1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, First quarter
The grand final was played in near perfect conditions. Geelong made their intentions clear right from the start when Mark Yeates ran through Hawthorn's champion centre half-forward and enforcer Dermott Brereton. As Geelong coach Malcolm Blight would later admit, this had been a premeditated strategy to protect star midfielder Paul Couch and negate Brereton, who constantly used his aggression to unsettle the opposition. Yeates was chosen to carry out the deed, partly as payback for when Brereton had flattened him in the classic Round 6 clash earlier in the season.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, First quarter
Amidst the chaos in the middle of the ground, the Cats rushed the ball forward to Gary Ablett, who kicked the first of his nine goals for the afternoon. Yeates' hit left Brereton with broken ribs and a bruised kidney, which caused him internal bleeding. Hawthorn physiotherapist Barry Gavin recalled the scene years later:


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, First quarter
"The thing that really struck me was how bad he was when I got there. He'd lost all the colour in his face and was vomiting. He'd dragged himself back on his feet by this stage. But he was doubled over, dry-retching and his colour was grey... There was no way he could stay out there. I remember looking up at [Hawthorn coach Allan Jeans] in the box and starting to try to get him off. Dermott said, 'No, no. Just get me down to the pocket'. Terry Gay (Hawthorn's team doctor) came out. He was more worried than me. He recognised the gravity of it."


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, First quarter
He almost did the job completely, but luckily none of the impact got me in the head, so I was still able to think relatively clearly. I stayed on because I knew that if I had have gone off, that would be the end of my race. I’d cool down and I wouldn’t be able to resume again.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, First quarter
Despite the insistence of the club doctors and trainers, Brereton refused to leave the field and instead was helped to the forward pocket. Moments later, the ball came into Hawthorn's attacking zone, and Dunstall kicked a goal. Barely a minute later, Brereton, only moments ago on the ground and seemingly out of the game, took a strong mark, then steadied and kicked truly. Brereton's inspirational act lifted the Hawks, and, with the Cats focusing on attacking the man rather than the ball, they slammed on a further six goals to take a commanding 40-point lead at quarter time.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, First quarter
However, Geelong's physical approach was starting to take its toll on the Hawks. Besides the injury to Brereton, John Platten had been concussed, and Robert DiPierdomenico was crunched from behind by Ablett while going backwards to take a mark; consequently, DiPierdomenico had suffered broken ribs and a punctured lung, although the full extent of the injury was not known at the time.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, Second quarter
Geelong captain and ruckman Damian Bourke was replaced by Darren Flanigan in the second quarter, and he began to have an immediate impact in the ruck contests. Stoneham and Ablett gave Geelong the perfect start to the quarter, the latter nailing his set shot with a perfectly executed banana kick after reeling in a spectacular one-handed mark after holding his position against his opponent Scott Maginness.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, Second quarter
Just as it looked like Hawthorn was getting away again, Ablett inspired the Geelong supporters with two goals in as many minutes, the second one going down in football folklore: jumping up to grab the ball from a boundary throw-in deep in the forward pocket and snapped truly from a tight angle. When Andrew Bews added another, Geelong had cut the margin back to 24 points. Maginness, Ablett's opponent up to that point, was moved onto Billy Brownless, while Chris Langford was assigned to mind Ablett for the rest of the game. In time-on, Hawthorn managed to score further goals through Dunstall and take a 37-point lead at the main break.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, Third quarter
Yet again, the Cats scored the first goal of the quarter when Ablett marked a centering high kick from Garry Hocking in the sixth minute and calmly slotted his fifth goal. The Cats kept attacking, but every goal seemed to be met with a Hawthorn reply. When the siren sounded to end the third quarter, Hawthorn led by 36 points.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, Final quarter
The Hawks had no fit players left to rotate on the interchange. As such, the Cats were finally able to get on a run, but after Anderson goaled to put Hawthorn 17 points up, it turned out to be just enough. After Ablett kicked his ninth goal, Cameron calmly collected himself and kicked what would be the final goal of the match with 29 seconds left on the clock.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, Aftermath
In the ensuing moments of celebration, DiPierdomenico was rushed to St Vincent's Hospital. Ablett's nine goals equalled the record for most goals kicked in a grand final, tying Gordon Coventry's 61-year-old record of goals in a grand final set in the 1928 VFL Grand Final. The Norm Smith Medal was awarded to Ablett for being judged the best player afield, being the second player after Maurice Rioli to win the award on the losing team.


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, Aftermath
By the end of the match, Hawthorn had only 13 fit players on the field. Scottish soccer player Ray Stewart observed the game and was recorded to have said: "I would not play this game for a million dollars."


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, Aftermath
In the documentary series The Final Story, Malcolm Blight was able to acknowledge the significance of the game in football history:


1989 VFL Grand Final, Match summary, Aftermath
That fact that the '89 grand final is held in such esteem by most people that love the game of football … it was a joy to be involved, for all the good and bad of it. It's just that every time we talk about it now, we still can't win the bloody thing.


1989 VFL draft
The 1989 VFL draft was the fourth annual national draft held by the Victorian Football League (since changed its name to Australian Football League) as the main method for the 14 teams to recruit players for the 1990 season. It consisted of a trading period, pre-draft selections, the main national draft and the 1990 pre-season draft and a non-compulsory 1990 mid-year draft. The minimum age for most draftees was 16 and clubs other than the West Coast Eagles were only allowed to choose one player each from Western Australia. For the non-Queensland and NSW clubs, players from those states had to be 19 to be selected, by which time the Brisbane Bears or Sydney Swans would have had three chances to recruit them.


1989 VFL finals series
The 1989 Victorian Football League finals series was the 93rd annual edition of the VFL/AFL final series, the Australian rules football tournament staged to determine the winner of the 1989 VFL Premiership season. The series ran over four weekends in September 1989, culminating with the 1989 VFL Grand Final at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 30 September 1989.


1989 VFL finals series, Qualification
After thoroughly dominating the competition the previous season, it again appeared that nothing could stand in the way of the Hawthorn juggernaut. They moved to the top of the ladder in Round 4 after beating Richmond and stayed there for the rest of the home-and-away season, finishing two games clear of second-placed Essendon with 19 wins and a percentage of 153. Full -forward Jason Dunstall reached his second successive century of goals in a season against Carlton in Round 18 and would finish the home-and-away season with 128 majors.


1989 VFL finals series, Qualification
The Bombers, who narrowly missed out on the finals in 1988, put together an eight-game winning streak in the second half of the season, the high point being their 142-point thrashing of West Coast, keeping them to a solitary goal for the match. The streak began after a loss to Sydney and ended with another loss to Sydney in Round 21, which cost them any chance of top spot. Under new coach Malcolm Blight, Geelong qualified for their first VFL finals series since 1981 after a season where they broke various club and League scoring records.


1989 VFL finals series, Qualification
After their thrilling Round 6 shoot-out against Hawthorn (in which they set the League record for the highest losing score), the Cats went on a rampage, starting with three consecutive victories of over 100 points against St Kilda, Brisbane Bears and Richmond. They strung together six further wins to consolidate their spot in the Top Five, eventually finishing the home-and-away season in third place with 16 wins and a new League record for the highest points aggregate with 2916 points, breaking Sydney's 1987 record.


1989 VFL finals series, Qualification
Paul Couch racked up over 600 disposals on his way to the Brownlow Medal, while prolific onballers Mark Bairstow, Andrew Bews and Garry Hocking would also consistently provide quality service to Geelong's spectacular forwards led by Gary Ablett, who was ably assisted by Gavin Exell, Barry Stoneham and Bill Brownless. 1988 runner-up Melbourne had a strong first half of the season, at one stage sitting second on the ladder after winning a hard-fought match against Hawthorn.


1989 VFL finals series, Qualification
In the end, the three-game buffer the Demons held over the teams battling for fifth spot was enough to secure them a third consecutive finals berth, despite losing five of their last six games in the home-and-away rounds. In the process, Melbourne became one of only a few teams to make the finals with a percentage of less than 100.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches
The 1989 VFL finals series was contested using the McIntyre Final Five system, which had been in use since 1972.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week one (Qualifying and Elimination Finals), Elimination Final (Melbourne v Collingwood)
The Elimination Final saw fourth-placed Melbourne host fifth-placed Collingwood at VFL Park. This marked the 22nd final between the two clubs, having previously met in the 1988 First Semi-Final which was won by Melbourne. They had contested seven Grand finals – in 1926, 1939, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1960 and 1964. Melbourne had won all but one of those Grand finals (when Collingwood famously prevented them from matching the four-in-a-row premiership feat in 1958), and the overall record was also in Melbourne's favour, with 15 wins, 5 losses and a draw in the 1928 Second Semi-final.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week one (Qualifying and Elimination Finals), Elimination Final (Melbourne v Collingwood)
TeamsThis shows the teams as listed in the The Football Record on the Thursday before the game. Both teams were missing key players due to injury; Melbourne were missing star key-position player Garry Lyon (who had been out for several weeks with a groin/thigh injury) and defender Danny Hughes (groin strain), while for Collingwood Darren Millane and Paul Hawke were unavailable, and full-forward Brian Taylor was omitted after admitting to coach Leigh Matthews that he was not fully fit.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week one (Qualifying and Elimination Finals), Elimination Final (Melbourne v Collingwood)
Match summaryCollingwood started well, with captain Shaw prolific early, gathering eight possessions in the opening 15 minutes and ably supported by Wright and Hrysoulakis. In the absence of Taylor, Starcevich provided a viable alternative with three first half goals. A five-goal burst at the start of the third quarter helped Melbourne gain a lead they would not relinquish. The siren eventually sounded with the Demons having won their third consecutive Elimination final, while for Collingwood it was again a bitter disappointment. Matthews


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week one (Qualifying and Elimination Finals), Qualifying Final (Essendon v Geelong)
The Qualifying Final saw second-placed Essendon host third-placed Geelong at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week one (Qualifying and Elimination Finals), Qualifying Final (Essendon v Geelong)
Essendon's finals experience proved vital as they brushed aside a nervous Geelong team.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week two (semi-finals), First Semi-final (Geelong vs Melbourne)
The First Semi-final saw Geelong host Melbourne at the MCG. It was the third time the two sides had met in a VFL final, the previous occasion being over 30 years ago in the 1954 Preliminary final, which was won by Melbourne. The Cats made a number of changes to the side following their disappointing performance in the Qualifying final: Exell was replaced by ?. The Demons fielded an unchanged team from their Elimination final victory.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week two (semi-finals), First Semi-final (Geelong vs Melbourne)
After a week of criticism for their poor showing in the Qualifying final, Malcolm Blight demonstrated his ability to take calculated tactical risks to confuse the opposition and show his intent. Although Paul Couch and Mark Bairstow had been named in the starting line-up on the Thursday night, Blight anticipated that Melbourne would assign players to negate their influence. When the teams took their places on the field, the Demons were caught by surprise when Couch and Bairstow went to the bench and their places were taken in the middle by Mark Yeates and Damian Drum.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week two (semi-finals), First Semi-final (Geelong vs Melbourne)
After being physically dominated by Essendon, the Cats were keen to assert themselves from the beginning. The opening quarter was a fiery affair, with Geelong's excessive aggression threatening to backfire at times. While both sides had even scoring chances in the first half, Melbourne's wasted opportunities, especially in the second quarter when it kicked two goals and six behinds, were to prove costly. At the other end, Gary Ablett and Barry Stoneham were proving a handful for the Melbourne defence, having kicked seven of Geelong's eight goals for the half.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week two (semi-finals), First Semi-final (Geelong vs Melbourne)
After starting on the bench, Couch and Bairstow were brought on for the second half as Geelong looked to capitalize on their half-time lead. Ablett finished the game with seven goals and provided some unforgettable highlights, the first being a spectacular high mark, jumping into a pack and splitting it as he juggled the mark while falling to the ground. Almost as brilliant as his spectacular high mark over the pack was his one-handed mark in a one-on-one contest with Rod Grinter a few minutes later, which was finished with an excellent set shot goal.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week two (semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn vs Essendon)
The Second Semi-final saw Hawthorn play Essendon at VFL Park. The two clubs last met in the 1985 VFL Grand Final which was won by Essendon.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week two (semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn vs Essendon)
The highlight of the game was Brereton's perfectly executed hip-and-shoulder on Paul Vander Haar.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week three (Preliminary Final), Preliminary final (Essendon vs Geelong)
The Preliminary Final saw Essendon play Geelong at VFL Park on Saturday 23 September for the right to contest the Grand Final against Hawthorn. This marked the 400th VFL finals match since 1897, and it was somewhat appropriate that it should be contested by Essendon and Geelong, since both those teams had finished the inaugural League season first and second, respectively. Essendon were forced to make a number of changes to the starting team, with Salmon, Harvey, Duckworth and Vander Haar all unavailable. For Geelong, there was only one change to the team which had beaten Melbourne the previous week; Robert Scott was selected to replace the suspended Mark Yeates.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week three (Preliminary Final), Preliminary final (Essendon vs Geelong)
In a dramatic 170-point turnaround, Geelong thrashed Essendon by 94 points. Essendon started well, leading by 11 points midway through the first quarter before Geelong took complete control. Blight again showed his willingness to experiment with positioning by playing his two half-forward flankers in defence, allowing his forwards more space. Gary Ablett led the way with eight goals.


1989 VFL finals series, Matches, Week four (Grand Final)
This was Hawthorn's seventh successive Grand Final appearance, while Geelong were appearing in the big decider for the first time since 1967. The Hawks were chasing their 8th premiership and aiming to win back-to-back flags for the first time in the club's history.


1989 VFL season
The 1989 Victorian Football League season was the 93rd season of the elite Australian rules football competition. It was also the last season for the competition under its original name as it was renamed the Australian Football League in 1990.


1989 VFL season, Player statistics and awards, Leading goalkickers
Abbreviation guide: Gms=Games played in the season, Gls/Bhds=Goals and behinds kicked, Acc%=Accuracy percentage (Goals divided by Goals + Behinds multiplied by 100), GpM=Average goals per match


1989 VFL season, Notes
Based on a qualification of a team total of three or more goals.


1989 VII ACB International Tournament "VI Memorial Héctor Quiroga"
The 1989 VII ACB International Tournament "VI Memorial Héctor Quiroga" was the 7th semi-official edition of the European Basketball Club Super Cup. It took place at Pabellón Municipal de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, Spain, on 8, 9 and 10 October 1989 with the participations of Jugoplastika (champions of the 1988–89 FIBA European Champions Cup), Real Madrid (champions of the 1988–89 FIBA European Cup Winner's Cup), FC Barcelona Banca Catalana (champions of the 1988–89 Liga ACB) and Philips Milano (champions of the 1988–89 Serie A1 FIP).


1989 VII ACB International Tournament "VI Memorial Héctor Quiroga"
Fourteen days earlier (on 26 September and on 3 October) was due to take place the 1989 FIBA European Super Cup, but finally was suspended and not organized by the late appearance of Jugoplastika, claiming the Yugoslav club was unwilling to make an economic effort for the trip (despite some days later to play the ACB International Tournament), for a competition still young.


1989 Vale of Glamorgan by-election
A by-election was held for the British House of Commons constituency of Vale of Glamorgan on 4 May 1989 following the death of Conservative MP Sir Raymond Gower.


1989 Vale of Glamorgan by-election
Eleven candidates stood, which remains the most in any Welsh by-election.


1989 Vale of Glamorgan by-election
The result was a Labour gain, the party's first by-election gain of this parliamentary term, which came at a time when it was starting to match and even overtake the Conservative government in the opinion polls, just after the controversial poll tax was announced.


1989 Vale of Glamorgan by-election
Neil Kinnock believed the result, which was reported as 'a massive victory' for Labour, showed a change in the Labour Party's fortunes, and stated "the tide has turned". The swing of 12.35 was significant as if repeated at the next general election would have resulted in Labour winning power. The result was reported by The Glasgow Herald as being a "humiliation" for both the Social and Liberal Democrats and SDP, the two centre parties which had emerged from the former SDP–Liberal Alliance.


1989 Vale of Glamorgan by-election
In the wake of the result the Social and Liberal Democrats' leader Paddy Ashdown called for SDP members to defect to his party, but this call was not supported by SDP leader David Owen, who instead indicated his party might be prepared to enter into a future coalition government with Labour.


1989 Vale of Glamorgan by-election
Ultimately the seat was narrowly won back by the Conservatives at the 1992 general election.


1989 Valvettiturai massacre
The 1989 Valvettiturai massacre occurred on 2 and 3 August 1989 in the small coastal town of Valvettiturai, on the Jaffna Peninsula in Sri Lanka. Sixty-four Sri Lankan Tamil civilians were killed by soldiers of the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The massacre followed an attack on the soldiers by rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam cadres. The rebel attack had left six Indian soldiers, including an officer, dead, and another 10 injured. Indian authorities claimed that the civilians were caught in crossfire.


1989 Valvettiturai massacre
Journalists such as Rita Sebastian of the Indian Express, David Husego of the Financial Times and local human rights groups such as the University Teachers for Human Rights have reported quoting eyewitness accounts that it was a massacre of civilians. George Fernandes, who later served as defense minister of India (1998–2004), called the massacre India’s My Lai.


1989 Valvettiturai massacre, Background information
During the British colonial period, when Sri Lanka was known as Ceylon, most civil service jobs were (roughly 60%) held by minority Sri Lankan Tamils who were approximately 15% of the population. This was due to the availability of western style education provided by American missionaries and others in the Tamil dominant Jaffna Peninsula. The preponderance of Tamils over their natural share of the population was used by populist majority Sinhalese politicians to come to political power by promising to elevate the Sinhalese people. These measures as well as riots and pogroms that targeted the minority Sri Lankan Tamils led to the formation of a number of rebel groups advocating independence for Tamils. Following the 1983 Black July pogrom full scale civil war began between the government and the rebel groups.


1989 Valvettiturai massacre, Background information
In 1987 the government of Sri Lanka and India entered into an agreement and invited the Indian Army to be used as peacekeepers. Eventually the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) came into conflict with one of the rebel groups namely the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). During October 1987 the Indian forces trying to wrest control of the Jaffna town stormed the Jaffna hospital resulting in the deaths of a number of staff and patients. By November 1987 the Indian Army was in nominal control of all major towns within the Jaffna Peninsula. But the LTTE after removing most of its fighting cadres south of the peninsula maintained a steady barrage of typical guerilla style attacks throughout 1988 and 1989. This period also saw huge loss of civilian life, claimed rapes and number of instances of mass massacres.


1989 Valvettiturai massacre, Reactions
According to the Financial Times report, the Indians believe that the incident resulted from a deliberate provocation by the LTTE intended to trigger an overwhelming Indian response; thus tarnishing the IPKF’s image, during sensitive negotiations to leave the island nation. The Indian embassy claimed that 24 civilians were killed in crossfire. A later report on All India Radio claimed that 18 LTTE personnel and 12 civilians were killed. The statement by the Chief Minister of the North East Mr. Varadarajaperumal dismissed the local media reports as exaggerations.


1989 Valvettiturai massacre, Reactions
According to an affidavit by an eyewitness, very next day, the Commanding Officer of Vadamaradchi (region), Brigadier Shankar Prasad, the Deputy Commander, Col Aujla, and the Udupiddy Commanding Officer, Colonel Sharma met some of the survivors and apologized. George Fernandes who served as India's defence minister from 1998 to 2004 termed the massacres as India’s My Lai.


1989 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
The 1989 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University in the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Commodores were led by head coach Watson Brown in his fourth season and finished with a record of one win and ten losses (1–10 overall, 0–7 in the SEC).


1989 Vatican AIDS conference
The 1989 Vatican AIDS conference, known officially as the Fourth International Conference of the Pontifical Council for Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers, was a three-day academic symposium that ran from November 13 to November 15, 1989. Hosted by the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers at the Synod Hall in Vatican City, it included over 1,000 delegates, including church leaders and the world's top scientists and AIDS researchers, from 85 countries. The theme was "To live: why? AIDS : Church and health in the world." Attendees gathered to develop a pandemic response that was total, spiritual, cultural, psychological, and medical.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Prior meeting of American bishops
At the semi-annual meeting of the bishops of the United States just prior to the Vatican conference, the American bishops overwhelmingly adopted, by a 219–4 vote, a 68-page statement entitled "Called to Compassion and Responsibility: A Response to the HIV/AIDS Crisis."


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Prior meeting of American bishops
The statement made several points, including calling for the best medical and scientific information, the need for HIV-infected people to be treated with care and compassion, and the need for greater education to inform the public about the disease. The bishops also called for additional resources, both medical and pastoral, for people with AIDS, and for their civil rights to be protected. Governments and private groups were called upon to devote more resources to find a cure and to prevent the transition of the virus.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Prior meeting of American bishops
Dioceses were also encouraged to train clergy and laity to minister to AIDS victims and their families. It urged Catholics to pray daily for those with HIV and AIDS. Called to Compassion also rejected mandatory universal testing for AIDS.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Prior meeting of American bishops
The statement also reiterated traditional Catholic sexual morality and rejected condoms and needle exchange programs as methods to halt the spread, though the section on condoms made up only a small portion of the document. The bishops' position on condoms was criticized by some as "unrealistic," "irresponsible," and would cause additional deaths. Experts believe that to avoid contracting HIV the best method is to avoid sex, but that condoms should be used if having sex.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Prior meeting of American bishops
The statement said that treating AIDS patients with reverence, love, and compassion was "the only authentic Gospel response" and condemned discrimination or violence against people with AIDS. It rejected the notion that AIDS was to be seen as a punishment from God, and efforts to soften that language were unsuccessful for fear that it could be used as a pretense to harm LBGT people or might be seen as portraying HIV as "God's revenge."


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference
The goal of the conference was to find a team approach to dealing with the pandemic that looked at the issue holistically. It was a formal affair, with little open dissent or opportunity for discussion. Informal discussions took place outside of formal sessions. One attendee said this was due to having 50 speakers in three days, rather than a deliberate attempt to prevent dialogue or debate.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference
Another attendee, an American Jesuit priest, said the lack of dialogue and interaction made it the worst conference he had ever attended. Cardinal John O'Connor of New York said he would have organized the conference differently, including the voices of people with AIDS, adding increased discussion, and including hands-on activities.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, First day
The opening speech of the conference was given by O'Connor. In it, he predicted that New York City alone would be spending $4.5 million a day to care for AIDS patients by 1991. Robert Gallo, the co-discoverer of HIV, predicted that a viable AIDS vaccine would be available by 1991 or 1992.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Second day
The second day of the conference focused on scientific and medical questions relating to AIDS, and less on the behaviors that could bring it. Edmund Pellegrino, a bioethicist from Georgetown University, said doctors had a moral obligation to provide care to AIDS patients without discrimination. Any doctor who refused, he said, should have his license revoked. He also said they should tell patients that their spouses were infected with AIDS, even if the infected spouse did not consent to the disclosure.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Third day
The final day opened with a speech by theologian Rocco Buttiglione. In "AIDS: the Wrath of God? ", Buttiglione asserted that AIDS was a divine punishment "sent by God to call people back to truth and justice." He also urged compassion for those with the virus. Angelini, on the other hand, said AIDS was not a punishment from God but instead reflected a breakdown in societal values.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Third day
At the closing of the conference, John Paul II called for a global plan to combat AIDS and pledged the full support of the Catholic Church for those who were battling it. They were his most expansive comments on the disease to that point. The Church, he said, was "called upon as a protagonist in this new area of human suffering." Doing so, he said, was fundamental to the mission of the Church. He said the Church was called to both help prevent the spread of the disease and to care for those infected with it.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Third day
The pope also deplored what he viewed as the destructive behaviors that spread the disease, including "abuse of sexuality," a reference to gay sex. He also implicitly opposed the use of condoms to prevent the spread of HIV. He added that "AIDS has by far many more profound repercussions of a moral, social, economic, juridical and structural nature, not only on individual families and in neighbourhood communities, but also on nations and on the entire community of peoples."


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Third day
His speech was interpreted by an American priest in attendance as the pope pledging his solidarity and that of the Church with people with AIDS.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Post-conference events
Following the conference, James M. Graham, an American priest, was appointed as the president of the newly formed International Christian AIDS Network. The network was charged with providing information to priests around the world on HIV and AIDS.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Protests
The first day of the conference was briefly halted when John White, an Irish priest, was detained outside. White, who contracted HIV while serving as a missionary in Kenya, held a sign stating "The Church Has AIDS." White held the sign in protest of a lack of speaking roles for AIDS victims and was unhappy with the moralizing tone many of the speakers took. He was later readmitted to the conference by Angelini. White announced to the conference that he had AIDS and received loud applause when he and Angelini embraced.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Protests
AIDS activist Bob Kunst handed out fliers outside the conference hall that said the conference was a sham.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Protests, People with AIDS
People with AIDS were invited to attend the conference, but none were asked to speak. As White was being escorted from the hall, he told reporters that as an AIDS victim he had no voice at the conference. Upset that they did not have a direct voice during the official proceedings, roughly 50 victims, priests, nuns, and healthcare professionals held sessions in a side room to formulate their own agenda. They felt the first day was too focused on sexual behavior and drug abuse.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Conference, Protests, People with AIDS
One AIDS patient, Peter Larkin, asked to speak at the closing session but was denied. Larkin also decried the Church's prohibition on the use of condoms. He later spoke with Pope John Paul II.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Issues, Condoms
Church officials were unanimous in their opposition to contraceptive measures to prevent the spread of HIV. The Church's position differed from that of most governments and private organizations.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Issues, Condoms
Monsignor Carlo Caffarra, an advisor to John Paul II on sexual issues, told the conference that campaigns to promote condoms made the pandemic worse because condoms were "far from reliable" and encouraged high-risk behavior. He said condoms were not morally justified even if used by married couples to prevent an HIV-positive spouse from infecting their healthy partner. William Blattner, the head of viral epidemiology at the National Cancer Institute agreed with Caffarra, adding that distributing needles to drug addicts was also encouraging high-risk behavior.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Issues, Condoms
O'Connor also reiterated his opposition to condoms as a method to prevent the transition of HIV. He said healthcare professionals who did not address the moral dimensions of sexual activity or drug use, or dissuade their patients from engaging in immoral acts, did a great disservice to those with AIDS. Some healthcare workers, he said, encouraged condoms to avoid naming gay sex and drug use as the problem. "Good morality," he said, "is good medicine." Gallo disagreed with O'Connor, saying he felt parts of O'Connor's speech were upsetting because, unlike O'Connor, not everyone believed in an afterlife.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Issues, Condoms
Some attendees, including Gallo and Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute, defended condoms as a tool to prevent transmission. August Wilhelm Von Eiff, a German doctor and medical ethicist, said he deplored "every aspect of condom propaganda." As a doctor, however, he counselled his married patients to use condoms to prevent transmission from an infected spouse to a non-infected spouse, and also to prevent the conception of a child infected with the virus. Other theologians said married couples in which one spouse had the virus should remain abstinent. Kunst, the director of an AIDS care center in Miami, said the Church's position was "seriously flawed and irrelevant."


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Issues, Compassion for AIDS victims
At the opening session of the conference, O'Connor urged people with HIV/AIDS to be treated with respect and not as public health hazards, as outcasts, or shunned and left to die. This included, he said, those in prison who were often put in solitary confinement until they died. He worried that a "euthanasia mindset" would lead to many people with AIDS dying alone, covered with sores, and mad. He noted that the Church had historically embraced the sinner even while condemning the sin.


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Issues, Compassion for AIDS victims
Archbishop Fiorenzo Angelini, the convention's convener, said "victims are our brothers and we should not sit in judgement of them."


1989 Vatican AIDS conference, Homosexuality
Discussions were complicated by the Church's position on homosexuality and its relationship to AIDS. The Catholic Church teaches that being gay is not sinful, but that gay sex acts are. At the time of the convention, it was estimated that 72% of American AIDS victims contracted HIV through gay sex.


1989 Vauxhall by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom House of Commons was held in the constituency of Vauxhall on 15 June 1989, following the resignation of sitting Member of Parliament (MP) Stuart Holland.


1989 Vauxhall by-election
The winner, Kate Hoey, was Minister for Sport in Tony Blair's Labour government from 1999 to 2001 before returning to the backbenches.


1989 Vauxhall by-election
The 1989 by-election was caused by Stuart Holland's resignation to take up an academic job in preference to remaining in the Labour Party. There was controversy surrounding the Labour candidate selection process. Black candidate Martha Osamor had the most nominations, with Hoey only having one, but the National Executive Committee declined to shortlist Osamor and imposed a shortlist on the constituency party. When the local party refused to choose from the shortlist, Hoey was imposed by the NEC as the Labour candidate.


1989 Vauxhall by-election, Candidates
The by-election was contested by 14 candidates: one of the longest lists of serious candidates at any by-election in the 1980s. Don Milligan stood as the candidate of the Revolutionary Communist Party and made the struggle for gay equality the centrepiece of his campaign. Rev Hewie Andrew stood as "The People's Candidate", out of protest at the Labour Party's selection process for their candidate. There were two "Green" candidates: Henry Bewley (who represented the Green Party officially, and Dominic Allen (sponsored by a religious cult) who used the title "The Greens". This was the first time the Green Party saved its deposit in a UK Parliamentary election. There were two National Front candidates, from their warring "Official" and "Flag" factions.


1989 Vauxhall by-election, Candidates
At close of nominations, there had been 15 contenders, with rival candidates for the 'Social & Liberal Democrats' and 'Continuing Social Democratic Party'. However, the SDP candidate, Tom Edwards, withdrew his candidature before the notice of poll.


1989 Vincentian general election
General elections were held in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines on 16 May 1989. The result was a landslide victory for the centrist New Democratic Party, which won all fifteen seats, returning James Mitchell to a second term as Prime Minister. Voter turnout was 72.4%.


1989 Vincentian general election
The 1989 election is also the most lopsided in terms of the popular vote margin since the country gained independence in 1979, with the NDP securing a 36-point victory over the second-placed Saint Vincent Labour Party. As of 2017, this is the last time that a single party won over 60% of the popular vote or more than 80% of the constituencies. It is also the last time that North Central Windward, South Windward, and Central Leeward have voted for the NDP.


1989 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 1989 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia in the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season. They went 10–2 in the regular season and were champions of the Atlantic Coast Conference. They were invited to the 1990 Florida Citrus Bowl, where they were defeated by Illinois.


1989 Virginia Cavaliers men's soccer team
The 1989 Virginia Cavaliers men's soccer team represented the University of Virginia during the 1989 NCAA Division I men's soccer season. The Cavaliers, playing their 49th season of existence, won their first ever national championship, which was a co-title with Santa Clara. It was often considered the start to the Cavaliers' early 1990s dynasty run in college soccer.


1989 Virginia House of Delegates election
The Virginia House of Delegates election of 1989 was held on Tuesday, November 7. Primary elections were held on June 13, 1989.


1989 Virginia Slims Championships
The 1989 Virginia Slims Championships were the nineteenth WTA Tour Championships, the annual tennis tournament for the best female tennis players in singles on the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the 19th edition of the tournament and was held from November 13 through November 19, 1989 on indoor carpet courts in Madison Square Garden in New York City, United States. First-seeded Steffi Graf won the singles title, her second at the event after 1987,  and earned $125,000 first-prize money.


1989 Virginia Slims Championships, Finals, Doubles
Martina Navratilova /  Pam Shriver defeated  Larisa Savchenko /  Natasha Zvereva, 6–3, 6–2.


1989 Virginia Slims Championships – Doubles
Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver were the defending champions and successfully defended their title, defeating Larisa Savchenko and Natasha Zvereva 6–3, 6–2 in the final.


1989 Virginia Slims Championships – Doubles
It was the 7th title of the year, 10th Tour Finals title and 150th overall title for Navratilova, and the 8th title of the year, 9th Tour Finals title and 102st overall title for Shriver, in their respective doubles careers.


1989 Virginia Slims Championships – Singles
Sabatini was the defending champion but she lost in the semifinals to Steffi Graf.


1989 Virginia Slims Championships – Singles
Steffi Graf won in the final 6–4, 7–5, 2–6, 6–2 against Martina Navratilova.


1989 Virginia Slims Championships – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Albuquerque, New Mexico in the United States that was part of the Category 2 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from August 14 through August 20, 1989. Lori McNeil won the singles title.


1989 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque, Finals, Doubles
Nicole Provis /  Elna Reinach defeated  Raffaella Reggi /  Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 4–6, 6–4, 6–2


1989 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque – Doubles
Nicole Provis and Elna Reinach won in the final 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 against Raffaella Reggi and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario.


1989 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque – Singles
Lori McNeil won in the final 6–1, 6–3 against Elna Reinach.


1989 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Arizona
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Arizona was a women's  tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Phoenix, Arizona in the United States and was part of the Category 2 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from September 12 through September 18, 1989. First-seeded Conchita Martínez won the singles title and earned $17,000 first-prize money.


1989 Virginia Slims of Arizona, Finals, Doubles
Penny Barg /  Peanut Louie Harper defeated  Elise Burgin /  Rosalyn Fairbank 7–6(16–14), 7–6(7–3)


1989 Virginia Slims of California
The 1989 Virginia Slims of California was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Arena in Oakland, California in the United States and was part of Category 4 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. The tournament ran from February 20 through February 26, 1989. Third-seeded Zina Garrison won the singles title.


1989 Virginia Slims of California, Finals, Doubles
Patty Fendick /  Jill Hetherington defeated  Larisa Savchenko /  Natasha Zvereva 7–5, 3–6, 6–2


1989 Virginia Slims of California – Doubles
Rosemary Casals and Martina Navratilova were the defending champions but lost in the semifinals to Larisa Savchenko and Natasha Zvereva.


1989 Virginia Slims of California – Doubles
Patty Fendick and Jill Hetherington won in the final 7–5, 3–6, 6–2 against Savchenko and Zvereva.


1989 Virginia Slims of California – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of California – Singles
Martina Navratilova was the defending champion of the singles event but lost in the semifinals of the 1989 Virginia Slims of California tennis tournament to Larisa Savchenko.


1989 Virginia Slims of California – Singles
Zina Garrison won in the final 6–1, 6–2 against Savchenko.


1989 Virginia Slims of California – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Chicago
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Chicago was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the UIC Pavilion in Chicago, Illinois in the United States and was part of the Category 4 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the 18th edition of the tournament and was held from November 6 through November 12, 1989. Second-seeded Zina Garrison won the singles title.


1989 Virginia Slims of Chicago, Finals, Doubles
Larisa Savchenko /  Natasha Zvereva defeated  Jana Novotná /  Helena Suková 6–4, 3–6, 6–4


1989 Virginia Slims of Dallas
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Dallas was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Moody Coliseum in Dallas, Texas in the United States and was part of the Category 4 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the 19th edition of the tournament and ran from September 18 through September 24, 1989. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $50,000 first-prize money.


1989 Virginia Slims of Dallas, Finals, Doubles
Mary Joe Fernández /  Betsy Nagelsen defeated  Elise Burgin /  Rosalyn Fairbank 7–6(7–5), 6–3


1989 Virginia Slims of Florida
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Florida was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Polo Club of Boca Raton in Boca Raton, Florida in the United States and was part of the Category 5 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. The tournament ran from March 13 through March 19, 1989. First-seeded Steffi Graf won the singles title, her second at the event after 1987.


1989 Virginia Slims of Florida, Finals, Doubles
Jana Novotná /  Helena Suková defeated  Jo Durie /  Mary Joe Fernández 6–4, 6–2


1989 Virginia Slims of Florida – Doubles
Katrina Adams and Zina Garrison were the defending champions of the doubles event but lost in the quarterfinals of the 1989 Virginia Slims of Florida tennis tournament to Manon Bollegraf and Eva Pfaff.


1989 Virginia Slims of Florida – Doubles
Jana Novotná and Helena Suková won in the final 6–4, 6–2 against Jo Durie and Mary Joe Fernández.


1989 Virginia Slims of Florida – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated. The top four seeded teams received byes into the second round.


1989 Virginia Slims of Florida – Singles
Gabriela Sabatini was the defending champion of the singles event of the 1989 Virginia Slims of Florida tennis tournament but lost in the third round to Terry Phelps.


1989 Virginia Slims of Florida – Singles
Steffi Graf won in the final 4–6, 6–2, 6–3 against Chris Evert.


1989 Virginia Slims of Florida – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated. The top eight seeds received a bye to the second round.


1989 Virginia Slims of Houston
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Houston was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Westside Tennis Club in Houston, Texas in the United States that was part of the Category 4 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from April 24 through April 30, 1989. Unseeded Monica Seles won the singles title.


1989 Virginia Slims of Houston, Finals, Doubles
Katrina Adams /  Zina Garrison defeated  Gigi Fernández /  Lori McNeil 6–3, 6–4


1989 Virginia Slims of Houston – Doubles
Katrina Adams and Zina Garrison were the defending champions and won in the final 6–3, 6–4 against Gigi Fernández and Lori McNeil.


1989 Virginia Slims of Houston – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Houston – Singles
Chris Evert was the defending champion but lost in the final 3–6, 6–1, 6–4 against Monica Seles.


1989 Virginia Slims of Houston – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Indian Wells – Doubles
Hana Mandlíková and Pam Shriver won in the final 6–3, 6–7, 6–3 against Rosalyn Fairbank and Gretchen Magers.


1989 Virginia Slims of Indian Wells – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Indian Wells – Singles
This was the first edition of the tournament for women.


1989 Virginia Slims of Indian Wells – Singles
Manuela Maleeva won in the final 6–4, 6–1 against Jenny Byrne.


1989 Virginia Slims of Indian Wells – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated. The top four seeds received a bye to the second round.


1989 Virginia Slims of Indianapolis
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Indianapolis was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Indianapolis, Indiana in the United States and was part of the Category 2 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the 10th edition of the tournament and ran from October 30 through November 5, 1989. First-seeded Katerina Maleeva won her second consecutive singles title at the event.


1989 Virginia Slims of Indianapolis, Finals, Doubles
Katrina Adams /  Lori McNeil defeated  Claudia Porwik /  Larisa Savchenko 6–4, 6–4


1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Crestview Country Club in Wichita, Kansas in the United States and was part of  the Category 2 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. The tournament ran from February 20 through February 26, 1989. Sixth-seeded Amy Frazier won the singles title and earned $17,000 first-prize money.


1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas, Finals, Doubles
Manon Bollegraf /  Lise Gregory defeated  Sandy Collins /  Leila Meskhi 6–2, 7–6(7–5)


1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas – Doubles
Natalia Bykova and Svetlana Parkhomenko were the defending champions of the doubles title at the 1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas tennis tournament but did not compete that year.


1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas – Doubles
Manon Bollegraf and Lise Gregory won in the final 6–2, 7–6 against Sandy Collins and Leila Meskhi.


1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas – Singles
Manuela Maleeva was the defending champion of the singles title at the 1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas tennis tournament but did not compete that year.


1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas – Singles
Amy Frazier won in the final 4–6, 6–4, 6–0 against Barbara Potter.


1989 Virginia Slims of Kansas – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Manhattan Country Club in Manhattan Beach, California in the United States that was part of the Category 5 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the 16th edition of the tournament and was held from August 7 through August 13, 1989. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title, her sixth at the event.


1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles, Finals, Doubles
Martina Navratilova /  Wendy Turnbull defeated  Mary Joe Fernández /  Claudia Kohde-Kilsch 5–2 (Fernández and Kohde-Kilsch retired)


1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles – Doubles
Patty Fendick and Jill Hetherington were the defending champions of the doubles event at the 1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles tennis tournament but lost in the quarterfinals to Elizabeth Smylie and Janine Tremelling.


1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles – Doubles
Martina Navratilova and Wendy Turnbull won the final 5–2 after Mary Joe Fernández and Claudia Kohde-Kilsch were forced to retire.


1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated. The top four seeded teams received byes into the second round.


1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles – Singles
Chris Evert was the defending champion of the singles event at the Virginia Slims of Los Angeles tennis tournament but did not compete that year.


1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles – Singles
Martina Navratilova won in the final 6–0, 6–2 against Gabriela Sabatini.


1989 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated. The top eight seeds received a bye to the second round.


1989 Virginia Slims of Moscow
The Virginia Slims of Moscow (Russian: Московский турнир «Вирджиния Слимз»; after the title sponsor of that year's WTA tour) was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Soviet Union, that was part of the Category 2 tier of the 1989 Virginia Slims World Championship Series (1989 WTA Tour).


1989 Virginia Slims of Moscow
It was held from October 8 through 15, 1989. It was the inaugural edition of the WTA tournament later known as the St. Petersburg Open and the Moscow Ladies Open.


1989 Virginia Slims of Moscow, Champions, Doubles
Larisa Savchenko /  Natasha Zvereva defeated  Nathalie Herreman /  Catherine Suire 6–3, 6–4


1989 Virginia Slims of Nashville
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Nashville was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Maryland Farms Racquet Club in Brentwood, Tennessee in the United States and was part of Category 2 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and ran from November 6 through November 12, 1989. Sixth-seeded Leila Meskhi won the singles title.


1989 Virginia Slims of Nashville, Finals, Doubles
Manon Bollegraf /  Meredith McGrath defeated  Natalia Medvedeva /  Leila Meskhi 1–6, 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–4)


1989 Virginia Slims of New England
The 1989 Virginia Slims of New England was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Centrum in Worcester in Worcester, Massachusetts in the United States and was part of the Category 5 tier of events of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from October 30 through November 5, 1989. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $60,000.


1989 Virginia Slims of New England, Finals, Doubles
Martina Navratilova /  Pam Shriver defeated  Elise Burgin /  Rosalyn Fairbank 6–4, 4–6, 6–4


1989 Virginia Slims of Newport – Doubles
Rosalyn Fairbank and Barbara Potter were the defending champions but did not compete that year.


1989 Virginia Slims of Newport – Doubles
Gigi Fernández and Lori McNeil won in the final 6–3, 6–7, 7–5 against Elizabeth Smylie and Wendy Turnbull.


1989 Virginia Slims of Newport – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Newport – Singles
Lori McNeil was the defending champion but lost in the second round to Laura Gildemeister.


1989 Virginia Slims of Newport – Singles
Zina Garrison won in the final 6–0, 6–1 against Pam Shriver.


1989 Virginia Slims of Newport – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at The Greens Country Club in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma in the United States and was part of the Category 2 tier of the 1989 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the 4th edition of the tournament and ran from February 27 through March 5, 1989. Unseeded Manon Bollegraf won the singles title and earned $17,000 first-prize money.


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma, Finals, Doubles
Lori McNeil /  Betsy Nagelsen defeated  Elise Burgin /  Elizabeth Smylie by Walkover


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma – Doubles
Jana Novotná and Catherine Suire were the defending champions but only Suire competed that year with Raffaella Reggi.


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma – Doubles
Reggi and Suire lost in the semifinals to Elise Burgin and Elizabeth Smylie.


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma – Doubles
Lori McNeil and Betsy Nagelsen won the final on a walkover against Burgin and Smylie.


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma – Singles
Lori McNeil was the defending champion but lost in the second round to Betsy Nagelsen.


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma – Singles
Manon Bollegraf won in the final 6–4, 6–4 against Leila Meskhi.


1989 Virginia Slims of Oklahoma – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Washington
The 1989 Virginia Slims of Washington was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Patriot Center in Fairfax, Virginia in the United States and was part of the Category 5 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. The tournament ran from February 13 through February 19, 1989. First-seeded Steffi Graf won the singles title.


1989 Virginia Slims of Washington, Finals, Doubles
Betsy Nagelsen /  Pam Shriver defeated  Larisa Savchenko /  Natasha Zvereva 6–2, 6–3


1989 Virginia Slims of Washington – Doubles
Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver were the defending champions of the doubles title at the Virginia Slims of Washington tennis tournament but only Shriver competed that year with Betsy Nagelsen.


1989 Virginia Slims of Washington – Doubles
Nagelsen and Shriver won in the final 6–2, 6–3 against Larisa Savchenko and Natasha Zvereva.


1989 Virginia Slims of Washington – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Virginia Slims of Washington – Singles
Martina Navratilova was the defending champion of the singles title at the Virginia Slims of Washington tennis tournament but did not compete that year.


1989 Virginia Slims of Washington – Singles
Graf won in the final 6–1, 7–5 against Zina Garrison.


1989 Virginia Slims of Washington – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Virginia Tech Hokies football team
The 1989 Virginia Tech Hokies football team represented the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University during the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team's head coach was Frank Beamer.


1989 Virginia elections
In the November 1989 general election, the following offices were up for election in the United States Commonwealth of Virginia:


1989 Virginia gubernatorial election
The 1989 Virginia gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1989. Incumbent Democratic Governor Jerry Baliles was unable to seek a second term due to term limits. Democratic nominee and Lieutenant Governor L. Douglas Wilder went against former Attorney General of Virginia J. Marshall Coleman in one of the closest elections in Virginia history. Upon taking the oath of office in January 1990, Governor Wilder became the first African-American governor of Virginia, and the first African-American governor of any state since Reconstruction more than one hundred years earlier.


1989 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1989 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1989. Democratic nominee Don Beyer defeated Republican nominee Edwina P. Dalton with 54.14% of the vote.


1989 Vitosha New Otani Open
The 1989 Vitosha New Otani Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Sofia, Bulgaria that was part of the Category 1 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 31 July until 6 August 1989. Second-seeded Isabel Cueto won the singles title.


1989 Vitosha New Otani Open, Finals, Doubles
Laura Garrone /  Laura Golarsa defeated  Silke Meier /  Elena Pampoulova 6–4, 7–5


1989 Vitosha New Otani Open – Doubles
Conchita Martínez and Barbara Paulus were the defending champions but did not compete that year.


1989 Vitosha New Otani Open – Doubles
Laura Garrone and Laura Golarsa won in the final 6–4, 7–5 against Silke Meier and Elena Pampoulova.


1989 Vitosha New Otani Open – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Vitosha New Otani Open – Singles
Conchita Martínez was the defending champion but did not compete that year.


1989 Vitosha New Otani Open – Singles
Isabel Cueto won in the final 6–2, 7–6 against Katerina Maleeva.


1989 Vitosha New Otani Open – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Volta a Catalunya
The 1989 Volta a Catalunya was the 69th edition of the Volta a Catalunya cycle race and was held from 2 September to 8 September 1989. The race started in L'Hospitalet and finished in Platja d'Aro. The race was won by Marino Lejarreta of the Paternina team.


1989 Volvo International
The 1989 Volvo International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Stratton Mountain Resort in Stratton Mountain, Vermont, United States, and was part of the 1989 Nabisco Grand Prix. The tournament ran from July 31 through August 7, 1989. Brad Gilbert won the singles title.


1989 Volvo International, Finals, Doubles
Mark Kratzmann /  Wally Masur defeated  Pieter Aldrich /  Danie Visser 6–3, 4–6, 7–6


1989 Volvo International – Doubles
Jorge Lozano and Todd Witsken were the defending champions but did not compete that year.


1989 Volvo International – Doubles
Mark Kratzmann and Wally Masur won in the final 6–3, 4–6, 7–6 against Pieter Aldrich and Danie Visser.


1989 Volvo International – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Volvo International – Singles
Andre Agassi was the defending champion but lost in the third round to David Wheaton.


1989 Volvo International – Singles
Brad Gilbert won in the final 7–5, 6–0 against Jim Pugh.


1989 Volvo International – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Volvo Open
The 1989 Volvo Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Båstad, Sweden that was part of the 1989 Nabisco Grand Prix and of Tier V of the 1989 WTA Tour. The men's tournament was held from 31 July until 6 August 1989, while the women's tournament was held from 24 July until 30 July 1989.


1989 Volvo Open, Finals, Men's Doubles
Per Henricsson /  Nicklas Utgren defeated  Josef Čihák /  Karel Nováček 7–5, 6–2


1989 Volvo Open, Finals, Women's Doubles
Mercedes Paz /  Tine Scheuer-Larsen defeated  Sabrina Goleš /  Katerina Maleeva 6–2, 7–5


1989 Volvo Open – Men's Doubles
Patrick Baur and Udo Riglewski were the defending champions, but none competed this year.


1989 Volvo Open – Men's Doubles
Per Henricsson and Nicklas Utgren won the title by defeating Josef Čihák and Karel Nováček 7–5, 6–2 in the final.


1989 Volvo Open – Men's Singles
Marcelo Filippini was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Nicklas Kulti.


1989 Volvo Open – Men's Singles
Paolo Canè won the title by defeating Bruno Orešar 7–6(7–4), 7–6(7–5) in the final.


1989 Volvo Open – Women's Doubles
In the 1989 Volvo Open – Women's Doubles tennis tournament, Sandra Cecchini and Mercedes Paz were the defending champions but only Paz competed that year with Tine Scheuer-Larsen.


1989 Volvo Open – Women's Doubles
Paz and Scheuer-Larsen won in the final 6–2, 7–5 against Sabrina Goleš and Katerina Maleeva.


1989 Volvo Open – Women's Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1989 Volvo Open – Women's Singles
Isabel Cueto was the defending champion but lost in the quarterfinals to Maria Strandlund.


1989 Volvo Open – Women's Singles
Katerina Maleeva won in the final 6–1, 6–3 against Sabine Hack.


1989 Volvo Open – Women's Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1989 Volvo Tennis San Francisco
The 1989 Volvo Tennis San Francisco, also known as the Pacific Coast Championships, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Cow Palace in San Francisco, California in the United States. The event was part of the Super Series of the 1989 Nabisco Grand Prix circuit. It was the 99th edition of the tournament and was held from September 25 through October 1, 1989. Third-seeded Brad Gilbert won the singles title and earned $59,500 first-prize money.


1989 Volvo Tennis San Francisco, Finals, Doubles
Pieter Aldrich /  Danie Visser defeated  Paul Annacone /  Christo van Rensburg 6–4, 6–3


1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor
The 1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Racquet Club of Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee in the United States that was part of the 1989 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the 19th edition of the tournament was held from February 13 through February 19, 1989.


1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor, Finals, Doubles
Paul Annacone /  Christo van Rensburg defeated  Scott Davis /  Tim Wilkison 7–6, 6–7, 6–1


1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor – Doubles
Kevin Curren and David Pate were the defending champions but lost in the second round to Amos Mansdorf and Mikael Pernfors.


1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor – Doubles
Paul Annacone and Christo van Rensburg won in the final 7–6, 6–7, 6–1 against Scott Davis and Tim Wilkison.


1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor – Doubles, Seeds
All eight seeded teams received byes to the second round.


1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor – Singles
Andre Agassi was the defending champion but lost in the third round to Johan Kriek.


1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor – Singles
Brad Gilbert won in the final 6–2, 6–2 when Kriek was forced to retire.


1989 Volvo U.S. National Indoor – Singles, Seeds
All sixteen seeds received a bye to the second round.


1989 Vuelta a Andalucía
The 1989 Vuelta a Andalucía was the 35th edition of the Vuelta a Andalucía cycle race and was held on 7 February to 12 February 1989. The race started in Málaga and finished in Granada. The race was won by Fabio Bordonali.


1989 Vuelta a España
The 44th Edition Vuelta a España (Tour of Spain), a long-distance bicycle stage race and one of the 3 grand tours, was held from April 24 to May 15, 1989. It consisted of 22 stages covering a total of 3,656 km (2,272 mi), and was won by Pedro Delgado of the Reynolds cycling team. The route was released on January 21, 1989.


1989 Vuelta a España
Pedro Delgado had won the previous Tour de France and was seen as the favourite for the race. Delgado came with a Reynolds team that contained Miguel Indurain, who had just won Paris–Nice and was also seen as a potential favourite. The first few days of the race saw the leaders jersey change shoulders from Gino de Bakker, Benny van Brabant and Roland LeClercq. The Colombian Omar Hernández took the lead on the sixth stage. On the 12th stage to Cerler, Delgado battled with four Colombians and won the stage.


1989 Vuelta a España
He won the stage 15 time trial, where Colombian Martin Farfan took the leader's jersey. On the following stage to Santander, Delgado took the jersey. However Delgado's team had a bad day several stages later, when Indurain fell and broke his wrist; Delgado had difficulty keeping the jersey from Fabio Parra. Parra was only two seconds behind Delgado on the general classification at one stage. The final time trial was the last chance for Parra to try to take the jersey from Delgado, but Delgado won and increased his lead to win his third grand tour.


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11
The 1989 Vuelta a España was the 44th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in A Coruña, with a stage on 24 April, and Stage 11 occurred on 4 May with a stage to Lleida. The race finished in Madrid on 15 May.


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 1
24 April 1989 — A Coruña to A Coruña, 20.1 km (12.5 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 2
25 April 1989 — A Coruña to Santiago de Compostela, 209.2 km (130.0 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 3a
26 April 1989 — Vigo to Vigo, 34.4 km (21.4 mi) (TTT)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 3b
26 April 1989 — Vigo to Ourense, 101 km (63 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 4
27 April 1989 — Ourense to Pontevedra, 160.5 km (99.7 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 5
28 April 1989 — La Bañeza to Béjar, 247 km (153 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 6
29 April 1989 — Béjar to Ávila, 197.5 km (122.7 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 7
30 April 1989 — Ávila to Toledo, 160 km (99 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 8
1 May 1989 — Toledo to Albacete, 235.5 km (146.3 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 9
2 May 1989 — Albacete to Gandia, 228.1 km (141.7 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 10
3 May 1989 — Gandia to Benicàssim, 202.6 km (125.9 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11, Stage 11
4 May 1989 — Vinaròs to Lleida, 179.8 km (111.7 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22
The 1989 Vuelta a España was the 44th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in A Coruña, with a stage on 24 April 1989, and Stage 12 from Lleida occurred on 5 May 1989. The race finished in Madrid on 15 May 1989.


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 12
5 May 1989 — Lleida to Cerler, 186.5 km (115.9 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 13
6 May 1989 — Benasque to Jaca, 160.8 km (99.9 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 14
7 May 1989 — Jaca to Zaragoza, 165.3 km (102.7 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 15
8 May 1989 — Ezcaray to Valdezcaray, 24 km (15 mi) (ITT)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 16
9 May 1989 — Haro to Santoña, 193.6 km (120.3 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 17
10 May 1989 — Santoña to Lakes of Enol, 228 km (142 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 18
11 May 1989 — Cangas de Onís to Brañillín, 153.2 km (95.2 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 19
12 May 1989 — León to Valladolid, 159.4 km (99.0 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 20
13 May 1989 — Valladolid to Medina del Campo (Destilerías DYC), 47.5 km (29.5 mi) (ITT)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 21
14 May 1989 — Collado Villalba to Palazuelos de Eresma (Destillerias DYC), 188.6 km (117.2 mi)


1989 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 22
15 May 1989 — Palazuelos de Eresma (Destillerias DYC) to Madrid, 177 km (110 mi)


1989 Vuelta a Murcia
The 1989 Vuelta a Murcia was the fifth edition of the Vuelta a Murcia cycle race and was held on 7 March to 12 March 1989. The race started in Mazarrón and finished in Murcia. The race was won by Marino Alonso.


1989 WAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1989 Western Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 8–11 at the Jon M. Huntsman Center at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah.


1989 WAC Men's Basketball Tournament
UTEP defeated top-seeded Colorado State in the championship game, 73–60, to clinch their third WAC men's tournament championship


1989 WAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The Miners, in turn, received an automatic bid to the 1989 NCAA Tournament. They were joined in the tournament by regular season champions Colorado State, who earned an at-large bid.


1989 WAC Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
The tournament field remained fixed at nine teams, and teams were again seeded based on regular season conference records. All teams were entered into the quarterfinal round with the exception of the two lowest-seeded teams, who played in the preliminary first round to determine who would then play against the tournament's top seed.


1989 WAFL season
The 1989 WAFL season was the 105th season of senior football in Perth. It saw Claremont continue its dominance of the competition with a third successive minor premiership under Gerard Neesham, despite having lost most of their top players of previous seasons to the VFL, and their 1988 conquerors Subiaco fall to third last with a mere six wins – their worst performance since the dark days of 1983 when the club had not played in the finals for nine years and had been wooden spooners four times in eight seasons. Coach Bunton had to promote many young players and knew 1989 was to be a year of rebuilding, though only a second (and last as of 2014) Colts premiership under Eddie Pitter showed Subiaco did possess much resilience.


1989 WAFL season
Perth, who in 1988 had had their best record since 1978 and returned to Lathlain Park after the experiment of playing at their pre-1959 home of the WACA Ground was regarded as a financial failure, were also severely disappointing.


1989 WAFL season
Swan Districts, who in 1988 had become the first club to suffer the ignominy of being last in all three grades, rebounded so well despite the absence of Narkle that after thirteen rounds they were certainties for the four before a run of wins by West Perth coincided with a Swan slump and allowed the Falcons to reach the finals for only the third time in eleven seasons.


1989 WAFL season
The season saw two experimental matches played in outer suburbs so that the WAFL could assess the possibility of relocating financially crippled Perth and West Perth to the Perth Hills and the growing northwestern corridor respectively. The former move never occurred due to dissent within the committee, the latter did however five years subsequently.


1989 WAFL season
Another first was the semi-finals double-header that was to become standard in the league during the 1990s, instigated due to the only senior finals tie since the 1938 Grand Final and the refusal of Claremont and South Fremantle to accept two weekends without a match. Although a game on Saturday and one on Sunday was proposed, the first semi-final replay was ultimately played before the second semi on the Saturday. There were also suggestions for the first time of the WAFL expanding beyond Perth to such rural centres as Bunbury and Geraldton and that established Perth clubs merge in order to adapt to the new realities of a national VFL/AFL competition.


1989 WAFL season
A more pressing issue was the off-field debate between Indian Pacific (the holders of the Eagles’ VFL licence) and the WAFL over the running of football in Western Australia, with Indian Pacific demanding an independent West Australian Football Commission rather than one controlled by the WAFL which was felt to be depressing standards.


1989 WAFL season
The dispute after the VFL allowed the Eagles to field a reserves team in exchange for a larger list continued: the VFL wanted the Eagles’ reserves playing in the VFL/AFL reserve grade competition, but that was unacceptable to the WAFC due to the cost of moving extra players to Melbourne, whilst the WAFC's preferred option of an Eagle reserves team in the WAFL was not acceptable to WAFL club executives as it would upset the tried-and-proved WAFL structure.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 1
The return in the reserves of injury-plagued Andrew Macnish proves the sole highlight for Subiaco in the Grand Final replay – the Lions’ league team minus Breman and Georgiades has absolutely no target in attack.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 5
In a fine match watched by a figure claimed to be as high as six thousand, Claremont overcome an 8.5 (53) first quarter with four goals to Craig Edwards as Neesham’s brain and skill – compensating for his lack of size and speed – controls a torrid game thereafter.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 11
Despite losing skipper Menaglio, Mifka, relegated Eagle Turley, plus full-forward Gavin Howlett kicking 3.9 (27) from mainly easy shots, West Perth via direct, efficient play appear a chance for the four despite their loss to the Royals the week previously.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 12
A noisy members’ stand inspires South Fremantle to a fine victory over pacesetters Claremont, as Craig Edwards, already favorite for the Sandover, is a colossus with eighteen kicks and 27 ruck knocks.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 13
After shaving his head to convince selectors to give him more games, Swan Districts rover Peter Hodyl looks a new player as he and his fellow rovers dominate the packs during a vital third quarter when Swans score 6.2 (38) to 3.5 (23). The win leaves Swans three games clear in the four and has WAFL official worried about potentially declining attendances.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 15
The on-ball combination of Mark Watson and Willie Dick suggests the four may not be sealed as the pair demolish Swan Districts and atone for several previous costly Demon lapses.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 16
West Perth are the first WA(N)FL team goalless at half-time since Swan Districts against South Fremantle in Round 15 of 1976. Their only three goals are during the first few minutes of the third quarter, and it is West Perth’s lowest score since 1950 and only the second time since 1928 they have scored just three goals in a match.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 18
Despite playing some of their best football during 1989, Swan Districts move into a precarious position via a loss to a powerful, systematic East Fremantle team – led brilliantly by Brian Peake in the centre.


1989 WAFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 20
Despite being the victim of a severe bump that was expected to keep him off the field, ex-St. Kilda wingman Jon Riggs recovers to lead West Perth to a critical win that leaves them 3.83 percent behind Swan Districts in fourth – and with a much easier last-round match.


1989 WAFL season, Finals, Semi-finals
In his three hundredth WA(N)FL game, Brian Peake goaled from 40 metres out to produce the first senior WA(N)FL finals draw since the 1938 Grand Final. As of 2014, it is East Fremantle’s only draw since 1974.


1989 WAFL season, Finals, Semi-finals
With the motivation of winning for former champion coach Clive Lewington who was dying of cancer, South Fremantle get away in the final ten minutes with three remarkable goals from Peter Matera


1989 WAFL season, Finals, Preliminary final
Despite ridiculously taking to a criss-cross short-passing style after kicking the first nine goals, 31-possession Neesham and Rowland hold off East Fremantle after the Sharks kick five straight at the beginning of the final quarter to be only twelve points behind.


1989 WAFL season, Finals, Grand Final
In a game expected to be close, Claremont record a crushing win via a superb defence and brilliant tagging. South Fremantle kick the lowest open-age WA(N)FL Grand Final score since 1934, with all their goals coming between the 28-minute mark of the second quarter and midway through the third. Neesham, who was superb in the packs, Peter Thorne and Warren Ralph retired as players after the game.


1989 WAFL season, Notes
The only other clubs to finish last in all three grades since 1957 have been Peel Thunder in their inaugural 1997 season and West Perth in 1992. No club has won premierships in all three grades in this time span. As with the AFL, WAFL/Westar semi- and preliminary finals have since 1991 been required to play extra time if drawn at full-time, though this has never actually occurred. At the Albany match the attendance figure did not include children under fifteen years of age who were admitted free of charge. At that time, Bill was president of the Swan Districts Football Club, a position he held from 1983 to 1994


1989 WAFU Club Championship
The 1989 WAFU Club Championship was the thirteenth football club tournament season that took place for the runners-up of each West African country's domestic league, the West African Club Championship. It was won by Nigeria's Ranchers Bees after defeating ASEC Abidjan under the away goals rule with a total of 4-3 goals in two matches. A total of 37 goals were scored, second time in a row, fewer than last season. Originally a 28 match season, neither clubs from the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania nor Togo participated. Invincible Eleven directly headed to the semis, later Ranchers Bees directly headed to the finals.


1989 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament
The 1989 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 30th conference playoff in league history and 37th season where a WCHA champion was crowned. The tournament was played between February 24 and March 6, 1989. First round games were played at home team campus sites while all 'Final Four' matches were held at the Civic Center in St. Paul, Minnesota. By winning the tournament, Northern Michigan was awarded the Broadmoor Trophy and received the WCHA's automatic bid to the 1989 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.


1989 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Format
The first round of the postseason tournament featured a best-of-three games format. Teams were seeded No. 1 through No. 8 according to their final conference standing, with a tiebreaker system used to seed teams with an identical number of points accumulated. The top four seeded teams each earned home ice and hosted one of the lower seeded teams.


1989 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Format
The winners of the first round series advanced to the semifinal and championship rounds held at the Civic Center. All Final Four games used a single-elimination format. Teams were re-seeded No. 1 through No. 4 according to the final regular season conference standings, with the top remaining seed matched against lowest remaining seed in one semifinal game while the two other semifinalists meeting with the winners advancing to the championship game and the losers competing in a Third Place contest. The Tournament Champion received an automatic bid to the 1989 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.


1989 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, Format, Conference Standings
Note: GP = Games Played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; PTS = Points; GF = Goals For; GA = Goals Against


1989 WCT Finals
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by BHGbot (talk | contribs) at 17:19, 19 June 2020 (WP:BHGbot 6 (List 5): eponymous category first, per MOS:CATORDER; WP:GENFIXES). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1989 WCT Finals
The 1989 WCT Finals was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 19th and last edition of the WCT Finals and was part of the 1989 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was played at the Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas in the United States from February 28 through March 6, 1989.


1989 WNBL season
The 1989 WNBL season was the ninth season of competition since its establishment in 1981. A total of 13 teams contested the league to start the season, but the Perth Breakers withdrew midseason.


1989 WTA Tier I Series
The table below shows the 1989 WTA Tier I Series schedule.


1989 WTA Tour
The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The 1989 WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Category 1-5 events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.


1989 WTA Tour, Rankings
Below are the 1989 WTA year-end rankings (November 26, 1989) in both singles and doubles competition:


1989 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team
The 1989 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team was an American football team that represented Wake Forest University during the 1989 college football season. In their third season under head coach Bill Dooley, the Demon Deacons compiled a 2–8–1 record and finished in seventh place in the Atlantic Coast Conference.


1989 Walker Cup
The 1989 Walker Cup, the 32nd Walker Cup Match, was played on August 16 and 17, 1989, at Peachtree Golf Club, Atlanta, Georgia. The event was won by the Great Britain and Ireland team, 12½ to 11½. It was the Great Britain and Ireland team's third win in the Walker Cup and their first in the United States. Of the previous 31 matches, the United States had won 28, lost 2 and had tied once, at Baltimore Country Club in 1965.


1989 Walker Cup
Great Britain and Ireland had taken an 11–5 lead after the second-day foursomes, needing just 1½ points from the 8 afternoon singles matches. However, the United States staged a recovery and won 5 and halved 2 of the first 7 matches. That meant that if Jay Sigel beat Jim Milligan in the final match, the result would be a tie and the United States would retain the Cup as defending holders. Sigel was 3-up after 11 holes and still 2-up after 15. Milligan won the 16th hole after pitching close and then won the 17th after chipping in, leveling the match. Both players took bogey 5s at the final hole to leave the match halved and to give Great Britain and Ireland a 12½–11½ victory.


1989 Walker Cup, Format
The format for play on Wednesday and Thursday was the same. There were four matches of foursomes in the morning and eight singles matches in the afternoon. In all, 24 matches were played.


1989 Walker Cup, Format
Each of the 24 matches was worth one point in the larger team competition. If a match was all square after the 18th hole extra holes were not played. Rather, each side earned ½ a point toward their team total. The team that accumulated at least 12½ points won the competition. If the two teams were tied, the previous winner would retain the trophy.


1989 Walker Cup, Teams
Ten players for the United States and Great Britain & Ireland participated in the event plus one non-playing captain for each team.


1989 Walker Cup, Teams, United States
Allen Doyle was selected for the team but withdrew because of injury and was replaced by Greg Lesher.


1989 Wanguri by-election
A by-election for the seat of Wanguri in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly was held on 19 August 1989. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Country Liberal Party (CLP) Cabinet Minister Don Dale. The seat had been held by Dale since its creation in 1983.


1989 Washington Huskies football team
The 1989 Washington Huskies football team was an American football team that represented the University of Washington during the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season. In its fifteenth season under head coach Don James, the team compiled an 8–4 record, finished in a three-way tie for second place in the Pacific-10 Conference, and outscored its opponents 332 to 225. Bern Brostek was selected as the team's most valuable player. Dennis Brown, Cary Conklin, Martin Harrison, and Andre Riley were the team captains.


1989 Washington Huskies football team
Washington opened with two wins, lost three straight, then won five of six to complete the regular season at 7–4.


1989 Washington Huskies football team
After missing bowl season the previous year, the Huskies traveled south to Anaheim Stadium and defeated Florida 34–7 in the Freedom Bowl. They led 27–7 at halftime and held All-American running back Emmitt Smith, a future hall of famer, to just 17 yards on seven carries in his final college game. The Huskies climbed up to #23 in the final AP poll.


1989 Washington Redskins season
The 1989 Washington Redskins season was the franchise's 58th season in the National Football League (NFL) and their 53rd in Washington, D.C. They improved on their 7–9 record from 1988 to 10-6 in 1989, finishing third in the NFC East. However, they failed to qualify for the playoffs for a second consecutive season.


1989 Washington Redskins season, Regular season
In a week 14 victory against the San Diego Chargers, Joe Gibbs achieved career victory no. 100


1989 Washington State Cougars football team
The 1989 Washington State Cougars football team was an American football team that represented Washington State University in the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) during the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their first season under head coach Mike Price, the Cougars compiled a 6–5 record (3–5 in Pac-10, tied for seventh), and outscored their opponents 351 to 268.


1989 Washington State Cougars football team
The team's statistical leaders included Aaron Garcia with 2,741 passing yards, Steve Broussard with 1,237 rushing yards, and Tim Stallworth with 548 receiving yards. The Cougars won their first four games, then were 6–1 and ranked fifteenth in the AP poll, but lost their final four games.


1989 Washington State Cougars football team
Following the departure of head coach Dennis Erickson for Miami in early March, Price was hired a week later; a former Cougar player and assistant, he was previously the head coach for eight years in the Big Sky Conference at Weber State in Ogden, Utah.


1989 Wellington City mayoral election
The 1989 Wellington City mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1989, elections were held for the Mayor of Wellington plus other local government positions including twenty-one city councillors. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.


1989 Wellington City mayoral election, Background
The 1989 local elections were the first following a major overhaul of local government in New Zealand. The existing Wellington City Council remained in place but greatly expanded, absorbing several of the neighboring authorities including the Tawa Borough Council and land on the waterfront formerly in the possession of the Wellington Harbour Board.


1989 Wellington City mayoral election, Background
The race for the mayoralty was bitterly fought with both sides of local politics in Wellington fighting internal divisions as well as each other. Mayor Jim Belich stood for a second term opposed by his former deputy Helene Ritchie who had left Labour after she was removed as deputy-mayor the previous year. The Citizens' Association also had rival candidates running against each other with Rex Nicholls running as the officially endorsed candidate with former Citizens' leader on the council David Bull and ex-councillor Roger Ridley-Smith running as an independent candidates after losing the nomination to Nicholls. As such, the race was characterised by vote splitting and provided a very closely spread result.


1989 Wellington City mayoral election, Background
The council vote was likewise indecisive with no one group having control of the council. The Labour Party had lost its majority from three years earlier with the Citizens' Association winning a plurality and becoming the largest group on the council. 1989 also saw the emergence of the Green Party which won a seat on the council, the first third party to do so since 1977. Stephen Rainbow won a seat in the Lambton Ward and became the country's first ever Green councillor.


1989 Wellington City mayoral election, Mayoralty results, Results by ward
Rex Nicholls polled the highest in three of the seven of Wellington's electoral wards while Jim Belich and Helene Ritchie each polled the highest in two.


1989 Wellington City mayoral election, Ward results
Candidates were also elected from wards to the Wellington City Council.


1989 Wellington local elections
The 1989 Wellington local elections were part of the 1989 New Zealand local elections, to elect members to sub-national councils and boards. The Wellington elections cover one regional council (the Greater Wellington Regional Council), eight territorial authority (city and district) councils, three district health boards, and various local boards and licensing trusts. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington City Council
The Wellington City Council consists of a mayor and twenty-one councillors elected from seven wards (Eastern, Lambton, Northern, Onslow, Southern, Tawa, Western).


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington City Council, Eastern Ward
The Eastern Ward returns four councillors to the Wellington City Council. The final results for the ward were:


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington City Council, Lambton Ward
The Lambton Ward returns three councillors to the Wellington City Council. The final results for the ward were:


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington City Council, Northern Ward
The Northern Ward returns three councillors to the Wellington City Council. The final results for the ward were:


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington City Council, Onslow Ward
The Onslow Ward returns two councillors to the Wellington City Council. The final results for the ward were:


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington City Council, Southern Ward
The Southern Ward returns four councillors to the Wellington City Council. The final results for the ward were:


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington City Council, Tawa Ward
The Tawa Ward returns two councillors to the Wellington City Council. The final results for the ward were:


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington City Council, Western Ward
The Western Ward returns three councillors to the Wellington City Council. The final results for the ward were:


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington Regional Council, North Ward
The North Ward returns three councillors to the Wellington Regional Council.


1989 Wellington local elections, Wellington Regional Council, South Ward
The South Ward returns four councillors to the Wellington Regional Council.


1989 Welsh Professional Championship
The 1989 Senator Windows Welsh Professional Championship was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament, which took place in January 1989.


1989 Welsh Professional Championship
Doug Mountjoy won the tournament defeating Terry Griffiths 9–6 in the final.


1989 West Coast Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1989 West Coast Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 4–6 at War Memorial Gymnasium on the campus of the University of San Francisco in San Francisco, California. This was the third edition of the tournament and the last as the WCAC; the conference name was shortened to "West Coast Conference" (WCC) that summer.


1989 West Coast Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The fourth-seed and host Dons lost in the quarterfinals and the top two seeds were defeated in the semifinals. Third-seeded Loyola Marymount defeated #5 seed Santa Clara 75–70 (in overtime) in the title game to repeat as WCAC tournament champions.


1989 West Coast Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The Lions earned the automatic bid to the 64-team NCAA Tournament and were seeded twelfth in the Midwest regional. Regular-season champion Saint Mary's received an at-large bid and were the eighth seed in the West regional; both WCAC teams lost in the first round.


1989 West Coast Eagles season
The 1989 season was the West Coast Eagles' 3rd season in the Victorian Football League (VFL). The Eagles finished 11th out of 14 teams, the poorest performance of the club's three seasons to date.


1989 West Coast Eagles season, Pre-season, Trades
West Coast traded Alex Ishchenko and Mark Zanotti to the Brisbane Bears for selections 2 and 44 in the 1988 VFL Draft.


1989 West Coast Eagles season, Pre-season, Panasonic Cup
The 1989 Panasonic Cup was played in a knock-out format. Matches were played during the months of February and March, before the regular season started. All matches were held at Waverley Park, in Mulgrave, Victoria. West Coast progressed to the semi-finals of the competition before being eliminated by Melbourne, who went on to win the tournament.


1989 West Coast Eagles season, Regular season
Home team's score listed in boldBest on ground refers to the player who was awarded three votes in the Brownlow Medal


1989 West German presidential election
An indirect presidential election (officially the 9th Federal Convention) was held in West Germany on 23 May 1989. The only candidate was incumbent President Richard von Weizsäcker, who had the support of all four major parties (CDU/CSU, SPD, FDP, and The Greens). It is so far the only time that a presidential candidate ran unopposed. It was also the last presidential election held before German reunification.


1989 West German presidential election, Composition of the Federal Convention
The President is elected by the Federal Convention consisting of all the members of the Bundestag and an equal number of delegates representing the states. These are divided proportionally by population to each state, and each state's delegation is divided among the political parties represented in its parliament so as to reflect the partisan proportions in the parliament.


1989 West German presidential election, Composition of the Federal Convention
Source: Eine Dokumentation aus Anlass der Wahl des Bundespräsidenten am 18. März 2012


1989 West Papua earthquake
The 1989 West Papua earthquake struck Papua, Indonesia – then Irian Jaya province – on August 1 with a moment magnitude of 6.0 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). Around 120 people were killed, mainly due to landslides and mudslides.


1989 West Papua earthquake, Details and relief
The West Papua earthquake struck at 9:17 local time and measured Ms 5.7 and 6.0 on the moment magnitude scale. Its epicenter was located 299 km (186 mi) south of Jayapura; the earthquake reached as far as Wamena. There were multiple aftershocks.


1989 West Papua earthquake, Details and relief
The earthquake killed 120 people and left 120 injured; all of the dead were recovered from the villages of Holuon, Pasema, and Soba. Many of these deaths and injuries derived from landslides that covered two villages and disrupted sections of the Baliem River, practically flooding three villages and depositing tons of mud. One of these landslides was 200 m (660 ft) tall; there were eleven in total. A large portion of the dead consisted of Dhani tribesmen.