1970 Huascarán debris avalanche
Although Yungay was located outside of the direct avalanche path, the slide was so large that it overwhelmed the natural geographic barriers protecting the town, whose location had previously been considered safe. The United States Geological Survey stated that "conceivably, such an event may not occur again for thousands of years. "


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Geography and geology
Due to its rugged terrain, high elevation and location in an active seismic zone, the Callejón de Huaylas, or upper Río Santa valley has historically been vulnerable to large landslides, mudslides and avalanches. Huascáran, the highest peak of the Peruvian Andes, rises to an elevation of 6,768 m (22,205 ft) to the east of the valley. Río Llanguanuco, a tributary of Río Santa, drains a ravine on the northwest flank of Huascáran and cuts a steep southwesterly path to join the larger river, forming an alluvial fan in a wide valley near its mouth.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Geography and geology
Due to the fertile soils and availability of surface water, the area had been farmed for hundreds of years and was home to many small villages. The original site of Yungay town was an elevated area northeast of the Río Santa and north-west of the Río Llanguanuco; it was outside of the Llanguanuco valley, with a low ridge (Cerro de Aira) separating the two.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Geography and geology
Debris-flow deposits of Holocene origin make up the Río Llanganuco alluvial fan and underlie the Río Santa bed for depths of hundreds of metres in places, indicating that such flows have occurred here regularly for thousands of years. Geologic evidence indicates that Yungay itself was "probably built on a flow or avalanche deposit." The name of nearby Ranrahirca village means "pile of thrown stones" in Quechua, suggesting that debris avalanches have been observed in the valley since ancient times. These destructive flows of snow, ice, mud and rock are locally termed huaycos.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Geography and geology
The northwest side of Huascarán has been called "one of the most unstable ice-covered areas in the Cordillera Blanca". Among the many glaciers and permanent icefields on Huascarán is "Glacier 511" located below the nearly vertical face of Huascarán's north peak. The glacier fills the head of the very steep Quebrada Armapampa ravine, which eventually flows into Río Llanguanuco.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Geography and geology
Beneath the snout of Glacier 511 the terrain slopes down at an average pitch of 23 degrees (in some places exceeding 70 degrees), with a total vertical drop of 3,000 m (9,800 ft) before reaching the more gently sloped valleys below, creating ideal conditions for any large falling mass of rock to move unobstructed at high speed.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Yungay before the disaster
In the late 1960s, Yungay's permanent population was around 4,000 or 5,000, which swelled greatly on market and church days when thousands of visitors arrived from the surrounding villages. With the notable exception of the massive stone cathedral at the center of town, the city consisted predominantly of two or three-story adobe and wood structures with heavy tile roofs, dating from the Spanish colonial period. This fragile housing stock, typical of structures elsewhere in the Río Santa valley, was highly vulnerable to seismic activity. Other prominent features of Yungay included the central Plaza de Armas surrounded by palm trees, which hosted events including the fiesta of Santo Domingo, and the elevated cemetery, which was actually built on top of a pre-Inca burial mound which may be as old as 10,000 years.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Yungay before the disaster
In the years leading up to 1970, Yungay – sometimes nicknamed "Pearl of the Huaylas Corridor" – had become one of the most popular tourist destinations in Peru due to its picturesque location, architecture, and proximity to Huascarán and the Llanganuco lakes.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Yungay before the disaster
Yungay had been struck by disaster before; it was reported to be "almost completely wiped out by an avalanche" in 1872, implying an avalanche at least equal to the magnitude of the 1970 event.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, 1962 Ranrahirca avalanche
On January 10, 1962, part of Glacier 511 collapsed, causing 10 million m3 (13 million yd3) of rock, ice and snow to crash down into Río Llanganuco. The slide destroyed nine villages and killed more than 4,000 people. The entire town of Ranrahirca, which was built on the Llanguanuco fan at the edge of the slide path, was flattened; some 2,900 people died in Ranrahirca alone. Residents had little to no warning, as less than four minutes passed from the beginning of the slide before the flow reached the Río Santa. Everything in the wave's path was destroyed, and corpses were washed as far as the Pacific Ocean, 100 km (62 mi) downstream.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, 1962 Ranrahirca avalanche
This slide was not caused by an earthquake, nor were seven other large avalanches and debris flows that occurred in the Santa Valley between 1940 and 1970. Rather, the glacier had fractured under its own weight. Due to the steep slope of the underlying rock and lubrication by glacial melt, there was nothing to stop the ice from sliding downhill at high speed.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, 1962 Ranrahirca avalanche
In the wake of this and other glacier-related disasters in the Ancash region, notably glacial lake outburst floods that destroyed parts of Huaraz in the preceding two decades, the national government had tried to push forward "hazard zoning" which would limit development in flood and avalanche zones. However, these efforts were largely unsuccessful due to resistance by locals, who feared the economic and cultural disruption that would result from forced relocation.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Post-1962 observations and controversy
In September 1962, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology sponsored a glaciological expedition to assess the aftermath of the Ranrahirca slide. American climbers David Bernays and Charles Sawyer observed, in the aftermath of this slide, "a massive vertical slab of rock being undermined by Glacier 511" posing the threat of a much larger collapse. The overhanging cliff was as much as 1,000 m (3,300 ft) high in places and the rock was described as being "pervasively fractured." Although the risk to Yungay was remote, the town could be threatened if a "sufficiently large avalanche" were to spill over the ridge to its east. The Americans' findings were reported on September 27, 1962, in the El Expreso newspaper, under the headline "Dantesque Avalanche Threatens Yungay."


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Post-1962 observations and controversy
"The mountaineers and scientists... [ provided] a dramatic revelation that a gigantic avalanche three times larger than that of Ranrahirca threatens to dislodge, putting in danger Yungay, Mancos and the proposed site where they plan to rebuild the devastated Ranrahirca... It is hoped that authorities take preventative measures to save the lives of the flourishing Callejón de Huaylas populations. "


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Post-1962 observations and controversy
Local authorities ordered this information to be retracted, and discouraged citizens from speaking about the threat, in order to prevent panic: "Anyone who spoke in favor of the Americans' conclusions would be charged under the Penal Code for disrupting public tranquility. " The director of the regional Lakes Commission, Miguel Eliás Pizarro, was asked to "provide an expert analysis."


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Post-1962 observations and controversy
Pizarro "dismissed the American mountaineers' statements as outlandish, hurried and uninformed" and stated that Yungay was in no danger, being well out of the path of the 1962 slide. Bernays and Sawyer were reportedly threatened with arrest, and they soon fled the country. Prior to that, Bernays had attended a public meeting in Huaraz where he called the Expreso coverage "exaggerated", though he did not deny the possibility that a large enough avalanche could affect Yungay.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Background, Post-1962 observations and controversy
This same glacier would be the origin of the much larger collapse that destroyed Yungay eight years later.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide
At 15:23 on Sunday, May 31, 1970, the Ancash earthquake (also known as the Great Peruvian earthquake) struck off the coast of Peru with a moment magnitude of 7.9. The shaking dislodged a slab of rock about 800 m (2,600 ft) wide from the western face of Huascarán's north peak, at an elevation of roughly 5,600 to 6,200 m (18,400 to 20,300 ft). The rockfall occurred almost immediately after the shaking began, with witnesses comparing the sound to a gunshot or explosion. The fall triggered an "enormous dark cloud of dust" which rapidly blocked the view from below.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide
The rock fell some 600 m (2,000 ft) vertically before landing on Glacier 511 and sliding nearly 3 km (1.9 mi) down its surface, accumulating a large volume of firn snow as it went. The initial ice-rock avalanche volume was at least 25 million m3 (33 million yd3), and grew rapidly in size as it fell down the steep Llanganuco valley, picking up large volumes of dirt, loose glacial moraine, water and uprooted trees. With area soils saturated near the end of the rainy season, and the large amount of snow and ice scraped off the glacier surface, the avalanche quickly liquefied into a fluid, fast-moving mudflow.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide
The maximum volume of the mudflow was as much as 0.1 km3 (130 million yd3), and it reached speeds of up to 435 km/h (270 mph). Some debris projectiles launched ahead of the main flow may have exceeded 1,100 km/h (680 mph). According to a U.S. Geological Survey report published the same year, the mudflow may have achieved its unusually high speed due to "air-cushioned flow", a mixture of snow, ice and entrapped air that allowed the bulk of the material to essentially float over the ground. The initial acceleration of the mass down the low-friction glacial surface was also a major factor, catapulting the material downhill at a much higher speed than if it had slid over bare rock or earth.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide, Destruction of Yungay
In Yungay, people rushed outside after the earthquake hit; many flocked to churches to shelter and pray. Most buildings in the city were damaged or destroyed by the earthquake, though initial casualties were low compared to the mudflow that followed.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide, Destruction of Yungay
The mudflow struck Yungay, 13 km (8.1 mi) from the avalanche origin, an estimated 1 minute, 42 seconds after the earthquake began. Although the nearly 200 m (660 ft) hill of Cerro de Aira stood between Yungay and the Llanganuco valley, the mudflow struck the ridge at a high enough speed – some 170 km/h (110 mph)  – that part of it leapt over the crest, first destroying the villages of Shillkop, Aira and Ongo before descending upon Yungay.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide, Destruction of Yungay
A large air blast preceded the debris flow, followed by a rain of boulders and large debris before the main, semi-liquid wave struck. The wind blast was "strong enough to throw people to the ground and in some places to topple trees." Giant rocks "bounced and rolled" towards Yungay, leaving huge craters in the ground and flattening buildings that had not been already destroyed by the earthquake. The mudflow itself was described by survivors as "rolling", "wavelike" or "a rolling confused motion." Due to the speed of the flow, there was no time to evacuate. Practically every man-made structure in Yungay except a few on the outskirts were destroyed, and thousands of people were killed instantly. Survivor Mateo Casaverde described the scene:


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide, Destruction of Yungay
"We heard a deep noise, different from the earthquake, but not so much so. It was coming from Huascarán and we saw between the mountain and Yungay a giant cloud of dust. The quake had caused an avalanche. Part of Huascarán was falling... You could see a giant wave of gray mud, about 60 metres (200 ft) high, about to hit the left hand side of the city. This wave was certainly not dust... The sky went dark. We looked around. Yungay and its many thousands of inhabitants had disappeared."


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide, Effects elsewhere
The majority of the mudflow headed straight down Río Llanganuco, which formed the most direct path for the slide. The villages of Incayoc and Huashau, closest to the base of Huascarán, were struck first. A group of Czechslovak climbers on their way up the mountain were killed nearby. The entire Llanganuco delta area was destroyed, including the rebuilt town of Ranrahirca, where an estimated 1,800 people were killed. "An unknown, but probably large, number of additional casualties were sustained elsewhere in the extensive area covered by the debris lobe." As had occurred in Yungay, huge boulders were thrown hundreds of metres across the valley, destroying everything in their path. The largest single boulder found in the slide, near the site of Ranrahirca, weighed 14,000 tonnes (31,000,000 lb).


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide, Effects elsewhere
The slide dammed the Río Santa, causing it to back up in a 2 km (1.2 mi) long lake. Material traveled as much as 83 m (272 ft) vertically up the opposite bank, destroying part of Matacoto village, before reversing and falling back into the river with a thunderous roar. Survivors described the motion as "like a wave on the shore. " Within thirty minutes the landslide dam overflowed, and debris and mud flowed downstream for some 100 km (62 mi) at speeds up to 35 km/h (22 mph), causing damage all along the river banks.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide, Effects elsewhere
In Caraz, 11 km (6.8 mi) downstream of Yungay, the airport and much of the surrounding farmland were flooded, and a highway bridge at Choquechaca was destroyed. The dam of the Cañon del Pato hydroelectric plant was also destroyed, although the power station itself was unharmed. At Huallanca below Cañon del Pato, the river reportedly dried up for an hour after the earthquake, due to its temporary blockage upstream, then abruptly rose 20 m (66 ft) from its bed. After the water receded "dozens of corpses, and vehicles and other manmade materials" were found deposited in the flood zone. Large sections of railroad and highway between Huallanca and Chimbote were either buried or washed away, cutting off access to the region.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Earthquake and landslide, Effects elsewhere
It reportedly took eight or nine days for the river to cut completely through the debris dam and restore its original course.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Casualties and losses
The number of deaths from the 1970 avalanche has been difficult to quantify; due to the sheer size of the devastated area and the depth to which the towns were buried, thousands of missing bodies were never found. Furthermore, the casualties in Yungay were greatly increased due to the disaster having occurred on Sunday – market day – when many people had come in from the countryside. Most estimates range between a total of 15,000 and 18,000 killed in Yungay and the surrounding villages, although some sources cite a death toll as high as 22,000 or 25,000.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Casualties and losses
Only about 400 people survived in Yungay proper, 300 of which were children, who had been attending a circus in the local stadium; reportedly a clown led them to higher ground just in time before the mudflow struck. Ninety-two people also survived by climbing an artificial hill at the town cemetery. These were the only structures in town that remained intact, along with "a statue of Jesus Christ with his arms outstretched, standing tall above the rubble" which remains today as a memorial to the dead. A photograph of four palm trees that once surrounded Yungay's main plaza, half buried in the mudflow but still standing, became symbolic of the disaster.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Casualties and losses
The debris covered a total area of 1,500 hectares (3,700 acres) and reached depths of up to 20 m (66 ft) in the Ranrahirca area; in places the flow spread as wide as 4.3 km (2.7 mi). Yungay town was buried under about 5 metres (16 ft) of debris. Much of the mud that initially buried the city drained away within a few days of the disaster, leaving a plain of larger rocks which remains today in much the same state.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Aftermath, Relief efforts
Due to Yungay's cultural and economic importance as the capital of Yungay Province, many survivors not only from Yungay but the surrounding villages resisted government efforts to resettle them elsewhere. Within a year of the disaster, some 2,000 survivors had clustered in the refugee camp known as "Yungay Norte", only a few hundred metres north of the destroyed city. Although this location was much safer from landslides than old Yungay, it was geographically constrained – "aid personnel speculated that if the capital of the province were relocated there, it would soon outgrow the safe area and spill over into dangerous zones. "


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Aftermath, Relief efforts
The national government created the Comisión de Reconstrucción y Rehabilitación de la Zona Afectada (CRYRZA) agency to oversee aid and reconstruction efforts in the areas affected by the Ancash earthquake. Soon after the disaster, authorities supervised repair of Yungay's irrigation systems which had been destroyed by the mudflow. However, the year's agricultural output still fell far short of normal. Relief efforts were hindered by the damage to roads and bridges in rough terrain; "it took two or three days for supplies to reach the upper Santa valley by road from Lima airport. "


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Aftermath, Relief efforts
There was controversy over the distribution of aid, as urban dwellers felt they were not receiving enough compared to indigenous peasants. President Juan Velasco saw the disaster as "a unique opportunity" to carry out his populist agenda, which aimed to erase socioeconomic divides in rural provinces such as Yungay. "For the urban elite accustomed to advantages over the indigenous population, equality was an insidious proposition." Yet for rural inhabitants, "it was a unique opportunity for social mobility in a frontier-like scenario. "


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Aftermath, Reconstruction
In November 1970, authorities announced plans to relocate the provincial capital itself to a place called Tingua, 15 km (9.3 mi) away. This plan was poorly received, being far from the peasant farmers who depended on Yungay markets to sell their products and came to town for religious functions. Such an arrangement would also leave the urban population without nearby sources of food, goods and revenue (from renting of farmland). "The Tingua site for the new capital would have disrupted traditional social, economic and political patterns of interrelationships within the capital as well as between the rural and urban sectors of society. The Yungaino leaders were determined to avoid this disruptive project at all costs. "


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Aftermath, Reconstruction
Ultimately, the national government began the construction of a permanent town at Yungay Norte, with significant international assistance. By 1975, Yungay Norte was simply known as "Yungay", with the site of the destroyed town known as "Yungay Viejo". The new city already had electricity, running water, clinics, schools, a church, and permanent housing. By the early 1990s Yungay had recovered to its pre-avalanche population. The social composition of the town was completely changed, especially since a large number of old Yungay's survivors ended up moving to coastal cities, to be replaced by migrants from rural areas.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Aftermath, Reconstruction
The Peruvian government declared the site of Yungay a national cemetery, Campo Santo. Any excavation to recover the dead or search for artifacts is prohibited. A memorial in the shape of the original cathedral facade, a stone altar, and a large memorial garden and obelisk has been built on the site. Some survivors have erected headstones in the locations of their former homes. Visitors can still see a portion of the cathedral wall, the burial mound and statue of Christ, the four palm trees in the central plaza, and the wreckage of a bus.


1970 Huascarán debris avalanche, Aftermath, Reconstruction
In the wake of the disaster, the national government greatly increased funding for the mitigation and prevention of glacier-related hazards. May 31 was also declared National Disaster Education and Reflection Day, in honour of the earthquake and avalanche victims.


1970 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1970 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State College during the 1970 NCAA College Division football season. Humboldt State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC).


1970 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1970 Lumberjacks were led by fifth-year head coach Bud Van Deren. They played home games at the Redwood Bowl in Arcata, California. Humboldt State finished with a record of five wins and five losses (5–5, 2–2 FWC). The Lumberjacks were outscored by their opponents 238–266 for the season.


1970 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team, Team players in the NFL
The following Humboldt State players were selected in the 1971 NFL Draft.


1970 IAAF World Race Walking Cup
The 1970 IAAF World Race Walking Cup was held in Eschborn, Federal Republic of Germany, on October 10, 1970. The event was also known as Lugano Trophy.


1970 IAAF World Race Walking Cup, Results, Team
The team rankings, named Lugano Trophy, combined the 20km and 50km events team results.


1970 IAAF World Race Walking Cup, Participation
The participation of 60 athletes from 8 countries is reported.


1970 IAAF World Race Walking Cup, Qualifying Rounds
From 1961 to 1985 there were qualifying rounds with the first two winners proceeding to the final. This year, the German Democratic Republic, the United Kingdom, India, the United States, and the Soviet Union proceeded directly to the final.


1970 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1970 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark for the second time after hosting the event in 1950. This event was held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation. Beginning at these championships, the event would be held on an annual basis in non-Summer Olympic years, a tradition that continues as of 2009.


1970 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The men's competition consisted of four Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.


1970 IIHF European U19 Championship
The 1970 IIHF European U19 Championship was the third playing of the IIHF European Junior Championships.


1970 IIHF European U19 Championship, Group A
Played in Geneva, Switzerland from December 26, 1969, to January 2, 1970.


1970 IIHF European U19 Championship, Group B
Played in Kapfenberg, Leoben, and Bruck, Austria, from December 26, 1969, to January 2, 1970.


1970 IIHF European U19 Championship, Group B, First round
Bulgaria was to play in this group but forfeited. The Yugoslavian goaltender played without a mask, and was hit in the face by a shot in their game against Poland, in part explaining the 20 to 0 score.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1970 Ice Hockey World Championships was the 37th edition of the Ice Hockey World Championships. 21 nations participated in three different divisions or pools:


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships
For the eighth straight year, the Soviet Union won the world championship. Originally the tournament was scheduled to be held in Montreal and Winnipeg in Canada. However, after a dispute over allowing professional players in international tournaments, the IIHF awarded the championships to other cities. The Canadian team withdrew from competing in international hockey. They would not return to international play until 1977. This tournament was also the first one to make helmets mandatory for all skaters.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Canadian departure from international hockey
Canada was scheduled to be the original host nation of Group A for the 1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, and the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) had granted use of up to nine former professional players for national teams at the event. The Canada men's national ice hockey team had not won the Ice Hockey World Championships since 1961 and had never hosted the event. Hockey Canada and the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA) saw the use of professionals as the best chance to return Canada to hockey supremacy, and were committed to event including professionals. Canadian officials were frustrated that their best players, competing in the National Hockey League (NHL), were prevented from playing while Soviet players, who were "employees" of the industrial or military organizations that fielded "amateur" teams, were allowed to compete.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Canadian departure from international hockey
International Olympic Committee president Avery Brundage objected to the use of professionals at the World Championships and stated that any national team which played against professionals would be ineligible for ice hockey at the 1972 Winter Olympics. The IIHF called an emergency meeting for January 1970 to discuss the situation. CAHA president Earl Dawson argued that national teams participating in Izvestia Trophy tournaments had played against professionals, but were still eligible for the Olympics and the same should apply to the World Championships.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Canadian departure from international hockey
He also made the suggestion to consider the 1970 event an invitational tournament instead of a World Championships to avoid the wrath of the IOC, but the IIHF declined the notion. A vote was taken and five of the eight nations in the top division of the World Championships voted against the use of any professionals.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Canadian departure from international hockey
Canada perceived the situation to be a double standard in international hockey since players on European national teams were believed to be state-sponsored professionals labelled as amateurs. Dawson and the CAHA tooke stand against what they perceived as hypocrisy by European members of the IIHF. Dawson withdrew the Canadian national team from international competitions against European hockey teams until Canada was allowed to use its best players. Hosting of the 1970 World Championships was given Sweden. Dawson felt that Sweden and the Soviet Union combined to sabotage the Canadian attempt to host the 1970 World Championships, because Sweden wanted to host the event and the Soviets did not want to lose the gold medal.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Canadian departure from international hockey
Instead of competing internationally at the Olympics, Canadian officials helped organize a series of games against the Soviet Union in September 1972 known as the Summit Series. These games featured a Canadian team made up exclusively of NHL professionals.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
14. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Machač, Martinec, Suchý, Haas, Kochta, Nedomanský – Czachowski, Goralczyk,  Kacik.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
14. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Stig-Göran Johansson 2, Svedberg, Sjöbrg, Stefan Karlsson, Wickberg – Bielas.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
15. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Leimu 3, Murto 2, Ketola, Jorma Peltonen, Mononen, Vehmanen – Goralczyk.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
15. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Maltsev 4, Mišakov 3, Firsov, Vikulov, Charlamov, Staršinov, Petrov – Joachim Ziesche.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
15. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Suchý 2, Machač, Kochta – N. Johansson, Abrahamsson, Nilsson, S. G. Johansson, Hedberg. Referees: Sillankorva (FIN), Karandin (URS)


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
17. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Haas 2, Nedomanský, Suchý – Karrenbauer.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
17. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers::  Vikulov 3, Maltsev 2, Michajlov, Firsov.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
17. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Stefan Karlsson – Linnonmaa, Rantasila, Keinonen.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
18. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Kochta – Maltsev, Vikulov, Nikitin. Referees: Dahlberg (SWE), Sillankorva (FIN)


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
19. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Hans Lindberg 3, Palmqvist 2, Tord Lundström 2, Abrahamsson, Stefan Karlsson, Sterner,  Lars-Göran Nilsson.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
20. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Suchý 3, Nedomanský 3, Ševčík, Jar. Holík, Haas – Keinonen.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
20. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Arne Carlsson, Lundström, Palmqvist, Lars-Göran Nilsson - Charlamov,  Staršinov.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
21. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Helmut Novy, Noack - Migacz, Bialynicki.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
22. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Michajlov 3, Charlamov 3, Maltsev 2,  Alexandr Jakušev 2, Firsov 2, Petrov, Vikulov, Polupanov, Staršinov - Keinonen.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
22. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Martinec 2, Jiří Holík 2, Nedomanský, Haas, Ševčík, Pospíšil, Suchý, Jar. Holík – Bialynicki 2.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
23. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Lars-Göran Nilsson 2, Stefan Karlsson, Lundström, Lindberg, Hedberg - Dietmar Peters, Plotka.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
24. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Michajlov, Charlamov, Firsov, Staršinov, Alexandr Jakušev, Mišakov 2 - Slapke.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
24. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Prýl, Hrbatý – Palmqvist, S. G. Johansson. Referees: Karandin (URS), Wycisk (POL)


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
25. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Nedomanský 3, Jiří Holík 2, Ševčík, Pospíšil – Joachim Ziesche, Bielas,  Fuchs.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
25. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Maltsev 4, Michajlov 2, Polupanov 2, Charlamov, Mišakov, Šadrin.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
26. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Stefan Karlsson 2, Wickberg, Stig-Göran Johansson - Linnonmaa, Leimu,  Mononen.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
27. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Hrbatý – Vikulov 2, Staršinov, Petrov, Firsov. Referees: Sillankorva (FIN), Wycisk (POL)


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
28. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Dietmar Peters, Prusa, Joachim Ziesche, Braun - Mononen, Oksanen, Ketola.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
28. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Olsson 2, Abrahamsson, Wickberg, Lundström – Migacz.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
28. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Prusa, Nickel, Plotka, Hiller 2 - Bialynicki,  Goralczyk.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
30. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Nedomanský, Ševčík, R. Farda – Keinonen, Ketola, Murto, Rantasila, Jorma Peltonen.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Championship Group A (Sweden)
30. March 1970 – StockholmGoalscorers:: Wickberg - Vikulov, Petrov, Maltsev.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Pool A Statistics and Team Line-Ups
1. USSRGoaltenders: Viktor Konovalenko, Vladislav Treťjak. Defencemen: Vitalij Davidov, Valerij Vasiljev,  Alexander Ragulin, Vladimir Lutčenko, Igor Romiševskij, Jevgenij Paladjev, Valerij Nikitin. Forwards: Boris Michajlov, Vladimir Petrov, Valerij Charlamov, Vladimir Vikulov, Viktor Populanov, Anatoli Firsov, Alexander Maltsev, Vjačeslav Staršinov, Jevgenij Mišakov, Alexandr Jakušev, Vladimir Šadrin, Vladimir Šapovalov. Coaches: Arkadij Černyšev, Anatolij Tarasov.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Pool A Statistics and Team Line-Ups
2. SWEDENGoaltenders: Leif Holmqvist, Gunnar Bäckman. Defencemen:  Thommy Abrahamsson, Arne Carlsson, Anders Hagström, Nils Johansson,  Kjell-Rune Milton, Lars-Erik Sjöberg, Lennart Svedberg. Forwards: Anders Hedberg, Stig-Göran Johansson, Stefan Karlsson, Hans Lindberg, Tord Lundström, Lars-Göran Nilsson, Anders Nordin, Roger Olsson, Björn Palmqvist, Ulf Sterner, Håkan Wickberg. Coach: Arne Strömberg.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Pool A Statistics and Team Line-Ups
3. CZECHOSLOVAKIAGoaltenders: Vladimír Dzurilla, Miroslav Lacký. Defencemen: Jan Suchý, Josef Horešovský, Oldřich Machač, František Pospíšil, Vladimír Bednář, Lubomír Ujváry. Forwards: Vladimír Martinec, Richard Farda, Josef Černý, Jan Hrbatý, Jaroslav Holík, Jiří Holík, Július Haas, Václav Nedomanský, Jiří Kochta, František Ševčík, Ivan Hlinka, Stanislav Prýl. Coaches: Jaroslav Pitner, Vladimír Kostka.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Pool A Statistics and Team Line-Ups
4. FINLANDGoaltenders: Urpo Ylönen, Jorma Valtonen. Defencemen and Forwards: Seppo Lindström, Ilpo Koskela, Juha Rantasila, Heikki Riihiranta, Pekka Marjamäki, Lalli Partinen, Pekka Leimu, Jorma Peltonen, Lasse Oksanen, Jorma Vehmanen, Veli-Pekka Ketola, Matti Keinonen, Väinö Kalkka, Matti Murto, Esa Peltonen, Juhani Tamminen, Harri  Linnonmaa, Lauri Mononen. Coaches: Seppo Liitsola, Matias Helenius.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Pool A Statistics and Team Line-Ups
5. EAST GERMANYGoaltenders: Claus Hirsche, Dieter Pürschel. Defencemen and Forwards: Dietmar Peters, Frank Braun, Wolfgang Plotka, Peter Slapke, Bernd Karrenbauer, Dieter Dewitz, Rüdiger Noack, Hartmut Nickel, Joachim Ziesche, Wilfried Rohrbach, Rainer Patschinski, Bernd Hiller, Lothar Fuchs, Reinhard Karger, Dieter Röhl, Helmut Nowy, Rolf Bielas, Peter Prusa. Coach: Rudi Schmiede.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Pool A Statistics and Team Line-Ups
6. POLANDGoaltenders: Walery Kosyl, Andrzej Tkacz. Defencemen and Forwards: Andrzej Slowakiewicz, Ludwik Czachowski, Robert Goralczyk, Marian Feter, Walenty Zietara, J. Stefaniak, Tadeusz Kacik, M. Kajzerek, K. Bialynicki, Tadeusz Obloj, Wlodzimirz Komorski, Feliks Goralzcyk, Bogdan Migacz, J. Modzelewski, St. Szewczyk, Czyslaw Ruchala, Mieczyslaw Jaskierski, Tadeusz Malicki, Stanislaw Fryzlewicz. Coach:  A. Jegorov.


1970 Ice Hockey World Championships, Ranking and statistics, European championships final standings
The final standings of the European championships according to IIHF:


1970 Icelandic Cup
The 1970 Icelandic Cup was the 11th edition of the National Football Cup.


1970 Icelandic Cup
It took place between 2 July 1969 and 14 November 1969, with the final played at Melavöllur in Reykjavik. The cup was important, as winners qualified for the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (if a club won both the league and the cup, the defeated finalists would take their place in the Cup Winners' Cup).


1970 Icelandic Cup
The top three finishers from the previous season (ÍA Akranes, ÍBK Keflavík and KR Reykjavik did not enter until the quarter finals, the other teams from the 1. Deild (first division) entered in the fourth round. In prior rounds, teams from the 2. Deild (2nd division), as well as reserve teams, played in one-legged matches. In case of a draw, the match was replayed. For the first time, reserve teams did not enter from this season.


1970 Icelandic Cup
Fram Reykjavik won their first Icelandic Cup, beating ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar in the final, and so qualifying for Europe.


1970 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1970 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. The Vandals were led by first-year head coach Don Robbins and were members of the Big Sky Conference, then in the college division of the NCAA. Without a usable stadium on their Moscow campus for a second year, they played their home games at Rogers Field at Washington State University in Pullman, Washington.


1970 Idaho Vandals football team, Season
Shortly after spring drills in May 1970, head coach Y C McNease was fired and assistant coach Robbins was promoted. With quarterbacks Steve Olson and Tom Ponciano running the offense, the Vandals were 4–7 overall and 2–2 in the Big Sky. Winless after six games, they won four straight before dropping the finale. Entering the homecoming game on October 24, Idaho had a ten-game losing streak.


1970 Idaho Vandals football team, Season
In the Battle of the Palouse, the Vandals suffered a fourth straight loss to neighbor Washington State of the Pac-8, falling 44–16 at Joe Albi Stadium in Spokane on September 19. After a scoreless first quarter, Idaho led by ten at halftime, but was then outscored 38–0. It broke a ten-game losing streak for the Cougars, and was their only win of the season. The game with WSU was not played in 1969 or 1971.


1970 Idaho Vandals football team, Season
The Big Sky added two teams this season, but the Vandals played neither. The new rivalry with Boise State began in 1971 and Idaho did not schedule Northern Arizona until 1975.


1970 Idaho Vandals football team, Season
The Vandals' former venue on campus, Neale Stadium, had been declared structurally unsafe due to soil erosion in the summer of 1969, and its south grandstand burned that November in a suspected arson. Idaho played home games at Rogers Field in Pullman in 1969 and 1970. In April 1970, Rogers Field also burned in a suspected arson, which destroyed most of the primary grandstand on the south sideline, including the press box. WSU played its home games in 1970 and 1971 in Spokane at Joe Albi Stadium. Requiring less seating capacity, Idaho continued at Rogers in 1970, with reserved seating switched to the north side and students in the unburned lower section of the south grandstand. The new Idaho Stadium opened in October 1971.


1970 Idaho Vandals football team, University division
Through 1977, the Big Sky was a college division (renamed Division II in 1973) conference for football, except for university division (Division I) member Idaho, which moved down to the new Division I-AA in 1978. Idaho maintained its upper division status in the NCAA by playing university division non-conference opponents (and was ineligible for the college division postseason).


1970 Idaho Vandals football team, All conference
Four Vandals were selected to the all-Big Sky team: wide receiver Terry Moreland, halfback Fred Riley, defensive end Tim Reese, and linebacker Ron Linehan, a repeat pick. No second team was selected.


1970 Idaho Vandals football team, NFL Draft
No Vandals were selected in the 1971 NFL Draft, which lasted seventeen rounds (442 selections).


1970 Idaho Vandals football team, NFL Draft
Three juniors were selected in the 1972 NFL Draft, also seventeen rounds.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 1970 Idaho gubernatorial election took place on November 3 to elect the Governor of Idaho, as well as Idaho's two congress members in the House of Representatives and a number of statewide offices. Incumbent Republican governor Don Samuelson sought re-election to a second consecutive term as governor. Although he faced a primary challenger, former state senator Dick Smith, he received more than 58 percent of the primary vote, and thus secured the party's re-nomination.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election
The Democratic nominee, Cecil Andrus, had previously run for Governor in 1966, after the initial Democratic nominee died in a plane crash. Andrus faced two competitors in the primary: state representative Vernon Ravenscroft and attorney Lloyd Walker. In the party primary, Andrus won a plurality of 29,000 votes (or 46 percent), and earned the Democratic nomination. During the general election campaign, issues of contention included environmental conservation, taxes, and education funding.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election
Andrus won the general election with 128,004 votes, or 52.22 percent of the ballots cast. He carried all regions of the state except for the south-central region; however, he significantly under-performed in rural areas, where Democrats usually achieved their highest margins, while exceeding expectations in the state's affluent urban areas. The general election campaign was then one of the most costly in Idaho's history; however, voter turnout was unusually low, at 67 percent of the voting-age population.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election
Despite the Democrats' victory in the gubernatorial election, their success failed to trickle down the ballot: Andrus was one of only two Democrats to win a statewide office in the election, and both of Idaho's seats in the U.S. House of Representatives remained in the hands of Republicans. The election marked the beginning of a string of Democratic gubernatorial victories in the state that would not be broken until 1994.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Background
Four years earlier, Samuelson (then a state senator) had defeated incumbent Republican governor Robert Smylie, who had been elected to three terms, in the GOP primary. Samuelson's decision to challenge Smylie was driven largely by his opposition to the governor's proposal and signing of the first sales tax in Idaho history. Samuelson had opposed the proposed sales tax while a state senator, and received 61 percent in the primary. In the general election, Samuelson had initially expected to face Democratic nominee Charles Herndon, the favorite nominee of Idaho political boss Tom Boise.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Background
However, Herndon died in a plane crash weeks before election day, and the Democrats chose state senator Cecil Andrus (who had placed second to Herndon in the primary earlier that year) as a replacement candidate. Samuelson won election by 10,800 votes, or 4.3 percentage points; more than 54,000 votes went to third-party candidates.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Background
As governor, Samuelson attracted opposition, receiving the nickname "Dumb Don" from some of his political detractors. Despite having majorities of his own party in both chambers of the state legislature, Samuelson vetoed a record 39 bills sent to him by the legislature.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Republican primary
In his bid for re-nomination by the Republican party, Samuelson faced only one challenger: former state senator Dick Smith. Smith had served as chairman of the state Board of Regents, and was known for his support for higher education. He struggled to secure enough support to qualify for the state primary, in part because he received little backing from state party officials. During his primary campaign, Smith vowed to vigorously enforce anti-pollution measures; he also criticized Samuelson for his fiscal policies. Smith received support from education communities. The Idaho State Journal forecast that Samuelson would most likely win the race, writing that "Samuelson has the lead but it's not insurmountable by any means. The odds favor him, is all."


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Republican primary
In the Republican primary, held on August 4, 1970, Samuelson secured 46,719 votes, or 58.36 percent of the ballots cast. Smith received 33,339 votes, amounting to 41.64 percent of the ballots cast. Samuelson won in all but 10 of Idaho's 44 counties.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
Three candidates competed for the Democratic party's nomination. Andrus was the front-runner and eventual winner, having lost the party's 1966 primary for the nomination to Charles Herdnon by 1.8 percent, or under 2,000 votes. Prior to his 1966 gubernatorial bid, Andrus had served three terms in the state Senate, from 1960 to 1966. Andrus drew support in the Democratic primary largely from the same areas that supported Smith in the Republican primary.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
Andrus faced two opponents in the primary: state representative Vernon Ravenscroft, who campaigned for aid to farmers and against diverting water away from farmers; and Lloyd Walker, a Twin Falls attorney whose campaign promise was the replacement of the state Commissioner of Agriculture. Ravenscroft and Andrus were both noted for having strong organizations, while Walker's was perceived as disorganized.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
Walker was noted for his aggressive attacks on Andrus, many based on an unsubstantiated claim that Andrus's alleged $25,000 in campaign funds had been largely funded by big businesses. The Idaho State Journal, however, reported that the attacks were false: Andrus's largest campaign contribution was $1,100—just $100 more than Walker's top donation—and that it came not from a business, but from a private citizen. The Journal also argued that the attacks were "getting old" and that his campaign seemed to rely on attacks and publicity stunts to get attention. However, they speculated that, of Ravenscroft and Andrus, it was Ravenscroft who lost more support due to Walker, and that should Walker exit the race, Ravenscroft might be in a much better position to beat Andrus in the primary.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
Ravenscroft ran largely on his image of a rural community-friendly candidate: he was quoted in the Idaho State Journal as saying "I'm the only one of the three that's had a shovel in my hands." Ravenscroft was unusually strong in traditionally conservative rural areas.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
By the end of the primary season, all three candidates had run out of campaign funds, which most handicapped Ravenscroft and Walker, as they had far less name recognition. The Idaho State Journal gave Andrus the advantage in the primary, writing in their July 31, 1970, issue that "The Democrats will probably elect Andrus. Ravenscroft could be close. And Walker could surprise everyone with his total on Aug. 5."


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
In the August 4, 1970 Democratic primary, Andrus won with 29,036 votes, or 46.04 percent of the vote. In second place was Ravenscroft, who received 23,369 votes, or 37.05 percent. Walker placed third in the primary, with 10,664 votes and 16.91 percent of the ballots cast.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Campaigning
For much of the election campaign, Andrus positioned himself as a moderate centrist. His campaign slogan was "A Governor for ALL Idaho." Though the public paid little attention to the race in its early months, interest in the election picked up in October, as candidates began debating the issues. Taxes, education, and environmental conservation were among the most-discussed topics in the campaign.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Campaigning
By the general election, Samuelson had acquired a poor reputation with voters. He campaigned largely on his record as a fiscal conservative, having vetoed a bill that would repeal a state law blocking local governments from increase taxes at a progressive rate. Andrus vowed to repeal the law in question if elected, a position favored by public officials in need of more revenue. Andrus also supported establishing a state-funded but locally operated kindergarten program, and argued in favor of instituting a state sales tax to fund education. Samuelson supported education funding and ran campaign ads displaying the increases in education spending during his tenure. However, he opposed instituting a state sales tax, as he had in 1966.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Campaigning
Another major issue in the campaign was a proposal to establish an open-pit mine in Idaho's White Clouds wilderness area. Andrus, in addition to Democratic Idaho Senator Frank Church and several Republican congressmen, opposed the mine, and lobbied in favor of establishing White Clouds as a National Park and Recreation Area. Samuelson supported the mine's development, however, pointing to an estimate that it would generate $4 million in revenue for the state. This position increased his popularity in Custer County, where the mine was to open; however, it did little to endear him to voters in the state's urban areas, who enjoyed vacationing at White Clouds.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Campaigning
Both campaigns enlisted high-profile speakers to appear on their candidates' behalf. Popular Democratic U.S. Senator Frank Church made many public appearances around the state to support Andrus's candidacy, while Vice President Spiro Agnew appeared in Boise on behalf of Governor Samuelson. However, Agnew's appearance was judged to have little impact outside of Boise and its surrounding communities.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Election results
The general election for Governor of Idaho (and many other statewide and local offices, including Attorney General, Lieutenant Governor, and Secretary of State, as well as the state's two seats in the House of Representatives) took place on November 3, 1970. The election saw some of the highest campaign spending in the state's history as of 1971; however, voter turnout was unusually low, at 67.9 percent (in previous elections, turnout was as high as 84 percent). Fewer votes were cast in the gubernatorial election than in any other such election since 1958.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Election results
Andrus won the election with 128,004 votes, or 52.22 percent of the vote, to Governor Samuelson's 117,108 votes, which amounted to 47.78 percent of the votes cast. Both candidates saw increases in raw votes, and in percentages of total votes, thanks in part to the fact that there were no third-party candidates in the 1970 election, while in the 1966 election there had been three, together having received more than 21 percent of the popular vote. Andrus's 10,896-vote margin of victory was within 60 votes of Samuelson's 10,842-vote margin over Andrus four years earlier.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Election results
The election saw the reversal of some long-standing trends in political allegiances: historically, the state's upper-income urban areas (most notably Boise, Twin Falls, and Idaho Falls) had strongly backed Republican candidates, while lower-income urban and rural areas traditionally supported Democratic candidates. However, in the 1970 election, Samuelson's returns were unusually strong in lower-income areas, but far weaker than expected in upper-income precincts. Conversely, Andrus carried the usually-Republican urban areas while under-performing in rural areas; he won the election having carried only 15 of the state's 44 counties.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Election results
Andrus won a majority of the votes in the state's Northern, Southwest, and Southeast regions, while he failed to carry the state's South-Central counties. Andrus lost in every county that contained no cities with more than 1,000 residents; however, he won in three of the five counties containing a city with at least 20,000 residents.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, General election, Analysis
It has been posited that the issue of the White Clouds Mountains contributed to Andrus's victory and helped him to carry the normally conservative urban areas of the state, thanks to their residents' vacationing at the mountains and opposing a mine on the land. However, the election results have also been called a "life-style choice", in favor of Andrus's conservation and education funding, as opposed to Samuelson's fiscal conservatism at the expense of social programs.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Aftermath
Andrus was the first Democrat to win a gubernatorial election in the state in 24 years. His election began the start of 24 consecutive years in which exclusively Democrats served as the state's governor: Andrus served until January 1977, when he was made the U.S. Secretary of the Interior by newly-elected President Jimmy Carter; Andrus was succeeded by John V. Evans, who served for a decade, until January 1987, when Andrus re-assumed the role of Governor by being elected to a third nonconsecutive term. Republican Philip Batt's 1994 gubernatorial election victory marked the end of the 24 years of Democratic governors in Idaho; every Idaho governor since has been a Republican.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Aftermath
Although Andrus won the election in 1970 by more than 10,000 votes and more than four percentage points, he had minimal coattails: the only other fellow Democrat to win a statewide office was attorney W. Anthony Park, who won his Attorney General election against the incumbent Republican, Robert M. Robson. Both of the state's seats in the U.S. House of Representatives remained in Republican hands, with the first district's Republican candidate winning by more than 21,000 votes (out of 133,258 cast) and the second district's Republican candidate winning by more than 34,000 votes (out of 100,925 cast).


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Aftermath
The election's results aligned with those of other gubernatorial elections across the US that year: forty-five gubernatorial elections took place in 1970, and Democrats' net gain was 11, meaning that they again controlled a majority of the statehouses.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Aftermath
A December 6, 1970, story appeared in the Idaho State Journal to discuss the state's newly divided government: although Andrus held the governorship, both the state senate and House of Representatives had heavily Republican majorities. However, the state representatives and senators felt that the difference of party labels would not be a major issue in legislating.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Aftermath
As governor, Andrus was successful in blocking the plans to open the White Clouds Mountains mine. In 2018, the White Cloud Mountains were renamed the "Cecil D. Andrus-White Clouds Wilderness" in honor of Andrus's emphasis on protecting the mountains. Andrus would remain the last gubernatorial candidate from North Idaho until 2018, when state representative Paulette Jordan received the Democratic party's nomination. She lost in the general election to Republican Brad Little.


1970 Idaho gubernatorial election, Aftermath
Ravenscroft went on to join the Republican Party, serve as their state chairman, and run for governor again in 1978, in the GOP primary. He later gained attention for his close involvement in the Sagebrush Rebellion, arguing in favor of limiting the federal government’s control of federal lands in states including Nevada and Idaho. While serving in the Carter administration, Andrus designated lands in Idaho to be protected, a decision Ravenscroft challenged in court. Ravenscroft also owned a consulting firm which specialized in natural resources, and served as a lobbyist. At the firm, he employed future Idaho congresswoman Helen Chenoweth, who in 1998, during the Monica Lewinsky scandal, disclosed that she had carried on a six-year affair with Ravenscroft while he was married.


1970 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1970 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1970 Big Ten Conference football season. In their fourth and final year under head coach Jim Valek, the Illini compiled a 3–7 record and finished in a tie for last place in the Big Ten Conference.


1970 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The team's offensive leaders were quarterback Mike Wells with 906 passing yards, running back Darrell Robinson with 749 rushing yards, and wide receiver Doug Dieken with 537 receiving yards. Dieken was selected for the second consecutive year as the team's most valuable player.


1970 Illinois elections
Elections were held in Illinois on Tuesday, November 3, 1970.


1970 Illinois elections
Additionally, on December 15, 1970, a special election was held in which Illinois voters voted in support of adopting a new proposed state constitution.


1970 Illinois elections, Election information
1970 was a midterm election year in the United States.


1970 Illinois elections, Election information, Turnout
Turnout in the primary election was 29.88%, with a total of 1,570,317 ballots cast. 819,692 Democratic and 750,625 Republican primary ballots were cast.


1970 Illinois elections, Election information, Turnout
Turnout during the general election was 69.90%, with 3,731,006 ballots cast.


1970 Illinois elections, Election information, Turnout
2,017,717 people cast ballots in the December 15 special election regarding the proposed new Illinois constitution.


1970 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States Senate
A special election was held to fill the remainder of the term of Republican Everett Dirksen, who had died in office. Republican Ralph Tyler Smith had been appointed to fill the seat after Dirksen's death, and he lost the special election to Democrat Adlai Stevenson III.


1970 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States House
All 24 Illinois seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election in 1970.


1970 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States House
No seats switched parties, so the party composition of Illinois' House delegation remained 12 Democrats and 12 Republicans.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Treasurer
Incumbent Treasurer Adlai Stevenson III, a Democrat, did not seek a second term, instead opting to run for United States Senate. Democrat Alan J. Dixon was elected to succeed him in office.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Treasurer
Since Adlai Stevenson III assumed his U.S. Senate office November 17, due to the nature of it being a special election, there was a brief vacancy in the treasurer's office before Dixon would assume office. Therefore, Governor Richard B. Ogilvie appointed Republican Charles W. Woodford to serve as treasurer from November 17 until Dixon took office on January 3.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Superintendent of Public Instruction
Incumbent  Superintendent of Public Instruction Ray Page, a Republican seeking a third term, was defeated by Democrat Michael Bakalis.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, State Senate
Seats in the Illinois Senate were up for election in 1970. While there was a 29-29 member split in the chamber after the election, Democrats flipped control of the chamber since there was a Democratic lieutenant governor (Paul Simon).


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, State House of Representatives
Seats in the Illinois House of Representatives were up for election in 1970. Republicans retained control of the chamber.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois
Elections were held to elect Trustees of University of Illinois system. This included a regularly-scheduled  election of three seats, and a special election to fill a vacancy.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois, Regular election
The regular to fill three seats saw the election new Democratic members William D. Forsyth Jr., George W. Howard III, and Earl L. Neal.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois, Regular election
Incumbent Republican Earl Edwin Walker (appointed in 1970) was not reelected. Incumbent Republican W. Clement Stone (appointed in 1969 to replace Harold Pogue following his death in office) lost reelection, running in the regular election instead of the special election to fill Pogue's seat. Second-term Democratic incumbent Howard W. Clement was not renominated. Also not renominated was Democrat Theodore A. Jones (who had been appointed in 1963, and thereafter reelected in 1964)


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois, Special election
Democrat Roger B. Pogue defeated Republican educator and Illinois State Representative Frances L. Dawson in the special election to fill the remaining two years of an unexpired term. Despite losing in the popular vote, Dawson placed first in 64 counties, while Pogue placed first in 38.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois, Special election
Incumbent Republican W. Clement Stone (appointed in 1969 to replace Harold Pogue, whose seat this had been, after his death in office), did not run in this election, instead running in the regular election for a full term.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (November 3)
Three legislatively referred constitutional amendments were on the ballot on November 3, proposing amendments to the existing 1870 Constitution of Illinois. In order to be placed on the ballot, legislatively referred constitutional amendments needed to be approved by two-thirds of each house of the Illinois General Assembly. In order to be approved, they required votes equal to a majority of those who voted in the 1970 elections, or two thirds of those voting specifically on the measure.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (November 3), Illinois Ad Valorem Tax Prohibition Amendment
The Ad Valorem Tax Prohibition Amendment, also known as "Amendment 1", prohibited the taxation of personal property by valuation.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (November 3), Illinois Anti-Pollution Amendment
The Illinois Anti-Pollution Amendment, also known as "Amendment 2", approved the Anti-pollution Bond Act.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (November 3), Illinois Banking Act Amendment
The Illinois Banking Act Amendment, also known as "Amendment 3", enabled state chartered banks to have the same powers as national banks.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (December 15)
A December 15 special election was held in which the proposed 1970 Constitution of Illinois itself was up for election, as were several constitutional convention referral items. The constitutional convention referral items would only take effect if the new constitution itself was approved.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (December 15)
The constitution and all amendments to amend it were required to be approved by at least half of all those casting ballots in the election.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (December 15), Constitution Ratification Question
Illinois voters voted on whether or not the state would adopt the 1970 Constitution of Illinois.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (December 15), Appoint All Judges Amendment
The Appoint All Judges Amendment was a ballot question which asked voters whether judges should be appointed by the governor from a list of nominees or elected by the people.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (December 15), Death Penalty Amendment
The Death Penalty Amendment proposed abolishing the death penalty in Illinois. It was defeated.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (December 15), State Representation Amendment
The Illinois State Representation Amendment was a ballot question which asked voters whether they wished to retain multi-member districts in the state legislature of switch to single-member districts.


1970 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures (December 15), Voting Age Amendment
The Voting Age Amendment proposed lowering the age of suffrage to 18. It was defeated.


1970 Indian Rajya Sabha elections
Rajya Sabha elections were held in 1970, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber.


1970 Indian Rajya Sabha elections, Elections
Elections were held in 1970 to elect members from various states. The list is incomplete.


1970 Indian Rajya Sabha elections, Elections, Members elected
The following members are elected in the elections held in 1970. They are members for the term 1970-76 and retire in year 1976, except in case of the resignation or death before the term.


1970 Indian Rajya Sabha elections, Bye-elections
The following bye elections were held in the year 1970.


1970 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1970 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1970 Big Ten Conference football season. The Hoosiers played their home games at Seventeenth Street Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by John Pont, in his sixth year as head coach of the Hoosiers.


1970 Indiana State Sycamores football team
The 1970 Indiana State Sycamores football team represented Indiana State University as an independent during the 1970 NCAA College Division football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Jerry Huntsman, the Sycamores compiled a record of 5–5.


1970 Indianapolis 500
The 54th 500 Mile International Sweepstakes was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Saturday, May 30, 1970.


1970 Indianapolis 500
Al Unser, Sr. dominated the race, winning the pole position and leading 190 laps en route to victory. He joined his brother Bobby as the first duo of brothers to win the Indianapolis 500; it was the first of his four victories at Indianapolis. Car owner Parnelli Jones, who won the race as a driver in 1963, became the second individual (after Pete DePaolo) to win separately as both a driver and as an owner.


1970 Indianapolis 500
Unser turned 31 a day earlier and took home $271,697 out of a record $1,000,002 purse. For the first time in Indy history, the total prize fund topped a million dollars.


1970 Indianapolis 500
Rain on race morning delayed the start by about thirty minutes. On the pace lap, Jim Malloy smacked the outside wall in turn four, which delayed the start further.


1970 Indianapolis 500
All 33 cars in the field were turbocharged for the first time. This was the final 500 in which the winner celebrated in the old Victory Lane at the south end of the pits; it was relocated nearer the finish line for 1971.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race schedule
The race start time was scheduled for 12:00 noon local time, a slight departure from the traditional 11:00 am start time that was used during most of the 1960s. With the race scheduled for Saturday May 30, Speedway management announced that Sunday May 31 would be the designated rain date, the first time the race would be permitted to run on a Sunday. However, despite a brief rain delay on race morning, the full 500 miles was completed Saturday, and Sunday was not needed.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race schedule
This would be the last Indy 500 that was scheduled for the traditional fixed date of May 30. Through 1970, Memorial Day was a fixed date holiday observed on May 30 regardless of the day of the week. For 1970, the date of May 30 fell on a Saturday. From 1911 to 1970, the race was scheduled for May 30, regardless of the day of the week, unless May 30 fell on a Sunday. In those cases, the race would be scheduled for Monday May 31.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race schedule
The Uniform Monday Holiday Act would take effect in 1971, and for 1971 and 1972, the race would be scheduled for the Saturday of Memorial Day weekend. In 1973, it was scheduled for Monday (but rain delayed it until Wednesday). From 1974 onward, it was scheduled for the Sunday of Memorial Day weekend. From 1974 onward, the race would only be held on May 30 if that date fell on a Sunday.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race schedule
* Includes days where trackactivity was significantlylimited due to rain


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials
Al Unser, Sr. set the fastest speed during practice, with a lap of 171.233 mph. Unser led the speed chart on five of the practice days, and was the only driver to crack the 170 mph barrier during the first two weeks. A. J. Foyt (169.173 mph) and Art Pollard (169.1 mph) were close behind.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials
John Cannon wrecked on Sunday May 10, and was unable to qualify. On Monday May 11, defending race winner Mario Andretti spun and wrecked in turn four. His car hit the inside wall twice, and the car was heavily damaged. Andretti was not injured.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials
On Tuesday May 12, Dennis Hulme's car caught fire in turn three. He bailed from the moving machine, suffering burns to his hands and feet. He withdrew due to the injuries.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Pole Day – Saturday May 16
Al Unser, Sr. won the pole position over Johnny Rutherford by 0.01 seconds, a record closest margin for the pole position at the time. A. J. Foyt rounded out the "all over 170 mph" front row. Unser's pole speed of 170.221 mph (his fastest single lap was 170.358 mph) was not a record – which marked the first time since the 1940s that two consecutive years went by without track records set during time trials at Indy.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Pole Day – Saturday May 16
Rain halted pole day qualifying at 3:42 p.m. with 17 cars in the field . A few cars (namely Lloyd Ruby, Gary Bettenhausen, and Peter Revson) were still waiting in line when the rains came. USAC officials closed the track for the day, and those cars were deemed ineligible for the pole round. In subsequent years, the rules would be changed to allow all cars in the original qualifying draw order at least one chance to make an attempt during the pole round, regardless if it extended into an additional calendar day due to rain.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Pole Day – Saturday May 16
Rookie Tony Adamowicz suffered bad luck during his attempt. On his first qualifying lap, the yellow light was turned on by error. He slowed down, and his first lap was turned in at 160.829 mph. The green light came back on moments later, and he completed the run. Although he had two laps over 166 mph, his first lap pulled his average down to 164.820 mph, and made him the second-slowest car in the field for the day.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Second Day – Sunday May 17
Three drivers shut out from the pole round came back to qualify on the second day. Peter Revson (167.942 mph) was the 9th-fastest car in the field, but lined up 18th due to being a second day qualifier. Lloyd Ruby went out for his first attempt, but when he raised his hand to signify the intent to start his attempt, the officials did not see it, and inadvertently waved him off. After he persuaded the officials for a do-over, he had a lap of 169.428 mph, but burned a piston on the fourth and final lap. The incident drew the ire of the team, as they felt the officials cost them a chance to be the day's fastest qualifier (for having run the extra laps). Ruby went out again later in the day with a new engine, but waved off after one slow lap.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Third Day – Saturday May 23
After a disappointing first weekend, Lloyd Ruby rebounded to complete his qualifying attempt at 168.895 mph. A busy day saw 14 attempts, and the field was filled to 33 cars. Two drivers (Bentley Warren and Tony Adamowicz) were bumped.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Bump Day – Sunday May 24
Jim McElreath put the fourth Foyt entry in the field, bumping Bartlett. No other cars, however, were able to show enough speed to make the field. Jigger Sirois, infamous for missing the 1969 race, fell far short in Jack Adam's Turbine car.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Start
Rain delayed the start of the race by about 25 minutes. On the final pace lap, the field was coming through turn four to take the green flag. Suddenly, Jim Malloy on the outside of the third row, suffered a rear suspension failure, and smacked the outside wall. His car veered across the track to the inside, but narrowly avoided contact with any other car. The field was halted on the mainstretch under the red flag to clean up the accident. During the delay, team were permitted to top off their fuel tanks, after burning three laps of methanol.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Start
The field was restarted after the red flag, and 32 cars took the green flag. Johnny Rutherford swept across to take the lead into turn one. Down the backstretch, Al Unser, Sr. tucked in behind, and took the lead going into turn three. Unser led the first lap.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Start
Lloyd Ruby, who started 25th, notably passed ten cars on the first lap. By the third lap, Ruby was in the top ten.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, First half
The early laps focused on the mad charge of Lloyd Ruby, who was up to 5th place by about lap 28. The yellow flag came out when Art Pollard blew an engine. Under the caution, Mario Andretti was forced to make an unscheduled pit stop to repair loose bodywork. He rejoined the race, but lost many positions.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, First half
As the race passed the 100-mile mark, Al Unser, Sr. led, with Johnny Rutherford running second, and A. J. Foyt and Lloyd Ruby battling for third.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, First half
Al Unser, Sr. led the first 48 laps. He gave up the lead to A. J. Foyt during a pit stop on lap 49. One lap later, Foyt entered the pits, giving the lead to Lloyd Ruby. Suddenly Ruby was given the black flag for smoke due to broken drive gears. Ruby's dramatic race was over after completing only 54 laps. Meanwhile, Johnny Rutherford stalled exiting the pits, losing considerable track position.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, First half
Unser re-took the lead on lap 54, and led until the halfway point. Mario Andretti once again had to make an unscheduled pit stop, this time to change the right rear tire. Through most of the race, he was experiencing handing issues with the right rear suspension.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Second half
Al Unser moved back to the front on lap 106, and he would not relinquish the lead. Johnny Rutherford, who was a factor in the first half, dropped out after 135 laps due to a broken header.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Second half
Roger McCluskey, who had dropped out on lap 62 with suspension damage, relieved Mel Kenyon on lap 112.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Second half
On lap 172, Roger McCluskey (driving for Kenyon), spun going into turn three, and crashed hard into the outside wall. Ronnie Bucknum was collected in the crash. Sammy Sessions locked up the brakes and nearly slid into the crashed cars. Sessions gained control, weaved his way through, and continued in the race. Spilled fuel started pouring from one of the crashed cars, and a small fire broke out. As the field approached the scene, several cars got into the fluid and spun. Wally Dallenbach and Jack Brabham spun but continued. Mario Andretti nearly spun out, but he made it through the scene unscathed. The fire was quickly extinguished, but the yellow light was on for over 14 minutes to clear the track.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Finish
With about 25 laps to go, Al Unser, Sr. had lapped the entire field. Unser's crew gave him the "E-Z" sign on his chalkboard, and both Mark Donohue and A. J. Foyt got their lap back.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Finish
With Unser leading comfortably, the focus became the battle for second between Mark Donohue and A. J. Foyt. With only a handful of laps left, Foyt suddenly slowed in turn one. He pulled to the apron, but stayed out on the track attempting to nurse the car to the finish line.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Race recap, Finish
Al Unser, Sr. led a total of 190 laps en route to his first Indy victory. Unser won by 32.19 seconds over second place Mark Donohue. A very slow A. J. Foyt fell to 10th in the final standings.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
The race was carried live on the IMS Radio Network. Sid Collins served as chief announcer for the 23rd consecutive year. Len Sutton served as "driver expert" for the fifth year. At the conclusion of the race, Lou Palmer reported from victory lane. The entire on-air crew remained mostly consistent from 1966-1969. The broadcast came on-air at 11:30 am local time, with a thirty-minute pre-race show scheduled. However, the rain delay increased the pre-race coverage to almost an hour. After the death of Bill Dean, Jack Morrow assumed the role of producer.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
The broadcast was carried by over 1,000 affiliates in all fifty states, AFN, the CBC, and reached locations such as Vietnam and had four foreign language translations. The broadcast had an estimated 120 million listeners worldwide.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Among the celebrity interviews Sid Collins conducted in the booth were Edie Adams, Dennis Hulme, Billy Shaw, Chris Economaki (ABC Sports), Larry Bisceglia, Sam Hanks, Pete DePaolo, Bill Holland, Senator Vance Hartke, Tony Hulman, Duke Nalon, Johnnie Parsons, and J. C. Agajanian. Astronaut Pete Conrad, who was a fellow passenger with Tony Hulman in the pace car for the second year in a row, was also interviewed during the pre-race coverage.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Chief Announcer: Sid CollinsDriver expert: Len SuttonStatistician: John DeCampHistorian: Donald Davidson


1970 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Turn 1: Mike AhernTurn 2: Howdy BellBackstretch: Doug ZinkTurn 3: Ron CarrellTurn 4: Jim Shelton


1970 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Television
The race was carried in the United States on ABC's Wide World of Sports. The broadcast aired on Saturday June 6. Jim McKay anchored the broadcast with Rodger Ward and Chris Economaki as analysts. Ward drove the pace car at the start of the race. It was the last time the "500" was not seen on over-the-air television the day of the race.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Television
For the final time, the race was shown live on MCA closed-circuit television in numerous theaters across the United States. Charlie Brockman served as anchor.


1970 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Television
The "Wide World Of Sports" broadcast has re-aired on ESPN Classic starting in May 2011.


1970 Individual Ice Speedway World Championship
The 1970 Individual Ice Speedway World Championship was the fifth edition of the World Championship.


1970 Individual Long Track European Championship
The 1970 Individual Long Track European Championship was the 14th edition of the Long Track European Championship. The final was held on 30 August 1970 in Scheeßel, West Germany.


1970 Individual Long Track European Championship
The title was won by Jon Ødegaard of Norway. It was the last time it would be known as the European Championship because as from 1971 it was opened to riders of all nations and became the World Long Track Championship.


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1970 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 25th edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship
Ivan Mauger became the first rider to win the title in three consecutive years, his five ride 15 point maximum took him to third in the all time list behind Ove Fundin and Barry Briggs. The Poles Paweł Waloszek and Antoni Woryna took silver and bronze respectively in their home nation at the Olympic Stadium.


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship, Format changes
The format of the Championship changed again for the 1970 event. This time the Polish riders were allowed six places in the World Final to be held in Poland. All other nations had to go through the European Final route to provide the remaining 10 riders for the World Final.


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship, Second Round, British/Commonwealth Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship, Second Round, Nordic Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship, Third Round, British Nordic Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship, Third Round, Continental Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship, Fourth Round, European Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1970 Individual Speedway World Championship, World Final
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1970 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Final
The 1970 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Final was the final of the twelfth season of the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. It was played on 22 and 28 April 1970 between Anderlecht of Belgium and Arsenal of England. Arsenal won the tie 4–3 on aggregate; after trailing 3–1 in the first leg, Arsenal mounted a comeback in the second with a 3–0 victory.


1970 Intercontinental Cup
The 1970 Intercontinental Cup was a football tie held over two legs in August and September 1970 between the winners of the 1969–70 European Cup, Feyenoord, and winners of the 1970 Copa Libertadores, Estudiantes de La Plata.


1970 Intercontinental Cup
The first leg was held on 26 August 1970 at La Bombonera in Buenos Aires, and ended in a 2–2 draw, with goals from Juan Echecopar and Juan Ramón Verón for Estudiantes and Willem van Hanegem and Ove Kindvall for Feyenoord. The return leg was held on 9 September 1970 at De Kuip in Rotterdam, which Feyenoord won 1–0 through a goal by Joop van Daele.


1970 Intercontinental Cup
This was the first Intercontinental Cup title for Feyenoord in their first final appearance. Feyenoord never reached the Intercontinental Cup final again before the competition was made defunct in 2004 and merged into today's FIFA Club World Cup. On the other hand, this was the third consecutive final appearance for Estudiantes, having won in 1968 and lost in 1969.


1970 International Cross Country Championships
The 1970 International Cross Country Championships was held in Vichy, France, on March 22, 1970. An alternate women's championship was held one day earlier in Frederick, Maryland, United States at the VFW Country Club, on March 21, 1970. A report on the Vichy event as well as on the Frederick event was given in the Glasgow Herald.


1970 International Cross Country Championships
Complete results for men, junior men,  women (Vichy),  women (Frederick), medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1970 International Cross Country Championships, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 211 athletes from 17 countries.


1970 International Gold Cup
The 1970 International Gold Cup was a non-championship Formula One race held at Oulton Park on 22 August 1970. The race was open to Formula One and Formula 5000 cars. It was run in two heats of 20 laps, with the winner decided on aggregate times. The starting grid for Heat 1 was decided by a qualifying session, in which John Surtees won pole position. The grid for Heat 2 was decided by the finishing order of Heat 1. John Surtees won Heat 1 and overall, narrowly beating Heat 2 winner Jochen Rindt, with Howden Ganley posting the best aggregate result of the Formula 5000 entrants. Jackie Stewart, debuting the brand-new Tyrrell 001, set fastest lap.


1970 Intertoto Cup
In the 1970 Intertoto Cup no knock-out rounds were contested, and therefore no winner was declared.


1970 Intertoto Cup, Group stage
The teams were divided into thirteen groups of four teams each, five in the 'A' region and eight in the 'B' region.


1970 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1970 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1970 Big Ten Conference football season. This was Ray Nagel's fifth and final season as head coach of the Hawkeyes.


1970 Iowa Senate election
The 1970 Iowa State Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 1970 United States elections. Iowa voters elected state senators in 27 of the state senate's 50 districts. Due to redistricting following the amending of the Iowa Constitution in 1968 mandating single-member districts, the Iowa Senate downsized from 61 to 50 members following the 1970 election. State senators typically serve four-year terms in the Iowa State Senate.


1970 Iowa Senate election
The Iowa General Assembly provides statewide maps of each district. To compare the effect of the 1968 redistricting process on the location of each district, contrast the  with the .


1970 Iowa Senate election
The primary election on June 2, 1970 determined which candidates appeared on the November 3, 1970 general election ballot. Primary election results can be obtained here. General election results can be obtained here.


1970 Iowa Senate election
Following the previous election, Republicans had control of the Iowa state Senate with 45 seats to Democrats' 16 seats. In June 1969, a special election in district 18 resulted in Sen. Orr flipping a seat in favor of the Democrats. Therefore, on election day in November 1970, Republicans controlled 44 seats and Democrats had 17.


1970 Iowa Senate election
To claim control of the chamber from Republicans, the Democrats needed to net 9 Senate seats.


1970 Iowa Senate election
Republicans maintained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1970 general election with the balance of power shifting to Republicans holding 38 seats and Democrats having 12 seats (a net loss of 6 seats for Republicans and loss of 5 seats for the Democrats).


1970 Iowa State Cyclones baseball team
The 1970 Iowa State Cyclones baseball team represented Iowa State University in the 1970 NCAA University Division baseball season. The Cyclones played their home games at Cap Timm Field. The team was coached by Cap Timm in his 29th year as head coach at Iowa State.


1970 Iowa State Cyclones baseball team
The Cyclones won the District V playoff to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Ohio Bobcats.


1970 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1970 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University in the Big Eight Conference during the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. In their third year under head coach Johnny Majors, the Cyclones compiled a 5–6 record (1–6 against conference opponents), finished in last place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 284 to 248. They played their home games at Clyde Williams Field in Ames, Iowa.


1970 Iowa gubernatorial election
The 1970 Iowa gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1970. Incumbent Republican Robert D. Ray narrowly defeated Democratic nominee Robert D. Fulton with 50.98% of the vote.


1970 Iranian local elections
The second local elections in Iran, and the first to elect the members of provincial and township councils (Anjoman), were held in September1970. 960 seats for 150 councils were up for election.


1970 Iranian local elections, Results
According to Rouhollah K. Ramazani, New Iran Party gained more than 60% of the votes and 300 out of 960 seats while Dishon et al reported the number of seats won by each party as the following:


1970 Ireland rugby union tour of Argentina
The 1970 Ireland rugby union tour of Argentina was a series of matches played between August and September in Argentina by the Ireland national rugby union team.


1970 Ireland rugby union tour of Argentina
Despite that the matches were not officially recognised by the Irish Rugby Football Union as Test matches, it was a real tour of Irish national team. At that time, the IRFU considered as official only matches against the other Home Unions, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand. It was the third tour of a "Home Union" in Argentina in three years, after Wales (1968) and Scotland (1969), and it was the second tour of an Irish side after the tour of 1952.


1970 Ireland rugby union tour of Argentina, Match details
Seleccionado del Interior: L. Capell; D. Filippa, R. Tarquini, G. Vera, M. Brandi; C. Navessi, L. Chacón; B. Casalle, J. Ghiringhelli, H. Barrera; R. Pasaglia, R. Campra (cap. ); G. Ribeca, L. Ramos (C. Bianchi), M. Senatore (C. Abud) Ireland: T. Ciernan; A. Duggan, F. Brenishan, R. Murphy, W. Brown; B. Mc Gann, J. Molones; J. Buckley, A. Moore, R. Lamont; M. Mohillo, W. Mac Bride; P. O ́Callagham, J. Lynch.


1970 Ireland rugby union tour of Argentina, Match details
Rosario: J. Seaton; R. Villavicencio, J. Benzi, C. Blanco, C. García; J. Scilabra, M. Escalante; J. L. Imhoff, M. Chesta (cap. ), J. Robin; M. Bouza, J. Mangiamelli; R. Fariello, J. Costante, F. Landó. Ireland: B. O ́Driscoll; A. Duggan, F. Brenishan, F. O ́Driscoll, T. Grace; B. Mc Gann, L. Hall; R. Lamont, A. Moore, M. Hipwell; W. Mc Bride (cap. ), P. Cassidy; S. Millar, J. Brich, J. Lynch.


1970 Ireland rugby union tour of Argentina, Match details
Argentina B: J. Seaton; N. Pérez, J. Benzi, C. Blanco, J. Otaola; T. Harris-Smith, A. Etchegaray (cap. ); N. Carbone, G. Anderson, R. Casabal; J. Retegui, R. Castro; M. Farna, J. Dumas, A. Abella. Ireland: T. Ciernan (cap. ); A. Duggan, F. O ́Driscoll, F. Brenishan, W. Brown; B. Mc Gann, J. Molones; M. Hipwell, A. Moore, J. Buckley; M. Mohillo, W. Mc Bride; S. Millar, J. Birch, P. O ́Callaghan.


1970 Ireland rugby union tour of Argentina, Match details
Argentina D: A. Bollini; P. Kember, E. Reynolds, L. Esteras, A. Stein; F. Forrester, G. Blaksley (cap. ); C. Bori, E. Elowson, J. Borghi; J. C. Anderson, J. Vorasoro; F. Insúa, G. Casas, E. Merelle. Ireland: T. Ciernan (cap. ); A. Duggan, F. O ́Driscoll, B. O ́Driscoll, W. Brown; H. Murphy, L. Hall; R. Lamont, M. Hipwell, J. Buckley; P. Cassidy, M. Mohillo; J. Lynch, P. Madigan, P. O ́Callaghan.


1970 Ireland rugby union tour of Argentina, Match details, First test
Argentina C: R. Espagnol; H. Rosatti, J. Walther (E. Word), E. Pérez Otero (G. Blaksley); G. Pimentel, M. Cutler; J. Carracedo, J. Wittman, M. Morgan; A. Orzábal, F. Hughes; H. Incola, L. Lebrón, O. Carbone. Ireland: B. O ́Driscoll; T. Grace, F. Brenishan, H. Murphy, W. Brown (J. Maloney); F. O ́Driscoll, L. Hall; R. Lamont, M. Hipwell, J. Buckley; P. Cassidy, W. Mc Bride (cap. ); J. Lynch, P. Madigan, S.  Millar.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1970 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during July and August with the final being held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on 8 August 1970.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby
There was a major breakthrough for the Irish Derby after it received sponsorship from P.J.Carroll and Co, a cigarette company who contributed £3,500 towards the event. The first prize carried a valuable £5,000 and the competition itself had £8,460 prize money in total.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby
The winner Monalee Pride won £5,000 and was trained by Gay McKenna, owned by Dave Cahill and bred by Bertie Hatton.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
With the significant rise in prize money the Irish Derby became a major target for UK connections in addition to the Irish greyhounds. The 1970 competition drew in large crowds for all rounds which included trial stakes run at different tracks around Ireland with the winners of the races receiving free entry for the main event. All 22 Irish tracks North and South of the border carried a qualifying trial stake.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
The defending champion Own Pride returned for trainer Ger McKenna and was installed as the 7-1 ante-post favourite. McAlinden Cup champion Ballyhandy Duke trained by Danny Kelly was considered a major contender but sadly the expected competition from England was missing following a rabies scare. Chicago based Dave Cashman entered Monalee Pride following the brindle dog's disappointing National Produce Stakes campaign. Monalee Pride and his litter mates had cost Cashman £4,000 to buy.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
It was Own Pride that showed first in round one after winning in a fast 29.40 which shortened his odds further. Ballyhandy Duke went well in 29.46 and other winners that impressed included Brendas Pick 29.50, Geraldine Silver 29.55 and Blackrath Motion 29.67.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
The second round nearly provided the end of Own Pride who just managed third place behind Deise Slipper. Monalee Pride 29.44 and the Tom Lynch trained Menelaus 29.48 went fastest.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
In the semi-final Own Pride bounced back to winning ways beating Geraldine Silver in 29.38. A great battle in the second semi-final ended with Ballyhandy Duke beating Monalee Pride in 29.58 and the final semi saw Menelaus defeat Fly Ally.


1970 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
Own Pride gained the perfect trap draw for the final starting from the red jacket and went off at a hot 11-8 favourite. When the traps opened Monalee Pride led unchallenged until the back straight when Own Pride got himself into a prominent position to challenge the leader. Monalee Pride kicked again to win the Derby for Gay McKenna; Own Pride come home second followed by Menelaus.


1970 Isle of Man TT
The 1970 Isle of Man TT, the fourth round of the 1970 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, involved a number of races on the Mountain Course on the Isle of Man. For the third consecutive year, Giacomo Agostini won both the Junior and Senior races, completing the six laps of the latter race in 2:13.47.6 to win by over five minutes. There were three "production" categories; Malcolm Uphill won the 750 cc, Frank Whiteway the 500 cc and Chas Mortimer the 250 cc.


1970 Isle of Man TT
German pairs won both sidecar events; Klaus Enders and Wolfgang Kalauch in the 500 cc and Siegfried Schauzu and H. Schneider in the 750 cc. Kel Carruthers won the Lightweight 250 cc race, while Dieter Braun won the Lightweight 125 cc. Braun's victory was notable because he was one of only seven riders to have won an Isle of Man TT race in their first attempt. Due to the circuit's 37.7 mile length, it usually takes competitors two or three attempts before they learn its nuances.


1970 Isle of Man TT
There were six fatalities among the competitors, including world championship contender Santiago Herrero, making this the deadliest year in the history of the Isle of Man TT.


1970 Israel Super Cup
The 1970 Israel Super Cup was the 2nd Israel Super Cup (7th, including unofficial matches, as the competition wasn't played within the Israel Football Association in its first 5 editions, until 1969), an annual Israeli football match played between the winners of the previous season's Top Division and Israel State Cup.


1970 Israel Super Cup
The match was played between Maccabi Tel Aviv, champions of the 1969–70 Liga Leumit and Hapoel Tel Aviv, runners-up in the league, as Maccabi Tel Aviv also won the 1969–70 Israel State Cup. Since Maccabi Tel Aviv won the previous season's double, the cup was officially designated as "The Liga Leumit Cup".


1970 Israel Super Cup
The match was due to be played on 14 October 1970, but was postponed due to weather conditions, and was held a week later. At the match, played at Bloomfield Stadium, Hapoel Tel Aviv won 2–1.


1970 Italian Athletics Championships
The 1970 Italian Athletics Championships was the 50th edition of the Italian Athletics Championships and were held in Rome (track & field events).


1970 Italian Athletics Indoor Championships
1970 Italian Athletics Indoor Championships was the 1st edition of the Italian Athletics Indoor Championships and were held in Genoa.


1970 Italian Grand Prix
The 1970 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza on September 6, 1970. It was race 10 of 13 in both the 1970 World Championship of Drivers and the 1970 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The race was marred by the death of Jochen Rindt, who died during the practice session on September 5. Rindt himself went on to become Formula One's only posthumous World Champion to date. The 68-lap race was won by Ferrari driver Clay Regazzoni for his first Grand Prix victory after starting from third position. Jackie Stewart finished second for the March team and Matra driver Jean-Pierre Beltoise came in third.


1970 Italian Grand Prix
This was the last time that Monza was driven for 68 laps. From 1971 onwards, the race distance would be 55 laps. It was also the last win for a driver wearing an open-face helmet in Formula One.