1959–60 Sussex County Football League
Division 1 remained at sixteen teams and Sidley United was promoted from Division 2. Division 2 was decreased to fifteen teams, as Cuckfield and Hove Town left the league but Horsham YMCA joining, from which the winner would be promoted into Division 1.


1959–60 Sussex County Football League, Division One
The division featured 16 clubs, 15 which competed in the last season, along with one new club:


1959–60 Sussex County Football League, Division Two
The division featured 15 clubs, 14 which competed in the last season, along with one new club:


1959–60 Swedish Division I season
The 1959–60 Swedish Division I season was the 16th season of Swedish Division I. Djurgardens IF won the league title by finishing first in the final round.


1959–60 Syracuse Nationals season
The 1959–60 NBA season was the Nationals' 11th season in the NBA.


1959–60 Tercera División
The 1959–60 Tercera División season was the 24th since its establishment.


1959–60 Toronto Maple Leafs season
The 1959–60 Toronto Maple Leafs season saw the Maple Leafs finish in second place in the National Hockey League (NHL) with a record of 35 wins, 26 losses, and 9 ties for 79 points. They defeated the Detroit Red Wings in six games in the Semi-finals before being swept by their arch-rivals, the Montreal Canadiens, in the Stanley Cup Finals.


1959–60 Toronto Maple Leafs season, Playoffs
Montreal swept the Chicago Black Hawks in four games to reach the Final. In the other semi-final, Toronto defeated the Detroit Red Wings four games to two.


1959–60 Toronto Maple Leafs season, The Stanley Cup Final Series
Montreal swept the Maple Leafs, outscoring them 15–5, en route to being the first team since the 1952 Detroit Red Wings to go without a loss in the playoffs.


1959–60 Toronto Maple Leafs season, The Stanley Cup Final Series
After the series Rocket Richard retired. He went out with style, finishing with his 34th final-series goal in the third game.


1959–60 Toronto Maple Leafs season, Player statistics, Forwards
Note: GP= Games played; G= Goals; AST= Assists; PTS = Points; PIM = Points


1959–60 Toronto Maple Leafs season, Player statistics, Defencemen
Note: GP= Games played; G= Goals; AST= Assists; PTS = Points; PIM = Points


1959–60 Toronto Maple Leafs season, Player statistics, Goaltending
Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; SO = Shutouts; GAA = Goals against average


1959–60 Turkish National League
The 1959–60 Turkish National League was the second season of professional football in Turkey. The league consisted of 20 clubs, with Beşiktaş J.K. winning their third championship.


1959–60 Turkish National League, Overview
The original sixteen clubs of the 1959 Milli Lig took part in the 1959–60 edition, along with newly promoted Kasımpaşa, Şeker Hilal, Altınordu, and Feriköy. Beşiktaş won their first league title, winning 11 matches by a 1-0 margin, a record at the time. Metin Oktay finished top scorer with 33 goals. Clubs were not relegated directly, but instead took part in the Baraj Maçları, a competition between the top four amateur clubs and the bottom three Milli Lig clubs.


1959–60 Turkish National League, Overview
Altınordu finished first in the Baraj Maçları, allowing them to stay in the Milli Lig. Hacettepe and Adalet were not successful, earning relegation to the Ankara and Istanbul professional leagues respectively. Adana Demirspor and PTT earned promotion to the Milli Lig. Adana Demirspor would become the first club from outside of the big three cities (Ankara, Istanbul, and İzmir) to compete in the Milli Lig during the following season.


1959–60 Tweede Divisie
The Dutch Tweede Divisie in the 1959–60 season was contested by 25 teams, twelve of which playing in group A, thirteen in group B.


1959–60 Tweede Divisie
Eight teams would play against relegation this season in a play-off. Two teams already had to play in it on the basis of last season's results: ONA and Velocitas 1897. The other six participants were the lowest ranked teams of this season. The changes were part of an attempt by the KNVB to make the Tweede Divisie one league next year. Also, one extra team would be promoted to the Eerste Divisie this year, through a play-off between the third-place finishers of both groups.


1959–60 Tweede Divisie, Final tables, Promotion play-offs / Tweede Divisie B
The two losing sides played off for the final promotion spot:


1959–60 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team
The 1959–60 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1959–60 NCAA men's basketball season and were members of the Athletic Association of Western Universities. The Bruins were led by 12th year head coach John Wooden. They finished the regular season with a record of 14–12 and finished second in the AAWU with a record of 7–5. After five years at the Pan-Pacific Auditorium, UCLA moved to the new Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena.


1959–60 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team, Previous season
The Bruins finished the regular season with a record of 16–9 and finished third in the PCC with a record of 10–6.


1959–60 United States network television schedule
The following is the 1959–60 network television schedule for the three major English language commercial broadcast networks in the United States. The schedule covers primetime hours from September 1959 through March 1960. The schedule is followed by a list per network of returning series, new series, and series cancelled after the 1958–59 season.


1959–60 United States network television schedule
By the end of the 1950s, the three major U.S. television networks had basically given up direct control of their TV programs. According to TV historians Castleman and Podrazik (1982), ABC allowed Warner Brothers studios to fill 30% of its fall 1959 schedule. The networks "acted as mere conduits", with Warner, Talent Associates, Revue Studios, Ziv, Screen Gems, 20th Century-Fox, Goodson-Todman, and Desilu Studios producing nearly everything on the networks; with rare exceptions, only network news and sports were still produced in-house.


1959–60 United States network television schedule
By fall 1959 what the Hollywood studios were producing were mostly Westerns. According to Castleman and Podrazik (1984), "the rush to Westerns had become a virtual stampede so that, by the fall of 1959, viewers had their choice from a staggering twenty-eight different Western-based prime time series." Westerns were popular with audiences, but critics lamented the loss of other program formats, which had quietly vanished from the three networks' schedules. The addition of Westerns and game shows came at the direct expense of the live dramatic anthology series seen during the Golden Age of Television.


1959–60 United States network television schedule
All times are Eastern and Pacific. New fall series are highlighted in bold.


1959–60 United States network television schedule
The official schedule was set by each network before the start of the official fall season. The fall season is from September to November in the U.S.. The mid-season schedule is listed under the official fall season lineup of each network. The mid-season schedule is from December 1959 to May 1960.


1959–60 United States network television schedule
Each of the 30 highest-rated shows is listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research.


1959–60 United States network television schedule, Sunday
Note: The CBS 1960 summer series Lucy in Connecticut consisted of reruns of I Love Lucy from the final 13 episodes of the 1956-57 season when the Lucy and Ricky Ricardo characters made their home in Westport, Connecticut.


1959–60 United States network television schedule, Monday
(*) In some areas, Douglas Edwards with the News and The Huntley-Brinkley Report aired at 6:45 p.m.(**) Formerly known as The Steve Allen Show


1959–60 United States network television schedule, Monday
New episodes of Richard Diamond, Private Detective, starring David Janssen, during the season were split, with some airing on NBC from October 1959 to January 1960 on Mondays at 7:30 p.m. Eastern Time, and the remainder on NBC on Tuesdays at 9:00 p.m. Eastern from June to September 1960.


1959–60 United States network television schedule, Tuesday
Notes: Gas Company Playhouse and NBC Playhouse alternated weekly. Gas Company Playhouse, hosted by Julia Meade, consisted of reruns of Goodyear Television Playhouse, The David Niven Show, Colgate Theater, and Alcoa Theatre. NBC Playhouse, hosted by Jeanne Bal, consisted of reruns of episodes of The Loretta Young Show in which Loretta Young had not starred.


1959–60 United States network television schedule, Tuesday
New episodes of Richard Diamond, Private Detective, starring David Janssen, were split during the 1959–1960 season, with some airing on NBC from October 1959 to January 1960 on Mondays at 7:30 p.m. Eastern Time, and the remainder on NBC on Tuesdays at 9:00 p.m. Eastern from June to September 1960.


1959–60 United States network television schedule, Wednesday
Note: On ABC, Music For a Spring Night was the summer 1959 series Music For a Summer Night renamed. It reverted to the name Music For a Summer Night in May 1960.


1959–60 United States network television schedule, Thursday
Note; The ABC 1960 summer series The Jeannie Carson Show consisted of reruns of the 1956-1957 CBS situation comedy Hey, Jeannie!


1959–60 United States network television schedule, By network, NTA
Note: The * indicates that the program was introduced in midseason.


1959–60 United States network television schedule (daytime)
The 1959–60 daytime network television schedule for the three major English-language commercial broadcast networks in the United States covers the weekday daytime hours from September 1959 to August 1960.


1959–60 United States network television schedule (daytime)
Talk shows are highlighted in yellow, local programming is white, reruns of prime-time programming are orange, game shows are pink, soap operas are chartreuse, news programs are gold and all others are light blue. New series are highlighted in bold.


1959–60 United States network television schedule (daytime), Summer 1960
Rocky and His Friends (Tue/Thu) My Friend Flicka (Wed) reruns


1959–60 United States network television schedule (late night)
These are the late night Monday-Friday schedules on all three networks for each calendar season beginning September 1959. All times are Eastern and Pacific.


1959–60 United States network television schedule (late night)
Talk shows are highlighted in yellow, local programming is white.


1959–60 WHL season
The 1959–60 WHL season was the eighth season of the Western Hockey League. The Vancouver Canucks were the President's Cup champions as they beat the Victoria Cougars in five games to two in the final series.


1959–60 WHL season
Both the Saskatoon Quakers and New Westminster Royals announced they would not play the season, leaving the league with seven teams.


1959–60 WHL season, Playoffs
The Vancouver Canucks defeated the Victoria Cougars 5 games to 2 to win the President's Cup.


1959–60 WHL season, Bibliography
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1959–60 WIHL season
1959–60 was the 14th season of the Western International Hockey League.


1959–60 WIHL season, Playoffs, Semi final (Round-robin tournament)
Note: Trail started the series with 3 points, Nelson 2, & Rossland 1.


1959–60 WIHL season, Playoffs, Final (Best of 5)
The Trail Smoke Eaters beat Nelson Maple Leafs 3 wins to none.


1959–60 WIHL season, Playoffs, Final (Best of 5)
The Trail Smoke Eaters advanced to the 1959-60 British Columbia Senior Playoffs.


1959–60 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
The 1959–60 Washington Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Washington for the 1959–60 NCAA college basketball season. Led by first-year head coach John Grayson, the Huskies were members of the Athletic Association of Western Universities (Big Five) and played their home games on campus at Hec Edmundson Pavilion in Seattle, Washington.


1959–60 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
The Huskies were 15–13 overall in the regular season and 2–9 in conference play, last in the standings.


1959–60 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
Grayson was hired in July 1959, following the departure of Tippy Dye in June to become athletic director at Wichita State. Grayson was the head coach at Idaho State, formerly of the Rocky Mountain Conference, and had led the Bengals to the NCAA Tournament in 1957 with a 25–2 regular season record; he coached the Husky program for four years.


1959–60 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
Following the season in May 1960, assistant (and alumnus) Joe Cipriano became the head coach at independent Idaho. After a successful 20–6 season on the Palouse with the Vandals in 1963, he rejoined Dye at Nebraska of the Big Eight Conference, and guided the Huskers for seventeen years.


1959–60 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
The 1959–60 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team represented Washington State University for the 1959–60 college basketball season. Led by second-year head coach Marv Harshman, the Cougars were an independent and played their home games on campus at Bohler Gymnasium in Pullman, Washington.


1959–60 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
The Cougars were 13–13 overall in the regular season and dropped both campus games to rival Washington, but defeated the Huskies at the Spokane Coliseum.


1959–60 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
The Pacific Coast Conference disbanded in the spring of 1959, and the successor Athletic Association of Western Universities (AAWU, Big Five) initially included the PCC's Southern Division and Washington. The other four teams of the Northern Division competed as independents for several years; all but Idaho eventually joined.


1959–60 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
Washington State was 5–7 against the former Northern Division: Washington (1–2), Oregon (0–3), Oregon State (0–2), and Palouse neighbor Idaho (4–0).


1959–60 Welsh Cup
The 1959–60 FAW Welsh Cup is the 73rd season of the annual knockout tournament for competitive football teams in Wales.


1959–60 Welsh Cup, Fifth round
Ten winners from the Fourth round and six new clubs.


1959–60 Welsh Cup, Semifinal
Cardiff City and Bangor City played at Wrexham, replay - at Newport, Wrexham and Abergavenny Thursdays played at Hereford.


1959–60 West Ham United F.C. season
This is a complete list of appearances by members of the professional playing squad of West Ham United F.C. during the 1959–60 season.


1959–60 West Virginia Mountaineers men's basketball team
The 1959–60 West Virginia Mountaineers men's basketball team represented West Virginia University in the 1959–60 college basketball season. At the time, the Mountaineers were a member of the Southern Conference and coached by Fred Schaus in what proved to be his final year in Morgantown. After the season, he became head coach of the NBA's Los Angeles Lakers, newly relocated from Minneapolis, where he was reunited with his graduated superstar player Jerry West.


1959–60 Western Football League
The 1959–60 season was the 58th in the history of the Western Football League.


1959–60 Western Football League
The champions for the first time in their history were Torquay United Reserves, and the winners of Division Two were Welton Rovers. This season was the last to feature two divisions until 1976–77; many clubs left the league at the end of the season and the league was reduced to one division for 1960–61.


1959–60 Western Football League, Final tables, Division One
Division One remained at nineteen clubs after Frome Town were relegated the previous season, Cinderford Town left, and two clubs joined:


1959–60 Western Football League, Final tables, Division Two
Division Two was reduced from seventeen clubs to fourteen after Bath City Reserves and Trowbridge Town Reserves were promoted to Division One, Hoffman Athletic and Ilfracombe Town left, and one new club joined:


1959–60 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers basketball team
The 1959–60 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers men's basketball team represented Western Kentucky State College during the 1959-60 NCAA University Division Basketball season. The Hilltoppers were led by future Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame coach Edgar Diddle. The Hilltoppers won the Ohio Valley Conference championship, as well as the conference's automatic bid to the 1960 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament, where they advanced to the Sweet Sixteen. This team was very balanced, with four players being named to the All-Conference Team: Charlie Osborne, Bobby Rascoe, Al Ellison, and Don Parsons.


1959–60 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team
The 1959–60 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team represented the College of William & Mary in intercollegiate basketball during the 1959–60 NCAA University Division men's basketball season. Under the third year of head coach Bill Chambers, the team finished the season 15–11 and 10–5 in the Southern Conference. William & Mary played its home games at Blow Gymnasium. This was the 55th season of the collegiate basketball program at William & Mary, whose nickname is now the Tribe.


1959–60 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team
The Indians finished in 3rd place in the conference and qualified for the 1960 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, held at the Richmond Arena. William & Mary defeated Furman in the quarterfinals before losing in the semifinals to top-seeded West Virginia.


1959–60 Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball team
The 1959–1960 Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball team represented University of Wisconsin–Madison. The head coach was John Erickson, coaching his first season with the Badgers. The team played their home games at the UW Fieldhouse in Madison, Wisconsin and was a member of the Big Ten Conference.


1959–60 Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. season
The 1959–60 season was the 61st season of competitive league football in the history of English football club Wolverhampton Wanderers. They played in the First Division, then the highest level of English football.


1959–60 Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. season
The club were narrowly denied a third consecutive league title after Burnley finished one point ahead of them. They did however win both the FA Cup (for a fourth and final time) as well as the FA Charity Shield and also reach the quarter-final stage of the European Cup.


1959–60 Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. season, Results, Football League First Division
Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GA = Goal average; Pts = Points


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup
The 1959–60 Yorkshire Cup was the fifty-second occasion on which the  Yorkshire Cup competition had been held.


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup
For the first time in fourteen years a new name appears on the Yorkshire Cup. Featherstone Rovers who previously won the trophy in the Spring 1940 Wartime competition can now lay claim to a genuine trophy (The  wartime competitions were not counted officially in the records)Featherstone Rovers won the trophy by beating Hull F.C. by the score of 15-14


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup
The match was played at Headingley, Leeds, now in West Yorkshire. The attendance was 23,983 and receipts were £4156


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup, Background
This season there were no junior/amateur clubs taking part, no new entrants and no "leavers" and so the total of entries remained the  same at sixteen.


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup, Background
This in turn resulted in no byes in the first round.


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup, Competition and Results, Final, Teams and Scorers
Scoring - Try = three (3) points - Goal = two (2) points - Drop goal = two (2) points


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments
1 * Headingley, Leeds, is the home ground of Leeds RLFC with a capacity of 21,000. The record attendance was  40,175 for a league match between Leeds and Bradford Northern on 21 May 1947.


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments, General information for those unfamiliar
The Rugby League Yorkshire Cup competition was a knock-out competition between (mainly professional) rugby league clubs from  the  county of Yorkshire. The actual area was at times increased to encompass other teams from  outside the  county such as Newcastle, Mansfield, Coventry, and even London (in the form of Acton & Willesden.


1959–60 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments, General information for those unfamiliar
The Rugby League season always (until the onset of "Summer Rugby" in 1996) ran from around August-time through to around May-time and this competition always took place early in the season, in the Autumn, with the final taking place in (or just before) December (The only exception to this was when disruption of the fixture list was caused during, and immediately after, the two World Wars)


1959–60 Yugoslav Cup
The 1959–60 Yugoslav Cup was the 13th season of the top football knockout competition in SFR Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav Cup (Serbo-Croatian: Kup Jugoslavije), also known as the "Marshal Tito Cup" (Kup Maršala Tita), since its establishment in 1946.


1959–60 Yugoslav Cup, Calendar
The Yugoslav Cup was a tournament for which clubs from all tiers of the football pyramid were eligible to enter. In addition, amateur teams put together by individual Yugoslav People's Army garrisons and various factories and industrial plants were also encouraged to enter, which meant that each cup edition could have several thousands of teams in its preliminary stages. These teams would play through a number of qualifying rounds before reaching the first round proper, in which they would be paired with top-flight teams.


1959–60 Yugoslav Cup, Calendar
The cup final was played on 26 May, traditionally scheduled to coincide with Youth Day celebrated on 25 May, a national holiday in Yugoslavia which also doubled as the official commemoration of Josip Broz Tito's birthday.


1959–60 Yugoslav Cup, First round
In the following tables winning teams are marked in bold; teams from outside top level are marked in italic script.


1959–60 Yugoslav First League
The 1959–60 Yugoslav First League season was the 14th season of the First Federal League (Serbo-Croatian: Prva savezna liga), the top level association football league of SFR Yugoslavia, since its establishment in 1946. Twelve teams contested the competition, with Red Star winning their sixth title.


1959–60 Yugoslav First League, Teams
At the end of the previous season Željezničar and Vardar were relegated. They were replaced by OFK Belgrade and Sloboda Tuzla.


1959–60 Yugoslav Ice Hockey League season
The 1959–60 Yugoslav Ice Hockey League season was the 18th season of the Yugoslav Ice Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Yugoslavia. Six teams participated in the league, and Jesenice have won the championship.


1959–60 Yugoslav Second League
The 1959–60 Yugoslav Second League season was the 14th season of the Second Federal League (Serbo-Croatian: Druga savezna liga), the second level association football competition of SFR Yugoslavia, since its establishment in 1946. The league was contested in two regional groups (West Division and East Division), with 12 clubs each.


1959–60 Yugoslav Second League, West Division, Teams
A total of twelve teams contested the league, including nine sides from the 1958–59 season, one club relegated from the 1958–59 Yugoslav First League and two sides promoted from the third tier leagues played in the 1958–59 season. The league was contested in a double round robin format, with each club playing every other club twice, for a total of 22 rounds. Two points were awarded for wins and one point for draws.


1959–60 Yugoslav Second League, West Division, Teams
Željezničar Sarajevo were relegated from the 1958–59 Yugoslav First League after finishing in the 11th place of the league table. The two clubs promoted to the second level were Igman Ilidža and Varteks.


1959–60 Yugoslav Second League, East Division, Teams
A total of twelve teams contested the league, including nine sides from the 1958–59 season, one club relegated from the 1958–59 Yugoslav First League and two sides promoted from the third tier leagues played in the 1958–59 season. The league was contested in a double round robin format, with each club playing every other club twice, for a total of 22 rounds. Two points were awarded for wins and one point for draws.


1959–60 Yugoslav Second League, East Division, Teams
Vardar were relegated from the 1958–59 Yugoslav First League after finishing in the 12th place of the league table. The two clubs promoted to the second level were Mačva Šabac and Pobeda.


1959–60 ice hockey Bundesliga season
The 1959–60 Ice hockey Bundesliga season was the second season of the Ice hockey Bundesliga, the top level of ice hockey in Germany. Eight teams participated in the league, and SC Riessersee won the championship.


1959–60 in Belgian football
The 1959–60 season was the 57th season of competitive football in Belgium. K Lierse SK won their 3rd Division I title. RSC Anderlechtois entered the 1959–60 European Champion Clubs' Cup as Belgian title holder and RU Saint-Gilloise lost the semifinals of the running 1958–60 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. The Belgium national football team played 6 friendly games (3 wins, 1 draw and 2 losses).


1959–60 in Belgian football, Overview
At the end of the season, R Berchem Sport and K Beringen FC were relegated to Division II and were replaced in Division I by KSC Eendracht Aalst and runner-up VV Patro Eisden from Division II. The bottom 2 clubs in Division II (KRC Mechelen and RFC Sérésien) were relegated to Division III while both Division III winners (KFC Turnhout and UR Namur) were promoted to Division II. The bottom 2 clubs of each Division III league (SK Beveren-Waas, RCS Schaerbeek, Voorwaarts Tienen and R Albert Elisabeth Club Mons) were relegated to Promotion, to be replaced by R Entente Sportive Jamboise, K Wezel Sport FC, KSK Roeselare and K Tubantia FC from Promotion.


1959–60 in Belgian football, European competitions
RSC Anderlechtois lost in the first round of the 1959–60 European Champion Clubs' Cup to Rangers FC of Scotland (loss 5-2 away and 0-2 at home). RU Saint-Gilloise continued their 1958–60 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup campaign by losing to Birmingham City in the semifinals (two losses by 2-4).


1959–60 in English football
The 1959–60 season was the 80th season of competitive football in England.


1959–60 in English football, Diary of the season
17 November 1959: Phil Taylor resigns as manager of lowly Liverpool, languishing in the lower depths of the Second Division, after three years as manager, with all three of his seasons in charge ending with a narrow failure to win promotion to the First Division.


1959–60 in English football, Diary of the season
1 December 1959: Bill Shankly of Huddersfield Town accepts the offer to become Second Division club Liverpool's new manager.


1959–60 in English football, Diary of the season
25 December 1959: The last Football League games to be played on Christmas Day are held – Blackburn defeated Blackpool 1–0 in the First Division and Coventry beat Wrexham 5–3 in the Third Division.


1959–60 in English football, Diary of the season
15 March 1960 Second Division Manchester City pay Huddersfield Town a club record £55,000 transfer fee for Denis Law.


1959–60 in English football, Diary of the season
7 May 1960: Wolverhampton Wanderers defeat Blackburn Rovers 3–0 in the FA Cup final at Wembley Stadium, with two goals from Norman Deeley and an own goal from Mick McGrath.


1959–60 in English football, Honours
Notes = Number in parentheses is the times that club has won that honour. * indicates new record for competition


1959–60 in English football, Football League, First Division
Burnley failed to top the First Division all season, but pipped Wolves to top spot on the final day of their season to clinch the title. Wolves finished their season on 30-April on 54 points. Burnley's last game of the season was on Monday, 2 May, which they won to move to 55 points. The runners-up Wolves, while missing out on a third successive league title and becoming the first team this century to win the elusive double, went on to win the FA Cup this season.


1959–60 in English football, Football League, First Division
Tottenham Hotspur, West Bromwich Albion and newly promoted Sheffield Wednesday completed the top five. Manchester United, last season's runners-up, dipped to seventh in the league this season despite 32 goals from forward Dennis Viollet and the mid-season signing of half-back Maurice Setters. Luton Town, last season's FA Cup finalists, went down in bottom place, and were joined in relegation by Leeds United.


1959–60 in English football, Football League, Second Division
Aston Villa earned an immediate return to the First Division as Second Division champions, and were joined in promotion by runners-up Cardiff City. Liverpool's change of manager from Phil Taylor to Bill Shankly was not enough to earn them promotion, as they finished in third place, eight points adrift of promotion. Huddersfield Town could only finish sixth in the Second Division despite the goals of brilliant young forward Denis Law, who was sold to Manchester City towards the end of the season for a national record fee.


1959–60 in English football, Football League, Second Division
Hull City and Bristol City went down to the Third Division.


1959–60 in English football, Football League, Third Division
The Third Division promotion race was very much a two-horse race for much of the season, ending with Southampton going up as champions and Norwich City as runners-up.


1959–60 in English football, Football League, Third Division
Accrington Stanley, Wrexham, York City and Mansfield Town went down to the Fourth Division.


1959–60 in English football, Football League, Fourth Division
Walsall sealed the Fourth Division title and with it a place in the Third Division. They were joined in the higher division by Notts County, Torquay United and Watford.


1959–60 in English football, Football League, Fourth Division
Gateshead were voted out of the Football League and replaced by ambitious Southern League side Peterborough United, who boasted a 30,000-capacity stadium.


1959–60 in Israeli football
The 1959–60 season was the 12th season of competitive football in Israel and the 34th season under the Israeli Football Association, established in 1928, during the British Mandate.


1959–60 in Israeli football, Domestic leagues, Promotion and relegation
The following promotions and relegations took place at the end of the season:


1959–60 in Israeli football, Domestic leagues, Promotion and relegation
1. Hapoel Even Yehuda withdrew from the league at the end of the season and was replaced by a club from Liga Gimel.


1959–60 in Israeli football, Domestic cups, Israel State Cup
The 1958–59 Israel State Cup started during the previous season, but was carried over the summer break and finished with the final on 19 November 1959, in which Maccabi Tel Aviv defeated Hapoel Petah Tikva 4–3.


1959–60 in Israeli football, Domestic cups, Israel State Cup
On 30 January 1960, the next season's competition began, and once again carried over to the next season.


1959–60 in Scottish football
The 1959–60 season was the 87th season of competitive football in Scotland and the 63rd season of the Scottish Football League.


1959–60 in Scottish football, Other honours, County
* – aggregate over two legs – replay (won on corners) – trophy shared


1959–60 in Scottish football, Scotland national team
1960 British Home Championship – Joint winners with  England and  Wales


1959–60 in Turkish football
The 1959–60 season was the 55th season of competitive football in Turkey.


1959–60 in Turkish football, Overview
Beşiktaş were crowned champions for the first time. The club recorded eleven wins by a 1–0 result. Fenerbahçe finished second, while Galatasaray placed third. Baraj Maçları (Baraj Matches) were created to decide who would be relegated and who would be promoted. The bottom three teams from the Milli Lig faced off against the winning teams from the Adana, Ankara, Istanbul, and İzmir leagues. Altınordu were the only club to stay in the Milli Lig, while Hacettepe and Adalet were relegated to the Ankara and Istanbul leagues respectively.


1959–60 in Turkish football, Overview
In Europe, Fenerbahçe took part in the 1959–60 European Cup. They were knocked out by OGC Nice in the first round after losing out in the play-off match. Beşiktaş qualified for the 1960–61 European Cup after winning the 1959–60 Milli Lig.


1959–60 in Turkish football, Honours
Notes – Number in parentheses is the times that club has won that honour.


1959–60 in Turkish football, Clubs in Europe
Fenerbahçe qualified for the 1959–60 European Cup after winning the 1959 Milli Lig. The club took part in the preliminary round, beating Hungarian side Csepel SC 4–3 on aggregate. The club progressed to the first round, where they met French club OGC Nice. Both clubs drew 3–3 on aggregate. An extra play-off match was needed to decide who would advance. Fenerbahçe went on to lose the play-off match 1–5.


1959–60 in Turkish football, National team
The Turkey national football team took part in a single friendly during the 1959–60. They defeated Scotland 4–2, with Lefter Küçükandonyadis netting two goals.


195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade
The 195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army raised during the Great War. The brigade was part of the Territorial Force and created as a 2nd Line of the 156th (Scottish Rifles) Brigade and part of the 65th (2nd Lowland) Division, itself formed as a 2nd Line of the 52nd (Lowland) Division. The brigade was initially composed of four battalions of the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles).


195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade, Origin
The units and formations of the Territorial Force were mobilised on the outbreak of war on 4 August 1914. Almost immediately, they were invited to volunteer for Overseas Service. On 15 August, the War Office issued instructions to separate those men who had signed up for Home Service only, and form them into reserve units. On 31 August, the formation of a reserve or 2nd Line unit was authorised for each 1st Line unit where 60 per cent or more of the men had volunteered for Overseas Service.


195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade, Origin
The titles of these 2nd Line units would be the same as the original, but distinguished by a '2/' prefix. The large numbers of volunteers coming forward were assigned to these 2nd Line units for training. Later, the Home Service men were separated into provisional units, while the 2nd Line continued to train drafts for the 1st Line serving overseas.


195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade, Order of battle, Reorganisation
In November 1915 the units of 65th (2nd L) Division were reorganised into composite battalions and numbered sequentially. At this time 195th Bde was composed as follows:


195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade, Order of battle, Later war
In January 1916 the composite battalions returned to their original regiments:


195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade, Service
The brigade was formed in January 1915, but progressive training of the 2nd Line units was hampered by the need to provide frequent reinforcement drafts to the 1st Line, by the lack of up-to-date arms and equipment, and the reorganisation when Home Service men were drafted to separate units. By August 195, 65th (2nd L) Division had concentrated round Bridge of Allan, with 195th Bde at Cambusbarron, where it remained until March 1916. In that month the division moved to Essex, where it joined Southern Army (Home Forces), with 195th Bde at Billericay, later at Witham and Terling.


195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade, Service
Early in 1917 the division was sent to Ireland to relieve 59th (2nd North Midland) Division, which had been based there since the Easter Rising of 1916. 195th Brigade was dispersed to Fermoy, Tralee, Limerick, Moore Park and Kilworth.


195th (2/1st Scottish Rifles) Brigade, Service
65th (2nd Lowland) Division and its brigades were disbanded on 18 March 1918.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
The 195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance was a Royal Army Medical Corps unit of the British airborne forces during the Second World War.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
The 195th was the second airlanding Field Ambulance formed by the British Army. Once raised it was assigned to the 6th Airlanding Brigade, which was part of the 6th Airborne Division. It accompanied the brigade on operations, seeing service in the Normandy landings in 1944, and the River Rhine crossing in 1945, after which they remained in Germany following the advance until the end of the war.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
At the end of May 1945, the 195th was withdrawn back to England, but by the end of the year had moved with the 6th Airborne Division to the British mandate of Palestine in an internal security role. The 195th served in Palestine until the 6th Airlanding Brigade was disbanded.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Background
Impressed by the success of German airborne operations, during the Battle of France, the British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, directed the War Office to investigate the possibility of creating a corps of 5,000 parachute troops. In September 1941 the 1st Parachute Brigade began forming, comprising three parachute infantry battalions. In keeping with British Army practice at the same time as the infantry battalions were forming, airborne supporting arms were formed including Royal Army Medical Corps volunteers. Of the seven airborne field ambulances formed during the Second World War, two were glider borne the 181st and the 195th. While the other five were parachute trained the 16th, 127th, 133rd, 224th and the 225th.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, 195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
On 1 October 1943, the 195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance was formed under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Maurice Anderson, by the conversion of the 195th Field Ambulance to parachute duties. The 195th was the second airlanding field ambulance unit formed. It was then assigned to the 6th Airlanding Brigade, part of the 6th Airborne Division. Training for the 195th as an airborne force was arduous, and designed to ensure they were at the peak of physical fitness. It also comprised glider training, accustoming them to the hardships and problems associated with travelling by gliders. To complement their glider training, some of the unit also completed parachute training.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, 195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
The war establishment of an airlanding field ambulance consisted of 204 all ranks, consisting of ten doctors in two surgical teams and five sections. They could deal with 330 cases in twenty-four hours, with the surgical teams completing 1.8 operations an hour, but if they were required to operate the following day had to be relieved after twelve hours.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, 195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
It was commanded by a Lieutenant-Colonel, with a major second in command and a regimental sergeant major as the senior non-commissioned rank. Medical staff included two specialist surgeons and a specialist anaesthetist, a pharmacist and a Royal Army Dental Corps (RADC) dentist. To assist with operations there were six operating room assistants, a sergeant nursing orderly and six nursing orderlies. Other medical staff included a sergeant sanitary assistant, a masseur, and a RADC orderly. These were assisted by five stretcher bearers, one of whom was trained as a shoemaker.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, 195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
The rest of the headquarters comprised a quartermaster, clerks, cooks, storemen, an Army Physical Training Corps instructor and a barber. The four sections each comprised an officer (doctor) in command and a staff sergeant (nursing orderly) second in command as well as three nursing orderlies, a clerk, a dutyman and thirteen stretcher bearers. The last component of the Field Ambulance was the Royal Army Service Corps detachment, commanded by a captain, with a company sergeant major as second in command. They had fifty men under them, including thirty-eight drivers, four motorcyclists and five vehicle mechanics.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Normandy
The 6th Airborne Divisions two parachute brigades landed in Normandy in the early hours of 6 June 1944, in Operation Tonga. The 195th would land from around 21:00 that evening in Operation Mallard, the plan for the unit was flexible and the location they would establish their Main Dressing Station (MDS) would be decided after they had landed. To carry the 195th to Normandy they were assigned ten Horsa gliders; on board there were the MDS staff, with the two surgical teams and Nos. 3 and 4 Sections. At total there were eleven officers, 109 other ranks, nine Jeeps and five trailers. The remainder of the unit would arrive by sea.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Normandy
The commanding officer with No. 3 Section would land at landing zone 'N', while the MDS with No. 4 Section landed at landing zone 'W'. By 22:30 they had cleared the landing zone and stayed the night at Bas de Ranville and the following morning set up the MDS at Mariquet, which was receiving casualties by 11:00. By midnight 7 June they had treated 154 wounded and the surgeons had performed twenty-three operations. By 07:00 8 June a secure route to the landing beaches was formed and the wounded were evacuated to England.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Normandy
Later that afternoon the seaborne party arrived, reinforcing the MDS staff. In the evening the MDS, which had been under mortar fire, received a direct hit and one of the surgical teams was moved into the buildings basement. Throughout the day they treated 163 wounded and performed eleven operations. On 9 June the MDS was still under intermittent mortar fire but managed to treat 156 wounded and perform eleven operations. By now a blood bank had been established for the British forces at Le Deliverande but supplies were still short and volunteers were asked to donate blood.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Normandy
One volunteer was a captured German non-commissioned officer medical orderly, who not only gave blood but assisted at the MDS. For his conduct during this time the second in command Major Young wrote out a citation for the Iron Cross, which was passed to the German authorities. From 18 June an exhaustion ward was set up at the MDS; men identified as suffering were sedated for forty-eight hours and then returned to their units. By the end of June the 195th had admitted 1,687 men to the MDS and performed 127 operations.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Normandy
On 19 August the 6th Airborne Division crossed the River Dives and advanced north along the coast of France. In the advance No. 2 Section was attached to the 2nd Ox and Bucks Light Infantry, while No. 3 Section was attached to the 12th Devonshire Regiment and later the 1st Royal Ulster Rifles. The MDS at first remained where it was and casualties were evacuated from the front line back to the MDS by Jeep. The following day it was moved across the River Dives to the Château de Villers, and on 26 August to the Manor de la Pommeraye. The division was withdrawn to England in September 1944; during the advance, the 195th had treated 332 casualties, performing nineteen operations.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Germany
In England the 195th were refitted and reformed then in December sent back to Europe in response to the surprise German offensive in the Ardennes, arriving at Calais on 24 December. The division remained on the continent carrying out patrols until February when once again they were withdrawn to England.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Germany
The second airborne crossing of the River Rhine, Operation Varsity took place on 24 March 1945. Involved were the British 6th and the American 17th Airborne Division. With the 6th Division landing in the area around Bergen and Hamminkeln. As in Normandy the two parachute brigades would land first followed by the airlanding brigade.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Germany
The gliders carrying the 195th started crossing the River Rhine from 10:30; in the face of prepared German defences the airlanding brigade suffered forty per cent casualties in the landings. The following afternoon the troops involved in the assault river crossing the 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division linked up with the airborne troops, who by then had taken almost 3,000 casualties.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Germany
On 26 March the 195th followed up the divisions advance into Germany, passing through Rhade, Limbeck and reached Coesfeld on 30 March. Reaching the River Weser the 195th established their MDS at Petershagen, they did not remain here long with the speed of the divisions advance, they were soon at the River Elbe. At Wismar the 195th set up a refugee reception centre, and started treating German civilians and refugees fleeing west from the advancing Russians. Here they remained until the end of the war.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Palestine
At the end of May the division was withdrawn to England, it had been intended for them to go to the Far East for operations against the Japanese Empire. The dropping of the atomic bombs changed the War Office plans and instead the division was sent to Palestine as the Imperial Strategic reserve. On their arrival in Palestine the 6th Airlanding Brigade was concentrated in the Gaza area while they acclimatised to the conditions.


195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Operations, Palestine
When the division deployed at the end of October the 195th moved to the Samaria district. On 15 April 1946, 6th Airlanding Brigade left the division and was renumbered the 31st Independent Infantry Brigade. However the 195th remained with the 6th Airborne Division, and retained as a parachute unit being renamed the 195th (Parachute) Field Ambulance. On 31 October the 195th suffered its first casualties, when two men were killed by a mine exploding under their vehicle. In January 1947 the division relocated to the north of Palestine and the 195th moved to the Galilee sector. In 1948 the British mandate in Palestine ended. At the same time it was decided to disband the division and all its units. Leaving in small groups the last men of the 195th left Palestine in March 1948.


195th (City of Regina) Battalion, CEF
The 195th (City of Regina) Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War. Based in Regina, Saskatchewan, the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915/16 in that city. After sailing to England in November 1916, the battalion was absorbed into the 32nd Reserve Battalion on November 11, 1916. The 195th (City of Regina) Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. A. C. Garner.


195th (City of Regina) Battalion, CEF
The 195th Battalion is perpetuated by The Royal Regina Rifles.


195th Combined Arms Brigade (People's Republic of China)
The 195th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade (Chinese: 重型合成第195旅) is a maneuver formation of People's Liberation Army Ground Force.


195th Combined Arms Brigade (People's Republic of China)
Originally designated the 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (Chinese: 机械化步兵第195旅), it was formed on November 26, 2011 from the 1st Armored Division being split. The brigade was then a part of the 65th Army. Since its inception, the brigade was converted to a dedicated opposing force unit.


195th Combined Arms Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In late 2013 the brigade was transferred to the control of the Beijing Military Region. From May 2014 to September 2015, the brigade fought 33 simulated battles with other brigades and divisions of the PLA ground force at Zhurihe Combined Arms Tactics Training Center, with 32 wins and 1 loss. In April 2017 the brigade was redesignated as the 195th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade.


195th Division (People's Republic of China)
The 195th Army Division (Chinese: 陆军第195师)(2nd Formation) was created in December 1969 basing on the 4th Engineer District, Engineer Troops of Beijing Military Region.


195th Division (People's Republic of China)
The division was part of 65th Army Corps. By then the division was composed of:


195th Division (People's Republic of China)
The division was disbanded in 1985 and re-organized as Tank Brigade, 65th Army. In 1998 it renamed as Armored Brigade, 65th Army. In 2003 the brigade was disbanded and replaced by 1st Armored Division.


195th Fighter Squadron
The 195th Fighter Squadron (195 FS) is a unit of the Arizona Air National Guard 162d Fighter Wing located at Tucson Air National Guard Base, Arizona. The 195th is equipped with the F-16 Fighting Falcon.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, World War II
Formed at Westover Field, Massachusetts in August 1943. During World War II the 410th Fighter Squadron was assigned to the European Theater of Operations (ETO), Ninth Air Force in Western Europe. It was equipped with P-47 Thunderbolts.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, World War II
The 410th flew its first combat mission on 8 May 1944, a fighter sweep over Normandy. It then took part in preinvasion activities, e.g., escorting B-26 Marauders to attack airdromes, bridges and railroads in Occupied France. The squadron patrolled the air over the beachhead when the Allies launched the Normandy invasion on 6 June 1944, and hit troops, tanks, roads, fuel depots and other targets in the assault area until the end of the month.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, World War II
The 410th moved to the Continent in July 1944 where it struck railroads, hangars, boxcars, warehouses and other objectives to prevent reinforcements from reaching the front at St. Lo, where the Allies broke through on 25 July 1944. The squadron bombed such targets as troops in the Falaise-Argentan area in August 1944. During the Battle of the Bulge, December 1944 – January 1945, the 410th concentrated on the destruction of bridges, marshalling yards and highways. It flew reconnaissance missions to support ground operations in the Rhine Valley in March 1945, hitting airfields, motor transports, etc. The squadron continued tactical air operations until 4 May 1945.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, World War II
Returned to the United States and prepared for transfer to the Pacific Theater during the Summer of 1945, the Japanese Capitulation in August led to the squadron's inactivation in November 1945.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, California Air National Guard
The wartime 410th Fighter Squadron was re-activated and re-designated as the 195th Fighter Squadron. It was allotted to the California Air National Guard, on 24 May 1946. It was organized at Van Nuys Airport, California on 16 September 1946. The 195th Fighter Squadron was entitled to the history, honors, and colors of the 410th. The squadron was equipped with F-51D Mustangs and was assigned to the 146th Fighter Group, also at Van Nuys Airport by the National Guard Bureau.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, California Air National Guard
As part of the Continental Air Command Fourth Air Force, the squadron trained for tactical fighter missions and air-to-air combat. The unit was called to active federal service on 1 March 1951 for duty in the Korean War. Its parent 146th FG was transferred to Moody AFB, Georgia, where it trained pilots for Air Training Command. The 195th FS, however, remained at Van Nuys Airport as part of the Air Defense Command 28th Air Division. It was released from active duty and returned to California state control on 11 December 1952.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, California Air National Guard
After the Korean War, the squadron was equipped with the long-range F-51H Mustang and remained a part of Air Defense Command, in February 1954, it was equipped with F-86A Sabre jet interceptors. By July 1955 the transition from the F-51H Mustang to the F-86A Sabre was complete. The squadron was re-designated a Fighter Interceptor unit with an air defense mission for the Los Angeles area. During the 1950s, the squadron received newer F-86F Sabres in 1957 and later F-86H Sabre day interceptors in 1959.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, California Air National Guard
In 1960, the 146th FIG was reassigned to Military Air Transport Service, trading in its Sabre interceptors for 4-engines C-97 Stratofreighter transports. With air transportation recognized as a critical wartime need, the 146th was re-designated the 146th Air Transport Wing (Heavy). During the Berlin Crisis of 1961, both the Wing and squadron were federalized on 1 October 1961. From Van Nuys, the 195th augmented MATS airlift capability worldwide in support of the Air Force’s needs. It returned again to California state control on 31 August 1962. Throughout the 1960s, the unit flew long-distance transport missions in support of Air Force requirements, frequently sending aircraft to Hawaii, Japan, the Philippines, and during the Vietnam War, to both South Vietnam, Okinawa and Thailand.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, California Air National Guard
The C-97s were retired in 1970 and the unit was transferred to Tactical Air Command. It transitioned to the C-130A Hercules theater transport, flying missions in support of TAC throughout the United States and Alaska. In 1973 the C-130A models were transferred to the Republic of Vietnam Air Force and they were replaced by the C-130B. During this period, both the 195th and its sister squadron, the 115th Tactical Airlift Squadron shared the same pool of aircraft.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, California Air National Guard
With the end of the Vietnam War, the California National Guard bureau decided to downsize the 146th Tactical Airlift Wing. With C-130s units being transferred to Military Airlift Command, the 195th TAS was inactivated on 30 September 1974. Its personnel, equipment and aircraft of the 195th TFS were reassigned to the 115th TAS.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, Arizona Air National Guard
In late 1983, the 195th designation was transferred from California to the Arizona Air National Guard. It was formed in January 1984 as the 195 Tactical Fighter Training Squadron and was extended federal recognition on 1 February. The mission of the unit was to train combat-ready pilots for the Air National Guard (Replacement Training Unit or RTU). The 195th TFTS was the second of eventually four squadrons assigned to the 162d Tactical Fighter Training Group at Tucson ANGB. It was equipped with the A-7D/K Corsair II. The squadron was the last of the RTUs in the A-7D aircraft.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, Arizona Air National Guard
Conversion from the A-7D/K started in 1991 when the 195th FS started to receive many older F-16A Block 5 aircraft from other USAF units. This mission remained after the conversion, but the older airframes were not quite suited to fulfill this mission. However, this transition was quite short-lived since the squadron had to disperse its airframes already a year later. With the A-7Ds being retired in 1992, the squadron became a strictly ground academic squadron with no aircraft assigned at the time.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, Arizona Air National Guard
During the same period the ANG started with training foreign non-NATO pilots. Six aircraft from the 148th FTS were designated to begin a school for those students. This group of aircraft and an initial cadre of instructors formed what would later become IMT (International Military Training). The squadron had no official number or designation. In 1995 the ANG Staff decided to transfer this school into the 195th TFTS. Thus the squadron regained its aircraft and started flying again. This time these airframes were all F-16A block 15 models, giving the squadron a better opportunity in its task.


195th Fighter Squadron, History, Arizona Air National Guard
In 2006 the squadron started converting to F-16C block 25 airframes. As one of the last F-16A block 15 airframe squadrons within the ANG and the USAF all together, it was decided to mothball the latter completely. Therefore, the squadron started receiving newer block 25 airframes that were becoming available from other squadrons. The mission of the squadron stayed exactly the same, just being able to perform in a more modern manner with the added capabilities of the block 25 aircraft.


195th Infantry Division (German Empire)
The 195th Infantry Division (195. Infanterie-Division) was a formation of the Imperial German Army in World War I.


195th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 195th Infantry Regiment is a regiment of the United States Army, New Hampshire Army National Guard. Today, it exists as a Regional Training Institute (RTI), and no longer takes part in maneuver operations.


195th Infantry Regiment (United States), History
The 195th Infantry Regiment was created in 1953, with the regimental coat of arms being approved on 30 October 1953. The regiment's origins come from artillery units that served on the Western Front of World War II. The regiment was redesignated as the 941st Armored Field Artillery Battalion on 7 February 1956. The 195th was reactivated on 20 June 1997, and was assigned to be the New Hampshire National Guard's RTI at Center Strafford. In 2017 the unit moved to a new headquarters in Pembroke, New Hampshire (the Edward Cross Training Complex). The unit provides many courses, including the Consolidated Faculty Development Instructor Course (CFDIC), Officer Candidate School (OCS), and the Quartermaster (92Y) Senior Leader Course.


195th New York State Legislature
The 195th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 8, 2003, to December 31, 2004, during the ninth and tenth years of George Pataki's governorship, in Albany.


195th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Senators
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. Betty Little and Joseph Robach changed from the Assembly to the Senate at the beginning of this legislature.


195th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Senators
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


195th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Assembly members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature.


195th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Assembly members
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


195th Ohio Infantry Regiment
The 195th Ohio Infantry Regiment, sometimes 195th Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 195th OVI) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


195th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 195th Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Chase in Columbus, Ohio, and mustered in March 14 through March 20, 1865, for one year service under the command of Colonel Henry Blackstone Banning.


195th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment left Ohio for Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, March 22–25; then to Winchester, Virginia, and was assigned to Brooks' Provisional Division, Army of the Shenandoah. Ordered to Alexandria, Virginia, April 28 and served provost duty there until December.


195th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 195th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service December 18, 1865, at Alexandria, Virginia.


195th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 32 enlisted men during service, all due to disease.


195th Wing
The 195th Wing is a unit of the California Air National Guard, stationed at Beale Air Force Base, California. If mobilized, the wing would be assigned to Air Force Space Command. It comprises seven subordinate units at five locations throughout the state. The 195th controls all non-flying, non-kinetic  operations for the California Air National Guard. The wing was activated as the headquarters for California Air National Guard space, cyber, and intelligence, surveillance & reconnaissance units.


195th Wing
From 1970 through 1974, the wing flew Lockheed C-130 Hercules aircraft from Van Nuys Air National Guard Base as the 195th Tactical Airlift Group.


195th Wing
Today the wing's mission is to train, deploy and employ its airmen and assets to deliver integrated space, cyber, and intelligence, surveillance & reconnaissance capabilities to the Combatant Commands and the Governor of California.


195th Wing, History, Airlift group
The 195th Tactical Airlift Group was formed as the headquarters for the 195th Tactical Airlift Squadron in 1971 Van Nuys Air National Guard Base and was initially equipped with the Lockheed C-130A Hercules. In 1973, the group upgraded to the C-130B model of the Hercules. As the Vietnam War wound down, the demand for airlift decreased and the 146th Tactical Airlift Wing was reduced in size by inactivating the 195th Group and its components on 30 September 1974. The group's personnel, equipment and aircraft were reassigned to other units of the 146th Wing.


195th Wing, History, Composite wing
In August 2015, the California Air National Guard announced that it was forming a new wing to manage its military intelligence, space, cyber and combat communications missions. The core of the new wing would be the 162d Combat Communications Group, which would be inactivated when the wing stood up. Preparations for establishing the wing went back as far as 2001, when the 162d Group added units whose mission complemented its core combat communications mission.


196
Year 196 (CXCVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Dexter and Messalla (or, less frequently, year 949 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 196 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


196 (number)
196 (one hundred [and] ninety-six) is the natural number following 195 and preceding 197.


196 (number), In mathematics
There are 196 one-sided heptominoes, the polyominoes made from 7 squares.


196 (number), In mathematics, Possible Lychrel number
A Lychrel number is a natural number which cannot form a palindromic number through the iterative process of repeatedly reversing its digits and adding the resulting numbers. 196 is the lowest number conjectured to be a Lychrel number in base 10; the process has been carried out for over a billion iterations without finding a palindrome, but no one has ever proven that it will never produce one.


196 (number), In mathematics, Possible Lychrel number
With the exceptions of 887 and 1675, all terms of the 196 trajectory are divisible by 11.


196 BC
Year 196 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Purpureo and Marcellus (or, less frequently, year 558 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 196 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


196 Philomela
196 Philomela is a large and bright main-belt asteroid. It is an S-type asteroid.


196 Philomela
It was discovered by C. H. F. Peters on May 14, 1879, in Clinton, New York and named after Philomela, the woman who became a nightingale in Greek mythology.


196 Philomela
In the late 1990s, a network of astronomers worldwide gathered light curve data that was ultimately used to derive the spin states and shape models of 10 new asteroids, including 196 Philomela. The shape model for this asteroid is described as asymmetrical and smooth, while the light curve varies by up to 0.4 in magnitude.


196 Philomela
To date there have been two reported Philomelian stellar occultations.


1960
1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1960th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 960th  year of the 2nd millennium, the 60th  year of the 20th century, and the  1st   year of the 1960s decade.


1960
It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism.


1960 1000 km Buenos Aires
The 1960 1000 km Buenos Aires took place on 31 January, on the Autódromo Municipal-Avenida Paz, (Buenos Aires, Argentina). It was the sixth running of the race, and after a year off, it returned to be the opening round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. However, this was to be last time to race was held until a non-championship race was held in 1970


1960 1000 km Buenos Aires, Report, Entry
A grand total of 28 racing cars were registered for this event, of which all 28 arrived for practice and 27 for qualifying for the race. As with previous races in Argentina, the race was poorly supported by the work of teams. Only Scuderia Ferrari and Porsche KG sent works cars from Europe. The Italian marque had entered three of the stunning Ferrari 250 TR 59/60 for Richie Ginther/Wolfgang von Trips, Phil Hill/Cliff Allison and Ludovico Scarfiotti/José Froilán González. As for Porsche, they also entered three cars, their 718 RSK were piloted by Jo Bonnier/Graham Hill, Olivier Gendebien/Edgar Barth and Maurice Trintignant/Hans Herrmann


1960 1000 km Buenos Aires, Report, Qualifying
After a three-hour qualifying session held on the three days prior to the race, it was Phil Hill who took pole position for Scuderia Ferrari in their 250 TR.


1960 1000 km Buenos Aires, Report, Race
The race was held over 106 laps of the 5.888 mile, Autódromo Municipal-Avenida Paz, giving a distance of 624.162 miles (1,004.49 km). Due to the lack of opposition as the Porsches were racing in a different class, it was left to Ferrari to battle amongst themselves. Sadly, the race was overshadowed by the fatal accident involving the American, Harry Blanchard, whose Porsche 718 RSK had crashed on the first lap, overturned and hit several times by other cars.


1960 1000 km Buenos Aires, Report, Race
In the race, the Scuderia Ferrari of Hill and Allison, won ahead of their team-mates Ginther/von Trips. Car number 4, took an impressive victory, winning in a time of 6hrs 17:12.1 mins, averaging a speed of 99.283 mph. Second place went to the second Ferrari, albeit a lap adrift. The podium was complete by the S1.6 class winner, Bonnier/Hill who in return were a further four laps behind.


1960 1000 km Buenos Aires, Standings after the race
Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car with no points awarded for positions filled by additional cars. Only the best 3 results out of the 5 races could be retained by each manufacturer. Points earned but not counted towards the championship totals are listed within brackets in the above table.


1960 1000 km Nürburgring
The VI. Internationales ADAC 1000 Kilometer Rennen took place on 22 May, on the Nürburgring Nordschleife, (West Germany). It was the fourth round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. This was also the third round of the FIA GT Cup.


1960 1000 km Nürburgring, Report, Entry
A massive total of 85 racing cars were registered for this event, of which 73 arrived for practice and 67 started the long distance race on the 14.174 mile German circuit. David Brown won the event in 1957 and again in 1958 and 1959 but had withdrawn from Sports Car racing, leaving its lead driver, Stirling Moss without a works drive. He hope to complete his hat-trick of race wins on the Nordschleife, laid with the American outfit, Camoradi USA with their Maserati Tipo 61. As for championship leaders, Porsche, this was their home event arrived with two different cars; 356A and 718 RS 60 for their squad of drivers led by Olivier Gendebien and Jo Bonnier.


1960 1000 km Nürburgring, Report, Entry
Scuderia Ferrari would head the Italian challenge. Ferrari had four works 250 TR 59/60s in the Eifel mountains, Cliff Allison, Willy Mairesse, Phil Hill and Wolfgang von Trips were amongst the squad of drivers. They were joined a fleet of privateer drivers in their Alfa Romeos, Porsche 356A Carreras Oscas and other mainline sports and GT cars.


1960 1000 km Nürburgring, Report, Race
With each lap 14.189 miles in length, the race covered a total of 44 laps, or 1,004.739 km (624.316 mi), the Nordschleife was a fearsome thing to behold. A crowd of approximately 250,000 in attendance came to witness the race, despite a day of rain.


1960 1000 km Nürburgring, Report, Race
As for the race, victory went to the Maserati Tipo 61 of Moss and Gurney, gaining the Englishman his third win in a row in the mountains. The winning partnership, won in a time of 7hr 31:40.5 mins., averaging a speed of 82.843 mph. The margin of triumph over the Porsche of Bonnier/Gendebein was 2 mins 52secs.


1960 1000 km Nürburgring, Standings after the race, FIA World Sportscar Championship
Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car with no points awarded for positions filled by additional cars. Only the best 3 results out of the 5 races could be retained by each manufacturer. Points earned but not counted towards the championship totals are listed within brackets in the above table.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring
The Tenth Annual Sebring International Grand Prix of Endurance for the Amoco Trophy took place on 26 March 1960, on the Sebring International Raceway, (Florida, United States). It was the second round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. This was also the second round of the F.I.A. GT Cup.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Entry
A massive total of 89 racing cars were registered for this event, of which 72 arrived for practice. Only these, 65 qualified for, and started the race. There was controversy surrounding the entry. The event promoter, Alec Ulmann had signed a deal with Amoco whereby they would be the fuel suppliers for the race. This prohibited any entrant from using any other brand of fuel.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Entry
This resulted in the works Ferrari and Porsche teams boycotting the event, as they had their own exclusive fuel arrangements with Shell Oil and British Petroleum (BP) respectively. However, these teams would still be represented in Florida. For Ferrari, their sent cars to Luigi Chinetti, who entered the cars under the North American Racing Team (NART) banner and thereby as a private entry and not bound by any agreement between Scuderia Ferrari and Shell. As for Porsche, they ‘leased’ two of their new RS 60 Spyders to the works driver, Jo Bonnier. Together with a number of Porsche drivers and mechanics who just happened to be holidaying in Florida at that time, volunteered they services to Bonnier for the event.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Entry
There was also controversy when the F.I.A. made last minute rules changes concerning the luggage compartments and windscreens on the Grand Touring (GT) cars. The FIA ruled that these cars should be racing closer the factory specifications than some actually where. This caused some problems for the smaller cars like the Oscas.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Qualifying
As was the normal for Sebring and because they was no qualifying sessions to set the grid, the starting positions were decided according to engine size with the 5.0 litre Chevrolet Corvette C1 of Briggs Cunningham and John Fitch being given first place.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
Most of the 50,000 spectators expected Stirling Moss to win the race in his ”Birdcage” Maserati Tipo 61, provided the car lasted the distance. Of the 65 cars that qualified, many looked strange due to the hasty modifications placed on them with the new F.I.A. regulations.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
Moss had a bad start due to his Maserati having problems starting and pulled away in 23rd place, but by the second lap, the Englishman was up the second behind the early leader, the Ferrari of Pete Lovely. He would pass Lovely on the next lap.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
On lap five, a tragic accident occurred at the hairpin. The Lotus Elite being driven by Jim Hughes suffered a brake failure and headed for the escape road, only to found a photographer standing here, complete with tripod. Hughes tried to avoid him, but rolled his little Lotus, striking the photographer and killing them both.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
At the end of the first hour, Moss, partnered by Dan Gurney were leading from another Birdcage T61 of Walt Hansgen and Ed Crawford. The first of the NART Ferraris was in third, driven by Richie Ginther and Chuck Daigh. By the start of the ‘lunch’ hour, the Ferrari had moved into second.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
On lap 84, the Porsche of Graham Hill parked up with a rod through the engine block, while around the same time, the Ginther/Daigh Ferrari pitted with steam pouring from under the bonnet. Shortly after, the T61 of Crawford ran wide at the hairpin and got struck in the sandbank. Crawford proceeded to dig his car free using his hands, taking almost two hours to do so. Despite their problems, the Ginther/Daigh Ferarri was still in second at the halfway point, albeit lapping 3 mph slower than Moss/Gurney. Now in third was the little Porsche of Hans Herrmann and Olivier Gendebien.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
After completing 123 laps, the Ginther/Daigh Ferrari was withdrawn as it was leaking water and oil. Just 13 laps later, and the leaders were also out, retiring with transmission failure. With 3½ hours to run, the Herrmann/Gendebien Porsche found itself firmly in the lead with another Porsche in second, being piloted by Bob Holbert and Roy Schechter.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
After 12 hours of racing, the Bonnier entered Porsche of Herrmann and Gendebien, won ahead of the similar Brumos Porsche of Holbert and Schechter. Car number 42, took an impressive victory, completing 196 laps, covering 1,019.2 miles after 12 hours of racing, averaging a speed of 84.927 mph. Second place went to the second Porsche, albeit nine lap adrift. The podium was complete by the Ferrari of Lovely and Jack Nethercutt who were a further lap behind.


1960 12 Hours of Sebring, Standings after the race, FIA World Sportscar Championship
Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car with no points awarded for positions filled by additional cars. Only the best 3 results out of the 5 races could be retained by each manufacturer. Points earned but not counted towards the championship totals are listed within brackets in the above table.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans
The 1960 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 28th 24 Hours of Le Mans Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 25 and 26 June 1960, on Circuit de la Sarthe. It was the fifth and final round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship as well as being the fifth round of the inaugural FIA GT Cup. It was held just a week after the tragic Belgian F1 GP in which four drivers, including Stirling Moss were either killed or seriously injured. The prospect of a duel between the 3-litre (180 cu in) Ferrari versus the 2-litre (120 cu in) Porsche championship-leaders was enough to draw large crowds to the 24 Hours race and some 200,000 spectators had gathered for Europe's classic sports car race, around the 13.5 km (8.4 mi) course.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans
Faced with a must-win result to take the World Championship, Ferrari came well-prepared and with 13 entries, from the works and privateer teams. Their main competition would come from Maserati and the British teams, although American Corvettes also made an appearance in the GT-category. The race was barely three hours old when torrential rain hit the circuit causing a number of accidents and issues as water got into the engines. More and more rivals fell away through the night leaving Ferrari to dominate the race.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans
In the end its Sports and GT cars taking 7 of the top 8 places, with only the Aston Martin of the Scottish Border Reivers team in 3rd breaking the sequence. Belgian Olivier Gendebien got his second victory, this time with his countryman, sports journalist/racing-driver, Paul Frère in the works car. Through fast, but reliable, driving they were never seriously threatened, finishing four laps and over 50km ahead of the second-placed Ferrari.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations
After its overhaul of the GT classes in its Appendix J regulations, the CSI (Commission Sportive Internationale - the FIA’s regulations body) looked at retro-fitting them to the Appendix C rules for Sports Cars.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations
There were fourteen classes based on engine capacity (with a maximum of 5 litres (310 cu in) although the World Championship was only open to a 3-litre (180 cu in) maximum) with corresponding set fuel tank sizes. But it was the minimum height and width of widescreens (based on those of GT cars) that caused controversy and after the first round in Argentina a number of senior drivers had protested about the danger in poor weather. There were also new provisions for minimum luggage space, carrying the spare wheel inboard, a minimum ground clearance of 120 mm (4.7 in) and a maximum turning-circle of 13.5 metres (44 ft).


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations
GT cars had to be at least 1,000 cc (61 cu in) and needed a minimum of 100 cars manufactured within 12 months. Although some bodywork changes could be done the net weight could not change by more than 5%.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations
With the new fuel-tank sizes, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) dropped the minimum distance between fuel refills but kept the 25-lap limit for the other fluids. The maximum single-stint for a driver was increased to 52 laps (about 4 hours), although the total driver time was still 14 hours. To be classified, cars had to complete the last lap in less than 30 minutes, and stay within 20% of their nominated Index distance at every 6 hour interval.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations
To promote their new Index of Thermal Efficiency fuel-economy competition, this year the ACO increased the prize money at the expense of the older Index of Performance. After the 1960 currency devaluation, the winner's purse was now 30000 New Francs (about £6750 equivalent at the time) and 2000 New Francs respectively (and 50000 New Frances for the overall distance winner). The Index calculations were also tweaked slightly to account for the bigger windscreens reducing top speeds.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The ACO received 72 entries for the event, of which only 58 were allowed to practice trying to qualify for the 55 places on the grid (increasing by one from the 54 of previous years). Official ‘works’ entries numbered 27, but a number of companies gave strong support to their customer teams. Going into the last race of the championship both Scuderia Ferrari and Porsche arrived with 4-car teams.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
With last year's winner Aston Martin having withdrawn from sports car racing to concentrate on Formula One, Ferrari were once again favourites, even though they had only won the opening round of the championship in Argentina and were trailing Porsche in the championship standings. Four works cars arrived: two were updated Testarossas and two were the new TRI chassis with independent suspension. Driving the updated TR59/60s this year the experienced pairing of Gendebien & Phil Hill were split up.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Belgian Gendebien was paired with compatriot Paul Frère (who had been second in 1959 for Aston Martin), while Hill was driving with fellow Ferrari F1 team-member Wolfgang von Trips. One of the newer TRIs were driven by the other Scuderia F1 drivers Willy Mairesse/Richie Ginther and the second by youngsters Ludovico Scarfiotti/ Ricardo Rodríguez. A 1959-model Testarossa was also run by Luigi Chinetti’s North American Racing Team (NART), driven by the older Rodriguez brother, Pedro and André Pilette.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Even though the company was still having financial difficulties, this year marked the successful return of Maserati to sports car racing with the highly competitive Tipo 61 ‘Birdcage’, raced by American Lloyd Casner's Camoradi Racing Team. The new team, sponsored by Goodyear tyres, had just caused an upset winning the previous race in the championship at the Nürburgring. Three cars were entered, driven by Casner himself with Jim Jeffords, Gino Munaron/Giorgio Scarlatti, while Masten Gregory and Chuck Daigh drove the updated original prototype.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Designer Giulio Alfieri had carefully interpreted the CSI windscreen rules which specified a height but not an angle. So with a windscreen almost half the length of the car, it was very aerodynamic and very fast – reaching 170 mph (275 km/h) on the Mulsanne straight, compared to the Testarossa's 160 mph (255 km/h).


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
This year there were four British cars in the premier class. Ecurie Ecosse entered the 6-year old D-Type that had finished 2nd in 1957, modified with an enlarged windscreen and luggage hump, detracting from its formerly elegant lines. It was driven by Ron Flockhart and Bruce Halford. Their local rivals, Jock McBain's Border Reivers team ran an equally modified Aston Martin DBR, with the previous year's winner Roy Salvadori this year partnered with rising star Jim Clark. The Aston Martin that won that race had been bought by Ian Baillie, a Major in the Grenadier Guards who had Jack Fairman as co-driver.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The other British car caused a sensation and marked a welcome return to Le Mans for American Briggs Cunningham. Jaguar Cars had worked with Cunningham, their New York dealer, to prepare one of their new E-type prototypes for competition. The 3-litre XK-engine developed 290 bhp (against the Testarossa's 300 bhp) giving a top speed of 158 mph (254 km/h). Americans Dan Gurney and Walt Hansgen were the drivers.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
After two outright wins (at Sebring and the Targa Florio) Porsche came to Le Mans as leaders of the Championship with its new RS60 variant. But with a top speed of only 145 mph (235 kp/h) they would be no match for the bigger cars on the long straight. Working with the new rules, they fitted two cars with special 1606cc engines (generating 180 bhp) to put them into the 2-litre category with the consequent bigger fuel tank. They were also the only team to fit wipers on both the inside and outside of the windscreens. This year the works cars were driven by Jo Bonnier/Graham Hill and Hans Herrmann/ Maurice Trintignant. Edgar Barth / Wolfgang Seidel drove the regular RS60, supported again by the two privateer entries from Carel Godin de Beaufort and Jean Kerguen.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Triumph returned to take on the Porsches with their TRS prototype of the upcoming TR4, led once again by former winner Ninian Sanderson. The privateer MG that raced the previous year also returned. In the smaller classes there were single entries from Alfa Romeo and the new Lola company competing in the S-1150 class. The Lola Mk 1 was fitted with the Coventry Climax FWA engine, developing 90 bhp. It was also the lightest car in the field, only 567 kg (1,250 lb)


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
In the next class down, S-1000, two works DB-Panhards would vie with Austin-Healey returning to the circuit with their new Sprite. In the busy smallest class there were eleven entries including four DB-Panhards, as well as Stanguellini, OSCA and a trio of cars from Fiat performance-specialists Abarth. Reflecting changing times, the six DB-Panhard sports were the only French cars in the field this year.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
There were 22 entries in the GT classes. The largest cars in the race were four 4.6-litre (280 cu in) V8 Chevrolet Corvettes after a good showing at Sebring. The Rochester smallblock engine generated over 300 bhp and got up to 150 mph (240 km/h). Stopping the heavy cars would be an issue and many thought they would suffer from brake problems on the tight corners like at the end of the long Mulsanne Straight. Three were entered by Briggs Cunningham, returning to Le Mans after five years away. He drove one with Bill Kimberly, with the others by Dick Thompson/Fred Windridge and Cunningham team-regular John Fitch/Bob Grossman. The fourth Corvette was entered by the Camoradi team.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Up against them was a squadron of eight Ferrari 250 GT Berlinettas. Forghieri's new short-wheelbase variant had just been homologated on raceweek. The V12 3-litre engine produced 280 bhp with a top speed of 160 mph (255 km/h). Three were entered by Chinetti's NART, two more by the Belgian Ecurie Francorchamps and Equipe Nationale Belge. There were also entries from the new Italian Scuderia Serenissima, Graham Whitehead (changing from running Jaguar and Aston Martin) and Le Mans local Fernand Tavano who had only received his car at the start of the week.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Lotus dominated the middle categories with the five Elites. One of the three works cars had been given the 2-litre (120 cu in) FPF Climax engine to enter the GT-2000 class against a pair of privateer AC Aces. Porsche entered a new coupé version of the 356, styled by Abarth and capable of over 140 mph (225 km/h). It would be driven by Herbert Linge and Heini Walter.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice
After the success last year, the ACO was again able to close the public roads on 9 April. Fourteen cars took advantage of the 10 hours of extended testing time.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice
Official qualifying was held over two sessions for a total of 540 minutes over the two days and there were two major accidents. On Wednesday evening after having just done a fast qualifying lap, Dan Gurney in his Jaguar E2A collided at 150 mph (240 km/h) with Fritz d’Orey's Sc. Serenissima Ferrari GT. D’Orey's car speared off the track and hit a roadside tree with such force that it broke the car in two. The young Brazilian suffered severe head injuries that kept him in hospital for 8 months. On Thursday, Jonathon Sieff's Team Lotus car had catastrophic suspension collapse while on the Mulsanne straight. He hit a small hut and the Marks & Spencer heir was badly injured. Out of caution, Lotus withdrew its 2-litre (120 cu in) GT as it was fitted with the same suspension units.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice
On Friday, when the roads were public domain once again, the repaired Jaguar went out for test laps finding its handling was not perfect.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
With no Stirling Moss at the race, it was the equally fleet-footed Jim Clark who was first away in his Aston Martin. But he was soon overtaken, firstly by Walt Hansgen in the Jaguar prototype, then the extremely fast Camoradi Maserati. After a delayed start Masten Gregory blasted past twenty cars to be leading at the end of the first lap. He set about building a considerable lead, getting out to 70 seconds at the end of an incident-free first hour. The five Testarossas, led by Gendebien, were 2nd through 6th, then came the Ecosse Jaguar, Scarlatti's Maserati and Tavano leading the GT classes ahead of Clark in 10th.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
But it was as the first pit-stops were approaching that things started going wrong. The increased drag on the enlarged windscreens meant fuel consumption was increased. Two of the Ferraris, pushing hard to keep up with the Maserati were caught out and both von Trips and Scarlatti ran out of fuel ending up marooned out on the track on their 22nd lap. Gendebien was extremely lucky to run out just as he approached the pits, and coasted into his pit-box. Then when Gregory brought in the Maserati from the lead to refuel and change drivers the car refused to restart. They lost nearly an hour, and 11 laps, while the starter motor was replaced. Rejoining in 46th place they made up 17 places before soaked electrics put them out after midnight. Refueled, Frère, then Gendebien, took a lead they would never relinquish.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
Going into the third hour it started to rain heavily, even hailing at times, creating havoc on the track. With the windscreens impossible to see through, many drivers pitted for cushions to allow them to see over the screens. Bill Kimberley had just taken over Cunningham's Corvette, sent out by his team manager on slick tyres when he aquaplaned off at Maison Blanche, rolled end-over-end twice then slid down the grass ending right side up. Fortunately Kimberly was unhurt.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
At 8pm, after four hours, Gendebien and Frère had a lap's lead over the field. Gunther/Mairesse led the chase ahead of the NART Ferrari and Ecosse Jaguar then, a lap further back, the Aston Martin & Tavano leading the GT classes.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
Going into the night, with the better handling Aston Martin, and superb car control, Clark and Salvadori were able to catch up and overtake the Ferraris, getting up to second place soon after 11pm. The rain then eased allowing the power of the Ferraris to come to bear again. At midnight, after 8 hours racing, Gendebien still led from Ginther/Mairesse, then the Aston Martin, Rodriguez’ Ferrari and the Ecosse Jaguar. In 6th was Whitehead's Ferrari leading the GTs, chased by the Fitch/Grossman Corvette and the French & Belgian Ferrari GTs. In 10th was the first Porsche, of Barth/Seidel, with a handy lead over the rest of the smaller cars.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
The final Maserati (Casner's own) retired with engine issues likely caused by debris from Casner's slip into the Tertre Rouge sand-trap. The E-type lost three laps at the start with fuel-injection issues, had fought back to the edge of the top-10, lost time with burnt pistons then retired with a blown head gasket after midnight.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
Later through the night Pedro Rodriguez put in very fast laps moving up from 5th to catch, pass and then lap Mairesse into second, only to lose it again when he was stopped for ten minutes to fix a misfire. The Ecosse Jaguar had been running third and fourth through the night until at dawn at 5.30am it came to a halt at Arnage with a broken camshaft. It was the end of the illustrious D-type story at Le Mans.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
By Sunday morning, the rain had cleared and the sun was shining. About 8.15am, with Gendebien/ Frère now holding a 5-lap lead, the Ginther/Mairesse Ferrari's gearbox gave up, handing second place back to the NART car, now well ahead of the Aston Martin. Through most of the race the Laureau/Armagnac DB had been leading the Index of Performance from the Guichet/Condriller Abarth, with one of the Porsches back in 3rd. The Porsches had been falling away through the night.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
After being delayed at the start, the Hill/Bonnier car had got back up to 14th until it too was stopped with engine problems. It was the smaller car of Barth/Seidel that had been the best performer, getting up to 9th and mixing it with the Ferrari and Corvette GTs when it started getting gearbox problems.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
The Ferrari GTs had all been running strongly. The Whitehead/Taylor car, after initially leading the GT pack until midnight, had been chasing the French Ferrari of Tavano running in 4th. Then at 12.45 when Taylor was travelling at full speed down the Mulsanne straight the engine detonated with such force it blew the bonnet of the car.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
With the retirements, the remaining Corvette of Fitch/Grossman had moved up to 6th. Then with barely two hours Grossman came in with no water, well before the next fluid refill. Fetching ice from their VIP tent, the crew packed it around the engine instructing the driver to do 10-minute laps, attracting great attention from the crowd. Then the gearbox of the Barth Porsche lost three of it gears with a couple of hours to go. The team parked it up waiting for the last quarter-hour to make a fraught final lap. In the meantime it was overtaken by the Porsche GT that finished 10th.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
Otherwise, the last part of the race was processional. The winning partnership of Gendebien and Frère, averaged a speed of 106.201 mph (170.914 km/h), and their winning margin over the second placed crew was four laps, driven by Ricardo Rodríguez and André Pilette. Coming home third, a further four laps adrift, was 1959 winner Roy Salvadori with Jim Clark in their Aston Martin, breaking up the Ferrari train. The Ferrari GTs followed up their 3-4-5-6 result in 1959 with a 4-5-6-7, forming up in a formation finish behind the leading Testarossas. The Corvette struggled on, finishing 8th, before the engine seized completely just after the finishing line. The other Aston Martin, despite leaking oil for most of the race they stayed consistent and finished 9th.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
Once again the bullet-proof Panhard-engined DBs performed very well, four of the five cars finishing. The 851 cc (51.9 cu in) coupé of Bouharde and Jaeger ran an impressive 32 mpg‑imp (8.8 L/100 km; 27 mpg‑US) fuel economy. The open-top spyder of Armagnac and Laureau comfortably won the Index of Performance going over 25% than its nominal distance. They were also the final winners of the Biennial Cup for best performance over consecutive years.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
But it was the two surviving Lotus Elites that carried off the Thermal Efficiency prize – the works car just beating the French privateer entry. The three Triumphs staged a formation finish, however after battling valve problems all race none could cover their mandatory distance and were not classified. British cars also won class trophies – the privateer MG was first 2-litre car home and the Austin-Healey Sprite beat the DBs in the 1-litre class.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
A proud day for Belgium with three of the drivers in the first two cars coming from that country. The Belgian Prince de Mérode was the honorary starter in his role as President of the FIA, and on hand to congratulate his countrymen at the end of the race. Likewise the Belgian king sent telegrams of congratulations to the drivers. After this success, Paul Frère retired from racing, to resume his regular employment as a motoring journalist, and consultant on motor-racing regulations.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Official results, Finishers
Results taken from Quentin Spurring's book, officially licensed by the ACOClass Winners are in Bold text.


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Official results, Statistics
Taken from Quentin Spurring's book, officially licensed by the ACO


1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, Official results, FIA World Sportscar Championship
Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car with no points awarded for additional cars finishing. Only the best 4 results out of the 6 races would be included for the final score. Points earned but not counted towards the championship are given in brackets.


1960 ABC Championship
The 1960 Asian Basketball Confederation Championship for Men was held in Manila, Philippines.


1960 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1960 Atlantic Coast Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, at Reynolds Coliseum from March 3–5, 1960. Duke defeated Wake Forest, 63–59, to win their first ACC championship. Doug Kistler of Duke was named tournament MVP.


1960 AFC Asian Cup
The 1960 AFC Asian Cup was the 2nd edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). The finals were hosted by South Korea from 14 October to 23 October 1960. The final tournament was organised on a round robin basis, and host country South Korea won with a perfect record of three wins.


1960 AFC Asian Cup, Goalscorers
With four goals, Cho Yoon-Ok is the top scorer in the tournament. In total, 19 goals were scored by 13 different players, with none of them credited as own goal.


1960 AFC Asian Cup qualification
The qualification for the 1960 AFC Asian Cup consisted of 10 teams in three zones with the winners of each zone joining South Korea in the final tournament.


1960 AFC Asian Cup qualification, Zones
Burma * Cambodia * Indonesia ** Malaysia Singapore South Vietnam Thailand *


1960 AFC Asian Cup qualification, Zones
Afghanistan * Ceylon * India Iran Israel   Nepal * Pakistan


1960 AFC Asian Cup squads
Squads for the 1960 AFC Asian Cup played in South Korea.


1960 Agadir earthquake
The 1960 Agadir earthquake occurred 29 February at 23:40 Western European Time near the city of Agadir, located in western Morocco on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean. Despite the earthquake's moderate Mw scale magnitude of 5.8, its relatively shallow depth (15.0 km) resulted in strong surface shaking, with a maximum perceived intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale. Between 12,000 and 15,000 people (about a third of the city's population of the time) were killed and another 12,000 injured with at least 35,000 people left homeless, making it the most destructive and deadliest earthquake in Moroccan history. Particularly hard hit were Founti, the Kasbah, Yachech (iḥšaš) and the Talbordjt area. The earthquake's shallow focus, close proximity to the port city of Agadir, and unsatisfactory construction methods were all reasons declared by earthquake engineers and seismologists as to why it was so destructive.