1952 United States presidential election, Nominees, Democratic Party
With Truman's withdrawal, Kefauver became the front-runner for the nomination, and he won most of the primaries. Other primary winners were Senator Hubert Humphrey, who won his home state of Minnesota, while Senator Richard Russell Jr. from Georgia won the Florida primary and U.S. diplomat W. Averell Harriman won West Virginia. However, most states still chose their delegates to the Democratic Convention via state conventions, which meant that the party bosses – especially the mayors and governors of large Northern and Midwestern states and cities – were able to choose the Democratic nominee. These bosses (including Truman) strongly disliked Kefauver; his investigations of organized crime had revealed connections between Mafia figures and many of the big-city Democratic political organizations. The party bosses thus viewed Kefauver as a maverick who could not be trusted, and they refused to support him for the nomination.


1952 United States presidential election, Nominees, Democratic Party
Instead, with Truman taking the initiative, they began to search for other, more acceptable, candidates. However, most of the other candidates had a major weakness. Richard Russell had much Southern support, but his support of racial segregation and opposition to civil rights for Southern blacks led many liberal Northern and Midwestern delegates to reject him. Truman favored W. Averell Harriman of New York, but he had never held an elective office and was inexperienced in politics. Truman next turned to his vice-president, Alben W. Barkley, but at 74 he was rejected as being too old by labor union leaders. Other minor or favorite son candidates included Oklahoma Senator Robert S. Kerr, Governor Paul A. Dever of Massachusetts, Senator Hubert Humphrey from Minnesota, and Senator J. William Fulbright from Arkansas.


1952 United States presidential election, Nominees, Democratic Party
One candidate soon emerged who seemingly had few political weaknesses: Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois. The grandson of former vice-president Adlai E. Stevenson, he came from a distinguished family in Illinois and was well known as a gifted orator, intellectual, and political moderate. In the spring of 1952, Truman tried to convince Stevenson to take the presidential nomination, but Stevenson refused, stating that he wanted to run for re-election as Governor of Illinois. Yet Stevenson never completely took himself out of the race, and as the convention approached, many party bosses, as well as normally apolitical citizens, hoped that he could be "drafted" to run.


1952 United States presidential election, Nominees, Democratic Party, Democratic Convention
The 1952 Democratic National Convention was held in Chicago in the same coliseum the Republicans had gathered in several weeks earlier. Since the convention was being held in his home state, Governor Stevenson – who still proclaimed that he was not a presidential candidate – was asked to give the welcoming address to the delegates. He proceeded to give a witty and stirring address that led his supporters to begin a renewed round of efforts to nominate him, despite his protests.


1952 United States presidential election, Nominees, Democratic Party, Democratic Convention
After meeting with Jacob Arvey, the "boss" of the Illinois delegation, Stevenson finally agreed to enter his name as a candidate for the nomination. The party bosses from other large Northern and Midwestern states quickly joined in support. Kefauver led on the first ballot, but had far fewer votes than necessary to win. Stevenson gradually gained strength until he was nominated on the third ballot.


1952 United States presidential election, Nominees, Democratic Party, Democratic Convention
After the delegates nominated Stevenson, the convention then turned to selecting a vice-presidential nominee. After narrowing it down to Senators John Sparkman, and A. S. Mike Monroney, President Truman and a small group of political insiders chose Sparkman, a conservative and segregationist from Alabama, for the nomination. The convention largely complied and nominated Sparkman as Stevenson's running mate. He was chosen because of his Southern identity and conservative record; party leaders hoped this factor would create a balanced ticket.


1952 United States presidential election, Nominees, Democratic Party, Democratic Convention
Sparkman remained in the Senate until his retirement in 1978.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign issues
The Eisenhower campaign was one of the first presidential campaigns to make a major, concerted effort to win the female vote. Many of his radio and television commercials discussed topics such as education, inflation, ending the war in Korea, and other issues that were thought to appeal to women. The Eisenhower campaign made extensive use of female campaign workers. These workers made phone calls to likely Eisenhower voters, distributed "Ike" buttons and leaflets, and threw parties to build support for the GOP ticket in their neighborhoods. On election day, Eisenhower won a solid majority of the female vote.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign issues
Eisenhower campaigned by attacking "Korea, Communism, and Corruption"—that is, what the Republicans regarded as the failures of the outgoing Truman administration to deal with these issues. The Eisenhower campaign accused the administration of "neglecting Latin America" and thus "leading them into the arms of wily Communist agents waiting to exploit local misery and capitalize on any opening to communize the Americas." Charges that Soviet spies had infiltrated the government plagued the Truman Administration and also became a "major campaign issue" for Eisenhower. The Republicans blamed the Democrats for the military's failure to be fully prepared to fight in Korea; they accused the Democrats of harboring communist spies within the federal government; and they blasted the Truman Administration for the numbers of officials who had been accused of various crimes.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign issues
Stevenson hoped to exploit the rift between the conservative Taft Republicans and the moderate Eisenhower Republicans. In a speech in Baltimore, Stevenson said, "The GOP elephant has two heads nowadays, and I can't tell from day to day who's driving the poor beast, Senator Taft or the General. I doubt that America will entrust its future, its hopes, to the master of a house divided against itself."


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign issues
Stevenson, Truman, and other Democrats campaigning that fall also criticized Senator Joseph McCarthy and other right-wing Republicans for what they believed were reckless and unwarranted attacks and congressional investigations into leading government officials and public servants. In a Salt Lake City speech Stevenson stated that right-wing Republicans were "quick with accusations, with defamatory hints and whispering campaigns when they see a chance to scare or silence those with whom they disagree. Rudely, carelessly, they invade the field of thought, of conscience, which belongs to God, and not to Senators...


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign issues
McCarthy and men like him can say almost anything, and if my opponent's conscience permits, he can try to help all of them get reelected." Stevenson said that right-wing attacks on government officials such as General George Marshall, who had served Truman as Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense, reflected a "middle of the gutter approach" to politics. President Truman repeatedly criticized Senator McCarthy's character and temperament, and called on Eisenhower to repudiate him.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign issues
Stevenson ridiculed right-wing Republicans "who hunt Communists in the Bureau of Wildlife and Fisheries while hesitating to aid the gallant men and women who are resisting the real thing in the front lines of Europe and Asia... They are finally the men who seemingly believe that we can confound the Kremlin by frightening ourselves to death." In return, Senator McCarthy often jokingly confused the names Adlai and Alger, the first name of convicted Soviet spy Alger Hiss, by stating "Alger, I mean Adlai..." in his speeches. McCarthy, in response to Stevenson's criticisms, also stated during the campaign that he would like to get on the Stevenson campaign trail "with a club and make a good and loyal American" out of Stevenson.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign issues
Neither Stevenson nor Sparkman had been a part of the Truman administration and they largely ignored its record, preferring to hark back to the Roosevelt's New Deal achievements while warning of against a repetition of the Hoover depression. Historian Herbert Parmet says that although Stevenson:


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign
Many Democrats were particularly upset when Eisenhower, on a scheduled campaign swing through Wisconsin, decided not to give a speech he had written criticizing McCarthy's methods, and then allowed himself to be photographed shaking hands with McCarthy as if he supported him. Truman, formerly friends with Eisenhower, never forgot what he saw as a betrayal; he had previously thought Eisenhower would make a good president, but said, "he has betrayed almost everything I thought he stood for."


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Campaign
Eisenhower retained his enormous personal popularity from his leading role in World War II, and huge crowds turned out to see him around the nation. His campaign slogan, "I Like Ike," was one of the most popular in American history. Stevenson attracted the support of the young, emergent postwar intellectual class; however, Eisenhower was seen as more appealing to Main Street. Stevenson was ridiculed in some quarters as too effeminate to be president, the staunchly conservative New York Daily News called him "Adelaide" Stevenson, even though he had a reputation as a ladies' man (having been divorced in 1949 and remaining single throughout 1952).


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Nixon scandal and "Checkers speech"
A notable event of the 1952 campaign concerned a scandal that emerged when Richard Nixon, Eisenhower's running mate, was accused by several newspapers of receiving $18,000 in undeclared "gifts" from wealthy donors. In reality, contributions were by design only from early supporters and limited to $1,000, with full accountability. Nixon, who had been accusing the Democrats of hiding crooks, suddenly found himself on the defensive. Eisenhower and his aides considered dropping Nixon from the ticket and picking another running mate.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Nixon scandal and "Checkers speech"
Eisenhower, who barely knew Nixon, waffled and refused to comment on the incident. Nixon saved his political career, however, with a dramatic half-hour speech, the "Checkers speech," on live television. In this speech, Nixon denied the charges against him, gave a detailed account of his modest financial assets, and offered a glowing assessment of Eisenhower's candidacy. The highlight of the speech came when Nixon stated that a supporter had given his daughters a gift – a dog named "Checkers" – and that he would not return it, because his daughters loved it. The "Checkers speech" led hundreds of thousands of citizens nationwide to wire the Republican National Committee urging the Republican Party to keep Nixon on the ticket, and Eisenhower stayed with him.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Nixon scandal and "Checkers speech"
Despite the red-baiting of the right wing of the GOP, the campaign on the whole was conducted with a considerable degree of dignity and Stevenson was seen as reinvigorating a Democratic Party that had become exhausted after 20 years in power and refreshing its appeal with younger voters. He accused Eisenhower of silently tolerating Joseph McCarthy's excesses. Stevenson went before the American Legion, a bastion of hardline conservatism, and boldly declared that there was nothing patriotic or American about what Joseph McCarthy was doing.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Nixon scandal and "Checkers speech"
Even with the dignified nature of the campaign, the dislike between the two candidates was visible; Stevenson criticized Eisenhower's non-condemnation of McCarthy and use of television spots, and Eisenhower, while he had initially respected Stevenson, in time came to view him as simply another career politician, something he strongly disliked.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Television
The 1952 election campaign was the first one to make use of the new medium of television, in part thanks to the efforts of Rosser Reeves, the head of the Ted Bates Agency, a leading advertising firm. Reeves had initially proposed a series of radio spots to Thomas Dewey in the 1948 campaign, but Dewey considered them undignified, and Reeves maintained that Dewey might have won the election had he been slightly more open-minded.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Television
Studying Douglas MacArthur's keynote speech at the Republican convention in July, Reeves believed that the general's words were "powerful", but "unfocused" and "all over the map". Eisenhower's public speeches were even worse, he was unable to make his point to the voting public in a clear, intelligible manner. Reeves felt that Eisenhower needed to condense his message down to a few simple, easily digestible slogans.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Television
Eisenhower at first also fared poorly on television and had a difficult time appearing relaxed and at ease on camera. The TV lighting was not flattering and it made him look old and unattractive, in particular his forehead tended to glisten under the lights. Eisenhower became upset when CBS correspondent Dave Schoenbrun pointed this out and suggested he try altering his poses to make his forehead less noticeable and also apply makeup so it would not shine from the lighting. Eventually, he gave in and agreed to these modifications. Reeves also wanted Eisenhower to not wear his eyeglasses on camera in order to look younger, but he could not read the prompter board without them, so Reeves devised a large, handwritten signboard.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Television
Reeves's TV work, although pioneering, was the subject of considerable criticism on the grounds that he was attempting to sell a presidential candidate to the public in the same manner that one might sell a car or a brand of toothpaste. (Liberal journalist Marya Mannes mocked the approach with this ditty: "Eisenhower hits the spot/One full general, that's a lot/Feeling sluggish, feeling sick?/Take a dose of Ike and Dick!/Philip Morris, Lucky Strike/Alka Seltzer, I like Ike!")


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Television
For his part, Stevenson would have nothing to do with TV at all and condemned Eisenhower's use of the medium, calling it "selling the presidency like cereal". He himself made a point of the fact that he did not watch or even own a television, nor did many members of his inner circle.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Television
Both campaigns made use of television ads. A notable ad for Eisenhower was an issue-free, feel-good animated cartoon with a soundtrack song by Irving Berlin called "I Like Ike." For the first time, a presidential candidate's personal medical history was released publicly, as were partial versions of his financial histories, because of the issues raised in Nixon's speech. Near the end of the campaign, Eisenhower, in a major speech, announced that if he won the election he would go to Korea to see if he could end the war. His great military prestige, combined with the public's weariness with the conflict, gave Eisenhower the final boost he needed to win.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Television
Throughout the entire campaign, Eisenhower led in all opinion polls, and by wide margins in most of them.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Citizens for Eisenhower
To circumvent the local Republican Party apparatus mostly controlled by Taft supporters, the Eisenhower forces created a nationwide network of grass-roots clubs, "Citizens for Eisenhower." Independents and Democrats were welcome, as the group specialized in canvassing neighborhoods and holding small group meetings. Citizens for Eisenhower hoped to revitalize the GOP by expanding its activist ranks and by supporting moderate and internationalist policies. It did not endorse candidates other than Eisenhower. However Eisenhower paid it little attention after he won, and it failed to maintain its impressive starting momentum. Instead it energized the conservative Republicans, leading finally to the Barry Goldwater campaign of 1964. Long-time Republican activists viewed the newcomers with suspicion and hostility. More significantly, activism in support of Eisenhower did not translate into enthusiasm for the party cause.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Results
On election day, Eisenhower won a decisive victory, winning over 55% of the popular vote and carrying thirty-nine of the forty-eight states. Stevenson did not win a single state north of the Mason–Dixon line or west of Arkansas, whilst Eisenhower took three Southern states that the Republicans had won only once since Reconstruction: Virginia, Florida, and Texas.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Results
Despite the Republican win in Florida, this remains the last time to date a Democrat has won Collier County before southwestern Florida was turned into a growing Sun Belt Republican stronghold, and is also the last time a Democrat has won Aiken County, South Carolina, before the "Solid South" would collapse in the wake of the Civil Rights Movement. 1952 is also, however, the last time a Republican won Yolo County, California, or Native American Rolette County, North Dakota, and the last until Donald Trump in 2016 that the Republicans won Pacific County, Washington, or Swift County, Minnesota. This was the last time the Republicans won Missouri until 1968. It is also the last time that a Republican won the election without Kentucky. Stevenson's 700-vote win was the smallest percentage margin in any state since Woodrow Wilson won New Hampshire by fifty-six votes in 1916.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Results
This election was the first in which a computer (the UNIVAC I) was used to predict the results; it came within 3.5% of Eisenhower's popular vote tally, and four votes of his electoral vote total.


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Results
Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Close states
Election results in these states were within one percentage point (21 electoral votes):


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Close states
Election results in these states were within five percentage points (36 electoral votes):


1952 United States presidential election, General election, Close states
Election results in these states were between five and ten percentage points (140 electoral votes):


1952 United States presidential election in Alabama
The 1952 United States presidential election in Alabama took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Alabama voters chose eleven representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Alabama
Alabama was won by Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 64.55% of the popular vote, against Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 35.02% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Alabama
1952 marked the last time Montgomery and Jefferson counties would vote Democratic in a presidential election until 1996 and 2008 respectively, as both would become epicenters of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s.


1952 United States presidential election in Arizona
The 1952 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Arizona
Arizona was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with California Senator Richard Nixon, with 58.35% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Alabama Senator John Sparkman, with 41.65% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Arizona
With his win in the state, Eisenhower became the first Republican presidential candidate since Herbert Hoover in 1928 to win the state.


1952 United States presidential election in Arizona
This election would signal the beginning of a long Republican dominance in elections in Arizona, where Republicans won every single presidential election in the state save 1996, where there was a significant third party vote, and Republicans would hold at least one Senate seat, that would end in 2020, when Joe Biden won the state, and Arizona elected a second Democratic senator for the first time since this election.


1952 United States presidential election in Arkansas
The 1952 United States presidential election in Arkansas took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose eight representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Arkansas
Arkansas was won by Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 55.90% of the popular vote, against Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 43.76% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in California
The 1952 United States presidential election in California took place on November 4, 1952 as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose 32 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in California
California voted for the Republican nominee, former Allied Supreme Commander Dwight D. Eisenhower, in a landslide over the Democratic nominee, Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last time that Yolo County has voted Republican in a presidential election, the longest Republican drought for any county in the state.


1952 United States presidential election in California
This was the first presidential election in which any nominee received over a million votes in Los Angeles County.


1952 United States presidential election in Colorado
The 1952 United States presidential election in Colorado took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose six representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Colorado
Colorado was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 60.27% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 38.96% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Connecticut
The 1952 United States presidential election in Connecticut  took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose eight representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Connecticut
Connecticut voted for the Republican nominee, General Dwight D. Eisenhower of New York, over the Democratic nominee, former Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois. Eisenhower ran with Senator Richard Nixon of California, while Stevenson's running mate was Senator John Sparkman of Alabama.


1952 United States presidential election in Delaware
The 1952 United States presidential election in Delaware took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose three  representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Delaware
Delaware was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 51.75% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 47.88% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Florida
The 1952 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Florida voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Florida
Florida was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–Kansas), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 54.99% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 44.97% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Florida
In contrast to Herbert Hoover's anti-Catholicism-driven victory in the state in 1928, Eisenhower's victory was entirely concentrated in the newer and more liberal South Florida counties, which had seen extensive Northern settlement since the war, did not have a history of slave-based plantation farming, and saw Eisenhower as more favourable to business than the Democratic Party. Eisenhower swept the urban areas of Miami, Orlando, Fort Lauderdale, Sarasota and Tampa, but failed to gain much support in the northwestern pineywoods that had been the core of the 1928 "Hoovercrat" bolt.


1952 United States presidential election in Florida
In this region – inhabited by socially exceptionally conservative poor whites who had been voting in increasing numbers since Florida abolished its poll tax – Democratic loyalties dating from the Civil War remained extremely strong and economic populism hostile in general toward urban areas kept voters loyal to Stevenson. Whereas the urban voters who turned to Eisenhower felt wholly disfranchised both locally and nationally by the one-party system and malapportionment, rural poor voters supported the New Deal/Fair Deal status quo.


1952 United States presidential election in Florida
In contrast to the wholly Deep South states of Mississippi, Louisiana and South Carolina, where former Thurmond voters turned to Eisenhower, Florida – although akin to those states in entirely lacking traditional Appalachian, Ozark or German "Forty-Eighter" Republicanism – did not see its 1948 Dixiecrat voters or black belt whites turn over to Eisenhower on a large scale, and they were less loyal than in North Carolina, Texas and Virginia, where traditional Republicanism did exist.


1952 United States presidential election in Florida
As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Collier County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate.


1952 United States presidential election in Georgia
The 1952 United States presidential election in Georgia took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Georgia voters chose 12 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Georgia
Georgia was won by Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Alabama Senator John Sparkman, with 69.66% of the popular vote, against Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 30.34% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Idaho
The 1952 United States presidential election in Idaho took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Idaho
Idaho was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 65.42 percent of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 34.42 percent of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois
The 1952 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose 27 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois
Illinois was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–Kansas), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 54.84% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 44.94% of the popular vote. Despite Stevenson’s popularity as Governor of his home state, he would lose Illinois twice by double digits and even lose his home county (Cook) – which no Democrat since except George McGovern in 1972 has lost.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois
Eisenhower was the first Republican presidential candidate ever to carry Dixie-leaning Union County, which alongside his triumphs in Indiana’s Brown County and Dubois County meant that every antebellum free state county had as of 1952 voted for a Republican presidential candidate at least once.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Election information
The primaries and general elections coincided with those for congress and those for state offices.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Election information, Turnout
The total vote in the state-run primary elections (Democratic and Republican) was 1,872,435.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Election information, Turnout
Turnout during the general election was 84.49%, with 4,481,058 votes cast.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Primaries
Both major parties held non-binding state-run preferential primaries on April 8.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Primaries, Democratic
The 1952 Illinois Democratic presidential primary was held on April 8, 1952 in the U.S. state of Illinois as one of the Democratic Party's state primaries ahead of the 1952 presidential election.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Primaries, Democratic
The popular vote was a non-binding "beauty contest". Delegates were instead elected by direct votes by congressional district on delegate candidates.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Primaries, Democratic
Estes Kefauver, the only declared candidate included in the Illinois primary, won in a landslide.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Primaries, Democratic
Incumbent president Harry S. Truman had already declared he would not be seeking reelection.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Primaries, Democratic
Adlai Stevenson II, the Governor of Illinois, was not a declared candidate at the time of the primary, and was, in fact, on the same day, running for renomination as Governor of Illinois. He would only become a candidate after being drafted at the Democratic National Convention. Nonetheless, he placed second in the Illinois primary.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Primaries, Republican
The 1952 Illinois Republican presidential primary was held on April 8, 1952 in the U.S. state of Illinois as one of the Republican Party's state primaries ahead of the 1952 presidential election.


1952 United States presidential election in Illinois, Primaries, Republican
The preference vote was a "beauty contest". Delegates were instead selected by direct-vote in each congressional districts on delegate candidates.


1952 United States presidential election in Indiana
The 1952 United States presidential election in Indiana took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose 13 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Indiana
Indiana was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 58.11% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 40.99% of the popular vote. Eisenhower was the first Republican presidential candidate ever to carry German Catholic Brown County and Dubois County, which alongside his triumph in Illinois’ Union County meant that every antebellum free state county had as of 1952 voted for a Republican presidential candidate at least once. This is also the last election until 2020 that Vigo County voted for the losing candidate.


1952 United States presidential election in Iowa
The 1952 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Iowa voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Iowa
Iowa was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 63.75% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 35.59% of the popular vote. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last of only two presidential elections – alongside Warren G. Harding’s triumph in 1920 – in which a candidate won every county in Iowa.


1952 United States presidential election in Kansas
The 1952 United States presidential election in Kansas took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose eight representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Kansas
Kansas was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 68.77% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 30.50% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Kansas
Kansas is reliably Republican, with the party's nominee losing the state only three times since 1920. That fact, combined with Eisenhower's boyhood home of Abilene, the seat of Dickinson County, made the results from the Sunflower State among the least surprising of the 1952 election.


1952 United States presidential election in Kansas
With 68.77% of the popular vote, Kansas would prove to be Eisenhower's fifth strongest state after Vermont, North Dakota, South Dakota and Nebraska.


1952 United States presidential election in Kentucky
The 1952 United States presidential election in Kentucky took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Kentucky voters chose 10 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Kentucky
Kentucky was won by Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 49.91 percent of the popular vote, against Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 49.84 percent of the popular vote. The race in Kentucky was the closest in the nation, with the candidates separated by a mere 700 votes, or 0.07 percent of the vote, and in fact was the closest presidential election in any state since New Hampshire was won by Woodrow Wilson by fifty-six votes in 1916.


1952 United States presidential election in Kentucky
As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Kentucky did not vote the same as neighboring Tennessee. This was also the last time the Republicans won the presidency without carrying Kentucky.


1952 United States presidential election in Louisiana
The 1952 United States presidential election in Louisiana took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose 10 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Louisiana
Louisiana was won by Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 52.92% of the popular vote, against Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 47.08% of the popular vote. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Ouachita Parish, Union Parish, and LaSalle Parish voted for a Democratic presidential candidate. This is the most recent election in which the official Democratic candidate would carry the state without winning the Presidency (although it would be 1968 when the Republican candidate would last win the Presidency without carrying Louisiana).


1952 United States presidential election in Maine
The 1952 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose five representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Maine
Maine overwhelmingly voted for the Republican nominee, General Dwight D. Eisenhower of New York, over the Democratic nominee, former Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois. Eisenhower ran with Senator Richard Nixon of California, while Stevenson's running mate was Senator John Sparkman of Alabama.


1952 United States presidential election in Maryland
The 1952 United States presidential election in Maryland took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose nine representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Maryland
Maryland was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 55.36% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 43.83% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
The 1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election, which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose 16  representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
Massachusetts voted for the Republican nominee, General Dwight D. Eisenhower of New York, over the Democratic nominee, former Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois. Eisenhower ran with the Senator Richard Nixon of California, while Stevenson's running mate was Senator John Sparkman of Alabama.


1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
Eisenhower carried the state with 54.22% of the vote to Stevenson’s 45.46%, a Republican victory margin of 8.76%.


1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
As Eisenhower won a comfortable victory nationwide, Massachusetts still weighed in for this election as about 2% more Democratic than the national average.


1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
Once a typical Yankee Republican bastion in the wake of the Civil War, Massachusetts, had been a Democratic-leaning state since 1928, when a coalition of Irish Catholic and other ethnic immigrant voters primarily based in urban areas turned Massachusetts and neighboring Rhode Island into New England's only reliably Democratic states. Massachusetts voted for Al Smith in 1928, for Franklin D. Roosevelt four times in the 1930s and 1940s, and for Harry S. Truman in 1948. However General Dwight Eisenhower, a war hero and moderate Republican who pledged to support and continue popular New Deal Democratic policies, was finally able to appeal to a broad enough coalition both to win back the White House and to flip Massachusetts back into the Republican column.


1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
Eisenhower carried 13 of the state’s 14 counties, Stevenson’s only victory coming from urban Suffolk County, home to the state’s capital and largest city, Boston.


1952 United States presidential election in Michigan
The 1952 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose 20 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Michigan
Michigan was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (Republican–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 55.44% of the popular vote, against Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson (Democratic), running with Alabama Senator John Sparkman, with 43.97% of the popular vote, making Michigan slightly more Republican than the nation-at-large.


1952 United States presidential election in Minnesota
The 1952 United States presidential election in Minnesota took place on November 4, 1952 as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose 11 electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Minnesota
Minnesota was won by the Republican candidate, former Supreme Allied Commander Europe General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower won the state over Illinois governor Adlai Stevenson by a margin of 154,753 votes, or 11.22%. Eisenhower went on to win the election nationally, with 442 electoral votes and a commanding 10.9% lead over Stevenson in the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Minnesota
Incumbent President Harry S. Truman was the last President who was unaffected by the term limit imposed under the 22nd Amendment, but decided as early as 1950 that he would not seek another term. Eisenhower was the first Republican presidential nominee to win Minnesota (which had otherwise normally been a Democratic stronghold) since the Stock Market Crash of 1929 and the first Republican elected to the presidency and to win Minnesota since Herbert Hoover did so in 1928. Until the 2016 presidential election, this was the last time that the state was more Republican than the national average. This was also the last time Swift County voted Republican until 2016. To this date, this is the last election in which a Republican presidential candidate won Minnesota by double digits, as well as the last time a non-incumbent Republican won Minnesota.


1952 United States presidential election in Minnesota
On March 18, 1952, Minnesota held a presidential primary for the first time since 1916.


1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi
The 1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the United States presidential election of 1952.


1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi
The Democratic Party candidate, Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois, won the state of Mississippi over Dwight D. Eisenhower, the former Supreme Allied Commander Europe and General of the Army by a margin of 59,600 votes, or 20.88%. Eisenhower went on to win the election nationally, with 442 electoral votes and a commanding 10.9% lead over Stevenson in the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi
Incumbent President Harry S. Truman was the last President who was unaffected by the term limit imposed under the 22nd Amendment, but decided as early as 1950 that he would not seek another term. Illinois governor Adlai Stevenson II, grandson of former Vice President Adlai Stevenson I, accepted the Democratic nomination for president in Truman’s place, selecting Alabama Senator John Sparkman, a Southern Democrat, as his running mate.


1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi, Analysis
Mississippi in this time period was a one-party state dominated by the Democratic Party. The Republican Party was virtually nonexistent as a result of disenfranchisement among poor whites and African Americans, including voter intimidation against those who refused to vote Democrat. The 1948 election split the National Democratic Party and segregationist Democrats over the issue of civil rights for African Americans. In the 1952 election, Stevenson, a moderate on race issues, selected the segregationist Senator Sparkman as his running mate to avoid another split in the Democratic vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi, Analysis, Vote
The Stevenson-Sparkman ticket carried Mississippi and its eight electoral votes in a landslide against the Eisenhower-Nixon ticket with 60.44% of the popular vote, amounting to a total of 172,566 votes. These results, however, were the weakest for a state Democrat since the 1872 election when the state remained occupied by Union troops and Republican Ulysses S. Grant carried the state. It represented a large swing for the Republicans from 1948, when Thomas E. Dewey won only 2.62% of the vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi, Analysis, Vote
Stevenson carried 67 of Mississippi’s 82 counties, running up huge margins in the northeastern corner and rural areas of the state. Eisenhower, whose Mississippi electors were “Independent”, carried fifteen counties, the first time a national Republican had carried any since Herbert Hoover in 1928 carried Pearl River County, George County and Stone County, and only the second since Benjamin Harrison in 1888. His main base of support came from the western counties along the Mississippi River, which had a high concentration of nonvoting African Americans, including Hinds County, home to the state capital Jackson. Three counties – Sharkey, Forrest, and Lowndes – gave Eisenhower over sixty percent of the vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi, Analysis, Vote
In contrast, the northeastern hills, which had given President Truman his highest proportion in 1948, along with the southeastern pineywoods both voted solidly for Stevenson, although not by the margins pre-1948 Democrats ran up throughout Mississippi. Whereas Delta whites had permanently estranged themselves from the Democratic Party over issues of economics and race, Hills and Pine Belt counties, much more economically populist although even more socially conservative, had not shared much in the Dixiecrat upheaval despite all giving majorities to “Democrat” Strom Thurmond in 1948. The divide between traditional Democrat Stevenson and the independent electors pledged to Eisenhower was closely related to the cleavage between “Delta” and “Hills” seen in Democratic white primaries during the first half of the twentieth century.


1952 United States presidential election in Mississippi, Analysis, Vote
1952 began to show signs of the impending collapse of Democratic dominance in Mississippi and the rest of the South. The percentage of victory for the Democratic candidate would decline in the next two subsequent elections, ultimately paving the way for Barry Goldwater’s victory in Mississippi and the Deep South in 1964.


1952 United States presidential election in Missouri
The 1952 United States presidential election in Missouri took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose 13 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Missouri
Missouri was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 50.71% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 49.14% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Missouri
Missouri was the only state that Eisenhower won in 1952 that would flip to Stevenson four years later.


1952 United States presidential election in Montana
The 1952 United States presidential election in Montana took place on November 4, 1952 as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Montana
Montana voted overwhelmingly for the Republican nominee, war hero General Dwight D. Eisenhower, over the Democratic nominee, Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson. Eisenhower won Montana by a landslide margin of 19.32%, carrying all counties except four in the mining areas and on the northern border.


1952 United States presidential election in Nebraska
The 1952 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose six representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Nebraska
Nebraska was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 69.15% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 30.85% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Nebraska
With 69.15% of the popular vote, Nebraska would be Eisenhower's fourth strongest state after Vermont, North Dakota and South Dakota


1952 United States presidential election in Nevada
The 1952 United States presidential election in Nevada took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose three representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Nevada
Nevada was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 61.45% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 38.55% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
The 1952 United States presidential election in New Hampshire took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election, which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
New Hampshire was won by the Republican nominees, General Dwight D. Eisenhower of New York and his running mate Senator Richard Nixon of California. Eisenhower and Nixon defeated the Democratic nominees, former Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois and his running mate Senator John Sparkman of Alabama.


1952 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
Eisenhower took 60.92% of the vote to Stevenson's 39.08%, a margin of 21.84%.


1952 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
Eisenhower, a war hero and moderate Republican who had pledged to maintain popular New Deal Democratic policies, had wide appeal beyond the boundaries of the traditional Republican coalition. New Hampshire had been narrowly carried by Democrat Franklin Roosevelt three out of four times, although the state narrowly reverted to the GOP in 1948. However Eisenhower's unique personal appeal brought the state decisively back into the Republican column in 1952.


1952 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
Since Franklin Roosevelt won them in 1932, the counties of Hillsborough County, Strafford County, and Coos County had become reliable New Deal Democratic base counties, voting for Roosevelt all four times as well as for Harry S. Truman. However Eisenhower in 1952 won back Strafford County and Coos County for the GOP, although Stevenson won a majority in Hillsborough County, home to Manchester and Nashua, which had been a reliable Democratic bastion since voting for Democrat Al Smith in 1928.


1952 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
Carroll County had long been the most Republican county in New Hampshire, voting 60% against FDR all four times and over 70% for Thomas E. Dewey in 1948. Eisenhower would receive over 80% of vote in the county in 1952.


1952 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
As Eisenhower won a decisive election victory nationally, New Hampshire's results would make the state almost 11% more Republican than the national average.


1952 United States presidential election in New Jersey
The 1952 United States presidential election in New Jersey took place on November 4, 1952. All contemporary 48 states were part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose 16 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in New Jersey
New Jersey was won by the Republican nominees, General Dwight D. Eisenhower of New York and his running mate Senator Richard Nixon of California. Eisenhower and Nixon defeated the Democratic nominees, former Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois and his running mate Senator John Sparkman of Alabama.


1952 United States presidential election in New Jersey
Eisenhower carried New Jersey with 56.81% of the vote to Stevenson's 41.99%, a margin of 14.83%.


1952 United States presidential election in New Jersey
Eisenhower won 18 of the state's 21 counties, breaking 60% of the vote in 9 of them, and even breaking 70% in 3 of those. Stevenson for his part carried 3 urban counties; he won with majorities in Mercer County and Camden County, and won with a plurality in Hudson County.


1952 United States presidential election in New Jersey
Eisenhower ultimately won election to the White House in 1952 as a war hero, a political outsider, and a moderate Republican who pledged to protect and support popular New Deal Democratic policies, finally ending 20 years of Democratic control of the White House.


1952 United States presidential election in New Jersey
New Jersey in this era was usually a swing state with a slight Republican lean, and its results in 1952 adhered to that pattern. Democrat Franklin Roosevelt had won New Jersey in all 4 of his decisive nationwide victories in the 1930s and 1940s, but with the exception of his 1936 landslide, always by very narrow margins. In 1948, New Jersey had been narrowly won by Republican Thomas E. Dewey, even as he lost the election nationally. With Eisenhower's personal popularity propelling him to a decisive nationwide victory in 1952, New Jersey easily remained in the Republican column, its results making it about 4% more Republican than the national average.


1952 United States presidential election in New Mexico
The 1952 United States presidential election in New Mexico took place on November 4, 1952. All 48 States were part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College, which voted for President and Vice President.


1952 United States presidential election in New Mexico
New Mexico was won by World War II hero and supreme allied commander Dwight D. Eisenhower by a wide 11 percentage point margin. Running against Eisenhower was Governor of Illinois Adlai Stevenson, who carried only the majority of the American South during his two runs for the presidency. This was the tenth consecutive U.S. Presidential Election which New Mexico participated in.


1952 United States presidential election in New York
The 1952 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4, 1952. All contemporary 48 states were part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose 45 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in New York
New York was won by former Supreme Allied Commander and World War II hero, Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was running against Democratic Governor of Illinois Adlai Stevenson. Eisenhower ran with California Senator Richard Nixon as Vice President, and Stevenson ran with Alabama Senator John Sparkman.


1952 United States presidential election in New York
Eisenhower carried New York with 55.45% of the vote to Stevenson's 43.55%, a victory margin of 11.90%.


1952 United States presidential election in New York
New York weighed in for this election as 1% more Republican than the national average.


1952 United States presidential election in New York
The presidential election of 1952 was a very partisan election for New York, with 99% of the electorate casting votes for either the Republican Party or the Democratic Party. Eisenhower proved to be very popular in many of the Northern and Mid-West States, and took nearly every county in the State of New York, with the exception of a handful of counties conglomerate with New York City. The only counties in the state to vote for Stevenson were the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and the Bronx, allowing Stevenson to win New York City overall.


1952 United States presidential election in New York
Eisenhower ultimately won election to the White House in 1952 as a war hero, a political outsider, and a moderate Republican who pledged to protect and support popular New Deal Democratic policies, ending twenty years of Democratic control of the White House.


1952 United States presidential election in New York
Eisenhower won the election in New York (his home state in the election) by a decisive 12 point margin. National turnout for the presidential election of 1952 is evident of the contemporary, lingering Democratic stronghold in the Deep South, which was the only region to vote primarily for Stevenson. Eisenhower was the first presidential candidate in United States history (and largely, globally as well) who targeted a large portion of his campaign to women voters. Dwindling popularity for the administration of Truman during the months following the conflict in Korea, and coupled with the relatively progressive agenda and campaign strategy laid down by the Republican Party, contributed to Eisenhower's powerful rise across the country.


1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina
The 1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. North Carolina voters chose 14 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina, Background
As a former Confederate state, North Carolina had a history of Jim Crow laws, disfranchisement of its African-American population and dominance of the Democratic Party in state politics. However, unlike the Deep South, the Republican Party had sufficient historic Unionist white support from the mountains and northwestern Piedmont to gain one-third of the statewide vote total in most general elections, where turnout was higher than elsewhere in the former Confederacy due substantially to the state's early abolition of the poll tax in 1920.


1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina, Background
Like Virginia, Tennessee and Oklahoma, the relative strength of Republican opposition meant that North Carolina did not have statewide white primaries, although certain counties did use the white primary. This persistent local Republican threat from mountain Unionist descendants meant that there was never any question of the state Democratic party bolting to support Strom Thurmond. Additionally, the greatest support for Thurmond was found in middle- and upper-class urban areas of the Piedmont, so that the best Dixiecrat counties correlated strongly with the largest urban areas.


1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina, Background
During Truman's second term, there was little satisfaction in North Carolina with the President, due to unresolved Civil Rights struggles, strikes, and evidence of corruption in the Democratic Party. At the beginning of the presidential campaign, though, there was no indication that the state would not back new Democratic nominee Adlai Stevenson, and all state Democrats endorsed him.


1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina, Background
Stevenson began his campaign in the Tar Heel State in late July, but did not return to the state as it was felt by September that Republican nominee and Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower had less chance than in Florida, Texas or the Dixiecrat states of Louisiana and South Carolina. Stevenson was helped by the fact that, much more than in other Southern States, North Carolina's press largely endorsed him over Eisenhower, although in mid-October one of the two largest papers was endorsing the Republican. Nonetheless, polls ten days before the election suggested Stevenson was very likely to carry the state due to the party loyalty created by viable mountain and northwest Piedmont Republican opposition.


1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina, Vote
Because the Black Belt of the state, unlike the economically conservative Black Belts of the Deep South, was economically more liberal than the Piedmont region where the establishment Democratic faction led since 1929 by O. Max Gardner was based, its entirely white electorate stayed exceedingly loyal to Stevenson – much more so than the Black Belts of other Outer South states.


1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina, Vote
This Democratic loyalty extended to the Outer Banks, which had been a center of anti-Catholic voting when Herbert Hoover carried the state in 1928, so that apart from a seven-vote win in Brunswick County, every county Eisenhower carried was in the urban Piedmont or traditionally GOP mountains. Thus, unlike Texas, Florida and Virginia, urban middle-class Republican voting was inadequate to carry the state for Eisenhower.


1952 United States presidential election in North Carolina, Vote
North Carolina was ultimately won by Governor Stevenson with 53.91 percent of the popular vote, against Eisenhower with 46.09 percent of the popular vote. Stevenson ran with Alabama Senator John Sparkman and Eisenhower with California Senator Richard Nixon.


1952 United States presidential election in North Dakota
The 1952 United States presidential election in North Dakota took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in North Dakota
North Dakota was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with California Senator Richard Nixon, with 70.97 percent of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Alabama Senator John Sparkman, with 28.39 percent of the popular vote. As of 2020, this is the last election in which a presidential candidate carried all of the counties in the state; Rolette County has not voted for a Republican presidential candidate since.


1952 United States presidential election in North Dakota
With 70.97 percent of the popular vote, North Dakota was Eisenhower's second strongest state after Vermont.


1952 United States presidential election in Ohio
The 1952 United States presidential election in Ohio took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose 25 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Ohio
Ohio was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 56.76% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 43.24% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
The 1952 United States presidential election in Oklahoma took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose eight electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
Oklahoma was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 54.59 percent of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 45.41 percent of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
The electors selected were Jesse Berry of Chandler, J. Kelsey McClure of Oklahoma City, George E. Nobles of Checotah, David G. Reed of Carnagie, Blanche Kay Young and Mary F. Lawson of Oklahoma City, Arch Stout of Wewoka and Earl E. Ridle of Andarko according to The Daily Ardmoreite article of Dec 13th 1952. All voted, as pledged, for Eisenhower and Nixon.


1952 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
With his win, Eisenhower became the first Republican presidential candidate since Herbert Hoover in 1928 to win the state.


1952 United States presidential election in Oregon
The 1952 United States presidential election in Oregon took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose six representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Oregon
Oregon was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with California Senator Richard Nixon, with 60.54% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Alabama Senator John Sparkman, with 38.93% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania
The 1952 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania took place on November 4, 1952 as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose 32 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania voted for the Republican nominee, war hero General Dwight D. Eisenhower, over the Democratic nominee, Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson. Eisenhower won Pennsylvania by a margin of 5.89%.


1952 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania
Despite Thomas Dewey's relatively strong showing in Philadelphia County in 1948, Eisenhower became the first Republican ever to win the White House without carrying Philadelphia County, which had been a Republican stronghold prior to the New Deal.


1952 United States presidential election in Rhode Island
The 1952 United States presidential election in Rhode Island took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Rhode Island
Rhode Island voted for the Republican nominee, General Dwight D. Eisenhower of New York, over the Democratic nominee, former Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois. Eisenhower ran with Senator Richard Nixon of California, while Stevenson's running mate was Senator John Sparkman of Alabama.


1952 United States presidential election in Rhode Island
Eisenhower won Rhode Island by a very narrow margin of 1.85%. As a result of this, he became the first Republican candidate since Calvin Coolidge in 1924 to win the state.


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina
The 1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. South Carolina voters chose 8 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina, Background
For six decades up to 1950, South Carolina had been a one-party state dominated by the Democratic Party. The Republican Party had been moribund due to the disfranchisement of blacks and the complete absence of other support bases as the Palmetto State completely lacked upland or German refugee whites opposed to secession. Between 1900 and 1948, no Republican presidential candidate ever obtained more than seven percent of the total presidential vote – a vote which in 1924 reached as low as 6.6% of the total voting-age population (or approximately 15% of the voting-age white population).


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina, Background
This absolute loyalty began to break down during World War II when Vice-Presidents Henry A. Wallace and Harry Truman began to realize that a legacy of discrimination against blacks was a threat to the United States' image abroad and its ability to win the Cold War against the radically egalitarian rhetoric of Communism. In the 1948 presidential election, Truman was backed by only 24% of South Carolina's limited electorate – most of that from the relatively few upcountry poor whites able to meet rigorous voting requirements – and state Governor Strom Thurmond won 71%, carrying every county except Anderson and Spartanburg.


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina, Background, Sweeping changes in electorate
Between the 1948 and 1952 presidential elections, South Carolina's electorate saw the most radical changes in any state since Reconstruction and "Redemption" had expanded and then contracted the electorates of all former Confederate states. The state became the last to fully adopt the secret ballot, whose absence had allowed intimidation of those who refused to vote Democratic in general elections, and it also fully abolished the poll tax that had further restricted white turnout in presidential elections. There was also some expansion of black voter registration, though as in all areas of the South east of the Mississippi River this was largely an urban phenomenon.


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina, Background, Continuing sentiment against national Democrats
Despite Truman announcing as early as May 1950 that he would not run again for President in 1952, it had already become clear that South Carolina's rulers remained severely disenchanted with the national Democratic Party. Originally it was planned that Eisenhower would run on an independent ticket with former state Governor James F. Byrnes, who regained his Senate seat in the 1950 primary, with the ultimate goal of the entire South controlling national politics as an unpledged electoral slate.


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina, Background, Continuing sentiment against national Democrats
Despite some criticism of his policies, Byrnes created an organization named "Independents for Eisenhower" which was aimed at allowing white Southerners to leave the Democratic Party without embracing the still-feared "Party of Lincoln". These would join with a small number of remnant Republicans to form a fusion slate for Eisenhower – who by the time this plan was developed in September had already won the Republican nomination. In addition to Byrnes, Dixiecrat candidate Thurmond also endorsed Eisenhower, foreshadowing his switch to the Republican Party to support the much more conservative Barry Goldwater a dozen years later.


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina, Background, Continuing sentiment against national Democrats
Further sentiment against the national Democratic Party resulted from fears that the Supreme Court would – as it did in the legendary Brown v. Board of Education case a year and a half after the election – rule South Carolina's de jure segregated school system a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment.


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina, Vote
From the time Eisenhower announced he would run on an independent slate nominated by the many dissident Democrats, he gained substantial support, most especially in the small black-majority rural counties where only whites voted. However, polls always had Stevenson staying ahead of Eisenhower, and in the end he carried the state by a small majority of 5,000 votes. Stevenson's victory was largely due to his ability to maintain two- and three-to-one majorities in the poor white upcountry counties that had given substantial opposition to Thurmond, along with a substantial majority of the 20,000 or so blacks who are believed to have voted.


1952 United States presidential election in South Carolina, Vote
The Palmetto State was ultimately won by Stevenson and running mate Alabama Senator John Sparkman, with 50.72% of the popular vote, against Columbia University President Eisenhower (R–New York) and California Senator Richard Nixon, with 49.28% of the popular vote. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Aiken County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate.


1952 United States presidential election in South Dakota
The 1952 United States presidential election in South Dakota took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in South Dakota
South Dakota was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with California Senator Richard Nixon, with 69.27 percent of the popular vote, against Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson II (D), running with Alabama Senator John Sparkman, with 30.73 percent of the popular vote. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Oglala Lakota County, known until 2014 as Shannon County and home to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, voted for a Republican presidential candidate.


1952 United States presidential election in South Dakota
With 69.27% of the popular vote, South Dakota would be Eisenhower's third strongest state after Vermont and neighboring North Dakota.


1952 United States presidential election in Tennessee
The 1952 United States presidential election in Tennessee took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Tennessee voters chose 11 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Tennessee
Tennessee was won by former Supreme Allied Commander Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–Kansas), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 49.99% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 49.71% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Texas
The 1952 United States presidential election in Texas was held on November 4, 1952. It was part of the 1952 United States presidential election held throughout all contemporary forty-eight states. Voters chose twenty-four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Texas
The Republican Party candidate, former General of the Army and Supreme Allied Commander Europe Dwight D. Eisenhower, won his birth state Texas with 53% of the vote against Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson, carrying the state's 24 electoral votes. Despite losing most southern and eastern areas of the state to Stevenson, Eisenhower managed to carry Texas by a margin of 6.44 points.


1952 United States presidential election in Texas
Eisenhower's victory in the state made him only the second Republican to carry the state during a presidential election, with the first Republican candidate being Herbert Hoover back in 1928, along with being the first presidential candidate to win over a million votes in Texas. Eisenhower nonetheless did lose Grayson County, the home of his birthplace, Denison.


1952 United States presidential election in Utah
The 1952 United States presidential election in Utah took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice-President.


1952 United States presidential election in Utah
Utah was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 58.93 percent of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 41.07 percent of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Vermont
The 1952 United States presidential election in Vermont  took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose three representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for the president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Vermont
Vermont voted overwhelmingly for the Republican nominee, General Dwight D. Eisenhower of New York, over the Democratic nominee, former Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois. Eisenhower ran with Senator Richard Nixon of California, while Stevenson's running mate was Senator John Sparkman of Alabama.


1952 United States presidential election in Vermont
Eisenhower took a landslide 71.45% of the vote to Stevenson’s 28.23%, a victory margin of 43.22%.


1952 United States presidential election in Vermont
Vermont historically was a bastion of liberal Northeastern Republicanism, and by 1952 the Green Mountain State had gone Republican in every presidential election since the founding of the Republican Party. From 1856 to 1948, Vermont had had the longest streak of voting Republican of any state, having never voted Democratic before, and this tradition easily continued in 1952 with Eisenhower’s landslide win.


1952 United States presidential election in Vermont
Even as Eisenhower won a comfortable victory nationally, Vermont weighed in as a whopping 32% more Republican than the national average and with 71.45% of the popular vote, this made the Green Mountain State the most Republican in the union in the 1952 election.


1952 United States presidential election in Vermont
Eisenhower, a war hero and moderate Republican who had pledged to maintain popular New Deal Democratic policies, had wide appeal beyond the boundaries of the traditional Republican coalition. While Vermont was one of the only two states in the nation (along with Maine) to vote against Franklin Roosevelt all 4 times, the GOP margins in the state had narrowed substantially in the 1930s and 1940s, particularly due to the strong Democratic presence in the northwestern part of the state.


1952 United States presidential election in Vermont
However Eisenhower's unique personal appeal brought even that region back into the GOP coalition, and allowed him to break 70% in the state in both 1952 and 1956 (Eisenhower's would win with a slightly larger margin in 1956), the first Republican to do so since Calvin Coolidge in 1924, and the last to date.


1952 United States presidential election in Vermont
Eisenhower swept every county in Vermont, breaking 70% in 9 of the 14 counties. The three northwestern counties of Vermont had long been Democratic enclaves in an otherwise Republican state through the 1930s and 1940s, but Eisenhower finally won them back for the GOP. The region still remained the most Democratic in the state, as Eisenhower received less than 60% of the vote in Chittenden County, Franklin County and Grand Isle County, while every county outside the northwest broke 60% for Eisenhower and three broke 80%. With that, Eisenhower became the first Republican candidate since Coolidge to carry Chittenden County as well as the first since Herbert Hoover in 1928 to carry Franklin and Grand Isle Counties.


1952 United States presidential election in Virginia
The 1952 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 4, 1952. Voters chose 12 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Virginia
Virginia voted for the Republican nominee, General Dwight Eisenhower, over the Democratic nominee, Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson. This election in particular marked a shift from Virginia being previously regarded as a safe blue state to more of a red state. Eisenhower ultimately won the national election with 55.18% of the vote. It was the first time Virginia voted for a Republican since it was won by Herbert Hoover in 1928.


1952 United States presidential election in Virginia
This was also the first election after Colonial Heights was incorporated as an independent city. Eisenhower won Colonial Heights by a close margin of roughly three points. Eisenhower’s two victories in Colonial Heights of three points and four points in 1952 and 1956 remain the two lowest margins of victory for a Republican presidential candidate as of the 2020 election. In the decades since, Colonial Heights has established itself as one of the most Republican leaning independent cities in Virginia, and has yet to be won by a Democratic presidential candidate since its incorporation date.


1952 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
The 1952 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. Voters chose nine representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
Washington was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with California Senator Richard Nixon, with 54.33% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Alabama Senator John Sparkman, with 44.69% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
This was the last time the Republican Party carried Pacific County until Donald Trump did so in 2016.


1952 United States presidential election in West Virginia
The 1952 United States presidential election in West Virginia took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. West Virginia voters chose eight representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in West Virginia
West Virginia was won by Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 51.92% of the popular vote, against Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 48.08% of the popular vote.


1952 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
The 1952 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on November 4, 1952 as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose 12 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
Politics in Wisconsin since the Populist movement had been dominated by the Republican Party. The Democratic Party became uncompetitive away from the Laue Michigan coast as the upper classes, along with the majority of workers who followed them, fled from William Jennings Bryan's agrarian and free silver sympathies. Although the state did develop a strong Socialist Party to provide opposition to the GOP, Wisconsin developed the direct Republican primary in 1903 and this ultimately created competition between the "League" under Robert M. La Follette, and the conservative "Regular" faction. This ultimately would develop into the Wisconsin Progressive Party in the late 1930s, which was opposed to the conservative German Democrats and to the national Republican Party, and allied with Franklin D. Roosevelt at the federal level.


1952 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
During the two wartime elections, the formerly Democratic German counties in the east of the state – which had been powerfully opposed to the Civil War because they saw it as a "Yankee" war and opposed the military draft instituted during it – viewed Communism as a much greater threat to America than Nazism and consequently opposed President Roosevelt's war effort.


1952 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
Consequently, these historically Democratic counties became virtually the most Republican in the entire state, and with the fall of the Progressive Party that had provided the main opposition to the Republicans in the 1930s, the state sent an all-Republican congressional delegation to the 80th Congress for the first time since the 71st, and Democratic representation in the state legislature reached the lowest level since that same date, although it improved to a quarter of the state House in 1950.


1952 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
During the second term of now-unpopular President Truman, populist conservative Wisconsin Senator Joe McCarthy became notorious for his investigations into Communists inside the American government. It was thought that he would be a hindrance both to Democratic nominee Adlai Stevenson II, and to Republican nominee Dwight D. Eisenhower. Stevenson would call for McCarthy's defeat during his campaign in the state because he thought Eisenhower was using unfair political tactics, that Eisenhower was a "scaremonger", and that the Republican Party was the "Same Old Political Hokum".


1952 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Vote
Polls in the state during the third week of October showed that most voters were for Eisenhower, although it was thought Stevenson was gaining. The poll however said that if Stevenson was to carry Wisconsin he would be required to win over a large majority of undecided voters. The probability of Stevenson achieving this was made more remote by a poll near the end of October that showed him trailing Eisenhower amongst Wisconsin's farmers by a two-to-one.


1952 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Vote
As it turned out, Eisenhower nearly matched the poll of farmers a week before the election, carrying Wisconsin by 22.25 points for the best Republican performance in the state since Warren G. Harding carried the state in 1920. Eisenhower carried all but three counties – Kenosha in the urban far south and the two Scandinavian unionized mining and industrial counties of Douglas and Iron. His large victory was due to the unpopularity of the Korean War in a traditionally isolationist state, to ongoing fear of Communist subversion in those German Catholic regions that had turned against the Democrats during the 1940s, and to solid traditional Yankee support in the southern interior.


1952 United States presidential election in Wyoming
The 1952 United States presidential election in Wyoming took place on November 4, 1952, as part of the 1952 United States presidential election. State voters chose three representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1952 United States presidential election in Wyoming
Wyoming was won by Columbia University President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–New York), running with Senator Richard Nixon, with 62.71 percent of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator John Sparkman, with 38.93 percent of the popular vote.


1952 Upper Voltan Territorial Assembly election
Territorial Assembly elections were held in French Upper Volta on 30 March 1948. The result was a victory for the Voltaic Union (UV).


1952 Upper Voltan Territorial Assembly election, Electoral system
The Territorial Assembly had 50 seats, with 10 elected by the First College (French citizens) and 40 by the Second College (non-French citizens).


1952 Uruguayan Primera División, Overview
It was contested by 10 teams, and Nacional won the championship.


1952 Utah Redskins football team
The 1952 Utah Redskins football team represented the University of Utah during the 1952 college football season.


1952 Utah Redskins football team, After the season, NFL draft
Utah had three players selected in the 1953 NFL Draft.


1952 Utah State Aggies football team
The 1952 Utah State Aggies football team was an American football team that represented Utah State University in the Skyline Conference during the 1952 college football season. In their second season under head coach John Roning, the Aggies compiled a 3–7–1 record (3–4 against Skyline opponents), tied for fifth place in the Skyline Conference, and were outscored by opponents by a total of 209 to 121.


1952 Utah gubernatorial election
The 1952 Utah gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1952. Incumbent Republican J. Bracken Lee defeated Democratic nominee Earl J. Glade with 55.09% of the vote.


1952 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly were held on 26 March 1952. 2,604 candidates contested for the 347 constituencies in the Assembly. There were 83 two-member constituencies and 264 single-member constituencies.


1952 VFA season
The 1952 Victorian Football Association season was the 71st season of the Australian rules football competition. The premiership was won by the Oakleigh Football Club, after it defeated Port Melbourne by 21 points in the Grand Final on 4 October. It was Oakleigh's fourth VFA premiership.


1952 VFA season, Premiership
The home-and-home season was played over twenty matches, before the top four clubs contested a finals series under the Page–McIntyre system to determine the premiers for the season.


1952 VFL Grand Final
The 1952 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Geelong Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 27 September 1952. It was the 56th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1952 VFL season. The match, attended by 81,304 spectators, was won by Geelong by 46 points, marking that club's fifth premiership victory and second in succession.


1952 VFL Grand Final, The game
Geelong entered the game as the hottest favourites in many a year. The Cats were in the middle of their record winning run and had thrashed Collingwood in the Second Semi final. Collingwood entered the grand final with two changes forced by injuries to Lucas and Pat Twomey. In to the side was Les Smith, Harvey Stevens and Keith Batchelor who made his debut at full back.


1952 VFL Grand Final, The game, 1st quarter
Collingwood got the first goal of the game from a drop kick from Thorold Merrett. Geelong then got in their stride and kicked the next four goals.


1952 VFL Grand Final, The game, 2nd quarter
Parker got Collingwood's only goal of the quarter and there vigor was having a negative effect of the Cats. Geelong finally got a goal in time on to go into the break with a twelve point lead.


1952 VFL Grand Final, The game, 3rd quarter
It took until the halfway mark of the third before Geelong finally decided enough was enough and in a blitz added five goals to finish the quarter with a 39 point lead.


1952 VFL Grand Final, The game, 4th quarter
With the game out of reach the Magpies attack constantly for little reward, seven behinds from their slow, lumbersome forwards. Geelong on the other hand eased off but still kicked two goals to defeat the Magpies by 46 points.


1952 VFL Lightning Premiership
The 1952 VFL Lightning Premiership was an Australian rules football knockout competition played entirely on Saturday, 24 May. It was played on the Empire Day holiday between rounds 5 and 6 of the Victorian Football League's 1952 season with all games played at the MCG. This was the fifth time a lightning premiership had been contested in the VFL. It was contested by the 12 VFL teams who competed in the 1952 VFL season. A total of 33,719 people attended the competition. Melbourne won its first Lighting Premiership competition defeating South Melbourne in the final by 7 points.


1952 VFL season
The 1952 Victorian Football League season was the 56th season of the elite Australian rules football competition.


1952 VFL season, Premiership season
In 1952, the VFL competition consisted of twelve teams of 18 on-the-field players each, plus two substitute players, known as the 19th man and the 20th man. A player could be substituted for any reason; however, once substituted, a player could not return to the field of play under any circumstances.


1952 VFL season, Premiership season
Teams played each other in a home-and-away season of 19 rounds.


1952 VFL season, Premiership season
There was an extra round (round 8), in addition to 1951's 18 rounds, promoted as a "National Day Round", and held on the Saturday (14 June) of the Queen's Birthday weekend while the Victorian State side played against the West Australian State side at Melbourne Cricket Ground (also on 14 June).


1952 VFL season, Premiership season
The season was constructed as follows: in rounds 1 to 7 and 9 to 12 the teams played each other. Round 8, the "National Day Round", was the reverse of round 11 (and the designated round 8 "home team" was the reverse of that in round 11). Rounds 13 to 19 were the "home-and-way reverse" of rounds 1 to 7.


1952 VFL season, Premiership season
Once the 19 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1952 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the Page–McIntyre system.


1952 VPI Gobblers football team
The 1952 VPI Gobblers football team represented the Virginia Polytechnic Institute in the 1952 college football season.


1952 VPI Gobblers football team, Players
The following players were members of the 1952 football team according to the roster published in the 1953 edition of The Bugle, the Virginia Tech yearbook.


1952 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
The 1952 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University during the 1952 college football season. The team's head coach was Bill Edwards, who was in his fourth and final year as the Commodores' head coach. Members of the Southeastern Conference, the Commodores played their home games at Dudley Field in Nashville, Tennessee. In 1952, Vanderbilt went 3–5–2 overall with a conference record of 1–4–1.


1952 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Venezuela on 30 November 1952. After the elections, it was planned that the Assembly would nominate a provisional president and then draft a new constitution. Although taking place under military dictatorship, with the main opposition party (Democratic Action) banned, the election was fair enough to permit early results showing an unexpected defeat for the ruling military junta as the Democratic Republican Union won 62.8% of the vote. The junta then blocked the final results from being published and installed General Marcos Pérez Jiménez as provisional President, an outcome confirmed by the Constituent Assembly, which the opposition parties boycotted.


1952 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election, Background
Venezuela had been run by a three-person junta from the 1948 Venezuelan coup d'état, under the leadership of Carlos Delgado Chalbaud. His assassination in November 1950 caused delays in the promulgation of the junta's promised electoral law, and afterwards Pérez Jiménez, its most powerful member, opposed the draft law's enfranchisement of all persons over 18, describing it as enfranchising illiterates and minors. Perceived pressure of domestic and international opinion saw the electoral law published in April 1951.


1952 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election, Campaign
The main party of the Venezuelan opposition and of the previous democratic government, Democratic Action, was banned and was specifically prohibited from participating. The Communist Party of Venezuela was also banned. In the absence of Democratic Action, the Democratic Republican Union (URD) was the most powerful opposition party. It seriously considered abstaining but ultimately decided to participate.


1952 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election, Campaign
The opposition URD, led by Jóvito Villalba, and COPEI, led by Rafael Caldera, "had to furnish detailed information to the government regarding party-sponsored public meetings, membership rolls, and finances". In addition, press coverage of both parties was censored so strictly that it hardly communicated any more than movements of its leaders, with party policies simply omitted.


1952 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election, Campaign
In the last weeks of the campaign, a parallel organization outside the political parties was organized to support Pérez Jiménez's push for the presidency; it was announced on 5 November that the "National Movement" had collected 1.6 million signatures in support. The movement became so prominent that the President of the Electoral Council reminded the country that it was electing a Constituent assembly, not a President.