1990 Scottish Cup Final
The 1990 Scottish Cup Final was the 105th final of the Scottish Cup, Scottish football's most prestigious knock-out association football competition. The match took place at Hampden Park on 12 May 1990 and was contested by Scottish Premier Division clubs Aberdeen and Celtic. It was Aberdeen's 13th and Celtic's 45th Scottish Cup Final. The clubs had previously met at the same stage of the tournament on five occasions. Celtic were the defending champions of the competition from the previous two seasons having defeated Rangers and Dundee United respectively.


1990 Scottish Cup Final
As Scottish Premier Division clubs, Aberdeen and Celtic both entered the competition in the third round. Aberdeen won all of its four fixtures before the final on its first attempt whilst Celtic needed one replay to see off Premier Division club Dunfermline Athletic in the quarter-finals. Aberdeen knocked out Division One clubs Partick Thistle and Morton before defeating Premier Division clubs Heart of Midlothian and Dundee United before the final. Celtic also defeated two Division One clubs as well as Old Firm and Premier Division rivals Rangers in the fourth round.


1990 Scottish Cup Final
The match was Celtic's 45th appearance in the final while it was Aberdeen's 13th. Both clubs had met in the final on five occasions beforehand  in 1937, 1954, 1967, 1970 and 1984 with Celtic winning three over Aberdeen's two. Celtic had previously won the tournament 29 times whilst Aberdeen only six times, four coming in the previous nine seasons. Aberdeen were favourites to win the match on this occasion having finished well ahead of Celtic in the league, and having beaten the Glasgow side 3–1 at Parkhead a mere ten days earlier.


1990 Scottish Cup Final
Aberdeen won the match 9–8 on penalties after a 0–0 draw over 90 minutes of normal play and 30 minutes of extra-time. With the shoot-out poised at 3-4 Celtic bound striker Charlie Nicholas was required to score to send the shoot-out to Sudden Death. After a further 8 consecutive successful penalty kicks Celtic's Anton Rogan missed the penultimate kick, allowing Brian Irvine to win the tie and claim Aberdeen's seventh Scottish Cup victory.


1990 Scottish League Cup Final
The 1990 Scottish League Cup Final was played on 28 October 1990 at Hampden Park in Glasgow and was the final of the 45th Scottish League Cup (Skol Cup). The final was an Old Firm derby contested by Celtic and Rangers. Rangers won the match 2–1 thanks to goals from Richard Gough and Mark Walters.


1990 Scottish Masters
The 1990 Regal Scottish Masters was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 12 and 16 September 1990 at the Motherwell Civic Centre in Motherwell, Scotland.


1990 Scottish Masters
Stephen Hendry won the tournament by defeating Terry Griffiths 10–6 in the final.


1990 Scottish National Party leadership election
There was a Scottish National Party leadership election to choose the new leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) in 1990. The election followed the announcement by SNP Leader Gordon Wilson, that he would not seek re-nomination as party leader.


1990 Scottish National Party leadership election
Two candidates presented themselves for election. Alex Salmond, the party's depute leader and Member of Parliament for Banff and Buchan, and Margaret Ewing,  MP for Moray, who had served as depute leader until 1987. Both candidates were seen as being on the left-wing of the party.


1990 Scottish National Party leadership election
Jim Sillars, the party's other Westminster MP, supported Ewing. Although Ewing's official campaign remained positive, Silllars created an unofficial group of Ewing supporters who were highly critical of Salmond.


1990 Scottish National Party leadership election
The result of the election was announced at the party conference, held in Perth on 22 September. Salmond won the election by 486 votes to 186, a larger-than-expected margin.


1990 Scottish regional elections
Regional elections were held in Scotland on Thursday 3 May 1990, as part of the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, and were the first test of public opinion on the Community Charge, which had been introduced in Scotland in 1989.


1990 Scottish regional elections, Party performance
The Labour Party dominated the election, gaining the most seats and votes, even though their total vote was slightly down compared with 1986. This was the last election fought under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher, and her Conservative Party suffered a decline of 13 seats, mainly due to the introduction of the unpopular Poll Tax in 1989. The Conservative Government had recently given tax concessions to ratepayers in England and Wales, excluding Scotland, with criticism extended in particular to then-Secretary of State for Scotland Malcolm Rifkind, who was portrayed to not care about the interests of Scotland.


1990 Scottish regional elections, Party performance
The newly formed Social and Liberal Democrats (a merger of the SDP and Liberals) fared badly, dropping 6.4% of the vote that the Alliance had took at the previous election. Despite this, they stayed stationary on 40 seats. The Scottish National Party, once again the second-largest party in terms of vote share, benefitted from modest gains to take almost  22% of the vote. The Scottish Greens gained their first ever councillor in the Highland region. Turnout was marginally up 0.3% to 45.9%.


1990 Seattle Mariners season
The 1990 Seattle Mariners season was the 14th for the Seattle Mariners in Major League Baseball. Under second-year manager Jim Lefebvre, they finished fifth in the American League West  at 77–85 (.475). It was the second-best record in the  M's short history; the win total was one behind the club record set in 1987. The Mariners hit six grand slams, the most in MLB in 1990.


1990 Seattle Mariners season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1990 Seattle Seahawks season
The 1990 Seattle Seahawks season was the team's 15th season with the National Football League. The team improved on its 7–9 record from 1989, finishing 9–7. Despite the winning record, the team missed the postseason.


1990 Seattle Seahawks season
Seattle would start the season 0–3 before abandoning the run and shoot offense installed before the season and returning to the "Ground Chuck" Offense. Upon becoming a run-first offense again, RB Derrick Fenner led the AFC in rushing and total touchdowns with 14 (tied with Los Angeles Rams RB Cleveland Gary) and finishing second in the NFL in total touchdowns (leading the AFC in that category) with 15 (one behind Detroit Lions RB Barry Sanders, 16 total touchdowns).


1990 Seattle Seahawks season
The return to "Ground Chuck" led to them upsetting the Cincinnati Bengals at home on Monday Night Football 31–16 to pick up their first win of the season. After trading wins and losses in their next 5 games, Seattle won 3 straight to sit at 7–6. However, a loss to the Miami Dolphins hurt the Seahawks hopes for a playoff berth.


1990 Seattle Seahawks season
They won their final 2 games of the season against the Denver Broncos and Lions to finish 9–7, but were eliminated after the Houston Oilers (led by backup QB Cody Carlson subbing for an injured Warren Moon) defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers on the final Sunday Night Football game of 1990. Due to conference record tiebreakers, Houston's win sent the Oilers and Cincinnati Bengals to the playoffs while a Pittsburgh win would've sent the Seahawks and Steelers to the postseason. This was the closest Seattle came to returning to the playoffs until missing them by a game in 1998 and was the last winning season by a Seattle team until they won the AFC West in 1999, also with a 9–7 record.


1990 Seattle Seahawks season
This was the first Seahawks season without original member Steve Largent, who retired at the end of the previous season. This season is also notable for Kansas City Chiefs linebacker Derrick Thomas sacking Seahawks quarterback Dave Krieg an NFL record 7 times in a single game. Despite this the Seahawks managed to pull out the win when Krieg broke free of what would have been another Thomas sack to throw the game winning touchdown to receiver Paul Skansi.


1990 Seattle Seahawks season
Seattle's 1990 NFL Draft is notable in that they not only acquired a future Hall of Famer in Cortez Kennedy but they grabbed multiple time Pro Bowl RB Chris Warren in the 4th Round. Warren would play in Seattle until the end of the 1997 Season becoming Seattle's all-time leading rusher on his final carry as a Seahawk, passing Seahawks Ring of Honor member Curt Warner with 6,706 to Warner's 6,705 (since broken by Shaun Alexander's 9,429 Rushing Yards as a Seahawk). In addition, they got Pro Bowl defensive back Robert Blackmon and defensive mainstay Terry Wooden.


1990 Seattle Seahawks season, Schedule, Regular season
Divisional matchups have the AFC West playing the NFC Central.


1990 Seattle Seahawks season, Game Summaries
Even though the Seahawks did not qualify for the playoffs, their most memorable moment during the season was in the final seconds against the Kansas City Chiefs when Dave Krieg threw a game-winning touchdown pass to Paul Skansi.


1990 Segunda División de Chile
The 1990 Segunda División de Chile was the 39th season of the Segunda División de Chile.


1990 Senior League World Series
The 1990 Senior League World Series took place from August 12–18 in Kissimmee, Florida, United States. Taipei, Taiwan defeated Danville, California in the championship game. It was Taiwan's third straight title.


1990 Senior League World Series
In an effort to boost attendance, the Host team was re-introduced.


1990 Senior PGA Tour
The 1990 Senior PGA Tour was the 11th season since the Senior PGA Tour officially began in 1980 (it was renamed the Champions Tour in October 2002 and has been known as PGA Tour Champions since the 2016 season). The season consisted of 38 official money events with purses totalling $17,800,000, including four majors. Lee Trevino won the most tournaments, seven. The tournament results, leaders, and award winners are listed below.


1990 Senior PGA Tour, Tournament results
The following table shows all the official money events for the 1990 season. "Date" is the ending date of the tournament. The numbers in parentheses after the winners' names are the number of wins they had on the tour up to and including that event. Senior majors are shown in bold. Golfers winning on their Senior PGA Tour debut are shown in italics.


1990 Serbian constitutional referendum
A referendum on adopting a new constitution before the elections was held in the Socialist Republic of Serbia on 2 July 1990. Following the approval of the proposal by 97.25% of voters, the Serbian parliament promulgated a new constitution on 28 September. Elections were subsequently held on 9 December.


1990 Serbian general election
General elections were held in the Socialist Republic of Serbia, a constituent federal unit of SFR Yugoslavia, in December 1990.


1990 Serbian general election
The presidential elections and the first round of the parliamentary elections were held on 9 December, whilst a second round of the parliamentary elections was held on 23 December 1990.


1990 Serbian general election, Background
The elections were boycotted by political parties  of ethnic Kosovo Albanians, who made up around 17% of the population. As a result of the boycott, Kosovo was Milošević's strongest area of support.


1990 Serbian general election, Results
Slobodan Milošević of the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) won the presidential elections, becoming the first elected President of Serbia. whilst the SPS won 194 of the 250 seats in the National Assembly. Opposition parties accused the SPS of voting irregularities. 7,033,610 citizens had the right to vote, 5,029,123 (71.50%) went to the polls. There were 169,461 invalid ballots (3.37%). A large number of candidates competed for the position of President of Serbia, as many as 32.


1990 Sheffield City Council election
Elections to Sheffield City Council were held on 4 May 1990. One third of the council was up for election.


1990 Sheffield City Council election, Election result
This result had the following consequences for the total number of seats on the Council after the elections:


1990 Shetland Islands Council election
An election to the Shetland Islands Council was held on 3 May 1990 as part of regional elections. Independents maintained control of the 25 seat council. The Shetland Movement gained one seat, bringing their total to six. Only 11 seats were contested, with 14 candidates elected unopposed.


1990 Shoot-Out
The 1990 Shoot-Out was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place in September 1990 at Trentham Gardens in Stoke-on-Trent, England.


1990 Shoot-Out
Darren Morgan won the tournament, defeating Mike Hallett 2–1 in the final. All other matches were decided by a single frame.


1990 Shoot-Out, Century breaks
Only one century break was made during the tournament. The second-highest break was 93, compiled by Willie Thorne.


1990 Skate America
The 1990 Skate America was held at the Memorial Auditorium in Buffalo, New York. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.


1990 Skate Canada International
The 1990 Skate Canada International was held in Lethbridge, Alberta on October 25–28. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, ice dancing, men's interpretive, ladies' interpretive, and four skating.


1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament
The 1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 3rd edition of the event known that year as the SkyDome World Tennis Tournament (previously held twice in 1985 and 1986), and was part of the ATP Championship Series, double-week events of the 1990 ATP Tour, running concurrently with the 1990 Belgian Indoor Championships. It took place at the SkyDome in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from February 12 to February 18, 1990. First-seeded Ivan Lendl won the singles title.


1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament, Finals, Doubles
Patrick Galbraith /  David Macpherson defeated  Neil Broad /  Kevin Curren, 2–6, 6–4, 6–3


1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament – Doubles
Wojciech Fibak and Joakim Nyström were the champions of the event when it last took place, in 1986. Neither of them participated in 1990.Patrick Galbraith and David Macpherson won the title, defeating Neil Broad and Kevin Curren 2–6, 6–4, 6–3, in the final.


1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament – Doubles, Seeds
The top four seeds receive a bye into the second round.


1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament – Singles
Joakim Nyström was the champion of the event when it last took place, in 1986. He did not participate in 1990.Ivan Lendl won the title, defeating Tim Mayotte 6–3, 6–0, in the final.


1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament – Singles, Seeds
The top eight seeds receive a bye into the second round.


1990 Sligo Intermediate Football Championship
This is a round-up of the 1990 Sligo Intermediate Football Championship. Easkey were Champions for the third time in this year, after defeating Calry/St. Joseph's in the final.


1990 Sligo Senior Football Championship
This is a round-up of the 1990 Sligo Senior Football Championship. Shamrock Gaels claimed their first ever senior title in this year, in their first final appearance, defeating fellow outsiders Curry in the process. This year's final was the first which Tubbercurry did not contest since 1982.


1990 Sligo Senior Football Championship, Sligo Senior Football Championship Final
Team:P. KearinsB. DeignanM. TouhyM. ConlonJ. KearinsN. WillisT. McDermottG. BallantyneJ. WhiteJ. Kenny (1-1)L. Quinn (0-3)B. Mulhern (0-1)C. Kearins (1-0)T. Deignan (1-0)E. Deignan (0-2)


1990 Sligo Senior Football Championship, Sligo Senior Football Championship Final
Team:T. GannonM. MarrenP. DurcanP. HayesF. HenryM. HayesP.J. BurkeJ. StensonM. HaranT. Howley (0-1)E. Henry (0- 2)D. HenryP. BeirneA. Colleary (0-1)J. Henry (0-3)


1990 Slovak parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Slovakia on 8 and 9 June 1990 alongside federal elections. They were the first elections after the Velvet Revolution, and the first free elections since 1946. The Public Against Violence (VPN) party emerged as the largest in the Slovak National Council, winning 48 of the 150 seats. In the aftermath of the election, Vladimír Mečiar of the VPN formed a grand coalition with the Christian Democratic Movement (KDH). After a conflict leading to the dissolution of the VPN, the first Mečiar cabinet was brought down by a vote of non-confidence in the parliament. Ján Čarnogurský of the KDH became the new Prime Minister in April 1991.


1990 Slovak parliamentary election, Electoral system
These were the only elections with a 3% electoral threshold; it was raised to 5% for the 1992 elections.


1990 Slovenian independence referendum
EU Member State(Eurozone Member State)(Schengen Area Member State)NATO Member StateCouncil of Europe Member StateOECD Member State


1990 Slovenian independence referendum
An independence referendum was held in the Republic of Slovenia on 23 December 1990. Both the ruling center-right coalition and the left-wing opposition supported the referendum and called on voters to support Slovenian independence.


1990 Slovenian independence referendum
The voters were asked the question: "Should the Republic of Slovenia become an independent and sovereign state?" (Slovene: Ali naj Republika Slovenija postane samostojna in neodvisna država?). The Slovenian parliament set a threshold for the validity of the plebiscite at 50% and one of all electors (the absolute majority).


1990 Slovenian independence referendum, Results
On 26 December the results of the referendum were officially proclaimed by France Bučar in the Assembly. 88.5% of eligible voters (94.8% of those participating) had voted in favour of independence, therefore exceeding the threshold. 4.0% had voted against independence, while 0.9% had cast invalid ballots, and 0.1% had returned their ballots unused. 6.5% of electors did not participate in the elections.


1990 Slovenian independence referendum, Results
Bučar's announcement obliged the Slovenian authorities to declare the independence of the country within six months. On 25 June 1991 the Basic Constitutional Charter on the Sovereignty and Independence of the Republic  of Slovenia was passed and independence was declared the following day, leading to the Ten-Day War.


1990 Slovenian independence referendum, Results
42,274 people could not vote, because they worked abroad or were involved in military service or military exercises, and were not counted in the calculation of results.


1990 Slovenian parliamentary election
EU Member State(Eurozone Member State)(Schengen Area Member State)NATO Member StateCouncil of Europe Member StateOECD Member State


1990 Slovenian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Republic of Slovenia in April 1990. They were the first direct elections held in Slovenia since World War II, and the first relatively free elections held there since 1925. It was actually a transitional election leading to the country's first fully democratic election on 6 December 1992, by which time Slovenia had already gained its independence.


1990 Slovenian parliamentary election
On 8 April 1990, 80 delegates were elected to the Sociopolitical Chamber and 80 delegates to the Chamber of Communes of the Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia. On 12 April 1990, 80 delegates to the Chamber of Associated Labour were elected. More than 55% of the vote for the Sociopolitical Chamber went to the DEMOS coalition, formed by newly established parties of the Slovenian Spring. The United List of Social Democrats emerged as the largest party in the Sociopolitical Chamber, winning 14 seats.


1990 Slovenian presidential election
EU Member State(Eurozone Member State)(Schengen Area Member State)NATO Member StateCouncil of Europe Member StateOECD Member State


1990 Slovenian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Slovenia on 8 April 1990, with a second round on 22 April. Voters elected the four members of the presidency and the President of the presidency. Ciril Zlobec, Ivan Oman, Matjaž Kmecl and Dušan Plut were elected to the presidency, whilst Milan Kučan was elected President in the second round.


1990 Slovenian presidential election, Electoral system
The four members of the presidency were elected by plurality-at-large voting, with voters able to vote for four candidates. The four candidates with the most votes were elected.


1990 Smithfield state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Smithfield on 23 June 1990 because of the resignation of Janice Crosio (Labor) to successfully contest the 1990 federal election for Prospect.


1990 Smithfield state by-election
The Smithfield by-election was held the same day as the Heffron and Granville by-elections.


1990 Solheim Cup
The inaugural Solheim Cup competition took place in Orlando, Florida, United States at Lake Nona Golf & Country Club from November 16 to November 18, 1990. The United States team beat the European team 111⁄2 points to 41⁄2.


1990 Solheim Cup, Format
A total of 16 points were available. Day 1 was four rounds of foursomes. Day 2 was four rounds of fourball matches. The final 8 points were decided in a round of singles matchplay. All eight golfers from each team played on each day.


1990 Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council election
The Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council elections were held on Thursday, 3 May 1990, with one third of the council to be elected. There had been a number of by-elections the previous year, with the net result being Liberal Democrat gains from the Conservatives in Shirley East and the Independent Ratepayers & Residents in Packwood. The Conservatives narrowly retained control of the council. Voter turnout was 49.5%.


1990 Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council election, Election result
This result had the following consequences for the total number of seats on the council after the elections:


1990 Sonoma State Cossacks football team
The 1990 Sonoma State Cossacks football team represented Sonoma State during the 1990 NCAA Division II football season. Sonoma State competed in the Northern California Athletic Conference in 1990.


1990 Sonoma State Cossacks football team
The 1990 Cossacks were led by second-year head coach Tim Walsh. They played home games at Cossacks Stadium in Rohnert Park, California. Sonoma State finished the season with a record of seven wins and three losses (7–3, 5–0 NCAC). The Cossacks outscored their opponents 290–156 for the season.


1990 Sonoma State Cossacks football team, Team players in the NFL
No Sonoma State players were selected in the 1991 NFL Draft.


1990 Soul Train Music Awards
The 1990 Soul Train Music Awards  was held at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California and aired live in select cities on March 14, 1990 (and was later syndicated in other areas), honoring the best in R&B, soul, rap, jazz, and gospel music from the previous year. The show was hosted by Patti LaBelle, Luther Vandross and Dionne Warrick.


1990 South American Cross Country Championships
The 1990 South American Cross Country Championships took place on February 11, 1990. The races were held in Caracas, Venezuela.


1990 South American Cross Country Championships
Complete results, results for junior and youth competitions, and medal winners were published.


1990 South American Cross Country Championships, Participation
According to an unofficial count, 26 athletes from 3 countries participated.


1990 South American Games
The IV South American Games (Spanish: Juegos Sudamericanos; Portuguese: Jogos Sul-Americanos) were a multi-sport event held in 1990 in Lima, Peru, with some events in Arequipa (cycling and weightlifting) and Trujillo (artistic gymnastics and taekwondo). The Games were organized by the South American Sports Organization (ODESUR). An appraisal of the games and detailed medal lists were publishedelsewhere,emphasizing the results of the Argentinian teams.


1990 South American Games
The games were officially opened by Peruvian president Alberto Fujimori. Torch lighter at the Estadio Nacional del Perúwas Olympic silver medalist, volleyball player Cecilia Tait.


1990 South American Games
Colombia rather preferred to participate at the Central American and Caribbean Games at Ciudad de México taking place almost at the same time, and sent no athletes. Venezuela also preferred to participate at the Central American and Caribbean Games, but sent at least a small contingent of 56 athletes.


1990 South American Games, Medal count
The medal count for these Games is tabulated below. This table is sorted by the number of gold medals earned by each country. The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next, and then the number of bronze medals.


1990 South American Games, Sports, Notes
†:  The male judo competition was reserved to junior representatives (U-20).


1990 South American Games, Sports, Notes
‡: The bowling competition was reserved to junior representatives (U-20).


1990 South American Junior Championships in Athletics
The 22nd South American Junior Championships in Athletics were held in Bogotá, Colombia, at the Estadio El Campín from July 13–15, 1990.


1990 South American Junior Championships in Athletics, Participation (unofficial)
Detailed result lists can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website. An unofficial count yields the number of about 250 athletes from about 10 countries:  Argentina (20), Bolivia (3), Brazil (54), Chile (22), Colombia (50), Ecuador (40), Panama (10), Paraguay (2), Peru (15), Venezuela (34).


1990 South American Junior Championships in Athletics, Medal summary
Medal winners are published for men and womenComplete results can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website.


1990 South American Youth Championships in Athletics
The 10th South American Youth Championships in Athletics were held in Lima, Peru, between November 22–24, 1990.


1990 South American Youth Championships in Athletics, Medal summary
Medal winners are published for boys and girls. Complete results can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website.


1990 South American Youth Championships in Athletics, Participation (unofficial)
Detailed result lists can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website. An unofficial count yields the number of about 196 athletes from about 10 countries:


1990 South Carolina Gamecocks football team
The 1990 South Carolina Gamecocks football team represented the University of South Carolina as an independent team in the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Gamecocks were led by Sparky Woods in his second year as head coach.


1990 South Carolina Gamecocks football team, Roster
Bobby Fuller* QBWright Mitchell QBMike Dingle* RBKen Watson* RBRob DeBoer RBAlbert Haynes RBTerry Wilburn RBLeroy Jeter RBFrank Adams RBEddie Miller* WRRobert Brooks* WRGeorge Rush WRDavid Pitchko WRMario Henry WRBralyn Bennett WRCarl Platt WRBill Zorr WRDarren Greene WRCharles Steward* TEMike Whitman TEMatthew Campbell TEMathew Campbell TEHal Hamrick* OLIke Harris* OLJay Killen* OLAntoine Rivens* OLCalvin Stephens* OLScott Cooley OLRich Sweet OLGerald Dixon* DLMarty Dye* DLCorey Miller* DLKurt Wilson* DLCedric Bembery DLErnest Dixon* LBPatrick Hinton* LBJoe Reaves* LBEric Brown LBKeith Emmons LBLeon Harris* DBKeith McDonald* DBCedric Surratt* DBAntonio Walker* DBBru Pender DB


1990 South Carolina Gamecocks football team, References, Additional sources
This article about a sports team in South Carolina is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1990 South Carolina State Bulldogs football team
The 1990 South Carolina State Bulldogs football team represented South Carolina State University as a member of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) during the 1990 NCAA Division I-AA football season.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election
The 1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1990 to select the governor of the state of South Carolina. Governor Carroll A. Campbell Jr., the popular Republican incumbent, handily defeated Democrat Theo Mitchell to become only the second governor at the time elected to a second consecutive four-year term.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
Ever since the passage of the Voting Rights Act and other civil rights legislation in the 1960s, black participation in the Democratic Party grew while the role of the whites diminished. This became evident in the 1988 U.S. Presidential election when Jesse Jackson, a black civil rights activist from Greenville, was chosen by South Carolina Democrats as their nominee for president. His nomination hastened the exodus of whites from the Democratic Party, but it also gave hope to blacks across the state that they could win a statewide office. Theo Mitchell, a black state senator from Greenville, sought to capitalize on the changing demographics of the state Democratic primary by indicating his intentions of seeking the governorship in April 1989.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
In January 1990, Mitchell formally announced his candidacy for governor at a bus station named for him in Greenville. State Senator Ernie Passailaigue of Charleston entered the lackluster race in March 1990, but was widely unknown outside of Charleston and he failed to generate any excitement from the voters or the media. Other prominent state Democrats saw the race as unwinnable because of Governor Campbell's popularity and chose not to run for governor.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
As a result of the apathy of the voters and the declining participation of whites, turnout was light for the state Democratic primary on June 12. Mitchell easily defeated Passailaigue because black voters dominated the primary and they overwhelmingly cast their vote for Mitchell. He made political history by becoming the first black in South Carolina to be nominated by a major political party for the office of governor.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Republican primary
Governor Carroll A. Campbell, Jr. faced no opposition from South Carolina Republicans and avoided a primary election.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Campaign
After his win in the Democratic primary, Theo Mitchell came out swinging against Governor Campbell. He accused Campbell of lying to him in 1988 because he said that Campbell had told him that he would first appoint a black to the State Board of Corrections. Campbell replied that it was a mix-up and instead named a white to the board, although he did later appoint a black to the board. Mitchell also accused Campbell of taking on a "dictatorial role" as governor because of his inaccessibility and said that Campbell was vulnerable on the issues of hazardous waste, auto insurance, and education. The proposals made by Mitchell for the election were:


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Campaign
Governor Campbell stressed throughout the campaign his achievements in office, such as his leadership during Hurricane Hugo and his role in luring BMW to build a manufacturing plant in Greer. The one issue that he hoped to accomplish in a second term was the restructuring of state government for the first time since 1895. He had stated that there were four branches of government in South Carolina: the executive, legislative, judicial and bureaucracy. Campbell desired to reform state government so that it would operate for the people and not the special interests.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Campaign
Mitchell committed a grave gaffe in September when he referred to Campbell's black supporters as "house niggers" and "black prostitutes who have sold out their race, their dignity, their honor and their integrity." He refused to apologize for the remarks and Campbell cancelled a planned televised debate with Mitchell. The quote and the loss of exposure from a televised debate ultimately doomed Mitchell's quixotic candidacy for governor.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Election results
The general election was held on November 6, 1990, and Carroll A. Campbell, Jr. was reelected overwhelmingly as governor of South Carolina. The defeat marked the second largest loss by a Democratic nominee for governor in the state of South Carolina and the largest loss since Reconstruction. Turnout was less than the previous gubernatorial election because of the uncompetitive nature of the race.


1990 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Election results
Political commentators said that the huge loss was a result of Mitchell's combative style and his inability to curry support from the white power brokers of the Democratic Party. Consequently, Mitchell lacked the funding to mount an effective campaign against Governor Campbell. Mitchell had to travel by van for long hours to campaign functions and carry his own lectern whereas Campbell and his entourage traversed the state in two planes.


1990 South Dakota gubernatorial election
The 1990 South Dakota gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 1990, to elect a Governor of South Dakota. Republican Governor George S. Mickelson was re-elected, defeating Democratic nominee Bob L. Samuelson. As of 2021, this is the last time Oglala County and Todd County voted for a Republican gubernatorial candidate. Mickelson died in a plane crash near Zwingle, Iowa on April 19, 1993.


1990 Southeastern Conference Baseball Tournament
The 1990 Southeastern Conference Baseball Tournament was held at the Hoover Metropolitan Stadium in Hoover, Alabama from May 17 through May 20. LSU and Mississippi State were declared co-champions the tournament as a result of a weather-cancelled championship game.


1990 Southern Conference Baseball Tournament
The 1990 Southern Conference Baseball Tournament was held at College Park in Charleston, SC from April 26 through April 29. Top seeded The Citadel won the tournament and earned the Southern Conference's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament en route to their appearance in the 1990 College World Series. It was the Bulldogs first tournament win.


1990 Southern Conference Baseball Tournament
The tournament used a double-elimination format. All seven teams participated, with the top seed receiving a single bye.


1990 Southern Conference Baseball Tournament
The 1990 event was the first of nineteen consecutive SoCon tournaments held in Charleston; first at College Park, then at Joseph P. Riley, Jr. Park beginning with that stadium's opening in 1997.


1990 Southern Conference Baseball Tournament, All-Tournament Team
The 1990 event was the first at which an All-Tournament team was named.


1990 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament took place from March 2–4, 1990 at the Asheville Civic Center in Asheville, North Carolina. The East Tennessee State Buccaneers, led by head coach Les Robinson, won their second Southern Conference title and received the automatic berth to the 1990 NCAA Tournament.


1990 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
All of the conference's eight members were eligible for the tournament. Teams were seeded based on conference winning percentage. The tournament used a preset bracket consisting of three rounds.


1990 Southern Illinois Salukis football team
The 1990 Southern Illinois Salukis football team was an American football team that represented Southern Illinois University (now known as Southern Illinois University Carbondale) in the Gateway Collegiate Athletic Conference (GCAC) during the 1990 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Under second-year head coach Bob Smith, the team compiled a 2–9 record (1–5 against conference opponents) and tied for sixth place in the conference. The team played its home games at McAndrew Stadium in Carbondale, Illinois.


1990 Southern Miss Golden Eagles football team
The 1990 Southern Miss Golden Eagles football team was an American football team that represented the University of Southern Mississippi as an independent during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their third year under head coach Curley Hallman, the team compiled an 8–4 record and lost the 1990 All-American Bowl. The Golden Eagles had one of the biggest upsets of the college football season when they beat the Alabama Crimson Tide by a score of 27–24. Another upset followed later in the season when the Golden Eagles beat the Auburn Tigers by a score of 13–12.


1990 Southland Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Southland Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 5–7 at Fant-Ewing Coliseum in Monroe, Louisiana.


1990 Southland Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
Northeast Louisiana defeated North Texas in the championship game, 84–68, to win their first Southland men's basketball tournament.


1990 Southland Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The Warhawks received a bid to the 1990 NCAA Tournament as the #15 seed in the Midwest region.


1990 Southland Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
All seven of the conference's members participated in the tournament field. They were seeded based on regular season conference records, with the top team earning a bye into the semifinal round. The other six teams began play in the quarterfinal round.


1990 Southland Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
Games in the quarterfinal round were played at the home court of the higher-seeded team. All remaining games were played at Fant-Ewing Coliseum in Monroe, Louisiana.


1990 Southwark London Borough Council election
Elections to Southwark Council were held in May 1990. The whole council was up for election. Turnout was 36.0%.


1990 Southwark London Borough Council election, Ward results, Browning
Winston Stafford was a sitting councillor for St Giles ward


1990 Southwark London Borough Council election, Ward results, Dockyard
Michael Geater was a sitting councillor for St Giles ward


1990 Southwark London Borough Council election, Ward results, Waverley
Pamela Smith was a sitting councillor for The Lane ward


1990 Southwark London Borough Council election, By-Elections
The by-election was called following the death of Cllr. John E. Maurice.


1990 Southwest Conference Baseball Tournament
The 1990 Southwest Conference Baseball Tournament was the league's annual postseason tournament used to determine the Southwest Conference's (SWC) automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament. The tournament was held from May 17 through May 19 at Disch–Falk Field on the campus of The University of Texas in Austin, TX.


1990 Southwest Conference Baseball Tournament
The number 2 seed Texas Longhorns went 3-0 to win the team's 9th SWC Tournament under head coach Cliff Gustafson.


1990 Southwest Conference Baseball Tournament, Format and seeding
The tournament featured the top four finishers of the SWC's 8 teams in a double-elimination tournament.


1990 Southwest Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Southwest Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 10-0, 1990 at Reunion Arena in Dallas, TX.


1990 Southwest Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
Number 1 seed Arkansas defeated 2 seed Houston 96-84 to win their 5th championship and receive the conference's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Tournament.


1990 Southwest Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format and Seeding
The tournament consisted of the top 8 teams playing in a single-elimination tournament.


1990 Southwest Conference Women's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Southwest Conference Women's Basketball Tournament was held March 7-10, 1990 at Moody Coliseum in Dallas, TX.


1990 Southwest Conference Women's Basketball Tournament
Number 1 seed Texas defeated 3 seed Texas Tech 63-60 to win their 8th championship and receive the conference's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Tournament.


1990 Southwest Conference Women's Basketball Tournament, Format and Seeding
The tournament consisted of a 6 team single-elimination tournament. The top two seeds had a bye to the Semifinals.


1990 Southwest Independent Soccer League
The 1990 Southwest Independent Soccer League was an American outdoor soccer season run by the Southwest Independent Soccer League during the summer of 1990. This was the second outdoor and sixth overall season run by the league which would become known as the United Soccer League.


1990 Southwestern Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns football team
The 1990 Southwestern Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns football team was an American football team that represented the University of Southwestern Louisiana (now known as the University of Louisiana at Lafayette) as an independent during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fifth year under head coach Nelson Stokley, the team compiled a 5–6 record.


1990 Soviet Army Cup Final
The 1990 Cup of the Soviet Army Final was the 8th and last final of the Cup of the Soviet Army (as a secondary cup tournament in Bulgaria), and was contested between CSKA Sofia and Botev Plovdiv on 5 June 1990 at Ovcha Kupel Stadium in Sofia. CSKA won the final 2–1.


1990 Soviet Cup Final
The 1990 Soviet Cup Final was a football match that took place at the Lenin's Central Stadium, Moscow on 2 May 1990. The match was the 49th Soviet Cup Final and it was contested by FC Dynamo Kyiv and FC Lokomotiv Moscow. The Soviet Cup winner Dynamo  qualified for the Cup Winners' Cup first round for the Soviet Union. The last year defending champions Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk were eliminated in the first round of the competition (1/16 of final) by PFC CSKA Moscow on away goal rule (1:1, 2:2). Dynamo played their 10th Cup Final winning on 9 occasions including this one. For Lokomotiv it was their only third Cup Final and the only loss at this stage.


1990 Soviet Cup Final, Road to Moscow
All sixteen Soviet Top League clubs did not have to go through qualification to get into the competition, so Dynamo and Lokomotiv both qualified for the competition automatically.


1990 Soviet Cup Final, Previous encounters
Previously these two teams never met each other in the such a late stages of the competition. However they did meet about five times in the Soviet Cup, usually in the first rounds. They first played each other in the Soviet Cup back in 1938.


1990 Soviet First League
1990 Soviet First League was part of the Soviet football competition in the second league division. With the ongoing fall of the Soviet Union some clubs left the Soviet competitions and the league was reduced.


1990 Soviet First League, Teams, Withdrawn teams
Prior to the start of the season all Georgian clubs (with the exception of Dinamo Sukhumi, a majority-Russian club from Abkhazia) withdrew from Soviet competitions. This included two First League clubs, FC Torpedo Kutaisi and FC Dinamo Batumi. Because of that the league was reduced to 20 as compared to the previous season of 22 participants.


1990 Soviet First League, League standings, Promotion/relegation play-off
(13th team of the Top League and 4th team of the First League)


1990 Soviet Lower Second League, Zone 1
1990 Football Championship of Ukrainian SSR was the 60th season of association football competition of the Ukrainian SSR, which at the time was a part of the Soviet Lower Second League. The Soviet Second League was split this season and all national (republican) competitions were placed at the lower league (4th division), while the upper league (3rd division) was transformed into a buffer league. The 1990 Football Championship of Ukrainian SSR was won for the first time by FC Torpedo Zaporizhia.


1990 Soviet Second League
The Second League was restructured reducing number of zones from 9 to 3 due to withdrawals by clubs from Estonia, Georgia, Latvia (except Pardaugava Riga, a majority-Russian club) and Lithuania as they declared independence from the Soviet Union.


1990 Soviet Second League B
1990 Soviet Lower Second League was the second season of the Soviet Second League B since its reestablishing in 1990. As in the last season it was divided into 10 zones (groups).


1990 Soviet Second League, Zone West
1990 Soviet Second League, Zone West was part of the  season of association football competition of the Soviet Second League. The Zone West of the Second League was established as part of reorganization of the whole Second League when it was split into upper Second League (with three zones) and lower Second League (with ten zones). The competition was won by Bukovina Chernovtsy.


1990 Soviet Second League, Zone West
The games in the group started on April 7, 1990 with 8 match ups and finished on November 8, 1990 with final 11 matches.


1990 Soviet Second League, Zone West, Teams
The Second League was restructured reducing number of zones from 9 to 3.


1990 Soviet Top League
The 1990 Soviet Top League season was the 53rd since its establishment. Spartak Moscow were the defending 12-times champions. The league was shortened and a total of fourteen teams participated. By the start of the season both Georgian teams have withdrew followed by another withdrawal from Žalgiris at the start of competition. The league consisted of ten teams contested in the 1989 season and the Army club promoted from the Soviet First League. The representatives of the Baltic states as well as Georgia chose not to take part in the competition.


1990 Soviet Top League
The season began on 1 March with the game between Dnipro and Rotor and lasted until 20 October 1990. The season was won by FC Dynamo Kyiv.


1990 Soviet Top League, Participating teams
The league was reduced to 13 after first Georgian clubs (Dinamo Tbilisi and Guria Lanchkhuti) and then Žalgiris withdrew from the Soviet Top League.


1990 Soviet Top League, Participating teams
Lokomotiv Moscow and the last placed Zenit Leningrad of the 1989 Soviet Top League were relegated to the 1990 Soviet First League. Lokomotiv returned to the Soviet First League after two seasons absence, while Zenit was relegated for the first time since being promoted back in 1938 through the club's merger.


1990 Soviet Top League, Participating teams
Originally two teams were promoted from the 1989 Soviet First League and included PFC CSKA Moscow and FC Guria Lanchkhuti. Just before the start of new season Georgian clubs and Žalgiris left the league.


1990 Soviet Top League, Final standings, Promotion/relegation play-off
(13th team of the Top League and 4th team of the First League)


1990 Soviet Top League, Medal squads
Goalkeepers: Viktor Chanov (21), Aleksandr Zhidkov (4). Defenders: Serhiy Shmatovalenko (22 / 1), Oleh Kuznetsov (20 / 2), Akhrik Tsveiba (20), Serhiy Zayets (17 / 1), Anatoliy Demyanenko (15), Oleh Luzhny (12), Andriy Annenkov (8), Volodymyr Bezsonov (7 / 1), Andriy Bal (4), Borys Derkach (3 / 2), Andriy Aleksanenkov (3), Yuriy Moroz (3). Midfielders: Hennadiy Lytovchenko (24 / 6), Vasyl Rats (21 / 2), Ivan Yaremchuk (18 / 2), Serhiy Kovalets (11 / 2), Oleksiy Mykhaylychenko (8), Pavlo Yakovenko (6). Forwards: Oleg Salenko (21 / 4), Oleh Protasov (16 / 12), Sergei Yuran (13 / 9).


1990 Soviet Top League, Medal squads
Transferred out during the season: Oleh Kuznetsov (to  Rangers), Oleh Protasov (to  Olympiacos), Oleksiy Mykhaylychenko (to  Sampdoria).


1990 Soviet Top League, Medal squads
Goalkeepers: Mikhail Yeremin (15), Aleksandr Guteyev (6), Yuri Shishkin (4). Defenders: Dmitri Bystrov (23 / 1), Dmitri Galiamin (23), Sergei Fokin (21 / 1), Sergei Kolotovkin (20), Oleg Malyukov (16), Viktor Yanushevsky (12). Midfielders: Valeri Broshin (24 / 5), Dmitri Kuznetsov (22 / 5), Igor Korneev (21 / 8), Vladimir Tatarchuk (21 / 3), Mikhail Kolesnikov (18 / 2), Igor Kozlov (8), Sergei Krutov (2), Aleksandr Grishin (1). Forwards: Oleg Sergeyev (24 / 6), Sergey Dmitriev (21 / 4), Valeri Masalitin (9 / 8).


1990 Soviet Top League, Medal squads
Goalkeepers: Aleksandr Uvarov (20), Andrei Smetanin (3), Dmitri Kharine (1). Defenders: Andrei Chernyshov (22 / 2), Igor Sklyarov (21 / 1), Viktor Losev (20), Andrei Mokh (18 / 2), Yevgeni Smertin (18), Yevgeni Dolgov (16), Vyacheslav Tsaryov (10), Serhiy Protsyuk (9), Andrei Zhirov (2), Ravil Sabitov (2). Midfielders: Aleksei Sereda (23), Andrey Kobelev (21 / 4), Sergei Derkach (19 / 4), Igor Dobrovolski (15 / 4), Roman Pylypchuk (15 / 2), Aleksandr Zakharov (4), Aleksandr Smirnov (3), Aleksei Yeryomenko (2), Sergei Neyman (1). Forwards: Sergei Kiriakov (22 / 3), Igor Kolyvanov (19 / 5), Igor Simutenkov (1).


1990 Soviet Top League, Medal squads
Manager: Anatoli Byshovets (until July), Semen Altman (caretaker, from July).


1990 Soviet Top League, Medal squads
Transferred out during the season: Aleksandr Smirnov, Ravil Sabitov (both to FC Dinamo Sukhumi).


1990 Soviet Union presidential election
Presidential elections were held in the Soviet Union on 14 March 1990 to elect a president for a five-year term. This was the only presidential election in the Soviet Union, as the post of president was introduced in 1990, and the Soviet Union disintegrated in the following year. The elections were uncontested, with Mikhail Gorbachev as the only candidate.


1990 Soviet Union presidential election
Although the constitution required the president to be directly-elected, it was decided that the first elections should be held on an indirect basis as it was necessary for a president to be elected immediately and processes taking place in the country did not leave time for elections to be held.


1990 Soviet Union presidential election, Background
On February 7, 1990, about a month prior to the election, Communist Party leaders voted on establishing a presidency. The third (extraordinary) Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR began on 12 March 1990. The congress decided to create the post of President of the USSR. The president would be elected to five-year terms. The CPD would elect the president for this election cycle, then turn over future elections to the public starting in 1995—which never happened due to the USSR's collapse in 1991.


1990 Soviet Union presidential election, Candidates
On 14 March during a plenum of the CPSU Central Committee, Gorbachev, Interior Minister Vadim Bakatin and former Prime Minister Nikolai Ryzhkov were nominated as presidential candidates; however, Bakatin and Ryzhkov withdrew their candidacies.


1990 Soviet Union presidential election, Mikhail Gorbachev's Campaign
Gorbachev worked with the Congress to make sure that he secured a two-thirds majority; otherwise, he would have to campaign against other candidates in a general election. One of the tactics he used was repeatedly threatening to resign if a two-thirds majority wasn't attained.


1990 Soviet Union presidential election, Results
At the time of the elections, 2,245 of the 2,250 seats were filled; however, 245 did not attend the Congress and a further 122 did not vote.


1990 Soviet Union presidential election, Aftermath
March 15, the day after the election, at a meeting of the Congress of People's Deputies, Gorbachev took office as President. On March 24, 10 days after the election, President Gorbachev appointed his cabinet.


1990 Soviet Union presidential election, Reactions
The means of this election drew mixed reactions. Sergei Stankevich, a deputy from Moscow, decided that he would abstain from voting, despite supporting Gorbachev, because he believed that the president should face a nationwide vote. Others were upset with the lack of opposition against Gorbachev for a position that sought to increase democracy throughout the USSR. Sakhalin Island deputy Ivan Zhdakayev expressed discontent over this: "Elections mean a popular vote, not this charade." Kazakhstani deputy Olzhas Suleimenov believed that reforms under Gorbachev were inconsistent.


1990 Soviet Union regional elections
In 1990, elections were held for the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia and the Supreme Soviets of 14 other republics of the Soviet Union.


1990 Soviet Union regional elections, Background
The proposal to create a "two-story" system for the formation of the legislative branch (with Congress of Deputies and the Supreme Soviet) in the USSR and its constituent and autonomous republics was put forward by Mikhail Gorbachev at the 19th Conference of the Communist Party in summer of 1988. On 1 December, the corresponding changes were made to the Constitution of the USSR.


1990 Soviet Union regional elections, Background
Most of the republics except for Russia and its autonomous region of Dagestan ignored this requirement of the Union Constitution. Under the constitutional reform of 1989–90, they retained direct elections to their Supreme Soviets, but unlike the campaigns of preceding 50 years, republican branches of the CPSU now were facing significant opposition from the nationalist forces, represented in organizations such as Lithuania's Sąjūdis and numerous "Popular Fronts" (Estonia, Latvia, Moldavia, Azerbaijan).


1990 Soviet nuclear tests
The Soviet Union's 1990 nuclear test series was a group of 2 nuclear tests conducted in 1990-1991. These tests  followed the 1989 Soviet nuclear tests series .


1990 Sovran Bank Classic
The 1990 Sovran Bank Classic was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the William H.G. FitzGerald Tennis Center in Washington, D.C. in the United States that was part of the Championship Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. It was the 22nd edition of the tournament was held from July 16 through July 22, 1990. First-seeded Andre Agassi won the singles title and earned $70,000 first-prize money.


1990 Sovran Bank Classic, Finals, Doubles
Grant Connell /  Glenn Michibata defeated  Jorge Lozano /  Todd Witsken 2–6, 6–4, 6–2


1990 Sovran Bank Classic – Doubles
Neil Broad and Gary Muller were the defending champions, but lost in the second round to Kent Kinnear and Brad Pearce.


1990 Sovran Bank Classic – Doubles
Grant Connell and Glenn Michibata won the title by defeating Jorge Lozano and Todd Witsken 6–3, 6–7, 6–2 in the final.


1990 Sovran Bank Classic – Doubles, Seeds
The first four seeds received a bye to the second round.


1990 Sovran Bank Classic – Singles
Tim Mayotte was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Todd Witsken.


1990 Sovran Bank Classic – Singles
Andre Agassi won the title by defeating Jim Grabb 6–1, 6–4 in the final.


1990 Sovran Bank Classic – Singles, Seeds
The first eight seeds received a bye to the second round.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix
The 1990 Spanish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Jerez on 30 September 1990. It was the fourteenth race of the 1990 Formula One World Championship, and the fifth and last Spanish Grand Prix to be held at Jerez (though the circuit would host the European Grand Prix in 1994 and 1997).


1990 Spanish Grand Prix
The 73-lap race was won by Alain Prost, driving a Ferrari, with teammate Nigel Mansell second and Alessandro Nannini third in a Benetton-Ford. Prost's Drivers' Championship rival, Ayrton Senna, took the 50th pole position of his career in his McLaren-Honda, but retired with a failed radiator, allowing Prost to close to within nine points of him in the championship with two races remaining.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix
The event was marred by a serious incident during Friday practice, when Martin Donnelly crashed his Lotus at the high-speed Turn 14. Donnelly was thrown from the wreckage, suffering serious injuries that ended his Formula One career. This also turned out to be the last F1 race for Nannini, who severed his right arm in a helicopter crash the following week (though he would return to racing as a touring car driver), as well as the last race for the back-marking EuroBrun and Life teams.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
In the Friday morning pre-qualifying session, the same four drivers went through to the main qualifying sessions as had progressed in the previous three events. This time it was Yannick Dalmas who topped the time sheets in his AGS, the first time he had done so this season. Gabriele Tarquini made it an AGS 1–2, just over a tenth of a second behind. Olivier Grouillard was a shade slower in third in the Osella, while Bertrand Gachot was nearly two seconds slower in the Coloni, back in fourth.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
In fifth place, Roberto Moreno missed the cut by just 0.018 of a second in the EuroBrun, with Claudio Langes just over a second behind in sixth. Langes' gap to Gachot of 1.133 seconds represented the closest the Italian had come all season to successfully pre-qualifying, as he had failed to pre-qualify for all 14 races so far this season. This proved to be his last opportunity, as EuroBrun withdrew from Formula One after this event. It was also the last event for the hapless Life team, who also withdrew from the sport after this weekend.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
Bruno Giacomelli managed two laps in the L190 before it stopped out on the circuit, the switch to the Judd engine apparently not providing much improvement. The car had never come within 12 seconds of pre-qualifying successfully at any of its 14 events. The absence of EuroBrun and Life at the last two Grands Prix of the season avoided the need for pre-qualifying at those events.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Race, Race report
On the start Patrese collided with Jean Alesi, and sending the Frenchman into a heavy spin at turn 1 into the gravel trap and then retired as a result.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Race, Race report
As it was Senna who lead the early stages before lap 27 as Nelson Piquet then took the lead for two laps as a result of not pitting before Prost then took the lead on lap 29, Piquet who pitted after 40 laps would eventually retire with battery problems after 48 laps, Ayrton Senna would also retire with the result of a punctured radiator on lap 54 forcing the Brazilian into retirement, as did Gerhard Berger after colliding with Thierry Boutsen on Lap 57.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Race, Race report
From there the Ferrari drivers eventually dominated the race with reigning world champion Alain Prost leading his teammate Nigel Mansell home by 22 seconds for a 1-2 finish. British Team Lotus driver Martin Donnelly had a horrific crash during Friday practice at the very fast Turn 14; the seat of his Lotus 102 broke free and was flung clear of the wreck. Donnelly received serious injuries that took months of recovery, bringing an end to his Formula One career, although he later returned to racing.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Team Lotus decided not to retire from the race, and Derek Warwick was close to the point-scoring positions when he became the race's final retirement on lap 63 with a broken gearbox in the other Lotus 102. Donnelly attributed his survival to safety improvements made after Riccardo Paletti's fatal accident at the 1982 Canadian Grand Prix.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Race, Race report
The race also turned out to be the last race of Alessandro Nannini's Formula One career. Nannini claimed the final podium position of the race in his Benetton B190, the ninth podium of his career, finishing ahead of the Williams pair of Thierry Boutsen and Riccardo Patrese. One week after the race, his right arm was severed in a helicopter accident. Nannini recovered and returned to racing as a touring car driver.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Race, Race report
At the start of the race, Gerhard Berger, desperate to move up from his fifth place on the grid, gave Jean Alesi no room, resulting in Alesi moving to the outside, where he was hit and put out of the race by Riccardo Patrese.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Race, Race report
The Larrousse-Lola of Aguri Suzuki claimed the final championship point of the race, continuing an encouraging season for the French team. It was an encouraging race for another French team, Yannick Dalmas and Gabriele Tarquini both qualified in AGS JH25s in a first for the team, but AGS never again got two cars onto a Formula One grid. Dalmas finished in ninth position, the highlight of the season for the small French team. The ninth-placed finish saved the team from pre-qualifying for the first half of 1991 as it moved them up to a crucial 13th place in the Constructors Championship. As a consequence, Scuderia Italia dropped into pre-qualifying, as they failed to finish higher than 10th all season.


1990 Spanish Grand Prix, Race, Race report
McLaren driver Ayrton Senna's lap 53 retirement with a failed radiator reduced his lead in the world championship over Prost to nine points with just the Japanese and Australian Grands Prix remaining in the season.


1990 Spanish motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1990 Spanish motorcycle Grand Prix was the third round of the 1990 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 4–6 May 1990 at the Jerez circuit.


1990 Spanish motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Niall Mackenzie takes Kevin Magee’s seat (who was injured at the previous round), and Mick Doohan gets pole position.


1990 Spanish motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Doohan gets crowded back at the first turn, with Wayne Rainey, Christian Sarron, Wayne Gardner, and Kevin Schwantz ahead of him.


1990 Spanish motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
The riders are getting strung out: Rainey, with a small gap to Gardner, a small gap to Schwantz, and a small gap to a group that gets smaller by Alex Barros crashing out of it. Gardner catches and passes Rainey, and takes the win.


1990 Special Honours (New Zealand)
The 1990 Special Honours in New Zealand were three special honours lists: the first was dated 6 February 1990 and made appointments to the Order of New Zealand and the Queen's Service Order; the second was dated 17 May 1990 made awards of the Polar Medal; and the third was dated 27 November 1990, to recognise the incoming governor-general, Dame Catherine Tizard.


1990 Speedway Champions Cup
The Speedway Champions Cup was an annual motorcycle speedway competition that took place between 1986 and 1993, featuring the national champions of the sixteen participating nations. It was discontinued with the introduction of the Speedway Grand Prix in 1995.


1990 Speedway Champions Cup
The 1990 championship was held at Lonigo and the winner was Hans Nielsen of Denmark.


1990 Speedway Champions Cup, Results
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1990 Speedway World Pairs Championship
The 1990 Speedway World Pairs Championship was the twenty-first FIM Speedway World Pairs Championship.


1990 Speedway World Pairs Championship
The final took place at the Ellermühle Stadium in Landshut, Germany. The championship Final was dominated by favourites Denmark and the less fancied Australia. Danes Jan O. Pedersen and Hans Nielsen scored 43 points to narrowly beat Australians Todd Wiltshire and Leigh Adams who scored 41. Hungary (Zoltán Adorján and Sándor Tihanyi) finished a distant third on 33 points. Sweden (Jimmy Nilsen and Per Jonsson) also finished on 33 points, though as Hungary scored three heat wins to one for the Swedes they were awarded third place.


1990 Speedway World Team Cup
The 1990 Speedway World Team Cup was the 31st edition of the FIM Speedway World Team Cup to determine the team world champions.


1990 Speedway World Team Cup
The final was staged at Svítkov Stadion, Pardubice, Czechoslovakia and the United States won their second title.


1990 Speedway World Team Cup, Qualification, Group C
M - exclusion for exceeding two-minute time allowance • T - exclusion for touching the tapes • X - other exclusion • E - retired or mechanical failure • F - fell


1990 Speedway World Team Cup, Qualification, Group A
M - exclusion for exceeding two-minute time allowance • T - exclusion for touching the tapes • X - other exclusion • E - retired or mechanical failure • F - fell


1990 Speedway World Team Cup, World Final
M - exclusion for exceeding two-minute time allowance • T - exclusion for touching the tapes • X - other exclusion • E - retired or mechanical failure • F - fell


1990 Spengler Cup
The 1990 Spengler Cup was held in Davos, Switzerland between December 26, 1990, and December 31, 1990. All matches were played at HC Davos's home arena, Eisstadion Davos. The final was won 8-3 by HC Spartak Moscow over Team Canada.


1990 St. Louis Cardinals season
The 1990 St. Louis Cardinals season was the team's 109th season in St. Louis, Missouri and its 99th season in the National League. The Cardinals went 70-92 during the season and finished 6th (and last) in the National League East division, 25 games behind the NL East champion Pittsburgh Pirates. It was one of the few times that the Cardinals had finished in last place, and the first, and only time that it has happened since 1918.


1990 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1990 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1990 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Walks allowed; SO = Strikeouts


1990 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Walks allowed; SO = Strikeouts


1990 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Walks allowed; SO = Strikeouts


1990 Stafford rail crash
The train crash at Stafford on 4 August 1990, resulted in the death of a train driver and injuries to 36 people.


1990 Stafford rail crash
The 11:36 pm empty coaching stock train from Stoke-on-Trent to Birmingham Soho TMD ran into the rear of the 10:18 pm express passenger train from Manchester Piccadilly to Penzance, which was standing in platform 4 at Stafford station. The empty train was signalled to draw up behind the express in order to clear the way for another train.


1990 Stafford rail crash
The driver of the empty train, who was the only fatality, was considered not to have kept a good lookout. This was possibly compounded by excessive working hours and by the alcohol that was subsequently found in his bloodstream.


1990 Stafford rail crash
The Rule Book was changed to avoid this situation. Now if a train is to be signalled into an occupied section and that train is not booked to call at that location, the driver must be first advised. Also before a train can be signalled behind another, the signal ahead of the stationary train must be at danger until the second train has come to a stand, to avoid potential 'over-reading' of the signal by the second driver.


1990 Stanford Cardinal baseball team
The 1990 Stanford Cardinal baseball team represented Stanford University in the 1990 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Cardinal played their home games at Sunken Diamond. The team was coached by Mark Marquess in his 14th year at Stanford.


1990 Stanford Cardinal baseball team
The Cardinal won the Pacific-10 Conference South Division and the West I Regional to advanced to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Georgia Bulldogs.


1990 Stanford Cardinal football team
The 1990 Stanford Cardinal football team represented Stanford University in the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals
The 1990 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1989–90 season, and the culmination of the 1990 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested by the Edmonton Oilers and the Boston Bruins; the Oilers won, four games to one. The series was a rematch of the 1988 Finals, albeit with the notable absence of Wayne Gretzky who was traded from Edmonton to the Los Angeles Kings during the 1988 off-season. For the Oilers, it was their fifth Cup win in seven years, and the team's only championship after trading Gretzky. This would be the last of eight consecutive Finals contested by a team from Alberta (the Oilers appeared in six, the Calgary Flames in two).


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Paths to the Finals
Boston defeated the Hartford Whalers 4–3, the Montreal Canadiens 4–1 and the Washington Capitals 4–0 to advance to the Final.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Paths to the Finals
Edmonton defeated the Winnipeg Jets 4–3, the Los Angeles Kings 4–0 and the Chicago Blackhawks 4–2.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
In game one, Petr Klima scored at 15:13 of the third overtime period to give the Oilers a 3–2 win; this game remains the longest in Stanley Cup Finals history (see Longest NHL overtime games), edging both Brett Hull's Cup-winner in 1999 and Igor Larionov's game-winner in 2002 by less than 30 seconds.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Though the Oilers ultimately won the series in five games, it was the Bruins who dominated play during the early part of the series. The Bruins had more chances to win the opener, and at one point had a 15-4 shot advantage in game two before the Oilers came back.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
In game five at the Boston Garden on May 24, the Oilers won 4–1, the first time they had ever clinched the Cup on the road. Edmonton won all three Finals games played at Boston Garden - in each their previous Finals wins, the Oilers only won one game away from Northlands Coliseum. Craig Simpson scored the game-winning goal. Oilers goaltender Bill Ranford, originally the backup who took over from Grant Fuhr for the remainder of the regular season and the entire playoffs, was awarded the Conn Smythe Trophy as playoff MVP.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Mark Messier won his first Stanley Cup as a team captain, and his fifth overall. He won his sixth Stanley Cup as the captain with the New York Rangers four years later, and scored the Cup-winning goal, making him the only player to captain two different Cup-winning teams.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Ray Bourque did not reach the Stanley Cup Final again until the Colorado Avalanche won in 2001. As for the Bruins, they would not return to the Stanley Cup Finals until their championship season of 2011. The Oilers did not reach the Finals again until 2006, losing in seven games.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Team rosters
Years indicated in boldface under the "Finals appearance" column signify that the player won the Stanley Cup in the given year.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving
The 1990 Stanley Cup was presented to Oilers captain Mark Messier by NHL President John Ziegler following the Oilers 4–1 win over the Bruins in game five.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving
The following Oilers players and staff had their names engraved on the Stanley Cup


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving, Stanley Cup engravings
Neither player qualified for engravement on the Cup, but both players received Stanley Cup rings. Ruzicka was also included on the team winning picture.


1990 Stanley Cup Finals, Broadcasting
In the United States, the series aired nationally on SportsChannel America. However, SportsChannel America's national coverage was blacked out in the Boston area due to the local rights to Bruins games in that TV market. NESN televised games one, two, and five in the Boston area while WSBK had games three and four.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs
The 1990 Stanley Cup playoffs for the National Hockey League (NHL) championship began on April 5, 1990, following the 1989–90 regular season. The sixteen teams that qualified, from the top four teams of the four divisions, played best-of-seven series. The Conference Champions played a best-of-seven series for the Stanley Cup.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs
This was the last time that the Detroit Red Wings missed the playoffs until 2017. They would make the playoffs for 25 consecutive seasons from 1991 to 2016, excluding 2005, when the season was cancelled.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs
Since entering the NHL as expansion teams in the 1967–68 NHL season this was the first and only time to date that both the Philadelphia Flyers and Pittsburgh Penguins missed the playoffs in the same season.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs
The playoffs concluded on May 24 with the Edmonton Oilers winning the Stanley Cup, defeating the Boston Bruins in the final series four games to one. Edmonton goaltender Bill Ranford was awarded the Conn Smythe Trophy as Most Valuable Player of the playoffs.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Prince of Wales Conference, (A1) Boston Bruins vs. (A4) Hartford Whalers
This was the first playoff series between these two teams.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Prince of Wales Conference, (A2) Buffalo Sabres vs. (A3) Montreal Canadiens
This was the third playoff series between these two teams. Both teams split their previous two meetings. Buffalo won the most recent meeting in a three-game sweep in the 1983 Adams Division Semifinals.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Prince of Wales Conference, (P1) New York Rangers vs. (P4) New York Islanders
This was the seventh playoff series meeting between these two teams. The Islanders won five of the previous six meetings. The most recent the Islanders won 3–2 in the 1984 Patrick Division Semifinals.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Prince of Wales Conference, (P2) New Jersey Devils vs. (P3) Washington Capitals
This was the second playoff meeting between these two teams. New Jersey won their only previous meeting in seven games in the 1988 Patrick Division Finals.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Clarence Campbell Conference, (N1) Chicago Blackhawks vs. (N4) Minnesota North Stars
This was the fifth playoff series meeting between these two teams. Chicago won three of the previous four meetings, including the most recent meeting in six games in the 1985 Norris Division Finals.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Clarence Campbell Conference, (N2) St. Louis Blues vs. (N3) Toronto Maple Leafs
This was the third playoff series meeting between these two teams. Both teams split their first two meetings. Toronto won the most recent meeting in six games in the 1987 Norris Division Semifinals.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Clarence Campbell Conference, (S1) Calgary Flames vs. (S4) Los Angeles Kings
This was the third straight and fifth overall playoff meeting between these two teams. Both teams split the previous four meetings. Calgary won last year's Smythe Division Finals in a four-game sweep.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Semifinals, Clarence Campbell Conference, (S2) Edmonton Oilers vs. (S3) Winnipeg Jets
This was the sixth playoff meeting between these two teams. Edmonton won all five previous meetings, including their most recent in the 1988 Smythe Division Semifinals in five games.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Finals, Prince of Wales Conference, (A1) Boston Bruins vs. (A3) Montreal Canadiens
This was the 25th playoff series meeting between these two teams. Montreal lead the all-time meetings 21–3. This was also the seventh straight year meeting in the playoffs, with Montreal winning last year's Adams Division Finals in five games.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Finals, Prince of Wales Conference, (P1) New York Rangers vs. (P3) Washington Capitals
This was the second playoff series meeting between these two teams. New York won the only previous meeting in six games in the 1986 Patrick Division Finals.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Finals, Clarence Campbell Conference, (N1) Chicago Blackhawks vs. (N2) St. Louis Blues
This was the third straight and seventh overall playoff meeting between these two teams. Chicago won five of the prior six meetings, including last year's Norris Division Finals in five games.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Division Finals, Clarence Campbell Conference, (S2) Edmonton Oilers vs. (S4) Los Angeles Kings
This was the second straight and fifth overall playoff meeting between these two teams. The teams split the previous four meetings. Los Angeles won last year's Smythe Division Semifinals in seven games.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Conference Finals, Prince of Wales Conference Final, (A1) Boston Bruins vs. (P3) Washington Capitals
This was the first playoff meeting between these two teams.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Conference Finals, Clarence Campbell Conference Final, (S2) Edmonton Oilers vs. (N1) Chicago Blackhawks
This was the third playoff series meeting between these two teams. Edmonton won both prior playoff meetings, including the most recent in six games in the 1985 Clarence Campbell Conference Final.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Stanley Cup Finals
This was second Finals meeting between these two teams. Edmonton won the only previous meeting sweeping the Bruins in the 1988 Stanley Cup Finals.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Stanley Cup Finals
The Edmonton Oilers defeated the Boston Bruins in five games. For the Oilers, it was their fifth Cup win in seven years, and their only one without Wayne Gretzky. In Game 1, Petr Klima scored at 15:13 of the third overtime period to give the Oilers a 3–2 win. The game broke the record for longest Finals game, set in 1931 between Chicago and Montreal. This game remains the longest in Stanley Cup Finals history (Longest NHL overtime games) to date, edging both Brett Hull's cup-winner in 1999 and Igor Larionov's game-winner in 2002 by less than 30 seconds. In Game 5 at the Boston Garden on May 24, the Oilers won 4–1, with Craig Simpson scoring the game-winning goal.


1990 Stanley Cup playoffs, Playoff statistics, Goaltenders
This is a combined table of the top five goaltenders based on goals against average and the top five goaltenders based on save percentage, with at least 420 minutes played. The table is sorted by GAA, and the criteria for inclusion are bolded.


1990 State of Origin series
The 1990 State of Origin series saw the ninth time that the annual three-game series between New South Wales and Queensland representative rugby league football teams was contested entirely under "state of origin" selection rules. It was the first year that the Australian Rugby League took an Origin match to Melbourne to showcase the code in Victoria. New South Wales broke an eight-game losing streak in game I and took the series for the first time since 1986.


1990 State of Origin series, Games, Game One
Game I at the Sydney Football Stadium was a typical Origin arm-wrestle and resulted in the lowest score in the series' 10-year history to that point. Queensland's Wally Lewis withdrew pre-match due to a hamstring tear (only the 2nd Origin match he had missed in the series' history), Maroon's hero Gene Miles had retired and Tony Currie, Michael Hancock and Kerrod Walters were all out with injuries.


1990 State of Origin series, Games, Game One
New South Wales' captain Benny Elias played what was regarded as his finest representative performance  with a copybook dummy-half display. Blues' centre Mark "Sparkles" McGaw scored the only try of the match. He outplayed his opposite, the  Mal Meninga and pulled off a covering tackle on winger Alan McIndoe that was so comprehensive that both McIndoe's boots came flying from his feet. The win was the Blues' first since the post-series exhibition match in 1987.


1990 State of Origin series, Games, Game Two
The public relations exercise to showcase the game in Melbourne proved a success with a sell-out crowd of 25,800 cramming into Olympic Park. The game was highlighted by NSW halfback Ricky Stuart racing 70 metres to score, easily outpacing Qld winger Les Kiss who made no ground on the former Wallaby.


1990 State of Origin series, Games, Game Two
Queensland halfback Allan Langer's stealing of the ball from Blues replacement prop Glenn Lazarus  helped spell the end of three years of Queensland State of Origin dominance which had included two consecutive series clean sweeps from 1988. Langer's steal was a defining moment giving Rod Wishart the chance to put the Blues ahead 8-6. Shortly afterwards Brad Mackay swooped on an intercept and streaked away for the try that put the game out of reach for the Maroons.


1990 State of Origin series, Games, Game Three
In Game III the Blues led 10-4 after just 24 minutes and looked set for a series whitewash. Then the Maroons clawed back to 10-all early in the second half with their Origin "King" Wally Lewis landing a wide conversion after Gary Belcher had taken the earlier kicks. Canberra Raiders' forward Steve Jackson who the year before had scored a Grand Final try to give his club the premiership scored an almost identical try to give Queensland the game and a face-saving sole victory in the series.


1990 State of the Union Address
The 1990 State of the Union Address was given by the 41st president of the United States, George H. W. Bush, on Wednesday, January 31, 1990, at 9 p.m. EST, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives to the 101st United States Congress. It was Bush's first State of the Union Address and his second speech to a joint session of the United States Congress. Presiding over this joint session was the House speaker, Tom Foley, accompanied by Dan Quayle, the vice president, in his capacity as the president of the Senate.


1990 State of the Union Address
The speech lasted 35 minutes and 43 seconds. and contained 3777 words.


1990 State of the Union Address
The Democratic Party response was delivered by House Speaker Tom Foley (WA).


1990 State of the Union Address
Edward J. Derwinski, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, served as the designated survivor.


1990 Stella Artois Championships
The 1990 Stella Artois Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Queen's Club in London in the United Kingdom and was part of the World Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. It was the 88th edition of the tournament and ran from 11 June through 18 June 1990. Ivan Lendl won the singles title.


1990 Stella Artois Championships, Finals, Doubles
Jeremy Bates /  Kevin Curren defeated  Henri Leconte /  Ivan Lendl 6–2, 7–6


1990 Stella Artois Championships – Doubles
Darren Cahill and Mark Kratzmann were the defending champions and lost in the second round to Stefan Edberg and Pete Sampras.


1990 Stella Artois Championships – Doubles
Jeremy Bates and Kevin Curren won in the final 6–2, 7–6 against Henri Leconte and Ivan Lendl.


1990 Stella Artois Championships – Doubles, Seeds
The top four seeded teams received byes into the second round.


1990 Stella Artois Championships – Singles
Ivan Lendl was the defending champion and won in the final 6–3, 6–2 against Boris Becker.


1990 Stella Artois Championships – Singles, Seeds
The top eight seeds received a bye to the second round.


1990 Stella Artois Indoor
The 1990 Stella Artois Indoor (known as such in 1990 for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 13th edition of the tournament, and was part of the ATP World Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. It took place at the Palatrussardi in Milan, Italy, from 5 February until 11 February 1990. First-seeded Ivan Lendl won the singles title, his third at the event after 1983 and 1986.


1990 Stella Artois Indoor, Finals, Doubles
Omar Camporese /  Diego Nargiso defeated  Tom Nijssen /  Udo Riglewski, 6–4, 6–4


1990 Stella Artois Indoor – Doubles
Jakob Hlasek and John McEnroe were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals.Omar Camporese and Diego Nargiso won the title, defeating Tom Nijssen and Udo Riglewski 6–4, 6–4, in the final.


1990 Stella Artois Indoor – Singles
Boris Becker was the defending champion, but did not take part that year. Ivan Lendl won the title, defeating Tim Mayotte 6–3, 6–2, in the final.


1990 Stevenage Borough Council election
The 1990 Stevenage Borough Council election took place on 3 May 1990. This was on the same day as other local elections. One third of the council was up for election; the seats which were last contested in 1986. The Labour Party retained control of the council, which it had held continuously since its creation in 1973.


1990 Stevenage Borough Council election, Overall results
All comparisons in seats and vote share are to the corresponding 1986 election.


1990 Stinkers Bad Movie Awards
The 13th Stinkers Bad Movie Awards were released by the Hastings Bad Cinema Society in 1991 to honour the worst films the film industry had to offer in 1990. As follows, there was only a Worst Picture category with provided commentary for each nominee, as well as a list of films that were also considered for the final list but ultimately failed to make the cut (25 films total).


1990 Stockholm Open
The 1990 Stockholm Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 22nd edition of the Stockholm Open and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1990 ATP Tour. It took place at the Stockholm Globe Arena in Stockholm, Sweden, from 22 October through 29 October 1990.


1990 Stockholm Open
The singles draw was headlined by world No. 1, Wimbledon champion, Los Angeles, New Haven, Indian Wells, Cincinnati titlist Stefan Edberg, Brussels, Indianapolis, Stuttgart indoor winner, Wimbledon runner-up Boris Becker and Key Biscayne, San Francisco, Washington champion, French Open, US Open finalist Andre Agassi. Other top seeds were US Open, Manchester winner Pete Sampras, French Open, Barcelona champion Andrés Gómez, Emilio Sánchez, Brad Gilbert and John McEnroe.


1990 Stockholm Open, Finals, Doubles
Guy Forget /  Jakob Hlasek defeated  John Fitzgerald /  Anders Järryd, 6–4, 6–2


1990 Stockholm Open – Doubles
Jorge Lozano and Todd Witsken were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals this year.


1990 Stockholm Open – Doubles
Guy Forget and Jakob Hlasek won the title, defeating John Fitzgerald and Anders Järryd 6–4, 6–2 in the final.


1990 Stockholm Open – Doubles, Seeds
All eight seeded teams received byes to the second round.


1990 Stockholm Open – Singles
Ivan Lendl was the defending champion, but did not compete that year.


1990 Stockholm Open – Singles
Boris Becker won in the final 6–4, 6–0, 6–3, against Stefan Edberg.


1990 Stockholm Open – Singles, Seeds
All sixteen seeds received a bye to the second round.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot
The 1990 Strangeways Prison riot was a 25-day prison riot and rooftop protest at Strangeways Prison in Manchester, England. The riot began on 1 April 1990 when prisoners took control of the prison chapel, and the riot quickly spread throughout most of the prison. The riot and rooftop protest ended on 25 April when the final five prisoners were removed from the rooftop, making it the longest prison riot in British penal history. One prisoner was killed during the riot, and 147 prison officers and 47 prisoners were injured. Much of the prison was damaged or destroyed, with the cost of repairs coming to £55 million.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot
The riot sparked a series of disturbances in prisons across England, Scotland and Wales, resulting in the British government announcing a public inquiry into the riots headed by Lord Woolf. The resulting Woolf Report concluded that conditions in the prison had been intolerable, and recommended major reform of the prison system. The Guardian newspaper described the report as a blueprint for the restoration of "decency and justice into jails where conditions had become intolerable".


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, Background
Manchester's Strangeways Prison, which opened in 1868, was a "local prison" designed to hold prisoners from the surrounding area, mainly those on remand or serving sentences of less than five years. At the time of the riot, the main prison consisted of six wings connected by a central rotunda known as the Centre. Convicted adult prisoners were held in wings A, B, C and D, and convicted young offenders were held in E wing, which was physically separated from the Centre by gates.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, Background
Convicted prisoners on Rule 43(a) were held on landings C1 and C2 of C wing, and remand prisoners on Rule 43(a) were held on the fourth landing on E wing. F wing contained administrative offices on the lower floor and the chapel on the upper floor. Remand prisoners were held in wings G, H, I and K of a separate prison, linked to the main prison through workshops and a kitchen. The Certified Normal Accommodation for Strangeways, the number of prisoners the prison was designed to hold, was 970. The population of the prison had increased in the months before the riot, from 1,417 in January 1990 to a peak of 1,658 on 27 March. On 1 April, the prison contained 1,647 prisoners – about 925 convicted adult prisoners, 500 remand prisoners and 210 convicted young offenders.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, Background
Prisoners felt their complaints about conditions were being ignored. Remand prisoners were only allowed out of their cells for 18 hours per week, and Category A prisoners were locked in their cells for 22 hours a day, and rarely left their cells except for "slopping out", a one-hour exercise period each day or a weekly shower. In March 1990, Dominic Noonan was transferred from Strangeways to HM Prison Hull. Noonan was the organiser of the Prisoners' League Association (PLA), an organisation formed in 1989 which campaigned for prisoners' rights. Its aims included initiating legal proceedings against prison staff for mistreatment of prisoners, and picketing outside prisons in which prisoners were mistreated. The PLA were active at Strangeways Prison, and Noonan's transfer demonstrates prison officers were aware of rising tensions inside the prison.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, Background
On 26 March 1990, Barry Morton was taken to the "punishment block" and strip-searched after being visited by his mother, as prison officers believed she had brought drugs into the prison for him. During a struggle he sustained a black eye and swollen nose, and the following day he was released back into the main prison along with another prisoner, Tony Bush. Later the same day, Bush and Morton climbed onto the roof of the prison and staged a twenty-hour rooftop protest.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, Background
On 31 March there was a 30-minute sit-down protest in the chapel after a film was shown, which ended after a prison officer promised to listen to the prisoners' grievances. The same evening it is reported that a black prisoner was assaulted by prison officers in front of other prisoners, and injected with Largactil – a sedative used to control prisoners, known in prisons as the "liquid cosh". Prisoners then decided to stage a further protest in the chapel the following day, 1 April.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
Prison officers had advance warning that an incident would occur in the chapel on 1 April, and security was increased. Extra prison officers were used to escort prisoners to the service, and fourteen officers were inside the chapel supervising the service instead of the usual total of eight. An additional seven officers were also stationed in the vestry outside the chapel. The service was attended by 309 prisoners which was about the usual attendance, but all Rule 43(a) prisoners were prevented from attending as a precautionary measure.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
A senior prison officer believed the prisoners would attempt another sit-down protest with the possibility of hostage-taking, and instructed staff to evacuate the chapel if trouble began. At approximately 11:00 am, a visiting Church of England preacher had just delivered the sermon, and the prison chaplain, Reverend Noel Proctor, stood to thank the preacher when prisoner Paul Taylor took the microphone from him and addressed the congregation. Reverend Proctor was recording the service for distribution to a prayer group, and the subsequent events were recorded:


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
Paul Taylor: I would like to say, right, that this man has just talked about blessing of the heart and a hardened heart can be delivered. No it cannot, not with resentment, anger and bitterness and hatred being instilled in people.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
Noel Proctor: Right lads, down. Down. Come on, this is no way to carry on in God's house.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
Noel Proctor: Right lads, sit down. This is completely out of order. Sit down.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
A prisoner: Why is it? It's been waiting to happen for ever. It will never change.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
Noel Proctor: All of you who want to go back to your cells go the back of the church please.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
Noel Proctor: I'm trying to help you, to keep you.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
As Reverend Proctor was appealing for calm, a prisoner brandishing two sticks shouted out "You've heard enough, let's do it, get the bastards". Other prisoners responded by donning masks and brandishing weapons, and three prison officers started to leave the chapel as earlier instructed. A set of keys was taken from a prison officer when a number of officers were attacked by prisoners wielding fire extinguishers, table legs and fire buckets. A number of prisoners attempted to leave the chapel via the vestry; at the same time, the seven prison officers there attempted to gain entry to the chapel.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, Disturbance in the chapel
Once they managed to do so, the officers were attacked by prisoners, and a second set of keys was taken from one of them. Some prisoners helped to get injured officers and Reverend Proctor to a place of safety via the vestry, while others barricaded entrances to the chapel or attempted to gain access to the roof.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, The riot spreads
The prison officers guarding the gates outside the chapel abandoned them, and ran towards the Centre. The prison officer in charge of the Centre saw his colleagues running from the direction of the chapel, but due to the presence of scaffolding he was in a poor position to view the upper levels, and mistakenly assumed he saw prisoners running from the chapel. He informed other officers on C1 and D1 of this and, upon hearing that prisoners were in possession of keys, told them and officers on A1 that they should evacuate the prison.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, The riot spreads
Governor Morrison, who was responsible for the main prison, then ordered officers to evacuate the Centre at 11:13 am as he mistakenly believed prisoners had entered the Centre. By this time prisoners had gained access to the roofs of E and F wings, and from there gained access to other wings by making holes in unprotected office ceilings.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, The riot spreads
The prisoners found A and B wings unsupervised as the prison officers had already evacuated, and began to free other prisoners who were still locked in their cells. The prison officer in charge of the first landing of C wing was ordered to evacuate, and with the help of three other officers evacuated the 73 Rule 43(a) prisoners being held there, being fearful for the safety of the prisoners who were regarded as sex offenders. Due to rioting prisoners entering the wing, the officers were unable to evacuate a further seven Rule 43(a) prisoners who were being held on the second landing.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, The riot spreads
Rioting prisoners also gained access to E wing, where the Rule 43(a) prisoners had been left locked in their cells after the prison officers evacuated. A number of these Rule 43(a) prisoners were attacked by rioting prisoners. One such prisoner was Derek White, who was being held on remand on charges of indecent assault and buggery. White later died in North Manchester General Hospital on 3 April after being admitted suffering from head wounds, a dislocated shoulder and chest pains.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, The riot spreads
At 11:43 am rioting prisoners were seen approaching the remand prison, which was still secure. The prison governor, Brendan O'Friel, arrived at the prison at 11:55 am and gave orders to defend the remand prison. He later recalled that:


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, The riot spreads
By 12 o'clock when I came in it looked as if we'd lost control of the whole thing. My first decision was to send a Governor 5 back up to the remand prison to see if we could hold it, but it was too late. That decision, had it been taken half an hour earlier, would have meant we could have held the remand prison, meaning we could have kept another 400 locked up. Assuming the doors would have held, that sort of thing.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, The riot spreads
But we had about 200 staff on duty, and we must have lost nine or ten casualties of one sort or another and then you lose staff getting the casualties out. We didn't have a lot of the staff come pouring in until about 1 o'clock. I tell you what really bugged us was there an element of April Fool about it. We rang staff up about it, who said "You must be joking, is this an April Fool?" That's what happened when they rang up my home, my son thought it was an April Fool.


1990 Strangeways Prison riot, The riot, The riot spreads
Rioting prisoners gained access to the remand prison at 12:20 pm through the kitchens in G wing, and began freeing prisoners who were still locked in their cells using stolen keys or improvised tools such as iron bars and fire extinguishers. At this point the rioting prisoners were in control of all accommodation wings of the prison. A large number of prisoners were on the prison roof, and roof tiles and other missiles were thrown at prison officers on the ground. Rioting inside the prison continued with cells being damaged and fires being started, and at 3:40 pm the Public Relations Department of the Home Office issued a statement: