1992 Italian presidential election, Chronology
The huge wave of public indignation and anger for this crime forced the Parliament to quickly elect a new President and solve the political deadlock. On 25 May 1992 the President of the Chamber of Deputies Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, seen as a man above the parts and as a true defender of the republican institutions, was finally elected President and officially sworn in on 28 May 1992.


1992 J.League Cup
The J. League Cup 1992, officially the Yamasaki Nabisco Cup 1992, was the 18th edition of Japan soccer league cup tournament and the first edition under the current J. League Cup format. The championship started on September, and finished on November 23, 1992.


1992 J.League Cup Final
1992 J.League Cup Final was the 1st final of the J.League Cup competition. The final was played at National Stadium in Tokyo on November 23, 1992. Verdy Kawasaki won the championship.


1992 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team
The 1992 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team was an American football team that represented Jacksonville State University as a member of the Gulf South Conference (GSC) during the 1992 NCAA Division II football season. In their eighth year under head coach Bill Burgess, the team compiled a 12–1–1 record (5–0–1 against conference opponents) and won the GSC championship. The team advanced to the NCAA Division II playoffs and defeated Pittsburg State, 17–13, in the championship game.


1992 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team
Key players included halfback and return specialist Danny Lee who was named Small College Player of the Year by the Alabama Sports Writers Association and Football Gazette. Head coach Bill Burgess was also named national coach of the year. Assistant coaches included Charlie Maniscalco (offensive coordinator) and Roland Houston (defensive coordinator).


1992 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team
The team played its home games at Paul Snow Memorial Stadium in Jacksonville, Alabama.


1992 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation
The 1992 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation (Chinese: 1992年度十大勁歌金曲頒獎典禮) was held on January 1993. It is part of the Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation series held in Hong Kong.


1992 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation, Top 10 song awards
The top 10 songs (十大勁歌金曲) of 1992 are as follows.


1992 James Hardie 12 Hour
The 1992 James Hardie 12 Hour was an endurance race for production cars staged at the Mount Panorama Circuit, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia on 19 April 1992. Cars competed in six classes:


1992 James Hardie 12 Hour
Allan Grice and Brad Jones raced a Holden VP SS Ute (26th) sponsored by Akubra hats. Grice did his qualifying lap with a model of a blue cattle dog in the back of the ute. He entered the car due its V8 power and relatively light weight, though the weight distribution was such that he struggled with the handling of the car.


1992 Japan Football League, Second Division
Seino Unyu and Osaka Gas had been promoted automatically after winning the Regional Playoffs.


1992 Japan Series
The 1992 Japan Series was the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) championship series for the 1992 season. It was the 43rd Japan Series and featured the Pacific League champion Seibu Lions against the Central League champion Yakult Swallows. Seibu won their third consecutive PL pennant in convincing fashion to reach the series, and Yakult finished the season atop the competitive CL for the first time since 1978. Played at Meiji Jingu Stadium and Seibu Lions Stadium, the Lions defeated the Swallows four games to three in the best-of-seven series to win the franchise's 11th Japan Series title. Seibu's Sawamura Award winner Takehiro Ishii was named Most Valuable Player of the series. The series was played between October 17 and October 26 with home field advantage going to the Central League.


1992 Japan national football team
This page records the details of the Japan national football team in 1992.


1992 Japanese Formula 3000 Championship
The 1992 Japanese Formula 3000 Championship was contested over 11 rounds. 21 different teams, 34 different drivers, 4 different chassis and 3 different engines competed.


1992 Japanese Formula 3000 Championship, Calendar
All races took place at venues located within the country of Japan.


1992 Japanese Formula 3000 Championship, Calendar
Note:Race 4 shortened because of a crash on Lap 27 between Hitoshi Ogawa and Andrew Gilbert Scott that killed Ogawa, past the 75% distance rule.


1992 Japanese Formula 3000 Championship, Final point standings, Driver
For every race points were awarded: 9 points to the winner, 6 for runner-up, 4 for third place, 3 for fourth place, 2 for fifth place and 1 for sixth place. No additional points were awarded. The best 7 results count. One driver had a point deduction, which are given in ().


1992 Japanese Formula 3000 Championship, Complete overview
R25=retired, but classified R=retired NC=not classified NS=did not start NQ=did not qualify DIS=disqualified (21)=place after practice, but grid position not held free


1992 Japanese Grand Prix
The 1992 Japanese Grand Prix (formally the XVIII Fuji Television Japanese Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held at Suzuka on 25 October 1992. It was the fifteenth race of the 1992 Formula One World Championship.


1992 Japanese Grand Prix
The 53-lap race was won by Italian driver Riccardo Patrese, driving a Williams-Renault. It was Patrese's sixth and final Grand Prix victory, and the last win for an Italian driver for over a decade, until Giancarlo Fisichella won the 2003 Brazilian Grand Prix. Austrian Gerhard Berger finished second in a McLaren-Honda, with Englishman Martin Brundle third in a Benetton-Ford.


1992 Japanese Grand Prix, Pre-race
Two driver changes took place before the race: Ferrari replaced Ivan Capelli with their test driver Nicola Larini, while Karl Wendlinger left March to join Sauber's preparatory program ahead of the Swiss team's debut in 1993. His place was taken by Jan Lammers, making his first F1 start for over 10 years.


1992 Japanese Grand Prix, Qualifying, Qualifying report
In qualifying, Williams' Nigel Mansell took his 13th pole position of the season, equalling the record set by Ayrton Senna in 1988 and 1989. Team-mate Riccardo Patrese was alongside him on the front row, while the McLarens of Senna and Gerhard Berger filled the second row. Michael Schumacher in the Benetton was fifth, followed by the two Lotuses of Johnny Herbert and Mika Häkkinen. The top ten was completed by Érik Comas in the Ligier, Andrea de Cesaris in the Tyrrell and Thierry Boutsen in the second Ligier.


1992 Japanese Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Mansell made a fast start and at the end of the first lap led Patrese by three seconds. Senna held on to third before becoming the race's first retirement on lap 3 with an engine failure. Meanwhile, Larini, who had qualified 11th, stalled on the grid and fell to last, while Boutsen's gearbox failed on lap 4. Olivier Grouillard in the second Tyrrell spun off and crashed at Spoon curve on lap 7.


1992 Japanese Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Berger made an early pit stop and rejoined the race in sixth place, behind Schumacher and the two Lotuses. On lap 13, Schumacher retired with gearbox failure, his only mechanical retirement of the year; Herbert's gearbox also failed two laps later. After the mid-race pit stops for tyres, Mansell retained a comfortable lead over Patrese, while Berger moved ahead of Häkkinen into third and Martin Brundle, who had only qualified 13th in the second Benetton, moved up to fifth ahead of Comas and de Cesaris. Maurício Gugelmin in the second Jordan had also spun off the track and crashed at 130R leaving debris on the track by lap 23.


1992 Japanese Grand Prix, Race, Race report
On lap 36, Mansell slowed and Patrese moved ahead. The following lap, Comas retired with an engine failure. The two Venturi Larousse cars collided at the chicanes as they were both on lap 40 at the time as Bertrand Gachot hit his Japanese teammate Ukyo Katayama and went off into the gravel trap, who managed to carry on and pit in for fresh tyres (despite making contact). On lap 45, both Mansell and Häkkinen suffered engine failures of their own; this moved Berger and Brundle into second and third respectively.


1992 Japanese Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Patrese cruised to his sixth and final Grand Prix victory, finishing 13 seconds ahead of Berger with Brundle a further minute back; the top six was completed by de Cesaris, Jean Alesi in the second Ferrari and Christian Fittipaldi, who scored his first point in Formula One and the only point of the season for the Minardi team.


1992 Japanese House of Councillors election
House of Councillors elections were held in Japan in 1992. Only half of the seats in the House of Councillors were up for election.


1992 Japanese Touring Car Championship
The 1992 Japanese Touring Car Championship season was the 8th edition of the series. It began at TI Circuit Aida on 15 March and finished after eight events at Fuji Speedway on 8 November. The championship was won by Masahiro Hasemi, driving for Hasemi Motorsport.


1992 Japanese Touring Car Championship, Championship Standings
Points were awarded 20, 15, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1 to the top 10 finishers in each class, with no bonus points for pole positions or fastest laps. All scores counted towards the championship. In cases where teammates tied on points, the driver who completed the greater distance during the season was given the higher classification.


1992 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1992 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix was the first round of the 1992 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 27–29 March 1992 at the Suzuka Circuit.


1992 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Wet race. Wayne Rainey had to ride with an injured hand from a pre-season test (part of his pinky was removed).


1992 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
John Kocinski was on pole, and took the lead at the start from Doug Chandler and Mick Doohan. Rainey had a bad start.


1992 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Àlex Crivillé crashed out of his debut 500cc race; Wayne Gardner crashes out, as did Rainey at the Dunlop Corner.


1992 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Chandler took the lead of a 4-man group with Schwantz, Doohan and Kocinski. Kocinski crashed out.


1992 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Doohan and Chandler dropped Schwantz. Gardner had remounted and gotten to 5th before crashing out for good a second time and breaking his leg in two places.


1992 John Hancock Bowl
The 1992 John Hancock Bowl was college football bowl game played on December 31, 1992 at Sun Bowl Stadium in El Paso, Texas. The game pitted the Baylor Bears against the Arizona Wildcats. It was final contest of the 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season for both teams, and ended in a 20–15 victory for Baylor. It was also the final game for Grant Teaff, the long-time Baylor coach, who previously announced his retirement. This was the fourth game in the sponsorship contract with John Hancock Insurance for the game formerly known as the Sun Bowl.


1992 Jordan International Tournament
The 1992 Jordan International Tournament was an international friendly soccer tournament . Matches were held in Amman and Arbid, held from 18–28 August 1992.


1992 Junior League World Series
The 1992 Junior League World Series took place from August 17–22 in Taylor, Michigan, United States. Tucson, Arizona defeated Lake Charles, Louisiana twice in the championship game.


1992 Junior Pan American Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 1992 Junior Pan American Artistic Gymnastics Championships was held in São Paulo, Brazil, December 8–14, 1992.


1992 Junior Pan American Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships
The 1992 Junior Pan American Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships was held in São Paulo, Brazil, December 8–14, 1992.


1992 K League
The 1992 Korean Professional Football League was the tenth season of K League since its establishment in 1983.


1992 Kansas City Chiefs season
The 1992 Kansas City Chiefs season was the franchise's 23rd season in the National Football League and the 33rd overall. The Chiefs matched their 10–6 record from 1991, but were shut out by the San Diego Chargers 17–0 in the Wild Card round.


1992 Kansas City Chiefs season
Former Seattle Seahawks quarterback Dave Krieg played well for the Chiefs passing for 3,115 yards. Defense would be the key for the Chiefs third straight playoff berth as Derrick Thomas and Neil Smith recorded 14.5 sacks each.


1992 Kansas City Chiefs season
During the season; the Chiefs wore a "WWD" patch on their jerseys in tribute to vice president of player personnel Whitey Dovell, who died in May 1992.


1992 Kansas City Chiefs season, Notable events
The Chiefs' Week 6 win against the Eagles ended the longest ever gap between two NFL teams meeting, it was the first occasion the Chiefs had opposed the Eagles since October 22, 1972, and only their second-ever matchup. This occurred because in previous seasons when the AFC West and NFC East met each other, either the Chiefs or the Eagles (but never both) finished in fifth position and did not play the ordinary set of interconference games.


1992 Kansas City Chiefs season, Notable events, Game summaries, Week 11: vs. Washington Redskins
Starting QBs: WAS=Mark Rypien vs. KC=Dave KriegHead Coach: WAS=Joe Gibbs vs KC=Marty Schottenheimer


1992 Kansas City Royals season
The 1992 Kansas City Royals season  was a season in American baseball. It involved the Royals finishing 5th in the American League West with a record of 72 wins and 90 losses.


1992 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1992 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1992 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1992 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1992 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1992 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The 1992 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season. They participated as members of the Big 8 Conference and were coached by head coach Glen Mason. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas.


1992 Kansas State Wildcats football team
The 1992 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team's head football coach was Bill Snyder. The Wildcats played their home games in KSU Stadium. The 1992 season saw the Wildcats finish with a record of 5–6, and a 2–5 record in Big Eight Conference play. The season ended with a loss against Nebraska in the 1992 Coca-Cola Classic. This was not considered a post-season game.


1992 Kansas State Wildcats football team
The team played a Thursday night game on ESPN on November 5, 1992, against Iowa State. The Wildcats had their first undefeated home season (5–0) since 1934.


1992 Karl Schäfer Memorial
The 1992 Vienna Cup took place from September 24 through 27, 1992. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and ice dancing.


1992 Kavel state by-election
A by-election was held for the South Australian House of Assembly seat of Kavel on 9 May 1992. This was triggered by the resignation of former state Liberal Deputy Premier Eric Roger Goldsworthy. The seat had been retained by the Liberals since it was created and first contested at the 1970 state election. The by-election was held on the same day as the Alexandra by-election.


1992 Kavel state by-election, Results
Call to Australia, who contested the previous election and gained 5.1 percent, did not contest the by-election. The Liberals retained the seat.


1992 Kazakhstan Cup
The 1992 Kazakhstan Cup was the first season of the Kazakhstan Cup, the annual nationwide football cup competition of Kazakhstan since the independence of the country. The competition began on 8 May 1992, and ended with the final in August 1992.


1992 Kazakhstan Cup Final
The 1992 Kazakhstan Cup Final was first final of the Kazakhstan Cup. The match was contested by Kairat and Fosfor at Central Stadium in Almaty. The match was played on 8 August 1992 and was the final match of the competition.


1992 Kazakhstan Cup Final, Background
Kazakhstan Cup Final became the first final for clubs Kairat and Fosfor.


1992 Kazakhstan Cup Final, Background
Kairat and Fosfor were played twice during the season of league. In both matches with the score 2:1 won Kairat.


1992 Kazakhstan Premier League
The 1992 Kazakhstan Top Division was the inaugural season of the Top Division, now called the Kazakhstan Premier League, the highest football league competition in Kazakhstan.


1992 Kazakhstan Premier League, League format
Originally planned 25 teams in total. But withdrawal of Metallurg after couple of games and which results were annulled cut Group A one team fewer.


1992 Kazakhstan Premier League, League format
It was split into two stages. In first stage two groups of 11 and 13 teams were formed. In second stage the best seven teams of each group joined together to play in a final group for positions 1 to 14. The rest of the teams played in a group for positions 15 to 24. Teams played against each other on home-away basis in their groups. Final standings of teams did not count the results of the first stage.


1992 Kazakhstan Premier League, League format, Teams in the 1991 Soviet football season
Teams without the Soviet status of "teams of masters" (professional teams)


1992 Kent Classic
The 1992 Kent Classic was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 26 and 30 August 1992 at the Hiadian Stadium in Beijing, China. John Parrott won the title, defeating Stephen Hendry 6–5 in the final, and received £25,000 prize money from a total prize fund of £100,000.


1992 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
The 1992 Kent State Golden Flashes football team was an American football team that represented Kent State University  in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their second season under head coach Pete Cordelli, the Golden Flashes compiled a 2–9 record (2–7 against MAC opponents), finished in eighth place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 301 to 133.


1992 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
The team's statistical leaders included Troy Robinson with 422 rushing yards, Kevin Shuman with 1,518 passing yards, and Jimmie Woody with 714 receiving yards.


1992 Kentucky Derby
The 1992 Kentucky Derby was the 118th running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 2, 1992. There were 132,543 in attendance. The eighth-place finish of odds-on favorite Arazi was the worst finish of a betting favorite in Derby history.


1992 Kentucky Wildcats football team
The 1992 Kentucky Wildcats football team represented the University of Kentucky in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their third season under head coach Bill Curry, the Wildcats compiled a 4–7 record (2–6 against SEC opponents), finished in fifth place in the Eastern Division of the SEC, and were outscored by their opponents, 280 to 207. The team played its home games in Commonwealth Stadium in Lexington, Kentucky.


1992 Kentucky Wildcats football team
The team's statistical leaders included Pookie Jones with 1,434 passing yards, Terry Samuels with 380 rushing yards, and Tim Calvert with 330 receiving yards.


1992 Kenyan general election
General elections were held in Kenya on 29 December 1992. Voters elected the President, and members of the National Assembly. They were the first multi-party general elections in Kenya since independence and the first to feature a direct vote for the President, who had, in 1964, been elected by the National Assembly, and, following a 1969 constitutional amendment, been automatically declared winner of non-held popular elections, held alongside parliamentary elections, in 1969, 1974, 1979, 1983, and 1988.


1992 Kenyan general election
The results were marred by allegations of large-scale intimidation of opponents, harassment of election officials, and ballot-box stuffing, as well as targeted ethnic violence in the Rift Valley Province. Human Rights Watch accused several prominent Kenyan politicians, including President Daniel arap Moi and then-VP George Saitoti of inciting and co-ordinating the violence. Voter turnout was 69.4%.


1992 Kenyan general election, Background
In 1991, Kenya transitioned to a multiparty political system after 26 years of single-party rule under KANU. On 28 October 1992, president Moi dissolved parliament, five months before the end of his term. As a result, preparations began for all elective seats in parliament as well as the president. The elections were scheduled to take place on 7 December 1992, but delays led to its postponement to 29 December the same year.


1992 Kenyan general election, Results, National Assembly
Following the elections, Moi nominated a further 12 KANU members to the National Assembly.


1992 Kenyan general election, Aftermath
In the aftermath of the election, Kenya suffered an economic crisis propagated by ethnic violence as the president was accused of rigging electoral results to retain power. In the next five years, many political alliances were formed in preparation for the next elections. In 1994, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga died and several coalitions joined his FORD Kenya party to form a new party called United National Democratic Alliance. However, this party was plagued with disagreements. In 1996, KANU revised the constitution to allow Moi to remain president for another term.


1992 Kenyan general election, Aftermath
In 1993 Kenneth Matiba filed a petition against the election results. However, his failure to personally sign the petition resulted in the petition being struck out by Justice Riaga Omolo. Matiba, was physically incapacitated and had given his wife power of attorney. In 2012, Justice Omolo was declared unfit to serve in the judiciary by the Judges and Magistrates Vetting Board over this decision.


1992 Kids' Choice Awards
The 6th Annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was held on November 14, 1992, at Universal Studios Hollywood. Holly Robinson, Brian Austin Green, and Tori Spelling hosted the show. The show honored the kids' favorites in movies, television, music, sports, and others from 1991. This would be the last KCA broadcast until the 1994 show, as the network didn't air a show in 1993.


1992 Kids' Choice Awards
This was the first Kids' Choice Awards ceremony to be held live.


1992 Kids' Choice Awards, Performers
The cast of Roundhouse performed during the opening and closing of the show.


1992 Kids' Choice Awards, Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first, in bold. Other nominees are in alphabetical order.


1992 Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1992 Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 28th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.


1992 Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championship
On 18 October 1992, Young Irelands won the championship after a 2-12 to 1-07 defeat of Conahy Shamrocks in the final at Nowlan Park. It remains their only intermediate championship title.


1992 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1992 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 98th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board since 1887. The championship began on 4 July 1992 and ended on 11 October 1992.


1992 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
Ballyhale Shamrocks were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Clara at the quarter-final stage. Graignamanagh were relegated from the championship after seven seasons.


1992 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
On 11 October 1992, Glenmore won the championship after a 1-14 to 2-06 defeat of Tullaroan in the final. It was their third championship title overall and their first title in two championship seasons.


1992 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
Glenmore's Ray Heffernan was the championship's top scorer with 1-32.


1992 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship, New format
On 13 January 1992, a new championship format was approved by a considerable 40-11 vote at a special meeting of the Kilkenny County Board. The old group stage and knock-out format was abolished in favour of the creation of a new Kilkenny Senior Hurling League. comprising 12 teams divided into two groups of six, to be followed by a straight knock-out championship. Both competitions were linked as the top two teams from each league group received byes to the quarter-finals of the championship. The remaining eight teams entered the first round proper of the championship, with the four losing teams contesting the relegation play-offs.


1992 Kilmarnock and Loudoun District Council election
Elections to the Kilmarnock and Loudoun District Council took place in May 1992, alongside elections to the councils of Scotland's various other districts. The Labour party finished with the most seats, however, the SNP won the popular vote.


1992 Kincardine and Deeside District Council election
Elections to the Kincardine and Deeside District Council took place in May 1992, alongside elections to the councils of Scotland's various other districts.


1992 King Fahd Cup
The 1992 King Fahd Cup (Arabic: كأس الملك فهد), named after Fahd of Saudi Arabia, was the first association football tournament of the competition that would later be known as the FIFA Confederations Cup. It was hosted by Saudi Arabia in October 1992, and was won by Argentina, who beat Saudi Arabia 3–1 in the final. The 1992 tournament was the only one not to feature a group stage and only featured four nations.


1992 King Fahd Cup, Venue
All matches were played at the 67,000-capacity King Fahd II Stadium in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.


1992 King Fahd Cup, Statistics, Goalscorers
With two goals, Gabriel Batistuta and Bruce Murray were the top scorers in the tournament. In total, 18 goals were scored by 16 different players, with none of them credited as own goal.


1992 King Fahd Cup, Statistics, Tournament ranking
Per statistical convention in football, matches decided in extra time are counted as wins and losses, while matches decided by penalty shoot-outs are counted as draws.


1992 King Fahd Cup Final
The 1992 King Fahd Cup Final was a football match to determine the winners of the 1992 King Fahd Cup. The match was held at King Fahd II Stadium, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on 20 October 1992 and was contested by Argentina and Saudi Arabia. Argentina won the match 3–1. For Saudi Arabia, this appearance meant they were the first Asian team to reach the final of a major FIFA tournament.


1992 King Fahd Cup Final, Match details
Assistant referees: Rodrigo Badilla Sequeira (Costa Rica) Jamal Al Sharif (Syria)


1992 King Fahd Cup final tournament
The final tournament of the 1992 King Fahd Cup began on 15 October and concluded on 20 October 1992 with the final at the King Fahd II Stadium, Riyadh. A third-place match was included and played between the two losing teams of the semi-finals.


1992 King Fahd Cup final tournament
In the knockout stage (including the final), if a match was level at the end of 90 minutes, extra time of two periods (15 minutes each) would be played. If the score was still level after extra time, the match would be decided by a penalty shoot-out.


1992 King Fahd Cup final tournament, Final
The 1992 King Fahd Cup Final was held at King Fahd II Stadium, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on 20 October 1992. The match was contested by Argentina and the hosts, Saudi Arabia. Argentina won their first King Fahd Cup/Confederations Cup title.


1992 King Fahd Cup squads
Below are the rosters for the 1992 King Fahd Cup tournament in Saudi Arabia.


1992 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes
The 1992 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes was a horse race held at Ascot Racecourse on Saturday 25 July 1992. It was the 42nd running of the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes.


1992 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes
The winner was Virginia Kraft Payson's St Jovite, a three-year-old bay colt trained in Ireland by Jim Bolger and ridden by Stephen Craine. St Jovite's victory gave his owner, trainer and jockey their first win in the race and was the first for a horse trained in Ireland since The Minstrel in 1977.


1992 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes, The race
The race attracted a field of eight runners: seven from the United Kingdom and one from Ireland. There were no challengers from continental Europe. The Irish-trained contender was St Jovite, who had finished second in the Epsom Derby before winning the Irish Derby by twelve lengths in record time. Michael Stoute's Newmarket stable sent three runners: the Coronation Cup winner Saddler's Hall, the Brigadier Gerard Stakes winner Opera House and the five-year-old Rock Hopper, twice winner of the Hardwicke Stakes and runner-up to Generous in the 1991 King George.


1992 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes, The race
The other contenders were Silver Wisp (third in the Epsom Derby), Jeune (Predominate Stakes, later to win the Melbourne Cup), Sapience (Ebor Handicap, Princess of Wales's Stakes, Jockey Club Stakes) and Terimon (1991 International Stakes). St Jovite headed the betting at odds of 4/5 ahead of Saddler's Hall (7/2), Silver Wisp (8/1) and Jeune (10/1).


1992 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes, The race
Craine sent St Jovite into the lead from the start and set the pace from Sapience, Opera House and Saddler's Hall. Opera House moved up in to second place at half way, but St Jovite maintained his advantage and led the field into the straight from Opera House, Sapience, Jeune and Saddler's Hall. St Jovite was never in danger of defeat, accelerating clear of his opponents in the last quarter mile to win by six lengths. Saddler's Hall took second place, just ahead of Opera House, Sapience and Rock Hopper. There was a gap of eight lengths back to Terimon, who finished ahead of Silver Wisp, with Jeune in last place


1992 Kirkcaldy District Council election
Elections to the Kirkcaldy District Council took place in May 1992, alongside elections to the councils of Scotland's various other districts.


1992 Korean League Cup
Korean League Cup 1992, known as Adidas Cup 1992 due to the competition's sponsorship. The winner was Ilhwa Chunma, now known as Seongnam FC.


1992 Kosovan general election
General elections were held in Kosovo on 24 May 1992 to elect a President and Assembly. The overwhelming majority in the Assembly was won by the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK), while its leader Ibrahim Rugova was elected President of Kosovo.


1992 Kosovan general election
Prior to the elections, on 8 May the LDK declared that, "since the May 24 elections, announced by the Assembly of the Republic of Kosova, not as a struggle of Kosovo political parties for power, but as an organized and massive attempt to not accept the power structures and the status that Serbia is trying to impose on us, the LDK will try to campaign, organize and conduct elections to develop in the spirit of full cooperation, in different ways and forms, between all political parties and other political entities ”.


1992 Kosovan general election, Conduct
The elections were monitored by eight groups of observers from the United States and European countries. Konrad Hubers, who led the Delegation of the American Congress Foundation for Human Rights, assessed that these elections are a historic moment for Kosovo.


1992 Kosovan general election, Conduct
The Serbian government declared the elections illegal and deployed a large number of police officers to put pressure on and disrupt the election process. However, 89.32 percent of voters took part in the voting and 99.7 percent of them voted for Ibrahim Rugova as president.


1992 Kosovan general election, Results
The elections were attended mainly by Albanians and Turks, while the Serb-Montenegrin minority had a small turnout. According to the constitution and the electoral system, 14 seats, or 10 percent of them, belonged to Serb candidates who boycotted the election process. But these seats remained unfulfilled all the time, as the right of the Serb minority to administer them. Such an act was not undertaken by threatening and coercive factors, rather it was an expression of the philosophy of peace and international law for the respect of minority rights. Meanwhile, it was an act by which the Albanians proved the difference with Milosevic's policy in treating the Serb-Montenegrins minority.


1992 Kosovan general election, Results, President
The presidential elections were held in both Kosovo and abroad in places where Kosovo Albanians were employed. In Kosovo, 762,257 voters voted for Ibrahim Rugova for President of Kosovo (invalid ballots and "against" were 3812), while 105,300 voters voted outside Kosovo.


1992 Kosovan general election, Results, Assembly
The Democratic League of Kosovo received 76% of the vote and won 96 seats in parliament. The Parliamentary Party of Kosovo received 4.86%, winning 13 seats. It was followed by the Peasant Party and the Albanian Christian Democratic Party of Kosovo with just over 23,000 votes and seven seats each.. The 13 seats for Serbs and Montenegrins were unfilled.


1992 Kosovan general election, Aftermath
The new Assmebly first attempted to be constituted on 23 July, secretly in an Islamic religious school in Pristina, but was blocked at the school entrance by numerous heavily armed police forces. Five deputies were arrested and sentenced to two months in prison, "for hostile activity against the territory of the Republic of Serbia and violation of its constitution." Therefore, the Kosovo Parliament conducted its work in working groups, mainly in exile, in Albania and Macedonia, where the deputies were forced to flee, after being threatened by the repressive measures of the Serbian state, which these deputies had declared illegitimate in the territory of Kosovo.


1992 Kremlin Cup
The 1992 Kremlin Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 3rd edition of the Kremlin Cup, and was part of the International Series of the 1992 ATP Tour. It took place at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Commonwealth of Independent States, from 9 November through 15 November 1992. Eighth-seeded Marc Rosset won the singles title.


1992 Kremlin Cup, Finals, Doubles
Marius Barnard /  John-Laffnie de Jager defeated  David Adams /  Andrei Olhovskiy, 6–4, 3–6, 7–6


1992 Kremlin Cup – Doubles
Eric Jelen and Carl-Uwe Steeb were the defending champions, but Jelen did not participate this year. Steeb partnered Patrik Kühnen, losing in the first round.


1992 Kremlin Cup – Doubles
Marius Barnard and John-Laffnie de Jager won the title, defeating David Adams and Andrei Olhovskiy 6–4, 3–6, 7–6 in the final.


1992 Kremlin Cup – Singles
Andrei Cherkasov was the defending champion, but  lost to Cédric Pioline in the quarterfinal. Marc Rosset won in the final 6–2, 6–2 against Carl-Uwe Steeb.


1992 Kroger St. Jude International – Singles
Ivan Lendl was the defending champion but did not play in the tournament.


1992 Ku-ring-gai state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Ku-ring-gai on Saturday, 22 August 1992.


1992 Ku-ring-gai state by-election
It was triggered by the resignation on 24 June 1992 of Liberal Party Premier, Nick Greiner, after the scandal known as the 'Metherell affair'. The seat was subsequently won by Stephen O'Doherty of the Liberal Party. However the Liberals suffered a 14% drop in their primary vote, and a 17% drop in their two party preferred vote.


1992 Ku-ring-gai state by-election, Background
The seat of Ku-ring-gai, a traditionally safe Liberal seat, was held since 1980 by Nick Greiner, who had been Premier of New South Wales since 1988. However, with the hung parliament result of the 1991 election, Greiner's performance in government had become dependent on the support of the few independent members of the legislative assembly. With the resignation from the party of former minister Terry Metherell in October 1991, the government's majority became even tighter. The government subsequently created a job for Metherell, a position with the Environment Protection Agency, which he accepted, effectively engineering a vacancy in a seat the Liberal Party would recover at a by-election.


1992 Ku-ring-gai state by-election, Background
While the Liberal Party won the by-election, there was a much higher cost. Because the Greiner government was in a minority, it could not prevent the Legislative Assembly referring the matter of Metherell's appointment to the Independent Commission Against Corruption, which made findings of corruption. These findings were eventually ruled by the Supreme Court of New South Wales as being outside the powers of the ICAC to make, but by then Premier Greiner had already resigned as Premier and an MP after the four independent MPs threatened to bring down the government if Greiner stayed in office.


1992 Ku-ring-gai state by-election, Results
The Liberal Party retained the seat, despite a 2PP swing of 17%. The Liberal candidate, Journalist Stephen O'Doherty, was declared the winner against Independent Candidate, Mick Gallagher. The Labor Party did not field a candidate.


1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election
On 19 May 1992 elections were held to the Kurdistan National Assembly, the parliament of the Kurdistan Region in Iraq. At the time, the National Assembly had 105 seats, of which 5 were reserved for the Assyrian community. Parties had to achieve more than 7% of the vote to be elected. There were 178 polling stations around the region.


1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election
The election resulted in a narrow victory for the Kurdish Democratic Party, which won 51 seats, its main rival, the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan's Alliance won 49 seats. However, due to fraud allegations KDP gave up one seat to the PUK so that each would have 50 seats, they proceeded to form a unity government which lasted until May 1994, when the Kurdish Civil War broke out.


1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election
On 4 June 1992, KDP Secretary General Jawhar Namiq Salim was elected Speaker of the Kurdistan National Assembly and prominent PUK member Fuad Masum was elected Prime Minister of Kurdistan Region.


1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election, Governorate breakdown, Dahuk Governorate
Note: Dahuk included the Aqrah and Shekhan Districts which were officially part of Nineveh Governorate.


1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election, Governorate breakdown, Erbil Governorate
Note: The Makhmour district was at this time still under control of the Iraqi government, no elections were held there.


1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election, Governorate breakdown, Diyala Governorate
Only two areas in the Diyala Governorate were under Kurdish control: Darbandikhan and Khanaqin.


1992 Kurdistan Region presidential election
On May 19, 1992, both Presidential elections and 1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election were held. During the first round Presidential elections Kurdistan Democratic Party leader Massoud Barzani won slightly more votes than his main rival Jalal Talabani, the leader of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, however neither won a majority of votes, which was required to become President. Due to both leaders fearing they might lose in a run-off, the second round was never held and the Kurdistan Regional Government decided to move on without a President. Instead they established an 8-man Presidency Council consisting of four members of each party.


1992 Kurdistan Region presidential election
Meanwhile, they agreed on a power sharing agreement in the Kurdistan Parliament and Council of Ministers. This power-sharing agreement broke down in 1994 and resulted in a civil war that lasted until 1998, after which Kurdistan Region was divided into a PUK-controlled zone in the southeast and a KDP-controlled zone in the northwest.


1992 Kuwaiti general election
General elections were held in Kuwait on 20 October 1992. A total of 275 candidates contested the election, which saw independents win the largest number of seats, and candidates opposed to the government win a total of 31 seats. Voter turnout was 83.2%.


1992 Kuwaiti general election, Background
As a result of increasing conflict between the Kuwaiti ruling family and the elected parliament, the Kuwaiti parliament had been disbanded in 1986, so when Saddam Hussein's Iraqi troops annexed the country, there was no parliament. The USA, supported by the international community, made its support to the Kuwaiti ruling family conditional on the restoration of democracy, which was agreed to by Kuwait in the Jeddah conference of October 1990.


1992 Kuwaiti general election, Electoral system
Kuwaitis who could not trace their ancestry to 1920, as well as women, were not eligible to vote. This resulted in limiting qualified voters to a mere 14% of the country’s nationals, or 81,440 voters.


1992 Kvalserien
The 1992 Kvalserien was the 18th edition of the Kvalserien. It determined which team of the participating ones would play in the 1992–93 Elitserien season and which three teams would play in the 1992–93 Swedish Division 1 season.


1992 Kyle and Carrick District Council election
Elections to the Kyle and Carrick District Council took place in May 1992, alongside elections to the councils of Scotland's various other districts.


1992 Kyrgyzstan League
The 1992 Kyrgyzstan League was the 1st season of Kyrgyzstan League, after independence from the Soviet Union, the Football Federation of Kyrgyz Republic's top division of association football. Alga Bishkek were the inaugural champions. Twelve teams participated in the inaugural season.


1992 Kyrgyzstan League
After the season, Ala Too Naryn, who finished in 12th place and Namys APK Talas, who finished in 9th place, were removed from the league. They were replaced by Ysy Kol Karakol, Shumkar SKIF Bishkek, Han Tengri Kant,Shakhtyor Task Kumyr, Maksat Belovodskoye, and Uchkun Kara Suu. The leading goal scorer for the season was Igor Sergeyev. He scored 26 goals for SKA Dostuk Sokuluk.


1992 L.League
Statistics of L. League in the 1992 season. Yomiuri Nippon SC Ladies Beleza won the championship.


1992 LPGA Championship
The 1992 LPGA Championship was the 38th LPGA Championship, played May 14–17 at Bethesda Country Club in Bethesda, Maryland, a suburb northwest of Washington, D.C.


1992 LPGA Championship
Betsy King won the fifth of her six major titles, eleven strokes ahead of runners-up JoAnne Carner, Liselotte Neumann, and Karen Noble. She led by five strokes after 54 holes, and her victory margin was the largest to date, passing Patty Sheehan's ten-stroke win in 1984, and it stood until 2010. King was the first to card all four rounds in the sixties in an LPGA major; it was her only win at the LPGA Championship.


1992 LPGA Championship
This was the third of four consecutive LPGA Championships at Bethesda Country Club.


1992 LPGA Tour
The 1992 LPGA Tour was the 43rd season since the LPGA Tour officially began in 1950. The season ran from January 30 to November 8. The season consisted of 34 official money events. Dottie Mochrie won the most tournaments, four. She also led the money list with earnings of $693,335.


1992 LPGA Tour
There were eight first-time winners in 1992: Brandie Burton, Dawn Coe, Florence Descampe, Dana Lofland, Sherri Steinhauer, Kris Tschetter, Lisa Walters, and Jennifer Wyatt.


1992 LPGA Tour, Tournament results
The following table shows all the official money events for the 1992 season. "Date" is the ending date of the tournament. The numbers in parentheses after the winners' names are the number of wins they had on the tour up to and including that event. Majors are shown in bold.


1992 LSU Tigers football team
The 1992 LSU Tigers football team represented Louisiana State University in the 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season. LSU finished with a 2–9 overall record (1–7 in SEC play), the lowest winning percentage in school history. The team played their home games at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. They were coached by head coach Curley Hallman, whose two year record stood at 7–15.


1992 La Flèche Wallonne
The 1992 La Flèche Wallonne was the 56th edition of La Flèche Wallonne cycle race and was held on 15 April 1992. The race started in Spa and finished in Huy. The race was won by Giorgio Furlan of the Ariostea team.


1992 Labatt Brier
The 1992 Labatt Brier was held from March 8 to 15 at the Agridome in Regina, Saskatchewan.


1992 Labatt Brier
Vic Peters of Manitoba defeated Russ Howard of Ontario in the final in an extra end to win his first and only Brier of his career.


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Kevin Martin Third: Kevin Park Second: Dan Petryk Lead: Don Bartlett Alternate: Jules Owchar


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Jim Armstrong Third: Ron Thompson Second: Greg Monkman Lead: Ed Fowler Alternate: Brad Giles


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Vic Peters Third: Dan Carey Second: Chris Neufeld Lead: Don Rudd Alternate: John Loxton


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Mike Kennedy Third: Brad Fitzherbert Second: Tom Harris Lead: Dave Coster Alternate: Geordie McGugan


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Glenn Goss Third: Geoff Cunningham Second: John Allan Lead: Neil Young Alternate: Toby McDonald


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Al Hackner Third: Larry Pineau Second: Brian Perozak Lead: Brian Adams Alternate: Gordon Tribe


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Dave Jones Third: Bruce Lohnes Second: Jeff Henderson Lead: Vance LeCocq Alternate: Don Cutcliffe


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Russ Howard Third: Glenn Howard Second: Wayne Middaugh Lead: Peter Corner Alternate: Larry Merkley


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Ted MacFadyen Third: Bill MacFadyen Second: Mike Coady Lead: Sandy Foy Alternate: Dave MacFadyen


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Ted Butler Third: Daniel Lemery Second: Andre Lafleur Lead: Louis Biron Alternate: Pierre Charette


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Brad Hebert Third: Warren Sharp Second: Bob Novakowski Lead: Kerry Gudereit Alternate: Jim Packet


1992 Labatt Brier, Teams
Skip : Steve Moss Third: Derek Elkin Second: Steve Van Dine Lead: Clayton Ravndal Alternate: Richard Robertson


1992 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election
Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet took place in July 1992. Shadow Cabinet elections generally take place at the beginning of a parliamentary session, but the 1992 vote was postponed until a new leader  was elected to replace Neil Kinnock. Under the rules then in effect, the Commons members of the Parliamentary Labour Party elected 18 members of the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet, who were then assigned portfolios by the leader. The Commons members of the PLP separately elected the Chief Whip, and the Labour peers elected the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Lords.


1992 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election
In addition, the Leader of the Labour Party and Deputy Leader (John Smith and Margaret Beckett, respectively) were members by virtue of those offices. The 18 elected members of the Shadow Cabinet were the ones with the largest number of votes, except that the three women with the most votes would be included in the 18, even if they were not among the top 18 based on the number of votes.


1992 Labour Party deputy leadership election
The 1992 Labour Party deputy leadership election followed the Labour Party's failure to win the 1992 general election and the subsequent resignation of deputy party leader Roy Hattersley. The ballot took place on 18 July 1992 at Labour Party Conference. Affiliated organisations had 40% of the vote, while Constituency Labour Parties and the Parliamentary Labour Party had 30% each in the electoral college.


1992 Labour Party deputy leadership election
The election took place simultaneously with the 1992 Labour Party leadership election.


1992 Labour Party leadership election
The 1992 Labour Party leadership election followed the Labour Party's failure to win the 1992 general election and the subsequent resignation of party leader Neil Kinnock.


1992 Labour Party leadership election
There were only two candidates in the election, with John Smith always the clear favourite to win. The ballot took place on 18 July 1992 at the Labour Party conference. Affiliated organisations had 40% of the vote, while Constituency Labour Parties and the Parliamentary Labour Party had 30% each in the electoral college. Gordon Brown and Robin Cook were both seen as potential candidates, but did not stand.


1992 Labour Party leadership election
John Smith was elected in a landslide victory with 91% of the vote. This was the last Labour Party leadership election which used the trade union block vote; the system was reformed under Smith's leadership to a one member, one vote system which was in place for the 1994 leadership election held two years later when Smith died suddenly of a heart attack.


1992 Labour Party leadership election
The contest took place simultaneously with the 1992 Labour Party deputy leadership election.


1992 Labour Party leadership election, Result
John Smith was elected leader of the Labour Party with a clear majority.


1992 Labour Party leadership election, Result
Shortly after Black Wednesday in September 1992, Labour's lead in the opinion polls began to rise. By the time of his sudden death, Smith was widely predicted and expected to become prime minister at the next general election.


1992 Labour Party leadership election, Result
In the event, he would only serve two years before his death, which precipitated another leadership election.


1992 Ladies European Tour
The 1992 Ladies European Tour was a series of golf tournaments for elite female golfers from around the world which took place in 1992. The tournaments were sanctioned by the Ladies European Tour (LET).


1992 Ladies European Tour, Tournaments
The table below shows the 1992 schedule. The numbers in brackets after the winners' names show the number of career wins they had on the Ladies European Tour up to and including that event. This is only shown for members of the tour.


1992 Lafayette Leopards football team
The 1992 Lafayette Leopards football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College during the 1992 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Leopards won the Patriot League championship.


1992 Lafayette Leopards football team
In their 12th year under head coach Bill Russo, the Leopards compiled an 8–3 record. Tom Kirchoff and Kevin McManus were the team captains.


1992 Lafayette Leopards football team
The Leopards outscored opponents 382 to 282. Their undefeated (5–0) conference record placed first in the six-team Patriot League standings.


1992 Lafayette Leopards football team
Lafayette played its home games at Fisher Field on College Hill in Easton, Pennsylvania.


1992 Lancashire Cup
The 1992 Lancashire Cup was the 80th and last occasion on which the Lancashire Cup completion was held. Wigan won the trophy by beating St. Helens by the score of 5-4 in the final.


1992 Lancashire Cup, Background
The failure of London Crusaders to enter, due primarily to financial pressures, resulted in the number of entrants this year decreasing by one to 16. This resulted in a full fixture list, with no requirement for a preliminary round, nor any “blank” or “dummy” fixtures or any byes.


1992 Lancashire Cup, Competition and Results, Final
The match was played at Knowsley Road, Eccleston, St Helens, Merseyside, (historically in the county of Lancashire). The attendance was 20,534.


1992 Lancashire Cup, Competition and Results, Final, Teams and Scorers
Scoring - Try = four (4) points - Goal = two (2) points - Drop goal = one (1) point


1992 Lancashire Cup, Notes and comments
1 * The attendance is given as 3,500 in the Widnes official archives - RUGBYLEAGUEproject gives it as 3,499|| 2 * The official Widnes archives give the attendance as 3,700 - RUGBYLEAGUEproject  data gives it as 3,7333 * St Helens won the toss for the home advantage 4 * Knowsley Road was the home ground of St. Helens from 1890 to 2010. The final capacity was in the region of 18,000, although the actual record attendance was 35,695, set on 26 December 1949, for a league game between St Helens and Wigan


1992 Lancashire Cup, Postscript
To date, this was the last season for the Lancashire (and Yorkshire) Cup competitions, which except for the break due to the two World Wars, had taken place annually since its inauguration in the 1905–06 season. It was fitting that the last name on the cup should be the same as the first,  that of Wigan, and that the last final should be between the two clubs which had the best records in the competition.


1992 Lancashire Cup, Postscript
It was only after the two county finals had been played that it was announced that the competitions were to be scrapped; news which came as a major surprise and shock to the fans. The reasons given by the ruling body, the Rugby Football League,  were that it was deemed the cup was adding to fixture congestion for more successful sides and also that a local county cup did not fit the modern image of Rugby League.


1992 Lancashire Cup, Postscript, Records from the Lancashire Cup competition, Entrants, number of final & semi-Final appearances by clubs, and years
This table lists all the semi-professional clubs which have entered the competition and the number (and dates) of their cup final wins, cup final runner-up spots, and losing semi-Final appearances.


1992 Landers earthquake
The 1992 Landers earthquake occurred on Sunday, June 28 with an epicenter near the town of Landers, California, in San Bernardino County. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent).


1992 Landers earthquake, Earthquake
At 4:57 a.m. local time (11:57 UTC) on June 28, 1992, a magnitude 7.3 earthquake awoke much of Southern California. Though it turned out it was not the so-called "Big One" as many people would think, it was still a very strong earthquake. The shaking lasted for two to three minutes. Although this earthquake was much more powerful than the 1994 Northridge earthquake, the damage and loss of life were minimized by its location in the sparsely-populated Mojave Desert.


1992 Landers earthquake, Earthquake
The earthquake was a right-lateral strike-slip event, and involved the rupture of several different faults over a length of 75 to 85 km (47 to 53 mi). The names of those that were involved are the Johnson Valley, Kickapoo (also known as Landers), Homestead Valley, Homestead/Emerson, Emerson Valley and Camp Rock faults.


1992 Landers earthquake, Earthquake
The surface rupture extended for 70 km (43 mi), with a maximum horizontal displacement of 5.5 m (18 ft) and a maximum vertical displacement of 1.8 m (5.9 ft).


1992 Landers earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
Damage to the area directly surrounding the epicenter was severe. Roads were buckled, buildings and chimneys collapsed. There were also large surface fissures. To the west in the Los Angeles Basin damage was much less severe. The majority of damage in the Los Angeles area involved items which had fallen off shelves. Unlike the 1994 Northridge earthquake nineteen and a half months later, no freeway bridges collapsed because of the epicenter's remote location. Electricity was cut to thousands of residents, but was generally restored within two to three hours. There was also some damage to homes from water displaced from swimming pools.


1992 Landers earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
Loss of life in this earthquake was minimal. Two people died as a result of heart attacks, and a 3-year-old boy from Massachusetts, who was visiting Yucca Valley with his parents, died when bricks from a chimney collapsed into a living room where he was sleeping. More than 400 people sustained injuries as a result of the earthquake.


1992 Landers earthquake, Earthquake, Related events
The quake was preceded by the 6.1 magnitude Joshua Tree earthquake at 4:51 on April 23, 1992 (UTC), which was south of the future Landers epicenter. The 6.5 magnitude Big Bear earthquake, which hit about three hours after the Landers mainshock, was originally considered an aftershock. However, the United States Geological Survey determined that this was a separate, but related, earthquake. These two earthquakes are considered a regional earthquake sequence, rather than a main shock and aftershock.


1992 Landers earthquake, Earthquake, Related events
The 5.7 magnitude Little Skull Mountain (LSM) earthquake the following day, June 29, 1992, at 10:14 UTC near Yucca Mountain, Nevada, is also considered part of the regional sequence and may have been triggered by surface wave energy produced by the Landers earthquake. Foreshock activity, in the form of a significant increase in micro-earthquakes, was observed at Little Skull Mountain following the Landers earthquake, and the activity continued until the main LSM earthquake.


1992 Landers earthquake, Earthquake, Theories
The Landers earthquake and the other large quakes associated with it in the Mojave region have been attributed to two possible long-term trends. One of these is that the San Andreas Fault may be in the process of being replaced as the plate boundary (between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate) by a new trend across the Mojave and east of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The other is that these quakes were a manifestation of the propagation of rifting coming up from the Gulf of California. Research is ongoing.


1992 Landers earthquake, In popular culture
The earthquake is featured in the television documentary series produced by GRB Entertainment, aired on The Learning Channel and other television channels around the world, about natural disasters titled Earth's Fury (also known internationally as Anatomy of Disaster) in an episode entitled "Earthquake!"


1992 Lao League
The 1992 Lao League was the third recorded season of top flight football in Laos. Lao Army FC won the championship, their third consecutive championship.


1992 Laotian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Laos on 20 December 1992. They were the first held since the adoption of a permanent constitution a year earlier.


1992 Laotian parliamentary election
A total of 154 candidates contested the 85 seats, all but four of which were Lao People's Revolutionary Party members. However, all candidates were pre-screened by the LPRP, the dominant force in the Lao Front for National Construction, the only organization allowed to put forward candidates. The LPRP won all 85 seats. Voter turnout was reported to be 99.3%.


1992 Las Vegas Bowl
The 1992 Las Vegas Bowl was an American college football bowl game played at Sam Boyd Stadium in Whitney, Nevada, on December 18, 1992. It was inaugural Las Vegas Bowl and the first game of the bowl season that concluded the 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season. The game featured the Bowling Green Falcons, champions of the Mid-American Conference (MAC), and the Nevada Wolf Pack, champions of the Big West Conference. Bowling Green won the game by a score of 35–34.


1992 Las Vegas Bowl, Background
Both teams were champions of their respective conferences. Nevada won the Big West Conference for the first time in their first season in Division I-A. This was their first bowl game appearance since 1949. Bowling Green was champion of the Mid-American Conference for the second straight year. This was their fourth bowl game appearance in ten years.


1992 Las Vegas Bowl, Game summary
The first half and the second half were two very different halves for both teams. Bowling Green scored on their first four possessions with two rushing touchdowns by Jackson, a touchdown pass by Erik White and a touchdown pass from Smith. Nevada could only respond with a field goal as they trailed 28–3 at halftime. But the second half is when Nevada came alive, as Chris Vargas threw two touchdowns and Holmes ran in for a touchdown to trail only 28–24 as the fourth quarter began.


1992 Las Vegas Bowl, Game summary
Reeves ran for a touchdown to give the Wolf Pack a 31–28 lead and Terelak made a short field goal to increase their lead to 34–28 with 7:13 remaining. Bowling Green drove to Nevada's six after failing to convert on 4th down. Nevada had to punt the ball after only gaining one first down, but Steve Lester's punt went errant and the Falcons recovered at the Wolf Pack 15 with 1:45 to go.


1992 Las Vegas Bowl, Game summary
After a pass play got them to the three yard line, the Falcons were stifled twice to set up fourth down with less than 30 seconds to go. White scrambled and found Dave Hankins with 22 seconds remaining in the back of the endzone for a touchdown. Brian Leaver kicked in the extra point to give the Falcons their second straight bowl win. White was the first MVP of the Las Vegas Bowl, having gone 24 of 40 for 245 yards.


1992 Las Vegas Bowl, Aftermath
This remains Bowling Green's only Las Vegas Bowl appearance. They did not return to a bowl game again until 2003. Nevada returned two more times in the decade, 1995 and 1996.


1992 Latvian Higher League
The 1992 season in the Latvian Higher League, named Virslīga, was the second football (soccer) domestic competition since the Baltic nation gained independence from the Soviet Union on 6 September 1991. Twelve teams competed in this edition, with Skonto FC claiming the title.


1992 Laurence Olivier Awards
The 1992 Laurence Olivier Awards were held in 1992 in London celebrating excellence in West End theatre by the Society of London Theatre.


1992 Lebanese general election
General elections were held in Lebanon between 23 August and 11 October 1992, the first since 1972. Independent candidates won the majority of seats, although most of them were considered members of various blocs. Voter turnout was 30.3%.


1992 Lebanese general election, Results
Of the 92 independent MPs, 68 were considered to be members of various blocs:


1992 Leeds City Council election
The Leeds City Council elections were held on Thursday, 7 May 1992, with one third of the council's seats up for election.


1992 Leeds City Council election
Held one month after the 1992 general election where Conservatives won a surprise fourth term, the Conservatives in Leeds shared in that success, surpassing Labour's vote for the first time in a decade, and winning their greatest share since 1978. Despite these feats, their vote remained constant with recent elections - in stark contrast to the opposition parties, whose votes had seen dramatic falls, with the Liberal Democrat vote their lowest since 1978, and Labour's their lowest recorded since the council's creation in 1973.


1992 Leeds City Council election
The minor parties also saw disappointment, with the Liberal vote more than halved the previous year and comfortably their worst, whilst the Greens - in spite of a record number of candidates, up considerably from the year before - seen a decrease in their vote. All of which resulted in a record low in turnout, suggesting the Tory revival was driven more by their national result hurting opposition moral than any resurgence in their support.


1992 Leeds City Council election
The Conservatives were able to win their greatest number of wards since 1983, gaining a seat each from Labour and the Lib Dems in their respective marginals of Morley North and Horsforth. The Tory gain in Horsforth, as well as Labour's rise in Armley, left the Lib Dem victories confined to just two wards for the first time since 1979 (Burmantofts and Moortown), and their councillor total the lowest since 1980. The sole Independent standing, Peter Kersting, won his fourth term in Pudsey South with ease (with the first being won as Conservative).


1992 Leeds City Council election, Election result
This result has the following consequences for the total number of seats on the council after the elections:


1992 Lehigh Engineers football team
The 1992 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University during the 1992 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Lehigh tied for third place in the Patriot League.


1992 Lehigh Engineers football team
In their seventh year under head coach Hank Small, the Engineers compiled a 3–8 record. Adam Ciperski and Jason Cristino were the team captains.


1992 Lehigh Engineers football team
The Engineers were outscored 291 to 258. Their 2–3 conference record tied for third place in the six-team Patriot League standings.


1992 Lehigh Engineers football team
Lehigh played its home games at Goodman Stadium on the university's Goodman Campus in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.


1992 Liberian Premier League, Overview
It was contested by 16 teams, and Liberia Petroleum Refining Company Oilers won the championship.


1992 Liberty Bowl
The 1992 Liberty Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game played on December 31, 1992, in Memphis, Tennessee. The 34th edition of the Liberty Bowl featured the Ole Miss Rebels and the Air Force Falcons.


1992 Liberty Bowl, Background
Air Force tied for fourth place in the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) while Ole Miss finished in second place in the West Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). This was Air Force's fourth consecutive Liberty Bowl (due to the policy of the winner of Commander in Chief's Trophy having a bid into the game), and Ole Miss' first bowl game since 1991. This was the third time the two teams faced each other in a 10-year span.


1992 Liberty Bowl, Game summary
Dou Innocent gave the Rebels a 7-0 lead with 2:42 left in the first quarter. He finished the day with 65 yards on 17 carries. Brian Lee kicked two field goals from 24 and 29 yards out to make the final score 13-0 as Air Force was held to 185 yards of total offense. Russ Shows went 9-of-19 for 163 yards. Cassius Ware had 10 tackles and 2 sacks, in an MVP effort.


1992 Liberty Bowl, Aftermath
Neither team has returned to the Liberty Bowl since this game.


1992 Liechtenstein referendums
Five referendums were held in Liechtenstein during 1992. The first was held on 15 March on whether referendums should be introduced to approve international treaties, and was approved by 71.4% of voters. The second on 28 June concerned lowering the voting age from 20 to 18, but was rejected by 56.3% of voters. Two were held on 8 November on abolishing the 8% electoral threshold and adding a clause to the constitution banning discrimination, both of which were rejected. The fifth and final referendum on 13 December was on joining the European Economic Area. It was approved by 55.8% of voters, with a voter turnout of 87%.


1992 Liechtenstein referendums
Despite the vote in favour, when the EEA subsequently came into existence in 1994, Liechtenstein did not join until after a second referendum in 1995.


1992 Liga Deportiva Universitaria de Quito season
Liga Deportiva Universitaria de Quito's 1992 season was the club's 62nd year of existence, the 39th year in professional football, and the 32nd in the top level of professional football in Ecuador.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1
The 1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1 season is the fourth season of Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1. A total of 10 teams participated in the season.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1
Negeri Sembilan and Sarawak were promoted from Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1
Under the new format, only the top six teams in Divisyen 1 and the Divisyen 2 champions and runners-up will be involved in the Malaysia Cup. Malaysia Cup was played from the quarter-final stage, scheduled for November after the league was finished. The Malaysia Cup quarter-final and semi-final matches will be played on a home and away basis.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1
The season kicked off on 10 May 1992. Pahang ended up the season by winning the title.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1, Teams
10 teams competing in the fourth season of Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2
The 1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2 season is the fourth season of Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2. A total of eight teams participated in the season.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2
Kedah and Kelantan were relegated from Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2
Under the new format, only the top six teams in Divisyen 1 and the Divisyen 2 champions and runners-up will be involved in the Malaysia Cup. Malaysia Cup was played from the quarter-final stage, scheduled for November after the league was finished. The Malaysia Cup quarter-final and semi-final matches will be played on a home and away basis.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2
The season kicked off on 10 May 1992. Kedah ended up the season by winning the title. Kedah and Penang were automatically promoted to the first division alongside Kelantan which won the promotion play-off against Singapore.


1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2, Teams
Eight teams competing in the fourth season of Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2.


1992 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1992 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 98th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.


1992 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
On 27 September 1992, Kilmallock won the championship after a 1-12 to 0-12 defeat of Patrickswell in the final. It was their seventh championship title overall and their first title since 1985.


1992 Lion Cup
The 1992 Lion Cup was the tenth edition of the Lion Cup, the premier domestic rugby union knock-out competition in South Africa.


1992 Lion Cup, Teams
22 South African provincial teams took part in this competition.


1992 Lion Cup, Teams
Three teams -  South African Rugby Association,  Western Province League and  Winelands – withdrew following a merger between all the governing bodies of rugby in South Africa.


1992 Lion Cup, Competition
This competition was a knock-out competition. The top ten ranked teams had a bye in Round One, while the teams ranked 11 to 22 played each other, with the winners progressing to Round Two. Those sixteen teams then played a straight knockout competition until the final.


1992 Lion Cup, Fixtures and Results
Initially, the competition was scheduled to run from 21 February to 25 July. However, due to fixture congestion it was initially indicated that the competition would be scrapped.


1992 Lion Cup, Fixtures and Results
In July 1992, it was announced that the competition would indeed take place and would run from September to October.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships
The 1992 Lipton International Players Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 8th edition of the Miami Masters, and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1992 ATP Tour, and of the Tier I Series of the 1992 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Tennis Center at Crandon Park in Key Biscayne, Florida in the United States, from through 1992.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships
The men's field was headlined by ATP No. 1, 1992 Australian Open, 1991 Tour Championships titlist, San Francisco, Brussels runner-up, Key Biscayne defending champion Jim Courier, Australian Open, Stuttgart finalist, former world no. 1 Stefan Edberg and Brussels, Rotterdam winner Boris Becker. Other top players in the field were Philadelphia titlist Pete Sampras, Milan finalist Goran Ivanišević, Michael Chang, Petr Korda and Emilio Sánchez.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships
The women's field was led by. Among other players competing were.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships, Finals, Men's Doubles
Ken Flach /  Todd Witsken defeated  Kent Kinnear /  Sven Salumaa 6–4, 6–3


1992 Lipton International Players Championships, Finals, Women's Doubles
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario /  Larisa Savchenko Neiland defeated  Jill Hetherington /  Kathy Rinaldi 7–5, 5–7, 6–3


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Men's Doubles
Wayne Ferreira and Piet Norval were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals this year.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Men's Doubles
Ken Flach and Todd Witsken won the title, defeating Kent Kinnear and Sven Salumaa 6–4, 6–3 in the final.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Men's Singles
Jim Courier was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Michael Chang.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Doubles
Mary Joe Fernández and Zina Garrison were the defending champions, but lost in third round to Yayuk Basuki and Nana Miyagi.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Doubles
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Larisa Savchenko Neiland won the title by defeating Jill Hetherington and Kathy Rinaldi 7–5, 5–7, 6–3 in the final.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Doubles, Seeds
All seeded players received a bye into the second round.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Singles
Monica Seles was the defending champion, but lost in quarterfinals to Jennifer Capriati.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Singles
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario won the title by defeating Gabriela Sabatini 6–1, 6–4 in the final.


1992 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
All seeded players received a bye into the second round.


1992 Lithuanian Soviet withdrawal referendum
A referendum on the withdrawal of Soviet troops was held in Lithuania on 14 June 1992. Voters were asked whether Soviet troops (which by the time of the referendum had become Russian troops) should unconditionally and immediately withdraw from the country. It was approved by 92.6% of those voting and 69.0% of all registered voters, passing the 50% threshold.


1992 Lithuanian constitutional referendum
A referendum on a new constitution was held in Lithuania on 25 October 1992, alongside the first round of parliamentary elections. It was approved by 78.2% of those voting and 56.8% of all registered voters, passing the 50% threshold.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania in two stages on 25 October and 15 November 1992. A total of 141 members were elected to the Seimas, which replaced the Supreme Council; 70 were elected using proportional representation and 71 from single-member constituencies. Where no candidate gained more than 50% of the vote on 25 October, a run-off was held on 15 November. The first round of the elections were held simultaneously with a referendum on the adoption of a new constitution.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election
The result was a victory for the Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania (LDDP), which won 73 seats. Analysts attributed the surprisingly decisive victory to support from farmers and the Russian and Polish minorities, as well as widespread dissatisfaction with the economic situation and the policies of the ruling Sąjūdis political movement, which only won 30 seats. LDDP leader Algirdas Brazauskas was subsequently elected the Speaker of the Sixth Seimas and assumed the title of acting President of Lithuania. Bronislovas Lubys was appointed Prime Minister.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election
The elections were the first one in Europe following the fall of the Iron Curtain, when a former communist party received the most votes and returned in government.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Electoral system
The elections were held under the terms of the new electoral law, adopted on 9 July 1992; on the same day, the election date was set for 25 October. The law provided for a mixed electoral system, with 70 MPs elected on proportional party lists and 71 MPs in single member constituencies. Run-off elections were to be held on 15 November in constituencies where no candidate received at least 50% of the votes cast.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Electoral system
The mixed electoral system was a compromise between the two main political powers, the Sąjūdis coalition, which preferred first past the post, and the ex-communist LDDP, which proposed proportional representation. The latter was confident of the appeal its political stance had with the voters but lacked popular personalities, while Sąjūdis was concerned about its falling approval ratings but counted among its members many of the individuals that had led Lithuania to independence from the Soviet Union. The mixed system was also expected to strike a balance between MPs representing the interests of their constituencies and the interests of their parties.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Electoral system
To take any of the 70 seats allocated proportionally, the party needed to receive at least 4% of the popular vote. The threshold did not apply to electoral lists representing national minorities.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Electoral system
Suffrage was granted based on citizenship of the former Soviet Union (with exceptions) as opposed to being based solely on the citizenship law of the pre-war Republic of Lithuania (similarly as happened in Latvia and Estonia in early 1990s).


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Electoral system
These elections were the first ones, when voters abroad could vote by post. These voters' votes were assigned to the 1st (Naujamiestis) constituency, where Seimas Palace was located.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Campaign
The main challenger to the ruling Sąjūdis nationalist movement, led by outgoing Chairman of the Supreme Council of Lithuania Vytautas Landsbergis, was the LDDP headed by Brazauskas. Sąjūdis – which had controlled the Supreme Council since February 1990 and spearheaded the move to independence – was criticized for the country's economic woes, while their opponents called for a slowdown in the pace of change to a free-market system and improved relations with Russia. In the run-up to the elections, Sąjūdis portrayed the opposing political groups as communist and reactionary, opposed to independence and democracy. The LDDP proclaimed their political principles, including the foreign policy aims of membership of the Council of Europe, association agreement with the European Community, agreements with the International Monetary Fund and neighborly relations with Poland. They also called for agreements with Russia to secure traditional sources for materials and trade.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Campaign
Altogether 26 parties and political movements contested the elections, with 486 candidates contesting the single-seat constituencies. Opinion polls suggested that no political group would win a decisive majority and a coalition government seemed likely. Most participating parties ruled out joining a coalition government with the LDDP.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Results
Polling procedures were witnessed by international observers. The LDDP won 73 seats (in April 1993, the LDDP increased its tally to 76 seats), with analysts attributing their victory, among other things, to the party's support from farmers and the Russian and Polish minorities, as well as popular anger about the economic crisis, in particular the fuel shortages since Russia, the main supplier, had cut off imports. The results showed widespread desire for a different political direction and dissatisfaction with the confrontational approach to politics used by Sąjūdis. The elections were even more disappointing for centrist political groups, which only received around 15% of the vote, despite many prominent individuals in their ranks.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Results
These elections were the only ones, when single party won absolute majority in Seimas.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Aftermath
The decisive outcome of the elections surprised observers and even the LDDP themselves, who had expected to win 15–17 seats and did not have enough names on its electoral list (on nationwide list the party had put only 71 members). Sąjūdis reacted to their loss with disbelief and encouraged its supporters to join acts of civil disobedience. Elections also caused dissentment in Sąjūdis membership and raised the need to form actual political party, the Homeland Union in 1993.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Aftermath
First session of newly elected Sixth Seimas took place on 25 November 1992. Originally, it was planned to place on 18 November 1992, but due to recounts in single-member constituencies and disputes over possible voting irregularities, the session was delayed.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Aftermath
In the first session of the Seimas, Brazauskas was elected the Speaker of the Seimas and assumed the title of acting President of Lithuania. Brazauskas would go on to be elected President on 14 February 1993 in the country's first presidential elections. After Brazauskas was elected president (and due to Speaker Česlovas Juršėnas having to suspend his membership of the LDDP parliamentary group), the LDDP majority decreased to one member majority in the parliament. By April 1993, the LDDP tally increased by three seats as the Supreme Court of Lithuania annulled Central Electoral Commission's decisions that recognised victories in run-offs to candidates, which had received fewer votes than the LDDP candidates. The party won back Kaišiadorys constituency in a by-election.


1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election, Aftermath
On 1 December 1992, Bronislovas Lubys, an independent business manager and politician, supported by the LDDP, was appointed Prime Minister.


1992 Lithuanian presidency referendum
A referendum on the presidency was held in Lithuania on 23 May 1992. Voters were asked whether they approved of restoring the institution of the presidency. It was initiated by Sąjūdis.


1992 Lithuanian presidency referendum
Although it was approved by 73.0% of those voting, the turnout of 59.2% meant that the number of registered voters approving the proposal was only 41.0%. As this was below the 50% threshold, the proposal failed.


1992 Lithuanian presidency referendum, Background
The Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR, its parliament, declared Lithuania's independence from the Soviet Union on 11 March 1990. On the same day, it adopted a provisional constitution – the Provisional Basic Law. The law established a framework for the new state, guaranteeing democratic rights and establishing rules of democratic process. However, the government was structured similarly to its Soviet predecessor: legislative and executive functions were combined under theparliament (Supreme Council, Lithuanian: Aukščiausioji Taryba), and the judiciary branch was not independent. The government functions were performed by the presidium of the Supreme Council and the chairman of the presidium became the chairman of the parliament and the Head of State.


1992 Lithuanian presidency referendum, Background
The Soviet model proved not to be suitable for the new democratic system of government. The Basic Law did not reflect the changing economic and social relations and the evolving demands of the society and the state. Also over one-third of the Law was amended in a period of two years.


1992 Lithuanian presidency referendum, Background
Over the next two years, work on a new constitution was done, with independent drafts prepared in 1990 and 1991. At the end of 1991, the Supreme Council established a commission tasked to prepare a draft constitution. The resulting proposal was approved by the Supreme Council on 21 April 1992, and presented to the public. An alternative draft constitution was prepared by a coalition led by Sąjūdis. The main difference between the two proposals was the balance between the various branches of government. The proposal approved by the Supreme Council envisioned a parliamentary system, while the alternative proposal suggested a presidential model. The latter model was supported by more radical parties (Independence Party, Lithuanian Democratic Party, Ctizens Charter etc.) and Sąjūdis.


1992 Lithuanian presidency referendum, Background
After collection of more than 300,000 signatures to hold referendum and verification process throughout February and March, the Supreme Council passed law that set referendum day on 23 May, 1992.


1992 Lithuanian presidency referendum, Results
The most supportive of presidency district was Kaunas (81.61 per cent of all votes). The least supportive of presidency district (and the only where "No" votes were majority) was Pakruojis district.


1992 Little League World Series
The 1992 Little League World Series took place between August 24 and August 29 in South Williamsport, Pennsylvania. The team representing the Zamboanga City Little League, the Filipino representative in the Far East Region, won the International Championship while Long Beach, California, the United States West Region representative, won the U.S. Championship.


1992 Little League World Series
In the championship game, Zamboanga City defeated Long Beach 15–4 to become the first Asian team outside of Taiwan, South Korea, or Japan to be champion. However, upon further review it was discovered that the Filipino team violated age and residency rules and Little League stripped them of their title. Long Beach was awarded a 6–0 victory by forfeit as per Little League rules and became only the fourth American team in twenty years to be Little League World Champions.


1992 Little League World Series
The championship game did not feature a team from Taiwan for the first time since 1985. This tied the record of six consecutive finals set by Taiwan from 1977 through 1982. To date, this record has not been seriously approached by one country or state.


1992 Little League World Series, Far East series
Between 1967, when Japan's West Tokyo won, and 1992, the Little League World Series was won 19 of a possible 25 times by the Far East champion. Competing against the national champions of traditionally stronger baseball nations like Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, Filipino teams had been unable to qualify for the LLWS. In 1992, however, the Far East was represented by Zamboanga City, which had won the national Filipino title.


1992 Little League World Series, The tournament
The 1992 tournament debuted the round-robin format; no longer would a team play against a predetermined opponent in the first round, with the winners facing each other in the semifinal, with the winner advancing to the Saturday championship.


1992 Little League World Series, The tournament
The new format had each team play the other three teams in their bracket, and then having the top two teams play each other in the semifinal, with the winners advancing to the championship.


1992 Little League World Series, The tournament
Zamboanga City defeated the teams from Germany and Quebec before losing to the Dominican Republic, in the round-robin. This was enough to get them into the international final, a rematch with the Dominican Republic, which they won 5–1. The championship game against California was a blowout, with Zamboanga City winning 15–4 after a seven-run first inning. The team was hailed as heroes in the Philippines, President Ramos giving the team a gift of 1 million pesos to contribute to the livelihood of their families. Long Beach head coach Jeff Burroughs remarked that semi-final pitcher "Roberto Placious" had the poise of a high school or college pitcher.


1992 Little League World Series, Zamboanga City Little League, Initial investigation
There had been some suspicions about the Zamboanga City team soon after it arrived in Williamsport. Several committee members didn't think the manager and coach seemed "typical." However, nothing more came of it after assurances were given that the manager and coach were from the same league as the players and had coached in that league during the regular season. A few days after Zamboanga City's triumphant victory, however, journalist Al Mendoza of the Philippine Daily Inquirer began publishing stories suggesting that some players were ineligible.


1992 Little League World Series, Zamboanga City Little League, Initial investigation
He'd received letters from several neighbors and relatives claiming that several players were too old for Little League. Local administrator Armando Andaya was faxed four questions from Little League president Creighton Hale, regarding player ages, birth certificates, residence, and a specific question regarding winning championship game pitcher Ian Tolentino's participation in a tournament in 1990 (possibly with the view of suggesting this would have made him over-age).


1992 Little League World Series, Zamboanga City Little League, Initial investigation
Andaya admitted to violating rules on district representation—eight players were from outside the Zamboanga City area, some as far away as Luzon, and unable to speak Chabacano, the language most commonly spoken in Zamboanga. Andaya claimed that the eight players replaced, for various reasons, were unable to go to China for the Far East series and that the out-of-district substitutes were only used to make up numbers rather than to give the team an extra edge over their opponents. He also admitted that the team's original coach had been replaced with someone from Manila.


1992 Little League World Series, Zamboanga City Little League, Disqualification
Little League Baseball stripped Zamboanga City of its title. Under Little League rules at the time, when a team was found to have used an ineligible player, it forfeited only its most recent game (otherwise they would have to put the entire tournament on hold while the teams that lost to the illegal team were put back into the tournament). Since the revelation was made after the championship game, that game was declared a 6–0 forfeit victory for Long Beach, which was awarded the championship. The exposed players and parents remained defiant, and accused Little League Baseball of denying them due process.


1992 Little League World Series, Zamboanga City Little League, More revelations
With many Filipinos outraged at what they saw as an unpatriotic betrayal by Mendoza, who was given the key to the city of Long Beach, fellow Inquirer journalist Armand N. Nocum conducted further investigation and found that even the six true Zamboangueños were over-age, including at least two as old as 15, and thus ineligible.


1992 Little League World Series, Zamboanga City Little League, More revelations
It was discovered that, as with the eight non-district players, the fraud had been maintained by the players' assumption of identities of (eligible) players who had represented the city at the national championships, the families of whom were reportedly willing to reveal all, jealous of the prizes bestowed upon the players who had used their sons' identities to represent their country at the Far East and World Series. In some cases, even the parents of the ineligible players assumed appropriate identities to maintain the appearance of propriety.


1992 Little League World Series, Zamboanga City Little League, More revelations
Nocum, a native of the area, had not wanted to believe such an egregious fraud was taking place, but discovered that even school officials were in on the cover-up. Later, Nocum, seemingly backing Andaya's assertion that the substitutes were not chosen to artificially inflate the team's performance, told Sports Illustrated that had the original Zamboanga City team participated in the World Series, they would have trounced Long Beach by at least 30–4.


1992 Little League World Series, Zamboanga City Little League, More revelations
In an interesting postscript, Zamboanga City was disqualified from the Filipino national titles the very next year in another over-age player scandal.


1992 Little League World Series, Champions Path
The Long Beach LL had an undefeated record of 12 wins and 0 losses to reach the LLWS. In total their record was 17–0, the last win coming from the forfeit by the Philippines.


1992 Liverpool City Council election
Elections to Liverpool City Council were held on 7 May 1992. One third of the council was up for election and although the Labour party lost overall control of the council, it continued to lead a minority administration with Harry Rimmer as leader of the council.


1992 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 1992 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 78th edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 19 April 1992. The race started in Liège and finished in Ans. The race was won by Dirk De Wolf of the Gatorade team.


1992 Lochaber District Council election
Elections to the Lochaber District Council took place in May 1992, alongside elections to the councils of Scotland's various other districts.


1992 London Bridge bombing
On Friday 28 February 1992, the Provisional IRA (IRA) exploded a bomb inside London Bridge station during the morning rush hour, causing extensive damage and wounding 29 people. A day later, a device exploded at the Crown Prosecution Service in London, injuring a further two people.


1992 London Bridge bombing
The attacks were carried out by one of the IRA's London active service units who were becoming more active and frequently targeting more train stations. It occurred just over a year after a bomb at Victoria station.


1992 London Bridge bombing, Bombing
Around 8:20 am, someone rang Ulster Television's London office warning that a bomb was going to explode in a London station, without saying which one. About ten minutes later, the bomb detonated, which made debris fly almost fifty feet away from the blast area. Twenty nine people were hurt in the explosion, most of them from flying glass and other bits of debris; four were seriously hurt but nobody was killed.


1992 London Bridge bombing, Aftermath
The head of Scotland Yard's anti terrorist squad, George Churchill-Coleman, said the two lb bomb of high explosives was "clearly designed to kill." Investigations suggested that the bomb was placed in the men's restrooms. Churchill-Coleman added that the IRA's warning was "deliberately vague" and was given too late to act upon.


1992 London Bridge bombing, Aftermath
Prime Minister John Major said the bombing would not change British policy in Northern Ireland. "It was pointless. It was cowardly. It was directed against innocent people and it will make absolutely no difference to our policy -- no difference at all." Home Secretary Kenneth Baker said it was a "callous attack".


1992 London Bridge bombing, Aftermath
Fearing additional IRA attacks on public transport, the security services warned commuters "more than ever" to stay on guard at all times. The next day, another bomb went off in London, by the Crown Prosecution Service office, injuring two more people and bringing the total injured to 31 in the space of just over 24 hours.


1992 London Bridge bombing, Aftermath
This was one of dozens of bombs that detonated in London that year, the biggest of which was the Baltic Exchange bombing, killing three people and causing almost £1 billion worth of damage. The IRA maintained this pressure, bombing mainland Britain and especially the city of London as much as possible until the ceasefire of 1994.


1992 London Marathon
The 1992 London Marathon was the 12th running of the annual marathon race in London, United Kingdom, which took place on Sunday, 12 April. The elite men's race was won by Portugal's António Pinto in a time of 2:10:02 hours and the women's race was won by Germany's Katrin Dörre-Heinig in 2:29:39.


1992 London Marathon
In the wheelchair races, Canada's Daniel Wesley won the men's race in a course record time (1:51:42) and Britain's Tanni Grey (2:17:23) won the women's division.


1992 London Marathon
Around 83,000 people applied to enter the race, of which 34,250 had their applications accepted and around 24,500 started the race. A total of 23,833 runners finished the race.


1992 London Monarchs season
The 1992 London Monarchs season was the second season for the franchise in the World League of American Football (WLAF). The team was led by head coach Ray Willsey in his first year, and played its home games at Wembley Stadium in London, England. They finished the season in third place of the European Division with a record of two wins, seven losses and one tie.


1992 Los Angeles Dodgers season
The 1992 Los Angeles Dodgers season was the 103rd for the franchise in Major League Baseball, and their 35th season in Los Angeles, California.


1992 Los Angeles Dodgers season
Despite boasting what was nicknamed the "Outfield of Dreams", being manned by Eric Davis, Brett Butler, and Darryl Strawberry, injuries to key players and slumps from others contributed to the franchise's worst season since moving to Los Angeles with 63 wins and 99 losses for a last place finish in the NL West; it was their worst season since 1908 when they were known as the “Brooklyn Superbas”. It was the first time the Dodgers lost 90 games in a season since 1944. Additionally, the Dodgers cancelled four home games due to the L.A. Riots.


1992 Los Angeles Dodgers season
Despite the poor finish, the Dodgers had some hope for the future as first baseman Eric Karros won the National League Rookie of the Year Award, the first of five consecutive Dodger players to do so. The 1992 season also saw the Dodgers drop television station KTTV Ch.11 as their chief broadcaster of Dodger baseball, ending a 34 year, 35 consecutive season association with that station.


1992 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Major League Baseball Draft
The Dodgers selected 53 players in this draft. Of those, only one of them would eventually play Major League baseball. The Dodgers lost their first round pick to the Toronto Blue Jays as a result of their signing free agent Tom Candiotti but gained two supplemental first round picks, a second round pick and a third round pick as compensation for departing free agents Eddie Murray and Mike Morgan.