2011 Dutch Senate election, Vote weights
The provinces have different population sizes, so the members of the States-Provincial cast weighted votes, to ensure that each vote represents the same number of people. The weight is determined by dividing the population of the province by the number of seats in the States of that province. This number is divided by 100 and rounded.


2011 Dutch Senate election, Result
The coalition parties VVD and CDA and their supporting party, the PVV, won 37 seats in this election, one short of an overall majority. However, the coalition-friendly SGP won the last needed seat, and it is expected that the SGP will help the cabinet in obtaining a majority on most issues.


2011 Dutch Senate election, Result
- * Democrats 66 missed a seat and the Socialist Party gained one due to a mistake of North Holland States-Provincial member Wim Cool, who voted with a blue writing device instead of the prescribed red one.


2011 Dutch TT
The 2011 Dutch TT was the seventh round of the 2011 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 23–25 June 2011 at the TT Circuit Assen.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
This race was most notable for Marco Simoncelli taking out Jorge Lorenzo on the opening lap, as well as Ben Spies' first and only victory in the premier class.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Casey Stoner has a small lead over second place contender Jorge Lorenzo , the Australian having 116 and the Spaniard 98 points in the world championship title after six rounds. A bit further behind is Andrea Dovizioso in third with 83 points.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
The man who grabbed pole on Saturday is Marco Simoncelli - his second and final pole position before his tragic death later that year in Malaysia - with a time of 1'34.718. American Ben Spies lines up in second place, being + 0.009 seconds slower than the Italian and world championship leader Casey Stoner in third, +0.281 seconds behind. The second row of the grid consists out of Jorge Lorenzo in fourth, Andrea Dovizioso in fifth and Cal Crutchlow in sixth. Loris Capirossi did not participare due to an injury and Dani Pedrosa was also not present due to his fractured right collarbone.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
With the conditions being uncertain before the riders even took off to do their warm-up lap, confusion reigned. The race had originally been declared a wet-weather race, but as the track started to dry up more and more minutes before the start, it was declared a dry race and riders were allowed to change their tyres. During the sighting lap, Spies chose to change tyres right before the pit lane closed, putting on slicks when leader Simoncelli had full wet tyres on instead. Multiple other riders have decided to do the same, some being Crutchlow, Stoner, Lorenzo and Dovizioso, with Simoncelli eventually also opting to change.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Eventually, all the riders take off and do their warm-up lap before lining up in their respective grid slots. As the lights go out, Simoncelli has a good start but Spies has a better one, going side-by-side heading to the Haarbocht (Turn 1) on the opening lap. However, it is Lorenzo who pips both as they go into the right-handed, losing acceleration as he puts his wheel on the still web kerb, allowing Spies to pass him and take over the lead from both at Madijk (Turn 2).


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Stoner behind them has dropped back to seventh after a poor start, with both Crutchlow, Colin Edwards and Dovizioso passing him for fourth, fifth and sixth place. At Madijk and Ossebroeken (Turn 3), Dovizioso passes both Edwards and Crutchlow, promoting him up to fourth position.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
At the narrow Strubben hairpin (Turn 5), Simoncelli has a huge moment trying to take Lorenzo's second place and highsides out of the race, taking down Lorenzo with him, promoting Dovizioso up into second and Stoner - who had passed Edwards by going down his inside at Strubben for sixth and fifth at the Veenslang, into third. This has allowed Spies to build up a small gap over the Repsol Honda duo of Dovizioso and Stoner.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Further back, Valentino Rossi - who is now sixth thanks to the collision between Simoncelli and Lorenzo - is fighting for track position with Factory Ducati teammate Nicky Hayden at the Ruskenhoek (Turn 7). Both eventually manage to get their bikes restarted but are now very far behind the pack, who has almost completed the first lap by now.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap two, Spies has opened up a significant gap back to Dovizioso, who is now being harassed by his teammate Stoner. Further back, Rossi has managed to overtake Edwards for fifth. Stoner passes Dovizioso for second by diving down his inside at the Ossebroeken as Karel Abraham has gone down, sliding out at the entrance of the Geert Timmer Bocht (Turn 17), the Czech rider holding his arm in pain as a result. Randy de Puniet has also gone down, the Frenchman walking away unhurt and crossing the track calmly to the pits. By now, the field has stabilised.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap three and Spies sets the fastest lap of the race. The top six now is as follows: Spies, Stoner, Dovizioso, Crutchlow, Rossi and Hayden, who passed Edwards before the start/finish straight. The gap Spies has to Stoner is +4.048 seconds in sector two, which increases to +4.124 in sector three and +4.197 seconds at the start/finish straight.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap four, Dovizioso is all over the back of Stoner, shadowing him for the time being. The gap Spies has to Stoner is now +4.212 seconds at sector two, then increases to +4.287 seconds in the final sector.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap five and the front is still very much stable, although the Factory Ducati duo of Rossi and Hayden are being shadowed by the Monster Tech 3 Yamaha pair of Crutchlow and Edwards now. At the back, replacement rider Kousuke Akiyoshi has overtaken Héctor Barberá for eleventh place, with the Spaniard retaking the place almost immediately after.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap six, Stoner now sets the fastest lap of the race. Dovizioso has now backed off, probably not being able to match Stoner's pace. By now, Lorenzo has reached the backmarkers Akiyoshi and Barberá and is battling for twelfth and eleventh place. Lorenzo easily takes thirteenth away from Akiyoshi by taking a tighter line at the Ossebroeken, then easily takes twelfth from Barberá by diving down his inside at the Strubben hairin.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap seven, it is now Dovizioso who sets the fastest lap. The gap Spies has to Stoner is +3.845 seconds at the end of last lap, then it decreases to +3.830 seconds in sector one, then decreases again in sector two to just +3.747 seconds, then it decreases again to +3.651 seconds in sector three before increasing again to +3.881 seconds at the start/finish straight.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap eight has started and the gap Spies has to Stoner decreases in sector one to +3.662 seconds, then it decreases slightly to +6.625 seconds in sector two.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap nine, Stoner sets the fastest lap of the race. The gap Spies has to Stoner is still going down - it now being +3.515 seconds on the last lap. The gap decreases quite heavily in sector one to +3.234 seconds before increasing again slightly to +3.373 seconds in sector two. In sector three, the gap increases again to +3.463 seconds before increasing once more at the start/finish straight to +3.572 seconds.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap ten and the top six is as follows: Spies, Stoner, Dovizioso, Rossi, Crutchlow and Edwards. The gap Spies had to Stoner - which was +3.572 seconds -, has decreased to +3.406 seconds in sector one before decreasing again to +3.558 seconds in sector two. The gap decreases again very slightly in sector three to +3.555 as Spies has a slight moment exiting the Ramshoek (Turn 15). Further back, Lorenzo has caught and passed Álvaro Bautista at the straight before the entrance of De Bult (Turn 9) for tenth.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap eleven, the front is still stable. The gap Spies has to Stoner is +3.561 in sector two, decreasing again in sector three to +3.485 seconds and increasing slightly at the start/finish straight to +3.496 seconds.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap twelve and Stoner sets another fastest lap. Crutchlow enters the pits after riding a strong fourth position to retire from the race due to mechanical issues. The gap Spies has to Stoner meanwhile has decreased again to +3.307 seconds in sector one, increasing to +3.547 in sector two.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap thirteen - the halfway point of the race -, the front is still stable. The gap Spies has to Stoner is now +3.667 seconds in sector one, decreasing to +3.619 seconds in sector two, increasing again in sector thee to +3.851 seconds. Meanwhile at the back, Lorenzo has caught and passed Toni Elías for eighth place (all riders moving up one place due to Crutchlow's retirement) by passing him at the inside of Strubben. At the start/finish straight, the gap has increased once more to +3.953 seconds.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap fourteen and Spies' gap to Stoner is decreasing slightly to +3.925 seconds. Lorenzo meanwhile is rapidly gaining on seventh place replacement rider Hiroshi Aoyama - the gap diminishing from 2.382 seconds at the start/finish straight to +2.128 seconds in sector one and +1.714 seconds in sector two and +1.040 seconds in sector three. Crutchlow meanwhile has decided to participate in the race again, continuing in last place. Meanwhile at the front, Spies' gap to Stoner decreases again to +3.829 seconds in sector one.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lorenzo's gap at the beginning of this lap (he is very far back to the leaders) is now only +0.521 seconds back to Aoyama's Repsol Honda as Spies' gap to Stoner increases again to +4.017 seconds in sector two. In sector three, the gap increases again very slightly to +4.018 seconds, the gap decreasing at the start/finish straight to +4.013 seconds. Lorenzo at the back has now caught Aoyama and stalks him for a couple of corners, passing him by diving down his inside at De Bult to take seventh.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap fifteen, the gap Spies has to Stoner decreases again to +3.969 seconds in sector one. Simoncelli further back has passed Barberá at the lap before by going up his inside at the entrance of the Geert Timmer Bocht and is now up into eleventh place.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap sixteen and the gap Spies has to Stoner is now +4.101 seconds in sector one. It increases to +4.400 seconds in sector two as backmarker Akiyoshi moves out of the way for Spies to get lapped, then increases again in sector three to +4.465 seconds and eventually becoming +4.579 seconds at the start/finish straight, another increase.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap seventeen, Spies' gap to Stoner increases again to +4.703 seconds in sector one before increasing again to +4.823 seconds in sector two. In sector three, the gap decreases to +4.657 seconds and at the start/finish line, the gap is +4.716, another increase.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap eighteen and the front is still stable. Spies' gap to Stoner is now over five seconds - +5.103 seconds in sector two to be precise. The American rider is now coming up to Barberá to lap him as the gap increases to +5.273 seconds in sector three and +5.272 seconds at the start/finish straight, a slight decrease.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap nineteen, Hayden has passed Edwards for fifth place. The gap Spies has to Stoner is now +5.493 seconds in sector one, an increase. In sector two, the gap increases again to +5.635 seconds, decreasing in sector three to +5.563 seconds. At the start/finish straight, the gap is +5.522 seconds, another decrease.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap twenty-one, the gap Spies has to Stoner was +5.592 seconds on the last lap. The front is still very much stable.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap twenty-two and Lorenzo has caught and passed Edwards, promoting him to sixth place as he easily goes down his inside at the Stekkenwal.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap twenty-three, Spies' gap to Stoner is now over six seconds, namely +6.108 seconds in sector one. This gap increases to +6.365 seconds in sector two as Lorenzo is now also quickly catching Hayden for fifth position, his gap diminishing from +8.133 seconds in sector one to +7.746 seconds in sector two.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Lap twenty-four and the gap Hayden has to Lorenzo continues to get smaller, from +7.746 seconds in sector two to +7.115 seconds in sector three and +6.630 seconds at the start/finish straight. The gap continues to diminish, it now being +6.108 seconds in sector one. Simoncelli has also caught and passed Bautista for tenth.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
On lap twenty-five, the penultimate lap, Hayden's gap to Lorenzo is still diminishing. It now being +5.945 seconds in sector two and +5.506 in sector three. At the start/finish straight, the gap is +5.267 seconds, another decrease. At sector one, the gap decreases once more to under five seconds - +4.815 seconds to be precise, with yet another decrease at sector two to +4.555 seconds.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
The final lap - lap twenty-six - has begun and Spies is still comfortably leading, followed by the Repsol Honda pair of Stoner and Dovizioso. Further back is Rossi and Hayden, with Lorenzo in sixth still hunting down Hayden. In sector three, the gap Hayden has to Lorenzo has decreased to +4.084 seconds. Spies rides a trouble-free last lap to cross the line and win the race - his first ever win in the MotoGP class - as the spectators applaud for him.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Stoner pops a wheelie as he crosses the line second, with a bit further back Dovizioso coming home third. Rossi is not too far back to finish fourth, Hayden - almost being caught by Lorenzo - comes home fifth and Lorenzo in sixth place. As Lorenzo crosses the lone, he shakes his head in anger during the parade lap back to parc fermé. Simoncelli finishes ninth as he also managed to take Elías on the final lap.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
During the parade lap, both Stoner and Rossi congratulate him while still on their respective bikes. Spies waves at the crowd as fellow American Hayden comes and congratulates him also, shaking his hand in the process. Lorenzo congratulates him as well, giving him a thumbs up. Stoner then does another wheelie and waves at the crowd, Dovizioso doing likewise. As Spies rides back to the pits, he waves at the crowd in jubilant fashion.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Stoner has already arrived at parc fermé, talking to his wife Adriana Tuchyna. Spies is still on his way as the Ducati crew congratulates Rossi for his excellent fourth place position on the Ducati, his brother hugging him also. Spies has now finally arrived at parc fermé, some Yamaha crewmembers congratulating a shocked and happy Spies as he steps off his bike.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Simoncelli goes to his pit box as his crewmembers check his damaged bike as Spies hugs one of his own crewmen as he happily talks to them, then takes off his helmet and walks to his mother and the Yamaha Factory Racing boss to get a kiss and a handshake, being stopped to shake hands with Stoner beforehand also. Another Yamaha crewmember and his trainer both give him a hug before walking off. A happy Spies briefly poses for the camera's as the rest is still talking to the press at parc fermé, then walks off. Back at the Repsol Honda pit box, replacement rider Aoyama holds up a sign in front of the camera with the text "Dani, come back soon. Animo !!" to wish Pedrosa a speedy recovery (he would eventually come back in the race, the Italian round).


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
The trio goes up to the podium and Dovizioso is the first one to step on it, followed by Stoner and a delighted Spies who calmly steps on it. Arjan Bos, then TT-Assen President of the Board hands out the constructors trophy to the chief crewmember of the Factory Yamaha team, then the third place trophy to Dovizioso. Alfredo Altavilla - then CEO of Iveco - hands out the second place trophy to Stoner and Jacques Tichelaar - then the Queen's Commissioner - handed the winners' trophy to Spies, who calmly accepts it and presents it.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
The American national anthem plays for Spies and as it stops, the trio get the champagne handed, which they then start to spray on each other before Spies storms off the podium to spray his chief crewmember. Spies takes a sip of it as he walks back to the podium and celebrates with Stoner once more with the champagne bottles, taking another sip as well.


2011 Dutch TT, MotoGP race report
Spies' win does not cause any big shakeups in the world championship title, Simoncelli knocking out Lorenzo early on and Stoner finishing second does. Stoner now increases his championship lead as he has 136 points, 28 more than Lorenzo who is second with 108 points. Dovizioso is still third with 99 points. New in the top five is Hayden, who moves up into fifth place in the standings with 71 points thanks to Pedrosa's absence.


2011 Dutch TT, Championship standings after the race (MotoGP)
Below are the standings for the top five riders and constructors after round seven has concluded.


2011 Dutch island council elections
Island council elections were held in the Caribbean Netherlands on 2 March 2011 to elect the members of the island councils of Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius. They were the first island council elections since the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles in 2010.


2011 Dutch island council elections
The elections were held on the same day as the provincial elections in the European Netherlands. The election was won by the Bonaire Patriotic Union (4 seats) in Bonaire, the Windward Islands People's Movement (4 seats) in Saba, and the Democratic Party (2 seats) in Sint Eustatius.


2011 Dutch provincial elections
Provincial elections were held in the Netherlands on Wednesday 2 March 2011. Eligible voters elected the members of the States-Provincial in the twelve provinces. These elections also indirectly determined the members of the Senate, since the 566 members of the twelve States-Provincial elected the Senate's 75 members in the Senate election on 23 May 2011.


2011 Dutch provincial elections
The Senate election, and therefore the provincial elections, were important since the First Rutte cabinet had a minority in the Senate when it took office. The coalition and support parties hoped to gain a majority in the Senate through these elections, but failed to do so, obtaining 37 out of 75 seats. However, it was expected that the small Christian party SGP, which obtained one seat, would support the cabinet.


2011 Dutch provincial elections
On the same date, Island Council elections were held in the three public bodies of the Caribbean Netherlands. It was planned that the members of the Island Councils would also have a vote in the Senate election in the future, but in 2011 this was not yet the case because this required a change in the Constitution.


2011 Dutch provincial elections, Results
The right-liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, left-liberal Democrats 66, and right-wing Party for Freedom made significant gains throughout the provinces. The Labour Party stayed relatively stable, while the Socialist Party suffered losses from their 2007 results. The Christian Democratic Appeal suffered big losses, losing some 65 of their previous 151 provincial seats. However, the party didn't fare as bad as the polls had suggested.


2011 Dutch provincial elections, Results
This was the first provincial elections that Geert Wilders' Party for Freedom participated in. The party managed to win seats in all of the Netherlands' provinces with its best results in the southern provinces of North Brabant and Limburg. In Limburg it even managed to become the biggest party by a slim margin.


2011 Dutch provincial elections, Results, National results
Due to population growth in Gelderland, the number of seats in the States of Gelderland increased from 53 to 55, accounting for the increase in the total number of seats from 564 to 566.


2011 Dutch provincial elections, By province
A "-" in the table means that the relevant party did not submit a list of candidates in the 2011 elections in the province concerned.


2011 Dwars door Vlaanderen
The 2011 Dwars door Vlaanderen was the 66th edition of the Dwars door Vlaanderen cycle race and was held on 23 March 2011. The race started in Roeselare and finished in Waregem. The race was won by Nick Nuyens.


2011 E3 Prijs Vlaanderen
The 2011 E3 Prijs Vlaanderen – Harelbeke took place on 26 March 2011. It was the 54th edition of the international classic E3 Prijs Vlaanderen – Harelbeke and is rated as a 1.HC event on the UCI Europe Tour. This edition was won by Leopard Trek's rider Fabian Cancellara.


2011 ECAC Hockey Men's Ice Hockey Tournament
The 2011 ECAC Hockey Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was played between March 4 and March 19, 2011 at campus locations and at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States. Yale won its second ECAC Hockey Men's Ice Hockey Tournament and received ECAC Hockey's automatic bid to the 2011 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.


2011 ECAC Hockey Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Format
The tournament features four rounds of play. In the first round, the fifth and twelfth, sixth and eleventh, seventh and tenth, and eighth and ninth seeds as determined by the final regular season standings play a best-of-three series, with the winner advancing to the quarterfinals. There, the first seed and lowest-ranked first-round winner, the second seed and second-lowest-ranked first-round winner, the third seed and second-highest-ranked first-round winner, and the fourth seed and highest-ranked first-round winner play a best-of-three series, with the winner advancing to the semifinals. In the semifinals, the highest and lowest seeds and second-highest and second-lowest seeds play a single game, with the winner advancing to the championship game and the loser advancing to the third-place game. The tournament champion receives an automatic bid to the 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Ice Hockey Tournament.


2011 ECAC Hockey Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Format, Regular season standings
Note: GP = Games Played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; PTS = Points; GF = Goals For; GA = Goals Against


2011 EMF miniEURO
The 2011 European minifootball Championships was the second edition of the unofficial European minifootball championships, a forerunner of the EMF miniEURO, a competition for national Small-sided football teams. It was hosted in Tulcea, Romania, from 5 to 6 November 2011.


2011 EMF miniEURO
The defending champions, Romania, kept their title by overcoming Czech Republic 5–4 on penalties after 3–3 in the final.


2011 EMF miniEURO, Knockout stage
The knockout stage matches were played on 6 November 2011. If a match is drawn after 40 minutes of regular play, a penalty shoot-out is used to determine the winner.


2011 EO40
2011 EO40 is an asteroid, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group. It is a possible candidate for the parent body of the Chelyabinsk superbolide.


2011 EO40, Discovery, orbit and physical properties
2011 EO40 was discovered by Richard A. Kowalski on 10 March 2011 while observing for the Mount Lemmon Survey.


2011 EO40, Discovery, orbit and physical properties
Its orbit is typical of Apollo asteroids and is characterized by significant eccentricity (0.54), low inclination (3.36º), and a semi-major axis of 1.65 AU. Upon discovery, it was classified as an Earth crosser, a near-Earth asteroid (NEA) and a potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA) by the Minor Planet Center. It was listed on the Sentry Risk Table for less than one day. Its orbit is in need of additional observations to determine if it is part of an asteroid family; as of October 2015 the orbit is determined using just twenty observations spanning an observation arc of 34 days. 2011 EO40 has an absolute magnitude of 21.5, which gives a characteristic diameter of about 200 metres (660 ft).


2011 EO40, Relationship to the Chelyabinsk superbolide
Recent calculations indicate that this object is a plausible candidate to be the parent body of the Chelyabinsk superbolide, since its orbit is very similar to the computed, pre-impact path of the Chelyabinsk meteoroid. It has relatively frequent close encounters with Venus, the Earth–Moon system, and Mars. It had a close encounter with Earth on 28 January 2011 at 0.0953 AU (14,260,000 km; 8,860,000 mi), and it will have a nominal Earth approach on 23 September 2025 at about 0.06 AU (9,000,000 km; 5,600,000 mi). Asteroid 2011 EO40 experiences close approaches to the Earth–Moon system following a rather regular pattern, every 17 years approximately due to the combined action of multiple secular resonances.


2011 EO40, Visibility
Future opposition windows are: 7 June 2016 at magnitude 24.5, and 28 May 2018 at magnitude 24.6. The best observation window will be on 2–23 September 2025. Depending on the Earth approach distance (0.04–0.12 AU), it should be brighter than magnitude 19.


2011 ES4
2011 ES4 (also written 2011 ES4) is an Apollo near-Earth asteroid roughly 22–49 meters (72–160 feet) in diameter. It was first observed on 2 March 2011 when the asteroid was about 0.054 AU (8,100,000 km; 5,000,000 mi) from Earth and had a solar elongation of 159 degrees. It passed closest approach to Earth on 13 March 2011. Before the 2020 approach, the asteroid had a short observation arc of 4 days and had not been observed since March 2011. The asteroid was expected to pass within 1 lunar distance of Earth in early September 2020, but did not.


2011 ES4
There was no risk of a 2020 impact because the line of variation (LOV) did not pass through where Earth would be, and the closest possible 2020 Earth approach was about 0.00047 AU (70,000 km; 44,000 mi). One line of variation showed the asteroid passing closest to Earth on 5 September 2020 at 0.06 AU (9,000,000 km; 5,600,000 mi) with a magnitude of 23, which would place it near the limiting magnitude of even the best automated astronomical surveys.


2011 ES4
2011 ES4 was recovered as P1154IU on 5 September 2020 at apparent magnitude 18. It passed 0.009886 AU (3.847 LD; 1,478,900 km; 919,000 mi) from Earth on 2 September 2020. With the observation arc being extended to 9 years, it was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 6 September 2020.


2011 ES4, 2019
NEODyS and JPL Horizons show the asteroid came to opposition (opposite the Sun in the sky) around 8–13 December 2019 at around apparent magnitude 24.8. (Magnitude 24.8 is about 30 times fainter than the more common magnitude 21 detected by automated Near-Earth object surveys.) During opposition, the uncertainty in the asteroid's sky position covered about 3.8 degrees of the sky.


2011 ES4, 2020
On 2 September 2020 the asteroid passed 0.009886 AU (3.847 LD; 1,478,900 km; 919,000 mi) from Earth and was recovered as P1154IU at apparent magnitude 18 on 5 September 2020.


2011 ES4, 2020
Prior to its recovery in 2020, 2011 ES4 had a short 4-day observation arc. Around 1 September 2020 (±8 days), it was expected to pass about 0.0008 AU (120,000 km; 74,000 mi) from Earth but could also pass as far away as 0.11 AU (16,000,000 km; 10,000,000 mi), which could make it much fainter and harder to spot again (recover). It could have been around magnitude 22–24 with recovery efforts challenged by the brightness of a 2 September full Moon. Opposition from the Sun did not occur until mid-September.


2011 ES4, 2020
There was no risk of impact as the line of variation (LOV) did not pass through where Earth would be, which computed a closest possible approach of 0.00047 AU (70,000 km; 44,000 mi). JPL Horizons predicted the asteroid to be hidden in the Sun's glare until hours before closest approach. NEODyS did not expect the asteroid to be more than 50 degrees from the Sun until 30 August.


2011 ES4, 2055
With a 9 year observation arc it is known that the asteroid will be 2.1 AU (310,000,000 km; 200,000,000 mi) from Earth on 2 September 2055 (with an uncertainty of ±10 thousand km) and therefore there is no risk of an impact. When there was only a short 4-day observation arc, the Sentry Risk Table showed an estimated 1 in 67000 chance of the asteroid impacting Earth on 2 September 2055. The nominal JPL Horizons 2 September 2055 Earth distance was estimated at 0.8 AU (120,000,000 km; 74,000,000 mi) with a 3-sigma uncertainty of ±40 trillion km. (Due to the short 4-day observation arc, between 2011 and 2055 the uncertainty region grew to wrap around the entire orbit so the asteroid could be anywhere on any of the numerous orbit fits.)


2011 ES4, 2055
With a diameter between the 20-meter Chelyabinsk meteor and the 50-meter Tunguska event, 2011 ES4 has the potential to do structural damage to a city since asteroids around a diameter of 40 meters can cause wood frame buildings to collapse. However as there are numerous variables, the actual effect of an impact might be similar to the smaller of these two events with widespread injuries and damage to buildings if it occurred over a populated area. At 25 meters in diameter it would be a blast equivalent to the high altitude air detonation of a nuclear weapon of around half a megaton yield.


2011 ES4, 2121
Around 3 September 2121 (±2 days), it is expected to pass between 0.0007 AU (0.27 LD; 100,000 km; 65,000 mi) and 0.04 AU (6,000,000 km; 3,700,000 mi) from Earth.


2011 ESF Men's European Club Championship
The 2011 ESF men's EC club championships was an international softball competition being held at Hurricane Park, Hørsholm, Denmark from August 22 to August 27, 2011. It was the 22nd edition of the tournament and in the end, the Hørsholm Hurricanes won their first title.


2011 ESPY Awards
The 19th ESPY Awards were held on July 13, 2011, at the Nokia Theatre, hosted by Seth Meyers. ESPY Award is short for Excellence in Sports Performance Yearly Award.


2011 ESPY Awards, Categories
There are 33 categories. The winners are listed first in bold. Other nominees are in alphabetical order.


2011 East Africa drought
Between July 2011 and mid-2012, a severe drought affected the entire East African region. Said to be "the worst in 60 years", the drought caused a severe food crisis across Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Kenya that threatened the livelihood of 9.5 million people. Many refugees from southern Somalia fled to neighboring Kenya and Ethiopia, where crowded, unsanitary conditions together with severe malnutrition led to a large number of deaths. Other countries in East Africa, including Sudan, South Sudan and parts of Uganda, were also affected by a food crisis.


2011 East Africa drought
According to FAO-Somalia, the food crisis in Somalia primarily affected farmers in the south rather than the northern pastoralists. Human Rights Watch (HRW) consequently noted that most of the displaced persons belonged to the agro-pastoral Rahanweyn clan and the agricultural Bantu ethnic minority group. On 20 July, the United Nations officially declared famine in two regions in the southern part of the country (IPC Phase 5), the first time a famine had been declared in the region by the UN in nearly thirty years. Tens of thousands of people are believed to have died in southern Somalia before famine was declared. This was mainly a result of Western governments preventing aid from reaching affected areas in an attempt to weaken the Al-Shabaab militant group, against whom they were engaged.


2011 East Africa drought
Although fighting disrupted aid delivery in some areas, a scaling up of relief operations in mid-November had unexpectedly significantly reduced malnutrition and mortality rates in southern Somalia, prompting the UN to downgrade the humanitarian situation in the Bay, Bakool and Lower Shabele regions from famine to emergency levels. According to the Lutheran World Federation, military activities in the country's southern conflict zones had also by early December 2011 greatly reduced the movement of migrants. By February 2012, several thousand people had also begun returning to their homes and farms. In addition, humanitarian access to rebel-controlled areas had improved and rainfall had surpassed expectations, improving the prospects of a good harvest in early 2012.


2011 East Africa drought
By January 2012, the food crisis in southern Somalia was no longer at emergency levels according to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). The UN indicated in February 2012 that indirect data from health and relief centers pointed to improved general conditions from August 2011. The UN also announced that the famine in southern Somalia was over. However, FEWS NET indicated that Emergency (IPC Phase 4) levels of food insecurity persisted through March in several areas on account of crop flooding and ongoing military operations in these areas, which restricted humanitarian access, trade and movement.


2011 East Africa drought
Aid agencies subsequently shifted their emphasis to recovery efforts, including digging irrigation canals and distributing plant seeds. Long-term strategies by national governments in conjunction with development agencies were said to offer the most sustainable results.


2011 East Africa drought, Background
Weather conditions over the Pacific, including an unusually strong La Niña, interrupted seasonal rains for two consecutive seasons. The rains failed in 2011 in Kenya and Ethiopia, and for the previous two years in Somalia. In many areas, the precipitation rate during the main rainy season from April to June, the primary season, was less than 30% of the average of 1995–2010. The lack of rain led to crop failure and widespread loss of livestock, as high as 40–60% in some areas, which decreased milk production as well as exacerbating a poor harvest. As a result, cereal prices rose to record levels while livestock prices and wages fell, reducing purchasing power across the region. Rains were also not expected to return until September of the year. The crisis is compounded by rebel activity around southern Somalia from the Al-Shabaab group.


2011 East Africa drought, Background
The head of the United States Agency for International Development, Rajiv Shah, stated that climate change contributed to the severity of the crisis. "There's no question that hotter and drier growing conditions in sub-Saharan Africa have reduced the resiliency of these communities." On the other hand, two experts with the International Livestock Research Institute suggested that it was premature to blame climate change for the drought. Indeed, the majority of climate models had predicted a long-term increase in rain for this area. While there is consensus that a particularly strong La Niña contributed to the intensity of the drought, the relationship between La Niña and climate change is not well-established.


2011 East Africa drought, Background
The failure of the international community to heed the early warning system was criticized for leading to a worsening of the crisis. The Famine Early Warning Systems Network, financed by U.S.A.I.D., anticipated the crisis as early as August 2010, and by January 2011, the Americanambassador to Kenya declared a disaster and called for urgent assistance. On 7 June 2011, FEWS NET declared that the crisis was "the most severe food security emergency in the world today, and the current humanitarian response is inadequate to prevent further deterioration".


2011 East Africa drought, Background
The UN later announced on 28 June that 12 million people in the East Africa region were affected by the drought and that some areas were on the brink of famine, with many displaced in search of water and food. Oxfam's humanitarian director Jane Cocking stated that "This is a preventable disaster and solutions are possible". Suzanne Dvorak, the chief executive of Save the Children, wrote that "politicians and policymakers in rich countries are often skeptical about taking preventative action because they think aid agencies are inflating the problem.


2011 East Africa drought, Background
Developing country governments are embarrassed about being seen as unable to feed their people. [ ...] these children are wasting away in a disaster that we could—and should—have prevented." Soon after a famine was declared in parts of southern Somalia. Oxfam also charged several European governments of "wilful neglect" over the crisis. It issued a statement saying that "The warning signs have been seen for months, and the world has been slow to act. Much greater long-term investment is needed in food production and basic development to help people cope with poor rains and ensure that this is the last famine in the region."


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
On 20 July 2011, the UN declared a famine in the Lower Shabelle and Bakool, two regions of southern Somalia. On 3 August, famine was further declared in the Balcad and Cadale districts in Middle Shabelle as well as the IDP settlements in Mogadishu and Afgooye in response to data from the UN's food security and nutrition analysis unit. According to the UN, famine would spread to all eight regions of southern Somalia in four to six weeks due to inadequate humanitarian response caused both by ongoing access restrictions and funding gaps. The Economist also reported that widespread famine would soon occur across the entire Horn of Africa, "a situation...not seen for 25 years".


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
According to Luca Alivoni, the head of FAO-Somalia, the food crisis in Somalia has primarily affected farmers in the south rather than the northern pastoralists since farmers often stay behind on their land plots to "protect their crops", while herders move with their livestock to pastureland.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
On 20 July 2011, staple prices were at 68% over the five-year average, including increases of up to 240% in southern Somalia, 117% in south-eastern Ethiopia, and 58% in northern Kenya. In early July, the UN World Food Programme said that it expected 10 million people across the Horn of Africa region to need food aid, revising upward an earlier estimate of 6 million. Later in the month, the UN further updated the figure to 12 million, with 2.8 million in southern Somalia alone, which was the most affected area.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
On 3 August, the UN declared famine in three other regions of southern Somalia, citing worsening conditions and inadequate humanitarian response. Famine was expected to spread across all regions of the south in the following four to six weeks. On 5 Sep, the UN added the entire Bay region in Somalia to the list of famine-stricken areas. The UN has conducted several airlifts of supplies in addition to on-the-ground assistance, but humanitarian response to the crisis has been hindered by a severe lack of funding for international aid coupled with security issues in the region. As of September 2011, 63 per cent of the UN's appeal for $2.5 billion (US) in humanitarian assistance has been financed.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
The crisis was expected to worsen in the following months, peaking in August and September, with large-scale assistance needed until at least December 2011. Torrential rains also exacerbated the situation in Mogadishu by destroying makeshift homes. Tens of thousands of southern Somalia's internally displaced people were consequently left out in the cold.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
In addition, the Kenyan Red Cross warns of a looming humanitarian crisis in the northwestern Turkana region of Kenya, which borders South Sudan. According to officials with the aid agency, over three-fourths of the area's population is now in dire need of food supplies. Malnutrition levels are also at their highest. As a consequence, schools in the region have shut down "because there is no food for the children". About 385,000 children in these neglected parts of Kenya are already malnourished, along with 90,000 pregnant and breast feeding women. A further 3.5 million people in Kenya are estimated to be at risk of malnutrition.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
In August 2012, an estimated 87,000 people in the Taita-Taveta District of Kenya were reportedly affected by famine, a situation attributed to a combination of wildlife invasions and drought. Large herds of elephants and monkeys overran farms in the district's lowland and highland areas, respectively, ruining thousands of acres of crops. Local residents, about 67,000 of whom were receiving food aid, also accused the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) of intentionally moving the monkeys to the district. However, this was denied by the KWS.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
Food shortages have also been reported in northern and eastern Uganda. The Karamoja region and the Bulambuli district, in particular, are among the worst hit areas, with an estimated 1.2 million Ugandans affected. The Ugandan government has also indicated that as of September 2011, acute deficits in foodstuffs are expected in 35 of the country's districts.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
Although fighting disrupted aid delivery in some areas, a scaling up of relief operations in mid-November had unexpectedly significantly reduced malnutrition and mortality rates in southern Somalia, prompting the UN to downgrade the humanitarian situation in the Bay, Bakool and Lower Shabele regions from famine to emergency levels. Humanitarian access to rebel-controlled areas had also improved and rainfall had surpassed expectations, improving the prospects of a good harvest in early 2012.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
Despite the re-imposition of blocks by the militants on the delivery of relief supplies in some areas under their control, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) reported in January 2012 that the food crisis in southern Somalia was by then no longer at emergency levels. Although security restrictions precluded the collection of updated information in December/January for a few regions in southern Somalia, the UN indicated in February 2012 that indirect data from health and relief centers pointed to improved general conditions from August 2011. The UN also announced that the famine in southern Somalia was over.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
However, FEWS NET indicated that Emergency (IPC Phase 4) levels of food insecurity would persist through March in the southern riverine parts of the Juba and Gedo regions, the south-central agropastoral zones of Hiran and Middle Shebele, the southeast pastoral sections of Shebele and Juba, and the north-central Coastal Deeh on account of crop flooding and ongoing military operations in these areas that have restricted humanitarian access, trade and movement.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
The UN also warned that, in a worst-case scenario of poor rains and price instability, conditions would remain at crisis level for about 31% of the population in limited-access areas until the August harvest season. In the most-likely scenario, the FSNAU and FEWS NET expect the April–June rains to be average. Ameliorated food security outcomes are also expected on account of the start of the Deyr harvest, which reached 200% of the post-war mean and is predicted to be significantly higher than usual.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
Except for the Juba region, where damage from flooding and limitations on trade have kept cereal prices high, the above average harvest has led to a substantial drop in overall cereal prices in the south's vulnerable regions. This has resulted in more agricultural wage labour opportunities for underprivileged agropastoral households and increased the purchasing power of pastoralists.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
With the exception of some coastal areas, where a little under 95,000 pastoralists have yet to recover their herd sizes from the drought and consequently still require emergency livelihood assistance (IPC Phase 4), the abundant rainfall in most parts of central and northern Somalia has replenished pastureland and also further boosted the purchasing power of local herders. With the benefit of the current harvest likely to ebb in May, the UN stressed that continued multi-sectoral response is necessary to secure the recent gains made, and that general humanitarian needs requiring international assistance would persist until at least September 2012.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
According to the Sudan Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CSFAM) for January 2012, due to subpar cereal production and increased cereal prices caused by intense conflict that has limited trade, humanitarian and population movements, an estimated 4.2 million people in Sudan are predicted to be in the Stressed (IPC Phase 3), Crisis and Emergency levels during the first three or four months of 2012. The number was previously estimated at 3.3 million people in December 2011, and is expected to especially affect the South Kordofan, North Darfur and Blue Nile states. Below average cereal production and a trade blockade imposed by Sudan have also extended food insecurity in South Sudan, with the northern and northeastern sections of the nation expected to be at Stressed and Crisis levels through March.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation
Aid agencies have now shifted their emphasis to recovery efforts, including digging irrigation canals and distributing plant seeds. Long-term strategies by national governments in conjunction with development agencies are believed to offer the most sustainable results.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Refugee crisis
By 15 September, more than 920,000 refugees from Somalia had reportedly fled to neighboring countries, particularly Kenya and Ethiopia. At the height of the crisis in June 2011, the UNHCR base in Dadaab, Kenya hosted at least 440,000 people in three refugee camps, though the maximum capacity was 90,000. More than 1,500 refugees continued to arrive every day from southern Somalia, 80 per cent of whom were women and children. UN High Commissioner for Refugees spokeswoman Melissa Fleming said that many people had died en route.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Refugee crisis
Within the camps, infant mortality had risen threefold in the few months leading up to July 2011. The overall mortality rate was 7.4 out of 10,000 per day, which was more than seven times as high as the "emergency" rate of 1 out of 10,000 per day. There was an upsurge in sexual violence against women and girls, with the number of cases reported increasing by over 4 times. Incidents of sexual violence occurred primarily during travel to the refugee camps, with some cases reported in the camps themselves or as new refugees went in search for firewood. This put them at high risk of acquiring HIV/AIDS. According to UN representative Radhika Coomaraswamy, the food crisis had forced many women to leave their homes in search of assistance, where they were often without the protection of their family and clan.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Refugee crisis
In July 2011, Dolo Odo, Ethiopia also hosted at least 110,000 refugees from Somalia, most of whom had arrived recently. The three camps at Bokolomanyo, Melkadida, and Kobe all exceeded their maximum capacity; one more camp was reportedly being built while another was planned in the future. Water shortage reportedly affected all the facilities.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Refugee crisis
According to the Lutheran World Federation, military activities in the conflict zones of southern Somalia and a scaling up of relief operations had by early December 2011 greatly reduced the movement of migrants. By February 2012, several thousand people had also begun returning to their homes and farms.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Health and disease
In July 2011, measles cases broke out in the Dadaab camps, with 462 cases confirmed including 11 deaths. Ethiopia and Kenya were also facing a severe measles epidemic, attributed in part to the refugee crisis, with over 17,500 cases reported in the first 6 months. WHO statistics put the number of children that were then most at the risk of measles at 2 million. The epidemic in Ethiopia may have led to an measles outbreak in the United States and other parts of the developed world.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Health and disease
The World Health Organization stated that "8.8 million people are at risk of malaria and 5 million of cholera" in Ethiopia, due to crowded, unsanitary conditions. Malnutrition rates among children in July also reached 30 percent in parts of Kenya and Ethiopia and over 50% in southern Somalia, although the latter figure dropped to 36% by mid-September according to the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit. Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières) was also treating more than 10,000 severely malnourished children in its feeding centers and clinics.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Health and disease
In July 2011, the UN's food security and nutrition analysis unit announced that the situation in southern Somalia then met all three characteristics of widespread famine: a) more than 30 percent of children were suffering from acute malnutrition; b) more than two adults or four children were dying of hunger each day for every group of 10,000 people; and c) the population had access to less than 2,100 kilocalories of food and four liters of water per day.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Health and disease
In August, cholera was suspected in 181 deaths in Mogadishu, along with confirmed reports of several other outbreaks elsewhere in Somalia, thus raising fears of tragedy for a severely weakened population. In mid-November, the office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) also announced that 60 cholera cases, with 10 lab-confirmed and one fatality, had hit the Dadaab refugee camp in northern Kenya.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Health and disease
By early December 2011, the UN's OCHA bureau announced that a scaling up of relief operations had resulted in an improvement in global and severe acute malnutrition rates as well as a decrease in mortality rates in southern Somalia's conflict zones relative to the start of the drought crisis in July/August.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Health and disease
Although acute malnutrition rates remained much higher than median global acute malnutrition (GAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) rates for the October–December season, global acute malnutrition rates had fallen from 30–58 percent to 20–34 percent and severe acute malnutrition rates in turn dropped from 9–29 percent in July to 6–11 percent. The mortality rate likewise declined from 1.1–6.1 per 10,000 people per day in July/August to 0.6–2.8 per 10,000 people per day. Despite some gaps in aid delivery in certain areas due imposed Islamist bans, the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit (FSNAU) also reported that its Nutrition Cluster had by December reached 357,107 of the estimated 450,000 children that had been acutely malnourished at the start of the crisis in July.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
In July 2011, the head of United States Agency for International Development, Rajiv Shah, stated that the drought may worsen the security situation in the region. "This is happening precisely in a part of the world that our Defense Secretary Leon Panetta just said is a critical part of our fight against terrorism and our overall international security. It just underscores the deep link between food security and national security." Armed herders are violently competing for dwindling resources. In Kenya alone more than 100 herders have been killed.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
Fears of the Al-Shabaab insurgents, who control most of southern Somalia, continue to hinder humanitarian operations in the region. "We need significantly better access than we have at the moment to address an emergency of this scale." UN agencies are "in a dialogue" with al-Shabaab about securing airstrips in areas under the insurgent group's control to deliver aid. The United Nations World Food Programme is considering a return to southern Somalia, from which it withdrew in 2010 after threats from the rebel group Al-Shabaab. It estimates that there are 1 million people in areas it cannot currently access. In early July 2011, Al-Shabaab announced that it had withdrawn its restrictions on international humanitarian workers, and that all aid organizations will be allowed in.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
However, on 22 July, the group stated that the ban on certain organizations remains in place. In a statement, Al-Shabaab's spokesman Sheikh Ali Dhere indicated that his organization had no issue with allowing "Muslims and non-Muslims to help the drought affected people", but that they will "only be permitted to work if they do not have other interests". He stated that banned agencies belong to two categories: some that are acting as spies, while others, including the UN, that have "a political agenda, doing nothing like what they were claiming".


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
He also criticized aid agencies that are providing assistance in neighboring countries, stating that "They are luring needy people with food in order to teach them their Christianity." Hassan Liban, a director of the British charity Islamic Relief which has managed to gain access through negotiations, said that Al-Shabaab were not keen on emergency relief that was not tied to longer-term programmes to help people recover their livelihoods. He stated that "To any organisation that just wants to send food, they say: 'Give us the food and go away'. But if it's sustainable and planned they will allow you to work."


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
Al-Shabaab members have allegedly intimidated, kidnapped and killed some aid workers, leading to a partial suspension of humanitarian operations in southern Somalia. Ethiopia and the UN also accuse the Eritrean government of backing the insurgents. On 28 July, African Union peacekeepers launched a major offensive against Al-Shabaab militants in northern Mogadishu, Somalia, in an effort to protect famine relief efforts from attacks. Six were killed during the conflict, and key territory was seized from the insurgents.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
Al-Shabaab has sent 300 reinforcement fighters to Mogadishu in the preceding days, according to Lt. Col. Paddy Ankunda, spokesman for the AU peacekeeping force in Somalia. He stated that "This action will further increase security ... and ensure that aid agencies can continue to operate to get vital supplies to internally displaced." As of 1 August, the beginning of the Ramadan, the African Union offensive in ongoing. However, AU intelligence sources said that the insurgents are planning a counteroffensive during the month of fasting.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
On 6 August 2011, Reuters reported that the Transitional Federal Government's troops and their AMISOM allies managed to capture all of Mogadishu from the Al-Shabaab militants. Witnesses reported Al-Shabaab vehicles abandoning their bases in the capital for the south-central city of Baidoa. The group's spokesman Sheikh Ali Mohamud Rage described the exodus as a tactical retreat, and vowed to continue the insurgency against the national government. Observers have also suggested that the pullout may at least in part have been caused by internal ideological rifts in the rebel organization.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
On 4 July 2011, the Prime Minister of Somalia Abdiweli Mohamed Ali appointed a national committee to tackle the severe drought affecting the southern part of the country. The committee consists of several federal-level members of government, including the Ministers of Defense, Health, Interior, Finance, Public Works, Women's Affairs and Information. It is tasked with assessing and addressing the needs of the drought-impacted segments of the population.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
On 13 August, Prime Minister Ali also announced the creation of a new 300-man security force in response to discussions with UN officials about the situation in Mogadishu. The UN stated earlier in the week that aid was only reaching around 20% of the drought-affected peoples, with most of the famine-stricken areas still controlled by Al-Shabaab rebels. Assisted by African peacekeepers, the new military unit will have as its primary goal to protect convoys and food aid, as well as to secure the IDP camps themselves when the relief supplies are being distributed. Besides helping to stabilize the city, the new protection force is also tasked with combating looting and banditry in addition to other vices.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
On 16 August, Neela Ghoshal, an official with Human Rights Watch, told Reuters that her group had received complaints of government soldiers robbing civilians. However, Voice of America reported earlier in the month that, according to witnesses at a camp in Mogadishu, men dressed as government troops began stealing food rations, after which point government soldiers that were guarding the supplies opened fire on the looters. In response to the incident, the Somali government forces Commander General Abdikarim Dhengobadan denied that his men were responsible for the looting.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
The Information Minister of Somalia Abdirahman Omar Osman and the AMISOM commander Paddy Akunda have also previously accused Al-Shabaab militants of disguising themselves as Somali government soldiers before attacking government and AMISOM positions. Despite this, according to the UN, the security situation in the capital has generally improved since the withdrawal of Al-Shabaab militants, thus facilitating the scaling up of relief efforts in the region.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
On 13 October 2011, two women from Spain employed as aid workers with Doctors Without Borders at the Dadaab refugee camp were kidnapped by gunmen. The U.N. temporarily suspended all non-lifesaving aid operations at Dadaab. The Spanish branch of Medecins Sans Frontieres (Doctors Without Borders) announced that all 49 expatriate staff working for the charity would be evacuated to Nairobi, leaving 343 local staff members in Dadaab. Certain activities such as registering new arrivals and journeying outside camp to meet refugees walking the final miles would be suspended. In December 2011, three Somali aid workers were also shot and killed in the central Somali town of Mataban. Two of the workers were UN World Food Programme employees and the third worked for a partner organization. The gunman turned himself in to the local authorities.


2011 East Africa drought, Humanitarian situation, Security
In October 2011 a coordinated operation, Operation Linda Nchi, between the Somali military and the Kenyan military, began against the Al-Shabaab militants, who are alleged to have kidnapped several foreign aid workers and tourists inside Kenya. According to the Ethiopian Foreign Minister, the mission represents one of the final stages of the Islamist insurgency.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
Humanitarian agencies have requested US$2.48 billion to address the crisis, but as of 1 August have secured less than half that amount. The European Union announced it would provide €5.67 million to help millions of people in the Horn of Africa affected by the drought. On 16 July, the UK government pledged £52.25 million, on top of £38 million pledged earlier that month and more than £13 million raised by the Disasters Emergency Committee. As of 25 August, the amount raised by the Disasters Emergency Committee had increased to £57 million.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
Australia announced at the end of July that it would supply an additional $20 million, thereby increasing the total aid volume to $80 million. As of 5 October, the Canadian government and people also contributed about $142 million CAD to the relief efforts in Eastern Africa, with the Canadian authorities pledging an additional $70 million CAD in matching funds. Much of the fundraising done from Canadians was contributed to the Humanitarian Coalition who distributed to its 5 partners. Over C$14 Million dollars was raised by the Coalition.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
In late August 2011, Saudi Arabia announced that it would donate $60 million in aid to the drought-impacted peoples in Somalia and urged the Al-Shabaab militants to cease their hostilities so as to facilitate the delivery of relief materials. Iran dispatched multiple convoys of humanitarian supplies and $25 million to the famine-stricken parts of the country, with Lebanon sending its first consignment to Mogadishu over the same period. Despite experiencing financial difficulties, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip also assisted in the relief efforts.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
Imams in mosques raised awareness about the drought crisis and its parallels with the Palestinian situation, and urged Palestinians to contribute; the Arab Doctors Union Gaza branch also launched a fund-raising initiative, with most donations coming from affluent entrepreneurs and local NGOs. Additionally, Bahrain donated $3 million to the campaign, with Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates also sending supplies.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
Elsewhere, Turkey dispatched multiple aid convoys to Somalia, working closely with the Somali Red Crescent Society to deliver the materials to the drought-stricken parts of the country. China also donated $16 million to the relief efforts, with Venezuela sending $5 million, Russia contributing $3 million, and Kazakhstan adding $500,000. In addition, Azerbaijan and Indonesia have assisted in the humanitarian campaign, with Malaysia dispatching aid workers on site.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
The U.S. has pledged an additional $5 million to help refugees from Somalia on top of a previously budgeted $63 million for general support in the larger East Africa region. However, the U.S. has withheld aid from the Somalia region, due to recent regulations which prevent the sending of food aid that risks "materially benefiting" designated terrorists, in this case the rebel group Al-Shabaab. The regulations came into force after reports that Al-Shabaab was "taxing food convoys", and as a result U.S. aid spending in Somalia has dropped from $150 million to $13 million this year.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
Mercy Corps has stated that "The aid effort will remain totally inadequate if legal restrictions force the US to remain on the sidelines". In addition, under U.S. regulations, international organizations may face prosecution under US law if their humanitarian aid materially benefits Al-Shabaab. However, on 2 August, the United States announced that it would no longer prosecute humanitarian organizations who attempt to enter rebel-controlled territory.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
On 12 July, United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon called an urgent emergency meeting with the heads of UN agencies. He stated after the meeting that immediate action must be taken to prevent the crisis from deepening. According to Ban, "The human cost of this crisis is catastrophic. We cannot afford to wait." On 13 July, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees began a "massive" airlift of aid supplies to the Dadaab region in Kenya, including 100 tonnes of tents to help relieve the congestion at the overcrowded Dadaab camps.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
The United Nations carried out its first airlift of emergency supplies in two years to southern Somalia on Wednesday, 13 July. Health kits are also being sent through land routes. Among other measures being taken by aid agencies are the distribution of cash vouchers to residents, and discussions with traders to freeze rapidly increasing food prices.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
The UN's declaration of famine has been its first since the 1984–1985 famine in Ethiopia, when over a million people died. Under international law, there is no mandated response which must follow from an official declaration of famine. However, it is hoped that the use of the term will serve as a "wake-up call" to the rest of the world, who have so far failed to respond. The UN humanitarian coordinator for Somalia, Mark Bowden, stated that UN agencies lack the necessary capacity to save the lives of hundreds of thousands of drought-affected people from Somalia, and that nearly $300 million in relief supplies are required over the next two months.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
On 27 July, the UN World Food Programme announced that it had begun an airlift of food to Somalia. Ten tonnes of food were delivered to Mogadishu, with plans to expand delivery to southern Somalia where millions remain inaccessible, and may be too weak to cross the border into neighbouring Kenya. Delivery of food to the region remained complicated by the refusal of al-Shabaab militants to allow certain foreign aid agencies to work in the country.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
On 25 Aug, a much delayed African Union summit raised $51 million of direct aid, some of which were perhaps announced before, along with an additional $300 million from the African Development Bank to be spent over a four-year period. The African Union is, however, a young organization with little humanitarian experience.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
On 30 Aug, the UN refugee agency announced that the furniture corporation IKEA would be making a $62 million donation (42.8 million euros) over three years to expand the overcrowded Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya. The company CEO was quoted as saying that this donation will "immediately make a difference" in thousands of lives. In September 2011, during the UN General Assembly in NYC, USAID and the Ad Council launched the agency's first ever Public Service Awareness Campaign called FWD, an acronym for Famine, War and Drought. The Campaign encourages the public to "Forward the Facts" about the campaign to help raise awareness. In early Oct. 2011, the ONE Campaign unveiled a public service message in which celebrities appear to be cursing and then the message says that famine is the real obscenity.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
Fifty-six African artists and celebrities, including Nameless, Angélique Kidjo, 2face Idibia, Hugh Masekela, Freshlyground and K'naan, as well as international campaigners, sent a letter to a special UN session on the horn of Africa crisis scheduled for Saturday 8 Oct.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
In Sept. 2011, Rajiv Shah, head of U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), stated "We're trying cash distributions through the hawala system and through mobile phones and then concomitantly flooding border markets with food so that traders can then make the connections." Somalis in the diaspora have likewise routinely sent money to drought-affected relatives at home through the informal money transfer system.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
Part of this funding stream experienced a potential setback in December 2011, when Sunrise Community Banks, a U.S. financial institution that wires the transfers for many of the hawalas, announced that it might discontinue the service on 30 December due to overly strict government security regulations.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
Somali and American federal officials as well as representatives of the transfer companies have worked together closely to resolve the issue, with the CEO of the Sunrise Community Banks indicating that "from a risk perspective, we are making progress, and I am optimistic that we are on the right path to get to a solution". Kenyan expatriates have similarly availed themselves of mobile phone services to send funds to their own drought-impacted family members in Kenya.


2011 East Africa drought, International response
In early 2012, the Turkish government ramped up its existing humanitarian and developmental efforts in southern Somalia. In coordination with the Somali authorities, it mobilized Turkish governmental organizations and NGOs to build new hospitals, a new relief center, and a tent city for remaining IDPs, which was scheduled to be converted into apartment flats. These and other proactive efforts have reportedly helped set in motion a rapid local recovery.


2011 East Africa drought, United States Sanctions
Under the US Patriot Act it is illegal for American organizations to provide aid to "anyone associated with a terrorist group". The Federal Agency responsible for enforcement of these sanctions is Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). In February 2008, Al-Shabab had been added to the U.S. government's list of terrorist organizations. All deliveries of U.S. Food Aid were suspended in 2009 "because of concerns over OFAC rules" due to the possibility that some of the food aid could benefit al-Shabab.


2011 East Africa drought, United States Sanctions
Despite the approaching famine, no food aid was prepared for Somalia in fall 2011. Scholars have written:


2011 East Africa drought, United States Sanctions
Aid organizations faced strict regulations of food distribution by donors in an effort to deprive Al-Shabab of food for its own forces"...OFAC imposed sanctions in Somalia to ensure that no material support, including food aid, would go to Al-Shabab in support of its rebel activities. Accountability requirements for food were so stringent that record keeping was not possible outside of the capital, Mogadishu.


2011 East Africa drought, United States Sanctions
OFAC's rules were eventually relaxed, but the delay cost lives.


2011 East Carolina Pirates football team
The 2011 East Carolina Pirates football team represented East Carolina University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Pirates were led by second year head coach Ruffin McNeill and played their home games at Dowdy–Ficklen Stadium. They were a member of the East Division of Conference USA. The Pirates finished 4–4 in Conference USA and 5–7 overall. For the first time since 2005, the Pirates were not eligible to play in a bowl game.


2011 East Dorset District Council election
The 2011 East Dorset District Council election took place on 5 May 2011 to elect members of East Dorset District Council in Dorset, England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.


2011 East Dorset District Council election, Background
Before the election the Conservatives had a majority on the council with 25 seats, compared to 11 Liberal Democrats. Every seat was up for election, however 12 Conservative councillors, including the leader of the council Spencer Flower, faced no opposition at the election. The candidates at the election were 36 Conservatives, 18 Liberal Democrats, 10 UK Independence Party and 3 from Labour.


2011 East Dorset District Council election, Election result
The Conservatives gained 5 seats from the Liberal Democrats to have 30 councillors, compared to 6 for the Liberal Democrats. Conservative gains including taking seats in West Moors and Corfe Mullen from the Liberal Democrats, with the margin in Corfe Mullen South ward being only 6 votes. Overall turnout at the election was 49.1%.


2011 East Dorset District Council election, By-elections between 2011 and 2015
A by-election was held in Colehill East ward on 17 July 2014 after the death of the Liberal Democrat councillor since 1973, Don Wallace. The seat was held for the Liberal Democrats by Barry Roberts with a majority of 416 votes over the Conservatives.


2011 East Hampshire District Council election
The 2011 East Hampshire District Council election took place on 5 May 2011 to elect members of East Hampshire District Council in Hampshire England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.


2011 East Hampshire District Council election, Background
The previous election in 2007 saw the Conservatives increase their majority on the council after winning 30 seats, compared to 14 for the Liberal Democrats. In 2008 the councillor for Whitehill Pinewood, Ian Dowdle, defected from the Liberal Democrats to join the Conservatives. However, in 2010 Dowdle would resign from the Conservatives over the party's handling of the local eco-town and he then resigned from the council in January 2011. A further 2 defections took place in March 2011 with Conservatives Maureen Comber and Eve Hope, representing Selborne, and Bramshott and Liphook respectively, joining the Liberal Democrats.


2011 East Hampshire District Council election, Election result
The results saw the Conservatives increase their majority on the council after gaining 9 seats from the Liberal Democrats compared to the 2007 election. This took the Conservatives to 39 councillors, compared to 5 Liberal Democrats, the largest majority since the founding of the council. Overall turnout in the election was 48%.


2011 East Hampshire District Council election, Election result
Conservative gained 5 seats from the Liberal Democrats in Alton, including defeating the Liberal Democrat leader on the council, Jerry James, in Alton Wooteys. Other Conservative gains came in Clanfield and Finchdean, Horndean Kings, Horndean Murray and Petersfield Causeway. This left the Liberal Democrats with just 5 councillors, all in the Whitehill and Bordon area.


2011 East Hampshire District Council election, Election result
The Conservatives leader of the council Patrick Burridge described the results as "beyond my wildest dreams". Meanwhile, the new Liberal Democrat leader on the council Adam Carew put their defeats down to high Conservative turnout in the Alternative Vote referendum which was held at the same time as the council election and that the "low popularity rating" of the national Liberal Democrat leader Nick Clegg "had a negative effect".


2011 East Hampshire District Council election, Election result
5 Conservative candidates were unopposed at the election. Seat changes are compared to the 2007 election and do not take into account defections.


2011 East Northamptonshire District Council election
The 2011 East Northamptonshire District Council election took place on 5 May 2011 to elect members of East Northamptonshire District Council in Northamptonshire, England. This was the first election to be held under new ward boundaries. The Conservative Party retained overall control of the council.


2011 East Riding of Yorkshire Council election
The 2011 East Riding of Yorkshire Council election took place on 5 May 2011 to elect members of East Riding of Yorkshire Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections across the country. All 67 seats were contested. The Conservatives retained control of the council, surpassing the 34-seat majority threshold with 53 seats, up 6 from the last election.


2011 Eastbourne Borough Council election
The 2011 Eastbourne Borough Council election took place on 5 May 2011 to elect members of Eastbourne Borough Council in East Sussex, England. The whole council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats stayed in overall control of the council.


2011 Eastbourne Borough Council election, Background
Before the election the Liberal Democrats controlled the council with 20 seats, compared to 7 for the Conservatives, after taking control at the 2007 election. A total of 94 candidates stood for the 27 seats on the council being contested, while 10 sitting councillors stood down at the election, 8 Liberal Democrats and 2 Conservatives. Important seats for control of the council were expected to be Old Town and Sovereign, as well as Hampden Park and Upperton.


2011 Eastbourne Borough Council election, Background
Local issues at the election included plans for the redevelopment of the town centre, which was supported across parties, and calls to improve Eastbourne's transport links. However, with the Liberal Democrats in government nationally together with the Conservatives, national government decisions, such as the increase in tuition fees, were also an issue during the election.


2011 Eastbourne Borough Council election, Election result
The Liberal Democrats remained in control of the council with 15 seats, but lost 5 seats to the Conservatives. The Conservatives gained all 3 seats in Sovereign ward and also took the 2 seats the Liberal Democrats had been defending in Upperton. This took the Conservatives to 12 councillors, but the Liberal Democrats held on to all 3 seats in Old Town ward after a recount, to keep a 3-seat council majority. Overall turnout at the election was 44.17%, compared to 42.26% in 2007.


2011 Eastbourne Borough Council election, By-elections between 2011 and 2015
A by-election was held in Meads on 31 May 2012 after the resignation of Conservative councillor Nigel Goodyear. The seat was held for the Conservatives by Caroline Ansell with a majority of 1,318 votes over Liberal Democrat Gerard Thompson.


2011 Eastern Creek Six Hour
The 2011 Eastern Creek Six Hour was an endurance motor race for production cars, held on 11 December 2011, at Eastern Creek Raceway in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It was Round 5 of the 2011 Australian Manufacturers' Championship, Round 5 of the 2011 Australian Production Car Championship, Round 3 of the 2011 Australian Endurance Championship and Round 2 of the 2011 Australian Production Car Endurance Championship. The race was originally to be run over an eight-hour duration, but this was reduced to six hours shortly before the event was run.


2011 Eastern Creek Six Hour
The race was won by the BMW 335i of Chaz Mostert and Nathan Morcom and was the only round of the 2011 Australian Manufacturers' Championship not won by Stuart Kostera.


2011 Eastern District Council election
The 2011 Eastern District Council election was held on 6 November 2011 to elect all 37 elected members to the 43-member District Council.


2011 Eastern Illinois Panthers football team
The 2011 Eastern Illinois Panthers football team represented Eastern Illinois University as a member of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) during the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Panthers were led Bob Spoo in his 24th and final year as head coach and played their home games at O'Brien Field in Charleston, Illinois. Eastern Illinois compiled an overall record of 2–9 with a mark of 1–7 in OVC play to place last out of nine teams in the OVC.


2011 Eastern Kentucky Colonels football team
The 2011 Eastern Kentucky Colonels football team represented Eastern Kentucky University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Colonels were led by fourth-year head coach Dean Hood and played their home games at Roy Kidd Stadium. They were a member of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC). Eastern Kentucky  has an  overall record 7–5 with a 6–2 mark in OVC play share the conference title with Jacksonville State and Tennessee Tech. They received an at–large bid in the FCS playoffs, where they lost in the first round to James Madison.


2011 Eastern Kentucky Drillers season
The 2011 Eastern Kentucky Drillers season was the 1st season for the Ultimate Indoor Football League (UIFL) franchise. On November 26, 2010, the UIFL announced that the team in Pikeville, Kentucky would be named the Eastern Kentucky Drillers. The Drillers lost their first game in franchise history, a 44-49 defeat to the hands of the Saginaw Sting. Even in the defeat, two Drillers (Aric Evans and David Jones), won the first ever Offensive Player of the Week and Special Teams Player of the Week Awards in the history of the Ultimate Indoor Football League.


2011 Eastern Kentucky Drillers season
The following week, the Drillers played their first ever home game at Eastern Kentucky Expo Center, and in front of 3,500 fans, the Drillers won 37-26 over the Huntington Hammer. The Drillers were able to finish the season with an 8-6 record. In the playoffs, they defeated the Huntington Hammer, and advanced to Ultimate Bowl I, where they lost to the Saginaw Sting.


2011 Eastern Kentucky Drillers season, Roster
Rookies in italics updated March 28, 201123 Active, 0 Inactive, 0 PS


2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team
The 2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team represented Eastern Michigan University during the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Eastern Michigan competed as a member of the Mid-American Conference (MAC) West Division, were coached by Ron English, and played their homes game at Rynearson Stadium. They finished the season 6–6, 4–4 in MAC play to finish in a tie for fourth place in the West Division. Despite being 6–6, the Eagles were not bowl eligible because two of their wins came against FCS teams. The 6 wins were the most wins the school had since 1995 when they also had 6 wins.


2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team, Before the season, Previous season
The Eagles posted a 2–10 record in 2010, Ron English's second season as head coach, losing all four non-conference games and stretching their losing streak to 18 games before winning an overtime game at Ball State and another game at Buffalo in the latter part of the season.


2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team, Before the season, Pre-season expectations
In the 2011 Mid-American Conference media poll, the Eagles were picked to finish in last place in the West Division, where they finished the past two seasons.


2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team, Post-season honors
Following the 2011 Mid-American Conference football season, five players were named to All-MAC teams, the most for EMU since 1996, though none were named to the first team. Senior defensive lineman Brad Ohrman was named to the second team, while sixth-year senior defensive back Latarrius Thomas, junior tight end Garrett Hoskins, junior linebacker Justin Cudworth, and sophomore defensive back Marlon Pollard were all named to the third team. After leading the Eagles to their winningest season in 15 years, Ron English was named the MAC Coach of the Year.


2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team, Post-season honors
Senior offensive lineman Bridger Buche and senior defensive lineman Brad Ohrman are considered the top pro prospects from the team.


2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team, Game summaries, Howard
EMU's opening game was originally scheduled for 7 pm on Saturday, September 3. Due to severe storms in the area, which caused problems at football games throughout the Midwest, including the cancellation of the Western Michigan at University of Michigan game near the end of the third quarter, the kickoff was first postponed until 8:30 PM, then to 9:30 PM, and finally to noon on Sunday, with free admission offered.


2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team, Game summaries, Howard
After a slow start by the EMU offense, which saw junior quarterback Alex Gillett throw an interception returned for a touchdown on the Eagles' first offensive play, EMU took charge of the game in the second quarter, scoring touchdowns on four of their next five drives while holding Howard to just 13 net yards on their next six possessions. EMU's offense was led by running backs Dominique Sherrer and Javonti Greene, each gained 120 yards and a touchdown in 14 carries, while Justin Cudworth led EMU's defense with 13 tackles, a sack, and a forced fumble.


2011 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team, Game summaries, Akron
EMU scored first and never trailed. The team was led by three touchdowns from walk-on running back Dominique White.


2011 Eastern Province Kings season
In 2011, the  Eastern Province Kings participated in the Currie Cup First Division and the Vodacom Cup. As part of the Southern Kings franchise, a number of players also participated in friendlies for this franchise, as well as the 2011 IRB Nations Cup.


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Players, Vodacom Cup squad
The following players appeared in at least one matchday squad during the 2011 Vodacom Cup competition:


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Players, Currie Cup squad
The following players appeared in at least one matchday squad during the 2011 Currie Cup First Division competition:


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Players, Under-21 Provincial Championship squad
The following players appeared in at least one matchday squad during the 2011 Under-21 Provincial Championship competition:


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Players, Under-19 Provincial Championship squad
The following players appeared in at least one matchday squad during the 2011 Under-19 Provincial Championship competition:


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Tables, Currie Cup
The final league standings for the 2011 Currie Cup First Division were:


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Tables, Currie Cup
The top four teams qualify to the semi-finals. The first-placed team will host the fourth-placed team and the second-placed team will host the third-placed team. The higher-ranked semi-final winner will then host the lower-ranked semi-final winner in the final.


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Tables, Currie Cup
Points breakdown:* 4 points for a win* 2 points for a draw* 1 bonus point for a loss by seven points or less* 1 bonus point for scoring four or more tries in a match


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Player statistics, Vodacom Cup, Appearances
Vodacom Cup appearances, sorted by number of starts, then substitute appearances.


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Player statistics, Vodacom Cup, Cards
Vodacom Cup cards, sorted by red cards, then yellow cards.


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Player statistics, Currie Cup, Appearances
Currie Cup appearances, sorted by number of starts, then substitute appearances.


2011 Eastern Province Kings season, Player statistics, Currie Cup, Cards
Currie Cup cards, sorted by red cards, then yellow cards.


2011 Eastern Washington Eagles football team
The 2011 Eastern Washington Eagles football team represented Eastern Washington University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The team was coached by Beau Baldwin, who was in his fourth season with Eastern Washington. The Eagles played their home games at Roos Field in Cheney, Washington and are a member of the Big Sky Conference. The Eagles entered the 2011 season as defending national champions.


2011 Eastern Washington Eagles football team
The Eagles finished the season 6–5, 5–3 in Big Sky play to finish in a tie for third place.


2011 East–West Shrine Game
The 2011 Asset Protect East–West Shrine Game was the 86th staging of the all-star college football exhibition game featuring NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision players. The game featured over 100 players from the 2010 college football season, and prospects for the 2011 Draft of the professional National Football League (NFL). In the week prior to the game, scouts from all 32 NFL teams attended. The proceeds from the East-West Shrine Game benefit Shriners Hospitals for Children.


2011 East–West Shrine Game
This oldest all-star game was played on January 22, 2011, at 4 p.m. ET at the Florida Citrus Bowl. The Pat Tillman Award was presented to Josh McNary (LB, Army), who "best exemplifies character, intelligence, sportsmanship and service".


2011 Ebonyi State gubernatorial election
The 2011 Ebonyi State gubernatorial election was the 5th gubernatorial election of Ebonyi State. Held on April 26, 2011, the People's Democratic Party nominee Martin Elechi won the election, defeating Julius Ucha of the All Nigeria Peoples Party.


2011 Ebonyi State gubernatorial election, Results
A total of 9 candidates contested in the election. Martin Elechi from the People's Democratic Party won the election, defeating Julius Ucha from the All Nigeria Peoples Party. Valid votes was 451,459.


2011 Echo Klassik Awards
The 2011 Echo Klassik Awards were held on October 2, 2011. It is the 19th edition of the annual Echo Klassik awards for classical music. The ceremony took place in the Konzerthaus Berlin and was broadcast on ZDF. It was hosted by Thomas Gottschalk.


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation
A referendum consisting of ten questions was held in Ecuador on 7 May 2011. The ballot questions included whether to


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
Referendum's first question seeks a change in the period a suspect can be detained without a formal trial. The original text of this question, proposed by Ecuadorian president Rafael Correa and its appendix is the following:


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
1. In order to improve public security, do you agree a change in the law so that the following law may change the period a suspect can be detained, amending the Republic Constitution as stated by appendix 1?


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
apprendix 1.Section 77, subsection 9 will state:"Under the responsibility of the judge, the period a suspect can be detained on, considering the level of the crime a suspect is accused of and the level a investigation is carried at, may not exceed that stated by the law. If the period were exceeded, the detention order would be declared null. .”


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
The text of the 2008 Constitution of Ecuador to be changed stated that:


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
Art. 77.- In any criminal proceedings which have been deprived of liberty to a person, observe the following basic guarantees:


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
9. Under the responsibility of the judge or court hearing process, pretrial detention may not exceed six months in cases involving offenses punishable by imprisonment or one year in cases of offenses punishable by imprisonment.


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
If you exceed these limits, the remand order will lapse.


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
Question 1 adopted by the Constitutional Court for the referendum showed changes from its original formulation in the proposal although its essential structure is preserved. The question was modified to specify the constitutional text was intended to modify, and try there are no ambiguities in trying to interpret it. His final composition was as follows:


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
1. ¿to amend paragraph 9 of Article 77 of the Constitution incorporated a clause which prevents the expiration of preventive detention when it has been caused by the indicted person and allowing unreasonable obstacles punish the administration of justice by judges, prosecutors, expert witnesses or servers subsidiary bodies of the Judiciary, as provided apprendix 1?


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #1
apprendix 1Join after the first paragraph to paragraph 9 of Article 77 that says a  "The preventive detention order will remain in effect if by any means the person being prosecuted has evaded, delayed, avoided or prevented their prosecution through acts designed to cause its expiration. If the delay occurs during the process or the lapse occurred, be it by acts or omissions of judges, prosecutors, public defenders, experts or servers subsidiary bodies, shall be deemed to have committed this very serious offense and shall be punished in accordance law".


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
The second referendum question seeks to modify parameters of alternatives to imprisonment.


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
Question Text 2 (and apprendix 2) of the proposal made by President Rafael Correa, stated as follows:


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
2. In order to avoid impunity and ensure the appearance of the criminal trials of people process, do you agree that alternative measures to detention is imposed solely for minor offenses, amending the Constitution as set the apprendix 2?


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
apprendix 2.El numeral uno del artículo 77 de la Constitución dirá:La privación de la libertad no será la regla general y se aplicará para garantizar la comparecencia del imputado o acusado al proceso, el derecho de la víctima del delito a una justicia pronta, oportuna y sin dilaciones, y para asegurar el cumplimiento de la pena; procederá por orden escrita de jueza o juez competente, en los casos, por el tiempo y con las formalidades establecidas en la ley. Se exceptúan los delitos flagrantes, en cuyo caso no podrá mantenerse a la persona detenida sin fórmula de juicio por más de cuarenta y ocho horas.


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
Las medidas no privativas de libertad se utilizarán únicamente en aquellos delitos que, de acuerdo con la ley, sean susceptibles de ventilarse mediante procedimientos especiales".El numeral once del artículo 77 dirá:La jueza o juez podrá aplicar sanciones y medidas cautelares alternativas a la privación de libertad, únicamente en aquellos delitos que, de acuerdo con la ley, sean susceptibles de ventilarse mediante procedimientos especiales.


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
The text of the Constitución de 2008 was set to be modified:


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
Art. 77.- En todo proceso penal en que se haya privado de la libertad a una persona, se observarán las siguientes garantías básicas:1. La privación de la libertad se aplicará excepcionalmente cuando sea necesaria para garantizar la comparecencia en el proceso, o para asegurar el cumplimiento de la pena; procederá por orden escrita de jueza o juez competente, en los casos, por el tiempo y con las formalidades establecidas en la ley. Se exceptúan los delitos flagrantes, en cuyo caso no podrá mantenerse a la persona detenida sin fórmula de juicio por más de veinticuatro horas.


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
La jueza o juez siempre podrá ordenar medidas cautelares distintas a la prisión preventiva.[...]11. La jueza o juez aplicará de forma prioritaria sanciones y medidas cautelares alternativas a la privación de libertad contempladas en la ley. Las sanciones alternativas se aplicarán de acuerdo con las circunstancias, la personalidad de la persona infractora y las exigencias de reinserción social de la persona sentenciada.[ ...]


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
2. ¿ Do you agree con que las medidas sustitutivas a la privación de libertad se apliquen bajo las condiciones y requisitos establecidos en la Ley, de acuerdo al apprendix 2?


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
apprendix 2El artículo 77 numeral 1 dirá:"La privación de la libertad no será la regla general y se aplicará para garantizar la comparencia del imputado o acusado al proceso, el derecho de la víctima del delito a una justicia pronta, oportuna y sin dilaciones, y para asegurar el cumplimiento de la pena; procederá por orden escrita de jueza o juez competente, en los casos, por el tiempo y con las formalidades establecidas en la ley. Se exceptúan los delitos flagrantes, en cuyo caso no podrá mantenerse a la persona detenida sin fórmula de juicio por más de 24 horas.


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #2
Las medidas no privativas de libertad se aplicarán de conformidad con los casos, plazos, condiciones y requisitos establecidos en la ley".El artículo 77 numeral 11 dirá:"La jueza o juez aplicará las medidas cautelares alternativas a la privación de libertad contempladas en la ley. Las sanciones alternativas se aplicarán de acuerdo con los casos, plazos, condiciones y requisitos establecidos en la Ley".


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #3
3. ¿ Do you agree con prohibir que las instituciones del sistema financiero privado así como las empresas de comunicación privadas de carácter nacional, sus directores y principales accionistas, sea dueños o tengan participación accionaria fueradel ámbito financiero o comunicacional, respectivamente, enmendando la Constitución como lo establece el apprendix 3?


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #4
4. ¿ Do you agree en sustituir al actual pleno de la Judicatura por un Consejo de la Judicatura de Transición, conformado por tres miembros elegidos, uno por la Función Ejecutiva, otro por el Poder Legislativo y otro por la Función de Transparencia y Control Social, para que en el plazo improrrogable de 18 meses, ejerza las competencias del Consejo de la Judicatura y reestructure la Función Judicial, como lo establece el apprendix 4?


2011 Ecuadorian referendum and popular consultation, Content, Referendum questions, Question #5
5. ¿ Do you agree en modificar la composición del Consejo de la Judicatura, enmendando la Constitución y reformando el Código Orgánico de la Función Judicial como establece el apprendix 5?