1991 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2
Under the new format, only the top six teams in Divisyen 1 and the Divisyen 2 champions and runners-up will be involved in the Malaysia Cup. Malaysia Cup was played from the quarter-final stage, scheduled for November after the league was finished. The Malaysia Cup quarter-final and semi-final matches will be played on a home and away basis.


1991 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2
The season kicked off on 27 April 1991. Negeri Sembilan ended up the season by winning the title.


1991 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2, Teams
Eight teams competing in the third season of Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2.


1991 Limerick City Council election
An election to Limerick City Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 17 councillors were elected from four electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for an eight-year term of office.1


1991 Limerick County Council election
An election to Limerick County Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 28 councillors were elected from five electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for a five-year term of office.


1991 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1991 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 97th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.


1991 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
Patrickswell were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Ballybrown at the quarter-final stage.


1991 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
On 6 October 1991, Ballybrown won the championship after a 1-11 to 1-10 defeat of Kilmallock in the final. It was their second championship title overall and their second title in two championship seasons.


1991 Limon earthquake
The 1991 Costa Rica earthquake, also known as Limon earthquake or Bocas del Toro earthquake, occurred at 3:57 pm local time (21:56:51 UTC) on April 22. The epicenter of the 7.7 Mw earthquake was in Pandora, Valle La Estrella, in the Caribbean region of Limon, Costa Rica, 225 kilometres (140 mi) southeast of San José. The earthquake was the strongest recorded in Costa Rica's history, and was felt throughout the country as well as in western Panama.


1991 Limon earthquake, Damage
The earthquake claimed 48 lives in Costa Rica and 79 in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Roads and bridges between Limon and Sixaola were all destroyed, and the epicentral region was only accessible by helicopter from the Panamaian side.


1991 Limon earthquake, Damage
In Limon, hotels and other landmarks collapsed and 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) of uplift at the waterfront left coral and sand bluffs exposed. In Panama, extensive damage also occurred in Guabito, Changuinola, Almirante and Isla Colon. The Chiquita Brands office building in Changuinola separated with a 3-meter breach.


1991 Limon earthquake, Aftermath
The international bridge of Sixaola stayed intact. At the Changuinola "Capitán Manuel Niño" International Airport damage on the south end of the runway was severe, and very few planes were able to land. Helicopters were the primary aircraft bringing in relief workers, food, and supplies.


1991 Limon earthquake, Aftermath
By 1993, the Changuinola-Guabito road was reconstructed with $10 million USD funded by the Panamanian government, and new housing facilities were constructed in Finca 4 and Almirante. Reconstruction of the Limon-Sixaola road took months, and in 2010 the road was paved and coded as Highway 36.


1991 Lion Cup
The 1991 Lion Cup was the ninth edition of the Lion Cup, the premier domestic rugby union knock-out competition in South Africa.


1991 Lion Cup, Teams
All 25 South African provincial teams took part in this competition. The semi-finalists from the 1990 Lion Cup were put into Group A and the losing quarter finalists into Group B. The remaining teams were divided geographically. Groups C and D contained nine southern teams; the four southern teams with the highest ranking were put into Group C and the other five teams into Group D (where the two lowest-ranked teams,  South Western Districts and  North Western Cape had to play off in a qualifying game for the Group D spot in Round One). Similarly, Groups E and F contained eight northern teams; the four northern teams with the highest ranking were put into Group E and the other four teams into Group F:


1991 Lion Cup, Competition
This competition was a knock-out competition. A qualifying round was held between the two lowest-ranked teams for the Group D place in Round One. In each of the first three rounds, the lower-ranked teams would have home advantage. In Round One, the teams from Group D hosted teams from Group D, while the teams from Group F hosted teams from Group F. In Round Two, the winners of the eight Round One ties played against each other for a place in Round Three. The winners of the four Round Two matches then joined teams in Group B for Round Three, with the winning teams progressing to the Quarter Finals (where they were joined by the teams from Group A), followed by Semi-Finals and the Final.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships
The 1991 Lipton International Players Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 7th edition of the Miami tournament, and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1991 ATP Tour, and of the Tier I Series of the 1991 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Tennis Center at Crandon Park in Key Biscayne, Florida in the United States, from March 11 through March 25, 1991.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships, Finals, Men's Doubles
Wayne Ferreira /  Piet Norval defeated  Ken Flach /  Robert Seguso 5–7, 7–6, 6–2


1991 Lipton International Players Championships, Finals, Women's Doubles
Mary Joe Fernandez /  Zina Garrison Jackson defeated  Gigi Fernández /  Jana Novotná 7–5, 6–2


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Men's Doubles
Rick Leach and Jim Pugh were the defending champions, but lost in the third round this year.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Men's Doubles
Wayne Ferreira and Piet Norval won the title, defeating Ken Flach and Robert Seguso 5–7, 7–6, 6–2 in the final.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Men's Singles
Andre Agassi was the defending champion, but lost in the fourth round to David Wheaton.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Men's Singles
Jim Courier won the title, defeating Wheaton 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 in the final.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Doubles
Jana Novotná and Helena Suková were the defending champions, but Suková did not compete this year.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Doubles
Novotná teamed up with Gigi Fernández and lost in the final to Mary Joe Fernández and Zina Garrison. The score was 7–5, 6–2.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Doubles, Seeds
All seeded players received a bye into the second round.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Singles
Monica Seles successfully defended her title, defeating Gabriela Sabatini 6–3, 7–5 in the final.


1991 Lipton International Players Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


1991 Lithuanian independence referendum
An independence referendum was held in the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic on 9 February 1991, eleven months after independence from the Soviet Union had been declared on 11 March 1990. Just over 93% of those voting voted in favour of independence, while the number of eligible voters voting "yes" was 76.5%, far exceeding the threshold of 50%. Independence was subsequently achieved in August 1991. The independence of the Republic of Lithuania was re-recognized by the United States on 2 September 1991 and by the Soviet Union on 6 September 1991.


1991 Little League World Series
The 1991 Little League World Series took place between August 20 and August 24 in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. The Hsi Nan Little League of Taichung, Taiwan defeated the San Ramon Valley Little League of Danville, California in the championship game of the 45th Little League World Series.


1991 Liverpool City Council election
Elections to Liverpool City Council were held on 2 May 1991. One third of the council was up for election and the Labour party kept overall control of the council.


1991 Liverpool Walton by-election
The Liverpool Walton by-election was held on 4 July 1991, following the death of the Labour Party Member of Parliament Eric Heffer for Liverpool Walton, on 27 May.


1991 Liverpool Walton by-election
The constituency had become a safe Labour seat under Heffer, who was known as being on the left of the party and a member of the Campaign Group. The Trotskyist Militant group, using entryist tactics was working within the Labour Party, and had gained control of Liverpool City Council in 1982. The city had become a significant base for the group.


1991 Liverpool Walton by-election
When Heffer announced his retirement, Lesley Mahmood, a "Broad Left" councillor and a member of Militant, stood for the Labour nomination. Peter Kilfoyle, who had been the Labour Party organiser in the city since 1985, gained the nomination by a narrow margin; he had been involved in removing Militant influence from the Liverpool Labour Party. Mahmood stood as a "Walton Real Labour" candidate.


1991 Liverpool Walton by-election
Several other candidates stood. The Liberal Democrat candidate was Paul Clark, a local councillor who had been the Liberal Party candidate in the 1987 general election. The Conservatives, who had little support in the constituency, although they had held it until 1964, stood Berkeley Greenwood. Screaming Lord Sutch stood for the Official Monster Raving Loony Party, and George Lee-Delisle stood on a platform advocating proportional representation.


1991 Liverpool Walton by-election
Kilfoyle was able to win the election, taking a majority of the votes cast (53.1%), although 11.3% down on Heffer's result in the previous general election. The Liberal Democrats gained from the division in the Labour Party and increased their vote to come second. Mahmood was only able to take a distant third place with 6.5% of the vote. The Conservatives were beaten into fourth, for the first time in Britain since the 1983 Bermondsey by-election, and lost their deposit. They did not place fourth in an English by-election again until the 2004 Hartlepool by-election.


1991 Liverpool Walton by-election
Kilfoyle held the seat at the 1992 general election and at each subsequent election, eventually standing down at the 2010 general election..


1991 Liverpool Walton by-election
Some of Militant's leaders, Ted Grant and Rob Sewell, had remained convinced of the merits of entryism and argued privately against Mahmood standing. The candidacy was part of the process in Militant's rejection of entryism, or as they saw it, their open turn, and the expulsion of Grant leading to a split in the group.


1991 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 1991 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 77th edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 21 April 1991. The race started and finished in Liège. The race was won by Moreno Argentin of the Ariostea team.


1991 Llanelli Borough Council election
An election to Llanelli Borough Council was held in May 1991. It was preceded by the 1987 election and followed, as a result of local government reorganisation in Wales and the formation of unitary authorities, by the Carmarthenshire County Council election of 1995. On the same day there were elections to the other local authorities and community councils in Wales.


1991 Llanelli Borough Council election, Overview
The Labour Party faced further losses as various other parties won seats throughout the borough, including the Green Party, which won seats for the first time.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout
The 1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout was a gunbattle that occurred on 16 November 1991 at the Lokhandwala Complex, Bombay (now Mumbai), between seven gangsters led by Maya Dolas and members of the Mumbai police and the Anti- Terrorism Squad (ATS) led by the then Additional Commissioner of Police, Aftab Ahmed Khan. The four-hour-long shootout was termed as India's "first daylight encounter" and was videographed and conducted in full view of the public. It ended in the deaths of all seven gangsters, including Dolas, Dilip Buwa and Anil Pawar.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Prelude
In the late 1980s, the Bombay underworld was under the firm control of the D-Company, headed by Dawood Ibrahim. From his base in Dubai, Ibrahim controlled underworld activities through his various lieutenants. Among the most prominent was Mahindra Dolas, a gangster who was known more popularly by his nickname Maya. Dolas had got his start running several successful extortion rackets for the criminal-politician, Ashok Joshi's gang at Kanjurmarg. On 3 December 1988, Joshi was killed at the Bombay-Pune road near Panvel by a 15-man hit squad led by Chhota Rajan at Ibrahim's orders.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Prelude
After Joshi's murder, Dolas later broke out of the Ashok Joshi gang, and formed his own gang. He then convinced notorious Joshi gang sharpshooter Dilip Buwa to switch sides and together on 17 September 1989, they led a stealth attack against the Joshi gang in Kanjurmarg, in which five people were killed. This brought them into favour with Dawood Ibrahim, who was gunning for the Joshi gang after the killing of his pointman Satish Raje. Dolas and Buwa were a feared duo and soon began a steady rise within the ranks of the D-Company. They also conducted extortion activities on Ibrahim's behalf. However, they were also fugitives on the run, with ongoing arrest warrants for them. Dolas, had in fact escaped from prison a few years prior to the shootout.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Shootout
News and current affairs video magazine Newstrack captured the entire shoot out live in 1991. According to the former Additional Commissioner of Police Aftab Ahmed Khan, the ATS received a tip-off from a police informer that Dolas and his gang were hiding in the A wing, flats 002 and 003 in the Swati building at the Lokhandwala Complex, a posh upper middle class residential area. The informer reported that they were armed and were waiting for a few builders who would be coming in the evening. The apartment in which they were hiding belonged to Gopal Rajwani, a fugitive gangster from Ulhasnagar and associate of Dawood Ibrahim. The ATS formed three teams for the task of arresting the fugitives and taking them into custody. One was for reconnaissance, while the other two cordoned off the spot.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Shootout
What happened next is subject to dispute and controversy. According to the official police version, Officer M.I. Qavi was the first to go there. Qavi spotted Gopal Rajwani at the main gate, but did not arrest him for fear of surprising the gangsters hidden inside the building. On the other hand, Rajwani did not recognise the police officers, who were in their plain clothes, and escaped without any incident.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Shootout
The ATS officers Sunil Deshmukh, Z.M. Gharal and Qavi along with Jagdale and a handful of police officers were the first to walk into the ground-floor apartment where seven of them were watching TV. When they burst into the apartment, six of the gangsters, including Dolas, raised their arms in surprise.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Shootout
Dilip Buwa, who was armed with an AK-47 assault rifle, opened fire on the officers. Officer Gharal, who was not wearing body armour, was shot in the chest twice, puncturing his lungs. Qavi was shot in the elbow. Buwa's brazen attack was soon followed by the others. The ground-floor apartment had two doors, one opening into the compound and the other to the building's staircase. While the police officers came out from the front door, the gangsters escaped into the interiors using the stairs.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Shootout
Khan used the loudspeakers to request residents to go to the kitchen and lie on the floor, to avoid accidentally getting hit by a stray bullet. He also asked the gangsters to surrender, even when half the force was surrounding the building. The gangsters refused to surrender and responded with bullets and profanities. In the ensuing shootout, the police used 450 rounds of ammunition. Every other wall on all sides of the building was rained heavily with bullets. At the end, all seven gangsters were killed, with the last gangster being shot down at the terrace of Swati building. Although post-shootout media coverage made out Dolas to be the main shooter, according to Khan, in reality it was Dilip Buwa. Khan stated that Dolas just kept hurling abuses from inside the building, while the real bullets were being pumped by Buwa:


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Shootout
"Maya Dolas was just reckless and foul mouthed. Dilip Buwa was cold blooded. Unlike Dolas: nothing could divert Buwa's attention when his fingers were on the trigger. He was a mentor to Chhota Rajan."


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Aftermath
The shootout resulted in a great deal of controversy for the ATS. The ATS was suspected of staging a fake encounter and subsequently dragged to court. A magisterial inquiry was ordered as questions were raised on the use of 450 rounds of ammunition and the need for a “daylight” encounter. The ATS was also charged with walking away with Rs 7 million which belonged to Dolas. Petitions alleging corruption were also filed against Khan. However, the trial ended with Khan and other involving ATS officers acquittal.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Aftermath
The fugitive underworld don Chotta Rajan was also extremely vocal in criticising the police operation as a "fake encounter". According to Chotta Rajan, the encounter was planned by his former boss Dawood Ibrahim, when they were allies, as part of a campaign to downsize Rajan's gang and curtail his power. He further claimed that the ground level co-ordination for the operation was conducted by a Dawood Ibrahim subordinate, Samir Shah. He stated that Dolas had expressed his willingness to surrender, but the police insisted on eliminating him.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Aftermath
Khan dismissed the allegations as ridiculous, claiming that Dolas and the others were in no mood to surrender. He asserted that the operation was videographed and it was conducted in full view of the public. He further stated that a public interest litigation claiming that the encounter was stage-managed was dismissed by the Bombay high court. The court even dubbed it "vexatious litigation". He also justified the shootout, by stating that it had a demoralising effect on the Bombay underworld. In the aftermath of the Lokhandwala encounter, three dreaded shooters fled the city. While Subash Sawant and Subash Singh Thakur fled to Nepal, Anil Parab fled to Dubai.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Aftermath
While the Lokhandwala shootout made Khan famous, he later faced criticism about the way he handled the Bombay riots under his jurisdiction. The Bharatiya Janata Party and the Shiv Sena protested his alleged partisan attitude towards their workers in the riots. In 1995, when the BJP-Shiv Sena government came to power in Maharashtra, Khan promotion to the rank of Additional Director General of Police was stalled and he was transferred to Nagpur. Frustrated at this insignificant posting, Khan retired and set up a security agency in 1996, which his son now runs. He also became a politician and joined the Janata Dal, with whom he stood elections in the Mumbai North-west constituency in 1998.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, Aftermath
Gopal Rajwani, the gangster who had inadvertently managed to avoid being caught in the crossfire, returned to Ulhasnagar and joined politics as a Shiv Sena member in 1995. He was eventually shot dead by four of rival mobster Pappu Kalani's henchmen on 24 January 2000 in the premises of the First Class Magistrate's court there.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, In popular culture
The infamous shootout was immortalised in the 2007 film Shootout at Lokhandwala, starring Sanjay Dutt as ACP Aftab Ahmed Khan, Vivek Oberoi as Maya Dolas, Tushar Kapoor as Dilip Buwa and Amrita Singh as Maya's mother Ratnaprabha Dolas. The movie also featured the real-life former ACP Aftab Ahmed Khan in a cameo role as his superior, the police commissioner Krishnamurthy.


1991 Lokhandwala Complex shootout, In popular culture
The film was however, criticised by underworld don Chotta Rajan on grounds that it grossly distorted the facts. In a May 2007 interview, he told the Times of India newspaper that the encounter was fake, while the film sought to depict it as an actual event. He stated that he would take it to the film's producer Sanjay Gupta, although when questioned, Gupta refused to pass any comment. The film makers were unable to film the shootout scene in the real Swati building, a set worth 5 million was constructed in Film City which consisted of seven buildings and roads and trees and made it look exactly like how Swati building was in 1991.


1991 London Marathon
The 1991 London Marathon was the 11th running of the annual marathon race in London, United Kingdom, which took place on Sunday, 21 April. The elite men's race was won by Soviet athlete Yakov Tolstikov in a time of 2:09:17 hours and the women's race was won by Portugal's Rosa Mota in 2:26:14. Tolstikov's run was a Soviet record, which was never bettered as the country collapsed at the end of 1991.


1991 London Marathon
The elite race featured high levels of international participation that year as it played host to the 1991 World Marathon Cup, where Great Britain won the men's team race and the Soviet Union won the women's team race.


1991 London Marathon
In the wheelchair races, France's Farid Amarouche (1:52:52) and Denmark's Connie Hansen (2:04:40) set course records in the men's and women's divisions, respectively. This was the first time that the winning time in the women's wheelchair race surpassed that of both able-bodied races.


1991 London Marathon
In the mass race, around 79,000 people applied to enter the race, of which 33,485 had their applications accepted and around 24,500 started the race. A total of 23,435 runners finished the race.


1991 London Masters
The 1991 Continental Airlines London Masters was a professional invitational snooker tournament, which took place from October 1990 to May 1991 at the Café Royal in London, England.


1991 London Masters
Steve Davis won the final edition of the tournament beating Stephen Hendry 4–0 in the final.


1991 London Monarchs season
The 1991 London Monarchs season was the inaugural season for the franchise in the newly created World League of American Football (WLAF). The team was led by head coach Larry Kennan and played its home games at Wembley Stadium in London, England. They finished the regular season in first place of the European Division with a record of nine wins and one loss. In the postseason, the Monarchs beat the New York/New Jersey Knights in the semifinals before capturing the first World League championship with a win over the Barcelona Dragons in World Bowl '91.


1991 Long Beach State 49ers football team
The 1991 Long Beach State 49ers football team represented California State University, Long Beach during the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season.


1991 Long Beach State 49ers football team
Cal State Long Beach competed in the Big West Conference. The team was led by Willie Brown, and played home games at Veterans Stadium on the campus of Long Beach City College in Long Beach, California. The 49ers offense scored 207 points while the defense allowed 412 points.


1991 Long Beach State 49ers football team
This was the last season for Cal State Long Beach's football program.


1991 Long Beach State 49ers football team, Team players in the NFL
With the end of the Cal State Long Beach football program, many players with eligibility remaining transferred to other schools. Two former 49ers were selected in subsequent NFL drafts.


1991 Long Beach State 49ers football team, Team players in the NFL
In addition, one player who played at Cal State Long Beach in 1991 later played in the NFL, but was not drafted.


1991 Long Distance Series season
The 1991 Long Distance Series was the 15th season of this series, with half the races being held at the Fuji International Speedway. This is the first season where races were held away from Fuji, hence the dropping of “Fuji” from the title.


1991 Longford County Council election
An election to Longford County Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 21 councillors were elected from four electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for an eight-year term of office.


1991 Los Angeles Dodgers season
The 1991 Los Angeles Dodgers season was the 102nd for the franchise in Major League Baseball, and their 34th season in Los Angeles, California.


1991 Los Angeles Dodgers season
It featured an exciting National League Western Division race between the Dodgers and the Atlanta Braves. The Braves edged out the Dodgers to win the division by one game. Center fielder Brett Butler set a National League record with 161 errorless games while Darryl Strawberry hit 28 home runs, the most by a left-handed hitter in Los Angeles history at that point. On the debit side, the Dodgers became the first franchise to be on the receiving end of three perfect games when Dennis Martínez prevented any of their batters from reaching base on July 28.


1991 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1991 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1991 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Major League Baseball Draft
The Dodgers selected 93 players in this draft, the largest draft class in history. Of those, six of them would eventually play Major League baseball. The Dodgers lost their first round pick to the New York Mets and their second round pick to the Montreal Expos as a result of their signing free agents Darryl Strawberry and Kevin Gross and gained a third round pick from the Kansas City Royals as compensation for the loss of free agent Kirk Gibson.


1991 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Major League Baseball Draft
The teams first pick (in round three) was outfielder Todd Hollandsworth from Newport High School in Bellevue, Washington. The 1996 NL Rookie of the Year, Hollandsworth played 12 seasons in Major League Baseball (including 6 with the Dodgers) and hit .276 with 98 home runs and 401 RBI.


1991 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Notes
The Tampa Bay Rays equalled this unwanted record on August 15 of 2012 when Félix Hernández pitched a perfect game for the Seattle Mariners. Of the other 28 MLB franchises, only the Minnesota Twins have been on the receiving end of more than one perfect game (in 1968 and 1998).


1991 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards
The 17th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards were announced on 14 December 1991 and given on 21 January 1992.


1991 Los Angeles Raiders season
The 1991 Los Angeles Raiders season was their 32nd in the National Football League (NFL). They were unable to improve upon their previous season's output of 12–4, winning only nine games. After a 9–4 start, the team lost its last three games, but did qualify for the playoffs for the second straight season. The Raiders were inconsistent offensively, with struggling quarterback Jay Schroeder eventually benched in favor of rookie Todd Marinovich.


1991 Los Angeles Raiders season
It was notable that future Hall of Famer Marcus Allen's role was restricted mainly to backing up newly acquired Roger Craig, and future All-Pro Tim Brown also played mostly as a reserve, starting only one game. The loss of Bo Jackson to a career-ending injury also clearly had an impact. A solid defense was led by Howie Long, Greg Townsend (13 sacks) and Ronnie Lott (8 interceptions).


1991 Los Angeles Rams season
The 1991 Los Angeles Rams season was the team's 55th year with the National Football League and the 46th season in Los Angeles. The team was looking to improve on its 5-11 record from 1990. However, the Rams finished the 1991 season 3-13, tied for the second worst record in the NFL with the Cincinnati Bengals and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.


1991 Los Angeles Rams season
After splitting their first 6 games, the Rams lost their final 10 games of the season, their longest losing streak to end a season since 1937, when the team was in Cleveland, when the team lost 9 in a row to end that season. The 3-13 record was the worst for the Rams in Los Angeles for a 16-game schedule and they tied the third-fewest posted by the team in its tenure in the city. This was also, at the time, the worst record for the Rams in a 16-game schedule overall (not including the 1982 strike-shortened season).


1991 Los Angeles Rams season
The 1991 Rams' pass defense surrendered 7.86 yards-per-pass attempt (including quarterback sacks), the fourth-most in the history of the league.


1991 Los Angeles Rams season, Regular season
In a game against the Lions, Lions offensive lineman Mike Utley suffered an injury to his sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae occurred on November 17, 1991. Utley flashed the crowd a "thumbs up" as he was being taken off the field.


1991 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team
The 1991 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Louisiana Tech University as an independent during the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fourth year under head coach Joe Raymond Peace, the team compiled an 8–1–2 record.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election
The 1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election resulted in the election of Edwin Edwards to his fourth non-consecutive term as governor of Louisiana. The election received national and international attention due to the unexpectedly strong showing of David Duke, a former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, who had ties to other white supremacist and neo-Nazi groups.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Background
In 1991 all elections in Louisiana—with the exception of U.S. presidential elections—followed a variation of the open primary system called the jungle primary. Candidates of any and all parties are listed on one ballot; voters need not limit themselves to the candidates of one party. Unless one candidate takes 50% or more of the vote in the first round, a run-off election is then held between the top two candidates, who may in fact be members of the same party. In this election, the first round of voting was held on October 19, 1991, and the runoff was held on November 16.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Background
In 1990, Duke mounted a campaign for the U.S. Senate, losing to incumbent Democrat J. Bennett Johnston. Leading Republicans repudiated Duke's candidacy, citing his history as a white supremacist.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Abortive candidacies
Public Service Commissioner Kathleen Blanco, a Democrat, announced her candidacy in May 1991. Edwards was not impressed by her entry. It was the first time in 40 years a woman had seriously run for Governor but Edwards surmised she would not get out of single digits. Blanco, who came from Acadiana, could have complicated Edwards' bid for a fourth term but after 100 days she suddenly withdrew and ran for Public Service Commissioner again.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Abortive candidacies
Meanwhile, Governor Roemer was facing a potential opponent for the Republican support who could have denied him major party support he needed to stave off Holloway and Duke. Another prominent party-switcher, Secretary of State Fox McKeithen, who withdrew from a 1990 U.S. Senate bid, actively explored a gubernatorial bid. His father, former Governor John McKeithen would prove to be a strong asset had he run, but in the end McKeithen figured that his time had come and gone and ran for reelection as Secretary of State.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, First primary
After the withdrawal of Blanco and McKeithen, the field of candidates began to solidify. Then late in March, incumbent Governor Buddy Roemer set off a firestorm by making a late-term party switch that dismayed as many Republicans as it did Democrats. One irate Republican was the state party chairman, Billy Nungesser of New Orleans. Failing to get the Louisiana Republicans' endorsement convention canceled, Roemer boldly announced he would skip the event. The convention, as expected, endorsed U.S. Representative Clyde C. Holloway, the favored candidate of the pro-life forces in the state, with whom Roemer was at odds at the time.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, First primary
The first round primary gubernatorial contest included Roemer, Edwin Edwards, David Duke, and Eighth District Congressman Holloway who all ran in Louisiana's open primary. Roemer was wounded by his mistakes as governor, while Edwards and Duke each had a passionate core group of supporters. Roemer shockingly placed third in the primary. One of the contributing factors to Roemer's defeat was a last-minute advertising barrage by Marine Shale owner Jack Kent. Marine Shale had been targeted by the Roemer administration as a polluter. Kent spent $500,000 of his own money in the closing days of the campaign to purchase anti-Roemer commercials.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Runoff campaign
Faced with the alternative of David Duke, many Louisianans who were otherwise critical of Edwards now looked favorably on him as an alternative. This included Buddy Roemer, who had run in the primary on an "Anyone but Edwards" platform. He ended up endorsing Edwards rather than Duke, who was the putative Republican candidate.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Runoff campaign
The resulting runoff campaign was widely seen as one of the dirtiest and most negative campaigns in recent history. Edwards and his supporters seized on Duke's record as a white supremacist; Duke responded by claiming to be a born-again Christian who had renounced racism and anti-Semitism after his conversion.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Runoff campaign
Nearly the entire Republican leadership rejected Duke's candidacy. In a news conference, President George H. W. Bush condemned Duke as unfit for public office:


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Runoff campaign
When someone has a long record, an ugly record, of racism and bigotry, that record simply cannot be erased by the glib rhetoric of a political campaign. So I believe David Duke is an insincere charlatan. I believe he's attempting to hoodwink the voters of Louisiana. I believe he should be rejected for what he is and what he stands for.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Runoff campaign
Humorous unofficial bumper stickers were created to support Edwards over Duke, despite his reputation. One bumper sticker read "Vote for the Lizard, not the Wizard", while another read "Vote For The Crook: It's Important."


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Runoff campaign, Debate
The , held on November 6, 1991, received significant attention when reporter Norman Robinson questioned Duke. Robinson, who is African-American, told Duke that he was "scared" at the prospect of his winning the election because of his history of "diabolical, evil, vile" racist and anti-Semitic comments, some of which he read to Duke. He then pressed Duke for an apology. When Duke protested that Robinson was not being fair to him, Robinson replied that he didn't think Duke was being honest. Jason Berry of the Los Angeles Times called it "startling TV" and the "catalyst" for the "overwhelming" turnout of black voters that helped former Governor Edwin Edwards defeat Duke.


1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Results
Although he won only 26 of 64 parishes, Edwards finished first in the primary with 523,096 votes (33.76%). Duke finished second, carrying 31 parishes with 491,342 votes (31.71%). Roemer, the incumbent, finished third with 410,690 votes (26.51%) and carried seven parishes. In the runoff, Edwards won the election with 1,057,031 votes. Most of the people who voted Roemer in the primary voted for Edwards in the runoff, helping Edwards win Jefferson and St. Tammany Parishes.


1991 Louisville Cardinals football team
The 1991 Louisville Cardinals football team represented the University of Louisville in the 1991 college football season. The team played their home games in Cardinal Stadium.


1991 Louth County Council election
An election to Louth County Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 26 councillors were elected from five electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for a five-year term of office.


1991 Lufthansa Cup German Open
The 1991 Lufthansa Cup German Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Rot-Weiss Tennis Club in Berlin, Germany for the first time ever after German reunification along with the former East Berlin which was reunited with the former West Berlin and that was part of the Tier I category of the 1991 WTA Tour. It was the 22nd edition of the tournament and was held from 13 May until 20 May 1991. First-seeded Steffi Graf won the singles title, her fifth at the event.


1991 Lufthansa Cup German Open, Finals, Doubles
Larisa Neiland /  Natasha Zvereva defeated  Nicole Provis /  Elna Reinach 6–3, 6–3


1991 M4 motorway crash
On 13 March 1991, a multiple-vehicle collision occurred during foggy conditions on the eastbound carriageway of the M4 motorway near Hungerford, Berkshire, between the Membury service station and junction 14.


1991 M4 motorway crash
Ten people were killed in the pile-up, which involved 51 vehicles, making it one of the deadliest crashes in the history of Britain's motorway network.


1991 M4 motorway crash, Circumstances
A van driver claimed something flew up in front of him, believed to be jackdaws, startling him and causing him to skid into the central reservation, but it was later reported that he fell asleep at the wheel. A car travelling behind the van changed lanes to avoid contact but other vehicles behind, which were travelling at speeds averaging 70 miles per hour, failed to avoid the crashed van and skidded into the other lanes of the carriageway. Others took evasive action by driving onto the hard shoulder and up the sides of the cutting. An articulated lorry then jack-knifed across all three lanes of the eastbound carriageway.


1991 M4 motorway crash, Circumstances
One driver – Alan Bateman – freed himself from his car and ran back down the central reservation to warn approaching motorists, but was ignored or hooted by some drivers as they continued towards the crash. In a period of 19 seconds, 51 vehicles became involved in a pile-up. Car fuel exploded along with the highly combustible material being carried in one of the vans (possibly deodorant) and the resultant series of explosions closed the carriageway for four days as the charred wrecks were removed and the road surface replaced.


1991 M4 motorway crash, Circumstances
Ten people were killed and 25 others were injured, making it one of the worst pile-ups on a motorway in Britain. There were three minor collisions caused by distracted drivers on the opposite carriageway of the motorway. It was particularly noted at the time that there were more people killed and injured in the crash than in the British Army from enemy fire in the Gulf War.


1991 M4 motorway crash, Circumstances
In parliament, MP Michael McNair-Wilson asked why the Thames Valley and Wiltshire police forces had not activated the motorway hazard lights to warn drivers of the patchy fog, but the under-secretary for transport, Christopher Chope, stated that these signs were only used for hazards not readily apparent to drivers and not for adverse weather conditions. The crash led to warning signals being introduced on British motorways to warn drivers of fog.


1991 M4 motorway crash, Tribute
The accident took place at the time of year when daffodils bloom in Southern England. After the accident, some police officers who attended the scene planted daffodil bulbs in the bank on the side of the road next to the accident. For many years in the middle of March, the site was marked by a patch of yellow.


1991 MAAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1991 MAAC Men's Basketball Tournament was held March 1–4 at Knickerbocker Arena in Albany, New York.


1991 MAAC Men's Basketball Tournament
Number three seed Saint Peter's defeated Iona in the championship game, 64–58, to win their first MAAC men's basketball tournament.


1991 MAAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The Peacocks received an automatic bid to the 1991 NCAA Tournament as the No. 12 seed in the Midwest region.


1991 MAAC Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
All nine of the conference's members participated in the tournament field. Teams were seeded based on regular season conference records. All games were played at the new Knickerbocker Arena in Albany, New York.


1991 MAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1991 Mid-American Conference Men's Basketball Tournament took place on March 8–10, 1991 at Cobo Arena in Detroit, Michigan. Eastern Michigan defeated Toledo, 67–66 in the championship game, to win its second MAC Tournament title.


1991 MAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The Eagles earned an automatic bid to the 1991 NCAA Tournament as #12 seed in the East region. In the round of 64, Eastern Michigan defeated Mississippi State 76–56, and followed that with a 71–68 win over Penn State to earn its first NCAA Tournament Sweet Sixteen appearance in program history.


1991 MAC Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
Eight of nine conference members participated, with play beginning in the quarterfinal round. Western Michigan was left out of the tournament field.


1991 MEAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1991 Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament took place on February 27–March 2, 1991 at Norfolk Scope in Norfolk, Virginia. Number five seed Florida A&M defeated three seed Delaware State, 84–80 in the championship game, to win its first MEAC Tournament title.


1991 MEAC Men's Basketball Tournament
The Rattlers participated in one of three play-in games to the 1991 NCAA Tournament. Florida A&M was defeated by NE Louisiana and did not participate in the NCAA Tournament.


1991 MEAC Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
All nine conference members participated, with play beginning in the first round round. The top seven teams received byes to the quarterfinal round. Teams were seeded based on their regular season conference record.


1991 MTV Video Music Awards
The 1991 MTV Video Music Awards aired live on September 5, 1991, honoring the best music videos from June 2, 1990, to June 15, 1991. The show was hosted by Arsenio Hall at the Universal Amphitheatre in Los Angeles.


1991 MTV Video Music Awards
This year saw the introduction of a new category, Best Long Form Video; however, this category would not be handed out again until the 2016 ceremony where it was renamed Breakthrough Long Form Video. Meanwhile, the award for Best Post-Modern Video was renamed Best Alternative Video, and The Video Vanguard Award was renamed the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award in honor of Michael Jackson′s contributions to the culture of music videos.


1991 MTV Video Music Awards
R.E.M. led the night both in awards and in nominations. Their video for "Losing My Religion" not only won Video of the Year, but it also took home a total of six awards, making them the biggest winners of the night. Furthermore, R.E.M. 's ten nominations also made them the most nominated artist that night and "Losing My Religion" the most nominated video of the night.


1991 MTV Video Music Awards, Nominations, Best Dance Video
C+C Music Factory – "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)"


1991 MTV Video Music Awards, Nominations, Best Choreography in a Video
C+C Music Factory – "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" (Choreographer: Jamale Graves)


1991 MTV Video Music Awards, Nominations, Best Special Effects in a Video
Faith No More – "Falling to Pieces" (Special Effects: David Faithfull and Ralph Ziman)


1991 MTV Video Music Awards, Nominations, Best Cinematography in a Video
Chris Isaak – "Wicked Game (Concept)" (Director of Photography: Rolf Kestermann)


1991 Macau Grand Prix
The 1991 Macau Grand Prix Formula Three was the 38th Macau Grand Prix race to be held on the streets of Macau on 24 November 1991. It was the eighth edition for Formula Three cars.


1991 Macedonian independence referendum
An independence referendum was held in the Republic of Macedonia on 8 September 1991, which afterwards proclaimed independence from SFR Yugoslavia. It was approved by 96.4% of votes, with a turnout of 75.7%. North Macedonia celebrates 8 September as Independence Day. According to some reports, 8 September was chosen as the date for the referendum to link it with the 8 September 1944 proclamation of the Independent State of Macedonia.


1991 Madrid City Council election
The 1991 Madrid City Council election, also the 1991 Madrid municipal election, was held on Sunday, 26 May 1991, to elect the 4th City Council of the municipality of Madrid. All 57 seats in the City Council were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in thirteen autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.


1991 Madrid City Council election
The People's Party (PP), People's Alliance new electoral brand, went on to win a City Council election in Madrid for the first time with an absolute majority of seats. The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) continued its decline in the city and lost 3 seats and around 150,000 votes, while United Left (IU) recovered from its 1987 debacle and, for the first time since 1979, increased in seats and votes. The ruling Democratic and Social Centre (CDS), whose local leader Agustín Rodríguez Sahagún had announced his intention not to run for re-election, all but disappeared from the Council after failing to meet the required 5% threshold.


1991 Madrid City Council election
As a result of the election, José María Álvarez del Manzano was elected Mayor unopposed, a post he would retain until 2003, becoming the longest-serving democratically elected Mayor of Madrid.


1991 Madrid City Council election, Electoral system
The City Council of Madrid (Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Madrid) was the top-tier administrative and governing body of the municipality of Madrid, composed of the mayor, the government council and the elected plenary assembly. Elections to the local councils in Spain were fixed for the fourth Sunday of May every four years.


1991 Madrid City Council election, Electoral system
Voting for the local assembly was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen, registered in the municipality of Madrid and in full enjoyment of their political rights, as well as resident non-nationals whose country of origin allowed Spanish nationals to vote in their own elections by virtue of a treaty. Local councillors were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each local council. Councillors were allocated to municipal councils based on the following scale:


1991 Madrid City Council election, Electoral system
The mayor was indirectly elected by the plenary assembly. A legal clause required that mayoral candidates earned the vote of an absolute majority of councillors, or else the candidate of the most-voted party in the assembly was to be automatically appointed to the post. In the event of a tie, the appointee would be determined by lot.


1991 Madrid City Council election, Electoral system
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of a determined amount of the electors registered in the municipality for which they were seeking election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. For the case of Madrid, as its population was over 1,000,001, at least 8,000 signatures were required.


1991 Madrid City Council election, Opinion polls
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font. 29 seats were required for an absolute majority in the City Council of Madrid.


1991 Madrilenian regional election
The 1991 Madrilenian regional election was held on Sunday, 26 May 1991, to elect the 3rd Assembly of the Autonomous Community of Madrid. All 101 seats in the Assembly were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in twelve other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.


1991 Madrilenian regional election
The election saw the electoral collapse of the Democratic and Social Centre (CDS), which fell below the 5% threshold and lost all their 17 seats. Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón's People's Party (PP) emerged as the largest party in the community for the first time, but was unable to form a government due to the lack of allies as a result of CDS expulsion from the Assembly. Consequently, Joaquín Leguina from the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) was re-elected President for a third term in office thanks to the support of United Left (IU).


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Overview, Electoral system
The Assembly of Madrid was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Madrid, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Madrilenian Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president.


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Overview, Electoral system
Voting for the Assembly was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Community of Madrid and in full enjoyment of their political rights. All members of the Assembly of Madrid were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied regionally. The Assembly was entitled to one member per each 50,000 inhabitants or fraction greater than 25,000.


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Overview, Election date
The term of the Assembly of Madrid expired four years after the date of its previous election. Legal amendments earlier in 1991 established that elections to the Assembly were to be fixed for the fourth Sunday of May every four years. The previous election was held on 10 June 1987, setting the election date for the Assembly on Sunday, 26 May 1991.


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Overview, Election date
After legal amendments in 1990, the president was granted the prerogative to dissolve the Assembly of Madrid and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process and that dissolution did not occur before one year had elapsed since the previous one. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Assembly was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called. Any snap election held as a result of these circumstances would not alter the period to the next ordinary election, with elected deputies merely serving out what remained of their four-year terms.


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Background
The 1987 election had resulted in a parliamentary deadlock. The opposition bloc of the People's Alliance (AP) and the CDS held 49 seats against 47 for the PSOE and IU. The ruling PSOE was initially able to hold on to power and have Joaquín Leguina re-elected President thanks to CDS' abstention, but nonetheless the government's majority remained precarious.


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Background
In 1988, an AP deputy, Nicolás Piñeiro Cuesta, resigned from the party as a result of ideological differences with the Madrid AP leader, Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón. Piñeiro launched his own party, the Independent Madrilenian Regional Party (PRIM), shortly after. Thereafter, in January 1989, AP along with other parties merged into the newly-created People's Party (PP).


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Background
In the first half of 1989, the PP and the CDS reached an agreement of cooperation in the Madrid Assembly, resulting in a motion of no confidence against Leguina's government in June 1989, in an attempt to replace it with a PP-CDS administration headed by Ruiz-Gallardón as Madrid President. To succeed, the motion needed the support of a majority of members, meaning that 49 votes were needed. With the PP and CDS having 48 members, Piñeiro's support was necessary. However, he abstained, and the United Left members blocked the motion alongside PSOE, resulting in the vote failing.


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Parties and candidates
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least 0.5 percent of the electorate in the Community of Madrid, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Parties and candidates
Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Opinion polls
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font. 51 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Assembly of Madrid.


1991 Madrilenian regional election, Aftermath
Investiture processes to elect the President of the Community of Madrid required for an absolute majority—more than half the votes cast—to be obtained in the first ballot. If unsuccessful, a new ballot would be held 48 hours later requiring of a simple majority—more affirmative than negative votes—to succeed. If none of such majorities were achieved, successive candidate proposals could be processed under the same procedure. In the event of the investiture process failing to elect a regional President within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Assembly would be automatically dissolved and a snap election called.


1991 Maine Black Bears football team
The 1991 Maine Black Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of Maine as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1991 NCAA Division I-AA football season. In their second season under head coach Kirk Ferentz, the Black Bears compiled a 3–8 record (2–6 against conference opponents) and finished in a three-way tie for last place in the conference. Paul Capriotti and Brian Roche were the team captains.


1991 Major Indoor Lacrosse League season
The 1991 season is the 5th season of the league that began on December 29, 1990, and concluded with the championship game on April 6, 1991.


1991 Major Indoor Lacrosse League season, Team movement
No teams were added, removed, or relocated in the 1991 season. However, the MILL did divide the six teams into two divisions: Detroit, Pittsburgh, and New England comprised the National Division, and the American Division was Baltimore, New York, and Philadelphia.


1991 Major Indoor Lacrosse League season, Regular season
x: Clinched playoff berth; c: Clinched playoff berth by crossing over to another division; y: Clinched division; z: Clinched best regular season record; GP: Games PlayedW: Wins; L: Losses; GB: Games back; PCT: Win percentage; Home: Record at Home; Road: Record on the Road; GF: Goals scored; GA: Goals allowedDifferential: Difference between goals scored and allowed; GF/GP: Average number of goals scored per game; GA/GP: Average number of goals allowed per game


1991 Major Indoor Lacrosse League season, All Star Game
The first-ever MILL All-Star Game was held at the Spectrum in Philadelphia during the 1991 season. The National Division defeated the American Division 25-20.


1991 Major Indoor Lacrosse League season, Statistics leaders
Bold numbers indicate new single-season records. Italics indicate tied single-season records.


1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 62nd playing of the midsummer classic between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and National League (NL), the two leagues comprising Major League Baseball. The game was held on July 9, 1991, at SkyDome in Toronto, the home of the Toronto Blue Jays of the American League. It was only the second time that the game was played outside the United States, as the National League's Montreal Expos hosted the 1982 Midsummer Classic at Olympic Stadium in Montreal, Quebec.


1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The game resulted in the American League defeating the National League 4-2. Both the winning and losing pitchers represented the Canadian teams; the Blue Jays' Jimmy Key earned the win while the Expos' Dennis Martínez was given the loss. This was also the only All-Star Game to be awarded by Commissioner A. Bartlett Giamatti, who awarded the game to the Blue Jays on Canada Day 1989.


1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Rosters
Players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.


1991 Major League Baseball draft, First round selections
The following are the first round picks in the 1991 Major League Baseball draft.


1991 Major League Baseball season
The 1991 Major League Baseball season saw the Minnesota Twins defeat the Atlanta Braves for the World Series title, in a series where every game was won by the home team.


1991 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1991 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix was the last round of the 1991 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 27–29 September 1991 at the Shah Alam circuit.


1991 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Wayne Rainey and Kevin Schwantz out with broken bones in pre-race practice: Schwantz with a broken hand, Rainey with a broken femur at the knee joint. Months of rehabilitation were required for Rainey to get range of motion back into the leg.


1991 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
John Kocinski on pole. Mick Doohan takes the start from Wayne Gardner and Kocinski.


1991 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Kocinski takes the lead from Gardner, with Doohan in 3rd looking like his set-up is wrong, his bike vibrating visibly.


1991 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
Kocinski opens a large gap and wins. On the podium, Gardner and Doohan look at each other and simultaneously spray champagne on Kocinski, who runs off the stage in a panic. Kocinski is notorious for being obsessed with cleanliness.


1991 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix, 500 cc race report
The 1991 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix was the final race for Didier de Radigues.


1991 Malian coup d'état
The 26 March 1991 Malian coup d'état resulted in the overthrow of President Moussa Traoré after over two decades of dictatorship and eventually led to multi-party elections.


1991 Malian coup d'état, Background
In 1968, Traoré had himself led a military coup d'état, ousting the first president of Mali, Modibo Keïta, and making himself the second. On 25 October 1990, opposition to his decades-long rule coalesced into the Alliance for Democracy in Mali (ADEMA), an umbrella organization for opposition groups. Unrest grew as the people blamed the regime's corruption and mismanagement for the economic troubles they faced. Further, Traoré had to institute austerity programs to satisfy the International Monetary Fund, causing increased hardship for all but the rich.


1991 Malian coup d'état, Background
ADEMA and other pro-democracy groups demanded the end of the one-party state. On 22 March, tens of thousands of students and others marched through the streets of Bamako, the nation's capital. Government soldiers fired on the peaceful demonstrators, killing 28 and setting off days of rioting. Sources vary as to the toll: the opposition claimed 148 killed and hundreds wounded, while Traoré said there were 27 deaths. Traoré declared a state of emergency and met with opposition leaders. He offered concessions, but refused to step down as they demanded. A general strike was called for 25 March. This time, the soldiers had had enough and did nothing to stop it.


1991 Malian coup d'état, Coup
Lieutenant Colonel Amadou Toumani Touré launched a coup that deposed Traoré. As news spread, hospital sources reported at least another 59 dead and 200 wounded, including revenge killings. Education Minister Bakary Traore and Mamadou Diarra, the former leader's brother-in-law, were burned to death.


1991 Malian coup d'état, Coup
The National Reconciliation Council (soon renamed the Transitional Committee for the Salvation of the People), chaired by Touré, was set up to run the country temporarily, until civilian government was reestablished in 1992 after constitutional referendum, presidential and parliamentary elections.


1991 Malian coup d'état, Aftermath
Former President Moussa Traoré was imprisoned in 1992 and sentenced to death. However, President Alpha Oumar Konaré first commuted his sentence to life imprisonment, then pardoned him and his wife in May 2002 as Konaré's term in office came to an end.


1991 Manchester City Council election
Elections to Manchester Council were held on Thursday, 2 May 1991. One third of the council was up for election, with each successful candidate to serve a four-year term of office, expiring in 1995. The Labour Party retained overall control of the Council.


1991 Manchester City Council election, Election result
After the election, the composition of the council was as follows:


1991 Manchester Open
The 1991 Manchester Open was the second edition of the Manchester Open men's tennis tournament and was played outdoor grass court in Manchester, United Kingdom. The tournament was part of the ATP World Series of the 1991 ATP Tour and was held from 17 June until 24 June 1991. Second-seeded Goran Ivanišević won the singles title.


1991 Manchester Open, Finals, Doubles
Omar Camporese /  Goran Ivanišević defeated  Nick Brown /  Andrew Castle 6–4, 6–3


1991 Manchester Open – Doubles
Mark Kratzmann and Jason Stoltenberg were the defending champions, but did not participate this year.


1991 Manchester Open – Doubles
Omar Camporese and Goran Ivanišević won the title, defeating Nick Brown and Andrew Castle 6–4, 6–3 in the final.


1991 Manchester Open – Singles
Goran Ivanišević defeated Pete Sampras 6–4, 6–4 in the final to secure the title.


1991 Marshall Thundering Herd football team
The 1991 Marshall Thundering Herd football team represented Marshall University in the 1991 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Herd were led by head coach Jim Donnan. They played their home games in Marshall University Stadium with a capacity of 28,000. The 1991 season ended with an 11–4 overall record and a return to the Division I-AA Championship for the first time since 1987.


1991 Maryland Terrapins football team
The 1991 Maryland Terrapins football team represented the University of Maryland in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fifth and final season under head coach Joe Krivak, the Terrapins compiled a 2–9 record, finished in sixth place in the Atlantic Coast Conference, and were outscored by their opponents 302 to 138. The team's statistical leaders included Jim Sandwisch with 1,499 passing yards, Mark Mason with 452 rushing yards, and Frank Wycheck with 438 receiving yards.


1991 Masters (snooker)
The 1991 Benson & Hedges Masters was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 3 and 10 February 1991 at the Wembley Conference Centre in London, England. The highest break of the tournament was a 135 compiled by Dennis Taylor, for which he earned £7,500.


1991 Masters (snooker)
In the final, defending champion Stephen Hendry performed what is considered to be one of the greatest comebacks in snooker, when he defeated Mike Hallett 9–8, after trailing 0–7 and 2–8 earlier in the match. With the Masters title in his sights, Hallett just needed to pot the final pink and black in the eleventh frame to win the match, but he missed the pink with the rest at 8–2 up, allowing Hendry to take the frame and then make a historic recovery.


1991 Masters (snooker)
Places in the tournament were allocated to the top 16 players in the world rankings. World number one Stephen Hendry was the number 1 seed. Players seeded 15 and 16 (Tony Meo and Alain Robidoux) competed in the wild-card round against Alan McManus, who was the winner of the qualifying event, and Gary Wilkinson (ranked 19), who was the wild-card selection. Martin Clark (ranked 12), Alan McManus, Alain Robidoux, and Gary Wilkinson were making their Masters debuts.


1991 Masters (snooker), Qualifying Event
Alan McManus won the qualifying tournament, known as the 1990 Benson & Hedges Satellite Championship at the time beating James Wattana 9–5 in the final to qualify for the main tournament at Wembley. The tournament was played at the Masters Club in Glasgow between 1 and 6 December 1990.


1991 Masters Tournament
The 1991 Masters Tournament was the 55th Masters Tournament held April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Ian Woosnam won his only major title, one stroke ahead of runner-up José María Olazábal.


1991 Masters Tournament
Woosnam, Olazábal, and two-time champion Tom Watson, age 41, were all tied at −11 going into the 72nd hole. Olazábal, a group ahead of the final pairing of Woosnam and Watson, went from fairway bunker to greenside bunker and failed to hole a 45-foot (14 m) par putt. Watson, who had eagled both 13 and 15, missed the fairway right with his tee shot and then hit his second shot into a greenside bunker. He chipped out and three-putted for a double bogey. Woosnam then holed an 8-foot (2.4 m) par putt for the green jacket.


1991 Masters Tournament
It was the fourth consecutive year that the Masters champion was from the United Kingdom, which had no winners prior to Sandy Lyle's victory in 1988. Through 2017, Woosnam is the only winner at Augusta from Wales. Olazábal later won two Masters, in 1994 and 1999.


1991 Masters Tournament
Phil Mickelson, a 20-year-old junior at Arizona State, was the low amateur at 290 (+2) and tied for 46th place.


1991 Masters Tournament, Field
Tommy Aaron, George Archer, Seve Ballesteros (3,9), Gay Brewer, Billy Casper, Charles Coody, Ben Crenshaw (9,12), Nick Faldo (3,10), Raymond Floyd (2,9), Doug Ford, Bernhard Langer (9), Sandy Lyle, Larry Mize (9,10,13), Jack Nicklaus (9), Arnold Palmer, Gary Player (9), Craig Stadler (9,10), Tom Watson (9,14), Fuzzy Zoeller (9,10)


1991 Masters Tournament, Field
Wayne Grady (13), Larry Nelson (10), Jeff Sluman (10), Bob Tway (12,13)


1991 Masters Tournament, Field
Bill Britton (11), Fred Couples (11,13,14), Donnie Hammond, Scott Hoch (10), John Huston (10,13), Steve Jones (10), Tom Kite (12,13,14), José María Olazábal (10,12), Masashi Ozaki, Ronan Rafferty, Lee Trevino, Lanny Wadkins (12,13,14)


1991 Masters Tournament, Field
Jim Benepe, Mark Brooks, Billy Ray Brown, Mike Donald, John Inman, Tom Sieckmann, Tim Simpson (11,12,13)


1991 Masters Tournament, Field
Chip Beck (12,13,14), Billy Mayfair (13), Mark McNulty, Gil Morgan (12,13), Don Pooley, Loren Roberts (13)


1991 Masters Tournament, Field
Paul Azinger (13,14), Jay Don Blake, Steve Elkington (13), David Frost, Jim Gallagher Jr. (13), Morris Hatalsky, Nolan Henke, Kenny Knox, Wayne Levi (13), Davis Love III (13), Andrew Magee, Rocco Mediate, Jodie Mudd (13), Mark O'Meara (13,14), Steve Pate, Corey Pavin (13), Ted Schulz, Joey Sindelar, Ian Woosnam


1991 Masters Tournament, Field
John Cook, Ian Baker-Finch, Robert Gamez, Peter Jacobsen, Nick Price, Brian Tennyson


1991 Masters Tournament, Round summaries, Second round
Amateurs: Mickelson (−2), Zerman (−2), Stuart (+9), Combs (+11), Muntz (+11)


1991 Masters of Formula 3
The 1991 Marlboro Masters of Formula 3 was the first Masters of Formula 3 race held at Circuit Park Zandvoort on 18 August 1991. It was won by David Coulthard, for Paul Stewart Racing.


1991 Matchroom League
The 1991 Trust House Forte Matchroom League was a  professional non-ranking snooker tournament that was played from January to May 1991.


1991 Matchroom League, League phase
If points were level then match wins, followed by most frames won determined their positions. If two players had an identical record then the result in their match determined their positions. If that ended 4–4 then the player who got to four first was higher.


1991 Mauritanian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Mauritania on 12 July 1991. The new constitution would restore multi-party democracy for the first time since the 1960s, as well as creating a bicameral Parliament with a Senate and National Assembly. The constitution would not include term limits for the President. It was approved by 97.94% of voters with an 85.3% turnout.


1991 Mauritian general election
General elections were held in Mauritius on 15 September 1991. Three main parties gained seats in this election: the Militant Socialist Movement, Mauritian Militant Movement and the Labour Party. The MSM formed an alliance with the MMM and the Labour party formed an alliance with the Mauritian Social Democrat Party (PMSD). On 17 September 1991, results showed that MSM-MMM won 57 seats out of 66 seats. This gave 95% of seats to MSM-MMM leader Anerood Jugnauth and 5% to Labour Party-PMSD leader Navin Ramgoolam.


1991 Mauritian general election, Campaign
The main political parties taking part in the elections were the Militant Socialist Movement and Labour Party which were the current government, and the Mauritian Militant Movement which was the current opposition party. Earlier that year, Navin Ramgoolam became the leader of the Labour Party.


1991 Mauritian general election, Campaign
As a result, the MSM-Labour Party coalition broke down in February 1991 because Ramgoolam demanded that the deal between the parties should be reviewed and that the MSM leader, Anerood Jugnauth, should hold the office of Prime Minister for half of the term (two and a half years), with Ramgoolam serving out the remainder of the term. However, Jugnauth did not want to step aside in favour of Ramgoolam. Ramgoolam then announced that his party would contest the elections due September on its own.


1991 Mauritian general election, Campaign
Jugnauth proposed an electoral pact with the Mauritian Militant Movement(MMM), the party which Jugnauth himself had formerly led between 1976 and 1983, before the formation of the MSM. The two parties agreed that Anerood Jugnauth would remain Prime Minister for the full term of 5 years and that MMM leader Paul Bérenger would serve in his Cabinet. Bérenger later became Minister of External Affairs.


1991 Mauritian general election, Campaign
During the term, Rama Sithanen, Sheila Bappoo and Daram Gockool defected from the MSM to the Mauritian Labour Party. The defections put the MSM under increasing strain, and Jugnauth came under pressure to hold general elections in 1995 rather than 1996, as constitutionally scheduled.


1991 Mayo County Council election
An election to Mayo County Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 31 councillors were elected from seven electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for a five-year term of office.


1991 Mayo Senior Football Championship
This is a round-up of the 1991 Mayo Senior Football Championship. Hollymount, first-time winners the previous year, retained the Moclair Cup by defeating Westport in the final, with the latter making their first final appearance since 1942.


1991 Mayo Senior Football Championship, Mayo Senior Football Championship Final
Team:D. HealyO. KellyM. Morris (1-0 o.g.) M. ConnellyN. ConnellyP.J. FallonA. JenningsF. FahyP. RuaneJ. Jennings (0-2)N. Stagg (0-2)G. Stagg (0-2)P. WalshP.J. CoenT. Connolly (1-0)(Capt)


1991 Mayo Senior Football Championship, Mayo Senior Football Championship Final
Team:M. Higgins (Capt)P. MoranC. LambertS. CalveyN. BaynesT. Tierney (0-1)P. WalshC. DeverM. BrennanK. GeraghtyM. ConnollyL. GannonS. MoranJ. O'Grady (0-1)P. Kelly


1991 Mazda Classic
The 1991 Mazda Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the La Costa Resort and Spa in San Diego, California in the United States that was part of Tier III of the 1991 WTA Tour. It was the 13th edition of the tournament and was held from July 29 through August 5, 1991. Fourth-seeded Jennifer Capriati won the singles title and earned $45,000 first-prize money.


1991 Mazda Classic
It was the tournament's first year in La Costa after moving from the San Diego Tennis & Racquet Club. It was also Mazda's first year as sponsor after replacing Great American Bank, a San Diego-based institution that was in financial decline.


1991 Mazda Classic, Finals, Doubles
Jill Hetherington /  Kathy Rinaldi defeated  Gigi Fernández /  Nathalie Tauziat, 6–4, 3–6, 6–2


1991 McDonald's All-American Boys Game
The 1991 McDonald's All-American Boys Game was an All-star basketball game played on Saturday, April 6, 1991 at the Springfield Civic Center in Springfield, Massachusetts. The game's rosters featured the best and most highly recruited high school boys graduating in 1991. The game was the 14th annual version of the McDonald's All-American Game first played in 1978.


1991 McDonald's All-American Boys Game, 1991 game
The game was telecast live by CBS. The rosters were full of talented forwards: the forward position was the most represented among the top ranked recruits of the 1991 class. Only Cory Alexander and Donyell Marshall were still undecided about their college choice. 4 All-Americans of the West team had committed to Michigan and went on to be part of the so-called Fab Five: Howard, King, Rose and Webber. Chris Webber also won the MVP award, along with Rick Brunson.


1991 McDonald's All-American Boys Game, 1991 game
While Brunson showcased his all-around skills by recording 19 points, 7 rebounds and 6 assists, Webber was instrumental in the West comeback in the second half, and gave his team the victory with a slam dunk with 6 seconds left on the game clock. Webber ended the game with 28 points and 12 rebounds. Other players who starred were Glenn Robinson (20 points/8 rebounds), James Forrest (22 and 10), Don Williams (20 points) and Juwan Howard (16). Of the 20 players, 15 went on to play at least 1 game in the NBA.


1991 McDonald's Open
The 1991 McDonald's Open took place at Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France.


1991 McDonald's Open, Games
All games were held at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France.


1991 McNeese State Cowboys football team
The 1991 McNeese State Cowboys football team represented McNeese State University in the 1991 NCAA Division I-AA football season.


1991 Meath County Council election
An election to Meath County Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 29 councillors were elected from five electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for an eight-year term of office.


1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship
The 1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship is the 65th edition of the Meath GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for intermediate graded teams in County Meath, Ireland. The tournament consists of 20 teams. The championship starts with a group stage and then progresses to a knock out stage.


1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship
This year marked the first year of St. Ultan's existence since the formation of Intermediate club Martry Harps and Junior A club Bohermeen in January 1991.


1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship
This was Simonstown Gaels' first appearance in the grade as they were promoted from the J.F.C. after claiming the 1990 Meath Junior Football Championship title, and they made it to the quarter-final, losing to eventual champions Ballinlough.


1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship
On 10 November 1991, Ballinlough claimed their 2nd Intermediate championship title when they defeated St. Patrick's 1-9 to 0-11 in the final at Pairc Tailteann.


1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship
Bellewstown were regraded to the J.F.C. for 1992 after over 5 years as an Intermediate club.


1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship, Team changes
The following teams have changed division since the 1990 championship season.


1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship, Group stage
There are 4 groups called Group A, B, C and D. The top two finishers in all groups will qualify for the quarter finals.


1991 Meath Intermediate Football Championship, Knock-out Stages, Finals
The teams in the quarter-finals are the top two finishers from each group.


1991 Meath Senior Football Championship
The 1991 Meath Senior Football Championship is the 99th edition of the Meath GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior graded teams in County Meath, Ireland. The tournament consists of 15 teams, with the winner going on to represent Meath in the Leinster Senior Club Football Championship. The championship starts with a group stage and then progresses to a knock out stage.


1991 Meath Senior Football Championship
This was Dunderry's return to the grade after claiming the 1990 Meath Intermediate Football Championship title.


1991 Meath Senior Football Championship
Navan O'Mahonys were the defending champions after they defeated Summerhill after a replay in the previous years final, however their quest for five titles in a row was ended by Walterstown at the semi-final stage.


1991 Meath Senior Football Championship
Gaeil Colmcille claimed their 1st S.F.C. title (since being formed from the Kilmainham, Drumnbaragh and Kells Harps clubs in 1966) when beating Walterstown 1-12 to 1-6 after a replay in the final at Pairc Tailteann on 3 November 1991. Terry Ferguson raised the Keegan Cup for Gaeil Colmcille while Eugene McGillick claimed the 'Man of the Match' award.


1991 Meath Senior Football Championship
Nobber were regraded from the S.F.C. after 11 years as a senior club, which included three semi-final appearances. Castletown were also regraded after 15 years in the top-flight.


1991 Meath Senior Football Championship, Team Changes
The following teams have changed division since the 1990 championship season.


1991 Meath Senior Football Championship, Knock-out Stages
The teams in the quarter-finals are the second placed teams from each group and the Group C winner. The teams in the semi finals are Group A and B winners along with the quarter final winners.


1991 Mediterranean Games
The XI Mediterranean Games – Athens 1991, commonly known as the 1991 Mediterranean Games, were the 11th Mediterranean Games. The Games were held in Athens, Greece, from 28 June to 12 July 1991, where 2,762 athletes (2,176 men and 586 women) from 18 countries participated. There were a total of 214 medal events from 24 different sports.


1991 Mediterranean Games, Participating nations
The following is a list of nations that participated in the 1991 Mediterranean Games:


1991 Memorial Cup
The 1991 Memorial Cup occurred May 11–19 at the Colisée de Québec in Quebec City, Quebec. It was the 73rd annual Memorial Cup competition and determined the major junior ice hockey champion of the Canadian Hockey League (CHL). Participating teams were the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League champion Chicoutimi Saguenéens and runner-up Drummondville Voltigeurs, as well as the winners of the Ontario Hockey League and Western Hockey League which were the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds and Spokane Chiefs.


1991 Memorial Cup
The original host team, the Beauport Harfangs, dropped out after finishing 26-40-4 in the 1990-91 QMJHL season and failing to qualify for the playoffs. Spokane, led by the high-scoring duo of Pat Falloon and Ray Whitney, dominated the tournament and won their first Memorial Cup, defeating Drummondville 5-1 in the final game.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Chicoutimi Saguenéens
The Chicoutimi Saguenéens had the best record in the QMJHL during the 1990-91, winning the Jean Rougeau Trophy. The Saguenéens record was 43-21-6, earning 92 points and first place in the Dilio Division. Chicoutimi had the fourth highest goal total in the league, scoring 299 goals. The team allowed the fewest goals in the QMJHL at 223, winning the Robert Lebel Trophy. In the QMJHL quarter-finals, the Saguenéens defeated the Shawinigan Cataractes four games to two. Chicoutimi then faced off against the Laval Titan, who had won the QMJHL championship in the previous two seasons. The Saguenéens managed to defeat Laval four games to three, advancing to the President's Cup, and earning a berth in the 1991 Memorial Cup as the host team, the Beauport Harfangs dropped out of the tournament. Chicoutimi swept the Drummondville Voltigeurs in four games to win their first QMJHL championship.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Chicoutimi Saguenéens
Defenseman Francois Belanger led the club in points, as he scored 29 goals and 80 points in 63 games. Stephane Charbonneau led the Saguenéens in goals with 37, finishing with a total of 67 points in 55 games after being acquired in an early season trade with the Shawinigan Cataractes. Steve Larouche scored 35 goals and 76 points in only 48 games with the club due to injuries. In the post-season, Larouche scored a team high 13 goals and 33 points in 17 games. Goaltender Felix Potvin had a breakout season.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Chicoutimi Saguenéens
Potvin finished the season with a 33-14-4 record with a 2.70 GAA and a .908 save percentage. Potvin was awarded the Shell Cup - Defensive as the top defensive player in the league. His 2.70 GAA led the league, awarded Potvin the Jacques Plante Memorial Trophy. In the playoffs, Potvin had a record of 11-4 with a 2.78 GAA and a .901 save percentage, winning the Guy Lafleur Trophy for most valuable player in the post-season.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Chicoutimi Saguenéens
The 1991 Memorial Cup was the first appearance by the Saguenéens.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Drummondville Voltigeurs
The Drummondville Voltigeurs finished the 1990-91 season in third place in the Dilio Division with a record of 42-25-3, earning 87 points. Drummondville had the second most potent offense in the league, scoring 331 goals. The team finished with the fourth highest goals against in the QMJHL, allowing 282 goals. In the post-season, the Voltigeurs upset the Trois-Rivières Draveurs in the QMJHL quarter-finals with a four game to two series victory. In the QMJHL semi-finals, Drummondville defeated the Longueuil Collège Français, the top team from the Lebel Division, in a four game sweep. This ensured the Voltigeurs a berth at the 1991 Memorial Cup, as the host team, the Beauport Harfangs dropped out of the tournament after they failed to qualify for the playoffs. In the President's Cup finals against the Chicoutimi Saguenéens, the Voltigeurs were swept in four games.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Drummondville Voltigeurs
Drummondville was led offensively by Denis Chasse, who finished fifth in league scoring with 47 goals and 101 points in 62 games. His 47 goals were the third most in the league. Eric Plante scored 41 goals and 80 points in 69 games. Steve Larche had 28 goals and 71 points in 53 games, while adding a team high 24 points in 17 playoff games.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Drummondville Voltigeurs
Seventeen year old Yanick Dupre scored 29 goals and 67 points in 58 games, while another seventeen year old, Rene Corbet, scored 25 goals and 65 points in 45 games, helping both players get selected at the 1991 NHL Entry Draft. Corbet won the Michel Bergeron Trophy, awarded to the Offensive Rookie of the Year. Defenseman Patrice Brisebois, acquired by the Voltigeurs prior to the season from the Laval Titan, scored 17 goals and 61 points in 54 games with Drummondville. Brisebois won the Emile Bouchard Trophy as the Top Defenseman in the QMJHL.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Drummondville Voltigeurs
Brisebois also won the Paul Dumont Trophy, awarded to the Personality of the Year. Goaltender Pierre Gagnon was acquired from the Victoriaville Tigres early in the season became the starting goaltender for the Voltigeurs, posting a record of 25-11-3 with a 3.46 GAA and a .874 save percentage in 41 games.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Drummondville Voltigeurs
The 1991 Memorial Cup was the second time that the Voltigeurs qualified for the tournament. In the 1988 Memorial Cup, Drummondville finished in fourth place.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds
The Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds represented the Ontario Hockey League at the 1991 Memorial Cup. The Greyhounds finished the 1990-91 season with a 42-21-3 record, earning 87 points and first place in the Emms Division. Sault Ste. Marie scored 303 goals, the seventh highest total in the OHL, while allowing a league best 217 goals. In the Emms Division quarter-finals, the Greyhounds defeated the Dukes of Hamilton in a four game sweep, earning a bye in the division semi-finals. In the Emms Division finals, Sault Ste. Marie swept the Niagara Falls Thunder in four games and a berth in the J. Ross Robertson Cup finals. In the championship round, the Greyhounds defeated the favoured Oshawa Generals four games to two to win the Cup and earn a berth in the 1991 Memorial Cup.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds
Colin Miller led the Greyhounds in scoring, as he had 26 goals and 86 points in 62 games. Miller added a team high 22 points in 14 post-season games. Jarrett Reid led the team with 37 goals, as he had 66 points in 63 games. Seventeen year old rookie Ralph Intranuovo scored 25 goals and 67 points in 63 games, while Denny Lambert scored 28 goals and 67 points in 59 games.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds
Tony Iob was acquired by the team midway through the season in a trade with the Kingston Frontenacs, and in 24 games, Iob scored 18 goals and 29 points. Iob continued his hot play in the post-season, scoring 14 goals and 21 points in 14 games. Adam Foote led the defense, as he scored 18 goals and 69 points in 59 games. Brad Tiley scored 11 goals and 66 points in 66 games, while Bob Boughner scored 13 goals and 46 points in 64 games. Goaltending duties were split between Mike Lenarduzzi and Kevin Hodson.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds
Hodson won the F.W. "Dinty" Moore Trophy, awarded to the first-year goaltender with the best goals against average in the league. Hodson had a record of 18-11-0 with a 3.22 GAA and a .884 save percentage in 30 games. Lenarduzzi had a record of 19-8-3 with a 3.27 GAA and a .879 save percentage. Both Hodson and Lenarduzzi were awarded the Dave Pinkney Trophy, which is awarded to the team with the lowest GAA.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds
The 1991 Memorial Cup was the second time the Greyhounds earned a berth in the tournament. In the 1985 Memorial Cup, Sault Ste. Marie finished in third place.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Spokane Chiefs
The Spokane Chiefs represented the Western Hockey League at the 1991 Memorial Cup. The Chiefs had a record of 48-23-1, earning 97 points and a second place finish in the West Division. Spokane was a very high scoring team, leading the WHL with 435 goals scored. The Chiefs were the second best team defensively, allowing 275 goals. In the West Division semi-finals, the Chiefs defeated the Seattle Thunderbirds five games to one, setting up a series with the best team in the regular season, the Kamloops Blazers, in the West Division finals. The Chiefs shocked the Blazers, sweeping the series fives games to zero, earning a berth in the President's Cup finals. In the final round, the Chiefs swept the Lethbridge Hurricanes four games to none to earn a berth in the 1991 Memorial Cup.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Spokane Chiefs
The Chiefs were led by Ray Whitney, who had the second highest goal total in the league with 67 goals, and had a league high 185 points, in 72 games, earning the Bob Clarke Trophy. Whitney was also awarded the Four Broncos Memorial Trophy, given to the Most Valuable Player in the league. Whitney led the Chiefs in playoff scoring with 13 goals and 31 points in 15 games. Pat Falloon scored 64 goals and 138 points in 61 games. Falloon won the Brad Hornung Trophy, awarded to the Most Sportsmanlike Player in the WHL.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Spokane Chiefs
Falloon was ranked as the top prospect in the 1991 NHL Entry Draft, and both Falloon and Whitney would be selected by the San Jose Sharks. Mark Woolf scored 41 goals and 90 points in 67 games, while Steve Junker had 39 goals and 77 points in 71 games. Jon Klemm anchored the blue line, scoring seven goals and 65 points in 72 games. Scott Bailey was the Chiefs starting goaltender for a majority of the season, however, the club acquired Trevor Kidd in a late season trade with the Brandon Wheat Kings. Kidd was a top goaltending prospect who was the first goalie selected in the 1990 NHL Entry Draft.


1991 Memorial Cup, Teams, Spokane Chiefs
The 1991 Memorial Cup was the first time the Chiefs had qualified for the tournament.


1991 Memphis State Tigers football team
The 1991 Memphis State Tigers football team represented the University of Memphis as an independent in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was led by fifth-year head coach Chuck Stobart and played their home games at the Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee.


1991 Men's African Volleyball Championship
The 1991 Men's African Volleyball Championship was in Cairo, Egypt, with 10 teams participating in the continental championship.


1991 Men's British Open Squash Championship
The 1991 Hi-Tec British Open Championships was held at the Lambs Squash Club with the later stages being held at the Wembley Conference Centre from 12–22 April 1991. Jahangir Khan won his tenth consecutive title defeating Jansher Khan in the final. Jahangir was only seeded fourth because he had previously taken time off from competition through illness and exhaustion. Jamie Hickcox and Austin Adarraga now represented Canada and Australia respectively.


1991 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship
The 1991 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship was the sixth edition of the Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship, the quadrennial international men's field hockey championship of Europe organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held in Paris, France from 12 to 23 June 1991.


1991 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship
Germany won their third title by defeating the two-time defending champions the Netherlands 3–1 in the final. England won the bronze medal by defeating the Soviet Union 2–1 in penalty strokes after the match finished 1–1 after extra time.


1991 Men's European Volleyball Championship
The 1991 Men's European Volleyball Championship was the seventeenth edition of the event, organized by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Hamburg and Berlin, Germany from September 7 to September 15, 1991.


1991 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy
The 1991 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy was the 13th edition of the Hockey Champions Trophy, an international men's field hockey tournament organized by the FIH. It took place from 12 to 22 September 1991 in the Olympiastadion in Berlin, Germany.


1991 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy
The hosts Germany won their fourth title by finishing first in the round-robin tournament.


1991 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy, Statistics, Goalscorers
There were 57 goals scored in 15 matches, for an average of 3.8 goals per match.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships was the 55th such event sanctioned by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), and at the same time served as the 66th and last Ice Hockey European Championships. Teams representing 25 countries participated in several levels of competition. The competition also served as qualifications for group placements in the 1992 competition.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships
The top Championship Group A tournament took place in Finland from 19 April to 4 May 1991, with games played in Turku, Helsinki and Tampere. Eight teams took part, with each team playing each other once. The four best teams then played each other once more. Sweden became world champions for the fifth time, and the Soviet Union won their 27th European title. In the European Championships, only matches between European teams in the first round were counted towards scoring.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships
There were three significant 'lasts' in this year's championships. This would be the last year that a separate European title would be awarded, which the Soviets captured in their last appearance before the dissolution of the Soviet Union seven months later. Their position in Group A would be inherited by Russia, while newly independent former Soviet member states Belarus, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, and Ukraine began play in 1993 in qualification tournaments for Group C. The tournament itself would change significantly after this year as well. This was the last time the top level was contested by eight teams; beginning in 1992 it would expand to twelve, requiring both Groups B and C to promote four nations each.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships
The final round of four teams was a very tight battle, except for the United States. Getting only a tie against the last place Germans, the Americans only advanced to the final round by narrowly defeating the host Finns. The USA were easily defeated by the three other teams in the final round, but were involved in a controversial finish. The Canadians, having tied both the Swedes and the Soviets, needed to win their game against the US by five goals, then hope that the Swedes and Soviets tied, ensuring Canada the gold.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships
Winning 7–4 in the final minute, and despite playing short-handed, they miraculously got the two goals they needed. American coach Tim Taylor, trailing 9–4, pulled his goalie in the final minute, later claiming that he was trying to score the necessary number of goals to win the bronze medal. It was the last of many questionable finishes over the years that hastened the IIHF to change the format of the tournament.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships
The Soviets and Swedes took a 1–1 tie into the third period of the last game, which would have given the gold medal to Canada had it held up. However, Mats Sundin scored at 9:37, and the Swedes held on to capture gold.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Finland), Consolation Round
No team was relegated because of the expansion to twelve teams.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group B (Yugoslavia)
Played in Ljubljana, Bled and Jesenice 28 March to 7 April. With the expansion of Group A impending, promotion was available to the top four finishers. As well, the top three qualified directly for the Olympics, with fourth place needing to defeat the winner of Group C.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group B (Yugoslavia)
Italy, Norway, France, and Poland all were promoted to Group A, no one was relegated.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group C (Denmark)
Played in Brøndby 23 March to 3 April. With the expansion of Group A, four openings in Group B were available. In addition, the winner got to play off for the last Olympic spot against the fourth place Group B finisher.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group C (Denmark)
Denmark, China, Romania and Bulgaria were all promoted. With no Group D in existence at this time, there was no relegation.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships, Ranking and statistics, European championships final standings
The final standings of the European championships according to IIHF:


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships, Ranking and statistics, Scoring leaders
List shows the top skaters sorted by points, then goals.


1991 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships, Ranking and statistics, Leading goaltenders
Only the top five goaltenders, based on save percentage, who have played 50% of their team's minutes are included in this list.


1991 Men's South American Volleyball Championship
The 1991 Men's South American Volleyball Championship, took place in 1991 in São Paulo ( Brazil).


1991 Men's World Open Squash Championship
The 1991 PSA Men's World Open Squash Championship is the men's edition of the 1991 World Open, which serves as the individual world championship for squash players. The event took place in Adelaide in Australia from 30 July to 4 August 1991. Rodney Martin won his first World Open title, defeating Jahangir Khan in the final.