1991 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Qualifying
The Nissan NPT-90 of Geoff Brabham, partnered by Derek Daly and his younger brother, Gary Brabham took pole position. They were joined on the front row by their Nissan Performance team-mates Chip Robinson, Bob Earl and Julian Bailey.


1991 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
In front of a crowd of approximately 80,000, the race was held over 12 Hours, on Sebring International Raceway. The race started in cool conditions, but finished wet. For most of the early running, the #6 Joest Racing Porsche 962C of Bob Wollek, Bernd Schnieder and Massimo Sigala lead. Apart from pit stops, this car lead until lap 80, when the pole winning Nissan took control of the race. The Brabham brothers and Daly would lead from lap 81 until their saw the flag on lap 298.


1991 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
In between, their team-mates (Robinson/Earl/Bailey) would lead a total of 41 laps, losing the lead for the last time, just six laps from home. During the race, there were seven full-course cautions covering 54 laps, lasting a total of 3 hours and 14 minutes. Despite this Brabham/Daly/Brabham took the winner spoils for Don Devendorf’s Nissan Performance Technology Inc. team. This partnership, driving their Nissan NPT-90, won in a time of 12hr 02:01.391mins., averaging a speed of 91.626 mph. They covered a distance of 1,102.6 miles. One lap adrift in second place was their fellow Nissan NPT-90 of Robinson/Earl/Bailey. Early front runners, Wolleck/Schnieder/Sigala brought their Porsche home at third just another lap further back. Another Porsche from Joest came home in fourth, driven by Frank Jelinski, Henri Pescarolo and ”John Winter”. The top Jaguar was fifth in the hands of Davy Jones, Raul Boesel and John Nielsen.


1991 2. deild karla
The 1991 season of 2. deild karla was the 26th season of third-tier football in Iceland.


1991 2. divisjon
The 1991 2. divisjon, the third highest association football league for men in Norway.


1991 2. divisjon
22 games were played in 6 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Odd, Bærum, Vard, Os, Stjørdals-Blink and Bodø/Glimt were promoted to the First Division. Number ten, eleven and twelve were relegated to the 3. divisjon. The winning teams from each of the 19 groups in the 3. divisjon were promoted to the 2. divisjon.


1991 24 Hours of Daytona
The 1991 SunBank 24 at Daytona was a 24-hour endurance sports car race held on February 2–3, 1991 at the Daytona International Speedway road course. The race served as the opening round of the 1991 IMSA GT Championship.


1991 24 Hours of Daytona
Victory overall and in the GTP class went to the No. 7 Joest Racing Porsche 962 driven by Frank Jelinski, Henri Pescarolo, Hurley Haywood, and "John Winter". Victory in the LM class went to the No. 83 Nissan Performance Technology Nissan R90CK driven by Bob Earl, Derek Daly, Chip Robinson, and Geoff Brabham. Victory in the GTP Lights class went to the No. 48 Acura Spice SE90P driven by Parker Johnstone, Steve Cameron, Doug Peterson, and Bob Lesnett. The GTO class was won by the No. 15 Whistler Mustang Ford Mustang driven by Mark Martin, Wally Dallenbach Jr., and Robby Gordon. Finally, the GTU class was won by the No. 82 Greer Racing Mazda RX-7 driven by Dick Greer, Al Bacon, Mike Mees, and Peter Uria.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans
The 1991 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 59th Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 22 and 23 June 1991. It was also the fourth round of the 1991 FIA Sportscar World Championship season.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Pre-race
An entirely new complex along the front stretch was built, housing modern pit stalls, garages, and the new observation suites built above the garages.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Pre-race
As for the race, the grid line-up was an unusual affair. 1991 was supposed to be the first year the World Sportscar Championship ran to the new '3.5L' rules, which meant a new breed of sports-prototypes. Although TWR-Jaguar, Mercedes-Benz and Peugeot all built cars to the new regulations for the 1991 championship series, the number of privateer teams was low and there was simply not enough of these new cars to fill the grid.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Pre-race
The FIA allowed the first 10 spaces on the grid to be reserved for the fastest qualifying 3.5L cars from the World Sportscar Championship, while the rest of the field was made up of older formula Group C cars. In another twist, some teams which had 3.5L cars, but entered previous year's championships with Group C cars, were allowed to enter their "obsolete" but more reliable (and for Le Mans in 1991, quicker) Group C racers.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Pre-race
In the case of TWR Jaguar and Mercedes-Benz, their 3.5L cars (the XJR-14 and C291 respectively) failed to qualify and instead they raced using their XJR-12 and C11 models. Peugeot Sport on the other hand only had their 905 model to race, with 1991 being their first full season in sportscar racing. Being the only factory team running the 3.5L formula, the French marque had the honour of starting 1st and 2nd, even though they had only set the 3rd and 8th fastest qualifying times.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race
The two Peugeots immediately led away at the start, whilst the top Group C cars, led by Mercedes, made light work of the other 3.5L cars. Peugeot’s joy was short-lived though, the #5 briefly catching fire whilst refuelling at its first pitstop, although it quickly rejoined the race. More serious problems loomed however, their cars started suffering from engine problems and would both drop out before nightfall. With the French team out, the three Mercedes took control at the front, with Jean-Louis Schlesser in car #1 and Michael Schumacher in #31 debating the lead throughout the early hours. Their only drama came when Wendlinger spun under the Dunlop Bridge on cold tires having just taken over the #31, forcing him to pit for a new rear wing.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race
Jaguar had a difficult race. They qualified poorly due to carrying a 200kg weight penalty for running their older Group C cars (which badly affected the handling), and they never looked like repeating the previous years success. The Porsches had to carry the same penalty and they too never featured in the victory battle. Thus as the race settled down, the job of chasing Mercedes fell to the #55 Mazda of youngsters Johnny Herbert, Bertrand Gachot and Volker Weidler.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race
Mazda hadn’t been viewed as victory contenders before the race, their 787B having achieved virtually nothing in the way of results previously. However, the team had exploited a loophole in the rules, which stated that naturally aspirated, rotary-powered old Group C1 cars weren't required to run at 1000kg, but at 850kg, and eventually the Mazda managed to run at 830 kilogrammes. Combined with their rotary Wankel engine providing better fuel mileage than the other ballasted cars, it left them running a strong fourth as night fell.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race
Mercedes were looking comfortable out front, but as Sunday rolled around their race began to unravel. The #31 had to pit several times to fix a gearbox problem, which cost 9 laps and dropped it down the field. The #32 then dropped out when it ran over debris; the impact damaged an engine mounting and the subsequent vibrations caused it to expire just before dawn. With the #1 spooked by the downfall of their teammates, the Mazda, now up to second, upped the pace in an attempt to try and break the final Mercedes.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race
#31 was forced to pit again with high water temperature, and then at noon Alain Ferté brought a steaming #1 down pit lane having befallen the same fate. The alternator bracket had sheared, and in the process had snapped the water pump drive belt. Unlike their teammates however, their engine had overheated beyond repair and the dominant car of the race was pushed into the garage to retire.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race
From there the Mazda was never headed, and crossed the line with a two lap advantage over second place to secure a surprising and popular victory. It was the first Japanese car to ever win Le Mans, as well as the only non-piston engined car ever to do so. Jaguar’s reliability made up for their pace disadvantage, and the British marque secured second, third and fourth place, with the remaining #31 Mercedes recovering to complete the top five.


1991 24 Hours of Le Mans, Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 70% of the winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).


1991 430 km of Autopolis
The 1991 430 km of Autopolis was the eighth and final round of the 1991 World Sportscar Championship season, taking place at Autopolis, Japan. It took place on October 28, 1991.


1991 430 km of Autopolis, Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 90% of the winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).


1991 430 km of Magny-Cours
The 1991 430 km of Magny-Cours was the sixth round of the 1991 World Sportscar Championship season, taking place at Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours, France. It took place on September 15, 1991.


1991 430 km of Magny-Cours, Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 90% of the winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).


1991 430 km of Mexico City
The 1991 430 km of Mexico City was the seventh round of the 1991 World Sportscar Championship season, taking place at Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez, Mexico. It took place on October 6, 1991.


1991 430 km of Mexico City, Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 90% of the winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).


1991 430 km of Monza
The 1991 430 km of Monza was the second round of the 1991 World Sportscar Championship season, taking place at Autodromo Nazionale Monza, Italy. It took place on May 5, 1991.


1991 430 km of Monza, Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 90% of the winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).


1991 430 km of Nürburgring
The 1991 430 km of Nürburgring was the fifth round of the 1991 World Sportscar Championship season, taking place at Nürburgring, Germany. It took place on August 18, 1991. The two Jaguars finished six laps ahead of the third-placed Porsche.


1991 430 km of Nürburgring, Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 90% of the winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).


1991 430 km of Silverstone
The 1991 430 km of Silverstone was the third round of the 1991 World Sportscar Championship season, taking place at Silverstone Circuit, United Kingdom. It took place on 19 May 1991.


1991 430 km of Silverstone, Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 90% of the winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).


1991 430 km of Silverstone, Statistics
NB: Martin Brundle took the pole on #4 car (chassis-Nr 691) and made the best lap on #3 car (chassis-Nr 591). He raced only the #3 car being the solo driver.


1991 430 km of Suzuka
The 1991 430 km of Suzuka was the opening round of the 1991 World Sportscar Championship season, taking place at Suzuka Circuit, Japan. It took place on April 14, 1991.


1991 430 km of Suzuka, Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 90% of the winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).


1991 430 km of Suzuka, Official results
† - #16 Repsol Brun Motorsport was disqualified for using more than its allowed usage of fuel.


1991 AAA Championships
The 1991 AAA Championships was an outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA), held from 26–27 July at Alexander Stadium in Birmingham, England. It was considered the de facto national championships for the United Kingdom, ahead of the 1991 UK Athletics Championships.


1991 ABC Championship
The 1991 Men's Asian Basketball Confederation Championship was held in Kobe, Japan.


1991 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament
The 1991 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 19th edition of the event known that year as the ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament, and was part of the ATP World Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rotterdam Ahoy indoor sporting arena in Rotterdam, Netherlands, from 25 February through 3 March 1991. Unseeded Omar Camporese won the singles title.


1991 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament
The singles line up was headlined by Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) No. 3, Australian Open runner-up, Philadelphia and Memphis winner Ivan Lendl, reigning Rome champion, ATP Comeback Player of the Year Thomas Muster, and Estoril titlist Emilio Sánchez. Also present were Wimbledon semifinalist Goran Ivanišević, Monte Carlo and Tel Aviv winner Andrei Chesnokov, Jonas Svensson, Jakob Hlasek and Karel Nováček.


1991 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament, Finals, Doubles
Patrick Galbraith /  Anders Järryd defeated  Steve DeVries /  David Macpherson 7–6, 6–2


1991 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament – Singles
Brad Gilbert  was the reigning champion of the singles event at the ABN World Tennis Tournament but did not participate in this edition. Unseeded Omar Camporese won the singles title after a 3–6, 7–6(7–4), 7–6(7–4) win in the final against first-seeded Ivan Lendl.


1991 ACB Playoffs
The 1991 ACB Playoffs was the final phase of the 1990–91 ACB season. It started on Wednesday, April 3, 1991, and run until Saturday, May 19, 1991.


1991 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1991 Atlantic Coast Conference Men's Basketball Tournament took place in Charlotte, North Carolina, at the second Charlotte Coliseum. North Carolina won the tournament, defeating Duke, 96–74, in the championship game. Rick Fox of North Carolina was named tournament MVP.


1991 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament
Maryland did not participate in the tournament because the program was on probation. Top seed Duke received a first-round bye into the semifinals. The only other times an ACC team opted out of the tournament were North Carolina in 1961, Syracuse in 2015, and Louisville in 2016 for similar reasons.


1991 AFC Women's Championship
The 1991 AFC Women's Championship was a women's football tournament held in Fukuoka, Japan from 26 May to 8 June 1991. It was the 8th staging of the AFC Women's Championship. The 1991 AFC Women's Championship, consisting of nine teams, served as the AFC's qualifying tournament for the 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup. Asia's three berths were given to the two finalists - China and Japan - and the winner of the third place play-off, Chinese Taipei.


1991 AFL Grand Final
The 1991 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the  Hawthorn Football Club and West Coast Eagles, held at Waverley Park in Melbourne on 28 September 1991. It was the 94th annual Grand Final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 1991 AFL season. The match, attended 75,230 spectators, was won by Hawthorn by a margin of 53 points, marking that club's ninth premiership victory.


1991 AFL Grand Final
Reconstruction work at the larger Melbourne Cricket Ground, where most Grand Finals had been played since 1902, meant that the game was played at Waverley Park, marking the first and only time that this stadium hosted a premiership decider. The match was also the first Grand Final to feature a team (West Coast) based outside the state of Victoria.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Background
Hawthorn had played the Grand Final in seven of the previous eight seasons, having most recently won the 1989 VFL Grand Final, while West Coast was playing in its first Grand Final ever, having entered the competition just four years previously. The Eagles came into the game as strong favourites, having played through the entire 1991 season as the leading team in the competition in which they won their first 12 games and finished three games clear on top of the ladder with a 19-3 record, earning their first McClelland Trophy.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Background
Hawthorn had finished second with a record of 16 wins and 6 losses. Though starting the season slowly, losing five of their first 11 games, they lost just one more game for the rest of the home and away season. The Eagles defeated the Hawks in both their home-and-away encounters during the season, by 82 points at Princes Park in round 7 and 24 points at Subiaco Oval in round 22.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Background
In the lead-up to the Grand Final, Hawthorn defeated West Coast by 23 points at Subiaco the Qualifying Final. The Eagles subsequently defeated Melbourne by 38 points in the First Semi-Final, while Hawthorn defeated Geelong by two points in the Second Semi-Final, sending the Hawks to the Grand Final. The Eagles defeated Geelong by 15 points in the Preliminary Final to take their place in the premiership decider.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Match summary
The game was played with what appeared as a four-goal breeze towards the main scoreboard end. Eagles captain John Worsfold won the toss and kicked with the wind.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Match summary, First quarter
The ball moved up and down the field before the first of two 50-metre penalties conceded by Langford allowing Sumich to kick the first goal after ten minutes. A second penalty by Langford after a Sumich mark gave Sumich his second goal. A snap from Wilson in the pocket followed by a relay free kick to Heady stretched the margin out to four goals. A minute later Paul Dear ran into an open goal to give the Hawks their first. After the Hawks scored four behinds Sumich marked and kicked his third goal from outside 60 metres. Jason Dunstall scored a goal from a Ben Allan centreline clearance, then again Dunstall scored his second for the term from a free kick on the siren. The Eagles' lead was nine points at the first change.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Match summary, Second quarter
With Hawthorn now kicking with the breeze, Dear marked consecutive kick ins and started dominating at Centre Half Forward. Goals to Dear and Darrin Pritchard saw the Hawks take the lead. After a couple more behinds from the Hawks, Tony Hall snapped a goal and the Hawthorn lead was fourteen points. Paul Hudson added the Hawks' sixth unanswered goal before the Eagles, through Sumich and Chris Lewis, reduced the Hawks' lead to ten points at the main break.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Match summary, Third quarter
Both teams went goal for goal in this term, and the margin at three-quarter time was still ten points in Hawthorn's favour. Hawthorn had Stephen Lawrence winning the hit outs, and a dominating midfield negated any wind assistance the Eagles may have had. Heady kicked three goals for the quarter and Hawthorn's Dermott Brereton two.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Match summary, Final quarter
The Hawks blew the game open in the final term, kicking eight goals to one. Brereton took two marks in the goal square in the first three minutes to put the Hawks 23 points ahead. Fatigue was now taking its toll on the Eagles, and four later goals to Dunstall and one to Sumich saw the Hawks win by 53 points.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Match summary, Final quarter
The Norm Smith Medal was awarded to Hawthorn's Paul Dear for his workmanlike performance, especially in the tight first half. After the Eagles had started well, Dear was shifted to the half-forward line and not only kicked Hawthorn's first goal, but managed to quell the influence of Andrew Lockyer and Glen Jakovich by providing a foil for Dermott Brereton. He also backed up in the ruck when Stephen Lawrence had to be rested. Dear ended up with 18 kicks, eight handpasses and eight marks - 11 of those disposals and six of those marks came in the second quarter.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Postscript
West Coast coach Michael Malthouse said after the game that "Hawthorn had been first to the ball and clearly won in the air".


1991 AFL Grand Final, Postscript
Hawthorn's experience was seen as the decisive factor in their victory, and sparked a new club T-shirt: "Too old. Too slow. Too good." (Some commentators had previously thought the Hawks were 'too old and too slow' to ever win another premiership.) Hawthorn defender Gary Ayres made sarcastic reference to this in his post-match interview.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Postscript
By failing to win the Grand Final, West Coast tied the record for the most home and away wins by a non-Premier (matching the record of 19 wins set by Collingwood in 1973). This record was subsequently broken by Geelong in 2008.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Postscript
Hawthorn's flag closed a period in which the club won five premierships in nine years. The game also represented the final game of VFL/AFL football played by Michael Tuck. His record includes


1991 AFL Grand Final, Game day entertainment
The day was also memorable for the half-time entertainment which featured a parade of sporting celebrities in Ford Capris to celebrate the upcoming 1992 Barcelona Olympics. Included in the parade were the 1991 Brownlow medallist Jim Stynes, the Oarsome Foursome, Jeff Fenech, Fighting Harada, Lionel Rose, Lisa Ondieki and her husband Yobes, and Susie Maroney. Champion marathon runner and then Head of the AIS Robert de Castella and rock singer Angry Anderson were transported to the middle of the ground in a blue Batmobile-like vehicle with the AFL logo prominently displayed.


1991 AFL Grand Final, Game day entertainment
De Castella gave a brief speech honouring Australia's Olympians and other sporting heroes before Anderson jumped from the Batmobile and took centre stage, belting out his hit song "Bound for Glory" and encouraging the crowd to sing along. Anderson's performance has since become the subject of derision. and footage of the performance featured in a 2008 Carlton and United Breweries satirical television advertisement, with the caption stating that "CUB is a proud supporter of AFL footy since 1877 (except for 1991)".


1991 AFL draft, History
When the competition was known as the Victorian Football League (VFL), the league introduced the first incarnation of a draft system in 1981, where teams had two selections each of interstate players determined by reverse finishing position order. This was introduced as an equalisation strategy in response to the increasing transfer fees and player salaries at the time, which in combination with declining attendances, threatened to derail the league. It was also a result of the failure of country zoning, introduced in the late 1960s, which had led to a systematic inequality whereby the clubs with the best zones, like Carlton and Hawthorn, could dominate over clubs with poorer zones like Melbourne.


1991 AFL draft, History
In 1986, the first VFL draft was held. The draft saw players tied to zones based on their location of residence, with each club having first call on players falling within that zone. The West Coast Eagles received access to all West Australian players, while the Brisbane Bears received six concessionary picks before the other clubs.


1991 AFL draft, Draft rules
The minimum draft age was 16. Clubs were allowed to select only one WA player each and South Australia was off-limits because of the introduction of Adelaide. Players in Queensland and NSW/ACT could only be selected by clubs other than the Brisbane Bears and Sydney Swans respectively, if the player was older than 19 and not required by the 'local' club. Faced with these restrictions the league reduced the number of choices from eight to six. In exchange for the SA moratorium, the Crows were excluded from the draft (they could pick any South Australian, but only South Australians).


1991 AFL draft, Background
The talent pool was clearly shallow and most clubs shied away from investing too much hope in the draft. A number of the Victorian clubs, notably Richmond and Fitzroy, couldn't afford to recruit established players so stuck with country footballers and young unproven youngsters. Clubs were believed to be looking to Tasmania as perhaps the only recruiting ground which hadn't been ravaged. The Under-19's competition was still in operation and clubs had only to list players who had been drafted, and those over the age of 19. Essendon and North Melbourne at this point for example had very talented reserves sides drawn from their metropolitan zones (these zones would later provide the basis for the Northern Knights Under-18 teams).


1991 AFL finals series
The 1991 Australian Football League finals series was the 95th annual edition of the VFL/AFL final series, the Australian rules football play-off tournament staged to determine the winner of the 1991 AFL Premiership season. The series ran over four weekends in September 1991, culminating with the 1991 AFL Grand Final at AFL Park on 28 September 1991.


1991 AFL finals series
The McIntyre "Final Five" system, which had operated from 1972 until 1990, was replaced by the First McIntyre "Final Six" system. The following season, it was replaced by the Second McIntyre "Final Six" system.


1991 AFL finals series, Venues
In terms of venues, the 1991 AFL finals series was historically significant for two reasons. First, due to ongoing construction of the Great Southern Stand at the MCG, all but one of the matches of the 1991 AFL finals series were contested at Waverley Park. This was the first time since 1945 that a VFL/AFL finals series was not played at the MCG. Second, the Qualifying final at Subiaco Oval marked the first time a VFL/AFL final had been played outside of Victoria.


1991 AFL finals series, Week one (qualifying and elimination finals), First Elimination final (Melbourne vs Essendon)
The opening match of the 1991 AFL finals series saw fifth-placed Melbourne play sixth-placed Essendon in the First Elimination final at Waverley Park. This marked the 14th VFL/AFL final between the two clubs, having previously met in the 1959 VFL Grand Final, which was won by Melbourne. They had also met in Grand Finals in 1941, 1946, 1948 (with the first game resulting in the first drawn VFL Grand Final) and 1957, with Melbourne winning all except the 1946 decider.


1991 AFL finals series, Week one (qualifying and elimination finals), First Elimination final (Melbourne vs Essendon)
Essendon lost Salmon before the match with groin and ankle strains, and was replaced in the side by Peter Somerville. There were no late changes to the Melbourne team.


1991 AFL finals series, Week one (qualifying and elimination finals), First Elimination final (Melbourne vs Essendon), Match Summary
After Essendon had the better of the first half, Melbourne kicked thirteen goals to four in the second half to advance to the First Semi-final. Allen Jakovich was on fire for the Demons with eight goals.


1991 AFL finals series, Week one (qualifying and elimination finals), Second Elimination final (Geelong vs St Kilda)
The Second Elimination final saw third placed Geelong play fourth placed St Kilda at Waverley Park. Grand finalists two seasons prior, the Cats bounced back from a disappointing 1990, jumping into the Top Six after an important 40-point win against Hawthorn in Round 12 and spending much of the latter half of the season in second place behind West Coast. The Saints were the feel-good story of 1991, putting a difficult decade behind them and qualifying for their first VFL/AFL finals series since 1973. This was the second VFL/AFL final between the two clubs, having previously met in the 1968 First Semi-final, which was won by Geelong.


1991 AFL finals series, Week one (qualifying and elimination finals), Second Elimination final (Geelong vs St Kilda), Match Summary
In a wonderful clash, the Cats held out in the last quarter.


1991 AFL finals series, Week one (qualifying and elimination finals), Qualifying Final (West Coast vs Hawthorn)
The Qualifying Final saw minor premier West Coast host second-placed Hawthorn at Subiaco Oval. Not only was it the first VFL/AFL final to be played outside of Victoria, it was also the first time the two clubs had met in a VFL/AFL final. The Hawks had qualified for their tenth consecutive VFL/AFL finals series, while the Eagles had built on their third-placed finish in 1990 and won the first 12 games of 1991 to eventually finish three games clear on top of the ladder. The sides had met twice during the season - in Round 7 at Princes Park and Round 22 at Subiaco Oval - with West Coast winning both games. The build-up of excitement during the week leading up to the match resulted in Perth being dubbed 'Eagle City'.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), First Semi-final (West Coast v Melbourne)
The First Semi-final saw West Coast travel to Waverley to host Melbourne on Sunday 15 September. This was the third time both sides had met in a final, with the ledger standing at one win each. It was also the second consecutive year the two teams had met in the First Semi-final.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), First Semi-final (West Coast v Melbourne), Match Summary
Again, it was a step too far for Melbourne, with the Eagles winning comfortably.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong)
The Second Semi-final saw Hawthorn host Geelong at AFL Park on Saturday 14 September. This was the fourth finals meeting between both sides, with Geelong holding a 2-1 advantage. Their previous finals meeting was the unforgettable 1989 VFL Grand Final, which Hawthorn had won by six points. During the 1991 AFL season, the two sides had met in Round 12, with Geelong emerging victorious by 40 points.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong)
Hawthorn made only one change to the team that had beaten West Coast, with Hall in for the injured Brereton.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
The match took place in perfect conditions. Hawthorn were playing with a slight breeze advantage, and in an eventful first quarter, Hall kicked the Hawks' first two goals before being stretchered off at the 20-minute mark of the term when Hinkley hit him with an elbow to the back of the head after Hinkley had handpassed the ball. Although not reported at the time of the incident, the AFL Tribunal would later suspend Hinkley for three weeks using trial by video.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
Hawthorn's wasteful accuracy in front of goal threatened to undo its good work around the ground; only one goal had been generated from their first six scoring shots before former captain and veteran midfielder Bruns kicked Geelong's first goal against the run of play. Moments later, key forward Brownless was reported by field umpire Dore for striking Hawthorn captain Tuck with what appeared an innocuous clip around the collarbone area.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
The Cats closed the margin to four points when Garry Hocking finished off a desperate passage of play with a left-foot snap, but thereafter the Hawks controlled the rest of the quarter. Again their poor finishing let them down, only adding one more goal through Hudson and six further behinds to take a 16-point lead into the first change. Geelong struggled to make inroads in the second quarter as Hawthorn went into the main break having extended their advantage by a mere point.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
Hudson had a chance just before the siren to extend the lead to 23 points, but his set shot sailed out of bounds. Brownless had kicked two of the Cats' three goals in the quarter but was clearly hampered by hamstring problems. With Ablett out suspended, Geelong's coaching staff were forced to make a number of positional changes to rectify their problems in attack. The Cats were first on the scoreboard in the second half when Garry Hocking kicked his second goal at the 3-minute mark.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
He had just taken a running shot at goal which had missed, but was pushed in the back after his kick by Allan, and duly converted the subsequent free kick. Hawthorn replied when Dear kicked his second goal after five minutes of end-to-end action, but with Bairstow and Poole starting to get their hands on the ball and send it repeatedly into attack with long kicks, Geelong finally managed to string together successive goals.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
When the versatile Stoneham took a juggling mark and kicked truly at the 15-minute mark, the Cats had taken the lead for the first time that afternoon. Brownless, who had struggled with hamstring problems for several months and had been labouring against Langford, finally hobbled off and would not return. Hawthorn regained the lead when Dunstall, well held by Rogers, kicked his first goal, but the Cats answered quickly through goals to the lively Neeld and Bruns to lead by eight points.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
But the battle-hardened Hawks hit back when Dunstall and Robran goaled against the run of play to level the scores. Mansfield's set shot after the siren drifted wide to give Geelong a one-point lead at the last change. The final term was a tense and physical affair. Hawthorn took back the lead through goals to Dunstall and Pritchard. The game was then held up for several minutes, as Hinkley was stretchered off with concussion and a broken nose after being sandwiched in a marking contest which resulted in the Pritchard goal.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
Geelong captain Bews, who had just come off with a suspected broken hand, was forced to return to the field. It was the Cats' turn to struggle in front of goal, kicking five behinds before Neeld snapped his third at the 19-minute mark to narrow the margin to two points. Meanwhile, Hawthorn was also having injury problems, with Pritchard limping and Mew slightly groggy after a collision with teammate Ayres.


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
With time-on approaching, the Hawks gained breathing space when Jarman snapped an amazing goal from a tight angle, but a near-instant reply from Mansfield brought the margin back to one point with seven minutes remaining. The suspense in time-on was almost unbearable, with Geelong trying to regain the lead and Hawthorn holding on grimly. The Cats had a final chance when Poole found space to run with the ball and kick it long towards goal, only for the Hawthorn defence to rush a behind. A minute later, the final siren sounded with the Hawks ahead by two points, sending them straight through to the grand final and gaining a much-needed week's rest. Relieved Hawthorn coach Alan Joyce praised his side's effort:


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
"They had to be at their full in every department and to their credit they did enough to win. We have got a fortnight to prepare for the grand final and that's what we set out to achieve."


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
Geelong coach Malcolm Blight was disappointed with a number of players who had faltered under finals pressure:


1991 AFL finals series, Week two (Semi-finals), Second Semi-final (Hawthorn v Geelong), Match Summary
"There's a few blokes today who should have a good look at the way they play footy and the way they approach their football. That's what finals are [about]; trying to find out what you're made of.""


1991 AFL finals series, Week three (Preliminary final)
The Preliminary final saw West Coast return to Waverley to host Geelong on Saturday 21 September. This was the first final between the two sides.


1991 AFL finals series, Week three (Preliminary final)
After half-jokingly suggesting fifteen changes following Geelong's two-point loss the previous week, Blight ended up making only four changes to the side; two were forced, with Hinkley (three weeks) and Brownless (one week) suspended, while Denham and Simpson were dropped, replaced by Christensen, Hooper, Merriman and Scott. For West Coast, David Hynes was a late withdrawal and replaced with Adrian Barich. There were no late changes for the Cats.


1991 AFL finals series, Week three (Preliminary final), Match summary
In complete contrast to the previous week, this game was played in cold, wet and windy conditions, and the poor visibility meant the stadium floodlights had to be turned on ten minutes into the first quarter. Kicking against the wind, Geelong managed to score first through Stoneham and hold West Coast goalless until nearly the 15-minute mark. With Jakovich starting to win more ruck contests, the Eagles suddenly turned the game on its head, kicking three goals in as many minutes to go into the first break with a 22-point lead.


1991 AFL finals series, Week three (Preliminary final), Match summary
Geelong coach Malcolm Blight would later label that moment the turning point of the game. In the second quarter, West Coast worked hard playing against the wind to score two goals to Geelong's one to extend their lead to 27 points at the main break. Geelong were lucky to have that one goal counted to them, as replays showed Mansfield had clearly hit the post with his scoring attempt. The Eagles further extended their lead to 34 points early in the third quarter when Sumich kicked his fourth. The game had now reached a critical point.


1991 AFL finals series, Week three (Preliminary final), Match summary
Geelong, spurred on by experienced midfielders Bruns, Bairstow and Couch, fought back to cut the margin to 23 points at the last change. However, as they had done the previous week, the Cats let themselves down with poor finishing in front of goal in the final quarter. They drew the margin back to five points with goals to Neeld and Bairstow, but only after kicking seven behinds in the first 15 minutes.


1991 AFL finals series, Week three (Preliminary final), Match summary
West Coast steadied when Sumich kicked his fifth and sixth goals, and when Hart kicked a running goal with little time left on the clock, Geelong's season was over. The Eagles, and coach Mick Malthouse, had made it to their first Grand final, and while they had shown they could win tight games under pressure, the fact that they had played two games in the space of six days at AFL Park in difficult conditions had pundits wondering how quickly they would recover for the following week.


1991 AFL finals series, Week four (Grand Final)
This marked the first time that West Coast had qualified for the grand final, as well as the first team from outside Victoria. Hawthorn were appearing in their eighth grand final in nine seasons. They had met previously in the Qualifying final. This would be the first, and only, VFL/AFL grand final to be staged at Waverley Park.


1991 AFL season
The 1991 Australian Football League season was the 95th season of the elite Australian rules football competition and the 2nd under the name 'Australian Football League', having switched from 'Victorian Football League' after 1989.


1991 AFL season, Foster's Cup
Hawthorn defeated North Melbourne 14.19 (103) to 7.12 (54) in the final.


1991 AFL season, Premiership season
The league expanded to 15 teams with the admission of the Adelaide Crows, meaning byes were required for the first time since 1943.


1991 AFL season, Premiership season
Each team played 22 games for the season with two byes: seven teams had a bye in round 1, and one team had a bye in each subsequent round.


1991 AFL season, Ladder
All teams played 22 games during the home and away season, for a total of 165. An additional 7 games were played during the finals series.


1991 AFL season, Ladder
A team based in the state of South Australia, christened the "Adelaide Crows" after the epithet bestowed upon those from South Australia by those living in other Australian states was admitted to the AFL competition in 1991.


1991 AFL season, Match attendance
Total match attendance for the home-and-away season was 3,810,868 people. Total attendance for the finals series was 381,707 people. Attendance at the Grand Final was 75,230 people. The largest non-finals attendance was 55,735 people for the Collingwood v Melbourne game of Round 6.


1991 ATP Challenger Series
The ATP Challenger Series is the second tier tour for professional tennis organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 1991 ATP Challenger Series calendar comprised 94 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $25,000 up to $100,000.


1991 ATP Championship Series, Single Week
The 1991 ATP Championship Series, Single Week was a series of tennis tournament that was part of the 1991 ATP Tour, the elite tour for professional men's tennis organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals. It formed the tier below the Grand Slam tournaments.


1991 ATP German Open
The 1991 German Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 85th edition of the Hamburg Masters (Hamburg Masters), and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1991 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rothenbaum Tennis Center in Hamburg, Germany, from 6 May until 13 May 1991. Karel Nováček, who was seeded 13th,  won the singles title.


1991 ATP German Open, Finals, Singles
Karel Nováček defeated  Magnus Gustafsson, 6–3, 6–3, 5–7, 0–6, 6–1


1991 ATP German Open, Finals, Doubles
Sergio Casal /  Emilio Sánchez defeated  Cássio Motta /  Danie Visser, 4–6, 6–3, 6–2


1991 ATP German Open – Doubles
The 1991 German Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1991 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rothenbaum Tennis Center in Hamburg, Germany, from May 6 through May 13, 1991. Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez won in the final against Cássio Motta and Danie Visser, 7–6, 7–6.


1991 ATP German Open – Singles
The 1991 German Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1991 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rothenbaum Tennis Center in Hamburg, Germany, from May 6 through May 13, 1991. Karel Nováček won in the final against Magnus Gustafsson, 6–3, 6–3, 5–7, 0–6, 6–1.


1991 ATP Tour
The 1991 IBM ATP Tour was the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the ATP Tour. The IBM ATP Tour included the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series and the ATP Tour World Championships. The World Team Cup, Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF) are included in this calendar but did not count towards the Tour.


1991 ATP Tour, Schedule
This is the complete schedule of events on the 1991 IBM ATP Tour, with player progression documented from the quarterfinals stage.


1991 ATP Tour, Statistical information
List of players and singles titles won, alphabetically by last name:


1991 ATP Tour World Championships
The 1991 ATP Tour World Championships was the men's tennis season-ending tournament. The singles event was also known as the IBM ATP Tour World Championships and was played on indoor carpet courts at the Festhalle Frankfurt in Germany. The doubles event, also known as the Standard Bank ATP Tour World Doubles Final, was played on indoor hard courts in held in Johannesburg, South Africa. Both competitions were held between 12 November and 17 November 1991. Sixth-seeded Pete Sampras won the singles title and John Fitzgerald with Anders Järryd won the doubles title.


1991 ATP Tour World Championships, Finals, Doubles
John Fitzgerald /  Anders Järryd defeated  Ken Flach /  Robert Seguso 6–4, 6–4, 2–6, 6–4.


1991 ATP Tour World Championships – Doubles
John Fitzgerald and Anders Järryd won the final match 6–4, 6–4, 2–6, 6–4 against Ken Flach and Robert Seguso.


1991 ATP Tour World Championships – Doubles, Draw, Group A
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5) Steering Committee decision.


1991 ATP Tour World Championships – Doubles, Draw, Group B
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5) Steering Committee decision.


1991 ATP Tour World Championships – Singles
Andre Agassi was the defending champion, but Jim Courier defeated him in the semifinal.


1991 ATP Tour World Championships – Singles, Draw, Ilie Năstase Group
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5) Steering Committee decision.


1991 ATP Tour World Championships – Singles, Draw, John Newcombe Group
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5) Steering Committee decision.


1991 Abia State gubernatorial election
The 1991 Abia State gubernatorial election occurred on December 14, 1991. NRC candidate Ogbonnaya Onu won the election.


1991 Abia State gubernatorial election, Conduct
The gubernatorial election was conducted using an open ballot system. Primaries for the two parties to select their flag bearers were conducted on October 19, 1991.


1991 Abia State gubernatorial election, Conduct
The election occurred on December 14, 1991. NRC candidate Ogbonnaya Onu won the election.


1991 Abkhazian New Union Treaty referendum
A referendum on the New Union Treaty was held in  Abkhazia on 17 March 1991, as part of the wider Soviet referendum. The treaty was approved by 98.6% of voters.


1991 Abkhazian New Union Treaty referendum, Background
The treaty would have reorganised the Soviet Union  into a less centralised state. However, it was largely boycotted by the Georgian population in Abkhazia, whilst in Georgia no referendum was held.


1991 Abkhazian New Union Treaty referendum, Aftermath
The Union Treaty was approved in the republics where referendums were held, but its coming into effect was prevented by the August 1991 coup attempt and the subsequent dissolution of the Soviet Union on 26 December.


1991 Abkhazian New Union Treaty referendum, Aftermath
The fact that voters in Abkhazia approved the new union treaty while the Georgian SSR declared its independence on 9 April has been used by Abkhazia as an argument that Georgia became de jure independent from the Soviet Union without Abkhazia, which was then free to choose its own future.


1991 Abkhazian Supreme Soviet election
Supreme Soviet elections were held in Abkhazia on 29 September 1991, with a second round on 14 October. A third round was held in twelve constituencies where voter turnout had been below the 50% threshold on 1 December.


1991 Abkhazian Supreme Soviet election, Electoral system
The 65 seats in the Supreme Soviet were allocated to different ethnic groups; 28 were reserved for Abkhazians, 26 for Georgians and 11 for the other ethnic groups.


1991 Abkhazian Supreme Soviet election, Aftermath
The Supreme Soviet was only able to approve legislation in some areas of policy with a 75% majority. Following the elections, the bloc of Georgian representatives repeatedly rejected decisions, and in June 1992, began boycotting the Soviet.


1991 Adamawa State gubernatorial election
The 1991 Adamawa State gubernatorial election occurred on December 14, 1991. NRC candidate Abubakar Saleh Michika won the election.


1991 Adamawa State gubernatorial election, Conduct
The gubernatorial election was conducted using an open ballot system. Primaries for the two parties to select their flag bearers were conducted on October 19, 1991.


1991 Adamawa State gubernatorial election, Conduct
The election occurred on December 14, 1991. NRC candidate Abubakar Saleh Michika won the election.


1991 African Cup Winners' Cup
The 1991 season of the African Cup Winners' Cup football club tournament was won by Power Dynamos in two-legged final victory against BCC Lions. This was the seventeenth season that the tournament took place for the winners of each African country's domestic cup. Thirty-six sides entered the competition, Ground Fource withdrawing before the 1st leg of the first round, Ports Authority disqualified by CAF after 1st leg of the first round and Arsenal withdrawing at the same stage of the competition.


1991 African Cup of Champions Clubs
The 1991 African Cup of Champions Clubs was the 27th edition of the annual international club football competition held in the CAF region (Africa), the African Cup of Champions Clubs. It determined that year's club champion of association football in Africa.


1991 African Cup of Champions Clubs
Club Africain from Tunisia won that final, and became for the first time CAF club champion.


1991 African Cup of Champions Clubs, Top scorers
The top scorers from the 1991 African Cup of Champions Clubs are as follows:


1991 African Men's Handball Championship
The 1991 African Men's Handball Championship was the ninth edition of the African Men's Handball Championship, held in Cairo, Egypt, from 1 to 15 September 1990. It acted as the African qualifying tournament for the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.


1991 African Men's Handball Championship
Egypt finished first in the round robin tournament and wins its first African title. Algeria finished second and Tunisia third.


1991 African Men's Handball Championship, Format
8 teams qualified to the final tournament and was divided into two groups as below :


1991 African Men's Handball Championship, Format
However, because of the withdrawal of Namibia, it was decided to make a round robin tournament format of one final group regrouping the seven participated teams.


1991 African U-17 Qualifying for World Cup
The 1991 African U-16 Qualifying for World Cup was a qualifying edition organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) into the age-limit raised FIFA U-17 World Championship. The three winners qualified to the 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship.


1991 African U-17 Qualifying for World Cup, Fourth round
The winners qualified for the 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship.


1991 African U-17 Qualifying for World Cup, Fourth round
1 The second legs were scratched and Sudan and Ghana qualified for the 1991 U-17 FIFA World Cup as Egypt and Morocco were ejected from the competition for using overaged players.


1991 African U-17 Qualifying for World Cup, Countries to participate in 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship
The 3 teams which qualified for 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship.


1991 African Women's Championship
The 1991 Women's African Football Championship was the first staging of the CAF Women's Championship, the women's football championship in Africa (CAF). It determined the CAF's single qualifier for the FIFA Women's World Cup 1991. Nigeria won the tournament, defeating Cameroon in the final.


1991 African Women's Championship
Eight teams were scheduled originally to play in the tournament, but half of them withdrew, causing only four teams to compete actively for the right to represent Africa in the World Cup. Cameroon in fact reached the final by default.


1991 African Women's Championship
In the tournament, 22 goals were scored in 6 games.


1991 African Women's Championship
The majority of the details of this tournament are unknown.


1991 African Women's Handball Championship
The 1991 African Women's Handball Championship was the ninth edition of the African Women's Handball Championship, held in Egypt. It acted as the African qualifying tournament for the 1992 Summer Olympics.


1991 African Youth Championship
The 1991 African Youth Championship was a football tournament for under-20 players. It was held in Egypt from 22 February until 8 March 1991. The two best teams qualified for the 1991 FIFA World Youth Championship.


1991 African Youth Championship, Qualifying, First round
The first leg matches were played on either 10, 11 or 12 August 1990. The second leg matches were held on either 24, 25 or 26 August 1990. The winners advanced to the Second Round. Algeria, Ghana, Mali received a bye and due to the withdrawal of Burkina Faso, Liberia, Congo and Mauritius; Togo, Ghana, Cameroon and Zimbabwe received a bye as well. Guinea were disqualified.


1991 African Youth Championship, Qualifying, Second Round
The first leg matches were played on either 27, 28 or 29 October 1990. The second leg matches were held on 11 November 1990. The winners advanced to the final tournament in Egypt. Gabon were disqualified.


1991 African Youth Championship, Teams
Algeria and Tunisia would not participate in the main tournament due to the Gulf War. The following teams qualified for the main tournament:


1991 African Youth Championship, Qualification to World Youth Championship
The two best performing teams qualified for the 1991 FIFA World Youth Championship.


1991 Afro-Asian Cup of Nations
The 1991 Afro-Asian Cup of Nations was the fourth edition of the Afro-Asian Cup of Nations, it was contested by Algeria, winners of the 1990 African Cup of Nations, and Iran, winners of the 1990 Asian Games football tournament. Algeria won by the away goal after egality 2 - 2 in aggregates.


1991 Afro-Asian Cup of Nations, Match details, Second leg
Assistant referees:Mohamed Salah Belagha (Tunisia)Rachid Ben Khadija (Tunisia)Fourth official:Rachid Medjiba (Algeria)


1991 Afro-Asian Cup of Nations, Winners
Algeria won by the away goal after 2–2 on aggregates.


1991 Air Canada Cup
The 1991 Air Canada Cup was Canada's 13th annual national midget 'AAA' hockey championship, which was played April 23 – 28, 1991 at the Max Bell Centre in Calgary, Alberta.


1991 Air Canada Cup
The gold medal game was an all-Alberta showdown, as the Calgary Northstars defeated the Sherwood Park Chain Gang to become the third host team to win the national midget title. Shawn Davis scored the game-tying goal for the Northstars and Scott Bradford the game-winner in the Northstars' 2-1 defeat of the Chain Gang. Bradford was the game MVP and Davis was subsequently voted the Northstars' most improved player.


1991 Air Canada Cup
The Lions du Lac St-Louis defeated the Winnipeg Hawks to win the bronze medal.


1991 Air Canada Cup
Future National Hockey League players competing in the 1991 Air Canada Cup were Manny Fernandez, Norm Maracle, Tyson Nash, and Brad Chartrand.


1991 Air Force Falcons football team
The 1991 Air Force Falcons football team represented the United States Air Force Academy in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. In the Ram–Falcon Trophy match, the Falcons beat the Colorado State Rams to win the trophy.


1991 Akron Zips football team
The 1991 Akron Zips football team represented Akron University in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season as Division I-A independents. They were led by sixth–year head coach Gerry Faust. The Zips played their home games at the Rubber Bowl in Akron, Ohio. They finished the season with a record of 5–6.


1991 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election
The 1991 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election occurred on December 14, 1991. NRC candidate Akpan Isemin won the election.


1991 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election, Conduct
The gubernatorial election was conducted using an open ballot system. Primaries for the two parties to select their flag bearers were conducted on October 19, 1991.


1991 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election, Conduct
The election occurred on December 14, 1991. NRC candidate Akpan Isemin won the election.


1991 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
The 1991 Alabama Crimson Tide football team represented the University of Alabama in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was led by head coach Gene Stallings who was in his second season at Alabama. The team played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and at Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama. The team competed in the Southeastern Conference.


1991 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
The team improved upon a 7–5 record from Stallings's first season as they ended with an 11–1 overall record, while going 6–1 in their conference games. The September 21st win against Georgia would prove to be the first in a school record tying 28-game winning streak and a school record 31-game unbeaten streak.


1991 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Summary
In the opener against Temple, Chris Anderson had a 96-yard touchdown run from scrimmage, setting an all-time team record that still stands. One week later, Alabama traveled to Florida and got blown out, 35–0. It was the worst Tide loss in 34 years, since a 40–0 loss in 1957 to Auburn that ended the disastrous coaching tenure of J.B. Whitworth. It also cost Alabama an SEC title as the Gators went undefeated in conference play. However, it would be the last game Alabama lost until November 1993, as the next week's 10–0 victory over Georgia began a 28-game winning streak.


1991 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Summary
After lopsided victories over Vanderbilt, Chattanooga, and Tulane, the Tide started winning a series of squeakers. Against Tennessee the Tide trailed 6–3 in the fourth quarter when starting quarterback Danny Woodson left the game with a strained hamstring. Behind backup Jay Barker, Alabama rallied for three touchdowns in the fourth quarter and won 24–19. It was the Crimson Tide's sixth victory in a row in the Third Saturday in October rivalry. Barker assumed the starting job when Woodson was suspended for violating team rules before the LSU game.


1991 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Summary
Late in the fourth quarter of the Mississippi State game, the Bulldogs drove down to the Alabama 1, but Stacy Harrison's end-zone interception preserved a 13–7 victory. Against LSU, David Palmer ran a punt back 90 yards for a touchdown and Antonio London blocked a field goal with 2:39 to go to preserve a 20–17 Alabama victory. Bama eked out a 10–7 victory over lowly Memphis State after the Memphis kicker missed two second-half field goals and Alabama end John Copeland forced a fumble by the Memphis quarterback at the Tide 27 with 3:51 to go.


1991 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Summary
The season ended with Alabama's fifth straight victory by six points or less, as the Tide defeated Auburn in the Iron Bowl 13–6. Alabama faced off against Colorado in the Blockbuster Bowl and won another nailbiter 30–25 behind a punt return TD and 146 all-purpose yards from Palmer. Alabama's 11–1 record was its best since the 1979 team went 12–0 and won the national championship.


1991 Alaska Milkmen season
The 1991 Alaska Milkmen season was the 6th season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).


1991 Alaska Milkmen season, Notable dates
March 26: Alaska narrowly escape with a 100-99 squeaker over San Miguel Beermen for their second straight win and only their third victory in nine games as the Milkmen are in a must-win situation to stay in contention for a semifinals berth.


1991 Alaska Milkmen season, Notable dates
June 18: The Milkmen nip Diet Sarsi, 97-96, on Frankie Lim's triple in the last three seconds for their third straight win in the All-Filipino Conference.


1991 Alaska Milkmen season, Notable dates
June 25: Trailing by 13 points going into the fourth period, the Milkmen bounced back to deal the Tivoli Milkmasters their third straight setback, 99-94, as Alaska remains unbeaten with their fourth win in a row.


1991 Alaska Milkmen season, Notable dates
October 17: Alaska nip Swift, 108-106, for their seventh win in nine games as they dealt the Mighty Meaties their third straight setback.


1991 Alaska Milkmen season, First title
Sean Chambers was back anew for the Third Conference and "Mr.Excitement" Paul Alvarez was ready to play and rejoined his new teammates. The Milkmen were on top in Group B after the elimination round with seven wins and four losses. Alaska split their first four games in the semifinals and looks headed for another disappointing finish in search for their first championship as they were lagging behind Ginebra and Pepsi Hotshots in the standings, but just as quickly, the Milkmen bounced back with victories over Tivoli Milk and Ginebra San Miguel.


1991 Alaska Milkmen season, First title
On November 21, Alaska Milk sealed a championship showdown with Ginebra by defeating San Miguel Beermen, 94-80, in the last scheduled date of the semifinal round for their 12th win in 19 games. Alaska won their first-ever PBA title with a 3-1 series victory over Ginebra San Miguel in the best-of-five series.


1991 Alaska Milkmen season, Roster
Assistant Coaches: Chot Reyes / Aric Del Rosario Team Manager: Joaquin Trillo


1991 Albanian Supercup
The 1991 Albanian Supercup was the third edition of the Albanian Supercup, an annual Albanian football match. The match was contested by Flamurtari Vlorë, champions of the 1990–91 Albanian Superliga, and Partizani Tirana, winners of the 1990–91 Albanian Cup. It was held at the Qemal Stafa Stadium on 11 January 1992.


1991 Albanian Supercup
Flamurtari Vlorë won the match 1–0 thanks to the winner of Viktor Daullja, thus clinching their second ever title.


1991 Albanian parliamentary election
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in the People's Socialist Republic of Albania on 31 March 1991, with later rounds on 7 April and 14 April. They were the first multi-party elections since 1923, and were held after the formation of new political parties was legalised on 11 December 1990 following a strike by 700 students at the University of Tirana over poor dormitory conditions and a power failure, which subsequently became politicised under the influence of Sali Berisha.


1991 Albanian parliamentary election
The result was a landslide victory for the socialist ruling Party of Labour of Albania, which won 169 of the 250 seats. Voter turnout was reported to be 98.6%.


1991 Albanian parliamentary election, Background
The elections were held in an atmosphere of economic disruption and social instability. The ruling Party of Labour of Albania had various advantages while campaigning, such as control or influence over most media and a far larger pool of resources than its nascent opposition. There was also little opportunity for the urban-based Democratic Party of Albania and other anti-communist opposition parties to influence the rural countryside and its peasantry, who feared that the Democratic Party would privatize land holdings and restore them to pre-war landowners, which the ruling party emphasized as it focused its efforts on rural voters.


1991 Albanian parliamentary election, Background
The PLA and its associated mass organizations (such as the Democratic Front) produced a platform which rested upon stated commitments to preventing the country's slide into "chaos" along with promises of promoting the growth of a regulated market economy, support for political pluralism, and support for European integration. The Democratic Party platform promised the transformation of living standards through membership in the European Community, strong ties with the United States and other Western nations, Gastarbeiter jobs in Italian and German factories abroad, and immediate steps towards a free-market economy.


1991 Albanian parliamentary election, Background
The United States noticeably supported the Democratic Party, which the ruling PLA criticized to its own advantage. Democratic Party politician and Berisha aide Gramoz Pashko was quoted in mid-March after having visited the United States that his party would receive a "blank check" from the American Government upon coming to power, which would have entailed admission to such organizations as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.


1991 Albanian parliamentary election, Background
"David Swartz, the head of the State Department delegation sent to reopen the U.S. embassy in Tiranë, said that the United States would provide Albania with desperately needed humanitarian assistance but that economic aid would be granted only if democratic forces came to power." The National Endowment for Democracy gave around $103,000 to the dissident labor movement backing the Democratic Party along with, according to William Blum, activities aimed to "support training and civic education programs."


1991 Albanian parliamentary election, Background
Since the start of the campaign Democratic Party leaders claimed to international observers that the elections would neither be free nor fair, and later stated that the elections had been conducted amid a "climate of fear." International observers, however, generally regarded the election as fair and that fraud and manipulation were minimal despite the substantial advantages enjoyed by the PLA. Over 1,000 candidates from 11 parties or political movements, as well as a score of independents, contested the 250 parliamentary seats.


1991 Albanian parliamentary election, Aftermath
The new People's Assembly was convened on 10 April. On 29 April a new constitution came into effect proclaiming the modern-day Republic of Albania, with the new post of President coming into existence a day later and held by Ramiz Alia, who resigned from his post as First Secretary of the PLA on the same day. On 12 June 1991 the PLA was reformed into the Socialist Party of Albania.


1991 Albany Firebirds season
The 1991 Albany Firebirds season was the second season for the Firebirds. They finished 6–4.


1991 Albany Firebirds season, Roster
Rookies in italics updated March 20, 201327 Active, 0 Inactive, 0 PS


1991 Algerian legislative election
Member State of the African Union Member State of the Arab League


1991 Algerian legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Algeria on 26 December 1991. They were the first multi-party elections since independence, but were cancelled by a military coup after the first round when the military expressed concerns that the Islamic Salvation Front, which was almost certain to win more than the two-thirds majority of seats required to change the constitution, would form an Islamic state. The annulling of the elections led to the outbreak of the Algerian Civil War.


1991 Algerian legislative election
Of 430 seats contested, 232 were won outright with 50% or more of the first-round vote; the remaining 198 would have proceeded to a second round contested only by the two candidates with the highest number of votes. Voter turnout in the first-round was 59.0%.


1991 All England Open Badminton Championships
The 1991 Yonex All England Open was the 81st edition of the All England Open Badminton Championships. It was held from March 13 to March 17, 1991, in London, England.


1991 All England Open Badminton Championships
It was a five-star tournament and the prize money was US$125,000.


1991 All Japan Sports Prototype Car Endurance Championship
The 1991 All Japan Sports Prototype Car Endurance Championship was the ninth season of the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship. The 1991 champion was the #23 Nissan Motorsports Nissan R91CP driven by Kazuyoshi Hoshino and Toshio Suzuki.


1991 All-Africa Games
The 5th All-Africa Games were held from September 20 to October 1, 1991, in Cairo, Egypt. Forty-three countries participated in eighteen sports.


1991 All-Africa Games
For the first time the Games were held on a four-year cycle as planned. Egypt had hoped to use the Games to showcase the city of Cairo for a possible Olympic bid. The plan fell through after organizational difficulties once again plagued the Games. A stampede of spectators trying to get in to see the Opening Ceremonies got the Games off to a bad start. Many IOC officials and dignitaries were unable to make it into the stadium in the confusion and returned to their hotels to watch the ceremony on television.


1991 All-Africa Games
African athletes had claimed seven world championships at the previous months World Athletics Championships. Only one, steeplechaser Moses Kiptanui, decided to participate in Cairo.


1991 All-Africa Games
Highly partisan crowds, which were granted free admission to the events by the Egyptian government, filled the stadiums throughout the games, cheering the home team to another placing at the top of the medals table.


1991 All-Africa Games
It was Namibia's first participation in the world arena. The team proudly returned with four gold medals, two silver medals and seven bronze medals.


1991 All-Africa Games, Athletics
Three athletes, two female and one male, won more than one event:


1991 All-Africa Games, Athletics
In addition, Nigeria won three of the four relay races; 4x100 metres for men and women as well as women's 4x400 metres. No new events were added.


1991 All-Africa Games, Soccer
The soccer tournament was transformed to a U-23 competition. It was won by Cameroon, and it was the first Games in which the host country did not win a medal.


1991 All-Big Eight Conference football team
The 1991 All-Big Eight Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Big Eight Conference teams for the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. The selectors for the 1991 season included the Associated Press (AP).


1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team consists of American football players chosen as All-Big Ten Conference players for the 1991 college football season. The only organization that has been found to have selected an All-Big Ten team in 1991 was the Associated Press (AP), based on voting by the media.


1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The AP's All-Big Ten team was led by Michigan receiver Desmond Howard who was named the Big Ten Offensive Player of the Year and Iowa defensive end Leroy Smith and Wisconsin cornerback Troy Vincent who were named the Big Ten Defensive Players of the Year. Howard led the conference with 985 receiving yards, 21 touchdowns from scrimmage, and 19 receiving touchdowns. Howard also won multiple national player of the year awards, winning the Heisman Trophy, Maxwell Award and Walter Camp Player of the Year Award.


1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1991 Michigan Wolverines football team were undefeated in conference play and won the conference football championship. In addition to Desmond Howard, Michigan quarterback Elvis Grbac led the conference with a 161.7 passing efficiency rating and 25 passing touchdowns, and was selected as the first-team All-Big Ten quarterback for three consecutive years, receiving the honor in 1991, 1992 and 1993. Six other Michigan players received first-team honors from the AP, including running back Ricky Powers (1,197 rushing yards), offensive linemen Matt Elliott and Greg Skrepenak, defensive lineman Mike Evans, linebacker Erick Anderson, and kicker J. D. Carlson. Skrepenak was recognized as the Big Ten Offensive Lineman of the Year, and Michigan head coach Gary Moeller was named the Big Ten Coach of the Year.


1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1991 Iowa Hawkeyes football team under head coach Hayden Fry finished in second place in the conference with a 10–1–1 record, but placed only two players on the AP's all-conference first team. The Iowa honorees were center Mike Devlin and defensive lineman Leroy Smith. Smith was also named the Big Ten Co-Defensive Player of the Year and the Big Ten Defensive Lineman of the Year. Iowa quarterback Matt Rodgers was also selected by the AP as the second-team quarterback.


1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1991 Ohio State Buckeyes football team under head coach John Cooper had four players named to the AP's all-conference first team. The Ohio State honorees were defensive linemen Alonzo Spellman and Jason Simmons, linebacker Steve Tovar, and offensive tackle Alan Kline.


1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team
Indiana running back Vaughn Dunbar led the conference with 1,805 rushing yards and was selected as a first-team running back by the AP. Purdue tailback Corey Rogers was selected as the Big Ten Freshman of the Year.


1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team, Key
AP-1 = First-team selection for the Associated Press by media balloting


1991 All-Big Ten Conference football team, Key
AP-2 = Second-team selection for the Associated Press by media balloting


1991 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 60th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.


1991 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
Meath entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated in the Leinster Championship.


1991 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
On 15 September 1991, Cork won the championship following a 1-9 to 1-7 defeat of Mayo in the All-Ireland final. This was their 8th All-Ireland title overall and their first in ten championship seasons.


1991 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the 61st staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928. The championship began on 16 April 1991 and ended on 1 September 1991.


1991 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
On 1 September 1991, Kilkenny won the championship following a 0-15 to 1-10 defeat of Tipperary in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title in-a-row and their 14th title overall.


1991 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
Kilkenny's P. J. Delaney was the championship's top scorer with 2-29.


1991 All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship of 1991 was the 18th staging of Ireland's secondary hurling knock-out competition. Westmeath won the championship, beating London 2-12 to 2-6 in the final at Cusack Park, Mullingar.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship was won by Kilkenny who defeated Cork by a seven-point margin in the final. The match drew an attendance of 3,024 including President Mary Robinson.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, Final
Breda Holmes scored three goals for Kilkenny. Angela Downey’s ingenuity contributed to two of the goals, Marina Downey was the architect of the third. According to Kathryn Davis in the Irish Times:


1991 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, Final
An emotional Angela Downey, who was beset by cramp in the final minute and who looked as if she would not actually make it up the steps to receive the O’Duffy cup put it more succinctly when she said: “it was pure stubbornness. We were written off but we came back for one last hurrah.”


1991 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final was the sixtieth All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1991 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, an inter-county camogie tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship Final
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played at Croke Park on 17 March 1991 to determine the winners of the 1990–91 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the 21st season of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champion clubs of the four provinces of Ireland. The final was contested by Glenmore of Kilkenny and Patrickswell of Limerick, with Glenmore winning by 1-13 to 0-12.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship Final
The All-Ireland final was a unique occasion as it was the first ever championship meeting between Glenmore and Patrickswell. It remains their only championship meeting at this level. Both sides were hoping to make history by winning their first All-Ireland title.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship Final
Patrickswell were the second successive Limerick representatives to contest an All-Ireland decider after Ballybrown in 1990. Glenmore, who just a decade earlier were a junior club, won the title courtesy of a kicked goal from Christy Heffernan in the 33rd minute.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship Final
Glenmore's victory secured their first All-Ireland title. They became the 14th club to win the All-Ireland title, while they were the fourth Kilkenny representatives to claim the ultimate prize.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 105th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament. The championship began on 19 May 1991 and ended on 15 September 1991.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
Down defeated Meath in the final by a scoreline of 1–16 to 1–14. The Ulster county's victory was to be the start of four consecutive All-Ireland titles for the province. For Meath, it was their second consecutive defeat in a final, having lost to Cork in the 1990 final.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The Championship was noted for the tie between Dublin and Meath that took three replays to decide.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, Results, Leinster Senior Football Championship
Note for the first time since 1975 there's a full, straightforward or proper open draw top county teams such as Dublin, Meath or Offaly no longer byes to the teams to the Quarter-finals.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, Results, Munster Senior Football Championship
In 1991, for the first time in years, the Munster Championship got rid of its seeded draw system and moved to an open draw. With the exception of Tipperary in 1935, Kerry or Cork had won every Munster title since 1923. The open draw was expected to weaken Kerry & Cork, and improve Clare, Limerick, Tipperary & Waterford. Since 1947, Cork vs Kerry was the most common Munster final until 1990, but less common from then on.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final was the 104th All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
Meath had beaten Dublin in the famous four-game saga, but Down stormed into an 11-point lead and Meath's rally was too little, too late.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
This was Down's fourth appearance in an All-Ireland final, and their fourth win from four.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 105th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament. The championship began on 19 May 1991 and ended on 1 September 1991.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
Cork were the defending champions but were defeated by Tipperary in the Munster final replay. Westmeath qualified for the All-Ireland quarter-final as winners of the B championship.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
On 1 September 1991, Tipperary won the championship following a 1–16 to 0–15 defeat of Kilkenny in the All-Ireland final. This was their 24th All-Ireland title, their second in three championship seasons.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
Tipperary's Michael Cleary was the championship's top scorer with 3-35. Tipperary's Pat Fox was the choice for Texaco Hurler of the Year.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Broadcasting
The following matches were broadcast live on television in Ireland on RTÉ. In the United Kingdom Channel 4 broadcast live coverage of the All-Ireland final. Highlights of a number of other games were shown on The Sunday Game.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was the 104th All-Ireland Final and the culmination of the 1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland. The match was held at Croke Park, Dublin, on 1 September 1991, between Tipperary and Kilkenny. The Leinster champions lost to their Munster opponents on a score line of 1–16 to 0-15.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final, All-Ireland final, Overview
The All-Ireland hurling final was the final match of the 1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. The match was contested by Tipperary and Kilkenny on 1 September 1991 at Croke Park, Dublin, and had an attendance of 64,500. It was Tipperary's third appearance in the championship decider in four years, having lost and won the respective finals of 1988 and 1989. Kilkenny were lining out in their first final since losing the 1987 decider to Galway. Furthermore, it was the first championship meeting of these two great rivals since 1971, when Tipperary were the winners.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final, All-Ireland final, Overview
Tipperary were red-hot favourites and not just because of their traditional hoodoo over their nearest neighbours. The team's performances in the provincial championship and their comprehensive defeat of Galway in the All-Ireland semi-final resulted in the premier county being given the bookies nod. Kilkenny had struggles through each of their provincial games and only scraped past Antrim in the All-Ireland semi-final.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final, All-Ireland final, Match report
At 3:30pm match referee Willie Horgan of Cork threw in the sliotar and the game was on. Kilkenny took the game to Tipperary from the throw-in, with veteran hurler Christy Heffernan causing havoc for the Tipp defence, a group of players who had been lambasted for their earlier performance against Cork. On this occasion, however, they rescued the team from wave after wave of Kilkenny attack. Defensive grit kept Tipperary in the game in the first half and both sides left the field at half-time with 0-9 apiece.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final, All-Ireland final, Match report
The second-half saw Tipp get the breaks as the vital score of the match had more than a touch of luck about it. Michael Cleary, Tipp's ultra accurate free-taker, had been impressive all throughout the year. Ten minutes into the game he miss-hit a controversial twenty-metre free. The sliotar skewed into the Kilkenny net at the hill 16 end past a flat-footed Kilkenny defence. It was the score that gave Tipperary a lift and took the wind out of 'the Cats'’ sails.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final, All-Ireland final, Match report
Tipperary always had a few points to spare over their rivals after that incident, with Pat Fox finishing off a wonderful championship campaign with an insurance point that gave his team a merited 1-16 to 0-15 victory. It was his fifth from play as he collected the man of the match award. Declan Carr had the honour of collecting the Liam MacCarthy Cup on the occasion of Tipperary’s twenty-fourth All-Ireland victory.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship Final
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship Final was the eighteenth All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1991 All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship, an inter-county ladies' Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1991 All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship Final
Waterford had beaten Kerry in the Munster final to prevent a ten-in-a-row, and went on to beat Laois by seven points.


1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the 28th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.


1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
On 12 May 1991, Tyrone won the championship following a 4-16 to 1-5 defeat of Kerry in the All-Ireland final. This was their first All-Ireland title.


1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 28th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964. The championship began on 12 June 1991 and ended on 8 September 1991.


1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
Kilkenny entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Offaly in the Leinster final.


1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
On 8 September 1991, Galway won the championship following a 2-17 to 1-09 defeat of Offaly in the All-Ireland final. This was their fifth All-Ireland title overall and their first title since 1986.


1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
Limerick's Frankie Carroll was the championship's top scorer with 1-38.


1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship Final
The 1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final was a hurling match that was played on 8 September 1991 to determine the winners of the 1991 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, the 28th season of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champion teams of the four provinces of Ireland. The final was contested by Galway of Connacht and Offaly of Leinster, with Galway winning by 2-17 to 1-9.


1991 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team
The 1991 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Pacific-10 Conference teams for the 1991 college football season.


1991 All-Pro Team
The 1991 All-Pro Team is composed of the National Football League players that were named to the Associated Press, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Pro Football Writers Association, Pro Football Weekly, and The Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 1991. Both first and second teams are listed for the AP and NEA teams. These are the five teams that are included in Total Football II: The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League.


1991 All-SEC football team
The 1991 All-SEC football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) chosen by various selectors for the 1991 college football season.


1991 All-SEC football team
The Florida Gators won the conference, posting an undefeated conference record. Florida quarterback Shane Matthews repeated as SEC Player of the Year.


1991 All-SEC football team, Key
Bold = Consensus first-team selection by both AP and Coaches


1991 Allan Cup
The 1991 Allan Cup was the Canadian national senior ice hockey championship for the 1990-91 Senior "AAA" season. The event was hosted by the Thunder Bay Twins in Thunder Bay, Ontario. The 1991 tournament marked the 83rd time that the Allan Cup has been awarded.


1991 Allsvenskan
Allsvenskan 1991, part of the 1991 Swedish football season, was the 67th Allsvenskan season played. IFK Göteborg won the league ahead of runners-up Örebro SK, and advanced to Mästerskapsserien 1991 along with the teams placed 3 to 6, while the teams placed 7 to 10 advanced to Kvalsvenskan 1991.


1991 Aloha Bowl
The 1991 Aloha Bowl was a post-season college football bowl game between the Stanford Cardinal and the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets played on December 25, 1991, at Aloha Stadium in Honolulu, Hawaii. It was the tenth edition of the bowl game.


1991 Aloha Bowl
After trailing for most of the game, with just over a minute to play, Georgia Tech's Willie Clay returned a punt 63 yards to the Stanford 31. Quarterback Shawn Jones scored on a one-yard touchdown plunge with 14 seconds remaining and the Yellow Jackets completed a 2-point conversion to take an 18–17 victory.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Teams, Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets
After being named national champion by the Coaches' Poll in the previous season, Georgia Tech was coming off an uneven season, and a disappointing loss to rival Georgia. The team was led by its defense, including linebacker Marco Coleman, defensive back Willie Clay (who also returned punts), and lineman Coleman Rudolph.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Teams, Stanford Cardinal
Stanford started the season 1–3 before recovering to win the last seven games of the season, including a Big Game win over rival and #6 ranked California. The Cardinal offense was led by "Touchdown" Tommy Vardell, who had rushed for 1,084 yards and 20 touchdowns during the season, and quarterback Steve Stenstrom, who led the Pac-10 in passing.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Game summary
Stanford took the opening kickoff and drove 48 yards on six plays, with Vardell scoring from six yards out. The Yellow Jackets answered with a touchdown drive of their own, 60 yards in 10 plays, tying the game on a two-yard pass from quarterback Shawn Jones to Michael Smith. Georgia Tech got on the board again as time expired in the first quarter with a 24-yard Scott Sisson field goal.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Game summary
In the second quarter, the Cardinal tied the game on a 38-yard Aaron Mills field goal, and then took the lead on another Vardell run, this one for two yards. In addition to the two touchdowns, Vardell rushed for 104 yards on the day and was named Stanford's MVP of the game.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Game summary
Stanford held the lead through the third quarter, but the Yellow Jackets had a huge scoring opportunity when Cardinal punter Paul Stonehouse fumbled a low snap at the Stanford 18 yard line. Georgia Tech drove to the Stanford one-yard line, but Rodney Williams fumbled, and Stanford linebacker Tom Williams recovered the ball to keep Stanford's lead into the final quarter.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Game summary
As time ran down in the fourth quarter, Stanford still had a 7-point lead but was forced to punt with 1:41 left. Georgia Tech's Clay fielded the punt at his own six-yard line and made the play of the game: he returned the punt 63 yards to the Stanford 31. From there, the Yellow Jackets drove to the Stanford goal line and scored on a one-yard rush from Jones (who was named Georgia Tech's game MVP) to make the score 17–16 with 14 seconds left in the game. Instead of opting for a tie, Tech head coach Bobby Ross called for the two-point conversion and sent Jimy Lincoln over the right end to give Georgia Tech the victory.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Aftermath
Following this game, both head coaches left for head coaching jobs in the NFL: Dennis Green was named head coach of the Minnesota Vikings and Bobby Ross took the head coaching job for the San Diego Chargers.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Aftermath
Stanford hired Bill Walsh to replace Green the next season, and primarily on the strength of Green's recruits, including quarterback Stenstrom, won the Blockbuster Bowl and ended the season with a #9 ranking. Stenstrom would play five NFL seasons; Vardell was picked ninth in the 1992 NFL Draft by the Cleveland Browns and played eight NFL seasons.


1991 Aloha Bowl, Aftermath
Georgia Tech hired Bill Lewis as its next coach; he was fired in his third season after failing to have a winning record in all three seasons. Quarterback Jones had a short NFL career; linebacker Coleman had a fourteen-year career in the NFL.


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Combined, Final point standings
In Men's Combined World Cup 1990/91 only one competition was held.


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Combined, Men's Combined Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Downhill, Men's Downhill Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Giant Slalom, Final point standings
In Men's Giant Slalom World Cup 1990/91 all results count.


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Giant Slalom, Men's Giant Slalom Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Overall
In Men's Overall World Cup all results count. The parallel slalom did not count for the Overall World Cup.


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Overall
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Slalom, Men's Slalom Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Super G, Final point standings
In Men's Super G World Cup 1990/91 all three results count.


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's Super G, Men's Super G Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's Combined, Final point standings
In race 2 not all points were awarded (not enough finishers).


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's Combined, Women's Combined Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's Downhill, Women's Downhill Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's Giant Slalom, Final point standings
In Women's Giant Slalom World Cup 1990/91 all results count.


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's Giant Slalom, Women's Giant Slalom Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's Slalom, Women's Slalom Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's Super G, Final point standings
In Women's Super G World Cup 1990/91 all results count.


1991 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's Super G, Women's Super G Team Results
Overall | Downhill | Super G | Giant Slalom | Slalom | Combined


1991 Altun Kupri massacre
The 1991 Altun Köpru massacre occurred on 28 March 1991 in the Iraqi Turkmen town of Altun Köprü, Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq. The massacre targeted Turkmen males, children and adults, and was organized by security forces affiliated with Saddam Hussein's army. It came as a result of curbing the 1991 Kurdish/Turkmen and Shia uprising in the dissident areas in the north and south of the country.


1991 Altun Kupri massacre, Background
Shortly after the Iraqi army retreated from Kuwait a series of popular uprisings began in the Kurdish north and Shia south. This came as a direct result of the perception that Saddam Hussein and his leadership had become weakened by the adventurism in Kuwait and in part by the losses during the Iran-Iraq war. Saddam Hussein quickly ordered his troops and other loyalist to curb the uprising and this led to a brutal crackdown with many civilian losses.


1991 Altun Kupri massacre, Background
Altun Köpru which is located in the North of the country was among the cities which Kurdish insurgents had overrun in their quest for the disputed city of Kirkuk, which in turn the Kurds views as an integral part of the Iraqi Kurdistan. Furthermore, the Turkmens too organized uprisings in the areas of Turkmeneli (with their own motives) and expressed their opposition to the Saddam regime, but was not as military active as the Kurds. Following the withdrawal of the Kurdish insurgents an authority gap was present, and forces loyal to Saddam Hussein began to target everyone they suspected of affiliation with the uprisings. Tuz Khurmatu, a Turkmen majority town south of Kirkuk, also experienced a similar massacre of Turkmens.


1991 Altun Kupri massacre, Background
The Kirkuk area is famed for its people knowing all three languages i.e., Arabic, Kurdish and Turkmen, and its people are not foreign to marriages between each other. The relationship between Turkmens and Kurds in Altun Köpru has historically been strong and they have lived side by side for centuries, but experienced difficulties after a three day long purge in 1959, killing an estimated 20 Turkmen residents by Kurdish Iraqi communist party members.


1991 Altun Kupri massacre, Background
Turkmen familiarity with the Kurds, their own uprisings, and other aspects such as being disregarded by the Baathist Iraqi government and generally disliked due to their Ottoman heritage played a central role for the reason the Saddam regime wanted to eradicate the Turkmens in his pan-Arabist Iraq. Saddam Hussein loyalist saw this as a threat they could not risk taking and decided that all males in Altun Köpru constituted a danger. People in Altun Köpru, knowing Saddam Hussein's brutal methods dealing with dissidents, started to flee but a small percentage of mostly Turkmen men decided to stay oblivious of what was waiting them.


1991 Altun Kupri massacre, The massacre, March 28, 1991
Thursday, the 9th day of Ramadan (March 28, 1991), forces loyal to Saddam Hussein began to locate all male citizens of Altun Köpru and round them up. The orders were that all male,  indiscriminate of age should all be rounded up and taken by military vehicles to an undisclosed site near the cemetery in Dibis District for execution. Many of the males were fasting due to the holy month of Ramadan. Being rounded up along a naturally occurring pit they were shot with automatic rifles and subsequently pushed inside the pit which was filled with dirt and thus became a mass grave. The troops were later partly withdrawn and the town became calm of military activities.


1991 Altun Kupri massacre, Aftermath
Residents that had fled initially, began to return, and on April 17, the second day of Eid al fitr, a shepherd who had witnessed the atrocity came forth and told about what he had witnessed. Some youths were escorted by the shepherd to the site that he claimed was the site of the mass grave of their relatives and after digging they were convinced. The corpses had started to rot and were mostly unidentifiable but clothes and shoes left on the bodies gave an indication of who each individual was.


1991 Altun Kupri massacre, Aftermath
The first day these youths managed to bring back three corpses and it was decided that they would all be buried in Altun Köpru at a cemetery that would later be known as "Sehitler Mezarlığı" (The Martyrs Cemetery). Over the days all corpses had been retrieved and buried properly in this cemetery.


1991 Altun Kupri massacre, Aftermath
A commemoration is hold at the site of The Martyres Cemetery every anniversary that attracts almost everyone in Altun Körpu and high ranking political figures within the Turkmen community.


1991 American League Championship Series
The 1991 American League Championship Series was played between the Minnesota Twins and the Toronto Blue Jays from October 8 to 13. The Twins defeated the favored Blue Jays, winning the Series four games to one. Minnesota would go on to face (and ultimately defeat) the Atlanta Braves in seven games in 1991 World Series, ranked by ESPN as the greatest ever played.