1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results
Notably, the three largest parties (MNR, ADN, MIR) got a relatively high number of seats in comparison with their percentage of votes, due to the fact that they obtained many seats in scarsely-populated areas in eastern Bolivia (thanks to their wide national organizational coverage). Together they mustered two thirds of the seats in the country. Newer parties like NFR and MSM got a relatively lower number of seats, as their vote was concentrated in urban areas.


1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results
As a result of the Quota Law (adopted in 1997) and Law on Political Parties (passed on June 25, 1999), the representation of women in municipal councils increased. 42.11% of the elected councilors were women (an increase compared to 9.77% in the 1995 elections).


1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results
However, Albó/Quispe study showed that the 92% of the elected mayors were men. The study also showed that many elected mayors had contested municipal elections before. Regarding ethnicity, the study showed a correlation between the size and wealth of the municipality and the ethnic identity of its mayor. The larger the population and/or the higher the level of wealth of the municipality, the more likely it was that the mayor would be non-indigenous.


1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results, La Paz Department
In La Paz, the media attention of the election campaign came to focus on the Juan del Granado's discourse against corruption and in favour of participatory democracy. In the end del Granado, a known human rights lawyer and parliamentarian, won the election by a very thin margin. In neighbouring El Alto, reducing commuting times between La Paz and El Alto remained high on the agenda, as in previous local elections. The incumbent CONDEPA had launched Remedios Loza, a popular TV figure, as their candidate.


1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results, La Paz Department
However CONDEPA was weakened in the city not only by the impact of the loss of its national leader, but also suffered from impopularity due to corruption and mismanagement in the municipality. The party was routed by the MIR, as the MIR leader José Luis Paredes was elected mayor with 45% of the votes. The electoral intervention of MNR in the city was quite low-key, in spite of the party having a strong local organization. Rather than seeking to get their candidate elected as mayor, the party focused on promoting their leader Goni ahead of the 2002 presidential election. MNR obtained a single seat in the El Alto municipal council.


1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results, Cochabamba Department
Evo Morales' new platform MAS obtained 39% of the votes in the Cochabamba Department, winning seven mayoral posts. The MAS vote in Cochabamba was almost completely confined to the Chapare, Carrasco and Ayopaya provinces. In the capital of the Department (Cochabamba) the MAS mayoral candidate only got 0.88% (less than the Communist Party candidate, Alejo Veliz who got 1.1%). The mayoral post of Cochabamba was won by Manfred Reyes Villa of the New Republican Force, who got 51.2% of the votes in the city.


1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results, Santa Cruz Department
The regional capital Santa Cruz de la Sierra witnessed a fierce electoral battle between the incumbent UCS mayor Johnny Férnandez and Percy Férnandez of MNR, out of which the UCS candidate emerged victorious.


1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results, Santa Cruz Department
In Charagua ADN, MNR, MIR, MBL and NFR won one seat each.


1999 Bolivian municipal elections, Results, Beni Department
In Moxos Province, ADN won three seats and MNR two.


1999 Bolsover District Council election
The 1999 Bolsover District Council election took place on 6 May 1999 to elect members of Bolsover District Council in Derbyshire, England. The whole council was up for election and the Labour party stayed in overall control of the council.


1999 Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council were held on 6 May 1999. One third of the council was up for election and the Labour party kept overall control of the council.


1999 Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council election
20 seats were contested in the election, with 11 being won by the Labour Party, 5 by the Liberal Democrats and 4 by the Conservatives.


1999 Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council election, Council Composition
Prior to the election the composition of the council was:


1999 Borno State gubernatorial election
The 1999 Borno State gubernatorial election occurred in Nigeria on January 9, 1999. The APP nominee Mala Kachalla won the election, defeating the PDP candidate, Baba Ahmad Jidda.


1999 Borno State gubernatorial election
Mala Kachalla emerged APP candidate, while Baba Ahmad Jidda emerged the PDP candidate.


1999 Borno State gubernatorial election, Electoral system
The Governor of Borno State is elected using the plurality voting system.


1999 Borno State gubernatorial election, Primary election, PDP primary
The PDP primary election was won by Baba Ahmad Jidda.


1999 Borno State gubernatorial election, Results
The total number of registered voters in the state was 1,690,943. Total number of votes cast was 765,241 while number of valid votes was 741,953. Rejected votes were 23,288.


1999 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix
The 1999 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix was the fourth round of the 1999 CART FedEx Champ Car World Series season, held on May 2, 1999, on the Nazareth Speedway in Nazareth, Pennsylvania.


1999 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix, Report, Race
Juan Pablo Montoya followed up on his win in Long Beach by taking his first CART pole in Nazareth, beating Hélio Castro-Neves by the minute margin of one-thousandth of a second. Montoya led the early stages of the race until Castro-Neves passed him in traffic on lap 39, however, a quicker pitstop by Montoya's Ganassi team got Montoya back out in front again. Montoya led for the next 95 laps, but Castro-Neves stayed on his tail all the time, the duo being much quicker than anyone else.


1999 Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix, Report, Race
Castro-Neves again passed Montoya on lap 145, only for the pit stops to reverse the order. On the resulting restart, Castro-Neves was caught out and passed by P. J. Jones, and later while trying to get the place back, he spun and lost two laps, before eventually crashing out. Montoya cruised to victory ahead of Jones and Paul Tracy, which also gave him the championship lead.


1999 Boston City Council election
Boston City Council elections were held on November 2, 1999. Eleven seats (seven district representatives and four at-large members) were contested in the general election, as the incumbents for districts 1 and 2 ran unopposed. Ten seats (six districts and the four at-large members) had also been contested in the preliminary election held on September 21, 1999.


1999 Boston City Council election, At-large
Councillors Francis Roache, Stephen J. Murphy, and Peggy Davis-Mullen were re-elected. Councillor Dapper O'Neil, a member of the council since 1971, lost his seat to Michael F. Flaherty.


1999 Boston City Council election, District 7
Councillor Gareth R. Saunders had announced in June 1999 that he would not seek re-election; his seat was won by Chuck Turner.


1999 Boston City Council election, District 8
Councillor Thomas M. Keane Jr. had announced in March 1999 that he would not seek re-election; his seat was won by Michael P. Ross, who defeated Suzanne Iannella, daughter of former council president Christopher A. Iannella and sister of former council member Richard P. Iannella.


1999 Boston College Eagles football team
The 1999 Boston College Eagles football team represented Boston College during the 1999 NCAA Division I-A football season. Boston College was a member of the Big East Conference. The Eagles played their home games in 1999 at Alumni Stadium in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, which has been their home stadium since 1957.


1999 Boston College Eagles football team, 1999 team players in the NFL
The following players were claimed in the 2000 NFL Draft.


1999 Boston Marathon
The 1999 Boston Marathon was the 103rd running of the annual marathon race in Boston, United States, which was held on April 19. The elite men's race was won by Kenya's Joseph Chebet in a time of 2:09:52 hours and the women's race was won by Ethiopia's Fatuma Roba in 2:23:25.


1999 Boston Red Sox season
The 1999 Boston Red Sox season was the 99th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished second in the American League East with a record of 94 wins and 68 losses, four games behind the New York Yankees, who went on to win the World Series. The Red Sox qualified for the postseason as the AL wild card, and defeated the American League Central champion Cleveland Indians in the ALDS. The Red Sox then lost to the Yankees in the ALCS.


1999 Boston Red Sox season
Pedro Martínez won the American League Cy Young Award, becoming the second pitcher to win the award in both leagues. Additionally, Jimy Williams was named the American League Manager of the Year.


1999 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season, All-Star Game
The 1999 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 70th playing of the midsummer classic between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and National League (NL). Red Sox legend Ted Williams threw the ceremonial first pitch. Three members of the Red Sox played in the game. Pitcher Pedro Martínez and shortstop Nomar Garciaparra were starters, while second baseman José Offerman was a reserve. The game, won by the American League 4-1, was held on July 13, 1999, at Fenway Park.


1999 Boston Red Sox season, Player statistics, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1999 Boston Red Sox season, Player statistics, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1999 Boston Red Sox season, Farm system
The Augusta GreenJackets replaced the Michigan Battle Cats as the Red Sox' Class A affiliate.


1999 Boston Red Sox season, Farm system
VSL cooperative was with the Chicago Cubs and Cincinnati Reds. LEAGUE CHAMPIONS: AugustaSource:


1999 Botswana general election
General elections were held in Botswana on 16 October 1999, alongside local elections. The result was an eighth straight victory for the ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), which increased its majority to 33 of the 40 elected seats in the National Assembly.


1999 Botswana general election, Background
A referendum on electoral reform in 1997 had led to the creation of a new Independent Electoral Commission (IEC), the lowering of the voting age from 21 to 18, and allowing overseas citizens to vote.


1999 Botswana general election, Background
Prior to the election, the National Assembly was dissolved in late July 1999. Because fewer than half of the roughly 800,000 eligible voters had registered, it was decided in late July to introduce supplementary voter registration. On 27 August it was reported that President Festus Mogae had set the election date for 16 October. However, announcing the date invalidated the supplementary voter registration because the names of the recently registered voters had not yet been published for inspection.


1999 Botswana general election, Background
As a result, Mogae declared a state of emergency so that the National Assembly could meet again to amend legislation in order to allow the addition of about 60,000 people to the voters roll; this was the first time a state of emergency had been declared since Botswana became independent. A spokesman for the Botswana Electoral Commission described the situation as "very normal" and said that the election date would not be changed. The opposition Botswana Alliance Movement (BAM) and Botswana Congress Party (BCP) were critical, however, with the former's Lepetu Setshwaelo describing it as "the biggest scandal since our independence" and calling the government "totally incompetent". The BCP said that the state of emergency was unnecessary.


1999 Botswana general election, Campaign
The main opposition party, the Botswana National Front (BNF) split in mid-1998 after party leader Kenneth Koma was suspended by the party's central committee, and then had the suspension overturned by a court ruling. After Koma returned to the party leadership, he formed a caretaker committee to remove the members who had opposed him. The excluded members subsequently left to form the BCP, which included 11 of the BNF's 13 MPs and most of its local councillors. As a result, BCP leader Michael Dingake replaced Koma as Leader of the Opposition.


1999 Botswana general election, Campaign
Following talks that began in late 1998, the BNF, the United Action Party and five other opposition parties agreed to form the BAM in January 1999. However, the BNF had left the alliance by the end of April 1999 after the other parties refused to allow the BNF to determine the Alliance's candidates in every constituency.


1999 Botswana general election, Campaign
The election campaign was low-key, and focussed on poverty, unemployment, wealth distribution and the country's AIDS epidemic. The BDP campaigned on a promise of prudent financial management, industrial diversification and efforts to combat the AIDS problem. The BNF criticised the government's economic policy, claiming it was too focussed on urban areas. The BCP claimed the government was too complacent, having been in power since the mid-1960s.


1999 Botswana general election, Aftermath
Following the elections, the National Assembly re-elected Mogae as President on 20 October.


1999 Botswana local elections
Local elections in Botswana were held on 16 October 1999 for the district councils of the Districts of Botswana.


1999 Botswana local elections, Results By District, North-East District
There was a tie in one ward and a by-election was held on 29 January 2000. The BDP candidate won, bringing their total to 15 seats.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash
On March 15, 1999, Amtrak's southbound City of New Orleans passenger train collided with a semi-trailer truck in the village of Bourbonnais, Illinois, United States. Most of the train derailed, killing eleven people. A National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation into the accident attributed the cause to the truck driver trying to beat the train across a grade crossing.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash
The NTSB's recommendations from the accident included increased enforcement of grade crossing signals, the installation of train event recorders at all new or improved grade crossings, and procedures to provide emergency responders with accurate lists of all crew members and passengers aboard trains. The city of Bourbonnais erected a memorial near the site to commemorate those killed in the accident.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Accident
At approximately 9:47 pm Central (local) time on March 15, 1999, Amtrak's City of New Orleans number 59 was operating southbound through Bourbonnais, Illinois, on tracks owned by the Illinois Central Railroad (four months later, the IC folded into the Canadian National Railway). It was pulled by two GE P40DC locomotives, #807 leading and #829 trailing. 207 passengers and 21 crew members were on board at the time of the accident.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Accident
While operating through Bourbonnais, the train's engineer observed a semi-trailer truck loaded with steel slowly crossing the tracks at a grade crossing. When the engineer realized the truck was not going to clear the tracks in time, he engaged the train's emergency brake. However, the train was traveling at 79 mph (127 km/h) and was unable to stop in time.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Accident
Both of the train's locomotives and eleven of the train's fourteen passenger cars derailed; the derailed cars struck freight cars on an adjacent siding. Eleven people aboard the train were killed and another 121 were transported to nearby hospitals with serious injuries. The driver of the semi-truck, John R. Stokes, was also injured. The crash also resulted in over US$14 million in damage.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Investigations, NTSB investigation
The NTSB attributed the cause of the wreck to Stokes's reaction to the grade crossing signals. Thinking he could beat the train across the tracks, Stokes chose to proceed onto the tracks in front of the train. Stokes reported that the crossing signal did not activate until his vehicle was "right on top of the track," but he also stated that he did not want to brake quickly to avoid a shifting load that could hit the back of the truck's cab. Witnesses stated that the gates came down after the truck had entered the grade crossing.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Investigations, NTSB investigation
One witness stated that the gate clipped the truck's trailer and that part of the gate may have broken off as a result. The accident's fatalities were found in the third car from the engines, sleeper car 32035, due to warping of the coach, a piece of running rail piercing it, and fire damage.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Investigations, NTSB investigation
As a result of the accident, the NTSB made several recommendations:


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Investigations, Local civil and criminal investigations
The accident was also investigated by Illinois state and local agencies. Stokes had been convicted of numerous traffic violations in the past, and his trucking company, Melco Transfer Inc., had been cited for safety violations. Although the NTSB's investigation placed the fault of the collision on Stokes and his failure to yield at the grade crossing, the Illinois State Police concluded that the crossing lights were flashing, as expected, but the crossing gates were not functioning correctly and failed to be lowered until Stokes had already begun crossing the tracks.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Investigations, Local civil and criminal investigations
The Illinois Attorney General reviewed the case for criminal charges, but due to the conflicting agency reports, it was ultimately determined that the evidence would be insufficient to charge Stokes for the eleven deaths. "Stokes never faced more serious charges, such as involuntary manslaughter, in the accident that also injured 122 people because prosecutors at the time did not believe they could meet the burden of proof," said a spokeswoman for the Illinois attorney general's office.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Investigations, Local civil and criminal investigations
Instead, prosecutors obtained a grand jury indictment against Stokes in September 2001 for one count of willful violation of maximum driving time in violation of Illinois statute 625 ILCS 5/18b-108 (incorporating 49 C.F.R. 395.3) and willful violation of driver's record of duty in violation of Illinois statute 625 ILCS 5/18b-108 (incorporating 49 C.F.R. 395.8), both felonies. He was found guilty on both counts in August 2004.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Investigations, Local civil and criminal investigations
Stokes was sentenced on September 21, 2004, to two years in prison for logbook, manslaughter, and hours of service violations. At sentencing, Kankakee County Judge Clark Erickson stated that it was not proven if a lack of rest played a factor in the wreck but that he believed Stokes would have been more able to make safe driving decisions if he had been fully rested. Stokes was later found to have had multiple violations that required his attendance of traffic school five times in three different counties, which should have resulted in his license being suspended at the time of the wreck. He died in February 2007 from a cerebral hemorrhage.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Aftermath
Following the collision, the city of Bourbonnais erected a memorial to the deceased victims at the intersection of Highway 45 and 102, across from the Olivet Nazarene University campus. On January 17, 2006, the Village Board of Bourbonnais voted to permanently close the grade crossing where the accident occurred. A replacement crossing will be built at another location nearby that will, the Village Board hopes, prevent similar wrecks from occurring in the future.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Aftermath
At least thirty-one civil cases were filed in various courts against parties involved in the wreck. In Illinois, the court placed the cause of the wreck squarely on Stokes, finding:


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Aftermath
The manner in which the load of rebar was anchored and secured to the flatbed trailer had nothing to do with the cause of the accident. The accident arose from Stokes’ conduct in ignoring the flashing warning lights at the railroad crossing and attempting to drive through the crossing ahead of an oncoming train traveling at nearly 80 miles per hour, where the resulting collision caused pieces of rebar to be thrown onto the tracks derailing the train.


1999 Bourbonnais, Illinois, train crash, Aftermath
Prior to one trial, Stokes and Melco settled with all the plaintiffs.


1999 Bournemouth Borough Council election
Elections to Bournemouth Borough Council on the south coast of England were held on 6 May 1999. The whole council (a unitary authority) was up for election.


1999 Bournemouth International
The 1999 Bournemouth International was a men's tennis tournament that took place between the 13 and 19 September 1999, on clay in Bournemouth. It was an International Series event which was part of the 1999 ATP Tour. Félix Mantilla was the defending champion but he lost in the first round to Kenneth Carlsen. Adrian Voinea defeated Stefan Koubek in the final.


1999 Bournemouth International, Finals, Doubles
David Adams /  Jeff Tarango def. Michael Kohlmann / Nicklas Kulti 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 7–6(7–5)


1999 Bournemouth International, Finals, Doubles
This tennis-related competition article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1999 Bournemouth International – Doubles
Neil Broad and Kevin Ullyett were the defending champions, but lost in semifinals to Michael Kohlmann and Nicklas Kulti.


1999 Bournemouth International – Doubles
David Adams and Jeff Tarango won the title by defeating Michael Kohlmann and Nicklas Kulti 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 7–6(7–5) in the final.


1999 Bournemouth International – Singles
Félix Mantilla was the defending champion but he lost in the first round to Kenneth Carlson.


1999 Bournemouth International – Singles
Adrian Voinea won in the final against Stefan Koubek 1–6, 7–5, 7–6(2).


1999 Bovenkarspel legionellosis outbreak
The Bovenkarspel legionellosis outbreak (Dutch: Legionellaramp; Legionella disaster) began on 25 February 1999 in Bovenkarspel, the Netherlands, and was one of the largest outbreaks of legionellosis in history. With at least 32 dead and 206 severe infections, it was the deadliest legionellosis outbreak since the original 1976 outbreak in Philadelphia, USA.


1999 Bovenkarspel legionellosis outbreak
Between 19 and 28 February 1999, the Westfriese Flora took place in Bovenkarspel, one of the largest indoor flower exhibitions in the world (later the Holland Flowers Festival). A vendor had several recreational hot tubs on display, with one of them filled from a long-inactive firehose and heated to 37 degrees Celsius (98.6 degrees Fahrenheit). In the water that had previously stagnated inside the hose, a very aggressive type of legionella pneumophila bacterium had developed. The vendor did not add chlorine to the tubs, since customers were not permitted in them.


1999 Bovenkarspel legionellosis outbreak
From 7 March, 13 patients were admitted to the Westfries Gasthuis in Hoorn. Unable to diagnose the patients, hospital staff called the Academic Medical Center (AMC) in Amsterdam. The AMC initially diagnosed six patients with legionellosis and a link with the Westfriese Flora was soon made. On 12 March, the Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) issued an epidemic warning to all doctors and hospitals, alerting them to Flora visitors and people with pneumonia-like symptoms. In the following weeks, 318 cases throughout the Netherlands were reported to the RIVM.


1999 Bovenkarspel legionellosis outbreak
All patients had visited the Westfriese Flora after 22 February and had become ill between 25 February and 16 March. It is known that 32 people died of the infection, one of them in 2001 after prolonged illness. A further 206 people became severely ill and many developed permanent health problems after visiting the Flora.


1999 Bovenkarspel legionellosis outbreak
The 318 cases exceeds the 221 in the 1976 Philadelphia outbreak. While the Philadelphia outbreak had two more fatalities (34 versus 32), there is a possibility that others died in the 1999 Bovenkarspel outbreak, but were interred before the infection was recognized.


1999 Bowling Green Falcons football team
The 1999 Bowling Green Falcons football team was an American football team that represented Bowling Green University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1999 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their ninth season under head coach Gary Blackney, the Falcons compiled a 5–6 record (3–5 against MAC opponents), finished in fifth place in the MAC East Division, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 312 to 296.


1999 Bowling Green Falcons football team
The team's statistical leaders included Ricky Schneider with 1,121 passing yards, Joe Alls with 592 rushing yards, and Kurt Gerling with 775 receiving yards.


1999 Brabantse Pijl
The 1999 Brabantse Pijl was the 39th edition of the Brabantse Pijl cycle race and was held on 28 March 1999. The race started and finished in Alsemberg. The race was won by Michele Bartoli.


1999 Bradford Bulls season
This article details the Bradford Bulls rugby league football club's 1999 season, the 4th season of the Super League era.


1999 Bradford Bulls season, Season review
The Bulls kicked off their 1999 season with a huge bang as they thrashed Workington Town 92–0 in the Challenge Cup. They progressed through to the quarter-finals by defeating Wakefield Trinity Wildcats 26–8.


1999 Bradford Bulls season, Season review
Bradford won their first Super League game of the year 18–6 against Sheffield Eagles. The Bulls progressed to the semi-finals of the Challenge Cup by beating Warrington Wolves 52–16. Bradford's winning streak continued with an 8–3 win over Hull Sharks. Bradford's first loss of the season came in the Challenge Cup semi-final as they were beaten 23–10 by arch-rivals Leeds Rhinos.


1999 Bradford Bulls season, Season review
The Bulls didn't have to wait long to avenge the semi-final loss, the very next week Bradford beat Leeds 18–14 in front of a 16,000 plus crowd at Odsal which meant the Bulls retained 2nd place in the table. After the high of beating Leeds the Bulls came crashing back down to earth after suffering a 58–14 loss to St. Helens. However they soon got their season back on track with a 26–16 win against Wakefield Trinity Wildcats at home, they followed this win with another victory, this time a 22–14 win away at Warrington Wolves. Bradford finished the month with a 20–2 win against fellow Yorkshire team Halifax Blue Sox.


1999 Bradford Bulls season, Season review
Bradford kicked May off with an 18–18 draw against Castleford Tigers which was the Bulls first draw in the Super League history. The following week Bradford hammered Salford City Reds with a 46–6 victory, soon after the Bulls beat Gateshead Thunder 22–12 at the Thunderdome. In one of the Bulls best performances of the year they beat Wigan Warriors 19–2, keeping the Super League champions try less. Bradford's dominance throughout May ended with a 22–20 win against Huddersfield Giants.


1999 Bradford Bulls season, Season review
Bradford kicked off June with an outstanding 52–2 win against Sheffield Eagles. The Bulls great run of form continued with an astonishing 74–12 win against London Broncos at Odsal Stadium, however they were soon brought to a low as they crashed to a 45–16 loss against arch rivals Leeds Rhinos. They didn't let this heavy defeat get them down as they took St. Helens apart the following week and won 46–22 ensuring that they stayed at the top of the league.


1999 Bradford Bulls season, Season review
The Bulls beat Wakefield Trinity Wildcats 36–8 in the first game in July, this win kept them at the top of the table. They followed this win with a clinical performance against Huddersfield Giants and came out 26–0 winners. Bradford's good run of results continued with an outstanding 56–6 win against Warrington Wolves. They travelled to Halifax and beat them 34–20 in a tough match to make sure their status as league leaders was intact, this continued with a 24–22 win against Castleford Tigers. The next match saw the Bulls beat London Broncos 19–16 in a hard fought game at Welford Road.


1999 Bradford Bulls season, Season review
Bradford started off August with a comprehensive 58–20 win over Salford City Reds. Gateshead Thunder was the next to lose in the Bulls run of impressive victories as Bradford beat them 30–14. Bradford's long run of successive wins was brought to and end as Wigan Warriors beat the Bulls 14–0 which makes it the first time in the Super League history that the Bulls have been scoreless in a game. However they bounced back a week later to thrash Sheffield Eagles 52–4. Bradford then beat Hull Sharks 44–12 to ensure that they stayed at the top of the league and would be Super League minor premiers for the 1999 season.


1999 Bradford Bulls season, Season review
Bradford beat their arch-rivals Leeds Rhinos 19–18 with a last minute drop goal from Michael Withers in front of a 24,020 crowd at Odsal Stadium. The Bulls finished off the regular season with a 25–16 loss to St. Helens however Bradford were awarded the League Leader's Shield for finishing top of the league. Bradford once again faced St. Helens but this time in the Qualifying Semi-final, Bradford beat the Saints 40–4 with Henry Paul pulling the strings and contributing by scoring 2 tries. However Saints were to get their revenge as they beat Bradford 8–6 in a hard fought Grand Final with Henry Paul scoring all 6 of Bradford's points.


1999 Braintree District Council election
The 1999 Braintree District Council election took place on 6 May 1999 to elect members of Braintree District Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections.


1999 Brandenburg state election
The 1999 Brandenburg state election was held on 5 September 1999 to elect the members of the 3rd Landtag of Brandenburg. The incumbent Social Democratic Party (SPD) majority government led by Minister-President Manfred Stolpe lost its majority. The SPD subsequently formed a grand coalition with the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), and Stolpe continued as Minister-President.


1999 Brandenburg state election, Parties
The table below lists parties represented in the 2nd Landtag of Brandenburg.


1999 Brasil Open
The 1999 Brasil Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in São Paulo, Brazil. It was part of Tier IV of the 1999 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from October 4 through October 10, 1999. Fabiola Zuluaga won the singles title.


1999 Brasil Open, Entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:


1999 Brasil Open, Entrants, Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the doubles main draw:


1999 Brasil Open, Entrants, Other entrants
The following players received entry from the singles qualifying draw:


1999 Brasil Open, Entrants, Other entrants
The following players received entry from the doubles qualifying draw:


1999 Brasil Open, Champions, Doubles
Laura Montalvo /  Paola Suárez defeated  Janette Husárová /  Florencia Labat, 6–7(7–9), 7–5, 7–5


1999 Brasil Open – Doubles
The 1999 Brasil Open – Doubles was the tennis doubles event of the first edition of the most prestigious tournament in Brazil. Argentinian team Laura Montalvo and Paola Suárez won the title, in what was the team's second title of the year, defeating Janette Husárová and Florencia Labat in the final.


1999 Brasil Open – Singles
The 1999 Brasil Open – Singles was the tennis singles event of the first edition of the most prestigious tournament in Brazil. South American Fabiola Zuluaga won the title, defeating Patricia Wartusch in the final.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix
The 1999 Brazilian Grand Prix (formally the XXVIII Grande Prêmio Marlboro do Brasil) was a Formula One motor race held on 11 April 1999 at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace in São Paulo, Brazil. It was the second race of the 1999 Formula One season. The 71-lap race was won by McLaren driver Mika Häkkinen after starting from pole position. Michael Schumacher finished second in a Ferrari with Heinz-Harald Frentzen third for the Jordan team.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix
Ricardo Zonta did not qualify for the race, after he had injured his left foot in a big crash during Saturday's practice.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Driver Changes
The race marked the debut for Stéphane Sarrazin, who drove the Minardi for an injured Luca Badoer. Badoer had injured his hand in a testing accident, and Sarrazin - then the test driver for Prost - was drafted in to Minardi.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, Report, Background, Driver Changes
As Luca Badoer returned for the following race, and he was still the test driver for Prost, it was Stéphane Sarrazin's only entry in Formula One.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, Report, Race
At the start of the race, pole sitter Mika Häkkinen raced off with the lead, while his McLaren teammate David Coulthard stalled on the grid. McLaren at this point had been reeling from a double-DNF at the season-opening Australian Grand Prix, and Coulthard's failure raised eyebrows at the team. Coulthard's car was pushed into the pit lane, where it was restarted as the leaders began lap 4.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, Report, Race
On lap 4, local hero Rubens Barrichello took the lead of the race from Mika Häkkinen after Häkkinen's car suffered a temporary transmission malfunction and was unable to select any gears. Häkkinen was also passed by Michael Schumacher before his car regained the ability to select gears. Barrichello was able to stay in front until he pitted on lap 27. It was the first time a Stewart car had led a race. The crowd of roughly 80,000 cheered wildly as "Rubinho" built a lead of about 5 seconds over Schumacher.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Alexander Wurz and Damon Hill collided on lap 10, ending Hill's race. Rubens Barrichello fell to fourth place after his pit stop, and Michael Schumacher took over the lead. David Coulthard's day ended when he pulled off the track with a mechanical failure. Stéphane Sarrazin, in his only F1 entry, had a massive crash on the pit straight on lap 31 after suffering a wing failure, with him spinning more than six times. On lap 35, Barrichello passed Eddie Irvine under braking into the first corner to take third place.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Michael Schumacher came in for a pit stop on lap 38, allowing Mika Häkkinen past. Häkkinen had been held up by Schumacher, so he began trying to build up enough of a gap so he could come out ahead of Schumacher after his own pit stop. Lap traffic delayed his progress at first, but after one lap he was able to turn in a couple of fast laps. He pitted on lap 42, and his fast laps combined with quick work by his pit crew allowed him to easily retain the lead over Schumacher.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, Report, Race
On lap 42, Pedro Diniz spun off and beached his car after trying to pass another car to the inside. Rubens Barrichello's race ended on the same lap with a blown engine. Eddie Irvine came in for an unscheduled pit stop on lap 55 to clear the radiators of his overheating Ferrari, dropping him back to fifth.


1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, Report, Race
Mika Häkkinen won the race, with Michael Schumacher second. Heinz-Harald Frentzen was classified third despite running out of fuel on the final lap, as the next car was a lap down. Ralf Schumacher finished fourth after being closely pursued by Eddie Irvine for the last few laps. 10th race win for Mika Häkkinen.


1999 Bremen state election
The 1999 Bremen state election was held on 6 June 1999 to elect the members of the Bürgerschaft of Bremen, as well as the city councils of Bremen and Bremerhaven. The incumbent grand coalition of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and Christian Democratic Union (CDU) led by Mayor Henning Scherf retained its majority and continued in office.


1999 Bremen state election, Parties
The table below lists parties represented in the previous Bürgerschaft of Bremen.


1999 Brentwood Borough Council election
Elections to Brentwood Council were held on 6 May 1999. One third of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrat party kept overall control of the council.


1999 Brickyard 400
The 1999 Brickyard 400, the 6th running of the event, was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race held on August 7, 1999 at Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana. Contested at 160 laps on the 2.5 mile (4.023 km) speedway, it was the 20th race of the 1999 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season. Dale Jarrett of Robert Yates Racing won the race.


1999 Brickyard 400, Background
The Indianapolis Motor Speedway, located in Speedway, Indiana, (an enclave suburb of Indianapolis) in the United States, is the home of the Indianapolis 500 and the Brickyard 400. It is located on the corner of 16th Street and Georgetown Road, approximately six miles (10 km) west of Downtown Indianapolis. It is a four-turn rectangular-oval track that is 2.5 miles (4.023 km) long. The track's turns are banked at 9 degrees, while the front stretch, the location of the finish line, has no banking. The back stretch, opposite of the front, also has a zero degree banking. The racetrack has seats for more than 250,000 spectators. Jeff Gordon was the race's defending champion.


1999 Brickyard 400, Summary
Late in the race, Dale Jarrett leads, but fourth-place Bobby Labonte is the only car in the top five that can go the distance without pitting for fuel. A caution comes out with 17 laps to go, allowing the leaders to pit, foiling Labonte's chances to steal the win. As the leaders pitted, in an unexpected move, Dale Jarrett took on only two tires. Jeff Burton saw this and pulled away after taking only two tires. His pit crew, however, had already tried to loosen the lug nuts on the left side. Jarrett led the rest of the way, becomes the second two-time winner, and erases his heartbreak from 1998.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado
The 1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado (locally referred to as the May 3rd tornado) was a large and exceptionally powerful F5 tornado in which the highest wind speeds ever measured globally were recorded at 301 ± 20 miles per hour (484 ± 32 km/h) by a Doppler on Wheels (DOW) radar. Considered the strongest tornado ever recorded to have affected the metropolitan area, the tornado devastated southern portions of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, along with surrounding suburbs and towns to the south and southwest of the city during the early evening of Monday, May 3, 1999. The tornado covered 38 miles (61 km) during its 85-minute existence, destroying thousands of homes, killing 36 people (plus an additional five indirectly), and leaving US$1 billion (1999 USD) in damage, ranking it as the fifth-costliest on record not accounting for inflation.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado
The tornado first touched down at 6:23 p.m. Central Daylight Time (CDT) in Grady County, roughly two miles (3.2 km) south-southwest of the town of Amber. It quickly intensified into a violent F4, and gradually reached F5 status after traveling 6.5 miles (10.5 km), at which time it struck the town of Bridge Creek. It fluctuated in strength, ranging from F2 to F5 status before it crossed into Cleveland County where it reached F5 intensity for a third time shortly before entering the city of Moore. By 7:30 pm, the tornado crossed into Oklahoma County and battered southeastern Oklahoma City, Del City, and Midwest City before dissipating around 7:48 p.m. just outside Midwest City. A total of 8,132 homes, 1,041 apartments, 260 businesses, eleven public buildings, and seven churches were damaged or destroyed.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado
Large-scale search and rescue operations immediately took place in the affected areas. A major disaster declaration was signed by President Bill Clinton the following day (May 4) allowing the state to receive federal aid. In the following months, disaster aid amounted to $67.8 million. Reconstruction projects in subsequent years led to a safer, tornado-ready community. However, on May 20, 2013, nearby areas adjacent to the 1999 storm's track along with some of the same areas in the path of the tornado were again devastated by another large and violent EF5 tornado, resulting in 24 fatalities and extreme damage in the South Oklahoma City/Moore area.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
The Bridge Creek–Moore tornado was part of a much larger outbreak which produced 71 tornadoes across five states throughout the Central Plains on May 3 alone, along with an additional 25 that touched down a day later in some of the areas affected by the previous day's activity (some of which were spawned by supercells that developed on the evening of May 3), stretching eastward to the Mississippi River Valley.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
The most prolific tornadic activity associated with the May 3 outbreak – and the multi-day outbreak as a whole – occurred in Oklahoma; 14 of the 66 tornadoes that occurred within the state that afternoon and evening produced damage consistent with the Fujita scale's "strong" (F2–F3) and "violent" (F4–F5) categories, which, in addition to the areas struck by the Bridge Creek–Moore tornado family, affected towns such as Mulhall, Cimarron City, Dover, Choctaw and Stroud.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
On the morning of May 3, in its Day 1 Convective Outlook for the United States, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) – based in Norman, approximately 10 miles (16 km) south of the tornado's eventual damage path – issued a slight risk of severe thunderstorms from southern Nebraska to central Texas.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
SPC analysis had detected the presence of a dry line that stretched from western Kansas into western Texas that was approaching a warm, humid air-mass over the Central Plains; the condition ahead of the dry line and a connecting trough positioned over northeastern Colorado appeared to favor the development of thunderstorms later that day that would contain large hail, damaging straight-line winds, and isolated tornadoes.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
SPC forecasters initially underestimated the atmospheric conditions that would support tornadic development that afternoon and evening. Around 4:00 a.m. CDT that morning, Doppler radar and wind profile data indicated a 90-knot (100 mph; 170 km/h) streak of elevated jet stream winds along the California−Nevada border, though weather balloon soundings sent up the previous evening by National Weather Service (NWS) offices in the western U.S. and numerical computer model data failed to detect the fast-moving air current as it moved ashore from the Pacific Ocean.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
In addition, the dry line was diffused, with surface winds behind and ahead of the boundary moving into the region from a southerly direction. SPC meteorologists began to recalculate model data during the morning to account for the stronger wind profiles caused by the jet streak; the data acknowledged that thunderstorms would occur within the Central Plains, but disagreed on the exact area of greatest severe weather risk.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
By 7:00 a.m. CDT, CAPE (convective available potential energy) values began exceeding 4,000 J/kg, an extreme value well above the climatological threshold favoring the development of severe thunderstorms.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
Despite conflicting model data on the specified area where thunderstorms would develop, the newly available information that denoted a more favorable severe thunderstorm setup in that part of the state prompted the SPC to upgrade the forecasted threat of severe weather to a moderate risk for south-central Kansas, much of the western two-thirds of Oklahoma, and the northwestern and north-central portions of Texas at 11:15 a.m. CDT that morning, which now indicated that the atmospheric conditions present would "provide sufficient shear for a few strong or violent tornadic supercells given the abundant low level moisture and the high instability." The increasing threat of a severe weather/tornado outbreak for late that afternoon into the evening was reemphasized by NWS Norman forecasters in a Thunderstorm Outlook issued by the office at 12:30 p.m. CDT.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
By the early afternoon hours, forecasters at both the SPC and NWS Norman (both of which shared an office complex near Max Westheimer Airport at the time), realized that a major event was likely to take place based solely on observational data from radar and weather satellite imagery and balloon soundings, as the computer models remained uncooperative in helping meteorologists determine where the greatest threat of severe storms would occur.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
Conditions became highly conducive for tornadic development by 1:00 p.m. CDT as wind shear intensified over the region (as confirmed by an unscheduled balloon sounding flight conducted by the NWS Norman office), creating a highly unstable atmosphere.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
The sounding balloon recorded winds blowing southwesterly at 20 mph (32 km/h) and 50 mph (80 km/h) respectively at the surface and at the 12,000-foot (3,700 m) level, southerly winds of 40 mph (64 km/h) and westerly winds of 20 mph (32 km/h) at 20,000 feet (6,100 m); it also indicated that a capping inversion over the region was weakening in southwestern Oklahoma and north Texas. With the warm air above the surface cooling down, this allowed warm air at the surface the chance to rise and potentially create thunderstorms.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
Although cirrus clouds − a bank of which had developed in west Texas and overspread portions of Oklahoma later in the morning − were present through much of the day, an area of clearing skies over western north Texas and southwestern Oklahoma early that afternoon allowed for the sun to heat up the moisture-laden region, creating significant atmospheric instability.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
At 3:49 p.m. CDT, the SPC − having gathered enough data to surmise that there was a credible threat of a significant severe weather outbreak occurring within the next few hours − amended its Day 1 Convective Outlook to place the western nine-tenths of the main body of Oklahoma, central and south-central Kansas and the northern two-thirds of Texas under a high severe weather risk, denoting a higher than normal probability of strong (F2+) tornadoes within the risk area.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Meteorological synopsis
About 40 minutes after the revised outlook's issuance, at 4:30 p.m. CDT, the SPC issued a tornado watch for western and central Oklahoma, effective from 4:45 p.m. until 10:00 p.m. CDT that evening, for the threat of tornadoes, hail up to three inches (7.6 cm) in diameter, wind gusts to 80 mph (130 km/h) and intense lightning. As that happened, the first thunderstorm cell of the unfolding event had already formed over southwestern Oklahoma.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
The thunderstorm that eventually produced the F5 tornado began developing around 3:20 p.m. CDT that afternoon over northeastern Tillman County (southwest of Faxon). Despite the lack of overall lift prevalent in the region, the storm formed out of a contrail-like horizontal area of convective clouds that developed during peak surface heating over southwestern Oklahoma, located well ahead of the dry line that was still positioned farther to the west, which provided enhanced lift and speed shear necessary to develop the supercell. Tracking northeast, the storm strengthened and entered Comanche County shortly after 4:00 p.m. CDT. By 4:15 p.m. CDT, the NWS Norman office issued a severe thunderstorm warning for Comanche County, as the initial storm continued to rapidly intensify over the southern half of the county; there, hail up to 1.75 inches (4.4 cm) in diameter fell.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
As the supercell's mesocyclonic rotation began to rapidly strengthen at the cloud base, a tornado warning was issued for the counties of Comanche, Caddo, and Grady at 4:50 p.m. CDT; one minute later, a small tornado roughly 25 yards (75 ft) in diameter − the first of fourteen associated with supercell "A" (NWS Norman designated lettered names for the three tornado-producing supercells in the outbreak in storm surveys) − touched down seven miles (11 km) east-northeast of Medicine Park along U.S. Route 62. Five more tornadoes developed as the storm continued northeast; a sixth one, which would be given an F3 rating, touched down a short time later and caused substantial damage in central Grady County, including some to the Chickasha Municipal Airport, where roofs were torn off of two hangars.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
At 6:23 p.m. CDT, a ninth tornado associated with supercell "A" touched down about two miles (3.2 km) south-southwest of Amber. The tornado quickly intensified in both strength and size as it crossed Oklahoma State Highway 92, attaining F4 strength about 4 miles (6.4 km) east-northeast of Amber. It quickly became a wedge tornado, varying between one-quarter and one mile (0.40 and 1.61 km) in width at various points throughout the track. Damage consistent with this rating was sustained over the following 6.5 miles (10.5 km) of the path before striking Bridge Creek.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
There, it attained the highest-possible rating on the Fujita Scale, F5. A mobile Doppler weather radar recorded winds of 301 mph (484 km/h) within the tornado at Bridge Creek, the highest wind speed ever recorded on Earth. Since the record for maximum winds are reported from only non-tornadic events, however, the 253 mph (407 km/h) wind gust from Cyclone Olivia in 1996 retained the title.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
Damage in Bridge Creek was extreme, as many homes were swept away completely, leaving only concrete slabs where the structures once stood. Damage surveyors noted that the remaining structural debris from some of the homes in this area was finely granulated into small fragments, and that trees and shrubs were completely debarked. A few of these homes were bolted to their foundations. Approximately 200 houses and mobile homes were destroyed, and hundreds of other structures were damaged. The Ridgecrest Baptist Church in Bridge Creek was also destroyed in the process. Extensive ground scouring occurred, and vehicles were thrown hundreds of yards from where they originated, including a mangled pickup truck that was found wrapped around a telephone pole. About one inch (25 mm) of asphalt was scoured off one road.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
About twelve people died in Bridge Creek, nine of whom were in mobile homes; all fatalities and the majority of injuries were concentrated in the Willow Lake and Southern Hills Additions and Bridge Creek Estates, consisting mostly of mobile homes. Over 39 people were injured in the area as well. Continuing northeastward, the tornado briefly weakened to F4 status before re-strengthening to F5 intensity as it neared the Grady-McClain County line, where a car was thrown roughly 0.25 mi (0.40 km) in the air, and a well-built home with anchor bolts was reduced to a bare slab.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
At this time, it had attained a width of one mile (1.6 km), having grown to its largest width after crossing the South Canadian River into the southern Oklahoma City limits. The tornado then became quickly rain-wrapped; Jim Gardner, then-helicopter pilot for KFOR-TV, reported during the station's live coverage of the storm that the tornado was at least one mile wide, and was embedded (or "rain-wrapped") in the precipitation core associated with the main circulation, making it difficult to see.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
As it was becoming clear that a particularly violent tornado was moving into some of the most densely populated areas of central Oklahoma, around 6:57 p.m. CDT, NWS Norman issued the first-ever tornado emergency for southern portions of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. David Andra, a meteorologist at the NWS Norman office, said that, in drafting the enhanced warning, he wanted to "paint the picture [to residents in the areas that were to be affected by the storm] that a rare and deadly tornado was imminent in the metro area."


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
For its initial usage, the enhanced wording was released as part of a standalone Severe Weather Statement (NWS code: SVS), which were (and still are) normally meant to update the public on an existing tornado warning or severe thunderstorm warning. For tornado warnings, the SVS provides updated information on the approximate location of the storm's base-level rotation or, if it occurred after the initial warning was issued, a tornado reported by the public, civil defense personnel or storm spotters, or with the later advent of dual-polarization radar in the early 2010s, verified by radar-detected debris signatures.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
(In future issuances, tornado emergencies were issued within either the initial tornado warning issuance or an SVS providing updated information on a tornado warning already in effect.) Two minutes later, at 6:59 p.m. CDT, the SPC issued a Particularly Dangerous Situation tornado watch for much of the central third of Oklahoma, effective from 7:15 p.m. until midnight CDT on the early morning of May 4; the SPC watch product discussion noted that the extreme instability compensated for "somewhat marginal" wind shear to enhance the threat of strong to violent tornadoes.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
Paralleling along Interstate 44, the tornado moved into McClain County, where it crossed the highway twice at F4 intensity, killing a woman who was blown out from an underpass where she was attempting to seek shelter after being dragged down the embankment by the intense channeling winds; her 11-year-old son − with whom the woman vacated their stalled car nearby − survived, staying held tight onto the steel girders of the overpass.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
A man who helped the mother and son up the overpass suffered severe injuries to his leg, which was partially sliced by a highway sign thrown by the winds. At 7:10 p.m. CDT, a satellite tornado touched down over an open field north of Newcastle; it was rated as an F0 due to lack of damage. In McClain County, 38 homes and two businesses were destroyed and 40 homes, some of which were leveled at F4 intensity, were flattened; seventeen people were injured.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
After crossing the Canadian River, the tornado entered Cleveland County and weakened to F2 intensity. By this time, it had entered the south side of Oklahoma City. Several minutes after entering the county, it re-attained F4 status, and then moved directly into the city of Moore, reaching F5 intensity for a third time. Some of the most severe damage took place in Cleveland County, mainly in Moore, where eleven people were killed and 293 others were injured. The tornado caused an estimated $450 million in damage across the county.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
The first area impacted in Moore was the Country Place Estates subdivision, where 50 homes were destroyed and one was swept cleanly from its foundation at F5 intensity. Several vehicles were picked up and tossed nearly 0.25 mi (0.40 km) away from their previous location. According to local police, an airplane wing, believed to have been from an airport in Grady County (possibly lofted into the storm's updraft when the supercell's sixth tornado hit Chickasha Municipal Airport), was found near Country Place Estates.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
Then, the powerful tornado struck the densely populated Eastlake Estates at F5 intensity, killing three people and reducing entire rows of homes to rubble. In one instance, four adjacent homes were completely destroyed, with only concrete slabs remaining, warranting an F5 rating at that location. Three other homes in this housing division also received F5 damage, with the remaining destruction rated high-end F4. Severe debarking of trees was noted in this area. At the Emerald Springs Apartments, three more people were killed and a two-story apartment building was mostly flattened.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
As the tornado entered Cleveland County, NWS Norman activated emergency procedures, preparing to evacuate staff and others present at the facility in the event that the supercell should turn right, placing areas surrounding the Norman campus in the tornado's path (under NOAA protocol in situations posing a danger to personnel at local Weather Forecast Offices and related guidance centers, responsibility over the issuance of warnings and statements on the unfolding outbreak would have been transferred to the nearest NWS Forecast Office, based in Tulsa, while the SPC's forecasting responsibilities would be turned over to the 557th Weather Wing at Offutt Air Force Base). The supercell, however, continued on a northeastward track, sparing the Norman area.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
Safety precautions were also enacted elsewhere in and near the storm's path; council members and citizens at Moore City Hall − where a council meeting was scheduled to be held that evening − sheltered in place in the building's first-floor restrooms, away from the multiple large-pane windows at its facade.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
In downtown Oklahoma City, spectators attending sporting events held that evening involving two of the city's minor league teams – a regular season Pacific Coast League baseball game between the Oklahoma RedHawks and the Memphis Redbirds (which was suspended during the second inning) and Game 2 of the Ray Miron President's Cup series between the Central Hockey League's Oklahoma City Blazers and Huntsville Channel Cats – were also evacuated to shelter in an underground storage area connected to the Southwestern Bell Bricktown Ballpark and Myriad Convention Center amid concerns that the storm would jog northward and place Oklahoma City itself in the tornado's path.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
Flights were grounded at Will Rogers World Airport as the northern edge of the supercell (containing hail up to 1.25 inches (3.2 cm), straight-line wind gusts up to 70 mph (110 km/h), and moderate to heavy rain) approached the area; the tornado turned right, away from southwestern parts of the city proper located within Oklahoma County, shortly before airport officials began evacuating employees and visitors at the terminals. Traffic on Interstate 35 in south Oklahoma City and north Moore became backed up for several miles, as drivers evacuated from their vehicles to seek shelter under an overpass overlooking South Shields Boulevard.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
Just outside the Eastlake Estates, an honors ceremony was being held at Westmoore High School at the time of the tornado. Adequate warning time allowed those at the school to seek shelter, however, and more than 400 adults and students attending the awards ceremony at the school's auditorium were moved to the main building, sheltering in reinforced hallways and bathrooms. Ultimately, Westmoore High sustained heavy damage and dozens of cars that were in the school's parking lot were tossed around, some of which were completely destroyed or thrown into nearby homes.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
No injuries took place at the school, though a horse was found dead between a couple of destroyed cars in this area. The tornado proceeded through additional densely populated areas of Moore shortly thereafter, where several large groups of homes were flattened in residential areas, with a mixture of high-end F4 and low-end F5 damage noted in the survey. Near Janeway Avenue, four people were killed in an area where multiple homes were completely destroyed. A woman, who took shelter with her husband and two children, was also killed when she was blown out from under the Shields overpass on Interstate 35. The tornado weakened somewhat as it moved through the Highland Park neighborhood of Moore, but still caused widespread F3 and F4 damage.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
The tornado entered Oklahoma County and struck the southeast fringes of Oklahoma City, where it re-intensified to high-end F4 strength; two people were killed in this area as a building housing a trucking company was completely destroyed. Shortly before it tracked into the county, patrons and employees at Crossroads Mall were evacuated to storage areas in the basement of the building. Numerous industrial buildings were leveled in this area of the city. A freight railroad car, weighing 36,000 lb (16,000 kg) was thrown 0.75 mi (1.21 km).


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
The car bounced as it traveled, remaining airborne for 50 to 100 yd (46 to 91 m) at a time. Multiple homes were also completely destroyed in southeast Oklahoma City, and one woman was killed in that area. Crossing Southeast 44th Street into Del City, the tornado moved through the highly populated Del Aire housing addition, killing six people and damaging or destroying hundreds of homes, with many sustaining F3 to F4 damage. Seven people were killed as a direct result of the tornado in Del City, and hundreds of homes were damaged or destroyed.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
The tornado then crossed Sooner Road, and subsequently damaged an entry gate and several buildings at Tinker Air Force Base; it then crossed 29th Street into Midwest City, destroying one building at the Boeing Complex and damaging two others. Widespread F3/F4 damage continued as the tornado moved across Interstate 40, affecting a large business district. Approximately 800 vehicles at Hudiburg Auto Group were damaged, located just south of Interstate 40.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
Hundreds of vehicles at the dealership were moved from their original location on the lot, and dozens of vehicles (including 30 awaiting tune-ups or repairs at Morris' Auto Machine and Supply, and an unoccupied Mid-Del School District bus) were picked up and tossed northward across the interstate into several motels, being carried a distance of approximately two-tenths of a mile. Numerous motels and other businesses, including Hampton Inn, Comfort Inn, Inn Suites, Clarion Inn, Cracker Barrel, and portions of Rose State College, were destroyed. While some of the damage through this area was rated high-end F4, low-end F5 was considered.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Storm development and track
The tornado then continued into another residential area located between Southeast 15th and Reno Avenue, where three fatalities occurred. Damage consistent with high-end F4 wind speeds was inflicted to four homes in this area. Two of these homes were located between Southeast 11th and 12th Streets, near Buena Vista, and the other two homes were located on Will Rogers Road, just south of Southeast 15th. Damage then diminished rapidly to F0/F1 strength as the tornado crossed Reno Avenue, before dissipating three blocks north of Reno, between Sooner Road and Air Depot Boulevard (south of the Midwest City–Oklahoma City line). Throughout Oklahoma County, twelve people were killed and 234 others were injured while losses amounted to $450 million.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Impact and casualties
Thirty-six people were killed as a direct result of the storm and five more died of indirect causes in the hours following it; most of the indirect deaths were due to heart attacks or injuries suffered while trying to seek shelter. One survivor was uninjured but died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in an apparent reaction to losing his home in the tornado. According to the Oklahoma Department of Health, an estimated 583 people were injured by the tornado, accounting for those who did not go to the hospital or were unaccounted for.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Impact and casualties
A total of 8,132 homes, 1,041 apartments, 260 businesses, eleven public buildings, and seven churches were damaged or destroyed. Estimated damage costs totaled $1.2 billion, making it the first recorded tornado to exceed $1 billion in total estimated damages. The Bridge Creek−Moore tornado produced an estimated 220 cubic yards (170 m3) of debris from the buildings that were destroyed.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Impact and casualties
This was the deadliest tornado recorded in Oklahoma since a long-track F5 tornado killed 107 people in Woodward on April 9, 1947. It was also the deadliest tornado ever recorded in the Oklahoma City metropolitan area; the previous record was held by an F4 tornado that affected southwestern portions of the city on June 12, 1942, which killed 31 people and caused $500,000 in damage ($11.6 million in (2021 USD) when adjusted for inflation).


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Impact and casualties
It was the costliest tornado in U.S. history until it was surpassed by an EF4 tornado that hit Tuscaloosa and northern portions of Birmingham, Alabama, on April 27, 2011, causing an estimated $2.45 billion in damage (as of 2015, the Bridge Creek–Moore tornado is the fourth-costliest tornado, having also been surpassed by the EF5 tornadoes that hit Joplin on May 22, 2011, and areas of Moore near the 1999 storm track on May 20, 2013). In addition, this was the 50th and final tornado in the United States to be rated F5 on the original Fujita-Scale before the current Enhanced Fujita-Scale was implemented on February 1st, 2007.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Impact and casualties
NWS researchers estimated that the death toll from the storm would likely have exceeded 600 had it not been for the advanced warning through local television and radio stations and proper safety precautions being exercised by area residents.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Impact and casualties
Because Oklahoma has historically been climatologically prone to tornadic activity, Oklahoma City-area television stations KFOR-TV (channel 4), KOCO-TV (channel 5) and KWTV (channel 9) – each of which provided continuous coverage of the outbreak that spawned the Bridge Creek–Moore tornado and its ensuing aftermath from the event's start on the afternoon of May 3 through the evening of May 4 – have long relied on state-of-the-art radar technology and visual confirmation from news helicopters and in-house storm chasing fleets to cover severe weather events. The three network-affiliated stations, other local media outlets and the NWS also routinely conduct various tornado preparedness symposiums to ensure residents undertake precautions in the event a tornado or other severe weather affects their area.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
Following the destructive and widespread tornado outbreak, President Bill Clinton signed a major disaster declaration for eleven Oklahoma counties (including the four that were affected by the Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Cleveland, McClain, Grady and Oklahoma) on May 4. In a press statement by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), then-director James Lee Witt stated that, "The President is deeply concerned about the tragic loss of life and destruction caused by these devastating storms." The American Red Cross opened ten shelters overnight across central Oklahoma, housing 1,600 people immediately following the disaster. By May 5, this number had lowered to 500.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
Throughout May 5, several post-disaster teams from FEMA were deployed to the region, including emergency response and preliminary damage assessment units. The U.S. Department of Defense deployed the 249th Engineering Battalion and placed the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers on standby for assistance. Medical and mortuary teams were also sent by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. By May 6, donation centers and phone banks were being established to create funds for victims of the tornadoes.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
Continuing search and rescue efforts for thirteen people who were listed as missing through May 7 were assisted by urban search and rescue dogs from across the country. Nearly 1,000 members of the Oklahoma National Guard were deployed throughout the affected region. The American Red Cross had set up ten mobile feeding stations by this time and stated that 30 more were en route. On May 8, a disaster recovery center was opened in Moore for individuals recovering from the tornadoes.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
According to the Army Corps of Engineers, roughly 500,000 cubic yards (382,277 cubic meters) of debris was left behind and would likely take weeks to clear. Within the first few days of the disaster declaration, relief funds began being sent to families who requested aid. By May 9, roughly $180,000 had been approved by FEMA for disaster housing assistance.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
Debris removal finally began on May 12 as seven cleanup teams were sent to the region, more were expected to join over the following days. That day, FEMA also declared that seven counties − Canadian, Craig, Grady, Lincoln, Logan, Noble and Oklahoma − were eligible for federal financial assistance. By May 13, roughly $1.6 million in disaster funds had been approved for housing and businesses loans. This quickly rose to more than $5.9 million over the following five days.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
By May 21, more than 3,000 volunteers from across the country traveled to Oklahoma to help residents recover; 1,000 of these volunteers were sent to Bridge Creek to clean up debris, cut trees, sort donations and cook meals. With a $452,199 grant from FEMA, a 60-day outreach program for victims suffering tornado-related stress was set up to help them cope with trauma.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
Applications for federal aid continued through June, with state approvals reaching $54 million on June 3. By this date, the Army Corps of Engineers reported that 964,170 cubic yards (737,160 cubic meters), roughly 58%, of the 1.65 million cubic yards (1.26 million cubic meters) of debris had been removed. Assistance for farmers and ranchers who suffered severe losses from the tornadoes was also available by June 3. After more than a month of being open, emergency shelters were set to be closed on June 18.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
On June 21, an educational road show made by FEMA visited the hardest hit areas in Oklahoma to urge residents to build storm cellars. According to FEMA, more than 9,500 residents applied for federal aid during the allocated period in the wake of the tornadoes. Most of the applicants lived in Oklahoma and Cleveland counties, 3,800 and 3,757 persons respectively. In all, disaster recovery aid for the tornadoes amounted to roughly $67.8 million by the end of July 2.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
Over the following four years, a $12 million project to construct storm shelters for residents across the Oklahoma City metropolitan area was enacted. The goal was to create a safer community in a tornado-prone region. By May 2003, a total of 6,016 safe rooms were constructed. On May 9, 2003, the new initiative was put to the test as a tornado outbreak in the region spawned an F4 tornado, which took a path similar to that of the Bridge Creek–Moore tornado.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath
Due to the higher standards for public safety, no one was killed by the 2003 tornado, a substantial improvement in just four years. On May 20, 2013, an EF5 tornado impacted some of the same areas affected by the 1999 storm, tracking through the heart of Moore. Throughout the city, 24 people were killed (along with one additional person who died as an indirect result of the tornado) and more than 230 were injured.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Highway overpass misconception
From a meteorological and safety standpoint, the tornado also brought into question the use of highway overpasses as shelters. Prior to the events on May 3, 1999, videos of people taking shelter in overpasses during tornadoes in the past – most notably one filmed near Wichita, Kansas, during the April 26, 1991 tornado outbreak involving a television news crew from Wichita NBC affiliate KSNW (channel 3), who decided to shelter under an overpass on the Kansas Turnpike alongside other bystanders who found themselves in the path of the tornado – gave the public misunderstanding that overpasses provided shelter from tornadoes.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Highway overpass misconception
For nearly twenty years, meteorologists had questioned the safety of these structures; however, they lacked incidents involving loss of life. In the aforementioned 1991 footage, the subjects were able to safely ride out the tornado due to an unlikely combination of events: the storm in question was a weak tornado, the tornado did not directly strike the overpass, and the overpass itself was of a unique design.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Highway overpass misconception
Indeed, the May 1999 tornado outbreak proved concerns that highway overpasses were dangerous places to seek shelter during a tornado, as three overpasses were directly struck by tornadoes, with a fatality taking place at each one. Two of these were from the F5 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado while the third was from a comparatively less intense F2, which struck a rural area in Payne County, north-northeast of Oklahoma City; many other serious to life-threatening injuries also occurred at these locations.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Highway overpass misconception
The casualties at the three overpasses are attributed to the Venturi effect, as tornadic winds were accelerated in the confined space of each of the overpasses that the tornadoes passed through, increasing the chances that those riding out the tornado would be blown out at high speeds even if they tried to anchor themselves to the girders. According to a study by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), seeking shelter in an overpass "is to become a stationary target for flying debris."


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Engineering flaws
Preliminary damage surveys conducted by a group of structural engineers from Texas Tech University determined that many of the frame homes that were destroyed by the Bridge Creek−Moore tornado were constructed below minimal residential building code standards, discovering some structural deficiencies that violated codes, which were considered to be inadequate for regions prone to tornadic activity (under federal building code standards, frame homes that were properly strapped and bolted would have withstood winds between 152 and 157 miles per hour (245 and 253 km/h), equivalent to an F2 tornado).


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Engineering flaws
The team, led by meteorological researcher Charles Doswell and storm damage engineer/meteorologist Tim Marshall, determined that nails attached to a plywood roof deck in one damaged home were not properly anchored to the rafters; several homes in rural areas that were swept nearly 300 feet (91 m) from their original location did not have anchor bolts that secured the frame to their foundations, as was the case at Country Place Estates, where the homes − which left a trail of debris strewn 3,000 feet (910 m) away from their location − were attached to the concrete foundations by tapered cut nails that extended only a half-inch to the bases; many homes that were left at least partially standing also had their garage doors (mainly those made from aluminum material) collapse inward, allowing the tornado's destructive winds to enter the houses.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Engineering flaws
Marshall discovered other building and vehicle remains that became debris missiles, including a twisted 36-inch (0.91 m) steel beam, a steel leg broken off of a lawn chair that was impaled into a 5-by-5-inch (13 cm × 13 cm) post by the violent winds and a six-foot (180 cm) section of a sewer pipe that was blown into the interior hallway of one house through the front door.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Engineering flaws
The team's findings also revealed that several homes were obliterated before they experienced the full impact of the vortex's peak wind velocities, with some disintegrating as the external winds surrounding the parent tornado reached speeds of F2 intensity. Three months later, as homes were being built in the damage path, Marshall found their construction to be scarcely superior to that of the homes destroyed in the May 3 storm.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Engineering flaws
The FEMA corroborated with Doswell and Marshall's findings in its Building Performance Assessment Team Report on the May 3 outbreak, noting that much of the structural damage resulted from strong winds generated by the tornado and associated windborne debris that often "produced forces on buildings not designed to withstand such forces" and in some cases, were due to improper construction techniques and "poor selection" of materials used in their construction.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, Aftermath, Engineering flaws
The report acknowledged that federal construction code requirements needed to be revised above the then-current minimum standards to allow newer buildings to better withstand higher wind speeds consistent with tornadoes of lesser intensity than the one that devastated Bridge Creek and Moore, thereby lessening the degree of damage, fatalities and injuries that are probable in buildings of typically less reinforced construction.


1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado, In popular culture
The events and survivor accounts of the tornado were profiled in an episode of Discovery Channel's Critical Rescue (produced by New Dominion Pictures), aired in 2003 and NHNZ's Ultimate Disaster (Mega Disaster) on National Geographic Channel in 2006.


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election
Elections to Brighton and Hove Borough Council on the south coast of England were held on 6 May 1999.


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Rottingdean
(7927)3vote shareHunt B. * Con 2,232 60.2Hyde L. Ms. Con 2,129 -Smith D. Con 2,090 -Bunting M. Lab 697 18.8Moriarty J. Lab 670 -Avis A. Lab 611 -Hampton M. Ms. LD 535 14.4De Souza J. Ms. LD 369 -Desouza H. LD 360 -Kelley V. Ms. Green 245 6.6Gilson A. Ms. Green 177 -Tart N. Green 137 -Turnout 46.2 41.4


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Seven Dials
(7946)3vote shareGwyn-Jones L. Ms.* Lab 1,222 47.0Hermititge A. Ms. Lab 1,145 -Middleton M.* Lab 1,103 -Berrington J. Green 619 23.8Holmes B. Ms. Green 440 -Gowans J. Con 435 16.7Bowes P. Con 428 -Larkin R. Ms. Con 402 -Huggins B. LD 324 12.5Needham I. Green 312 -Turnout 29.8 23.2


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, St. Peters
(7926)3vote shareWest P.* Green 1,715 49.3Child R. Green 1,498 -Taylor K. Green 1,488 -Newman D. Ms. Lab 1,302 37.4Prentice S. Ms. Lab 1,258 -Spillman H. Lab 1,250 -Cripps R. Con 271 7.8Maclean E. Ms. Con 262 -Maclean I. Con 237 -Parker W. LD 190 5.5Turnout 42.3 11.9


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Stanford
(6708)3vote shareBrown V. Ms. Con 1,680 62.5Bennet D. Con 1,626 -Rowe B. * Con 1,161 -Jackson D. Lab 782 29.1Walshe A. Lab 724 -Jenkins R. Lab 687 -Richardson G. Green 225 8.4La Masurier J. Ms. Green 225 -Stone P. Green 91 -Turnout 39.0 33.4


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Stanmer
(7971)3vote shareFramoze T.* Lab 1,372 46.2Hawkes P. Ms.* Lab 1,328 -Beishon G. Ms. Lab 1,270 -Careless D. Con 1,099 37.0Macabe R. Con 1,029 -Pidgeon B. Con 1,018 -Clayden L. Ms. Green 260 8.8Rimmington J. Ms. LD 238 8.0Lench K. Green 157 -Tofts P. Green 117 -Turnout 36.7 9.2


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Tenantry
(7809)3vote shareBaassam S.* Lab 1,423 56.0Ballance J. * Lab 1,326 -Durr A. * Lab 1,260 -Dando B. Con 441 17.4Chapman K. Ms. Green 436 17.2Middleton I. Con 423 -Read D. Con 397 -Mulligan P. Green 323 -Rawlinson H. Ms. Green 254 -Weller P. LD 239 9.4Turnout 31.7 38.7


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Vallance
(7454)3vote shareBattle S.* Lab 1,066 38.2Walshe B. Ms.* Lab 1,018 -WarmanBrownF. Ms.* Lab 966 -Milward A. Con 889 31.8Frankland J. Con 889 -Young J. Ms. Con 858 -Denyer P. LD 396 14.2Abrahams M. Green 329 11.8Mueller M. Green 199 -Porter J. Ms. Green 171 -Biggs D. Ind 114 4.1Turnout 32.1 6.3


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Westbourne
(7277)3vote shareOxley B. * Con 1,305 43.7Cobb D. Ms. Con 1,270 -Kemble E. Con 1,242 -Vizor V. Lab 1,091 36.5Fisher M. Lab 1,043 -Newington J. Lab 1,002 -Lake J. Ms. LD 299 10.0Baker N. Green 292 9.8Da Costa J. Ms. Green 201 -Powell V. Green 136 -Turnout 38.8 7.2


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Westdene
(7675)3vote shareDrake J. * Con 1,845 52.3Drake P. Ms.* Con 1,821 -Norman A. Ms.* Con 1,775 -Kidd S. Ms. Lab 972 27.5Martin K. Lab 842 -Patterson J. Lab 811 -Huckle E. Green 377 10.7Lovatt J. LD 336 9.5McBeth D. LD 310 -Poole P. Green 206 -Sorrell S. Green 178 -Turnout 45.2 24.7


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Wish
(6792)3vote shareJames H. Ms.* Lab 1,393 42.2Peltz-Dunn G. Con 1,366 41.4Murphy P.* Lab 1,356 -Conway S. Ms. Con 1,347 -Balchin R. Con 1,340 -Pratt A. * Lab 1,299 -Dickens S. Ms. Green 281 8.5Murray B. Ms. LD 260 7.9Henton J. Ms. Green 171 -Rowe K. Ms. Green 138 -Turnout 46.7 0.8


1999 Brighton and Hove Borough Council election, Ward breakdown, Woodingdean
(7464)3vote shareWells G.* Con 2,045 48.6Stiles P. Ms.* Con 1,900 -Simson D. Ms. Con 1,857 -Moorhouse J. Ms.* Lab 1,670 39.7Blackwood R. Lab 1,431 -Barraclough L. Lab 1,381 -Edwards P. LD 267 6.3Cummings J. Green 223 5.3Field S. Green 155 -Humphries E. Ms. Green 127 -Turnout 54.3 8.9


1999 Brisbane Broncos season
The 1999 Brisbane Broncos season was the twelfth in the club's history. Coached by Wayne Bennett and captained by Allan Langer then Kevin Walters, they competed in the NRL's 1999 premiership, finishing the regular season 8th (out of 17) and reaching the finals but losing their first play-off match.


1999 Brisbane Broncos season, Season summary
1999 saw the departure of one of Brisbane's favourite sons, Allan "Alfie" Langer, after the Broncos had a shocking start to the season, losing 8 of the first 10 matches. The captaincy was passed onto Langer's partner in the halves, Kevin Walters part way through the season.


1999 Brisbane Broncos season, Season summary
Under Walters' captaincy the club made a remarkable turnaround mid-season, winning 11 consecutive games to qualify for the finals in eighth position. However they were then easily disposed of 42-20 by the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in week one of the finals series at Toyota Park.


1999 Brisbane Lions season
The Brisbane Lions' 1999 season was its third in the Australian Football League (AFL).


1999 Bristol City Council election
The 1999 Bristol City Council election took place on 6 May 1999, on the same day as other local elections. All seats were up for election due to boundary changes, with each ward electing 2 councillors. The total number of seats on the council increased by 2 due to the creation of a new ward: Clifton East.


1999 Bristol City Council election
Despite losing seats to both the Liberal Democrats and the Conservatives, the Labour Party maintained control of the council with a slim overall majority.


1999 Brit Awards
The 1999 Brit Awards were the 19th edition of the biggest annual pop music awards in the United Kingdom. They are run by the British Phonographic Industry and took place on 16 February 1999 at the London Arena in London.


1999 Brit Awards, Notable moments, Belle & Sebastian (1999)
In 1999, indie band Belle & Sebastian were nominated for Best British Newcomers, despite having released three albums before the 1999 Awards. The award was sponsored by Radio One and voted for online by their listeners. At the time, Steps were arguably Britain's biggest boy/girl pop band and were also nominated. Despite this, the award was won by Belle & Sebastian. On the Saturday after the awards, a story appeared in the press alleging that the group had rigged the vote in their favour, encouraging students from two universities to vote online. However, fans argued that the band had a predominantly large student following, that band member Isobel Campbell had attended one of the universities in question, and in particular, the award ought to be given on artistic merit as opposed to popularity or CD sales.


1999 British Academy Television Awards
The 1999 British Academy Television Awards were held on 9 May at the Grosvenor House Hotel in Park Lane, London. It was hosted solely by Michael Parkinson, who was due to share hosting duties with Jill Dando until her murder two weeks earlier.


1999 British Academy Television Awards, Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface; the nominees are listed below.


1999 British Formula Three Championship
The 1999 British Formula Three season was the 49th British Formula Three Championship season. It commenced on 21 March, and ended on 17 October after sixteen races. Marc Hynes was the champion, although the season is best remembered for 19-year-old future F1 champion Jenson Button marking himself out as one to watch. Martin O'Connell took the spoils in Class B.


1999 British Formula Three Championship, Drivers and teams
The following teams and drivers were competitors in the 1999 season. Class B is for older Formula Three cars.


1999 British GT Championship
The 1999 Privilege Insurance British GT Championship was the seventh season of the British GT Championship, an auto racing series organised by the British Racing Drivers Club (BRDC) and sponsored by Privilege. The races featured grand touring cars conforming to two categories of regulations known as GT1 and GT2, and awarded a driver championship in each category. This was the final season that the GT1 class competed in the series. The season began on 28 March 1999 and ended on 10 October 1999 after eleven events, all held in Great Britain with one race in Belgium. The series was joined by the BRDC Marcos Mantis Challenge Cup for several events.


1999 British GT Championship
Jamie Campbell-Walter and Julian Bailey won the GT1 championship for Lister Storm Racing, while David Warnock won the GT2 category for Cirtek Motorsport.


1999 British Grand Prix
The 1999 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 11 July 1999 at the Silverstone Circuit near Silverstone, England. It was the eighth race of the 1999 Formula One season. The 60-lap race was won by McLaren driver David Coulthard after he started from third position. Eddie Irvine finished second for the Ferrari team and Williams driver Ralf Schumacher came in third.


1999 British Grand Prix
Jacques Villeneuve and Alessandro Zanardi both stalled on the grid causing a race restart.


1999 British Grand Prix
While the red flags were out, Michael Schumacher crashed at Stowe corner due to brake failure, breaking his leg. This would keep him out of Formula One until the Malaysian Grand Prix, ending his championship hopes.


1999 British Grand Prix
Following a difficult season Damon Hill performed well to finish 5th in his home race and seemed happy enough to carry on for the rest of the season. He had also briefly led the race for a lap, which was the last time he would lead a Grand Prix.


1999 British Grand Prix
This was Toranosuke Takagi's final classified Formula One race finish. He failed to finish each of his subsequent eight races.


1999 British Grand Prix
This was McLaren team's first British Grand Prix victory since 1989.


1999 British National Party leadership election
The British National Party (BNP) leadership election of 1999 occurred on 28 September, and was intended to select a new leader for the BNP. It was triggered when Nick Griffin stood against John Tyndall for leadership of the party, after Tyndall had served for 17 years as leader of the party. Griffin won the election with 72.5% of the vote. The election returned a new leader of the BNP, and marked a shift in the party towards a more modern organisation, and with the intent of gaining broader appeal and legitimacy.


1999 British National Party leadership election, Results
The election saw roughly 80% turnout from members eligible to vote.


1999 British National Party leadership election, History
In October 1999 Nick Griffin, supported by Tony Lecomber, stood against Tyndall for leadership of the BNP. John Tyndall received just 411 votes (27.5% of the total), while Griffin received 1,082 (72.5%). After Griffin won, he began modernising the party's image, though the crucial policy change from compulsory to voluntary repatriation which had already been suggested under Tyndall's leadership. A new monthly newspaper, The Voice of Freedom, was initiated, as well as a journal, Identity.


1999 British National Party leadership election, History
In his 1999 leadership campaign Griffin embarked on a strategy to make the party electable by taking it away from Tyndall's extremist image. He was helped by Tyndall's lack of familiarity with the mainstream media, and in the party's September election he defeated Tyndall to become head of the BNP.


1999 British National Track Championships
The 1999 British National Track Championships were a series of track cycling competitions held from 23–31 July 1999 at the Manchester Velodrome. The Championships were organised by the British Cycling Federation.


1999 British Open (1998/1999)
The 1999 British Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament, that was held from 4–11 April 1999 at the Plymouth Pavilions, Plymouth, England.


1999 British Open (1998/1999)
Fergal O'Brien won the tournament by defeating Anthony Hamilton nine frames to seven in the final. The defending champion, John Higgins, was defeated by O'Brien in the semi-final.


1999 British Open (1998/1999)
Jason Prince recorded a maximum break during qualifying for the tournament against Ian Brumby.


1999 British Open (1999/2000)
The 1999 British Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament, that was held from 8–19 September 1999 at the Plymouth Pavilions, Plymouth, England.


1999 British Open (1999/2000)
Stephen Hendry won the tournament by defeating Peter Ebdon nine frames to five in the final, during which Hendry made a maximum break in the seventh frame. The defending champion, Fergal O'Brien, was defeated by Joe Swail in the last 16.


1999 British Rally Championship
The 1999 British Rally Championship was a rallying championship season for rally cars conforming to F2 andGroup N Regulations, with only the F2 teams and drivers eligible to win the overall title. The championship was wonby Finland's Tapio Laukkanen ahead of former champion Gwyndaf Evans and 1998 Champion Martin Rowe. The Manufacturers title was won by Renault.


1999 British Rally Championship
Alister McRae left Volkswagen to join Hyundai in the World Rally Championship


1999 British Rally Championship
McRae was replaced by Mark Higgins after Nissan's withdrawal from Rallying


1999 British Rowing Championships
The 1999 British Rowing Championships known as the National Championships at the time, were the 28th edition of the National Championships, held from 16–18 July 1999 at the National Water Sports Centre in Holme Pierrepont, Nottingham. They were organised and sanctioned by British Rowing, and are open to British crews. A record 748 crews and 2,159 competitors took part in the Championships.


1999 British Speedway Championship
The 1999 British Speedway Championship was the 39th edition of the British Speedway Championship. The Final took place on 23 May at Brandon in Coventry, England. The Championship was won by Mark Loram, with Joe Screen in second place and Chris Louis winning a run-off with Scott Nicholls for third.


1999 British Touring Car Championship
The 1999 British Touring Car Championship featured 26 races across 13 rounds. It began on 5 April at Donington Park and concluded on 19 September at Silverstone. The driver's title was won by Laurent Aïello in his debut season driving for the Nissan works team, with his teammate David Leslie in second place. Reigning champion Rickard Rydell finished in third place.


1999 British Touring Car Championship
One of the surprises of the season was the performance of independent driver Matt Neal. Driving for his father's Team Dynamics in a 1998 Nissan Primera, Neal became the first independent driver to win a championship race in the feature race of the first Donington round; series organisers TOCA had put up a reward for £250,000 for this achievement.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
Six manufacturer backed teams contested the 1999 championship, Audi and Peugeot having withdrawn at the end 1998. Seven independent drivers appeared on the initial entry list however neither the Atford Ford Mondeo of Gareth Howell or the TRM Motorsport BMW 320i of Collin Gallie made an appearance.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
Just a single tyre manufacturer was represented (Michelin) and all competitors used the same tyre, most notably including independent runners.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
Night racing was introduced to the BTCC for the first time for the rounds at Snetterton in July. The pit lane and main spectator areas were floodlit, whilst other parts of the circuit were in total darkness. To aid the drivers eyesight for the sharp changes from light to dark, the cockpits had a soft red light glowing inside.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
Tom Walkinshaw Racing again ran Volvo's effort, defending champion Rickard Rydell came into the 1999 season with a new team-mate in Belgian Vincent Radermecker who had previously raced in the Belgian Procar series and replaced Italian Gianni Morbidelli.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
1998 manufacturer champions Nissan once again entered two Primeras engineered by RML. David Leslie remained with the team for a third season and was joined by Frenchman Laurent Aiello, a former STW and French champion who took the seat vacated by Anthony Reid.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
After a successful year in 1998 with Prodrive, Honda's effort was now to be run by WSR in a straight swap with Ford. James Thompson went into the season as title favourite and topped pre-season testing and he was joined by Peter Kox for the second year in a row. The team entered a third car for 1994 champion and STW Honda works driver Gabriele Tarquini at the Knockhill and Brands Hatch rounds.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
The Williams campaign, running a pair of Renault Lagunas, was headed by Jason Plato who was promoted to lead driver following the departure of Alain Menu to Ford. He was joined by Jean-Christophe Boullion, a former Williams F1 test driver, Sauber F1 race driver and 1994 Formula 3000 champion. Boullion had missed out securing the Renault drive to Plato in 1997.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
The Triple Eight Racing Vauxhall Vectras were driven by 1995 champion John Cleland, his 11th season driving for the manufacturer and he was joined by Yvan Muller following Audi's withdrawal. He replaced Derek Warwick who retired from full-time racing to focus on running the team.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
Completing the factory team line-up was Ford, now run by Prodrive who had what many regarded as the strongest driver line up in the pit lane, with ’97 champion Alain Menu partnering ’98 runner-up Anthony Reid. They replaced the 1998 lineup of Will Hoy, Craig Baird and Nigel Mansell.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
The Independents field was spearheaded by title favourite Matt Neal, whom had shown throughout 1998 his ability to mix it with the manufacturer backed teams. Neal’s Dynamics team would again have a year old ex STW Primera at their disposal, a car that Neal had shared with Steven Richards at Bathurst in 1998.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
1998 Vectra Challenge winner Mark Blair, entered a 1996 Vauxhall Vectra which had been a prize for winning the support series and had been driven by Mark Lemmer in 1998. The car was updated with the 1999 aero kit but was unable to use the latest specification engines.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
Lee Brookes returned to the series driving a 1998 Honda Accord. Brookes missed four races after injuring his arm and then withdrew from the series after the second visit to Thruxton stating that nothing they did to the car made it competitive.


1999 British Touring Car Championship, Team and Driver Changes
Paula Cook also drove a 1998 Honda Accord that she had previously driven in the final two rounds of 1998 and run by D.C Cook Motorsport. The team withdrew after the Snetterton rounds citing lack of budget.