2011 Isle of Man TT
The 2011 Isle of Man TT Festival was scheduled to be held between Monday 30 May and Friday 10 June 2011 on the 37.73-mile Snaefell Mountain Course in the Isle of Man. The main celebration for the 2011 Isle of Man TT Races the Milestones of the Mountain Course special parade lap held on 10 June 2011 to commemorate the centenary of the Isle of Man TT Mountain Course included the former FIM World Champions Giacomo Agostini and Phil Read. The 2011 Isle of Man TT Festival also included the Pre-TT Classic Races on 27, 28 and 30 May 2011 and the Post-TT Races on 11 June 2011 and both events held on the Billown Circuit.


2011 Isle of Man TT
The Blue Riband event of the 2011 TT Race week the Senior TT was delayed several hours after a heavy rain shower in the Ramsey area of the Mountain Course. The Senior TT was won by John McGuinness and after also winning the Superbike TT Race raised to 17 wins his tally of Isle of Man TT victories. The Supersport TT Race 1 was reduced to 3 laps (113.00 miles) and after a tactical battle was won by the New Zealand competitor Bruce Anstey.


2011 Isle of Man TT
The Supersport TT Race 2 produced a first win for Gary Johnson and the sidecar crew John Holden/Andrew Winkle also scored a popular maiden win in the second Sidecar TT Race. After dominating Sidecar TT practice the former Austrian World Sidecar Champion Klaus Klaffenböck scored his third Isle of Man TT win in the Sidecar TT Race 1. The Superstock TT Race for production motorcycles was won by Michael Dunlop. In the TT Zero race for battery powered electric motor driven motorcycles the American MotoCzysz team won for the second year and the race time for Michael Rutter falling slightly short of the coveted 100 mph average lap speed.


2011 Isle of Man TT
During the second practice session the sidecar crew of Bill Currie/Kevin Morgan crashed fatally at Ballacrye Corner. The former 2007 Junior Manx Grand Prix winner Derek Brien died in an accident at Gorse Lea during lap 1 of the Supersport TT Race 1, and the race was red-flagged after the incident and re-run later in the day.


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 Superbike TT final standings.
Fastest Lap: Bruce Anstey – 131.379 mph (17' 13.88) on lap 1.


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 Sidecar TT Race 1 TT final standings
Fastest Lap: John Holden/Andrew Winkle – 114.861 mph (19' 42.55) on lap 3.


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 Supersport Junior TT Race 1
6 June 2011 3 Laps (113.00 Miles) Mountain Course. Reduced Race Distance


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 Supersport Junior TT Race 1
Fastest Lap: Bruce Anstey – 126.595 mph (17' 52.94) on lap 3.


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 Superstock TT final standings.
Fastest Lap: Michael Dunlop – 129.709 mph (17' 27.17) on lap 4.


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 Supersport Junior TT Race 2 Mountain Course.
Fastest Lap: Gary Johnson – 125.892 mph (17' 58.92) on lap 2.


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 Sidecar TT Race 2 TT final standings
Fastest Lap: Klaus Klaffenböck/Dan Sayle – 114.672 mph (19' 44.50) on lap 2.


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 TT Zero Race
Fastest Lap: Michael Rutter – 99.604 mph (22' 43.68) on lap 1.


2011 Isle of Man TT, Results, Race results, 2011 Senior TT final standings.
Fastest Lap: John McGuinness – 131.248 mph (17' 14.89) on lap 4.


2011 Israeli Basketball League Cup
The 2011 Israeli Basketball League Cup was the 6th edition of the Israeli Basketball League Cup pre-season tournament. It was played between October 9 and October 13 at Malha Arena in Jerusalem. Maccabi Tel Aviv has won the cup after beating Hapoel Holon 78-74 in the final. MVP was Lior Eliyahu (Maccabi Tel Aviv).


2011 Israeli Basketball League Cup, Tournament Bracket
The teams were seeded according to their last season standings.


2011 Israeli Labor Party leadership election
Following the departure of Ehud Barak from the membership and leadership of the Israeli Labor Party, a leadership election was called.


2011 Israeli Labor Party leadership election, Election rules
Leadership elections in the Israeli Labor Party happen in a two round vote, with the two leading candidates from the first round advancing into a run-off. If a candidate wins over 40% of the vote in the first round, he wins automatically and the second round is cancelled.


2011 Israeli Labor Party leadership election, Results
Yachimovich was thus elected leader of the party, becoming the second female leader of the party since Golda Meir, who was elected leader of Mapai in 1969 and automatically became leader of the Labor Party upon the merger of Mapai with Rafi and Ahdut HaAvoda.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations
The 2011 Israeli border demonstrations started on 15 May 2011, to commemorate what the Palestinians observe as Nakba Day. Various groups of people attempted to approach or breach Israel's borders from the Palestinian-controlled territory, Lebanon, Syria, Egypt and Jordan. At least a dozen people were killed when protesters attempted to cross the border from Syria.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations
On 5 June 2011, there were further protests on the border with Syria and, according to Syrian authorities, 23 protesters were killed and 350 wounded by live fire from Israeli forces, though Israeli sources suggested these figures were exaggerated. Israeli army spokesman Yoav Mordechai accused Syria of creating "a provocation" at the border to distract attention from the Syrian government's crackdown on the Syrian uprising.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events
Inspired by the uprisings and revolutions taking place in the Arab world, Palestinians used Facebook to call for mass protests throughout the region on 15 May 2011 Nakba Day. A page calling for a "Third Palestinian Intifada" to begin on 15 May was started on 9 March 2011, garnered more than 350,000 "likes" before being taken down by Facebook managers at the end of March after complaints from the Israeli government as well as a counter group which repeatedly requested Facebook to block the page on the grounds that it incited violence. The page called for mass marches to Israel and Palestinian Authority from Egypt, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan to commemorate the Nakba and demand the right of return for all Palestinian refugees.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Egypt
Organizers in Egypt had been preparing for weeks to implement the calls made on Facebook for a mass march to the border. On Saturday 14 May, thousands were planning to make their way toward the Rafah crossing with Gaza in convoys set to depart from Cairo, Alexandria, Suez, Damietta, North Sinai, Gharbiya, Beni Suef, Assiut, Qena and Sohag. However, an order from the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces to tourism companies not to send buses to the convoy organizers left them without sufficient transportation and the few buses they did manage to procure were stopped by the army. The blockage of access by Egyptian forces to the Sinai Peninsula, meant that only about 80 activists managed to reach the border with Rafah.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Jordan
In Jordan, 200 Palestinian students attempted to march towards the Israeli border, but were restrained by Jordanian security forces resulting in the injury of six people. They were part of a larger group of 500 who were stopped at the Allenby Bridge. Jordanian authorities said a total of 25 people were injured, including 11 police officers.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Jordan
The political arm of the Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan, the Islamic Action Front, condemned police actions which they described as "shocking" stating: "We condemn the attack, which is part of government policies to impose its will on the people, and we demand an end to such policies that have harmed Jordan's image."


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Lebanon
Activists had organized an event on a mountaintop in the village of Maroun al-Ras that overlooks the border with Israel. Some 30,000 people, including Palestinian refugees from various Palestinian refugee camps across Lebanon attended. After walking up the mountain to the protest site, many decided to descend the opposite side, and continued on towards the border. Lebanese Army soldiers fired into the air in a failed effort to deter them. Crossing through a minefield that was laid by Israel during the 2006 Lebanon War, they reached the border fence, and threw stones over it, chanting for their right of return. The Lebanese army intervened and began firing M16 assault rifles and tear gas, which sent protesters fleeing back up the mountain.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Lebanon
Eleven participants were killed and 100 injured by gunfire before the protesters retreated. There were conflicting reports of who shot them. Media reported that the protesters were shot by the IDF. The IDF said most of those killed were likely shot by the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) and that they had a video that established this, but would not release it on the grounds that it might cause embarrassment to the Lebanese Army.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Gaza Strip
Between 500 and 600 Palestinians marched towards the Erez Crossing, a border crossing between Israel and the Gaza Strip on 15 May. Palestinian medical officials said that IDF forces fired on the group intermittently over the course of a couple of hours with tanks, machine guns, gas canisters and sound bombs, killing one demonstrator and wounding more than 80.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Palestinian Authority
In the West Bank, Palestinians from a burgeoning new youth movement convened seminars on strategies for non-violent resistance to prepare for a 15 May march on the Qalandia checkpoint separating Ramallah from Jerusalem, and several of them were arrested by Palestinian Authority police in the month before the protest date. On 15 May, more than 1,000 protestors marched through the Qalandia refugee camp until they reached within 100 metres of the checkpoint separating Ramallah from Jerusalem where Israeli forces used tear gas to disperse most of them.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Palestinian Authority
Around 100 Palestinian protesters engaged in a standoff with Israeli forces over the next seven hours, throwing stones, as Israeli troops fired tear gas and rubber bullets. More than 80 protestors, including three paramedics, sustained injuries and twenty were hospitalized; a doctor at the hospital said the last time he saw so many casualties in one day was during the Second Intifada.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Syria
In Syria, the events were organized by phone and internet by Palestinian refugees, most of them university students independent of any political faction, in response to the call for a "Third Palestinian Intifada" on Facebook. Demonstrators gathered near the Israeli-Syrian ceasefire line waving Palestinian flags, and then marched toward and breached the fence, entering the Israeli-controlled Golan Heights. The first wave of demonstrators to move toward the fence were stopped by Syrian police who were later overtaken when a second group arrived. The sole Israeli patrol present was similarly overwhelmed and opened fire on the demonstrators. Four demonstrators were killed and dozens injured.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 15 May events, Syria
The Israeli military stated that it only fired warning shots when about 1,000 demonstrators approached the fence, and some 300 children among them, rushed toward the fence. More than a hundred managed to bypass the fence and enter the Arab Druze town of Majdal Shams. About a dozen members of Israel's security forces were injured in clashes in Majdal Shams. Two demonstrators were arrested and detained, but were returned to Syria.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Gaza Strip
In the northern Gaza Strip, dozens of demonstrators tried to march towards the Erez border crossing with Israel. Hamas police had erected checkpoints to stop protesters from reaching Israel's border and clashed with protestors, arresting around a dozen who had left a rally organized in the northern town of Beit Hanun.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Palestinian Authority
At the Qalandia checkpoint in the West Bank, around 300 demonstrated in a protest that began with about 10 people forming a human chain in front of Israeli soldiers who responded with tear gas, sound bombs and rubber bullets. After they sat on the ground refusing to leave, they were forcefully removed by soldiers in riot gear and youth at the back of the crowd began throwing stones. Over the course of several hours, 120 were injured, mostly by tear gas, but also by rubber bullets, sound bombs, and a new stink spray being used for crowd control purposes. Dozens of protesters from the northern West Bank village of Deir al-Hatab also tried to march to the nearby Elon Moreh settlement.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Lebanon
Palestinian organizers in Lebanon planned for a march along the Lebanese-Israeli border for 5 June, but following a decision by the Lebanese Army to ban all protests along the border, the "Palestinian preparatory committee of the return march" canceled the protest on 3 June. Palestinian refugees in Lebanon held strikes instead. Groups independent of the Return to Palestine March Committee still attempted to reach the border, and the Lebanese army stopped a group of 20 youths in the border town of Kfar Kila.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Syria
On 5 June 2011 Palestinian and Syrian protesters moved towards the Golan Heights line of control near Quneitra and Majdal Shams. According to Syrian officials, 23 people were killed and 350 people were injured by Israeli snipers as they attempted over the course of several hours to breach the barbed-wire border. Among the dead was also reportedly an unarmed 12-year-old boy. According to Israeli officials, they counted 10 dead, none of whom were killed by Israeli fire. The New York Times said that, either way, this clash produced the greatest loss of life in the Golan since the Yom Kippur War in 1973.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Syria
Palestinians from the suburbs of Damascus were reportedly bused into the area and massed the border without interference from Syrian troops. The IDF described this as a provocation by President Bashar Assad, that was designed to distract world attention away from the ongoing "slaughter of protesters" in Syria by Assad's troops, referring to the Syrian uprising.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Syria
Israeli soldiers shouted warnings in Arabic via loudspeakers asking the Palestinians to refrain from trying to cross the frontier, adding that those who did so would endanger their lives. Israeli forces were under orders to prevent the protesters from crossing the line of control. Although no protesters managed to cross the border, the protesters thought the day was a success, as they believed that there would be outrage against Israeli troops for firing on unarmed protesters. In response the US State Department said that it was "troubled" by the loss of life, but noted that Israel has the right to defend its sovereign borders. In the aftermath, thousands began a sit-in near Golan, resulting in the Syrian government creating a security buffer zone for humanitarian purposes.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Syria
Paramedics on the Syrian side of the border asked that the IDF grant them cease-fires to clear the wounded. The army agreed to the request, but then saw activists exploiting the quiet to try to cut the border fence, bringing the truce to an end.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Syria
One of those killed, Ezzat Maswadi, was a Palestinian born in Jerusalem in 1977, who grew up in al-Eizariya. His father, who lives in al-Eizariya, could not procure a permit to travel to Damascus to attend his funeral.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Syria
The United States lobby group the Syrian Reform Party issued a statement accusing the Syrian regime of hiring Syrian protesters to storm the border to deflect attention from its own crackdown against the 2011 Syrian uprising, further claiming that protesters were paid about 1,000 dollars for protesting, with 10,000 being offered to their family if the protester was killed.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Syria
Syrian State TV reported six hours live from the incident, and it is claimed that it did not report on Syrian crackdowns during that time.


2011 Israeli border demonstrations, 5 June events, Syria
Clashes broke out at a funeral for the dead in the Palestinian refugee camp of Yarmouk in Damascus on 6 June. Allegedly angered by the PFLP-GC's refusal to take part in the protests, thousands of mourners attacked and burnt-down its headquarters in Yarmouk. PFLP-GC members opened-fire on the crowd, killing 14 Palestinians and wounding 43.


2011 Israeli social justice protests
The 2011 Israeli social justice protests (Hebrew: מְחָאַת צֶדֶק חֶבְרָתִי), which are also referred to by various other names in the media, were a series of demonstrations in Israel beginning in July 2011 involving hundreds of thousands of protesters from a variety of socio-economic and religious backgrounds opposing the continuing rise in the cost of living (particularly housing) and the deterioration of public services such as health and education. A common rallying cry at the demonstrations was the chant; "The people demand social justice! ".


2011 Israeli social justice protests
As the protests expanded during August 2011, the demonstrations began to also focus on other related issues relating to the social order and power structure in Israel.


2011 Israeli social justice protests
The housing protests which sparked the first demonstrations began as a result of a Facebook protest group that initially led hundreds of people to establish tents in the Rothschild Boulevard in the center of Tel Aviv, an act which soon gained momentum, media attention and began a public discourse in Israel regarding the high cost of housing and living expenses. Soon afterwards, the protests spread to many other major cities in Israel as thousands of Israeli protesters began establishing tents in the middle of central streets in major cities as a means of protest. As part of the protests, several mass demonstrations have been held across the country, in which hundreds of thousands of people have participated.


2011 Israeli social justice protests
A major focus of the protests have been what organizers have termed social justice. Part of the movement is about changing the social order, and the economic system. Calls to topple the government were made by some parts of the protests. Criticism of the protests includes accusations of a political agenda rather than a social one with revelations of funding from specific left-wing individuals and organizations like S. Daniel Abraham and the New Israel Fund.


2011 Israeli social justice protests
Maariv journalist Kalman Libeskind claimed that the spontaneous protests had actually been three months in the planning by Stan Greenberg and orchestrated by left-wing organizations and the National Left. Criticism within the protests accused the 'protest leaders' of not publicizing specific goals, the lack of visibility of their goals, and the damaging impact of media focus being on a few activists.


2011 Israeli social justice protests
Following the first large-scale protests in early August, the government announced that a series of measures would be taken to solve the housing shortage, some of which were already under preparation and ratification, and some which were new measures proposed in response to the demands of the protest movement leadership. In addition, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu appointed a team of ministers and senior staff members from his office, headed by Finance Minister Yuval Steinitz, to negotiate with the protest leaders as well as the Trajtenberg Committee. Since that time, there was significant criticism of the Prime Minister's perceived insensitivity to the public sentiment, prompting speculation that general sympathy for the protest movement may cause one or more members of the governing coalition to leave the government, triggering national elections.


2011 Israeli social justice protests
On 22 June 2012, Daphne Leaf and several other activists tried to restart the housing protests by re-erecting a tent encampment on Rothschild Boulevard. The municipality had not given a permit and as a result Leaf, along with eleven other activists, were arrested when they resisted the twenty policemen and municipal inspectors who arrived to dismantle the tents which were confiscated.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Naming
The most common name for the protests in Israel (both during and after the protests) was "The social protest" (המחאה החברתית Hamechaa Hahevratit) the protests have also been referred to as the Housing Protest (מחאת הדיור Mechaat HaDiyur), Social justice protest (מחאת צדק חברתי Mechaat Tzedek Hevrati), the Cost of Living protest (מחאת יוקר המחייה Mechaat Yoker HaMekhiya), the Real estate protest (מחאת הנדל"ן Mechaat HaNadlan), the Tents protest (מחאת האוהלים Mechaat HaOhalim) and less frequently the middle class protest (מחאת מעמד הביניים Mechaat Maamad HaBeynaim).


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Motivations
Numerous factors have led to the protests, in particular rising cost of housing and living expenses in Israel, but also various ongoing issues such as government corruption, rising poverty rates which the OECD defined as being twice the average of other developed countries, and a widening gap between rich and poor.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Motivations
Demographic structural factors, such as a large percentage of educated but dissatisfied youth within the population, extreme poverty in the haredi Jewish sector, and high unemployment in the Arab-Israeli population have spread the cause of the protests amongst a wide swathe of the Israeli population. Many have also blamed the erosion of Israel's traditional egalitarian socio-economic model for the rise in public dissatisfaction, claiming that the rise of American-style social structures in Israel is incompatible with Zionist ideology (The word Zion does not exist in the referred article).


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Motivations
A major catalyst for public anger has been the significant rise in the cost of living, particularly for the lower and middle class. Although average salaries in Israel tend to be lower than those in the Western world, the cost of many consumer goods is relatively high – particularly basic necessities on which long established price controls have gradually been lifted. Since 2007, Israel has also experienced a gradual rise in housing prices.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Motivations
This increase followed a decade-long period of low housing costs, between 1996 and 2005, as well as a long history of significant government involvement in the public housing sector. According to data from the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, from 2005 to 2011 apartment rental prices rose 34% on average, 49% in the Gush Dan region around Tel Aviv. A survey published by the Housing and Construction Minister of Israel revealed that in 2010, 129 average monthly salaries were required for the purchase of an average priced apartment, an amount significantly higher than countries in the Western world.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Events leading to the protests
In April 2011, about three months before the cost of living protests began, Boaz Gaon, son of prominent Israeli businessman Benny Gaon, presented activists with a ten-point plan by Democratic pollster and political strategist Stan Greenberg to defeat the right-wing. It was recommended that not one organization should coordinate the struggle, rather to divide up the effort with as many initiatives in as many locations as possible. Maariv journalist Kalman Libeskind suggested that the protests were a result of this plan.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Events leading to the protests
During June 2011, a month before the housing protest began, another significant large scale demonstration took place in Israel. Commonly referred to by the media as the cottage cheese boycott, this event saw the Israeli public protest against the high cost of many products in Israel and specifically in this case, the high price of cottage cheese. The protest was successful and led to a drop in the retail price of cottage cheese. This was the first time in Israel that a public protest organized by means of social networking had such a wide public effect in Israel.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Events leading to the protests
In July 2011, 25-year-old Israeli video editor Daphne Leef had to vacate the central Tel Aviv apartment where she had lived for three years due to major renovations in her building. Leef soon found out that apartment rental prices in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area had skyrocketed. Consequently, she initiated a small-scale public tent protest. Leef opened a Facebook protest page, inviting others to join her protest, and pitched a tent in Habima Square in Tel Aviv. In response, protesters gathered in the streets around Rothschild Boulevard in Tel Aviv, as well as in Zion Square in Jerusalem.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Events leading to the protests
The use of Protest camps have been described by the protest leaders as being inspired by the Hooverville tent cities in the Central Park of New York City and in many other cities throughout the United States in which many Americans were forced to live during the Great Depression in the United States.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Events leading to the protests
The use of social networks for public protests began to increase in the early 2010s, with the most significant one being the large-scale demonstrations in Arab countries in the Middle East that led to a change of government in several countries such as Egypt (see 2011 Egyptian revolution).


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Background, Events leading to the protests
Some see a connection between the Arab Spring protests and the 2011 Israeli housing protests, as the common denominator is, firstly, the use of social networking to organize public protests, and secondly the fact that these two waves of protests stem from the increase in the cost of living, that they were organized mostly by young people, and that the protesters claims include not only economic demands but also demands for changes in the policies and practices of the ruling government.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protests, Cities and regions
Tel Aviv has been at the epicenter of much of the crisis and has experienced ongoing protests every day from 14 July 2011 onwards. The largest protests were held in downtown Tel Aviv, which has been considered the protest movement's most effective symbol. Hundreds of thousands of people have been estimated to participate in the protests rallies in Tel Aviv. By late 2015, the social protest camp in Tel-Aviv, near the Arlozorov train station, is the only one remaining in Israel


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protests, Cities and regions
Some tents were established at Rishon-Lezion's municipal park already in late July 2011.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protests, Cities and regions
On 13 August 2011 circa 25,000 people turned out to demonstrate in the Haifa downtown protest with leading local activists, deputy mayor of haifa, Shai Abuhatsira and chairman of the university of Haifa students union, Yossi Shalom.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protests, Cities and regions
On 13 August 2011 more than 20,000 people turned out to demonstrate in Beersheba.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protests, Cities and regions
There were approximately 10 illegally built shacks in Jessie Cohen neighborhood in Holon, built by people from the lower class. On 7 September the shacks were evacuated.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Continuation of the protest into 2012
Even though the protest ebbed in late 2011, it was revived in 2012. From early 2012, plans were made by various groups to revive the protest. This time the municipality of Tel-Aviv made a preemptive move by warning about no tolerance for any tents being placed on Rothschild St., so tents were instead placed near the railway station in Tel-Aviv. This time protesters were divided in two major camps, as some activists criticized Leef for using upper class donors to finance her protest.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Continuation of the protest into 2012
On 22 June 2012, Daphni Leef was arrested at a demonstration in Tel Aviv while her arm was broken. On the following day, her supporters held a massive demonstration where 85 protesters were arrested and glass windows of banks were smashed.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Continuation of the protest into 2012
As a result of the split within the protest movement, two separate social justice demonstrations were held in Tel-Aviv on 14 July 2012, to commemorate the first anniversary of the social justice protest.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Government reactions
The Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu initially reacted to the protests by stating that he is aware of the crisis, and that "the government is working to fix the plague that haunts us for many years. We are a small country, there is great demand and not enough apartments. Help me pass the reform in the Israel Lands Administration". Netanyahu also clarified that "It would take between a year to three years until we would begin seeing results."


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Government reactions, Government housing plans
On 26 July 2011, Prime Minister Netanyahu announced a new housing plan, including significant incentives for contractors who build smaller apartments, rent-earmarked housing and student housing, and plans to add 50,000 apartments to Israel's housing market over the next two years. The plan would allow contractors to purchase land from the Israel Land Administration up to 50% cheaper if they agree to build small apartments.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Government reactions, Government housing plans
Contractors bidding on rent-earmarked housing projects would be obligated to rent out 50% of their apartments built for a period of at least ten years, at 30% of their current value, and would be allowed to sell the other 50% of apartments at a price they can set. Contractors would be allowed to raise rent rates annually, in accordance with the consumer price index. Contractors and land developers who build student housing would be given land for free, but would have to agree to government-supervised rent rates for twenty years.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Government reactions, Government housing plans
Netanyahu's plan also called for six newly appointed national housing boards to authorize housing projects with little bureaucracy. The boards' mandate would be reviewed every eighteen months. Netanyahu also said that the government would promote the construction of 10,000 housing units for students, and would subsidize students' transportation to allow them to seek housing further away from universities.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Government reactions, Trajtenberg Committee
On 8 August 2011, Prime Minister Netanyahu appointed a committee to pinpoint and propose solutions to Israel's socioeconomic problems. The committee's task was to hold discussions with "different groups and sectors within the public", and subsequently make proposals to the government's socioeconomic cabinet, headed by Finance Minister Yuval Steinitz. Professor Manuel Trajtenberg, chairman of the Planning and Budgeting Committee of the Council for Higher Education, former head of the National Economic Council, and the former Chief Economic Adviser to the Prime Minister, was appointed to head the committee. The committee consists of 14 members, 10 of whom are government or public officials.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protest leadership
Amongst the most prominent activists in the protests are Daphne Leef, Stav Shaffir, Yigal Rambam,  Jonathan Levy, Orly Weisselberg, Roee Neuman, Jonathan Miller, Regev Kontas, Adam Dovz'insky, Itzik Shmuli, Baroch Oren and Boaz Gaon. Actively contributing and supporting the protests were newspaper columnists Roy Arad and Shlomo Kraus.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protest leadership
Adam Dovz'insky, who took a prominent part at the beginning of the protests with a hunger strike that ended when he collapsed and needed medical attention, would later declare that the Rothschild Blvd leadership does not want solutions but rather to topple the Netanyahu government, that the protests seemed to be the end themselves, not a means toward achieve negotiations. Dovz'insky also said he had information connected the protests with European anarchists.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protest leadership, Demands of the protesters
The initial objective of the leaders of the protest movement focused on reducing the costs of housing in Israel. For the most part, the protest leadership has declared that they would not offer any concrete solutions to the crisis on the grounds that it is not their role, but the government's role. However, the demonstrators in Tel Aviv have promised to work together with the Knesset members and other decision makers to promote legislation aimed at protecting apartment renters against exploitation of their hardships by landlords, in a way that would correspond to similar legislation worldwide. At some of the public events, protesters call revolution, for Netanyahu's resignation, and the downfall of the government.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Protest leadership, Demands of the protesters
Nevertheless, in August 2011, as the protests grew significantly, the demands became more radical as they began to call for a sweeping overhaul of the Israeli economy and society which would change the current neoliberal approach of the Netanyahu government to a more social approach. The list of demands for broader changes in the Israeli society and governance, articulated by protesters and activists, includes the following:


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Organizations and individuals who have joined the protest
Many movements and organizations have joined the protest. According to the Israeli newspaper "Israel HaYom", two weeks prior to the protest, the Israeli social movement "the National Left" sought people on Facebook "who have unreasonable rent fees" to start a campaign to lower the cost of housing for young people. On the day on which the protest began, "the National Left" movement called its activists to get to the Rothschild Boulevard, and organized the delivery of 20 tents to the encampment.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Organizations and individuals who have joined the protest
In an interview with the Israeli morning show "HaOlam HaBoker" the chairman of the movement, Eldad Yaniv, addressed "Israel HaYom"'s report and explained that the movement "organizes many protests like this throughout country and it just happened that this one became popular". Several activists posted Daphne Leef's call on the movement's web site and invited their friends to join the encampment. The movement also initiated the establishment of a website to accompany the protest and assisted in managing the encampment, in part by the introduction of "popular assemblies" for making decisions on the conduct of the protest.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Organizations and individuals who have joined the protest
The protest also gained support from the National Union of Israeli Students and the local student unions throughout Israel, who helped establish the encampments and organized transportation to the demonstration in Tel Aviv. The Jewish U.S.-based non-profit organization "New Israel Fund" gave guidance and logistical support to the encampments in Kiryat Shmona, Be'er Sheva and elsewhere. The head of the Shatil activist wing of the New Israel Fund admitted that the group was working behind the scenes and coordinating multiple tent locations and published a report on its activities. Most of the protests were financed by online donations.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Organizations and individuals who have joined the protest
The Zionist extra-parliamentary group "Im Tirtzu", which initially supported the protests, later announced that it would stop its involvement due to the participation of the "New Israel Fund". The Bnei Akiva and the "Rannim" movements (both of the religious Zionism) announced that they would also stop their involvement in the protests in Tel Aviv. The "Rannim" movement later announced it would continue its participation in the protest but only in the Jerusalem encampment.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Organizations and individuals who have joined the protest
The protests were also joined by "The Coalition for Affordable Housing" and "The Headquarters for a Liable Housing" who bind the following organizations: Association for Civil Rights in Israel, Bimkom, Women Lawyers for Social Justice, Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel, Movement for Quality Government in Israel, Greenpeace Israel, Mizrahi Democratic Rainbow Coalition and the Israel Union for Environmental Defense. Additional organizations who joined the protests include the Koach La Ovdim General trade union, the Socialist–Zionist youth movements HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed and Hashomer Hatzair, the non-Zionist left-wing organization Ma'avak Sotzialisti the Israeli human rights organization Rabbis for Human Rights, Physicians for Human Rights-Israel, and the political parties Meretz and Hadash.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Organizations and individuals who have joined the protest
The protests also gained the support of various Israeli mayors and local councils, including the mayor of Tel Aviv Ron Huldai, the mayor of Jerusalem Nir Barkat and the chairman of the Union of Local Authorities in Israel, Shlomo Bohbot. Knesset members from both the coalition and the opposition have expressed their support for the struggle; some even visited the various protest encampments. Two weeks after the start of the protest, the chairman of the Histadrut, Ofer Eini, met with protest leaders and announced that the Histadrut would assist them in their contacts with the government.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Organizations and individuals who have joined the protest
Jimmy Wales, a co-founder of Wikipedia, visited the tent cities in Tel Aviv where the protests were taking place. He said, "It's wonderful that in the democracy here, people have the right to go out and express their opinion. I do not know if I agree with the protest or not, because I'm not familiar with the economic and social situation in Israel, but the very fact that freedom of speech and discourse are free in Israel is remarkable."


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Organizations and individuals who have joined the protest
The New Israel Fund had originally denied its role in the development of the protests, but in a January 2012 message, it says that the protestors "organized themselves in new and existing organizations, virtual and community initiatives, local and national groups. Mapping the initiatives, which were initiated by Shatil and the New Israel Fund, outlines the role of this 'big bang'."


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Public opinion
According to a poll by Channel 10 on 2 August 2011, there is broad public support for the protesters, including 98% of Kadima supporters, and 85% of Netanyahu's Likud supporters.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Public opinion
Along with the massive support the housing protest has gained, as the protest kept developing and, various public figures and organizations, mostly affiliated with the political right in Israel, gradually increased their criticism of the protests and their organizers. Most of the criticism has focused on the allegations that the protests were not spontaneous, and that they were scheduled and planned by various left-wing media and political organizations in Israel.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Public opinion
It is alleged that these organizations exploited the protests initiated by Daphne Leef as well as the economic distress that exists among large sections of the Israeli public in order to promote a political agenda that they finance, and which is primarily designed to overthrow the current right-wing government headed by Benjamin Netanyahu; it is alleged that finding actual solutions to the housing crises in Israel is only a secondary concern. The Tel-Aviv city hall was criticized for indirectly supporting the protests at 40,000ILS per day, price including electricity and clean services.


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Public opinion
While the protests in general have been peaceful, some incidents of violence have been reported. On 4 August 2011, two activists were arrested following an attempt to burn down the tent of right-wing activists participating at the Rothschild location. At a press conference held on 26 July 2011 Daphne Leef responded to the various allegations made against her and the protest organizers and stated the following:


2011 Israeli social justice protests, Public opinion
What hasn't been said about me in the recent days? When we came here with our tents about ten days ago, some said we are spoiled children from Tel Aviv, some said we are leftists, but after more cities from across the country and as more people from across the entire political spectrum in Israel joined the protests – all understood that we represent all the people.


2011 Istanbul Park GP2 and GP3 Series rounds
The 2011 Turkish GP2 Round was the first round of the 2011 GP2 Series season. It was held on May 6–8, 2011 at Istanbul Speed Park, Istanbul, Turkey, supporting the 2011 Turkish Grand Prix.


2011 Istanbul Park GP2 and GP3 Series rounds
This race was the first in the series for the new Dallara GP2/11 chassis and Pirelli as the sole tyre supplier for GP2. The GP2/11 was introduced as a replacement for the Dallara GP2/08 chassis, which was used between 2008 and 2010.


2011 Italian Athletics Championships
The 2011 Italian Athletics Championships was the 101st edition of the Italian Athletics Championships and were held in Turin on 25–26 June 2011.


2011 Italian Athletics Indoor Championships
2011 Italian Athletics Indoor Championships was the 42nd edition of the Italian Athletics Indoor Championships and were held in Ancona.


2011 Italian Census
The 2011 Italian Census is the fifteenth and most recent Italian national census. The reference day used for the census was October 9, 2011. The population was counted at 59,433,744.


2011 Italian Census
A census of the whole population has taken place in Italy every 10 years since 1861.


2011 Italian Figure Skating Championships
The 2011 Italian Figure Skating Championships (Italian: Campionati Italiani Assoluti 2011 Pattinaggio Di Figura Su Ghiaccio) was held in Milan from December 16 through 19, 2010. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the levels of senior and junior. The results were used to choose the teams to the 2011 World Championships, the 2011 European Championships, and the 2011 World Junior hampionships.


2011 Italian Formula Three Championship
The 2011 Italian Formula Three Championship was the 47th Italian Formula Three Championship season. The season began on 15 May on the new for the championship Autodromo di Franciacorta and ended on 16 October at Monza after 16 races held at eight meetings.


2011 Italian Formula Three Championship
With victories at Spa, Vallelunga, Sergio Campana of BVM – Target Racing finished the season as champion, becoming third driver in row to win championship for this team. He finished seventeen points clear of Prema Powerteam driver Michael Lewis, who won rookie championship and three races during the season. Third place went to his teammate and Ferrari Driver Academy driver Raffaele Marciello, who took two victories at Misano and Adria International Raceway. Fourth place in the championship was claimed by another Ferrari Driver Academy driver. BVM – Target Racing's Brandon Maïsano won races at Vallelunga as well as opening round at Franciacorta, while fifth went to double race-winner Edoardo Liberati from Lucidi Motors. Daniel Mancinelli took the other race victory on opening race at Franciacorta for RP Motorsport.


2011 Italian Grand Prix
The 2011 Italian Grand Prix (officially the Formula 1 Gran Premio Santander d'Italia 2011) was a Formula One motor race that was held on 11 September 2011 at the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza in Italy. It was the thirteenth round of the 2011 Formula One season and was also the sixtieth time the Italian Grand Prix had been held at Monza. The 53-lap race was won by Red Bull Racing's Sebastian Vettel, the World Drivers' Championship leader, after he started from pole position. Jenson Button finished in second place for McLaren, and Fernando Alonso completed the podium in third position for Ferrari.


2011 Italian Grand Prix
As a consequence of the race, Vettel extended his lead in the World Drivers' Championship to 112 points over Alonso, who moved up to second place in the championship. Button moved into third place in the championship, five points behind Alonso, and level on points with fourth-placed Mark Webber, but ahead on countback. In the World Constructors' Championship, Red Bull's championship lead was cut by McLaren to 126 points, with Ferrari a further 71 points behind in third position.


2011 Italian Grand Prix
To celebrate the 150th Anniversary the Unification of Italy a special trophy (named Coppa del 150° Anniversario dell'Unità d'Italia) was awarded to the winner. The same trophy was also awarded to the winner of 2011 Giro d'Italia (cycling, won by Michele Scarponi) and 2010-2011 Coppa Italia (football, won by Inter Milan). The special trophy was designed by the Italian sculptor Silvio Gazzaniga.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background
Tyre supplier Pirelli brought its white-banded medium compound tyre as the harder "prime" tyre and the yellow-banded soft compound as the softer "option" compound, as opposed to the previous year where Bridgestone brought the hard compound as the prime.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Regulation changes
The Belgian Grand Prix saw a small controversy when several teams discovered their tyres had blistered during qualifying, but were not permitted to change their tyres ahead of the race because the damage was the result of the car set-up rather than an accident. Tyre supplier Pirelli pointed to Red Bull Racing's practice of running camber settings that were outside the recommended parameters given by Pirelli as the cause of the blistering, and said they would be more cautious with their recommendations for Monza to prevent the problem from arising again.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Regulation changes
Pirelli stated that they were willing to turn to the FIA to enforce camber limits if there was any evidence of blistering after the Free Practice sessions. Shortly before the final practice session on Saturday, the FIA announced that Pirelli's camber limits were mandatory and that any team who failed to observe them would be reported to the stewards under Article 2.3 of the sport's technical regulations for dangerous construction and would risk exclusion from the race.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Circuit changes
After experimenting with two Drag Reduction System (DRS) zones with one activation point in Montreal and Valencia, the FIA reverted to a single DRS zone for Silverstone. At the Belgian Grand Prix, it was announced that the Italian Grand Prix would once again see two DRS zones, but this time, each zone would be independent, with one activation point for each zone. One of these zones will be placed along the main straight of the circuit, with reports suggesting that the second zone would be placed along the straight between the second Curva di Lesmo and the Variante Ascari chicane.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Circuit changes
On Saturday morning, the FIA modified the della Roggia chicane, moving the kerbs at both corners back five metres to allow the drivers more space to navigate the chicane without being forced over the kerbs.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Team changes
Bruno Senna replaced Nick Heidfeld at Renault for the Belgian Grand Prix, though Heidfeld expressed dissatisfaction with the appointment and stated that he hoped to return to racing for them at the Singapore Grand Prix and to finish the season driving for Renault, going so far to launch legal action against the team. In the week before the Italian Grand Prix, it was announced that Heidfeld and Renault had reached a settlement, allowing Senna to complete the season in Heidfeld's place. Senna's appointment prompted four new sponsors – Brazilian telecommunications company Embratel, oil and natural gas company OGX, personal care brand Gillette and pharmaceutical company Auden McKenzie – to join the team.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Team changes
After shelving a planned upgrade for the British Grand Prix in light of a technical review of the team, Virgin Racing decided to re-introduce the upgrade for the Italian Grand Prix. The upgrade is a complete overhaul of the Virgin MVR-02, including a new engine cover, sidepods, exhaust and rear floor.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Standings
Heading into the race, Sebastian Vettel was leading the Drivers' Championship on 259 points - a massive 92 ahead of Red Bull Racing teammate Mark Webber, after the pair had a 1-2 finish in Spa. Fernando Alonso sat third in the standings, 10 points behind Webber on 157. The McLaren duo of Jenson Button and Lewis Hamilton were now occupying fourth and fifth in the standings, with 149 and 146 points respectively. Hamilton had slipped to fifth, behind Button, because of his collision at the last race with Kamui Kobayashi.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Standings
Red Bull led the Constructors' Championship, in a similar dominant fashion to Vettel, with 426 points. McLaren were 131 points behind on 295 points and Ferrari were third placed, 64 points behind McLaren. Mercedes and Renault had quite a gap to Ferrari, and were fourth and fifth placed, on 98 and 68 points respectively.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Free Practice
The Friday practice sessions were dry, with predictions of similar weather to last the entire weekend. The first ninety-minute period was quiet, with just two drivers setting times in the first half-hour. Once the entire grid started setting times, Sebastian Vettel emerged as the early leader of the session. However, Lewis Hamilton rapidly improved his lap times, and would end the session as the fastest man on track, a second clear of teammate Jenson Button and a further half-second ahead of Vettel. Button reported that the circuit had been resurfaced since the 2010 race, causing the cars to slide about. Meanwhile, several cars – most notably the Lotus and Virgin entries – were plagued with technical problems.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Free Practice
Vettel returned to the top of the timing sheets in the second session, just three hundredths of a second faster than Hamilton. However, Hamilton encountered Jaime Alguersuari whilst setting his fastest lap time, denying him the fastest time of the session. Alguersuari himself was impeded by Force India's Adrian Sutil, forcing the Spanish driver to move onto the grassy verge to avoid a collision. His Toro Rosso teammate Sébastien Buemi also left the circuit, crashing as he exited the Parabolica.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Free Practice
Several other drivers experienced technical difficulties that limited their running; Daniel Ricciardo was only able to set a lap time three minutes from the end of the session after an electrical fault sidelined him, while Kamui Kobayashi pulled over at the end of the session and Nico Rosberg struggled with an undiagnosed problem in his Mercedes.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Free Practice
Despite setting the fastest lap time in the second session, telemetry data from the speed trap on the main straight demonstrated that Vettel was noticeably slower than his rivals. Vitaly Petrov was the fastest through the speed trap, recording a top speed of 347 km/h (216 mph); by comparison, Vettel was the slowest driver on the circuit, with a top speed of 327.9 km/h (203.7 mph), 19.1 km/h (11.9 mph) slower than Petrov.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Free Practice
The unique twin DRS zones around the circuit provided a challenge for the teams. The Drag Reduction System meant that drivers could run higher downforce settings than they usually would, offering more grip in the corners and unlimited DRS usage in the straights. Such a setup would invariably favour qualifying as the restricted use of DRS in the race could potentially compromise the driver's position. At the same time, a more-traditional setup would favour the race, but at the cost of qualifying position. This unique predicament forced many of the teams to run both setups in Free Practice to make a decision ahead of the race.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
Qualifying began in dry conditions at Monza, and the first qualifying period saw Pastor Maldonado crashing to the barriers at Parabolica early on. He was able to pit for a new front wing and return to the circuit, advancing to the second period at the expense of Jaime Alguersuari, who was eliminated alongside the Lotus, Virgin and HRT entries. Daniel Ricciardo out-qualified team mate Vitantonio Liuzzi for the first time, while Timo Glock narrowly bested team mate Jérôme d'Ambrosio, despite problems with his rear wing. Jarno Trulli out-qualified Heikki Kovalainen for just the second time in 2011.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
The second qualifying period was marked by the midfield teams attempting to advance to Q3. The Red Bulls, McLarens, Mercedes and Ferraris easily progressed with Vitaly Petrov in ninth, just one thousandth of a second behind Hamilton. Hamilton, who had initially used the prime tyres, returned to the circuit on the options, due to uncertainty of the security of his time, though Petrov remained in his garage. The remaining drivers were all competing for the final spot in Q3.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
Adrian Sutil briefly held tenth before being passed by Paul di Resta, and di Resta was outqualified in turn by Bruno Senna by a margin of 0.006 seconds. Behind the Force Indias, were the Williamses of Rubens Barrichello and Pastor Maldonado, with Sébastien Buemi sandwiched by the Saubers of Pérez and Kobayashi.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
In the final ten-minute part, Ferrari sent both cars out together to give both drivers an opportunity to tow each other to a higher grid spot, though the strategy largely failed. McLaren followed with their second runs being more crucial; Hamilton made a mistake at the Variante Roggia, which caused Michael Schumacher to slow down. Jenson Button pitted after a mistake in the Parabolica, but qualified third behind Hamilton, by five hundredths of a second. There was a larger margin to Vettel though, who was half a second faster than Hamilton.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
It was Vettel's tenth pole of the season – joining Ayrton Senna as the only other driver to have taken ten pole positions in two separate seasons – and the 25th of his career. Alonso, Webber, Massa, Petrov, Schumacher, Rosberg and Senna – who did not set a lap time in the session – completed the first five rows of the grid.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Fernando Alonso was the first driver into the first corner, having made the best start off the line from fourth. However, his lead was short-lived; further down the field, Vitantonio Liuzzi made contact with Heikki Kovalainen and slid off across the grass and directly into Vitaly Petrov and Nico Rosberg. The three cars retired on the spot, while Rubens Barrichello was stuck in between the retirees’ cars undamaged, but was forced to wait until they were cleared, ruining his race. The safety car was deployed as the debris was cleared up, and when racing resumed, Sebastian Vettel quickly claimed the lead from Alonso. Vettel would remain unchallenged for the rest of the race, claiming his eighteenth victory. Meanwhile, Jérôme d'Ambrosio retired on the first lap with a gearbox problem.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Further down the grid, Lewis Hamilton was caught unawares by the restart and was quickly passed by Michael Schumacher, whilst Mark Webber challenged Felipe Massa for sixth place going into the first chicane. The two made contact and Massa was spun around, but was able to continue racing; for his part, Webber tried to limp back to the pits with a broken front wing, but crashed out at the Parabolica, recording Red Bull Racing's first retirement of the season. Adrian Sutil joined the growing list of retirements several laps later with hydraulic problems, pulling his Force India VJM04 over at the Ascari chicane.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Race
As Vettel and Alonso increased their leads, Hamilton began to threaten Schumacher for third. Schumacher was warned over the radio several times for blocking by team principal Ross Brawn; Schumacher was taking a defensive line going into the Ascari chicane before cutting back over to the racing line. The battle with Hamilton slowed both drivers down enough that fifth-placed Jenson Button could catch up to them, and things came to a head when Schumacher cut Hamilton off at the Curva Grande and forcing him onto the grass on the inside of the corner. As Hamilton backed off, Button was able to pass him. Where Hamilton's fight with Schumacher would last thirty laps, Button passed the Mercedes driver on his first attempt, leaving him free to pursue Alonso. Hamilton claimed fourth from Schumacher when the German made his first scheduled stop.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Race
The Sauber C30s of Kamui Kobayashi and seventh-placed Sergio Pérez retired with near-identical gearbox problems, reducing the field to just fifteen drivers plus Daniel Ricciardo. Ricciardo's car had gone into anti-stall on the grid before failing to engage a gear. The car was immediately returned to the pits while repairs were carried out, and although Ricciardo returned to the circuit, he was some eight laps behind the last-placed Timo Glock at the time of Pérez's retirement.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Ricciardo would ultimately finish the race fourteen laps behind race winner Vettel, and was therefore not classified as a finisher as he had failed to complete 90% of the winner's race distance. With just fifteen drivers on the track, the Team Lotus drivers of Heikki Kovalainen and Jarno Trulli were able to secure 13th and 14th place, further reinforcing the team's claim to tenth in the World Constructors' Championship.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Vettel went on to win the race by 9.5 seconds from Jenson Button, who had caught and passed Alonso with less than ten laps to go. Once freed from behind Schumacher's Mercedes, Lewis Hamilton started catching Alonso at a rate that meant the 2008 World Champion would only be able to pass his former teammate on the last lap. Ultimately, it was not to be; Alonso completed the podium, crossing the finish line half a second ahead of Hamilton. Jenson Button scored his third consecutive second-place finish and fourth podium at Monza.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Race
After finishing fifth in Belgium, Schumacher repeated his performance with another fifth place, in front of Massa, whose race had largely been ruined by the early contact with Webber. Jaime Alguersuari scored a career-best finish with seventh place, ahead of Paul di Resta. The four points di Resta earned for eighth place, plus the double retirement of the Saubers helped elevate Force India to sixth in the constructors' standings. Bruno Senna scored his first World Championship points in ninth place, whilst Sébastien Buemi claimed the final World Championship point.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
Vettel's win extended his World Championship lead to 112 points ahead of Alonso, who took advantage of Webber's retirement to move into second overall. Vettel's result meant that a win in Singapore would be enough to secure his second World Drivers' Championship and become the sport's youngest double World Champion, provided Alonso does not finish second or third, and neither Button nor Webber finishes second.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
Button's second place moved him up to third overall in the points standings, though Hamilton's result was not enough to surpass the retired Webber, leaving him fifth overall and the last driver with a mathematical possibility of winning the championship, though several drivers conceded that they would not be able to beat Sebastian Vettel.


2011 Italian Grand Prix, Report, Post-race
For causing the first corner incident, Vitantonio Liuzzi was given a five-place grid penalty for the Singapore Grand Prix.


2011 Italian Open (tennis)
The 2011 Italian Open (also known as the 2011 Rome Masters and sponsored title 2011 Internazionali BNL d'Italia) was a tennis tournament, being played on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome, Italy. It was the 68th edition of the event and was classified as an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2011 ATP World Tour and a Premier 5 event on the 2011 WTA Tour. It took place from 9 to 15 May 2011.


2011 Italian Open (tennis), ATP entrants, Other entrants
The following players received entry from a lucky losers spot:


2011 Italian Open (tennis), WTA Entrants, Other entrants
The following players received entry from a lucky losers spot:


2011 Italian Open (tennis), Finals, Men's doubles
John Isner /  Sam Querrey defeated  Mardy Fish /  Andy Roddick, w/o


2011 Italian Open (tennis), Finals, Women's doubles
Peng Shuai /  Zheng Jie defeated  Vania King /  Yaroslava Shvedova, 6–2, 6–3


2011 Italian Open – Men's Doubles
Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan were the defending champions, but they lost to Mardy Fish and Andy Roddick in the quarterfinals.


2011 Italian Open – Men's Doubles
Roddick eventually withdrew from the final because of a shoulder injury and American couple John Isner and Sam Querrey won the title.


2011 Italian Open – Men's Singles
Novak Djokovic defeated the two-time defending champion Rafael Nadal in the final, 6–4, 6–4, to win the Men's Singles title at the 2011 Italian Open. With the win, Djokovic logged his 39th consecutive match win, and extended his unbeaten streak in the 2011 season to 37–0.


2011 Italian Open – Men's Singles, Seeds
The top eight seeds received a bye into the second round.


2011 Italian Open – Men's Singles Qualifying
This article displays the qualifying draw of the 2011 Italian Open (tennis).


2011 Italian Open – Women's Doubles
Gisela Dulko and Flavia Pennetta were the defending champions, but they lost to Alexandra Dulgheru and Jarmila Gajdošová in the quarterfinals. Chinese pair Peng Shuai and Zheng Jie won the title beating No. 3 seeds Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova in the final 6–2, 6–3. Peng Shuai had won the title earlier in 2010 Internazionali BNL d'Italia – Women's Doubles


2011 Italian Open – Women's Doubles, Seeds
The top four seeds received a bye into the second round.


2011 Italian Open – Women's Singles
María José Martínez Sánchez was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Ekaterina Makarova.


2011 Italian Open – Women's Singles
Maria Sharapova defeated No. 6 seed Samantha Stosur in the final 6–2, 6–4. It was Sharapova's 23rd career title, and her first tournament win in almost a full calendar year.


2011 Italian Open – Women's Singles, Seeds
The top eight seeds receive a bye into the second round.


2011 Italian Open – Women's Singles Qualifying
This article displays the women singles qualifying draw of the 2011 Italian Open (tennis).


2011 Italian local elections
The 2011 Italian local elections were held on 15–16 May, with a second round on 29–30 May. In Italy, direct elections were held in all 1,177 municipalities and 11 provinces: in each municipality (comune) were chosen mayor and members of the City Council, in each province were chosen president and members of the Provincial Council. Of the 1,177 municipalities, 30 were provincial capital municipalities and only 105 had a population higher than 15,000 inhabitants.


2011 Italian local elections
In Sicily the elections were held on 29–30 May, with a second round on 12–13 June.


2011 Italian local elections
Citizens living in Italy  who were 18 or over on election day were entitled to vote in the local council elections. The deadline for voters to register to vote in the 15–16 May elections was midday on Saturday 15 April 2011.


2011 Italian local elections, Voting System
The voting system is used for all mayoral elections in Italy, in the city with a population higher than 15,000. Under this system voters express a direct choice for the mayor or an indirect choice voting for the party of the candidate's coalition. If no candidate receives at least 50% of votes, the top two candidates go to a second round after two weeks. This gives a result whereby the winning candidate may be able to claim majority support, although it is not guaranteed.


2011 Italian local elections, Voting System
The election of the City Council is based on a direct choice for the candidate with a preference vote: the candidate with the majority of the preferences is elected. The number of the seats for each party is determined proportionally.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections
Total voter turnout for the Municipal election on the first round was of 68.6%, on the second was of 60.1%.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Turin
The main candidates were the Michele Coppola, from Silvio Berlusconi's party People of Freedom, and the Piero Fassino, from Democratic Party. Fassino was chosen as the candidate for the center-left coalition on 26 February 2011 with the coalition primary elections.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Turin
Michele Coppola was supported by a big center-right coalition, composed by The People of Freedom, Lega Nord, The Right and some civic lists. Piero Fassino was supported by Democratic Party, Left Ecology Freedom, Italy of Values and some civic lists.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Milan
The election took place in two rounds: the first on May 15–16 and the second on May 29–30.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Milan
The main candidates were the incumbent mayor Letizia Moratti, from Silvio Berlusconi's party People of Freedom, and the lawyer Giuliano Pisapia. Pisapia was chosen as the candidate for the center-left coalition on November 14, 2010 with the coalition primary elections. On the contrary Letizia Moratti was confirmed by her party as the official candidate.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Milan
Letizia Moratti was supported by a big center-right coalition, composed by People of Freedom, Lega Nord and some 9 civic lists. Giuliano Pisapia was supported by Democratic Party, Left Ecology Freedom, Italy of Values, Communist Refoundation Party, Italian Radicals, Greens and some civic lists.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Milan
Pisapia won the second round and became the first elected mayor of Milan from a left-wing party. The candidate of Beppe Grillo's party Five Star Movement, Mattia Calise, who was only 20 years old, obtained near the 3.5% of the votes.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Trieste
The election took place in two rounds: the first on May 15–16 and the second on May 29–30.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Bologna
The election took place before the end of the legislature because the incumbent mayor Flavio Delbono, who was investigated because of Cinziagate scandal, resigned.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Bologna
For 15 months, Bologna was governed by a special commissioner (Anna Maria Cancellieri) and became the first city of Italy to be governed by a commissioner for so long time.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Bologna
On May 16, Virginio Merola, from Democratic Party, won the election on the first round and defeating the candidate of Lega Nord Manes Bernardini. The turnout was only the 71%, a decrease compared to 2009 and 2004 elections. Beppe Grillo's Five Star Movement received nearly the 10% of the votes.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Naples
The election took place in two rounds: the first on May 15–16 and the second on May 29–30.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Naples
The main candidates were the entrepreneur Gianni Lettieri, from Silvio Berlusconi's party People of Freedom, the prefect Mario Morcone, from Democratic Party, and the magistrate Luigi de Magistris of Italy of Values.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Naples
In March 2011, Morcone was chosen as the candidate center-left coalition with the coalition primary elections. However, Luigi de Magistris decided to run without the support of the center-left coalition; he was supported by his party, Communist Refoundation Party and some civic lists.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Naples
On the first round Lettieri was ahead with the 37%  of the votes, but on the second round Luigi de Magistris won the election with the 65% of the votes.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Naples
In these election Democratic Party obtained the worst result since 1993, People of Freedom failed once again to conquer the city and Luigi de Magistris became the first elected mayor of Naples from a left-wing party.


2011 Italian local elections, Municipal elections, Mayoral election results in the regional capital cities, Cagliari
The election took place in two rounds: the first on May 15–16 and the second on May 29–30.


2011 Italian local elections, Provincial elections
Only 11 provinces were up for election. The elections was for a new provincial president and members of the Provincial Council. On the first round the total voter turnout was of 59.6%, on the second was of 45.2%. Below the results of each candidate and coalition on the first and second round.


2011 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2011 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix was the eighth round of the 2011 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 1–3 July 2011 at the Mugello Circuit.


2011 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix, Championship standings after the race (MotoGP)
Below are the standings for the top five riders and constructors after round eight has concluded.


2011 Italian referendums
A nationwide abrogative referendum was held in Italy on 12 and 13 June 2011, on four questions concerning the repeal of recent laws regarding the privatisation of water services (two questions), a return to the nuclear energy which had been phased out after the 1987 referendum, and criminal procedure, specifically a provision exempting the Prime Minister and the Ministers from appearing in court. The first aim of those campaigning for a yes vote was to ensure that the quorum  (50% + 1) of the electorate was reached.


2011 Italian referendums
The Italians with the right to vote numbered 47,118,352 (22,604,349 men and 24,514,003 women), in addition to 3,300,496 Italians resident abroad. In order for the quorum to be reached, at least 25.209.425 votes for each question had to be cast.


2011 Italian referendums
Turnout, while below general election records, was higher than it had been for any referendum since 1995; on 12 June 2011, turnout had reached 11.64% at midday, and 30.32% at 19.00, indicating that the necessary quorum would likely be reached. When polls closed on 13 June 2011, turnout was 56.9%, with clear majorities of 94.6% to 96.1% in favour on all questions (meaning that about 53,8% to 54,7% of electorate approved them). Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi implicitly invited to boycott the vote (in the hope that the required quorum would not be met)


2011 Italian referendums, Position of main political parties, The high offices of the Republic
The President of the Republic Giorgio Napolitano declared he would take part to the referendums, without revealing his intentions regarding the votes.


2011 Italian referendums, Position of main political parties, The high offices of the Republic
The President of the Senate of the Republic Renato Schifani underlined the importance of the vote as a form of democratic participation and said he would vote.


2011 Italian referendums, Position of main political parties, The high offices of the Republic
The President of the Chamber of Deputies Gianfranco Fini declared he would vote.


2011 Italian referendums, Position of main political parties, The high offices of the Republic
The President of the Council of ministers Silvio Berlusconi declared he wouldn't vote. His statement "the Constitution gives the right to citizens to say yes or no to the referendum, but also to say "I do not mind this question, I do not vote." was considered an implicit invitation for his electorate to abstain, so that the referendums would fail quorum.


2011 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament
The 2011 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament was an under-18 ice hockey tournament held in Břeclav, Czech Republic and Piešťany, Slovakia from August 8–13, 2011. As in 2010, the venues were Alcaplast Arena in Břeclav and Patrícia Ice Arena 37 in Piešťany. Canada won gold for the fourth consecutive year, defeating Sweden 4–1 in the final after losing to them 5–1 in their opening game. After their championship win, Canadian head coach Steve Spott attributed their success to a balanced attack in the absence of any one superstar.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Ivory Coast on 11 December 2011, after the presidential elections in late 2010. They followed a peace agreement between the government and the New Forces (former rebels) that was signed in March 2007. The Rally of the Republicans, the party of President Alassane Ouattara, won just under half the seats in the National Assembly.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
Following the agreement, the election was planned to be held in the first quarter of 2008. On 6 August 2007, then-president Laurent Gbagbo said it would be possible, with goodwill and determination, to hold the election as early as December 2007. This was greeted with widespread skepticism by observers and the opposition, who said that the preparations for elections would be incomplete at such an early stage.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
It was announced on 12 September that the process of voter identification and registration would begin on 25 September, and if it went well it was expected to be completed by the end of 2007. On 13 September the President of the Independent Electoral Commission (CEI), Robert Mambe, said that the presidential election should be held, "at the latest", ten months after the end of the identification process, around October 2008, and that the parliamentary election should be held 45 days after the presidential election. On 18 September Gbagbo again expressed his desire to see the elections held quickly and said that he was opposed to the "remote dates" being suggested.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
The public hearings of the identification process were intended for about three million people born in Ivory Coast who did not yet have identification papers. The hearings were launched on 25 September and were to be held first in Ouragahio and Ferkessédougou, respectively the home regions of Gbagbo and Prime Minister Guillaume Soro. The French company Sagem was designated as the technical operator of the electoral register in November 2007.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
On 27 November Gbagbo and Soro reached an agreement in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, that the election would be held by the end of June 2008; the electoral commission was to propose the specific date of the election. Gbagbo reiterated on December 19 that the election would be held no later than the end of June 2008, and he said that he would visit all the regions held by the New Forces by March 2008 and would then make a report to the Constitutional Council, which would in turn approve the holding of the election.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
French Minister of Foreign Affairs Bernard Kouchner said on 27 January 2008 that the election might be delayed slightly past the end of June deadline due to technical requirements, particularly the need to update voter lists.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
While Ouattara and Bédié said that full implementation of the peace agreement, including total disarmament of the New Forces, was not necessary prior to the holding of the election, Pascal Affi N'Guessan, the President of the Ivorian Popular Front (FPI), Gbagbo's party, said that disarmament must be completed before the election.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
By March 2008, the common view among observers was that it would be impossible to hold the election as early as June. Although no leading political figures had yet expressed that view, in March Gbagbo referred to the importance of considering actual conditions and said that it would not mean "death" if the election was not held in June.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
On 14 April Government Spokesman Amadou Koné announced that the presidential election would be held on 30 November, thus delaying it by five months. According to Koné, the date was chosen by the CEI, which had presented a report to the government. Koné said that the parliamentary election would be held on a different date. Gbagbo expressed enthusiasm on the occasion, describing it as "a great day for Côte d'Ivoire". According to Soro's spokesman Sindou Méité, a "broad consensus" had been reached by Soro and other leading political figures regarding the date.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Background
The PDCI and RDR welcomed the announcement of a date, although they remained cautious; the United Nations Operation in Ivory Coast also welcomed it. On the same day, Gbagbo signed a decree outlining the terms of cooperation between the National Institute of Statistics and the French company Sagem, the latter of which is tasked with surveying the population so that voter lists can be updated and new voter cards can be created.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Campaign
The Ivorian Popular Front boycotted the election, accusing the electoral commission of bias in favour of Alassane Ouattara and accusing the army of intimidating FPI supporters during the campaign. The party also complained of having been limited in informing the electorate, with the pro-FPI newspaper Notre Voie having been banned by the government and many of its journalists arrested or jailed.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Campaign
Gbagbo supporters defying the boycott participated in the election with the coalition National Congress for the Resistance of Democracy. Ouattara's supporters formed the coalition Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace.


2011 Ivorian parliamentary election, Results
Following court challenges to the election of 66 of the MPs, 11 results were declared invalid (five of those were won by the RDR, four by independents, one by the UDPCI).


2011 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series
The 2011 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series took place at Bill Clarke Field in Princeton, New Jersey on May 7 and 8, 2011. The series matched the regular season champions of each of the league's two divisions. Princeton, the winner of the series, claimed the Ivy League's automatic berth in the 2011 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament. It was Princeton's seventh title, extending their lead for most championships. It was also their first championship series win since 2006, when they won their fifth in the previous seven years.


2011 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series
Dartmouth has appeared in the Ivy League Championship Series every year since 2008, winning in 2009 and 2010.


2011 J.League Cup
The 2011 J. League Cup, also known as the 2011 Yamazaki Nabisco Cup for sponsoring purposes, is the 36th edition of the most prestigious Japanese soccer league cup tournament and the 19th edition under the current J. League Cup format. It was scheduled to begin on 16 March 2011 with the first matches of the group stage; however, the competition was postponed due to the aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. Later the beginning of the tournament is set to 5 June, with reducing the number of matches.


2011 J.League Cup, Format
All 18 teams from the 2011 J. League Division 1 will take part in the tournament. Nagoya Grampus, Gamba Osaka, Cerezo Osaka and Kashima Antlers are given a bye to the quarter-final due to the qualification for the AFC Champions League group stage. The remaining 4 teams for quarter-finals are selected from other 14 teams by knockout tournaments of home and away (with away goals rule, except for goals in extra times). Quarter-finals and semifinals will be played as one match at either team's home stadium. The final will also be played as one match, but at neutral venue (National Stadium).


2011 J.League Cup, Format
First, the exact date of the Final has yet to be determined and is subject to possible participation in the 2011 AFC Champions League Final of at least one of the involved clubs. Later the date is set to 29 October.


2011 J.League Cup, Format, Original Format
The original competition format, which is same as the previous tournament and was abandoned due to 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, is:


2011 J.League Cup, Schedule, First round
The first leg is scheduled on 5 June and the second leg on 27 July.


2011 J.League Cup, Schedule, First round
Albirex Niigata and Omiya Ardija received bye for the second round as a result of tournament draws.


2011 J.League Cup, Schedule, Second round
The first leg is scheduled on 14 September and the second leg on 28 September.


2011 J.League Cup Final
The 2011 J. League Cup Final was the 20th final of the J. League Cup competition. The final was played at Tokyo National Stadium in Tokyo on 29 October 2011. The match was contested between the Urawa Red Diamonds who were defeated by the Kashima Antlers in extra time.


2011 J.League Division 1
The 2011 J.League Division 1 season was the 46th season of professional football in Japan, and the 19th since the establishment of the J.League. The season began on March 5 and concluded on December 3. The season was put on hold from March 12 to April 23 due to the aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, therefore canceling a planned five-week summer break between June 27–July 29 in order to allow preparation of the Japanese national team for the 2011 Copa América.


2011 J.League Division 1
The 2011 J.League Division 1 champion also qualified to the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup as the host team, entering the qualifying play-off round.


2011 J.League Division 1
Kashiwa Reysol won a second league title, their first in 39 years and first in the professional J.League era. They also became the first League champions to win the title the season after being promoted as second division champions.


2011 J.League Division 1, Clubs
FC Tokyo, Kyoto Sanga FC and Shonan Bellmare were relegated at the end of the 2010 season after finishing in the bottom three places of the table. Shonan had only played one season in Division 1 while Kyoto  had enjoyed a three-year stay. FC Tokyo had been in the top flight for eleven seasons.


2011 J.League Division 1, Clubs
The three relegated teams were replaced by 2010 J.League Division 2 champions Kashiwa Reysol, runners-up Ventforet Kofu and third-placed team Avispa Fukuoka. Kashiwa had made an immediate return to the top division, while Kofu and Fukuoka ended three- and four-year absences respectively.


2011 J.League Division 1, Attendance
Updated to games played on December 3, 2011Source: Notes:† Team played previous season in J2.


2011 J.League Division 1, In popular culture
This particular season was used as reference in the movie Detective Conan: The Eleventh Striker. Many players in real life actually provide cameo roles for the film, including Kazuyoshi Miura (Yokohama FC), Yasuhito Endō (Gamba Osaka), Yasuyuki Konno (Gamba Osaka), Kengo Nakamura (Kawasaki Frontale), and Seigo Narazaki (Nagoya Grampus). In the movie, a bomber threatens to bomb all the stadiums unless certain conditions are met. The main character, Conan Edogawa, must solve the case and find the culprit. In the movie, two additional fictional teams are added to the squad: Tokyo Spirits and Big Osaka, making the league with 20 teams.


2011 J.League Division 2
The 2011 J.League Division 2 season was the 40th season of the second-tier club football in Japan and the 13th season since the establishment of J2 League. The season began on March 5 and finished on December 3. Due to the aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, the season was put on hold from March 12 to April 23.


2011 J.League Division 2
FC Tokyo won the tournament and returned to J1 immediately after unfortunate relegation that happened last season. By virtue of winning the 2011 Emperor's Cup final, they earned a berth in the 2012 AFC Champions League as well. Sagan Tosu and Consadole Sapporo finished second and third, respectively, and also won the promotion. Consadole are returning to the top flight after three years of absence, while for Tosu this is the first promotion in their history.


2011 J.League Division 2
Sagan became the last of original ten J2 teams to reach J1, passing the inglorious moniker of the longest-staying D2 dweller to Mito HollyHock.


2011 J.League Division 2, Teams
As in the previous seasons, the size of the league was increased by one team to twenty overall. Gainare Tottori as 2010 Japan Football League champions were promoted.


2011 J.League Division 2, Teams
Kashiwa Reysol as champions of the 2010 season, runners-up Ventforet Kofu and third-placed team Avispa Fukuoka were promoted to the 2011 J.League Division 1. Kashiwa made their immediate return to the top division, while Kofu and Fukuoka ended three- and four-year tenures in the J2. The three teams were replaced by FC Tokyo, Kyoto Sanga FC and Shonan Bellmare, who were relegated at the end of the 2010 J.League Division 1 season after finishing in the bottom three places of the table. Shonan only made a cameo appearance at the D1, Kyoto re-entered the second level of the Japanese league pyramid after three years, and Tokyo eventually had to return to the J2 for the first time after eleven seasons.


2011 J.League Division 2, Attendance
Updated to games played on December 3, 2011Source: Notes:† Team played previous season in J1.‡ Team played previous season in JFL.


2011 JK Racing Asia Series
The 2011 JK Racing Asia Series was the first season of the rebranded Formula BMW Pacific Series, which ran for seven seasons in Asia. The championship began on 9 April in Sepang and was scheduled to finish on 30 October in India after eighteen races held at six meetings. However, due to unexpected cancellations, the final meeting was held on 4 December in Sepang.


2011 JK Racing Asia Series
Nine teams fielded 28 full-time and guest drivers during the tour.


2011 JK Racing Asia Series
Austrian rookie Lucas Auer, the nephew of Formula 1 driver Gerhard Berger became the 2011 JK Racing Asia Series Driver Champion with 292 points after scoring 17 podium finishes from 18 races with 7 wins. His nearest competitor, Afiq Ikhwan, took 10 wins during the whole season, equalling the record previously set by Jazeman Jaafar, but only managed second overall with 285 points.


2011 JK Racing Asia Series
Lucas Auer was also crowned the JK Racing Asia Series Rookie of the Year 2011 for finishing the season as the rookie with the most points. After collecting 2 points for taking 2 pole positions in India, Auer made his lead in the rookie standings unassailable, thus deciding the rookie title with 6 races to go. His nearest challenger, Irfan Ilyas from Petronas Mofaz Racing Team managed 135 points from the whole season.


2011 JK Racing Asia Series
Auer's consistent podium finishes also resulted in his team Eurointernational being crowned the JK Racing Asia Series Team Trophy Winners 2011 with 574 points.


2011 JK Racing Asia Series, Race calendar and results
The series' provisional schedule was released on 11 February 2011. Latterly, the round scheduled for the Korea International Circuit on 6–8 May was moved to Guangdong on 13–14 August. The Guangdong round was later cancelled due to a typhoon, and was scheduled to be replaced with an additional round at the Buddh International Circuit on 25–27 November. However, the final meet was moved to the Sepang International Circuit after the Buddh International Circuit had to be closed for maintenance work.


2011 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Dunarc (talk | contribs) at 19:55, 15 June 2020 (→External links:  Categories and sort order). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


2011 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana
The 2011 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which is part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Champaign, United States between 14 and 20 November 2011.


2011 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana, ATP entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2011 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana, ATP entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received entry as a special exempt into the singles main draw:


2011 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana, Champions, Doubles
Rik De Voest /  Izak van der Merwe def. Martin Emmrich /  Andreas Siljeström, 2–6, 6–3, [10–4]


2011 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana – Doubles
Raven Klaasen and Izak van der Merwe were the defending champions but decided not to participate together. Klaasen plays alongside John Paul Fruttero, while van der Merwe partners up with Rik de Voest. They went on to win the title 2–6, 6–3, [10–4] against Martin Emmrich and Andreas Siljeström in the final.


2011 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana – Singles
Alex Bogomolov Jr. was the defending champion but decided not to participate. Alex Kuznetsov won the title, defeating Rik De Voest 6–1, 6–3 in the final.


2011 Jackson State Tigers football team
The 2011 Jackson State Tigers football team represented Jackson State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Tigers were led by sixth year head coach Rick Comegy and played their home games at Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium. They were a member of the East Division Southwestern Athletic Conference and finished the 2011 season with an overall record of 9–2.


2011 Jacksonville Dolphins football team
The 2011 Jacksonville Dolphins football team represented Jacksonville University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Dolphins were led by fifth-year head coach Kerwin Bell and played their home games at D. B. Milne Field. They are a member of the Pioneer Football League. They finished the season 7–4, 6–2 in PFL play to finish in third place.


2011 Jacksonville Jaguars season
The 2011 Jacksonville Jaguars season was the franchise's 17th season in the National Football League and the 9th under head coach Jack Del Rio, who was fired on November 29 and replaced on an interim basis by defensive coordinator Mel Tucker. The team had hoped to improve on their 8–8 record from 2010, but exceeded their loss total in Week 13, and were officially eliminated from postseason contention. With the 10th pick in the 2011 NFL Draft, they selected quarterback Blaine Gabbert from the University of Missouri, and Gabbert would replace Luke McCown as the starting quarterback in Week 3.


2011 Jacksonville Jaguars season
The 2011 season saw a dramatic increase in production from the Jaguars defense. This was due in part to off-season acquisitions Dwight Lowery, Dawan Landry, and Drew Coleman in the secondary; linebackers Clint Session and Paul Posluszny; and defensive linemen Matt Roth and John Chick. The development of players such as Terrance Knighton, Tyson Alualu, and Jeremy Mincey also helped improve the pass rush. Even after suffering a multitude of injuries, the Jaguars defense managed to finish with the 6th ranked overall defense in the NFL (The team had finished 28th overall in 2010). Jacksonville's offense, however, was not as efficient. The Jaguars finished last in the NFL in passing yards and total offensive yards gained in 2011.


2011 Jacksonville Jaguars season, Preseason, Schedule
The Jaguars' preseason schedule was announced on April 12, 2011.


2011 Jacksonville Sharks season
The 2011 Jacksonville Sharks season was the second season for the franchise in the Arena Football League. The team was coached by Les Moss and played their home games at Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena. In the regular season, the Sharks went 14–4, qualifying for the playoffs as the top seed in the American Conference. After defeating the Orlando Predators in the conference semifinals, they beat the Georgia Force in the American Conference championship. Advancing to ArenaBowl XXIV, the Sharks triumphed over the Arizona Rattlers on a last-second game-winning touchdown pass to win their first ArenaBowl championship.


2011 Jacksonville Sharks season, Standings
z - Clinched division and conference's best recordx - Clinched playoff berth


2011 Jacksonville Sharks season, Season schedule, Regular season
The Sharks will begin the season on the road against the Arizona Rattlers on March 12. Their home opener will be on March 18 against the Georgia Force. They hosted the Spokane Shock in their final regular season game on July 22.


2011 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team
The 2011 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team represented Jacksonville State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Gamecocks were by 12th-year head coach Jack Crowe and played their home games at JSU Stadium. They are a member of the Ohio Valley Conference. They finished the season 7–4 overall and 6–2 in OVC play to claim a share of the conference title with Eastern Kentucky and Tennessee Tech. Despite the conference title, the Gamecocks were not invited to the FCS playoffs. Jacksonville State lost to both Tennessee Tech and Eastern Kentucky that season.


2011 Jacksonville mayoral election
The Jacksonville mayoral election of 2011 determined the Mayor of Jacksonville, Florida. A blanket primary with six candidates together on the same ballot took place March 22, 2011. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a runoff election between the top two vote-getters, Republican Mike Hogan and Democrat Alvin Brown, took place on May 17, 2011. In a close race, Brown defeated Hogan to become Jacksonville's first African-American mayor.


2011 Jacksonville mayoral election
The runoff saw Brown win the narrowest election in Jacksonville mayoral history. Brown had widely been considered an underdog.


2011 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation
The 2011 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation (Chinese: 2011年度十大勁歌金曲頒獎典禮) was held on January 8, 2012. It is part of the Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation series.


2011 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation, Top 10 song awards
The top 10 songs (十大勁歌金曲) of 2011 are as follows.


2011 Jalisco Open
The 2011 Jalisco Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which is part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Guadalajara, Mexico between 20 and 26 June 2011.


2011 Jalisco Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2011 Jalisco Open, Singles main draw entrants, Other Entrants
The following players received entry as a Lucky Loser into the singles main draw:


2011 Jalisco Open, Champions, Doubles
Vasek Pospisil /  Bobby Reynolds def. Pierre-Ludovic Duclos /  Ivo Klec, 6–4, 6–7(6), [10–6]


2011 Jalisco Open – Doubles
Vasek Pospisil and Bobby Reynolds won the first edition of this tournament, beating Pierre-Ludovic Duclos and Ivo Klec 6–4, 6–7(6), [10–6] in the final.


2011 Jalisco Open – Singles
2nd seed Paul Capdeville won the final, defeating Pierre-Ludovic Duclos 7–5, 6–1.


2011 Jamaican general election
General elections were held in Jamaica on 29 December 2011. The elections were contested mainly between the nation's two major political parties, the governing Jamaica Labour Party (JLP), led by Andrew Holness, and the Portia Simpson-Miller-led opposition People's National Party (PNP). The result was a landslide victory for the PNP which won 42 of the 63 seats, a two-thirds majority.


2011 Jamaican general election, Background
Since the previous elections in 2007, the number of seats had been increased from 60 (an even number) to 63 (an odd number). The close results of the 2007 general election spurred the change as the Electoral Commission concluded that a tie would not be resolved.