1983 Green Bay Packers season
Starr was fired the following day by team president Robert Parins, ending a 26-year association with the team as a player and coach. Former player Forrest Gregg, the head coach of the Cincinnati Bengals, was hired before the end of the week, announced on Christmas Eve. Gregg had led the Bengals to Super Bowl XVI two years earlier, but had less success in his four seasons in Green Bay, then left for his alma mater SMU in Dallas in January 1988.


1983 Green Bay Packers season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 1 at Oilers
Lynn Dickey completed 27 of 31 passes, including 18 straight at one point during the game, for 333 yards and four touchdowns and Jan Stenerud's 42-yard field goal with 9:05 left in overtime give the Packers a successful opening day victory.


1983 Greenlandic Men's Football Championship
The 1983 Greenlandic Men's Football Championship was the 13th edition of the Greenlandic Men's Football Championship. The final round was held in Paamiut. It was won by Nagdlunguaq-48 who defeated CIF-70 Qasigiannguit in the final.


1983 Greenlandic general election
General elections were held in Greenland in April 1983. Siumut and Atassut both won 12 seats in the 26-seat Parliament.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle
The Greyhound Bus Lines Strike of 1983 in Seattle was part of a nationwide seven-week-long strike of the members of the Amalgamated Transit Union working for Greyhound Bus Lines. In Seattle, 175 drivers and terminal workers who were represented by ATU locals 1384 and 1055 walked off the job at 11pm on November 2, 1983. In total, more than 70 daily incoming and outgoing trips were cancelled in Seattle.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, Deregulation and Competition
Several significant events acted as compounding catalysts for the strike of 1983. Among them were a series of federal deregulations of the transportation industry in the 1970s and 80's and an increase in competition from Greyhound's main competitor Trailways as well as from smaller newer market entries.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, Deregulation and Competition, Airline Deregulation Act of 1978
On October 24, 1978, the 95th congress signed the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978. Like the Federal Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, this law allowed airlines greater control over its operations and increased the market ease of entry for entrepreneurs. This had the sum effect of reducing airline fares to the point they became competitive with bus fares. For example, both People Express and Southwest Airlines were able to charge less than Greyhound for many destinations.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, Deregulation and Competition, Federal Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982
On September 20, 1982, the 97th congress enacted into law the Federal Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982. The law deregulated many aspects of the bus industry, most noticeably by reducing restrictions on bus lines to add or remove stops and by increasing the ease of entry of entrepreneurs into the bus service market. Shortly following the enactment of the new law, the Interstate Commerce Commission received over 2000 applications to operate new bus services. Congress had been heavily lobbied by members of the bus industry to approve deregulation and Greyhound Bus Lines itself had insisted that some of its managers write letters to Congress in support of the bill.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, Deregulation and Competition, Bus Competition
In 1982, the Amalgamated Transit Union agreed to a wage freeze of its members working for Trailways Bus Lines. Trailways' future was threatened financially and the ATU accepted the freeze in order to keep its members employed. With lower labor costs, Trailways was able to better compete, and over the course of the next months ridership fell considerably for Greyhound Bus Lines. At the same time, Greyhound was losing business to small new market entries such as Rohrer Bus Lines on the East Coast.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, Deregulation and Competition, Bus Competition
Trailways also had affiliates nationwide who would carry the Trailways logo but were actually small independent companies. By the middle of 1983, Greyhound had reported 34 million dollars in operating losses from the previous two years. Greyhound blamed this loss in revenue to their comparably higher labor cost; 62% as opposed to 40% for its competitors.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, The Seattle Strike Timeline, Contract Negotiations between Greyhound and the ATU
In 1983, as a response to increasing competition and decreasing revenue, Greyhound Bus Lines came to the negotiating table with a 9.5% pay reduction and additional benefit reduction for drivers and terminal workers resulting in an overall compensation reduction of 17% to 25%. The ATU rejected this proposal and ended negotiations on October 31, 1983.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, The Seattle Strike Timeline, Drivers walk off the job (November 2, 1983)
On November 2, 1983 at 11pm, after 48 hours of notice,  175 Greyhound bus drivers and terminal workers who were members of ATU L1384 and ATU L1055 walked off the job. Picket lines were set at the terminal on 8th avenue and Stewart St. and at the maintenance garage at 1250 Denny Way. The picketers headquartered themselves at the Camlin Hotel in Downtown Seattle.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, The Seattle Strike Timeline, ATU L587 honors Greyhound Strike (November 7, 1983)
While workers from L587 did not walk off the job, they vowed support for their fellow ATU workers.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, The Seattle Strike Timeline, Greyhound Ultimatum (November 8, 1983)
Greyhound Bus Lines sent a letter to the union telling workers it must decide whether or not they would be returning to work by Monday November 14, or else they would be replaced by new hires. At this point, 45,000 job applicants had already been interviewed nationwide.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, The Seattle Strike Timeline, Greyhound offers half price fares (November 15, 1983)
Greyhound Bus lines announced half price fares would be in effect between November 17 and December 15. Strike negotiations remained at an impasse with Greyhound rejecting a 3 year pay freeze offered by the ATU.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, The Seattle Strike Timeline, First sign of violence (November 15, 1983)
A day after the return to work deadline, a picketer was struck by a vehicle being driven by a non-striking Greyhound mechanic. Fault remained undetermined, and the picketer did not suffer life-threatening injuries.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, The Seattle Strike Timeline, Violence erupts (November 17, 1983)
200 strikers confronted the first Greyhound bus to depart from Seattle since the strike began. The bus was being driven by a non union driver and was heading to Portland. 15 police officers clashed with picketers while police in riot gear stood by. The bus suffered damage to its headlights and windshield wipers.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, The Seattle Strike Timeline, Strike Ends (December 3rd, 1983 - December 20th, 1983)
On December 3, 1983, Union leaders and Greyhound Bus Lines reached a tentative agreement to end the strike. The agreement reduced wages by 7.8% instead of the originally proposed 9.5%. In addition, workers took a 4% cut in pension benefits and accepted a new pay schedule that compensated new hires at 20 to 25% less than before. On December 19, 1983, the TA was ratified by the membership, and workers returned to work the next day.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, Effect on Rural Communities of Washington state
During the strike, rural towns, like the city of Ephrata, in Eastern Washington were hardest hit by the Seattle strike because there were no alternative forms of public transportation. Shortly after the strike began, Greyhound Bus Lines announced that it would drop service to 1325 rural communities nationwide and in Washington state; by December 2, 1983, 4 rural bus routes were cancelled. The routes were Olympia to Toledo, Vancouver to Maryhill, Colfax to Rosalia and Ephrata to Spokane. Earlier in the year the Washington State Utilities and Transportation Commission had denied requests stating that the affected communities did not have meaningful alternatives to Greyhound Bus Services. After deregulation of the industry, the Interstate Commerce Commission approved reduction of service to these areas.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, Greyhound Continues to Operate During Strike
The day after the strike began, about 20,000 people went to Greyhound offices around the country to replace the 12,500 striking ATU workers. Over the course of three days, 500 applications were submitted in Seattle alone. During this time, Trailways, Greyhound's competitor, had an 800 percent increase in bus business in Seattle alone. By November 17, 1983 Greyhound buses were rolling again from the Seattle terminal.


1983 Greyhound Bus Lines strike in Seattle, Aftermath
The strike signaled the start of a slow decline of the bus industry in general and Greyhound specifically. 1984 was marked by 1500 layoffs, and the year afterwards Greyhound sold 120 terminals and laid off an additional 2000 employees. Many of its routes were then franchised to smaller competitors. After acquiring Trailways and absorbing 1400 of their employees, a round of negotiations in 1989 ended with another strike in June 1990. More violent than the last, the strike of 1990 saw shootings and bomb threats and the death of a picketer. This strike lasted until 1993.


1983 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens
The 1983 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens was the 19th edition of the Grote Prijs Jef Scherens cycle race and was held on 18 September 1983. The race started and finished in Leuven. The race was won by Adri van der Poel.


1983 Guangdong–Hong Kong Cup
Guangdong-Hong Kong Cup 1982–83 is the 5th staging of this two-leg competition between Hong Kong and Guangdong.


1983 Guangdong–Hong Kong Cup
Guangdong captured the champion by winning an aggregate 5–4 after penalty shootout.


1983 Guarujá Open
The 1983 Guarujá Open was a tennis tournament held in Guarujá in Brazil and played on clay courts. It was part of the 1983 Volvo Grand Prix. The tournament took place from January 24 through January 31, 1983.


1983 Guarujá Open, Finals, Doubles
Tim Gullikson /  Tomáš Šmíd defeated  Shlomo Glickstein /  Van Winitsky 6–4, 6–7, 6–4


1983 Guildford Borough Council election
The fourth full elections for Guildford Borough Council took place on 5 May 1983. The Conservatives retained control of the council winning 31 of the 45 seats on the council, this represented a net loss of three seats compared to the 1979 elections. The SDP-Liberal Alliance won 7 seats, a net gain of 4 seats compared to the 1979 council elections. Labour retained its 6 seats. Only 1 Independent was elected, one fewer than 1979.


1983 Guildford Borough Council election
If one disregards any change of seats from the Liberal Party to the SDP-Liberal Alliance, three wards wholly or partly changed party allegiance in the 1983 council election relative to the 1979 council election.


1983 Guildford Borough Council election
The SDP-Liberal Alliance gained a total of four councillors over two wards. They gained two councillors from the Conservatives in Friary & St Nicolas ward and gained a further two councillors from the Conservatives in Onslow ward.


1983 Guildford Borough Council election
The Conservatives gained one councillor from an independent in Lovelace ward.


1983 Guilin Airport collision
The 1983 Guilin Airport collision was a ground collision between a People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) Harbin H-5 bomber and a CAAC (Guangzhou Division, now China Southern Airlines) Hawker-Siddeley Trident at the military – civilian Guilin Qifengling Airport, killing 11 passengers.


1983 Guilin Airport collision, The accident
On 14 September 1983, a military aircraft collided into a CAAC (Guangzhou Division, now China Southern Airlines) Hawker-Siddeley Trident at the Guilin Qifengling Airport. The Trident was taxiing for take-off when it was struck by the Harbin H-5, ripping a large hole in the forward fuselage of the Trident. On board the Trident bound for Beijing were 100 passengers and 6 crew; of the 106 on board 11 passengers died and 21 were injured. The fate of the Harbin H-5 and its crew was not reported.


1983 Guinea earthquake
On December 22, 1983 an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.3 struck northern Guinea, killing around 300 people, and injuring 1,500. Around 200 people went missing. An earthquake of this magnitude was unusual for this region of West Africa, which was previously believed by most seismologists to be aseismic. The earthquake destroyed 5,000 houses. It had an intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, although USGS reported it as VIII (Severe) The earthquake caused cracks in the ground, and an entire cavern to collapse.


1983 Guinea earthquake, Geology
The earthquake occurred on the edge of the Paleozoic Bové Basin, near the western margin of the Precambrian West African Craton and close to the southern end of the late Proterozoic to Hercynian Mauritanide Belt.


1983 Gulf Club Champions Cup
The Gulf Club Champions Cup (Arabic: كأس الأندية الخليجية), is a football league tournament for the Arabian Peninsula clubs. The 1983 edition was known as the Gulf Cooperation Council Club Tournament. Not much is known of the championship except that it was the 2nd edition to be played and that it was won by Saudi Arabian outfit Al-Ettifaq.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
The 1983 Hall of Fame Classic Bowl was the sixth installment of the Hall of Fame Bowl. The game featured the Kentucky Wildcats of the Southeastern Conference and the West Virginia Mountaineers, then an independent. West Virginia was 8–3 entering the game and was ranked #18 in the AP poll at the time of the game; the Mountaineers had been ranked as high as #4 in the AP poll during the season. Kentucky was 6–4–1, 2–4 in the SEC. West Virginia was favored by 10 points over Kentucky.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
West Virginia took a 3–0 lead in the first quarter when Paul Woodside kicked a 39-yard field goal. In the second quarter Kentucky capped an 8-play, 54-yard drive with a touchdown. On third down with three yards to go Kentucky's Tony Mayes swept right and threw back to quarterback Randy Jenkins in the left corner of the endzone for the score. John Hutcherson hit the point after for a 7–3 Kentucky lead. Jenkins guided another drive in the second quarter with a 19-yard pass completion to Joker Phillips and a 14-yard completion to George Adams that set up Hutcherson for a 32-yard field goal with 0:38 left in the period. The halftime score was Kentucky 10, West Virginia 3.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
At the start of the second half Woodside recovered his own onside kick to give West Virginia possession at the Kentucky 48. Jeff Hostetler took wight plays before finding Rich Hollins for a 16-yard touchdown pass. Woodside's point after tied the game at 10–10 with 11:10 left in the third quarter.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
West Virginia had two quick scores within two minutes of each other early in the fourth quarter. An 81-yard drive over 10 plays ended with Hostetler completing a 2-yard touchdown pass to Rob Bennett; the extra point gave West Virginia a 17–10 lead. Two plays later Jenkins threw an interception that gave the Mountaineers the ball at the Kentucky 16-yard line. Woodside hit a 23-yard field goal to give West Virginia a 20–10 lead with 9:18 left in the game.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
Freshman quarterback Bill Ransdell replaced Jenkins and led Kentucky 92 yards in 11 plays, connecting with Joker Phillips on a 13-yard touchdown pass. The point after was unsuccessful, and with 5:50 left in the game West Virginia led 20–16; that was also the final score as Kentucky's final possession did not advance past the Kentucky 37.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
In the final AP poll for the season West Virginia, finishing 9–3, was ranked #16.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
Kentucky, a 10 point underdog, gained 306 yards to West Virginia's 288 (including 216 passing yards to West Virginia's 88) and had 19 first downs to West Virginia's 18.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
Jeff Hostetler, who led West Virginia's 17 point second half comeback, later played for the New York Giants, Oakland Raiders and Washington Redskins. George Adams, who rushed for 75 yards in the game, was Hostetler's teammate with the New York Giants and also played for the New England Patriots. Joker Phillips also later played for the Washington Redskins. In 2002, Phillips became the offensive coordinator at Kentucky, and was named Head Coach-in-waiting following the 2007 season. He became the Head Football Coach at Kentucky following the retirement of Rich Brooks at the end of the 2009 season.


1983 Hall of Fame Classic
Kentucky returned to the same bowl the following year, defeating #20 Wisconsin 20-19.


1983 Hamilton Tiger-Cats season
The 1983 Hamilton Tiger-Cats season was the 26th season for the team in the Canadian Football League and their 35th overall. The Tiger-Cats finished in 3rd place in the East Division with a 5–10–1 record. They defeated the Ottawa Rough Riders in the East Semi-Final, but lost to the eventual Grey Cup champion Toronto Argonauts in the East Final.


1983 Hardy Cup
The 1983 Hardy Cup was the 1983 edition of the Canadian intermediate senior ice hockey championship.


1983 Hardy Cup, Final
Winnipeg North End Flyers beat Timmins North Stars 4–0 on series.


1983 Harlow District Council election
The 1983 Harlow District Council election took place on 5 May 1983 to elect members of Harlow District Council in Essex, England. This was on the same day as other local elections. The Labour Party retained control of the council.


1983 Harlow District Council election, Election result
All comparisons in vote share are to the corresponding 1979 election.


1983 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1983 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University during the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Harvard was co-champion of the Ivy League.


1983 Harvard Crimson football team
In their 13th year under head coach Joe Restic, the Crimson compiled a 6–2–2 record and outscored opponents 188 to 140. Joseph K. Azelby was the team captain.


1983 Harvard Crimson football team
Harvard's 5–1–1 conference record tied for best in the Ivy League standings. The Crimson outscored Ivy opponents 147 to 88. Harvard defeated its co-champion, Penn, in their head-to-head matchup.


1983 Harvard Crimson football team
Harvard played its home games at Harvard Stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.


1983 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football team
The 1983 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football team represented the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa in the Western Athletic Conference during the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their seventh season under head coach Dick Tomey, the Rainbow Warriors compiled a 5–5–1 record.


1983 Hawthorn Football Club season
The 1983 season was the Hawthorn Football Club's 59th season in the Victorian Football League and 82nd overall. Hawthorn qualified for finals for the second consecutive season. Hawthorn qualified for their seventh Grand Final and their first since 1978. Hawthorn won their fifth premiership defeating Essendon 140–57 in the Grand Final. This was their first premiership since 1978.


1983 Head Classic
The 1983 Head Classic was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Topnotch Inn in Stowe, Vermont in the United States that was part of the 1983 Grand Prix circuit. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from August 15 through August 21, 1983. Fourth-seeded John Fitzgerald won the singles title.


1983 Head Classic, Finals, Doubles
Kim Warwick /  Brad Drewett defeated  Fritz Buehning /  Tom Gullikson 4–6, 7–5, 6–2


1983 Head Cup
The 1983 Head Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Kitzbuhel, Austria that was part of the 1983 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. The tournament was held from 18 July through 24 July 1983.


1983 Head Cup, Finals, Doubles
Chris Newton /  Pam Whytcross defeated  Nathalie Herreman /  Pascale Paradis 2–6, 6–4, 7–6


1983 High Peak Borough Council election
Elections to High Peak Borough Council in Derbyshire, England were held on 5 May 1983. All of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.


1983 Hokkaido gubernatorial election
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Rich Farmbrough (talk | contribs) at 17:09, 19 November 2019 (Date formats). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1983 Hokkaido gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held on 10 April 1983 to elect the Governor of Hokkaido Prefecture.


1983 Holiday Bowl
The 1983 Holiday Bowl was a college football bowl game played December 23, 1983, in San Diego, California. It was part of the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season. It featured the ninth ranked BYU Cougars, and the unranked Missouri Tigers.


1983 Holiday Bowl, Scoring summary
Missouri scored first with a 2-yard touchdown run from running back Eric Drain giving the Tigers an early 7–0 lead. In the second quarter, BYU quarterback Steve Young scored on a 10-yard touchdown run to tie the game at 7–7. Missouri's Brad Burditt kicked a 37-yard field goal, as Missouri took a 10–7 lead into halftime.


1983 Holiday Bowl, Scoring summary
In the third quarter, BYU came up on top, thanks to a 33-yard touchdown pass from Steve Young to Eddie Stinnett giving BYU a 14–10 lead. In the fourth quarter, Eric Drain scored on his second rushing touchdown of the game, a 2-yarder, for the Tigers to take a 17–14 lead. With just 23 seconds left, Young gave a handoff to Eddie Stinnett. Stinnett then turned around and passed it back to Young, who caught it and ran in for a touchdown, giving BYU a 21–17 win.


1983 Holiday Bowl, Scoring summary
Young achieved a rare feat in college football: one touchdown pass, one touchdown run, and one touchdown reception all in a single game. For his efforts, he was named offensive MVP. Missouri's Bobby Bell was awarded the defensive MVP. BYU had 42 rushing yards, 328 passing yards, 71 return yards, and 22:53 possession time with five turnovers. Missouri had 252 rushing yards, 86 passing yards, 22 return yards, and 37:07 possession time with four turnovers.


1983 Holiday Bowl, Legacy
The game was placed in NCAA Football video games as a "College Classic", challenging players to recreate the ending. The challenge begins the Cougars' final scoring drive of the game, with the player attempting to score the go-ahead touchdown.


1983 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
The 1983 Holy Cross Crusaders football team was an American football team that represented the College of the Holy Cross as an independent during the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Crusaders ranked No. 3 nationally but lost in the quarterfinals of the Division I-AA playoff.


1983 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
In their third year under head coach Rick E. Carter, the Crusaders compiled a 9–2–1 record (9–1–1 regular season). Harry Flaherty, Matt Martin and Rob Porter were the team captains.


1983 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
An eight-game winning streak to open the campaign saw Holy Cross steadily climb in the weekly national rankings, reaching No. 1 in time for their last regular-season game. After suffering their first loss of the year in that season-ender -- to Division I-A Boston College, in a game played at the New England Patriots' home stadium -- the Crusaders dropped to No. 3 in the Division I-AA rankings, and earned a playoff first-round bye before being eliminated in the second round.


1983 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
Holy Cross played its home games, including its first-ever home playoff game, at Fitton Field on the college campus in Worcester, Massachusetts.


1983 Honduran Segunda División
The 1983 Honduran Segunda División was the 17th season of the Honduran Segunda División. Under the management of Roberto Norales, Sula de La Lima won the tournament after finishing first in the final round (or Cuadrangular) and obtained promotion to the 1984–85 Honduran Liga Nacional.


1983 Hong Kong Masters
The 1983 Camus Hong Kong Masters was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament held in Hong Kong in August 1983.


1983 Hong Kong Masters
Doug Mountjoy won the tournament, defeating Terry Griffiths 4–3 in the final.


1983 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1983 Urban Council election was held on 8 March 1983 for the elected seats of the Urban Council. It marked the centenary of the establishment of the Urban Council and the largely reformed electoral methods with the creation of the district-based constituencies and massive expansion of the electorate.


1983 Hong Kong municipal election, Overview
1983 marked the centenary of the Urban Council. Elections for the certain numbers of seats in the Urban Council had been held since 1888, but the electorates were strictly limited to the residents on the jurors list or with certain professions. All elected members were voted without in a single constituency.


1983 Hong Kong municipal election, Overview
Since the colonial government began the reform on the district administrations on the eve of the Sino-British negotiation over the Hong Kong sovereignty after 1997, the 1983 election marked a major change of the Urban Council. The elected members increased from 12 to 15 whilst the appointed members increased from 12 to 15 as well, which increased the total members from 24 to 30. 15 elected members were elected by electorates of each constituency in Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and New Kowloon with single member plurality method. The electorate base was fully extended to all Hong Kong permanent residents over 21 to about 568,000 voters, which made the electorate increased by 17 times.


1983 Hong Kong municipal election, Overview
Despite the two long existing political groups in the Urban Council, the Hong Kong Civic Association and the Reform Club of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong People's Council on Public Housing Policy (PCPHP), a pressure group which devoted itself to the public housing policies also fill in two candidates, vice-chairman Lam Chak-piu in Kwun Tong East and secretary-general Frederick Fung in Sham Shui Po East, which made it the first pressure group to have representative in the election.


1983 Hong Kong municipal election, Overview
Total of 127,303, 22.4% of the eligible voters turned out on the election day on 8 March, where Sham Shui Po recorded the highest turnout of 26.7% and Wong Tai Sin had the second highest of 26%. Eastern District which included the North Point and Shau Kei Wan constituencies recorded the lowest turnout of 20.4%.


1983 Horsham District Council election
The 1983 Horsham District Council election took place on 5 May 1983 to elect members of Horsham District Council in England. It was held on the same day as other local elections. The Conservatives retrained control of the council with 35 seats, a majority of 14, Independent candidates won 5 seats and the SDP–Liberal Alliance won 2.


1983 Horsham District Council election, Council Composition
Prior to the election, the composition of the council was:


1983 Horsham District Council election, Ward results, Henfield
Jones K. was elected in Henfield as a Residents' association member in 1979, when this seat was last contested. The change of his vote share has been included.


1983 Houston Astros season
The Houston Astros' 1983 season was a season in American baseball. It involved the Houston Astros attempting to win the National League West.


1983 Houston Astros season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1983 Houston Cougars football team
The 1983 Houston Cougars football team represented the University of Houston during the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Cougars were led by 22nd-year head coach Bill Yeoman and played their home games at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas. The team competed as members of the Southwest Conference, finishing in seventh. Houston finished the season with a record of 4–7, their first losing season since 1975.


1983 Houston Oilers season
The 1983 Houston Oilers season was the 24th season overall and 14th with the National Football League (NFL). The team improved upon their previous season's output of 1–8, winning two games, but failed to qualify for the playoffs for the third consecutive season. The 460 points allowed by the team are the most given up by the team in franchise history.


1983 Houston Oilers season
The week 13 game against Tampa Bay, in which both teams had 1–11 records, was nicknamed the "Repus Bowl". Steve Wulf wrote of the game, "Yes, this was the Small One, the battle of the beatens, the movable object meeting the resistible force. There were only tomorrows. When these two teams get together, nothing can happen. This game was for a marble." Tampa Bay won the game 33-24.


1983 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1983 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State University during the 1983 NCAA Division II football season. Humboldt State competed in the Northern California Athletic Conference in 1983. This was a new name for the conference, as it had been called the Far Western Conference (FWC) since it was started in 1925.


1983 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1983 Lumberjacks were led by head coach Bud Van Deren in his 18th season. They played home games at the Redwood Bowl in Arcata, California. Humboldt State finished with a record of four wins and six losses (4–6, 3–3 NCAC). The Lumberjacks were outscored by their opponents 157–203 for the season.


1983 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team, Team players in the NFL
No Humboldt State players were selected in the 1984 NFL Draft.


1983 Hypo-Meeting
The 10th edition of the annual Hypo-Meeting took place on May 28 and May 29, 1983, in Götzis, Austria. The track and field competition featured a decathlon (men) and a heptathlon (women) event.


1983 I ACB International Tournament
The 1983 I ACB International Tournament was the 1st semi-official edition of the European Basketball Club Super Cup. It took place at Palau dels Esports de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, on 2, 3 and 4 September 1983 with the participations of FC Barcelona (champions of the 1982–83 Liga Española de Baloncesto and the 1983 Copa del Rey de Baloncesto), Real Madrid (runners-up of the 1982–83 Liga Española de Baloncesto), Banco di Roma (champions of the 1982–83 FIP Serie A1) and Bosna (champions of the 1982–83 First Federal Basketball League).


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Gateshead, England, at the Riverside Park on March 20, 1983. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald and in the Evening Times.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
Complete results for men, junior men, women, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 431 athletes from 35 countries, one senior man athlete less than the official number published.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior men's race
The Junior men's race at the 1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Gateshead, England, at the Riverside Park on March 20, 1983. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald and in the Evening Times.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior men's race
Complete results, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior men's race, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 107 athletes from 25 countries in the Junior men's race. This is in agreement with the official numbers as published.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior men's race
The Senior men's race at the 1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Gateshead, England, at the Riverside Park on March 20, 1983. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald and in the Evening Times.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior men's race
Complete results, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior men's race, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 213 athletes from 31 countries in the senior men's race, one athlete less than the official number published.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior women's race
The Senior women's race at the 1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Gateshead, England, at the Riverside Park on March 20, 1983. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald and in the Evening Times.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior women's race
Complete results, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1983 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior women's race, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 111 athletes from 22 countries in the Senior women's race. This is in agreement with the official numbers as published.


1983 IAAF World Race Walking Cup
The 1983 IAAF World Race Walking Cup was held on 24 and 25 September 1983 in the streets of Bergen, Norway. The event was also known as IAAF Race Walking World Cup.


1983 IAAF World Race Walking Cup, Results, Team (men)
The team rankings, named Lugano Trophy, combined the 20 km and 50 km events team results.


1983 IAAF World Race Walking Cup, Participation
The participation of 169 athletes (105 men/64 women) from 18 countries is reported.


1983 IAAF World Race Walking Cup, Qualifying Rounds
From 1961 to 1985 there were qualifying rounds for the men's competition with the first two winners proceeding to the final. This year, the German Democratic Republic, Italy, the Soviet Union, México, Norway, the United States, Australia, China, and Canada proceeded directly to the final.


1983 IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships
The 1983 IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships was the inaugural edition of the annual international road running competition organised by the International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF). The competition was hosted by the United States on December 3, 1983 in San Diego, California and featured one race only: a 10k run for women. There were individual and team awards available, with the national team rankings being decided by the combined score of a team's three best athletes. Countries with fewer than three finishers were not ranked.


1983 IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships
Wendy Sly of Great Britain was the winner of the race in a time of 32:23 minutes. She was followed by two Americans, Betty Springs and Lesley Welch. The United States won the team competition, with the third American runner Ellen Hart Peña also placing in the top ten. Canada, led by fourth-placer Nancy Tinari, was second in the team competition and Monica Joyce led the Irish women to the team bronze medal. A total of 66 women from 18 countries entered the race and 62 finished the distance.


1983 IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships
Nine nations entered more than three athletes and eight of these reached the team rankings with three finishing athletes (England being the exception). The United States had the largest contingent, with 16 entrants. The Soviet Union's Raisa Sadreydinova was a prominent entrant, having set a 10,000 metres world record earlier that year, but she failed to finish.


1983 IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships
The competition proved a development in global level competitions for women in long-distance running: the launch of this race was a push by the IAAF to the International Olympic Committee to gain Olympic recognition of this distance for women. A women's race was subsequently added for the 10,000 metres at the Olympics in 1988, following on from the first Olympic marathon for women in 1984.


1983 IBF World Championships
The 1983 IBF World Championships were held in 1983 in Copenhagen, Denmark.


1983 IBF World Championships – Men's Doubles
The 1983 IBF World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark.


1983 IBF World Championships – Men's Singles
The 1983 IBF World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1983. The gold medal was won by Icuk Sugiarto; the silver by Liem Swie King; and the bronze by Prakash Padukone and Han Jian. What follows are the detailed results of the men's singles.


1983 IBF World Championships – Mixed Doubles
The 1983 IBF World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1983. Following the results of the mixed doubles.


1983 IBF World Championships – Women's Doubles
The 1983 IBF World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1983. Following the results of the women's doubles.


1983 IBF World Championships – Women's Singles
The 1983 IBF World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1983. Following the results of the women's singles.


1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
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1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Meran, Italy under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for a record-tying third time, matching the record set by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977). It was the 18th edition. Meran hosted the event previously in 1953 and 1971. The mixed C2 event was discontinued and the program remained unchanged until the 2009 Championships.


1983 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1983 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Tampere, Finland for the second time. The Finnish city had host the championships previously in 1973.


1983 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.


1983 IIHF European U18 Championship
The 1983 IIHF European U18 Championship was the sixteenth playing of the IIHF European Junior Championships.


1983 IIHF European U18 Championship, Group B, Final round
The Netherlands was promoted to Group A and Hungary was relegated to Group C, for 1984.


1983 IMSA GT Championship
The 1983 Camel GT Championship season was the 13th season of the IMSA GT Championship auto racing series. It was for GTP class prototypes and GTO and GTU class Grand Tourer-style racing cars. It began February 5, 1983, and ended November 27, 1983, after seventeen rounds.


1983 IMSA GT Championship, Schedule
The GT and Prototype classes did not participate in all events, nor did they race together at shorter events. Races marked with All had all classes on track at the same time.


1983 IMSA GT Championship, Season results
† - #9 Personalized Autohaus won the 12 Hours of Sebring overall.


1983 IPSC Handgun World Shoot
The 1983 IPSC Handgun World Shoot VI held in Virginia, United States, was the sixth IPSC Handgun World Shoot, and was won by Rob Leatham of USA, who had started shooting as a teenager.


1983 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics
The 1983 Ibero-American Championships (Spanish: I Campeonato Iberoamericano de Atletismo) was an athletics competition which was held at the Estadi Serrahima in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain from 23–25 September 1983. A total of 37 events were contested, of which 22 by male and 15 by female athletes. It was the first edition of the Ibero-American Championships, although a precursor to the tournament, the Juegos Iberoamericanos (Ibero-American Games), had been held in 1960 and 1962. Eighteen countries participated, drawing from the 22 members of the Asociación Ibero-Americano de Atletismo (Ibero-American Athletics Association).


1983 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics
Cuba won the most gold medals with a total of nineteen, but it was Spain which had the largest overall haul, beating Cuba's 24 with a total of 33 medals. Brazil and Portugal, were the third and fourth most successful nations of the competition, although the latter won the largest number of silver medals (12) over the course of the three-day competition. The Ibero-American Championships succeeded in attracting a number of high-profile athletes from Ibero-American countries, thus beginning the history of the long-running championships.


1983 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics
Cuban athletes Luis Delís and Maritza Martén both doubled up to win the shot put and discus throw events for men and women, respectively. Aurora Cunha of Portugal took the victory in the women's 1500 metres and 3000 metres while Chile's Alejandra Ramos finished runner-up in both the 800 metres and 1500 m. Luisa Ferrer came close to a sprint double, but was beaten by Esmeralda de Jesus Garcia in the 100 metres. Two records from the championships were particularly long-lasting: Delís's discus record stood until the 2010 Ibero-American Championships and Domingo Ramón's mark in the 3000 metres steeplechase remains the championship record.


1983 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics, Participation
Of the twenty-two founding members of the Asociación Iberoamericana de Atletismo, eighteen presented delegations for the inaugural championships. The four absent member countries were Ecuador, Panama, Puerto Rico and Venezuela. A total of 143 athletes participated in the first edition. Including a number of guests, 163 participating athletes were counted by analysing the official result list.


1983 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics – Results
These are the results of the 1983 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics which took place from 23 to 25 September 1983 at Estadio Juan Serrahima in Barcelona, Spain.


1983 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1983 Ice Hockey World Championships took place in West Germany from 16 April to 2 May. The games were played in Munich, Dortmund and Düsseldorf. Eight teams took part, with each playing each other once. The four best teams then play each other once more with no results carrying over this time, and the other four teams played each other again to determine ranking and relegation. This was the 49th World Championships, and also the 60th European Championships. The Soviet Union became world champions for the 19th time, tying Canada, and won their 22nd European title.


1983 Ice Hockey World Championships
Promotion and relegation was effective for 1985 as the IIHF did not run a championship in Olympic years at this time. Nations that did not participate in the Sarajevo Olympics were invited to compete in the Thayer Tutt Trophy.


1983 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group B (Japan)
The United States was promoted to Group A, and both Romania and Yugoslavia were relegated to Group C.  Additionally, the USA, Poland and Austria earned berths in the Olympics. Fourth place Norway had to play off against the Group C winner (the Netherlands) to fill the final Olympic spot.


1983 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group C (Hungary)
Played in Budapest 11–20 March. The champion earned the right to playoff against Group B fourth place for a berth in the Olympics.


1983 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group C (Hungary)
The Netherlands and Hungary were both promoted to Group B,


1983 Ice Hockey World Championships, Ranking and statistics, European championships final standings
The final standings of the European championships according to IIHF:


1983 Ice Hockey World Championships, Ranking and statistics, Scoring leaders
List shows the top skaters sorted by points, then goals.


1983 Icelandic Cup
The 1983 Icelandic Cup was the 24th edition of the National Football Cup.


1983 Icelandic Cup
It took place between 23 May 1983 and 28 August 1983, with the final played at Laugardalsvöllur in Reykjavik. The cup was important, as winners qualified for the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (if a club won both the league and the cup, the defeated finalists would take their place in the Cup Winners' Cup).


1983 Icelandic Cup
The 10 clubs from the 1. Deild entered in the last 16, with clubs from lower tiers entering in the three preliminary rounds. Teams played one-legged matches. In case of a draw, the match was replayed at the opposition's ground.


1983 Icelandic Cup
ÍA Akranes retained their title by beating ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar in the final. They won the first double since Valur Reykjavik in 1976 and meant that the losing finalists qualified for Europe.


1983 Icelandic parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 23 April 1983. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 15 of the 40 seats.


1983 Icelandic parliamentary election, Results, By region
The Independent Voters in the West Fjords was a breakaway from the Independence Party.


1983 Idaho State Bengals football team
The 1983 Idaho State Bengals football team represented Idaho State University in the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA football season. A charter member of the Big Sky Conference, the Bengals were led by first-year head coach Jim Koetter and played their home games at the ASISU MiniDome, later renamed Holt Arena, an indoor venue on campus in Pocatello, Idaho.


1983 Idaho State Bengals football team
After a disappointing season in 1982, the Bengals finished second in the Big Sky with a 5–2 record, and were 8–3 overall in the regular season. Led by senior quarterback Paul Peterson, Idaho State hosted the first round of the 12-team I-AA playoffs, but lost to conference champion Nevada by seven points.


1983 Idaho State Bengals football team
Koetter was promoted to head coach in early June, after Dave Kragthorpe left to become athletic director at his alma mater, Utah State in Logan.


1983 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1983 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Vandals, led by second-year head coach Dennis Erickson, were members of the Big Sky Conference and played their home games at the Kibbie Dome, an indoor facility on campus in Moscow, Idaho.


1983 Idaho Vandals football team
Led by senior quarterback Ken Hobart, the Vandals finished 8–3 in the regular season and 4–3 in the Big Sky to tie for third with rival Boise State, whom they defeated in consecutive years for the first time. It was Idaho's first win in Moscow in the series in six tries, and was the second of twelve straight over the Broncos, through 1993.


1983 Idaho Vandals football team
The Vandals won four of five home games in 1983, losing to Nevada for the fifth year in a row. They also lost to conference runner-up Idaho State; both of whom were selected for the 12-team I-AA playoffs. Idaho won all four of its non-conference games, but three were against Division II and NAIA opponents.


1983 Idaho Vandals football team
Although Idaho missed the postseason, 1983 marked the first time in 45 years that the Vandals had consecutive winning seasons in football, last accomplished in 1938 under head coach Ted Bank. After just two seasons, Erickson's seventeen victories placed him sixth in career wins among Vandal head coaches.


1983 Idaho Vandals football team, Notable players
Senior quarterback Ken Hobart, a walk-on four-year starter, led the 1983 Vandals to an 8–3 record and named a Division I-AA All-American. Selected in the second round of the 1984 USFL Draft by Jacksonville, he was traded to Denver during the season and then spent six seasons (1985–90) in the CFL. He was selected tenth in the 1984 NFL Supplemental Draft by the New York Jets, but never played in the NFL.


1983 Idaho Vandals football team, All-conference
Quarterback Hobart, flanker Brian Allen, and safety Boyce Bailey were named to the Big Sky all-conference team; Hobart repeated as the league's outstanding offensive player. Vandals named to the second team were tight end Kurt Vestman, wide receiver Ron Whittenburg, running back Kerry Hickey, guard Lance West, and linebacker / defensive end Sam Manoa.


1983 Idaho Vandals football team, NFL Draft
One Vandal senior was selected in the 1984 NFL Draft, which lasted twelve rounds (336 selections).


1983 Idaho Vandals football team, NFL Draft
Hobart was a second round selection of the Jacksonville Bulls in the 1984 USFL Draft, and signed a contract in January.


1983 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1983 Illinois Fighting Illini football team represented the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign during the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season.


1983 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The team's offensive leaders were quarterback Jack Trudeau with 2,446 passing yards, running back Thomas Rooks with 842 rushing yards, and wide receiver David Williams with 870 receiving yards. Defensive end Don Thorp was selected as the team's most valuable player and also received the Chicago Tribune Silver Football trophy as the most valuable player in the Big Ten Conference. The 1983 Illini were the first team in Big Ten history to go 9-0 in regular season conference play, and the only team to do so until Wisconsin went 9-0 in 2017.


1983 Imo State gubernatorial election
The 1983 Imo State gubernatorial election occurred in Nigeria on August 13, 1983. The NPP nominee Sam Mbakwe won the election, defeating other candidates.


1983 Imo State gubernatorial election, Electoral system
The Governor of Imo State is elected using the plurality voting system.


1983 Independence Bowl
The 1983 Independence Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game between the Ole Miss Rebels and the Air Force Falcons.


1983 Independence Bowl, Background
The Rebels tied for 3rd in the Southeastern Conference, in their first bowl appearance since 1971. The Falcons had finished 2nd in the Western Athletic Conference, but they were making their 2nd straight bowl game, the first time they had made consecutive bowl games in school history. This was the first Independence Bowl for either team.


1983 Independence Bowl, Game summary
In a rain drenched game, the Falcons led 6-0 on two field goals by Sean Pavlich from 44 and 39 yards out. Ole Miss halved the lead on 39 yarder from Neil Teevan in the 3rd, but Pavlich's 27 yarder in the same quarter proved to be the last score of the game. Marty Louthan went 6-of-7 for 71 yards, and Buford McGee rushed 22 times for 111 yards for the Falcons. In a losing effort, Mike Brown ran for 91 yards on 12 carries. Kelly Powell threw 11-of-27 for 138 yards, with 2 interceptions.


1983 Independence Bowl, Aftermath
Hatfield left for Arkansas after the bowl game, though the Falcons continued to prosper under new coach Fisher DeBerry, making four more bowl games in the decade. The Rebels made two more in the decade and two more before Brewer left due to violations in 1993. Air Force returned to the Independence Bowl the following year while Ole Miss returned in 1986.


1983 Indian Rajya Sabha elections
Rajya Sabha elections were held on various dates in 1983, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber.


1983 Indian Rajya Sabha elections, Elections, Members elected
The following members are elected in the elections held in 1983. They are members for the term 1983-1989 and retire in year 1989, except in case of the resignation or death before the term. The list is incomplete.


1983 Indian Rajya Sabha elections, Bye-elections
The following bye elections were held in the year 1983.


1983 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1983 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season. They participated as members of the Big Ten Conference. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Sam Wyche, in his only year as head coach of the Hoosiers.


1983 Indiana Hoosiers men's soccer team
The 1983 Indiana Hoosiers men's soccer team represented Indiana University Bloomington during the 1983 NCAA Division I men's soccer season. The Hoosiers played their home matches at Bill Armstrong Stadium and were coached by 11th-year head coach, Jerry Yeagley.


1983 Indiana Hoosiers men's soccer team
Indiana finished the season with a 21–1–4 record and won the NCAA National Championship, successfully defending their 1982 title. It was their second ever men's soccer title at the time.


1983 Indiana State Sycamores football team
The 1983 Indiana State Sycamores football team represented Indiana State University as a member of the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) during the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Sycamores were led by fourth-year head coach Dennis Raetz and played their home games at Memorial Stadium. Indiana State finished the season 8–3 overall and 3–3 in MVC play to tie for fourth place. They were invited to the NCAA I-AA playoffs, where they defeated Eastern Illinois (16–13 in double overtime) in the first round before losing (23–7) in the quarterfinals to eventual national champion Southern Illinois.


1983 Indiana State Sycamores football team
The roster included such standout performers as Cornerback Wayne Davis and Free Safety Vencie Glenn, who went on to long successful NFL careers. Mike Simmonds,  Jeff Miller was selected Honorable Mention All-American, future college head coach Trent Miles was a wide receiver


1983 Indianapolis 500
The 67th Indianapolis 500 was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Sunday, May 29, 1983. After finishing second three times (1977, 1978, 1980), winning the pole position twice (1977–1978), and being the fastest qualifier one additional time (1981), Tom Sneva finally shook his "bridesmaid" status and won his first Indianapolis 500. The win also represented the record seventh Indy victory that chief mechanic George Bignotti was involved with.


1983 Indianapolis 500
In the final twenty laps, three-time winner Al Unser Sr. was leading Tom Sneva. Unser was seeking his record-tying fourth Indy victory. His son, rookie Al Unser Jr. was several laps down, but was running right behind his father. Al Jr. created a firestorm of controversy when it appeared he was blocking Sneva intentionally to aid his father. After several anxious laps, Sneva finally slipped by both Unsers, pulled away, and claimed his long-awaited first and only Indy victory.


1983 Indianapolis 500
Rookie Teo Fabi headlined time trials by winning the pole position, and on race day he led the first 23 laps. Fabi's day was short, however, as he dropped out with a bad fuel gasket. The effort earned him the rookie of the year award. Fabi would go on to win four races during the season and finish second to Al Unser Sr. for the CART championship.


1983 Indianapolis 500
The 1983 Indy 500 ushered in a new era of civility and stability in the sport of Indy car racing. After four years of conflict and organizational disputes between USAC and CART, the two sanctioning bodies came to an amicable truce. The Indianapolis 500 would be sanctioned singly by USAC, and officially would be part of the ceremonial Gold Crown championship. However, the race was now recognized on the CART schedule, and counted towards the 1983 CART PPG Indy Car World Series points championship. The field for the Indy 500 going forward would consist primarily of CART-based teams, along with numerous one-off ("Indy-only") entries. Despite various squabbles and minor technical differences between the sanctioning bodies, this arrangement would remain in place, with relative harmony, through 1995.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Background
The USAC technical committee issued a rule change for 1983, scaling back side skirts and declaring that "all bodywork or aerodynamic devices must be at least one inch above the bottom of the car's tub." During time trials, a total of 15 cars in the qualifying line would fail pre-qualifying technical inspection, raising tempers and drawing the ire of competitors. Some teams charged that USAC was inconsistent in their enforcement and their measuring, since they used a different (and possibly less-accurate) tool than the CART series officials utilized at other races. In addition, some teams claimed the first several cars in line were not scrutinized as heavily as those deeper in line.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Background
The evolving aerodynamic rules coincided with the emergence of the Robin Herd-designed March chassis becoming the vehicle of choice for the mid-1980s. Coupled with the widely used Cosworth DFX engine, the "customer car" era began to dominate the sport of Indy car racing. Penske, among other teams, elected to scale back, or even abandon their in-house chassis programs in favor of the English-built March for the next few seasons. The March's aerodynamic advancements, downforce, and affordable cost were among the reasons it emerged as the favorite among the competitors. The "customer car" era also was popular with the smaller-budget teams, as it allowed them access to top equipment, leveling the playing field, and shrinking the differences between haves and the have-nots. The 1983 race would be the first of five consecutive Indy 500 victories for March Engineering.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race schedule
* Includes days where trackactivity was significantlylimited due to rain


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials
Pole day time trials was scheduled for Saturday May 14. Rain, however, kept cars off the track nearly all day. At 4:15 p.m., the track finally opened for practice, but it was brief and interrupted by several yellow lights. Officials closed the track at 5:49 p.m., without a single car making a qualifying attempt. On Sunday May 15, rain washed out the entire day. It was the first time since 1978 that not a single car qualified on the first weekend. Pole day time trials was moved to the second weekend.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials
Three-time winner Johnny Rutherford was sidelined after two major crashes. On May 8, he crashed in turn one, suffering minor injuries. On May 18, he suffered a more serious crash in turn 3. He broke his left foot and left ankle, and was forced to sit out the 1983 race.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials, Pole Day – Saturday May 21
Pole day started with Mike Mosley (205.372 mph) taking the top spot early on. Rick Mears, a favorite for the pole, had his effort fall short, and he qualified at 204.301 mph.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials, Pole Day – Saturday May 21
Tom Sneva was the next shot at the front row, but his speed of 203.687 mph was only third-fastest at the moment. The next car out was rookie Teo Fabi, who had raised eyebrows during the week, posting practice speeds near the top of the speed chart. Fabi set a new one-lap track record of 208.049 mph, and set a four-lap record of 207.395 mph, securing the pole position. Fabi became the first rookie to win the pole since Walt Faulkner in 1950.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials, Pole Day – Saturday May 21
A very busy day saw 42 attempts and 33 cars complete qualifying runs. For the first time in modern history, the field was filled to 33 cars in one day.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials, Pole Day – Saturday May 21
On a sad note, Tony Foyt, Sr., the father of A. J. Foyt as well as his former chief mechanic, died after battling lung cancer. After qualifying on Saturday, A. J. Foyt flew to Houston to visit his ailing father. At 8 p.m., Tony Foyt, Sr. lapsed into a coma, and died at 10 p.m.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials, Bump Day – Sunday May 22
The day opened with John Mahler (180.022 mph) on the bubble. Rain again hampered time trials, and the track did not open until nearly 2 p.m.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials, Bump Day – Sunday May 22
Phil Krueger wrecked during a practice run, and Gary Bettenhausen waved off a run after one lap over 193 mph.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Time trials, Bump Day – Sunday May 22
At 4:14 p.m., Dennis Firestone completed a run of 190.888 mph, bumping Mahler. Moments later, rain began to fall, and the track was closed for the day. The 6 o'clock gun fired with several drivers, including Bettenhausen, Bill Alsup, Dick Ferguson all left sitting in line.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, First half
Rookie Teo Fabi took the lead from the pole position and led the first 23 laps. A. J. Foyt, who earlier in the week had attended his father's funeral, dropped out early with a broken transmission u-joint linkage. At almost the same time, George Snider, Foyt's other team car, dropped out with ignition failure. Both Foyt cars were out just beyond the 50-mile mark. After showing speed early, Fabi dropped out with a bad fuel gasket. During an early pit stop, the refueling mechanism failed, and fuel spilled around the car, but it did not ignite.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, First half
On lap 81, Johnny Parsons spun in front of Mario Andretti in turn one. Both cars crashed hard into the outside wall. It was Andretti's first ride at Indy with Newman/Haas Racing, and yet another misfortune for him at the 500.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Second half
First half contender Bobby Rahal dropped out with a punctured radiator. The lead in the second half was maintained by Tom Sneva and Al Unser Sr. Sneva's teammate Kevin Cogan, as well as Geoff Brabham were also running near the top five.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Second half
On lap 172, Tom Sneva led with Al Unser Sr. second. Sneva was right behind the lapped car of Mike Mosley when his pit crew put out the sign board for him to make his final pit stop. Seconds later, Mosley spun right in front of Sneva coming out of turn one and crashed into the outside wall. Mosely suffered a bruised foot in the wreck. Sneva veered to the inside and narrowly avoided the incident. Mosley's notable "Indy jinx" continued, and it would be his final lap at the Speedway - he was killed in a traffic accident less than a year later.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Second half
With the yellow out, Sneva pitted the next time around, his final scheduled pit stop of the day. Al Unser Sr. was also in the pits. Unser had a much faster pit stop, electing not to change tires, and came out in the lead. Sneva was now second.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Finish
The green flag came back out on lap 176 with Al Unser Sr. leading and Tom Sneva in second. As the cars were going through turn four, the 10th place car of rookie Al Unser Jr. (five laps down at the time) jumped the restart. He passed both Sneva and his father Al Sr. One lap later, Al Jr. allowed his father by, and settled in between his father and second place Tom Sneva.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Finish
Over the next several laps, it became clear that Al Jr. was trying to run interference for his father. Al Jr. was known to openly root for his father, and incidentally it was Al Sr.'s 44th birthday. As the race hit lap 180, officials started displaying Al Unser Jr. the blue flag.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Finish
While many feel Al Jr. did not actually make many onerous and intentional "blocking" moves, he did create a significant amount of "dirty air" for Sneva, and did not yield the preferred racing line. Despite the impedance, Al Sr. was not pulling away nor seemed able to extend his lead. The three cars continued to run very close together. As the laps dwindled, the controversy began to grow.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Finish
With 13 laps to go, Sneva pulled alongside Al unser Jr. on the frontstretch. The two cars went side-by-side into turn one, but Al Jr. refused to give up the ground.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Finish
With ten laps to go, the three cars started to catch up to lapped traffic. Al Jr. got stuck behind the car of Dick Simon, and Sneva immediately pounced on the moment. Sneva veered down low, passed Al Jr. and Simon in consecutive corners, and set his sights on the leader. Down the backstretch, Sneva set up his pass and easily got by Al Unser Sr. going into turn three. He passed two more cars before the end of the lap and immediately began pulling away. While Sneva began driving away from Al Unser Sr., Al Unser Jr. passed his dad in turn one.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Finish
With an open track ahead of him now, Tom Sneva picked up the pace and put considerable distance between himself and the Unsers. Sneva cruised to victory, by a margin of 11.174 seconds. It was Sneva's first Indy 500 victory (after three previous runner-up finishes) and chief mechanic George Bignotti's record seventh Indy 500 victory.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Finish
After stirring up all the controversy, Al Unser Jr. ended up running out of fuel on the final lap. He stalled on the course before reaching the finish line, and was scored six laps down at the finish.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Post race
In post-race interviews, Al Unser Jr. admitted to trying to run interference for his father, claiming he was trying to create "dirty air" and turbulence for Sneva. He stopped short, however, of calling it "blocking." Unser Jr. was highly criticized for the actions, by both competitors and media. However, after the race USAC examined the incident, and issued no penalties for blocking, citing the fact that he did not actually break any written rules. Al Unser Sr. claimed he did not know what was going on behind him, and that he lost one rear-view mirror, and the other was broken. Furthermore, Unser Sr. noted that he made a miscalculation on his final pit stop, ordering his crew to not change tires. As a result, his handling went away in the closing laps. While Al Jr. was battling with Sneva, Al Sr. was mostly preoccupied with nursing his loose, ill-handling car.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Post race
Sneva charged Unser, Jr. with jumping the restart and illegally passing the two leaders before the green came out. After the race Unser Jr. was issued a 2-lap penalty for passing two cars before the green, but the penalty did not cost him any positions. Unser still finished in the top ten as the highest finishing rookie. However, he lost out on the rookie of the year award, which went to polesitter Teo Fabi.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Box score
* Mario Andretti was penalized one lap for running over Al Unser Jr's hose during a pit stop. Parsons and Andretti collided with one another on lap 81; the penalty put Andretti into 23rd place one lap behind Parsons.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Box score
** Al Unser, Jr. was penalized two laps for passing cars under yellow before the lap 176 restart, taking him from +6 laps (where he ran out of fuel) to +8 laps.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
The race was carried live on the IMS Radio Network. Paul Page served as anchor for the seventh year. Lou Palmer reported from victory lane. The crew saw little change from 1982, but some of the assignments were shifted. Longtime radio veteran Luke Walton assumed his customary duty during the pre-race ceremonies of introducing the starting command. However, he did not serve as a pit reporter during the race itself. Walton would continue on the broadcast, but only in a limited role, through 1988.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Bob Forbes rode in one of the pace cars during the parade lap.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Lou Palmer maintained his traditional location at the far south end of the pits. However, the other pit reporters appeared to have lesser-defined zones for 1983. During the first half of the race, all pit reporters congregated around the leaders' pits, including roving reporter Bob Forbes. During the second half of the race, Jerry Baker moved up to the north pits and Chuck Marlowe covered the center pits. Forbes then moved to the garage area and track hospital, while Palmer stayed in the south end. Sally Larvick returned for her second race, conducting interviews throughout the broadcast.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
For 1983, after a brief one-year change, the famous commercial out-cue was restored back to "Now stay tuned for the Greatest Spectacle in Racing." For the first time, the broadcast signed on at 10:00 a.m. local time, providing one-hour of pre-race coverage.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Chief Announcer: Paul PageDriver expert: Rodger WardStatistician: John DeCampHistorian: Donald Davidson


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Turn 1: Ron CarrellTurn 2: Doug ZinkBackstretch: Howdy BellTurn 3: Larry HenryTurn 4: Bob Jenkins


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Television
The race was carried in the United States on ABC Sports on a same-day tape delay basis. Jim McKay returned as anchor, while Jackie Stewart reprised the host position in "ABC Race Central." Sam Posey returned to the booth as driver expert, while Jim Lampley made his first appearance, covering primarily the garages and medical center. Anne Simon, a sideline reporter at ABC Sports, joined the crew for in-depth features, and is believed to be the first female television reporter at Indy.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Television
For the first time ever, the broadcast featured a RaceCam. On-board cameras were mounted in the cars of Rick Mears and Al Unser Sr., but both failed partway through the race.


1983 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Television
The broadcast has re-aired on ESPN Classic starting in May 2011.


1983 Indianapolis mayoral election
The Indianapolis mayoral election of 1983 took place on November 8, 1983, and saw the reelection of Republican William H. Hudnut III to a third term.


1983 Indianapolis mayoral election
In 1982, the two-term limit on the mayoralty was removed (leaving no limits on the number of terms). This enabled Hudnut to run for a, previously prohibited, third term.


1983 Indianapolis mayoral election
Top prospective Democratic candidates declined to run, and Hudnut ultimately faced John J. Sullivan, a newcomer to political campaigning.


1983 Individual Ice Speedway World Championship
The 1983 Individual Ice Speedway World Championship was the 18th edition of the World Championship  The Championship was held on 5 and 6 March, 1983 at the Kunstijsbaan in Eindhoven in the Netherlands.


1983 Individual Ice Speedway World Championship
The winner was Sergey Kazakov of the Soviet Union for the second successive year.


1983 Individual Long Track World Championship
The 1983 Individual Long Track World Championship was the 13th edition of the FIM speedway Individual Long Track World Championship. The event was held on 18 September 1983 in Mariánské Lázně in the Czech Republic which was Czechoslovakia at the time. The world title was won by Shawn Moran of the United States.


1983 Individual Speedway Junior European Championship
The 1983 Individual Speedway Junior European Championship was the seventh edition of the European motorcycle speedway Under-21 Championships. All participants were under the age of 21. The title was won by Steve Baker of Australia.


1983 Individual Speedway Junior European Championship, European final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1983 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 38th edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider. It was the first time the World Final had been held in West Germany.


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, Final summary
An almost capacity crowd of around 50,000 at the 400 metres (440 yards) long Motodrom Halbemond circuit, saw local favourite Egon Müller became the first German rider to win the World Championship. Australian Champion Billy Sanders, in career best form and always at his best on the longer tracks like those in his native Australia, scored his best ever World Championship placing by finishing second, with England's 1980 World Champion Michael Lee finishing third.


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, Final summary
With both Sanders and former champion Lee in good form, and with the winner of the previous two World Finals Bruce Penhall having retired from speedway while on the podium at the 1982 World Final, the 1983 final was expected to be one of the most open in years. Others including Kenny Carter (England), Dennis Sigalos (United States), and Danes Ole Olsen, Hans Nielsen and Erik Gundersen, were all expected to challenge. Like surprise winner Jerzy Szczakiel who won at home in Poland in 1973, Egon Müller was expected to do well in front of his home crowd, but wasn't among the pre-meeting favourites.


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, Final summary
In his last World Final appearance, "The Great Dane" Ole Olsen, the 1971, 1975 and 1978 World Champion, finished 6th with 10 points. He fittingly won his last ride, defeating Gundersen, Czechoslovakia's Jiří Štancl, and American Lance King in Heat 18.


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, British Qualification, British Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, Intercontinental Round, Nordic Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, Intercontinental Round, Overseas Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, Intercontinental Round, Intercontinental Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, Continental Round, Continental Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1983 Individual Speedway World Championship, World Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1983 Intercontinental Cup
The 1983 Intercontinental Cup was an association football match played on 11 December 1983 between Hamburger SV, winners of the 1982–83 European Cup, and Grêmio, winners of the 1983 Copa Libertadores. The match was played at the National Stadium in Tokyo. Renato Portaluppi was named as man of the match.


1983 Intercontinental Final
The 1983 Intercontinental Final was the ninth running of the Intercontinental Final as part of the qualification for the 1983 Speedway World Championship. The 1983 Final was run on 7 August at the White City Stadium in London, England, and was the last qualifying stage for riders from Scandinavia, the USA and from the Commonwealth nations for the World Final to be held at the Motodrom Halbemond in Norden, West Germany.


1983 International Masters
The 1983 Yamaha International Masters was a non-ranking snooker tournament, that was held between 28 February to 6 March 1983 at the Assembly Rooms in Derby, England.


1983 International Open
The 1983 Jameson International Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament that took place between 1 and 9 October 1983 at the Eldon Square Recreation Centre in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England.


1983 International Open
Steve Davis won the tournament, defeating Cliff Thorburn 9–4 in the final. The defending champion Tony Knowles was defeated by John Spencer in the last 16 round.


1983 Intertoto Cup
In the 1983 Intertoto Cup no knock-out rounds were contested, and therefore no winner was declared.


1983 Intertoto Cup, Group stage
The teams were divided into ten groups of four teams each.


1983 Invercargill mayoral election
The 1983 Invercargill mayoral election was held on 8 October 1983 as part of the 1983 New Zealand local elections, and was conducted under the First Past the Post system.


1983 Invercargill mayoral election
After her loss at the previous election, former deputy mayor Eve Poole defeated incumbent councillors John Russell and Jim Fenton, thus becoming the first female Mayor of Invercargill.


1983 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1983 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Hawkeyes, led by head coach Hayden Fry, were members of the Big Ten Conference and played their home games at Kinnick Stadium. Iowa finished the season 9–3 (7–2 Big Ten), capped by a loss to Florida in the Gator Bowl.


1983 Iowa Hawkeyes football team, Coaching staff
Five of the staff would go on to become the winningest head coaches at five different programs: Snyder (Kansas State), Alvarez (Wisconsin), Stoops (Oklahoma), McCarney (Iowa State) and Ferentz (Iowa)


1983 Iowa Hawkeyes football team, Game summaries, at Iowa State
This was the first of 15 straight wins in the series for the Hawkeyes.


1983 Iowa Hawkeyes football team, Game summaries, Ohio State
The Hawkeyes earned their first win over the Buckeyes since 1962.


1983 Iowa Hawkeyes football team, Game summaries, at Illinois
The Hawkeyes – ranked #3 in the Coaches poll and #4 in the AP poll – could not break through on this day in Champaign. Illinois would go on to win the outright Big Ten title by finishing 9-0 in conference play.


1983 Iowa Hawkeyes football team, Game summaries, Northwestern
The Hawkeyes set a Big Ten record with 713 yards of total offense.


1983 Iowa Hawkeyes football team, Game summaries, Minnesota
The Hawkeyes rolled up a school-record 517 yards rushing against the Gophers. Three Iowa backs went over 100 yards, led by Eddie Phillips with 172 yards and 3 touchdowns. Ronnie Harmon had 75 yards and 2 touchdowns on only 4 carries, and also caught a touchdown pass.


1983 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1983 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University during the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season. They played their home games at Cyclone Stadium in Ames, Iowa. They participated as members of the Big Eight Conference. The team was coached by head coach Jim Criner.


1983 Ipswich Borough Council election
The 1983 Ipswich Borough Council election the system of electing by thirds was completed as this was the third election to the Ipswich Borough Council under the arrangement, whereby a third of the councillors were to stand for election, each time. These new arrangements had been determined by the Local Government Boundary Commission as laid out in their Report 280.


1983 Ipswich Borough Council election
It took place as part of the 1983 United Kingdom local elections.


1983 Ipswich Borough Council election
There were 16 wards each returning one councillor. The Labour Party retained control of the Council.


1983 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1983 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during June and July with the final being held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on 31 July 1983.


1983 Irish Greyhound Derby
The winner Belvedere Bran won £25,000 and was trained by Dermot O'Sullivan, owned by Cornelius 'Con' O'Sullivan and bred by Thomas McSherry. The competition was sponsored by Carrolls.


1983 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
Game Ball arrived as the favourite for the Irish Derby after his shock 1983 English Greyhound Derby; his main challengers were considered to come from the Ger McKenna team consisting of a newcomer called Count Five, Brideview Sailor and Captain Miller.


1983 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
Count Five showed first with a fast 29.04 in round one and there was a shock loss for Game Ball. Game Ball lost all form when going out of the competition in the second round but Count Five and Belvedere Bran both won again. Go Winston impressed in round three when recording 29.04, equal fastest in the event so far, but a littler later on the same night a bitch called Mams Bank set a time of 29.02 and Captain Miller also won in 29.03.


1983 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
In the semi-finals a shock was in store for Count Five as he was left at the start of his race in a very strong heat which saw a win for Belvedere Bran from Captain Miller, with Mams Bank knocked out after only finishing third. McKenna earned a second finalist after Brideview Sailor finished runner-up to Quick Suzy in heat two and English challenger Canal Road ended the semi-final proceedings by winning from Tain Mear.


1983 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
A very competitive final saw Brideview Sailor out of the traps first with Quick Suzy and Belvedere Bran just behind, Quick Suzy found trouble and faded into last place. Belvedere Bran challenged Brideview Sailor and outstayed his rival to claim the victory after an exciting battle between the pair.


1983 Irish Masters
The 1983 Irish Masters was the ninth edition of the professional invitational snooker tournament, which took place from 22 to 27 March 1983. The tournament was played at Goffs in Kill, County Kildare, and featured twelve professional players.


1983 Irish Masters
Steve Davis won the title for the first time, beating Ray Reardon 9–2 in the final.


1983 Irish Professional Championship
The 1983 Smithwicks Irish Professional Championship was a professional invitational snooker tournament, which took place in March 1983. The tournament was played at the Maysfield Leisure Centre in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and featured eight professional players.


1983 Irish Professional Championship
Alex Higgins won the title beating Dennis Taylor 16–11 in the final.


1983 Irish presidential election
In the 1983 Irish presidential election outgoing President Patrick Hillery agreed under enormous political pressure to seek a second term. Though former Nobel Peace Prize and Lenin Peace Prize winner Seán MacBride made it known in the Sunday Press that he wanted to contest the office, only Hillery was nominated and was declared re-elected without the need for a poll.


1983 Irish presidential election, Procedure
Under Article 12 of the Constitution of Ireland, candidates could be nominated by:


1983 Irish presidential election, Procedure
All Irish citizens on the Dáil electoral register were eligible to vote.


1983 Irish presidential election, Result
The Minister for the Environment made the order opening nominations on 7 October, with noon on 21 October as the deadline for nominations, and 23 November set as the date for a contest. The only candidate nominated was Patrick Hillery, who had the right to nominate himself, and he was declared elected at the close of nominations.


1983 Irish presidential election, Result
Hillery was inaugurated for his second term as President of Ireland on 3 December 1983.


1983 Israel Super Cup
The 1983 Israel Super Cup was the 13th Israel Super Cup (18th, including unofficial matches, as the competition wasn't played within the Israel Football Association in its first 5 editions, until 1969), an annual Israel football match played between the winners of the previous season's Top Division and Israel State Cup.


1983 Israel Super Cup
The match was played between Maccabi Netanya, champions of the 1982–83 Liga Leumit and Hapoel Tel Aviv, winners of the 1982–83 Israel State Cup.


1983 Israel Super Cup
This was Maccabi Netanya's 5th Israel Super Cup appearance and Hapoel Tel Aviv's 6th (including unofficial matches). At the match, played at Ramat Gan Stadium, Maccabi Netanya won 1–0.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis
The bank stock crisis was a financial crisis that occurred in Israel in 1983, during which the stocks of the four largest banks in Israel collapsed. In previous episodes of share price weakness, the banks bought back their own stocks, creating the appearance of constant demand for the stock, and artificially supporting their values. By October 1983, the banks no longer had the capital to buy back shares and support the prices. Bank share prices collapsed. The Tel Aviv Stock Exchange closed for eighteen days beginning October 6, 1983. As a consequence, these banks were nationalized by the state.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
During the 1970s, Bank Hapoalim, and its dominant manager, Yaakov Levinson, began attempting to control the bank's stock price on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. To this end they recommended to their customers to invest in the bank's stocks by fraudulently providing guarantees that the prices of shares in the banks would rise indefinitely. These investments allowed the bank to increase its available capital for investments, loans, etc. The bank also gave out generous loans to allow the customers to continue their investments, also profiting from the interest.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
Other banks joined the practice, called adjustments. Eventually all major banks manipulated their stock price this way, among them Bank Leumi, Discount Bank, Bank Igud, Bank HaMizrachi, and Bank Clali (General Bank, now U-Bank). The only prominent bank not to join the adjustments frenzy was First International Bank of Israel (FIBI).


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
The adjustments were performed through the use of other companies. For example, Bank Leumi used the "Jewish Colonial Trust Holdings and Development Company". The funding for these actions originated in loans from the bank's pension funds and similar sources. Sometimes the banks would practice mutual purchases – one bank would sell its stocks to a second bank, and buy the second bank's stocks for a similar sum.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
Under pressure from the Israeli Securities and Exchange Commission, the banks reported the adjustments in their reports, but these reports were partial, misleading, and sometimes even false. Toward their clients the banks acted in a manner later described by the Bejski Commission as based on their own interests, ignoring the clients' interests.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
The adjustments were made possible, in large part, by the banks' ownership structure. Bank Hapoalim was controlled by the Histadrut labor union's Workers Company (Hevrat HaOvdim), and Bank Leumi by the "Jewish Colonial Trust". The Hapoel HaMizrachi organization had almost none of Bank HaMizrachi's ordinary stocks, but all of its controlling shares. The owners' representatives were usually members of the ruling political parties (especially the Alignment, and the National Religious Party, or close to them). The banks' managers ran the banks for owners who understood little of banking and did not involve themselves in these actions. The fourth major bank to join this practice, Discount Bank, was different, insofar as management and control had not been ceded to outside managers.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
Also contributing to the possibility of the adjustment was the capital structure of the Israeli market. During the years following the establishment of the State of Israel, the governments used the banks as a channel for procuring capital, and instructed them on how to invest their funds. This level of control, coupled with the control of interest rates, allowed the government to effectively "print money", by getting the banks to buy government bonds. Additionally, the banks usually assumed that since their investments and loans in major players of the Israeli market, such as the kibbutzim, were according to the government's wishes, the government would guarantee these loans.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
Due to these reasons, the banks used the adjustments to issue more and more stocks, until, during the 1980s, bank stocks accounted for more than 90% of all issued shares on the stock market. They used the capital thus gained to give out loans and make investments. The banks also grew exponentially, building hundreds of new branches and hiring thousands of new employees.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
The large banks got addicted to the easy capital, but this method soon became a trap. Like the government, fearing recession, the banks avoided any move to limit their expenses. They feared for the pockets and jobs of the managers, but also the fact that the first bank to make such a move would appear inferior compared to the other banks.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
All of the regulatory bodies were well aware of the adjustments regime, but aside from slight warnings, easily dismissed by the banks' managers, they did nothing, failing even to warn the public. The Minister of the Finance, Yoram Aridor, even remarked on television that had he had the funds to do so, he would invest in the stock market.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
The adjustments were based on the promise of a constant rise in the banks' stock prices, irrespective of the economic situation. The artificial prices thus achieved created an Economic bubble, where everyone involved continued to invest increasing sums of money for lesser returns. Every new issue of bank stocks further destabilized them, since more of the capital was invested in maintaining the adjustment regime instead of profitable loans. Also, as the market share of bank stocks grew, the adjustments became weaker, as every cent (agora, actually) invested by the banks became a smaller part of the total invested capital.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, History
The real return (i.e. over and above the Consumer Price Index) on investment in the banks' stocks diminished, from a 41% return in 1980, to 34% in 1981, to 28% in 1982. Other investment options, especially purchasing U.S. dollars became more appealing, and the banks had to transfer more and more funds from their offshore tax havens to keep maintaining the illusion of safety of investing in their stocks.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Crisis
In early 1983, share prices across all non-financial stocks on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange suffered from weakness. The banks invested heavily in all issues, hoping to maintain liquidity in the market. From January through March, some regulators, among them Finance Minister Aridor and Bank of Israel Governor Mendelbaum, approached the banks several times, trying to get them to gradually reduce their adjustments. Although some bank managers realized they could not continue this for long, they did not stop. Fearing a market collapse, Finance Ministry officials kept knowledge of this from the public.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Crisis
Failing to stop the banks, Finance Ministry officials wished to execute a large devaluation of the Shekel as an excuse to stop the adjustments. However, the 8% devaluation in August was far too small to accomplish the purpose. Additionally, the supplies in the stock market grew steadily, and reached new heights in September. The public unrelentingly sold bank stocks, and purchased U.S. dollars.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Crisis
Bank stocks remained under pressure. On October 2, the first trading day after the Sukkot holiday, the public sold more bank stocks than in the entire month of September. On October 4, the Minister of Finance appeared on television saying, "We will not let the public dictate our moves," to say the large supplies would not bring about a devaluation or change of policy.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Crisis
During those years the public's trust in the Finance Minister's promises was non-existent. Most of the public assumed the minister would lie at any time, and paid no attention to his statements. Most of all, Aridor's denial made it clear that at this point the public was dictating the government's moves.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Crisis
Aridor later met with the banks' managers, who demanded the government limit the public's purchases of U.S. dollars, and allow it only for plane tickets. They assumed that without an option to save the money themselves, due to the high inflation, the public would be forced to invest in the banks' stocks. Even if their thesis was correct, one can assume such a move would only fuel the panic, and exacerbate the crisis.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Crisis
On October 5, the stock exchange again opened with large numbers of sell offers, and on October 6, 1983, nicknamed "Black Thursday", there was an onslaught of sales. It was clear a collapse was a matter of days away at most, since the banks declared that day they would be unable to absorb additional supplies without government assistance.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Crisis
That night, in a meeting at Aridor's home, it was decided that the government would purchase the banks' stocks from the public, to prevent the loss of their investments. On Sunday, October 9, the stock exchange remained closed, and stayed closed till October 24. In the meantime the shekel was devalued by 23%. The stocks sold by the public were bought by the Bank of Israel (the nation's central bank) at an average loss of 17%. Eventually, 35% of the stocks' value was lost.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results
The immediate consequences of the crisis were the loss of a third of the public's investments in the banks, the acquisition of the banks by the government at a total cost of $6.9 billion (for reference, Israel's entire GDP in 1983 was about $27 billion), and the nationalization of the major banks (Leumi, Hapoalim, HaMizrachi, Discount, and Clali).


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results
Executives of each of the banks were convicted of criminal charges. Raphael Recanati of Discount Bank and Mordechai Einhorn of Bank Leumi were both sentenced to 8-month prison terms. Recanati's sentence was suspended on appeal when one of five charges was quashed. As part of the settlement, the controlling interest in Discount Bank, as well as the other banks, was ceded to the government.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results, Bejski Commission
Following the scandal, in 1984, the State Comptroller issued a report on the crisis, causing the Knesset State Review Committee to decide on January 7, 1985, to establish a national commission of inquiry. The commission was headed by Judge Moshe Bejski. The commission presented its findings on April 16, 1986.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results, Bejski Commission
The Bejski Commission came to the conclusion that the October 1983 crisis was a direct result of the stock adjustment. The commission pointed to four criminal offenses allegedly performed during the adjustment: financing and giving loans for the purchase of bank stock by the banks themselves; fraud and deceit of the client to get them to purchase stocks; conditioning one service on another; and perjury before the commission.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results, Bejski Commission
The commission's report states the regulatory bodies acted negligently and irresponsibly, but there were no recommendations for actions against them. Following the commission's conclusions, and after a long struggle, the banks' managers were dismissed, but no criminal charges were brought against them initially, due to "lack of public interest", according to the State Attorney. In 1990 the Supreme Court decided to order a trial of the banks' managers, and the accountants who lied to the commission.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results, Bejski Commission
On the administrative side, the commission concluded that investment recommendations should be separated from ownership, that is, the banks should be separated from the Pension Funds and Trust Funds. These recommendations were not implemented, due to pressure from the banks and the government's conflict of interests as the banks' owner at the time.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results, Bejski Commission
The government later sold some of the banks to private investors, selling Bank Hapoalim in 1996, and HaMizrachi in 1998. The government also sold a major part of its stock in Leumi bank in 2005, and of Discount in 2006.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results, Bejski Commission
In the early years of the 21st century, some of the commission's recommendations were finally put into place. After all four banks were sold by the mid-2000s, the recommendations of the subsequent Bachar commission, which reached the same conclusions regarding separating the banks' depository and investment banking/fund management operations as the Bejski commission, were finally carried out as well.


1983 Israel bank stock crisis, Results, Bejski Commission
It may be argued that the timing of the crisis may have also had some additional positive effect, as the implementation of the subsequent tough banking regulations and reforms, albeit somewhat belatedly, were put in place just in time to help Israeli banks avert many of the problems experienced by banks in many other Western countries during the Global Financial Crisis of the late 2000s – by limiting Israeli banks' exposure to risky activities. This helped ensure a stable domestic banking sector, which contributed significantly to the relative resilience of the Israeli economy in face of the late-2000s recession.


1983 Israeli presidential election
An election for President of Israel was held in the Knesset on 22 March 1983.


1983 Israeli presidential election, History
Yitzhak Navon, elected in 1978, turned down the opportunity to run for a second term of office. Chaim Herzog was elected by the Knesset to serve as the sixth President of Israel, by a vote of 61 to 57. He was opposed by Menachem Elon, the candidate of the right and the government coalition. Herzog's term began on 5 May. He held office until 1993, when Ezer Weizman was elected president.


1983 Italian Athletics Championships
The 1983 Italian Athletics Championships was the 73rd edition of the Italian Athletics Championships and were held in Rome (track & field events).


1983 Italian Grand Prix
The 1983 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monza on 11 September 1983. It was the thirteenth race of the 1983 Formula One World Championship.


1983 Italian Grand Prix
The 52-lap race was won by Nelson Piquet, driving a Brabham-BMW, with René Arnoux second in a Ferrari and Eddie Cheever third in a Renault. Drivers' Championship leader Alain Prost retired with a turbo failure midway through the race, allowing Piquet and Arnoux to close to within five and two points of him respectively in the championship.