20 (Twenty)
20 [Twenty] (stylized as 20 [twenty]) is the third studio album released in Japan by South Korean rock band F.T. Island. It is their second studio album under Warner Music Japan and third studio album overall in the country. Recorded in South Korea in the midst of the band's promotions there, the band aimed to make 20 [Twenty] their most mature album to date. The album spawned three singles prior to its release—"Let It Go! ", "Distance", and "Neverland"—which all charted within the top ten spots of the weekly Oricon singles chart.


20 (Twenty)
20 [Twenty] was released on May 16, 2012, in three editions: a CD-only edition, a CD and DVD edition, and a Lawson edition. In order to promote the album, the band held two release events shortly after the album's release. The album debuted at number four on the weekly Oricon albums chart and the Billboard Japan Top Albums. Selling over 41,000 copies in its first week, 20 [Twenty] earned F.T. Island their best first-week album sales in Japan. From June to July, they embarked on their F.T. Island Summer Tour 2012: Run! Run! Run! and performed in various venues across Japan.


20 (Twenty), Background and development
After performing at the Nippon Budokan in 2011, F.T. Island recorded the song "Let It Go!" in commemoration of the event. Recorded during the same period, "Neverland" was composed by Choi Jong Hoon. Described as an energetic song, he recorded the guitar as the final bit to make the instrument the most prominent in the recording. He penned the song "Stay", which is based on his personal relationship experiences. He initially wrote the lyrics in Korean, then translated them into Japanese, using a translator where he was unable to translate the lyrics by himself. The process between three and four hours.


20 (Twenty), Background and development
Choi Min Hwan and Song Seung Hyun worked on the songs "Always" and "Compass" together while in high school. Discussing "Always", Choi Min Hwan compared the song to "Satisfaction" in that one may feel a similar "atmosphere and a strength", but noted that there was more emphasis of sorrow in "Always". "Paper Plane" is a medium-tempo song, which features a dense snare drum. "Distance" was written by Kenn Kato, Song Seung Hyun and Lee Jae Jin, and composed by Corin. Lead singer Lee Hongki had difficulty singing the song, stating that the key he sang in was very high.


20 (Twenty), Background and development
20 [Twenty] was recorded while F.T. Island was in the midst of promoting in South Korea, which limited their time on the project. Determined to convey the proper emotions of the songs, they "made sure to stop and interpret every part of the lyrics". F.T. Island aimed to make 20 [Twenty] their most mature album to date. The title of the album refers to the average age of the band members.


20 (Twenty), Release and promotion
"Let It Go!" was released as the first single on July 27, 2011. The single peaked at number four on the weekly Oricon singles chart and sold over 41,500 copies in Japan. The second single "Distance" was released on November 30 in the same year, which also peaked at number four on the weekly Oricon singles chart, selling over 44,500 copies. On April 18, 2012, "Neverland" was the third single released from the album. It peaked at number 10 on the weekly Oricon singles chart and sold over 30,500 copies in Japan. The song "Stay" was used as the opening theme song for TV Asahi's Music Ru TV and TV Tokyo's Japan Countdown, and was used as the ending theme for Nippon Television.


20 (Twenty), Release and promotion
20 [Twenty] was released on May 16, 2012, in three editions: a CD-only edition which features the bonus track "Hit the Sands", a CD and DVD edition which includes the Korean version of "Satisfaction" as a bonus track, and the music video for "Stay" and a special feature, and a Lawson edition which contains footage from March 2012 of F.T. Island's performances at Fuji-Q Highland. On May 19 and 20, 2012, F.T. Island held two release events for the album at Zepp Tokyo and the Hotarumachi Dōjima River Forum in Osaka, respectively.


20 (Twenty), Release and promotion
An estimate of 10,000 winners of a lottery were in attendance in both events, where the band performed five songs. On May 26, 2012, F.T. Island performed "Neverland" on Fuji Television's music show Music Fair. The following day, they performed acoustic versions of the songs "Stay", "Flower Rock", "Soyogi", and "Venus" on Space Shower TV.


20 (Twenty), Release and promotion
From June 24 to July 8, 2012, the band embarked on their F.T. Island Summer Tour 2012: Run! Run! Run! and performed in various venues across Japan, including at the Sun Dome Fukui in Fukui and the Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan. Their shows drew in over 60,000 audience attendees in total.


20 (Twenty), Chart performance
20 [Twenty] debuted at number four on the weekly Oricon albums chart, selling 41,726 copies in its first week. The album earned F.T. Island their best first-week sales in Japan. On the Billboard Japan Top Albums, 20 [Twenty] also debuted at number four. The album has sold 44,603 copies in Japan.


20 (number)
20 (twenty; Roman numeral XX) is the natural number following 19 and preceding 21. A group of twenty units may also be referred to as a score.


20 - Venti
20 - Venti (aka Twenty) is a 2000 Italian comedy-drama film directed by Marco Pozzi.


20 - Venti, Plot
The journey of a porn actress and a journalist, through twenty episodes, linked by the continued presence on the scene of cigarettes.


20 30 40
20 30 40 is a 2004 Taiwanese film directed by Sylvia Chang. It was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 2004 Berlin International Film Festival, and was Taiwan's submission to the 77th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.


20 30 40, Plot
The stories of three women aged 20, 30 and 40, in different stages of their lives.


20 30 40, Plot
Xiao Jie, a Malaysian girl who just turned twenty, has arrived in Taipei for the first time to make her dream of being a pop star come true. Xie Jie makes friends with Yi Tong, a Hong Kong girl who pursues a music career as well. When they meet with reverses and realize the fact of life, they find themselves in the mire...


20 30 40, Plot
Xiang Xiang is 30 years old, and she is a flight attendant. In her conversation with her colleague, Xiang Xiang says that she is caught between two men. One is a mature doctor but already married, and the other one is a young recorder who is still ignorant. However, she still retains the memory of her ex-boyfriend in New York. Xiang Xiang is confused and she does not know who her true love is.


20 30 40, Plot
Lily is a 40-year-old woman who got divorced with her husband and goes back to single life again. Facing life as a single woman in the middle-age, Lily tries out new lifestyle and has fun for her own. In the new life that she has been away for decades, Lily gets to know how to get along with her own company, and what a middle-aged woman really needs before love and success.


20 30 40, Soundtrack
The theme song of the movie which is called "20 30 40" as well was sung by Sylvia Chang, Rene Liu and Angelica Lee. The song expresses how women want and need in modern society, telling the audience that no matter what stage of life you are arriving, the way you choose to live is the most important. Happiness and beauty are not restricted by age.


20 30 40, Release
The film was originally released in 2004 in Germany, and then was released on screens in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Korea. The film was  released on DVD in 2005 in Argentina by Columbia TriStar Films de Argentina, Italy and Hungary.


20 All-Time Greatest Hits!
20 All-Time Greatest Hits! is a compilation album by James Brown containing 20 of his most famous recordings. Released by Polydor in 1991 as a single-disc alternative to the Star Time box set, it features songs from the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. 16 of the songs from the album had previously topped the US R&B charts. The album itself peaked at number 99 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart after its release. In 2003, it was ranked number 414 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.


20 Anos Depois - Ar de Rock
20 anos depois - Ar de Rock (literally Air of Rock, meaning "a rock look"; a pun on hard rock: 20 Years Later) is a compilation album released by Portuguese rock singer Rui Veloso. The album was released in 2000.


20 Anos Depois - Ar de Rock
The disc was recorded in commemoration of the 20th anniversary of his first album Ar de Rock released in 1980.


20 Anos Depois - Ar de Rock
The album features mostly Portuguese artists including Xutos & Pontapés, Clã, Ala dos Namorados and some more, which recorded the original songs with the first mock-up themes. Other artists included the Portuguese-descended Nuno Bettencourt and Brazilian singers including Os Paralamas do Sucesso and Barão Vermelho. The last three are not included in the previous album.


20 Ans
20 Ans (English translation: 20 years old) is a French monthly magazine for young women published in France.


20 Ans, History and profile
20 Ans was founded in 1961. The magazine was published by Excelsior Publications until 2003 when it was acquired by Emap France. Emap France was acquired by the Italian media group Arnoldo Mondadori Editore in June 2006.


20 Ans, History and profile
20 Ans is published on a monthly basis, and targets adolescents. Its readers are mostly of middle-class origin. In July 2006 its circulation reached 250,000 copies.


20 Aquarii
20 Aquarii, abbreviated 20 Aqr, is a star in the constellation Aquarius. 20 Aquarii is the Flamsteed designation. It is a dim star with an apparent visual magnitude of 6.38. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 15.34 mas, it is located 213 light years away but is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −23 km/s. The star is predicted to come to within 110 light-years in around 1.9 million years.


20 Aquarii
This is an F-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of F0 V. (Cowley and Fraquelli [1974] had given it a class of F0 III.) It is a suspected chemically peculiar Am star showing metallic lines. It is 761 million years old with a high projected rotational velocity of 92 km/s. The star has 1.52 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 9 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of about 7,314 K.


20 Aquilae
20 Aquilae, abbreviated 20 Aql, is an irregular variable star in the equatorial constellation of Aquila. 20 Aquilae is its Flamsteed designation. It ranges in magnitude from a peak of 5.33 down to 5.36, which is bright enough for the star to be visible to the naked eye. The estimated distance to this star is around 920 light years, based upon an annual parallax shift of 3.5 mas. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −23 km/s.


20 Aquilae
There has been some disagreement over the stellar classification of this star. Buscombe (1962) listed a class of B3 IV, which suggests a B-type subgiant star that has exhausted the hydrogen at its core and is expanding off the main sequence. Lesh (1968) and Braganca et al. (2012) matched a B-type main sequence star with a class of B3 V. However, Houk and Swift (1999) found a class of B2/3 II, indicating this is an evolved bright giant.


20 Aquilae
The star is about 28 million years old with a high rate of spin, showing a projected rotational velocity of 133 km/s. It has 8.6 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 7,284 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 18,700 K.


20 Arietis
20 Arietis is a single star in the northern constellation of Aries. 20 Arietis is the Flamsteed designation. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.79, which is bright enough to be just faintly visible to the naked eye as a yellow-white hued star. The star is located approximately 137 light years away from the Sun based upon parallax. It has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.188 arc seconds per annum. 20 Arietis is receding from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +25 km/s.


20 Arietis
Gray et al. (2001) gave the stellar classification of 20 Arietis as F6 III-IV, matching an F-type star with spectral traits intermediate between a giant and a subgiant star. Harlan (1969) had found a less-evolved class of F6 IV-V. The star is around two billion years old with an estimated 1.5 times the mass of the Sun and two times the Sun's radius. It is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 8.0 km/s and has a higher than solar metallicity. The star is radiating 6.6 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of around 6,416 K.


20 August 1955 Stadium (Bordj Bou Arréridj)
The Stade 20 Août 1955 (Arabic: ملعب 20 أوت 1955) is a multi-purpose stadium located in Bordj Bou Arréridj, Algeria. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Bordj Bou Arréridj. The stadium holds 15,000 people.


20 Años (Gian Marco album)
20 Años is a 2012 original album by Peruvian singer Gian Marco. The disc won a Latin Grammy Award in the best singer songwriter category in 2012.


20 Años (Gian Marco album)
This CD was made to celebrate 20 years of artistic life. There are 20 songs, 18 of which are old but they were remastered with a change and two unreleased songs "Invisible" and "En Otra Vida". The song "Invisible" was composed by Gian Marco and Amaury Gutierrez.


20 Años (Gian Marco album)
For this album, Gian Marco received three nominations at the 13th Annual Latin Grammy Awards: Best Singer-Songwriter Album and Song of the Year (for "Invisible"). Gian Marco won the first category.


20 Años (Gian Marco album)
In 2013, he was nominated for the Premios Oye! in the categories Spanish Album of the Year, Song of the Year in Spanish (for "Invisible") and Male Solo Artist.


20 Años (Gian Marco album), Singles
The video of the song 'Invisible' 'premiered in August starring the actress Mónica Sánchez.


20 Años (Luis Miguel album)
20 años is the seventh studio album recorded by Mexican singer Luis Miguel, It was released by WEA Latina on May 18, 1990. The album was produced by Spanish singer-songwriter, composer and record producer Juan Carlos Calderón, who had worked on the two previous albums by Luis Miguel, and was a massive success across Latin-America, Spain, and with Hispanic listeners in the United States.


20 Años (Luis Miguel album)
Almost all the tracks of the album were played on the radio, but the songs officially issued as singles are "Tengo Todo Excepto A Tí", "Entrégate", "Amante del Amor", "Hoy el aire huele a ti", "Más allá de todo" and "Será que no me amas". In 1991, the album received a nomination for a Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album in the 33rd Annual Grammy Awards and for Lo Nuestro Award for Pop Album of the Year at the 3rd Lo Nuestro Awards.


20 Años (Luis Miguel album)
This album was the album that confirmed the success that Luis Miguel had reached with his last album Busca una mujer. The album broke the record in Mexico of most copies sold in one weekend (600,000 copies during the release weekend).


20 Años (Luis Miguel album)
"Será que no me amas" had an "official choreography" that remains popular in Latin America to date.


20 Años Después
20 Años Después (English: 20 Years Later) is a compilation music album of singer-songwriter Victor Jara. It was released in Spain by Fonomusic in 1992. The compilation was re-edited in 1998 with the 13th original track, "El Aparecido", omitted from the original compilation.


20 Años Después, Track listing
All tracks are written by V. Jara, except where extrad.


20 Años Tour
The 20 Años Tour was a concert tour performed by Luis Miguel during the years 1990 and 1991 to promote his last album 20 Años. On this tour he performed more than 10 sold-out concerts at the Centro de Espectáculos Premier in Mexico City, that season of concerts was recorded to later launch a VHS Video called Luis Miguel: 20 Años.


20 Años Tour, Set list
This set list is representative of the shows in Centro de Espectáculos Premier. It does not represent all dates throughout the tour.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto
20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto (20 Years of Hits Live with Moderatto) is the third live album by Mexican recording artist Alejandra Guzmán. It was released by EMI Latin on June 21, 2011 and features the participation of Moderatto as her backing band. Jay de la Cueva worked as producer of the album, which was recorded at the Palacio de los Deportes in Mexico City on March 17, 2011. The album includes Guzmán's greatest hits, a song originally performed by Moderatto, and two newly recorded songs, including the theme song of the Mexican telenovela Una Familia con Suerte.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto
The album entered the top five in Mexico and the top twenty in the United States. To promote the album, a video for the song "Un Grito en la Noche", previously a single from Guzmán's album Eternamente Bella (1990), was released in September 2011. The standard edition of the album in Mexico includes a DVD documentary about the recording sessions. 20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto received a platinum+gold certification in Mexico by the Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas and garnered four nominations for the Premios Oye!, including Album of the Year.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Background
To commemorate 20 years of musical career, Alejandra Guzmán decided to record a live album at the Palacio de los Deportes in Mexico City. Guzmán asked Jay de la Cueva to produce the album and include his band Moderatto in the show. About the recording, Guzmán said that the main reason is to have a more produced show to perform songs of the bad and good things that have happened to her, "it's been many years, we want to make them [the public] happy."


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Background
The album was recorded after Guzmán's featured performance on the album En Primera Fila by Venezuelan singer-songwriter Franco De Vita, with the song "Tan Sólo Tú", which resulted in two nominations for the Latin Grammy Awards of 2011: Record of the Year and Best Long Form Music Video. The album is Guzmán's third live album following La Guzmán (1998) and Alejandra Guzmán En Vivo (2003).


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Repertoire
Ten songs previously recorded by the singer are included: "Llama Por Favor", "Un Grito en la Noche" and the title track from her album Eternamente Bella of 1990. "Hacer El Amor Con Otro" and "Güera" are taken from Flor de Papel (1991). "Mala Hierba" and "Mírala, Míralo" were first included on Libre in 1993. "De Verdad" was the lead single from Soy (2001). "Volverte a Amar" from Indeleble in 2006. "Verano Peligroso" is the theme song of a film starred by Guzmán in 1991, and was first included on her compilation album Lo Más Prendido.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Repertoire
The album is the first to feature the song "Día de Suerte", the theme song of the Mexican telenovela Una Familia con Suerte. "Ya Lo Veía Venir" was the first single from Moderatto's 2008 album Queremos Rock. "No Te Lo Tomes Personal" is a new song written by Jay de la Cueva and Guzmán.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Recording and release
20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto was recorded on March 17, 2011 at Palacio de los Deportes in Mexico City. Guzmán was joined on stage by the Mexican band Moderatto, where they performed before a selected audience of fans. American singer Jenni Rivera accompanied the singer on the song "Eternamente Bella", while Puerto-Rican performer Vico C joined them on "Mala Hierba". Guzmán also presented the song "Día de Suerte" for the first time. Guzmán declared on her experience working with Moderatto: "On stage, when I'm with them, everything is magic.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Recording and release
Right now I feel part of the band because it made me feel very happy and made me feel like their songs are mine." A long form music video was recorded and included on the standard Mexican edition of the album as an accompanying DVD. This music video opened in several movie theaters in the United States and Mexico, and tickets were available for free to her fans on her official website.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Accolades
Guzmán received four nominations for the Premios Oye! for her work on the album, including Album of the Year and Female Pop Album, winning the latter. 20 Años de Éxitos also earned a nomination for Rock Album of the Year at the Premio Lo Nuestro 2012.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Charts and certifications
The album debuted at number 15 and peaked at number two on the Mexican Albums Chart, being blocked for the number-one by MTV Unplugged by Mexican band Los Tigres del Norte. The album is the highest placement in the chart for Guzmán since Indeleble which peaked at the top in 2006. 20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto earned a platinum certificacion in Mexico by the Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas.


20 Años de Éxitos En Vivo con Moderatto, Charts and certifications
In the United States, the album debuted and peaked at number 20 in the Billboard Latin Albums and at number seven on the Latin Pop Albums chart, becoming Guzmán's fourth top ten album in the latter chart, following Flor de Papel (1992), Soy (2001) and Reina de Corazones: La Historia (2007).


20 BC
Year 20 BC was either a common year starting on Wednesday or Thursday or a leap year starting on Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was also known as the Year of the Consulship of Appuleius and Nerva (or, less frequently, year 734 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 20 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


20 Bank Street (London)
20 Bank Street (Heron Quays 1 (HQ1) or the Morgan Stanley Building) is a 14-storey office building in the Canary Wharf development in London, United Kingdom.


20 Bank Street (London)
Completed in 2003, the building was designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM). It is 68 metres (223 ft) tall with a floorspace of 47,565 square metres (511,990 sq ft).


20 Bank Street (London)
It is the European headquarters of Morgan Stanley, housing equity and fixed income trading floors, investment banking, technology and other support functions.


20 Battery Royal Artillery
20 Battery Royal Artillery is the headquarters battery of the 16th Regiment Royal Artillery. It is one of the five batteries that make up 16 Regiment Royal Artillery. The Regiment use the Rapier Field Standard C air defence missile system and the Land Environment Air Picture Provision (LEAPP) capability, the only Regiment in the British Armed Forces to do so.


20 Battery Royal Artillery
20 Battery was formed in 1771 as No. 7 Company, 4th Battalion Royal Artillery under the command of Captain William Johnstone RA. It fought (under various names and commanders) in the American Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Crimean War, First World War, Second World War and the Korean War. In 1971 it was placed in Suspended Animation (not disbanded) and remained on the Royal Artillery's Active List and Order of Battle with its property and Battery Records being placed in central storage in the Royal Arsenal Woolwich. In 1988 it was reformed by an Officer, and former soldier of the battery (Captain Flannagan), and its property records and heritage were reinstated.


20 Battery Royal Artillery
The unit has since served in Iraq, Afghanistan, Sierra Leone and the Falkland Islands. However, in 2012, the Battery was redesignated a Headquarters Battery, and does no longer deploy with guns or missiles.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
20 Battery Royal Artillery can trace its origins to the formation of 7 (Johnstone's) Company of the 4th Battalion Royal Artillery in 1771, in Woolwich, under Captain William Johnstone. Shortly after formation the 4th Battalion was posted to New York City, relieving elements of the other battalions stationed in North America. From there, the Company was sent to Pensacola in the British colony of West Florida. Captain Johnstone was then appointed Commander Royal Artillery (CRA) for the colony.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
The colonies of East and West Florida had been Spanish possessions until the 1760s when they were ceded to Great Britain at the end of the Seven Years' War. The defences of these colonies and their cities, including Pensacola, had been seriously neglected under Spanish rule. As a result, the British spend a large amount of time and money attempting to bring them up to standard. Captain Johnstone became heavily involved in the planning and construction of the batteries and fortifications around Pensacola during his time there. Detachments from the company were also stationed in Augusta and Baton Rouge during their time in Florida.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
Captain Johnstone and some of the Senior Non Commissioned Officers within the company became involved in the training of gunners from the German Regiment of Waldeck, that were part of the Pensacola garrison. They were trained in field gunnery in the hopes that this would make them more versatile. The company remained in West Florida - the only unit of the Royal Artillery in the southernmost colonies - as the American Revolutionary War raged in the north. Whilst the war had not yet spread to West Florida, the men of the company had to endure hardships, including tropical heat and a volatile relationship with the native tribes.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
With forces newly arrived from New York and reinforced with soldiers from Pensacola's garrison, the army embarked upon the campaign for control of the southern colonies. 7 Company was attached to the force as the only gunners and joined the second column commanded by General Augustine Prevost. The early parts of the campaign were a success; with the revolutionaries routed, British dominance was secured for several years. The company fought in a number of battles in this campaign and Captain Johnstone commanded throughout.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
These battles included Brier Creek, Stono Ferry, the Siege of Fort Morris in Sunbury and a number of skirmishes. The company was instrumental in the victories on each occasion. One of the officers from the company was also appointed CRA later in the campaign, during siege of Charleston, which ended with the largest single surrender of American forces during the war.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
Captain Johnstone and his company then returned to Florida, where they remained and where concerns of a Spanish attack on the colony increased following the entry of Spain into the war in 1779. To counter this threat, Captain Johnstone received reinforcements in the form of a detachment from another company within the battalion which were placed under his command in Augusta. In May, 1781, a combined Franco–Spanish force of over 10,000 men under Bernardo Gálvez arrived in the harbour and began the Siege of Pensacola.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
The garrison of just over 900 men consisting of 16th Regiment of Foot, 60th Regiment of Foot, The Regiment of Waldeck, 7 (Johnstone’s) Company, various Loyalist regiments in addition to large numbers from the Creek and Chickasaw tribes held out against this force for several weeks as they awaited reinforcements from Jamaica. There were a number of sorties in which the company participated that attempted to disrupt the enemy siege works. These sorties included Indians, who terrified the Spanish forces.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
Captain Johnstone and his men were mentioned in dispatches for their bravery in rushing to a breach in the wall and bringing up a gun, holding off the Franco–Spanish forces and enabling the wounded to be carried off. The fighting continued until the walls were too badly damaged to bring the guns to bear and the garrison ultimately surrendered.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
The general commanding the garrison singled out Captain Johnstone and his company on several occasions in dispatches for their bravery and energy in engaging the enemy during the siege. It is also important to note that of all the units in the garrison 7 (Johnstone's), Company were the only unit not to suffer desertions during the siege. After the articles of surrender were signed the company were transported by Spanish ships to the British garrison at New York where they remained until the end of the war.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, Formation and the American Wars
The company was then sent to Quebec, where they spent time in a number of garrisons. Captain Johnstone was posted away after being promoted to Colonel and the Company found themselves based in Quebec at the outbreak of the War of 1812. Not much is known as yet about the company's role during this war.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, The Tigris and Euphrates expedition and Crimean War
The Company had a variety of postings after the American Revolutionary War and were based in Malta when Captain Francis Rawdon Chesney took command, after his predecessor was posted Absent without Leave. This new commander launched an expedition to establish a land route to the Indian Ocean via Basra. Taking with him a detachment from the company as well as scientists and engineers from across Great Britain, he set out with the two small steamers Tigris and Euphrates, which he dismantled and carried across the desert to the rivers that were their namesake.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, The Tigris and Euphrates expedition and Crimean War
The expedition faced a variety of challenges and hostility from local tribes and Chesney published a number of books on the tribes, customs and the geography of the region. For this and his earlier endeavours Chesney was one of the first recipients of the Royal Geographical Society Gold Medal. Chesney was also given acting rank of colonel for the duration of the expedition.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, The Tigris and Euphrates expedition and Crimean War
Although Great Britain decided against following through on his research the French did in the form of the Suez Canal and its builder Ferdinand de Lesseps hailed  Chesney as the father of the Suez at the public celebrations in Paris. Chesney went on to become a general and wrote numerous books. During this period the battery absorbed two other batteries, including 34 Battery RA.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, History, The Tigris and Euphrates expedition and Crimean War
After the expedition, the battery had a number of other postings, before being sent to fight in the siege of Sevastopol during which the battery commander Captain Fitzroy was twice mentioned in despatches for his bravery.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, 20th century
After the Crimea the battery next served in the First World War as the ‘Y’ Coastal Defence Battery based on the Isle of Wight. During the inter war years the Battery was posted to Ceylon where they remained during the Second World War. Known as 15 Heavy Anti Aircraft Battery, they were responsible for shooting down a number of Japanese aircraft during the air battles over Ceylon.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, 20th century
After the Second World War the Battery was re-formed in 1955 as 20 Medium Battery as part of 21 Med Regt based at Redford Barracks, Edinburgh but deployed in the Internal Security role to Cyprus in 1956 where the Regt lost several men to the EOKA terrorists. Re -numbered again and re-rolled (a change of equipment and role) as an Amphibious Operations (AO) Battery. They were posted to Hong Kong and renamed 20 Commando (AO) Battery as part of 29 Commando Regiment.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, 20th century
Due to the fact that only 20 and 148 Commando (AO) Battery fulfilled the AO roll there was a lot of movement between the batteries most men serving in both. The battery had absorbed 3 (AO) Troop on their move to Hong Kong and was involved in a number of operations including the Korean War and a little known operation in the Caribbean during the Cuban Missile Crisis.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, 20th century
The Battery was involved in clearing Russian, American and Cuban personnel off remote Caribbean islands in the region and arrested 60 men who later turned out to be CIA operatives, causing a minor political incident. The Battery was placed into suspended animation in 1969 following the downsizing of the British Army and the reduction to one Commando Artillery Regiment, having lost out to 148 Commando (AO) Battery. Many of 20 Commando (AO) Battery's personnel ended up in 148 Battery and so did much of the battery property.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, 20th century, Reformation
In the late 1980s G Troop was formed at 16th Regiment Royal Artillery as an air defence troop to support 3 Commando Brigade, a result of lessons learned in the Falklands War. The Troop was formed under Capt M G Flannigan who had served as a Bombardier in 20 Commando (AO) Battery. He was instrumental in the reformation of the Battery with G Troop as its nucleus. Warrant Officer II Owen Morrison was appointed as the first Battery Sergeant Major.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, 20th century, Reformation
In 1991 the Battery was officially reformed as 20 Air Defence Battery RA shortly later becoming 20 Commando Battery and served as the integral Air Defence Battery for 3 Commando Brigade. The Battery was posted to 22 Regiment Royal Artillery a couple of years after its formation and took part in a number of operations with the Brigade. This included an Operation to capture a number West Side Boys. The Battery was also involved in the initial invasion of Afghanistan.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, 20th century, 2004 onwards
In 2004 the decision was made by Chief of the Naval Staff that 3 Commando Brigade no longer needed an integral air defence capability and after the Operation Banner deployment that year the Battery lost their Commando status. This coincided with the disbandment of 22 Regiment Royal Artillery in Kirton In Lindsey and the Battery was posted to the 16th Regiment Royal Artillery in Woolwich. Those who chose not to remain with the Battery went to 21 (Gibraltar 1779-83) Air Assault Battery in 47th Regiment Royal Artillery.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, 20th century, 2004 onwards
The now renamed 20 Battery RA has been deployed on Operation Telic (Iraq) being the first United Kingdom unit to deploy using the Counter RAM system and after the move of the regiment to St George's Barracks, North Luffenham, deployed to the Falkland Islands. The Battery has since been deployed to Afghanistan on Op HERRICK 12 in the Sense & Warn role and HERRICK 17 in the AS&W role, Base ISTAR and BM roles. More recently the Battery was reduced to an HQ Battery, losing its Air Defence equipment and much of its manpower. It now provides the HQ element of 16th Regiment RA and the Corps Air Defence Cell.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, Designations
01/01/1771 Formed as 7th (Johnstones) Company 4th Battalion1859  Renamed 6 Battery, 10 Brigade01/07/1877 Renamed 8 Battery, 9 Brigade. 01/04/1882 Renamed 1 Battery, 1 Brigade Scottish Division01/07/1889 Renamed 7 Battery, Southern Division01/08/1891 Renamed 7 Company, Southern Division01/06/1899 Renamed 7 Company RGA, Southern Division RGA01/01/1902 Renamed 14 Company RGA31/08/1918 Became Part of No 6 Fire Command RGA30/06/1920 Became Part of HQ Golden Hill04/09/1920 Became Part of F Coast Battery RGA10/04/1922 Separated from F Coast Battery.


20 Battery Royal Artillery, Designations
Renamed Y Coast Battery RGA01/05/1924 Renamed 15 Heavy AA Battery01/03/1928 Absorbed 34 Heavy Battery 14/12/1940 Renamed 15 Coast BatteryRenamed 15 HAA Battery01/04/1947 Renamed 20 HAA Battery1955 Renamed 20 Medium Battery1961 Renamed 20 (Amphibious Operations) Battery, 95 Regiment1964 Renamed 20 Light Battery1965 Renamed 20 Commando (Amphibious Operations) Battery1988 G Troop formed1990 20 (Commando) Battery reformed2004 Renamed 20 Battery Royal Artillery, 16 Regiment RA


20 Below
20 Below is the debut solo studio album by American hip hop recording artist MC Breed from Flint, Michigan. It was released on May 12, 1992 via Wrap Records and S.D.E.G. Records with distribution by Ichiban Records. Recording sessions took place at Silver Sun Recording Studio in Flint with producers DJ Flash and Bernard Terry. It features guest appearances from Chuck Nyce and Night & Day.


20 Below
The album peaked at #155 on the Billboard 200, at #40 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and at #6 on the Heatseekers Albums chart in the United States. It spawned three singles: "Ain't to Be F...ed With", "Ain't Too Much Worried" and "No Frontin' Allowed". The first two singles from the album made it to the Hot Rap Songs chart – "Ain't to Be Fucked With" reached #14, while "Ain't Too Much Worried" reached #12.


20 Boötis
20 Boötis is a single star in the northern constellation of Boötes, located 183 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.84. The star has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.154 arc seconds per annum. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −8 km/s.


20 Boötis
This is an aging K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K3 III. It is a red clump giant, which indicates it is on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through helium fusion at its core. The star is around five billion years old with 1.1 times the mass of the Sun and has expanded to 12 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 52 times the luminosity of the Sun from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,472 K.


20 Canada Square
20 Canada Square is an office building located in the Canary Wharf section of London. Currently, 20 Canada Square is home to the London Trading offices (IST) of BP and the UK headquarters of American company S&P Global.


20 Canada Square
The building is divided into twelve floors, with S&P Global and BP each occupying 6 floors.


20 Canada Square
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20 Cancri
20 Cancri is an astrometric binary star system in the constellation Cancer, located about 348 light years away from the Sun. This system has the Bayer designation d1 Cancri; 20 Cancri is the Flamsteed designation. It is just visible to the naked eye under good viewing conditions, appearing as a dim, white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.94. The pair are moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +36 km/s, and are members of the Hyades Supercluster.


20 Cancri
The visible component of this system is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A9 V, which indicates it is generating energy by hydrogen fusion at its core. It has 2.4 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 60 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,907 K.


20 Canum Venaticorum
20 Canum Venaticorum is a single variable star in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici, located 238 light years from the Sun. This object has the variable star designation AO Canum Venaticorum; 20 Canum Venaticorum is the Flamsteed designation. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with a baseline apparent visual magnitude of +4.72. The star is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +9 km/s. Eggen (1971) listed this star as a member of the Hyades Stream.


20 Canum Venaticorum
This star has a stellar classification of A9 II mF2, which indicates the hydrogen line matches an A-type bright giant but the metal lines are closer to an F-type star. However, it does not appear to be an Am star as the Calcium K line is normal. Earlier, Morgan and Abt (1972) assigned it a giant star class of F3 III. It is classified as a Delta Scuti type variable star with a single radial pulsation mode providing the best fit to the observed variation. Its brightness varies from magnitude +4.70 to +4.75 with a period of 2.92 hours.


20 Canum Venaticorum
20 Canum Venaticorum is 750 million years old with 2.43 times the mass of the Sun and 4 time the Sun's radius. It is radiating 63 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,314 K.


20 Centimeters
20 Centimeters (Spanish: 20 centímetros) is a 2005 Spanish film about a narcoleptic transgender woman's life as she works to get the surgery to fix her "20 centímetros" problem. The film was written and directed by Ramón Salazar, and stars Mónica Cervera as Marieta and Pablo Puyol as Raúl, the man who loves "all" of Marieta. The film premiered at the 2005 Málaga Film Festival.


20 Centimeters, Plot
Marieta (Mónica Cervera), a transgender woman, works as a prostitute in the city of Madrid to save money for a sex change operation. Her narcoleptic spells cause her to fall asleep at any sudden moment, and each time she dreams she is the star of musical numbers where she is free to sing and dance as her true self. Marieta meets a man who works at the market, Raúl (Pablo Puyol), and he loves her with her appendage. This creates a conflict for Marieta, who is happy about her new found love, yet so desperately wants her operation to feel like her whole true self.


20 Centimeters, Reception
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 44% based on reviews from 16 critics.


20 Centres for 2010
20 Centres for 2010 is an official campaign by FIFA coinciding with the 2010 World Cup in South Africa. Twenty centres will be built in twenty different cities across Africa. Education and public health will be the social services offered to youths, along with a soccer field children can use.


20 Ceti
20 Ceti is a single star located around 590 light years away in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with apparent magnitude is 4.76. The Bright Star Catalogue has this star classified as M0III, matching an aging red giant star that has consumed the hydrogen at its core and expanded. Houk and Swift (1999) listed an earlier class of K5 III. It has around 56 times the Sun's radius and is radiating 1,044 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,920 K.


20 Cigarettes (film)
20 Cigarettes (Italian: 20 sigarette) is a 2010 Italian drama film directed by Aureliano Amadei. Amadei was a survivor of the 2003 Nasiriyah bombing and recalls his experience in the film.


20 Cigarettes (play)
20 Cigarettes is a play and radio play written by Marcy Kahan.


20 Cigarettes (play)
It was performed between 15 August and 30 August 2007 at the Soho Theatre for the National Youth Theatre. The theatre developed the play in response to the introduction of the smoking ban in England, asking how smoking forms part of our identity.


20 Cigarettes (play), Synopsis
Oscar Klavier has been a smoker since his mother introduced him to cigarettes as a schoolboy. As a middle-aged man, the women he loves gives him an ultimatum: she will only marry him if he gives up smoking. To help him quit, a therapist encourages him to discuss the 20 most emotionally important cigarettes of his life.


20 Cigarettes (play), Production history
Kahan was commissioned by the BBC to write the radio play, and then in 2007 to rewrite the play for the stage by the National Youth Theatre. The production was directed by Toby Frow.


20 Cigarettes (play), Production history
Following the introduction of the smoking ban, the theatre had to ask special permission for the actors to light up on stage.


20 Cigarettes (play), Radio Play
The radio play was broadcast on BBC Radio 7 on 9 January 2008, starting Anton Lesser and Stephen Mangan.


20 Cigarettes (play), Cast
The cast of the 2007 National Youth Theatre production was (in alphabetical order):


20 College Green
20 College Green is an early 17th-century house located in Gloucester. Together with the associated part of the Abbey Precinct Wall the house is a Grade II* listed building with Historic England. It is located in the precincts of Gloucester Cathedral. The house was begun in 1596, but was altered and added to in the 18th century. The house incorporates the 12th century precinct wall of St Peter's Abbey as well as another wall that lay between the former monk's cemetery to the east and the lay cemetery to the west. 20 College Green was listed as a Grade II* listed building on March 12, 1973. Its residents have included the musicians Herbert Sumsion and John Sanders.


20 College Green, History
Up until 1768, the precincts of Gloucester Cathedral were divided in two; the area to the east of this wall was known as the Upper College Churchyard, while the area to the west was known as the Lower College Churchyard. A building where 20 College Green stands now was the first to be built in the Upper College Churchyard. The site had been let from the year 1595, when it was leased to one John Brewster, gentleman. Early reports described it as part of the churchyard but


20 College Green, History
latelye inclosed paled about and separated from thother parte of the said churchyarde lyinge neare unto the over gate...and now used as a garden by the said John Brewster.


20 College Green, History
Brewster's land evidently caused some consternation. At the 1613 visitation, when asked whether anyone had encroached or put a garden on any area of the churchyard where burials had formerly taken place, the reply was that there were now two enclosures of such nature,


20 College Green, History
one made by Mr. Bruister nowe in the occupation of Steeve Cooke six lugge of ground, thother by William Elbridge about 4 lugge, now in the occupation of Mr. Loe & John Elbridge.


20 Comedy Hits
20 Comedy Hits is a collection of previously recorded songs by Ray Stevens, released in 1995. The first, third, fourth and fifth tracks were included through the courtesy of Barnaby Records, for whom Stevens recorded during the early seventies. The selection of "Shriner's Convention" is a live version that was taken from the album Ray Stevens Live! "Gitarzan" is the album version that begins with audience noises, and "Ahab the Arab" is a re-recording of his 1962 hit for his album Gitarzan (released in 1969).


20 Comedy Hits
The remaining tracks are selections that were recorded for Curb Records; of these selections, only two were released as singles ("Super Cop" and "The Motel Song") and the rest served as album cuts. The sixth to ninth tracks were taken from the album Classic Ray Stevens, the tenth to thirteenth tracks from #1 With a Bullet, and the last seven from Lend Me Your Ears. Overall, it is not completely accurate to include the word "hits" in the title of this compilation, as it contains only seven songs that were previously released as singles and five of the seven made true impact on the charts.


20 Comedy Hits
Inside the album cover is an essay by Barry Alfonso that covers Stevens' life and career from his year of birth to the time of the release of this collection.


20 Cygni
20 Cygni is a single, orange-hued star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is a faint star but is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.03. The distance to 20 Cygni can be estimated from its annual parallax shift of 16 mas, which yields a range of 202 light years. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −22 km/s.


20 Cygni
This is an aging red giant star with a stellar classification of K3 III CN2, a star that has used up its core hydrogen and is expanding. The suffix notation indicates there are unusually strong lines of cyanogen in the spectrum. 20 Cyg is listed as one of the least variable stars in the Hipparcos catalogue, changing its brightness by no more than 0.01 magnitude. It has 1.28 times the mass of the Sun and has expanded to 13 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 57.5 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,337 K.


20 Dakika
20 Dakika ("20 Minutes") is a Turkish television drama series broadcast on Star TV. This story talks about a beautiful family. A father, mother, daughter and a son that lived together in happiness and peace. One day, the police stormed in and took the mother (Tuba Buykustun) to jail. She was suspected of committing a murder and sentenced to 20 years in prison. Her husband (Ilker Aksum) tries to prove her innocence while at the same time the criminal investigator (Firat Celik) tried to find as much evidence as he can to find out the truth. But the big question is did she really commit the murder?


20 Dartmouth Hill
20 Dartmouth Hill is a Grade II listed building at 20 Dartmouth Hill, Blackheath, London, SE10.


20 Dartmouth Hill
The house dates from the late 18th century. It was lived in by the meteorologist and aeronaut James Glaisher FRS (1809-1903).


20 Dates
20 Dates is a 1998 American mockumentary film. Myles Berkowitz directs and stars as himself, a man who decides to combine "the two biggest failures in my life--professional and personal" by setting out on a filmed quest to have 20 dates and come out with both a movie career and a love interest. While most of his dates are disasters of varying stripes, Myles ultimately meets the lovely Elisabeth on his 17th date and they completely hit it off, leaving him with a new dilemma when he wants to finish the movie anyway and puts his new romance at risk.


20 Dates, Reception
The film received mixed reviews from critics. The aggregate review websites Rotten Tomatoes and Metacritic recorded scores of 36% and 36 out of 100, respectively.


20 Dates, Reception
Film critic Christopher Null of Filmcritic.com awarded the film four and a half stars out of five and called the film "hysterical" while Leonard Clady of Variety called it "a mockumentary of inordinate skill", concluding that it's "a satisfying and entertaining movie." James Berardinelli of ReelViews.net called the film "inconsequential" but, at the same time, admitted that some parts of the film are "often hilarious."


20 Dates, Reception
On the other hand, film critic Roger Ebert of Chicago Sun-Times awarded the film a half star out of a possible four stars, opining that "the film has the obnoxious tone of a boring home movie narrated by a guy shouting in your ear" and concluding by calling the film "incompetent and annoying." Jeff Millar of the Houston Chronicle said the film is "a joke" and that "Berkowitz is a rather annoying person".


20 De Colección (Carlos Vives album)
20 De Colección is a compilation album by Colombian singer/musician Carlos Vives released on June 21, 1994. The collection was released as part of the Sony International 20 De Colección series.


20 De Colección (Carlos Vives album)
The album is one of many Vives "hits" collections that appeared shortly after the singer's breakthrough Clasicos de la Provincia, exposing fans unfamiliar with Vives's earlier work. Vives's previous pop/ballad albums No Podrás Escapar de Mí and Al Centro de la Ciudad, which met with lukewarm reception, are both compiled here in their entirety, in original song order. The last two tracks come from the soundtrack Escalona: Un Canto a la Vida, which marked the beginning of Vive's signature vallenato sound.


20 De Colección (Carlos Vives album), Track listing
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20 Dead Flower Children
20 Dead Flower Children were an American metal band from Detroit, Michigan, United States, which formed in 1994. They released two records during 1996–1997, before breaking up in the early 2000s.


20 Dead Flower Children, History
Formed during 1994, the band released their sef-titled debut 20 Dead Flower Children through local label Overture Records in February 1996. The vocalist for this record, known as "Von", would depart shortly after it was released. While his departure placed 20 Dead Flower Children's future in doubt, they would eventually find a new vocalist,  Dennis "D-Hauz" Hogan, and signed to rapper Esham's Overcore Records. Their second album, titled Candy Toy Guns and Television, was released by the label on June 24, 1997.


20 Dead Flower Children, History
In 1998, the band replaced their bassist and relocated to Huntington Beach, California. They later joined the TVT Records roster, as Overcore Records had become a subsidiary of TVT. The label would reissue Candy Toy Guns and Television on Halloween of 2000. However, this partnership yielded no new studio recording for the band, aside from various demos released by the band themselves. In 2001, 20 Dead Flower Children split up.


20 Dead Flower Children, History
On June 3, 2006, a one-off reunion show occurred at The Brigg in Huntington Beach.


20 Disco Greats / 20 Love Songs
20 Disco Greats / 20 Love Songs is a double album released by British pop group Brotherhood of Man which was released as two separate albums, but sold together as a 'buy one get one free' package, as was the popular trend at the time.


20 Disco Greats / 20 Love Songs, Background
This album was a collection of cover versions, following on from their successful Sing 20 Number One Hits album released a year earlier. The songs contained were cover versions of hit songs from the UK charts spanning the years 1972 to 1981. The album was released by Warwick Records (United Kingdom) in November 1981, but failed to replicate the success of the previous one, thus ending their contract with the label.


20 Disco Greats / 20 Love Songs, Background
Some months later, the group commented on the album; "we recorded [the album] to keep the group together and get our faces on the TV screen where they were advertised". On the lack of new material present they said "we didn't bother to release a single or record a proper album because we knew they wouldn't make any impact".


20 Disco Greats / 20 Love Songs, Background
The album contained no single releases. The label on the 20 Disco Greats record gives the title as Dance Yourself Dizzy, while the label on 20 Love Songs gives the title as In Love. Although listed separately, the songs "Copacabana" and "I'll Go Where Your Music Takes Me" merge into each other, and have been listed as one track on subsequent compilation releases. The song "She's out of My Life" is listed as such, but is sung (by member Sandra Stevens) as "He's out of My Life".


20 Disco Greats / 20 Love Songs, Background
A noticeable trend on the album was the tendency to reverse the sex of the original performer. Where songs had been originally performed by males, they were performed here by the female members, such as Rod Stewart's "Do Ya Think I'm Sexy" sung by Sandra and Nicky and Baccara's "Yes Sir I Can Boogie" by Martin and Lee.


20 Disco Greats / 20 Love Songs, Background
Of the covers contained, the earliest was Harry Nilsson's version of "Without You", which was a No.1 hit in March 1972, while the most recent was Stevie Wonder's "Happy Birthday", which had reached No.2 in August 1981. Of the 40 tracks, 13 had been UK No.1s, while all the rest were UK top 20 hits apart from "Copacabana" and "I'll Go Where Your Music Takes Me", which reached No.42 and No.23 respectively. The album contained three songs by The Bee Gees, as well as Barbra Streisand's "Woman in Love", which was written by them. ABBA - a group Brotherhood of Man had been compared to many times during their career, were included with a cover of their song "Lay All Your Love On Me", which at the time was the group's most recent (although one of their less significant) hit.


20 Disco Greats / 20 Love Songs, Background
The album was released on Vinyl and Cassette, and although has never been released on Compact Disc, many of the tracks have appeared on various compilation CDs of the group in recent years. The cover photos were taken at Tokyo Joe's night club (now defunct) in Mayfair, London.


20 Dynamic Hits
20 Dynamic Hits is a compilation album released on vinyl by K-Tel in 1972. It reached number 1 in the UK and was the first album put together specifically for telemarketing in that country. At a time when various artists compilations were eligible for inclusion on the UK's Official Album Chart, this was the biggest selling album of 1972.


20 East End Avenue
20 East End Avenue is a condominium apartment building on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was designed in a New Classical style by Robert A.M. Stern Architects. The building consists of 43 apartments, including two duplex townhomes, one maisonette and two penthouses.


20 East End Avenue, History
20 East End Avenue was developed by Edward Baquero of Corigin Real Estate Group. An entry-level, two-bedroom apartment was initially priced at approximately $4.5 million and one of the two penthouses at $39 million. Renderings for the building were released in late 2014. Construction began in early 2015, and the building topped out in November 2015. Facade installation was complete in mid-2016, and residents moved into the building later that year.


20 East End Avenue, Location
The building is located between 80th and 81st Streets, near Carl Schurz Park, on East End Avenue in Yorkville, Manhattan, a neighborhood in the Upper East Side. East End Avenue, on the eastern edge of the Upper East Side, has long been home to some of the city's richest residents including the late Vincent Astor and Gloria Vanderbilt.


20 East End Avenue, Architecture
The building is similar to several others designed by Robert A. M. Stern. It was inspired by buildings constructed in the 1920s and 1930s and other pre-war buildings, particularly those designed by J.E.R. Carpenter and Rosario Candela. The building includes features often found in pre-war buildings, such as a porte-cochère, setbacks, and a brick and Indiana limestone façade. In 2019 the building won the distinguished Stanford White Award for residential architecture. The ceremony was held at the Metropolitan Club on New Yorks 5th Avenue which was designed by Stanford White in 1894. This is the second time Robert A.M. Stern has won this prize. The first time was for 15 Central Park West in 2012.


20 East End Avenue, Amenities
The building is one of the last in New York to incorporate wood-burning fireplaces after New York City banned the creation of new ones in 2014. Other amenities include a gym, library, billiards room, poker room, wine cellar, private dining room, spa and storage facilities.


20 Exchange Place
20 Exchange Place (formerly the City Bank–Farmers Trust Building) is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. Completed in 1931, it was designed by Cross & Cross in the Art Deco style as the headquarters of the City Bank–Farmers Trust Company, predecessor of Citigroup. The building, standing at approximately 741 feet (226 m) with 57 usable stories, was one of the city's tallest buildings and the world's tallest stone-clad building at the time of its completion. While 20 Exchange Place was intended to be the world's tallest building at the time of its construction, the Great Depression resulted in the current scaled-back plan.


20 Exchange Place
The building has a granite and limestone facade, as well as internal superstructure is made of steel. The lower section of the facade fills an entire irregular city block, and contains giant piers supporting standalone figures depicting the "giants of finance", as well as decorations designed by David Evans. The main entrance on Exchange Place has a round arch with granite medallions representing the countries where City Bank Farmers Trust operated offices. The upper stories rise as a square tower with chamfered corners and is offset from the base.


20 Exchange Place
The City Bank–Farmers Trust Building was built between 1930 and 1931, for the newly merged National City Bank of New York and the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company. It remained the company's headquarters until 1956 and was ultimately sold in 1979. The 16th through 57th floors of the building were converted from commercial to residential space by Metro Loft Management during the 1990s. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated 20 Exchange Place as an official city landmark in 1996. It is also a contributing property to the Wall Street Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places district created in 2007.


20 Exchange Place, Site
20 Exchange Place occupies a full block along Exchange Place to the north, Hanover Street to the east, Beaver Street to the south, and William Street to the west. The surrounding street grid, built as part of the colony of New Amsterdam, remains mostly as documented in the 17th-century Castello Plan. As such, the block is irregular in shape. Nearby buildings include 55 Wall Street to the north; the Wall and Hanover Building to the northeast; the 1 Wall Street Court to the east; the Delmonico's Building and 1 William Street to the southwest; and the 15 William and Broad Exchange Building to the west.


20 Exchange Place, Site
The first recorded structure on the site was the house of Dutch ship's carpenter Tymen Jansen, built in the 17th century. By the 1890s, the block was occupied by larger buildings. Just prior to 20 Exchange Place's construction, the block contained four structures: two 10-story buildings on William Street, one 9-story building on Hanover Street, and one 15-story building extending between Beaver Street and Exchange Place.


20 Exchange Place, Design
The City Bank–Farmers Trust Building was designed by Cross & Cross and constructed by the George A. Fuller Company, with Moran & Proctor as the engineers for the foundation and tower. The firm described the building as having no particular architectural style. However, observers characterized it as having a "modern classic" style with minimal Art Deco ornamentation.


20 Exchange Place, Design
The precise height of 20 Exchange Place is disputed. According to Emporis and SkyscraperPage, the building is 741 feet (226 m) tall with 57 usable stories, and has an antenna reaching 748 feet (228 m). However, the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission quotes New York City Department of Buildings records as saying that the building is only 685 feet 7.125 inches (209 m) tall. Christopher Gray of The New York Times described the building as being 59 stories high and 750 feet (230 m) in 2008. Another Times article and the Wall Street Journal, in 1931, quoted the building as being 745 feet (227 m) tall (accounting for minor deviations), but having only 54 usable stories, excluding the spaces at the top.


20 Exchange Place, Design
The base of the building fills the entire block. There are several setbacks between the base and tower portions of 20 Exchange Place. These setbacks include those at the 19th and 21st floors. The tower portion, rising above the 21st floor, is octagonal in plan, with four chamfered corners between four longer sides. When 20 Exchange Place was completed, the Architectural Forum wrote that the building avoided "exaggeration of forms for originality's sake alone".


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade
The facade was made almost entirely of white Rockwood stone, except the first floor, which is clad with Mohegan granite. Some 180,000 cubic feet (5,100 m3) of gray- and blue-tinted stone was quarried from Alabama and brought to New York in pieces weighing up to 49,500 pounds (22,500 kg). The stone weighs 27,000,000 pounds (12,000,000 kg) in total. British sculptor David Evans was hired to design much of the lower stories' decoration.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Entrances
The entrances are designed with nickel-silver doors rather than bronze doors; one source attributed this to the architects' desire to avoid using "colored metal". The main entrance, on the Exchange Place elevation, has a round arch surrounded by eleven granite medallions, representing the countries where City Bank Farmers Trust operated offices. There are also granite medallions flanking and above the arch, as well as the National City Bank's seal at the top left and the National City Company's seal at the top right. Two vertical illuminated signs, one on either side of the arch, contain the word "Twenty". Within this arch, there are steps leading to doors underneath a large grouping of windows, while a lamp hangs from a soffit at the top of the arch's ceiling.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Entrances
Another entrance faces the corner of Exchange Place and William Street. It has four doors made of silver and an alloy of bronze, zinc, and copper, and are trimmed with bronze. The doors each contain three panels showing different modes of transportation. Above the outer doors are nickel silver panels with allegorical bronze figures, one symbolizing banking and the other symbolizing abundance; both are surrounded by animal and floral figures. There are glass panes above the doors and panels; they are separated by mullions ornamented with industry symbols. A seal of City Bank Farmers Trust and a flagpole are mounted above the entrance. This led to City Bank Farmers Trust's main banking space.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Entrances
A third entrance, at Beaver and William Streets, is similar to the Exchange Place and William Street entrance, except that it only has two paneled doors. The doors and the panels above the doors are surrounded by a granite frame. The glass panes above the granite frame do not have ornamented mullions.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Entrances
A fourth entrance faces Beaver Street and consists of three round arches with carved surroundings. The center arch is a service entrance and has another carved surround with a small pediment above the door, consisting of snakes flanking a bison head above the door. The side arches each have four nickel-silver doors underneath marble-and-glass transoms. There is also a medallion above the center arch.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Entrances
A fifth entrance is centered on the Hanover Street elevation, and is an arched opening with a carved surround. Similar to the entrance at Exchange Place and William Street, there are four paneled doors, as well as nickel silver panels above the doors, and a set of glass panes above the doors and panels separated by ornamental mullions. When the building opened, the Canadian Bank of Commerce used a banking space accessible from this entrance.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Other elements
On the William Street, Beaver Street, and Exchange Place elevations, the lowest two stories of the base have several double-height window openings, all of which contain a silver grille at the bottom and keystones above the top center. There are smaller square-headed windows at the extreme ends of all of the building's elevations, including the Hanover Street side. On William Street, the only side that does not have a direct entrance, there are five large window openings. The Beaver Street elevation has seven large windows: three to the west of the entrance and four to the east. The Exchange Place elevation has three large windows east of the center archway and one large window to the west, as well as an additional two small windows on either side of the arch. The Hanover Place entrance is flanked by the smaller windows.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Other elements
The rest of the base contains relatively little decoration, with sash windows on each floor. The 4th floor contains small rectangular openings, and the 5th floor contains single windows or pairs of windows separated by geometric panels, and topped by a boxy cornice with geometric shapes. Between the 6th and 17th stories, the spandrels between the windows on each floor are made of either blue-pearl granite or aluminum, and many spandrels have medallions. Piers subdivide the windows into either singular or paired groupings.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Other elements
There are fourteen figures at the 19th floor, corresponding to the piers directly in front of the tower. The figures contain representations of "giants of finance"; half are depicted with scowls, while the other half have smiles. These piers aesthetically separated the base and tower, though they also symbolized the bull and bear markets of finance. The intake pipes for the building's heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system are concealed behind the spandrels, while the exhaust pipes are behind the "giants of finance". The outermost piers are topped by eagles at the 17th floor. At the highest setback, there are buttresses that transfer some of the upper-story loads to the base.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Facade, Other elements
The upper floors contain sparse decoration as well. Between the sash windows on each floor are aluminum spandrels, many of which also contain medallions. These windows are grouped into three pairs per side. The corners of the tower are chamfered, with one window on each floor. At the 29th, 39th, 48th, and 55th stories, there are ashlar bands between each floor, instead of aluminum spandrels. The 55th through 57th stories contain three tall arches on each side. The arches are underneath the two-tiered "crown", which has communications equipment.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features
The underlying ground contained quicksand and water, as well as foundations from the previous buildings on the site, and the entire city block was irregularly shaped. As a result, the building used cross-lot bracing as well as a heavy steel frame. The building's foundation descends 65 feet (20 m) below the curb and includes four  or five basement levels. The two lowest basement floors were dug out of the bedrock 40 feet (12 m) below the groundwater level. The basement also had to avoid a nearby New York City Subway line.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features
The superstructure uses 20,200 short tons (18,000 long tons; 18,300 t) of steel as well as 300,000 square feet (28,000 m2). The building was constructed with four elevator banks, containing a total of 31 elevators. The banking floors also had what was described as the world's largest pneumatic-tube system to be used in a banking facility. The two buildings comprising National City Bank's global headquarters, 20 Exchange Place and 55 Wall Street, were connected by a now-demolished pedestrian bridge over Exchange Place, located at the ninth floor. The bridge was 109 feet (33 m) above the ground.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features, Lower stories
David Evans designed many of the lobby's decorations. The entrance from Exchange Place and William Street leads to a rotunda with numerous types of marble, including a Czechoslovak golden travertine. The rotunda measures 30 feet (9.1 m) high by 36 feet (11 m) across, finished in stone and carried by six red marble columns. The capitals of the columns are decorated with carvings of eagles. The lobbies contained 45 types of marble from numerous countries, including at least six European countries; only two types of marble were from the United States. The rotunda's design might have been inspired by French architect Roger-Henri Expert's work. The dome consists of stepped concentric rings with black and silver stenciling, with a plastic hemisphere at the apex of the dome.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features, Lower stories
A half-flight of stairs leads upward from the rotunda to a space that formerly served as the senior officers' room. The space measures 48 by 85 feet (15 by 26 m), with large pillars and English oak paneling. The senior officers' room was decorated with reliefs of the building and representations of agriculture, banking, and industry. The offices of City Bank's president were at the back of the senior officers' room. Another half-flight of curved marble stairs, leading down from the rotunda, connected to the branch banking rooms, whose main entrance was at William and Beaver Streets. The high ceilings were used as a filming location for several movies such as Inside Man and The Amazing Spider-Man 2.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features, Lower stories
The lobby from the center of Exchange Place leads to separate elevator banks for the lowest 14 stories, the upper office stories, and the dining rooms on the 51st and 52nd stories. The main elevator lobby has colored panels made of mosaic, while a private ground-floor lobby has green-marble decorations.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features, Lower stories
There were five banking rooms used by the City Bank Farmers Trust Company. Besides the branch banking room, there was a securities room at ground level, a transfer room and another securities room in basement level A, and a reserve banking room in basement level B. The basements contained two large vaults each measuring 156 by 52 feet (48 by 16 m), as well as a smaller vault for overnight storage; the vaults were guarded by doors weighing between 30 to 40 short tons (27 to 36 t). The security system could detect tiny vibrations in the steel and concrete.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features, Lower stories
The basement also had a three-man shooting gallery for the vault's guards to practice. The Canadian Bank of Commerce occupied the Hanover Street side of the ground level. Floor plans indicate that the Canadian Bank of Commerce's space had cable and telegraph offices on the Exchange Place side and accountants' offices on the Beaver Street side.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features, Upper stories
The fifteenth floor was devoted exclusively to a telephone exchange. Telephone engineers considered the exchange to be the world's largest, with 37 switchboard operators connecting with 600 trunk lines and 3,600 extensions. The rest of the building was similarly technologically advanced. For instance, soap was stored in a basement reservoir and pumped to every bathroom sink. There were dining rooms and kitchens on the 51st and 52nd floors. Since being converted to residential use, 20 Exchange Place has contained 767 residential apartments. There are also several residential amenities such as a gym, lounge, and gaming room.


20 Exchange Place, Design, Features, Upper stories
The upper floors were decorated with 15 types of wood. A copper and nickel alloy was used for other ornamental features; the baseboards used stainless steel; and the handrails and toilets were plated with chromium. The floors in the 27 upper stories average 5,000 square feet (460 m2). The top floors taper to 2,000 square feet (190 m2).


20 Exchange Place, History
National City Bank and the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company were both longstanding New York City institutions, with the former being founded in 1812 and the latter in 1822. In subsequent years, other banks began moving to residential buildings on Wall Street and, by the 1820s, financial institutions made up the vast majority of tenants there. By the late 19th century, the site of 20 Exchange Place had become associated with the banking industry as well, with institutions such as the Canadian Bank of Commerce occupying the buildings on the block.


20 Exchange Place, History
In 1908, National City Bank moved its headquarters to 55 Wall Street, directly north of what would become 20 Exchange Place. The Farmers Loan and Trust Company, meanwhile, occupied one of the buildings on 20 Exchange Place's site. National City Bank and the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company merged in 1929. National City Bank took over the expanded bank's banking operations, while Farmers' Trust became the City Bank Farmers Trust Company, a subsidiary of National City Bank that took over the trust operations.


20 Exchange Place, History, Construction
After the merger, City Bank Farmers Trust commissioned a new structure at 20 Exchange Place to house the operations of the expanded bank. The firm of Cross & Cross, which was selected for the project, may have known City Bank's chief executive James H. Perkins socially. At the time, several skyscrapers in New York City were competing to be the world's tallest building, including the Chrysler Building, the Empire State Building, and 40 Wall Street, none of which were yet under construction. 20 Exchange Place was originally among those contenders for that title.


20 Exchange Place, History, Construction
According to the Architectural Forum, the design process had to be "a coordinated solution to complex mechanical problems and the strenuous demands of economics", with aesthetic considerations as an afterthought. Cross & Cross's offices created drafting, filing, and sample rooms specifically for the project, with relevant desks and files being clustered for convenience. George J. Maguolo supervised a design team that sculpted clay models for the proposed skyscraper.


20 Exchange Place, History, Construction
In October 1929, City Bank Farmers Trust filed tentative plans for a structure of either 846.4 or 925 feet (258.0 or 281.9 m), with 71 stories and a budget of $9.5 million. This building would have consisted of an 80-by-80-foot (24 by 24 m) rising above the 28th floor and tapering at the 50th floor, with a 15-foot (4.6 m) globe-shaped lantern at the pinnacle supported by four eagles. The skyscraper, as initially planned, would have been the headquarters for a larger bank, to be created by merging the City Bank Farmers Trust and the Corn Exchange Bank. At least three early architect's sketches were drawn. The merger between the City Bank Farmers Trust and the Corn Exchange Bank was scrapped in the Wall Street Crash of 1929. Consequently, the building was reduced to 54 stories.


20 Exchange Place, History, Construction
Steel construction started in late February 1930, with the first steel column being placed on February 25. The Fuller Company, the building's contractor, employed an average of 2,000 workers simultaneously, with up to 3,000 workers on-site at a time; a large proportion of the workforce, comprising over 600 workers, were hired for the stonework. The builders anticipated a total payroll of $7.5 million with 5,000 total workers. The stonework was completed in November 1930. Some of the construction workers involved in the project were honored in a January 1931 ceremony.


20 Exchange Place, History, Office use
By February 20, 1931, the bank had started moving into its quarters. The building opened for City Bank Farmers Trust's use on February 24, 1931. On opening day, The New York Times stated that about 3,851 people per hour visited the building. At the time, the upper floors were not open for use because the elevators had not been completed. When it opened, 20 Exchange Place the tallest stone-clad building in the city and the world; that record would be surpassed by the Empire State Building, which opened on May 1, 1931. In addition, 20 Exchange Place was the fourth-tallest building in Manhattan.


20 Exchange Place, History, Office use
Construction was officially completed in mid-March 1931, one and a half months ahead of schedule. The same month, National City Bank conveyed a one-fourth interest in the building to the City Bank Farmers Trust Company in March 1931. City Bank Farmers Trust occupied almost all of the space on the first through 12th floors, as well as the basement stories. The Canadian Bank of Commerce also took some space on the Hanover Street side of the ground level.


20 Exchange Place, History, Office use
Other tenants took space in the upper floors, including law firms, as well as other banks such as BNY Mellon and First Boston. City Bank Farmers Trust remained the largest occupant of the building, occupying 75 percent of the floor area at its peak. Part of the interior was altered in 1945.


20 Exchange Place, History, Office use
National City Bank merged with the First National Bank in 1955, becoming First National City Bank. Shortly afterward, in March 1958, City Bank Farmers Trust took over the construction of a skyscraper on 399 Park Avenue, which was to contain most of the operations of First National City Bank. City Bank Farmers Trust moved to the newly completed 399 Park Avenue in 1961. The same year, 20 Exchange Place's eastern wing was undergoing renovations; in late 1961, some of these materials caught fire, leading 25 people to be trapped in the elevators.


20 Exchange Place, History, Office use
First National City Bank was renamed Citibank in 1976, and the bank sold off 20 Exchange Place in 1979, though it retained space there. According to telephone interviews conducted by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, both Citibank and the Canadian Bank of Commerce moved out of 20 Exchange Place in 1989.


20 Exchange Place, History, Residential use
In late 1997, the building was sold to a joint venture between the Witkoff Group and Kamran Hakim. Witkoff and Hakim considered plans to convert 20 Exchange Place into a hotel or a residential building, or retain office uses, before they ultimately decided to renovate the building for $25 million and convert the upper floors into apartments. Some 130,000 square feet (12,000 m2) in the lowest eighteen floors was retained as commercial space; a third of this area was taken by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in 1999. During the renovation, some of the building's decorative elements were stolen. When DMJM Harris Arup took a 70,500-square-foot (6,550 m2) sublease at 20 Exchange Place in early 2002, it became one of the largest office leases in Lower Manhattan since the September 11, 2001, attacks.


20 Exchange Place, History, Residential use
By 2004, developers Yaron (Ronny) Bruckner and Nathan Berman had bought 20 Exchange Place. They proposed converting the building for nearly entirely residential use, with 250 condominiums in the tower and commercial space at the building's base. DTH Capital, a joint venture between the Bruckner family's Eastbridge Group and AG Real Estate, became the new developers of the building. The project received two mezzanine loans of a combined $135 million in 2004. Two years later, the joint venture received a $256.5 million construction loan from a group of several lenders; this loan was refinanced in 2009.


20 Exchange Place, History, Residential use
These loans were used to convert some units to apartments. The first apartments were ready for occupancy by early 2008. Metro Loft Management, who oversaw the conversion, created 350 units between the 16th and 57th floors. In 2014, DTH Capital received an additional $240 million loan that allowed the firm to convert the 9th through 15th floors to 221 luxury units. DMJM Harris Arup had recently vacated the space at the time. The conversion was ultimately completed in 2015, spanning three phases of construction.


20 Exchange Place, Critical reception and landmark designations
At the time of the building's completion, the Times characterized 20 Exchange Place as "magnificent", and that other unnamed critics had called it "one of the handsomest buildings" in New York City. In a book published in 1932, W. Parker Chase wrote that "Everything in connection with this monumental building expresses beauty, completeness and grandeur." In 2014, Christopher Gray of the Times said that "from a distance it appears a straightforward limestone skyscraper. But up close, it is rich with silver nickel moderne-style metalwork, and the interiors are a perplexing mix of staid banker and Art Deco classicism."


20 Exchange Place, Critical reception and landmark designations
Not all criticism was positive. Architecture critic Robert A. M. Stern wrote in his 1987 book New York 1930 that 20 Exchange Place's proximity to other skyscrapers including 70 Pine Street, 1 Wall Street, 40 Wall Street, and the Downtown Athletic Club "had reduced the previous generation of skyscrapers to the status of foothills in a new mountain range".


20 Exchange Place, Critical reception and landmark designations
The building was designated by the Landmarks Preservation Commission as a city landmark in 1996. In 2007, the building was designated as a contributing property to the Wall Street Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places district.


20 Fantastic Hits
20 Fantastic Hits is a compilation album that reached number 1 in the UK. It is a notable album in that it was the first ever - and ultimately most successful - LP by compilation label Arcade Records.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending
20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending (also Redemption: The Darkness Descending) is a 2013 American horror film directed by Marc Clebanoff, written by Frank Krueger, and starring Danny Trejo, Kinga Philipps, and Krueger. Philipps plays a documentary filmmaker who enters abandoned New York City Subway tunnels to film a documentary on the homeless people who live there, which include an ex-cop (Krueger) and cult leader (Trejo). The film is based on an earlier web series by Clebanoff.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending, Plot
Documentary filmmaker Chelsea enters the abandoned New York City Subway tunnels that homeless squatters use. Cops Smitty and Lockeheed warn her to be careful, but she dismisses their concerns. There, she befriends and interviews Skeeter, who leads her on a tour. Skeeter introduces her to Jake, an ex-cop who has become self-destructive since his wife's murder; Gabriel, a former social worker; Harmony, an artist; Razor and Ajax, gang members; Flash and Alexis, orphaned twins; and, at her insistence, Angel, the leader of a cult-like, violent anarchist gang. Angel plans a revolution against the surface world, whom he blames for persecuting the homeless. After he offhandedly threatens to murder Chelsea as a show of power, Angel releases her and tells her to warn the surface world of his wrath.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending, Plot
Instead of fleeing, Chelsea stays behind and records a hazing ritual performed by Angel's gang. When Ajax discovers her, Jake rescues Chelsea, drawing the further ire of the gang, who promise retaliations against both of them. The increased gang activity, including the murder of a Wall Street investor, draws the attention of the cops, who organize a sweep through the tunnels. Lockeheed's aggressive behavior during the raid culminates in a violent confrontation with Jake. As Smitty defuses the situation, the gang quietly abducts a young and idealistic cop named Jimmy. Angel sets fire to Jake's home and mounts Jimmy's bloody body nearby as a warning. Chelsea and Gabriel rescue Jake, and they attempt to help Jimmy, who is already dead.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending, Plot
Above ground, Smitty and Lockeheed argue over Jake and return to the tunnels to interrogate him about Jimmy, who has been reported missing. When Lockeheed finds Jake next to Jimmy's dead body, Smitty is no longer able to hold him back. Jake flees deeper into the tunnels, where he receives conflicting advice from Gabriel and Flash. Gabriel advises him to avoid violence, and Flash urges him to confront Angel. When Ajax fails to kill Flash and instead gets beaten, Angel kills Ajax.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending, Plot
Angel then sends his gang out to set bombs in the subway tunnels, and Jake forces Skeeter to lead him to Angel's lair, which is hidden in the deepest, maze-like tunnels. Jake attempts to stop Razor from setting a bomb, but it explodes, derails a subway train, and brings further police activity in the tunnels.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending, Plot
Razor and Jake fight each other; when Lockeheed shoots Jake in the arm, Razor and Jake both flee into the tunnels. Angel's gang wounds Flash as they kidnap Chelsea. Smitty arrests Jake, but Jake convinces Smitty to let him go so that he can rescue Chelsea. When Jake reaches Angel, he discovers that Angel has planned his own death so that he will become a legend to his followers. Smitty and Lockeheed, who have reconciled, converge with the rest of the homeless people on Angel's lair, and they join Chelsea in attempting to stop Jake from killing Angel. Sensing Jake's reluctance, Angel reveals that he was the one who killed Jake's wife. At the last minute, Jake accepts Gabriel's advice and chooses to forgo violence and revenge. Smitty and Lockeheed arrest Angel and lead him away.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending, Production
20 Feet Below was based on director Clebanoff's 2009 web series The Darkness Descending.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending, Release
20 Feet Below premiered at a fan launch party on July 20, 2013, at the San Diego Comic Con. Vertical Entertainment released the film on video on March 18, 2014.


20 Feet Below: The Darkness Descending, Reception
Mark L. Miller of Ain't It Cool News called it "predictable, passably to painfully acted, and dull in parts." HorrorNews.Net wrote, "The script is essentially one cliché after another strung together until they approximate something you might run into on the Lifetime channel".


20 Feet from Stardom
20 Feet from Stardom is a 2013 American documentary film directed by documentary filmmaker Morgan Neville and was produced by Gil Friesen, a music industry executive whose curiosity to know more about the lives of background singers inspired the making of the film.


20 Feet from Stardom
The film follows the behind-the-scenes experiences of backup singers and stars Darlene Love, Judith Hill, Merry Clayton, Lisa Fischer, Tata Vega, and Jo Lawry, among many others. On March 2, 2014, it won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature at the 86th Academy Awards, 23 years after the similar documentary In the Shadow of the Stars (which focused on the members of an opera chorus instead of its stars) won the same award.


20 Feet from Stardom
Lisa Fischer said of backup singing:  "I reject the notion that the job you excel at is somehow not enough to aspire to, that there has to be something more. I love supporting other artists." She added: "Some people will do anything to be famous. I just wanted to sing."


20 Feet from Stardom, Release
On January 17, 2013, the film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival. At Sundance, the film was acquired by Radius-The Weinstein Company and was released nationwide on June 14, 2013. The film was also acquired for international distribution by Elle Driver / Wild Bunch. The film was screened at many film festivals in 2013 including, South by Southwest Film Festival, True/False Film Festival, Full Frame Documentary Film Festival, Hawaii International Film Festival, Philadelphia Music Film Festival, RiverRun Film Festival, San Francisco Film Festival, Seattle International Film Festival, Montclair Film Festival, among others.


20 Feet from Stardom, Reception, Box office
The film was a box office success, grossing $4,946,445 in the domestic box office and $898,560 internationally for a worldwide total of $5,845,005.


20 Feet from Stardom, Reception, Critical reception
20 Feet from Stardom received critical acclaim. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports a 99% approval rating with an average rating of 8/10 based on 128 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads "Rich, insightful, and occasionally heartbreaking, 20 Feet From Stardom is an energetic tribute to the passion, talent, and hard work of backup singers." Metacritic gave the film a score of 83 out of 100, based on 25 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".


20 Feet from Stardom, Reception, Critical reception
The Ithaca Times compared the film to the 2012 book The Wrecking Crew: The Inside Story of Rock and Roll's Best-Kept Secret, which focused on uncredited studio musicians during the same era.


20 Feet from Stardom, Reception, Accolades
At the 86th Academy Awards, it won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. At the 19th Critics' Choice Awards, it also won the Best Documentary Film award. At the 2015 Grammy Awards, it won Best Music Film.


20 Fenchurch Street
20 Fenchurch Street is a commercial skyscraper in London that takes its name from its address on Fenchurch Street, in the historic City of London financial district. It has been nicknamed "The Walkie-Talkie" because of its distinctive shape, said to resemble a two-way radio handset. Construction was completed in spring 2014, and the three-floor "sky garden" was opened in January 2015. The 38-storey building is 160 m (525 ft) tall. Since July 2017, the building has been owned by Lee Kum Kee Groups.


20 Fenchurch Street
Designed by architect Rafael Viñoly and costing over £200 million, 20 Fenchurch Street features a highly distinctive top-heavy form which appears to burst upward and outward. The entrance floor and 34 floors of office space are topped by a large viewing deck. A bar and restaurants are included on the 35th, 36th and 37th floors; these are, with restrictions, open to the public.


20 Fenchurch Street
The tower was originally proposed at nearly 200 m (656 ft) tall but its design was scaled down after concerns about its visual impact on the nearby St Paul's Cathedral and Tower of London. It was subsequently approved in 2006 with the revised height. Even after the height reduction there were continued concerns from heritage groups about its impact on the surrounding area. The Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, Ruth Kelly, called in the project for another public inquiry. The project was consequently the subject of a public inquiry; in 2007 this ruled in the developers' favour and the building was granted full planning permission. In 2015 it was awarded the Carbuncle Cup for the worst new building in the UK in the previous 12 months.


20 Fenchurch Street
In 2013 Paul Finch of the Design Council CABE said he regretted supporting the project during the public inquiry, saying that the developers "made a mess of it" and were architects of their own misfortune.


20 Fenchurch Street, Ownership
Previously owned by the Land Securities Group, the company posted a £95m loss in 2016. In July 2017, the Hong Kong food company Lee Kum Kee Groups agreed to purchase the building from Land Securities and Canary Wharf Group for £1.3 billion. Leasing of the building is carried out by CBRE and in July 2018, CBRE's Asset Services were awarded the contract to carry out all management of 20 Fenchurch Street.


20 Fenchurch Street, Previous building
The previous building at 20 Fenchurch Street was 91 m (299 ft) tall with 25 storeys and was built in 1968 by Land Securities. The architect was William H. Rogers.


20 Fenchurch Street, Previous building
The building was formerly occupied by Dresdner Kleinwort and was notable for being one of the first tall buildings in the City of London, and for its distinctive roof. It was one of the towers nearest to the River Thames when viewed from the southern end of London Bridge.


20 Fenchurch Street, Previous building
In 2007, one of the upper floors was used in the drama series Party Animals.


20 Fenchurch Street, Previous building
Demolition of the building was completed in 2008. Despite the top-down method of construction, it was not demolished from the bottom-up, as a temporary structure was built, allowing Keltbray, the demolition contractor, to demolish the building from the top down.


20 Fenchurch Street, Design
The new tower at 20 Fenchurch Street was designed by Uruguayan architect Rafael Viñoly.


20 Fenchurch Street, Design
The 'sky garden' at the top of the building was claimed by the developer to be London's highest public park, but since opening there have been debates about whether it can be described as a 'park', and whether it is truly 'public' given the access restrictions. The garden spans the top three floors, which are accessible by two express lifts and include a large viewing area, terrace, bar and two restaurants. Fourteen double-deck lifts (seven low-rise up to the 20th floor, seven high-rise above the 20th floor) serve the main office floors of the building.


20 Fenchurch Street, Design
The south side of the structure is ventilated externally to improve efficiency and decrease solar gain, whilst the east and west faces incorporate extensive solar shading. There is a southern entrance in addition to the main northern entrance set back from Fenchurch Street.


20 Fenchurch Street, Construction
In January 2009, Canary Wharf Contractors began piling on the site of 20 Fenchurch Street. Piling and ground works were completed in June 2009.


20 Fenchurch Street, Construction
In January 2011, work at the basement level of the tower began. By the end of October 2011, the building was rising above street-level. December 2011 saw the tower's core begin to rise. The concrete core was topped out in March 2012 and by July the structural steelwork was under way around the core. Structural steelwork topped out in December 2012.


20 Fenchurch Street, Construction
Fire protection contractor Sharpfibre Ltd began applying fire protection to the structural steelwork in December 2012, completing in March 2013. Cementitious spray was applied to the steelwork, which was supplied directly to the entire building using a purpose-built mixing and pumping station located on the ground floor.


20 Fenchurch Street, Construction
The building completed to shell and floor in April 2014 and the first tenants began moving into the building from May 2014 prior to final completion in August of that year.


20 Fenchurch Street, Criticisms, Carbuncle Award
The building won the Carbuncle Cup in 2015, awarded by Building Design magazine to the worst new building in the UK during the previous year. The chairman of the jury that decided the prize, Thomas Lane, said "it is a challenge finding anyone who has something positive to say about this building", whilst a town planner at the nearby Royal Town Planning Institute described the building as "a daily reminder never to let such a planning disaster ever happen again."


20 Fenchurch Street, Criticisms, Solar glare problem
During the building's construction, it was discovered that for a period of up to two hours each day if the sun shines directly onto the building, it acts as a concave mirror and focuses light onto the streets to the south.