1952 Kern County earthquake
The 1952 Kern County earthquake occurred on July 21 in the southern San Joaquin Valley and measured 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale. The main shock occurred at 4:52 am Pacific Daylight Time (11:52 UTC), killed 12 people and injured hundreds, and caused an estimated $60 million in property damage. A small sector of damage near Bealville corresponded to a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), though this intensity rating was not representative of the majority of damage. The earthquake occurred on the White Wolf Fault near the community of Wheeler Ridge and was the strongest to occur in California since the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.


1952 Kern County earthquake
The town of Tehachapi suffered the greatest damage and loss of life from the earthquake, though other locations in Kern County experienced significant damage as well, but its effects were widely felt throughout central and southern California. The July mainshock had a significant aftershock sequence that persisted into July and August with many magnitude 5+ events with intensities of V (Moderate) to VII (Very strong). Six of these aftershocks occurred on the day of the mainshock, but the strongest aftershock came on August 22 as a M5.8 event that had a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (Severe) and resulted in the deaths of two people and caused an additional $10 million in property damage.


1952 Kern County earthquake
Following the event, a field survey was conducted along the fault zone with the goal of estimating the peak ground acceleration of the shock based on visually evaluating precarious rock formations and other indicators. Ground disturbances that were created by the earthquakes were also surveyed, both in the valley and in the foothills, with both vertical and horizontal displacements present in the epicentral area.


1952 Kern County earthquake
The strong motion records that were acquired from the event were significant, and a reconnaissance report was recognized for its coverage of the event, and how it set a standard for those types of engineering or scientific papers. Repercussions of the sequence of earthquakes were still being felt in the heavily damaged downtown area of Bakersfield well into the 1990s as city leaders attempted to improve safety of the surviving unreinforced masonry buildings.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Tectonic setting
At Lebec, California, just south of the epicenter of the July mainshock, the San Andreas Fault comes together with the Garlock Fault, which is positioned at the northern border of the Mojave Desert. The San Andreas has been responsible for considerable seismic activity at its northern and southern sections, and traverses the area near the Transverse Ranges. The Kern Canyon Fault mirrors the path of the Kern River, and was thought to have a connection with the White Wolf Fault, but indicators observed following the July 21 earthquake demonstrated that the two are offset.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Tectonic setting
The Owens Valley Fault, on the east side of the Sierran block, has been mapped and may possibly extend into area that was affected by the 1952 shocks. Other fault zones are present in the region, and have been of interest because they may have been responsible for minor earthquakes, but they are considered not as significant as the Kern Canyon, Owens Valley, and San Andreas Faults.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Tectonic setting
The 1952 earthquakes were the first to be observed well within Kern County lines. Other strong, but remote events were previously felt in the area, but they were distant enough to cause only occasional destructive effects. The county is bounded on the western side by the Temblor Range which is adjacent to the southern San Andreas Fault. Other large events have affected the area as well, like the January 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake that severely affected Fort Tejon (about 15 miles (24 km) south of Wheeler Ridge).


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake
The M7.3 earthquake occurred on the strike-slip White Wolf Fault in the southern San Joaqin Valley. Historically, the left-lateral fault has had a component of reverse slip, and at the time of the July mainshock the ratio of reverse/left-lateral slip was about 1.2:1. The epicenter of the shock was at the 90 km (56 mi) fault's southwestern end, at a point where it may end, or merge with the east–west trending Pleito thrust fault.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake
The White Wolf Fault (as illuminated by the aftershocks) was found to be curved, with less dip on the northeast end, though that zone also had a higher strike-slip component. Other distinct characteristics on that end of the fault were the shallower shocks and the less overall slip. If the total fault displacement came about as a result of the same type of large-displacement shocks like the one in 1952, the recurrence interval was proposed to be 170–450 years. The 1995 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities gave a (high uncertainty) slip rate estimate of 2 mm per year.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake
Seismologists have recently proposed the hypothesis that the earthquake is an exceptional instance of induced seismicity triggered by petroleum extraction from the Wheeler Ridge oil field. Oil production from that field began 98 days before the earthquake, about 1 km (0.62 mi) from the White Wolf Fault. According to this hypothesis, petroleum extraction did not contribute to the energy of the earthquake, but rather altered conditions in the fault enabling the catastrophic release of accumulated stress; a comparable (or perhaps more destructive) spontaneous earthquake would have occurred along the fault at some later time.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake
Mercalli intensities for the mainshock were gauged to be VIII (Severe), especially in Tehachapi and close to the epicenter, but southeast of Bealville 46 cm (18 in) thick reinforced concrete railroad tunnel walls were cracked, tracks were warped, and the gap between tunnel entrances was reduced by up to 2.5 meters (8 ft 2 in). Because of the extraordinary damage there, an intensity rating of XI (Extreme) was assigned specifically for that location.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
Though damage was spread throughout a large area, most was concentrated in the town of Tehachapi where at least 11 were killed and 35 were injured. An early estimate reported in the Los Angeles Times had the damage at $2.6 million with 700 families affected in Tehachapi alone, where most of the town's buildings sustained damage. Fifteen homes were destroyed there, 53 were heavily damaged, and another 75 sustained light damage. In Bakersfield, windows were broken and dislodged plaster littered residential and commercial districts, and the county jail was damaged. Two tunnels used by the Southern Pacific Railroad and the Santa Fe Railroad collapsed between Tehachapi and Marcel, six more tunnels received lesser damage, and 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of track was distorted through two horseshoe curves.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
To the southwest of Bakersfield in Maricopa, the justice court building,  the Maricopa Hotel, the post office, and several businesses were condemned because of heavy damage. In the small town of Taft disruption was light, with the exception of a destroyed wall at a J. C. Penney department store and a single home that was damaged.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
In the (former) settlement of Paloma a fire burned at an oil refinery, and an explosion occurred at a refinery in Long Beach due to a cracked pipe, but most of the Greater Los Angeles Area was free from heavy damage due to the distant location (around 10 miles southwest of Tehachapi) of the earthquake. Power disruptions affected Van Nuys and Los Angeles and in Long Beach some windows were broken. Other moderate damage in that area included a 2.5 ft (0.76 m) crack on a street in Hollywood and a 90 ft (27 m) crack in a Santa Ana parking lot.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Aftershocks
Through late September, Caltech seismometers recorded 188 aftershocks higher than magnitude 4.0. Six of those on the day of the mainshock were M5 and above, but some of these (like the 12:05 M6.3 shock) were only felt, and didn't cause any damage. The July 21 M5.1 shock at 15:13 GMT and the July 23 shock at 00:38 both damaged buildings in Arvin, and the latter event also caused slight damage in Fresno and near Bakersfield. Three additional shocks on July 23 were particularly destructive.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Aftershocks
Walls and other portions of buildings that had been previously damaged took a second hit from the 07:53 M5.2 event, and a house that saw only minor damage during the mainshock was nearly destroyed by it. Gas and water lines were also severed, and transformers were loosened or dislodged. The 13:17 M5.8 shock compounded problems at Tehachapi and Arvin with damage to previously-affected buildings that was described as serious, but the 18:13 shock on July 23 only had a slight affect at Arvin.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Aftershocks
Two shocks on July 25 that occurred within an hour of each other were felt throughout central California and caused pipeline damage south of Bakersfield and other minor building damage in several locations. Pre -existing ground disturbances were enhanced in Tejon Canyon, and landslides occurred at Caliente Creek Canyon, Oiler Canyon Grade, and on State Route 178 between Kernville and Bakersfield. A number of fires were initiated by the July 29 aftershock (intensity VII (Very strong)) and other severe damage was caused by it, especially to buildings that had already been damaged (including one in Bakersfield).


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Aftershocks
The strongest aftershock in the sequence came on August 22 as a magnitude 5.8 event with a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (Severe). Damage was especially heavy to brick buildings in Bakersfield, and although only a few buildings collapsed outright, 90 of 264 buildings that the shock damaged needed to be brought down completely. Total damage from this event alone was estimated to be $10 million, with several injuries, and two additional deaths.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Peak acceleration
Prior to the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Nantou County, Taiwan, little information was available for estimating ground motion that resulted from large (greater than M7) thrust earthquakes, and whether the values seen in that event are commonplace remains unresolved. Foam rubber modeling, numerical modeling, and field studies have shown that intense ground motions close to 1g are possible on the  hanging wall side of the fault during some large thrust earthquakes.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Peak acceleration
A common occurrence of shattered rock that has been observed on the hanging wall of thrust faults reinforces the existence of the strong motions, but precarious rock surveys have indicated that smaller ground motions are present on the foot wall side of the fault. Foam rubber modelling studies confirm that the ground motion on the foot wall side can be lower by a factor of up to five, and an example of this imbalance was displayed during the September 1999 M7.6 earthquake in Taiwan.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Peak acceleration
Rocks are classified as precarious if their toppling accelerations are .3g or less and semi-precarious at .3–.5g. The area around the White Wolf fault was surveyed by a group of earth scientists with extensive experience estimating thousands of rock formations. The toppling accelerations of many rocks were assessed by the three geologists, with individual estimates usually agreeing within .1g.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Peak acceleration
On the foot wall side, many precarious and semi-precarious rock formations were observed and allowed for peak ground acceleration to be estimated at .5g (within a kilometer of the fault trace) while rock shattering and a lack of precarious rocks on the hanging wall side suggested a value near 1g had been experienced at the time of the shock.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Ground effects
Many erratic surface fractures were generated in the San Joaquin Valley along the White Wolf Fault. The cracks were not well-defined, and were the result of the disturbance of the alluvium that makes up the valley floor, rather than cracking along the fault trace. Northeast trending cracks ranging from hairline-width to near five inches wide were seen between Arvin and California State Route 166, and some showed clear lateral offset, but those were determined to be localized effects.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Ground effects
Some of the fractures in the ground were aligned with the fault, and some were perpendicular to the general trend, but the more significant breaks were believed to be a direct result of faulting at depth. This was true in the mountainous areas as well, but some of the breaks at the higher elevations were probably related to slumping. The northeast trending breaks were described in a report from the State of California (that was prepared by well-known geologists and seismologists) as "thrusting of the southeast block up and over the northwest block, and/or a lateral movement of the southeast block to the northeast".


1952 Kern County earthquake, Earthquake, Ground effects
Offset rows of cotton were documented at a number of locations along the northeast trending fault breaks in the valley. An offset of 3 ft (0.91 m) was seen 17 miles (27 km) south of Bakersfield, about .5 mi (0.80 km) east of California State Route 99, and 3 miles (4.8 km) southwest of Arvin a north–south oriented row was offset with movement towards the west on the south side of the shift. At the same location, an east–west road was dislocated towards the northeast a minimum of 5 ft (1.5 m), and near the mouth of Comanche Creek (6 miles (9.7 km) south of Arvin) a shallow-sloped fault scarp was raised with a maximum vertical displacement of about 3 ft (0.91 m).


1952 Kern County earthquake, Response
Beno Gutenberg, a German-American seismologist, was the director of the Caltech Seismological Laboratory at the time of the shock. He commented about the event first by saying that the energy of the event was 100 times that of the 1933 Long Beach earthquake. In statements made in the July 22 Los Angeles Times, the shock was compared to the 1857 Fort Tejon event. He went on to say, "There is no doubt that yesterday's quake is the largest Southern California has had in this century and is the largest to occur in this area since modern instruments were available.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Response
It's possible that the 1857 quake might have been more intense." Charles Richter departed the lab in Pasadena in a mobile seismograph truck bound for the epicentral area to record aftershocks close to the fault, and Harry O. Wood  (the founder of the lab thirty years prior) visited the lab following the onset of the shocks and commented that it was still not possible to predict the location of large earthquakes.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Response
The American Red Cross called it a major disaster, but getting relief into the area was stalled because of landslides blocking the ridge route running between Los Angeles and Kern counties. California State Route 99 was also blocked by a landslide ten miles south of Gorman, but the highway was quickly reopened later in the day. All aircraft not related to the relief effort were ordered not to land at the Tehachapi Municipal Airport. All 417 inmates from the Tehachapi Prison for Women were evacuated because of damage; the California Department of Corrections stated that the facility was left unusable. Most of the injured received medical care at Kern County General Hospital and some sought treatment at Tehachapi Valley Hospital, where some existing patients were moved to make room for new arrivals.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Response
The railroad was reopened in 25 days by a construction force of one-thousand men and 175 pieces of earth-moving equipment including seven track gangs, nine bridge and building gangs, and personnel and equipment from Morrison-Knudsen. Four tunnels were quickly repaired, two more were daylighted by removing overburden to convert them to cuts, one was partially daylighted, and 1,250,000 cubic yards (960,000 m3) of fill were placed to construct a 4,358-foot (1.328 km) temporary alignment around the eighth tunnel while permanent repairs were underway.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Aftermath
Downtown Bakersfield was heavily impacted by the earthquakes, and many damaged buildings were bulldozed to make room for buildings that were eventually constructed with newer architectural styles. After World War II, and with a booming economy, the region was experiencing a period of urban renewal. The Kern County Courthouse, St. Francis Church, and the original Beale Memorial Clock Tower were all damaged and were leveled or rebuilt.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Aftermath
In what may have been an overambitious push for renewal, some historic buildings that may have been able to be salvaged also were brought down, though some stood for many years after the earthquakes. Some of Bakersfield's unreinforced masonry buildings survived the shocks and were still in use years later, but the cost of retrofitting these buildings was often prohibitive for their owners, and the Bakersfield City Council was given the authority to seize or demolish them in 1993. The city changed its approach in the late 1990s after building owners complained that the upgrade process was too expensive, and the possibility that the city may be left in possession of properties that were left needing the costly renovations.


1952 Kern County earthquake, Aftermath
Following most present day damaging earthquakes, teams of investigators from institutions such as the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute are sent to the affected region to set up instruments to capture strong motion records, and to study the damage and other effects of the event. This has not always been the case, and the 1954 report from Steinbrugge and Moran that thoroughly detailed the effects (especially to buildings) of the 1952 shocks put in place a model for how modern earthquake reconnaissance reports are written. The strong motion record that was obtained from the 1952 shock, as well as the accelerogram from the 1940 El Centro earthquake, were the most widely used data sets until the 1971 San Fernando earthquake.


1952 Kesteven County Council election
Elections to Kesteven County Council were held on Saturday, 5 March 1952. Kesteven was one of three divisions of the historic county of Lincolnshire in England; it consisted of the ancient wapentakes (or hundreds) of Aswardhurn, Aveland, Beltisloe, Boothby Graffoe, Flaxwell, Langoe, Loveden, Ness, and Winnibriggs and Threo. The Local Government Act 1888 established Kesteven as an administrative county, governed by a Council; elections were held every three years from 1889, until it was abolished by the Local Government Act 1972, which established Lincolnshire County Council in its place.


1952 Kesteven County Council election
The county was divided into 60 electoral divisions, each of which returned one member. In 1952 there were contests in 13 of these, eight of which saw no change; Labour gained 4 seats.


1952 Kesteven County Council election, By-elections, Leadenham and Ruskington, May 1954
Cllrs S. J. Edwards (Leadenham) and A. J. Hosack (Ruskington) resigned prompting elections in their divisions. Polling took place on 22 May 1954. The results for Leadenham were:


1952 Kesteven County Council election, By-elections, Leadenham and Ruskington, May 1954
Hence, Kelway and Brighton were elected. The Leadenham electorate numbered 1,171, meaning the turnout was approximately 57%. The number of registered voters in Ruskington was 1,702, and the turnout was 65%.


1952 Kesteven County Council election, By-elections, Corby and Navenby, July 1954
The elevation of the Earl of Ancaster (Corby) to the aldermanic bench, and the death of R. A. Mason (Navenby) prompted by-elections. Polling took place on 3 July 1954.


1952 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1952 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 58th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.


1952 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
On 31 August 1952, Bennettsbridge won the championship after a 5-03 to 4-05 defeat of Tullaroan in the final. It was their second ever championship title overall and their first title since 1890.


1952 LFF Lyga
The 1952 LFF Lyga was the 31st season of the LFF Lyga football competition in Lithuania. It was contested by 12 teams, and KN Vilnius won the championship.


1952 LPGA Tour
The 1952 LPGA Tour was the third season since the LPGA Tour officially began in 1950. The season ran from January 4 to October 28. The season consisted of 24 official money events. Betsy Rawls won the most tournaments, eight. Rawls led the money list with earnings of $14,505.


1952 LPGA Tour
There was only one first-time winner in 1952, Marlene Bauer.


1952 LPGA Tour, Tournament results
The following table shows all the official money events for the 1952 season. "Date" is the ending date of the tournament. The numbers in parentheses after the winners' names are the number of wins they had on the tour up to and including that event. Majors are shown in bold.


1952 LSU Tigers football team
The 1952 LSU Tigers football team represented Louisiana State University (LSU) in the 1952 college football season.


1952 La Flèche Wallonne
The 1952 La Flèche Wallonne was the 16th edition of La Flèche Wallonne cycle race and was held on 10 May 1952. The race started in Charleroi and finished in Liège. The race was won by Ferdinand Kübler.


1952 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election
Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet (more formally, its "Parliamentary Committee") occurred in November 1952. In addition to the 12 members elected, the Leader (Clement Attlee), Deputy Leader (Herbert Morrison), Labour Chief Whip (William Whiteley), Labour Leader in the House of Lords (William Jowitt) were automatically members.


1952 Labour Party deputy leadership election
The 1952 Labour Party deputy leadership election took place on 11 November 1952, after sitting deputy leader Herbert Morrison was challenged by Aneurin Bevan.


1952 Labour Party deputy leadership election, Sources
This United Kingdom election-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1952 Lady Wigram Trophy
The 1952 Lady Wigram Trophy was a motor race held at the Wigram Airfield Circuit on 23 February 1952. It was the second Lady Wigram Trophy to be held and was won by Les Moore in the Alfa Romeo Tipo B for the second time in succession.


1952 Lafayette Leopards football team
The 1952 Lafayette Leopards football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College in the Middle Three Conference during the 1952 college football season. In its first season under head coach Steve Hokuf, the team compiled a 0–9 record. Edward Greaves and Jack Herbruck were the team captains. The team played its home games at Fisher Field in Easton, Pennsylvania.


1952 Latvian SSR Higher League, Overview
It was contested by 11 teams, and AVN won the championship.


1952 Leeds City Council election
The Leeds municipal elections were held on Thursday 8 May 1952, with one third of the council to be elected.


1952 Leeds City Council election
Along with the rest of the country, Leeds saw a sharp swing from the Conservatives to Labour with a swing of over 15%, resulting in Labour receiving their highest post-war vote and making nine gains (alongside a gain in the interim) to whittle the Tory majority down to just two. Labour's nine gains were in the wards of Armley, Beeston, Blenheim, Bramley, Cross Gates, Stanningley, Westfield, Woodhouse, and Wortley. They also narrowly missed out on gaining Harehills. With the exception of a close-run victory in Beeston, the remarkably large swing made the Labour gains fairly comfortable. Turnout fell by two percent from the previous year, to 43.9%.


1952 Leeds City Council election, Election result
The result had the following consequences for the total number of seats on the council after the elections:


1952 Leeds South East by-election
The 1952 Leeds South East by-election was held on 7 February 1952. It was held due to the elevation to a hereditary peerage of the incumbent Labour MP, James Milner. It was retained by the Labour candidate, Denis Healey.


1952 Lehigh Engineers football team
The 1952 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University during the 1952 college football season. Lehigh tied for the Middle Three Conference championship.


1952 Lehigh Engineers football team
In their third year under head coach William Leckonby, the Engineers compiled a 7–2 record. Bill Kitsos was the team captain.


1952 Lehigh Engineers football team
Lehigh only played one of its Middle Three opponents, beating Lafayette; co-champion Rutgers also beat Lafayette but did not face Lehigh, giving them identical 1–0 conference records.


1952 Lehigh Engineers football team
Lehigh played its home games at Taylor Stadium on the university's main campus in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.


1952 Libyan general election
General elections were held in Libya to elect the House of Representatives on 19 February 1952, except in three constituencies in Tripolitania, where the elections were delayed until March after rioters destroyed the electoral register on election day. They were the first elections in the country's history.


1952 Libyan general election, Electoral system
Voting was restricted to sane and solvent men over the age of 21, and did not allow for secret balloting, except in urban areas. They elected 55 members to the Lower House of the Parliament in single member constituencies. The constituencies were divided into urban areas and rural areas; in the urban areas voters were given a ballot paper, which they dropped into the coloured ballot box of their candidate, whilst in rural areas voters were asked who they supported and their answer recorded by registering officer, with a committee of observers as witnesses. The committee included a returning officer, a judge and a notable person from the constituency.


1952 Libyan general election, Electoral system
The United Nations turned down a proposal that it should monitor the elections.


1952 Libyan general election, Campaign and election day
A total of 141 candidates contested the election, most of whom ran as independents. There were two opposing groups; one supportive of Prime Minister Mahmud al-Muntasir, and one led by the Congress Party headed by Beshir Bey Sadawi. The Congress Party was largely focussed on opposition to foreign influence in Libya, despite receiving financial support from Egypt. It also claimed that voting for pro-government candidates would lead to voters effectively excommunicating themselves from the Islamic faith. The Prime Minister called on voters to elect the candidate most likely to help implement the government's 19-point programme.


1952 Libyan general election, Campaign and election day
On election day one person was killed and a British police officer was injured following exchanges of fire between a crowd of people and the police in Misrata, and several people were also hospitalised after the police used tear gas. The violence broke out after the crowd was told that their requests for a Congress Party candidate to be present in the polling booth was illegal. Similar protests occurred in Tripolitania.


1952 Libyan general election, Results and aftermath
As expected, the Congress Party were victorious in Tripoli, but pro-government candidates won all other seats. The Congress Party won a total of eight seats, whilst the majority of seats were held by pro-government independents. Following the election, rioting broke out, resulting in all political parties being banned. Sadawi was deported to Egypt, along with his brother, nephew and some other supporters, whilst the Congress Party secretary was deported to his native Tunisia.


1952 Liechtenstein insurance referendum
A referendum on introducing insurance for the elderly and bereaved was held in Liechtenstein on 14 December 1952. The proposal was approved by 53.5% of voters.


1952 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1952 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 58th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.


1952 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
Treaty Sarsfields won the championship after a 6-10 to 1-02 defeat of St. Patrick's in the final. It was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1952 Little League World Series
The 1952 Little League World Series was held from August 26 to August 29 in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. A team from Norwalk, Connecticut, beat Monongahela, Pennsylvania, by a score of 4–3 in the championship game of the 6th Little League World Series. A team from Montreal, Quebec, Canada, became the first participants from outside the United States in the history of the event.


1952 Little League World Series
Attendees at the championship game included Frank Shaughnessy, president of the International League, and Will Harridge, president of the American League.


1952 Liverpool City Council election
Elections to Liverpool City Council were held on 8 May 1952.


1952 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections
Twenty of the forty Aldermen were elected by the city council on 19 May 1952.


1952 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections
All Aldermen and the wards they were allocated to as Returning Officer are shown in the table below:


1952 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, Breckfield by-election 13 November 1952
Following the death of Alderman Walter Thomas Lancashire on 18 August 1952, Cllr. David John Lewis was elected as Alderman by the City Council on 3 September 1952 and assigned as returning officer for the Netherfield ward.


1952 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, Breckfield by-election 13 November 1952
Following the death of Alderman James Conrad Cross on 18 August 1952, Cllr. George William Prout was elected as Alderman by the City Council on 3 September 1952 and assigned as returning officer to the Anfield ward.


1952 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, Breckfield by-election 13 November 1952
Following the election of Cllr. David John Lewis and Cllr. George William Prout as Aldermen, there was a by-election for 2 seats for the Breckfield ward on 13 November 1952.


1952 Liverpool state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Liverpool on 24 May 1952 because of the resignation of Jim McGirr (Labor) who had accepted an appointment as chair of the Maritime Services Board.


1952 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 1952 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 38th edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 11 May 1952. The race started and finished in Liège. The race was won by Ferdinand Kübler.


1952 London County Council election
An election to the County Council of London took place on 3 April 1952. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having three votes in the three-member seats. The Labour Party made substantial gains and greatly increased its majority.


1952 London County Council election, Campaign
The Labour Party manifesto proposed increased slum clearance, new comprehensive schools, and new construction at the South Bank. It targeted Conservative seats in Fulham East, Hammersmith South, Kensington North and Paddington North.


1952 London County Council election, Campaign
The Conservative Party hoped to make a small number of gains and take control of the council. It targeted Labour-held seats in Brixton, Fulham West, Islington North and St Pancras North. Its manifesto proposed working more closely with the government in building housing, closing civic restaurants, and halting the construction of comprehensive schools.


1952 London County Council election, Campaign
The Liberal Party stood only twelve candidates, and hoped to retain its representation in Bethnal Green. The Conservatives stood only two candidates in the constituency, and suggested that its supporters voted for the Liberal candidate Nicholas Harris, son of retiring Liberal councillor Percy Harris.


1952 London County Council election, Results
Labour won a significant majority in the election, gaining 27 seats, and increasing their vote share in almost every constituency. The Conservatives had for some years received higher vote shares in council elections than at general elections, but this pattern was reversed. The party was particularly surprised to lose a seat in Holborn and St Pancras South, which had a large business vote.


1952 London County Council election, Results
The Liberal Party lost its only seat on the council, and saw its vote share in Bethnal Green fall to less than half its previous level, although it did still beat the Conservative Party in the constituency. The Communist Party also saw its vote drop severely, although it was able to beat the Conservative Party in its best constituency of Stepney.


1952 London County Council election, Results
Turnout in the election was up from 1949, with 41% of possible votes cast. A record number of women were elected, comprising nearly one-third of the total number of members of the council.


1952 Los Angeles Rams season
The 1952 Los Angeles Rams season was the team's 15th year with the National Football League and the seventh season in Los Angeles.


1952 Los Angeles Rams season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1952 Los Angeles State Diablos football team
The 1952 Los Angeles State Diablos football team represented Los Angeles State during the 1952 college football season.


1952 Los Angeles State Diablos football team
Los Angeles State competed in the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). This was the second year of intercollegiate play for Los Angeles State, and the team was again led by head coach Leonard (Bud) Adams. The Diablos played home games at Los Angeles State Field. They finished the season with a record of four wins and four losses (4–4, 1–3 CCAA).


1952 Los Angeles State Diablos football team, Team players in the NFL
No Los Angeles State players were selected in the 1953 NFL Draft.


1952 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team
The 1952 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented the Louisiana Polytechnic Institute (now known as Louisiana Tech University) as a member of the Gulf States Conference during the 1952 college football season. In their twelfth year under head coach Joe Aillet, the team compiled a 6–1–2 record.


1952 Louisiana gubernatorial election
The 1952 Louisiana gubernatorial election was held in two rounds on January 15 and February 19, 1952. Like most Southern states between the Reconstruction Era and the Civil Rights Movement, Louisiana's Republican Party was virtually nonexistent in terms of electoral support.


1952 Louisiana gubernatorial election
This meant that the two Democratic Party primary elections held on these dates were the real contest over who would be governor of Louisiana. The 1952 election saw the defeat of Long candidate Carlos Spaht, and the election of Robert F. Kennon as governor.


1952 Louisiana gubernatorial election
In the low-turnout general election held on April 22, 1952, Kennon defeated Harrison Bagwell, a Baton Rouge lawyer and only the second Louisiana Republican gubernatorial nominee since Reconstruction. Kennon received 118,723 votes (96 percent) to Bagwell's 4,958 votes (4 percent).


1952 Louisiana gubernatorial election, Sources
This Louisiana-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1952 Louisville Cardinals football team
The 1952 Louisville Cardinals football team was an American football team that represented the University of Louisville as an independent during the 1952 college football season. In their seventh season under head coach Frank Camp, the Cardinals compiled a 3–5 record. Johnny Unitas was a player on the team.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash
The 1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash was a military aviation accident that occurred in Malta on 30 December 1952 when an Avro Lancaster bomber crashed shortly after takeoff from RAF Luqa into a residential area in Luqa. Three of the four crew members on board the aircraft and a civilian on the ground were killed. The crash also caused extensive property damage. The cause of the crash was engine failure.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Background
The aircraft involved in the accident was an Avro Lancaster ASR.III Search and Rescue (SAR) aircraft, serial number SW344. The aircraft had been built during World War II, and after the conflict ended it was modified for maritime search and rescue. It was delivered to No. 37 Squadron RAF in April 1951. This type of aircraft were outdated by 1952, and the squadron was planning on replacing its Lancasters with Avro Shackletons in 1953.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Background
The aircraft was crewed by pilot John C. E. Smith, co-pilot Charles Glanville, radio operator John Crawford Logan and flight engineer Wilfred Morris. It was Glanville's first flight as a captain.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Accident
On the day of the accident, the aircraft was to take part in a training flight. After routine checks were performed, the aircraft's engine was started up and it taxied to Runway 06 of RAF Luqa. At 11.40am, as it was making its takeoff run, the inboard port Rolls-Royce Merlin engine began to cut out intermittently, and the engine stopped working completely as the aircraft took off.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Accident
With three out of its four engines still working, Smith took over control of the aircraft and attempted to return to the airfield to make an emergency landing. However, the aircraft's speed was too slow, its altitude was too low and it was turning to starboard, and less than three minutes after takeoff it crashed into a residential area in the town of Luqa.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Accident
The aircraft hit a house and then crashed into St George Street, hitting three more houses in the process. The aircraft then caught fire, and some debris fell into New Street. The aircraft's tail landed in a building site where a war-damaged house was being rebuilt, while parts of the wings and engines landed on houses, in gardens or in the street. The crash left a trail of destruction of about 275 metres (902 ft), with a number of houses being severely damaged or destroyed.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Rescue and recovery efforts
The search and rescue operation was initially carried out by firefighters from RAF Luqa and the Malta police. Other rescuers arrived on the crash site soon afterwards, including teams from RAF Hal Far and RAF Ta Kali and from the Admiralty Dockyard. British paramedics and specialists as well as United States Navy personnel who had been based at Ħal Far also offered first aid to the victims.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Rescue and recovery efforts
Three of the four crew members on the Lancaster survived the initial crash but were badly injured. Two of them died in hospital within hours of the crash or the following day, leaving pilot Smith as the sole survivor. A civilian from Luqa suffered severe burns due to fire from fuel in one of the aircraft's wings which landed in her garden. She was taken to St Luke's Hospital, where she died on 1 January 1953. At least two other people suffered less serious burns and were also taken to hospital.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Aftermath
After the crash, New Year celebrations at RAF Luqa were cancelled to respect the victims. Two of the crew members were buried at the Imtarfa Military Cemetery on 2 January 1953, while the remains of radio operator Crawford Logan were flown to Scotland and were buried there. The civilian who died of her injuries was buried at the Luqa parish cemetery.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Aftermath
The crash resulted in extensive damage to a number of buildings, with 14 properties suffering some form of damage. A court-appointed architect and Public Works Department surveyed the damage to buildings and services respectively. One family whose house was severely damaged was given alternative accommodation in a building which had been constructed to house Luqa's police station. On the day of the crash, the commanding officer at RAF Luqa sent a £25 cheque from the AOC Benevolent Fund to the Luqa parish priest as initial relief for the victims.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Aftermath
The RAF was later willing to pay ex gratia compensation, but not as much as was requested by those who had lost property in the crash. Labour Party leader Dom Mintoff campaigned for adequate compensation to be given, and eventually the Claims Commission made a report which awarded compensation based on court experts' evaluations.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Aftermath
One of the first responders at the crash site, RAF Luqa fire section chief Cecil F. Harrison, was awarded the British Empire Medal on 1 September 1953 for his deeds during the rescue. He had discovered two crew members who had been thrown out of the aircraft, and he comforted them amidst burning wreckage and shouted until further help arrived.


1952 Luqa Avro Lancaster crash, Aftermath, Investigation
An official inquest was held and it found that Flight Sergeant Smith was not responsible for causing the accident.


1952 Lyne by-election
The 1952 by-election for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Lyne was called on 22 March after the death of the incumbent Country Party of Australia member Jim Eggins who died in office on 28 January.


1952 Lyne by-election, Candidates
Contesting the seat for the Country Party were Donald Lancaster and Philip Lucock, who had stood as one of multiple Country Party candidates for the seat at the 1949 election.


1952 Lyne by-election, Candidates
Their main opponent was Edward Hayes of the Australian Labor Party. He had been the Labor party candidate at several previous polls.


1952 Lyne by-election, Candidates
Two independents, Edward Spensley and Joe Cordner, also stood for the seat.


1952 Lyne by-election, Results
The presence of two Country Party candidates split the vote and Hayes took three thousand votes more than either Lucock or Lancaster, but with preferences from Lancaster, Lucock easily won the seat.


1952 Lyne by-election, Aftermath
When Philip Lucock was sworn in as the member for Lyne on 22 March 1952, he became the first member of the House of Representatives to swear allegiance to Queen Elizabeth II who had ascended to the throne on 6 February.


1952 Lyne by-election, Aftermath
At the following Federal election in 1954 Lancaster stood as an independent candidate against his former Country Party colleague.


1952 Madhya Bharat Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Legislative Assembly of the Indian state of Madhya Bharat were held on 26 March 1952. 440 candidates contested for the 79 constituencies in the Assembly. There were 20 two-member constituencies and 59 single-member constituencies.


1952 Madhya Bharat Legislative Assembly election, State Reorganization and Merger
On 1 November 1956, under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, All districts of Madhya Bharat, except the Sunel enclave of the Mandsaur district, was merged into Madhya Pradesh. The Sunel enclave of the Mandsaur district was merged in Rajasthan.


1952 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly were held on 26 March 1952. 1,122 candidates contested for the 184 constituencies in the Assembly. There were 48 two-member constituencies and 136 single-member constituencies, for a total of 232 seats. On 1 November 1956, under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh, and Bhopal state were merged into Madhya Pradesh and the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division were transferred to Bombay State. Hence the constituencies were re-organized during 1957 elections.


1952 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, State Reorganization
On 1 November 1956, under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Madhya Bharat (except the Sunel enclave of the Mandsaur district), Vindhya Pradesh, Bhopal State and the Sironj sub-division of the Kota district of Rajasthan were merged into Madhya Pradesh while the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division, (namely Buldana, Akola , Amravati , Yeotmal, Wardha , Nagpur, Bhandara and Chanda), were transferred to Bombay State. This resulted in increase in assembly constituencies from 184 with 232 seats to 218 constituencies with 288 seats during 1957 elections.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election
The first legislative assembly Election to the Madras state based on universal adult suffrage was held in March 1952. This was the first election held in Madras state after the Indian Independence. This election was officially known as the 1951 Madras State Election, even though through delays, actual voting didn't take place until early 1952.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election
No single party obtained a simple majority to form an independent Government. C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji) of the Indian National Congress became the Chief Minister after a series of re-alignments among various political parties and Independents. The Telugu speaking regions of Madras State split to form the Andhra state in 1953, leading to the consolidation of the non-Brahmin Congress faction under the leadership of K. Kamaraj. Faced with internal dissent and heavy opposition to his Hereditary education policy, Rajaji resigned in 1954. In the ensuing leadership struggle, Kamaraj defeated Rajaji's chosen successor C. Subramaniam and became the Chief Minister on 31 March 1954.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Background, Factionalism in Congress
In the years after the 1946 election, factionalism was common place in the Congress party in Madras. During 1946–51, three different Congress chief ministers headed the Madras government. T. Prakasam was the Chief Minister of Madras presidency immediately after the 1946 election. As a Telugu speaker, he was often at odds with the Madras Provincial Congress Committee president K. Kamaraj. Kamaraj forced the resignation of Prakasam within a year. In 1947, Omandur Ramaswamy Reddiar, Kamaraj's nominee, became the Chief Minister.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Background, Factionalism in Congress
When Reddiar showed signs of independence, Kamaraj engineered his removal by a vote of no confidence in Congress Legislature Party on 31 March 1949. P. S. Kumaraswamy Raja, the next Chief Minister who formed the Government on 6 April 1949 was believed to be a stooge of Kamaraj. He retained the chiefministership till the 1952 election when he lost his seat in Srivilliputhur constituency. The main factions within the Madras Congress Party during this period were: 1) the Andhra (Prakasam) faction, 2) the Rajaji faction 3) Kamaraj faction (Tamil non-Brahmin members) and 4)the Bezawada Gopala Reddy and Kala Venkata Rao faction supported by the All India Congress Committee president Pattabhi Sitaramayya


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Background, Factionalism in Congress
The Prakasam faction later split from the Congress to form the Hyderabad State Praja Party. The party merged with the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party in June 1951.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Background, Communists in electoral process
In 1951, the Communist Party of India (CPI) which had been waging an armed struggle during 1948–51, gave up the attempt to wrest power through force and joined the political mainstream. At the 1951 congress of the party, "People's Democracy" was replaced by "National Democracy" as the main slogan of the party and the decision was made to contest the elections. One of the armed movements supported by the CPI was the Telangana Rebellion in the princely state of Hyderabad. Though the rebellion was crushed by 1951, the communists retained widespread support in the neighboring Andhra region.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Background, Communists in electoral process
This was due to their policy of linguistic nationalism (the demand for a separate state of Telugu speaking people) and their support base amongst the Kamma caste which was opposed to the Reddy supported Congress. Till then, all the previous elections had been conducted on a limited franchise based on property ownership qualifications. The election of 1951 was the first one to be based on a universal franchise. The Communists had the support of most of the first time voters – landless peasants and agricultural labourers. They also had a strong presence in the agrarian district of Tanjore in Tamil Nadu where they were supported by the Dravidar Kazhagam.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Background, Split in the Dravidian Movement
The Dravidar Kazhagam (DK), the main opposition party to the Congress in the Tamil speaking areas of the state split in 1949. C. N. Annadurai, once a protege of the DK leader Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, quit the DK and founded a new party – Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). Both the DK and the DMK were secessionist advocates for Dravidistan- a separate state for Dravidians. Some of the old guard of the Justice party, which had been renamed as Dravidar Kazhagam in 1944, refused to accept Periyar's leadership. Led by P. T. Rajan, they insisted they were still the real Justice party and contested the 1952 elections under the "Scales" symbol.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Constituencies
According to the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies (Madras) Order, 1951, made by the President under sections 6 and 9 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950, the Madras Legislative Assembly consisted of 375 seats to be filled by election, distributed in 309 constituencies and 62 two-member constituencies in each of which a seat had been reserved for Scheduled Castes and four two-member constituencies in each of which a seat had been reserved for Scheduled Tribes. Three seats were uncontested. The elections were conducted for the remaining 372 seats.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Constituencies
The two member constituencies were established in accordance to Article 332 of the Indian Constitution. The voting method and the plurality electoral formula were defined in The Representation of People Act, 1950. Out of the total 309 constituencies in the undivided Madras State, 66 were two member constituencies, 62 of which had one seat reserved for Scheduled Caste candidates and 4 for Scheduled Tribe candidates. These constituencies were larger in size and had greater number of voters (more than 1,00,000) when compared to general constituencies. Two separate list of candidates, a general list and a reserved list, contested in those constituencies. Each voter had to cast two votes – one for each list.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Constituencies
This system led to anomalies. In some cases like the Coimbatore – II constituency in the 1957 election, both elected members belonged to the reserved list – the candidate with second highest number of votes in reserved list secured more votes than the highest vote getter in the general list. Multiple members were elected only in the 1952 and 1957 elections as double member representation was abolished in 1961 by the enactment of Two-Member Constituencies Abolition Act (1961).


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Political Parties
The main opponents for the Congress in Madras were the CPI, Prakasam's Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party (KMPP) and the Krishikar Lok Party led by N. G. Ranga (a breakaway group from KMPP's predecessor - the Hyderabad State Praja Party). The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) did not contest the 1952 election. Instead it supported the candidates of the Vanniyar caste based parties – the Commonweal Party and the Tamil Nadu Toilers Party – and five independents in Chengelpet, Salem, North and South Arcot districts. The candidates they backed had to sign a pledge to support DMK's agenda in the legislative assembly.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Political Parties
The Dravidar Kazhagam also did not participate directly in the election. However, it supported the Communists in an effort to defeat the Indian National Congress which it claimed was a Brahmin dominated party. It also supported a number of other parties and Independents in the election. The Justice party, led by P. T. Rajan contested in nine seats.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Election
Polling was held in nine phases (2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 16, 21 and 25 January) in January 1952. In all, 2,507 persons filed their nominations-2,472 men and 35 women. Of these, the nominations were rejected in respect of 79 candidates-78 men and one woman. Seven hundred and fifty-one candidates withdrew their nominations in time-741 men and 10 women.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Government formation, Election of C. Rajagopalachari
The composite Madras State then included parts of Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Karnataka with a total of 375 assembly members. The Indian National Congress was reduced to a minority with 152 members in an assembly of 375. It won 4 seats from the 29 in Malabar, 43 of the 143 in the Andhra areas, 96 of the 190 Tamil constituencies and 9 of the 11 seats from Kannada speaking areas. Kumaraswami Raja, the incumbent Chief Minister lost the election along with five members of his cabinet (Bezawada Gopala Reddy, Kala Venkata Rao, K. Chandramouli, K. Madhava Menon and M. Bhaktavatsalam).


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Government formation, Election of C. Rajagopalachari
A large number of CPI members were elected from Andhra region of Madras state which had for some years demanded a separate state for Telugu speaking areas. In February 1952, the non-congress members convened under T. Prakasam, leader of the KMPP, at Madras to form the United Democratic Front (UDF) and issued a "Common Minimum Program". They claimed to control 166 seats (CPI and CPI backed independents – 70, KMPP – 36, Tamil Nadu Toilers Party – 19, Commonweal party – 6, FBL (MG) – 3, SCF – 1, JUSP −1 and Independents – 30).


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Government formation, Election of C. Rajagopalachari
Prakasam wrote to the Governor Sri Prakasa staking his claim to form the Government as the leader of the single largest formation. The Congress did not want the Communists taking power or to impose Governor's rule in the state. It brought Rajaji out of retirement to form the Government as a consensus candidate. Kamaraj, President of the Madras Provincial Congress Committee was of the opinion that the UDF should be allowed to form the Government as he had predicted the weak coalition might eventually fall apart. However other leaders such as T. T. Krishnamachari and Ramnath Goenka wanted Rajaji to be nominated to form the Government.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Government formation, Election of C. Rajagopalachari
Rajaji was invited by Sri Prakasa to form the Government on 1 April 1952 and was sworn in on 10 April 1952. He refused to run for a by-election and the Governor nominated him for the assembly's upper house (Legislative Council). It was considered to be a "constitutional impropriety" as the nomination of a member to the Council could be done only at the recommendation of the cabinet. But in this case, the Governor acted unilaterally when no cabinet had been formed yet.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Government formation, Election of C. Rajagopalachari
On 6 May, the incumbent Speaker of the assembly, J. Shivashanmugam Pillai of the Congress was reelected as the Speaker defeating independent MLA Swayamprakasam by 206 votes to 162. On 3 July, Rajaji was able to win a vote of confidence with the support of 200 members with 151 opposing (and 1 neutral). This was the first time such a "confidence motion" was moved in any legislature in India. He was able to secure the majority by engineering a series of defections from the UDF and with the help of other parties:


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Government formation, Election of K. Kamaraj
Andhra State was formed from the Telugu-speaking regions of Madras State after a widespread agitation in 1953. The Madras assembly was reduced from 375 to 230, 140 members going to Andhra and 5 to Mysore with the Congress Party controlling 118 seats; an outright majority. This strengthened the positions of non-Brahmin Congress forces under the leadership of K. Kamaraj. He ousted Rajaji on 31 March 1954 and was elected the leader of Congress Legislative Party. Kamaraj consolidated his position by offering ministerial position to leaders of Tamil Nadu Toilers Party and Commonweal Party. This event marked the end of Brahmin domination in Tamil Nadu Congress.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Impact
Kamaraj resigned his presidency of the Provincial Congress Committee owning responsibility for the election loss and was soon replaced by P. Subbarayan. Rajaji's nomination to the Legislative Council was challenged in the Madras High Court by P. Ramamurthi, the CPI MLA from Madurai North Constituency. Chief Justice Rajamannar and Justice Venkatarama Ayyar, who heard the public interest writ petition declined to intervene by opining that "the court could not decide political rights or enforce public interest or constitutional conventions".


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Impact
This precedent set by Governor Prakasa became the first among a long list of constitutional improprieties committed by governors to help the party in power in the central government. The Sarkaria Commission established in 1983 to examine the balance of power between state and central governments remarked on the precedent that the "Governor's task is to see that a government is formed and not to try to form a government which will pursue the policies he approves".


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Cabinet, Kamaraj's Cabinet
Members of cabinet who served between 13 April 1954 – 13 April 1957 under the Chief Ministership of Kamraj are


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, List of elected members, Tamil Nadu
Election results from constituencies which would later become part of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Karnataka are listed here.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Delimitation and Reorganisation
On 1 October 1953, a separate Andhra State consisting of the Telugu-speaking areas of the composite Madras State was formed and the Kannada-speaking area of Bellary District was merged with the then Mysore State. This reduced the strength of the Legislative Assembly to 231.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Delimitation and Reorganisation
On 1 November 1956, Madras State was re-organized as per States Reorganisation Act, 1956. Malabar District of the state was transferred to the new state of Kerala, and a new union territory, Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Islands, was carved out. The southern part (Tamil-speaking area) of Travancore-Cochin (present day Kanyakumari district) and Shenkottah taluk were merged into the state. Later in 1968, the state was renamed as Tamil Nadu. This led to re-organization of legislative assembly constituencies during 1957 assembly elections in the state.


1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election, Delimitation and Reorganisation
The strength of the Madras Legislative Assembly was increased to 205 in accordance with the new Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order 1956, made by the Delimitation Commission of India under the provisions of the State Reorganisation Act, 1956. The 1957 elections were conducted for these 205 seats.


1952 Maine Black Bears football team
The 1952 Maine Black Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of Maine as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1952 college football season. In its second season under head coach Harold Westerman, the team compiled a 4–3 record (3–1 against conference opponents) and finished in a three-way tie for the Yankee Conference championship. The team played its home games at Alumni Field in Orono, Maine. John Butterfield and Phil Butterfield, Jr., were the team captains.


1952 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1952 Maine gubernatorial election took place on September 8, 1952. Incumbent Republican Governor Frederick G. Payne was term limited and seeking election to the United States Senate, thus did not run. Maine Senate President Burton M. Cross faced off against Democratic challenger, former Congressman James C. Oliver (who served in Congress as a Republican) and Independent Neil Bishop in the general election, easily defeating both men. Burton's election was the ninth consecutive victory for the Republicans in Maine gubernatorial races.


1952 Maine gubernatorial election
The period after the election itself was rather unusual. Cross actually became Governor about two weeks prior to the start of his elected term of office – the outgoing Governor, Frederick G. Payne had resigned on December 25, 1952 to prepare for his term in the United States Senate. Cross, as President of the Senate became Governor through constitutional succession. Cross himself resigned as Senate President (and Governor) at 10:00am January 6, 1953 and was replaced for the next 25 hours by Nathaniel Haskell. At 11:00am on January 7, 1953, Cross' official elected term of office began.


1952 Maine gubernatorial election, Notes
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1952 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 1952 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 19th playing of the midsummer classic between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and National League (NL), the two leagues comprising Major League Baseball. The game was held on July 8, 1952, at Shibe Park in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania the home of the Philadelphia Phillies of the National League. The game resulted in the National League defeating the American League 3–2 in 5 innings. It was the first All-Star Game—and to date, the only—to be called early due to rain.


1952 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
Mickey Mantle was selected an All-Star for the first time, as was pitcher Satchel Paige, who a day before the game turned 46 years old. Neither appeared in the game.


1952 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Synopsis
Jackie Robinson's first-inning home run off American League starting pitcher Vic Raschi to deep left field gave the National League a 1-0 lead.


1952 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Synopsis
In the top of the fourth inning, Minnie Miñoso doubled, Al Rosen drew a walk and Eddie Robinson singled in the AL's first run. Next batter Bobby Ávila's infield single made it 2-1.


1952 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Synopsis
Before the rain came, the NL struck back with a Hank Sauer homer off Bob Lemon in the bottom of the fourth, with what turned out to be the game-winning runs.


1952 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Rosters
Players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.


1952 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Game, Umpires
Al Barlick  (NL)(home), Charlie Berry (AL) (first base), Dusty Boggess (NL)(second base), Bill Summers (AL)(third base), Lon Warneke (NL)(left field), Hank Soar (AL) (right field)


1952 Major League Baseball season
The 1952 Major League Baseball season was contested from April 15 to October 7, 1952. The Braves were playing their final season in Boston, before the team relocated to Milwaukee the following year, thus, ending fifty seasons without any MLB team relocating.


1952 Malayan local elections
The local elections were held in a common date (6 December 1952) for all six municipal and town councils in the Federation of Malaya.


1952 Malayan local elections, Local councils election, Pasir Pinji New Village
The Pasir Pinji New Village local council election is the first election to be held in Perak in December 1952.


1952 Maldivian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in the Maldives on 17 and 18 April 1952. The new constitution would convert the country from a monarchy to a republic.


1952 Maldivian constitutional referendum, Background
After the death of Sultan Abdul Majeed Didi on 21 February 1952, the members of the country's parliament chose Mohamed Amin Didi to be the next Sultan. However, he stated that "for the sake of the people of Maldives I would not accept the crown and the throne".


1952 Maldivian constitutional referendum, Background
The People's Majlis voted on 13 April to form a commission with Amin Didi as its chairman to determine the country's future governance structure. Other members included Famuladeyri Kaleygefan, Chief Justice Abdullah Jalaludeen, Majlis Speaker Malim Moosa Mafaiy Kilegefan, Deputy Vazirul-Auzam Ibrahim Mohamed Didi, Kolhumadulu Atoll MP Ibrahim Shihab, Galolhu MP Bucha Hassan Kaleygefan and Faadhippolhu Atoll chief Kaannaa Kaleygefan. On 16 April the People's Majlis affirmed the commission's decision to form a republic, and to hold a referendum on a new constitution over the following two days. However, the referendum would only be held in Malé.


1952 Maldivian constitutional referendum, Results
The results of the referendum were announced at 16:00 on 18 April. A large majority had voted in favour, and the new constitution came into force on 1 January 1953. Didi became the country's first President after winning almost 96% of the vote in an election. However, he was overthrown on 21 August that year. Following a referendum in the same month, the country reverted to monarchy status on 7 March 1954, with Muhammad Fareed Didi as sultan.


1952 Maldivian constitutional referendum, Results
In 1968 a third referendum on the issue was held, resulting in the country becoming a republic for the second time.


1952 Maldivian presidential election
Presidential elections were held for the first time in the Maldives in 1952. They followed the approval of a new constitution in a referendum in March 1952, which had changed the country's system of governance from being a monarchy to a republic.


1952 Maldivian presidential election
The result was a victory for Mohamed Amin Didi, who received almost 96% of the vote. Amin Didi subsequently became the country's first President.


1952 Marquette Hilltoppers football team
The 1952 Marquette Hilltoppers football team was an American football team that represented Marquette University as an independent during the 1952 college football season. In its third season under head coach Lisle Blackbourn, the team compiled a 3–5–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 214 to 181. The team played its home games at Marquette Stadium in Milwaukee.


1952 Marshall Thundering Herd football team
The 1952 Marshall Thundering Herd football team was an American football team that represented Marshall University as an independent during the 1952 college football season. In its second season under head coach Pete Pederson, the team compiled a 2–7–2 record and was outscored by a total of 233 to 193. The team played its home games at Fairfield Stadium in Huntington, West Virginia.


1952 Maryland State Hawks football team
The 1952 Maryland State Hawks football team was an American football team that represented Maryland State College (now known as University of Maryland Eastern Shore) during the 1952 college football season. In their fifth season under head coach Vernon McCain, the team compiled a 9–1 record, shut out five of ten opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 257 to 52.


1952 Maryland Terrapins football team
The 1952 Maryland Terrapins football team represented the University of Maryland in 1951 college football season as a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon). However, during the 1952 season, Maryland underwent sanctions by the Southern Conference that disallowed the team from playing any conference opponents. This was in response to Maryland's violation of a newly instituted ban on postseason play the year prior by its participation in the 1952 Sugar Bowl. Jim Tatum served as the head coach for the sixth season of his nine-year tenure. The team compiled a 7–2 record The loss against 14th-ranked Mississippi ended Maryland's school-record 22-game winning streak. After the season, Maryland left the Southern Conference in order to become a founding member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC).


1952 Massachusetts elections
A Massachusetts general election was held on November 4, 1952 in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Primary elections took place on September 16.


1952 Massachusetts elections
At the federal level, Representative John F. Kennedy defeated incumbent Senator Henry Cabot Lodge in a close election.


1952 Massachusetts elections
In the race for Governor, Republican Christian Herter defeated incumbent Democrat Paul Dever. Republicans also defeated incumbent Democrats in the races for Lieutenant Governor and Attorney General.


1952 Massachusetts elections, Governor
Republican Christian Herter was elected over Democratic incumbent Paul A. Dever, Peace Progressive candidate Florence H. Luscomb, Socialist Labor candidate Lawrence Gilfedder, and Prohibition candidate Guy S. Williams.


1952 Massachusetts elections, Lieutenant Governor
Republican Sumner G. Whittier was elected Lieutenant Governor over Democratic incumbent Charles F. Sullivan, Socialist Labor candidate Francis A. Votano, and Prohibition candidate William R. Ferry.


1952 Massachusetts elections, Lieutenant Governor, Republican primary, Results
Sumner Whittier ran unopposed for the Republican nomination for Lt. Governor.


1952 Massachusetts elections, Attorney General
Republican George Fingold was elected Attorney General over Democratic incumbent Francis E. Kelly, Socialist Workers candidate Arthur W. Blomen, and Prohibition candidate Howard B. Rand in the general election.


1952 Massachusetts elections, Secretary of the Commonwealth
Incumbent Secretary of the Commonwealth Edward J. Cronin defeated Republican Beatrice Hancock Mullaney, Socialist Labor candidate Fred M. Ingersoll, and Prohibition candidate Alice M. Ferry in the general election.


1952 Massachusetts elections, Treasurer and Receiver-General
Incumbent Treasurer and Receiver-General Foster Furcolo defeated Republican Roy C. Papalia, Socialist Labor candidate Henning A. Blomen, and Prohibition candidate Harold J. Ireland in the general election.


1952 Massachusetts elections, Auditor
Incumbent Auditor Thomas J. Buckley defeated Republican David J. Mintz, Socialist Labor candidate Anthony Martin, and Prohibition candidate Robert A. Simmons in the general election.


1952 Massachusetts elections, United States Senate
Democrat John F. Kennedy was elected over Republican incumbent Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., Socialist Labor candidate Thelma Ingersoll, and Prohibition candidate Mark R. Shaw.


1952 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1952 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1952. Republican Christian Herter defeated Democratic incumbent Paul A. Dever, Socialist Labor candidate Lawrence Gilfedder, Peace Progressive candidate Florence H. Luscomb, and Prohibition candidate Guy S. Williams.


1952 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, Republican primary, Results
Christian Herter ran unopposed for the Republican nomination for Governor.


1952 Masters Tournament
The 1952 Masters Tournament was the 16th Masters Tournament, held April 3–6 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.


1952 Masters Tournament
In strong winds and cool temperatures on the final two days, Sam Snead held on to the lead and won the second of his three Masters titles, four strokes ahead of runner-up Jack Burke Jr. It was the sixth of Snead's seven major titles.


1952 Masters Tournament
Defending champion Ben Hogan hosted the first Masters Club dinner (popularly known as the Champions dinner). He was the co-leader with Snead after three rounds at 214 (−2), but shot a 79 (+7) on  Sunday and finished seven strokes back.


1952 Masters Tournament
With a Sunday gallery estimated at 18,000 patrons at five dollars each, the purse was doubled by the tournament committee to $20,000, with a winner's share of $4,000.


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Jimmy Demaret (7,10), Claude Harmon, Ben Hogan (2,6,7,9,10), Byron Nelson (2,6,9), Henry Picard (6,10), Gene Sarazen (2,4,6,9), Horton Smith, Sam Snead (4,6,7,9,10,12), Craig Wood (2)


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Billy Burke, Lawson Little (3,5,9), Lloyd Mangrum (7,9,10), Fred McLeod, Cary Middlecoff (9,10), Lew Worsham (9,10)


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Ted Bishop (a), Dick Chapman (5,8,9,a), Charles Coe (8,9,11,a), Billy Maxwell (11,a), Skee Riegel (9,10), Jess Sweetser (5,a), Sam Urzetta (8,a), Bud Ward


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Jim Ferrier (9), Vic Ghezzi, Bob Hamilton, Chandler Harper, Johnny Revolta (10)


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Skip Alexander, Jack Burke Jr. (9,12), Clayton Heafner (9,10), Ed Oliver (10)


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Dow Finsterwald, Bill Goodloe (a), Bobby Knowles (a), Jim McHale Jr. (a), Al Mengert (a), Harvie Ward (a)


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Al Besselink (10), Julius Boros (10), Johnny Bulla (12), Dave Douglas (10), George Fazio, Ed Furgol, Joe Kirkwood Jr. (10), Bob Toski


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Charlie Bassler (12), Al Brosch (12), Marty Furgol, Ray Gafford, Fred Hawkins, Chuck Kocsis (a), Johnny Palmer, Smiley Quick, Earl Stewart, Buck White


1952 Masters Tournament, Field
Stan Leonard, Bobby Locke (4,10), Albert Pélissier, Norman Von Nida


1952 Mauritanian Territorial Assembly election
Territorial Assembly elections were held in Mauritania on 30 March 1952. The result was a victory for the Mauritanian Progressive Union, which won 22 of the 24 seats.


1952 Mauritanian Territorial Assembly election, Electoral system
The Territorial Assembly was elected by two colleges; the first college elected 8 members and the second 16.


1952 Meath Intermediate Football Championship
The 1952 Meath Intermediate Football Championship is the 26th edition of the Meath GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for intermediate graded teams in County Meath, Ireland. The tournament consists of 8 teams. The championship applied a league format.


1952 Meath Intermediate Football Championship
At the end of the season Syddan 'B' applied to be regraded to the 1953 J.F.C.


1952 Meath Intermediate Football Championship
St. Peter's Dunboyne claimed their 1st Intermediate championship title after finishing top of the table. Their triumph was sealed by the defeat of St. Vincent's 1-7 to 1-6 at Pairc Tailteann on 9 November 1952.


1952 Meath Intermediate Football Championship, Team changes
The following teams have changed division since the 1951 championship season.


1952 Meath Intermediate Football Championship, League Table & Fixtures/Results
The club with the best record were declared I.F.C. champions. Many results were unavailable in the Meath Chronicle.


1952 Meath Senior Football Championship
The 1952 Meath Senior Football Championship is the 60th edition of the Meath GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior graded teams in County Meath, Ireland. The tournament consists of 12 teams. The championship employs a group stage followed by a final between the group winners.


1952 Meath Senior Football Championship
The championship had two divisional sides known as North Meath and South Meath, each composed of top players from Intermediate and Junior club players in their district.


1952 Meath Senior Football Championship
This season saw St. Patrick's debut in the top flight (a little over a year since the establishment of the club in late 1950) after claiming the 1951 Meath Intermediate Football Championship title. Kells Harps also made their debut in the grade after claiming the 1951 J.F.C. title.


1952 Meath Senior Football Championship
Syddan were the defending champions after they defeated Skryne in the previous years final, and they successfully defended their title to claim by defeating the same opposition in the final at Pairc Tailteann by 0-7 to 0-4 on 4 January 1953. This was the club's 3rd S.F.C. title overall. The attendance at the match was approximately 11,500.


1952 Meath Senior Football Championship
At the end of the season no club was regraded to the 1953 I.F.C.


1952 Meath Senior Football Championship, Team Changes
The following teams have changed division since the 1951 championship season.


1952 Meath Senior Football Championship, Group stage
There are 2 groups called Group A and B. The top finisher in each group will qualify for the Final. Many results were unavailable in the Meath Chronicle.


1952 Meistaradeildin
1952 Meistaradeildin was the tenth season of Meistaradeildin, the top tier of the Faroese football league system. The championship was contested in a league format, with five teams playing against each other twice. KÍ Klaksvík won its third league title in the season.


1952 Memorial Cup
The 1952 Memorial Cup final was the 34th junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Guelph Biltmore Mad Hatters of the Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champion Regina Pats of the Western Canada Junior Hockey League in Western Canada. In a best-of-seven series, held at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto, Ontario, and the Guelph Memorial Gardens in Guelph, Ontario, Guelph won their 1st Memorial Cup, defeating Regina 4 games to 0.


1952 Memorial Cup, Winning roster
Doug Ashley, Andy Bathgate, Frank Bettiol, Marvin Brewer, Lou Fontinato, Ken Graham, Aldo Guidolin, Terry Hagan, Chuck Henderson, Harry Howell, Ken Laufman, Doug Lesser, Bill McCreary, Ron Murphy, Ron Pirie, Dean Prentice, Ray Ross, Ron Stewart, Ken Uniac, Ted Brady, Jim Connelly. Coach: Alf Pike


1952 Memphis State Tigers football team
The 1952 Memphis State Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Memphis State College (now known as the University of Memphis) as an independent during the 1952 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Ralph Hatley, Memphis State compiled a 2–7 record.


1952 Men's British Open Squash Championship
The 1952 Open Championship was held at the Lansdowne Club in London from 02-7 April. Hashim Khan won his second consecutive title defeating four times champion Mahmoud Karim in the final.


1952 Mercer Bears baseball team
The 1952 Mercer Bears baseball team represented the Mercer Bears  in the 1952 NCAA baseball season.


1952 Mestaruussarja
The 1952 season was the twenty-second completed season of Finnish Football League Championship, known as the Mestaruussarja.


1952 Mestaruussarja, Overview
The Mestaruussarja was administered by the Finnish Football Association and the competition's 1952 season was contested by 10 teams. KTP Kotka won the championship and the two lowest placed teams of the competition, TPK Turku and TPS Turku, were relegated to the Suomensarja.


1952 Mexican general election
General elections were held in Mexico on 7 July 1952. The presidential elections were won by Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, who received 74.3% of the vote. In the Chamber of Deputies election, the Institutional Revolutionary Party won 151 of the 161 seats. These were the last presidential elections in Mexico in which women were not allowed to vote.


1952 Mexican general election, Campaign
President Miguel Alemán Valdés appointed his Minister of the Interior, Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, as the PRI's presidential candidate.


1952 Mexican general election, Campaign
Miguel Henríquez Guzmán, a former priísta who left the party in 1951, was nominated as the candidate of the Federation of the Mexican People's Parties. The National Action Party (PAN) nominated Efraín González Luna as their first-ever presidential candidate. Finally, the well-known union leader Vicente Lombardo Toledano ran as the Popular Socialist Party's candidate.


1952 Mexican general election, Campaign
The 1952 campaign season saw the model of political advertising aimed at praising the virtues of a party's candidate adopted. It was also the first time in Mexican history that market research was used in a political campaign.


1952 Mexican general election, Campaign
Among the opposition candidates, Henríquez Guzmán became particularly popular. His campaign used a mariachi tune composed for him by Manuel Ramos Trujillo to promote his candidacy. Though this use of campaign jingles was condemned by critics who saw it as taking away the seriousness of politics, the success of the song throughout many regions of the country led to widespread adoption of this and other marketing techniques in future campaigns.


1952 Mexican general election, Campaign
The alleged role of the family of former President Lázaro Cárdenas regarding this election has been widely commented: Amalia Solórzano and Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas -respectively the wife and son of the former President- reportedly supported Henríquez Guzmán's candidacy, while Dámaso Cárdenas (brother of Lázaro and then-governor of Michoacán) emphatically campaigned in favour of Ruiz Cortines; Lázaro himself was rumoured to be a simpatizer of Henríquez Guzmán, although officially he supported Ruiz Cortines -albeit in a rather discreet manner-.


1952 Mexican general election, Campaign
The former governor of Baja California Sur, Francisco J. Múgica (by then estranged from the PRI) made some statements during the campaign accusing Ruiz Cortines of having collaborated with the Americans during the 1914 US occupation of Veracruz. Ruiz Cortines denied the accusations and claimed that at the time he was in Mexico City in service of the Revolution under the command of Alfredo Robles Domínguez and Heriberto Jara Corona. Later in the campaign, during a visit to Veracruz on 7 June, the Municipality of Xalapa honoured him with a parchment denying the accusations and naming him a "Patriot and Illustrious Son of Veracruz".


1952 Mexican general election, Aftermath
In the official election count, Ruiz Cortines won with more than 74 percent of the popular vote, followed by Henríquez Guzmán with 16 percent. These results set off a wave of protests in several states by Henríquez supporters, which were violently suppressed by the administration of Miguel Alemán Valdés. Among those calling for justice were the former Mexican ambassador to Honduras, José Muñoz Cota Ibáñez, and Alicia Pérez Salazar.


1952 Mexican general election, Aftermath
Some military chiefs, sympathizers of Henríquez Guzmán and aligned with former president Lázaro Cárdenas, seized the opportunity and proposed to carry out a Coup d'état so that Henríquez would become president. However, it was Henríquez himself who rejected the plan, and instead he asked his supporters to stop the violent protests. Despite the intensity of the protests, the results stood, and as a result Henríquez Guzmán then retired from public life.


1952 Mexican general election, Aftermath
Many years after the election, Ruiz Cortines revealed that only five weeks before he was scheduled to take office, he underwent a surgery to get rid of a hernia; to keep the surgery as a secret from the media, an operating room was temporally installed in Ruiz Cortines' Mexico City residence. After the successful surgery, Ruiz Cortines took office as scheduled on 1 December.


1952 Miami Hurricanes football team
The 1952 Miami Hurricanes football team represented the University of Miami as an independent during the 1952 college football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Andy Gustafson, the Hurricanes played their home games at Burdine Stadium in Miami, Florida. Miami finished the season 4–7.


1952 Miami Redskins football team
The 1952 Miami Redskins football team was an American football team that represented Miami University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1952 college football season. In its second season under head coach Ara Parseghian, Miami compiled an 8–1 record (4–1 against MAC opponents), finished in second place in the MAC, held five of nine opponents to seven points or less, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 284 to 108.


1952 Miami Redskins football team
John McVay was the team captain. The team's statistical leaders included Tom Pagna with 1,064 rushing yards, Jim Root with 1,056 passing yards, and Clive Rush with 298 receiving yards.


1952 Michigan State Normal Hurons football team
The 1952 Michigan State Normal Hurons football team represented Michigan State Normal College (renamed Eastern Michigan College in 1956 and Eastern Michigan University in 1959) in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (IIAC) during the 1952 college football season. In their first season under head coach Fred Trosko, the Hurons compiled a 5–3–1 record (3–2–1 against IIAC opponents), finished in third place in the IIAC, and outscored their opponents, 154 to 146. The team was rated as the best team fielded by the school since 1945.


1952 Michigan State Normal Hurons football team
Lineman Christopher J. Armelagos was the team captain. He was also voted as the team's most valuable player. The team's statistical leaders included Bob Middlekauff with 540 yards of total offense, Ed Skowneski with 328 rushing yards, and Dick Moseley with seven touchdowns and 42 points. Chris Armelagos received the team's most valuable player award.


1952 Michigan State Normal Hurons football team
Trosko was hired as the school's head coach in July 1952. In 1951, he had coached Owosso High School to an undefeated and was named Michigan's high school coach of the year by the Detroit Free Press. He had previously played at the halfback position for the University of Michigan football team from 1937 to 1939. Trosko remained as the head football coach at Michigan State Normal/Eastern Michigan for 13 years through the 1964 season.


1952 Michigan State Spartans football team
The 1952 Michigan State Spartans football team represented Michigan State College in the 1952 college football season. The Spartans were led by head coach Clarence "Biggie" Munn and recorded a perfect 9–0. The team was selected national champion by AP, Boand, DeVold, Dunkel, Football Research, Helms, Litkenhous, NCF, Sagarin, UPI/coaches, and Williamson, marking the school's first Consensus National Championship. Five additional major selectors chose Georgia Tech as national champion. This was Michigan State's last year as an Independent, as MSU would join the Big Ten the following year.


1952 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1952 Michigan Wolverines football team represented the University of Michigan in the 1952 Big Ten Conference football season. In its fifth year under head coach Bennie Oosterbaan, Michigan compiled a 5–4 record (4–2 against conference opponents), tied for fourth place in the Big Ten, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 207 to 134.


1952 Michigan Wolverines football team
Defensive end Merritt Green was the team captain, and quarterback Tony Branoff received the team's most valuable player award.


1952 Michigan Wolverines football team
Lowell Perry was selected by the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA) as a first-team defensive back on the 1952 College Football All-America Team. Five Michigan players received All-Big Ten honors: linebacker Roger Zatkoff (AP-1, UP-1); guard Bob Timm (AP-1); center Dick O'Shaugnessy (UP-1); left halfback Ted Kress (UP-1); and defensive tackle Art Walker (AP-1).


1952 Michigan Wolverines football team
The team's statistical leaders included Ted Kress with 559 passing yards and 623 rushing yards and Lowell Perry with 492 receiving yards.


1952 Michigan Wolverines football team, Statistical leaders
Michigan's individual statistical leaders for the 1952 season include those listed below.


1952 Michigan Wolverines football team, Personnel, Letter winners
The following players received varsity letters for their participation on the 1953 team. Players who started at least four games are shown with their names in bold.


1952 Michigan Wolverines football team, Awards and honors
Honors and awards for the 1952 season went to the following individuals.


1952 Michigan gubernatorial election
The 1952 Michigan gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1952. Incumbent Democrat G. Mennen Williams defeated Republican nominee Frederick M. Alger Jr. with 49.96% of the vote.


1952 Milan–San Remo
The 1952 Milan–San Remo was the 43rd edition of the Milan–San Remo cycle race and was held on 19 March 1952. The race started in Milan and finished in San Remo. The race was won by Loretto Petrucci.


1952 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
The 1952 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represented the University of Minnesota in the 1952 Big Ten Conference football season. In their second year under head coach Wes Fesler, the Golden Gophers compiled a 4–3–2 record and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 171 to 131.


1952 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
Halfback Paul Giel was named an All-American by the Associated Press, FWAA and Look Magazine. Giel received Chicago Tribune Silver Football, awarded to the most valuable player of the Big Ten. Giel, running back Bob MacNamara and guard Percy Zachary were named All-Big Ten first team. Giel finished third in voting for the Heisman Trophy.


1952 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
Total attendance for the season was 270,292, which averaged to 54,058. The season high for attendance was against rival Iowa.


1952 Minnesota gubernatorial election
The 1952 Minnesota gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1952. Republican Party of Minnesota candidate C. Elmer Anderson defeated Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party challenger Orville Freeman.


1952 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1952 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1952. Republican Party of Minnesota candidate Ancher Nelsen defeated Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party challenger Arthur Hansen.


1952 Mississippi Southern Southerners football team
The 1952 Mississippi Southern Southerners football team represented Mississippi Southern College (now known as the University of Southern Mississippi) in the 1952 college football season. The team played in the Sun Bowl against the Pacific Tigers. The Southerners compiled a 10–2 record, and outscored their opponents by a total of 409 to 189.


1952 Mississippi State Maroons football team
The 1952 Mississippi State Maroons football team represented Mississippi State College during the 1952 college football season. It was the first season as head coach for Murray Warmath, and also for quarterback Jackie Parker, who transferred to Mississippi State from Jones County Junior College. Parker rushed for 16 touchdowns in 1952, a school record that stood until Vick Ballard broke it in 2010. Parker would win his first of two SEC "Player of the Year" honors by the Nashville Banner.


1952 Missouri Tigers baseball team
The 1952 Missouri Tigers baseball team represented the University of Missouri in the 1952 NCAA baseball season. The Tigers played their home games at Rollins Field. The team was coached by Hi Simmons in his 14th season at Missouri.


1952 Missouri Tigers baseball team
Led by All-Americans Don Boenker and Junior Wren, the Tigers advanced to the 1952 College World Series, losing to Holy Cross in the championship.


1952 Missouri Tigers football team
The 1952 Missouri Tigers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Missouri in the Big Seven Conference (Big 7) during the 1952 college football season. The team compiled a 5–5 record (5–1 against Big 7 opponents), finished in second place in the Big 7, and was outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 159 to 147. Don Faurot was the head coach for the 15th of 19 seasons. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Columbia, Missouri.


1952 Missouri Tigers football team
The team's statistical leaders included Jim Hook with 741 rushing yards and 1,151 yards of total offense, Tony Scardino with 781 passing yards, Jim Jennings with 219 receiving yards, and Bill Rowekamp with 42 points scored.


1952 Missouri gubernatorial election
The 1952 Missouri gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1952 and resulted in a victory for the Democratic nominee, former Governor Phil M. Donnelly, over the Republican candidate, former Speaker of the Missouri House of Representatives Howard Elliott, and candidates representing the Progressive, Socialist and Socialist Labor parties.


1952 Missouri lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1952 Missouri lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1952. Democratic incumbent James T. Blair Jr. defeated Republican nominee Henry Arthur with 53.16% of the vote.


1952 Monaco Grand Prix
The 1952 Monaco Grand Prix was a non-championship sports car race held on June 2, 1952, at Monaco.


1952 Monaco Grand Prix
For the second time in two races, the Grand Prix suffered a multi-car pileup. In addition, it was marred by Luigi Fagioli's accident in practice, which ultimately proved fatal.


1952 Montana Grizzlies football team
The 1952 Montana Grizzlies football team represented the University of Montana in the 1952 college football season as a member of the Skyline Conference. The Grizzlies were led by first-year head coach Ed Chinske, played their home games at Dornblaser Field and finished the season with a record of two wins, seven losses and one tie (2–7–1, 1–5 Skyline).


1952 Montana State Bobcats football team
The 1952 Montana State Bobcats football team was an American football team that represented Montana State University in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1952 college football season. In its first season under head coach Tony Storti, the team compiled a 2–5 record (1–4 against conference opponents) and finished fifth out of six teams in the RMC.


1952 Montana gubernatorial election
The 1952 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1952. Incumbent Governor of Montana John W. Bonner, who was first elected governor in 1948, ran for re-election. He was unopposed in the Democratic primary and moved on to the general election, where he was opposed by J. Hugo Aronson, a State Senator and the Republican nominee. A close election ensued, with Aronson narrowly defeating Bonner to win the first of his two terms as governor.


1952 Montenegrin Republic League
The 1952 Montenegrin Republic League was seventh season of Montenegrin Republic League. Season began in March 1952 and ended in June same year.


1952 Montenegrin Republic League, Season
At the end of 1951, Football Association of Yugoslavia disbanded Yugoslav Second League. So, Montenegrin teams from higher level (Budućnost and Bokelj) were moved to Montenegrin Republic League. On season 1952, Republic League was second-tier competition in Yugoslav Second League, which meant that the winner of competition will play qualifiers for Yugoslav First League. Except Budućnost and Bokelj, members of 1952 Montenegrin Republic League were Sutjeska, Lovćen, Iskra, Bratstvo Bijelo Polje, Radnički Ivangrad and Arsenal.


1952 Montenegrin Republic League, Season, Qualifiers
While seven members placed directly, Arsenal gained participation in 1952 season through qualifiers. Below are the results of qualifying rounds. Round one: Mladost - Breznik 0-0, 0-4; Jedinstvo - Arsenal 0-0, 0-2. Semifinals: Arsenal - Mornar 5-0, 3-3; Breznik - Gorštak 2-0, 7-1. Qualifier finals: Breznik - Arsenal 1-0, 0-2.


1952 Montenegrin Republic League, Season, First phase
For the first time in history, Montenegrin Republic League was divided into two regional groups during the First phase of competition. In Northern group participated Budućnost, Bratstvo, Iskra and Radnički, while in Southern group played Sutjeska, Lovćen, Arsenal and Bokelj.


1952 Montenegrin Republic League, Season, First phase, Norhern group
As a former member of Yugoslav First League, Budućnost dominated in Northern group competition. During the third week, guest players attacked the referee on game Iskra - Radnički in Danilovgrad. That was the reason why Radnički was disqualified from the rest of competition. Budućnost finished group with five wins and one defeat. Most goals (9) was seen on the game Budućnost - Bratstvo (9-0).


1952 Montenegrin Republic League, Season, First phase, Southern group
Until the last week, three teams had chances to win the first place in Southern group. At the end, the winner was Sutjeska, with one point more than Lovćen and Bokelj. Sutjeska finished group with four wins and two defeats. Most goals (7) was seen on the game Lovćen - Arsenal (7-0).


1952 Montenegrin Republic League, Season, Championship finals
Finalists of 1952 Montenegrin Republic League were Budućnost and Sutjeska. Two Montenegrin Derby games decided about the title and about the team which participated in the qualifiers for 1953 Yugoslav First League. Budućnost made significant result in the first final game (3-0) in Titograd. Second match finished with another win of Budućnost (2-1).


1952 Montenegrin Republic League, Season, Championship finals
As a winner of Montenegrin Republic League, Budućnost participated in qualifiers for Yugoslav First League.


1952 Montenegrin Republic League, Season, Qualifiers for Yugoslav First League
In the qualifiers, Budućnost played against champions of Republic Leagues of SR Serbia (Spartak Subotica and SR Macedonia (Pobeda Prilep. After four games, Budućnost and Spartak have equal points at the top of the table, but the team from Subotica had better goal difference. So, Budućnost failed to make a comeback to Yugoslav First League.


1952 Montserratian general election
General elections were held in Montserrat on 20 February 1952. They were the first elections in Montserrat held under universal suffrage, which had been introduced the previous year. The result was a victory for the Montserrat Labour Party, which won all five seats in the Legislative Council.


1952 Montserratian general election, Campaign
A total of 11 candidates contested the elections, with the MLP running a full slate of candidates and the Merchant Planters putting forward four. As a result, Michael Walkinshaw was elected unopposed in the Central constituency.