1990 Bijnor riot, Aftermath
The entire administration was subject to a complete overhaul, soon. Pro -active policing was relied upon along with peace-building measures, to prevent any recurrence. The town has not been witness to any riot, since.


1990 Bijnor riot, Aftermath
The next elections for state as well as national legislature were won by BJP with percentage-totals of 53 and 47 respectively.


1990 Bijnor riot, Analysis
The riot has been deemed to be the most destructive riot in the wake of concurrent Hindu nationalist campaigns.


1990 Bijnor riot, Analysis
Jeffery argues that the riots primarily arose from pre-existing negative stereotyping of Muslims by the Hindu populace which reached a tipping point around November 1990, guided by the broader political sentiments of militant Hindu mobilization under BJP and aggressive responses by the BSP government in state; once the riots started there was a cycle of retaliation, further confirmation of prejudices and further retaliation, effectively leading to an unchecked cycle of positive feedback. Jeffery failed to locate any standing in the economic sphere, though.


1990 Bijnor riot, Analysis
He noted that local explanations varied from claiming of the riot being organised and perpetuated in entirety by outsiders to blaming the local Muslims and Khan. All the sides commonly blamed the state machinery for adding to the riots, though. Some gave justifications based on intersection of caste and religion, as well. Jeffery did note that a combination of all these factors, contributed to the riots, as well.


1990 Bijnor riot, Analysis
Basu, however, argues that the causes ought be located in the intersection of social, political as well economic planes.


1990 Bijnor riot, Analysis
Almost all the Hindus interviewed by Basu, in the aftermath of the riots, squarely blamed Khan, for communalizing the regional politics and even instigating the riots, contrary to all available evidence. The political need of the Hindus to exert themselves in the local municipal council and thus, gain greater control over economy, aided in the manifestation of the riot. Khan's success in forging a Muslim+Lower-caste electoral base under BSP's aegis and transgression of rigid social boundaries, also hampered the social goal of BJP to subsume all Hindus under the fold of Hindutva, thus hampering larger political prospects in the region. This was since reflected in BJP playing integral roles in building up the volatile atmosphere up till the riots.


1990 Billboard Music Awards
Here are the finalists and winners at the 1990 Billboard Music Awards.


1990 Birthday Honours
The Birthday Honours 1990 for the Commonwealth realms were announced on 15 June 1990, to celebrate the Queen's Birthday of 1990.


1990 Birthday Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged firstly by the country whose ministers advised the Queen on the appointments, then by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1990 Birthday Honours, Papua New Guinea, Order of the British Empire, Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)
Colonel David Leo Yanaimas Takendu. For service to the Papua New Guinea Defence Force.


1990 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)
The 1990 Queen's Birthday Honours in New Zealand, celebrating the official birthday of Elizabeth II, were appointments made by the Queen in her right as Queen of New Zealand, on the advice of the New Zealand government, to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. They were announced on 16 June 1990.


1990 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.


1990 Birthday Honours (Queen Mother)
The British Birthday Honours 1990 included a number of honours and awards to celebrate the 90th Birthday of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake
The 1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake occurred near the town of Bishop's Castle, Shropshire, England on 2 April.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Location, date and time
On 2 April 1990, a powerful earth tremor was felt across much of England and Wales at 13:46 34.2s GMT. Early news reports in the immediate aftermath speculatively attributed the epicentre to places as far apart as Nottingham and a valley in the east of Wales and then settled on Wrexham, before geologists finally concluded that it had in fact been in the vicinity of the small town of Clun near the town of Bishop's Castle, Shropshire.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Cause
Bishops Castle lies atop an ancient geological fault line – the Pontesford-Linley fault. A sudden movement in the fault sent shock waves through the rock. The local rocks are predominantly Jurassic Middle Lias.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Magnitude
The magnitude of the earthquake was originally measured as being between 4.9 and 5.4 on the Richter scale. Its final estimated magnitude was 5.1, which meant that it was the strongest earthquake to have struck the UK since the 1984 Llŷn Peninsula earthquake.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
The earthquake was felt by people as far away as the east of the Republic of Ireland to the west, the city of Newcastle upon Tyne to the north-east, the county of Kent to the south-east, and the county of Cornwall to the south-west.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
In Shrewsbury, the county town of Shropshire, which lies approximately 20 miles to the north-east of Bishop's Castle, there was damage to masonry, with a number of chimney stacks being broken off from roofs and collapsing partially or completely into gardens and streets. Some others were knocked askew. Several of the worst affected buildings, including shops, were evacuated. Police cordons were put up around houses at risk of chimney-collapse until they had been made safe, with at least fifty properties in the town reported as requiring emergency attention within the twenty-four hours immediately following the event, while others requiring less urgent treatment were tended to on subsequent days.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
There was also damage to ornamental features such as crosses and gargoyles built into the masonry of some of Shrewsbury's medieval churches, and to Clun Castle.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
Electrical power was lost from areas served by some substations situated approximately thirty kilometres (seventeen miles) from the epicentre after the earthquake caused transformers at the substations to trip offline.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
Residents of the worst affected areas, including parts of Shrewsbury, reported lateral shaking and swaying to the walls of their houses at the height of the tremor, which was preceded and then accompanied by a rumbling noise that gained strength over a period of 15 to 30 seconds before reaching and sustaining peak intensity during the most severe shaking. Finally, the movement and accompanying sound tailed off much more rapidly than it had first built up, stopping altogether within just a few seconds from the peak activity.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
Damage to buildings was also reported in Wrexham, and some minor damage as far north as Liverpool and Manchester.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
An engineering consultant, using the 1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake specifications as a model, has estimated that the slightly weaker 2002 Dudley earthquake measuring 4.8 on the Richter scale would have caused structural damage of an order costing less than 5% of the cost of the complete reconstruction of an entire property to repair, to 1% of buildings situated in towns in the vicinity of the epicentre.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
While some indication of the typical percentage of homes damaged to a similarly minor extent by a slightly stronger earthquake measuring 5.1 on the Richter scale may be extrapolated from this estimation, a representative of the British Geological Survey has stated that 'numerous' but fewer than 20% of properties in Shrewsbury suffered the partial or total loss of their chimneys or damage of equivalent gravity (see below).


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
Reliable, exact figures of the percentage of buildings damaged close to the epicentre of the 1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake are not readily available, but the aforesaid sources taken together appear clearly to indicate that between 1% and 20% of properties in towns near the epicentre suffered damage of European Macroseismic Scale Grade 7 severity.


1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake, Impact
The Welsh Borders suffer frequent earthquakes by British standards. Over the last century, there have been sizeable shocks near Hereford in 1896 and 1924, near Shrewsbury in 1932, and near Ludlow in 1926.


1990 Blockbuster Bowl
The 1990 Blockbuster Bowl was an American college football bowl game between the Penn State Nittany Lions and the Florida State Seminoles.


1990 Blockbuster Bowl, Background
The Nittany Lions lost their first two games of the season before going on a nine-game winning streak. Florida State won their first four games, lost two straight, and then won five straight.


1990 Blockbuster Bowl, Game summary
On their first drive, the Seminoles scored on a Richie Andrews 41 yard field goal. Penn State could not respond, Florida State benefited off a 39-yard punt return that culminated with an Amp Lee touchdown. Tony Sacca threw a touchdown to David Daniels to put the Nittany Lions on the board with 1:13 remaining in the first quarter. Amp Lee ran for his second touchdown of the game early into the second quarter, giving the Seminoles a ten-point lead, which they retained up until the third quarter. In that quarter, Craig Fayak narrowed the lead on a 32-yard field goal.


1990 Blockbuster Bowl, Game summary
In response, Casey Weldon scored on a touchdown run to make the score 24–10. Penn State narrowed the lead to seven on a Terry Smith touchdown catch from Tom Bill. The Nittany Lions had one final chance to tie the game after getting into the Seminoles' red zone. With three minutes remaining, Seminole John Davis intercepted a pass near the end zone, as the Seminoles soon ran the clock out, winning the first annual Blockbuster Bowl. Amp Lee was named MVP of the game after rushing for 86 yards on 21 attempts for two touchdowns, while also catching 5 passes for 32 yards. Florida State dominated the possession of the game, having it for 33:47, opposed to Penn State's 26:13.


1990 Blockbuster Bowl, Aftermath
The Seminoles would return to the bowl in 2008 and 2011. Penn State would return in 1993.


1990 Bohol Sea earthquake
The 1990 Bohol earthquake occurred on February 8, 1990 at 15:15:32 (UTC +8) which had a magnitude of 6.8 on the moment magnitude scale and VII (Very strong) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale. Most of the damage was observed in the province of Bohol. A tsunami hit the southeastern coastline of Bohol and the island of Camiguin. There were 6 deaths, over 200 injuries and an estimated ₱157 million ($7 million) in total damages reported.


1990 Bohol Sea earthquake
23 years later, a similar quake occurred and wreak havoc.


1990 Bohol Sea earthquake, Background
The archipelago called The Philippines is usually prone to earthquakes due to its location within the Pacific Ring of Fire, where most of the world's seismological events occur. However, the Central Visayas region is not particularly known for having frequent seismic activity. But if these do happen, they are surprisingly violent and information is sparse.


1990 Bohol Sea earthquake, Earthquake
The epicentre of the quake was located 17 km Southeast of Tagbilaran City and was due to the rupture of an unknown fault line offshore Bohol Island. It had a magnitude of 6.8 and was recorded as an Intensity VII by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology but lowered down to Intensity VI by the United States Geological Survey on the Rossi–Forel scale and the Mercalli scale respectively.


1990 Bohol Sea earthquake, Tsunami
The rupture from the unknown fault that caused the earthquake had also generated tsunami waves reported as high as 2 meters that had hit the surrounding islands nearby. Though no damage was reported from the said waves.


1990 Bohol Sea earthquake, Casualties and damage
Damage was mostly sustained by the Eastern and Southeastern Coastline of Bohol most of which were due to poorly built infrastructure that couldn't stand such strong movement. Estimates say that about 3,000 units of houses and other structures as well as 182 of which were totally demolished such  as a bridge connecting the towns of Jagna and Duero and roads to the town of Anda. Landslides and Fissures have also been observed in particular places near the epicenter. The total cost is estimated at ₱157 million ($7 million).


1990 Bohol Sea earthquake, Casualties and damage
There were six (6) confirmed deaths from the quake and at least 200 injuries. A further 46,000 were displaced and 7,000 homeless.


1990 Boise State Broncos football team
The 1990 Boise State Broncos football team represented Boise State University in the 1990 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Broncos competed in the Big Sky Conference and played their home games on campus at Bronco Stadium in Boise, Idaho. The Broncos were led by fourth-year head coach Skip Hall, Boise State finished the season 10–4 overall and 6–2 in conference.


1990 Boise State Broncos football team
The Broncos returned to the Division I-AA playoffs and advanced to the semifinals, but fell to conference rival Nevada in triple overtime. Three Big Sky teams were selected for the 16-team postseason and all won their openers: Idaho fell in the quarters, BSU in the semis and Nevada in the final.


1990 Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 1990 Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council election took place on 4 May 1990 to elect members of  Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council in Greater Manchester, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Labour party kept overall control of the council


1990 Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council election
22 seats were contested in the election: 18 were won by the Labour Party, 3 by the Conservative Party, and 1 by the Liberal Democrats. There were 2 seats each contested in both the Farnworth and the Kearsley wards. After the election, the composition of the council was


1990 Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council election, Council Composition
Prior to the election the composition of the council was:


1990 Bootle by-elections
Two Bootle by-elections were held during 1990, for the House of Commons constituency of Bootle in Merseyside.


1990 Bootle by-elections
Bootle was one of the Labour Party's safest seats, having held the seat since 1945.


1990 Bootle by-elections, May by-election
The first by-election was caused by the death of Labour MP Allan Roberts, on 21 March 1990. Roberts had held the seat since the 1979 general election, and his majority had remained over 15,000 votes; even at the 1983 general election, which was a landslide victory for the Conservative Party. At the 1987 general election, Roberts' majority had increased to almost 25,000 votes.


1990 Bootle by-elections, May by-election
For the by-election, Labour selected Michael Carr, a full-time official for the Transport and General Workers Union, and a former Labour Party councillor. The Conservatives, who had consistently taken second place in the seat but was struggling in the national polls, nominated James Clappison, a barrister from Yorkshire. He had unsuccessfully contested Barnsley East for the Conservative Party in 1987, and the South Yorkshire constituency at the 1989 European Parliament election.


1990 Bootle by-elections, May by-election
The newly named Liberal Democrats had suffered in the national polls since their formation by a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party (SDP), and in Bootle they were challenged by both David Owen's continuing Social Democratic Party and Michael Meadowcroft's continuing Liberal Party, each consisting of members of the former Alliance parties who had rejected their merger.


1990 Bootle by-elections, May by-election
The Green Party also nominated a candidate. Screaming Lord Sutch of the Official Monster Raving Loony Party and an independent rounded out the field.


1990 Bootle by-elections, May by-election
The Loonies gained publicity after the Labour Party election agent unsuccessfully tried to get Sutch charged with having a public house as an election campaign headquarters. This had not been illegal since 1987.


1990 Bootle by-elections, May by-election
The election was held on 24 May. Despite having to contend with a large field of candidates, Carr increased the Labour vote, to win with more than three-quarters of all the votes cast. The Conservative vote halved, although they retained second place, as the Liberal Democrat vote could not match that of the SDP-Liberal Alliance in 1987. The Greens polled 3.6%, while the continuing Liberals fared poorly, and the continuing Social Democrats were beaten even by the Monster Raving Loonies. Sutch jokingly offered to form a coalition with them, and the party was wound up soon afterwards, but Holmes formed yet another Social Democratic Party of members who wished to continue.


1990 Bootle by-elections, November by-election
Carr died on 20 July, only 57 days after his by-election victory. A second by-election was called for 8 November.


1990 Bootle by-elections, November by-election
Labour nominated Joe Benton, the leader of Sefton Borough Council, a local Justice of the Peace and a personnel manager with Girobank. All the other parties nominated the same candidates as in May, except for the Social Democratic Party which did not participate (neither did the independent Schofield). The only addition to the field was David Black, a candidate in the previous year's Vauxhall and Vale of Glamorgan by-elections, standing as "Christian Alliance".


1990 Bootle by-elections, November by-election
On a low turnout of 39.7%, Benton increased the Labour Party majority again, taking 78.2% of the vote. The Conservative vote held steady, while all the other parties fell back. This allowed the Loonies to overtake the continuing Liberal Party.


1990 Bootle by-elections, November by-election
Benton remained as the Member of Parliament for Bootle until he retired in 2015, while Clappison was elected in 1992 for Hertsmere; he too retired in 2015.


1990 Borders Regional Council election
The 1990 Borders Regional Council election, the fifth election to Borders Regional Council, was held on 3 May 1990 as part of the wider 1990 Scottish regional elections. The election saw the Independents gain a majority on the 23 seat council.


1990 Bosnian general election
General elections were held in Bosnia and Herzegovina on 18 November 1990, with a second round of voting in the House of Peoples elections on 2 December. These were the final general elections to be held in Bosnia and Herzegovina while it was still a constituent republic of the SFR Yugoslavia.


1990 Bosnian general election
A presidential election was held to elect candidates to a seven-member republic presidium. Six candidates were elected by members of Bosnia's nations (two each by Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Serbs, and Bosnian Croats), and a seventh candidate was elected to represent all "others".


1990 Bosnian general election
All of the presidential seats were won by parties structured around national lines: the Party of Democratic Action (SDA) won the two Muslim seats, the Serb Democratic Party (SDS) won the two Serb seats, the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) won the two Croat seats, and the "other" seat was won by SDA member Ejup Ganić, who ran as a "Yugoslav". Although Fikret Abdić received more votes than any other candidate, he agreed to stand aside and permit fellow SDA member Alija Izetbegović to become president of the presidium.


1990 Bosnian general election
The Party of Democratic Action also emerged as the largest party in the election for the Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with 43 of the 130 seats in the Chamber of Citizens and 43 of the 110 seats in the Chamber of Municipalities. Voter turnout was 74.4% for the presidential election, 81.6% for the Chamber of Municipalities election and 77.5% for the Chamber of Citizens election. However, the election was marred by irregularities; in Brčko, Doboj, Nevesinje and Sarajevo there were more votes than registered voters (13,316 registered voters in Brčko but 49,055 votes, 4,771 voters in the Old City of Sarajevo but 28,974 votes).


1990 Bosnian municipal elections
The municipal elections of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1990 were won by several parties. In most municipalities they organized governments in coalitions, or independently if they had a large majority.


1990 Bosnian municipal elections
In most municipalities with either a relative or absolute Bosniak majority, Party of Democratic Action (SDA) won a majority of the vote and the right to choose the mayor.


1990 Bosnian municipal elections
In most municipalities with either a relative or absolute Serbian majority, Serbian Democratic Party (SDS) won a majority of the vote and the right to choose the mayor. SDS also won elections in Doboj and Vogošća (a Bosniak relative majority).


1990 Bosnian municipal elections
In most municipalities with either a relative or absolute Croatian majority, Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina (HDZ) won a majority of the vote and the right to choose the mayor. Only in Vareš—a municipality with a relative Croatian majority—did HDZ not win a majority of votes. HDZ also won elections in Bugojno, Fojnica, Jajce, Žepče, Stolac and Mostar (a Bosniak relative majority) and Modriča and Derventa and Kotor Varoš (a Serbian relative majority).


1990 Bosnian municipal elections
Nationally, Fikret Abdić gained the most votes to become President. He never assumed the presidency however, leaving it to Alija Izetbegović.


1990 Boston College Eagles football team
The 1990 Boston College Eagles football team represented Boston College in the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Eagles were led by head coach Jack Bicknell, in his 10th and final season with Boston College, and played their home games at Alumni Stadium in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. This was the last season in which Boston College competed as an independent, as the Big East Conference, of which the Eagles were a founding member, began sponsoring football in 1991.


1990 Boston Marathon
The 1990 Boston Marathon was the 94th running of the annual marathon race in Boston, United States, which was held on April 16. The elite men's race was won by Italy's Gelindo Bordin in a time of 2:08:19 hours and the women's race was won by Portugal's Rosa Mota in 2:25:24.


1990 Boston Marathon
A total of 7950 runners finished the race, 6516 men and 1434 women.


1990 Boston Red Sox season
The 1990 Boston Red Sox season was the 90th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 88 wins and 74 losses. It was the third AL East division championship in five years for the Red Sox. However, the team was defeated in a four-game sweep by the Oakland Athletics in the ALCS, as had been the case in 1988.


1990 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season, Highlights
The Red Sox set a major league record, which still stands, for the most times grounding into a double play during a season, 174.


1990 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season, Highlights
On June 6, the Red Sox got a measure of retribution for Bucky Dent's home run in the 1978 American League East tie-breaker game. While in Boston for a four-game series, the New York Yankees fired Dent as their manager. The Red Sox had just defeated the Yankees in the first two games of the series, giving the Yankees an 18–31 record, 8+1⁄2 games behind the first-place Red Sox. The firing made Fenway Park arguably the scene of Dent's best moment as a player and worst moment as manager.


1990 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season, Highlights
Dan Shaughnessy of The Boston Globe criticized Yankees owner George Steinbrenner for firing Dent—his 18th managerial change in as many years—in Boston, and rhetorically asked if he couldn't have waited to fire Dent elsewhere. Shaughnessy noted, "if Dent had been fired in Seattle or Milwaukee, this would have been just another event in an endless line of George's jettisons. But it happened in Boston and the nightly news had its hook." Author Bill Pennington called the firing of Dent "merciless." However, Yankees television analyst Tony Kubek blasted at Steinbrenner for the firing in a harsh, angry way.


1990 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season, Highlights
At the beginning of the broadcast of the game on MSG Network, he said to Yankees television play-by-play announcer Dewayne Staats, "George Steinbrenner made a big deal that the Dave Winfield situation was mishandled. I think George mishandled this. You don't take a Bucky Dent (at) the site of one of the greatest home runs in Yankee history and fire him and make it a media circus for the Boston Red Sox." He then stared defiantly on camera and said to Steinbrenner, "You don't do it by telephone, either, George.


1990 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season, Highlights
You do it face to face, eyeball to eyeball, even though you may have had a deposition to give to Mr. Dowd (John Dowd, who investigated Steinbrenner's relationship with Howard Spira). If you really are a winner, you should not have handled this like a loser." He then said, angrily, "George, you're a bully and a coward." He then said that "What all this does, it just wrecks George Steinbrenner's credibility with his players, with the front office and in baseball more than it already is–if that's possible. It was just mishandled." The firing of Dent shook New York to its core and the Yankees flagship radio station then, WABC, which also criticized the firing, ran editorials demanding that Steinbrenner sell the team.


1990 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season, Alumni game
The team held an old-timers game on May 19, before a scheduled home game against the Minnesota Twins. Red Sox alumni pitchers Bill Lee, Bill Monbouquette, and Dick Radatz allowed just one hit (to former Detroit Tiger Willie Horton) in the four-inning game, as Boston won by a 2–0 score over a team of MLB alumni from other clubs.


1990 Boston Red Sox season, Farm system
The Lynchburg Red Sox and Winter Haven Red Sox changed classification from Class A to Class A-Advanced.


1990 Boston Red Sox season, Farm system
The Red Sox shared a DSL team with the Detroit Tigers and San Diego Padres. Source:


1990 Boston University Terriers football team
The 1990 Boston University Terriers football team was an American football team that represented Boston University as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1990 NCAA Division I-AA football season. In their first season under head coach Dan Allen, the Terriers compiled a 5–6 record (4–4 against conference opponents), finished sixth in the Yankee Conference, and were outscored by a total of 273 to 246.


1990 Bowling Green Falcons football team
The 1990 Bowling Green Falcons football team was an American football team that represented Bowling Green University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fifth and final season under head coach Moe Ankney, the Falcons compiled a 3–5–2 record (2–4–2 against MAC opponents), finished in sixth place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 163 to 138.


1990 Bowling Green Falcons football team
The team's statistical leaders included Erik White with 1,386 passing yards, George Johnson with 427 rushing yards, and Mark Szlachcic with 582 receiving yards.


1990 Brabantse Pijl
The 1990 Brabantse Pijl was the 30th edition of the Brabantse Pijl cycle race and was held on 25 March 1990. The race started in Sint-Genesius-Rode and finished in Alsemberg. The race was won by Frans Maassen.


1990 Bradford North by-election
A by-election was held for the United Kingdom House of Commons for one Member of Parliament (MP) in the constituency of Bradford North, in West Yorkshire, England, on 8 November 1990 owing to the death of the sitting MP Pat Wall.


1990 Bradford North by-election
Bradford is a city based on heavy engineering and textile industries. The Bradford North seat had been held for one Parliament by the Conservatives from 1983 to 1987, when the Labour candidate Pat Wall (a member of the Militant tendency) saw his vote split by a strong SDP challenge and by the sitting Labour MP Ben Ford standing as an Independent. (The successful Conservative, Geoffrey Lawler, had only 34.6% of the vote.)


1990 Bradford North by-election
The byelection took place when Margaret Thatcher was highly unpopular and in her last month as Prime Minister. Declining support for the Conservative government (which improved after John Major succeeded Thatcher near the end of November 1990) was reflected by the fact that the Conservative candidate in this by-election only attracted just over one in six of the total votes cast.


1990 Bradford North by-election
The successful Labour candidate Terry Rooney became the first Mormon to be elected to the House of Commons.


1990 Brandenburg state election
The 1990 Brandenburg state election was held on 14 October 1990 to elect the members of the first Landtag of Brandenburg. It was the first election held in Brandenburg since the reunification of Germany, which took place on 3 October. The Social Democratic Party (SPD) led by Manfred Stolpe emerged as the largest party with 38.2% of the vote, followed by the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) with 29.6%. The SPD subsequently formed Germany's first traffic light coalition with the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and Alliance 90, and Stolpe became Brandenburg's first post-reunification Minister-President.


1990 Brandenburg state election, Parties
The table below lists parties which won seats in the election.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix
The 1990 Brazilian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Interlagos, São Paulo on 25 March 1990. It was the second race of the 1990 Formula One World Championship. It was also the first Brazilian Grand Prix to be held at Interlagos since 1980, following the renovation and shortening of the circuit and the ascendancy of São Paulo driver Ayrton Senna.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix
The 71-lap race was won by Alain Prost, driving a Ferrari. Senna took pole position in his McLaren-Honda and led until he collided with Satoru Nakajima in the Tyrrell-Ford, allowing Prost through. Prost took his 40th Grand Prix victory, and his sixth and final Brazilian win, with Senna's teammate Gerhard Berger second and Senna himself recovering to third.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Background
The rebuilt Interlagos circuit, which hosted the race for the first time since 1980, had been dramatically altered. The track had been shortened by 3.5 km and lost many fast sweepers and the Retao straight, which had allowed Formula One drivers to use full throttle for 20 seconds.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
In the Friday morning pre-qualifying session, the Larrousse-Lola cars secured a 1–2, with Éric Bernard a couple of tenths of a second faster than his team-mate Aguri Suzuki. Five thousandths of a second behind Suzuki in third was Olivier Grouillard in the Osella. The other pre-qualifier was Yannick Dalmas in his AGS, the first time the Frenchman had progressed to the main qualifying sessions this season. Dalmas edged out his team-mate Gabriele Tarquini, who was fifth, the fastest runner to drop out at this stage.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
Roberto Moreno also missed out in sixth in an eventful session. His EuroBrun suffered an ignition problem just 200 metres after leaving the pitlane and the team decided to let Moreno use the car of his team-mate Claudio Langes, who at that stage had the sixth best time. Moreno promised Langes he would return the car for the last 10 minutes of the session. Moreno managed a fast lap that placed him at the top of the pre-qualifying table at that point, with a time of 1:25.763.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
But as he attempted a second fast lap straight afterwards, the car stopped on the track, because the team had miscalculated the fuel quantity needed for two fast laps and the EuroBrun ran out of fuel. Moreno's hope of progressing to qualifying proper ended as the track dried up, and in the final minutes of the session he was bumped down to sixth place. Langes never got back the car, and was thirteen seconds adrift of Moreno's time in eighth place.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
Bertrand Gachot struggled badly again in the Coloni, faster than Langes but still ten seconds off Bernard's pace in seventh. The Coloni's Subaru 1235 engine, built by Motori Moderni, was proving to be overweight, underpowered and fragile. Bottom of the time sheets was Gary Brabham in the Life, failing to post a time at all. The car's engine broke a connecting rod after a quarter of a lap, leaving Brabham and his manager to question the Australian's future at the team. Brabham later stated that he had been uncertain his team would even be present at Interlagos, until he saw the car in the pit garage.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Qualifying report
Local hero Ayrton Senna took his 43rd career pole position and led from the start. Gianni Morbidelli made it through qualifying for the first time in his Formula One career.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Race report
After qualifying, Williams driver Thierry Boutsen, himself third on the grid, predicted that the Ferraris on the third row of the grid would be the cars to beat, citing their semi-automatic transmission and its paddle shift which allowed both Alain Prost and Nigel Mansell to keep their hands on the wheel around the bumpy turns at the back of the circuit


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Race report
At the first corner, Jean Alesi, Alessandro Nannini and Andrea de Cesaris tangled, eliminating de Cesaris and requiring the Benetton driver to stop for a new nosecone. On lap eight Boutsen passed Berger for second place, and Prost took the V12 Ferrari past the McLaren driver on lap 17. Mansell pitted on lap 27 for new tyres and also to inspect a broken rollbar, rejoining in 9th place. Boutsen's pit stop on lap 30 went disastrously wrong. With failing brakes, and a tricky bump in the pitlane, the Williams was unable to stop and crashed into some of his mechanics and the wheel and tyre equipment stacked outside the garage. This required a new nosecone and when he rejoined, he was down in 11th position.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Prost was piling on the pressure, and by lap 35 he had climbed to second within 10 seconds of Senna, and was now ahead of Riccardo Patrese, Berger and Nelson Piquet. When Senna came up to lap former Lotus teammate Satoru Nakajima, there was contact and the McLaren had to pit for a new nosecone. He rejoined and challenged hard, but the reduced downforce levels made the car difficult to drive. On lap 66, Patrese retired with a broken oil cooler.


1990 Brazilian Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Prost took his 40th victory, and his first for Ferrari, from Berger and the recovering Senna. Mansell finished an excellent fourth, having driven through the field with a broken rollbar. Boutsen finished a creditable fifth and Piquet claimed the final point in front of his home crowd after passing Alesi – who was suffering severe tyre wear after attempting to run non-stop on his Pirellis – on the last lap.


1990 Brazilian legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Brazil on 3 October 1990, the first held under the 1988 constitution. The Brazilian Democratic Movement Party emerged as the largest party, winning 109 of the 502 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 8 of the 31 seats in the Senate.


1990 Brent London Borough Council election
The 1990 Brent Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Brent London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the council went in no overall control.


1990 Brentwood District Council election
The 1990 Brentwood Borough Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Brentwood Borough Council in England.


1990 Breyers Tennis Classic
The 1990 Breyers Tennis Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Crestview Country Club in Wichita, Kansas in the United States and was part of  the Tier IV category of the 1990 WTA Tour. It was the 10th, and last, edition of the tournament and was held from February 5 through February 11, 1990. Unseeded Dianne Van Rensburg won the singles title and earned $27,000 first-prize money.


1990 Breyers Tennis Classic, Finals, Doubles
Manon Bollegraf /  Meredith McGrath defeated  Mary-Lou Daniels /  Wendy White 6–0, 6–2


1990 Brisbane Broncos season
The 1990 Brisbane Broncos season was the third in the club's history. They competed in the NSWRL's 1990 Winfield Cup premiership and again improved on their previous year, finishing the regular season in second position before going on to come within one match of the grand final, but losing to eventual premiers, the Canberra Raiders.


1990 Brisbane Broncos season
Broncos players Chris Johns and Kevin Walters were selected to make their international débuts for the Australia national rugby league team in 1990.


1990 Brisbane Broncos season, Season summary
The Broncos had some new faces for 1990 season, including Kevin Walters who was lured home from Canberra. In order to increase the Broncos' success in the Winfield Cup, Wayne Bennett controversially sacked Wally Lewis as club captain and gave the role to centre Gene Miles. Miles had retired from representative football, and Bennett hoped he could remove the team's reliance on Lewis.


1990 Brisbane Broncos season, Season summary
The Balmian Tigers were the last team unbeaten by the Broncos until their victory in Round 18 of the 1990 season. Brisbane finished the regular season in second position, qualifying for their first finals campaign. In the Preliminary Final against the Canberra Raiders the Broncos were knocked out 30-2 so finished the 1990 season in third place. Canberra then went on to win the competition. At the end of the season, Wally Lewis parted company with the Broncos, moving to the Gold Coast Seagulls.


1990 Bristol City Council election
The 1990 Bristol City Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Bristol City Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections. One third of seats were up for election. There were by-elections in Brislington East and Easton. As Easton also had an election in the usual schedule, 2 seats were elected in that ward. There was a significant swing against the Liberal Democrats, largely as a result of the post-merger chaos that the party suffered.


1990 Bristol City Council election, Ward results
The change is calculated using the results when these actual seats were last contested, i.e. the 1986 election.


1990 Brit Awards
The 1990 Brit Awards were the 10th edition of the biggest annual pop music awards in the United Kingdom. They are run by the British Phonographic Industry and took place on 18 February 1990. The ceremony was held at the Dominion Theatre in London for the first time, having previously been held at the Royal Albert Hall, and was hosted by Cathy McGowan.


1990 Brit Awards, Multiple nominations and awards
The following artists received multiple awards and/or nominations. don't counting Outstanding Contribution to Music.


1990 Brit Awards, Notable moments, Freddie Mercury
The 1990 Brit Awards saw the final public appearance of Queen frontman Freddie Mercury. Queen appeared at the ceremony to receive the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to British Music. Mercury – who had been suffering from AIDS since 1987 but had not yet disclosed it to the public – did not make a speech, as Brian May did the talking on behalf of the other members, but his gaunt appearance was noticeable. He briefly thanked the public and wished them goodnight before Queen left the stage. Mercury died in November 1991 from complications resulting from AIDS.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown
On 11 February 1990, an active service unit of the Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade shot down a British Army Gazelle helicopter (serial number ZB687) along the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. It took place between Augher in County Tyrone and Derrygorry in County Monaghan. The helicopter was hit several times by heavy machine-gun fire and crash-landed on an open field, injuring three members of its crew of four.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Background
Since early December 1989, the British Army had been on alert in and around County Tyrone after a credible threat was made by a suspected member of the IRA about an imminent attack. On 13 December, a major assault took place when an IRA team, riding on an improvised armoured truck, raided a permanent vehicle checkpoint manned by members of the King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB) regiment near Derryard, County Fermanagh, a few yards from the border with the Republic. Two soldiers were killed in an attack that involved the use of machine guns, rocket-propelled grenades and a flamethrower.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Background
While British officials focused on members of the IRA from County Monaghan, in the Republic, supported by others from Clogher, County Tyrone, author Ed Moloney asserts that the culprit was a flying column made up of IRA volunteers from different brigades, commanded by the East Tyrone Brigade's Michael "Pete" Ryan, who himself was shot dead in 1991 in the Coagh ambush. The execution of hit-and-run raids by the IRA was "professional" and "calculating", according to British military sources.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Shootdown incident
On 11 February 1990, a patrol of the King's Own Scottish Borderers was sent to investigate a suspicious column of vehicles close to the border with the support of an unarmed Gazelle helicopter from the 656 Squadron, Army Air Corps. The motorcade was actually a diversionary manoeuvre set up by the East Tyrone Brigade to lure the troops into an ambush. As usual during the KOSB tour in Northern Ireland, the soldiers would be backed up by a helicopter. The main mission of the helicopters was to airlift patrols to different locations during a single day. Another key role was to scan the terrain for potential enemy ambushes and to block the IRA getaway by landing reinforcements on their escape route. It was never determined if the Provisionals had previously planned the shooting of the Gazelle or if the helicopter became a target of opportunity.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Shootdown incident
At 16:30, a local witness heard 50 to 60 shots fired, then she saw the helicopter skimming over an open field just north of the border, near Derrygorry, in the Republic. The Gazelle, serial number ZB687, was hit by several rounds and lost oil pressure. The crew were forced to crash-land the machine, which broke up on impact. The RUC and British Army sealed off the scene as an investigation was mounted. The official report confirmed that the Gazelle had been on a reconnaissance flight.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Shootdown incident
Three crew members were wounded in the crash, one of them a sergeant major from the KOSB, who suffered spinal injuries. None of the injured was hit by gunfire. Another crewmember survived unscathed. The incident was covered by an ITN news report, which shows the helicopter wreckage being examined by Army technicians. The remains were kept under armed guard for further forensic analysis for several days before being removed from the field.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Shootdown incident
The Provisional IRA claimed in a statement that they had fired 300 rounds at the aircraft from two heavy machine-guns and three automatic rifles. Some sources have speculated whether the machine-guns were either Soviet-designed DShKs, part of the Libyan shipments to the IRA in the 1980s, or American M60s. The Gazelle was eventually written off. It was the first helicopter brought down in Northern Ireland by hostile fire since June 1988, when a Lynx was brought down in South Armagh.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Aftermath
The Gazelle shootdown raised fears that the Provisional IRA could have in mind another high-profile action before the end of the KOSB tour.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Aftermath
After this and other attacks on security forces along the border in 1990, especially against permanent vehicle checkpoints, the troops were issued with .50 Browning machine guns and M203 grenade launchers. By 1992, the use of long-range weapons by the Provisionals, like mortars and heavy machine-guns, had forced the British Army to build its main checkpoints along the border one to five miles within Northern Ireland to avoid assaults launched from inside the Republic.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Aftermath
From 1990 until the first Provisional IRA ceasefire in 1994, there were several IRA actions involving heavy weapons in the border areas of Tyrone and Fermanagh, not far from the site where the Gazelle crashed, at least four of them involving British Army helicopters. on 15 February 1991, a Lynx  came under machine gun fire while extracting British troops a few miles south of Clogher, in County Tyrone. More than 360 rounds were fired from across the border. The helicopter was forced to abort the landing and return to base.


1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown, Aftermath
On 19 July 1991, the crew of a Wessex successfully dodged a surface-to-air missile at Kinawley, County Fermanagh. On 15 March 1992, a Provisional IRA unit fired more than 1,000 rounds at two helicopters from across the border near Roslea, County Fermanagh. In 1993, two helicopters were fired at in different circumstances, one of them with heavy machine guns on 8 January at Kinawley after a mortar attack on a British Army outpost, and the other with automatic rifles on 12 December near Fivemiletown, County Tyrone, after an ambush where two RUC officers from Clogher barracks were killed.


1990 British Formula 3000 Championship
The 1990 British Formula 3000 Championship was the second season of the British Formula 3000 Championship. The series was won by Portugal's Pedro Chaves, driving the latest Reynard 90D for Mansell Madgwick Motosport, the team founded by Nigel Mansell. Chaves attempted to qualify the Coloni in F1 the following year without success, before moving to Indy Lights and Spanish touring cars. Runner up in the series was future touring car star Alain Menu driving for both Roni and CoBRa. Richard Dean, future Rover Turbo Cup champion, was best of the British contingent in third place with CoBRa. He concentrated on the series full-time after abandoning an International F3000 season due to mony problems. Rickard Rydell finished fourth overall for the AJS team.


1990 British Formula 3000 Championship, Drivers and teams
The following drivers and teams contested the 1990 British Formula 3000 Championship.


1990 British Formula Three Championship
The 1990 British Formula Three season was the 40th season of the British Formula Three Championship, starting on 1 April at Donington Park and ending on 7 October at Silverstone following 17 races.


1990 British Formula Three Championship
The season was notable for its domination by future Formula One champion Mika Häkkinen and fellow Finn and future F1 driver Mika Salo; both drove Mugen-Honda-powered Ralt chassis, prepared by West Surrey Racing and Alan Docking Racing respectively. Häkkinen started the year strongly with three wins from the first four races, but Salo responded with four victories in the next six events to establish an 11-point advantage over his rival. The 11th round of the series at Snetterton proved a turning point, however, as Salo spun out while leading, allowing Häkkinen to begin a sequence of six wins from the final seven rounds which would allow him to seal the title with two rounds to spare.


1990 British Formula Three Championship
Häkkinen's reward would be a deal to race with the Lotus F1 team in 1991, although Salo's career momentum was ruined by a drunk-driving charge that forced him to move to Japan to further his career. Other drivers in the field that went on to enjoy success in international motorsport included Christian Fittipaldi, who went on to win the International Formula 3000 championship the following year before enjoying stints in F1 and CART, and future touring car and sportscar driver Peter Kox.


1990 British Formula Three Championship
1990 also marked the start of a dominant period for Mugen-Honda engines, which would power each British F3 champion until 2005 with only one exception. Charles Rickett won the Class B title in a year-old Volkswagen-powered Ralt.


1990 British Formula Three Championship, Race calendar and results
Häkkinen and Salo set identical fastest lap times and were subsequently both awarded an additional point.


1990 British Formula Three Championship, Championship Standings
Points in brackets include dropped scores – only the best 14 of 17 scores count towards the championship


1990 British Grand Prix
The 1990 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Silverstone on 15 July 1990. It was the eighth race of the 1990 Formula One World Championship. It was the 45th British Grand Prix and the 26th to be held at Silverstone. The race was held over 64 laps of the four kilometre circuit for a race distance of 306 kilometres.


1990 British Grand Prix
The race was won by Frenchman Alain Prost, driving a Ferrari. Prost's teammate, local hero Nigel Mansell, took pole position and led before retiring with a gearbox failure nine laps from the end. Belgian Thierry Boutsen finished second in a Williams-Renault, with Brazilian Ayrton Senna third in a McLaren-Honda.


1990 British Grand Prix
The win, Prost's third in succession and fourth of the season, gave him the lead of the Drivers' Championship, two points ahead of Senna.


1990 British Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
In Friday morning pre-qualifying, the Larrousse-Lolas were again first and second, their fifth 1–2 of the season, with Éric Bernard nearly a second faster than team-mate Aguri Suzuki. As at the previous Grand Prix in France, third fastest was Gabriele Tarquini in the AGS. This time, the fourth pre-qualifying spot went to Olivier Grouillard in the sole Osella.


1990 British Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
These four were quite comfortably faster than the other runners, the fastest of which was Robert Moreno in a revised EuroBrun in fifth place. Sixth was Yannick Dalmas in the other AGS, his sixth failure to pre-qualify so far this season. Claudio Langes was seventh in the other, unrevised EuroBrun, with Bertrand Gachot a distant eighth in the Coloni after its engine destroyed itself yet again. Subaru ended their involvement with the Coloni team after this Grand Prix, with eight consecutive failures to pre-qualify, and the team were to source new engines for the next race in Germany.


1990 British Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
The Life team had no pit garage in which to prepare their car, and worked on the grass near the pits. Their car, still driven by Bruno Giacomelli, suffered an electrical failure after five laps, and was bottom of the time sheets again. Team manager Sergio Barbasio announced that they would stick with the hopeless in-house W12 engine, citing a lack of time to prepare the chassis for the Judd CV engines purchased from Lotus. However, Italian sources claimed that Life had simply been unable to complete the purchase due to lack of funds.


1990 British Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Local hero Nigel Mansell led until his gearbox began to malfunction. He was overtaken (against team orders, and to Mansell's chagrin) by Alain Prost and remained in second until his gearbox failed completely on lap 57. After retiring from the race Mansell famously threw his gloves into the crowd and announced he would retire from Formula One at the end of the season, a decision he later reversed.


1990 British Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Riccardo Patrese became the first driver ever to start 200 Grands Prix. On race day, he retired after damage was sustained in a collision with the Benetton of Alessandro Nannini on lap 27, whilst his team-mate Thierry Boutsen reached the podium and finished second.


1990 British Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Éric Bernard and Aguri Suzuki both scored the best results of their career up to this point. For Suzuki, it was the first points scoring finish of his career.


1990 British Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Ivan Capelli was the charger in the race. Starting 10th he spun early to avoid the collision between Patrese and Alessandro Nannini. Then racing with a broken exhaust header he charged hard, eventually passing Gerhard Berger for 3rd and for a time being the fastest driver on the track before retiring on lap 48 with a fuel leak.


1990 British Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Ligier needed at least a top eight finish to avoid pre-qualification, but Nicola Larini could not do better than 10th place, while teammate Philippe Alliot only managed to finish 13th.


1990 British Grand Prix, Race, Race report
This would be the last motor race on the original high-speed Silverstone circuit; the day after the race, a construction crew funded by Tom Walkinshaw immediately began work on reprofiling and incorporating the newly designed corners.


1990 British League season
The 1990 British League season was the 56th season of the top tier of speedway in the United Kingdom and the 26th known as the British League.


1990 British League season, Summary
Reading Racers won the league for the first time since 1980. The domination of speedway in recent years by Oxford Cheetahs, Coventry Bees and Cradley Heathens had come to an end. The Reading team was an extremely strong all round squad, highlighted by the fact that Per Jonsson who finished third in the Reading averages would become World Champion by the end of the season. Veteran English international Jeremy Doncaster and their new Australian signing Todd Wiltshire topped the Reading averages and they were supported by fans favourite Jan Andersson, Dave Mullett and Tony Olsson. The team went on to complete the league and cup double after beating Bradford in the cup final. Hans Nielsen of Oxford topped the averages for an incredible eighth season running and also won the British League Riders' Championship for the third time.


1990 British League season, Final table
M = Matches; W = Wins; D = Draws; L = Losses; Pts = Total Points


1990 British League season, British League Knockout Cup
The 1990 Sppedway Star British League Knockout Cup was the 52nd edition of the Knockout Cup for tier one teams. Reading Racers were the winners.


1990 British League season, British League Knockout Cup, Final, Second leg
Reading Racers were declared Knockout Cup Champions, winning on aggregate 98-82.


1990 British National Track Championships
The 1990 British National Track Championships were a series of track cycling competitions held from 27 July - 4 August 1990 at the Leicester Velodrome.


1990 British Open
The 1990 Pearl Assurance British Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament, that was held from 18 February to 3 March 1990 with television coverage beginning on 24 February at the Assembly Rooms in Derby, England. It is an open draw for every round


1990 British Open
Bob Chaperon won his only ranking event as he beat Alex Higgins who was appearing in his last major final.


1990 British Rowing Championships
The 1990 National Rowing Championships was the 19th edition of the National Championships, held from 20–22 July 1990 at the National Water Sports Centre in Holme Pierrepont, Nottingham. There was a record entry of 653 crews and over 2,000 competitors competing for 64 titles. Simon Larkin won a record equalling fourth singles sculls title (Kenny Dwan also won four times).


1990 British Speedway Championship
The 1990 British Speedway Championship was the 30th edition of the British Speedway Championship. The Final took place on 20 May at Brandon in Coventry, England. The Championship was won by Kelvin Tatum, while Simon Cross won a run off against Jeremy Doncaster for second place.


1990 British Touring Car Championship
The 1990 Esso RAC British Touring Car Championship season was the 33rd British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) season and marked the last year of the Group A era. It was also the final year of the multi-class format.


1990 British Touring Car Championship, Season summary
The first race was won by Andy Rouse in his Ford Sierra RS500. He also won the first 1 Hour endurance race at Donington Park GP with David Sears. The next race at Thruxton was won by Robb Gravett. Gravett also won the next six races including the second 1 Hour endurance race at Brands Hatch with Mike Smith. Rouse won the Birmingham Superprix. This would be best remembered for the last lap accident between Frank Sytner and John Cleland. It would be the last time that the BTCC would race on the track. Gravett then won at Donington. The last two races, at Thruxton and Silverstone, were won by Rouse and Gravett. It was Gravett who won the championship, despite the team's struggle to run through the season on a low budget with no main sponsor.


1990 British Touring Car Championship, Teams and drivers
†Not eligible for points. DDonington Park only. BBrands Hatch only.


1990 British Touring Car Championship, Calendar
All races were held in the United Kingdom. Overall winners in bold.


1990 British Virgin Islands general election
General elections were held in the British Virgin Islands on 12 November 1990. The result was a decisive victory for the incumbent Virgin Islands Party (VIP) led by Chief Minister Lavity Stoutt. Three other parties contested the election: the BVI United Party (UP) led by Conrad Maduro (which fielded six candidates), the newly formed Progressive People's Democratic Party (PPDP) led by former Chief Minister Willard Wheatley (which fielded five candidates), and the newly formed Independent People's Movement (IPM) which fielded only two candidates.


1990 British Virgin Islands general election
The only candidate from a party other than the VIP to be elected was Omar Hodge of the IPM in the Sixth District (Omar Hodge was a former member of the VIP and would later rejoin that party). Independent candidates won in the Fourth and Fifth Districts, and the VIP won every other available seat.


1990 British Virgin Islands general election
The supervisor of elections was Eugenie Todman-Smith. The turnout was 69.4%. In the individual seats, turnout was highest in the 9th District (91.1%), a record for district turnout in the British Virgin Islands. The turnout was so high that the losing candidate in the 9th District (Allen O'Neal) actually secured more votes than the victorious candidate in every other district except for Lavity Stoutt in the 1st.


1990 British Virgin Islands general election, Results
The VIP led by Lavity Stoutt won an outright majority of 6 of the 9 available seats.


1990 British Virgin Islands general election, Results, By constituency
IPM = Independent People's MovementPPDP = Progressive People's Democratic PartyUP = BVI United PartyVIP = Virgin Islands Party


1990 British Virgin Islands general election, Results, By constituency
Lavity's Stoutt's 85.8% share of the vote in the 1st District remains a record in the British Virgin Islands.


1990 British motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1990 British motorcycle Grand Prix was the eleventh round of the 1990 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 3–5 August 1990 at Donington Park.


1990 British motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Cagiva announces that after 10 years of participation it will withdraw from GP at the end of the season, citing cost overruns and lack of results. it is a false alarm, as they continue until 1994. Pierfrancesco Chili is replaced by Carl Fogarty.


1990 British motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Wayne Rainey gets a good start, but by the Craner Curves he is passed by Eddie Lawson, and is followed by Niall Mackenzie, Mick Doohan and Kevin Schwantz.


1990 British motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Rainey retakes the lead from Lawson, but Schwantz is now behind them. Wayne Gardner is out of the race with a mechanical and Fogarty crashes out.


1990 British motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Rainey still ahead, but Schwantz has moved into second ahead of Lawson at the chicane. Schwantz picks that same spot for his pass on Rainey, and is now in first. He opens up the gap and cruises to the win ahead of Rainey and Lawson.


1990 Brno municipal election
Municipal election in Brno was held as part of Czech municipal elections in 1990. Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia received highest number of votes but remained in opposition. Civic Forum formed the new council and leader of Association for Brno Václav Mencl became new Mayor.


1990 Bromley London Borough Council election
The 1990 Bromley Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Bromley London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative party stayed in overall control of the council.


1990 Brown Bears football team
The 1990 Brown Bears football team was an American football team that represented Brown University during the 1990 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Brown tied for second-to-last in the Ivy League.


1990 Brown Bears football team
In their first season under head coach Mickey Kwiatkowski, the Bears compiled a 2–8 record and were outscored 289 to 160. N. Badalato, Greg Patrick and Reid Smith were the team captains.


1990 Brown Bears football team
The Bears' 2–5 conference record tied for sixth in the Ivy League standings. They were outscored 186 to 129 by Ivy opponents.


1990 Brown Bears football team
Brown played its home games at Brown Stadium in Providence, Rhode Island.


1990 Brownlow Medal
The 1990 Brownlow Medal was the 63rd year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Australian Football League (AFL) home and away season. Tony Liberatore of the Footscray Football Club won the medal by polling eighteen votes during the 1990 AFL season.


1990 Brownlow Medal, The Count
It was an emotional occasion for Liberatore, whose triumph capped off a great year for the Footscray Football Club, which barely 11 months prior had survived an attempted merger with Fitzroy. The tiny rover had struggled to break into Footscray's senior team over the previous three seasons, started the year unsure of his place after being overlooked for a night game during the pre-season and contemplated nominating for the AFL Draft.


1990 Brownlow Medal, The Count
After earning best-on-ground votes from the umpires in the Round 5 and 6 wins over Carlton and Fitzroy respectively, Liberatore led the medal count and managed to hold it for the remainder of the evening, enduring an agonizing wait after not polling in the final three games of the season due to a knee injury in Round 19.


1990 Brownlow Medal, The Count
Collingwood winger and runner-up in the count Graham Wright finished strongly with two best-on-ground votes in Rounds 21 and 22, but fell one vote short of tying for the award, while third-placed Carlton full-back Stephen Silvagni, two votes behind Liberatore at the end of Round 19, did not gain any further votes in the final three rounds. Liberatore thus became the first VFL/AFL footballer to have won the League best and fairest award at three levels, having previously won the Morrish Medal (for the Under 19s competition) in 1984 and the Gardiner Medal twice (for the Reserves competition) in 1986 and 1988.


1990 Brownlow Medal, The Count
Upon accepting the award, Liberatore thanked the club president, Peter Gordon, for saving the club, coach Terry Wheeler for the opportunity to play and for believing in him, and thanked his parents and fiancée. He also spoke of how persistence and being given a chance had helped him cement his place in the team:


1990 Brownlow Medal, The Count
I always believed that anything you do in life, you persevere and give it all you got. ... Through the love of Footscray, I decided I would stick at it. ... It goes to show that playing at that level, sometimes when the young players get an opportunity, they really play well and that's what happened to me.


1990 Brownlow Medal, External Links
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1990 Broxbourne Borough Council election
The Broxbourne Council election, 1990 was held to elect council members of the Broxbourne Borough Council, the local government authority of the borough of Broxbourne, Hertfordshire, England.


1990 Broxbourne Borough Council election, Results summary
An election was held in 14 wards on 3 May 1990.


1990 Broxbourne Borough Council election, Results summary
15 council seats were contested (2 seats in Hoddesdon North Ward)


1990 Broxbourne Borough Council election, Results summary
The Labour Party gained a seat from the Conservative Party in Bury Green Ward


1990 Bucknell Bison football team
The 1990 Bucknell Bison football team was an American football team that represented Bucknell University during the 1990 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Bucknell tied for second in the newly renamed Patriot League.


1990 Bucknell Bison football team
In their second year under head coach Lou Maranzana, the Bison compiled a 7–4 record. Mike Augsberger and Craig Cavlovic were the team captains.


1990 Bucknell Bison football team
The Bison outscored opponents 337 to 278. Their 3–2 conference record placed them in a three-way tie for second place in the six-team Patriot League standings. This was the first year of competition under the Patriot League banner; the league had been known as the Colonial League since 1986.


1990 Bucknell Bison football team
After a five-game win streak, the Bison briefly entered the national Division I-AA rankings, appearing at No. 20 in the poll released October 16. A loss dropped them out of the top 20 the next week. Bucknell finished the season unranked.


1990 Bucknell Bison football team
Bucknell played its home games at Christy Mathewson–Memorial Stadium on the university campus in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.


1990 Buffalo Bills season
The 1990 Buffalo Bills season was the 31st for the franchise and the 21st in the National Football League. The team finished the year with a record of 13 wins and 3 losses, and first in the American Football Conference (AFC) East division. They were 8–0 at home for the second time in their franchise history. On the road, the Bills were 5–3. Buffalo qualified for their first Super Bowl appearance.


1990 Buffalo Bills season
The Bills' offense was one of the best in the league; their 428 points (26.75 points per game) scored was first in the league, and since they only gave up 263 points (6th in the league), their point differential was 165 points (10.3 per game), which was the best in the NFL in 1990, as well as the best point-differential in franchise history. Buffalo's 48 offensive touchdowns (28 passing, 20 rushing) also led the league.


1990 Buffalo Bills season
Defensive end Bruce Smith was named Associated Press Defensive Player of the Year for 1990, recording 101 tackles, four forced fumbles, and a career-high 19 sacks.


1990 Buffalo Bills season
The season was chronicled on October 2, 2008 for America's Game: The Missing Rings, as one of the five greatest NFL teams to never win the Super Bowl.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season
Bruce Smith set a club record with 19 sacks. Smith also had 101 tackles.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 2
The Bills offense never got rolling and were soundly defeated on the road, 30–7, to their rival Miami Dolphins.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 4
The Bills avenged their 1989 Monday Night defeat against the defending AFC Champion Broncos. The Broncos rushed for 208 yards, led 21–9 after three quarters, and held Jim Kelly and the offense to just 197 yards of offense, but the pivotal play of the game erupted in the fourth on a touchdown return of a blocked Bronco field goal by linebacker Cornelius Bennett. The Bills then scored on a John Elway interception and ultimately won 29–28.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 5
The Bills, on Sunday Night Football, trailed 24–14 in the fourth quarter before erupting to 24 points to defeat the then-unbeaten Los Angeles Raiders, 38–24. Among the fourth quarter scores were a blocked punt by Steve Tasker, returned by J.D. Williams, where Skip Caray burst into saying "They've done it again, they've done it again!" referencing the prior weeks block of a field goal for a TD return vs Denver....and a fumble return by Nate Odomes.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 7
For the third straight game the Bills erased a two-score gap for the win. The Jets led 21–7 in the second quarter and 24–17 in the third, but Kelly's 60-yard score to James Lofton tied the game entering the fourth quarter. Jamie Mueller's touchdown catch then won it, 30–27.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 8
The Bills beat the Patriots 27-10 at Foxboro Stadium, known as Sullivan Stadium at the time.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 9
The Bills avenged last season's playoff loss by destroying the Cleveland Browns in their own stadium 42–0.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 10
The Bills welcomed the NFC East team Phoenix Cardinals to an extremely windy Rich Stadium, and defeated them 45–14.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 11
The Bills, led by 209 yards on the ground (including an 80 yard Thurman Thomas TD run), shut out the Patriots 14-0 at Rich Stadium.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 12
A year after Buffalo's epic 47–41 win at the Astrodome they returned there at 9-1 to face the 5–5 Oilers on Monday Night Football. This time the Oilers made sure there would be no comeback as Warren Moon and Lorenzo White authored 425 combined yards of offense and three touchdowns. Kelly managed two touchdowns and a pick as the Bills fell 27–24 to their former division foe.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 13
The Bills opened the game in the no-huddle offense and used it the whole game. The Bills went up 24–0 in the 1st qtr and eventually won the game 30–23.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 15
The Bills pulled out a close win this Saturday afternoon, in a game in which both starting quarterbacks went down with injuries. Jim Kelly, and New York QB Phil Simms.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 16
The Bills, under backup quarterback Frank Reich, defeated the Miami Dolphins and wrapped up the AFC East title. Reich connected with James Lofton and Andre Reed for touchdowns, ultimately winning 24–14 despite fourteen penalties to five for Miami.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 17
Bills Head Coach Marv Levy decided to rest his starters for the playoffs, dropping the final game of the season in Washington, 29–14. The Bills finished with their best record in team history at 13 wins 3 losses.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, AFC Divisional Playoffs
Despite being a close score, the Bills never trailed in this classic Jim Kelly versus Dan Marino shootout. The weather, steady light snow, had crews occasionally come out to shovel off the 10- and 5-yard lines. Despite the conditions, both team offenses were explosive. In the end, after winning the AFC East crown from the Dolphins a few weeks earlier, the Bills also ended the 'Fins season in a game which had 78 combined points.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, AFC Championship Game
The Bills shredded the Raiders, limiting quarterback Jay Schroeder to 13 of 31 completions for 150 yards and intercepting him 5 times, while also holding running back Marcus Allen to just 26 yards on 10 carries. The Raiders offense clearly missed running back Bo Jackson, who suffered what would turn out to be a career-ending injury the week before in a win against the Cincinnati Bengals. On offense, the Bills amassed 502 total yards, including 202 yards on the ground.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, AFC Championship Game
Running back Thurman Thomas rushed for 138 and a touchdown while also catching 5 passes for 61 yards, while running back Kenneth Davis tied an AFC playoff record with 3 rushing touchdowns. Buffalo also set an NFL playoff record by scoring 41 points in the first half. Bills quarterback Jim Kelly threw for 300 yards and two touchdown passes to wide receiver James Lofton, who finished the game with 5 receptions for 113 yards. Thomas recorded a 12-yard touchdown run, while Davis scored from 1 yard, 3 yards, and 1 yard out. Linebacker Darryl Talley returned one of his two interceptions 27 yards for a touchdown.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
To counteract the Bills' no-huddle offense, the Giants' strategy was to use a power running game utilizing O.J. Anderson, aided by quarterback rollouts, bootlegs, and play-action fakes. As tight end Mark Bavaro later recalled, "[w]e came out with three tight ends, fat slobs picking you up and moving you and letting you tackle O.J., if you could." This enabled them to take time off the clock and limit Buffalo's possessions. The Giants set a Super Bowl record for time of possession with 40 minutes, 33 seconds, including 22 minutes in the second half. On defense, New York wanted to be physical with Buffalo's wideouts, and play with extra defensive backs to concentrate on stopping the Bills passing game, while conceding the running game.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
The contrast in strategies was evident during the first period. After forcing the Bills to punt on the opening drive of the game, the Giants consumed 6:15 off the clock by marching 58 yards in 10 plays to score on a 28-yard field goal from Matt Bahr. In that drive, New York ran five rushing plays and five passing plays. But the Bills struck right back on their ensuing possession with a five-play, 66-yard drive that took 1:23 off the clock, including a tipped 61-yard completion from quarterback Jim Kelly to receiver James Lofton that set up Scott Norwood's 23-yard field goal to tie the game at 3–3.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
After forcing the Giants to punt on their ensuing possession, the Bills' offensive strategy started to work to perfection. Kelly led the Bills on a 12-play, 80-yard scoring drive that consumed 4:27 and moved the ball so effectively that the team never faced a third down. Kelly completed six consecutive passes (four to Andre Reed) for 62 yards, and running back Don Smith capped it off with a one-yard touchdown run to give Buffalo a 10–3 lead. Smith's 1-yard touchdown run was his only carry of the game and the last carry of his career. Reed's 5 first quarter receptions were a Super Bowl record.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
After trading punts, the Giants were pinned at their own 7-yard line. On second down, defensive lineman Bruce Smith sacked quarterback Jeff Hostetler in the end zone for a safety, increasing the Bills' lead 12–3. On the play, Smith had a chance to force a fumble since Hostetler was holding the football with only his throwing hand. But to his credit, Hostetler held the ball away from Smith, helping to ensure that only 2 points would be surrendered.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
The Bills started out on their next drive with great field position following the free kick, but were forced to punt after 3 plays. Taking the ball at their own 13-yard line with 3:43 left in the second quarter, the Giants abandoned their long drive strategy and employed a quick strike attack of their own. Hostetler led the Giants 87 yards, scoring on a 14-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Stephen Baker with just 25 seconds left in the half to cut New York's deficit to 12–10.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
The Giants then opened the third quarter and resumed their original game strategy by driving 75 yards in 14 plays to score on Ottis Anderson's one-yard touchdown run, taking their first lead of the game since their opening possession at 17–12. The drive consumed a Super Bowl record nine minutes and 29 seconds, and included four successful third down conversions. The highlight was a 14-yard pass to wide receiver Mark Ingram on 3rd down and 13 yards to go. Ingram caught a short pass and broke five Buffalo tackles to get the first down and keep the drive alive.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
After forcing Buffalo to punt on their ensuing possession, New York drove to the Bills' 35-yard line. But on fourth and two, Smith tackled Anderson for a 2-yard loss. Buffalo then took over and stormed down the field, advancing 63 yards in just four plays and scoring on a 31-yard burst from running back Thurman Thomas on the first play of the fourth quarter, regaining the lead at 19–17. Thomas' fourth-quarter touchdown run marked 1,000 points scored in Super Bowl history (1,001 with the extra point).


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
However, before the Bills' defenders had a chance to catch their breath, they found themselves back on the field trying to contain another long Giants drive. This one went for 14 plays and 74 yards, half of which came off passes from Hostetler to tight end Mark Bavaro, and took another 7:32 off the clock. The Bills managed to halt the drive at their own 3-yard line when linebacker Cornelius Bennett broke up Hostetler's third down pass, but Bahr kicked his second field goal to give New York a 20–19 lead.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Playoffs, Super Bowl XXV
On the Bills' ensuing possession, they could only advance to their own 41-yard line before having to punt, enabling the Giants to take more time off the clock. The Bills finally forced New York to punt and took the ball at their own 10-yard line with 2:16 remaining. Kelly then led them down the field with a mix of scrambles, short passes, and Thomas runs. Buffalo drove to the Giants' 29-yard line, setting up Norwood for a 47-yard field goal attempt with eight seconds left. However, his kick barely sailed wide right, sealing New York's victory with 4 seconds left.


1990 Buffalo Bills season, Player stats, Thurman Thomas
Thomas led the NFL in total yards from scrimmage for the second consecutive season. His 1,297 yards led the AFC and was second in the NFL to Barry Sanders. Thomas had at least 100 total yards in 10 of the Bills 16 games. After gaining 219 total yards versus the New York Jets, Thomas was named AFC offensive player of the week. Note: Rush = Rushing Yards; REC = Receiving Yards


1990 Bulgarian Constitutional Assembly election
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Bulgaria on 10 June 1990, with a second round for eighteen seats on 17 June. They were the first elections held since the fall of Communism the previous winter, and the first free national elections since 1931. The elections were held to elect the 7th Grand National Assembly, tasked with adopting a new (democratic) constitution. The new electoral system was changed from 400 single-member constituencies used during the Communist era to a split system whereby half were elected in single member constituencies and half by proportional representation. The result was a victory for the Bulgarian Socialist Party, the freshly renamed Communist Party, which won 211 of the 400 seats. Voter turnout was 90.3%.


1990 Bulgarian Constitutional Assembly election
The Grand National Assembly drafted the country's fourth constitution, which was promulgated on 12 July 1991. The first elections under the new document were held three months later.


1990 Bulgarian Cup Final
The 1990 Bulgarian Cup Final was played at the Hristo Botev Stadium in Gabrovo on May 30, 1990, and was contested between the sides of CSKA Sofia and Sliven. The match was won by Sliven.


1990 CA-TennisTrophy
The 1990 CA-TennisTrophy was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna, Austria and was part of the World Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. It was the 16th edition of the tournament and was held from 15 October through 22 October 1990. Unseeded Anders Järryd won the singles title.


1990 CA-TennisTrophy, Finals, Doubles
Udo Riglewski /  Michael Stich defeated  Jorge Lozano /  Todd Witsken 6–4, 6–4


1990 CA-TennisTrophy – Doubles
Jan Gunnarsson and Anders Järryd were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Jeff Brown and Scott Melville.


1990 CA-TennisTrophy – Doubles
Udo Riglewski and Michael Stich won in the final 6–4, 6–4 against Jorge Lozano and Todd Witsken.


1990 CA-TennisTrophy – Singles
Paul Annacone was the defending champion but lost in the second round to Thomas Muster.


1990 CA-TennisTrophy – Singles
Anders Järryd won in the final 6–3, 6–3, 6–1 against Horst Skoff.


1990 CAA Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Colonial Athletic Association Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 3–5 at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond, Virginia. The Richmond Coliseum would remain the home of the tournament until 2014.


1990 CAA Men's Basketball Tournament
Richmond defeated top-seeded James Madison in the championship game, 77–72, to win their third CAA men's basketball tournament. The Spiders, therefore, earned an automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Tournament.


1990 CARIFTA Games
The 19th CARIFTA Games was held in Kingston, Jamaica on April 14–16, 1990.


1990 CARIFTA Games, Participation (unofficial)
For the 1990 CARIFTA Games only the medalists and a few other athletes can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website. An unofficial count yields the number of about 122 athletes (78 junior (under-20) and 44 youth (under-17)) from about 14 countries: Bahamas (22), Barbados (9), British Virgin Islands (2), Cayman Islands (2), Dominica (1), French Guiana (2), Grenada (5), Guadeloupe (5), Guyana (2), Jamaica (53), Martinique (9), Saint Lucia (1), Suriname (1), Trinidad and Tobago (8).


1990 CARIFTA Games, Austin Sealy Award
The Austin Sealy Trophy for the most outstanding athlete of the games was awarded for the second time in the role to Kareem Streete-Thompson from the Cayman Islands. As in 1989, he won the gold medal in the long jump event, this year however in the junior (U-20) category, again with a remarkable jump of 7.94m, also being still the championships record in this category.


1990 CARIFTA Games, Medal summary
Medal winners are published by category: Boys under 20 (Junior), Girls under 20 (Junior), Boys under 17 (Youth), and Girls under 17 (Youth). Results can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History"website.


1990 CART PPG Indy Car World Series
The 1990 CART PPG Indy Car World Series season was the 12th national championship season of American open wheel racing sanctioned by CART. The season consisted of 16 races, and one non-points exhibition event. Al Unser Jr. was the national champion, and the rookie of the year was Eddie Cheever. The 1990 Indianapolis 500 was sanctioned by USAC, but counted towards the CART points championship. Arie Luyendyk won the Indy 500, his first-ever victory in championship-level competition, and the fastest 500 until the 2013 Indianapolis 500.


1990 CART PPG Indy Car World Series
Al Unser Jr. won a total of six races, one pole position, and had a total of ten podium finishes en route to the championship. He finished 4th at Indy, and won his first career oval race a week later at Milwaukee. He also tied a series record by winning four consecutive races during a stretch in July–August. Unser's victory at the Michigan 500 was his first superspeedway win. Michael Andretti was Unser's nearest competitor, winning five races and four poles. Andretti narrowed Unser's points lead to 37 points with two key victories late in the season.


1990 CART PPG Indy Car World Series
In the second-to-last race of the season at Nazareth, Unser crashed out, giving Andretti a huge opportunity to close the gap. Andretti managed only a 6th-place finish, and could not capitalize on Unser's misfortune. Unser left Nazareth with a 27-point lead, enough to clinch the championship regardless of the results at the season finale at Laguna Seca.


1990 CART PPG Indy Car World Series
For 1990, Bobby Rahal's team owned by Maurice Kranes merged with Rick Galles's and it became a two-car effort known as Galles-KRACO Racing. Al Unser Jr. and Rahal became teammates, and Rahal got use of the Chevy Ilmor V-8 engine for the first time. Despite the upgrade in equipment, Rahal suffered a snake bitten season in 1990, finishing second five times, including runner-up finishes at both the Indy 500 and the Michigan 500.


1990 CART PPG Indy Car World Series
Despite finishing in the points in 14 races, it was the first season of his Indy car career he failed to win any races, and he managed only a 4th-place ranking in the final championship standings. Other team and driver shifts for 1990 included shake-ups at Penske and Patrick. Emerson Fittipaldi left Patrick Racing to join the Penske, and the original Patrick Racing Team transferred ownership to Chip Ganassi to become Chip Ganassi Racing. Pat Patrick returned with a new team, taking over the Alfa Romeo Indy car effort.


1990 CART PPG Indy Car World Series, Drivers and constructors
The following teams and drivers competed for the 1990 Indy Car World Series.


1990 CART PPG Indy Car World Series, Season Summary, Schedule
- The Toronto race was supposed to run 183 miles, but was shortened by rain. O  Oval/Speedway R  Dedicated road course S  Temporary street circuitNC Non -championship event


1990 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament
The 1990 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 19th CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament. It was played between March 2 and March 10, 1990. First round games were played at campus sites, while 'final four' games were played at Joe Louis Arena in Detroit, Michigan. By winning the tournament, Michigan State received the Central Collegiate Hockey Association's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.


1990 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Format
The tournament featured three rounds of play. The team that finished below eighth place in the standings was not eligible for postseason play. In the quarterfinals, the first and eighth seeds, the second and seventh seeds, the third seed and sixth seeds and the fourth seed and fifth seeds played a best-of-three series, with the winners advancing to the semifinals. In the semifinals, the remaining highest and lowest seeds and second highest and second lowest seeds play a single-game, with the winners advancing to the finals. The tournament champion receives an automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.


1990 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Conference Standings
Note: GP = Games Played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; PTS = Points; GF = Goals For; GA = Goals Against


1990 CECAFA Cup
The 1990 CECAFA Cup was the 17th edition of the CECAFA Cup, which involves teams from Southern and Central Africa. The tournament was held in Zanzibar.


1990 CFL Draft
The 1990 CFL Draft composed of eight rounds where 64 Canadian football players were chosen from eligible Canadian universities and Canadian players playing in the NCAA.


1990 CFL season
The 1990 Canadian Football League season is considered to be the 37th season in modern-day Canadian football, although it is officially the 33rd Canadian Football League season.


1990 CFL season, CFL News in 1990
J. Donald Crump was appointed as the eighth CFL Commissioner on Friday, January 5.


1990 CFL season, CFL News in 1990
The CFL Annual Meetings-Canadian College Draft was held in Hamilton for the third straight year.


1990 CFL season, CFL News in 1990
The CFL increased roster limit to 37 players to include 20 non-imports, 14 imports and 3 quarterbacks with the reserve list remaining at two players.


1990 CFL season, CFL News in 1990
The Toronto Argonauts and the BC Lions set a record for most points in a game when they scored 111 points on Saturday, September 1 at the SkyDome. The Argonauts won the game 68–43.


1990 CFL season, CFL News in 1990
The BC Lions added silver to its team colour scheme. In addition, Vancouver played host to the Grey Cup game for the 11th time, and for the fourth time at BC Place.


1990 CFL season, CFL News in 1990
Citing multi-million dollar losses, the league-run Canadian Football Network syndication service ceased operations after this season; it had replaced CTV's CFL coverage in 1987.


1990 CFL season, Regular season standings, Final regular season standings
Note: GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, PF = Points For, PA = Points Against, Pts = Points


1990 CFL season, Grey Cup playoffs
The Winnipeg Blue Bombers are the 1990 Grey Cup champions, humiliating the Edmonton Eskimos 50–11, at Vancouver's BC Place Stadium. The Blue Bombers' Tom Burgess (QB) was named the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Player on Offence and Greg Battle (LB) was named Grey Cup's Most Valuable Player on Defence, while Warren Hudson (FB) was named the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Canadian.


1990 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
The 1990 CONCACAF Champions' Cup was the 26th edition of the annual international club football competition held in the CONCACAF region (North America, Central America and the Caribbean), the CONCACAF Champions' Cup. It determined that year's club champion of association football in the CONCACAF region and was played from 31 March 1990 till 12 March 1991.


1990 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
The teams were split in three zones (North, Central and Caribbean), each one qualifying the winner to the final tournament, where the winners of the North and Central zones played a semi-final to decide who was going to play against the Caribbean champion in the final.


1990 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
Mexican club América easily defeat Cuban side Pinar del Río 7–1 on aggregate, winning their third CONCACAF trophy.


1990 CONCACAF Champions' Cup, Caribbean Zone, Second Round
Pinar del Río - (Qualified) Transvaal - (Eliminated) Excelsior - (Eliminated)


1990 CONCACAF Champions' Cup, Semi-Finals
1st Leg: Nov. 12, 1990 at San Jose, California – (USA)2nd Leg: Nov. 14, 1990 at Santa Ana, California – (USA)


1990 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament
The CONCACAF Under-20 Championship 1990 was held in Guatemala. It also served as qualification for the 1991 FIFA World Youth Championship.


1990 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament, Qualification to World Youth Championship
The two best performing teams qualified for the 1991 FIFA World Youth Championship.


1990 CPISRA Soccer World Championships
The 1990 CPISRA Football 7-a-side World Championships was the world championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in the Netherlands 1990.


1990 CPISRA Soccer World Championships
Football 7-a-side was played with modified FIFA rules. Among the modifications were that there were seven players, no offside, a smaller playing field, and permission for one-handed throw-ins. Matches consisted of two thirty-minute halves, with a fifteen-minute half-time break.


1990 CPISRA Soccer World Championships, Venues
The venues to be used for the World Championships were located in Assen.


1990 CPISRA Soccer World Championships, Format
The first round, a group stage, was a competition between the 5 teams in one group, where engaged in a round-robin tournament within itself. The two highest ranked teams in the group advanced played in the final.


1990 CPISRA Soccer World Championships, Format
ClassificationAthletes with a physical disability competed. The athlete's disability was caused by a non-progressive brain damage that affects motor control, such as cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury or stroke. Athletes must be ambulant.


1990 CPISRA Soccer World Championships, Format
Teams must field at least one class C5 or C6 player at all times. No more than two players of class C8 are permitted to play at the same time.


1990 CPISRA Soccer World Championships, Group stage
In the group stage have seen the teams in a one group of five teams.


1990 Cairo bus attack
The Cairo bus attack was a terrorist attack on a bus carrying Israeli tourists in Cairo, Egypt that occurred on February 4, 1990. The attack was claimed by two groups, an unknown group calling itself the 'Organisation for the Defense of the Oppressed of Egypts Prisons' which claimed to have done it to protest the torture in Egyptian prisons, and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad. Nine Israeli civilians were killed and 17 more were wounded with automatic fire and hand grenades. The attack was the worst on Israelis in Egypt since the two countries signed a peace agreement in 1979.


1990 Cairo bus attack
Israel's minister Ariel Sharon said the Palestine Liberation Organisation was behind the attack.


1990 Cairo bus attack
Later, the Egyptian government announced that the attack had been plotted abroad and carried out by non- Egyptians.


1990 Cairo bus attack, The attack
On the day of the attack the bus had been travelling from Rafah on Egypt's border with the Israeli-occupied Gaza Strip to Cairo via the Suez Canal port city of Ismailia. On board were 31 Israeli academics and their families. As the bus neared one of Cairo's many commuter towns a white Peugot sedan swerved in front of the vehicle, causing it to stop. Three coaches of Royal Navy personnel from HMS Bristol, HMS Ariadne and HMS Minerva were following the Israeli bus and witnessed the attack.


1990 Cairo bus attack, The attack
At this point several gunmen leapt out of the car and opened fire on the bus with assault rifles forcing the following buses to reverse back up the road. The attackers also threw 4 grenades, of which 2 exploded. The attackers then ran off into the desert and headed for Cairo in the distance.


1990 Cairo bus attack, Aftermath
The attack left 9 Israelis dead and 17 more wounded. 8 were killed outright while another died in hospital later that night. The casualties were initially taken to a hospital in the Cairo suburb of Heliopolis but were later transported by an Israeli military aircraft back to their home country.


1990 Cairo bus attack, Aftermath
The Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir told Israeli television that the attack was "serious and shocking" continuing on to say "This attack proves that hatred for Israel still exists and is running wild in the area". The United States Department of State called the attack a "horrible act of terrorism and said it was an obvious attempt by the enemies of peace to halt efforts at reconciliation and dialogue."


1990 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
The 1990 Cal Poly Mustangs football team represented California Polytechnic State University during the 1990 NCAA Division II football season.


1990 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
Cal Poly competed in the Western Football Conference (WFC). The Mustangs were led by fourth-year head coach Lyle Setencich and played home games at Mustang Stadium in San Luis Obispo, California. They finished the regular season as co-champion of the WFC, with a record of nine wins and one loss.


1990 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
At the end of the season, the Mustangs qualified for the Division II playoffs. In the first game, they defeated the other WFC co-champion, Cal State Northridge. In the quarterfinal game the Mustangs were defeated by North Dakota State. That brought their final record to ten wins and two losses (10–2, 4–1 WFC). Overall, the team outscored its opponents 304–167 for the season.


1990 Cal Poly Mustangs football team, Team players in the NFL
No Cal Poly Mustang players were selected in the 1991 NFL Draft.


1990 Cal State Fullerton Titans football team
The 1990 Cal State Fullerton Titans football team represented California State University, Fullerton during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season.


1990 Cal State Fullerton Titans football team
The Titans competed in the Big West Conference. The team was led by eleventh-year head coach Gene Murphy and played home games in Santa Ana Stadium in Santa Ana, California. They finished the season with one win and eleven losses (1–11, 0–7 Big West). This was the worst record posted by the Titans in the 23 years they fielded an intercollegiate football team (1970–1992).


1990 Cal State Fullerton Titans football team, Team players in the NFL
The following Cal State Fullerton Titans were selected in the 1991 NFL Draft.


1990 Cal State Hayward Pioneers football team
The 1990 Cal State Hayward Pioneers football team represented California State University, Hayward in the 1990 NCAA Division II football season. Cal State Hayward competed in the Northern California Athletic Conference (NCAC).


1990 Cal State Hayward Pioneers football team
The Pioneers were led by head coach Tim Tierney in his 16th year. They played home games at Pioneer Stadium in Hayward, California. The Pioneers finished the season with a record of two wins and nine losses (2–9, 1–4 NCAC). The Pioneers were outscored by their opponents 159–326 for the 1990 season.


1990 Cal State Hayward Pioneers football team, Team players in the NFL
No Cal State Hayward Pioneers players were selected in the 1991 NFL Draft.


1990 Cal State Northridge Matadors football team
The 1990 Cal State Northridge Matadors football team represented Cal State Northridge during the 1990 NCAA Division II football season.


1990 Cal State Northridge Matadors football team
Cal State Northridge competed in the Western Football Conference (WFC). The 1990 Matadors were led by fifth-year head coach Bob Burt. They played home games at North Campus Stadium in Northridge, California. Cal State Northridge finished the regular season as co-champion of the WFC, with a record of six wins and four losses (6–4, 4–1 WFC).