of West Virginia.


2014 Elk River chemical spill
The chemical spill occurred upstream from the principal West Virginia American Water intake and treatment and distribution center. Following the spill, up to 300,000 residents within nine counties in the Charleston, West Virginia metropolitan area were without access to potable water. The areas affected were portions of  Boone, Clay, Jackson, Kanawha, Lincoln, Logan, Putnam, and Roane counties and the Culloden area of Cabell County.


2014 Elk River chemical spill
Crude MCHM is a chemical foam used to wash coal and remove impurities that contribute to pollution during combustion. The "do-not-use" advisory for drinking water from West Virginia American Water's system began to be gradually lifted by West Virginia state officials on January 13 based upon "priority zones."


2014 Elk River chemical spill
On Tuesday, January 14, the company revealed that the tank, which leaked about 7,500 gallons into the ground by the Elk River, had also contained a mixture of glycol ethers known as PPH, with a similar function as MCHM.


2014 Elk River chemical spill
The chemical spill was the third chemical accident to occur in the Kanawha River Valley within the last five years. On June 12, 2014 another spill of containment water occurred at the same site.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Freedom Industries
Freedom Industries was founded in 1992 by Melody, and Carl L. Kennedy II. On December 31, 2013, Freedom Industries merged with three other companies, Etowah River Terminal, Poca Blending, and Crete Technologies. Gary Southern became president of Freedom Industries on December 10, 2013 and remained president until April 2014 when Chemstream appointed a reorganization officer. The company distributed chemicals used in coal mining.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Freedom Industries
Freedom Industries' Charleston facility was located along the Elk River, approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) upstream from the river's confluence with the Kanawha River, Previously in use by Etowah River Terminal, the facility stored chemicals in 14 storage tanks with a capacity of 4 million gallons. The facility stored chemicals, but did not conduct coal cleaning. Eastman Chemical Company was the manufacturer of the crude MCHM.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Freedom Industries
Federal and West Virginia state regulators had not inspected the Freedom Industries chemical storage site in Charleston since 1991 when the facility was owned by Pennzoil, according to the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP). Under state law, the facility had been required to have only an industrial stormwater permit, which it possessed. Freedom Industries was required to test the rain runoff every quarter, and send the results to the DEP.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Freedom Industries
Under the federal Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, Freedom Industries filed its "Tier Two" form in February 2013, which contained detailed information about each chemical it was storing at its Charleston facility. Following its filing of the tier two form, West Virginia state emergency response officials and Kanawha County emergency planners and responders received copies. These entities received copies of the form under law so that its chemical inventory information could be utilized to prepare plans for possible accidents.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol (MCHM), or more appropriately 4-methylcyclohexylmethanol, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H10CH2OH. Classified as an alcohol, it exists as two isomers with similar properties. MCHM is a colorless oil with an odor of licorice.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
The amount of reliable information of this chemical is still unknown. Further data from Eastman's internal studies was released after the Elk River, West Virginia (2014) spill, including the studies upon which the LD-50 estimate was based and one 28-day study of oral toxicity of pure MCHM which concluded that 400 mg/kg doses were associated with erythropoietic, liver, and kidney effects, though these were not considered more than "minor toxicity" and the "no observed effect" level was considered to be 100 mg/kg/day. [ 43]


2014 Elk River chemical spill, 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
Crude MCHM is a chemical foaming agent utilized in the processing of coal at coal preparation plants to remove impurities that contribute to pollution during combustion. The chemical washes coal in a process known as "froth flotation," which involves the separation of sand-size particles of coal from the surrounding rock within a tank of water or other solution. MCHM is utilized in about 20 to 25 percent of coal preparation plants in West Virginia.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
MCHM is not used in the majority of West Virginia's coal preparation plants, because it is only used to produce coal for metallurgical purposes, a type of coal known as "coking coal"  and most West Virginia plants process coal that is to be used for the generation of electricity.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
Diesel fuel was originally used for the froth flotation process, but it was replaced by MCHM because of air emissions regulations.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
Glycol ethers are a group of solvents based on alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol commonly used in paints. These solvents typically have a higher boiling point, together with the favorable solvent properties of lower-molecular weight ethers and alcohols.46


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident
The spill began on Thursday, January 9, 2014 when up to 7,500 US gallons (28,000 litres; 6,200 imperial gallons) of crude MCHM leaked from a one-inch hole in the bottom of a stainless steel storage tank capable of holding 40,000 US gallons (150,000 litres; 33,000 imperial gallons) and its containment area at Freedom Industries' Charleston facility. The MCHM leaked from the containment area and into the ground, through which it traveled into the Elk River. The chemical spill occurred 1 mile (1.6 km) upstream from West Virginia American Water's raw water intake at its Kanawha Valley Water Treatment Plant. The Elk River measured approximately 7 feet (2.1 m) in depth at the time of the spill.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident
The spill was noticed around mid morning on January 9 by several Charleston area residents when they began to notice a "sweet smell"(like Licorice) in the air. DEP began receiving odor complaints from Charleston residents at 8:15 a.m. According to Freedom Industries, two employees noticed leakage from the tank into the containment area around 10:30 a.m. on January 9. According to the company's president, Gary Southern, workers began cleanup immediately by hauling away the remaining MCHM in the storage tank and vacuuming the spilled MCHM from the ground nearby.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident
However, the DEP, whose inspectors discovered the leak at 11:10 a.m. in response to residents' complaints about the odor, contradicted Southern's claim. When the department's inspectors arrived at the facility, they observed the MCHM leaking through a concrete block containment dike with no cleanup or containment measures underway. Inspectors found a 4-foot (1.2 m) wide stream of chemical liquid flowing across the floor of the containment dike and into the ground where the dike's wall joined with its floor.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident
According to DEP inspectors, they discovered a pool of clear liquid measuring approximately 400 square feet (37 m2) in size outside of the damaged white stainless steel tank, Number 396. DEP inspectors also stated that Freedom Industries' workers had set up one cinder block and a 50 pounds (23 kg) bag of safety absorbent powder to stop the flow of the stream of leaking chemical.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident
DEP air quality inspector Mike Kolb described the scene as "a Band-Aid approach" and stated further that it was "apparent that this was not an event that had just happened." The DEP and the Kanawha County Fire Department had been able to locate the origin of the leak by tracing the smell. At the time of the leak's discovery by the inspectors, the damaged storage tank contained about 30,000 US gallons (110,000 litres; 25,000 imperial gallons) of MCHM.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident
West Virginia American Water was aware of the chemical spill by noon, but assumed that they could filter it. By 4 p.m., when its carbon filtration system could no longer handle the large amount of contamination in the water and the chemical began flowing through the carbon filter, they decided to report the problem.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident
This they did at 5:09 p.m. West Virginia American Water concluded that its tap water was unsafe for use and instructed its customers to cease using its tap water at 5:45 p.m. Freedom Industries failed to contact West Virginia American Water following the spill, and West Virginia American Water was instead notified by the DEP.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident
Freedom Industries refused initial media inquiries following the spill. The company's president, Gary Southern gave a ten-minute news conference the next evening, January 10.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident, Local residents
Residents were advised not to drink, cook with, bathe, or wash with West Virginia American Water tap water; up to 300,000 residents were affected. The area affected spanned nine counties within the Charleston, West Virginia metropolitan area. The areas affected included Boone, Clay, Jackson, Kanawha, Lincoln, Logan, Putnam, and Roane counties and in the Culloden area of Cabell. The majority of Cabell County was unaffected as its public water system uses water from the Ohio River, and some residents in Saint Albans in Kanawha County, Lincoln County and Hurricane in Putnam county were not affected by the water ban as they were served by local public water systems.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident, Local residents
The West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources stated that 122 people had sought treatment by January 11 for symptoms including nausea and vomiting. Of those 122 people, four people had been admitted to the Charleston Area Medical Center and one at another area hospital for observation with symptoms of nausea. On January 12, the number of patients treated at hospitals for their symptoms from chemical exposure grew to about 169. By that evening of January 10, nearly 700 residents had contacted West Virginia's poison control center, reporting a range of symptoms including nausea and rashes. On January 13, the total number of residents who had been hospitalized had risen to 10, and by January 14, the total reached 14, although none were in were in serious condition.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident, Local residents
By 1 p.m. on January 10, the sweet-smelling odor was no longer detectable, according to West Virginia National Guard Adjutant, Major General James Hoyer. On January 11, the chief of DEP's Homeland Security and Emergency Response division, Mike Dorsey, stated that 7,500 US gallons (28,000 litres; 6,200 imperial gallons) of MCHM had spilled into the river, 2,500 US gallons (9,500 litres; 2,100 imperial gallons) more than had previously been estimated.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident, Local residents
The "do-not-use" advisory on drinking water from the West Virginia American Water system began to be lifted by West Virginia state officials on January 13, five days after it had been put into effect following the January 9 detection of the chemical spill. The lifting of the ban started with hospital facilities and extended zone by zone within the West Virginia American Water system. Following the gradual end to the "do-not-use" advisory, affected Charleston area residents were instructed to flush water from their pipes, hot water tanks, and the icemakers in their refrigerators. West Virginia American Water began lifting the "do-not-use" ban in downtown Charleston, and would begin phasing in use of the system's drinking water based upon "priority zones." By the evening of January 13, 15 percent of West Virginia American Water's customers were permitted to begin using the drinking water.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident, Local residents
On January 13, a Kanawha County Circuit Court judge issued a temporary restraining order to preserve evidence at the Freedom Industries' Charleston facility. The order also prohibited the company from modifying in any manner "any structure, tank, equipment, material or condition of" its facility, except as necessary to stop and clean up the chemical spill.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident, Local residents
On January 21, Freedom Industries notified West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection that a second chemical, polyglycol ethers (PPH), was in the leaking tank with the MCHM. The department said that the failure to report accurately the type of materials and the quantities is a violation of state law.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident, Local residents
A one-year incident timeline can be found published in the Supporting Information section of a 2014 research paper


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Incident, Local residents
A case study of the incident can be found published here . This report only includes information that was publicly available as of March 2016. This report does not include the findings and information released by the US Chemical Hazard and Safety Board, US National Toxicology Program, and other academic studies. Information disclosed as part of these studies indicated more than 100 mg/L of 4-MCHM was present in the Elk River, levels greater than 3.773 ppm 4-MCHM were present in the water treatment plant, among other information.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
On January 9, West Virginia Governor Earl Ray Tomblin declared a state of emergency, and activated the West Virginia National Guard. Governor Tomblin ordered residents within the spill's affected areas to "continue to refrain from using the water for drinking, cooking, cleaning, bathing and washing." United States President Barack Obama further declared the chemical spill a Federal state of emergency on January 9. Following the President's declaration, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) was directed to provide both assistance on the ground and federal funding for the state's emergency management efforts.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
FEMA and the West Virginia National Guard distributed bottled water to the nine affected counties. The West Virginia Bureau of Public Health and the West Virginia National Guard began working on a "long-term" plan to ensure the availability of water and food supplies for residents in the affected areas. The West Virginia National Guard also provided potable water in tankers. On January 10, FEMA had sent 75 trucks, each carrying about 4,900 US gallons (19,000 litres; 4,100 imperial gallons) of water.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
By the morning of January 11, the United States Department of Homeland Security had sent 16 tractor trailers of bottled water to 16 distribution centers around the Charleston metropolitan area. At a news conference on January 11, FEMA officials announced that they had already brought approximately 370,000 US gallons (1,400,000 litres; 310,000 imperial gallons) of potable water into affected areas. The unaffected city water departments in Milton and Hurricane and the Putnam Public Service District in Scott Depot provided their water for free to area residents, and attempted to minimize confusion, as their systems were not affected by the West Virginia American Water system's tap water ban.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
Booth Goodwin, United States Attorney for the United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia commenced a formal "investigation into the circumstances surrounding the release." Goodwin stated that a "negligent release of this kind could be a criminal violation." On January 10, Kanawha County Commission President Kent Carper announced plans to request that the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board investigate the incident. CSB officials were in the process of reviewing information about the spill and planned to make a decision to deploy to the Charleston area by January 11. On January 11, CSB officials announced they were to arrive in Charleston on January 13 to begin their investigation. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration also opened its own investigation of the incident.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
The Environmental Protection Agency had found no violations and had not taken enforcement actions against the Freedom Industries Charleston facility within the last five years. DEP did reveal that the facility had been the subject of a previous "odor complaint" "several years ago," although the complaint was determined by DEP to be unfounded.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
Following the spill, the DEP issued a violation notice on January 10 to Freedom Industries for releasing MCHM into the air and violating West Virginia's Air Pollution Control Act and the Water Pollution Control Act, and it subsequently ordered that its Charleston facility's 11 other tanks be emptied and the chemicals moved off site. By the night of January 9, the West Virginia National Guard began testing the contaminated water in the Elk River. The National Guard utilized its own lab, in addition to labs from DuPont and the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
The National Guard also requested two additional labs to expedite the water testing process. West Virginia American Water coordinated with DuPont and the United States Army Corps of Engineers to determine the contamination level within its system. A total of four labs were set up to continue testing the amount of the chemical remaining in the water.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
On January 12, Governor Tomblin stated that he was coordinating with DEP secretary, Randy Huffman, to draft recommendations for preventing future chemical leaks. Because MCHM was not considered a "hazardous" chemical, Freedom Industries' Charleston facility was not inspected by the DEP. Another West Virginia regulation requiring chemical companies to provide "immediate" notice of a spill leaves it to the DEP chief to determine what "immediate" notice is on a case by case basis. As of January 13, West Virginia state authorities continued their investigation as to which state laws Freedom Industries broke leading up to and following the MCHM spill.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
The tank that leaked showed signs that it may have been damaged by water that froze during unusually cold weather.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Government response
On January 9, 2015, Governor Tomblin released a report detailing the state's response to the Freedom Industries chemical leak. The report provides chronological detail of each state agency and commission's role in responding to the state of emergency and includes several questionnaires completed by state workers directly involved in the response.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Threat to human health
The chemical released was "crude MCHM," which was intended for use as a foaming/wash agent to aid in the processing of coal. Little is known about MCHM's potential effects on human health, nor about its effects on aquatic environments. While its manufacturer, Eastman Chemical Company, is required by law to produce a safety data sheet (SDS), much of the information in the data sheet is incomplete, according to a report by the Christian Science Monitor. Contaminated water smelled sweet, resembling licorice.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Threat to human health
According to the American Association of Poison Control Centers, if consumed the chemical may provoke the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headaches, diarrhea, reddened/burning skin and/or eyes, itching, and rashes. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists stated that MCHM caused headaches, eye and skin irritation, and difficulty breathing from prolonged exposures at high concentrations.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Threat to human health
Both health and company officials have stated the chemical consumption is not known to be fatal, even if consumed in its purest form. The chemical leaked was highly diluted due to the large amount of water involved; however, due to the potential health effects, authorities advised over 300,000 residents in surrounding communities to avoid utilizing the water for cooking, drinking, or bathing. Because shipment of MCHM is not regulated by the United States Department of Transportation, it was not being considered "hazardous" by emergency response and environmental protection officials.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Threat to human health
However, under the regulatory standards of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, MCHM is considered "hazardous." The chemical's manufacturer, Eastman Chemical Company, identified it as a "skin irritant that could be potentially harmful if ingested." The Eastman Chemical Company's material safety data sheet for crude MCHM identifies hazards, included skin and eye irritation, and at elevated temperatures, irritation of the eyes and of the respiratory tract.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Threat to human health
The median lethal dose of MCHM is 825 milligrams per kilogram of body mass, when tested in rats.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Environmental impact and cleanup
The president of West Virginia American Water stated that his company was not aware of a treatment to remove the chemical from its system. Because of this, West Virginia American Water began flushing miles of lines within its Charleston area water system, although as of January 11, there was no timetable as to when its system would be safe for area residents to use. West Virginia American Water's engineers began adding additional carbon and other chemicals to speed the treatment process and move the contaminated water out of its water distribution system.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Environmental impact and cleanup
Michael Dorsey, Chief of the DEP's Homeland Security and Emergency Response division stated that tests conducted on water samples taken on the night of January 9–10 showed the concentration of MCHM had decreased from 2 parts per million to 1.7 parts per million. That finding remained above the 1 part per million recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as "acceptable."


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Environmental impact and cleanup
The West Virginia National Guard continued to test the water every hour and its teams worked overnight between January 9 and 10 to perform tests and report results on both inflow and outflow samples of the Elk River's water. Each test took approximately 46 minutes. Tests conducted over the weekend of January 11–12 at four locations indicated a safe amount below 1 part per million of the chemical. Despite this, officials continued testing throughout the water system's distribution area into January 13 before ending the system-wide "no use" advisory.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Environmental impact and cleanup
The chemical's manufacturer, Eastman Chemical Company, maintains that when MCHM is diluted, the compound does not have adverse effects on the aquatic environment. No fish kills were reported following the spill and there was no apparent effect on aquatic life, according to West Virginia state officials. As of 2008, the Elk River serves as the sole remaining habitat for the diamond darter (Crystallaria cincotta). On July 26, 2013, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service formally designated the diamond darter as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. The potential risk of the chemical spill to the diamond darter has not been reported.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Resulting closures
As a result of West Virginia American Water's notice that the tap water was unsafe following the spill, Charleston area businesses closed and hospitals took emergency measures to conserve water. School systems within the affected eight counties were also closed. Charleston area residents hurried to nearby stores to stock up on available bottled and packaged water. The West Virginia Legislature, which had reconvened following its winter break, cancelled its business on January 9. On January 9, the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia in Charleston and the courts in Boone and Lincoln counties closed. West Virginia State University in Institute also cancelled its classes for the duration of the tap water outage.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Resulting closures
Because of the lack of potable water, Charleston cancelled a convention of mayors and city council members from around the state of West Virginia, which had been scheduled to begin on January 13.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Resulting closures, Litigation
As of January 10, the day following the chemical spill from Freedom Industries' Charleston facility, at least eight lawsuits had been filed against the chemical company. The lawsuits were filed on behalf of Charleston area businesses forced to close during the resulting state of emergency and on behalf of all West Virginia American Water customers. The plaintiffs have asked to be granted class action status and are seeking punitive damages and compensation for lost profits during the state of emergency. A further lawsuit was filed against Freedom Industries and West Virginia American Water on January 10 by a patient whose kidney transplant was cancelled due to the water outage.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Resulting closures, Litigation
By January 13, a Kanawha County judge had granted a temporary restraining order against Freedom Industries, and the number of lawsuits filed in the Kanawha County Circuit Court had risen to 19. On January 17, 2014, Freedom Industries filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, requiring a court–appointed trustee to run the company.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Resulting closures, Litigation
However, according to the Charleston Gazette, a company "whose characteristics are strikingly similar to Freedom Industries," Lexycon LLC, registered as a business with the West Virginia secretary of state about two months after Freedom Industries filed for bankruptcy. The company is registered at the same addresses and phone numbers as the former Freedom Industries, and is founded by a former Freedom executive.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Previous chemical accidents
Freedom Industries' release of crude MCHM into the Elk River was the third major chemical accident to occur in the Kanawha Valley in five years. In 2008, an explosion and fire occurred at a Bayer CropScience facility in Institute, killing two employees. In 2010, toxic gas was released at the DuPont facility in Belle.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Previous chemical accidents
Following these incidents, a team of expert officials from the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) conducted investigations and contacted West Virginia state authorities in 2011 to establish a program to prevent chemical accidents and releases throughout the Kanawha River valley, known as "Chemical Valley" for its history of chemical processing, production, and resulting pollution. The CSB recommended that the safety program be headed by Dr. Rahul Gupta, the executive director for the Kanawha-Charleston Health Department. The West Virginia Legislature and West Virginia state government did not execute the CSB's recommendations.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Outcome
On January 14, five days after the chemical spill, leaders in both the West Virginia House of Delegates and the West Virginia Senate began investigating the loopholes that allowed the Freedom Industries facility in Charleston not to report the incident earlier. Senator John Unger, chairman of the Joint Legislative Oversight Committee on State Water Resources, proposed amending the current State Water Resources Management Plan.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Outcome
At the request of Governor Tomblin, DEP Secretary Randy Huffman began examining new methods of regulating similar chemical facilities. DEP is also examining the establishment of an inventory of similar facilities across West Virginia.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Outcome
On February 10, the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, U.S. House of Representatives, held a field hearing in Charleston to investigate the circumstances behind, and the response to, the chemical spill.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Further independent sampling
On January 16, an independent unfunded engineering and science research team from the University of South Alabama drove more than 800 miles from Mobile, Alabama to help residents affected by the incident. The team was headed by Environmental Engineering Professors Dr. Andrew Whelton   and Kevin White, and also included graduate students Keven Kelley, Matt Connell, Jeff Gill, and Lakia McMillan. The initial focus of their effort was to determine the impact of flushing on chemical levels in household drinking water as well as understand the reaction of the contaminated water with various household plumbing materials.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Further independent sampling
When on the ground, the team found that many residents had not flushed their plumbing systems despite being given permission days before their arrival. Contaminated water remained in homeowner plumbing systems, leaving it to contact plumbing materials such as pipes, valves, gaskets, and joints. Homeowners they spoke with explained that they had refused to flush because of reports they heard from friends that odors caused by flushing could cause negative health impacts. Many homeowners stated no intention of flushing for the foreseeable future. In response, the research team modified the flushing protocol that was issued to homeowners and helped flush residences with these more health protective measures.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Further independent sampling
Dr. Whelton's team then issued new guidance to the affected homeowners on how to conduct a plumbing system flush.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Further independent sampling
On January 20, Dr. Whelton, his team, and the WV Clean Water Hub briefed the Governor Tomblin's Director of Communications about citizens not flushing after a press conference at the Capitol building. The number of residents that had not flushed their plumbing systems was unknown to the Governor's office.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Further independent sampling
Results of the unfunded research team's efforts have been reported by several news outlets, including CBS Evening News with Scott Pelley, local CBS affiliate WOWK, Charleston Daily Mail, West Virginia Water Crisis Blog, New York Times, Mobile Press-Register, local NBC Affiliate WMPI, and The Huffington Post. Their testing continues and focuses on the public health and plumbing system degradation issues associated with contaminated drinking water.


2014 Elk River chemical spill, Further independent sampling
On December 16, 2014, the research team's completed paper regarding the residential tap water contamination in West Virginia was published in Environmental Science & Technology. It identifies specific chemicals found in residential homes and quantifies the level of contamination experienced by affected residents.


2014 Elmbridge Borough Council election
Elections to Elmbridge Borough Council to elect one third of its council were held on 22 May 2014, the date of the 2014 United Kingdom local elections.


2014 Elmbridge Borough Council election, Results
One seat changed hands: a Conservative candidate won a Molesey Residents' Association councillor's seat. The Conservative group thus slightly extended their overall majority which was gained after three years of No Overall Control in the 2008 local election. That administration succeeded a Walton Society/Residents' Association coalition who therefore grouped themselves under the Independent header which governed the borough from 2002 until 2005. The Liberal Democrats who form the other group on the council held their two seats up for re-election in this electoral year. As with all parties other than the Conservatives they did not field a candidate in every ward.


2014 Elon Phoenix football team
The 2014 Elon Phoenix football team represented Elon University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by-first year head coach Rich Skrosky and played their home games at Rhodes Stadium. They were first-year members of the Colonial Athletic Association. They finished the season 1–11, 0–8 in CAA play to finish in last place.


2014 Emakumeen Euskal Bira
The 2014 Emakumeen Euskal Bira was the 27th edition of the Emakumeen Bira, a women's cycling stage race in Spain. It was held from 12 to 15 June 2014 and was raced over four stages. It was rated by the UCI as category 2.1 event. French rider Pauline Ferrand-Prévot won the overall classification, as well as two stages.


2014 Emilia-Romagna regional election
The Emilia-Romagna regional election of 2014 took place on 23 November 2014.


2014 Emilia-Romagna regional election
The three-term incumbent President of the Region, Vasco Errani of the centre-left Democratic Party resigned in July 2014 after the conviction for fraudulent misrepresentation, triggering a snap election.


2014 Emilia-Romagna regional election
In an election marked by the lowest turnout ever in the Region (37.7%), Stefano Bonaccini, a Democrat, was elected President by defeating several candidates, mainly Alan Fabbri of the Northern League (29.9%) and Giulia Gibertoni of the Five Star Movement (13.3%).


2014 Emilia-Romagna regional election, Electoral Law
The Legislative Assembly of Emilia-Romagna (Assemblea Legislativa dell'Emilia-Romagna) is composed of 50 members. 40 councillors are elected in provincial constituencies by proportional representation using the largest remainder method with a Droop quota and open lists, while 10 councillors (elected in bloc) come from a "regional list", including the President-elect. One seat is reserved for the candidate who comes second. If a coalition wins more than 50% of the total seats in the Council with PR, only 5 candidates from the regional list will be chosen and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 45. If the winning coalition receives less than 40% of votes special seats are added to the Council to ensure a large majority for the President's coalition.


2014 Emir of Qatar Cup
The 2014 Emir of Qatar Cup will be the 42nd edition of the cup tournament in men's football. It is played by the 1st and 2nd level divisions of the Qatari football league structure.


2014 Emir of Qatar Cup
The draw for the competition was on 8 April 2014. The competition features all teams from the 2013–14 Qatar Stars League and the top four sides from the Qatargas League. Four venues are to be used – Al Sadd Stadium, Al Arabi Stadium,  Qatar SC Stadium and Khalifa Stadium.


2014 Emir of Qatar Cup
The cup winner is guaranteed a place in the 2015 AFC Champions League.


2014 Emir of Qatar Cup, Round one
Four teams from the 2nd Division enter this round, the winners qualify for round two.


2014 Emirates Cup
The 2014 Emirates Cup was a pre-season football friendly tournament hosted by Arsenal at its home ground, the Emirates Stadium in London. It was the eighth Emirates Cup, an invitational competition inaugurated in 2007. Held on the weekend of 2–3 August 2014, the participants were Arsenal, Monaco, Valencia, and Benfica.


2014 Emirates Cup
The competition follows a point scoring system whereby each team plays two matches, with three points awarded for a win, one point for a draw and none for a loss. An additional point is awarded for every goal scored. Arsenal did not face Valencia, and Benfica did not play against Monaco. On the first day of the Emirates Cup, Yaya Sanogo scored four goals as Arsenal eased to a 5–1 victory over Benfica, while Valencia and Monaco played out a 2–2 draw. Arsenal's failure to earn a point against Monaco on the final day meant Valencia won the tournament having come from a goal down to beat Benfica by two clear goals.


2014 Emirates Cup, Background
The Emirates Cup began in July 2007 once Arsenal finalised plans to stage a pre-season competition at its home ground. Primeira Liga champions Benfica, La Liga club Valencia, and Ligue 1 side Monaco were confirmed as participants for the 2014 edition, alongside hosts Arsenal in May. It marked Valencia's second appearance in the tournament; the club acted as Hamburg's replacements in 2007.


2014 Emirates Cup, Background
Arsenal chief executive Ivan Gazidis said the tournament had "proved to be an overwhelming success" now in its seventh year and added in a statement, "Not only does the tournament offer supporters the first chance to see the team play at Emirates Stadium before the start of the new season, it will of course also provide a very competitive level of preparation for all the teams ahead of the 2014/2015 season."


2014 Emirates Cup, Summary
Valencia faced Monaco on the opening day of the 2014 Emirates Cup. Monaco coach Leonardo Jardim fielded an expensively assembled team, which included midfielders João Moutinho and Geoffrey Kondogbia, and striker Radamel Falcao all on the substitutes' bench. Valencia started well and created the game's first chance in the 8th minute – Rodrigo De Paul collected a pass from Antonio Barragán and his effort sailed over the crossbar. Sofiane Feghouli then forced goalkeeper Danijel Subašić into a save, before Anthony Martial created Monaco's first meaningful chance in the 23rd minute which was on target.


2014 Emirates Cup, Summary
Despite the Spanish side's domination, Monaco took the lead just on the half-hour mark. From Moutinho's corner, Rúben Vezo tried to divert Aymen Abdennour's connection to the ball, but inadvertently scored an own goal. Valencia got back into the game via another own goal; Barragán's cross was knocked into his own net by defender Ricardo Carvalho. The Spanish side grew in confidence as a result and controlled the midfield for a short period of time. They went ahead in the second half through Paco Alcácer's goal, but Lucas Ocampos equalised for Monaco in the 80th minute and the score stayed 2–2 at the final whistle.


2014 Emirates Cup, Summary
Arsenal played Benfica in the day's second match. Alexis Sánchez, who joined Arsenal from Barcelona in the summer was named in the squad, while new signing Calum Chambers started in defence. The hosts made a lively start and went ahead in the 26th minute; Yaya Sanogo with his back on goal managed to back-flick the ball past goalkeeper Artur Moraes. Sanogo and Héctor Bellerín linked up well to set Joel Campbell up to score Arsenal's second and before the half was over Sanogo added two more goals to complete a hat-trick.


2014 Emirates Cup, Summary
Arsenal made it 5–0 early in the second half as Sanogo profited from Artur's failure to hold onto the ball. Nicolás Gaitán scored Benfica's only goal of the match, but the hosts were rarely troubled after that. Arsenal manager Arsène Wenger said of his opponents after the game: "It is very difficult to draw any conclusions after a game like that. Benfica might be on a different level of preparation. But for important periods of the game we played the way we want to play."


2014 Emirates Cup, Summary
On the second day Valencia beat Benfica 3–1. The Spanish side went a goal behind in the second minute after Benfica forward Franco Jara ran down the right and crossed the ball in the penalty area for Derley to score. Though Valencia responded well by creating a few chances of their own, Benfica almost scored a second, but for Jara's 25 yards (23 m) strike hitting the crossbar in the 39th minute. As the match resumed in the second half, Valencia started well and equalised in the 49th minute thanks to José Luis Gayà. Four minutes later Pablo Piatti scored and Andrés Guardado made sure of Valencia's victory when he took advantage of Artur's inability to hold onto the ball.


2014 Emirates Cup, Summary
Arsenal went into the final day of the tournament as favourites to win the Emirates Cup. Against Monaco, they started Sánchez and Mathieu Debuchy, while Olivier Giroud came in for Sanogo – the notable changes from the win against Benfica. Monaco's Falcao headed in the only goal of the match, coming at a time when his team "became more urgent". Though Arsenal picked up the pace in the second half, aided by Wenger's substitutions and the decision to play Sánchez in a central forward position, they were unable to score. Valencia therefore won the tournament, finishing one point ahead of runners-up Arsenal.


2014 Emirates Cup, Standings
Each team played two matches, with three points awarded for a win, one point for a draw and a point for every goal scored. In addition, shots on target were taken into account and used to decide the competition winners if teams are level on points and goal difference.


2014 Emperor's Cup
The 94th Emperor's Cup (第94回天皇杯全日本サッカー選手権大会) was the regular edition of the annual Japanese national football cup tournament, which was held from 5 July 2014 to 13 December 2014


2014 Emperor's Cup
It was the first tournament since the 47th edition that the final match was not held on 1 January in the following year; it was moved to December due to the timing of the 2015 AFC Asian Cup in January 2015. It was also the first tournament since the 46th edition where the final match was not held at the National Stadium in Tokyo, due to major renovations that were scheduled in preparation for the 2020 Summer Olympics. Nissan Stadium in Yokohama was chosen as the venue for the 94th Final.


2014 Emperor's Cup
Normally, the winner would have qualified to the group stage of the 2015 AFC Champions League; however, Gamba Osaka had already qualified for this by virtue of being 2014 J.League Division 1 champions.


2014 Emperor's Cup, Participating clubs
88 clubs compete in the tournament. The 18 clubs from 2014 J.League Division 1 and 22 clubs from 2014 J.League Division 2 receive a bye to the second round of the tournament.


2014 Emperor's Cup, Participating clubs
Due to the establishment of J3 League, one seeded spot is given to A.C. Nagano Parceiro, the best amateur club participated in 2013 Emperor's Cup, along with the other 47 teams earned berths by winning their respective prefectural cup tournaments, which 10 clubs from 2014 J3 League (all clubs except Nagano and J.League Under-22 Team) and 14 clubs from 2014 Japan Football League have to go through to qualify, and enter from the first round.


2014 Emperor's Cup, Results, Final
This was the sixth final in the history of the Emperor's Cup involving at least one club from the second division.