19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, England
On 5 July 1943, the 19th Field received orders to move overseas. They left Halifax on 21 July on board the RMS Queen Elizabeth and arrived in Greenock 27 July 1943 and fell under the command of the II Canadian Corps. On 19 October 1943, the 19th Field was briefly transferred to the command of the 5th Canadian Armoured Division before once again being transferred to the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division when the 5th was moved to the Italian Campaign. Between July 1943 and May 1944, the 19th Field would begin training for the coming invasion of mainland Europe and exchanged their Sextons for American M7 Priests, which were self-propelled 25-pounders, similar to the Sexton that had an armament of 105mm and could fire a distance of 11,500 yards.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, England
While in England, the 19th took part in several training operations, but specifically "Exercise Savvy". It was the first divisional training exercise the regiment took part in, which focused on the firing of artillery on ships towards coastal targets and landing on beaches under fire. While in England, the 19th Field was also inspected by General Bernard Montgomery on 28 February 1944, and King George VI on 25 April 1944, in the prelude to the invasion of Europe.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, England
On 23 May 1944, the 19th Field's camp was sealed for security reasons and plans were finalized for Operation Overlord: the long-awaited invasion of German occupied France. The final preparations were made as all vehicles were waterproofed and ammunition was brought up. On 1 June 1944, the 19th Field moved to its marshalling areas in Gosport and Southampton before embarking on the longest day. On June 3, 1944, Forward Observation Officers (FOOs) went to their respective units with the North Shore Regiment as Landing Craft were prepared to be filled with infantry units.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
The Canadian assault on Juno Beach had three infantry brigades – the 7th, 8th and 9th – of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division with the 7th landing at Courseulles-sur-Mer, the 8th at Bernieres-sur-Mer and St. Aubin-sur-Mer with the 9th landing after the initial assault passing through the 8th's sector and advancing on Authie and Carpiquet airfield before capturing the high ground above Caen. The 19th was attached to the 8th brigade and the 12th, 13th, and 14th Field Regiments were also involved bringing a total of 96 M7 Priest guns into action. Specifically, the 19th was part of the 14th Canadian Field Regiment Artillery Group led by Lt.-Col. H.S. Griffin with each regiment firing towards the beaches from four Landing Craft towards their target of Nan Red beach.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
The Landing Craft carrying the 19th and the other three Field Regiments advanced at about 6:30 a.m. with the 22nd and 30th LCT Flotilla carrying the 24 M7 Priests of the 19th. At 7:39 a.m., Major Peene the Fire Control Officer, gave the order to commence firing when they were 9,000 yards out. The guns of the 19th were the first Canadian to go into action and began firing towards northern France to signal the imminent invasion of German occupied Europe.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
Each gun launched 100 to 150 rounds over the course of about 30 minutes further saturating the German held territory. One gun from each of the six troops were firing phosphorus shells with seven fires being started on the Nan Red beach  The commander of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division, General Rod Keller, said the SP's "put on the best shoot they ever did." The Field Regiments had their M7 Priests strapped to the deck of the landing craft and went in firing towards the beaches as planes and naval vessels pounded the beaches. After they reached a 2,000 yards from shore they turned around and passed the inbound North Shore Regiment infantry of the first wave. Once the beachhead had been secured they came around again and landed with the second wave of infantry to provide close artillery support against any German counterattack.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
Artillery is often a feared weapon of war, but studies conducted by the 21st Army Group's 2nd Operational Research Section found the gunners were highly inaccurate thanks to the intense waves of the English Channel. The report said the 19th missed their targets by up to 1,000 yards since they were sent on the wrong course inland by the navy. Once it was corrected, the inaccuracy prevailed with the unpredictable English Channel wreaking havoc on the sights of the gunners. They were still about 700 yards wide and 300 yards deep from their intended target. Also causing difficulty was that the concrete fortifications were between three and seven feet in thickness.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
At 9:10 a.m. 'D' Troop of the 63rd Battery landed west of St. Aubin-sur-Mer under mortar and rifle fire on Nan Red beach and within 10 minutes they had their first gun 200 yards inland and in action providing fire support. 'C' Troop followed shortly after with 'E' and 'F' Troop also landing and in action by 10 a.m. with the 55th Battery and Q Battery being delayed due to a rudder being damaged and massive traffic trying to land on the beaches.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
Shortly after landing, the 19th took their first casualties of the war with Lt. Malcolm, the regimental survey officer, being wounded and Gunner B.T. McHughen being killed. A further two men were killed and 17 more wounded on the first day. The regiment had its vehicle damaged when a M7 Priest of 'E' Troop hitting a mine and a track was blown off with it taking two hours to repair.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
The 55th Battery also faced its first difficulty when an ammunition explosion had two M7 Priests and a Bren Carrier catch fire quickly spreading to other vehicles and threatening to become larger as it moved towards live ammunition. Gunner H.R. Chaplin, already wounded from shrapnel, jumped in the Bren Carrier that had the ammunition and moved it safety to prevent further casualties or damage. Chaplin received the Military Medal for this act.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
They ran into the German 716th Infantry Division that was primarily used as an occupation division and primarily made up of Polish, Russians, Ukrainians and other nationalities from the Soviet Union who were pressed into service. They had mostly obsolete Czechoslovakian equipment from the late-1930s, but also had a small cadre of non-commissioned officers that had combat experience on the Eastern Front giving the green troops veteran leadership.


19th Canadian Army Field Regiment RCA, D-Day: 6 June 1944
The 19th ended D-Day in positions just outside St. Aubin-sur-Mer with them being called for close fire support multiple times throughout the day as German tanks and infantry counterattacked the positions gained by Canadian infantry. With night falling over northern France and the Allied beachhead secured the 19th had three soldiers killed and another 18 wounded in the first 24 hours of Operation Overlord.


19th Canadian Comedy Awards
The 19th Canadian Comedy Awards honoured the best live, television, film, and Internet comedy of 2018. Canadian Comedy Awards, also known as Beavers, were awarded in 22 categories, determined by votes from the public and industry members. The awards ceremony was held at Toronto's Second City on 4 June 2019, hosted by Ali Hassan.


19th Canadian Comedy Awards
Nominations were led by feature Room For Rent and web series A Gay Victorian Affair with five each. A Gay Victorian Affair won all four Beavers for web series, while Room for Rent won three in film and Baroness von Sketch Show won three in television. Chanty Marostica won for Best Stand-up and Comedy Album of the Year, and Catherine O'Hara was honoured as Comedic Artist of the Year.


19th Canadian Comedy Awards, Ceremony
The awards ceremony was scheduled to be held on Sunday 2 June 2019 at the Yuk Yuk's comedy club in Toronto, Ontario, which had donated the use of its facilities. However, the club was not accessible and producers of the no-budget show sought another free venue, to accommodate a cast member of Generally Hospital who uses a power wheelchair. Generally Hospital addresses themes of disability, and its cast was nominated for Best Live Ensemble.


19th Canadian Comedy Awards, Ceremony
The awards ceremony was held at Toronto's Second City on 4 June 2019, hosted by Ali Hassan with presenters Ron Sparks, Kate Davis, Andrew Chapman, and Martha Chaves. The ceremony was executive produced by Kyra Williams, who had received the Roger Abbott Award at the 2014 ceremony.


19th Canadian Comedy Awards, Winners and nominees
The Beaver was awarded in twenty-two categories. Only industry members could vote in the nine categories for best direction, performance and writing in features, TV series or specials, or web series. The other thirteen categories were open to public voting. Voting took place between 19 April and 10 May 2019.


19th Canadian Film Awards
The 19th Canadian Film Awards were held on September 23, 1967 to honour achievements in Canadian film. The ceremony was hosted by Fred Davis.


19th Canadian Ministry
The Nineteenth Canadian Ministry was the cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson. It governed Canada from 22 April 1963 to 20 April 1968, including all of the 26th, and 27th Canadian Parliaments. The government was formed by the Liberal Party of Canada.


19th Canadian Parliament
The 19th Canadian Parliament was in session from May 16, 1940, until April 16, 1945. The membership was set by the 1940 federal election on March 26, 1940, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1945 election.


19th Canadian Parliament
It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 16th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the so-called "National Government" party (the name which the Conservatives ran under in the 1940 election), led in the House by Richard Hanson and Gordon Graydon consecutively as the three successive national leaders of the party, Robert Manion, Arthur Meighen and John Bracken did not have seats in the House of Commons. With the selection of Bracken as national leader in December 1942, the party became known as the Progressive Conservatives.


19th Canadian Parliament
The Speaker was James Allison Glen. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1933-1947 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.


19th Canadian Parliament, List of members
Following is a full list of members of the nineteenth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district.


19th Canadian Parliament, List of members
Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.


19th Cavalry Regiment (United States)
The 19th Cavalry Regiment ("Na Lele Lio", literally "The Flying Horses" in Hawaiian) was a United States Army parent cavalry regiment, represented in the Hawaii Army National Guard by Troop E, 19th Cavalry, part of the 29th Infantry Brigade at Wahiawa.


19th Cavalry Regiment (United States)
Constituted and organized in 1967, the regiment was called up during the Vietnam War but did not go overseas, and became an air cavalry unit in the early 1970s. It was disbanded in 1995.


19th Cavalry Regiment (United States), History
The 19th Cavalry was constituted on 24 October 1967 in the Hawaii Army National Guard as a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System (CARS). It was organized and Federally recognized on 17 December 1967 at Wahiawa to consist of Troop E, part of the 29th Infantry Brigade. During the Vietnam War in May 1968, the 29th Brigade was mobilized for active Federal service to serve as the strategic reserve for United States Army Pacific. Troop E was ordered into active Federal service on 13 May 1968 at Wahiawa, under the command of Captain Kazumasa Ota.


19th Cavalry Regiment (United States), History
The troop spent its active service period training at Schofield Barracks, and was also equipped with the M114A1 armored fighting vehicle at the time. In June, the troop received ten M551 Sheridan tanks, the first time the Sheridan was sent outside of the continental United States. It was released from active service and reverted to state control on 12 December 1969.


19th Cavalry Regiment (United States), History
In 1974, the troop became the first Guard unit to receive the Bell AH-1 HueyCobra attack helicopter and was redesignated Troop E (Air). It spent its two-week annual training period in August 1980 at the Pohakuloa Training Area alongside troops of the 25th Infantry Division. Around January 1984, the troop received nine AH-1S Cobra helicopters, replacing the older Cobras. Between November 1984 and October 1986, it was commanded by Captain (later Major) Gary M. Hara, who later became deputy commanding general of United States Army Pacific. On 31 July 1986, one of the troop's Bell OH-58A Kiowa helicopters crashed, slightly injuring the pilot and aerial observer. On 1 June 1989, it was withdrawn from CARS and reorganized under United States Army Regimental System (USARS) with headquarters at Fort Ruger.


19th Cavalry Regiment (United States), History
The 29th Infantry Brigade became an enhanced readiness unit on 1 September 1995. Troop E, 19th Cavalry was one of the units inactivated on the same date as part of the transition, in which the brigade incorporated units from Oregon and California. Troop F, 82nd Cavalry from the Oregon Army National Guard replaced Troop E, 19th Cavalry as the brigade reconnaissance troop.


19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
The 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (19th CCDI) was elected by the 19th National Congress on 24 October 2017, and its turn lasts until the convocation of the 20th National Congress in 2022. The CCDI is composed of 133 members. A member has voting rights. To be elected to the CCDI, a candidate must be a party member for at least five years.


19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
The 1st Plenary Session in 2017 was responsible for electing the bodies in which the authority of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection was invested when it was not in session: the 19th Standing Committee. It was also responsible for electing the CCDI Secretary.


19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, References, Sources
Plenary sessions, apparatus heads, ethnicity, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection membership, Politburo membership, Secretariat membership, Central Military Commission members, Standing Committee of the Central Committee membership, offices an individual held, retirement, if the individual in question is military personnel, female, has been expelled, is currently under investigation or has retired:


19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 19th Central Committee (19th CC) of the Chinese Communist Party was elected by the 19th National Congress in 2017, and will sit until the next National Congress is convened in 2022. It formally succeeded the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.


19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The committee is composed of full members and alternate members. A member has voting rights, while an alternate does not. If a full member is removed from the Central Committee the vacancy is then filled by an alternate member at the next committee plenum – the alternate member who received the most confirmation votes in favour is highest on the order of precedence. To be elected to the Central Committee, a candidate must be a party member for at least five years.


19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The first plenary session in 2017 was responsible for electing the bodies in which the authority of the Central Committee is invested when it is not in session: the Politburo and the Politburo Standing Committee. It was also responsible for approving the members of the Secretariat, 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and its Standing Committee. The third plenary session in 2018 nominated candidates for state positions. The fourth plenary session issued a decision on modernizing governance.


19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, References, Sources
The three links below are databases on individual Central Committee members. You can find their individual work history, birthdate, or ethnicity. Search for individuals or press on their names and you'll be led to a page devoted to the specific individual you searched for.


19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, References, Sources
Plenary sessions, apparatus heads, ethnicity, the Central Committee member- and alternate membership, Politburo membership, Secretariat membership, Central Military Commission members, Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection membership, Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, offices an individual held, retirement, if the individual in question is military personnel, female, has been expelled, is currently under investigation or has retired:


19th Century Drinking Horn
On display in the Art Institute of Chicago, in the African Art and Indian Art of the Americas, is a 19th-century drinking horn. Originally from the Kuba Kingdom, the drinking horn is made out of wood, iron, and copper alloy. Drinking horns were usually a gift to the friends and family of kings or given to a warrior.


19th Century Drinking Horn, History, Kuba Kingdom
The Kuba Kingdom, founded in the 17th century, is located in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It held nine provinces and chiefdoms were a part of that society. They were surrounded by other tribes such as the Yaka, Suku, Pende, etc. The people from the Kuba kingdom were also known as the Bakuba. They were skilled at hunting, farming, and fishing. One of the more important aspects of the Kuba kingdom was their religion. They were heavily based on the spirits of mother earth and those of their past kings.


19th Century Drinking Horn, History, Kuba Kingdom
When it came to their religious ceremonies, the way someone was buried depended on the items placed in the coffin. For the wealthy, they had several items such as delicate figurines, masks, and drinking cups placed in their coffin. The detail and quality of the items told where they were in the social hierarchy.


19th Century Drinking Horn, 19th Century Drinking Horn, Object History
The Kuba kingdom was located in what is known today as the Democratic Republic of Congo. The kingdom was known for their supernatural powers and spiritual beliefs. Like many kingdoms, royalty was one of the most important parts. Besides having one ruler, they had 19 other rulers underneath the king that managed the 19 groups in Kuba. One of the many ways that these kings showed their status and power was by the amount of money they spent. When it comes to drinking horns, kings would give them out to their family and friends to show their wealth and generosity.


19th Century Drinking Horn, 19th Century Drinking Horn, Object History
Drinking horns were one of the many objects that showed class. The more elegant and intrinsic the design, the higher in society they were. The patterns and material made for the drinking horn was an important aspect to show status. Drinking horns were typically used to drink palm wine. The intake of this beverage is an example of something that was done with events held by the king. This may also be an event in which the king shows his generosity and hands out gifts.


19th Century Drinking Horn, 19th Century Drinking Horn, Object History
The drinking horn is in the shape of a buffalo horn that symbolizes the status of the warrior that received it. The design of the horn includes patterns that are in a geometrical shape, a crocodile, and a hand. This specific drinking horn has an attachment made out of iron that can be attached to a belt that the warrior would wear. The fact that the drinking horn has this accessory and option to be attached to a belt shows a high level of status within not only the Kuba society, but also the warrior community.


19th Century Drinking Horn, 19th Century Drinking Horn, Ownership History
This specific drinking horn was first owned by object collector, Raoul Blondiau. He was a collector and diplomat who was based in Brussels. Blondiau is a well-known collector that is mentioned several times in many different institutions. Blondiau then sold the drinking horn to the Theatre Arts Monthly in New York City. It was a part of the Harlem Museum of African Art Travelling Exhibit at that time. During the ownership of the Theater Arts Monthly, it was lent to the Chicago Children’s Museum for Negro in Art Week. It was lent during the month of December.


19th Century Drinking Horn, 19th Century Drinking Horn, Ownership History
Being a part of a traveling exhibit, the object moved around. At one point, it was lent to the Memorial Art Gallery in Rochester, New York. In the Art Institute of Chicago’s website, it is said to have been gifted to the museum by G. F. Harding in 1928. No information has been found concerning G. F. Harding.


19th Century Drinking Horn, Further reading
Clarke, John Hendrik. "The Old Congo." John Henrik Clarke Virtual Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. <>.


19th Century Drinking Horn, Further reading
"Kuba - Art & Life in Africa - The University of Iowa Museum of Art." Kuba. University of Iowa Museum of Art, n.d. Web. <>


19th Century Drinking Horn, Further reading
"Kuba Cups - RAND AFRICAN ART." Kuba Cups - RAND AFRICAN ART. N.p., n.d. Web. <>.


19th Century Drinking Horn, Further reading
Lowes, Sara, Nathan Nunn, James A. Robinson, and Jonathan Weigel. "The Evolution of Culture and Institutions: Evidence from the Kuba Kingdom." Autocratic, Democratic, and Optimal Government (n.d.): n. pag. 2 Mar. 2014. Web


19th Century Drinking Horn, Further reading
Weston, Bonnie E. "Kuba - Rand African Art." Kuba - Rand African Art. N.p., n.d. Web. <>.


19th Century Spring Hill Neighborhood Thematic Resource
The 19th Century Spring Hill Neighborhood Thematic Resource is a multiple property submission of buildings that were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places. It covers eight properties in the Spring Hill neighborhood of Mobile, Alabama, all built during the mid-19th century.


19th Century Spring Hill Neighborhood Thematic Resource
They represent the most intact buildings to survive from the period when Spring Hill was a summer retreat town for wealthy Mobilians seeking to escape the heat and yellow fever epidemics of the city. Situated upon what was once the western hills outside Mobile, Spring Hill was gradually absorbed by the larger city and little remains today from its period as an independent community.


19th Chess Olympiad
The 19th Chess Olympiad, comprising an open team tournament as well as the annual FIDE congress, took place between September 5–27, 1970, in Siegen, West Germany.


19th Chess Olympiad
The Soviet team with six Grandmasters, led by world champion Boris Spassky, lived up to expectations and won their tenth consecutive gold medal, although only by a single point, with Hungary and Yugoslavia taking the silver and bronze, respectively.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
Held at the Siegerland Hall venue, a total of 64 nations applied to enter the tournament. Unfortunately, space constraints and FIDE's intended model format meant that only 60 could be accommodated. It was then found that four teams were to have their applications rejected on the grounds that they had missed the deadline. These four teams were: Argentina, France, Ecuador, and Venezuela. When Panama withdrew their application, Argentina took their place.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
The tournament was run as a two-stage round-robin. Six preliminary groups of 10 teams each determined the composition of five Finals of 12 teams each, with the top two from each group ending up in Final A etc. Several unsatisfactory aspects of this system were voiced, however, and they manifested themselves in a variety of ways.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
Firstly, the pressure was raised to fever pitch at a very early stage in the proceedings. A single poor result in the preliminaries could condemn a team to a low final group. All this proved too much for England's top player, Jonathan Penrose, who in his crucial last-round preliminary match, blundered a piece and fainted from the shock. A nervous player at the best of times, he was retired from the rest of the contest on medical grounds and England ended up in Group C, below their seeding, which they then went on to win by a hefty margin.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
The Sunday Times reported several instances of cheating. For example, in the Indonesia versus Switzerland preliminary match, a player moved his queen next to the opponent's king with check. Capturing the queen with the king was forced and so the player made the move for his opponent, declaring stalemate and shaking hands all in one movement. His dazed opponent ended up signing the scoresheet before recovering his wits and realizing (too late) that it was not a stalemate at all.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
It was possible for strong teams, sitting comfortably in favourable qualification spots, to not try as hard as they might have in other circumstances. Such actions could influence the qualification process below them and, as a deliberate ploy, could have assisted in assigning a strong rival to a lower final group.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
Then there was the whole question of apartheid. Albania decided to forfeit their game against South Africa as a protest against racial segregation and so lost 4–0. Naturally, this meant that the whole group dynamic was lost and the resulting placings somewhat distorted. Some teams and a small number of strong players did not compete at all as a protest against the participation of the South African team.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
The teams competed for the Hamilton-Russell Cup. Matches were scored by game points, with match points being used in the event of a tie-break. The Chief Referee was International Arbiter Harry de Graaf. A total of 360 players took part, including 35 grandmasters and 66 international masters.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
As was customary, the FIDE congress was also held during the Olympiad and the major news concerned the retirement of President Folke Rogard after 21 years of service. He was to be replaced by former World Champion Max Euwe and this appeared to be a universally popular decision. Another important issue was the presentation of a proposed new system for the awarding GM and IM titles; the congress adopted in full the report submitted by a committee comprising top player Svetozar Gligorić, Professor Arpad Elo and FIDE Vice President Mr. Dorazil.


19th Chess Olympiad, Tournament report
The tournament was very well attended by the public, particularly on the day that current World Champion Boris Spassky played future champion Bobby Fischer, with an estimated 3000 spectators turning up (Spassky won).


19th Chess Olympiad, Individual performances
World Champion Boris Spassky took the best score on board one (79.17%) and won a suit as a prize. Bobby Fischer finished a close second with 76.9% and Bent Larsen a close third with 76.5%.


19th Chess Olympiad, Individual performances
Tigran Petrosian extended his amazing run of unbeaten Olympiad games to 90 (won 58, drawn 32).


19th Chess Olympiad, Individual performances
Viktor Korchnoi lost only one game - as a result of oversleeping he defaulted to the Spaniard, Diez del Corral. There was no satisfactory explanation as to why (non-playing) team captain Paul Keres or one of Korchnoi's teammates could not have telephoned his room when noticing he was a few minutes late.


19th Chess Olympiad, Individual performances
Oscar Panno drew a record 15 games; however this may be partially explained by his accommodation. Siegen was a small place and many competitors were housed in the surrounding area. When Korchnoi asked Panno where he was living, his reply was "in a pure field".


19th Chess Olympiad, Results, Preliminaries
Preliminary head-to-head results were carried over to the finals, so no teams met more than once. All preliminary groups and finals were played as round-robin tournaments. The results were as follows:


19th Christmas
19th Christmas  is the twentieth novel in the Women's Murder Club novel series  by James Patterson and Maxine Paetro.


19th Christmas, Plot
Christmas is coming upon San Francisco. Detective Sgt. Lindsay Boxer, her family, and her friends of the Women's Murder Club have much to celebrate. Crime is down. The courts are slow and the medical examiner's office is quiet. Journalist Cindy Thomas is working on a story about the true meaning of Christmas in San Francisco. Then a series of crimes and threats of horrific crimes to come put the entire police force into nonstop action. At first, all they have is a name, "Loman," behind the threats. It takes until Christmas before enough pieces come together to find enough to hope to pinpoint where Loman can be caught.


19th Christmas, Reviews
Joe Hartlaub wrote a very positive review of this novel in Book Reporter, referring to the Women's Murder Club Series, saying, "I am tempted to call THE 19th CHRISTMAS the best entry in the series thus far..."


19th Christmas, Reviews
This book was at the number one spot in the "Combined Print & E-Book Fiction" section of "The New York Times Best Sellers" list for October 27, 2019.


19th Coast Artillery (United States)
The 19th Coast Artillery Regiment was  a Coast Artillery regiment in the United States Army. It was the garrison of the Harbor Defenses of San Diego, replacing the 3rd Coast Artillery there. The regiment was active from 1940 until broken up into battalions and partially inactivated in October 1944 as part of an Army-wide reorganization.


19th Coast Artillery (United States), Lineage 1
Constituted 20 October 1918 as the 19th Artillery (Coast Artillery Corps) (C.A.C.) and organized 29 October 1918 at Fort MacArthur, California, but demobilized 25 December 1918. The 4th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th, 18th, and 19th Companies of the Coast Defenses of Los Angeles were reassigned to create the regiment. This was one of a number of Coast Artillery regiments mobilized to operate heavy and railway artillery on the Western Front in World War I, but the Armistice resulted in the dissolution of the 19th.


19th Coast Artillery (United States), Lineage 2
Constituted in the Organized Reserve 31 January 1935 as the 625th Coast Artillery (Harbor Defense) (HD), allotted to the Regular Army as an inactive unit 15 August 1935. Redesignated as the 19th CA (HD) 19 January 1940, regimental HHB and Battery A activated 1 February 1940 at Fort Rosecrans, replacing Battery D, 3rd Coast Artillery.


19th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Nineteenth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was held from 5 to 14 October 1952. It was the first  party congress after World War II and the last under Joseph Stalin's leadership. It was attended by many dignitaries from foreign Communist parties, including Liu Shaoqi from China. At this Congress, Stalin gave the last public speech of his life. The 19th Central Committee was elected at the congress.


19th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Changes
An unofficial "inner circle" of Stalin's closest associates included Lavrentiy Beria, Nikolai Bulganin, Kliment Voroshilov, Lazar Kaganovich, Georgy Malenkov, Mikhail Pervukhin, Maksim Saburov, and Nikita Khrushchev.


19th Congress of the Philippines
The Nineteenth Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: Ikalabinsiyam na Kongreso ng Pilipinas) is the future meeting of the national legislature of the Philippines, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. The convention of the 19th Congress was followed by the 2022 Presidential election, 2022 Senate election, which will replace half of the Senate membership, and the 2022 House of Representatives elections which will elect the entire membership of the House of Representatives.


19th Congress of the Philippines
The House of Representatives will meet in the Batasang Pambansa Complex and the Senate will meet in the GSIS Complex, with a scheduled move in 2023 to its new building in Navy Village, Taguig, from 2022 to a certain date in 2025, from the first to third year of the presidency of the future 17th president of the Philippines; this will be the end of tenure for senators elected in 2019. The 19th Congress will be officially opened by the newly elected president together with the joint session of the Senate and the House of Representatives.


19th Connecticut Infantry Regiment
The 19th Connecticut Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


19th Connecticut Infantry Regiment, Service
The 19th Connecticut Infantry Regiment was organized beginning July 25, 1862, and continued through September 9, 1862, at Litchfield, Connecticut, under the command of Colonel Leverette Ward Wessells.


19th Connecticut Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was attached to Slough's Brigade, District of Alexandria, Defenses of Washington, to January 1863. Tyler's Command, District of Alexandria, Military District of Washington, and XXII Corps, Department of Washington, to April 1863. 2nd Brigade, DeRussy's Division, XXII Corps, to November 1863.


19th Connecticut Infantry Regiment, Service
The 19th Connecticut Infantry ceased to exist on November 23, 1863, when it was redesignated as the 2nd Connecticut Heavy Artillery.


19th Connecticut Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Left Connecticut for Washington, D.C., September 15. Guard and patrol duty at Alexandria, Virginia, January 12, 1863. Garrison duty at Fort Worth (Virginia) in May 1863. At redoubts near Fort Lyon, November 1863. Companies B, F, and G served at Fort Ellsworth.


19th Connecticut Infantry Regiment, Casualties
Casualties for the regiment during its brief time as an infantry have not been located.


19th Continental Regiment
The 19th Continental Regiment was a unit of the Connecticut Line in the 1776 establishment of the Continental Army. It is a successor to Webb's Connecticut Regiment (also known as the 7th Connecticut Provincial Regiment), which was part of the 1775 establishment, and it continued to be commanded by Col. Charles Webb. Active during the New York and New Jersey campaign, it was on the lines but did not fight at the Battle of Long Island. It saw action at the Battle of White Plains and retreated with George Washington's army to Pennsylvania in late 1776. It then participated in the Battle of Trenton. Some of its men chose to overstay their enlistment and also saw action in the Battle of the Assunpink Creek and the Battle of Princeton in early 1777.


19th Continental Regiment
With the reorganization of the Continental Army at the end of 1776, the regiment became the 2nd Connecticut Regiment.


19th Critics' Choice Awards
The 19th Critics' Choice Awards were presented on January 16, 2014 at the Barker Hangar at the Santa Monica Airport, honoring the finest achievements of 2013 filmmaking. The ceremony was broadcast on The CW and hosted by Aisha Tyler. The nominees were announced on December 16, 2013.


19th Critics' Choice Awards, Winners and nominees
Adele Exarchopoulos – Blue Is the Warmest Colour as Adele


19th Critics' Choice Awards, Winners and nominees
Leonardo DiCaprio – The Wolf of Wall Street as Jordan Belfort


19th Critics' Choice Awards, Winners and nominees
The Great Gatsby – Catherine Martin (Production Design)/Beverley Dunn (Set Decoration)


19th Critics' Choice Awards, Winners and nominees, Louis XIII Genius Award
Ethan Hawke, Julie Delpy and Richard Linklater – The Before Trilogy (Before Sunrise, Before Sunset, and Before Midnight)


19th César Awards
The 19th César Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma, honoured the best French films of 1993 and took place on 26 February 1994 at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris. The ceremony was chaired by Gérard Depardieu and hosted by Fabrice Luchini and Clémentine Célarié. Smoking / No Smoking won the award for Best Film.


19th Delaware General Assembly
The 19th Delaware General Assembly was a meeting of the legislative branch of the state government, consisting of the Delaware Senate and the Delaware House of Representatives. Elections were held the first Tuesday of October and terms began on the first Tuesday in January. It met in Dover, Delaware, convening January 6, 1795, two weeks before the beginning of the third year of the administration of Governor Joshua Clayton.


19th Delaware General Assembly
The apportionment of seats was permanently assigned to three senators and seven representatives for each of the three counties. Population of the county did not effect the number of delegates. Both chambers had a Federalist majority.


19th Delaware General Assembly, Members, Senate
Senators were elected by the public for a three-year term, one third posted each year.


19th Delaware General Assembly, Members, House of Representative
Representatives were elected by the public for a one-year term.


19th Directors Guild of America Awards
The 19th Directors Guild of America Awards, honoring the outstanding directorial achievements in film and television in 1966, were presented in 1967.


19th Division (German Empire)
The 19th Division (19. Division) was a unit of the Prussian/German Army. It was formed on October 11, 1866, and was headquartered in Hannover. The division was subordinated in peacetime to the X Army Corps (X. Armeekorps). The division was disbanded in 1919, during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I.


19th Division (German Empire), Recruitment
During the Franco-Prussian War, the division was a mixed unit, with Hannoverian, Oldenburg and Westphalian elements. It was subsequently reorganized so that it was recruited primarily from the former Kingdom of Hannover, which had become the Prussian Province of Hanover after 1866, along with Oldenburg, a grand duchy mostly surrounded by the Prussian province. Among the division's units were several that perpetuated the traditions of the King's German Legion, a British Army unit of the Napoleonic Wars.


19th Division (German Empire), Combat chronicle
During the Franco-Prussian War, the 19th Infantry Division fought in the battles of Mars-la-Tour and Gravelotte, and then in the Siege of Metz. It then fought in the Loire Campaign, including the battles of Beaune-la-Rolande, Beaugency-Cravant, and Le Mans.


19th Division (German Empire), Combat chronicle
In World War I, the 19th Infantry Division participated in the 1914 Battle of Liège and the subsequent Allied Great Retreat, including the First Battle of the Marne and the First Battle of the Aisne. It was sent to the Eastern Front in 1915 and again in 1916, seeing action in the Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive and the Russian Brusilov Offensive. It returned to the Western Front and, after a period in the trenches, saw action in the German 1918 Spring Offensive and the subsequent Allied counteroffensives, including the Hundred Days Offensive. The division was rated a first class division and regarded as one of the best German divisions by Allied intelligence.


19th Division (German Empire), Order of battle in the Franco-Prussian War
During wartime, the 19th Division, like other regular German divisions, was redesignated an infantry division. The organization of the 19th Infantry Division in 1870 at the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War was as follows:


19th Division (German Empire), Pre-World War I organization
German divisions underwent various organizational changes after the Franco-Prussian War. As noted above, the 19th Division was reorganized to become primarily a Hannover/Oldenburg unit. The organization of the 19th Division in 1914, shortly before the outbreak of World War I, was as follows:


19th Division (German Empire), Order of battle on mobilization
On mobilization in August 1914, at the beginning of World War I, most divisional cavalry, including brigade headquarters, was withdrawn to form cavalry divisions or split up among divisions as reconnaissance units. Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from their higher headquarters. The 19th Division was again renamed the 19th Infantry Division and its initial wartime organization was as follows:


19th Division (German Empire), Late World War I organization
Divisions underwent many changes during the war, with regiments moving from division to division, and some being destroyed and rebuilt. During the war, most divisions became triangular - one infantry brigade with three infantry regiments rather than two infantry brigades of two regiments (a "square division"). An artillery commander replaced the artillery brigade headquarters, the cavalry was further reduced, the engineer contingent was increased, and a divisional signals command was created. The 19th Infantry Division's order of battle on March 8, 1918, was as follows:


19th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 19th Division (第19師団, Dai-jūkyū Shidan) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. Its tsūshōgō code name was the Tiger Division (虎兵團, Tora heidan). It was also occasionally referred to in Korean accounts as Ranam Division, after the location of its main base. The 19th Division and the 20th Division were both raised as a garrison force for Korea. After Japan's victory in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, and subsequent occupation, and then annexation of Korea in 1910, the need was felt for a dedicated garrison force, raised from people with local knowledge.


19th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 19th Division was stationed in far northeast Korea, in what is now North Hamgyong Province. The division received its colors on 24 December 1915 and headquarters have moved to Yongsan District 16 April 1916; however, the division was not considered combat-ready until 1918. The delay was due to limited funding available for the division to build its facilities in Korea and the need to recruit and train personnel from mainland Japan.


19th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
In addition, the new division was beset with problems related to malaria and shigellosis at its main base at Ranam in northern Korea, having recorded 672 disease-related officers casualties during 1917. As result, the headquarters have moved to Ranam-guyok only 10 April 1919. The first commander of the 19th Division was Lieutenant General Tachibana Koichirō.


19th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), Action
After the Mukden Incident 18 September 1931, the regiment-sized detachment of the 19th Division, organized as 38th Independent Mixed Brigade was called upon to provide assistance to 20th division in Japanese invasion of Manchuria, during which it occupied Changchun and Harbin, and in the subsequent Pacification of Manchukuo. It continued to be stationed in Manchuria afterwards.


19th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), Action
26 July 1938, the 19th division was called for a Battle of Lake Khasan against the Soviet Union. Afterwards, with increasing tension and subsequent border clashes the 19th Division had 500 killed and 900 wounded from 6 to 11 August 1938. It was then recalled to its original garrison location in Ranam on the Korean border area with the Soviet Union.


19th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), Action
In May, 1943, the IJA 74th Infantry Regiment was separated from the 19th Division and was elevated to become the core of the new 30th Division. As the situation for Japan continued to deteriorate for Japan in the Pacific War, a decision was made to trust in the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact, and reduce forces held back in reserve against the Soviet Union. In December 1944, the remainder of the 19th Division was transferred to the control of Japanese Fourteenth Area Army in the Philippines. The 19th Division was subsequently largely annihilated in combat in the mountains of central Luzon during the subsequent Battle of Luzon from January 1945 and ceased to exist a functional unit at that time.


19th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), Action
As the sea blockade made reinforcement of Luzon problematic, parts of 19th division were re-routed to Kaohsiung, Taiwan 22 December 1944.


19th Division (North Korea)
The 19th Infantry Division was a military formation of the Korean People's Army.


19th Division (North Korea)
It defended the Kumchon area north of Kaesong with the 27th Division.


19th Division (North Korea)
The United States 1st Cavalry Division began attacking on October 9, 1950, along the main highway from Kaesong to Kumchon. The US 8th Cavalry had to stop repeatedly and wait for engineer troops to clear mines from the road. Halfway to Kumchon on the twelfth the 8th Cavalry was halted by a North Korean strongpoint, defended by tanks, self-propelled guns, and antiaircraft weapons. In spite of a sixteen-plane air strike and a 155-mm howitzer barrage, the strongpoint held.


19th Division (North Korea)
The US 5th Cavalry's 1st Battalion encountered the 19th and 27th Division's defenses on October 11 as they were holding a long ridge with several knobs — Hills 179, 175, and 174 — that dominated a pass fifteen miles northeast of Kaesong. The 5th Cavalry finally drove the defenders from the ridge during the afternoon of the twelfth, after much fierce fighting.


19th Division (Syrian rebel group)
The 19th Division (Arabic: الفرقة 19) was a Syrian rebel group which fought in the Syrian Civil War. The group was created in June 2013 in the western countryside of the Aleppo Governorate as a part of a foreign-funded project to unify local Free Syrian Army-affiliated factions into bigger factions.


19th Division (Syrian rebel group), History
In September 2012, the Ansar Brigade (Arabic: لواء الانصار, Liwa al-Ansar) was formed as part of the Mutasim Billah Brigades in the western Aleppo countryside. The group was known for producing improvised fighting vehicles. In June 2013, the group joined several other rebel groups in the area and formed the 19th Division.


19th Division (Syrian rebel group), History
In late June 2013, a rebel court in Darat Izza arrested a media activist after he criticized Lt. Col. Muhammad Bakur, commander of the Ansar Brigade of the 19th Division. The arrest was condemned by an opposition court in Atarib, which demanded the Darat Izza court to release him.


19th Division (Syrian rebel group), History
On 22 July 2013, the Supporters of the Caliphate Brigade, part of the 19th Division, along with al-Qaeda's al-Nusra Front, took part in a massacre of 51 Syrian Army soldiers in Khan al-Asal.


19th Division (Syrian rebel group), History
On 25 September 2013, the 19th Division signed a statement, along with 12 other Syrian rebel groups, in which it rejected any foreign-based opposition group, including the Syrian National Council.


19th Division (United States)
There have been a number of 19th Divisions in the history of the United States Army.


19th Division (United States)
During the Second World War the division remained inactive. However, it saw service of a kind as a "phantom division" as part of Allied deception measures. It was assigned to SHAEF for use in Operation Fortitude South, but was never actually utilized during that endeavor.


19th Division (United States)
The division's order of battle included the following fictional units:


19th Division (United States)
In July 1944 the Division was redesignated as the 109th Infantry Division.


19th Division (Yugoslav Partisans)
The 19th North Dalmatia Division (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Devetnaesta severnodalmatinska divizija) was a Yugoslav Partisan division formed in Biovičino Selo on 4 October 1943. Upon formation it had 3,559 soldiers in three brigades, those being: the 5th, 6th and 7th Dalmatia Brigades. During all of its existence it was a part of the 8th Corps. Commander of the division was Milan Kuprešanin while its political commissar was Petar Babić. The division mostly operated in Dalmatia, Lika and Bosnia.


19th EAC Ordinary summit
The 19th EAC Ordinary summit was held on 23 February 2018 in Kampala, Uganda. The focus of the summit was deepen regional integration through infrastructure development and financing for health. on the agenda of the meeting was the status of the EAC political federation and the speedy integration of South Sudan.


19th EAC Ordinary summit, Agenda, Manufacturing
Various sectors of development were discussed as a sector of growth such as Textile, Apparel and Agro-processing. A major focus for boosting regional manufacturing, the heads of states directed the EAC council to work on the process to harmonize the automotive industry regulations in the region. The leaders are looking to help reduce the importation of used vehicles and in turn grow the local vehicle assembly and manufacturing businesses.


19th EAC Ordinary summit, Agenda, Economic Partnership Agreement
The European Economic Partnership agreement continues to be and important trade agreement that is still pending partner state approval. Museveni continued to reiterate that he is engaging with EU officials to ensure that a satisfactory agreement is agreed upon soon. Kenya & Rwanda are still the only members to sign the EU-EAC EPA.


19th EAC Ordinary summit, Agenda, New Members
The council continued to guide the body to fast track the integration of South Sudan into the trade bloc. Political issues and funding has stagnated the process of integrating the new member into the block. Moreover, the EAC council had not as discussed the report that was presented at 18th EAC Ordinary summit to analyze the admission criteria for Somalia. The council aimed to discuss this at the next summit.


19th Empire Awards
The 19th Empire Awards ceremony (officially known as the Jameson Empire Awards), presented by the British film magazine Empire, honored the best films of 2013 and took place on 30 March 2014 at the Grosvenor House Hotel in London, England. During the ceremony, Empire presented Empire Awards in 14 categories as well as five honorary awards. The awards for Best Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress were first introduced this year. To celebrate the 25th anniversary of Empire magazine two special honorary awards were presented, the Action Hero of our Lifetime and the Legend of our Lifetime awards. Irish actor James Nesbitt hosted the show for the first time. The awards were sponsored by Jameson Irish Whiskey for the sixth consecutive year.


19th Empire Awards
In related events, Empire and Jameson Irish Whiskey held the 5th Done In 60 Seconds Competition Global Final on March 29, 2014 at The Brewery, London, England. The team of judges consisted of Empire editor-in-chief Mark Dinning, Sky Movies Premiere English presenter Alex Zane, Scottish radio DJ Edith Bowman, Scottish director Jon S. Baird and English director Ben Wheatley, which selected from a shortlist of 24 nominees the five Done In 60 Seconds Award finalists that were invited to the Empire Awards where the winner was announced.


19th Empire Awards
Gravity won two awards including Best Film and Best Director for Alfonso Cuarón. Other winners included The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug also with two awards and 12 Years a Slave, Alan Partridge: Alpha Papa, Blue Jasmine, Filth, Saving Mr. Banks, The Conjuring, The Hunger Games: Catching Fire, The Wolf of Wall Street and The World's End with one.


19th Empire Awards
Simon Pegg received the Empire Hero Award, Hugh Jackman received the Empire Icon Award, Paul Greengrass received the Empire Inspiration Award, Arnold Schwarzenegger received the special honorary 25th anniversary Action Hero of our Lifetime award and Tom Cruise received the special honorary 25th anniversary Legend of our Lifetime award. David Smith from the United Kingdom won the Done In 60 Seconds Award for There Will Be Blood (Milk), his 60-second film version of There Will Be Blood.


19th Engineer Battalion
The 19th Engineer Battalion is a United States Army engineering unit. This unit provides general engineering support during military operations. It is an Echelon Above Brigade (EAB) engineer unit, composed of five-line companies (15th Construction Company, 42nd Route Clearance Company, 502nd Multi-Role Bridging Company, 541st Sapper Company, 887th Engineer Support Company), one support company (Forward Support Company), one headquarters company (Headquarters and Headquarters Company), and one firefighting detachment (550th Fire Fighter Detachment). As of October 16, 2005, it is stationed at Fort Knox under the 20th Engineer Brigade, XVIII Airborne Corps. The 19th Engineer Battalion O/O deploys engineer forces to provide mission command and general engineer support to decisive action in support of Expeditionary, Army, Joint, or Combined Military Operations world-wide.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit Insignia
SHIELD: The shield of the coat of arms is used to indicate the descent of the 19th Engineer Battalion from the 3rd Battalion of the 36th Engineer Regiment.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit Insignia
COLORS: The colors red and white are the traditional engineer colors. The wavy partition line and the Seahorse symbolize participation in Marine Transportation and Amphibious Landings by the 36th Engineer Regiment.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, World War II
The parent unit of the 19th Engineer Battalion was constituted on October 1, 1933, in the Regular Army as the 36th Engineer Regiment. The 19th Engineer Battalion originated as the 3rd Battalion of the 36th Engineer Combat Regiment. The regiment was activated at Plattsburg Barracks in June 1941. The Regiment was trained for amphibious and support operation, earning the unit its distinctive seahorse.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, World War II
During World War II, the battalion conducted five amphibious landings while accompanying allied armies through Africa, Italy, France, Germany, and Austria. 3rd Battalion deployed to the North Africa Campaign in 1942, where it conducted its first contested amphibious landing as a part of Operation Torch. The unit would move with and support allied forces east through North Africa during the Tunisia Campaign.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, World War II
After pushing Axis forces out of North Africa, the battalion participated in the Battle of Sicily, its second amphibious landing. It would push across the island with the 7th Army, eventually forcing German and Italian forces off Sicily. The unit followed across the Mediterranean, taking part in its third amphibious assault at Naples-Foggia, followed by its fourth in support of Operation Shingle near Anzio. For fifty days, the battalion was part of the 7 miles (11 kilometers) Brigade front, earning the distinction as "The Little Seahorse Division" by the German Army.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, World War II
In 1944, the 3rd Battalion participated in the invasion of southern France, code-named Operation Dragoon, conducting what would be its fifth and final amphibious assault of the war. It would continue to support Allied forces through three subsequent campaigns: the Rhineland Campaign, the Ardennes-Alsace Campaign, and the Central Europe Campaign.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, World War II
On February 15, 1945, the unit was re-designated the 36th Engineer Combat Group, with the 3rd Battalion being re-designated the 2828th Combat Engineer Battalion at Fort Lewis. The battalion had suffered 902 combat casualties, including 44 killed in action. For their gallantry and service, the battalion was awarded 10 campaign streamers from World War II. Soldiers in the battalion earned seven Silver Stars and 13 Bronze Stars.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Cold War, Stateside
On April 29, 1947, the 2828th Engineer Battalion was re-designated the 19th Engineer Combat Battalion and activated at Fort Meade, MD on July 9, 1952. During this time it focused mainly on training, local construction, and domestic relief missions on the East Coast of the United States. In October 1954, it responded to the destruction caused by Hurricane Hazel, helping to clear and rebuild the area around Cambridge and Wingate, Maryland. In August 1955, the 19th assisted the citizens of northern Pennsylvania after Hurricane Diane caused massive flooding in the region. In the winter of 1958, the battalion returned to Maryland to assist with a snow emergency in Baltimore. Finally, they travelled to French Creek in Pennsylvania where they conducted explosive clearing of ice floes in two gorges to prevent flooding.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Cold War, Vietnam War
In 1965, the Battalion deployed to Vietnam in an amphibious landing on the beaches of Qui Nhon. Its primary mission was to upgrade highway QL-1 from a dirt trail to an all-weather road connecting Qui Nhon and Bong Son. The first phase of this project consisted of the construction of seven Bailey Bridges, decking three existing railroad bridges, and building six timber trestle bridges.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Cold War, Vietnam War
During this time, the battalion completed construction projects in support of the Republic of Korea Tiger Division, the 4th Cavalry, the Americal Division, the 4th Infantry Division, and the 199th Light Infantry Brigade, to include port and airfield repair, warehouses, fuel and ammo depots, and pipelines. In the end, the 19th improved and upgraded more than 70 kilometers of QL-1, constructing 11 Bailey Bridges and 34 timber pile bridges, so multiple times, through near-daily enemy contact. The unit returned to Fort Lewis, on October 14, 1970, having suffered more than 505 casualties including 105 killed in action.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm
The Battalion deployed to Saudi Arabia in early 1991 in support of the 1st Armored Division, during which time they constructed two crossing routes over the Trans-Arabian pipeline. With the beginning of the invasion of Iraq on February 24, B Company pushed 200 lanes through the berms along the Iraq/Saudi Arabia border. As the 1st Armored Division pushed into Iraq, the battalion built 220 km of road and constructed FARPs for 4th Aviation Brigade's AH-64 Apache helicopters. They also provided recovery support for the 1st Armored Division as their vehicles became stuck in the wet sand of the region. All told, the 19ths built or maintained more than 475 km of roads, 15 helipads, four pipeline crossings, three prisoner holding areas, and 241 points of entry into Iraq.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Iraqi Freedom
On October 16, 2005, the 19th Engineer Battalion was reactivated at Fort Knox, KY, as the Army's first modular Engineer Battalion, allowing each company to deploy individually in support of US operations. In August 2006, the Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Forward Support Company, 15th Engineer Company, and 72d Survey and Design Detachment deployed to Iraq, followed in October by the 60th Engineer Company. The battalion was assigned the mission of assured mobility, partnering with Iraqi Army Engineer Units to provide General Engineering (GE) support within Task Force Lightning's (25th Infantry Division) Area of Operations (AO).


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Iraqi Freedom
It repaired 2664 road craters and 40 destroyed culverts throughout its 15-month deployment, returning to Fort Knox in November 2007. During this deployment, the unit lost its only Soldier during the Global War on Terror, 1LT Christopher Rutherford of the Forward Support Group, who died in an IED strike in July 2007.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Iraqi Freedom
502nd Multi-role Bridging Company (MRBC) deployed to Iraq in support of the Iraqi offensive into Mosul. This deployment was both a training mission and an operational mission. The Soldiers worked with an Iraqi bridge regiment in preparing and emplacing a 230-meter Improved Ribbon Bridge across the Tigris River. They also assisted in the repair of a bridge across the Zab River.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Enduring Freedom
In December 2006, the 76th Engineer Company deployed to Afghanistan in support of a brigade expansion. With the Afghan Theater expanding to include two Brigade Combat Teams (BCTs), life support capabilities needed to be expanded to accommodate the increased troop presence. As such, half of the company began construction to expand Bagram Airfield before moving to FOB Fenty in February 2007 to rapidly expand housing and infrastructure. The other half of the company was tasked with the same mission at FOB Salerno before the company reconsolidated at FOB Fenty in June 2007.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Enduring Freedom
When 173d Airborne Brigade Combat Team took over the battlespace, 76th continued their work, constructing 185 B-huts, four SEA-huts, and six brick-and-mortar barracks across 14 FOBs. The company was then tasked with the winterization of the theater, constructing or upgrading infrastructure at 16 FOBs simultaneously. The company returned to Fort Knox in March 2008.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Enduring Freedom
On April 28, 2009, the battalion returned to Afghanistan with 15th Engineer Company, 60th Engineer Company, 76th Engineer Company, and eventually 502d Multi-role Bridge Company, setting up its battalion command post at Kandahar Air Field. With Kandahar as the main hub, the battalion pushed companies to FOBs Wolverine, Frontenac, and Spin Buldak, respectively. Though deployed independently of each other, the three engineer companies had similar missions: expanding life support areas and improving FOB security and force protection measures throughout their AOs. These improvements included helipads, taxiways, UAV landing strips, berms, entry control points, and ammunition holding areas among other construction projects. In total, the battalion completed more than $23 million worth of work while deployed.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Enduring Freedom
In August 2009, 502 MRBC joined the battalion in Afghanistan to conduct fixed and float bridging operations throughout Afghanistan. Most of the company, including the headquarters, was stationed at Camp Leatherneck to support operations in the Helmand river valley, while one platoon remained at Kandahar. These elements provided bridge site reconnaissance and support to their respective AOs. Sites included the Saracha Bridge along Highway 1, the Regak Bridge in Uruzgan Province, and the construction of a Mabey Johnson Bridge at the Andar Bridge site. In April 2010, the 19th Engineer Battalion began its return to Fort Knox.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Enduring Freedom
In Nov 2013, 19th Engineer Battalion, along with 450 Soldiers, deployed to Kuwait on their fourth deployment since their reactivation at Fort Knox under the command of LTC John Lloyd. During the deployment, the unit was responsible for road construction, infrastructure improvements, and a variety of facility upgrades, including projects in Tajikistan. The unit redeployed to Kentucky in August 2014.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Global War on Terror, Operation Enduring Freedom
In Mar 2016, 42nd Clearance Company deployed to Afghanistan, less than three years after joining 19th Engineer Battalion at Fort Knox. Captain Jason Schwartz took the company to Afghanistan where they conducted route clearance operations and provided security to multiple bases across Afghanistan, while performing engineer and construction tasks. They deployed again between Oct 2018 and July 2019 under CPT Aaron Beatty, the Battalion's last deployment as a part of the Global War on Terror. During this deployment, 42nd conducted route clearance missions in support of Operation Freedom's Sentinel in southern Afghanistan. The unit identified and cleared more than 400 IED's, 8 rocket sites, and conducted more than 200 Quick Reaction Force Missions.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Stateside Missions, Hurricane Sandy
Within 96 hours of Hurricane Sandy's destruction of the New York Metropolitan Area, the Battalion deployed in support of United States Army Corps of Engineers recovery operations. The battalion led an unwatering team consisting of the Army's 86th Dive Detachment, 76th Engineer Company, the Marine's 8th Engineer Support Battalion, and others. The team removed trash and debris, conducted structural assessments, and pumped out large municipal buildings and areas.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Stateside Missions, Operation Faithful Patriot
In 2018, Soldiers from 19th Engineer Battalion, to include 541st SAPPER Company, 15th Engineer Construction Company, and 887th Engineer Support Company were deployed to the US-Mexico border in support of the Department of Homeland Security and US Customs and Border Patrol. During this deployment, the unit was largely tasked with emplacing concertina wire barricades along the border at Hidalgo and improving roads on Base Camp Donna in Donna, TX.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Named Exercises, Atlantic Resolve
In February 2021, 550th Fire Fighting Detachment deployed to Novo Selo Training Area, Bulgaria to provide Fire Fighting Support to the Black Seas Region.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Named Exercises, DEFENDER-Europe 21
In May 2021, 541st SAPPER Company deployed to Novo Selo Training Area, Bulgaria to take part in the annual multi-national NATO training exercise DEFENDER-Europe. While at DEFENDER-Europe 21, 541st worked hand-in-hand with Bulgarian and American units to execute a complex training scenario focusing on counter-mobility operations. They returned from this operation in June 2021. DEFENDER-Europe is the premiere NATO training operation, integrating more than 28,000 Soldiers from more than 26 nations to respond to crisis should the need arise.


19th Engineer Battalion, Unit History, Named Exercises, Resolute Castle 21
In July 2021, 887 Engineer Support Company, based out of Fort Campbell, Kentucky, deployed to Cincu, Romania in support of US Army Europe and Africa's (USAREUR-AF) Resolute Castle 21 mission. Resolute Castle is a multinational training exercise that traditionally has been supported by US Army Reserve and National Guard Engineer Units, as well as NATO Engineers, for up to six months of the year. RC21 was the seventh iteration. 887 ESC fell under 62nd Engineer Battalion, 36th Engineer Brigade during their rotation to Europe, where they worked on multiple construction products in support of US Allies and partners.


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Goodbread, Edward M (9 July 1952 – 18 November 1953)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
MAJ Denton, Charles T (19 November 1953 - 12 August 1954)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Young, Roger L. (25 October 1959 - 12 August 1960)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Mewshaw, Charles T. (13 August 1960 - 14 July 1961)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Regn, Elmer M. (15 July 1961 - 6 April 1962)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Mattews, Amos C (30 June 1965 - 16 July 1966)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Rhodes, Nolan C. (16 July 1966 - 23 July 1967)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Remson, Andrew C Jr. (23 July 1967 - 2 March 1968)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Sutton, James L. (2 March 1968 - 7 September 1968)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Wisdom, Donald L. (7 September 1968 - 7 February 1969)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Burns, Gilbert L. (7 February 1969 - 10 July 1969)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Andrews, Wilson P (11 July 1969 - 15 February 1970)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Gardner, Morris L (15 February 1970 - 10 June 1970)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC West, Pleasant (10 June 1970 - 4 November 1970)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Carpenter, Robert (4 November 1970 - 16 December 1970)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Daly, Timothy E. (May 1983 - 10 May 1985)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Roscoe, Heath C. (12 February 2008 - 24 June 2010)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Ray, David C. (24 June 2010 - June 2012)


19th Engineer Battalion, Commanders
LTC Lloyd, Paul C (June 2012 - 5 September 2014)


19th Ersatz Division (German Empire)
The 19th Ersatz Division (19. Ersatz-Division) was a unit of the German Army, in World War I. The division was formed on the mobilization of the German Army in August 1914. The division was disbanded in 1919, during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I.


19th Ersatz Division (German Empire), Formation and recruitment
The 19th Ersatz Division was formed on mobilization from 11 brigade replacement battalions (Brigade-Ersatz-Bataillone). Each brigade replacement battalion was numbered after its parent infantry brigade, and was formed with two companies taken from the replacement battalion of each of the brigade's two infantry regiments. One brigade replacement battalion was formed by three regiments. Thus, collectively, the 11 brigade replacement battalions represented troop contributions from 23 different infantry regiments.


19th Ersatz Division (German Empire), Formation and recruitment
The units of the 21st Mixed Ersatz Brigade were raised from the VI Army Corps area, which covered most of the Prussian Province of Silesia. These units were disbanded after the opening fighting in Lorraine, with their troops sent to other units in mid-September 1914. Alternatively, it is possible that the brigade remained in Silesia and was attached to the 4th Landwehr Division. The sources are in conflict. On 26 August the brigade was with the 4th Landwehr Division in the east. The other two brigades of the division were from the Kingdom of Saxony.


19th Ersatz Division (German Empire), Formation and recruitment
The units of the 45th Mixed Ersatz Brigade were raised from the XII (1st Royal Saxon) Corps area, which covered eastern Saxony. The units of the 47th Mixed Ersatz Brigade were raised from the XIX (2nd Royal Saxon) Corps area, which covered western and southern Saxony. Thus, after the dissolution of the 21st Mixed Ersatz Brigade, the division became a fully Saxon unit.


19th Ersatz Division (German Empire), Combat chronicle
The 19th Ersatz Division fought on the Western Front in World War I. It fought in the Battle of the Frontiers, seeing action in Lorraine. With occasional rests, it remained in the trenchlines in Lorraine until October 1916. It was then in the line near Verdun until July 1918. That month, it went into the line near Reims. It was there when it met the Allied Aisne-Marne Offensive, part of the Second Battle of the Marne. After the severe fighting there, the division left the line for rest and reconstruction. In late August, it fought against the Allied Oise-Aisne Offensive. It was then returned to a quiet sector in Lorraine, where it remained until the end of the war. Allied intelligence rated the division as third class.


19th Ersatz Division (German Empire), Order of battle on mobilization
The order of battle of the 19th Ersatz Division on mobilization in August 1914 was as follows:


19th Ersatz Division (German Empire), Order of battle on July 12, 1918
The division underwent several structural changes as the war progressed. As noted above, the Silesian brigade was dissolved early in the war. The other Saxon mixed Ersatz brigades were converted to Ersatz infantry brigades as cavalry, artillery, and pioneer Ersatz units were grouped and reorganized. The brigade replacement battalions were grouped into Ersatz infantry regiments. The 19th Ersatz Division was triangularized in October 1916. Cavalry was reduced, pioneers were increased to a full battalion, and an artillery command and a divisional signals command were created. The division's order of battle on July 12, 1918, was as follows:


19th European Film Awards
The 19th European Film Awards were presented on December 2, 2006 in Warsaw, Poland. The winners were selected by the members of the European Film Academy.


19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron
The 19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force. It last performed weather related duties as part of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan from 2009 to 2014. It was assigned to the 504th Expeditionary Air Support Operations Group. The squadron was first active during World War II where it served in Africa. Following the end of the war, it was stripped of personnel and equipment, but remained on the active roll until 1947. The squadron was reactivated in 1948 and provided weather services from various bases in the midwestern United States until inactivating in 1961 .


19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron, History, World War II
The squadron was first organized at Bolling Field, District of Columbia at the end of June 1942. After organizing and training in the United States, it departed for the Mediterranean Theater of Operations in September, arriving in Egypt in November. Squadron headquarters was located on the Horn of Africa, at Gura, Eritrea by December, but relocated to Accra, Gold Coast (now Ghana) by the spring of 1943, and remained there for the rest of the war. The squadron operated through detachments located throughout northern Africa and, after 1943, in Italy. The squadron supported special operations in the Mediterranean.


19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron, History, World War II
By May 1944, it had seven detachments operating behind German lines in the Balkans, primarily in Albania and Yugoslavia. In March, two squadron weather observers and a radioman had parachuted into Yugoslavia and were embedded with Tito's partisan forces to provide information for Douglas C-47 Skytrains airlifting supplies for the partisans.


19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron, History, World War II
In the spring of 1946 the squadron left Accra, and in June 1946, moved without personnel to Wiesbaden, Germany. It remained there as a paper unit until inactivating in October 1947.


19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron, History, Cold War
The squadron was again activated on 1 June 1948 at Smoky Hill Air Force Base, Kansas. It moved twice in the next three years before arriving at Kansas City, Missouri in September 1951, providing regional weather coverage for USAF units. From Kansas City, and later, from Grandview Air Force Base (later Richards-Gebaur Air Force Base, its detachments provided weather services for the bases of Central Air Defense Force (CADF) and the squadron commander acted as the staff weather officer for CADF. After CADF was inactivated, it provided the same services for 33d Air Division bases. It was inactivated on 8 July 61 and its personnel and equipment transferred to the 29th Weather Squadron, which moved on paper from Malmstrom Air Force Base to Richards-Gebaur.


19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron, History, Global War on Terror
The squadron was redesignated the 19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron and converted to provisional status. It was assigned to Air Combat Command (ACC) to activate or inactivate as needed. By October, ACC had organized the squadron at and assigned it to the 504th Expeditionary Air Support Operations Group at Bagram Air Field to perform weather observation and forecasting duties as part of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan from 2009 to 2014. The squadron primarily provided support to Army task forces operating throughout Afghanistan.


19th Expeditionary Weather Squadron, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


19th Field Artillery Regiment
The 19th Field Artillery Regiment is a Field Artillery regiment of the United States Army first formed in 1916.


19th Field Artillery Regiment, History
The 19th Field Artillery was Constituted 1 July 1916 in the Regular Army.


19th Field Artillery Regiment, Distinctive unit insignia
A gold color metal and enamel device 1 1/16 inches (2.70 cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Or, a bend Gules between in chief an eagle close of the same ducally crowned and gorged with a collar of the first and in base a fusil of the like.


19th Field Artillery Regiment, Distinctive unit insignia
Scarlet and yellow are the colors used for Artillery. The red diamond is indicative of the 5th Division with which the Regiment served after it was organized in 1917 by transfer of men from the 7th Division. The red bend, from the arms of Lorraine, commemorates the baptism of fire from the Regiment in taking Frapelle east of St. Die in the Vosges in the Lorraine. The eagle, the device of St Mihiel, represents the heavy fighting the Regiment participated in at St. Mihiel.


19th Field Artillery Regiment, Distinctive unit insignia
The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 19th Field Artillery Regiment on 15 April 1935. It was redesignated for the 19th Field Artillery Battalion on 14 November 1940. On 27 June 1958, it was redesignated for the 19th Artillery Regiment. Effective 1 September 1971, the insignia was redesignated for the 19th Field Artillery Regiment. The description and symbolism were revised on 14 May 1982.


19th Field Artillery Regiment, Coat of arms
Or, a bend Gules between in chief an eagle close of the same ducally crowned and gorged with a collar of the first charged with a Lorraine cross of the second and in base a fusil of the like.


19th Field Artillery Regiment, Coat of arms
On a wreath of the colors (Or and Gules) a demi horse Sable hoofed and tongued Or with draft harness of the like. MottoPER SCINTILLAM FLAMMA (Through The Spark, The Flame).


19th Field Artillery Regiment, Coat of arms
Scarlet and yellow are the colors used for Artillery. The red diamond is indicative of the 5th Division with which the Regiment served after it was organized in 1917 by transfer of men from the 7th Division. The red bend, from the arms of Lorraine, commemorates the baptism of fire for the Regiment in taking Frapelle east of St. Die in the Vosges in the Lorraine. The motto alludes to an incident at Frapelle when Battery A had trouble with one of the lights which served as an aiming point. Private Louis Birtz went out in front of his piece and held lighted matches up for the gunner to sight his piece. All through the barrage he lay there. The eagle, the device of St. Mihiel, represents the heavy fighting the Regiment participated in at St. Mihiel.


19th Field Artillery Regiment, Coat of arms
The coat of arms was originally approved for the 19th Field Artillery Regiment on 24 January 1922. It was amended to correct the motto on 30 January 1922. On 18 November 1940, it was redesignated for the 19th Field Artillery Battalion. The coat of arms was redesignated for the 19th Artillery Regiment on 27 June 1958. Effective 1 September 1971, it was redesignated for the 19th Field Artillery Regiment. The coat of arms was amended to revise the symbolism on 14 May 1982.


19th Fighter Squadron
The 19th Fighter Squadron is part of the Pacific Air Forces' (PACAF) 15th Wing (15 WG) at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Hawaii.


19th Fighter Squadron
The squadron is one of the oldest in the United States Air Force, its origins dating to 14 June 1917, being organized at Kelly Field, Texas. It served overseas in France as part of the American Expeditionary Force during World War I. The squadron saw combat during World War II, and became part of the Tactical Air Command during the Cold War.


19th Fighter Squadron
Today the 19th FS operates the F-22 Raptor aircraft conducting strategic attack, interdiction, suppression of enemy air defenses, as well as offensive and defensive counterair (air-to-air) missions.


19th Fighter Squadron, History, World War I
Originally established as an Army Flying School Squadron, the 19th was based in Texas, Ohio, and New York for short periods. After a few weeks at the Air Service Replacement Concentration Barracks in St. Maixent, from 1 January 1918, the squadron moved for Seventh Aviation Instruction Center (repair) at Aulnat Aerodrome, east of Clermont-Ferrand, France, to train and observe the French company Michelin's airplane manufacture and assembly procedures. It stayed with 7th AIC until the end of 1918. Moving for Cenac, near Bordeaux on 29 December, the squadron left France on 18 March 1919.


19th Fighter Squadron, History, Inter-war years
Renamed the 19th Pursuit Squadron, the squadron flew from various locations in the Hawaiian Islands beginning in 1923.


19th Fighter Squadron, History, World War II
The squadron suffered six casualties as a result of the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese on 7 December 1941, but no fatalities.


19th Fighter Squadron, History, World War II
The squadron was then stationed aboard the USS Natoma Bay, off Saipan. Upon arriving, the 19th flew night and day missions, strafing and using general purpose bombs and rockets in support of advancing U.S. ground troops. Using homemade napalm bombs made out of napalm, gasoline, and oil placed inside fuel tanks, the 19th helped U.S. forces successfully invade and capture Saipan, Tinian, and Guam islands in only three months. The squadron's mission then changed to long-range bomber escort missions with occasional strike missions to nearby Pagan Island and Iwo Jima. The squadron then relocated to Okinawa, where the first 19 FS pilots were awarded their 'ace' rating. Later, in August 1945, after numerous aerial victories and assorted bombing missions, it participated in the Japanese surrender.


19th Fighter Squadron, History, Cold War
From 1982–1993, it trained for close air support, air-to-air superiority, and maintained a state of readiness to deploy worldwide. In June 1987, the 19th set a new world record for the number of F-16 sorties flown in one day with 160, besting the previous record of 144. In September 1992 the 19th deployed to Southwest Asia to fly combat air patrol missions to enforce terms of United Nations cease fire agreement following Operation Desert Storm.


19th Fighter Squadron, History, Modern era
On 1 January 1994, the 19th took over personnel, facilities and equipment of 43d Fighter Squadron at Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska. It won the Hughes Trophy in recognition as the top air superiority squadron in the USAF for 2001. Since 1994, it has mobilized, deployed, and employed fighter aircraft worldwide to accomplish air superiority in support of warfighting commanders.


19th Fighter Squadron, History, Modern era
In 2010 the 19th became part of the 15th Wing at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam. The 19th is an associate unit with the Hawaii Air National Guard's 199th Fighter Squadron.


19th Fighter Squadron, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


19th Filmfare Awards
The 19th Filmfare Awards were held in 1972, honoring the best in Hindi films in the year 1971.


19th Filmfare Awards
Anand led the ceremony with 8 nominations, followed by Mera Naam Joker with 7 nominations and Kati Patang with 6 nominations.


19th Filmfare Awards
Anand won 6 awards, thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.


19th Filmfare Awards, Main Awards, Best Lyrics
Andaz – Hasrat Jaipuri for Zindagi Ek Safar Hai Suhana


19th Filmfare Awards, Main Awards, Best Playback Singer, Male
Mera Naam Joker – Manna Dey for Ey Bhai Zara Dekh Ke Chalo


19th Filmfare Awards, Main Awards, Best Playback Singer, Female
Caravan – Asha Bhosle for Piya Tu Ab to Aa Ja


19th Filmfare Awards South
The 19th Filmfare Awards South Ceremony honoring the winners of the best of South Indian cinema in 1971 was an event held in Shanmukhananda Hall Bombay on 24 March 1972 along with Hindi Awards.


19th Filmfare Awards South
The awards were introduced in 1954, around the films released in 1953. Filmfare Awards, initially recognizing only the Hindi film industry, considered South Indian regional Telugu and Tamil cinema was honored from 1964 onwards. In 1966, awards were presented to Best Film in Malayalam cinema and the Kannada cinema was honored from 1970 onwards. The chief guest of the evening was General Sam Manekshaw.


19th G7 summit
The 19th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo, Japan, on July 7–9, 1993. The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo, Japan.


19th G7 summit
The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976) and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981).


19th G7 summit
The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's President Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six (G6) summit in 1975.


19th G7 summit, Leaders at the summit
The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.


19th G7 summit, Leaders at the summit
The 19th G7 summit was the first summit for U.S. President Bill Clinton and the last summit for Japanese Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa. It was also the first and only summit for Canadian Prime Minister Kim Campbell and Italian Prime Minister Carlo Azeglio Ciampi.


19th G7 summit, Leaders at the summit, Participants
These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:


19th G7 summit, Issues
The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions. Issues which were discussed at this summit included:


19th G7 summit, Accomplishments
In 1993, the summit leaders called for an "international agreement" to "protect forests," but there is little evidence of follow-up action.


19th GLAAD Media Awards
The GLAAD Media Awards were created in 1990 by the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) to "recognize and honor media for their fair, accurate and inclusive representations of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community and the issues that affect their lives."


19th GLAAD Media Awards
Here, the nominees of the 19th GLAAD Media Awards, awarded in 2008, are listed. The winners are listed in bold type.


19th GMA Dove Awards
The 19th Annual GMA Dove Awards were held on 1988 recognizing accomplishments of musicians for the year 1987. The show was held in Nashville, Tennessee.


19th Game Developers Choice Awards
The 19th Game Developers Choice Awards is an annual awards ceremony by Game Developers Choice Awards held at the Game Developers Conference, for outstanding game developers and video games. It was hosted by Tim Schafer.


19th Game Developers Choice Awards
American video game director, Amy Hennig (Naughty Dog) received the Lifetime Achievement Award. Rieko Kodama received the Pioneer Award for her contributions during her time with Sega and video games such as Alex Kidd, Phantasy Star and Sonic the Hedgehog.


19th Gemini Awards
The 19th Gemini Awards were held on December 13, 2004 to honour achievements in Canadian television. It was broadcast on CBC.


19th Gemini Awards, Awards, Best Ensemble Performance in a Comedy Program or Series
Janet Wright, Brent Butt, Gabrielle Miller, Eric Peterson, Tara Spencer-Nairn, Lorne Cardinal, Nancy Robertson, Fred Ewanuick


19th Gemini Awards, Awards, Best Ensemble Performance in a Comedy Program or Series
Debra McGrath, Peter Oldring, Lisa Merchant, Rebecca Northan, Paul O'Sullivan


19th Gemini Awards, Awards, Best Ensemble Performance in a Comedy Program or Series
Rick Mercer, Peter Keleghan, Leah Pinsent, Dan Lett, Jackie Torrens


19th Gemini Awards, Awards, Best Ensemble Performance in a Comedy Program or Series
Mary Walsh, Greg Thomey, Cathy Jones, Shaun Majumder, Mark Critch


19th Gemini Awards, Awards, Best Ensemble Performance in a Comedy Program or Series
Michael Jackson, Shelley Thompson, Barrie Dunn, Robb Wells, Cory Bowles, Lucy Decoutere, Sarah Dunsworth, John Dunsworth, Tyrone Parsons, Pat Roach, Jonathan Torrens, Mike Smith, John Paul Tremblay, Jeanna Harrison-Steinhart, Garry James


19th General Assembly of Newfoundland
The members of the 19th General Assembly of Newfoundland were elected in the Newfoundland general election held in November 1900. The general assembly sat from 1901 to 1904.


19th General Assembly of Newfoundland
The Liberal Party led by Robert Bond formed the government.


19th General Assembly of Newfoundland
Sir Charles Cavendish Boyle served as colonial governor of Newfoundland.


19th General Assembly of Newfoundland, Members of the Assembly
The following members were elected to the assembly in 1900:


19th General Assembly of Nova Scotia
The 19th General Assembly of Nova Scotia represented Nova Scotia between 1851 and 1855. The assembly was dissolved on April 25, 1855.


19th General Assembly of Nova Scotia
The assembly sat at the pleasure of the Governor of Nova Scotia, John Harvey. John Le Marchant became governor in 1852.


19th General Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The 19th General Assembly of Prince Edward Island represented the colony of Prince Edward Island between February 9, 1854, and May 10, 1854.


19th General Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Assembly sat at the pleasure of the Governor of Prince Edward Island, Alexander Bannerman. John Jardine was elected speaker.


19th General Assembly of Prince Edward Island
Edward Palmer, the leader of the Conservative Party, chose John Myrie Holl, a member of the Legislative Council, as Premier.


19th General Assembly of Prince Edward Island, Members
The members of the Prince Edward Island Legislature after the general election of 1854 were:


19th Genie Awards
The 19th Genie Awards were held on February 4, 1999 to honour Canadian films released in 1998. It marked only the second time in the 1990s, after the 16th Genie Awards in January 1996, that the awards were held in the winter of the year following the year in which eligible films were released, rather than the late fall of the same year; the awards have subsequently retained the winter scheduling since 1999.


19th Genie Awards
The ceremony was held at the Living Arts Centre in Mississauga, Ontario. Actor Albert Schultz hosted the ceremony.


19th Genie Awards
Last Night and Such a Long Journey were tied for the most nominations, with 12 nods each. However, The Red Violin won the most awards, with eight wins including Best Picture.


19th Golden Globe Awards
The 19th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film for 1961 films, were held on March 5, 1962.


19th Golden Globe Awards, Winners and nominees, Film, Silver Globe
The Good Soldier Schweik (Der Brave Soldat Schwejk) (West Germany)The Important Man (Ánimas Trujano: El hombre importante) (Mexico)


19th Golden Globe Awards, Winners and nominees, Film, Best Song
"Town Without Pity" - Town Without Pity (Dimitri Tiomkin - music, Ned Washington - lyrics)


19th Golden Horse Awards
The 19th Golden Horse Awards (Mandarin:第19屆金馬獎) took place on October 24, 1982, at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Taipei, Taiwan.


19th Golden Melody Awards
Ceremonies of the 19th Golden Melody Awards (Chinese: 第19屆金曲獎; pinyin: Dì shíjiǔ jīn qū jiǎng) were held in Taipei, Taiwan in 2008. Nominees were announced on May 22, 2008, and the award winners in 12 traditional music categories (of 47 nominees) and 23 popular music categories (of 124 nominees) were selected by a panel of 33 judges after four rounds of jury meetings. Initially, there were 10,632 submissions from 185 companies in the music industry, making it the largest submission pool in the Awards' history.


19th Golden Melody Awards
Winners for artistic and traditional music categories were announced on June 21, 2008, at Taipei County Hall in a ceremony separate from that for popular music categories. It was the second consecutive year that the ceremony for this category group was held separately, and it did not attract as much media attention as the ceremony for the popular music categories. By contrast, artists from Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, and Canada attended the awards ceremony for popular music categories, which was held at the Taipei Arena on July 5, 2008.


19th Golden Melody Awards
Actress sisters Barbie and Dee Shu, former news anchor Patty Hou, and actress Matilda Tao hosted this event, whose list of award presenters included Canadian recording artist Daniel Powter and Japanese drama stars Akito Kiriyama, Junta Nakama, and Yuya Takaki. Both events were broadcast on the satellite cable Azio Television channel on June 28 and July 5, respectively.


19th Golden Melody Awards
Malaysian singer Gary Chaw and Singaporean singer-songwriter Tanya Chua were named Best Mandarin Male and Female Singers in the popular music category, respectively. Chua won the Best Mandarin Female Singer award for the second time; she last won the award in the 17th Golden Melody Awards. Chua's record seven nominations for her album Goodbye & Hello are the most received by a female artist. Taiwanese musician and singer Jay Chou, who received a record-breaking eight nominations for his album On the Run and film Secret, was not able to attend the event due to his tour in China. Chou's primary lyricist Vincent Fang was present to receive the award of Best Lyricist for the song "Blue and White Porcelain" (Chinese: 青花瓷; pinyin: qīng huā cí). Pop rock band Sodagreen received its second consecutive award as Best Band for its album Incomparable Beauty.


19th Golden Melody Awards, Nominees and winners, Popular music categories, Best aboriginal album
Ipay Buyci is a self-titled album in the Atayal language.


19th Golden Melody Awards, Nominees and winners, Popular music categories, Best aboriginal singer
Ipay Buyci, the winner of this category, is a member of the ethnic Atayal people.


19th Golden Raspberry Awards
The 19th Golden Raspberry Awards were held on March 20, 1999, at the Huntley Hotel Garden Room in Santa Monica, California, to recognize the worst movie industry had to offer in 1998.


19th Goya Awards
The 19th Goya Awards took place in Madrid, Spain on 30 January 2005.


19th Goya Awards
The Sea Inside was nominated for 15 awards and won 14, including the four regular acting awards (Bardem, Bugallo, Dueñas and Rivera) and the two acting awards for Best New Actor and Actress, Best Director (Amenábar), Best Film and Best Original Screenplay (Amenábar and Gil).


19th Grenadier Division (Wehrmacht)
The 19th Grenadier Division  (German: 19. Grenadier-Division) of the German Army in World War II was formed in October 1944 from the depleted 19. Luftwaffen-Sturm-Division ("19th Air Forces Assault Division"), which was transferred to the Heer ("Army") and renamed 19. Volksgrenadier-Division ("19th People's Grenadier Division") .


19th Grey Cup
The 19th Grey Cup was the 1931 Canadian Rugby Union championship game that was played at Percival Molson Memorial Stadium in Montreal, between the Regina Roughriders and the Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers. The hometown Winged Wheelers shut-out the Roughriders 22-0.


19th Grey Cup, Path to the Grey Cup, Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers
After going 6-0 in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union regular season, Montreal earned a bye to the Eastern final. There they shutout the Western Ontario Mustangs 22-0, clinching a spot in the Grey Cup game. Montreal's running back Gordon Perry won the Jeff Russel Memorial Trophy as the IRFU MVP.


19th Grey Cup, Path to the Grey Cup, Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers
The Winged Wheelers were looking to become the first team from outside of Ontario to raise the Grey Cup trophy.


19th Grey Cup, Path to the Grey Cup, Regina Roughriders
Regina were just as dominant as Montreal during the regular season and playoffs. They dispatched the Winnipeg St.John's 47-5 in the Western Semi-Finals, and then beat the Calgary Altomahs-Tigers 26-2 in the West Final.


19th Grey Cup, Path to the Grey Cup, Regina Roughriders
There was a considerable pressure on the Roughriders team heading into the contest. This was the fourth straight year that they voyaged East to challenge for the Grey Cup, losing the three previous occasions (scoring a disappointing nine points in those games). They did not fare much better at the fourth time of asking.


19th Grey Cup, Pre-game
There was controversy during the week leading up to the game. The Canadian Rugby Union named Howie Milne as the head official for the matchup. However, Montreal's management took exception to the selection, as Milne was from Regina and even rode the train with the Roughriders team to Montreal. Moreover, Milne had played for the Roughriders up until 1928. This was the first time a western referee had ever been selected to preside over a Grey Cup game. Montreal launched a protest, and the union relented, naming Joe O'Brien as the head referee the night before the game. Milne was moved to umpire, while Tom Barton was appointed as the head linesman.


19th Grey Cup, Pre-game
The game was played in some of the worst conditions in Grey Cup history. During the evening prior to kickoff, there was a heavy snowstorm, leaving large ice patches on the field. With the turf rock hard, the game kicked off with the temperature hovering around -9 C.


19th Grey Cup, Pre-game
The weather did little to help attendance, as a disappointing 5,112 fans turned out to Percival Molson Memorial Stadium.


19th Grey Cup, Pre-game
With the turf in dismal condition, Fred Wilson, the manager of the Roughriders, organized for pairs of lacrosse shoes to the sent to his team. The shoes somehow found their way into the Montreal dressing room, meaning that the visiting team had unintentionally supplied their opponents with excellent footwear for the icy conditions.


19th Grey Cup, Pre-game
Unbeknownst to Wilson, Regina head coach Al Ritchie had employed a Montreal shoemaker to attach leather cleats to the Roughriders' shoes. However, Ritchie's plan was foiled by the snowstorm, meaning that the Winged Wheelers had a major advantage out of the gate because of their footwear.