2008 CHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Format
The tournament featured three rounds of play. In the first round, the fourth and fifth ranked seeds, Wayne State and Alabama-Huntsville, played for entry into the semifinals, to which the top three seeds received byes. The winners of the two semifinal games then played for the championship on March 16, 2008, with the winner receiving an automatic bid to the 2008 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.


2008 CHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Format, Conference Standings
Note: GP = Games Played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; PTS = Points; GF = Goals For; GA = Goals Against


2008 CIS Men's Basketball Championship
The 2008 CIS Men's Final 8 Basketball Tournament was held March 14–16, 2008. For the first time, it was held at Scotiabank Place in Ottawa, Ontario and was hosted by the Carleton Ravens.


2008 CIS Men's Basketball Championship
The tournament will be remembered for Acadia's upset over Carleton in the semi-final, ending their run of five consecutive national titles. Brock won their first title since 1992.


2008 CIS Men's Soccer Championship
The 2008 CIS Men's Soccer Championship Finals will be held from the 6-9 November, 2008 at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario. It will consist of 8 teams from the various conferences under the Canadian Interuniversity Sport. This year the breakdown is host (Carleton), 2 from the OUA, 2 from QSSF, 2 from Canada West and 1 from the AUS.


2008 CIS Men's Soccer Championship, All-Canadians
First Team(1-11) and Second Team(12-22) with school and hometown. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2008 CIS Men's Soccer Championship, Nationals, Tournament XI
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


2008 CIS Men's Soccer Championship, Regional Conference Play-offs, Atlantic (AUS)
Top 6 will make the play-offs with 1 and 2 seeds getting a bye to the semi-final round. Hosted this season by Mount Allison. Other qualifiers include UNB, St. Mary's, Dalhousie, Moncton and UPEI.


2008 CIS Men's Soccer Championship, Regional Conference Play-offs, Quebec (QSSF)
Top 4 teams will make the semi-final round. McGill, Montreal and Laval have qualified.


2008 CIS Men's Soccer Championship, Regional Conference Play-offs, Ontario (OUA)
The OUA play-off will include the top 6 from each of the east and west divisions. The top 2 will get a bye to the quarter finals with the 1st round being #6 @ #3 and #5 @ #4. In subsequent rounds, the teams will be repositioned so that the higher seed always plays the lowest. Laurier, York, Carleton and Toronto are the top 4 seeds.


2008 CIS Men's Soccer Championship, Regional Conference Play-offs, Canada West (CW)
Top 4 teams make the semi-final round. The final four will be hosted by the top team. Currently UBC, Victoria and Trinity Western have clinched a spot.


2008 CIS Women's Volleyball Championship
The 2008 CIS Women's Volleyball Championship was held February 28, 2008 to March 1, 2008, in Fredericton, New Brunswick, to determine a national champion for the 2007–08 CIS women's volleyball season. The tournament was played at the Aitken University Centre and was hosted by the University of New Brunswick. It was the first time that the University of New Brunswick had hosted the tournament.


2008 CIS Women's Volleyball Championship
The fourth-seeded UBC Thunderbirds won a five-set gold medal match over the Montreal Carabins to win their first national championship since 1978. UBC had won medals in seven of the previous 13 tournaments, but had fallen short of a gold medal win, including in 2005 and 2006 when they lost to Sherbrooke and Laval, respectively. Notably, from this year's championship team, Carla Bradstock's and Kyla Richey's mothers were members of the 1978 Thunderbirds team that had last won a national championship for UBC.


2008 CIS football season
The 2008 CIS football season began on August 23, 2008, and concluded with the 44th Vanier Cup national championship on November 22 at Ivor Wynne Stadium in Hamilton, Ontario, with the Laval Rouge et Or winning their fifth championship. Twenty-seven universities across Canada compete in CIS football, the highest level of amateur play in Canadian football, under the auspices of Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS).


2008 CIS football season, Schedule
The regular-season schedule began early with a single Canada West Universities Athletic Association game in week one on Saturday, August 23, between the UBC Thunderbirds and the Simon Fraser Clan at Swangard Stadium in Burnaby. The Ontario University Athletics and remaining CWUAA teams got underway the following week during the Labour Day weekend and the Quebec and Atlantic conferences beginning their matches the week following that.


2008 CIS football season, Schedule
The regular-season concluded in Week 10 on the weekend of October 24/25 for all but the Ontario conference, who had concluded the previous week and held their conference quarter-finals. All conferences held their semi-finals the weekend of November 1/2, and conference championships the weekend of November 8/9. This year, the National Semi-Finals took place on November 16.


2008 CIS football season, Schedule
The Calgary Dinos, the Hardy Trophy-winning Canada West team travelled to Quebec City to take on the Dunsmore Cup winning Laval Rouge-et-Or of the Quebec conference for the Uteck Bowl and the Atlantic conference's Saint Mary's Huskies Jewett Trophy winners visited the Western Ontario Mustangs, Ontario's Yates Cup winners, in London for the Mitchell Bowl. Finally the Bowl winners, Laval and Western, met for the Vanier Cup national championship on Saturday, November 22, in Hamilton, the day before the Canadian Football League's 96th Grey Cup in Montreal. Laval won the game 44-21 and became the just the twelfth CIS team to finish a season undefeated.


2008 CIS football season, Schedule
2007 marked the first year that the Vanier Cup and Grey Cup were played on the same weekend but they both took place in Toronto's Rogers Centre as part of the 95th Grey Cup celebrations. Dating back to 1973, previous Vanier Cups had always been played the week following the Grey Cup.


2008 CIS football season, Awards and records, All-Canadian Team, Second Team
The Laval Rouge-et-Or had a record eight first team all-Canadians on offence, defence and special teams.


2008 CIS football season, Awards and records, Career records
27 new top-ten achievements were added to the all-time career record books in 2008 including five new records as running back Daryl Stephenson completed his record career at Windsor and several passing/receiving records were set at McGill.


2008 CIS football season, Awards and records, Career records
The passing completions record book was completely re-written in 2008 as three players beat Greg Vavra's 25-year-old record of 611.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Regular season standings
Note: GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, PF = Points For, PA = Points Against, Pts = Points


2008 CIS football season, Results, Top 10
Ranks in italics are teams not ranked in the top 10 poll but received votes. NR = Not Ranked, received no votes.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Championships
The Vanier Cup is played between the champions of the Mitchell Bowl and the Uteck Bowl, the national semi-final games. In 2008, according to the rotating schedule, the winners of the Atlantic conference Loney Bowl meet the Ontario conference's Yates Cup champion for the Mitchell Bowl. The winners of the Canada West conference Hardy Trophy travel to the Dunsmore Cup Quebec championship team for the Uteck Bowl.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Championships
The Canada West play-offs start with the top four placed teams from the regular season, with the top placed team hosting the fourth place and the second place team hosting the third placed. The winners of those semi-finals then compete for the Hardy Cup championship who then travels to the Quebec champion for a national semi-final game.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Championships
The Quebec play-offs similarly play-off the top four placed teams with the Dunsmore Cup champions moving on to host the Uteck Bowl against the Canada West champions.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Championships
The Ontario conference started out with the top six placed teams from the regular season. The third placed team hosted the sixth place team and the fourth placed team hosted the team in fifth place. The winners then took on the top two placed teams in the conference semi-finals and the semi-final champions compete for the Yates Cup. According to the rotating CIS Bowl schedule, the Ontario champions, in 2008, host the Atlantic conference champions for the Mitchell Bowl national semi-final game.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Championships
In the Atlantic conference play-offs, the second place St. Francis Xavier X-Men defeated the third placed Mount Allison Mounties to move on to face the first place Saint Mary's Huskies at the Loney Bowl for the Jewett Trophy. Saint Mary's victory means that they then travel to the Ontario champion Western Ontario Mustangs to meet in the Mitchell Bowl.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Championships
The 2008 Uteck Bowl saw the number one ranked Laval Rouge-et-Or dominate the sixth-ranked Calgary Dinos with a 59 to 10 win. With the win, Laval continues their streak of winning all four Bowl games played at PEPS Stadium and hope to continue their record of being undefeated in all four previous appearances at the Vanier Cup.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Championships
At home at TD Waterhouse Stadium, the number three ranked Western Ontario Mustangs defeated the number five ranked Saint Mary's Huskies to win the Mitchell Bowl with a score of 28 to 12. Western lost in the 2007 Mitchell Bowl to Manitoba Bisons and last won a Vanier Cup in 1994.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Vanier Cup
The 44th Vanier Cup marked Western's 12th appearance at the Vanier, the most by any team. They also hold the record for the number of Vanier Cup wins with 6. It was Laval's fifth appearance at the Vanier during their ten-year history, having won each of their previous appearances. 2008 also marked the first Vanier Cup game to feature both a Quebec university and an Ontario university. Laval won the game 44-21 and gained their fifth championship since 1999 to become the just the twelfth CIS team to finish a season undefeated.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Vanier Cup
Laval's victory completed their season without a single loss, the twelfth perfect season in Canadian university history, and puts them tied for second among Canadian universities with five Vanier Cups. Only Western has more with six national championships. It also marked Glen Constantin's fourth Vanier Cup victory as head coach, tying the record set by Calgary's Peter Connellan.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Vanier Cup
The attendance at Ivor Wynne was 13,873 with light snow and a temperature of −4 °C (25 °F). The attendance at the 2007 Vanier was 26,787 at the Roger's Centre during the 95th Grey Cup weekend. The 2006 Vanier Cup was sold-out with 12,567 in Saskatoon's Griffiths Stadium and the 2005 cup at Ivor Wynne had 16,827 spectators.


2008 CIS football season, Results, Vanier Cup
Though there were no bids by the deadline to host the 2009 Vanier Cup, Constantin said Laval does intend to do so. Canadian Interuniversity Sport intended to discuss the issue during its December 1–2 board meetings.


2008 CIS/CCA Curling Championships
Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS) and the CCA combined to host the first national curling championship hosted by the University of Waterloo. It was held from March 12 to 16, 2008 at the Guelph Curling Club and Elora Curling Club.


2008 CIS/CCA Curling Championships
The inaugural event for the men and women was won by the Wilfrid Laurier Golden Hawks.


2008 CIS/CCA Curling Championships, Men's tournament
In men's play the top teams after pool play were:


2008 CIS/CCA Curling Championships, Women's tournament
In women's play the top teams after pool play were:


2008 CIS/CCA Curling Championships, Women's tournament
In the end the Golden Hawks swept to victory in both division. Especially impressive were the female Hawks who started out 0-3 and then won 7 in a row to claim victory.


2008 CK70
2008 CK70 (also written 2008 CK70) is an Apollo near-Earth asteroid. In 2013 it had the 7th highest impact threat on the Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale. It was discovered on 9 February 2008 by Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) at an apparent magnitude of 19 using a 1.0-meter (39 in) reflecting telescope. It has an estimated diameter of 31 meters (102 ft) and is not large enough to qualify as a potentially hazardous object. Ten precovery images from January 2008 have been located. It was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 21 December 2013. It may be possible to recover the asteroid in late September 2017, but it will have an apparent magnitude of about 22.


2008 CK70
It has an observation arc of 35 days with an uncertainty parameter of 6. Perturbations by Earth and Venus will increase the orbital uncertainty over time. When the asteroid only had an observation arc of 5 days, virtual clones of the asteroid that fit the uncertainty region in the known trajectory showed a 1 in 2,700 chance that the asteroid could impact Earth on 14 February 2030.


2008 CK70
With a 2030 Palermo Technical Scale of −2.94, the odds of impact by 2008 CK70 in 2030 were about 870 times less than the background hazard level of Earth impacts which is defined as the average risk posed by objects of the same size or larger over the years until the date of the potential impact. The power of such an air burst would be somewhere between the Chelyabinsk meteor and the Tunguska event depending on the actual size of the asteroid. Using the nominal orbit, JPL Horizons shows that the asteroid will be 0.08 AU (12,000,000 km; 7,400,000 mi) from Earth on 14 February 2030. On 19 May 2031, the asteroid may pass as close as 0.0088 AU (1,320,000 km; 820,000 mi) from Venus.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival
The 2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival is the 5th online short movie festival hosted by Media Research, Inc. The movie festival began on May 1, 2008 with the 20 movies selected for Group A being uploaded to the website, and is scheduled to conclude in mid-November with an award ceremony in Tokyo, Japan.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Info
The 5th CON-CAN Movie Festival had a total submission of approximately 550 movies from 50 countries. Since May 1, the CON-CAN Movie Festival has been presenting 20 selected movies a month on its website where viewers can watch for free and vote for the Audience Award. In November 2008, the CON-CAN Movie Festival will hold its 5th annual award ceremony, where it will showcase the Grand Prix and Tamashii award winners.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Selection Process
Once the April 21st submission deadline passed, the process of selecting the movies for the movie festival began. The programming department at CON-CAN is responsible for sorting through the movies. The best 80 movies out of all the submitted movies were selected to be part of the movie festival and their directors were notified via email.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Selection Process
The movie festival then branches off into two parts. For the first part, the 80 movies are categorized into four groups. Each group is independently displayed on CON-CAN's website between the months of May and August. During this time, registered voters are able to rate the movies and comment on them. The movie with the highest rating in each category is awarded an Audience Award along with a $500 cash prize.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Selection Process
For the second part, the same 80 movies are passed through a first round evaluation and judged by a domestic (Japanese) jury. These preliminary jury members select the best 20 movies to be considered for the final evaluation process. In the second round evaluation, international jury members selected by the CON-CAN staff select the top three nominations to be awarded the Grand Prix award (best short movie) ($10,000 cash prize) and the two Tamashii awards (special jury awards) ($2,000 cash prize each).


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Selection Process
The winner of the Grand Prix award and the two Tamashii award winners are invited to Tokyo with travel and accommodations paid for in order to attend the award ceremony. The award ceremony hosts famous people from the movie industry and notable news networks.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Jury
The international jury which chooses the three best movies during the final evaluation round features famous people from the movie industry. Below is the jury from this year.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Short Movie Selections
The movies below have been selected for the 2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival (listed in alphabetical order). All short movies and animations are able to be viewed for free without registering, however, only registered members (registration is free) are able to vote and comment on the movies within the time frame provided.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Short Movie Selections, Group A
The following movies were selected for Group A of the CON-CAN Movie Festival. Registered members were able to vote and comment on Group A short movies from May 1–31, 2008 for the Audience Award.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Short Movie Selections, Group B
The following movies were selected for Group B of the CON-CAN Movie Festival. Registered members were able to vote and comment on Group B short movies from June 1–30, 2008 for the Audience Award.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Short Movie Selections, Group C
The following movies were selected for Group C of the CON-CAN Movie Festival. Registered members were able to vote and comment on Group B short movies from July 1–31, 2008 for the Audience Award.


2008 CON-CAN Movie Festival, Short Movie Selections, Group D
The movies selected for Group D of the CON-CAN Movie Festival will be announced on August 1. Registered members are able to vote and comment on Group A short movies from August 1–31, 2008 for the Audience Award.


2008 CONCACAF Beach Soccer Championship
The 2008 CONCACAF Beach Soccer Championship, also known as the 2008 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup qualifiers for (CONCACAF), was the second beach soccer championship for North America, Central America and the Caribbean, held in April 2008, in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. Mexico won the championship, with El Salvador finishing second. The two nations moved on to play in the 2008 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup in Marseille, France from July 17 - July 27.


2008 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
The 2008 CONCACAF Champions' Cup was the 43rd edition of the annual international club football competition held in the CONCACAF region (North America, Central America and the Caribbean), the CONCACAF Champions' Cup. It was the final edition under this name and format, being replaced by the CONCACAF Champions League starting from the 2008–09 season.


2008 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
It determined that year's club champion of association football in the CONCACAF region. The tournament was also a qualifying event for the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup.


2008 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
CONCACAF held the draw on December 18, 2007 to establish the matchups and bracket.


2008 CONCACAF Champions' Cup, Qualified teams, North American zone
Pachuca – 2007 Clausura champion Atlante – 2007 Apertura champion Houston Dynamo – 2007 MLS Cup champion D.C. United – 2007 MLS Supporters' Shield winner


2008 CONCACAF Champions' Cup, Qualified teams, Central American zone
Motagua – 2007 UNCAF Interclub Cup winners Saprissa – 2007 UNCAF Interclub Cup runner-up Municipal – 2007 UNCAF Interclub Cup third place


2008 CONCACAF Champions' Cup, Final, Second leg
Pachuca won the 2008 CONCACAF Champions' Cup 3–2 on aggregate, advanced to the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup.


2008 CONCACAF Futsal Championship
The 2008 CONCACAF Futsal Championship was the fourth edition of the main international futsal tournament of the North and Central America and the Caribbean region. It took place in Guatemala City, Guatemala from 3 to 8 June 2008, with the Domo Polideportivo de la CDAG as the only venue.


2008 CONCACAF Futsal Championship
Hosts Guatemala won the tournament after defeating the United States in semifinals and Cuba in the final. It was the first international futsal title won by Guatemala.


2008 CONCACAF Futsal Championship
The tournament also acted as a qualifying tournament for the 2008 FIFA Futsal World Cup in Brazil, with second and third placed teams Cuba and the U.S. joining Guatemala as the qualified teams.


2008 CONCACAF Futsal Championship, Qualifying
Qualifying to 2008 CONCACAF Futsal Championship took place in Macoya, Trinidad and Tobago from 3–6 April 2008. and all matches played in Canedo Hall in the Centre of Excellence, Port of Spain.


2008 CONCACAF Futsal Championship, Championship
The eight participating teams are divided into two groups of four which will play each on a single round-robin format. The top two teams of each group advance to semi-finals. The top three teams for the tournament will earn participation at the 2008 Futsal World Cup.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying
The 2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualification was the twelfth edition of the CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying, the quadrennial, international, age-restricted football tournament organised by CONCACAF to determine which men's under-23 national teams from the North, Central America and Caribbean region qualify for the Olympic football tournament. It was held in the United States, from 11 and 23 March 2008.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying
Honduras won the title after with a 1–0 win over the United States in the final. As the top two teams, Honduras and the United States both qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics in China as the CONCACAF representatives.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying, Statistics, Awards
The following awards were given at the conclusion of the tournament.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying, Qualified teams for Summer Olympics
The following two teams from CONCACAF qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying, Cuban defections
Following the Cuban draw against the United States, seven Cuban players defected, leaving the team with only 11 players which was reduced to 10 against Honduras. Cuba played its final game against Panama with no players available as substitutes because Roberto Linares was sent off from Cuba's match against the United States causing him to be automatically suspended for the team's next match.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying qualification
Qualifying rounds for the 2008 CONCACAF Men's Pre-Olympic Tournament were held for the Central American and the Caribbean zones, narrowing the field from each zone to three nations and two nations, respectively.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying qualification, North American zone
The 3 members of the North American zone automatically qualified to the final round:


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying qualification, Central American zone
Six teams were divided into two groups of three, or triangulars, and played a round of matches in round-robin format. The winner of each triangular advanced to the finals, and the runners-up played each other in a home-and-away playoff.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying qualification, Central American zone, Play-off
The runners-up of each triangular met in a play-off to qualify for a spot in the final round.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying qualification, Central American zone, Play-off
Panama 1–1 Costa Rica on aggregate. Panama won 4–3 on penalties.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying qualification, Caribbean zone
The Caribbean zone qualifiers were divided into two rounds. In the first round, 22 teams were divided into six groups, Groups A through F, and the six group winners advanced to the second round. The six second round teams were divided into two groups of three, Groups G and H, and the winners advanced to the finals.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying squads
The 2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying was an international football tournament that was held in the United States from 11 and 23 March 2008. The eight national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of twenty players, two of whom had to be goalkeepers.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying squads
The final lists were published by CONCACAF on 10 and 11 March 2008.


2008 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying squads
The age listed for each player is on 11 March 2008, the first day of the tournament. A flag is included for coaches who are of a different nationality than their own national team. Players marked in bold have been capped at full international level.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament
The 2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament was the 2nd edition of the CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament, the quadrennial international football tournament organised by CONCACAF to determine which two women's national teams from the North, Central American and Caribbean region qualify for the Olympic football tournament. A total of six teams played in the tournament. The top two teams of the tournament - United States and Canada - qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics women's football tournament in Beijing, China as the CONCACAF representatives.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Qualification
The six berths were allocated to the three regional zones as follows:


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Qualification
Regional qualification tournaments were held to determine the three teams joining Canada, Mexico, and the United States at the final tournament.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Venues
The sole venue was the Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez, Ciudad Juarez, Mexico.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Draw
The six teams were drawn into two groups of three teams. Defending CONCACAF Olympic Qualifying Championship champion and 2004 Olympic gold medalist United States were seeded in Group A.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Group stage
The top two teams of each group advance to the semi-finals.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Knockout stage
In the knockout stage, if a match is level at the end of regular time (two periods of 45 minutes), extra time is played (two periods of 15 minutes) and followed, if necessary, by a penalty shoot-out to determine the winner. In the case of the third place match, as it is played just before the final, extra time is skipped and a penalty shoot-out takes place.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification
The 2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification determined the two teams from the Caribbean and one team from Central America that joined Canada, Mexico and the United States at the 2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament in Mexico.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Caribbean Zone
The Caribbean Zone qualifying was held in two rounds from October to December 2007.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Caribbean Zone, First round
Four groups will played in the first round (three groups of four and one group of three), with the group winners moving on to a second round.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Caribbean Zone, Second round
The four remaining teams were drawn into two pairings. The winners of each tie progressed to the Olympic qualifying final tournament. Puerto Rico hosted both legs of their tie against Trinidad and Tobago in Bayamón, while Cuba hosted both legs of their tie against Jamaica in Havana. However, the away goals rule was still applied, with the visitors (Trinidad and Tobago and Jamaica) counted as the "home" teams for the second legs.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Caribbean Zone, Second round, Matches
2–2 on aggregate. Trinidad and Tobago won on away goals and qualified for the CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Caribbean Zone, Second round, Matches
Jamaica won 3–0 on aggregate and qualified for the CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Central American Zone, First round
Two home and away series were scheduled to be played in the first round, with the winners advancing to the second round. Panama withdrew from their scheduled match against Costa Rica, so Costa Rica advanced on a walkover to the second round.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Central American Zone, First round, Matches
Nicaragua won 5–1 on aggregate and advanced to the second round.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Central American Zone, First round, Matches
Panama withdrew. Costa Rica won on walkover and advanced to the second round.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Central American Zone, Second round, Matches
Costa Rica won 9–0 on aggregate and qualified for the CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament.


2008 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualification, Goalscorers
There were 178 goals scored in 29 matches, for an average of 6.14 goals per match.


2008 CONCACAF Women's U-17 Championship
The 2008 CONCACAF Under-17 Women's Championship was the first tournament of this type in Concacaf the tournament was held in Trinidad and Tobago from July 17–27, 2008. The first, second and third placed teams qualified for the 2008 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup held in New Zealand.


2008 CONCACAF Women's U-17 Championship, Knockout stage
The winners of the two semifinal matches and the winner of the third place match qualified for the 2008 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, held in New Zealand.


2008 CONCACAF Women's U-17 Championship, Goalscorers
The top-scorer award was shared between Katherine Alvarado (Costa Rica), Tiffany Cameron (Canada) and Courtney Verloo (USA) with five goals each.


2008 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship
The 2008 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship was the 2008 championship for Under-20 women's national football (soccer) teams from the CONCACAF region. The tournament doubled as the qualification tournament for the 2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup for the CONCACAF region. The tournament was played entirely at the Estadio Cuauhtémoc in Puebla, Pue., Mexico, from 17 to 28 June 2008. It was won by Canada, who defeated the United States in the final by a score of 1–0. Mexico finished 3rd, qualifying for the U-20 Women's World Cup.


2008 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship, Tournament
The draw for the tournament took place on 6 May 2008 at the CONCACAF Offices of the General Secretariat in New York City.


2008 COSAFA Cup
The 2008 COSAFA Cup is the 12th edition of the football tournament that involves teams from Southern Africa.


2008 COSAFA Cup
Due to their internal competitions calendar, Angola decided to send their under-20 national team to play in this tournament  and South Africa will play with a "Development XI"; therefore matches involving Angola and South Africa will not count towards FIFA ranking according to FIFA.


2008 COSAFA Cup
South Africa won the tournament defeating Mozambique 2-1 in the final.


2008 COSAFA Cup, Qualifying
Took place between 19–24 July, group winners qualified for the final tournament.


2008 COSAFA Cup, Final tournament
Angola, Zambia, South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Botswana were seeded directly for the quarter finals according to FIFA World Rankings of April 2008. This decision was made May 21, 2008 and confirmed on July 7, 2008. The actual draw for the 2 qualifying groups and the quarter finals according to these seeds was held on June 10, 2008.


2008 CSI Gijón
The 2008 CSI Gijón was the 2008 edition of the Gijón show jumping horse show, at Las Mestas Sports Complex in Gijón. This edition of the CSIO Gijón was held between 23 and 28 July 2008.


2008 CSI Gijón
This was the first time since 1991, that the contest was not held as official, as this year was in Madrid, with the aim to promote the Madrid bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics.


2008 CSI Gijón, Gijón Grand Prix
The Gijón Grand Prix, the Show jumping Grand Prix of the 2008 CSIO Gijón, was the major show jumping competition at this event. It was held on 28 July 2008. The competition was a show jumping competition over two rounds, the height of the fences were up to 1.60 meters.


2008 CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament
The 2008 CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament was an international show jumping competition that took place from September 3 to September 7, 2008 at Spruce Meadows in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.


2008 CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament, Results, September 6, BMO Nations' Cup
Nine teams of four riders competed in the $350,000 FEI Nations Cup event, the eighteenth event in the 2008 FEI Nations Cup series. There were two rounds to the event, with all teams placing and receiving financial prizes.


2008 CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament – CN International
The 2008 CN International was a Grand Prix show jumping event held at Spruce Meadows in Calgary, Alberta, Canada on September 7, 2008 during the 2008 CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament. With a $1,000,000 purse, the CN International is one of the richest show jumping events in the world. Nick Skelton of the United Kingdom won the event riding Arko III, obtaining only one penalty over the two rounds of competition to claim the $325,000 first prize.


2008 Cabramatta state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Cabramatta on 18 October 2008 to coincide with the Lakemba, Port Macquarie and Ryde by-elections. The Cabramatta by-election was triggered by the resignation of sitting member and former Health Minister Reba Meagher, after a spectacular series of events that saw both the Deputy Premier and the Premier resign.


2008 Cabramatta state by-election
The seat was retained by the Labor Party at the by-election, but with a sharp decline in the party's vote.


2008 Cachantún Cup
The 2008 Cachantún Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the first and only edition of the Cachantún Cup, and was part of the Tier III Series of the 2008 WTA Tour. It took place in Viña del Mar, Chile, on 11–17 February 2008. Flavia Pennetta won the singles title.


2008 Cachantún Cup, Champions, Doubles
Līga Dekmeijere /  Alicja Rosolska defeated  Mariya Koryttseva /  Julia Schruff, 7–5, 6–3


2008 Cachantún Cup – Doubles
Līga Dekmeijere and Alicja Rosolska won the final 7–5, 6–3 against Mariya Koryttseva and Julia Schruff.


2008 Cachantún Cup – Singles
Flavia Pennetta won in the final 6–4, 5–4, after Klára Zakopalová retired due to a left ankle injury.


2008 Cairo landslide
The 2008 Cairo landslide happened on September 6, 2008 at el-Deweika, an informal settlement in the Manshiyat Naser neighborhood of east Cairo, Egypt; 119 people died in the rockslide. Some people blamed for the landslide were arrested and held accountable.


2008 Cairo landslide
Boulders weighing as much as 70 tons rolled into the shanty town following the landslide. After most of the neighborhood had been flattened, those families still living in the slum were evicted and any remaining buildings were flattened by the government. As a result, hundreds of families were left homeless and many still live in squalor near the site of the disaster, despite government promises to find them homes.


2008 Cairo landslide
The cause of the landslide has not been definitively determined, but theories included leaked sewage from development projects that eroded rocks. An internal investigation determined that the slide was caused by "fate" and no one would be blamed for it.


2008 Cairo landslide
Amnesty International reports that thousands of Egyptians still continue to live in unsafe slums.


2008 Cairo landslide
According to Amnesty International, authorities failed to evacuate the impoverished residents and provide them with temporary or alternative housing. People living in areas deemed unsafe in Al-Duwayqa and Ezbet Bekhit were forced out in a manner which breached the international standards that states must observe while carrying out evictions.


2008 Cairo landslide
In May 2010, a court found Mahmoud Yassin, a Cairo deputy governor, guilty of negligence and sentenced him for five years of imprisonment. Seven other officials were sentenced to three years each.


2008 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
The 2008 Cal Poly Mustangs football team represented California Polytechnic State University during the 2008 NCAA Division I FCS football season.


2008 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
Cal Poly competed in the Great West Conference (GWC). The conference had previously been called the Great West Football Conference, but the new name reflected the addition of sports other than football to the conference. The 2008 Mustangs were led by eighth-year head coach Rich Ellerson and played home games at Mustang Stadium in San Luis Obispo, California. The team finished the season as champion of the GWC, with a regular season record of eight wins and two losses (8–2, 3–0 GWC).


2008 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
At the end of the season, the Mustangs qualified for the Football Championship Division (FCS) playoffs. In the first playoff game they were defeated by Weber State. That brought their final record to eight wins and three losses (8–3, 3–0 GWC). The Mustangs averaged 44 points a game, outscoring their opponents 488–292 for the season. This was the final season for Rich Ellerson as head coach. In his eight seasons the Mustangs compiled a record of 56–34, a winning percentage of .622 .


2008 Cal Poly Mustangs football team, Team players in the NFL
The following Cal Poly Mustang players were selected in the 2009 NFL Draft.


2008 Calder Cup playoffs
The 2008 Calder Cup playoffs of the American Hockey League began on April 16, 2008. The sixteen teams that qualified, eight from each conference, played best-of-7 series for division semifinals, finals and conference finals. The conference champions played a best-of-7 series for the Calder Cup. The Calder Cup Final ended on June 10, 2008 with the Chicago Wolves defeating the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins, four games to two, to win the second Calder Cup in team history. Jason Krog won the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy as playoff MVP, after having already been named the regular-season MVP. Krog also tied the AHL record for most assists in one playoff with 26.


2008 Calder Cup playoffs
In Game 5 of the East Division Semifinals between the Philadelphia Phantoms and Albany River Rats, Ryan Potulny of Philadelphia scored 2:58 into the fifth overtime period, ending what was longest game in AHL history. In 2018 a game would last until 6:48 into the fifth overtime period, setting a new record. Chicago's Darren Haydar set two AHL playoff scoring records in Game 2 of the Calder Cup Final by recording his 52nd career AHL playoff goal, as well as his 120th career AHL playoff point.


2008 Calder Cup playoffs
In the same game, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton's Alex Goligoski set an AHL record for most points scored by a defenseman in a single post-season with 26. This eclipsed the record set by former Wilkes-Barre/Scranton defenseman Chris Kelleher, who scored 25 points in the 2001 Calder Cup Playoffs. Goligoski extended his record to 28 points before the playoffs ended.


2008 Calder Cup playoffs, Playoff seeds
After the 2007–08 AHL regular season, 16 teams qualified for the playoffs. The top four teams from each division qualified for the playoffs, except in the North division where the fourth playoff spot was taken by the fifth-placed team from the West division since the fifth-placed San Antonio Rampage earned more points than the Hamilton Bulldogs during the season. This is because the West division has 8 teams while the other three divisions have 7 teams each. Therefore, this was the only situation in which a crossover was possible. The Providence Bruins were the Eastern Conference regular season champions as well as the Macgregor Kilpatrick Trophy winners with the best overall regular season record. The Chicago Wolves were the Western Conference regular season champions.


2008 Calder Cup playoffs, Bracket
In each round the team that earned more points during the regular season receives home ice advantage, meaning they receive the "extra" game on home-ice if the series reaches the maximum number of games. There is no set series format due to arena scheduling conflicts and travel considerations.


2008 Calder Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Eastern Conference, East Division
Game five was the longest game in AHL history at the time at 82 minutes, 58 seconds of overtime play. It is now the second longest game in AHL history. Philadelphia's Michael Leighton faced 101 shots and made 98 saves, which remains the AHL record.


2008 Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council were held on 1 May 2008. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control with a minority Conservative administration.


2008 Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council election
On 9 May, about a week after being elected as a Liberal Democrat, Greetland and Stainland Councillor Keith Watson left the Liberal Democrats and joined the Conservative Party.


2008 Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council election
In 2009 the Skircoat Councillor Geoffrey Wainwright died suddenly. A by-election was held on 2 April 2009. The seat was held by the Conservative Party with John Hardy winning the seat.


2008 Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council election
In June 2009 Elland Councillor Diane Park quit the Liberal Democrats due to the state of the party in the House of Commons. She continued as an independent.


2008 Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council election, Council composition
Prior to the election the composition of the council was:


2008 Calgary Roughnecks season
The Calgary Roughnecks are a lacrosse team based in Calgary playing in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The 2008 season was the 7th in franchise history. The Roughnecks finished 3rd in the West Division, making the playoffs for the sixth straight season. They defeated the Colorado Mammoth in the division semifinals, but were eliminated when they lost 16-12 to the Portland LumberJax in the division final in Calgary.


2008 Calgary Roughnecks season, Regular season, Conference standings
x: Clinched playoff berth; c: Clinched playoff berth by crossing over to another division; y: Clinched division; z: Clinched best regular season record; GP: Games PlayedW: Wins; L: Losses; GB: Games back; PCT: Win percentage; Home: Record at Home; Road: Record on the Road; GF: Goals scored; GA: Goals allowedDifferential: Difference between goals scored and allowed; GF/GP: Average number of goals scored per game; GA/GP: Average number of goals allowed per game


2008 Calgary Roughnecks season, Player stats, Runners (Top 10)
Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; LB = Loose Balls; PIM = Penalty Minutes


2008 Calgary Roughnecks season, Player stats, Goaltenders
Note: GP = Games Played; MIN = Minutes; W = Wins; L = Losses; GA = Goals Against; Sv% = Save Percentage; GAA = Goals Against Average


2008 Calgary Stampeders season
The 2008 Calgary Stampeders season was the 51st season for the team in the Canadian Football League and their 70th overall. The Stampeders finished in 1st place in the West division, won the West Final and played in the 96th Grey Cup in Montreal. The Stampeders defeated the hometown Montreal Alouettes to win their 6th Grey Cup championship.


2008 Calgary Stampeders season, Offseason, CFL Draft
In the 2008 CFL Draft, 48 players were chosen from among 752 eligible players from Canadian universities across the country, as well as Canadian players playing in the NCAA. The first two rounds were broadcast on TSN.ca with host Rod Black.


2008 Calgary Stampeders season, Regular season, Roster
Italics indicate Import player updated 2008-10-24 • 46 Active, 11 Inactive, 7 PS


2008 Calgary Stampeders season, Playoffs, West Final
Date and time: Saturday, November 15, 2:30 PM Mountain Standard TimeVenue: McMahon Stadium, Calgary, Alberta


2008 Calgary Stampeders season, Playoffs, Grey Cup
Date and time: Sunday, November 23, 4:00 PM Mountain Standard TimeVenue: Olympic Stadium, Montreal, Quebec


2008 California Democratic presidential primary
The 2008 California Democratic presidential primary took place on February 5, 2008, also known as Super Tuesday. California was dubbed the "Big Enchilada" by the media because it offers the most delegates out of any other delegation. Hillary Clinton won the primary.


2008 California Democratic presidential primary, Process
In the primary, 370 of California's 441 delegates to the Democratic National Convention were selected. Of these delegates, 241 were awarded at the congressional district level, and the remaining 129 were allocated to candidates based on the primary vote statewide. The remaining delegates were superdelegates not obligated to vote for any candidate at the convention. Candidates were required to receive at least 15% of either the district or statewide vote to receive any delegates. Registered Democrats and Decline to State voters were eligible to vote.


2008 California Democratic presidential primary, Polls
The latest six polls were averaged (only counting the latest Zogby poll).


2008 California Golden Bears football team
The 2008 California Golden Bears football team represented the University of California, Berkeley in the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They played their home games at California Memorial Stadium in Berkeley, California and are coached by Jeff Tedford.


2008 California Golden Bears football team
The Bear's 2008 campaign was marked with diminished expectations, as all of California's offensive stars at their skill positions (DeSean Jackson, Lavelle Hawkins, Robert Jordan, Justin Forsett and Craig Stevens) graduated or declared for the NFL Draft. Thus the Bears started the season unranked for the first time since 2003. Their 2008 season would confirm this ranking, as they would finish the season undefeated at home but would only win one game on the road.


2008 California Golden Bears football team
The Bears won their opening game at home against Michigan State 38–31 and eviscerated Washington State in Pullman 66–3, but fell to Maryland 35–27 in College Park. The Bears won two straight home games against Colorado State and Arizona State but fell in the desert to Arizona. Although the Bears still controlled their destiny in the Pac-10 after two more home wins against UCLA and Oregon, two close losses to Pac-10 champion contenders USC and Oregon State on the road put an end to those hopes. Cal reclaimed the Axe by beating Stanford 37–16 in the 111th Big Game and kept Washington's season winless with a 48–7 victory.


2008 California Golden Bears football team
Cal finished the regular season 8–4 as Tedford claimed his seventh consecutive winning season for the Golden Bears and third unbeaten home record in five years. The team improved on its 2007 season record of 7–6 to 9–4 and spent most of the season unranked, breaking into the AP Top 25 three times only to get knocked out each time following a loss. The Bears accepted an invitation to take on the Miami Hurricanes at the 2008 Emerald Bowl, which they won 24–17.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Preseason
The aftermath of Cal's tumble from potentially being ranked in 2007 led Tedford to declare open competition on all positions. This included at quarterback, where Tedford had come under extreme criticism from the media and Golden Bears fans alike for his decision-making the previous year. Both Nate Longshore and Kevin Riley appeared to be at a standstill through fall practice. But in a surprise move, the younger and less experienced Riley was named the starter for the season opener. However, Tedford indicated that the quarterback competition was not over, and that Longshore would also see action against Michigan State (he would appear in the second quarter).


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Preseason
Cal's offseason also was noted by the Kevin Hart controversy, where the small town offensive linemen would claim he had been recruited by the Golden Bears, although the athletic department claimed never to be involved with him. Hart would later admit he made the whole thing up.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Michigan State
The Bears had last played the Spartans in Michigan in 2002, defeating them 46–22 in Tedford's first year as head coach. The two teams had only played each other three times in all before their 2008 meeting, with the Spartans winning the other two contests.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Michigan State
Both teams were scoreless until a blocked Spartans punt resulted in a Bears touchdown in the first quarter. Cal scored again on a field goal by freshman kicker David Seawright in the second quarter. Michigan State responded when Otis Wiley intercepted a Nate Longshore pass and returned it for a touchdown, while Cal was able to counter with a touchdown run by Jahvid Best prior to the end of the first half.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Michigan State
The second half saw both teams score back and forth. The Spartans struck first with a touchdown run by Javon Ringer, followed by Cal QB Kevin Riley connecting with Cameron Morrah for a touchdown. Ringer made his second touchdown run of the game in the fourth quarter, while Riley made his second touchdown pass of the game to Will Ta'ufo'ou. After a Spartans field goal, freshman running back Shane Vereen scored on an 81-yard touchdown run that gave the Bears their final score of the game. The Spartans countered with a touchdown pass from Brian Hoyer to Mark Dell to get within 7 points and had a chance to tie the game with seconds left, but Hoyer threw four straight incompletions from midfield.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Michigan State
Longshore, who lost the starting quarterback job to Riley, threw for 62 yards with 2 interceptions. Riley threw for 202 yards with 2 touchdowns. The game marked the first time that two Cal running backs had completed over 100 yards rushing since the 2006 Holiday Bowl, with Best at 111 yards and Vereen at 101, respectively. Spartans quarterback Hoyer finished with 321 yards passing, including a touchdown and an interception. Ringer, who completed 1,447 yards rushing during the 2007 season, was held to 81 yards, which included 2 touchdowns.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington State
The Cougars hosted the Bears in Pullman, Washington for the first conference game of the season for both teams as well as first year Cougars head coach Paul Wulff. Cal scored early, with Jahvid Best breaking free for an 80-yard touchdown run on the Bears' first possession. This was followed by an interception by Syd'Quan Thompson deep in Washington State territory, setting up a touchdown pass from Kevin Riley to Sean Young. Shane Vereen made a 39-yard touchdown run on the next possession for the Bears' third touchdown of the first quarter. A Cougar field goal would prove to be their only score for the game.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington State
The Cougars had another chance at scoring in the second quarter, but had a field goal blocked that linebacker Zack Follett was able to return for a 65-yard touchdown. Riley was able to run in for a touchdown from 27 yards out, while Thompson made an 89-yard interception that set up another Best touchdown.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington State
After the half, Nate Longshore led the Bears in the third quarter. The Cougars were intercepted in the Cal red zone, setting up an 86-yard touchdown run by Best. This marked the first time that Cal had two runs of more than 80 yards in a single game, as well as in a single season.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington State
Cal used its commanding lead in the fourth quarter to give more of its backup players some experience. Following a touchdown by sophomore running back Tracy Slocum, freshman quarterback Brock Mansion was able to take his first career snap. An interception of a Cougars pass in WSU territory gave Mansion the opportunity to make his first rushing touchdown for the final score of the game.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington State
Cal produced 505 total yards of offense (114 passing and 391 rushing) and allowed only 167 total yards (110 passing and 57 rushing) to the Cougars, who committed four turnovers. The game marked the first time since 1921 and 1923 that the Bears had won back to back games at Pullman. It was the Cougars' worst loss since a 1976 loss to UCLA 62–3 and the first time that WSU opened the season with two losses since 1999.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington State
Best had exactly 200 yards rushing on 14 carries for three touchdowns, the most by a Cal player since Justin Forsett had 235 against New Mexico State in 2005. He also became the first player since J.J. Arrington to start the season with consecutive 100-yard rushing games. The win enabled the Bears to get back into the AP Top 25 at #23.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Maryland
Cal headed east for its second road game in a row in the first ever meeting between the Bears and the Terrapins with a noon kickoff. The Terrapins jumped out to an early lead and never relinquished it, with Da’Rel Scott scoring a rushing touchdown on their first possession. Kevin Riley was intercepted on the ensuing Cal possession, setting up another touchdown run by Scott. Terrapins quarterback Chris Turner threw a touchdown pass to open the second quarter. The Bears were limited to a pair of field goals in the first half, with a possible third one from 25 yards out bouncing off the left upright in the closing seconds of the second quarter. Maryland had only scored 21 points combined in their first two games.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Maryland
In the third quarter, Cal recovered a Maryland fumble, but failed to score and turned the ball over on downs. Maryland extended its lead to 28–6 on a 28-yard touchdown strike from Turner to Darrius Heyward-Bey. Riley was sacked three times. Cal was shut out of the end zone until the fourth quarter, when Riley connected with Cameron Morrah. The Terrapins recovered the ensuing onside kick and was able to respond with a touchdown for their final score of the game. Riley threw two more touchdown passes to bring the Bears within 8 points, but Maryland recovered the ensuing onside kicks and Turner was able to end the game by taking three straight knees.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Maryland
Jahvid Best, coming from back to back games with over 100 yards rushing, was held to 25 on ten carries, with the Bears producing only 38 net rushing yards. Riley passed for 423 yards on 58 attempts, a school record for the most pass attempts. Terrapins quarterback Turner passed for 156 yards and two touchdowns, while running backs Scott and Davin Meggett rushed for 87 and two touchdowns, and 82 yards and a touchdown, respectively. The Bears also gave up five sacks, the most since October 1, 2005 against Arizona.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Maryland
Humidity was cited as the biggest adjustment that Cal failed to make more so than the time change and Maryland's performance in its first two games. The loss brings the Bears' record to 3–7 in its last ten trips to the East Coast and also snapped a ten-game winning streak in the month of September.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Colorado State
Although Cal struggled on pass offense and Cal's two running backs both committed a fumble early on, the defense and special teams put Cal on the board early in the first half. A Rams punt was blocked and Bryant Nnabuife ran it in for a touchdown, his second of the season. In the same quarter Cal's Brett Johnson intercepted Colorado State's Billy Farris' pass for a 43-yard touchdown.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Colorado State
In the second quarter Riley threw an 11-yard pass to Nyan Boateng for the score after a pass interference call on Colorado State gave Cal a first down. The defense was able to shut out Colorado State for another quarter.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Colorado State
In the third quarter Riley was replaced with Nate Longshore who was unable to produce any offense although running backs Jahvid Best and Shane Vereen were consistently gaining first downs. However Cal's special teams struck again as Syd'Quan Thompson ran a punt return for a touchdown.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Colorado State
In the fourth quarter, Cal's offense finally clicked when Longshore hit Jeremy Ross for an 11-yard touchdown and Cameron Morrah for another 16-yard touchdown. The Rams avoided being shut out with a 1-yard touchdown run by John Mosure that followed a long pass by backup quarterback Klay Kubiak. The final score was 42–7.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Colorado State
In addition to the struggles on offense, Cal's Jahvid Best walked off the field after dislocating his elbow following a tackle. X -rays showed that there were no fractures and an MRI revealed no ligament damage. Cal's Rulon Davis left after half-time with an undisclosed foot injury.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Arizona State
The Bears resumed conference play at home against the Sun Devils following a week off. Nate Longshore started for the Bears after Jeff Tedford had him and Kevin Riley compete for the starting position during the week. Cal took an early lead with a field goal in the first quarter followed by a touchdown pass from Longshore to LaReylle Cunningham that resulted from a fumble on the Sun Devils' first possession. Longshore threw an interception in the closing minutes of the first quarter, but the Sun Devils were unable to capitalize on it. The Bears struck again in the second quarter with a 22-yard touchdown pass to Cameron Morrah, to which the Sun Devils responded to with a 30-yard touchdown pass from Rudy Carpenter to Kyle Williams.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Arizona State
Cal scored first in the second half, when Longshore connected with Nyan Boateng for a touchdown. Cal was able to block a field goal attempt by Arizona State, but was penalized for jumping on the line, resulting in a first down. This set up the Sun Devils' final score of the game on an 8-yard run by Keegan Herring. The Bears defense was able to shut out the Sun Devils in the fourth quarter, intercepting Carpenter for a second time and forcing a fumble that forced them to punt. A Sun Devils field goal attempt in the final minute of the quarter missed. Cal only made one first down in the fourth quarter and spent the rest of the time successfully running out the clock.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Arizona State
Longshore finished with 198 yards, including three touchdowns and an interception, moving him up to fifth place on the Cal career touchdown list with 46. Running back Shane Vereen, stepping in for an injured Jahvid Best, had 93 yards rushing. Tight end Cameron Morrah caught his fourth touchdown pass of the season, the most by a tight end since Garrett Cross in 2004. Carpenter finished with 165 yards passing, including one touchdown pass and two picks. He injured his ankle in the final minutes and had to leave the game on crutches. The loss marks the Sun Devils' first three-game losing streak since Dennis Erickson's tenure as head coach. The victory allowed the Bears to break into the Coaches' Poll at #22 and AP Poll at #25 following a bye week.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Arizona
The Bears put their new #25 ranking on the line against the Wildcats on the road, where they had lost in 2006, with Longshore getting his second start in a row for the season. Cal capitalized on a fumble by Arizona running back Nic Grigsby which set up a short pass from Longshore to Verran Tucker. The Wildcats responded in the second quarter with two touchdown runs in a row by freshman running back Keola Antolin of 20- and 11-yards, respectively. The Bears tied it up with a 67-yard by Jahvid Best, who played his first game since dislocating his left shoulder three weeks prior against Colorado State. Cal went ahead with an 18-yard touchdown reception by Cameron Morrah and a field goal to take a 24–14 lead at the half.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Arizona
The Wildcats came storming back in the third quarter, starting with a 56-yard touchdown pass from Willie Tuitama to Mike Thomas. Antolin rushed for a touchdown for his third of the night, while Longshore was intercepted by Devin Ross less than a minute later for a 21-yard touchdown. Tuitama then hit Rob Gronkowski for a 35-yard touchdown and the final score of the game. By comparison, the Bears were only able to score on a lone field goal. Kevin Riley stepped in for Longshore during the fourth quarter but was unable to lead the Bears to a comeback, and both teams failed to score.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Arizona
Best finished with 107 yards rushing, while Antolin ran for 149 yards, marking the first time that Cal had allowed a rusher to go for over 100 in the season. Longshore threw for 218 yards, including two touchdowns and one pick, while Riley threw for 97 yards and one interception. Tuitama threw for 225 yards, including two touchdowns and one interception, and was sacked four times. Wildcats receiver Mike Thomas had 104 receiving yards. The game marked the first time the Bears had allowed more than 40 points since UCLA had scored 47 at home on October 8, 2005.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, UCLA
The Bruins led the series, 49–28–1, on the Golden Bears. Kevin Riley started for the Bears, his first since nearly a month before against Colorado State on September 27. The Bruins took their only lead of the game at the beginning of the second quarter by managing to block a punt attempt by Bryan Anger and recovering the ball in the end zone to go up 7–3. On the ensuing possession Jahvid Best was able to break free for 34-yard run, the only offensive touchdown in the first half for the Bears.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, UCLA
Marcus Ezeff then intercepted a pass by Bruins quarterback Kevin Craft which he was able to return for a 69-yard touchdown. Both teams then traded field goals into the fourth quarter. After getting a stop on a fake Bruins punt attempt, which nearly converted a 4th and 23 with a 22-yard pass, Riley hit Nyan Boateng for a 53-yard touchdown. Michael Mohamed then intercepted a Craft pass for a 19-yard score. Riley threw his second touchdown pass of the game on a ten-yard strike to Cameron Morrah. UCLA got in the final score of the game when backup quarterback Chris Forcier threw a nine-yard pass to Dominique Johnson, which was set up by a kickoff return by wide receiver Terrence Austin for 81 yards.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, UCLA
The victory continued Cal's win streak against UCLA at Memorial Stadium, having not lost to the Bruins at home since 1998. The Bears held the Bruins to 16 yards rushing, while Jahvid Best ran for 115 and Shane Vereen had 99. Riley passed for 153 yards and two touchdowns, although he was sacked three times. For the Bruins, Craft passed for 206 yards and was picked off four times, two coming off tipped balls.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon
The Bears hosted the Ducks on a rainy day at Memorial Stadium with Riley as the starter. Oregon capitalized on an interception at midfield on Cal's first possession with a 17-yard run by quarterback Jeremiah Masoli with the PAT missing. The Bears responded quickly with a 22-yard pass from Riley to Jeremy Ross on the ensuing possession. Jahvid Best was able to break free for a 50-yard run from the Cal 20-yard line, but fumbled the ball in Ducks territory.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon
The Bears held the Ducks and got a safety when Oregon snapped the ball high and into the end zone on a punt attempt. Cal took advantage of the free kick to advance down the field, during which Riley sustained a concussion when he failed to slide while attempting to gain a first down and was sandwiched between three defenders. He did not return to the game and Nate Longshore stepped into the game.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon
Best had his second fumble of the game in the second quarter, but Sean Cattouse then intercepted Masoli to negate it. The Bears fumbled again on a rushing attempt by Shane Vereen but the Ducks were stopped cold on a fourth down conversion attempt in Cal territory. The only score of the quarter was set up by a 50-yard interception return by Worrell Williams, capped off by a 2-yard pass from Longshore to Nyan Boateng.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon
Both teams traded field goals in third quarter until the Ducks blitzed down the field from their own 45-yard line and scored with three plays in 33 seconds on a 17-yard run by running back Jeremiah Johnson for their final score of the game. In the fourth quarter, Ducks cornerback Jairus Bryd fumbled a punt which was recovered by the Bears, allowing Vereen to score on a 2-yard run to put the game away.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon
Ducks running back Jeremiah Johnson went over the century mark with a 117 yards rushing, including a touchdown, the second rusher to do so against the Bears. Quarterback Jeremiah Masoli himself had 97 rushing yards, more than double his 44 passing yards, including a touchdown run. Longshore finished with a 136 passing yards including one touchdown, while Best had 93 rushing yards. Verran Tucker was the Bears' leading receiver with 83 yards.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon
The Bears' five turnovers were the most since a November 12, 2005 matchup against USC, while Longshore moved up to fourth place in career passing touchdowns with 49 total. The upset victory allowed the Bears to break into the BCS rankings at #21. The Bears also got into the AP Top 25 at #21, their highest ranking thus far for the season and the third time they had done so after two road losses at Maryland and Arizona, both unranked at the time.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, USC
The Bears headed south to face USC at home, putting their highest ranking of the year to date on the line against the #7 Trojans. Longshore got the start for the Bears and played for the first half, throwing two interceptions that were negated by penalties against the USC defense. The Bears held the Trojans to a field goal in the first quarter before marching down the field to respond with one of their own in the second, their only score of the game.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, USC
Trojans quarterback Mark Sanchez, on the ensuing possession, then led USC on a 70-yard drive capped off by a 19-yard touchdown pass to Patrick Turner. Although the pass appeared on replays to have touched the ground, it was not overturned. The Trojans led the Bears 10–3 at the end of the half.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, USC
Kevin Riley stepped in at quarterback in an attempt to bring the Bears back in the second half. He hit Shane Vereen in the end zone on the Bears' first possession of the third quarter on a 27-yard strike, but the play was negated because of an illegal receiver downfield penalty; he was then intercepted on a tipped pass. Both defenses were then able to keep each side from scoring into the fourth quarter. The Trojans were then able to sustain a drive downfield that ended with a 6-yard pass from Sanchez to Ronald Johnson to put the game away.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, USC
The Trojan defense held the Bears to 165 net yards, while its offense produced more than double with 411. Sanchez threw for 238 yards, including two touchdowns, while Longshore went for 79 and Riley threw for 59. The Trojans also outrushed the Bears, putting up 173 and holding the latter to only 27. Jahvid Best was held to only 30 rushing yards on 13 carries. The Trojans won their sixth straight game of the year and their fifth straight game against the Bears.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon State
The Bears traveled north to Corvallis, Oregon for their final road game of the season against the #23 Beavers, who had not yet lost a home game. Jahvid Best took the ensuing kickoff 51 yards to help set up a 5-yard pass from starter Kevin Riley. The Beavers immediately responded when James Rodgers returned the ensuing kickoff 86 yards for a touchdown, the first kickoff return for a score in the Pac-10.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon State
Oregon State extended its lead by taking advantage of a 56-yard punt return by Sammie Stroughter to set up a 2-yard run by freshman running back Jacquizz Rodgers and would not relinquish it. Cal scored in the second quarter on a trick play when Riley threw a lateral to Jeremy Ross, who then threw a 30-yard forward pass to Nyan Boateng to make it 17–14 Oregon State at the half.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon State
The Beavers extended their lead in the third quarter with a field goal and 18-yard touchdown run by James Rodgers. Best was able to break free for a 65-yard touchdown run to keep the Bears within a score at 27–21. The Bears had a chance in the final minute of the fourth quarter to make a comeback, but were pinned at their own 6-yard line on a punt and were set back at the 3-yard line by a penalty. Riley was then intercepted by Keenan Lewis for a 25-yard touchdown to seal the victory for the Beavers.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Oregon State
Beavers quarterback Lyle Moevao threw for 145 yards, including one interception and a sack, while Jacquizz Rodgers rushed for 144 yards with one touchdown. Riley threw for 117 yards, was sacked five times, and was picked off once. Best ran for 116 yards, with one touchdown. The Bears would finish the season 1–4 on the road, their sole win coming against Washington State.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Stanford
Cal hosted Stanford for the 111th Big Game. The Cardinal had won the Axe back the previous year, snapping a five-game losing streak, and came in looking to get their sixth win to become bowl-eligible for the first time since 2001.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Stanford
The Bears were able to score a field goal on their first possession, set up by a 60-yard run by Jahvid Best. A Cardinal attempt to tie the game with a field goal missed. Cal started a drive late in the first quarter that was halted early in the second when Bo McNally intercepted Kevin Riley on the Stanford 24-yard line. The Cardinal in turn were able to march downfield and were stopped when Cal forced running back Toby Gerhart to fumble and recovered at the Cal 11-yard line.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Stanford
Riley then threw his first touchdown pass of the day, a 59-yard strike to Shane Vereen. Stanford was unable to get into the end zone in the closing seconds of the third quarter with Cal halting Gerhart at the one-yard line and had to settle for a field goal to make the score 10–3 at the half.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Stanford
The Bears exploded in the third quarter with three touchdowns in just over four minutes. First, The Bears intercepted Tavita Pritchard on the Stanford 40-yard line, setting up a touchdown pass from Riley to Cameron Morrah. They scored again on their next possession on a pass from Riley to Sean Young who then lateraled to Best for a 14-yard score. Best then ran in from a score on Cal's next possession, which was set up by a 42-yard run. The Bears shut down the Cardinal offense, sacking Pritchard three times in addition to intercepting him once.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Stanford
In the fourth quarter, Cal's final score came on a 45-yard run by Best. The Cardinal put up their first points since the first quarter on a 34-yard pass from Pritchard to Doug Baldwin. They successfully recovered an onside kick to score again on a 10-yard run by Gerhart. Pritchard was intercepted on Stanford's next possession on the Cal 27-yard line and then again in the final minutes of the quarter to seal the victory for Cal, with the crowd rushing the field in celebration.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Stanford
The loss prevented Stanford from becoming bowl-eligible since 2001, Tyrone Willingham's final year as head coach. Pritchard outpassed Riley, throwing for 306 yards and a touchdown, while Gerhart ran for 103. Riley threw for 101 yards, including three scores, while Best ran for a career-high 201 yards and scored three times, becoming the seventh consecutive 1,000-yard rusher under Tedford.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington
The Bears played their final regular season game at home against the winless Huskies in Tyrone Willingham's final game as Washington head coach.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington
Cal scored on its first possession when Jahvid Best was able to break free for a 60-yard touchdown run. On the following possession the Bears were able to march downfield but missed a 30-yard field goal attempt. However Cal linebacker Zack Follett was able to sack Huskies quarterback Taylor Bean and force a fumble, which the Bears recovered, setting up a field goal from 23 yards.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington
Following an interception by the Golden Bears, Nate Longshore stepped in for Kevin Riley in the second quarter for his final regular season game at Cal; Best scored with a two-yard touchdown run, followed a 20-yard run. Longshore threw a 6-yard touchdown pass to Cameron Morrah with nine seconds left in the quarter to make the score at halftime 31–0. The Bear defense caused three Husky turnovers in the quarter.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington
In the third quarter, Best rushed for his final touchdown of the game on an 84-yard run. Shane Vereen stepped in at running back to relieve Best, who had rushed for a school record of 311 yards, surpassing a 54-year-old record held by Jerry Drew for 283 yards. Vereen was then able to score on a two-yard run. The Huskies got in their sole score of the game on a drive that consumed more than six minutes and culminated in a two-yard run by Bean. Cal then put in its backup players to finish the game, managing to prevent the Huskies from scoring in the fourth quarter.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington
Best's record-setting 311-yard rushing game was the fourth best performance in the FBS for the 2008 season and the fifth 300-yard rushing game in Pac-10 history. He finished the regular season with 1,394 yards rushing as the Pac-10 rushing leader, surpassing Oregon State's Jacquizz Rodgers who did not play the previous week in the Civil War against Oregon on November 29 due to injury. Longshore' 50th touchdown pass moved him up to fourth overall in touchdown passes for the Golden Bears. The Bears ended the regular season with 23 interceptions, the most since 1953.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Washington
The Bears' victory made their record at home perfect at 7–0 and made the Huskies the first 0–12 team in Pac-10 conference history and the only team in the country to finish the 2008 season without a victory. Washington's last win had been against Cal in Seattle in 2007. The Bears had 549 total net yards as opposed to the Huskies' 200, and outrushed them 431 to 104, with net passing yards closer at 118 to 96, respectively.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Emerald Bowl
The Bears faced the Miami Hurricanes on December 27 in the Emerald Bowl at AT&T Park in San Francisco, California (just across the bay from Berkeley), marking the first appearance by either team in this bowl series. Longshore got the start over Riley for his final collegiate game. On the opposite side, Miami started freshman backup quarterback Jacory Harris after starter Robert Marve was suspended for academic reasons.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Game summaries, Emerald Bowl
The Bears jumped out to an early 14–0 lead on two touchdown runs by Jahvid Best in the first quarter. However, the Hurricanes were able to score successive touchdowns on passes from Harris in the second and third quarters, while the Miami defense shut out the Cal offense in the second quarter and limited Cal's scoring in the third to a field goal. With the score tied at 17 apiece, late in the fourth quarter linebacker Zack Follett was able to force a fumble on Harris, which the Bears recovered. Longshore was able to connect with freshman tight end Anthony Miller for his 51st career touchdown pass and the go ahead score. Best earned Offensive MVP honors, while Follett was named the Defensive MVP.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Aftermath
Cameron Morrah decided to forgo his senior season and declared for the NFL draft. He was invited to the NFL Combine alongside Rulon Davis, Anthony Felder, Zack Follett, Alex Mack, and Worrell Williams.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Aftermath
Following the departure of offensive coordinator Frank Cignetti for Pittsburgh, he was replaced by Andy Ludwig, who helped guide the Utah Utes to a perfect 13–0 season as offensive coordinator. Ludwig had previously worked alongside Cal head coach Jeff Tedford at Oregon and Fresno State, becoming the fifth offensive coordinator at Cal in five years.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Players, Depth chart
These were the primary starters and backups through the 2008 season.


2008 California Golden Bears football team, Players, Depth chart
Mitchell Schwartz started all 13 games and was named a second-team Freshman All-American by College Football News, received the Bob Tessier Award as Cal's Most Improved Offensive Lineman, and received honorable mention Pac-10 All-Academic honors.


2008 California Proposition 10
California Proposition 10, also known as the California Alternative Fuels Initiative, was an unsuccessful initiated state statute that appeared on the November 2008 ballot in California. Proposition 10 was   a corporation owned by T. Boone Pickens. Clean Energy Fuels Corp. is the nation's leading operator of natural gas vehicle fueling stations.


2008 California Proposition 10
Proposition 10 was one of two ballot initiatives focusing on alternative fuels that appeared on the November 4, 2008 ballot in California. Both propositions were rejected by voters that day.


2008 California Proposition 10, Provisions of the initiative
The initiative authorizes $5 billion in bonds paid from state’s General Fund, allocated approximately as follows:


2008 California Proposition 10, Provisions of the initiative, Estimate of fiscal impact
According to the government's fiscal analysis office, the initiative would entail:


2008 California Proposition 10, Supporters, Funding and Boone Pickens
Reports filed through December 31, 2008 listed four major donors to the initiative:


2008 California Proposition 10, Supporters, Funding and Boone Pickens
On August 11, it was disclosed that U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi is an investor in CEFC.,


2008 California Proposition 10, Supporters, Funding and Boone Pickens
Todd Campbell, Clean Energy's public policy director, in response to criticisms about CLNE sponsoring Prop. 10 because of potential benefits to the company told an 'Associated Press reporter, "I don’t think it’s a given that Clean Energy is going to cash in. I wish it were that simple."


2008 California Proposition 10, Supporters, Arguments in favor of Prop. 10
The main arguments offered in favor of Prop. 10 are:


2008 California Proposition 10, Supporters, Path to the ballot
Prop. 10 was qualified for the ballot through a petition drive conducted by Progressive Campaigns, Inc., at a cost of $2,418,178 and Forde and Mollrich, which was paid $660,084 for signatures. The total signature cost was $3,078,263.


2008 California Proposition 10, Newspaper endorsements, Opposed to Prop. 10
The Los Angeles Times editorialized against Prop. 10 on September 19, saying, "Spending bond money on something as intangible as privately owned vehicles is a terrible idea"  The Santa Monica Mirror said, "Self-serving Prop. 10 sounds good, should lose".


2008 California Proposition 10, Newspaper endorsements, Opposed to Prop. 10
The San Francisco Chronicle is  opposed, writing, "The chief backer and bill payer for the measure is T. Boone Pickens, the folksy Texas oilman and apostle for energy independence who founded a firm that just happens to supply natural gas for cars and trucks".


2008 California Proposition 11
Proposition 11 of 2008 (or the Voters FIRST Act) was a law enacted by California voters that placed the power to draw electoral boundaries for State Assembly and State Senate districts in a Citizens Redistricting Commission, as opposed to the State Legislature. To do this the Act amended both the Constitution of California and the Government Code. The law was proposed by means of the initiative process and was put to voters as part of the November 4, 2008 state elections. In 2010, voters passed Proposition 20 which extended the Citizen Redistricting Commission's power to draw electoral boundaries to include U.S. House seats as well.


2008 California Proposition 11, Provisions
The Act amended Article XXI of the state constitution and enacted Title 2, Division 1, Chapter 3.2 of the Government Code. These changes transfer authority for establishing Assembly, Senate, and Board of Equalization district boundaries from elected representatives to a fourteen-member commission. The commission is chosen as follows:


2008 California Proposition 11, Provisions
The commission must include five commissioners of the largest political party in California (in practice the Democrats), five commissioners from the second largest party (currently the Republicans), and four of neither party. For approval, new district boundaries need votes from three commissioners of the largest party, three from the second largest, and three of the commissioners from neither party. The commission may hire lawyers and consultants to assist it in its work.


2008 California Proposition 11, Provisions
The state legislature retains responsibility for drawing district boundaries for California's Congressional Districts, but the Act adds additional criteria that the legislature must follow in drawing those boundaries.


2008 California Proposition 11, Supporters
California Common Cause was the advocacy group sponsoring the initiative.


2008 California Proposition 11, Supporters, Arguments in favor of Prop. 11
Notable arguments that have been made in favor of Prop. 11 include:


2008 California Proposition 11, Supporters, Donors supporting Prop 11
As of September 24, three campaign committees supporting Prop. 11 have filed officially with the Secretary of State's office. Some donors have contributed to more than one of these committees. The largest donors altogether are:


2008 California Proposition 11, Supporters, City of Pasadena endorses
On Monday, March 10, 2008 the Pasadena City Council became the first California city to endorse the proposition.


2008 California Proposition 11, Supporters, Path to the ballot
Kimball Petition Management was paid $2,332,988 from two separate campaign committees to collect signatures to put this measure on the ballot. Signatures to qualify the measure for the California 2008 ballot measures|November 2008 ballot were submitted to election officials on May 6, 2008. On June 17, the California Secretary of State announced that a check of the signatures had established that the measure qualifies for the ballot.,


2008 California Proposition 11, Supporters, Supporters file campaign financing complaint
In late August, supporters of Prop. 11 filed a complaint with the Fair Political Practices Commission because the California Correctional Peace Officers Association—a group that opposes Prop. 11—gave contributions totaling $577,000 to the Leadership California committee, which is a campaign committee associated with state senate leader Don Perata. The Prop. 11 group said that it was wrong for the police officers union to give the money to the Perata committee rather than directly to the No on 11, and also alleged that the police union was trying to curry favor with Perata. Days later, the FPPC took the rare step of rejecting the complaint without conducting an investigation.


2008 California Proposition 11, Opposition
The official committee set up to oppose Proposition 11 was called "Citizens for Accountability; No on Proposition 11". Paul Hefner is the spokesman for the "No on 11" effort.


2008 California Proposition 11, Opposition, Arguments against Prop. 11
Arguments that have been claimed in opposition to Prop. 11 include:


2008 California Proposition 11, Opposition, Democrat against Democrat
Kathay Feng, the main author of the initiative, and director of California Common Cause, said in late June that since the measure qualified for the ballot and the California Democratic Party had announced its opposition, there had been an attempt to bring everybody into line and to encourage those in support of the measure to oppose it.


2008 California Proposition 11, Opposition, Donations to opposition campaign
As of September 24, the opposition committee, "Citizens for Accountability; No on 11", had raised $350,000:


2008 California Proposition 11, Polling information
A poll released on July 22, 2008 by Field Poll showed Proposition 11 with 42% support and 30% opposition. A late August poll released by the Public Policy Institute of California showed Prop. 11 with 39% of voters in support.


2008 California Proposition 12
Proposition 12 appeared on the November 4, 2008 ballot in California. It is also known as the Veterans' Bond Act of 2008. The measure was legislatively referred to the ballot in Senate Bill 1572. The primary sponsor of SB 1572 was Senator Mark Wyland, R-Carlsbad. The vote to place the measure on the ballot was passed unanimously in both the California state senate (39-0) and assembly (75-0).


2008 California Proposition 12
The ballot proposition passed in November and it authorizes issuance of $900 million in bonds to create a fund to assist veterans who are purchasing farms, homes and mobile home properties.


2008 California Proposition 12, Fiscal impact
The non-partisan California Legislative Analyst's Office estimated the proposition will result in "costs of about $1.8 billion to pay off both the principal ($900 million) and interest ($856 million) on the bonds; costs paid by participating veterans. Average payment for principal and interest of about $59 million per year for 30 years."


2008 California Proposition 12, History of veterans' bonds in California
California began the veterans' home loan programs in 1922. California voters have subsequently been asked 27 times to fund the program and have voted "yes" all 26 times, for a total of $8.4 billion in the past. The 2008 effort was the 27th time voters were asked to support the program. Prop. 12's request for $900 million is the largest request for a Cal-Vet bond.


2008 California Proposition 1A
Proposition 1A (or the Safe, Reliable High-Speed Passenger Train Bond Act for the 21st Century) is a law that was approved by California voters in the November 2008 state elections. It was a ballot proposition and bond measure that allocated funds for the California High-Speed Rail Authority. It now forms Chapter 20 of the California Streets and Highways Code.


2008 California Proposition 1A, Background
The proposition was put before voters by the state legislature. It was originally to appear on the 2004 state election ballot, but was delayed to the 2006 state election because of budgetary concerns raised by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger. In January 2006, the Governor omitted the initial funds for the project from his $222.6 billion Public Works Bond for the next 10 years. The Governor did include $14.3 million in the 2006-07 budget for the California High-Speed Rail Authority, enough for it to begin some preliminary engineering and detailed study. The proposition was delayed again from 2006 to 2008 to avoid competition with a large infrastructure bond, Proposition 1B, which passed in 2006.


2008 California Proposition 1A, Background
The original proposition would have appeared in the 2008 general election as Proposition 1, but the state legislature enacted Assembly Bill 3034, which replaced that measure with an updated proposal called Proposition 1A. The updated measure included an additional funding requirement and oversight.


2008 California Proposition 1A, Provisions
The law allocates $9.95 billion to the California High-Speed Rail Authority. Of that sum, $9 billion will be used to construct the core segments of the rail line from San Francisco to the Los Angeles area and the rest will be spent on improvements to local railroad systems that will connect locations away from the high-speed rail mainline to the high-speed system. The project also requires federal matching funds, since the $9.95 billion bond covers only part of the estimated cost of the initial core segment. The money will be raised through general obligation bonds that are paid off over a period of 30 years.


2008 California Proposition 1A, Supporters
The following people were listed in the official voter information guide  as supporters:


2008 California Proposition 1A, Opponents
The following people were listed in the official voter information guide  as opponents:


2008 California Proposition 2
Proposition 2 was a California ballot proposition in that state's general election on November 4, 2008. It passed with 63% of the votes in favor and 37% against. Submitted to the Secretary of State as the Prevention of Farm Animal Cruelty Act, the initiative's name (as with others such as Proposition 8) was amended to officially be known as the Standards for Confining Farm Animals initiative. The official title of the statute enacted by the proposition is the Prevention of Farm Animal Cruelty Act.


2008 California Proposition 2
The proposition adds a chapter to Division 20 of the California Health and Safety Code , to prohibit the confinement of certain farm animals in a manner that does not allow them to turn around freely, lie down, stand up, and fully extend their limbs. The measure deals with three types of confinement: veal crates, battery cages, and sow gestation crates.


2008 California Proposition 2
Having been passed by the voters on November 4, 2008, the key portion of the statute became operative on January 1, 2015. Farming operations had until that date to implement the new space requirements for their animals, and the statute now prohibits animals in California from being confined in a proscribed manner.


2008 California Proposition 2
Few veal and pig factory farm operations exist in California, so Proposition 2 mostly affects farmers who raise California's 15 million egg-laying hens.


2008 California Proposition 2
The California Secretary of State's summary from the Official Voter Information Guide of Proposition 2 is as follows:


2008 California Proposition 2
Summary of Legislative Analyst's Estimate of Net State and Local Government Fiscal Impact:


2008 California Proposition 2, Similar legislation attempted in California and other states
The Humane Society and other animal protection advocates have been working with the California legislature over the last twenty years to achieve the passage of laws to prohibit cruel treatment of farm animals. They say that the bills for animal protection that they supported have been repeatedly killed in committees where agribusiness has great power.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
Animals under stress, including the stress of intensive confinement, have compromised immune systems, and thus higher levels of pathogens such as Salmonella in their intestines.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Stringent procedures for cleaning and inspecting eggs were implemented in the 1970s and have made salmonellosis caused by external fecal contamination of egg shells extremely rare. However, unlike eggborne salmonellosis of past decades, the current epidemic is due to intact and disinfected grade A eggs. The reason for this is that Salmonella enteritidis silently infects the ovaries of healthy appearing hens and contaminates the eggs before the shells are formed." Supporters of Proposition 2 claim that giving egg-hens more space can prevent this type of outbreak.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
Contrarily, previous research suggests that eggs from modern housing systems have superior structural integrity in their shells, allowing for greater resistance to penetration by the Salmonella Enteritidis pathogen and decreasing the risk of egg contamination. On the other hand, the infection of free-range hens in the California study was caused via the "fecal-oral route through contamination of the feed through feces" from rodents that had easy access to these hens. In addition to being more vulnerable to exposure from rodents, free-range hens did not have the same level of manure management as those hens kept in modern housing systems.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
This is because the hens housed indoors had a manure belt that ran under their enclosures and transported the feces to collection receptacles, common to modern housing systems in California. On the other hand, according to a report by the Rural Industries Research & Development Corporation, the total number of bacteria on free-range eggs is 15 times greater than that found on eggs from modern housing systems. The Rural Industries report also postulates that the very construction of the indoor housing systems precludes the possibility of poultry and rodents existing closely, thereby potentially decreasing the possibility of cross-infection.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
Supporters of Proposition 2 say that increased density of birds in battery cages leads to increased incidence of Salmonella in eggs. They also say that housing battery cages are very difficult to keep clean and are often infested by large numbers of flies and rats.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
However, opponents of Prop 2 say that modern housing effectively separates "feces and other fluids" from eggs, and that Prop 2 would "effectively ban modern housing". The opponents go on to say that "there has not been a reported case of salmonella linked to California eggs in nearly a decade" - but noting that people get salmonella from eggs that are produced outside of California every year . Their claim about salmonella cases linked to California eggs is supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
An article entitled "The pros and cons of cages" published in the World's Poultry Science Journal in 2001 concludes that cages result in increased hygiene and lower incidence of disease related to feces, but can result in higher rates of metabolic disorders.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
A recent undercover investigation of Norco Ranch (a Southern California egg ranch) was completed in August and September 2008. That investigation discovered badly decomposed chicken carcasses in the same cages with hens which were still laying eggs for human consumption. The organization that performed the undercover investigation, Mercy for Animals, released the  to the public whereupon the video and the investigation received wide coverage in the news media. Proponents of Prop 2 imply that  was a major factor in these bird's deaths. However, Prop 2 opponents assert that Norco Ranch was in violation of many California laws already in place.


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
A 2004 study of California egg farms in the journal Avian Diseases finds comparatively low Salmonella prevalence in indoor housing systems, commonly used in California, as compared to cage-free and free-range housing systems. The researchers state that this low Salmonella prevalence in California egg farms reflects the "distinct geographic, climatic, production and management characteristics"  of the state's egg farms. 98 percent of egg farms adhere to the California Egg Quality Assurance Plan, which is a pathogen reduction program for Salmonella in California. The study states, "The highest prevalence [was] in the free-range birds kept on the dirt floors."


2008 California Proposition 2, Health and food safety
The California study notes that "feral cats, rodents, skunks, opossums, wild birds, and other wildlife" were seen near the free-range hens’ feeding areas, and that rodents "were considered to be the biological vectors and amplifiers" of salmonella on the egg farm in the study. A 2003 study from the Journal of Applied Microbiology and a study published in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology support the conclusion that wild animals are a significant and dangerous vector for salmonella.