1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak
The cause of the outbreak was found to be a previously unknown species of hantavirus, which was responsible for a new form of illness known as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome or HPS. The virus is carried by deer mice. Originally referred to as "Four Corners virus", "Muerto Canyon virus", and "Convict Creek virus", it was later named Sin Nombre virus. Transmission to humans was found to have occurred through contact with aerosolized deer mice droppings in enclosed spaces in and around the homes of the victims.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Background
In April 1993, a young Navajo woman arrived at the Indian Medical Center emergency room in Gallup, New Mexico, complaining of flu-like symptoms and sudden, severe shortness of breath. Doctors found the woman’s lungs to be full of fluid, and she died soon after her arrival. An autopsy revealed the woman’s lungs to be twice the normal weight for someone her age. The cause of her death could not be immediately determined, and the case was reported to the New Mexico Department of Health.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Background
Five days later, her fiancé, a young Navajo man, was en route to her funeral in Gallup when he suddenly became severely short of breath. By the time paramedics brought him to the Indian Medical Center emergency room, he had stopped breathing and the paramedics were performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The young man could not be revived by doctors and died. The physicians, recalling the similar symptoms and death of the young woman, reported his death to the New Mexico Department of Health.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Background
New Mexico state health officials notified the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Within a week, a task force had formed in Albuquerque that included Bruce Tempest, chief of medicine at the Indian Medical Center. Tempest quickly discovered that five people, including the young man’s fiancée, as well as an Arizona resident, all had experienced the same symptoms and all had died within a six-month period. Tempest learned from the young man's family members that his fiancée had the same symptoms and died on the Navajo Reservation five days earlier.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Background
Deaths on the reservations are not reported to the state health department because they are sovereign nations. Tempest had considered plague as the cause because it is endemic to the region, but it had already been ruled out by tests on all of the victims. Within a short time, a dozen more people contracted the mysterious illness, most of them young Navajos in New Mexico. This included two relatives of the young couple who had died within a week of each other.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Discovery of Sin Nombre virus
News outlets began reporting on the story of a mystery illness causing deaths among young Navajo, often using the term "Navajo Flu". Hearing a news report, a physician notified health officials to say that the illness sounded a lot like hantavirus, which he had observed in Korea in the 1950s.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Discovery of Sin Nombre virus
The Centers for Disease Control tested for hantavirus even though Asia and Europe were the only documented places hantavirus had been known to occur. No known cases had ever been reported in the United States. In addition, all the cases in Asia and Europe had involved hantaviruses that caused kidney failure, never respiratory failure. The testing revealed a previously unknown hantavirus which was eventually named Sin Nombre virus, Spanish for "No Name" virus. The disease became formally known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) or simply hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS).


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Discovery of Sin Nombre virus
Several theories were advanced to explain the emergence of the new virus. These included increased contact between humans and mice due to a "bumper crop" in the deer mouse population. Another theory was that something within the virus had changed, allowing it to jump to humans. A third theory was that nothing had changed, that hantavirus cases had in fact occurred previously but had not been properly diagnosed. This last theory turned out to be the correct one when it was discovered that the first known case had actually occurred in a 38-year-old Utah man in 1959.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Discovery of Sin Nombre virus
Like the Korean virus, Sin Nombre virus does not spread person-to-person. Instead, transmission occurs when humans are exposed to air contaminated with aerosolized mouse feces, usually within enclosed spaces. All of the Four Corners victims were found to have significant infestations of deer mice in and around their homes.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Course of illness and death rate
Doctors reported that all of the Four Corners patients had mild flu-like symptoms such as malaise, headache, cough, and fever, with a sudden onset of pulmonary edema necessitating ventilators before eventually causing death. From April to May 1993, there were 24 reported cases in the region. Twelve of those people died, resulting in a 50% mortality rate. Of the 24 patients, 14 were Native Americans, nine were non-Hispanic whites and one was Hispanic.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, Early cases in Navajo tradition
Navajo leaders reported that similar outbreaks had occurred in 1918, 1933, and 1934. Navajo ethnological stories have identified mice as sources of bad luck and illness since the 19th century.


1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak, In popular culture
The outbreak was covered in the Forensic Files episode "With Every Breath."


1993 France rugby union tour of South Africa
The 1993 France rugby union tour of South Africa was a series of eight matches played by the France national rugby union team in South Africa in June and July 1993. The French team won four matches, drew two and lost two. They won their two match international series against the South Africa national rugby union team, drawing the first game and winning the second for a one-nil series victory. The tour was marred by a serious facial injury suffered by the captain, Jean-François Tordo, who was raked by Garry Pagel in the match against Western Province. Tordo required 50 stitches and plastic surgery and took no further part in the tour.


1993 Freedom Bowl
The 1993 Freedom Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Western Athletic Conference's Utah Utes and the Pacific 10 Conference's USC Trojans. After the Trojans jumped to a 28–0 halftime lead, the Utes shut them out in the second half, but were only able to counter with 21 points. USC won 28–21.


1993 French Figure Skating Championships
The 1993 French Figure Skating Championships (French: Championnat de France Elite) took place in Grenoble for singles and pairs and in La Roche-sur-Yon for ice dance. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior level. The event was used to help determine the French team to the 1993 World Championships and the 1993 European Championships.


1993 French Grand Prix
The 1993 French Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Magny-Cours on 4 July 1993. It was the eighth race of the 1993 Formula One World Championship.


1993 French Grand Prix
The 72-lap race was won by home favourite Alain Prost, driving a Williams-Renault, after he started from second position. Prost's English teammate Damon Hill finished second, having started from pole position and led the first 26 laps, with German Michael Schumacher third in a Benetton-Ford. With Prost's Brazilian rival Ayrton Senna finishing fourth in his McLaren-Ford, Prost extended his lead in the Drivers' Championship to 12 points.


1993 French Grand Prix
The race marked Prost's 100th Formula One podium, making him the first driver to achieve the milestone. It was also the last Grand Prix for Fabrizio Barbazza.


1993 French Grand Prix, Report, Qualifying
With local hero Prost taking pole in all of the previous seven races, there was a massive turnout for qualifying where the Williams were usually dominant. The Williams did take 1–2 in qualifying, but it was Hill who took his first Formula One pole ahead of Prost. The Ligier team, in its home race, filled the second row with Martin Brundle ahead of Mark Blundell, and thus completed a 1-2-3-4 for Renault-powered cars. Ayrton Senna in the McLaren and Jean Alesi in the Ferrari were on the third row, Schumacher in the Benetton and Rubens Barrichello in the Jordan made up the fourth, and the Larrousse team, also contesting its home race, took up the fifth with Érik Comas ahead of Philippe Alliot.


1993 French Grand Prix, Report, Race
At the start, the top 5 stayed the same while Schumacher got ahead of Alesi. Hill led from Prost, Brundle, Blundell, Senna and Schumacher.


1993 French Grand Prix, Report, Race
The Williams pulled away while Brundle pulled away from Blundell who was holding up Senna and Schumacher. However, this ended when Blundell was pushed off the road and into retirement on lap 21 as he attempted to lap de Cesaris. It was time for the mid-race stops during which Prost got ahead of Hill and Senna and Schumacher closed up on Brundle.


1993 French Grand Prix, Report, Race
During the second stops, Prost stayed ahead - just by two-tenths while Senna and Schumacher got ahead of Brundle. Schumacher passed Senna when the two were going through traffic and pulled away. Prost won with Hill right behind to make it a Williams 1-2 ahead of Schumacher, Senna, Brundle and Andretti.


1993 French Grand Prix, Report, Race
Thus, at the halfway stage of the season, Prost led the World Championship with 57 points. Senna was a further 12 points behind in second with 45, Hill was third with 28, Schumacher was fourth with 24, Brundle fifth with 9, Blundell sixth with 6, Herbert seventh with 6 and Lehto eighth with 5. There were no real battles in the Constructors Championship with Williams comfortably leading with 85 points with McLaren 37 points behind in second with 48. Benetton were third with 29 and Ligier were fourth with 15.


1993 French Grand Prix, Report, Race
Following the death of former world champion James Hunt, former British driver Jonathan Palmer moved from Pit Lane reporter and took Hunt's place in the BBC commentary booth for the race. Palmer would continue to partner Murray Walker in the booth until the end of the 1996 season.


1993 French Grand Prix, Report, Race
By winning the race, Prost became the first Formula One driver to reach 100 career podiums.


1993 French Open
The 1993 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 24 May until 6 June. It was the 97th staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1993.


1993 French Open, Seniors, Men's singles
Sergi Bruguera defeated  Jim Courier, 6–4, 2–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–3


1993 French Open, Seniors, Men's doubles
Luke Jensen /  Murphy Jensen defeated  Marc-Kevin Goellner /  David Prinosil, 6–4, 6–7, 6–4


1993 French Open, Seniors, Women's doubles
Gigi Fernández /  Natalia Zvereva defeated  Larisa Savchenko Neiland /  Jana Novotná, 6–3, 7–5


1993 French Open, Seniors, Mixed doubles
Eugenia Maniokova /  Andrei Olhovskiy defeated  Elna Reinach /  Danie Visser, 6–2, 4–6, 6–4


1993 French Open, Juniors, Boys' doubles
Steven Downs /  James Greenhalgh defeated  Neville Godwin /  Gareth Williams, 6–1, 6–1


1993 French Open, Juniors, Girls' doubles
Laurence Courtois /  Nancy Feber defeated  Lara Bitter /  Maaike Koutstaal, 3–6, 6–1, 6–3


1993 French Open – Men's Doubles
The Men's Doubles tournament at the 1993 French Open was held from 24 May until 6 June 1993 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. Luke Jensen and Murphy Jensen won the title, defeating Marc-Kevin Goellner and David Prinosil in the final.


1993 French Open – Men's Singles
Tenth-seeded Sergi Bruguera defeated Jim Courier 6–4, 2–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–3 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1993 French Open.


1993 French Open – Men's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Sergi Bruguera is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1993 French Open – Men's Singles Qualifying
Players who neither had high enough rankings nor received wild cards to enter the main draw of the annual French Open Tennis Championships participated in a qualifying tournament held in the week before the event.


1993 French Open – Mixed Doubles
The Mixed Doubles tournament at the 1993 French Open was held from 24 May until 6 June 1993 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. Andrei Olhovskiy and Eugenia Maniokova won the title, defeating Danie Visser and Elna Reinach in the final.


1993 French Open – Women's Doubles
Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva were the defending champions, and successfully defended their title, defeating Larisa Savchenko and Jana Novotná in the final 6–3, 7–5.


1993 French Open – Women's Singles
First-seeded Steffi Graf won her first French Open since 1988, defeating Mary Joe Fernández in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1993 French Open. Following this tournament, Graf recaptured the world No. 1 ranking. It was also Fernández' third and final appearance in a Grand Slam singles final.


1993 French Open – Women's Singles
Monica Seles was the three-time defending champion, but she was unable to compete due to being stabbed the previous month.


1993 French Open – Women's Singles Qualifying
Players who neither had high enough rankings nor received wild cards to enter the main draw of the annual French Open Tennis Championships participated in a qualifying tournament held in the week before the event.


1993 French Supertouring Championship
The 1993 French Supertouring Championship (championnat de France de Supertourisme 1993 in French) is the nineteenth edition of the French Supertouring Championship, the first run with the FIA Supertouring regulations. The season began in Nogaro on 12 April and finished on the same track on 10 October. The championship was won by Frank Biela driving an Audi 80 Quattro for the ROC Compétition team.


1993 French legislative election
French legislative elections took place on 21 and 28 March 1993 to elect the tenth National Assembly of the Fifth Republic.


1993 French legislative election
Since 1988, President François Mitterrand and his Socialist cabinets had relied on a relative parliamentary majority. In an attempt to avoid having to work with the Communists, Prime Minister Michel Rocard tried to gain support from the UDF by appointing four UDF ministers. After the UDF withdrew its support for the government in 1991, Rocard and the UDF ministers resigned. The UDF then became allied with the Gaullist Rally for the Republic (RPR).


1993 French legislative election
The Socialist Party (PS) was further weakened by scandals (involving illicit financing, contaminated blood and other affairs) and an intense rivalry between François Mitterrand's potential successors (Lionel Jospin and Laurent Fabius). In March 1992, the Socialists were punished at the local elections. Prime Minister Édith Cresson was replaced by Pierre Bérégovoy. The latter promised to fight against economic recession and corruption, but he was himself suspected to have received a loan from a controversial businessman, Roger-Patrice Pelat.


1993 French legislative election
The election was a landslide victory for the RPR-UDF alliance, while the PS and their left-wing allies received their worst result since the 1960s. The PS lost nearly 80% of the seats they had held at the time of the chamber's dissolution. This caused a crisis within the PS; Fabius lost his position as First Secretary in favour of Rocard, who claimed that a political "big bang" was needed. Jospin announced his political retirement after he was defeated in his Haute-Garonne constituency. Depressed by the defeat and the accusations about the loan from Pelat, Pierre Bérégovoy committed suicide on 1 May.


1993 French legislative election
Some traditional PS voters had voted for the Greens in the first round. These ecologists obtained a total of 10.84%, making this the best total score for French Green parties in legislative elections. However, only two ecologists qualified for the runoff, including Dominique Voynet in her constituency in the Doubs département. Both of these candidates were eventually defeated. Lack of major political allies for these ecologists explained this failure to take any seats.


1993 French legislative election
The RPR-UDF coalition formed the largest parliamentary majority since 1958, taking a total of 485 seats or 84% of the 577 seats. The RPR leader Jacques Chirac demanded President Mitterrand's resignation and refused to be Prime Minister in a new "cohabitation" government. Finally, he suggested the nomination of his former RPR Finance Minister Edouard Balladur at the head of the government. Balladur promised publicly that he would not run against Chirac for the next presidential election. The second "cohabitation" finished with the 1995 presidential election.


1993 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 1993 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented California State University, Fresno during the 1993 NCAA Division I-A football season as a member of the Western Athletic Conference (WAC). The team was led by head coach Jim Sweeney, in his sixteenth year, and they played their home games at Bulldog Stadium in Fresno, California. They finished the 1993 season as co-champions of the WAC, with a regular season record of eight wins and three losses (8–3, 6–2 WAC).


1993 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
As co-champions of the WAC, Fresno State earned a postseason bowl game after the 1993 season. They faced No. 17 Colorado in the Aloha Bowl, losing 30–41.


1993 Fresno State Bulldogs football team, Team players in the NFL
The following finished their college career in 1993, were not drafted, but played in the NFL.


1993 Friuli-Venezia Giulia regional election
The Friuli-Venezia Giulia regional election of 1993 took place on 6 June 1993.


1993 Friuli-Venezia Giulia regional election, Events
Lega Nord Friuli-Venezia Giulia, at its first appearance in a regional election, became the largest party with 26.7%, while Christian Democracy, which had governed the Region since 1964, came second with 22.3%. The combined score of all regionalist parties was 37.5%.


1993 Friuli-Venezia Giulia regional election, Events
Between 1993 and 1998 the Region was quinte instable politically and was governed by a succession of governments led both my members of Lega Nord (Pietro Fontanini, Alessandra Guerra and Sergio Cecotti) and by centre-left figures (Renzo Travanut and Giancarlo Cruder).


1993 GHI Bronx Tennis Classic
The GHI Bronx Tennis Classic 1993 has been a tennis tournament within the ATP Challenger Series, taking place during the ATP Challenger Series 1993. The tournament was played in Bronx, in the United States from the 16th to the 22nd of August 1993, on concrete.


1993 GHI Bronx Tennis Classic, Winners, Singles
Jean-Philippe Fleurian defeated in the final  Chris Wilkinson 3-6, 7-5, 6-2


1993 GHI Bronx Tennis Classic, Winners, Doubles
Johan de Beer /  Kevin Ullyett defeated during the final  Wayne Arthurs /  Grant Doyle 7-6, 7-6


1993 GP Ouest–France
The 1993 GP Ouest-France was the 57th edition of the GP Ouest-France cycle race and was held on 24 August 1993. The race started and finished in Plouay. The race was won by Thierry Claveyrolat of the Gan team.


1993 Gabonese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Gabon on 5 December 1993, the first time more than one candidate had contested a presidential election in the country. Incumbent President Omar Bongo, in power since 1967, sought a five-year term against twelve other candidates. According to official results Bongo won in the first round with 51.2% of the vote. However, the main opposition leader, Paul Mba Abessole, alleged fraud, claimed victory, and threatened to form a rival government. Riots in 1994 practically brought the country to a standstill until Bongo agreed to attend a peace conference with opposition groups in September 1994, in which a coalition government was formed until the 1996 parliamentary election, which Bongo's Gabonese Democratic Party won by a landslide.


1993 Gabonese presidential election, Campaign
Bongo was supported by the "New Alliance", a coalition that included the Association for Socialism in Gabon, the Circle of Liberal Reformers, the Gabonese Socialist Union and the People's Unity Party.


1993 Gabonese presidential election, Results
Based on exit polling at the time of the election, the news organization Reuters placed Bongo's share of the vote at about 37%. Voter turnout was 88.1%.


1993 Galician regional election
The 1993 Galician regional election was held on Sunday, 17 October 1993, to elect the 4th Parliament of the autonomous community of Galicia. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.


1993 Galician regional election
The People's Party (PP) won with an increased absolute majority over 1989, resulting in Manuel Fraga being re-elected for a second term in office as President of Galicia. The Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) suffered from a crisis of leadership and from a desire of punishment to the national government of Felipe González, losing many votes in the way. Meanwhile, the Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) began to appear as the main alternative to power thanks to its spokesman, Xosé Manuel Beiras', charisma.


1993 Galician regional election
The Galician Unity coalition of United Left (EU) and the Galician Socialist Party–Galician Left (PSG–EG) did not enter Parliament due to a change of the electoral law in 1991, which raised the electoral threshold from 3% to 5%. Galician Coalition (CG) also failed to enter Parliament, and only got 0.4% of the share.


1993 Galician regional election, Overview, Electoral system
The Parliament of Galicia was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Galicia, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution of 1978 and the regional Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president.


1993 Galician regional election, Overview, Electoral system
Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen, registered in Galicia and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The 75 members of the Parliament of Galicia were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold were not taken into consideration for seat distribution. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of La Coruña, Lugo, Orense and Pontevedra, with each being allocated an initial minimum of 10 seats and the remaining 35 being distributed in proportion to their populations.


1993 Galician regional election, Overview, Electoral system
The use of the D'Hondt method might result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.


1993 Galician regional election, Overview, Election date
The term of the Parliament of Galicia expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Journal of Galicia (DOG), with election day taking place between the fifty-fourth and the sixtieth day from publication. The previous election was held on 17 December 1989, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 17 December 1993. The election decree was required to be published in the DOG no later than 23 November 1993, with the election taking place up to the sixtieth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Saturday, 22 January 1994.


1993 Galician regional election, Overview, Election date
The president had the prerogative to dissolve the Parliament of Galicia and call a snap election, provided that it did not occur before one year had elapsed since a previous dissolution under this procedure. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Parliament was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called.


1993 Galician regional election, Parties and candidates
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.


1993 Galician regional election, Parties and candidates
Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:


1993 Galician regional election, Opinion polls
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font. 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Galicia.


1993 Games of the Small States of Europe
The V Games of the Small States of Europe were held in 1993 by the Republic of Malta.


1993 Gator Bowl
The 1993 Gator Bowl, a bowl game during the 1993 NCAA Division I-A football season, took place on December 31, 1993, at the Gator Bowl Stadium in Jacksonville, Florida. The competing teams were the Alabama Crimson Tide, representing the Southeastern Conference (SEC), and the North Carolina Tar Heels, representing the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Alabama won the game 24–10. With sponsorship by Outback Steakhouse, the game was officially known as the Outback Gator Bowl.


1993 Gator Bowl, Teams, Alabama
The 1993 Alabama squad opened the season ranked No. 2 only to tie with Tennessee in week six. The Crimson Tide went on to lose to both LSU and Auburn to finish the regular season with a record of 8–2–1. Although finishing second behind Auburn in the Western Division, as the Tigers were ineligible to play in the SEC Championship Game due to NCAA violations, Alabama played in the game for the second consecutive year. After losing to Florida for the SEC Championship, Alabama announced it accepted a bit to play in the Gator Bowl against North Carolina. The appearance marked the second for Alabama in the Gator Bowl.


1993 Gator Bowl, Teams, Alabama
In the week following the Iron Bowl, cornerback Antonio Langham was declared ineligible for both the SEC Championship Game and the Gator Bowl. In August 1995, the NCAA ruled that Langham was ineligible to participate with the Alabama squad retroactive to him signing with a sports agent following the 1992 season. As part of the NCAA sanctioned penalty, all games that Langham played in were officially forfeited changing their season record from 9–3–1 to 1–12 with the lone victory being over North Carolina in the Gator Bowl.


1993 Gator Bowl, Teams, North Carolina
The 1993 North Carolina squad lost to both Florida State and Virginia to finish the regular season with a record of 10–2.


1993 Gent–Wevelgem
The 1993 Gent–Wevelgem was the 55th edition of the Gent–Wevelgem cycle race and was held on 7 April 1993. The race started in Ghent and finished in Wevelgem. The race was won by Mario Cipollini of the GB–MG Maglificio team.


1993 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1993 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the University of Georgia during the 1993 NCAA Division I-A football season. Georgia completed the season with a 5–6 record.


1993 Georgia Bulldogs football team, Season summary, Georgia Tech
A fight broke out late in the fourth quarter following a touchdown pass by Georgia.


1993 Georgia Southern Eagles football team
The 1993 Georgia Southern Eagles football team represented Georgia Southern University as a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon) during the 1993 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Tim Stowers, the Eagles compiled an overall record of 10–3 with a conference mark of 7–1, winning the SoCon title. Georgia Southern was invited to the NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship playoffs, where they beat Eastern Kentucky in the first round before losing to eventual national champion Youngstown State in the quarterfinals. The Eagles played their home games at Paulson Stadium in Statesboro, Georgia.


1993 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1993 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Institute of Technology in the 1993 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Yellow Jackets were led by head coach Bill Lewis. Georgia Tech played its home games at Bobby Dodd Stadium in Atlanta.


1993 German Athletics Championships
The 1993 German Athletics Championships was the 93rd edition of the national championship in outdoor track and field for Germany. It was held on 8–11 July at the Wedaustadion in Duisburg. It served as the selection meeting for Germany at the 1993 World Championships in Athletics. A women's hammer throw was contested for the first time and the road running championship was set to the half marathon, having previously been 15 km for women and 25 km for men.


1993 German Athletics Championships, Championships
As usual, due to time or organizational reasons, various competitions were not held as part of the main event in Duisburg. The annual national championships in Germany held separately from the main track and field competition comprised the following:


1993 German Figure Skating Championships
The 1993 German Figure Skating Championships (German: Deutsche Meisterschaften im Eiskunstlaufen) took place from December 16 through 20th, 1992 in Mannheim. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior and junior levels.


1993 German Formula Three Championship
The 1993 German Formula Three Championship (German: 1993 Deutsche Formel-3-Meisterschaft) was a multi-event motor racing championship for single-seat open wheel formula racing cars that held across Europe. The championship featured drivers competing in two-litre Formula Three racing cars majorly built by Dallara which conform to the technical regulations, or formula, for the championship. It commenced on 3 April at Zolder and ended at Hockenheim on 19 September after ten double-header rounds.


1993 German Formula Three Championship
Opel Team WTS driver Jos Verstappen became the first Dutch champion. He won eight races and collected another six podium finishes. Massimiliano Angelelli finished as runner-up with win at Diepholz Airfield Circuit, losing 41 points to Verstappen. Sascha Maassen won at Hockenheimring, Nürburgring and Alemannenring. Michael Krumm and Roberto Colciago completed the top-five in the drivers' championship. Markus Liesner and Jörg Müller were the other race winners. Patrick Bernhardt clinched the B-Cup championship title.


1993 German Formula Three Championship, Calendar
With the exception of round at Zolder in Belgium, all rounds took place on German soil.


1993 German Grand Prix
The 1993 German Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Hockenheim on 25 July 1993. It was the tenth race of the 1993 Formula One World Championship.


1993 German Grand Prix
The 45-lap race was won by Alain Prost, driving a Williams-Renault, after he started from pole position. Prost's teammate Damon Hill led for most of the race, only to be denied his first F1 win by a tyre failure on the penultimate lap. Prost duly took his seventh win of the season, and his 51st and final Grand Prix victory overall, with local driver Michael Schumacher second in a Benetton-Ford and Mark Blundell third in a Ligier-Renault.


1993 German Grand Prix, Report
The two Williams were 1st and 2nd in qualifying with Prost on pole ahead of Hill, Schumacher, Senna, Blundell and Brundle. Prost had a poor start and was passed by Hill, Schumacher and Senna. Prost reclaimed third from Senna on the run down to the first chicane, which they entered side by side. Exiting the chicane, Senna spun and had to wait for the entire field to pass by before he could rejoin. Fourth placed Brundle then spun as well at the second chicane forcing Prost to take evasive action and bypass part of the track. Both would serve 10-second stop-and-go penalties for this later in the race. At the end of the first lap, Hill led Schumacher, Prost, Blundell, Patrese, Berger and Alesi.


1993 German Grand Prix, Report
Prost was on a charge, passing Schumacher on lap 6. He closed up on Hill three laps later. Behind, on the next lap, Berger tried to pass Suzuki and they collided, with Suzuki spinning off. Yellow flags were waved and Hill slowed down a little on the next lap. Prost took his chance and passed Hill to lead. He then served his controversial stop-go penalty (which he called a scandal in the press conference later that day) on the next lap and dropped to sixth behind Patrese.


1993 German Grand Prix, Report
Schumacher was the first of the leaders to pit for tyres, resuming in fourth place, behind Prost and Blundell and just in front of teammate Patrese. He then passed Blundell for third in the first chicane on the next lap, Brundle having dropped back to midfield due to serving his stop-go penalty on lap 12.


1993 German Grand Prix, Report
Senna had worked his way up to seventh but was unable to pass Berger's Ferrari, eventually choosing to pit for tyres, as did first Patrese and Blundell, leaving the order midway through the race: Hill, Prost, Schumacher, Berger, Blundell, Patrese and Senna, neither Williams choosing to come in for tyres in this race. Blundell on new tyres was able to pass Berger for fourth only for the Austrian to repass him on the next straight with some fierce slipstreaming. Blundell eventually passed Berger for good coming into the stadium section, with Patrese and Senna both closing rapidly on the Austrian.


1993 German Grand Prix, Report
Senna gained fifth place, passing both Patrese and Berger on the following lap, with Patrese also able to slipstream past the Ferrari, which was suffering increasingly on its aging tyres. Schumacher then stopped for a third set of tyres dropping him further behind the two Williams cars while still half a minute clear of Blundell in fourth position, who preserved a slight gap to Senna's McLaren in fifth.


1993 German Grand Prix, Report
In the closing laps Prost closed on Hill, while Schumacher set a string of fastest lap times to close to within 17s of Prost. Senna - still unable to pass Blundell - came in for an unscheduled tyre stop on lap 41, rejoining safely in front of Patrese. Hill's lead was reduced to 8 seconds by the penultimate lap but appeared to be cruising to victory until, coming out of the Ostkurve, his left rear tyre deflated, Hill having to retire his car before reaching the pits. Instead of Hill taking his first victory, Prost took what was to be his final and 51st win in front of a typically delighted Schumacher followed by Blundell, Senna, Patrese and Berger.


1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix was the sixth round of the 1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on 13 June 1993, at the Hockenheim circuit.


1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Shinichi Itoh on pole, Wayne Rainey again on the 2nd row.


1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Àlex Crivillé to the front from Daryl Beattie, Schwantz, Mick Doohan and Rainey.


1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Doohan takes the lead; Rainey getting dropped. Serious accident for the Italian Corrado Catalano, he fell, was hit by his motorcycle and for some days was in a comatose.


1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Doohan has a mechanical problem and drops out; Shinichi Itoh passes Crivillé for 3rd, with Schwantz in 1st and Beattie in 2nd.


1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Into the last lap, Beattie is in front of Schwantz; Itoh twice comes alongside Schwantz and thwarts Schwantz’ attempts to brake-pass Beattie. Itoh becomes the first rider to pass 200 mph in a speed trap.


1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Schwantz seems happy with second because Rainey is so far behind, and is now 14 points behind Schwantz.


1993 Gerry Weber Open
The 1993 Gerry Weber Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the inaugural edition of the Gerry Weber Open, and was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It took place at the Gerry Weber Stadion in Halle, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, from 14 June until 21 June 1993. Henri Leconte won the singles title.


1993 Gerry Weber Open, Finals, Doubles
Petr Korda /  Cyril Suk defeated  Mike Bauer / Marc-Kevin Goellner 7–6, 5–7, 6–3


1993 Gerry Weber Open – Doubles
Petr Korda and Cyril Suk won in the final 7–6, 5–7, 6–3 against Mike Bauer and Marc-Kevin Goellner.


1993 Gerry Weber Open – Singles
Henri Leconte won the title, beating Andrei Medvedev 6–2, 6–3 in the final.


1993 Ginebra San Miguel season
The 1993 Ginebra San Miguel season was the 15th season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).


1993 Ginebra San Miguel season, Summary
The Ginebras won their first game of the season by defeating 7-Up in the main game of the opening twinbill in the league's new home at Cuneta Astrodome. The Gins would lose five in a row and then won their last four games of the eliminations in the All-Filipino Cup to make it to the quarterfinal round where they dropped all their four matches.


1993 Ginebra San Miguel season, Summary
Brian Gilgeous was Ginebra’s first choice for their import in the Commissioner’s Cup, he was sent home even before the second conference started. Coming in to replaced him is Tony Massop, the number one draft pick in the Continental Basketball League in 1991. After leading the Gins to two victories in four games, Massop refused to play in their next game upon discovering that a certain import Eric Meeks, a recommendee by retired Ginebra cager Francis Arnaiz, was present and brought in secretly to try out for the team.


1993 Ginebra San Miguel season, Summary
Massop left and packed his bags as the Gins played the San Miguel Beermen without an import and were fined P50,000. Brian Shorter plane in and played four games, but after a lackluster performance in Ginebra's 91-97 loss to winless Sta.Lucia Realtors in Dumaguete City on July 17, Shorter left the squad without giving notice, sources said he was reprimanded by coach Jaworski after the game, prompting him to sneak out of the country. Ginebra was almost out of contention for a semis berth when they played their last two games with their fifth reinforcement Benny Bolton, who used his islam name Benjamin Muhammad.


1993 Ginebra San Miguel season, Summary
In the Governor’s Cup, Darryl McDonald was found to be over the height limit. Terry Thames arrived and measured just in time for Ginebra's first game against Alaska. Thames was impressive in scoring 40 points despite the Gins’ 98-102 loss to the Milkmen. They won their next game against Shell Helix, 109-101 in Davao City on October 2, but lost their remaining eight assignments in the eliminations for a dismal season.


1993 Ginebra San Miguel season, Trades
After the team was booted out in the second conference, forward Dondon Ampalayo, the 1986 rookie of the year who played all of his seven seasons with Ginebra and has been part of the ballclub's three championships from 1986-1991, asked for a trade to play for Alaska, the Ginebra management agreed and in return, Ginebra got Bobby Jose from the Milkmen.


1993 Ginebra San Miguel season, Commissioner’s Cup / Governor's Cup roster
Assistant coaches: Arlene Rodriguez / Philip Cezar Team Manager: Bernabe Navarro


1993 Girabola
The 1993 Girabola was the 15th season of top-tier football competition in Angola. C.D. Primeiro de Agosto were the defending champions.


1993 Girabola
The league comprised 12 teams, the bottom two of which were relegated.


1993 Girabola
Petro de Luanda were crowned champions, winning their 8th title, while Académica do Lobito, Desportivo da Nocal and FC de Cabinda were relegated.


1993 Girabola
Serginho of Desportivo da EKA finished as the top scorer with 14 goals.


1993 Girabola, Changes from the 1992 season
Relegated: Inter de Luanda, Benfica de CabindaWithdrew: Benfica do Huambo, Ferroviário da Huíla, Petro do Huambo, Sporting de BenguelaPromoted: Académica do Lobito, Progresso do Sambizanga


1993 Giro d'Italia
The 1993 Giro d'Italia, (English: Tour of Italy), was the 76th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro started off in Porto Azzurro on 23 May with a split stage, with the first leg being a mass-start stage and the latter an individual time trial. The race ended on 13 June with a stage that stretched 166 km (103.1 mi) from Biella to Milan. Twenty teams entered the race, which was won by Miguel Indurain of the Banesto team. Second and third respectively were the Latvian Piotr Ugrumov and the Italian rider, Claudio Chiappucci. Indurain's victory in the 1993 Giro was his first step in completing the Giro – Tour double – winning the Giro d'Italia and Tour de France in one calendar year – becoming the first rider to repeat this feat in consecutive years.


1993 Giro d'Italia
Moreno Argentin was the first rider to wear the race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey) after winning the opening stage. Argentin held that lead for ten more days before losing it to Miguel Indurain after the conclusion stage 10. Bruno Leali stole the lead away from Indurain after the race's eleventh leg and held it until the end of the fourteenth day of racing. Indurain gained the lead after mountainous stage 14 and then held it all the way to the Giro's finish in Milan.


1993 Giro d'Italia
Indurain became the first Spanish rider to win the Giro d'Italia in consecutive years. Amongst the other classifications that the race awarded, Italian Adriano Baffi of Mercatone Uno–Zucchini–Medeghini won the points competition, Carrera Jeans–Tassoni's Claudio Chiappucci won the mountains classification, Lampre–Polti's Pavel Tonkov completed the Giro as the best rider aged 25 or younger in the general classification, finishing fifth overall, and Ján Svorada of Lampre-Polti won the intergiro competition. Lampre-Polti finished as the winners of the team classification, ranking each of the twenty teams contesting the race by lowest cumulative time. Ariostea finished as winners of the team points classification.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Teams
Twenty teams were invited by the race organizers to participate in the 1993 edition of the Giro d'Italia, seven of which were based outside of Italy. Each team sent a squad of nine riders, which meant that the race started with a peloton of 180 cyclists. Italy (78), France (24), Spain (17), Germany (11), and Colombia (10) all had more than 10 riders. Of these, 69 were riding the Giro d'Italia for the first time. The average age of riders was 27.69 years, ranging from 21–year–old Alexandre Shefer (Navigare–Blue Storm) to 35–year–old Bruno Leali (Mercatone Uno–Zucchini–Medeghini). The team with the youngest average rider age was Banesto (25), while the oldest was GB–MG Maglificio (29). From the riders that began the race, 132 made it to the finish in Milan.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
The starting peloton included the 1992 winner, Miguel Indurain, who had not had a successful start to his 1993 campaign. He hoped to repeat as winner of the Giro and the Tour for the second consecutive year, stating "My main objective remains the Tour de France, but I will still try to win the Giro." If Indurain would win the two Grand Tours in the season, he would be the fourth rider to accomplish winning the Giro and Tour in one season twice in their career. Despite this, Indurain was viewed as the favorite to win the general classification.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
Maurizio Fondriest (Lampre–Polti) was thought to have entered in peak form after winning several races in the spring campaign, including Milan–San Remo and Tirreno–Adriatico. El Mundo Deportivo writer Javier de Dalmases believed Fondirest would be the first rider to don the race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey). Indurain felt Fondriest was the rider to watch in the race's first week.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
Gianni Bugno (Gatorade–Mega Drive–Kenwood), who won the race in 1990, prepared at lengths for the race and was seen as a threat in the time trial stages. Bugno won only one race before the Giro started, the Grand Prix Gippingen earlier in May, but was thought to have a strong showing at the Amstel Gold Race. Author Bill McGann dismissed Bugno saying that his ability to "win at will" had passed. With no victories in the season, 1991 winner and 3rd-place finisher in 1992, Franco Chioccioli (GB–MG Maglificio) was considered a dark–horse contender.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
Other favorites named for the race included Pavel Tonkov and 1988 winner Andrew Hampsten as contenders for the overall crown. Claudio Chiappucci was thought to be the one of the most potent climbers in the race. Specifically, a L'Express writer commented that Chiappucci's performance on the Sestriere time trial in the 1992 Tour de France as an example of his climbing prowess. In addition, he had several second-place finishes in the Giro and Tour the previous year.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
Famed sprinters Mario Cipollini and Djamolidine Abdoujaparov did not compete in the race, while Dutch sprinter Jean-Paul van Poppel was going to race in the Giro but was left off the roster before it started. With the aforementioned riders' absence, Dalmases stated that Italian Adriano Baffi would likely win some of the flat stages.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Route and stages
While the start on Elba was announced on 9 October, the entire route for the 1993 Giro d'Italia was unveiled by race director Carmine Castellano on 14 November 1992. It contained three time trial events, all of which were individual. There were nine stages containing high mountains, of which five had summit finishes: stage 3, to Sella di Corno; stage 13, to Passo delle Erbe; stage 15, to Lumezzane; stage 17, to Chianale; and stage 20, to Oropa. Another stage with a mountain-top finish was stage 19, which consisted of a climbing time trial to village of Sestriere.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Route and stages
The organizers chose to include one rest day. When compared to the previous year's race, the race was 141 km (88 mi) shorter, contained one more rest day, more mountains, and lacked an opening time trial prologue. In addition, this race contained one fewer stage, but two more sets of half stages. For the first time since 1954, when live coverage began, the race was not broadcast by RAI. Instead it was broadcast by Reti Televisive Italiane (RTI) on the Italia 1 channel.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Route and stages
The race began with a split stage on the island of Elba, where Napoleon Bonaparte was exiled briefly in 1814. This was the first time the race began on the island of Elba. The race last visited in 1980 where the race finished in Portoferraio with a sprint finish won by Carmelo Barone. The route contained less time trials than the 1992 route, which Italian rider Claudio Chiappucci had requested. The race's fourteenth stage, which began and ended in Corvara, was named the queen stage for the amount of difficult mountains contained in the stage. Italian rider Franco Chioccioli liked that there were more points of attack in the race and believed that played into Miguel Indurain's hands.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
This edition of the Giro began with a split stage, with the morning leg consisting of an 85 km (53 mi) undulating course and the afternoon stage being a brief 9 km (6 mi) individual time trial. Moreno Argentin won the morning stage after attacking on the final climb of the day to win the leg by thirty-four seconds over the chasing peloton. The afternoon time trial navigated the streets of Portoferraio and was won by Italian Maurizio Fondriest. The Giro's second stage was relatively a flat route that culminated with a sprint finish which was won by Adriano Baffi. The next day saw the first uphill finish to the Selle di Corno. General classification hopeful Piotr Ugrumov positioned himself in the day's breakaway and attacked up the final climb to win the stage and climb to second overall.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
The Giro's fourth stage ended with a sprint finish that was won by Italian Fabio Baldato. Jolly Componibili-Club 88's Dimitri Konyshev attacked in the closing kilometers of the fifth stage to take the win. The day of racing concluded with a sprint finish in Messina, which was won by Italian Guido Bontempi. Bjarne Riis, Giancarlo Perini, and Michele Coppolillo made up the leading breakaway as the race made its way into the stage seven finish in Agrigento. Riis and Coppolillo pulled away from Perini in the final seconds and Riis subsequently edged out Perini for the victory. The race's eighth leg came down to a sprint finish in Palermo, where Adriano Baffi bested the likes of Endrio Leoni and Fabio Baldato for the win.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
The race's ninth stage began in Montelibretti after the race necessitated the transfer to the city during the rest day the day before. The riders were preparing for a sprint finish when Giorgio Furlan and Mario Chiesa attacked with about 5 km (3 mi) of racing to go. The two riders successfully fended off the chasing peloton and went on to the finish in Fabriano, where Furlan managed to beat out Chiesa for the victory. The stage 10 individual time trial began and ended in the city of Senigallia. Miguel Indurain dominated the course and gained over a minute on race leader Moreno Argentin, which allowed him to gain the overall lead of the race and don the race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey).


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
Stage eleven was marred by rainy weather, which caused many splits in the peloton. Fabio Fontanelli won the stage as a member of the lead group, but tenth-place finisher Bruno Leali gained a six-second race lead by finishing more than three minutes in front of overall leader Miguel Indurain. The Giro's twelfth stage began with a large climb which led to many attacks. Despite the flurry of attacks, the whole peloton eventually made it to the finish line together for a sprint finish that was won by Russian Dimitri Konyshev.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
The thirteenth stage saw the first stage that contained mountains from the Dolomites. On the penultimate climb of the day, the Passo di Eores, a lead group broke away that contained the likes of Andrew Hampsten, Ugrumov, and Massimiliano Lelli. The riders stayed out in front over the final climb of the Passi delle Erbe, but were eventually caught by the chase group containing the race leader Leoni. Moreno Argentin edged out Lelli for his second stage victory at the 1993 Giro d'Italia.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
The next day's route was even more demanding as it contained two ascents of the Passo Pordoi, as well as the climbing of three other highly categorized climbs. Miguel Indurain, Ugrumov, Claudio Chiappucci, and a few other general classification hopefuls were in the leading breakaway as they crossed the Pordoi for the second time. The group rode into the finish in Corvara with race leader Leoni trailing by several minutes. Chiappucci won the sprint to the line, while Indurain regained the overall lead.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
Davide Cassani won the fifteenth stage that featured a summit finish to Lumezzane, while the general classification remained largely unaltered. The next day of racing saw a break from the mountains, with a primarily flat course that stretched from Varazze to Pontechianale. The stage ultimately finished with a bunch sprint that was won by Italian Fabio Baldato. The Giro's seventeenth stage concluded with a summit finish to Chianale. Marco Saligari won the stage by over a minute on the second-place finisher Gianluca Bortolami, while the general classification contenders finished together leaving the classification largely unchanged. Stage eighteen was a primarily flat stage that closed with a field sprint. Adriano Baffi won the field sprint and the stage, which was his third stage victory at the Giro that year.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
The final time trial in the 1993 Giro d'Italia was 55 km (34 mi) in length and had a summit finish on the famous climb of the Sestriere. Miguel Indurain won the leg and extended his lead over the rest of the field. The penultimate stage featured a 10 km (6 mi) climb to Oropa. Second overall |Piotr Ugrumov attacked multiple times on the final climb of the day to gain time on Indurain; he attacked one last time and Indurain could not match his move.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
Massimo Ghirotto was the first rider to cross the finish line, with Ugrumov finishing in fifth and Indurain in tenth. Ugrumov gained 40 seconds on Indurain's lead, but it was not good enough to take it away from the Spaniard. The final stage was a primarily flat course that stretched from Biella to Milan. The leg culminated with a bunch sprint that was won by Italian Fabio Baldato. Indurain had won his second consecutive Giro d'Italia.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
Success in stages was limited to nine of the competing teams, seven of which achieved multiple stage victories, while five individual riders won multiple stages. The riders that won more than once were Moreno Argentin in stages 1a and 13, Adriano Baffi in stages 2, 8, and 18, Fabio Baldato in stages 4, 16, and 21, Dimitri Konyshev in stages 5 and 12, and Miguel Indurain in stages 10 and 19. Mecair–Ballan won two stages with Moreno Argentin and stage 3 with Piotr Ugrumov.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
Ariostea won four stages, with Bjarne Riis in stage 7, Giorgio Furlan in stage 9, Davide Cassani in stage 15, and Marco Saligari stage 17. Banesto won two stages with Miguel Indurain. GB–MG Maglificio won three stages with Fabio Baldato. Jolly Componibili-Club 88 won two stages with Dimitri Konyshev. Carrera Jeans–Tassoni won two stages, stage 6 with Guido Bontempi and stage 14 with Claudio Chiappucci. Navigare–Blue Storm also won multiple stages, with Fabiano Fontanelli in stage 11 and three stages with Adriano Baffi.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
Lampre–Polti and ZG Mobili each won one stage apiece. Maurizio Fondriest of Lampre-Polti won the stage 1b individual time trial, while ZG Mobili rider Massimo Ghirotto won the mountainous stage 20.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
Five different jerseys were worn during the 1993 Giro d'Italia. The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider, and allowing time bonuses for the first three finishers on mass-start stages – wore a pink jersey. This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered as the winner of the Giro.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
For the points classification, which awarded a purple (or cyclamen) jersey to its leader, cyclists were given points for finishing a stage in the top 15; additional points could also be won in intermediate sprints. Time bonuses were awarded to the riders who placed in the top three on flat stages, with first, second, and third receiving 12, 8, and 4, seconds bonus, respectively. The green jersey was awarded to the mountains classification leader. In this ranking, points were won by reaching the summit of a climb ahead of other cyclists.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
Each climb was ranked as either first, second or third category, with more points available for higher category climbs. The Cima Coppi, the race's highest point of elevation, awarded more points than the other first category climbs. The Cima Coppi for this Giro was the Passo Pordoi. The first rider to cross the Pordoi Pass was Spaniard Miguel Indurain. The white jersey was worn by the leader of young rider classification, a ranking decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders born after 1 January 1969 were eligible for it.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The intergiro classification was marked by a blue jersey. The calculation for the intergiro is similar to that of the general classification, in each stage there is a midway point that the riders pass through a point and where their time is stopped. As the race goes on, their times compiled and the person with the lowest time is the leader of the intergiro classification and wears the blue jersey. For each intergiro sprint, the first three riders across the line would receive time bonuses of 6, 4, and 2 seconds, respectively.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
Although no jersey was awarded, there was also a classification for the teams, in which the stage finish times of the best three cyclists per team were added; the leading team was the one with the lowest total time. There was another team classification that awarded points to each team based on their riding's finishing position in every stage. The team with the highest total of points was the leader of the classification.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Aftermath
Miguel Indurain entered the Tour de France in July as the favorite to win the race. He would go on to win the race after taking the lead after the conclusion of the ninth stage. By winning the Tour, he became the first rider to complete the Giro - Tour double in two consecutive years. In April 2018, Indurain was placed into the Giro d'Italia Hall of Fame for his performances during the Giro d'Italia in his career. He was the sixth rider to be inducted.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21
The 1993 Giro d'Italia was the 76th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Porto Azzurro, with a mountainous stage on 23 May, and Stage 11 occurred on 3 June with a stage from Senigallia. The race finished in Milan on 13 June.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 11
3 June 1993 — Senigallia to Dozza, 184 km (114 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 12
4 June 1993 — Dozza to Asiago, 239 km (149 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 13
5 June 1993 — Asiago to Corvara, 220 km (140 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 14
6 June 1993 — Corvara to Corvara, 245 km (152 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 15
7 June 1993 — Corvara to Lumezzane, 263 km (163 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 16
8 June 1993 — Lumezzane to Borgo Val di Taro, 181 km (112 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 17
9 June 1993 — Varazze to Pontechianale, 223 km (139 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 18
10 June 1993 — Sampeyre to Fossano, 150 km (93 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 19
11 June 1993 — Pinerolo to Sestriere, 55 km (34 mi) (ITT)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 20
12 June 1993 — Turin to Santuario di Oropa, 162 km (101 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 11 to Stage 21, Stage 21
13 June 1993 — Biella to Milan, 166 km (103 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10
The 1993 Giro d'Italia was the 76th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Porto Azzurro, with a mountainous stage on 23 May, and Stage 10 occurred on 2 June with a stage to Senigallia. The race finished in Milan on 13 June.


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 1a
23 May 1993 — Porto Azzurro to Portoferraio, 85 km (53 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 1b
23 May 1993 — Portoferraio, 9 km (5.6 mi) (ITT)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 2
24 May 1993 — Grosseto to Rieti, 224 km (139 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 3
25 May 1993 — Rieti to Scanno, 153 km (95 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 4
26 May 1993 — Lago di Scanno to Marcianise, 179 km (111 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 5
27 May 1993 — Paestum to Terme Luigiane, 210 km (130 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 6
28 May 1993 — Villafranca Tirrena to Messina, 130 km (81 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 7
29 May 1993 — Capo d'Orlando to Agrigento, 240 km (150 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 8
30 May 1993 — Agrigento to Palermo, 140 km (87 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 9
1 June 1993 — Montelibretti to Fabriano, 216 km (134 mi)


1993 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1a to Stage 10, Stage 10
2 June 1993 — Senigallia to Senigallia, 28 km (17 mi) (ITT)


1993 Giro del Trentino
The 1993 Giro del Trentino was the 17th edition of the Tour of the Alps cycle race and was held on 11 May to 14 May 1993. The race started in Riva del Garda and finished in Arco di Trento. The race was won by Maurizio Fondriest.


1993 Giro di Lombardia
The 1993 Giro di Lombardia was the 87th edition of the Giro di Lombardia cycle race and was held on 9 October 1993. The race started and finished in Monza. The race was won by Pascal Richard of the Ariostea team.


1993 Governor General's Awards
Each winner of the 1993 Governor General's Awards for Literary Merit received $10,000 and a medal from the Governor General of Canada. The winners were selected by a panel of judges administered by the Canada Council for the Arts.


1993 Grand National
The 1993 Grand National (officially the Martell Grand National Chase Handicap Grade 3) was scheduled on 3 April 1993 to be the 147th running of the Grand National horse race, held annually at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England.


1993 Grand National
It was the first and so far only time that the steeplechase was declared void, after 30 of the 39 runners began and carried on racing despite there having been a false start. Seven of the field even went on to complete the course, with Esha Ness crossing the finishing post first, in what would have been the second-fastest time.


1993 Grand National
The Jockey Club decided not to re-run the race, and as a result it has often been called "the race that never was". Bookmakers were forced to refund an estimated £75 million in bets staked. The Jockey Club launched an inquiry which led to a number of changes in the starting and recall procedures in future races.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, False start
And they're away – oh, and once again the tape has snagged, and it's a recall... It was caught round Richard Dunwoody's neck, the tape. And they've been recalled – but the majority don't realise that it is a recall! They're going down to jump the first, they're going to!


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, False start
The BBC's lead commentator Peter O'Sullevan describes the second false start.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, False start
The meeting at Aintree had been beset by problems before the race. Fifteen animal rights protesters invaded the course near the first fence (as had also happened at the 1991 Grand National) resulting in a delayed start. A first false start was caused by several riders becoming tangled in the starting tape. Starter Keith Brown, who was officiating his last National before retirement, waved his red recall flag and a second official, Ken Evans, who was situated 100 yards further down the track, in turn signalled to the leading runners to turn around.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, False start
At the second attempt, the tape became tangled again – around the neck of jockey Richard Dunwoody – and Brown called another false start. However, this time his recall flag did not unfurl as he waved it. As a result, 30 of the 39 riders set off around the track, oblivious to the recall.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, First circuit
Officials, trainers and the crowd tried desperately to halt the race, but the majority of the field continued racing. By the Becher's Brook (the sixth fence) only one of the 30 still competing had fallen: outsider Farm Week at the fourth, who hampered David's Duky in the process.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, First circuit
Royal Athlete had gained popularity with the public after finishing third in the Cheltenham Gold Cup and was sent to post at 17/2, providing Ben de Haan, the 1983 winning jockey, with his 11th and final ride in the race. He fell at Valentine's (the ninth).


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, First circuit
One fence later, outsider Senator Snugfit fell. The BBC's commentary team, consisting of Peter O'Sullevan, John Hanmer and Jim McGrath continued to describe proceedings, periodically reminding viewers that "it's got to be a void race".


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, First circuit
It was not until the water jump – the final fence of the first circuit – that many riders became aware of the situation and pulled up, including champion jockey Peter Scudamore on Captain Dibble, Garrison Savannah, and Zeta's Lad, who was widely considered by tipsters as the form horse in the field, having raced unbeaten in his five starts that season, including beating Romany King in the Racing Post Chase at Kempton two months prior. Most of the horses at the rear were pulled up too, including Stay on Tracks, David's Duky, Direct, Mister Ed and the tailed-off Quirinus.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, First circuit
Captain Dibble was the Scottish Grand National winner in 1992 and vied for favouritism for the Grand National until a few days before the race. Scudamore had turned down a host of competitors to take the ride in his 13th National, and the pair were sent off at 9/1. Scudamore saw trainer Martin Pipe waving at him near the water jump to stop. The jockey had never won the National in his previous 12 attempts, and retired from racing a short time later.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, First circuit
Party Politics, who won the 1992 Grand National with partner Carl Llewellyn, was also pulled up after the water jump when in a good position. Since his Aintree victory the previous April he had run unimpressively in two chases without Llewellyn in the saddle before they were reunited to win the Greenhalls Gold Cup at Haydock in February. As defending champion, and with his jockey taking his fourth ride in a Grand National, the horse was popular with the public who had backed him down to 7/1 favourite at the start.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Second circuit
Fourteen horses continued racing onto the second circuit, led by Sure Metal and Howe Street who between them held a decent lead until they both fell at the 20th fence.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Second circuit
This put Romany King into the lead, which he held on to until being passed at the final fence and finishing third. The horse had been narrowly beaten by Party Politics in the previous year's National but had won just one of his six races since, a moderate event at Exeter in November. He shared pre-race favouritism with Party Politics until shortly before the start when he drifted to 15/2 joint-second favourite. His Irish jockey, Adrian Maguire, was one of nine riders making their debut in the race.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Second circuit
One fence later, at the 21st, Joyful Noise refused, Paco's Boy fell, as did the tailed-off The Gooser. Interim Lib unseated his rider at the Canal Turn and a tailed-off Bonanza Boy refused at the same fence. Seven runners remained and went on to complete the course: Romany King, The Committee, Esha Ness, Cahervillahow, Givus A Buck, On The Other Hand and a distant Laura's Beau. As they crossed the Melling Road before approaching the penultimate fence, commentator Peter O'Sullevan declared the unfolding events "the greatest disaster in the history of the Grand National."


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Second circuit
So as they race up to the line, in the National that surely isn't, Esha Ness is the winner, second is Cahervillahow, third is Romany King, four The Committee and five is Givus A Buck. Then comes on The Other Hand and Laura's Beau and they are the only ones to have completed in the race that surely never was.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Second circuit
As they came to the elbow, on the 494-yard run-in to home, Cahervillahow, Romany King, The Committee and Esha Ness remained tight and vying for position. But it was 50/1 shot Esha Ness, ridden by John White, trained by Jenny Pitman and owned by Patrick Bancroft, who crossed the line first, in the second-fastest time in Grand National history. Cahervillahow came home second despite trailing in fourth at the elbow, Romany King was third and The Committee fourth. Givus A Buck completed in fifth, with on the Other Hand and Laura's Beau completing the seven finishers of the National that never was.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Aftermath
Initially there was confusion as to what would happen next. Keith Brown, the race starter, was interviewed briefly by the BBC and alluded to the possibility that the nine jockeys who noticed and obeyed his recall could be eligible to take part in a re-run. Several jockeys said that they thought the officials attempting to stop them were actually protestors. Esha Ness's jockey John White said of the latter stages of the race: "I could see there were only a few horses around, but I thought the others had fallen or something."


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Aftermath
Romany King's jockey Adrian Maguire said: "Going to The Chair, I wondered what the hell was going on because I saw a fellow wandering nonchalantly across the fence. There were two cones in front of it, but the horses still in the race all kept going."


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Aftermath
The Jockey Club later declared the race void, ruled out any re-running of it, and launched an inquiry. Bookmakers were forced to refund an estimated £75 million in bets staked.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Aftermath
Zeta's Lad trainer John Upson was among those trainers who were particularly angry, feeling, correctly as it transpired, that this was his only chance to have a leading contender in a National. Before the race Upson had said: "I'm not someone who always thinks their horse is going to win, but this year I just have a feeling." The horse was in mid-division taking the water jump but was instantly pulled up as jockey Robbie Supple, riding in his third National, realised the race was not on.


1993 Grand National, Circumstances, Aftermath
Upson later revealed: "The reason I really blew my top was, that once the initial fiasco had happened, there was the starter standing there saying, 'Right, I'm disqualifying everything, apart from the nine that didn't go. I'll start the race again with nine runners.' At that stage I just thought the world had gone completely mad. The adrenaline was going and I was jumping up and down."


1993 Grand National, Investigation
An inquiry was chaired by High Court judge Sir Michael Connell, the deputy senior steward of the Jockey Club since 1988. His report apportioned some blame to Keith Brown for allowing the horses to get too close to the tape, but most blame to Ken Evans, the official further down the track, for failing to notice the second false start. Brown retired later that year and said: "It was very sad for all concerned. Whatever could go wrong that day did."


1993 Grand National, Investigation
A working group produced a 34-page report with recommendations following the official inquiry, which was approved by the Jockey Club. Considerable public discussion had arisen over the possibility of introducing electronic devices, such as horns or flashing lights, to provide a fail-safe starting and recall system. The use of modern technology however was dismissed on the basis of a lack of total success overseas, and being open to sabotage and technical failure.


1993 Grand National, Investigation
The tape at the start line was made more sturdy, consisting of three strands instead of one, and in a more distinctive pattern; the width of the start was also reduced. If a false start is called, two officials (in contact with the starter by radio) will wave fluorescent yellow flags at jockeys. Further up the course, a third official will be positioned so as to arrest those who fail to notice the two initial flags. If necessary, the third official will follow the field in a car to stop them.


1993 Grand National, Investigation
Andrew Parker Bowles, who chaired the working group which produced the recommendations, said he was confident that the exceptional circumstances of the 1993 National would never be repeated: "You start 7,000 races a year with flagmen and it went wrong just three times last year, but one of them was the Grand National. It won't happen again."


1993 Grand Prix (snooker)
The 1993 Skoda Grand Prix was a professional ranking snooker tournament that took place at The Hexagon in Reading, Berkshire, England. Skoda replaced long-time sponsors Rothmans after 9 years and this year was the last time it was played at the Hexagon. The event started on 18 October 1993 and the televised stages were shown on BBC between 23 and 31 October 1993.


1993 Grand Prix (snooker)
Jimmy White was the defending champion, but he lost his last 16 match against Ken Doherty. Peter Ebdon won in the final 9–6 against Doherty to win his first major title.


1993 Grand Prix (snooker), Tournament summary
Defending champion Jimmy White was the number 1 seed with World Champion Stephen Hendry seeded 2. The remaining places were allocated to players based on the world rankings.


1993 Grand Prix (snooker), Prize fund and ranking points
The breakdown of prize money and ranking points of the event are shown below:


1993 Grand Prix Hassan II
The 1993 Grand Prix Hassan II was an Association of Tennis Professionals tennis tournament held in Casablanca, Morocco. It was the 9th edition of the tournament and was held from March 15 to March 22.


1993 Grand Prix Hassan II, Finals, Doubles
Mike Bauer /  Piet Norval defeated  Ģirts Dzelde /  Goran Prpić 7–5, 7–6


1993 Grand Prix Hassan II – Doubles
Horacio de la Peña and Jorge Lozano were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals this year.


1993 Grand Prix Hassan II – Doubles
Mike Bauer and Piet Norval won in the final 7–5, 7–6, against Ģirts Dzelde and Goran Prpić.


1993 Grand Prix Hassan II – Singles
Pérez-Roldán successfully defended his title, defeating Younes El Aynaoui 6–4, 6–3 in the final.


1993 Grand Prix International de Paris
The 1993 Grand Prix International de Paris was held at the Palais omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.


1993 Grand Prix Passing Shot
The 1993 Grand Prix Passing Shot, also known as the Bordeaux Open, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoorhard courts at Villa Primrose in Bordeaux, France that was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the 16th edition of the tournament and was held from 13 September until 19 September 1993. First-seeded Sergi Bruguera won the singles title.


1993 Grand Prix Passing Shot, Finals, Doubles
Pablo Albano /  Javier Frana defeated  David Adams /  Andrei Olhovskiy 7–6, 4–6, 6–3


1993 Grand Prix Passing Shot – Doubles
Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez were the defending champions, but Emilio Sánchez did not compete this year. Casal teamed up with Javier Sánchez and lost in the semifinals to Pablo Albano and Javier Frana.


1993 Grand Prix Passing Shot – Doubles
Albano and Frana won the title by defeating David Adams and Andrei Olhovskiy 7–6, 4–6, 6–3 in the final.


1993 Grand Prix Passing Shot – Singles
Andrei Medvedev was the defending champion, but did not compete this year.


1993 Grand Prix Passing Shot – Singles
Sergi Bruguera won the title by defeating Diego Nargiso 7–5, 6–2 in the final.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon
The 1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Palais des Sports de Gerland in Lyon, France, and was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and took place from 18 October through 25  October 1993. First-seeded Pete Sampras won the singles title, his third consecutive at the event.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon, Finals, Doubles
Gary Muller /  Danie Visser defeated  John-Laffnie de Jager /  Stefan Kruger 6–3, 7–6


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon – Doubles
Jakob Hlasek and Marc Rosset were the defending champions, but Rosset did not participate this year. Hlasek partnered Michiel Schapers, losing in the first round.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon – Doubles
Gary Muller and Danie Visser won the title, defeating John-Laffnie De Jager and Stefan Kruger 6–3, 7–6 in the final.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon – Singles
Pete Sampras was the defending champion and successfully defended his title, beating Cédric Pioline 7–6(7–5), 1–6, 7–5 in the final.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse
The 1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Toulouse, France that was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the twelfth edition of the tournament and was held from 4 October until 10 October 1993. Fifth-seeded Arnaud Boetsch won the singles title.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse, Finals, Doubles
Byron Black /  Jonathan Stark defeated  David Prinosil /  Udo Riglewski, 7–5, 7–6


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse – Doubles
The 1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse was a men's tennis tournament played on Indoor Carpet in Toulouse, France that was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the twelfth edition of the tournament and was held from 4 October – 10 October.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse – Singles
The 1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Toulouse, France that was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the twelfth edition of the tournament and was held from 4 October – 10 October.


1993 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse – Singles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season
The 1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the 45th F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship season.


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Season summary
Kevin Schwantz won the 1993 world championship in a season marred by the tragic end to his rival Wayne Rainey's career. Schwantz started the season strongly with four wins by the midpoint of the season. With three races remaining, Rainey had battled back to take the championship points lead while Schwantz nursed a wrist injury. At the Italian Grand Prix, Rainey had just taken the lead and was pulling away when he fell. He suffered serious spinal injuries and would never walk again. Rainey's accident marked the end of an era of American domination in Grand Prix racing.


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Season summary
Newcomers Daryl Beattie and Alex Barros took their first wins (Barros after twice crashing out of the lead) while Mick Doohan struggled to recover from his serious leg injuries. Freddie Spencer made one more comeback attempt but crashed in two of the first three rounds. Honda entered factory test rider Shinichi Itoh on a third bike with development parts, rumored to include electronic fuel injection, as he was noticeably faster in a straight line that the other Honda riders. When Itoh broke the 200 mph barrier at Hockenheim, it gave credence to these rumors. Officially, all three bikes gained the injection system at the same time


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Season summary
A new star emerged on the 250 scene with Tetsuya Harada taking the crown in a tight battle with Loris Capirossi. German privateer, Dirk Raudies won the 125 crown with 9 victories on a Honda.


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Season summary
The 1993 season also marks the last time a rider is allowed to compete in two different classes at the same race.


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, 1993 Grand Prix season calendar
The following Grands Prix were scheduled to take place in 1993:


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Results and standings, 500cc riders' standings
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Results and standings, 250cc riders' standings
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.


1993 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Results and standings, 125cc riders' standings
Points are awarded to the top fifteen finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.


1993 Greek Ice Hockey Championship season
The 1993 Greek Ice Hockey Championship season was the fifth season of the Greek Ice Hockey Championship. Four teams participated in the league, and Iptameni Pagodromoi Athen won their second league title.


1993 Greek legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 10 October 1993. The Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) of Andreas Papandreou, was elected with 170 of the 300 seats, defeating the conservative New Democracy party of Constantine Mitsotakis.


1993 Green Bay Packers season
The 1993 Green Bay Packers season was their 75th season overall and their 73rd in the National Football League. They had  a 9–7 record and won their first playoff berth in 11 years. The record also marked the first back-to-back winning season since the Packers 1967 season. During the regular season, the Packers finished with 340 points, ranking sixth in the National Football League, and allowed 282 points, ranking ninth. In his third year as a pro and second with the Packers, quarterback Brett Favre led the Packers offense, passing for 3,303 yards and 19 touchdowns. Favre, who played his first full season, was selected to his second of eleven Pro Bowl appearances.


1993 Green Bay Packers season
In the playoffs, the Packers played in the NFC Wild Card Game against the Detroit Lions. The Packers won 28–24, closing with a 40-yard touchdown pass from Brett Favre to Sterling Sharpe with 55 seconds left. In the NFC Divisional Playoff Game, the Packers played the Dallas Cowboys and lost 27–17.


1993 Green Bay Packers season
The Packers commemorated their 75th overall season of professional football in 1993 with a "75" logo uniform patch, one year before the NFL's diamond anniversary.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Offseason, Free agents
In the off season, the Packers signed future Pro Football Hall of Famer Reggie White in one of the biggest moves in Packers history.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Offseason, 1993 NFL Draft
The Green Bay Packers selected Linebacker Wayne Simmons in the first round of the 1993 NFL Draft. In the fifth round the Packers drafted quarterback Mark Brunell, who would later become Jacksonville Jaguars careerpassing yards leader.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Regular season, Opening week
The Green Bay Packers started the season strong with a 36–6 win over the Los Angeles Rams. The Packers showed a strong defense and offense in the win. The Rams finished with 53-yards rushing, and Bryce Paup and George Koonce were able to record a safety on one play. Rams quarterback, Jim Everett completed 17 of 41 passes for 175 yards and two interceptions. The offense recorded 381 total yards, scoring in six of eight possessions. Quarterback Brett Favre completed 19 of 29 passes for 264 yards and two touchdowns. For one of the touchdowns, Favre completed a 50-yard touchdown pass to Sterling Sharpe, who finished with seven catches for 120 yards.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Regular season, Three game skid
After the strong start against the Rams, the Packers lost the following three games. The first came in a 20–17 loss to the Philadelphia Eagles at Lambeau Field. Despite gaining a 17–7 lead in the third quarter, the Packers only managed 159 yards of total offense in the game. Starting linebacker Brian Noble left the field with a season-ending injury as the Eagles were able to rally from behind.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Regular season, Three game skid
The Eagles gained the lead with under five minutes to play when Randall Cunningham escaped a sack from former teammate Reggie White, and firing a 40-yard touchdown pass to Eagles receiver Victor Bailey. Following a bye week, the Packers traveled to the Metrodome to play the Minnesota Vikings. The Packers again fell short of victory in the closing seconds of the game. The Packers were leading 13–12 before Jim McMahon completed a 45-yard pass on third and ten to Eric Guliford, who was wide open. With four seconds left, Vikings kicker Fuad Reveiz completed his fifth field goal to give the Vikings a 15–13 victory. The following week, the Packers lost their third straight to defending Super Bowl champions, the Dallas Cowboys.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Regular season, Winning streak
After losing three of their first four games, the Packers proceeded to win six of their next seven, defeating four conference opponents. The Packers won their second game of the season, narrowly defeating the Denver Broncos on Brett Favre's birthday. At halftime the Packers held a 30–7 lead, scoring on each of their first six possessions. Brett Favre passed for 182 yards in the first half, including a 66-yard touchdown pass to Jackie Harris. John Stephens and Edgar Bennett each scored one-yard touchdown runs and Chris Jackie made three field goals.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Regular season, Winning streak
In the second half the Packers gained only 61 yards on offense. Brett Favre threw three interceptions, including one which was returned for a touchdown. Broncos quarterback John Elway completed 33 of 59 passes for 367 yards and a touchdown, helping to close the Packers lead to 30–27. The Broncos had a chance to tie or win the game on their last drive, but came up short when Reggie White was able to sack John Elway twice. After the win the Packers had another bye week.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Regular season, Winning streak
In week eight the Packers defeated the Tampa Bay Buccaneers 37–14, bringing their record to 3–3. Brett Favre completed 20 of 35 passes for 268 yards. Sterling Sharpe caught a career-high four touchdown passes, tying a Green Bay Packer record held by Don Hutson. For the second week in a row the Packers faced a conference opponent. They defeated the Chicago Bears 17–3 and forced seven sacks and three turnovers in the game.


1993 Green Bay Packers season, Regular season, The Beginning of the Lambeau Leap
The Packers beat the Raiders in the final home game of the regular season. But this game will be remembered for the start of the famed Lambeau Leap. Packer LeRoy Butler forced a fumble from Raider quarterback Vince Evans that Reggie White recovered. After running 10 yards, White lateraled the ball to Butler, who ran the remaining 25 yards into the end zone. Butler then made the lunging leap into the south bleachers and inviting arms of crazed fans. The true first "Leap" came the week before at Milwaukee County Stadium.


1993 Greenlandic Men's Football Championship
The 1993 Greenlandic Men's Football Championship was the 23rd edition of the Greenlandic Men's Football Championship. The final round was held in Qaqortoq. It was won by B-67 Nuuk for the first time in its history.


1993 Greenlandic Men's Football Championship, Second round, South Greenland
Nagtoralik Paamiut and Siuteroq Nanortalik-43 qualified for the Final Round.


1993 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens
The 1993 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens was the 27th edition of the Grote Prijs Jef Scherens cycle race and was held on 5 September 1993. The race started and finished in Leuven. The race was won by Frans Maassen.


1993 Guam earthquake
The 1993 Guam earthquake occurred on August 8 at 6:34:26 pm local time with a moment magnitude of 7.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The thrust earthquake generated a non-destructive tsunami, injured as many as 71 people, and inflicted about $250 million in damage on Guam.


1993 Guangdong–Hong Kong Cup
Guangdong-Hong Kong Cup 1992–93 is the 15th staging of this two-leg football competition between Hong Kong and Guangdong.


1993 Guangdong–Hong Kong Cup
The first leg was played in Mong Kok Stadium on 3 January 1993 while the second leg was played in Guangzhou on 10 January 1993.


1993 Guangdong–Hong Kong Cup
Hong Kong captured champion by winning an aggregate 2–1 against Guangdong.


1993 Guangdong–Hong Kong Cup, Squads, Hong Kong
The Hong Kong team consists mainly of players from Eastern and the team has 3 non-Hong Kong players. Some of the players in the squad include:


1993 Guatemalan constitutional crisis
The 1993 Guatemala constitutional crisis took place in 1993 when then President Jorge Serrano Elías attempted a self-coup or autogolpe. On Tuesday May 25, 1993, Serrano illegally suspended the constitution, dissolved Congress and the Supreme Court, imposed censorship and tried to restrict civil freedom.


1993 Guatemalan constitutional crisis
The attempted self-coup was similar to the one carried out by Alberto Fujimori, but unlike Fujimori's, had no popular support: Serrano's action met with strong protests by most elements of Guatemalan society, at the forefront of which was the Siglo Veintiuno newspaper under the leadership of José Rubén Zamora. This was combined with international pressure (the Organization of American States condemned the autogolpe), and the army's enforcement of the decisions of the Constitutional Court, which ruled against the attempted takeover.


1993 Guatemalan constitutional crisis
In the face of this pressure, Serrano resigned as president and fled the country. He was replaced on an interim basis by his vice president, Gustavo Espina. However, Espina was judged by the Constitutional Court to have been involved in the coup as well, and Congress replaced him with Human Rights Ombudsman Ramiro de León.


1993 Guatemalan constitutional crisis, Self-coup
In the early morning hours of Tuesday May 25, 1993, President Jorge Serrano Elías suspended the Constitution, dissolved the Congress, disbanded the Supreme Court, and declared himself dictator for the next two and one half years. He also suspended 59 articles of the Guatemalan Constitution. At the same time, Serrano called on the Supreme Electoral Tribunal to convoke elections for a National Constituent Assembly in 60 days.


1993 Guatemalan constitutional crisis, Self-coup
Serrano had seriously overestimated his support from the military and underestimated the international diplomatic reaction to his coup. Furthermore, his move had the unintended effect of catalyzing opposition not only to his leadership but to the whole structure of backroom military power that he had hoped would support him, thus bringing together an unlikely coalition of progressive business interests, human rights groups, and Maya activists that would play an important role in the 1996 Peace Accord negotiations”.


1993 Guatemalan constitutional crisis, Self-coup
In a last bid to stay in office, Serrano tried to recall the Congress which he had dissolved in May. Few responded and Serrano was forced to step down. He subsequently fled to El Salvador under military protection on June 2. Serrano’s departure provoked another crisis when on June 2 another of his supporters, Vice-President Gustavo Espina Salguero, proclaimed himself President. Espina was prevented from taking office on the evening of June 2 when only 44 deputies attended Congress to approve his swearing-in. On June 4, the Court of Constitutionality ruled that Espina was not eligible for the presidency due to his support for Serrano’s coup. The Court ordered the Congress to reconvene and elect a new President within 24 hours”.


1993 Guatemalan presidential election
Indirect presidential elections were held in Guatemala on 5 June 1993. They were sparked by the 1993 Guatemalan constitutional crisis in which President Jorge Serrano Elías had attempted a self-coup. The result was a victory for Ramiro de León Carpio, who won unopposed in the second round of voting, whilst the army-backed Arturo Herbruger was elected vice-president.


1993 Guinean presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Guinea on 19 December 1993. They were the first since the country returned to multi-party politics in 1990, and the first to feature more than one candidate. The result was a victory for Lansana Conté of the Unity and Progress Party, who received 51.7% of the vote. Voter turnout was 78.5%.


1993 Gulf Club Champions Cup
The Gulf Club Champions Cup (Arabic: كأس الأندية الخليجية), is a football league tournament for the Arabian Peninsula, it's a tournament for clubs. The 1993 edition was known as the Gulf Cooperation Council Club Tournament.


1993 Gulf Club Champions Cup
The tournament doubled up as the qualifying round of the 1993–94 Asian Club Championship. The winners would progress to the ACC's latter stages.


1993 Haitian Senate election
Partial Senate elections were held in Haiti on 18 January 1993 to elect one-third of the 27-member Senate. The elections were held alongside by-elections for one seat in the Senate and three in the Chamber of Deputies.


1993 Haitian Senate election
Held under the rule of Raoul Cédras (who had overthrown the democratically elected government in a 1991 coup) and overseen by Marc Bazin, the elections were declared illegitimate by the Permanent Council of the Organization of American States. The members elected were supportive of the coup.


1993 Haitian Senate election, Aftermath
On 2 March, police and soldiers entered Parliament to try to remove 13 parliamentarians elected in 1990 in order to ensure the newly elected members could take their place. The presence of the members elected in the 1993 elections was an additional obstacle in the negotiations to return to civilian rule; however, it was agreed that they would not take their seats.


1993 Hall of Fame Bowl
The 1993 Hall of Fame Bowl featured the 16th-ranked Boston College Eagles, and the 17th-ranked Tennessee Vols. It was the seventh edition to the Hall of Fame Bowl. The game marked the first for the Vols under new head coach Phillip Fulmer, replacing Johnny Majors after his resignation.


1993 Hall of Fame Bowl
Tennessee scored first after quarterback Heath Shuler scored on a 1-yard touchdown run making the score 7–0 Tennessee. Shuler fired a 27-yard touchdown pass to Corey Fleming, as Tennessee led 14–0 after the first quarter. In the second quarter, Boston College's Glenn Foley threw a 12-yard touchdown pass to Mitchell making the halftime score 14–7.


1993 Hall of Fame Bowl
In the third quarter, Shuler scored on a 17-yard touchdown run making it 21–7. After a Tennessee field goal, Shuler threw a 69-yard touchdown pass to Mose Phillips, as Tennessee took a 31–7 lead. In the fourth quarter, backup quarterback Colquitt fired a 48-yard touchdown pass to Corey Fleming as Tennessee opened up a 38–7 lead. A touchdown pass from Foley, and a 7-yard run by Campbell made the final margin 38–23.


1993 Hamburg state election
The 1993 Hamburg state election was held on 19 September 1993 to elect the members of the 15th Hamburg Parliament. The incumbent government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) lost its majority. The election saw the entry of the Statt Party into Parliament, with which the SPD formed a coalition. First Mayor Henning Voscherau continued in office.


1993 Hamburg state election, Parties
The table below lists parties represented in the 14th Hamburg Parliament.


1993 Hamilton Tiger-Cats season
The 1993 Hamilton Tiger-Cats season was the 36th season for the team in the Canadian Football League and their 44th overall. The Tiger-Cats finished in 2nd place in the East Division with a 6–12 record. After defeating the Ottawa Rough Riders in the East Semi-Final, the team appeared in the East Final, but lost to the heavily favoured Winnipeg Blue Bombers by a single point.


1993 Harrods bombing
The 1993 Harrods bombing occurred on 28 January 1993 when a bomb exploded near the Harrods department store in London, England. At 9:14, two telephoned warnings were issued, saying that two bombs had been planted: one outside and one inside Harrods. The store was due to open at 10:00. Police cordoned off the area and began a search. However, some bystanders ignored the police cordon. At about 9:40, a package containing 1 lb of Semtex exploded in a litter bin at the front of the store. It injured four people and damaged the shopfront. The cost of damage and lost sales was estimated at £1 million. Harrods was previously targeted in 1974 and 1983, but the 1993 bomb was much smaller than the 1983 one.


1993 Harrods bombing, Perpetrators
Those responsible were English Irish nationalist activists associated with the Provisional IRA: Jan Taylor, a 51-year-old former corporal who had served in the British Army Royal Signals Corps, and Patrick Hayes, a 41-year-old computer programmer of Irish descent, with a degree in business studies from Polytechnic of Central London and a member of Red Action.