1970 Pacific typhoon season, Storm names, Philippines
The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1974 season. This is the same list used for the 1966 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in gray.


1970 Pacific typhoon season, Storm names, Retirement
Due to an extreme impact in the Philippines, PAGASA later retired the names Pitang, Sening, Titang, and Yoling and replaced by Pasing, Susang, Tering, and Yaning for the 1974 season. This season has the most retired names by PAGASA at that time.


1970 Pacific typhoon season, Season effects
This table will list all the storms that developed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line and north of the equator during 1970. It will include their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, deaths, missing persons (in parentheses), and damage totals. Classification and intensity values will be based on estimations conducted by the JMA, however due to lack of information around this time sustained winds were recorded by the JTWC. All damage figures will be in 1970 USD. Damages and deaths from a storm will include when the storm was a precursor wave or an extratropical low.


1970 Pakistani general election
General elections were held in Pakistan on 7 December 1970 to elect members of the National Assembly. They were the first general elections since the independence of Pakistan and ultimately the only ones held prior to the independence of Bangladesh. Voting took place in 300 general constituencies, of which 162 were in East Pakistan and 138 in West Pakistan. A further thirteen seats were reserved for women (seven of which were in East Pakistan and six of which were in West Pakistan), who were to be elected by members of the National Assembly.


1970 Pakistani general election
The elections were a fierce contest between two social democratic parties, the west-based Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and the east-based Awami League. The Awami League was the sole major party in the east wing, while in the west wing, the PPP faced severe competition from the conservative factions of Muslim League, the largest of which was Muslim League (Qayyum), as well as Islamist parties like Jamaat-e-Islami (JI), Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI) and Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (JUP).


1970 Pakistani general election
The result was a victory for the Awami League, which gained an absolute majority, winning 160 of the 162 general seats and all seven women's seats in East Pakistan. The PPP won only 81 general seats and five women's seats, all in West Pakistan. In the provincial elections held ten days later, the Awami League again dominated in East Pakistan, while the PPP were the winning party in Punjab and Sindh. The Marxist National Awami Party emerged victorious in Northwest Frontier Province and Balochistan.


1970 Pakistani general election
The National Assembly was initially not inaugurated as President Yahya Khan and the PPP chairman Zulfikar Ali Bhutto did not want a party from East Pakistan in federal government. Instead, Yahya appointed the veteran Bengali politician Nurul Amin as Prime Minister, asking him to reach a compromise between the PPP and Awami League. However, this move failed as the delay in inauguration had already caused significant unrest in East Pakistan. The situation escalated into a civil war that led to the formation of the independent state of Bangladesh. The Assembly was eventually inaugurated in 1972 after Yahya resigned and handed power to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Bhutto became Prime Minister in 1973 after the post was recreated by a new constitution.


1970 Pakistani general election, Background
On 23 March 1956, Pakistan changed from being a Dominion of the British Commonwealth and became an Islamic republic after framing its own constitution. Although the first general elections were scheduled for early 1959, severe political instability led President Iskander Mirza to abrogate the constitution on 7 October 1958. Mirza imposed martial law and handed power to the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, General Muhammad Ayub Khan. After assuming presidency, President Ayub Khan promoted himself to the rank of Field marshal and appointed General Muhammad Musa Khan as the new Commander-in-Chief.


1970 Pakistani general election, Background
On 17 February 1960, President Ayub Khan appointed a commission under Muhammad Shahabuddin, the Chief Justice of Pakistan, to report a political framework for the country. The commission submitted its report on 29 April 1961, and on the basis of this report, a new constitution was framed on 1 March 1962. The new constitution, declaring the country as Republic of Pakistan, brought about a presidential system of government, as opposed to the parliamentary system of government under the 1956 Constitution.


1970 Pakistani general election, Background
The electoral system was made indirect, and the "basic democrats" were declared electoral college for the purpose of electing members of the National and Provincial Assemblies. Under the new system, presidential election were held on 2 January 1965 which resulted in a victory for Ayub Khan. As years went by, political opposition against President Ayub Khan mounted. In East Pakistan, leader of the Awami League, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, was one of the key leaders to rally opposition to President Ayub Khan. In 1966, he began the Six point movement for East Pakistani autonomy.


1970 Pakistani general election, Background
In 1968, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was charged with sedition after the government of President Ayub Khan accused him for conspiring with India against the stability of Pakistan. While a conspiracy between Mujib and India for East Pakistan's secession was not itself conclusively proven, it is known that Mujib and the Awami League had held secret meetings with Indian government officials in 1962 and after the 1965 war. This case led to an uprising in East Pakistan which consisted of a series of mass demonstrations and sporadic conflicts between the government forces and protesters. In West Pakistan, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who served as foreign minister under President Ayub Khan, resigned from his office and founded the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in 1967. The socialist political party took up opposition to President Ayub Khan as well.


1970 Pakistani general election, Background
Ayub Khan succumbed to political pressure on 26 March 1969 and handed power to the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan. President Yahya Khan imposed martial law and the 1962 Constitution was abrogated. On 31 March 1970, President Yahya Khan announced a Legal Framework Order (LFO) which called for direct elections for a unicameral legislature. Many in the West feared the East wing's demand for countrywide provincial autonomy. The purpose of the LFO was to secure the future Constitution which would be written after the election so that it would include safeguards such as preserving Pakistan's territorial integrity and Islamic ideology.


1970 Pakistani general election, Background
The integrated province of West Pakistan, which was formed on 22 November 1954, was abolished and four provinces were retrieved: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and the North-West Frontier Province. The principles of representation was made on the basis of population, and since East Pakistan had more population than the combined population of the four provinces of West Pakistan, the former got more than half seats in the National Assembly. Yahya Khan ignored reports that Sheikh Mujib planned to disregard the LFO and that India was increasingly interfering in East Pakistan. Nor did he believe that the Awami League would actually sweep the elections in East Pakistan.


1970 Pakistani general election, Background
A month before the election, the Bhola cyclone struck East Pakistan. This was the deadliest tropical cyclone in world history, killing on the order of 500,000 people. The Pakistan government was severely criticised for its response.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates
The general elections of 1970 are considered one of the fairest and cleanest elections in the history of Pakistan, with about twenty-four political parties taking part. The general elections presented a picture of a Two-party system, with the Awami League, a Bengali nationalist party, competing against the extremely influential and widely popular Pakistan Peoples Party, a leftist and democratic socialist party which had been a major power-broker in West Pakistan. The Pakistani government supported the pro-Islamic parties since they were committed to strong federalism. The Jamaat-e-Islami suspected that the Awami League had secessionist intentions.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Election campaign in East Pakistan
The continuous public meetings of the Awami League in East Pakistan and the Pakistan Peoples Party in Western Pakistan attracted huge crowds. The Awami League, a Bengali nationalist party, mobilised support in East Pakistan on the basis of its Six-Points Program (SPP), which was the main attraction in the party's manifesto. In East Pakistan, a huge majority of the Bengali nation favoured the Awami League, under Sheikh Mujib. The party received a huge percentage of the popular vote in East Pakistan and emerged as the largest party in the nation as a whole, gaining the exclusive mandate of Pakistan in terms both of seats and of votes.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Election campaign in East Pakistan
The Pakistan Peoples Party failed to win any seats in East Pakistan. On the other hand, the Awami League had failed to gather any seats in West Pakistan. The Awami League's failure to win any seats in the west was used by the leftists led by Zulfikar Bhutto who argued that Mujib had received "no mandate or support from West Pakistan" (ignoring the fact that he himself did not win any seat in East Pakistan).


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Election campaign in East Pakistan
The then leaders of Pakistan, all from West Pakistan and PPP leaders, strongly opposed the idea of an East Pakistani-led government. Many in Pakistan predicted that the Awami League-controlled government would oversee the passage of a new constitution with a simple majority. Bhutto uttered his infamous phrase "idhar hum, udhar tum" (We rule here, you rule there) – thus dividing Pakistan for the first time orally.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Election campaign in East Pakistan
The same attitudes and emotions were also felt in East Pakistan whereas East-Pakistanis absorbed the feeling and reached to the conclusion that Pakistan had been benefited with economic opportunities, investments, and social growth would swiftly depose any East Pakistanis from obtaining those opportunities.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Election campaign in East Pakistan
Some Bengalis sided with the Pakistan Peoples' Party and tacitly or openly supported Bhutto and the democratic socialists, such as Jalaludin Abdur Rahim, an influential Bengali in Pakistan and mentor of Bhutto, who was later jailed by Bhutto. Jamat-e-Islami, while supporting allowing the Awami League to form a government, was also against the fragmentation of the country.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Election campaign in East Pakistan
Conversely, several prominent figures from West Pakistan supported allowing the Awami League to rule, including the poet Faiz Ahmad Faiz and rights activist Malik Ghulam Jilani, father of Asma Jahangir, G.M Syed the founder of Sindhi nationalist party Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz (JSQM) and Abul Ala Maududi, the leader of Jamat-e-Islami.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Elections in West Pakistan
However, the political position in West Pakistan was completely different from East Pakistan. In West Pakistan, the population was divided between different ideological forces. The right-wing parties, led under Abul Maududi, raised the religious slogans and initially campaigned on an Islamic platform, further promising to enforce Sharia laws in the country. Meanwhile, the founding party of Pakistan and the national conservative Muslim League, that although was divided into three factions (QML, CML, MLC), campaigned on a nationalist platform, promising to initiate the Jinnah reforms as originally envisioned by Jinnah and others in the 1940s. The factions however criticised each other for disobeying the rules laid down by the country's founding father.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Elections in West Pakistan
The dynamic leadership and charismatic personality of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was highly active and influential in West Pakistan during these days. Bhutto's ideas and the famous slogan "Roti Kapra Aur Makaan" ("Food, Clothing and Shelter") attracted poor communities, students, and the working class to his party. Under Bhutto's leadership the democratic left gathered and united into one party platform for the first time in Pakistan's history. Bhutto and the left-leaning elements attracted the people of the West to participate and vote for the Peoples Party based on a broad hope for a better future for their children and families. As compared to the right-wing and conservatives in West Pakistan, Bhutto and his allies won most of the popular vote, becoming the pre-eminent players in the politics of the West.


1970 Pakistani general election, Parties and candidates, Nominations
A total of 1,957 candidates filed nomination papers for 300 National Assembly seats. After scrutiny and withdrawals, 1,579 eventually contested the elections. The Awami League ran 170 candidates, of which 162 were for constituencies in East Pakistan. Jamaat-e-Islami had the second-highest number of candidates with 151. The Pakistan Peoples Party ran only 120 candidates, of which 103 were from constituencies in Punjab and Sindh, and none in East Pakistan. The PML (Convention) ran 124 candidates, the PML (Council) 119 and the PML (Qayyum) 133.


1970 Pakistani general election, Results
The government claimed a high level of public participation and a voter turnout of almost 63%. The total number of registered voters in the country was 56,941,500 of which 31,211,220 were from East Pakistan and 25,730,280 were from West Pakistan.


1970 Pakistani general election, Aftermath
The elected Assembly initially did not meet as President Yahya Khan and the Pakistan Peoples Party did not want the majority party from East Pakistan forming government. This caused great unrest in East Pakistan which soon escalated into the call for independence on March 26, 1971 and ultimately led to war of independence with East Pakistan becoming the independent state of Bangladesh. The Assembly session was eventually held when Khan resigned four days after Pakistan surrendered in Bangladesh and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto took over. Bhutto became the Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1973, after the post was recreated by the new Constitution.


1970 Pakistani provincial elections
Provincial elections were held in Pakistan on 17 December 1970, ten days after general elections. Members of the five Provincial assemblies were elected in Balochistan, East Pakistan, North West Frontier Province, Punjab and Sindh.


1970 Palanca Awards
The Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature winners in the year 1970 (rank, title of winning entry, name of author).


1970 Paris Open
The 1970 Paris Open Indoor Championships was a men's Grand Prix tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 2nd edition of the Paris Open (later known as the Paris Masters). It took place at the Palais omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France and ran from 9 November through 15 November 1970.


1970 Paris Open, Finals, Doubles
Pancho Gonzales /  Ken Rosewall defeated  Tom Okker /  Marty Riessen 6–4, 7–6, 7–6


1970 Paris Open – Singles, Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated.


1970 Paris–Nice
The 1970 Paris–Nice was the 28th edition of the Paris–Nice cycle race and was held from 8 March to 16 March 1970. The race started in Paris and finished in Nice. The race was won by Eddy Merckx of the Faemino–Faema team.


1970 Paris–Roubaix
The 1970 Paris–Roubaix was the 68th edition of the Paris–Roubaix cycle race and was held on 12 April 1970. The race started in Compiègne and finished in Roubaix. The race was won by Eddy Merckx of the Faemino–Faema team.


1970 Paris–Tours
The 1970 Paris–Tours was the 64th edition of the Paris–Tours cycle race and was held on 2 October 1970. The race started in Paris and finished in Tours. The race was won by Jürgen Tschan of the Peugeot team.


1970 Pau Grand Prix
The 1970 Pau Grand Prix was a Formula Two motor race held on 5 April 1970 at the Pau circuit, in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France. The Grand Prix was won by Jochen Rindt, driving the Lotus 69. Henri Pescarolo finished second and Tim Schenken third.


1970 Peach Bowl
The 1970 Peach Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Arizona State Sun Devils and the North Carolina Tar Heels.


1970 Peach Bowl, Background
The Sun Devils were champions of the Western Athletic Conference once again and were aiming for a perfect season. The Tar Heels finished tied for second in the Atlantic Coast Conference. Arizona State was invited after Penn State declined. A blizzard developed before gametime, with rain, sleet, and snow coming out in all throughout the game.


1970 Peach Bowl, Game summary
Bob Thomas helped the Sun Devils jump out to a 14–0 lead before the Tar Heels responded in the second quarter with a Don McCauley touchdown run. J. D. Hill caught a touchdown pass from Joe Spagnola to make it 21–7 before the Tar heels exploded for 19 points before the quarter ended. McCauley ran for two touchdowns along with teammate Blanchard to give the Heels a 26–21 halftime lead.


1970 Peach Bowl, Game summary
But the second half is where the Sun Devils took control, scoring 27 unanswered points on two touchdown runs by both Monroe Eley and touchdown runs by Thomas and Steve Holden to give the Sun Devils their first ever bowl win. Eley rushed for 173 yards to earn co-MVP honors while Junior Ah You earned co-MVP honors for knocking out quarterback Paul Miller.


1970 Peach Bowl, Aftermath
The Tar Heels would win three conference titles before Dooley left after the 1977 season. They have returned to this bowl four times since this game, the last time in 2001. The Sun Devils finished ranked #6 in the polls. They would win five more conference titles before Kush's ouster in 1979. The Sun Devils have not returned to this game since. This was the final Peach Bowl played at Grant Field as it would move to Atlanta Stadium the following year.


1970 Penn Quakers football team
The 1970 Penn Quakers football team represented the University of Pennsylvania in the 1970 NCAA University Division football season.


1970 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The 1970 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented the Pennsylvania State University in the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. The team was led by fifth-year head coach Joe Paterno and played its home games in Beaver Stadium in University Park, Pennsylvania.


1970 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The Nittany Lions entered the season with a 22-game winning streak, unbeaten (29–0–1) in their last thirty games. By mid-season, they had dropped three (including one at home), then won the last five to finish at 7–3 and climbed to No. 18 in the final AP poll.


1970 Penn State Nittany Lions football team, Roster
Notable players included senior linebacker Jack Ham and junior running backs Lydell Mitchell and Franco Harris.


1970 Penn State Nittany Lions football team, Post season
After three consecutive bowl appearances, Penn State stayed home this year, but went to a bowl in each of the next thirteen seasons.


1970 Penn State Nittany Lions football team, Post season, NFL Draft
Four Nittany Lions were selected in the 1971 NFL Draft.


1970 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election
The 1970 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election was held on November 3. Democrat Milton Shapp challenged incumbent Republican Lieutenant Governor Ray Broderick.


1970 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, Primary elections, Democratic primary, Campaign
The Democratic campaign was a bruising rematch between 1966 nominee Milton Shapp and Auditor General Bob Casey. As in the prior election, Shapp and Casey proved to be disparate personalities. The liberal and business-oriented Shapp ran an aggressive campaign into which he injected much of his own funding, while the affable Casey ran a relatively conservative campaign and appealed to labor and rural voters.


1970 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, Campaign
Although Pennsylvania's Democratic establishment had not been keen on Shapp during his first run for the executive office, the support of Lieutenant Gubernatorial nominee Ernie Kline, a power broker within the party, caused support to much better coalesce behind Shapp than it had in 1966. Shapp, who is Jewish, also dealt with a lower degree of anti-Semitism during this campaign, as moderate voters were put off by the hateful messages that had been transmitted during the prior election cycle. Broderick's campaign faced an uphill battle, as he was forced to deal with the unpopularity of his boss, Governor Ray Shafer.


1970 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, Campaign
Furthermore, Broderick was portrayed as unrealistic in his promises, as he asserted that he would not raise taxes, despite a massive state deficit. Broderick attempted to present himself as an ally of Richard Nixon and ran on a corresponding law-and-order platform; however, his tough stances often backfired, such as when outrage ensued over a Republican cartoon that depicted Shapp's liberal view as equivalent to the Viet Cong.


1970 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, Campaign
Shapp won victory by a huge margin. His liberalism and local base allowed him to nearly win the suburbs of Philadelphia, a GOP stronghold at the time. Furthermore, he not only performed well in conservative Central Pennsylvania, but even defeated Broderick by a considerable margin in those locales.


1970 Pepsi-Cola Masters
The 1970 Pepsi-Cola Masters was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium in Tokyo in Japan. It was the first edition of the Masters Grand Prix and was held from December 9 through December 15, 1970. The event included a singles and doubles draw, both of which were held in a round robin format. Stan Smith won the first singles title and then partnered Arthur Ashe to the doubles title as well.


1970 Pepsi-Cola Masters
The best six players from the 1970 Grand Prix circuit ranking qualified for the singles event. Cliff Richey, the winner of the Grand Prix ranking, could not participate due to illness. John Newcombe was the first replacement as the number seven ranked but was unable to play which meant that Jan Kodeš, ranked eight, completed the field. Stan Smith won the singles title in the round robin format.


1970 Pepsi-Cola Masters, Champions, Singles
Stan Smith won a round robin competition also featuring  Arthur Ashe,  Željko Franulović,  Jan Kodeš,  Rod Laver and  Ken Rosewall.


1970 Pepsi-Cola Masters, Champions, Doubles
Arthur Ashe /  Stan Smith won a round robin competition against the teams of  Jan Kodeš /  Rod Laver and  Željko Franulović /  Ken Rosewall.


1970 Pepsi-Cola Masters – Doubles, Round robin, Standings
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5) Steering Committee decision.


1970 Pepsi-Cola Masters – Singles
Stan Smith won the round robin by virtue of having defeated runner-up Rod Laver, although both Smith and Laver had achieved the same number of wins.


1970 Pepsi-Cola Masters – Singles, Round robin, Standings
Standings are determined by: 1) Number of wins; 2) Number of matches; 3) In two-players-ties, head-to-head records; 4) In three-players-ties, percentage of sets won, or of games won; 5) Steering Committee decision.


1970 Peru–Ecuador earthquake
The 1970 Peru–Ecuador earthquake occurred on December 9 at 23:34 local time. The epicenter was located in northwestern Peru, between Piura and Tumbes, near the Peru–Ecuador border. This earthquake had a magnitude of Mw 7.1, or Ms 7.1. About 81 people were reported dead in Peru and in Ecuador together. Liquefaction was observed. The maximum Mercalli Intensity reached IX (Violent). Fractures in constructions were reported in the urban area of Talara. This was a shallow earthquake, and it was thought to occur in the plate above the plate boundary.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season
The 1970 Philadelphia Eagles season was their 38th in the league. They failed to improve on their previous output of 4–9–1, winning only three games. The team failed to qualify for the playoffs for the tenth consecutive season.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season
The Eagles did have victories over the playoff-bound Dolphins and the cross-state rival Steelers, as well as a 23–20 victory on Monday Night Football over the Giants, ending New York's six-game winning streak and helping deny Big Blue a playoff berth.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season, Game recaps, Week 2
The game got off to bad start when Chicago Bears kickoff returner Cecil Turner had a 96-yard game opening kickoff return for a touchdown. Mark Moseley would miss the extra point when the Eagles answered with a touchdown of their own later in the 1st quarter meaning that they were not losing the game only from the opening kickoff to the time it took Turner to return it. Three times during the game the Bears would lead the Eagles by one point.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season, Game recaps, Week 8
In week 8 the Eagles marked their first time playing a former AFL team in the regular season by winning 24–17 for their 1st win of the 1970 season. The defense of Philadelphia would force the Miami quarterbacks (Bob Griese 3 and John Stofa 1) to throw 4 interceptions. Miami kick returner Mercury Morris would average over 26 yards on 4 kickoff returns.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season, Game recaps, Week 9
The Eagles did not score an offensive touchdown, but an aggressive defense harassed Atlanta quarterback Bob Berry for most of the game and scored a touchdown of its own when Steve Preece returned a fumble 21 yards after Gary Pettigrew blindsided Harmon Wages on an attempted halfback option pass. Philadelphia had a chance to win the game in the closing seconds, but Mark Moseley blew a chip shot field goal attempt.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season, Game recaps, Week 14
In week 14 the Eagles played the cross state rival Pittsburgh Steelers in the final NFL game at Franklin Field. Frenchy Fuqua had two long runs for touchdowns, one for 72 yards and another for 85 yards, both in the first half. Mark Moseley would miss his 3rd extra point of the year. His 14th field goal of the year, out of 25 attempted, in the 4th quarter gave the Eagles the lead for good.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season, Game recaps, Week 14
He would be cut during the 1971 training camp, play for the Houston Oilers for 13 games over two years, then settle in Washington for 10 years becoming the last straight on kicking style kicker left in the NFL. He won the Most Valuable Player Award during the strike-shortened 1982 season. He is the only placekicker to win the award.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season, Game recaps, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1970 Philadelphia Eagles season, Playoffs
The Eagles failed to make the playoffs for the 1970 season.


1970 Philadelphia Phillies season
The 1970 Philadelphia Phillies season was the 88th season for the franchise in Philadelphia. The Phillies finished in fifth place in the National League East with a record of 73–88, 151⁄2 games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates. The Phillies were playing their final season of home games at Connie Mack Stadium, before moving into their new facility, Veterans Stadium, at the start of the following season.


1970 Philadelphia Phillies season, Regular season
Against the San Francisco Giants on May 2, 1970, Phillies starting catcher Tim McCarver broke his finger on a foul tip by Willie Mays. McCarver was replaced by Mike Ryan. Two batters later, Ryan broke his finger on a slide at home plate by Willie McCovey. Ryan finished the inning but left the game. In June 1970, the series of injuries left the Phillies short a catcher and they activated Doc Edwards, who at the time was their bullpen coach. Edwards responded with two hits in his first game back and then caught a Jim Bunning–Dick Selma two-hitter.


1970 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1970 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1970 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1970 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1970 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1970 Philippine Constitutional Convention election
A constitutional convention was called to change the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines, written to establish the Commonwealth of the Philippines. A special election was held on November 10, 1970 to elect the convention's delegates, which would convene in 1971.


1970 Philippine Constitutional Convention election
Former Philippine President Carlos P. Garcia was sworn in as the President of the Constitutional Convention on June 1, 1971. However, he died thirteen days after taking oath. Former President Diosdado Macapagal replaced Garcia. Sotero H. Laurel served as the President Pro-Tempore of the convention.


1970 Philippine Constitutional Convention election
Other prominent delegates were former Senators Raul Manglapus and Roseller T. Lim. Other delegates would become influential political figures, including Hilario Davide Jr., Marcelo Fernan, Sotero Laurel, Aquilino Pimentel, Jr., Teofisto Guingona, Jr., Raul Roco, Edgardo Angara, Richard Gordon, Margarito Teves and Federico Dela Plana.


1970 Philippine Constitutional Convention election
The work of the Convention was affected by the declaration of martial law in September 1972 by President Ferdinand Marcos. Eventually, on November 29, 1972, the Convention approved the new constitution. It was submitted to a vote in the 1973 constitutional plebiscite. The results of the plebiscite and the legality of the 1973 Constitution was questioned before the Philippine Supreme Court in the Ratification Cases. The constitution was upheld. Marcos would continue to rule as a dictator until being ousted by the People Power Revolution in 1986.


1970 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship
The 1970 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship was the seventh World Match Play Championship. It was played from Thursday 8 to Saturday 10 October on the West Course at Wentworth Club in Surrey, England. Eight players competed in a straight knock-out competition, with each match contested over 36 holes. The champion received £5,750 out of a total prize fund of £18,400. In the final, Jack Nicklaus beat Lee Trevino 2 & 1.


1970 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship
In the first round, two matches finished at the 36th hole. Tony Jacklin won the last two holes to defeat Gary Player while Lee Trevino beat Billy Casper by holing a 6 foot putt after Casper had missed from 8 feet.


1970 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship
Nicklaus was playing in the event for the first time since 1966 when he had a dispute with the referee in the final. After two comfortable wins, he met Lee Trevino in the final. The final was level after 12 holes but Nicklaus won three of the next five holes to go to lunch 3 up. After 27 holes, Nicklaus led by five with both players having birdied the 9th. Trevino then won the 10th, 11th, 13th and 14th to reduce the lead to 1 hole. However Nicklaus eagled the 15th to take a two hole lead again and, although Trevino birdied the 16th, the match ended at the 17th after Trevino had gone out of bounds off the tee.


1970 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship, Prize money
The winner received £5,750 out of a total prize fund of £18,400.


1970 Piedmontese regional election
The Piedmontese regional election of 1970 took place on 7–8 June 1970.


1970 Piedmontese regional election, Events
Christian Democracy was by far the largest party and, after the election, it formed a government along with the Italian Socialist Party, the Unitary Socialist Party and the Italian Republican Party (organic Centre-left). The regional government was led by Edoardo Calleri di Sala until 1973 and then by Gianni Oberto Tarena, both Christian Democrats.


1970 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
The 1970 Pittsburgh Panthers football team represented the University of Pittsburgh in the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. The team compiled a 5–5 record in its second year under head coach Carl DePasqua, their best record since their #4 ranked 9-1 1963 squad. The team's statistical leaders included John Hogan with 801 passing yards and Tony Esposito with 623 rushing yards.


1970 Pittsburgh Pirates season
The 1970 Pittsburgh Pirates season resulted in the team winning their first National League East title with a record of 89–73, five games ahead of the Chicago Cubs. However, they lost the NLCS to the NL West Champion Cincinnati Reds, three games to none.


1970 Pittsburgh Pirates season
The Pirates were managed by Danny Murtaugh and played their home games at Forbes Field during the first part of the year, before moving into the brand new Three Rivers Stadium on July 16. Coinciding with their move, the Pirates became the first major league team to adopt pullover jerseys and sans-a-belt pants for their uniforms, a style copied by a majority of MLB for the next two decades and which the Pirates themselves would wear through the 1990 season.


1970 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Offseason, Three Rivers Stadium
In 1958, the Pirates had sold Forbes Field to the University of Pittsburgh, who wanted the land for expanded graduate facilities. Pitt then leased Forbes back to the Pirates until a new multipurpose stadium could be built. The Steelers opted to play at Pitt Stadium in the meantime. In June 1970, the Pirates played their final game at Forbes Field. It was a doubleheader sweep of the Chicago Cubs and Bill Mazeroski got the final hit at Forbes Field.


1970 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Offseason, Three Rivers Stadium
A site on the North Side had been chosen earlier in the year, but it took until April 25, 1968, to finally break ground. Three Rivers Stadium opened on July 16, 1970, and became the home of the Pirates and the Pittsburgh Steelers.


1970 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Postseason, National League Championship Series
The Cincinnati Reds won the series, three games to none, over the Pirates.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season
The 1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season was the franchise's 38th in the National Football League. They improved from a league-worst 1–13 record the previous year, finishing with a 5–9 record and third place in the newly formed AFC Central. The Steelers began the decade in a new conference and a new stadium with a new quarterback. After nearly 40 years in the NFL they shifted to the AFC, to complete the merger between the NFL and AFL. It was the NFL's weakest division that season, as the Steelers finished three games behind the division-winning Cincinnati Bengals—a team that was only in its third year of existence that season.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
Coach Chuck Noll's reshaping of the squad from the year before continued for 1970.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
Undoubtedly the greatest change that took place was Chuck Noll's trade of the team's lone superstar, Roy Jefferson. Although Jefferson was among the league leaders in receiving in 1968 and 1969, despite playing for the worst team in football with mediocre quarterbacks, he was sent packing after being publicly vocal in criticizing team management. The trade sent Jefferson to Baltimore, where he earned a Super Bowl ring. Years later, Jefferson pinpointed what he had done to get traded.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
"I was [in Baltimore] to make a statement. I wanted to show Pittsburgh they'd made a mistake in getting rid of me. I mean, I wasn't a 'yes' man for coach Chuck Noll. If you cursed me, I cursed you back. I messed over the curfew rules a lot and, in training camp, I'd park my car in the coaches' spaces."


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
Hence, 1970 brought change with Ron Shanklin emerging as a steady receiver for the next few years until John Stallworth and Lynn Swann joined the team in 1974.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
As a result of the NFL-AFL merger being finalized for the 1970 season, three teams from the "old" NFL were moved to the newly formed AFC alongside the former AFL teams. The Steelers agreed to be one of them after their archrivals, the Cleveland Browns, volunteered to join the AFL franchises in the AFC.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
The Browns mainly joined because of the possibility of an intrastate rivalry with the AFL's Cincinnati Bengals (now known as the Battle of Ohio), largely due to the animosity at the time between Browns owner Art Modell and Bengals owner & coach Paul Brown, who was fired from the Browns by Modell after the 1962 season. The Steelers joined the AFC in order to keep the Browns-Steelers rivalry alive on a regular basis, due to the proximity of the cities of Pittsburgh and Cleveland.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
Another change came in the draft. For the first time since 1956, the Steelers owned the number one selection in the draft after winning a coin toss with the Chicago Bears for the top pick, as the two teams had identical 1–13 records in 1969. (The Steelers would have won the tiebreaker under the modern NFL tiebreaker rules anyway, since the Bears' one win was against the Steelers in week 8 of that season.)


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
In the 1970 NFL Draft, only two Hall of Famers were selected in all 17 Rounds and 442 Picks. One being 1st Round, 1st Pick selection Terry Bradshaw, and the second being 3rd Round, 53rd Pick Mel Blount. Bradshaw and Blount, both part of the '70s Steeler Dynasty, were both inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1989. In his 14-year professional career, Bradshaw got off on a bumpy start from 1970–1975. Bradshaw threw a career-high 24 interceptions and only 6 touchdown passes. In wasn't until 1976 when Bradshaw's career had begun to peak. Blount's career was an overall consistent one. In 1975, he intercepted 11 passes for 121 yards.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
In 1966, the NFL agreed on a merger with the rival AFL (American Football League). In 1970, the merger became final, as a result of the merger, the AFC (American Football Conference) featuring all the AFL teams and the NFC (National Football Conference) featuring all the "old" NFL teams. Two teams from the NFL were asked to join the AFL in the AFC, the Baltimore Colts, and the Cleveland Browns (the Browns owner, Art Modell asked the NFL Commissioner, Pete Rozelle if he could join to play the Cincinnati Bengals in the Battle of Ohio).


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
Upon hearing this, Art Rooney (Steelers Owner) asked Rozelle if he could join to keep the Steelers-Browns rivalry alive. So, the Steelers would begin playing in the AFC and would leave the Eagles rivalry and many others they had playing the NFC teams. Also, the Steelers moved into the then state-of-the-art, Three Rivers Stadium and left Pitt Stadium. The new Three Rivers was one of the many "cookie-cutter" stadiums across the league and became an icon to Pittsburgh.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
The opening of Three Rivers ended their relatively brief stay at Pitt Stadium, where they had only been playing on a full-time basis for six years. Before that, the Steelers played most of their home games at Forbes Field, with occasional games being played at Pitt Stadium to take advantage of the larger capacity. The Steelers later returned the favor to the University of Pittsburgh in 2000 when the Pitt Panthers football team moved into Three Rivers for one season as an interim home before Heinz Field was ready in 2001. Pitt would also play their Backyard Brawl games against West Virginia in years Pitt hosted the game during the existence of Three Rivers.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Offseason
WTAE-TV sportscaster Myron Cope joined the Steelers radio network as color commentator for the 1970 season. Cope remained a fixture of the Steelers radio network through the 2004 season and became beloved by fans due to his enthusiasm and catchphrases behind the announcing booth. In 1975, Cope invented the Terrible Towel, originally conceived as a gimmick in the Steelers playoff game against Baltimore and now a staple among Steelers fans.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 1
The Steelers played their first regular season game at the brand new Three Rivers Stadium. Terry Bradshaw made his NFL debut, but struggled, going 4 for 16 for 40 yds. Bradshaw was also sacked for a safety, the first of three straight games in which this would happen. With the loss, the Steelers dropped to 0-1.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 5
With the win, the Steelers improved to 2–3 and split the regular season series with the Oilers.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 6
In the first in what would become many regular and postseason games between these 2 teams, the Steelers would lose the very first game to the Raiders as the team dropped to 2–4.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 7
The Steelers won the very first game between them and the Bengals and the teams' record improved to 3–4.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 10
In their first ever game in Cincinnati, the Steelers would lose it by 27 points as the team dropped to 4–6.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Regular season, Game summaries, Week 11
With the win, the Steelers improved to 5–6 and finished 3–3 in their division.


1970 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Regular season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1970 Polish protests
The 1970 Polish protests (Polish: Grudzień 1970, lit. ' December 1970') occurred in northern Poland during 14–19 December 1970. The protests were sparked by a sudden increase in the prices of food and other everyday items. Strikes were put down by the Polish People's Army and the Citizen's Militia, resulting in at least 44 people killed and more than 1,000 wounded.


1970 Polish protests, Background
In December 1970, the government suddenly announced major increases in the prices of basic foodstuffs, especially dairy products, after bad harvests throughout the  year. The increases proved to be a major shock to ordinary citizens, especially in the larger cities.


1970 Polish protests, Events
Demonstrations against the price increases broke out in the northern Baltic coastal cities of Gdańsk, Gdynia, Elbląg, and Szczecin. The regime was concerned about an emerging wave of sabotage, which may have been inspired by the secret police, who wanted to legitimize a harsh response to the protestors. Another possible reason why the secret police would instigate sabotage and violence would be to precipitate a change in the leadership of the ruling party, by causing violent deaths among the workers and then blaming the party for them. It is known that the secret police had their agents among the striking workers (and recruited more in the aftermath). Actions of the secret police before and after the protests were codenamed akcja "Jesień '70".


1970 Polish protests, Events
Protests started on 14 December. When a party official tried to convince the strikers to return to work, addressing them using loudspeakers on a police car, the strikers took over the police car and used the loudspeakers to announce a general strike, and to call for a manifestation in front of the party building to be held the same day. Fighting against the police started in the afternoon, and widespread fighting and rioting, including arson, continued until late in the evening.


1970 Polish protests, Events
The police started rounding up workers, often random ones who did not participate in protests or rioting, and brutally beating them, commonly using a technique where the detainee was forced to move along a long row of policemen, all of them beating the detainee with their batons.


1970 Polish protests, Events
On 15 December in Gdańsk, strikers set fire (reportedly twice) to the building of the Provincial Committee of the ruling party, which became an iconic moment of the protests. They also took some policemen prisoner, transported them to the shipyard, forced them to change into the workers' work clothing, and then transported them to a police station. Fire consumed the roof of the Provincial Committee's building until the protesters were repelled by a column of twenty OT-62 military armored personnel carriers. At least six people are known to be killed on December 15 in Gdańsk. Two more were shot to death the next morning, at or near the shipyard.


1970 Polish protests, Events
In Gdynia, a neighboring city with its own shipyard, the protests were generally more peaceful than in Gdańsk - until the events of 17 December.


1970 Polish protests, Events
Vice prime minister Stanisław Kociołek, in his televised speech on the evening of 16 December, condemned the protesters but also called for the workers to get back to work. However, on the 16–17 December night, the shipyard in Gdynia was surrounded by the police and the military, including tanks. Responding to the vice PM's appeal proved deadly to some of the workers. In Gdynia, the soldiers had orders to stop workers returning to work and on 17 December fired into the crowd of workers emerging from their trains; at least 11 of them were killed. Then, in other parts of Gdynia, people were shot dead while protesting, bringing the official death toll in Gdynia to 18. The number of the wounded in Gdynia is far from certain but is estimated to be in the hundreds.


1970 Polish protests, Events
The protest movement then spread to other cities, leading to strikes and occupations. The government mobilized 5,000 members of special squads of police and 27,000 soldiers equipped with heavy tanks and machine guns. Overall, more than 1,000 people were wounded and at least 44 killed, and 3,000 arrested, by modern accounts. Only six people were initially reported dead by the government. All who died were buried overnight, with only the closest relatives present or no relatives present at all, in order to avoid spreading the riots.


1970 Polish protests, Resolution
The Party leadership met in Warsaw and decided that a full-scale working-class revolt was inevitable unless drastic steps were taken. With the consent of Leonid Brezhnev in Moscow, Gomułka, Kliszko, and other leaders were forced to resign: if the price rises had been a plot against Gomułka, it succeeded. Since Moscow would not accept Mieczysław Moczar, Edward Gierek was drafted as the new leader. The price increases were reversed, wage increases announced, and sweeping economic and political changes were promised. Gierek went to Gdańsk and met the workers, apologised for the mistakes of the past, promised a political renewal and said that, as a worker himself, he would now govern for the people.


1970 Polish protests, Resolution
Stanisław Kociołek lost the position of vice prime minister. For a short time he remained a member of the Central Committee, but in February 1971 he was reassigned to diplomatic service. That was soon after in January 1971, in a reversal of the previous policy of secrecy, government-controlled media published the list of 44 people who were killed during the protests. Kociołek is vilified in a song related to the events of December 1970, Ballada o Janku Wiśniewskim, as the person responsible for deaths of children and women. When workers were shot dead after listening to his appeal (seemingly being lured into a trap), the blame fell on him.


1970 Polish protests, Impact
Although the aims of the protesters were mostly social and economic rather than political, the riots reinvigorated the dormant political activity of Polish society. Nevertheless, the workers from the coast did not prevent the government from implementing its goal of increased food prices, which was achieved a few weeks later, after the 1971 Łódź strikes.


1970 Polish protests, Impact
The Polish protests elicited broad sympathy and support, both in Western Europe and the Soviet bloc. There were copycat strikes on the Kühlungsborn Pier in East Germany and in Riga; Russian sailors on stranded Soviet ships shared their food with the citizens of Gdansk and Szczecin, while Polish strikers shielded Russian families in Poland from reprisals.


1970 Polish protests, Impact
Monument to the Fallen Shipyard Workers of 1970 in Gdańsk


1970 Polish protests, Impact
Monument to victims of massacres during the 1970 protests in Elbląg


1970 Pot Black
The 1970 Pot Black event was the second edition of Pot Black, a professional invitational snooker tournament which was first broadcast in 1969. The event was recorded in early 1970 at the BBC TV Studios in Gosta Green, Birmingham. The tournament featured eight professional players. All matches were one-frame shoot-outs.


1970 Pot Black
Broadcasts were on BBC2, starting with an introductory programme at 9:45 pm on Monday 23 March 1970. This year, the tournament moved to a round-robin format with two groups of four players, the top two players from each group qualifying for a place in the semi-finals. Alan Weeks took over as presenter, with Ted Lowe remaining as commentator and Sydney Lee as referee.


1970 Pot Black
The two finalists were the same as the previous year but the result was in reverse. John Spencer defeated Ray Reardon 88–27 in the one-frame final which was broadcast on 6 July 1970.


1970 Prague Skate
The 1970 Prague Skate was a senior international figure skating competition held 13–15 November 1970 in Czechoslovakia. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles and ladies' singles. West German national champion Klaus Grimmelt obtained gold in the men's event while the Soviet Union's Vladimir Kovalev, a future Olympic medalist, took the silver medal. Czechoslovakia's Ľudmila Bezáková won the ladies' title in a competition featuring skaters from a dozen countries.


1970 Preakness Stakes
The 1970 Preakness Stakes was the 95th running of the $205,000 Preakness Stakes thoroughbred horse race. The race took place on May 16, 1970, and was televised in the United States on the CBS television network. Personality, who was jockeyed by Eddie Belmonte, won the race by a scant neck over runner-up My Dad George. Approximate post time was 5:42 p.m. Eastern Time. The race was run on a fast track in a final time of 1:56-1/5. The Maryland Jockey Club reported total attendance of 42,474, this is recorded as third highest on the list of American thoroughbred racing top attended events for North America in 1970.


1970 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours
The 1970 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours were officially announced in the London Gazette of 7 August 1970 and marked the June 1970 electoral defeat of the Prime Minister, Harold Wilson.


1970 Primera División de Chile
The 1970 Campeonato Nacional de Futbol Profesional was first tier’s 38th season. Colo-Colo was the tournament's champion, winning its tenth honor after seven years without a title.


1970 Prince Edward Island general election
The 1970 Prince Edward Island general election was held on May 11, 1970.


1970 Prince Edward Island general election
The incumbent Liberal government of Alex Campbell was easily re-elected, gaining a total of 7.9% in the popular vote on the Tories, who dropped by the identical amount, as only the two parties ran any candidates in both the 1970 and 1966 elections.


1970 Prince Edward Island general election
Jean Canfield, the first woman ever elected to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island, was a victorious candidate in 1st Queens in this election.


1970 Prince Edward Island general election, Members elected
The Legislature of Prince Edward Island had two levels of membership from 1893 to 1996 - Assemblymen and Councillors. This was a holdover from when the Island had a bicameral legislature, the General Assembly and the Legislative Council.


1970 Prince Edward Island general election, Members elected
In 1893, the Legislative Council was abolished and had its membership merged with the Assembly, though the two titles remained separate and were elected by different electoral franchises. Assembleymen were elected by all eligible voters of within a district. Before 1963, Councillors were only elected by landowners within a district, but afterward were elected in the same manner as Assemblymen.


1970 Princeton Tigers football team
The 1970 Princeton Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Princeton University during the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. Princeton finished fifth in the Ivy League.


1970 Princeton Tigers football team
In their second year under head coach Jake McCandless, the Tigers compiled a 5–4 record and outscored opponents 196 to 180. Dennis J. Burns was the team captain.


1970 Princeton Tigers football team
Princeton's 3–4 conference record placed fifth in the Ivy League standings. The Tigers were outscored 175 to 130 by Ivy opponents.


1970 Princeton Tigers football team
Princeton played its home games at Palmer Stadium on the university campus in Princeton, New Jersey.


1970 Prize of Moscow News
The 1970 Prize of Moscow News was the fifth edition of an international figure skating competition organized in Moscow, Soviet Union. It was held December 17–20, 1970. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing. Soviets swept the men's podium, with Sergei Chetverukhin defeating Sergey Volkov for the title. Marina Titova took the ladies' title ahead of skaters from East and West Germany. Lyudmila Smirnova / Andrei Suraikin won the pairs title ahead of Olympic champions Ludmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov. Soviets also swept the ice dancing podium, led by World champions Lyudmila Pakhomova / Alexander Gorshkov.


1970 Pro Bowl
The 1970 Pro Bowl was the National Football League's twentieth annual all-star game which featured the outstanding performers from the 1969 season. The game was played on Sunday, January 18, 1970, at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles. The final score was West 16, East 13. Gale Sayers of the Chicago Bears was named the game's offensive Most Valuable Player (MVP) after rushing for 75 yards on nine carries. George Andrie of the Dallas Cowboys was selected as the defensive MVP.


1970 Pro Bowl
Attendance at the game was 57,786. Norm Van Brocklin of the Atlanta Falcons coached the West squad while the East was led by the New Orleans Saints' Tom Fears. This was the last Pro Bowl to feature the Eastern Conference vs. Western Conference format. After the AFL–NFL merger was completed, future Pro Bowls would pit the AFC against the NFC.


1970 Propane vapor cloud explosion in Port Hudson
The 1970 Propane vapor cloud explosion in Port Hudson in Missouri resulted from a propane pipeline break, which led to the formation of a large, dense vapor cloud. Upon ignition, the vapor cloud exploded with tremendous force. Both near- and far-field damage indicate that this explosion may be attributed to the detonation of propane in air with an energy release equivalent to that from about 50 tons of detonating trinitrotoluene (TNT). The violence of the explosion is likely unprecedented.


1970 Propane vapor cloud explosion in Port Hudson
As such, the accident is widely quoted as one of the first, if not the first, confirmed accidental occurrences of an unconfined vapor cloud deflagration that turns into a detonation - a so-called deflagration to detonation transition. The accident represents a "worst-possible" sort of case history for assessment of the hazards of fuel transportation.


1970 Propane vapor cloud explosion in Port Hudson
The accident took place in Port Hudson, Franklin County, Missouri, on December 9, 1970. The pipeline was owned by Phillips Pipeline Company.


1970 Puerto Rican suffrage referendum
A referendum on electoral suffrage was held in Puerto Rico on 1 November 1970. Voters were asked whether the voting age should be lowered from 21 to 18. The reform was approved by 59.2% of voters, with a turnout of just 34.7%.


1970 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1970 Purdue Boilermakers football team represented Purdue University in the 1970 Big Ten Conference football season. This was Purdue's first losing season since 1956.


1970 Quebec general election
The 1970 Quebec general election was held on April 29, 1970, to elect members of the National Assembly of Quebec. The former Legislative Assembly had been renamed the "National Assembly" in 1968. The Quebec Liberal Party, led by Robert Bourassa, defeated the incumbent Union Nationale, led by Premier Jean-Jacques Bertrand.


1970 Quebec general election
This election marked the first appearance by a new party, the sovereigntist Parti Québécois, led by former Liberal cabinet minister René Lévesque. The PQ won a modest seven seats, although Lévesque was defeated in his own riding.


1970 Quebec general election
Only a few months after the election, Quebec faced a severe test with the October Crisis, in which Liberal cabinet minister Pierre Laporte was kidnapped and assassinated by the Front de libération du Québec, a violent pro-independence group.


1970 Quebec general election
The Union Nationale, which had governed Quebec through most of the 1940s and 1950s, would never come close to winning power again. This was partly because a significant number of the Union Nationale's younger supporters had embraced sovereigntism and shifted their support to the PQ.


1970 Quebec general election, Results
Results change is compared to the combined totals of the Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale and Ralliement national from previous election.


1970 Quebec general election, Results
* Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.


1970 Quebec municipal elections
Several municipalities in the Canadian province of Quebec held municipal elections to elect mayors and councillors on October 25, 1970.


1970 Quebec municipal elections
The most closely watched contest was in Montreal, where the election took place against the backdrop of the FLQ Crisis. Incumbent mayor Jean Drapeau was re-elected by a landslide and his party won every seat on the city council.


1970 Queen's Club Championships
The 1970 Queen's Club Championships, also known by its sponsored name Rothmans Open London Grass Court Championships, was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Queen's Club in London in the United Kingdom. It was a non-tour event, i.e. not part of the 1970 Pepsi-Cola Grand Prix or 1970 World Championship Tennis circuit . It was the 71st edition of the tournament and was held from 15 June through 20 June 1970. First-seeded Rod Laver and Margaret Court won the singles titles. In the final Court was 2–6, 0–5 and 0–15 down against Winnie Shaw but recovered by winning 14 of the last 17 games.


1970 Queen's Club Championships, Finals, Men's Doubles
Tom Okker /  Marty Riessen defeated  Arthur Ashe /  Charlie Pasarell 6–4, 6–4


1970 Queen's Club Championships, Finals, Women's Doubles
Rosie Casals /  Billie-Jean King defeated  Karen Krantzcke /  Kerry Melville 6–4, 6–3


1970 Queen's Club Championships, Finals, Mixed Doubles
Winnie Shaw /  Owen Davidson defeated  Evonne Goolagong /  Bob Giltinan 8–6, 13–11


1970 Queen's Club Championships – Men's Doubles
Owen Davidson and Dennis Ralston were the defending champions, but did not participate this year.


1970 Queen's Club Championships – Men's Doubles
Tom Okker and Marty Riessen won the title, defeating Arthur Ashe and Charlie Pasarell 6–4, 6–4 in the final.


1970 Queen's Club Championships – Men's Singles
Fred Stolle was the defending champion, but did not participate this year.


1970 Queen's Club Championships – Men's Singles
Rod Laver won the singles title at the 1970 Queen's Club Championships tennis tournament, defeating countryman John Newcombe 6–4, 6–3 in the final.


1970 RCD Cup
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Cattell91 (talk | contribs) at 00:52, 6 September 2021 (Sentence structure / syntax). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1970 RCD Cup
The RCD Cup 1970 was the fourth edition of the RCD Cup professional football tournament, held in Tehran, Iran in 1970. This was a three-nation tournament played in league format between Iran, Pakistan, and Turkey.


1970 RCD Cup
In this tournament, Turkey did not send their senior national team and was represented by the under-23 team


1970 Race of Champions
The 5th Race of Champions was a non-Championship motor race, run to Formula One rules, held on 22 March 1970 at Brands Hatch circuit in Kent, England. The race was run over 50 laps of the circuit, and was won by Jackie Stewart in a March 701.


1970 Radiant Cup
The 1970 VFL Radiant Night Premiership was the Victorian Football League end of season cup competition played in September of the 1970 VFL Premiership Season. Run as a knock-out tournament, it was contested by the eight VFL teams that failed to make the 1970 VFL finals series. It was the 15th VFL Night Series competition. Games were played at the Lake Oval, Albert Park, then the home ground of South Melbourne, as it was the only ground equipped to host night games. Footscray won its fourth night series cup defeating Melbourne in the final by 2 points.


1970 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1970 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 44th series of the hurling Railway Cup. ree matches were played between 8 February and 17 March 1970. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster.


1970 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
Munster were the winners for the third year in-a-row and for the 32nd occasion overall.


1970 Railway Cup Hurling Championship, Format
Preliminary round: (1 match) This was a single match between Connacht and Ulster, generally regarded as the two 'weakest' teams in the championship. One team was eliminated at this stage while the winning team advanced to the semi-final.


1970 Railway Cup Hurling Championship, Format
Semi-final: (1 match) This was a single match between the winners of the preliminary round and Munster. One team was eliminated at this stage while the winning team advanced to the final.


1970 Railway Cup Hurling Championship, Format
Final: (1 match) This winners of the semi-final and Leinster, who received a bye to this stage, contested this game.


1970 Randwick state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Randwick on 14 February 1970. It was triggered by the resignation of sitting member Lionel Bowen (Labor) to successfully contest the federal seat of Kingsford Smith at the 1969 election.


1970 Rebel 400
The 1970 Rebel 400 was a NASCAR Grand National Series event that was held on May 9, 1970, at Darlington Raceway in Darlington, South Carolina. The race is known for a crash involving Richard Petty that inspired NASCAR to implement the window net; a mandatory safety feature in today's NASCAR vehicles.


1970 Rebel 400, Background
Darlington Raceway is a race track built for NASCAR racing located near Darlington, South Carolina. It is of a unique, somewhat egg-shaped design, an oval with the ends of very different configurations, a condition which supposedly arose from the proximity of one end of the track to a minnow pond the owner refused to relocate. This situation makes it very challenging for the crews to set up their cars' handling in a way that will be effective at both ends.


1970 Rebel 400, Background
Harold Brasington was a retired racer in 1948, who had gotten to know Bill France, Sr. while competing against France at the Daytona Beach Road Course and other dirt tracks in the Southeast and Midwestern United States; he quit racing in the late 1940s to concentrate on farming and his construction business. He began planning a new speedway after he noticed the huge crowds while attending the 1948 Indianapolis 500 and thought, "If Tony Hulman can do it here, I can do it back home."


1970 Rebel 400, Background
Brasington bought 70 acres from farmer Sherman Ramsey, and started making a race track from a cotton and peanut field. However, he was forced to create an egg-shaped oval with one corner tighter, narrower, and more steeply banked because he promised Ramsey that the new track wouldn't disturb Ramsey's minnow pond at the west side of the property. Brasington was able to make the other turn at the east side of the property wide, sweeping, and flat as he wanted. It took almost a year to build the track.


1970 Rebel 400, Background
Brasington made a deal in the summer of 1950 with France to run a 500-mile (800 km) race in Darlington on Labor Day that year. The first Southern 500 carried a record $25,000 purse, and was co-sanctioned by NASCAR and its rival Central States Racing Association. More than 80 entrants showed up for the race. Brasington used a 2-week qualifying scheme similar to the one used at the Indianapolis 500. Brasington was also inspired by Indianapolis when he had the 75-car field aligned in 25 rows of three cars. These practices have been curtailed over the years as NASCAR adopted a more uniform set of guidelines with regard to the number of cars which could qualify for a race. The race was won by Johnny Mantz in a car owned by France.


1970 Rebel 400, Race report
David Pearson defeated Dick Brooks by three laps in a race lasting three hours and five minutes; leading to his only win of the 1970 NASCAR Grand National Series season. Bill Seifert finished in last-place due to him quitting the race on lap 3. There were four cautions for a duration of 37 laps. Twenty lead changes were made during the course of the race. Overall, there were three accidents and one accidental spin down turn 4. Bobby Isaac dominated the last half of the race but ended up in third place.


1970 Rebel 400, Race report
Had Richard Petty not crashed his vehicle in the race and dislocated his shoulder in the process, he would have won the NASCAR championship instead of Bobby Isaac due to his consistency during the other races that season. Isaac raced 47 times and Petty raced 40 times during the 1970 NASCAR Cup Series season.


1970 Rebel 400, Race report
This was Buddy Arrington's first race back after his vicious wreck in the Daytona 500. The Mopar stalwart posted a strong run in his return as he brought his #5 Charger home with a sixth-place finish, his best of the season.


1970 Rebel 400, Race report
Engine failures dominated a good portion of the race. Five drivers failed to qualify for the event; including two Ford drivers. Cale Yarborough would finish in 13th place despite losing control over his clutch on lap 250. Nearly 13% of the race was run under a caution flag. Each green flag lasted almost 51 laps on average. Paul Connors would make his final professional stock car appearance at this event.


1970 Rebel 400, Race report
Drivers who failed to qualify for the race were: Ed Negre, Bill Shirey, Dick May, Hoss Ellington and Johnny Halford. Qualifying times ranged from 64.3 seconds to 72.1 seconds; speeds driven at the event ranged from 137.267 miles per hour (220.910 km/h) for the 37th-place driver to 153.822 miles per hour (247.553 km/h) for the pole position driver. Dale Inman was listed as the official crew chief for Pete Hamilton and Richard Petty. Other notable crew chiefs included Banjo Matthews, Harry Hyde and Herb Nab.


1970 Rewa–Suva by-election
A by-election for the Rewa–Suva seat in the House of Representatives of Fiji was held in December 1970 following the death of incumbent MP Alipate Sikivou in September 1970. The result was a victory for Uraia Koroi of the Alliance Party.


1970 Rewa–Suva by-election, Background
In the 1966 elections, the seat had been won by Alliance Party candidate Alipate Sikivou with 4,427 of the 7,474 valid votes (59.2%). Jone Cure Mataitini, an independent, finished second with 1,779 votes, whilst another independent candidate, Noa Niubalavu Nawalowalo, received 1,268 votes to finish third.


1970 Rewa–Suva by-election, Candidates
Three candidates contested the elections; Uraia Koroi, a programme organiser for Fijian language broadcasts at Radio Fiji, was the Alliance Party candidate. Ratu Mosese Varesekete Tuisawau, a brother in-law of Prime Minister Kamisese Mara, contested the elections on behalf of the National Federation Party, the first Fijian to contest the election on behalf of the party. The third candidate was Taniela Vitata, leader of the Dockworker and Seamen's Union, who ran on behalf of the National Liberal Party.


1970 Rewa–Suva by-election, Campaign
Unusually, the chief-oriented Alliance Party had a commoner as  its candidate, whilst the Indo-Fijian dominated National Federation Party had a Fijian chief. Tuisawau received the backing of a leading Rewan chief, Senator Jone Mataitini, but was strongly opposed by the Fiji Times. During the campaign Tuisawau was involved in a fight with the editor of the Na Tovata newspaper of the Alliance Party. He received strong support in Rewa, but very little in Suva.


1970 Rewa–Suva by-election, Results
Vitata lost his $100 deposit after receiving less than 10% of the vote. Voter turnout was just under 40%.


1970 Rhode Island Rams football team
The 1970 Rhode Island Rams football team was an American football team that represented the University of Rhode Island as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1970 NCAA College Division football season. In its first season under head coach Jack Gregory, the team compiled a 3–5 record (3–2 against conference opponents), tied for third place out of six teams in the Yankee Conference, and was  outscored by a total of 178 to 125. The team played its home games at Meade Stadium in Kingston, Rhode Island.


1970 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
The 1970 Rhode Island gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1970. Incumbent Democrat Frank Licht defeated Republican nominee Herbert F. DeSimone with 50.07% of the vote.


1970 Rhodesian general election
General elections were held in Rhodesia on 10 April 1970. They were the first elections to take place under the revised, republican constitution. The country had declared itself independent in November 1965, shortly after the previous elections; the Rhodesian Front government had always disliked the 1961 constitution and made sure to change it by the time of the next one.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Background
Following the referendum on the new constitution in June 1969, the timing of the next election was laid out: it would happen once the new Electoral Act had been put in place, and once delimitation of the new constituencies was complete.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Background
This gave opponents of the Rhodesian Front a chance to organise in time for the election. At the Rhodesian Front congress on 23 October 1969, the party chairman Ralph Nilson warned the government to avoid complacency. The Centre Party had been founded in 1968 as a non-racial party which aimed for 'Middle of the Road' political opinion; it supported "advancement of the African on merit" and gradual abolition of racial discrimination and was led by Pat Bashford; it was strongest in the urban areas. Ian Smith described it as "the real opposition".


1970 Rhodesian general election, Background
Robin James, an independent MP who had been expelled from the Rhodesian Front for opposing Ian Smith, formed the Conservative Alliance on 26 June 1969 which campaigned for the preservation of the white presence in Rhodesia. James attacked the Rhodesian Front for 'multiracial, integrationist policies'; his party was subsequently renamed the Republican Alliance. Eligible African voters also began to form political parties, among them the National People's Union which aimed to unite Africans against white supremacy without violence.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Electoral system
Under the 1969 constitution, the electorate of Rhodesia returned 66 members of the House of Assembly of Rhodesia. The electoral system was divided into three different classes of seat:


1970 Rhodesian general election, Electoral system, Qualification of voters
Qualification for being a voter depended on having sufficient means or educational achievement. All voters had to be a citizen of Rhodesia, over 21 years of age, have resided in the constituency for at least three months, and have an adequate knowledge of English and be able to sign the claim form in his or her own handwriting. There were then two rolls for which the voter might qualify, which were determined by their race.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Electoral system, Qualification of voters
To qualify for the European voters roll, a voter had to be European, Coloured, or Asian and either:


1970 Rhodesian general election, Electoral system, Qualification of voters
To qualify for the African voters roll, a voter had to be African and either:


1970 Rhodesian general election, Electoral system, Qualification of voters
In practice very few Africans qualified, and many who met the qualification requirements refused to register to vote.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Electoral system, Qualification of voters
Wives were deemed to meet the means qualification through their husbands' earnings or wealth, although for African voters living under a system of polygamy, only the first wife qualified. A Minister of Religion or a member of a religious order living under a vow of poverty was automatically deemed to have met the means qualification. Tribal chiefs also qualified automatically to vote.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Electoral system, Qualification of voters
Voters were disqualified if they were insane, had been convicted of a serious criminal offence or an offence under electoral law, had been under detention or restriction for more than six months under security legislation, or had been expelled from Parliament. Some voters were also disqualified for receiving Government rations or maintenance in lieu of rations for more than a year.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Electoral system, Constituency boundaries
A delimitation commission was established by the Electoral Act of 1969, and began work in December 1969. Several of the constituencies were the same as previous constituencies, but some changes were required due to population shifts. The delimitation commission had to work with electorate figures as of 1 February, and could recommend constituencies within 20% either side of a target electorate of 1,740 (which gave a maximum of 2,088 and a minimum of 1,393).


1970 Rhodesian general election, Campaign
On 1 March, Clifford Dupont as 'Officer Administering the Government' signed a proclamation dissolving Parliament and bringing into effect the new constitution at midnight (Rhodesia therefore became a unilaterally-proclaimed Republic on 2 March). The general election was set for 10 April.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Campaign
The Centre Party announced on 4 March its intention to run 12 candidates. The party declared it accepted the constitution and therefore the independence of Rhodesia. It eventually ran 16; the Republican Alliance had 14, and there were 14 Independents. These candidates generally fell into two categories.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Campaign
A victory for the Rhodesian Front was regarded as inevitable. Ian Smith, helped by the presence of the Republican Alliance, portrayed his government as not being racialist, and sought to postpone the question of what to do about the farming industry until after the election. In the event, the Rhodesian Front won every seat; the most marginal was Salisbury City, which included the large Salisbury community of Indian shopkeepers, and where a mixed-race candidate was only 40 votes off winning. The Centre Party's appeal to non-racial politics played well only among African voters who gave them seven out of the eight seats, with only one going to the National People's Union.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Results, Tribal seats
All the successful tribal MPs formed the Rhodesia Electoral Union on election.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Changes during the Assembly, Party changes
Allan Savory resigned from the Rhodesian Front in 1972 over the issue of land nationalisation. On 31 October 1972, he formed the Rhodesia Party together with Roy Ashburner (who had been an independent candidate in 1970), and Dr Morris Hirsch, who had been a United Federal Party MP in the 1960s.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Changes during the Assembly, Mabelreign
Patrick Palmer-Owen died on 9 June 1971. He was to undergo the first open-heart surgery of its kind at the time, but the operation was unsuccessful. A by-election was held to replace him on 5 August 1971.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Changes during the Assembly, Salisbury Central
Theo Ellison was convicted of a tax fraud and resigned from the Assembly on 15 November 1971. Nomination day for the byelection was 3 December 1971; only Hilary Gwyn Squires of the Rhodesian Front was nominated, and he was declared elected unopposed.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Changes during the Assembly, Kunyasi
Josiah Gondo died on 27 October 1972, leading to a byelection to replace him on 8 December 1972. Thomas Tavagwisa Zawaira was elected. There were five defeated candidates: Elias Mapiye Badza, Johnson Matariro Hungwe, Percy Hudson Mkudu, Samson Mundondo, and Isaac Hanzi Samuriwo.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Changes during the Assembly, Victoria
George Hartley was made Speaker of the House of Assembly on 27 March 1973, which made him a member of the House ex officio. A byelection to replace him was held on 17 May 1973.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Changes during the Assembly, Matojeni
Wening Moraka died on 7 March 1973 and a byelection was held to replace him on 24 May 1973.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Changes during the Assembly, Sinoia-Umvukwes
Frederick Alexander died on 26 December 1973, and the byelection to replace him was held on 28 February 1974.


1970 Rhodesian general election, Changes during the Assembly, Raylton
Thomas Pinchen resigned from the Assembly on 9 January 1974. The byelection in Raylton was held on 28 February 1974.


1970 Rice Owls football team
The 1970 Rice Owls football team was an American football team that represented Rice University in the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. In its fourth and final season under head coach Bo Hagan, the team compiled a 5–5 record (3–4 against SWC opponents), tied for fourth place in the conference, and was outscored by a total of 175 to 168. The team played its home games at Rice Stadium in Houston.


1970 Rice Owls football team
The team's statistical leaders included Philip Wood with 489 passing yards and 30 points scored, Stahle Vincent with 453 rushing yards, and Mike Philips with 192 receiving yards. Two Rice players were selected by the Associated Press as first-team players on the 1970 All-Southwest Conference football team: middle guard Roger Roitsch and defensive back Bucky Allhouse.


1970 Richmond Spiders football team
The 1970 Richmond Spiders football team represented the Richmond College during the 1970 NCAA University Division football season.


1970 Road Atlanta Can-Am
The 1970 Road Atlanta Can-Am race was the seventh round of the 1970 Can-Am season. It was held September 13, 1970, at Road Atlanta in Braselton, Georgia.


1970 Roller Hockey World Cup
The 1970 Roller Hockey World Cup was the nineteenth roller hockey world cup, organized by the Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports. It was contested by 11 national teams (6 from Europe, 3 from South America, 1 from North America and 1 from Asia). All the games were played in the city of San Juan, in Argentina, the chosen city to host the World Cup.


1970 Rose Bowl
The 1970 Rose Bowl was the 56th edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, on Thursday, January 1. The USC Trojans, champions of the Pacific-8 Conference, defeated the Michigan Wolverines, champions of the Big Ten Conference, 10–3. USC flanker Bob Chandler scored the only touchdown and was named the Player of the Game.


1970 Rose Bowl, Teams, Michigan
After early season losses to #9 Missouri and unranked Michigan State, the Wolverines won four straight games before their showdown with heavily-favored and top-ranked Ohio State for the Big Ten championship. Michigan shocked the college football world by upsetting the top-ranked Buckeyes 24–12 to tie for the conference title and receive the Rose Bowl bid. (Ohio State was ineligible anyway because of the Big Ten's "no repeat" rule, which was rescinded in 1971.)


1970 Rose Bowl, Teams, Michigan
Just days before the Rose Bowl, first-year head coach Bo Schembechler, age forty, suffered a mild heart attack and had to miss the game; defensive coordinator Jim Young was the acting head coach.


1970 Rose Bowl, Teams, USC
Aided by a pass interference penalty on fourth down followed by a controversial last-minute touchdown, USC earned the Rose Bowl berth with a 14–12 win over rival UCLA in their regular season finale. The only blemish on their record was a 14–14 tie at Notre Dame in mid-October. The Trojans were making their record fourth consecutive Rose Bowl appearance, as the Pac-8 did not have a "no repeat" rule.


1970 Rose Bowl, Game summary
The score was tied at 3–3 at halftime. With three minutes to play in the third quarter, USC quarterback Jimmy Jones threw a 33-yard touchdown pass to Bob Chandler to give the Trojans a 10–3 lead. A scoreless fourth quarter ensured the USC victory.


1970 Rose Bowl, Aftermath
USC finished the year undefeated with one tie, earning a #3 ranking behind undefeated and untied #1 Texas and #2 Penn State. Chandler went on to play for the NFL for 11 years with the Buffalo Bills and the Oakland Raiders. Michigan finished 8–3 and was ranked 9th in the AP poll (released in January) and 8th in the UPI poll (released after the regular season in early December).


1970 Rothmans 12 Hour
The 1970 Rothmans 12 Hour was an endurance motor race for Group E Series Production Touring Cars. The event was held at the Surfers Paradise International Raceway in Queensland, Australia on 4 January 1970 with the field divided into four classes determined by the retail price of the vehicle.


1970 Rothmans 12 Hour
The race was won by Colin Bond and Tony Roberts driving a Class D Holden Monaro HT GTS350 for the Harry Firth run Holden Dealer Team. The pair, who four months earlier had won the 1969 Hardie-Ferodo 500 at Bathurst, covered 435 laps of the 3.219 km (2.000 mi) circuit for a distance of 1,400.265 km (870 mi).


1970 Rothmans 250 Production Classic
The 1970 Rothmans 250 Production Classic was an endurance motor race for Series Production Touring Cars staged at the Surfers Paradise International Raceway in Queensland, Australia on 1 November 1970. Race distance was 125 laps of the 2 mile circuit, a total of 250 miles. Cars competed in four classes based on purchase price.


1970 Rothmans 250 Production Classic, Results
Note: The above results table shows only the top ten outright finishers plus the top three placegetters in each class.


1970 Rothmans Canadian Open
The 1970 Rothmans Canadian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Toronto Cricket Skating and Curling Club in Toronto in Canada that was part of the 1970 Pepsi-Cola Grand Prix. The men's tournament was held from August 12 through August 18, 1970, while the women's tournament was played from August 19 through August 25, 1970.


1970 Rothmans Canadian Open, Finals, Men's Doubles
William Bowrey /  Marty Riessen defeated  Cliff Drysdale /  Fred Stolle 6–3, 6–2


1970 Rothmans Canadian Open, Finals, Women's Doubles
Rosemary Casals /  Margaret Court defeated  Evonne Goolagong /  Pat Walkden 6–0, 6–1


1970 Rothmans International Tennis Tournament
The 1970 Rothmans International Tennis Tournament was a men's professional tennis tournament held on indoor carpet courts in the Royal Albert Hall in London, England. It was the first edition of the tournament and was held from 4–7 March 1970. It was an independent event, i.e. not part of either the 1970 Grand Prix or 1970 World Championship Tennis circuit. Marty Riessen won both the singles and doubles competition and £2525 in prize money.


1970 Rothmans International Tennis Tournament, Finals, Doubles
Tom Okker /  Marty Riessen defeated  Rod Laver /  Owen Davidson 6–3, 13–11, 9–11, 2–6, 7–5


1970 Round Australia Trial
The 1970 Round Australia Trial, officially the Ampol Trial was the eleventh running of the Round Australia Trial. The rally took place between 24 June and 5 July 1970. The event covered 10,200 kilometres around Australia. It was jointly won by Jean-Claude Ogier and Lucette Ogier, driving a Citroën DS 21 & Edgar Herrmann and Hans Schüller, driving a Datsun 1600 SSS.


1970 Rugby League World Cup
The fifth Rugby League World Cup was held in Great Britain in 1970. Britain, fresh from defeating Australia in the Ashes during their Australasian tour earlier in the year (the last time as of 2017 that they would win The Ashes), were hot favourites, and won all three of their group stage games, including defeating Australia 11–4. All the other nations lost two games each, and Australia qualified for the final largely on the back of an impressive tally of points against New Zealand.


1970 Rugby League World Cup
The final was held at Headingley, Leeds. Although Great Britain dominated the possession, the Kangaroos were able to exploit their chances, and ran out unexpected winners in a scrappy game that became known as the "Battle of Leeds".


1970 Rugby League World Cup
Australian centre Bob Fulton was named the official player of the tournament.


1970 Rugby League World Cup
After winning the tournament, the Australian team put the World Cup trophy on display in the Midland Hotel in Bradford. From there it was stolen and remained unseen for the next 20 years.


1970 Rugby League World Cup, Venues
Headingley in Leeds hosted a group game between Great Britain and Australia and also hosted the World Cup Final.


1970 Rugby League World Cup, Results
Australia beat the Kiwis easily at Wigan in the opening fixture with Eric Simms repeating his form of the 1968 tourney by landing a record ten goals.


1970 Rugby League World Cup, Results
Britain came from 0–4 behind to defeat Australia 11–4 at Headingley with Syd Hynes scoring the game's only try.


1970 Rugby League World Cup, Results
The try of the tournament was scored by the sensational French winger Serge Marsolan against New Zealand in a mud-bath at Hull. Marsolan ran from behind his own line for a try fit to win any match but the lackadaisical French lost 15–16.


1970 Rugby League World Cup, Results
The French put up a great fight against Britain in vile conditions, only to lose 0–6 at Castleford to three penalties from Ray Dutton.


1970 Rugby League World Cup, Results
Britain eliminated New Zealand from the tournament, cruising to victory with five tries to three.


1970 Rugby League World Cup, Results
This incredibly exciting game has been described as the tournament's piece de resistance. Aussie centre Bobby Fulton scored a try within seconds of the kick-off – probably the quickest ever in international matches. However, with ten minutes to go and the scores level at 15–15, the French stole the game when stand-off half Jean Capdouze dropped a monster goal. The Kangaroos' loss to France meant it was Australia's superior points differential (on the back of their pointsfest in the opening game against New Zealand) alone that got them into the final with the undefeated Great Britain team.


1970 Rugby League World Cup, Results, Final
Having retained the Ashes, Great Britain were favourites to win the final, which would become known as the 'Battle of Headingley' due to its brutality. However it went completely against expectations as Britain failed to play any decent football despite overwhelming possession. The Kangaroos led 5–4 at half-time with a try to Australian three-quarter, Father John Cootes. They went on to utilise their meagre chances to the full, running out 12–7 victors. The game itself was an extended punch-up. The only surprise was that it took 79 minutes before anyone was sent off. Two sacrificial lambs, Billy Smith of Australia and Syd Hynes of Britain, were sent off the field in the last minute for what had been going unpunished throughout the game.


1970 Rugby League World Cup Final
The 1970 Rugby League World Cup Final was the conclusive game of the 1970 Rugby League World Cup tournament and was played between Great Britain and Australia on 8 November 1970 at the Headingley ground in Leeds, England.


1970 Rugby League World Cup Final, Background
The 1970 Rugby League World Cup was the fifth staging of the Rugby League World Cup since its inauguration in 1954, and the first since the 1968 tournament. The tournament was held in the England from 21 October, culminating in the final between Great Britain and Australia on 8 November.


1970 Rugby League World Cup Final, Background, Australia
Australia, France and New Zealand all finished with one win each. Australia advanced to the Final by virtue of a better for and against record.


1970 Rugby League World Cup Final, Match details
Having retained the Ashes against Australia during their 1970 Australasian tour, Great Britain were favourites to win the final, which would become known as the 'Battle of Headingley' due to its brutality. However it went completely against expectations as Britain failed to play any decent football despite overwhelming possession. The Kangaroos led 5–4 at half-time with a try to Australian three-quarter, Father John Cootes. They went on to utilise their meagre chances to the full, running out 12–7 victors. The game itself was an extended punch-up. The only surprise was that it took 79 minutes before anyone was sent off. Two sacrificial lambs, Billy Smith of Australia and Syd Hynes of Britain, were sent off the field in the last minute for what had been going unpunished throughout the game.


1970 Rugby League World Cup Final, Match details
Great Britain, having been undefeated in the World Cup, felt that there should not have been a need to play a final, especially as they had already defeated Australia 11-4 at Headingley in the second game of the tournament.


1970 Rugby League World Cup Final, Match details
We beat them at Leeds in the group stages as well as beating France and New Zealand so we were confident but in the final we got our tactics wrong. We tried to physically knock them down but we should have played more football. John Atkinson had that altercation with Father John Cootes after the final whistle. Tactically we didn’t play to our best. Maybe there was some complacency due to the Ashes win and the group stage games.


1970 Rugby League World Cup Final, Match details
(Note: Although Reilly recalls a post-match incident between Atkinson and Cootes, what actually happened was Australian fullback Eric Simms attempted to shake hands with Atkinson after the game, but was instead greeted with a headbutt by the frustrated Lions winger. This led to a wild post-match brawl between the teams that had to be broken up by referee Fred Lindop, his two touch judges, and the Leeds City Police.)


1970 Rugby League World Cup squads
This is a list of the squads which took part at the 1970 Rugby League World Cup.


1970 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team
The 1970 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team represented Rutgers University in the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. In their 11th season under head coach John F. Bateman, the Scarlet Knights compiled a 5–5 record and were outscored by their opponents 215 to 193. The team's statistical leaders included Mike Yancheff with 974 passing yards, Larry Robertson with 397 rushing yards, and Al Fenstemacher with 254 receiving yards.


1970 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team
The Scarlet Knights played their home games at Rutgers Stadium in Piscataway, New Jersey, across the river from the university's main campus in New Brunswick.


1970 SANFL Grand Final
The 1970 SANFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football competition. Sturt beat Glenelg by 85 to 64.


1970 SANFL season
The 1970 South Australian National Football League season was the 91st season of the top-level Australian rules football competition in South Australia.


1970 SCCA Continental Championship
The 1970 SCCA Continental Championship was the fourth annual running of the Sports Car Club of America's professional open wheel racing series. The championship was open to Formula A cars, with both 305 cubic inch "stock block" V8 engines and 183 cubic inch "free design" engines being permitted in that category. For the first time in the history of the series, drivers competed for the L&M Championship Trophy and a share of a $40,000 prize fund. The championship was won by John Cannon driving a McLaren M10B Chevrolet.


1970 SCCA Continental Championship
The SCCA also organized a separate Continental Championship for Formula B cars.


1970 SCCA Continental Championship, Points system
Championship points were awarded to drivers on a 20-15-12-10-8-6-4-3-2-1 basis for the first ten places in each race.


1970 SMU Mustangs football team
The 1970 SMU Mustangs football team represented Southern Methodist University during the 1970 college football season.


1970 Sacramento State Hornets football team
The 1970 Sacramento State Hornets football team represented Sacramento State College during the 1970 NCAA College Division football season.


1970 Sacramento State Hornets football team
Sacramento State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC). The Hornets were led by head coach Ray Clemons in his tenth season. They played home games at Hornet Stadium in Sacramento, California. The team finished the season with a record of four wins and six losses (4–6, 2–3 FWC). Overall, the team outscored its opponents 196–169 for the season.


1970 Sacramento State Hornets football team, Team players in the NFL
No Sacramento State players were selected in the 1971 NFL Draft.


1970 Saint Louis Billikens men's soccer team
The 1970 Saint Louis Billikens men's soccer team represented Saint Louis University during the 1970 NCAA soccer season. The Billikens won their eighth NCAA title this season. It was the 12th ever season the Billikens fielded a men's varsity soccer team.


1970 Saint Louis Billikens men's soccer team
Dan Counce lead the Billikens in scoring this season, amassing 14 goals over the course of the season. Captain, Al Trost won the Hermann Trophy.


1970 Saint Louis Billikens men's soccer team, Roster
The following individuals played for the Billikens during the 1970 season.


1970 Saint Louis Billikens men's soccer team, Roster
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1970 Salvadoran legislative election
Legislative elections were held in El Salvador on 8 March 1970. The result was a victory for the National Conciliation Party, which won 34 of the 52 seats. However, the election was marred by massive fraud. Voter turnout was just 41.6%.


1970 San Diego Chargers season
The 1970 San Diego Chargers season was the franchise's eleventh overall season and first season in the National Football League (NFL). As a result of the NFL-AFL Merger, where the league was broken into two conferences, each member of the American Football League was moved into the American Football Conference.


1970 San Diego Chargers season
San Diego's 5-6-3 record was the first of seven consecutive losing seasons for the franchise. The 1970 Chargers are the last NFL team to record three ties in a single season, a record which will likely stand, as the NFL adopted overtime for regular season games in 1974.


1970 San Diego Chargers season, Regular season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1970 San Diego Padres season
The 1970 San Diego Padres season was the second season in franchise history.


1970 San Diego Padres season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1970 San Diego Padres season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1970 San Diego Padres season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1970 San Diego Padres season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1970 San Diego Padres season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts