1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game, Aftermath
The 1957 North Carolina players were awarded watches for their part in the winning the national championship. (In the 1990s, the players were given rings to commemorate their win in the national championship game at the insistence of then-North Carolina coach Dean Smith.) Coach McGuire was given a brand new Carolina blue and white Cadillac by the university and signed a new five-year contract worth $11,500 per year. After seeing the success of televising the tournament's final games, Castleman Chesley believed, "ACC basketball could be as popular as any TV show in North Carolina."


1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game, Aftermath
The broadcast of North Carolina's national semifinal and National Championship games led to increased awareness and attention towards basketball around the state. It also led to Chesley and the Atlantic Coast Conference agreeing to a television contract whereby he would broadcast twelve ACC games league-wide during the 1957–58 season. The games aired on Saturdays the following season were called the ACC Game of the Week. The television contract allowed the league to expand and increase the conference's visibility. It also led to an increase in ticket sales for the members of the ACC. More children began to pick up the sport of basketball as a result of the increase in the number of ACC games being televised.


1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament
The 1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament involved 23 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's college basketball in the NCAA University Division, replaced in 1973 by NCAA Division I. The 1956–57 school year was the first in which NCAA members were formally divided into separate competitive levels, with larger and more competitive athletic programs placed in the University Division and smaller programs placed in the College Division (which would be replaced by NCAA Division II and NCAA Division III in 1973).


1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament
The 19th edition of the NCAA Tournament began on March 11, 1957, and ended with the championship game on March 23 in Kansas City, Missouri. A total of 27 games were played, including a third-place game in each region and a national third-place game. North Carolina, coached by Frank McGuire, won the national title with a 54–53 triple-overtime victory in the final game over Kansas, coached by Dick Harp. Wilt Chamberlain of Kansas became the fourth player to be named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player despite not playing for the championship team.


1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament, Tournament notes
North Carolina won two consecutive triple overtime games to win the championship. The North Carolina – Michigan State semi final game and North Carolina – Kansas final game both made USA Today's list of the greatest NCAA tournament games of all time at 11 and 6 respectively.


1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament, Locations
For the seventh time, Kansas City and the Municipal Auditorium hosted the Final Four. This tied the record, with Madison Square Garden, of hosting the most Final Fours in a single arena all-time, a record it would break in 1961 and which it still holds today. Once again, four new sites were used for the tournament. In the Midwest Regional, Southern Methodist University and the city of Dallas hosted tournament games for the first time at the SMU Coliseum, in its first year of operation.


1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament, Locations
This marked the first games ever in the state of Texas, and the first in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. Three of the first round sites were also new. In Columbus, another new building, St. John Arena on the campus of Ohio State University, hosted games for the first time, the first games held in the state of Ohio. The state of Idaho became the first of the western mountain states to host games, at Reed Gymnasium on the campus of Idaho State College in Pocatello.


1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament, Locations
And for the second time in three years, Oklahoma City University hosted the first round at a high school gymnasium, this time at the Capitol Hill High School Gym, a 4,000 seat gym in the southern part of the city. The city would not host games again for twenty years, until the Myriad Convention Center began hosting tournament games. This would also be the only time Reed Gym would host games; subsequent games in Pocatello would be hosted at the Minidome, its successor as home to the Bengals men's basketball team.


1957 NCAA University Division baseball season
The 1957 NCAA University Division baseball season, play of college baseball in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) began in the spring of 1957. The season progressed through the regular season and concluded with the 1957 College World Series. The College World Series, held for the eleventh time in 1957, consisted of one team from each of eight geographical districts and was held in Omaha, Nebraska at Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium as a double-elimination tournament. California claimed the championship.


1957 NCAA University Division baseball season, Realignment
Prior to the 1957 baseball season, the NCAA divided into two divisions: the University Division for larger schools and the College Division for smaller schools.


1957 NCAA University Division baseball season, Conference winners
This is a partial list of conference champions from the 1957 season. Each of the eight geographical districts chose, by various methods, the team that would represent them in the NCAA Tournament. 12 teams earned automatic bids by winning their conference championship while 11 teams earned at-large selections.


1957 NCAA University Division baseball season, College World Series
The 1957 season marked the eleventh NCAA Baseball Tournament, which culminated with the eight team College World Series. The College World Series was held in Omaha, Nebraska. The eight teams played a double-elimination format, with California claiming their second championship with a 1–0 win over Penn State in the final.


1957 NCAA University Division football rankings
Two human polls comprised the 1957 NCAA University Division football rankings. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, does not bestow a national championship, instead that title is bestowed by one or more different polling agencies. There are two main weekly polls that begin in the preseason—the AP Poll and the Coaches' Poll.


1957 NCAA University Division football rankings, AP Poll
The final AP Poll was released on December 2, at the end of the 1957 regular season, weeks before the major bowls. The AP would not release a post-bowl season final poll regularly until 1968.


1957 NCAA University Division football rankings, Final Coaches' poll
The final UPI Coaches Poll was released prior to the bowl games on December 2. Ohio State received 14 of the 35 first-place votes; Auburn received eleven, Michigan State eight, and two to Arizona State.


1957 NCAA University Division football season
The 1957 NCAA University Division football season saw two different national champions. Auburn was ranked first in the AP writers' poll taken at season's end, while Ohio State was first in the UPI coaches' poll. Auburn was ineligible for a bowl game, however, having been placed on probation indefinitely by the Southeastern Conference, after having paid two high school players $500 apiece.


1957 NCAA University Division football season
During the 20th century, the NCAA had no playoff for the major college football teams in the University Division, later known as Division I-A. The NCAA did recognize a national champion based upon the final results of "wire service" (AP and UPI) polls. The extent of that recognition came in the form of acknowledgment in the annual NCAA Football Guide of the "unofficial" national champions. The AP poll in 1957 consisted of the votes of as many as 360 sportswriters. The UPI poll was taken of a panel of 35 coaches.


1957 NCAA University Division football season
In both cases, the voters would give their opinion of the ten best teams, and under a point system of 10 points for first place, 9 for second, etc., the "overall" ranking was determined. The top teams played on New Year's Day in the four major postseason bowl games: the Rose Bowl (near Los Angeles at Pasadena), the Sugar Bowl (New Orleans), the Orange Bowl (Miami), and the Cotton Bowl Classic (Dallas).


1957 NCAA University Division football season, September
In the preseason poll released on September 16, the defending champion Sooners of the University of Oklahoma—who had won 40 consecutive games in '53, '54, '55, and '56 -- were the first place choice for 127 of 174 writers casting votes, followed by Texas A&M, Michigan State, Minnesota, and Tennessee. As the regular season progressed, a new poll would be issued on the Monday following the weekend's games.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, September
September 20 - Abner Haynes and Leon King suit up for  North Texas State College against  Texas Western at Kidd Field in El Paso, marking the first time a major college football team based in Texas fielded African-American players. King scored a 33 yard touchdown, while Haynes had a long touchdown run called back "despite never stepping out of bounds and the whistle not blowing until he crossed the goal line." Texas Western escaped with a 14–13 win.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, September
September 20–21 -  The U.S. Air Force Academy, founded two years earlier played its first major college schedule in 1957. The Falcons made their debut at UCLA on Friday night and lost 47–0. They would finish their first season 3–6–1, but were undefeated the following year. On Saturday, No. 1 Oklahoma won at Pittsburgh 26–0. No. 2 Texas A&M beat Maryland 21–13 in a game at Dallas. No. 3 Michigan State, No. 4 Minnesota, and No. 5 Tennessee had not yet begun their seasons. No . 11 Georgia Tech beat Kentucky 13–0 and rose to third, while No. 12 Navy won 46–6 at Boston College and rose to fifth. The first AP poll was 1.Oklahoma, 2.Texas A&M, 3.Georgia Tech, 4.Michigan State, 5.Navy.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, September
September 28 - No. 1 Oklahoma was idle. No. 2 Texas A&M won at Texas Tech 21–0 and No. 3 Georgia Tech played to a scoreless tie with SMU. No. 4 Michigan State beat Indiana 54–0. No. 5 Navy beat visiting William & Mary 33–6. No. 6 Minnesota, which beat Washington 46–7, and No. 7 Duke, which had beaten Virginia 40–0, rose to 3rd and 4th place. The poll was 1.Oklahoma, 2.Michigan State, 3.Minnesota, 4.Duke, and 5.Texas A&M.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, October
October 5 - No. 1 Oklahoma beat Iowa State 40–14. No. 2 Michigan State won at California 19–0. No. 3 Minnesota beat visiting Purdue 21–17, No. 4 Duke beat Maryland 14–0, and No. 5 Texas A&M won at Missouri 28–0. The poll was 1.Oklahoma, 2.Michigan State, 3.Texas A & M, 4.Minnesota, and 5.Duke.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, October
October 12 - A crowd of 75,504 watched in Dallas as No. 1 Oklahoma had a difficult time with unranked Texas; the Longhorns picked off four passes and the score was 7–7 at the half before the Sooners preserved their winning streak 21–7 in a game that wasn't pretty. At the same time, No. 2 Michigan State won 35–6 at Michigan, leading the AP voters to re-evaluate. No. 3 Texas A&M won 28–6 over Houston. No. 4 Minnesota won 41–6 at Northwestern. No. 5 Duke narrowly beat Rice in Houston, 7–6. The Spartans took over the top spot in the next poll: 1.Michigan State, 2.Oklahoma, 3.Texas A & M, 4.Minnesota, and 5.Duke.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, October
October 19 - No. 1 Michigan State lost 20–13 to Purdue and fell out of the top five, and No. 2 Oklahoma beat Kansas 47–0 and reclaimed the top spot. No. 3 Texas A&M won 7–0 at TCU and No. 4 Minnesota lost at Illinois 34–14. No. 5 Duke beat Wake Forest 34–7, and No. 6 Iowa beat No. 13 Wisconsin 21–7, while No. 9 Auburn beat Georgia Tech 3–0 in Atlanta and rose to fifth place in the polls. The poll: 1.Oklahoma, 2.Texas A & M, 3.Iowa, 4.Duke, and 5.Auburn.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, October
October 26 - No. 1 Oklahoma edged Colorado 14–13, and lost the top spot again, despite being 5–0. No. 2 Texas A&M beat Baylor 14–0, and replaced the Sooners in the next poll. No. 3 Iowa won 6–0 at Northwestern and rose to third. No. 4 Duke went to neighboring Raleigh to play North Carolina State, and ended with a 14–14 tie. No. 5 Auburn won at Houston 48–7. No. 7 Notre Dame beat Pittsburgh 13–7 and rose to fifth. The poll: 1.Texas A & M, 2.Oklahoma, 3.Iowa, 4.Auburn, and 5.Notre Dame.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
November 2 - No. 1 Texas A&M got past host Arkansas 7–6, and No. 2 Oklahoma won at Kansas State 13–0. No. 3 Iowa played Michigan to a 21–21 tie, and No. 4 Auburn beat Florida 13–0. No. 5 Notre Dame lost 20–6 to visiting Navy, and No. 6 Michigan State won 21–7 at Wisconsin and rose to fifth. The poll: 1.Texas A & M, 2.Oklahoma, 3.Auburn, 4.Michigan State, and 5.Iowa.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
November 9 - No. 1 Texas A&M beat SMU 19–6 and No. 2 Oklahoma won at Missouri 39–14. No. 3 Auburn beat Mississippi State 15–7 in Birmingham, No. 4 Michigan State beat Notre Dame 34–6, and No. 5 Iowa beat Minnesota 44–20. The poll remained unchanged.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
November 16 - No. 1 Texas A&M lost 7–6 to Rice in Houston. No. 2 Oklahoma had not lost a game since early in 1953, had won 47 consecutive games, when they hosted Notre Dame. The Irish, 4–2 and on a losing streak, were an 18–point underdog coming into Norman. The Sooners, who had scored in 123 consecutive games (dating back to 1945), were unable to reach the end zone, but had held off the Irish on two goal line stands.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
In the final minutes, Notre Dame was on the 3–yard line on fourth down, when Dick Lynch "crossed up the Sooners" and ran around right end for a touchdown. Oklahoma's desperate passing drive at game's end was stopped by a Notre Dame interception, and the crowd of 62,000 was stunned into silence... and then stood up and applauded for both the Sooners and the Irish. The previous defeat, more than four years earlier, had been at the hands of Notre Dame as well. Final score: Notre Dame 7, Oklahoma 0.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
No. 3 Auburn beat Georgia 6–0 at Columbus, Georgia while No. 4 Michigan State beat Minnesota 42–13. No. 5 Iowa lost 17–13 at No. 6 Ohio State; the 7–1 Buckeyes rose to third, while the 6–1–1 Hawkeyes fell to eighth. No. 8 Mississippi, which beat Tennessee 14–7 in Memphis, rose to fifth. The poll: 1.Michigan State, 2.Auburn, 3.Ohio State, 4.Texas A&M, and 5.Mississippi.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
November 23 - No. 1 Michigan State closed its season with a 27–0 win over Kansas State, but fell to third. No. 2 Auburn, on probation, won at Florida State 29–7. As the only unbeaten (9–0) school among the majors, Auburn was voted No. 1 in the AP poll. No. 3 Ohio State wrapped up its season with a win 31–14 at Michigan and was first in the UPI poll. No. 4 Texas A&M lost 9–7 to Texas, No. 5 Mississippi was idle, and No. 6 Oklahoma won 53–6 at Nebraska and returned to the top five. The poll: 1.Auburn, 2.Ohio State, 3.Michigan State, 4.Texas A&M, and 5.Oklahoma.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
November 28–30 - Thanksgiving Day saw Bear Bryant's No. 4 Texas A&M team lose 9–7 to Texas. On Saturday, No. 1 Auburn shut out rival Alabama 40–0 at their annual meeting in Birmingham to close its season 10–0, while the Crimson Tide finished at 2–7–1. Bryant, who had transformed the Aggies from a 1–9 team in 1953 to a contender, would accept the job as head coach at his alma mater Alabama at season's end.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
No. 2 Ohio State and No. 3 Michigan State were both 8–1 in the regular season, but Ohio State was 7–0 in Big Ten play, compared to the 5–1 Spartans, and got the Rose Bowl bid. No. 5 Oklahoma beat Oklahoma State 53–6. No. 8 Navy, which won the Army-Navy game 14–0 in Philadelphia, finished with an 8–1–1 record, a bid to meet Rice in the Cotton Bowl, and a fifth-place finish in the final poll.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, November
The services were split as to the national champion. The AP Trophy went to Auburn, the choice of a majority of writers for No. 1, and the only major college program to finish unbeaten (Arizona State, then a lesser power, also finished 10–0). Auburn, however, was on probation and was ineligible for a bowl, and the UPI coaches poll awarded No. 1 to the Ohio State Buckeyes (8–1). Both Auburn and Ohio State are recognized in the NCAA Football Guidebook as unofficial national champions for 1957. The final AP poll was: 1.Auburn, 2.Ohio State, 3.Michigan State, 4.Oklahoma, and 5.Navy, while the UPI poll was 1.Ohio State, 2.Auburn, 3.Michigan State, 4.Oklahoma, and 5.Iowa.


1957 NCAA University Division football season, Final results
Six college football teams finished the 1957 season with unbeaten and untied records. The Arizona State Sun Devils, with a 10–0 record, had the greatest point differential among the four teams with 10 wins. The Sun Devils scored 396 points while allowing only 66. Second was Pittsburg of Kansas (320/53) which was an NAIA team, followed by Middle Tennessee State (241/40) and Auburn (207/28). The remaining undefeated teams had fewer than 10 wins. Three undefeated teams each had nine, eight, seven, and six wins.


1957 NCAA Wrestling Championships
The 1957 NCAA Wrestling Championships were the 27th NCAA Wrestling Championships to be held. University of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania hosted the tournament at Fitzgerald Field House.


1957 NCAA Wrestling Championships
Oklahoma took home the team championship with 73 points and having two individual champions.


1957 NCAA Wrestling Championships
Dan Hodge of Oklahoma was named the Most Outstanding Wrestler.


1957 NFL Championship Game
The 1957 National Football League Championship Game was the 25th annual championship game, held on December 29 at Briggs Stadium in Detroit, Michigan.


1957 NFL Championship Game
The Detroit Lions (8–4), winners of the Western Conference, hosted the Cleveland Browns (9–2–1), champions of the Eastern Conference. Detroit had won the regular season game 20–7 three weeks earlier on December 8, also at Briggs Stadium, but lost quarterback Bobby Layne with a broken right ankle late in the first half. Reserve quarterback Tobin Rote, a starter the previous year with Green Bay, filled in for Layne and won that game with Cleveland, the next week at Chicago, and the tiebreaker playoff game at San Francisco.


1957 NFL Championship Game
It was the fourth pairing of the two teams in the championship game; they met previously in 1952, 1953, and 1954. The Browns, idle the previous week,  were favored by three points, but the home underdog Lions scored two touchdowns in each quarter and won in a rout, 59–14.


1957 NFL Championship Game
Until 2006, this was the last time that major professional teams from Michigan and Ohio met in a postseason game (or series) in any sport. As of 2021, this is the last NFL playoff game played in the city of Detroit other than Super Bowl XL in February 2006. The Lions' other two home playoff games since (1991 and 1993) were at the Silverdome in suburban Pontiac.


1957 NFL Championship Game, Players in the Hall of Fame
Twelve individuals (including coaches and administration) who were involved in this game are members of the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Lions' QB Bobby Layne was injured earlier in the month and did not play.


1957 NFL Championship Game, Game summary
The home underdog Lions were without starting quarterback Layne due to a broken ankle three weeks earlier against the Browns. Backup quarterback Tobin Rote filled in admirably following Layne's injury, winning every game, including a 24-point rally in the tiebreaker playoff over the 49ers the previous week. In his eighth season, Rote threw four touchdown passes in the title game, completing 12 of 19 passes for 280 yards, and also ran for a touchdown. Browns quarterbacks Tommy O'Connell and Milt Plum, on the other hand hit on a combined total of 9 of 22 passes for 112 yards. Taking full advantage of a pass interception and a fumble, Detroit ran up a 17–0 lead in the first quarter. Rookie running back Jim Brown gave the Cleveland rooters some hope with a 29-yard touchdown run at the start of the second period.


1957 NFL Championship Game, Game summary
Things went from bad to worse for the Browns, hampered by injuries to quarterbacks O'Connell and Plum. The Lions romped for 14 points in each of the last three quarters,and won by 45 points, 59–14. In their final six quarters of play (including their previous divisional playoff), the Lions outscored their opponents 83-17.


1957 NFL Championship Game, Officials
The NFL had five game officials in 1957; the line judge was added in 1965 and the side judge in 1978.


1957 NFL Championship Game, Players' shares
The gross receipts for the game, including radio and television rights, were just under $594,000, the highest to date. Each player on the winning Lions team received $4,295, while Browns players made $2,750 each.


1957 NFL Championship Game, Lions' last title
The Lions have not appeared in an NFL championship game (including the Super Bowl) since this title 64 years ago. It was their last postseason appearance until 1970 and their last postseason home game and victory until 1991. That was also the only time the Lions have advanced as far as the Conference Championship game—losing the NFC Championship Game 41–10 to the Washington Redskins, who went on to win Super Bowl XXVI.


1957 NFL Draft
The 1957 National Football League draft had its first four rounds held on November 26, 1956, at the Warwick Hotel in Philadelphia and its final twenty-six rounds on January 31, 1957 at the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel also in Philadelphia.


1957 NFL playoffs
The 1957 National Football League season resulted in a tie for the Western Conference championship between the Detroit Lions and San Francisco 49ers. Both finished at 8–4 and had split their two games during the regular season in November, with the home team winning each.


1957 NFL playoffs
The tie thus required a one-game playoff to be held between the two teams. This conference championship game was played on December 22 at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco, and Detroit won, 31–27.


1957 NFL playoffs
The Lions moved on to host the Cleveland Browns on December 29 in the championship game, and won in a 59–14 rout at Briggs Stadium for their third title in six years. Through 2020, it is Detroit's most recent league title, and second-most recent victory in a postseason game.


1957 NFL playoffs, Western Conference championship
The Lions trailed the 49ers 24–7 at halftime, and were down twenty points in the third quarter. Quarterback Bobby Layne had been lost for the season two weeks earlier, and backup Tobin Rote lead the Lions' rally, scoring 24 unanswered points in the second half to win, 31–27. The game was featured on NFL Top 10 as #2 on Top Ten Comebacks. As of 2021, this is the last time the Lions have won a playoff game on the road.


1957 NFL season
The 1957 NFL season was the 38th regular season of the National Football League. The season ended with the Detroit Lions defeating the Cleveland Browns in the NFL championship game, 59–14.


1957 NFL season, Draft
The 1957 NFL Draft was held on November 26, 1956 and January 31, 1957 at Philadelphia's Warwick Hotel and The Bellevue-Stratford Hotel. With the first pick, the Green Bay Packers selected halfback Paul Hornung from the University of Notre Dame.


1957 NFL season, Conference races
Cleveland won its opener, 6–3 over the Giants, and led the Eastern Conference from wire to wire. A 17–7 loss to the Eagles in Week Four forced the Browns to share the lead with New York, but the Giants lost the following week, and spent the rest of the season trying to catch Cleveland.


1957 NFL season, Conference races
The Western Conference race was more protracted. Baltimore, Detroit, and San Francisco were tied for the lead several times, and had identical 7–4 records at the end of the penultimate week. When two teams tied for first place, they would meet in a one-game playoff. The NFL did have a provision for that: "If all three teams win, tie, or lose, then a two-week playoff series begins next Sunday with Baltimore drawing a bye, San Francisco playing Detroit, and the winner meeting the Colts at Baltimore Dec. 29." Detroit and San Francisco both won while starting their backup quarterbacks (Tobin Rote and rookie John Brodie, respectively), but the Colts lost, so the additional playoff never took place.


1957 NFL season, Final standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1957 NFL season, Stadium changes
The Green Bay Packers moved from City Stadium to New City Stadium


1957 NSWRFL season
1957's New South Wales Rugby Football League premiership was the 50th season of the rugby league competition based in Sydney. Ten teams from across the city competed for the J. J. Giltinan Shield during the season, which culminated in a grand final between St. George and Manly-Warringah.


1957 NSWRFL season, Season summary, Teams
50th seasonGround: North Sydney OvalCoach: Trevor AllanCaptain: Ken McCaffery,  Bob Dawson


1957 NSWRFL season, Finals, Grand Final
Under 27 year-old coach Ken Arthurson, Manly were playing in their second grand final. The match began with Saints pounding the (then called) 'Seagulls' with some heavy tackling. Brian Clay in particular targeted Manly's Rex Mossop, often trapping the dual international forward with the ball. “Poppa” Clay had a fearsome reputation in defence and at one point he knocked the Manly captain George Hunter senseless.


1957 NSWRFL season, Finals, Grand Final
Manly were up to the task in the first half with the score locked at 4–4 for 30 minutes. Straight after half time, the flood gates opened following a magnificent run up the centre by second-row forward Norm Provan. He palmed off Manly defenders, ran deep into their territory, high stepped past fullback Ron Willey and slipped the ball to Poppa Clay who scored under the posts.


1957 NSWRFL season, Finals, Grand Final
A second Dragon try followed within three minutes and the game began to slip away from the Manly side. The Larry Writer reference quotes Manly coach Arthurson: "The sheer physical strength of the St. George team is in itself a formidable thing to overcome. Our fellows tried everything, but St. George had so much more to give. Those big fellows are so clever."


1957 NSWRFL season, Finals, Grand Final
Harry Bath kicked eight goals from eight attempts establishing a standing record for the most goals in a grand final and the most points scored in a grand final (16). His fellow ball playing forward and tactician Ken Kearney had returned for this, the first of five successful seasons as coach (four as captain-coach).


1957 NSWRFL season, Finals, Grand Final
St. George 31 (Tries: Clay 2, Ryan, Fifield, Lumsden. Goals: Bath 8.)


1957 Naples Grand Prix
The 10th Naples Grand Prix was a motor race, run to Formula One rules, held on 28 April 1957 at Posillipo Circuit, Naples. The race was run over 60 laps of the circuit, and was won by British driver Peter Collins in a Lancia-Ferrari D50.


1957 National Challenge Cup
The 1957 National Challenge Cup was the 44th edition of the United States Soccer Football Association's annual open soccer championship.


1957 National Invitation Tournament
The 1957 National Invitation Tournament was the 1957 edition of the annual NCAA college basketball competition.


1957 National Invitation Tournament, Selected teams
Below is a list of the 12 teams selected for the tournament.


1957 Navy Midshipmen football team
The 1957 Navy Midshipmen football team represented the United States Naval Academy (USNA) as an independent during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. Led by eighth-year head coach Eddie Erdelatz, the Midshipmen shut out #10 Army 14–0 to end the regular season at 8–1–1; they were ranked fifth in the final polls, released in early December.


1957 Navy Midshipmen football team
In December, Navy won its third Lambert Trophy, an award for the season's best college football team in the East. The Middies had previously won the award in 1943 and 1954. Navy and the small-college winner of the Lambert Cup, Lehigh, were lauded as proof that a university could field a competitive football team without compromising its academic standards.


1957 Navy Midshipmen football team
Favored by a point, Navy won the Cotton Bowl 20–7 over eighth-ranked Rice on New Year's Day.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team
The 1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team was the representative of the University of Nebraska and member of the Big 7 Conference in the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. The team was coached by Bill Jennings and played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lincoln, Nebraska.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Before the season
New head coach Jennings had only been on the Nebraska football staff for one year, as backfield coach, before ascending to the top spot. With three new assistants on staff, he faced a very difficult 1957 schedule. A home opener against Washington State would be followed by three straight road games, one of which was against longtime nemesis Pittsburgh. Upon the return to Lincoln there would be one more nonconference game against always-tough Syracuse, the first meeting of these teams since 1929. Now in its 16th year, the long stretch of Nebraska futility would be difficult to halt against this slate.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Washington State
These teams had only met one time prior, a 21-20 defeat of the Cornhuskers in Lincoln in 1920. The Cougars brought with them a reputation as an outstanding passing offense, and true to form used their game plan to roll up points by air faster than Nebraska could respond by ground. The Bill Jennings era opened with a loss.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Army
In the first meeting of these teams, the Black Knights of West Point utterly obliterated the Cornhuskers in front of a relatively small Michie Stadium crowd. No matter which way they turned, by air or ground, all of Nebraska's attempts to at least avoid the shutout were thwarted. Army went on to finish the season ranked #18 by the AP Poll.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Kansas State
The Cornhuskers traveled to Manhattan for the first Big 7 contest of the season, again in front of a sparse crowd. While the Cornhuskers managed only two touchdowns on the day, the hapless Wildcats were unable to move the ball enough to score more than once. Nebraska had notched the first win of the year and improved to 32-7-2 in the Kansas State series to date, but there was little time to celebrate. The difficult road trip to Pittsburgh, now ranked #20 by the AP Poll, was next up.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Pittsburgh
For the second time of the season, Nebraska was dealt a punishing road game shutout defeat, this time at the hands of bitter rival Pittsburgh. The Panthers, who nearly always seemed to have Nebraska's number, improved to 15-3-3 over the Cornhuskers all time with their sixth straight win in the series. Nebraska had now stumbled out to a 1-3 start thanks in part to the grueling schedule, and the situation was not looking like it would improve.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
Renewing an old series last updated in 1929, the Orangemen arrived in Lincoln as Nebraska's final nonconference foe of the year. Unfortunately for the struggling Cornhuskers, the slide continued as Syracuse handled the Big Red's efforts with relative ease. With the win, Syracuse also evened up the all-time series between the programs at 4-4-0.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Missouri
Returning to the Big 7 schedule, the downtrodden Cornhuskers traveled to Columbia to face Missouri, and to defend their custody of the Victory Bell. The tone of the season seemed to be set, however, and Nebraska's three-game winning streak against the Tigers was broken by a painful single-point 13-14 loss. Though the Cornhuskers still held a daunting series lead of 28-19-3, the Bell was handed over to the Tigers.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Kansas
Nebraska's hopes to put up a win for the homecoming crowd in Lincoln were dashed when Kansas arrived and dealt a two-point loss to the Cornhuskers, snapping Nebraska's five-game winning streak over the Jayhawks. The Cornhuskers still held a commanding 46-14-3 series edge, but were now just 1-6 on the season.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Iowa State
If there was hope for a victory to break the slide, it would have most likely been placed against the Cyclones, over which the Cornhuskers had run off 11 straight wins. Iowa State was well aware of Nebraska's skid, and were not intimidated by the visitors from Lincoln. Not only did the Cyclones snap their losing streak, they also dealt the season's third shutout defeat to the Cornhuskers in front of a surprisingly sparse crowd. This loss was Nebraska's fifth in a row, tying an all-time losing streak record set in 1941 and tied in 1945. The Cornhuskers still held a 41-9-1 lead in the series, but this loss was perhaps the lowest point of a very low season.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Colorado
Nebraska had just one more game with any hope of a victory before facing the defending league champion Sooners. Even with home field advantage, however, the Cornhuskers fell again and were handed the year's fourth shutout loss, at the hands of the Buffaloes. Colorado's win narrowed the series to 9-7-0, and set a new Nebraska all-time record of six consecutive losses.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma
Any fight that might have been left in Nebraska, as they marched onto the field at Memorial Stadium with only a 1-8 record to show for their work, was quickly expended shortly after the season-ending rivalry with Oklahoma was underway. The Sooners were in fact prevented from scoring in the first quarter, a noteworthy accomplishment when considering the opponent, but Nebraska soon folded under the onslaught and ended the 1957 campaign with another loss, the 15th in a row to Oklahoma. Nebraska's all-time losing streak record was extended to seven with the defeat, as the Sooners took over the series at 17-16-3. Oklahoma went on to finish the season ranked #4 by the AP Poll.


1957 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, After the season
It was known going in that Coach Jennings' first year was going to be a tough season, but that did not soften the sting of a 1-9 final record, the most losses in a single season and the worst overall season record in program history. The only other prior year that the Cornhusker football squad had only pulled down a single win was 1899's 1-7-1 campaign. Nebraska's overall program record tumbled to 352-198-34 (.009), the seventh straight year to see a drop in winning percentage, as the Big 7 history also slipped, to 147-63-12 (.689).


1957 Nemzeti Bajnokság I, Overview
It was contested by 12 teams, and Vasas SC won the championship.


1957 Nevada Wolf Pack football team
The 1957 Nevada Wolf Pack football team represented the University of Nevada during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. Nevada competed as a member of the Far Western Conference (FWC). The Wolf Pack were led by third-year head coach Gordon McEachron and played their home games at Mackay Stadium.


1957 Nevada Wolf Pack football team, Previous season
The Wolf Pack finished the 1956 season 0–7–1 and 0–4–1 in FWC play to finish in fourth place.


1957 New Caledonian legislative election
Legislative elections were held in New Caledonia on 6 October 1957. The result was a victory for the Caledonian Union, which won 18 of the 30 seats.


1957 New Caledonian legislative election, Electoral system
Prior to the elections the 25-seat General Council was replaced by a 30-seat Territorial Assembly. The new body was elected by open list proportional representation.


1957 New Caledonian legislative election, Electoral system
The elections were held under universal suffrage, with around 33,600 registered voters, of which 18,964 were Kanaks and 13,406 Europeans.


1957 New Caledonian legislative election, Campaign
A total of 123 candidates contested the 30 seats, representing eight parties. The campaign started on 16 September, and was reported by Pacific Islands Monthly to have been "mild, with hardly an unkind word exchanged".


1957 New Caledonian legislative election, Results
Of the 30 elected members, 17 were Europeans and 13 Kanaks.


1957 New Caledonian legislative election, Aftermath
An eight-member cabinet was elected by the Territorial Assembly in late October. All eight ministers were from the Caledonian Union.


1957 New Hampshire Wildcats football team
The 1957 New Hampshire Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented the University of New Hampshire as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1957 college football season. In its ninth year under head coach Chief Boston, the team compiled a 0–7–1 record (0–3–1 against conference opponents) and finished last out of six teams in the Yankee Conference.


1957 New Jersey State Senate election
The 1957 New Jersey State Senate elections were held on November 5.


1957 New Jersey State Senate election
The elections coincided with the re-election of Governor Robert Meyner. Ten of New Jersey's 21 counties elected Senators. Democrats gained one seat in Passaic County, where Anthony J. Grossi unseated incumbent Republican Frank W. Shershin.


1957 New Jersey gubernatorial election
The 1957 New Jersey gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1957. Incumbent Democrat Robert B. Meyner defeated Republican nominee Malcolm Forbes with 54.55% of the vote.


1957 New Mexico A&M Aggies football team
The 1957 New Mexico A&M Aggies football team was an American football team that represented New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts (now known as New Mexico State University) as a member of the Border Conference during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. In their third and final year under head coach Tony Cavallo, the Aggies compiled a 3–7 record (0–4 against conference opponents), finished last in the conference, and were outscored by a total of 215 to 157. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium.


1957 New Mexico Lobos football team
The 1957 New Mexico Lobos football team represented the University of New Mexico in the Skyline Conference during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. In their second and final season under head coach Dick Clausen, the Lobos compiled a 4–6 record (2–4 against Skyline opponents), finished fifth in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a total of 144 to 140. The Lobos won four of five games to open the season, but closed the season with five consecutive losses.


1957 New Mexico Lobos football team
The team's statistical leaders included Chuck Roberts with 305 passing yards and Don Perkins with 744 rushing yards and 162 receiving yards.


1957 New Mexico Lobos football team
In May 1958, Dick Clausen retired as New Mexico's head football coach to become the athletic director at the University of Arizona. Clausen was immediately replaced by Marv Levy.


1957 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1957 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. They were announced in supplements to the London Gazette of 28 December 1956 to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1957.


1957 New Year Honours
At this time honours for Australians were awarded both in the United Kingdom honours, on the advice of the premiers of Australian states, and also in a separate Australia honours list.


1957 New Year Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1957 New Year Honours, United Kingdom and Commonwealth, Royal Victorian Order, Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO)
At this time the two lowest classes of the Royal Victorian Order were "Member (fourth class)" and "Member (fifth class)", both with post-nominal letters MVO. "Member (fourth class)" was renamed "Lieutenant" (LVO) from the 1985 New Year Honours onwards.


1957 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The 1957 New Year Honours in New Zealand were appointments by Elizabeth II on the advice of the New Zealand government to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. The awards celebrated the passing of 1956 and the beginning of 1957, and were announced on 1 January 1957.


1957 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.


1957 New York City mayoral election
The New York City mayoral election of 1957 occurred on Tuesday, November 5, 1957. Incumbent Democratic Mayor Robert F. Wagner, Jr. going on to won re-election for a second term in office. Wagner defeated the Republican nominee, businessman Robert K. Christenberry.


1957 New York City mayoral election, Campaign
Incumbent Mayor Robert F. Wagner, Jr. chose to run for reelection to a second term. Wagner received the backing of the powerful Tammany Hall political machine. There was debate within the Liberal Party over their strategy for the 1957 elections. Since the middle of the 1950s, there was increasing pressure for the party to fold and merge with the Democrats. Factions within the party believed the Democrats had evolved past machine politics, meaning there was no need for continued existence of the Liberals.


1957 New York City mayoral election, Campaign
Ultimately the view of party father David Dubinsky prevailed; the Liberals would endorse worthy Democrats and Republicans but maintain a separate structure. The Liberals voted by 280 to 23 on July 10 that they would endorse Wagner for Mayor while running their own candidates for city council races. This was met with criticism by the pro-Liberal New York Post, which labelled the endorsement as "surrender". Wagner also appeared on the City Fusion, an anti-Tammany party, ballot line.


1957 New York City mayoral election, Campaign
On June 27, the Republican party nominated Robert K. Christenberry at the Ambassador Hotel, of which Christenberry was the president. Though Christenberry had never held elected office, he had previously he was a friend of former governor Thomas Dewey and had been appointed by Dewey to the state Athletic Commission. Christenberry had also served as Vice Consul in Vladivostok and the Dominican Republic as well as the American representative at the inauguration of Paraguayan President Alfredo Stroessner.


1957 New York City mayoral election, Campaign
At the start of his campaign, Christenberry attacked Mayor Wagner, saying he had "a record of indecision" and a "failure to face up to problems". Christenberry centered his campaign around a plan to hire 5,000 new police officers to reduce crime, the reduction of graft and corruption in city government, and halting New York City's population loss. Throughout the campaign, Christenberry attacked Wagner on the issue of crime and claimed that the administration had "miserably failed" on that issue.


1957 New York City mayoral election, Campaign
The Republican Party split when Vito P. Battista, a sometime Republican, announced a bid for mayor under the banner of the self-created United Taxpayers Party. Battista, an architect and founder of the Institute of Design and Construction ran in opposition to Mayor Wagner's policies on taxation and social services. On WNYC's Campus Press Conference, Battista stated that his party stood for "Lower taxes or the intelligent distribution of the tax dollar in running local city government; the elimination of waste, the elimination of inefficiency, and the proper planning of our community." Battista also railed against communist influence in the city government, and alleged that there were communists living in New York City public housing.


1957 New York City mayoral election, Campaign
Eric Hass was selected by the Socialist Labor Party in April 1957. Hass had previously been the party's nominee for president in 1952 and 1956. Because of a New York law prohibiting parties from using names held by other parties, the SLP had appeared as the Industrial Government Party on the ballot for many years. Joyce Cowley, a single mother and Trotskyite activist was chosen as the candidate of the Socialist Workers Party. Cowley chose to campaign among female workers, youth, and in the predominantly African-American neighborhood of Harlem.


1957 New York City mayoral election, Campaign
From the start of the campaign, Wagner was favored for reelection. Though Christenberry was praised by Democrats like Eleanor Roosevelt for his energy and knowledge of the issues, even traditionally Republican newspapers were not optimistic about his chances. Despite this, President Eisenhower and Vice President Nixon appeared with and endorsed Christenberry. Former Governor Dewey endorsed Christenberry just four days before the election in a letter. A Democratic internal poll in August indicated Wagner would win reelection by 350,000 votes and a second poll in September indicated an even larger victory. These polls found Wagner had support from every ethnic group in New York, though Wagner was strongest among Jews, with 75% of Jewish voters supporting him.


1957 New York City mayoral election, Results
Wagner received 69.23% of the vote to Christenberry's 26.86%, a landslide Democratic victory margin of 42.37%. Wagner swept all five boroughs, breaking 60% of the vote in Queens and Staten Island, and breaking 70% of the vote in Manhattan, Brooklyn, and the Bronx.


1957 New York Film Critics Circle Awards
The 23rd New York Film Critics Circle Awards, honored the best filmmaking of 1957.


1957 New York Giants (MLB) season
The 1957 New York Giants season involved the team finishing in sixth place in the National League with a 69–85 record, 26 games behind the NL and World Champion Milwaukee Braves. It was the team's 75th and final season in New York City before its relocation to San Francisco, California for the following season. The last game at their stadium, the Polo Grounds, was played on September 29 against the Pittsburgh Pirates.


1957 New York Giants (MLB) season, Regular season, Relocation to San Francisco
While seeking a new stadium to replace the crumbling Polo Grounds, the Giants began to contemplate a move from New York, initially considering Metropolitan Stadium in Minneapolis–St. Paul, which was home to their top farm team, the Minneapolis Millers. Under the rules of the time, the Giants' ownership of the Millers gave them priority rights to a major league team in the area.


1957 New York Giants (MLB) season, Regular season, Relocation to San Francisco
At this time, the Giants were approached by San Francisco mayor George Christopher. Despite objections from shareholders such as Joan Whitney Payson (who later owned the expansion Mets), majority owner Horace Stoneham entered into negotiations with San Francisco officials around the same time that Dodgers' owner Walter O'Malley was courting the city of Los Angeles. O'Malley had been told that the Dodgers would not be allowed to move to Los Angeles unless a second team moved to California as well. He pushed Stoneham toward relocation. In the summer of 1957, both the New York Giants and the Brooklyn Dodgers announced their moves to California, and the golden age of baseball in the New York area ended.


1957 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1957 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1957 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 New York Giants season
The 1957 New York Giants season was the franchise's 33rd season in the National Football League.


1957 New York Giants season, Regular season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1957 New York Yankees season
The 1957 New York Yankees season was the 55th season for the team in New York, and its 57th season overall. The team finished with a record of 98–56 to win their 23rd pennant, finishing eight games ahead of the Chicago White Sox. New York was managed by Casey Stengel. The Yankees played their home games at Yankee Stadium.


1957 New York Yankees season
In the World Series, the Yankees were defeated by the Milwaukee Braves in seven games. They lost the crucial seventh game in Yankee Stadium to the starting pitcher for the Braves, Lew Burdette, who was selected the World Series Most Valuable Player based on this and his other two victories in the Series.


1957 New York Yankees season
Phil Rizzuto, the former team shortstop from the early 50s, joined the broadcast team for the radio and television broadcasts taking over from Jim Woods in what would be the first of many seasons as a Yankees broadcaster.


1957 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1957 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1957 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 New York Yankees season, 1957 World Series
NL Milwaukee Braves (4) vs. AL New York Yankees (3)


1957 New Zealand Grand Prix
The 1957 New Zealand Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Ardmore Circuit on 13 January 1957. The event was won by Briton Reg Parnell driving the Ferrari 555/860 to victory over fellow Briton Peter Whitehead and former New Zealand Grand Prix winner, Stan Jones.


1957 New Zealand Grand Prix
The event was perhaps best known for the death of British driver Ken Wharton. Whilst attempting to overtake a lapped car, Wharton lost control of his car and struck straw bales outlining the base of the pylon carrying an overhead banner over the circuit. After somersaulting several times, where Wharton was thrown out onto the circuit, he was left unconscious with severe head injuries of which he would later succumb to.


1957 New Zealand National Party leadership election
The 1957 New Zealand National Party leadership election was held to choose the next leader of the New Zealand National Party. The election was won by Pahiatua MP Keith Holyoake.


1957 New Zealand National Party leadership election, Background
By 1956 Sidney Holland’s health was beginning to fail. His memory began to deteriorate and he lost much energy which he needed for work. In October 1956 he suffered either a mild heart attack or stroke while working in his office during the Suez Crisis. The following year a group of senior cabinet ministers led by Keith Holyoake, Jack Marshall, Jack Watts and party president, Alex McKenzie, persuaded Holland (who was reluctant to go) to resign citing his health deterioration. Holland announced his retirement from the leadership at the National's annual conference in Christchurch on 12 August 1957. Almost immediately after finishing his speech he collapsed backstage and was rushed to hospital by an ambulance.


1957 New Zealand National Party leadership election, Candidates, Keith Holyoake
Holyoake was a senior member of Holland's government. He served as Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Agriculture and Minister of Marketing. He had been seen for years as a potential leader and was often predicted to be the one to succeed Adam Hamilton as National's leader, however he was hampered in this after losing his seat in the 1938 election.


1957 New Zealand National Party leadership election, Candidates, Others
The only other possible successor to Holland was his Minister of Labour, Bill Sullivan. He was seen as leadership material being straight-talking, tough, energetic and resolute and when Holland's health began to fail Sullivan was speculated as being a possible Prime Minister. However Sullivan had resigned from Parliament in February 1957, following the death of his son Bruce, ruling out the possibility of a candidature.


1957 New Zealand National Party leadership election, Result
Holland named Holyoake as his preferred successor as party leader upon his resignation and in the following caucus meeting he was unanimously elected as National's third party leader. Holyoake's elevation to the leadership left the deputy spot vacant. Attorney-General Jack Marshall defeated Minister of Finance Jack Watts for the position.


1957 New Zealand National Party leadership election, Aftermath
Holyoake served as Prime Minister for two months before the general election that year, making only modest changes to cabinet. After Holland's resignation he was knighted and made a Minister without portfolio by Holyoake before retiring from Parliament at the 1957 election, which National went on to lose, claiming 39 seats to Labour's 41.


1957 New Zealand general election
The 1957 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 32nd term. It saw the governing National Party narrowly defeated by the Labour Party. The 1957 elections marked the beginning of the second Labour government, although this administration was to last only a single term.


1957 New Zealand general election, Background
The National Party had formed its first administration after the 1949 elections, and had been re-elected in the 1951 elections and the 1954 elections. As its third term in office continued, however, the Prime Minister, Sidney Holland, became increasingly ill. Holland's memory began to fail, and he is believed to have suffered a mild heart attack during the Suez Crisis. A mere two months before the 1957 election, Holland was persuaded by his party to step down; Keith Holyoake, his deputy, became Prime Minister. The Labour Party was still led by Walter Nash, who had been Finance Minister in the first Labour government.


1957 New Zealand general election, Background
The 1957 election campaign was dominated largely by financial issues, particularly introduction of the PAYE tax system. As a campaign promise, Labour announced that in the year that PAYE commenced, there would be a flat rebate of £100 on income tax — National attacked this as an election bribe. Labour also campaigned to abolish compulsory military training. National made no great changes to its policy platform, and Holyoake largely retained the Cabinet he had inherited from his predecessor.


1957 New Zealand general election, Background, MPs retiring in 1957
Six National MPs intended to retire at the end of the 31st Parliament. No Labour MPs retired.


1957 New Zealand general election, Background, MPs retiring in 1957
Jack Massey also left parliament at the election. He intended to stand again in Franklin but was deselected as a candidate by the National Party.


1957 New Zealand general election, The election
The date for the main 1957 election was 30 November. 1,252,329 people were registered to vote, and turnout was 92.9%. This turnout, although only average for the time, was not to be equalled or exceeded until the 1984 election. The number of seats being contested was 80, a number which had been fixed since 1902.


1957 New Zealand general election, The election
The Labour candidate for Clutha, R S Waters, died the day before the general election, and the election there was postponed to 18 January 1958.


1957 New Zealand general election, Election results, Party standings
The 1957 election saw the governing National Party defeated by a narrow two-seat margin. It had previously held a ten-seat majority. National won a total of thirty-nine seats, while the Labour Party won forty-one. In the popular vote, National won 44% to Labour's 48%. The Social Credit Party won 7% of the vote, a drop from its previous result of 11%. It still won no seats.


1957 New Zealand general election, Election results, Votes summary
The table below shows the results of the 1957 general election:


1957 New Zealand general election, Post-election events
A number of local by-elections were required due to the resignations of incumbent local body politicians following the general election:


1957 New Zealand rugby league season
The 1957 New Zealand rugby league season was the 50th season of rugby league that had been played in New Zealand.


1957 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
New Zealand attended the 1957 World Cup, defeating Great Britain but losing to France and Australia. The Kiwis then lost a match against a combined Great Britain/France XIII. The team was coached by Bill Telford and consisted of Pat Creedy, Vern Bakalich, Neville Denton, Tom Hadfield, Ron Ackland, Bill Sorensen, George P Turner, vice-captain George Menzies, Sel Belsham, Jock Butterfield, Bill McLennan, Henry Maxwell, captain Cliff Johnson, Kevin Pearce, Jim Riddell, John Yates, Rex Percy and Keith Bell.


1957 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
An Auckland junior team toured Australia, winning matches against Illawarra, Western Suburbs and twice beating Eastern Suburbs. The squad included future Kiwis Brian Reidy, who captained the squad, and Gary Phillips.


1957 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Northern Union Cup
Auckland again held the Northern Union Cup at the end of the season.


1957 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Ellerslie won the Auckland Rugby League's Fox Memorial Trophy. They shared the Rukutai Shield with City Newton. Otahuhu won the Roope Rooster.


1957 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
The first University of Auckland rugby league club was founded in 1957. Affiliated to the Ellerslie club, the University side included Murray Paterson.


1957 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Canterbury
The Canterbury Rugby League experimented with a "sin bin" until the New Zealand Rugby League instructed them to return to International rules. The sin bin is now a permanent feature of the rugby league rules.


1957 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Canterbury
The Rugby League finally sold Monica Park during the season.


1957 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Other competitions
The Manawatu Rugby League was formed in February with six clubs; Takaro, Kiwi, Celtic, Kia Ora, Marton and Feilding. Ex-Australian international Noel Pidding played for the Marton club. Feilding won the first ever Championship title defeating Takaro.


1957 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia
The 1957 New Zealand tour rugby to Australia was the 19th tour by the New Zealand national rugby union team to Australia.


1957 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia
The last tour of "All Blacks" in Australia was the 1947 tour, then Australians visit New Zealand in 1952 and in 1955


1957 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia
All Blacks won all both test matches and the Bledisloe Cup, lost in 1949.


1957 Newcastle-upon-Tyne North by-election
The Newcastle-upon-Tyne North by-election of 21 March 1957 was held after the elevation to the Peerage of National Liberal and Conservative MP (MP) Gwilym Lloyd George.


1957 Newcastle-upon-Tyne North by-election
The seat was safe, having been won by Lloyd George at the 1955 United Kingdom general election by nearly 11,000 votes


1957 Nicaraguan general election
General elections were held in Nicaragua on 3 February 1957 to elect a president and National Congress.


1957 Nicaraguan general election
Luis Somoza Debayle formalized his grip on the presidency through fraudulent elections in February 1957 which were boycotted by all the opposition except the puppet Conservative Nationalist Party (PNC). The Popular Social Christian Party (PPSC) was created in reaction to these elections and received support from younger Conservatives dissatisfied with their party’s inability to make any political impact on the dictatorship.


1957 Nigerien Territorial Assembly election
Territorial Assembly elections were held in Niger on 31 March 1957. The result was a victory for the Sawaba party, which won 41 of the 60 seats.


1957 Night Series Cup
The 1957 VFL Night Premiership Cup was the Victorian Football League end of season cup competition played in August, September and October of the 1957 VFL Premiership Season. This was the second edition that the VFL Night Series had existed with the competition expanding to feature all twelve teams. The games were being played at the Lake Oval, Albert Park, then the home ground of South Melbourne, as it was the only ground equipped to host night games.


1957 Night Series Cup
In the final, South Melbourne took out their second night series cup, defeating Geelong by 51 points (15.13.103 to 8.4.52). This would later be the only edition until 1977 to feature all twelve teams at the time.


1957 Nippon Professional Baseball season
The 1957 Nippon Professional Baseball season was the eighth season of operation of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).


1957 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded the French writer Albert Camus "for his important literary production, which with clear-sighted earnestness illuminates the problems of the human conscience in our times."


1957 Nobel Prize in Literature
Aged 44 when he received the prize, Camus is the second youngest recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature.


1957 Nobel Prize in Literature, Laureate
Albert Camus was a novelist, essayist and playwright best known for his novels The Stranger (1942), The Plague (1947) and The Fall (1956).


1957 Nobel Prize in Literature, Nominations
Albert Camus was nominated for the Nobel Prize in literature on 11 occasions, the first time in 1949. In total the Nobel committee received 66 nominations for 44 individuals in 1957, including André Malraux, Nikos Kazantzakis, Karen Blixen, E. M. Forster, Alberto Moravia, Samuel Beckett, Georges Duhamel, Jules Romains, Jean-Paul Sartre, Ezra Pound, Saint-John Perse, Carlo Levi, Väinö Linna, Boris Pasternak and Robert Frost.


1957 Nobel Prize in Literature, Award ceremony speech
In his award ceremony speech on 10 December 1957 Anders Österling, permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy, said of Camus: "Active and highly creative, Camus is in the centre of interest in the literary world, even outside of France. Inspired by an authentic moral engagement, he devotes himself with all his being to the great fundamental questions of life, and certainly this aspiration corresponds to the idealistic end for which the Nobel Prize was established. Behind his incessant affirmation of the absurdity of the human condition is no sterile negativism. This view of things is supplemented in him by a powerful imperative, a nevertheless, an appeal to the will which incites to revolt against absurdity and which, for that reason, creates a value."


1957 North Carolina Tar Heels football team
The 1957 North Carolina Tar Heels football team represented the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. The Tar Heels were led by third-year head coach Jim Tatum and played their home games at Kenan Memorial Stadium. The team competed as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference, finishing tied for third.


1957 North Dakota Fighting Sioux football team
The 1957 North Dakota Fighting Sioux football team, also known as the Nodaks, was an American football team that represented the University of North Dakota in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. In its first year under head coach Marvin C. Helling, the team compiled a 3–4–1 record (2–3–1 against NCC opponents), finished in sixth place out of seven teams in the NCC, and was outscored by a total of 198 to 159. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Grand Forks, North Dakota.


1957 North Dakota State Bison football team
The 1957 North Dakota State Bison football team was an American football team that represented North Dakota State University during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season as a member of the North Central Conference. In their first year under head coach Bob Danielson, the team compiled a 0–8 record.


1957 North Dorset by-election
The North Dorset by-election, 1957 was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of North Dorset on 27 June 1957.


1957 North Dorset by-election, Vacancy
The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting Conservative MP, Robert Crouch on 7 May 1957. He had been MP here since gaining the seat in 1950.


1957 North Dorset by-election, Election history
North Dorset had been won by the Conservatives at every election since 1950 when they gained the seat from the Liberals. The result at the last General election was as follows;


1957 North Dorset by-election, Candidates
The Conservatives selected Lt-Col. Richard Glyn. He had first been chosen by the local Conservatives to defend the seat at the 1945 general election, but was defeated by the Liberal candidate Frank Byers. The Liberals selected 34-year-old John Alun Emlyn-Jones as candidate. He had fought the seat of Barry just outside Cardiff in the 1950 general election. He was the son of John Emlyn Emlyn-Jones who had been the Liberal MP here from 1922-24. Labour re-selected H J Dutfield, who had stood here at the last General Election. An Independent candidate, H C Wright, intervened.


1957 North Korean parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held for the 2nd Supreme People's Assembly in North Korea on 27 August 1957. Voters were presented with a single list from the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland, dominated by the Workers' Party of Korea.


1957 North Korean parliamentary election
Only one candidate was presented in each constituency, all of which were selected by the WPK, although some ran under the banner of other parties or state organisations to give the illusion of democracy. Voter turnout was reported to be 99.99%, with 99.92% reportedly voting in favour of the candidates presented.


1957 North Korean parliamentary election
Its first session took place on 18–20 September 1957. One of its declarations was "On the Immediate Tasks of the People's Power in Socialist Construction".


1957 Northeast Louisiana State Indians football team
The 1957 Northeast Louisiana State Indians football team was an American football team that represented Northeast Louisiana State College (now known as the University of Louisiana at Monroe) in the Gulf States Conference during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. In their fourth year under head coach Devone Payne, the team compiled a 2–6 record.


1957 Northern Illinois Huskies football team
The 1957 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University in the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. The Huskies competed in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (IIAC). They were led by second-year head coach Howard Fletcher and played their home games at the 5,500-seat Glidden Field, located on the east end of campus. The Huskies were in a scandal for accepting bribes to lose three of their games. This was denied by the team and never went to court.


1957 Northwest Territories general election
The 1957 Northwest Territories general election was held on August 19, 1957.


1957 Northwestern Wildcats baseball team
The 1957 Northwestern Wildcats baseball team represented Northwestern University in the 1957 NCAA University Division baseball season. The head coach was Fred Lindstrom, serving his 9th year. The Wildcats finished the season with a loss in the District IV Tournament Final.


1957 Northwestern Wildcats football team
The 1957 Northwestern Wildcats team represented Northwestern University during the 1957 Big Ten Conference football season. In their second year under head coach Ara Parseghian, the Wildcats compiled a 0–9 record (0-7 against Big Ten Conference opponents), finished in last place in the Big Ten, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 271 to 57.


1957 Norwegian Football Cup
The 1957 Norwegian Football Cup was the 52nd season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The tournament was open for all members of NFF, except those from Northern Norway. The final was played at Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo on 20 October 1957, and was contested by the six-times winners Fredrikstad, and Sandefjord who made their debut in the Norwegian Cup final.


1957 Norwegian Football Cup
Fredrikstad won their seventh title with a 4–0 win in the final, which also secured the double for Fredrikstad, as they also won the 1956–57 Norwegian Main League. This was Fredrikstad's second double, they won the first in 1938. Skeid was the defending champions, but lost 3–0 against Sarpsborg in the quarterfinal and was eliminated.


1957 Norwegian Football Cup, Third round
August 4:Fredrikstad - Brage 3-2 (extra time)Rapid - Larvik Turn 0-1 Lyn - Asker 3-9 Vålerengen - Os 5-2 Strømmen - Urædd 8-2 Odd - Selbak 4-1 Grane (Arendal) - Skeid 1-3 Hødd - Raufoss 0-3 Kvik (Trondheim) - Kristiansund 3-1 Ranheim - Greåker 3-1 Gjøvik/Lyn - Molde 5-2 Kapp - Sarpsborg 2-2 (extra time) Mjøndalen - Årstad 3-1 Sandefjord - Lisleby 7-0 Viking - Varegg 3-0 Brann - Djerv 1919 4-1


1957 Norwegian Football Cup, Fourth round
August 18:Sarpsborg - Brann 4-0 Fredrikstad - Vålerengen 4-1 Skeid - Gjøvik/Lyn 5-1 Asker - Odd 2-0 Raufoss - Sandefjord 1-2 Larvik Turn - Ranheim 13-0 Viking - Mjøndalen 7-1 Kvik (Trondheim) - Strømmen 3-8


1957 Norwegian Football Cup, Quarterfinal
September 8:Strømmen - Larvik Turn 2-0 Asker - Fredrikstad 2-4 Sandefjord - Viking 3-2 (extra time)Sarpsborg - Skeid 3-0


1957 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 7 October 1957. The result was a victory for the Labour Party, which won 78 of the 150 seats in the Storting. As a result, the Gerhardsen government continued in office.


1957 Norwegian parliamentary election
This was the last time a single party won a majority of seats on its own in a Norwegian election.


1957 Norwegian parliamentary election, Results
The joint list of the Centre Party and Conservative Party won four seats, three of which were taken by the Conservative Party and one by the Centre Party, which was taken by the Conservative Party.


1957 Norwegian parliamentary election, Results
The joint list of the Liberal Party and Conservative Party won no seats.


1957 Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball team
The 1957 Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball team represented the University of Notre Dame in the 1957 NCAA University Division baseball season. The Fighting Irish played their home games at Cartier Field. The team was coached by Jack Kline in his 24th year as head coach at Notre Dame.


1957 Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball team
The Fighting Irish won the District IV playoff to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Penn State Nittany Lions.


1957 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1957 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. Notre Dame's 7–0 victory over Oklahoma snapped the Sooners' NCAA record 47-game winning streak.


1957 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Team players drafted into the NFL
The following players were drafted into professional football following the season.


1957 Nutts Corner BEA Viscount crash
The 1957 Nutts Corner BEA Viscount crash was a British European Airways (BEA) flight from London to Belfast that crashed at Nutts Corner Airport on 23 October 1957, killing all seven passengers and crew.


1957 Nutts Corner BEA Viscount crash, Aircraft
The aircraft was a Vickers Viscount 802, registration G-AOJA, built and delivered to BEA the previous year. It was the first 800 Series Viscount built and was used by the manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs for test and promotional flights prior to delivery.


1957 Nutts Corner BEA Viscount crash, Accident
On the afternoon of the accident the aircraft took off from London Heathrow Airport at 15:16 GMT on a non-scheduled positioning flight to Nutts Corner Airport in Belfast, Northern Ireland, where it was due to pick up the UK government Minister of Supply Aubrey Jones and a group of journalists, who had been attending the opening of a research building for Short & Harland Ltd in Belfast. An hour-and-a-half later, with low cloud and rain at Nutts Corner, the aircraft commenced its approach to land from the east on runway 28.


1957 Nutts Corner BEA Viscount crash, Accident
As the aircraft neared the runway it veered right of the runway centreline. Less than 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) from the eastern end of the runway the crew carried out a go-around, but the aircraft crashed about 1,000 feet (300 m) to the left of the far end of the runway. The accident killed all five crew and the two passengers (a BEA official and his wife) on board, and the aircraft was destroyed.


1957 Nutts Corner BEA Viscount crash, Investigation and cause
A Public inquiry was convened to investigate the accident, during which it emerged that the airport's approach lighting system may have been switched off at the time of the aircraft's landing attempt. The inquiry also heard evidence regarding a bent screwdriver that had been found in the wreckage, but as this had been removed by an airport worker before its position in the wreckage had been recorded, the likelihood of the object jamming the flight controls could not be assessed. At the conclusion of the inquiry, while it made recommendations regarding the security of aircraft crash sites and tool control during maintenance, and suggested that records be kept of when airport approach lighting was switched on or off, no official cause of the accident was determined.


1957 October Revolution Parade
The 1957 October Revolution Parade was a parade on Moscow's Red Square dedicated to the ruby jubilee of the Great October Socialist Revolution on 7 November 1957.


1957 October Revolution Parade
It was inspected by the Minister of Defense and Marshal of the Soviet Union Rodion Malinovsky, who also delivered a speech to the troops of the Moscow Military District from the grandstand of Lenin's Mausoleum. Accompanying Malinovsky on the mausoleum was First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev, Premier Nikolai Bulganin and the Chairman Kliment Voroshilov. Among the foreign leaders at the parade was Chinese leader Mao Zedong and Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Minh, who were in Moscow to attend the International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties.


1957 October Revolution Parade
In retaliation for the kidnapping and subsequent execution of Hungarian leader Imre Nagy, Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito boycotted the parade, being the only communist leader who did not attend the parade or the larger celebrations. The parade was led and commanded by the commander of the Moscow Military District General of the Army Kirill Moskalenko.


1957 October Revolution Parade
In the mobile column, vehicles such as the GAZ-69, the BTR-151, the T-54 tanks, and the ZSU-57-2 were seen. It marked the last of the Soviet era flypasts of the Soviet Air Force during military parades, a tradition that was not seen until the 2008 Moscow Victory Day Parade. After the parade, each cadet on parade received a personal thank-you note from Premier Khrushchev.


1957 Odisha Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the second Odisha Legislative Assembly were held 1957.


1957 Odisha Legislative Assembly election, Constituencies
The elections were held for 140 seats of 101 constituencies. 62 constituencies were single-member while 39 constituencies were two-member constituencies. Out of 101 constituencies, 25 were reserved for Scheduled Caste, while 18 were reserved for Scheduled Tribe. A total of 517 candidates contested for these 140 seats.


1957 Odisha Legislative Assembly election, Political Parties
Three national parties, Communist Party of India, Congress and Praja Socialist Party along with the state party All India Ganatantra Parishad took part in the assembly election. Congress party emerged again as the winner by winning 40% of the seats with a vote share of 38.26%. Harekrushna Mahatab again become the Chief Minister of the state.


1957 Ohio Bobcats football team
The 1957 Ohio Bobcats football team was an American football team that represented Ohio University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. In their ninth and final season under head coach Carroll Widdoes, the Bobcats compiled a 2–6–1 record (1–4–1 against MAC opponents), finished in a tie for fifth place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 156 to 134.


1957 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The 1957 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented the Ohio State University in the 1957 Big Ten Conference football season. The team was led by captains Galen Cisco and Leo Brown. They were the third national title team in Ohio State football history. They were coached by Hall of Fame coach Woody Hayes. The Buckeyes were awarded the title by the UPI Coaches Poll and represented the Big Ten Conference in the Rose Bowl.


1957 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The Buckeyes finished the 1956 season with a two shut-out losses to Iowa and Michigan. Going into the 1957 season fans had a feeling of rebuilding. The feeling was made stronger with an opening loss to unranked TCU. To make matters worse, Michigan State, Minnesota, Michigan and Iowa were all ranked in the Top 6 of the AP Poll Rankings while Ohio State would not be ranked until late October. Coach Hayes rallied the team every week and made them better following this loss.


1957 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The Buckeyes came back with a big win at Washington and victories over Illinois, Wisconsin and Purdue, along with crushing victories over Indiana and Northwestern. A shocking Purdue upset over #2 Michigan State, a tie between Michigan and Iowa, and Minnesota’s unraveling season after a loss to Illinois continued to help the Buckeyes.


1957 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
It was a late star performance by sophomore fullback Bob White against unbeaten Iowa that pushed the team even further. Trailing 13–10 and on their own 32-yard line, White ran on six of the eight plays for 66 out of the 68 yards, capped off by a 5-yard touchdown run.


1957 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
A victory over Michigan moved the Bucks up to #2 in the AP, behind Auburn. However, the UPI Coaches' poll voted OSU #1 and Auburn #2. The Bucks were also declared #1 by the Football Writers Association Poll. Since Auburn was on probation during their 1957 season and did not participate in a bowl game as a result, and the fact that Ohio State played in the Rose Bowl, Ohio State is named national champions for this season by most writers.


1957 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
In a hard fought Rose Bowl game, a late field goal by Don Sutherin in the fourth quarter sealed the victory over the Oregon Webfoots. The Buckeyes finished the season 9–1 and named national champions.


1957 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Game summaries, at Michigan
Ohio State played without halfback Don Clark, who was sidelined with a groin injury.


1957 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1957 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. They played their home games at Oklahoma Memorial Stadium in Norman, Oklahoma, and were members of the Big Seven Conference. They were two-time defending national champions (1955, 1956), led by head coach Bud Wilkinson, in his eleventh season.


1957 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The Sooners won their first seven games in 1957, but were upset at home by unranked Notre Dame on November 16, stopping Oklahoma's record-breaking win streak at 47 games. It was their only loss of the season; they finished fourth in both final polls in early December, and won the Orange Bowl in January.


1957 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Postseason, NFL draft
The following players were drafted into the National Football League following the season.


1957 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team
The 1957 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team represented Oklahoma State University in the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. This was the 57th year of football at OSU and the third under Cliff Speegle. The Cowboys played their home games at Lewis Field in Stillwater, Oklahoma. Oklahoma A&M officially changed its name to Oklahoma State University prior to this season, and the program competed their first season as an independent after over three decades in the Missouri Valley Conference. The Cowboys finished the season with a 6–3–1 record.


1957 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team, After the season
The 1958 NFL Draft took place on December 2, 1957 at The Warwick in Philadelphia. The following Oklahoma State player was selected during the draft.


1957 Ole Miss Rebels football team
The 1957 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. The Rebels were led by 11th-year head coach Johnny Vaught and played their home games at Hemingway Stadium in Oxford, Mississippi (and alternate site home games in Jackson, Mississippi). They competed as members of the Southeastern Conference, finishing in second with a regular season record of 8–1–1 (5–0–1 SEC), and were ranked 7th in the final AP Poll. They were invited to the 1958 Sugar Bowl, where they defeated Texas, 39–7.


1957 Omloop Het Volk
The 1957 Omloop Het Volk was the 13th edition of the Omloop Het Volk cycle race and was held on 24 March 1957. The race started and finished in Ghent. The race was won by Norbert Kerckhove.


1957 Open Championship
The 1957 Open Championship was the 86th Open Championship, played 3–5 July at the Old Course in St Andrews, Scotland. Bobby Locke, age 39, won his fourth and final Open title, three strokes ahead of runner-up Peter Thomson, who had won the three previous Opens.


1957 Open Championship
The Open, last played at the Old Course just two years prior, was originally scheduled for Muirfield, but the "Suez Crisis" in Egypt in late 1956 led to serious fuel shortages in Britain and rationing of petrol. In early 1957, the Royal and Ancient decided that St Andrews, on a railway line, would be an easier place for players and spectators to get to than Muirfield, and so it was moved. Petrol rationing ended in May 1957 but it was then too late to switch back to the original venue and Muirfield was allocated the 1959 edition.


1957 Open Championship
Qualifying took place on 1–2 July, Monday and Tuesday, with 18 holes on the Old Course and 18 holes on the New Course. With an entry of 295, compared to the record 360 entries the previous year, qualifying was in pairs rather than the three-balls used in 1956. The number of qualifiers was limited to a maximum of 100, and ties for 100th place were not included. Bernard Hunt and Bobby Locke led the qualifiers at 137; the qualifying score was 149 and 96 players advanced to the opening round on Wednesday.


1957 Open Championship
There were fifteen American entries, many of them amateurs, but only four qualified for the  field of 96: professionals Cary Middlecoff and Frank Stranahan finished in the top twenty and the two amateurs missed the cut.


1957 Open Championship
During the first round on Wednesday, competitors playing behind Middlecoff demonstratively complained of his slow play. They officially protested to the R&A, which sided with Middlecoff, who had completed his 18-hole round with Antonio Cerdá in three hours and 18 minutes. The maximum number of players making the cut after 36 holes was set at fifty, and ties for 50th place were not included.


1957 Open Championship
This was the first Open Championship in which the leaders after 36 holes went off last for the final 36 holes. Previously a random draw had been used. Flory Van Donck and Eric Brown, the leading two players after 36 holes were paired together in the final group for the final two rounds.


1957 Open Championship
A mini-controversy surrounded the ending of the championship. Lying two, Bobby Locke was only four feet (1.2 m) from the cup on the 72nd hole when he moved his ball marker one putter-head length to avoid the line of fellow competitor Bruce Crampton's putt. After Crampton holed out, Locke forgot to replace his ball to its original position and sank his putt. Only much later were officials made aware of Locke's mistake; the Championship Committee decreed that no advantage had been gained and that the result, and Locke's three-stroke victory, stood.


1957 Open Championship, Card of the course
^ The 10th hole was posthumously named for Bobby Jones in 1972


1957 Open Championship, Round summaries, Second round
Source:Amateurs: Smith (–1), Galloway (+2), Joe Carr (+6), Shepperson (+7), Sinclair (+7),Butler (+8), Texier (+8), Will (+8), Lawrie (+9), Andrews (+10), Allan (+12), Reid (+12), Keck (+21).


1957 Orange Bowl
The 1957 Orange Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Clemson Tigers and the Colorado Buffaloes. It was played on New Year's Day in Miami, Florida.


1957 Orange Bowl, Background
Colorado was the runner-up in the Big Seven Conference in 1956; they played in the Orange Bowl over national champion Oklahoma due to a Big Seven rule at the time not permitting consecutive bowl appearances. Clemson was the champion of the Atlantic Coast Conference, their first conference title since the Southern Conference title in 1948. This was Clemson's first bowl game since 1951 and first Orange Bowl since 1950. This was Colorado's first bowl game in nineteen years since the Cotton Bowl in 1938, and they were favored by a field goal.


1957 Orange Bowl, Game summary
John Bayuk led the Buffaloes to a 20–0 halftime lead, beginning with his 2-yard run. Boyd Dowler made it 14–0 on his 6-yard run. Howard Cook concluded the first half scoring with his 26-yard touchdown run. At halftime, Howard threatened to resign if his team did not put up some effort. Clemson responded with 21 straight points. Joel Wells scored two touchdowns from 3 and 58 yards out to narrow the lead to 6, then Bob Spooner gave the Tigers the lead on his 1-yard touchdown run, with 11:22 to go.


1957 Orange Bowl, Game summary
Strangely, Clemson elected to onside kick the ball, which Colorado recovered. The Buffaloes drove 53 yards in 8 plays and concluded with a John Bayuk touchdown to take the lead once again. With time running down, Clemson recovered a fumble at the Colorado 27. However, Bob Stransky intercepted Charlie Bussey's pass, sealing the win for Colorado.


1957 Orange Bowl, Aftermath
Colorado returned to the Orange Bowl five years later in 1962, but Clemson did not return for a quarter century, which was a win over Nebraska in January 1982 to win the consensus national championship.


1957 Oregon State Beavers football team
The 1957 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State College in the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. Led by third-year head coach Tommy Prothro, the Beavers went 8–2, and outscored their opponents 203 to 129. Oregon State won their second consecutive Pacific Coast Conference championship, the only time the Beavers have won consecutive conference championships. The team captain was Ted Searle.


1957 Oregon State Beavers football team
Oregon State became the second and last PCC team to be adversely affected by the "no-repeat" rule for the Rose Bowl. Unranked rival Oregon, which had lost to the Beavers, went instead. Three years earlier, undefeated UCLA had to stay home, too. Implemented after California lost a third straight Rose Bowl in January 1951, the rule was thrown out for West Coast teams when the PCC disbanded in 1959, but the Big Ten retained theirs from the late 1940s until the early 1970s.


1957 Oregon Webfoots football team
The 1957 Oregon Webfoots represented the University of Oregon in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. Three home games were played on campus in Eugene at Hayward Field and three at Multnomah Stadium in Portland.


1957 Oregon Webfoots football team
Led by seventh-year head coach Len Casanova, the Ducks were 7–3 in the regular season and 6–2 in the PCC, co-champions with rival Oregon State. Although the Beavers won the Civil War game in Eugene, the PCC had a no-repeat rule for the Rose Bowl, so the Ducks had clinched the berth the previous week with a win in Los Angeles over struggling USC.


1957 Oregon Webfoots football team
In the Rose Bowl on New Year's Day, Oregon met Big Ten champion Ohio State (8–1), second-ranked and led by head coach Woody Hayes. The Buckeyes were ranked first in the UPI coaches poll and heavily favored, by up to twenty points, but needed a fourth quarter field goal to break a tie for a 10–7 win.


1957 Oregon Webfoots football team
Outside the 27–26 win at Stanford, the Ducks did not allow more than thirteen points in their ten other games, which included two shutouts, and finished at 7–4.


1957 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo)
1957 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo) was the 51st water polo championship in Hungary. There were ten teams who played one-round match for the title.


1957 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), Final list
*M - Matches; W - Win; D - Drawn; L - Lost G+ - Goals earned; G- - Goals got; Diff - Difference; P - Point


1957 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), 2. Class
1. UTTE 29, 2. BVTSE 27, 3. Tatabányai Bányász 21(1), 4. Szolnoki Honvéd 21, 5. Szentes 17, 6. Csepel Autó 15, 7. Kistext 14, 8. Bp. Gyárépítők 13, 9. Tipográfia 12, 10. Óbudai Hajógyár 9(1) point. In parentheses were the conclusion penalty points.


1957 Ottawa Rough Riders season
The 1957 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in 2nd place in the IRFU with an 8–6 record but lost to the Montreal Alouettes in the East Semi-Final.


1957 PFC Cherno More Varna season
The 1957 season marked the immediate return of Cherno More to the top flight of Bulgarian football after the club was dramatically relegated in 1955. The club started the season as SCNA Varna (Bulgarian: СКНА Варна), Sport Club of the People's Army, but was renamed to Botev Varna in June 1957.


1957 PFC Cherno More Varna season, Overview, Background
Cherno More was relegated from A Group at the end of 1955, despite starting the season with 5 consecutive wins and finishing only three point off third place. The following year the team won the regional B group and booked a place for an end-of-the-season qualifying tournament played in Sofia in November 1956 to determine the last two teams to join A group in 1957. Competing were the five winners of the regional B groups and 11th-placed in A Group Zavod 12. Cherno More, competing as SCNA Varna, won a deciding match against Lokomotiv Plovdiv on 20 November 1956 to finish second.


1957 PFC Cherno More Varna season, Overview, Winless Streak
The team lost seven of the first 8 games, only drawing against Levski Sofia in Varna on 24 March 1957. Form improved somewhat in the following fixtures, but the Sailors remained winless after 15 matches of the 22 rounds season. With only six points gained and seven matches remaining, the club was bottom of the table and facing relegation for the second time in three years.


1957 PFC Cherno More Varna season, Overview, The Great Escape
The team, recently renamed Botev Varna midseason, achieved first win of the campaign in round 16 by defeating Botev Plovdiv 1-0 on 1 September 1957, giving supporters hope before a fixture break until mid-October. League football returned on October 13 with the 4-0 thrashing of Marek Stanke Dimitrov, followed by two more wins against city rivals Spartak and eventual runners-up Lokomotiv Sofia, denting their title hopes in the process. Botev Varna then drew against the dominant force of Bulgarian football and eventual league winners CDNA in Sofia, before securing survival with a game to spare by comfortably defeating Spartak Plovdiv 3-0 at home.


1957 PGA Championship
The 1957 PGA Championship was the 39th PGA Championship, held July 17–21 at Miami Valley Golf Club in Dayton, Ohio. In the last PGA Championship played under the match play format, Lionel Hebert won 2 & 1 over Dow Finsterwald, who won the following year, the first as a 72-hole stroke play event.


1957 PGA Championship
Defending champion Jack Burke Jr. lost in the second round to Milon Marusic, 2 & 1.


1957 PGA Championship
At the time, it was not yet known that this was the last at match play, the decision to switch to stroke play was announced during the November meetings.


1957 PGA Championship
The Open Championship was held two weeks earlier in Scotland at St Andrews; neither Hebert nor Finsterwald played in 1957 (or ever).


1957 PGA Championship, Format
The match play format at the PGA Championship in 1957 called for nine rounds (162 holes) in five days. As in 1956, the two-day stroke play qualifying segment (36 holes) was eliminated; 128 players were entered in the single-elimination bracket. The PGA Championship had concluded on Tuesday since 1947; this year's schedule was modified for a Sunday final, with match play beginning on Wednesday. The first five rounds were 18-hole matches contested over the first three days, which reduced the field to four players for the weekend. The semifinals and finals were 36-hole matches played on the final two days, Saturday and Sunday.


1957 PGA Championship, Format
Consolation matches at 18 holes were held on the weekend to determine third to eighth places.


1957 PGA Championship, Final eight bracket
In the 18-hole quarterfinals Friday, a clash of the Hebert brothers was avoided when Walter Burkemo defeated Jay Hebert 2&1, while Lionel Hebert defeated Claude Harmon by the same score. On the other side of the bracket, Dow Finsterwald defeated Charles Sheppard, 2 up, and Don Whitt defeated Dick Mayer,  2&1. In the 36-hole semifinals on Saturday, Finsterwald defeated Whitt, 2 up, and Hebert prevailed over Burkemo, 3&1.


1957 PGA Championship, Final eight bracket
The final match on Sunday was all-square after the first 18 holes in the morning. Hebert won the first three holes in the afternoon with birdies, but the match was back to all square after thirty holes. Hebert birdied the next three and Finsterwald matched two of them, but then bogeyed the 34th and was two down with two to play; the par-3 35th was halved with pars to end the match. Hebert earned $8,000 for the victory and Finsterwald received $5,000 as runner-up. Burkemo, the 1953 champion, defeated Whitt 3&1 to claim third place and $3,500. Finsterwald captured the title the following year in the new stroke play format; Hebert's older brother Jay won in 1960.


1957 Pacific Southwest Championships
The 1957 Pacific Southwest Championships was a combined men's and women's amateur tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Los Angeles Tennis Club in Los Angeles, California in the United States. It was the 31st edition of the tournament and took place from September 13 through September 22, 1957. Vic Seixas and Althea Gibson won the singles titles.


1957 Pacific Southwest Championships, Finals, Men's Doubles
Ashley Cooper /  Neale Fraser defeated  Budge Patty /  Vic Seixas 3–6, 5–7, 13–11, 13–11, 6–3


1957 Pacific Southwest Championships, Finals, Women's Doubles
Althea Gibson /  Darlene Hard defeated  Mary Bevis Hawton /  Janet Hopps 6–2, 6–4


1957 Pacific Southwest Championships, Finals, Mixed Doubles
Mary Bevis Hawton /  Robert Howe defeated  Darlene Hard /  Mike Davies 6–3, 6–4


1957 Pacific Tigers football team
The 1957 Pacific Tigers football team represented the College of the Pacific during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season.


1957 Pacific Tigers football team
Pacific competed as an independent in 1957. They played home games in Pacific Memorial Stadium in Stockton, California. In their fifth season under head coach Jack Myers, the Tigers finished with a record of five wins, three losses and two ties (5–3–2). For the season they outscored their opponents 145–127.


1957 Pacific Tigers football team, Team players in the NFL
The following College of the Pacific players were selected in the 1958 NFL Draft.


1957 Pacific hurricane season
The 1957 Pacific hurricane season was a moderately active year in which 13 tropical cyclones formed. The hurricane season ran through the summer and fall months which conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The first tropical cyclone developed on July 15. The final storm dissipated on December 6, becoming one of the few Pacific storms to exist outside of the seasonal dates. Of the season's 13 storms, five of these formed or crossed into the central Pacific.