1975 Iowa State Cyclones football team
Sy Bassett, Bob Bos, Jeff Jones, and Ray King were the team captains.


1975 Iran International Tournament
The Iran International Tournament (Persian: تورنمنت بین المللی ایران) or simply known as Iran Cup (Persian: جام ایران) was a friendly football tournament held in Tehran, Iran between July 11 and July 20, 1975. This was the second edition, the first edition was 1974 Iran International Tournament.


1975 Iran International Tournament
Seven teams participated in this edition: Iran national football team A & B, Egypt national football team, Zaire national football team,USSR U23, Poland U23 and the club side FK Teplice from Czechoslovakia.


1975 Iranian general election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 20 June 1975. All 268 seats were won by the new monarchist party, the Rastakhiz Party. Voter turnout was 48.6%, although according to official reports, for both houses, out of an electorate of 14 million, 70 percent (9.8 million) registered tovote and 52 percent of the electorate (about 7 million) cast its vote.


1975 Iranian general election, Campaign
Around 750 candidates contested the elections, of which 80% were standing for the first time. All candidates had to adhere to three basic principles: "faith in Iran's constitution, loyalty to the monarchical regime, and fidelity to the 'white revolution'." Mainly the rules were to follow a set of non-exploitation laws.


1975 Iranian general election, Campaign
However, the Rastakhiz Party, like others before it, lacked a popular base. Even though the candidates adhered to the philosophy of the rule by the monarchy, there were sometimes three or four candidates for the same seats as the party slated several candidates for the seats. However, Communists were banned from running for office.


1975 Iranian general election, Electoral system
Members of the Majlis were elected using the multiple non-transferable vote system. Tehran was allocated twenty-seven seats, Tabriz nine, Shiraz seven, Isfahan five and Ahwaz, Abadan, Babol, Rasht, Rezaieh, Karaj, and Kermanshah three. Of the remaining seats, twenty-five were allocated in two-member districts, and 139 in single-member districts.


1975 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1975 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during June and July with the final being held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on 26 July 1975.


1975 Irish Greyhound Derby
The winner Shifting Shadow won £11,000 and was trained by Podger Molloy, owned by Brian Donovan and Michael Cummiskey and bred by Paddy O'Connor. The competition was sponsored by Carrolls.


1975 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
There was no Lively Band or Myrtown when the entries came in for the 1975 Derby so Ger McKenna's Shamrock Point was the leading runner in the ante-post lists. Only two favourites out of 17 won in the opening round, Shamrock Point being the fastest of them in 29.18 with next best being Tory Snowball in 29.21.


1975 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
After a win in 29.03 by Shamrock Point in round two he looked to be the one to beat. The white and black dog had unluckily missed out on the English Derby final the previous year before winning the consolation. The next best were Cindy's Speck and Sage both winners in 29.44.


1975 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
The quarter finals arrived and there was a major shock as Shamrock Point was beaten by Cindy's Speck and Win Sam won another with a greyhound called Tain Mor eliminated. Shifting Shadow, a £600 purchase by Podger Molloy from Paddy O'Connor won the third before a controversy ensued in the fourth and final quarter final. Clopook Ivy was disqualified after passing the line first but Clopook Ivy’s owner Cora Jones disagreed with the disqualification and was granted a temporary injunction against Shelbourne Greyhound Stadium Ltd from holding the semi-finals. A few days later the High Court reversed the injunction but then the Supreme Court had to deal with an appeal before agreeing with the High Court. All this meant that the semi finals were delayed and started four days later than scheduled.


1975 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
The racing got underway again and Shifting Shadow trained by Podger Molloy beat Moonshine Bandit and Sage with favourite Cindy's Speck failing to progress. The second semi-final race resulted in the elimination of Shamrock Point who found serious trouble leaving Macbeth to cross the line first from Again and Again.


1975 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
The final line up was regarded as a weak line up but the finalists deserved to be there after progressing through four rounds. Shifting Shadow broke well from the traps and took a course on the rails, leading all the way and winning from Moonshine Bandit and Macbeth.


1975 Isle of Man TT
The 1975 Isle of Man TT was the sixth round of the 1975 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 4–6 June 1975 at the Snaefell Mountain Course.


1975 Israel Super Cup
The 1975 Israel Super Cup was the 5th Israel Super Cup (10th, including unofficial matches, as the competition wasn't played within the Israel Football Association in its first 5 editions, until 1969), an annual Israel football match played between the winners of the previous season's Top Division and Israel State Cup.


1975 Israel Super Cup
The match was played between Hapoel Be'er Sheva, champions of the 1974–75 Liga Leumit and Hapoel Kfar Saba, winners of the 1974–75 Israel State Cup.


1975 Israel Super Cup
For both teams, this was their first appearance in the competition. At the match, played at Vasermil Stadium, Hapoel Be'er Sheva won 2–1.


1975 Italian Athletics Championships
The 1975 Italian Athletics Championships was the 65th edition of the Italian Athletics Championships and were held in Florence (track & field events).


1975 Italian Grand Prix
The 1975 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monza on 7 September 1975. It was race 13 of 14 in both the 1975 World Championship of Drivers and the 1975 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. It was the 45th Italian Grand Prix and the 41st to be held at Monza. The race held over 52 laps of the five kilometre circuit for a race distance of 300 kilometres.


1975 Italian Grand Prix
The race was won by Swiss driver Clay Regazzoni in his Ferrari 312T in a glorious day for Scuderia Ferrari. It was Regazzoni's third win, Ferrari's fifth win for the season. Regazzoni took a sixteen-second win over the McLaren M23 of outgoing world champion, Brazilian driver Emerson Fittipaldi. Behind Fittipaldi was the second Ferrari of Austrian driver Niki Lauda. Third place was enough for Lauda to secure his first world championship. Lauda's 16.5 point lead would be too much for Fittipaldi to bridge at the final round of the championship at the United States Grand Prix. With Regazzoni and Lauda scoring 13 points between them, Ferrari also secured the International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers, their first such win since 1964.


1975 Italian Grand Prix, Race, Race summary
The Italian supporters were gathered in expectation of Ferrari gaining their first championship in 11 years-on home ground, with many Austrians travelling over the border to support Niki Lauda and were delighted when Ferrari filled both spaces on the front row. Tony Brise delighted his boss Graham Hill by gaining a third-row spot.


1975 Italian Grand Prix, Race, Race summary
Lauda only needed to finish better than 6th to be champion; The only other driver who was mathematically eligible for the championship, Argentine Carlos Reutemann needed to win this race as well as the United States Grand Prix with Lauda out of the points in both races.


1975 Italian Grand Prix, Race, Race summary
On Sunday morning there was a cloudburst and for some time the future of the race was in jeopardy, but the rain dried up with about an hour to go before the start. Clay Regazzoni led from Lauda and Jody Scheckter.


1975 Italian Grand Prix, Race, Race summary
Vittorio Brambilla's clutch burnt out on the first lap, whilst Bob Evans halted with a failed engine plug. There was a chaotic accident at the chicane-Scheckter had to take to the escape road as around him Jochen Mass hit the kerb, damaging his car's suspension. Ronnie Peterson collided with another car, jamming his throttle open. Mario Andretti and Rolf Stommelen retired with accident damage and Brise spun across the chicane. Harald Ertl soared over the top of Hans-Joachim Stuck's car, damaging the uprights.


1975 Italian Grand Prix, Race, Race summary
After six laps, Carlos Pace retired with a broken throttle link, soon joined by Hans-Joachim Stuck and Lella Lombardi. The Ferraris were circulating 1–2 with Clay Regazzoni leading majestically from Niki Lauda. On lap 14, Emerson Fittipaldi passed Carlos Reutemann for third place, and Reutemann's involvement in the championship was effectively over; he finished 4th in the race. Despite the Ferraris being way ahead, Fittipaldi would not give up the chase, carving down a gap of over ten seconds. With just six laps left, he managed to pass Lauda.


1975 Italian Grand Prix, Race, Race summary
Meanwhile, Patrick Depailler had taken James Hunt for fifth only to spin off down the escape road. Hunt, Tom Pryce and Reutemann were duelling, Pryce taking the place when Hunt spun off on lap 27—but ceding it to him after a further ten laps. Harald Ertl was a lap down, but drove so well that Pryce could not overtake him.


1975 Italian Grand Prix, Race, Race summary
Regazzoni took the flag, Lauda was third and champion and Ferrari won the championship for the first time since 1961 in front of their home crowd.


1975 Italian Open (tennis)
The 1975 Italian Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament that was played by men on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome, Italy. The men's and women's tournament was part of the 1975 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix. It was the 32nd edition of the tournament and was held from 26 May through 3 June 1975. The singles titles were won by Raúl Ramírez and Chris Evert.


1975 Italian Open (tennis), Finals, Men's doubles
Brian Gottfried /  Raúl Ramírez defeated  Jimmy Connors /  Ilie Năstase 6–4, 7–6, 2–6, 6–1


1975 Italian Open (tennis), Finals, Women's doubles
Chris Evert /  Martina Navratilova defeated  Sue Barker /  Glynis Coles 6–1, 6–2


1975 Italian local elections
The 1975 Italian local elections were held on 15 and 16 June. The elections were held in 6,345 municipalities and 86 provinces.


1975 Italian regional elections
The Italian regional elections of 1975 were held on 15 and 16 June. The fifteen ordinary regions, created in 1970, elected their second assemblies. Following the 1971 census, Piedmont, Veneto and Lazio had ten more seats each.


1975 Italian regional elections, Electoral system
The pure party-list proportional representation had become the accepted electoral system of Italy, and it was adopted for the regional vote too. Each Italian province corresponded to a constituency electing a group of candidates. At the constituency level, seats were divided between open lists using the largest remainder method with Droop quota. Remaining votes and seats were transferred at the regional level, where they were divided using the Hare quota, and automatically distributed to the best-performing losers on the local lists.


1975 Italian regional elections, Results summary
Nine Regional Councils elected administrations led by a Christian Democracy members backed by centrist alliances, while three regions, Piedmont, Liguria and Latium, changed sides, adding themselves to the traditional leftist strongholds Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany and Umbria: PCI and PSI shared three presidencies each. It was a big victory for Communist leader Enrico Berlinguer.


1975 Italian regional elections, Results summary
The results were a shock for the Christian Democrats which, even though they remained the majority party, saw the possibility of an historical defeat at national level in the next election. The party's secretary Amintore Fanfani was fired, and the government led by Aldo Moro began to run into more and more difficulties, leading to an early dissolution of the national legislature the following year.


1975 Ivorian general election
General elections were held in Ivory Coast on 16 November 1975 to elect a President and National Assembly. At the time the country was a one-party state with the Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA) as the sole legal party. Its leader Félix Houphouët-Boigny was elected President unopposed, whilst in the National Assembly election the PDCI-RDA won all 120 seats (increased from 100 at the previous elections). Voter turnout was reported to be 99.3% in the parliamentary election and 99.8% in the presidential election.


1975 Japan Open Tennis Championships
The 1975 Japan Open Tennis Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on hard courts. The men's events were part of the 1975 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix and took place in Tokyo, Japan. The tournament was held from 2 November through 8 November 1975. Raúl Ramírez and Kazuko Sawamatsu won the singles titles.


1975 Japan Open Tennis Championships, Finals, Men's Doubles
Brian Gottfried /  Raúl Ramírez defeated  Juan Gisbert Sr. /  Manuel Orantes, 7–6, 6–4


1975 Japan Open Tennis Championships, Finals, Women's Doubles
Ann Kiyomura /  Kazuko Sawamatsu defeated  Kayoko Fukuoka /  Kiyomi Nomura 6–2, 6–3


1975 Japan Series
The 1975 Japan Series was the 26th edition of Nippon Professional Baseball's postseason championship series. It matched the Central League champion Hiroshima Toyo Carp against the Pacific League champion Hankyu Braves. The Braves defeated the Carp in six games, four games to zero, with Game 1 and Game 4 finishing in a tie. This was the Braves' first championship in team history.


1975 Japan Soccer League, League tables, First Division
Towa Real Estate was renamed Fujita Industries when the latter absorbed its subsidiary.


1975 Japan Soccer League, League tables, Second Division, JSL Promotion/Relegation Series
NTT Kinki and Dainichi relegated, Furukawa Chiba and Yanmar Club promoted.


1975 Japan national football team
This page records the details of the Japan national football team in 1975.


1975 Japan rugby union tour of Australia
The 1975 Japan rugby union tour of Australia was a series of nine matches played by the Japan national rugby union team in Australia in July and August 1975. The Japan team won four of their matches and lost the other five, including both internationals against the Australia national rugby union team.


1975 Japanese Grand Prix
The 1975 Japanese Grand Prix was held at Fuji Speedway from 3 to 4 May 1975.


1975 John Player League
The 1975 John Player League was the seventh competing of what was generally known as the Sunday League. The competition was won for the first time by Hampshire County Cricket Club.


1975 KFK competitions (Ukraine)
The 1975 KFK competitions in Ukraine were part of the 1975 Soviet KFK competitions that were conducted in the Soviet Union. It was 11th season of the KFK in Ukraine since its introduction in 1964.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election
A by-election for the National State Assembly seat of the Kankesanthurai Electoral District, Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, was held on 6 February 1975. The election was characterised by increased tension and marked a turning point in the emergence of Tamil militancy.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Background
The incumbent Member of Parliament, the Tamil United Front S.J.V. Chelvanayakam, had resigned from his seat in October 1972 in protest against the new Constitution. Chelvanayakam argued that the by-election would function as a test of whether the new Constitution enjoyed popular support or not.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Background
However the holding of the by-election was delayed. On 4 November 1973 Chelvayakam wrote to the Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike, assuring her that the election would be held without violent disturbances. As the election continued to be postponed, the Tamil movement grew more and more restless and gradually lost faith in the parliamentary process.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Candidates
The final date for nominations was 7 January 1975. In the end the by-poll was fought between Chelvanayakam and the Communist Party candidate V. Ponnambalam. Ponnambalam was the candidate of the governing United Front coalition.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Rising tensions
The political climate in the Jaffna area (to which the constituency belonged) had become increasingly heated. Calls for a separate Tamil homeland, 'Eelam', were heard from the electorate in run-up to the polls. In the election campaign Chelvanayakam argued in favour of the Six Point Plan proposed by the Federal Party in 1972. Ponnambalam warned that a victory for Chelvanayakam would embolden separatist forces. The Communist Party had pushed the Sri Lanka Freedom Party to agree that the demands for far-reaching autonomy (beyond the 1957 Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact) would be used in the electoral propaganda. However he promised printed material with this demand never arrived, to the frustration of Ponnambalam.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Rising tensions
The election campaign was marred with tension, and the government assigned a bodyguard for Ponnambalam for his protection.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Amnesty
In 1974 forty-one Tamil youths, detained under emergency regulations, were released from jail in the run-up to the by-election. These amnesties on behalf of the government was a move seak appeasement.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Aftermath
Chelvanayakam had retained the seat with the biggest margin in the history of the constituency. Chelvanayakam interpreted the election outcome as popular mandate for Tamil independence. The statement made by Chelvanayakam on 7 February 1975 would mark a turning point in the history of the country, in which he justified the call for Tamil sovereignty. This statement marked the first formal pledge for a sovereign Tamil Eelam state.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Aftermath
Subsequently the name of TUF was changed to 'Tamil United Liberation Front'. In parliament, however, Chelvanayakam was not allowed to table his proposal for 'Eelam'.


1975 Kankesanthurai Electoral District by-election, Aftermath
The by-election marked the end for the aspirations of the Sri Lankan left-wing in the North. However the vote for Ponnambalam was substantial, compared to the popular rejection in the area of Bandaranaike's government at time. Ponnambalam later stated that he regretted having stood in the election. The election left him disillusioned with the Communist Party and the United Front, and he left withdrew from it.


1975 Kansas City Chiefs season
The 1975 Kansas City Chiefs season was the franchise's 6th season in the National Football League, the 13th as the Kansas City Chiefs, and the 16th overall,  it ended with a second consecutive 5–9 record and the Chiefs missed the playoffs for the 4th straight year. San Francisco 49ers defensive coordinator Paul Wiggin was named the second head coach in franchise history on January 23.


1975 Kansas City Chiefs season
A former Pro Bowl defensive end for the Cleveland Browns, Wiggin inherited the unenviable task of rebuilding a squad whose pool of talent had been largely depleted due to age and a number of ill-fated trades that had left the club devoid of first-round draft choices in 1973 and 1975. After an 0–3 start to the season, Wiggin directed the Chiefs to three straight wins, beginning with a convincing 42–10 victory against the Raiders on October 12. The highlight of the season was a 34–31 upset win at Dallas on Monday Night Football.


1975 Kansas City Chiefs season
The club could not maintain the early success. Owning a 5–5 record heading into the homestretch of the season, injuries to a number of key players crippled the team. The team dropped its final four contests of the year to finish at 5–9 for the second consecutive season. The regular season finale at Oakland marked the final games in the Hall of Fame careers of Len Dawson and Buck Buchanan.


1975 Kansas City Royals season
The 1975 Kansas City Royals season was their seventh in Major League Baseball. The Royals' 91–71 record was the best in franchise history and Kansas City finished second in the American League West, six games behind the Oakland Athletics. Manager Jack McKeon was fired on July 24 and was replaced by Whitey Herzog. John Mayberry became the first Royals player to hit at least 30 home runs in a season (34) and also set a franchise single-season record with 106 runs batted in.


1975 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1975 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1975 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1975 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1975 Kansas City Royals season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1975 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The 1975 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Big Eight Conference during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. In their first season under head coach Bud Moore, the Jayhawks compiled a 7–5 record (4–3 against conference opponents), finished in fourth place in the conference, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 262 to 180. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas.


1975 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The team's statistical leaders included Nolan Cromwell with 333 passing yards and 1,223 rushing yards, and Waddell Smith with 205 receiving yards. Rick Kovatch, John Morgan, and Steve Taylor were the team captains.


1975 Kansas State Wildcats football team
The 1975 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. The team's head football coach was Ellis Rainsberger, in his first of three years at the helm of the Wildcats. The Wildcats played their home games in KSU Stadium. 1975 saw the wildcats finish with a record of 3–8, and a dismal 0–7 record in Big Eight Conference play.


1975 Kansas State Wildcats football team
1975 was the first time in school history that the Wildcats were shut out three times in one season; the other time was in 1980. The Wildcats were shut out by Texas A&M, Kansas, Nebraska.


1975 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
The 1975 Kent State Golden Flashes football team was an American football team that represented Kent State University  in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. In their first season under head coach Dennis Fitzgerald, the Golden Flashes compiled a 4–7 record (1–6 against MAC opponents), finished in sixth place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 289 to 202.


1975 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
The team's statistical leaders included Dan Watkins with 916 rushing yards, Greg Kokal with 1,754 passing yards, and Kim Featsent with 563 receiving yards. Defensive back Cedric Brown was selected as a first-team All-MAC player.


1975 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
Dennis Fitzgerald was hired as Kent State's head football coach in January 1975. Fitzgerald had been Kent State's defensive coordinator under Don James, who resigned in December 1974.


1975 Kentucky Derby
The 1975 Kentucky Derby was the 101st running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 3, 1975, with 113,324 people in attendance.


1975 Kentucky Wildcats football team
The 1975 Kentucky Wildcats football team represented the University of Kentucky in the Southeastern Conference during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. The Wildcats scored 132 points while allowing 183 points, finishing 2-8-1 overall, 0-6 in the SEC.


1975 Kentucky Wildcats football team, Season
Wally Pesuit and Tom Ranieri were chosen as team captains.


1975 Kentucky Wildcats football team, Season
Kentucky opened with a 27-8 home victory against Virginia Tech, then lost 14-10 at home to Kansas, followed by a 10-10 tie at home against Maryland. A road game against Penn State ended in a 10-3 loss, putting Kentucky at 1-2-1 entering SEC play.


1975 Kentucky Wildcats football team, Season
Kentucky lost its home conference opener to Auburn, 15-9, and then lost 17-14 at LSU. A 21-13 loss at Georgia was followed by a 23-10 home win against Tulane. A 13-3 road loss at Vanderbilt and 48-7 road loss at Florida led to a 17-13 home loss in the season finale against Tennessee.


1975 Kentucky Wildcats football team, Season
The 1975 Kentucky team lost only two games by more than 9 points, and had three losses by 4 or fewer points. The Maryland team that tied Kentucky 10-10 finished the season as the Atlantic Coast Conference champions, with an undefeated record in conference play.


1975 Kentucky gubernatorial election
The 1975 Kentucky gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1975. Incumbent Democrat Julian Carroll defeated Republican nominee Robert E. Gable with 62.84% of the vote.


1975 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1975 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 81st staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.


1975 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
On 16 November 1975, James Stephens won the championship after a 1-14 to 1-05 defeat of Galmoy in the final. It was their fourth championship title overall and their first title in six championship seasons.


1975 King's Cup
The 1975 King's Cup finals were held from December 20, 1975, until January 4, 1976, once again in Bangkok. This was the 8th edition of the international football competition. South Korea were set to defend the title they won in 1969, 1970, 1971, 1973 and 1974


1975 King's Cup
The tournaments schedule was changed from previous editions and only featured one group with 6 teams. The winners and runners up entered a final.


1975 King's Cup, Fixtures and results, Group stage
Indonesia were mainly composed of players from Persib and Persija, were the official representatives of the PSSI (FA of Indonesia)


1975 Kinnaur earthquake
The 1975 Kinnaur earthquake occurred in the early afternoon (local time) (08:02 UTC) of 19 January. It had a magnitude of 6.8 on the surface wave magnitude scale and a maximum perceived intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing extensive damage in Himachal Pradesh, in northern India. Its epicentre was in Kinnaur district in the southeastern part of Himachal Pradesh and caused 47 casualties. Landslides, rock falls and avalanches caused major damage to the Hindustan-Tibet Road.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake
The earthquake affected many monasteries and buildings in the state and led to an extensive restoration work in the late 1970s and early 1980s in Himachal Pradesh. The Spiti and Parachu valleys in particular suffered the greatest damage being on the north–south Kaurik-Chango fault, causing damage to landmarks such as Key Monastery and Tabo Monastery.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Tectonic setting
The state of Himachal Pradesh lies towards the southern boundary of the Himalayan mountain belt, which was formed by the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The mountain building that formed the Himalayas is an example of thrust tectonics and is dominated by thrust faulting. There is however, a significant amount of extension along the length of the mountain belt, possibly related to its arcuate form, with the extension accommodating the bulging out of the frontal part of the Himalayas.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Tectonic setting
However, the faulting in the NW Himalayas demonstrates west–east extension, which is at a fairly high angle to the trend of the main thrust structures and may be better explained as partly accommodating the eastward spreading of the Tibetan Plateau. One of the most significant extensional structures in Himachal Pradesh is the Kaurik-Chango Fault Zone. This is interpreted to be seismically active from the presence of thermal springs and gypsum deposits and from studies of soft-sediment deformation structures thought to be seismites. These seismites have been used to suggest eight earlier earthquakes of magnitude greater than 6 in the Sumdo area affecting these Late Pleistocene to Holocene sediments. The estimated recurrence interval for earthquakes along this fault zone is about 10,000 years.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Earthquake
The earthquake rupture is estimated to be about 25 kilometres (16 mi) in length and 575 square kilometres (222 sq mi) in area, with a displacement of about 0.6 metres (2 ft 0 in). The mainshock was preceded by a major foreshock. Ground rupture was observed in the form of a series of small vertical faults, with downthrow to the west, offsetting part of National Highway 22 between Sumdo and Kaurik, with displacements up to 50 cm.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Earthquake
The isoseismal lines for the earthquake are elongated in a north-south direction, parallel to the strike of the Kaurik-Chango Fault Zone. The focal mechanism of the earthquake indicates normal faulting along with a north-south trending, west-dipping fault.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Damage
The areas most strongly affected by the earthquake were the districts of Kinnaur and Lahaul-Spiti. The worst affected villages were in the Parachu and Spiti river valleys. The village of Karauk showed the greatest degree of damage, with no building being unaffected. Buildings sited on slopes or at the base of slopes were not only affected by the shaking but by boulders falling from the hills above them. The performance of the different types of residential buildings varied greatly.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Damage
Houses made from mud, either directly or as sun-dried bricks showed damage over a wide area (up to 100 kilometres (62 mi) from the epicentre) and those in the epicentral area were often severely damaged. Unreinforced masonry structures were also badly affected, particularly those made of "random rubble stone masonry" (RRSM) with mud mortar, some of them have collapsed completely. The best performing buildings were barrack type houses constructed from corrugated iron covering a timber frame, which generally showed little or no damage.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Damage
The many monasteries and temples in the area were mostly badly damaged. They were often constructed with mudbrick or RRSM walls and had heavy roofs. Strong vertical motion during the earthquake led to excessive loads on the upper part of the supporting walls causing them to bulge outwards.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Damage
There were many landslides, rockfalls and avalanches triggered by the earthquake. One landslide dammed the Parachu river to a height of 60 metres (200 ft), forming a lake that caused flash flooding when it burst two months later.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Aftermath
Damaged temples and monasteries were repaired or rebuilt immediately after the earthquake. The Guru Ghantal monastery at Tupchiling, which was completely destroyed in the earthquake, was rebuilt using stone masonry and cement mortar. The roof, which was originally wooden, although it had already been replaced by slates by 1975, now consists of corrugated iron sheets. The original design of these earthen buildings had already evolved to contain elements of earthquake resistance before the damage in 1975. The walls were reinforced using ring beams around the whole structure to prevent outward displacement during an earthquake.


1975 Kinnaur earthquake, Aftermath
Further reinforcement was in some cases provided by buttresses of stone or brick at each corner of the building. Initial repairs after the earthquake by the local people involved additional corner buttresses, replacement wooden roofs and repair of the upper walls with stone masonry. Most of these repairs, however, have either caused further problems or may do so in the future.


1975 Kjalarnes helicopter crash
On Sunday, 17 January 1975, a Sikorsky S-55B helicopter crashed by the Hjarðarnes farm in Hvalfjörður, Iceland, while en route from Reykjavík Airport to Snæfellsnes. Seven people were on board, including two crew members and five employees of RARIK, the Icelandic State Electricity company. Everyone on board was killed on impact. It remains the deadliest helicopter crash in Icelandic aviation history.


1975 Kjalarnes helicopter crash
The cause of the crash was ruled to be wind conditions at Hjarðarnes. The helicopter was also believed to have been overloaded but the investigative committee stated that the crash would have likely occurred even if it had been correctly loaded.


1975 Kjalarnes helicopter crash, Aircraft and crew
The Sikorsky S-55B helicopter was built in 1954 and originally used by the United States Army. It was operated by Orlando Helicopter Airways from 1971 until it was sold to Þyrluflug hf. which received it on 1 January 1975.


1975 Kjalarnes helicopter crash, Aircraft and crew
The pilot was 31-year old Lúðvík Karlsson, a well known aviation pioneer in Iceland. The second crew member was Kristján S. Helgason, the director of Þyrluflug hf.


1975 Knockout Carnival
The 1975 Knockout Carnival was the 19th Australian National Football Carnival, an Australian rules football interstate competition. The tournament was won by Victoria.


1975 Knockout Carnival
The 1975 carnival represented a significant change in format for the carnival. Previous carnivals had all been played as a stand-alone event in a single host city, with each team playing the others in a round robin competition; but the 1975 carnival was played as a shortened knock-out tournament and split between two cities. Just three games were played: two semi finals and a final. The semi-finals were played as a double-header in Melbourne, and the final was contested a month later in Adelaide. Unlike previous carnivals, no All-Australian team or Tassie Medalist was chosen.


1975 Kuwaiti general election
General elections were held in Kuwait on 27 January 1975. Around 260 candidates contested the election, which saw pro-government candidates remain the largest bloc in Parliament. Voter turnout was 60.1%.


1975 Kvalserien
The 1975 Kvalserien was the first edition of the Kvalserien. It determined which two teams of the participating ones would play in the 1975–76 Elitserien season and which six teams would play in the 1975–76 Swedish Division 1 season.


1975 LFF Lyga
The 1975 LFF Lyga was the 54th season of the LFF Lyga football competition in Lithuania. It was contested by 26 teams, and Dainava Alytus won the championship.


1975 LPGA Championship
The 1975 LPGA Championship was the 21st LPGA Championship, held May 29 to June 1 at Pine Ridge Golf Course in Lutherville, Maryland, a suburb north of Baltimore.


1975 LPGA Championship
Kathy Whitworth won her third LPGA Championship, a stroke ahead of defending champion Sandra Haynie. It was Whitworth's sixth and final major title.


1975 LPGA Tour
The 1975 LPGA Tour was the 26th season since the LPGA Tour officially began in 1950. The season ran from January 31 to November 23. The season consisted of 27 official money events. Sandra Haynie and Carol Mann won the most tournaments, four each. Sandra Palmer led the money list with earnings of $76,374.


1975 LPGA Tour
There were five first-time winners in 1975: Amy Alcott, Maria Astrologes, Susie McAllister, Mary Bea Porter, and Jo Ann Washam.


1975 LPGA Tour, Tournament results
The following table shows all the official money events for the 1975 season. "Date" is the ending date of the tournament. The numbers in parentheses after the winners' names are the number of wins they had on the tour up to and including that event. Majors are shown in bold.


1975 LPGA Tour, LPGA Tour settles Jane Blalock lawsuit
The LPGA Tour dropped its appeal and made settlement in the lawsuit Jane Blalock filed against the Tour after they suspended her for one year due to cheating allegations that began at the 1972 Bluegrass Invitational where Blalock was disqualified. Blalock, with the help of a court order, was allowed to continue playing LPGA tournaments while her suit was  being resolved. In August 1974, a court had ruled in favor of Blalock and awarded her $4,500 in damages. Those damages were subsequently tripled in March 1975. The LPGA was also ordered to pay Blalock's legal fees, which totaled $95,303.


1975 LPGA Tour, LPGA Tour settles Jane Blalock lawsuit
After settling with Blalock, the LPGA Tour adopted a formal organization which included having a commissioner.


1975 LSU Tigers football team
The 1975 LSU Tigers football team represented Louisiana State University (LSU) during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. Under head coach Charles McClendon, the Tigers had a record of 5–6 with a Southeastern Conference record of 2–4. It was McClendon's fourteenth season as head coach at LSU.


1975 La Costa WCT
The 1975 La Costa WCT, also known as the Michelob Classic, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in La Costa, California in the United States. The tournament was part of Blue Group of the 1975 World Championship Tennis circuit. It was the third edition of the event and was held from February 17 through February 23, 1975. Rod Laver won the singles title.


1975 La Costa WCT, Finals, Doubles
Brian Gottfried /  Raúl Ramírez defeated  Charlie Pasarell /  Roscoe Tanner 7–5, 6–4


1975 La Flèche Wallonne
The 1975 La Flèche Wallonne was the 39th edition of La Flèche Wallonne cycle race and was held on 17 April 1975. The race started and finished in Verviers. The race was won by André Dierickx of the Rokado team.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing
On December 29, 1975, a bomb detonated near the TWA baggage reclaim terminal at LaGuardia Airport in New York City. The blast killed 11 people and seriously injured 74. The perpetrators were never identified. The attack occurred during a four-year period of heightened terrorism within the United States: 1975 was especially volatile, with bombings in New York City and Washington, D.C., and two assassination attempts on President Gerald Ford.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing
The LaGuardia Airport bombing was at the time the deadliest attack by a non-state actor to occur on American soil since the 1927 Bath School bombings, which killed 44 people. It was the deadliest attack in New York City since the 1920 Wall Street bombing, which killed 38 people, until the September 11 attacks in 2001.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Attack
The bomb exploded at approximately 6:33 p.m. in the TWA baggage claim area in the central terminal. Investigators later came to believe the equivalent of 25 sticks of dynamite had been placed in a coin-operated locker located next to the baggage carousels. The bomb blew the lockers apart, sending fragmentation flying across the room; the fragmentation caused all 11 deaths and injured several people. Others were injured by shards of glass broken off the terminal's plate glass windows. The force of the bomb ripped a 10-by-15-foot (3.0 by 4.6 m) hole in the 8-inch (20 cm) reinforced concrete ceiling of the baggage claim area. The subsequent fire in the terminal took over an hour to get under control.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Attack
The death toll could have been much worse if the area had not been largely clear of passengers at the time; two flights from Cincinnati and Indianapolis had arrived at 6:00 p.m. and most of the passengers on these flights had already left the area. Most of the dead and injured were airport employees, people waiting for transportation, and limo drivers.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Attack
– Mike Schimmel, a businessman who had been in a limo outside when the terminal blew up and who went into the terminal shortly afterward.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Aftermath
One witness, 27-year-old Indianapolis lawyer H. Patrick Callahan, was with his law partner at the time of the bombing. "My law partner and I had gone outside to see where the limo was... We had just gone back and we were leaning against one of those big columns. The people who died were standing next to us," said Callahan. When Callahan awakened, all he could see was dust, and he could not even see his companion, who was two feet away at the time. The blast damaged Callahan's hearing, which did not return for a week. "The bomb appeared to have been placed in the lockers directly adjacent to the carousel that the luggage was on... It was evil," said Callahan.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Aftermath
The bombing was condemned by Pope Paul VI and President Ford. Ford said he was "deeply grieved at the loss of life and injuries". He cut short his vacation in Vail, Colorado, and ordered FAA head John McLucas to look into ways of tightening airport security. Then Mayor of New York City Abraham Beame said the bombing "was the work of maniacs. We will hunt them down."


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Aftermath
Airports throughout the country including in Washington, Cleveland, and St. Louis were evacuated after receiving hoax bomb calls.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Investigations
Queens Chief of Detectives Edwin Dreher led the investigation. Dreher was less than 2 miles (3 km) from LaGuardia investigating a drug-related murder in the Astoria neighborhood when he heard about the bombing. He immediately went to the airport and summoned by radio all available detectives from the five boroughs, launching at the time the largest criminal investigation in the NYPD's history.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Investigations
The investigation included 120 NYPD detectives, 600 FBI agents, ATF agents, and Port Authority investigators, who concluded that the bomb was made of either TNT or plastic explosives and was controlled by household items such as a Westclox alarm clock and an Eveready 6-volt lantern battery. One of the leads suggested was a paroled political activist who had been imprisoned for a previous bombing. The activist's brother had been arrested at LaGuardia on a fraud charge the day before the bombing. Subsequent investigations showed that the activist had an alibi and was ruled out as a suspect.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Investigations
The investigation may have been hampered by the cleanup operation where victims and debris were removed from the scene.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Investigations
Following the attack, telephone calls were made to several US airports warning them of further attacks, but these were hoaxes. In addition, an anonymous person called the news agency UPI claiming to be from the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and responsibility for the attack. However, the PLO spokesman at the United Nations denied all responsibility and condemned "the dastardly attack against the innocent people at LaGuardia". The PLO believed the call linking it to the bombing was an attempt to sabotage talks at the UN scheduled for January 12 regarding the plight of Palestinians.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Investigations
Other suggested perpetrators included the Mafia, the F.A.L.N. (who were responsible for the bombing of New York's Fraunces Tavern in January 1975), and the Jewish Defense League, though there was nothing to link these groups to the bombing other than past violence.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Investigations
Since there was no credible claim of responsibility, investigators concluded the bomb had gone off at the wrong time and that the intent had been for it to detonate either 12 hours earlier or later, when the area would have been nearly clear of people. John Schindler, writing for The Observer, suggested the Yugoslav State Security Administration (UDBA or UDSA) orchestrated the bombing as a false flag attack as part of an ongoing effort to discredit Croatian dissidents.


1975 LaGuardia Airport bombing, Investigations
The Air Transport Association offered a $50,000 reward for information leading to the arrest of the bombers. As of 2016 the crime remained officially unsolved.


1975 Ladbroke International (snooker)
The 1975 Ladbroke International was a professional invitational team snooker tournament, that took place in early 1975 and was recorded by Thames Television for broadcast. The event featured two teams, "England" and "Rest of the World", with representatives from each team playing single frame matches. The winning team was determined by the aggregate score in points across all matches. The "Rest of the World" team won by 113 points.


1975 Ladbroke International (snooker)
The "England" team was Rex Williams, Fred Davis, Graham Miles, John Spencer and John Pulman. The "Rest of the World" team was Ray Reardon (Wales), Eddie Charlton (Australia), Cliff Thorburn (Canada) and Alex Higgins and Jackie Rea (both Northern Ireland).


1975 Ladbroke International (snooker)
Broadcasts were on ITV from 7 April 1975, with commentary by Shaw Taylor.


1975 Lafayette Leopards football team
The 1975 Lafayette Leopards football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College as an independent during the 1975 NCAA Division II football season.


1975 Lafayette Leopards football team
In their fifth year under head coach Neil Putnam, the Leopards compiled a 5–5 record. Mark Jones and John Grimes were the team captains.


1975 Lafayette Leopards football team
Lafayette played its home games at Fisher Field on College Hill in Easton, Pennsylvania.


1975 Lamar Cardinals football team
The 1975 Lamar Cardinals football team represented Lamar University in the 1975 NCAA Division I football season as a member of the Southland Conference. The Cardinals played their home games at Cardinal Stadium now named Provost Umphrey Stadium in Beaumont, Texas. Lamar finished the 1975 season with a 1–10 overall record and a 1–4 conference record. The 1975 season was coach Vernon Glass's final season as the Cardinals' head football coach. Playing the Southern Miss Golden Eagles in the Superdome and the Houston Cougars in the Astrodome, the Cardinals became "...the first collegiate team to play games in two domed stadiums in the same season".


1975 Lane Cove state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Lane Cove on 8 February 1975 because of the resignation of Attorney General Ken McCaw (Liberal).


1975 Latvian SSR Higher League, Overview
It was contested by 12 teams, and VEF won the championship.


1975 Lazio regional election
The regional election of 1975 took place on 15 June 1975. Ten new seats were added to the Regional Council following the 1971 census.


1975 Lazio regional election, Events
Christian Democracy was narrowly behind the Italian Communist Party. After the election Roberto Palleschi, a Socialist became President of the Region with the support of the Italian Communist Party (Frontism).


1975 Lazio regional election, Events
In 1976 Palleschi was replaced by Communist Maurizio Ferrara, to whom Giulio Santarelli, a Socialist, succeeded in 1977.


1975 Leeds City Council election
Elections to Leeds City Council were held on 1 May 1975. One third of the seats, as well as an extra vacancy in Aireborough, were up for election. Labour had gained a seat from a by-election in Burley in the interim, prompted by the arrest of incumbent Conservative Ray Forbes in connection with arms smuggling.


1975 Leeds City Council election
The election resulted in a substantial swing to the Conservatives, helping them gain six seats in total, with four from Labour (Burley, Kirkstall, Pudsey South and Wortley) and two from the Liberals (Horsforth and Otley). This established the Conservatives as the largest party on the council, but with the council remaining under no overall control.


1975 Leeds City Council election, Election result
This result has the following consequences for the total number of seats on the Council after the elections:


1975 Lehigh Engineers football team
The 1975 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University as an independent during the 1975 NCAA Division II football season. Lehigh lost in the quarterfinal round of the national playoffs, but won the Lambert Cup.


1975 Lehigh Engineers football team
In their 11th and final year under head coach Fred Dunlap, the Engineers compiled a 9–3 record (9–2  in the regular season). Jerry Mullane and Joe Sterrett were the team captains.


1975 Lehigh Engineers football team
Unranked at the start of the year, the Engineers first appeared in the 1975 Division II national polls in late October, climbing to No. 4 in the coaches poll before a late-season loss to Bucknell dropped them to No. 6, their final coaches poll position. In the AP writers poll, Lehigh ended the regular season ranked No. 11, but the final poll was released after the playoffs, and Lehigh did not rank in the top 15.


1975 Lehigh Engineers football team
Lehigh won the Lambert Cup, awarded to the best team from a mid-sized college in the East. The Engineers also qualified for its second NCAA Division II national playoff in three years, but lost in the first round to No. 8  New Hampshire.


1975 Lehigh Engineers football team
Lehigh played its home games, including its playoff game, at Taylor Stadium on the university campus in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.


1975 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill
A spill of the leadership of the Liberal Party of Australia took place on 21 March 1975. It came about as a result of Malcolm Fraser's continued dissatisfaction with the party's direction under Billy Snedden. Fraser's challenge was successful – he defeated Snedden by 37 votes to 27, thus becoming Leader of the Opposition.


1975 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill, Background
Snedden and Fraser both entered parliament at the 1955 federal election, and were soon being touted as future Liberal leaders. In 1971, both men were candidates for the deputy leadership vacated by John Gorton, with Snedden winning. After the party lost the 1972 election, both men were candidates to replace William McMahon as leader. Snedden won the leadership election by a single vote over Nigel Bowen, with Fraser eliminated on the third ballot. In the new shadow ministry, Snedden made Fraser the spokesman for the primary industry, which was widely seen as a snub.


1975 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill, Background, Failed 1974 spill motion
After the Liberals lost the May 1974 election, dissatisfaction began to grow with Snedden's leadership. Later that year, Tony Staley began openly organising against Snedden, initially without Fraser's knowledge. On 26 November, a group of MPs confronted Snedden in his office and asked him to resign. He refused, but called a partyroom meeting the next day. Staley moved that the leadership be declared vacant, seconded by John Bourchier, but the motion was defeated. Fraser never formally announced himself as a candidate for the leadership.


1975 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill, Background, Events of 1975
On 30 January 1975, following continuing media speculation, Snedden met with Fraser and asked for a public declaration of loyalty. Fraser issued a statement that, although approved by Snedden, was widely seen as equivocating about his future plans. Over the following weeks, according to Paul Kelly, "a number of Fraser supporters established a solid and regular rapport with senior newspaper correspondents, and the psychology of crisis [...] afflicting the leadership was further exacerbated... the more it was written about, the more real it became". Opinion polling by The Bulletin in early March put Snedden's approval rating at 28 percent.


1975 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill, Background, Events of 1975
On Friday, 14 March, Andrew Peacock – previously a Snedden supporter – publicly called for the leadership to be put to a vote. The following Monday, Snedden agreed to call a leadership ballot for Friday, 21 March. Fraser announced himself as a candidate on 18 March, and Andrew Peacock and James Killen announced their own candidacies the following day; both subsequently dropped out. Fraser eventually defeated Snedden by 37 votes to 27.


1975 Liberian general election
General elections were held in Liberia on 7 October 1975, alongside a simultaneous referendum on presidential term limits. In the presidential election, incumbent William Tolbert of the True Whig Party (who had taken office after the death of William Tubman in 1971) was the only candidate, and was re-elected unopposed. In the legislative elections True Whig Party candidates won all 74 seats in the House of Representatives unopposed. Voter turnout was around 80%.


1975 Liberian general election
The elections were the first after the eligible age of voters in elections was reduced to 18. It was a combined elections for choosing the President, Representatives of the House and the Senate. Independent observers claim that the elections in 1975 along with that of the earlier elections were rigged by the ruling True Whig Party.


1975 Liberian general election, Electoral system
The Legislature of Liberia was modeled based on the Legislature of United States. It is bicameral in nature with a Senate and the House of Representatives. There are 15 counties in the country and based on the population, each county is defined to have at least two members, while the total number of members to the house including the Speaker being 74. Each member represents an electoral district and elected to a four-year term (six years after 2011 elections) based on popular vote.


1975 Liberian general election, Electoral system
There were 18 senators, two each for the nine counties and they serve a six-year term (30 senators, 15 counties and nine years from 2011). Senators are also elected based on plurality of votes. The vice-president is the head of the Senate and he also acts as president in his absence.


1975 Liberian general election, Electoral system
To be eligible as a voter, one had to possess 18 years of age, registered on electoral rolls and own a real estate valued at least L$2,000. Persons who are of foreign origin, insane and convicted in crime were not eligible. The eligibility criteria to be candidate of a political party in the House of Representatives was residence in the country for two years continuously before the elections, ownership of real estate and should be 23 years of age. The eligibility criteria to be candidate of a political party in the Senate was residence in the country for three years continuously before the elections, ownership of real estate and should be 25 years of age.


1975 Liberian general election, Conduct
Independent observers claim that the elections in 1975 along with that of the earlier elections were rigged by the ruling True Whig Party. All the candidates of the Party during the elections were unopposed. In spite of no opposition, the number of eligible voters were enhanced by around 200,000, making the number of voters more than the number of eligible voters. There were no voter registries maintained during the elections and people were allowed to vote many number of times. A view has also been placed that the electorate lost confidence in the election system thereby leading to frequent political crisis in the country.


1975 Liberian general election, Results
Incumbent President Tolbert from True Whig Party campaigned that if they were re-elected to power, the government would work towards rural empowerment and the infrastructure development. Tolbert was re-elected as the president of the country along with all the candidates of his party for the House of Representatives and the Senate. During 1975, there was an amendment to the constitution that prevented a single person from continuing as president for more than two four-year terms.


1975 Liberian presidential term referendum
A referendum on presidential terms was held in Liberia on 7 October 1975, alongside simultaneous general elections. The change would limit a president to serving for a single term of eight years. Incumbent President William Tolbert promised he would leave office in 1983 even if the change was rejected. It passed with 90% of voters in favour.


1975 Liberty Bowl
The 1975 Liberty Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game played on December 22, 1975, in Memphis, Tennessee. In the 17th edition of the Liberty Bowl, the USC Trojans defeated the Texas A&M Aggies, 20–0. This was the first playing of the bowl with the venue named as Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium, as its name had been changed from Memphis Memorial Stadium earlier the same month.


1975 Liberty Bowl, Background
The Aggies had won more games than in the previous season for the third straight year, and it culminated in a conference title, albeit a shared one. The Aggies started the season ranked at #8, opening the season up with a victory over Ole Miss. The Aggies won their first ten games, with the last being against #5 Texas 20–10. However, quarterback Mike Jay injured his back during the victory, and David Shipman replaced him for the game against #18 Arkansas in early December.


1975 Liberty Bowl, Background
The Aggies lost 31–6 to fall to #6 and finish with a share of the Southwest Conference title with Arkansas and Texas, with the former going to the Cotton Bowl that year. Instead, the Aggies were invited to the Liberty Bowl, their first ever appearance in the game along with their first bowl appearance since 1968.


1975 Liberty Bowl, Background
The Trojans started their season off ranked fourth in the nation, as they won their first seven games of the season to be at #4 heading into the latter part of their conference schedule. But losses to California, Stanford, Washington, and #14 UCLA dropped them out of the polls and out of the race for the Pacific-8 Conference title, as they finished at 3-4, behind the teams that had beaten USC. This was their fourth straight bowl game along with their first Liberty Bowl appearance. This was the first season that the Pac-8 allowed bowl participation in addition to the Rose Bowl; Cal, Stanford, and Washington stayed at home while fifth place USC was invited to Memphis.


1975 Liberty Bowl, Game summary
A Monday night game, temperatures were around 35 °F (2 °C) and all of the scoring was in the first half. Glen Walker started the scoring off with a field goal from 45 yards. Quarterback Vince Evans' 65-yard pass set up a Mosi Tatupu touchdown plunge from a yard out to make it 10–0 in the second quarter. Clint Strozier intercepted a pass at the Aggie 19 to set up a Walker field goal from 40 yards out. A screen pass from Evans to Ricky Bell went 76 yards for a touchdown to give the Trojans a 20–0 lead with 5:14 in the half.


1975 Liberty Bowl, Game summary
There were no scoring drives in the second half as the Trojans completed the shutout. Texas A&M was completely stymied on the day, turning the ball over four times, including two times when in Trojan territory. Despite having more first downs and rushing yards (15 and 148 yards to USC's 13 and 141, respectively), USC outpassed them 174 to 99 while Bell rushed for 82 yards on 28 carries. With the yards carried in the game, he broke the USC's single season rushing record of 1,880 yards set by O. J. Simpson in 1968 with 1,957 yards in 12 games.


1975 Liberty Bowl, Aftermath
This was head coach John McKay's final game with the Trojans, as he left for the expansion Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the National Football League (NFL). USC continued their run with new coach John Robinson, going to three more bowl games in the decade. They have not been invited to the Liberty Bowl since this game. Texas A&M also went to three more bowl games in the decade, though they did not return to the Liberty Bowl again until 2014. The two teams met again two years later in the Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl, which USC won 47–28.


1975 Lice earthquake
The 1975 Lice earthquake struck the Turkish district of Lice at 12:20 local time (09:20 UTC) on 6 September. The epicenter of the Ms 6.7 shock was located near the town of Lice and the maximum felt intensity was VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale. More than 2,300 people were killed.


1975 Lice earthquake, Tectonic setting
The tectonics of Turkey are dominated by the effects of the continuing collision between the African Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The main result of this collision is the southwestward escape of the Anatolian Plate by displacement along the North Anatolian and East Anatolian Faults. To the east of these faults, the plate boundary is a zone of orthogonal collision, with the relative displacement spread out over a wide zone, continuing as far north as the Greater Caucasus. The largest fault within the plate boundary zone is the west-east trending Bitlis frontal thrust and the 1975 earthquake is thought to have been caused by movement on this structure.


1975 Lice earthquake, Damage
The main area of damage was located near the towns of Hani, Lice and Kulp. In Lice 12 out of the 13  mahalles (sections) of the town were completely destroyed. 6 schools, 6 mosques and 132 commercial buildings were damaged. In the 188 villages surrounding Lice that were affected, 5,555 houses suffered either severe damage or total destruction.


1975 Lice earthquake, Characteristics
The earthquake occurred near midday without any warning. The shaking continued for about 20–24 seconds. The mainshock was followed by aftershocks that continued for more than a month. The focal mechanism for the earthquake suggests that it was associated with dominantly reverse movement on a fault plane dipping at 45° to the northwest with a significant sinistral (left lateral) component.


1975 Lice earthquake, Response, National
A total of 15,000 Turkish soldiers were involved in rescue and relief work, with the first personnel arriving just 3 hours after the earthquake. The government set aside a total of 34 million dollars for repair and reconstruction.


1975 Lice earthquake, Response, International
Financial assistance from the international community, from both government and private sources reached a total of $14,837,058. The largest government contribution was from Saudi Arabia. Aid in the form of food and some other supplies from foreign agencies were treated with suspicion with much unfamiliar tinned food being sold for animal feed.


1975 Lice earthquake, Aftermath
Just 5 days after the earthquake, following a geological site investigation of suitable sites, the decision was made to relocate the town about 2 km (1.2 mi) south of its previous position. By 29 October 1975, 1,568 houses, 40 shops, a school, a mosque and a bakery were complete.


1975 Liechtenstein local elections
Local elections were held in Liechtenstein in 1975 to elect the municipal councils and the mayors of the eleven municipalities.


1975 Liechtenstein local elections, Election system
The municipal councils (German: Gemeinderat) are composed of an even number of councillors plus the mayor (German: Gemeindevorsteher). The number of councillors is determined by population count: 6 councillors for population under 500; 8 councillors for population between 500 and 1,500; 10 councillors for population between 1,500 and 3,000; and 12 councillors for population over 3,000.


1975 Liechtenstein local elections, Election system
Councillors were elected in single multi-member districts, consisting of the municipality's territory, using an open list proportional representation system. Voting was on the basis of male suffrage in a secret ballot. The mayors were elected in a two-round system. If none of the candidates achieved a majority in the first round, a second round would have been held four weeks later, where the candidate with a plurality would be elected as a mayor.


1975 Liechtenstein referendums
Two referendums were held in Liechtenstein during 1975. The first was held on 2 March on reducing the amount of money distributed to local councils (which had been approved by a 1970 referendum) and was rejected by 56.8% of voters. The second was held on 30 November on amending article 46 of the constitution (concerning elections and composition of the Landtag) and was rejected by 50.3% of voters, a margin of 22 votes.


1975 Liga Deportiva Universitaria de Quito season
Liga Deportiva Universitaria de Quito's 1975 season was the club's 45th year of existence, the 22nd year in professional football and the 15th in the top level of professional football in Ecuador.


1975 Ligurian regional election
The Ligurian regional election of 1975 took place on 15 June 1975.


1975 Ligurian regional election, Events
The Italian Communist Party was the largest party, largely ahead of Christian Democracy. After the election, Communist Angelo Carossino formed a government comprising also the Italian Socialist Party (Frontism). Carossino was replaced by Armando Magliotto in 1979.


1975 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1975 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 81st staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.


1975 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
On 21 September 1975, Kilmallock won the championship after a 3-14 to 3-07 defeat of Patrickswell in the final. It was their fifth championship title overall and their third title in succession.


1975 Lion Shield
The 1975 season of the Lion Shield was the fifth recorded season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. Kolofo'ou No.1won the championship, their fifth successive title. Navutoka FC were runners-up.


1975 Little League World Series
The 1975 Little League World Series took place between August 20 and August 23 in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. The Lakewood Little League of Lakewood, New Jersey, defeated the Belmont Heights Little League of Tampa, Florida, in the championship game of the 29th Little League World Series.


1975 Little League World Series
This was the only LLWS in which Little League Baseball banned all non-US teams from the tournament, due to allegations of teams from Taiwan using out-of-district players. After an uproar of criticism and an investigation that could produce no evidence of rules violations, the ban was rescinded for the 1976 event. Only three games were played in the tournament, consisting of two semi-final games and the championship game. The third-place game was forfeited. This was the last tournament not to feature international teams until 2021, which came about during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.


1975 Little League World Series, Champions path
The Lakewood LL went undefeated, winning all four games to reach the LLWS. In total, their record was 6–0.


1975 Little Mo Classic
The 1975 Little Mo Classic was a women's singles tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Omni Coliseum in Atlanta, Georgia in the United States. The event was part of the 1975 Women's International Grand Prixs. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from September 15 through September 21, 1975. First-seeded Chris Evert won the singles title and earned $15,000 first-prize money. The tournament was named after Maureen Connolly and held to benefit the tennis foundation in her name.


1975 Little Mo Classic, Finals, Doubles
Chris Evert /  Martina Navratilova  defeated  Françoise Dürr /  Betty Stöve 6–4, 5–7, 6–2


1975 Liverpool City Council election
Elections to Liverpool City Council were held on 1 May 1975. One third of the council was up for election. The terms of office of the Councillors elected in 1973 with the third highest number of votes in each ward, expired and so these election results were compared with the 1973 results. Bill Smyth of the Liberal party became the Leader of the Council albeit with no overall control.


1975 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 1975 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 61st edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 20 April 1975. The race started and finished in Liège. The race was won by Eddy Merckx of the Molteni team.


1975 Lombard regional election
The Lombard regional election of 1975 took place on 15 June 1975. The 2nd term of the Regional Council was chosen.


1975 Lombard regional election, Electoral law
Election was held under proportional representation with provincial constituencies where the largest remainder method with a Droop quota was used. To ensure more proportionality, remained votes and seats were transferred at regional level and calculated at-large.


1975 Lombard regional election, Results
Despite the huge jump made by the Communist Party, which gained nearly 7 point more than five years before and won the majority of votes in Milan, the Christian Democracy party remained the largest party and incumbent president Cesare Golfari was able to form a second center-left government with the support of the PSI, the PSDI and the PRI.


1975 Long Beach Grand Prix
The 1975 Long Beach Grand Prix was the inaugural running of the Grand Prix of Long Beach. The race was held September 28, 1975, on a 2.02-mile (3.25 km) temporary street circuit. It was race 7 of the 1975 SCCA/USAC Formula 5000 Championship. An estimated 65,000 spectators saw Englishman Brian Redman win the race from Australian Vern Schuppan, with Canadian driver Eppie Wietzes finishing third.


1975 Long Beach Grand Prix, Background
In 1974 the city of Long Beach began a billion-dollar redevelopment program of the downtown area. Chris Pook, a British travel agent working in Long Beach, proposed holding a street course race in the vein of the Monaco Grand Prix. In order to prepare for a Formula One race the following year, the organizers decided to hold a Formula 5000 race that was held at a track in Riverside with an exhibition in Long Beach.


1975 Long Beach Grand Prix, Qualifying
Qualifying times were set in two sessions on Saturday. Seeded drivers had one 45-minute session and one 1 hour, 15 minute session, while non-seeded drivers had two 45-minute sessions. Starting positions were set by two heat races, with the finishers from Heat 1 starting in odd positions and Heat 2 in even positions.


1975 Long Beach Grand Prix, Race
At the start, Al Unser led from 2nd on the grid. On lap 3, polesitter Tony Brise had taken the lead and Mario Andretti took over second place. Brise led until lap 15, when both Andretti and Unser got by. Brise re-passed Unser on the next lap, and battled with Andretti until he re-took the lead on lap 29. On lap 33, Andretti retired with transmission problems, and one lap later Brise retired with a broken driveshaft. Brian Redman took the lead and pulled away to a nearly 30-second victory over Vern Schuppan and Eppie Wietzes. Redman also clinched the season points championship.


1975 Long Beach State 49ers football team
The 1975 Long Beach State 49ers football team represented California State University, Long Beach during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season.


1975 Long Beach State 49ers football team
Cal State Long Beach competed in the Pacific Coast Athletic Association. The team was led by second year head coach Wayne Howard, and played their home games at Veterans Stadium adjacent to the campus of Long Beach City College in Long Beach, California. They finished the season with a record of nine wins, two losses (9–2, 4–1 PCAA).


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season
The 1975 Los Angeles Dodgers finished in second place, 20 games behind the Cincinnati Reds in the Western Division of the National League.


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season, 1975 Major League Baseball Draft
The Dodgers drafted 33 players in the June draft and 11 in the January draft. Of those, six players would eventually play in the Major Leagues.


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season, 1975 Major League Baseball Draft
The top draft pick was shortstop Mark Bradley from Elizabethtown High School in Elizabethtown, Kentucky. He spent two seasons with the Dodgers as an outfielder in 1981–82 and a third season with the New York Mets and hit .204 in 113 at-bats.


1975 Los Angeles Dodgers season, 1975 Major League Baseball Draft
The most successful draft pick was pitcher Dave Stewart, a 16th round pick out of St. Elizabeth High School in Oakland, California. He reached the Majors in 1978 with the Dodgers and played through 1995, primarily with the Oakland Athletics. He was 168–129 with a 3.95 ERA, was a 1989 All-Star, 3 time World Series Champion, a World Series MVP and 3 time League Championship Series MVP. Following his playing career he became a coach, an agent and a General Manager.


1975 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards
The 1st Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards, given by the Los Angeles Film Critics Association (LAFCA), honored the best in film for 1975.


1975 Los Angeles Rams season
The 1975 Los Angeles Rams season was the team's 38th year with the National Football League and the 30th season in Los Angeles.


1975 Los Angeles Rams season
In 2007, ESPN.com ranked the 1975 Rams as the tenth-greatest defense in NFL history. Said ESPN.com, "Fred Dryer. Jack Youngblood. Merlin Olsen. Get the idea? They weren't the "Fearsome Foursome," but with those guys anchoring the defensive line, and All-Pros Isiah Robertson (linebacker) and Dave Elmendorf (safety), the Rams were almost impossible to score against. The Rams went 12–2, holding opponents to just 9.6 points a game, (the second-lowest average in NFL history) and ending the season with a six-game winning streak during which they gave up just 32 points. The defense wasn't as impressive in the postseason, surrendering 23 points in a first-round 35–23 victory over the offensive powerhouse Cardinals before losing 37–7 to the Cowboys in the NFC title game."


1975 Los Angeles Times 500
The 1975 Los Angeles Times 500 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race that took place on November 23, 1975, at Ontario Motor Speedway in Ontario, California.


1975 Los Angeles Times 500
This was the last race where the car's model year was part of the race info. From 1975 onwards, the passenger vehicles that people actually drove in real life started to deviate from the stock cars exhibited in NASCAR due to environmental regulations on the automobile industry. The gulf between NASCAR vehicles and regular passenger automobiles started to become even greater throughout the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. By the 21st century, regular passenger vehicles had nothing to do with the NASCAR vehicles except for the manufacturer name and the model of the vehicle.


1975 Los Angeles Times 500, Race report
Two hundred laps were completed in three hours and thirty-three minutes on the paved track spanning 2.500 miles (4.023 km). More than 50,000 spectators see Buddy Baker defeat David Pearson by 29.4 seconds in the #15 Norris Industries Ford machine. Only one caution for nine laps slowed the action. Pearson would earn the pole position with a speed of 153.525 miles per hour (247.075 km/h), the average race of the speed would be 140.712 miles per hour (226.454 km/h). The total prize purse was $140,775 ($668,877.13 when adjusted for inflation); Baker would receive $35,300 of it ($167,724.12 when adjusted for inflation) while Negre earned $1,050 ($4,988.96 when adjusted for inflation).


1975 Los Angeles Times 500, Race report
Out of the 40-driver grid, 39 were American-born while Roy Smith was a Canadian. Cecil Gordon had engine problems that put him out of the race on lap 141; which nearly destroyed his vehicle. A tie-rod end had backed out and was just hanging on.


1975 Los Angeles Times 500, Race report
Ed Negre would be the last-place finisher due to an engine problem on the second lap. Richard Childress finished tenth in his final race at the wheel of Tom Garn's #96. Childress became an owner-driver for 1976 and changed numbers to #3.


1975 Los Angeles Times 500, Race report
Notable crew chiefs in this race were Tim Brewer, Travis Carter, Harry Hyde, Dale Inman, Bud Moore among others. Carl Adams would retire from NASCAR after this race along with Jim Boyd, Don Hall and John Martin.


1975 Los Angeles Times 500, Race report
Richard Petty had already clinched his sixth NASCAR championship; defeating Dave Marcis in the standings by more than 700 points.


1975 Los Angeles Times 500, Finishing order
† signifies that the driver is known to be deceased * Driver failed to finish race


1975 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team
The 1975 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Louisiana Tech University as a member of the Southland Conference during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. In their ninth year under head coach Maxie Lambright, the team compiled an 8–2 record.


1975 Louisiana gubernatorial election
The 1975 Louisiana gubernatorial election resulted in the re-election of Edwin Edwards to his second term as governor of Louisiana. This was the last time that a Democrat was re-elected to a second consecutive term as governor of Louisiana until 2019, 44 years later, when John Bel Edwards won re-election.


1975 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Background
Elections in Louisiana—with the exception of U.S. presidential elections—follow a variation of the open primary system. Candidates of any and all parties are listed on one ballot; voters need not limit themselves to the candidates of one party. Unless one candidate takes more than 50% of the vote in the first round, a run-off election is then held between the top two candidates, who may in fact be members of the same party. In this election – the first gubernatorial election held under the state's new open primary law – the first round of voting was held on November 1, 1975.


1975 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Background
Although no runoff was needed, because of the way the new election law was written, an unopposed runoff was held on December 13. Edwards received 430,095 votes in it, according to figures recorded by the Louisiana Secretary of State's office. The Republicans did not field a candidate for the election. The law was later rewritten to where the unopposed runoff was not required if a candidate won an outright majority in the primary. This happened in the 1983 election, when Edwards won a third non-consecutive term over Republican incumbent David C. Treen.


1975 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Sources
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1975 Louisville Cardinals football team
The 1975 Louisville Cardinals football team was an American football team that represented the University of Louisville as an independent during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. In their first season under head coach Vince Gibson, the Cardinals compiled a 1–10 record and were outscored by a total of 316 to 148.


1975 Louisville Cardinals football team
The team's statistical leaders included John Darling with 946 passing yards, Walter Peacock with 1,013 rushing yards and 36 points scored, and Tony Smith with 382 receiving yards.


1975 Louisville Open
The 1975 Louisville Open, also known as the First National Tennis Classic, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Louisville Tennis Center in Louisville, Kentucky, USA. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 28 July through 5 August 1975. The tournament was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit and categorized in Group AA. The singles final was delayed by one day due to rain and was won by defending champion Guillermo Vilas who received the $16,000 first prize money. The doubles final was not played due to rain and the prize money was shared.


1975 Louisville Open, Finals, doubles
Wojciech Fibak /  Guillermo Vilas and  Anand Amritraj /  Vijay Amritraj not played


1975 Macdonald Brier
The 1975 Macdonald Brier was held in Fredericton, New Brunswick at the Lady Beaverbrook Rink. The total attendance for the week was 20,672. This Brier would see the first appearance for the Yukon/Northwest Territories at the Brier and that region's best-ever result. At this time, there were no playoffs in the Brier.


1975 Macdonald Lassies Championship
The 1975 Canadian Ladies Curling Championship, known as the Macdonald Lassie for sponsorship reasons, Canada's national women's curling championship was held February 23-28, 1975 at the Moncton Coliseum in Moncton, New Brunswick.


1975 Macdonald Lassies Championship
Lee Tobin's Montreal-area rink won Quebec's first (and to date only) Canadian women's championship title, after defeating Saskatchewan's Marj Mitchell in a playoff after finishing the round robin with identical records. It was only the second time a team from Eastern Canada had won up to that point.


1975 Macdonald Lassies Championship, Teams
Medicine Hat CC Skip: Sharon GriggThird: Betty BoothSecond: Gail FrandsenLead: Karen Love


1975 Macdonald Lassies Championship, Teams
Skip : Joan Mogk Third: Jean MoffattSecond: Betty DevineLead: Karen Anderson


1975 Macdonald Lassies Championship, Teams
Skip : Gail Hiscock Third: Elsie MaySecond: Ruby HenryLead: Ruth Carter


1975 Macdonald Lassies Championship, Teams
Skip : Phyliss MacDonaldThird: Jo SutherlandSecond: Joan Renouf Lead: Alice Shakespere


1975 Madrid Tennis Grand Prix
The 1975 Madrid Tennis Grand Prix, also known as the Trofeo Meliá, was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Real Sociedad Hípica Española Club de Campo in Madrid, Spain. The men's tournament was classified as Group A category and was part of the 1975 Grand Prix circuit. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 6 October through 12 October 1975. Jan Kodeš and Heidi Eisterlehner won the singles titles.


1975 Madrid Tennis Grand Prix, Finals, Men's Singles
Jan Kodeš defeated  Adriano Panatta 5–7, 2–6, 7–6, 6–2, 6–3


1975 Madrid Tennis Grand Prix, Finals, Men's Doubles
Jan Kodeš /  Ilie Năstase defeated  Juan Gisbert /  Manuel Orantes 7–6, 4–6, 9–7


1975 Maghreb Athletics Championships
The 1975 Maghreb Athletics Championships was the seventh edition of the international athletics competition between the countries of the Maghreb. Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco were the competing nations. Organised by the Union des Fédérations d'Athlétisme du Maghreb Uni (Union of Athletics Federations of the United Maghreb), it took place in Tunis, Tunisia. A total of 37 athletics events were contested, 22 for men and 15 for women.


1975 Maghreb Athletics Championships
The tournament was closely contested between the three international teams, as Morocco narrowly won with thirteen gold medals to Algeria and Tunisia's twelve each. It was the second time that the Tunisian capital had hosted the tournament, becoming the first city to hold the event on multiple occasions. Track events were only officially timed to the tenth of a second. It was the final time that the women's pentathlon was held at the competition. A women's 3000 metres featured on the programme, which was the first time a long-distance event had been held for female athletes at the championships. The 1975 edition marked the last in the first regular series of Maghreb Championships, as the competition did not return until six years later and never again had a regular schedule.


1975 Maine Black Bears football team
The 1975 Maine Black Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of Maine as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1975 NCAA Division II football season. In its ninth season under head coach Walter Abbott, the team compiled a 4–6 record (1–4 against conference opponents) and tied for last place in the Yankee Conference. Alfred Royer was the team captain.


1975 Majestic International
The 1975 Majestic International, also known as the Denver Women's Open,  was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Denver Auditorium Arena  in Denver, Colorado in the United States. The event was part of the USTA–WTA Summer/Fall Circuit of the 1975 WTA Tour. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from September 22 through September 28, 1975. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $10,000 first-prize money.


1975 Majestic International, Finals, Doubles
Françoise Dürr /  Betty Stöve defeated  Rosemary Casals /  Martina Navratilova 3–6, 6–1, 7–6


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 46th midseason exhibition between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and the National League (NL), the two leagues comprising Major League Baseball. The game was played on July 15, 1975, at Milwaukee County Stadium in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, home of the Milwaukee Brewers of the American League. The game resulted in a 6–3 victory for the NL.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
While this was the first time that the Brewers were acting as hosts of the All-Star Game, this was not the first time the game had been played at Milwaukee County Stadium. The 1955 game had been played there when the Braves had called Milwaukee home. Thus, Milwaukee County Stadium joined Sportsman's Park in St. Louis and Shibe Park in Philadelphia as the only stadiums to host All-Star Games with two different franchises as host.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
This would also be the last time Milwaukee County Stadium would host the game. When the game returned to Milwaukee in 2002, the Brewers had moved into their new home at Miller Park.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 1975 All-Star Game saw the start of the tradition of naming honorary captains to the All-Star teams. The first honorary captains were Mickey Mantle (for the AL) and Stan Musial (for the NL).


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
It would also mark the final All-Star Game in which only "The Star-Spangled Banner", sung this year by Glen Campbell, was performed prior to the game. Beginning the following year, "O Canada" would also be performed as part of the All-Star pregame ceremonies.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, National League roster
The National League roster included 8 future Hall of Fame players, denoted in italics.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, American League roster
The American League roster included 9 future Hall of Fame players, denoted in italics.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Starting lineups
While the starters were elected by the fans, the batting orders and starting pitchers were selected by the managers.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Scoring summary
The National League took a 2–0 lead in the top of the second off of AL starter Vida Blue when Steve Garvey and Jimmy Wynn led off the inning by hitting back-to-back home runs.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Scoring summary
The NL added another run in the top of the third, this time off of new AL relief pitcher Steve Busby. Lou Brock opened the inning with a single. With Joe Morgan batting, Busby balked, sending Brock to second base. After Morgan flew out, Johnny Bench came to bat, during which, Brock stole third base. Bench singled, scoring Brock from third base to give the NL a 3–0 lead.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Scoring summary
The AL did not respond until the bottom of the sixth inning. Tom Seaver had just entered the game as the NL's relief pitcher. Joe Rudi led off with a single, and was immediately replaced for pinch runner George Hendrick. With Graig Nettles batting, Hendrick stole second base. After Nettles struck out, Gene Tenace walked. Carl Yastrzemski pinch hit for Jim Kaat, and hit a home run, scoring Hendrick and Tenace to tie the score.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Scoring summary
AL pitcher Catfish Hunter was entering his third inning of relief work when the NL closed out the scoring in the top of the ninth. Reggie Smith singled. Al Oliver, pinch hitting for Jon Matlack, doubled, sending Smith to third base. Catfish Hunter was replaced by relief pitcher Goose Gossage. The next batter, Larry Bowa, was hit by a pitch, and went to first base, loading the bases. Bill Madlock singled, scoring Smith and Oliver, sending Bowa to third base, and advancing himself to second base on a Gene Tenace throwing error. Pete Rose hit a sacrifice fly, scoring Bowa, sending Madlock to third base, and securing a 6–3 win for the National League.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Game notes and records
Jon Matlack was credited with the win. Catfish Hunter was charged with the loss.


1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Game notes and records
This was Hank Aaron's 25th and final All-Star Game. It was his first and only appearance for the American League squad, and came in the former home of the Milwaukee Braves, the first Major League team for which he had played.


1975 Major League Baseball draft, First round selections
The following are the first round picks in the 1975 Major League Baseball draft. Many baseball draft experts consider the 1975 draft to be the weakest in MLB history.


1975 Major League Baseball season
The 1975 Major League Baseball season saw Frank Robinson become the first black manager in the Major Leagues. He managed the Cleveland Indians.


1975 Major League Baseball season
At the All-Star Break, there were discussions of Bowie Kuhn's reappointment. Charlie Finley, New York owner George Steinbrenner and Baltimore owner Jerry Hoffberger were part of a group that wanted him gone. Finley was trying to convince the new owner of the Texas Rangers Brad Corbett that MLB needed a more dynamic commissioner. During the vote, Baltimore and New York decided to vote in favour of the commissioner's reappointment. In addition, there were discussions of expansion for 1977, with Seattle and Washington, D.C. as the proposed cities for expansion.


1975 Malagasy constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Madagascar on 21 December 1975. The new constitution created a presidential republic, with the president serving seven-year terms and incumbent President Didier Ratsiraka was to serve the first term without being elected. It also created a High Revolutionary Council to create a "socialist revolution" and a military committee to oversee socio-economic development. Madagascar was transformed into the Democratic Republic of Madagascar. All political parties with the exception of those "loyal to the socialist revolution" were to be banned, and those that were allowed to exist would have to be affiliated with the National Front for the Defense of the Revolution, which was led by Ratsiraka's AREMA party.


1975 Malagasy constitutional referendum
The constitution was approved by 95.57% of voters with a 92% voter turnout.


1975 Manchester City Council election
Elections to Manchester Council were held on Thursday, 1 May 1975. One third of the council was up for election, with each successful candidate to serve a four-year term of office, expiring in 1979. These were the first Borough elections to be held in Manchester since it received its new Royal Charter (and effectively took over from its predecessor Corporation) in 1974. The Labour Party retained overall control of the Council.


1975 Manchester City Council election, Election result
After the election, the composition of the council was as follows:


1975 Marche regional election
The Marche regional election of 1975 took place on 15 June 1975.


1975 Marche regional election, Events
The Italian Communist Party was the largest party, narrowly ahead of Christian Democracy. However, for a trick of the electoral law, it obtained less seats. So, after the election, Christian Democrat Adriano Ciaffi formed a government including also the Italian Socialist Party, the Italian Democratic Socialist Party and the Italian Republican Party (organic Centre-left). Emidio Massi took over from Ciaffi in 1978.


1975 Marshall Thundering Herd football team
The 1975 Marshall Thundering Herd football team was an American football team that represented Marshall University as an independent during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. In its first season under head coach Frank Ellwood, the team compiled a 2–9 record and was outscored by a total of 291 to 110. Mark Brookover, Steve Morton, and Jesse Smith were the team captains. The team played its home games at Fairfield Stadium in Huntington, West Virginia.


1975 Maryland Terrapins football team
The 1975 Maryland Terrapins football team represented University of Maryland in the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. The Terrapins offense scored 312 points while the defense allowed 150 points. Led by head coach Jerry Claiborne, the Terrapins appeared in the Gator Bowl, where they defeated Florida.


1975 Maryland Terrapins football team, 1976 NFL Draft
The following players were selected in the 1976 NFL Draft.


1975 Masters (snooker)
The 1975 Benson & Hedges Masters was the first of the non-ranking snooker tournament at which many of the World's top players competed. It was held from Monday 13th to Friday 17 January 1975 at the West Centre Hotel in London. Ten players were invited for the event.


1975 Masters (snooker)
John Spencer won the inaugural event by defeating Ray Reardon 9–8 on the re-spotted black in the final frame. The highest break of the tournament was 92 made by Spencer in the first frame of the final.


1975 Masters Tournament
The 1975 Masters Tournament was the 39th Masters Tournament, held April 10–13 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.


1975 Masters Tournament
Jack Nicklaus won his fifth Masters and thirteenth major title, one stroke ahead of runners-up Johnny Miller and Tom Weiskopf. At age 40, Lee Elder became the first African-American to compete at the tournament, but missed the cut by four strokes.


1975 Masters Tournament
The 1975 Masters is widely considered to be one of the greatest majors ever, with three great players at the peak of their games dueling in a thrilling Sunday finish.


1975 Masters Tournament
Had a playoff been required, it would have been a full 18-hole round on Monday. Prior to the next Masters in 1976, a sudden-death format was introduced and was first used in 1979.


1975 Masters Tournament
Nicklaus won his sixth green jacket eleven years later in 1986 at age 46.


1975 Masters Tournament, Field
Tommy Aaron (12), George Archer, Gay Brewer (12), Billy Casper (12), Charles Coody, Doug Ford, Bob Goalby (8), Jack Nicklaus (3,4,8,9,10,11,12), Arnold Palmer (8,9,12), Gary Player (3,4,8,9,10,11), Sam Snead (8,10), Art Wall Jr.


1975 Masters Tournament, Field
John Grace (a), Gary Koch (7,a), Jerry Pate (6,7,a), Curtis Strange (7,a)


1975 Masters Tournament, Field
Buddy Allin (9,11), Miller Barber (11), Frank Beard (9), Jim Colbert (9,11), Ben Crenshaw, Raymond Floyd (9), Hubert Green (10,11), Jerry Heard, Dave Hill (10,11,12), Ralph Johnston, Bobby Nichols (11), Phil Rodgers, Chi-Chi Rodríguez (12), Dan Sikes


1975 Masters Tournament, Field
Forrest Fezler (11), Lou Graham (12), Tom Kite, John Mahaffey, Mike Reasor, Tom Watson (11), Bert Yancey, Larry Ziegler (11)


1975 Masters Tournament, Field
Rod Curl, Terry Diehl, Lee Elder, Pat Fitzsimons, Gary Groh, Richie Karl, Gene Littler, Mac McLendon, Bob Menne, Allen Miller, Bob Murphy, J. C. Snead (12), Ed Sneed


1975 Masters Tournament, Field
Isao Aoki, Hugh Baiocchi, Maurice Bembridge (8), Bob Charles, Bobby Cole (10), Bruce Crampton (8), Roberto De Vicenzo, Bruce Devlin, Dale Hayes, Tony Jacklin (2), Lu Liang-Huan, Graham Marsh, Peter Oosterhuis, Masashi Ozaki, Victor Regalado (11)


1975 Masters Tournament, Round summaries, Second round
Snead, age 62, was one-over-par after 27 holes when he withdrew due to a back injury.


1975 Masters Tournament, Round summaries, Third round
Nicklaus entered the weekend with a five-shot lead but struggled with a one-over 73 in the final pairing with Arnold Palmer. Weiskopf carded a 66 (–6) to take a one-stroke lead and Miller a 65 to climb into solo third. Nicklaus three-putted four times on Saturday and was three-over-par on the last four holes to lose the lead.


1975 Masters Tournament, Round summaries, Final round, Summary
Although Nicklaus was in solo second after 54 holes, he played with Tom Watson in the penultimate pairing, followed by Miller and leader Weiskopf. Nicklaus was three-under for the round and led Weiskopf by a stroke at the 14th tee, but he bogeyed while Weiskopf birdied for a two-shot swing and a lead change. On the par-3 16th hole, Nicklaus listened on the green as both Weiskopf and Miller birdied on the 15th green, as he had done. Nicklaus then sank a 40-foot (12 m) birdie putt, while Weiskopf and Miller watched from the 16th tee. Weiskopf left his tee shot 80 feet (24 m) short and bogeyed, while Miller made par and birdied 17.


1975 Masters Tournament, Round summaries, Final round, Summary
Both were a stroke behind with makeable birdie putts on the 72nd green to tie Nicklaus, who had just missed his 12-foot (3.7 m) birdie attempt. Miller missed left and low from 18 feet (5.5 m) while Weiskopf's eight-footer (2.4 m) missed right.


1975 Mauritanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Mauritania on 26 October 1975. The country was a one-party state with the Mauritanian People's Party (PPM) as the sole legal party. It therefore won all 70 seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was 87.4%.


1975 Mauritian student protests
The 1975 Mauritian student protest riots refer to a students' protest marches which turned violent in various parts of the island of Mauritius, Indian Ocean on Tuesday 20 May 1975.