1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 4: vs Atlanta Falcons
The Atlanta Falcons, who in 1977 had set an NFL record for fewest points allowed, held the Buccaneers to no first downs and one pass completion in the first half. The Falcons were caught sitting on a 2-point lead when the Buccaneers put together a 57-yard fourth-quarter drive, capped by a touchdown pass from Doug Williams to Jim Obradovich, to win the game. Mike Washington scored early on a 79-yard return of a blocked field goal, still (as of 2009) a Tampa Bay record. The Buccaneers missed two later touchdown opportunities on dropped passes by Isaac Hagins.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 4: vs Atlanta Falcons
Jimmy DuBose carried four times for 21 yards on the game-winning drive. Mike Washington scored on a blocked field goal, and a Ricky Bell fumble led to Steve Bartkowski's 5-yard pass to Al Jackson. The Buccaneers ran out the clock by holding the ball for the final five minutes of the game, something coach McKay didn't think the team would be able to do against the Atlanta defense. The entire game was played in a driving rainstorm, with wind gusts of up to 40 mph. Hagins later underwent x-rays that revealed that he suffered a fractured vertebra during the game. He was placed on injured reserve, and Larry Franklin was signed to fill his roster spot.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 5: vs Minnesota Vikings
Vikings quarterback Fran Tarkenton completed 20 of 31 passes for 213 yards. He passed for a touchdown to Sammy White, and set up a rushing touchdown by Robert Miller. Doug Williams completed a Buccaneer-record 16 of 35 passes for 311 yards, including a 56-yard touchdown to Morris Owens. Alan Page blocked a Dave Green punt that was returned for the final touchdown. The Vikings also blocked an earlier field goal attempt, described by John McKay as looking like "The ball was snapped like a dying quail and about 25 men came through to block it". As opposed to the previous meeting, the Vikings played error-free football.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 6: at Kansas City Chiefs
The Buccaneers, playing with the goal of keeping the Kansas City Chiefs’ Wing-T offense on the bench as much as possible, held them to little more than half of their regular rushing average. Meanwhile, the Buccaneers’ offense had their most productive day ever, setting a team record with three fourth-quarter touchdowns. Jimmy DuBose ran for two touchdowns and Louis Carter for one, and Doug Williams threw a 10-yard touchdown pass to Morris Owens. Kansas City was held to a pair of Jan Stenerud field goals for most of the game.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 6: at Kansas City Chiefs
A fourth-quarter Tony Adams pass was ruled a touchdown, although replays showed that receiver Henry Marshall failed to keep both of his feet inbounds. Richard Wood was given much of the credit for stifling the Chiefs’ league-leading rushing attack. Wood correctly expected that Chiefs offensive coordinator Tom Pagna would run the offense straight at him, as he did when Wood played at USC and Pagna coached at Notre Dame. Pagna assumed incorrectly that the undersized Wood would be overpowered, but Wood instead responded by making 12 tackles. This was the Buccaneers’ third consecutive road win, and came one day after the Kansas City Royals were eliminated from the American League pennant race.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 7: at New York Giants
October 15, 1978, at Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, New Jersey


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 7: at New York Giants
The New York Giants capitalized on two late turnovers to come from behind for the win. Giants linebacker Harry Carson intercepted a Doug Williams pass, then recovered a Louis Carter fumble. Both turnovers led to touchdown runs by Larry Csonka. Neil O'Donoghue missed on a last-minute 42-yard field goal attempt into strong winds. Doug Williams was 7-for-27 passing, with two interceptions. The second of these interceptions proved very costly, as Jimmy DuBose suffered what turned out to be a career-ending knee injury while trying to make a tackle on the return. This occurred only four plays after DuBose's 109 yards rushing made him the first Buccaneer rusher to pass the 100-yard mark in a game. Jerry Golsteyn replaced Joe Pisarcik at quarterback for the Giants, and led both of the fourth-quarter winning drives.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 8: vs Chicago Bears
The Chicago Bears expected to face the mistake-prone Buccaneer team they had seen in game films, but were instead confronted with an efficient team that controlled the ball and took advantage of Bears mistakes. Doug Williams threw touchdown passes to Jim Obradovich and Morris Owens, and unexpectedly ran for some key first downs. Gary Fencik intercepted him at the goal line on one drive, but the Bears failed to gain a first down on the ensuing possession.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 8: vs Chicago Bears
Ricky Bell, until recently seeing primary duty blocking for Jimmy DuBose, returned to his lead runner spot and gained 95 yards on 28 carries. He was awarded a game ball for his effort. Dave Lewis intercepted Bob Avellini twice in the final two minutes, and the Buccaneers’ defense held Walter Payton to a season-low 34 yards rushing in the Bears’ fifth consecutive loss. The Buccaneers made several changes in starting lineup going into the game: Wally Chambers made his first start of the year, Johnny Davis replaced the injured DuBose at fullback, and recently acquired Frank Grant got the start at wide receiver.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 9: at Green Bay Packers
The Green Bay Packers held the Buccaneers without a first down or completed pass for the first 37 minutes of the game. The Buccaneers took the lead on a 2-yard Ricky Bell run that was set up by a Morris Owens reception of a 53-yard Doug Williams pass. Chester Marcol kicked the game-winning field goal. Neil O'Donoghue missed two field goals in the contest. Williams’ final pass was intercepted by Willie Buchanon. The Buccaneers shut down running back Terdell Middleton and knocked quarterback David Whitehurst dizzy, but Whitehurst returned to lead the game-winning 50-yard drive. Tampa Bay's uncharacteristic move to a man-to-man defense left Steve Odom open to catch Whitehurst's 18-yard pass on a fourth down during that drive.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 10: at Los Angeles Rams
November 5, 1978, at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, Los Angeles, California


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 10: at Los Angeles Rams
Three Buccaneer starters went out with injuries, most significantly Doug Williams, who suffered a broken jaw on a Jack Youngblood blitz. Darryl Carlton separated a shoulder, and Dewey Selmon broke his wrist. Mike Rae played in relief of Williams, completing 9 of 17 passes for 123 yards and a touchdown. The Rams double-covered both Buccaneer receivers, leaving no coverage to prevent Rae from rushing for 95 yards on four carries. Ricky Bell had his first 100-yard rushing day, with 21 carries for 104 yards.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 10: at Los Angeles Rams
The Buccaneers set several team records in this game: 209 yards was their highest rushing total yet, Bell's 555 yards were a Buccaneer single-season rushing record, and Neil O'Donoghue's 38 points were a new season scoring record. Although the Rams were not on McKay's list of 18 teams that he felt the Buccaneers were competitive with, Tampa Bay rallied to a 23–23 fourth-quarter tie before losing on a late Frank Corral field goal. It was the Buccaneers’ third fourth-quarter collapse in four weeks. The Buccaneers’ performance drew cheers from the Los Angeles crowd, among whom McKay was still a popular figure.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 11: at Detroit Lions
The Detroit Lions gained 404 yards in the Buccaneers’ worst defensive performance since 1976. Horace King became only the third running  back in two seasons to gain 100 yards against the Buccaneers. Three defenders missed tackles on his 75-yard touchdown run. Gary Danielson completed 15 of 24 passes for 206 yards and two touchdowns, both to David Hill. John McKay blamed the poor performance on mental errors, such as three defenders covering one receiver while the other remained open.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 11: at Detroit Lions
The Lions also took advantage of the inexperience of middle linebacker Rik Bonness, who was playing at the unfamiliar outside linebacker position due to injuries to Cecil Johnson and Dana Nafziger. The depletion of the linebacker corps required a shift to a 4–3 defense, which the players had difficulty adjusting to. McKay said, "If I had a gun, I would have shot our guys", of all the receivers left open. Buccaneers quarterbacks were sacked eight times, five times by Bubba Baker. The Buccaneers scored on touchdown passes from Mike Rae to Jim Obradovich and from Gary Huff to George Ragsdale. Neil O'Donoghue kicked three field goals, including a club-record 49-yarder. The loss left the Buccaneers and Lions tied for last place in the NFC Central.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 12: vs Buffalo Bills
Following two subpar defensive performances, the Buccaneers held the Bills without a touchdown until the fourth quarter, when the Buccaneers already had a 31–3 lead. Buc defenders cheered a return to their regular 3–4 alignment. Johnny Davis gained 78 yards on 18 carries after a Bills player fell on Ricky Bell's knee. The injury to Bell, combined with the earlier injuries to Doug Williams and Jimmy DuBose, left the Buccaneers without their entire starting backfield. Buccaneers running backs nevertheless combined for 204 yards. Bell and Davis ran for a touchdown each. Mike Rae threw two touchdown passes; one to Morris Owens, and another to Jimmie Giles for the first of Giles’ career.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 13: at Chicago Bears
The Bears held the Buccaneers to a season-low 92 yards of total offense. Tampa Bay repeatedly failed to score, despite getting the ball with good field position. Mike Rae was sacked seven times in his first 11 pass attempts. The Bears controlled the ball for 22:26 of the second half, consistently breaking Walter Payton and Roland Harper for short gains. Payton finished the day with 105 yards rushing and Harper 144, the first time the Buccaneers had allowed two 100-yard rushers in a single game. It was only the second time in history that the Bears had two backs each rush for 100 yards. McKay declined to give the Bears much credit, saying that "they had a lot of success running and holding at the same time".


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 14: vs Green Bay Packers
Again playing without their entire starting backfield, the Buccaneers outgained Green Bay in several major offensive statistics, including a 321–173 yardage advantage, but were outscored by the Packers. A knee injury to Lee Roy Selmon meant that all three of their players selected with first-round draft picks were out with injuries. George Ragsdale, Johnny Davis, Jim Obradovich, Neil O'Donoghue, and Danny Reece were also injured during the game, which left the Buccaneers with only three running backs on the roster. The Buccaneers finished the game with only 37 healthy players, eight under the NFL roster limit.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 14: vs Green Bay Packers
The 173 yards allowed was one of several team records set during the game, and the season total to date of 228 points equaled the team's total scoring of the first two seasons combined. Ragsdale's 14-yard touchdown run was their longest touchdown run of the year. Ragsdale, having been knocked cold, was unable to hear the crowd's applause. The Packers scored on a 10-yard David Whitehurst pass to James Lofton, a 27-yard Chester Marcol field goal, and a 1-yard Barty Smith run. The win broke the Packers’ four-game losing streak.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 15: at San Francisco 49ers
In a meeting between the NFL's two worst offenses, the San Francisco 49ers’ Ray Wersching kicked a fourth-quarter field goal to win the first game in which the Buccaneer defense held their opposition without a touchdown. The Buccaneers committed ten fumbles, were intercepted five times, allowed eleven sacks, and scored no touchdowns. McKay was so upset that he cancelled his regular press conference the Monday following the game, and indicated that he would not be present at his Friday press conference. The 49ers fumbled six times, were intercepted twice, and allowed five sacks.


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 15: at San Francisco 49ers
Mark Cotney's 28-yard interception return set up Tampa Bay's only score, a 35-yard Dave Green field goal. The previous week's injury to Neil O'Donoghue became an issue, as Green's limited range prevented the Buccaneers from attempting potential game-winning or -tying field goals. Bill Kollar started and led the team in tackles for the second week in a row. The boredom of the game was such that one of the coaches spoke of setting himself on fire on the sideline, prompting a Buccaneer publicist to request that the team band be ready to play "You Light Up My Life".


1978 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season, Game summaries, Week 16: vs New Orleans Saints
New Orleans Saints quarterback Archie Manning completed 25 of 38 passes for 250 yards, the most passing yards yet allowed by the Buccaneers, and a touchdown to Henry Childs. Chuck Muncie broke four tackles while scoring on a 21-yard run. The Buccaneer defense played uncharacteristically poorly, allowing 421 yards of offense. Special teams also broke down on several occasions. McKay called it the worst game the team had yet played, and promised that changes would be made. Buccaneer receivers blamed lack of concentration for missed routes and dropped balls. Doug Williams returned to the starting lineup, but Tampa Bay was able to control the ball for only 19 of the game's 60 minutes. Williams, playing with his jaw still wired shut, threw a 2-yard fourth-down pass to Jimmie Giles for the Buccaneers’ only touchdown.


1978 Tampa Bay Rowdies indoor season
The 1978 Tampa Bay Rowdies indoor season was the fourth indoor season of the club's existence.


1978 Tampa Bay Rowdies indoor season, Overview
Though it had appeared, after the success of an international friendly between Tampa Bay and Zenit Leningrad in 1977, that the North American Soccer League was finally poised to sanction a full indoor season for 1978, the owners ultimately pulled the plug on the idea for the second straight year with a majority "no" vote. The NASL however did not restrict teams from scheduling matches on their own.


1978 Tampa Bay Rowdies indoor season, Overview
Tampa Bay scheduled nine indoor games for 1978, eight of which were played. The Rowdies first match on January 28 against the Washington Diplomats also marked Gordon Jago's debut as Rowdies head coach. This was followed by two more matches with Washington. What would have been the fourth match of the season was canceled because the roof of the Hartford Civic Center Coliseum, where the Rowdies were scheduled to take on the Rochester Lancers, collapsed under the weight of a heavy snowfall in the early morning hours of January 18.


1978 Tampa Bay Rowdies indoor season, Overview
The next two matches, both against the Tulsa Roughnecks, marked the Roughnecks' first ever match and first ever match in Tulsa, played on February 11 and 14 respectively. This was followed by matches against the Dallas Tornado and Minnesota Kicks. The Rowdies' final match was nearly two months later, an international friendly against Norwich City on May 3. All home games were played at the Bayfront Center in St. Petersburg, Florida.


1978 Tampa Bay Rowdies indoor season, Statistics, Scoring
GP = Games Played, G = Goals (worth 2 points), A = Assists (worth 1 point), Pts = Points


1978 Tampa Bay Rowdies indoor season, Statistics, Goalkeeping
Note: GP = Games played; Min = Minutes; SV = Saves; GA = Goals against; GAA = Goals against average; W = Wins; L = Losses


1978 Tangerine Bowl
The 1978 Tangerine Bowl was an American college football bowl game that was played on December 23, 1978 at Orlando Stadium in Orlando, Florida. The game matched the Pittsburgh Panthers against the NC State Wolfpack. It was the final contest of the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season for both teams. The game ended in a 30–17 victory for the Wolfpack.


1978 Tangerine Bowl, Teams
The game matched the Pittsburgh Panthers against the NC State Wolfpack of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The Panthers had no affiliation to a conference, and the Wolfpack had a conference record of 4–2. The game was the first bowl game featuring the Panthers and the Wolfpack, and was their third overall meeting. Pittsburgh led the series 2–0 heading into the game, and the teams' previous meeting was in 1953, when the Panthers defeated the Wolfpack 40–6.


1978 Tayside Regional Council election
The second election to Tayside Regional Council was held on 2 May 1978 as part of the wider 1978 Scottish regional elections. The election saw the Conservatives maintain their control of the region, gaining an absolute majority. following the election the Conservative former Lord Provost of Dundee, William K. Fitzgerald, became convener of the council.


1978 Taça de Portugal Final
The 1978 Taça de Portugal Final was the final match of the 1977–78 Taça de Portugal, the 38th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The final was played at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides Porto and Sporting CP. As the inaugural final match finished 1–1, the final was replayed a week later at the same venue with the Leões defeating the Portistas 2–1 to claim a tenth Taça de Portugal.


1978 Temple Owls football team
The 1978 Temple Owls football team was an American football team that represented Temple University as an independent during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. In its ninth season under head coach Wayne Hardin, the team compiled a 7–3–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 280 to 203. The team played its home games at Veterans Stadium in Philadelphia.


1978 Temple Owls football team
The team's statistical leaders included Brian Broomell with 1,362 passing yards, Zachary Dixon with 1,153 rushing yards and 60 points scored, and Steve Watson with 637 receiving yards.


1978 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1978 Tennessee Volunteers football team (variously "Tennessee", "UT" or the "Vols") represented the University of Tennessee in the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. Playing as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), the team was led by head coach Johnny Majors, in his second year, and played their home games at Neyland Stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee. They finished the season with a record of five wins, five losses and one tie (5–5–1 overall, 3–3 in the SEC).


1978 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 1978 Tennessee gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1978. Republican nominee Lamar Alexander defeated Democratic nominee Jake Butcher with 55.84% of the vote.


1978 Texas A&M Aggies football team
The 1978 Texas A&M Aggies football team represented Texas A&M University in the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season as a member of the Southwest Conference (SWC). The Aggies were led by head coach Emory Bellard in his seventh season through the first six games before his resignation on October 24. Tom Wilson was named interim coach and led the Aggies in their final six games. and finished with a record of eight wins and four losses (8–4 overall, 4–4 in the SWC) and with a victory in the Hall of Fame Classic.


1978 Texas Longhorns football team
The 1978 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Longhorns finished the regular season with an 8-3 record and defeated Maryland in the Sun Bowl.


1978 Texas Longhorns football team, 1978 team players in the NFL
The following players were drafted into professional football following the season.


1978 Texas Rangers season
The 1978 Texas Rangers season involved the Rangers finishing 2nd in the American League West with a record of 87 wins and 75 losses.


1978 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1978 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1978 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1978 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1978 Texas Rangers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1978 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team
The 1978 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team represented Texas Tech University in the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their first season under head coach Rex Dockery, the Red Raiders compiled a 7–4 record (5–3 against SWC opponents), were outscored by a combined total of 268 to 246, and finished in fourth place in the conference. The team played its home games at Clifford B. and Audrey Jones Stadium in Lubbock, Texas.


1978 Texas gubernatorial election
The 1978 Texas gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1978, to elect the Governor of Texas. In a surprising upset, Republican Bill Clements was narrowly elected over Democrat State Attorney General John Luke Hill, winning 50% of the vote to Hill's 49%. In doing so, Clements became the first Republican to be elected governor since Reconstruction.


1978 Texas gubernatorial election, Democratic Party
Dolph Briscoe, who had first been elected in 1972 and was easily re-elected in 1974, had become increasingly unpopular within the Texas Democratic Party during his six years in office. John Luke Hill fielded a primary challenge against the Governor, as a liberal alternative to Briscoe, who represented the more conservative, rural faction of the party. Dissatisfaction with Briscoe prompted former Governor Preston Smith to enter the race, running as a populist alternative to the other two candidates. Briscoe had previously defeated Smith in the 1972 primary.


1978 Texas gubernatorial election, Videos
(2) Gubernatorial Debate on October 24, 1978 at KPRC-TV Studios in Houston


1978 Texas gubernatorial election, Videos
(4) Gubernatorial Debate on October 27, 1978 at KERA-TV Studios in Dallas


1978 Texas–Arlington Mavericks football team
The 1978 Texas–Arlington Mavericks football team was an American football team that represented  the University of Texas at Arlington in the Southland Conference during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fifth year under head coach Harold Elliott, the team compiled a 5–6 record.


1978 Thailand Regional Games
The 12th Thailand National Games (Thai: กีฬาเขตแห่งประเทศไทย ครั้งที่ 12, also known as the 1978 National Games and the 1978 Interprovincial Games) were held in Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand from 24 to 30 January 1979, with competitions in 14 sports and athletes from 10 regions. These games were the qualifications for Thai athletes for the 1978 Asian Games.


1978 Thailand Regional Games
The 1978 games were postponed by the Udon Thani floods until January 1979.


1978 Thailand Regional Games, Emblem
The emblem of 1978 Thailand National Games was a purple circle, with the emblem of Sports Authority of Thailand on the inside, and surrounded by the text


1978 Thailand Regional Games, Emblem
กีฬาเขตแห่งประเทศไทย ครั้งที่ 12 อุบลราชธานี ๒๕๒๑SAT 11th Thailand Regional Games, Ubon Ratchathani 1978


1978 Thailand Regional Games, Participating regions
The 11th Thailand National Games represented 10 regions from 72 provinces. Phayao, formerly part of Chiang Rai, made their debut.


1978 The Citadel Bulldogs football team
The 1978 The Citadel Bulldogs football team represented The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina in the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. Art Baker served as head coach for the first season. The Bulldogs played as members of the Southern Conference and played home games at Johnson Hagood Stadium.


1978 Thessaloniki earthquake
The 1978 Thessaloniki earthquake (Greek: Μεγάλος Σεισμός της Θεσσαλονίκης) occurred on 20 June at 23:03 local time. The shock registered 6.5 on the moment magnitude scale, had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), and was felt throughout northern Greece, Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. It was the largest event in the area since the 1932 Ierissos earthquake.


1978 Thessaloniki earthquake
It was the first earthquake that hit a big city in Greece. It is estimated that 49 people died, 37 of which were living in the same block of flats in the city center that collapsed. More than 220 people were injured and many thousands were left homeless. 3170 buildings (4.5%) were found to have severe damages (red label), 13918 buildings (21.0%) had moderate damages (yellow label), and 49071 buildings (74.5%) were found to have no damages (green label), as per the assessment of the Greek authorities.


1978 Thessaloniki earthquake
There have also been some recorded damages in archaeological monuments like the Arch of Galerius and Rotunda and the Church of the Acheiropoietos.


1978 Thunderbird Classic
The 1978 Thunderbird Classic was a women's singles tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Arizona Biltmore Hotel in Phoenix, Arizona in the United States. The event was part of the AA category of the 1978 Colgate Series. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and was held from October 2 through October 8, 1978. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $14,000 first-prize money.


1978 Thunderbird Classic, Winners, Doubles
Tracy Austin /  Betty Stöve defeated  Martina Navratilova /  Anne Smith 6–4, 6–7, 6–2


1978 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1978 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 88th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.


1978 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
On 15 October 1978, Kilruane MacDonaghs were the defending champions.


1978 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
Kilruane MacDonaghs won the championship after a 2-14 to 2-13 defeat of Roscrea in the final at Semple Stadium. It was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1978 Tirreno–Adriatico
The 1978 Tirreno–Adriatico was the 13th edition of the Tirreno–Adriatico cycle race and was held from 11 March to 16 March 1978. The race started in Santa Marinella and finished in San Benedetto del Tronto. The race was won by Giuseppe Saronni of the Scic team.


1978 Toledo Rockets football team
The 1978 Toledo Rockets football team was an American football team that represented the University of Toledo in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their second season under head coach Chuck Stobart, the Rockets compiled a 2–9 record (2–7 against MAC opponents), finished in eighth place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 256 to 144.


1978 Toledo Rockets football team
The team's statistical leaders included Maurice Hall with 610 passing yards, Mike Alston with 460 rushing yards, and Butch Hunyadi with 494 receiving yards.


1978 Tongan general election
General elections were held in Tonga on 14 April 1978. Seven nobles were elected by their peers, whilst a further seven People's Representatives were publicly elected. All candidates ran as independents.


1978 Toray Sillook Open
The 1978 Toray Sillook Open was a women's singles tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo in Japan. The event was part of the AAA category of the 1978 Colgate Series. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 14 September through 17 September 1978. First-seeded Virginia Wade won the title and earned $20,000 first-prize money.


1978 Torneo Descentralizado
The 1978 Torneo Descentralizado, the top category of Peruvian football (soccer), was played by 16 teams. The national champion was Alianza Lima.


1978 Torneo Descentralizado
The season was divided into 2 stages. A Preliminary Tournament contested in two groups; this was a friendly tournament to keep teams occupied as the National Team was preparing for the 1978 World Cup Finals. The second stage was the Decentralized (league tournament); the top 2 qualified for Copa Libertadores and the last team was relegated.


1978 Torneo Godó
The 1978 Torneo Godó or Trofeo Conde de Godó was a men's tennis tournament that took place on outdoor clay courts in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was the 26th edition of the tournament and was part of the 1978 Grand Prix circuit. It was held from 9 October until 15 October 1978. Eighth-seeded Balázs Taróczy won the singles title.


1978 Torneo Godó, Finals, Singles
Balázs Taróczy defeated  Ilie Năstase 1–6, 7–5, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4


1978 Torneo Godó, Finals, Doubles
Željko Franulović' /  Hans Gildemeister defeated  Jean-Louis Haillet /  Gilles Moretton 6–1, 6–4


1978 Torneo di Viareggio
The 1978 winners of the Torneo di Viareggio (in English, the Viareggio Tournament, officially the Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale), the annual youth football tournament held in Viareggio, Tuscany, are listed below.


1978 Torneo di Viareggio, Format
The 16 teams are seeded in 4 groups. Each team from a group meets the others in a single tie. The winner of each group progress to the final knockout stage.


1978 Toronto Argonauts season
The 1978 Toronto Argonauts finished in fourth place in the Eastern Conference with a 4–12 record and failed to make the playoffs.


1978 Toronto Blue Jays season
The 1978 Toronto Blue Jays season was the franchise's second season of Major League Baseball. It resulted in the Blue Jays finishing seventh in the American League East with a record of 59 wins and 102 losses.


1978 Toronto Blue Jays season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs scored; H = Hits; 2B = Doubles; 3B = Triples; Avg = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1978 Toronto Blue Jays season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs scored; H = Hits; 2B = Doubles; 3B = Triples; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; Avg = Batting average; SB = Stolen bases


1978 Toronto Blue Jays season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; IP = Innings pitched; R = Runs allowed; ER = Earned runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts


1978 Toronto Blue Jays season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; IP = Innings pitched; R = Runs allowed; ER = Earned runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts


1978 Toronto Blue Jays season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; R = Runs allowed; ER = Earned runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts


1978 Toronto International Film Festival
The 3rd Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) took place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between September 14 and September 21, 1978. It showcased 85 films, the lowest number of films in the festival's history. In Praise of Older Women directed by George Kaczender was selected as the opening film. When the Ontario Film Review Board objected to a 40-second scene between Marilyn Lightstone and Tom Berenger, co-producer of the film Robert Lantos cut the scene for the theatrical run. Despite that, some of the TIFF staff managed to smuggle original uncut version of the film and run it into the theatre.


1978 Toronto International Film Festival
The news was well publicised, increasing interest in the film, in turn boosting ticket sales. Difficulties arose when audiences waiting outside the theatre noticed that each ticket admitted two person thus causing anger in the crowd. The audience who were not able to get seats during the first screening were invited to a later screening. The People's Choice Award was introduced this year, which is given to a feature film chosen by a vote of the festival audience.


1978 Toronto International Film Festival
Louis Malle's film Pretty Baby was banned by the OFRB, due to its sensitive subject matter.


1978 Toronto municipal election
The Toronto municipal election of 1978 held on Monday, November 13, 1978, was the first seriously contested mayoralty race in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, since David Crombie took office in the 1972 election. Crombie left municipal politics earlier in 1978 to seek and win a seat in the House of Commons of Canada as the Progressive Conservative Member of Parliament for Rosedale electoral district.


1978 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, Mayoral race
The contest to succeed Crombie (or more correctly, interim Mayor Fred Beavis) was a wide-open affair that saw three aldermen, David Smith, Tony O'Donohue and John Sewell contest the position.


1978 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, Mayoral race
Though O'Donohue and Smith were both aligned with the Liberals with links to developers, O'Donohue was seen as more right-wing and won the endorsement of the conservative Toronto Sun newspaper, while Smith was seen as more of a centrist.


1978 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, Mayoral race
Sewell had first been elected to Toronto city council in 1969 and had a reputation as a community activist and even a radical. His backers consisted of New Democratic Party supporters (although Sewell himself has never been a member of the party), left-wing Liberals and Red Tories, many of whom had supported Crombie who, despite his Tory allegiance, had a reputation as a reform mayor on the left-wing of the municipal political spectrum.


1978 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, Mayoral race
The split on the right between O'Donohue and Smith allowed Sewell to win with less than 50% of the vote.


1978 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, Mayoral race
Sewell received strong support from younger voters, tenants, and the highly educated and affluent. He carried midtown (ward 5), the downtown (wards 6 and 7, the latter of which he represented as an alderman), the east end (wards 8 and 9) and one of the city's wealthy northern wards (ward 10). O'Donohue won the working class, heavily Catholic and ethnic west end (wards 1-4), one of which he represented as an alderman; Sewell fared poorly in the west end. Smith narrowly beat Sewell in the northern ward 11, which he had represented as an alderman.


1978 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, City council
Top two from each ward elected to Toronto City Council. Top one from each ward also wins a seat on Metro Toronto council.


1978 Toronto municipal election, Toronto, By-elections
Ward 4 Alderman George Ben died on December 17, 1978. A by-election was held on February 26, 1979:


1978 Toronto municipal election, North York
Mel Lastman was re-elected mayor receiving the most votes ever recorded for a North York mayor. Barbara Greene, Esther Shiner and Robert Yuill were re-elected to Board of Control with Irving Paisley taking the fourth seat. Greene received the most votes for a Board of Control member which carries the post of deputy mayor. Some analysts thought that her chances of retaining the position may have been hurt by her becoming a single mother in the previous year. In the ward races, three incumbents were ousted including Mario Sergio over Gord Risk in Ward 1; Howard Moscoe over Murray Markin in Ward 4; and Mike Foster over Marilyn Meshberg in Ward 5. Elinor Caplan won in ward 13 to replace Mike Smith who retired from council.


1978 Toronto municipal election, Scarborough
Gus Harris won his first term as mayor defeating interim mayor Ken Morrish by 3,000 votes. Morrish was appointed interim mayor after Paul Cosgrove resigned to run federally. Incumbent controllers Brian Harrison, Joyce Trimmer and Frank Faubert were all re-elected while alderman Carol Ruddell took the fourth spot. Shirley Eidt returned to council after beating one term alderman Brian Brazier. Newcomers include Wally Majesky (Ward 2), Alan Robinson (Ward 5), and Maureen Prinsloo (Ward 10).


1978 Toronto municipal election, York
In the borough of York, Gayle Christie defeated Philip White who had been Mayor since 1969.


1978 Tour de France
The 1978 Tour de France was the 65th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took place between 29 June and 23 July, with 22 stages covering a distance of 3,908 km (2,428 mi).


1978 Tour de France
The 1978 Tour had a high-profile doping case when Michel Pollentier was caught in an attempt to cheat the doping test, after he had won the 16th stage to Alpe d'Huez, and had taken the lead in the general classification. Pollentier left the race, and the overall victory became a battle between Joop Zoetemelk and Bernard Hinault. In the end, it was won by debutant Bernard Hinault, for the first of his five victories. The points classification was won by Freddy Maertens, and the mountains classification by Mariano Martínez.


1978 Tour de France, Teams
The 1978 Tour started with 11 teams, each sent 10 cyclists, a total of 110.


1978 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
Since the 1977 Tour de France, dominant riders as Eddy Merckx, Felice Gimondi, Raymond Poulidor and Luis Ocaña had retired. Lucien Van Impe, the winner of 1976, had broken his collarbone and was still recovering.


1978 Tour de France, Pre-race favourites
The main contenders were debutant Hinault, who had won the 1978 Vuelta a España, and Joop Zoetemelk, who had already finished in second place for three times. Pre -race analysis judged Hinault better in the time trials, and Zoetemelk better in the mountains. Bernard Thévenet, the winner of the 1977 Tour de France, was out of form, and not considered a favourite.


1978 Tour de France, Route and stages
The 1978 Tour de France started on 29 June, and had two rest days, in Biarritz and Alpe d'Huez. The highest point of elevation in the race was 2,115 m (6,939 ft) at the summit of the Col du Tourmalet mountain pass on stage 11.


1978 Tour de France, Route and stages
The twenty-first stage from Epernay to Senlis was split in three parts: 78.5 km from Epernay to Soissons, directly followed by 59 km from Soissons to Compiègne, directly followed by 70.5 km from Compiègne to Senlis; the sprints in Soissons and Compiegne counted as flying stages, which were won by Freddy Maertens and Wilfried Wesemael. Although they technically had the same status as all other stages, these flying stages are not shown in most overviews.


1978 Tour de France, Race overview
During the prologue, held in the Netherlands, the weather was bad. The four top places were taken by Dutch cyclists, with Jan Raas the winner. The team directors then had a meeting, and all but the manager of Raas' team voted to request the Tour directors to not count the results from the prologue for the overall classification. The directors agreed, so the prologue results did not count. Jan Raas was still given the stage win, but he was not recognized as race leader, so he was not allowed to wear the yellow jersey during the first stage. The winner of the previous year, Bernard Thévenet, was allowed to wear the yellow jersey, but he refused. In that first stage, Raas and his team were full of anger. Raas escaped close to the finish, and beat everybody by a second, thus becoming the race's leader after all.


1978 Tour de France, Race overview
Raas lost the lead in the third stage. The fourth stage was run as a time trial. The TI–Raleigh team was specialized in this, and they won the stage. Klaus-Peter Thaler of the TI–Raleigh team became the new leader, thanks to the bonification seconds. Hinault beat Zoetemelk in the time trial in stage eight. Joseph Bruyère, former second man of Eddy Merckx, finished in second place and became the new race leader.


1978 Tour de France, Race overview
The eleventh stage included the toughest mountains in the Pyrenées. On the last mountain, the Pla d'Adet, Pollentier and Zoetemelk attacked, and Martinez and Hinault soon followed. Martinez rode away to win the stage, and Hinault won some seconds on Zoetemelk. Bruyère stayed the leader, with Hinault in second place and Zoetemelk in third place. During that stage, Thevenet retired. The next day, the twelfth stage was scheduled, split into two sections. This meant that after the transfer from the previous stage, the riders were not in bed before 12:00 am, and had to wake up at 5:00 am.


1978 Tour de France, Race overview
In the early stage to Valence-d'Agen, the riders held a strike against the early start. They rode at a slow pace of 20 kilometres per hour (12 mph), arrived at the finish well behind schedule, and crossed the finish line walking. The Tour officials canceled the stage. The fourteenth stage was an individual mountain time trial. Zoetemelk won the stage, beating Bruyère by 55 seconds and Hinault by 100 seconds. Hinault had lost some time because his lightweight bike, that he intended to use for the steepest part, broke when he hit a spectator while changing bikes.


1978 Tour de France, Race overview
In the sixteenth stage, that ended on top of Alpe d'Huez, Pollentier attacked. At the foot of the Alpe d'Huez, Pollentier had a margin of two minutes. He was chased by Hinault, Zoetemelk and Kuiper, who at 4 km before the finish had closed the gap to 50 seconds. Hinault then attacked, and Kuiper could follow but Zoetemelk had to let them go. Pollentier stayed away, won the stage and became the new leader of the general classification. As stage winner and general classification leader, Pollentier had to go to the doping control.


1978 Tour de France, Race overview
Pollentier first went to his hotel, and was only found two hours later. Another cyclist at the doping control, Antoine Guttierrez, was found with a fake urine sample, trying to use it to fake the doping control. This device did not work, and the race doctor discovered the fraud. He then checked the other cyclists, and Pollentier was using the same fraud. Pollentier was removed from the race, and Zoetemelk became the new leader. Pollentier later explained that he tried to evade the controls because he had taken amphetamines for breathing, and he did not know if it would give back a positive test.


1978 Tour de France, Race overview
In the seventeenth stage, Kuiper, third in the general classification, crashed, broke a clavicle, and had to leave the race. Hinault was only 14 seconds behind Zoetemelk at the start of the time trial in stage 20. Hinault won that time trial by more than four minutes over Zoetemelk, and became the race leader.


1978 Tour de France, Race overview, Doping
In total, 110 doping tests were done. Three cyclists were penalised for doping offences, all tested after the sixteenth stage; Antoine Guttierrez, for attempt of fraud; Michel Pollentier, for attempt of fraud; and José Nazabal. Nazabal had already anticipated the positive result, and had left the race before the eighteenth stage. Guttierrez and Pollentier were removed from the race and banned for two months; Nazabal was set back to the last place of the stage, received ten minutes penalty time in the general classification, a fine of 1000 Swiss Francs and one month provisional suspension.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
There were several classifications in the 1978 Tour de France, four of them awarding jerseys to their leaders. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour. Some rules were changed after the 1977 Tour de France, mainly concerning the time bonuses.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
In previous years, intermediate sprints were not associated with time bonuses, but in 1978, the winner of such a sprint got 20 seconds bonification time, if he was part of an escape (defined as a group with less than 20% of the total cyclists, with a margin of 20 seconds of more on the next group). The penalty system was also changed. In previous years, cyclists who broke the rules on minor points (being pushed, taking drinks on places where it was not allowed) were penalised with points in the points classification. From 1978 on, time penalties were also given for the general classification.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
Additionally, there was a points classification, where cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
Another classification was the young rider classification. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but restricted to riders who were born after 1 July 1978, and were in their first or second year as professional cyclist. There were 34 riders that qualified for the classification on the start list. The leader wore a white jersey.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
The fifth individual classification was the intermediate sprints classification. This classification had similar rules as the points classification, but only points were awarded on intermediate sprints. In 1978, this classification had no associated jersey.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
The team classification in 1977 was calculated with the times of the three best cyclists per team, but was in 1978 changed to the best five cyclists. The riders in the team that led this classification were identified by yellow caps. There was also a team points classification. Cyclists received points according to their finishing position on each stage, with the first rider receiving one point. The first three finishers of each team had their points combined, and the team with the fewest points led the classification. The riders of the team leading this classification wore green caps.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
The Kas team finished with only two cyclists, so was not eligible for the team classifications. The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass a point on stage 11 in the valley village of Sainte-Marie de Campan climb. This prize was won by Christian Seznec.


1978 Tour de France, Classification leadership and minor prizes
In addition, there was a combativity award, in which a jury composed of journalists gave points after certain stages to the cyclist they considered most combative. The split stages each had a combined winner. At the conclusion of the Tour, Paul Wellens won the overall super-combativity award, also decided by journalists.


1978 Tour de France, Super Prestige Pernod ranking
The top twelve places of the general classification awarded points that contributed towards the Super Prestige Pernod ranking, an international season-long road cycling competition, with the winner seen as the best all-round rider. The 110 points accrued by Bernard Hinault moved him to the top, replacing Francesco Moser, who did not ride the Tour.


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11
The 1978 Tour de France was the 65th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Leiden, the Netherlands, with a prologue individual time trial on 29 June, and Stage 11 occurred on 11 July with a mountainous stage to Saint-Lary-Soulan Pla d'Adet. The race finished in Paris on 23 July.


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Prologue
29 June 1978 - Leiden to Leiden, 5 km (3.1 mi) (ITT)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Prologue
Due to bad weather, the prologue result did not contribute to the general classification and a yellow jersey wasn't awarded.


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 1a
30 June 1978 - Leiden to Sint Willebrord, 135 km (84 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 1b
30 June 1978 - Sint Willebrord to Brussels, 100 km (62 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 2
1 July 1978 - Brussels to Saint-Amand-les-Eaux, 199 km (124 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 3
2 July 1978 - Saint-Amand-les-Eaux to Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 244 km (152 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 4
3 July 1978 - Évreux to Caen, 153 km (95 mi) (TTT)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 5
4 July 1978 - Caen to Mazé-Montgeoffroy, 244 km (152 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 6
5 July 1978 - Mazé-Montgeoffroy to Poitiers, 162 km (101 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 7
6 July 1978 - Poitiers to Bordeaux, 242 km (150 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 8
7 July 1978 - Saint-Émilion to Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, 59 km (37 mi) (ITT)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 9
8 July 1978 - Bordeaux to Biarritz, 233 km (145 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 10
10 July 1978 - Biarritz to Pau, 192 km (119 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11, Stage 11
11 July 1978 - Pau to Saint-Lary-Soulan Pla d'Adet, 161 km (100 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22
The 1978 Tour de France was the 65th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Leiden, the Netherlands, with a prologue individual time trial on 29 June, and Stage 12a occurred on 12 July with a flat stage from Tarbes. The race finished in Paris on 23 July.


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 12a
12 July 1978 - Tarbes to Valence d'Agen, 158 km (98 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 12a
The stage was neutralised after a protest, by the peloton, about split stages. The peloton rode slowly throughout the stage, and came to a stop 100 m (330 ft) before the finish line. The riders then dismounted their bikes, crossing the finish line on foot, and the stage was cancelled by the race commissaires.


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 12b
12 July 1978 - Valence d'Agen to Toulouse, 96 km (60 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 13
13 July 1978 - Figeac to Super Besse, 221 km (137 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 14
14 July 1978 - Besse-en-Chandesse to Puy de Dôme, 52 km (32 mi) (ITT)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 15
15 July 1978 - Saint-Dier-d'Auvergne to Saint-Étienne, 196 km (122 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 16
16 July 1978 - Saint-Étienne to Alpe d'Huez, 241 km (150 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 17
18 July 1978 - Grenoble to Morzine, 225 km (140 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 18
19 July 1978 - Morzine to Lausanne, 137 km (85 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 19
20 July 1978 - Lausanne to Belfort, 182 km (113 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 20
21 July 1978 - Metz to Nancy, 72 km (45 mi) (ITT)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 21
22 July 1978 - Epernay to Senlis, 207 km (129 mi)


1978 Tour de France, Stage 12a to Stage 22, Stage 22
23 July 1978 - Saint Germain en Laye to Paris Champs-Élysées, 162 km (101 mi)


1978 Tour de Romandie
The 1978 Tour de Romandie was the 32nd edition of the Tour de Romandie cycle race and was held from 2 May to 7 May 1978. The race started in Geneva and finished in Thyon. The race was won by Johan van der Velde.


1978 Tour de Suisse
The 1978 Tour de Suisse was the 42nd edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 14 June to 23 June 1978. The race started in Spreitenbach and finished in Affoltern. The race was won by Paul Wellens of the TI–Raleigh team.


1978 Tour du Haut Var
The 1978 Tour du Haut Var was the tenth edition of the Tour du Haut Var cycle race and was held on 26 February 1978. The race started in Nice and finished in Seillans. The race was won by Freddy Maertens.


1978 Tour of Britain
The 1978 Open Tour of Britain was an edition of the Tour of Britain cycle race and was held from 7 August to 12 August 1978. The race started in Greenock and finished at the Crystal Palace circuit. The race was won by Johan van der Velde.


1978 Tour of Flanders
The 62nd Tour of Flanders cycling classic was held on Sunday, 9 April 1978. The race was won by Belgian Walter Godefroot in a three-man sprint with Michel Pollentier and Gregor Braun. It was Godefroot's second win in the Tour of Flanders, after the 1968 event. 47 of 174 riders finished.


1978 Tour of Flanders, Route
The race started in Sint Niklaas and finished in Meerbeke (Ninove) – covering 260 km. There were eight categorized climbs:


1978 Tour of the Basque Country
The 1978 Tour of the Basque Country was the 18th edition of the Tour of the Basque Country cycle race and was held from 3 April to 7 April 1978. The race started in Leitza and finished at the Alto de Uncella. The race was won by José Antonio González Linares of the Kas team.


1978 Tournament Players Championship
The 1978 Tournament Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held March 16–19 at Sawgrass Country Club in Ponte Vedra Beach, southeast of Jacksonville. The fifth Tournament Players Championship, it was the second at Sawgrass and Jack Nicklaus won his third TPC title at 289 (+1), one stroke ahead of runner-up Lou Graham. Both shot 75 (+3) in the windy final round and Nicklaus went without a birdie.


1978 Tournament Players Championship
This was the fourth consecutive start for Nicklaus in 1978 that ended with a top-two finish: two wins and two second places. Four months later in July, he won his third Open Championship to become the first to win the TPC and a major title in the same calendar year, later joined by Hal Sutton (1983, PGA), Tiger Woods (2001, Masters), and Martin Kaymer (2014, U.S. Open).


1978 Tournament Players Championship
Defending champion Mark Hayes finished eleven strokes back, in a tie for 28th place.


1978 Tournament Players Championship, Venue
This was the second of five Tournament Players Championships held at Sawgrass Country Club; it moved to the nearby TPC at Sawgrass Stadium Course in 1982.


1978 Tournament Players Championship, Field
Tommy Aaron, Sam Adams, Wally Armstrong, Butch Baird, Miller Barber, Andy Bean, Frank Beard, Don Bies, Homero Blancas, George Burns, George Cadle, Rex Caldwell, Bill Calfee, Billy Casper, Antonio Cerda Jr., Jim Colbert, Bobby Cole, Frank Conner, Charles Coody, Ben Crenshaw, Rod Curl, Jim Dent, Bruce Devlin, Terry Diehl, Ed Dougherty, Bob Eastwood, Danny Edwards, Dave Eichelberger, Lee Elder, Randy Erskine, Keith Fergus, Forrest Fezler, Raymond Floyd, Rod Funseth, Gibby Gilbert, Bob Gilder, David Graham, Lou Graham, Hubert Green, Gary Groh, Jay Haas, Phil Hancock, Morris Hatalsky, Dale Hayes, Mark Hayes, Jerry Heard, Mike Hill, Lon Hinkle, Joe Inman, Hale Irwin, Don Iverson, Peter Jacobsen, Barry Jaeckel, Don January, Tom Jenkins, Grier Jones, Tom Kite, George Knudson, Gary Koch, Billy Kratzert, Stan Lee, Wayne Levi, Bruce Lietzke, John Lister, Gene Littler, Lyn Lott, Mark Lye, John Mahaffey, Bill Mallon, Roger Maltbie, Graham Marsh, Fred Marti, Rik Massengale, Gary McCord, Mike McCullough, Jerry McGee, Mac McLendon, Artie McNickle, Steve Melnyk, Allen Miller, Johnny Miller, Jeff Mitchell, Florentino Molina, Orville Moody, Gil Morgan, Mike Morley, Bob Murphy, Larry Nelson, Dwight Nevil, Bobby Nichols, Jack Nicklaus, Andy North, Peter Oosterhuis, Arnold Palmer, Jerry Pate, Bob Payne, Eddie Pearce, Calvin Peete, Mark Pfeil, Gary Player, Don Pooley, Joe Porter, Tom Purtzer, Sammy Rachels, Victor Regalado, Mike Reid, Jack Renner, Chi Chi Rodriguez, Bill Rogers, John Schlee, John Schroeder, Tom Shaw, Bob Shearer, Dan Sikes, Jim Simons, Tim Simpson, Bob E. Smith, J. C. Snead, Ed Sneed, Craig Stadler, Ken Still, Dave Stockton, Curtis Strange, Ron Streck, Alan Tapie, Steve Taylor, Doug Tewell, Barney Thompson, Leonard Thompson, Lee Trevino, Howard Twitty, Bobby Wadkins, Lanny Wadkins, Art Wall Jr., Bobby Walzel, Tom Watson, Tom Weiskopf, Bob Wynn, Kermit Zarley, Bob Zender, Larry Ziegler, Fuzzy Zoeller


1978 Tower Hamlets London Borough Council election
Elections to Tower Hamlets London Borough Council were held on 4 May 1978. Following boundary changes, the whole council was up for election. Turnout was 28.3%.


1978 Toyota Tamaraws season
The 1978 Toyota Tamaraws season was the fourth season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).


1978 Toyota Tamaraws season, Championships
The Toyota Tamaraws had a manpower build-up at the start of the season by acquiring top forwards Danny Florencio and Estoy Estrada. The Tamaraws capped an incredible year-run by winning two titles.


1978 Toyota Tamaraws season, Championships
On July 15, Toyota defeated new team Filmanbank, 132-113 in Game four to win the PBA All Filipino crown, three games to one. The Tamaraws won the first two games of the series easily but the Bankers avoided a sweep by taking the third game.


1978 Toyota Tamaraws season, Championships
After failing to land in the finals berth of the Second Conference, the Tamaraws captured the Invitational championship behind imports Carlos Terry and Bruce "Sky" King. On December 14, Toyota defeated Tanduay, 108-98 in Game four of the finals series for a 3-1 victory as the Tamaraws won their 5th PBA title.


1978 Toyota Tamaraws season, Awards
Robert Jaworski was named the league's Most Valuable Player (MVP).


1978 Toyota Tamaraws season, Summary
The Tamaraws easily made it to the All-Filipino Conference semifinals with 12 wins and two losses at the end of the two-round eliminations and tied with their rivals Crispa Redmanizers. In the semifinal round, Toyota eliminated Crispa, finishing with a 4-2 won-loss record along with Filmanbank, which occupied the first finals berth. The Tamaraws scored a 3-1 finals victory against a Filmanbank squad led by American Billy Robinson and local standouts Larry Mumar and Jun Papa.


1978 Toyota Tamaraws season, Summary
Toyota brought in two Americans for the Open Conference, 6-10 Bruce King and 6-11 T.J. Robinson. The Tamaraws won six of their seven games in the second round of eliminations with Carlos Terry replacing Robinson. They shove out Royal Tru-Orange to salvage the last semifinals berth. Toyota started with two straight defeats in the semifinal round and were knock off from the finals picture, winning only two of their six outings. Under assistant coach Fort Acuña, the Tamaraws swept Tanduay in three games in their series for third place.


1978 Toyota Tamaraws season, Summary
With their victories against Yugoslavia and Canada in exhibition games, the Tamaraws were again installed as favorites to defend the Invitational crown they won last season, although Danny Florencio was not able to play anymore and Estoy Estrada was not to recover from his slump. Toyota grabbed the first seat of the championship with ease by winning all of its four games in the round-robin among five teams and bested second qualifier Tanduay (3-1) in four games of their best-of-five final series.


1978 Toyota Women's Classic
The 1978 Toyota Women's Classic, was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at White City Stadium in Sydney in Australia. The event was part of the AA category of the 1979 Colgate Series. It was the 16th edition of the tournament and was held from 4 December through 10 December 1978. Fifth-seeded Dianne Fromholtz won the singles title and earned $15,000.


1978 Toyota Women's Classic, Winners, Doubles
Kerry Reid /  Wendy Turnbull defeated  Judy Chaloner /  Anne Hobbs 6–2, 4–6, 6–2


1978 Trafford Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to Trafford Council were held on Thursday, 4 May 1978. One third of the council was up for election, with each successful candidate to serve a four-year term of office, expiring in 1982. The Conservative Party retained overall control of the council.


1978 Trafford Metropolitan Borough Council election
After the election, the composition of the council was as follows:


1978 Trampoline World Championships
The 10th Trampoline World Championships were held in Newcastle, Australia, on October 5–7, 1978.


1978 Trans-Am Series
The 1978 Trans-Am Series was the thirteenth running of the Sports Car Club of America's premier series. It was the first time the series left North America (i.e. the United States and Canada), with a round in Mexico at the end of the season. All races except for the Six Hours of Watkins Glen ran for approximately one hundred miles.


1978 Trans-Am Series, Results
‡ The Watkins Glen 6 Hours was a round of the World Championship for Makes, the overall winner was an FIA Group 5 Porsche 935


1978 Transamerica Open
The 1978 Transamerica Open, also known as the Pacific Coast Championships, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Cow Palace in San Francisco, California in the United States. The event was part of the 1978 Grand Prix circuit and Barry MacKay was the tournament director. It was the 88th edition of the tournament and ran from September 25 through October 2, 1978. The singles event had a field of 64 players. Eighth-seeded John McEnroe won the singles title and $24,000 first prize money.


1978 Transamerica Open, Finals, Doubles
Peter Fleming /  John McEnroe defeated  Bob Lutz /  Stan Smith 5–7, 6–4, 6–4


1978 Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regional election
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Barlafus (talk | contribs) at 14:32, 7 April 2020. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1978 Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regional election
The Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regional election of 1978 took place on 19 November 1978.


1978 Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands constitutional referendum
A referendum on the proposed constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia was held on 12 July 1978. It was approved in Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei and Yap, who formed the Federation on 10 May the following year. In the Marshall Islands and Palau it was rejected, resulting in the islands becoming separate states.


1978 Tulsa Golden Hurricane football team
The 1978 Tulsa Golden Hurricane football team represented the University of Tulsa during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their second year under head coach John Cooper, the Golden Hurricane compiled a 9–2 record (3-1 against conference opponents) and finished in second place in the Missouri Valley Conference. The team defeated Virginia Tech (35-33), Kansas State (24-14), Louisville (24-7), Cincinnati (27-26), and Wichita State (27-13), but lost to No. 2 ranked Arkansas (13-21) and to Missouri Valley Conference champion New Mexico State (20-23).


1978 Tulsa Golden Hurricane football team
The team's statistical leaders included quarterback David Rader with 1,683 passing yards, Sherman Johnson with 826 rushing yards, and Rickey Watts with 730 receiving yards. Head coach John Cooper was later inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.


1978 U-Tex Wranglers season
The 1978 U-Tex Wranglers season was the 4th season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).


1978 U-Tex Wranglers season, Off-season transactions
Signed Renato Lobo and Anthony Dasalla, formerly of Solidenims in the MICAA.


1978 U-Tex Wranglers season, Championship
The second conference of the season had U-Tex being given the option to use two imports simultaneously, the Wranglers were reinforced by the returning Byron "Snake" Jones playing at center and Henry Williams to quarterback and shoot. After four games, coach Tommy Manotoc decided to replace Williams in favor of Glenn McDonald, a member of the 1976 NBA champion Boston Celtics. The formidable combination of Jones, McDonald and Lim Eng Beng led the Wranglers to a 10-4 won-loss slate in the eliminations and breezed into the finals with a 5-1 record in the semifinal round and will play defending champion Crispa 400s in a rematch of last year's Open championship.


1978 U-Tex Wranglers season, Championship
The U-Tex Wranglers won the Open Conference title and made history by surprisingly scoring a clean 3-0 sweep over Crispa 400s. After winning the series opener by a point in overtime, 95-94, U-Tex won games two and three, 100-93 and 104-96, to finally break the stranglehold of Crispa and Toyota for winning titles and becoming the first team outside of the two ballclubs to win a PBA crown.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships
The 1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament that was held in Indianapolis in the United States and played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 10th edition of the tournament in the Open Era and was held from August 7 through August 13, 1978. First-seeded Jimmy Connors won the men's singles title and the accompanying $24,000 first-prize money, while college amateur Dana Gilbert took the women's championship.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships, Finals, Men's Doubles
Hank Pfister /  Gene Mayer defeated  Jeff Borowiak /  Chris Lewis 6–3, 6–1


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships, Finals, Women's Doubles
Helena Anliot /  Helle Sparre-Viragh defeated  Barbara Hallquist /  Sheila McInerney 6–3, 6–1


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships – Men's Doubles
Jaime Fillol and Patricio Cornejo, the defending champions, returned with new partners. The pairs met in the quarterfinals with Cornejo and Pat DuPré claiming victory but Gene Mayer and Hank Pfister ended their run in the semifinal. Top-seeded Mayer and Pfister went on to win the title, beating Jeff Borowiak and Chris Lewis in the final.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships – Men's Doubles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships – Men's Singles
Manuel Orantes was the defending champion but lost in the semifinals to Jimmy Connors. Top-seed Connors claimed the title and first prize money of $24,000 by defeating seventh-seeded José Higueras in the final.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships – Women's Doubles
Linky Boshoff and Ilana Kloss were the defending champions but did not participate due to Boshoff's retirement and Kloss' return to World TeamTennis. Helena Anliot and Helle Sparre-Viragh won the title after defeating Barbara Hallquist and Sheila McInerney in the final.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships – Women's Doubles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships – Women's Singles
Laura duPont was the defending champion but was upset in her first match against Kate Latham. College amateur Dana Gilbert won the title beating Viviana González in the final.


1978 U.S. Clay Court Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1978 U.S. National Indoor Championships
The 1978 U.S. National Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Racquet Club of Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee in the United States that was part of the 1978 Colgate-Palmolive Grand Prix. It was the ninth edition of the tournament was held from February 27 through March 5, 1978. First-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title and $39,000 first-prize money. It was Connors' fourth title at the event after his three successive titles from 1973 to 1975, when the tournament was held in Salisbury, Maryland.


1978 U.S. National Indoor Championships, Finals, Doubles
Raúl Ramírez /  Brian Gottfried defeated  Phil Dent /  John Newcombe 3–6, 7–6, 6–2


1978 U.S. Open (golf)
The 1978 U.S. Open was the 78th U.S. Open, held June 15–18 at Cherry Hills Country Club in Cherry Hills Village, Colorado, a suburb south of Denver. Andy North held on for a one-stroke victory over runners-up Dave Stockton and J. C. Snead to claim the first of his two U.S. Open titles.


1978 U.S. Open (golf)
The strength in North's game was putting, and he needed only 114 putts over 72 holes, tying the record set by Billy Casper in 1966. This was North's second win on the PGA Tour, but he would not win again until the 1985 U.S. Open; of North's three career PGA Tour wins, two of them came at the U.S. Open.


1978 U.S. Open (golf)
This was the third U.S. Open at Cherry Hills, which previously hosted in 1938 and 1960. It was also the site of the PGA Championship in 1941, and later hosted in 1985. The average elevation of the course exceeds 5,300 feet (1,620 m) above sea level.


1978 U.S. Open (golf)
Three players received special exemptions into the field. They were Billy Casper, Seve Ballesteros, and Arnold Palmer.


1978 U.S. Open (golf)
Forty-three golfers received an exemption from the qualifying process. The PGA Tour felt this was too few players. To protest, the PGA Tour staged the Buick Open the same week to compete with the U.S. Open.


1978 U.S. Open (golf), Round summaries, Second round
Amateurs: Clampett (+1), Holtgrieve (+8), Heafner (+9), Miller (+9), Edwards (+11), Choate (+16), Hodge (+17), Lewis (+21), Pomerantz (+25).


1978 U.S. Open (golf), Round summaries, Final round
North began the final round with a one-stroke lead over Gary Player. Two months earlier, Player had won the Masters with a blistering 64 in the final round. History, however, would not repeat itself, as this time around Player struggled to a 77 (+6) and finished in a tie for 6th. North owned a four-shot lead over Snead heading to the back-nine, and after birdies at 11 and 13 he appeared to have the championship wrapped up. A bogey at 14, however, combined with a double-bogey at 15 and a birdie by Dave Stockton at the same hole dropped his lead to just one. Stockton, however, missed an 18-footer (5.5 m) for par at 18, increasing North's lead to two.


1978 U.S. Open (golf), Round summaries, Final round
Snead had a chance for birdie at the last after his tee shot skipped off the water and onto the fairway, but he missed the birdie putt. Needing just a bogey at 18 to win, North's drive found the rough. He hit his second shot into the fairway, then his third found a greenside bunker. Needing to get up-and-down, he played his sand shot to five feet (1.5 m), and after backing off twice, sank the bogey putt for the one-stroke win.


1978 U.S. Pro Indoor
The 1978 U.S. Pro Indoor was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courta  at the Wachovia Spectrum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States. The tournament was organized by the World Championship Tennis (WCT) and was part of the 1978 Colgate-Palmolive Grand Prix circuit. It was the 11th edition of the tournament and was held from January 23 through January 29, 1978. First-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title and the accompanying $35,000 first-prize money.


1978 U.S. Pro Indoor, Finals, Doubles
Bob Hewitt /  Frew McMillan defeated  Vitas Gerulaitis /  Sandy Mayer 6–4, 6–4


1978 U.S. Pro Indoor – Doubles
Hewitt and McMillan successfully defended their title, defeating Vitas Gerulaitis and Sandy Mayer 6–4, 6–4 in the final.


1978 U.S. Pro Indoor – Singles
Dick Stockton was the defending champion, but lost in the first round.


1978 U.S. Pro Indoor – Singles
Jimmy Connors won the title, defeating Roscoe Tanner, 6–2, 6–4, 6–3 in the final.


1978 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships
The 1978 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor green clay courts (Har-Tru) at the Longwood Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. The event was part of the 1978 Grand Prix circuit. It was the 51st edition of the tournament and was held from August 21 through August 28, 1978.


1978 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships
Despite pressure to switch to a hard court surface from the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and some leading players, in line with the surface change made that year by the US Open which directly followed the Boston event, the tournament organization elected to remain a clay court tournament in 1978. Several top players including Björn Borg, Guillermo Vilas and Jimmy Connors elected not to play the tournament. Fourth-seeded and defending champion Manuel Orantes won the singles title and the accompanying $32,000 first-prize money. The final was delayed until Tuesday, August 29 due to rain.


1978 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships, Finals, Doubles
Balázs Taróczy /  Víctor Pecci defeated  Heinz Günthardt /  Van Winitsky 6–3, 3–6, 6–1


1978 U.S. Women's Open
The 1978 U.S. Women's Open was the 33rd U.S. Women's Open, held July 20–23 at  Country Club of Indianapolis in Indianapolis, Indiana.


1978 U.S. Women's Open
Defending champion Hollis Stacy won the second of her three U.S. Women's Open titles, one stroke ahead of runners-up JoAnne Carner and Sally Little. She sank a five-foot (1.5 m) putt for par on the 72nd green to secure the win, the second of her four major titles.


1978 U.S. Women's Open
Rookie sensation Nancy Lopez was a co-leader after two rounds, but a 79 on Saturday took her out of contention, and she tied for ninth.


1978 UC Davis Aggies football team
The 1978 UC Davis football team represented the University of California, Davis in the 1978 NCAA Division II football season. UC Davis competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC).


1978 UC Davis Aggies football team
The Aggies were led by head coach Jim Sochor in his tenth year. They played home games at Toomey Field. UC Davis finished the season as champion of the FWC for the eighth consecutive season and it was their ninth consecutive winning season. The Aggies finished the regular season with a record of seven wins and three losses (7–3, 5–0 FWC). With the 5–0 conference record, they stretched their conference winning streak to 28 games dating back to the 1973 season.


1978 UC Davis Aggies football team
At the end of the season, the Aggies qualified for the Division II playoffs for the second consecutive year. In the quarterfinal game they were defeated by Eastern Illinois. That brought the Aggies final record to eight wins and three losses (8–3, 5–0 FWC). The Aggies outscored their opponents 304–156 for the 1978 season.


1978 UC Davis Aggies football team, NFL Draft
The following UC Davis Aggies players were selected in the 1979 NFL Draft.


1978 UCI Road World Championships
The 1978 UCI Road World Championships took place on 27 August 1978 in Nürburg, West Germany.


1978 UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The men's road race at the 1978 UCI Road World Championships was the 45th edition of the event. The race took place on Sunday 27 August 1978 in Adenau, West Germany. The race was won by Gerrie Knetemann of the Netherlands.


1978 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 1978 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in Munich, West Germany in 1978. Twelve events were contested, 10 for men (3 for professionals, 7 for amateurs) and 2 for women.


1978 UCLA Bruins football team
The 1978 UCLA Bruins football team represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Pacific-8 Conference became the Pacific-10 Conference by adding Arizona and Arizona State to the league. This was Terry Donahue's third season as head coach of the Bruins.


1978 UEFA Cup Final
The 1978 UEFA Cup Final was a football match played on 26 April 1978 and 9 May 1978 between PSV Eindhoven of Netherlands and SEC Bastia of France. PSV won the tie 3–0 on aggregate, with a 3–0 victory at home following a goalless draw in Bastia.


1978 UEFA European Under-18 Championship
The UEFA European Under-18 Championship 1978 Final Tournament was held in Poland. It also served as the European qualification for the 1979 FIFA World Youth Championship.


1978 UEFA European Under-18 Championship, Qualification to World Youth Championship
The six best performing teams qualified for the 1979 FIFA World Youth Championship: four semifinalists and the best group runners-up (based on goal difference). For an unknown reason, semifinalists Scotland did not participate.


1978 UEFA European Under-18 Championship squads
Players in bold have later been capped at full international level.


1978 UEFA European Under-21 Championship
The 1978 UEFA European Under-21 Championship, which spanned two years (1976–78) had 24 entrants. Yugoslavia U-21s won the competition.


1978 UEFA European Under-21 Championship
The 24 national teams were divided into eight groups. The group winners played off against each other on a two-legged home-and-away basis until the winner was decided. There was no finals tournament or 3rd-place playoff.


1978 UEFA European Under-21 Championship, Qualifying stage, Draw
The allocation of teams into qualifying groups was based on that of 1978 FIFA World Cup qualification with several changes, reflecting the absence of some nations:


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year
The 1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year was the 52nd year of greyhound racing in the United Kingdom and Ireland.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary
The National Greyhound Racing Club (NGRC) released the annual returns, with totalisator turnover up, at £71,504,284 and attendances down, recorded at 6,027,327 from 5688 meetings.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary
Lacca Champion, a brindle dog trained by Pat Mullins was voted the Greyhound of the Year after winning the 1978 English Greyhound Derby.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary
Paddy Keane became the first trainer to win both the English Greyhound Derby and Irish Greyhound Derby following the 1978 Irish Greyhound Derby win by Pampered Rover.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Tracks
Ramsgate owners Northern Sports bought Oxford in April, with the proviso from the council that the Stadium must be used as a recreational Stadium until 1983. The Managing Director David Hawkins changed the stadium name back to Oxford Stadium from Cowley Stadium; Bob Newson was appointed the General Manager and Jim Layton would soon arrive as Racing Manager from Catford. Northern Sports also owned Doncaster and then added independent track Long Eaton to their portfolio bringing four tracks under their banner.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Tracks
Brandon Stadium in Coventry opened on 19 September. Independent track Cambridge had a second attempt at NGRC racing on 24 November; the previous attempt had only lasted five months. This second spell would be more successful with top trainers Joe Cobbold, Natalie Savva and Pat Mullins taking attachments at the track over the next couple of years.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Tracks
Watford closed on 30 October; the site would now only be used by the football club. As a consequence the BAGS contract went to Willenhall.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, News
The Greyhound Racing Association (GRA) made a profit which helped pay back some of their debt. The sale of the land that formerly housed Harringay Arena boosted the profits.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, News
Trainer Phil Rees Sr. retired from training and his licence was handed to his son Phil Rees Jr. The latter chose not to take part in the trainer's championship because he had qualified by virtue of his fathers achievements in 1977. Gordon Hodson returned from Australia to take up a contract trainer's position at Brighton and two respected trainers Sid Ryall and Dave Barker retired. After a decade at Brighton, Peter Shotton took the role of head of racing at Wembley followed to the track by his assistant Jim Cremin.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, News
Other Racing Managers on the move were Jim Simpson to Romford from Crayford, Des Nichols moved to Brighton from Romford just one year after taking over from Les Cox. Paul Richardson took the chair at Brough Park and Gosforth replacing Tony Smith who switched to Crayford. At Hall Green Assistant Racing Manager Horace Peplow retired after 50 years on the racing staff and was replaced by Simon Harris son of former trainer the late Roger Harris.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, News
John McCririck was brought in as an investigative reporter for the Sporting Life. In 1978, McCririck was voted the Specialist Writer of the Year in the British Press Awards. His stories included a sting that he had exposed based on the fact that Extel, who used to broadcast commentaries into betting shops, gave the off-times for greyhound races in minutes, without the refinement of seconds. By briefly delaying the commentaries, criminals were able to back dogs after a race had started.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, News
During the same year McCririck took the lead in covering the Rochester Stadium coup. The track had decided to hold a dual distance event with heats over 277 metres and a final over 901 metres, unusual competitions were seen as an interesting way of presenting racing by several management teams. Two greyhounds trained by Jack Purvis both won sprint heats, Leysdown Pleasure at 33-1 and Leysdown Fun at 4-1. They had been backed off course by five South London men winning a reputed £350,000. Fun was withdrawn from the 901 metre final and Pleasure finished last, not staying the distance.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, News
BOLA advised its members to withhold payment and the Big Four Bookmakers refused to pay out. The NGRC held an inquiry and found no evidence of rule breaking. The police submitted a report to the DPP (Director of Public Prosecutions) who also took no action. It appeared that a legitimate coup had been staged and a protest resulted where 800 betting shop offices had their locks super-glued for not paying out. It was not until 1985 that a judge agreed that bookmakers were not liable to pay out.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Competitions
Greenfield Fox trained by Ted Dickson continued his fine form carried over from 1977 by claiming the Scurry Gold Cup in April from favourite Lacca Champion. Another Pat Mullins greyhound Paradise Spectre (the Grand Prix champion) won the Guys and Dolls trophy and won 18 consecutive races from 9 September 1977 to 4 February 1978.


1978 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Competitions
Dickson had a superb year winning the Trainers Championship at Monmore, where he gained five winners, Donals Greatest, Rip Perry, Kudas Toy, Lesleys Charm and Black Legend.


1978 UK Athletics Championships
The 1978 UK Athletics Championships was the national championship in outdoor track and field for the United Kingdom held at Meadowbank Stadium, Edinburgh.


1978 UK Athletics Championships
It was the second edition of the competition limited to British athletes only, launched as an alternative to the AAA Championships, which was open to foreign competitors. However, due to the fact that the calibre of national competition remained greater at the AAA event, the UK Championships this year were not considered the principal national championship event by some statisticians, such as the National Union of Track Statisticians (NUTS). Many of the athletes below also competed at the 1978 AAA Championships.


1978 UK Athletics Championships
Sonia Lannaman defended her 100 metres/200 metres sprint double from 1977. Allan Wells took his first sprint double on the men's side and Jane Colebrook managed a double in the 400 metres and 800 metres. Athletes to retain their titles from 1977 included Lannaman, sprint hurdlers Berwyn Price and Sharon Colyear, Geoff Capes (men's shot put), Meg Ritchie (women's discus) and Tessa Sanderson (women's javelin).


1978 UK Athletics Championships
The main international track and field competition for the United Kingdom that year was the 1978 European Athletics Championships. Two athletes at the UK event won individual medals at European level: the men's 800 m champion Sebastian Coe was a European bronze medallist and women's javelin throw champion Sanderson was European runner-up. The top three in the UK women's 200 m (Beverley Goddard, Kathy Smallwood, and Lannaman) plus hurdles champion Colyear teamed up to take a 4 × 100 metres relay European silver.


1978 UK Athletics Championships
The four countries of the United Kingdom competed separately at the Commonwealth Games that year as well, and UK champions who won there were Wells, Price, Lannaman, Capes, Sanderson, Paula Fudge (3000 m), Sue Reeve (long jump). The same relay quartet of the European Championships also took the Commonwealth Games title for England.


1978 UK Championship
The 1978 UK Championship was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place  between 22 November and 1 December 1978 at the Guild Hall in Preston, England.


1978 UK Championship
The 1978 tournament was the first of twenty UK Championship competitions to be played in Preston's Guildhall. For the first time, the event was sponsored by Coral who continued to sponsor the UK Championship until 1985.


1978 UK Championship
The most dramatic match came in the qualifying rounds when Terry Griffiths, a newly turned professional, was beaten 8–9 by Rex Williams after leading 8–2. The main stage of the championship also provided plenty of surprises. Patsy Fagan, the defending UK champion, went out 7–9 in the first round to David Taylor who, after a decade in the professional ranks, reached his first major final by beating Alex Higgins 9–5 in the semi-finals.


1978 UK Championship
In the other half of the draw, Roy Andrewartha beat John Spencer 9–8 and Willie Thorne beat Ray Reardon 9–6 only to collapse 1–9 against Graham Miles, whose 139 break set a tournament record. In the semi-finals it was Miles' turn to collapse 1–9 to Doug Mountjoy who, keeping his best until last, clinched his final victory over Taylor with a break of 120. The BBC televised the final on their Grandstand programme with Ted Lowe commentating the match.


1978 UMass Minutemen football team
The 1978 UMass Minutemen football team represented the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the 1978 NCAA Division I-AA football season as a member of the Yankee Conference. The team was coached by Bob Pickett and played its home games at Alumni Stadium in Hadley, Massachusetts. The 1978 season was the first after the NCAA split Division I football into two subdivisions, and the first that featured a postseason playoff for Division I-AA. The Minutemen reached this inaugural championship game, losing to Florida A&M, 35–28. UMass finished the season with a record of 9–4 overall and 5–0 in conference play.


1978 UNLV Rebels football team
The 1978 UNLV Rebels football team was an American football team that represented the University of Nevada, Las Vegas as an independent during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their third year under head coach Tony Knap, the team compiled a 7–4 record.


1978 US Indoor Championships
The 1978 US Indoor Championships was a women's singles tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Met Center in Bloomington, Minnesota in the United States. The event was part of the AAAA category of the 1978 Colgate Series. It was the 70th edition of the tournament and was held from October 9 through October 15, 1978. Second-seeded Chris Evert won the singles title and earned $20,000 first-prize money.


1978 US Indoor Championships, Finals, Doubles
Kerry Reid /  Wendy Turnbull defeated  Lesley Hunt /  Ilana Kloss 6–3, 6–3


1978 US Open (tennis)
The 1978 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City in New York in the United States. It was the 98th edition of the US Open and the third Grand Slam tennis event of the year. The tournament was held from August 28 to September 10, 1978, and the singles titles were won by Jimmy Connors and Chris Evert.


1978 US Open (tennis)
This was the first year the US Open was played at the National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows after having been organized at the West Side Tennis Club venue in Forest Hills since 1915. It was also the first time the tournament was played on hard courts, as opposed to much of its history on grass and a brief stint, from 1975 through 1977, on clay.


1978 US Open (tennis), Seniors, Men's doubles
Bob Lutz /  Stan Smith defeated  Marty Riessen /  Sherwood Stewart, 1–6, 7–5, 6–3


1978 US Open (tennis), Seniors, Women's doubles
Billie Jean King /  Martina Navratilova defeated  Kerry Melville Reid /  Wendy Turnbull, 7–6, 6–4


1978 US Open (tennis), Seniors, Mixed doubles
Betty Stöve /  Frew McMillan defeated  Billie Jean King /  Ray Ruffels, 6–3, 7-6


1978 US Open – Men's Doubles
Bob Hewitt and Frew McMillan were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Marty Riessen and Sherwood Stewart.


1978 US Open – Men's Doubles
Bob Lutz and Stan Smith won in the final 1–6, 7–5, 6–3 against Marty Riessen and Sherwood Stewart.


1978 US Open – Men's Singles
Second-seed Jimmy Connors defeated first-seeded Björn Borg 6–4, 6–2, 6–2 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1978 US Open. The final was watched by a sell-out crowd of 19,537 spectators. Guillermo Vilas was the defending champion but lost in the fourth round to Butch Walts.


1978 US Open – Men's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Jimmy Connors is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1978 US Open – Mixed Doubles
Frew McMillan and Betty Stöve were the defending champions and successfully defended their title, defeating Billie Jean King and Ray Ruffels in the final, 6–3, 7-6.


1978 US Open – Women's Doubles
Martina Navratilova and Betty Stöve were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners.


1978 US Open – Women's Doubles
Navratilova teamed up with Billie Jean King and successfully defended her title by defeating Kerry Reid and Wendy Turnbull 7–6, 6–4 in the final.


1978 US Open – Women's Doubles
Stöve teamed up with Chris Evert and lost in first round to Betsy Nagelsen and Pam Shriver.


1978 US Open – Women's Singles
Three-time defending champion Chris Evert successfully defended her title, defeating Pam Shriver 7–5, 6–4 in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1978 US Open. This would be Chris Evert's 4th consecutive US Open title, an Open Era record. At 16 years and two months, Shriver became the youngest Grand Slam women's singles finalist to compete since the start of the Open Era in 1968.


1978 US Open – Women's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Chris Evert is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1978 US Open – Women's Singles Qualifying
Players who neither had high enough rankings nor received wild cards to enter the main draw of the annual US Open Tennis Championships participated in a qualifying tournament held over several days before the event.


1978 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1978 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships took place between June 8–9 at Drake Stadium on the campus of University of California, Los Angeles in Westwood, California. This was its fourth time hosting in the previous five years. The decathlon took place on June 24–25 in Richmond, Virginia. This meet was organized by the AAU.


1978 USAC Championship Car season
The 1978 USAC Championship Car season consisted of 18 races, beginning at Phoenix on March 18 and concluding at the same location on October 28. The USAC National Champion was Tom Sneva and the Indianapolis 500 winner was Al Unser. This was the last year before the first USAC/CART "Split". By winning the Indianapolis 500, Pocono 500, and California 500, Al Unser swept the Indy car "Triple Crown", the only driver in history to do so.


1978 USAC Championship Car season
The 1978 season is also statistically noteworthy. Danny Ongais won the most races (5), and Al Unser swept the triple crown races, but it was Tom Sneva (who did not win a single race) who won the championship title. Sneva had six 2nd place finishes, and twelve top 5s, and seven poles (including Indianapolis and Ontario), and experienced more consistent finishes. Sneva became the second driver to win the USAC championship without winning a race during the season, the last being Tony Bettenhausen in 1958. Sneva's "winless" championship was not without its critics, however, a statistician calculated points results using contemporary points tables from of other major racing series, and concluded that Sneva would have still won the title in nearly every scenario.


1978 USAC Championship Car season
The 1978 season was also a break-out year for future champion Rick Mears. Mario Andretti was running the full Formula One season (of which he would be World Champion). Andretti was running a partial Indy car schedule for Penske Racing, and Roger Penske hired the young Mears to fill in for Andretti the weekends he was overseas. Mears, who had spent two years in lesser-funded rides, jumped at the opportunity to drive for Penske, even though it was only a part-time ride. Mears won Co-Rookie of the Year at Indy, won three races, and despite running only 11 of 18 races, finished 9th in points.


1978 USAC Mini-Indy Series season
The 1978 USAC Mini Indy Series season was the second season of the USAC sanctioned Formula Super Vee championship.


1978 USAC Mini-Indy Series season, Death of Tommy Thompson
African-American racingdriver Tommy Thompson participated in the ninth round of the championship at Trenton International Speedway. On the final lap of the 42-lap race one of the other competitor slowed down. John Barringer had to swerve to avoid contact. However Thompson hit Barringer. Thompson's left front wheel and Barringer's right rear wheel became locked. Both cars hit the wall head-on. Thompsons car was launched over the wall. Both Barringer and Thompson were transported to St. Francis Medical Center. Thompson succumbed to his injuries on 28 September.


1978 USC Trojans baseball team
The 1978 USC Trojans baseball team represented the University of Southern California in the 1978 NCAA Division I baseball season. The team was coached Rod Dedeaux in his 37th season.


1978 USC Trojans baseball team
The Trojans won the College World Series, defeating the Arizona State Sun Devils in the championship game for the Trojans eleventh and final national championship under Rod Dedeaux.


1978 USC Trojans baseball team, Trojans in the 1978 MLB Draft
The following members of the USC baseball program were drafted in the 1978 Major League Baseball Draft.


1978 USC Trojans football team
The 1978 USC Trojans football team represented the University of Southern California in the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. Following the season, the Trojans were crowned national champions according to the Coaches Poll. While Alabama claimed the AP Poll title because it had defeated top-ranked Penn State in the Sugar Bowl, the Trojans felt they deserved the title since they had defeated Alabama and Notre Dame during the regular season, and then Michigan in the Rose Bowl. Both USC and Alabama ended their seasons with a single loss.


1978 USC Trojans football team, Schedule
The Trojans finished the regular season with an 11–1 record before going on to defeat the Michigan Wolverines 17–10 in the Rose Bowl.


1978 USC Trojans football team, Awards and honors
Charles White: Heisman trophy, Maxwell Award, Walter Camp Award, UPI Player of the Year


1978 USSR Chess Championship
The 1978 Soviet Chess Championship was the 46th edition of USSR Chess Championship. Held from 1-27 December 1978 in Tbilisi. Mikhail Tal and Vitaly Tseshkovsky shared the title. The qualifying tournaments took place in Daugavpils and Ashkhabad. This edition marked the debut of the future world champion Garry Kasparov in the Soviet championships.


1978 USSR Chess Championship, Qualifying, Swiss Qualifying
The Swiss Qualifying was held in Daugavpils from 27 June to 16 July 1978 with 64 players. Garry Kasparov won gaining a direct promotion to thefinal.


1978 USSR Chess Championship, Final
The fmal at Tbilisi featured the qualifiers plus Tamaz Georgadze as the local Georgian representative and the players who entered directly for the historical performance in previous championships.


1978 UTEP Miners football team
The 1978 UTEP Miners football team was an American football team that represented the University of Texas at El Paso in the Western Athletic Conference during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their second year under head coach Bill Michael, the team compiled a 1–11 record.


1978 Uber Cup
The 1978 Uber Cup was the 9th edition of the Uber Cup, the women's badminton team competition. The tournament took place in the 1977-78 badminton season, 15 countries competed. Japan won its fourth title in the Uber Cup, after beating Indonesia in the Final Round in Auckland.


1978 Uganda Cup
1978 Uganda Cup was the fourth season of the main Ugandan football Cup.


1978 Uganda Cup, Overview
The competition has also been known as the Kakungulu Cup and was won by Nsambya Old Timers FC who beat Uganda Commercial Bank FC 1-0 in the final. The results are not available for the earlier rounds


1978 Uganda National League
The 1978 Uganda National League was the 11th season of the Ugandan football championship, the top-level football league of Uganda.