1991 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
Less than six minutes into the game, Gary Steele scored from ten yards out for the Cavaliers to give them an early lead, though the kick was blocked. After the Vols punted the ball away, Jake McInerney added on to the lead with a field goal to make it 9–0.


1991 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
The Volunteers tried to strike back on their next drive, but quarterback Andy Kelly's pass was intercepted by Tyrone Lewis and the Cavaliers went to work once again, driving eighty  yards in seven minutes, concluding with a Terry Kirby touchdown run that gave Virginia (who had forced three turnovers and had the ball for over 22 minutes) a 16–0 lead at halftime.


1991 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
The second half started off small for Tennessee, with Greg Burke's 27-yard field goal to get on the scoreboard. The rest of the quarter was scoreless, but the fourth quarter saw 26 combined points, starting with a Virginia turnover that led to a Tennessee touchdown 94 yards later on a Tony Thompson run. McInerney added in his second field goal of the game extend the lead to 19–10. Kelly's touchdown pass to Carl Pickens closed it to 19–17. Virginia could only muster up another McInerney field goal, a five-point lead with 2:31 left.


1991 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
Kelly led the Vols down the field, driving 79 yards in two minutes, completing seven of nine passes for 64 yards. It ended with a one-yard Thompson touchdown run that gave Tennessee its first lead with 31 seconds remaining, although the two-point conversion pass attempt failed. Kelly went 24 for 35 with 273 yards, two interceptions, but one touchdown, and was named the game's MVP.


1991 Sugar Bowl, Aftermath
Both teams climbed in the final AP poll; Tennessee went from tenth to eighth, and Virginia from unranked to 23rd.


1991 Sugar Bowl, Aftermath
Through 2020, neither team has returned to the Sugar Bowl.


1991 Sugo 500km
The Sugo Inter 500 km, was the fifth round of both the 1991 All Japan Sports Prototype Championship and the 1991 Long Distance Series, held at the Sugo on 15 September, in front of a crowd of approximately 45,000.


1991 Sugo 500km, Report, Entry
A total of 14 cars were entered for the event, in two classes, one for cars running to Group C1 specification and the other to IMSA GTP regulations.


1991 Sugo 500km, Report, Qualifying
The Nisseki Racing Team of George Fouché and Steven Andskär took pole position, in their Porsche 962GTi ahead of the Toyota Team SARD’s Toyota 91C-V of Roland Ratzenberger and Pierre-Henri Raphanel, by only 0.047secs.


1991 Sugo 500km, Report, Race
The race was held over 135 laps of the Sportsland Sugo circuit, a distance of 500 km (actual distance was 500.075 km). Eje Elgh and Geoff Lees took the winner spoils for the Toyota Team Tom’s, driving their Toyota 91C-V. The European duo won in a time of 2hr 57:30.838mins., averaging a speed of 105.641 mph. Second place went to Akihiko Nakaya and Volker Weidler in the From A Racing’s Nissan R91CK who finished about 6.5 seconds adrift. Also on the lead lap, in third place was the Nissan Motorsport of Anders Olofsson and Masahiro Hasemi.


1991 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup
The 1991 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup was the fourth edition of field hockey tournament the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup.


1991 Summer Universiade
The 1991 Summer Universiade, also known as the XVI Summer Universiade, took place in Sheffield, England. In the host country it was generally referred to as the World Student Games.


1991 Summer Universiade
Sheffield City Council saw the event as a catalyst for urban renewal and regeneration after industrial decline. It set up a company, Universiade GB Ltd, to run the games.


1991 Summer Universiade
New facilities built for the event included the centrepiece Don Valley Stadium and other arenas, while the Lyceum Theatre was renovated for the associated cultural events. Lack of central government funding and television sponsorship meant the event was in doubt until the Council guaranteed the money itself, in the face of complaints from local ratepayers. The city took out loans for construction costs that have been repeatedly refinanced and are not expected to be paid off until 2024.


1991 Summer Universiade
The opening ceremony included a performance honouring Sheffield's industrial heritage, with participants wearing flat caps and waistcoats and carrying hammers. Steve Backley carried the flag for the Great Britain team. Helen Sharman, Britain's first astronaut, attracted publicity when she tripped and dropped the games torch, extinguishing it; the flames were lit by the ignitor in the flame bowl itself.


1991 Summer Universiade, Venues, University Village
Hyde Park flats near Sheffield City Centre were used for accommodation for the athletes during the games.


1991 Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1991 Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 2–4 at the Mobile Civic Center in Mobile, Alabama.


1991 Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
Top-seeded hosts South Alabama defeated Old Dominion in the championship game, 86–81, to win their second Sun Belt men's basketball tournament. It was the Jaguars' second Sun Belt title in three years.


1991 Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
South Alabama, in turn, received an automatic bid to the 1991 NCAA Tournament. No other Sun Belt members joined them in the tournament.


1991 Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
There were no changes to the existing tournament format. All eight conference members were placed into the initial quarterfinal round and each team was seeded based on its regular season conference record.


1991 Sunbelt Independent Soccer League
The 1991 Sunbelt Independent Soccer League was an American soccer season run by the Sunbelt Independent Soccer League.


1991 Sunbelt Independent Soccer League, Playoffs
The Memphis Rogues won their first round series against the Atlanta Quicksilver. Having the best record in the league, the Rogues expected to play New Mexico Chiles in Memphis, but league commissioner Francisco Marcos moved the series to Albuquerque, New Mexico based on the higher number of spectators at Chiles games. When the Rogues withdrew from the playoffs in protest, Marcos shuffled the teams in the semifinal round. He replaced the Rogues with the El Paso Patriots which had the best record among the teams eliminated in the first round.


1991 Super Bowl of Poker
The Super Bowl of Poker (also known as Amarillo Slim's Super Bowl of Poker or SBOP) was the second most prestigious poker tournament in the world during the 1980s. While the World Series of Poker was already drawing larger crowds as more and more amateurs sought it out, the SBOP "was an affair limited almost exclusively to pros and hard-core amateurs."


1991 Super Bowl of Poker
The 1991 Tournament was the last SBOP. After Caesar's Casino in Las Vegas closed its poker room, Amarillo Slim had to find a new location for the event and the best deal that he could find forced participants to drive two hours. This resulted in the smallest SBOP fields ever; the Main Event only had 12 participants. Because of the small size of the field, fewer people were paid than in previous tournaments and the prestige of winning the events suffered a setback that doomed the SBOP and made 1991 the last year for the tournament.


1991 Super Bowl of Poker
The winners of the tournament, however, continued to represent some of the biggest names in poker. Barbara Enright, the only woman in the Poker Hall of Fame, won the ladies event. Jack Keller, another Hall of Famer, won two events, the  $1,000 Pot Limit Omaha and the $10,000 Main Event. Having won the event in 1984, this was his second time to have won the $10,000 Main Event.


1991 Super Bowl of Poker
Prior to SBOP, the only high dollar tournament a person could enter was the WSOP. "The World Series of Poker was so successful that everybody wanted more than one tournament," Amarillo Slim said. Slim called upon his connections and friendships with poker's elite to start a new tournament in the February 1979. Before the SBOP had developed a reputation of its own, many of the most respected names in poker attended the tournament "more to support Slim and take advantage of the very fat cash games the event would obviously inspire." Slim modelled his SBOP after the WSOP with several events and a $10,000 Texas Hold'em Main Event.


1991 Super Bowl of Poker
One of the principal differences between the WSOP and the SBOP was the prize structure. The WSOP's prize structure was flat, ensuring more people received smaller pieces of the prize pool. The SBOP typically used a 60-30-10 payout structure. In other words, only the first three places received money and generally in the ratio of 60% to first place, 30% to second place, and 10% to third. This payment schedule dominated in the SBOP for the first 5 years of the event, but as the event grew the number of payouts increased while keeping the payout schedule top heavy.


1991 Superbike World Championship
The 1991 Superbike World Championship was the fourth FIM Superbike World Championship season. The season started on 1 April at Donington Park and finished on 19 October at Phillip Island after 13 rounds.


1991 Superbike World Championship
Doug Polen won the riders' championship with 17 victories and Ducati won the manufacturers' championship.


1991 Superbike World Championship
The third round of the championship at Mosport was boycotted by the regular riders on safety grounds.


1991 Supercopa Libertadores
The 1991 Supercopa Libertadores was the fourth season of the Supercopa Libertadores, a club football tournament for past Copa Libertadores winners. The tournament was won by Cruzeiro, who beat River Plate 3–2 on aggregate in the final.


1991 Supercopa Libertadores
As the new reigning Copa Libertadores champions, Chilean side Colo-Colo were admitted into the competition.


1991 Supercopa Libertadores
Former Copa Libertadores winners Atlético Nacional did not take part.


1991 Supercopa Libertadores, Qualified teams
Up until the middle of 1991, 15 teams had won the Copa Libertadores at least once since its inaugural season in 1960; however, only 14 teams participated as Atlético Nacional declined to play in the tournament.


1991 Supercopa Libertadores, First round
Teams from the same nation could not be drawn against one another. Olimpia, as the title holders, entered the competition at the quarterfinal stage. Independiente also advanced to that same stage after the initial draw.


1991 Supercopa Libertadores Finals
The 1991 Supercopa Libertadores Finals were the finals of the fourth edition of the Supercopa Libertadores football tournament. It was contested by Argentine club River Plate and Brazilian side Cruzeiro, which played their second Supercopa final.


1991 Supercopa Libertadores Finals
The first leg of the tie was played at Estadio Monumental in Buenos Aires, River Plate won 2–0. In the second leg, held in Mineirão in Belo Horizonte, Cruzeiro won 3–0. As both teams equaled on points, Cruzeiro won the series 3–2 on aggregate, thus achieving their first Supercopa trophy.


1991 Supercopa de España
The 1991 Supercopa de España was two-leg Spanish football matches played on 28 October and 11 November 1991. It contested by Atlético Madrid, who were Spanish Cup winners in 1990–91, and Barcelona, who won the 1990–91 Spanish League. Barca won 2–1 on aggregate.


1991 Supercoppa Italiana
The 1991 Supercoppa Italiana was a match contested by 1990–91 Serie A winners Sampdoria and 1990–91 Coppa Italia winners Roma.


1991 Supercoppa Italiana
The match took place on 24 August 1991 in Marassi, Genoa and resulted in a 1–0 victory for Sampdoria.


1991 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira
The 1991 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 13th edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, the annual Portuguese football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The 1991 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was contested over two legs, and opposed Benfica and Porto of the Primeira Liga. Benfica qualified for the SuperCup by winning the 1990–91 Primeira Divisão, whilst Porto qualified for the Supertaça by winning the 1990–91 Taça de Portugal.


1991 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira
The first leg which took place at the Estádio da Luz, saw Benfica defeat Porto 2–1 as a result of a late William goal. The second leg which took place at the Estádio das Antas saw Porto defeat Benfica 1–0 (2–2 on aggregate), which led to the Supertaça being replayed in September 1992. The replay which took place at Estádio Municipal de Coimbra, saw Porto defeat Benfica 4–3 on penalties which would claim Porto a sixth Supertaça.


1991 Surinamese general election
General elections were held in Suriname on 25 May 1991. The result was a victory for the New Front for Democracy and Development (an alliance of the National Party of Suriname, the Progressive Reform Party, the Party for National Unity and Solidarity and the Surinamese Labour Party), which won 30 of the 51 seats. Voter turnout was 64.3%.


1991 Surinamese general election, Results
1 Democratic Alternative '91 received seven of the seats and Pendawa Lima two.


1991 Suzuka 1000km
The 1991 Suzuka 1000 km was the fourth round of the 1991 All Japan Sports Prototype Car Endurance Championship season and the 20th running of the 1000 km Suzuka. It took place at Suzuka Circuit, Japan on August 25, 1991.


1991 Swedish Golf Tour
The 1991 Swedish Golf Tour was the eight season of the Swedish Golf Tour, a series of professional golf tournaments held in Sweden, Denmark and Finland.


1991 Swedish Golf Tour
All the tournaments also featured on the 1991 Challenge Tour.


1991 Swedish Golf Tour, Schedule
The season consisted of 14 events played between May and September.


1991 Swedish Golf Tour (women)
The 1991 Swedish Golf Tour, known as the Lancôme Tour for sponsorship reasons, was the sixth season of the Swedish Golf Tour, a series of professional golf tournaments for women held in Sweden.


1991 Swedish Golf Tour (women)
No single player won more than one title this season, while Marie Wennersten-From won her second Order of Merit following one victory and four runner-up finishes.


1991 Swedish Golf Tour (women), Schedule
The season consisted of 10 tournaments played between May and August, where one event was included on the 1991 Ladies European Tour.


1991 Swedish Open
The 1991 Swedish Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Båstad, Sweden that was part of the World Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. It was the 44th edition of the tournament and was held from 8 July until 14 July 1991. Second-seeded Magnus Gustafsson won the singles title.


1991 Swedish Open, Finals, Doubles
Ronnie Båthman /  Rikard Bergh defeated  Magnus Gustafsson /  Anders Järryd, 6–4, 6–4


1991 Swedish football Division 2
Statistics of Swedish football Division 2 for the 1991 season.


1991 Swedish general election
General elections were held in Sweden on 15 September 1991. The Swedish Social Democratic Party remained the largest party in the Riksdag, winning 138 of the 349 seats. However, it was the party's worst showing since 1928 with 37.7% of the vote.


1991 Swedish general election
The election was notable due to the rise of a new right-wing populist party named New Democracy which succeeded in securing a parliamentary mandate for the first (and only) time. The four parties of the centre-right coalition (the Centre Party, People's Party, Moderates, and Christian Democrats) were allocated a combined total of 171 seats, 17 more than the two left-wing parties' 154, but still fewer than the 175 necessary for a majority. Thus the centre-right bloc was dependent upon New Democracy to secure a parliamentary majority. It was able to do so, and the Moderates' Carl Bildt became Prime Minister.


1991 Swedish general election
One large factor in the shift between the blocs was that the Christian Democrats managed to reach the 4% threshold by a good margin after many previous attempts. This combined with the Green Party falling short of the threshold, meant vast changes to areas yielding wins for the blue bloc. Norrköping, Västerås and Örebro, main urban areas inside the left-wing industrial belt of central Sweden, all voted blue for the first time for generations. Even so, they did only assemble pluralities as opposed to majorities in all three. The centre-right bloc also made vast gains in the capital region, the Moderate Party being the largest both in Stockholm Municipality and the surrounding Stockholm County. Led by the strong Moderate vote, Malmö also flipped to a blue plurality, overturning another historical Social Democrat stronghold.


1991 Swedish general election
This election was also famous for the performance of the Donald Duck Party, which collected 1,535 votes, enough to make it the 9th largest in Sweden. The protest party's platform consisted of the demand for "free liquor and wider sidewalks."


1991 Swedish general election, Results, By municipality
Votes by municipality. The municipalities are the color of the party that got the most votes within the coalition that won relative majority.


1991 Swedish general election, Results, By municipality
Cartogram of the map to the left with each municipality rescaled to the number of valid votes cast.


1991 Swedish general election, Results, By municipality
Map showing the voting shifts from the 1988 to the 1991 election. Darker blue indicates a municipality voted more towards the parties that formed the centre-right bloc. Darker red indicates a municipality voted more towards the parties that form the left-wing bloc.


1991 Swedish general election, Results, By municipality
Votes by municipality as a scale from red/Left-wing bloc to blue/Centre-right bloc.


1991 Swedish general election, Results, By municipality
Cartogram of vote with each municipality rescaled in proportion to number of valid votes cast. Deeper blue represents a relative majority for the centre-right coalition, brighter red represents a relative majority for the left-wing coalition.


1991 Swedish local elections
Local elections were held in Sweden on 15 September 1991 to elect county councils and municipal councils. The elections were held alongside general elections.


1991 Swiss Indoors
The 1991 Swiss Indoors was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the St. Jakobshalle in Basel, Switzerland that was part of the World Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. It was the 22nd edition of the tournament and took place from 23 September until 29 September 1991. Sixth-seeded Jakob Hlasek won the singles title.


1991 Swiss Indoors, Finals, Doubles
Jakob Hlasek /  Patrick McEnroe defeated  Petr Korda /  John McEnroe 3–6, 7–6, 7–6


1991 Swiss federal election
Federal elections were held in Switzerland on 20 October 1991. The Free Democratic Party remained the largest party in the National Council, winning 44 of the 200 seats.


1991 Swiss referendums
Four referendums were held in Switzerland in 1991. The first two were held on 3 March on lowering the voting age to 18, which was approved, and on a popular initiative on promoting public transport, which was rejected. The third and fourth were held on 2 June on reorganising the federal finances, which was rejected, and amending the military penal code, which was approved.


1991 Syracuse Orangemen football team
The 1991 Syracuse Orangemen football team represented Syracuse University in the 1991 Division I-A college football season. The Orangemen finished the season 10–2, winning the 1992 Hall of Fame Bowl.


1991 Syracuse Orangemen football team
Two new eras began for Syracuse football. It was the first season as head coach for Paul Pasqualoni, who was promoted from assistant after Dick MacPherson, who had led the Orangemen for the previous 11 seasons, left to take the head coaching job at the New England Patriots. More important in the long term, this was the first season in which the Big East Conference sponsored football—although the conference would not establish a full round-robin schedule in the sport until the 1993 season.


1991 Syrian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Syria on 2 December 1991. There was only one candidate, Hafez al-Assad, with voters asked to approve or reject his candidacy. A reported 99.99% of voters voted in favour, with a turnout of 99.1%.


1991 São Paulo FC season
The 1991 season was São Paulo's 62nd season since club's existence.


1991 São Toméan legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in São Tomé and Príncipe on 20 January 1991. They were the first multi-party elections for the National Assembly, following a referendum the previous year. The result was a victory for the Democratic Convergence Party-Reflection Group, which won 33 of the 55 seats, defeating the former sole legal party, the Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe - Social Democratic Party. Voter turnout was 76.7%.


1991 São Toméan legislative election, Background and outcome of elections
The main political parties in the election were the Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe - Social Democratic Party (MLSTP-PSD), the former sole legal party and the Democratic Convergence Party - Reflection Group (PCD-GR), a party formed by a coalition of MLSTP dissidents, independents, and young professionals. Some of the smaller parties that participated in the election were the FDC, or Christian Democratic Front and the Democratic Coalition of the Opposition (CODO), created by the merger of three former overseas opposition movements.


1991 São Toméan legislative election, Background and outcome of elections
The elections, deemed transparent, free, and fair resulted in victory for the PCD-GR, with the MLSTP defeat blamed on the country's economic problems. A transitional government headed by Daniel Daio was installed in February pending presidential elections to be held in March.


1991 São Toméan presidential election
Presidential elections were held for the first time in São Tomé and Príncipe on 3 March 1991, as previously the President had been elected by the National Assembly. Ultimately only one candidate, Miguel Trovoada, ran for office, and was elected unopposed. He was sworn in as the second president of São Tomé and Príncipe on 3 April.


1991 São Toméan presidential election, Candidates
Three candidates stated their intention to participate in the contest; Miguel Trovoada, a former Prime Minister running as an independent (with the support of both the PCD-GR and CODO), Monso dos Santos of the Christian Democratic Front (FDC) and Guadalupe de Ceita, an independent candidate. Manuel Pinto da Costa, President since independence in 1975, declared that he would not be contesting the election and that he would retire from politics. The MLSTP-PSD did not present an alternative candidate.


1991 São Toméan presidential election, Candidates
In February, less than a month before the election, both Monso dos Santos and Guadalupe de Ceita withdrew from the election leaving Trovoada as the sole candidate.


1991 TAAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1991 Trans America Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament (now known as the Atlantic Sun Men's Basketball Tournament) was held March 5–7 at the Edmunds Center in DeLand, Florida.


1991 TAAC Men's Basketball Tournament
Georgia State defeated Arkansas–Little Rock in the championship game, 80–60, to win their first TAAC/Atlantic Sun men's basketball tournament.


1991 TAAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The Panthers, therefore, received the TAAC's automatic bid to the 1991 NCAA Tournament, their first Division I tournament appearance.


1991 TAAC Men's Basketball Tournament
Hardin–Simmons departed the TAAC for Division III prior to the season, leaving the conference membership at eight. As such, the TAAC tournament returned to its old format where all of the league's members participated.


1991 TCU Horned Frogs football team
The 1991 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Horned Frogs finished the season 7–4 overall and 4–4 in the Southwest Conference. The team was coached by Jim Wacker, in his ninth and final year as head coach. The Frogs played their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on campus in Fort Worth, Texas.


1991 TCU Horned Frogs football team
Following the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season, TCU replaced the existing upper-deck seating area of Amon G. Carter stadium with aluminum bleacher seating. The new designed reduced the official seating capacity of the stadium from 46,083 to 44,008. Additionally, TCU replaced the field's artificial turf with natural grass.


1991 TFL Statewide League season
The 1991 TFL Statewide League premiership season was an Australian rules football competition staged across Tasmania over twenty one (21) roster rounds and six (6) finals series matches between 30 March and 21 September 1991. This was the sixth season of the statewide competition and The League was known as the Cascade-Boags Statewide League under a dual commercial naming-rights sponsorship agreement with both Cascade Brewery in Hobart and Boag's Brewery in Launceston.


1991 TFL Statewide League season, 1991 TFL Statewide League Ladder, Round 14
Note: Paul Dac (New Norfolk) registers his 100th goal for the season, 26-minutes into the third quarter.


1991 TFL Statewide League season, 1991 TFL Statewide League Ladder, Round 20
Notes: South Launceston breaks a 34-match losing streak, their match was transferred to Youngtown due to groundsman's tractor being bogged on York Park.


1991 TFL Statewide League season, 1991 TFL Statewide League Ladder, Grand Final
Sources: All scores and statistics courtesy of The Mercury and Sunday Tasmanian newspapers.


1991 Taiwanese National Assembly election
National Assembly elections were held in the Republic of China on 22 December 1991. The result was a victory for the Kuomintang, which won 254 of the 325 seats. Voter turnout was 68.3%.


1991 Tajik presidential election
Presidential elections were held for the first time in Tajikistan on 24 November 1991. The result was a victory for Rahmon Nabiyev of the Communist Party of Tajikistan, who received 60% of the vote. Voter turnout was 86.5%.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The tenth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 24 June 1991. The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) – Indian National Congress (INC) alliance won the elections in a landslide and AIADMK general secretary J. Jayalalithaa became the chief minister. This was her first term in office.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The united strength of AIADMK (after the merger of Jayalalithaa and Janaki Ramachandran and R M Veerappan faction, who was made Joint General Secretary of AIADMK]), the alliance with the Congress, and the wave of public sympathy in the wake of Rajiv Gandhi assassination combined to produce a massive victory for the AIADMK. The DMK could only win 2 seats. This was the worst performance of the DMK since it entered electoral politics in the 1957.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Background, President's rule
On 30 January 1991, the DMK government which had come to power after winning the 1989 assembly election, was dismissed by the Indian Prime minister Chandra Shekhar using Article 356 of the Indian Constitution. President's rule was imposed on Tamil Nadu from 31 January. The reason cited for the dismissal was the deterioration of law and order in the state. The dismissal followed pressure on the Chandra Shekhar government by the Congress and AIADMK to dismiss the DMK government. The Chandra Shekhar government fell in March 1991 after the Congress withdrew its outside support. Fresh elections for both the Indian parliament and Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly were scheduled for June 1991.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Background, Unification of AIADMK
The AIADMK which had contested and lost the 1989 elections as two different factions reunited under the leadership of Jayalalithaa in February 1989. The Janaki Ramachandran faction merged with the Jayalalithaa faction to form a single united party and Janaki retired from politics. The reunited party regained the popular "Two Leaves" symbol of the AIADMK. (The Election Commission of India had frozen the symbol for the 1989 elections due to the split). The united AIADMK was able to prove its strength immediately by winning the elections held for two constituencies -Marungapuri and Madurai East on 11 March 1989. (for these two constituencies elections had been postponed earlier due to technical reasons).The AIADMK then allied with the Congress for the 1989 Parliamentary elections. The AIADMK-Congress alliance won 38 of the 39 Lok Sabha seats in that election routing the DMK-Janata Dal led National Front.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Background, Formation of PMK
The 1991 elections was the first state elections contested by the Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK), a  labour class based party. S. Ramadoss, the leader of the Vanniyar caste organisation which demanded proportional reservation in education and employment based on population ratio of each community – the Vanniyar Sangam converted into a political party and entered electoral politics with the 1989 parliamentary elections. The emergence of PMK cut into the DMK's political base in the northern districts of Tamil Nadu.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Background, Formation of TMK
In 1991, the Thayaga Marumalarchi Kazhagam (TMK) was formed by the actor-politician Vijaya T. Rajendar after he split from the DMK. Later, some of the second rung leaders of the ADMK including Su. Thirunavukkarasar, K. K. S. S. R. Ramachandran, S. D. Ugamchand, V. Karuppasamy Pandian split from the party. For the 1991 elections they formed a pact with T. Rajendar and contested as TMK candidates.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Background, Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi
On 21 May 1991, leader of the Indian National Congress and its prime ministerial candidate for the 1991 general elections was assassinated by a LTTE suicide bomber. The assassination took place at a campaign meeting at Sriperumpudur where he was campaigning for the Congress candidate Maragatham Chandrasekar.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Background, Coalitions
The two main political formations in this election were the DMK and AIADMK led fronts. The DMK coalition comprised the Communist Party of India (CPI), Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM),  Janata Dal (JD) and Thayaga Marumalarchi Kazhagam (TMK). The AIADMK front had only two major parties – itself and the Congress. The AIADMK also backed the ICS (SCS) candidate Sanjay Ramasamy in the Virudhunagar constituency. Several smaller parties like the PMK contested the elections alone.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Voting and results
The polling for the state assembly elections were held simultaneously with the polling for the 1991 Parliamentary elections on 24 June 1991. The voter turnout was 63.92%.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Voting and results, Results by Pre-Poll Alliance
†: ICS(SCS) contested in 13 different constituencies, but only the one contested by Sanjay Ramaswamy was endorsed by AIADMK.‡: Vote % reflects the percentage of votes the party received compared to the entire electorate that voted in this election. Adjusted (Adj.) Vote %, reflects the % of votes the party received per constituency that they contested. Sources: Election Commission of India


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Analysis
The AIADMK coalition won a massive victory in this election capturing 225 of 234 seats. The DMK coalition was routed with only 7 victories. DMK itself could win only 2 seats including that of its leader M. Karunanidhi. Though Karunanidhi won from the Harbour constituency, he resigned his seat immediately. The victory of AIADMK-Congress has been attributed mainly to the sympathy wave following the Rajiv Gandhi assassination.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Analysis
Other factors which helped their victory were the consolidation of the AIADMK votes under the unified AIADMK party, successful projection by Jayalalithaa as the true political heir to M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R), successful portrayal of DMK as anti-woman (by playing up the events in the Assembly on 25 March 1989) and the PMK cutting into the DMK's vote bank in the northern districts. This election saw the first electoral success of the PMK, when its candidate Panruti Ramachandran was elected from the Panruti constituency.


1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, Cabinet
V. R. Nedunchezhiyan became the finance minister in J. Jayalalithaa's first Cabinet.


1991 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season
The 1991 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season was the franchise's 16th season in the National Football League.


1991 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season
In Richard Williamson's first full season as coach the Buccaneers started by losing their first five games, on the way to another last place 3–13 season. Among the major disappointments was quarterback Vinny Testaverde, who was replaced by Chris Chandler at quarterback early in the season, who passed for 1,994 yards and eight touchdown passes to 15 interceptions. Following the season Coach Williamson would be fired and replaced by Sam Wyche.


1991 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season
Tax records would later show that the Buccaneers were one of the most profitable teams during this time, even though owner Hugh Culverhouse announced the Bucs were losing money and needed to play games in Orlando, Florida to get income. Such records revealed Culverhouse ran the Bucs as a profit first business, often releasing better players who would deserve big contracts.


1991 Tampa Bay Storm season
The 1991 Tampa Bay Storm season was the fifth season for the Arena Football League franchise, and its first season as the Tampa Bay Storm. The team was sold to Bob Gries in 1990, and he quickly moved the team from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to St. Petersburg, Florida. The team played their home games at the Florida Suncoast Dome.


1991 Tampa Bay Storm season, Roster
Rookies in italics updated March 20, 201327 Active, 0 Inactive, 0 PS


1991 Taraba State gubernatorial election
The 1991 Taraba State gubernatorial election occurred on December 14, 1991. SDP candidate Jolly Nyame won the election, defeating NRC candidate.


1991 Taraba State gubernatorial election, Conduct
The gubernatorial election was conducted using an open ballot system. Primaries for the two parties to select their flag bearers were conducted on October 19, 1991.


1991 Taraba State gubernatorial election, Conduct
The election occurred on December 14, 1991. SDP candidate Jolly Nyame won the election, defeating NRC candidate. Jolly Nyame polled 484,090 votes.


1991 Taça de Portugal Final
The 1991 Taça de Portugal Final was the final match of the 1990–91 Taça de Portugal, the 51st season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 2 June 1991 at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Beira-Mar and Porto. Porto defeated Beira-Mar 3–1 in a game that went to extra-time, which would give Porto their seventh Taça de Portugal.


1991 Taça de Portugal Final
In Portugal, the final was televised live on RTP. As a result of Porto winning the Taça de Portugal, the Dragões qualified for the 1991 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira where they took on 1990–91 Primeira Divisão winners Benfica.


1991 Team Ice Racing World Championship
The 1991 Team Ice Racing World Championship was the 13th edition of the Team World Championship. The final was held on ?, 1991, in Inzell in Germany. The Soviet Union won their 11th title.


1991 Tejano Music Awards
The 11th Tejano Music Awards were held in 1991. They recognized accomplishments by musicians from the previous year. The Tejano Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony recognizing Tejano music musicians.


1991 Temple Owls football team
The 1991 Temple Owls football team represented Temple University in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. They were part of the Big East, placing last in the conference with a season record of two wins, nine losses.


1991 Tendring District Council election
The 1991 Tendring District Council election took place on 2 May 1991 to elect members of Tendring District Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections.


1991 Tennent's Sixes
The 1991 Tennents' Sixes was the eighth staging of the indoor 6-a-side football tournament. It was held at the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre (SECC) in Glasgow on 20 and 21 January.


1991 Tennent's Sixes
Clubs from the 1990-91 Premier Division season competed except Rangers who were replaced by First Division side Airdrieonains and the two group winners and runners-up qualified to the semi-finals including Airdrie and Hearts beat Motherwell 5–2 in the final to win their second Sixes title a year after their Edinburgh rivals Hibernian won theirs.


1991 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1991 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. Playing as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), the team was led by head coach Johnny Majors, in his 15th year, and played their home games at Neyland Stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee. They finished the season with a record of nine wins and three losses (9–3 overall, 5–2 in the SEC) and with a loss against Penn State in the Fiesta Bowl. The Volunteers offense scored 352 points while the defense allowed 263 points.


1991 Tercera División play-offs
The 1991 Tercera División play-offs to Segunda División B from Tercera División (Promotion play-offs) were the final playoffs for the promotion from 1990–91 Tercera División to 1991–92 Segunda División B. The champion of every group (excluding reserve teams) took part in the play-off.


1991 Tercera División play-offs
The teams play a league of four teams, divided into 17 groups of 5 zones.


1991 Tercera División play-offs
The champion of each group is promoted to Segunda División B.


1991 Texas A&M Aggies football team
The 1991 Texas A&M Aggies football team completed the season with a 10–2 record. The Aggies had a regular season Southwest Conference record of 8-0 and were conference champions. They ended the season with a 10–2 loss in the 1992 Cotton Bowl Classic to Florida State.


1991 Texas A&M Aggies football team, Game summaries, LSU
Greg Hill ran for 216 yards and 2 TDs on the way to a 45-7 rout of the LSU Tigers. The Wrecking Crew held LSU to 31 net yards rushing in the game led by Quentin Coryatt and Chris Crooms who logged 8 tackles each. Patrick Bates had 2 INTs as the Aggies crushed the Tigers in Kyle Field. J Elliott was the 12th Man for the game.


1991 Texas A&M Aggies football team, Game summaries, Arkansas
This was the final game played between Arkansas and Texas A&M until the 2009 rivalry renewal.


1991 Texas A&M Aggies football team, Game summaries, Florida State
Quentin Coryatt accounted for the only Aggie score with a safety sack of Casey Weldon in the first quarter.


1991 Texas Longhorns football team
The 1991 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin during the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. They were represented in the Southwest Conference. They played their home games at Texas Memorial Stadium in Austin, Texas. The team was led by head coach David McWilliams.


1991 Texas Rangers season
The 1991 Texas Rangers season involved the Rangers finishing third in the American League West with a record of 85 wins and 77 losses.


1991 Texas Rangers season, Regular season, Nolan Ryan's 7th No-Hitter, Scorecard
Length of game: 2:25. Umpires: HP: Tschida, 1B: Coble, 2B: Shulock, 3B: Johnson


1991 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1991 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1991 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1991 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1991 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1991 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team
The 1991 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team represented Texas Tech University in the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fifth season under head coach Spike Dykes, the Red Raiders compiled a 6–5 record (5–3 against SWC opponents), finished in a tie for second place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 315 to 272. The team played its home games at Clifford B. and Audrey Jones Stadium in Lubbock, Texas.


1991 Texas's 3rd congressional district special election
The 1991 United States House of Representatives special election in Texas's 3rd congressional district was held on May 18, 1991 to select the successor to Steve Bartlett (R) who was elected Mayor of Dallas. The primary was held on May 4, 1991, featuring mostly Republicans.


1991 Thailand Masters
The 1991 Thailand Masters was an invitational non-ranking snooker tournament held in Bangkok in 1991. Steve Davis won the title, defeating Stephen Hendry 6–3 in the final, and received £15,000 prize money. John Parrott, playing in his first tournament since winning the 1991 World Snooker Championship, lost 4–5 to Hendry in the semi-finals. Hendry compiled the highest break of the tournament, 124, during his quarter-final defeat of Mike Hallett.


1991 The Citadel Bulldogs football team
The 1991 The Citadel Bulldogs football team represented The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina in the 1991 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Charlie Taaffe served as head coach for the fifth season. The Bulldogs played as members of the Southern Conference and played home games at Johnson Hagood Stadium.


1991 Thriftway ATP Championships
The 1991 Cincinnati Open, known by the corporate title of the Thriftway ATP Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 90th edition of the tournament and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1991 ATP Tour It took place in Mason, Ohio, United States, from August 5 through August 11, 1991.


1991 Thriftway ATP Championships
The tournament had previously appeared on the Tier III of the WTA Tour but no event was held from 1989 to 2003.


1991 Thriftway ATP Championships, Champions, Doubles
Ken Flach /  Robert Seguso defeated  Grant Connell /  Glenn Michibata 6–7, 6–4, 7–5


1991 Thriftway ATP Championships – Singles
Stefan Edberg was the defending champion, but lost to Pete Sampras in the quarterfinals.


1991 Thriftway ATP Championships – Singles
Guy Forget won the title, defeating Sampras 2–6, 7–6(7–4), 6–4 in the final.


1991 Thriftway ATP Championships – Singles, Seeds
The top eight seeds received a bye to the second round.


1991 Tifariti offensive
Operation Rattle, also known as the 1991 Tifariti offensive, was the last military operation in the Western Sahara War by the Royal Moroccan Army against the Polisario Front, seeking independence for Western Sahara. A ceasefire (accorded to be in effect from 6 September 1991) had been agreed between the parts on July.


1991 Tifariti offensive
During August and the first days of September 1991, the Royal Moroccan Army (RMA) conducted offensive operations in the areas of Mehaires, Tifariti, Bir Lahlou, Mijek and Agwanit, resulting in multiple Sahrawi civilian casualties, the destruction of Tifariti and Bir Lahlou, poisoning of the wells and subsequently depopulation of the area.


1991 Tifariti offensive, Operation Rattle
Between 4–5 August, Moroccan troops and aviation attacked the towns of Tifariti, Mehaires and Mijek, destroying infrastructure that had been built for the nomad population of the area and the outcome of the referendum, and while a United Nations military experts mission was in the zone. POLISARIO sources stated that they had no military casualties, and on 13 August declared that one Sahrawi had been killed and another wounded during the attacks on Tifariti and Miyek. Sahrawi sources from Tindouf mentioned that three civilians were wounded during the attacks.


1991 Tifariti offensive, Operation Rattle
On 4 August, a Moroccan Northrop F-5 was shot down by Sahrawi fighters near Tifariti, and his pilot Captain Youssef Megzari captured (he escaped from Tindouf prison in February 2005 along with another POW). While the POLISARIO saw the attacks as a Moroccan attempt to sabotage the peace plan, the Moroccan official news agency defined the attacks as a "cleansing operation in no-man's land" to avoid the "infiltration of elements armed and trained to make terrorist attacks on the Moroccan Sahara"


1991 Tifariti offensive, Operation Rattle
From 22 August, a second wave of attacks by the Moroccan forces took part on Tifariti, Bir Lehlou, Mijek and Agwanit. While Polisario Front sources defined the attacks as a "massive terrestrial offensive" and denounced the "systematic destruction of the water wells", MAP stated that since early August there had been "political operations of cleaning and searching in the no man's land", but denying that there were on a "greater scale".


1991 Tifariti offensive, Operation Rattle
On 25 August, POLISARIO officials announced that Moroccan forces had reached the town of Bir Lehlou, the temporary capital of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, making hundreds of Sahrawi civilians flee into the desert. These sources stated that the Sahrawi forces were not opposing resistance to the Moroccan offensive, due to "respect to the date of September 6 marked by the UN peace plan for the ceasefire", but also adverted that if after the ceasefire date the attacks continued, "Sahrawis will be legitimated to exercise their self-defense right".


1991 Tifariti offensive, Operation Rattle
Finally, they affirmed that at least twenty Sahrawi nomad civilians had died, most of them of thirst, during the Moroccan offensive. On 27 August, then UN Secretary General Javier Pérez de Cuellar expressed his confidence on the maintenance of the ceasefire date, while dismissing POLISARIO reports about the attacks. Moroccan press attacked Pérez de Cuellar, accusing him of not being neutral and creating confusion.


1991 Tifariti offensive, Operation Rattle
Meanwhile, the Royal Moroccan Air Force bombed Tifariti again, killing at least five civilians, wounding 20 and destroying the infrastructure of the town, according to Hash Ahmed, then POLISARIO representative in Madrid, who added that ten thousand refugees on the Tifariti region were fleeing, and a hundred had disappeared. On 29 August Bachir Mustapha Sayed, POLISARIO representative for relations with the MINURSO, declared that the Moroccan troops were retreating into the Moroccan Wall.


1991 Tifariti offensive, Cease fire
A cease-fire between the Polisario Front and Morocco, monitored by MINURSO (UN) has been in effect since 6 September 1991, with the promise of a referendum on independence the following year.


1991 Tippeligaen
The 1991 Tippeligaen was the 47th completed season of top division football in Norway. 22 game-weeks were played with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Number eleven and twelve are relegated. The winners of the two groups of the 1. divisjon are promoted, as well as the winner of a series of play-off matches between the two second placed teams in the two groups of the 1. divisjon and number ten in the Tippeligaen.


1991 Tippeligaen
The season began on April 27, 1991. The season ended on October 13, 1991, with Viking claiming their eighth league title. Viking were thus the last club to win the league before Rosenborg's 13-year domination started.


1991 Tippeligaen, Relegation play-offs
Brann, Bryne, and Strindheim played play-offs, Brann won and remained in Tippeligaen.


1991 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1991 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 101st staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship began on 13 October 1991 and ended on 10 November 1991.


1991 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
On 10 November 1991, Cashel King Cormacs won the title after a 2-08 to 1-05 defeat of Holycross-Ballycahill in the final at Semple Stadium. It remains their only championship title.


1991 Tirreno–Adriatico
The 1991 Tirreno–Adriatico was the 26th edition of the Tirreno–Adriatico cycle race and was held from 13 March to 20 March 1991. The race started in Pompei and finished in San Benedetto del Tronto. The race was won by Herminio Díaz Zabala of the ONCE team.


1991 Tivoli Milkmasters season
The 1991 Tivoli Milk Masters season was the 17th season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). Formerly known as Presto Tivoli Ice Cream in the First Conference.


1991 Tivoli Milkmasters season, Notable dates
March 19: The Tivolis break out of a four-game losing slump with a 119-113 victory over Diet Sarsi.


1991 Tivoli Milkmasters season, Notable dates
March 26: Presto scored its fourth win in nine games in a 122-116 victory against Purefoods Hotdogs.


1991 Tivoli Milkmasters season, Scoring record
April 4: Import Dwayne McClain scored 74 points in the Tivolis' 117-118 loss to Alaska Milk.


1991 Tivoli Milkmasters season, Scoring record
November 21: Allan Caidic achieved a milestone when he surpassed the record for most points by a local player in scoring 79 points in Tivoli's 162–149 win over Ginebra San Miguel, Caidic made 37 points in the second quarter alone and tallied 42 in the second half to break his previous record of 41 points shared with once teammate Ricardo Brown. The Milkmasters dropped out of contention in the Third Conference after losing their first five semifinal assignments. They won their last three outings, highlighted by the 79-point output of Allan Caidic in their last game of the season.


1991 Tivoli Milkmasters season, Roster
Assistant coaches: Nap Flores / Bong Go Team Manager: Ignacio Gotao


1991 Tokyo Indoor
The 1991 Tokyo Indoor, also known by its sponsored name Seiko Super Tennis, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Tokyo, Japan that was part of the IBM 1991 ATP Tour and was an ATP Championship Series event. It was the 14th edition of the tournament and was held from 8 October through 14 October 1991. Matches were the best of three sets. First-seeded Stefan Edberg won the singles title.


1991 Tokyo Indoor, Finals, Doubles
Jim Grabb /  Richey Reneberg defeated  Scott Davis /  David Pate 7–5, 2–6, 7–6


1991 Tokyo Indoor – Doubles
Guy Forget and Jakob Hlasek were the defending champions, but did not participate this year.


1991 Tokyo Indoor – Doubles
Jim Grabb and Richey Reneberg won the title, defeating Scott Davis and David Pate 7–5, 2–6, 7–6 in the final.


1991 Tokyo Indoor – Singles
Ivan Lendl was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals this year.


1991 Tokyo Indoor – Singles
Stefan Edberg won the title, defeating Derrick Rostagno in the final, 6–3, 1–6, 6–2.


1991 Toledo Rockets football team
The 1991 Toledo Rockets football team was an American football team that represented the University of Toledo in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their first season under head coach Gary Pinkel, the Rockets compiled a 5–5–1 record (4–3–1 against MAC opponents), finished in a tie for third place in the MAC, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 269 to 153.


1991 Toledo Rockets football team
The team's statistical leaders included Kevin Meger with 1,787 passing yards, Steve Cowan with 748 rushing yards, and Marcus Goodwin with 600 receiving yards.


1991 Tongatapu Inter Club Championship
The 1991 season of the Tongatapu Inter Club Championship was the 18th season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. The champion of this season is unknown.


1991 Tooheys 1000
The 1991 Tooheys 1000 was a motor race which was staged at the Mount Panorama Circuit just outside Bathurst in New South Wales, Australia on 6 October 1991. It was the 32nd running of the Bathurst 1000. The 1000 km race was held for cars complying with the provisions of Australian Group 3A Touring Car regulations  with the field divided into three engine capacity divisions. It was the Round 2 of both the 1991 Australian Endurance Championship and the 1991 Australian Manufacturers' Championship.


1991 Tooheys 1000
Nissan driver Mark Skaife became the first driver since Peter Brock in 1983 to claim provisional pole position, pole position after the Top 10 runoff (with a then fastest touring car lap time of 2:12.63), the race win, and the fastest race lap. His lap record in the race was set in the teams #2 GT-R and not the #1 he drove to victory with Jim Richards. (Brock's race record lap of 1983 was also set in the team's second, #25 car, but that was the car he drove to victory with John Harvey and Larry Perkins).


1991 Tooheys 1000
The Richards / Skaife Nissan GT-R recorded a one lap victory from the Holden Racing Team entered Holden VN Commodore SS Group A SV of 1990 race winners Win Percy and Allan Grice with the GIO Racing Nissan GT-R of Mark Gibbs and dual Australian Drivers' Champion Rohan Onslow a further lap behind in third place. After having won the Sandown 500 in the lead up to Bathurst, third place was enough to see Gibbs and Onslow win the Australian Endurance Championship and help win Nissan their fourth Australian Manufacturers' Championship.


1991 Tooheys 1000
With the overall race time of 6h 19m 14.80s breaking the 1984 record of 6h 23m 13.06s. The 1991 time remained as the race record for the 1000 km event until it was broken at the 2010 event with a 6h 12m 51.4153s race time. As of the end of 2018 the 1991 edition is still one of the fastest races in the history of this event, being the sixth fastest.


1991 Tooheys 1000, Divisional  structure, Division 1
For Group 3A cars of 3001cc and Over engine capacity, it featured the turbocharged Nissan Skylines, Ford Sierras, Toyota Supras and a Mitsubishi Starion, the V8 Holden Commodores and a BMW 635 CSi.


1991 Tooheys 1000, Divisional  structure, Division 2
For Group 3A cars of 1601-3000cc engine capacity, it was composed exclusively of BMW M3s, both the 2.5 L "Evo" version and the original 2.3 L car.


1991 Tooheys 1000, Divisional  structure, Division 3
For Group 3A cars of Up to 1600cc engine capacity, it was composed exclusively of various models of Toyota Corolla.


1991 Tooheys 1000, Tooheys Top 10
* After breaking Tony Longhurst's 1990 qualifying record of 2:13.84 by a full second, Mark Skaife lowered the mark again with a 2:12.630 in the Top 10. Skaife's Nissan GT-R also recorded a Group A fastest ever 293 km/h (182 mph) on Conrod Straight during the runoff. * 1991 was the first ever all-Nissan front row at Bathurst. It was also Nissan's third Bathurst pole position after George Fury claimed pole in 1984 in the Bluebird turbo, and Gary Scott had done so in 1986 in the Skyline DR30 RS turbo.


1991 Tooheys 1000, Tooheys Top 10
With three GT-R's, Nissan also had its best ever representation in the runoff, breaking the record of two set in 1982 and 1986. * 1991 was the only time between 1988 and 1992 that a Ford Sierra RS500 did not qualify on the pole. Glenn Seton in the fastest Sierra was over 2 seconds slower than Skaife and one second slower than the GT-R of second placed Mark Gibbs. His time was also 0.952 slower than Klaus Niedzwiedz's 1990 pole time in a Sierra.


1991 Tooheys 1000, Tooheys Top 10
* Peter Brock made his first appearance driving a Holden in the runoff since the first Group A race in 1985. Brock qualified his Holden VN Commodore SS Group A SV in 6th place. Compared to Skaife's speed on Conrod Straight in the twin-turbo GT-R, Brock's naturally aspirated V8 Commodore recorded 278 km/h (173 mph), though this was a substantial improvement as the older model Holden VL Commodore SS Group A SV usually topped out at around 270 km/h (168 mph) unless aided by a tow from another car.


1991 Tooheys 1000, Tooheys Top 10
Despite this the VN Commodores were in fact almost 1.5 seconds slower than the VL model had been in 1990. * 1991 was the only time between his pole positions in 1988 and 1992 that Dick Johnson did not qualify his #17 Sierra on the front row. * Drew Price (Nissan), Larry Perkins (Commodore), David Parsons (Sierra), and Win Percy (Commodore) were the only drivers not to improve on their qualifying time. * HRT team manager and defending race winner Win Percy, who was competing in his 6th Bathurst 1000, made his first appearance in the Top 10 runoff.


1991 Tooheys 1000, Tooheys Top 10
In four of his previous five races his cars had in fact competed in the runoff but it was his co-drivers - Tom Walkinshaw in 1985 and Allan Grice in 1987, 1988 and 1990, who did the driving on those occasions (Percy did not drive in 1986 and only qualified 18th in 1989).


1991 Torneo Descentralizado
The 1991 Torneo Descentralizado, the top tournament of Peruvian football, was played by 41 teams in the format of Regional Tournaments, whose winner advanced to national finals. The national champion was Sporting Cristal.


1991 Torneo Godó
The 1991 Torneo Godó was the 39th edition of the Torneo Godó annual men's tennis tournament played on clay courts in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain and part of the Championship Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. The tournament took place from 8 April through 14 April 1991, and Emilio Sánchez won the singles title.


1991 Torneo Godó, Finals, Doubles
Horacio de la Peña /  Diego Nargiso defeated  Boris Becker /  Eric Jelen 3–6, 7–6, 6–4


1991 Torneo Godó – Doubles
Andrés Gómez and Javier Sánchez were the defending champions, but Sánchez did not compete this year. Gómez teamed up with Sergi Bruguera and lost in the semifinals to Boris Becker and Eric Jelen.


1991 Torneo Godó – Doubles
Horacio de la Peña and Diego Nargiso won the title by defeating Becker and Jelen 3–6, 7–6, 6–4 in the final.


1991 Torneo Godó – Doubles, Seeds
The first four seeds received a bye to the second round.


1991 Torneo Godó – Singles
Andrés Gómez was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Marcelo Filippini.


1991 Torneo Godó – Singles
Emilio Sánchez won the title by defeating Sergi Bruguera 6–4, 7–6(9–7), 6–2 in the final.


1991 Torneo Godó – Singles, Seeds
The first eight seeds received a bye to the second round.


1991 Torneo Internazionale Femminile di Palermo
The 1991 Torneo Internazionale Femminile di Palermo was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Country Time Club in Palermo, Italy that was part of the Tier V category of the 1991 WTA Tour. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 8 July until 14 July 1991. Unseeded Mary Pierce won the singles title and earned $13,500 first-prize money.


1991 Torneo Internazionale Femminile di Palermo, Finals, Doubles
Mary Pierce /  Petra Langrová defeated  Laura Garrone /  Mercedes Paz 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–3


1991 Torneo di Viareggio
The 1991 winners of the Torneo di Viareggio (in English, the Viareggio Tournament, officially the Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale), the annual youth football tournament held in Viareggio, Tuscany, are listed below.


1991 Torneo di Viareggio, Format
The 24 teams are seeded in 6 knockout groups. The winner of each group and two lucky losers progress to the final knockout stage. The final round matches include 30 minutes extra time and penalties to be played if the draw between teams still holds. The semifinals losing sides play consolation final. The winning teams play the final with extra time and repeat the match if the draw holds.


1991 Toronto Argonauts season
The 1991 Toronto Argonauts season was the 102nd season for the team since the franchise's inception in 1873. The team finished in first place in the East Division with a 13–5 record and qualified for the playoffs for the sixth consecutive year. The Argonauts defeated the Winnipeg Blue Bombers in the Eastern Final and qualified for the 79th Grey Cup. Toronto defeated the Calgary Stampeders in a rematch of the 1971 Grey Cup, winning their 12th Grey Cup championship by a score of 36-21.


1991 Toronto Argonauts season, Offseason
In February 1991, the Argonauts were purchased by Bruce McNall, Wayne Gretzky and John Candy. In April 1991, the Argonauts signed Raghib Ismail to a four-year contract worth 18 million dollars. The Ismail signing included four million dollars upfront. Technically, Ismail was only being paid $110,000 a season to play football. The rest was a personal services contract with the intention that Ismail would become an ambassador for Canadian football. Ismail would have 64 receptions, 1,300 receiving yards, and 9 touchdowns.


1991 Toronto Argonauts season, Regular season
Matt Dunigan became the Argonauts new quarterback. Dunigan would miss 10 out of 18 regular season games due to injury. The injuries included a pulled groin, pulled hamstring, and pulled calf muscle. In the Eastern final, Dunigan would break his collarbone in two places before halftime. The Argonauts attendance improved from 30,500 to 37,120 fans per game. Despite winning the Grey Cup and the increase in attendance, the Argonauts lost three million dollars.


1991 Toronto Argonauts season, Postseason, Grey Cup
Toronto Argonauts (36) – TDs, Ed Berry, Darrell K. Smith, Raghib "Rocket" Ismail, Paul Masotti; FGs Lance Chomyc (2); cons., Chomyc (4); singles Chomyc (2).


1991 Toronto Argonauts season, Postseason, Grey Cup
Calgary Stampeders (21) – TDs, Danny Barrett, Allen Pitts; FGs, Mark McLoughlin (2); cons., McLoughlin (2); single. McLoughlin.


1991 Toronto Argonauts season, Postseason, Grey Cup
First QuarterTOR – TD Berry 50 yard interception return (Chomyc convert)CGY – TD Barrett 1 yard run (McLoughlin convert)TOR – Single by Chomyc


1991 Toronto Argonauts season, Postseason, Grey Cup
Third QuarterCGY – Single McLoughlinTOR – Single ChomycCGY – FG McLoughlinTOR – TD Smith 48 yard pass from Dunigan (Chomyc convert)


1991 Toronto Argonauts season, Postseason, Grey Cup
Fourth QuarterTOR – FG ChomycCGY – TD Pitts 12 yard pass from Barrett (McLoughlin convert)TOR – TD Ismail 87 yard kickoff return (Chomyc convert)TOR – TD Masotti 36 yard pass from Dunigan (Chomyc convert)


1991 Toronto Blue Jays season
The 1991 Toronto Blue Jays season was the franchise's 15th season of Major League Baseball. It resulted in the Blue Jays finishing first in the American League East with a record of 91 wins and 71 losses. The team's paid attendance of 4,001,527 led the major leagues, as the Jays became the first team in MLB history to draw four million fans in a season. Toronto lost the ALCS to the eventual world champion Minnesota Twins in five games.


1991 Toronto Blue Jays season, Offseason
On December 4, 1990, the San Diego Padres and Blue Jays made one of the biggest blockbuster deals of the decade. The Padres traded second baseman Roberto Alomar and outfielder Joe Carter to the Blue Jays in exchange for first baseman Fred McGriff and shortstop Tony Fernández. Blue Jays GM Pat Gillick and Padres GM Joe McIlvaine originally talked about just trading Joe Carter for Fred McGriff. The Padres were losing Jack Clark and needed a new first baseman. The Blue Jays had John Olerud ready to take over at first base but were losing outfielder George Bell.


1991 Toronto Blue Jays season, Offseason
Gillick decided to up the ante by trying to get Alomar. Gillick figured that with Garry Templeton in the twilight of his career, Fernández would be an adequate replacement. Alomar feuded with Padres manager Greg Riddoch and the thinking was that Bip Roberts and Joey Cora could platoon at second base. Over the next two seasons, Alomar and Carter would help the Blue Jays win the 1992 and 1993 World Series.


1991 Toronto Blue Jays season, Regular season, Roster
Manager Cito Gaston was sidelined with a herniated disc  from August 21 to September 25. Gene Tenace served as the team's interim manager, going 19–14 and keeping the Jays in first place in the AL East for the duration of Gaston's absence.


1991 Toronto Blue Jays season, All-Star game
The Blue Jays hosted the 1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game. It was the 62nd Midsummer Classic and was played on July 9 at SkyDome. Roberto Alomar was voted in as the starting second baseman for the American League, while pitcher Jimmy Key and outfielder Joe Carter were named as reserves on the AL team. Key got the win as the American League's All-Stars triumphed over the National League All-Stars, 4-2.


1991 Toronto Blue Jays season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1991 Toronto International Film Festival
The 16th Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) took place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between September 5 and September 14, 1991. Jodie Foster's directorial debut film Little Man Tate, premiered in the Gala Presentation at the festival.


1991 Toronto bomb plot
The 1991 Toronto bomb plot refers to an Islamist terror plot that sought to blow up two Toronto buildings - the India Centre cinema and the Vishnu Hindu temple - potentially killing 4,500 persons; it was the first 'homegrown' Islamic terrorist plot on Toronto.


1991 Toronto bomb plot
Eventually, Canadian authorities arrested five men of Trinidadian and Dominican ethnicity, and accused them of ties to Jamaat ul-Fuqra alongside the bomb plot. All five were acquitted of the main charge of conspiring to commit murder.


1991 Toronto bomb plot, Arrests
Four of the men tried to cross the Rainbow Bridge into the United States in October 1991. Customs officials searched their Buick and Chevrolet Suburban and found "detailed plans to bomb a York Region Hindu temple and an Indian theater in Toronto", including aerial photographs and blueprints of the Vishnu Mandir Temple and India Centre cinema, as well as references to a "hit team," a "guard team" and "recon team", and amateur videotapes of the men, and the interiors of the buildings.


1991 Toronto bomb plot, Arrests
One document led police to a Brooklyn address and a cache of two rifles, seven handguns and 2,000 rounds of ammunition.


1991 Toronto bomb plot, Arrests
Each of the men were charged with conspiracy to commit mischief and conspiracy to commit murder.


1991 Toronto bomb plot, Trial
Eight men were accused in total. One was dismissed. Fongenie escaped to Pakistan. A Brooklyn man pleaded guilty to weapons offences. Ford, the three Texans and another Toronto man, Khidr Ali, were sent to trial. The trial was moved to St. Catharines from Toronto, and began in October 1993 The Metro Toronto Police, in a move later attributed to the fact they "still really didn't know what to do with their intelligence unit", assigned their security intelligence officers to take up heavy arms and guard the courthouse.


1991 Toronto bomb plot, Trial
Assistant Crown Attorney Philip Enright described documents found in the defendants' cars that suggested entering a building through a men's washroom window, and possibly having a female operative planting a bomb in the women's washroom.


1991 Toronto bomb plot, Trial
It was revealed that the Chevrolet searched at the border belonged to American Mustafa Abdu Rashid, and that the men had phoned him thirty times from the car phone in the vehicle. A search of Rashid's apartment revealed nine semi-automatic firearms.


1991 Toronto bomb plot, Trial
The three Americans were deported from Canada after their sentences were completed in April 2006, and Harris was added to the TSA's no-fly list, as was Wesley and his aliases Robert Fitz Clarence, Bobby Johnson and Wali Muhammad.


1991 Toronto municipal election
The 1991 Toronto municipal election was held on November 12, 1991 to elect councillors in Metropolitan Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and mayors, councillors and school trustees in Toronto, York, East York, North York, Scarborough and Etobicoke.


1991 Toronto municipal election
Under the 1989 Municipal Act changes, the title of alderman was changed to councillor across Metro.


1991 Toronto municipal election, Metro
Metro council was mostly unchanged from that elected in the 1988 election. The only incumbent defeated was Bob Sanders in Scarborough Malvern, who was ousted by Raymond Cho. New arrivals included school board trustee Olivia Chow elected downtown.


1991 Toronto municipal election, Metro
North York Humber Councillor Mario Gentile resigned on August 10, 1994 following a conviction for breach of trust. Paul Valenti was appointed to fill the vacancy on August 24.


1991 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, Mayor
In Toronto, the mayoral race was the first open contest in more than a decade as Mayor Art Eggleton decided not to run for re-election after 11 years. Jack Layton, a long-time city councillor and leader of the council's left wing contested the Mayor's position as the first-ever official candidate of the Metro New Democratic Party (NDP).


1991 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, Mayor
The centre-right was initially divided amongst three candidates, former city councillor June Rowlands who had most recently been chair of the police commission, then-city councillor Betty Disero and former alderman, provincial cabinet minister and Red Tory Susan Fish. Fearing that the 1991 election would be a repeat of 1978 where a split on the right allowed left-winger John Sewell to win, the business and development community worked behind the scenes to consolidate its support behind Rowlands. Lacking funds, Disero and Fish were forced to drop out before the close of nominations resulting in a two-way race between Rowlands and Layton with Rowlands proving victorious. Fish's name remained on the ballot, as she withdrew after the deadline for nominations had passed.


1991 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, Mayor
Results taken from the Toronto Star newspaper, 14 November 1991, E8. The final official results were not significantly different.


1991 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, City council
As with Metro, city council was mostly stable with all incumbents who ran being reelected. The new council had six NDP affiliated members eight members on the right and two moderates who varied between the groups. New members included Kyle Rae, who won Layton's vacated downtown seat, and became the first ever openly gay man to serve on council.


1991 Toronto municipal election, East York
Dave Johnson was re-elected mayor by a wide margin. All the incumbents were re-elected. Ward 2 saw the closest race.


1991 Toronto municipal election, East York, Mayor, Replacement mayor
On April 2, 1993, Johnson was elected to the provincial government in a by-election to replace Margery Ward who died in office. East York council decided to choose a new mayor amongst themselves rather than run a by-election that would have cost an estimated $500,000. Michael Prue won the contest after six rounds of balloting and he became the mayor for the rest of the term. Norm Crone was appointed to fill Prue's place on council.


1991 Toronto municipal election, Etobicoke, Mayor
Matusiak, a lawyer and former deputy crown attorney with no previous political experience, did unexpectedly well Sinclair would go on to be defeated by Doug Holyday in the 1994 election.


1991 Toronto municipal election, North York
Mel Lastman was re-elected mayor of the North York for the seventh consecutive time which broke a record set 710 years ago in the 13th century. Only one incumbent councillor, Bob Bradley was defeated in Ward 13 by newcomer David Shiner. Two other newcomers joined him, John Filion and Maria Rizzo who replaced retiring councillors. All other councillors were re-elected.


1991 Toronto municipal election, North York, North York School Board
Results taken from the Toronto Star, 13 November 1991 (all polls reporting). The final official results were not significantly different.


1991 Toronto municipal election, York
The race for York council was the most volatile of all the Toronto votes. During the previous term, a development scandal occurred where at least two councillors were convicted of taking bribes from a developer to sell parkland for a condominium development. In all, six of eight incumbents were defeated. Only Fergy Brown as mayor and councillors Frances Nunziata and Bill Saundercook were re-elected. Nunziata was instrumental in exposing the scandal.


1991 Tour de France
The 1991 Tour de France was the 78th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 6 to 28 July. The total race distance was 22 stages over 3,914 km (2,432 mi). The race was won by Miguel Indurain, whose Banesto team also won the team classification. The points classification was won by Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, although he almost crashed out in the final stage. The mountains classification was won by Claudio Chiappucci, and the young rider classification by Álvaro Mejía.


1991 Tour de France, Teams
The 1991 Tour had a starting field of 22 teams of 9 cyclists. Sixteen teams qualified by being ranked in the top 16 of the FICP ranking for teams in May 1991. After the 1991 Giro d'Italia and the Dauphiné Libéré, the Tour organiser gave six additional wildcards.


1991 Tour de France, Teams
Of the 198 cyclists starting the race, 38 were riding the Tour de France for the first time. The average age of riders in the race was 28.30 years, ranging from the 21-year-old Dimitri Zhdanov (Panasonic–Sportlife) to the 36-year-old Gilbert Duclos-Lassalle (Z). The Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade cyclists had the youngest average age while the riders on Motorola had the oldest.


1991 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
Ahead of the 1991 Tour, defending champion Greg LeMond (Z) was considered the favourite to capture a fourth Tour victory, and third in a row. The Guardian's Stephen Bierley wrote that "it is excruciatingly difficult to make out a strong case for the Californian not to finish first in Paris". As had become the norm for LeMond, his early season results had been disappointing, since he chose to use those races as preparation for the Tour instead of trying to be competitive. He had dropped out of the Giro d'Italia and then finished 24th at the Tour de Suisse, one of the build-up races for the Tour de France.


1991 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
Gianni Bugno (Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade) was listed by The Guardian as LeMond's "greatest threat". Winner of the 1990 Giro d'Italia, he had finished the Italian Grand Tour fourth this year. In the 1990 Tour de France, he had finished seventh overall and won two stages, including one to the ski resort of L'Alpe d'Huez.


1991 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
The third major name to be considered a favourite was Erik Breukink (PDM–Concorde), third overall the year before. His strong abilities in individual time trials were counted as an advantage, having won one of them in the previous year's Tour. However, his tendency to experience one day of bad form in every Tour he had competed in so far was considered to be the major weakness he had to overcome.


1991 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
The previous year's runner-up, Claudio Chiappucci (Carrera Jeans–Tassoni), was also ranked among the contenders. Since his breakthrough performance in 1990, he had won the Milan–San Remo one-day race and finished second at the Giro d'Italia.


1991 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
In addition to LeMond, three more former winners started the 1991 Tour: Pedro Delgado (Banesto), the winner in 1988, had finished fourth in 1990, but commentators suspected that he might be past his prime. Laurent Fignon (Castorama–Raleigh), who had won the race in 1983 and 1984, had, like LeMond, retired from the Giro d'Italia and experienced an early season without major results. However, The Guardian described him as "extremely fit and unusually relaxed". Stephen Roche (Tonton Tapis–GB), winner in 1987, had won the Critérium International earlier in the season, but having finished the Tour in 1990 only 44th, was considered to mainly compete for stage wins.


1991 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
Other names listed as possible contenders for overall victory were Steve Bauer and Andrew Hampsten of Motorola, Raúl Alcalá (PDM–Concorde), Gert-Jan Theunisse (TVM–Sanyo), Steven Rooks (Buckler–Colnago–Decca), Charly Mottet (RMO), and Jean-François Bernard (Banesto).


1991 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
Bookmaker William Hill listed LeMond at 2-1 odds, followed by Bugno at 7-2, Breukink and Chiappucci at 6-1, and Delgado at 10-1.


1991 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
Olaf Ludwig (Panasonic–Sportlife), who had won the points classification the year before, was again considered the favourite for it going into the 1991 Tour.


1991 Tour de France, Route and stages
The highest point of elevation in the race was 2,115 m (6,939 ft) at the summit of the Col du Tourmalet mountain pass on stage 13.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
The prologue was won by specialist Thierry Marie, who also had won the prologue in the previous race. LeMond finished with the third-best time. In the first stage, a group of eleven cyclists escaped, including some cyclists aiming for the overall win: LeMond, Breukink, Rolf Sørensen and Kelly. Marie was not in this group, and thanks to time bonuses LeMond became the race leader. Later that day, the team time trial (stage 2) was run, won by Sørensen's team, and Sørensen became the new leader of the general classification.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
Sørensen kept the lead for a few stages, but in the fifth stage he fell (crashing into a traffic island) and broke his clavicle. He managed to finish the stage, but was unable to start the next stage, so the sixth stage started without a yellow jersey. In that sixth stage, Thierry Marie escaped early in the stage, and reached the finish alone, with a solo of 234 kilometres (145 mi), the third-longest post-war solo escape in the Tour de France.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
His margin to the rest was big enough to put him back in the top position of the general classification. The time trial in stage eight was won by Miguel Indurain, with LeMond in second place, only eight seconds slower. This was enough to make LeMond the new leader, with Breukink in second place. Stage 9 saw the first Brazilian, Mauro Ribeiro, to win a stage at the Tour de France.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
Before the tenth stage, two cyclists from PDM gave up. During that stage, two more gave up, and one came in late. The team revealed that the remaining four cyclists (including Breukink, Kelly and Alcala, ranked in the top ten of the general classification) were also sick, and the next morning the entire team abandoned. There were rumours that a doping program had gone wrong, but no official penalties were given. After the eleventh stage, there was a rest day, on which the cyclists were transferred from Nantes to Pau, by airplane. Urs Zimmermann had a fear of flying, so he refused to use the airplane. The jury then disqualified him, but after the other cyclists protested, he was allowed to use other means of transportation.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
The Tour entered the Pyrenees in the twelfth stage. A group escaped with some strong outsiders: Luc Leblanc, Charly Mottet and Pascal Richard. LeMond was unable to organise the chase, so the group stayed away until the finish. Mottet won the stage, and Leblanc became the new leader in the general classification, with LeMond now in second place.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
The thirteenth stage included even more climbs than the twelfth stage. LeMond escaped on the bottom of the Tourmalet, but Indurain chased him and reached him, taking other cyclists with him. Near the top of the Tourmalet, LeMond was unable to follow, and lost contact with the others. After the top, LeMond was able to get back on the descent, but in the meantime Indurain had escaped. LeMond tried to get back to Indurain, but was unable to do so. When they reached the start of the climb of the Col d'Aspin, LeMond was within sight of Indurain, but on the climb Indurain increased the distance.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
Claudio Chiappucci had escaped from the chasing group, and was getting close to Indurain. When Indurain heard this, he waited for Chiappucci; they then worked together to get away from LeMond. Chiappucci and Indurain stayed away until the finish; Chiappucci won the stage and Indurain became the new leader. LeMond finished that stage in ninth place, losing more than seven minutes.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
The next three stages were relatively flat, and normally no important changes in the general classification are expected. But LeMond did everything he could to win back time, and escaped on the sixteenth stage; finishing in second place, he won back almost half a minute.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
The seventeenth stage was in the Alps, with an uphill finish on l'Alpe d'Huez. Gianni Bugno won, closely followed by Indurain. LeMond lost two more minutes this stage. The eighteenth stage was the last mountainous stage, and in this stage LeMond lost almost seven minutes. Indurain was leading the race, three minutes before Gianni Bugno. Because a time trial, Indurain's specialty, was the last serious obstacle in the race, Indurain was almost sure of the victory. And indeed, Indurain won that time trial, so he won the Tour de France of 1991.


1991 Tour de France, Race overview
In the last stage, there was a crash on the Champs-Elysées, just before the finish, after Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, sprinting for the stage victory, hit a barrier. Abdoujaparov was leading the points classification, but had to finish the stage to win this classification. After fifteen minutes, he was able to get up and walk his bicycle across the finish line.


1991 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
There were several classifications in the 1991 Tour de France. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.


1991 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.


1991 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.


1991 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey in 1991. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.


1991 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time. The leaders of the team classification had previously worn yellow caps, but this was abandoned after the 1990 Tour.


1991 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass-start stage to the cyclist considered most combative. The decision was made by a jury composed of journalists who gave points. The cyclist with the most points from votes in all stages led the combativity classification. Claudio Chiappucci won this classification, and was given overall the super-combativity award. The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Tourmalet on stage 13. This prize was won by Chiappucci.


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11
The 1991 Tour de France was the 78th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Lyon with a prologue individual time trial on 6 July and Stage 11 occurred on 16 July with a flat stage to Saint-Herblain. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 28 July.


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Prologue
6 July 1991 — Lyon, 5.4 km (3.4 mi) (ITT)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 1
7 July 1991 — Lyon to Lyon, 114.5 km (71.1 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 2
7 July 1991 — Bron to Chassieu, 36.5 km (22.7 mi) (TTT)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 3
6 July 1991 — Villeurbanne to Dijon, 210.5 km (130.8 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 4
7 July 1991 — Dijon to Reims, 286 km (178 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 5
8 July 1991 — Reims to Valenciennes, 149.5 km (92.9 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 6
9 July 1991 — Arras to Le Havre, 259 km (161 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 7
10 July 1991 — Le Havre to Argentan, 167 km (104 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 8
11 July 1991 — Argentan to Alençon, 73 km (45 mi) (ITT)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 9
13 July 1991 — Alençon to Rennes, 161 km (100 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 10
14 July 1991 — Rennes to Quimper, 207.5 km (128.9 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 11
14 July 1991 — Quimper to Saint-Herblain, 246 km (153 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22
The 1991 Tour de France was the 78th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Lyon with a prologue individual time trial on 6 July and Stage 12 occurred on 18 July with a mountainous stage from Pau. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 28 July.


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 12
18 July 1991 — Pau to Jaca (Spain), 192 km (119.3 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 13
19 July 1991 — Jaca (Spain) to Val-Louron, 232 km (144.2 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 14
20 July 1991 — Saint-Gaudens to Castres, 172.5 km (107.2 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 15
21 July 1991 — Albi to Alès, 235 km (146 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 16
22 July 1991 — Alès to Gap, 215 km (134 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 17
23 July 1991 — Gap to Alpe d'Huez, 125 km (78 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 18
24 July 1991 — Le Bourg-d'Oisans to Morzine, 255 km (158 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 19
25 July 1991 — Morzine to Aix-les-Bains, 177 km (110 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 20
26 July 1991 — Aix-les-Bains to Mâcon, 160 km (99 mi)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 21
27 July 1991 — Lugny to Mâcon, 57 km (35 mi) (ITT)


1991 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 22, Stage 22
28 July 1991 — Melun to Paris Champs-Élysées, 178 km (111 mi)


1991 Tour de Romandie
The 1991 Tour de Romandie was the 45th edition of the Tour de Romandie cycle race and was held from 7 May to 12 May 1991. The race started in Chiasso and finished in Geneva. The race was won by Tony Rominger of the Toshiba team.


1991 Tour de Suisse
The 1991 Tour de Suisse was the 55th edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 18 June to 28 June 1991. The race started in St. Gallen and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Luc Roosen of the Tulip team.


1991 Tour du Haut Var
The 1991 Tour du Haut Var was the 23rd edition of the Tour du Haut Var cycle race and was held on 23 February 1991. The race started in Sainte-Maxime and finished in Roquebrune-sur-Argens. The race was won by Éric Caritoux.


1991 Tour of Britain
The 1991 Tour of Britain was the fifth edition of the Kellogg's Tour of Britain cycle race and was held from 6 August to 10 August 1991. The race started in Windsor and finished in Leeds. The race was won by Phil Anderson of the Motorola team.


1991 Tour of Flanders
The 75th running of the Tour of Flanders cycling classic was held on Sunday, 7 April 1991. Edwig Van Hooydonck won the race, his second after 1989. The race was the second leg of the UCI Road World Cup. 102 of 194 riders finished.


1991 Tour of Flanders, Race report
A group of 24 riders, containing all favourites, were in front after the Molenberg. Edwig Van Hooydonck, Johan Museeuw, Rolf Sørensen ad Rolf Gölz broke away on Tenbosse in Brakel. Van Hooydonck tried to drop his companions on the Muur van Geraardsbergen, before really going solo on the Bosberg, the ultimate climb of the day, and powering on to the finish. Museeuw won the sprint for second place before Sørensen. Sørensen was the new leader in the World Cup.


1991 Tour of Flanders, Route
The race started in Sint-Niklaas and finished in Meerbeke (Ninove) – totaling 261 km. The course featured 14 categorized climbs:


1991 Tour of the Basque Country
The 1991 Tour of the Basque Country was the 31st edition of the Tour of the Basque Country cycle race and was held from 8 April to 12 April 1991. The race started in Andoain and finished in Elgeta. The race was won by Claudio Chiappucci of the Carrera team.


1991 Trafford Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to Trafford Council were held on 2 May 1991. One-third of the council was up for election, with each successful candidate to serve a four-year term of office, expiring in 1995. The Conservative party retained overall control of the council.


1991 Trafford Metropolitan Borough Council election
After the election, the composition of the council was as follows:


1991 Trans America Athletic Conference Baseball Tournament
The 1991 Trans America Athletic Conference Baseball Tournament was held at Conrad Park on the campus of Stetson University in DeLand, Florida. This was the thirteenth tournament championship held by the Trans America Athletic Conference, in its thirteenth year of existence. FIU won their first tournament championship in their first year in the conference and earned the conference's automatic bid to the 1991 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament.


1991 Trans America Athletic Conference Baseball Tournament, Format and seeding
The top two finishers from each division by conference winning percentage qualified for the tournament, with the top seed from one division playing the second seed from the opposite in the first round.


1991 Trans America Athletic Conference Baseball Tournament, All-Tournament Team, Most Valuable Player
Kevin Lucero was named Tournament Most Valuable Player. Lucero was a pitcher for FIU.


1991 Trans-Am Series
The 1991 Liquid Tide Trans-Am Tour was the 26th season of the Sports Car Club of America's Trans-Am Series. It was the first season with competition from the sister SCCA Pro Racing World Challenge. 1991 was also the first season since 1979 to have a round outside of the United States and Canada, with a race in Mexico on the schedule that year. Oldsmobile, although very successful in 1991, would never again see success in Trans Am.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series
The 1991 Trans-Tasman Test series was an international rugby league test series played in Australia between Australia and New Zealand. The series, which started on 3 July in Melbourne and finished on 31 July in Brisbane, consisted of three test matches, with the third test doubling as a 1989–1992 Rugby League World Cup tournament match. New Zealand did not play in any other matches while on tour.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series
The test series was broadcast throughout Australia by the Seven Network with commentary provided by Pat Welsh, Roy Masters and Jon Harker. Paul Vautin provided sideline commentary during the first test in Melbourne but was replaced from the second test by Harker to allow Wally Lewis to join the team following his omission from the Australian test team. Also doing sideline reporting during the series was John Brady. The series was broadcast in New Zealand by TV3 with commentary provided by Australia's Graeme Hughes and former New Zealand and then-Manly-Warringah coach Graham Lowe.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, Australia
The Australians, coached by Bob Fulton and captained by Mal Meninga, had come out of the successful 1990 Kangaroo Tour, while all players selected for the three Kiwi tests had recently participated in the 1991 State of Origin series, won by Queensland 2–1 over New South Wales (Queensland were actually coached by former Kiwi test coach Graham Lowe). Queensland captain Wally Lewis made his return to the test team for the first test at Olympic Park, after missing most of 1990 and all that year's tests with torn hamstring and later a broken right forearm.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, Australia
Lewis had been controversially ruled out of the Kangaroo Tour by team doctor Nathan Gibbs. Melbourne would prove to be his final test in the Green and Gold, Lewis being one of four players dropped from the side after the 8–24 loss to the Kiwis (second row forward Bob Lindner, voted as the player of the Kangaroo Tour, also missed the final two tests after breaking his leg at Olympic Park).


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, Australia
The series saw the start of the international careers of Canberra Raiders hooker Steve Walters, who beat out Kangaroo incumbent and NSW captain Benny Elias for first test hooking role (Walters had actually been lucky to get the Qld hooking role as his younger brother, former test hooker Kerrod Walters, had been suspended), and wingers Willie Carne (Brisbane Broncos) and Rod Wishart (Illawarra Steelers), who made their debut in the second test in Sydney, with all three scoring tries on debut.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, Australia
Also making his Australian debut in Sydney was Eastern Suburbs front row forward Craig Salvatori, who played his only two career tests during the series. The series would be the last appearance in an Australian jumper of veteran test players Wally Lewis and Des Hasler as well as Penrith forward Mark Geyer. Giant (6'6" (197 cm)) Broncos and Queensland fullback Paul Hauff, the tallest ever recorded fullback in Australian premiership history, made his only appearance in an Australian jumper in the first test after starring for Qld in the Origin series. It was to be his only test however, with Andrew Ettingshausen preferred for the final two tests.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, New Zealand
The New Zealand test team was coached by Bob Bailey and captained by Balmain Tigers halfback Gary Freeman, who had actually been dropped to Reserve Grade at the time by Tigers (and former Australian Wallabies) coach Alan Jones. The Kiwis came into the series on the back of a two-test series win over France, and consisted of players playing in New Zealand, Australia and in the UK, while the Australian team consisted of players only from the Winfield Cup.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, New Zealand
Goal kicking Wigan-based utility back Frano Botica, who had made his Kiwi debut in the first test against France, was the Kiwis fullback for the three tests. Australian coach Bob Fulton rated Botica as good as any fullback in the Winfield Cup. The only Kiwi on debut in Melbourne was Christchurch-born, South Sydney Rabbitohs winger Jason Williams, playing the first of 12 career tests.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, New Zealand
The Kiwis were managed by Ray Haffenden. Unlike the Australians whose squad all played in the NSWRL premiership, the Kiwis squad for the tour included those playing in New Zealand, Australia and England. The Kiwis squad was: Gary Freeman (Balmain), Richie Blackmore (Castleford), Frano Botica (Wigan) Peter Brown (Halifax), Clayton Friend (Carlisle), Kevin Iro (Manly-Warringah), Tony Kemp (Newcastle), Emosi Koloto (Widnes), Dean Lonergan (Auckland), Duane Mann (Warrington), George Mann (St. Helens), Jarrod McCracken (Canterbury-Bankstown), Gary Mercer (Warrington), Tawera Nikau (Castleford), Mike Patton (Glenora), Brent Todd (Canberra), Dave Watson (Halifax) and Jason Williams (South Sydney).


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, New Zealand
Several ex-rugby union players playing in the Winfield Cup, including former All Blacks John Schuster (Newcastle), Matthew Ridge (Manly-Warringah) and Kurt Sherlock (Eastern Suburbs), as well as Daryl Halligan (North Sydney), were unavailable due to a dispute between their respective clubs and the NZRL over compensation, though Manly and Newcastle and the NZRL did manage to come to an agreement over Kevin Iro (who had only joined the Sea Eagles a month before the series) and Tony Kemp respectively. Despite the unavailability of Winfield Cup 'superboots' Ridge and Halligan, the Kiwis lost nothing in goal kicking due to the selection of Wigan 'superboot' Frano Botica.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, New Zealand
With around-the-corner style kicker Botica doing the goal kicking for New Zealand, and Australia relying on the older style (and less accurate) toe-poke style of kicking employed by captain Mal Meninga, goal kicking was one area where the Kiwis were thought to have an advantage over the Australian's going into the series.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, First Test
The first test of the 1991 series was also the first-ever rugby league test match to be played in Australia not held in either New South Wales or Queensland.


1991 Trans-Tasman Test series, First Test
New Zealand pulled off an upset 24–8 win in front of 26,900 fans in Melbourne, beating the Australians in their first test at home for the third straight time following a successful Kangaroo Tour after also defeating the Kangaroos at Lang Park in both 1983 and 1987.