1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 2
In Game 2, another Cardinal 20-game winner, Joaquín Andújar, squared off against the Dodgers' new ace, Orel Hershiser, who had compiled a 19–3 record during the regular season and had not lost at home. After two scoreless innings, the Cardinals scored first when batting champion (and eventual National League MVP) Willie McGee singled, went to second on a walk to Tommy Herr, and scored on a wild pitch by Hershiser to give the Cardinals their first lead of the series. In the bottom of the third, Sax singled for the Dodgers.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 2
Andujar had Sax picked off first, but a throwing error allowed him to scamper all the way to third with one out. He then scored on a single by Hershiser, who would score himself on Ken Landreaux's double. The hot-hitting Madlock then singled Landreaux home, giving the Dodgers a 3–1 lead.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 2
In the next inning, Scioscia singled and scored on Greg Brock's two-run home run to give the Dodgers a 5–1 lead. Next inning, the Dodgers extended their lead to 6–1 on Mike Marshall's RBI single with two on that knocked Andujar out of the game. In the sixth, Ricky Horton allowed a two-out double and walk, then back-to-back RBI singles by Bill Madlock and Pedro Guerrero off of Bill Campbell made it 8–1 Dodgers. In the ninth, Hershiser allowed a leadoff single and walk, then two outs later, Vince Coleman's RBI single made it 8–2 Dodgers before Willie McGee grounded out to finish Hershiser's complete game and give the Dodgers a 2–0 series lead heading to St. Louis.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 3
Saturday, October 12, 1985, at Busch Stadium (II) in St. Louis, Missouri


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 3
In past years, a 2–0 hole would have occasioned a must-win game, but the Cardinals still had a little breathing room due to the best-of-seven nature of the series. They did, however, need a win to get back on track in the series, and they got it with a 4–2 win behind Danny Cox to cut the Dodgers' series lead to 2–1. The Cardinals got roaring quickly when leadoff hitter Vince Coleman singled and stole second.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 3
After a walk to McGee, Dodgers starter Bob Welch seemed to have picked Coleman off, but a throwing error, reminiscent of Andújar's in Game 2, scored Coleman and put McGee on third. Herr then walked and promptly stole second to give the Cardinals runners on second and third with nobody out. After an intentional walk to Andy Van Slyke, McGee scored on Terry Pendleton's ground out to give the Cardinals a 2–0 lead.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 3
The next inning, Vince Coleman again singled—and was again picked off base, only to advance to third on a throwing error. McGee singled Coleman home and was promptly caught stealing. Herr followed up with a home run to give the Cardinals a 4–0 lead in the second. The game was for all purposes over. The Dodgers scored single runs in the fourth on back-to-back doubles by Pedro Guerrero and Mike Marshall and in the seventh when Enos Cabell singled off of Cox, then scored on Ken Landreaux's one-out single off of Ricky Horton. Danny Cox got the win and Ken Dayley got the save with Bob Welch the losing pitcher. The victory cut the Dodger lead to two games to one.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 4
Sunday, October 13, 1985, at Busch Stadium (II) in St. Louis, Missouri


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 4
The most important event of Game 4 occurred over two hours before the first pitch was thrown. Rainy conditions in St. Louis---combined with the stadium's lack of a dome---mandated deployment of the protective tarpaulin. The tarp in Busch Stadium was automated and came out of the ground. Standing next to it was Cardinal rookie Vince Coleman, the catalyst in the Cardinals' Game 3 win. Coleman was trapped under the tarp and several players had to lift the tarp so Coleman could escape. But the damage was done: Coleman suffered a broken ankle and would miss the rest of the 1985 postseason. The question entering the fourth game was whether the Cards could win with their catalyst on the bench. And the resounding answer from Game 4 was "No problem!"


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 4
The pitching matchup for this game was the Cardinals' Tudor against Jerry Reuss for the Dodgers. In the first, both pitchers allowed no hits, and Tudor continued his mastery in the top half of the second. But the bottom of the second saw the floodgates open on Reuss. Three straight singles by Jack Clark, Tito Landrum (Coleman's replacement) and César Cedeño gave the Cardinals a 1–0 lead. Back-up catcher Tom Nieto, starting his first game in the series, walked after a Pendleton ground out scored Cedeño.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 4
With the score 2–0 and runners at first and third, Tudor tried a squeeze play that worked beyond the Cardinals' dreams. A throwing error by Reuss put the Cards up, 3–0, and sent Nieto to second with Tudor on first. McGee's hit lined out to Mike Marshall in right, moving Nieto to third. With two outs, Ozzie Smith hit an infield single to the shortstop that scored Nieto, and when Herr followed with his own single, Reuss departed in a 5–0 hole.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 4
Rick Honeycutt came in to put out the fire, but Clark's single scored Smith. Cedeno's walk loaded the bases, and an infield single by Landrum made it 7–0 with the bases still loaded. Pendleton then singled to score both Clark and Cedeño, and Tudor had a nine-run lead. Honeycutt was pulled in favor of Bobby Castillo, who struck out Tom Nieto to end the inning.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 4
Next inning, Cesar Cedeno hit a leadoff double and scored on Tito Landrum's single. Next inning, Willie McGee hit a leadoff double, moved to third on a groundout and scored on Tom Herr's sacrifice fly. Madlock homered off Tudor in the seventh, the only run he permitted, but by that point the Dodgers were trailing 11–1.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 4
They got another run in the eighth when Len Matuszek hit a leadoff single off of Ricky Horton, moved to second on a groundout and scored on Pedro Guerrero's single, but the Cardinals got that run back in the bottom half off of Carlos Diaz when Jack Clark singled with two outs and scored on Andy Van Slyke's single. Bill Campbell retired the Dodgers in order in the ninth en route to a 12–2 Cardinals' win that tied the series at two. Tudor went seven innings for the win while Castillo hung around until the ninth.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 4
In past years, this would set the stage for the clinching Game 5, but the new format gave leeway to each team's pitching arrangement.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 5
Monday, October 14, 1985, at Busch Stadium (II) in St. Louis, Missouri


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 5
High drama unfolded when the Dodgers and Cardinals met for Game 5 tied at two victories apiece. The Dodgers sent Valenzuela for his second start of the series against the Cardinals' number four starter, Bob Forsch. Cardinals manager Whitey Herzog felt comfortable starting Forsch to give extra rest to his pair of 20-game winners, Andujar and Tudor. Prior to the game, Dodgers manager Tommy Lasorda declared, "If they can beat Valenzuela and Hershiser, then we're not as good as we thought." Dodger/NBC announcer Vin Scully repeated this several times during the broadcasts of Games 5 and 6.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 5
As in Games 3 and 4, the Cardinals got the ball rolling quickly. McGee and Smith led off with walks, and then Herr doubled, scoring both runners. At second with nobody out, the Dodgers—for the fifth time in the series—picked a runner off base, Herr in this case, only to see him advance on a throwing error by Valenzuela. With Herr at third and nobody out, Valenzuela masterfully got out of the jam with no further damage, and the Cardinals led, 2–0.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 5
In the fourth inning, Landreaux singled and Madlock homered for the second time in the series to tie the game at two. Ken Dayley replaced Forsch and got out of a two on and nobody out jam. And that ended the scoring until the ninth.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 5
Tom Niedenfuer came in to hold the Cardinals at bay in the ninth. After inducing McGee to pop up to third, Ozzie Smith came to bat from the left side of the plate. Never before in his career had Smith homered from the left side—until now. He golfed a Niedenfuer fastball down the right field line and over the fence for a home run, ending Game 5 as a 3–2 Cardinal victory.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 5
The ball hit the front facing of the lower deck and bounded back onto the field, but it was clearly above the home run line and Smith scored the winning run. Reliever Jeff Lahti got the win and Niedenfuer took the loss. The home run was voted the greatest moment in the history of Busch Stadium in 2005, and was the source of Jack Buck's famous call "Go crazy, folks! Go crazy! ".


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 5
This was the game where a fan blew water from the top of the visitors dugout into the eyes of Steve Sax as he came back after making an out. Sax attempted to enter the stands but was halted by security. Sax later pointed out that the water was mixed with beer and hurt him. The fan was evicted by security with no further incident.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 6
Wednesday, October 16, 1985, at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, California


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 6
The St. Louis Cardinals won their second National League title in four years by beating the Dodgers 7–5, in what many consider to be one of the most exciting playoff games ever played. The Dodgers returned to Los Angeles trailing three games to two, but comfortable knowing the last two games would be played in Chavez Ravine. For Game 6, it was Hershiser for the Dodgers against Andujar for St. Louis.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 6
Unlike the previous three games, it was the Dodgers and not the Cardinals who got the scoring started quickly when Mariano Duncan's double and Madlock's single put the Dodgers ahead, 1–0. An inning later, a walk to Greg Brock and singles by Hershiser and Duncan scored Brock to give the Dodgers a 2–0 lead.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 6
Both pitchers helped themselves with hits. After Hershiser's single in the second, Andújar led off the third with a double off the wall and scored on Herr's single to cut the lead to 2–1. Andújar hurt himself in the fifth when Duncan hit a high chopper that Andújar lost in the sun allowing Duncan to reach first. Duncan promptly stole second and went to third on a ground out by Landreaux. He then scored on Pedro Guerrero's deep fly to center field. Madlock homered for the third time in the series, and the Dodgers led, 4–1.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 6
In the top of the seventh, Darrell Porter singled, as did Tito Landrum. Steve Braun pinch-hit for Andújar and grounded out, but moved the runners to second and third. McGee's single then plated both runners, leading Tommy Lasorda to call on reliever Tom Niedenfuer. Niedenfuer's last pitch had landed in the seats to end Game 5, and the first batter he faced was the same—Ozzie Smith. Ozzie drilled a triple that just barely missed being a second left-handed homer, but Niedenfuer struck out Jack Clark on three fastballs to end the threat. But the Cardinals had now tied the game at four.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 6
In the bottom of the eighth, Mike Marshall lifted a towering fly ball to right off of Todd Worrell. It looked like a routine out, but the wind carried the ball just out of Andy Van Slyke's reach and over the wall for a home run. The Dodgers were now just three outs from forcing Game 7.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 6
In the ninth, Niedenfuer struck out César Cedeño, but McGee singled and stole second. With Ozzie Smith's prior success against Niedenfuer—a homer and triple in his last two at-bats—the Dodgers walked him and induced a ground out from Tommy Herr. With runners at second and third and two out, the obvious question faced Lasorda: "do you walk Clark to the open first base or do you pitch to him?" Niedenfuer had struck out Clark in the seventh. By contrast, the next two hitters in the Cardinal line-up, Van Slyke and Pendleton, were having miserable series. But Lasorda opted to pitch to Clark. Clark promptly drilled Niedenfuer's first fastball 450 feet (140 m) into the left field stands for a pennant-winning home run. Demoralized, the Dodgers went 1-2-3 in the bottom of the ninth, with Pedro Guerrero popping up for the final out.


1985 National League Championship Series, Game summaries, Game 6
The Cardinals would eventually lose in 7 games to the Kansas City Royals in the World Series.


1985 National League Championship Series, Composite box
1985 NLCS (4–2): St. Louis Cardinals over Los Angeles Dodgers


1985 National League Championship Series, Aftermath
For Jack Clark, the game-winning home run in Game 6 was of extra significance. Clark was a member of the San Francisco Giants from 1975-1984, a period where the Dodgers often dominated their rival. “There was a lot of payback for a lot of reasons,” Clark said. “For all those years in Candlestick Park. “Not only was it bad enough just having to play there, but the Dodgers kept whipping up on us every year.” Ironically, Clark was the Dodgers' hitting coach from 2001-2003.


1985 National League Championship Series, Aftermath
Four years later in 1988, John Tudor was traded to the Dodgers in exchange for Pedro Guerrero at the trade deadline. The Dodgers would win the World Series in 1988, as Tudor helped stabilize the Dodgers' rotation down the stretch, going 4-3 in nine starts with a 2.41 ERA, although he was mostly ineffective in the postseason. To complete the trade, Guerrero signed a three-year contract with the Cardinals. He enjoyed another All-Star season in 1989, hitting .311/.391/.477 with 17 home runs, 117 runs batted in and a league-leading 42 doubles. Guerrero finished third in NL MVP voting in 1989, the third time he finished third in the award (the other two being 1982 and 1985).


1985 National League Championship Series, Aftermath
The Dodgers and Cardinals would play each other five more times in the playoffs. St. Louis won their match-up with Los Angeles in the 2004 National League Division Series, the 2013 National League Championship Series, and the 2014 National League Division Series, while Los Angeles won the 2009 National League Division Series and the 2021 National League Wild Card Game.


1985 National League season
The 1985 National League was contested as the second division of Speedway in the United Kingdom.


1985 National League season, Team changes
A new team called the Barrow Blackhawks entered the league.


1985 National League season, Summary
The title was won by the Ellesmere Port Gunners. Barrow Blackhawks withdrew in May and had their results expunged.


1985 National League season, National League Knockout Cup
The 1985 National League Knockout Cup was the 18th edition of the Knockout Cup for tier two teams. Eastbourne Eagles were the winners of the competition.


1985 National League season, National League Knockout Cup, Final
Eastbourne were declared Knockout Cup Champions, winning on aggregate 83–73.


1985 National Panasonic Cup
The 1985 National Panasonic Cup was the 12th edition of the NSWRL Midweek Cup, a NSWRL-organised national club Rugby League tournament between the leading clubs and representative teams from the NSWRL, the BRL, the CRL and the NZRL.


1985 National Panasonic Cup
A total of 16 teams from across Australia and New Zealand played 15 matches in a straight knock-out format, with the matches being held midweek during the premiership season.


1985 National Panasonic Women's Classic
The 1985 National Panasonic Women's Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the Milton Tennis Centre in Brisbane, Australia that was part of the Category 3 tier of the 1985 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the sixth, and final, edition of the tournament and was held from 11 through 17 November 1985. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $26,000 first-prize money.


1985 National Panasonic Women's Classic, Finals, Doubles
Martina Navratilova /  Pam Shriver defeated  Claudia Kohde-Kilsch /  Helena Suková 6–4, 6–7(6–8), 6–1


1985 National Soccer League
The National Soccer League 1985 season was the ninth season of the National Soccer League in Australia. The season was again played with two Conferences as separate leagues, followed by a conference playoff final. The Grand Final was won by Brunswick Juventus over Sydney City.


1985 National Soccer League (Canada) season
The 1985 National Soccer League season was the sixty second season under the National Soccer League (NSL) name. The season began in May 12, 1985 and concluded in early October, 1985 with the NSL Championship final where Toronto Italia successfully defended their title against Windsor AC Roma. London Marconi secured the regular season title by finishing first in the standings, and Toronto Dinamo won the NSL Cup.


1985 National Soccer League (Canada) season
After the conclusion of the 1984 season the North American Soccer League (NASL) ceased operations with former NASL member Toronto Blizzard joining the National Soccer League as the league remained one of the few professional soccer leagues operating throughout the country.


1985 National Soccer League (Canada) season, Overview
The demise of the American based North American Soccer League (NASL) in late 1984 brought about a significate change to the Canadian soccer landscape as the NASL contained several Canadian teams throughout its existence. Once the NASL ceased operations Canada was without a national major soccer league as its previous attempt at organizing a domestic national league in 1983 failed after a single season. In relation to the void of a national top tier league the Ontario based National Soccer League (NSL) announced its intentions of expanding nationally, and received corporate sponsorship from Molson Brewery.


1985 National Soccer League (Canada) season, Overview
The NSL was aided with the addition of former NASL club Toronto Blizzard as the club's ownership purchased the NSL franchise rights of Dinamo Latino in June, 1985. According to league bylaws the Blizzards operated under the name Toronto Dinamo as the name change required the approval of the league's board of directors. The NSL managed to expand into Quebec through an affiliated league known as the Quebec National Soccer League (LNSQ), which officially debuted the following season.


1985 National Soccer League (Canada) season, Overview
Simultaneously the Canadian Soccer Association (CSA) also began making preliminary plans for a potential domestic national soccer league in order to address the void. Though the NSL ownership was attempting national expansion several of their noted clubs (Toronto Croatia, Toronto Dinamo, Toronto Italia, and Toronto Panhellenic) submitted applications to the CSA supported league. The plan was officially sanctioned by the CSA with the league expected to debut for the 1987 season, but unfortunately the majority of the NSL clubs were rejected as the CSA adopted a policy to Canadianize the league with no ethnic affiliated clubs.


1985 National Soccer League (Canada) season, Overview
Only Toronto Dinamo under it previous name as the Toronto Blizzard was granted a franchise. The membership in the NSL increased to eight teams with Windsor AC Roma being granted a NSL franchise, which marked the return of professional soccer to Windsor, Ontario since the 1978 season when the Windsor Stars competed in the league.


1985 National Society of Film Critics Awards
The 20th National Society of Film Critics Awards, given on 3 January 1986, honored the best filmmaking of 1985.


1985 National Society of Film Critics Awards, Winners, Best Director
1. John Huston – Prizzi's Honor2. Akira Kurosawa – Ran


1985 National Society of Film Critics Awards, Winners, Best Actor
1. Jack Nicholson – Prizzi's Honor2. William Hurt – Kiss of the Spider Woman


1985 National Society of Film Critics Awards, Winners, Best Actress
1. Vanessa Redgrave – Wetherby2. Jessica Lange – Sweet Dreams3. Norma Aleandro – The Official Story (La historia oficial)


1985 National Society of Film Critics Awards, Winners, Best Supporting Actor
1. John Gielgud – Plenty and The Shooting Party2. William Hickey – Prizzi's Honor3. Ian Holm – Wetherby, Brazil and Dance with a Stranger4. Klaus Maria Brandauer – Out of Africa


1985 National Society of Film Critics Awards, Winners, Best Supporting Actress
1. Anjelica Huston – Prizzi's Honor2. Mieko Harada – Ran


1985 National Society of Film Critics Awards, Winners, Best Screenplay
1. Albert Brooks and Monica Johnson – Lost in America2. Woody Allen – The Purple Rose of Cairo3. Terry Gilliam, Tom Stoppard and Charles McKeown – Brazil3. Richard Condon and Janet Roach – Prizzi's Honor


1985 National Society of Film Critics Awards, Winners, Best Cinematography
1. Takao Saito, Masaharu Ueda and Asakazu Nakai – Ran2. Kiyoshi Hasegawa – The Makioka Sisters (Sasame-yuki)3. Michael Ballhaus – After Hours


1985 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1985 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix was the fourth race of the 1985 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 24–26 May 1985 at the Mugello Circuit.


1985 Navy Midshipmen football team
The 1985 Navy Midshipmen football team represented the United States Naval Academy as an independent during the 1985 NCAA Division I-A football season.


1985 Navy Midshipmen football team, Game summaries, Army
With Vice President and former Navy pilot George Bush in attendance, Napoleon McCallum rushed for 217 yards, the second-most rushing yards by a Navy player against Army, and broke the NCAA single-season all-purpose yardage record of Pitt's Tony Dorsett.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team
The 1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team represented the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in the 1985 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Tom Osborne and played their home games in Memorial Stadium in Lincoln, Nebraska. The season opener against Florida State was the last season opening loss until 2015.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Florida State
Both teams started out evenly with a 7-7 tie after the first quarter, but Florida State led the Cornhuskers by 4 at the half and no one scored during the rest of this scorcher, as the mercury in Lincoln reached 93 °F (and 133 °F on the field). This was the last season opener Nebraska would lose until 2015.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Illinois
Although Illinois started out behind 0-17, they came within 7 points of a tie before Nebraska ran away, as the Cornhuskers at one point scored 28 straight in a game whose outcome never was seriously in doubt.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Oregon
Oregon was rendered helpless in Lincoln as Nebraska punched in four touchdowns late in the 2nd quarter and rolled to a 63-0 shutout in Lincoln. The Ducks only crossed the center of the field twice and were unable to scrape up even 1/3 of the total time of possession.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, New Mexico
Nebraska closed out the non-conference season against a New Mexico team that was not intimidated in Lincoln. The Lobos scored first and acquired 379 total yards of offense while winning the time of possession battle, but could not turn those accomplishments into scores as they also allowed nine sacks, four interceptions and lost a fumble.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma State
Nebraska pulled off the upset of Oklahoma State in Stillwater, as The Cowboys' passing attack was no match for the Cornhuskers' rushing attack when it was hampered by OSU's two lost fumbles and two thrown interceptions. Nebraska continued their unbeaten streak over Oklahoma State that began in 1961.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Missouri
21 of Nebraska's 28 points came off of the foot of PK Dale Klein, who not only tied the NCAA record of seven field goals in a game, but also became the first player to make seven straight in a game while also running his Nebraska field goal record streak up to nine.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Colorado
Colorado, playing without its 1st and 2nd string quarterbacks, still managed to hold Nebraska to a 7-7 halftime tie before a long touchdown run at the end of the 3rd quarter allowed the Cornhuskers to pull away.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Kansas State
Kansas State managed to prevent any single Nebraska runner from exceeding 100 yards, and even though Nebraska only completed six passes, it made no difference as the Wildcats were held to just a 1st-quarter field goal while the Cornhuskers had little trouble putting up 41 points. Nebraska PK Dale Klein set a Nebraska and personal record when he kicked a 50-yard field goal, his 12th of the season.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Iowa State
The #3 Cornhuskers romped in Lincoln as the Blackshirts extended their touchdown prevention streak to 11 quarters. Nebraska IB Doug DuBose entered record territory, becoming the 10th Nebraska player to post 2,000 yards, became the third (after Jarvis Redwine and Mike Rozier) to have two 1,000 yard seasons, and was the first Cornhusker to do so before their senior season.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Kansas
Despite a 0-6 turnover margin deficit, #2 Nebraska rolled the Kansas Jayhawks up in a 56-6 drubbing that saw the Cornhusker defense extend their touchdown-free series to 15 quarters. Without the five lost fumbles and one interception given up by Nebraska, the blowout of Kansas would have been far worse.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma
Oklahoma completely shut down Nebraska's offensive machine, as the Cornhuskers' only score came on a 76-yard fumble return for a touchdown with just 26 seconds left to play, very narrowly avoiding what would have been Nebraska's first shutout in 147 games. There were only 19 total passes and 5 completions in the entire game, and although Nebraska had not previously allowed more than 157 ground yards this season, the vaunted Oklahoma wishbone attack netted the Sooners 423 yards.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Michigan
Although Nebraska led 14-3 going into halftime, turnover-free Michigan cashed in on each of several Cornhusker mistakes in the third quarter to run off 24 points and pull away, handing Nebraska its second consecutive defeat to a #5 team.


1985 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, After the season, NFL and pro players
The following Nebraska players who participated in the 1985 season later moved on to the next level and joined a professional or semi-pro team as draftees or free agents.


1985 Nemzeti Bajnokság I (women's handball)
The 1985 Nemzeti Bajnokság I is the 35th season of the Nemzeti Bajnokság I, Hungary's premier Handball league.


1985 Nemzeti Bajnokság I (women's handball), Final list
* M: Matches W: Win D: Drawn L: Lost G+: Goals earned G-: Goals got P: Point


1985 Nepal bombings
A series of coordinated bomb blasts occurred on 20 June 1985 in Kathmandu and other cities in Nepal. This spate of bomb attacks was the first of its kind in the country. In total, at least eight people (including a Member of Parliament) were killed. Several people were injured.


1985 Nepal bombings, Kathmandu
In Kathmandu bombs went off at the Royal Palace (southern and western gates), the reception hall of Hotel de l'Annapura (owned by the royal family), at the main gate of the National Panchayat Secretariat and Singh Durbar.


1985 Nepal bombings, Other parts of the country
Outside of Kathmandu, bombs detonated in Jhapa, Pokhara, Biratnagar, Janakpur, Birgunj, Mahendranagar, Nepalganj and at Bhairahawa Airport.


1985 Nepal bombings, Aftermath
Two exiled groups claimed responsibility for the bombings. One of the groups claiming responsibility was the Nepal Janabadi Morcha of Ram Raja Prasad Singh.


1985 Nepal bombings, Aftermath
In the aftermath of the bombings mass arrests took place (according to one source some 1,400 people were arrested). Singh and Laxman Prasad Singh were sentenced to death in absentia; Khema Raj Mayalu was sentenced to life imprisonment. Five other NJM leaders were caught and died in custody. The government launched a new strict criminal law in response to the bombings, the Destructive Crimes (Special Control and Punishment) Act. The bombings also prompted the mainstream opposition, the Nepali Congress, to call off its satyagraha (civil disobedience) campaign that had been launched on May 23, 1985. At the time, there were persistent rumours that monarchist hardliners could have been involved in the incidents, in order to discredit the ongoing civil opposition campaign.


1985 Nevada Wolf Pack football team
The 1985 Nevada Wolf Pack football team represented the University of Nevada, Reno during the 1985 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Nevada competed as a member of the Big Sky Conference (BSC). The Wolf Pack were led by tenth-year head coach Chris Ault and played their home games at Mackay Stadium.


1985 Nevada Wolf Pack football team, Previous season
The Wolf Pack finished the 1984 season 7–4 and 5–2 in BSC play to finish in second place.


1985 New Brunswick Liberal Association leadership election
The New Brunswick Liberal Association held a leadership election in 1985 to replace former leader Doug Young, the elected leader would face four-term premier Richard Hatfield in an election expected in 1986. Frank McKenna defeated legislative veteran Ray Frenette, who had served as the party's interim leader until early 1985.


1985 New Caledonian legislative election
Early legislative elections were held in New Caledonia on 29 September 1985. They were called after the 1984 elections had been boycotted by the pro-independence Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) and were marred by violence that continued for several weeks after election day.


1985 New Caledonian legislative election
Following an agreement reached between the French government and pro- and anti-independence groups, New Caledonia was split into four regions, each with its own Assembly, with the members of the four assemblies uniting to form the territorial Congress, which replaced the Territorial Assembly.


1985 New Caledonian legislative election
The FLNKS won a majority in three of the four regional assemblies, with the Caldoche-backed Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (RPCR) won a large majority in the Nouméa  region. However, with the South region having by far the largest population, the RCPR received 61% of the total vote across the territory and won 26 of the 46 seats in Congress, with the FLNKS winning 16.


1985 New Caledonian legislative election, Campaign
Several French prominent politicians visited the territory during the election campaign to support the RPCR, including Jacques Chirac and Francois Leotard of the Rally for the Republic, Jean-Marie Le Pen of the National Front and Gaston Flosse, president of French Polynesia.


1985 New Caledonian legislative election, Conduct
Although election day was violence-free, a bomb was detonated at the Land Office and Office for the Development of the Interior and the Islands in Nouméa on the day before.


1985 New Caledonian legislative election, Aftermath
The regional assemblies convened on 6 October to elect their presidents; Léopold Jorédié (FLNKS) was elected in the Central region, Yeiwéné Yeiwéné (FLNKS) in the Loyalty Islands, Jean-Marie Tjibaou (FLNKS) in North region and Jean Lèques (RPCR) in the South region. Two days later Dick Ukeiwé was elected President of the Congress, defeating Tjibaou by 29 votes to 13.


1985 New England Patriots season
The 1985 New England Patriots season was the franchise's 16th season in the National Football League and 26th overall. The Patriots had a record of eleven wins and five losses and finished tied for second in the AFC East Division. They then became the first team in NFL history ever to advance to the Super Bowl by winning three playoff games on the road, defeating the New York Jets 26–14, the Los Angeles Raiders, 27–20, and the Miami Dolphins 31–14, in the AFC Championship game.


1985 New England Patriots season
The Patriots' win in Miami was their first victory in that stadium since 1966 and while they did defeat Miami on the road in 1969 that game was played in Tampa Bay. The win over the Dolphins in the game has gone down as one of the greatest upsets in NFL history, as the Dolphins were heavily favored.


1985 New England Patriots season
But despite the Patriots' success in the playoffs, they proved unable to compete with the acclaimed 15–1 Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX, losing 10–46 in what was at the time the most lopsided defeat in Super Bowl history. The Patriots were held to a Super Bowl record of just 7 rushing yards and their quarterbacks, Tony Eason and Steve Grogan, were sacked a combined 7 times by the powerful Bears defense.


1985 New England Patriots season
"We couldn't protect the and that was my fault. I couldn't come up with a system to handle the Bears' pass rush," head coach Raymond Berry acknowledged.


1985 New England Patriots season, Schedule, Game summaries, Week 16
After winning against the Bengals, fans stormed the field and tore down the goal posts. Fans proceeded to walk down Route 1 with the goalposts, accidentally hitting an overhead wire and nearly electrocuting themselves.


1985 New England Patriots season, Postseason, Wild Card
This was only the second postseason win in Patriots history, and the first since 1963.


1985 New England Patriots season, Postseason, Conference Championship
In the 1986 AFC Championship Game, the Patriots ran the ball on 59 out of 71 offensive plays, amassing 255 rushing yards in an upset of the favored Dolphins.


1985 New Hampshire Wildcats football team
The 1985 New Hampshire Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented the University of New Hampshire as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1985 NCAA Division I-AA football season. In its 14th year under head coach Bill Bowes, the team compiled a 6–4 record (2–3 against conference opponents) and tied for third place out of six teams in the Yankee Conference.


1985 New Jersey General Assembly election
The 1985 New Jersey General Assembly election will be held on November 5, 1985.


1985 New Jersey General Assembly election
The elections coincided with Governor Tom Kean's landslide re-election. The result was a historic victory for Kean's Republican Party, which gained 14 seats to retake the majority in the Assembly. As of 2021, this remains the only election since 1973 in which Republicans won any seats in the Senate or Assembly from Hudson County, where they carried four of six seats.


1985 New Jersey General Assembly election, Summary of races
Voters in each legislative district elect two members to the New Jersey General Assembly.


1985 New Jersey gubernatorial election
The 1985 New Jersey gubernatorial election was a race for Governor of New Jersey held on November 5, 1985. Incumbent Republican Governor Thomas Kean sought reelection for a second term following his 1797-vote win in the 1981 election. Kean's 40-point landslide victory against the Democratic candidate, Essex County Executive Peter Shapiro, is the largest plurality in terms of percentage and raw votes in all modern New Jersey gubernatorial elections. Kean won 564 out of 567 municipalities (losing only Audubon Park, Chesilhurst, and Roosevelt) and his coattails led the Republicans to win the General Assembly with a 50-seat majority. To date, Kean is the last Republican to win Essex and Hudson counties in a statewide election.


1985 New Jersey gubernatorial election
Kean also won a 62% majority among African-American voters. As of 2021, this is the last New Jersey gubernatorial election won by someone of the same party as the incumbent president.


1985 New Jersey gubernatorial election, Republican primary, Results
Incumbent Governor Thomas Kean was unopposed in the Republican primary election.


1985 New Jersey gubernatorial election, General election, Campaign
Kean was riding on high popularity ratings from voters on account of the good economic situation of the state in the 1980s including a surplus in the state budget.


1985 New Jersey gubernatorial election, General election, Campaign
His efforts to aid depressed cities through Urban Enterprise Zones and reaching out to groups not typically associated with the Republicans including African Americans and labor unions led to endorsements from black ministers, Coretta Scott King, the AFL–CIO, and The New York Times.


1985 New Jersey gubernatorial election, General election, Campaign
Shapiro ran on a platform of reducing car insurance rates, the state's high property taxes, and improvement of the environment but his struggles of fundraising due to New Jersey being located in two expensive media markets (New York City and Philadelphia) and Kean's momentum left his campaign little-received.


1985 New Mexico Lobos football team
The 1985 New Mexico Lobos football team was an American football team that represented the University of New Mexico in the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) during the 1985 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their third season under head coach Joe Lee Dunn, the Lobos compiled a 3–8 record (2–6 against WAC opponents) and were outscored by a total of 415 to 289.


1985 New Mexico Lobos football team
The team's statistical leaders included Billy Rucker with 2,475 passing yards, Willie Turral with 800 rushing yards and 84 points scored, and Terance Mathis with 852 receiving yards.


1985 New Mexico State Aggies football team
The 1985 New Mexico State Aggies football team was an American football team that represented New Mexico State University in the Pacific Coast Athletic Association during the 1985 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their third year under head coach Fred Zechman, the Aggies compiled a 1–10 record. The team played its home games at Aggie Memorial Stadium in Las Cruces, New Mexico.


1985 New Orleans Saints season
The 1985 New Orleans Saints season was the Saints 19th season.


1985 New Orleans Saints season
The offseason began with rampant rumors the franchise was on its way out of town. Original owner John W. Mecom Jr. was anxious to sell the team, and he threatened to move to Jacksonville, Florida if no suitable owner could be found.


1985 New Orleans Saints season
In May, local car magnate Tom Benson stepped up and pledged to meet Mecom's asking price of $70 million. Mecom and Benson sat down with Louisiana governor Edwin W. Edwards and hammered out a deal, which was finalized May 31. Prior to the sale to Benson, businessman Abram Nicholas Pritzker attempted to purchase the team, but he could not meet Mecom's asking price, and Edwards was unable to secure a loan from the Louisiana Legislature to assist Pritzker.


1985 New Orleans Saints season
Benson moved training camp from Vero Beach, Florida to Louisiana Tech University in Ruston. The team quickly brought in local legend and United States Football League standout Bobby Hebert to compete with Richard Todd and Dave Wilson for the starting quarterback position. Hebert won the position late in the season and started the final five games.


1985 New Orleans Saints season
Coach Bum Phillips offered to resign when Benson completed his purchase, but Benson declined the offer. The season got off to a disastrous start, as the Saints were routed 47–27 at home by the Kansas City Chiefs, and an angry woman poured a cup of beer on Phillips as he exited the field. The Saints won three consecutive games following a week two loss at Denver, but the season quickly turned sour, thanks to a six-game losing streak that dropped the club to 3-8.


1985 New Orleans Saints season
One day after winning at Minnesota to end the skid, Phillips resigned. His son, defensive coordinator Wade Phillips, took over as interim coach for the final four games. The Saints won their first game under the younger Phillips, routing the eventual NFC West champion Los Angeles Rams 29-3, but losses to the Cardinals, 49ers and Falcons ended the year on another glum note.


1985 New Orleans Saints season
The Saints finished with a non-winning record for the nineteenth time in as many seasons, going 5–11. Benson promised big changes following the campaign, which he delivered upon.


1985 New Orleans Saints season, Notable events
On opening day, quarterback Dave Wilson set the unwanted record of completing only two of twenty-two passes: the lowest pass completion percent in an NFL game for any quarterback with a double figure total of attempts.


1985 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1985 were appointments by most of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries, and honorary ones to citizens of other countries. They were announced on 31 December 1984 to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1985 in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Barbados, Mauritius, Fiji, the Bahamas, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Christopher and Nevis.


1985 New Year Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1985 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The 1985 New Year Honours in New Zealand were appointments by Elizabeth II on the advice of the New Zealand government to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. The awards celebrated the passing of 1984 and the beginning of 1985, and were announced on 31 December 1984.


1985 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.


1985 New York City Marathon
The 1985 New York City Marathon was the 16th edition of the New York City Marathon and took place in New York City on 27 October.


1985 New York City mayoral election
The New York City mayoral election of 1985 occurred on Tuesday, November 5, 1985, with Democratic incumbent Mayor Ed Koch being re-elected to a third term by a landslide margin.


1985 New York City mayoral election
Koch received an overwhelming 78.02% of the vote citywide. Koch also swept all five boroughs by landslide margins, breaking 70% of the vote in Manhattan and Queens and breaking 80% of the vote in Brooklyn, the Bronx, and Staten Island.


1985 New York City mayoral election
Koch's closest competitor was the Liberal Party nominee, New York City Council President Carol Bellamy, who received 10.20% of the vote. Finishing in a distant third was the Republican nominee, Diane McGrath, who received 9.14% of the vote.


1985 New York City mayoral election
Koch defeated his nearest competitor by a landslide 67.82% Democratic margin of victory and was sworn into his third and final term in January 1986. As of 2020, this is the most recent mayoral election in which a Democrat carried Staten Island.


1985 New York City mayoral election
Al Vann and Herman Badillo tried to unite the Black and Puerto Rican communities but were thwarted by the Gang of Four, "But in a move that shocked Vann, the so-called “Gang of Four” from Harlem–Charles Rangel, David Dinkins, Basil Paterson and Percy Sutton–broke ranks and put forth their own candidate for mayor, Harlem Assemblyman Herman “Denny” Farrell, a dark horse if ever there was one. They argued that a black group like the Coalition for a Just New York should support a black candidate, not a Puerto Rican. Badillo bitterly withdrew from consideration. Farrell lost badly in the primary."


1985 New York City mayoral election, Results
The Koch vote include 862,226 Democratic and 6,034 Independent votes. The McGrath vote was 79,508 Republican and 22,160 Conservative. Other vote was: Yehuda Levin - Right to Life - 14,517; Lenora Fulani - New Alliance - 7,597;Jarvis Tyner - People Before Profits - 3,370; Andrea Gonzalez - Socialist Workers - 1,677; Gilbert DiLucia - Coalition - 1,135; Marjorie Stanberg - Spartacist - 1,101; Scattered - 9


1985 New York City mayoral election, Results
Koch won the Democratic Primary: Koch-436,151 64.0%; Bellamy - 127,690 18.7%; Denny Farrell - 89,845 13.2%; DiLucia - 11, 627 1.7%; Fred Newman - 8,584 1.2%;Judah Rubenstein - 8,057 1.2%


1985 New York Film Critics Circle Awards
The 51st New York Film Critics Circle Awards honored the best filmmaking of 1985. The winners were announced on December 18, 1985, and the awards were given on January 26, 1986.


1985 New York Giants season
The 1985 New York Giants season was the franchise’s 61st season in the National Football League. The Giants entered the season looking to improve on their 9–7 record in 1984, which was enough to qualify the team for the playoffs as the second wild-card team, and to return to the playoffs for the second consecutive year under third-year head coach Bill Parcells.


1985 New York Giants season
The Giants managed to do both, finishing with ten victories for the first time since 1963 when the team won eleven games and finishing as the first wild-card team which earned the Giants a home playoff game at Giants Stadium. They defeated the San Francisco 49ers 17–3 in that game, avenging their loss to the 49ers in the previous year's divisional playoffs. However, it was as far as the Giants could get as they were defeated by eventual Super Bowl champion Chicago Bears in the divisional round at Soldier Field 21–0.


1985 New York Giants season
Bill Parcells stated in "America's Game: 1986 Giants" about the game the Giants played against the Bears in the playoffs that "an honest evaluation of it, we could have probably beat that team one out of ten times. But that day was one of the days that that could have happened." At the time, the team set a record for most rushing yards in one season by a Giants team.


1985 New York Giants season, Regular season
In a game against the Washington Redskins, Joe Theismann's career ended on November 18, 1985, when he suffered a gruesome comminuted compound fracture of his leg while being sacked by New York Giants linebackers Lawrence Taylor and Harry Carson during a Monday Night Football game telecast. The injury was voted the NFL's "Most Shocking Moment in History" by viewers in an ESPN poll, and the tackle was dubbed "The Hit That No One Who Saw It Can Ever Forget" by The Washington Post.


1985 New York Giants season, Regular season
At the time, the Redskins had been attempting to run a "flea-flicker" play. The Giants' defense, however, was not fooled, and they tried to blitz Theismann. Taylor sandwiched Theismann into Carson and inadvertently landed his hip on Theismann's lower right leg, fracturing both the tibia and the fibula.


1985 New York Giants season, Playoffs, Wild Card
Even though the 49ers recorded 362 yards of total offense, with receiver Dwight Clark catching 8 passes for 120 yards, the Giants limited San Francisco to only one field goal. Meanwhile, New York running back Joe Morris rushed for 141 yards.


1985 New York Giants season, Playoffs, Divisional
The Giants lost to the eventual Super Bowl champion Chicago Bears.


1985 New York Jets season
The 1985 New York Jets season was the 26th season for the team and the 16th in the National Football League. It began with the team trying to improve upon its 7–9 record from 1984 under head coach Joe Walton. Among quarterbacks, Ken O'Brien had the lowest rate of interceptions, with only eight interceptions in 488 passing attempts. The Jets finished the season with a record of 11–5, qualifying for the top Wild Card spot in the playoffs.


1985 New York Jets season
On October 14, during a Monday Night Halftime ceremony, the Jets retired Joe Namath's number 12, and helped inspire the Jets to a 23–7 victory over the Dolphins. In the playoffs, they fell at home to the division rival, and eventual AFC champion New England Patriots in the Wild Card round.


1985 New York Mets season
The New York Mets' 1985 season was the 24th regular season for the Mets. They went 98–64 and finished 2nd in the NL East. They were managed by Davey Johnson. They played their home games at Shea Stadium.


1985 New York Mets season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1985 New York Mets season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games Played; GS = Games Started; CG = Complete Games; SHO = Shutouts; IP = Innings Pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned Run Average; SO = Strikeouts


1985 New York Yankees season
The New York Yankees' 1985 season was the 83rd season for the Yankees. The team only played 161 games, came in second place in the American League Eastern Division with a record of 97-64, and finished 2 games behind the Toronto Blue Jays. New York was managed by Yogi Berra and Billy Martin. The Yankees played at Yankee Stadium.


1985 New York Yankees season, Regular season
Henderson also scored 146 runs. It was the most in the Major Leagues since Ted Williams scored 150 runs in 1949. In addition, Rickey Henderson became the first player since Lou Gehrig in 1936 to amass more runs in a season than games played.


1985 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = position; G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1985 New Zealand NBL season
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by WOSlinkerBot (talk | contribs) at 21:04, 20 June 2020 (remove un-needed options from tables). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1985 New Zealand NBL season
The 1985 NBL season was the fourth season of the National Basketball League. Two new teams entered the league in 1985, expanding the number of teams from eight to ten. 1984 Conference Basketball League (CBL) champions New Plymouth were promoted to the NBL for the 1985 season, while 1984 CBL runners-up Palmerston North were readmitted to the league after being demoted following their last place finish in 1982.


1985 New Zealand NBL season
The mid-1980s was considered the league's halcyon period, with Auckland, Canterbury and Wellington the benchmark teams. The 1985 Final was one of the league's most memorable, with Wellington and Auckland facing off against each other for the third straight year. The game was televised live and most were expecting Auckland to revenge their 1984 defeat after garnering two 20-point wins over Wellington during the regular season. The game was a thriller, having to be sent into overtime after the scores were locked at 100 a piece after four quarters. Saints legend Kenny McFadden went on to hit the winning three-point shot at the buzzer in the extra period to claim a 114–111 win and back-to-back championships.


1985 New Zealand National Soccer League
The 1985 New Zealand National Soccer League was the 16th season of a nationwide round-robin club competition in New Zealand football. Wellington Diamond United finished as champions, three points clear of 1984 title-holders Gisborne City.


1985 New Zealand National Soccer League, Promotion and relegation
Auckland University finished last in the 1984 league, and took part in a play-off with the winners of the northern, central, and southern leagues (Hamilton, Stop Out, and Rangers respectively). Auckland University were victorious, becoming the first relegated side to instantly regain their place. The 1985 league was thus the first one to contain an identical starting line-up to the previous season's competition.


1985 New Zealand National Soccer League, Team performance
Though the starting line-up for the 1985 league was identical to the previous season, the finishing positions were considerably different. Wellington Diamond United, playing under that name for the final time, climbed from the previous season's mid-table position to finish top. It started the season poorly, but had an excellent run of results near the end of the season to climb into the leading position. The team was the most youthful to win the title to this point, with an average age of just 23.


1985 New Zealand National Soccer League, Team performance
They edged out playing-through champions Gisborne City who were leading at the half-way stage but saw that followed by a slump featuring three home losses. Hanimex North Shore United greatly improved on their 1984 form to finish third, having taken over the lead from Gisborne but being unable to hold on to it as the season drew to a close. Mount Wellington also improved on the previous season's efforts, but were draw-prone at home costing them a higher finishing position.


1985 New Zealand National Soccer League, Team performance
Miramar Rangers continued to be entrenched in the middle of the table, its fifth placing being the fifth time in a row that it had not finished in the top or bottom four. Their position was the result of a late season rally after a 10-game winless run had left them close to the bottom of the table. Sixth-placed Nelson United's season was rescued by its mid-season form. It had a poor start and end to the season, but between these won nine of eleven games. Nelson were followed by Auckland University.


1985 New Zealand National Soccer League, Team performance
The previous season's bottom-placed side boasted a radically changed squad, with only three members playing in both seasons, and the team showed a steady, if not brilliant, improvement. Dunedin City rounded out the top eight  with an inconsistent season. Towards the end of the come=petition they were in the top four, but they only won one of their last five games and slipped back down the table.


1985 New Zealand National Soccer League, Team performance
A dramatic mid-season slump saw Christchurch United slip to an unlikely ninth place. An inability to find goals was compensated for by a sturdy defence, but that alone was not enough to see the team into the top half of the table. Below them came 1983 champions Manurewa, who suffered a crippling start to the season with just one win from its first eight matches, and never recovered. Papatoetoe's fall from grace was still more noteworthy. Two top three finishes in 1983 and 1984 were followed by an eleventh place showing in 1985.


1985 New Zealand National Soccer League, Team performance
The team was unlucky, suffering a series of narrow losses, and actually scored more goals than in either of the previous two seasons, finishing with a goal difference of just -1. Last place went to Napier City Rovers, who remained rooted to the bottom of the table with a poor first half to the season. Even a late rally didn't save the club, though its position belied its abilities. It managed to achieve the unusual double of relegation from the national league and a win in the Chatham Cup in the same season.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season
The 1985 New Zealand rugby league season was the 78th season of rugby league that had been played in New Zealand.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
New Zealand lost a series to Australia 1-2, however the win, 18-0 at Carlaw Park, counted towards the 1988 World Cup. New Zealand were coached by Graham Lowe and included; Dean Bell, Riki Cowan, Mark Elia, Olsen Filipaina, Clayton Friend, captain Mark Graham, Gary Kemble, James Leuluai, Hugh McGahan, Dane O'Hara, Gary Prohm, Joe Ropati, Kurt Sorensen, Howie and Kevin Tamati and Owen Wright.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
Australia defeated the South Island 56-0 at the Addington Showgrounds. They then recorded wins against Central Districts, 24-4, and Northern Districts, 52-6. Auckland then lost to Australia 10-50 in front of 15,000 fans at Carlaw Park.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
The Kiwis then toured Great Britain and France. They drew the series with Great Britain 1-all, drawing the World Cup match, and defeated France 2-0, securing the World Cup win. Graham Lowe was the coach of the Kiwis, who included; Fred Ah Kuoi, Dean Bell, Riki Cowan, third Great Britain Test captain Olsen Filipaina, Clayton Friend, tour captain Mark Graham, Gary Kemble, James Leuluai, first French Test captain Hugh McGahan, Dane O'Hara, Gary Prohm, Dane and Kurt Sorensen, Sam Stewart, Howie and Kevin Tamati, Graeme West, Shane Cooper, Wayne Wallace, Darrell Williams, James Goulding and Owen Wright.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
St. Helens toured the country, losing to Canterbury 24-30. Manukau defeated St Helens 26-10.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
Mark Graham won the New Zealand Rugby League's player of the year award.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Rugby League Cup
Canterbury held the Rugby League Cup at the end of the season. Earlier in the year Taranaki defeated Wellington to capture the trophy before themselves losing it to Canterbury 22-16 who were on a North Island tour where they also defeated Waikato and Wellington. Canterbury then drew with Auckland 22-all in front of 5,000 on 21 May and the West Coast 16-all and defeated Wellington 10-4 in Rugby League Cup challenges. The West Coast was also defeated 24-12 in a non-challenge match.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Rugby League Cup
Canterbury were coached by Ray Haffenden and included Barry Edkins, Robin Alfeld, Marty Crequer, Wayne Wallace, Ross Taylor, Adrian Shelford, Brent Todd, Phil Bancroft and captain David Field.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Inter-district competition
Auckland won the Inter-Districts competition on count back after they drew 12-all with the South Island at Wingham Park.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Inter-district competition
Auckland were coached by Bob Bailey and included Mark Elia, Joe Ropati, Nick Wright, Mark Bourneville, Darrell Williams, Paddy Tuimavave, captain Ron O'Regan, Kelly Shelford, Ricky Cowan, Frank Tinitelia, James Goulding, Dean Lonergan, Ian Bell and Sam Panapa.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Inter-district competition
The South Island included Robin Alfeld, Marty Crequer, David Field, Glen Gibb, Wayne Wallace, Ross Taylor, Adrian Shelford, Brent Stuart and Barry Edkins.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, National Club competition
Manukau won the Tusk Cup, defeating Randwick 34-13 to claim the $15,000 prize. It was the third consecutive final Randwick had lost. Manukau had defeated defending champions Mount Albert 24-10 in a semifinal.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, Australasian competition
Auckland were eliminated in Round one of the National Panasonic Cup when they lost 32-10 to the Western Suburbs Magpies at Leichhardt Oval.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Mt Albert won the Auckland Rugby League's Fox Memorial Trophy and the Stormont Shield. They defeated Manukau 24-19 in the Fox Memorial Grand Final. Manukau won the Rukutai Shield, Roope Rooster and Kiwi Shield. Glenora won the Sharman Cup and Lawson Cup in division two while Richmond won division three's Norton Cup.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Dean Lonergan (City-Newton) won the Best and Fairest award. Michael Patton won the Lipscombe Cup for Mangere East, Shane Cooper won the Rothville Trophy, James Goulding (forward) from Richmond and Kelly Shelford (back) from Manukau won the Bert Humphries Memorial Medals. Joe Ropati from Otahuhu won the Tetley Trophy, Kevin Hughes from Te Atatu won the Painter Rosebowl Trophy and Cameron Bell won the Hyland Memorial Cup for Manukau as coach of the year.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Mark Bourneville and Paddy Tuimavave played for Mount Albert while Manukau were coached by Cameron Bell and included Paul and Hitro Okesene, Dean and Ian Bell, Clayton Friend and Nick Wright.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Canterbury
Halswell won the Canterbury Rugby League's Pat Smith Challenge Trophy in its 25th season.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Canterbury
Marty Crequer and Adrian Shelford played for Hornby while Phil Bancroft played for Halswell.


1985 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Other Competitions
The Waitara Bears defeated Western Suburbs 50-12 in the Taranaki Rugby League grand final.


1985 New Zealand rugby union tour of Argentina
The 1985 New Zealand rugby union tour of Argentina was a series of matches played in October and November 1985 in Argentina by New Zealand national rugby union team.


1985 New Zealand rugby union tour of Argentina
The national side played 7 matches, with 6 won and 1 draw in the second test v. Argentina, when fly-half Hugo Porta scored 21 points (four penalties and three drop goals) for Argentina. Porta would be named "the best fly-half of the world" at the end of that year.


1985 New Zealand rugby union tour of Argentina
The All Blacks were an extraordinary team. I was a very close friend of several players because of having faced them before and some matches disputed in New Zealand with invited combined teams. They had a mixture of experienced and young players that would later take part of that fabulous team that won the 1987 Rugby World Cup. Their style of playing was different from the Europeans, with a dominant presence and less improvisation


1985 Newfoundland general election
The 1985 Newfoundland general election was held on 2 April 1985 to elect members of the 40th General Assembly of Newfoundland. It was won by the Progressive Conservative party under Premier Brian Peckford.


1985 Newfoundland general election, Further reading
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1985 Newfoundland general election, Further reading
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1985 Newry and Mourne District Council election
Elections to Newry and Mourne District Council were held on 15 May 1985 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used five district electoral areas to elect a total of 30 councillors.


1985 Newry and Mourne District Council election, Districts results, Crotlieve
1985: 4 x SDLP, 2 x UUP, 1 x Independent Nationalist


1985 Newry and Mourne District Council election, Districts results, Newry Town
1985: 4 x SDLP, 1 x Sinn Féin, 1 x IIP, 1 x UUP


1985 Newry and Mourne District Council election, Districts results, The Fews
1985: 3 x SDLP, 2 x UUP, 1 x Sinn Féin


1985 Newry and Mourne District Council election, Districts results, The Mournes
1985: 2 x UUP, 1 x SDLP, 1 x DUP, 1 x Sinn Féin


1985 Newry mortar attack
On 28 February 1985, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) launched a heavy mortar attack on the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) base at Corry Square in Newry, County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The attack killed nine RUC officers and injured almost 40 others; the highest death toll ever suffered by the RUC. Afterwards, a major building scheme was begun to give police and military bases better protection from such attacks.


1985 Newry mortar attack, Background
In the early 1970s, after the onset of the Troubles, the Provisional IRA launched a campaign aimed at forcing the British to withdraw from Northern Ireland.


1985 Newry mortar attack, Background
The IRA—particularly its South Armagh Brigade—had repeatedly attacked the British Army and RUC with home-made mortars, but with limited success. Between 1973 and early 1978 a total of 71 mortar attacks were recorded, but none caused direct British Army or RUC deaths. There were only two deadly mortar attacks before 1985. The first was on 19 March 1979, when Private Peter Woolmore of the Queen's Regiment was killed in a mortar attack on Newtownhamilton British Army base. The second was on 12 November 1983, when an RUC officer was killed and several hurt in a mortar attack on Carrickmore RUC base.


1985 Newry mortar attack, Attack
The attack was jointly planned by members of the South Armagh Brigade and an IRA unit in Newry. The homemade mortar launcher, dubbed the 'Mark 10', was bolted on to the back of a Ford lorry that had been hijacked in Crossmaglen.


1985 Newry mortar attack, Attack
Shortly after 6.30 pm on 28 February, nine shells were launched from the lorry, which had been parked on Monaghan Street, about 250 yards (230 m) from the base. At least one 50 lb shell landed on a portacabin containing a canteen, where many officers were having their evening tea break. Nine police officers were killed and 37 people were hurt, including 25 civilian police employees; the highest death toll inflicted on the RUC in its history. The nine dead officers ranged in age from 19 to 41, seven male and two female, seven Protestants and two Catholics. Another shell hit the observation tower, while the rest landed inside and outside the perimeter of the base.


1985 Newry mortar attack, Aftermath
The day was dubbed "Bloody Thursday" by the British press. British prime minister Margaret Thatcher called the attack "barbaric", while Ireland's Taoiseach, Garret FitzGerald, said it was "cruel and cynical", and pledged the help of the Irish security forces to catch those responsible. Although not involved in the attack, Newry IRA member Eamon Collins was arrested shortly afterwards and interrogated. After five days of questioning, Collins broke under interrogation and turned supergrass, leading to more than a dozen arrests of other IRA members. The attack prompted calls from unionist politicians to "increase security", and the British government launched a multi-million pound programme of construction to protect bases from similar attacks. This involved installing reinforced roofs and building blast-deflecting walls around the base of buildings.


1985 Newry mortar attack, Aftermath
After the successful attack in Newry, the IRA carried out a further nine mortar attacks in 1985. On 4 September, an RUC training centre in Enniskillen was attacked; 30 cadets narrowly escaped death due to poor intelligence-gathering by the IRA unit responsible. The cadets were expected to be in bed sleeping, but were instead eating breakfast when the bombs landed. In November 1986, the IRA launched another attack on the RUC base in Newry, but the bombs fell short of their target and landed on houses. A four-year-old Catholic girl was badly wounded and another 38 people were hurt, prompting the IRA to admit that "this incident left us open to justified criticism".


1985 Newry mortar attack, Aftermath
Beginning in the 1990s, operations at the Corry Square base were progressively shifted to a new facility on the outskirts of Newry. The base was closed in 2002, and a park occupies the site today.


1985 Newtownabbey Borough Council election
Elections to Newtownabbey Borough Council were held on 15 May 1985 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used five district electoral areas to elect a total of 25 councillors.


1985 Newtownabbey Borough Council election, Districts results, Antrim Line
1985: 2 x UUP, 2 x DUP, 1 x Alliance


1985 Newtownabbey Borough Council election, Districts results, Ballyclare
1985: 2 x Independent Unionist, 1 x UUP, 1 x DUP, 1 x Independent


1985 Newtownabbey Borough Council election, Districts results, Doagh Road
1985: 2 x UUP, 2 x DUP, 1 x Newtownabbey Labour


1985 Newtownabbey Borough Council election, Districts results, Shore Road
1985: 2 x UUP, 2 x DUP, 1 x Alliance


1985 Nice International Open
The 1985 Nice International Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Nice Lawn Tennis Club in Nice, France, and was part of the 1985 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the 14th edition of the tournament and was held from 9 April through 14 April 1985. Fifth-seeded Henri Leconte won the singles title.


1985 Nice International Open, Finals, Doubles
Claudio Panatta /  Pavel Složil defeated  Loïc Courteau /  Guy Forget 3–6, 6–3, 8–6


1985 Nicholls State Colonels football team
The 1985 Nicholls State Colonels football team represented Nicholls State University in the 1985 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Colonels were led by fifth-year head coach Sonny Jackson. They played their home games at John L. Guidry Stadium and were a member of the Gulf Star Conference. They finished the season 6–5, 2–3 in Gulf Star play.


1985 Nigerian coup d'état
The 1985 Nigerian coup d'état was a military coup which took place in Nigeria on 27 August 1985 when a faction of mid-level Armed Forces officers, led by the Chief of Army Staff General Ibrahim Babangida, overthrew the government of Major General Muhammadu Buhari (who himself took power in the 1983 coup d'état). Buhari was then detained in Benin City until 1988. Babangida justified the coup by saying that Buhari failed to deal with the country's economic problems by implementing Buharism, and promised "to rejuvenate the economy ravaged by decades of government mismanagement and corruption". Babangida then replaced the ruling Supreme Military Council (SMC) with a new Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC), which lasted until 1993. The regime survived a coup attempt in 1990.


1985 Nippon Professional Baseball season
The 1985 Nippon Professional Baseball season was the 36th season of operation for the league.


1985 Nordic Figure Skating Championships
The 1985 Nordic Figure Skating Championships were held from February 14 through 17, 1985 in Copenhagen, Denmark. The competition was open to elite figure skaters from Nordic countries. Skaters competed in two disciplines, men's singles and ladies' singles across two levels: senior (Olympic-level) and junior.


1985 North American cold wave
The 1985 North America cold wave was a meteorological event, the result of the shifting of the polar vortex farther south than is normally seen. Blocked from its normal movement, polar air from the north pushed into nearly every section of the central and eastern half of the United States and Canada, shattering record lows in a number of areas. The event was preceded by unusually warm weather in the eastern U.S. in December 1984, suggesting that there was a build-up of cold air that was suddenly released from the Arctic, a meteorological event known as a mobile polar high, a weather process identified by Professor Marcel Leroux.


1985 North American cold wave, Meteorological synopsis
From Sunday, January 20, to Tuesday, January 22, 1985, the polar vortex, coupled with a large ridge of high pressure, moved polar air into the United States as far south as Arizona, Texas, and northern Florida. Unlike most cold-air systems, a pattern of self-modification did not immediately occur; i.e., seasonable temperatures were absent for a number of days, a rarity in forecasting.


1985 North American cold wave, Meteorological synopsis
The Arctic air mass started moving into the United States on the evening of January 19 and the morning of January 20. In Chicago, a record low of −27 °F (−33 °C), combined with 25 miles per hour (40 km/h) winds to produce a wind chill of −60 °F (−51 °C). St. Louis saw a low of −18 °F (−28 °C), and Pittsburgh had a low of −18 °F (−28 °C), the coldest morning since 1899.


1985 North American cold wave, Meteorological synopsis
In Cincinnati, the morning temperature of −21 °F (−29 °C) tied for the fourth-lowest minimum temperature in the city's history, outdone by a cold mass the year before and a blizzard in 1977. Cleveland fell to −18 °F (−28 °C), which was at the time a record. Memphis recorded a low of −4 °F (−20 °C), setting a record low for that day. The temperature on January 21 was −24 °F (−31 °C), in Akron, Ohio. On the same day, Mount Washington, NH recorded a low of −28 °F (−33 °C). Virginia's official record low temperature of −30 °F (−34 °C) was also set on this day in Pembroke, VA. Unofficially, a Virginia Tech meteorologist recorded a low of −35 °F (−37 °C) on Mount Rogers, VA. The low for Snowshoe, WV on this date was −36 °F (−38 °C).


1985 North American cold wave, Meteorological synopsis
As the cold air mass moved southeastward, it modified only slightly, resulting in frigid air for most of the Eastern Seaboard starting on the morning of January 21. New York City's Central Park recorded a low of −2 °F (−19 °C), breaking that date's record. Washington National Airport recorded a low of −4 °F (−20 °C) and Washington Dulles Airport a low of −6 °F (−21 °C) on the morning of January 21.


1985 North American cold wave, Meteorological synopsis
Farther south, Roanoke, Virginia, set a record low of −11 °F (−24 °C), and the campus of the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Tennessee, recorded a record low of −24 °F (−31 °C). Tennessee's state capital, Nashville, dropped to −17 °F (−27 °C), while all-time records were set well into interior sections of the deep South, such as −5 °F (−21 °C) in Charlotte; −6 °F (−21 °C) in Macon, Georgia; and 7 °F (−14 °C) in Jacksonville, Florida. A low of 10 °F (−12 °C) in Gainesville, Florida was the coldest since 6 °F (−14 °C) in 1899.


1985 North American cold wave, Meteorological synopsis
Atlanta saw a low of −8 °F (−22 °C), setting a record for the month of January and the 20th century, missing by just one degree the all-time record (since 1878) set in February 1899. Miami, whose average low in late January is 59 °F (15 °C), recorded a record low of 37 °F (3 °C) on the 21st and 34 °F (1 °C) on the 22nd.


1985 North American cold wave, Impact and aftermath
The cold wave brought human fatalities, deaths of wild and domesticated animals, crop losses, and infrastructure damage to homes and municipality and industrial sites. At least 126 deaths were blamed on the cold snap. Some 90 percent of the citrus crop in Florida was destroyed in what the state called the "Freeze of the Century." Florida's citrus industry suffered $1.2 billion in losses ($2.68 billion in 2016 dollars) as a result of the inclement weather.


1985 North American cold wave, Impact and aftermath
The public inauguration of President Ronald Reagan for his second term was held in the Capitol Rotunda instead of outside due to the cold weather, canceling the inaugural parade in the process. Since Inauguration Day fell on a Sunday, Reagan took a private oath on January 20 and the semi-public oath on January 21.


1985 North Carolina Tar Heels football team
The 1985 North Carolina Tar Heels football team represented the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill during the 1985 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Tar Heels were led by eighth-year head coach Dick Crum and played their home games at Kenan Memorial Stadium in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. They competed as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference, finishing in fifth.


1985 North Dakota State Bison football team
The 1985 North Dakota State football team represented North Dakota State University during the 1985 NCAA Division II football season, and completed the 89th season of Bison football. The Bison played their home games at Dacotah Field in Fargo, North Dakota. The 1985 team came off an 11–2 record from the previous season. The 1985 team was led by coach Earle Solomonson. The team finished the regular season with an 8–2–1 record and made the NCAA Division II playoffs. The Bison defeated the North Alabama Lions 35–7 in the National Championship Game en route to the program's second NCAA Division II Football Championship.


1985 North Down Borough Council election
Elections to North Down Borough Council were held on 15 May 1985 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used four district electoral areas to elect a total of 24 councillors.


1985 North Down Borough Council election, Districts results, Abbey
1985: 2 x DUP, 2 x UUP, 1 x Alliance, 1 x UPUP


1985 North Down Borough Council election, Districts results, Ballyholme and Groomsport
1985: 2 x UUP, 2 x Alliance, 1 x DUP, 1 x Independent Unionist


1985 North Down Borough Council election, Districts results, Bangor West
1985: 2 x UUP, 2 x Alliance, 2 x DUP, 1 x UPUP


1985 North Down Borough Council election, Districts results, Holywood
1985: 2 x UUP, 2 x Alliance, 1 x DUP


1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
The 1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was part of the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India.


1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) releases unofficial advisories. An average of five tropical cyclones form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.


1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Systems, Tropical Storm One (1B)
Tropical Storm One, which developed in the central Bay of Bengal on May 22, strengthened to a peak of 70 mph winds before hitting Bangladesh on the 25th. The storm brought torrential rains and flooding, killing around 11,069 people and leaving hundreds of thousands homeless. Advance warning likely cut back on what could have been a much higher death toll.


1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Systems, Tropical Storm Two (2A)
A tropical depression formed in the central Arabian Sea on May 28. It headed northward, reaching a peak of 60 mph winds before hitting western India on the 31st. The storm dissipated on the 1st.


1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Systems, Tropical Storm Three (3B)
Tropical Storm Three, which developed in the central Bay of Bengal, moved northwestward to hit India on the 11th as a 60 mph storm.


1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Systems, Tropical Storm Four (4B)
Tropical Cyclone 04B had a long life. It was first detected on 9 October, almost a week before the initial warning was issued, as an area of poorly organized convection in the South China Sea. The Tropical Disturbance was developing in the active monsoon trough, midway between Tropical Cyclone 03B in the Bay of Bengal, and a disturbance in the Philippine Sea that would soon develop into Typhoon Cecil. 38 people were killed when the 60 mph Tropical Storm Four hit the state of Odisha in India on October 16. Storm surge as high as 2 meters hit the villages of Chilika, Tangi and Krishna Prasad in at the time of landfall which resulted to be submerged for three days.


1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Systems, Tropical Storm Five (5B)
On November 17, 65 mph Tropical Storm Five, which developed on the 13th, hit eastern India. The storm brought heavy flooding, but no damage or deaths were reported.


1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Systems, Tropical Storm Six (6B)
50 mph Tropical Storm Six, having developed on December 9, hit southeastern India on the 13th.


1985 North Korean local elections
Elections to provincial, municipal, city, county and district people's assemblies were held in North Korea on February 24, 1985.


1985 North Korean local elections
In total, 28,793 provincial, municipal, city, county and district people's assembly deputies were elected. Voter turnout was reported as 100%, with candidates receiving a 100% approval rate.


1985 North Tipperary County Council election
An election to North Tipperary County Council took place on 20 June 1985 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 21 councillors were elected from four electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for a six-year term of office.


1985 Northeast Louisiana Indians football team
The 1985 Northeast Louisiana Indians football team was an American football team that represented Northeast Louisiana University (now known as the University of Louisiana at Monroe) as part of the Southland Conference during the 1985 NCAA Division I-AA football season. In their fifth year under head coach Pat Collins, the team compiled a 6–5 record.


1985 Northern Cypriot constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Northern Cyprus on 5 May 1985. The new constitution put forward by the Assembly of the Republic removed the term limits on the President, increased the number of seats in the Assembly from 40 to 50, set details on citizenship, the national flag and the national anthem, and provided for mandatory referendums on changes to the constitution. It was approved by 70.18% of voters.


1985 Northern Cypriot parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Northern Cyprus on 23 June 1985. The National Unity Party remained the largest party in the National Council, winning 24 of the 50 seats.


1985 Northern Cypriot presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Northern Cyprus on 9 June 1985. Rauf Denktaş of the National Unity Party was re-elected with over 70% of the vote.


1985 Northern Illinois Huskies football team
The 1985 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University. The Huskies competed in the highest division of football at the time, Division I-A. They were led by first year head coach Jerry Pettibone and they played their home games at Huskie Stadium.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections
Elections for local government were held in Northern Ireland on 15 May 1985, contesting 565 seats in all.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Background, 1981 elections
The previous elections had been fought in the middle of the hunger strike and the H-Block Prison Protest. Those elections had shown changes in party representation, with three parties, namely the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) and the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), winning 75% of the seats. On the Unionist side, the DUP arrived at a position of near parity with the UUP, outpolling the latter by 851 votes, although the UUP managed to win more seats overall.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Background, 1981 elections
Other changes on the Unionist side saw the disbandment of two smaller Unionist parties: the Unionist Party of Northern Ireland in September 1981 and the United Ulster Unionist Party in May 1984. On the nationalist side, while the SDLP maintained its dominant position, a greater number of elected candidates supporting the H-Block protest were elected. In total 36 candidates endorsed by the H-Block committee were elected of whom 21 belonged to the Irish Independence Party. The representation of the centrist Alliance Party was almost halved as their number of seats was reduced from 70 in 1977 to 38 in 1981.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Background, Northern Ireland Assembly and New Ireland Forum
Following the end of the Hunger Strike, attention focused on attempts by the new Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Jim Prior, to restore devolution. This eventually led to the establishment of the Northern Ireland Assembly which was elected in October 1982. However nationalist parties boycotted the forum and the SDLP instead threw its efforts into the New Ireland Forum. This forum, established in May 1983, reported in May 1984 and represented the combined efforts of the nationalist parties to obtain a solution to the constitutional issue. However the report was rejected by British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher who rejected each of the three proposals with the words "that is out" in a response that became known as the "out, out, out" speech.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Background, Sinn Féin
The entry into electoral politics of Sinn Féin (SF) became a significant issue in the run up to the elections. SF polled over 10% in the 1982 Assembly election, winning five seats. At the 1983 Westminster election, the party increased their vote share to 13.4% and maintained that level of support in the 1984 European election.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Background, Sinn Féin
The party won their first council seat in a by-election in March 1983, with Seamus Kerr polling 60% in Omagh 'Area D' This was followed by the election of Alex Maskey and Sean McKnight to Belfast City Council in June 1983 and February 1984 respectively. In Dungannon and Fermanagh, independent councillors Seamus Cassidy and John Joe McCusker joined SF.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Background, Sinn Féin
Prior's successor as Secretary of State, Douglas Hurd, refused to ban SF and also rejected calls by unionists for an anti-violence declaration to be signed by all candidates.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Background, Rates
The expansion of services, particularly leisure began to have an impact in rates at a time when the Rate Support Grant was being cut. The grant was reduced by 1% in 1985. Belfast Leisure Services in particular accounted for 22.7% of the City budget. Rates overall had risen by 8% in the financial year from 1984 to 1985, a figure above the rate of inflation and resulted in the cancellation of a proposed ice rink in Belfast, while that in Bangor had to receive private funding. Since the 1980–1981 financial year, rates had risen by 51.7% ranging from a 17.9% rise in Castlereagh to 80% rises in Omagh and Newry and Mourne.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Legislation, Boundaries
The Local Government (N.I.) Act 1972, Section 50 (1) required a review of local government boundaries and electoral areas in 1981, however it was not until 28 October 1982 that Prior reappointed Sir F. Harrison, who had conducted the previous review in 1971 and 1972. Provisional recommendations were published on 20 May 1983. These led to additional representations and nineteen public hearings before revised recommendations were published on 18 January 1984. Following six further public hearings, the final report was sent to the Secretary of State on 29 May 1984.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Legislation, Boundaries
The report recommended no change in the number of councils or their names. The number of wards was increased from 526 to 566. Moyle was the only council to lose a ward.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Legislation, Boundaries
With the wards drawn the government decided that a new procedure would be used to group them together to form District Electoral Areas (DEA). In 1972 the wards had been grouped together into areas of four to eight wards with each area electing a number of councillors equal to the number of wards that it contained. This had been done by the Chief Electoral Officer, a fact that had been criticised for potentially affecting his impartiality.


1985 Northern Ireland local elections, Legislation, Boundaries
The District Electoral Areas Commissioner (N.I.) Order was laid before Parliament on 15 December 1983. This provided for the appointment of a commissioner and set him the task of creating electoral areas containing five to seven members. These were to have names rather than an alphabetic designation as before. The debate over the Order in January and February 1984 centred on the merits of STV, the narrower number of councillors in each DEA and the names issue. Unionists argued for DEAs electing four to six councillors.


1985 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum
A 44-part constitutional referendum was held in the Northern Mariana Islands on 3 November 1985.


1985 Northern Mariana Islands constitutional referendum, Background
In 1983 a referendum on electing a Constitutional Convention was held and approved by voters. The subsequent Convention proposed 44 amendments to the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Constitution, which were to be voted on individually. In order to pass, an amendment was required to be supported by both a majority of voters overall and at least two-thirds of voters in two of the three Senate constituencies.


1985 Northumberland County Council election
Local elections to Northumberland County Council, a county council in the north east of England, were held on 2 May 1985. The Labour Party lost overall control of the council, which fell under no overall control.


1985 Northwestern Wildcats football team
The 1985 Northwestern Wildcats team represented Northwestern University during the 1985 Big Ten Conference football season. In their fifth year under head coach Dennis Green, the Wildcats compiled a 3–8 record (1–7 against Big Ten Conference opponents) and finished in a tie for last place in the Big Ten Conference.


1985 Northwestern Wildcats football team
The team's offensive leaders were quarterback Mike Greenfield with 2,152 passing yards, Stanley Davenport with 598 rushing yards, and Curtis Duncan with 498 receiving yards.


1985 Norwegian Football Cup
Lillestrøm  won the Norwegian Cup after beating Vålerenga 4–1 on 20 October 1985. The goal scorer for Lillestrøm was André Krogsæter, who scored four times, in the 26th, 34th, 74th and 85th minute. For Vålerenga, Vidar Davidsen scored in the 85th minute.


1985 Norwegian Football Cup
18 500 spectators attended the game at Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo. The referee was Tore Hollung. This was the fourth time Lillestrøm won the Norwegian Cup.


1985 Norwegian Football Cup
Lillestrøm's winning team: Arne Amundsen, Ole Dyrstad, Georg Hammer, Bård Bjerkeland, Tor Inge Smedås, Rune Richardsen, Kjetil Osvold, Arne Erlandsen, Tom Sundby, Joar Vaadal, André Krogsæter, Gunnar Halle, Bjørnar Erlandsen and Bjarne Sognnæs.


1985 Norwegian Football Cup
Vålerenga's team: Espen Muggeby, Jan Erik Aalbu, Jo Bergsvand, Lasse Eriksen, Per Edmund Mordt, Tore Nilsen, Steinar Enerly (80), Knut Arild Løberg, Vidar Davidsen, Egil Johansen, Henning Lund (88), Jørn Andersen and Paal Fredheim.


1985 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 8 and 9 September 1985. The Labour Party remained the largest party in the Storting, winning 71 of the 157 seats. It was the first election since 1885  in which the Liberal Party failed to win a seat.


1985 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1985 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame in the 1985 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Gerry Faust and played its home games at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana.


1985 Nottinghamshire County Council election
The 1985 Nottinghamshire County Council election was held on Thursday, 2 May 1985. The whole council of eighty-eight members was up for election and the result was that the Labour Party retained control of the Council, winning forty-eight seats. The Conservatives won thirty-seven councillors and the SDP–Liberal Alliance made gains in terms of percentage vote share, but won just two seats. An Independent councillor was elected in the Retford North division.


1985 Nottinghamshire County Council election, Results by division
Each electoral division returned one county councillor. The candidate elected to the council in each electoral division is shown in the table below. "Unopposed" indicates that the councillor was elected unopposed.


1985 Nunawading Province state by-election
The Nunawading Province by-election of 1985 was a by-election in the Nunawading Province for the Victorian Legislative Council held on 17 August 1985. It was ordered by the Court of Disputed Returns after it found that the Chief Electoral Officer drew a name at random when the 1985 Victorian state election had resulted in a dead heat between the top two candidates. The Chief Electoral Officer had drawn the name of the ALP candidate. After the Court ordered a new election, the outcome was that the Liberal candidate  Rosemary Varty was returned.


1985 Nunawading Province state by-election, Background
In 1985, the Legislative Council consisted of 44 members. They were elected for 8-year terms from 22 two-member provinces. Half of the Council retired every four years, so each election elected one member in each province. The Nunawading Province consisted of the Victorian Legislative Assembly seats of Box Hill, Mitcham, Ringwood and Warrandyte. Lawrence Alexander McArthur was the continuing member for Nunawading Province.


1985 Nunawading Province state by-election, Background
In the 1985 general election held on 2 March 1985, the vote ended with a dead heat after distribution of preferences from the Australian Democrats candidate. The Labor candidate Bob Ives and the Liberal candidate Rosemary Varty received 54,821 votes each. The returning officer, Kathleen Leonard, was required by law to make a casting vote, which she did by drawing a name from a ballot box. The name drawn was Bob Ives and he was declared elected. The Age described the result as "the most sensational electoral finish in memory". Electing Ives to the Legislative Council would give the ALP control of the house, however the Court of Disputed Returns voided the result before he could take his seat.


1985 Nunawading Province state by-election, Background
Varty disputed the result in the Court of Disputed Returns. The court (Mr Justice Starke) found that there had been errors and omissions made by electoral officers, and these had not been found not to affect the result (i.e., they could have affected the outcome), and declared the election absolutely void on 25 July 1985. Forty-four votes had been incorrectly excluded from the count.


1985 Nunawading Province state by-election, Background
The court ordered a by-election which was won convincingly by Liberal candidate Rosemary Varty.


1985 Nunawading Province state by-election, Controversy
On the day of the by-election, the Nuclear Disarmament Party how-to-vote cards only showed a 1 in the box for their candidate, and encouraged voters to allocate their own preferences. Members of the Labor Party were accused of orchestrating that there were other "How to vote for Nuclear Disarmament" flyers distributed that showed a full set of preferences, with NDP first and Labor 2nd.


1985 Nutri-Metics Open
The 1986 Nutri-Metics Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the ASB Tennis Centre in Auckland in New Zealand and was part of the 1985 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 9 December until 15 December 1985. Anne Hobbs won the singles title.


1985 Nutri-Metics Open, Finals, Doubles
Anne Hobbs /  Candy Reynolds defeated  Lea Antonoplis /  Adriana Villagrán 6–1, 6–3


1985 OFC U-20 Championship
The OFC U-20 Championship 1985 was held in Sydney, Australia. It also served as qualification for the 1985 FIFA World Youth Championship.


1985 OFC U-20 Championship, Qualification to World Youth Championship
The tournament winner qualified for the 1985 FIFA World Youth Championship.


1985 Oakland Athletics season
The Oakland Athletics' 1985 season involved the A's finishing 4th in the American League West with a record of 77 wins and 85 losses. While the Athletics' on-field performance continued to disappoint, the debut of slugger Jose Canseco gave fans a measure of hope.


1985 Oakland Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1985 Oakland Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1985 Oakland Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1985 Oakland Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1985 Oakland Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Ninth Odisha Legislative Assembly were held in 1985.


1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election, Constituencies
The elections were held for 145 instead of 147 constituencies as a result of some candidates death contesting in Kakatpur and Keonjhar constituency. Out of147 seat 22 were reserved for Scheduled Castes, 33 for Scheduled Tribes and 92 unreserved seats.


1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election, Contesting parties
There are seven national parties CPI, INC, BJP, JNP, CPM, ICS and LKD, One state party ICJ three registered unrecognised party JKD, JMM and SUC and some Independent Politiciantook part in this assembly election. Indian National Congress emerged as the winner by winning 117 seats. Janaki Ballabh Patnaik become the Chief Minister of Odisha and was replaced by Hemananda Biswal for the last few months of this assembly tenure. Biju Patnaik  become the Leader of Opposition in the 9th Orissa Assembly.


1985 Offaly County Council election
An election to Offaly County Council took place on 20 June 1985 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 21 councillors were elected from four electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for a six-year term of office.