1984 Winnipeg Blue Bombers season
The 1984 Winnipeg Blue Bombers finished in 2nd place in the West Division with an 11–4–1 record. They closed out the season by winning the Grey Cup 47–17 over the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. Their first Grey Cup victory since 1962.


1984 Winston 500
The 1984 Winston 500 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that took place on May 6, 1984, at Alabama International Motor Speedway in Talladega, Alabama.


1984 Winston 500, Background
Talladega Superspeedway, originally known as Alabama International Motor Superspeedway (AIMS), is a motorsports complex located north of Talladega, Alabama. It is located on the former Anniston Air Force Base in the small city of Lincoln. The track is a Tri-oval and was constructed by International Speedway Corporation, a business controlled by the France Family, in the 1960s. Talladega is most known for its steep banking and the unique location of the start/finish line - located just past the exit to pit road. The track currently hosts the NASCAR series such as the Monster Energy Cup Series, Xfinity Series, and the Camping World Truck Series. Talladega Superspeedway is the longest NASCAR oval with a length of 2.66 miles (4.28 km), and the track at its peak had a seating capacity of 175,000 spectators.


1984 Winston 500, Race report
Forty cars competed in this 188-lap race; 39 of them were born in the United States while Trevor Boys was born in Canada. The pole position was won by Yarborough with a speed of 202.692 miles per hour (326.201 km/h); one of the times where the qualifying speed exceeded the 200 miles per hour (320 km/h) threshold. This race featured 75 lead changes and laps exceeding 200 mph with unrestricted engines. The NBC TV coverage featured Bruce Jenner (now Caitlyn Jenner) as the pit reporter.


1984 Winston 500, Race report
Some notable crew chiefs who participated in this race were Kenny Wallace, Junie Donlavey, Darrell Bryant, Joey Arrington, Cecil Gordon, Dale Inman, Waddell Wilson, Jake Elder, Harry Hyde, and Kirk Shelmerdine.


1984 Winston 500, Race report
The average speed of the race was 172.988 miles per hour (278.397 km/h). Four cautions covered 17 laps. Chevrolet was the manufacturer for the majority of the grid. Cale Yarborough defeated Harry Gant by two car lengths after nearly three hours of racing in front of more than 110000 audience members; marking the 80th race win in Yarborough's NASCAR Winston Cup Series career. 75 lead changes occurred; the most ever in NASCAR Cup Series history.


1984 Winston 500, Race report
It would exceed the record set by the 1978 Talladega 500 for the number of leader changes in the race. This record would eventually be broken at the 2010 Aaron's 499 and be tied at the 2011 Aaron's 499. Since NASCAR only covered the lead changes that occurred at the end of each lap, there were many more lead changes that weren't officially recorded because they didn't last the whole lap.


1984 Winston 500, Race report
Jimmy Means suffered an oil pressure problem on the sixth lap and ended up in last place. Bill Elliott, Terry Labonte, Dale Earnhardt, Rusty Wallace, and David Pearson all took turns being the leading the race. Phil Barkdoll would make his NASCAR debut in this race. Until the 2010 Sprint Cup Series season, this race was considered to be the most competitive in NASCAR history. The use of the Car of Tomorrow along with NASCAR's then-current Have at it, boys policy and smaller restrictor plates made the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series races at Daytona and Talladega more prone to passing.


1984 Winter Olympics
The 1984 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIV Olympic Winter Games (Serbo-Croatian and Slovene: XIV. Zimske olimpijske igre; Cyrillic: XIV Зимске олимпијске игре; Macedonian: XIV Зимски олимписки игри, romanized: XIV Zimski olimpiski igri) and commonly known as Sarajevo 1984 (Cyrillic: Сарајево 1984; Macedonian: Сараево 1984), was a winter multi-sport event held between 8 and 19 February 1984 in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Yugoslavia. It was the first Winter Olympic Games held in a socialist state and in a Slavic language-speaking country. It was the second consecutive Olympic Games to be held in a socialist state and in a Slavic language-speaking country, after the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Soviet Union. It was also the first Olympics to take place in the Balkans since the first Olympic Games in Athens.


1984 Winter Olympics
The Games were held in Sarajevo and at resorts in the Dinaric Alps located less than 25 kilometers from the city. At the start of the Games, the sports program was disrupted by weather conditions and the alpine ski races started four days late.


1984 Winter Olympics
The Games brought together 1272 athletes from 49 countries, which represents a significant increase compared to 1980. Athletes participated in six  sports and ten disciplines in a total of thirty-nine official events, one more than the Games four years earlier. Egypt,  British Virgin Islands, Monaco,  Puerto Rico and  Senegal participated for the first time in the Olympic Winter Games. Finland's Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen, won all three individual races in  cross-country skiing, won the most medals of the Games. Yugoslavia won the first medal in its history at the Winter Games after skier Jure Franko came second in the giant slalom.


1984 Winter Olympics
East Germany, which won all gold and silver medals in women's speed skating and bobsleigh, finished first on the  medal table with twenty-four awards, nine of which were gold. The 1984 Winter Olympics, considered a success, made it possible to modernize Sarajevo and develop winter sports in Yugoslavia, but the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which broke out in 1992 heavily damaged the city and the Olympic facilities. Some sites have been renovated after the war but others remain abandoned.


1984 Winter Olympics, Host city selection, Selection of the host city
A study entitled "The possibilities and problems of tourism development continental in Yugoslavia” and published in 1968 by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) first indicated that Yugoslavia and in particular the region of Sarajevo have favorable conditions for the development of winter sports. As early as 1970, the authorities in Sarajevo planned to host the Winter Olympics to promote this development and become a sustainable winter sports center. They first considered a candidature for the Games of 1976 or 1980 but, after having modernized the city within the framework of the project “Protection of the environment and of man”, applied for those of 1984. The bid committee was created on 23 November 1977.


1984 Winter Olympics, Host city selection, Selection of the host city
Two other candidates for the Games were Göteborg in Sweden and Sapporo in Japan. The Gothenburg bid was expensive and there was vast differences in the distances between sites which would require air transport. Sapporo had previously hosted the Games in 1972, only twelve years before the proposed 1984 Games. The city therefore had experience and most of the infrastructure present, but new Olympic nations were seen as more attractive. Sarajevo presented a compact project, with all the planned venues within 25 kilometers of the city, and has experience of several international competitions such as Alpine Skiing World Cup events or the Alpine Skiing Championships, and 'Europe of figure skating'.


1984 Winter Olympics, Host city selection, Selection of the host city
The host city for the XIV Olympic Winter Games was announced on 18 May 1978, during the 80th session of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in Athens, Greece. Sarajevo was selected by a margin of three votes over Sapporo, Japan. Gothenburg became the first Swedish city to lose a Winter Olympics bid; other Swedish cities, such as Falun and Östersund, would later lose consecutive bids to Calgary (1988), Albertville (1992), Lillehammer (1994), Nagano (1998), and Salt Lake City (2002), respectively. Sarajevo, the capital of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina, was part of the united Yugoslavia at the time.


1984 Winter Olympics, Host city selection, Politics
The 1984 Winter Games took place during the Cold War, four years after the  boycott of the  Moscow Games by dozens of nations including the United States and a few months before the boycott of the  Los Angeles Games by the Soviet Union and other aligned countries. International tensions did not affect the Winter Games.


1984 Winter Olympics, Organization, Organizing
A provisional organizing committee was created on July 13, 1978 and the final committee with 79 members was formed as April 1980 by the Yugoslav Olympic Committee and the Sarajevo Municipal Assembly. Branko Mikulic, member of the presidency of the central committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, was appointed chairman of the organizing committee. Ahmed Karabegovic was appointed the secretary-general and Anto Sucic, then president of the Sarajevo Municipal Assembly, became the president of the executive committee. The organizing committee included the president of the Yugoslav Olympic committee and representatives of the Federal Executive Council, the League of Communists and the Socialist Alliance of the Working People.


1984 Winter Olympics, Organization, Financial aspects
According to the financial results of the Games, the revenues amount to 19.83 billion Yugoslav dinars (approximately US$203 million) and expenses at 17.3 billion dinars (US$177 million), which corresponds to a profit of 2.54 billion of dinars (US$26 million). Although the official report for the games listed the final profit at US$10 million.


1984 Winter Olympics, Organization, Financial aspects
The Games were organized in a Communist State but the organizers did not hesitate to partner with capitalist companies to finance the Games. The Organizing Committee argued it was not hypocritical because sport must be above political influence. The organizing committee signed 218 contracts and arrangements in Yugoslavia and 459 on the foreign market. This included the sale of television rights, sponsorship, sale of license rights, free delivery of goods and equipment, advertising, donations as well as Olympic coins, lottery and philately.


1984 Winter Olympics, Organization, Financial aspects
Marketing brought in 4.31 billion dinars on the national market and 9.42 billion dinars on the foreign market, totaling 13.73 billion of dinars (US$141.65 million). The government also contributed to the financing of the Games: the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina paid 1.83 billion dinars, the Federation of Yugoslavia and the other republics and autonomous regions 0.78 billion and the city of Sarajevo 1 billion. From 1982 to the end of 1984, a deduction made from citizens' salaries (0.2% for citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 0.3% for those of Sarajevo) brought in 1.21 billion.


1984 Winter Olympics, Organization, Financial aspects
Building the facilities and purchasing the equipment for the Games cost a total of 8.63 billion dinars. The expenses were listed at 2.26 billion for equipment, 0.97 billion for the Zetra hall, 0.6 billion for the alpine ski slopes, 0.57 billion for the ice rink and the center of Skenderija press, 0.56 billion for the  bobsleigh and luge track, 0.4 billion for the speed skating track and 0.34 billion for the ski jumps. The organizing committee also invested 1.65 billion in posts, telegraphs and telephones, the television network, the aerodrome, the road network, 23 stations of sports of winter and sports centers and other facilities. Preparation and organization costs were listed at 4.51 billion dinar.


1984 Winter Olympics, Organization, Transport
The region's transport network was developed for the Games. Roads with a total length of 160 kilometers were constructed to improve access to mountain sites from Sarajevo or to link the sites to each other, the city's train station and the Sarajevo International Airport was renovated and a new terminal was built.


1984 Winter Olympics, Organization, Transport
Athletes, accompanying persons, officials and visitors arrived in Yugoslavia by regular flights to Zagreb and Belgrade to reach Sarajevo by train or by  charters which land directly in Sarajevo. Spectators were transported to the competition venues by coach and a fleet of cars, minibuses and coaches is used for official transport.


1984 Winter Olympics, Organization, Visual identity
The emblem of the 1984 Winter Olympics was a stylized snowflake which also used the national embroidery motif overhung with the Olympic rings. The  mascot for the competition was chosen by readers of Yugoslav newspapers from among six entries. The mascot was a wolf named  Vučko and created by Slovenian Jože Trobec.


1984 Winter Olympics, Media
The media played a much larger role at the Games in Sarajevo than at Lake Placid in 1980. More than 3,000 employees of the Yugoslav public broadcaster, Yugoslav Radio Television, produced 204 hours of television broadcasts. The number of countries in which received broadcasts of the games on television increased from 40 to 100 and the broadcasting rights, which were US$20.7 million in 1984, stand at US$102.7 million. Media revenue is shared between the organizing committee which received two-thirds and the IOC which collected one-third. The channel ABC spent US$91.5 million to broadcast the footage in the United States.


1984 Winter Olympics, Media
The Games were covered by 7,393 representatives of the media from 39 countries: 2,363 journalists from the print media and 5,030 employees television and radio channels. Seven press centers were set up near the various competition venues, the main one being that of Skenderija.


1984 Winter Olympics, Torch relay
The torch relay for the 1984 Winter Olympics started in Olympia and then proceeded by airplane to Dubrovnik. The total distance of the torch relay through Yugoslavia was 5,289 kilometres (3,286 mi) plus 2,879 kilometres (1,789 mi) of local routes. There were two main routes: one in the west (Split – Ljubljana – Zagreb – Sarajevo), 2,602 kilometres (1,617 mi) in length; and the other in the east (Skopje – Novi Sad – Belgrade – Sarajevo), 2,687 kilometres (1,670 mi) in length.


1984 Winter Olympics, Torch relay
The final torchbearer, from a total of 1,600, was figure skater Sanda Dubravčić, who received the torch from skier runner Ivo Čarman. One of the two original torches is held in a private collection in Žalec, Slovenia. There are also 20 more torches in Greece, owned by individual athletes who were the torchbearers from Ancient Olympia to the nearby military airport and from Athens Domestic Airport to the Panathinaikon Stadium where the Ceremony of handing over the Olympic Flame to the Sarajevo Olympic Games Committee occurred.


1984 Winter Olympics, Official mascot
Readers of Yugoslav newspapers were asked to choose the mascot for the 1984 Winter Olympics from a list of six finalists. The winner was Vučko, the little wolf, designed by Slovenian designer and illustrator Jože Trobec. The other finalists were a chipmunk, a lamb, a mountain goat, a porcupine, and a snowball. The Vučko is a long-time symbol of Sarajevo.


1984 Winter Olympics, Venues
In 1978, the Sarajevo region had an artificial ice rink, a few cross-country ski trails and biathlon and alpine ski slopes. Most of the facilities remained to be built. The construction of the new venues began in the summer of 1979 and was completed in December 1982, which made it possible to organize 31 national and international events during the pre-Olympic period. All the events took place in Sarajevo or at various resorts in the Dinaric Alps located less than 25 kilometers from the city.


1984 Winter Olympics, Venues
The Koševo City Stadium, built in 1947 in the center of Sarajevo, is completely renovated to host the opening ceremony of the Games. Its capacity was 45,000. The Zetra Olympic Hall, with a capacity of 8,500, is built near the Koševo stadium for part of the ice hockey and figure skating events as well as the closing ceremony. A natural speed skating track is also set up in the same district. Skenderija Sports Center, located in another part of town, was renovated and expanded for the Games to include an ice rink with a capacity 8,500 seats which hosted the other hockey and figure skating events as well as the main press center.


1984 Winter Olympics, Venues
The men's alpine ski races are held on Mount Bjelašnica, the highest mountain at 2,067 meters located southwest of Sarajevo. The women's events are contested on Mount Jahorina, at an altitude of 1,913 meters and located to the south-east of the city. The Nordic events take place on Mount Igman, near Mount Bjelašnica. Igman Olympic Jumps of 70 and 90 meters are built in Malo Polje. The already existing cross-country ski and biathlon tracks in Veliko Polje are redeveloped and a new shooting range is installed for the biathlon. A  Bobsleigh and Luge Track, the first in the country's history, was built on the Trebević south-east of Sarajevo. The track has a length of 1300 meters and a drop of 126 meters.


1984 Winter Olympics, Venues, Accommodation sites
The main Olympic village is being built in the Mojmilo district of Sarajevo. Approximately 1,950 athletes and accompanying persons are accommodated in the 639 apartments available. The organizers built an auxiliary Olympic village on Mount Igman for athletes and coaches of cross-country skiing, Nordic combined and biathlon, with a capacity of 500 people. A press village built in the Dobrinja district accommodates representatives of the press, radio and television as well as accompanying staff with 2,100 apartments for a total of 8,500 beds.


1984 Winter Olympics, Venues, Accommodation sites
Members of the IOC, international sports federations and national committees stay in a Holiday Inn comprising 340 rooms and 16 suites built in the city center . Finally, 19,400 beds are made available to tourists in hotels, private accommodation or apartments in the Sarajevo region. A total of nine hotels were built and seven more were renovated for the Games.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events
There were 39 events contested in 6 sports (10 disciplines).


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Biathlon
The biathlon events were held in Veliko Polje on Mount Igman.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Biathlon
Biathlon races began with the individual 20 km sprint. The 19-year-old East German Frank-Peter Rötsch quickly took the lead, but it was ultimately the West German Peter Angerer who won with a time one minute faster. Rötsch was second, and the bronze medal went to the Norwegian Eirik Kvalfoss. The next event was the 10 km sprint. Kvalfoss, world champion in 1982 and 1983, won the race despite two missed targets. Angerer won the silver medal due to a good finish and the East German Matthias Jacob was the bronze medalist.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Biathlon
The reigning Olympic champion Frank Ullrich missed three targets and finished only 17th. The Soviets did not win an individual medal and were not favorites for the relay. Dmitriy Vasilyev, Juri Kashkarov, Algimantas Šalna and Sergei Bulygin won the race however; this was the fifth consecutive time that the Soviet Union had won gold in the relay since the start of the event in 1968. Norway finished second with 1:20 ahead of East Germany. Kvalfoss and Angerer therefore ended the Games with three medals in three different events.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Bobsleigh
The bobsleigh races took place on the bobsleigh/luge track built on the Trebević mountain. The East Germans dominated the discipline as they won the two gold medals and two silver medals. As of 2020, this performance has still not been matched.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Bobsleigh
East Germans Wolfgang Hoppe and Dietmar Schauerhammer won the two-man bobsleigh event setting the fastest time in three of the four runs. They finished half a second ahead of their compatriots Bernhard Lehmann and Bogdan Musiol. The bobsledders of the Soviet Union created a surprise by placing third and fourth while the Swiss, world champions in 1982 and 1983, had to be content with fifth and sixth places. Swede Carl-Erik Eriksson was the first athlete to compete in six editions of the Olympic Winter Games. At 53 years old, he was also the oldest athlete at the 1984 Games.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Bobsleigh
In the four-man bobsleigh event, Hoppe again finished first ahead of Lehmann while Silvio Giobellina's Swiss bobsleigh won the bronze medal. These three crews finished all the heats in the first three places and in the same order. The differences were large since the Swiss bob 2 crew, which came in fourth, was 2:68 behind.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Nordic Combined
The Nordic combined athletes competed in three jumps on the 70 meters springboard, the two best being counted, then raced 15 kilometers on the tracks of Mount Igman the next day. The classification was established according to a points system. The Norwegian Tom Sandberg was in first place after the jumps. Among the other favorites, the Finns Rauno Miettinen and Jouko Karjalainen occupied the sixth and 15th ranks. Karjalainen won the cross-country ski race with 1:20.7 ahead of second-placed Sandberg, but it was not enough to overtake him in the final standings. Sandberg was the Olympic gold medal champion and Karjalainen silver medalist. Surprisingly, fifth in the two events, the Finn Jukka Ylipulli won the bronze medal and Miettenen, ninth in cross-country skiing, finished fourth.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Ice hockey
The ice hockey tournament took place on two rinks built in the districts of Zetra and Skenderija. The twelve teams were divided into two groups of six, and the two best teams of each group qualified for the final pool, any points acquired against the teams in the same pool being carried forward.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Ice hockey
There was controversy over player eligibility in advance of the Games. The IOC regulations stated that players who had signed a professional contract could not participate, while the International Ice Hockey Federation ruled that only players who had played a professional match were deemed ineligible. Finally, all players who had signed a contract or played a game in the National Hockey League were ineligible to take part in the Games. Conversely, Soviets and Czechoslovakians who had participated in no other activity than ice hockey could participate without any restriction.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Ice hockey
The Soviets won all their matches, notably thanks to the KLM Line made up of Vladimir Krutov, Igor Larionov, and Sergei Makarov. Continuing the tradition from the 1964 to 1976 Games, the Soviet Union won the gold medal with a 2–0 win over the Czechoslovaks who took silver. Sweden defeated Canada 2–0 to win the bronze.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Luge
The luge competitions were held on the Sarajevo Olympic Bobsleigh and Luge Track built on the Trebević mountain. The East German Torsten Görlitzer and the Italian Ernst Haspinger dominated the first two rounds of the men's event, but they both lost time in the third round. The Italian Paul Hildgartner, silver medalist in 1980, set the best time of the last two races and became Olympic champion. The podium was completed by the Soviets Sergey Danilin and Valery Dudin. This was the first time that East Germany had not won a medal in the men's luge competition at the Olympic Games since 1964.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Luge
East Germany dominated the women's event, taking the first three places in every round. World champion in 1983, Steffi Martin won all four races and won the gold medal, Bettina Schmidt won the silver medal, and Ute Oberhoffner won bronze.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Luge
The doubles event was very close as the Soviets Yevgeny Belousov and Aleksandr Belyakov were first by 6.7 hundredths of a second after the opening round, but a small mistake at the end of the second and final round cost them the victory. The West Germans Hans Stangassinger and Franz Wembacher won the Olympic title, 4 hundredths of a second ahead of Belousov and Beliakov, and the East Germans Jörg Hoffmann and Jochen Pietzsch won bronze.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Figure skating
The figure skating events took place at the Skenderija sports center. The American Scott Hamilton, world champion from 1981 to 1983, was first after the compulsory figures of the men's competition. The Canadian Brian Orser won the short program and the free skate ahead of Hamilton. Orser, who finished seventh in the compulsory figures, won the silver medal, while Hamilton won gold. The bronze medal went to Czechoslovakian Jozef Sabovčík. The favorites in the women's competition were the Americans Elaine Zayak and Rosalynn Sumners, world champions in 1982 and 1983, as well as East Germany's Katarina Witt.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Figure skating
Zayak was only thirteenth in the compulsory figures, which Sumners won, and Witt came third. The East German won the short program while Sumners took fifth place. In the free skate, Witt had a good performance that allowed her to win the gold medal while Sumners, who had a less difficult program than expected, settled for the silver medal. The Soviet Kira Ivanova took third place. The Soviets Elena Valova and Oleg Vassiliev, world champions in 1983, won the short program and the free program and finished in first place in the pairs event.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Figure skating
American siblings Kitty and Peter Carruthers were second and another Soviet pair, Larisa Seleznyova and Oleg Makarov, finished third. British ice dancers Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean did not disappoint the public. They carried out a very original program set to the music of Boléro by Maurice Ravel and the nine judges give them the maximum score of six for artistic impression. Torvill and Dean become Olympic champions ahead of two Soviet couples (Natalia Bestemianova/Andrei Bukin and Marina Klimova/Sergei Ponomarenko).


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Speed skating
For the Games, an outdoor track was constructed with natural ice near the Zetra Olympic Hall. The Soviet Sergey Fokichev won the 500 meters ahead of the Japanese skater Yoshihiro Kitazawa. Erroll Fraser, representing the British Virgin Islands, was the first athlete from the Caribbean to compete in a Winter Games. After finishing third in the 500 meters, the Canadian Gaétan Boucher won the 1,000 and the 1,500 meters; the Quebecer ended the Games with three medals.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Speed skating
Soviet Sergey Khlebnikov was second in these two races and the bronze medals were awarded to the Norwegian Kai Arne Engelstad and the Soviet Oleg Bozhev respectively. The Swede Tomas Gustafson, who picked up the training techniques of Eric Heiden, won the 5,000 meters ahead of the Soviet Igor Malkov. In the 10,000 meters, Malkov was this time ahead of Gustafson. The East German René Schöfisch finished third in the two events.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Speed skating
East Germany dominated the women's events, winning all of the gold and silver medals as well as a bronze medal, taking nine medals out of the twelve available. Karin Enke, who had won several world titles since winning the 500 meters Olympic gold in 1980, was the favorite in all four races. In the first event, the 1,500 meters, she easily won the gold medal by breaking the world record. She finished ahead of Andrea Ehrig and the Soviet Natalya Petrusyova, who were also among the favorites.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Speed skating
The world record holder Christa Luding won the 500 meters ahead of Enke and the Soviet Natalya Glebova. The 1,000 meters podium was identical to that of the 1,500 meters contested three days earlier. In the last race, the 3,000 meters, the East Germans won all three medals: Ehrig ahead of Enke and Gabi Zange. This was the third time that a country had won the first three places in an Olympic speed skating event. Enke ended the Games with four medals and Ehring with three.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Ski jumping
The ski jumping events took place on the Igman hills, southwest of Sarajevo in windy weather conditions. On the normal hill, 20-year-old Matti Nykänen of Finland led the standings after the first round by achieving a jump of 91 meters. The 19-year-old East German Jens Weissflog was second with a jump of 90 meters. In the second run, Weissflog jumped to 87 meters and Nykänen, who would have won gold with a jump of 86 meters, landed at 84 meters. The East German was the Olympic champion ahead of the Finn.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Ski jumping
Jari Puikkonen, also Finnish, produced the best jump of the event: a jump of 91.5 meters allowed him to move up from 21st to third place. The final scores were close: there was a 1.2 point difference between the first and the second as well as between the second and the third.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Ski jumping
Nykänen largely dominated the event on the big hill. He jumped to 116 meters in the first run, while Weissflog only reached 107 meters. The Finn increased his lead by also producing the best jump of the second set. He won the Olympic title with a 17.5 points lead, the biggest gap between first and second in Olympic ski jumping history. Weissflog finished second and Czechoslovakian Pavel Ploc took third place.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Alpine skiing
The alpine skiing races took place on two different mountains: the men's events were contested on Bjelašnica and the women's events on Jahorina. The events started on February 13, four days behind schedule, because of strong winds and heavy snowfall.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Alpine skiing
The American Bill Johnson, winner at Wengen in January, won the downhill ahead of the Swiss Peter Müller and the Austrian Anton Steiner. Johnson became the first American to win a medal in alpine skiing at the Olympic Games. The Swede Ingemar Stenmark, considered one of the best skiers in the world in technical events, surrendered his Olympic eligibility in order to negotiate an agreement with the Swedish Ski Association to personally retain more of his sponsorship money. Also missing was Marc Girardelli, who previously refused to train with the Austrian team and competed under the Luxembourg flag.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Alpine skiing
Girardelli did not have Luxembourg citizenship and was not permitted to compete in the Games. The Swiss Max Julen set the fastest time of the first heat and the second of the second heat and became Olympic champion. The Slovenian Jure Franko, winner of the second round and second in the final standings, won the first Yugoslav medal in the history of the Winter Games. The bronze medal went to Andreas Wenzel of Liechtenstein. The American Phil Mahre, favorite in Stenmark's absence, finished first in the slalom ahead of his twin brother Steve.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Alpine skiing
This was the eighth time that siblings had taken the top two places in an individual Olympic event, but the Mahres were the first twins to achieve this performance. The French Didier Bouvet won the bronze medal. Both Mahre brothers retired from professional skiing after the Games at the age of 26.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Alpine skiing
The Swiss Michela Figini won her first World Cup race two weeks before the Games. First of three of the five training heats in Sarajevo, she won the downhill ahead of her compatriot Maria Walliser and the Czechoslovak Olga Charvátová. At 17 years old, Figini became the youngest Olympic champion in alpine skiing. The giant slalom podium was unexpected: the American Debbie Armstrong, who had never won a World Cup race, won gold ahead of her compatriot Christin Cooper. The Frenchwoman Perrine Pelen was third while another American, Tamara McKinney, finished in fourth place.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Alpine skiing
Only 21 of the 45 starters completed the two heats of the slalom. The Frenchwoman Christelle Guignard won the first round but did not complete the second. The Italian Paoletta Magoni, fourth in the first round and winner of the second round, became Olympic champion despite having also never won the World Cup. Pelen won a second medal, silver, ahead of Liechtenstein's Ursula Konzett.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Cross-country skiing
The cross-country skiing races took place in Veliko Polje, on the Igman mountain. A new technique, skate skiing, was widely used at the 1984 Games. However, it was prohibited on the last 200 meters of each race to avoid falls. The women's 20 kilometers, contested at the 1978 and 1982 World Championships, appeared at the Olympic Games.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Cross-country skiing
In the 15 kilometers, the Finn Harri Kirvesniemi led the race after 5.8 kilometers, but it was the Swede Gunde Svan who won. Aki Karvonen and Kirvesniemi, both Finnish, completed the podium. The 30 kilometers took place under difficult conditions. Three-time Olympic champion in 1980, the Soviet Nikolaj Zimjatov, won another gold medal ahead of his compatriot Alexander Savjalov and Svan. Zimjatov was the third cross-country skier ever to win four Olympic titles after the Swede Sixten Jernberg and the Soviet Galina Kulakova.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Cross-country skiing
After a tight 50 kilometers, the Swede Thomas Wassberg took the gold, just 4.9 seconds ahead of Svan, while Karvonen finished third. In the 4 × 10 kilometer relay, Svan, the last rider of the Swedish team, took ten seconds ahead of the Soviet, Zimjatov, and finished in first place. Finland, eighth after the first skier, took the bronze medal. Svan ended his Games with four medals (two gold, one silver, and one bronze).


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Cross-country skiing
After unsuccessfully competing in the 1976 and 1980 Olympics, Finland's Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen led the overall World Cup standings in 1983. In Sarajevo, she first won the 10 kilometers almost 19 seconds ahead of the Soviet Raisa Smetanina, the Olympic champion in 1976. The Norwegian Brit Pettersen won the bronze medal. Hämäläinen then won the 5 kilometers, 10 seconds ahead of the Norwegian Berit Aunli and 14 seconds ahead of the Czechoslovak Květoslava Jeriová-Pecková. She also won the 20 kilometers ahead of Smetanina and the Norwegian Anne Jahren.


1984 Winter Olympics, Events, Cross-country skiing
Norway, already in the lead after the first skier, won the 4 × 5 kilometers. Czechoslovakia won their first Olympic relay medal, silver, two seconds ahead of Finland who won the bronze medal. Hämäläinen, who won all three individual events as well as bronze in the relay, was the only three-time gold medalist of these Games.


1984 Winter Olympics, Calendar
The 1984 Winter Olympics took place from Wednesday 8 to Sunday 19 February, the dates were chosen to extend over twelve days and two weekends, like the previous editions. However, the ice hockey tournament began on February 7, the day before the Opening Ceremony. The number of events increased from thirty-eight to thirty-nine, the 20 kilometers women was added to the  cross-country skiing competitions. Around 430,000 attend the competitions.


1984 Winter Olympics, Calendar, Weather conditions
The organizers had to face bad weather conditions at the start of the Games. During the night of 8 to 9 February, 40 centimeters of snow fell in Sarajevo and up to one meter on mountain sites. On February 9, the men's downhill skiing was postponed due to winds blowing up to 200 km/h and the other events were held several hours late. The situation did not improve over the following days. The biathlon, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, ski jumping, bobsleigh and luge events were contested according to the schedule in difficult weather conditions while the alpine ski races only start on February 13.


1984 Winter Olympics, Calendar, Opening Ceremony
The  Opening Ceremony took place on February 8 in front of 45,000 spectators at Koševo City Stadium. It is hosted by hundreds of musicians and dancers from different regions of Yugoslavia. After the parade of athletes, the Olympic flag is presented to the Mayor of Sarajevo Uglješa Uzelac. Alpine skier Bojan Križaj and referee Dragan Perović take the Olympic oath and figure skater Sanda Dubravčić lights the Olympic cauldron. Afterwards, the President of Yugoslavia Mika Špiljak declared the Games officially open.


1984 Winter Olympics, Calendar, Closing Ceremony
The Closing Ceremony takes place on February 19 in the Zetra Olympic Hall. After the parade of athletes, Juan Antonio Samaranch, whose first Olympiad as IOC President, thanked the organizers and declared the Games closed. The Olympic flame is extinguished at 20:21.


1984 Winter Olympics, Medal count
Seventeen of the forty-nine nations participating in these Games win at least one medal, as detailed in the table below. Second behind the  Soviet Union from 1972 to 1980,  East Germany is first this time with twenty-four medals, nine of which are gold. East German athletes win all gold and silver medals in women's speed skating and bobsleigh. The Soviet Union, which won twenty-five medals, six of which were gold, moved to second place. This is mainly due to poorer performances in cross-country skiing since the Soviets won only one Olympic title in this discipline, against four in 1980.


1984 Winter Olympics, Medal count
The United States are third, as in Lake Placid, with eight medals including four gold. They achieved one of their best performances in alpine skiing history (five medals, three of which were gold). Northern European countries occupy the following ranks: Finland is fourth (mainly thanks to the three gold medals of cross-country skier Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen),  Sweden fifth, and  Norway sixth. The host country is 14th with a silver medal. This is the first time that  Yugoslavia won a medal at the Olympic Winter Games. Austria which finished fourth in 1980, is 17th with a bronze medal, Austria's worst result since the start of the Winter Games in 1924.


1984 Winter Olympics, Medal count, Individual athletes
Seven athletes win at least two gold medals at these Games. The Finnish cross-country skier Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen finishes first with three gold medals and one bronze. She is followed by East Germany Karin Enke, who wins two gold and two silver in speed skating, and Swedish cross-country skier Gunde Svan who also wins four medals (two gold, one silver and one bronze).


1984 Winter Olympics, Participants, Participating nations
A then record of 49 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) entered 1,272 athletes in the Sarajevo Games. This was a large increase from the 1,072 athletes from 37 countries in the 1980 Winter Games. All the countries present at Lake Placid in 1980 are once again participating in Sarajevo. The  British Virgin Islands,  Egypt,  Monaco,  Puerto Rico and  Senegal participate in their first Winter games. Chile,  North Korea,  Morocco,  Mexico,  San Marino, Taiwan and  Turkey, absent in 1980, returned in 1984.


1984 Winter Olympics, Participants, Participating nations
The People's Republic of China ended its boycott of the Olympic Games over the controversy regarding the IOC's recognition of the Republic of China. The Republic of China (Taiwan) then competed as Chinese Taipei for the first time.


1984 Winter Olympics, Reactions and fallout, Reactions
The Sarajevo Games were considered a success for their time. The trails were well maintained despite the bad weather conditions, the security services were discreet and the transport system worked well. In addition, the atmosphere is more festive than in previous Games and the competition leaves no debt.


1984 Winter Olympics, Reactions and fallout, Fallout
The Olympic Games have a positive impact on Sarajevo. The expansion of the airport, the renovation of the station and the construction of hotels and restaurants increase the quality of life in the city. The Olympic Village becomes a residential area and new sports venues accelerate the development of winter sports in Yugoslavia. After the Games, the Sarajevo track hosts several events of the Bobsleigh World Cup.


1984 Winter Olympics, Reactions and fallout, Fallout
The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the siege of Sarajevo, not foreseen at the time of the Games, lasted from 1992 to 1995. The conflict left tens of thousands of victims and severely damaged Sarajevo and Olympic venues. The Koševo stadium was renovated in 1998, the Zetra hall was rebuilt in 1999 with the support of the IOC and the alpine ski resorts are again in operation. However, the bobsleigh and toboggan run and the ski jumping hills are abandoned.


1984 Winter Olympics, Reactions and fallout, Fallout
In 2001, the city of Sarajevo considered a bid for the organization of the 2010 Winter Olympics to revive the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina and accelerate the reunification of the country, divided between different ethnic groups. However, the candidacy was not considered by the IOC Executive Board. The 2017 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival which was to take place in Sarajevo (some events were to be held on the sites used in 1984) was finally held in Győr in Hungary but the city hosted the2019 European Youth Olympic Winter Festival.


1984 Winter Olympics medal table
The 1984 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIV Olympic Winter Games, was a winter multi-sport event held in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia, from 8 to 19 February 1984. A total of 1,272 athletes representing 49 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in 39 events from 10 different sports and disciplines. First time NOCs to enter were Egypt, Monaco, Puerto Rico, Senegal, and British Virgin Islands.


1984 Winter Olympics medal table
Seventeen NOCs won at least one medal and, among these, eleven secured at least one gold medal. For the first time since its debut at the 1968 Winter Olympics, East Germany topped the gold medal count with nine, three more than the Soviet Union, which had led this count in the past three Games. The Soviet delegation won the most overall medals (25), including the most silvers (10) and bronzes (9). The host nation, Yugoslavia, collected its first-ever medal at the Winter Olympics: a silver by alpine skier Jure Franko in the men's giant slalom. This was the third time that the Winter Olympics host team failed to win a gold medal, after France in 1924 and Switzerland in 1928.


1984 Winter Olympics medal table
Austrian athletes secured a single medal—a bronze in men's alpine skiing downhill—in what is the nation's worst ever result at the Winter Games. In contrast, Czechoslovakia and Finland's performances in Sarajevo were historical bests, after collecting a total of six and thirteen medals, respectively. Finnish cross-country skier Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen was responsible for three of her NOC's four gold medals with a sweep of victories in the women's individual events, and contributed to the bronze in the team relay event.


1984 Winter Olympics medal table
These Games also witnessed the best result by a Canadian team since the 1960 Winter Olympics, thanks mostly to the achievements of speed skater Gaétan Boucher. His wins in the men's 1,000 and 1,500 metres, and a third place in the 500 metres, earned Canada's two gold medals and three of its four medals. Sweden secured four golds for the first time since St. Moritz 1948, of which three were obtained by cross-country skiers Gunde Svan and Thomas Wassberg.


1984 Winter Olympics medal table
Svan and Wassberg won the men's 15 km and 50 km, respectively, and also clinched the first place in the team relay. Svan was also awarded with a silver and bronze medals, thus contributing half of his NOC's medal tally. For the third consecutive Winter Olympics, Great Britain's sole medal was a gold at a figure skating event, this time in ice dancing by Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean, who received the first-ever set of perfect scores in their free program routine.


1984 Winter Olympics medal table, Medal table
The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won, where nation is an entity represented by a National Olympic Committee (NOC). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically.


1984 Winter Olympics national flag bearers
During the Parade of Nations section of the 1984 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from the participating countries marched into the arena. Each delegation was led by a flag bearer and a sign with the name of the country on it. The Parade of Nations was organized in Serbo-Croatian, the official language in Yugoslavia. As tradition dictates, Greece led the parade and Yugoslavia was the last to march to the stadium as the host nation. Two nations were unable to march with their respective national flags, namely British Virgin Islands and Chinese Taipei.


1984 Winter Olympics national flag bearers
While Chinese Taipei was unable to use their flag and the name "Republic of China" due to participation of People's Republic of China, British Virgin Islands team was forced to use a replacement flag. The replacement flag is a white-colored cloth with the words “B. Djevičanska Ostrva” in blue color and the Olympic Rings on it. The organizers were unable to create the flag and created the replacement flag for the opening ceremony.


1984 Winter Olympics torch relay
The 1984 Winter Olympics torch relay was run from 29 January 1984 until 8 February 1984 prior to the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. The route covered around 5,289 kilometres (3,286 mi) and involved over 1,600 torchbearers. Sanda Dubravčić lit the cauldron at the opening ceremony.


1984 Winter Paralympics
The 1984 Winter Paralympic Games (German: Paralympische Winterspiele 1984) were the third Winter Paralympics. They were held from 14 to 20 January 1984 in Innsbruck, Austria. They were the first Winter Games organized by the International Co-ordinating Committee (ICC), which was formed on 15 March 1982, in Leysin, Switzerland. These Games were accessible for all athletes with cerebral palsy. Three sports were contested: alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, and ice sledge speed racing. The most successful athlete was German alpine skier Reinhild Moeller, who won 3 gold medals and 1 silver medal.


1984 Winter Paralympics
The Games, then known as the 3rd World Winter Games for the Disabled, were fully sanctioned by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). (The regular 1984 Winter Olympics were held in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. For the first time, an exhibition event was held at the Olympic Winter Games there and 30 male three-track skiers took part in the Giant Slalom event in Sarajevo.)


1984 Winter Paralympics, Medal table
The top 10 NPCs by number of gold medals are listed below. The host nation (Austria) is highlighted.


1984 Winter Paralympics, Participating nations
Twenty one nations participated in the 1984 Winter Paralympics. Netherlands and Spain made their debut appearances. Belgium and Poland returned to the Winter Games after missing out in the 1980 Winter Paralympics.


1984 Winter Paralympics medal table
The 1984 Winter Paralympics medal table is a list of National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) ranked by the number of gold medals won by their athletes during the 1984 Winter Paralympics, held in Innsbruck, Austria, from January 14 to January 20, 1984.


1984 Winter Paralympics medal table, Medal table
The ranking in this table is based on information provided by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and is consistent with IPC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a "nation" is an entity represented by a National Paralympic Committee). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by IPC country code.


1984 Winter Paralympics medal table, Medal table
To sort this table by nation, total medal count, or any other column, click on the  icon next to the column title.


1984 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 1984 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election took place on 3 May 1984 to elect members of Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council in England. This election was held on the same day as other local elections.


1984 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election, Notes
• italics denote the sitting councillor • bold denotes the winning candidate


1984 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The 1984 Wisconsin Badgers football team represented the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the 1984 Big Ten Conference football season.


1984 Wolverhampton Metropolitan Borough Council election
The Council elections held in Wolverhampton on Thursday 3 May 1984 were one third, and 20 of the 60 seats were up for election.


1984 Wolverhampton Metropolitan Borough Council election
During the 1984 election the Conservatives gained the Bushbury seat from Labour whilst Labour gained the Wednesfield South, Oxley and Fallings Park seats from the Conservatives, the SDP/Liberal Alliance gained a Council seat beating Labour in Spring Vale.


1984 Wolverhampton Metropolitan Borough Council election
Prior to the election the constitution of the Council was:


1984 Women's British Open Squash Championship
The 1984 Hi-Tec Women's British Open Squash Championships was held at the Wembley Squash Centre in London from 4–10 April 1984. Susan Devoy won her first title defeating Lisa Opie in the final.


1984 Women's British Open Squash Championship, Seeds
Rhonda Thorne (2)  Susan Devoy (3/4)  Martine Le Moignan (3/4)  Angela Smith (5/8)   Alison Cumings (5/8)  Robyn Blackwood (5/8)  Sue Cogswell (5/8)  Jan Miller (9/16)  Jayne Ashton (9/16)  Carin Clonda (9/16)  Ruth Strauss (9/16)  Heather Wallace (9/16)  Rae Anderson (9/16)  Renee Aucamp (9/16)


1984 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship
The 1984 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship was the inaugural edition of the Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship, the quadrennial international women's field hockey championship of Europe organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held in Lille, France from 3 to 13 May 1984.


1984 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship
The Netherlands won the first-ever European Championship by defeating the Soviet Union 2–0 in the final. West Germany won the bronze medal by defeating England 1–0.


1984 Women's Grand Prix (snooker)
The 1984 Women's Grand Prix was a women's snooker competition that took place in five venues from 13 February to 2 June 1984, organised by the World Ladies Billiards and Snooker Association and Ladies Snooker International, and sponsored by National Express. The format was for sixteen players to take part in a knockout tournament at each of the venues. The first of the stages, at Abertillery, was televised by HTV. The results from all five events were compiled to produce an overall winner.


1984 Women's Grand Prix (snooker)
For each knockout event, the winning player was awarded 15 points, the runner-up 12 points, third placed 10 points, fourth: 8 points, fifth: 6 points, sixth: 5 points, seventh: 2 points and eighth: 1 point. Mandy Fisher, who won two of the events and was runner-up in two others, was the overall champion, and received £5,000 in addition to her prize money from each event. She also compiled a new highest break by a woman in competition, compiling a 62 in her match against Grace Nakamura at Basingstoke. The later events attracted only small audiences, and the competition was not repeated.


1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship
The 1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship was a 1984 edition of the World Women's Snooker Championship, first held in 1976, and was played at the Breaks Snooker Sporting Club, Coventry, from 6 to 7 October. The tournament was won by Stacey Hillyard, aged 15, who defeated Natalie Stelmach 4–1 in the final.


1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship, Overview
Following the 1983 Women's World Snooker Championship, the promotional company Ladies Snooker International, which was controlled by some of the same personnel involved in the World Ladies Billiards and Snooker Association (WLBSA), announced the initiation of a professional division for women's snooker, which later included the 1984 Women's Grand Prix, but not a world professional championship.


1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship, Overview
The 1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship, organised by the WLBSA, had 64 entrants and was sponsored by First Leisure and Bass Mitchells and Butlers, with a prize fund of £3,000. The top sixteen seeds joined the draw at the last 32 stage. First round matches were the best-of-three frames, and the other rounds before the quarter-finals were the best-of-five frames, these being played on 6 October. Matches from the quarter-finals onwards were the best-of-seven frames, and were played on 7 October.


1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship, Overview
The top seed, Allison Fisher, aged 16, took a 2–0 lead in her semi-final against Hillyard, aged 15, but lost the third frame on the black. Fisher won the next to lead 3–1, before Hillyard levelled the match at 3–3 and followed this by winning the deciding frame of the pink. Hillyard took a 2–0 lead against Stelmach in the final, and after losing the third frame, went on to win 4–1 and take the title and win £1,000 in prize money.


1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship, Overview
Hillyard also compiled the highest break of the event, 48, for which she earnt a further £100.


1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship, Overview, Prize fund
There was a total prize fund of £3,000. The breakdown of prize money for the event is shown below:


1984 Women's World Amateur Snooker Championship, Main Draw
The numbers in parentheses beside some of the players are their seeding ranks where known, while players in bold denote match winners.


1984 World 600
The 1984 World 600, the 25th running of the event, was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that took place on May 27, 1984. A souvenir program from this race cost $4 ($9.96 when adjusted for inflation).


1984 World 600, Background
Charlotte Motor Speedway was designed and built by Bruton Smith and partner and driver Curtis Turner in 1959. The first World 600 NASCAR race was held at the 1.5 mi (2.4 km) speedway on June 19, 1960. On December 8, 1961, the speedway filed bankruptcy notice. Judge J.B. Craven of US District Court for Western North Carolina reorganized it under Chapter 10 of the Bankruptcy Act; Judge Craven appointed Robert "Red" Robinson as the track's trustee until March 1962. At that point, a committee of major stockholders in the speedway was assembled, headed by A.C. Goines and furniture store owner Richard Howard. Goines, Howard, and Robinson worked to secure loans and other monies to keep the speedway afloat.


1984 World 600, Background
By April 1963 some $750,000 was paid to twenty secured creditors and the track emerged from bankruptcy; Judge Craven appointed Goines as speedway president and Howard as assistant general manager of the speedway, handling its day-to-day operations. By 1964 Howard become the track's general manager, and on June 1, 1967, the speedway's mortgage was paid in full; a public burning of the mortgage was held at the speedway two weeks later.


1984 World 600, Background
Smith departed from the speedway in 1962 to pursue other business interests, primarily in banking and auto dealerships from his new home of Rockford, IL. He became quite successful and began buying out shares of stock in the speedway. By 1974 Smith was more heavily involved in the speedway, to where Richard Howard by 1975 stated, "I haven't been running the speedway. It's being run from Illinois." In 1975  Smith had become the majority stockholder, regaining control of its day-to-day operations. Smith hired H.A. "Humpy" Wheeler as general manager in October 1975, and on January 29, 1976, Richard Howard resigned as president and GM of the speedway.


1984 World 600, Race report
The actor Burt Young (Paulie from the popular Rocky film series) was the official starter. There were 42 drivers on the grid; Benny Parsons received the last-place finish due to an ignition issue on the sixth lap out of the 400. Racing legend David Pearson was the lowest earner in this race, making $800 for his ninth-place finish. The next lowest earner was Doug Heveron, who was paid $1,275 for being 248 laps behind in 40th.


1984 World 600, Race report
Trevor Boys was the only driver not American-born. Notable drivers that competed included: Terry Labonte, Sterling Marlin, Bill Elliott, Darrell Waltrip, Cale Yarborough, and Rusty Wallace. Harry Gant would earn the pole position for this race with a speed of 162.496 miles per hour (261.512 km/h). Nearly 150000 fans would see Bobby Allison defeat Dale Earnhardt after five caution periods; marking the last win for the G-body Buick Regal in a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race. The entire race lasted more than four and a half hours. Twenty-two different changes in the first-place position were observed during the race.


1984 World 600, Race report
There was rain between lap 248 and 256 which was caused by a cold front which attempted to simmer down the very hot temperatures during the race; it subsided until lap 281. There WERE officially 48 caution laps during the race; with most of them being caused by accidents and engine failures caused by the constant pressures of high-speed racing.


1984 World 600, Race report
Kyle Petty and his father Richard also competed at this race. The younger Petty charged from 41st starting position to seventh in the races first 100 miles but dropped out on lap 193 due to a blown engine. Senator Jesse Helms was a genuine fan of Richard Petty and had the opportunity to meet him during the event.


1984 World 600, Race report
Allison would end up in a slump and not win another race until the 1986 Winston 500 at Alabama International Motor Speedway in Talladega, Alabama.


1984 World Allround Speed Skating Championships
The World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Men took place on 25 and 26 February 1984 in Gothenborg at the Ullevi ice rink.


1984 World Allround Speed Skating Championships for women
The 45th edition of the World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Women took place on 28 and 29 January 1984 in Deventer at the IJsselstadion ice rink.


1984 World Badminton Grand Prix Finals
The 1984 World Badminton Grand Prix was the second edition of the World Badminton Grand Prix finals. It was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from December 12 to December 16, 1984.


1984 World Championship Tennis Finals
The 1984 World Championship Tennis Finals, also known by its sponsored name Buick WCT Finals, was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 14th edition of the WCT Finals and was part of the 1984 World Championship Tennis circuit. It was played at the Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas in the United States and was held from April 24 through April 30, 1984. First-seeded and defending champion John McEnroe won the title and the accompanying $150,000 first-prize money. It was his fourth WCT Finals title, a record, and his sixth successive final.


1984 World Championship Tennis Finals – Singles
First-seeded John McEnroe was the defending champion and won in the final, which lasted 1h39,  against Jimmy Connors in straight sets 6–1, 6–2, 6–3 .


1984 World Championship Tennis Finals – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1984 World Championship Tennis circuit
The 1984 World Championship Tennis circuit was one of the two rival professional male tennis circuits of 1984. It was organized by World Championship Tennis (WCT). The WCT circuit withdrew from the Grand Prix circuit in 1982 and established its own full calendar season consisting of 20 tournaments. For the 1983 season the WCT circuit was downsized to eight tournaments and ran from January to May. The circuit was again downsized for the 1984 season to five tournaments and the best twelve competitors played at the WCT Finals in Dallas. This was the final year of the WCT as a separate tennis circuit.


1984 World Cup (men's golf)
The 1984 World Cup took place 14–18 November at the Olgiata Golf Club, located 15 miles north of Rome, Italy. It was the 31st World Cup event. The tournament was a stroke play team event with 33 teams and was shortened from 72 holes to 54 holes, since the first day of play was cancelled, two hours after it started, due to heavy rain. Each team consisted of two players from a country. The combined score of each team determined the team results.


1984 World Cup (men's golf)
The Spain team of José María Cañizares and José Rivero won by eight strokes over the  Taiwan team of  Chen Tse-chung and Hsieh Min-nan. It was the fourth Spanish victory in the last eight World Cup tournaments. The individual competition for The International Trophy, was won by Cañizares two strokes ahead of Gordon Brand Jnr, Scotland. Three players also competed as individuals: Roberto De Vicenzo of Argentina, Mohamed Said Moussa of Egypt, and John Jacobs of the United States.


1984 World Doubles Championship
The 1984 Hofmeister World Doubles was the second staging of the doubles snooker tournament. It was played at the Derngate in Northampton and held between 5 and 16 December 1984 with the tournament televised on ITV.


1984 World Doubles Championship
Defending champions Steve Davis and Tony Meo chances for a third title ended by the teaming of Alex Higgins and Jimmy White in the semi-final by 6–9 and Higgins and White went on to beat Cliff Thorburn and Willie Thorne 10–2 in the final. The highest break of the tournament did not go to the champions but to David Taylor and Mike Hallett with a combined break of 200.


1984 World Doubles Championship, Selected early results
Played at the Derngate, Northampton before the TV coverage began with the last 16 on 8 December.


1984 World Field Archery Championships
The 1984 World Field Archery Championships were held in Hyvinkää, Finland.


1984 World Figure Skating Championships
The 1984 World Figure Skating Championships were held at the Ottawa Civic Centre in Ottawa, Canada from March 20 to 25. At the event, sanctioned by the International Skating Union, medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.


1984 World Figure Skating Championships
The ISU Representative was Olaf Poulsen (Norway), and the ISU Technical Delegate was Elemér Terták (Hungary).


1984 World Figure Skating Championships, Results, Pairs
Olympic champions Valova / Vasiliev led after the short program, followed by Underhill / Martini and Selezneva / Makarov. Underhill / Martini placed first in the free skating and won Canada's first world figure skating title since Karen Magnussen in 1973.


1984 World Figure Skating Championships, Results, Pairs
Two pairs withdrew before the free skating – Massari / Azzola, due to Massari's recurring knee problem, and Watson / Lancon, due to Lancon's back injury from a fall in the short program.


1984 World Indoor Bowls Championship
The 1984 Embassy World Indoor Bowls Championship  was held at the Coatbridge indoor bowling club, North Lanarkshire, Scotland, from 7–12 February 1984. Jim Baker won the title beating Nigel Smith in the final 21-18.


1984 World Judo Championships
The 1984 World Judo Championships were the 3rd edition of the Women's World Judo Championships, and were held in Vienna, Austria from 10–11 November, 1984.


1984 World Junior Curling Championships
The 1984 World Junior Curling Championships were held from March 11 to 17 at the Cornwall Civic Complex in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. The tournament only consisted of a men's event.


1984 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 1984 World Junior Figure Skating Championships were held on December 5–11, 1983 in Sapporo, Japan. Commonly called "World Juniors" and "Junior Worlds", the event determined the World Junior champions in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The regular senior-level NHK Trophy competition was not held that year, the World Junior Championships being held in its stead.


1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (1984 WJHC) was the eighth edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship. It was held from December 25, 1983, to January 3, 1984, in Norrköping and Nyköping, Sweden. The Soviet Union won its second consecutive gold medal and sixth overall. Finland won silver and Czechoslovakia bronze.


1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, Pool A
The 1984 tournament was a round-robin format, with the top three teams winning gold, silver and bronze medals respectively.


1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, Pool A, Final standings
Switzerland was relegated to Pool B for the 1985 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.


1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, Pool B
The second tier was contested from March 19–25, in Caen, France. Eight teams were divided into two round robin groups where the top two, and bottom two, graduated to meet their respective opponents in a final round robin. Results between competitors who migrated together were carried forward.


1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, Pool C
This year, Pool C used the same format as Pool B. It was played in Varese Italy from March 25 to 31. Seven countries participated along with a second Italian team that received no official ranking. British and Spanish junior teams made their debut this year.


1984 World Karate Championships
The 1984 World Karate Championships are the 7th edition of the World Karate Championships. They were held in Maastricht, Netherlands from November 21 to November 25, 1984.


1984 World Outdoor Bowls Championship
The 1984 Men's World Outdoor Bowls Championship was held at Westburn Park in Aberdeen, Scotland, from 11–28 July 1984. Peter Belliss won the singles defeating Willie Wood in the final. Wood qualified for the final because he finished with a seven shot advantage in Section A over David Bryant despite identical records of winning nine rounds each. United States won the Pairs, Ireland won the Triples and England won the Fours. The Leonard Trophy went to Scotland.


1984 World Outdoor Bowls Championship, Results, Men's Singles - Round Robin
Bronze Medal MatchBryant beat Williams 21-14Gold Medal MatchBelliss beat Wood 21-20


1984 World Outdoor Bowls Championship, Results, Men's Pairs - Round Robin
Bronze Medal MatchAustralia beat Ireland 26-14Gold Medal MatchUnited States beat England 21-20


1984 World Outdoor Bowls Championship, Results, Men's Triples - Round Robin
Bronze Medal MatchNew Zealand beat Hong Kong 27-8Gold Medal MatchIreland beat Scotland 29-11


1984 World Outdoor Bowls Championship, Results, Men's Fours - Round Robin
Bronze Medal MatchScotland beat Hong Kong 30-15Gold Medal MatchEngland beat New Zealand 18-17


1984 World Rally Championship
The 1984 World Rally Championship was the 12th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) World Rally Championship (WRC). The season consisted of 12 rallies following the same schedule as the previous season. Stig Blomqvist beat the defending world champion and Audi teammate Hannu Mikkola to the drivers' title. Audi took their second manufacturers' title, ahead of Lancia and the debuting Peugeot.


1984 World Rally Championship, Summary
German team Audi Sport put together four of the top drivers in the world, with the defending world champion Hannu Mikkola returning to the team along with Stig Blomqvist. Michèle Mouton had a part-time contract and two-time champion Walter Röhrl was added from Martini Racing. Lancia Martini kept Markku Alén as their primary driver for the season and also featured Miki Biasion and Attilio Bettega. Lancia boss Cesare Fiorio had also signed Henri Toivonen from Porsche, stating that "Audi will have four top drivers next year so it would be very difficult competing with only two."


1984 World Rally Championship, Summary
Blomqvist and Mikkola dominated the season in the Audi Quattro A2, with Blomqvist proving the best with five rally wins. Audi established an early lead, winning six of the first eight events, including sweeping the podium at the first two rallies. Mikkola had to settle for second overall despite a consistently strong season in which he took eight podium finishes. Alén was only able to reach third place, only capturing a single rally win in his Lancia Rally 037.


1984 World Rally Championship, Summary
Late in the season, Ari Vatanen returned to the world rally scene in a Peugeot 205 T16, winning three of the final four rallies and reaching fourth place in the overall standings. His performance showed that Peugeot Sport, headed by Jean Todt, had a winner that could beat the Audi, which they would do in the coming years of Group B dominance.


1984 World Rally Championship, Summary
As with previous seasons, while all twelve events were calculated for tallying the drivers' scores, only ten of the events applied to the championship for manufacturers. The two events in 1984 which applied only to driver standings were the Swedish Rally and the Rallye Côte d'Ivoire.


1984 World Rowing Championships
The 1984 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held on 26 August 1984 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Since 1984 was an Olympic year for rowing, the World Championships did not include Olympic events scheduled for the 1984 Summer Olympics.


1984 World Sambo Championships
The 1984 World Sambo Championships were held in Madrid, Spain on June 1984. Championships were organized by FILA. According to certain sources, women also competed at the event.


1984 World Series
The 1984 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 1984 season. The 81st edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff played between the American League (AL) champion Detroit Tigers and the National League (NL) champion San Diego Padres. The Tigers won the series, four games to one. This was the city of Detroit's first sports championship since the Tigers themselves won the 1968 World Series.


1984 World Series
This was the first World Series that Peter Ueberroth presided over as commissioner. Ueberroth began his tenure on October 1, succeeding Bowie Kuhn. Ueberroth had been elected as Kuhn's successor prior to the 1984 season, but did not take over until the postseason as he was serving as the chairman of the 1984 Summer Olympics, which ran from July 28 through August 12.


1984 World Series
This was the last World Series in which the designated hitter was used for games played in a NL team's ballpark in the World Series (as in even-numbered years, the DH would be used in all games, which was first instituted in 1976). The next World Series did not use the DH (as odd-numbered years saw the DH rule not in force for the World Series). Starting in 1986, the DH would only be used in games played at the AL representative's park.


1984 World Series, Background
The San Diego Padres won the National League West division by 12 games over both the Atlanta Braves and the Houston Astros, then defeated the Chicago Cubs, three games to two, in the National League Championship Series. The Detroit Tigers won the American League East division by 15 games over the Toronto Blue Jays, then swept the Kansas City Royals, three games to none, in the American League Championship Series.


1984 World Series, Background
The World Series was scheduled to start in the National League park. But Major League Baseball actually had a contingency plan to change things and start the World Series in the American League park in the event that the Cubs won the NLCS. This would have allowed the Wrigley Field (i.e. daytime) games to be over the weekend such that the only lost prime time game would have been on Friday, October 12.


1984 World Series, Background
The 1984 World Series was a rematch between managers Sparky Anderson (Detroit) and Dick Williams (San Diego). The two had previously faced off in the 1972 World Series, with Anderson managing the Cincinnati Reds and Williams helming the victorious Oakland Athletics. The 1984 Series was Anderson's fifth overall as a manager—in addition to the 1972 Fall Classic, he had also managed the Reds during the 1970 World Series (which they lost to the Baltimore Orioles) and served as skipper during Cincinnati's back-to-back world championships in 1975 and 1976.


1984 World Series, Background
Anderson's counterpart, Williams, was managing in his fourth World Series; he had headed the Boston Red Sox during the 1967 "Impossible Dream" season, when they won their first pennant in 21 years in a tight race over the Tigers, Minnesota Twins, and Chicago White Sox. After his Athletics won the 1972 World Series, Williams again led them to victory in the 1973 Series over the New York Mets.


1984 World Series, Background
Prior to 1984, only three managers (Joe McCarthy, Al Dark and Yogi Berra) had won pennants in both leagues. Nobody had ever won World Series as a manager in both leagues, thus ensuring that the winning manager of the 1984 Series would be the first to do so.


1984 World Series, Background
The 1984 World Series was also a battle of sorts between the multimillion-dollar American fast food chains. Domino's Pizza founder Tom Monaghan owned the Tigers while McDonald's founder Ray Kroc, who died several months before the 1984 World Series, owned the Padres. The series was informally known as the "Fast Food Fall Classic". It would feature the first World Series game at Jack Murphy Stadium (Game 1) and the final World Series game at Tiger Stadium (Game 5).


1984 World Series, Background, Detroit Tigers
By May 24, 1984, the Detroit Tigers had just won their ninth straight game with Jack Morris on the mound winning his ninth game of the season. The Tigers record stood at 35–5, a major league record. In the next three games they would get swept by the Seattle Mariners and settle down to play .500 ball over the next 40 games. But in the end, they would wind up with a franchise record 104 wins and become only the third team in MLB history to lead the league wire-to-wire.


1984 World Series, Background, Detroit Tigers
These Tigers were strong up the middle featuring all-stars at each middle position with catcher Lance Parrish setting a career high in home runs with 33, the record-setting tandem of Lou Whitaker at second base and Alan Trammell at shortstop (they played together from 1977–95) and solid center-fielder Chet Lemon. In addition to Morris, the pitching staff was anchored by starters Dan Petry and Milt Wilcox, with eventual Cy Young Award and Most Valuable Player winner, Willie Hernández (9–3, 1.92 ERA, 32 saves), closing.


1984 World Series, Background, Detroit Tigers
The Detroit Tigers signed ageless wonder free-agent Darrell Evans (their first free-agent signing since Tito Fuentes in 1977) prior to the season, and acquired first baseman Dave Bergman in a trade with the Philadelphia Phillies that also brought them the aforementioned Hernández. Bergman would settle in as the Tigers' everyday first baseman providing steady glove-work. And of course there was "Mr. Clutch", right-fielder Kirk Gibson, who had a break-out year with 27 home runs, 29 stolen bases, 91 RBIs, and a .282 batting average.


1984 World Series, Background, Detroit Tigers
After winning two World Championships with the 1975–76 Cincinnati Reds, manager Sparky Anderson was primed to win his first in the American League in his fifth full season with the Detroit Tigers. Anderson had proved to be somewhat prophetic, as he had made a bold statement in mid-1979 when he joined the Tigers that his team would be a pennant winner within five years.


1984 World Series, Background, San Diego Padres
Williams was in his third season with the San Diego Padres after leading them to identical 81–81 (.500) records in 1982 and 1983. 1984 would mark only the second time in Padre history that the team would finish over .500, the other being an 84–78 record in 1978. With the Padres' NL pennant in 1984, Williams became the second manager to take three teams to the World Series (he had previously taken the 1967 Red Sox and the 1972 and 1973 Athletics to the Fall Classic).


1984 World Series, Background, San Diego Padres
The Padres set a franchise record for victories with 92 in 1984, being led by two veterans, first baseman Steve Garvey and third baseman Graig Nettles. Statistically, this team was not overwhelming, with Nettles and Kevin McReynolds leading the team with just 20 home runs. (The team eventually would lose McReynolds in Game 4 of the NLCS due to a broken wrist.) No player came close to 100 RBIs (Garvey, 86) or had over 30 doubles in the regular season, although Tony Gwynn won the first of his eight National League batting titles by hitting for a .351 average with 213 hits.


1984 World Series, Background, San Diego Padres
The pitching staff was average—a staff of twentysomethings and a 33-year-old closer, Goose Gossage (10–6, 25 SVs), who was signed as a free agent from the New York Yankees. Eric Show led the staff with 15 wins with Ed Whitson and lefty Mark Thurmond having identical 14–8 records. But the sterling bullpen, headed by Gossage and Craig "Lefty" Lefferts, held the staff together enough to take this team to the "Big Show" although they would falter and get ripped by the Tiger bats losing the Series in five games.


1984 World Series, Background, San Diego Padres
To get to the Series, the Padres had to overcome a two-games-to-none deficit against the Chicago Cubs in the NLCS, rallying to win the final three games. The 1984 Padres adopted Ray Parker Jr.'s "Ghostbusters" as their theme song (à la the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates using Sister Sledge's "We Are Family" as their theme song). During their playoff series against the Chicago Cubs, the Padre fans turned Ghostbusters into Cubbusters.


1984 World Series, Summary
AL Detroit Tigers (4) vs. NL San Diego Padres (1)


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
The Tigers struck first in Game 1 when Lou Whitaker doubled to lead off the top of the first and scored on Alan Trammell's single but their starter Jack Morris (a 19-game winner during the season) struggled in the bottom half, as he surrendered two-out singles to Steve Garvey and Graig Nettles, followed by a two-run double to Terry Kennedy. Padre starter Mark Thurmond took a 2–1 lead into the fifth, but then surrendered a crucial two-out, two-run homer to Larry Herndon.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
Nettles and Kennedy both singled to open the San Diego sixth, but Morris snuffed out their momentum by striking out the rest of the side. Kurt Bevacqua started what looked to be a comeback with a leadoff double in the seventh, but was thrown out at third while attempting to stretch the hit into a triple. Despite the close call, Morris remained focused and set down the last nine remaining Padre batters for a complete game, 3–2 victory.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
In Game 2, Lou Whitaker, Alan Trammell and Kirk Gibson hit consecutive singles to lead off the top of the first and put the Tigers up 1–0. After Gibson stole second, Trammell scored on Lance Parrish's sacrifice fly, then Darrell Evans's RBI single made it 3–0 Tigers. Padre starter Ed Whitson was pulled after just 2⁄3 innings. In the bottom of the inning, the Padres cut the lead to 3–1 on Graig Nettles's sacrifice fly, then in the fourth, Bobby Brown's RBI groundout made it 3–2 Tigers. Kurt Bevacqua then evened the series at 1–1 with a three-run home run in the fifth-inning off Dan Petry. To date, this remains the only World Series victory in Padres history. Andy Hawkins earned the win with 5+1⁄3 shutout innings while Craig Lefferts pitched a three-inning save.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
Game 2 at Jack Murphy Stadium marked the last MLB playoff game to date where the DH was used in a National League ballpark. Since then, any World Series game in an American League park uses the DH (previously, the DH was used in alternating World Series), while pitchers bat in the NL parks. The next time the DH rule was used in a National League park was during a regular season series between the Toronto Blue Jays and Philadelphia Phillies during the 2010 season.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
By the time the 1984 World Series rolled around, Tiger Stadium (built in 1912) became the oldest ballpark to ever host a World Series game. That record was eclipsed by Boston's Fenway Park (opened April 20, 1912, the same day as Tiger Stadium), which hosted in 1986, 2004, 2007 and 2013, and then by Chicago's Wrigley Field (opened in 1914), which hosted the Fall Classic in 2016 until being reclaimed by Fenway Park in 2018,


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Tim Lollar failed to make it out of the second inning as Detroit erupted for four runs. Chet Lemon singled with one out, then with two outs, Marty Castillo's home run made it 2–0 Tigers. Lou Whitaker then walked and scored on Alan Trammell's double. A walk and single loaded the bases before Greg Booker relieved Lollar and walked Larry Herndon to force in another run.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
The Padres got on the board in the third when back-to-back leadoff singles off of Milt Wilcox was followed by an RBI groundout by Steve Garvey, but in the bottom of the inning, Booker walked three to load the bases with two outs. Greg Harris in relief hit Kirk Gibson with a pitch to force in the Tigers' last run. The Padres scored their last run in the seventh on Graig Nettles's sacrifice fly with runners on second and third off of Bill Scherrer. Willie Hernández pitched 2+1⁄3 innings of one-hit relief for the save. The 5–2 victory gave the Tigers a two games-to-one series lead.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
Alan Trammell drilled a pair of two-run homers in the first and third innings to account for all of Detroit's offense as the Tigers beat Eric Show to take a three games-to-one lead in the Series. Jack Morris got his second Series victory in another complete-game effort, allowing two runs on Terry Kennedy's home run in the second and a wild pitch in the ninth to Kennedy that scored Steve Garvey, and five hits.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
For the fourth consecutive game, the Padres' starting pitcher did not make it past the third inning, as the Tigers jumped on Mark Thurmond for three runs in the first inning. Lou Whitaker singled to lead off, then Kirk Gibson homered an out later, followed by consecutive singles by Lance Parrish, Larry Herndon and Chet Lemon. The Padres got on the board in the third when Bobby Brown hit a leadoff single off of Dan Petry, moved to third on two groundouts and scored on Steve Garvey's single.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
The Padres rallied to tie the score in the fourth when with runners on second and third Brown's sacrifice fly and Alan Wiggins's RBI single scored a run each to knock Petry out of the game, but the Tigers loaded the bases in the fifth off of Andy Hawkins when Rusty Kuntz's sacrifice fly put them up 4–3. Parrish's home run in the seventh off of Rich Gossage made it 5–3 Tigers, but the Padres cut the lead back to one on Kurt Bevacqua's home run off closer Willie Hernández.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Kirk Gibson came to the plate in the bottom of the eighth for the Tigers with runners on second and third and one out. Gibson had homered earlier in the game, and Padres manager Dick Williams strolled to the mound to talk to Goose Gossage, seemingly with the purpose of ordering him to walk Gibson intentionally. Just before the at-bat, Gibson made a US$10 bet (flashing ten fingers) with his manager Sparky Anderson that Gossage (who had dominated Gibson in the past) would pitch to him.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Gossage talked Williams into letting him pitch to Gibson, and Gibson responded with a three-run blast into the upper deck to clinch the Series for the Tigers. Gibson wound up driving in five runs and scoring three, including the run that gave Detroit the lead for good when he raced home on a pop-up sacrifice fly by little-used reserve Rusty Kuntz.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
In the ninth, Willie Hernández closed out the series for the Tigers by getting Tony Gwynn to fly to Larry Herndon in left field for the final out.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
While Alan Trammell won the Sport Magazine variation of the World Series Most Valuable Player Award (the official one), Jack Morris won the Babe Ruth variation.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
After being fired by the Cincinnati Reds in 1978, Sparky Anderson was hired by the Tigers in June 1979. Anderson, who had led the Reds to Series victories in 1975 and 1976, became the first manager to win a World Championship in both the American and National Leagues.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Game 5 had a starting time of 4:45 p.m. ET, following a 1:30 p.m. start for Game 4. These were the last outdoor World Series games to start earlier than prime time in the eastern United States (Game 6 in 1987, the last daytime World Series contest, was indoors at the Metrodome in Minneapolis). In addition, no World Series has ended as early as October 14 since 1984; in fact, with the exception of Game 1 in 1989 (played on October 14), no World Series has begun earlier than October 15 since 1984.


1984 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Subsequent expansions of Major League Baseball's postseason—the best-of-five League Championship Series becoming best-of-seven affairs in 1985, the addition of wild card teams and the best-of-five Division Series in 1994, and the introduction of one-game Wild Card play-ins in 2012—have made earlier World Series calendar dates impossible, even when the regular season has ended on the last Sunday in September.


1984 World Series, Composite box
1984 World Series (4–1): Detroit Tigers (A.L.) over San Diego Padres (N.L.)


1984 World Series, Post-championship
Three players set or tied World Series hitting records for a five-game World Series during the 1984 World Series. Series MVP Alan Trammell tied a record by collecting nine total hits, while teammate Lou Whitaker tied another record by scoring six runs. The Padres' Carmelo Martinez set a record by striking out nine times. Each of these records still stands, as of 2019.


1984 World Series, Post-championship
Less than 20 years after winning the 1984 World Series Most Valuable Player Award, Alan Trammell would become manager of the Detroit Tigers.


1984 World Series, Post-championship
The Detroit Tigers would not return to the World Series until 2006, six years after Comerica Park opened, but lost to the St. Louis Cardinals in five games. However, Trammell was fired before the season began and was replaced by Jim Leyland, who won a World Series ring managing the Florida Marlins in 1997.


1984 World Series, Post-championship
This was the first of two World Series appearances for Padres outfielder and Hall of Famer Tony Gwynn. He would later lead the Padres back to the World Series in 1998, but his team was swept by the New York Yankees. 1984 teammate and backup catcher Bruce Bochy served as manager of the 1998 Padres. Bochy later managed the San Francisco Giants to three World Series championships in five seasons: 2010, 2012 (where they swept the Tigers) and 2014.


1984 World Series, Post-championship
This is the Tigers' most recent World Series championship as of 2020. Two of Detroit's other professional sports franchises have won multiple championship since: the Pistons in 1989, 1990 and 2004, and the Red Wings in 1997, 1998, 2002 and 2008.


1984 World Series, Post-championship
In 1985, the scene in which Kirk Gibson of the Detroit Tigers hits a home run is used for the musical number "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" in Kidsongs' "A Day at Old MacDonald's Farm".


1984 World Series of Poker
The 1984 World Series of Poker (WSOP) was a series of poker tournaments held at Binion's Horseshoe.


1984 World Series of Poker, Main Event
There were 132 entrants to the main event. Each paid $10,000 to enter the tournament. The 1984 Main Event was the first of three consecutive final table appearances for Jesse Alto.


1984 World Snooker Championship
The 1984 World Snooker Championship (also referred to as the 1984 Embassy World Snooker Championship for the purpose of sponsorship) was a ranking professional snooker tournament that took place between 21 April and 7 May 1984 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England. The event was organised by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association, and was the eighth consecutive World Snooker Championship to be held at the Crucible since the 1977 event. The event featured 94 participants, of which 78 players competed in a qualifying event held at the Redwood Lodge in Bristol from 1 to 13 April. Of these, 16 players qualified for the main stage in Sheffield, where they met 16 invited seeds. The total prize fund for the event was £200,000, the highest total pool for any snooker tournament at that time; the winner received £44,000.


1984 World Snooker Championship
The defending champion was English player Steve Davis, who had won the title twice previously. He met fellow-countryman Jimmy White in the final, which was played as a best-of-35-frames match. Davis took a significant lead of 12–4 after the first two sessions; although White battled back into the match, Davis eventually won 18–16, becoming the first player to retain the title at the Crucible. Rex Williams secured the championship's highest break, scoring a 138 in the 12th frame of his first-round loss to White. Eight century breaks were made during the competition, the fewest since the 1978 event. The tournament was sponsored by cigarette manufacturer Embassy, and broadcast by BBC and ITV.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Tournament format
The 1984 World Snooker Championship was a professional snooker tournament that took place between 21 April and 7 May 1984 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England. The event was the 1984 edition of the World Snooker Championship, which was first held in 1927. It was the last ranking event of the 1984–85 snooker season on the World Snooker Tour. The event was organised by World Snooker and the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (WPBSA). There were a total of 94 entrants from the tour, with one player withdrawing, and the competition's main draw had 32 participants. A three-round knockout qualifying competition with 78 players was held from 1 to 13 April, producing the 16 qualifying players who progressed into the main draw to play the top 16 seeds.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Tournament format
The top 16 players in the latest world rankings automatically qualified for the main draw as seeded players. As defending champion, Steve Davis was seeded first for the event; the remaining 15 were allocated based on world rankings for the previous season. Matches in the first round of the main draw were played as best-of-19-frames. The number of frames needed to win a match increased to 13 in the second round and quarter-finals, and 16 in the semi-finals; the final match was played as best-of-35-frames.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Tournament format
The tournament was televised on BBC and ITV in the United Kingdom. During the last session of the final, the number of viewers varied from 6.3 million (when popular soap opera Coronation Street aired on ITV) to a peak of 13.1 million in the last 15 minutes of the match. The world number five Alex Higgins provided commentary on selected matches.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Tournament format, Prize fund
The prize fund for the event was the largest for any snooker tournament to that date, at £200,000 with the winner receiving £44,000. The breakdown of prize money for the event is shown below:


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Qualifying
A 78-competitor qualifying tournament for the event was held at Redwood Lodge in Bristol, from 1 April to 14 April 1984. The players were divided into 16 groups, with matches played on a knockout basis to produce 16 qualifiers. All qualifying matches were the best-of-19-frames. Tommy Murphy made two breaks of 108 in his first round defeat of Jack Fitzmaurice, two weeks after his win over Fitzmaurice in the World Professional Billiards Championship. John Parrott progressed after winning three rounds, beating Dennis Hughes 10–3, Clive Everton 10–2 and the 1978 World Snooker Championship runner-up Perrie Mans 10–0. Neal Foulds, aged 20, the British junior snooker champion, also won three matches to make his Crucible debut, defeating Doug French 10–5, Les Dodd 10–4 and Jim Meadowcroft 10–2.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Qualifying
Eight-time former world champion Fred Davis won his match against Jim Donnelly 10–5. Canadian John Bear, was scheduled to play but did not, and Roy Andrewartha received a walkover for the match. Mike Watterson, who as promoter of the world championship from 1977 to 1983 had first selected the Crucible as the tournament venue, defeated Bernard Bennett 10–5 in the first round before losing 8–10 to Warren King. Losers in the qualifying rounds received £450. Andrewartha, Foulds, Parrott, King, Marcel Gauvreau, Joe Johnson, Paul Mifsud, Mario Morra, and Eddie Sinclair made their World Championship debuts in qualifying.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, First round
The first round took place from 21 to 26 April. The matches were contested between the seeded players and qualifiers with each played over two sessions as best-of-19 frames. David Taylor, who was trailing 3–5 to Marcel Gauvreau after their first session, won seven frames in a row to win 10–5 and gain his first ranking points of the season. Roy Andrewartha, a time and motion analyst who played professional snooker part-time, lost 4–10 to Eddie Charlton. Neal Foulds took the last three frames of their first session to lead former world champion Alex Higgins 5–3, and having the more consistent long potting in the match, won 10–9 after the scores had been level at 7–7.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, First round
Silvino Francisco defeated Tony Meo, who to that point had been the fourth-highest earner on the snooker circuit that season, 10–5. Willie Thorne defeated John Virgo for the second consecutive world championship. Virgo's defeat came at the end of a season in which he failed to win any ranking points, and he dropped out of the top 16, to 18th. Eight-time champion Fred Davis made his last appearance at the World Championships, losing 4–10 to Bill Werbeniuk in the first round. Davis had first played in the World Championship in 1937. Aged 70 years and 253 days, he became the tournament's oldest-ever player.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, First round
Many of the matches had one-sided scorelines. Dennis Taylor and Kirk Stevens both won 10–1; Terry Griffiths won 10–2; Steve Davis, John Spencer and Cliff Thorburn won 10–3; and Bill Werbeniuk, Doug Mountjoy and Eddie Charlton won 10–4. Four of the top 16 seeded players lost in the first round: Tony Knowles (fourth seed), Alex Higgins (fifth), John Virgo (fourteenth) and Tony Meo (fifteenth).


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, First round
Knowles, who had been the only player to beat Steve Davis in the World Championship in the previous three years, lost 7–10 to John Parrott. Knowles had recently featured in a three-part series in the tabloid newspaper The Sun, where he boasted of his sexual adventures and was dismissive of most other competitors in the tournament. The articles led to Knowles being fined £5,000, imposed by the WPBSA for bringing the sport into disrepute.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, First round
In the other matches, second seed Ray Reardon beat Jim Wych 10–7, and Jimmy White beat Rex Williams 10–6. Williams made the first century break of the tournament in the 12th frame, a total clearance of 138, the highest break of the tournament. In the first round, 233 frames were played out of a possible 304, with an average frame time of 22.5 minutes. The longest frame, between Cliff Thorburn and Mario Morra, took 51 minutes, whilst the shortest was 9 minutes, in the Jimmy White and Rex Williams match.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Second round
Matches in the second round were best-of-25 frames, and scheduled to each be played over three sessions taking place between 26 and 30 April. Davis took seven from eight frames and compiled breaks of 100, 95, and 92 against Spencer to win 13–5 after leading 6–4. White trailed 3–5 against Charlton at the end of the first session. White made breaks of 80, 79, 44, 61, 34, and 82 to lead 10–6 and went on to win 13–7. Griffiths beat Werbeniuk 13–5.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Second round
Dennis Taylor led Parrott 11–7, before Parrott won four frames in a row to level at 11–11. Taylor, who was the more consistent potter during the match, took the next two to win 13–11. Thorburn and Thorne contested a tight match that Thorburn won 13–11. From 9–9 against David Taylor, Stevens scored three breaks of over 50 to win the match 13–10. Neal Foulds led Doug Mountjoy 3–1 but ended up losing 6–13.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Second round
Reardon, having his least successful season in 17 years as a snooker professional, made a 109 break in the eighth frame to lead 5–3 at the end of the first session against Francisco. The score was tied at 8–8 after the second session. In the last session, Francisco was ahead, but under-hit when trying to pot the blue. This left Reardon needing one snooker rather than three; Francisco fouled, giving Reardon the additional points required. Reardon went on to win the frame on a re-spotted black after Francisco failed the pot and left the black ball over the jaws of a pocket. From 9–8, Reardon won four frames in a row to win the match 13–8.


1984 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Quarter-finals
The quarter-finals were scheduled to each be played over three sessions, on 1 and 2 May, as best-of-25-frames matches. Steve Davis won the first three frames of his match against Terry Griffiths, but Griffiths won the next five frames to lead 5–3. Griffiths then won the first frame of the second session to lead 6–3. Davis, however, pulled back to level the match at 6–6, and the second session ended tied at 8–8. Davis won five of the seven frames in the third session to win 13–10 in a highly technical and safety-oriented match.