2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, November
Days later, on November 9, Boston resigned two key players in the 2009 campaign. Catcher/first baseman Victor Martínez, who was brought to Boston in a block-buster trade at the trade deadline from the Cleveland Indians for pitchers Justin Masterson, Nick Hagadone and Bryan Price, had a $7.1 million option picked up after hitting .336 with 8 HR and 41 RBI in 56 games during 2009. "We're going to really look for Victor to be an everyday catcher for us next year.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, November
We feel like that puts us in the best position to win with Victor catching as much as he can. The other spot we'll have available is for more of a traditional backup. We'll see what Tek's decision is before we move forward", Epstein told Boston reporters at the General Managers' Meeting in Chicago.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, November
Boston also signed veteran knuckle-baller Tim Wakefield to a two-year deal worth $10 million. Before the All-Star break, Wakefield was tied for the American League lead in wins with 11 and was selected to his first All-Star game. (However, he did not pitch as part of the 2009 American League All-Star Manager Joe Maddon's decision.) Unfortunately, Wakefield did not get an opportunity to finish his season the same way as injuries kept him to just four starts after the All-Star Break.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, November
"He wants to end his career in a Red Sox uniform, which is something we would like to see as well. For us, the finances made a lot of sense", Epstein told reporters at the GM Meeting in Chicago on the same day. On the same day, Boston declined team options on C Jason Varitek and SS Álex González, only to have Varitek exercise his own $3 million option to remain with the Red Sox for the 14th straight season two days later, keeping his "captain" status.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, December
Ever since the 2004 departure of former Red Sox star-shortstop Nomar Garciaparra at the Trade Deadline, the Red Sox have witnessed an array of shortstops brought in to stop the bleeding. On December 4, the Red Sox inked former Toronto Blue Jays SS Marco Scutaro to a two-year, $11 million contract, with a dual option for 2012 worth $6 million if the Red Sox pick it up, and $3 million if Scutaro picks it up. "We were looking to upgrade at shortstop. We were pretty clear about that going into the winter.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, December
Right from the start, we identified Marco as the best free agent and a guy who would be the best fit for this ballclub. It was a process of doing our due diligence and making sure we understood the whole landscape of the position through trades and free agency and then doing more due diligence on Marco", remarked Theo Epstein regarding the signing. Scutaro had a break-out season with Toronto in 2009, batting .282, scoring 100 runs, belting 12 homers, and producing a .379 OBP as the leadoff hitter.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, December
Right from the start, we identified Marco [Scutaro] as the best free agent and a guy who would be the best fit for this ballclub.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, December
On December 9, Boston made a move for the bettering of their bullpen, which had lost both Takashi Saito and Billy Wagner to free agency signings by the Atlanta Braves (who picked up both relievers), and acquired reliever Ramón A. Ramírez from the Tampa Bay Rays. Ramírez had pitched for the Cincinnati Reds from 2008–2009, compiling a 1–1 record with a 2.97 ERA, striking out 29 in 39.1 innings over the two seasons. The next day, Boston traded minor-league pitcher Chris Province to the Minnesota Twins for starter/reliever Boof Bonser. Bonser pitched for the Twins from 2006–2008 before undergoing season-ending right shoulder surgery in the spring of 2009, compiling an 18–25 record with a sub-par 5.12 ERA, striking out 317 in 391.2 innings and 60 starts.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, December
The following week, on December 16, 2009, Boston made a double-headed offseason splash that eclipsed the Scutaro signing the previous month. Boston announced that they had come to terms with former Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim starter John Lackey and former Milwaukee Brewers center-fielder Mike Cameron.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, December
Lackey was inked to a five-year pact worth a reported $82.5 million, sealing his future with the Sox through 2014. For his career, Lackey has a record of 102–71 with a 3.81 ERA (1201 K/1501.1 IP/1.31 WHIP). His best season was 2007, where he went 19–9 with a 3.01 and made the All-Star Team. He also finished 3rd in the Cy Young Award voting for the American League the same year. The addition of Lackey creates arguably the strongest "big three" atop any rotation in the Major Leagues. With aces Josh Beckett and Jon Lester already manning the 1–2 slam, Lackey provides the 3-hole punch that can likely compete with that of American League East division rival Yankees, consisting of ace CC Sabathia, former Blue Jay ace A. J. Burnett, and long-time Yankee playoff star Andy Pettitte.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, December
Cameron was signed to a two-year deal worth between $15 and $16 million, signing him for the 2010 and 2011 seasons. Cameron has hit .250 with 265 HR, 926 RBI, .340 OBP, and a .448 SLUG% in his impressive 1,829 Major League career games. He has eclipsed 20 home runs in eight different seasons, while playing for the Chicago White Sox, Cincinnati Reds, Seattle Mariners, New York Mets, San Diego Padres and, of course, the Brewers.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, December
On December 29, it was made official that Boston would not be bringing back left-field slugger Jason Bay as the New York Mets signed him to a four-year deal worth $66 million, which signs him from 2010–2013. There is also a fifth-year vesting option worth $17 million, with a $3 million buyout. The option becomes guaranteed if Bay reaches 600 plate appearances in 2013, or 500 plate appearances in both 2012 and 2013. The deal also includes a full no-trade clause, $8.5 million signing bonus, $6.5 million in 2010, and $16 million in each of the final three guaranteed seasons. In his only full season with the Red Sox, he notched a .267 average, hitting 36 HR and 119 RBI (both career highs) and earning the first Silver Slugger Award of his career.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
To continue the impressive and economical 2009–10 offseason by the Boston front office, Theo Epstein added former Mariner and Los Angeles Dodger, third-baseman Adrián Beltré, to the Bay-less 2010 roster.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
Signing a one-year deal worth $9 million, with a $5 million player option for 2011, which would increase to $10 million if Beltre makes 640 plate appearances in 2010, the Red Sox bought themselves an additional half-season to determine the future of third-baseman Mike Lowell, the Red Sox hot-corner man since coming from the Florida Marlins club in 2006, along with starting ace Josh Beckett, in exchange for now super-star shortstop Hanley Ramírez. Beltre had a very down year with Seattle in 2009, hitting only .265 with 8 HR and 44 RBI in 111 games and 477 at-bats, a performance severely hindered by left shoulder woes. For his career, Beltre has hit .270 with 250 HR and 906 RBI.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
Speculation arose, however, concerning the intellectuality of this move, as many had questioned Beltre's offensive capabilities, and those of the Red Sox themselves, stating that the loss of Jason Bay would hurt the club, who have won at least 95 games in all but one of Terry Francona's seasons as manager. In response to this, Theo Epstein stated, "I think Adrian's reputation is that he's one of best defenders in the game, period, let alone one of the best defensive third baseman. He's got all the attributes you look for in a third baseman.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
He's got quickness, he's got great hands. His feet are tremendous. Great arm and very quick release. He has that signature play coming in on balls, which he does better than maybe anyone in the history of the game. He attacks the baseball. He's really a weapon defensively, and we're looking forward to having him help our run prevention. But as Adrian said, he's not just just a defender. He has the ability to be a very well-rounded player and, in fact, a leader on the team. We look forward to having him help our club win in all phases of the game this year."


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
...[Adrián Beltré]'s not just just a defender. He has the ability to be a very well-rounded player and, in fact, a leader on the team. We look forward to having him help our club win in all phases of the game this year.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
The Beltre signing occurred on January 8. One day prior, the Red Sox acquired another Mariner infielder/outfielder Bill Hall via trade in exchange for poorly-performing first-baseman/outfielder Casey Kotchman, filling a hole at first base for Seattle, who have declined to re-sign first-baseman slugger Russell Branyan. Boston will also receive an undisclosed Minor League player to be named later, and cash considerations.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
Hall will likely be used as a bench player who can give almost anyone a day off when necessary, and if Hall finds his form, Boston may even consider using him to make yet another blockbuster deal at the trade deadline this season, or even in the next offseason. The 30-year-old struggled immensely at the dish in 2009, hitting a microscopic .201 with 8 HR and 36 RBI in 334 at-bats. The Mariners are paying the better part of Hall's 2010 salary, and the rest is being sent to the Red Sox in the form of cash considerations.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
During the last three weeks of January, Boston avoided arbitration hearings with five players by signing them to contracts, keeping alive Epstein's streak of never going to arbitration with any player during his tenure with the Red Sox.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
On January 14, he first signed Japanese setup man Hideki Okajima to a one-year deal worth $2.75 million, with bonus clauses taking effect after 55 games, 60 games, 65 games and 70 games, each clause worth an additional $50,000. In his three-year career with Boston, the 34-year-old veteran is 12–4 with six saves, a 2.72 ERA, 192 IP, and 172 K, while showing remarkable consistency, making at least 60 appearance each season.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
Just five days later, the Red Sox signed All-Star closer Jonathan Papelbon to a one-year, $9.35 million pact, a $3 million update from the $6.25 million he made in 2009. Papelbon, 29, has been to the Major League Baseball All-Star Game all four years he has been in the big leagues. He is Boston's all-time saves leader with 151, and his career is highlighted by stats like 268 appearances, 1.84 ERA, 346 K, 298 IP, .198 BAA, and a 10.45K/9 IP ratio. On this day, Boston also avoided arbitration with key relievers in Manny Delcarmen and Ramón S. Ramírez.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Off season, January
And, to top off Epstein's 8-year streak, the Red Sox signed Jeremy Hermida, whom the Sox acquired just a month earlier, to the tune of one-year and $3.345 million. The left-handed hitter is projected as a back-up to the Boston outfield, composed of Jacoby Ellsbury, Mike Cameron and J. D. Drew, but is happy nonetheless. The Red Sox are hoping he will live up to the expectations that the Marlins put on him when they picked him 11th overall in the 2002 draft.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, Spring training
On February 10, 2010, fans gathered at Fenway Park to kick off the Red Sox preseason by celebrating Truck Day. The first full team workout of the preseason took place on February 24, 2010. Playing other teams in the Grapefruit League, the Red Sox had 17 wins, 14 losses, and 1 tie during spring training.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, 2010 season
General manager Theo Epstein set the tone for the regular season by characterizing  it as a "bridge year", referring to the next wave of key talent that will be ready to take the field in 2011 and 2012. For the 2010 season, Epstein brought in new additions: Marco Scutaro, Adrián Beltré, Mike Cameron and John Lackey.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, 2010 season
Over the course of the season, 19 players spent 24 stints on the disabled list. Starter players Jacoby Ellsbury, Dustin Pedroia and Kevin Youkilis suffered season ending injuries. Due to the abundance of injuries, a number of players within the system emerged to have increased visibility on the team. Altogether, the Red Sox used 53 players in 2010, six of whom made their major league debut in 2010.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, 2010 season, Opening Day
The Red Sox kicked off their 2010 regular season on April 4 at home against the New York Yankees. Trailing the Yankees for most of the game, the Sox began to make a comeback when Jorge Posada made two consecutive errors and Kevin Youkillis crossed home plate, pulling the Sox ahead. The final score was Red Sox 9, Yankees 7.


2010 Boston Red Sox season, 2010 season, Players stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; R = Runs scored; H = Hits; 2B = Doubles; 3B = Triples; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In; BB = Base on Balls; SO = Strike Out; SB = Stolen Bases; AVG = Batting average


2010 Boston Red Sox season, 2010 season, Players stats, Pitching
Note: W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; SV=Saves; SVO = Saves Opportunity; IP = Innings pitched; H =Hits; R= Runs; ER = Earned runs allowed; HR= Home Run allowed; BB = Walks allowed;  SO = Strikeouts


2010 Boston water emergency
The 2010 Boston water emergency occurred on May 1, 2010, when a water pipe in Weston, Massachusetts, broke and began flooding into the Charles River. This led to unsanitary water conditions in the greater Boston area, which resulted in Governor Deval Patrick declaring a state of emergency and an order for residents to boil drinking water. The leak was stopped on May 2. On May 4, the order was lifted. President Barack Obama signed an emergency disaster declaration offering federal help, authorizing the Department of Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency to coordinate disaster relief efforts with Massachusetts.


2010 Boston water emergency
MWRA executive director Frederick Laskey called the break "catastrophic" and "everyone's worst nightmare in the water industry".


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
At about 10 am on May 1, a collar connecting two sections of 10-foot-wide (3.0 m) pipe ruptured in Weston, Massachusetts, disrupting the connection between the MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel and the City Tunnel.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
With the water supply cut off, the emergency water supply reserve system from surrounding ponds was routed to the main water supply.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
The rupture worsened as the afternoon progressed, eventually resulting in the loss of access to clean water from the Quabbin and Wachusett Reservoirs for approximately two million residents of 31 cities and towns, including Boston. At the height of the spill, approximately 8 million US gallons (30,000 m3) of water entered the Charles River per hour. By evening, the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority had activated the backup water system, which was drawing water from the Chestnut Hill Reservoir, and Spot Pond Reservoir. The Sudbury Aqueduct supplied additional water to the Chestnut Hill reservoir from the Sudbury Reservoir and the Framingham #3 reservoir. Because water from these older surface reservoirs is not treated, the MWRA issued a boil order for the affected communities.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) issued an emergency water notice for the Boston area. Governor Deval Patrick issued a state of emergency and a boil-water advisory for Boston and a dozen surrounding communities, affecting nearly 2 million people.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
Local agency officials used a variety of means to inform locals about the situation including location based SMS, Boston's reverse 911 citizen alert system, highway alert signs, driving through affected neighborhoods with bullhorns, and other emergency management systems. As a result of the water boil order, many residents rushed to purchase bottled water at local stores. Many stores quickly sold out of water, and bottled water companies increased shipments at the request of the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency, maintaining availability at other stores.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
Local stores quickly sold out their supplies of bottled water, and the Massachusetts National Guard was dispatched to deliver additional bottled water. The state government also asked bottled-water suppliers to increase their deliveries to the area. Many cafes such as Starbucks and Dunkin' Donuts that depended on municipal water for coffee production were closed or forced to operate with limited functionality.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
By May 2, workers had stopped the spill and begun repairs on the pipe and MWRA officials reported steady water pressure on the night of May 2.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
Experts and officials associated with the MWRA interviewed by reporters stated that the boil-water order was necessary because the backup reservoirs were untreated and unmonitored by bacterial cultures, which take a few days to run; similar situations had resulted in bacterial contamination bad enough to cause distressing gastrointestinal symptoms in otherwise healthy adults.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
On May 4, 2010, at 3 am, Massachusetts Water Resources Authority announced that Governor Patrick had lifted the water-boil order for all but one of affected communities, Saugus. In a press conference later that morning, Patrick stated that tests had since cleared the water in Saugus as well.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
The test results indicated that the bacteria levels in the emergency supply were not atypical for a normal day. If this had been known earlier, the boil-water order would have been unnecessary. No health effects for vulnerable classes, such as infants, pregnant women, and those with a compromised immune system, were reported in secondary sources during this event.


2010 Boston water emergency, Chronology
The engineering investigation following the incident found that the break was caused by failure of the coupling bolts. Inspection of recovered bolts and bolt fragments found that the bolts were poorly manufactured and sized incorrectly for the load.


2010 Bougainvillean general election
Presidential and parliamentary elections were held in Bougainville from 6 to 21 May 2010. Results were expected on 9 June 2010.


2010 Bougainvillean general election, Presidential election
Incumbent James Tanis lost to long-time politician John Momis, who gained 52% of the vote, or around 50,000 votes to Tanis' 15,000. Momis was sworn in on 15 June 2010.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election
The Bougainvillean presidential election of 2010 was held in Bougainville, an autonomous region of Papua New Guinea. The presidential contest was part of the overall general election on the island. Voting began on May 7, 2010, and ended May 24, 2010. Final results for the election were announced on June 8, 2010.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election
John Momis, the former Governor of Bougainville and framer of the Papua New Guinean constitution, defeated incumbent President James Tanis and five other challengers in the election.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election
This was the third presidential election since a 2001 peace agreement. (The 2005 and 2010 elections were previously scheduled, while the special 2008 presidential by-law election was held due to the death of former President Joseph Kabui.)


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election
The presidential election was held simultaneously with the legislative general election. More than three-quarters of all incumbent members of the Bougainvillean House of Representatives were defeated in their re-election bids.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Election background
Incumbent President James Tanis, a former separatist leader in the Bougainville Revolutionary Army, had been elected president in an early 2008 presidential by-election following the unexpected death of former President Joseph Kabui in June 2008. Kabui's death forced the by-election just 18 months before the scheduled presidential election in 2010. Tanis was elected to serve as president for the remainder of Kabui's term. He sought re-election in 2010.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Election background
Voter rolls were updated for the 2010 general election. 134,279 voters were registered to vote in the election. According to the updated voter lists, North Bougainville had the highest number of eligible voters, with 57,979 registered voters; followed by 48,652 voters in South Bougainville and 27,648 voters in Central Bougainville.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Election background
South Bougainville remains the most politically unstable region of the island, with fourteen separate, armed militias operating in the area. Violence in southern Bougainville had decreased during James Tanis' presidency.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Candidates
Seven candidates contested the 2010 presidential election, including incumbent James Tanis. The number was down significantly from the fourteen candidates who ran during the 2008 presidential by-election.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Election results
Early election returns predicted a tight race between the two frontrunners, President James Tanis and challenger John Momis. Both candidates initially led in early counting.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Election results
The earliest results, which were reported from Central Bougainville, gave President Tanis a clear lead over the other candidates, with Tanis' 1405 votes leading all other candidates, including Reuben Siara, who placed second with 495 votes. However, as more areas of the island were reported, Momis was able to significantly cut into Tannis lead. On May 27, Tanis lead Momis by just 268 votes, with 5,226 votes to Momis' 4,958. By June 2, Momis had overtaken Tanis and the other candidates, leading his nearest rival, President James Tanis, by more than 8,000 votes.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Election results
On Tuesday, June 8, 2010, at 2:30 p.m. John Momis was declared the winner and president-elect of Bougainville. Momis won 43,047 votes, or 52.35% of the total votes cast in the election. The incumbent, President James Tanis, earned an estimated 17,205 votes. Momis won the popular vote in both South Bougainville and Tanis' home region of Central Bougainville.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Election results
In his victory speech, Momis thanked Tanis for his service and pledged to continue successful programs by the Tanis government. Momis stated that his administration would focus on good governance, the disposal of ordnance and weapons, education and health. He also pledged "zero tolerance approach" to corruption, stated that less than 25% of incumbent members of the House of Representatives had been re-elected to office due to voter disgust with corruption and mismanagement in government.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, Election results
President James Tanis thanked Bougainvillean voters and pledged to support President-elect Momis during the transition of government.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, New government
Momis was sworn into office as President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville on June 10, 2010, at the Parliament house. Bougainville’s Chief Magistrate, Peter Toliken, administered the oath of office. Momis will hold a 5-year term.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, New government
On the day he was sworn in, President Momis appointed Patrick Nisira, the outgoing Works Minister in the Tanis administration and one of the few politicians to have retained his seat in the general election, as his Vice President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville. Nisira represents the Halia constituency.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, New government
The new government, with Momis' full cabinet, was to be sworn-in on Tuesday, June 15, 2010.


2010 Bougainvillean presidential election, New government
Analysts view Momis as more in favor of continued autonomy and continued integration with Papua New Guinea, while Momis' predecessor, James Tanis, supported full independence. During the presidential campaign, Tanis had stated, "There has been a growing opinion that the bottom line is independence. If this mine (Panguna) funded PNG independence in 1975, then it can fund Bougainville autonomy and independence."


2010 Bowling Green Falcons football team
The 2010 Bowling Green Falcons football team was the 92nd varsity football team to represent Bowling Green State University and the program's 58th season in the Mid-American Conference. The Falcons play in the MAC's east division and are led by second year head coach Dave Clawson. They played their home games at Doyt Perry Stadium. They finished the season 2–10, 1–7 in MAC play to finish in a three-way tie for fifth place in the East Division.


2010 Bowling Green Falcons football team, Preseason
In early July 2010, Falcon Sports Properties secured a three-year agreement with Toledo's ESPN Radio affiliate WLQR (1470 AM) to carry all Bowling Green Falcons football games, as well as a partial men's basketball schedule. As part of the agreement, WLQR will air daily shows as well as coaches' show for both teams. With the addition of WLQR, the Falcon Sports Network to seven stations across northwest Ohio.


2010 Bowling Green Falcons football team, Preseason
At the 2010 Mid-American Conference Media Day, Bowling Green was picked to finish fourth in the conference's East Division. The Falcons are expected to finish behind Temple, Ohio and Kent State


2010 Bowling Green Falcons football team, Preseason, Key losses
The following are some of the key players who will be no longer eligible to play in the 2010 season:


2010 Box Office Entertainment Awards
The 41st Guillermo Mendoza Memorial Scholarship Foundation Box Office Entertainment Awards (GMMSF-BOEA) is a part of the annual awards in the Philippines held on June 10, 2010. The award-giving body honors Filipino actors, actresses and other performers' commercial success, regardless of artistic merit, in the Philippine entertainment industry.


2010 Box Office Entertainment Awards, Winners selection
The winners are chosen from the Top 10 Philippine films of 2009, top-rating shows in Philippine television, top recording awards received by singers, and top gross receipts of concerts and performances.


2010 Box Office Entertainment Awards, Awards ceremony
On June 10, 2010 at Carlos P. Romulo Auditorium, RCBC Plaza, Ayala Avenue in Makati, Philippines, the 41st Box Office Entertainment Awards night was held.


2010 Box Office Entertainment Awards, Multiple awards, Companies with multiple awards
The following companies received two or more awards in the television category:


2010 Boys' Youth South American Volleyball Championship
The 2010 Boys' Youth South American Volleyball Championship was the 17th edition of the tournament, organised by South America's governing volleyball body, the Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) for Under-19 teams. It was held in Venezuela. The top national team other than Argentina qualified to the 2011 Youth World Championship, Argentina had already secured a berth as Host.


2010 Boys' Youth South American Volleyball Championship, Competition System
The competition system for the 2010 Boys' Youth South American Championship was a single Round-Robin system. Each team plays once against each of the 5 remaining teams. Points are accumulated during the whole tournament, and the final ranking is determined by the total points gained.


2010 Brabantse Pijl
The 2010 Brabantse Pijl was the 50th edition of the Brabantse Pijl cycle race and was held on 14 April 2010. The race started in Leuven and finished in Overijse. The race was won by Sébastien Rosseler.


2010 Bradford Bulls season
This article details the Bradford Bulls rugby league football club's 2010 season, the fifteenth season of the Super League era.


2010 Bradford Bulls season, Table
Source: . Classification: 1st on competition points; 2nd on match points difference. Competition points: for win = 2; for draw = 1; for loss = 0.


2010 Brands Hatch Formula Two round
The 2010 Brands Hatch Formula Two round was the sixth round of the 2010 FIA Formula Two Championship season. It will be held on July 17, 2010 and July 18, 2010 at Brands Hatch, Kent, England. This was the first race at Brands Hatch after the death of Henry Surtees the  previous year.


2010 Brands Hatch Superleague Formula round
The 2010 Brands Hatch Superleague Formula round was a Superleague Formula round, held on 1 August 2010 at the Brands Hatch circuit, Kent, England. It was Superleague Formula's first visit to the circuit and the second round of the 2010 season to be held in Britain, after the Silverstone round. It was the seventh round of the 2010 Superleague Formula season.


2010 Brands Hatch Superleague Formula round
Eighteen clubs took part including English clubs Liverpool F.C. and Tottenham Hotspur. The other British SF club, Rangers F.C., were not competing that year.


2010 Brands Hatch Superleague Formula round
Support races included the GT Cup, Formula Junior, and Lotus Cup Europe.


2010 Brands Hatch Superleague Formula round, Report, Race 2
The race was red-flagged with about nine minutes left to run due a very large crash involving Olympiacos' Chris van der Drift who was sent to hospital with a broken ankle, two broken ribs, a cracked shoulder blade, a dislocated shoulder and two broken fingers.


2010 Brands Hatch Superleague Formula round, Report, Race 2
He had run into the back of A.S. Roma's Julien Jousse just after Surtees' bend, they touched wheels which sent van der Drift's car into the air hitting the side barrier and bridge before spinning down Pilgrim's Drop, temporarily on fire, to a stop with the car seriously damaged and nearby racers narrowly avoiding the wreckage. Van der Drift remembered the accident and interviewed a few days later put it down to "a racing incident... I'm still alive, so that's good".


2010 Brantford municipal election
The 2010 Brantford municipal election was held on October 25, 2010, to elect a mayor, city councillors, and school trustees in the city of Brantford, Ontario.


2010 Brasil Open
The 2010 Brasil Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 10th edition of the event known as the Brasil Open, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2010 ATP World Tour. It took place in Costa do Sauípe, Brazil, from February 8 through February 14, 2010. First-seeded Juan Carlos Ferrero won the singles title.


2010 Brasil Open, ATP entrants, Other entrants
The following player received special exempt into the main draw:


2010 Brasil Open, Finals, Doubles
Pablo Cuevas /  Marcel Granollers defeated  Łukasz Kubot /  Oliver Marach, 7–5, 6–4


2010 Brasil Open – Doubles
Tommy Robredo and Marcel Granollers were the defending champions. Robredo chose to compete in the 2010 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament instead. Granollers partnered with Pablo Cuevas, and they won in the final 7–5, 6–4 against Łukasz Kubot and Oliver Marach.


2010 Brasil Open – Singles
Tommy Robredo was the defending champion, but he chose to compete in the 2010 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament instead. Juan Carlos Ferrero won in the final 6–1, 6–0 against Łukasz Kubot.


2010 Bratislava shooting
The 2010 Bratislava shooting, or Devínska Nová Ves shooting, occurred on 30 August 2010, when seven people were killed and at least 17 were injured by a lone gunman who opened fire in Devínska Nová Ves district in a suburb of the Slovak capital, Bratislava. The gunman then committed suicide. The shooting spree took place both inside a local panel building and later in the street outside.


2010 Bratislava shooting
This was the second-deadliest attack in the modern history of Slovakia. This was also the first time in Slovak history that a mass murderer went on a shooting spree. According to police chief Jaroslav Spišiak, Slovak police has to consult with other countries and find the best procedures for these cases, something that has not yet been done, as of February 2011. The shooting remains controversial not only because the killer's motive remains unknown, but also because of purposefully withholding information from the public by the authorities and what is generally perceived as a failed police action.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Background
Devínska Nová Ves is a rather isolated district on the outskirts of Bratislava, with some 23.000 inhabitants and another 10.000 people commuting to work here (mainly because of the Volkswagen factory, usually bypassing the district proper). At the time of the attack, there were mostly elderly people at home in the apartment building. On the streets, it wasn't as busy as during the morning rush, but there were still quite a few people waiting for the bus, and parents with small children out for a walk. The attack started in a panel building that houses a kindergarten on the ground floor, but since it was the summer holiday, it was empty. There are over 20 policemen serving in the district.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Background
There have been efforts to explain the attack by the tension created after the mass construction of apartment houses and a huge inflow of inhabitants during communism. While it is true that social cohesion is lower in similar environments (see for example Petržalka), no proof has ever been produced in this case.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Attack, Targeted killings
On 9:40 a.m., Ľubomír Harman started shooting on the third floor at Pavla Horova Street No. 1 inside apartment No. 8 in Devínska Nová Ves, Bratislava, wearing a pair of blue earmuffs and equipped with a Vz. 58 semi-automatic rifle, a CZ 85 Combat pistol, and a CZ 75 Compact pistol. He also had a leather bag hung over his shoulder, which contained many rounds of ammunition. Harman first entered a flat on the same floor as his, although it technically belonged to his neighbors.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Attack, Targeted killings
After killing all five members of the family owning the flat, Harman then headed towards the exit from the building where he shot and wounded 49-year-old Jozef Pútik, a man from the same family. He then went outside of the building and encountered 79-year-old Vincent Fratrič, who was waiting by the entrance for window-changing workers. The two talked for a while, as Pútik buzzed into his family's flat, only to see that his relatives were already dead. Five to seven minutes later, Pútik ran outside of the apartment, collapsing and grabbing Fratrič's waist, begging for help. Harman suddenly leaned his assault rifle against Fratrič's shoulder and shot Pútik once in the head at point-blank range, killing him.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Attack, Random shootings
Harman then ignored Fratrič, instead reloading his rifle and opening fire on other pedestrians on the street. He also hit several cars driving nearby. The first emergency phone call was made at 9:45 a.m. Harman then began walking, firing into windows and in the direction of the kindergarten school and local shopping center. He seemed to be shooting randomly as he continued injuring several people from a considerable distance. Throughout the entire attack, Harman was described as being seen repeatedly touching the barrel of his rifle, checking if it is not overheated; this is verifiable from amateur footage made by eyewitnesses.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Attack, Random shootings
Coincidentally, many former policemen, soldiers, and border-guards lived in the Devínska Nová Ves District. During the shooting, Harman noticed a man in a window and shot in his direction, hitting his hand. The wounded man, a former professional sniper, subsequently aimed at the perpetrator, but later decided not to intervene and was only watching the police action with binoculars. During the attack, 52-year-old Gabriela Košťálová was shot on a balcony and died in a matter of minutes.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Attack, Random shootings
At one time, Harman was shooting from the vicinity of a newsstand, with several people being unaware of what was actually going on. According to eyewitness, 19-year-old Dominik Kapišinský, a woman inside the stand even came out at one point to throw out the garbage while the shooting was in progress and returned to sit inside again. According to an unnamed female eyewitness cited by magazine Plus 7 Dní, "one man stepped outside of his car and walked towards the shooter asking him why he was shooting".


2010 Bratislava shooting, Attack, Police response and shootout
At 9:47 a.m., the first police car arrived two minutes after receiving information about the shooting, with a second police car arriving after another two minutes. One of the responding policemen, 35-year-old captain Karol Vrchovský, approached Harman at a distance of 60 meters, then took cover behind a panel space at the base of a panel building, where he was hit by what is presumed to be a deflected bullet that entered though his upper lip and exited near his right ear; the gunshot wasn't fatal. The policemen then decided to encircle the shooter and wait for a tactical unit to arrive.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Attack, Police response and shootout
With the arrival of the police, Harman shifted his focus on mainly targeting police officers. Czech media routinely reported that at this time, some local inhabitants were handing out their own bulletproof vests to the engaging police officers. At 10:10 a.m., a highly awaited specialized unit (colloquially called "kukláči" in Slovak) arrived at the site from Malacky twenty-five minutes since the incident was reported. In six minutes, they successfully cornered Harman and critically wounded him with numerous gunshots, and Harman then committed suicide by a single gunshot wound to the head.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Attack, Aftermath
Fifteen people were taken to five different hospitals in Bratislava, and two persons were being treated on the spot. Soon after the attack, the police sealed shut the whole district of Devínska Nová Ves, not letting anyone inside and checking every car leaving the district. According to eyewitnesses, after arriving at the exits, the police were just talking for a few minutes, letting people out of the district before starting the searches. Public transport was redirected around the district for an unspecified amount of time.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Perpetrator
The shooter was identified as 48-year-old Ľubomír Harman, who lived on the same floor of the same building as the targeted victims. For over 20 years he was living in this one-room flat, seldom or never visited by anyone. He legally owned six guns including the Vz. 58. He owned the rifle legally for sporting purposes.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Perpetrator
The Slovak police corps president said that Harman was in no relationship with his victims.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Perpetrator
Together, 16 bullets were fired at Harman by the police, with the sixteenth bullet wounding him fatally. The final shot came from a special ops member, while three other policemen tried to shoot Harman unsuccessfully before. According to autopsy results, Ľubomír Harman was fatally hit into the left side of the chest and afterwards he shot himself.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Perpetrator
Initial reports informed that the shooter was an intoxicated boy, approximately fifteen years old. Later that day, a single picture taken from one of the balconies above the street by a witness named Matej became available to the media. In this iconic picture, Harman is seen standing on the street, holding his rifle and looking up at the balconies.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Victims
The police found five bodies inside the flat, all of them members of the Putík family. (questionable) Although initial reports claimed that the family was of Roma ethnicity, it was later confirmed to be false; some of the partners of the female victims were Roma (with one of them being among those slain), while the family itself was white. The last victim, Ms. Košťálová, was later found by her relatives on the balcony of a different apartment; she was revealed to not be related to the other victims and was shot when she looked down from her balcony.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Victims
Five years prior to the shooting, Slovak television station Markíza made a report about the family of the victims. The report was instigated by the neighbors of the family. According to the report, all other inhabitants of the block of flats signed a letter inviting the reporters. At the time the report was made, only two of the victims were living in the flat, while the others moved in later. In the report, the reporter starts by saying that "in a block of flats, where tens of families live near each other, one bad neighbour may be a real catastrophe".


2010 Bratislava shooting, Victims
He continues by claiming that the inhabitants had even faced death threats from said family, and therefore nobody was willing to talk directly to the camera. Later, it was revealed that the family had not paid rent and therefore is facing eviction; however, due to the laws in Slovakia, which favour tenants, the process may take very long. The family denied all allegations. Also according to the report, the police were called a number of times to solve the situation, but no progress was made.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Victims
Of the fifteen people taken to the hospitals, eight required longer hospitalization, with three people in a serious condition. According to the spokeswoman for Bratislava's University Hospital, Rút Geržová, "two, including a 33-year-old Czech man, [are] in a very serious condition." The aforementioned 33-year-old Czech had to be put into a coma; also in critical condition was 19-year-old Andrej, who was shot into the chest and collar bone. He had to be resuscitated twice and the doctors had to take part of his lung. 35-year-old police officer Karol Vrchovský suffered a minor face injury.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Victims
70-year-old Nadežda was shot into her leg on the street when returning home from buying groceries; she had been waiting for paramedics in the local pharmacy. A woman named Veronika was shot into her right shoulder and forearm. A three-year-old child suffered a minor ear injury when hit inside a car passing by the crime scene (after the attack the child's father was unsure if it was a hit or just a cut from broken glass). 79-year-old Vincent Fratrič had to be hospitalized because of temporarily going deaf from having a rifle fired by his ear. Among the injured is also the son of a known Slovak scientist, Igor Kapišinský; 19-year-old Dominik Kapišinský was hit by four bullets into the stomach while standing on his balcony on 11th floor of a nearby building.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Controversy, Information withholding
No information about the attack was made public by the authorities until a press briefing by Interior Minister Daniel Lipšic at 14:39 p.m., despite numerous demands by journalists. This, coupled with the fact that the shooting occurred in a densely populated area with dozens of eyewitnesses with mobile phones, digital cameras and internet connections, created a situation where news media based their reports on accounts from Facebook and word-of-mouth. Many of this information later turned out to be false, yet nevertheless added to the panic.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Controversy, Information withholding
When minister Lipšic (the first official to do so) addressed the public over the four hours after Harman's death, he started talking about a need for buying new guns for the Slovak police before even telling the public what actually happened and whether it was safe to come outside their homes. In fact, before telling the public what happened, he attacked his predecessor, the previous Interior Minister, talked about the unsuitability of current crime statistics without knowing that the attack was random and managed to praise the police action without any analysis of the police response. Besides a brief message instructing people to stay inside their flats played over a few small loudspeakers on the streets (which are common in Slovakia), citizens were given no information about the shooting until over four hours after the attack ended.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Controversy, Information withholding
Actually, after the shooting, no one ever gave the public the information that it is safe again to resume their lives. While Slovak police chief Jaroslav Spišiak and minister Lipšic maintain that the response was well executed and that two minutes after receiving first call the police were already engaging Harman, most of the witnesses agree that the police actions were slow, chaotic and poorly organised.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Controversy, Information withholding
According to an article published on 2 September 2010, in major Slovak weekly Plus 7 Dní, there was chaos and uncertainty among the citizens at the crime scene. According to journalists Lenka Ďurajková and Lukáš Milan, even in the afternoon, the policemen were outwardly lying to people asking about the safety situation. "Didn't you hear the message over the public radio?!" one policeman is quoted as answering to a question if it safe to go outside. Another policemen is quoted as saying "Do you want to risk it?" when asked by a woman if it is safe to go out with her dog, even when the attacker was several hours dead and the attack long ended.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Controversy, Discrepancies in the official version of events
Contrary to official version of the events, according to witness Vincent Fratrič, it took approximately ten minutes after Jozef Pútik's death for the first police car to show up.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Controversy, Discrepancies in the official version of events
According to an interview with victim Dominik Kapišinský, the police action against Harman was poorly executed and the police did not have the situation under control. At the time he was shot there were already two policemen at the scene, but instead of shooting at the attacker and distracting him, they merely shouted at him.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Investigation
Investigation of the shootings concluded on 13 July 2011. Six months after the incident, Slovak police were still not able to determine the number of bullets fired by Ľubomír Harman and the number of those fired by the police.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Investigation
Because of widespread speculation that some of the victims of the massacre could have been shot by police officers during the chaos of the poorly organised encounter, partial results of the investigation by the expert forensic office of the Slovak police force (Slovak: Kriminalistický a expertízny ústav Policajného zboru Slovenskej republiky) were made public in February 2011, claiming that the only person ever to be hit by the police was the shooter.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Investigation
The final results of the investigation were initially released to the TV station Markíza. Its reporters claimed that Ľubomír Harman fired 140 bullets (24 inside the apartment and 116 in the street). The police fired altogether fifteen bullets, one of them hitting the attacker. They also claim that the investigator heard dozens of testimonies and the prosecution was stopped because the accused is dead.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Aftermath, Immediate reaction
Interior Minister Daniel Lipšic and the national police chief Jaroslav Spišiak arrived at the site. President Ivan Gašparovič, Mayor of Bratislava Andrej Ďurkovský, and Prime Minister Iveta Radičová all expressed their condolences. The Slovak government, at a special session on 31 August, declared a national day of mourning on 2 September 2010, to commemorate the victims of the shooting rampage.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Aftermath, Immediate reaction
Relatives of the perpetrator faced death threats from relatives of the victims after the act. After consulting police, the perpetrator's mother, father, brother, and sister, together with their families, presumably fled to Hungary to seek refuge from relatives living there. Slovak police officials were unwilling to comment on the issue. According to police spokeswoman Petra Hrášková, "information that Harman's family is hiding abroad at the advice of the police cannot be confirmed or denied".


2010 Bratislava shooting, Aftermath, Immediate reaction
On 2 September 2010, the authorities had the apartment disinfected and all of the belongings inside hauled to be burned. This caused strong disagreement on the part of the relatives of some of the victims, who claimed that the apartment contained some valuables. According to footage made by TV Markíza, more police had to be summoned to the crime scene to handle the situation. Authorities claimed that one of the attacker's bullets punctured a water pipe in the apartment. This caused flooding and destroyed much of the stuff inside. They went on to claim that the situation had to be dealt with because the crime scene posed a public health hazard.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Aftermath, Long-term response
The following day, Interior Minister Daniel Lipšic announced that the Slovak police are ready to implement changes which should prevent similar attacks in the future, mainly the arming of police officers with Škorpion vz. 61 submachine guns. The plan was immediately criticized by police and military experts and journalists alike, due to the fact that this gun has only limited effectiveness at larger distances and wouldn't have changed anything in the case of this massacre. Later, without much publicity, the Slovak police was issued Vz. 58 assault rifles, the fully automatic version of the shooter's sporting rifle.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Aftermath, Long-term response
Following instances of losing their new rifles by policemen, the measure came under criticism in February 2011, when a policeman in Bratislava forgot his assault crifle on the roof of his vehicle and drove off (it later slipped off at a public transport stop) and a policewoman in Žilina forgot her Vz. 58 at a gas station after a Sunday coffee. Moreover, the parliamentary opposition attacked the arming of police, saying that arming even the traffic police with submachine guns invokes "feeling of civil war" and "scares the tourists".


2010 Bratislava shooting, Aftermath, Long-term response
The ownership of automatic weapons by civilians is prohibited under any circumstances, including competitive shooting. The ownership of firearms should be possible only with adequate psychological examinations and that these will have to be retaken every five years. This was actually proposed also in the past but it was never passed into law because of the powerful hunting lobby in Slovakia.


2010 Bratislava shooting, Aftermath, Long-term response
On 12 October 2010, a memorial medal was awarded to Peter Novosedlík by the Ministry of Interior. Novosedlík, an ex-police officer, risked his own life when he helped get the wounded policeman into an ambulance. He happened to be working about 100 meters away from the location of the massacre.


2010 Bratislava shooting, In fiction
On 17 February 2011, the movie "Devínsky masaker" (Devínska Nová Ves massacre), which was about the 2010 Bratislava shootings, premiered in Slovakia. The 60-minute movie is a combination of documentary and drama, merging documentary-style opinions of witnesses and surviving family members with quick-paced action. Notably, the family of the shooter refused any cooperation with the filmmakers. "Devínsky masaker" received generally negative reviews; for example, a week after the premiere, the Czech and Slovak Film Database reported an aggregate score of 28%.


2010 Bratislava shooting, In fiction
Major Slovak weekly Plus 7 Dní concluded its review by writing, "Trailers for this movie, where producers let Harman's friend strongly attack the dead victims and about the murdered half-Roma boy Jožko, they manage only to inform us that at the age of 12 he did not yet smoke, do not necessarily attract people into cinemas. But they are guaranteed to stir the passions." The movie's title is technically incorrect, since the massacre took place in the district of Devínska Nová Ves not the district of Devín. Correctly, it would be "Devínskonovoveský masaker".


2010 Brazil Open Series
The 2010 Brazil Open Series was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Curitiba, Brazil between 19 and 25 April 2010.


2010 Brazil Open Series, ATP entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


2010 Brazil Open Series, ATP entrants, Other entrants
The following players received special exempt into the singles main draw:


2010 Brazil Open Series, Champions, Doubles
Dominik Meffert /  Leonardo Tavares def. Ramón Delgado /  André Sá, 3–6, 6–2, [10–2]


2010 Brazil Open Series – Doubles
Marcelo Demoliner and Rodrigo Guidolin were the defending champions, but Demoliner chose not to participate in doubles. Guidolin partnered up with Fernando Romboli, but they lost in the quarterfinals against Dominik Meffert and Leonardo Tavares. Dominik Meffert and Leonardo Tavares won in the final 3–6, 6–2, [10–2] against Ramón Delgado and André Sá.


2010 Brazil Open Series – Singles
Ricardo Mello was the defending champion and he reached the final, but he lost to Dominik Meffert 4–6, 7–6(3), 2–6.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix
The 2010 Brazilian Grand Prix (officially the Formula 1 Grande Prêmio Petrobras do Brasil 2010) was a Formula One motor race held at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace in the city of São Paulo on 7 November 2010. It was the 18th round of the 2010 Formula One World Championship and the 38th Brazilian Grand Prix to be held as part of the series. Red Bull driver Sebastian Vettel won the 71-lap race starting from second. His teammate Mark Webber finished second and Ferrari's Fernando Alonso third.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix
Nico Hülkenberg for the Williams team took the only pole position of his career by recording the fastest lap in qualifying. Vettel and Webber overtook Hülkenberg for the first two positions at the start of the race. Vettel was able to maintain the lead until his first pit stop to switch tyres and Webber led for two laps until he made his own pit stop. Vettel thereafter was able to maintain first position through negotiation of slower traffic for the rest of the race to take his fourth victory of the season and the ninth of his career. Webber was 4.2 seconds behind in second as Alonso drew closer to him in the final ten laps, albeit not close enough to pass and finished third.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix
The race result reduced Alonso's lead in the World Drivers' Championship to eight points over Webber. Vettel's victory moved him from fourth to third, past Lewis Hamilton of McLaren. Jenson Button, the 2009 World Champion, was mathematically eliminated from retaining the championship after finishing fifth. This left Vettel, Alonso, Webber and Hamilton in contention of winning the World Drivers' Championship at the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix. By their drivers finishing first and second, Red Bull won its first World Constructors' Championship since the team purchased Jaguar prior to 2005 as McLaren could not overtake its points total with one race remaining in the season.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
The round was the 18th of the 19 races in the 2010 Formula One World Championship, and the 38th Brazilian Grand Prix held as part of the series. It was held at the 15-turn 4.309 km (2.677 mi) anti-clockwise Autódromo José Carlos Pace in São Paulo on 7 November. Tyre supplier Bridgestone provided the super soft green-banded and medium dry compounds and the intermediate and full-wet green-line central groove banded wet-weather compounds tyres to the race.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
For the 2010 race, the organisers installed a 225 m (738 ft) long moveable steel and foam barrier to the outside of the Subida dos Boxes corner to absorb car impacts and drag it along as opposed to deflecting it back onto the track. 2 m (6.6 ft)-wide of artificial turf replaced the grass at Descida do Lago corner, at the exit to the Curva do Laranjinha corner and turn eight. New kerbs on the exit to Curva do Laranjinha, the Mergulho and Junção corners were fitted. The white lines denoting the boundaries of the track were coated with an anti-skid paint to improve adhesion in wet-weather.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
Before the race, Ferrari driver Fernando Alonso led the World Drivers' Championship with 231 points, ahead of Red Bull's Mark Webber in second with 220 points and Lewis Hamilton of McLaren in third with 210 points. Webber's teammate Sebastian Vettel was fourth with 206 points and McLaren's Jenson Button was fifth with 189 points. A total of 50 points were available for the final two races, which meant Alonso could claim the title in Brazil if he won the race and Webber finished fifth or lower.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
Red Bull led the World Constructors' Championship with 426 points; McLaren and Ferrari were second and third with a respective 399 and 374 points. Mercedes on 188 points and Renault with 143 points battled for fourth place. Red Bull had to score 16 points more than McLaren to win the Constructors' Championship in Brazil.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
At the previous race in Korea Alonso won ahead of Hamilton and Alonso's team-mate Massa. Of his championship rivals, Webber retired after he spun and hit Rosberg, Vettel's engine failed with ten laps to go and Button scored no points in 12th place. Ferrari team principal Stefano Domenicali said the team would be circumspect for the season's final two events due to what happened that year. Alonso, the pre-race favourite, for his part said he would not alter his approach in Brazil and anticipated Red Bull would be strong there.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
His teammate Felipe Massa said he expected to win the race and confirmed he would help Alonso's World Drivers' Championship chances. Hamilton said he would be satisfied if his teammate Button assisted his title ambitions, an act which McLaren team principal Martin Whitmarsh affirmed would not occur. Both drivers acknowledged the championship duel would be a difficult one.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
Some Formula One pundits suggested the Red Bull team would adopt a strategy in which Vettel would help Webber's title bid. Webber courted controversy when he suggested Red Bull would support his teammate Vettel over him: "It's obvious isn't it? Of course when young, new chargers come onto the block, that's where the emotion is. That's the way it is." His team principal Christian Horner believed Webber's words were taken out of context and that the driver was supported by the team and its owner Dietrich Mateschitz in the championship battle. Vettel remarked: "If Mark needs help then he should take the medical car", and said he received no preferential treatment at Red Bull due to a car that was capable of winning races.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
The Grand Prix was entered by 12 teams (each represented by a constructor) and 24 drivers participated, with one pre-race driver change. The day before the first practice session, Hispania Racing for unexplained reasons announced Christian Klien would drive in lieu of Sakon Yamamoto whom Klien had also deputised for at the Singapore Grand Prix two months prior. Force India cancelled a first practice session outing for third driver Paul di Resta because the team wanted to provide Adrian Sutil and Vitantonio Liuzzi with additional track acclimatisation in the battle for sixth place in the World Constructors' Championship with Williams.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
Some teams made changes to their cars for the race. Ferrari and Williams modified their brake ducts as teams aimed to optimise aerodynamic efficiency in the season's final races. Ferrari's alterations added a small fin to the front brake ducts to extract additional downforce. Williams' design was designed to recover as much downforce as possible with the installation of fins on the rear brake ducts and to receive air extracted from the FW32's exhausts. The team also installed a new engine in Rubens Barrichello's car.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Practice
Per the regulations for the 2010 season, three practice sessions were held, two 90-minute sessions on Friday morning and afternoon and another 60-minute session on Saturday morning. In the first practice session, Vettel was fastest with a lap of 1 minute, 12.328 seconds, followed by his teammate Webber, the McLaren pair of Hamilton and Button, who tested aerodynamic adjustments to their MP4-25 cars, Renault's Robert Kubica, Mercedes' Nico Rosberg, Barrichello, Michael Schumacher for Mercedes, Sutil and Nick Heidfeld of Sauber.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Practice
During the session Vitaly Petrov lost control of his Renault cresting a hill to the Ferradura turn and damaged its front-right corner in a collision with the outside tyre wall. Not long after Kamui Kobayashi spun at the same corner and loosened his Sauber's right-rear tyre from its rim against a barrier. Alonso's high-mileage engine failed two laps earlier than anticipated and Ferrari changed engines.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Practice
Vettel duplicated his first practice result in the second session with the day's fastest lap, a 1-minute, 11.938 seconds. His teammate Webber was 0.104 seconds slower in second. The Ferrari duo of Alonso and Massa were third and fifth; Hamilton separated the two. Kubica, Button, Heidfeld and the Mercedes pair of Rosberg and Schumacher followed in the top ten. Massa's session ended after one hour with a disengaged clutch caused by an electrical fault from running wide and mounting a kerb at the Senna S chicane.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Practice
He stopped at the side of the circuit on the Reta Oposta straight between the Senna S chicane and the Descica do Lago corner. Schumacher attempted to pass Jaime Alguersuari's Toro Rosso car on the inside into the Senna S chicane and the two made contact at its apex. Schumacher appeared to suddenly brake test Alguersuari. Soon after Kobayashi avoided contact with the pit lane wall after veering out of the slipstream of Heikki Kovalainen's slower Lotus braking for the Senna S chicane.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Practice
Rain briefly fell in São Paulo on the night of 5 November and returned the next morning. Weather forecasts suggested more rain would fall, albeit not to the same intensity than in qualifying in Japan and Korea. This created a damp track, prompting drivers to use wet-weather tyres. Several drivers tested their cars to see how they would behave in qualifying with five minutes to go. Kubica used the intermediate tyres to lap fastest at 1 minute, 19.191 seconds, three-tenths of a second faster than Vettel in second. Hamilton, Massa, Alonso, Petrov, Toro Rosso driver Sébastien Buemi, Rosberg, Button and Barrichello made up positions three to ten. During the session Button lacked front-end grip and his teammate Hamilton made two errors.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying
Saturday afternoon's qualifying session was split into three parts. The first session ran for 20 minutes, eliminating cars that finished 18th or lower. The second session lasted 15 minutes, eliminating cars that finished 11th to 17th. The final session ran for ten minutes and determined pole position to tenth. Cars in the final session were not allowed to change tyres, using the tyres with which they set their quickest lap times. The first two sessions and the first minutes of the final session were run on a damp circuit, and as such, drivers used intermediate compound tyres. After lap times were 108 per cent slower than in dry weather, every driver changed to dry weather tyres with five minutes to go when a dry line emerged and increased grip.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying
Williams driver Nico Hülkenberg ran more front wing angle than Barrichello, and used super soft tyres earlier than the fastest teams. His final lap of 1 minute, 14.470 seconds earned him the first pole position of his career and the Williams team's first since the 2005 European Grand Prix. He was joined on the grid's front row by Vettel and Webber took third after traffic slowed both drivers. Hamilton qualified fourth because he could not extract temperature in his tyres and another vehicle slightly delayed him at Arquibancas corner.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying
Alonso was fastest in the first session; he fell to fifth in the final session from losing time going onto a damp area and losing tyre temperature. Barrichello, sixth, lost 17 seconds on his first lap out of the pit lane with Hamilton ahead of him and going wide. Going wide at Junçao corner on dry tyres, and a car with a low downforce setup put Kubica seventh. Schumacher in eighth ran onto a damp patch towards the end of the third session to allow the Red Bull cars past and lost tyre temperature. A lack of grip left Massa ninth. Petrov, tenth, made the final session for the first time since the Hungarian Grand Prix three months prior and was the highest-placed rookie driver.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying
Button was the fastest driver not to progress to the final session after Massa demoted him to 11h in the closing seconds of the second session; a lack of grip on a set of damaged intermediate tyres and brake and tyre temperature slowed him. Tyre wear left Kobayashi 12th. Rosberg set the 13th-fastest lap and was slower than his teammate Schumacher for the fourth time in 2010, attributing the result to Buemi slowing his fastest lap. Alguersuari was the faster Toro Rosso driver in 14th, qualifying ahead of his teammate Buemi in 15th for the fourth race in a row.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying
Heidfeld was 16th-quickest, feeling he changed tyres too early. Liuzzi in 17th lost control of his car and spun into the path of Sutil and Kobayashi. Sutil failed to advance beyond the first session with a lack of grip on his final timed lap that left him in 18th. Timo Glock of the Virgin team in 19th found switching to a second set of intermediate tyres slowed him. Kovalainen and his Lotus teammate Jarno Trulli were 20th and 21st after traffic prevented the duo from improving their laps.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying
Lucas di Grassi for Virgin in 22nd was seven-tenths of a second slower than Glock. The Hispania cars of Klien and Bruno Senna occupied the grid's final row: Klien lost time on his final timed lap due to rain, and Senna was seven-tenths of a second slower since he completed a single lap on the damp track and spun towards the end of the first session.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Post-qualifying
After the session, Buemi and Sutil each took a five-place grid penalty because the stewards deemed them to have caused separate collisions with Glock and Kobayashi at the preceding Korean Grand Prix. Both drivers were required to start from 20th and 22nd, respectively. This moved Heidfeld to 15th, Liuzzi 16th, Glock 17th, Trulli 18th, Kovalainen 20th and di Grassi 21st. Rosberg reported Buemi impeding him in the second session to the stewards, who rejected the complaint after scrutiny.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Qualifying classification
The fastest lap in each of the three sessions is denoted in bold.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
The 71-lap race took place in the afternoon from 14:00 Brasilia Time (UTC−02:00). The weather at the start was dry and clear, with the air temperature between 24 to 25 °C (75 to 77 °F) and the track temperature from 47 to 51 °C (117 to 124 °F); conditions were expected to remain consistent throughout the race, and no rain was forecast. Klien stopped his car at the exit to the pit lane and failed to start due to fluctuating fuel pressure. Trackside equipment moved his car to the pit lane, where the Hispania Racing mechanics repaired it.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
When the race commenced, Hülkenberg spun his tyres, allowing Vettel to pass him on the inside for the lead into the Senna S chicane. Webber held off Hamilton on the outside for third place. At the exit to the Descica do Lago corner Webber lined up a pass on Hülkenberg on the Reta Oposta straight. An oversteer stopped Hülkenberg from accelerating early and his braking early let Webber into second place. Hamilton, in an unbalanced car, was able to fend off Alonso on the inside at the exit of Descica do Lago turn for fifth and continued to do so for the rest of the lap.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
Behind the first four drivers, Schumacher fell to tenth due to a driver error putting him onto the grass. Kubica moved from seventh to sixth and Button advanced from eleventh to ninth. Petrov made a slow start, mounting a kerb at the exit of the Senna S Chicane to avoid colliding with Alguersuari and fell to 22nd. Towards the end of lap one, Hamilton was slow out of Junção turn, allowing Alonso to challenge him on the main straight, but Hamilton retained fourth place at the Senna S chicane. Alonso tried again and took fourth from Hamilton after Descica do Lago turn. Alonso immediately began to gain on Hülkenberg. On lap three, Schumacher passed Button before the Senna S chicane for ninth place. Alonso closed up to Hülkenberg and began to pressure him for third position.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
At the start of lap four, Alonso steered right to attempt to overtake Hülkenberg; the latter blocked Alonso into the Senna S chicane; Hülkenberg ran with his rear wing at a high angle, making him vulnerable to a pass and it required him to steer left and brake later than Alonso. On lap five, Alonso again failed to pass Hülkenberg on the outside into the Senna S chicane. This allowed Hamilton to close up to Alonso, albeit not close enough to pass him. On the seventh lap, Alonso slipstreamed Hülkenberg, who ran wide at the entry to the Descica do Lago turn and Alonso passed him on the inside cresting a hill towards Ferradura corner for third position. The time Alonso lost behind Hülkenberg was ten seconds, dropping him 11 seconds behind Vettel.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
On lap eight, Hamilton made an unsuccessful overtake on the outside of Hülkenberg for fourth into the Senna S chicane. This was due to a lack of tyre grip, and he sought to conserve his tyres since he did not want to overheat them in the aerodynamic turbulence created by the airflow over the rear of Hülkenberg's car. In his first lap out of aerodynamic turbulence, Alonso was unable to close up to the Red Bull cars; Vettel opted to avoid tyre strain and losing grip in case of a safety car deployment. Hülkenberg blocked Hamilton from passing him on the inside at the start of the 11th lap, notwithstanding Hamilton's more powerful engine. They drew alongside going into Descica do Lago turn as Hülkenberg maintained fourth.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
At the conclusion of the same lap, Button, separated by slower cars, made the race's first pit stop to switch onto the medium compound tyres, emerging in 18th position. Button's faster pace meant he was followed in due course by: Massa, Barrichello, Hülkenberg, Kubica, Heidfeld, Alguersuari, Liuzzi and Buemi over the next seven laps. Massa and Barrichello each had wheel nut installation problems, requiring them to make a second pit stop. Both drivers rejoined behind Button. Hamilton made his first stop for the medium compound tyres on lap 21. He emerged in sixth position, narrowly ahead of his teammate Button.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
At the front of the field, Alonso entered the pit lane to switch to the medium compound tyres on the 25th lap, continuing in third position. Vettel followed suit on the end of the lap, and relinquished the lead to his teammate Webber on laps 25 and 26 until the latter's own stop on lap 26. After the pit stops, the gap to Vettel and his teammate Webber was less than three seconds. Alonso was a further 10 seconds behind in third place, and 10 in front of Hamilton in fourth.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
On lap 30, Button overtook the yet-to-pit Kobayashi on the inside into the Senna S chicane for fifth position. Barrichello attempted to pass Alguersuari for 13th on the outside at the same corner five laps later and the two made contact. Barrichello sustained a front-left puncture and slowed en route to the pit lane for super soft tyres. He rejoined the race one lap behind Vettel. Four laps later, Rosberg overtook Kobayashi on the inside into the Senna S chicane for sixth place.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
At the front, the Red Bull duo of Vettel and Webber appeared they would remain in first and second. Red Bull radioed Webber to lower the performance of his overheating engine from having less water temperature. Nevertheless, slower traffic allowed him to close up to Vettel to 1.5 seconds. In the meantime, di Grassi entered the Virgin team's garage on the 44th lap to rectify a worsening rear suspension fault. He rejoined the race four laps later.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
Lap 51 saw the sole safety car deployment. Liuzzi lost control of his car on a kerb to the outside of the second Senna S chicane due to a suspected front suspension failure. He crashed into a barrier to the track's inside at the bottom of a hill before the exit of the turn. Liuzzi was unhurt; a suspension rocker penetrated his car's left-front monocoque and touched his foot. His car was deemed to be in a dangerous position and a recovery tractor moved it. Under the safety car, several drivers made pit stops to replace worn tyres.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
McLaren called Hamilton and Button into the pit lane for a second pit stop to switch to a new set of tyres in an attempt to move up the field. Both drivers lost no positions. Mercedes asked Rosberg to make a pit stop to challenge Button at the rolling restart; a miscommunication between Rosberg's race engineer Jock Clear and the Mercedes mechanics over which type of tyre to use meant they readied the mediums instead of the super softs Clear had requested. Ultimately, Rosberg's mechanics fitted an old set of tyres; he completed an additional lap before they installed the super soft tyre compound on his car.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
Racing resumed at the conclusion of the 55th lap when the safety car was withdrawn when Liuzzi's car was removed from the track. Vettel led as lapped drivers separated him, Webber and Alonso in second and third. The first three lapped faster than they had done before the safety car and prevented Hamilton and Button from gaining further positions. Alonso managed the wear on his tyres to allow for a challenge to Webber, who was distanced by his teammate Vettel with a sequence of faster lap times. On lap 65, Kobayashi passed Alguerusari for tenth place. Not long after the stewards informed the Sauber team that Heidfeld was deemed to have ignored blue flags instructing him to allow faster cars past and imposed a drive-through penalty. He took the penalty on the 66th lap and lost 14 seconds.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
Alonso closed to within six seconds of race leader Vettel, as Red Bull did not invoke team orders to instruct Vettel to hand the victory to Webber and improve his teammate's position in the World Drivers' Championship. Vettel finished first in a time of 1 hour, 33 minutes, 11.803 seconds for his fourth victory of the season and the ninth of his career.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race
The win, along with Webber's second-place finish won Red Bull the 2010 World Constructors' Championship since no other team could pass its points total with one race of the season left for the team's first since its Formula One debut in 2005. Alonso took third with the McLaren pair of Hamilton and Button fourth and fifth, almost one second separating the two drivers. Schumacher allowed Rosberg past after the safety car was withdrawn as his teammate had a new set of tyres and was better able to challenge Button; the two ended the race in sixth and seventh. Hülkenberg, Kubica and Kobayashi rounded out the top ten. Alguersuari, Sutil, Buemi, Barrichello, Massa, Petrov, Heidfeld, Kovalainen, Trulli, Glock, Senna and Klien (who registered his first finish since the 2006 German Grand Prix) were the final classified finishers.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
The top three drivers appeared on the podium to collect their trophies and spoke to the media in a later press conference. Vettel said it was important for him to pull away from Hülkenberg after he passed him: "The car felt fantastic. All throughout the race I was able to hold the gaps as I planned, so I could control the race from there. With the safety car in the end it was the right choice not to try to pull away too much, to have some tyres left."


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
Webber agreed the start was the most important aspect of the race and said of the importance: "Most of the races are decided as we know pretty much on the Saturday or the first lap. You can follow each other around but eventually... in the old days you could play with the strategy a little bit, change the fuel loads and have a look at going long or a bit shorter."


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
Alonso believed he attempted to perform to the best of his ability and a higher starting position would have allowed him to pass a Red Bull car at the start: "We are very close in race pace, maybe one or two-tenths quicker some laps, one or two-tenths slower some of the laps, so when you lose 12 seconds probably it is over."


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
Afterwards, the Red Bull team celebrated their first World Constructors' Championship. Christian Horner commented on how Red Bull was regarded as "a party team" after they purchased Jaguar in 2005: "In six years, this team has come from a team that no-one took seriously – that everyone thought was a party team – to the 2010 F1 constructors' champions.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
We have finished ahead of teams with far more experience and heritage than ourselves – we took them on and we won, thanks to the tremendous dedication of every single team member, the incredible support from Red Bull and the vision and unfaltering commitment from Mr. Mateschitz." Adrian Newey, the team's technical director, thanked aerodynamicist Peter Prodromou and designer Rob Marshall for their work to the RB6 in Milton Keynes.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
Vettel stated Red Bull's Constructors' Championship win was special to him because he had visited the team's factory in Milton Keynes in 2005 and was intrigued by the experience: "Looking up to Formula One and now to be part of the team and part of the driver line-up to give them their first championship is incredible".


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
Hülkenberg said he was happy to finish the race in eighth position and promoted Williams to sixth in the Constructors' Championship. After he finished fifth, Button was mathematically prevented from retaining the World Drivers' Championship. He said he would enter the final race of the season in Abu Dhabi with no concerns and that he would use his experience from the season to improve for 2011.


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
His teammate Hamilton commented on his prospects of title success in the season-finale: "In Abu Dhabi I'll be doing everything I can to pull off the win I need, and hoping the other guys hit problems. As always, we won't give up and we'll keep on pushing. We've seen many times before that almost anything can happen in the last race of the season. It'll take a miracle, but miracles can happen."


2010 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Post-race
The race result meant Webber lowered Alonso's lead in the World Drivers' Championship to eight points. Vettel's victory elevated him ahead of Hamilton to third place as Button maintained fifth place. In the World Constructors' Championship, Red Bull finished first with 469 points. McLaren were second with 421 points and Ferrari were another 32 points behind in third position. Mercedes secured fourth place from Renault with one race left in the season.


2010 Brazilian general election
The first round of the Brazilian general election of 2010 was held on Sunday, October 3, 2010. The Presidency of the Republic, all 513 Chamber of Deputies seats and 54 out of 81 Federal Senate seats were contested in this election, along with governorships and Legislative Assemblies of all 26 states and the Federal District. On October 31, a run-off was held for president and eight state governorships that did not reach 50% plus one of the valid votes cast in the first round.


2010 Brazilian general election, President
On October 3, 2010, Brazilian citizens eligible to vote were required by law to choose a successor to President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, of the Workers' Party, as President Lula's second, four-year term in office was coming to an end and he was constitutionally prohibited from running for a third, consecutive term. 2010 marked the first time since the first election after the redemocratization in which he did not run for president.


2010 Brazilian general election, President
As no candidate received absolute majority of the valid cast votes in the first round, a second round, run-off was required to be held on October 31, at which time Lula's designated successor, Workers' Party candidate Dilma Rousseff, defeated the candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party, José Serra, 56% to 44%. Rousseff therefore became Brazil's first female president.


2010 Brazilian general election, Governors
All 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District governors were up for election. If none of the candidates received a majority of valid votes in the first round, a run-off was held on October 31, 2010. According to the Constitution, governors are elected directly to a four-year term, with a limit of two terms.


2010 Brazilian general election, Governors
Aécio Neves (Minas Gerais), Alcides Rodrigues (Goiás), Blairo Maggi (Mato Grosso), Eduardo Braga (Amazonas), Ivo Cassol (Rondônia), Luiz Henrique da Silveira (Santa Catarina), Marcelo Miranda (Tocantins), Paulo Hartung (Espírito Santo), Roberto Requião (Paraná), Waldez Góes (Amapá), Wilma de Faria (Rio Grande do Norte) and Wellington Dias (Piauí) were all elected in 2002 and re-elected in 2006 and thus were not allowed to run again.


2010 Brazilian general election, Governors
After his involvement in an ongoing corruption scandal in late 2009, Federal District Governor José Roberto Arruda left the Democrats party (and was later arrested), also becoming ineligible since it is required for citizens seeking to run for any public office in the country to be a registered party member for at least a year before the predicted election date.


2010 Brazilian general election, National Congress
Fifty-four of the 81 seats in the Federal Senate, the upper house, were up for election. According to the Constitution, senators are elected directly to an eight-year term, and there is no limit on the number of terms. Alternately, one third and two thirds of the seats are up for election every four years. In 2006, one third of the seats were up for election and thus in 2010 there were two thirds, corresponding to two senators for each one of the 26 Brazilian states, plus two senators for the Federal District.


2010 Brazilian general election, National Congress
All 513 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house, were up for election. According to the Constitution, federal deputies are elected directly to a four-year term, and there is no limit on the number of terms.


2010 Brazilian general election, National Congress
As a result of the parliamentary election, the Lulista coalition took control of the majority of seats in both houses.


2010 Brazilian general election, State Assemblies
All seats in the State Assemblies will be up for election. According to the Constitution, State Assemblies are unicameral, and its members, who are designated as state deputies, are elected directly to a four-year term, with no limit on the number of terms.


2010 Brazilian general election, Controversy
A Brazilian court banned all political spoofs in the runup to the elections. This was condemnation where protestors sought to have a petition signed to undo the ban. On September 2, 2010, the Supreme Federal Court overturned the decision.


2010 Brazilian gubernatorial elections
The Brazilian gubernatorial elections, 2010 will be held on Sunday, October 3, as part of the country's general election. In these elections, all 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District governorships will be up for election. If none of the candidates receives more than a half of the valid votes, a run-off will be held on October 24, 2010. According to the Federal Constitution, Governors are elected directly to a four-year term, with a limit of two terms. Eleven governors are prohibited from seeking re-election.


2010 Brazilian gubernatorial elections
Currently, ten of the total seats are held by the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), followed by five held by the Workers' Party (PT) and the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) each. The Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB) holds three seats, and the Progressive Party (PP) holds two. The Democratic Labour Party (PDT) and the Republic Party (PR) holds one seat each. Some Governors are not the same from the outcome of the previous election, since some of them had their terms repealed by the Superior Electoral Court.


2010 Brazilian gubernatorial elections
These elections will coincide with the presidential election, as well as the elections for Legislative Assemblies and both houses of the National Congress. These will be the 8th direct gubernatorial elections, and the sixth since the end of the military dictatorship.


2010 Brazilian gubernatorial elections, Elections by state
Candidacies so far registered under the Superior Electoral Court website:


2010 Brazilian gubernatorial elections, Retired governors
Eleven incumbent Governors – Aécio Neves (Minas Gerais), Alcides Rodrigues (Goiás), Blairo Maggi (Mato Grosso), Eduardo Braga (Amazonas), Ivo Cassol (Rondônia), Luiz Henrique da Silveira (Santa Catarina), Paulo Hartung (Espírito Santo), Roberto Requião (Paraná), Waldez Góes (Amapá), Wilma de Faria (Rio Grande do Norte) and Wellington Dias (Piauí) – were all elected in 2002 and re-elected in 2006 and thus are not constitutionally allowed to run for their seats again.


2010 Brazilian gubernatorial elections, Retired governors
After his involvement in a corruption scandal in late 2009 and subsequent defection from the Democrats (DEM), Federal District Governor José Roberto Arruda also became ineligible, since it is required for citizens seeking to run for any public office in the country to be a registered party member for at least one year before the predicted election date. Soon after, Arruda became the first Brazilian Governor to be arrested while still in office, on February 11, 2010. His Vice Governor, Paulo Octávio took office but resigned twelve days later. The current Governor of the Federal District is Rogério Rosso, from the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), indirectly elected by the local chamber after the corruption scandal. Rosso refrained from seeking a second term, as did Binho Marques, Governor of Acre.


2010 Brazilian legislative election
The 2010 Brazilian legislative election was held on Sunday, October 3, as part of the country's general election. On that date, 54 of the 81 seats in the Federal Senate and all 513 seats in the Chamber of Deputies were up for election.


2010 Brazilian legislative election
This election was marked by the advance of the Lulista bloc, gathered around the For Brazil to keep on changing coalition, in the National Congress. On the other hand, the centre-right opposition, gathered around the Brazil can do more coalition, lost seats in both houses.


2010 Brazilian legislative election, Election information
According to the Constitution, each state is represented by three Senators elected by a majority of the votes. They are directly elected to an eight-year term, and there is no limit on the number of terms a Senator may serve. Alternating, one third and then two thirds of the seats are up for election every four years. In 2006, one third of the seats were up for election and thus in 2010 two thirds of the seats were up for election, corresponding to two of the Senators elected by each one of the 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District.


2010 Brazilian legislative election, Election information
The Chamber of Deputies represent the people of each state, and its members are elected by a system of proportional representation, due to federalism being adopted as the form of government in the country. Federal deputies are elected for a four-year term, and there is no limit on the number of terms a deputy may serve.


2010 Brazilian legislative election, Election results
In 2010, 22 of the country's 27 registered political parties were able to elect at least one representative in the Chamber, while 15 were able to elect at least one Senator.


2010 Brazilian legislative election, Election results
As a result of the so-called "Red Wave", the Workers' Party (PT) became the largest party in the Chamber for the first time ever with 88 deputies, and elected Marco Maia as President of the lower house. Collectively, its coalition, For Brazil to keep on changing, elected 311 deputies. Four parties in the coalition lost seats; the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), Brazilian Republican Party (PRB), Democratic Labour Party (PDT), and the Christian Labour Party (PTC). However, only the PTC failed to gain seats in either house.


2010 Brazilian legislative election, Election results
The Republic Party (RP) had the biggest gain, electing 16 deputies more than in 2006. In the Senate, the centre-left coalition was able to elect 39 seats, against 10 won by the opposition. PT reached an all-time high in the upper house, electing 12 Senators and becoming the second largest party in the Senate, behind only the PMDB. The other parties in the coalition did not have any significant gains, with the exception being the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB), which was able to elect the first female Communist Senator in Brazilian history (Vanessa Grazziotin, from Amazonas).


2010 Brazilian legislative election, Election results
The anti-Lula bloc, on the other hand, suffered substantial losses in both houses. The Democrats (DEM), which had been the second largest party in the Senate during the previous 2007-2011 legislature, was the fourth largest, and managed to elect only 2 seats, reducing their total to 6 seats, tied with the Brazilian Labour Party (PTB) from the same coalition. It also had the largest loss in the Chamber, losing 22 seats, and was closely followed by its ally, the Brazilian Social Democratic Party (PSDB), which lost 13 seats.


2010 Brazilian legislative election, Election results
Overall, the Brazil can do more coalition lost control of 44 seats in the Chamber and 11 in the Senate. Influential members of the opposition during the Lula administration, such as Arthur Virgílio, Heráclito Fortes, Marco Maciel, and Tasso Jereissati, were not able to obtain re-election and will no longer serve in the National Congress.


2010 Brazilian legislative election, Election results
Other opposition members were more successful than the centre-right Brazil can do more coalition. The Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) was able to elect two Senators, gaining an extra seat when compared to the previous legislature. It also kept its three seats in the Chamber. The Green Party (PV) gained two extra seats in the Chamber, in spite of losing its only seat in the Senate.


2010 Brazilian presidential election
The Brazilian presidential election was held in 2010 with two rounds of balloting. The election determined the successor to President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, known as Lula, of the left-wing Workers' Party, who was constitutionally ineligible to run for a third term as he has already served two terms after winning the elections in 2002 and being re-elected in 2006.


2010 Brazilian presidential election
With the support of Lula, the ruling Workers' Party nominated Dilma Rousseff, a former member and co-founder of the Democratic Labour Party who joined Lula's administration as Ministry of Mines and Energy and later served as presidential Chief of Staff. For her vice presidential running mate, Dilma chose Michel Temer, a member of the centre-right Brazilian Democratic Movement, who served as President of the Chamber of Deputies and previously considered a presidential run in his own right.


2010 Brazilian presidential election
The centre-right Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) nominated José Serra, who resigned as Governor of São Paulo to mount his presidential campaign. A former Mayor of São Paulo who had served as Minister of Health during the Cardoso Administration, Serra had previously been the presidential nominee of his party in 2002. For his vice presidential running mate, Serra chose Indio da Costa, a conservative Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro who was a member of the right-wing Democrats party. Da Costa, who became embroiled in controversy over his suggestion that the Workers' Party was linked to the international drug trade, received international comparisons to American politician Sarah Palin.


2010 Brazilian presidential election
Additionally, Marina Silva, a Senator from the northwestern state of Acre and former Minister of the Environment under Lula, left the ruling Workers Party to mount a candidacy as part of the Green Party. Silva criticized the environmental policies of the Lula Administration and ran a campaign in support of sustainable development, ending corruption, and decriminalizing marijuana. Silva, who would've been the first Black woman to serve as President, saw support from younger voters and managed to win almost 20% of the vote in the first round, well exceeding initial expectations.


2010 Brazilian presidential election
Dilma defeated Serra in the second round, becoming the first and only female President of Brazil. The election was noted as being the first time since the inaugural presidential election after the military dictatorship that Lula did not run for president.


2010 Brazilian presidential election, Background
The candidates of the two major political groups of the country were Lula's former Chief of Staff, Dilma Rousseff, of the ruling centre-left democratic socialist/social democratic Workers' Party (PT), and São Paulo State former governor, José Serra, from the centre-right opposition coalition formed mainly by the Social Democratic Party (PSDB), and the right-wing Democrats (DEM).


2010 Brazilian presidential election, Background
Another main candidate was Marina Silva, Lula's former Minister of Environment. She is the candidate for the Green Party (PV), which she joined on late 2009 after leaving the PT, which she helped establishing in the 1980s. She has obtained international recognition as a defender of the Amazon Rainforest, but is less known in her native Brazil, being unable to obtain more support than the other two major candidates in opinion polls.


2010 Brazilian presidential election, Background, Lula's potential successors
As Lula was ineligible to run for a third consecutive term due to term limits established by the Brazilian constitution, speculation mounted in the years prior to the election around who might take the mantle of the Workers' Party in his absence. Though Lula was widely popular, many commentators speculated that his likely successors in the PT would fail to generate his populist touch. Polling conducted in Lula's second term found that a slim majority favored amending the constitution to allow Lula to run for a third term, but he opposed such efforts. Two of Lula's key allies tipped as potential successors, former Minister of Finance Antonio Palocci and former presidential Chief of Staff José Dirceu, were harmed by their involvement in the 2005 Mensalão scandal.


2010 Brazilian presidential election, Background, Lula's potential successors
In 2008, Lula announced that he wanted a woman to succeed him in the presidency. Former Mayor of São Paulo Marta Suplicy, who served at the helm of Brazil's largest city from 2001 to 2005, was considered to be, along with Dilma, the most likely candidate to lead the PT in the 2010 presidential election. Polling conducted in 2008 found her to be a more popular potential presidential candidate than Dilma.


2010 Brazilian presidential election, Background, Lula's potential successors
After losing her bid for reelection in 2004, Suplicy was appointed by Lula to the position of Minister of Tourism, which was speculated to be an attempt at elevating her profile for a 2010 presidential bid. In 2008, Suplicy mounted another bid was for Mayor of São Paulo, which was seen as a precursor to a potential presidential bid in 2010; Suplicy lost the election, damaging her political fortunes.


2010 Brazilian presidential election, Background, Lula's potential successors
Ciro Gomes, former governor of Ceará and Minister for National Integration during Lula's first cabinet, was a possible candidate for the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB). In the years prior to the election, there was some speculation that Lula would support Ciro, a formal rival of his, in the 2010 election if no potential PT candidates appeared viable. Following the selection of Dilma as the candidate of the PT, the ruling centre-left group was worried that Ciro's bid could take votes from Rousseff, and thus, on April 27, PSB declined to launch his candidacy in order to support her. Gomes, a populist who had appeared on third place in polls from May 2009 to April 2010, had been a presidential candidate in 1998 and 2002, when he had a poor result after making sexist remarks and struggling to control his temper.