1966 Scottish League Cup Final
The 1966 Scottish League Cup Final was played on 29 October 1966 at Hampden Park in Glasgow and it was the final of the 21st Scottish League Cup competition. The final was contested by the Old Firm rivals Rangers and Celtic for a third consecutive year. Celtic won the match 1–0, with Bobby Lennox scoring the only goal.


1966 Scottish League Cup Final
This meant that Celtic completed the first leg of the Quadruple in 1966–67, as they won all three major Scottish domestic honours and the 1967 European Cup Final.


1966 Segunda División de Chile
The 1966 Segunda División de Chile was the 15th season of the Segunda División de Chile.


1966 Senior League World Series
The 1966 Senior League World Series took place from August 18–20 in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. East Rochester, New York defeated La Habra, California in the championship game.


1966 Sheffield City Council election
The 1966 Sheffield City Council elections were held in May, with one third of the council up for election and double vacancies in five wards - Cathedral, Ecclesall, Manor, Tinsley and Woodseats. There were no changes in seats, with overall turnout slumping to a low of 22.5% being the main story of the night.


1966 Sheffield City Council election, Election result
The result had the following consequences for the total number of seats on the Council after the elections:


1966 Singapore Grand Prix
The inaugural Singapore Grand Prix was held from 9 to 11 April 1966, on the Thomson Road Grand Prix circuit. Previous editions of the Grand Prix were held before Singapore gained its independence, and were not called Singapore Grand Prix. The 1965 Malaysian Grand Prix was held on the same course, as part of the Malaysian Grand Prix event, as the 1966 Grand Prix of Singapore.


1966 Singaporean by-elections, Background
There were 3 By-elections held within 1966, with the first triggered just 4 months the expulsion from Malaysia on 8 December 1965. Lim Huan Boon from Barisan Sosialis (BS), who started the trigger of the BS boycott of Parliament because they claimed that Singapore's independence was "phony" on the grounds that the separation matter was not discussed in the legislature and announced that all of its MPs would resign their seats and take their struggle for democracy onto the streets.


1966 Singaporean by-elections, Background
Hence, with the exception of Dr Fong Kim Heng from People's Action Party who resigned his seat on November, 6 other vacant constituencies are caused by the mass resignation from the members of BS legislators that are divided into 3 phases that triggers 3 different by-elections in the year, namely, January, March and November. The final phase of the resignation by BS legislators was made in 1967 January and hence shortly 3 months after the third by election in 1966 November, a 1967 by election was held, which is the last before 1968 general elections.


1966 Singaporean by-elections, Background, First 1966 By Election (January)
The nomination day was set at 8 January 1966 while the polling day was held 10 days later as the result of the resignation of Lim Huan Boon which translates into the vacation of Bukit Merah constituency.


1966 Singaporean by-elections, Background, Second 1966 By Election (March)
Shortly after the first in January, another 3 BS members, namely S. T. Bani, Chio Cheng Thun and Kow Kee Seng have resigned their seats as a part to boycott the parliament. Hence, it further translates into the vacant of Chua Chu Kang, Crawford and Paya Lebar constituency which sets the nomination day on 1 March 1966. However, all 3 constituencies went uncontested and returned to PAP without conducting a poll.


1966 Singaporean by-elections, Background, Third 1966 By Election (November)
BS members Chia Thye Poh and Lee Tee Tong resigned their seats. Also People's Action Party member, Dr Fong Kim Heng had resigned his seat on the grounds of poor health. With three resignations taking place, it vacates three seats, namely Bukit Timah, Joo Chiat and Jurong constituencies. Similar to the previous by election, all three seats were announced as walkovers to the People's Action Party on nomination day, 2 November 1966.


1966 Singaporean by-elections, Aftermath of 1966 By Election
The aftermath of the boycott of the Parliament sparked off mass arrests under the Internal Security Act (ISA), with notable people includes Chia Thye Poh who was detained under this Act for 22 years without any trial which became the world's second-longest incarcerated political prisoner.


1966 Singaporean by-elections, Aftermath of 1966 By Election
It is also meant the downturn of the opposition parties in Singapore as since then, Barisan Sosialis had lost all their credibility and never returned to the parliament by an elected Member of Parliament while the People's Action Party had been winning all the parliamentary seats in the General elections and By elections until 15 years later on the famous 1981 Anson By Election.


1966 Sligo Senior Football Championship
This is a round-up of the 1966 Sligo Senior Football Championship. Easkey, one of the traditional strongholds of Sligo football, claimed their fifth title, after a gap of 25 years, when overpowering the challenge of Ballymote in the final. The final had two 'lasts' to its outcome - Easkey's last title and Ballymote's last final appearance to date.


1966 Sligo Senior Football Championship, Sligo Senior Football Championship Final
Team:P. BradyM. KeaveneyR. TullyS. WeirT.J. LyonsJ.P. McGuireV. CuffeE. MullenF. LyonsP.J. SloyaneM. RooneyM. McHughG. FergusonS. CallearyM. Kenny


1966 Sligo Senior Football Championship, Sligo Senior Football Championship Final
Team:P. MullenE. HannonE. McGinleyP. McGrathJ. MattimoeB. DohertyS. KeevansS. DaveyM. HenryA. KilloranN. FarryA. MullenL. KeevansP. DockryM. Healy


1966 Smoky Mountain 200
The 1966 Smoky Mountain 200 was a NASCAR Grand National Series event that was held on July 28, 1966, at Smoky Mountain Raceway in Maryville, Tennessee.


1966 Smoky Mountain 200
The transition to purpose-built racecars began in the early 1960s and occurred gradually over that decade. Changes made to the sport by the late 1960s brought an end to the "strictly stock" vehicles of the 1950s.


1966 Smoky Mountain 200, Race report
This 200-lap race would last for nearly one and a half hours; six thousand spectators would watch an event where Richard Petty became the last-place finisher by virtue of steering problems on the 17th lap. Buddy Baker and David Pearson would dominate much of the race. Paul Lewis would go on to defeat Pearson by a time of two seconds; making it his only career victory in a car of his own ownership after starting two cars away from last in this unlikely triumph. Lewis would dominate the final 64 laps of this event and would never let go. Unfortunately, Lewis was never able to record another victory in his NASCAR Cup Series career after the end of this event.


1966 Smoky Mountain 200, Race report
Out of the 29 drivers on the grid, there was only one foreigner in the event - Canadian-born Don Biederman. Buzz Gregory became the lowest-finishing driver to finish the race; he was 84 laps behind the lead lap drivers. The number of cautions for this event was never recorded. Throughout the race, the average speed of the vehicles was 69.822 miles per hour (112.368 km/h). Notable crew chiefs that would make an appearance at this race were Herman Beam, Bob Cooper, Clair Jackson, Frankie Scott, Dale Inman and Bud Hartje.


1966 Smoky Mountain 200, Race report
1975 & 1976 Late Model Sportsman Champion and longtime Sportsman and Busch Series Veteran L.D. Ottinger made his Grand National debut; he would not return to the Cup Series until 1973. Ottinger made his last Cup race in 1984, driving for Rod Benfield and the #98 Levi Garrett team, replacing the recently released Joe Ruttman for two races. He finished 21st and 22nd at Charlotte and North Wilkesboro Speedway, respectively.


1966 Smoky Mountain 200, Race report
Buddy Baker clinched the pole position for this racing event with his top speed of 77.821 miles per hour (125.241 km/h) during solo qualifying sessions. Individual race earnings for each driver ranged from $1,000 ($7,880 when adjusted for inflation) to $100 ($788 when adjusted for inflation). The total prize purse offered for this NASCAR event was $4,940 ($38,927 when adjusted for inflation).


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina
The 1966 South African Gazelles tour in Argentina was a series of rugby union matches played in Argentina and in Chile in 1966.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina
It was the third tour of a South African representative team to Argentina, after the two Junior Springboks tours in 1932 and 1959.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina
The "Gazelles" were a team of developing players in the Under-23 age group, selected by the South African Rugby Union.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Unión Cordobesa: F. Mezquida; L. Rodríguez, J. Mancini, E. Quetglas, E. Mulle; M. Olmedo Arana, J.Del Valle; P. Demo, J. Masjoan, R. Carballo; J. Imaz (capt. ), E. Corne¬lla; G. Ribetea, C. Félix, J.Coceo. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; P. Court, S. Nomis, J. Bennet, B. Meiring; J. Barnard, D. de Villiers (capt);C. Du Pisanie, J. Wilkens, J. Ellis; E. Carelse, J. Swart; B. Alberts, G. Pitzer, G. Kotze


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Rosario: J. Seaton; E. España, J. Benzi, A. Dogliani, J. Galán; J. Caballero, C. Cristi; J. Imhoff, J.Costante, M. Chesta; H. Ferraro, M. Bouza; R. Esmendi, R. Seaton, J. Gómez Kenny. Gazelles: R. Gould; P. Court, I. Bond, S. Nomis, B. Meiring; P. Visagie, P. Uys; J. Ellis, A. De Waal, J.Marais; E. Claasen, G. Carelse; B. Alberts, B. Harrison, G. Kotze.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Tucumán: C. Ponce; N. Antoni, R. Ternavafio, J. Villafañe, G Casanova; E. Burgos, J. Frías Silva; J.C. Ghiringelli, J. Ghiringelli, J. Paz; H. Roldán, J. Lomáscolo; F. Poujada, R. Roldán, N. Du Plessis. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; P. Court, J. Bennet, S. Nomis, R. Gould; P. Visagie, P. Uys; J. Ellis, A. DeWaal, J. Wilkens; G. Carelse, J. Swart; J. Marais, G. Pitzer, G. Kotze.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Seleccionado del Interior: J. Seaton; G. Beverino, E. Quetglas, J. Benzi, L. Rodríguez; J. Caballero, C. Cristi; J. Imhoff, M. Chesta, J. Paz; M. Bouza, E. Cornella; J. Ghiringhelli, R. Seaton, G. Ríbecca. Gazelles: R. Gould; B. Meiring, J. Bennet, S. Nomis, P. Court; I. Bond, D. De Villiers; C. Du Pisanie,A. De Waal, J. Wilkens; G. Carelse, J. Swart; B. Alberts, G. Pitzer, J. Marais.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Mar del Plata: C. Marenco; A. Verde, A. Omaña, E. Corbacho, G. Beverino; L. Prieto, E. Rodríguez; H. Cabarcos, N. Cerviño, C. Etchegaray; J. Rodríguez Jurado, R. Losada; J. García, R. Mandojana,R. Sepe. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; R. Gould, J. Bennet, I. Bond, Meiring A.; B. Visagie, D. De Villiers; C. Du Pisanie, J. Wilkens, J. Ellis; G. Carelse, J. Swart; B. Alberts, B. Harrison, G. Kotze.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Seleccionado de 2ª División: O. Alonso; J. Fiordalisi, A. Pagano, G. Black, A. Ceccone; E. Poggi, C.Cullen; A. Da Milano, J. Cornejo, J. Marenco; A. Lowenthal, 0. Beltrame, E. Benito, C. Massabón, A.Marenco. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; P. Court, I. Bond, J. Bennet, B. Meiring; P. Visagie, P. Uys; D. Du Pisanie, A.De Waal, J. Ellis; J. Swart, E. Claasen; J. Marais, G. Pitzer, B. Alberts.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
C. A. San Isidro: J. Lasalle; E. Neri, M. Molina, A. Travaglini, M. Queirolo; M. Beccar Varela, A.Etchegaray; C. Calónico, J. O'Reilly, M. Puigdeval; G. Scallan, A. Pasman; C. Montes de Oca, N.González del Solar, A. Monticelli. Gazelles: R. Gould; P. Court, S. Nomis, J. Bennet, B. Meiring; I. Bond, P. Uys; J. Ellis, A. De Waal,J. Wilkens; E. Claasen, G. Carelse; J. Marais, B. Harrison, G. Kotze.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Argentina B D. Morgan; C. Cornille, L. Esteras, A. Pagano, A. Quetglas; E. Poggi, A.Etchegaray; G. Plesky, A. Dunn, J. Imhoff; A. Anthony, H. De Martini; W. Aniz, N. González del Solar,J. Ghiringelli. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; B. Meiring, S. Nomis, J. Bennet, P. Court; J. Barnard, P. Uys; C. Du Piesanie, A. De Waal, J. Ellis; G. Carelse, J. Swart; J. Marais, G. Pitzer, B. Alberts.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Belgrano A. C..: R. Tanner; C. Cornille, L. Esteras, A. Gómez Aparicio, E. De las Carreras; C.Martínez, L. Gradín; R. Loyola, E. Elowson, H. Valenzuela; M. Cole, C. Iribarren; E. Verardo, F. Gradín, G. Mc Cormick. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; R. Gould, S. Nomis, I. Bond, B. Meiring; J. Barnard, D. De Villiers; J. Ellis, J. Wilkens, C. Du Piesanie; E. Clasen, G. Carelse; B. Alberts, B. Harrison, G. Kotze.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Argentina: M. Dumas; E. Neri, A. Rodríguez Jurado, M. Pascual, H. Goti; R. Cazenave, L. Gradín; M. Chesta, M. Bouza, R. Loyola; B. Otaño, L. García Yañez; G. Mc Cormick, R. Handley, R. Foster. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; R. Gould, J. Bennet, I. Bond, B. Meiring; J. Barnard, P. Uys; C. Du Piesanie, A. De Waal, J. Ellis; G. Carelse, J. Swart; B. Alberts, G. Pitzer, J. Marais.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
C.U.B.A. :  M. Dumas; H. Goti, A. Álvarez, M. Lawson, J. Freixas; L. Zorraquín, G. Blacksley; C. Fontán, H. Miguens, J. Esteves; F. Álvarez, R. Cazabal; A. Dumas, J. Dumas, E. Gaviña. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; B. Meiring, J. Bennet, I. Bond, P. Court; P. Visagie, D. De Villiers; C. Du Piesanie, J. Wilkens, J. Marais; G. Carelse, J. Swart; B. Alberts, B. Harrison, G. Kotze.


1966 South African Gazelles rugby union tour in Argentina, Results
Argentina: M. Dumas; E. Neri, A. Rodríguez Jurado, M. Pascual, R. Cazenave; E. Poggi, L. Gradín; R. Loyola, M. Bouza, M. Chesta; B. Otaño, L. García Yañez; G. Me Cormick, R. Handley; R. Foster. Gazelles: A. Pretorius; P. Court, I. Bond, J. Bennet, B. Meiring; J. Barnard, P. Uys; C. Du Piesanie, J. Wilkens, J. Marais; J. Swart, G. Carelse; G. Kotze, G. Pitzer, B. Alberts.


1966 South African Grand Prix
The 1966 South African Grand Prix, formally titled the 12th International RAC Grand Prix of South Africa (Afrikaans: 12de Internasionale RAC Grand Prix van Suid-Afrika), was a non-championship Formula One motor race held on 1 January 1966 at Prince George Circuit, East London, South Africa. The race, run over 60 laps of the circuit, was won by British driver Mike Spence in a works Lotus-Climax. Spence won by two laps from the private Brabham-BRM of Swiss driver Jo Siffert, with fellow Briton Peter Arundell third in the other works Lotus-Climax.


1966 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 30 March 1966. The result was another comprehensive victory for the National Party under Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd.


1966 South African general election
The election marked a major strengthening of power for the ruling NP, which gained a two-thirds majority in parliament for the first time. The main opposition United Party slightly increased its share of the popular vote, but nevertheless saw its parliamentary representation considerably reduced.


1966 South African general election
The number of House of Assembly seats for White voters in South Africa had been increased from 150 to 160 by the Constitution Amendment Act of 1965. In addition, there were six seats for White voters from South-West Africa (now Namibia). There were also four seats reserved for Coloured representatives, who did not have to stand for re-election during 1966.


1966 South African general election, Coloured Representative Members
The second election for the four coloured representative members had taken place on 4 October 1961, before the (white voters only) general election on 8 October 1961. Under the Separate Representation of Voters Act 1951, the members had been elected to serve until the dissolution of the 1961–1966 Parliament.


1966 South African general election, Coloured Representative Members
The Progressive Party (PP) won the two seats representing coloured voters on the Cape Provincial Council, at an election in 1965. The National Party (NP) government became concerned at the prospect of four additional Progressive MPs being elected. The opposition United Party (UP) also feared the loss of support, if the existing four UP supported independent members were defeated.


1966 South African general election, Coloured Representative Members
Parliament passed the Separate Representation of Voters Amendment Act 1965. This legislation extended the term of the existing coloured representatives until October 1966. Further Separate Representation of Voters Amendment Acts, in 1966 and 1968, extended the term until the dissolution of what turned out to be the 1966–1970 Parliament. The coloured representation in Parliament would then be abolished.


1966 South African general election, Delimitation of electoral divisions
The South Africa Act 1909 had provided for a delimitation commission to define the boundaries for each electoral division, for general roll voters in the four provinces. The republican constitution continued the arrangements for a commission. The representation by province, under the twelfth delimitation report of 1965, is set out in the table below. The figures in brackets are the number of electoral divisions in the previous (1958) delimitation. If there is no figure in brackets then the number was unchanged.


1966 South African general election, Delimitation of electoral divisions
South-West Africa (with six seats) and the coloured representatives (4 seats), were unaffected by the general delimitation provisions.


1966 South African general election, Composition at the dissolution
The 13th Parliament since the Union of 1910 and the 1st elected after the republic was proclaimed in 1961, was dissolved in 1966. At the  time the House of Assembly consisted of two groups of members. White voters were represented by 156 general roll members and coloured voters in Cape Province by four white MPs known at the time as Coloured Representative Members (CRM).


1966 South African general election, Composition at the dissolution
The general election only affected the representatives of white voters. The other members were elected on a different date (see above).


1966 South African general election, Composition at the dissolution
Since the previous election, the United Party had absorbed the National Union, with which it had had an electoral alliance in 1961.


1966 South African general election, Composition at the dissolution
The representation by party and province, at the dissolution was:-


1966 South African general election, Results
A total of 356 candidates were nominated; 154 for the National Party, 141 for the United Party, 26 for the Progressive Party, 22 for the Republican Party, 10 for the Front Party, two independents and one Christian National Party. The Republican, Front and Conservative National groups were new right-wing parties, which had not contested previous general elections.


1966 South African general election, Results
Eighteen candidates were returned unopposed, seventeen representing the National Party and one the United Party. The Progressive Party barely kept its Houghton seat, held by Helen Suzman since her defection from the UP, winning by 117 votes.


1966 South American Basketball Championship
The South American Basketball Championship 1966 was the 20th edition of this regional tournament. It was held from December 2 to 12 in Mendoza, San Juan, Argentina. Eight teams competed.


1966 South American Basketball Championship, Results
The final standings were determined by a round robin, where the 8 teams played against each other once.


1966 South American Junior Championships in Athletics
The sixth South American Junior Championships in Athletics were held in Montevideo, Uruguay from October 9–14, 1966. For the first time, women's events were included.


1966 South American Junior Championships in Athletics, Participation (unofficial)
Detailed result lists can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website. An unofficial count yields the number of about 159 athletes from about 6 countries:  Argentina (36), Brazil (36), Chile (33), Paraguay (11), Peru (22), Uruguay (21).


1966 South American Junior Championships in Athletics, Medal summary
Medal winners are published for men and womenComplete results can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website.


1966 South Carolina Gamecocks football team
The 1966 South Carolina Gamecocks football team represented the University of South Carolina in the Atlantic Coast Conference in the 1966 NCAA University Division football season. The Gamecocks finished the season 1–9 overall.


1966 South Carolina Gamecocks football team
Paul Dietzel, who coached LSU to the national championship in 1958 and another Southeastern Conference championship in 1961, became South Carolina's coach after four seasons at Army. Ironically, Dietzel's first game leading the Gamecocks was against LSU at Baton Rouge. The Tigers won 28-12.


1966 South Carolina gubernatorial election
The 1966 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1966 to select the governor of the state of South Carolina, USA. It marked the first time since the gubernatorial election of 1938 that the Democratic candidate faced opposition from a Republican candidate. Governor Robert Evander McNair prevailed as the winner of the election and continued as the 108th governor of South Carolina, but Joseph O. Rogers, Jr. had a respectable showing for the first Republican candidate in 28 years.


1966 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Primaries
Both Governor McNair and Joseph O. Rogers, Jr. faced no opposition in their party's primaries which allowed both candidates to concentrate solely on the general election.


1966 South Carolina gubernatorial election, General election
The general election was held on November 8, 1966 and Robert Evander McNair was elected to continue his term as governor of South Carolina. Turnout was the highest for any gubernatorial election since because it was the first time in 90 years that there was a competitive gubernatorial election.


1966 South Dakota Coyotes football team
The 1966 South Dakota Coyotes football team was an American football team that represented the University of South Dakota in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1966 NCAA College Division football season. In its first season under head coach Joe Salem, the team compiled a 5–5 record (2–4 against NCC opponents), finished in a three-way tie for fourth place out of seven teams in the NCC, and outscored opponents by a total of 225 to 160. The team played its home games at Inman Field in Vermillion, South Dakota.


1966 South Dakota gubernatorial election
The 1966 South Dakota gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1966.


1966 South Dakota gubernatorial election
Incumbent Republican Governor Nils Boe defeated Democratic nominee Robert Chamberlin with 57.71% of the vote.


1966 South Pacific Games
The 1966 South Pacific Games, held at Nouméa in New Caledonia from 8–18 December 1966, was the second edition of the South Pacific Games.


1966 South Pacific Games, Sports
Twelve sports were contested at the 1966 South Pacific Games:


1966 South Pacific Games, Final medal table
In a significant turnaround of fortunes backed by French government investment, New Caledonia took the mantle at the top of the medal table from Fiji and French Polynesia obtained third position.


1966 South Pacific Games, Notes
Men's and women's basketball (five-a-side) competitions were held. A women's netball competition (seven-a-side) was also held.


1966 South Pacific Games, Notes
A 100 km individual road race and 70 km team road race were held, as well as events for 1 km time trial, 4 km individual pursuit, 1km sprint, and 4km Olympic pursuit.


1966 South Pacific Games, Notes
The sports of tennis and table tennis had three competitions each. These were all team events (i.e. competitions for men's, women's and mixed teams).


1966 South Vietnamese Constitutional Assembly election
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in South Vietnam on 11 September 1966. A total of 532 candidates contested the 117 seats. The Assembly drafted and approved a new constitution, which was promulgated the following year.


1966 South Vietnamese Constitutional Assembly election, Electoral system
The electoral system used the 44 provinces of South Vietnam as districts. Each province was one district, except the city of Saigon, which was divided into three districts, and Gia Định, which was divided into two districts. Provinces that elected more than one member used proportional representation with seats allocated using the d'Hondt method, while provinces that only elected one member used the first-past-the-post system.


1966 Southeastern 500
The 1966 Southeastern 500 was a NASCAR Grand National Series event that was held on March 20, 1966, at Bristol International Speedway in the Bristol, Tennessee.


1966 Southeastern 500
The transition to purpose-built racecars began in the early 1960s and occurred gradually over that decade. Changes made to the sport by the late 1960s brought an end to the "strictly stock" vehicles of the 1950s.


1966 Southeastern 500, Race report
Five hundred laps were done on a paved oval track spanning 0.500 miles (0.805 km). The total time of the race was three hours, twenty-four minutes, and twenty-six seconds. There were seven cautions for 92 laps. Speeds were: 69.952 miles per hour or 112.577 kilometres per hour and 86.248 miles per hour or 138.803 kilometres per hour for the pole position speed (accomplished by David Pearson). Dick Hutcherson defeated Paul Lewis by outlapping him more than four times; resulting in Ford's 200th win. The Ray Nichels team had also used the #9 for Larry Frank's entry at Daytona earlier in the season. They also had Don White run multiple car numbers in the 1966 season, so they weren't always consistent with them.


1966 Southeastern 500, Race report
Richard Petty had an injured finger and could not participate in this race; Jim Paschal had to take over as the relief driver.


1966 Southeastern 500, Race report
Twenty-five thousand fans saw thirty-two drivers start a race that only seven would complete. Attrition levels were worse in this Bristol race than it is in the 2010 NASCAR Cup Series season; a rare instance where lower speeds on a track are more dangerous than faster speeds. By contrast, the 2010 Food City 500 would see an average speed of 79.618 miles per hour or 128.133 kilometres per hour and a pole position speed of 124.63 miles per hour or 200.57 kilometres per hour with only eight drivers not being able to complete the race.


1966 Southeastern 500, Race report
The total winnings for the race were $21,735 in American dollars ($171,272 when inflation is taken into effect). Notable crew chiefs for this race were Bud Hartje, Frankie Scott, Jake Elder, Jack Sullivan and Herman Beam.


1966 Southeastern 500, Finishing order
† signifies that the driver is known to be deceased * Driver failed to finish race


1966 Southern 500
The 1966 Southern 500, the 17th running of the event, was a NASCAR Grand National Series event that was held on September 5, 1966, at Darlington Raceway in Darlington, South Carolina.


1966 Southern 500
The transition to purpose-built racecars began in the early 1960s and occurred gradually over that decade. Changes made to the sport by the late 1960s brought an end to the "strictly stock" vehicles of the 1950s.


1966 Southern 500, Background
Darlington Raceway, nicknamed by many NASCAR fans and drivers as "The Lady in Black" or "The Track Too Tough to Tame" and advertised as a "NASCAR Tradition", is a race track built for NASCAR racing located near Darlington, South Carolina. It is of a unique, somewhat egg-shaped design, an oval with the ends of very different configurations, a condition which supposedly arose from the proximity of one end of the track to a minnow pond the owner refused to relocate. This situation makes it very challenging for the crews to set up their cars' handling in a way that will be effective at both ends.


1966 Southern 500, Background
The track is a four-turn 1.366 miles (2.198 km) oval. The track's first two turns are banked at twenty-five degrees, while the final two turns are banked two degrees lower at twenty-three degrees. The front stretch (the location of the finish line) and the back stretch is banked at six degrees. Darlington Raceway can seat up to 60,000 people.


1966 Southern 500, Background
Darlington has something of a legendary quality among drivers and older fans; this is probably due to its long track length relative to other NASCAR speedways of its era and hence the first venue where many of them became cognizant of the truly high speeds that stock cars could achieve on a long track. The track allegedly earned the moniker The Lady in Black because the night before the race the track maintenance crew would cover the entire track with fresh asphalt sealant, in the early years of the speedway, thus making the racing surface dark black.


1966 Southern 500, Background
Darlington is also known as "The Track Too Tough to Tame" because drivers can run lap after lap without a problem and then bounce off of the wall the following lap. Racers will frequently explain that they have to race the racetrack, not their competition. Drivers hitting the wall are considered to have received their "Darlington Stripe" thanks to the missing paint on the right side of the car.


1966 Southern 500, Race report
A field of 44 drivers competed for a total purse of $67,960 ($535,525 when adjusted for inflation). The media was displeased with the treatment that they received from NASCAR after a terminal crash by Earl Balmer almost wiped out the press box. As a result, they petitioned the president of the track, Bob Colvin, threatening not to be responsible for any loss of life should another terminal crash injure or kill a member of the media.


1966 Southern 500, Race report
LeeRoy Yarbrough won the pole position with a qualifying speed of 140.058 miles per hour (225.402 km/h). Darel Dieringer passed Richard Petty with seven laps to go and stormed to the win. There were 28 lead changes and 8 cautions for 80 laps, and the race lasted four hours and twenty-one minutes. This race was scheduled for 364 laps on a paved oval track spanning 1.375 miles (2.213 km), for a total distance of 500.5 miles (805.5 km). The average race speed was 114.830 miles per hour (184.801 km/h).


1966 Southern 500, Race report
Twelve engine failures were recorded during the course of the race along with two terminal crashes along with several other reasons that drivers failed to finish the race. By modern standards, this was considered to be a competitive Southern 500; with 6 laps separating the top ten along with the leaders on the same lap; allowing the race to come to an exciting conclusion.


1966 Southern 500, Race report
Driveshaft problems forced Jimmy Helms out of the race on lap 1 while transmission issues forced Jerry Grant to leave on lap 7. Doug Cooper's vehicle developed engine problems on lap 16. Buck Baker had similar problems on lap 22 and Wayne Smith's vehicle had a faulty engine on lap 26. Buddy Arrington had a good race until lap 50 when his engine stopped working. Engine problems would claim the vehicles on Bobby Johns on lap 56. Bobby Allison was picked in a motorsports writers and broadcasters poll as the overall favorite to win the race. Allison's 36th place finish, however, proved that even the best motorsports writers cannot pick a winner every time. Allison had qualified for the race in 33rd place and would retire from the race on lap 71 due to engine problems.


1966 Southern 500, Race report
Valve issues would take out Stick Elliott on lap 78. Earl Brooks would suddenly have a faulty engine in his vehicle on lap 120 while Blackie Watt had similar issues on lap 172. Bob Derrington and Eddie MacDonald made their final NASCAR appearances. Earl Balmer's ride with the guardrail would result in his unfortunate accident on lap 185; where he would end up with a 30th-place finish. Tiny Lund would notice engine failure on lap 248 while Frank Warren had the same issue on lap 305. Paul Goldsmith pulled out of the race due to engine problems on lap 345. The final DNF of the race would be Curtis Turner's crash on lap 348.


1966 Southern 500, Race report
Notable crew chiefs to actively participate in the race were Harry Hyde, Bud Hartje, Dale Inman, Frankie Scott, Shorty Johns, and Herman Beam.


1966 Southern 500, Finishing order
† signifies that the driver is known to be deceased * Driver failed to finish race


1966 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1966 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament took place from February 24–26, 1966 at the original Charlotte Coliseum in Charlotte, North Carolina. The Davidson Wildcats, led by head coach Lefty Driesell, won their first Southern Conference title and received the automatic berth to the 1966 NCAA Tournament.


1966 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
The top eight finishers  of the conference's nine members were eligible for the tournament. Teams were seeded based on conference winning percentage. The tournament used a preset bracket consisting of three rounds.


1966 Southern Illinois Salukis football team
The 1966 Southern Illinois Salukis football team was an American football team that represented Southern Illinois University (now known as Southern Illinois University Carbondale) as an independent during the 1966 NCAA College Division football season. Under first-year head coach Ellis Rainsberger, the team compiled a 4–5–1 record. The team played its home games at McAndrew Stadium in Carbondale, Illinois.


1966 Southern Miss Southerners football team
The 1966 Southern Miss Southerners football team was an American football team that represented the University of Southern Mississippi as an independent during the 1966 NCAA University Division football season. In their eighteenth year under head coach Thad Vann, the team compiled a 6–4 record.


1966 Southwestern Louisiana Bulldogs football team
The 1966 Southwestern Louisiana Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented the University of Southwestern Louisiana (now known as the University of Louisiana at Lafayette) in the Gulf States Conference during the 1966 NCAA College Division football season. In their sixth year under head coach Russ Faulkinberry, the team compiled a 6–4 record.


1966 Soviet Class A Second Group
The 1966 Soviet Class A Second Group was the fourth season of the Soviet Class A Second Group football competitions that was established in 1963. It was also the 26th season of the Soviet second tier league competition.


1966 Soviet Class B
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Frietjes (talk | contribs) at 22:47, 18 March 2020 (expand templates per Fb team TfD outcome and Fb competition TfD outcome and Fb cl TfD outcome and Fb rbr TfD outcome). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1966 Soviet Class B
1966 Soviet Class B was a Soviet football competition at the Soviet third tier.


1966 Soviet Union legislative election
Elections to the seventh Supreme Soviet were held in the Soviet Union on 12 June 1966.


1966 Soviet Union legislative election, Electoral system
Candidates had to be nominated by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) or by a public organisation. However, all public organisations were controlled by the party and were subservient to a 1931 law that required them to accept party rule. The CPSU itself remained the only legal one in the country.


1966 Soviet Union legislative election, Electoral system
Voters could vote against the CPSU candidate if they wished, but could only do so by using polling booths, whereas votes for the party could be cast simply by submitting a blank ballot. Turnout was required to be over 50% for the election to be valid.


1966 Soviet Union legislative election, Candidates
CPSU candidates accounted for around three quarters of the nominees, whilst many of the others were members of Komsomol.


1966 Soviet nuclear tests
The Soviet Union's 1966 nuclear test series was a group of 18 nuclear tests conducted in 1966. These tests  followed the 1965 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1967 Soviet nuclear tests series.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation
The 1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation (Russian: Подводная кругосветка советских атомоходов), was announced to be the second submerged around-the-world voyage executed by the detachment of the nuclear powered submarines that served in the Soviet Navy.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation
The expedition was an early example of blue-water operations and the power projection of the Soviet Union through its Navy's nuclear-powered submarine fleet, and it paved the way for future operations during the latter half of the Cold War. The Soviet expedition took place nearly six years after the first complete submerged circumnavigation of the world undertaken by the U.S. Navy's nuclear-powered submarine Triton in 1960.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation
Technically speaking, this Soviet submerged circumnavigation was not a true "circumnavigation" since the submarine detachment went from the Soviet's Northern Fleet in the area of the Kola Peninsula to the Pacific Fleet base in Kamchatka going around South America and consequently did not go completely around the world as did the USS Triton.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Background
The Soviet Union took the significantly different approach for the development of its nuclear submarine program from the route undertook by the United States for their submarine program. While the first generation U.S. Navy's nuclear submarines were experimental vessels that could carry out operational missions, the Soviet Navy opted for the immediate series production for its ballistic missile submarine introducing the Hotel, Echo, and November classes (NATO names), that featured the vertical launching system platform which were known collectively as the HEN classes. While more capable in many respects than early U.S. nuclear submarines, early Soviet nuclear submarines also experienced significant problems with their reactor plants, and remedial action was required to correct these technical deficiencies.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Background
Consequently, the Soviet Navy could not deploy any nuclear-powered submarines in support of Operation Anadyr, the Soviet nuclear-armed ballistic missile build-up in Cuba which caused the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Operational summary
The first submerged circumnavigation by a detachment (Russian: отряд; otryad) of submarines was undertaken by two submarines under the overall command of Rear Admiral Anatoliy Ivanovich Sorokin. The detachment departed from the Red Banner Northern Fleet on 1 February 1966. Planning for the mission was credited to Admiral Vladimir Chernavin, then the commander of a Northern Fleet division of submarines and later to become Commander-in-Chief of the Soviet Navy. The detachment's sailing orders from the Main Naval Staff read in part:


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Operational summary
You will be passing through seas and oceans where Russian sailors have not traveled in more than 100 years. We firmly believe that you will successfully surmount all difficulties and carry the Soviet Navy Flag with honor through three oceans and many seas.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Operational summary
The detachment consisted of the Project 627 (November-class) attack submarine K-133 under the command of Captain 2nd Rank V.T. Vinogradov and the Project 675 (Echo II-class) cruise missile submarine K-116 under the command of Captain 2nd Rank L.N. Stolyarov, with K-116 serving as the detachment's flagship. The oceanographic salvage ship Polyus escorted the submarines during their transit.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Operational summary
The detachment crossed the Barents Sea, the Norwegian Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean via the Drake Passage which, according to Academian A.M. Chepurov, was the most dangerous phase of the voyage. Concerns included icebergs and collisions with whales. The ships' personnel participated in line-crossing ceremonies when the detachment crossed the Equator. They also celebrated the landing of the Soviet space probe Venera 3 on the surface of the planet Venus. The detachment completed its circumnavigation by arriving at the Pacific Fleet submarine base in Vilyuchinsk on 26 March 1966, having covered 21,000 nmi (39,000 km; 24,000 mi) in 52 days. The detachment reportedly encountered numerous U.S. naval vessels during its around the world voyage, but successfully avoided detection.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Aftermath
The circumnavigation served an immediate political purpose because the mission was dedicated to the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The voyage provided a showcase for the capabilities of the Soviet Navy's nuclear submarine fleet as well as the professionalism of its personnel. Approximately one-third of the detachment personnel were members of Communist Party of the Soviet Union,  and the rest were Komsomol members. Scientific studies were carried out during the voyage. Shipboard systems, tactical coordination, communications, and training were also carried out under a variety of climatic conditions. The timing of circumnavigation's completion coincided with discussions regarding the upcoming Five-Year Defense Plan. Minister of Defense Rodion Malinovsky addressed the 23rd Congress on 2 April 1966:


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Aftermath
In recent years, the number of long cruises by our nuclear submarines have increased by 5-fold and they have clearly demonstrated the capability of our glorious sailors to successfully carry out any mission in the ocean expanses from the Arctic to Antarctic. Several days ago an around-the-world cruise by a group of nuclear submarines traveling submerged was successfully concluded.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Aftermath
The announcement was reportedly "greeted with stormy applause." Admiral Sorokin was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union from Nikolai Podgorny, the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. K-133 commander Vinogradov, chief engineer S.P. Samsonov, and three other participants were awarded the titles of Heroes of the Soviet Union. The New York Times reported the voyage in the following UPI dispatch dated 8 April 1966:


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Aftermath
A squadron of nuclear-powered Soviet missile submarines kept a close watch on American planes and ships encountered during a recent around-the-world voyage, Krasnaya Zvezda said today. An officer who made the six-week tour as a special correspondent reported in the Defense Ministry newspaper that American planes and ships were detected several times. "Every time the necessary measures were taken on board the atomic submarines," he said.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Aftermath
On one occasion, when his submarine rose to periscope depth, he said, a United States plane was sighted and "we dived lower so as not to whet the appetites of the antisubmarine forces of the imperialists." "Of course, we had nothing to be afraid of," he added. "We crossed the seas and oceans strictly observing the international rules of navigation"


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Aftermath
The unnamed naval officer cited in the above article was undoubtedly Captain 2nd Rank G.A. Savichek.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Legacy
While this submerged circumnavigation by a group of submarines received little notice outside of Soviet naval circles, Soviet nuclear submarine operations took on an increasingly blue-water orientation. In 1968, a November-class submarine successfully tracked a carrier task group led by the nuclear aircraft carrier Enterprise much to the surprise of U.S. naval intelligence. Also, the Soviet Navy deployed its first true nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, the Yankee class, which began its first nuclear deterrence patrol in June 1969.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Legacy
A detachment of two nuclear submarines, one of them a ballistic missile submarine, subsequently undertook a second around-the-world voyage, departing from the Barents Sea on January 5, 1976, and following a route similar to the one taken in 1966. The detachment commander, Captain 1st Rank Valentin Y. Sokolov, was personally selected by Admiral Sergey Gorshkov, the Commander-in-Chief of the Soviet Navy, to command this detachment. This strategic deterrence patrol included operations in the North Atlantic. During its transit of the South Pacific, the detachment discovered a previously unknown ocean current. The detachment transferred to the Kamchatka Flotilla of the Soviet Pacific Fleet after 70 days at sea.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Legacy
For the Soviet Navy itself, its blue-water aspirations culminated in OKEAN, a 1970 worldwide naval exercise. This feat was replicated with OKEAN 75, a three-week follow-up held in April–May 1975. Soviet Defense Minister Andrey Grechko declared:


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Legacy
The Okean maneuvers were evidence of the increased naval might of our socialist state, an index of the fact our Navy has become so great and strong that it is capable of executing mission in defense of our state interests over the broad expanses of the World Oceans.


1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation, Legacy
The impact of this Soviet naval expansion was summarized by Admiral of the Fleet Sir Peter Hill-Norton, RN, the chairman of NATO's military staff committee, who observed: "The U.S. had never previously faced a global threat to its sea-lane communications from a mix of subsurface, surface and maritime-air naval forces. This is a strategic change of kind, not of degree."


1966 Spanish organic law referendum
A referendum on the new constitution or organic law was held in Spain on 14 December 1966, with all Spaniards over age 21 being allowed to participate. The question asked was "Do you approve of the Organic Law of the State Bill?" (Spanish: ¿Aprueba el Proyecto de Ley Orgánica del Estado?). It was reportedly approved by 98.1% of valid votes on a turnout of 88.8%.


1966 Spanish organic law referendum
The Organic Law took effect as of January 1, 1967, and remained in place until the Spanish Constitution of 1978 was enacted by a referendum the same year, following Franco's death and the resumption of parliamentary government through a fully and directly elected assembly.


1966 Spanish organic law referendum, The Law
The new constitution, the Organic Law of the State (Spanish: Ley Orgánica del Estado), stipulated a slight restraint on General Francisco Franco's autocratic powers as the Head of State, limiting such powers to the formulation of general state policy, representing Spain in foreign relations as well as to ratifying treaties and exercising supreme command of the Armed Forces and serving as the head of the Movimiento Nacional—the coalition of political, economic and military sectors supporting the dictatorship.


1966 Spanish organic law referendum, The Law
The proposed Organic Law also designated an office of "Chief of Government" that would manage the day-to-day operations of the government and be responsible to the Cortes for a government program alongside the Government, as well as carrying out the general policy of the State formulated by the Head of State. Such an office would be separate and independent from that of Head of State—in practice, both would be held concurrently by Franco himself until 1973—serving terms of five years, nominated by the Council of the Realm and approved by the Head of State. After a Law of Succession was approved in a 1947 referendum, the Headship of State would to be replaced by that of King of Spain with the same authorities and functions after Franco's death.


1966 Spanish organic law referendum, The Law
The choice of heir belonged to the Head of State alone, to be confirmed in the Cortes Españolas by a two-thirds majority and subsequently passed on through inheritance. The Organic Law also included that the Council of the Realm be reduced from 17 members to 13 (ten elected by the Cortes, seven appointed by the Chief of State), and the Cortes from 611 deputies to 403 (108 directly-elected, 25 appointed by the Head of State, with the rest elected by corporate bodies), and confirmed freedom of religion for Spanish Jews and Protestants. The Cortes was also given greater legislative powers by the Law.


1966 Spanish organic law referendum, Results
Do you approve of the Organic Law of the State Bill?


1966 Spanish organic law referendum in Spanish Sahara
A referendum on the new constitution or organic law of Spain was held in Spanish Sahara on 14 December 1966 as part of the wider Spanish referendum. The Organic Law of the State (Spanish: Ley Orgánica del Estado) was approved by 94.6% of voters in Spanish Sahara and 98.1% of voters overall.


1966 Special Honours (New Zealand)
The 1966 Special Honours in New Zealand were two special honours lists, dated 4 March and 23 September 1966, in which a judge and a soldier were recognised.


1966 Speedway World Team Cup
The 1966 Speedway World Team Cup was the seventh edition of the FIM Speedway World Team Cup to determine the team world champions.


1966 Speedway World Team Cup
The final took place in Wrocław, Poland. The title was won by Poland for the third time.


1966 Speedway World Team Cup, World final
Andrzej Wyglenda - 11 (3,2,3,3)Antoni Woryna - 11 (3,2,3,3)Marian Rose - 10 (1,3,3,3)Andrzej Pogorzelski - 8 (3,3,2,ef)Edmund Migoś - NS


1966 Speedway World Team Cup, World final
Boris Samorodov - 10 (2,3,2,3)Igor Plekhanov - 6 (2,1,1,2)Viktor Trofimov - 6 (2,2,1,1)Farid Szajnurov - 4 (2,1,0,1)Yuri Chekranov - NS


1966 Speedway World Team Cup, World final
Bjorn Knutsson - 11 (3,3,3,2)Leif Enecrona - 4 (1,2,1,-) Göte Nordin - 3 (1,1,1,0) Ove Fundin - 2 (ef,-,0,2) Leif Larsson - 2 (-,0,-,2)


1966 Speedway World Team Cup, World final
Nigel Boocock - 4 (F,1,2,1)Ivan Mauger - 3 (0,ef,2,1)Barry Briggs - 1 (1,0,0,ef)Terry Betts - 0 (0,0,-,0)Colin Pratt - 0 (-,-,0,-)


1966 St Kilda Football Club season
The 1966 St Kilda Football Club season is the most successful season in St Kilda Football Club history. It currently stands as the only premiership season for St Kilda since its entry into the VFL. The Saints season in 1966 also saw St Kilda win every home game, including the Grand Final rematch in round 8.


1966 St Kilda Football Club season
Although 1966 was St Kilda's first premiership season, the club had been to the VFL Grand Final in 1913 and more recently, 1965. Leading up to the premiership season, St Kilda had played finals football in both the 1961 and 1963 seasons.


1966 St Kilda Football Club season
That they won the 1966 flag was perhaps more surprising given the success of the season prior, in which the Saints finished minor premiers before winning the Second Semi Final in a thrilling one-point victory over Collingwood, and losing to Essendon in the Grand Final.


1966 St. John's Redmen baseball team
The 1966 St. John's Redmen baseball team represented the St. John's University in the 1966 NCAA University Division baseball season. The Redmen played their home games at Alley Pond Park. The team was coached by Jack Kaiser in his St. John's University in his 11th year at St. John's.


1966 St. John's Redmen baseball team
The Redmen won District II to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Oklahoma State Cowboys.


1966 St. Louis Cardinals (NFL) season
The 1966 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 47th season the team was in the National Football League (NFL), and the seventh in St. Louis. The team moved its home games from the old Busch Stadium to the new Busch Stadium in downtown St. Louis, and bettered their 1965 record of 5–9, winning eight games. Despite the improvement, they failed to qualify for the playoffs for the 18th consecutive season.


1966 St. Louis Cardinals (NFL) season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season
The 1966 St. Louis Cardinals season was the team's 85th season in St. Louis, Missouri and its 75th season in the National League. The Cardinals went 83–79 during the season and finished sixth in the National League, 12 games behind the Los Angeles Dodgers.


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Regular season
This season marked the final time the Cardinals played in Sportsman's Park/Busch Stadium I, as they played their final home game at that ballpark on May 8, losing to the San Francisco Giants, 10–5. Busch sought to replace the increasingly inadequate Busch Stadium (formerly Sportsman's Park) with a modern facility in a better location. The result was a new multi-purpose, $25 million concrete stadium, also named for Busch's father – Busch Memorial Stadium, also known as Busch II.


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Regular season
The Cardinals moved into Busch II four days later, and defeated the Atlanta Braves, 4–3 in 12 innings. On July 12, the Cardinals hosted the 1966 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at their new stadium, in 105 degree heat and humidity, with the NL defeating the AL, 2–1 in ten innings. Busch Memorial Stadium was where the Cardinals would play baseball until the end of 2005.


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Regular season
Later derided as a facsimile of the bland, cookie-cutter "multi-purpose stadia" built in multiple locations of the United States during the 1960s and 1970s, Busch Memorial achieved a measure of popularity among St. Louis fans in a way that its cousins in Philadelphia, Atlanta, Pittsburgh, and Cincinnati did not, perhaps due in part to the success of the teams which played there, and perhaps also due to the distinctive roof arches added by architect Edward Durrell Stone — unique touches meant to echo the city's new iconic monument (completed at nearly the same time), the Gateway Arch.


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Regular season
Pitcher Bob Gibson and outfielder Curt Flood won Gold Gloves this year.


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1966 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1966 Stanford Indians football team
The 1966 Stanford Indians football team represented Stanford University during the 1966 NCAA University Division football season.


1966 Stanford Indians football team, Season
The Indians were coached by John Ralston in his fourth season. The team was 4–1 outside their conference, but won only one conference game, defeating rival California for the sixth straight season, establishing the longest winning streak by one team in the Big Game until the 2001 Stanford team surpassed the record.


1966 Stanley Cup Finals
The 1966 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1965–66 season, and the culmination of the 1966 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested by the Detroit Red Wings and the defending champion Montreal Canadiens. The Canadiens won the best-of-seven series, four games to two, to win the Stanley Cup for the seventh time in eleven years.


1966 Stanley Cup Finals, Paths to the Finals
Montreal defeated the Toronto Maple Leafs 4–0 to advance to the finals, and Detroit defeated the Chicago Black Hawks 4–2.


1966 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
With this series, Toe Blake had coached the Canadiens to seven Cups in eleven years. Henri Richard, a member of all seven championship teams, would score the series winner in game six in overtime. Two minutes into the extra period, Richard broke in on Red Wing goalie Roger Crozier, lost his footing on the newly resurfaced ice as he cut across the goalmouth, and sprawled into Crozier. The puck went in, and even though Crozier and the Wings protested that Richard had pushed the puck in with his hand, the goal stood. His brilliant play in goal, even in defeat, earned Crozier the Conn Smythe Trophy as the most valuable player in the playoffs, becoming the first player to win the award as a member of the losing team.


1966 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving
The 1966 Stanley Cup was presented to Canadiens captain Jean Beliveau by NHL President Clarence Campbell following the Canadiens 3–2 win over the Red Wings in game six.


1966 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving
The following Canadiens players and staff had their names engraved on the Stanley Cup


1966 Stanley Cup Finals, Broadcasting
In 1966, NBC became the first television network in the United States to air a national broadcast of a Stanley Cup Playoff game. The network provided coverage of four Sunday afternoon playoff games during the 1965–66 postseason. On April 10 and April 17, NBC aired semifinal games between the Chicago Black Hawks and the Detroit Red Wings. On April 24 and May 1, NBC aired Games 1 and 4 of the Stanley Cup Finals between the Montreal Canadiens and the Detroit Red Wings. Win Elliot served as the play-by-play man while Bill Mazer served as the color commentator for the games.


1966 Stanley Cup Finals, Broadcasting
NBC's coverage of the 1966 Stanley Cup Finals marked the first time that hockey games were broadcast on network television in color. The CBC would follow suit the following year. NBC's Stanley Cup coverage preempted a sports anthology series called NBC Sports in Action, hosted by Jim Simpson and Bill Cullen, who were between-periods co-hosts for the Stanley Cup broadcasts.


1966 Star World Championships
The 1966 Star World Championships were held in Kiel, West Germany in 1966.


1966 Star World Championships, Results
Legend: DNF – Did not finish; DNS – Did not start; DSQ – Disqualified; WDR – Withdrew;


1966 State of the Union Address
The 1966 State of the Union Address was given by Lyndon B. Johnson, the 36th president of the United States, on Wednesday, January 12, 1966, to the 89th United States Congress.


1966 Sugar Bowl
The 1966 Sugar Bowl was the 32nd edition of the college football bowl game, played at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana, on Saturday, January 1 . Part of the 1965–66 bowl game season, it matched the undefeated and sixth-ranked Missouri Tigers of the Big Eight Conference and the unranked Florida Gators of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Missouri was slightly favored, and won 20–18.


1966 Sugar Bowl, Teams, Missouri
The Tigers entered the game with a 7–2–1 record; they lost by two points to undefeated #5 Nebraska in the Big Eight.


1966 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
The Sugar Bowl was the first game of a major bowl tripleheader (Rose, Orange) on NBC, and kicked off at 1 pm CST.


1966 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
After a scoreless first quarter, Missouri went on a tear in the second quarter. Charlie Brown scored on a 16-yard touchdown run giving the Tigers a 7–0 lead. Defensive back Johnny Roland came in on offense and threw an 11-yard touchdown pass to Earl Denny as the Tigers extended their lead to 14–0. Bill Bates kicked a 27-yard field goal and Missouri led 17–0 at halftime.


1966 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
In the third quarter, Bates kicked a 34-yard field goal as Missouri led 20–0 at the end of three. Florida attempted to make a furious comeback in the fourth quarter; quarterback Steve Spurrier threw a 22-yard touchdown pass to halfback Jack Harper as Florida got within 20–6. Spurrier threw another 21-yard touchdown pass to end Charles Casey as Florida got within 20–12. Spurrier scored himself from two yards out, as the score became 20–18. Florida failed on three consecutive two-point conversion attempts, and had they just kicked the extra points, they may have ended with a win.


1966 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
Despite playing on the losing team, Spurrier was named the Most Valuable Player for the game.


1966 Sugar Bowl, Aftermath
This was the sixth major bowl appearance for Missouri, and their second Sugar Bowl (1942). Their only major bowl since was four years later in the Orange Bowl. Missouri honored the 1965 Tigers in the 2015 season, bringing the team to midfield at halftime of their 24–10 win over South Carolina, then coached by Spurrier.


1966 Sugar Bowl, Aftermath
This was Florida's first appearance in a major bowl; their first victory came  the following year in the Orange Bowl. The Gators' next Sugar Bowl was in December 1974 and their first win came in January 1994.


1966 Sun Bowl
The 1966 Sun Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game between the Wyoming Cowboys and the Florida State Seminoles, played on December 24 at El Paso, Texas.


1966 Sun Bowl, Background
The Cowboys were champions of the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) for the first time and were in the Sun Bowl for the third time in ten years. Florida State was an independent and in the Sun Bowl for the first time in a dozen years.


1966 Sun Bowl, Game summary
Wyoming junior halfback Jim Kiick rushed for 135 yards on 25 carries, caught four passes for 42 yards, and scored twice (first and third quarters). Florida State quarterback Kim Hammond threw two touchdowns, one to Ron Sellers for 49 yards and four minutes later a 59-yard pass to T.K. Wetherell to give the Seminoles a 14–7 lead at halftime.


1966 Sun Bowl, Game summary
Cowboy Jerry Marion caught a 39-yard pass from quarterback Rick Egloff to tie the score at fourteen each. Kiick's touchdown of 43 yards reclaimed the lead for Wyoming at 21–14. In the fourth quarter, Egloff added a rushing touchdown to make it 28–14. Hammond and Ron Sellers connected for another touchdown reception to narrow the margin to eight, but the Seminoles failed to score again.


1966 Sun Bowl, Aftermath
The Cowboys have yet to return to the Sun Bowl. While Eaton won three consecutive conference titles (1966, 1967, and 1968), he was fired four years later. They Cowboys struggled in his last sixteen games: they went 3–13 in the final six games of the 1969 and through the 1970 season, after getting rid of 14 players for wanting to wear armbands in protest. The Seminoles have also not returned to the Sun Bowl since this game, but have had better success in the time since.


1966 Swedish football Division 2
Statistics of Swedish football Division 2 for the 1966 season.


1966 Swedish football Division 3
Statistics of Swedish football Division 3 for the 1966 season.


1966 Swiss referendum
Two referendums were held in Switzerland on 16 October 1966. Voters were asked whether they approved of an amendment to the constitution on Swiss citizens living abroad and a popular initiative "for the fight against alcoholism". The constitutional amendment was approved whilst the popular initiative was rejected.


1966 Syracuse Grand Prix
The 15th Syracuse Grand Prix was a motor race, run to Formula One rules, held on 1 May 1966 at Syracuse Circuit, Sicily. The race was run over 56 laps of the circuit, and was won by British driver John Surtees in a Ferrari 312.


1966 Syracuse Grand Prix
Jack Brabham, Vic Wilson and Denny Hulme all failed to post a time during practice, and lined up on the grid behind the last driver to post a time, André Wicky, whose time was 37.4 seconds slower than Surtees's pole time.


1966 Syracuse Orangemen football team
The 1966 Syracuse Orangemen football team represented Syracuse University in the 1966 NCAA University Division football season. The Orangemen were led by 18th-year head coach Ben Schwartzwalder and played their home games at Archbold Stadium in Syracuse, New York. After losing their first two games of the season, Syracuse won the next eight games, finishing the regular season with a record of 8–2 and ranked 16th in the Coaches Poll. They were invited to the 1966 Gator Bowl, where they lost to Tennessee.


1966 Syrian coup d'état
The 1966 Syrian coup d'état refers to events between 21 and 23 February during which the government of the Syrian Arab Republic was overthrown and replaced. The ruling National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party were removed from power by a union of the party's Military Committee and the Regional Command, under the leadership of Salah Jadid.


1966 Syrian coup d'état
The coup was precipitated by a heightening in the power struggle between the party's old guard, represented by Michel Aflaq, Salah al-Din al-Bitar, and Munif al-Razzaz, and the younger factions adhering to a Neo-Ba'athist position. On 21 February, supporters of the old guard in the army ordered the transfer of their rivals. Two days later, the Military Committee, backing the younger factions, launched a coup that involved violent fighting in Aleppo, Damascus, Deir ez-Zor, and Latakia. As a result of the coup, the party's historical founders fled the country and spent the rest of their lives in exile.


1966 Syrian coup d'état
Jadid's government was the most radical administration in Syria's history. The coup created a permanent schism between the Syrian and Iraqi regional branches of the Ba'ath Party and their respective National Commands, with many senior Syrian Ba'athists defecting to Iraq. As a legacy of the coup, during Jadid's rule, Syria initiated a propaganda campaign against the Iraqi Ba'athists. Jadid's government would be overthrown in the Corrective Movement of 1970, which brought Hafez al-Assad to power.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Consolidation of power
After taking power in the 1963 Syrian coup d'état, officially the 8th of March Revolution, a power struggle erupted between the Nasserites in the National Council for the Revolutionary Command and the Ba'ath Party. The Nasserites sought to reestablish the United Arab Republic, the former federation encompassing Egypt and Syria from 1958 to 1961, on Gamal Abdel Nasser's terms, but the Ba'athists were skeptical of a new union with Nasser and wanted a loose federation where the Ba'ath Party could rule Syria alone without interference. The Nasserites mobilised large street demonstrations in favour of a union. It took time before the Ba'ath Party knew how to respond to the issue, since the majority of Syrian Arab Nationalists were not adherents to Ba'athism, but of Nasserism and Nasser in general.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Consolidation of power
Instead of trying to win the support of the populace, the Ba'athists moved to consolidate their control over the Syrian military. Several hundred Nasserites and conservatives were purged from the military, and Ba'athists were recruited to fill senior positions. Most of the newly recruited Ba'athist officers came from the countryside or from a low social class. These Ba'athist officers replaced the chiefly "urban Sunni upper-middle and middle class" officer corps, and replaced it with an officer corps with a rural background who more often the "kinsmen of the leading minority officer". These changes led to the decimation of Sunni control over the military establishment.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Consolidation of power
The cost of clamping down on the protests was a loss of legitimacy, and the emergence of Amin al-Hafiz as the first Ba'athist military strongman. The traditional elite, consisting of the upper classes, who had been overthrown from political power by the Ba'athists, felt threatened by the Ba'ath Party's socialist policies. The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria was a historical rival of the Syrian Regional Branch, and it felt threatened by the party's secular nature. Akram al-Hawrani and his supporters and the Syrian Communist Party opposed the one-party system which the Ba'ath Party was establishing.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Consolidation of power
The majority of Sunni Muslims were Arab nationalists, but not Ba'athist, making them feel alienated. The party was chiefly dominated by minority groups such as Alawites, Druzes, and Isma'ilis, and people from the countryside in general; this created an urban–rural conflict based predominantly on ethnic differences. With its coming to power, the Ba'ath Party was threatened by the predominantly anti-Ba'athist sentiment in urban politics—probably the only reason why the Ba'athists managed to stay in power was the rather weakly organised and fragmented opposition it faced.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Conflict with the Aflaqists
Cohesive internal unity had all but collapsed after the 1963 seizure of power; Michel Aflaq, Salah al-Din al-Bitar, and their followers wanted to implement "classic" Ba'athism in the sense that they wanted to establish a loose union with Nasser's Egypt, implement a moderate form of socialism, and to have a one-party state which respected the rights of the individual, tolerating freedom of speech and freedom of thought.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Conflict with the Aflaqists
However, the Aflaqites (or Aflaqists) were quickly forced into the background, and at the 6th National Ba'ath Party Congress, the Military Committee and their supporters succeeding in creating a new form of Ba'athism – a Ba'athism strongly influenced by Marxism–Leninism. This new form of Ba'athism laid emphasis on "revolution in one country" rather than to unifying the Arab world. At the same time, the 6th National Congress implemented a resolution which stressed the implementation of a socialist revolution in Syria.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Conflict with the Aflaqists
Under this form of socialism, the economy as a whole would adhere to state planning and the commanding heights of the economy and foreign trade were to be nationalised. They believed these policies would end exploitation of labour, that capitalism would disappear, and in agriculture they envisioned a plan were land was given "to he who works it". However, private enterprise would still exist in retail trade, construction, tourism, and small industry in general. These changes and more would refashion the Ba'ath Party into a Leninist party.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Conflict with the Aflaqists
In the aftermath of the 1964 riot in Hama and other cities, the radicals were on the retreat and the Aflaqites regained control for a brief period. Bitar formed a new government which halted the nationalisation process, reaffirm respect for civil liberties and private property. However, these policy changes did not win sufficient support, and the population at large still opposed Ba'ath Party rule. The upper classes continued to disinvest capital and smuggle capital out of the country, and the only foreseeable solution to this loss of capital was continuing with nationalisation.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Background, Conflict with the Aflaqists
The party's left-wing argued that the bourgeoisie would never be won over unless they were given total control over the economy as they had before. It was this power struggle between the moderate Aflaqites who dominated the National Command of the Ba'ath Party and the radicals who dominated the Syrian Regional Command of the Ba'ath Party which led to the 1966 coup d'état.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Power struggle
Before the crushing of the riots of 1964, a power struggle started within the Military Committee between Minister of Defence Muhammad Umran, and Salah Jadid. Umran, the committee's most senior member, wanted reconciliation with the rioters and an end to confrontation with the middle class, in contrast, Jadid believed the solution was to coerce and repress the protesters so as to save the 8th of March Revolution. This was the first open schism within the Military Committee, and would prove decisive in coming events.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Power struggle
With Hafez al-Assad's support, the Military Committee initiated a violent counter-attack on the rioters This decision led to Umran's downfall. He responded by revealing the Military Committee's plan of taking over the Ba'ath Party to the party's National Command. Aflaq, the Secretary General of the National Command, responded to the information by ordering the dissolution of the Syrian Regional Command. He was forced to withdraw his request because the party's rank-and-file rose in protest. When an old guard Ba'athist tauntingly asked Aflaq "how big a role his party still played in government", Aflaq replied "About one-thousandth of one percent".


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Power struggle
Umran's revelations to the National Command led to his exile, and with the National Command impotent, the Military Committee, through its control of the Syrian Regional Command, initiated an attack on the bourgeoisie and initiated a nationalisation drive which extended state ownership to electricity generation, oil distribution, cotton ginning, and to an estimated 70 percent of foreign trade.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Power struggle
After Umran's downfall, the National Command and the Military Committee continued their respective struggle for control of the Ba'ath Party. While the National Command invoked party rules and regulations against the Military Committee, it was clear from the beginning that the initiative lay with the Military Committee. The reason for the Military Committee's success was its alliance with the Regionalists, a group of branches which had not adhered to Aflaq's 1958 orders to dissolve the Syrian Regional Branch. The Regionalists disliked Aflaq and opposed his leadership. Assad called the Regionalists the "true cells of the party".


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Power struggle
The power contest between the allied Military Committee and the Regionalists against the National Command was fought out within the party structure. However, the Military Committee and the Regionalists managed to turn the party structure on its head. At the 2nd Regional Congress (held in March 1965), it was decided to endorse the principle that the Regional Secretary of the Regional Command would be the ex officio head of state, and the Regional Command acquired the power to appoint the prime minister, the cabinet, the chief of staff, and the top military commanders.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Power struggle
This change curtailed the powers of the National Command, who thenceforth had very little say in Syrian internal affairs. In response, at the 8th National Congress (April 1965) Aflaq had originally planned to launch an attack on the Military Committee and the Regionalists, but was persuaded not to by fellow National Command members – most notably by a Lebanese member, Jibran Majdalani, and a Saudi member, Ali Ghannam – because it could lead to the removal of the party's civilian leadership, as had occurred in the Iraqi Regional Branch.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Power struggle
Because of this decision, Aflaq was voted from office as Secretary General, to be succeeded by fellow National Command member Munif al-Razzaz. Razzaz was a Syrian-born Jordanian who was not rooted enough in party politics to solve the crisis, even if under his command several joint meetings of the National and Regional Commands took place. Not longer after Aflaq's loss of office, Hafiz, the Secretary of the Regional Command, changed his allegiance to support the National Command. While Hafiz was the de jure leader of Syria (he held the offices of Regional Command secretary, Chairman of the Presidential Council, prime minister and commander-in-chief), it was Jadid, the Assistant Secretary General of the Regional Command, who was the de facto leader of Syria.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, The coup
Arrangements devised in 1963 between Aflaq and the Military Committee led to a very close mutual involvement of the military and civilian sectors of the regime, so that by the end of 1965 the politics of the Syrian army had become almost identical to the politics of the Ba'th Party. The principal military protagonist of the period Hafiz, Jadid, and Umran were no longer on military service and their power depended on their intermediary supporters in the army and in the party.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, The coup
In November 1965, the National Command issued a resolution which stated it was forbidden for the Regional Command to transfer or dismiss military officers without the consent of the National Command. After hearing of the resolution, Jadid rebelled immediately, and ordered Colonel Mustafa Tlas to arrest the commanders of the Homs garrison and his deputy, both supporters of National Command. In response, Razzaz called for an emergency session of the National Command which decreed the Regional Command dissolved, and made Bitar Prime Minister. Hafiz was made Chairman of a new Presidential Council and Shibli al-Aysami his deputy.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, The coup
Umran was recalled from exile and reappointed to the office of Minister of Defence and commander-in-chief, and Mansur al-Atrash was appointed Chairman of a new and expanded National Revolutionary Council. Jadid and his supporters responded by making war on the National Command. Assad, who neither liked nor had sympathy for the Aflaqites, did not support a showdown through the use of force. In response to the coming coup, Assad, along with Naji Jamil, Husayn Mulhim and Yusuf Sayigh, left for London.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, The coup
The coup began on 21 February 1966 when Umran tested his authority as Minister of Defence by ordering the transfer of three key Jadid supporters; Major-General Ahmed Suidani, Colonel Izzad Jadid and Major Salim Hatum. The Military Committee would respond the next day, but before that it staged a ruse which threw the National Command off balance. The ruse was that Abd al-Ghani Ibrahim, the Alawi commander of the front facing Israel, reported to headquarters that a quarrel had broken out among front-line officers, and that guns had been used.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, The coup
Umran, al-Hafiz and the Chief of Staff left for the Golan Heights in a hurry for a lengthy discussion with the officer corps there; when they returned at 3 am on 23 February they were exhausted. Two hours later, at 5 am, Jadid launched his coup. Not long after, the attack on al-Hafiz's private residence began, led by Salim Hatum and Rifaat al-Assad, and supported by a squadron of tank units led by Izzad Jadid. Despite a spirited defence, Hafiz's forces surrendered after all their ammunition was spent – Hafiz's daughter lost an eye in the attacks.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, The coup
The commander of al-Hafiz's bodyguard, Mahmud Musa, was nearly killed by Izzad Jadid, but was saved and smuggled out of Syria by Hatum. There was resistance outside Damascus. In Hama, Tlass was forced to send forces from Homs to quell the uprising, while in Aleppo Aflaq loyalists briefly controlled the radio station and some resistance was reported in Latakia and Deir ez-Zor. After their military defeats, resistance all but collapsed – Razzaz was the only National Command member to put up any organised resistance after the military defeats, issuing statements against the government from his different hiding places.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The new government
Immediately after the coup, officers loyal to Umran and the Aflaqites were purged from the armed forces, being imprisoned alongside Umran at Mezze prison. One of the first acts of Jadid's government was to appoint Assad Minister of Defence. Assad however, did not support the coup, and told Mansur al-Atrash, Jubran Majdalani, and other Aflaqites that he did not support Jadid's actions. Later, in an interview with Le Monde, Assad claimed that the military's intervention was regrettable because the Ba'ath Party was democratic, and that the disputes should have been resolved in a democratic manner. However, Assad did view the actions as necessary, as it put an end, in his view, to the dictatorship of the National Command.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The new government
Jadid's government has been referred to as Syria's most radical government in history. He initiated rash and radical policies internally and externally, and tried to overturn Syrian society from the top to the bottom. While Assad and Jadid agreed ideologically, they did not agree on how to implement these beliefs in practice. The Military Committee, which had been the officers' key decision-making process during 1963–66, lost its central institutional authority under Jadid because the fight against the Aflaqites was over – the key reason for the committee's existence in the first place.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The new government
While Jadid never acquired, or took the offices of Prime Minister or President, instead opting to rule through the office of Assistant Secretary of the Regional Command, he was the undisputed ruler of Syria from 1966 to 1970. Before the 1966 coup, Jadid had controlled the Syrian armed forces through his post as Head of the Bureau of Officers' Affairs, but from 1966 onwards Jadid became absorbed with running the country, and in his place, Assad was given the task of controlling the armed forces. This would later prove to be a mistake, and lead to Jadid's downfall in the 1970 Corrective Revolution.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The new government
Jadid appointed Nureddin al-Atassi as President, Regional Secretary of the Regional Command and Secretary General of the National Command, Yusuf Zu'ayyin became Prime Minister again, and Brahim Makhous was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs. Other personalities were former Head of Military Intelligence Ahmed Suidani, who was appointed Chief of Staff, Colonel Muhammad Rabah al-Tawil was appointed Minister of Labour and Head of the newly established Popular Resistance Forces, and Colonel Abd al-Karim al-Jundi, a founding member of the Military Committee, was appointed Minister of Agrarian Reform and later, Minister of Interior.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, Neo-Ba'athism
Some believe, Avraham Ben-Tzur being the most prominent writer on the subject, that the Ba'athist ideology preached in Syria after the coup should be referred to as neo-Ba'athism since it has nothing to do with the ideology's classic form espoused by Aflaq, Bitar and the Aflaqites in general. Munif al-Razzaz agreed with the theory, stating that from 1961 onwards, there existed two Ba'ath parties – "the military Ba'ath Party and the Ba'ath Party, and real power lay with the former."


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, Neo-Ba'athism
He further noted that the military Ba'ath (as "paraphrased by Martin Seymour") "was and remains Ba'athist only in name; that it was and remains little more than a military clique with civilian hangers-on; and that from the initial founding of the Military Committee by disgruntled Syrian officers exiled in Cairo in 1959, the chain of events and the total corruption of Ba'athism proceeded with intolerable logic." Bitar agreed, stating that the 1966 coup "marked the end of Ba'athist politics in Syria." Aflaq shared the sentiment, and stated; "I no longer recognise my party! ".


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split
The ousting of Aflaq, Bitar, and the National Command is the deepest schism in the Ba'ath movement's history. While there had been many schisms and splits in the Ba'ath Party, Aflaq and Bitar always emerged as the victors, and remained party leaders, but the 1966 coup brought a new generation of leaders to power who had different aims to their predecessors. While Aflaq and Bitar still had supporters in Syria and in non-Syrian Regional Branches, they were hampered by the lack of financial means – the Syrian Regional Branch had funded them since 1963.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split
Jadid and his supporters now had the Syrian state at their disposal, and were theoretically able to establish new party organisations or coerce pro-Aflaq opinion, this failed to work since most of the regional branches changed their allegiance to Baghdad. Later in 1966, the first post-Aflaqite National Congress, officially designated the 9th, was held, and a new National Command was elected.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split
Another change was to the ideological orientation of the Syrian Regional Branch and the new National Command; while the Aflaqites believed in an all-Arab Ba'ath Party and the unification of the Arab world, the Syria's new leaders saw this as impractical. Following the coup, the National Command became subservient in all but name to the Syrian Regional Command, and ceased to have an effective role in Arab or Syrian politics.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split
Following the exile of the National Command, some of its members, including Hafiz, convened the 9th Ba'ath National Congress (to differentiate it from the Syrian "9th National Congress") and elected a new National Command, with Aflaq, who did not attend the congress, as the National Command's Secretary General. For those like Bitar and Razzaz, the exile from Syria was too hard, and they left the party. Aflaq moved to Brazil, remaining there till 1968.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split, Party-to-party relations
When the National Command was toppled in 1966, the Iraqi Regional Branch remained, at least verbally, supportive of the "legitimate leadership" of Aflaq. When the Iraqi Regional Branch regained power in 1968 in the 17 July Revolution no attempts were made at a merger, to achieve their supposed goal of Arab unity, or reconciliation with the Syrian Ba'ath. After the establishment of Ba'ath rule in Iraq, many members of the Syrian-dominated Ba'ath movement defected to its Iraqi-counterpart, few if any Iraqi-loyal Ba'athists attempted to change its allegiance to Damascus.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split, Party-to-party relations
The reason for this was that those defecting from Damascus were loyal to the old, Aflaqite National Command. Several older members such as Bitar, Hafiz, Shibli al-Aysami and Elias Farah, either visited Iraq or sent a congratulatory message to Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, the Regional Secretary of the Iraqi Regional Command. Aflaq did not visit Iraq until 1969, but from late 1970, he would become a leading Iraqi Ba'ath official, although he never acquired any decision-making power.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split, Party-to-party relations
From the beginning the Damascus government began an overwhelmingly anti-Iraqi Ba'athist propaganda campaign, to which their counterparts in Baghdad responded. However, the Iraqi Ba'athists helped Assad, who at the 4th Regional Congress of the Syrian Regional Branch called for the reunification of the Ba'ath Party, in his attempt to seize power from Jadid. It was reported that Assad promised the Iraqis to recognize Aflaq's historical leadership. Iraq's foreign minister Abdul Karim al-Shaikhly even had his own personal office in the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which Assad headed. However, this should not be misconstrued, the Iraqi Regional Branch was Arab nationalist in name only, and was in fact Iraqi nationalist.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split, Party-to-party relations
The Syrian Regional Branch began denouncing Aflaq as a "thief". They claimed that he had stolen the Ba'athist ideology from Zaki al-Arsuzi and proclaimed it as his own, with Assad hailing Arsuzi as the principal founder of Ba'athist thought. The Iraqi Regional Branch, however, still proclaimed Aflaq as the founder of Ba'athism. Assad has referred to Arsuzi as the "greatest Syrian of his day" and claimed him to be the "first to conceive of the Ba'ath as a political movement." Aflaq was condemned to death in absentia in 1971 by Assad's government. The Syrian Regional Branch erected a statue in Arsuzi's honour not long after the 1966 coup. Nevertheless, the majority of Ba'ath followers outside Syria still view Aflaq, not Arsuzi, as the principal founder of Ba'athism.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split, Party-to-party relations
When the Iraqi Regional Branch seized power, the Syrian Regional Branch responded by not mentioning in the press release that a Ba'ath organisation had taken power in Iraq. For instance, it mentioned that Bakr had been appointed president, but did not mention his party's affiliation, and instead referred to the incident as a military coup. While the Syrian Ba'ath denied giving any legitimacy to Iraqi Ba'ath, the Iraqi Ba'ath were more conciliatory. For instance, Bakr stated "They are Ba'athists, we are Ba'athists" shortly after the Iraqi Regional Branch seized power.


1966 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath, The split, Party-to-party relations
Foreign Minister Shaykli stated shortly after that "there is nothing preventing co-operation between us [meaning Iraq and Syria]". The anti-Iraq propaganda reached new heights within Syria at the same time that Assad was strengthening his position within the party and state. When Jadid was toppled by Assad during the Corrective Movement in 1970, it did not signal a change in attitudes, and the first joint communique of the Syrian-dominated National Command and the Syrian Regional Command referred to the Iraqi Ba'ath as a "rightist clique".


1966 São Paulo FC season
The 1966 football season was São Paulo's 37th season since club's existence.


1966 TANFL season
The 1966 Tasmanian Australian National Football League (TANFL) premiership season was an Australian Rules football competition staged in Hobart, Tasmania over eighteen (18) roster rounds and four (4) finals series matches between 2 April and 17 September 1966.


1966 TANFL season, Participating Clubs, State Preliminary Final
Note: Hobart (TANFL guernsey) and Burnie (NWFU guernsey) wore alternate strips owing to a guernsey clash.


1966 TANFL season, Participating Clubs, Interstate Matches
Note: Ground record for North Hobart Oval at the time, subsequently broken in 1970 and again in 1979.


1966 TANFL season, 1966 TANFL Ladder, Round 4
Note: All-time attendance record at KGV Park, later broken on 2 April 2011.


1966 TANFL season, 1966 TANFL Ladder, Grand Final
Source: All scores and statistics courtesy of the Hobart Mercury and Saturday Evening Mercury (SEM) publications.


1966 TCU Horned Frogs football team
The 1966 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1966 NCAA University Division football season. The Horned Frogs finished the season 2–8 overall and 2–5 in the Southwest Conference. The team was coached by Abe Martin in his fourteenth and final year as head coach. The Frogs played their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on campus in Fort Worth, Texas.


1966 Taiwanese presidential election
Indirect elections were held for the presidency and vice-presidency of the government of the Republic of China on Taiwan on March 21, 1966. The vote took place at the Chung-Shan Hall in Taipei. Incumbent President Chiang Kai-shek was re-elected for the fourth term with his Vice-President Yen Chia-kan.


1966 Taiwanese presidential election
The amendment of the Temporary Provisions against the Communist Rebellion in 1960 had allowed Chiang Kai-shek to seek for unlimited terms. After the death of Vice-President Chen Cheng in 1965. Chiang decided to pick premier Yen Chia-kan to be his running-mate, filling the vacancy. In the end, Yen was elected by a narrow majority, 55 per cent of the votes, while Chiang received 98 per cent of the votes.


1966 Taiwanese presidential election, Electors
The election was conducted by the National Assembly in its meeting place Chung-Shan Hall in Taipei. According to the Temporary Provisions against the Communist Rebellion, the term of the delegates who were elected during the 1947 Chinese National Assembly election was extended indefinitely until "re-election is possible in their original electoral district". In total, there were 1,446 delegates reported to the secretariat to attend this fourth session of the first National Assembly.


1966 Tampa Spartans football team
The 1966 Tampa Spartans football team represented the University of Tampa in the 1966 NCAA College Division football season. It was the Spartans' 30th season. The team was led by head coach Sam Bailey, in his third year, and played their home games at Phillips Field in Tampa, Florida. They finished with a record of four wins and five losses (4–5).


1966 Tangerine Bowl
The 1966 Tangerine Bowl was an NCAA College Division game following the 1966 season, between the West Chester Golden Rams and the Morgan State Bears. Morgan State linebacker Willie Lanier was named the game's most valuable player.


1966 Tangerine Bowl, Background
The game was one of four regional finals in the College Division, the predecessor of Division II; the other three postseason games were the Pecan, Grantland Rice, and Camellia bowls, also played on December 10.


1966 Tangerine Bowl, Notable participants
Morgan State players who subsequently had NFL careers include Lanier, defensive back Bob Wade, quarterback and kicker (later, defensive back) Daryl Johnson, wide receiver Alvin Mitchell, and linebacker (later, running back) Jeff Queen. Wade also went on to be head basketball coach for the Maryland Terrapins. James Phillips played in the NFL and went on to become head football and wrestling coach at Morgan State. Lanier and head coach Earl Banks are inductees of the College Football Hall of Fame. Lanier is an inductee of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.


1966 Tangerine Bowl, Notable participants
West Chester quarterback Jim Haynie, offensive end Don Wilkinson, and head coach Bob Mitten are inductees of their university's hall of fame.


1966 Targa Florio
The 50° Targa Florio took place on 8 May 1966, on the Circuito Piccolo delle Madonie, Sicily (Italy).


1966 Targa Florio, Race
The 50th anniversary edition of the Targa was marred by an inclement weather that turned the road into a quagmire. The winners of the 1965 edition, Nino Vaccarella and Lorenzo Bandini started as favorites driving the powerful, prototype-class Ferrari 330 P3. Indeed it seemed they could led Ferrari to another victory but two laps from the end, a wrong maneuver by Bandini while lapping a slower car resulted in the 330 off the road. This paved the way of the victory for the factory-backed Scuderia Filipinetti Porsche 906 of Herbert Müller and Willy Mairesse, followed by the Dino 206 S of Guichet/Baghetti, and another 906 of Sicilian duo Pucci/Arena.


1966 Tashkent earthquake
The 1966 Tashkent earthquake (Uzbek: Toshkent zilzilasi; Russian: Ташкентское землетрясение) occurred on 26 April in the Uzbek SSR. It had a magnitude of 5.1 with an epicenter in central Tashkent at a depth of 3–8 kilometers (1.9–5.0 mi). The earthquake caused massive destruction to Tashkent, destroying most of the buildings in the city, killing between 15 and 200 people and leaving between 200,000 to 300,000 homeless. Following the disaster, most of the historic parts of Tashkent had been destroyed and the city was rebuilt, modelled on Soviet architectural styles. Soviet authorities created an Institute of seismology in order to forecast future earthquakes.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Background
Tashkent and its immediate vicinity were prone to earthquakes and 74 earthquakes of a magnitude between 3 and 6 had been recorded from 1914 to 1966. The city had been damaged in earthquakes in 1866 and 1886.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Background
Concerns about possible earthquake damage to the city were raised in the 1940s and 1950s, especially after Ashgabat was devastated in an earthquake in 1948. Before the Tashkent earthquake, an increase in radon levels had been noticed.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Earthquake
The earthquake occurred at 05:23 at the very shallow (and more destructive) depth of 3–8 kilometers (1.9–5.0 mi) with its epicentre in the centre of the city.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Earthquake
The quake caused massive destruction to property. In total, over 80% of the city was destroyed, including over half of the old city.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Earthquake
In total, between 78,000 and 95,000 homes were destroyed. Most of these were traditional adobe housing in more densely populated central areas. The majority of the most significant buildings in Tashkent were destroyed; this included 600-year-old mosques. Most of these buildings predated the Russian Revolution of 1917. However, only Navoi Theater, which was built by Japanese prisoners of war was unharmed.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Earthquake
Estimates of those made homeless by the disaster ranged from 200,000 to 300,000.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Earthquake
While the official death toll was 15 people this figure may be an underestimate due to Soviet secrecy and other sources estimated death tolls ranging from 200 people to 0.5% of the city's population of 1,100,000. Over 20% more women than men were killed.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Aftermath
In the immediate aftermath of the disaster, senior Soviet figures, including CPSU Chairman Leonid Brezhnev, flew to Tashkent to supervise the recovery efforts. A massive rebuilding project was started, with other Soviet republics sending large numbers of workers to assist in the rebuilding process. This changed the ethnic make up of the city, as many of them remained in Tashkent after the work had been completed. The new Tashkent contained architectural styles found in other Soviet cities such as wide boulevards and large apartment block complexes. By 1970, 100,000 new homes had been constructed.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Aftermath
The earthquake also resulted in increased religiosity, with increased interest in many Islamic ritual practices.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Aftermath
To prevent further such disasters from having such a serious impact on the city, in 1966 Soviet authorities created an Institute of seismology, tasked with monitoring seismic changes, such as changes in radon levels and predicting earthquakes.


1966 Tashkent earthquake, Aftermath
A memorial stone to victims of the earthquake located above the epicentre was unveiled in 1976.