1990 Australian federal election, Outcome
The election was to be Hawke's last as Prime Minister and Labor leader, he was replaced by Paul Keating on 20 December 1991 who would go on to lead Labor to win a record fifth successive election and a record 13 years (to the day) in government resulting from the 1993 election.


1990 Australian federal election, Outcome
At the election, the Coalition won a slim majority of the two-party vote, and slashed Labor's majority from 24 seats to nine, most of the gains made in Victoria. However, it only managed a two-party swing of 0.9 percent, which was not nearly enough to deliver the additional seven seats the Coalition needed to make Peacock Prime Minister. Despite having regained much of what the non-Labor forces had lost three years earlier, Peacock was forced to resign after the election.


1990 Australian federal election, Outcome
This election saw the peak of the Australian Democrats' popularity under Janine Haines, and a WA Greens candidate won a seat in the Australian Senate for the first time – although the successful candidate, Jo Vallentine, was already a two-term senator, having previously won a seat for the Nuclear Disarmament Party at the 1984 election, and the Vallentine Peace Group at the 1987 election. Until 2010, this was the only post-war election where a third party (excluding splinter state parties and the Nationals) has won more than 10% of the primary vote for elections to the Australian House of Representatives.


1990 Australian federal election, Outcome
Since the 1918 Swan by-election which Labor unexpectedly won with the largest primary vote, a predecessor of the Liberals, the Nationalist Party of Australia, changed the lower house voting system from first-past-the-post to full-preference preferential voting as of the subsequent 1919 election which has remained in place since, allowing the Coalition parties to safely contest the same seats. Full -preference preferential voting re-elected the Hawke government, the first time in federal history that Labor had obtained a net benefit from preferential voting.


1990 Australian federal election, Outcome
It also saw the Nationals' leader, Charles Blunt, defeated in his own seat of Richmond by Labor challenger Neville Newell—only the second time that a major party leader had lost his own seat. Newell benefited from the presence of independent and anti-nuclear activist Helen Caldicott. Her preferences flowed overwhelmingly to Newell on the third count, allowing Newell to win despite having been second on the primary vote.


1990 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1990 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix was the last round of the 1990 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 14–16 September 1990 at Phillip Island.


1990 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Cagiva sat out the last race, as the grid was headed by Mick Doohan, Kevin Schwantz, Wayne Gardner and Eddie Lawson. The start went to the Rothmans Hondas, but by the hairpin Wayne Rainey was up to third. Exiting the hairpin, Gardner almost highsided, letting Rainey through.


1990 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Rainey took the lead from Doohan, with Gardner making it a trio away at the front. Rainey was passed by Doohan on the straight, but he re-took the lead by barging through the inside of the hairpin. Doohan passed on the straight again: the Yamaha was never beaten on straight-line speed. The trio became a quartet as Schwantz caught up, having set the fastest lap of the race.


1990 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Gardner's fairing came loose after his near-crash, but he managed to pass Rainey on the straight to take second spot, and again Rainey inelegantly pushed Gardner wide on the hairpin apex, which allowed Schwantz into third. With 7 laps to go, Doohan was out front down the straight, Schwantz in second and Gardner back into third as he passed Rainey into Turn One. He then passed Schwantz before the hairpin.


1990 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Gardner passed Doohan in Turn One, causing Doohan to nearly highside through the right-hander as Schwantz closed the gap that had been forming and then goes on to pass him. Rainey was still in fourth place. On the brakes into Turn One, Schwantz had a high-speed highside and crashed out of second. Gardner won the race in front of Doohan, with a small gap to Rainey in third.


1990 Austrian legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Austria on 7 October 1990. The Social Democratic Party won the most seats, and retained the grand coalition with the Austrian People's Party. Voter turnout was 86.1%.


1990 Austrian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1990 Austrian motorcycle Grand Prix was the sixth round of the 1990 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 8–10 June 1990 at the Salzburgring.


1990 Austrian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
First turn, it’s Wayne Rainey, Mick Doohan, Sito Pons, Kevin Schwantz, Pierfrancesco Chili, Niall Mackenzie and Christian Sarron. Schwantz begins to get a small gap from Rainey and Doohan, then there's another gap to Chili.


1990 Austrian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Rainey begins to bridge the gap to Schwantz, leaving Doohan. Rainey catches and tries a draft pass, but Schwantz denies it on the brakes. Rainey claws his way to the lead, but on the uphill drag, the 160 bhp Suzuki seems more than a match for the Yamaha as Schwantz passes Rainey again. On the last lap, Schwantz’ lead holds as he wins over Rainey and Doohan.


1990 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao general election
General elections are held for the first time in the newly created Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao for the Regional Governor and Vice-Governor were held on February 12, 1990. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao region was first created on August 1, 1989, through Republic Act No. 6734 otherwise known as the Organic Act in pursuance with a constitutional mandate to provide for an autonomous area in Muslim Mindanao.


1990 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao general election
A plebiscite was held in the provinces of Basilan, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Palawan, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur; and in the cities of Cotabato, Dapitan, Dipolog, General Santos, Iligan, Marawi, Pagadian, Puerto Princesa and Zamboanga to determine if the residents would want to be part of the ARMM. Of the areas where the plebiscites were held only Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi voted favorably for inclusion in the new autonomous region.


1990 Azad Kashmiri general election
General elections were held in Azad Kashmir in 1990 to elect the members of fourth assembly of Azad Kashmir.


1990 Azerbaijani Supreme Soviet election
Supreme Soviet elections were held in the Azeri SSR on 30 September and 14 October 1990. They were the first multi-party elections in the country.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season
The 1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season was the 12th season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, The finals walkout
In the first championship of the 1990s era, crowd-favorite Añejo Rum lost to Formula Shell in the finals which ended in a walkout by the 65ers in Game Six. The Añejo coaching staff found the officiating too close for comfort as they were assessed a total of 20 fouls with import Sylvester Gray saddled with five fouls with still four minutes left in the second quarter. The two technicals slapped by referees Rudy Hines and Ernie De leon on Añejo forward Rey Cuenco triggered the walkout with still 2:52 left in the second period of Game Six, the Shell Zoom Masters on top, 62–47.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Occurrences
Last year's best import Carlos Briggs return and teamed up with Toney Mack for the Third Conference. The 65ers missed the services early of playing-coach Jaworski, assistant coach Rino Salazar and three key players, Chito Loyzaga, Dante Gonzalgo and Rey Cuenco, who were members of the all-pro team in the Beijing Asian Games. Compounding their woes was the exit of Carlos Briggs, whose attitude problems convince management to replaced him after just three games in favor of Darryl Joe.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Occurrences
Sonny Jaworski committed a punching foul on new Purefoods import Robert Paul Rose in their last game of the season as the 65ers were eliminated by Purefoods from the Third Conference semis. The Big J let go of a flying elbow with seconds left of an already won ballgame by the Hotdogs. The Añejo playing-coach was fined and suspended for one game, which took effect the following season.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Notable dates
March 20: New Anejo import Sylvester Gray, who replaces Glenn Dedmon after six games, had an excellent debut in Anejo’s 120-106 win over league-leading Shell. The former Miami Heat scored 26 points on top of 27 rebounds.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Notable dates
April 5: Dante Gonzalgo buried a gun-beating triple made possible by Yves Dignadice’s two misses from the stripe as Añejo escape with a 123-122 victory over San Miguel Beermen. It was the 65ers seventh straight win and second victory in the semifinals that pushed their won-loss slate to 10-2 while the Beermen fell to five wins and seven losses.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Notable dates
April 24: Anejo sealed a finals clash with Shell Zoom Masters in the first conference following a 150-113 rout over Presto Tivolis for their 12th win in 17 games. The 65ers were coming off a three-game losing streak after an eight-game winning run.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Notable dates
June 12: In their first game since the walkout in Game six of the first conference finals, Añejo Rum won against sister team San Miguel Beermen, 105-89.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Notable dates
June 21: Philip Cezar drove in a twinner with one second left and lifted Añejo Rum 65 to a 143-141 overtime victory over Pop Cola.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Notable dates
July 6: Sonny Jaworski scored 29 points and made his second attempt from the free throw line with a second left that won the game for Añejo in a pulsating 101-100 victory over Pop Cola in Cagayan de Oro.


1990 Añejo Rum 65ers season, Notable dates
August 14: Anejo finally broke a three-game losing spell to Purefoods by downing the Hotdogs, 136-125, to gain a playoff for the second finals berth in the All-Filipino Conference. Rudy Distrito exploded with a high of 47 points as the 65ers completed an amazing run of five straight wins after losing their first three games in the semifinals.


1990 BC Lions season
The 1990 BC Lions finished in fourth place in the West Division with a 6–11–1 record and failed to make to playoffs.


1990 BDO World Darts Championship
The 1990 Embassy World Darts Championship was held at the Lakeside Country Club in Frimley Green, Surrey from 5–13 January 1990. It saw Phil Taylor win the first of sixteen world titles, beating his mentor Eric Bristow 6-1 in sets in the final, with Taylor playing in his first ever World Championship at the age of 29. Taylor beat Russell Stewart, Dennis Hickling, Ronnie Sharp and Cliff Lazarenko en route to the final. Defending champion Jocky Wilson fell at the quarter-final stage, losing to Mike Gregory. The event also saw America's Paul Lim hit the first nine-dart finish at the World Championship in his second round match with Ireland's Jack McKenna, receiving £52,000 for his efforts. It was the only nine-dart finish ever thrown in the BDO World Championship.


1990 BDO World Darts Championship, Prize money
There was also a 9 Dart Checkout prize of £52,000, along with a High Checkout prize of £1,000.


1990 BMW European Indoors
The 1990 BMW European Indoors was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Saalsporthalle Allmend in Zürich in Switzerland and was part of Tier II of the 1990 WTA Tour. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and was held from 8 October through 14 October 1990. First-seeded Steffi Graf won the singles title.


1990 BMW European Indoors, Finals, Doubles
Manon Bollegraf /  Eva Pfaff defeated  Catherine Suire /  Dianne Van Rensburg 7–5, 6–4


1990 BMW Open
The 1990 BMW Open was an Association of Tennis Professionals men's tennis tournament held in Munich, West Germany. The tournament was held from 30 April through 7 May 1990. Unseeded Karel Nováček won the singles title.


1990 BMW Open, Finals, Doubles
Udo Riglewski /  Michael Stich defeated  Petr Korda /  Tomáš Šmíd 6–1, 6–4


1990 BMW Open – Doubles
Javier Sánchez and Balázs Taróczy were the defending champions, but did not participate this year.


1990 BMW Open – Doubles
Udo Riglewski and Michael Stich won the title, defeating Petr Korda and Tomáš Šmíd 6–1, 6–4 in the final.


1990 BMW Open – Singles
Andrei Chesnokov was the defending champion, but did not participate this year.


1990 BMW Open – Singles
Karel Nováček won the title, defeating Thomas Muster 6–4, 6–2 in the final.


1990 BP National Championships
The 1990 BP National Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Wellington in New Zealand and was part of the World Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. It was the third edition of the tournament and ran from 1 January through 7 January 1990. First-seeded Emilio Sánchez won the singles title.


1990 BP National Championships, Finals, Singles
Emilio Sánchez defeated  Richey Reneberg 6–7, 6–4, 4–6, 6–4, 6–1


1990 BP National Championships, Finals, Doubles
Kelly Evernden /  Nicolás Pereira defeated  Sergio Casal /  Emilio Sánchez 6–4, 7–6


1990 BP National Championships – Doubles
Peter Doohan and Laurie Warder were the defending champions but only Warder competed that year with Tim Pawsat.


1990 BP National Championships – Doubles
Pawsat and Warder lost in the semifinals to Kelly Evernden and Nicolás Pereira.


1990 BP National Championships – Doubles
Evernden and Pereira won in the final 6–4, 7–6 against Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez.


1990 BP National Championships – Doubles, Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.


1990 BP National Championships – Singles
Kelly Evernden was the defending champion but lost in the first round to Lars-Anders Wahlgren.


1990 BP National Championships – Singles
Emilio Sánchez won in the final 6–7, 6–4, 4–6, 6–4, 6–1 against Richey Reneberg.


1990 BP National Championships – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1990 BYU Cougars football team
The 1990 BYU Cougars football team represented Brigham Young University (BYU) in the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Cougars offense scored 524 points while the defense allowed 350 points. Led by head coach LaVell Edwards, the club participated in the Holiday Bowl.


1990 BYU Cougars football team, Preseason
Ty Detmer was entering his third year as a starter and a Heisman Trophy candidate. Head coach LaVell Edwards considered him so valuable that he was allowed to go through spring practice untouched. While Detmer and tight Chris Smith were projected to lead another high-flying BYU offense, Edwards was looking for improvement with the team's defense that had been embarrassed in the Holiday Bowl by Penn State, which had led him to pay a visit to the San Francisco 49ers in the offseason. Even with their defensive deficiencies, BYU was considered a Top 20 squad and expected to once again to win the WAC.


1990 BYU Cougars football team, Awards and honors
Runner Up WAC Defensive Player of the Year: Alema Fitisemanu


1990 BYU Cougars football team, Awards and honors
East West Shrine All Star Game: Alema Fiitsemanu, Rich Kaufusi, Chris Smith, Andy Boyce


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision
The 1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision was a collision between an Amtrak passenger train, the Night Owl, and a Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) Stoughton Line commuter train just outside Back Bay station in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. An investigation by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) found that the Amtrak train entered a speed-restricted curve at excessive speed, causing the train to derail and crash into the MBTA commuter train on an adjacent track. Although no one was killed in the accident, 453 people were injured and Back Bay station was closed for six days. Total damage was estimated at $14 million. The accident led to new speed restrictions and safety improvements in the vicinity of Back Bay and a revamp of Amtrak's locomotive engineer training program.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Accident
Amtrak #66, the Night Owl, departed Union Station in Washington, D.C. at 10:30 PM on December 11, 1990. The Night Owl was Amtrak's overnight service on the Northeast Corridor and was scheduled to arrive at Boston's South Station at 8:35 AM on December 12. At the time, electrification ended at New Haven, Connecticut, so two EMD F40PH diesel locomotives (#272 & #366) were assigned to pull the Night Owl from New Haven to Boston. Behind the two locomotives were a material handling car, a baggage car, three coaches, a dining car, two sleeping cars, another baggage car, and another material handling car. As the train approached Back Bay, a scheduled stop, there were seven crew and 190 passengers aboard.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Accident
MBTA #906 was a regularly-scheduled commuter train on the Stoughton Line, inbound from Stoughton to South Station. The train consisted of an EMD F40PH-2C diesel locomotive (#1073), similar to the Amtrak locomotives, six passenger coaches, and a control car. The train operated in push mode, meaning that the locomotive was on the rear of the train and the locomotive engineer controlled operations from the control car in the front. At the time of the accident the commuter train was coming to a scheduled stop at Back Bay, and had five crew and 900 passengers aboard.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Accident
The western approach to Back Bay is a triple-tracked tunnel, with tracks numbered 3, 1, and 2. The MBTA train was on track 1 and the Night Owl on track 2. The two tracks are immediately adjacent with no barrier between them. At the time the maximum speed for all three tracks was 30 miles per hour (48 km/h). The lead Amtrak locomotive, #272, entered the curve into Back Bay at 76 miles per hour (122 km/h), more than twice the maximum authorized speed.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Accident
At 8:23 AM the locomotive left the tracks and struck the MBTA locomotive on the adjacent track. As the collision occurred in downtown Boston, emergency medical services were on the scene almost immediately. The subsequent NTSB investigation reported 453 injuries: 50 on the Night Owl, 396 on the MBTA train, and seven firefighters who responded to the crash.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Accident
The collision destroyed all three locomotives, five Amtrak cars, and one MBTA coach. The tunnel suffered structural damage to its support columns. Dartmouth Street, immediately above the tunnel, had to be resurfaced: during the collision the two trains jackknifed and created a hole in the street. Back Bay was closed for six days after the accident. The total damage was estimated at $14 million, not including personal injury claims: $9 million in damage to infrastructure and rolling stock and a further $5 million in cleanup costs.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Investigation
The NTSB investigation focused on the operation of the Night Owl. Two crewmen had been in the cab of the lead locomotive: Willis E. Copeland, the engineer, and Richard Abramson, an apprentice engineer. Abramson was operating the locomotive under Copeland's supervision "for the entire trip."


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Investigation
Copeland had worked in the railroad industry since 1957 and as an engineer since 1969. As a road foreman for Amtrak in 1979, he ignored several stop signals and almost reached an open drawbridge at Pelham Bay. Only an automatic derailer prevented a more serious accident. Amtrak fired Copeland over the incident, but he was rehired in 1983. In March 1990 the Metro-North Railroad banned Copeland from its territory for life (with the exception of its trackage within New Haven Union Station) after "twice running through temporary stop signs set up to protect railroad employees working on an adjacent tracks." Abramson had joined Amtrak as ticket clerk in 1973 and entered the engineer training program in early 1990. He had made two round-trips over the territory as part of his training program. Copeland was personally acquainted with Abramson but had supervised other apprentice engineers.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Investigation
Review of the train event recorder showed that the Night Owl had exceeded the maximum authorized speed of 100 miles per hour (160 km/h), apparently to make up for lost time between New Haven and Boston. Copeland claimed that he instructed Abamson to begin braking at Ruggles station, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) from Back Bay, that the train failed to slow normally upon brake application, and that emergency braking was applied before the train entered the tunnel.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Investigation
Data from the recorder did not substantiate this (braking was not initiated until shortly before the train entered the tunnel, and emergency braking a mere 480 feet (150 m) - less than four seconds of travel time - before reaching the point of derailment), and in the view of the NTSB even if the Night Owl had begun braking at that point it would still have been going too fast when it reached the curve. Any speed over 59 miles per hour (95 km/h) would have led to the derailment and subsequent collision. When it entered the Back Bay tunnel, the Night Owl was still traveling at 103 miles per hour (166 km/h), and slowed only to 76 miles per hour (122 km/h) before the recorder ceased to function.


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Investigation
Given the involvement of Abramson, the NTSB reviewed Amtrak's locomotive engineer training program and pinpointed several areas for improvement:


1990 Back Bay, Massachusetts train collision, Aftermath
The NTSB found that Amtrak was entirely at fault for the accident and that the "probable cause" was Abramson's failure to brake in time and Copeland's failure to supervise him properly. The NTSB also faulted Amtrak's supervision of its engineer training program and the lack of warning devices at the curve. The NTSB later amended its findings to remove specific reference to Abramson; the amended probable cause blamed Copeland for failing to properly supervise and ensure the train was braked in time. Amtrak fired both Abramson and Copeland. By 1992, Amtrak had installed automatic warning devices which would brake a train approaching the curve too fast.


1990 Badminton World Cup
The 1990 Badminton World Cup was the twelfth edition of an international tournament Badminton World Cup. The event was held in 1990. Competitions for group stage were conducted in Bandung while final matches were scheduled for Istora Senayan in Jakarta. Indonesia won the women's singles and mixed doubles events while China won the men's singles & women's doubles categories. Malaysia secured a title in men's doubles discipline.


1990 Ball State Cardinals football team
The 1990 Ball State Cardinals football team was an American football team that represented Ball State University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. In its sixth season under head coach Paul Schudel, the team compiled a 7–4 record (5–3 against conference opponents) and finished in a tie for third place out of ten teams in the MAC. The team played its home games at Ball State Stadium in Muncie, Indiana.


1990 Ball State Cardinals football team
The team's statistical leaders included Mike Neu with 1,004 passing yards, Bernie Parmalee with 1,010 rushing yards, Mike LeSure with 398 receiving yards, and Kenny Stucker with 66 points scored.


1990 Ballon d'Or
The 1990 Ballon d'Or, given to the best football player in Europe as judged by a panel of sports journalists from UEFA member countries, was awarded to Lothar Matthäus on 25 December 1990.


1990 Baltic League
1990 Baltic League (Russian: Чемпионат Прибалтики по футболу 1990) was Soviet and at the same time international football competition organized in 1990 with the ongoing dissolution of the Soviet Union. The league consisting of 18 clubs from the Lithuania SSR, Estonian SSR, the Latvian SSR and FC Progress Cherniakhovsk from Kaliningrad Oblast. The status of the tournament is not fully determined. The league also served as a preliminary (first stage) tournament for the first post-Soviet Lithuanian football championship.


1990 Baltic League
With the ongoing revolutions of 1989, in 1990 the Baltic republics declared reinstatement of their independence and exit out of the Soviet Union. Lithuania declared its independence on March 11, on March 30 the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic announced that its existence is not legal by recognizing itself as a territory under the Soviet occupation since 1940, Latvia simply repeated the feat of Lithuania on May 4.


1990 Baltic League
The Lithuanian club Žalgiris, a member of the Soviet Top League after losing its first game in Odesa 0–1 to Chernomorets Odessa, withdrew from the 1990 Soviet Top League and joined the Baltic League. The club that in previous season qualified for the 1990–91 UEFA Cup was denied entrance to the European competitions.


1990 Baltic League, History
The four best Lithuanian teams from Baltic League and the 1 Lyga qualified for the National Championship play-off. Also all Lithuanian clubs from the Baltic League qualified for the next season of A Lyga. Most of Latvian clubs also joined the championship of Latvia (Latvian SSR), while some continued their participation in the Soviet championship. The Soviet Estonian clubs after the fall of the Soviet Union were dissolved, while Progress Chernyakhovsk continued to participate in lower leagues of the Russian championship.


1990 Baltic League, History
Note that Pardaugava also this season competed in the 1990 Soviet Second League (as Daugava Riga), while Zalgiris just pulled out of the Soviet competitions after playing the first game of the 1990 Soviet Top League, losing it away in Odessa. Also both Chernyakovsk and Yelgava clubs competed in the 1990 Soviet Second League B, Zone 6.


1990 Baltic League, Play-offs for the football champion title of Lithuania
Play-offs were organized between the Lithuanian clubs of all-Union Soviet professional competitions and competitions of the Lithuanian SSR.


1990 Baltimore Orioles season
The 1990 Baltimore Orioles season  was a season in American baseball in which the Orioles finished fifth in the American League East with a record of 76 wins and 85 losses.


1990 Baltimore Orioles season, Regular season
On May 25, 1990, the Orioles announced that the team would move their spring training home games from Miami Stadium where they had played since 1959 to Bradenton and Sarasota in 1991. When Cleveland announced that they would leave Hi Corbett Field for Florida, Tucson tried to attract the Orioles to move to Arizona.


1990 Baltimore Orioles season, Regular season
Ben McDonald became the first Oriole to win his first six major league decisions.


1990 Baltimore Orioles season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1990 Banespa Open
The 1990 Banespa Open (known as such in 1990 for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor carpet courts. It was the 2nd edition of the event known that year as the Banespa Open, and was part of the ATP World Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. It took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2 April through 8 April 1990. Luiz Mattar won the singles title.


1990 Banespa Open, Finals, Doubles
Brian Garrow /  Sven Salumaa defeated  Nelson Aerts /  Fernando Roese, 7–5, 6–3


1990 Banespa Open – Doubles
Jorge Lozano and Todd Witsken were the defending champions, but neither of them entered the event that year. Brian Garrow and Sven Salumaa won the title, defeating Nelson Aerts and Fernando Roese 7–5, 6–3, in the final.


1990 Banespa Open – Singles
Luiz Mattar was the defending champion, and retained his title defeating Andrew Sznajder 6–4, 6–4, in the final.


1990 Bangkok gas explosion
The gas explosion on New Phetchaburi Road in Bangkok was a major disaster in Thailand. It took place on 24 September 1990, when a liquid petroleum gas tanker truck crashed on the expressway exit at New Phetchaburi Road, causing large explosions and fires that burned through 51 shop-houses for over 24 hours. 88 people died, 36 were injured and 67 cars were destroyed, making it one of the deadliest man-made disasters in Thailand.


1990 Bangkok gas explosion, Further reading
This article about disaster management or a disaster is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1990 Bangkok gas explosion, Further reading
This Thailand-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence
In 1990, a series of attacks against the Bengali Hindus in Bangladesh occurred in late October and early November, following a rumour that the Babri mosque in Ayodhya in India had been demolished. The attacks on the Hindus began on 30 October and continued till 2 November.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Background
In 1988, President Hussain Muhammad Ershad, had amended the Constitution of Bangladesh to declare Islam as the state religion of Bangladesh. In the fall of 1989, an anti-Hindu pogrom took place in Bangladesh, marked by widespread destruction of Hindu temples and violence against the Hindus, following the laying of foundation of Ram temple in faraway Ayodhya in Uttar Pradesh, India. The relations between the majority Muslims and minority Hindus remained tense and as the events unfolded in Ayodhya.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Attacks
On 29 October, the Jamaat-e-Islami-funded  newspaper The Daily Inqilab ran a top story "Babri mosque destroyed". Tensions began to mount in the country after the publication of the news and spread of the rumour that Babri mosque had been demolished.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Attacks, Dhaka
In Old Dhaka, Muslim protesters attempted to set fire to Hindu temples which was foiled by the police. The demonstrators, however, seized the cameras of the newsmen outside the temple. The administrator imposed curfew in parts of Dhaka following the incident. On 30 October, while President Hussain Muhammad Ershad was addressing a youth conference in Bangabhavan, Islamist mobs attacked the Gouri Math and set fire to Hindu-owned shops just to the south of Bangabhavan. On 31 October, a 1,000 strong Muslim mob marched to the Indian embassy in Dhaka and beat up a middle aged Hindu man just outside the embassy. The curfew was extended to the entire city.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Attacks, Dhaka
In Lalbagh, the Dhakeshwari Temple and other buildings with the temple complex were looted, vandalised and set on fire. The residence of the priest and ten other Hindu families were looted, vandalised and set on fire. The priest saved his life by jumping over the wall of the temple complex. The arson continued for four hours. The Durga temple at Lalbagh Road, the Girigovardhan Jiu temple at Pushparaj Saha Lane, Raghunath Jiu akhara at Haranath Ghosh Lane and the Kamrangirchar crematorium at Lalbagh was looted and vandalised. More than 50 Hindu houses and shops were looted at vandalised at Lalbagh Road and Haranath Ghosh Road.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Attacks, Dhaka
In Hazaribagh, three Hindu temples in Bhagalpur Lane were attacked, looted and vandalised. The images were broken. 17 Hindus were stabbed at Nagar Beltoli Lane. In Nagar Beltoli and Hazaribagh around 100 Hindu houses and shops and about a dozen Hindu temples were looted vandalised and set on fire. In Sutrapur, fourteen Hindu temples, akharas and mutts were attacked, looted, vandalised and set on fire. More than 100 Hindu shops and houses were looted and vandalised. In most cases they were set on fire.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Attacks, Chittagong
Tension also began to mount in Chittagong, the second largest city of Bangladesh with a 30% Hindu population. On the evening of 30 October, trouble erupted in the city. Muslim mobs took to the streets in protest of the alleged demolition of the Babri mosque in Ayodhya. The police fired in the air to disperse the crowd and imposed indefinite curfew in Chittagong. After the midnight past 30 October, a 2,000 strong Islamist mob armed with knives and iron rods rampaged through the residential area surrounding the Kaibalyadham temple and set fire to more than 300 Hindu homes.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Attacks, Chittagong
When the fire fighters arrived, the mob prevented them from entering the area. During the midnight attacks, around 1,500 Hindu fishermen of Chowkbazar fled their homes. A 200 strong mob tried to destroy temples and burn Hindu-owned shops in Reazuddin Bazar and Chittagong Medical College. 50 thatched huts of Hindu fishermen were destroyed. A Hindu-owned garage was attacked and five vehicles were damaged. On the dawn of 31 October, a group of 100 Islamists broke the curfew and desecrated a Hindu shrine. On 2 November, the curfew was relaxed for a few hours to allow for the Friday prayers. A 500 strong Islamist mob, armed with knives and home made bombs attacked a Hindu village in the outskirts of Chittagong. Around 100 Hindus were injured in separate incidents of violences in Patharganj, Boalkhali, Anwara and Hathazari.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Attacks, Other places
Anti - Hindu violence was reported from Dhaka and 12 other cities of Bangladesh. The Daily Ittefaq reported incidents of anti-Hindu violences from Jessore, Narail, Gaibandha, Mymensingh, Sunamganj and Sylhet.


1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence, Aftermath
The Hindus displaced during the attacks on Pahartali in Chittagong, set up a refugee camp on a hill above the Kaibalyadham temple, where around 500 Hindus took shelter.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300
The 1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that took place on June 10, 1990, at Sears Point International Raceway in Sonoma, California.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300
Mike Chase, Butch Gilliland, and Jack Sellers would make their introductions into the NASCAR Cup Series in this event while Stan Barrett and Ted Kennedy would leave the Cup Series after this event.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300, Race report
A grand total of 44 American-born drivers participated in this 74-lap event. Hershel McGriff was the unfortunate last-place finisher due to a problematic stock car engine on the second lap. While Jack Sellers was the last man to actually finish the event, a faulty engine on lap 70 prevented Morgan Shepherd from finishing anywhere except in the middle of the pack. The average green flag run was determined to be 6 laps; with slightly more than 32% of the entire race being run under a caution flag. Race-related accidents and vehicles stalling out on the relatively long road course track where the majority of the reasons behind the yellow flag laps.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300, Race report
Ricky Rudd had two tire issues in the mid section of this one but came back to finish third; he was running second at the end until Mark Martin passed him and began to quickly close on Rusty. However, the final caution ended his chances of catching the #27 vehicle. Martin also himself had issues, making contact with Dale Earnhardt on a restart early on just as Rudd had his first tire issue.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300, Race report
I was going into a turn when a tire blew and spun me around, The next thing I knew I was flying through the air. The car landed so far up in the sticks I don't know how we'll get it back


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300, Race report
After two hours and forty-five minutes of racing, Rusty Wallace would defeat Mark Martin under the race's final caution flag; Wallace's high-speed training here paid off with this being the first of his two trips to victory lane in NASCAR Cup series action on the California road course. Amongst the drivers who failed to qualify for the race were Jimmy Means and Mike Hickingbottom. Mark Martin would maintain a 62-point lead for the 1990 Winston Cup Series championship against Morgan Shepherd after this event was through. This would be Rusty's last road course until 1996 at this track, then the last one of his career. It was a very road course heavy early career for Rusty then the wins dried up on road courses after that.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300, Race report
Vehicles in this race ran speeds averaging up to 69.245 miles per hour (111.439 km/h); making it the slowest NASCAR Cup Series event in the history of Sonoma Raceway.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300, Race report
West Series driver and occasional Truck Series racer Terry Fisher was competitive all race and ended up a more-than-respectable 15th on the lead lap.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300, Race report
After this race, Mark Martin had a 136-point lead over Dale Earnhardt who was 4th in points after this race. Mark didn't lose the championship because of the penalty at Richmond. He lost it because Earnhardt dominated the rest of the year and took the championship away from him.


1990 Banquet Frozen Foods 300, Race report
Individual earnings for each driver ranged from the winner's share of $69,100 ($136,880 when adjusted for inflation) to the last-place finisher's share of $3,325 ($6,586 when adjusted for inflation). NASCAR officials were authorized to hand out a sum of $443,457 to all the drivers who qualified for this racing event ($878,442 when adjusted for inflation).


1990 Bantala rape case
On 30 May 1990, three health officers, two from the Health Department of the Government of West Bengal and one from UNICEF were raped by a group of miscreants in Bantala Road when they were returning from Gosaba Rangabelia. One of the officers and their driver died while resisting the attackers.


1990 Bantala rape case, Incident
On 30 May 1990, a team of three health officers were returning to Kolkata after inspecting an immunization program in Gosaba. The team consisted of Anita Dewan, the Deputy District Extension Media Officer of the West Bengal Health Department; Uma Ghosh, a senior officer of the Health Department; and Renu Ghosh, a representative of UNICEF's World Health Organization office in New Delhi. Around 6:30 pm when they had reached Bantala near the Eastern metropolitan bypass, a group of 4-5 youths stopped their car near the local club .


1990 Bantala rape case, Incident
The driver Abani Naia made an attempt to escape, but he lost control and the car overturned. In the meantime, another gang of 10-12 youths arrived at the spot, who pulled one of the ladies out of the car, while the others pulled out the other two ladies. The driver of the car tried to resist the youths, but failed. The attackers killed the driver and set the car on fire. The lady officers were then taken to a nearby paddy field and raped. One of the ladies, who tried to resist the rapists was killed.


1990 Bantala rape case, Incident
The police brought the naked bodies of the officers to the emergency department of Calcutta National Medical College at around 11:30 pm. Initially they were presumed to be dead, but later two of them was found to be alive and were admitted for treatment. One lady doctor who examined the dead woman fainted when she discovered a metallic torch in the vagina of the officer.


1990 Bantala rape case, Incident
The injured driver was transferred to SSKM Hospital for treatment. He bore 43 wounds in his body caused by blunt, sharp and heavy weapons. His penis was smashed by the attackers. On 4 June 1990 at 5:40 am, he died. The autopsy of his body was carried out by Dr. Biswanath Kahali, a Medical Officer on Training Reserve of the Health Department.


1990 Bantala rape case, Investigation
Prasanta Sur, the then Health Minister of West Bengal, defended the mob by contending that the victims might have been mistaken as child-abductors. But there is controversy regarding actual cause of the incident. The then Chief Minister Mr. Jyoti Basu made a casual remark regarding the incident which has strongly been criticized by the media all over India. However, the government carried out investigation and finally, the six accused in the case served life-imprisonment.


1990 Barber Saab Pro Series
The 1990 Barber Saab Pro Series season was the fifth season of the series. All drivers used Saab powered Goodyear shod Mondiale chassis. Rob Wilson won the championship. Wilson was the first non-American to win the Barber Saab Pro Series.


1990 Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council election
The 1990 Barking and Dagenham Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Labour party stayed overwhelmingly in overall control of the council.


1990 Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council election, Background
102 candidates nominated in total. Labour again ran a full slate and was the only party to do so. By contrast the Conservative Party ran only 33 candidates whilst the Liberal Democrats and the Liberal Democratic Focus Team ran a combined 17.


1990 Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council election, Election result
Labour continued to win a large majority of seats - 44 out of 48. The Residents Association held their 3 seats. The Liberal Democratic Focus Team won 1 seat.


1990 Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council election, By-elections between 1990 and 1994, Alibon
The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr. Trevor A. Watson.


1990 Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council election, By-elections between 1990 and 1994, Chadwell Heath
The by-election was called following the death of Cllr. Raymond Gowland.


1990 Barnet London Borough Council election
The 1990 Barnet Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Barnet London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative party stayed in overall control of the council.


1990 Barnet London Borough Council election, By-elections between 1990 and 1994, Burnt Oak
The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr. Malcolm G. Sargeant.


1990 Barnet London Borough Council election, By-elections between 1990 and 1994, Mill Hill
The by-election was called following the death of Cllr. Denis L. Dippel.


1990 Barnet London Borough Council election, By-elections between 1990 and 1994, Garden Suburb
The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr. Veronica C. Soskin.


1990 Barnet London Borough Council election, By-elections between 1990 and 1994, West Hendon
The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr. Timothy J. K. Sims.


1990 Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council were held on 4 May 1990, with one third of the council up for election. The election resulted in Labour retaining control of the council.


1990 Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council election, Ward results
+/- figures represent changes from the last time these wards were contested.


1990 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting
Elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame for 1990 followed the system in place since 1978. The Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) voted by mail to select from recent major league players and elected two, Joe Morgan and Jim Palmer. The Veterans Committee met in closed sessions to consider older major league players as well as managers, umpires, executives, and figures from the Negro leagues. It selected no one. A formal induction ceremony was held in Cooperstown, New York, on August 6, 1990; after being delayed a day due to rain, it was held indoors due to continued bad weather.


1990 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting, BBWAA election
The BBWAA was authorized to elect players active in 1970 or later, but not after 1984; the ballot included candidates from the 1989 ballot who received at least 5% of the vote but were not elected, along with selected players, chosen by a screening committee, whose last appearance was in 1984. All 10-year members of the BBWAA were eligible to vote.


1990 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting, BBWAA election
Voters were instructed to cast votes for up to 10 candidates; any candidate receiving votes on at least 75% of the ballots would be honored with induction to the Hall. The ballot consisted of 44 players; a total of 444 ballots were cast, with 333 votes required for election. A total of 3,050 individual votes were cast, an average of 6.87 per ballot. Those candidates receiving less than 5% of the vote will not appear on future BBWAA ballots, but may eventually be considered by the Veterans Committee.


1990 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting, BBWAA election
Candidates who were eligible for the first time are indicated here with a dagger (†). The two candidates who received at least 75% of the vote and was elected is indicated in bold italics; candidates who have since been elected in subsequent elections are indicated in italics. The 20 candidates who received less than 5% of the vote, thus becoming ineligible for future BBWAA consideration, are indicated with an asterisk (*).


1990 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting, BBWAA election
Roy Face was on the ballot for the 15th and final time.


1990 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting, BBWAA election
The newly eligible candidates included 19 All-Stars, four of whom were not on the ballot, who were selected a total of 50 times. The field included 10-time All-Star Joe Morgan, 6-time All-Star Jim Palmer, and 5-time All-Star Amos Otis. The group of new candidates include one MVP (Morgan, who won twice), one Cy Young Award winner (Palmer, who won thrice), and one Rookie of the Year (Lou Piniella).


1990 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting, BBWAA election
Players eligible for the first time who were not on the ballot were: Glenn Abbott, Jerry Augustine, Tom Burgmeier, John Curtis, Jim Essian, Pete Falcone, Ron Hodges, Ron Jackson, Frank LaCorte, Jerry Martin, Milt May, Larry Milbourne, Sid Monge, Biff Pocoroba, Ron Reed, Leon Roberts, Craig Swan, Tom Underwood, Mike Vail, and Tom Veryzer.


1990 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting, J. G. Taylor Spink Award
Jerome Holtzman (1926–2008) received the J. G. Taylor Spink Award honoring a baseball writer. The award was voted at the December 1989 meeting of the BBWAA, and included in the summer 1990 ceremonies.


1990 Baseball World Cup
The 1990 Baseball World Cup (BWC) was the 31st international Men's amateur baseball tournament. The tournament was sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation, which titled it the Amateur World Series from the 1938 tournament through the 1986 AWS. The tournament was held, for the only time, in Canada from August 4 to 19. Cuba defeated Nicaragua in the final to win its 20th title.


1990 Baseball World Cup
There were 12 participating countries, with all games played in the city of Edmonton.


1990 Baseball World Cup
The next eight competitions were also held as the BWC tournament, then was replaced in 2015 by the quadrennial WBSC Premier12.


1990 Basildon District Council election
The 1990 Basildon District Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Basildon District Council in Essex, England. This was on the same day as other local elections. One third of the council was up for election; the seats which were last contested in 1986. The Labour Party gained control of the council, which had been under no overall control since 1987.


1990 Basildon District Council election, Overall results
All comparisons in vote share are to the corresponding 1986 election.


1990 Basilicata regional election
The Basilicata regional election of 1990 took place on 6 and 7 May 1990.


1990 Basilicata regional election, Events
Christian Democracy was by far the largest party, gaining more than twice the share of vote of its main competitors, the Italian Communist Party, which had its worst result ever in a regional election, and the Italian Socialist Party, that gained its best result ever. After the election Christian Democrat Antonio Boccia was elected President of the Region.


1990 Basque Pelota World Championships
The 1990 Basque Pelota World Championships were the 11th edition of the Basque Pelota World Championships organized by  the FIPV.


1990 Basque Pelota World Championships, Events
A total of 13 events were disputed, in 4 playing areas.


1990 Basque regional election
The 1990 Basque regional election was held on Sunday, 28 October 1990, to elect the 4th Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.


1990 Basque regional election
The Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) won 22 seats, the Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) came second with 16 seats, Popular Unity (HB) came third with 13 seats and Basque Solidarity (EA) won 9 seats. The People's Party (PP) and Basque Country Left (EE) each won 6 seats.


1990 Basque regional election, Overview, Electoral system
The Basque Parliament was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution of 1978 and the regional Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a lehendakari.


1990 Basque regional election, Overview, Electoral system
Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency.


1990 Basque regional election, Overview, Electoral system
Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Álava, Biscay and Guipúzcoa, being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats each to provide for an equal representation of the three provinces in parliament as required under the regional statute of autonomy. This meant that Álava was allocated the same number of seats as Biscay and Gipuzkoa, despite their populations being, as of 1 July 1990: 272,282, 1,160,364 and 679,076, respectively.


1990 Basque regional election, Overview, Electoral system
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.


1990 Basque regional election, Overview, Election date
The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country (BOPV), with election day taking place between the fifty-fourth and the sixtieth day from publication. The previous election was held on 30 November 1986, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 30 November 1990. The election decree was required to be published in the BOPV no later than 23 November 1993, with the election taking place up to the sixtieth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Saturday, 5 January 1991.


1990 Basque regional election, Overview, Election date
The lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called.


1990 Basque regional election, Opinion polls
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font. 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament.


1990 Bath City Council election
The 1990 Bath City Council election was held on Thursday 3 May 1990 to elect councillors to Bath City Council in England. It took place on the same day as other district council elections in the United Kingdom. One third of seats were up for election.


1990 Bath City Council election, Ward results
Sitting councillors seeking re-election, elected in 1986, are marked with an asterisk (*). The ward results listed below are based on the changes from the 1988 elections, not taking into account any party defections or by-elections.


1990 Batticaloa massacre
The 1990 Batticaloa massacre, also known as  the Sathurukondan massacre (Tamil: சத்துருக்கொண்டான் படுகொலை), was a massacre of at least 184  minority Sri Lankan Tamil refugees, including infants, from three villages in the Batticaloa District by the Sri Lankan Army on September 9, 1990. Although the government instituted two investigations, no one was ever charged.


1990 Batticaloa massacre, Background information
During the British colonial period, approximately 60% of the civil service jobs were held by the minority Sri Lankan Tamils, who constituted approximately 15% of the population prior to 1948. This was partly due to the availability of Western-style education provided by the Protestant American Ceylon Mission, Hindu revivalists, and local Catholic missions in the Tamil-dominated Jaffna peninsula. After gaining independence from Britain in 1948, Sinhalese politicians made the over-representation a political issue. They initiated measures aimed at correcting the over-representation by establishing ethnic quotas for university entrants.


1990 Batticaloa massacre, Background information
These measures, and a series of riots and pogroms starting from 1958 that targeted Sri Lankan Tamils and the resultant mass murder, displacements and refugees, led to the formation of rebel groups advocating independence for Sri Lankan Tamils. After the 1983 Black July pogrom, full-scale civil war erupted between the government and the rebel groups. During the course of the civil war there were a number of massacres of civilians, war rapes, torture and enforced disappearances attributed to both the government and allied groups as well as the various rebel formations.


1990 Batticaloa massacre, The massacre
The village of Sathurukondan lies just beyond Iruthayapuram, the northern suburb of Batticaloa. At 5:30 p.m. on September 9, 1990, armed men in uniform and in civilian clothes came into the area and ordered everyone to come on to the road. They were then marched to the army camp in the vicinity after being told that they would be questioned and released. Most of those who were left in the village that day were elderly, women and the very young.


1990 Batticaloa massacre, The massacre
According to the only survivor, Kanthasamy Krishnakumar (21), in a recording made before leading citizens in Batticaloa:


1990 Batticaloa massacre, The massacre
Fifty commandos walked about 150 of us to the Saturukondan army camp, which we reached about 7.00 or 8.00 p.m. Four were separated from the rest, attacked with swords and kris knives and were pulled away out of the camp. All were then taken to one place, attacked and burnt with tyres.


1990 Batticaloa massacre, The massacre
Krishnakumar who was injured, managed to roll out of sight in the semi-darkness, crept away to a house and asked for water. He then went to his village and stayed in an empty house, and later found his way to his cousin's in Batticaloa town.


1990 Batticaloa massacre, The massacre
The list of victims totaled 184 (38 Sathurukondan, 47 Kokuvil, 37 Panniachchiady and 62 Pillayarady). Of this number, there were 47 children below the age of 10 and several women.


1990 Batticaloa massacre, Government investigation
Retired judge K. Palakidnar of the Special Presidential Commission of inquiry appointed by the People's Alliance government described the massacre in detail in his final report. According to the report of the commission of inquiry, 5 infants, 42 children under ten, 85 women and 28 old persons were among the 184 villagers who were murdered. The judge also identified three captains of the Sri Lankan Army: Warnakulasooriya, Herath and Wijenaike as the responsible parties.


1990 Batticaloa massacre, Government investigation
The judge in his report urged the Sri Lankan President that there is strong evidence for the massacre and that legal action should be taken against the perpetrators. Although indictment levelled against alleged miscreants by the Human Rights Task Force, no action has been taken against the alleged perpetrators. Within the Batticaloa district, during the late 1980s and early 1990s a total of 1,100 civilians disappeared, assumed killed.


1990 Bausch & Lomb Championships
The 1990 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1990 WTA Tour. It was the 11th edition of the tournament and was held from April 9 through April 15, 1990. First-seeded Steffi Graf won the singles title.


1990 Bausch & Lomb Championships, Finals, Doubles
Mercedes Paz /  Arantxa Sánchez Vicario defeated  Regina Rajchrtová /  Andrea Temesvári 7–6(7–5), 6–4


1990 Bavarian state election
The 1990 Bavarian state election was held on 14 October 1990 to elect the members of the 12th Landtag of Bavaria. It took place shortly after the formal reunification of Germany on 3 October. The Christian Social Union (CSU) led by Minister-President Max Streibl retained its majority. The Free Democratic Party (FDP) also re-entered the Landtag for the first time since 1982.


1990 Bavarian state election, Parties
The table below lists parties represented in the 11th Landtag of Bavaria.


1990 Baylor Bears football team
The 1990 Baylor Bears football team (variously "Baylor", "BU", or the "Bears") represented Baylor University in the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. They were represented in the Southwest Conference. They played their home games at Floyd Casey Stadium in Waco, Texas. They were coached by head coach Grant Teaff.


1990 Belarusian Supreme Soviet election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1990 to elect the twelfth Supreme Council. A total of 1,427 candidates contested the 310 seats, while a further 50 members were appointed by organizations of veterans and invalids.


1990 Belarusian Supreme Soviet election, Results
In the first round of voting on 4 March, 98 deputies were elected. A second round on 17–18 March saw a further 131 deputies were elected. However, this was still below the quorum of 240. By-elections were subsequently held on 22 April (18 districts) and 5 May (63 districts) resulting in a further 38 deputies being elected. An additional eleven were elected in second rounds held between 10 and 14 May, taking the total number of elected deputies to 278, in addition to the 50 appointed deputies.


1990 Belarusian Supreme Soviet election, Results
The Belarusian Popular Front opposition faction was formed by 26 deputies after the elections.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1990 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Spa-Francorchamps on 26 August 1990. It was the eleventh race of the 1990 Formula One World Championship. The race was the 48th Belgian Grand Prix. It was the 36th to be held at Spa-Francorchamps and the seventh since the circuit was extensively redeveloped in 1979. The race was held over 44 laps of the seven kilometre circuit for a race distance of 301 kilometres.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix
Brazilian driver Ayrton Senna claimed his fifth race victory for the season in his McLaren MP4/5B taking a four-second win over the Ferrari 641 driven the reigning world champion, Frenchman Alain Prost. It was Senna's fourth victory in the Belgian Grand Prix, and his third in succession. Senna's Austrian team mate Gerhard Berger finished third, while further back Maurício Gugelmin scored a point for the Leyton House team.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix
Three attempts were made to start the race, the first two being red-flagged after collisions. Aguri Suzuki's Lola LC90 was eliminated after the first start, Paolo Barilla's Minardi M190 after the second.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix
Off-track, Nigel Mansell was rumoured to be reconsidering his prior announcement to retire, and he was strongly linked with Williams. He had demanded undisputed number one status as a driver, and various assurances from engine supplier Renault, which Frank Williams had told him were impossible.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix
The Onyx team pulled out of Formula One before the weekend of the race, for financial reasons, having competed at this level for a season and a half.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
With the withdrawal of the Onyx team, Ligier were relieved of the requirement to pre-qualify, and returned to the main qualifying pool. They had only been required to pre-qualify twice, which both cars did comfortably on both occasions.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
Therefore there was slightly less pressure on the other entrants in the pre-qualifying session. Olivier Grouillard was fastest in the Osella, the second time he had been top of the Friday morning time sheets, and the first time since round six in Mexico. Second fastest was Yannick Dalmas in the AGS, his fifth successful pre-qualification of the season from eleven attempts. Third fastest was Bertrand Gachot in the improving Coloni, and this was the first time in 1990 that he had pre-qualified. Fourth was Gabriele Tarquini in the other AGS, his fourth pre-qualification this season.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Pre-qualifying report
Missing the cut in fifth and sixth positions were the EuroBruns of Roberto Moreno and Claudio Langes. The margin of failure was fairly narrow however, with Moreno 0.36 seconds behind Tarquini, and Langes just over a second further behind. Bruno Giacomelli was slowest again in the Life, with the L190 refusing to start until the closing stages of the session. The car managed five slow laps before an electrical failure. "Nothing impressive," Giacomelli stated. He also announced that work was restarting on the chassis to allow a Judd CV V8 engine to be fitted by round 13 in Portugal, in place of the disastrous in-house W12.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix, Qualifying, Qualifying report
The two McLarens were on the front row, with Senna ahead of Berger. Prost in the Ferrari was third ahead of Boutsen and the second Ferrari of Mansell.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix, Race, Race report
The first start had seen two incidents. The first of these incidents was when Nelson Piquet in the Benetton had pushed the Ferrari 641 of Nigel Mansell off the track. Whilst the second of these incidents was when the Tyrrell of Satoru Nakajima collided with the Brabham of Stefano Modena, which caused the race to be stopped.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix, Race, Race report
The second start had seen Senna's McLaren take the lead with the Williams of Thierry Boutsen slicing his way into second place from fourth, whilst rival Alain Prost had dropped down to fifth place after starting third. However, there was another first lap accident when the Minardi of Paolo Barilla crashed heavily at Eau Rouge which left debris all over the track in that area, which caused the race to be stopped again.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix, Race, Race report
The third start however had proven to be cleaner, as Senna held on to the lead ahead of teammate Gerhard Berger, Prost, Boutsen, Patrese and Alessandro Nannini in the leading Benetton. Mansell in the second Ferrari went into the pits on lap 11 with handling problems, although he was able to rejoin but retired eight laps later as a result. Meanwhile back upfront, Prost took second ahead of Berger but then pitted for tyres. The margin between Senna and Prost was only just two seconds when they made their second pit-stops for fresh tyres.


1990 Belgian Grand Prix, Race, Race report
Both the Williams cars of Patrese and Boutsen were soon forced to retire with gearbox problems by lap 22. The pit-stops of Senna and Prost had allowed Nannini to take second place (who was once again planning to go the full race distance without a pit stop). Prost was able to overtake Nannini for second, Berger attempted to do the same thing but was unable to pass until lap 41 when Nannini ran wide at La Source, which allowed Berger to take third place from the Italian. Ayrton Senna took his fifth win of the season by 3.5 seconds over Prost, whilst the rest of the top six were rounded out by teammate Berger, Nannini, Piquet in the second Benetton and Mauricio Gugelmin in the Leyton House.


1990 Belgian Indoor Championships
The 1990 Belgian Indoor Championships was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 9th edition of the event known that year as the Belgian Indoor Championships, and was part of the ATP Championship Series, double-week events of the 1990 ATP Tour, running concurrently with the 1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament. It took place at the Forest National in Brussels, Belgium, from 12 February until 18 February 1990. First-seeded Boris Becker won the singles title.


1990 Belgian Indoor Championships, Finals, Doubles
Emilio Sánchez /  Slobodan Živojinović defeated  Goran Ivanišević /  Balázs Taróczy, 7–5, 6–3


1990 Belgian Indoor Championships – Doubles
Wally Masur and Tom Nijssen were the champions of the event when it last took place, in 1988. Neither of them participated in 1990.Emilio Sánchez and Slobodan Živojinović won the title, defeating Goran Ivanišević and Balázs Taróczy 7–5, 6–3, in the final.


1990 Belgian Indoor Championships – Singles
Henri Leconte was the champion of the event when it last took place, in 1988. He participated in 1990 but lost in the first round. Boris Becker won the title, defeating Carl-Uwe Steeb 7–5, 6–2, 6–2, in the final.


1990 Belgian Masters
The 1990 Belgian Masters was an invitational snooker tournament played at the Sporthal Schijnpoort in Antwerp in September 1990. John Parrott won the title by beating Jimmy White 9–6 in the final. The final was televised live in Belgium. White won the first frame of the final with a break of 104. Parrott made the highest break of the competition, 120, in the thirteenth frame of the final, and won four of the last five frames to claim victory at 9–6.


1990 Belgian Masters, Prize Fund
The event was sponsored by HUMO and prize money was awarded as follows:


1990 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1990 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix was the ninth round of the 1990 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 5–7 July 1990 at Spa-Francorchamps.


1990 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Last year, Spa organizers ran three races because of rain, but it’s dry for qualifying, with Kevin Schwantz taking pole; Pierfrancesco Chili falls off at high-speed 6th-gear left-hander, breaking his arm.


1990 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Race day is wet, and as is often the case, Schwantz gets the pole but Wayne Rainey gets the start, ahead of Eddie Lawson, Mick Doohan, and Wayne Gardner.


1990 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Race order becomes Rainey, Lawson, Christian Sarron, Schwantz, Doohan, Randy Mamola, Gardner and Jean-Philippe Ruggia.


1990 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Rainey opens up a gap to Lawson, then a small gap to a group of Schwantz, Sarron and Mamola. Mamola gets a wriggle on and passes Sarron and Schwantz.


1990 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Schwantz is stuck in place, while Mamola and Ruggia leave him behind and catch up to Lawson. When Mamola shows Lawson a front wheel, Lawson fights back and keeps him behind. Mamola makes a mistake and falls out of third place, leaving Ruggia to battle with Lawson for second place. Ruggia soon leaves Lawson behind and starts to close the gap to Rainey, but it’s too much. Schwantz finishes in 7th.


1990 Belgian regional elections
On October 28, 1990, regional elections were held in the German-speaking Community of Belgium, to choose representatives for the Council of the German-speaking Community. Elections for the Flemish Council and the Walloon Council were not held until 1995.


1990 Ben Hogan Tour
The 1990 Ben Hogan Tour season was the first season of the Ben Hogan Tour, the PGA Tour's official developmental tour, now known as the Korn Ferry Tour. The top five players on the final money list earned PGA Tour cards for 1991.


1990 Ben Hogan Tour, Schedule
The season ran from February 2 to October 21 and consisted of 30 events. All of the tournament names began with "Ben Hogan", e. g. "Ben Hogan Bakersfield Open"; this is eliminated here for brevity.


1990 Ben Hogan Tour, Money list
The top five players on the final money list earned PGA Tour cards for 1991.


1990 Ben Hogan Tour graduates
This is a list of players who graduated from the Ben Hogan Tour in 1990. The top five players on the Ben Hogan Tour's money list in 1990 earned their PGA Tour card for 1991.


1990 Ben Hogan Tour graduates
T = TiedGreen background indicates the player retained his PGA Tour card for 1992 (finished inside the top 125). Yellow background indicates player did not retain his PGA Tour card for 1992, but retained conditional status (finished between 126–150). Red background indicates the player did not retain his PGA Tour card for 1992 (finished outside the top 150).


1990 Beninese constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Benin on 2 December 1990. The main issues were changing the political system to a multi-party system, with a secondary issue as to whether there should be age limits for the President. The referendum passed with 93.2% of voters approving the change to a multi-party system and 73.3% in favour of age limits.


1990 Benson & Hedges Cup
The 1990 Benson & Hedges Cup was the nineteenth competing of cricket’s Benson & Hedges Cup.


1990 Benson and Hedges Open
The 1990 Benson & Hedges Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the ASB Tennis Centre in Auckland in New Zealand and was part of the World Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from January 8 through January 14, 1990.


1990 Benson and Hedges Open, Finals, Doubles
Kelly Jones /  Robert Van't Hof defeated  Gilad Bloom /  Paul Haarhuis 7–6, 6–0


1990 Benson and Hedges Open – Doubles
Steve Guy and Shuzo Matsuoka were the defending champions but did not compete that year.


1990 Benson and Hedges Open – Doubles
Kelly Jones and Robert Van't Hof won in the final 7–6, 6–0 against Gilad Bloom and Paul Haarhuis.


1990 Benson and Hedges Open – Singles
Ramesh Krishnan was the defending champion but lost in the semifinals to Scott Davis.


1990 Benson and Hedges Open – Singles
Davis won the 1990 Benson & Hedges Open tennis tournament, defeating Andrei Chesnokov in the final 4–6, 6–3, 6–3.


1990 Benson and Hedges Open – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1990 Berlin Marathon
The 1990 Berlin Marathon was the 17th running of the annual marathon race held in Berlin, West Germany, held on 30 September 1990. Australia's Steve Moneghetti won the men's race in 2:08:16 hours, while the women's race was won by East Germany's Uta Pippig in 2:28:37.


1990 Berlin state election
The 1990 Berlin state election was held on 2 December 1990 to elect the members of the 12th Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin. This was the first election held in Berlin after the reunification of Germany and Berlin, and was held on the same day as the 1990 federal election.


1990 Berlin state election
The Christian Democratic Union (CDU) emerged as the largest party with 40.4%, with the Social Democratic Party (SPD) second on 30.4%. The Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) won 9.2%, while the Free Democratic Party (FDP) won 7.1%. Two green parties, the Alternative List from the West and the Alliance 90 from the East, entered the Abgeordnetenhaus with 5.0% and 4.4% respectively. The 5% electoral threshold for entry was applied separately in the old West and East of the city, allowing both parties to enter despite both falling short of 5% statewide. They subsequently formed a joint parliamentary group, and later merged to become the Berlin branch of Alliance 90/The Greens.


1990 Berlin state election
A potential CDU–FDP government came up two seats short of a majority, and no left-of-centre arrangement was possible due to the presence of PDS. Thus, the CDU and SPD entered into a grand coalition, and CDU leader and former Mayor Eberhard Diepgen was elected as the first Mayor of reunified Berlin.


1990 Berlin state election, Parties
The table below lists the parties and groupings competing in the election which were represented in the 11th Abgeordnetenhaus of West Berlin (elected in 1989) and the last city council of East Berlin (elected in May 1990). Parties are listed in order of the number of seats they held in both city legislatures.


1990 Bermudian death penalty referendum
A referendum on the death penalty for premeditated murder was held in Bermuda on 12 August 1990. The referendum was held following pressure from the British government, and was held as part of the Capital Punishment Referendum Act, 1989. However, voters approved of retaining the penalty, with 79% voting in favour.


1990 Bermudian death penalty referendum
The death penalty was later abolished by the Parliament of Bermuda following a vote in December 1999.


1990 Bermudian death penalty referendum, Results
Are you in favour of capital punishment for premeditated murder in Bermuda?


1990 Bexley London Borough Council election
The 1990 Bexley Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Bexley London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative party stayed in overall control of the council.


1990 Big East Conference Baseball Tournament
The 1990 Big East Conference Baseball Tournament was held at Muzzy Field in Bristol, CT. This was the sixth annual Big East Conference Baseball Tournament. The fourth seeded Connecticut Huskies won their first tournament championship and claimed the Big East Conference's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament.


1990 Big East Conference Baseball Tournament, Format and seeding
The Big East baseball tournament was a 4 team double elimination tournament in 1990. For the first time, the conference played as a single division, so the top four teams were seeded one through four based on conference winning percentage only. In previous seasons, the top two teams in each division squared off in the field.


1990 Big East Conference Baseball Tournament, Jack Kaiser Award
Craig MacDonald was the winner of the 1990 Jack Kaiser Award. MacDonald was a second baseman for Connecticut.


1990 Big East Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Big East Men's Basketball Tournament took place at Madison Square Garden in New York City, from March 8 to March 11, 1990. Its winner received the Big East Conference's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Tournament. It is a single-elimination tournament with four rounds. Syracuse and Connecticut tied for the best regular-season conference record. Based on tie-breakers, Syracuse was awarded the #1 seed.


1990 Big East Men's Basketball Tournament
Connecticut defeated Syracuse in the championship game 78–75, to claim its first Big East Tournament championship.


1990 Big Eight Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Big Eight Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 9–11 at Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri.


1990 Big Eight Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
Top-seeded Oklahoma defeated #8 seed Colorado in the championship game, 92–80, to earn the conference's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Tournament.


1990 Big League World Series
The 1990 Big League World Series took place from August 10–18 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States. In a championship rematch, Taipei, Taiwan defeated Maracaibo, Venezuela in the championship game. It was Taiwan's fourth straight championship.


1990 Big Sky Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Big Sky Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was the fifteenth edition, held March 8–10 at the BSU Pavilion at Boise State University in Boise, Idaho.


1990 Big Sky Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
Defending champion Idaho defeated Eastern Washington in the championship game, 65–62. It was the Vandals' second consecutive Big Sky tournament title, and fourth overall (1981, 1982, 1989, 1990).


1990 Big Sky Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
Similar to the previous year, the tournament included the top six teams in the league standings. The top two earned byes into the semifinals while the remaining four played in the quarterfinals. The top seed met the lowest remaining seed in the semifinals.


1990 Big Sky Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, NCAA tournament
The Vandals gained the automatic bid to the NCAA tournament, and no other Big Sky members were invited to the tournament or the NIT. Seeded thirteenth in the West Regional, Idaho lost to Louisville in Salt Lake City in the first round.


1990 Big South Conference Baseball Tournament
The 1990 Big South Conference Baseball Tournament  was the postseason baseball tournament for the Big South Conference, held from May 12–15, 1990 at Charles Watson Stadium home field of Coastal Carolina in Conway, South Carolina. All seven teams participated in the double-elimination tournament. For the first time, the Tournament champion received an automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament. Campbell won the championship for the second time.


1990 Big South Conference Baseball Tournament, Format
All seven teams qualified for the tournament, with the regular season champion receiving a single bye. The final was winner take all, regardless of the number of losses.


1990 Big South Conference Baseball Tournament, All-Tournament Team, Most Valuable Player
Chris Wagner was named Tournament Most Valuable Player. Wagner was a pitcher for Campbell.


1990 Big South Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Big South Conference Men's Basketball Tournament took place from March 1–3, 1990 at the Winthrop Coliseum in Rock Hill, South Carolina. For the first time in their school history, the Coastal Carolina Chanticleers won the tournament, led by head coach Russ Bergman.


1990 Big South Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
All of the conference's seven members participated in the tournament, hosted at the Winthrop Coliseum, home of the Winthrop Eagles. Teams were seeded by conference winning percentage.


1990 Big Ten Baseball Tournament
The 1990 Big Ten Conference Baseball Tournament was held at Duane Banks Field on the campus of the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa from May 15 through 19. The top two teams from the regular season in each division participated in the double-elimination tournament, the tenth annual tournament sponsored by the Big Ten Conference to determine the league champion. Illinois won their second tournament championship and earned the Big Ten Conference's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament


1990 Big Ten Baseball Tournament, Format and seeding
The 1990 tournament was a 4-team double-elimination tournament, with seeds determined by conference regular season winning percentage only. Iowa claimed the second seed by tiebreaker over Illinois


1990 Big Ten Baseball Tournament, All-Tournament Team, Most Outstanding Player
Bob Christensen was named Most Outstanding Player. Christensen was a shortstop for Illinois.


1990 Big Ten Conference football season
The 1990 Big Ten Conference football season was the 95th season of college football played by the member schools of the Big Ten Conference and was a part of the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season.


1990 Big Ten Conference football season
The Iowa Hawkeyes won a four-way tie for the Big Ten Conference championship by defeating the three other teams atop the conference standings – Michigan, Michigan State, and Illinois – in their respective head-to-head matchups. The Hawkeyes earned their third trip to Pasadena in ten seasons, but lost 46-34 to Washington in the 1991 Rose Bowl.


1990 Big Ten Conference football season
Michigan defeated Ole Miss 35-3 in the Gator Bowl to finish 9-3 on the season. The #7 Wolverines were the highest ranked Big Ten team in the final AP poll. Joining Michigan in the final rankings were the other conference co-champions – #16 Michigan State, #18 Iowa, and #25 Illinois.


1990 Big Ten Conference football season
Iowa running back Nick Bell received the Chicago Tribune Silver Football trophy as the conference's most valuable player. Michigan defensive back Tripp Welborne and Illinois defensive lineman Moe Gardner were consensus first-team All-Americans for the second straight season.


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Season overview, Results and team statistics
KeyAP final = Team's rank in the final AP Poll of the 1990 seasonAP high = Team's highest rank in the AP Poll throughout the 1990 seasonPPG = Average of points scored per game; conference leader's average displayed in boldPAG = Average of points allowed per game; conference leader's average displayed in boldMVP = Most valuable player as voted by players on each team as part of the voting process to determine the winner of the Chicago Tribune Silver Football trophy; trophy winner in bold


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Statistical leaders, Passing yards
1. Jason Verduzco, Illinois (2,567)2. Eric Hunter, Purdue (2,355)3. Matt Rodgers, Iowa (2,228)4. Greg Frey, Ohio State (2,062)5. Elvis Grbac, Michigan (1,911)


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Statistical leaders, Rushing yards
1. Tico Duckett, Michigan State (1,394)2. Jon Vaughn, Michigan (1,364)3. Vaughn Dunbar, Indiana (1,224)4. Hyland Hickson, Michigan State (1,196)5. Robert Smith, Ohio State (1,126)


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Statistical leaders, Receiving yards
1. Desmond Howard, Michigan (1,025)2. Shawn Wax, Illinois (863)3. Richard Buchanan, Northwestern (834)4. Jeff Graham, Ohio State (763)5. Rob Turner, Indiana (717)


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Statistical leaders, Total offense
1. Jason Verduzco, Illinois (2,384)2. Eric Hunter, Purdue (2,355)3. Matt Rodgers, Iowa (2,292)4. Greg Frey, Ohio State (1,965)5. Elvis Grbac, Michigan (1,928)


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Statistical leaders, Passing efficiency rating
1. Elvis Grbac, Michigan (137.2)2. Jason Verduzco, Illinois (132.5)3. Matt Rodgers, Iowa (130.2)4. Dan Enos, Michigan State (122.3)5. Greg Frey, Ohio State (120.7)


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Statistical leaders, Rushing yards per attempt
1. Robert Smith, Ohio State (6.4)2. Jon Vaughn, Michigan (6.3)3. Nick Bell, Iowa (6.1)4. Howard Griffith, Illinois (5.5)5. Tico Duckett, Michigan State (5.4)


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Statistical leaders, Yards per reception
1. Rob Turner, Indiana (21.7)2. Tim Ware, Wisconsin (19.7)3. Jeff Graham, Ohio State (19.1)4. Desmond Howard, Michigan (16.3)5. James Bradley, Michigan State (16.2)


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Statistical leaders, Points scored
1. J.D. Carlson, Michigan (95)2. Howard Griffith, Illinois (90)2. Hyland Hickson, Michigan State (90)4. Nick Bell, Iowa (84)5. Jeff Skillett, Iowa (83)


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Awards and honors, All-conference players
The following players were picked by the Associated Press (AP) and/or the United Press International (UPI) as first-team players on the 1990 All-Big Ten Conference football team.


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Awards and honors, All-Americans
At the end of the season, two Big Ten players were consensus first-team picks for the 1990 College Football All-America Team. The Big Ten's consensus All-Americans were:


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, Awards and honors, Other awards
Hayden Fry of Iowa received his second Big Ten Coach of the Year award.


1990 Big Ten Conference football season, 1991 NFL Draft
The 1991 NFL Draft was held April 21-22, 1991. The following Big Ten players were selected in the first round of the draft:


1990 Big West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1990 Big West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 7–10 at the Long Beach Arena in Long Beach, California.


1990 Big West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
Defending champions UNLV defeated fifth-seeded Long Beach State in the final, 92–72, and captured their sixth PCAA/Big West championship. This was the Runnin' Rebels' sixth title in eight seasons.


1990 Big West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
UNLV, in turn, received an automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Tournament, which they would go on to win. Fellow Big West members New Mexico State and UC Santa Barbara received at-large bids.


1990 Big West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
There were no changes to the tournament format from 1989. All ten conference members participated in the field, with teams seeded in the bracket based on regular season conference records.


1990 Big West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
The top six seeds were given a bye into the quarterfinal round while the four lowest-seeded teams were placed into an initial preliminary round.


1990 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
The 1990 Bihar Legislative Assembly election resulted in a decisive victory for the Janta Dal, riding on the pan-India victory of 1989 during V. P. Singh's wave. Political manoeuvers ensured parliamentarian Lalu Prasad Yadav's victory in the chief ministership battle against seasoned Bihar leader Ram Sundar Das, who was close to Janta party stalwarts like S.N. Sinha and Chandrashekhar.


1990 Bijnor riot
In October 1990, there was a major communal riot in Bijnor, a town in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Stemming from a celebratory procession by local Hindu groups, it was the most destructive riot in the wake of concurrent Hindu nationalist campaigns, which eventually led to the demolition of Babri Masjid. The riots were also characterized by phases of passive and active complicity of the state machinery.


1990 Bijnor riot
Official estimates put the death-toll at 87; unofficially, the count varies from around 200 to 300.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background
Amrita Basu et al. notes that there was a near-total absence of any communal riots at Bijnor before 1988. A few distinct events manifested across the politico-religious sphere in the following years, that led to the gradual build-up of animosity and did serve as a precursor to the riots.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Municipal elections
In the 1988 municipal elections, a Muslim lawyer - Zafar Khan, from BSP was elected as the chair, having defeated Sandip Lal, a fellow Hindu contender from BSP, who was also backed by BJP. Effectively, it was more of a religious fight than political. Notwithstanding the demographic skew against Hindus, Lal was poorly educated and corrupt (contra Khan) and his history of switching political allegiances drastically hampered his chances; the election also saw a lower voter turnout among Hindus.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Municipal elections
Soon enough, the elected Hindus in the council (most of whom were prominent faces of communal outfits) accused Khan of being partisan in the distribution of funds and appointments at key posts including Vice Chairman, which was traditionally allotted to opposition. The claims of fund misuse and partisan appointments have been since located to be entirely unfounded; a Muslim was illegally installed as the Vice Chairman, in absence of Khan, via a conspiracy hatched by the Hindu councilors.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Municipal elections
Along while, there were multiple attempts to bring a no-confidence motion against Khan esp by weaponizing the nominated members, but none managed to succeed esp that he was close to Mulayam Yadav, the then-chief minister from BSP (who changed nominated members at will). The last such attempt was in June 1990.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Property dispute
In around July 1990, there was a huge fracas about the fate of vacant land adjoining a mosque.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Property dispute
The Hindu councilors along with local members of RSS claimed that the property belonged to a Hindu, who was settled elsewhere but failed to pay taxes. On notification by the municipality of pending usurpation, he did pay the dues but yet Khan had evicted him to  unilaterally allot the property to a Muslim, who was supposedly planning to inaugurate a beef shop. A local daily The Bijnor Times, (which was promised with favors by Lal, shall he were elected) heavily aided in the amplification, so as to discredit Khan. The allegations were unfounded in that the municipality owned the land, since long back and there was only a single request for renting out the property, which the entire council had approved of.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Property dispute
On 25 August, a group of Hindus, led by Bajrang Dal, occupied the property and were soon reinforced in large numbers, as rumors spread of an impending attack by Muslims. After a bout of stone-pelting between the communities, local police vacated the property by force and arrested the agitating Hindus. An old Muslim woman was killed by a ricocheting bullet and another Muslim died in the hospital, later. In light of the volatile situation, the municipality temporally stalled the scheduled land-allocation, in what was conceived as a victory by the Hindus.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Ram-jyotis
In the wake to the Babri Masjid demolition, VHP organised a cross-state tour, wherein karsevaks went about in a procession with flame-torches and sought to rekindle the Hindu spirit. The then BSP government chose to prohibit them from entering the town by installing a barricade over the lone entry-bridge, fearing communal disturbances.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Ram-jyotis
In response, thousands of Hindu women formed into a flash mob, stormed the bridge in active defiance of state orders, and enabled the Ram-jyotis into the town. This proved to be a major turning point as to the inclusion of women in physical manifestations of Hindu nationalism, and for the female-inflicted violence, that would form a major part of the Bijnor riot.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Communal harmony rally
The relations further deteriorated when the-then chief minister Mulayam Singh Yadav held one of the many 'communal-harmony rally' at Bijnor on 9 October 1990. Poised as an antidote to RSS-BJP processions in the wake of Ayodhya, it was widely attended by Muslims from across nearby districts. Incidentally, Lal was the chief organiser, whilst Khan chose to boycott it, fearing a flare-up of tensions.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Communal harmony rally
In the speech, Mulayam vowed to protect the Babri Masjid and spoke about unity between Muslim and Backward Classes against Savarna Hindus. The speech was perceived to be inflammatory by Hindus and widespread violence followed soon afterward. Muslims were heckled to prevent attending the rally and their vehicles were attacked, whilst returning during night; effigies of Mulayam were burnt by a combine of BJP and ShivSena, as well. The district president of VHP was attacked, in what has been since alluded to an internal conspiracy for the sake of rumor-mongering, by local intelligence agencies.


1990 Bijnor riot, Background, Communal harmony rally
Three people (two Hindus and one Muslim) died and thirty shops were subject to loot and arson, in the aftermaths; bomb blasts were frequently heard around the town and the local marketplace was closed for four days. Ninety-five people (sixty-five Hindus and thirty Muslims) were arrested but soon released due to continuous protests by the Hindu populace, who accused the authorities of minority appeasement.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Build up
The initial destruction of Babri Masjid was planned on 30 October 1990. The karsevaks started to arrive by 25th and pursuant to instructions of Mulayam Yadav, were subject to mass-incarcerations; by 26th, 637 were already arrested and that local prisons were filled up, a girls' intermediate college was transformed to a temporary prison. Securities at the latter facility were minimal and they wandered out to the town, with ease.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Build up
Schools and colleges chose to announce indefinite closure, in light of the communally polarized environment. Public assemblies were banned soon afterwards.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Immediate trigger
On 30 October, the detained karsevaks assembled at an Arya Samaj temple, in the town square with local VHP members, in anticipation of the demolition. At around 11 a.m., a police officer reached the temple and spread misleading news, supposedly referenced from BBC, about the procession having reached Ayodhya and started with the planned destruction. Within an hour, a several-hundred strong victory procession made its way through a Muslim locality of the town and engaged in provocative sloganeering; the slogans were strikingly similar to those used in previous communal riots.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Immediate trigger
Local Hindus however, rejected the claims and asserted of singing devotional songs, only. The administration did not choose to not pay any heed to multiple calls for action on the initial congregation, which was a violation of the imposed prohibition on public assembly or on preventing its passage through the Muslim quarters.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Immediate trigger
Amidst this volatile atmosphere, a local Muslim doctor – Mushir Ahmed – chose to keep open his dispensary. After the Muslims started pelting stones at the Hindu rally; Ahmed chose to shelter a few Hindu women at the forefront of the rally, who were caught in the cross-fire. The Hindus in the rally however suspected Ahmed of abducting those women, and he was murdered.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Immediate trigger
This served as the immediate basis for the riot that was to follow. As his dead body was taken back to home, the local Muslims attacked a Hindu neighborhood of Joggis, a lower caste among Hindus, and retaliation followed soon. By evening, 48 were killed.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Curfew and state-complicity
The state responded by declaring a town-wide curfew at around 1:30 AM on 31 October and deploying Provincial Armed Constabulary (PAC).


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Curfew and state-complicity
However, they were heavily partisan and effectively allowed the Hindus, to go on a rampage looting and burning down Muslim shops whilst restricting the Muslims to their houses; PAC later claimed of being accompanied Hindu nationalists, only as to their inability to maneuver in an alien territory. Basu notes that post the installation of a curfew, it was no longer a symmetric warfare but state-assisted and perpetrated mass-violence against Muslims, which continued unabated till 3 October. The-then editor of Dainik Jagran argues that the relatively one-sided violence perpetrated by Muslims in Bartwaan had de-professionalized the state-forces in entirety and raked in a communal mobocracy.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Curfew and state-complicity
There were numerous instances of the PAC torturing, physically violating and executing Muslims, whilst accompanied by local Hindu residents. Looting and arsons of Muslim houses were extensively facilitated, as well. 5 mosques were destroyed, per local reports.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Curfew and state-complicity
The riots were mostly restricted to urban Bijnor but sporadic bursts of violence were reported from some adjoining villages esp. in Rampur Bakli. Agricultural equipment et al. were destroyed, in addition to torture, rape and summary executions.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Course, Closure
The entire city was handed over to the Army on 3 November, who finally reined in the riot. Curfew timings were gradually relaxed, before being withdrawn all-together after 10 days. During the span, outsiders, even the local legislator were not allowed in. By mid-November, normalcy was restored. Official estimates put the death-toll at 87; unofficially, the count varied from around 200 to 300.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Local media coverage
The local media (esp. Bijnor Times) were actively complicit in contributing to the proliferation of rumors and sustaining the riot, via mis-reporting and partisan editorializing. There was extensive pro-Hindu bias and the reporting during riots, were essentially Islamophobic.


1990 Bijnor riot, Riot, Local media coverage
Bijnor Times initially blamed the Muslims for stone-pelting on a peaceful procession by Hindus, and deemed the riots to be pre-planned by the local Muslim populace. It soon changed its narrative and alleged of outsiders to have instigated the riots; this was also readily accepted by the local administration. The paper also inflated the death toll, on the side of Hindus and alleged of police appeasement, towards the Muslims.