1951 Formula One season, Season review
The World Championship Grand Prix races were open to FIA Formula One cars however the Indianapolis 500, which also counted to the 1951 AAA Championship, was restricted to American Championship Cars.


1951 Formula One season, Teams and drivers
The following teams and drivers competed in the 1951 FIA World Championship of Drivers


1951 Formula One season, World Championship of Drivers standings
Points were awarded on a 8–6–4–3–2 basis to the first five finishers at each Grand Prix with an additional point for the fastest lap. Only the best four results counted towards the championship. Numbers without parentheses are championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.


1951 Formula One season, Non-championship races
Other Formula One races, which did not count towards the World Championship, also held in 1951.


1951 French Championships (tennis)
The 1951 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 23 May until 3 June. It was the 55th staging of the French Championships, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1951. Jaroslav Drobný and Shirley Fry won the singles titles.


1951 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's doubles
Ken McGregor /  Frank Sedgman  defeated  Gardnar Mulloy /  Dick Savitt  6–2, 2–6, 9–7, 7–5


1951 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's doubles
Shirley Fry /  Doris Hart defeated  Beryl Nicholas-Bartlett /  Barbara Scofield 10–8, 6–3


1951 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Mixed doubles
Doris Hart /  Frank Sedgman defeated  Thelma Coyne Long /  Mervyn Rose  7–5, 6–2


1951 French Championships – Men's Singles
Jaroslav Drobný defeated Eric Sturgess  6–3, 6–3, 6–3 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1951 French Championships.


1951 French Championships – Women's Singles
Third-seeded Shirley Fry defeated Doris Hart 6–3, 3–6, 6–3 in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1951 French Championships.


1951 French Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Shirley Fry is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1951 French Grand Prix
The 1951 French Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Reims-Gueux on 1 July 1951. It was race 4 of 8 in the 1951 World Championship of Drivers and was won by Juan Manuel Fangio and Luigi Fagioli driving an Alfa Romeo. It was the first of three occasions where two drivers would be credited with a Grand Prix win after sharing a car.


1951 French Grand Prix
The race, which also carried the honorific title of European Grand Prix, saw the World Championship debuts of Aldo Gordini, André Simon and Onofre Marimón. Fagioli's victory, his first in a World Championship race, made him the oldest driver to win a World Championship Grand Prix, a record he still holds.


1951 French Grand Prix
This race also holds the record for the longest Formula One Grand Prix in terms of total distance needed to cover. 77 laps of the 4.856 mile Reims-Gueux circuit totaled to 373 miles.


1951 French Grand Prix, Report
About 10 laps into the race, the engine in Fangio's car began misfiring, so he stopped at the pits to have the magneto changed, but only completed one further lap before stopping again. Around this time, the gearbox in Ascari's Ferrari had broken, and he retired, although he took over the car of González, who had been pushing very hard. When Fagioli came in for his fuel stop, the team ordered Fagioli and Fangio to swap cars; Fagioli's car was running healthily whereas Fangio's car had all sorts of problems.


1951 French Grand Prix, Report
Fuel stops and problems for the Ferraris enabled Fangio to make his way into the lead and win the race, with Ascari in González's original car finishing 2nd, 52 seconds behind. Fagioli, in Fangio's original car, finished 11th, 22 laps behind.


1951 French Grand Prix, Report
Fagioli, a veteran racing driver who had been racing Grand Prix cars since the 1920s and known for his fiery temperament was so furious over handing his car over to Fangio that he quit Grand Prix racing on the spot; he only raced this one championship race in 1951 and had not competed at the previous rounds at Bern and Spa.


1951 French India Representative Assembly election
The second election to the Representative Assembly was held on 16 December 1951 to constitute the Second Representative Assembly of French India.


1951 French Togoland Representative Assembly election
Representative Assembly elections were held in French Togoland on 9 and 30 December 1951.


1951 French Togoland Representative Assembly election, Results, Elected members
Sylvanus Olympio was the sole elected member for the Committee of Togolese Unity.


1951 French legislative election
Legislative elections were held in France on 17 June 1951 to elect the second National Assembly of the Fourth Republic.


1951 French legislative election
After the Second World War, the three parties which took a major part in the French Resistance to the German occupation dominated the political scene and government: the French Communist Party (PCF), the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO, socialist party) and the Christian democratic Popular Republican Movement (MRP). The forces associated with the Third Republic and the 1940 disaster (the Radical Party and the classical Right) were considered as archaic and were the losers of the post-war elections.


1951 French legislative election
Nevertheless, after the proclamation of the Fourth Republic, the 1947 strikes and the beginning of the Cold War, the Three-parties alliance split. In spring 1947, the Communist ministers were dismissed. At the same time, Charles de Gaulle, symbol of the Resistance, founded his Rally of the French People (RPF) which campaigned for constitutional reform and criticized the "parties' regime" as a rebirth of the defunct Third Republic.


1951 French legislative election
The Socialists and the Christian-Democrats allied with the Rally of the Republican Lefts (composed of the Radicals and the Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance, UDSR) and right-wing groupings to form the Third Force. This coalition defended the regime against the opposition of the Communists on the one hand, and the Gaullists on the other. But this diverse alliance did not lead to a stable executive power. Indeed, its components advocated opposing policies on the economy, the finances of the state, secularism (laïcité) and denominational schools. This discontent was beneficial to the Communists and the Gaullists.


1951 French legislative election
In March 1951, Henri Queuille (Radical Party), became head of the cabinet. His Vice-Prime Ministers were Georges Bidault (MRP), Guy Mollet (SFIO) and René Pleven (UDSR). In order to limit the number of seats won by the Communists and the Gaullists, an electoral reform was passed. The proportional representation system was conserved but if an alliance of parties obtained more of 50% of votes in a given constituency, it won all the seats. The promoters of the electoral reform knew the Communists and the Gaullists were so different from allie contrary to the parties of the Third Force. They hoped the alliance of the pro-government parties would reach the 50% threshold in a maximum of constituencies, whereas the PCF and the RPF would be eliminated of representation.


1951 French legislative election
Whilst the PCF and the RPF were the two largest parties in terms of the popular vote, the Third Force remained the parliamentary majority. Due to the ballot system, the Communist Party, which won more votes than any other party, was only third in terms of the number of seats won. In the winning coalition, the SFIO and the MRP lost support whereas the Radicals and the classical Right made gains. However, due to continuing internal divisions (about the denominational schools, the budget and the colonial question) the problem of the stability of the executive was not resolved. In August 1951, René Pleven replaced Henri Queuille as Prime Minister and the Socialists left the cabinet.


1951 French legislative election in Algeria
Member State of the African Union Member State of the Arab League


1951 French legislative election in Algeria
Elections to the National Assembly of France were held in France, including Algeria, on 17 June 1951. There were 30 seats for Algeria out of 625 at the National Assembly.


1951 French legislative election in Algeria
As for the Algerian Assembly elected in 1948 and for the previous French legislative elections in 1945 and 1946, there were two electoral colleges, one for the 1.5 million "French citizens" (Europeans, plus the Algerian Jews since Crémieux Decree, and a few thousand Algerian Muslims who had been granted this statute at their request), and one for 8 million people ruled by the Indigénat statute. Each college elected 15 deputies.


1951 French legislative election in Algeria
The 1951 legislative elections among the Muslim College, like the Algerian Assembly election of 1948, were rigged by the colonial administration to the detriment of the three anticolonial parties, the Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties, the Democratic Union of the Algerian Manifesto and the Algerian Communist Party. The last one got two deputies in the European College, one in Alger and one in Oran.


1951 French legislative election in Algeria
These legislative elections were the last ones organized in Algeria under the Fourth Republic, in 1956 it was impossible to organize elections in the midst of the Algerian War.


1951 French legislative election in Algeria
The last French legislative elections organized in Algeria before independence were held in 1958.


1951 French legislative election in Cameroon
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Cameroons on 17 June 1951.


1951 French legislative election in Cameroon, Electoral system
The four seats allocated to the constituency were elected on two separate electoral rolls; French citizens elected one MP from the first college, whilst non-citizens elected three MPs in the second college, an increase from two seats in November 1946.


1951 French legislative election in Chad–Ubangi-Shari
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Chad and Ubangi-Shari on 17 June 1951. The territories elected four seats to the Assembly via two electoral colleges; the first college spanned both territories and elected one seat, whilst Chad elected two seats via the second college and Ubangi-Shari one. René Malbrant was re-elected from the first college, and Barthélémy Boganda from the second in Ubangi-Shari. In the second college in Chad, both seats were won by the Chadian Democratic Union.


1951 French legislative election in Dahomey
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Dahomey on 17 June 1951. The territory elected two seats to the Assembly, which were won by Sourou-Migan Apithy of the List of the French Union and Hubert Maga of the Ethnic Group of the North. Voter turnout was 44.3%.


1951 French legislative election in French Somaliland
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Somaliland on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections. Edmond Magendie was elected as the territory's MP, defeating the incumbent Jean-Carles Martine.


1951 French legislative election in French Sudan
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Sudan on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections. Four members were elected, with the Sudanese Progressive Party winning three (taken by Fily Dabo Sissoko, Jean Silvandre and Hamadoun Dicko) and the Sudanese Union – African Democratic Rally one (Mamadou Konaté).


1951 French legislative election in Gabon–Moyen Congo
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Gabon and French Congo on 17 June 1951.


1951 French legislative election in Guinea
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Guinea on 17 June 1951. The number of seats Guinea had in the Assembly had increased from two to three. Suffrage was also extended, with the number of registered voters increasing from 131,309 in the 1946 election to 393,628 in 1951, although voter turnout decreased from 73% to 57%.


1951 French legislative election in Guinea
The Socialist List of the Guinean Union won two seats (Yacine Diallo and Albert Liurette) with the Guinean Agreement winning the other (Mamba Sano).


1951 French legislative election in Ivory Coast
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1951 French legislative election in Ivory Coast
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Ivory Coast on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider parliamentary elections. The African Democratic Rally (Félix Houphouët-Boigny) and French Union (Sékou Sanogo) each won a single seat.


1951 French legislative election in Mauritania
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Mauritania on 17 June 1951. Mauritania had one seat in the Assembly, which was won by Sidi el-Mokhtar N'Diaye, a member of the Mauritanian Progressive Union. He defeated the incumbent, Horma Ould Babana, who had been elected as a member of the French Section of the Workers' International in the last election, but had since gone on to leave the SFIO and form his own party, the Mauritanian Entente.


1951 French legislative election in Mauritania, Background
The UPM was a conservative and regionally based organisation that had been expressly formed in order to oppose Babana's Mauritanian Entente. The party was supported by the colonial administration and its allies, the traditional Maure secular and clerical ruling classes, who feared the Mauritanian Entente's "socialist" program. Babana had spent much of his five-year term in Paris, resulting in him becoming disconnected from the changing Mauritanian political climate, and contributing to a sense of alienation from him amongst Mauritanians. This was reinforced by his strong defence of Moorish interests, which served to alienate black Mauritanians, and also by his disinterest in Mauritanian independence.


1951 French legislative election in Niger
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Niger on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French elections. The Union of Nigerien Independents and Sympathisers won both seats, taken by Georges Condat and Zodi Ikhia


1951 French legislative election in Niger, Campaign
The Independent List included François Borrey, who had unsuccessfully contested the November 1946 elections, and Dabo Aboudakar.


1951 French legislative election in Senegal
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Senegal on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French elections. Two members were elected from the territory, both of which were won by the Senegalese Democratic Bloc. Abbas Gueye and Léopold Sédar Senghor were the two elected members.


1951 French legislative election in Togo
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Togoland on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French elections. Nicolas Grunitzky of the Togolese Party of Progress was elected with 61% of the vote, defeating the incumbent Martin Aku. The result was a reversal of the November 1946 election, in which Aku defeated Grunitzky.


1951 French legislative election in Upper Volta
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Upper Volta on 17 June 1951, as part of the wider French elections. The Voltaic Union (UV) won three of the four seats, which were taken by Joseph Conombo, Henri Guissou, Mamadou Ouédraogo, whilst Nazi Boni won the other seat on the Economic and Social Action in the Interests of Upper Volta list, although he remained a member of the UV.


1951 French legislative election in the Comoros
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in the Comoros on 17 June 1951. The territory elected a single seat, won by Saïd Mohamed Cheikh.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand
The 1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand was the first ever tour of Australasia by any French sports team in history. Puig Aubert captained the France national rugby league team who played 28 matches in total in both Australia and New Zealand, winning 21 of them in what is regarded as the high point in the history of rugby league in France. The Australian Test series resulted in a 2–1 victory to France; however, the tourists then lost their match against the New Zealand national rugby league team. Welcoming the team home to Marseille, more than 150,000 people turned out for a street parade.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Touring squad
The French side was coached by former internationals Robert Samatan and Jean Duhau, and was captained by Puig Aubert. France had just claimed the 1950–51 European Rugby League Championship before embarking on the tour. The squad's average age was 26.5 years. The backs' average weight was 11.1 stone (70 kg) while the forwards' was 14.5 stone (92 kg). Claude Teisseire, half back for Carcassonne and Lucien Barris, a forward, were initially selected in the squad but did not tour. The Rugby League News published  (Position, Occupation, Age, Height and Weight).


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Touring squad
France's captain Puig Aubert had been offered a large contract to play in Sydney but returned to his homeland where he was voted French sportsman of the year.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
The tour's Australian leg featured games played in every mainland State capital except Adelaide, drawing a total of over 450,000 spectators.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
Monaro: FB: Max Preston (age 20) ( Queanbeyan), WG: Don Stewart (24) ( Bombala), CE: Doug McRitchie (27) (, Queanbeyan), CE: Tom Hodges (21) (Adaminaby), WG: Terry Fogarty ( Goulburn), FE: P. Schumack (19) (Bega), HB: Ken Brogan (c) (24) ( Cooma), PR: Ted Schell (19) ( Norths), HK: Ken Fogarty (22) ( Goulburn), PR: K. Barber (21) (Bega), SR: Bruce Grant (21) ( Eden), SR: Bob Alexander (26) ( Canberra), LK: Pat Rankin (20) ( Norths). Jack Melville ( Captain's Flat) was selected as a reserve, but did not play.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
Jack Southwell (25) ( Canberra) was selected, but withdrew due to injury. France:  Puig Aubert, Ode Lespes, Gaston Comes, Maurice Andre, Raymond Contrastin, Robert Caillou, Jean Dop, Paul Bartoletti, Gabriel Genoud, Andre Beraud, Michael Lopez, Élie Brousse, Gaston CalixteThe Daily Telegraph included a match report from France's tour manager, Antoine Blain, as well as their chief football writer.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
Newcastle: FB: Les Milne (age 23) ( Maitland), WG: Jack Bradley (19) ( Souths), CE: Rees Duncan (20) ( Kurri), CE: Frank Threlfo (19) ( Maitland), WG: Brian Carlson (17) ( Norths), FE: Les Brown (27) ( Maitland), HB: Eric Long (23) ( Norths), PR: Charlie Gill (c) (29) ( Norths), HK: Jack Gordon (22) ( Waratah Mayfield), PR: Jim Evans (22) ( Maitland), SR: Albert Paul (23) ( Lakes United), SR: Don Schofield (20) ( Cessnock), LK: Ben Haslam (23) ( Centrals). Coach: Col Maxwell ( Maitland).


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
Two players were selected as reserves, but did not play: Barry Redding (23) ( Norths) and Pat Donnelly (21) ( Souths). Newcastle played in red jerseys with a black V, rather than their traditional blue, to avoid a clash with the French jumpers. France:  Maurice Andre, Raymond Contrastin, Jacques Merquey, Gaston Comes, Vincent Cantoni, Maurice Bellan, Robert Caillou (c), Francois Rinaldi, Jean Audobert, Louis Mazon, François Montrucolis, Guy Delaye, Raoul Perez


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
Western Districts:  FB: Oriel Kennerson ( Bathurst Charlestons), WG: Norm Jacobson (c)  ( Condobolin), CE: Leo Nosworthy ( Narromine), CE: Jack Birney ( Coolah), WG: Max Smith ( Wellington), FE: Rolf Trudgett ( Wellington), HB: William Kelly ( Lithgow Arms Factory), PR: J. West (Orange), HK: Ian Walsh ( Condobolin), PR: Frank Hogan (Mendooran), SR: Len Kable ( Coonabarabran), SR: Ron Kelly ( Forbes), LK: Ken Slattery ( Canowindra), Coach: Les Lay ( Wellington). Two players were selected as reserves, but did not play: John George ( Wellington) and W. Neil ( Cobar).


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
France:  Puig Aubert (c), Raymond Contrastin, Ode Lespes, Maurice Bellan, Maurice Andre, Rene Duffort, Jean Dop, Francois Rinaldi, Jean Audobert, Andre Beraud, Michael Lopez, Édouard Ponsinet, François Montrucolis


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
Sydney: FB: Clive Churchill (c) (age 24) ( Souths), WG: Johnny Bliss (29) ( Manly), CE: Ray Thomas ( Easts), CE: Gordon Willoughby (24) ( Manly), WG: Johnny Graves (24) ( Souths), FE: Frank Stanmore (21) ( Wests), HB: Keith Holman (23) ( Wests), PR: Denis Donoghue (23) ( Souths), HK: Kevin Schubert (23) ( Manly), PR: Jack Holland (27) ( St George), SR: Bernie Purcell (23) ( Souths), SR: Noel Mulligan (25) ( St George), LK: Les Cowie (26) ( Souths). Johnny Hawke (26) ( St George) was initially selected but withdrew, his place being taken by Thomas. Noel Pidding (24) ( St George) and Charlie Banks (24) ( Easts) were named as reserves, but did not play.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
France:  Puig Aubert (c), Raymond Contrastin, Jacques Merquey, Gaston Comes, Vincent Cantoni, Rene Duffort, Joseph Crespo, Paul Bartoletti, Gabriel Genoud, Louis Mazon, Édouard Ponsinet, Élie Brousse, Gaston Calixte


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
Riverina:  FB: Les Koch ( Gundagai), WG: Neil Kingsmill ( Albury Blues), CE: Bruce (Powderly, Powderley) Powdery (Boorowa), CE: Noel Bruce ( Junee), WG: John Biscaya ( Lockhart), FE: Rowley (Roley) McDonnell ( Cootamundra), HB: John Scott ( Young), PR: Don Milton ( Temora), HK: Peter Coupland ( Albury Blues), PR: Nevyl Hand (c) ( Gundagai), SR: Doug Piper ( Young), SR: Ray Green ( Cowra), LK: Peter O'Connor ( Harden). Two players were selected as reserves, but did not play: J. (Buster) Harvey ( Young), Alan Glover (Boorowa).


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg
France:  Puig Aubert, Maurice Andre, Maurice Bellan, Jacques Merquey, Ode Lespes, Robert Caillou (c), Jean Dop, Francois Rinaldi, Jean Audobert, Andre Beraud, Guy Delaye, Michael Lopez, François Montrucolis


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
After five matches against New South Welsh teams, the French side played the tour's first Test match against Australia in Sydney. The two countries had played four Tests against each other previously, with Australia winning all of them.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
All of the French players selected for the Test had played in at least one tour match so far except their five-eighth, Charles Galaup who had only recently arrived in the country. The Australian team featured nine players from the Sydney team that drew with France nine days prior, in addition to four Queenslanders.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
Puig-Aubert opened the scoring with a Penalty kick. At one point France led 16–0, but Australia came back, starting with a penalty kick by Graves. The half time score was 16–2.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
Australia came back strongly in the second half. However, the game ended with the French celebrating their first ever rugby league victory against Australia. France's captain Puig Aubert was presented the Commonwealth Jubilee Cup after the match by the Governor General of Australia, William McKell.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
Northern Division: FB: Ken McCrohon ( Armidale), WG: Morrie Murphy ( Inverell), CE: Norman Young ( West Tamworth), CE: Jack Goldman ( Uralla), WG: N. (Coogan) Thornton ( Uralla), FE: Ron Madden ( Inverell), HB: Eric Fraser ( Moree), PR: B. Carlton ( Walcha), HK: Alf Hardman ( Moree), PR: Arthur Henderson ( Moree), SR: Les Gilmore ( Scone), SR: Barry Jackson ( Moree), LK: Cecil Bull ( Manilla). Four players were selected as reserves, but did not play: P. Starr ( Guyra), Trevor Hong ( Armidale), R. Partridge ( West Tamworth), Neville Harrison ( Scone).


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
France: FB: Maurice Andre, WG: Ode Lespes, CE: Robert Caillou, CE: Joseph Crespo, WG: Maurice Bellan, FE: Charles Galaup, HB: Jean Dop, PR: François Rinaldi, HK: Jean Audoubert, PR: Andre Beraud, SR: Michel Lopez, SR: Guy Delaye, LK: Élie Brousse.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
Queensland: FB: Nev Linde (age 24) ( Tivoli), WG: Denis Flannery (22) ( Ipswich CYM), CE: Noel Hazzard (26) (Bundaberg), CE: Rex McGlynn (24) (Bundaberg), WG: Des McGovern (25) ( Toowoomba All Whites), FE: Harry Griffiths (25) ( Booval Swifts), HB: Ken McCaffery (21) ( Toowoomba Souths), PR: Duncan Hall (23) ( Toowoomba Newtown), HK: Ron Davis ( Sarina), PR: Alan Thompson (28) ( Souths), SR: Bernie Drew (23) (Bundaberg), SR: Brian Davies (21) ( Brisbane Brothers), LK: Harold 'Mick' Crocker (24) ( Souths). Two players were selected as reserves, but did not play: Alex Watson (18) ( Wests), Gordon Teys ( Toowoomba Valleys). This match was Ron Davis' only appearance for the Maroons.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Raymond Contrastin, CE: Jacky Merquey, CE: Charles Galaup, WG: Vincent Cantoni, FE: René Duffort, HB: Joseph Crespo, PR: Paul Bartoletti, HK: Gabriel Genoud, PR: Andre Beraud, SR: Guy Delaye, SR: Édouard Ponsinet, LK: Louis Mazon.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
Central Queensland: FB: Alan Poole ( Brothers), WG: Sid Irvine ( Blackall), CE: Mick Hauff ( Blackall), CE: Wal Gill ( Barcaldine), WG: Leo (Jeffcoat) Jeffcoot ( Brothers), FE: Vivian (Mick) Irwin ( Blackall), HB: Bernie Johnson ( Longreach), PR: Mick Turnbull ( Blackall), HK: H. Johnson ( Railways), PR: C (Bow) Harkin ( Brothers), SR: Reg Beath ( Railways), SR: Norm Elliott ( Winton), LK: Trevor Whitehead ( Brothers). France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Vincent Cantoni, CE: Maurice Andre, CE: Gaston Comes, WG: Ode Lespes, FE: Maurice Bellan, HB: René Duffort, PR: Andre Beraud, HK: Jean Audoubert, PR: François Rinaldi, SR: François Montrucolis, SR: Michel Lopez, LK: Gaston Calixte.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
North Queensland: FB: John Jabore (age 21) ( Bucas), WG: Terry Boland (24) ( Brothers), CE: Jack Horrigan (26) ( Ayr), CE: Frank Power (23) ( Brothers), WG: Gordon Farrelly ( Kangaroos), FE: Bob Banks (21) (Charters Towers), HB: Max Short (21) ( Souths), PR: Charlie Woods (29) ( Ayr), HK: Jim (Tom) Wedesweiler (24) ( Bucas), PR: Hume Ronald (21) ( Carltons), SR: Maurice Robertson (21) ( Brothers), SR: Roy (Blondi) Greenwood (23) ( Sarina), LK: Ron McLennan (26) ( Ayr). Pat Harvey (Herbert River) was selected as a reserve, but did not play. France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Raymond Contrastin, CE: Gaston Comes, CE: Joseph Crespo, WG: Vincent Cantoni, FE: Jacky Merquey, HB: Charles Galaup, PR: Paul Bartoletti, HK: Gabriel Genoud, PR: Louis Mazon, SR: François Montrucolis, SR: Édouard Ponsinet, LK: René Duffort.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 1st Test
Wide Bay: FB: Ken Kennedy (Wallaroos), WG: M. Tickle (Gympie), CE: E. Barnes (Bundaberg), CE: Rex McGlynn (Bundaberg), WG: Ken Gayton (Bundaberg), FE: D. Nixon (Bundaberg), HB: N. (Tubby) Adsett ( Nambour), PR: Ivan Lloyd-Jones (Bundaberg), HK: Dennis Jackwitz (Bundaberg), PR: M. Kasmer (Bundaberg), SR: B. Long (Gympie), SR: Tom Hooper ( Nambour), LK: Keith Kendrick (Wallaroos). France: FB: Charles Galaup, WG: Maurice Andre, CE: Maurice Bellan, CE: François Montrucolis, WG: Ode Lespes, FE: Robert Caillou, HB: Jean Dop, PR: Martin Martin, HK: Jean Audoubert, PR: Andre Beraud, SR: Guy Delaye, SR: François Rinaldi, LK: Michel Lopez


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
After five matches against Queensland teams, the French side played the tour's second Test match against Australia in Brisbane.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
Only one change was made to the French team for the second Test: five-eighth Charles Galaup was replaced by Jacques Merquey. This time The Australian test team included six Queenslanders and returned to its winning ways with a 23–11 victory. Following a head clash with French prop forward Louis Mazon in the second half, Australian captain Clive Churchill was assisted from the field.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
France were leading 12–7 at half time. However, in the second half Brisbane captain and five-eighth, George Atherdon scored a try and his side was leading 16–15 with seven minutes remaining. France were awarded a penalty near the half-way line and Puig-Aubert scored a drop-goal from about 53 yards out two minutes from full-time. Aubert reached a points total for the tour of 112, thus passing Briton Ernest Ward's total of 106 the previous year.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
Brisbane: FB: Norm Pope ( Valleys), WG: Wally McDonald ( Wests), CE: Alex Watson ( Wests), CE: Nev Wilson ( Souths), WG: Robert Kille ( Easts), FE: George Atherden ( Norths), HB: Ron Stanton ( Easts), PR: William Sims ( Wests), HK: Terry Coman ( Brothers), PR: Keith Blackford ( Wynnum), SR: Jack Fallon ( Brothers), SR: Brian Davies ( Brothers), LK: Harold (Mick) Crocker ( Souths). The following were selected as reserves, but did not play: Doug Anderson ( Valleys), Len Blaik ( Easts) and Col McAllister ( Wests).


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
Alan Thompson ( Souths) was initially selected to captain the Brisbane side, but withdrew after acquiring an injury in the Second Test. France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Maurice Andre, CE: Michel Lopez, CE: Maurice Bellan, WG: Ode Lespes, FE: Charles Galaup, HB: Robert Caillou, PR: Andre Beraud, HK: Jean Audoubert, PR: Martin Martin, SR: François Rinaldi, SR: Guy DelayeLK: François Montrucolis.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
Toowoomba: FB: William Sullivan ( All Whites), WG: Pat McMahon ( Souths), CE: Athol Halpin ( All Whites), CE: Sammy Hunter ( Souths), WG: Max Higgins ( Valleys), FE: Jim Heidke ( Valleys), HB: Ken McCaffery ( Souths), PR: Duncan Hall ( Newtown), HK: Kev Boshammer ( All Whites), PR: Jack Rooney ( All Whites), SR: Bill Beardsworth ( Valleys), SR: Gordon Teys ( Valleys), LK: Ron (Roy) Teys ( Valleys). Coach: Duncan Thompson (Toowoomba ). Bill Callinan ( Newtown) was originally selected, but withdrew. He was replaced in the line-up by Hunter.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
The following players were also selected as reserves, but did not play: Des McGovern ( All Whites), W. Hookway ( Souths) and Neil Teys ( Valleys). France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Ode Lespes, CE: Jacky Merquey, CE: René Duffort, WG: Vincent Cantoni, FE: Charles Galaup, HB: Joseph Crespo, PR: Gabriel Genoud, HK: Martin Martin, PR: Paul Bartoletti, SR: François Rinaldi, SR: Élie Brousse, LK: François Montrucolis.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
North Coast: FB: Allan Lawson (Coffs), WG: Ken McDonald (Taree-Old Bar), CE: Colin Sherwood (Murwillumbah), CE: Alby Duncan ( Bowraville), WG: Ron Algie (Taree-Old Bar), FE: Austin White (Taree Brown's Creek Taree), HB: Eric Carney ( Wauchope), PR: Basil Cook (Taree-Old Bar), HK: Kevin McKiernan (Kempsey CYM), PR: Bob Campbell ( Bowraville), SR: Rex Chaffer (Macksville), SR: George Alaban (Macksville), LK: K. Killett (Macksville). J. McNamara (Bonalbo) was selected in the team to play South Sydney and France, but played only in the match against Souths on June 16.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
N. Walsham ( Grafton All Blacks) was selected as a reserve for both matches, but did not play against France. North Coast played in black and white jerseys in both matches. France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Raymond Contrastin, CE: Robert Caillou, CE: Maurice Bellan, WG: Ode Lespes, FE: Charles Galaup, HB: Jean Dop, PR: Andre Beraud, HK: Jean Audoubert, PR: Louis Mazon, SR: Michel Lopez, SR: Élie Brousse, LK: Raoul Perez.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
New South Wales: FB: Clive Churchill (24) ( Souths), WG: Noel Pidding (24) ( St George), CE: Johnny Hawke (25) ( St George), CE: Col Cooper (25) ( Canterbury), WG: Ron Roberts (23) ( St George), FE: Wally O'Connell (28) ( Manly), HB: Keith Holman (23) ( Wests), PR: Fred Brown (25) ( Manly), HK: Kevin Schubert (23) ( Manly), PR: Denis Donoghue (23) ( Souths), SR: Noel Mulligan (25) ( St George), SR: Charlie Banks (24) ( Easts), LK: Les Cowie (26) ( Souths).


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
The following players were selected as reserves, but didi not play: Harry Wells (19) ( Souths), and Bernie Purcell (23) ( Souths). France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Raymond Contrastin, CE: Jacky Merquey, CE: Gaston Comes, WG: Vincent Cantoni, FE: Charles Galaup, HB: Joseph Crespo, PR: Paul Bartoletti, HK: Martin Martin, PR: Louis Mazon, SR: Élie Brousse, SR: Édouard Ponsinet, LK: René Duffort


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
Southern Division: FB: Ross Thomas ( Wollongong), WG: Terry Cook ( C.B.C. ), CE: Jack (Johnny) Seymour ( Bowral), CE: Len Torpy ( Wollongong), WG: Arthur Thompson ( Nowra), FE: Johnny Rouse ( Nowra), HB: Jack McDonald ( Kiama), PR: Bill Burgess ( Wollongong), HK: Bill Bolt ( C.B.C. ), PR: Jim Ralston ( Port Kembla), SR: Angus Miller ( Berry), SR: Bruce Smith ( Thirroul), LK: Don Townsend ( Port Kembla), Coach: Harry Nolan ( Wests). Ian Moir ( Port Kembla) was originally selected in the team, but did not play.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 2nd Test
He was replaced on the wing by Arthur Thompson. Les Gillard ( Picton) and Keith Clark ( Camden) were selected as reserves, but did not play. France: FB: Gaston Comes, WG: Raoul Perez, CE: Maurice Bellan, CE: René Duffort, WG: Ode Lespes, FE: Robert Caillou, HB: Jean Dop, PR: Paul Bartoletti, HK: Jean Audoubert, PR: Andre Beraud, SR: Guy Delaye, SR: Michel Lopez, LK: François Montrucolis.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 3rd Test
The French team travelled back from Queensland to Sydney for the third and deciding Test match of the series. The Australians were slight favourites to win the match. People began to queue up in bitterly cold winds the night before the match.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian leg, 3rd Test
French captain and fullback Puig Aubert kicked 7 goals and his half back Joseph Crespo scored three tries as the tourists overpowered Australia to claim the Test series. This was the last test match for Australian five-eighth Wally O'Connell.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg
France defeated Canterbury 13–7 in front of 13,000 at the Show Grounds.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
New Zealand defeated France 16–15 in a "brutal match" at Carlaw Park. Des White kicked the winning penalty goal after the full-time siren had sounded to seal victory in "one of the most dramatic and dirtiest games ever played by the Kiwis".


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
First it was West Coast five-eighth George "Geordie" Menzies forced off with a cheekbone broken by a French head-butt. Then it was Otago's 1946 All Black halfback, Jimmy Haig with a broken jaw. Also Charlie McBride was bitten.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
In the mid-second half, a brawl erupted amongst the forwards. French prop and national middleweight champion, Louis Mazon, was heavily involved. It took referee J. Griffen three minutes to separate the combatants. Ten minutes later, when the touch judges and officials intervened and things finally settled down, Griffen sent France's hooker Martin Martin from the field for throwing mud at him, but the Frenchman refused to go. The president of the French Rugby League, Anton Blain, and his New Zealand counterpart, Jack Redwood, came on and eventually persuaded Martin to leave the field.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
No replacements were allowed so the game wound down with 11 Kiwis on the field against 12 Frenchmen. There was no ground clock or siren in those days and the players had to listen for the chimes from the nearby University of Auckland wedding-cake tower to get an indication of time remaining. They knew that it was usually all over by 4 pm, but this game went well past four.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
In the final seconds of the match New Zealand wing Bevin Hough, a 1950 British Empire Games silver medal-winning sprinter, was heading for the Domain Stand corner and a certain try when he was taken out by a high shot from Cantoni. White was then called to kick. He backed up against the white picket fence sideline on the domain side, and sent the ball sailing between the posts, the crowd roaring before it got there.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
The bitterness continued. One of the Frenchmen attacked Maurie Robertson, leaping onto his back as he left the field, and a touch judge was knocked to the ground. As the crowd gathered to congratulate the Kiwis, the French spat at them. Later however, at the after-match dinner the French were gentlemen, conceding victory to the better side. Puig Aubert shook White's hand and congratulated him on the match-winning goal.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
The 50th anniversary of this match was commemorated during the 2001 French rugby league tour of New Zealand and Papua New Guinea with another Test between New Zealnd and France in Auckland.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
Two days after the one-off Test match France returned to Carlaw Park to play Auckland. France won 15–10 in front of 30,000 spectators. Auckland included Des White, Jimmy Edwards, Tommy Baxter, Cyril Eastlake, Bevin Hough, Bruce Robertson, captain Des Barchard, Cliff Johnson, George Davidson, Graham Burgoyne, Doug Richards-Jolley, Clarence Hurndell and Allan Wiles.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand leg, Test Match
During this match, French half-back Jean Dop was running for the ball when he was struck by a spectator, prompting police to move the crowd from the area.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian return leg
Following the New Zealand of the tour, the French returned to Australia for another 3 matches before heading home.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian return leg
A New South Wales XIII: FB: Ron Willey ( Canterbury), WG: Jack Lumsden ( Manly), CE: Gordon Willoughby ( Manly), CE: Matt McCoy ( St George), WG: John McClean ( Norths), FE: Greg Hawick ( Souths), HB: Col Donohoe ( Easts), PR: Bryan Orrock ( Souths), HK: Kevin Schubert ( Manly), PR: Fred Brown ( Manly), SR: Ferris Ashton ( Easts), SR: Jack Rayner ( Souths), LK: Nev Charlton ( Canterbury). Kevin Woolfe ( Souths) and Tom Tyrrell ( Balmain) were selected as reserves, but did not play. France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Raymond Contrastin, CE: Joseph Crespo, CE: Maurice Bellan, WG: Vincent Cantoni, FE: Charles Galaup, HB: Jean Dop, PR: Andre Beraud, HK: Martin Martin, PR: Louis Mazon, SR: Élie Brousse, SR: Édouard Ponsinet, LK: Gaston Calixte.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian return leg
An Australian XIII: FB: Clive Churchill ( Souths), WG: Bill Dickason ( Victoria), CE: Kevin Woolfe ( Souths), CE: Noel Hazzard (Bundaberg), WG: John McClean ( Norths), FE: Greg Hawick ( Souths), HB: Ken McCaffery ( Souths), PR: J. Balmain ( Victoria), HK: Ernie Hammerton ( Souths), PR: Gordon Teys ( Valleys), SR: Brian Davies ( Brothers), SR: Jack Rayner ( Souths), LK: Harold Crocker ( Souths). B. Pease ( Victoria) and R. Jackson ( Victoria) were selected as reserves, but did not play. France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Maurice Andre, CE: Joseph Crespo, CE: Robert Caillou, WG: Raymond Contrastin, FE: Charles Galaup, HB: Jean Dop, PR: Andre Beraud, HK: Martin Martin, PR: Jean Audoubert, SR: Édouard Ponsinet, SR: Élie Brousse, LK: Gaston Calixte.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian return leg
Western Australia: FB: Joe McGuiness ( Fremantle), WG: Bob Sampson (20) (Nedlands), CE: Norm Plester (18) ( South Perth), CE: W. Nicholson (Perth), WG: R. Quinlan ( South Perth), FE: Stan Saxon (20) ( South Perth), HB: L. Leavy ( South Perth), PR: G. Vooles ( South Perth), HK: K. Allen ( Fremantle), PR: R. Robinson (Eastern Suburbs), SR: Joe Stewart ( South Perth), SR: Bob Patching (19) ( South Perth), LK: Terry Sullivan (32) ( Fremantle), Coach: Arthur Folwell.


1951 French rugby league tour of Australia and New Zealand, Australian return leg
The following were included in an initial, extended squad, but did not play:  M. Hawthorn ( Victoria Park), P. Hobart ( Cottesloe), K. Hodges ( Applecross), D. McDonald ( Fremantle), J. McDonald ( Fremantle), T. Myles ( Cottesloe). France: FB: Puig Aubert, WG: Vincent Cantoni, CE: Joseph Crespo, CE: Maurice Andre, WG: Raymond Contrastin, FE: Robert Caillou, HB: Jean Dop, PR: Andre Beraud, HK: Martin Martin, PR: Jean Audoubert, SR: Élie Brousse, SR: Édouard Ponsinet, LK: Gaston Calixte.


1951 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 1951 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented Fresno State College during the 1951 college football season. The Bulldogs competed as an Independent in the 1951 season.


1951 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The team was led by second-year head coach Duke Jacobs and played home games at Ratcliffe Stadium on the campus of Fresno City College in Fresno, California. They finished the season with a record of five wins and five losses (5–5).


1951 Fresno State Bulldogs football team, Team players in the NFL
No Fresno State Bulldogs were selected in the 1952 NFL Draft.


1951 Gambian legislative election
Legislative elections were held in the Gambia in 1951. They were the first election to feature political parties, as the Democratic Party and the Muslim Congress Party had been founded earlier in the year.


1951 Gambian legislative election, Results
There were only three elected seats in the Legislative Council at the time.


1951 Gator Bowl
The 1951 Gator Bowl was an American college football bowl game played on January 1, 1951, at Gator Bowl Stadium in Jacksonville, Florida. It was the sixth annual playing of the Gator Bowl. The game pitted the Wyoming Cowboys, champions of the Skyline Conference (also known as the Mountain States Conference), against the Washington and Lee Generals, champions of the Southern Conference.


1951 Gator Bowl, Background
The Generals won the Southern Conference with a perfect conference record, led by quarterback Gil Bocetti and fullback Walt Michaels, though Michaels would be out due to an appendicitis. They had wins over West Virginia, Virginia Tech, Louisville, and Richmond while losing to Virginia and Tennessee. They were the first team from Virginia to play in a bowl game. The Cowboys were champions of the Mountain States Conference and had finished the regular season undefeated.


1951 Gator Bowl, Game summary
After a scoreless first quarter, the Cowboys started a crucial second quarter with an Eddie Talboom touchdown pass to Dick Campbell. A crucial point in the game came on the following drive by the Generals. Bocetti was driving his team down the field when his pass was intercepted by Selmer Pederson. Talboom drove his team down the field, culminated by a touchdown run by Talboom himself, as it was 13–0 at halftime. Despite outgaining them in yards, the Generals could not capitalize on scoring until it was too late.


1951 Gator Bowl, Game summary
Meanwhile, in the third quarter, fullback John Melton added in his own touchdown run, making it 20–0. With the game already decided, the Generals added a meaningless touchdown run by Gil Bocetti as the Cowboys won their first ever bowl game. Talboom went 10 for 14 for 141 yards and also rushed for 31 yards.


1951 Gator Bowl, Aftermath
This would start Wyoming's streak of bowl game wins, winning three more before their first loss in 1968. They have not played in the Gator Bowl since this game. The Generals have never played in a bowl game since this game, as they now play in Division III.


1951 Gent–Wevelgem
The 1951 Gent–Wevelgem was the 13th edition of the Gent–Wevelgem cycle race and was held on 25 March 1951. The race started in Ghent and finished in Wevelgem. The race was won by André Rosseel.


1951 George Washington Colonials football team
The 1951 George Washington Colonials football team was an American football team that represented George Washington University as part of the Southern Conference during the 1951 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach Bo Rowland, the team compiled a 2–6–1 record (2–3–1 in the SoCon).


1951 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1951 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the Georgia Bulldogs of the University of Georgia during the 1951 college football season.


1951 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1951 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets of the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1951 college football season. The team was named national champion by Berryman and co-champion by Boand.


1951 German Grand Prix
The 1951 German Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 29 July 1951 at the Nürburgring Nordschleife. It was race 6 of 8 in the 1951 World Championship of Drivers.


1951 German Grand Prix, Report
Alfa Romeo once again fielded four cars, with local driver Paul Pietsch replacing Consalvo Sanesi, joining Fangio, Farina and Bonetto. Following on from their maiden victory at Silverstone, Ferrari also entered four drivers. Piero Taruffi rejoined their lineup, alongside Ascari, Villoresi and British Grand Prix winner José Froilán González. Ferrari continued their good form from the previous event, with Ascari and González the fastest two qualifiers. Fangio and Farina completed the front row, with Villoresi, Taruffi and Pietsch making up the second row.


1951 German Grand Prix, Report
Nino Farina initially took the lead, but, by the end of the first lap, had been passed by Fangio, Ascari and González. Paul Pietsch was running in fifth, but ended up at the back of the field after going off on the second lap. When Farina was forced to retire due to overheating problems, Fangio was left as the sole Alfa Romeo able to take the fight to the Ferrari drivers. Alberto Ascari took the lead on the fifth lap as a result of Fangio's first pitstop, but Fangio returned to the lead when Ascari took to the pits.


1951 German Grand Prix, Report
As the Alfas required two pitstops, as opposed to just one for the Ferraris, Fangio needed to build a large lead in his second stint if he wanted to retain the lead after his second stop. He was unable to do so, therefore Ascari reclaimed the lead on the fifteenth lap of the race.


1951 German Grand Prix, Report
Due to a misbehaving engine and a gearbox with only 3rd and 4th (4th being the highest gear), Fangio was unable to take advantage of an unexpected tyre change for Ascari, meaning that the Italian took his maiden World Championship race victory by over half a minute from Fangio. González completed the podium, with the remaining points positions going to the other works Ferraris of Villoresi and Taruffi.


1951 German Grand Prix, Report
Ascari's victory took him to second in the Championship standings, ten points adrift of Fangio, who extended his lead from the previous race. After his second consecutive podium, José Froilán González moved up to third in the standings, level on points with Farina and Villoresi.


1951 German football championship
The 1951 German football championship was the culmination of the football season in the West Germany in 1950–51. 1. FC Kaiserslautern were crowned champions for the first time after a group stage and a final.


1951 Giro d'Italia
The 1951 Giro d'Italia was the 34th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro started off in Milan on 19 May with a 202 km (125.5 mi) flat stage and concluded back in Milan with a 172 km (106.9 mi) relatively flat mass-start stage on 10 June. Fourteen teams entered the race, which was won by Italian Fiorenzo Magni of the Ganna team. Second and third respectively were Belgian Rik Van Steenbergen and Swiss rider Ferdinand Kübler.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Teams
A total of 14 teams were invited to participate in the 1951 Giro d'Italia. Each team sent a squad of seven riders, so the Giro began with a peloton of 98 cyclists. Italy had the most participants with 80, the foreign participation included Belgium (9), Switzerland (5), and France (4). Out of the 98 riders that started this edition of the Giro d'Italia, a total of 75 riders made it to the finish in Milan.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
It was widely believed that the competing field was very international than in years past at the Giro and it contained all the great cycling champions at the moment. Reigning champion Hugo Koblet (Guerra) entered the race to defend his crown. Koblet did not have a successful early season. Fausto Coppi and his Bianchi team were regarded as the strongest team. Coppi, who had broken his collarbone earlier in the 1951 season during the Milano–Torino, had recently shown his strength as he finished second overall at the Tour de Romandie.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
Nouelliste Valaisan wrote the even with Gino Bartali (Bartali) and Fiorenzo Magni's (Ganna) participation, that Coppi was the only hope for an Italian victory. Bartali was seen as a rider that could surprise, but not win the race. His most notable result was a second-place finish at La Flèche Wallonne. Magni was viewed as dangerous prospect; he won Milano–Torino and his third straight Tour of Flanders in April. As a whole, the "Big Three" of Italian cycling were seen as the only Italian riders with legitimate chances to win the title.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
France's Louison Bobet (Bottecchia) was viewed as a strong candidate and in strong form. Bobet had placed third at the previous year's Tour de France, entered as the French national road race champion, and had won the Milan–San_Remo earlier that season. Swiss rider Fritz Schär (Arbos) was seen as a candidate to win the race as well. Frejus' Ferdinand Kübler, who won the 1950 Tour de France, participated as well with the hopes of winning the general classification. Kübler had a successful start to the 1951 campaign with victories at La Flèche Wallonne and Liège–Bastogne–Liège.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
Nouvelliste Valaisan speculated Kübler would not try to defend his Tour title in order to give the Giro his best effort. Coppi, Kubler, and Bobet were named among several media outlets to be the top contenders to win the race. The Girardengo team was viewed to be very strong, in part due to the fact the team possessed three riders with a history of winning the world championship men's road race: Marcel Kint (1938), Briek Schotte (1948 & 1950), and Rik Van Steenbergen (1949). Schotte finished second at the 1948 Tour de France (Bartali won the race overall).


1951 Giro d'Italia, Route and stages
The route was revealed on 5 February 1951. There were three rest days that divided the twenty stages. The route averaged 200 km (124 mi) per stage. An alternate route through the Dolomites was created by the organizers in the chances that the Pordoi Pass, Passo Rolle, and the Falzarego Pass were not cross-able. The race did exit Italy to enter Switzerland.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Route and stages
There were some rule changes prior to the 1951 edition. Due to some complaints regarding Koblet's win the year prior, which some credited due to the time bonuses he had garnered from intermediate sprints, summits, and stage finishes, all time bonuses were removed from the race. In addition, the intermediate sprint classification was removed as a whole. Nouvelliste Valaisan felt the changes would make the cyclists lose interest. In addition, rules were changed regarding flat tires, riders would have to change the inner tube rather than change wheels.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Route and stages
The opening stages and the stages between the second and third rest days were thought to be easy, while the last four stages would be the hardest. A writer for Nouvelliste Valaisan felt the Giro had begun to open more to international riders, it has drawn the attention of the Tour de France organizers. At the time it was regarded as one of the top three stage races in the world, along with the Tour de France and the Tour de Suisse.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider – wore a pink jersey. This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered as the winner of the Giro.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
Two additional jerseys were in use. The green jersey was given to the best foreign cyclist in the general classification; it was won by Belgian Rik Van Steenbergen. The white jersey was given to the best cyclist riding with a licence for independents; this was won by Arrigo Padovan.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
In the mountains classification, the race organizers selected different mountains that the route crossed and awarded points to the riders who crossed them first. The winner of the team classification was determined by adding the finish times of the best three cyclists per team together and the team with the lowest total time was the winner. If a team had fewer than three riders finish, they were not eligible for the classification.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
There was a black jersey (maglia nera) awarded to the rider placed last in the general classification. The classification was calculated in the same manner as the general classification.


1951 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.


1951 Giro di Lombardia
The 1951 Giro di Lombardia, 45th edition of the race, was held in 1951.


1951 Gold Coast general election
General elections were held in the Gold Coast on 8 February 1951. Although elections had been held for the Legislative Council since 1925, the Council did not have complete control over the legislation, and the voting franchise was limited to residents of urban areas meeting property requirements and the councils of chiefs. The 1951 elections were the first in Africa to be held under universal suffrage.


1951 Gold Coast general election, Background
Amongst growing calls for self-governance, such as the 1948 Accra Riots and unrest (which led to the arrest of the Big Six), the Coussey Committee was commissioned by the United Kingdom government. Its report led to the 1951 constitution, which gave the Executive Council an African majority, and created an 84-member Legislative Assembly, 38 of whom were to be elected by the people, 37 representing territorial councils, six appointed to represent commercial interests and three ex officio members appointed by the Governor. Those representing commercial interests and appointed by the Governor were all white.


1951 Gold Coast general election, Campaign
A total of 117 candidates contested the 38 elected seats. The Convention People's Party (CPP) contested every seat, while the United Gold Coast Convention and National Democratic Party provided its main opposition. There were also several independent candidates, as well as the Asante Kotoko party. General Secretary of the CPP, Kojo Botsio, won the Winneba seat unopposed, the only candidate to do so.


1951 Gold Coast general election, Campaign
Nkrumah's aide and later Finance Minister Komla Agbeli Gbedemah is credited with organising the entire campaign while Nkrumah was still in Fort James prison, detained by the colonial government. Nkrumah duly won the Accra Central Municipal seat.


1951 Gold Coast general election, Results
Kwame Nkrumah's Convention People's Party won 34 of the 38 elected seats in the assembly, claiming all five seats and nearly 95% of the vote in urban areas; Nkrumah himself winning the Accra Central seat with 22,780 of the 23,122 votes cast. In rural areas the CPP won 29 of the 33 seats, taking around 72% of the vote. The main opposition, the United Gold Coast Convention, fared badly, winning only two seats, and was disbanded following the elections. Former members of the UGCC went on to form the Ghana Congress Party (which later became the United Party). The other parties were unsuccessful.


1951 Gold Coast general election, Results
The CPP was also supported in the Assembly by 22 of the indirectly elected members, and thus held 56 of the 84 seats.


1951 Gold Coast general election, Aftermath
After winning the Accra Central seat, Nkrumah was released from prison, and was appointed "Leader of Government Business", before becoming the country's first Prime Minister the following year after a constitutional amendment.


1951 Gold Coast general election, Aftermath
Another new constitution was promulgated in 1954, followed by elections the same year, also won by the CPP. Following another convincing election victory by Nkrumah's party in 1956, Gold Coast became the first sub-Saharan African state to gain independence (aside from apartheid South Africa) on 6 March 1957, changing its name to Ghana.


1951 Governor General's Awards
The 15th Governor General's Awards for Literary Merit were presented on June 13, 1952 for works of Canadian literature published in 1951. The awards in this period had no monetary prize and were just an honour for the authors.


1951 Governor General's Awards
The 1952 awards also introduced new categories, known as the University of Western Ontario President's Awards, to honour individual short works. The awards were presented in three categories, for short stories, poems and magazine articles.


1951 Governor General's Awards
Although administered separately, the Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour also announced its winner at the same ceremony.


1951 Grand National
The 1951 Grand National was the 105th renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 7 April 1951.


1951 Grand National
A crowd of 250,000 people saw the race won by Nickel Coin at odds of 40/1. The nine-year-old mare was ridden by jockey John Bullock and trained by Jack O'Donoghue. Royal Tan, who won in 1954, finished second, and Derrinstown was third. An unprecedented twelve horses (a third of the field) went at the first fence- either falling or being brought down. Of the 36 runners, only three completed the course. All of the horses returned safely to the stables.


1951 Grand National
In the long history of the Grand National only 13 mares have won the race, Nickel Coin being the most recent.


1951 Grand National, Media Coverage
With rationing still in place across the UK, newspapers had limited space for coverage of the race, most only running a brief preview with the race card. The Radio Times carried a picture of 1950 winner, Freebooter jumping the final flight on the ay to victory with a map of the course on its cover.


1951 Grand National, Media Coverage
The BBC had requested to screen the race live on Television but Aintree refused, leaving the BBC light radio programme to issue a thirty-minute broadcast at 3pm. David Black called the runners over the early fences, Michael O'Hehir took over at Becher's and Canal turn with Richard North calling them up the Canal Side before handing over to lead commentator, Raymond Glendenning to call the runners home. Each commentator was assisted by a race caller who would spot and identify horses departed the contest. Peter O'Sullevan, who would eventually be known as the voice of Racing, this year acted as O'Hehir's caller.


1951 Grand National, Media Coverage
The major newsreel companies regarded the National as one of the major highlights of their year. Movietone, presented by Lionel Gamlin, Pathe and Gaumont, all had cameras on the course and had their coverage ready to be screened in cinemas within hours.


1951 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season
The 1951 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the third F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship Grand Prix season. The season consisted of eight Grand Prix races in five classes: 500cc, 350cc, 250cc, 125cc and Sidecars 500cc. It began on 8 April, with Spanish Grand Prix and ended with Nations Grand Prix on 9 September. As of 2020, this is the most recent season the premier class was won by a non-Japanese and Italian constructor.


1951 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, 1951 Grand Prix season calendar
† The race saw only four competitors and was not counted as a round of the World Championship.


1951 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Standings, Scoring system
Points were awarded to the top six finishers in each race. Only the best three races counted in the Sidecars, 125cc and 250cc, while in the 350cc and 500cc championships, the best five results counted.


1951 Greek legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 9 September 1951. They resulted in an ambivalent outcome, consisting a narrow and pyrrhic, as proven later, victory for the ruling center-liberal parties of Sophoklis Venizelos and Nikolaos Plastiras.


1951 Greek legislative election, Background
After the Greek elections of 1950, when the divided centrist parties had a clear majority in the Parliament political instability was the main characteristic of the political life in Greece. The subsequent centre-liberal governments of Sophoklis Venizelos, Nikolaos Plastiras and Georgios Papandreou did not manage to ensure and enforce stability. As a result, Nikolaos Plastiras supported a People's Party government, under the terms that the latter would soon conduct elections.


1951 Greek legislative election, Outcome
First party in the elections of 1951 was the just-founded Greek Rally of Alexandros Papagos, which swept the traditionally dominant right-wing People's Party. Nevertheless, the two major centrist-liberal parties, the Liberal Party and the National Progressive Center Union, elected more deputies than the conservatives.


1951 Greek legislative election, Outcome
The left-wing EDA, a party believed to have been affiliated with the outlaw during 1950-1974 Communist Party of Greece, made its first appearance in these elections.


1951 Greek legislative election, Aftermath
Since no party or alliance had the absolute majority in the Parliament and Alexandros Papagos refused to participate in a government of national unity, the Liberal Party and the National Progressive Center Union formed a minority government under the leadership of Nikolaos Plastiras, which lasted for about a year, since 1952, when Nikolaos Plastiras submitted his resignation and new legislative elections were proclaimed by the King Paul I.


1951 Green Bay Packers season
The 1951 Green Bay Packers season was their 33rd season overall and their 31st season in the National Football League. The team finished with a 3–9 record under second-year coach Gene Ronzani for a fifth-place finish in the National Conference. The Packers lost the final seven games of the season.


1951 Green Bay Packers season
The Packers played their Milwaukee home games in Wisconsin State Fair Park for the final time, a venue they had used since 1934. Marquette Stadium was used for one season in 1952 and the new County Stadium was the host venue from 1953 through 1994.


1951 Green Bay Packers season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1951 Greenlandic Provincial Council election
Provincial Council elections were held in Greenland for the first time on 29 June 1951, alongside district council elections. Voter turnout was 73%.


1951 Greenlandic Provincial Council election, Background
The Provincial Council was created after the Danish Parliament passed a law on 27 May 1950. It replaced two provincial councils covering the north and south of the island, which had been indirectly elected.


1951 Greenlandic Provincial Council election, Electoral system
All Danish citizens over the age of 23 who had lived on the island for at least six months were eligible to vote or run for election. Candidates required nomination from 5-10 supporters. The 13 members of the Provincial Council were elected in single-member constituencies


1951 Greenlandic Provincial Council election, Electoral system
The election had to be re-run in two constituencies; in Upernavik icy conditions had prevented distribution of election materials, whilst a measles outbreak in Nanortalik meant that most voters were ill on election day.


1951 Greenlandic Provincial Council election, Aftermath
The Provincial Council met for the first time on 25 September 1951.


1951 Grenadian general election
General elections were held in Grenada on 10 October 1951. They were the first held with universal suffrage. Eric Gairy's Grenada Mental and Manual Workers Union won six of the eight seats. However, at this time the Legislative Council had few powers and the role of head of government remained with the Administrator.


1951 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team
The 1951 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team was an American football team that represented Hardin–Simmons University in the Border Conference during the 1951 college football season. In its eighth and final season under head coach Warren B. Woodson, the team compiled a 6–6 record (4–1 against conference opponents), tied for second place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a total of 272 to 216.


1951 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team
Four Hardin-Simmons players were named to the 1951 All-Border Conference football team: end Bill Cagle; halfback Frank Goode, quarterback Bob Hart, and offensive tackle Cush Holder.


1951 Harrow West by-election
The 1951 Harrow West by-election, was held on 21 April 1951 when the incumbent Conservative MP Norman Bower resigned. The seat was retained by the Conservative candidate Albert Braithwaite with a significantly increased majority and 72% of the votes cast.


1951 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1951 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University during the 1951 college football season. In their second year under head coach Lloyd Jordan, the Crimson compiled a 3–5–1 record and were outscored 266 to 143. Carroll M. Lowenstein and Warren D. Wylie were the team captains.


1951 Harvard Crimson football team
Harvard played its home games at Harvard Stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.


1951 Hawaii Rainbows football team
The 1951 Hawaii Rainbows football team represented the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa as an independent during the 1951 college football season. In their first season under head coach Archie Kodros, the Rainbows compiled a 4–7 record.


1951 Hawthorn Football Club season
The 1951 season was the Hawthorn Football Club's 27th season in the Victorian Football League and 50th overall.


1951 Hawthorn Football Club season, Fixture, Lightning Premiership
The lightning premiership was played between rounds 3 and 4.


1951 Hokkaido gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held on 30 April 1951 to elect the Governor of Hokkaido Prefecture.


1951 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
The 1951 Holy Cross Crusaders football team was an American football team that represented the College of the Holy Cross as an independent during the 1951 college football season. In its eighth year under head coach Eddie Anderson, the team compiled an 8–2 record. The team played its home games at Fitton Field in Worcester, Massachusetts.


1951 Houston Cougars football team
The 1951 Houston Cougars football team was an American football team that represented the University of Houston in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) during the 1951 college football season. In its fourth season under head coach Clyde Lee, the team compiled a 6–5 record, finished fourth in the MVC, and defeated Dayton in the 1952 Salad Bowl. Gene Shannon, John O'Hara, and Buck Miller were the team captains. The team played its home games at Rice Stadium in Houston.


1951 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1951 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State College during the 1951 college football season. Humboldt State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC).


1951 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1951 Lumberjacks were led by first-year head coach Phil Sarboe. They played home games at the Redwood Bowl in Arcata, California. Humboldt State finished with a record of four wins, three losses and one tie (4–3–1, 2–1 FWC). The Lumberjacks outscored their opponents 177–98 for the season. Under coach Sarboe, the 1951 season was a big turnaround for Humboldt State. They finished above .500, after not winning a game in either of the previous two seasons. Sarboe would coach the team for the next 15 years and only had one losing season.


1951 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team, Team players in the NFL
No Humboldt State players were selected in the 1952 NFL Draft.


1951 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1951 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Steyr, Austria under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the 2nd edition.


1951 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships, Note
Only two teams competed in the men's C1 team event.


1951 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1951 Ice Hockey World Championships was the 18th World Championship and the 29th European Championship in ice hockey for international teams. The tournament took place in France from 9th to 17 March and the games were played in the capital city, Paris. Thirteen nations took part, and were first split into two groups. The seven best teams were placed in the first group, and the six others were placed into the "Criterium Européen", which would later become the B Pool. Each group was played in a round robin format, with each team playing each other once.


1951 Ice Hockey World Championships
Canada, represented by the Lethbridge Maple Leafs, became world champions for the 14th time. Highest ranking European team Sweden finished second, winning their fifth European Championship, finishing ahead of the Swiss on goal differential by three.


1951 Ice Hockey World Championships
This tournament would be the last time France hosted the elite division of the World Championships until 2017, when Paris co-hosted the championship alongside Cologne in Germany.


1951 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1951 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1951 college football season. The Vandals were led by first-year head coach Raymond "Babe" Curfman and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. Home games were played on campus at Neale Stadium in Moscow, with one game in Boise at old Bronco Stadium at Boise Junior College and another at Memorial Stadium in Spokane, Washington.


1951 Idaho Vandals football team
Led on the field by quarterback Wayne Anderson and halfback Glen Christian, Idaho compiled a 2–7 overall record and lost all three games in the PCC.


1951 Idaho Vandals football team
The Vandals suffered a close loss in the Battle of the Palouse with heavily favored neighbor Washington State, falling 6–9 at Neale Stadium on November 10. The previous edition was also competitive, with a 7–7 tie in 1950 in Pullman, but the winless streak against the Cougars was up to 25 games, a record of 0–23–2 since taking three straight in 1923–25; Idaho finally won three years later in Pullman.


1951 Idaho Vandals football team
In the rivalry game with Montana at Missoula four weeks earlier, Idaho began an eight-game winning streak over the Grizzlies with a 12–9 win to regain the Little Brown Stein.


1951 Idaho Vandals football team
Prior to the season in late March, university president Jesse Buchanan requested and received the resignations of head coach Dixie Howell and two assistants, due to "lack of harmony" on the coaching staff. One of those assistants was Curfman, who was then asked by the administration to be the interim coach during the upcoming spring drills. He made a good impression and was re-hired as head coach in mid-April.


1951 Idaho Vandals football team, All-conference
No Vandals were on the All-Coast team; tackle Don Ringe was named to the second team. Honorable mention were end Jerry Ogle and guard Steve Douglas.


1951 Idaho Vandals football team, NFL Draft
One senior from the 1951 Vandals was selected in the 1952 NFL Draft:


1951 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1951 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1951 Big Ten Conference football season. In their 10th year under head coach Ray Eliot, the Illini compiled a 9–0–1 record, finished in first place in the Big Ten Conference, was ranked #4 in the final AP Poll, and defeated Stanford 40–7 in the 1952 Rose Bowl. The lone setback was a scoreless tie with Ohio State. Illinois defeated Stanford 40 to 7 in the 1952 Rose Bowl, the first nationally televised college football game. The team was named co-national champion by Boand, which split its selection with Georgia Tech.


1951 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
Al Brosky had an NCAA career record 29 interceptions, including an NCAA record 15-game streak covering the entire 1951 season. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1998.


1951 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
Halfback Johnny Karras was a consensus first-team pick on the 1951 College Football All-America Team. Linebacker Chuck Boerio was selected as the team's most valuable player.


1951 Indian general election in Madras
The 1951 Indian general election was the first democratic national election held in India after Independence, and the polls in Tamil Nadu were held for 62 seats. This state had the second largest number of seats, after Uttar Pradesh, because part of current Andhra Pradesh was part of the state of Madras. The result was a victory for Indian National Congress winning 35 out of the 75 seats. While the remaining seats were won by left and independent parties, opposed to Congress.


1951 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1951 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1951 Big Ten Conference football season. They participated as members of the Big Ten Conference. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Clyde B. Smith, in his fourth and final year as head coach of the Hoosiers. At the end of the season, Smith was fired and replaced by Bernie Crimmins.


1951 Indianapolis 500
The 35th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Wednesday, May 30, 1951. The event was part of the 1951 AAA National Championship Trail, and was also race 2 of 8 in the 1951 World Championship of Drivers. For the second year in a row, no European Formula One-based teams entered the race.


1951 Indianapolis 500
Duke Nalon, who had suffered serious burns in a crash in 1949, and who missed the 1950 race, made a comeback at Indy by winning the pole position in a Novi.


1951 Indianapolis 500
Heavy attrition saw only eight cars running at the finish. Winner Lee Wallard's car lost its brakes, suffered a damaged exhaust pipe, and broke a shock absorber mounting. In addition to the unbearably uncomfortable ride, Wallard had worn a fire retardant outfit, created by dipping his uniform in a mixture of borax crystals and water. Due to not wearing an undershirt, Wallard suffered serious chafing, and required treatment at the infield hospital after the victory lane celebration. It was estimated he lost 15 pounds during the race.


1951 Indianapolis 500
Wallard's winning car had the smallest displacement in the field. About a week after winning the race, Wallard suffered severe burns in a crash at Reading, which effectively ended his professional racing career.


1951 Indianapolis 500
Three-time winner Mauri Rose, in his 15th Indy start, crashed and flipped on lap 126. It was his final 500, as he retired from driving after the crash.


1951 Indianapolis 500, Time trials
Time trials were scheduled for six days. Rain, however, pushed qualifying into a seventh day.


1951 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
The race was carried live on the radio through a network arrangement set up by 1070 WIBC-AM of Indianapolis. Mutual, which had carried the race for several years, had raised its advertising rates for 1951, and lost its primary sponsor for the event, Perfect Circle Piston Rings. As a result, Mutual dropped the coverage altogether. Local station WIBC stepped in to cover the race, and provided its feed to various Mutual affiliates. A total of 26 stations carried the broadcast.


1951 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
WIBC personality Sid Collins served as booth announcer, and the remainder of the crew consisted mostly of WIBC talent. Jim Shelton reported from his familiar turn four location, and Collins interviewed the winner in victory lane. Like the Mutual broadcasts, WIBC featured live coverage of the start (30 minutes), the finish (30 minutes), and 15-minute live updates throughout the race.


1951 Indianapolis mayoral election
The Indianapolis mayoral election of 1951 took place on November 6, 1951 and saw the election of Republican municipal court judge Alex M. Clark as mayor, defeating Democratic incumbent Philip L. Bayt. Clark became one of the youngest mayors in Indianapolis' history.


1951 Indianapolis mayoral election, Results
Subsequent to losing the election, Bayt resigned as mayor one month before his term expired in order to accept an appointment as judge of Municipal Court 3.


1951 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1951 Individual Speedway World Championship was the sixth edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.


1951 Individual Speedway World Championship
Speedway riders from Sweden, Scotland and Republic of South Africa appeared in the World Championship for the first time. Australia's Jack Young became the first British second division rider to win the World Championship. Young won a run-off for the title with British rider Split Waterman and fellow Australian Jack Biggs after all three riders had finished on 12 points.


1951 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1951 World Final was held before a reported crowd of 93,000 at Wembley Stadium.


1951 Individual Speedway World Championship, World final, Classification
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance •  t - exclusion for touching the tapes •  x - other exclusion •  e - retired or mechanical failure •  f - fell •  ns - non-starter •  nc - non-classify


1951 International Cross Country Championships
The 1951 International Cross Country Championships was held in Caerleon, Wales, at the Caerleon Racecourse on 31 March 1951. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.


1951 International Cross Country Championships
Complete results, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1951 International Cross Country Championships, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 71 athletes from 8 countries.


1951 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1951 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1951 Big Ten Conference football season. This season was Leonard Raffensperger's last season as head coach.


1951 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1951 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State College of Agricultural and Mechanic Arts (later renamed Iowa State University) in the Big Seven Conference during the 1951 college football season. In their fifth year under head coach Abe Stuber, the Cyclones compiled a 4–4–1 record (2–4 against conference opponents), tied for fourth place in the conference, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 216 to 211. They played their home games at Clyde Williams Field in Ames, Iowa.


1951 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The team's regular starting lineup on offense consisted of left end Mal Schmidt, left tackle Jack Lessin, left guard Stan Campbell, center Rollie Arns, right guard Carl Brettschneider, right tackle Bob Mateson, right end Bob Voetberg, quarterback Dick Mann, left halfback Dick Cherpinsky, right halfback Frank Congiardo, and fullback Maury Schnell. Stan Campbell was the team captain.


1951 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The team's statistical leaders included Frank Congiardo with 315 rushing yards, Rich Mann with 1,296 passing yards, Mal Schmidt with 547 receiving yards, and Stan Cozzi with 36 points (six touchdowns) each. Three Iowa State players were selected as first-team all-conference players: Stan Campbell, Rich Mann, and Mal Schmidt.


1951 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1951 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during July and August with the final being held at Harold's Cross Stadium in Dublin on 17 August 1951.


1951 Irish Greyhound Derby
The winner Carmodys Tanist won a reduced prize of £500 and was trained by Dicky Myles and owned by Frances Chandler.


1951 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
A disappointing fact regarding the 1951 Derby was the reduction in prize money for the winner from £1,000 to just £500. The leading greyhound in Ireland at the time Champion Prince owned by Dan Maher was a notable absentee when the first round began. Trainer Tom Lynch steered three hounds through to the final; he had previously trained a runner-up in Down Signal and had been devastated at Imperial Dancer's exit the previous year. Lynch would later marry the sister of Gay McKenna.


1951 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
The first semi-final was won by Locht Seal from Miss Gemnei and Carmodys Tanist in 29.85, despite the fact that Sterope had led by three lengths in the home straight before suffering cramp and finishing last. The second semi-final saw Daring Prince beat Noble Greason and Dooneen Miss in 29.84. In the final Carmodys Tanist led all the way holding off Locht Seal, the other four runners found trouble at the first bend and were never in contention.


1951 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
Carmodys Tanist, a black dog, had been knocked out of the English Greyhound Derby in the second round when trained by Noreen Collin. His owner Mrs Frances Chandler then sent the greyhound to Dublin trainer Dickie Myles for the Irish Derby. At the presentation Frances was in Italy so her brother in law Ronnie Chandler accepted the trophy, Ronnie was the only member of the famous Chandler family to train greyhounds.


1951 Irish general election
The 1951 Irish general election was held on 30 May 1951 in 40 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 147 seats in the lower house of parliament, Dáil Éireann.


1951 Irish general election
This election was the first election since the declaration of the Republic of Ireland on 18 April 1949 under the terms of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948, which automatically forced Ireland's withdrawal from the British Commonwealth.


1951 Irish general election
The newly elected members of the 14th Dáil assembled at Leinster House on 13 June. Éamon de Valera was appointed Taoiseach and formed the 6th Government of Ireland, a single-party minority Fianna Fáil government.


1951 Irish general election, Campaign
The general election of 1951 was caused by a number of crises within the First Inter-Party Government, most notably the Mother and Child Scheme. While the whole affair – which saw the resignation of the Minister for Health, Noel Browne – was not entirely to blame for the collapse of the government, it added to the disagreement between the various political parties. There were other problems facing the country, such as rising prices and balance-of-payments problems. Two farmer TDs withdrew their support for the government because of rising milk prices.


1951 Irish general election, Campaign
Although the First Inter-Party Government was now coming to an end, it had a number of achievements. It proved that the country could be led by a group other than Fianna Fáil. It also provided a fresh perspective after sixteen years of government by that party.


1951 Irish general election, Campaign
The coalition parties fought the general election on their record on government over the previous three years, while Fianna Fáil argued strongly against coalition governments.


1951 Irish general election, Result
The election result was inconclusive. Fianna Fáil's support increased by 61,000 votes; however, the party only gained one extra seat. The coalition parties had mixed fortunes. Fine Gael were the big winners increasing to forty seats. The Labour Party had reunited in 1950, when the National Labour Party had merged back into the party but in spite of this the party lost seats. Clann na Poblachta was the big loser of the election. Three years earlier the party had been a big political threat but now the party was shattered.


1951 Irish general election, Result
Fianna Fáil did not enough seats to govern alone. However, the party was able to form a government with the support of Noel Browne, the sacked Minister for Health, and other Independent deputies.


1951 Israeli legislative election
Elections for the second Knesset were held in Israel on 30 July 1951. Voter turnout was 75.1%.


1951 Israeli legislative election, Aftermath
The second Knesset was highly unstable, with four separate governments, two different Prime Ministers and several defections; Rostam Bastuni, Avraham Berman and Moshe Sneh left Mapam and set up the Left Faction. Bastuni later returned to Mapam whilst Berman and Sneh joined Maki. Hannah Lamdan and David Livschitz also left Mapam, establishing the Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda before joining Mapai. Four other members left Mapam to found Ahdut HaAvoda – Poale Zion, but the move was not recognised by the Knesset speaker. During the Knesset term, Sephardim and Oriental Communities joined the General Zionists.


1951 Israeli legislative election, Aftermath
As with the first Knesset, the speaker was Yosef Sprinzak.


1951 Israeli legislative election, Aftermath, Third government
The second Knesset started with David Ben-Gurion forming the third government of Israel (the first Knesset had two governments) on 8 October 1951. His Mapai party formed a coalition with Mizrachi, Hapoel HaMizrachi, Agudat Yisrael, Agudat Yisrael Workers and the three Israeli Arab parties, the Democratic List for Israeli Arabs, Progress and Work and Agriculture and Development. Like the first Knesset, there were 15 ministers. The government resigned on 19 December 1952 due to a dispute with the religious parties over religious education.


1951 Israeli legislative election, Aftermath, Fourth government
Ben-Gurion formed the fourth government on 24 December 1952, dropping the ultra-orthodox parties (Agudat Yisrael and Agudat Yisrael Workers) and replacing them with the General Zionists and the Progressive Party. The new government had 16 ministers. Ben-Gurion resigned on 6 December 1953 as he wished to settle in the Negev kibbutz of Sde Boker.


1951 Israeli legislative election, Aftermath, Fifth government
Moshe Sharett formed the fifth government on 26 January 1954 with the same coalition partners and ministers. Sharett resigned on 29 June 1955, when the General Zionists refused to abstain from voting on a motion of no-confidence brought by Herut and Maki over the government's position on the trial of Malchiel Gruenwald, who had accused Rudolf Kastner of collaborating with the Nazis.


1951 Israeli legislative election, Aftermath, Sixth government
Sharett formed the sixth government on 29 June 1955, eliminating the General Zionists and the Progressive Party from the coalition and reducing the number of ministers to 12. The new government did not last long, as a general election was called for 26 July 1955.


1951 Israeli presidential election
An election for President of Israel was held in the Knesset on 19 November 1951 following the 1951 Knesset elections and the formation of the third government (at the time, the length of the president's term was linked to that of the Knesset). Despite his poor health, Weizmann stood again, and there were no opposing candidates. Although Weizmann was the only person to stand, a vote was still held. The result was 85 votes for, 11 against and three blank ballots. 21 MKs did not vote.


1951 Israeli presidential election
He was sworn in for his second term at his home in Rehovot on 25 November.


1951 Israeli presidential election
Weizmann died a year later, and an early election was held to choose the country's second president.


1951 Italian Grand Prix
The 1951 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 16 September 1951 at Monza. It was race 7 of 8 in the 1951 World Championship of Drivers.


1951 Italian Grand Prix, Report
Toulo de Graffenried returned to Alfa Romeo's four-car line up, in place of Paul Pietsch, having raced for Enrico Platé in France and Germany. He raced alongside the regular Alfa drivers, Fangio, Farina and Bonetto. The works Ferrari team retained the same four drivers from the race at the Nürburgring — Ascari, Villoresi, González and Taruffi — while Brazilian Chico Landi made his World Championship debut in a privately run Ferrari. The field was completed by works teams from BRM, Simca-Gordini and OSCA, as well as the usual Talbot-Lago entries.


1951 Italian Grand Prix, Report
The front row positions on the grid were shared equally between Alfa Romeo and Ferrari, with Fangio, Farina, Ascari and González posting the four fastest qualifying times. The second row consisted of the remaining works Ferraris of Villoresi and Taruffi, alongside Felice Bonetto. Reg Parnell, in a BRM, was also supposed to be on the second row, but was unable to start due to lubrication problems.


1951 Italian Grand Prix, Report
Fangio was the initial race leader, having started from pole position, but he soon had to cede the position to Ascari. He retook the lead on lap eight before pitting for a tyre change, which dropped him to fifth. Early retirements for Farina and de Graffenried left José Froilán González in second, behind his teammate Ascari. Fangio attempted to bridge the gap to the Ferraris, but engine problems eliminated his chances. The sole remaining Alfa driver, Nino Farina, who had taken over Bonetto's car on lap 30, inherited third place as a result of Fangio's retirement.


1951 Italian Grand Prix, Report
He was fast, but fuel leakages meant that he needed to make two further pitstops; he therefore had to settle for third. Alberto Ascari took his second, and Ferrari's third, consecutive Championship race victory, ahead of British Grand Prix winner González. The other works Ferraris of Villoresi and Taruffi completed the points positions in what was another successful race for the Scuderia.


1951 Italian Grand Prix, Report
Ascari's victory took him to within two points of Championship leader Fangio, while González was a further four points behind in third.


1951 Italian local elections
The 1951 Italian local elections were the first after the majoritarian regulatory reforms wanted by the government of Alcide De Gasperi. In 1951 there was also the democratic re-establishment of the provincial councils, after the provinces had been administered for six years by temporary deputies appointed by the prefects. However, different from the municipal legislation that had general validity, the new provincial legislation applied only in 79 provinces.


1951 Italian local elections
The first turn of elections was held on 27–28 May for 3,071 municipalities and 27 provinces, while the second turn was held on 10–11 June for 2,165 municipalities and 30 provinces.


1951 Italian local elections, Provincial elections
Overall results in 27 provinces in the elections of 27 and 28 May.


1951 Italian local elections, Provincial elections
Overall results in 30 provinces in the elections of 10 and 11 June.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election
Elections for the Constituent Assembly of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir  were held in September–October 1951. Sheikh Abdullah was appointed Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir. Following frictions with various groups, Abdullah was dismissed in August 1953 and imprisoned. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was appointed as the next Prime Minister.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, Background
The princely state of Jammu and Kashmir acceded to the Union of India on 26 October 1947. Shortly afterward, the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir appointed Sheikh Abdullah as the Head of Emergency Administration, who ran the affairs in the Kashmir Valley during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. Following the cease-fire achieved on 1 January 1948, Sheikh Abdullah was appointed as the Prime Minister of the state on 5 March 1948. He chose an eight-member Cabinet, with the other members being:


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, Background
The Jammu & Kashmir National Conference, the party of Sheikh Abdullah, announced on 27 October 1950 its decision to convene a Constituent Assembly for the state of Jammu and Kashmir.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, Background
Pakistan immediately raised a complaint in the United Nations Security Council stating that India was convening a Constituent Assembly to "ratify the formal accession of the State to India" in contravention of the Security Council resolutions. India reassured all parties that the decision of the Constituent Assembly would not affect India's commitments in the Security Council. The Security Council took note of the development in its 30 March 1951 resolution and reminded both the Indian and Pakistani governments of the past resolutions of the Security Council and affirmed that the decisions of the Constituent Assembly would not be binding.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, Background
On 30 April, the Prince Regent Karan Singh issued a proclamation announcing the elections for the Constituent Assembly based on the adult franchise by secret ballot. The elections took place in September–October 1951. The Constituent Assembly was to have a nominal membership of 100 members, of which 25 seats were allocated to Azad Kashmir under Pakistani control (which were never filled). Of the remaining 75 seats, Kashmir was allocated 43 seats,  Ladakh 2 seats, and Jammu 30 seats.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, The election
The elections were conducted by the State's election and franchise commissioner. The process of elections was highly irregular. All the 43 seats allocated to Kashmir went to the National Conference candidates, who were elected unopposed a week before the date of the elections. In Jammu, 13 candidates belonging to the Jammu Praja Parishad had their nominations rejected. Praja Parishad then boycotted the elections, alleging the Government's illegal practices and official interference. Two independent candidates dropped out at the last moment, giving a clean sweep to the National Conference. In Ladakh, the Head Lama, Kushak Bakula and an associate won seats, as nominal members of the National Conference.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, The election
Thus, the National Conference won all the 75 seats to the Constituent Assembly, which convened on 31 October 1951.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, The election
Scholar Sumantra Bose states that the manner of elections indicated that the National Conference elites wanted to govern Jammu and Kashmir as a party state. Their slogan was "One Leader, One Party, One Programme". Balraj Puri, journalist and secular activist from Jammu, is said to have argued with Jawaharlal Nehru that Ghulam Mohiuddin Karra's group in the Kashmir Valley should be allowed to function as an opposition group in the state. While Nehru agreed with the principle he stated that nothing should be done to weaken Sheikh Abdullah.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, The election
The Jammu Praja Parishad, having been denied opportunities for the democratic opposition, took to the streets. It demanded full integration of the state with India to ensure the "legitimate democratic rights of the people" against the "anti-Dogra government of Sheikh Abdullah". The conflict with the Praja Parishad eventually led to the termination of Sheikh Abdullah's rule.


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, Government formation
Sheikh Abdullah continued as the Prime Minister of the State. Two members of the erstwhile Cabinet from the Jammu province, Sardar Budh Singh and Pir Mohammad Khan were dropped. Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq stepped down from his Cabinet duties to serve as the Chairman of the Constituent Assembly. The remaining members of the Cabinet were:


1951 Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly election, Government formation
Later D. P. Dhar, Mubarak Shah, Major Piara Singh and Ghulam Mohiuddin Hamdani were appointed as Deputy Ministers.