1998 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1998 Clemson Tigers football team represented Clemson University during the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. Head coach Tommy West was fired shortly after the conclusion of the season.


1998 Cleveland Indians season
The 1998 Cleveland Indians season was the franchise's 98th season. The Indians hoped to improve upon their American League pennant-winning season of 1997, but succumbed to the New York Yankees in the ALCS in six games. The Indians would lead the AL Central wire-to-wire in 1998, becoming the first team in franchise history (and as of 2020, the only team in franchise history) to do so.


1998 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; R = Runs; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; Avg. = Batting average; Slg. = Slugging average; SB = Stolen bases


1998 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1998 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1998 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1998 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1998 Cleveland Rockers season
The 1998 WNBA season was the 2nd for the Cleveland Rockers. The Rockers topped the Eastern Conference, but they were unable to reach the WNBA Finals, losing in the WNBA semifinals to the Phoenix Mercury.


1998 Clásica de Almería
The 1998 Clásica de Almería was the 13th edition of the Clásica de Almería cycle race and was held on 1 March 1998. The race started in Puebla de Vícar and finished in Vera. The race was won by Mario Traversoni.


1998 Clásica de San Sebastián
The 1998 Clásica de San Sebastián was the 18th edition of the Clásica de San Sebastián cycle race and was held on 8 August 1998. The race started and finished in San Sebastián. The race was won by Francesco Casagrande of the Cofidis team.


1998 Clásico RCN
The 38th edition of the annual Clásico RCN, a bicycle stage race, was held from August 14 to August 23, 1998, in Colombia. The race with an UCI rate of 2.4 started in Barrancabermeja and finished in Bogotá with an individual time trial. RCN stands for "Radio Cadena Nacional" – one of the oldest and largest radio networks in the nation. There were a total of 95 competitors from 13 teams, with 81 cyclists actually finishing the stage race.


1998 Coca-Cola 600
The 1998 Coca-Cola 600, the 39th running of the event, was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race held on May 24, 1998 at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Charlotte, North Carolina. Contested at 400 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.4 km) speedway, it was the 11th race of the 1998 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season. Jeff Gordon of Hendrick Motorsports won the race.


1998 Coca-Cola 600
Elliott Sadler made his NASCAR Winston Cup Series debut in this event.


1998 Coca-Cola 600
Jeff Gordon managed to take over the championship lead from Jeremy Mayfield after the event was resolved.


1998 Coca-Cola 600, Background
Charlotte Motor Speedway is a motorsports complex located in Concord, North Carolina, United States. It is 13 miles away from Charlotte, North Carolina. The complex features a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) quad oval track that hosts NASCAR racing such as the prestigious Coca-Cola 600 on Memorial Day weekend, The Winston, and the UAW-GM Quality 500. The speedway was built in 1959 by Bruton Smith and is considered the home track for NASCAR with many race teams located in the Charlotte area. The track is owned and operated by Speedway Motorsports Inc. (SMI).


1998 Coca-Cola Triangular Series
The Coca-Cola Triangular Series was the name of the One Day International cricket tournament in India held in 1998. It was a tri-nation series between Kenya, India and Bangladesh.


1998 Coca-Cola Triangular Series
India and Kenya reached the finals through a round robin league format. India beat Kenya in the Finals to clinch the trophy.


1998 Coca-Cola Triangular Series, Group stage points table
India and Kenya advanced to the Finals on the basis of points.


1998 Coimbatore bombings
The 1998 Coimbatore bombings occurred on Saturday, 14 February 1998, in the city of Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 58 people were killed and over 200 injured in the 12 bomb attacks in 11 places, all within a 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) radius. The explosives used were found to be gelatin sticks activated by timer devices and were concealed in cars, motorcycles, bicycles, sideboxes of two-wheelers, denim and rexin bags, and fruit carts. Several bombs that failed to detonate were defused by bomb disposal squads of the Army, National Security Guards and Tamil Nadu Commando School.


1998 Coimbatore bombings
The bombings were apparently in retaliation to the 1997 Coimbatore riots during November – December the previous year, when Hindu fundamentalists groups killed 18 Muslims and looted several thousands of properties of Muslims following the murder of a traffic policeman named Selvaraj, by a member of the radical Islamist group Al Ummah. The main conspirator was found to be S A Basha, the founder of Al Ummah, an Islamic fundamentalist body. Investigators found out that the blasts were a part of larger conspiracy to target L.K.Advani, the leader of Bharatiya Janata Party on that day at 4 p.m in his election meeting.


1998 Coimbatore bombings
A judicial committee formed on 7 April 2000 under Justice P.R. Gokulakrishnan to probe the case confirmed that Al Ummah was responsible for the attacks. The committee tabled its final report in the Tamil Nadu Assembly on 18 May 2000, whose recommendations were accepted in principle by the state government. The trial of the case began on 7 March 2002 and as many as 1,300 witnesses were examined.


1998 Coimbatore bombings
S. A. Basha, the mastermind of the blasts was found guilty of hatching a criminal conspiracy to trigger a series of explosions there on 14 February 1998 and was convicted to life sentence along with 12 others. During September 2002, Imam Ali and four others, suspected to be involved in the blasts were killed in a police encounter in Bangalore.


1998 Coimbatore bombings
The loss reported by the platform vendors was several crores, but the state government awarded a compensation of ₹4.92 crore (US$690,000) to all the victims. An individual ceiling of ₹1 lakh (US$1,400) was fixed as the maximum for each victim and a total of ₹3.15 crore (US$440,000) was awarded.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Background
The Hindu-Muslim fundamentalist group riots in the city culminate back to the early 1980s when there was a propaganda by Hindu Munnani, a Hindu religious outfit, against the attacks on them. There were minor Muslim groups that emerged during the period and they sustained based on petty crimes. The Hindu owners and landlords pumped lot of funds for their establishments against the Muslim ones. The situation was communalized even at the level of pavement side merchants. The Hindu Munnani urged Hindus not to shop in Muslim-owned business, Muslim businesses felt intimidated. The Hindu Munnani formed associations of Hindu traders.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Background
Reportedly, there were stabbings and counter-stabbings between the youth of Hindu Munnani and Al-Ummah. This communally polarized the city. Some Islamic fundamentalistic movements like Jihad Committee, Al Ummah and Islamic United Front became active in Tamil Nadu following the demolition of the Babri Masjid in 1992. The agency became popular among Muslim circles when they perpetrated a bomb blast in the building of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) in Chennai in August 1993. The change to violent methods split the organisation, with some of the leaders distancing themselves or getting arrested.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Background
The activities of the Hindu Munnani, the Hindu Makkal Katchi, and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) escalated but went unchallenged during the J. Jayalalithaa government. Al-Ummah and the Jihad Committee emerged as fundamentalist responses to this. The Hindutva organisations had been engaged in a concerted effort to spread Hindu nationalism as a political mobilization tactic for a decade. The Hindu Munnani and other Sangh Parivar groups have tried to gain political influence by increasing communal violence on Tamil Nadu's minority communities in Coimbatore and other southern districts. The Hindu Munnani and Al-Umma grew, feeding on each other's mischief. Over the years, a portion of the police force in Coimbatore became communalized.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Background, 1997 Coimbatore riots
Riots in Coimbatore occurred between 29 November 1997 and 1 December 1997 in Coimbatore triggered by a murder of a police constable allegedly by some Muslim youth over a dispute of detention of Al-Ummah functionaries by the police. The policemen revolted in response to the murder of the constable and in concert with the members of the Hindu Munnani and the Hindu Makkal Katchi, attacked Muslims and Muslim-owned properties. Clashes erupted between both the communities and the police reportedly opened fire targeting the Muslims killing ten. At the end of the riots, 18 Muslims and 2 Hindus lost their lives. Many Muslim youth were beaten to death or burnt alive. Muslim-owned businesses in different parts of the city were looted and burnt down. This was considered the culmination point for the serial bomb blasts. Two men, allegedly part of Al Ummah were also killed.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Blast incidents
On 14 February 1998, the first of the serial bombs exploded at 3.50 pm IST in a cycle stand at the Coimbatore Junction railway station, killing six people. There were allegations that suicide bombers were ready to target L.K. Advani, the leader of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), during his election meeting at 4 pm. At 3:55 pm, the second bomb went off in Sundarapuram, SB Towers, killing three people and the third at Shanmuganandham Road, the location of the meeting, killing four. The fourth blast occurred in the basement parking of Rajarajeswari Tower, a commercial complex.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Blast incidents
At 4:05 pm, a car bomb exploded at the entrance of the Coimbatore general hospital, killing two nurses, a patient and a doctor. The blast took place exactly in the place where a Muslim youth was charred to death in an earlier riots. At 4:10 pm, the sixth bomb went off at the Timber Mart and three bombs at the city's Variety Hall. The next blast at Poompugar killed two people. The penulatimate blast took place at 8:30 pm, at Karunanidhi Nagar, and the final one at 10 pm in Bazaar Street. Overall, in a span of six hours, the city witnessed 12 explosions that killed 58 people and injured more than 200 people.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Blast incidents
Investigators found out that the blasts were a part of larger conspiracy to target L.K. Advani at his 4 pm election meeting. One of the bombs went off 800 m (2,600 ft) away from the podium where he was to conduct his election rally. Since the blasts were masterminded by Islamic fundamentalists and planted in areas with a Hindu majority population, most of the victims were Hindus. There were also some Muslim victims, who were killed in the blasts. The blast near the RS Puram police station was the most powerful amongst the bombings and caused 12 casualties.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Blast incidents
The blasts were targeted at disrupting the commercial activities of the town and planted at commercial points. Most of the victims belonged to other part of the city. Most of the victims were youth, who were participants in Advani's rally were killed in the blasts. Hindu fundamentalists attacked people at random and properties belonging to Muslims were ransacked, in the aftermath of the serial blasts.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Blast incidents
The explosives used were found to be gelatin sticks activated by timer devices. They were concealed in cars, motorcycles, bicycles, sideboxes of two-wheelers, denim and rexin bags, and in a cart loaded with pineapples. Several bombs that failed to detonate were defused by bomb disposal squads of the Army, National Security Guards and Tamil Nadu Commando School. An abandoned car laden with 70 kg of explosives, was found on East Lokamanya Street in R.S. Puram, close to the BJP meeting venue, gave cause for much anxiety for days until the complicated device was dismantled.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Aftermath
Tamil Nadu and South India are considered relatively free of communal riots and violence. The riots and the blasts following it were considered the first of its kind. The incident put Tamil Nadu in the terrorist map. The ruling party at that time, the D.M.K came under severe criticism for this incident. Most political leaders and parties expressed shock and revulsion over the blasts. AIADMK general secretary Jayalalitha demanded that then CM Karunanidhi own "moral responsibility" for the blasts and resign.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Aftermath
Following a report from the Union Home Ministry on the security situation in Coimbatore, polling in the Coimbatore Lok Sabha constituency was postponed from 22 to 28 February. The bomb blast also had strong political implications. The Bharatiya Janata Party candidate C.P. Radhakrishnan won by a record margin of over 1,00,000 votes in the 1998 Lok Sabha elections.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Aftermath
For days after the explosions, the city of Coimbatore looked like a town deserted; business establishments, shops and roadside stalls remained closed and few people ventured out. Hotels refused admission to guests. Wild rumours of fresh bomb attacks spread. In middle-class localities, residents formed vigilante groups. Anyone new to a neighbourhood was watched closely. At R.S Puram, where several bombs had gone off, roads in some neighbourhoods were barricaded and "outsiders" were denied parking space for their cars. All this had more than a little to do with the car bomb discovered on East Lokamanya Road in R.S. Puram.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Aftermath
For four days, attention was riveted on it. Residents in the locality moved out even as bomb disposal experts prepared to defuse the explosive. This incident came as a severe blow to the upcoming economy of Coimbatore. Real estate prices dropped temporarily, new investments to the city were temporarily halted. However, normalcy was restored within a few months. Dr. K. Radhakrishnan IPS, then appointed as city police commissioner Coimbatore, restored normalcy to the city. The loss reported by the platform vendors was several crores, but the state government awarded a compensation of ₹4.92 crore (US$690,000) to all the victims. An individual ceiling of ₹1 lakh (US$1,400) was fixed as the maximum for each victim and a total of ₹3.15 crore (US$440,000) was awarded.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Probe and arrests
Within hours of the blasts, the Tamil Nadu Government banned the Muslim fundamentalist group Al Ummah and the Jihad Committee. Al Ummah founder-president S.A. Basha and 12 other members of the organisation were arrested in Chennai; explosive materials and weapons were seized from his house in Triplicane, Chennai. Leaders of the Jihad Committee and the Tamil Nadu Muslim Munnetra Kazhagam (TMMK) were arrested in a State-wide crackdown. Among those arrested were Jihad Committee president R.M. Haniffa, general secretary Mohammed Haniffa, student wing secretary Akram Khan, TMMK president and college lecturer M.H. Jawahirulla and treasurer G.M. Pakkar.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Probe and arrests
Over the next few days, over 100 activists of the three organisations were arrested at Keezhakkarai, Devakottai, Dindigul, Nagapattinam, Thanjavur, Nagercoil, Melapalayam and Udumalpetai. About 1,000 others were detained as a precautionary measure. In Coimbatore district, nine persons were arrested; 528 others – 326 Hindus and 202 Muslims – were detained as a precautionary measure.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Probe and arrests
In Coimbatore, joint combing operations undertaken for days after the blasts by the police, the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), the Rapid Action Force (RAF) and the Swift Action Force (SAF) in Kottaimedu, Tirumal Street, N.H. Road, Vincent Road, Ukkadam, Al-Ameen Colony, Majeed Colony, Salamath Nagar and Saramedu yielded a huge haul of explosives and deadly weapons: 210 gelatin sticks, 540 pipe bombs, 575 petrol bombs, 1,100 electrical detonators and a large number of knives, swords, pickaxes and sickles. Abdul Nasir Madani, chief of Islamist political outfit called PDP, well known for his provoking speeches, was arrested by the police on 31 March 1998, for his alleged link with suspects of this blast.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Justice P.R. Gokulakrishnan Commission of Inquiry
The Tamil Nadu government set up a one-man commission under Justice P.R. Gokulakrishnan to probe the blasts. The commission filed a report that was tabled in the Tamil Nadu Assembly on 27 November 1998. The report indicated that the seven instances of police firing in Coimbatore on 30 November and 1 December 1997, leading to the killing of eighteen Muslims, were justified. The report found out that the blasts were culminated by the killing of police constable Selvaraj on 29 November 1997 by three members of Al-Umma that led to a revolt by police personnel and subsequent police firings on Muslim mobs.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Justice P.R. Gokulakrishnan Commission of Inquiry
The final report of the commission was tabled in the Assembly on 18 May 2000. The report indicted the police by stating "the lapse on the part of the police personnel, deputed for surveillance and checks, in discharging their duties more vigorously, vigilantly and intelligently". It also quoted that "for surveillance and checks, had been more vigilant before the bomb blasts, the tragic incidents... could have been averted". The report stated that several state and central vigilance warnings were discarded by the city police.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Justice P.R. Gokulakrishnan Commission of Inquiry
The report concluded that the Muslim fundamentalist organisation Al Ummah, based in Tamil Nadu, hatched a conspiracy to "avenge" the killings of 18 Muslims during earlier riots. The report quoted that three human bombs named Amanuallah, Melapalayam Amjath Ali and Rafique alias Shanmugam, were targeting L.K. Advani, but could not penetrate the security cardon. The investigations found that the group used the videotapes of the deceased during the riots to mobilise sympathy and garner financial support from Muslim countries, mainly those comprising the Gulf.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Justice P.R. Gokulakrishnan Commission of Inquiry
The report made several recommendations like deploying checkposts in sensitive areas, proscribing organisations acting against law, setting up separate intelligence wing and methods to evaluate feedback of lower level police officers. The government accepted the commission's findings in principle and stated that specific recommendations would be examined in detail by the respective departments before passing orders.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Trial
The trial of the case began on 7 March 2002 and as many as 1,300 witnesses were examined. S. A. Basha, the mastermind of the blasts was found guilty of hatching a criminal conspiracy to trigger a series of explosions there on 14 February 1998 and to create enmity between the two communities. During 2002, as many as 168 people were facing trial and it came to 14 during the period of conviction of trial court in 2007. The arguments ended on 10 April 2007 and judgement was pronounced on 24 October 2007.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Trial
Out of the 14 accused, 13 were found guilty of blasts and were convicted. Madani was the only one out of the 14 to be acquitted. Madani earlier sought bail stating health grounds. Basha, the chief conspirator was awarded life sentence and his aide, Mohammad Ansari was awarded twin life sentence that run concurrently.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Trial
A revision petition was filed by a victim's father in Madras High Court against the acquittal of Madani. Another revision petition was filed in the court by the 39 convicts against their conviction and one another wanted the punishment of S A Basha to be enhanced to death sentence. The court passed orders on all the petitions on 18 December 2009. It upheld the trial court judgement of 18 Al Ummah activists and also the release of Madani. It however, acquitted 21 people convicted to life sentence by the lower court.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Trial
During September 2002, Imam Ali and four others, suspected to be involved in the blasts were killed in a police encounter in Bangalore. Police recovered lot of arms and ammunition from the site where encounter happened. On 17 November 2009, nine members of Al Ummah, convicted in the blasts were released from jail for their good conduct, 16 months short of their full sentence on the occasion of 100th birth anniversary of Arignar Anna, the founder of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) and ex-chief minister.


1998 Coimbatore bombings, Trial
Fakrudeen, one of the nine released early, was 16 at the time of the blast. He stated that the group avenged the earlier communal riots with the blasts. He said after the release that "I deeply regret the blasts. I have realised that we ought to have avenged the riots in court. We should not have retaliated with violence. The law offered many provisions for minorities. We should have used them to get justice".


1998 Colchester Borough Council election
The 1998 Colchester Borough Council election took place on 7 May 1998 to elect members of Colchester Borough Council in Essex, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats lost overall control of the council to no overall control.


1998 Colchester Borough Council election, Election result
The Liberal Democrats lost the majority on the council that they had controlled since 1994.


1998 Colgate Red Raiders football team
The 1998 Colgate Red Raiders football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University during the 1998 NCAA Division I-AA football season. A year after winning the conference championship, Colgate finished second in the Patriot League.


1998 Colgate Red Raiders football team
In its third season under head coach Dick Biddle, the team compiled an 8–4 record. Corey Hill and Luke George were the team captains.


1998 Colgate Red Raiders football team
The Red Raiders outscored opponents 419 to 328. Their 5–1 conference record placed second in the seven-team Patriot League standings.


1998 Colgate Red Raiders football team
Though Colgate failed to repeat as Patriot League champion, the Red Raiders did qualify for the Division I-AA playoffs for the second year in a row. Colgate lost in the first round of the national tournament, to No. 2 Georgia Southern. Unranked throughout the regular season, Colgate was No. 21 in the final national poll.


1998 Colgate Red Raiders football team
The team played its home games at Andy Kerr Stadium in Hamilton, New York.


1998 College Baseball All-America Team
An All-American team is an honorary sports team composed of the best amateur players of a specific season for each team position—who in turn are given the honorific "All-America" and typically referred to as "All-American athletes", or simply "All-Americans". Although the honorees generally do not compete together as a unit, the term is used in U.S. team sports to refer to players who are selected by members of the national media. Walter Camp selected the first All-America team in the early days of American football in 1889.


1998 College Baseball All-America Team
The NCAA recognizes three different All-America selectors for the 1998 college baseball season: the American Baseball Coaches Association (since 1947), Baseball America (since 1981), and Collegiate Baseball (since 1991).


1998 College Football All-America Team
The 1998 College Football All-America Team is composed of the following All-American Teams: Associated Press, Football Writers Association of America, American Football Coaches Association, Walter Camp Foundation, The Sporting News and Football News.


1998 College Football All-America Team
The College Football All-America Team is an honor given annually to the best American college football players at their respective positions. The original usage of the term All-America seems to have been to such a list selected by football pioneer Walter Camp in the 1890s. The NCAA officially recognizes All-Americans selected by the AP, AFCA, FWAA, TSN, and the WCFF to determine Consensus All-Americans.


1998 Colombian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Colombia on 8 March 1998 to elect the Senate and Chamber of Representatives. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 84 of the 161 seats in the Chamber and 48 of the 102 seats in the Senate.


1998 Colombian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Colombia on 31 May 1998, with a second round on 21 June. Although Horacio Serpa of the Liberal Party received the most votes in the first round, the result was a victory for Andrés Pastrana Arango of the Great Alliance for Change, who received 50.3% of the vote in the run-off.


1998 Colonial Athletic Association Baseball Tournament
The 1998 Colonial Athletic Association Baseball Tournament was held at Grainger Stadium in Kinston, North Carolina from May 12 through May 15. The event determined the champion of the Colonial Athletic Association for the 1998 season. Second-seeded Richmond won the tournament for the third time, and second consecutive year, and earned the CAA's automatic bid to the 1998 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament.


1998 Colonial Athletic Association Baseball Tournament
Entering the event, East Carolina had won the most championships, with five. Old Dominion had won three, while George Mason and Richmond had each won twice.


1998 Colonial Athletic Association Baseball Tournament, Format and seeding
The CAA's teams were seeded one to eight based on winning percentage from the conference's round robin regular season. They played a double-elimination tournament.


1998 Colonial Athletic Association Baseball Tournament, Most Valuable Player
Mike Dwyer was named Tournament Most Valuable Player. Dwyer was a first baseman and pitcher for Richmond.


1998 Colonial Classic – Draw
Michael Chang was the defending champion, but chose not to participate that year due to a stomach muscle strain.


1998 Colonial Classic – Draw
Mark Philippoussis won in the final 6–3, 7–6(3), against Andre Agassi.


1998 Colonial Classic – Draw, Draw, Group One
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5) Steering Committee decision.


1998 Colonial Classic – Draw, Draw, Group Two
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5) Steering Committee decision.


1998 Colorado Buffaloes football team
The 1998 Colorado Buffaloes football team represented the University of Colorado at Boulder during the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team played their home games at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado, and were members of the North Division of the Big 12 Conference. They were led by fourth-year head coach Rick Neuheisel, who departed in early January for Washington of the Pacific-10 Conference. He was succeeded by Gary Barnett, the head coach at Northwestern of the Big Ten Conference.


1998 Colorado Rockies season
The Colorado Rockies' 1998 season was the sixth for the Rockies. They tried to win the National League West. Don Baylor was their manager, although he was fired after the season. They played home games and hosted the 1998 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at Coors Field. They finished with a record of 77-85, fourth in the NL West.


1998 Colorado Rockies season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1998 Colorado Rockies season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1998 Colorado Rockies season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1998 Colorado Rockies season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1998 Colorado Rockies season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1998 Colorado State Rams football team
The 1998 Colorado State Rams football team represented Colorado State University in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was led by sixth-year head coach Sonny Lubick and played its home games at Hughes Stadium. They finished the regular season with an 8–4 record overall and a 5–3 record in the Western Athletic Conference to finish 3rd in the Mountain Division. This was their last season in the WAC before they joined the Mountain West Conference.


1998 Colorado gubernatorial election
The 1998 Colorado gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1998 to select the governor of the state of Colorado. Roy Romer, the Democratic incumbent was term limited and could not run again. The Republican nominee, Colorado Treasurer Bill Owens, narrowly defeated the Democratic nominee, Colorado Lieutenant Governor Gail Schoettler, to flip the seat to the Republicans for the first time in 24 years.


1998 Columbia Lions football team
The 1998 Columbia Lions football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University during the 1998 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Columbia tied for fifth in the Ivy League.


1998 Columbia Lions football team
In their 10th season under head coach Ray Tellier, the Lions compiled a 4–6 record and were outscored 175 to 146. Bert Bondi, Paul Roland, Jeremy Taylor and Chris Tillotson were the team captains.


1998 Columbia Lions football team
The Lions' 3–4 conference record tied for fifth in the Ivy League standings. Columbia was outscored 111 to 87 by Ivy opponents.


1998 Columbia Lions football team
Columbia played its homes games at Lawrence A. Wien Stadium in Upper Manhattan, in New York City.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak
The 1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak was an unseasonably-strong tornado outbreak which affected the Upper Midwest region of the United States on March 29, 1998. A strong area of low pressure combined with a warm front and favorable upper-level dynamics to produce 16 tornadoes across the region—14 in Minnesota and two in Wisconsin. Thirteen of the tornadoes in Minnesota were spawned by a single supercell thunderstorm. This supercell remained intact for approximately 150 miles (240 km) as it moved across the southern part of the state during the late-afternoon hours.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak
Over $235 million in damage (1998 US$) was recorded from the tornadoes, two people were killed, and 21 others were injured. Most of the damage was caused by three tornadoes—one rated F4 on the Fujita scale that hit the town of Comfrey, Minnesota, an F3 that hit St. Peter, Minnesota, and an F2 that hit Le Center, Minnesota. Gustavus Adolphus College in St. Peter was especially hard-hit, with several buildings damaged or destroyed, 2,000 trees lost, and nearly 80% of the windows on the campus shattered. In Comfrey, 75% of the structures in the town were damaged or destroyed, including the local K–12 school. Seven counties in southern Minnesota were later declared federal disaster areas.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak
The outbreak broke many early-season tornado records for the state of Minnesota. The 14 total tornadoes in the state were the most to ever touch down on a single day in March. The F4 tornado was the strongest ever recorded in the state in March, and its 67-mile (108 km) path the longest tornado path ever recorded in Minnesota. In December 1998, the United States Department of Commerce awarded a bronze medal to the Twin Cities office of the National Weather Service (NWS) for providing excellent service to the public during the outbreak event.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Meteorological synopsis
The driving force behind this tornado outbreak was a strong surface-based low-pressure area stationed over the western high plains. On the morning of March 29, the low was centered over eastern Wyoming, with a warm front stretching eastward across Nebraska and Iowa. An upper-level trough of low pressure was centered over the southwestern United States, which caused an upper-level jet stream with winds of 100 knots (120 mph; 190 km/h) to push towards Minnesota from the southwest.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Meteorological synopsis
A low-level jet from the south with winds of 50 knots (60 mph; 90 km/h) transported a plume of warm, humid air into the region, helping to push temperatures above 70 °F (21 °C) and dew points into the middle 60s °F (around 20 °C). Winds on the surface were from the southeast, which created low-level wind shear; enhancing the potential for tornadoes.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Meteorological synopsis
By early afternoon, the low-pressure area had moved east into California, while the warm front had moved northward into southern Minnesota. The atmosphere to the south of the warm front was strongly capped, meaning that the best chance of thunderstorm development was in areas along and slightly north of the front. By the time the thunderstorms started developing, CAPE values were 2000 J/kg, indicating moderate atmospheric instability. Also present were low-level and deep-layer wind shear values of 44 and 87 knots (51 and 100 mph; 81 and 161 km/h), respectively. All of these factors combined to create very favorable conditions for the development of severe thunderstorms and tornadoes.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Forecasts
Weather forecasters first began to notice the severity of the impending weather situation after the 6:00 pm CST (0000 UTC) computer model runs on the night of Friday, March 27. On Saturday, March 28 at 11:30 am the Storm Prediction Center issued a Day 2 moderate risk of severe weather for southeast Minnesota, northeast Iowa, northwest Illinois and much of Wisconsin. Later model runs on March 28 only increased forecasters' confidence that a major severe-weather event would occur the following day.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Forecasts
In the early-morning hours of Sunday March 29, forecasters at the Twin Cities NWS noticed that due to the model's prediction of strong wind shear and instability, the tornado risk was quite high for their region. Area forecast discussions during this period mentioned the possibility of F3-strength tornadoes later in the day. Also on the morning of March 29, the Storm Prediction Center issued a Day 1 moderate risk of severe weather. This moderate risk area was more narrow than the previous day's outlook, encompassing only southwest Wisconsin, northern Iowa and the southern third of Minnesota.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Forecasts
As the day moved on, the Twin Cities, Sioux Falls and La Crosse NWS forecast offices all saw the potential for "strong to violent" tornadoes, and used such verbiage in their forecasts. The Twin Cities NWS noted in their 12:26 pm forecast discussion that "thunderstorms located south of a Redwood Falls to Minneapolis to Rice Lake line could be particularly strong with the potential of tornadic thunderstorms".


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Forecasts
Just before 12:00 pm, the Storm Prediction Center issued a mesoscale discussion stating that "[g]iven strength of vertical shear profiles, CAPE on the order of 2000 J/kg will support increasing potential for tornadic supercells during the afternoon hours, especially along an axis roughly from Yankton through Sioux Falls into Redwood Falls and Minneapolis/Rochester areas. We will continue to monitor. Present indications are WW (Weather Watch) will be necessary within the next 2 to 3 hours." At 1:35 pm the Storm Prediction Center issued tornado watch No. 132 with a particularly dangerous situation designation. The watch area encompassed most of southern Minnesota and northern Iowa, along with small parts of northeast Nebraska, southeast South Dakota, southwest Wisconsin, and was made in effect from 2:00 pm to 8:00 pm.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description
The thunderstorms that would eventually spawn the tornadoes began forming in southeastern South Dakota around 2:00 pm. The first severe weather report of the outbreak was of 3⁄4 inch (19 mm) diameter hail 2 miles (3 km) south of Brandon, South Dakota. Shortly thereafter the thunderstorms moved east across the border into Minnesota. After several more reports of severe hail with the growing thunderstorms, the first tornado of the day—rated F2 on the Fujita scale—touched down at 3:23 pm 2 miles (3 km) north of Lismore.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description
It was on the ground for less than 1 mile (2 km) and caused minor damage. Five more tornadoes (all rated F2 or lower) briefly touched down during the next hour in the same general area; none of which inflicted major damage. All of these tornadoes were spawned by the same supercell thunderstorm. During the remainder of the afternoon hours, this supercell would proceed to track east-northeast across southern Minnesota for 150 miles (240 km), tracking slightly north of the warm front.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, Comfrey, Minnesota
At 3:50 pm a tornado touched down 7 miles (11 km) east of Avoca, Minnesota, in eastern Murray County. As the tornado moved through Cottonwood County, it grew to a width of 900 yards (823 m) and obtained F3 strength. It destroyed numerous farms, farm equipment, trees, power lines and poles, vehicles, and other structures in its path. A total of 20 people outside a church near Jeffers were able to get inside the church just before the tornado hit, and as a result nobody suffered serious injuries.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, Comfrey, Minnesota
At approximately 4:30 pm the twister, which witnesses described as a "mass of blowing dust" or "rolling fog bank" entered Comfrey, a town of 550 people located in both Cottonwood and Brown Counties. Comfrey's fire chief saw the tornado while storm spotting and ordered the town's sirens activated. The tornado moved through the center of Comfrey one minute after the sirens went off, and destroyed a grain elevator, the town hall, three of the town's four churches, the grocery store, and most of the main street businesses downtown. The town's firehouse collapsed, and the school was heavily damaged. Of the 200 houses in the town, all but 15 suffered damage. Fifty of those homes were destroyed and as a result 100 people were left homeless. Approximately 75% of the buildings in Comfrey were damaged or destroyed.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, Comfrey, Minnesota
As the tornado continued to move through Brown County it achieved F4 strength and grew to 1.25 miles (2 km) wide. Approximately 15% of the 1000 farms in Brown County sustained damage from the tornado, and 500 dairy cattle were lost. The tornado went on to cause additional damage in Blue Earth and Watonwan Counties. After traveling across six counties for 1 hour and 25 minutes and causing $75 million in damage, the twister lifted back into the clouds at 5:15 pm 4 miles (6 km) southeast of Courtland. In addition, 19 people were injured by this tornado.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, St. Peter, Minnesota
At 5:18 pm, the same supercell produced another large tornado 2 miles (3 km) to the east of Nicollet. As the tornado moved to the east, a six-year-old boy was killed when the vehicle his family was riding in was overtaken by the tornado. At 5:30 pm the F3 tornado hit St. Peter, a town of about 10,000 people located in eastern Nicollet County, and inflicted severe damage on much of the town.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, St. Peter, Minnesota
Gustavus Adolphus College, which sits on top of a hill on the west side of St. Peter, sustained heavy damage after taking a direct hit from the twister. About 80% percent of the windows on the campus were shattered, and most of the major buildings on campus sustained damage. The chapel spire—a campus landmark—was snapped in half. The admissions office was destroyed, as was Johnson Hall, a small dormitory. The Lund Center for Physical Education and Health lost part of its roof, as did the tennis center.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, St. Peter, Minnesota
The football press box was blown from the top of the stadium bleachers, and the baseball dugouts were damaged. The tornado also uprooted more than 1000 trees, almost completely denuding the campus. Gustavus was on spring break at the time the tornado hit, so the campus was virtually vacant of students and there were no serious injuries or fatalities reported.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, St. Peter, Minnesota
As the tornado continued through St. Peter it caused more damage and destruction. St. Peter's Catholic Church and St. Peter Evangelical Lutheran Church were destroyed, as was the Arts and Heritage Center. The hospital was severely damaged and the library was hit, resulting in a loss of 25% of its books. Officials estimated 500 homes in St. Peter were destroyed, 1700 more were damaged and over 17,000 trees were lost. Many of the homes and trees that were destroyed in St. Peter were more than a century old.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, St. Peter, Minnesota
Debris from St. Peter that was sucked into the tornado fell back down to earth as far as Rice Lake, Wisconsin, over 130 miles (209 km) away. In addition to the damage in St. Peter, the tornado also damaged or destroyed 60 homes and caused $6.5 million in damage in rural areas. All together this tornado was on the ground for 18 miles (29 km) and inflicted $120 million in damage.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, Le Center, Minnesota
Shortly after the St. Peter tornado dissipated, a new tornado formed at 5:48 pm 2 miles (3 km) north of Cleveland, Minnesota. The half-mile (.8 km) wide tornado damaged several farms before hitting Le Center at F2 strength. The tornado damaged many businesses on the southern side of town and caused heavy damage at the Le Sueur County fairgrounds. Over 100 farm buildings were destroyed as well. The Sunny Terrace mobile home park in Le Center took a direct hit from the tornado. Fifteen mobile homes were destroyed and another 26 were heavily damaged.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, Le Center, Minnesota
The manager of the mobile home park was able to alert residents to the oncoming tornado, allowing most of them to take cover in a storm shelter before the storm hit. There were no fatalities from this tornado, though two people sustained injures. After traveling for 17 miles (27 km) and causing $20 million in damage, the tornado lifted from the ground 1 mile (2 km) west of the town of Montgomery.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, Other tornadoes
Over the next hour, the supercell continued to track across southern Minnesota, dropping four more tornadoes in Rice and Dakota Counties. One of these tornadoes hit the town of Lonsdale at F2 strength, damaging four homes and six business in the town, and then 20 farms to the east of town. This tornado had a path of 5 miles (8 km) and caused $20 million in damage. The last of the 13 tornadoes spawned by this supercell was a brief F0 that touched down 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Hastings, and the supercell dissipated a few minutes later as it moved into Wisconsin.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Outbreak description, Other tornadoes
Four additional tornadoes touched down this day. A tornado that was associated with the main supercell touched down briefly near Fulda, Minnesota, at 3:55 pm, while the Comfrey tornado was also on the ground. It was rated as an F1 and caused minor damage. Three other tornadoes that were all unrelated to the main supercell were confirmed as well; one in southeast Minnesota near Wabasha and two in Wisconsin. All three were rated F0 on the Fujita Scale and produced only minor damage.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Aftermath
On April 1, 1998, seven counties in Minnesota were declared federal disaster areas: Brown, Le Sueur, Nicollet, Rice, Cottonwood, Blue Earth and Nobles. The money allotted from the federal government allowed the affected towns to clean up the damage and begin the rebuilding process. In addition to the federal dollars, the state of Minnesota contributed $27.6 million to the cleanup and rebuilding effort, with $1.35 million designated specifically for the preservation of the historical buildings in St. Peter.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Aftermath
Most of St. Peter's buildings that were on the National Historic Register were damaged, but only one—a French Second Empire school building built in 1871 (St. Peter Central School)—had to be demolished. Three years after the tornado, the City of St. Peter reported that its population had grown by 2%; an unusual feat for a town that had so recently endured a natural disaster.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Aftermath
Damage to the Gustavus campus was estimated at nearly $60 million. Despite 33 of the 78 of the classrooms not being ready for use, the college re-opened three weeks after the tornado. Following the storm, a major concern for the college was that the student base would be eroded. To prevent that from happening, every returning and graduating student was given a $3,000 check by the college. In addition, the school sent out letters and made phone calls to all 2,000 applicants within 10 days of the disaster.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Aftermath
The 735 new students who reported to Gustavus the following fall comprised the largest incoming class in the school's history. After a summer of repairs, the symbolic end to the rebuilding process on campus occurred on October 22, 1998, when a new 175-foot (53 m) spire was placed atop the chapel.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Aftermath
Following the tornado in Comfrey, residents were forced to temporarily evacuate the town due to several gas leaks, and the Minnesota National Guard was called in to help secure the area. Because the town's K–12 school was destroyed, students resumed classes two weeks later 20 miles (32 km) to the north in Sanborn. Since many Comfrey residents were displaced to nearby towns, school buses from Comfrey drove to each town to provide children transportation to the school in Sanborn. To help stock their classrooms, the school used equipment and supplies that had been salvaged from the damage as well as items that had been donated.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Aftermath
Immediately following the tornado in Comfrey there was uncertainty about the town's long-term survival. Then in the week following the tornado the town decided to rebuild the school, and as a result most of Comfrey's businesses decided to follow suit. Ground was broken on the new school early the next year, and it opened to students on October 4, 1999. The population of Comfrey is down to 367 from the 425 it was when the tornado hit.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Aftermath
Official U.S. government totals gathered in the months following the disaster state that the tornadoes caused $235 million in damage, however later estimates put the total much higher, including over $300 million in St. Peter alone. Additionally, over $800,000 in hail and downburst damage was reported over South Dakota, Minnesota and Wisconsin.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Aftermath
For the 13 tornadoes that touched down from the parent supercell in southern Minnesota, the Twin Cities and Sioux Falls NWS offices issued tornado warnings an average of 15 minutes before the warned areas were hit. Because of above-average lead time for the warnings, and for excellence in forecasting the entire event, a bronze medal was issued to the Twin Cities NWS office the following December by the United States Department of Commerce.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Historical perspective
Tornadoes during the month of March are an unusual occurrence in Minnesota when compared to the rest of the spring and summer months. Before this event there had been only six tornadoes ever recorded in the state during March, and since this event there has been only six. This outbreak also marks the first time in Minnesota history that two tornadoes were recorded on the same day in March, as well as the first time since 1921 that there have been multiple tornado fatalities on the same March day. Despite the historical significance of the outbreak, this was not the earliest calendar-year tornado to touch down in Minnesota; that record is held by three tornadoes that touched on March 6, 2017.


1998 Comfrey–St. Peter tornado outbreak, Historical perspective
With a path of 67 miles (108 km), the Comfrey tornado had the fifth-longest track of any tornado on record in Minnesota. It is however the longest continuous-track tornado in Minnesota history, meaning that it was the longest to have been observed to always be in contact with the ground. The damage from the F4 tornado that struck Comfrey is the strongest ever measured in Minnesota during the month of March. The previous strongest-measured were two F3's, occurring on March 27, 1905, and March 26, 1921.


1998 Commonwealth Games
The 1998 Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel 1998), officially known as the XVI Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel ke-16), was a multi-sport event held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This edition is marked by several unprecedented facts in the history of the event. The 1998 games were the first held in an Asian country and the last Commonwealth Games of the 20th century.


1998 Commonwealth Games
This was also the first time the games took place in a nation with a head of state other than the Head of the Commonwealth, and the first time the games were held in a country whose majority of the population did not have English as the first language. For the first time ever, the games included team sports. The other bid from the 1998 games came from Adelaide in Australia. Malaysia was the eighth nation to host the Commonwealth Games after Canada, England, Australia, New Zealand, Wales, Jamaica and Scotland. Around 3638 athletes from 70 Commonwealth member nations participated at the games which featured 214 events in 15 sports with 34 of them collected medals.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Host selection
Kuala Lumpur was selected to stage the games at the General Assembly of the Commonwealth Games Federation in Barcelona, Spain during the 1992 Summer Olympics.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Venues
The athletes' village (Vista Kommanwel) with a capacity of 6,000 people is located beside the National Sports Complex in Bukit Jalil. It consists of three tower blocks of 30 storeys and six hillside blocks of 19 storeys with 1,300 condominiums and an International Shopping Zone. The International Broadcast Centre was constructed at Angkasapuri, Kuala Lumpur, while Mint Hotel (now Nouvelle Hotel) served as the Main Press Centre. State broadcaster Radio Televisyen Malaysia was the host broadcaster of the event.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Opening ceremony
The 16th Commonwealth Games opening ceremony took place on 11 September 1998 at 20:00 MST (UTC+08:00). During the ceremony, approximately 4,840 Soka Gakkai volunteers displayed coloured flip cards which depicted sporting images, flags of the Commonwealth nations and messages that heralded the first games in Asia in the 68 years since their inception.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Opening ceremony
The ceremony was preceded by a pre-show concert by Malaysian pop singers such as Jamal Abdillah, Amy Search, Saleem, Zamani, Norzila Binti Haji Aminuddin, Shahrul Anuar Zain, Siti Roziana Binti Zain, Shaheila binti Abdul Majid, Amy Mastura Binti Suhaimi, Ning Baizura binti Sheikh Hamzah and Siti Nurhaliza Binti Tarudin, performance by local comedian Harith Iskander and 16 paratroopers who descended down the stadium.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Opening ceremony
The ceremony began with the arrival of dignitaries including the Chairman of Commonwealth Games Federation Mr Michael Fennel, Prince Edward, Sultan of Brunei Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister Dato Seri, Dr Mahathir Mohamad, the Yang Dipertuan Agong and Malaysian minister of Youth and Sports Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Opening ceremony
This was followed by the parade of nations — 69 participating nations, led by mascot Wira and previous games' mascots (Canada being the first country to come into the stadium as host country of the previous games, and Malaysia entering last as hosts).The Singaporean delegation was jeered by the crowd during the parade of nations. Then came a performance about a Malaysian rainforest by 2,000 school children who dressed as birds, bees and flowers.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Opening ceremony
After the performance, the Queen's message was delivered in the ceremonial baton, which had begun the final stages of its journey on the back of an elephant. 1978 Commonwealth Games badminton gold medal winner Sylvia Ng took the last lap with the baton and handed it off to Koh Eng Tong, a weightlifter who won a gold medal in weightlifting for Malaya in the 1950 British Empire Games, to take the final few feet to Prince Edward.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Opening ceremony
Contrary to tradition, the games were officially opened by the Malaysian head of state, Yang di Pertuan Agong Tuanku Jaafar by striking the gong three times. A burst of fireworks and blurring of the giant bunga raya and a 16-gun salute which represents 1998 Commonwealth Games being the 16th-edition games, signified the beginning of the games. The Commonwealth Games flag was then brought into the stadium raised to the theme song of the Games Forever As One written by local composer, Goh Boon Hoe. Malaysian bowler Shalin Zulkifli later take the oath on behalf of the athletes.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Opening ceremony
The ceremony concluded with a 40-minute performance, titled "Aur di Tebing" (Bamboo at the riverside) with the theme 'Unity towards Progress', which was conveyed through dance, music, and intricate human graphics. 2,000 performers swirled and danced carrying trays of bunga emas (golden flowers) on their heads during a mass silat display. The show told the Malaysian history from ancient Malacca to the present development in Malaysia, its political, economical and technological achievements as well as its people's vision of peace, prosperity and unity and lifestyle.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Closing ceremony
The closing ceremony took place on 21 September 1998 at 20:00 MST (UTC+08:00). The attendees of the ceremony included Raja Permaisuri Agong, Tuanku Najihah, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad and his wife, Commonwealth Games Federation President (CGF),Sir Michael Fennel; Commonwealth of Nations Secretary-general Chief Emeka Anyaoku; Minister of youth and sports Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin and Executive Chairman of Sukom Ninety Eight Berhad, Tan Sri Hashim Mohd. Ali.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Closing ceremony
The ceremony began with Queen Elizabeth and King Ja'afar's arrival in a limousine, for inspection of guards of honour of the Royal Malay Regiment. The British national anthem God Save The Queen was played followed by Malaysia's national anthem Negaraku. This was followed by a 3-part cultural performance led by a band performance by 400 school students from Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor and Kuala Lumpur followed by an upbeat song performance from local artist Jay Jay.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Closing ceremony
As the protocol says, a 15-minute presentation from Manchester, England, host city of the 2002 edition, was staged which included songs, videos and a live performance from the group New Order at the Albert Square, also the main moment was when message from British Prime Minister Tony Blair was delivered.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Closing ceremony
A contemporary farewell dance performance by local artists, featured Siti Nurhaliza and Noraniza Idris concludes the cultural performance. Soon afterwards, all the participants, flag-bearers and the volunteers march into the main ground of the stadium and Olympic council of Malaysia president Tan Sri Hamzah Abu Samah later declared the returning of the flags of all the participating nations.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Closing ceremony
Then the protocol was resumed and the 69 Commonwealth Games Associations flagbearers positioned themselves in a rostrum and the Commonwealth Games flag was lowered by the Malaysian armed forces. Next, the flag of the Commonwealth Games Federation is lowered by Malaysian Armed Forces personnel to the games theme song, Forever as one and is paraded around the stadium before being folded and handed over to the mayor of Kuala Lumpur, Tan Sri Kamarulzaman Sharif, who handed it over to the president of the Commonwealth Games Federation, Jamaican Michael Fennel.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Preparation, Closing ceremony
Fennel handed the flag  to the Chief Citizen of Manchester city, Gordon Conquest. Following, the official speeches were delivered and Queen Elisabeth was invited to declare the Games closed. In a new protocol step, the Queen has withdrew from the stadium alongside the King of Malaysia and other authorities, after the guard of honour march song has played, followed by Auld Lang Syne. The prime minister of Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad, later made an announcement to declare 28 September 1998 as a national public holiday to commemorate the nation's success in hosting the games. The ceremony concluded with a concert performed by Six Commonwealth Top Singers representing the six regions of the Commonwealth Federation and local artists.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Participating teams
Sixty-nine teams were represented at the 1998 Games. The only absent country was Nigeria who suspended from Commonwealth due to the tyrannical dictatorship of Sani Abacha who had died earlier that year.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Sports overview
The host nation achieved its best-ever haul of ten gold medals which has since been surpassed by its achievement in the 2010 Commonwealth Games, where Malaysia won twelve gold medals.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Sports overview
The 16th Commonwealth Games host newly introduced team sports of cricket, field hockey, netball and rugby sevens and individuals sports of ten-pin bowling and squash, while of athletics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, lawn bowls, shooting, swimming and weightlifting to make a total of 15 sports contested.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Sports overview
In front of 20,000 fans at the Petaling Jaya Stadium, rugby sevens in particular were an enormous success with New Zealand collecting its 100th Commonwealth Games medal with a 21–12 win over plucky Fiji, (the reigning world champions). Man of the match was the giant Jonah Lomu who had worked tirelessly during the 10-minutes-each-way final. Led by veteran star David Campese, Australia took the bronze beating Samoa 33–12.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Sports overview
In the squash event many had anticipated a close match between Michelle Martin and Sarah Fitz-Gerald who had both comfortably won their respective semi-finals. Fitz-Gerald had won the previous two years' World Opens and Martin the three prior to that and so it was with some surprise to many that Martin took the gold in three straight sets 9–0, 9–6, 9–5. Fitz-Gerald did avenge this defeat in the final of the world championship later that year, in what many people regard as the greatest women's final ever, coming back from 8–2 down in the fifth to retain her title. Martin also teamed up with Craig Rowland to take the Commonwealth mixed doubles gold.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Sports overview
Erika-Leigh Stirton took five of the six available gold medals in the rhythmic gymnastics only being beaten into second place in the team event in the hosts took gold.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Medal table
The ranking in this table is consistent with International Olympic Committee convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a "nation" is an entity represented by a Commonwealth Games Association). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their three-letter country code.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Marketing, Logo
The logo of the 1998 Commonwealth Games is an image of the national flower of Malaysia, the hibiscus (the bunga raya), the first games logo to introduce the colour yellow. (All previous logos had been red, white and blue to reflect the colours of the British Union Flag.) The red, blue, white and yellow colours represents the colours of the Malaysian national flag and Malaysia as a confident, young, dynamic nation. The yellow pollens represent the six regions of the world that includes the 68 Commonwealth member nations.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Marketing, Mascot
The official mascot of the 1998 Commonwealth Games is an orangutan named Wira (Malay for "warrior" or "hero"). It is said that the orangutan is the largest and probably the most intelligent primate in Asia which lives in the tropical rainforests of Malaysia. The adoption of orangutan as a games' mascot is to represent the friendly personality of Malaysia as the games' host as well as the charm, intelligence, and sporting ability of the participating athletes.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Marketing, Sponsors
A total of 55 companies and organisations sponsored the games, including Malaysian state-owned enterprises.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Controversy, 1998 Klang Valley water crisis
The 1998 Klang Valley water crisis was a water shortage that affected the biggest metropolitan region of the country. This water shortage affected almost all the residents in the Klang Valley, causing the government to impose water rationing prior to the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur.


1998 Commonwealth Games, Controversy, 1998 Klang Valley water crisis
This crisis was blamed on El Niño despite actual rainfall in the months leading up to February 1998 in Federal Territory not being significantly below average. In fact in November 1997, Klang Gates Dam had its highest recorded rainfall. Similarly in October 1997 the Kajang station not far from the Semenyih dam had its highest rainfall in record.


1998 Commonwealth of Independent States Cup
The 1998 Commonwealth of Independent States Cup was the sixth edition of the competition between the champions of former republics of Soviet Union. It was won by Dynamo Kyiv for the third time in a row.


1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup
The 1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Olympiahalle in Munich in Germany. The event was organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), which invited the best-performing players in the year's Grand Slam events to compete in the Grand Slam Cup.


1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup
The tournament was held from September 28 through October 4, 1998. The prize money was significant, and therefore the most popular exhibition tournament among the players but there were no ranking points awarded since the ITF had no influence on ATP and WTA who control the ranking system. However the Grand Slam Cup-tournaments would later be recognized by the ATP as official tournaments and a tournament win would be included in the players statistics.


1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup, Finals, Men's Singles
Marcelo Ríos defeated  Andre Agassi 6–4, 2–6, 7–6(7–1), 5–7, 6–3


1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup – Men's Singles
Marcelo Ríos won in the final 6–4, 2–6, 7–6(7–1), 5–7, 6–3 against Andre Agassi. It was Ríos' 6th title of the year and the 11th of his career.


1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup – Men's Singles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup – Women's Singles
Venus Williams won in the final 6–2, 3–6, 6–2 against Patty Schnyder.


1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup – Women's Singles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1998 Conference USA Baseball Tournament
The 1998 Conference USA Baseball Tournament was the 1998 postseason baseball championship of the NCAA Division I Conference USA, held at Zephyr Field in New Orleans, Louisiana from May 12–17. Tulane defeated UNC Charlotte in the championship game, earning the conference's automatic bid to the 1998 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament.


1998 Conference USA Baseball Tournament, Bracket, Play-in games
Two play-in games among the four teams with the worst regular season records decided which two teams would have the final two spots in the eight-team double-elimination bracket.


1998 Conference USA Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1998 Conference USA Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 4–7 at the Myrl H. Shoemaker Center in Cincinnati, Ohio.


1998 Conference USA Men's Basketball Tournament
Top-seeded Cincinnati defeated UNC Charlotte in the championship game, 71–57, to clinch their second Conference USA men's tournament championship.


1998 Conference USA Men's Basketball Tournament
The Bearcats, in turn, received an automatic bid to the 1998 NCAA Tournament. They were joined in the tournament by fellow C-USA members UNC Charlotte and Saint Louis, who earned at-large bids.


1998 Conference USA Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
Prior to the season, Conference USA dropped their old regular season scheduling format of three divisions of four teams (Red, White, and Blue) in favor of two six-team divisions (American and National). Teams were largely divided based on geography.


1998 Conference USA Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
However, since division standings were not utilized for seeding teams in the conference tournament, no changes were made to the tournament format from the previous year. The top four teams were given byes into the quarterfinal round, and the remaining eight teams were entered into the preliminary round. All seeds were determined by overall regular season conference records.


1998 Conference USA Men's Soccer Tournament
The 1998 Conference USA Men's Soccer Tournament was the fourth edition of the Conference USA Men's Soccer Tournament. The tournament decided the Conference USA champion and guaranteed representative into the 1998 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship. The tournament was hosted by the University of South Florida and the final games were played at the USF Soccer Stadium.


1998 Connecticut Huskies football team
The 1998 Connecticut Huskies football team represented the University of Connecticut in the 1998 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Huskies were led by fifth year head coach Skip Holtz, and completed the season with a record of 10–3.


1998 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1998 Connecticut gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1998, and incumbent Republican Governor John G. Rowland won re-election against Democratic nominee U.S. Congresswoman Barbara Kennelly.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections
The Cook County, Illinois general election was held on November 3, 1998.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections
Elections were held for Assessor, Clerk, Sheriff, Treasurer, President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, all 17 seats of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, all 3 seats of the Cook County Board of Review, 4 seats on the Water Reclamation District Board, and judgeships on the Circuit Court of Cook County.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Election information
1998 was a midterm election year in the United States. The primaries and general elections for Cook County races coincided with those for federal (Senate and House) and those for state elections.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Election information, Voter turnout, Primary election
Voter turnout in Cook County during the primaries was 28.68%.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Election information, Voter turnout, General election
The general election saw 54.61% turnout, with 1,433,423 ballots cast. Chicago saw 752,506 ballots cast while suburban Cook County saw 53.95% turnout (with 680,917 ballots cast).


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Assessor
In the 1998 Cook County Assessor election, incumbent assessor James Houlihan, a Democrat, was elected to his first full-term. Houlihan had been appointed to the office in 1997, after Thomas Hynes (who had serve as Cook County assessor since 1978) opted to resign from the office.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Clerk
In the 1998 Cook County Clerk election, incumbent second-term clerk David Orr, a Democrat, was reelected.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Sheriff
In the 1998 Cook County Sheriff election, incumbent second-term sheriff Michael F. Sheahan, a Democrat, was reelected.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Sheriff, Primaries, Republican
Former Superintendent of the Chicago Police Department LeRoy Martin won the Republican primary.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Treasurer
In the 1998 Cook County Treasurer election, incumbent sixth-term treasurer Edward J. Rosewell, a Democrat, did not seek reelection after having been indicted over a ghost jobs scheme (for which he would ultimately plead guilty). Cook County Commissioner Maria Pappas was elected to succeed him.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners
In the 1998 President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners election, incumbent first-term president John Stroger, a Democrat, was reelected.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, Primaries, Democratic
Incumbent John H. Stroger, Jr. defeated Cook County commissioner Calvin R. Sutker.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, Primaries, Republican
Clerk of the Circuit Court of Cook County Aurelia Pucinski left the Democratic Party and joined the Republican party in December 1997 to run as its nominee for President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners
The 1998 Cook County Board of Commissioners election saw all seventeen seats of the Cook County Board of Commissioners up for election to four-year terms.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 1st district
Incumbent commissioner Darlena Williams-Burnett, a Democrat appointed in 1997 after fellow Democrat Danny K. Davis resigned to serve in the United States House of Representatives, lost renomination in the Democratic primary to Earlean Collins. Collins would go on to win the general election.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 2nd district
Incumbent third-term commissioner Bobbie L. Steele, a Democrat, was reelected, running unopposed in both the primary and general election.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 3rd district
Incumbent commissioner Jerry Butler, a Democrat who first assumed office in 1985, was reelected.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 4th district
Incumbent commissioner John Stroger, a Democrat, was reelected, running unopposed in both the Democratic primary and general election.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 6th district
Incumbent first-term commissioner Bud Fleming, a Republican, unsuccessfully sought reelection, being unseated by Democratic nominee William Moran. Moran's victory of Flemming was considered an upset victory. Before winning this race, Moran had been regarded as a perennial candidate.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 6th district, Primaries
William Moran, who had never held office, defeated John David Desimone, who had served as President of the Chicago Heights Park District since 1995.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 7th district
Incumbent first-term commissioner Joseph Mario Moreno, a Democrat, was reelected.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 7th district, General election
Republican primary winner Irma C. Lopez was replaced on the ballot by Alberto Alva.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 8th district
Incumbent first-term commissioner Roberto Maldonado, a Democrat, was reelected, running unopposed in both the primary and general election.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 8th district, Primaries
Incumbent Roberto Maldono was challenged by Francisco Duprey, who had served as the director of school services for Chicago Public Schools and had also led Chicago's Department of Economic Development.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 9th district
Incumbent first-term commissioner Peter N. Silvestri, a Republican, was reelected.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 10th district
Incumbent second-term commissioner Maria Pappas, a Democrat, did not seek reelection, instead opting to run for Cook County Treasurer. Democrat Mike Quigley was elected to succeed her in office.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 11th district
Incumbent commissioner John P. Daley, a Democrat in office since 1992, was reelected.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 12th district, Primaries
No candidates, ballot-certified or formal write-in, ran in the Republican primary.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 14th district
Incumbent commissioner Richard Siebel, a Republican, did not seek reelection. Republican Gregg Goslin was elected to succeed him.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Commissioners, 16th district, General election
Democrat nominee John E. Bertone withdrew and was not replaced on the ballot.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Review
In the 1998 Cook County Board of Review election, all three seats were up for election. This was the first election for what would be a newly reconstituted body. In 1996, the Illinois Legislature successfully passed Public Act 89-671, which made it so that, in 1998, the Cook County Board of Appeals would be renamed Cook County Board of Review and be reconstituted as a three-member body.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Cook County Board of Review, 2nd district
Joseph Berrios a ten incumbent on the predecessor organization, the Cook County Board of (Tax) Appeals, was elected, running unopposed in both the Democratic primary and general election.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Water Reclamation District Board
In the 1998 Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago  election, four of the nine seats on the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago board were up for election. Three were regularly scheduled elections, and one was a special election due to a vacancy.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Water Reclamation District Board
Democratic incumbents Gloria Alitto Majewski and Patricia Young were reelected in the at-large election.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Water Reclamation District Board, At-large election
Three six-year term seats were up for an at-large election. Since three six-year seats were up for election, voters could vote for up to three candidates, and the top-three finishers would win.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Water Reclamation District Board, Unexpired term
A special election was held to fill a seat left vacant.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Judicial elections
Partisan elections were held for judgeships on the Circuit Court of Cook County, due to vacancies. Other judgeships had retention elections.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Judicial elections
Partisan elections were also held for subcircuit courts judgeships due to vacancies. Other judgeships had retention elections.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Ballot questions
One ballot question was included on ballots county-wide during the March primary election.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Ballot questions, Managed Care Act advisory referendum
An advisory referendum was included on the March primary ballots on the Managed Care Act.


1998 Cook County, Illinois elections, Other elections
Coinciding with the primaries, elections were held to elect both the Democratic and Republican committeemen for the suburban townships.


1998 Copa Apertura
The Copa Apertura 1998 was the 27th edition of the Chilean Cup tournament. The competition started on February 14, 1998, and concluded on April 1, 1998. Only first level teams took part in the tournament. Universidad de Chile won the competition for their second time, beating Audax Italiano on the finals.


1998 Copa Bolivia
This is the third edition of the Copa Bolivia. The defending champions are Oriente Petrolero after winning 3-2 over The  Strongest.


1998 Copa CONMEBOL
The 1998 Copa CONMEBOL was the seventh edition of CONMEBOL's annual club tournament. Teams that failed to qualify for the Copa Libertadores played in this tournament. Sixteen teams from the ten South American football confederations qualified for this tournament. Santos defeated Rosario Central in the finals.


1998 Copa CONMEBOL Finals
The 1998 Copa CONMEBOL Finals were the final match series to decide the winner of the 1998 Copa CONMEBOL, a continental cup competition organised by CONMEBOL. The final was contested by Argentine club Rosario Central and Brazilian Santos FC.


1998 Copa CONMEBOL Finals
Played under a two-legged tie system, Santos won the first leg held in Estádio Urbano Caldeira in Santos, São Paulo. As the second leg at Estadio Gigante de Arroyito in Rosario ended in a 0–0 tie, Santos won 10 on aggregate, achieving their first Cup trophy.


1998 Copa CONMEBOL Finals
The series became infamous for the though play from both sides, with many players being penalised with yellow cards and even sent off (only in the second leg in Arroyito, the referee showed the yellow card to eight players and sent off two).


1998 Copa Colsanitas
The 1998 Copa Colsanitas was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Club Campestre El Rancho in Bogotá in Colombia that was part of Tier IV of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from February 16 through February 22, 1998.


1998 Copa Colsanitas, Finals, Doubles
Janette Husárová /  Paola Suárez defeated  Melissa Mazzotta /  Ekaterina Sysoeva 3–6, 6–2, 6–3


1998 Copa Colsanitas – Doubles
Janette Husárová and Paola Suárez won in the final 3–6, 6–2, 6–3 against Melissa Mazzotta and Ekaterina Sysoeva.


1998 Copa Colsanitas – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1998 Copa Colsanitas – Singles
Paola Suárez won in the final 6–3, 6–4 against Sonya Jeyaseelan.


1998 Copa Colsanitas – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1998 Copa Interamericana
The 1998 Copa Interamericana was the 18th and final staging of the Copa Interamericana. The final took place between D.C. United and Vasco da Gama and was staged over two legs on 14 November 1998 and 5 December 1998. Both matches were played in the United States, the first in Washington, D.C. was won 1–0 by Vasco da Gama; and the second leg in Fort Lauderdale was won 2–0 by D.C. United.


1998 Copa Interamericana
D.C. United won their first Copa Interamericana, winning the series 2–1 on aggregate. They are the only team from the United States to win the competition. D.C. United head coach Bruce Arena left the team after the match to manage the United States men's national soccer team.


1998 Copa Libertadores
The 1998 edition of the Copa Libertadores was the 39th in the tournament's history. It was held between February 25 and August 26. Mexican clubs participated in Copa Libertadores for the first time. Vasco da Gama won the cup for the first time in the tournament's history, after defeating Barcelona of Ecuador in the final.


1998 Copa Libertadores, Knockout stages, Round of 16
First leg matches were played on April 15, April 22 and April 23. Second leg matches were on April 29, April 30, May 2 and May 7.


1998 Copa Libertadores, Knockout stages, Quarterfinals
First leg matches were played on May 3, May 13 and May 20. Second leg matches were played on May 6 and May 27.


1998 Copa Libertadores, Knockout stages, Semi-Finals
First leg matches were played on July 16. Second leg matches were played on July 22.


1998 Copa Libertadores, Knockout stages, Finals
First leg match was played on August 12. Second leg match was played on August 26.


1998 Copa Libertadores Finals
The 1998 Copa Libertadores Final was a two-legged football match-up to determine the 1998 Copa Libertadores champion. It was contested by Brazilian club Vasco da Gama and Ecuadorian club Barcelona. The first leg was played on August 12 at Estádio São Januário in Rio de Janeiro, with the second leg played on August 26 at Estadio Monumental in Guayaquil.


1998 Copa Merconorte
The 1998 Copa Merconorte was an association football tournament held in 1998. Atlético Nacional of Colombia beat Deportivo Cali also of Colombia in the final.


1998 Copa Merconorte
Originally, this tournament was to start on 1 September 1998 (the group stage lasting until 25 November), with 16 teams divided into 4 groups of 4. Those 16 teams included 3 Mexican teams, Club América, Cruz Azul and C.D. Guadalajara.


1998 Copa Merconorte
However, the Mexican Football Federation insisted on including Deportivo Toluca F.C. and Club Necaxa, the two finalists of the 1998 Summer season, instead of Club América and C.D. Guadalajara, who had been chosen for their popular support. No agreement could be reached, and on 20 August the Mexican teams withdrew. The organization then decided to remove the two teams from the USA (D.C. United and Los Angeles Galaxy) as well, include a fourth Colombian team (América de Cali) and play with 3 groups of 4.


1998 Copa Merconorte, Group stage
Each team played the other teams in the group twice during the group stage. The three group winners and the best runner-up advanced to the second round.


1998 Copa Mercosur
The Copa Mercosur 1998 was the 1st staging of the international club cup.


1998 Copa Mercosur
The competition started on 29 July 1998  and concluded on 29 December 1998 with Palmeiras beating Cruzeiro in the final.


1998 Copa Mercosur, Semi-finals, Second leg
Match abandoned after 69 minutes due to crowd trouble. Result allowed to stand. Palmeiras won 3–0 on aggregate.


1998 Copa Norte
The 1998 Copa Norte was the second edition of a football competition held in Brazil, featuring 8 clubs. Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Maranhão, Pará, Piauí, Rondônia and Roraima have one club.


1998 Copa Norte
In the finals, Sampaio Corrêa defeated São Raimundo-AM 3–0 on penalties after tied 2–2 on aggregate to win their first title and earn the right to play in the 1998 Copa CONMEBOL.


1998 Copa Perú
The 1998 Copa Perú season (Spanish: Copa Perú 1998), the promotion tournament of Peruvian football.


1998 Copa Perú
The tournament has 5 stages. The first four stages are played as mini-league round-robin tournaments, except for third stage in region IV, which is played as a knockout stage. The final stage features two knockout rounds and a final four-team group stage to determine the two promoted teams.


1998 Copa Perú
The 1998 Peru Cup started with the District Stage (Spanish: Etapa Distrital) on February. The next stage was the Provincial Stage (Spanish: Etapa Provincial) which started, on June. The tournament continued with the Departmental Stage (Spanish: Etapa Departamental) on July. The Regional Staged followed. The National Stage (Spanish: Etapa Nacional) started on November. The winner and runner-up of the National Stage will be promoted to the First Division.


1998 Copa Perú, Departmental Stage
The following list shows the teams that qualified for the Regional Stage.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage
The following list shows the teams that qualified for the Regional Stage.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region I
Region I includes qualified teams from Amazonas, Lambayeque, Tumbes and Piura region.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region II
Region II includes qualified teams from Ancash, Cajamarca and La Libertad region.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region III
Region III includes qualified teams from Loreto, San Martín and Ucayali region.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region IV
Region IV includes qualified teams from Callao, Ica and Lima region.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region V
Region V includes qualified teams from Huánuco, Junín and Pasco region.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region V
Note: Originally Señor de Puelles (8 pts) won the group. But after a complaint by Hidro, this team received 3 pts from its match against Señor de Puelles, hence obtaining first place.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region VI
Region VI includes qualified teams from Apurímac, Ayacucho and Huancavelica region.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region VII
Region VII includes qualified teams from Cusco, Madre de Dios and Puno region.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region VIII
Region VIII includes qualified teams from Arequipa, Moquegua and Tacna region.


1998 Copa Perú, Regional Stage, Region VIII
Note: Because both teams were already eliminated, Senati and Peñarol agreed to not play their match.


1998 Copa Perú, National Stage
The National Stage started in November. The winners of the National Stage will be promoted to the First Division.


1998 Copa del Rey Final
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by JJMC89 bot III (talk | contribs) at 16:49, 14 April 2020 (Moving Category:Association football penalty shootouts to Category:Association football penalty shoot-outs per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Speedy). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1998 Copa del Rey Final
The 1998 Copa del Rey Final was the 96th final of the Spanish cup competition, the Copa del Rey. The final was played at the Mestalla Stadium in Valencia on 29 April 1998. The game was won by Barcelona 5–4 on penalties, after a 1–1 draw following extra time.


1998 Copa del Rey de Baloncesto
The 1998 Copa del Rey was the 62nd edition of the Spanish basketball Cup. It was organized by the ACB and was held in Valladolid at the Pabellón Polideportivo Pisuerga between January 30 and February 2, 1998. Pamesa Valencia won its first title.


1998 Copa do Brasil
The Copa do Brasil 1998 was the 10th staging of the Copa do Brasil.


1998 Copa do Brasil
The competition started on January 20, 1998, and concluded on May 30, 1998, with the second leg of the final, held at the Estádio do Morumbi in São Paulo, in which Palmeiras lifted the trophy for the first time with a 2-0 victory over Cruzeiro.


1998 Copa do Brasil
Romário, of Flamengo, with 7 goals, was the competition's topscorer.


1998 Copa do Brasil, Format
The preliminary round was disputed by 20 clubs, while the first stage was disputed by 32 clubs, including the ones qualified from the preliminary stage. The competition was disputed in a knock-out format. In the preliminary stage and in the first round if the away team won the first leg with an advantage of at least two goals, the second leg was not played and the club automatically qualified to the next round. The following rounds were played over two legs and the away goals rule was used.


1998 Copenhagen Open
The 1998 Copenhagen Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Copenhagen, Denmark that was part of the International Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament and was held from 9 March until 15 March 1998. Magnus Gustafsson won the singles title.


1998 Copenhagen Open, Finals, Doubles
Tom Kempers /  Menno Oosting defeated  Brett Steven /  Jan Siemerink, 6–4, 7–6.


1998 Copenhagen Open – Doubles
The 1998 Copenhagen Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Copenhagen, Denmark that was part of the International Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament and was held from March 9 through March 15, 1998.


1998 Copenhagen Open – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1998 Copenhagen Open – Singles
The 1998 Copenhagen Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Copenhagen, Denmark that was part of the International Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament and was held from March 9 through March 15, 1998.


1998 Copenhagen Open – Singles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1998 Coppa Italia Final
The 1998 Coppa Italia Final was the final of the 1997–98 Coppa Italia, the 51st season of the top cup competition in Italian football. The match was played over two legs on 8 and 29 April 1998 between Milan and Lazio. The final was won by Lazio, who claimed their second Coppa Italia title with a 3–2 aggregate victory.


1998 Cordillera autonomy plebiscite
The 1998 Cordillera Autonomy plebiscite was held on March 7, 1998. In the plebiscite, the people of Cordillera were asked if they wanted to be autonomous region under Republic Act No. 8438. The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) consists of the provinces of Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province and Apayao.


1998 Cordillera autonomy plebiscite, Results
Majority of Cordillera voters rejected the plan to be an autonomous region. For them, it will affect their families, livelihood, and cause terrorism due to Conrado Balweg and the New People's Army (NPA).


1998 Cordillera autonomy plebiscite, Results
Only Apayao voted for autonomy, but due to the Supreme Court decision in 1990 disallowing an autonomous region composed of only one province, the autonomous region was not created. Because of the plebiscite, President Fidel V. Ramos amended the autonomous region proposal to a regular administrative region before he finished his term of office.


1998 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1998 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 89th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the opening fixtures took place on 14 December 1997. The championship began on 20 June 1998 and ended on 8 November 1998.


1998 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
On 8 November 1998, Castlelyons won the championship after a 2-12 to 2-09 defeat of Killeagh in the final at Páirc Uí Chaoimh. It was their first championship title in the grade.


1998 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
Killeagh's Joe Deane was the championship's top scorer with 3-24.


1998 Cork Junior A Hurling Championship
The 1998 Cork Junior A Hurling Championship was the 101st staging of the Cork Junior A Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The championship began on 27 September 1998 and ended on 15 November 1998.


1998 Cork Junior A Hurling Championship
On 15 November 1998, Bride Rovers won the championship following a 2–10 to 0–13 defeat of Freemount in the final at Páirc Uí Chaoimh. It remains their only championship title.


1998 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1998 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 110th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening fixtures took place on 14 December 1997. The championship began on 1 May 1998 and ended on 4 October 1998.


1998 Cork Senior Football Championship
Beara entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Nemo Rangers in a second round replay.


1998 Cork Senior Football Championship
On 4 October 1998, Bantry Blues won the championship following a 0-17 to 2-06 defeat of Duhallow in the final. This was their second championship title overall and their first title since 1995.


1998 Cork Senior Football Championship
Duhallow's Mark O'Sullivan was the championship's top scorer with 5-20.


1998 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1998 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 110th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening fixtures took place on 14 December 1997. The championship ended on 1 November 1998.


1998 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
On 1 November 1998, Imokilly won the championship following a 1-10 to 1-05 defeat of Blackrock in the final. This was their second championship title overall and their second in succession. It was the third year in-a-row that the championship title went to a divisional side.


1998 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
Brian Cunningham of St. Finbarr's was the championship's top scorer with 3-23.


1998 Cork South-Central by-election
A by-election was held in the Dáil Éireann Cork South-Central constituency in Ireland on 23 October 1998. It followed the death of  Fine Gael Teachta Dála (TD) Hugh Coveney on 14 March 1998.


1998 Cork South-Central by-election
The election was won by Simon Coveney of Fine Gael and son of Hugh Coveney. The other candidates being Sinead Behan for Fianna Fáil, Cork City Councillor and former TD Toddy O'Sullivan for the Labour Party, Cork City Councillor Dan Boyle for the Green Party, Henry Cremin for Sinn Féin, Peter Kelly for the Progressive Democrats, Benny Cooney as an Independent, Brian McEnery for Natural Law and Jim Tallon as an Independent.


1998 Cork South-Central by-election
Dan Boyle would go on to represent the constituency as a TD in the future.


1998 Cornell Big Red football team
The 1998 Cornell Big Red football team was an American football team that represented Cornell University during the 1998 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Cornell tied for second-to-last in the Ivy League.


1998 Cornell Big Red football team
In its first season under head coach Pete Mangurian, the team compiled a 4–6 record and was outscored 200 to 159. John Hanson and Mike Hood were team captains.


1998 Cornell Big Red football team
Cornell's 1–6 conference record tied for seventh place in the Ivy League standings. The Big Red were outscored 147 to 96 by Ivy opponents.


1998 Cornell Big Red football team
Cornell played its home games at Schoellkopf Field in Ithaca, New York.


1998 Costa Rican general election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 1 February 1998. Miguel Ángel Rodríguez of the Social Christian Unity Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 70%, the lowest since the 1950s.


1998 Costa Rican general election
An economic recession, a teachers' strike due to a pensions' reform and some corruption scandals made President José María Figueres' government highly unpopular. Thus, government endorsed candidate José Miguel Corrales tried to distance himself from Figueres as much as possible. Corrales won over former President of Congress Jorge Walter Coto Molina in PLN's primaries but the discovery of Voter fraud damaged PLN's image and split the party.


1998 Costa Rican general election
On the contrary in PUSC, previous candidate Miguel Ángel Rodríguez was seen as the natural nominee for this election, and despite the fact that deputy Luis Fishman was rumored as a possible internal opponent, he finally declined and Rodríguez was nominated without the need of primaries, thus keeping the party united.


1998 Costa Rican general election
During Figueres' administration the so call  Figueres-Calderón Pact was signed between the leaders of the two main parties (and sons of the two caudillos of the 1948 civil war); him and Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier (Rodríguez political rival) to approve several mutually beneficial laws for both major parties, something that caused outrage among large segments of the population and started the downfall of the two-party system.


1998 Costa Rican general election, Results, Parliament
The country was for the time still under a heavy two-party system dynamics and the two main parties at the time; National Liberation Party and Social Christian Unity Party won most of the votes. Nevertheless, some third forces also won seats on the Parliament, among them left-wing Democratic Force won two seats. It was also the first time that liberal Libertarian Movement and Christian conservative Costa Rican Renewal won seats (one each) in the Parliament both for their future presidential candidates Otto Guevara and Justo Orozco respectively. The small party National Integration Party led by medic Walter Muñoz won its only seat in history until the 2018 election.


1998 Cotton Bowl Classic
The 1998 Southwestern Bell Cotton Bowl Classic was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1998, at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas, Texas. The Cotton Bowl Classic was part of the 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season. The bowl game featured the UCLA Bruins from the Pac-10 and the Texas A&M Aggies from the Big 12. The game was televised on CBS.