1965 Oakland Raiders season
The 1965 Oakland Raiders season was the team's sixth in both Oakland and the American Football League. The campaign saw the team attempt to improve upon the prior year's disappointing 5–7–2 record, and finished at 8–5–1. While the effort was a definite improvement, it was not enough to win the division and secure a postseason berth. This was the third and last season for Al Davis as head coach, as he became the AFL commissioner in April 1966; he was succeeded by offensive backs coach John Rauch in 1966.


1965 Oakland Raiders season
This was the first of sixteen consecutive winning seasons for the Raiders. It is also notable for the debut of Hall of Fame wide receiver Fred Biletnikoff, the first of several legendary Raiders drafted in the late 1960s and early 1970s. He was an integral part of the team's 1967 and 1976 Super Bowl runs.


1965 Oakland Raiders season
It was also the Raiders' last year at Frank Youell Field; they moved to the new Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum in 1966.


1965 Oakland Raiders season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1965 Oaxaca earthquake
The 1965 Oaxaca earthquake occurred in Mexico on August 23 at 13:46 with a moment magnitude of 7.5. Five people were reported dead in Mexico City and 1 in Oaxaca. There was an anomalous change in seismic activities before the earthquake. There was a quiescent stage from late 1963 to mid-1964, and it was followed by a renewal of seismic activities before the main shock. This earthquake was a shallow thrust earthquake in the interplate subduction zone, in which the Cocos Plate is subducting beneath the North American Plate.


1965 Official Guide New York World's Fair
The 1965 Official Guide New York World's Fair is an event guide published and edited by Time–Life Books. It is a 280-page, soft-cover, highly, sometimes colorfully, illustrated book. It is divided into multiple sections, such as maps, industrial, international, federal and state, transportation and index. Exhibits or pavilions are listed and described often with sketch-like illustrations and photographs. Many colorful advertisements also make up a part of the Guide. It was widely sold as guide to the 1964/1965 World's Fair, held at Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in New York City, US. It is considered an important historic artifact by students and teachers of history, who use the guide to further their understanding of the World's Fair, its exhibits and contemporary culture.


1965 Official Guide New York World's Fair, Description of exhibits, Description of international exhibits
The description of the international exhibits spans 51 pages of the guide and is the second longest section after the description of Industrial Exhibits. It lists some 45 pavilions. Not all of the international pavilions listed are hosted by nations. Thus there is a description for a Pavilion hosted by Berlin, which offers: "Film and color transparencies depict day-to-day life in this outpost of freedom," but none of Germany, Belgium or France. England appears to be represented only by the "British Lion Pub". Perhaps most surprisingly, the guide lists Billy Graham's pavilion as being in the International section.


1965 Official Guide New York World's Fair, Description of exhibits, Description of corporate exhibits
The description of corporate exhibits, which in this guide are referred to as Industrial, spans 56 pages of the guide. Major exhibits in this section appear to have been General Motors' Futurama, General Electric's Progressland, IBM's dome and the Eastman Kodak Pavilion. The Industrial section, in particular, has many advertisements, often for products produced by the companies which host the described pavilions. The exhibits are listed alphabetically and described in a paragraph or two. Admission, usually free, is also listed under each exhibit.


1965 Official Guide New York World's Fair, Description of exhibits, Description of corporate exhibits
Because the Industrial section covers all exhibits not contained in the International and Federal and State sections, a wide array of both commercial and non-commercial exhibitors are listed together. For example, the exhibit for the Boy Scouts of America is listed after Bell System. The former billed as "Scouts from around the U.S. display such skills as knot-typing, fire-making and lifesaving," while the latter is offers "The history of communications, from smoke signals to satellites, ... in a fifteen minute ride."


1965 Official Guide New York World's Fair, Advertisements
Many sophisticated advertisements are printed in the guide. Most are directed at the Fair going public. In fact, the blending of content and advertisement is so sophisticated that it is, in places, nearly impossible to distinguish between the two. A two-page color advertisement for the Eastman Kodak Pavilion (billed as the "Focal Point of the Fair"), advertises not Kodak product, but the Pavilion itself. Other exhibitors ran advertisement for their products alongside advertisement for their pavilion. American Express, for example, ran an illustration of "The $1 Million Money Tree", exhibited at their pavilion, over a partial list of their products.


1965 Official Guide New York World's Fair, Value
The Guide the New York World's Fair is considered an important tool for teaching history, especially social history. The guide gives insight into the cultural and social mores and practices of the mid-century United States. The description of the General Cigar Hall of Magic, for example, which speaks of giant smoke rings and magic shows acts as a reminder of the common place of smoking in North American society.


1965 Official Guide New York World's Fair, Value
A Chrysler advertisement that assures that “Mom will be thrilled by the landscaped islands and by the beauty of cars that seem to float on the water” speaks to gender roles in the mid-1960s in America. Leaving aside specific examples, the optimistic tone of the guide may give some insight into the perception of the nation’s progress at the time. A seemingly boundless trust in Industry and its products is evidenced by the fact that guide’s largest section was reserved for the description of pavilions of big corporate sponsors. The value of this book is $10-$15.


1965 Ohio Bobcats football team
The 1965 Ohio Bobcats football team was an American football team that represented Ohio University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. In their eighth season under head coach Bill Hess, the Bobcats compiled a 0–10 record (0–6 against MAC opponents), finished in seventh place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 210 to 77.


1965 Ohio Bobcats football team
The team's statistical leaders included Sam Bogan with 308 rushing yards, Sam Fornsaglio with 305 passing yards, and Glenn Hill with 201 receiving yards.


1965 Ohio State Buckeyes baseball team
The 1965 Ohio State Buckeyes baseball team represented the Ohio State University in the 1965 NCAA University Division baseball season. The team was coached by Marty Karow in his 15th season at Ohio State.


1965 Ohio State Buckeyes baseball team
The Buckeyes lost the College World Series, defeated by the Arizona State Sun Devils in the championship game.


1965 Ohio State Buckeyes baseball team, Buckeyes in the 1965 MLB Draft
The following members of the Ohio State Buckeyes baseball program were drafted in the 1965 Major League Baseball Draft.


1965 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The 1965 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented the Ohio State University in the 1965 Big Ten Conference football season. The Buckeyes compiled a 7–2 record.


1965 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1965 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. Led by second-year head coach Gomer Jones, they played their home games at Oklahoma Memorial Stadium and competed as members of the Big Eight Conference.


1965 Oklahoma Sooners football team
A longtime assistant under Bud Wilkinson, Jones resigned after the 3–7 season, one of the worst in program history, but remained at OU as athletic director.


1965 Oklahoma Sooners football team
Jim Mackenzie, an assistant at Arkansas under Frank Broyles, was hired as head coach in December.


1965 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Postseason, NFL draft
The following players were drafted by National Football League teams on November 27, 1965.


1965 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team
The 1965 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team represented Oklahoma State University–Stillwater in the Big Eight Conference during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. In their third season under head coach Phil Cutchin, the Cowboys compiled a 3–7 record (2–5 against conference opponents), tied for fifth place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 173 to 131.


1965 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team
On offense, the 1965 team averaged 13.1 points scored, 159.4 rushing yards, and 78.5 passing yards per game. On defense, the team allowed an average of 17.3 points scored, 202.5 rushing yards, and 104.4 passing yards per game. The team's statistical leaders included Walt Garrison with 924 rushing yards, Glenn Baxter with 574 passing yards, Tony Sellari with 226 receiving yards, and placekicker Charles Durkee with 37 points scored.


1965 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team
Running back Walt Garrison and guard Charles Harper were selected as a first-team All-Big Eight Conference player.


1965 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team
The team played its home games at Lewis Field in Stillwater, Oklahoma.


1965 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team, After the season
The 1966 NFL Draft was held on November 27, 1965. The following Cowboys were selected.


1965 Ole Miss Rebels football team
The 1965 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi in the sport of American football during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. The team won seven games and lost four. It concluded the season with a 13–7 victory over Auburn in the 1965 Liberty Bowl.


1965 Ole Miss Rebels football team
Quarterback Jimmy Heidel led the team in passing, completing 52 of 95 attempts for 586 yards and three touchdowns. Running back Mike Dennis led the team in both rushing and receiving, with 525 and 246 yards respectively. Dennis, defensive tackle Jim Urbanek, and offensive guard Stan Hindman were each first-team selections by both the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International for the 1965 All-SEC football team, and offensive guard Jim Harvey earned second-team honors from the AP.


1965 Omloop Het Volk
The 1965 Omloop Het Volk was the 20th edition of the Omloop Het Volk cycle race and was held on 5 March 1965. The race started and finished in Ghent. The race was won by Noel De Pauw.


1965 Open Championship
The 1965 Open Championship was the 94th Open Championship, played 7–9 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. Peter Thomson won his fifth Claret Jug, two strokes ahead of runners-up Brian Huggett and Christy O'Connor Snr. Thomson's previous Open victory was seven years earlier in 1958.


1965 Open Championship
The 1965 Open was the last to conclude with two rounds on Friday. Beginning in 1966, the final round was moved from Friday afternoon to Saturday. The Open used this schedule until 1980, when the first round moved to Thursday with the final round on Sunday, the same as the other three majors.


1965 Open Championship, Field
1. The first 20 and those tying for 20th place in the 1964 Open


1965 Open Championship, Field
2. The first 30 and those tying for 30th place in the P.G.A. Order of Merit for 1964


1965 Open Championship, Field
7. The first 30 money winners and those tying for 30th place in the U.S.P.G.A. official list for one year ending with the P.G.A. tournament immediately before the closing date of the U.S. Open entries


1965 Open Championship, Field
8. Members of the 1964 Great Britain and Ireland Eisenhower Cup team


1965 Open Championship, Field
9. Senior professional champions of Great Britain and the United StatesCharlie Ward, Sam Snead


1965 Open Championship, Field
10. The 1965 U.S. Open championThe U.S. Open took place after the final date for entries. The winner, Gary Player, was already exempt.


1965 Open Championship, Field
Qualification took place on 2–3 July at Hillside and Southport and Ainsdale. They were run as two separate events with 41 players to qualify from Hillside, 40 from Southport and Ainsdale, together with 49 exemptions to make a total field of 130. Clive Clark was later added to field after William C. Campbell failed to arrive. M.E. Hill also played after Frank Phillips withdrew.


1965 Open Championship, Prize money
The total prize money was increased from £8,500 to £10,000. The winner's share was increased to £1,750 with £1,250 for second, £1,000 for third, £750 for fourth, £600 for fifth, £450 for sixth, £375 for seventh.


1965 Open Championship, Round summaries, Second round
Source:Amateurs: Carr (-4), Bonallack (+1), Burgess (+1), Clark (+4), Hadlock (+6), Shade (+6),Foster (+7), Marsh (+7), Glover (+8), Birtwell (+9), Richards (+15), Marks (+17), McCandlish (+17)


1965 Orange Bowl
The 1965 Orange Bowl, part of the 1964–65 bowl season, was the 31st edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida, on Friday, January 1. Part of the 1964–65 bowl season, It matched the top-ranked Alabama Crimson Tide of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), and the #5 Texas Longhorns of the Southwest Conference (SWC). Texas built an early lead and won 21–17.


1965 Orange Bowl
This was the first Orange Bowl game played at night, and the first live national network telecast of a college football game during prime time. NBC acquired the television rights and the kickoff was moved to follow the network's Rose Bowl telecast, without competition from other bowls. It also was the first Orange Bowl in twelve years not to include a team from the Big Eight Conference.


1965 Orange Bowl, Teams, Alabama
Alabama finished the regular season as both SEC and national champions with a record of 10–0. During the Iron Bowl, Alabama accepted a bid to play in the Orange Bowl from bowl officials. It was fourth Orange Bowl appearance for Alabama and their 18th bowl game. With USC upsetting Notre Dame 20–17 on the final weekend of the season, Alabama was selected as the 1964 national champions by both final major polls, released prior to the bowl games.


1965 Orange Bowl, Teams, Texas
The defending national champion Longhorns finished the regular season with a 9–1 record Only a 14–13 loss against Arkansas in week five kept the Longhorns from repeating as national champions.


1965 Orange Bowl, Game summary
After the defense stopped Alabama at the one-yard line on fourth down, Texas responded quickly with the first score of the evening. After moving the ball 20 yards, Longhorn running back Ernie Koy took the ball 79-yards for a 7–0 Texas lead with only :23 remaining in the first quarter. Texas extended their lead to 14–0 on their next offensive possession when George Sauer caught a 69-yard touchdown reception from Jim Hudson. Alabama cut the lead in half later in the second quarter when Joe Namath hit Wayne Trimble for a 7-yard touchdown reception. On the following possession, Alabama blocked a 35-yard David Conway field goal attempt, recovered the ball, but fumbled it on the return, which Texas recovered. Ernie Koy capped the ensuing 38-yard drive with a two-yard touchdown run to give the Longhorns a 21–7 lead at halftime.


1965 Orange Bowl, Game summary
In the second half, Texas was held scoreless, but Alabama was unable to take the lead with only ten additional points. The first score was a 20-yard Ray Perkins touchdown reception from Namath and the second on a 26-yard David Ray field goal early in the fourth quarter. Although on the losing side, Alabama quarterback Namath was selected as the game's outstanding player for completing 18 of 37 passes for 255 yards and a pair of touchdowns.


1965 Orange Bowl, Aftermath
The following day, Namath signed his record contract with the New York Jets of the American Football League (AFL), estimated at $400,000 over three years.


1965 Orange Bowl, Aftermath
Both final polls were released at the end of the regular season, prior to the bowls.


1965 Oregon State Beavers football team
The 1965 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University in the Athletic Association of Western Universities (AAWU) during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. In their first season under head coach Dee Andros, the Beavers compiled a 5–5 record (1–3 in AAWU, seventh), and were outscored 162 to 125. They had only three home games, two on campus at Parker Stadium in Corvallis and one at Multnomah Stadium in Portland.


1965 Oregon State Beavers football team
After ten seasons and a recent Rose Bowl appearance, head coach Tommy Prothro departed for UCLA in January 1965, and forty-year-old Andros was hired in early February. A Marine in World War II, he was the head coach at Idaho (1962–1964), and had played college football as a guard at Oklahoma in the late 1940s under head coach Bud Wilkinson. Andros led OSU for eleven years, through 1975, compiling a 51–64–1 (.444) record, (30–37–1 (.449) in AAWU/Pac-8), then was the athletic director until 1985.


1965 Oregon State Beavers football team
The Beavers defeated rival Oregon for a second consecutive year, this time on the road. It was the first of seven straight wins for Andros in the Civil War game.


1965 Oregon Webfoots football team
The 1965 Oregon Webfoots football team represented University of Oregon in the Athletic Association of Western Universities (AAWU) during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. The Webfoots were led by fifteenth-year head coach Len Casanova and finished with a record of four wins, five losses, and one tie (4–5–1 overall, 0–5 in AAWU, last).


1965 Oregon Webfoots football team
Three home games were played on campus at Hayward Field in Eugene and three at Multnomah Stadium in Portland.


1965 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo)
1965 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo) was the 59th water polo championship in Hungary. There were ten teams who played two-round match for the title.


1965 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), Final list
* M: Matches W: Win D: Drawn L: Lost G+: Goals earned G-: Goals got P: Point


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina
The 1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina was a series of matches played in Argentina, in Buenos Aires and Rosario, and in Brazil in 1965.


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina
A mixed selection, formed also of many international player of British national team, student at Oxford  and Cambridge universities was arranged for an historical tour, the third after the tours in 1948 and in 1956


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
C.U.B.A. : C. Aldao; C. Salinas, M. Lawson, J. Eiras, J. Pego¬raro; A. Cafferata, G. Elizalde; C.Fontán Balestra, A. Sáenz Valiente, C. Álvarez; C. Teloni, J. Estévez; A. Damas, J. Dumas, E.Gaviña (capt.) Oxford-Cambridge: S. Wilson; K, Houston, G. Franckom, D. Rosser, S. Fleming; R. Lamb (capt. ), J.Dorman; J. James, B. Hadman, C. Thorburn; I. Jones, J. Harvey; E. Gould, E. Lloyd, R. Britton.


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
Old Georgian Club: D. Morgan; G. Sorzana, D. Bush, G. Ed¬broke, P. Furie; J. Bush, M. Iribarne; D.Ker, A. Dunn, E. Goodliffe; E. Viel Temperley (capt. ), J. Lucas; A. Castro, R, Handley, R. FosterOxford-Cambridge: S. Wilson; T. Rudd, D. Rosser, R. Hearn, K. Slater; M. Gibson, J. Hamp-Ferguson; B. Hadman, M. Coley, C. Thornburn; I. Jones, F. Craig; K. Webb, B. Reos, E. Gould.


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
C. A. San Isidro: J. Lasalle; E. Macadam, M. Lawson, H. Rosati, C. Cornille; M. Beccar Varela, A.Etchegaray; M. Puigdevall, G. Scallan, J. O'Reilly; J. Gerlach, L. Varela (capt. ); A Monticelli, N.González del Solar, E. Verardo. Oxford-Cambridge: R. Lamb (capt. ); S. Femming, K. Houston, G. Frankcom, T. Rudd; M. Gibson, J. Dorman; C. Thorburn, B. Hadman, J. James; I. Jones, J. Harvey; R. Britton, B, Reos, K. Webb.


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
Córdoba: R. González del Solar; A. Quetglas, L. Rodríguez, N. Astrada, 0. Verde; J. Piuma, J. Del Valle; R. Loyola, P. Demo, J. Ramírez Montroull; J. Masjoan, R. Imas; C. Rivera, A. Paz, J. Coceo. Oxford-Cambridge: J. Houston; R. Fleming, D. Rosser, P. Frankcom, J. Slater; H. Lamb, J. Hamp-Ferguson; H. James, M. Coley, W. Thorburn; I. Jones, J. Craig; W. Webb, A. Lloyd, H. Gould.


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
Argentina B D. Morgan; C. Cornille, J. Benzi, M. Pas¬cual, A. Quetglas; R. Cazenave, A.Etchegaray; J. Ramírez Montroull, H. Silva (capital), J. Imhoff; G. Illia, A. Anthony; W. Aniz, R.Handley, H. Cresta. Oxford-Cambridge: S. Wilson; S. Fleming, K. Houston, D. Rosser, T. Rudd; M. Gibson, J. Hamp-Ferguson; C. Thorburn, B. Hadman, J. James; J. Harvey, I. Jones; K. Webb, B. Rees, R. Britton


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
Rosario:  J. Seaton; E. España (capitán), J. Benzi, E. Ferraza, E. Quetglas; J. Caballero, C. Cristie; M.Paván, J. Imhoff, J. Costante; M. Bouza, M. Chesta; J. Gómez Kenny, R. Seaton, R. Esmendi. Oxford-Cambridge: S. Wilson; K. Slater, G. Frankcom, D. Rosser, K. Houston; R. .Lamb (capitán), J. Dorman; M. Coley, B. Hadman, A. Herbert; F. Craig, J. Harvey; B. Reos, E. Lloyd, K. Webb.


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
Argentina: E. Poggi; E. España, A. Rodríguez Jura¬do, M. Pascual, R. Cazenave; M. Beccar Varela, L. Gradín;E. Scharenberg, H. Silva, R, Loyola; B. Otaño (capitán), L. García Yáñez; G. McCormick, N. González del Solar, R. FosterOxford-Cambridge: S. Wilson; T. Rudd, D. Rosser, G. Frankcom, K. Houston; M. Gibson, J. Hamp-Ferguson; J. James B. Hadman, C. Thornburn; I. Jones, F Craig; K. Webb, B. Reos, R. Britton


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
Belrano AC : J. Haack; C. Cornille, A. Gómez. Aparicio, Ro¬sati, E. de las Carreras; F Forrester, L.Gradín; R. Schmidt, E. Elowson, F. Caillet-Sois; C. Iribarne, A. Anderson; G. McCormick, G. Luchetti, E. Verardo. Oxford-Cambridge: K. Houston; S. Fleming, D. Rosser, D. Hearn, K. Slater; R. Lamb, J. Dorman; J. Herbert, M. Coley, J. James; F. Craig, J. Harvey; R. Britton, E. Lloyd, C. Thorburn.


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
Argentina: E. Poggi; E. España, A. Rodríguez Ju¬rado. M. Pascual, E. Neri: M, Beccar Varela, L. Gradín; R. Loyola, L. García Yáñez, E, Scharenberg; A Otaño (capitán), A. Anthony; R. Foster, N. González del Solar, G. McCormick. Oxford-Cambridge: S. Wilson: S. Fleming, K. Houston, G. Frankcom, T. Rudd; M. Gibson, J. Hamp-Ferguson: F. Thorburn, B. Hadman, J. James; F. Craig, I. Jones, Webb, B. Rees, R. Britton.


1965 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina, Matches of the tour
Second division XV: J. Ferrer; A. Chiocconi, A. Pagano, J. Vila, H. Houssay; J. Iudice, C. Cullen; M. Ortiz, J. Cornejo Saravia, A. Da Milano; G. Salas, E. Garat; I. Lafuente; C. Massabó, H.Beltrame. Oxford-Cambridge: M. Gibson; K, Slater, K. Houston, D. Hearn, G. Frankcom; R. Lamb, J. Dorman;C. Thorburn, B. Hadman, J. James; F. Craig, J. Harvey; I. Jones, E. Lloyd, R. Britton.


1965 Oxley state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Oxley on 6 May 1965 following the death of Les Jordan (Liberal).


1965 PGA Championship
The 1965 PGA Championship was the 47th PGA Championship, played August 12–15 at Laurel Valley Golf Club in Ligonier, Pennsylvania, a suburb southeast of Pittsburgh. Dave Marr won his only major championship, two strokes ahead of runners-up Billy Casper and Jack Nicklaus.


1965 PGA Championship
Marr was the co-leader after 54 holes with Tommy Aaron, a stroke ahead of Gardner Dickinson and two shots ahead of major champions Nicklaus and Casper. Aaron shot 78 and Dickinson 74 on Sunday, while Marr matched an even-par 71 with Nicklaus and Casper.


1965 PGA Championship
Not far from his hometown of Latrobe, Laurel Valley was co-founded by Arnold Palmer in 1959, who had another disappointing major in his home state and finished 14 strokes back, tied for 33rd. Three years earlier, he lost an 18-hole playoff to Nicklaus in the U.S. Open at Oakmont near Pittsburgh, then finished tied for 17th five weeks later at the PGA Championship at Aronimink, outside Philadelphia. (Palmer won the other two majors of 1962, the Masters and the Open Championship, but never won the PGA Championship for a career grand slam.)


1965 PGA Championship
After the practice rounds, a 60-foot (18 m) fir tree was installed on the par-5 third hole to prevent corner-cutting from the tee to an adjacent fairway, over the objections of the club professional.


1965 PGA Championship
This was the final PGA Championship appearance for two-time champion Ben Hogan, age 53, who tied for 15th place. After his near-fatal auto accident in early 1949, Hogan's legs could not withstand the grueling match play schedule and he did not play again in the championship until it became a stroke play event. He missed the 54-hole cut by a stroke in 1960 and tied for ninth place in 1964. Hogan won the title as a match play event in 1946 and 1948. Twenty former champions were in the field and twelve made the cut. Palmer was assessed a two-stroke penalty in both of the first two rounds and was at 147 (+5), ten shots back.


1965 PGA Championship
A decade later, Laurel Valley hosted the Ryder Cup in 1975, the last Ryder Cup held in the U.S. without players from continental Europe.


1965 PGA Championship, Television
This was the first PGA Championship televised by the ABC network, which retained the broadcast rights through 1990, when it was succeeded by CBS.


1965 PGA Tour
The 1965 PGA Tour season was played from January 8 to November 28. The season consisted of 40 official money events. Jack Nicklaus won the most tournaments, five, and there were six first-time winners. Jack Nicklaus was the leading money winner with earnings of $140,752. Dave Marr was voted the PGA Player of the Year and Billy Casper won the Vardon Trophy for the lowest scoring average.


1965 PGA Tour, Tournament results
The following table shows all the official money events for the 1965 season. "Date" is the ending date of the tournament. The numbers in parentheses after the winners' names are the number of wins they had on the tour up to and including that event. Majors are shown in bold.


1965 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates
This is a list of the 1965 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates.


1965 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates
There were 49 players at the 1965 event. The school began on Monday October 25 and lasted 10 days in total. During the first three days, the players exclusively attended lectures. The topics included player conduct, the rules of golf, the relationship between golf and the law, and a number of other issues. Professional golfers like Chick Harbert, Jack Burke Jr., and Dave Marr provided the lectures.


1965 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates
On Thursday October 28, the golf tournament proper began. It was played at PGA National Golf Club in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida over 144 holes and lasted one week. Seventeen players graduated.


1965 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates
According to Billy Booe, PGA Tournament Administrator, "it was not an impressive group" of graduates. As of May 1966, only 4 of the 17 of them had made any money on tour and only two of them had been in the money multiple times.


1965 Pacific Tigers football team
The 1965 Pacific Tigers football team represented the University of the Pacific during the 1965 NCAA College Division football season.


1965 Pacific Tigers football team
Pacific competed as an independent in 1965. They played home games in Pacific Memorial Stadium in Stockton, California. In their second (and last) season under head coach Don Campora, the Tigers finished with a record of one win and eight losses (1–8). For the 1965 season they were outscored by their opponents 81–250.


1965 Pacific Tigers football team, Team players in the NFL
No University of the Pacific players were selected in the 1965 NFL Draft.


1965 Pacific Tigers football team, Team players in the NFL
The following finished their college career at Pacific, were not drafted, but played in the AFL or NFL starting with the 1966 season.


1965 Pacific hurricane season
The 1965 Pacific hurricane season officially started May 15, 1965, in the eastern Pacific, and June 1, 1965, in the central Pacific, and lasted until November 30, 1965. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeast Pacific Ocean. A total of ten systems were observed. The most notable storm was Tropical Storm Hazel, which killed six people in Mexico.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Victoria
On June 4, a tropical depression formed 585 miles (945 km) southwest of Acapulco, Mexico Early the next day, the depression system intensified into the first tropical storm of the season and was named Victoria. At that time, the storm was at its peak intensity of 50 mph (85 km/h) which it retained while moving the northwest. Early on June 7, the tropical storm weakened into a tropical depression before dissipating six hours later. In all, Tropical Storm Victoria stayed at sea.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Wallie
Early on the morning of June 17, a tropical depression formed 185 miles (300 km/h) west of Puerto Angel, Mexico. The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Wallie. Meanwhile, Wallie was at its peak intensity of 50 mph (85 km/h). Wallie headed northwest and degenerated into an area of low pressure just off the Mexican coast early on June 18. The remnant low made landfall in the near Zihuatanejo, Mexico early on June 18. The low dissipated later that day.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Wallie
Damage in Mexico from Wallie was described as the worst in eight years. Monetary damages were described was being in the "thousands", however an exact damage total is unknown. No deaths were reported due to the storm.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Ava
Early on June 29, a tropical storm was identified 535 miles (860 km) south of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico and named Ava. At that time, the storm was at peak intensity of 50 mph (85 km/h). However, Tropical Storm Ava weakened into a tropical depression within 24 hours. Late on June 30, the depression re-strengthened into a tropical storm and regained peak intensity. At this time, the storm took a track that went north and back south gently. On July 3, Tropical Storm Ava weakened into a tropical depression. Ava dissipated early on July 5. The tropical storm stayed at sea, and no damage was reported.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Bernice
On June 30, Tropical Storm Bernice formed. At this time, the system was located 275 miles (445 km) south of Puerto Angel, Mexico. For the next few days, the storm moved northeastward, while maintaining peak intensity of 50 mph (85 km/h). On July 5, Bernice stopped its northeastward motion and began to turn east, Berice dissipating on July 8, without ever impacting any land masses.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Claudia
During the afternoon of August 7, a tropical depression formed 150 miles southwest of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. On August 8, the cyclone strengthened into Tropical Storm Claudia. At that time, Claudia was reaching its peak intensity of 50 mph (85 km/h), while also beginning to recurve to the north. The storm remained at peak intensity while re-curving until August 10 when the wind speeds decreased slightly and advisories were discontinued. The storm never affected land.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Doreen
Late on August 19, Tropical Storm Doreen was first located with a TIROS satellite image. The next day, a ship, the San Juan Prospector reported winds of 40 knots (45 mph, 70 km/h) and a pressure of 975 mbar (hPa). At this time, Doreen was moving to the northwest as 10 knots. On August 21, Doreen altered its course to the west, but reversed back to its original heading the next day. On August 22, the ship Kyoyu Maru, which was just north of the storm's center reported winds of 60 knots (70 mph, 115 km/h).


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Doreen
Over the next few days, the storm gently recurved northward but then slowed down and headed to the southwest. On August 30, Tropical Storm Doreen crossed the Central Pacific where it dissipated the next morning. During the course of the system, 13 ships reported winds related to Doreen,  but no damage was reported.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Emily
On August 30, a moderate tropical storm developed. It slowing intensified, becoming the first hurricane of this season at 1200 UTC August 31. Emily began to weaken while moving northward in the Eastern Pacific. On 0000 UTC time September 3, Emily weakened into a tropical depression. It hit Baja California at the same intensity on September 6. According to one source, Emily was the first potentially hazardous storm in many years to approach Southern California. It approached Southern California while the SEALAB II Project was underway at La Jolla, California. There was concern that waves from Emily would move the Berkone, a support ship for SEALAB, away from the SEALAB site as the project would have to be halted. Rainfall totals reach 1 in (25 mm) in isolated areas.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Florence
Tropical Storm Florence first formed on September 8 as a tropical depression. After 24 hours, Florence intensified into a tropical storm. At that time, the cyclone peaked with 50 mph (80 km/h) winds. However, on September 11, Florence suddenly weakened. After maintaining its intensity for a while, the depression was declared dissipated. Florence stayed at sea and no deaths or damage were reported.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Glenda
Tropical Storm Glenda formed on September 13 and maintained the same intensity of 50 mph(85 km/h) for nine days before advisories were dropped.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Hazel
Hazel developed from a northward-moving disturbance that originated southeast of Socorro Island. After reaching tropical storm strength on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale, the cyclone turned to the east-northeast – a motion confirmed by a ship report. The storm made landfall near Mazatlán on September 26 and quickly became extratropical. Thousands more were left homeless. Mazatlán's shrimp fleet, which makes up the base of the city's economy, suffered major damage, while in southern Sinaloa, 55,000 acres of cotton, corn, and sorghum were lost. At least 50 boats were damaged or sunk by the storm. The damage from the storm was estimated at $10 million (1965 USD) and possibly more, making Hazel the costliest tropical cyclone of the season.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating
Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) is a measure of the activity of a hurricane season. It is calculated by squaring the windspeed of a cyclone with at least tropical storm-force winds every six hours, summing the results, and dividing that total by 104. As a tropical cyclone does not have gale-force winds until it becomes a tropical storm, tropical depressions are not included in these tables. For all storms, ACE is given to three significant figures. The ACE in the east Pacific proper (140°W to North America) is given; the ACE in the central Pacific (the International Date Line to 140°W) is given in brackets.


1965 Pacific hurricane season, Storm names
The following names were used for named storms that formed in the eastern Pacific in 1965. This is a part of list 2, which was used from 1960 to 1965. Names that were not assigned are marked in gray. The name Hazel was retired and replaced with Heather in 1969.


1965 Pacific typhoon season
The 1965 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1965, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.


1965 Pacific typhoon season
The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1965 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems
40 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 35 became tropical storms. 21 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which a record-tying 11 reached super typhoon strength and 8 reached category 5.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, CMA Tropical Depression 4
The depression stayed at sea and it did not last long at all.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Dinah (Huling)
A surge in the southern hemisphere indraft developed into Tropical Depression 11W on June 12 to the east of the Philippines. It tracked west-northwestward, quickly strengthening to a tropical storm that day and a typhoon on the 13th. Dinah continued to quickly intensify as it turned to the northwest, and attained a peak of 185 mph on the 17th to the northeast of Luzon. Its southerly inflow was cut off, and Dinah weakened as it turned to the north.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Dinah (Huling)
It hit southern Taiwan on the 18th as a 140 mph typhoon, and weakened greatly over the island to a tropical storm. At this time, Dinah exhibited a rare false radar eye. Dinah turned to the northeast, where it became extratropical near Japan on June 20. The storm killed 45 people on its path, and destroyed 5000 homes on Taiwan.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Freda (Miling)
160 mph Super Typhoon Freda, which began its life on July 6, hit northern Luzon on the 13th. It crossed the island and the South China Sea, where it hit Hainan Island as a 115 mph typhoon on the 15th. Freda dissipated the next day over China, after causing heavy flooding killing an unknown number of people. In Hong Kong, Freda killed 2 people.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, CMA Tropical Depression 18
The depression stayed away from land, yet it did not last long.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Severe Tropical Storm Gilda (Narsing)
Gilda did not last long, although it caused some damage.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Jean (Rubing)
Super Typhoon Jean, after reaching a peak of 160 mph on August 3, weakened slightly to hit southwestern Japan as a 150 mph super typhoon on August 5. The typhoon brought heavy winds to Southern Japan before becoming extratropical on the 7th. Typhoon Jean killed 28 people throughout Southern Japan.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Ivy (Pining)
Ivy did a loop and only survived 5 days before dissipating.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Lucy
On August 14 a tropical depression formed and was named Lucy after it became a tropical storm. Lucy became a typhoon and soon into a 175 mph super typhoon. Lucy weakened and struck Japan as a minimal typhoon. Lucy dissipated on August 24.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Mary (Saling)
175 mph Super Typhoon Mary weakened from its peak to hit eastern Taiwan on August 18 as a 105 mph typhoon. The typhoon brought strong winds and heavy rain before dissipating over China on the 20th.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Shirley
130 mph Typhoon Shirley, after weakening from a peak of 150 mph, hit southern Japan on September 10, causing moderate damage and heavy rain. Resulting floods and landslides killed 67 people and left 6 missing.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Trix (Walding)
Typhoon Trix struck central Honshū Island in Japan just days after Typhoon Shirley. Trix caused heavy rains 98 people were killed and 9 were missing due to the resulting flooding and landslides.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Bess
Bess was the strongest storm of the season. The storm formed on September 27 northeast of Palau and dissipated on October 6 north of Japan.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Super Typhoon Carmen
Carmen rapidly intensified in the vicinity of Agrihan, the pressure was at 970 hectopascals at 18:00 UTC on October 5, and then it rapidly decreased to 914 hectopascals at 18:00 UTC on October 6, and reached a maximum wind speed of 175 miles per hour (282 km/h). On 7 October 1965, seven Japanese fishing vessels capsized in the stormy seas. According to the Japan Coast Guard official confirmed report, 209 crewmen were killed.


1965 Pacific typhoon season, Storm names, Philippines, Unused names
The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1969 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in gray.


1965 Pakistani presidential election
Pakistan's second Presidential Elections were held on 2 January 1965. The voting was to be indirect, as the President had to be elected by the 80,000 "basic democrats", who made up the Electoral College. These basic Democrats were basically democratically elected public representatives who served in the Divisional, District, Tehsil or Union councils.


1965 Pakistani presidential election
There were two major parties contesting the elections: the Convention Muslim League and the Combined Opposition Parties. The Combined Opposition Parties consisted of five major opposition parties, and had a nine-point program, which included restoration of parliamentary democracy and introduction of direct elections and adult franchise. The Combined Opposition Parties had no single leadership and were therefore, unable to select a presidential candidate from amongst themselves. Hence, they chose Fatima Jinnah as their candidate who was seen as an undisputed leader due to her relationship with Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Meanwhile, the candidate for Convention Muslim League was the incumbent President Mohammed Ayub Khan.


1965 Pakistani presidential election, Election campaign
There were four candidates: Ayub Khan, Fatima Jinnah and two obscure people with no party affiliation. There was a short campaigning period of one month, which was further restricted to nine projection meetings that were organized by the Election Commission and were attended only by the members of the Electoral College and members of the press. The public was barred from attending the projection meetings, which would have enhanced Fatima Jinnah's image.


1965 Pakistani presidential election, Election campaign, Ayub Khan
Ayub Khan had came to power in 1958 following the declaration of the 1958 Pakistani coup d'etat. Since then, he had been serving as a President. He consolidated his position as a Constitutional ruler by drafting the 1962 constitution. At the time the elections were held, Ayub had introduced a number of Economic reforms that had increased the growth rate of the country and had also pulled it out of the severe economic crisis that had begun after the assassination of Prime Minister L.A Khan in 1951. This had made Ayub a popular ruler. Moreover, being the Commander in Chief of Army, he took several steps to turn the odds in his favour. He didn't even hesitate to legislate on electoral matters, giving him an edge over rival candidate, Fatima Jinnah.


1965 Pakistani presidential election, Election campaign, Fatima Jinnah
The campaign of Fatima Jinnah suffered from a number of setbacks. An unfair and unequal election campaign, poor finances, and indirect elections through the Basic Democracy System were some of the primary problems she faced. However, she had overwhelming support among the public. Many had sympathies with her as she was the sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, whilst others saw her an excellent figure to challenge Ayub Khan's Military Dictatorship. Although many clerics had denounced her with the view that a woman cannot lead a Muslim state, several religious leaders also supported her. The Jamaat-e-Islami led by Maududi, was a keen supporter of Ms. Jinnah's campaign as she was a conservative motivated by religious views, as compared to secular Ayub Khan.


1965 Pakistani presidential election, Results and aftermath
The election results came in favour of the incumbent President Ayub Khan, who, despite losing the popular vote, won 62.43% of the Electoral vote, thanks to faithless electors. Fatima Jinnah won 35.86% of the electoral college votes. Ms. Jinnah was however extremely successful in some areas of the country. She had swept across major urban centres such as Karachi and Dhaka. Ayub also faced disappointing results in East Pakistan. However, Ayub had decisively triumphed in rural Pakistan. As majority of the Electoral College consisted of representatives from the rural setup, Ayub was able to win a clear majority.


1965 Pakistani presidential election, Results and aftermath
The election results were not accepted by the Combined Opposition Parties, who accused Ayub Khan of rigging. The COP staged demonstrations and protests, however, didn't gain much public support as Ms. Jinnah accepted the election results. The Election had an effective result. It further strengthened the role of Women in politics in Pakistan. Earlier there were only a handful of women politicians, however since this election women began to enter politics in large numbers and even started to contest for higher posts.


1965 Palanca Awards
The Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature winners in 1965 (rank, title of winning entry, name of author).


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak
On April 10–12, 1965, a devastating severe weather event affected the Midwestern and Southeastern United States. The tornado outbreak produced 55 confirmed tornadoes in one day and 16 hours. The worst part of the outbreak occurred during the afternoon hours of April 11 into the overnight hours going into April 12.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak
The second-largest tornado outbreak on record at the time, this deadly series of tornadoes, which became known as the 1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, inflicted a swath of destruction from Cedar County, Iowa, to Cuyahoga County, Ohio, and a swath 450 miles long (724 km) from Kent County, Michigan, to Montgomery County, Indiana. The main part of the outbreak lasted 16 hours and 35 minutes and is among the most intense outbreaks, in terms of tornado strength, ever recorded, including at least four "double/twin funnel" tornadoes. In all, the outbreak killed 266 people, injured 3,662 others, and caused $1.217 billion (1965 USD) in damage.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
A vigorous extratropical cyclone centered over the northeastern High Plains, in the region of the Dakotas, was the primary catalyst for widespread severe weather on April 11, 1965. As early as the preceding day, a strong jet stream in the upper two-thirds of the troposphere traversed the southern Great Plains and was responsible for an outbreak of tornadoes from the Kansas–Missouri border to Central Arkansas, including a violent tornado that struck the town of Conway in Faulkner County, Arkansas, killing six people and injuring 200.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
The following morning, at 7:00 a.m. CDT (12:00 UTC), data from radiosondes indicated wind speeds of 120–150 kn (140–170 mph; 220–280 km/h) between the altitudes of 18,000–30,000 ft (5,500–9,100 m) over the Sonoran–Chihuahua Deserts and the Arizona/New Mexico Mountains. Meanwhile, at 10,000 ft (3,000 m), winds of 70 kn (81 mph; 130 km/h) impinged on the southern Great Plains. Retreating northward, a warm front interacted with a shortwave to produce isolated thunderstorms from northern Missouri and Central Illinois to the Lower Peninsula of Michigan.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
The well-defined surface cyclone over the High Plains intensified as it headed into Iowa, its central pressure decreasing from 990 to 985 mb (29.23 to 29.09 inHg) by 1:00 p.m. CDT (18:00 UTC). As the warm front bisected central Iowa and stretched into Illinois and Indiana, a cold front and very dry air aloft—indicative of a potent elevated mixed layer—departed from eastern Kansas. Strong winds transported steep lapse rates within the elevated mixed layer eastward across the Great Plains. Concomitant destabilization of the atmosphere occurred over the warm sector due to abundant sunshine from the elevated mixed layer.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
High temperatures ranged from 83 to 85 °F (28 to 29 °C) from Chicago to St. Louis. Simultaneously, a strong low-level jet stream brought a moistening air mass northward: dew points of at least 60 °F (16 °C) reached southernmost Illinois and Indiana by 10:00 a.m. CDT (15:00 UTC). Meanwhile, a pronounced dry line-like boundary near the cold front moved into eastern sections of Arkansas and Missouri. Weather stations from Topeka, Kansas, to Peoria, Illinois, showed very strong vertical shear that favored intense low-level convergence—combined with a moist dew point in the warm sector, an environment favorable for supercell thunderstorms.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
A weather balloon launched from Dodge City, Kansas, recorded winds of 185 mph (298 km/h) aloft; another at Peoria, Illinois, subsequently measured 135 kn (155 mph; 250 km/h). Minimum dew points of 60 °F (16 °C) reached as far north as southern Michigan by mid afternoon. Volatile atmospheric conditions led to thunderstorm activity over eastern Iowa by 1:40–48 p.m. CDT (18:40–48 UTC), the first supercell of which produced the initial tornado of the day.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
By 6:00 p.m. CDT (23:00 UTC), instability reached record proportions for the time of year over a wide area, with convective available potential energy (CAPE) of at least 1,000 j/kg in the mixed layer over much of Indiana and southernmost Michigan. Record-breaking ambient vertical wind shear in the lowest 6 km (3.7 mi; 20,000 ft; 6,000 m) of the atmosphere facilitated the explosive development of long-lived mesocyclones and thus long-tracked tornado families.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
The very strong shear and rapid forward speed of the storms—up to 70 mph (110 km/h) in some cases—may have enhanced the formation of cyclic supercells and could account for numerous reports of multiple mesocyclones and twin tornadoes, including the famous "twin tornadoes" near Elkhart, Indiana; similar conditions yielded the Tri-State Tornado, the longest-tracked and deadliest in U.S. history, on March 18, 1925.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
At 11:45 a.m. CDT (16:45 UTC) on April 11, the Severe Local Storms Unit (SELS) in Kansas City, Missouri, issued an outlook that mentioned the possibility of tornadoes from northeastern Missouri to the northernmost two-thirds of Indiana. At 2:00 p.m. CDT (19:00 UTC)—fifteen minutes after the first tornado was spotted—the first tornado watch of the day was issued, covering portions of northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin. A total of four watches were issued on April 11–12.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
Radio news reporter Martin Jensen, then stationed at the WMT Station in Cedar Rapids, reported the first tornado of the day forming at 1:45 p.m. CDT (18:45 UTC). The station was equipped with a Collins Radio aviation radar mounted on the roof of the station building and was used to support severe weather reports on local and regional newscasts. After detecting the severe thunderstorm, the reporter called Weather Bureau offices in Waterloo (which had no radar) and Des Moines to alert them about the storm.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Background
The phone call became the first hard evidence for the Weather Bureau regarding the growing threat of severe storms that spawned dozens of tornadoes over the next 12 hours. For the first time in the U.S. Weather Bureau's history, an entire Weather Bureau Office's jurisdiction, in Northern Indiana, was under a tornado warning; this was termed a "blanket tornado warning" and was later used by several National Weather Service (NWS) offices on April 3, 1974.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Lakewood–Crystal Lake–Burtons Bridge–Island Lake, Illinois
This devastating tornado was first detected at 4:27 p.m. CDT (21:27 UTC), but officially touched down seven minutes earlier, in Lakewood. At that time the tornado first produced visible damage, at the Crystal Lake Country Club; two firs on the golf course were prostrated. Initially narrow, the tornado subsequently and rapidly widened to 1,300 feet (400 m). Crossing Nash Street and McHenry Avenue in Crystal Lake, the tornado unroofed or severely damaged several houses. Alongside U.S. Route 14 the tornado claimed its first fatality, a man in a barn. Nearby gas stations and a strip mall were damaged.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Lakewood–Crystal Lake–Burtons Bridge–Island Lake, Illinois
At the latter place, a roof sheltering a Piggly Wiggly and a Neisner's collapsed, trapping 20 or more people below. The tornado tossed cars about in the parking lot as well. Shortly afterward, the tornado struck the Colby subdivision, destroying or severely damaging 155 homes. F4-level damage occurred as several homes were completely swept off their foundations. Four deaths occurred in the neighborhood, including three in one family whose home was obliterated. Their bodies were located two blocks distant and a pickup truck was found to have landed in the basement. The tornado scattered debris from the Colby subdivision up to a one-half mile (0.80 km) away.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Lakewood–Crystal Lake–Burtons Bridge–Island Lake, Illinois
After ravaging the Colby neighborhood, the tornado destroyed a number of warehouses and shattered windows. A diesel plant, a wallpaper factory, and a manufacturer sustained damage ranging from light to heavy. The tornado then extensively damaged the Orchard Acres subdivision, crossed Illinois Route 31, and apparently weakened before impacting farmland. A few barns and isolated trees were damaged. The tornado may have dissipated and reformed as a new tornado near the Fox River. The tornado also struck the community of Burtons Bridge.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Lakewood–Crystal Lake–Burtons Bridge–Island Lake, Illinois
The tornado, now 500 to 800 yards (460 to 730 m) wide, then restrengthened and felled mature oak trees as it crested a precipitous hill before striking Bay View Beach. There the tornado badly damaged a number of homes and downed willow trees. Finally, the tornado intersected Illinois Route 176 and produced its final swath of significant damage in Island Lake. In Island Lake the tornado tossed boats ashore, wrecked piers, and caused homes to collapse, resulting in one additional death. The tornado also displaced several homes from their foundations. The tornado neared U.S. Route 12 as it dissipated at 3:42 p.m. CST (21:42 UTC). Damage estimates were set at about $1.5 million.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Midway, Indiana
This was the most famous and well-publicized of the Palm Sunday tornadoes, often remembered as the first of two F4 tornadoes to hit the Dunlap (Elkhart)–Goshen area. It formed near the St. Joseph–Elkhart County border and tracked northeastward, striking Wakarusa, where it caused severe damage and killed a child. The tornado then intensified significantly as it moved toward northern Goshen and the Midway Trailer Court.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Midway, Indiana
As it neared the trailer park, Elkhart Truth reporter Paul Huffman, then reporting on severe weather, overheard a report of a tornado approaching his position on U.S. Route 33, about 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Midway. As Huffman awaited the storm, he noticed the tornado approaching from the southwest, so he began taking a series of photographs, six in all. The photographs captured the evolution of the storm into twin funnels as it struck the trailer park, with each funnel gyrating around a central point yet only producing one damage swath.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Midway, Indiana
The tornado struck the trailer park at 6:32 p.m. CDT (23:32 UTC). (Roughly 45 minutes later, another F4 tornado passed just to the north of the Midway Trailer Court, splitting into yet another pair of funnels as it struck the Sunnyside neighborhood in Dunlap.) The tornado obliterated roughly 80% of the trailer park, with 10 deaths, and caused F4 damage to numerous other homes near Middlebury, some of which were swept clean. Three more people died in the Middlebury area before the tornado ended.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Midway, Indiana
While officially considered one tornado, recent studies indicate that the event consisted of two tornadoes and was not a multiple-vortex event. Unofficial estimates of the death toll vary, with Grazulis listing 14 deaths instead of the 31 appearing in the official National Climatic Data Center/National Centers for Environmental Information  (NCDC/NCEI) database. An airplane wing from Goshen Airport was found 35 miles (56 km) away in Centreville, Michigan.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Coldwater Lake–Southern Hillsdale–Manitou Beach–Devils Lake–Southern Tecumseh, Michigan (two tornadoes)
With the telephone lines down, emergency services in Elkhart County, Indiana, could not warn Michigan residents that the tornadoes were headed their way. From the Detroit Metropolitan Airport, the radar operator at the U.S. Weather Bureau Office (WBO) observed that the thunderstorms over Northern Indiana and western Lower Michigan were moving east-northeastward at 70 mph (110 km/h). Of the southernmost counties of Michigan, all but three—Berrien, Cass, and St. Joseph—were hit.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Coldwater Lake–Southern Hillsdale–Manitou Beach–Devils Lake–Southern Tecumseh, Michigan (two tornadoes)
Starting just south of the Indiana-Michigan state line, near Orland, the first, deadliest, and strongest of two massive tornadoes, each rated F4, debarked trees and leveled homes on the shoreline of Lake Pleasant in Steuben County. Crossing into Branch County, Michigan, the tornado damaged more homes in East Gilead. The tornado was up to 1 mile (1.6 km) wide as it obliterated homes on Coldwater Lake; 18 deaths occurred there. Debris from the empty foundations was strewn over the surface of the lake and deposited in a small cove.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Coldwater Lake–Southern Hillsdale–Manitou Beach–Devils Lake–Southern Tecumseh, Michigan (two tornadoes)
The tornado destroyed 200 homes and caused one additional death as it traversed Branch County. After striking Coldwater Lake, the tornado widened even further, up to 2 miles (3.2 km) across, destroying a century-old farmhouse and killing a family of six near Reading. The tornado then narrowed back to 1 mile (1.6 km) as it struck Baw Beese Lake, near the southern edge of Hillsdale. The tornado hurled a New York Central Railroad freight train into Baw Beese Lake. Across Hillsdale County the tornado killed 11 or more people and destroyed 177 homes.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Coldwater Lake–Southern Hillsdale–Manitou Beach–Devils Lake–Southern Tecumseh, Michigan (two tornadoes)
Entering Lenawee County, the tornado traversed the Irish Hills and approached Manitou Beach–Devils Lake. As it struck Manitou Beach–Devils Lake, the tornado destroyed the Manitou Beach Baptist Church; of the 50 people then in attendance for Palm Sunday services, 26 failed to reach shelter in time and were stranded beneath debris for up to two hours. Eight fatalities occurred in the church. The local dance pavilion on Devils Lake was demolished, having recently been rebuilt after a fire on Labor Day in 1963.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Coldwater Lake–Southern Hillsdale–Manitou Beach–Devils Lake–Southern Tecumseh, Michigan (two tornadoes)
One of the tornadoes damaged parts of Onsted; in the nearby village of Tipton, which suffered a direct hit, 94% of the town's buildings were damaged or destroyed. Across Lenawee County the tornado destroyed 189 homes. About 30 minutes later, the Manitou Beach–Devils Lake area in Lenawee County was hit by the second of the two tornadoes, causing numerous fatalities, including a family of six in eastern Lenawee County. Many homes were hit twice.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Coldwater Lake–Southern Hillsdale–Manitou Beach–Devils Lake–Southern Tecumseh, Michigan (two tornadoes)
One or both F4 tornadoes struck the then-Village of Milan, south of Ann Arbor. The Wolverine Plastics building on the Monroe County side of town, then the top employer in the village, was destroyed with the roof being completely removed in the process. The Milan Junior High School was seriously damaged along with the adjacent, senior high school, disused since 1958, at Hurd and North streets, on the Washtenaw County side of Milan. Milan became a city in 1967; opened a new Middle School in 1969, which replaced the old Junior High School; and eventually demolished the 1900 building that housed the former junior and senior high schools.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Coldwater Lake–Southern Hillsdale–Manitou Beach–Devils Lake–Southern Tecumseh, Michigan (two tornadoes)
The first of the F4 tornadoes produced a 151-mile-per-hour (243 km/h) wind gust at Tecumseh—the highest wind measurement in a tornado until a measurement of 276 mph (444 km/h) near Red Rock, Oklahoma, on April 26, 1991; a higher measurement of 318 mph (512 km/h)—later corrected to 307 mph (494 km/h)—in the F5 tornado of May 3, 1999, broke this record. Damage from the two tornadoes was difficult to separate and covered more than 2 to 4 miles (3.2 to 6.4 km) across, including much downburst and microburst destruction. Total damage estimates from the two tornadoes were $32 million with more than 550 homes, a church, and 100 cottages destroyed.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Southern Elkhart–Dunlap, Indiana
This was the second and deadliest of two violent tornadoes to strike the Elkhart–Goshen area, with the highest single-tornado death toll in the outbreak. It hit Dunlap about an hour after another F4 tornado hit the Midway trailer park a short distance to the southeast. Few people received warning due to the passage of the earlier storm, which disrupted communications and downed power lines, thereby affecting rescue efforts after the earlier tornado as well. The Dunlap tornado first produced tree damage beginning just west of State Road 331.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Southern Elkhart–Dunlap, Indiana
Prior to crossing the St. Joseph–Elkhart county line, the tornado claimed its first two fatalities. As the tornado neared Dunlap, it intensified into an extremely violent tornado. It then devastated the Sunnyside Housing addition and the unoccupied Sunnyside Mennonite Church. The Sunnyside subdivision was completely destroyed, with many homes swept away. The Kingston Heights subdivision was similarly devastated. The death toll from the two subdivisions was 28 people, with another six killed in a home and truck stop at the junction of State Road 15 and U.S. Route 20.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Southern Elkhart–Dunlap, Indiana
The Palm Sunday Tornado Memorial Park now exists near this location, at the corner of County Road 45 and Cole Street in Dunlap (). After striking Dunlap, the tornado apparently weakened somewhat, but still generated extensive damage eastward to Hunter Lake. Shortly before dissipating, the tornado tossed cars off the Indiana Turnpike near Scott. Like the Midway tornado, the Dunlap event was also was witnessed as twin funnels: a photographer standing amidst the wreckage of the Midway Trailer Court captured the Dunlap tornado as it passed just to the north. It may have been the strongest tornado on April 11; in fact, Grazulis and other sources have assigned an F5 rating to the tornado, though it is officially rated F4.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Russiaville–Alto–Southern Kokomo–Greentown–Southern Marion, Indiana
As the Lafayette–Middlefork tornado dissipated, a new tornado developed nearby without a definite break in the damage path. Due to changes in the intensity of the damage, surveyors split the path into two separate tornadoes. At about 7:28 p.m. CDT (00:28 UTC), the new, rapidly strengthening tornado hit Russiaville, causing severe damage to the entire community. The 3⁄4-mile-wide (1.2 km) tornado destroyed or damaged 90% of the community, though most of the damage ranged from F0–F3.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Russiaville–Alto–Southern Kokomo–Greentown–Southern Marion, Indiana
The tornado then widened to 1 mile (1.6 km) across as it moved into nearby Alto, causing F4-level damage to homes, before striking the southern edge of the larger city of Kokomo. Collectively, the tornado destroyed 100 homes in Alto and Kokomo. The Maple Crest apartment complex was unroofed and incurred the collapse of its uppermost walls. As the tornado continued eastward, it apparently intensified and killed ten people in Greentown, most of whom had been in automobiles. The tornado destroyed 80 homes, many of which it obliterated and swept away, as it struck multiple subdivisions in the Greentown area.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Russiaville–Alto–Southern Kokomo–Greentown–Southern Marion, Indiana
In all, the tornado killed 18 people and injured another 600 in Howard County alone. Just south of Swayzee, the tornado leveled some more homes and caused three additional deaths. As it struck the southern outskirts of Marion, the tornado leveled a pair of homes, partly unroofed a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital, and wrecked the Panorama shopping center. 20 injuries occurred at the VA hospital, and looters scavenged the shopping center. Several homes were destroyed and hundreds others damaged in Marion as well. The tornado killed five people as it traversed Grant County. Losses totaled $500.025 million, $12 million alone of which occurred near Marion.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Pittsfield–Grafton–Strongsville, Ohio
Shortly after 11:00 p.m. CDT (04:00 UTC), a tornado touched down in Lorain County, Ohio, and headed east-northeastward. Around 11:12 p.m. CDT (04:12 UTC), the 1⁄4-mile-wide (0.40 km) tornado struck Pittsfield, Ohio, then located at the junction of Ohio State Route 303 and Ohio State Road 58. Of the settlement's 50 residents, the tornado killed seven. The tornado also killed two motorists whose arrival in town coincided with the tornado's. According to the U.S. Weather Bureau Office (WBO) in Cleveland, Ohio, the tornado produced "total" devastation as it struck Pittsfield. The tornado destroyed 12 homes, six of which "literally vanished," along with a combined gas station/grocery store, a pair of churches, and the town hall. The tornado also toppled a statue at a Civil War monument, but the concrete base of the statue remained standing.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Confirmed tornadoes, Pittsfield–Grafton–Strongsville, Ohio
After ravaging Pittsfield, the tornado damaged 200 homes in and near Grafton, some of which indicated F2-level intensity. A total of 17 homes were severely damaged in nearby LaGrange and Columbia Station. As the tornado reached the Cleveland metropolitan area, it diverged into two paths about a one-half mile (0.80 km) apart. Several witnesses also saw two funnels merging into one, similar to the Midway–Dunlap tornadoes. Large trees situated 50 feet (15 m) apart were found to have been felled in opposite directions. The tornado displayed borderline-F5-level damage in northernmost Strongsville. There, 18 homes were leveled, some of which were cleanly swept from their foundations, and 50 others were severely damaged in town. Damages amounted to at least $5 million and are officially listed as $50 million. Grazulis classified the tornado as an F5, but it is officially rated F4.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Non-tornadic effects
A vigorous, pre-frontal squall line generated severe thunderstorm winds from eastern Iowa to lakefront Illinois. Winds peaked at 70 kn (81 mph; 130 km/h) in Dixon, Illinois, and an anemometer at O'Hare International Airport in Chicago registered 60 kn (69 mph; 110 km/h). The strong winds, coupled with hail, damaged or destroyed numerous structures, felled trees, and downed utility wires. Across Northern Illinois, numerous funnel clouds were sighted in Wheaton, Carol Stream, Winfield, West Chicago, Aurora, and Rockford, respectively. Thunderstorms also generated hail of up to 2 in (5.1 cm) in diameter as well; 2-inch-diameter (5.1 cm) measurements occurred from South Dakota, Oklahoma, and Arkansas to Indiana, Mississippi, and Georgia on April 10–12.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Aftermath and recovery
In the Midwest, at least 266 people—some sources say 256–271—were killed and 1,500 injured (1,200 in Indiana). This is the fourth-deadliest day for tornadoes on record, trailing April 3, 1974 (310 deaths), the April 27, 2011 (324), and March 18, 1925 (747, including 695 by the Tri-State Tornado). It occurred on Palm Sunday, an important day in the Christian religion, and many people were attending services at church, one possible reason why some warnings were not received.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Aftermath and recovery
There had been a late winter in 1965, much of March being cold and snowy; and as the day progressed, warm temperatures encouraged picnickers and sightseers. For many areas, April 11 marked the first day of above-average temperatures, so members of the public, being outdoors or attending services, failed to receive updates from radio and television. The high death toll in the outbreak despite accurate warnings led to changes in the dissemination of severe weather alerts by the Severe Local Storm Warning Center in Kansas City, Missouri, now the Norman, Oklahoma-based Storm Prediction Center.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Aftermath and recovery
The U.S. Weather Bureau investigated the large number of deaths. Although weather-radar stations were few and far between in 1965, the severe nature of the thunderstorms was identified with adequate time to disseminate warnings. But the warning system failed as the public never received them. Additionally, the public did not know the difference between a Forecast and an Alert. Thus the terms tornado watch and tornado warning were implemented in 1966. Pivotal to those clarifications was a meeting in the WMT Station's studio in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Aftermath and recovery
Officials of the severe storms forecast center in Kansas City met with WMT meteorologist Conrad Johnson and News Director Grant Price. Their discussion led to establishment of the official "watch" and "warning" procedures in use since 1966. Additionally, communities began activating civil defense sirens during tornado warnings, and storm spotting via amateur radio networks and other media received increased logistical support and emphasis, leading to the eventual creation of SKYWARN.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Oddities/records
Additionally, significant scientific data were gathered from aerial surveys of the tornado paths. The outbreak was the first to be studied in-depth aerially by tornado scientist Tetsuya Theodore Fujita, who proposed new theories about the structure of tornadoes based upon his study. Dr. Fujita discovered suction vortices during the Palm Sunday tornado outbreak. It had previously been thought the reason why tornadoes could hit one house and leave another across the street completely unscathed was because the tornado would "jump" from one house to another. However, Fujita discovered that the actual reason is most destruction is caused by suction vortices: small, intense mini-tornadoes within the main tornado.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Oddities/records
The tornado outbreak generated 38 significant tornadoes, 18 of them violent—F4 or F5 on the Fujita scale of tornado intensity—and 22 deadly. Covering six states and about 335 sq mi (870 km2), the outbreak killed 266 people and became the deadliest to hit the United States since 1936, although more recently the 1974 and 2011 Super Outbreaks claimed that distinction. The 17 violent tornadoes on April 11, 1965, set a 24-hour record that stood until the first Super Outbreak produced 30 in 1974. With 137 people killed and 1,200 injured in Indiana alone, the outbreak set a 24-hour record for tornado deaths in that state.


1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, Oddities/records
An unusually pronounced elevated mixed layer (EML) was present over the Great Lakes region during the outbreak—a similar pattern having been observed on March 28, 1920, April 3, 1956, and April 3, 1974. A strong jet stream, combined with tornadoes, lofted topsoil from Illinois and Missouri eastward, producing hazy skies prior to the arrival of storms.


1965 Pan Arab Games
The 4th Pan Arab Games, a regional multi-sport event held in Arab countries, were held in Cairo, Egypt between September 2 and September 14, 1965. A total number of 1500 athletes from 14 countries participated in events in 12 sports.


1965 Paris–Nice
The 1965 Paris–Nice was the 23rd edition of the Paris–Nice cycle race and was held from 9 March to 16 March 1965. The race started in Paris and finished in Nice. The race was won by Jacques Anquetil of the Ford France team.


1965 Paris–Roubaix
The 1965 Paris–Roubaix was the 63rd edition of the Paris–Roubaix cycle race and was held on 11 April 1965. The race started in Compiègne and finished in Roubaix. The race was won by Rik van Looy of the Solo–Superia team.


1965 Paris–Tours
The 1965 Paris–Tours was the 59th edition of the Paris–Tours cycle race and was held on 10 October 1965. The race started in Paris and finished in Tours. The race was won by Gerben Karstens.


1965 Pau Grand Prix
The 1965 Pau Grand Prix was a Formula Two motor race held on 25 April 1965 at the Pau circuit, in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France. The Grand Prix was won by Jim Clark for the second time in succession, driving the Lotus 35. Richard Attwood again finished second and Jochen Rindt third.


1965 Penn Quakers football team
The 1965 Penn Quakers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pennsylvania during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. Penn finished sixth in the Ivy League.


1965 Penn Quakers football team
In their first year under head coach Bob Odell, the Quakers compiled a 4–4–1 record and were outscored 192 to 136. Fred Jaffin was the team captain.


1965 Penn Quakers football team
Penn's 2-4-1 conference record placed sixth in the Ivy League. The Quakers were outscored 165 to 100 by Ivy opponents.


1965 Penn Quakers football team
Penn played its home games at Franklin Field adjacent to the university's campus in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.


1965 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The 1965 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented Penn State University during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. It was Rip Engle's last season as head coach of Penn State.


1965 Peruvian Primera División
The 1965 Peruvian Primera División, the top category of Peruvian football, was played by 10 teams. The national champion was Alianza Lima. This was the first season to qualify two teams to the Copa Libertadores and the last to only include teams from Lima and Callao.


1965 Peruvian Primera División, Format
The season was divided into two stages. In the first stage, each team played the others twice (a double round robin system) for a total of 18 games. Teams received two points for a win and one point for a draw. No points were awarded for a loss. The teams carried their records from the first stage into the second stage. In the second stage, the teams were separated into two groups; an upper-table group and lower-table group. Each group played a further 4 games against the teams in their group. The upper group played for the league title and the lower group played to avoid relegation. The season champion and runner-up qualified for the 1966 Copa Libertadores.


1965 Philadelphia Eagles season
The 1965 Philadelphia Eagles season was the franchise's 33rd season in the National Football League.


1965 Philadelphia Eagles season
The Philadelphia Eagles compiled a record of 5 wins to 9 losses out of the 14 games played. The team was led by Joe Kuharich with ownership duties belonging to Jerry Wolman. The Eagles began the season with a win against the St. Louis Cardinals followed by a loss to the New York Giants. After a win against the Dallas Cowboys, the Eagles lost four straight games, dropping them from the playoff hunt. The team ended the season in 5th place within the NFL Eastern Conference.


1965 Philadelphia Eagles season, Off Season, NFL Draft
The 1965 NFL Draft and the 1965 AFL Draft both took place on Saturday, November 28, 1964. This was the day of the Army-Navy game that is normally the last game of the college season before the bowl games.


1965 Philadelphia Eagles season, Off Season, NFL Draft
They were separate from each other and some players were drafted by both leagues. The AFL was going strong in wanting stars signed and would do what they could to please them if they signed with the AFL. Joe Namath would sign if he could play in New York, and he was given a salary of $427,000. As in earlier years some players had signed "AFL contracts" they signed with the league as soon as their last college game was over and when drafted by an AFL team the contract was transferred to them. To help fight this the NFL moved the draft up to near the end of the college season.


1965 Philadelphia Eagles season, Off Season, NFL Draft
A new kind of job was created, "baby sitter". Their job was to hang with the draft prospect, and keep him away from the other leagues representative. The Eagles draft pick, Otis Taylor was held in a motel and had to "escape" from the NFL baby sitter. He later signed with the AFL for money and a "Red Thunderbird Convertible" that the AFL baby sitter was driving. Taylor noticed how a lot of people stared at the car when they drove by, and he wanted one.


1965 Philadelphia Eagles season, Off Season, NFL Draft
The first player selected was Tucker Frederickson, back from Auburn, by the New York Giants. The draft was marked by the failure of the St. Louis Cardinals to sign Joe Namath, who signed with the American Football League's New York Jets, and went on to defeat the NFL's Colts for the World Championship after the 1968 season.


1965 Philadelphia Eagles season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1965 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1965 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1965 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1965 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1965 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1965 Philippine House of Representatives elections
The elections for the House of Representatives of the Philippines were held on November 9, 1965. Held on the same day as the presidential election, the party of the incumbent president, Diosdado Macapagal's Liberal Party, won a majority of the seats in the House of Representatives. Despite Ferdinand Marcos of the opposition Nacionalista Party winning the presidential election, Liberal Party congressmen did not defect to the Nacionalista Party. This led to Cornelio Villareal being retained Speaker of the House after retaking it from Daniel Romualdez midway during the previous Congress.


1965 Philippine House of Representatives elections
The elected representatives served in the 6th Congress from 1965 to 1969.


1965 Philippine Sea A-4 incident
The 1965 Philippine Sea A-4 crash was a Broken Arrow incident in which a United States Navy Douglas A-4E Skyhawk attack aircraft carrying a nuclear weapon fell into the sea off Japan from the aircraft carrier USS Ticonderoga. The aircraft, pilot and weapon were never recovered.


1965 Philippine Sea A-4 incident, The accident
On 5 December 1965, 31 days after Ticonderoga's departure from U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay in the Philippines, the attack jet fell over the side during a training exercise while being rolled from the number 2 hangar bay to the number 2 elevator. The pilot, Lieutenant (junior grade) Douglas M. Webster; the aircraft, Douglas A-4E BuNo 151022 of VA-56; and the B43 nuclear bomb were never recovered from the 16,000 ft (4,900 m) depth. The accident was said to occur 68 miles (59 nmi; 109 km) from Kikai Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.


1965 Philippine Sea A-4 incident, The accident
Ticonderoga had aboard Carrier Air Wing Five during this cruise, with two squadrons of Skyhawks. The lost aircraft was part of Attack Squadron 56 (VA-56); VA-144 was the other.


1965 Philippine Sea A-4 incident, Revelation
It was not until 1989 that US DoD revealed the loss of the one-megaton H-bomb. The revelation inspired a diplomatic inquiry from Japan requesting details.


1965 Philippine Senate election
A senatorial election was held on November 9, 1965 in the Philippines. The Nacionalista Party wrestled back control of the Senate; originally a Liberal, Senate President Ferdinand Marcos defected to the Nacionalistas, became their presidential candidate and won this year's election.


1965 Philippine Senate election
After the election, the Senate emerged with 12 Liberals on one side, and 11 Nacionalistas and 1 Nationalist Citizens' Party caucusing with them on the other.


1965 Philippine Senate election, Retiring incumbents, Other incumbents running elsewhere
These ran in the middle of their Senate terms. For those losing in their respective elections, they can still return to the Senate to serve out their term, while the winners will vacate their Senate seats, then it would have been contested in a special election concurrently with the next general election.


1965 Philippine Senate election, Results
The Nacionalista Party won five seats, the Liberal Party won two seats, and the Nationalist Citizens' Party (NCP) won one.


1965 Philippine Senate election, Results
NCP's Lorenzo Tañada, and Nacionalistas Alejandro Almendras and Genaro Magsaysay all defended their seats.


1965 Philippine Senate election, Results
Five winners are neophyte senators. These are Dominador Aytona, Eva Estrada Kalaw, and Wenceslao Lagumbay of the Nacionalistas, and Liberals Sergio Osmeña Jr. and Jovito Salonga.


1965 Philippine general election
Presidential, legislative and local elections were held on November 9, 1965, in the Philippines. Incumbent President Diosdado Macapagal lost his opportunity to get a second full term as President of the Philippines to Senate President Ferdinand Marcos. His running mate, Senator Gerardo Roxas lost to former Vice President Fernando Lopez. Emmanuel Pelaez did not run for vice president. An unprecedented twelve candidates ran for president; however, nine of those were nuisance candidates.


1965 Philippine presidential election
The 1965 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on November 9, 1965. Incumbent President Diosdado Macapagal lost his opportunity to get a second full term as President of the Philippines to Senate President Ferdinand Marcos. His running mate, Senator Gerardo Roxas, lost to former Vice President Fernando Lopez. Emmanuel Pelaez did not run for vice president. An unprecedented twelve candidates ran for president; however, nine of those were nuisance candidates.


1965 Philippine presidential election
This was the first election where all of the major presidential candidates were born after the Spanish colonization of the Philippines.


1965 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship
The 1965 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship was the second World Match Play Championship. It was played from Thursday 14 to Saturday 16 October on the West Course at Wentworth. Eight players competed in a straight knock-out competition, with each match contested over 36 holes. The champion received £5,000 out of a total prize fund of £16,000. Gary Player defeated Peter Thomson 3 & 2 in the final to win the tournament.


1965 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship
In the first round of his semi-final, Gary Player was 1 up after 10 holes but then lost seven holes in succession to Tony Lema from the 11th to the 17th. He needed a 10 foot putt at the 18th to halve that hole but was 6 down at lunch. He then lost the first hole in the afternoon to go 7 down to Lema. Player birdied the 2nd and 3rd holes and eventually won the 18th to tie the match, winning the match at the 37th hole.


1965 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship
In the final, Thomson was 1 up at lunch. Player squared the match at the 2nd hole and then went two up after winning the 7th and 8th. Thomson eagled the 12th to reduce the gap to one hole but Player birdied the 15th and 16th to win 3 & 2.


1965 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship
As in 1964, the match play championship was preceded by the Piccadilly Tournament, a 72-hole stroke play competition, which was played on the East Course on 11 and 12 October. The winner was Peter Butler who won £750.


1965 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship, Scores
The match between Peter Thomson and Christy O'Connor was completed on 15 October having been all square after 36 holes when it became too dark to continue.


1965 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship, Prize money
The winner received £5,000, the runner-up £3,000, the losing semi-finalists £2,000 and the first round losers £1,000, making a total prize fund of £16,000.


1965 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
The 1965 Pittsburgh Panthers football team represented the University of Pittsburgh in the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. The team compiled a 3–7 record under head coach John Michelosen. The team's statistical leaders included Kenny Lucas with 1,921 passing yards and Barry McKnight with 406 rushing yards.


1965 Pittsburgh Pirates season
The 1965 Pittsburgh Pirates season was the 84th season of the Pittsburgh Pirates franchise; their 79th in the National League. The Pirates finished third in the league standings with a record of 90–72.


1965 Pittsburgh Steelers season
The 1965 Pittsburgh Steelers season was the team's 33rd in the National Football League.


1965 Pittsburgh Steelers season
The team set a modern NFL record with a minus-30 turnover ratio.


1965 Pittsburgh Steelers season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1965 Pittsburgh mayoral election
The Mayoral election of 1965 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania was held on Tuesday, November 2, 1965. The incumbent mayor, Joe Barr of the Democratic Party was victorious for his second term.


1965 Pittsburgh mayoral election
A total of 184,604 votes were cast. The 1965 race marks the last time that a Republican candidate was marginally competitive, as Barr defeated attorney Vince Rovitto by only about a 25% margin of victory. Subsequent Republicans have generally failed to achieve 30% of the total vote.


1965 Polish legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 30 May 1965. They were the fourth elections to the Sejm, the parliament of the People's Republic of Poland, and fifth in Communist Poland. They took place on 30 May. The lists admitted were controlled  by the Front of National Unity (FJN), in turn controlled by the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR).


1965 Polish legislative election
The distribution of seats was decided before the elections by the FJN, and electors had no possibility to change it. The results of the 1965 election would be duplicated, exactly, by the 1969 and 1972 elections.


1965 Polish legislative election, Results
As the other parties and "independents" were subordinate to PZPR, its control of the Sejm was total.


1965 Polish legislative election, Further reading
This Polish elections-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1965 Portuguese legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 7 November 1965.


1965 Portuguese legislative election, Campaign
Five opposition lists registered to compete in the elections, but four withdrew in protest at a lack of freedom in campaigning. The remaining Social Democrat list called for self-determination in Portuguese colonies in Africa.


1965 Portuguese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 25 July 1965, during the Estado Novo regime of Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar, following parliamentary elections in the same year. It was the first presidential election to be held by the National Assembly of Portugal rather than by direct popular ballot and, subsequently, rear admiral Thomaz was universally endorsed for a second seven-year term. His only opponent in the preceding 1958 election, general Humberto Delgado, had been assassinated in early 1965 following an attempt to return to Portugal from exile, possibly to contest Thomaz' election for a second time.


1965 Prague Skate
The 1965 Prague Skate was a senior international figure skating competition held in Czechoslovakia in November 1965. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Italy's Giordano Abbondati won the men's title ahead of the future Olympic champion, Ondrej Nepela of Czechoslovakia. Future Olympic medalist Hana Mašková took gold in the ladies' event by defeating Hungary's Zsuzsa Almássy and West Germany's Uschi Keszler. In ice dancing, Czechoslovakia's Jitka Babická / Jaromír Holan won the first of their two Prague Skate titles, defeating teams from West Germany and the United Kingdom.


1965 Preakness Stakes
The 1965 Preakness Stakes was the 90th running of the $200,000 Preakness Stakes thoroughbred horse race. The race took place on May 15, 1965, and was televised in the United States on the CBS television network. Tom Rolfe, who was jockeyed by Ron Turcotte, won the race by a scant neck over runner-up Dapper Dan. Approximate post time was 5:48 p.m. Eastern Time. The race was run on a fast track in a final time of 1:56-1/5. The Maryland Jockey Club reported total attendance of 38,108, this is recorded as second highest on the list of American thoroughbred racing top attended events for North America in 1965.


1965 Primera División de Chile
The 1965 Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol Profesional, was the 33rd season of top-flight football in Chile. Universidad de Chile won their fifth title, also qualifying for the 1966 Copa Libertadores.


1965 Princeton Tigers football team
The 1965 Princeton Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Princeton University during the 1965 NCAA University Division football season. After winning the Ivy League championship the previous year, Princeton dropped to second place.


1965 Princeton Tigers football team
In their ninth year under head coach Dick Colman, the Tigers compiled an 8–1 record and outscored opponents 281 to 100. G. Paul Savidge was the team captain.


1965 Princeton Tigers football team
Princeton's 6–1 conference record was the second-best in the Ivy League standings; their only loss was to the conference champion, undefeated Dartmouth, in the final week. The Tigers outscored Ivy opponents 222 to 94.


1965 Princeton Tigers football team
Princeton played its home games at Palmer Stadium on the university campus in Princeton, New Jersey.


1965 Pro Bowl
The 1965 Pro Bowl was the NFL's fifteenth annual all-star game which featured the outstanding performers from the 1964 season. The game was played on January 10, 1965, at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California  in front of 60,698. The coaches for the game were Don Shula of Baltimore Colts for the West and Blanton Collier of Cleveland Browns for the East. The West team won by a final score was 34–14.


1965 Pro Bowl
The West dominated the East, 411 to 187 in total yards. West quarterback Fran Tarkenton of the Minnesota Vikings was named "Back of the Game" after he completed 8 of 13 passes for 172 yards. At one point during the game, the West backfield was all-Vikings: Tarkenton (No. 10), Tommy Mason (No. 20), and Bill Brown (No. 30).


1965 Pro Bowl
"Lineman of the Game" honors went to the West’s Terry Barr of the Detroit Lions; Barr had 106 yards receiving on three receptions.


1965 Pro Bowl
Frank Ryan, the quarterback of the Cleveland Browns' who had defeated the Baltimore Colts in the 1964 NFL Championship Game, was knocked out of the Pro Bowl when he was sacked in the third quarter by a group of defenders including the Colts' Gino Marchetti. Some thought that Marchetti, who was playing in his tenth Pro Bowl, was trying to teach Ryan a lesson for considering running up the score against the Colts in the championship game. Marchetti denied this, and he and Ryan remained on good terms.


1965 Puget Sound earthquake
The 1965 Puget Sound earthquake occurred at 08:28 AM PDT (15:28 UTC) on April 29 within the Puget Sound region of Washington state. It had a magnitude of 6.7 on the moment magnitude scale and a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale. It caused the deaths of seven people and about $12.5–28 million in damage. There were no recorded aftershocks.


1965 Puget Sound earthquake, Tectonic setting
The western part of Washington State lies above the Cascadia subduction zone, where the Juan de Fuca Plate is being subducted beneath the North American Plate. The seismicity of this region consists of rare great megathrust earthquakes, like the 1700 Cascadia earthquake and more common earthquakes originating from within the subducting slab. These events relate to normal faulting, associated with the bending of the slab, possibly related to a phase change below about 40 km from basalt/gabbro to eclogite.


1965 Puget Sound earthquake, Earthquake
The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 6.6 Ms, 6.5 mb and 6.7 Mw. At 10–20 seconds the duration of strong ground motion was relatively short. The earthquake's focal mechanism indicates that it resulted from normal faulting within the Juan de Fuca slab. There were no recorded aftershocks, similar to observations from the 1949 Olympia and 2001 Nisqually earthquakes and a characteristic of such intraslab events.


1965 Puget Sound earthquake, Earthquake, Intensity
The pattern of shaking intensity was somewhat variable, with a large region with an intensity of VII (Very strong) containing localized areas of intensity VIII (Severe). These variations generally relate closely to the underlying geology, with higher intensities recorded where there was either artificial fill or alluvium, although there were some exceptions. The observed pattern of intensities was very similar to those from the 1949 Olympia and 2001 Nisqually earthquakes.


1965 Puget Sound earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
Three people were killed by falling debris in the Duwamish valley floor area of Seattle, and four others died from heart attacks. There was minor damage recorded over a large area, including fallen chimneys and cracked mortar. The two Boeing plants at Renton and Seattle, both built on artificial fill and mudflats, suffered major damage. The State Capitol building suffered cracking to the dome and supporting buttresses, leaving it in a condition where a major aftershock could have caused complete collapse. Single-story unreinforced brick buildings performed the worst in the earthquake with wood-framed structures generally performing very well.


1965 Puget Sound earthquake, Earthquake, Ground acceleration
A peak ground acceleration of 0.204g was measured at Olympia.


1965 Puget Sound earthquake, Aftermath
The damage and deaths in the 1965 earthquake helped bring about the installation of the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network in 1969.


1965 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1965 Purdue Boilermakers football team represented Purdue University during the 1965 Big Ten Conference football season.


1965 Quantico Marines Devil Dogs football team
The 1965 Quantico Marines Devil Dogs football team represented the Quantico Marine Base in the 1965 college football season. The team was led by first-year head coach Joe Caprara, who had played college football for Notre Dame. The team compiled a 6–4 record, while outscoring their opponents 177–101.