2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North Africa, North Africa in general
August 3 had Burkina Faso hit by a drought, as 4,500,000 Burkinans and 6,700,000 Nigeriens faced starvation.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North Africa, Mauritania, Senegal and Mali
On May 12 and 26, Mauritania, the Sénégal River Area, and neighbouring parts of both Senegal and Mali faced both a drought and famine.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North Africa, Mauritania, Senegal and Mali
Seven people died in Ghaidi Magha, Mauritania, near the Malian border on May 18.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North Africa, Morocco and Algeria
The heat wave that left an overheating Morocco for the Iberian Peninsula on July 11 was attributed to the regional hot air currents that depart from the Sahara desert in Northern Africa at about 1,000 meters in altitude, which facilitated a movement in the hot air towards the Balkans and Ukraine via the Straits of Gibraltar, Spain and Italy. Unusually hot weather was also reported in parts of Algeria on the 11th.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North Africa, Sudan
Sudan all recorded their hottest all-time temperatures on record on June 22 and June 23, hitting the mid 40s Celsius in places.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, Canada
In late May, record high temperatures were recorded in Ontario and Quebec. Ottawa, Ontario reached 35.8 °C (96.4 °F) on May 26, the highest temperature ever before the summer solstice. The same hot and dry airmass resulted in damaging wildfires in Quebec.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, Canada
In early July, a major heat wave gripped Eastern Canada. Between July 4 and 9, temperatures of 35 °C (95 °F) were common in major cities of Toronto, Ottawa, and Montreal, coupled with high humidity. In Quebec, more than 100 deaths were blamed on the heat.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, Canada
A third heat wave struck the region in late-August and early-September.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
In Frederick, Maryland, the temperature reached 106 °F (41 °C) in early July. Power outages in New York and in Southern Ontario were reported to have been caused by the heatwave.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
June 24 saw a high pressure zone settle between North Carolina and Bermuda. A two-day-long heat wave hit the more rural parts of Texas on July 1.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
From July 4 to July 9, 2010, the majority of the American East Coast, from the Carolinas to Maine, was gripped in a severe heat wave. Both Philadelphia and New York City, as well as Baltimore, Washington, Raleigh, and Boston, eclipsed 100 °F (38 °C). Many records were broken, some of which dated back to the 19th century, including Wilmington, Delaware's temperature of 103 °F (39 °C) on Wednesday, July 7, which broke the record of 97 °F (36 °C) from 1897. Philadelphia and New York eclipsed 100 °F (38 °C) for the first time since 2001. Frederick, Maryland and Newark, New Jersey, among others, exceeded 100 °F (38 °C) for four days in a row.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
Cleveland, Ohio, was rising into the upper 90s on July 8. Meanwhile, various authorities on the U.S. Eastern Seaboard issued extreme heat alerts, with the temperature being forecast to rise well beyond 30 °C in some areas on the 5th.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
The American northeast was severely affected as New York City saw a record temperature of 103 °F (39.4 °C) on July 6, and the heat hit 100.4 °F (38.0 °C) in Boston, and 40.6 °C in Baltimore on the same day, breaking the standing Baltimore record from 1983.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
New York City saw temperatures as high as 35 °C in some areas and it was predicted to reach 38 °C the next day. A report released by The Wall Street Journal on July 7 stated that June saw sales rise over the Independence Day holiday, especially along the East Coast of America. By July 3, retail sales had risen by 3.9% from the year-ago period and 1% over the previous week, according to the International Council of Shopping Centers and Goldman Sachs and Johnson Redbook Research also showed a sales gain in the final week of June, citing the hot weather.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
Both the American East Coast and parts of the American Midwest had record high temperatures, killing two people on the 8th. Authorities in Washington, D.C., New York City, Maine, Ottawa, Montreal and Toronto issued safety advice to its residents.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
Several power outages across the United States occurred due to increased demand, and also a transformer fire; lack of air conditioning led to the death of an elderly Philadelphia man and a homeless woman in Detroit. Canadian media outlets also stated that there had been a large increase of people visiting hospital during the heat wave, such as Montfort Hospital, which reported 158 patients in one day.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
The Associated Press reported that "the hot weather was blamed for the deaths of 89-year-old Edward Pilch in Whitehall, PA, and a 46-year-old woman in Queens." The heat also caused rail disruptions in Washington after the metal track expanded and could not be contained by the dampers.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
The BBC stated that electricity providers were "urging consumers to cut back on energy use to relieve the stress on the power system ... in Philadelphia alone, 8,000 people lost power due to increased demand on Tuesday [6th July]" News agencies stated that people had been staying in air-conditioned churches to avoid the heat. Consolidated Edison sent out dry ice to customers with no electricity.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
The U.S. East Coast and parts of the Midwest saw temperatures reaching up to 38 °C on July 11. The electricity grid in New York City was near collapse as Consolidated Edison cut electricity to air conditioning units and 20,000 homes and businesses to ease the burden on its failing system, according to The New York Times. Various utilities urged customers to use less electricity as the aging power grid began to falter under the heat wave that ran from Virginia to Maine via New York. About 375,400 customers in the New York City neighborhoods of Flushing, Gowanus, Forest Hills and Brooklyn Heights were victims of limited power outages in New York on July 11.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
For the Midwest became more related to the extreme high humidity, above normal rainfall from thunderstorms across much of Iowa, Wisconsin, Nebraska and Illinois in the previous month leading up to the heat wave caused dew points to soar; in Newton, Iowa, where temperatures had been in the mid-90s F, the dew point reached 88 °F (31 °C) on July 14, one of the highest ever recorded in the United States. The heat index reached 128 °F (53 °C) in Newton, Chicago's dew point of 83 °F (28 °C), matching readings from the 1995 heat wave that caused many deaths. Omaha, Des Moines and St. Louis also experienced high humidity levels.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
Manitoba and several states in the Central U.S. had heavy thunderstorms with a severe tornado hitting Northfield, Minnesota, on July 16. The heat wave ended in most of Canada and was reduced by thunderstorms in much of the United States.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
The heat continued through the second half of July but extreme heat was mostly confined to the Southeastern United States, giving relief to the Northeast and Upper Midwest as it had early in the month. The intense heat build-up again occurred over much of Plains states, Upper South and Lower Midwest; temperatures surpassed 40 °C (104 °F) in many locations. By August 3, the temperature in Wichita, Kansas, reached 109 °F (43 °C). Washington, DC had temperatures that surpassed 98 °F (37 °C) on 11 days during the summer of 2010, reaching a peak of 102 °F (39 °C) on July 6 and 7.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
By late July, the morgue in Pima County, Arizona, had become overwhelmed with over 300 bodies; of those, 57 deaths were attributed to immigrants crossing the Mexico – United States border, overwhelmed by the July heat.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
The heat wave was initially absent in the Western United States, where an unusually cool summer took place. However, this cool trend ended in the last week of September (beginning on Sunday, September 26, 2010), when 4 powerful anticyclones stalled in the Gulf of Alaska, over the Southern United States (especially Texas), over the Western United States (specifically over Northwestern Utah). However, before then, parts of Montana and parts of California saw slightly above-average temperatures on July 6. But beginning on September 26, the heatwave began to impact Western North America, along with the entire Western United States.


2010 Northern Hemisphere heat waves, Events, North America, United States
On September 27, Los Angeles broke its all-time record high, recording a temperature of 113 °F (45 °C) in downtown Los Angeles, along with San Diego County, with a new record high temperature of 112 °F (44 °C). The Southwestern United States had near high temperatures from September 26 to October 2, and even hotter than that in some regions. The Western United States also experienced record high/near record high temperatures from late September to mid-October. By the end of October, temperatures within the United States returned to near-average, as the anticyclones weakened and then dissipated.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team
The 2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Huskies competed in the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They were led by head coach Jerry Kill in his third season at NIU. The Huskies finished the season 11–3, 8–0 in MAC play to win the West Division Title, but lost to Miami (OH) in the MAC Championship Game. They were invited to the Humanitarian Bowl where they defeated Fresno State 40–17.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team
Following the MAC Championship game, head coach Jerry Kill resigned to accept the head coaching position at Minnesota. Kill did not coach in the bowl game. Tom Matukewicz coached the Huskies as interim head coach for the bowl game.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team
The season marked the Huskies third consecutive trip to a bowl game and their first bowl game win since 2004.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Iowa State
Despite being without the services of starting QB Chandler Harnish, the Huskies pulled within a touchdown midway through the 4th quarter on a 1-yard touchdown run by backup signal caller DeMarcus Grady. But an Iowa State touchdown drive immediately thereafter put the game away for the Cyclones.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Illinois
The Huskie defense was scorched on the ground, allowing 319 rushing yards to the Fighting Illini, and NIU star tailback Chad Spann was held to only 15 yards on 13 carries. QB Chandler Harnish had a strong performance, but lost a fumble in Illinois territory in the 4th quarter that proved to be costly.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Minnesota
The win was the third over a Big Ten school in the history of the program, and the second in as many years.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Temple
In a matchup of preseason MAC favorites, the Huskies took over in the second half thanks in large part to a dominant and balanced offensive performance that wore the Owls down on a warm day in DeKalb.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Central Michigan
NIU continues its 2nd-half dominance against MAC foes, not allowing a point in the 2nd half for the third straight week.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Western Michigan
Quarterback Chandler Harnish found Willie Clark with a 21-yard TD pass with 3:42 to play to lift the Huskies (7-2, 5-0 Mid-American Conference) to their six straight victory, their longest winning streak since 2004.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Toledo
Toledo could not hold on against NIU's offense as the Huskies dominated the Rockets with Chad Spann scoring 3 touchdowns and Chandler Harnish going 11-of-16 for 162 yards. The Huskies (8-2, 6-0 Mid-American) now have a 7-game winning streak and are edging closer to the MAC championship.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Ball State
While winning its eighth straight game and clinching the Mid-American Conference West Division title, the NIU Huskies excelled on offense, defense and special teams en route to a 59-21 victory.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, Eastern Michigan
The Huskies had 654 yards on 46 plays, rushing for 552 yards, with most of the starters on the sideline for the second half. The Huskies (10-2, 8-0 MAC) swept MAC play for the first time in school history and will play Miami (8-4, 7-1) in the MAC Championship. It was the 5th most points scored by the Huskies in school History.


2010 Northern Illinois Huskies football team, Regular season, MAC Championship: Miami (OH)
Armand Robinson caught a 33-yard touchdown pass from Austin Boucher with 33 seconds remaining, lifting Miami to a stunning 26-21 upset of No. 25 NIU in the 2010 Marathon MAC Championship Game at Ford Field. The win marked the second time the RedHawks had won the league title game and completed a worst-to-first league finish.


2010 Northern Iowa Panthers football team
The 2010 Northern Iowa Panthers football team represented the University of Northern Iowa in the 2010 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Panthers are a members of the Missouri Valley Football Conference, were coached by Mark Farley and played their home games in the UNI-Dome. They finished the season 7–5, 6–2 in MVFC play to claim the conference championship. They earned an automatic berth in the FCS playoffs, where they lost in the first round to Lehigh, 14–7.


2010 Northern Iowa Panthers football team, Preseason
Northern Iowa was picked to finish fourth in the Missouri Valley Football Conference preseason poll. Running back Carols Anderson and tight end Schuylar Oordt were each named to the preseason all-conference team. Tight end Ryan Mahaffey and place kicker Billy Hallgren were each honorable mentions.


2010 Northern Ireland Youth Soccer Tournament
The 2010 Milk Cup was the 2010 edition of a prestigious youth association football tournament that has been running annually since 1983. Teams from around the world competed in a week-long tournament in the North Coast area of Northern Ireland. The teams were divided into three categories: Elite, Premier, and Junior for Under-19s, Under-17s and Under-15s respectively. The 2010 Milk Cup Tournament ran between the 26 and 30 July 2010, with Northern Ireland (Elite), Manchester United (Premier) and Everton (Junior) all returning to defend their 2009 titles.


2010 Northern Ireland Youth Soccer Tournament
The Elite section had six teams in 2010, with each team playing two group matches. The top two teams in the table after the group stage competed in the final. Group matches were played on Monday and Wednesday, with the final and play-offs for positions taking part on the final day, Friday.


2010 Northern Ireland Youth Soccer Tournament
The Junior and Premier sections were contested by 24 teams. Each team played once on Monday and Tuesday as part of a league, from which the top 8 teams qualified for the Milk Cup quarter-finals on Wednesday. The remainder of the teams qualified for lower-level cups that ran alongside the Milk Cup, with quarter-finals on the Wednesday, semi-finals on Thursday, and the finals on Friday. In 2010, for the first time the finals night were held at the Ballymena Showgrounds, rather than the traditional venue of the Coleraine Showgrounds. There were a number of new teams competing this year, from Venezuela, Spain, Norway, China, Belgium and Israel amongst others.


2010 Northern Ireland Youth Soccer Tournament
Clubs and national teams from anywhere in the world may compete on invitation, and in 2010 five continents were represented - Europe, North America, South America, Africa and Asia.


2010 Northern Ireland Youth Soccer Tournament, Elite Section, Squads, United States
Head coach Thomas Rongen announced the United States roster on July 19. Given age as of the first United States match on July 26.


2010 Northern Ireland riots
The 2010 Northern Ireland riots were riots and civil disturbance in Northern Ireland in July 2010, orchestrated by Irish republicans.


2010 Northern Ireland riots, Rioting
The violence began during the Protestant Eleventh Night celebrations when three Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) officers were shot by a masked man with a shotgun on North Queen Street in north Belfast.


2010 Northern Ireland riots, Rioting
In the early hours of the Orange Order parade, rioters pelted police in two nationalist areas, New Lodge in the north and Broadway in west Belfast. The Continuity IRA was blamed for orchestrating both riots. By the night, violence had spread to other areas in Belfast. In Ardoyne, police were attacked by petrol bombs whilst 70 baton rounds were fired back, injuring two people. One policewoman was seriously injured in Crumlin Road by a lump of concrete thrown at her from a roof. In Ormeau Road, a car was set alight and police were attacked. Disturbances also happened around Short Strand and at Botanic railway station. In west Belfast, a bus driver was forced to drive to Woodbourne police station by two masked men claiming a bomb was on the upper deck - this late turned out to be a hoax.


2010 Northern Ireland riots, Rioting
In County Armagh, a train heading for Dublin was stopped near Lurgan when youth attempted to fire gasoline bombs and hijack the train. The passengers were safely escorted and unhurt. Police were attacked by petrol bombs in the town, whilst a car was set alight in Armagh. In Derry, in the Bogside, a police vehicle was set alight and another was shot five times by a masked gunmen, although nobody was injured. 40 to 60 petrol bombs were thrown in some of the "worst" violence in a decade in the city.


2010 Northern Ireland riots, Rioting
On 14 July petrol bombs were thrown at police and a car set alight in north Belfast, although the riot was not as big as the previous nights.


2010 Northern Ireland riots, Aftermath
Sinn Féin blamed dissidents from the Continuity IRA for the violence. British Prime Minister David Cameron called the rioters' actions "totally unacceptable" and praised the "brave" police. The PSNI said the riots will cost the force "millions of pounds". The assistant chief constable said children as young as 10 were involved in the violence.


2010 Northern Mariana Championship
The 2010 Northern Mariana Championship was the fifth season of top-flight football in Northern Marianas Islands. The competition was won Marianas Pacific United.


2010 Northern Mariana Championship, Participating teams
The following teams participated in the 2010 Northern Mariana Championship:


2010 Northern Mariana Championship, Final table
A number of results for the season are not known and no full table is available which includes correct goal difference for any part of the season,


2010 Northern Mariana Championship, Known results
Beyond the games listed above, the following results, though not scores are known:


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in the Northern Mariana Islands on 2 November 2010, alongside the election for the islands' representative to the United States House of Representatives. Voters were asked whether they approved of three proposed amendments to the constitution. All three were rejected.


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Background
One of the three proposals was for the government to issue bonds to pay for the country's pension scheme. It would involve adding a new section to chapter X of the constitution:


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Background
Section 10: Pension Obligation Bonds. Upon the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the members of each house of the Legislature, the Commonwealth may issue pension obligation bonds, the cumulative mount of which shall not exceed the Commonwealth's acturially determined unfunded accrued liability to the Retirement Fund. The net proceeds of each bond issuance shall be deposited and inversted along with other monies in a defined benefit plan trust fund administered by the Northern Mariana Island Retirement Fund. The bond issued under this section shall comply with Section 3 of this Article and shell be exempt from Section 4 of this Article.


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Background
The second amendment was to set in law the financing of compensation paid to residents for land expropriation. This would involve amending subsection g of section 5 (Chapter XI) of the constitution:


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Background
The third amendment concerned limiting a rise in pension payments to the level of secured financing. It proposed adding a new subsection c to Chapter III, section of the constitution:


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Background
The Legislature shall not increase benefits until all government obligations to the retirement system have been satisfied or the system is fully funded. Provided further that no law shall be enacted by the Legislature that will create an unfunded liability to the Retirement system.


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Results
Do you approve of House Legislative Initiative 17-1 to add a new Section 10 to Article X of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands to authorize the Commonwealth to issue pension obligation bonds and for other purposes?


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Results
Do you approve of House Legislative Initiative 16-18 to amend Article XI, Section 5(g) of the NMI Constitution to authorize the Department of Public Lands to use up to twenty percent of its revenue to pay and satisfy land compensation claims; and for other purposes?


2010 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Results
Do you approve of House Legislative Initiative 16-13 to amend Article III, Section 20 of the Constitution of the Northern Mariana Islands?


2010 Northern Pride RLFC season
2010 was the third competitive season for the Cairns based Skill360 Northern Pride Rugby League Football Club. They competed in the QRL state competition, the Intrust Super Cup. 12 clubs competed, with each club playing 22 matches (11 home and 11 away) over 25 weeks.


2010 Northern Pride RLFC season
David Maiden was appointed as the Pride's new coach. In the latter half of the season the Pride won 11 consecutive matches and finished in fourth place. They made the Grand Final, beating Norths Devils 30–20 at Suncorp Stadium to become Premiers. Captain Chris Sheppard won the Duncan Hall Medal for his man-of-the-match performance in the Grand Final, which was his last game before retirement.


2010 Northern Pride RLFC season, 2010 Season –  Skill360 Northern Pride, 2010 Jerseys, Special playing strips
NAIDOC Week black jersey designed by Kevin Edmondston (Aboriginal) and Joey Laifoo (Torres Strait Islander) and worn in Round 16, Friday 9 July 2010 at Barlow Park for the game against the Ipswich Jets.


2010 Northern Pride RLFC season, 2010 Televised Games
In 2010 games were televised by ABC TV and shown live across Queensland through the ABC1 channel at 2.00pm (AEST) on Saturday afternoons. The commentary team was Gerry Collins, Warren Boland and David Wright.


2010 Northumberland County municipal elections
Elections were held in Northumberland County, Ontario, on October 25, 2010, in conjunction with municipal elections across the province.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt
The 2010 Northumbria Police manhunt was a major police operation conducted across Tyne and Wear and Northumberland with the objective of apprehending fugitive Raoul Moat. After killing one person and wounding two others in a two-day shooting spree in July 2010, the 37-year-old ex-prisoner went on the run for nearly a week. The manhunt concluded when Moat committed suicide having shot himself near the town of Rothbury, Northumberland, following a six-hour standoff with armed police officers under the command of the Northumbria Police.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt
Moat's victims were ex-girlfriend Samantha Stobbart, her new partner Chris Brown, and police officer David Rathband. Stobbart was hospitalised and Brown was killed, while Rathband remained in hospital for nearly three weeks and was permanently blinded before dying by suicide on 29 February 2012. Moat, who had recently been released from Durham Prison, shot the three with a sawn-off shotgun, two days after his release.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt
After six days on the run, Moat was recognised by police and contained in the open, leading to a standoff. After nearly six hours of negotiation, Moat was shot with an experimental “taser shotgun” firing electrified rounds, which was ineffective. Moat then shot himself in the head; he was later pronounced dead at Newcastle General Hospital. Following an inquest, it was ruled by a jury that Moat's death was a suicide and Northumbria Police were found to have been at no fault.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt
The manhunt began after the shootings of Stobbart and Brown in the early hours of 3 July 2010 in Birtley. Nearly 22 hours later, the shooting of traffic police officer Rathband, parked in East Denton, was linked to Moat, who was believed to have held a grudge against the police after Stobbart had lied about being in a relationship with a police officer. Shortly after his release from prison, Moat posted threats to police and others on his Facebook profile.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt
Moat apparently targeted Rathband randomly, simply for being a police officer, although on an earlier occasion Rathband had confiscated Moat's van on the suspicion that it was not insured. Moat also made threats, in two letters and several phone calls, that he would kill any officer who attempted to stop him. Both the police and some of Moat's relatives made several appeals for Moat to give himself up for the sake of his children. After a sighting on the night of 5 July in an armed robbery at Seaton Delaval, on 6 July it was announced that Moat was believed to be in Rothbury. The manhunt remained focused there with several further suspected sightings, until the final confrontation at Riverside, Rothbury.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt
The manhunt lasted almost seven days, and was the largest in modern British history, involving 160 armed officers and armed response vehicles, many seconded for the operation from other police forces. Police also used sniper teams, helicopters, dogs, armoured anti-terrorist police vehicles from Northern Ireland, tracker Ray Mears, and even a Royal Air Force jet for reconnaissance. In the course of the hunt, there were several raids and false alarms across the region. With Moat believed to be sleeping rough, police found his abandoned camp-sites and property as he evaded capture. Armed guards were also posted outside Rothbury schools after police announced that they believed Moat posed a threat to the wider public. Several people were arrested during the hunt and after Moat's death, suspected of assisting him with equipment, information, and in evading capture and selecting targets.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt
On 5 July, Northumbria Police announced that Durham Prison had told them three days earlier that Moat intended to harm his girlfriend. As a result, Northumbria Police voluntarily referred the case to the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC). Following the final confrontation, the IPCC expanded the investigation to include the immediate events leading up to Moat's death but ruled out investigating how the manhunt itself had been conducted.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Background
Raoul Thomas Moat (17 June 1973 – 10 July 2010) was a panel beater, bouncer, and tree surgeon from Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland. His mother reportedly had bipolar disorder, and he and his half-brother Angus were mostly brought up by their grandmother as their mother spent much time in mental hospitals. Prior to the shootings, Moat had attempted to get psychiatric help.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Background
Between February and July 2010, Moat served an eighteen-week sentence in Durham Prison for assaulting a nine-year-old relative. A former bodybuilder, Moat was said to be 6 ft 3 in (1.90 m) tall and approximately 17 st (108 kg or 238 lb), who was prone to "eruptions of anger". He had a young daughter with his ex-girlfriend, 22-year-old Samantha Stobbart, and two other children from a previous relationship. Although Moat had been arrested twelve times resulting in charges for seven separate offences, he only had one previous conviction for common assault.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Background
Moat apparently held a grudge against the police, whom he blamed for the collapse of his business, claiming that he had "lost everything". While in prison, Stobbart lied to him that she had had an affair with a police officer because she was frightened of him. Moat is known to have posted threats to police and others on social media shortly after being released from prison. He made further detailed threats in two subsequent letters and several phone calls to police stating he had no intention of harming the public but would continue to shoot police officers until he was dead.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, First shootings
Moat was released from Durham Prison on 1 July and allegedly arrived in the early hours of 3 July 2010 at a house in Birtley where Stobbart and her new partner, 29-year-old karate instructor Chris Brown, were visiting. Brown had moved to the area from Windsor, Berkshire, around six months previously. According to Moat, he crouched under the open window of the living room for an hour and a half, listening to Stobbart and Brown mocking him. At 2:40 am, Brown left the house to confront Moat but was shot at close range with a shotgun, and killed. Moat then fired through the living room window while Stobbart's mother was on the phone to the police. Stobbart was hit in the arm and abdomen and was taken to hospital to undergo a liver operation and put under armed guard.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Second shooting
At 12:45 am on 4 July, Police Constable David Rathband was shot while sitting in a police vehicle on the roundabout of the A1 and A69 roads near East Denton. Rathband was taken to Newcastle General Hospital in a critical condition with injuries to his head and upper body. The Guardian reported that Moat had called police 12 minutes before shooting PC Rathband to taunt them and tell them what he was about to do.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Second shooting
He did so again some 50 minutes after the shooting, during which he showed little remorse and complained the police are "not taking me seriously enough". Police responded by saying they were taking him seriously and that Brown had no connection to the police. They urged him to hand himself in for the sake of his three children.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Second shooting, Death of victim
Almost 18 months after the shooting, David Rathband, who had struggled to come to terms with his blindness, was found hanged at his Blyth home on 29 February 2012. His funeral service at Stafford Crematorium was attended by family and fellow police officers on 16 March 2012. In June, he had been due to carry the Olympic torch as part of the 2012 Summer Olympics torch relay. His daughter, Mia, who replaced him, chose to run blindfolded in tribute to her father.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Second shooting, Death of victim
Rathband had spearheaded the Blue Lamp Foundation, which was started by him and his identical twin Darren whilst he was recovering from his injuries. The charity assists emergency staff injured in the line of duty.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Police response
The manhunt became one of the largest in the UK. A total of 160 armed officers were deployed to find Moat, which represented approximately 10% of those available in England and Wales at any one time. (Of the 6,780 authorised firearms officers in England and Wales, a quarter are available for duty at any one time due to shift patterns.)


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Police response
The 100 armed officers of Northumbria Police were reinforced by 40 from London's Metropolitan Police, and another 20 from West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, Humberside, Cleveland, Strathclyde, Greater Manchester and Cumbria combined. Under mutual aid arrangements, Northumbria Police is able to call on reinforcements from other forces by paying the donor force for the assistance given.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Police response
The Metropolitan Police also sent eight of its armed response vehicles to the region, as well as sniper teams. On 7 July, at least ten armoured anti-terrorist 4x4 vehicles were transported by ferry from Northern Ireland to assist in the operation. The Ministry of Defence confirmed a Royal Air Force Tornado GR4, fitted with a RAPTOR reconnaissance pod, was deployed to do night-time sweeps with an infrared camera around the Rothbury area.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Letter, sightings and appeals
On 5 July, fearful of more shootings by Moat, police mounted a raid with armed officers, dogs and a helicopter on a house in North Kenton, and also detained a man from Sunderland, although neither action found Moat.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Letter, sightings and appeals
Northumbria Police confirmed they had received a 49-page letter, originally given by Moat to a friend late on 3 July, warning that they were "gonna pay for what they've done". The letter also stated that "The public need not fear me but the police should as I won't stop till I'm dead". In the letter, he stated that his children, freedom, house, then his ex-partner and their daughter, had all been taken from him. He admitted that he had issues and was running out of options, he said he was never violent towards his children.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Letter, sightings and appeals
The police relayed a message to Moat from Stobbart through the media which urged him not to continue if he still loved her and their child. Stobbart then admitted she had lied to him about seeing a police officer, because she was frightened. Sam Stobbart's half-sister, Kelly Stobbart, 27, reported that he had updated his Facebook status with a "hit list" which included her and other family members. "He's said he will take out any police that get in his way".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Letter, sightings and appeals
At a press conference on the evening of 5 July, police revealed that they believed Moat had kidnapped two men at the time of the shootings. They also requested this information be subject to a media blackout. Around 10:50 pm, a fish and chip shop at Seaton Delaval was the scene of an armed robbery by a man resembling Moat. In a press conference on the morning of 6 July, the police said they believed they had been dealing with a "complex, fast-moving hostage situation".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Rothbury
On the morning of 6 July, a house in Wrekenton was raided by police and a man was detained.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Rothbury
Following an appeal for sightings of a black Lexus IS 200 SE saloon, bearing the registration V322 HKX, believed to have been used by Moat, the car was found near Rothbury. A 5-mile (8.0 km), 5,000-foot (1,500 m) air exclusion zone and a 2-mile (3.2 km) ground exclusion zone was set up by police, and two men were found walking along a road and were initially thought to be the hostages, but were later arrested.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Rothbury
Police also said that officers from six forces had been called into the area, a large number of armed response officers were in their ranks. Armed officers and dogs stormed buildings on a disused farm called Pike House after a tip-off from the landowners, who said that one of the boards on the windows of the derelict building had been removed, but no suspect was found. The police repeated an appeal to Moat to give himself up, and urged him not to leave his children with distressing memories of their father.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Rothbury
Armed officers were deployed to schools across the area and pupils were kept under temporary lockdown for fear that Moat might be close by; children were eventually allowed home. The cordon around Rothbury was lifted at approximately 9 pm while armed patrols continued throughout the village, and vehicles were subjected to road checks whilst entering and leaving.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Further appeals and reward
In another press conference on the morning of 7 July, the police said they believed that Moat was still at large mostly likely hiding in the surrounding countryside in the Rothbury area. Within a tent thought to have been used by Moat at a secluded spot in Cartington, an eight-page letter to Sam Stobbart from Moat was found. In it, Moat continued to assert that Brown was connected to the police, again denied by Detective Chief Superintendent Adamson. The police called in TV survival expert Ray Mears to help track Moat's movements.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Further appeals and reward
At the later press conferences, the police confirmed the 5 July chip shop robbery was a positive sighting of Moat. Northumbria Police offered a £10,000 reward for information that would lead to Moat's arrest. During the day, Paul Stobbart, the father of Samantha, released a video appealing to Moat to turn himself in.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Further appeals and reward
The police announced on 8 July that two more men were arrested in Rothbury the previous day. Detective Chief Superintendent Neil Adamson of Northumbria Police said they considered Moat a wider threat to the public than previously thought, but would not comment further. It had been previously reported that Moat was targeting only the police, and not the public, after his initial note stating that he would not stop killing police until he was dead. Following Moat's death, it was revealed that police asked the media to dampen the reporting on aspects of Moat's private life, as he had threatened to kill a member of the public every time there was an inaccurate report.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Further appeals and reward
In the afternoon, police arrested a man and a woman in the Blyth area, revealed by police on 9 July.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Discovery and death
On 9 July, a cordon was set up around the National Trust's Cragside estate in the parish of Cartington. Northumbria Police reported they had recovered three mobile phones used by Moat in recent days.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Discovery and death
In the early evening of 9 July, residents of Rothbury were told to stay indoors because a major security operation was taking place. News agencies reported that an individual resembling Moat had been surrounded by police, and was holding a gun to his head. With a 110-yard (100 m) cordon established on the north bank of the River Coquet, close to a rainwater culvert which runs under the village, police negotiated with the suspect, who was holding a sawn-off shotgun to his neck. Food and water were reportedly brought to Moat during the confrontation, and his best friend Tony Laidler was escorted to the scene by authorities in an attempt to persuade him to surrender.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Discovery and death
At one stage former England footballer Paul Gascoigne arrived at the crime scene, claiming to know Moat and offering to bring him "chicken and lager" in an attempt to convince him to surrender; Gascoigne was denied access to the fugitive.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Events, Discovery and death
At approximately 1:15 am on 10 July, news agencies reported that at least one shot had been fired in the vicinity of the stand-off. At 1:34 am, a police spokesman stated that "a shot or shots" had been fired and the suspect had a gunshot wound. It was reported by multiple sources that police jumped on the suspect, and that police and an ambulance were seen moving toward the site. A statement from Northumbria Police said that no shots were fired by police officers and that the suspect had shot himself; no officers were injured in the stand-off. Moat was transferred to an ambulance and taken to Newcastle General Hospital, where he was pronounced dead at 2:20 am, shortly after arrival.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Inquest
On 13 July an inquest was opened and adjourned into Moat's death in Newcastle upon Tyne. The coroner declared the cause of death was a gunshot wound to the head. A senior IPCC investigator told the inquest that during the final confrontation, Moat had been shot by two officers from West Yorkshire Police with Taser guns in an apparent attempt to prevent Moat from killing himself, although, at that time, it was still not clear whether the Tasers were fired before or after Moat turned his gun on himself. The IPCC stated to the inquest that the type of Taser used was a long-range XREP Taser, which operates without wires. A Home Office spokesman said the XREP Tasers were "currently subject to testing by the Home Office Scientific Development Branch".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Inquest
In September 2010, it was found that Pro-Tect Systems, the company that had supplied the Tasers, had breached its licence by supplying the "experimental" weapons directly to the police. Home Secretary Theresa May subsequently revoked the firm's licence after confirming that the Tasers were never officially approved for use. On 1 October 2010, former policeman Peter Boatman, a director of Pro-Tect systems, was found dead at his home. The incident was treated by police as a presumed suicide; they referred the matter to the coroner. A colleague of Boatman was reported as saying that he was a "proud man" who had felt "ashamed" at the recent developments.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Inquest
In September 2011 an inquest jury returned a verdict of suicide. The IPCC then issued a report clearing the police of wrongdoing in firing a Taser at Moat.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests
A number of arrests were made both during the hunt for Moat, and after his death, as part of police attempts to capture anyone who had any involvement in Moat's offences.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests
The first arrest was of a man from Sunderland, who was arrested in North Kenton on 5 July but later released without charge, as was the man arrested on 6 July in Wrekenton.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests
On 6 July, two men were arrested in Rothbury, after police initially believed them to have been Moat's hostages, but were then arrested on suspicion of conspiracy to commit murder and possession of a firearm with intent. DCS Neil Adamson reported that police had initially believed there had been a "significant threat to the lives of the two men". They were later released on bail pending further enquiries.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests
On 8 July, the two men were named as bodybuilder Karl Ness, aged 26, from Dudley, North Tyneside, and Qhuram "Sean" Awan, aged 23, from Blyth, when they appeared at Newcastle Magistrates' Court charged with conspiracy to commit murder and possession of a firearm with intent. It was alleged that the men had supplied the gun to Moat and were both with him when he shot PC Rathband on 4 July and that Ness had accompanied Moat during the initial shooting of Stobbart and Brown. Prosecution counsel Paul Simpson further alleged the two men had actively helped Moat look for policemen to shoot on 4 July.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests
At around 6.00pm on 7 July, police arrested two further suspects in the case, "in the vicinity of Rothbury on suspicion of assisting an offender". Police said the following day, "Both men are currently in custody and we are pursuing a range of inquiries in relation to this matter." They were later released on bail.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests
On the afternoon of 8 July, police arrested a man and a woman in the Blyth area on suspicion of assisting an offender.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests
Following Moat's death, three more people were arrested on 13 July for allegedly assisting him, with three men detained at two addresses in Newcastle upon Tyne and one in Gateshead. This brought the number of arrests in relation to the manhunt to ten, with police unable to rule out further arrests in future.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests
On 14 July, another three men were arrested during the day on suspicion of helping Moat; it brought the number of arrests to 13. The following day, police arrested two men aged 28 and 36 in the Newcastle area on suspicion of assisting Moat, later releasing them on bail. This brought the total number of arrests to 15, with two charged, and eight released on bail. Another four were arrested on 20 July, bringing the total to 20.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Associated arrests, Convictions
Karl Ness, 26, was given three concurrent life sentences totalling a minimum tariff of 40 years for the murder of Christopher Brown, conspiracy to murder and the attempted murder of PC David Rathband. His friend Qhuram Awan got two concurrent life sentences for conspiracy to murder and the attempted murder of PC David Rathband and will serve at least 20 years in jail. Both men were also sentenced to seven years for robbery and Ness was given five years for a firearms offence. Ness, from Dudley in North Tyneside, was with Moat on the night he shot his ex-girlfriend Samantha Stobbart and killed her new boyfriend Chris Brown whom Ness had believed at the time was a policeman.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Copycat killings
Moat may have been inspired by the events in the Cumbria shootings which occurred one month before his rampage, when taxi driver Derrick Bird killed 12 people and injured 11 others in a day-long shooting spree. The "saturation-level news coverage" of the Cumbria shootings may have triggered Moat given the timing of his killings. Research by American forensic psychiatrist Park Dietz has demonstrated that, in a country the size of the United States, such coverage "causes, on average, one more mass murder in the next two weeks". News organisations were accused of being more concerned with revenue than the harm their headlines might cause. The theory that mass-media coverage prompted copycat offences because it gave killer's infamy was also supported by Kate Painter, a criminology expert at the University of Cambridge.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Sensationalism
The media was also accused of glamorising Moat with descriptions of him such as "having a hulking physique" and being "a notorious hard man", while providing less coverage about his victims. During some coverage, Sky News had used police-issue body armour and Heckler & Koch semiautomatic carbines as studio props. Belfast Telegraph observed that by 8 July the manhunt was continuing to receive "saturation coverage on radio and television". The Guardian also wrote that, to the news media, Moat had become "a valuable commodity, his actions tracked by millions".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Sensationalism
Following Moat's death, his estranged older brother Angus described the media coverage as "the whipping up to what could be a public execution in modern Britain".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Sensationalism
The late Mr Moat was a brutal sentimentalist. He used the extremity of his behaviour to persuade himself that he felt something – supposedly love – very deeply, and that this was the motive and justification of his behaviour. Surely, if he was prepared to kill not only his ex-girlfriend Samantha Stobbart, but also her new lover and anyone who looked like him, he must have loved her very much?


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Sensationalism
He also persuaded himself that he was the victim of this terrible episode. "They took it all from me", he said, "kids, freedom, house, then Sam and Chanel [his daughter]. Where could I go from there?" It was only natural that he, an innocent, or at least a man not seriously at fault ("I've never punched her but have slapped her"), should have taken a gun and killed one and injured two: any man treated in this way would have done the same.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Sensationalism
What is alarming is that substantial numbers of people take this self-serving sentimental nonsense seriously, at least if the thousands of postings on the Moat Facebook tribute page, which was deleted on Thursday, were anything to go by. The logic seems to be as follows: Mr Moat called himself a victim; victims are heroes; therefore Mr Moat was a hero.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Sensationalism
The demand for coverage resulted in the news desk at AOL mistaking a satirical article  about the manhunt's media coverage for a genuine news report, posting:


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Sensationalism
As officers and dogs move in, citizens from around the isle are anticipating a swift and gruesome conclusion to the national drama. Some are even clamouring for it, calling it the best live entertainment they’ve seen in some time ... Families have been collecting children from schools and nurseries throughout the day so they could watch together, as expectations reached fever pitch that a violent firearms confrontation was imminent. Over 800 schools have closed across the country as a result.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Sensationalism
The original author of the spoof article, Robin Brown, commented: "Maybe it's just a sign that, in these information-saturated days, even the news is beyond satire?"


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Press blackout request
On 8 July the police requested a news blackout, under the terms of a voluntary agreement between the Association of Chief Police Officers and the media, about Moat's personal life as they believed such coverage would provoke him to kill more people. This followed the discovery of a dictaphone in Moat's tent near Wagtail Farm, which contained a four-hour-long message to the police. In it Moat revealed that he had been following the media coverage in newspapers and had been "upset" by some of the negative articles written about him.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Press blackout request
Detective Chief Superintendent Neil Adamson told reporters: "We recovered a Dictaphone with four hours of ramblings from somebody. We don't think it is a decoy, but we're not absolutely sure. We are sure it has been made within one or two days of the shootings and the print coverage has really made him upset. There is talk of people who are being spoken to not being right and it's winding him up."


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Press blackout request
The police revealed that Moat had threatened to kill a member of the public for every piece of inaccurate information published about him, and journalists were thought to be among his targets. Police also asked for articles already published about Moat's personal life to be removed from news websites, although this was said by The Guardian to be impossible due to the rolling nature and vast amount of coverage the manhunt had generated.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Press blackout request
In reference to the police request for a news blackout following the discovery of Moat's dictaphone recording, The Guardian wrote that the rolling coverage resembled "a real-life Truman Show with every development tracked around the world in blogs, on websites and mobile networking sites like Twitter".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Social media
The Belfast Telegraph wrote on 8 July that "Outside interest in the case continued to grow...there are now more than 20 Facebook sites dedicated to the hunt and "Raoul Moat" was yesterday the No 1 trending topic on Twitter". On 10 July The Guardian referred to Twitter to reflect on the mass media coverage of the manhunt, writing "As one poster on Twitter put it: "I see Raoul Moat has got his own TV show. The News".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Social media
After Moat's death, responding to a question at Prime Minister's Question Time on 14 July regarding a particular Raoul Moat memorial page established on Facebook, which had attracted more than 36,500 members, Prime Minister David Cameron condemned the site. He told the House of Commons; "It is absolutely clear that Raoul Moat was a callous murderer, full stop, end of story. ... I cannot understand any wave, however small, of public sympathy for this man. ... There should be sympathy for his victims and the havoc he wreaked in that community. ... There should be no sympathy for him".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Social media
Facebook later responded by saying that it would not remove the site because it encourages public debate about issues in the media. "Facebook is a place where people can express their views and discuss things in an open way as they can and do in many other places. And as such we sometimes find people discussing topics others may find distasteful, however, that is not a reason in itself to stop a debate from happening. We believe that enabling people to have these different opinions and debate about a topic can help bring together lots of different views for a healthy discussion".


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, Media coverage, Social media
Cameron later said he would be making an official complaint to Facebook. The page was deleted by its creator on 15 July.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, IPCC investigation
Aspects of the operation were investigated by the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC), the independent body for handling complaints made against police forces in England and Wales. Some findings of the IPCC investigation formed part of the official inquest convened by the coroner to determine Moat's cause of death. One IPCC report was published on the conclusion of the inquest and a draft of the second was leaked in April 2012.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, IPCC investigation
During the course of the manhunt, Northumbria Police had announced that they had been warned by Durham Prison in the afternoon of Friday, 2 July, that Moat intended to seriously harm his girlfriend, with the Birtley shootings occurring in the early hours of Saturday, the next day. As a result, Temporary Chief Constable Sue Sim announced Northumbria Police would be voluntarily referring the case to the IPCC for investigation.


2010 Northumbria Police manhunt, IPCC investigation
Following Moat's death in Rothbury, it was announced that the IPCC investigation would be expanded to focus on two parts of the Northumbria Police operation – whether police could have warned Stobbart she was in danger, and the handling of the events leading to Moat's death including the discharge of two Tasers by police. The IPCC stated it would not be investigating how the manhunt itself was conducted. In 2014, Northumbria Police angrily denied IPCC findings that it had failed to act on intelligence about Moat or support the injured Rathband.


2010 Northwestern State Demons football team
The 2010 Northwestern State Demons football team represented Northwestern State University in the 2010 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Demons were led by second-year head coach Bradley Dale Peveto and played their home games at Harry Turpin Stadium. They are a member of the Southland Conference. They finished the season 5–6, 4–3 in Southland play to finish in fifth place.


2010 Northwestern Wildcats football team
The 2010 Northwestern Wildcats football team represented Northwestern University in the Big Ten during the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Pat Fitzgerald, in his fifth season at Northwestern, was the team's head coach. The Wildcats home games were played at Ryan Field in Evanston, Illinois. The annual rivalry game against the University of Illinois was played at Wrigley Field on November 20.


2010 Northwestern Wildcats football team
The Wildcats finished the season 7–6, 3–5 in Big Ten play and was invited to the inaugural TicketCity Bowl where they were defeated by Texas Tech 38–45.


2010 Northwestern Wildcats football team, Previous season
Last season, the Wildcats finished the season 8–5 (5–3 in Big Ten play) and lost in the Outback Bowl 35–38 in overtime against Auburn.


2010 Northwestern Wildcats football team, Regular season, Iowa
Northwestern won a thriller by scoring two touchdowns in the fourth quarter. The Wildcats led in the first two periods, but the Hawkeyes scored twice to take the lead in the third quarter.


2010 Northwestern Wildcats football team, Regular season, Illinois
The Wildcats, one week after upsetting a ranked Iowa team, fell flat in Wrigley Field, losing 48-27 to the Fighting Illini. Illinois RB Mikel LeShoure ran wild on Northwestern's defense for 330 yards on 33 carries (for an average of 10.0 yards per carry), with a pair of touchdowns. The loss snapped a two game Northwestern winning streak over Illinois and sealed a bowl berth for Illinois, regardless of the outcome of their season finale against Fresno State next week. Northwestern falls to 3-4 in Big Ten play and 7-4 overall. The Wildcats face the 10-1 Wisconsin Badgers next week in Camp Randall Stadium, where they have not won since the 2000 season.


2010 North–South Expressway crash
The 2010 North–South Expressway crash took place on 10 October 2010. Twelve people were killed and more than 50 others injured in a highway crash involving two buses, three cars and a van at Km 223 of the North–South Expressway, near the Simpang Ampat Interchange, Malacca, Malaysia. The accident caused massive traffic jams on both sides of the expressway.


2010 Norway terror plot
The 2010 Norway terror plot was a Norway-based plan to bomb the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten and to kill the cartoonist Kurt Westergaard. Two men with links to Al-Qaeda were convicted for the plot, while a third person was acquitted for terror charges.


2010 Norway terror plot, Background
After investigations by Norwegian intelligence in cooperation with US and British intelligence, three men with residence in Norway were arrested on 8 July 2010 in what was described as part of the largest terrorist network uncovered since the September 11 attacks. The men were thought to be part of an Al-Qaeda cell in Norway with links to the network responsible for the 2009 New York City Subway and United Kingdom plot, and were charged with conspiracy to commit one or more acts of terrorism in Norway. The plots were thought to have been ordered by Saleh al-Somali, and to have had links to Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah. At least two of the suspects had regularly attended the Muslim Cultural Center in Sarpsborg, a radical mosque known for its militant views.


2010 Norway terror plot, Investigation and trial
According to the Norwegian Police Security Service (PST), the men were thought to have planned to make bombs based on hydrogen peroxide. It was revealed that Jakobsen had contacted PST months prior to the arrest, and that he had functioned as their informant. Due to being under extensive surveillance, Norwegian police were able to replace the dangerous chemicals thought to be acquired by the cell with harmless ones.


2010 Norway terror plot, Investigation and trial
In September, Bujak confessed to having planned to bomb the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten and to shoot the cartoonist Kurt Westergaard together with Davud. In a statement to the Associated Press, Brynjar Meling, Bujak's defense attorney, confirmed that his client acknowledged that he was involved in the plot. "He says it's vital that he, like a true Muslim, tells the truth," Meling said. "It is important that the case will no longer be more serious than it was before and will not cause more harm to Muslims than it has already done."


2010 Norway terror plot, Investigation and trial
All three men had changed their names in the aftermath of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy. Some days later, the suspected main perpetrator Mikael Davud claimed that he had planned to bomb the Chinese embassy and other Chinese interests in Oslo and other parts of Norway as part of a personal vendetta because of the treatment of ethnic Uighurs in China,                                                                                unknowingly to the other suspects. A solo plot would notably have avoided the stricter sentencing under Norway's anti-terror laws which required a person to have entered into a conspiracy with at least one other person.


2010 Norway terror plot, Investigation and trial
On 30 January 2012 the Oslo District Court convicted Davud and Bujak for conspiracy to commit terror against Jyllands-Posten in Copenhagen or Århus, while dismissing Davud's claims of plans to bomb the Chinese embassy. Davud was sentenced to seven years in prison, Bajuk to three and a half years, while Jakobsen was acquitted of the terror charges. All three were convicted for having produced explosives.


2010 Norway terror plot, Investigation and trial
The verdicts were upheld following appeals to the Borgarting Court of Appeal and finally the Supreme Court of Norway, with Davud's sentence being raised to eight years.


2010 Norwegian Figure Skating Championships
The 2010 Norwegian Figure Skating Championships was held in Oslo from January 15 to 17, 2010. Skaters competed in the discipline of single skating. The results were used to choose the teams to the 2010 World Championships, the 2010 European Championships, the 2010 Nordic Championships, and the 2010 World Junior Championships.


2010 Norwegian First Division
The 2010 1. divisjon (referred to as Adeccoligaen for sponsorship reasons) was a Norwegian second-tier football season. The season began play on 5 April 2010 and ended on 7 November 2010.


2010 Norwegian First Division
The clubs relegated from the Tippeligaen in 2009 were Fredrikstad (after relegation play-offs), Bodø/Glimt and Lyn. HamKam, Notodden, Stavanger and Skeid were relegated to the 2. divisjon in 2009 after finishing from thirteenth to sixteenth place respectively. Strømmen, Follo, Sandnes Ulf and Ranheim were promoted from the 2. divisjon in 2009.


2010 Norwegian First Division
At the end of the season, a two-legged promotion playoff was played between the 3rd, 4th, and 5th placed teams in the 1. divisjon and the 14th placed team in the Tippeligaen, Fredrikstad won this playoff against Hønefoss, and was promoted together with Sogndal and Sarpsborg 08.


2010 Norwegian First Division
FK Lyn elected to file for bankruptcy on 30 June, following an extended period of financial distress, and formally withdrew from the league on 7 July. Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the competition, all games involving Lyn was annulled and the team placed at the bottom of the standings.


2010 Norwegian First Division
Follo did not finish their licensing application for the 2011 season before the time limit of September 15, and were thus relegated at the end of the season even though they finished outside the relegation zone. As a result of this, Sandnes Ulf, which was the best placed team of those inside the relegation zone, avoided relegation. Tromsdalen and Moss were the remaining two teams relegated to the 2011 2. divisjon.


2010 Norwegian First Division, Promotion play-offs
The third-placed team in 1. divisjon, Fredrikstad, took part in a two-legged play-off against the 14th-placed team in Tippeligaen, Hønefoss.


2010 Norwegian First Division, Promotion play-offs
Fredrikstad won 8–1 on aggregate and were promoted to the 2011 Tippeligaen; Hønefoss were relegated to the 1. divisjon.


2010 Norwegian Football Cup
The 2010 Norwegian Football Cup was the 105th season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The competition started with two qualifying rounds on 11 April and 21 April, and the final was held on 14 November at Ullevaal Stadion. A total  of 127 games were played and 508 goals were scored. The defending champions were Aalesund.


2010 Norwegian Football Cup
The winners of the Cup, Strømsgodset, can call themselves Champions of Norway and qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League.


2010 Norwegian Football Cup, Results, Third round
The games were played, in a one-leg format, between June 9–10.


2010 Norwegian Football Cup, Results, Fourth round
The draw was made on June 11. The Games were played in a one-leg format.


2010 Norwegian Football Cup Final
The 2010 Norwegian Football Cup Final was the final match of the 2010 Norwegian Football Cup, the 105th season of the Norwegian Football Cup, the premier Norwegian football cup competition organized by the Football Association of Norway (NFF). The match was played on 14 November 2010 at the Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo, and was contested between the First Division side Follo and the Tippeligaen side Strømsgodset. Strømsgodset defeated Follo 2–0 to claim the Norwegian Cup for a fifth time in their history.


2010 Norwich City Council election
The 2010 Norwich City Council election took place on 9 September 2010 to elect members of Norwich City Council in England. One third of seats were up for election. The elections took place later in the year than other local elections. Norwich had previously been granted permission to become a unitary authority, with local elections postponed until 2011. When the Coalition Government won the general election earlier that year, Norwich's permission to form a unitary authority was overturned. Because of this, the High Court ruled that those councillors who had stayed on beyond their four-year term were no longer constitutionally elected, and would need to seek re-election. This resulted in there being an election in every ward in September to renew the mandate for the wards.


2010 Norwich City Council election
All changes in vote share are calculated with reference to the 2006 election, the last time these seats were contested.


2010 Norwich City Council election, Election result
Changes in vote share are relative to the last time these seats were contested in 2006.


2010 Norwich City Council election, Council Composition
Prior to the election the composition of the council was:


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Brian Kelly and played its home games at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana. This was Kelly's first season as Notre Dame's head coach, after leading the Cincinnati Bearcats to a 12–0 regular season and BCS bowl berth. In 2010, Notre Dame's regular season schedule was ranked the most difficult schedule in the nation with a Team Opposition Record Percentage of .6529 (the poll published by the NCAA only includes wins against Division 1 teams). They finished the season 8–5 and were invited to the Sun Bowl where they defeated the Miami Hurricanes, 33–17.


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Pre-season, Coaching changes
Following the 2009 season, Notre Dame fired head coach Charlie Weis after the Irish finished 6-6, well below expectations of competing for a BCS bowl berth. Brian Kelly was named as his replacement on Dec 10, 2009. Running Backs coach Tony Alford was the lone assistant retained from Weis's staff. Before Rob Ianello could be considered, he took the head job at the University of Akron Ron Powlus followed Ianello to Akron.


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Pre-season, Player departures
Irish stars Jimmy Clausen and Golden Tate chose to forgo their final years of eligibility and declare for the 2010 NFL draft. The Irish also lost a number of seniors to graduation, including linemen Eric Olsen, Paul Duncan and four-year starter Sam Young. Other notable losses included running back James Aldridge, wideout Robby Parris, and George West on offense. On defense, ND lost senior captains Kyle McCarthy and Scott Smith, Raeshon McNeil, Sergio Brown, John Ryan and Ray Herring to graduation. Standout special teams player Mike Anello also finished his final year of eligibility.


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Pre-season, Player departures
Sophomore defensive back E.J Banks left the team in August 2010, but will still be enrolled at the school. On August 31, within days of the September 4 season opener against Purdue, sophomore wide receiver Shaquelle Evans was granted his release from the team, and decided to enroll at UCLA. Freshman Derek Roback also left the program in early September, as his desire to play quarterback led to his transfer to Ohio


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Pre-season, Player additions
With his first recruiting class, Brian Kelly received 23 signed commitments from high school players across the United States. Among them was five early-enrollees: Quarterback Tommy Rees, Wide Receiver Tai-ler Jones, Cornerback Lo Wood, Cornerback Spencer Boyd and Safety Chris Badger. Spencer Boyd transferred to USF in early July, and Chris Badger left on a two-year Mormon mission to Ecuador in August. On April 2, 2010 Notre Dame recruit Matt James, who committed to Notre Dame on National Signing Day, died when he fell from a three-story hotel balcony in Panama City, Florida.


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Game summaries, USC
On a rainy Southern California night, the Trojans' Joe Houston kicked a 45-yard field goal to give USC a first quarter lead. The second quarter, however, belonged to the Irish, as QB Tommy Rees completed a pair of 1-yard pass touchdowns to Michael Floyd and Duval Kamara, with Kamara's coming just before the half. David Ruffer missed the extra point on the second touchdown. In the third quarter, the Trojans kicked a field goal and Mitch Mustain ran in for a 1-yard touchtown, which was aided by a Notre Dame fumble.


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Game summaries, USC
Joe Houston's 37-yard field goal gave the Trojans a fourth quarter lead. But Notre Dame came back with a 5-yard rush touchdown by Robert Hughes to give the Irish the lead back and the game. Notre Dame finally ended USC's streak of consecutive victories, which dated back to 2001. USC's attempt to come back was stopped by a Notre Dame interception at the one-yard line.


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Game summaries, Miami (FL)
Tommy Rees passed for 201 yards and two touchdowns to Michael Floyd as Notre Dame beat Miami 33–17. After a 20-year hiatus in the series, it was all Irish in the latest installment of a storied rivalry that became known during the 1980s as "Catholics versus Convicts." The Irish reached the end zone on three of its first four possessions. Rees tossed TD passes of 3 and 34 yards to Floyd and Cierre Wood broke free on a 34-yard scoring run. David Ruffer added field goals from 40, 50 and 19 yards.


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Game summaries, Miami (FL)
The Irish defense picked off Miami starting quarterback Jacory Harris 3 times and logged 4 total interceptions in the first half to help the team jump out to a 27–0 lead in the first half. The Hurricanes tried to rally in the 4th quarter behind backup quarterback Stephen Morris, who threw a 6-yard touchdown to Leonard Hankerson and a 42-yard scoring play to Tommy Streeter, but it was too late by then. Rees was able to make some key first downs to effectively run out the clock late in the 4th quarter.


2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Game summaries, Miami (FL)
The game sold out in 21 hours, the fastest in the Sun Bowl's 77-year history, and the crowd of 54,021 set a bowl attendance record. Floyd's two touchdowns pushed him past Jeff Samardzija and Golden Tate to claim 28 career touchdowns, the most in Irish history. Senior safety Harrison Smith logged three interceptions in the first half, tying the Sun Bowl record. The Irish victory also made Brian Kelly the first Fighting Irish coach to win a bowl game in his first season (Notre Dame did not play in bowl-games from the 1925 through 1968 seasons due to a self-imposed ban on post-season play).


2010 Nova Scotia Men's Molson Provincial Championship
The 2010 Nova Scotia Men's Molson Provincial Championship was held February 3–7 at the Mayflower Curling Club in the Halifax Regional Municipality. The winning team, skipped by Ian Fitzner-LeBlanc represented Nova Scotia at the 2010 Tim Hortons Brier, also in Halifax.


2010 Nova Scotia Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2010 Nova Scotia Scotties Tournament of Hearts was held January 5–10 at the Liverpool Curling Club in Liverpool, Nova Scotia. The winning team of Nancy McConnery represented Nova Scotia at the 2010 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, where they finished round robin with a 1-10 record.


2010 Nova Scotia Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Qualification, Round 1
The first qualification round was held from December 4–6, 2009 at the Glooscap Curling Club, in Kentville. It was held in a triple knockout format, qualifying six teams to the provincial championship.


2010 Nova Scotia Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Qualification, Round 2
The second qualification round was held from December 18–20, 2009 at the Shelburne Curling Club, in Shelburne. It was held in a double knockout format, qualifying two teams to the provincial championship.


2010 Nova Scotia provincial by-elections
Two provincial by-elections were held in Nova Scotia to fill vacancies in the House of Assembly.


2010 Nova Scotia provincial by-elections, Glace Bay
The district of Glace Bay was vacated by Liberal Party MNA Dave Wilson; Geoff MacLellan won the election to replace him on June 22, 2010


2010 Nova Scotia provincial by-elections, Glace Bay, Yarmouth
The district of Yarmouth was vacated by Liberal Party MNA Richard Hurlburt; Zach Churchill won the election to replace him on June 22, 2010


2010 Nova Scotia provincial by-elections, Glace Bay, Cumberland South
The district of Cumberland South was vacated by Progressive Conservative MNA Murray Scott; Jamie Baillie won the election to replace him on October 26, 2010.


2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season
The 2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season officially commenced on January 4 with the start of the 2010 ATP World Tour.


2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season, Yearly summary, Grand Slam performances, Australian Open
Djokovic eased through the initial four rounds of the first Grand Slam of the year, dropping just one set to Marco Chiudinelli. In a repeat of the 2008 final, Djokovic faced Jo-Wilfried Tsonga in the quarter-finals. Tsonga "gained revenge with an absorbing – albeit error-strewn – victory against the third seed in a match lasting almost four hours." Djokovic had convincingly won the third set 6–1 but soon after left the court having told the umpire that he was about to vomit. After the medical time out, Djokovic returned to the court but "quickly found himself 5–0 down and never really recovered." Tsonga eventually progressed by way of a 7–6(8–6) 6–7(5–7) 1–6 6–3 6–1 victory. Despite the loss, Djokovic attained a career-high ranking of world no. 2.


2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season, Yearly summary, Grand Slam performances, Roland Garros
Djokovic entered the French Open seeded third. He defeated Evgeny Korolev, Kei Nishikori, Victor Hănescu, and Robby Ginepri en route to the quarter-finals; his opponent there was Jürgen Melzer. No.22 seed Melzer overcame Djokovic in 4 hours and 15 minutes with Djokovic having had a two sets to love advantage. Despite suffering from hayfever-like symptoms, Djokovic managed to save two match points before eventually relinquishing the match. It was the first time Melzer reached the last four of a Grand Slam event.


2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season, Yearly summary, Grand Slam performances, Wimbledon
Again seeded third, Djokovic defeated Olivier Rochus, Taylor Dent and Albert Montañés to set up a fourth round encounter with former Wimbledon champion Lleyton Hewitt. Djokovic eventually progressed to his second Wimbledon semi-final against Tomáš Berdych, the Czech having upset Roger Federer in the previous round. "Djokovic had won both the previous matches between the two and as the world no. 3 was the higher-ranked player, far more experienced at this level, having played in six previous semi-finals." Nevertheless, Berdych overcame Djokovic in straight sets, setting up a final with Rafael Nadal.


2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season, Yearly summary, Grand Slam performances, US Open
Djokovic came very close to losing in his opening round against Viktor Troicki in extreme heat. He then defeated Philipp Petzschner, James Blake and Mardy Fish, and number 17 seed Gaël Monfils, all in straight sets to reach the US Open semifinals for the fourth consecutive year. In the semifinals, Djokovic defeated Roger Federer in five sets after saving 2 match points with forehand winners while serving to stay in the match at 4–5 in the 5th set. It was Djokovic's first victory over Federer at the US Open in four attempts and his first victory over Federer in a Major since the 2008 Australian Open. Djokovic lost to Nadal in the final, a match that saw Nadal complete his career Grand Slam.


2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season, All matches
This table chronicles all the matches of Djokovic in 2010, including walkovers (W/O) which the ATP does not count as wins. They are marked ND for non-decision or no decision.


2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season, Tournament schedule, Singles schedule
NOTE: In 2010 season total year-end points from ABN AMRO Tournament and Aegon Championships were not counted, as well as those from First Round, Quarterfinals and Semifinals of Davis Cup.


2010 Novak Djokovic tennis season, Yearly records, Head-to-head matchups
Novak Djokovic had a 4–8 (33.3%) record against the top 10, a 38–15 (71.7%) against the top 50 and a 23–3 (88.5%) against players outside the top 50.


2010 Novilon Eurocup Ronde van Drenthe
The 2010 Novilon Eurocup Ronde van Drenthe was the 12th running of the Damesronde van Drenthe, a women's bicycle race in Drenthe, the Netherlands. It was held on 11 April 2010 over a distance of 141.2 kilometres (87.7 miles). It was rated by the UCI as a 1.1 category race.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit
The 2010 Nuclear Security Summit was a summit held in Washington, D.C., on April 12 and 13, 2010. The Summit focused on how to better safeguard weapons-grade plutonium and uranium to prevent nuclear terrorism.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Overview
The New START treaty was signed on April 8, 2010, in Prague by United States President Barack Obama and President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev. After this summit, Iran hosted its own conference, International Conference on Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, on April 17–18 (see below). Then in May 2010, the 2010 review conference for the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) was held at United Nations headquarters in New York.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Background
With the fall of the Soviet Union, the nuclear weapons existing within the former Soviet territory became a concern. There was a priority in disarming the remaining weapons, as well as reducing the number of development facilities and materials. Following the 9/11 attacks in 2001, the possibility of terrorists misusing nuclear materials and facilities became a real threat, and nuclear security was highlighted as a means to combat the threat of nuclear terrorism.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Background
On April 5, 2009, in Prague, U.S. President Barack Obama had presented a three-part strategy to address the international nuclear threat. The strategy consisted 1.) proposing measures to reduce and eventually eliminate existing nuclear arsenals; 2.) strengthening the Non-proliferation Treaty and halting proliferation of nuclear weapons to additional states; and 3.) preventing terrorists from acquiring nuclear weapons or materials. The President stated in his Prague speech that nuclear terrorism is the most immediate and extreme threat to global security.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Background
He announced an international effort to secure vulnerable nuclear materials within four years, break up black markets, detect and intercept materials in transit, and use financial tools to disrupt illicit trade in nuclear materials. In the 2009 L'Aquila Summit held in Italy Obama formally announced his plan to host a Global Nuclear Security Summit in March 2010 for this purpose.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Participants
The Summit was the largest gathering of heads of state called by a United States president since the 1945 United Nations Conference on International Organization. Delegations from forty-seven governments including the United States attended, thirty-eight of which were represented by heads of state or government. Delegations from the European Union, the International Atomic Energy Agency, and the United Nations also attended.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Participants
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu canceled his plans to attend the Summit due to concerns that there would be demands for Israel to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Participants
The United Kingdom was the only official nuclear weapons state (as recognised under the NPT) not to be represented by its head of government. British Prime Minister Gordon Brown did not attend as the summit took place during the 2010 general election campaign in the UK. The summit was instead attended by Foreign Secretary David Miliband.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Schedule and agenda, April 13
Tuesday's schedule included the following events, many of which were isolated from the news media:


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Non-binding communiqué
A non-binding communiqué issued after the summit recognized nuclear terrorism as "one of the most challenging threats to international security" and saw parties:


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Non-binding communiqué
In response to the communiqué offered at the summit, U.S. Senate Republican Jon Kyl said that "the summit's purported accomplishment is a nonbinding communiqué that largely restates current policy, and makes no meaningful progress in dealing with nuclear terrorism threats or the ticking clock represented by Iran's nuclear weapons program."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Non-binding communiqué
U.S. President Barack Obama said in a news conference after the summit that he was "going to push as hard as I can to make sure that we get strong sanctions that have consequences for Iran as it's making calculations about its nuclear program and that those are done on a timely basis."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Other consequences
The value of informal conversations and discussions is an important aspect of international conferences. Only some lead to directly to an announcement in the summit context.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Other consequences
On the first day of the Summit, Ukraine announced that it would give up its 90-kilogram (200 lb) stock of highly enriched uranium and convert its research reactors from highly enriched to low-enriched uranium. It intends to accomplish these goals by 2012.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Other consequences
The topic of a nuclear fuel bank was briefly discussed by some members attending the conference. President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev sought the United States' backing to house a nuclear fuel bank while he was in Washington for the event and Prime Minister of Pakistan Yousaf Raza Gillani issued a statement saying Pakistan would like to act as a provider and "participate in any non-discriminatory nuclear fuel cycle assurance mechanism". The UAE also reconfirmed its $10 million pledge to the IAEA Nuclear Fuel Bank and its policy of foregoing domestic enrichment and spent fuel reprocessing.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Other consequences
The most widely anticipated meeting during the Summit was the bilateral meeting between Barack Obama and President Hu Jintao of China held on April 12. During the ninety-minute meeting the two leaders discussed global economic rebalancing and Iran's nuclear program. China agreed to work with the United States at the United Nations on a resolution imposing further economic sanctions on Iran. The Chinese Foreign Ministry issued a statement saying sanctions and pressure cannot fundamentally resolve the Iran nuclear issue while reiterating China's adherence to a dual-track strategy. "We support the international nuclear non-proliferation system, maintain the peace and stability in the Middle East, oppose Iran having nuclear weapons and support a dual-track strategy," Foreign Ministry spokesperson Jiang Yu said.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Other consequences
On the second day of the Summit, President Obama announced that the next summit meeting about this subject will be in South Korea — see 2012 Nuclear Security Summit.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Other consequences
Also on the second day of the Summit, Canada, Mexico, and the United States reached an agreement "that will help convert fuel at Mexico's nuclear research reactor to a lower grade of uranium unsuitable for nuclear weapons." The project, which will be overseen by the International Atomic Energy Agency, will eliminate all highly enriched uranium in Mexico.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Other consequences
Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton signed an update to a 2000 agreement calling on each country to dispose of 34 metric tons of weapons-grade plutonium by burning it as fuel in nuclear reactors. Additionally, Russian President Medvedev confirmed plans to close a plutonium production reactor in Zheleznogorsk.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Other consequences
A summit document also highlighted a comprehensive nuclear law passed in March by Egypt to strengthen nuclear security, and funding contributions by several countries to nuclear regulatory agencies and programs.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit
The nuclear security summit generated a variety of reactions from media, organizations, and politicians among others. Charles Hanley, who has reported on nuclear arms control for three decades for the Associated Press, commented that "the world took a big step out of the age of MAD and into an even madder age, when a dark vision of random nuclear terror will shadow our days for decades or more to come."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, Media reactions
Jonathan Marcus from the BBC wrote that "the battle to safeguard nuclear materials will be a struggle with small victories in different parts of the world." Judson Berger of Fox News wrote that "the United States rapidly is becoming the hottest destination for unwanted nuclear fuel" which raises concerns about cost, since the U.S. devotes millions of dollars to converting the material. And it could raise questions about security, too. Louis Charbonneau of Reuters commented that the "summit took a step toward lowering the risk of a terrorist group getting an atomic weapon, but real progress depends on countries keeping the promises they made".


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, Organizational reactions
Sam Nunn, a former U.S. senator who tutored Mr. Obama on nuclear proliferation issues said he believed "we are now closer to cooperation than catastrophe." Graham Allison, an expert on nuclear terrorism at Harvard University, made the case that if countries "lock down all nuclear weapons and bomb-usable material as securely as gold in Fort Knox, they can reduce the likelihood of a nuclear 9/11 to nearly zero."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, Organizational reactions
Paul Stares, Director of the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations, wrote "some observers will doubtless pronounce the summit's outcome as modest and, in any case, pre-cooked" but argued that the participation of nations from the developing world was encouraging and that the summit injected important momentum toward the goal of securing all nuclear weapons-usable material within four years. Stares asserted that "patient, incremental steps may not be very exciting, but they can still achieve a lot."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, Organizational reactions
Daryl Kimball, Executive Director of the Arms Control Association, and Peter Crail, a Nonproliferation Analyst at the Arms Control Association, said "the summit was also able to point out that this risk of nuclear terrorism is a shared one and is not just a threat to the United States".


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, Organizational reactions
They called on the U.S. to work for a global halt to the production of weapons-usable material, to discourage states from separating plutonium as part of their spent fuel reprocessing program, and for the "U.S. Congress to fully support programs aimed at enhancing nuclear security around the globe and combating illicit nuclear trafficking".


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, Organizational reactions
International Atomic Energy Agency Director General Yukiya Amano welcomed the strong support expressed at the summit for the Agency's "essential role" in the field of nuclear security. "I am pleased that the IAEA’s efforts to make nuclear facilities and borders more secure to reduce the threat of nuclear terrorism are recognized at the highest levels of government," he said. Amano further said he was "grateful to all those who have matched their words of support today with much needed pledges to ensure that the IAEA has the resources it needs to make all of us more secure."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, Organizational reactions
Stephen Walt, a professor of international affairs at Harvard University writing for Foreign Policy, said he would give the summit "pretty high marks" for "a lot of useful pre-summit diplomacy" and for its acknowledgement that "the effort to promote greater nuclear security is primarily a political-diplomatic campaign, and one that will require sustained energy and attention". Walt wrote that it was a rare "policy problems that we actually do know how to address", that it was easier and cheaper to address than climate change, and that " there are hardly any counter-arguments against it".


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, U.S. political reactions
In response to the summit, U.S. Senate Republican Jon Kyl asserted that "the greatest threat of nuclear proliferation and terrorism comes from Iran" and that "despite the talk at the security summit, it appears we are no closer to tough sanctions or a meaningful Security Council resolution today, seven months after the President said that the regime would face sanctions."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, U.S. political reactions
U.S. President Barack Obama said in a news conference after the summit that China had sent official representatives to negotiations in New York to begin the process of drafting a sanctions resolution and that he had told the Chinese President that "words have to mean something, there have to be some consequences".


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, U.S. political reactions
Obama further said "the fact that we've got Russia and China, as well as the other P5-plus-1 members having a serious discussion around a sanctions regime, following up on a serious sanctions regime that was passed when North Korea flouted its obligations towards the NPT, it's a sign of the degree to which international diplomacy is making it more possible for us to isolate those countries that are breaking their international obligations."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, U.S. political reactions
U.S. Senator Richard Lugar met with Chilean President Sebastián Piñera and praised the Chilean cooperation with the U.S. to secure and remove 40 pounds (18 kg) of highly enriched uranium in the midst of its earthquake recovery. Lugar also welcomed the announcement by Ukraine to relinquish its highly enriched uranium stockpile. “Combating nuclear terrorism requires that we take every step possible and I hope President Obama’s leadership brings new momentum to this vital mission," Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman John Kerry said.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, International reactions
For its part, Iran's envoy to the IAEA denounced the summit, to which it was not invited. The envoy said any action taken at the summit would not be legally binding and that the U.S. could not hold countries not invited to the summit to any thing the summit might agree to. He further argued it was Washington that was "the real threat to international security with its nuclear weapons." Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad condemned the summit in the U.S. He called the meeting "humiliating to humanity. World summits being organised these days are intended to humiliate human beings. These foolish people who are in charge are like stupid, retarded people who brandish their swords whenever they face shortcomings, without realising that the time for this type of thing is over." Iran was not officially on the summit agenda.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, International reactions
Iran organized a two-day nuclear conference which was held a week after this summit, with the theme "Nuclear Energy for All, Nuclear Weapons for None."


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Summit consequences, Reaction to the summit, International reactions
At that conference, President Ahmadinejad took issue with the U.S.' establishment of a new policy that did not rule out the use of nuclear weapons against Iran and North Korea, both of which have withdrawn from or violated the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and had UN Security Council Resolutions passed against them. Ahmadinejad further called for more rigorous action than that outlined by the above summit. Iranian supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei reiterated a religious edict he had issued earlier against the use of all nuclear weapons.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Security
The Summit was described by The Washington Post as having the greatest concentration of security in Washington since the inauguration of Barack Obama. An area of several city blocks surrounding the Walter E. Washington Convention Center—site of the Summit—was closed to traffic and parking. Thirteen Metrobus lines were rerouted and the Mount Vernon Square station was closed for the duration of the Summit. The Office of Personnel Management urged federal employees to telecommute or alter their schedules to avoid traffic in the affected areas.


2010 Nuclear Security Summit, Security
On April 12, a bicyclist identified as 68-year-old Constance Holden was killed when she was struck by a National Guard truck. The truck was moving into position to block the intersection of New York Avenue NW and 12th Street NW for a passing Summit-related motorcade. Holden was a journalist who had worked for the journal Science since 1970; she had just left work at the American Association for the Advancement of Science headquarters before being struck.


2010 Nuneaton and Bedworth Borough Council election
Elections to Nuneaton and Bedworth Borough Council were held on 6 May 2010. Half of the council was up for election and the Conservative Party lost control of the council, leaving it hung and Labour the largest party. This was the first time that the borough council had been hung since before 1974 when the new authority was formed.


2010 Nuneaton and Bedworth Borough Council election
The 2009 Camphill by-election ensured Labour 17 seats by the time of the 2010 result.


2010 Nyköping municipal election
Nyköping Municipality in Sweden held a municipal election on 19 September 2010. This was part of the local elections and held on the same day as the general election.


2010 Nyköping municipal election, Results
The number of seats remained at 61 with the Social Democrats winning the most at 23, a drop of three from 2006.


2010 Nyköping municipal election, Electoral wards
There were three constituencies: Eastern, Northern and Western. Helgona, Herrhagen, Högbrunn and Väster had a minority of their electorates located in sparsely populated rural areas, but were predominantly in the Nyköping urban area.


2010 Nürburgring Superbike World Championship round
The 2010 Nürburgring Superbike World Championship round was the eleventh round of the 2010 Superbike World Championship season. It took place on the weekend of September 3–5, 2010, at the Nürburgring.


2010 Nürburgring Superbike World Championship round, Results, Superbike race 1 classification
Race 1 was red flagged after one lap due to a crash involving Leon Haslam and Troy Corser, and later restarted with full length.