1957 Houston Cougars football team, Game summaries, Tulsa
The conclusion of the 1957 season coincided with another victory and a perfect 3–0 conference record for the Cougars. Houston met with the Tulsa Golden Hurricane at Skelly Stadium in Tulsa, who were coached by Bobby Dobbs, and had a 3–5 record. An annual match-up between the two teams had existed since the 1950 season, and this was their eighth meeting. Despite their losing record, the Golden Hurricane were coming off of a three-game winning streak, and the game was designated as Tulsa's homecoming.


1957 Houston Cougars football team, Game summaries, Tulsa
The first score of the game came from Houston, when running back Harold Lewis made a 2-yard dive into the Hurricane end zone in the first quarter. Tulsa answered with their own rushing touchdown in the second quarter. However, the game was decided late in the fourth quarter, when a holding call was made against Tulsa, and they were forced to give up fifteen yards. This eventually resulted in Houston's senior halfback Gene Ward scoring another touchdown from a pass by quarterback Don Brown. With a win against Tulsa, Houston improved its all-time series record against the Golden Hurricane to a tie at 4–4.


1957 Houston Cougars football team, After the season, NFL Draft
There were three players from the 1957 season to be drafted to the National Football League in the 1958 NFL Draft. It was the eighth time in team history that Houston players were taken in the draft. Tackle Hogan Wharton was taken by the San Francisco 49ers in the eleventh round (131st overall), but remained on the team through the duration of the 1958 season. Similarly, Don McDonald was taken by the Philadelphia Eagles in the twenty-ninth round (340th overall), but did not leave Houston until after the 1959 season. Tackle John Peters was taken by the Green Bay Packers in the thirtieth round (350th overall). While Donnie Caraway, another Houston player was drafted in 1958, he did not play with the Cougars for the 1957 season.


1957 Houston Cougars football team, After the season, NFL Draft
During the 1959 NFL Draft several more Houston players from the 1957 season were drafted. Don Brown was taken in the second round (20th overall) by the Los Angeles Rams, Hal Lewis was taken in the seventh round (84th overall) by the Baltimore Colts, and Bob Borah was taken in the twenty-fifth round (296th overall) by the Chicago Bears.


1957 Houston Cougars football team, After the season, Honors
Tackle Hogan Wharton was named Lineman of the Year by the Missouri Valley Conference. He was also named to the 1957 All-Missouri Valley Conference Team along with guard Burr Davis, and fullback Harold Lewis. Halfback Don Brown was selected to participate in the 1958 Senior Bowl.


1957 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1957 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State College during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. Humboldt State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC).


1957 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1957 Lumberjacks were led by seventh-year head coach Phil Sarboe. They played home games at the Redwood Bowl in Arcata, California. Humboldt State finished with a record of four wins and six losses (4–6, 3–2 FWC). The Lumberjacks were outscored by their opponents 179–185 for the season. The 1957 season was the only losing season in the 15 years Phil Sarboe was the head coach for the Lumberjacks.


1957 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team, Team players in the NFL
No Humboldt State players were selected in the 1958 NFL Draft.


1957 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1957 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Augsburg, West Germany under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the 5th edition. The Mixed C2 team event debuted at these championships.


1957 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1957 Ice Hockey World Championships were held between 24 February and 5 March 1957 at the Palace of Sports of the Central Lenin Stadium in Moscow, USSR.


1957 Ice Hockey World Championships
This was the last World Championships played on natural ice; and were the first World Championships held in the Soviet Union and they are remembered for the political circumstances surrounding the games. Hungary had been recently occupied by the Soviet Army (to suppress a revolution in October and November 1956), and as a result, the United States and Canada boycotted the World Championships in protest. Joining them were Norway, West Germany, Italy and Switzerland. East Germany participated at the top level for the first time.


1957 Ice Hockey World Championships, Competition
With the boycott, the home team USSR was heavily favoured to win the tournament, but Sweden surprised the world by pulling off an upset. The first step was taken in their third game, when they beat Czechoslovakia 2-0. This important victory was saved by the head of Leksands IF defenseman Vilgot Larsson. He literally headed the puck away from the Swedish net to save a goal, and in the days before mandatory helmets, received several stitches for his heroics. In the final game, Sweden opened with two goals, but the dynamic Soviets responded with 4 goals of their own.


1957 Ice Hockey World Championships, Competition
Down by two in the third period, goals by Eilert Määttä and Erling Lindström tied the game, and the goaltending of Thord Flodqvist and play of Sven "Tumba" Johansson guaranteed the final draw. The USSR had previously only tied Czechoslovakia, so all Sweden needed was one point, or a tie, for gold.


1957 Ice Hockey World Championships, Competition
Karel Straka of Czechoslovakia was named best goaltender. Nikolaï Sologubov of the USSR was best defenceman, and Sven "Tumba" Johansson of Sweden was best forward. Konstantin Loktev of the USSR led all scorers with 18 points (on 11 goals and 7 assists), followed by Nils Nilsson and Ronald Pettersson of Sweden, both with 16 points. Vsevolod Bobrov of the USSR led all scorers with 13 goals. Japan competed for the first time since 1930, and finished last with one point in the standings.


1957 Ice Hockey World Championships, Competition
The Soviets did not have the Swedish national anthem ready for the gold medal ceremony. To compensate for this, the Swedish players decided to sing the anthem over the stadium's PA system. However, few players knew the anthem by heart so they decided to play a little prank on the Soviets and instead sang the Swedish drinking song "Helan Går". Swedish captain Lasse Björn later recalled the story of Marshal Zhukov, the Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union, standing to attention for a simple Swedish drinking song.


1957 Ice Hockey World Championships, Attendance record
The final game (USSR versus Sweden for the championship) was played on the football field of the Grand Sports Arena of the Luzhniki Stadium. It is reputed that over 50,000 fans (or 55,000, depending on sources) saw the game, the most ever for an international hockey game. This stood as the world record until 6 October 2001, when 74,544 fans saw Michigan State University and the University of Michigan play an American NCAA Hockey game outdoors at Spartan Stadium in East Lansing, Michigan.


1957 Ice Hockey World Championships, European Championship medal table
Games played against Japan did not count for the purposes of determining the European champion. Since six of the seven European participants defeated Japan, and since the only opponent that did not defeat Japan (Austria) also lost to each of their European opponents, finishing order for the European championship table was the same as it was for the main championship table.


1957 Idaho State Bengals football team
The 1957 Idaho State Bengals football team was an American football team that represented Idaho State University in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. In their sixth season under head coach Babe Caccia, the Bengals compiled a perfect 9–0 record, won the RMC championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 280 to 85. The team captains were Jim Wagstaff and Ken Peterson.


1957 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1957 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. The Vandals were led by fourth-year head coach Skip Stahley and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. Home games were played on campus at Neale Stadium in Moscow, with one home game in Boise at old Bronco Stadium at Boise Junior College. Led on the field by quarterbacks Howard Willis and Gary Kenworthy, Idaho compiled a 4–4–1 overall record and were 0–3 in the PCC.


1957 Idaho Vandals football team
The Vandals suffered a third straight loss in the Battle of the Palouse with neighbor Washington State, falling 21–13 at Rogers Field in Pullman on November 16. The loss prevented the first winning season for Idaho football since 1938. In the rivalry game with Montana, the Vandals ran their winning streak over the Grizzlies to six and retained the Little Brown Stein.


1957 Idaho Vandals football team, Notable players
This Vandal team had several players who went on to extended careers in professional football. Jerry Kramer of Sandpoint played eleven seasons at right guard with the Green Bay Packers and won five NFL titles (and the first two Super Bowls) under head coach Vince Lombardi. He was an All-Pro five times and was the lead blocker on the famous Packers sweep. Kramer made the NFL's all-decade team for the 1960s and was the last member of the NFL's 50th anniversary team to be inducted into Pro Football Hall of Fame, at age 82 in 2018.


1957 Idaho Vandals football team, Notable players
Wayne Walker of Boise played fifteen seasons with the Detroit Lions as an outside linebacker and was named All-Pro three times. Both were selected in the fourth round of the 1958 NFL Draft; Kramer was 39th overall and Walker 45th, and both were periodic placekickers as pros. (As Vandals, Kramer was the kicker and Walker was the long snapper.)


1957 Idaho Vandals football team, Notable players
Sophomore Jim Norton of Fullerton, California, was a safety and punter for nine seasons with the Houston Oilers; he was the all-time interceptions leader in the American Football League and his #43 was the first retired by the franchise.


1957 Idaho Vandals football team, Notable players
Jim Prestel of Indianapolis was a defensive tackle for eight seasons in the NFL, primarily with the expansion Minnesota Vikings. A junior in 1957, he missed most of the season due to his mother's terminal illness. Selected in the sixth round of the 1959 NFL Draft, 70th overall, he was granted another year of eligibility and played for Idaho in 1959 and began his pro career with the Cleveland Browns in 1960. Prestel was also a standout player on the Vandal basketball team. He played in his final game at Idaho in the Battle of the Palouse in late October with a broken foot, then was sidelined and missed the basketball season.


1957 Idaho Vandals football team, All-Coast
Because of their limited conference schedule, no Vandals were on the All-PCC first team (eleven spots), but two were selected for the second team; guard Jerry Kramer and center Wayne Walker. Honorable mention were quarterback Howard Willis, end Larry Aldrich, and fullback Ken Hall.


1957 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1957 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1957 Big Ten Conference football season. In their 16th year under head coach Ray Eliot, the Illini compiled a 4–5 record and finished in seventh place in the Big Ten Conference. End Ron Hanson was selected as the team's most valuable player.


1957 Indian Rajya Sabha elections
Rajya Sabha elections were held on various dates in 1957, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber.


1957 Indian Rajya Sabha elections, Elections, Members elected
The following members are elected in the elections held in 1957. They are members for the term 1957-1963 and retire in year 1963, except in case of the resignation or death before the term. The list is incomplete.


1957 Indian Rajya Sabha elections, Bye-elections
The following bye elections were held in the year 1957.


1957 Indian general election
General elections were held in India between 24 February and 9 June 1957, the second elections to the Lok Sabha after independence. They were held five years after the 1951–52 elections in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution of India. Elections to many state legislatures were held simultaneously.


1957 Indian general election
There were 494 seats elected using first past the post voting system. Out of the 403 constituencies, 91 elected two members, while the remaining 312 elected a single member. The multi-seat constituencies were abolished before the next election.


1957 Indian general election
Under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru, the Indian National Congress easily won a second term in power, taking 371 of the 494 seats. They gained an extra seven seats (the size of the Lok Sabha had been increased by five) and their vote share increased from 45.0% to 47.8%. The INC won nearly five times more votes than the Communist Party, the second largest party. In addition, 19.3% of the vote and 42 seats went to independent candidates, the highest of any Indian general election.


1957 Indian general election, Voting
The first instance of booth capturing in India was recorded in 1957 in the General Elections of that year in Rachiyahi, in Begusarai's Matihani assembly seat.


1957 Indian general election in Madras
The 1957 Indian general election polls in Tamil Nadu were held for 34 seats in the state. The result was a victory for Indian National Congress winning 24 out of 34 seats. The major opposition for INC, the CPI, managed to only win 2 seats. This election also saw the entry of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam in their first national election, who ended up winning 2 seats. Due to the nonrecognition of state parties such as the DMK, they were grouped under independent parties, which won a total of 8 seats.


1957 Indian presidential election
The Election Commission of India held indirect 2nd presidential elections of India on 6 May 1957. Dr. Rajendra Prasad won his re-election with 459,698 votes over his rivals Chowdhry Hari Ram who got 2,672 votes and Nagendra Narayan Das who got 2,000 votes. Rajendra Prasad, has been the only person, to have won and served two terms, as President of India.


1957 Indian vice presidential election
The 1957 Indian vice presidential election was held on in 1957 to elect Vice-President of India. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was reelected unopposed. Should the election contested by more than one candidate, the poll would occurred on 11 May 1957.


1957 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1957 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1957 Big Ten Conference football season. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was led by Bob Hicks, in his only year as head coach of the Hoosiers.


1957 Indianapolis 500
The 41st International 500-Mile Sweepstakes was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Thursday, May 30, 1957. The event was part of the 1957 USAC National Championship Trail and it was race 3 of 8 in the 1957 World Championship of Drivers.


1957 Indianapolis 500
Sam Hanks won the Indianapolis 500 in his thirteenth attempt (the most such by any 500 winner). He retired from competition at Indy in victory lane. Contrary to popular belief, Hanks did not completely retire from racing until the end of the year. He skipped the Race of Two Worlds when his entrant withdrew, but competed in USAC Stock Car events later in the year, winning the event at Trenton, and finished third in points championships for 1957.


1957 Indianapolis 500
Hanks received a record $103,844 purse, the first driver to win a $100,000 single-race payday. The total race purse was also a record, over $300,000 for the first time.


1957 Indianapolis 500
Hanks won the race in George Salih's "Lay-down Offy". The Offenhauser engine was mounted on its side and shifted off-center. This was done in order to lower the center of gravity, reduce frontal area, and counterbalance the body roll in the turns. The car that Hanks drove for the win in 1957 would win back-to-back Indy 500s, with Jimmy Bryan piloting the very same chassis to victory again in 1958.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Track improvements
For 1957, the Speedway introduced a new state-of-the-art pit lane and brand new Master Control Tower to house broadcasting as well as timing and scoring. For the first time, the pit area was separated from the mainstretch by an inside wall. The pit lane was paved in concrete (the mainstretch remained brick), while a grass strip went the length of the pit road to accommodate pit crew sign board men. Flagging duties would be done from a station on the grass strip at the start/finish line, and eventually a small wooden platform would be constructed for the flagman to stand atop. USAC officials also stationed themselves on the new grass parapet.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Track improvements
For the 1957 race, the field lined up in the pit area single-file, rather than the traditional eleven rows of three on the racing surface. On the pace lap, the field assembled into position, and was aligned for the green flag. By 1957, the field was now being taken around for two warm-up laps (one "parade" lap, and one "pace" lap), an increase over the single lap used previously. This single-file grid practice would eventually lead to confusion, and was utilized for only two years.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials
Time trials was scheduled for four days, but the second day was rained out. Rain affected practice days as well.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials
Giuseppe Farina was the only European driver on the entry list for the race, however, he did not attempt to qualify. Farina had difficulty getting his car up to speed, and had experienced handling problems. On May 15, his teammate Keith Andrews stepped into his car for a test run, but crashed. Down the frontstretch, Andrews began to slide, and when he attempted to correct, the car backed into the inside wall separating the pit area. Andrews was crushed to death between the cowl and the fuel tank, but no fire broke out. Farina withdrew after Andrews was killed, with no backup car to use.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Saturday May 18 – Pole Day time trials
Pat O'Connor qualified for the pole position. Showers delayed qualifying for nearly four hours, and at other points during the afternoon. A total of only nine cars completed runs.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Saturday May 18 – Pole Day time trials
O'Connor's speed of 143.948 mph was not a track record. Troy Ruttman was on the track, and after a lap of over 144 mph, rain forced him to abort the attempt. He was able to get back out to the track, but had to settle for a speed of only 142.772 mph.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Saturday May 18 – Pole Day time trials
The first rookie to make the field was Elmer George, the husband of Mari Hulman George, and son-in-law of Speedway president Tony Hulman.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Saturday May 25 – Third day time trials
Paul Russo (144.817 mph) was the fastest driver of the day, in one of the Novi Specials. Russo was the fastest qualifier in the field, as his speed was faster than the pole position time from the previous weekend.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Sunday May 26 – Fourth day time trials
Rain and winds plagued the final day of time trials. Twenty three cars entered the day looking to fill the final 11 positions. A total of 43 attempts were made, with 9 cars bumped.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Practice and time trials, Sunday May 26 – Fourth day time trials
Tony Bettenhausen (142.439 mph) was the fastest driver of the day, driving one of the 500 hp Novi Specials. Bill Cheesbourg needed two cars to make the field. His first attempt was too slow. But late in the day, he got in Cliff Griffith's car, and at a speed of 141.565 mph, bumped Johnnie Parsons from the lineup.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Qualifying results, Failed to Qualify
R  = Indianapolis 500 rookie W  = Former Indianapolis 500 winner


1957 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, First half
On the backstretch during the pace lap, Elmer George hit the back of Eddie Russo's car, putting both cars out of the race before the start. Only 31 cars took the green flag.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, First half
Polesitter Pat O'Connor took the lead at the start and led the first four laps. Troy Ruttman led laps 5–6. O'Connor re-took the lead for laps 7–9, but Ruttman led laps 10–11, until blowing the engine. Paul Russo took the lead on lap 12, and in the first twelve laps there had already been four lead changes between three drivers.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Race summary, Second half
Sam Hanks took the lead for the final time on lap 135.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
The race was carried live on the IMS Radio Network. Sid Collins served as chief announcer. The broadcast was carried by 302 affiliates, including Latin America. It reached 46 states and DC. The broadcast came on-air at 10:45 a.m. local time, fifteen minutes prior to the start of the race. For the fifth years, the network featured announcers from the five major radio stations in Indianapolis (WISH, WIRE, WIBC, WFBM, and WISH). For 1957, the crew was expanded to eleven, with three new remote reporting locations. For the first time, there would be a reporter in each of the four turns, and a third pit reporter was added to help cover the recently lengthened pit lane. In addition, the booth announcers moved into the newly-constructed Master Control Tower along the frontstretch.


1957 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Turn 1: Bill FroschTurn 2: Bob RhodesBackstretch: Bernie HermanTurn 3: Robin BrightTurn 4: Jim Shelton


1957 Individual Long Track European Championship
The 1957 Individual Long Track European Championship was the first edition of the Long Track European Championship. The event was held on 15 September 1957 in Stockholm, Sweden.


1957 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1957 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 12th edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.


1957 Individual Speedway World Championship
The event was sponsored by the Sunday Dispatch and the attendance was 51,000. New Zealander Barry Briggs won the title after a ride off against defending champion Ove Fundin after the pair tied on 14 points after five rides each. In the ride off Fundin took the lead before Briggs forced his way to the front and with a lap to go Fundin lost control and crashed into the safety fence. Briggs duly won the £500 first prize with Fundin bruised but collecting £200. Peter Craven won the bronze and £100 after another ride off for third place.


1957 Individual Speedway World Championship, World final, Classification
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1957 Indonesian local elections
Local elections were held in parts of Indonesia in the second half of 1957 to elect provincial and regency and city councils. The Communist Party of Indonesia won a larger share of the vote than it had in the 1955 legislative election, the only major party to do so. The PKI's success, and the declining or stagnant support for other parties, caused concern that the PKI might dominate the planned 1959 national legislative elections, one reason these did not take place.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Background
In 1956, transitional regional assemblies were established, with composition corresponding to party vote share in the 1955 elections. The following year,  provided for three levels of local government – province, regency and village. The directly elected province and regency governments would elect a regional executive, the Regional Administrative Council (Indonesian: Dewan Pemerintah Daerah, DPD), which would have a composition in line with local parties’ vote shares. The DPD chairman would be a regional executive, and would have to be approved by the government in Jakarta. There would be Wide-ranging regional autonomy, which would mean and greatly increased influence for the political parties. Due to the ongoing regional rebellions, elections could only be held in Java, South Sumatra and Riau (and Kalimantan in 1958).


1957 Indonesian local elections, Campaign
Except for the PKI, the campaign was rather lacklustre campaign, partly because the main issue at time was the regional rebellions. As it was clear that regional elections would not solve this problem, they were seen as irrelevant. There were also restrictions on party activities because Indonesia was then under martial law, which had been declared in mid-March 1957. In East Java, for example, the military allowed only four days of campaigning. Rallies and demonstrations were monitored.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Campaign
In addition, the parties had spent significant amounts on the 1955 elections, and some had to rely on remaining funds. The PKI only party with plenty of funds. The parties focused on areas where they had done well in 1955, thus Masjumi concentrated their efforts in Jakarta, and West Java, the Nahdlatul Ulama on East Java and the Indonesian National Party (PNI) across Java. As the PKI had never served in cabinets, it escaped blame for government shortcomings.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Campaign
The party used a slogan urging people to vote PKI “to carry out the Konsepsi”, meaning President Sukarno's concept of an inclusive government reaching all decisions by consensus. The communists also attacked other parties for their corruption. The authorities arrested senor PNI, Masjumi and NU officials for corruption, but no PKI figures. The PKI campaigned on giving land to the poor, but other parties could not counter this as sometimes the land belonged to their leaders or financial backers. From May 6–11, Soviet head of state Voroshilov paid a state visit to Indonesia, and Soviet flags were widely displayed, which may have assisted the PKI's campaign.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Election results, Jakarta
The election in Jakarta was held 22 June, and was contested by 43 parties. There was a lower turnout than the 1955 elections, possibly because of rain and problems with voter cards. The turnout was approximately 70 percent, down from 75 percent in 1955. The PKI was the only party to increase its vote over the 1955 result, and it moved up from fourth to second position.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Election results, Central Java
The PNI had won more than a third of the vote in the 1955 elections, with the PKI on over 25 percent. There was considerable tension between parties. ahead of the elections, which were held on 17 July. The turnout was approximately 85 percent. The result was a shock for PNI leaders as the PKI gained votes from PNI, reversing the positions from the 1955 elections and coming first overall.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Election results, Yogyakarta
In Yogyakarta, elections were held on November 7. The PKI finished on top by a significant margin.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Election results, East Java
The PNI was not as popular in East Java as it was in Central Java, and had problems with internal party strife. In the election, held on 29 July, the PKI was the only party that increased its vote, and voters appeared to switch from the PNI to the PKI. However, the NU retained its leading position. The Surabaya branch of the PNI claimed there were irregularities and called for voting there to be repeated. The Home Affairs Minister (from the PNI) Sanusi agreed and ordered the vote to be held again. This took place on 25 February 1958.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Election results, West Java
In staunchly Islamic West Java, the Islamist Masjumi Party had come first in the 1955 election, and it retained this position in 1957. The PNI vote fell sharply, and again the PKI vote rose. The election was held on 10 August.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Election results, South Sumatra
By 1 December, when elections were held in South Sumatra, the PNI was in turmoil because of the results from Java. There was widespread anti-communist activity in the lead up to the vote: the military played a part in this. However, the PKI still obtained more votes than in 1955, possibly partly due to support from ethnic Javanese settlers.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Aftermath
The huge PKI vote prompted party leader D.N. Aidit to claim that this was an increase of 45 percent over the 1955 election vote. The PKI was then able to take control of regional councils in Java and ensure the appointment of several communists as mayors. The results made dissenters outside Java more suspicious of Java, and the fear of Javanese domination of the outer islands became conflated with concerns about communism. This made it more difficult to find a solution to the disputes.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Aftermath
It also strengthened the determination of Army leaders to destroy the PKI, and forced other parties to think seriously about why the PKI was gaining popularity, and they were not. It seemed likely that PKI support would continue to increase, and that of other parties fall further. As no PKI members sat in cabinet, the party could not be blamed for the government's failures and corruption. These parties believed they would be unable to rectify this before elections due in 1959, and therefore did not want these elections to go ahead.


1957 Indonesian local elections, Aftermath
Alarmed by the results, regional leaders held a national conference in September to harmonize relations between them and the central government. Delegates called for the restoration of the Sukarno-Hatta leadership, the establishment of a senate and the banning of the PKI. However none of these demands were met. In May 1958, the army used its emergency powers to cancel the 1959 elections, with the support of Sukarno, who was keen to move towards his system of guided democracy.


1957 International Cross Country Championships
The 1957 International Cross Country Championships was held in Waregem, Belgium, at the Hippodroom Waregem on 23 March 1957. In addition, an unofficial women's championship was held one week later at Musselburgh, Scotland on 30 March 1957. A report on the men's event as well as the women's event was given in the Glasgow Herald.


1957 International Cross Country Championships
Complete results for men, and for women (unofficial), medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1957 International Cross Country Championships, Participation, Men's
An unofficial count yields the participation of 89 male athletes from 10 countries.


1957 International Cross Country Championships, Participation, Women's
An unofficial count yields the participation of 12 female athletes from 2 countries.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties
An International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties was held in Moscow, Soviet Union, November 16–19, 1957. The meeting was attended by 64 political parties from all over the world. The meeting was the first of its kind, marking a new form of forum for the world communist movement following the disbanding of the Communist International and Cominform. Four additional parties (including the Communist Party, USA) attended clandestinely out of fear of repercussions at home.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Background
The 1957 meeting took place midst celebrations of the 40th anniversary (ruby jubilee) celebrations of the October Revolution, for which celebrations had taken place in Moscow on November 6-7, 1957. The traditional military parade of the Soviet Army's Moscow Military District forces, military academy cadets and representatives of the Navy and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, took place on Red Square in front of the participating leaders and a banquet was held in the Moscow Kremlin. Except for Tito the meeting was attended by the leaders of each of the 13 ruling communist parties around the world. The November 16–19 meeting was preceded by the Conference of Representatives of Communist and Workers' Parties of Socialist Countries, held November 14–16, 1957, at which 12 ruling communist parties signed a joint declaration.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Background
The 1957 meeting occurred in the aftermath of the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, at which Stalin had been denounced, and revolts in Hungary and Poland. The 1957 meeting sought to reaffirm communist unity, demarcating against the revisionism represented by the Yugoslav party and the hardliners resisting 'de-Stalinization'. The meeting backed Khrushchev's new line of different national paths towards socialism, peaceful co-existence and popular front tactics. As per the line given by the meeting, transition to people's democracy was possible through parliamentary elections, as long as the communist parties combined electoral work with mass struggles against reactionary forces. The meeting adopted a 'peace manifesto', outlining capitalist monopolies as the main threat to world peace.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Unity and division
Whilst the intended purpose of the meeting was to display unity of the world communist movement, the outcome was quite different. In the debates at the meeting Mao argued for a centralized world communist movement whilst the Italian communist leader Palmiro Togliatti argued for decentralization of the world communist movement and autonomy of individual parties. For Mao, the talk of "peaceful road to socialism" meant a negotiation of revolutionary politics and a capitulation to electoral politics.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Unity and division
The meeting had lasting impact on the world communist movement. With the Moscow meeting indicating an increased space for independent policy by national communist parties, the Workers Party of Korea organ Rodong Sinmun carried an editorial on the meeting which called for increasingly independent political self-reliance of the Workers Party of Korea. Following the 1957 meeting, the Romanian Workers Party took an increasingly independent political course.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Sino-Soviet split
The 1957 meeting marked a turning point in Sino-Soviet relations, for the first time the contradictions between the Soviet and Chinese parties came into the forefront (which would later result in the Sino-Soviet split).


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Sino-Soviet split
Whilst the meeting marked increasing divergence between the Soviet and Chinese communist parties, although the Communist Party of China signed both the declaration and peace manifesto after some hesitation. The Chinese communist leader addressed the meeting on November 18, 1957, at which he publicly affirmed support for Khrushchev's leadership in his struggle against the "Anti-Party Group". The speech, released in full by Chinese authorities only in 1985, marks the sole known statement of Mao siding with Khrushchev against the "Anti-Party Group".


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Sino-Soviet split
Moreover, Mao took advantage of the Moscow meeting to improve Sino-Korean relations, by holding bilateral talks with the Korean leader Kim Il-Sung and expressing remorse over Chinese interference in Korean affairs in 1956. In his speech at the meeting, Kim Il-Sung avoided touching on the Sino-Soviet contradictions.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Yugoslav question
On the other hand, the meeting was preceded by a few months of gradual normalization of relations between the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, and the Yugoslav party was invited to the event. The Yugoslavs rejected the invitation for the preceding meeting of Communist and Workers Parties from the Socialist Countries but attended the broader international meeting. However, the rapprochement backfired as the Yugoslav delegates rejected the political line of recognizing the leading role of the Soviet Union in the struggle for socialism, and the Yugoslavs refused to sign the documents of the meeting.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Yugoslav question
Just a few days before the event, when the Yugoslavs obtained the draft text for the declaration of the meeting, Tito cancelled his trip to Moscow altogether. The Chinese party had managed pushed the Soviets to adopt a tougher stand against Yugoslav revisionism, and at the Moscow meeting Mao was supported by Maurice Thorez and Mikhail Suslov on this point. The Albanian leader Enver Hoxha had published a statement on October 26, 1957 condemning the Yugoslav positions, causing dismay in the Yugoslav leadership.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Yugoslav question
Meanwhile, the Polish communist leader Władysław Gomułka had unsuccessfully lobbied to exclude the wording 'with the Soviet Union at the fore' from the declaration of the meeting. The Italian delegation had been supportive of the Polish position on this matter, whilst the Danish communist leader Aksel Larsen voiced pro-Yugoslav positions (for which he was subsequently expelled from his party).


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Yugoslav question
Officially Tito's absence at the October Revolution celebrations was explained by a sudden case of "lumbago". The fallout marked a setback for Khrushchev, who had hoped to be able to gather both Mao and Tito (representing opposite extremes of the increasingly divergent world communist movement) in a show of grand unity at the podium.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Latin American meeting
During the Moscow meeting, a separate meeting of Latin American communists was held. The meeting set up a special commission for Latin American affairs. The Popular Front line of the Chilean communists was based on input from this meeting.


1957 International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties, Delegations, Present only at the International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties
Following the departure of John Gates from the Communist Party USA, the CPUSA subsequently endorsed the declarations of the 1957 meeting.


1957 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1957 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1957 Big Ten Conference football season.


1957 Iowa State Cyclones baseball team
The 1957 Iowa State Cyclones baseball team represented Iowa State University in the 1957 NCAA University Division baseball season. The team was coached by Cap Timm in his 16th year as head coach at Iowa State.


1957 Iowa State Cyclones baseball team
The Cyclones won the District V playoff to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the California Golden Bears.


1957 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1957 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State College of Agricultural and Mechanic Arts (later renamed Iowa State University) in the Big Seven Conference during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. In their first and only year under head coach Jim Myers, the Cyclones compiled a 4–5–1 record (2–4 against conference opponents), tied for fifth place in the conference, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 160 to 142. They played their home games at Clyde Williams Field in Ames, Iowa.


1957 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The team's regular starting lineup on offense consisted of left end Brian Dennis, left tackle Andris Poncius, left guard Bob Bird, center Jack Falter, right guard Dave Munger, right tackle Don Metcalf, right end Jim Stuelke, quarterback Marv Walter, left halfback Dwight Nichols, right halfback Jim Lary, and fullback Bob Harden. John Falter and Marv Walter were the team captains.


1957 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The team's statistical leaders included Dwight Nichols with 668 rushing yards and 751 passing yards, Brian Dennis with 252 receiving yards, and Dwight Nichols and Terry Ingram with 24 points each. Dwight Nichols was selected as a first-team all-conference player.


1957 Ipswich by-election
The Member of Parliament for Ipswich in Suffolk, Richard Stokes, of the Labour Party died on 3 August 1957.


1957 Ipswich by-election
The by-election to fill his seat was held on 24 October.


1957 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1957 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during July and August with the final being held at Harold's Cross Stadium in Dublin on 9 August 1957.


1957 Irish Greyhound Derby
The winner Hopeful Cutlet won £500 and was trained by Jack Mullan and owned by Rostrevor veterinary surgeon Chris Farrelly.


1957 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
The ante-post favourite was Solar Prince who had arrived for the Derby after winning the Callanan Cup final where he beat Romola's Dante by six lengths. He duly won his first round heat in the fastest first round time of 29.47. However he was withdrawn before the second round and later that evening Noisy Sam set a new track record of 29.41. The other second round winners were Hopeful Cutlet, Bugatti and Red Riot. In the first semi-final The Grand Fire sealed an easy win at odds of 4-9 in 29.58, but bruised a leg in running. The second semi-final resulted in Hopeful Cutlet beating Tullaherin Twinkle but favourite Noisy Sam stumbled badly and failed to get through to the final.


1957 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
In the final Hopeful Cutlet vied with Tullaherin Twinkle before taking a decisive lead and winning by three lengths. The Grand Fire was slow away and found trouble before running on well for second place.


1957 Irish general election
The 1957 Irish general election was held on 5 March 1957, over four weeks after the dissolution of the Dáil on 4 February. It was the longest election campaign in the history of the state spanning 30 days. The newly elected members of the 16th Dáil assembled at Leinster House on 20 March when the new Taoiseach and government were appointed.


1957 Irish general election
The general election took place in 40 parliamentary constituencies throughout Ireland for 147 seats in the lower house of parliament, Dáil Éireann.


1957 Irish general election, Campaign
The general election of 1957 was precipitated by the crisis in the trade balance and the government's reaction to it. As a result of this Fianna Fáil tabled a motion of no confidence in the inter-party government of Fine Gael, Labour and Clann na Talmhan. Rather than face defeat in the vote the Taoiseach John A. Costello, decided to dissolve the Dáil and let the people decide. The campaign was fought largely over economic issues and the situation in the North. In the north the IRA launched Operation Harvest which drew much popular support in the south. Sinn Féin  had been re-built and re-organized as a party by Paddy McLogan and was fielding abstentionist candidates.


1957 Irish general election, Campaign
Fianna Fáil had produced a major policy document in January, criticising many of its own policies in regard to the economy. While they did not know an election was imminent this became the backbone of their manifesto. The importance of free trade was played up by Fianna Fáil in a clear rejection of the protectionist policies they had advocated in the past. The architect of many of these new policies was the spokesperson for Industry and Commerce and the heir-apparent of the party, Seán Lemass. At 75 years of age Éamon de Valera was fighting his last general election as leader of the party. In spite of his age he carried out a vigorous campaign, often being accompanied by brass bands and torch-lit processions. The Fianna Fáil message was simple: coalition governments were unstable.


1957 Irish general election, Campaign
The other parties, most of them having enjoyed a stint in government over the previous three years, fought the election on their record in office, Fine Gael in particular. Clann na Talmhan failed to broaden their appeal and remained the voice of the farmers. Clann na Poblachta under Sean MacBride had agreed not to stand in constituencies where Sinn Féin were fielding candidates and never made the breakthrough it had hoped for and lost two of its three seats. Sinn Féin, fighting one of its first post-war elections polled well on an abstentionist ticket, winning 4 seats


1957 Irish general election, Result
When the votes were counted it was clear that Fianna Fáil had achieved an overall majority. Éamon de Valera became Taoiseach for the last time.


1957 Isle of Man TT
The 1957 Isle of Man Tourist Trophy was the Golden Jubilee event and the second race in the 1957 Motorcycle World Championships.


1957 Isle of Man TT
The first event was the 350cc 1957 Junior TT race held on the Snaefell mountain course. The race was initially led by Bob McIntyre riding a Gilera motorcycle who beat the lap record for the Junior TT race from a standing start in 23 minutes and 14.2 seconds, an average speed of 97.42 mph and 42 seconds faster than the lap record set by Ray Amm in the 1954 Junior TT Race.


1957 Isle of Man TT
On lap 1, John Surtees riding for MV Agusta had to stop at the pits to change a spark plug, followed by Bob McIntrye who had to change a plug on the end of lap 2. The delay to McIntyre handed the lead to Dickie Dale riding a Moto Guzzi Grand Prix single-cylinder and led John Hartle riding a Norton in 2nd place by 22.2 seconds and Bob McIntyre in 3rd place by 24.6 seconds.


1957 Isle of Man TT
A delay in the pits on lap 3 for Dickie Dale of 3 minutes and 38 seconds to replace a smashed windscreen allowed Bob McIntyre to regain the lead. An engine failure on lap 4 at Quarry Bends to the Norton of Jackie Wood, caused Dale and Hartle to crash on engine oil left on the road. This allowed Bob McIntyre to comfortably win the 1957 Junior TT Race at an average speed of 94.99 mph.


1957 Isle of Man TT
The 1957 Lightweight TT Race held on the Clypse Course was over 10 laps and 107.90 miles and was dominated by Cecil Sandford riding for the F.B.Mondial marque and team-mate Sammy Miller. By lap 2, Sandford led Miller by 2 seconds and Tarquinio Provini, also riding for Mondial, in a distant 3rd place. By lap 7, Miller had caught up and on lap 9 passed Sandford between the Creg-ny-Baa and Ballacoar Corner for the lead.


1957 Isle of Man TT
At Governor's Bridge on the last lap, Miller slipped off his Mondial, allowing Sandford to win the 1957 Lightweight TT Race at an average race speed of 75.80 mph from the MV Agusta pair of Luigi Taveri and Roberto Colombo. An exhausted Miller is forced to push-in his Mondial to finish in 5th place.


1957 Isle of Man TT
Despite a rain shower between races, the 1957 Ultra-Lightweight TT on the Clypse Course was a more closely contested race. At Parkfield Corner on lap 1, Luigi Taveri riding for MV Agusta led the Mondial of Sammy Miller, while Tarquinio Provini riding for Mondial and Carlo Ubbiali on a MV Agusta were in the mid-field chasing pack.


1957 Isle of Man TT
At the Creg-ny-Baa on the first lap, Ubbiali caught up to the leaders to take 3rd place with Tarquinio Provini in 4th place, until Provini passed Ubbiali for 3rd place on the Whitebridge Hill on the end of the 1st lap of the Clypse Course.


1957 Isle of Man TT
By the end of lap 2, Provini passed both Taveri and Miller for the lead and by the end of the 3rd lap had a 13-second lead and set the fastest lap of the race of 8 minutes and 41.8 seconds an average speed of 74.44 mph and won the 1957 Lightweight TT Race at an average race speed of 73.69 mph. On lap 8 at Hall Corner, Luigi Taveri slipped off his MV Agusta, but continued on and was passed by Ubbiali at Parkfield Corner on lap 9. The last lap is contested by Taveri in a "slipstream dog-fight" for 3rd place which is won by Lugi Taveri by less than 1 second from Miller and Sandford.


1957 Isle of Man TT
The 10 lap 1957 Sidecar Race also held on the Clypse Course was led from start to finish by the BMW outfit of Fritz Hillebrand and Manfred Grünwald. In 2nd place was Walter Schneider/H.Strauss, also with a BMW sidecar. The Norton outfit of Cyril Smith and E.J.Bliss passed the other works BMW outfit of Florian Camathias/J.Galliker on lap 4. At the Manx Arms on the last lap, the Norton of Smith and Bliss suffers big-end failure allowing Camathias and Galliker to retake 3rd place and give BMW a 1-2-3 victory in the 1957 Sidecar TT Race.


1957 Isle of Man TT
There was high expectations for the Blue Riband race of the Golden Jubilee TT with the 8 lap (301.86 miles) 1957 Senior TT Race. As Geoff Duke had been injured at Imola at an Easter race meeting the works ride in the factory Gilera team had passed to Bob McIntyre. During the 1955 Isle of Man TT, Duke was credited with the first lap of the Snaefell mountain course at an average speed of 100 mph. This was later revised by the official time-keepers at the TT Grandstand to 99.97 mph.


1957 Isle of Man TT
The 1957 Senior TT race was led by Bob McIntyre riding for Gilera and he beat the overall lap-record from a standing start in 22 minutes and 38.4 seconds at an average speed of 99.99 mph and was 0.6 seconds faster than the lap record set by Geoff Duke in the 1955 Senior TT Race. The main rival for winning the Senior TT race is John Surtees riding for MV Agusta who posts a time of 23 minutes and 17.4 seconds an average speed of 97.20 mph on the first lap.


1957 Isle of Man TT
On the flying second lap, Bob McIntyre laps the Mountain Course in 22 minutes and 24.4 seconds an average speed of 101.03 mph, breaking the overall lap record and the first 100 mph lap. The feat is again repeated on the 3rd lap at an average speed of 100.54 mph and the 4th and 6th lap at an average speed of 101.12 and 100.35 mph respectively. By lap 4, Bob McIntyre led the 1957 Senior TT Race from John Surtees by 2 min and 10.2 seconds and is only 9.8 seconds behind Surtees on the road.


1957 Isle of Man TT
By the end of lap 4, Bob McIntyre passed John Surtees on the road. However, Surtees repassed Bob McIntyre on the road on the Mountain Section as the Gilera team gave McIntyre signals to the slow the pace. The 1957 Senior TT Race was eventually won by Bob McIntyre in 3 hours, 2 minutes and 57.2 seconds at an average speed of 98.99 mph. The record breaking Senior TT Race and the Golden Jubilee celebrations were marred by the death of Charlie Salt who crashed a BSA motorcycle at Ballagarraghyn Corner and was killed during the later stages of the 1957 Senior TT Race.


1957 Isle of Man TT, Race results, 1957 Isle of Man Junior TT 350cc final standings
3 June 1957  –  7 Laps (264.11 Miles) Mountain Course.


1957 Isle of Man TT, Race results, 1957 Isle of Man Lightweight TT 250cc final standings
5 June 1957 – 10 Laps (107.90 miles) Clypse Course.


1957 Isle of Man TT, Race results, 1957 Isle of Man Lightweight TT 125cc final standings
5 June 1957 – 10 Laps (107.90 miles) Clypse Course.


1957 Isle of Man TT, Race results, 1957 Sidecar TT final standings
5 June 1957 – 10 Laps (107.90 miles) Clypse Course.


1957 Isle of Man TT, Race results, 1957 Isle of Man Senior TT 500cc final standings
Friday 7 June 1957  –  8 Laps (301.84 Miles) Mountain Course.


1957 Israel Super Cup
The 1957 Israel Super Cup was the first edition of the Israel Super Cup, an annual Israeli football match played between the winners of the previous season's Top Division and Israel State Cup. As the match was not set by the Israel Football Association, it was considered an unofficial cup, with the cup being donated by the family of Lt-Col Zivi Tzafriri, who died in battle during the Sinai War


1957 Israel Super Cup
In the match, held on 23 November 1957, league champions Hapoel Tel Aviv had beaten Hapoel Petah Tikva 3–0.


1957 Israeli presidential election
An election for President of Israel was held in the Knesset on 28 October 1957 following the end of Yitzhak Ben-Zvi's five-year term in office. Ben-Zvi stood again, and it was suggested that Yosef Yoel Rivlin (father of future president Reuven Rivlin) would run against him as a representative of Herut. However, in the end Rivlin did not participate in the election.


1957 Israeli presidential election
Although Ben-Zvi was the only candidate, a vote was still held. He was re-elected with 76 of the 94 ballots cast; the other 18 votes were blank ballots. 26 Knesset members did not vote.


1957 Israeli presidential election
Ben-Zvi's second term began on the day of the election.


1957 Italian Grand Prix
The 1957 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 8 September 1957 at Monza. It was the eighth and final race in the 1957 World Championship of Drivers.


1957 Ivorian Territorial Assembly election
Territorial Assembly elections were held in French Ivory Coast on 31 March 1957. The result was a victory for the Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally (PCDI–RDA), which won 58 of the 60 seats. The other two seats were won by PCDI–RDA dissidents.


1957 Ivy League football season
The 1957 Ivy League football season was the second season of college football play for the Ivy League and was part of the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. The season began on September 28, 1957, and ended on November 28, 1957. Ivy League teams were 7–6 against non-conference opponents and Princeton won the conference championship.


1957 Ivy League football season, 1958 NFL Draft
One Ivy League player was drafted in the 1958 NFL draft, held in December 1957 and January 1958: Gil Robertshaw.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election
The first  elections for the Legislative Assembly of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir under its own Constitution were held in March–June 1957. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was appointed Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Background
The Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir, elected in 1951, which also functioned as the State's legislative assembly during its term of 6 years, dissolved itself in January 1957 having passed the State's Constitution.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Background
Before that, in 1953, Sheikh Abdullah was dismissed as the Prime Minister by the Sadar-i-Riyasat Karan Singh because he had lost the majority in the Cabinet. The former deputy prime minister Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was appointed in his place. Sheikh Abdullah, along with Mirza Afzal Beg and thirty-three other loyalists, was imprisoned by the incoming government.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Background
After Mirza Afzal Beg was released in November 1954, he, along with G. M. Hamdani, formed the All Jammu and Kashmir Plebiscite Front, demanding self-determination for Kashmiris through a plebiscite organized under United Nations supervision. The Plebiscite Front counted seven sitting legislators among its members. Other parties joined them in support: the Kashmir Political Conference, the Kashmir Democratic Union and the Praja Socialist Party.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Background
In 1955, the left-wing faction of the ruling Jammu & Kashmir National Conference, led by G. M. Sadiq, fell out with the leadership and resigned from the party's Working Committee. Sadiq had a volley of complaints against the party leadership, ranging from manhandling by the party's gangs, corruption, to authoritarian and unprincipled leadership. He also complained about the nomination procedures for the upcoming Legislative Assembly election.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, The election
The election was conducted by the State's Franchise Commission. Voting was scheduled in the Jammu Division on 25 March and in the Kashmir Valley on 30 March. Because of snow-bound conditions, the voting for 7 other seats was held in May. The final results were announced on 3 June.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, The election
Of the 75 seats of the Legislative Assembly, 43 seats were allocated to the Kashmir Valley, 30 to Jammu, and 2 to Ladakh. The election irregularities first witnessed in the Constituent Assembly elections in 1951 continued. Scholar Sumantra Bose states that the franchise official in charge of deciding the validity of nomination papers was a henchman of Prime Minister Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad. In the Valley, 30 seats were unopposed, resulting in wins for the National Conference; 10 more seats were declared elected after the rejection of the nomination papers of the opposing candidates. Three of these candidates were rejected on the grounds of being under the qualifying age, six due to improper nomination papers, and one on the grounds of being a government contractor. On the whole, the National Conference acquired a majority in the Assembly even before the voting began.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, The election
Of the 28 remaining seats that witnessed voting on March, 20 were in Jammu and 8 in the Kashmir Valley. The Jammu Praja Parishad put forward 17 candidates, the Praja Socialist Party 8 candidates, and the Harijan Mandal 6 candidates. The Plebiscite Front and the Kashmir Political Conference boycotted the election.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Results
In the Jammu Division, the National Conference won 13 of the 20 seats, the Praja Parishad won 6 seats, and the Harijan Mandal won 1 seat. The voting was heavy, with over 70 percent of voters casting their votes. One of the Praja Parishad electees later joined the National Conference, reducing its strength in the Assembly to 5.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Results
In the Kashmir Valley, the National Conference won 7 of the 8 contested seats, and one seat was won by a dissident of the National Conference contesting as an independent.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Results
Scholar Jyoti Bhusan Das Gupta attributes the victory of the National Conference in the Jammu Division to the conciliatory gestures of the Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad, which were in marked contrast to Sheikh Abdullah's hard-line attitude. James Roach points out that Bakshi's National Conference firmly stood for the State's accession to India. It also capitalized on the economic and social advances that the party had implemented.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Government formation
Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was reappointed as the Prime Minister in July 1957. Shamlal Saraf was reappointed as a Cabinet Minister along with five new appointees: Din Nath Mahajan, Mir Ghulam Mohammed Rajpuri, Kotwal Chuni Lal, and Khwaja Shamsuddin were new appointees.


1957 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Government formation
The members of the leftist faction of the National Conference: G. M. Sadiq, Girdhari Lal Dogra, Mir Qasim and D. P. Dhar was excluded from the Cabinet. It has been reported, however, that Sadiq and Dogra were offered Cabinet posts, but they declined.


1957 Japan Series
The 1957 Japan Series was the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) championship series for the 1957 season. It was the eighth Japan Series and featured the Pacific League champions, the Nishitetsu Lions, against the Central League champions, the Yomiuri Giants.


1957 Japan Series, Matchups, Game 1
Saturday, October 26, 1957 – 1:02 pm at Heiwadai Stadium in Fukuoka


1957 Japan Series, Matchups, Game 2
Sunday, October 27, 1957 – 1:02 pm at Heiwadai Stadium in Fukuoka


1957 Japan Series, Matchups, Game 3
Wednesday, October 30, 1957 – 1:33 pm at Korakuen Stadium in Bunkyō, Tokyo


1957 Japan Series, Matchups, Game 4
Thursday, October 31, 1957 – 1:36 pm at Korakuen Stadium in Bunkyō, Tokyo


1957 Japan Series, Matchups, Game 5
Friday, November 1, 1957 – 1:32 pm at Korakuen Stadium in Bunkyō, Tokyo


1957 Kahibah state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Kahibah on 13 April 1957 because of the death of Tom Armstrong (Independent Labor).


1957 Kansas City Athletics season
The 1957 Kansas City Athletics season, the third for the team in Kansas City and the 57th in MLB, involved the A's finishing seventh in the American League with a record of 59 wins and 94 losses, 38½ games behind the American League Champion New York Yankees. The club drew 901,067 spectators, sixth in the league.


1957 Kansas City Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1957 Kansas City Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1957 Kansas City Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games played; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 Kansas City Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games played; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 Kansas City Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1957 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The 1957 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Big Seven Conference during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. In their fourth and final season under head coach Chuck Mather, the Jayhawks compiled a 5–4–1 record (4–2 against conference opponents), finished second in the Big Seven Conference, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 230 to 115. They played two ranked teams, losing to No. 2 Oklahoma by a 47–0 score and to No. 9 Oregon State by a 34–6 score. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas.


1957 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The team's statistical leaders included Homer Floyd with 505 rushing yards and 189 receiving yards and Wally Strauch with 320 passing yards. Lynn McCarthy, Wally Strauch, and Bob Kraus were the team captains.


1957 Kansas State Wildcats football team
The 1957 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. The team's head football coach was Bus Mertes. The Wildcats played their home games in Memorial Stadium. 1957 saw the Wildcats finish with a record of 3–6–1, and a 2–4 record in Big Seven Conference play. The Wildcats scored only 124 points while giving up 166. The finished tied for fifth in the Big Seven.


1957 Kategoria e Dytë
The 1957 Kategoria e Dytë was the 12th season of a second-tier association football league in Albania. The season started in March and ended in August. It's up to Puna Shkodër to win the 1957 championship and thus ensure promotion to the First  Division, overcoming the competition of Puna Berat to which even the play-off in three matches with Puna Kavajë, penultimate in the major series, will not be in favor. Due to the dissolution of Spartaku Tiranë, relegated from the first division, at the end of the 1957 season, the Puna Peshkopi, last classified, manages not to return immediately to the regional divisions.


1957 Kategoria e Dytë, Promotion playoffs
The second team of Kategoria e Dytë played in three matches promotion playoffs with the 7th of the National Championship (all in Tirana).


1957 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
The 1957 Kent State Golden Flashes football team was an American football team that represented Kent State University  in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. In their 12th season under head coach Trevor J. Rees, the Golden Flashes compiled a 3–6 record (1–5 against MAC opponents), finished in seventh place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 138 to 114.


1957 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
The team's statistical leaders included Ron Fowler with 508 rushing yards, Ken Horton with 304 passing yards, and Dick Mihalus with 100 receiving yards.


1957 Kentucky Derby
The 1957 Kentucky Derby was the 83rd running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 4, 1957.


1957 Kentucky Derby
Of note, future U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee John H. Adams finished eighth and his son John R. Adams finished ninth.


1957 Kentucky Derby
The race was unique in that it featured 3 future members of the Hall of Fame: Gallant Man, Round Table, and Bold Ruler. However, none of them won the race. It is considered by many to be the greatest Derby field of all time.


1957 Kentucky Derby
One of the most infamous moments in Derby history also occurred during the 1957 stretch run. Bill Shoemaker, aboard Gallant Man, misjudged the finish, mistaking the 16th pole for the wire. He stood in his saddle for just a second, but it was enough to ruin Gallant Man's momentum and allow Iron Liege to rally up the inside and beat Gallant Man by a nose.


1957 Kentucky Derby
Gallant Man would go on to win the Belmont Stakes a few weeks later. Fourth place finisher Bold Ruler won the Preakness Stakes and was the sire of the great Secretariat.


1957 Kentucky Wildcats football team
The 1957 Kentucky Wildcats football team were an American football team that represented the University of Kentucky as a member of the Southeastern Conference during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. In their fourth season under head coach Blanton Collier, the team compiled a 3–7 record (1–7 in the SEC).


1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
The Kerala Legislative Assembly election of 1957 was the first assembly election in the Indian state of Kerala. The Communist Party of India won the election with 60 seats. The election led to the formation of first democratically elected communist government in India.


1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, State Reorganization
On 1 November 1956, under the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Kerala was formed by the merger of Travancore-Cochin state with the Malabar district (including Fort Cochin and the Laccadive Islands) of Madras State, Kasaragod taluk of the South Canara district and the Amindive Islands. The southern part of Travancore-Cochin, the five taluks of Agastheeswaram, Thovala, Kalkulam, Vilavahcode, and Shencotta, were transferred from Travancore-Cochin to the Madras State. After the reorganization, the assembly constituencies increased from 106 with 117 seats in 1954 to 114 with 126 seats in 1957.


1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, Background
Following the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the Malabar District of Madras state merged with Travancore-Cochin to form the new state of Kerala on 1 November 1956. The merger helped the Communist Party of India to increase their base in the region. The ruling Indian National Congress lost the prominence due to the factionalism within the party. Furthermore, communalism and struggles against feudalism played a major role.


1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, Election
The Election Commission of India conducted elections to the newly created state between 28 February – 11 March 1957. The elections were held to the 126 seats (114 constituencies) including 12 two member constituencies of which 11 and one reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes respectively, in which 406 candidates were contested. The voter turnout was 65.49%.


1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, Results
In the election, five women candidates were elected out of nine candidates.


1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, Government formation
Communist Party of India formed the government with the support of five independents. On 5 April 1957, E. M. S. Namboodiripad became the chief minister of Kerala and first non–Congress chief minister of the country (PSP ruled Travencore Cochin state before). But the government was dismissed in 1959 by the central government following the Liberation Struggle.


1957 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1957 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 63rd staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.


1957 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
On 1 December 1957, John Locke's won the championship after a 4-04 to 0-05 defeat of Slieverue in the final. It remains their only championship triumph.


1957 LFF Lyga
The 1957 LFF Lyga was the 36th season of the LFF Lyga football competition in Lithuania. It was contested by 14 teams, and Elnias Šiauliai won the championship.


1957 LPGA Championship
The 1957 LPGA Championship was the third LPGA Championship, held June 6–10 at Churchill Valley Country Club in Blackridge, Pennsylvania, a suburb east of Pittsburgh. It concluded on Monday, after rain washed out play on Saturday.


1957 LPGA Championship
Louise Suggs, president of the LPGA, shot a final round 68 (−2) to win her only LPGA Championship, three strokes ahead of runner-up Wiffi Smith. Defending champion Marlene Hagge and 1955 winner Beverly Hanson finished two strokes behind Smith, in a tie for third. Smith, age 20, led after each of the first three rounds, but carded a 74 (+4) in the final round on Monday. She won eight events on the LPGA Tour in her career, but no majors. It was the tenth of eleven major titles for Suggs.


1957 LPGA Championship
The field consisted of 26 professionals; a concurrent event for amateurs was also held. The championship returned to Churchill Valley the next year in 1958 and the course hosted its third major the following year, the U.S. Women's Open in 1959. The club closed in 2013.


1957 LPGA Tour
The 1957 LPGA Tour was the eighth season since the LPGA Tour officially began in 1950. The season ran from January 11 to October 21. The season consisted of 25 official money events. Patty Berg and Betsy Rawls won the most tournaments, five each. Berg led the money list with earnings of $16,272.


1957 LPGA Tour
There was only one first-time winner in 1957, Wiffi Smith.


1957 LPGA Tour, Tournament results
The following table shows all the official money events for the 1957 season. "Date" is the ending date of the tournament. The numbers in parentheses after the winners' names are the number of wins they had on the tour up to and including that event. Majors are shown in bold.


1957 LSU Tigers football team
The 1957 LSU Tigers football team represented Louisiana State University during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. Under head coach Paul Dietzel, the Tigers had a record of 5–5 with an SEC record of 4–4. It was Dietzel's third season as head coach at LSU.


1957 La Flèche Wallonne
The 1957 La Flèche Wallonne was the 21st edition of La Flèche Wallonne cycle race and was held on 4 May 1957. The race started in Charleroi and finished in Liège. The race was won by Raymond Impanis.


1957 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election
Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet (more formally, its "Parliamentary Committee") occurred in November 1957. In addition to the 12 members elected, the Leader (Hugh Gaitskell), Deputy Leader (Jim Griffiths), Labour Chief Whip (Herbert Bowden), Labour Leader in the House of Lords (A. V. Alexander) were automatically members.


1957 Lady Wigram Trophy
The 1957 Lady Wigram Trophy was a motor race held at the Wigram Airfield Circuit on 25 January 1957. It was the sixth Lady Wigram Trophy to be held and was won by Peter Whitehead in the Ferrari 555/860 for the third time in succession.


1957 Lafayette Leopards football team
The 1957 Lafayette Leopards football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College during the 1957 NCAA University Division football season. Lafayette finished last in the Middle Three Conference.


1957 Lafayette Leopards football team
In their sixth and final year under head coach Steve Hokuf, the Leopards compiled a 4–4 record, but lost both games to their conference opponents. William Harrick and Joseph Bozik were the team captains.


1957 Lafayette Leopards football team
Like many college campuses, Lafayette was hit hard by an outbreak of Asian flu in October. The Leopards won their Oct. 5 game against Buffalo despite having nine players, including seven starters, confined to bed. The list of influenza patients grew to greater than 20 over the following week, prompting the college to cancel a scheduled Oct. 12 matchup with Delaware.


1957 Lafayette Leopards football team
Lafayette played its home games at Fisher Field on College Hill in Easton, Pennsylvania.


1957 Lamar Tech Cardinals football team
The 1957 Lamar Tech Cardinals football team competed at the NCAA College Division level as a member of the Lone Star Conference. The Cardinals finished the season as Lone Star Conference champions with an 8–0–2 record overall and a 5–0–2 conference record.


1957 Latvian SSR Higher League, Overview
It was contested by 10 teams, and Sarkanais Metalurgs won the championship.


1957 Le Mans Six Hour Production Car Race (Caversham)
The 1957 Le Mans Six Hour Production Car Race was an endurance motor race staged at the Caversham Circuit in Western Australia on 3 June 1957. The event, which included classes for "Sports cars" and "Closed cars", was the third annual "Six Hour Le Mans" race to be staged at Caversham. The race was won by Sydney Anderson and Sid Taylor driving an Austin-Healey 100-4, the win being the third consecutive "Six Hour Le Mans" victory by the pair.


1957 Le Mans Six Hour Production Car Race (Caversham), Results
The total number of starters in the race is unknown.


1957 Le Mans Six Hour Production Car Race (Caversham), Results
The winning car covered 350 miles (564 km) at an average speed of 64 mph (103 km/h).


1957 Lebanese general election
General elections were held in Lebanon between 9 and 23 June 1957. Independent candidates won the majority of seats. Voter turnout was 53.2%.


1957 Leeds City Council election
The Leeds municipal elections were held 9 May 1957, with one third of the council up for election, alongside extra vacancies in the City, Halton and Woodhouse wards.


1957 Leeds City Council election
Much like the national picture, with Labour winning record representation on borough councils, Labour outstripped their prior efforts, defending all of their 1954 gains as well as gaining in Beeston and Harehills – two wards they failed to win in their peak of 1952, despite accruing only a modest swing of 1.2% swing (although they had come within a vote to taking the former the previous year). Unlike 1952 or the year before, Labour failed to gain Wortley this time, as the Liberal damage to the Conservative vote was unwound. The two gains increased Labour's majority to 28, mirroring the Conservatives' after their triumphant 1951 election. Turnout rose to 36.2% following last year's plummet to the low thirties.


1957 Leeds City Council election, Election result
The result had the following consequences for the total number of seats on the council after the elections:


1957 Lehigh Engineers football team
The 1957 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. Lehigh won the Middle Three Conference championship and the inaugural small-college Lambert Cup.


1957 Lehigh Engineers football team
In their 12th year under head coach William Leckonby, the Engineers compiled an 8–1 record, defeating both of their conference opponents. Dan Nolan and Pete Williamswere the team captains.


1957 Lehigh Engineers football team
In December, the Engineers were the first-ever recipients of the Lambert Cup, an award for the season's best small-college football team in the East. Lehigh was honored alongside Navy, which won the large-college Lambert Trophy; both were lauded as proof that a university could field a competitive football team without compromising its academic standards.


1957 Lehigh Engineers football team
Lehigh played its home games at Taylor Stadium on the university campus in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.


1957 Leicester South East by-election
The 1957 Leicester South East by-election was held on 28 November 1957. It was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, Charles Waterhouse. The by-election was won by the Conservative candidate John Peel whose only opponent was the future Speaker, Betty Boothroyd standing for the first time for Labour.


1957 Lewisham North by-election
The Lewisham North by-election of 14 February 1957 was held following the death of Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Sir Austin Hudson, 1st Baronet the previous year. In a defeat for the Conservative government, the seat was gained by the Labour Party.


1957 Lewisham North by-election, Candidates
The Conservative Party chose Norman Farmer as their candidate for the seat, which had been held by the party since its creation in 1950.


1957 Lewisham North by-election, Candidates
The Labour Party candidate was Niall MacDermot, the son of an Irish barrister. Himself a successful lawyer, he had only joined the party the previous year after fearing that his involvement in an earlier manslaughter case would preclude any political ambitions. MacDermot's mentor within the party, Elwyn Jones, persuaded him to run for election.


1957 Lewisham North by-election, Candidates
Leslie Greene ran as an "independent loyalist" candidate. Although an independent she was actively supported by the right-wing pressure group the League of Empire Loyalists. Greene, the group's organising secretary, had gained notoriety the previous year when she interrupted a speech by Anthony Eden, typical of the sort of headline-grabbing stunt favoured by the group at the time.


1957 Liechtenstein general election
General elections were held in Liechtenstein on 1 September 1957. The Progressive Citizens' Party won eight of the 15 seats in the Landtag, but remained in coalition with the Patriotic Union.


1957 Liga Española de Baloncesto
The 1957 Liga Española de Baloncesto season was the first season of the Liga Española de Baloncesto. The season ended with Real Madrid winning their first championship.


1957 Liga Española de Baloncesto, Teams
The league was composed by 6 teams and played with a double round-robin format. The league was played in 50 days (March 31–May 19) at only two venues: Fiesta Alegre in Madrid and Palacio de los Deportes in Barcelona.


1957 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1957 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 63rd staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.


1957 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
Cappamore were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by St. Patrick's.


1957 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
On 29 September 1957, Claughaun won the championship after a 7-07 to 3-02 defeat of St. Patrick's in the final. It was their sixth championship title overall and their first championship title since 1926.


1957 Little League World Series
The 1957 Little League World Series took place during August 21 through 23 in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. Industrial Little League of Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico, defeated Northern La Mesa Little League of La Mesa, California, in the championship game of the 11th Little League World Series. Ángel Macías threw the first and, to date, only perfect game in an LLWS championship.


1957 Little League World Series
This was the first LLWS to invite teams from qualifying regions: North, South, East, and West. Monterrey, representing the South region, became the first team from outside the United States or Canada to participate in a LLWS, and the first non-U.S. team to win a championship.


1957 Little League World Series, Industrial Little League of Monterrey
In early July 1957, the team from Monterrey crossed the U.S. border to compete in an area tournament in McAllen, Texas. The team were issued three-day passes by the U.S. consul office in Monterrey; the plan was to play for one day and sightsee for two more. Two months later, the team returned to Monterrey. Their money had run out after three days, and phone calls to Washington were needed to allow the team to extend their stay in the U.S. until they were eliminated. They never were.


1957 Little League World Series, Industrial Little League of Monterrey
Led by ambidextrous pitcher Ángel Macías, the legendary Monterrey team won six tournaments, including the South Region tournament and the Little League World Series. The team was called Los pequeños gigantes ("The little giants"). Two movies are based on their story: a Mexican production, Los Pequeños Gigantes (1960), and The Perfect Game (2009). Episode 296 of the Futility Closet podcast covers the team and their Little League World Series championship.


1957 Little League World Series, Championship bracket
California's first game was played a day later than planned, due to illness within the team, resulting in the third-place game also being delayed a day.


1957 Liverpool City Council election
Elections to Liverpool City Council were held on Thursday 9 May 1957.


1957 Liverpool City Council election, Ward results
The Councillors seeking re-election at this election were elected in 1954 for a three-year term, therefore comparisons are made with the 1954 election results.


1957 Liverpool Garston by-election
The Liverpool Garston by-election of 5 December 1957 was held after the resignation of Conservative Party MP Sir Victor Raikes.


1957 Liverpool Garston by-election
The seat was safe for the Conservatives, having been won at the 1955 United Kingdom general election by nearly 12,000 votes.


1957 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 1957 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 43rd edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 5 May 1957. The race started and finished in Liège. The race was won by two riders, Frans Schoubben and Germain Derycke.


1957 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
Germain Derycke was first over the line, but because he crossed a closed rail crossing, the second-place rider, Frans Schoubben, was promoted to first as well. Derijcke was not disqualified, because he had won by three minutes advantage; judges felt he had not gained that much time from illegally crossing the railway.


1957 Long Beach State 49ers football team
The 1957 Long Beach State 49ers football team represented Long Beach State College during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. The 49ers were in their third year of existence. 1957 was the first year the 49ers played in the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). They had played as an independent since they started in 1955.


1957 Long Beach State 49ers football team
The team was led by head coach Mike DeLotto, in his third year, and played home games at Veterans Stadium adjacent to the campus of Long Beach City College in Long Beach, California. They finished the season with a record of three wins and five losses (3–5, 0–3 CCAA).


1957 Long Beach State 49ers football team, Team players in the NFL
No Long Beach State 49ers were selected in the 1958 NFL Draft.


1957 Los Angeles Rams season
The 1957 Los Angeles Rams season was the team's 20th year with the National Football League and the 12th season in Los Angeles.


1957 Los Angeles Rams season, Season highlights
The Los Angeles Rams set an all-time National Football League attendance record in 1957, playing before a total of 1,051,106 fans in a total of 19 home and away games, including pre-season contests. This attendance total exceeded any previous cumulative total for an American football team at any level of competition, including the college and professional levels. Topping the one game record, the team drew an astounding 102,368 fans to the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum to see a November 10 contest between the Rams and their in-state rivals, the San Francisco 49ers.


1957 Los Angeles Rams season, Season highlights
The 1957 season would be the last in a Rams uniform for quarterback and punter Norm Van Brocklin, the team's starting signal caller since 1950. Van Brocklin passed for 20 touchdowns on the year, gaining 2,105 yards in the air, but gave up 21 costly interceptions, contributing to the team's 4th-place finish in the Western Conference. The team also parted ways at the end of the 1957 season with top receiver Elroy Hirsch, a veteran of 9 NFL seasons.


1957 Los Angeles Rams season, Season highlights
Defensively, the Rams limited their opponents to nearly 300 fewer yards on the ground and 75 yards via the pass than the totals put up by themselves. The pass defense was headed by linebacker Les Richter, who led the team with 4 interceptions.


1957 Los Angeles Rams season, Schedule, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1957 Los Angeles State Diablos football team
The 1957 Los Angeles State Diablos football team represented Los Angeles State during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season.


1957 Los Angeles State Diablos football team
Los Angeles State competed in the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). The team was led by seventh-year head coach Leonard (Bud) Adams, who had been the leader of the team since the school started playing intercollegiate football in 1951. The Diablos played four home games at four separate sites. They finished the season with a record of five wins and four losses (5–4, 1–1 CCAA).


1957 Los Angeles State Diablos football team, Team players in the NFL
The following Los Angeles State players were selected in the 1958 NFL Draft.


1957 Los Angeles mayoral election
The 1957 election for Mayor of Los Angeles took place on April 2, 1957. Incumbent Norris Poulson was re-elected.


1957 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team
The 1957 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented the Louisiana Polytechnic Institute (now known as Louisiana Tech University) as a member of the Gulf States Conference during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. In their seventeenth year under head coach Joe Aillet, the team compiled a 6–4 record and finished as Gulf States Conference champion.


1957 Louisville Cardinals football team
The 1957 Louisville Cardinals football team was an American football team that represented the University of Louisville as an independent during the 1957 NCAA College Division football season. In its 12th season under head coach Frank Camp, the team compiled a 9–1 record and defeated Drake in the Sun Bowl. The team played its home games at Fairgrounds Stadium in Louisville, Kentucky.


1957 Louisville Cardinals football team
Leonard "Bones" Lyles led the nation in scoring. He also set Louisville records for points in a season and in a career, yards gained in a season, and most rushing yards in a career.


1957 Maccabiah Games
Twenty countries sent 980 athletes to compete in the 1957 5th Maccabiah Games, an international Jewish athletics competition similar to the Olympics.


1957 Maccabiah Games
The presence of many world-class Jewish athletes elevated the quality of competition. The athletes had been housed in the newly built Maccabiah Village.


1957 Maccabiah Games
Rosenberg lived in Germany at that time, but Germany didn't have a team in that Maccabiah, so he competed for France.


1957 Maccabiah Games, Notable medalists
Abie Grossfeld of the United States dominated the Games, winning seven golds in seven gymnastics events: AA, R, PH, FX, HB, PB, & V.


1957 Maccabiah Games, Notable medalists
In fencing, British Olympian and world champion Allan Jay won three gold medals. In track, Harry Kane of Britain won the 400 meter hurdles and took a silver medal in the 200 meter hurdles, with a time of 25.3 seconds.


1957 Maccabiah Games, Notable medalists
In fencing, American Byron Krieger, two-time Pan American Games gold-medal winner, won individual Gold in sabre and individual Bronze in foil.


1957 Maccabiah Games, Notable medalists
In weightlifting, Isaac Berger became the first athlete to establish a world record in the State of Israel, pressing 258 pounds (117 kg) in Featherweight competition for the US, a year after winning an Olympic gold medal.


1957 Maccabiah Games, Notable medalists
Ben Helfgott, a concentration camp survivor, won the weightlifting gold medal in the lightweight class for Great Britain for the third Games in a row.


1957 Maccabiah Games, Notable medalists
Reuven Helman competed in shot-put, javelin, the decathlon and weightlifting. Helman came in second in 1957 in the Maccabiah Games.


1957 Maccabiah Games, Participating communities
The number in parentheses indicates the number of participants that community contributed.


1957 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly were held on 25 February 1957. 1,108 candidates contested for the 218 constituencies in the Assembly. There were 69 two-member constituencies and 149 single-member constituencies.


1957 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, State Reorganization
On 1 November 1956, under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Madhya Bharat (except the Sunel enclave of the Mandsaur district), Vindhya Pradesh, Bhopal State and the Sironj sub-division of the Kota district of Rajasthan were merged into Madhya Pradesh while the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division, (namely Buldana, Akola, Amravati, Yeotmal, Wardha, Nagpur, Bhandara and Chanda), were transferred to Bombay State. This resulted in increase in assembly constituencies from 184 with 232 seats to 218 constituencies with 288 seats during 1957 elections.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election
The second legislative assembly election to the Madras state (presently Tamil Nadu) was held on 31 March 1957. This was the first election held after the linguistic reorganization of Madras state in 1954. Indian National Congress and its leader K. Kamaraj won the election, and defeated its rival Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. In 1954, due to the resignation of C. Rajagopalachari, for his controversial Kula Kalvi Thittam, the leadership of Congress was contested, between K. Kamaraj, and C. Subramaniam (who got the support of M. Bhaktavatsalam).


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election
Eventually, K. Kamaraj, won the support of the party, was elected leader and chief minister of Madras State in 1954. In a surprise move, he appointed both M. Bhaktavatsalam and C. Subramaniam, in his cabinet, allowing great unity amongst Congress, that ruled the state of Madras, for the next decade. This election saw future DMK leaders, M. Karunanidhi and K. Anbazhagan winning their first MLA seat in the legislative assembly.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Delimitation and reorganisation
On 1 October 1953, a separate Andhra State consisting of the Telugu-speaking areas of the composite Madras State was formed and the Kannada-speaking area of Bellary District was merged with the then Mysore State. This reduced the strength of the Legislative Assembly to 231.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Delimitation and reorganisation
On 1 November 1956, the States Reorganisation Act 1956 took effect and consequently the constituencies in the erstwhile Malabar district were merged with the Kerala State. This further reduced the strength to 190. The Tamil-speaking area of Kerala (present day Kanyakumari district) and Shenkottah taluk were added to Madras State.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Delimitation and reorganisation
According to the new Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order 1956, made by the Delimitation Commission of India under the provisions of the State Reorganisation Act, 1956, the strength of the Madras Legislative Assembly was increased to 205. The 1957 elections were conducted for these 205 seats. In 1959, as result of The Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act 1959, one member from the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly was allotted to Madras increasing its Legislative Assembly strength to 206.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Two member constituencies
Out of the total 167 constituencies in the state, 38 were two member constituencies 37 of which had one reserved for Scheduled caste candidates and 1 for Scheduled tribe candidate. These constituencies were larger in size and had greater number of voters (more than 1,00,000) when compared to general constituencies. Two separate list of candidates, a general list and a reserved list, contested in those constituencies. Each voter had to cast two votes - one for each list.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Two member constituencies
This system led to anomalies. In some cases like the Coimbatore - II constituency in the 1957 election, both elected members belonged to the reserved list - the candidate with second highest number of votes in reserved list secured more votes than the highest vote getter in the general list. Multiple members were elected only in the 1952 and 1957 elections as double member representation was abolished in 1961 by the enactment of Two-Member Constituencies Abolition Act (1961).


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Parties and issues
Indian National Congress, Communist Party of India, Forward Bloc, Praja Socialist Party, Socialist Party, Congress Reform Committee (Indian National Democratic Congress) and Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) were the major parties contesting this election. This was the first election contested by the DMK since its formation in 1949. The decision to contest elections was taken in 1956 at the party's Trichy conference. The party fielded its candidates in 8 Parliamentary and 117 assembly seats as independents, since it was not an officially recognised party.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Parties and issues
The increased Tamilian character of the Congress party after the appointment of K. Kamaraj, a non-Brahman as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, robbed DMK of its main electoral plank as the sole proponent of Tamil nationalism. It increasingly changed its focus to economic issues and slower industrialisation of the South as an election issue. The DMK election manifesto had a socialist image and creation of Dravida Nadu became a side issue as it had implicitly accepted the prevailing constitutional order.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Parties and issues
Periyar E. V. Ramasamy issued a statement in support of K. Kamaraj before the commencement of the election. In October 1956, the central executive of Dravidar Kazhagam resolved to support K. Kamaraj.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Parties and issues
Since Mr. Kamaraj has done his best to serve the Tamilians, since he has changed Acharyar's educational system designed to perpetuate the caste system, since he has conferred many jobs and many benefits on Tamilians in the educational and other spheres and since the Brahman and DMK people are trying to oust him from power, it has become the duty of all Tamilians to support Mr. Kamaraj and his followers in the election


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Parties and issues
K. Kamaraj accepted the support of Dravidar kazhagam and said if the Kazhagam canvassed vote for him out of their own free will, he could not possibly tell them he did not want their votes. He also made it clear that Congress party can not support a party which is communal in nature and he did not in any way share E. V. Ramasamy's views.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Parties and issues
K. Kamaraj's decision to accept the support and provide candidacy to some former members of Dravidar Kazhagam caused division within Congress resulting in a new party called, Congress Reform Committee (CRC). Though the party was created in the last moment, it fielded candidates in 12 parliamentary and 55 assembly seats.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Voting and results
DMK was not officially recognized as a party by the Election commission of India until 1962, so they were registered as an Independent party. Congress Reform Committee was the second and Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam was the third party in the assembly. Congress won 45% vote share, CRC 8% and DMK 14%.


1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Kamaraj's second cabinet
Kamaraj's council of ministers during his second tenure as chief minister (1 April 1957 – 1 March 1962)


1957 Maine Black Bears football team
The 1957 Maine Black Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of Maine as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1957 college football season. In its seventh season under head coach Harold Westerman, the team compiled a 4–3 record (2–2 against conference opponents) and finished third out of the six teams in the Yankee Conference championship. The team played its home games at Alumni Field in Orono, Maine. Vernon Moulton was the team captain.


1957 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 1957 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 24th playing of the midseason exhibition baseball game between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and National League (NL), the two leagues comprising Major League Baseball. The game was held on July 9, 1957, at Busch Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri, the home of the St. Louis Cardinals of the National League. The game was marked by controversy surrounding Cincinnati Redlegs fans stuffing the ballot box and electing all but one of their starting position players to the game. The game resulted in the American League defeating the National League 6–5.


1957 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Game summary
Six runs were scored in the final inning, three by each team, for an exciting ending as the American League eked out a 6-5 victory.


1957 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Game summary
The game's scoring began in the second inning with a Mickey Mantle single, Ted Williams walk and Vic Wertz base hit, followed by walks to Yogi Berra and Harvey Kuenn that put the AL on top, 2-0. The score remained that way until the sixth, when a Moose Skowron double and Berra single made it 3-0.


1957 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Game summary
Scoring twice in the seventh, the NL closed the gap with a two-run double by Gus Bell, pinch-hitting for Frank Robinson. In the ninth, the AL appeared to seal the victory with a two-run double by Al Kaline and RBI double by Minnie Miñoso for a 6-2 advantage.


1957 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Game summary
Stan Musial walked and Willie Mays tripled to begin the bottom of the ninth. After Ernie Banks delivered a run-scoring single, with its lead trimmed to 6-5, the AL brought in Bob Grim to face pinch-hitter Gil Hodges, who lined out to left field to end the game.