2012 California Proposition 39, Background
The League of Conservative Voters has contributed $25,000 to the campaign, while the Western States Council of Sheet Metal Workers PAC has added $5,000.


2012 California Proposition 39, Background
Similar laws have been passed in New Jersey, Illinois, and Texas. New Jersey Republican Governor Chris Christie called closing the loophole an important part of the New Jersey comeback.


2012 California Proposition 39, Background, Assembly Bill 1500
John A. Pérez, a state representative from Los Angeles, introduced Assembly Bill 1500 in 2012. The legislation seeks to remove the three-factor method from the state tax code. As of August 31, 2012, AB 1500 had failed to gain the necessary support to move forward. The extra tax revenue generated by AB 1500 would have reduced tuition costs for state university students by up to two-thirds for families making less than $150,000 per year. A number of large out-of-state companies opposed the bill.


2012 California Proposition 39, The measure
Proposition 39 removes the ability for out-of-state corporations to choose how to calculate their California tax burden. If passed, all companies doing business in the state would use the single-sales factor method, which only uses sales to calculate income tax.


2012 California Proposition 39, The measure
Proposition 39 also contains instructions on how the extra tax revenue —approximately $1 billion each year—will be spent. For the first five years, half of the new tax revenue would be spent on clean energy projects. The other half would go to the state's general fund. After five years, all extra monies would go to the general fund.


2012 California Proposition 39, The measure
Supporters of the measure mention four companies in particular that have been particularly advantaged by the current law. These are Chrysler Group, General Motors, International Paper, and Kimberly-Clark. In September 2012, however, Procter & Gamble and Chrysler both announced they wouldn't oppose Proposition 39.


2012 California Proposition 39, The measure
In 2011, Genentech executive Andrea Jackson explained that her company located a new facility in Oregon to take advantage of the three-factor method. She said that California tax law encouraged the company to move facilities out of the state.


2012 California Proposition 39, The measure
A recent study by the independent research firm Beacon Economics claims that Proposition 39 could limit liability incentives for out-of-state businesses.


2012 California Proposition 39, Analysis, Positive effects
According to independent analyses, passage of Proposition 39 would add $1 billion to state revenue. It would also remove the advantage of building new facilities or hiring employees out-of-state. Supporters say that the measure would create up to 40,000 new jobs. Environmental and health groups claim that the extra money for clean energy projects would lead to safer schools and improved public health. The editorial board of The Sacramento Bee said that Proposition 39 represented “how direct democracy should work.”


2012 California Proposition 39, Analysis, Negative effects
Opponents of Proposition 39 argue that companies will do less business with California because of higher taxes. They claim that the some form of the three-factor method has been in the tax code since 1966. Others fear that the proposition will add more bureaucracy and complexity to an already bloated tax law. They also point to California's unfriendly business tax climate: The state ranks 48th, according to the Tax Foundation.


2012 California Proposition 39, Endorsements
As of September 2012, the Los Angeles Times, the Sacramento Bee, the San Jose Mercury News, the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce, California State Assembly Speaker John Perez, the California Labor Federation, California State Senate President pro Tem Darrell Steinberg, and former U.S. Secretary of State to Ronald Reagan, George Shultz, had endorsed the initiative.


2012 California Proposition 39, Endorsements
On September 26, 2012, the California Democratic Party Chairman, John Burton, announced his endorsement of Proposition 39. Other recent endorsements of the initiative include the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce, the American Lung Association, Latin Business Association, California Labor Federation, California Community College Trustees, and the California League of Conservation Voters.


2012 California Proposition 39, Endorsements
As of October 1, 2012, General Motors, International Paper, Kimberly Clark, Chrysler and Procter & Gamble will not oppose Proposition 39 any further.


2012 California Proposition 39, Endorsements
The Simi Valley Chamber of Commerce, Carpinteria Valley Chamber of Commerce, the Oxnard Chamber of Commerce, and the United Chambers of Commerce all oppose Proposition 39.


2012 California Proposition 39, Legislative Implementation
After Proposition 39's passage, the California Legislature enacted Senate Bill 73 (Committee on Budget and Fiscal Review, Chapter 29, Statutes of 2013) to direct the Proposition 39 funds in accordance with the measure. The Legislature directed most of the measure's revenues to school districts, community colleges, county offices of education, charter schools, and state special schools to undertake energy efficiency and clean energy projects. The Legislature directed a smaller portion of revenues to an energy conservation revolving loan fund, and energy-related workforce development for disadvantaged youth and veterans.


2012 California Proposition 39, Legislative Implementation
To implement the programs, the legislation designated the California Energy Commission as the lead agency to work in consultation with the California Department of Education, California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office, California Public Utilities Commission, California Workforce Development Board, the Division of the State Architect, the California Department of Industrial Relations, and the California Conservation Corps.


2012 California Proposition 39, Outcome
The California Clean Energy Jobs Act Citizens Oversight Board is the entity tasked with overseeing the implementation of Proposition 39. Many have criticized the implementation of Proposition 39 for its slow start, but the California Energy Commission claims the slowness is due to a variety of reasons, including the necessary legislative and regulatory processes to get the program running, and the lack of capacity at under resourced K-12 schools to apply for funding and implement projects.


2012 California Proposition 39, Outcome
Over the first three years of implementation, the measure has delivered $1.178 billion in revenue, which is less than the $1.5 billion the Legislative Analyst's Office had originally projected. In 2013, the Don Vial Center on the Green Economy projected that Proposition 39 would create an estimated 3,410 direct jobs and 7,843 indirect and induced jobs annually, but in 2015, the Associated Press estimated that only 1,700 jobs had been created in the first three years. The data regarding school energy consumption reductions are not yet available, but the school projects are on a publicly searchable database.


2012 California State Assembly election
The 2012 California State Assembly elections took place on November 6, 2012, with a primary election held on June 5, 2012. Voters in all 80 of California's state assembly districts voted for their representative. The Democrats gained three seats from the Republicans, winning 55 seats and securing a two-thirds supermajority in the chamber.


2012 California State Senate election
The 2012 California State Senate election was held on November 6, 2012, with the primary election on June 5, 2012. Voters in the 20 odd-numbered districts of the California State Senate voted for their representatives. Other elections were also held on November 6.


2012 California State Senate election, Overview
† The 4th district, which was not up for election in this cycle, was vacant due to the resignation of Republican Doug LaMalfa.


2012 California Vulcans football team
The 2012 California Vulcans football team represented California University of Pennsylvania in the 2012 NCAA Division II football season. They were led by first year head coach Mike Kellar and played their home games at Adamson Stadium. They were a member of the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference. They finished the season 8–3, 5–2 in PSAC West play to finish in a tie for third place along with Slippery Rock.


2012 California wildfires
The 2012 California wildfires were a series of 7,950 wildfires that burned across the state of California in 2012. The fires burned a total of 869,599 acres (3,519.14 km2), including the massive Rush Fire, which was the tenth-largest wildfire recorded in California in modern times.


2012 California wildfires, Fires
Below is a list of all fires that exceeded 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) during the 2012 fire season. The list is taken from CAL FIRE's list of large fires.


2012 Caloundra International
The 2012 Caloundra International was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Caloundra, Australia between 6 and 12 February 2012.


2012 Caloundra International, ATP entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2012 Caloundra International, Champions, Doubles
John Peers /  John-Patrick Smith def. John Paul Fruttero /  Raven Klaasen, 7–6(7–5), 6–4


2012 Caloundra International – Doubles
Matthew Ebden and Samuel Groth were the defending champions but Ebden decided not to participate. Groth partners up with Adam Feeney, but lost in the first round to John Peers and John-Patrick Smith. Peers and Smith then went on to win the title, defeating John Paul Fruttero and Raven Klaasen in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–4.


2012 Caloundra International – Singles
Grega Žemlja was the defending champion but decided not to participate.


2012 Caloundra International – Singles
Marinko Matosevic won the title, defeating Greg Jones in the final, 6–0, 6–2.


2012 Cambodian League
2012 Cambodian League is the 28th season of the Cambodian League. A total of 10 teams are competing in the league.


2012 Cambodian League
The regular season was played from March 3 to August 8, 2012 and featured playoffs at the end of the season to determine the league champions, just like in the 2009 and 2010 campaigns to add more excitement to the league. Boeung Ket Rubber Field was the league champion, defeating regular-season winner Nagacorp in he Final Playoffs match.


2012 Cambodian Senate election
Senate elections were held in Cambodia were held on 29 January 2012, with all 57 seats in the Senate being contested. The result was a victory for the ruling Cambodian People's Party, which won 46 of the 57 seats. The Sam Rainsy Party gain a net of eleven seats, ending with a total of 11 seats. The royalist FUNCINPEC lost all of its nine seats.


2012 Cambodian communal elections
Local elections were held in Cambodia on 3 June 2012.


2012 Cambridge City Council election
Elections for Cambridge City Council (in Cambridge, England) were held on Thursday 3 May 2012. One third of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats lost overall control of the council, to No Overall Control.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Election result
This result has the following consequences for the total number of seats on the Council after the elections:


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Election result
The Liberal Democrats retained control of the Council, with the casting vote of the Mayor, though they lost a majority. The overall turnout was 32.2%,


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results
Note: in results where, in previous elections, two seats were up for election the party share of the vote is based on an average for those candidates who stood for that particular party in the election.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results
Unless stated otherwise, changes in party vote is in comparison with the 2011 Cambridge City Council election results.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Abbey ward
Councillor Margaret Wright retired her Abbey seat. William Birkin was aiming to retain the vacated seat for the Greens.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Arbury ward
Councillor Mike Todd-Jones was defending his Arbury seat for the Labour and Co-operative Party.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Castle ward
Councillor John Hipkin was defending his Castle seat as an independent candidate. Changes in vote is in comparison to 2008, when John Hipkin's seat was last contested.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Cherry Hinton ward
Councillor Robert Dryden was defending his Cherry Hinton seat for Labour.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Coleridge ward
Councillor George Owers was defending his Coleridge seat for Labour, having gained it in a 2010 by-election.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, East Chesterton ward
Councillor Roman Znajek retired his East Chesterton seat. Tony Morris was aiming to retain the vacated seat for the Liberal Democrats.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, King's Hedges ward
Councillor Neil McGovern was defending his King's Hedges seat for the Liberal Democrats.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Market ward
Councillor Tim Bick was defending his Market seat for the Liberal Democrats.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Newnham ward
Councillor Sian Reid was defending her Newnham seat for the Liberal Democrats.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Petersfield ward
Councillor Gail Marchant-Daisley was defending her Petersfield seat for Labour.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Queen Edith's ward
Councillor Amanda Taylor was defending her Queen Edith's seat for the Liberal Democrats.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Romsey ward
Councillor Catherine Smart was defending her Romsey seat for the Liberal Democrats.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, Trumpington ward
Councillor Salah Al Bander was defending his Trumpington seat for the Liberal Democrats.


2012 Cambridge City Council election, Ward results, West Chesterton ward
Councillor Ian Nimmo-Smith retired his West Chesterton seat. Mike Pitt was aiming to retain the vacated seat for the Liberal Democrats.


2012 Campbell Fighting Camels football team
The 2012 Campbell Fighting Camels football team represented Campbell University in the 2012 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by fifth-year head coach Dale Steele and played their home games at Barker–Lane Stadium. They are a member of the Pioneer Football League. On November 5, Campbell announced that Steele had been fired. He remained as the team's head coach for their final two games. They finished the season 1–10, 0–8 in PFL play, to finish in last place.


2012 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships
The 2012 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships (also known as the Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 37th edition of the Hall of Fame Tennis Championships, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, United States, from July 9 through July 15, 2012. John Isner won the singles title.


2012 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships, Finals, Doubles
Santiago González /  Scott Lipsky defeated  Colin Fleming /  Ross Hutchins, 7–6(7–3), 6–3


2012 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2012 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships, Doubles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:


2012 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships – Doubles
Matthew Ebden and Ryan Harrison were the defending champions but Harrison decided not to participate. Ebden played alongside James Cerretani but lost in the first round.


2012 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships – Singles
John Isner successfully defended his title by beating Lleyton Hewitt 7–6(7–1), 6–4 in the final.


2012 Campeonato Acreano
The 2012 Campeonato Acreano was the 66th season of the Campeonato Acreano, the top professional football league of the state of Acre. Rio Branco were champions for the 28th time.


2012 Campeonato Acreano, Final stage
Rio Branco and Atlético qualified for 2013 Copa do Brasil


2012 Campeonato Alagoano
The 2012 Campeonato Alagoano de Futebol was the 82nd season of Alagoas's top professional football league. The competition began on January 14 and ended on May 12. CRB won the championship for the 26th time, while Associação Atlética Coruripe and Penedense were relegated.


2012 Campeonato Alagoano, Format
The tournament consists of a double round-robin format, in which all twelve teams play each other twice, with classification split in two stages. Each round counts as one stage. The four better-placed teams of each stage will face themselves in playoffs matches, and the first stage champion will face the second stage champion. If the same team win both stages, it will be considered the champion.


2012 Campeonato Alagoano, Format
The bottom two teams on overall classification will be relegated.


2012 Campeonato Amapaense
The 2012 Campeonato Amapaense de Futebol was the 67th season of Amapá's top professional football league. The competition began on April 22 and ended on a decision made by the Tribunal de Justiça Desportiva do Amapá. Oratório was crowned champion.


2012 Campeonato Amapaense, Format
On the first stage, the eight teams play each other in a round-robin. The two best placed teams play the first stage final, and the six best teams advance to the second stage.


2012 Campeonato Amapaense, Format
On the second stage, the six teams play each other in a round-robin again. The two best placed teams play the second stage final.


2012 Campeonato Amapaense, Format
On the final stage, each stage winner faces each other. If the same team wins both stages, it is crowned champion.


2012 Campeonato Amazonense
The 2012 Campeonato Amazonense de Futebol was the 96th season of the top professional football league in Amazonas, Brazil. The competition began on January 28 and ended on May 26. Nacional won the championship for the 41st time, while CDC Manicoré and Operário were relegated.


2012 Campeonato Amazonense, Format
The tournament consists of a double round-robin format, in which all twelve teams play each other twice, with classification split in two stages. Each round counts as one stage. The four better-placed teams of each stage will face themselves in playoffs matches, and the first stage champion will face the second stage champion. If the same team win both stages, it will be considered the champion.


2012 Campeonato Amazonense, Format
The bottom two teams on overall classification will be relegated.


2012 Campeonato Amazonense, Format, Qualifications
The champion qualifies to 2013 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D. The two stage winner qualifies to the 2013 Copa do Brasil.


2012 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby
The 2012 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby was the 66th version of the annual rugby competition held in Argentina in 2012. It was played between 3 March and 28 April of that year. The winner was Cordobesa, who defeated Rosario in the final game.


2012 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby
The Campeonato Argentino consisted of 28 teams, divided into three divisions, "Campeonato", "Ascenso" and "Estimulo", based on the records of the individual teams. For the first time since 1950, national teams from outside Argentina were admitted into the competition, with teams from Uruguay and Chile being admitted to the Campeonato division, and Brasil and Paraguay admitted to the Estimulo division.


2012 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby, "Campeonato", Preliminary
The preliminary round consisted of ten teams divided in two pools of five teams each. The top three of each pool made it to the final pool. The final six teams then played in a round robin tournament, from which the top two teams played for the championship.


2012 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby, Second Division:  Zona Ascenso
Eight teams divided in two pools. The two teams which finished top in their pool play in the semifinal, where the top team from Pool 3 plays the second team from Pool 4, and the top team from Pool 4 plays the second team from Pool 3. The winners of those two games are then put into a pool with the two teams which finished last in the Campeonato division.


2012 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby, Second Division:  Zona Ascenso
The two teams which finish first in that final pool will be in the Campeonato division the next year, while the two teams which finish last in that pool will be relegated to the Ascenso Division. Finally, the team which finishes last in Pool 4 plays the team which finishes last in Pool 3, with the loser being demoted the following year to Estimulo division.


2012 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby, Torneo "Estimulo"
"URBA Desarollo" (a development team from Buenos Aires replaced Brazil. Ten teams total, split into two pools of five teams each. The top team from each pool play each other, with the winner moving up into the Ascenco Division the following year.


2012 Campeonato Baiano
The 2012 Campeonato Baiano de Futebol was the 108th season of Bahia's top professional football league. The competition began on January 18 and ended on May 13. Bahia won the championship for the 44th time, while Camaçari and Itabuna were relegated.


2012 Campeonato Baiano, Format
The championship has three stages. First stage, semifinals and finals. At first stage, the 12 teams play a double round-robin. The four best teams advance to the semifinals.


2012 Campeonato Baiano, Format
The champion and runner-up qualifies for the 2013 Copa do Brasil. The two worst teams are relegated. The best team that is not playing any Campeonato Brasileiro qualifies for the 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D.


2012 Campeonato Baiano, Final stage, Semifinals, Second leg
3–3 on aggregate. Vitória won on better first stage record


2012 Campeonato Baiano, Final stage, Semifinals, Second leg
1–1 on aggregate. Bahia won on better first stage record


2012 Campeonato Baiano, Final stage, Finals, Second leg
3–3 on aggregate. Bahia won on better first stage record.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
The 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (known as the Brasileirão Petrobras 2012 for sponsorship reasons) was the 56th edition of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, the top-level of professional football in Brazil. Corinthians come in as the defending champions having won the title in the 2011 season. On 11 November 2012, Fluminense won the title for the fourth time.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, Format
For the tenth consecutive season, the tournament will be played in a double round-robin system. The team with most points at the end of the season will be declared champion. The bottom four teams will be relegated and will play in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B in the 2013 season.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, Format, International qualification
The Série A will serve as a qualifier to CONMEBOL's 2013 Copa Libertadores. The top-two teams in the standings will qualify to the Second Stage of the competition, while the third and fourth places in the standings will qualify to the First Stage.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
In 2012, the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, the second level of the Brazilian League, was contested by 20 clubs from May 19 until November 24, 2012. The top four teams in the table have qualified to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A to be contested in 2013, meanwhile the bottom four were relegated to Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. It's considered the sixth best "second division" of the world.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C
The 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C, the third level of the Brazilian League, would be contested by 20 clubs from May 27 until November 4, 2012. Top four teams in the table will qualify to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B to be contested in 2013, meanwhile the bottom four will be relegated to Campeonato Brasileiro Série D.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C
Due to legal issues, the STJD suspended the Série C and Série D until the issues were settled. After 32 days, the CBF confirmed that the Série C started at June 30 and ended on December 1.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C, Rule changes
Unlike previous years, in 2012 participating clubs will be divided in two groups of 10, instead of the four groups of five clubs, the system adopted by 2011. Thus, all teams will be involved in the tournament until the end of the year. The amendment will allow all clubs in the competition to play at least 18 games in the tournament. The top of each group will advance to the knockout stage for the decisive stages of the quarterfinals, semifinals and final. The semifinalists will be promoted to the Series B 2013.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D
In 2012, the Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, the fourth division of the Brazilian League, was contested for the fourth time. Forty clubs competed, four of which eventually qualified for the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C to be contested in 2013.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, Competition format
The 40 teams were divided in eight groups of 5, playing in a double round-robin format. The two best ranked in each group at the end of 10 rounds qualified for the second stage, which was played in home-and-away system. Winners advanced to the third stage. These quarterfinal winners were promoted to the Série C 2013. According to the playoff structure, one team from each "mini-tournament" was promoted.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, Participating teams
Rio Grande do Sul: Cerâmica replaced Veranópolis Esporte Clube, Novo Hamburgo, São José (PA), Pelotas and Lajeadense.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, Participating teams
Santa Catarina:Concórdia replaced Brusque and Metropolitano. Concórdia qualified as last placed team.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, Participating teams
All Tocantins-based teams withdrew. Since Tocantins was  already allocated a berth in Group 5 the berth passed on to Goias. No Goias-based team wanted the berth so it passed on to the Federal District.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro de GT season
The 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro de GT season (Brazilian GT Championship) was the sixth season of Campeonato Brasileiro de GT, the first with this name. The season began on April 21 at Santa Cruz do Sul and ended on December 15 at the Interlagos after eight weekends totalling sixteen races.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro de GT season
Cleber Faria and Duda Rosa won the championship in GT3 class, Carlos Kray and Anderom Toso won in GT Premium, the GT4 championship was winner by Sergio Laganá and Alan Hellmeister.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro de GT season, Class restructure
For the 2012 season, Campeonato Brasileiro de GT will contain three key classes. The GT3 class allows FIA homologated GT3 cars, such as the Ferrari 458 Italia. New to 2012 season is the introduction of the  GT Premium class caters for older, such as the Dodge Viper Competition Coupe or Lamborghini Gallardo LP520. The pairs that have some driver with graduation A, no scored points in the class.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro de GT season, Class restructure
The GT4 class is a merger of Supersport-spec cars and GT4 homologated cars, such as the Ginetta G50 and cars currently used in the Maserati Trofeo and Ferrari Challenge series, based on the Maserati Coupé and Ferrari F430 road cars.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro de GT season, Entries
For the 2012 season, the new BMW Team Brasil will line up in Brasileiro de GT with two GT3 cars developed by BMW Motorsport. Under the guidance of Team Principal Antonio Hermann, the AH Competições squad will also send two BMW Z4 GT3 cars into action in the series and two BMW M3 GT4 in GT4 class. BMW Team Brasil is supported by BMW Brazil.


2012 Campeonato Brasileiro de GT season, Entries
GT3 class will be updated to include the Lamborghini Gallardo LP600+ and in the fifth round Audi R8 LMS ultra. GT4 class, Lotus Evora GT4 enters in the championship.


2012 Campeonato Capixaba
The 2012 Campeonato Capixaba de Futebol was the 96th season of Espírito Santo's top professional football league. The competition began on January 21 and ended on May 5. Aracruz won the championship for the 1st time, while Colatina and Serra were relegated.


2012 Campeonato Capixaba, Format
The tournament consists of a double round-robin format, in which all ten teams play each other twice. The four better-placed teams will face themselves in playoffs matches. The bottom two teams on overall classification will be relegated. Only the champion will qualify for the 2013 Copa do Brasil.


2012 Campeonato Carioca
The 2012 Campeonato Estadual da Serie A de Profissionais do Rio de Janeiro was the 111th edition of football in Rio de Janeiro. It was organized by the Federação de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FERJ).


2012 Campeonato Carioca, Format
The sixteen clubs were divided into two groups that would play in two tournaments. In the first tournament, Taça Guanabara, the teams from each group played within their group in a single round-robin tournament. The two top place teams from each group advanced to the playoffs and the next two top place teams played for the Troféu Washington Rodrigues. In the second tournament, Taça Rio, the teams play against the teams in the other group in a single round-robin format. The two best teams from each group advanced to the playoffs and next placed two teams played the Troféu Carlos Alberto Torres. Each top team of Taça Guanabara and Taça Rio played for the state title. If the same team wins both tournament, they automatically were awarded the title.


2012 Campeonato Carioca, Qualifications
The best two teams not qualified to 2013 Copa Libertadores would qualify for 2013 Copa do Brasil. The best team not playing in Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, B, or C qualified for 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D


2012 Campeonato Carioca, Taça Guanabara
The 2012 Taça Guanabara began on January 21 and ended on February 26.


2012 Campeonato Carioca, Finals
The 2012 Campeonato Carioca Finals were contested by Fluminense and Botafogo in a two-legged match at the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange.


2012 Campeonato Catarinense
The 2012 Campeonato Catarinense - Divisão Principal was the 89th season of Santa Catarina's top professional football league. The competition began on 22 January and ended on 25 May. Avaí was the champion after win the two matches at finals against Figueirense.


2012 Campeonato Cearense
The 2012 Campeonato Cearense de Futebol was the 98th season of the top professional football league in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The competition began on January 18 and ended on May 13. Ceará won the championship for the 41st time, while Itapipoca, Trairiense and Crateús were relegated.


2012 Campeonato Cearense, Format
Each team plays the other once in a round-robin format followed by four team playoff with home-and-away series.


2012 Campeonato Cearense, Format, Qualifications
The two teams on the finals will qualify for the 2013 Copa do Brasil and 2013 Copa do Nordeste. The best team not playing in Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, B or C will qualify for 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A
The 2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol de la Serie A (known as the 2012 Copa Credife Serie A for sponsorship reasons) was the 54th season of the Serie A, Ecuador's premier football league. The season began on February 3 and ended in December 2012. Deportivo Quito was the defending champion. They were succeeded by Barcelona, who won their record-breaking 14th title.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Format
On the night of December 6, 2011, the Ecuadorian Football Federation determined that the format for 2012 will the same as the previous season.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Teams
Twelve teams competed in the 2012 Serie A season, ten of whom remained from the previous season. ESPOLI and Imbabura were relegated last season after accumulating the fewest points in the 2011 season aggregate table. They will be replaced by Técnico Universitario and Macará, the 2011 Serie B winner and runner-up, respectively. Both teams from Ambato are making returns to the Serie A. Macará is returning after one season while Técnico Universitario is returning after two.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, First stage
The first stage (Spanish: Primera Etapa) began on February 3 and ended on July 8.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Second stage
The second stage (Spanish: Segunda Etapa) began on July 13 and ended on December 2.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Third stage
The Third Stage (Spanish: Tercera Etapa) began on December 9 and ended on December 16. It consisted of two playoffs.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Third stage, Fourth-place playoffs
Independiente José Terán and LDU Loja played in the fourth-place playoff. By having the greater number of points in the aggregate table, Independiente José Terán will play the second leg at home.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Third stage, Fourth-place playoffs
Having won both matches, Independiente José Terán earned the Ecuador 3 berth in the 2013 Copa Sudamericana; LDU Loja earned the Ecuador 4 berth.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Third stage, Second-place playoffs
Emelec and LDU Quito played the second-place playoff. By having the greater number of points in the aggregate table, Emelec will play the second leg at home.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Third stage, Second-place playoffs
Having won both matches, Emelec won the Ecuador 2 berth for the 2013 Copa Libertadores and the 2013 Copa Sudamericana. LDU Quito earned the Ecuador 3 berth for the 2013 Copa Libertadores.


2012 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A, Third stage, Finals
Since Barcelona won both the first stage and second stage, the finals were not played, and Barcelona were crowned champions. They earned the Ecuador 1 berth in the 2013 Copa Libertadores and the Ecuador 1 berth in the 2013 Copa Sudamericana.


2012 Campeonato Gaúcho
The 2012 Campeonato da Primeira Divisão de Futebol Profissional da FGF (2012 FGF First Division Professional Football Championship), better known as the 2012 Campeonato Gaúcho or  Gaúcho, was the 92th edition of the top flight football league of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The season began on 18 January and ended on 13 May. Internacional successfully defended its 2011 title in the final by defeating Caxias.


2012 Campeonato Gaúcho, Format
The sixteen clubs were divided into two groups, such that each team would play two matches to determine which four teams from each group would qualify to the play-offs, and which teams would be relegated. The first stage, called Taça Piratini 2012 (Piratini Cup 2012, won by Internacional), had each team from one group play one team in the other group. In the second stage, called Taça Farroupilha 2012 (Farroupilha Cup 2012, won by Grêmio) each team within each group played one match against another team in the same group. The two lowest ranked teams in the overall standings were relegated (Ypiranga and Avenida).


2012 Campeonato Gaúcho, Overall table
The overall table considered only the matches played during the first stage of both group's Taças and would define the two teams that to be relegated for the 2013 season. The Taça Champions are ranked at the top of the table. The best placed team not playing in Campeonato Brasileiro Série A  (Grêmio, Internacional), B or C (Caxias) was promoted to 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D. The best three teams not qualified to 2013 Copa Libertadores qualified for 2013 Copa do Brasil.


2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tenis de Santos
The 2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tenis de Santos was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Santos, Brazil between 16 and 22 April 2012.


2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tenis de Santos, Singles main draw entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tenis de Santos – Doubles
Franco Ferreiro and André Sá were the defending champions but decided not to participate. Andrés Molteni and Marco Trungelliti won the final against Rogério Dutra da Silva and Júlio Silva 6–4, 6–3.


2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tenis de Santos – Singles
João Souza is the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Facundo Argüello. Ivo Minář won the title by defeating Ricardo Hocevar 4–6, 6–1, 6–4 in the final.


2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis do Estado do Pará
The 2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis do Estado do Pará was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Belém, Brazil between 1 and 7 October 2012.


2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis do Estado do Pará, Singles main draw entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis do Estado do Pará – Doubles
John Peers and John-Patrick Smith won the final by defeating Nicholas Monroe and Simon Stadler 6–3, 6–2 in the final.


2012 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis do Estado do Pará – Singles
Ricardo Hocevar won the title, defeating Thiemo de Bakker 7–6(7–1), 7–6(7–4) in the final.


2012 Campeonato Mineiro
The 2012 Campeonato da Primera Divisåo de Profissionais - Módulo I (official name: Campeonato Mineiro Chevrolet 2012), better known as 2012 Campeonato Mineiro, was the 98th season of Minas Gerais' top-flight football league. The season began at January 29 and ended on May 13.


2012 Campeonato Mineiro, Format
The first stage is a single round robin. The top four teams will be qualified to the playoffs, and the bottom two teams will be relegated to the 2013 Módulo II


2012 Campeonato Mineiro, Format, Qualifications
The best three teams will qualify for 2013 Copa do Brasil. The best two teams not playing in Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, Série B or Série C will qualify for 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano
The 2012 edition of Campeonato Paraibano's First Division was contested by 10 clubs and started on February 5, 2012. Treze were the defending champions, having won the tournament in 2011, but they were eliminated in the second stage by Sousa.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano
Campinense won their eighteenth league title, the first since 2008.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano, Format
The format was the same used in 2011. The tournament is played in two stages: the first one is a standard round-robin format in which all teams play each other in home and away fixtures. Each win is awarded with 3 points, and each draw grants 1 point to both clubs involved in the match. The 2 worst-placed clubs of this stage will be relegated to 2013 Campeonato Paraibano Second Division. The second stage will be played in a two-legged knockout format, where the 4 best-placed teams from the first stage will compete.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano, Format
If the champion from both stages ends up being the same team, it will be declared the 2012 Campeonato Paraibano champion. Otherwise, the winners from the two stages will play a new two-legged knockout to decide the champion. In any of the knockout stages, the clubs with the best records in the first stage are higher seeded, advancing in case of a draw.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano, First stage, Standings
The 2012 Campeonato Paraibano first stage began on February 5 and ended on April 22.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano, Second Stage
The second stage started on April 25 and ended on May 6.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano, Second Stage, Semifinals
First legs were played on 25 April 2012. Return legs were played on 28 and 29 April 2012.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano, Grand Finals
As the two stages didn't have the same winner, Campinense (first stage champion) and Sousa (second stage champion) played another two-legged play-off to decide the Campeonato Paraibano.


2012 Campeonato Paraibano, Grand Finals
The matches were played on 9 and 13 May 2012. The aggregate 5-1 result gave Campinense their 18th title.


2012 Campeonato Paranaense
The 2012 Campeonato Paranaense de Futebol Profissional da 1ª Divisão was the 97th season of Paraná's top professional football league. The competition began on January 22 and will end on May 13. Coritiba won the championship for the 36th time, while Roma Apucarana and Iraty were relegated.


2012 Campeonato Paranaense, Format
The tournament consists of a double round-robin format, in which all twelve teams play each other twice, with classification split in two stages. Each round counts as one stage.


2012 Campeonato Paranaense, Format
The better-placed teams of each stage will face themselves in a two-legged tie, with the team with the most points in the overall classification playing the second leg home, the winning team will then be declared champion. The finals are notable in the sense that goal difference will not be a tiebreaking criterion; if both teams tie on points the decision will go directly to a penalty shootout. If the same team is best-placed on both stages, it will automatically be declared champion.


2012 Campeonato Paranaense, Format
The best two-placed teams in the overall classification not advancing to the finals and not from Curitiba will face themselves in a two-legged tie competing for the Torneio do Interior. The team with the most points will play the second leg home. The bottom two teams on overall classification will be relegated.


2012 Campeonato Paulista
The 2012 Campeonato Paulista de Futebol Profissional da Primeira Divisão - Série A1 (officially the Paulistão Chevrolet 2012 for sponsorship reasons) was the 111th season of São Paulo's top professional football league.


2012 Campeonato Paulista
The finals were played between Santos and Guarani. Santos won 7–2 on aggregate. It was the third consecutive year that they won, the first time since 1968, when the same Santos won three years in a row for the last time (1966/1967/1968).


2012 Campeonato Paulista, Format
The top eight teams in the First Stage qualifies to the Quarter-Finals. The bottom four teams will be relegated to the Série A2. Quarter and Semi-Finals will be played in one-legged matches. The best-four teams not qualified to the Semi-Finals not from the city of São Paulo or Santos FC, will compete in the Campeonato do Interior.


2012 Campeonato Paulista, Teams
São Bernardo, Barueri, Noroeste and Santo André were relegated to the Campeonato Paulista Série A2 after finishing in the bottom four spots of the table at the end of the 2011 season. Santo André were relegated after they played the finals in the 2010 season against Santos, being runner-up. The four relegated teams were replaced by XV de Piracicaba, Comercial, Guarani and Catanduvese, that were promoted from 2011 Série A2. Comercial return to play in the first division after 25 years away from it while XV de Piracicaba, Guarani and Catanduvense, are back after playing the last time in the years: 1995, 2009 and 1993 respectively.


2012 Campeonato Paulista, Awards, Young Player of the Season
The Young Player of the Year was awarded to Romarinho.


2012 Campeonato Paulista, Awards, Countryside Best Player of the Season
The Countryside Best Player of the Year was awarded to Fumagalli.


2012 Campeonato Paulista, Awards, Top scorer of the Season
The Top scorer award went to Neymar, who scored 20 goals.


2012 Campeonato Paulista knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 2012 Campeonato Paulista began on 21 April with the quarter-finals, and concluded on 12 May 2012 with the final at Morumbi in São Paulo.


2012 Campeonato Paulista knockout stage, Round and draw dates
All draws held at Federação Paulista de Futebol headquarters in São Paulo, Brazil.


2012 Campeonato Paulista knockout stage, Format
The quarter-finals are played in one match at stadium of the best teams in the first phase. The 1st placed confronts the 8th, 2nd against the 7th, the 3rd against 6th and 4th against 5th. If no goals are scored during the match, the tie is decided by penalty shootout. The semi-finals are played in the same way of the quarter-finals. The final matches are played over two legs, with the best campaign team in previous stages playing the second match at home.


2012 Campeonato Potiguar
The 2012 Campeonato Potiguar is the 92nd season of Rio Grande do Norte's top professional football league. The competition began on 15 January and ended on 6 May. ABC was the defending champion.


2012 Campeonato Rondoniense
The 2012 Campeonato Rondoniense was the 18th season of Rondônia's top professional football league. The competition began 31 March and ended 9 June. Esporte Clube Espigão was the defending champion.


2012 Campeonato Rondoniense, Format
The eight clubs played a double round robin format. The best four teams advanced to the semifinals.


2012 Campeonato Rondoniense, Format, Qualifications
The first stage champions qualified for Série D. The champion qualified for 2013 Copa do Brasil.


2012 Campeonato Roraimense
The 2012 Campeonato Roraimense was the 18th season of Roraima's top professional football league. The competition began 31 March and ended 9 June. Associação Esportiva Real was the defending champion


2012 Campeonato Roraimense, Format
The six clubs played two single round robin tournaments. The group winners qualified for the final. The winner of both tournaments played for the state championship. If the same team won both tournament, they would have been automatically declared the champion. All games were played in Ribeirão, Boa Vista.


2012 Campeonato Sergipano
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2012 Campeonato Sergipano
The 2012 Campeonato Sergipano de Futebol Profissional da Primeira Divisão - Série A1 (a.k.a. Sergipão 2012) was the 89th season of Sergipe's top professional football league. Associação Olímpica de Itabaiana won their 10th title


2012 Campeonato Sergipano, Format
The ten clubs were divided into two groups that will play in two tournaments. In the first tournament stage the teams from one group will play within their group in a single round-robin tournament. The two best teams from each group will advance to the playoffs and while the next best two will play for the Taça Cidade de Aracaju. In the second tournament stage the teams will play with against the teams in the other group in a single round-robin format.


2012 Campeonato Sergipano, Format
The two best teams from each group will advance to the playoffs and while the next best two will play for the Taça Estado de Sergipe. The winner of both the Taça Cidade de Aracaju and Taça Estado de Sergipe will play for the state championship. If the same team wins both tournament, they are automatically declared the champion.


2012 Campeonato Sergipano, Format, Qualifications and Relegation
The best two teams  will qualify for 2013 Copa do Brasil and the 2013 Copa do Nordeste. The best team not playing in Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, B, or C will qualify for 2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D. And the worst two teams  will be relegated to 2013 Second Division.


2012 Campeonato Sergipano, Taça Cidade de Aracaju
The 2012 Taça Cidade de Aracaju began on January 28 and ended on March 4.


2012 Campeonato Sergipano, Taça Estado de Sergipe
The 2012 Taça Estado de Sergipe began on March 28 and ended on May 13.


2012 Campeonato da 1ª Divisão do Futebol
The 2012 Campeonato da 1ª Divisão do Futebol season is the 29th season of football in Macau and started on January 6 and ended June 10, 2012. Ka I were the defending champion and retained their title.


2012 Canad Inns Prairie Classic
The 2012 Canad Inns Prairie Classic was held from October 19 to 22 at the Portage Curling Club in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba as part of the 2012–13 World Curling Tour. The event was held in a triple knockout format, and the purse for the event was CAD $58,000, of which the winner, Kevin Koe, received CAD$18,000. Koe defeated Alberta rival Kevin Martin in the final with a score of 9–4.


2012 Canada Cup of Curling
The 2012 Capital One Canada Cup of Curling was held from November 28 to December 2 at Mosaic Place in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. This was Moose Jaw's first time hosting the Canada Cup, and Saskatchewan's second time hosting the Canada Cup, which was held in Yorkton in 2009. TSN broadcast the tenth edition of the Canada Cup.


2012 Canada Cup of Curling
In the women's final, Stefanie Lawton won her third Canada Cup title with a win over Jennifer Jones's rink, skipped by Kaitlyn Lawes. Lawton secured the win with a draw to get one point, winning the game with a score of 6–4. In the men's final, Jeff Stoughton won his first Canada Cup title with a win over last year's runner-up Glenn Howard, drawing for one point in the final end to win the game with a score of 4–3.


2012 Canada Cup of Curling
The winners, Jeff Stoughton and Stefanie Lawton, qualified for the 2013 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials in Winnipeg, Manitoba, which will determine Canada's representatives for the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia. The winners will also be selected by the Canadian Curling Association to represent Team North America at the 2014 Continental Cup of Curling in Las Vegas, Nevada.


2012 Canada Cup of Curling, Qualification
A total of fourteen teams, seven men's and seven women's teams, have qualified for the Canada Cup through various means:


2012 Canada Open Grand Prix
The 2012 Canada Open Grand Prix was the eighth grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2012 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Richmond Olympic Oval, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada July 10 until July 15, 2012 and had a total purse of $50,000.


2012 Canada–Russia Challenge
The 2012 Canada–Russia Challenge was a four-game international ice hockey tournament between Canadian and Russian junior teams, held in Canada and Russia on August 9–14, 2012, commemorating the 40th anniversary of the 1972 Summit Series, as well as honouring the memory of the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash.


2012 Canada–Russia Challenge, Games
Being a four-game series with each team winning twice, a tie-breaking overtime was required to determine the series winner. Canada's Ryan Strome scored at 3:20 of the 20-minute sudden death period to win the series for Canada.


2012 Canadian Championship
The 2012 Canadian Championship (officially the Amway Canadian Championship for sponsorship reasons) was a soccer tournament hosted and organized by the Canadian Soccer Association that took place in the cities of Edmonton, Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver in 2012. As in the previous tournament, participating teams included FC Edmonton, Montreal Impact, Toronto FC and Vancouver Whitecaps FC. It was won by Toronto FC, who defeated the Vancouver Whitecaps 2-1 on aggregate in the final round. As the winner, Toronto FC took the Voyageurs Cup and Canada's entry into the Group Stage of the 2012–13 CONCACAF Champions League. It was the fifth edition of the annual Canadian Championship.


2012 Canadian Championship, Matches, Bracket
The teams were seeded based on 2011 league results, with the Major League Soccer teams receiving the No. 1 and No. 2 seeds, and the North American Soccer League teams receiving the No. 3 and No. 4 seeds.


2012 Canadian Direct Insurance BC Men's Curling Championship
The 2012 Canadian Direct Insurance BC Men's Curling Championship (British Columbia's men's provincial curling championship) was held from February 8 to 12 at the Parksville Curling Club in Parksville, British Columbia. The winning team of Jim Cotter, represented British Columbia at the 2012 Tim Hortons Brier in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.


2012 Canadian Direct Insurance BC Men's Curling Championship, Changes to championship format
For the 2011–12 season, the British Columbia Curling Association made changes to the men's championship format. The tournament will be held in a triple knockout format with sixteen teams, and the qualifiers will play in a four team page playoff. This will allow an additional six teams to compete, compared to the ten team round-robin system used in the 2010–11 season. Teams will qualify for the championship through the following berth allocations:


2012 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
The 2012 Canadian Figure Skating Championships was held from January 16 to 22, 2012 at the Moncton Coliseum in Moncton, New Brunswick. The event determined the national champions of Canada and was organized by Skate Canada, the nation's figure skating governing body. Skaters competed at the senior, junior, and novice levels in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Although the official International Skating Union terminology for female skaters in the singles category is ladies, Skate Canada uses women officially. The results of this competition were among the selection criteria for the 2012 World Championships, 2012 Four Continents Championships, and the 2012 World Junior Championships.


2012 Canadian Figure Skating Championships, International team selections, World Championships
Of the top two ladies' skaters at nationals, the one who places highest at Four Continents Championships will receive the berth to the World Championships.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix
The 2012 Canadian Grand Prix (formally the Formula 1 Grand Prix du Canada 2012) was a Formula One motor race that took place on 10 June 2012 at the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The 70-lap race was the seventh round of the 2012 Formula One season, and the first of two North American rounds. It was the 49th Canadian Grand Prix, and the 33rd to be held at the circuit since its début on the calendar in 1978.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix
Sebastian Vettel started the race from pole. Lewis Hamilton went on to win his first race of the year, becoming the seventh different driver to win in as many races, a record for a single Formula One season.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix
This was the last race to feature 3 different teams, other than Ferrari, Mercedes, or Red Bull, on the podium until the 2020 Italian Grand Prix.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Background
After experimenting with two Drag Reduction System (DRS) zones with a single activation point in 2011, the FIA decided that the 2012 race would use a single, shorter DRS zone. In 2011, the DRS zone was 650 metres from the l'Epingle hairpin to the final chicane, with a secondary zone placed along the main straight. For 2012, the detection point was once again placed after the l'Epingle hairpin, and the DRS zone was shortened to 600 metres, while the secondary zone along the pit straight was removed. The FIA explained that the DRS zone was shortened because overtaking was "too easy" in 2011.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Background
The Monaco Grand Prix saw several teams question the legality of parts used by Red Bull Racing on their car, and although Mark Webber's win went uncontested, rival teams sought clarification on matter. One week before the Canadian Grand Prix, the FIA declared the parts used in Monaco to be illegal, forcing the team to change them. The team was also forced to change the design of their axles, after FIA Race Director Charlie Whiting felt that holes in the axles contravened the technical regulations.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Background
Like the 2011 Canadian Grand Prix, tyre supplier Pirelli brought its yellow-banded soft compound tyre as the harder "prime" tyre and the red-banded supersoft compound tyre as the softer "option" tyre.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Threats from student protest groups
Following a smoke bomb incident on Montreal Metro subway, student activists from the Université du Québec à Montréal threatened to prevent the race from going ahead as part of ongoing demonstrations across Quebec.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Threats from student protest groups
Further threats emerged two weeks later, with activists calling for disruptions to the race, which they depicted as a symbol of the "capitalist class", while students from the Faculty of Arts at the Université du Québec à Montréal described the Grand Prix as "[representing] sexist, anti-environmental, elitist and economic values that must be abolished" and suggested disruptions be organized by the Coalition Large de l'Association pour une Solidarité Syndicale Étudiante (CLASSE) — recognised as the most-radical student protest group. The race was specifically mentioned in chants directed at Premier of Quebec Jean Charest.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Threats from student protest groups
After attacking the Formula One website in protest against the Bahrain Grand Prix, hacktivist community Anonymous threatened similar action against the sport to protest the Canadian Grand Prix as a part of "Operation Quebec", promising to block access to the circuit, light fires within the circuit limits, and foreshadowing attacks on hotels in the city proper. Anti -capitalist group CLAC also threatened to target Crescent Street in downtown Montreal to "disrupt this crass elite at play", describing the Grand Prix as "an orgy of cash [that] symbolizes turbo-capitalism."


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Threats from student protest groups
In response to these threats, organisers for the event cancelled the "Open Doors Day" scheduled for the Thursday before the race. Three hundred protesters gathered at an official pre-race function on the same day, with riot police called in to disperse the crowd. Montreal police also carried out raids on eighteen homes in the city, arresting eleven people suspected of widespread vandalism. Thirty-seven people were arrested on Friday evening when they staged a nude protest in front of tourists. A third protest took place on Saturday afternoon, though no arrests were made.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Threats from student protest groups
Montreal resident and former World Champion Jacques Villeneuve was highly critical of the protesters, comparing them to rioters who took part in the 2011 England riots and describing them as "people [who] grew up without ever hearing their parents ever tell them 'no'." After claiming that plans by activists to block the Montreal Metro system on the day of the race could be considered an act of terrorism, Villeneuve claimed he had received "insulting" and "dangerous" e-mails.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
Lewis Hamilton was the fastest driver in the first practice session, a tenth of a second faster than Sebastian Vettel and two-tenths faster than Nico Rosberg. Jenson Button was forced out of the session early after his team discovered an oil leak in his car, but still finished the session tenth, while Caterham driver Heikki Kovalainen crashed at Turn 9 halfway through the session, bringing out the red flag.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
Sebastian Vettel was summoned by the stewards after he was observed cutting across the final chicane to avoid Bruno Senna and guarantee a clear circuit for a flying run, but no action was taken. A HRT mechanic was taken to hospital after he was hit by Pedro de la Rosa in pit lane, but the team reported that he had not suffered any serious injuries.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
Hamilton continued his form in the second session, this time leading the Ferraris of Fernando Alonso and Felipe Massa. Jenson Button emerged late in the session, the team having overcome his oil leak, to set the ninth-fastest time; likewise, Caterham managed to rebuild Kovalainen's car in time for him to take part in the session. As in the first session, the second was interrupted by a red flag when Bruno Senna crashed at the final chicane, destroying one of the experimental rear wings Williams had brought to the race.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Free practice
Jean-Éric Vergne became the third driver to crash in free practice, when he went off at the first turn on Saturday morning during his first flying lap, whilst Nico Rosberg suffered from a fuel pick-up problem that cost him an entire hour of running. Vettel finished the session fastest, just six thousandths of a second faster than Fernando Alonso, with Hamilton third. Kimi Räikkönen was investigated by the stewards for a dangerous pit entry, and was later fined for the incident.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
Jean-Éric Vergne was eliminated in Q1, out-qualified by the Caterhams of Heikki Kovalainen and Vitaly Petrov. Petrov was faster than his teammate for most of the Q1 session, but a late lap from Kovalinen – which included a bumpy ride across the kerbs at the final chicane – put him two-tenths of a second clear of the Russian. Pedro de la Rosa outqualified both Marussia cars by half a second, with teammate Narain Karthikeyan within a tenth of a second of Charles Pic, completing the final row of the grid. Sebastian Vettel was the fastest driver in the session.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
The second qualifying period was closely fought, with many drivers vying for a place in Q3 by only a few hundredths of a second, and the exact running order was only resolved in the final few seconds when Pastor Maldonado spun at the final chicane and glanced against the outer wall. Maldonado pushed too hard into the chicane. He managed to keep his car from ploughing into the outer wall, but damaged his right rear wheel and suspension and ultimately finished seventeenth. Romain Grosjean narrowly avoided elimination, but his teammate Kimi Räikkönen finished twelfth, behind Kamui Kobayashi.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
Despite setting the early pace, Nico Hülkenberg qualified thirteenth, with Daniel Ricciardo alongside him in fourteenth, a full second quicker than teammate Vergne. Sergio Pérez was fifteenth, admitting to having locked up his front tyres at the hairpin on his final flying lap. Bruno Senna qualified sixteenth overall, narrowly ahead of Maldonado.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
All ten cars took to the circuit for Q3. Vettel qualified on pole, ahead of Fernando Alonso and Lewis Hamilton. Mark Webber was fourth, ahead of Nico Rosberg who finished fifth. Felipe Massa was sixth in his second appearance in Q3 in as many races, ahead of Grosjean in seventh and Paul di Resta eighth. After bettering Nico Rosberg's times in Q1 and Q2, Michael Schumacher finished ninth, half a second behind Rosberg. Onboard footage showed Schumacher visibly frustrated with a slower car on his final flying lap, though no action was taken. Jenson Button completed the grid in tenth, having elected to use the soft tyres as opposed to the super-softs used by everyone else.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
Following his contact with the wall at the end of his seventeenth placed qualifying performance, the Williams team decided to change Pastor Maldonado's gearbox prior to the race. As a result, Maldonado incurred an automatic five place grid penalty and was demoted to twenty-second position for the start.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
As required by the qualifying regulations, the top 9 qualifiers all started on the faster red-banded super soft tyres, with 10th placed Jenson Button who did not set a time in Q3 choosing to start on the yellow-banded softs. The remaining drivers had a choice of tyres; Kimi Räikkönen, Nico Hülkenberg, Sergio Pérez, Pastor Maldonado and Pedro de la Rosa opted for the softs, the remainder for the super softs.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
The race got off to a clean start, with Sebastian Vettel taking the early lead from pole. There were no big changes behind him, as Lewis Hamilton, Fernando Alonso, Mark Webber, Nico Rosberg and Felipe Massa all staying in their respective places. Pastor Maldonado made up a few places after starting 22nd. Massa passed Rosberg for fifth soon after, with the latter soon losing another spot to Paul di Resta. Di Resta was unable to keep the pace of the top 5, and a gap formed up between the first 5 and the rest of the pack.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Massa had started closing in on Webber after passing Rosberg, but he then spun and dropped down to 12th, at the tail of the second group led by di Resta. At the head of the field, Vettel built a two-second lead in the first four laps over Hamilton, but then Hamilton slowly started reeling him back in as the super softs slowly began to wear out. Before the first round of pit stops, Hamilton closed right up to Vettel and started to get held up, with Fernando Alonso taking the opportunity to join the leading two. The stops started as early as lap 13 for Massa, and on lap 14 for di Resta and Michael Schumacher. Vettel stayed until lap 16 before pitting, handing the lead to Hamilton who came in on the next lap and rejoined ahead of Vettel, despite a slow pitstop.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Alonso stayed out two laps longer than Hamilton and, helped by a quick pitstop was able to rejoin in second place, ahead of Hamilton and Vettel and only behind temporary leader Romain Grosjean who was yet to pit. Hamilton immediately attacked him in the DRS zone on the same lap and succeeded to take 2nd place, which became the lead two laps later when Grosjean pitted.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Webber was unable to keep up with the leading trio in the first stint and thus, after his stop rejoined behind the yet to stop Sergio Pérez and Kimi Räikkönen, and got held up behind the duo. This left the leading trio of Hamilton, Alonso and Vettel with a gap around 15 seconds to the rest of the field, with the McLaren driver being able to edge out a lead over his two pursuers.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
On lap 24 Narain Karthikeyan was the first retirement after spinning on turn 1 and pulling over shortly afterwards. Shortly afterwards, his HRT teammate Pedro de la Rosa stopped in the pits with worn-out brakes and didn't re-emerge.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Räikkönen and Pérez, running 4th and 5th having started on the soft tyres both had a long first stint as they tried to make the race on a single stop. With Webber being held up behind the duo, this allowed both Grosjean and Nico Rosberg to close up on him. Rosberg made his second stop on lap 40, one lap before Räikkönen made his only stop. Räikkönen rejoined in front of Rosberg, but Rosberg was able to pass him in the DRS zone on the same lap, just as Hamilton did on Alonso earlier.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Pérez made his stop on lap 42 and rejoined in between the duo, in 8th place. Michael Schumacher's run of bad luck continued when he left the pits on lap 43 with his DRS flap open was running 9th. He returned to the pits but the team were unable to close the flap, forcing his retirement.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Hamilton was able to open up a 4-second lead over Alonso, with Vettel being initially held up by the Spaniard, but unable to keep up with him as the Ferrari driver found the grip in his tyres. As the stint wore on, Alonso was able to pull clear of Vettel and close down Hamilton's lead to just over 2 seconds, and Hamilton decided to make a second stop for new tyres. He rejoined in third, 9.5 seconds behind Vettel and 13 behind Alonso, and just ahead of Webber and Grosjean who were fighting for 4th. Both Alonso and Vettel realized that they do not have enough of a gap to make another stop and rejoin ahead of Hamilton, so they stayed out and attempted to complete the race without stopping again in an attempt to win.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
The battles continued to rage behind the leading trio, as Grosjean started to attack 4th placed Webber. The Red Bull driver decided to make a second pitstop for new tyres and rejoined in 8th place, behind Rosberg and Pérez, but ahead of Räikkönen. Felipe Massa, who was unable to regain the places he lost due to his spin, was now back up to 5th place as he too attempted a one-stopper. That did not work out however, and Rosberg had closed right up to him by lap 55, and brought Pérez, Webber and Räikkönen along.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Rosberg attacked Massa on the DRS zone, but overshot the last chicane and had to give the position back. Pérez took advantage of this and was right behind Massa, which meant that he too was able to get the jump on Rosberg when he handed the place back to Massa. He then passed Massa on the same lap, with Rosberg also going through, this time doing the job cleanly. The Brazilian had enough, and pitted for a new set of tyres and rejoined in 10th place, where he stayed till the end.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Hamilton on his newer tyres was rapidly gaining on Alonso and Vettel at the front at over a second a lap. As the race entered the latter stages, the tyres of Alonso and Vettel began to totally wear out, and their lap times now dropped by 3 seconds a lap. Hamilton passed Vettel on lap 62, and Alonso two laps later to take the lead, but the tyres of the latter two were so worn that they were vulnerable to the rest of the field.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Vettel decided to stop for new tyres on lap 64 and rejoined fifth behind Grosjean and Pérez, who had broken away from the battle between Rosberg, Webber and Räikkönen. Alonso decided to stay out on his totally worn tyres and was passed by Grosjean on lap 66, Pérez one lap later, and a charging Vettel on the penultimate lap. Lewis Hamilton had no trouble reeling off the last 6 laps once he had taken the lead and became the 7th different winner in 7 races.


2012 Canadian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Grosjean and Sergio Pérez achieved their 2nd career podium finishes as they finished second and third respectively. Vettel recovered to 4th, only 2 seconds behind Pérez at the flag. A frustrated Alonso dropped to 5th ahead of Rosberg who had an up and down race finishing 6th, fending off Webber and Räikkönen. Kamui Kobayashi finished a respectable 9th place in the other Sauber with Massa getting the final point in 10th.


2012 Canadian Junior Curling Championships
The 2012 M&M Meat Shops Canadian Junior Curling Championships were held from February 4 to 12 at the Strathcona Paper Centre and the Napanee & District Curling Club in Napanee, Ontario. The winners, the Albertan teams skipped by Brendan Bottcher and Jocelyn Peterman, represented Canada at the 2012 World Junior Curling Championships in Östersund, Sweden.


2012 Canadian Junior Curling Championships
In the women's final, Alberta's Peterman led her team to a win over Manitoba's Shannon Birchard in nine ends, winning with a score of 12–6 after a decisive shot in the fourth end and a critical steal in the fifth end gave Alberta a large lead. The men's final saw Alberta's Brendan Bottcher sealing off the game against Northern Ontario's Brennan Wark in the last end with two points, making the final score 9–6 and completing an Alberta sweep of the Canadian Juniors.


2012 Canadian Junior Curling Championships, Men, Round Robin Results
Sheets A through E are located at the Strathcona Paper Centre, and sheets F through H are located at the Napanee & District Curling Club. All times listed are in Eastern Standard Time.


2012 Canadian Junior Curling Championships, Women, Round Robin Results
Sheets A through E are located at the Strathcona Paper Centre, and sheets F through H are located at the Napanee & District Curling Club. All times listed are in Eastern Standard Time.


2012 Canadian Junior Curling Championships, Qualification, Ontario
The Pepsi Ontario Junior Curling Championships were held January 4–8 at the Russell Curling Club in Russell.


2012 Canadian Masters Curling Championships
The 2012 Canadian Masters Curling Championships were held from March 26 to April 1 at the Club de curling Boucherville and the Club de curling Saint-Lambert in Boucherville and Saint-Lambert, Quebec.


2012 Canadian Masters Curling Championships
The games played were split between the two venues; the games listed on sheets A through C were played at the Club de curling Boucherville, and the games listed on sheets D through G were played at the Club de curling Saint-Lambert.


2012 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship
The 2012 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship was held from November 12 to 19, 2011, at the Sudbury Curling Club in Sudbury, Ontario.


2012 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship, Round robin results
All draw times are listed in Eastern Standard Time (UTC-05).


2012 Canadian Open of Curling
The 2012 Canadian Open of Curling was held from December 12 to 16 at Prospera Place in Kelowna, British Columbia as part of the 2012–13 World Curling Tour. The event was the second men's Grand Slam event of the season. The event was held in a round robin format, and the purse for the event was CAD$100,000. In the final, Glenn Howard won his second Canadian Open title and his eleventh Grand Slam title with a win over Brad Jacobs, clinching the victory with a score of 3–1 after a steal in the final end.


2012 Canadian Rugby Championship
The 2012 Canadian Rugby Championship was the 4th season of the Canadian Rugby Championship.


2012 Canadian Rugby Championship
The Ontario Blues were the 2012 CRC champions, winning the MacTier Cup for the second year in a row.


2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships
The 2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships were held from March 17 to 25 at the Abbotsford Recreation Centre in Abbotsford, British Columbia. British Columbia last hosted the Canadian Seniors in 2004, and has previously hosted 6 Canadian Senior men's championships and five Canadian Senior women's championships. The winners of the championships went on to represent Canada at the 2013 World Senior Curling Championships.


2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships – Men's tournament
The men's tournament of the 2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships was held from March 17 to 25.


2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships – Men's tournament, Qualifying Round
Four associations did not automatically qualify to the championships, and participated in a qualifying round held at the Langley Curling Club in Langley, British Columbia. Two qualification spots were awarded to the winners of a double knockout round.


2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships – Men's tournament, Qualifying Round, Teams
*Nunavut did not enter a team in the qualifying round.


2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships – Women's tournament
The women's tournament of the 2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships was held from March 17 to 25.


2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships – Women's tournament, Qualifying Round
Four provinces did not automatically qualify to the championships, and participated in a qualifying round held at the Langley Curling Club in Langley, British Columbia. Two qualification spots were awarded to the winners of a double knockout round.


2012 Canadian Senior Curling Championships – Women's tournament, Qualifying Round, Teams
*Nunavut did not enter a team in the qualifying round.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season
The 2012 Canadian Soccer League season (known as the Givova Canadian Soccer League for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th since its establishment where a total of 28 teams from Ontario and Quebec took part in the league. The season began on 5 May 2012, and concluded on 27 October 2012. Toronto Croatia defended their championship in a 1–0 victory over the Montreal Impact Academy in the CSL Championship final at Centennial Park Stadium in Toronto.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season
Montreal became the second Quebec club after Trois-Rivières Attak to reach the final, while Toronto added more silverware to their cabinet by winning the double during the regular season. In the Second Division SC Toronto B won their first Second Division championship, and TFC Academy II secured the regular season title.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season
The league grew to a record amount of 16 first division teams with Kingston, Waterloo, and Niagara being promoted to the first division. A number of CSL teams began operating their academy teams in the Canadian Academy of Futbol (CAF). During the past three seasons the league's player developmental system made further advances with 27 players moving overseas, and 42 being selected to the Canada national team program. While six TFC Academy players were signed by first team Toronto FC of the Major League Soccer.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season
Rogers TV continued broadcasting matches for the CSL, while CogecoTV provided coverage to the Niagara and Kingston regions. The league reintroduced their television program This Week in the CSL with producer Alex Bastyovanszky returning to host the program with Rogers TV broadcasting the program.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season, Changes from 2011
Each team will play an unbalanced schedule of 22 games for the 2012 season.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season, Teams
A total of 16 teams will contest the league, including 13 from the 2011 season and three expansion teams. The league will feature three expansion teams which started play in last years second division, Kingston FC which joined the CSL as Prospect FC, Niagara United, and SC Waterloo Region formerly known as KW United FC. Capital City F.C. will not return for the 2012 season after failing to renew their league membership.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season, Playoffs, Bracket
The top 8 teams will qualify for the one-game quarter final, and a one-game semi-final leading to the championship game to be played on 27 October at Centennial Park Stadium.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season, Individual awards
The annual CSL awards were held at the Mississauga Convention Centre in Mississauga, Ontario on 25 November 2012. The league chose Marin Vucemilovic-Grgic as its MVP, a former 2. HNL player who spearheaded Toronto Croatia's to the best offensive record. Toronto also managed to produce the best defensive record throughout the season, and as a result Antonio Ilic was named the Goalkeeper of the Year. Another Croatian import who played with SC Waterloo Drazen Vukovic received the Golden Boot. While Montreal Impact Academy alumni Maxim Tissot was given the Defender, who later was promoted to the Montreal Impact senior team.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season, Individual awards
SC Toronto developed Jonathan Osorio into the Rookie of the Year, who later was signed by Toronto FC in the MLS. After leading the Windsor Stars to their first postseason appearance since the 2007 season Steve Vagnini was voted the Coach of the Year. Ryan Gauss was honored with the Harry Paul Gauss award for his commitment and allegiance to the league. For the second straight season David Barrie was selected by the CSL Referee Committee as the Referee of the Year. TFC Academy were given their third Fair Play and Respect award for their solid discipline on the field of play.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season, Individual awards
Robin Glover and Enio Perruzza were acknowledged by the league for their continual years of service, and were given the Media and Broadcaster awards. Glover received the Media award for his years of loyalty in producing match reports since the 1995 CNSL season. While Perruzza was given the Broadcaster award for announcing over 3,000 matches throughout a span of 26 years.


2012 Canadian Soccer League season, Second Division
The CSL fielded 12 teams in its Second Division, all reserve teams of players mostly under 23 years of age. With emphasis on developing the younger players, the league rule allows for a maximum three players and the goalkeeper to be over 23. The teams played a 16-game schedule. The division decreased its membership to 12 teams after Kingston FC, Niagara United, and SC Waterloo were promoted to the First Division, but retained their reserves squad in the Second Division. London City, and Toronto Croatia also withdrew their reserve teams with Windsor Stars entering a reserve squad.


2012 Canadian Tour
The 2012 Canadian Tour season ran from June 7 to September 9 and consisted of eight official golf tournaments. This was the 43rd season of the Canadian Professional Golf Tour, and the last under the "Canadian Tour" name. On October 18, the Canadian Tour and the U.S. PGA Tour announced that they had reached an agreement by which the PGA Tour would take over the Canadian circuit. On November 1, the Canadian circuit was officially renamed PGA Tour Canada.


2012 Canadian Tour
Although the 2011 season started with three events in Latin America (March to May), these events were canceled in 2012 due to security concerns. Canadian player Matt Hill won the Order of Merit in 2012.


2012 Canadian Wheelchair Curling Championship
The 2012 Canadian Wheelchair Curling Championship was held from March 18 to 25 at the Fort William Curling Club in Thunder Bay, Ontario.


2012 Canadian electoral calendar
This is a list of elections in Canada in 2012. Included are provincial, municipal and federal elections, by-elections on any level, referendums and party leadership races at any level.


2012 Canadian federal budget
The Canadian federal budget for fiscal year 2012–13 was presented to the House of Commons of Canada by Finance Minister Jim Flaherty on 29 March 2012. Among the most notable elements of the federal budget were changes to Old Age Security and a reduction of the budget for the Canadian Forces and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.


2012 Canadian federal budget
The budget presentation was also used to announce that the penny would no longer be minted as of late 2012.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Key elements
These initiatives were to be delivered in periods that varied from one to five years:


2012 Canadian federal budget, Key elements, Programs and departments eliminated
Programs and departments cut as part of the budget included:


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects
As a result of the budget, in April 2012 the CBC announced it would cut its English Services budget by $86 million, of which $43 million was a reduction of programming and the remainder the elimination of 256 jobs. It said it would also cut jobs in other departments, totalling 650 throughout the corporation. The changes took effect in June 2012. It cancelled the TV series InSecurity and the television program Connect with Mark Kelley.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects
The changes included a reduction of the budget for CBC News by $10 million, the elimination of 88 jobs in that division, and the shuttering of its news bureaus in South America and Africa. CBC Radio had its budget reduced by $3 million, eliminated 18 jobs, and stated it would no longer commission radio dramas. Other programming cuts included the radio program Dispatches and  CBC Sports, which had a $4 million budget reduction and recast Sports Weekend as a seasonal program. Compared to its budget in 2011–12, the CBC operating budget was cut by $27.8 million in 2012–13, $69.6 million in 2013–14, and $115 million in 2014–15.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada announced in April 2012 that it would close the Cereal Research Centre operated at the University of Manitoba. The Public Service Alliance of Canada (PSAC) stated that 5,561 of its members in 23 government departments had received notices from the federal government about the potential termination of their jobs. This includes 308 jobs at the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, which will cut its operating budget by $56 million. The Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada announced that the employment of 1,500 of its members would be affected. Health Canada would eliminate up to 840 jobs, including 150 scientists.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects
The Department of National Defence will cut at least 1,149 public service jobs, about 585 of which are in the Canadian Forces and 234 at the Defence Research and Establishment Canada.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects
On 1 May 2012, PSAC announced that Parks Canada would eliminate 638 jobs, and that 1,689 of its "scientists, engineers, technicians, mechanics, carpenters and program managers" would be affected by changes, and that 908 employees of Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, 490 employees of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, and 180 employees of Transport Canada would also be affected. Library and Archives Canada is expected to eliminate 105 jobs, and Statistics Canada is expected to cut 273.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects
In November 2012, the Treasury Board president Tony Clement stated that the federal government had cut 10,980 public service jobs, of which 7,500 were by attrition or not replacing employees who had quit.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects, Accelerated Capital Cost Allowance and Mining Exploration Credit
In 2011 Statistics Canada reported that the nonfinancial corporate sector (NFCS) was "sitting on more than $583 billion in Canadian currency and deposits, and more than $276 billion in foreign currency."


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects, Accelerated Capital Cost Allowance and Mining Exploration Credit
The Canadian government has introduced measures to encourage business to invest in the Canadian economy. There were five federal corporate tax cuts over a period of five years with the last 1.5 percent reduction taking effect on 30 December 2011, bringing the federal corporate tax to 15 per cent.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Effects, Accelerated Capital Cost Allowance and Mining Exploration Credit
Flaherty explained that the one-year extension on the Mineral Exploration Tax Credit and Small Business Hiring Tax Credit introduced in the 2012 budget are business incentives "to compel Canadian corporations to invest some $525 billion of dead cash back into the economy." In their analysis of the 2012 budget the Canadian Labour Congress argued that "non-financial corporations" have used their federal incentives and tax cuts to "buy up their own shares, to increase dividends, and to increase their cash holdings" which amounted to "close to $500 billion of surplus cash" that they were not investing in job creation.


2012 Canadian federal budget, Reception
This budget was criticized because of cuts to health care, the old age security, environmental protection and because of the expansion of $6 billion in corporate tax cuts for corporations, banks, and oil companies.


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution
The federal electoral redistribution of 2012 was a redistribution of electoral districts ("ridings") in Canada following the results of the 2011 Canadian Census. As a result of changes to the Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act, the number of seats in the House of Commons of Canada increased from 308 to 338. The previous electoral redistribution was in 2003.


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Background and previous attempts at reform
Prior to 2012, the redistribution rules for increasing the number of seats in the House of Commons of Canada was governed by section 51 of the Constitution Act, 1867, as last amended in 1985. As early as 2007, attempts were made to reform the calculation of how that number was determined, as the 1985 formula did not fully take into account the rapid population growth being experienced in the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia and Ontario.


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Background and previous attempts at reform
The revised formula, as originally presented, was estimated to have the following impact:


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Background and previous attempts at reform
Three successive bills were presented by the Government of Canada before its final form was passed by the House of Commons and Senate in 2011.


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Passage of the Fair Representation Act (2011)
The expansion of the House from 308 seats to 338 seats is pursuant to the Fair Representation Act, which came into force on December 16, 2011. In introducing the bill, the government's stated aims were:


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Passage of the Fair Representation Act (2011)
The Act replaced s. 51(1) of the Constitution Act, 1867 with the following formula:


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Passage of the Fair Representation Act (2011)
The addition of three seats in Quebec marked the first time since the adoption of the 1985 electoral redistribution formula that any province besides Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia gained new seats.


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Process of redistribution
The allocation of seats to the provinces and territories was based on rules in the Constitution of Canada as well as population estimates made by Statistics Canada based on the 2006 Census (in particular, the allocation is based on an estimate for the population as of July 1, 2011, "based on 2006 Census population counts adjusted for census net undercoverage and incompletely enumerated Indian reserves").


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Process of redistribution
A final report was tabled October 2013, with the changes proclaimed to take effect as of the first dissolution of Parliament occurring after May 1, 2014. The names of some ridings were changed when the Riding Name Change Act, 2014 came into force on June 19, 2014.


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Process of redistribution
In a report issued in 2014 Elections Canada noted: "While some administrative tasks remained to be done after that point, Elections Canada's role of supporting the federal electoral boundaries commissions, which had worked for up to 18 months in their respective provinces, was complete." The report concluded that "the process for the 2012 redistribution of federal electoral boundaries was a success."


2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, Effect of 2013 Representation Orders
Compared to the House of Commons seat allocation in effect for the 41st Canadian Parliament (which convened in 2011), the changes were as follows:


2012 Canadian honours
The following are the appointments to various Canadian Honours of 2012. Usually, they are announced as part of the New Year and Canada Day celebrations and are published within the Canada Gazette during year. This follows the custom set out within the United Kingdom which publishes its appoints of various British Honours for New Year's and for monarch's official birthday. However, instead of the midyear appointments announced on Victoria Day, the official birthday of the Canadian Monarch, this custom has been transferred with the celebration of Canadian Confederation and the creation of the Order of Canada.


2012 Canadian honours
As the Canada Gazette publishes appointment to various orders, decorations and medal, either Canadian or from Commonwealth and foreign states, this article will reference all Canadians so honoured during the 2012 calendar year.


2012 Canadian honours
Provincial Honours are not listed within the Canada Gazette, however they are listed within the various publications of each provincial government. Provincial honours are listed within the page.


2012 Canadian honours
2012 was also the year of the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada. 60,000 Canadians had been awarded with the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal during this anniversary year.


2012 Canary Wharf Squash Classic
The Canary Wharf Squash Classic 2012 is the 2012's Canary Wharf Squash Classic, which is a tournament of the PSA World Tour event International (Prize money : 50 000 $). The event took place at the East Wintergarden in London in England from 19 March to 23 March. Nick Matthew won his third Canary Wharf Squash Classic trophy, beating James Willstrop in the final.


2012 Canary Wharf Squash Classic, Prize money and ranking points
For 2012, the prize purse was $50,000. The prize money and points breakdown is as follows:


2012 Cannes Film Festival
The 65th Cannes Film Festival was held from 16 to 27 May 2012. Italian film director Nanni Moretti was the President of the Jury for the main competition and British actor Tim Roth was the President of the Jury for the Un Certain Regard section. French actress Bérénice Bejo hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.


2012 Cannes Film Festival
The festival opened with the US film Moonrise Kingdom, directed by Wes Anderson and closed with the late Claude Miller's final film Thérèse Desqueyroux. The main announcement of the line-up took place on 19 April. The official poster of the festival features Marilyn Monroe, to mark the 50th anniversary of her death.


2012 Cannes Film Festival
The Palme d'Or was awarded to Austrian director Michael Haneke for his film Amour. Haneke previously won the Palme d'Or in 2009 for The White Ribbon. The jury gave the Grand Prize to Matteo Garrone's Reality, while Ken Loach's The Angels' Share was awarded the Jury Prize.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Juries, Μain competition
The following people were appointed as the Jury for the feature films of the 2012 Official Selection:


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Juries, Independent juries
The following independent juries awarded films in the frame of the International Critics' Week.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection
The official selection was announced on 19 April at Grand Hôtel in Paris. Among comments after the announcement, journalists noted the unusually high number of Hollywood films in the line-up, the absence of any female director in the main competition, as well as the absence of competing first-time feature film directors. The festival's artistic leader Thierry Frémaux responded that people should not focus only on the competition films: "The selection is an ensemble; you have to consider the whole package."


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, In competition - Feature films
The following films were selected as In Competition. The Palme d'Or winner has been highlighted.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Un Certain Regard
The following films were screened in the Un Certain Regard section. The Un Certain Regard Prize winner has been highlighted.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Special screenings
The following films were screened in the Special Screenings section:


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Cinéfondation
The Cinéfondation section focuses on films made by students at film schools. The following entries were selected, out of more than 1,700 submissions from 320 different schools. The winner of the Cinéfondation First Prize has been highlighted.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Short film competition
Out of 4,500 submissions, the following films were selected for the short film competition. The Short film Palme d'Or winner has been highlighted.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Cannes Classics
The following films were screened in the Cannes Classics section. The Hungarian "montage film" Final Cut: Ladies and Gentlemen, directed by György Pálfi, was selected as the closing film for the Cannes Classics section.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Cinéma de la Plage
The Cinéma de la Plage is a part of the Official Selection of the festival. The outdoors screenings at the beach cinema of Cannes are open to the public.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Parallel sections, International Critics' Week
The line-up for the International Critics’ Week was announced on 23 April at the section's website. The feature competition consists entirely of directorial debuts, something the section's artistic director Charles Tesson stressed was not intentional, but only the way it turned out when the submissions had been judged by quality. The following films were selected.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Parallel sections, International Critics' Week
Feature films - The winner of the Grand Prix Nespresso has been highlighted.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Parallel sections, Directors' Fortnight
The line-up for the Directors' Fortnight was announced at a press conference on 24 April. The following films were selected:


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Parallel sections, Directors' Fortnight
Feature films - The winner of the Art Cinema Award has been highlighted.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Parallel sections, Directors' Fortnight
Short films - The winner of the Premier Prix Illy for Short Filmmaking has been highlighted.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Awards, Official awards
The Palme d'Or was won by the French-language film Amour directed by Michael Haneke. Haneke previously won the award for The White Ribbon in 2009. Love tells the story of an elderly couple preparing for death. During his acceptance speech, the director said "A very, very big thanks to my actors who have made this film. It's their film. They are the essence of this film."


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Awards, Official awards
Moretti said that none of the winners had been selected unanimously, and described such an outcome as "a middle ground that would have pleased no one". He revealed that Holy Motors, Paradise: Love and Post Tenebras Lux were the entries that most had divided the jury.


2012 Cannes Film Festival, Awards, Official awards
The following films and people received the 2012 Official selection awards:In Competition


2012 Cannock Chase District Council election
Elections to Cannock Chase District Council took place on 3 May 2012 on the same day as other local elections in England. A total of 14 councillors were elected from 13 wards as a third of the council was up for election. This also included a by-election in the Hagley ward which filled a vacancy that had arisen since the previous election. There were no elections held in the Hednesford Green Heath or Rawnsley wards as those wards elect only two councillors in the other two years of the election cycle.