1986 California Angels season
The regular season ended with the Angels finishing 1st in the American League West with a record of 92-70, earning the franchise's third division title. After jumping to a 3-1 series lead over the Boston Red Sox in the best-of-seven ALCS, the Angels blew a 3-run lead in the 9th inning of Game 5 that included giving up a two-out, two-strike home run to Boston's Dave Henderson (in other words, the Angels were 1 strike away from the World Series). The Angels went on to lose Game 5 in extra innings, and eventually lost the next two games and the series.


1986 California Angels season
After 1986, the Angels went into a lengthy playoff drought, not returning to the postseason until their championship season of 2002 (though they did come close in 1995). They would not win a division title again until 2004.


1986 California Angels season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1986 California Attorney General election
The 1986 California Attorney General election was held on November 4, 1986. Democratic incumbent John Van de Kamp defeated Republican nominee Bruce Gleason with 65.99% of the vote.


1986 California Bowl
The 1986 California Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game that featured the Miami Redskins and the San Jose State Spartans.


1986 California Bowl, Background
Miami was champion of the Mid-American Conference for the first time since 1977. San Jose State was champion of the Pacific Coast Athletic Association for the 5th time in 9 years.


1986 California Bowl, Game summary
Quarterback Mike Perez went 21-of-37 for 291 yards for 3 touchdowns in an MVP effort.


1986 California Bowl, Aftermath
Miami would not play in a bowl game again until 2003 while San Jose State went to two more bowl games in the next three years (1987 and 1990) before going on a 16-year bowl drought.


1986 California Golden Bears football team
The 1986 California Golden Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of California, Berkeley in the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) during the 1986 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fifth year under head coach Joe Kapp, the Golden Bears compiled a 2–9 record (2–7 against Pac-10 opponents), finished in ninth place in the Pac-10, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 325 to 145.


1986 California Golden Bears football team
The team's statistical leaders included Troy Taylor with 891 passing yards, Marc Hicks with 357 rushing yards, and James Devers with 582 receiving yards.


1986 California Proposition 60
California Proposition 60 was an amendment of the Constitution of California relating to property tax assessments for older homeowners. It was proposed by the California State Legislature and approved by voters in a referendum held on November 4, 1986.


1986 California Proposition 60
The amendment allows homeowners over the age of 55 to transfer the assessed value of their present home to a replacement home if the replacement home is located in the same county, is of equal or lesser value than the original property, and purchased or newly constructed within two years of the sale of the present property.


1986 California Proposition 63
Proposition 63 was a proposition in the state of California on the November 4, 1986 ballot. The ballot initiative created Article III, Section 6 of the California Constitution and made English the official language of the state. The measure passed by a 74% margin, (the largest margin for any proposition). [ Official State Language. Initiative Constitutional Amendment.] The amendment:


1986 California Proposition 63
provides that English is the official language of the state of California; requires the legislature to enforce this provision by appropriate legislation; charges the legislature with preserving and enhancing the role of English as the common language of the state, requiring that no law may be passed that ignores or diminishes this role; and provides for any resident or person doing business in the state to sue the state to enforce these provisions


1986 California Proposition 64
Proposition 64 was a proposition in the state of California on the November 4, 1986 ballot. It was an initiative statute that would have restored Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) to the list of communicable diseases. The measure was defeated by a margin of 71% to 29%.


1986 California Proposition 64
Activists associated with Lyndon LaRouche formed the "Prevent AIDS Now Initiative Committee" (PANIC) to place what became "Proposition 64" on the California state ballot. The initiative was written by Khushro Ghandhi. who was also the president of PANIC. Brian Lantz was vice-president and Ted Andromidas was treasurer


1986 California Proposition 64, The initiative
Proponents argued that the measures would merely return AIDS to the list of communicable diseases under the public health laws. The ballot argument in favor of the proposition were pathologist John Grauerholz, psychiatrist Nancy T. Mullan, and former Centers for Disease Control advisor Gus S. Sermos. Congressman William E. Dannemeyer was also a proponent.


1986 California Proposition 64, The initiative
Opponents characterized it as an effort to force HIV-positive individuals out of their jobs and into quarantine. Said Helen Miramontes, R.N., president of the California Nurses Association:


1986 California Proposition 64, The initiative
Health professionals believe that Proposition 64 would seriously hurt their ability to treat and find a cure for AIDS. Current medical efforts based on years of research will be undermined by the fear generated by this irrational proposition.


1986 California Proposition 64, The initiative
The ballot argument against the measure was signed by Gladden V. Elliott, president of the California Medical Association, Congressman Ed Zschau, and Senator Alan Cranston. The submitted supporting argument included claims that AIDS could be transmitted by insects, respiratory means and casual contact. These claims were challenged in a suit by California Secretary of State March Fong Eu, based on the argument that they had no scientific support.


1986 California Proposition 64, The initiative
The initiative was opposed by the Catholic Bishops of California.


1986 California Proposition 64, The initiative
In 1988, the text of Proposition 64 was re-introduced in California by the "Prevent AIDS Now In California" (also PANIC) committee and appeared on the June 1988 ballot as "Proposition 69." It was also defeated.


1986 California Proposition 64, Related controversies
The gathering of signatures to qualify the initiative was handled in part by a paid contractor. The fee was paid with a contribution by the Caucus Distributors Inc, a key part of the LaRouche movement. The political consultant who was hired by the LaRouche organization to collect signatures for the PANIC initiative was convicted of fraud in October 1988. The consultant, Stanley I. Dale, used out-of-state signature-collectors and claimed they were California residents. March Fong Eu, Secretary of State of California, notified the committee that her office had received numerous complaints of harassment by signature gatherers, including "outrageous verbal abuse for mere failure to sign petitions". She warned them that further complaints would result in legal action.


1986 California Proposition 64, Related controversies
LaRouche activists accused official agencies such as the Centers for Disease Control of "criminal malfeasance" for refusing to back measures such as mandatory testing.


1986 California Proposition 65
Proposition 65 (formally titled The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986) is a California law passed by direct voter initiative in 1986 by a 63%–37% vote. Its goals are to protect drinking water sources from toxic substances that cause cancer and birth defects and to reduce or eliminate exposures to those chemicals generally, such as consumer products, by requiring warnings in advance of those exposures.


1986 California Proposition 65, Introduction
Proposition 65 is administered by Cal/EPA's California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). Proposition 65 regulates substances officially listed by California as causing cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm, in two ways. The first statutory requirement of Proposition 65 prohibits businesses from knowingly discharging listed substances into drinking water sources, or onto land where the substances can pass into drinking water sources. The second prohibits businesses from knowingly exposing individuals to listed substances without providing a clear and reasonable warning. The requirements apply to amounts above what would present a 1-in-100,000 risk of cancer assuming lifetime exposure (for carcinogens), or above one-one-thousandth (1/1000) of the no observable effect level (for reproductive toxins).


1986 California Proposition 65, Introduction
An official list of substances covered by Proposition 65 is maintained and made publicly available. Chemicals are added to or removed from the official list based on California's analysis of current scientific information. All substances listed show their known risk factors, a unique CAS chemical classification number, the date they were listed, and, if so, whether they have been delisted.


1986 California Proposition 65, Introduction
Proposition 65 has been highly successful in reducing exposures to known toxic chemicals, especially in consumer products, and its successes illustrate gaps in the effectiveness of federal toxics laws (see Accomplishments below). It remains politically controversial even after more than 30 years (see Controversy and claimed abuse below), in large part because business objects to Proposition 65's burden of proof , which in effect requires businesses to know the scientific safety level for specific cancer- and birth defect-causing chemicals that those businesses are intentionally exposing members of the public to, unless government has already set those levels.


1986 California Proposition 65, Introduction
According to the California Environmental Protection Agency, "Proposition 65 has... increased public awareness about the adverse effects of exposures to listed chemicals.... [ and] provided an incentive for manufacturers to remove listed chemicals from their products.... Although Proposition 65 has benefited Californians, it has come at a cost for companies doing business in the state."


1986 California Proposition 65, Rationale and enumerated rights
In addition to amending the California Health and Safety Code, Proposition 65 contained the following language in the 1986 ballot initiative:


1986 California Proposition 65, Rationale and enumerated rights
SECTION 1. The people of California find that hazardous chemicals pose a serious potential threat to their health and well-being, that state government agencies have failed to provide them with adequate protection, and that these failures have been serious enough to lead to investigations by federal agencies of the administration of California's toxic protection programs. The people therefore declare their rights:(a) To protect themselves and the water they drink against chemicals that cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm. (b) To be informed about exposures to chemicals that cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm. (c) To secure strict enforcement of the laws controlling hazardous chemicals and deter actions that threaten public health and safety. (d) To shift the cost of hazardous waste cleanups more onto offenders and less onto law-abiding citizens.


1986 California Proposition 65, Rationale and enumerated rights
The people hereby enact the provisions of this initiative in furtherance of their rights.


1986 California Proposition 65, Rationale and enumerated rights
The Legislature's 2003 amendments to Proposition 65 contained the statement that the changes "further the purposes of the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986."


1986 California Proposition 65, Enforcement
Enforcement is carried out through civil lawsuits against Proposition 65 violators. These lawsuits may be brought by the California Attorney General, any district attorney, or certain city attorneys (those in cities with a population exceeding 750,000). Lawsuits may also be brought by private parties "acting in the public interest," but only after providing notice of the alleged violation to the Attorney General, the appropriate district attorney and city attorney, and the business accused of the violation.


1986 California Proposition 65, Enforcement
A Proposition 65 Notice of Violation must provide adequate information to allow the recipient to assess the nature of the alleged violation. A notice must comply with the information and procedural requirements specified in regulations. A private party may not pursue an enforcement action directly under Proposition 65 if one of the government officials noted above initiates an action within sixty days of the notice. After 2003, private enforcers must also serve a certificate of merit (statement of expert consultation(s) supporting belief of reasonable and meritorious private action) as a means of preventing frivolous enforcement actions.


1986 California Proposition 65, Enforcement
A business found to be in violation of Proposition 65 is subject to civil penalties of up to $2,500 per day for each violation. In addition, the business may be ordered by a court of law to stop committing the violation. Other penalties may apply, including unfair business practices violations as limited under California Proposition 64 (2004).


1986 California Proposition 65, Enforcement
Businesses can become compliant by learning upfront whether or not their products contain chemicals that match the current Proposition 65 list of 910 chemicals. Users can do this by searching in a Microsoft Excel chemical list or a website offering the search by chemical name or CAS Number. Product manufacturers may also learn if a chemical in their products has been removed from the Proposition 65 list, such as saccharin, removed December 2010.


1986 California Proposition 65, Accomplishments
Proposition 65 has caused large numbers of consumer products to be reformulated to remove toxic ingredients, as documented in settlements of enforcement actions. The law's author has noted that many more product reformulations have taken place "invisibly," because of Proposition 65's incentive to reduce toxic exposures in advance of enforcement, and that product reformulations have benefitted consumers nationwide, not just in California.


1986 California Proposition 65, Accomplishments
In the law's first ten years of operation, emissions of its listed chemicals into the air were reduced much more in California (~85%) than in the rest of the U.S. (~50%), as tracked by the U.S. Toxics Release Inventory. California's air emissions during the same period of other toxic chemicals, also tracked by TRI but not on the Proposition 65 list, declined by only the national average, strongly indicating that Proposition 65 was the cause of the difference.


1986 California Proposition 65, Accomplishments
Proposition 65 has also caused government and industry to cooperate on scientific issues of chemical risk, resulting in risk-based standards for 282 toxic chemicals in the law's first few years of operation, an accomplishment described by a Governor's Task Force as "100 years of progress [by federal standards] in the areas of hazard identification, risk assessment, and exposure assessment." The existence of clear numerical standards has significantly assisted efforts to comply with the law, and to enforce it in situations of non-compliance.


1986 California Proposition 65, Accomplishments
Notably, nearly all of the reductions in toxic exposures caused by Proposition 65 have occurred in areas also subject to federal laws and regulations intended to control toxic chemicals, reductions which those federal controls had failed to achieve.


1986 California Proposition 65, Warning label
The following warning language is standard on products sold in California if they contain chemicals on the Proposition 65 list and the amount of exposure caused by the product is not within defined safety limits.


1986 California Proposition 65, Warning label
WARNING:  This product contains chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm.


1986 California Proposition 65, Warning label
The wording can be changed as necessary, as long as it communicates that the chemical in question is known to the state to cause cancer, or birth defects or other reproductive harm. For exposures from other sources, such as car exhaust in a parking garage, a standard sign might read:  "This area contains chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, or birth defects or other reproductive harm".


1986 California Proposition 65, Controversy and claimed abuse
Political controversy over the law, including industry attempts to have it preempted by federal law, have died down, although preemption bills continue to be introduced in the U.S. Congress, most recently H.R. 6022  (introduced June 6, 2018). However, enforcement actions remain controversial. Many Proposition 65 complaints are filed on behalf of straw man plaintiffs by private attorneys, some of whose businesses are built entirely on filing Proposition 65 lawsuits.


1986 California Proposition 65, Controversy and claimed abuse
The law has also been criticized for causing "over-warning" or "meaningless warnings,"   and this risk has been recognized by a California court. There is no penalty for posting an unnecessary warning sign, and to the extent that warnings are vague or overused, they may not communicate much information to the end user. The law's principal author notes that in practice, businesses have overwhelmingly chosen to reduce or eliminate their toxic exposures, rather than giving warnings about them, due to market forces.


1986 California Proposition 65, Controversy and claimed abuse
Examples of warning signs can be found at gas stations, hardware suppliers, grocery stores, drug stores, medical facilities,   parking garages, hotels, apartment complexes, retail stores, banks, and restaurants, warning about hazardous chemicals in items for sale, or present in the immediate environment. Utility companies mail a Prop 65 notice to all customers each year to warn them about exposures to natural gas, petroleum products and sandblasting.


1986 California Proposition 65, Controversy and claimed abuse
Abuse of enforcement lawsuits has also been a consistent theme of Proposition 65 opponents, who criticize the motives of citizen enforcers. Industry critics and corporate defense lawyers charge that Proposition 65 is "a clever and irritating mechanism used by litigious NGOs and others to publicly spank politically incorrect opponents ranging from the American gun industry to seafood retailers, etc." Critics also note that the majority of settlement money collected from businesses has been used to pay plaintiffs' attorney fees. Businesses paid over $14.58 million in attorney fees and costs in 2012, 71% of all settlement money paid.


1986 California Proposition 65, Controversy and claimed abuse
Because the law allows private citizens to sue and collect penalties from any business violating the law, lawyers and law firms have been criticized for using Proposition 65 to force monetary settlements out of Californian businesses. In the past the Attorney General's office has cited several instances of settlements where plaintiff attorneys received significant awards without providing for environmental benefit to the people of California, resulting in a requirement that the Attorney General's office must approve any pre-trial Proposition 65 settlement.


1986 California Proposition 65, Recent reform efforts
In the 2013–14 session of the California State Assembly, a consensus bill, AB 227, introduced by Assemblyman Mike Gatto (D-Los Angeles), effectively offered to protect certain small companies in specified circumstances from the threat of citizen enforcement lawsuits, by providing them with a streamlined compliance procedure and limited penalties. The bill was passed unanimously, with support from Proposition 65 proponents and supporters, and was enacted on October 10, 2013.


1986 California Proposition 65, Recent reform efforts
Following the success of AB 227, Gov. Jerry Brown announced on May 7, 2013 that his office plans to introduce a proposal to reform Proposition 65. Since Brown's initial announcement, his office held meetings with Proposition 65 stakeholders, but was tight-lipped about what was accomplished by the meetings. According to California Environmental Protection Agency Secretary Matthew Rodriquez, the Governor's office planned to release a white paper after concluding its stakeholder meetings. The white paper may form the basis of a legislative proposal by the Governor.


1986 California Proposition 65, Recent reform efforts
Assembly Bill 1252, introduced by Assemblyman Brian Jones (R-Santee) during the 2015–2016 legislative session, proposed giving small businesses two weeks to fix violations before a lawsuit can be filed. The legislation died in committee.


1986 California Proposition 65, Reformulation of consumer goods
Over the years, Prop 65 has led to consent agreements for a variety of consumer products, such as bibs, bicycles, products containing brass, cookware, cosmetics, exercise mats, ceramic ware and glassware, clothing, fake leather upholstery, headphone cables, jewelry, lunchboxes, poker chips, luggage, and accessories.


1986 California Proposition 65, Reformulation of consumer goods
In early 2011, a number of new Prop 65 consent agreements were reported, covering vinyl inflatable structures, vinyl lounge chairs, inspection lights with clamp handles, brass door handles, cadmium in jewelry and a revised judgment for fashion accessories.


1986 California Proposition 65, Reformulation of consumer goods
In the latter part of 2011, further consent agreements were reported. These included reformulation of up to 1000 ppm DEHP for book covers and jackets. Further reformulations for lead content also concluded. For fashion jackets and belts with components that can be handled, touched or mouthed, two tests are necessary for compliance: less than 1.0 μg lead using method NIOSH 9100 and less than 100 ppm lead using EPA 3050B.


1986 California Proposition 65, Reformulation of consumer goods
More recently, since December 2011 and during the first half of 2012, a further number of consent settlements for Prop 65 have been concluded, enforcing reformulation of a range of additional products by specifying the limits of heavy metals and organic chemicals.


1986 California Proposition 65, Reformulation of consumer goods, Summary of settlements
In externally decorated glassware the cadmium and lead content are limited, with lower concentrations permitted for the lip or rim region. Lead content is also restricted in ceramic ware with exterior decorations, booster cables, and safety pins in varying concentrations. Various specific phthalates are also restricted in varying concentrations in notepads with vinyl coverings, purses, slippers, flip flops with rhinestones and similar plastic footwear, ear buds and headsets, and exercise/fitness mats. Restriction on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is defined for smoothing solution products, and in this case a specific warning is mandatory in the material safety data sheets if the product releases detectable amounts of formaldehyde.


1986 California Proposition 65, Reformulation of consumer goods, Alleged violators
As of 2019, the below list includes some of the named Fortune 500 companies that have been sued or received an intent to sue for allegedly not disclosing the Prop 65 warning on one or more of their products. The list includes, but is not limited to:


1986 California Proposition 65, Reformulation of consumer goods, Alleged violators
In most cases, such as McDonald's, Walgreens, and Disney, the listed chemicals have been removed. "As of August 2019, Amazon faces over 1,000 Prop 65 'Intent to Sue' notices." E-commerce marketplaces, like Amazon, require their sellers to disclose if their products contain Prop 65. However, these companies are currently under fire for some of their sellers allegedly not disclosing Prop 65 chemicals that are in their brands.


1986 California Proposition 65, List of chemicals
Proposition 65 requires that the governor revise and republish at least once per year the list of chemicals known to the State to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity.


1986 California Proposition 65, List of chemicals
There also exists a "Safe harbor List" with some chemicals which are named in the Proposition 65 list, with limits up to them the supplier can be sure that they do not need any warning.


1986 California Secretary of State election
The 1986 California Secretary of State election was held on November 4, 1986. Democratic incumbent March Fong Eu defeated Republican nominee Bruce Nestande with 68.84% of the vote.


1986 California gubernatorial election
The 1986 California gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1986. Incumbent Republican George Deukmejian won easily in this rematch over the Democratic challenger, Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley. This was the largest gubernatorial victory since Earl Warren in 1950.


1986 California gubernatorial election, General Election Results, Results by county
Deukmejian is the last Republican gubernatorial nominee to win Marin, San Mateo, and Santa Cruz Counties.


1986 California lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1986 California lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1986. Incumbent Democrat Leo T. McCarthy defeated Republican nominee Mike Curb with 53.94% of the vote.


1986 Camden London Borough Council election
The 1986 Camden Council election took place on 8 May 1986 to elect members of Camden London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election.


1986 Camden London Borough Council election
Labour made big gains from the Conservatives across the borough: gaining Bloomsbury and one seat in Brunswick in the south, South End and the two remaining Highgate seats in the north-east, and Swiss Cottage in the north-west. The SDP–Liberal Alliance also won Fortune Green from the Conservatives.


1986 Cameroonian Premier League
In the 1986 Cameroonian Premier League season, 16 teams competed. Canon Yaoundé won the championship defeating Union Douala.


1986 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby
The Campeonato Argentino de Rugby 1986 was won by the selection of Buenos Aires that beat in the final the selection of Unión de Rugby de Tucumàn


1986 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby, Preliminaries
Santa Fè Admitted directly to semifinals, as host of "final-four".


1986 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby, Final
Buenos Aires: 15.Rafael Madero, 14.Ricardo Annichini, 13. Fabian Turners, 12.Diego Cuesta Silva, 11. Juan Lanza, 10.Hugo Porta (cap. ), 9. Martín Yanguela, 8.Jorge Allen, 7.Alejandro Schiavio, 6.Pablo Franchi, 5.Eliseo Branca, 4.Sergio Carossio, 3.Eduardo Valesani, 2. Diego Cash, 1.Fernando Morel. Tucuman: 15.Juan Soler, 14.Marcos Silvetti, 13.José Gianoti, 12.Julio Williams, 11.Gabriel Terán, 10.Ricardo Sauze, 9.Pedro Merlo, 8.Pablo Garretón, 7.Marcelo Ricci (cap.) 6.>Gabriel Palou, 5.Sergio Bunader, 4.Pablo Buabse, 3.Luis Molina, 2.Ricardo Le Fort, 1.Julio Coria.


1986 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
The 1986 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A was the 30th edition of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A. São Paulo won the championship.


1986 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, Overview and format
The 1986 tournament ranks as one of the most controversial ever, alongside 1987. For its detractors, it apparently revived old devils from late 1970s by featuring back a single division with 80 teams, allegedly for political reasons as CBF sought support from smaller teams against growing criticism of the top traditional clubs. These in turn saw this as weaker revenue possibilities, exemplified by 1985 final play-offs, combined with real increased competitiveness from these smaller provincial clubs, now also at national league level. Promotion and relegation were still taboo, and unthinkable for top tier teams. But CBF introduced for the first time this feature (which actually justified the single division formula once for all in order to level the playing field for next-year tournament with more conventional divisions of 24 teams).


1986 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
The 1986 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, the second level of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, was a parallel competition organized by the CBF. The competition had 36 clubs and the winners of each one of the four groups were promoted to the same season's Série A.


1986 Campeonato Carioca
The 1986 edition of the Campeonato Carioca kicked off on February 16, 1986 and ended on August 10, 1986. It is the official tournament organized by FFERJ (Federação de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, or Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation. Only clubs based in the Rio de Janeiro State are allowed to play. Twelve teams contested this edition. Flamengo won the title for the 22nd time. no teams were relegated.


1986 Campeonato Gaúcho
The 66th season of the Campeonato Gaúcho kicked off on February 16, 1986 and ended on July 20, 1986. Fourteen teams participated. Grêmio won their 24th title. Aimoré and Grêmio Bagé were relegated.


1986 Campeonato Paulista
The 1986 Campeonato Paulista da Primeira Divisão de Futebol Profissional was the 85th season of São Paulo's top professional football league. Inter de Limeira won the championship by the first time. Comercial and Paulista were relegated.


1986 Campeonato Paulista, Championship
The twenty teams of the championship would all play twice against each other, with the best teams of each half and the two overall best teams qualifying to the Semifinals, and the bottom two teams being relegated.


1986 Campeonato da 1ª Divisão do Futebol
Statistics of Campeonato da 1ª Divisão do Futebol in the 1986 season.


1986 Campionati Internazionali di Sicilia
The 1986 Campionati Internazionali di Sicilia was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Palermo, Italy that was part of the 1986 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and took place from 29 September until 5 October 1986. First-seeded Ulf Stenlund won the singles title.


1986 Campionati Internazionali di Sicilia, Finals, Doubles
Paolo Canè /  Simone Colombo defeated  Claudio Mezzadri /  Gianni Ocleppo 7–5, 6–3


1986 Can-Am season
The 1986 Can-Am season was the nineteenth running of the Sports Car Club of Americas prototype series, and the tenth running of the revived series. The dominant manufacturers were Cosworth, BMW, and Volkswagen for the first time with a third-place finish at Summit Point. The dominant chassis were Lola, March, Oscella, Yorkshire, Frissbee-Lola, and Frissbee. After 1986, Can Am would become the Can Am Teams championship, using modified CART March 86Cs. In 1989, the name was again revived with a spec Shelby series. Horst Kroll was declared champion.


1986 Can-Am season
The season did, however, introduce a young Paul Tracy, who won the final round at Mosport at the age of seventeen.


1986 Canadian Grand Prix
The 1986 Canadian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, Montreal on 15 June 1986. It was the sixth race of the 1986 Formula One World Championship.


1986 Canadian Grand Prix
The 69-lap race was won from pole position by Nigel Mansell, driving a Williams-Honda. Alain Prost finished second in a McLaren-TAG, with Mansell's teammate Nelson Piquet third. Prost took the lead of the Drivers' Championship by two points from Mansell and Ayrton Senna, who finished fifth in his Lotus-Renault.


1986 Canadian Junior Men's Curling Championship
The 1986 Pepsi Canadian Junior Men's Curling Championship was held February 16-22 at the Red Deer Curling Club in Red Deer, Alberta.


1986 Canadian Junior Men's Curling Championship
Team Manitoba, skipped by future Manitoba Leader of the Opposition Hugh McFadyen and his teammates Jon Mead, Norman Gould, John Lange defeated Saskatchewan in the final, to claim the province's fourth provincial men's junior title. The team would go on to win a silver medal for Canada at the 1987 World Junior Curling Championships.


1986 Canadian Junior Men's Curling Championship
It would be the last year where the men's and women's junior tournaments would be held at separate times.


1986 Canadian Masters
The 1986 BCE Canadian Masters was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 28 October–1 November 1986 at the CBC Television Studios in Toronto, Canada.


1986 Canadian Masters
Steve Davis won the tournament by defeating Willie Thorne 9–3 in the final.


1986 Canadian Professional Championship
The 1986 Canadian Professional Championship was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament, which took place in August 1986 at Snooker Centre, Toronto, Canada.


1986 Canadian Professional Championship
Cliff Thorburn won the title for the third year in a row, and fourth overall, by beating Jim Wych 6–2 in the final. Wych compiled the highest break of the tournament, 129, in his quarter-final match against Bernie Mikkelsen.


1986 Canadian Professional Championship
The World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association funded £13,000 in prize money through its national championship subsidy, a scheme which provided £1,000 per entrant. Thorburn received £2,900 as winner.


1986 Canadian federal budget
The Canadian federal budget for fiscal year 1986-1987 was presented by Minister of Finance Michael Wilson in the House of Commons of Canada on 26 February 1986.


1986 Cannes Film Festival
The 39th Cannes Film Festival was held from 8 to 19 May 1986. The Palme d'Or went to The Mission by Roland Joffé.


1986 Cannes Film Festival
The festival opened with Pirates, directed by Roman Polanski and closed with El Amor brujo, directed by Carlos Saura.


1986 Cannes Film Festival, Juries, Main competition
The following people were appointed as the Jury of the 1986 feature film competition:


1986 Cannes Film Festival, Juries, Camera d'Or
The following people were appointed as the Jury of the 1986 Camera d'Or:


1986 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Un Certain Regard
The following films were selected for the competition of Un Certain Regard:


1986 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Films out of competition
The following films were selected to be screened out of competition:


1986 Cannes Film Festival, Official selection, Short film competition
The following short films competed for the Short Film Palme d'Or:


1986 Cannes Film Festival, Parallel sections, International Critics' Week
The following feature films were screened for the 25th International Critics' Week (25e Semaine de la Critique):


1986 Cannes Film Festival, Parallel sections, Directors' Fortnight
The following films were screened for the 1986 Directors' Fortnight (Quinzaine des Réalizateurs):


1986 Canterbury state by-election
A by-election for the seat of Canterbury in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly was held on 1 February 1986. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Labor MP Kevin Stewart to accept the post of Agent-General for NSW in London.


1986 Canterbury state by-election
By-elections for the seats of Cabramatta and Kiama were held on the same day.


1986 Caribbean Series
The twenty-eighth edition of the Caribbean Series (Serie del Caribe) was played in 1986. It was held from February 4 through February 9 with the baseball champion teams of the Dominican Republic, Águilas Cibaeñas; Mexico, Águilas de Mexicali; Puerto Rico, Indios de Mayagüez, and Venezuela, Tiburones de la Guaira. The format consisted of 12 games, each team facing the other teams twice. The games were played at Estadio Luis Aparicio El Grande in Maracaibo, Venezuela.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
Ten years after their first Caribbean Series title, the Mexican club won again under the guide of veteran Cananea Reyes. Mexicali made history by winning three of four games in its last at-bat, two of them against the Dominican Republic.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
Mexico was shut out twice in its first three games, but after four contests all four teams were tied at 2–2 for the first time in Series history. Mexicali finished strong and defeated the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico to win the title, after host Venezuela was stopped by the Dominicans in the final contest of the tournament. Venezuela had crushed Mexico, 11–0, in their first confrontation, but the Mexicans took revenge in their second matchup with a 14–0 thumping. The other three victories of Mexicali were by one run difference.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
Pitchers Jim Leopold and Jaime Orozco took two victories apiece, while the offensive support came from C Francisco Estrada, SS Houston Jiménez and CF John Kruk. The inspired Mexican club also included DH Nelson Barrera, 1B Lorenzo Bundy, RF Roy Johnson, 2B Juan Navarrete, and Ps Salomé Barojas and Sid Monge, among others. In addition, Cananea Reyes joined Cuban skipper Nap Reyes as the only managers to win two Series titles.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
The clubs from the Dominican Republic and Venezuela tied for second place with 3–3 records.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
The Dominican Republic's Águilas, managed by Winston Llenas, were a favorite to grasp the Series trophy, as the team was headed by players such as C Tony Peña, 2B Juan Samuel, 3B Domingo Ramos, SS Alfredo Griffin, LF Miguel Diloné, 1B Rufino Linares and CF Luis Polonia. The Águilas outscored their rivals, 36 to 30, but also topped the tournament with 15 errors. Eric Plunk, who posted a 1-0 record and a 3.21 ERA in two starts, was a bright spot in a pitching staff that included José Bautista, Ravelo Manzanillo, Pascual Pérez and Bob Patterson.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
The Venezuelan Tiburones, managed by José Martínez, wasted home field advantage and was the only team outscored, 34 to 27. 1B Andrés Galarraga hit .407 and slugged .703, driving in five runs while leading the batters in home runs (2) and doubles (2). RF Tony Armas batted .300 with one homer and  three RBI, and was very solid at defense.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
Starters Ubaldo Heredia (1-0, 0.00 ERA), Bryan Clark (1-0, 0.00 ERA) and Odell Jones (1-0, 3.60 ERA) combined for the three victories of the team, receiving some strong bullpen support from Luis Aponte (two saves, 0.00, 5.0 IP), Wilfredo Flores (0.00, 6⅔ IP) and Luis Sánchez (1.00 ERA, 3.0 IP). Other players in the roster included P Bill Mooneyham, C Tobias Hernández, and IFs Carlos Martínez, Gustavo Polidor, Al Pedrique and Argenis Salazar.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
Mayagüez of Puerto Rico was managed by Nick Leyva and finished last with a 2–4 record. The team scored a second-best 31 runs, but lost two one-run games. 3B Randy Ready went 14-for-30 and captured both the batting title (.467) and the RBI lead (7), winning Series Most Valuable Player honors. His 14 hits tied a tournament record, which was set by Pedro Formental in the 1953 Series. Another highlight came from Luis DeLeón, who hurled a two-hit, complete game shutout against the eventual champions.


1986 Caribbean Series, Summary
Among the other roster members were Ps Luis Aquino, Edwin Correa, Bill Earley, José Guzmán, Jesús Hernáiz, Dale Mohorcic, Ray Searage and Candy Sierra; C Angel Rodríguez; DH Luis Quiñones; IFs Wally Joyner, Willie Lozado, Al Newman and José Oquendo, as well as OFs Bobby Bonilla, John Cangelosi and Henry Cotto.


1986 Carlsberg Challenge
The 1986 Carlsberg Challenge was a non-ranking snooker tournament, which took place in July 1986. The tournament featured four professional players and was filmed in RTÉ Studios.


1986 Carlsberg Challenge
Dennis Taylor won the tournament by defeating Jimmy White 8–3.


1986 Castrol 500
The 1986 Castrol 500 was an endurance race for cars complying with CAMS Touring Car regulations, which were based on FIA Group A rules. The event was staged on 14 September 1986 over 129 laps of the 3.9 km Sandown International Motor Racing Circuit in Victoria, Australia, a total distance of 503 km. The race, which was Round 3 of both the 1986 Australian Endurance Championship and the 1986 Australian Manufacturers' Championship, was the 21st "Sandown 500" endurance race.


1986 Castrol 500
The race was won by the Peter Jackson Nissan Skyline turbo of George Fury and Glenn Seton from their teammates Gary Scott and Terry Sheil, with the V8 Holden Commodore of Allan Grice and Graeme Bailey finishing third. 1986 was the first time a turbo powered car had won the Sandown enduro, and the first of six consecutive Sandown 500's won by turbo power.


1986 Castrol 500
Peter Brock and Allan Moffat, who between them had won 14 of the previous 17 Sandown enduros dating back to Moffat's first win in 1969, finished 4th in their Holden Dealer Team Commodore. Brock had won pole for the race in Saturday's "Castrol Chargers"  top ten runoff with a time of 1:49.84. Defending race winners Jim Richards and Tony Longhurst finished two laps down in 5th place in their JPS Team BMW 635 CSi.


1986 Castrol 500
Robbie Francevic, the 1986 Australian Touring Car Champion, failed to start the race after his car was withdrawn on race morning following his comments that the Volvo 240T he was to drive wouldn't be competitive as the Volvo Dealer Team had not been able to practice due to the team still building the car. Francevic's public comments saw him dismissed from the team by team manager John Shepherd the day after the race.


1986 Castrol 500
The Holden Commodore of Allan Grice and Graeme Bailey won Class C (3001 to 6000cc), the Nissan Skyline of George Fury and Glenn Seton won Class B (2001 to 3000cc) and the Toyota Corolla of Mike Quinn and John Faulkner placed first in Class A (Up to 2000cc).


1986 Castrol 500
The 1986 Castrol 500 saw the touring car racing debut of 19 year old Mark Skaife. Co -driving with Peter Williamson in his Toyota Celica Supra, the pair finished 10th outright.


1986 Castrol 500, Results, Castrol Chargers
A "Castrol Chargers" session, contested for the first time in 1986, involved the top ten cars from qualifying undertaking two single-lap runs to determine the final grid order for the race.


1986 Centennial Cup
The 1986 Centennial Cup is the 16th Junior "A" 1986 ice hockey National Championship for the Canadian Junior A Hockey League.


1986 Centennial Cup
The Centennial Cup was competed for by the winners of the Abbott Cup, Dudley Hewitt Cup, the Callaghan Cup, and a 'Host' team.


1986 Centennial Cup
The tournament was hosted by the Cole Harbour Colts in the city of Cole Harbour, Nova Scotia.


1986 Centennial Cup
A note of interest is that Troy Crosby, Sidney's father was the goaltender for the Moncton Hawks in this tournament. He ended up settling in Cole Harbour, NS which is Sidney's hometown.


1986 Centennial Cup, The Playoffs, Round Robin
Note: x - denotes teams who have advanced to the semi-final.


1986 Central African constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in the Central African Republic on 21 November 1986, following a military coup in 1981. The new constitution would make the country a one-party state with the Central African Democratic Rally as the sole legal party. The presidential term was to be set at six years, with no term limits. Under its provisions, André Kolingba, who had led the military regime since 1981, was automatically elected as president. It was approved by 92.22% of voters with an 87.6% turnout.


1986 Central African constitutional referendum
Following the referendum, parliamentary elections took place in July 1987.


1986 Central American Games
The III Central American Games (Spanish: III Juegos Deportivos Centroamericanos) was a multi-sport event that took place between 4–10 January 1986. Initially, the Games were scheduled for 1981 in Managua, Nicaragua, but werecancelled due to the unstable political situation.


1986 Central American Games
The Games were called the "Peace Games" (Spanish: Juegos de la Paz). The official song was the "Hymn of the Peace Games" (Spanish: Himno de los Juegos de la Paz) composed by Alfonso Agulló.


1986 Central American Games
Long distance runner Mateo Flores was honoured to light the torch in the stadium bearing his name.


1986 Central American Games
A complete list of medal winners can be found on the MásGoles webpage(click on "JUEGOS CENTROAMERICANOS" in the low right corner).


1986 Central American Games, Sports
The competition featured 20 sports (plus badminton, rowing, and sailing as exhibition).


1986 Central American Games, Medal table
The table below is taken from El Diario de Hoy, San Salvador, El Salvador, and from El Nuevo Diario, Managua, Nicaragua.


1986 Central American and Caribbean Games
The 15th Central American and Caribbean Games were held in Santiago de los Caballeros in the Dominican Republic from June 24 to July 5, 1986, and included 2,963 athletes from 26 nations, competing in 25 sports.


1986 Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships in Athletics
The 7th Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships was held in Mexico City, Mexico, on 26–29 June 1986. Results were affected by altitude.


1986 Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships in Athletics, Medal summary
Medal winners are published by category: Junior A, Male, Junior A, Female, and Junior B. Complete results can be found on the World Junior Athletics History website.


1986 Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships in Athletics, Participation (unofficial)
Belize competed for the first time at the championships. Detailed result lists can be found on the World Junior Athletics History website. An unofficial count yields a number of about 262 athletes (154 junior (under-20) and 108 youth (under-17)) from about 12 countries:


1986 Central Michigan Chippewas football team
The 1986 Central Michigan Chippewas football team represented Central Michigan University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1986 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their ninth season under head coach Herb Deromedi, the Chippewas compiled a 5–5 record (4–4 against MAC opponents), finished in a tie for fifth place in the MAC standings, and were outscored by their opponents, 284 to 258. The team played its home games in Kelly/Shorts Stadium in Mount Pleasant, Michigan, with attendance of 118,457 in five home games.


1986 Central Michigan Chippewas football team
The team's statistical leaders included quarterback Marcelle Carruthers with 912 passing yards, Rodney Stevenson with 1,104 rushing yards, and Melvin Houston with 210 receiving yards. Offensive guard Rick Poljan received the team's most valuable player award. Three Central Michigan players (offensive tackle Brian Williams, offensive guard Rick Poljan, and running back Rodney Stevenson) received first-team All-MAC honors.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake
The 1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake struck southern Mono County near Bishop and Chalfant, California at 07:42:28 Pacific Daylight Time on July 21. With a moment magnitude of 6.2 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong), the shock injured two people and caused property damage estimated at $2.7 million in the affected areas. There was a significant foreshock and aftershock sequence that included a few moderate events, and was the last in a series of three earthquakes that affected southern California and the northern Owens Valley in July 1986.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake
Strong motion stations at the Long Valley Dam and an instrumented building in Bishop captured light to moderate readings from the event. The faulting reached the surface of the ground, but the maximum amount of measurable slip was limited to about 11 centimeters (4.3 in) of strike-slip motion along the White Mountain Fault Zone. Other destructive and surface-rupturing earthquakes, as well as large volume volcanic eruptions, have occurred in the area. Although the series of shocks occurred within the White Mountain seismic gap, the region continues to have potential for a very large earthquake.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Preface
July 1986 was an unusually active month for moderate to strong earthquakes in California, with three events occurring in less than two weeks, each with mild to moderate effects. The first of these shocks came on July 8 with a M6.0 event on the Banning fault near Palm Springs and the second event occurred off the coast of Oceanside as a M5.8 shock on July 13.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Preface
While the earthquake off the southern California coast occurred in an area thought to be capable of generating a tsunami, the earthquake near Palm Springs occurred on a portion of the southern San Andreas Fault system that has been designated a seismic gap, and is a likely location for a very large earthquake. The same seismic gap theory (regarding the potential for a future large earthquake) had also been presented for the White Mountains area near Chalfant.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Tectonic setting
The Owens Valley, located at the western boundary of the Basin and Range Province, is confined by the Sierra Nevada mountain range to the west and the White-Inyo Mountains to the east. The valley was brought about by active tectonics over the last 2–4 million years, and was the scene of a very large earthquake in 1872 that generated surface rupture from Lone Pine in the south to as far north as Big Pine, a distance of approximately 100 kilometers (62 mi). Other large, surface rupturing events in 1915, 1932, and 1954 delineate the Eastern California–Central Nevada seismic zone.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Tectonic setting
As no large earthquake has occurred between the southern extent of the 1932 Cedar Mountains (Nevada) earthquake's rupture and the northern extent of the 1872 Lone Pine earthquake's rupture in the south (a distance of 130 km (81 mi)), the zone has been labeled the White Mountain seismic gap.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Tectonic setting
The 1934 M6.3 Excelsior Mountains earthquake and the 1986 Chalfant Valley event were several smaller earthquakes that have occurred within the gap, and both generated limited surface faulting and some surface cracking in the Volcanic Tableland, which was created .7 million years ago from a major volcanic eruption that also formed the Long Valley Caldera northwest of Bishop. An estimated 500 cubic kilometers of material (tephra) produced in the event covers the northern Owens Valley as a rocky landform. The surface of the layered plateau is known as Bishop Tuff and features fumarole mounds and hundreds of north-south oriented fault scarps, many of which are visible on topographic maps, via aerial photography, and satellite imagery.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Foreshocks
The University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) both operated seismograph networks in the region where the Chalfant Valley earthquake sequence occurred. The data that was captured was transmitted in real time to Reno, Nevada and Menlo Park, California and was digitized for later examination. The foreshock activity was found to have begun eighteen days prior to the main event on July 3, with the onset of a 3.5 event (local magnitude). Activity increased on July 18 with several doublets then reduced again in the hours prior to the primary M5.7


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Foreshocks
(intensity V (Moderate)) foreshock on July 20. All forty events that were recorded by the UNR and USGS stations before that event were within 2 km (1.2 mi) its epicenter, and another 132 events that were considered to be its aftershocks were documented in the remaining 24 hours leading up to the mainshock. One of these events, just over two hours after the primary foreshock, measured M4.7 with an intensity of IV (Light).


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Earthquake
The mainshock occurred at 07:42:26 on July 21 and caused the most damage in the sequence of events. The shock measured 6.2 Mw  as measured by the International Seismological Centre and originated at a depth of approximately 10.8 kilometers (6.7 mi). The focal mechanisms of the three largest events (the July 20 foreshock, the mainshock, and the largest aftershock) were primarily strike-slip with a minor amount of normal-slip and were especially well-constrained due to the dense array of seismometers in the area that were operated by the UNR and the USGS. The primary foreshock's preferred fault plane solution indicated left-lateral slip on a fault striking N25°E, but neither the mainshock nor the largest aftershock conformed with their right-lateral slip striking N25°W and N15°W respectively.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
In Bishop, windows were shattered and ceiling tiles fell in several buildings, and a portion of the brick facade at the First Sierra bank building fell onto the sidewalk. A Burger King restaurant had part of its ceiling come down. Northwest of Bishop, a portion of U.S. Route 395 was blocked temporarily by a landslide. Campers were briefly trapped at the Pleasant Valley Reservoir when a 150 ft (46 m) section of an access road was destroyed as a result of land movement.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
Both injuries that were reported (minor cuts and injuries from falling objects) occurred to the north in Chalfant Valley where 53 mobile homes were knocked off their foundations and two homes were destroyed. Nearly all the buildings in that small town were affected, with water and sewer lines broken there as well.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
Many of the mobile homes were able to be remounted on their foundations, but 18–20 of the homes were unable to be repaired. The overall damage from the event was compared with the other events in southern California. While the Oceanside shock caused $200,000 in damage, the Palm Springs event caused an estimated $8 million in damage. Damage in from the Chalfant Valley event was estimated at $2.7 million.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Earthquake, Surface faulting
Ground fractures that were deemed to be tectonic in nature were documented on about 10.5 kilometers (6.5 mi) of the White Mountain Fault Zone from Silver Creek to Piute Creek. The cracks trended 350° and a maximum right-lateral slip of about 11 centimeters (4.3 in) was measured, though other vertical (downslope) or extensional movement was also seen, especially on the 150 m (500 ft)-thick surface of the Bishop Tuff in the Volcanic Tableland. There, the largest displacements were seen in the vicinity of Casa Diablo Mountain. The cracks were found primarily in loose sand, which made measurements difficult.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Earthquake, Intensity
In Bishop, intensity VI effects included broken windows and cracked walls in commercial and government buildings. Items fell from store shelves at grocery markets, streets were cracked, and wells had changes in the flow of water. The damage to the mobile homes in Chalfant was also consistent with intensity VI shaking, with some of the homes moving laterally as much as 18 inches. Also in this classification was damage to pipe supports along a portion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct between the Upper, Middle, and Control Gorge Power Plants southeast of Crowley Lake. Intensity V (Moderate) effects (including cracked windows and broken underground pipes) were present in the Central Valley, Death Valley, and Carson City, Nevada.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Earthquake, Strong motion
The foreshock, mainshock, and the two largest aftershocks were recorded by strong motion stations that were operated by the California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program (CSMIP) and the USGS. A total of 36 seismograms were captured from 11 stations, including a two-story steel frame building, the Long Valley Dam, and several free field stations. The Chalfant strong motion station recorded the largest horizontal accelerations for the foreshock, mainshock, and the July 21 M5.6 aftershock of .28g, .46g, and .17g.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Earthquake, Strong motion
The instruments at the building on North Main street in Bishop recorded all four shocks and indicated .25g at ground level and .4g on the roof, both during the mainshock. The station at the earthen Long Valley Dam had produced many quality recordings since being put into operation in 1979 and saw mainshock accelerations of .09g on bedrock, and .24g on an upper abutment.


1986 Chalfant Valley earthquake, Aftershocks
The day of the main event two aftershocks occurred (5.6 at 14:51 and 5.4 at 22:07) but the initial shock was V (Moderate) on the Mercalli intensity scale and the second event was felt only. Ten days following the mainshock on July 31, a stronger aftershock occurred with a local magnitude of 5.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong). That aftershock was felt in California and western Nevada, broke windows and knocked items off shelves in Bishop, and light fixtures were damaged at the National Weather Service office.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400
The 1986 Champion Spark Plug 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that was held on August 17, 1986, at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400
Michigan International Speedway has been a Ford dominated track starting in 1984, and a Mercury track before that from 1969-78. It was also a track that suited a smooth driver or a driver that could change his driving tactics for Michigan International Speedway.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Background
Michigan International Speedway is a four-turn superspeedway that is 2 miles (3.2 km) long. Opened in 1968, the track's turns are banked at eighteen degrees, while the 3,600-foot-long front stretch, the location of the finish line, is banked at twelve degrees. The back stretch, has a five degree banking and is 2,242 feet long.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Background
Groundbreaking took place on September 28, 1967. Over 2.5 million cubic yards (1.9×10^6 m3) of dirt were moved to form the D-shaped oval. The track opened in 1968 with a total capacity of 25,000 seats. The track was originally built and owned by Lawrence H. LoPatin, a Detroit-area land developer who built the speedway at an estimated cost of $4–6 million. Financing was arranged by Thomas W Itin. Its first race took place on Sunday, October 13, 1968, with the running of the USAC 250 mile Championship Car Race won by Ronnie Bucknum.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Background
In 1972, Roger Penske purchased the speedway for an estimated $2 million. During Penske's ownership, the track was upgraded several times from the original capacity to 125,000 seating capacity.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report
There were 41 drivers on the starting grid for this event. Gary Fedewa (uncle of later Busch Series driver Tim Fedewa), Dick Trickle, USAC veteran Cliff Hucul of Canada, Ronnie Thomas, Joe Booher, and Howard Mark failed to qualify for this race. In this 200-lap event, Buddy Baker deserved his last-place finish due to a problem with the rear end of his vehicle on lap 27. Various problems including engine troubles and crashes caused several drivers not to finish the race. All of the drivers in this racing event were born in the United States of America, and prior to the green flag the total number of Winston Cup wins among all 41 drivers equaled 672, and a total of 20 Winston Cups.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report
Sixty-four thousand people witnessed a race lasting for almost three hours. Bill Elliott managed to defeat Tim Richmond by almost one and a half seconds. Tim Richmond continued his hot streak across the summer stretch, leading five laps and finishing in second place. Richmond charged from the tail-end of the lead pack to second on the final restart after being penalized by NASCAR for pitting too early under caution. After getting his lap back, Richmond charged through the field to take second.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report
Benny Parsons earned the pole position for this racing event by driving up to 171.924 miles per hour (276.685 km/h) during qualifying. While the opening laps in the race saw four different drivers duel each other for the lead, only Bill Elliott and Darrell Waltrip would be able to fight for the first-place position on the closing laps. Darrell Waltrip ran a clean race, staying inside the top-5 for most of the afternoon and leading 3 laps. He was rewarded with a third-place finish.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report
Michael Waltrip would become the lowest-finishing driver to finish the race; even though he only logged in 122 laps of actual racing. Greg Sacks was involved in an accident on lap 63 while Morgan Shepherd had a similar collision on lap 83. There was a two-car crash on lap 173 involving Kyle Petty and Jim Hull. The last accident of the race occurred on lap 187 involving Benny Parsons.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report
Geoff Bodine led 21 laps en route to a fourth-place finish. Bodine easily had the best car before the competition caution NASCAR scheduled to check tire wear. After the competition caution, Bodine was unable to find the top spot for the rest of the afternoon. Dale Earnhardt finished a lap down in fifth place. Earnhardt was the only driver able to keep up with Bill Elliott, leading 34 laps throughout the day. After getting caught a lap down during a round of green-flag pitstops, Earnhardt settled for a top-5. Rusty Wallace managed to lead a lap and came home in sixth, one lap down. Wallace was driving on the edge for most of the race, nearly spinning out at one point while battling with Morgan Shepherd for position.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report
Bill Elliott looked like his 1985 self, leading 125 of 200 laps and claiming his second victory of the season. The win was his fourth consecutive victory at Michigan and his fifth victory in six races at the speedway. Between 1984 and 1987, Elliott won all but two races at Michigan. The most dominant drivers in the NASCAR Winston Cup Series during the 1980s were Bill Elliott, Darrell Waltrip, Terry Labonte, Bobby Allison, and Dale Earnhardt.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report
Cale Yarborough recovered from a terrible qualifying effort to finish seventh, one lap down. Yarborough drafted with Bobby Allison into the top-10 by lap 20 and was challenging the leaders at one point before falling a lap down. Harry Gant finished a lap down in eighth, ending what had been a brutal four-race stretch in which he suffered engine failure at Daytona, crashed hard at Pocono and Talladega, and blown his motor at Watkins Glen. Phil Parsons nabbed his third top-ten finish of the season with a ninth-place run, though he was a lap down. Like many others, Parsons was caught out by a caution during green-flag pitstops, which is why so many drivers in the top-10 were a lap down at the finish.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report
The total prize purse for the contenders in this event was $345,585 ($815,912 in today's American dollars). Winnings for each individual driver varied from $55,950 ($132,096 in today's American dollars) to a meager $1,185 ($2,798 in today's American dollars).


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report, Introductions and retirements
Benny Parsons would make his final pole position start here while David Pearson and Jim Hull would make their respective exits from the NASCAR Cup Series after this event was over. In the final start of his legendary career, David Pearson showed that he could still be competitive, running as high as third and finishing in tenth place, one lap off the pace.


1986 Champion Spark Plug 400, Race report, Introductions and retirements
Pearson would go on to become "racing royalty" at Michigan International Speedway due to his incredible performances on that race track alone. While starting an average of 8th place on all NASCAR races that took place on Michigan International Speedway, Pearson's average finish of 12th place would be accompanied by nine other MIS racing victories and twenty finishes in the "top ten."


1986 Chatham Cup
The 1986 Chatham Cup was the 59th annual nationwide knockout football competition in New Zealand.


1986 Chatham Cup
Up to the last 16 of the competition, the cup was run in three regions (northern, central, and southern). In a change to previous years, National League teams received a bye until Round Three (the final 64 stage) of the competition, one round earlier than previously. In all, 143 teams took part in the competition. Note: Different sources give different numberings for the rounds of the competition: some start round one with the beginning of the regional qualifications; others start numbering from the first national knock-out stage. The former numbering scheme is used in this article.


1986 Chatham Cup, The 1986 final
Unlike previous years, the final was held over two legs, home and away. This format proved unpopular, and was abandoned after three years, with the cup reverting to a single final format in 1989. In the final North Shore United became the first six-times winner of the Chatham Cup.


1986 Chatham Cup, The 1986 final
The first leg was held at North Shore United's Fuji Film Stadium. The game was not a particularly memorable one, although it did have its moments, notably a penalty miss from the home side. This would have evened the tie up, as Mount Maunganui gained a lead halfway through the first half via a Tony Ferris goal. This proved to be the only goal of the match.


1986 Chatham Cup, The 1986 final
The second leg in Mount Maunganui was a more high-scoring and open game. Kevin Hagan opened the scoring for Shore after just five minutes. Mount Maunganui fought back to equalise through Grant Proudman halfway through the first spell, but Shore's Darren McClennan restored their lead before half time and - thanks to the away goals rule - put them on track for the trophy. Away goals were not to be needed, however, as both Kim Wright (after 65 minutes) and Brian McKeown (87 minutes) added to North Shore's tally, taking them to an aggregate 4-2 win.


1986 Chatham Cup, The 1986 final
The Jack Batty Memorial Trophy for player of the final was awarded to Duncan Cole of North Shore United.


1986 Chatham Cup, Results, Fifth Round
* Won on penalties by Nelson United (11-10), Christchurch Technical (4-3), and Papatoetoe (4-3).


1986 Chattanooga Moccasins football team
The 1986 Chattanooga Moccasins football team represented the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga as a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon) in the 1986 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Moccasins  were led by third-year head coach Buddy Nix and played their home games at Chamberlain Field. They finished the season 4–7 overall 2–4 in SoCon play to place in sixth.


1986 Chicago Bears season
The 1986 Chicago Bears season was their 67th regular season and 17th post-season completed in the National Football League. The Bears entered the season looking to repeat as Super Bowl champions, as they had won in 1985. Chicago managed to finish 14–2, one game off of their 1985 record of 15–1. Although the Bears had an equal 14-2 record as the New York Giants for the league’s best record, the Giants were seeded number one in the NFC for the playoffs due to the Giants having a better conference record (11-1) than that of the Bears (10-2). In going 14-2, the Chicago Bears are the first team in NFL history to have consecutive seasons with 14 or more victories.


1986 Chicago Bears season
After winning the championship in 1985, the Bears seemed like a dynasty in the making. However, quarterback Jim McMahon showed up to training camp 25 pounds overweight – the product of the post-Super Bowl partying he’d partaken in. Nonetheless, he was once again named as the starter. Injuries to his rotator cuff (including a flagrant late-hit by Charles Martin which exacerbated it), however, derailed his season. McMahon played in only six of the team’s first 12 games.


1986 Chicago Bears season
Aided by a strong offensive line, the Bears were once again led on offense by Walter Payton. Payton remained his usual stellar self, posting his 10th and final 1,000-yard season. With McMahon’s poor play, as well as the equally poor play of backups Mike Tomczak, Steve Fuller and Doug Flutie, Payton was the sole spark on offense, which ranked 13th in the NFL.


1986 Chicago Bears season
As had been the case the year before, the Bears were once again led by their explosive defense. Any shortcomings on the offensive side of the ball were more than made up for on the defensive side. They once again were ranked #1 in the NFL. The Bears’ defense became the third defense in the history of the NFL to lead the league in fewest points allowed and fewest total yards allowed for two consecutive seasons. The Bears’ 187 points allowed is the fewest surrendered by any team in the 1980s (other than the strike-shortened 1982 season) – even fewer than the 198 points the Bears allowed in their historic 1985 season.


1986 Chicago Bears season
However, the Bears were not able to recapture their magic from the season before and were bounced from the playoffs in their first game by the Washington Redskins.


1986 Chicago Bears season, Playoffs, Game summary
The 1986 Bears earned a first round playoff bye, but in their opening playoff game, they were upset at home by the Washington Redskins. A holding penalty and a missed field goal by Kevin Butler frustrated the Bears in the first quarter. They still, however, managed to take a 13–7 lead into halftime. But their usually stout defense fell apart in the second half, allowing the Redskins to score 20 unanswered points.


1986 Chicago Bears season, Playoffs, Game summary
“Maybe my dreams didn’t come true“, said Chicago Coach Mike Ditka. “The defense has to play outstanding and today they were just not up to the way the Redskins were playing.”


1986 Chicago Bears season, Playoffs, Game summary
Despite injuries to Redskins offensive linemen Joe Jacoby and Russ Grimm, the Washington offensive line was able to pick up the Bears patented blitzes. Washington quarterback Jay Schroeder was sacked only twice. He was also able to use the blitzes to his advantage, completing passes while being chased out of the pocket.


1986 Chicago Bears season, Playoffs, Game summary
Trailing 14–13 in the 4th quarter, the Bears good fortune ran out, when the usually dependable Payton lost a fumble, which led to an 83-yard touchdown drive by the Redskins. The long drive perpetrated against the NFL’s best defense seemed to take the wind out of the Bears' sails. A few minutes later, the Bears muffed a punt return which set up an easy field goal for the Redskins. The Bears lost 27–13.


1986 Chicago Cubs season
The 1986 Chicago Cubs season was the 115th season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 111th in the National League and the 71st at Wrigley Field. The Cubs finished fifth in the National League East with a record of 70–90.


1986 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1986 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1986 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1986 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1986 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1986 Chicago Marathon
The 1986 Chicago Marathon was the 10th running of the annual marathon race in Chicago, United States and was held on October 26. The elite men's race was won by Japan's Toshihiko Seko in a time of 2:08:27 hours and the women's race was won by Norway's Ingrid Kristiansen in 2:27:08. A total of 8173 runners finished the race, an increase of over 600 from the previous year, and a number that would not be beaten until 1995.


1986 Chicago White Sox season
The 1986 Chicago White Sox season was the 87th season for the Chicago White Sox franchise of Major League Baseball (MLB). They compiled a record of 72–90, finishing in fifth place in the West division of the American League, 20 games behind the first-place California Angels. The team played their home games at Comiskey Park.


1986 Chicago White Sox season, Regular season
In a game against the Minnesota Twins held on October 4, Greg Gagne of the Twins hit two inside the park home runs in one game.


1986 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; R = Runs scored; H = Hits; 2B = Doubles; 3B = Triples; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; BB = Base on balls; SO = Strikeouts; AVG = Batting average; SB = Stolen bases


1986 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching
Note: W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; SV = Saves; IP = Innings pitched; H = Hits allowed; R = Runs allowed; ER = Earned runs allowed; HR = Home runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts


1986 Chico State Wildcats football team
The 1986 Chico State Wildcats football team represented Chico State University during the 1986 NCAA Division II football season. Chico State competed in the Northern California Athletic Conference in 1986.


1986 Chico State Wildcats football team
The 1986 Wildcats were led by third-year head coach Mike Bellotti. They played home games at University Stadium in Chico, California. Chico State finished the season with a record of seven wins and three losses (7–3, 4–1 NCAC). The Wildcats outscored their opponents 338–203 for the season.


1986 Chico State Wildcats football team, Team players in the NFL
No Chico State players were selected in the 1987 NFL Draft.


1986 China Masters
The 1986 Camus China Masters was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament held in September 1986 in Shanghai, China.


1986 China Masters
Steve Davis won the tournament, defeating Terry Griffiths 3–0 in the final.


1986 Chinese Taipei National Football League
Statistics of Chinese Taipei National Football League in the 1986 season.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations
Student demonstrations took place in a number of Chinese cities from December 1986  until mid-January 1987. The demonstrations started in the city of Hefei before spreading to other cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing. The movement was heavily influenced by the Chinese intellectuals Fang Lizhi and Wang Ruowang, who were critical of the Chinese government's lack of political reforms. The demonstrations quickly dissipated by mid-January before achieving any of its stated goals. The lack of response from Hu Yaobang, who was General Secretary of the Communist Party of China at the time, would result in his removal from power on January 15, 1987, and his replacement by Zhao Ziyang.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Background
The 1986 student demonstrations took place in the context of  economic difficulties caused by an inflation rate of 16% which led to large increases in living costs. There was also a view that there was corruption within the government which made it difficult for people without connections to get ahead, many of these accusations of corruption targeted the children of Deng Xiaoping.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Background
During this time astrophysics professor and vice president of the University of Science and Technology of China Fang Lizhi was giving a series of lectures at universities in Shanghai and Ningbo in which he encouraged   to "open in all directions" which meant that he believed that China should open up to the ideals of  academic freedom, freedom of speech and freedom of the press that he associated with the West. He also stated that the rights in the Chinese constitution should be "actual rights" and not just on-paper rights.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Background
The speeches encouraged many students to use their right to demonstrate and assemble in order to protest the government. Students from around the country were able to listen to these speeches when audio recordings were spread throughout college campuses. In response to these comments Fang Lizhi was pressured to attend a conference in Anhui province where he was heavily criticized by Wan Li and other high ranking provincial officials over his earlier comments.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Demonstrations
The demonstrations began at the University of Science and Technology in the city of Hefei on December 5, 1986 in response to students' demands to nominate their own candidates for the National People's Congress instead of choosing from a government selected list. From there protests spread to other cities such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Nanjing, Kunming, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Guangzhou, and Beijing. On December 19 after several days of protesting the Shanghai government called in the police and ordered them to use force to remove the student demonstrators, an act that angered students across the country.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Demonstrations
In response to the tactics of the Shanghai government, students in Hefei engaged in a sit-in on December 23 in front of the Hefei municipal government building with the demand that the Hefei municipal government rebuke the actions of the Shanghai government. Fang Lizhi, who had a great deal of influence amongst the students, worked as a mediator between the government and students in Hefei and was able to get the students back to class and end their sit-in on the condition that the Anhui officials would forward the student demands to the Shanghai government. According to Fang, his involvement in this instance was later used as evidence by the party that he was the one behind these demonstrations.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Demonstrations
According to sociologist Julia Kwong, the demonstrations were never able to gain widespread support; the biggest demonstrations in Beijing and Shanghai numbered 30,000 in total and some demonstrations only numbered in the hundreds, such as the protests in Guangzhou. In total 150 Chinese universities out of 1016 took part in the demonstration across 17 cities with 2% of the student population taking part.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Demonstrations
The goals of the protestors were portrayed in western media like The Washington Post  as being a pro-democracy movement but the students had many other grievances that had little to do with democracy and were reported by Hong Kong media. These grievances varied depending on the campus with students in Beijing protesting  that lights were turned off after 11:00 whereas students in Nanjing criticized the inclusion of political studies in their curriculum. The protesters also focused on the problem of corruption and cronyism in the government, which affected students abilities to gain employment and slowed Chinese economic growth.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Demonstrations
Some of the student demonstrators did hold discussions with the government but they were largely ineffectual. The Shanghai students were unable to have any of their four demands met after a six-hour meeting with the Party Secretary of Shanghai Jiang Zemin. By mid-January all of the demonstrations had stopped, and the students returned to their campuses.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Aftermath
Hu Yaobang's response to the demonstrations was a major factor in him being forced to resign his position as General Secretary on January 16, 1987 as he was perceived as being overly liberal by Deng Xiaoping. He was replaced by Zhao Ziyang as General Secretary of the CCP. Fang Lizhi was fired from his position as Vice President of USTC on January 12, 1987 and was subsequently expelled from the communist party on January 19.


1986 Chinese student demonstrations, Aftermath
This also led to the launch of a campaign against "bourgeois liberalization"  at the suggestion of Deng Xiaoping in order to stop what he viewed as the excessive liberalization that had occurred under Hu Yaobang. The removal of Hu Yaobang would have lasting consequences as his removal was used by students during the 1989 demonstrations. Many of the students who took part in these demonstrations would go on to participate in the 1989 demonstrations, an example of this is the student leader Li Lu who participated in both 1986 and 1989 demonstrations.


1986 Christchurch mayoral election
The 1986 Christchurch mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1986, election were held for the Mayor of Christchurch plus other local government positions. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.


1986 Christchurch mayoral election, Background
Sitting Mayor Hamish Hay was re-elected for a fifth term with a decreased majority, defeating councillor Alex Clark of the Labour Party, who had likewise lost to Hay in 1977. Concurrent to Hay retaining the mayoralty the Citizens' Association kept control of the Christchurch City Council with the composition of the council being ten seats to nine.


1986 Christchurch mayoral election, Background
Postal voting was used for the first time in local elections in Christchurch the advent of which was credited with a larger turnout of voters, an increase of 22 percent.


1986 Christchurch mayoral election, Ward results
Candidates were also elected from wards to the Christchurch City Council.


1986 Chrysler-Plymouth Tournament of Champions
The 1986 WTA Tournament of Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Marco Island, Florida in the United States. It was part of the 1986 WTA Tour and was played from March 31 through April 6, 1986. Chris Evert won the singles title. The doubles competition was played as a round robin exhibition. Martina Navratilova, who had won all previous six singles titles at the event, elected to compete only in the doubles competition.


1986 Chrysler-Plymouth Tournament of Champions, Finals, Doubles
Martina Navratilova /  Andrea Temesvári defeated  Elise Burgin /  Kathy Jordan 7–5, 6–2


1986 Cincinnati Bearcats football team
The 1986 Cincinnati Bearcats football team represented the University of Cincinnati during the 1986 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Bearcats, led by head coach Dave Currey, participated as independent and played their home games at Nippert Stadium.


1986 Cincinnati Bengals season
The 1986 season was the Cincinnati Bengals' 17th season in the National Football League, their 19th overall, and their third under head coach Sam Wyche. The Bengals were one of two teams with ten wins that failed to make the AFC playoffs in 1986.


1986 Cincinnati Bengals season
Boomer Esiason passed for a team-record 3959 yards and James Brooks rushed for 1087 yards as the Bengals went 10-6, narrowly missing a playoff berth. Linebacker Reggie Williams was selected NFL Man of the Year for his efforts to charity and the community. The Bengals amassed a club-record 621 yards net offense in a 52-21 victory over the New York Jets on December 21. No NFL team has since matched that total in a regulation-time game since.


1986 Cincinnati Open
The 1986 Cincinnati Open (Also known as the Thriftway ATP Championships and 1986 Pringles Light Classic for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio, United States that was part of the 1986 Nabisco Grand Prix and the men's draw was held from August 18 through August 24, 1986. First-seeded Mats Wilander won the singles title.


1986 Cincinnati Open, Finals, Doubles
Mark Kratzmann  /  Kim Warwick defeated  Christo Steyn /  Danie Visser, 6–3, 6–4.


1986 Cincinnati Reds season
The Cincinnati Reds' 1986 season was a season in American baseball. It consisted of the Cincinnati Reds attempting to win the National League West, although falling short in second place behind the Houston Astros.


1986 Cincinnati Reds season
Eric Davis hit 27 home runs and stole 80 bases this season. The New York Yankees' Rickey Henderson also had over 20 home runs and 80 steals in 1986, he and Davis are the only two major leaguers to accomplish this feat.


1986 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1986 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1986 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1986 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1986 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1986 Ciskei parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were scheduled to be held in Ciskei in November 1986. However, the 23 candidates of the Ciskei National Independence Party were the only ones to register, and were deemed to be elected unopposed in September 1986.


1986 City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council election
The City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council elections were held on Thursday, 8 May 1986, with one third of the council and a vacancy in Odsal to be elected. The elections resulted in Labour gaining control of the council.


1986 City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council election, Election result
This result had the following consequences for the total number of seats on the council after the elections:


1986 City of Lincoln Council election
The 1986 City of Lincoln Council election took place on 8 May 1986. This was on the same day as other local elections. One third of the council was up for election: the seats of which were last contested in 1982. The Labour Party retained control of the council.


1986 City of Lincoln Council election, Overall results
All comparisons in vote share are to the corresponding 1982 election.


1986 Classic (snooker)
The 1986 Mercantile Credit Classic was the seventh edition of the professional snooker tournament. The tournament was played at the Spectrum Arena, Warrington, Cheshire, and was televised on ITV from the last 16 round (which started on 3 January 1986).


1986 Classic (snooker)
The earlier rounds (Pre last 16) were played between 8–13 November 1985.


1986 Classic (snooker)
Defending champion Willie Thorne lost in the third round to Tony Jones 3–5.


1986 Classic (snooker)
Jimmy White won his first ranking, event beating Cliff Thorburn 13–12 in the final, winning on the final black ball. White had been 7–8 behind at the end of the first day's play in the final, including a one frame penalty for arriving two minutes late for the start of the Saturday evening session.


1986 Classic (snooker), Century breaks
A total of nine century breaks were made during the event.


1986 Claxton Shield
The 1986 Claxton Shield was the 47th annual Claxton Shield. The participants were South Australia, New South Wales Patriots, Victoria Aces, Western Australia, Queensland Rams and Northern Territory. The series was won by Victoria.


1986 Claxton Shield
The competition continued its eastern and western divisional format adopted in the 1984 Claxton Shield, with the winners of both divisions playing in a final.


1986 Claxton Shield
The highlight of the competition was the eastern sector final between Victoria and Queensland at Holloway Field, when after a scathing opinion piece written by Queensland manager Mike Young about Victorian manager John Galloway tempers were high throughout the game. This culminated in an incident later in the game when Bob Nilsson intentionally threw at a Victorian batter, who in turn threw his bat at Nilsson, leading the benches to clear. After three ejections, Victoria won the game, but had to be escorted from the field due to abusive spectators.


1986 Claxton Shield
The Helms Award was given to pitcher Lindsay Orford of Victoria.


1986 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1986 Clemson Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Clemson University in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 1986 NCAA Division I-A football season. In its ninth season under head coach Danny Ford, the team compiled an 8–2–2 record (5–1–1 against conference opponents), won the ACC championship, defeated Stanford in the 1986 Gator Bowl, and outscored opponents by a total of 296 to 187. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Clemson, South Carolina.


1986 Clemson Tigers football team
Terrence Flagler and Terence Mack were the team captains. The team's statistical leaders included quarterback Rodney Williams with 1,245 passing yards, Terrence Flagler with 1,258 rushing yards and 78 points scored (13 touchdowns), and Ray Williams with 280 receiving yards.


1986 Cleveland Browns season
The 1986 Cleveland Browns season was the team’s 37th season with the National Football League. The death of Don Rogers, a promising young defensive back who was preparing to enter his third season in the NFL, cast a black cloud over the team as it prepared for the 1986 season.


1986 Cleveland Browns season
Cleveland won their first postseason game since 1969, and for the first time in franchise history, the Browns reached the AFC Championship Game, where they would eventually fall to the Denver Broncos, in the game famous for “The Drive.” It would be the first of three AFC Championship games that the Browns would reach in four seasons, all losses to Denver.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Season Summary
The 1986 Browns finished 12–4 to not only win the division again, but also set a franchise record for regular-season victories in the NFL in addition to securing home-field advantage throughout the AFC playoffs.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Season Summary
In one of the most pulsating games in club history, the Browns edged the New York Jets 23–20 in double-overtime in the divisional playoffs. Then, in maybe the most disappointing contest in team annals, the Browns lost to the Denver Broncos by that same score in OT in the AFC Championship Game as quarterback John Elway orchestrated what has become known as The Drive. The Browns were involved in six contests decided by three points or less, and eight decided by six points or less.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Season Summary
There were two OT games – in consecutive weeks, no less – when the Browns beat the Pittsburgh Steelers 37–31 and the Houston Oilers 13–10, both in Cleveland. That win started the Browns on a five-game winning streak to end the season, and it was also part of a stretch in which they won eight of nine contests.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Season Summary
There were several other big games in addition to the two OT affairs. The Browns beat the Steelers at Three Rivers Stadium for the first time in 16 tries, 27–24. They defeated Miami 26–16 on Monday Night Football, extracting some revenge for their loss to the Dolphins in the divisional playoffs the year before. They wound up clinching the AFC Central crown by going to Cincinnati in the next-to-last game and winning soundly, 34–3. The Bengals finished in second place at 10–6 but did not make the playoffs.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Season Summary
Kosar's career really took off in 1986, as he threw for 3,854 yards and seventeen touchdowns with just ten interceptions for an 83.8 quarterback rating. Wide receiver Brian Brennan, who led the way with 55 receptions and six scores, was one of seven Browns to catch 28 or more passes. The backfield combo of FB Kevin Mack and HB Earnest Byner battled injuries for much of the year. That, along with the increased emphasis on passing, caused the rushing numbers to go way down. As a team, the Browns got just 1,650 yards, with Mack rushing for a team-leading 665. He did, however, run for ten scores.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Season Summary
Hanford Dixon and Frank Minnifield were among the top cornerbacks in the league, leading a defense that excelled down the stretch, limiting the last four opponents to 17 or fewer points.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Regular season
Cleveland opened the regular season on the road against the defending Super Bowl champion Chicago Bears. While the Browns played well in scoring 31 points against the feared Chicago defense, they surrendered a season-high 41 points in a losing effort. The team responded well and won four of the next five games, including wins against divisional rivals Houston and Pittsburgh. The win against Pittsburgh snapped a losing streak of sixteen games for the Browns in Three Rivers Stadium.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Regular season
After a week seven loss at home against the Green Bay Packers, the Browns won eight of their last nine regular season games to capture the AFC Central division title and finish the year with a franchise-record 12 wins (against 4 losses).


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Postseason
The first round opponent for the Browns in the playoffs was the New York Jets. In a marathon game that lasted over four hours, the Browns won their first playoff game in 18 years, 23–20, on a 27-yard Mark Moseley field goal in double overtime.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Postseason
Eight days later, the Browns hosted the Denver Broncos to determine the AFC Championship and a trip to Pasadena, California to face the New York Giants in the Super Bowl. In a repeat of the Browns' playoff game from the previous week, the game was, once again, undecided at the end of regulation with both teams having scored 20 points. Even though the Browns had star defensive players like Hanford Dixon and Frank Minnifield, the Broncos offense would not give up.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Postseason
The Broncos forced overtime on a 98-yard possession at the end of the fourth quarter that culminated in a game-tying touchdown and later became known simply as "The Drive". The Browns received the ball to begin the overtime period, but were forced to punt after running only three plays. The Broncos then took possession and ultimately scored the game winning points on a 33-yard field goal by Rich Karlis to send Denver to the Super Bowl.


1986 Cleveland Browns season, Postseason, AFC Championship Game
This game is best remembered for "The Drive", during which when the Broncos drove 98 yards to tie the game with 37 seconds left in regulation, and Denver kicker Rich Karlis made the game-winning 33-yard field goal 5:38 into overtime.


1986 Clásica de San Sebastián
The 1986 Clásica de San Sebastián was the sixth edition of the Clásica de San Sebastián cycle race and was held on 13 August 1986. The race started and finished in San Sebastián. The race was won by Iñaki Gastón.


1986 Coca-Cola 600
The 1986 Coca-Cola 600, the 27th running of the event, was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race held on May 25, 1986 at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Charlotte, North Carolina. Contested over 400 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.4 km) speedway, it was the 11th race of the 1986 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season. Dale Earnhardt of Richard Childress Racing won the race.


1986 Coca-Cola 600, Background
Charlotte Motor Speedway is a motorsports complex located in Concord, North Carolina, United States 13 miles from Charlotte, North Carolina. The complex features a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) quad oval track that hosts NASCAR racing including the prestigious Coca-Cola 600 on Memorial Day weekend and The Winston, as well as the Oakwood Homes 500. The speedway was built in 1959 by Bruton Smith and is considered the home track for NASCAR with many race teams located in the Charlotte area. The track is owned and operated by Speedway Motorsports Inc. (SMI).


1986 Coca-Cola 600, Summary
Brett Bodine made his NASCAR Winston Cup Series debut in this event. David Pearson makes his first appearance of the 1986 season in his next-to-last career start.


1986 Coca-Cola 600, Summary
After this victory, Dale Earnhardt would go 15 races without getting a first-place finish.


1986 Coca-Cola 600, Summary
Four of the drivers who failed to finish the race had crashed during the race. The rest of the drivers who failed to finish the race had problems with their camshaft, engine, shocks, head gasket and an overheating vehicle.


1986 Coca-Cola 600, Summary
On the day of the race, 0.16 inches of precipitation were recorded around the speedway.


1986 Colchester Borough Council election
Elections to Colchester Borough Council were held on 8 May 1986 alongside local elections across the United Kingdom.


1986 Colchester Borough Council election, Ward results
Sourced from Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher The Elections Centre, Plymouth University


1986 Colgate Red Raiders football team
The 1986 Colgate Red Raiders football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University during the 1986 NCAA Division I-AA football season. In the first year of play for the Colonial League, Colgate tied for last place.


1986 Colgate Red Raiders football team
In its 11th season under head coach Frederick Dunlap, the team compiled a 4–7 record. Erik Rosenmeier and Scott Montross were the team captains.


1986 Colgate Red Raiders football team
Colgate's 1–3 conference record tied for fourth in the five-team Colonial League standings. The Red Raiders outscored all opponents 312 to 274.


1986 Colgate Red Raiders football team
Colgate was No. 16 in the first week of Division I-AA national rankings, but dropped out of the top 20 in time for its second game, and remained unranked through the end of the season.


1986 Colgate Red Raiders football team
The team played its home games at Andy Kerr Stadium in Hamilton, New York.