2002 Washington Redskins season
The 2002 season was the Washington Redskins' 71st in the National Football League (NFL) and their 66th representing Washington, D.C. They failed to improve on their 8–8 record from 2001, finishing at 7–9. For cornerback Darrell Green, this was his 20th and final season with the team.


2002 Washington Redskins season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 1 vs. Arizona Cardinals
The Redskins hosted their now-former division foe in the Cardinals’ first season in the revamped NFC West. In Steve Spurrier’s debut as Skins coach his “Fun & Gun” offense put up 442 yards in a 31-23 win. Shane Matthews erupted to three touchdowns while Jake Plummer of the Cardinals was held to just fourteen completions.


2002 Washington Redskins season, Regular season, Game summaries, Monday Night Football vs. Philadelphia Eagles
Spurrier’s “Fun & Gun” was hammered 37-7 as Matthews completed just ten passes and Danny Wuerffel was sacked four times. At one point the exasperated Spurrier was caught on ABC cameras flapping his gums, a scene replayed in slow motion.


2002 Washington State Cougars football team
The 2002 Washington State Cougars football team represented Washington State University in the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was led by fourteenth-year head coach Mike Price, and played its home games on campus at Martin Stadium in Pullman, Washington.


2002 Washington State Cougars football team
Washington State was 10–2 in the regular season and 7–1 in the Pac-10, co-champions with USC. They defeated the Trojans in overtime in early October, but lost to unranked Washington in triple overtime in the Apple Cup at Pullman; WSU regrouped and beat UCLA by three touchdowns two weeks later. The seventh-ranked Cougars were invited to the Rose Bowl on New Year's Day, but were soundly defeated by the Oklahoma Sooners, and dropped to tenth in the final rankings.


2002 Washington State Cougars football team
The Rose Bowl was the final game for Price at WSU; he left for Alabama, but never coached a game for the Crimson Tide. Longtime defensive coordinator Bill Doba was promoted to head coach for 2003, and he led the Cougar program for five years.


2002 Washington State Cougars football team, Game summaries, USC
Washington State's first win over USC in Pullman in sixteen years.


2002 Washington, D.C. mayoral election
The 2002 Washington, D.C. mayoral election occurred on Tuesday November 5, 2002, with incumbent Democratic mayor Anthony A. Williams easily defeating Carol Schwartz, the Republican nominee. Both the Democratic primary and the Republican primary elections were held on September 10, 2002. Williams not only won the Democratic primary but also received the most votes in the Republican primary. Because Washington, D.C., law prevents a candidate from being nominated by more than one party, Carol Schwartz was chosen as the Republican nominee by local party leaders.


2002 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 2002 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 102nd staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. The championship began on 26 April 2002 and ended on 10 November 2002.


2002 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
On 6 October 2002, Mount Sion won the championship after a 1-19 to 2-14 defeat of Ballygunner in the final at Walsh Park. It was their 32nd championship title overall and their first title since 2000.


2002 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
Ballyduff Lower's James Cuddihy was the championship's top scorer with 2-25.


2002 Watford Borough Council election
Elections to Watford Borough Council were held on 2 May 2002. One third of the council was up for election and the  council stayed under no overall control. At the same time an election for a directly elected mayor was held, which was won by the Liberal Democrat Dorothy Thornhill.


2002 Waveney District Council election
The 2002 Waveney Council election took place on 2 May 2002 to elect members of Waveney District Council in Suffolk, England. The whole council was up for election with boundary changes since the last election in 2000. The Labour Party lost overall control of the council to no overall control.


2002 Webby Awards
The 6th Annual Webby Awards was held on June 21, 2002, at San Francisco's Legion of Honor auditorium. It was presented by the International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences and was hosted by Tiffany Shlain, the Webby Awards' founder, and Maya Draisin. Coming on the heels of the dot-com bubble (which led to a reduced 2001 awards ceremony), a 2002 Internet bubble forced cutbacks in the event budget for this ceremony as well.


2002 Welsh Open (snooker)
The 2002 Regal Welsh Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament that took place between 23 and 27 January 2002 at the Cardiff International Arena in Cardiff, Wales.


2002 Welsh Open (snooker)
Paul Hunter defeated Ken Doherty 9–7 in the final to win his second ranking title. The final was a repeat of the previous year's tournament in which Ken Doherty defeated Paul Hunter 9–2.


2002 Welsh Open (snooker), Tournament summary
Defending champion Ken Doherty was the number 1 seed with World Champion Ronnie O'Sullivan seeded 2. The remaining places were allocated to players based on the world rankings.


2002 Welwyn Hatfield District Council election
The 2002 Welwyn Hatfield District Council election took place on 2 May 2002 to elect members of Welwyn Hatfield District Council in Hertfordshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Conservative Party gained overall control of the council from the Labour Party.


2002 Welwyn Hatfield District Council election, Election result
The results saw the Conservatives win a majority of 4 on the council after gaining 3 seats from Labour. The Conservatives gained seats in Hatfield West and Sherrards wards, as well as one of the 2 seats being contested in Hatfield North, where 3 recounts were needed to separate the top 4 candidates who all finished within 17 votes of each other. The Liberal Democrats failed to win any seats, but came second in 4 wards and were within 22 votes of the Conservative winner in Handside ward. Overall turnout in the election was 35.3%, a rise of about 3% on the 2000 election after all voters were able to get postal votes for the first time.


2002 West Asian Games
The 2002 West Asian Games was the second edition of the multi-sport event for countries in West Asia and was held in Kuwait City from 3 to 12 April 2002.


2002 West Asian Games
The competition was initially expected to be organised in Qatar in 1999, but due to unforeseen circumstances, the Games were not held. The Games were then expected to be held in Lebanon in 2001, but were then cancelled and relocated to Kuwait. The 2nd West Asian Games were expected to be held from 20 to 30 October 2001, but due to armed conflicts in the region, they had to be postponed. Finally, the 2nd West Asian Games were held the following year in Kuwait City.


2002 West Asian Games
The athletes from twelve nations participated ten sports. Iraq did not participate and no competitions were held for women.


2002 West Bengal cyclone
The 2002 West Bengal cyclone (JTWC designation: 03B, officially known as Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 03) was a deadly tropical cyclone that affected India and Bangladesh in November 2002. The sixth tropical cyclone and fourth cyclonic storm of the 2002 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, it developed in the Bay of Bengal northeast of Sri Lanka on November 10, as a tropical depression. After tracking northeast, the system strengthened into a cyclonic storm on November 11, as maximum sustained winds exceeded 65 km/h (40 mph). On November 12, it further intensified into a severe cyclonic storm. Later that day, the storm made landfall on Sagar Island in West Bengal with winds of 100 km/h (60 mph). After moving inland, it rapidly weakened and dissipated over Bangladesh on November 12.


2002 West Bengal cyclone
Rough seas offshore Odisha caused two fishing trawlers to collide, resulting in 18 fatalities, while two additional trawlers were reported missing. In West Bengal, the storm uprooted trees and dropped heavy rainfall. Throughout India, 124 deaths were confirmed. Strong winds and heavy rainfall in Bangladesh impacted many cities and villages, including the capital city of Dhaka, forcing thousands to evacuate. Ten wooden trawlers carrying 150 men sank offshore Bangladesh, with only 11 reaching safety. Eight additional boats with 60 occupants were reported missing. One death was reported in Bangladesh after a man attempted to cross a swollen river. Overall, there were 49 fatalities in Bangladesh. The storm was attributed to at least 173 fatalities in India, Bangladesh, and offshore areas.


2002 West Bengal cyclone, Meteorological history
Around 0300 UTC on November 10, a depression developed in the southwestern Bay of Bengal. Three hours later, a bulletin from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) indicated that BOB 03 formed about 265 km (165 mi) east-southeast of Chennai, India. The system steadily intensified and headed northeastward. At 1200 UTC on November 11, the depression reached gale force and was upgraded to Cyclonic Storm BOB 03. At that time, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) initiated warnings on Tropical Cyclone 03B. Further strengthening briefly slowed later on November 11. However, early on the following day, the storm resumed intensification.


2002 West Bengal cyclone, Meteorological history
At 0600 UTC on November 12, BOB 03 became a severe cyclonic storm and reached its maximum sustained wind speed of 100 km/h (60 mph), in addition to an estimated minimum barometric pressure of 984 mbar (29.1 inHg). However, the Regional Meteorological Centre (RMC) in Kolkata, India bulletin at 0530 UTC on November 12, reported maximum sustained winds of only 55–75 km/h (35–45 mph). At 0900 UTC on November 12, it made landfall near Sagar Island, West Bengal with winds of 100 km/h (60 mph). Shortly after moving inland, the storm rapidly weakened to a depression. The JTWC issued their final advisory on the storm at 1200 UTC on November 12, while it was centered about 200 km (125 mi) northeast of Kolkata. However, the IMD tracked the cyclone until about six hours later, at which time it dissipated over eastern India.


2002 West Bengal cyclone, Impact
As the storm approached, residents of low-lying areas were advised to seek shelter. According to the Odisha State Disaster Management Authority, the communication system had been activated and collectors in coastal districts were given satellite telephones. Additionally, district authorities collected food, water, and other essential emergency supplies. Offshore Odisha, rough seas caused two trawlers to collide, resulting in 18 fatalities; their bodies were later found floating Dhamra Port in the Bhadrak district of Odisha. Two additional trawlers were reported missing. Nine fishing trawlers sank offshore West Bengal, with only 66 fishermen accounted for.


2002 West Bengal cyclone, Impact
Initially, as many as 600 were estimated to have been missing, though 250 people swam back to Digha, where most of them received treatment at either a medical clinic or a hospital. According to the Chief Minister of West Bengal, 111 people were still missing offshore West Bengal by late on November 12. Forty-nine fatalities were confirmed offshore India, while two deaths occurred inland in West Bengal. Later, the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters raised the death toll to 124.


2002 West Bengal cyclone, Impact
Prime Minister of Bangladesh Khaleda Zia urged senior officials in Dhaka and coastal districts to prepare for the storm. Officials in Chittagong asked that all 24 ships be moved out of the harbor and river channel. In coastal areas, thousands of Red Crescent volunteers reported for duty in order to assist vulnerable villages in preparation of the storm. Winds destroyed bamboo huts, uprooted trees, and disrupted road transport between towns and villages on the shore of the Bay of Bengal. Torrential rainfall in the area flooded dozens of villages, forcing thousands to evacuate.


2002 West Bengal cyclone, Impact
Heavy precipitation also lashed the capital city of Dhaka, inundating streets, which caused a shutdown of electricity and interrupting public transportation. One death was reported after a man drowned while attempting to cross a river in southern Bhola Island. Ten wooden trawlers carrying 150 men sank near Cox's Bazar; only 11 of them were known to have survived. An additional eight fishing boats transporting 60 people was reported missing off of Barisal Division. By November 15, 47 fishing vessels were still unaccounted for. A navy motor boat also sunk near Kutubdia, though its six crew members swam ashore. In the aftermath of the storm, the number of deaths in Bangladesh rose to 49.


2002 West Bengal cyclone, Impact
Overall, the storm resulted in 173 confirmed fatalities. Officials in West Bengal accused the meteorological offices of issuing warnings too late, as most of the fishermen were already in deep sea areas. Immediately following the storm, the Indian Red Cross Society and the Participating National Societies began to assess the situation and plan. At a warehouse in Salt Lake City, Kolkata, the Indian Red Cross Society prepared to distribute 2,000 tarpaulins, 2,000 blankets, 200 kitchen sets, and 20,000 mosquito nets.


2002 West Coast Conference Baseball Championship Series
The 2002 West Coast Conference Baseball Championship Series was held on May 24–26, 2002 at Pepperdine's home field, Eddy D. Field Stadium in Malibu, California, and pitted the winners of the conference's two four-team divisions. The event determined the champion of the West Coast Conference for the 2002 NCAA Division I baseball season. San Diego won the series two games to one over Pepperdine and earned the league's automatic bid to the 2002 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament.


2002 West Coast Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 2002 West Coast Conference Men's Basketball Tournament took place on March 2–4, 2002. All rounds were held in San Diego, California at the Jenny Craig Pavilion. The semifinals were televised by ESPN2. The West Coast Conference Championship Game was televised by ESPN.


2002 West Coast Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The Gonzaga Bulldogs earned their fourth straight WCC Tournament title and an automatic bid to the 2002 NCAA Tournament. Dan Dickau of Gonzaga was named Tournament MVP for the second straight year.


2002 West Coast Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
With eight teams participating, all eight teams were placed into the first round, with teams seeded and paired based on regular-season records. After the first round, teams were re-seeded so the highest-remaining team was paired with the lowest-remaining time in one semifinal with the other two teams slotted into the other semifinal.


2002 West Lancashire District Council election
The 2002 West Lancashire District Council election took place on 2 May 2002 to elect members of West Lancashire District Council in Lancashire, England. The whole council was up for election with boundary changes since the last election in 2000 reducing the number of seats by 1. The Conservative party gained overall control of the council from Labour.


2002 West Lancashire District Council election, Campaign
Before the election Labour had 25 seats on the council, compared to 23 for the Conservatives. All the seats were being contested for the first time since 1974 after boundary changes had taken place. Among the candidates there was a record number of independents at 12, with 6 of them having defected from Labour.


2002 West Lancashire District Council election, Campaign
Issues in the election including transport, housing and leisure facilities. The Labour party said they were the only party that had the experience to run the council and pledged to remove charges for pensioners for pest control. However the Conservatives pledged to improve services, increase recycling, keep parking charges low, form partnerships with private firms to improve facilities, while making efficiency savings.


2002 West Lancashire District Council election, Election result
The results saw the Conservatives gain control of the council after winning 30 seats compared to 24 for Labour. The Conservatives won the seats in Ormskirk, while Labour held the seats in Skelmersdale. However the former Labour chairman of the council, Andrew Johnson, was defeated in the election in Aughton and Downholland ward after his former seat of Downholland was merged with the more Conservative Aughton in the boundary changes. All of the independent candidates were defeated in the election, which saw an overall turnout of 32.5%.


2002 West Lindsey District Council election
Elections to West Lindsey District Council were held on 2 May 2002. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.


2002 West Oxfordshire District Council election
The 2002 West Oxfordshire District Council election took place on 2 May 2002 to elect members of West Oxfordshire District Council in Oxfordshire, England. The whole council was up for election with boundary changes since the last election in 2000. The Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.


2002 West Oxfordshire District Council election, Background
Before the election the Conservatives had a two-seat majority with 25 councillors, while the Liberal Democrats had 12 seats, Independents had nine, the Labour Party had two seats and one seat was vacant. Boundary changes took place for the 2002 election with the whole council being elected for the first time since 1976. Only seven wards had no boundary change and the number of councillors for Witney increased from 9 to 12.


2002 West Oxfordshire District Council election, Background
A total of 108 candidates stood for the 49 seats on the council, 46 Conservatives, 27 Liberal Democrats, 18 Labour, 10 independents, 6 Green Party and 1 United Kingdom Independence Party. 39 councillors sought re-election, with the Conservative group leader Barry Norton being re-elected in North Leigh without opposition.


2002 West Oxfordshire District Council election, Election result
The Conservative majority on the council increased to 15, after 32 Conservative councillors were elected. 35 of the 39 councillors who sought election were re-elected, with the Liberal Democrats taking 10 seats, independents 5 seats and Labour kept the 2 seats they had been defending. The Green Party failed to win any seats, with 324 votes in fourth place in Witney North being their best result. Overall turnout at the election was 39%.


2002 West Virginia Mountaineers football team
The 2002 West Virginia Mountaineers football team completed the regular season with a 9–4 record and traveled to the Continental Tire Bowl, where they lost to the Virginia Cavaliers 48–22. They finished with a ranking of 25/20.


2002 West Virginia Mountaineers football team
WVU's 9–4 record marked the biggest one-season turnaround in Big East Conference history, after posting a 3–8 record the previous season.


2002 West Virginia Mountaineers football team, 2002 season
Rasheed Marshall was the starting quarterback for the Mountaineers. He led the team with 1616 passing yards and 9 touchdowns. Leading the team in rushing was Avon Cobourne with 1710 net yards. Miquelle Henderson led the team in receiving with 40 receptions for 496 yards.


2002 West Virginia Mountaineers football team, 2002 season
The home opener for the West Virginia Mountaineers was against Chattanooga, in which the Mountaineers won handily 56–7. In the second game of the season, WVU played at Wisconsin, where they lost 34–17. They then traveled to Cincinnati, where they beat the Bearcats 35–32.


2002 West Virginia Mountaineers football team, 2002 season
They then defeated East Carolina by a 37–17 margin at home. They got demolished at home by ACC powerhouse Maryland 17–48. They then traveled to Rutgers, where they won handily 40–0. The next game was a 34–17 home win over Syracuse.


2002 West Virginia Mountaineers football team, 2002 season
They played host to the number 1 team in the land, the Miami Hurricanes, but lost by a 23–40 count. They played at Temple, and blew out the Owls 46–20. A home game against Boston College resulted in a 24–14 Mountaineer victory. Their next game was against Virginia Tech, where they won 21–18, in Blacksburg.


2002 West Virginia Mountaineers football team, 2002 season
On November 30, they played at archrival Pitt in the Backyard Brawl, and won 24–17. In the Continental Tire Bowl, they lost to the Virginia Cavaliers 22–48 to finish the season.


2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters
The 2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 101st edition of the Cincinnati Masters and was part of the Tennis Masters Series of the 2002 ATP Tour. It took place at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio in the United States from August 5 through August 12, 2002.


2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters
The tournament had previously appeared as part of Tier III of the WTA Tour but no event was held from 1989 to 2003.


2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters, Finals, Doubles
James Blake /  Todd Martin defeated  Mahesh Bhupathi /  Max Mirnyi 7–5, 6–3


2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters – Doubles
Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Bhupathi with Max Mirnyi and Paes with Michael Hill.


2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters – Doubles
Hill and Paes lost in the first round to Ivan Ljubičić and Andrei Pavel.


2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters – Doubles
Bhupathi and Mirnyi lost in the final 7–5, 6–3 against James Blake and Todd Martin.


2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters – Singles
Gustavo Kuerten was the defending champion but lost in the first round to Tim Henman.


2002 Western & Southern Financial Group Masters – Singles
Carlos Moyá won in the final 7–5, 7–6(7–5) against Lleyton Hewitt.


2002 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football team
The 2002 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football team represented Western Kentucky University in the 2002 NCAA Division I-AA football season and were led by head coach Jack Harbaugh in his 14th, and final, season as head coach. They claimed a share of the Gateway Football Conference championship and made the school’s third straight appearance in the NCAA Division I-AA playoffs. After a rocky start, the team rallied to win their last 10 games including the 2002 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game, beating McNeese State, 34–14, in Chattanooga, Tennessee. The Hilltoppers finished the season ranked number 1 in both final 1AA postseason national polls.


2002 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football team
This team won the school’s first NCAA team championship and tied the school record for victories. Their roster included future NFL players Sherrod Coates, Jeremi Johnson, and Brian Claybourn, as well as future NFL coach Jason Michael. Coates, Chris Price, and Buster Ashley were named to the AP All American team and Harbuagh was named AFCA National Coach Of The Year. The All Conference team included Ashley, Coates, Price, Jeremy Chandler, Erik Dandy, Jon Frazier, and Daniel Withrow.


2002 Western Michigan Broncos football team
The 2002 Western Michigan Broncos football team represented Western Michigan University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their sixth season under head coach Gary Darnell, the Broncos compiled a 4–8 record (3–5 against MAC opponents), finished in fifth place in the MAC's West Division, and were outscored by their opponents, 330 to 303. The team played its home games in Waldo Stadium in Kalamazoo, Michigan.


2002 Western Michigan Broncos football team
The team's statistical leaders included Chad Munson with 2,160 passing yards, Philip Reed with 1,053 rushing yards, and Jermaine Lewis with 654 receiving yards.


2002 Weymouth and Portland Borough Council election
Elections to Weymouth and Portland Borough Council were held on 2 May 2002. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.


2002 Whitbread Awards
The Whitbread Awards (1971–2005), called Costa Book Awards since 2006, are literary awards in the United Kingdom, awarded both for high literary merit but also for works considered enjoyable reading. This page gives details of the awards given in the year 2002. The 2002 Whitbread Book of the Year Awards was a book award ceremony that took place in 2002.


2002 Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to Wigan Council were held on 2 May 2002, with one-third of the council to be re-elected. There had been a number of by-elections in the gap year, with a Labour gain from the Liberal Democrats in Hindsford, effectively cancelling out an earlier loss to them in Atherton. A Labour hold in Hope Carr in-between left both parties unchanged going into the election.


2002 Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council election
Candidates contesting rose slightly on the prior election's, with the Socialist Alliance's debut eclipsing the Liberal Democrat offering, with 9 candidates to 8, and the newly formed Community Action Party fielding their first handful, as well as a sole BNP contender in Abram. This counteracted the traditional opposition parties - the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats - fielding slightly less this year and one fewer Independent contester than the last election.


2002 Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council election
The worrying string of poor turnout seen in recent elections was partially reversed, as turnout rose by a quarter upon the 2000s figure of 19.5%, to 25.2%. The Conservatives and the Independents fell back from their impressive performances in 2000, to the benefit of the newcomers, with Community Action immediately gaining two seats in the previously-unblemished Labour strongholds of Bryn and Lightshaw. Labour successfully defended Orrell from another Tory gain, but suffered a loss in the former Conservative bastion of Swinley, with the Conservatives holding representation in Orrell and Swinley for the first time in just shy of twenty years. Elsewhere, the Lib Dems comfortably captured another seat in Hindsford. These gains reverted Labour's majority to a more normative 58, ending their five-year peak.


2002 Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council election, Election result
This result had the following consequences for the total number of seats on the Council after the elections:


2002 Wigan Warriors season
This article outlines the 2002 season for the British rugby league club Wigan Warriors. This season saw them compete in the Super League and Challenge Cup.


2002 Wigan Warriors season, League Table
Source: . Classification: 1st on competition points; 2nd on match points difference. Competition points: for win = 2; for draw = 1; for loss = 0.


2002 Wildwater Canoeing World Championships
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Kasper2006 (talk | contribs) at 10:52, 31 March 2020 (→C2). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


2002 Wildwater Canoeing World Championships
The 2002 Wildwater Canoeing World Championships was the 23rd edition of the global wildwater canoeing competition, Wildwater Canoeing World Championships, organised by the International Canoe Federation.


2002 Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Pioneers season
The 2002 Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Pioneers season was the team's first season. The team finished with a 6–10 record under head coach Terry Karg, finishing fourth out of five in the American Conference Northeast Division; they did not go to the playoffs. Following the season, Karg resigned as head coach.


2002 William & Mary Tribe football team
The 2002 William & Mary Tribe football team represented the College of William & Mary as member of the Atlantic 10 Conference (A-10) during the 2002 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by Jimmye Laycock in his 23rd year as head coach, William & Mary finished the season with an overall record of 6–5 and a mark of 5–4 in A-10 play, placing fifth.


2002 Wimbledon Championships
The 2002 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London in the United Kingdom. It was the 116th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 24 June to 7 July 2002. It was the third Grand Slam tennis event of the year.


2002 Wimbledon Championships
Goran Ivanišević did not defend his title this year. Lleyton Hewitt, the World No.1, defeated David Nalbandian in the final in straight sets to win his second Grand Slam title and first Wimbledon title. He became the first Australian since Pat Cash in 1987 to win Wimbledon. Venus Williams was unsuccessful in her title defence, being defeated in the final by her younger sister Serena in the women's final.


2002 Wimbledon Championships, Prize money
The total prize money for 2002 championships was £8,825,320. The winner of the men's title earned £525,000 while the women's singles champion earned £486,000.


2002 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Seniors, Men's Doubles
Jonas Björkman /  Todd Woodbridge defeated  Mark Knowles /  Daniel Nestor, 6–1, 6–2, 6–7(7-9), 7–5


2002 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Seniors, Women's Doubles
Serena Williams /  Venus Williams defeated  Virginia Ruano Pascual /  Paola Suárez, 6–2, 7–5


2002 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Seniors, Mixed Doubles
Mahesh Bhupathi /  Elena Likhovtseva defeated  Kevin Ullyett /  Daniela Hantuchová, 6–2, 1–6, 6–1


2002 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Juniors, Boys' Doubles
Florin Mergea /  Horia Tecău defeated  Brian Baker /  Rajeev Ram, 6–4, 4–6, 6–4


2002 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Juniors, Girls' Doubles
Elke Clijsters /  Barbora Strýcová defeated  Ally Baker /  Anna-Lena Grönefeld, 6–4, 5–7, 8–6


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' Doubles
Frank Dancevic and Giovanni Lapentti were the defending champions, but they did not compete in the Juniors this year.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' Doubles
Florin Mergea and Horia Tecău defeated Brian Baker and Rajeev Ram in the final, 6–4, 4–6, 6–4 to win the Boys' Doubles tennis title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' Singles
Roman Valent was the defending champion, but did not complete in the Juniors this year.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' Singles
Todd Reid defeated Lamine Ouahab in the final, 7–6(7-5), 6–4 to win the Boys' Singles tennis title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Girls' Doubles
Gisela Dulko and Ashley Harkleroad were the defending champions, but they did not compete in the Juniors this year.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Girls' Doubles
Elke Clijsters and Barbora Strýcová defeated Ally Baker and Anna-Lena Grönefeld in the final, 6–4, 5–7, 8–6 to win the Girls' Doubles tennis title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Girls' Singles
Angelique Widjaja was the defending champion but did not complete in the Juniors this year.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Girls' Singles
Vera Dushevina defeated Maria Sharapova in the final, 4–6, 6–1, 6–2 to win the Girls' Singles tennis title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Girls' Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles
Donald Johnson and Jared Palmer were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Jonas Björkman and Todd Woodbridge.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles
Björkman and Woodbridge defeated Mark Knowles and Daniel Nestor in the final, 6–1, 6–2, 6–7(7–9), 7–5, to win the Gentlemen's Doubles title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles Qualifying
Players and pairs who neither have high enough rankings nor receive wild cards may participate in a qualifying tournament held one week before the annual Wimbledon Tennis Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles
Lleyton Hewitt defeated David Nalbandian in the final, 6–1, 6–3, 6–2 to win the Gentlemen's Singles tennis title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships. It was his second major title, after winning the 2001 US Open. Hewitt became the first Australian to win the title since Pat Cash in 1987.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles
Goran Ivanišević was the defending champion, but withdrew due to a shoulder surgery and he would not return until 2004. When Hewitt next played at Wimbledon, as defending champion in 2003, he lost in the first round.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles
The tournament was notable for the poor results of the top players. With the exception of Hewitt and world No. 4 Tim Henman, the top 17 seeds were eliminated before the fourth round. This granted relatively unknown players an unusually high chance of success, especially as Hewitt and Henman were in the same half of the draw and played each other in the semifinals.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles
In one of the biggest upsets in Wimbledon history, seven-time champion Pete Sampras was eliminated by George Bastl in the second round, in what would be Sampras' last appearance at Wimbledon. The 1992 champion Andre Agassi suffered a second-round defeat to unseeded Paradorn Srichaphan, while future eight-time champion Roger Federer was defeated in the first round by qualifier Mario Ančić, his last defeat at Wimbledon before his record-tying five straight Wimbledon-titles between 2003 and 2007.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles
This was the last major for 1997 finalist and former world No. 4 Cédric Pioline, losing in the first round to Marat Safin, and the last appearance for 1996 champion Richard Krajicek, reaching the quarterfinals before losing to Xavier Malisse.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
The original #5 seed Tommy Haas withdrew due to personal reasons before the tournament draw was made. All original seeds from 6-32 moved up one place, and a new #32 seed was added.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles Qualifying
Players and pairs who neither have high enough rankings nor receive wild cards may participate in a qualifying tournament held one week before the annual Wimbledon Tennis Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles
Leoš Friedl and Daniela Hantuchová were the defending champions but decided not to play together. Friedl played with Tina Križan and lost in first round to Mike Bryan and Liezel Huber, while Hantuchová competed with Kevin Ullyett.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles
Mahesh Bhupathi and Elena Likhovtseva defeated Ullyett and Hantuchová in the final, 6–2, 1–6, 6–1 to win the Mixed Doubles tennis title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles
Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Anna Kournikova and Chanda Rubin.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles
Serena and Venus Williams defeated Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez in the final, 6–2, 7–5 to win the Ladies' Doubles tennis title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles Qualifying
Players and pairs who neither have high enough rankings nor receive wild cards may participate in a qualifying tournament held one week before the annual Wimbledon Tennis Championships.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles
Serena Williams defeated the two-time defending champion, her sister Venus Williams, in the final, 7–6(7–4), 6–3 to win the Ladies' Singles tennis title at the 2002 Wimbledon Championships. It was her first Wimbledon title, and the second step in completing her first "Serena Slam". She also claimed the WTA world No. 1 singles ranking for the first time after winning this tournament. She achieved the 'Channel Slam' (winning the French Open and Wimbledon in the same year), a feat which she accomplished again in 2015. Serena did not lose a set during the tournament.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


2002 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles Qualifying
Players and pairs who neither have high enough rankings nor receive wild cards may participate in a qualifying tournament held one week before the annual Wimbledon Tennis Championships.


2002 Winchester City Council election
The 2002 Winchester Council election took place on 2 May 2002 to elect members of Winchester District Council in Hampshire, England.


2002 Winchester City Council election
The whole council was up for election with boundary changes since the last election in 2000. The boundary changes were the first since the 1970s and they saw the number of seats increased by 2.


2002 Winchester City Council election
The results saw the Liberal Democrats stay in overall control of the council after retaining 35 seats on the council. However the Liberal Democrat leader of the council, Rodney Sabine, lost his seat in New Alresfords ward. The Conservatives increased their number of councillors from 11 to 14, while Labour lost 1 to only hold 3 seats. Voter turnout was higher than nationally, with over 50% voting in 4 wards.


2002 Winnipeg Blue Bombers season
The 2002 Winnipeg Blue Bombers finished in second place in the West Division with a 12–6 record. Due to the Ottawa Renegades entering the league, the Blue Bombers moved back to the West Division. They appeared in the West Final, but lost to the Edmonton Eskimos.


2002 Winnipeg municipal election
The 2002 Winnipeg municipal election was held on 23 October 2002 to elect a mayor, councillors and school trustees in the city of Winnipeg.


2002 Winnipeg municipal election
Glen Murray, the city's centre-left mayor, was re-elected to a second term over challenger Al Golden.


2002 Winnipeg municipal election, Results, School trustees
Electors could vote for three candidates. The percentages are determined in relation to the total number of votes.


2002 Winnipeg municipal election, Results, School trustees
Electors could vote for two candidates. Percentages are determined in relation to the total number of votes.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal
The 2002 Olympic Winter Games bid scandal was a scandal involving allegations of bribery used to win the rights to host the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. Prior to its successful bid in 1995, the city had attempted four times to secure the games, failing each time. In 1998, members of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) were accused of taking gifts from the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC) during the bidding process. The allegations resulted in the expulsion of several IOC members, and the adoption of new IOC rules.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal
Although nothing strictly illegal had been done, it was felt that the acceptance of the gifts was morally dubious. Soon four independent investigations were underway: by the IOC, the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), the SLOC, and the United States Department of Justice. Both Tom Welch and David Johnson resigned their posts as the head of the SLOC. Many others soon followed. The Department of Justice filed fifteen charges of bribery and fraud. Investigations were also launched into prior bidding process by other cities, finding that members of the IOC received gifts during the bidding process for both the 1998 Winter Olympics and 2000 Summer Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Winning bid
Ogden-born lawyer Tom Welch and a Utah Economic Development Professional, David Johnson, were in charge of the Salt Lake Bid Committee. From 1986 through 1995, they worked on supporting Salt Lake City's bid in Europe, Latin America, and Africa, meeting with the IOC Members and International Sport organizations.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Winning bid
Despite their efforts, the 1998 Games went to Nagano, Japan, in a 46-to-42 vote. Many felt the reason was that the US had recently been awarded the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. Others, including Welch, believed it was because Nagano had better wined and dined the officials. A Salt Lake Olympic Bid Committee member complained about competing with the Japanese bid committee for the 1998 Olympic Winter Games: "We were giving out saltwater taffy and cowboy hats, and they were giving out computers. IOC members who came to inspect Nagano were put up in ritzy hot spring resorts, where they washed down expensive sushi with sake poured by kimono-clad geisha. They went home laden with souvenir gifts and expensive paintings."


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Winning bid
The Nagano Olympic bid committee had spent approximately $14 million on entertaining the 62 IOC Members and many of their companions. The precise figures are not known since Nagano destroyed the financial records after the IOC asked that the entertainment expenditures not be made public. The Melbourne bid committee for the 1996 Summer Olympics discovered the quid pro quo expectations of IOC delegates when they received requests from six African IOC delegates for new cars and sexual favors from local brothels. The requests were denied and the 1996 Summer Olympics went to Atlanta.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Winning bid
More than $16 million was spent on Utah's Olympic bidding. The high costs related to bringing IOC Members to Salt Lake City to see the venues proposed for the Games. This was a priority for the Bid Committee and more than 70 of the 100 Members of the IOC personally visited the city at the Bid Committee's expense. Community Leaders were fully behind the bid. Opportunities were created by Spencer Eccles, Salt Lake Olympic Bid Committee Executive Board Member, for IOC family members to be employed at First Security Corporation Bank. Jim Jardine, Legal Advisor to the Bid Committee, assisted the relatives of IOC Members in gaining admission to the University of Utah, and Intermountain Health Care made medical facilities and treatment available to IOC Members during their visits.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Winning bid
Jon Huntsman, a committee leader, hosted Juan Antonio Samaranch at his lavish Park City home and together with Tom Welch presented President Samaranch with a commemorative Browning Pistol.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Winning bid
In June 1995, 50,000 people gathered outside the Salt Lake City Mayor's office to receive the result of the final announcement.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Scandal
Access to budget documents was routinely denied, Salt Lake City reporters say. In April 1998, the board attempted to safeguard its aura of secrecy by amending its bylaws to stipulate that any member providing the press with confidential information could be dismissed. Frank Joklik was president of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Scandal
The scandal broke on 24 November 1998, when a report came out showing a letter directed to a child of an IOC member indicating the SLOC was paying the child's tuition. Swiss IOC member Marc Hodler, head of the coordination committee overseeing the organization of the 2002 games, made the accusation that a group of members of the IOC had taken bribes since the start of the bidding process in 1990 for the 1996 Olympic games. Soon, four independent investigations were underway, by the IOC, the USOC, the SLOC, and the United States Department of Justice.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Scandal
Before any of the investigations could even get under way, both Welch and Johnson resigned their posts as the head of the SLOC. Many others soon followed, including Joklik in January 1999. The Department of Justice filed charges against the two: fifteen charges of bribery and fraud. Johnson and Welch were eventually acquitted of all criminal charges in December 2003.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Scandal
As part of the investigation, the IOC recommended expelling six IOC members, while continuing the investigation on several others. The six members were Agustin Arroyo of Ecuador, Zein El Abdin Ahmed Abdel Gadir of Sudan, Jean-Claude Ganga of the Republic of Congo, Lamine Keita of Mali, Charles Mukora of Kenya, Sergio Santander Fantini of Chile, and David Sikhulumi Sibandze of Swaziland, though Sibandze resigned during the investigation. Each person was accused of receiving money from the SLOC, either in direct payments, land purchase agreements, tuition assistance, political campaign donations or charitable donations for a local cause.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Scandal
Ten members of the IOC were expelled and another ten were sanctioned. This was the first expulsion or sanction for corruption in the more than a century the IOC had existed. Although nothing strictly illegal had been done, it was felt that the acceptance of the gifts was morally dubious. Stricter rules were adopted for future bids, and ceilings were put into place as to how much IOC members could accept from bid cities. Additionally, new term and age limits were put into place for IOC membership, and fifteen former Olympic athletes were added to the committee.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Scandal
In 2006, a report ordered by the Nagano region's governor said the Japanese city provided millions of dollars in an "illegitimate and excessive level of hospitality" to IOC members, including US$4.4 million spent on entertainment alone.


2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal, Aftermath
Bain Capital founder and CEO Mitt Romney (who eventually went on to become Governor of Massachusetts and United States Senator from Utah) was brought in to head the SLOC. Romney aided in reorganizing the committee, helped to begin fixing the budget, which at the time was US$379 million short, and renewed sponsor enthusiasm. The federal funding accounted for infrastructure improvements only.


2002 Winter Olympics
The 2002 Winter Olympics (officially the XIX Olympic Winter Games and also known as Salt Lake 2002) were an international winter multi-sport event held from February 8 to 24, 2002, in and around Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. Salt Lake City was elected as the host city at the 104th IOC Session in June 1995. The 2002 Winter Games were the eighth Olympics to be hosted by the United States, and the most recent to be held in the country (Los Angeles will host the future 2028 Summer Olympics). The 2002 Winter Olympics and Paralympics were both organized by the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC), marking the first time both events were organized by a single committee.


2002 Winter Olympics
The 2002 Winter Games saw 2,399 athletes from 78 nations participate in 78 events in 15 disciplines. Norway topped the medal table, with 13 gold and 25 medals overall, while Germany finished with the most total medals, winning 36 (with 12 of them gold). United States was third by gold medals and second by overall medals, with 10 and 34, respectively. Australia notably became the first Southern Hemisphere country to ever win gold medals at the Winter Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics
The Games finished with a budgetary surplus of US$40 million, which was used to fund the formation of the Utah Athletic Foundation (which has continued to maintain the facilities built for the Games). The venues used for these Games have been continued to be used for national and international winter sports events, and the United States Olympic Committee has backed the possibility of Salt Lake City bidding for the Winter Games again in the future.


2002 Winter Olympics, Host city selection
Salt Lake City was chosen over Québec City, Canada; Sion, Switzerland; and Östersund, Sweden, on June 16, 1995, at the 104th IOC Session in Budapest, Hungary. Salt Lake City had previously come in second during the bids for the 1998 Winter Olympics, awarded to Nagano, Japan, and had offered to be the provisional host of the 1976 Winter Olympics when the original host, Denver, Colorado, withdrew. The 1976 Winter Olympics were ultimately awarded to Innsbruck, Austria.


2002 Winter Olympics, Host city selection
There was a scandal involving allegations of bribery used to win the rights to the Games. Prior to its successful bid, Salt Lake City had attempted four times to secure the games, failing each time. In 1998, members of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) were accused of taking gifts from the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC) during the bidding process. The allegations resulted in the expulsion of several IOC members and the adoption of new IOC rules. Although nothing strictly illegal had been done, it was felt that the acceptance of the gifts was morally dubious.


2002 Winter Olympics, Host city selection
In addition, legal charges were brought against the leaders of Salt Lake's bid committee by the United States Department of Justice. Investigations were also launched into prior bidding process by other cities, finding that members of the IOC received bribes during the bidding process for both the 1998 Winter Olympics and 2000 Summer Olympics. In response to the scandal, Mitt Romney was hired as the new president and CEO of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Torch relay
The torch relay ceremonially began on November 19, 2001, with the traditional kindling of an Olympic flame in Athens, Greece. On December 3, Greek skier Thanassis Tsailas lit the first torch from the cauldron, and transferred its flame to a ceremonial lantern for transport to Atlanta, where it arrived on December 4 to officially launch the U.S. leg of the relay. The route of the relay covered 13,500 miles (21,700 km), passed through 300 communities and 46 U.S. states, and was carried by 12,012 torchbearers.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Torch relay
The torch was modeled after an icicle, with a slight curve to represent speed and fluidity. The torch measures 33 inches (84 cm) long, 3 inches (7.6 cm) wide at the top, 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) at the bottom, and was designed by Axiom Design of Salt Lake City. It was created with three sections, each with its own meaning and representation.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Budget
In February 1999, in response to the bid scandal and a financial shortfall for the Games, Mitt Romney, then CEO of the private equity firm Bain Capital (and future U.S. presidential candidate, U.S. Senator, and Governor of Massachusetts), was hired as the new president and CEO of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee. Romney, Kem C. Gardner, a Utah commercial real estate developer, and Don Stirling, the Olympics' local marketing chief, raised "millions of dollars from Mormon families with pioneer roots: the Eccles family, whose forebears were important industrialists and bankers" to help rescue the Games, according to a later report.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Budget
An additional US$410 million was received from the federal government. U.S. federal subsidies amounted to $1.3 billion (for infrastructure improvements only), compared to $45 billion of federal funding received by the organizing committee of the 2014 Winter Olympics from the Russian government. The Games were financially successful, raising more money with fewer sponsors than any prior Olympic Games, which left SLOC with a surplus of $40 million. The surplus was used to create the Utah Athletic Foundation, which maintains and operates many of the remaining Olympic venues.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Budget
The Oxford Olympics Study established the outturn cost of the Salt Lake City 2002 Winter Olympics at US$2.5 billion in 2015-dollars and cost overrun at 24% in real terms. This includes sports-related costs only, that is, (i) operational costs incurred by the organizing committee to stage the Games, e.g., expenditures for technology, transportation, workforce, administration, security, catering, ceremonies, and medical services, and (ii) direct capital costs incurred by the host city and country or private investors to build, e.g., the competition venues, the Olympic village, international broadcast center, and media and press center, which are required to host the Games.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Budget
Indirect capital costs are not included, such as for road, rail, or airport infrastructure, or for hotel upgrades or other business investment incurred in preparation for the Games but not directly related to staging the Games. The cost and cost overrun for Salt Lake City 2002 compares with costs of US$2.5 billion and a cost overrun of 13% for Vancouver 2010, and costs of US$51 billion and a cost overrun of 289% for Sochi 2014, the latter being the most costly Olympics to date. The average cost for Winter Games since 1960 is US$3.1 billion, average cost overrun is 142%.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Security
The 2002 Winter Games were the first Olympic Games to take place since September 11, 2001, which meant a higher level of security than ever before provided for the Games. As a result, the Office of Homeland Security (OHS) designated the Olympics a National Special Security Event (NSSE). Aerial surveillance and radar control was provided by the U.S. Marines of Marine Air Control Squadron 2, Detachment C, from Cherry Point, North Carolina. The FBI and NSA arranged with Qwest Communications to use intercept equipment for a period of less than six months around the time of the 2002 Winter Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Security
When he spoke during the opening ceremonies, Jacques Rogge, presiding over his first Olympics as the IOC president, told the athletes of the United States:


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Security
Your nation is overcoming a horrific tragedy, a tragedy that has affected the whole world. We stand united with you in the promotion of our common ideals and hope for world peace.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Venues
Work on venues for the 2002 Winter Olympics began as early as 1989, following the passing of a state referendum that authorized the use of taxpayer money to publicly fund the construction of new facilities for a Winter Olympics bid in 1998 or 2002. Their construction was overseen by the Salt Lake Olympic Bid Committee and the Utah Sports Authority—a body created under the referendum.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Venues
New facilities built for the Games included the Utah Olympic Oval in Kearns, Utah Olympic Park in Summit County, The Ice Sheet at Ogden, and Soldier Hollow at the Wasatch Mountain State Park—the furthest competition venue from Salt Lake City. The E Center in West Valley City and the Peaks Ice Arena in Provo were also built with support from the SLOC, and co-hosted hockey.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Venues
Delta Center hosted figure skating and short track speed skating; it was renamed Salt Lake Ice Center for the duration of the Games due to IOC rules. Rice-Eccles Stadium at the University of Utah hosted the opening and closing ceremonies. The Olympic Village was built at historic Fort Douglas, whose land had been acquired by the University of Utah to construct new residences. The SLOC provided funding to the project in exchange for its use during the Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Venues
Main Street in Park City was converted into a pedestrian plaza during the Games, with festivities such as concerts, firework shows, and sponsor presences. Medal presentations took place in downtown Salt Lake City; the stage for the ceremony featured the Hoberman Arch, an arch-shaped metal "curtain" designed by Chuck Hoberman.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Transport
The largest public transport project completed for the Games was the TRAX light rail system, which first began operations ahead of the Games in 1999.


2002 Winter Olympics, Development and preparation, Transport
To help reduce vehicle traffic to Soldier Hollow and provide a special experience for tourists, Heber Valley Railroad offered a special train service to Wasatch Mountain State Park on steam locomotives during the Games. After arriving at the station, passengers then embarked to Soldier Hollow on horse-drawn sleighs.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of the 2002 Winter Olympics was held at Rice–Eccles Stadium at the University of Utah on February 8, 2002. The facility was renovated and expanded for the Games. The Games were officially opened by President George W. Bush, while the Olympic cauldron was lit by members of the gold medal-winning U.S. ice hockey team from the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Opening ceremony
In an acknowledgement of the September 11 attacks, the ceremony opened with the entrance of a damaged American flag recovered from the wreckage of the World Trade Center, carried by an honor guard consisting of U.S. Olympic athletes nominated by the U.S. Olympic team (as with the main flagbearer), and police officers from the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. The flag was presented during the playing of the U.S. national anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner", as performed by the Tabernacle Choir.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Opening ceremony
The Olympic cauldron was designed to look like an icicle and was made of glass, allowing the fire to be seen burning within, reflecting the Games' slogan "Light the Fire Within" and an overarching "fire and ice" theme. The actual glass cauldron stands atop a twisting glass and steel support, is 12 feet (3.7 m) high, and the flame within burns at 900 °F (482.2 °C). Together with its support, the cauldron stands 117 feet (36 m) tall and was made of 738 individual pieces of glass.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Opening ceremony
Small jets send water down the glass sides of the cauldron to keep the glass and metal cooled (so they would not crack or melt) and give the effect of melting ice. The cauldron was designed by WET Design of Los Angeles, its frame built by roller coaster manufacturer Arrow Dynamics of Clearfield, Utah, and its glass pieces created by Western Glass of Ogden, Utah. The cauldron's cost was $2 million, and it was unveiled to the public when originally installed at Rice–Eccles Stadium on January 8, 2002.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Opening ceremony
Production for the opening and closing ceremonies was designed by Seven Nielsen, and music for both ceremonies was directed by Mark Watters.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Sports
The 2002 Winter Olympics featured 78 medal events over 15 disciplines in 7 sports, an increase of 10 events over the 1998 Winter Olympics. Skeleton made its return to the Winter Olympic program for the first time since 1948, while a women's event was contested for the first time in bobsleigh.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Sports
Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of medal events contested in each separate discipline.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Participating National Olympic Committees
A total of 78 teams qualified at least one athlete to compete in the Games. Five NOCs made their Winter Olympic debut in Salt Lake, including Cameroon, Hong Kong, Nepal, Tajikistan, and Thailand.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Calendar
In the following calendar for the 2002 Winter Olympic Games, each blue box represents an event competition, such as a qualification round, on that day. The yellow boxes represent days during which medal-awarding finals for a sport are held. The number in each box represents the number of finals that were contested on that day.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Records
Note: All of the above records were broken at the Vancouver Olympics in 2010.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Closing ceremonies
The closing ceremony of the 2002 Winter Olympics was held at Rice–Eccles Stadium on February 24, 2002. It featured performances by a number of musicians and bands, including Bon JovI, Christina Aguilera, Creed, Dianne Reeves, Earth, Wind & Fire, Gloria Estefan, Harry Connick Jr., Kiss,  Moby and Angie Stone, NSYNC, R. Kelly, Sting, Willie Nelson, and Yo Yo Ma. Figure skaters such as Kurt Browning, Dorothy Hamill, and Ilia Kulick, as well as dancer Savion Glover, also made appearances. The ceremony was narrated by Utah natives Donny and Marie Osmond, who voiced animatronic dinosaur skeletons designed by Michael Curry, and were also among the performers.


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Closing ceremonies
Departing from Juan Antonio Samaranch's tradition of declaring each Olympics the "best ever", IOC president Jacques Rogge began a tradition of assigning each Games their own identity in his comments, describing the 2002 Winter Olympics as having been "flawless".


2002 Winter Olympics, The Games, Closing ceremonies
Italian singers Irene Grandi and Elisa performed during the cultural presentation by Turin, host city of the 2006 Winter Olympics, while Josh Groban and Charlotte Church performed a duet of "The Prayer" as the Olympic flame was extinguished.


2002 Winter Olympics, Marketing
The overall branding of the 2002 Winter Olympics was based on a concept entitled "Land of Contrast — Fire and Ice", which featured a pallete of warm and cool colors to contrast the warmer, rugged, red-rock areas of Southern Utah from the colder, mountainous regions of Northern Utah.


2002 Winter Olympics, Marketing
The emblem for the 2002 Winter Olympics was unveiled in October 1999, consisting of a stylized snowflake with segments colored in blue, orange, and yellow. The emblem was designed to resemble an Olympic cauldron and flame, as well as a sun rising from behind mountains. The orange center section of the flame was intended to reflect traditional Navajo weaving. The official event pictograms were inspired by branding irons, and the line thickness and 30-degree angles mirrored those of the emblem.


2002 Winter Olympics, Marketing, Mascots
The designs of the mascots of the 2002 Winter Olympics were unveiled on May 19, 1999, during an event marking 1,000 days until the opening ceremony. The mascots represent three animals native to the western United States — a snowshoe hare, coyote, and American black bear respectively, with each mascot symbolizing a character from the legends of local Native Americans, and wearing a charm around their neck with an original Anasazi or Fremont-style petroglyph. For the first time in Olympic history, the names of the mascots were determined by a public vote, using name suggestions submitted by local students; on September 25, the names of the mascots were officially announced as Powder, Copper, and Coal respectively.


2002 Winter Olympics, Media coverage
International Sports Broadcasting (ISB) served as the host broadcaster for the 2002 Winter Olympics; the Salt Palace convention center served as the International Broadcast Centre and press center for the Games. The IOC estimated that the 2002 Winter Olympics were viewed by over two billion people worldwide, with 13 billion viewer-hours watched.


2002 Winter Olympics, Media coverage
In the United States, the 2002 Winter Olympics were broadcast by NBC Universal networks. They were first Winter Olympics under a multi-year rights agreement between NBC and the IOC, under which it would hold exclusive rights to all Olympic Games from 1996 through 2008 (excluding the 1998 Winter Olympics, which were aired by CBS as part of an existing contract for the Winter Olympics from 1992 through 1998).


2002 Winter Olympics, Media coverage
NBC partnered with HDNet to produce an eight-hour block of daily coverage in high definition, which was carried by HDNet and on the digital signals of participating NBC affiliates. Despite being held in a time zone only one hour ahead of Pacific Time, NBC still tape delayed much of its coverage for the west coast, although Salt Lake City's local NBC affiliate KSL-TV was given permission to air the live, east coast broadcasts to ensure their availability in the Games' host city.


2002 Winter Olympics, Media coverage
Coverage of the Games by the Seven Network in Australia featured The Ice Dream, a comedic series presented by the double act of Roy and HG as a follow-up to The Dream—their series for the 2000 Summer Olympics. The series featured a running gag of the duo proposing that the winter resort town of Smiggin Holes, New South Wales bid for the 2010 Winter Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Ski industry and winter sport
The 2002 Winter Olympics brought a huge amount of success to the Utah skiing industry. Since hosting the Winter Games, Utah has seen a 42% increase in skier and snowboarder visits as of 2010–11. This increase resulted in direct expenditures from skiers and snowboarders growing 67% from $704 million in 2002–2003 to $1.2 billion in 2010–2011.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Ski industry and winter sport
Fourteen venues were constructed or expanded in preparation for the Winter Games. One of the venues constructed for the Games was the Utah Olympic Park, which has proven to be one of the most successful venues to date because it has been maintained in top competition form. Owing to the routine maintenance of the park, Utah has been able to host a large number of winter competitions since 2002, including more than 60 World Cup events (e.g. the FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup), as well as seven world championships, and various other sporting events.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Ski industry and winter sport
Hosting these high-profile competitions has resulted in approximately $1 billion being injected into the local economy. During 2013–2014, Utah held 16 various winter sport events, bringing $27.3 million to the economy of Utah. After holding the Olympics, Utah became home to two National Governing Bodies of Sport. The U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association is headquartered in Park City, Utah and the U.S. Olympic speed skating team is based out of the Utah Olympic Oval.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Ski industry and winter sport
In 2017, an exploratory committee was formed to consider a Salt Lake City bid for a future Winter Olympics. In December 2018, the United States Olympic Committee named Salt Lake City its preferred candidate to bid for a future Winter Olympics, citing that its previous hosting of the Games (including experience and existing venues) could be leveraged.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, University of Utah expansion
The University of Utah was one of the hosts of the 2002 Winter Olympics; the planning committee approached the University of Utah and asked them to build several student dormitories which would serve as athletes' accommodation during the Games. It was agreed that the university would pay approximately $98 million out of the total required amount of $110 million to complete the construction. As a result, students of the university have benefited as almost 3,500 of them would be housed here after the Games.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, University of Utah expansion
This was a great economic benefit to the university since the amount of money used to complete such dormitories could take long to be afforded. The university was also asked to expand Rice Eccles Stadium to accommodate 50,000 people up from 32,000. The university would then be refunded almost $59 million and be given an extra $40 million for its maintenance.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, University of Utah expansion
The 2002 Olympic Games also benefited the university economically since the Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park was elevated by the renovations that took place. Ice rinks were very scarce in Utah, but they became plentiful and offered several entertainment and training opportunities for hockey players and figure skaters due to the Olympic Games.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, University of Utah expansion
The Cauldron Park located at the University of Utah which was built with $6.5 million in profits and had the following features: a visitors' center which had a theater that showed a thrilling movie about the Olympic Games of 2002 and a "park" which had a dazzling pool and a V-shaped stone wall with the names of all the medalists of the 2002 Olympic Games. Besides, the park had 17 plates that hung on the stadium's fence celebrating the highlights of each day of the Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, University of Utah expansion
All these features acted as tourist attraction that boosted the economic development of the university. In addition, it is indicated that the approximate value of media exposure through print during the Games was equated to $22.9 million. Mainly, this was a huge economic benefit to the university as more and more people got to know about the educational establishment, and this also boosted enrollment and future development.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Immigration
Holger Preuss in his book The Economics of Staging the Olympics: A Comparison of the Games 1972–2008 argues that "The export of the 'Olympic Games' service results in an inflow of funds to the host city, causing additional production which, in its turn, leads to employment and income effects." According to the study "2002 Olympic Winter Games, Economic, Demographic and Fiscal Impacts", the estimated creation of new job years of employment was 35,424, and additional earnings of $1,544,203,000. It was noted that the increase of Olympic related job started in 1996 and continued until 2003.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Immigration
These effects can be estimated on the ground of historical relationship between job and corresponding population growth. A lot of people migrated into the future place of the Olympic Games for expanding and favorable employment opportunities that the Olympics ensured. Although residents occupied many of the higher paying jobs created by the Games, many of the vacated jobs were filled by immigrants who relocated for the better employment opportunities.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Immigration
Basically, the immigration rate was even larger because the employees immigrated with their families. The additional people paid diverse taxes and fees from their income, creating additional revenue on the state and local levels.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Employment
Olympic related jobs in Utah started in 1996 with slight job opportunities of less than 100. However, from the job measurement conducted from 1996 to 2002, steady attainment of job opportunities established and a maximum level was noted in 2001 where there were 12,500 job opportunities attained yearly, and approximately 25,070 jobs created in 2002. Therefore, from 1996 to 2002 the sum of employment equated to 35,000 jobs which lasted a year. February 2002 is when the highest employment opportunities were created compared to other years. There were around 25,070 job opportunities created compared to 35,000 created from 1996 to 2001.


2002 Winter Olympics, Legacy, Employment
It is difficult to quantify the impact of the 2002 Olympics on the unemployment rates in Utah, due mostly to the effect of the early 2000s recession. In 1996, the unemployment rate in Utah was approximately 3.4%, while the U.S. national average was 5.4% and by the end of 2001, the unemployment rate in Utah was around 4.8%, while the national average had risen to 5.7%. There was a high percentage of visitors to the Games, which raised the number of tourists whose consumption and demand prompted the establishment of job opportunities to meet the demands.


2002 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Disqualifications for doping
The 2002 Winter Olympics were the first Winter Olympics held after the formation of the World Anti- Doping Agency, resulting in the first instances of athletes being disqualified for failing drug testing. Athletes in cross-country skiing were disqualified for various reasons, including doping by two Russians and one Spaniard, leading Russia to file protests and threaten to withdraw from the competition.


2002 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Pairs figure skating judging controversy
A major scandal emerged during the pairs figure skating competition; the Canadian pair of Jamie Salé and David Pelletie narrowly lost to the Russian pair of Elena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze, despite the Canadians being deemed the favorites to win after their free skate program. The French judge Marie-Reine Le Gougne alleged that the head of the French Federation of Ice Sports, Didier Gailhaguet, had pressured her to judge the competition in favor of Russia regardless of performance.


2002 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Pairs figure skating judging controversy
Amid criticisms of the incident by both Canadian and American media outlets, and suspicions that this was part of a vote swapping scheme with Russia to benefit the French ice dance team, the International Skating Union (ISU) voted to suspend Le Gougne for failing to immediately inform officials of Gailhaguet's actions. They also recommended to the IOC that the gold medal be jointly awarded to both pairs. An IOC panel voted in favor of the motion, resulting in both Salé and Pelletie, as well as Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze, being jointly awarded gold medals.


2002 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Disqualification of Kim Dong-Sung
In the final race A, with one lap remaining and currently in second place, Apolo Ohno of the United States attempted to make a pass on the leader Kim Dong-Sung of South Korea, who then drifted to the inside and as a result, Ohno raised his arms to imply he was blocked. Kim finished first ahead of Ohno, but the Australian referee James Hewish disqualified Kim for what appeared to be impeding, awarding the gold medal to Ohno.


2002 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Disqualification of Kim Dong-Sung
The South Korean team immediately protested the decision of the chief official of the race, but their protests were denied by the International Skating Union (ISU). The South Korean team then appealed to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). The IOC refused to see the case, stating, "This is a matter for the ISU to decide on. At this time, the IOC has received no proposal and taken no action".


2002 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Disqualification of Kim Dong-Sung
The disqualification of Kim upset South Korean supporters, many of whom directed their anger at Ohno and the IOC. A large number of e-mails protesting the race results crashed the IOC's email server, and thousands of accusatory letters, many of which contained death threats, were sent to Ohno and the IOC. South Korean media accused Ohno of simulating foul, using the Konglish word "Hollywood action". The controversy continued at the 2002 FIFA World Cup, held jointly in South Korea and Japan several months after the Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies, Disqualification of Kim Dong-Sung
When the South Korean soccer team scored a goal during the group stage match against the U.S. team, South Korean players Ahn Jung-Hwan and Lee Chun-Soo made an exaggerated move imitating the move Ohno had made during the speed skating event to imply the other athlete had drifted into his lane.


2002 Winter Olympics Countdown Clock
The 2002 Winter Olympics Countdown Clock is bronze sculpture installed in the TRAX Arena station in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. Unveiled on May 15, 2001, to count down to the 2002 Winter Olympics, the clock resembles an arrowhead to commemorate those found during construction of the station.


2002 Winter Olympics cauldron
The 2002 Winter Olympics cauldron is installed in Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park, in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.


2002 Winter Olympics cauldron, Description and history
The Cauldron was designed with the official 2002 Olympic motto Light the Fire Within and the Fire and Ice theme in mind. It was designed to look like an icicle, and was made of glass which allowed the fire to be seen burning within. The actual glass cauldron is 12 feet (3.7 m) high and stands atop a twisting glass and steel support, while the flame within burns at 900 °F (482.2 °C). Together with its support the cauldron stands 72 feet (22 m) tall and was made of 738 individual pieces of glass.


2002 Winter Olympics cauldron, Description and history
Small jets send water down the glass sides of the cauldron, both to keep the glass and metal cooled (so they would not crack or melt), and to give the effect of melting ice. The cauldron was designed by WET Design of Los Angeles, California, its frame built by Arrow Dynamics of Clearfield, Utah, and its glass pieces created by Western Glass of Ogden, Utah. The cauldron's cost was 2 million dollars, and it was unveiled to the public during its original install at Rice-Eccles Stadium on January 8, 2002.


2002 Winter Olympics cauldron, Description and history
During the Games, the cauldron was installed atop stands at the south-end of the stadium, which allowed it to be seen burning from various points around the Salt Lake Valley. Following the conclusion of the Games, the cauldron moved to the plaza just south of the stadium. It now sits in a reflecting pool, at the center of the park, and is flanked by a V-shaped stone wall. The stones on this wall are engraved with the names of the 2002 medalists, and water cascades down into the reflecting pool from the top of the wall.


2002 Winter Olympics cauldron, Description and history
The cauldron remained operational for a period of time and was lit on special occasions, which included the opening weekend of the 2006 Winter Olympics. During the 10-year anniversary of the Olympics, on February 8, 2012, an attempt was made to light the cauldron, it did light but not on mark and remained lit for only a short period of time. The delayed lighting was blamed on weathered mechanical parts and a lack of maintenance.


2002 Winter Olympics closing ceremony
The closing ceremony of the 2002 Winter Olympics took place on an abstract shaped ice rink designed by Seven Nielsen at Rice–Eccles Stadium in Salt Lake City, the United States, on 24 February 2002.


2002 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Ceremony, Parade of Nations
The flag bearers of 78 National Olympic Committees entered Rice–Eccles Stadium informally in single file, ordered by the English alphabet. Behind them marched all the athletes, with no grouping by nationality accompanied by music directed by Mark Watters.


2002 Winter Olympics closing ceremony, Speeches, closing and flag handover
SLOC President Mitt Romney delivered a speech, thanking everyone. IOC President Jacques Rogge delivered a speech, awarding the Olympic Order in Gold to Romney and declared the Games closed. The Mayor of Salt Lake City Rocky Anderson handed the Olympic flag to Rogge, who then handed it to the Mayor of Torino, Sergio Chiamparino, in preparation for the 2006 Olympics. The flag was raised in Athens on August 13, 2004 during the opening ceremony of the 2004 Summer Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal
At the 2002 Winter Olympics held in Salt Lake City, it was alleged that the pairs' figure skating competition had been fixed. The controversy led to two pairs teams receiving gold medals: the original winners Elena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze of Russia, and original silver-medalists Jamie Salé and David Pelletier of Canada. This scandal is one of the causes for the change to the ISU Judging System, which was introduced in 2002 and discontinued in 2014.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Competition
In the figure skating pairs competition, Elena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze of Russia won the short program over Jamie Salé and David Pelletier of Canada. During the short program, Salé and Pelletier had tripped and fallen on their closing pose. Because the fall was not on an element, it did not receive a deduction, but resulted in the pair being placed second behind Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Competition
In the free skate, Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze made a minor, yet obvious, technical error when Sikharulidze stepped out of a double Axel. Meanwhile, Salé and Pelletier opted to skate to "Love Story", a free skate program they had used in previous seasons and that had been well received at the Grand Prix Final before the Olympics. They skated a flawless program, albeit one that some experts considered to be of lesser difficulty than the Russians'. Salé and Pelletier received 5.9s and 5.8s for technical merit, while the Russians received mostly 5.8s and 5.7s.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Competition
However, the Canadians received only four 5.9s for presentation versus the Russians' seven. Presentation was weighted more heavily than technical merit, so the Canadians had needed at least five 5.9s in presentation to overtake the Russians for first. Since they did not receive that many, Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze took the gold and the Canadians won silver.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Scandal
During the live broadcast, both the American (NBC Sports' Tom Hammond, Scott Hamilton and Sandra Bezic) and Canadian (CBC Sports' Paul Martini and Barbara Underhill) television commentators proclaimed that Salé and Pelletier had won as they finished, and expressed outrage when the judges' marks were announced.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Scandal
There was immediate suspicion of cheating, according to ABC's Good Morning America and USA Today. Judges from Russia, the People's Republic of China, Poland, Ukraine, and France had placed the Russians first; judges from the United States, Canada, Germany, and Japan chose the Canadians.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Scandal
The French judge, Marie-Reine Le Gougne, drew suspicion quickly. When Le Gougne returned to the officials' hotel, Sally Stapleford, chair of the International Skating Union's Technical Committee, confronted her. Le Gougne had an emotional breakdown in which she allegedly said that she had been pressured by the head of the French skating organization, Didier Gailhaguet, to vote for the Russian pair regardless of how the others performed. She reportedly repeated this at the post-event judges' meeting the next day.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Scandal
It was alleged that this was part of a deal to get an advantage for French couple Marina Anissina and Gwendal Peizerat in the ice dance competition that was to follow a few days later. However, in a later signed statement Le Gougne denied taking part in such a deal and also stated that she had truly believed the Russian pair deserved to win.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Immediate aftermath
The Canadian press and public were outraged by the result. The American press were also quick to support the Canadian pair. NBC, in particular, continued to play up the story and advocate the Canadians' cause.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Immediate aftermath
Some in the United States and many in Russia, however, felt that Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze had deserved their win, and that it should not be considered invalid by the alleged dishonesty of a single judge. Sikharulidze contrasted the reactions to Salé and Pelletier's win at the 2001 World Championships, held in Canada. The Canadians were awarded gold despite Salé falling on the triple toe loop in the short program and then singling her double Axel in the long.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Immediate aftermath
In response to Canadian and American outcry, International Skating Union (ISU) President Ottavio Cinquanta announced in a press conference a day after the competition that the ISU would conduct an "internal assessment" into the judging decision at its next scheduled council meeting. After many hostile questions from the press, Cinquanta also admitted that the event referee, Ronald Pfenning, had filed an official complaint about the judging. Later, on February 13, International Olympic Committee (IOC) Director-General François Carrard held a press conference in which he publicly urged the ISU to resolve the matter as quickly as possible.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Immediate aftermath
On February 15, Cinquanta and IOC President Jacques Rogge, in a joint press conference, announced that Salé and Pelletier's silver medals would be upgraded to gold. Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze were to keep their gold medals as well, since there was no evidence of wrongdoing on their part. Four of the nine judges on the panel felt they deserved it. Both pairs' point totals were thrown out. For the first time in history, the awarding ceremony was repeated, which Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze attended. The Chinese pair, Shen Xue and Zhao Hongbo, declined to attend the ceremony. Le Gougne was suspended effective immediately for "misconduct".


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Post-Olympics aftermath
On April 30, 2002, Le Gougne and Gailhaguet were suspended by the ISU for three years and prohibited from attending the 2006 Winter Olympics for their roles in the scandal. Although at least one eye-witness to Le Gougne's outburst in the hotel lobby reported that she had specifically confessed to a deal with the Russians, Cinquanta claimed there was no evidence that the Russians were involved in the incident, and so the ISU never made any serious investigation of their alleged involvement.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Post-Olympics aftermath
On July 31, 2002, Russian organized crime boss Alimzhan Tokhtakhounov was arrested by Italian authorities in Venice on U.S. charges that he masterminded the fix. He was released from Italian police custody without being charged, amidst attempts to have him extradited to the United States in 2002–2003.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Post-Olympics aftermath
In addition to disciplining Le Gougne and Gailhaguet, in 2002 the ISU adopted a policy of "secret judging", in which judges' marks are posted anonymously, as part of the then-new ISU Judging System for figure skating. While the ISU has claimed this secrecy frees judges from pressure from their federations, critics have pointed out that instead of preventing judges from cheating, secrecy only prevents the public and media from being able to identify cheating. The policy of anonymous judging was discontinued at the ISU Congress following the 2014 Sochi Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, Post-Olympics aftermath
In March 2003, a group of skating officials who were unhappy with the ISU's leadership and handling of the crisis in the sport announced the formation of the World Skating Federation, in an attempt to take control of competitive figure skating away from the ISU. This attempt to set up a new federation failed, and several of the persons involved with its formation were subsequently banished from the sport by the ISU or their national federations. These officials included Ronald Pfenning, the referee of the pairs competition at the Salt Lake City Olympics, Sally Stapleford, Jon Jackson, and other witnesses to Le Gougne's outburst.


2002 Winter Olympics medal table
The 2002 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIX Olympic Winter Games,  was a winter multi-sport event held in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, from February 8 to February 24, 2002. A total of 2,399 athletes from 77 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) (+5 from 1998 Olympics) participated in these Games, competing in 78 events (+10 from 1998) in 15 sports and disciplines (+1 from 1998).


2002 Winter Olympics medal table
Athletes from 24 countries won at least one medal. Germany led in overall medals (36) for the second consecutive Winter Games. Immediately following the Games, Germany was also the gold medal leader with twelve. With 36 total medals, Germany set a record for most total medals at a Winter Olympics. Two years later, however, Norway was awarded two extra gold medals, raising their total to thirteen and giving them the lead in gold medals. In addition, Norway tied the former Soviet Union in 1976 for most gold medals at a Winter Olympics. This record would later be broken by Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics. The United States, the host nation, was third in the medal count with a total of 34 medals.


2002 Winter Olympics medal table
Croatia and Estonia won the first medals and first Gold medals in their Winter Olympic history, while Australia and China won their first gold medals. Biathlete Ole Einar Bjørndalen of Norway won four gold medals, while Croatian alpine skier Janica Kostelić won three golds and a silver, making them the two athletes with the most medals at the Games.


2002 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings
Due to various events, two extra gold medals were awarded. In the figure skating pairs competition, Yelena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze of Russia were originally awarded the gold over Jamie Salé and David Pelletier of Canada. In the ensuing controversy, it was revealed that French judge Marie-Reine Le Gougne had been pressured into voting for the Russians. Salé and Pelletier were later upgraded to gold, while Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze also kept their medals. In the cross-country skiing 30 km race, Norwegians Thomas Alsgaard and Frode Estil originally tied for a silver medal behind Spain's Johann Muehlegg. Muehlegg had won three gold medals but tested positive for darbepoetin after winning his third. He was originally allowed to keep the other two gold medals, but two years later was stripped of all medals by the Court of Arbitration for Sport.


2002 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings
In women's cross-country skiing, Larisa Lazutina of Russia originally won gold in the 30 km race, but tested positive for darbepoetin and was stripped of her medal, so Gabriella Paruzzi of Italy was awarded the gold, Italian Stefania Belmondo received the silver and Norwegian Bente Skari the bronze. Lazutina won two more medals, and was allowed to keep them until 2003 when she was stripped of them by the Court of Arbitration for sport. She also lost a silver medal in the 15 km race.


2002 Winter Olympics medal table, Changes in medal standings
In the 10 km pursuit, she was stripped of a silver, so Beckie Scott of Canada was awarded the silver and Kateřina Neumannová of the Czech Republic the bronze. The gold in that race was won by Olga Danilova of Russia but she also tested positive for darbepoetin and in 2004, Scott was upgraded to gold, Neumannova to silver and Viola Bauer of Germany to bronze.


2002 Winter Olympics medal table, Medal table
The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won, where nation is an entity represented by a National Olympic Committee (NOC). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically.


2002 Winter Olympics national flag bearers
During the Parade of Nations portion of the 2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of the 2002 Winter Olympics took place at the Rice-Eccles Olympic Stadium in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, on 8 February 2002.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony
U.S. President George W. Bush opened the 2002 Winter Olympics, which took place five months after the September 11 attacks, with: On behalf of a proud, determined and grateful nation..., then the standard opening formula followed.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Officials and Guests
The official box was occupied by the President's Olympic delegation, which featured four future members of their respective sport's Hall of Fame:


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Proceedings
Prior to the ceremony, the turf inside the stadium was removed and a giant, abstract-shaped ice rink, designed by Seven Nielsen, was installed covering a large part of the stadium floor. Music was directed by Mark Watters. Figure skaters, speed skaters, and hockey players performed on the ice, while cloggers, dancers, and some of the local Native American tribes performed authentic ceremonial dances on the surrounding platform.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Proceedings
A torn American flag recovered from the wreckage of the September 11 attacks was carried into the stadium by an honor guard of American athletes and was carried in by firefighters and police officers of the NYPD, FDNY, and Port Authority Police. The Mormon Tabernacle Choir, clad in white sweaters, performed "The Star-Spangled Banner", the US national anthem, as the flag (the Challenger flag) was raised. The parade of the 2,300 athletes was led by the Child of Light and began traditionally with Greece and ending with the host nation, the United States of America. As the artistic section kicked off, the five native Utah Native American tribes arrived together on horseback and performed several traditional "Welcome" stomp dances. Robbie Robertson performed during this segment.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Proceedings
It was reported that the IOC had rejected a proposal by the USOC its flagbearer to carry the Ground Zero flag during the parade of nations, and a USOC spokesperson stated that another idea for the flag and honor guard to enter after the U.S. team in the parade of nations would violate the official protocol.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Proceedings
The beauty of the Utah landscape was showcased as huge puppets of native Utah animals, including a 15-foot-long bison and the American bald eagle (the national bird and animal of the U.S.), entered the stadium, as well as dancing pioneer settlers as two trains came together on, symbolizing the US railroad industry which was beneficial to Utah's economy beginning in the 1860s, as well as economically linking the Western U.S. and the Eastern U.S.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Proceedings
At the end of this segment, the performers unfurled a giant quilt that covered the entire stadium floor with the 2002 Winter Olympics logo in the center. Two figure skaters, Olympians Kristi Yamaguchi, Jozef Sabovcik (the fire within), and Scott Hamilton performed on the oversized ice rink as "Light the Fire Within," the 2002 Winter Olympic's theme song, was sung by LeAnn Rimes. Jozef's son, Blade, also performed in the ceremonies as one of the skating children of light. Other notable skaters included a young local skater and Beatrisa Liang as younger versions of Kristi Yamaguchi's character.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Proceedings
The ceremonies were choreographed and rehearsals led by Sarah Kawahara. Sarah won an Emmy for her work in both the opening and closing ceremonies for the Games. Performers were auditioned and put in over 150 hours of practice on the weekends leading up to the Games. Practices were held at both Steiner Ice Arena and on the official venue ice. The main child of light was played by Ryne Sanborn, a young local hockey player who was in the seventh grade at the time of the ceremonies.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Proceedings
After speeches by Jacques Rogge, President of the IOC and Mitt Romney, the CEO of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee, the Olympic flame, which had traveled 13,500 miles (21,700 km) was carried into the stadium by figure skaters Dorothy Hamill and Dick Button. They passed it to other pairs U.S. Olympians, who either ran or skated their short relay. Alpine skier Picabo Street and hockey player Cammi Granato carried it up the steps to the towering torch where they were met by Mike Eruzione, captain of the "Miracle on Ice" hockey team that won the Olympic gold medal in 1980. Eruzione summoned the other members of the team, who together lit the Olympic torch. The Opening Ceremony would win seven Emmy Awards.


2002 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Proceedings
The President opened the Games standing among the athletes, while previous heads of state opened the Games from an official box. NBC's Bob Costas applauded the move during the network's coverage of the Opening Ceremony.


2002 Winter Olympics torch relay
The 2002 Winter Olympics torch relay was a 65-day run, from December 4, 2001 until February 8, 2002, prior to the 2002 Winter Olympics. The runners carried the Olympic Flame throughout the United States - following its lighting in Olympia, Greece to the opening ceremony of the 2002 games at Rice-Eccles Stadium in Salt Lake City, Utah. The 2002 torch relay was also the 50th anniversary of the Winter Olympic torch relay, which was first run during the 1952 Winter Olympics.


2002 Winter Olympics torch relay, Planning
The Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC) contracted with Além International Management, Inc. to plan the torch relay route, including security and marketing plans. The plan produced by SLOC and Além was announced to the public on December 4, 2000. It would have the torch cover 13,500 miles (21,700 km) passing through 46 of the 50 states in the United States, and be carried by 12,012 torchbearers. The torch would pass through 300 communities, stopping twice a day: once for a midday celebration and then in a larger populated city for the night.