2011 Oceania Sevens Championship
The 2011 Oceania Sevens Championship was the fourth Oceania Sevens in men's rugby sevens. It was held at Apia Park in Samoa.


2011 Oceania Sevens Championship
Samoa won the Oceania Sevens Championship by defeating Fiji 19 to 7. Tonga, PNG ,and Niue, as the three highest finishers excluding core teams Australia, Fiji ,and Samoa, qualified for Gold Coast legs of the 2011–12 IRB Sevens World Series. Tonga also qualified for the 2012 Hong Kong Sevens.


2011 Oceania Track Championships
The 2011 Oceania Track Championships were the 2011 edition of the annual Oceania Track Championships and were held at the Adelaide Super-Drome in Adelaide, Australia. The championships were the first opportunity for riders from Oceania to qualify for the 2012 Summer Olympics. All ten Olympic events (sprint, team sprint, keirin, team pursuit and omnium) were included for both men and women. Non -Olympics events (time trial, individual pursuit, points race, scratch race) were also included for both men and women as well as madison for men. Under 19 events were also held for each event; however, the men's madison and women's (keirin, team sprint, team pursuit, points race and omnium were combined Under 19 and Elite events.


2011 Oceania Youth Athletics Championships
The 2011 Oceania Youth Athletics Championships were held at the Sydney Olympic Park Athletic Centre in Homebush, New South Wales, Australia, between March 10–14, 2011. They were held together with the 2011 Australian Junior Athletics Championships (U14 to U20). A total of 40 events were contested, 20 by boys and 20 by girls.


2011 Oceania Youth Athletics Championships, Medal summary
Complete results can be found on the websites of the Athletics Australia, and of the World Junior Athletics History.


2011 Oceania Youth Athletics Championships, Participation (unofficial)
An unofficial count yields the number of about 356 athletes from 3countries. 331 athletes were from the 8 Australian States and Territories:


2011 Oceania Youth Athletics Championships, Participation (unofficial)
and 25 athletes from a combined team "Oceania" composed of 2 other OAA member countries:


2011 Oceanian Futsal Championship
The 2011 Oceanian Futsal Championship (OFC) was the eighth edition of the main international futsal tournament of the Oceanian region. It took place from May 16 to May 20, 2011, and was hosted by Fiji, which had also hosted three previous editions.


2011 Oceanian Futsal Championship
The number of participating nations rose to eight, up from seven in 2010, as Kiribati made their first ever appearance at the OFC Futsal Championship.


2011 Oceanian Futsal Championship
The defending champions, the Solomon Islands, retained their title, defeating Tahiti by six goals to four in the final.


2011 Oceanian Futsal Championship
The tournament's Golden Ball (Player of the tournament) award went to Elliot Ragomo of the Solomon Islands, who also won Golden Boot award for the highest number of goals scored in the tournament.


2011 Oceanian Futsal Championship
The tournament also acted as a qualifying tournament for the 2012 FIFA Futsal World Cup in Thailand. The Solomon Islands won the tournament, and qualified for the World Cup.


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open
The 2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 7th edition, for men, and 10th edition, for women, of the tournament and part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit, offering totals of $100,000, for men, and $100,000, for women, in prize money. It took place in West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada between August 1 and August 7, 2011.


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open, Men's singles main draw entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open, Women's singles main draw entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open, Champions, Men's doubles
Treat Conrad Huey /  Travis Parrott def. Jordan Kerr /  David Martin, 6–2, 1–6, [16–14]


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open, Champions, Women's doubles
Karolína Plíšková /  Kristýna Plíšková def. Jamie Hampton /  Noppawan Lertcheewakarn, 5–7, 6–2, [10–2]


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open – Men's Doubles
Treat Conrad Huey and Dominic Inglot were the defending champions, but only Huey tries to defend his title. He played alongside Travis Parrott and they won the title, defeating Jordan Kerr and David Martin 6–2, 1–6, [16–14] in the final.


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open – Men's Singles
Dudi Sela was the defending champion, but decided not to participate.


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open – Men's Singles
James Ward won the title. He defeated Robby Ginepri 7–5, 6–4 in the final.


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open – Women's Doubles
Chang Kai-chen and Heidi El Tabakh were the defending champions but decided not to participate. Karolína Plíšková and Kristýna Plíšková won the title, defeating Jamie Hampton and Noppawan Lertcheewakarn 5–7, 6–2, [10–2] in the final.


2011 Odlum Brown Vancouver Open – Women's Singles
Jelena Dokić was the defending champion but decided not to participate. Aleksandra Wozniak won the title, defeating Jamie Hampton 6–3, 6–1 in the final.


2011 Ogun State gubernatorial election
The 2011 Ogun State gubernatorial election was the 7th gubernatorial election of Ogun State. Held on April 26, 2011, the Action Congress of Nigeria nominee Ibikunle Amosun won the election, defeating Tunji Olurin of the People's Democratic Party.


2011 Ogun State gubernatorial election, Results
A total of 19 candidates contested in the election. Ibikunle Amosun from the Action Congress of Nigeria won the election, defeating Tunji Olurin from the People's Democratic Party. Valid votes was 729,671, votes cast was 764,384, 34,713 votes was cancelled.


2011 Ohio Bobcats football team
The 2011 Ohio Bobcats football team represented Ohio University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bobcats were led by seventh-year head coach Frank Solich and played their home games at Peden Stadium. They were a member of the East Division of the Mid-American Conference (MAC). Ohio finished the season 10–4, 6–2 in MAC play to be champions of the East Division. They represented the division in the MAC Championship Game where they lost to Northern Illinois. They were invited to the Famous Idaho Potato Bowl where they defeated Utah State for their first bowl victory in school history.


2011 Ohio Issue 2
The Ohio Collective Bargaining Limit Repeal appeared on the November 8, 2011 general election ballot in the state of Ohio as a veto referendum. Senate Bill 5 (SB5) was repealed by Ohio voters after a campaign by firefighters, police officers and teachers against the measure, which would have limited collective bargaining for public employees in the state. The formal title of the proposal that this measure nullified is Senate Bill 5. Among other provisions, SB 5 would have prevented unions from charging fair share dues to employees who opt out. The process to place the referendum on the ballot for voters to decide was completed by supporters, as signatures were certified by the Ohio Secretary of State. The group behind the referendum effort was the political action committee We Are Ohio.


2011 Ohio Issue 2
Senate Bill 5 would have impacted the state's 400,000 public workers, restricting their ability to strike and collectively bargain. The bill would have limited public employees to collectively bargain for wages, preventing them from collectively bargaining for health insurance and pensions. It would also have prohibited all public employees from striking and could have increased employee contributions for pensions and healthcare.


2011 Ohio Issue 2
According to reports, the measure's language was decided on August 3, 2011. A "yes" vote was a vote to keep the law, while a "no" vote was a vote to repeal the law. Interests raised more than $30 million for the campaign.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Enactment of SB 5
The Ohio State Senate passed Senate Bill 5 with a vote of 17-16, sending the measure to the Ohio House of Representatives for a similar vote. According to reports, on March 28, 2011, the chamber was preparing to vote on the proposal. State Representative Bob Hagan stated that the measure was most likely going to be voted on by March 30, 2011On that day, Senate Bill 5 passed the House by a margin of 53-44. The house-modified bill was referred back to the senate where it was approved before being sent to the Governor's desk. It was then signed into law on March 31, 2011


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Referendum process
Supporters collected about 3,000 signatures during the weekend of April 1, 2011, more than enough to turn in to the Ohio Secretary of State's office for the first step of the referendum process. A minimum of 1,000 valid signatures are required to launch a referendum. The first batch was turned in on April 4, 2011, according to reports. The Secretary of State verified the submitted signatures on April 15, 2011. The verification launched the second part of the referendum process.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Referendum process
According to state law, referendum supporters have until June 30, 2011, 90 days after the targeted law is signed by the state governor, to collect additional signatures. A total of 231,149 signatures must be collected from registered voters; equal to 6 percent of the total number of voters in the 2010 gubernatorial election. Additionally, those signatures must come from at least half of the 88 counties in the state.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Referendum process
The Ohio Secretary of State had until July 26, 2011 to verify signatures once they were turned in.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Referendum process
The proposal then went to the . The board then had total control over how the measure will be presented to voters.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Signature gathering
On June 17, 2011, less than two weeks before the petition drive deadline, supporters announced the collection of 714,137 signatures. Previously, on May 20, 2011, supporters claimed that they had collected approximately 214,000 signatures. We Are Ohio spokeswoman Melissa Fazekas stated that a sampling of those signatures showed a validation rate of about 60 percent. According to reports, the group must collect 400,000 signatures at that rate in order for the measure to make the ballot. According to Fazekas at the time: "Our goal is to collect between 450,000 and 500,000 [signatures]."


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Signature submission
In a record breaking performance, referendum proponents submitted a grand total of 1,298,301 signatures to the Ohio Secretary of State on June 29, 2011 in a parade marching towards the secretary's offices. This breaks the previously held record of 812,978 signatures in 2008 for a constitutional amendment allowing a casino resort in Clinton County.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Signature verification
According to Matt McClellan, spokesperson for the Ohio Secretary of State:  "The next step the signatures have to be verified. The secretary's office receives the petitions and we will take an inventory of them. Then we send them out to the proper county boards of election. They have the signatures on file."


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Signature verification
44 of the state's counties must have three percent of the signatures of those who voted in the 2010 gubernatorial election.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Signature verification
According to reports as of July 17, 2011, the proponents appeared to have enough signatures for the ballot. Although not all numbers had been verified, some counties recorded a high amount of verification rates.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Signature verification
The proposal was then certified on July 21, 2011 by the Ohio Secretary of State.


2011 Ohio Issue 2, Path to the ballot, Signature verification
Of the more than 1.3 million signatures submitted by supporters, the secretary of state's office certified 915,456 for an approximately 70.5% validation rate. The Ballot Board, which is given the responsibility of crafting ballot language,  met on August 3, 2011.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The 2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented Ohio State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Buckeyes were coached by Luke Fickell on an interim basis following the resignation of Jim Tressel as head coach. The Buckeyes played their home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio and are members of the Big Ten Conference in the Leaders Division.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
Amid significant adversity due to Tressel's abrupt departure and an NCAA investigation, the Buckeyes finished with their first non-winning season since 1999, at 6–7. They also finished 3–5 in the Big Ten, placing them fourth in the Leaders Division—only their sixth losing record in conference play since the end of World War II. They lost the 2012 Gator Bowl to Florida, 24–17.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Before the season, Previous season
Expectations were high in 2010 as Jim Tressel and Ohio State started the season ranked #2 and poised for another National Championship run. With #1 Alabama losing to South Carolina, Ohio State was voted #1 on October 10, 2010. However, the Buckeyes were defeated by #16 Wisconsin on October 16, effectively ending their hopes at a national championship bid. The OSU football season finished with the team posting a 12–1 record, which includes a 38–10 victory over Indiana that gave Tressel his 100th win at Ohio State and a 31–26 victory over #8 Arkansas in the Sugar Bowl. 2010 resulted in a sixth straight conference title as well as securing a #5 final ranking.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Before the season, Previous season
The first five games of the season were played without the participation of five players: Terrelle Pryor, DeVier Posey, Mike Adams, Solomon Thomas, and Boom Herron. These players were part of a scandal that involved selling memorabilia to the owner of a Columbus tattoo parlor. On March 8, 2011, it was reported that Tressel knew about it as early as April 2010 through an anonymous e-mail. As of result, Tressel received a two-game suspension for failing to notify authorities of the players' wrongdoings.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Before the season, Previous season
Tressel later decided to sit out the first five games in order to allow him to face the adversity with the five players. On May 30, 2011, Tressel tendered his resignation from the head coaching position. Assistant head coach Luke Fickell, who was to take over during Tressel's suspension, was named interim head coach. On June 8, returning starting Quarterback Terrelle Pryor announced his intention to forgo his senior season, "in the best interest of [his] teammates," in light of his suspension and ongoing investigation by the NCAA.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Before the season, Previous season, NFL Draft early entries
Terrelle Pryor – Junior Quarterback (NFL Supplemental Draft – Third Round to the Oakland Raiders)


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Before the season, Transfers out
Sam Longo – Redshirt Sophomore Offensive Lineman (University of Cincinnati)


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Before the season, Transfers out
James Louis – Redshirt Freshman Wide Receiver (Florida International University)


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Before the season, Transfers out
James Jackson – Redshirt Sophomore Wide Receiver (Grand Valley State University)


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Akron
The first game of the Luke Fickell era began with an opening drive defensive stop and a touchdown run by starting quarterback Joe Bauserman. Both teams struggled on offense through the first quarter, with the score only amounting to 7–0 Ohio State. Midway through the second quarter, the Buckeyes put together a 12 play drive that resulted in a Bauserman to Jake Stoneburner touchdown pass, increasing the Buckeyes lead to 14–0. Before the end of the half, Ohio State was able to score another touchdown on a Bauserman to Stoneburner pass, and going into halftime Ohio State led 21–0.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Akron
The heat throughout the game caused problems not only for the players, but also for the referees, band members, and fans in attendance with temperatures reaching almost 100 °F. The second half saw another big offensive start with the third touchdown pass from Bauserman to Stoneburner, advancing the Buckeyes lead to 28–0. Throughout the rest of the second half, freshman Braxton Miller took most of the offensive snaps at quarterback, compiling 1 touchdown pass along with 130 yard, compared to Bauserman's 163. Ohio State won the game 42–0, their first shutout since October 23, 2010 against Purdue. Ohio State opened their 2011 season 1–0, and giving Fickell his first win as the Ohio State head coach.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Toledo
Ohio State continued their 2011 season with a home match up against in-state foe Toledo. The game started out well for the Buckeyes, as it did with Akron the week before. Joe Bauserman completed a touchdown pass to Jake Stoneburner, his fourth touchdown reception of the year, and Ohio State quickly went up 7–0. However, throughout the rest of the first quarter, Toledo would dominate, with a blocked punt and an eventual touchdown resulting. (This touchdown would be the first points Toledo scored against Ohio State in three games.)


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Toledo
A 66-yard reception by Eric Page allowed Toledo to take a 15–7 lead heading into the second quarter. Toledo committed 14 penalties on the day for 109 yard, allowing Ohio State to make big plays resulting and capitalize on plays which were broken up. Heading into the second quarter, Ohio State received the momentum back from Toledo, with a 36 touchdown run from Carlos Hyde and a 45-yard punt return from Chris Fields. After a sloppy first half by both teams, Ohio State went into halftime with a 21–15 lead.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Toledo
Ohio State again started off the second half slow, allowing the Rockets to score a touchdown on their opening drive of the half, and allowing them to take the lead again, 22–21. The one-point Toledo lead held up for most of the third quarter, until another touchdown run by Hyde, and a subsequently missed two-point conversion, gave Ohio State a five-point, 27–22 lead. No more scoring took place during the rest of the game for both teams, with a defensive battle ensuing in the fourth quarter. The game came down to a final play, with a Toledo fourth and six on the Ohio State 17. Terrance Owens was unable to complete the pass, coming five yards short and the Buckeyes were able to escape with a victory, allowing them to go 2–0 on the season.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Miami (Florida)
Ohio State's first road game of the season took them to south Florida for a rematch against the Miami Hurricanes who they faced in the 2010 season, as well as the 2003 Fiesta Bowl, beating them both times. The game did not start well for the Buckeyes, with a bad opening offensive drive, giving Miami good field position. The Hurricanes quickly drove down the field 63 yards and scored their first points of the game on a Jacory Harris touchdown pass.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Miami (Florida)
Later in the quarter, Miami again drove down the field for another Harris touchdown pass, giving the Hurricanes a 14–0 lead at the end of the first quarter. The second quarter saw the momentum swing in favor of Ohio State, with two drives heading deep into Miami territory, however, once in the red zone, the Buckeyes were unable to capitalize and had to settle for two short range field goals by Drew Basil, bringing them closer in the games and giving Miami only a 14–6 lead.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Miami (Florida)
However a field goal at the end of the first half gave Miami a two-possession lead heading into halftime. The second half of the game saw little offense, with both the Buckeyes' defense dominating the Hurricanes and keeping them out of Ohio State territory, as well at the Buckeye offense continuing to struggle to get any kind of rhythm. Miami was able to score a touchdown with 0:33 remaining in the game, giving them a 24–6 lead—the final score of the game. The game was the first non-conference loss since the September 12, 2009 loss against the University of Southern California.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Colorado
Ohio State came off their previous week's loss to Miami with a home game against the Colorado Buffaloes. For the first time during the season, freshman quarterback Braxton Miller received the start, only the third time Ohio State started a freshman at that position. The second offensive drive of the first quarter saw the Buckeyes move the ball 43 yards down the field and score on a Jordan Hall touchdown run. A Drew Basil field goal later on in the quarter gave Ohio State a 10–0 lead early on in the game.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Colorado
Colorado's special teams, as well as the number of penalties which they drew, allowed Ohio State to have relatively good field position throughout the game, averaging a start around their 50-yard line. Ohio State took advantage of the field position with a touchdown pass from Miller to Devin Smith, giving Ohio State a 17–0 lead. Colorado eventually drove down the field on their next possession and scored on an 11-yard touchdown reception, narrowing the score to 17–7. A field goal before the end of the half allowed Ohio State to go into the locker room with a 20–7 lead.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Colorado
The third quarter saw a back and forth between the both teams, with Ohio State still dominating. Another Miller to Smith touchdown reception put Ohio State up 27–7, while Colorado continued to stay in the game with an Oliver field goal. Basil would kick a field goal to end the third quarter, as well as starting the fourth, and gave Ohio State a 37–10 lead late in the game. A late Colorado touchdown was the last score of the game, as the favored Buckeyes beat Colorado 37–17, rebounding after their previous week's loss to Miami, as Ohio State moved to 3–1 on the season.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Michigan State
On a cold rainy day in Columbus, Ohio, the Ohio State Buckeyes opened their 2011 Big Ten Conference campaign against the Michigan State Spartans. Both teams were unable to score on their opening possessions of the ballgame. Michigan State opened the scoring with a 33-yard pass from Kirk Cousins to B.J. Cunningham, giving the Spartans a 7–0 lead. Throughout the first quarter both teams would trade field position as both defenses stepped up to the occasion to stop the opposing team.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Michigan State
Michigan State found themselves deep in Ohio State territory late in the second quarter, however, an interception by Cousins, one of three Michigan State turnovers on the day, would allow Ohio State to enter halftime only down by a score of 7–0. The rain and windy conditions made the game much more of a defensive battle than expected. Throughout the third quarter and the rest of the second half, both teams continued to trade field position and come up with stops on defense.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Michigan State
A missed 51-yard field goal by Dan Conroy allowed the Buckeyes and their struggling offense to have a shot at tying the game, however, with Joe Bauserman replacing Braxton Miller at QB, Ohio State was unable to move the ball. Michigan State extended their lead by 3 with a 50-yard field goal from Conroy, giving the Spartans a 10–0 advantage. A late touchdown by the Buckeyes would do little to help their effort as Ohio State went on to lose the game 10–7. This was Ohio State's first 0–1 start in Big Ten play since 2004, as well as their first loss to Michigan State since 1999.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Nebraska
In the first match up between the Buckeyes and Cornhuskers since the 1950s, Ohio State went into Lincoln hoping to win and rebound after their previous week's loss to Michigan State. Ohio State struggling offense came out with some fire, driving down the field on their first drive for a Drew Basil field goal, giving Ohio State an early 3–0. With Nebraska kicking a field goal a few minutes later, the game was tied midway through the first quarter at 3–3.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Nebraska
A Braxton Miller to Jake Stoneburner touchdown at the end of the quarter gave Ohio State a 10–3 lead and the momentum. The second quarter continued the Ohio State dominance with a 63-yard touchdown run from Carlos Hyde and an exchange of field goals between the two teams, allowing the Buckeyes to go into halftime with a 20–6 lead. The second half of the game began very well for the Buckeyes with another Hyde touchdown, giving Ohio State their largest lead at 27–6.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Nebraska
However, a Braxton Miller fumble, which allowed Nebraska to score their first touchdown of the game in the third quarter, as well as an ankle injury by Miller, eventually gave the Cornhuskers the momentum back down the stretch of the game. Another Nebraska touchdown at the end of the third quarter allowed the Cornhuskers to cut it to a 7-point game, 27–20, going into the fourth quarter. Two fourth-quarter touchdowns, both by Rex Burkhead, allowed Nebraska to receive their first lead of the night, pushing them to the victory, and the largest comeback in school history. With the loss, Ohio State dropped to 3–3 and 0–2 in the Big Ten for the first time since the 1988 season.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Illinois
Ohio State came into the season match up with the undefeated Illinois Fighting Illini coming off two consecutive losses for the first time since the 2004 season. As with the last game against Nebraska, Ohio State opened the game with a primarily running attack on their first drive, with the return of star running back Dan Herron from suspension. Ohio State began the game with a Drew Basil 43-yard field goal, giving them a 3–0 lead.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Illinois
Throughout the rest of the first half, both teams would exchange field position and punts with no more scoring or offensive production coming from either team. Going into halftime, Ohio State still held a 3–0 lead, with Illinois receiving the ball first in the second half. An interception by Ohio State early on in the third quarter, set up Ohio State inside the Illinois red-zone, and the eventual Herron touchdown. After no more scoring throughout the third quarter, Ohio State went into the fourth quarter with only a 10–0 lead.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Illinois
An early touchdown pass from Braxton Miller to Jake Stoneburner gave Ohio State their largest lead at 17–0. Following the touchdown, a very long, 16 play drive by Illinois, which resulted in a touchdown, ended the Ohio State shutout thus far, and put Illinois back in the game. A few defensive stops, coupled with the offense running down the clock, clinched the victory for the Buckeyes. With the victory, Ohio State moved to 4–3 on the season and 1–2 in the Big Ten, their first Big Ten victory of the season.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Wisconsin
Ohio State entered their 2011 homecoming game following a bye week, with their opponent being the Wisconsin Badgers, who were the only team to defeat the Buckeyes in the 2010 season. The game opened with neither team scoring on their opening possession. Wisconsin's high-powered run-and-pass attack struck first midway through the first quarter with a touchdown reception from Montee Ball giving Wisconsin an early 7–0 lead.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Wisconsin
Led on many parts by the mistakes of the Badgers, the Buckeyes were able to penetrate Wisconsin's side of the field, especially late in the second quarter, where a Drew Basil field goal cut the Wisconsin lead to 7–3 going into halftime. With the opening of the third quarter, Braxton Miller and the Ohio State offense were able to drive down the field, capped off with a 1-yard touchdown run from Miller, which gave the Buckeyes their first lead of the night at 10–7.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Wisconsin
After a Wisconsin blocked punt on their next possession, Ohio State was able to drive the ball into the end zone again with a Jordan Hall two-yard run and gave Ohio State a 17–7 lead. Wisconsin quickly responded with the next drive and the ensuing touchdown from Ball, his second on the day, cut the game back down to a 17–14 affair. Ohio State held the lead going into the fourth quarter and quickly was able to increase their lead with another Basil field goal.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Wisconsin
As the quarter quickly ticked away, Miller was able to break away on a quarterback run and go in for the touchdown. With the failed two-point conversion, Ohio State firmly held a 26–14 lead with a little under five minutes remaining in the game. Wisconsin quickly drove down the field to score a touchdown in only 0:58 cutting the Ohio State lead to 26–21. With Ohio State unproductive on their ensuing possession, Wisconsin received the ball back and again drove down the field quickly to score, in only 1:18, with their two-point conversion good.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Wisconsin
Ohio State trailed 29–26, and with a short field to work with, Miller and the offense took the field. With a little under forty seconds remaining in the game, Miller completed a 40-yard touchdown pass Devin Smith, and sealed the victory for Ohio State. With the win, the Buckeyes put themselves into position to earn a trip to the inaugural Big Ten championship game and moved to 2–2 in the Big Ten, after starting 0–2.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Indiana
After the Buckeyes victory of Wisconsin, Ohio State remained at home to face an intra-divisional team in the Indiana Hoosiers. Ohio State began the game slowly, allowing an Indiana field goal, quickly followed by a five-yard touchdown run within the first ten minutes of the game, giving the Hoosiers a 10–0 lead. On the next possession, Braxton Miller quickly cut down the Indiana lead with an 81-yard touchdown run, one of the longest by runs by a quarterback in Ohio State history.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Indiana
Heading into the second quarter Indiana still held a 10–7, however two Drew Basil field goals allowed the Buckeyes to take their first lead of the day at 13–10. With 4:30 remaining in the first half, Indiana was able to capitalize and kick a 25-yard field goal, tying the game at 13–13 going into halftime. Dan Herron made his presence known again in the game quickly to start the third quarter with a 15-yard touchdown run, giving Ohio State the lead back at 20–13.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Indiana
However, the back-and-forth match continued at Indiana drove down the field to score a touchdown in response on a Robertson to Hughes reception. Another Miller touchdown run would give Ohio State the 27–20 lead going into the fourth quarter, as well as the momentum. Led by the defense, Ohio State was able to rally in the fourth quarter and allowed Ohio State the get the sealing touchdown with a little over two minutes remaining in the game, which gave the Buckeyes the 34–20 lead and improved their record to 6–3 on the season.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Purdue
In their first visit to West Lafayette since their 2009 loss, the Buckeyes looked for their fourth straight win and first at Ross–Ade Stadium since 2007. The game started for the Buckeyes like the previous week's match up versus Indiana. A 19-yard field goal from Wiggs and four-yard touchdown run gave Purdue a 10–0 lead which they held through the entirety of the first quarter. A 38-yard touchdown reception from Miller to Hall gave the Buckeyes some offensive spark as they cut the score down to 10–7.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Purdue
However, another Purdue touchdown would give Purdue a commanding 17–7 lead with 3:19 left in the second quarter, a lead which they would take into halftime. With the Ohio State defense making crucial stops in the second half, Ohio State was able to get the ball back and score on their first possession in the second half with a 6-yard Braxton Miller touchdown run, giving Purdue now only a 17–14 lead. While both teams struggled with their offense, it would be Purdue who added to their lead with a 44-yard field goal, and extending their lead to 20–14.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Purdue
Ohio State was not able to get close to a score for most of the fourth quarter, however a long drive at the end of the quarter saw a Miller pass to Hall for a touchdown, tying the game at 20–20. However, with a Drew Basil blocked extra point, the game remained tied and headed into overtime. The Ohio State offense continued to struggle on their overtime possession only able to come up with a field goal, which gave them their first lead of the game at 23–20.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Purdue
The Buckeyes defense, taking the field next was unable to stop the Purdue running attack and eventually allowed a touchdown from the one-yard line to end the game and give the Boilermakers the 26–23 win. With the loss, Ohio State dropped to 6–4, losing at least four games in a season for the first time since 2004, and making the road to the Big Ten Championship Game much harder if not impossible with a 3–3 Big Ten record.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Penn State
Ohio State entered their 2011 senior day with a 6–4 record, facing a Penn State Nittany Lions team with aspirations of the Big Ten Championship Game. In the same fashion of the previous two games, Ohio State fell behind quickly in the game facing a 10–0 deficit following an early Stephfon Green touchdown run and a 43-yard field goal from Anthony Fera. Heading into the second quarter, Ohio State put together their first extended drive of the game, ending in a Braxton Miller 24-yard touchdown run cutting the Penn State lead to a 10–7 affair.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Penn State
Penn State returned the favor with a quick drive ending with another Green touchdown run, giving the Nittany Lions the 17–7 advantage midway through the second quarter. Later in the quarter, Ohio State was able to put together their second scoring drive of the game which consisted of only five plays and ended in a Jake Stoneburner touchdown reception.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Penn State
Penn State, however, was able to use the rest of the second quarter clock on a drive which put them into field goal position, Fera's 46-yard field goal was good, and allowed them to go into halftime with a 20–14, the eventual final score of the game. The second half was marred for Ohio State with the defense able to stop the Nittany Lions on the one-yard line four times for a goal line stand, but also of two costly fumbles which would end an hope of a comeback drive. The last two quarters of the game saw no scoring and allowed Penn State to exit Ohio Stadium with the 20–14 win, their first win at Ohio State since 2008, bringing Ohio State's overall record to 6–5 on the season, and 3–4 in conference play.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Regular season, Michigan
Ohio State finished its conference slate with a loss to the Wolverines under first year head coach and Ohio native Brady Hoke. The loss saw the Buckeyes' 7-year winning streak against their arch-rivals come to an end.


2011 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, 2012 Gator Bowl
The game featured Urban Meyer's former school (Florida) versus the school (Ohio State) he was about to take over as head coach.


2011 Ohio Valley Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 2011 Ohio Valley Conference Men's Basketball Tournament occurred March 2, 3, 4, and 5. All tournament games took place at Nashville Municipal Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee.


2011 Ohio Valley Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
The format for the tournament was changed, beginning with the 2011 tournament. Seeding changed to a merit-based system where the No. 1 and 2 seeds receive a double bye to the semifinals while the No. 3 and 4 seeds get a single bye to the quarterfinals (a system that has been used since 2003 in the West Coast Conference). The first round will match up the No. 5/8 and No. 6/7 seeds. The top eight eligible men's basketball teams in the Ohio Valley Conference receive a berth in the conference tournament. After the 18-game conference season, teams were seeded by conference record. The winner earned an automatic berth in the 2011 NCAA Tournament.


2011 Ohio Valley Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Seeds
Only eight Ohio Valley schools qualified for the tournament. Teams were seeded by 2010–11 Ohio Valley Conference record, with a tiebreaker system to seed teams with identical conference records.


2011 Ohio Valley Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Seeds
Through games of Feb. 26, 2011, the seeds are as follows after implementing tiebreakers:


2011 Ohio Valley Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Outcome
Morehead St. defeated Tennessee Tech, 80–73 in the final of the Ohio Valley Conference tournament in Nashville. They moved on to their second NCAA tournament in the past three years and fourth overall. In the tournament, they upset Louisville in the first round before losing to Richmond in the second round. The favorite to face Morehead St. in the finals was the #1 seed and their top rival, Murray St., but they lost to Tennessee Tech in semifinals, 64–59.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season, the 117th season of Sooner football. The team was led by two-time Walter Camp Coach of the Year Award winner, Bob Stoops, in his 13th season as head coach. They played their home games at Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium in Norman, Oklahoma. They were a charter member of the Big 12 Conference.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team
Conference play began with a win at home over the Missouri Tigers on September 24, and concluded with a loss in the annual Bedlam Series to the Oklahoma State Cowboys on December 3 in Stillwater, Oklahoma. This loss marked the first time OSU had beaten Oklahoma in nine years, the last time coming in 2002. The Sooners finished the regular season with a 9–3 record (6–3 record in the Big 12), finishing in a tie with Baylor for third place in the conference. They were invited to the Insight Bowl, where they defeated Iowa, 31–14.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team
Following the season, Ryan Broyles was selected in the 2nd round of the 2012 NFL Draft, Donald Stephenson and Jamell Fleming in the 3rd, Frank Alexander and Ronnell Lewis in the 4th, James Hanna in the 6th, and Travis Lewis in the 7th. This total number of seven ties with the total following the 2009 season as the second-most Sooners selected in the NFL Draft in the 16 years of the Stoops era, placing behind the mark of 11 following the 2004 season.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Roster
On May 19, 2011, Austin Box, a linebacker finishing his junior year at Oklahoma, was found dead in his home. El Reno Police Chief Ken Brown said officers and medics responded to a call at a house in the town about 30 miles west of Oklahoma City at about 9:25 AM concerning an unresponsive male "with unknown medical issues." Brown identified the man as Box and said he first was taken to an El Reno hospital, then transferred by air ambulance to Mercy Hospital in Oklahoma City. Box died a short time later.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Roster
Sophomore running back Jonathan Miller announced after the season opener against Tulsa that he intended to transfer from Oklahoma. Five days after Miller announced he would be transferring, junior running back Jermie Calhoun announced he would also transfer out. On October 24, sophomore Austin Haywood announced he would also be transferring from Oklahoma at the end of the semester.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Game summaries, Texas Tech
The Red Raiders' victory over the Sooners ended Oklahoma's 39-game home winning streak, which started in 2005 after a loss to TCU in the season opener. The game was the Sooners’ first Big 12 Conference loss at Owen Field since 2001 and only the third time the team had lost at home under Bob Stoops.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma State (Bedlam Series)
The 106th Bedlam game drew the largest crowd to ever watch a Bedlam game in Stillwater, a total of 58,141 people. Coming into the game at #3 and #10, the two teams tied for the second highest average ranking (6.5) in series history, behind the 1984 matchup and tied with the 1987 game. OSU's #3 ranking was the highest it was ranked coming into the Bedlam game since 1984.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma State (Bedlam Series)
This year, Oklahoma State was looking to beat Oklahoma for the first time since 2002, while also trying to win their first outright conference title since 1948 in the three-team Missouri Valley conference. Oklahoma, on the other hand, was trying to upset OSU for the third year in a row and get their ninth Bedlam win in a row, which would also get them a share of their 8th Big 12 title and their second in a row. This was only the 5th time in the 106-year history of the Bedlam Series that OSU was ranked higher than OU going into the game. The last time was the year before, when the #14 Sooners upset the #10 Cowboys in Stillwater.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma State (Bedlam Series)
The game started out great for Oklahoma State, and pretty much stayed that way. After three punts (two by Oklahoma and one by OSU), the Cowboys finally put it into the endzone. On the following drive, OU junior QB Landry Jones was intercepted in the OSU endzone by Oklahoma State defender Broderick Brown. The Cowboys brought it all the way to the Sooner 8-yard line but were forced to settle for a field goal.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma State (Bedlam Series)
After two punts by each team, QB Jones fumbled the football at the Oklahoma State 19-yard line, and OSU DE Jamie Blatnick returned it to the Sooner 1-yard line. On the next play, sophomore RB Joseph Randle took it in for the score to make it 17–0, OSU. The second half ended at 24–3, Cowboys up by 21. The third quarter was even more lopsided than the first two. Oklahoma State scored 20 points to go into the fourth quarter up by a score of 44–3. The final score came with under 2:40 left in the game, when OU backup redshirt freshman QB Blake Bell scored on a meaningless 28-yard rushing TD.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma State (Bedlam Series)
Oklahoma QB Landry Jones' passer rating of 88 was his lowest since Oklahoma's loss to Nebraska in 2009 in his freshman season. His 250 yards was his second lowest of the season behind only his 199 yards against Florida State and his two interceptions were tied for the most of his season. Also, his 23-yard longest pass was his shortest longest pass in a game he started in his entire career. The final score of 44-10 was the most points Oklahoma State had scored and the largest margin of victory the Cowboys had had since the 1945 Bedlam game, when #6 Oklahoma State demolished unranked OU, 47–0. The win gave OSU their first Big 12 title.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Game summaries, Iowa (Insight Bowl)
Bob Stoops and assistant coach Bruce Kittle played for Iowa in a 1979 game against the Sooners.


2011 Oklahoma Sooners football team, 2012 NFL Draft
The 2012 NFL Draft was held on April 26–28, 2012 at Radio City Music Hall in New York City. The following Oklahoma players were either selected or signed as undrafted free agents following the draft.


2011 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team
The 2011 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team represented Oklahoma State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cowboys were led by seventh year head coach Mike Gundy and played their home games at Boone Pickens Stadium. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference.


2011 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team
The 2011 season was arguably the best in the Cowboys' 112-year football history. They opened the season with 10 straight wins, in the process rising to #2 in the AP Poll—the school's highest-ever ranking in a major poll. After unexpectedly losing to Iowa State in Ames, they ultimately finished the regular season 11–1, including a 44–10 win over rival Oklahoma for their first win in the Bedlam Series since 2002. They also won their first-ever Big 12 title and their first outright conference title since winning the 1948 Missouri Valley Conference title. They were invited to the Fiesta Bowl, their first-ever Bowl Championship Series bid and the second major-bowl appearance in school history, where they defeated Stanford 41–38 in overtime. The Colley Matrix, an NCAA-designated major selector, chose OSU as national champions.


2011 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team, Game summaries, Texas A&M
Oklahoma State won consecutive games for the first time at Kyle Field as Cowboys' fans chanted "Big 12, Big 12" in the final conference matchup between the two teams. Brandon Weeden threw for a school-record 483 yards.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game
The 2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, played November 18, 2011, was an NCAA college football game held between the Oklahoma State Cowboys and the Iowa State Cyclones at Jack Trice Stadium, the home stadium of Iowa State. The game had large implications as Oklahoma State controlled its own destiny for playing in the BCS National Championship Game. In a remarkable upset, Iowa State won in double overtime 37–31.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Pregame
Oklahoma State came into this game ranked #2 in the BCS and all major polls. Their dynamic air raid attack spearheaded them to a 10–0 record, the best undefeated start in school history. They came into the game averaging 51.7 points per game. The Cowboys had vaulted to #2 after #1 LSU defeated previous #2 Alabama a week earlier, and it was understood that the Cowboys would play in the BCS national championship game if they won out.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Pregame
The day before the game, a tragic plane crash occurred that killed Oklahoma State women's basketball coach Kurt Budke and his assistant Miranda Serna. The crash was said to have a huge psychological impact on the normally potent Cowboys squad. Mike Gundy stated about the crash, “Honestly, the last thing that anybody wants to do, really, is play a game.”


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Pregame
ESPN's Joe Tessitore said before the game during their broadcast, "The Oklahoma State Cowboys have arrived in Ames, Iowa with heavy hearts. These coaches and players are dealing with tragic news. Women's basketball head coach Kurt Budke and assistant coach Miranda Serna were killed in a plane crash last night. In moments, another kickoff arrives before this undefeated team while an entire university community is overcome with grief." Before the game, Jack Trice Stadium observed a brief moment of silence for the lives lost in the plane crash.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, The game
The Cowboys raced to a 24–7 lead early into the third quarter. Iowa State scored 17 unanswered points to tie the game, but quarterback Jared Barnett was intercepted with 2 minutes to go, and the Cowboys were immediately in field goal range. After the Cyclones forced a 4th-and-1 at the 20-yard line, Oklahoma State opted to try a field goal with just over a minute remaining, but the 37-yard field goal attempt by Oklahoma State kicker Quinn Sharp went wide right, forcing overtime.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, The game
There, Iowa State scored a touchdown on the first play, while Oklahoma State successfully responded with a touchdown on their own. On the first play of the second overtime, a pass by Heisman candidate Brandon Weeden was tipped and intercepted, giving Iowa State a golden opportunity to pull off the upset, which they did after a series of plays that culminated in running back Jeff Woody running into the endzone. Jubilant Iowa State fans then stormed the field.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, The game
Oklahoma State racked up 536 yards of total offense, but only gained 60 rushing yards and also committed five turnovers. It was Iowa State's first win over a team ranked sixth or higher in the AP poll.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Aftermath and impact
The game had a considerable impact on the history of college football. With Oklahoma State's loss, Alabama jumped back to second in the BCS standings, and would remain there for the rest of the season. Despite Oklahoma State throttling their rival No. 13 Oklahoma 44–10 in their final game of the regular season, it was not enough to vault them past Alabama in the BCS standings, as Alabama was controversially awarded the second berth in the BCS National Championship Game opposite LSU.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Aftermath and impact
Despite Oklahoma State finishing ahead of Alabama in the computer polls that compiled 1/3 of the BCS formula, Alabama's lead in the human polls was too large to overcome. This created the slimmest margin between two teams in the final BCS Standings. Alabama had an average score of .9419 whereas Oklahoma State had an average score of .9333.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Aftermath and impact
More controversy came from the BCS formula of this due to the fact that several head football coaches used their vote in the Coaches Poll to diminish OSU's position by voting them No. 4 or lower; among those to do so were Alabama head coach Nick Saban, former Missouri head coach Gary Pinkel, Air Force head coach Troy Calhoun, and Stanford head coach David Shaw. Alabama won the National Championship rematch with LSU 21–0. One day after the rematch, the Sporting News reported that the 2012 offseason would be spent building a playoff system.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Aftermath and impact
The rematch is cited by some as the catalyst for the movement towards the new College Football Playoff system for determining a consensus national champion in NCAA Division I FBS football, and the catalyst that marked the downfall of Les Miles at LSU. Thus, some has marked this upset as the event that led to Miles' downfall.


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Aftermath and impact
Citing the plane crash and the subsequent loss, Weeden called it "one of the hardest days in Oklahoma State history."


2011 Oklahoma State vs. Iowa State football game, Aftermath and impact
4 years later, Oklahoma State found themselves in a similar situation. They were 9–0 and ranked #8, just 3 wins away from making the College Football Playoff, and were playing on the road against Iowa State. This time, the Cowboys prevailed, coincidentally coming back from a 24–7 deficit to win 35–31. However, the Cowboys would lose their final 2 regular season games, and as a result did not make the College Football Playoff.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake
The 2011 Oklahoma earthquake was a 5.7 magnitude intraplate earthquake which occurred near Prague, Oklahoma on November 5 at 10:53 p.m. CDT (03:53 UTC November 6) in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The epicenter of the earthquake was  in the vicinity of several active wastewater injection wells. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), it was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Oklahoma; this record was surpassed by the 2016 Oklahoma earthquake. The previous record was a 5.5 magnitude earthquake that struck near the town of El Reno in 1952.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake
The quake's epicenter was approximately 44 miles (71 km) east-northeast of Oklahoma City, near the town of Sparks and was felt in the neighboring states of Texas, Arkansas, Kansas and Missouri and even as far away as Tennessee and Wisconsin. The quake followed several minor quakes earlier in the day, including a 4.7 magnitude foreshock. The quake had a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale in the area closest to the epicenter. Numerous aftershocks were detected after the main quake, with a few registering at 4.0 magnitude.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake
In March 28, 2016 the USGS released the USGS National Seismic Hazard Map which concluded that the primary cause of the earthquake in Oklahoma in 2011 was pressure on faults from cumulative effects of injecting oil drilling wastewater under high pressure into the underground. Although the 2011 earthquake was the largest on record, the USGS reported that the central and eastern U.S. (CEUS) has undergone the most dramatic increase in seismic activity in the United States since 2009 with an average of 318 earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 a year up from 24 a year from 1973 to 2008.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake
In 2015 there were 1,010 earthquakes in the CEUS region. By mid-March 2016 there were already 226 earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 and larger in the CEUS. "Earthquake rates have recently increased markedly in multiple areas of the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS), especially since 2010, and scientific studies have linked the majority of this increased activity to wastewater injection in deep disposal wells."


2011 Oklahoma earthquake, Geology
The Oklahoma Geological Survey believes the earthquake occurred along the Wilzetta Fault, which is also known as the Seminole Uplift. The Wilzetta Fault is a 55-mile (89 km) long fault zone that runs from central Pottawatomie County to the western part of Creek County. It is a strike-slip fault, where two adjacent crustal blocks slide horizontally past each other, but unlike the similar moving San Andreas Fault, the Wilzetta Fault is not located near the margins of any tectonic plates.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake, Geology
From 1972 to 2008, between two and six earthquakes were recorded annually by the USGS, however 50 were recorded in 2009. The USGS and the Oklahoma Geological Survey are installing more seismometers to better monitor the increased activity. Aftershocks from the 5.6 quake, including some that can be felt, were expected to last for months. The Oklahoma Geological Survey reported in 2011 that a minor earthquake swarm which occurred in January 2011 could possibly have been due to hydraulic fracturing, which is a process used to extract oil from oil wells. In November 2011 several geologists with the USGS that were contacted by The Huffington Post said that the 5.6 magnitude quake was not due to the mechanical process of hydraulic fracturing itself, which they said causes tremors on a much smaller scale.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake, Geology
According to the 2016 USGS report, "Earthquake rates have recently increased markedly in multiple areas of the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS), especially since 2010, and scientific studies have linked the majority of this increased activity to wastewater injection in deep disposal wells." In March 2013, an article published in the scientific journal Geology observed that "the volume of fluid injected into the subsurface related to the production of unconventional resources continues to rise" and this potentially triggered the earthquake. An issue of the Journal of Geophysical Research published in March 2014 found that a magnitude 5.0 foreshock believed to be induced by fluid injection promoted failure of the rupture plain of the November 5 mainshock.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake, Damage
Early reports indicated that U.S. Route 62 had "buckled" in three locations and that several nearby homes had major damage and there were also numerous reports of broken windows and other minor damage, mostly to residences. Some local residents reported minor masonry damage and a chimney collapsed at one residence, while a few residents near the epicenter reported a noise which sounded like thunder in the distance as the earthquake struck.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake, Damage
The Oklahoma Department of Emergency Management reported that two people suffered minor injuries, 14 homes had various levels of damage, and that Benedictine Hall at St. Gregory's University in Shawnee had one turret collapse and two others damaged, forcing the closure of the building. Sandra and Gary Ladra of Prague, suffered physical injuries and damages to their home, during the earthquake. They sued Spess Oil and Old Dominion, LLC, for compensation. In July 2017, Spess came to a confidential settlement in the case, which was before the Oklahoma Supreme Court.


2011 Oklahoma earthquake, Radar imagery
The National Weather Service (NWS) reported that weather radar detected insects, bats and birds which had apparently taken flight immediately after the quake. The NWS radar indicated that the tremors were significant enough that those animals that could leave the ground, did so.


2011 Oklahoma state budget
The Oklahoma State Budget for Fiscal Year 2011, is a spending request by Governor Brad Henry to fund government operations for July 1, 2010–June 30, 2011. Governor Henry and legislative leader approved the budget in May 2010. This was Governor Henry's eight and final budget submitted as governor.


2011 Oklahoma state budget
Figures shown in the spending request do not reflect the actual appropriations for Fiscal Year 2011, which must be authorized by the Legislature.


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Overview
Oklahoma's $6.7 billion state budget for FY2011 was approved in May 2010 and is $400 million less than the previous budget. State revenues declined almost 17% in FY2010, down approximately $945 million from FY2009. As a result, lawmakers cut state agency budgets 7.5% midway through FY2010. Then lawmakers relied on a combination of fee hikes, deferred tax credits and further cuts to state agencies (3% cut in general) to help balance the FY2011 budget. That was not, however, enough and lawmakers additionally relied on $500 million in federal stimulus money and $277 million in funds from the Constitutional Reserve Fund to balance the FY2011 state budget.


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Overview
Oklahoma has nearly $600 million remaining in its Constitutional Reserve Fund, but has limitations in using it to fill the budget shortfall. Three-eighths of the fund may be used to fill the 2010 mid-year gap, three-eighths may be used for the next fiscal year, and the remaining quarter may be used in a declared emergency by the governor with a three-quarter vote of the Legislature.


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Revenue Increases
The Governor's budget identified the following measures to increase State revenue:


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Revenue, Budgeted Revenue
Estimated tax revenue for fiscal year 2011 is $5.3 billion, an estimated decrease of 22% from FY2010 amounts of $6.8 billion:


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Revenue, Budgeted Revenue
All revenue of the $6.8 billion budget revenue breaks down as follows:


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Revenue, Collected Revenue
The following figures represent actual tax revenue collected by month for Fiscal Year 2011 and deposited within the State's General Fund:


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Revenue, Collected Revenue
Fiscal Year 2011 ended with a budget surplus over estimated revenue. The $219 million surplus was deposited into the State Constitutional Reserve Fund and may be used by the Oklahoma Legislature in future years to shore up sudden drops in tax revenues.


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Revenue, Collected Revenue
Collected General Fund revenue for fiscal year 2011 was $5.1 billion, an increase of 10.5% over FY2010 amounts of $4.6 billion:


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Spending, Requested
The projected gross state product is listed at $155 billion. The fiscal year 2011 spending represents 4.3% of GSP.


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Spending, Requested
The Governor's budget for FY2011 totals $6.9 billion in total spending requests. Percentages in parentheses indicate percentage change compared to 2010. The budget request is broken down by the following expenditures:


2011 Oklahoma state budget, Spending, Appropriations
The Oklahoma Legislature approved total appropriations for fiscal year 2011 of $6.7 billion. Percentages in parentheses indicate percentage change compared to the Governor's budget. The final appropriations are broken down by the following expenditures:


2011 Old Dominion Monarchs football team
The 2011 Old Dominion Monarchs football team represented Old Dominion University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Monarchs were led by third-year head coach Bobby Wilder and played their home games at Foreman Field at S. B. Ballard Stadium. They were in their first year as a member of the Colonial Athletic Association. They finished the season 10–3, 6–2 in CAA play, to finish in a three-way tie for second place. They received an at-large bid into the FCS playoffs, their first ever playoff berth, where they defeated Norfolk State in the first round before falling to Georgia Southern in the second round.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election
The 2011 by-election in Oldham East and Saddleworth was a by-election for the Parliament of the United Kingdom's House of Commons constituency of Oldham East and Saddleworth held on 13 January 2011. Labour Party candidate Debbie Abrahams held the seat for her party with an increased majority over the Liberal Democrats, succeeding Phil Woolas, whose victory in the 2010 general election had been declared void because he had knowingly made false statements attacking his Liberal Democrat opponent's personal character.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Background
The election was triggered on 5 November 2010 after sitting MP Phil Woolas was reported personally guilty of "knowingly making false statements" about the personal character of his Liberal Democrat opponent, Elwyn Watkins, during the 2010 general election campaign by an election court consisting of two High Court judges. In consequence, Woolas ceased to be an MP on 5 November and was banned from holding public office for three years.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Background
Woolas applied for a judicial review of the decision: his initial application was rejected, but he entered a second request for a review. Speaker of the House of Commons John Bercow stated that a date for the by-election would not be set until all legal proceedings were complete.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Background
Woolas's second request for review was heard at the High Court on 16 November 2010; the Court of Appeal announced on 3 December 2010 that, although one of the three statements on which the election court had found Woolas guilty was not within the Act, the other two were and so the judgment was upheld, after which Woolas declared "That's it – I'm out", conceding defeat and leaving the way open for the by-election.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Background
By parliamentary convention, the party who last held the seat moves the writ for the by-election, and it was rumoured that Labour planned to call the election for 3 February 2011. However, a writ for the election was instead moved for 13 January by the Liberal Democrats.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Background
The contest was the first by-election of the 2010 parliament, and the first by-election to be caused by an election court overturning the previous result since the 1997 Winchester by-election. It is also notable for being the earliest by-election in the calendar year for 55 years and the fifth-earliest since the First World War.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Candidates
The Labour Party had more than eighty members apply to be their candidate in the election. Initial frontrunner Afzal Khan was not shortlisted, and the party instead selected Debbie Abrahams from a shortlist of three. Abrahams had unsuccessfully fought to retain the Colne Valley seat at the 2010 general election after the retirement of Kali Mountford, where Labour fell from first to third place, and is married to the former Lancashire cricket captain John Abrahams. The Liberal Democrats again selected Elwyn Watkins to fight the by-election; Watkins is a former Rochdale borough councillor who had previously worked as a business advisor to a Saudi Arabian sheikh. The Conservative Party also reselected their general election candidate, Kashif Ali, a barrister from Higginshaw.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Candidates
Two other parties who stood in the general election confirmed new candidates for the by-election. The British National Party at first announced that their candidate would be party leader Nick Griffin, who had stood in neighbouring Oldham West and Royton in 2001. However Griffin was replaced by former Manchester pub landlord Derek Adams, who had contested Blackley and Broughton at the 2010 general election. The UK Independence Party nominated their new deputy leader, Paul Nuttall, who was, at the time, a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for North West England.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Candidates
Three further smaller parties which had not fought the general election put up candidates. The Green Party chose Peter Allen, from nearby Glossop; he works in an advice centre in Manchester. Stephen Morris, an official of Manchester Metrolink and trade union branch official, was announced as the candidate for the English Democrats; he is also Chairman of the party. Musician, composer and teacher Loz Kaye, who had recently become leader of the Pirate Party, was also nominated.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Candidates
Two further fringe candidates had less serious agendas. Nick Delves, who had acquired the nickname "the flying brick" after a paragliding accident, became the Official Monster Raving Loony Party candidate, while artist and poet David Bishop (founder of the Church of the Militant Elvis Party) offered himself to the electors as a 'Bus Pass Elvis' candidate.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Campaign
As the first by-election since the establishment of the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government, there was interest in whether the two parties would form a pact. Prime Minister David Cameron publicly wished Watkins well at the start of the campaign, but both parties officially rejected the idea that there was a pact, with Vince Cable of the Liberal Democrats claiming that the Tories had no chance of winning the seat, and Cameron later reminding voters that it had been a three-horse race in 2010.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Campaign
Both former Lib Dem leader Charles Kennedy and Labour Party leader Ed Miliband claimed that it was the first opportunity for voters to make their views known on the coalition, although David Cameron argued that it was instead about the actions of Woolas. Woolas himself claimed that his disqualification would help the Labour Party, as voters would object to courts overturning the election result.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Campaign
The Labour Party complained that the date of the by-election would make it difficult for students to vote, as they would not yet have returned to their studies in the constituency. However, the Liberal Democrats claimed that this would be outweighed by the number of students at their parents' houses during their holidays from universities elsewhere.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Campaign
Leaders of all three major parties campaigned in the seat in the run-up to the election, David Cameron noted that he was the first prime minister to campaign in an English by-election since 1997, when Tony Blair campaigned in the Uxbridge by-election – Gordon Brown had campaigned in 2008 for the Glenrothes by-election in Scotland. On 6 January, a week prior to the by-election, The Times endorsed the Liberal Democrats and their candidate Elwyn Watkins.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Campaign
On the last weekend of the campaign, Liberal Democrat MP and government minister Andrew Stunell issued a party press release hailing a government scheme to reuse empty homes. The scheme was only officially unveiled on the following Monday, and shadow Minister for the Cabinet Office Jon Trickett wrote to the Cabinet Secretary Sir Gus O'Donnell questioning whether Stunell's actions had broken the rules on election period 'purdah'. O'Donnell wrote back on 12 January explaining that Stunell "recognises with hindsight" that his party press release could have been linked by the public with a government spending announcement, and that Stunell had apologised for the mistake.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Campaign
Two opinion polling companies released constituency polls for the by-election on 8 January. ICM and Populus used sample sizes of 340 and 772, respectively (excluding those who refused to respond or did not specify a party). ICM's figures of Labour 44%, Liberal Democrats 27% and Conservatives 18% represented a sharp percentage decrease of 8% for the Conservatives, contrasted with a sizable 12% increase for Labour and a modest 5% decline in Liberal Democrat support since the 2010 general election, indicating a secure Labour victory in the constituency.


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Campaign
Populus' figures uncovered similar trends, recording voting intention as Labour 46%, Liberal Democrats 29% and Conservatives 15%, representing percentage changes since May 2010 of −11% for the Conservatives, +14% for Labour and −3% for the Liberal Democrats. A telephone poll by Survation reported voting intention figures of Labour 31%, Liberal Democrats 30%, Conservatives 6% and undecided 23% (note the ICM and Populus poll figures exclude undecideds), on a sample size of 293 (excluding those who refused to respond).


2011 Oldham East and Saddleworth by-election, Result
Having only narrowly retained the seat at the general election eight months earlier, Labour retained it once again but this time with a vastly increased majority, with the Liberal Democrats finishing second.


2011 Oldham Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to Oldham Council were held on 5 May 2011. One third of the council was up for election.


2011 Ole Miss Rebels football team
The 2011 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Houston Nutt, who was in his fourth season. The Rebels played their home games at Vaught–Hemingway Stadium in Oxford, Mississippi, and competed in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They finished the season 2–10, 0–8 in SEC play to finish in last place in the Western Division. On November 7, Nutt resigned as head coach effective at the end of the season.


2011 Ole Miss Rebels football team
On February 11, 2019, Ole Miss announced the vacation of all wins in the years 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2016. In 2013, all wins except the Music City Bowl were vacated. In 2014, all wins except the Presbyterian game were vacated.


2011 Ole Miss Rebels football team, Personnel, Recruiting class
Ole Miss signed the No. 18 recruiting class according to Rivals and the No. 24 recruiting class according to Scout.


2011 Omagh District Council election
Elections to Omagh District Council were held on 5 May 2011 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used three district electoral areas to elect a total of 21 councillors.


2011 Omagh District Council election, Districts results, Mid Tyrone
2005: 4 x Sinn Féin, 1 x UUP, 1 x SDLP, 1 x DUP2011: 4 x Sinn Féin, 1 x UUP, 1 x SDLP, 1 x DUP2005-2011 Change: No change


2011 Omagh District Council election, Districts results, Omagh Town
2005: 2 x Sinn Féin, 2 x Independent, 1 x DUP, 1 x UUP, 1 x SDLP2011: 2 x Sinn Féin, 2 x Independent, 1 x DUP, 1 x UUP, 1 x SDLP2005-2011 Change: No change


2011 Omagh District Council election, Districts results, West Tyrone
2005: 4 x Sinn Féin, 1 x DUP, 1 x SDLP, 1 x UUP2011: 4 x Sinn Féin, 1 x DUP, 1 x SDLP, 1 x UUP2005-2011 Change: No change


2011 Omaha Beef season
The 2011 Omaha Beef season was the twelfth season as a professional indoor football franchise and third in the Indoor Football League (IFL). One of twenty-two teams competing in the IFL for the 2011 season, the Omaha, Nebraska-based Omaha Beef were members of the Great Lakes Division of the United Conference.


2011 Omaha Nighthawks season
The 2011 Omaha Nighthawks season was the second season for the United Football League franchise.


2011 Omaha Nighthawks season, Offseason
The team fired previous head coach Jeff Jagodzinski following the 2010 season after losing the last four games and slipping out of the playoffs. Joe Moglia, an Omaha native who had originally been assigned as head coach of the expansion Virginia Destroyers, was reassigned to Omaha to replace Jagodzinski.


2011 Omaha Nighthawks season, Offseason
The Nighthawks have also changed stadiums, moving from Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium, where they spent their inaugural season, to TD Ameritrade Park in the downtown area of Omaha.


2011 Omaha Nighthawks season, Personnel, Roster
Rookies in italicsRoster updated October 19, 201151 Active, 9 Inactive


2011 Omaha Nighthawks season, Standings
z-Virginia and Las Vegas were awarded berths in the 2011 UFL Championship Game when the balance of the regular season was cancelled on October 17x-Omaha and Sacramento would play in a post-season consolation game


2011 Omani general election
General elections was held in Oman on 15 October 2011 to choose 84-members of the Consultative Assembly.


2011 Omani general election, Background
Following the self-immolation of Mohammed Bouazizi in Tunisia and the consequent 2010-2011 Tunisian uprising, protests around the Arab world for some form of democratic reforms. The Omani protests were crushed by the regime, although reforms were offered.


2011 Omani general election, Background
Sultan Qaboos bin Said then said that the Shura Council would get some legislative powers, while he also promised the initiation of programmes to create more jobs and to fight corruption.


2011 Omani general election, Voting registration
Following the protests, about 520,000 people registered for the election, which saw an increase of 388,000 from 2007.


2011 Omani general election, Candidates
According to the Oman News Agency, there were 1,300 candidates, 77 of whom were women, more than any previous election.


2011 Omani general election, Campaign
According to Al Jazeera voters sought an increase in salaries, more jobs and ending graft as part of a campaign against corruption.


2011 Omani general election, Election
Voting districts that have a population of 30,000 or more choose two MPs, while others have one MP. There were 105 polling stations. The voter turnout was 76%.


2011 Omani protests
The 2011 Omani protests (also called the Omani Spring) were a series of protests in the Persian Gulf country of Oman that occurred as part of the revolutionary wave popularly known as the "Arab Spring".


2011 Omani protests
The protesters demanded salary increases, lower living costs, the creation of more jobs and a reduction in corruption. Protests in Sohar, Oman's fifth-largest city, centered on the Globe Roundabout. The Sultan's responses included the dismissal of a third of the governing cabinet.


2011 Omani protests, Issues
Protesters demanded salary increases and lower costs of living. On 20 February 2011, protesters welcomed a move by the government to increase the minimum wage. The wage increase targets Omani workers in the private sector. Public sector Omani employees have received wage increases in the past, but the private sector was so far overlooked. The Government of Oman raised minimum wages for an estimated 150,000 private sector employees to $520 from $364 a month. As protests continued in Sohar the demands were still jobs and political reforms. The protesters also want more jobs, freedom of expression, less government control over the media, political reforms, better living conditions, an abolition of taxes and the trial of all ministers.


2011 Omani protests, Issues
Protesters in Muscat also demanded cabinet ministers not serve more than four years. In several other protests, Omanis furthered their demands by calling for a reduction of foreign workers in order to provide more jobs for Omani citizens by private companies.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Muscat protests
About 200 protesters marched on 17 January demanding salary increases and lower costs of living. The protest surprised international observers, who have viewed Oman as a "politically stable and sleepy country." Renewed protests termed as the Green March, occurred on 18 February, inspired by the serious unrest in fellow Persian Gulf state Bahrain. 350 people marched, demanding an end to corruption and better distribution of oil revenue. The protesters also carried signs with slogans of support for the Sultan. Police did not intervene in the gathering, the petition calling for the reforms will be handed to Oman's Sultan Qaboos.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Muscat protests
On 1 March, about 50 protesters held a sit-in as well outside the Consultative Assembly to demand political reform and an end to corruption. The group later grew to over 400 people. Protesters also continued to demand the Consultative Assembly be turned into a "real parliament." The protests were reported to be "peaceful, well-organised and very disciplined." Tents had been set up with separate accommodations for men and women. Placards with protest slogans had also been translated into English, French and German for the international media.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Muscat protests
On 2 April, dozens of protesters staged a sit-in in Muscat, outside the chief prosecutor's office, to demand probes into alleged state abuses after clashes with security forces a day earlier.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
On 26 February, nearly 500 protesters gathered around a shopping mall in the industrial city of Sohar, 230 kilometres from the capital Muscat. The protesters stopped traffic and shoppers around the mall premises. The shops in the area including the mall remained closed on 27 February as well.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
On 27 February, protesters returned in Sohar for a second day, hurling stones at security forces who had cordoned them off. The Royal Oman Police eventually used tear gas and rubber bullets to contain and disperse the protesters. According to witnesses, two protesters were killed.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
On 28 February, protesters looted and burned a hypermarket in Sohar. The demonstrators also blocked the entrance to Sohar port, where 160,000 barrels of oil derived products are exported. On 1 March protests continued for a fourth day as crowds in Sohar congregated at the Globe Roundabout. Eventually, the Omani army, backed by tanks, peacefully dispersed protesters blocking the Sohar port and cleared them from the main coastal highway linking Muscat to Sohar. The troops later pulled back, though five armoured vehicles continued to watch the square. The Globe Roundabout had been the site of up to 2,000 demonstrators over the past three days.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
After reports of multiple deaths, the minister of health of Oman claimed only one person had been killed and 20 wounded.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
A Facebook entitled "March 2 Uprising for Dignity and Freedom" called for further protests in all parts of Oman, beginning on 2 March, and it attracted more than 2,300 users. However, protests only occurred at the Globe Roundabout in Sohar with a smaller crowd of 50 protesters who blockaded the area. Some people had organised community policing groups to prevent more damage. The army also issued a red alert to vacate the area or threatened action. The 'Sohar Citizen Committee' as it is called has started giving out numbers of its core members to people who can call upon it in case of an emergency or riots attack.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
On 30 March, The Director of Public Prosecutions issued a statement saying that complaints were filed by some citizens about acts of rioting, vandalism and breach of public order, destruction of public and private properties, obstructing business transactions and hindering easy movement of people on the streets. Based on these complaints, he gave orders to arrest and clear all the protesters from the Globe Roundabout. The Omani army then stormed the Globe Roundabout clearing blockades and arresting a number of the protesters.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
On 1 April, following Friday prayers, hundreds of protesters took to streets demanding the release of people detained in the Public Prosecution crackdowns. The military has also stationed units around government offices and other key buildings in the city.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
At least one person was reported to have been killed in clashes between police and demonstrators The Public Prosecutor said that the army responded to the protests which had initially started off as a demonstration demanding the release of over 100 protesters detained by authorities three days before but he alleged that later involved knives and stones amidst violence that led to the arrests of 50–60 of the demonstrators. Six others were also badly injured in the incident which had initially started off as a peaceful demonstration demanding the release of over 100 protesters detained by authorities three days before.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Sohar protests
On 8 April, the Public Prosecutor's office release details and photographs of those who had been arrested. The same day, though rumours had abounded that a large number of protesters, including women and children, would take to the streets of Sohar after Friday prayers, there were no reports of protests in the local media after the Omani Army took control of the city setting-up multiple checkpoints and making arrests of protest leaders.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Other protests
On 5 March, protests in the country have spread to Haima, a key oil region about 500 km (310 mi) southwest of the capital Muscat, with oil workers staging a sit-in and calling for more government investment in the area. There were also protests in Ibri during the month.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Other protests
On 6 May, protesters returned to the streets in Salalah after Friday prayers calling for democratic reform and an end to corruption. The activists and protesters have reiterated their demands for the sacked ministers to be investigated. This was the fourth consecutive Friday to be marked by protests in Salalah. Police broke up a protest camp in Salalah on 12 May, arresting possibly over 100 demonstrators. Several dozen more protesters were attacked by baton-wielding gendarmes and arrested the next day and early into the morning of 14 May while they were demanding jobs and higher pay. The Muscat Daily reported that protesters clashed with the army in Salalah's central Al Nahda Street following the first wave of arrests. The army then fired into the air and also used tear gas to disperse the stone-throwing crowds.


2011 Omani protests, Anti-government protests, Other protests
There were also peaceful protests in various colleges in Oman demanding the reducing of pass grades in some colleges. It had affected the classes in those colleges.


2011 Omani protests, Pro-government rallies
On 1 March a rally was organised in Muscat to show support for the Sultan and his government. There were accusations that the government itself organised the rally, though at least some support was a "part genuine outpouring of affection for the sultan." However, multiple sms were sent from the state-owned Omantel network during the nights preceding the protests, urging loyalists to attend.


2011 Omani protests, Pro-government rallies
There were also continuous reports, mostly from Twitter, that supporters of the government drove around Muscat in large motorcades of up to 200 cars.


2011 Omani protests, Pro-government rallies
In early March, rallies in support of the Sultan continued to be staged.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
The Sultan of Oman cancelled a visit to India as a result of the unrest in the Arab world.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
On 26 February, the sultan reshuffled the cabinet in response to recent protests. The 84-member Shura council is elected by voters across 61 districts, but works in a purely advisory capacity and has no legislative powers. The cabinet reshuffle saw Mohammed bin Nasser al-Khasibi named commerce and industry minister, Hamoud bin Faisal al-Bousaidi as civil service minister and Madiha bint Ahmed bin Nasser as education minister.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdullah al-Harthy, the outgoing civil service minister, was appointed to head the environment ministry, while Maqboul bin Ali bin Sultan will be the new transport minister and Mohsen bin Mohammed al-Sheikh becomes tourism minister. Protesters had called upon the Sultan to remove Maqbool Bin Ali Bin Sultan from the post of commerce minister as they viewed him as corrupt and inadequate for the task of running the ministry. The Sultan also announced benefits for the students of Higher College of Technology.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
The students whose homes are 100 km away from the place of study, will be now given 90 Omani rial allowances while those living at a less than 100-km distance would get 25-rial allowance. The Royal decree issued stated the reason for the rise in these stipends as "to achieve further development and provide a decent living."


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
The Diwan of Royal Court, on the orders of the sultan, decided to set up an independent authority for consumer protection in the country. It has also been decided to study the possibility of establishing cooperative societies in the country which does not allow for formation of political parties. There are also confirmed plans to reduce the percentage contribution of civil servants in the Civil Employees Pension Fund from eight percent to seven percent of the monthly basic salary, adding to it 75 percent of the housing, electricity and water allowances.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
On 28 February, Sultan Qaboos pledged to create 50,000 government jobs, provide a monthly benefit of $390 to the unemployed and ordered a committee to draft proposals for boosting the power of an elected council that advises him on state affairs. He also promised that a legislative council would be given more powers. On 5 March, Sultan Qaboos replaced two more ministers. Khaled bin Hilal bin Saud al-Busaidi replaced Sayed Ali bin Hmud al-Busaidi as a minister of the royal court and Sultan bin Mohammed al-Numani replaced General Ali bin Majid al-Maamari as minister in the sultan's office.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
On 7 March, Sultan Qaboos issued eight royal decrees including, reshuffling once again the council of ministers and allowing for the formation of a state audit committee. Royal Decree No 38/2011 abolished the Ministry of National Economy and states that a committee shall be formed by the Council of Ministers to manage the distribution of its prerogatives, allocations, assets and employees. The ministry had been targeted by protesters for being corrupt and inefficient. On 13 March, a royal decree was announced granting "legislative and regulatory powers" to the parliament, which had previously only been a consultative body.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
The next day he fired Lieutenant General Malek Bin Sulaiman Al Ma'amari as Inspector General of the Police and Customs. On 15 March, he also issued further royal decrees to add a "cost of living allowance" to all military and security apparatus as well as all government units in Oman. The Sultan also give orders for raising the Social Insurance Pension by 100% for all the 51,442 persons registered at the Social Development Ministry. The ruling council issued a statement that condemned the "sabotage" and added that peaceful demonstrations were within "the legal rights of citizens".


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
Other responses included creating of a second public university, establishing the first Islamic bank in the region and approving Marriage Fund utility.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic
The popular response to the actions of Qaboos was said to be positive, particularly in light of the decision to grant the Council of Oman more powers. Hussain Al Abry, who was a lone protester against Oman Television for four days, said that "Sixty to 80 percent of demands have already been met so there is no reason to continue protesting."


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic, Apolitical
The Muscat Securities Market's main index fell 4.9 percent. Neighbouring United Arab Emirates' two main stock markets in Dubai and Abu Dhabi also fell as the instability moved to the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, Domestic, Apolitical
The Sohar Industrial Port Company said that the local port's functions were never disrupted by more than a few hours during periods of traffic problems caused by the protests.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, International
Gulf Cooperation Council members agreed to provide Oman with an aid plan similar to the Marshall plan, consisting of $10 billion aimed at upgrading housing and infrastructure over a period of 10 years. They also agreed that they would give more preference to GCC-member state nationals while hiring individuals.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, International
India – The embassy issued a notice to all their citizens currently residing in Oman (estimated at more than 300,000) to register themselves with the embassy. It also requested them to avoid taking part in any pro-government or anti-government rallies and steer clear of any kind of trouble.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, International
Netherlands – Queen Beatrix had originally postponed a state visit to Oman amidst the crisis. The visit later went ahead but was downgraded to a private visit amidst several political parties expressing concern the royal could be seen as supportive of the unelected sultan. Parliament will debate the matter on Tuesday.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, International
United Kingdom – The British embassy in Oman issued a notice to all British citizens in the country to avoid visiting Sohar as the situation in the city was tense.


2011 Omani protests, Responses, International
United States – The U.S. State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley told reporters the U.S. encouraged the government of Oman to show restraint and resolve differences through dialogue. "We have been in touch with the government and encouraged restraint and to resolve differences through dialogue. We are encouraged by the recent steps toward reform taken by the government of Oman, and we strongly encourage the government to implement reforms that increase economic opportunity and move toward greater inclusion and participation in the political process."


2011 Omani protests, Responses, International
Amnesty International has requested and urged the Omani government to show restraint while dealing with protesters.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season
The 2011 season for Omega Pharma–Lotto began in January with the Tour Down Under, where defending champion André Greipel debuted for the team, and ended in October at the Giro di Lombardia. As a UCI ProTeam, they were automatically invited and obligated to send a squad to every event in the UCI World Tour. The team's roster changed drastically from 2010.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season
The team had 28 victories in 2011, which by itself is an impressive total as it tied them with Team RadioShack and Team Sky for third-most among the major teams, behind only HTC–Highroad and Liquigas–Cannondale. But the caliber of the bulk of those victories set team Omega Pharma-Lotto apart. Team leader Philippe Gilbert won four races in ten days in April, including all three Ardennes classics, as well as five other races that counted toward the UCI World Tour rankings (and a further nine that did not), marking this as a truly dominant year for the Belgian.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season
He handily won the individual World Tour crown, with his points total more than that of over half the teams in the standings. Thanks mostly to Gilbert, Omega Pharma-Lotto also won the World Tour team award. Greipel also proved a reasonably prolific winner, winning eight races on the season, three of which counted toward the World Tour rankings.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season
The other major story for the team in 2011 was the rift of its two title sponsors. Omega Pharma, through their various product names, and the Belgian national lottery had sponsored the team since 2005, but it was announced relatively early in the 2011 season that they would not remain together after 2011, having different visions for the continuation of the team. Both remain as cycling sponsors, with Omega Pharma moving on to the newly branded Omega Pharma–Quick-Step in 2012 and the Belgian lottery adding Ridley to this formation, to be known as Lotto–Belisol, for 2012.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season, One-day races, Spring classics
In March, Gilbert won Montepaschi Strade Bianche by performing a very late-race attack, a tactic that has earned him most of his professional victories. While Gilbert's attacks, when successful, usually get him away alone, this time he had to deal with Alessandro Ballan and Damiano Cunego, who were able to follow. The three decided the race a few bike lengths ahead of the rest of the 20-strong leading group, with Gilbert coming across the line ahead of Ballan and then Cunego.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season, One-day races, Spring classics
At the first monument race of the season, Milan – San Remo, Gilbert was considered a strong favorite victory, largely due to his win on the Strade Bianche. Greipel also rode, as the team's "Plan B" for victory, but after his injurious crash in the Tirreno–Adriatico, he was not thought to be on the best form.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season, One-day races, Spring classics
Omega Pharma-Lotto was one of two teams, along with BMC Racing Team, left with more than three riders present in the leading group on the road after a crash on the Le Manie climb 90 km (56 mi) from the finish split the field into two large groups. Roelandts and Greipel both took pulls on the front of the leading group, indicating that Greipel was not on sufficient form to ride for the win himself.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season, One-day races, Spring classics
Little by little, the leading group that had once been 44 dwindled to only eight, a select group that formed on the Poggio just a few kilometers from the finish. Gilbert tried twice to attack and solo his way to victory, once on the Poggio and once again on the finishing straight in San Remo, but he was chased down by Filippo Pozzato. While he had a gap for a brief moment in the final few meters in San Remo, both Fabian Cancellara and race winner Matthew Goss were able to pass him, leaving Gilbert third. After the race, Gilbert criticized Pozzato for chasing him down, and said that with Goss in the leading group it would have been nearly impossible for him to win.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season, One-day races, Spring classics
In April, Gilbert had one of the most dominant two-week periods any rider ever has. First, he took the win at Brabantse Pijl, a race seen as a precursor to the Ardennes classics. He and compatriot Björn Leukemans attacked out of what had been a leading group of ten, and stayed clear to the finish where Gilbert won the sprint. Next was the Amstel Gold Race, the first of the Ardennes classics. Gilbert came in as the defending champion, and a strong favorite.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season, One-day races, Spring classics
He rode a tactically sound race, staying at the front through the many selections over the 31 recognized climbs in the race. After Andy Schleck launched an attack for victory on the Keutenberg, 12 km (7.5 mi) from the finish, Gilbert and Team Katusha's Joaquim Rodríguez were among the group that overtook him on the Cauberg, the final climb. Gilbert's final finishing kick got him clear of Rodríguez by two seconds, earning him the race win for the second year in a row. Team Sky's Simon Gerrans was third.


2011 Omega Pharma–Lotto season, One-day races, Spring classics
One post-race analysis opined that Gilbert's race demonstrated that he is the best rider in the world on a short uphill finish. Gilbert was the first rider since Rolf Järmann in 1998 to be a repeat winner of the Amstel, and the first since Jan Raas in 1980 to win consecutive editions. The second Ardennes classic was La Flèche Wallonne. Gilbert was mentioned among the contenders, but the Mur de Huy climb at the finish being steeper than anything covered by the Amstel, pre-race analysis viewed Rodríguez, Alberto Contador, and Robert Gesink, among others, as bigger favorites.