1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Books written by (and for) the members of the team, Lachenal (1996): Carnets du vertige
The same year Michel Guérin of Éditions Guérin, the mountaineering publisher, published an unexpurgated version of Lachenal's diary, also including the "Commentaires", under the same title Carnets du vertige. The original manuscript had been left to Lachenal's son Jean-Claude, who had become angry with the changes the editors had made in 1956. However, Herzog had befriended the Lachenal family and Jean-Claude had not wanted to cause any hurt. Eventually Guérin persuaded him to allow full publication.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Books written by (and for) the members of the team, Lachenal (1996): Carnets du vertige
There was a favourable book review in the Alpine Journal that provided an assessment of the situation. It was because he was a professional mountain guide that Lachenal had continued with Herzog to the summit. By doing so, through frostbite, he lost the ability to continue his career – and allowed Herzog to triumph in his.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Books written by (and for) the members of the team, Lachenal (1996): Carnets du vertige
In his diaries Lachenal admitted that a sherpa had fallen to his death from the Nilgiri ridge on their return march but no one else had mentioned this. No one else wrote of the daily use of morphine as a pain-killer while the casualties were being carried out and that Rébuffat was the only person who was attentive to Lachenal. Back in 1956 the text Gérard Herzog had excluded was about matters he considered too unpleasant for publication such as the climbers being offered young girls for sex and, when this was refused, being offered young boys instead. Minor comments had also been edited: "Evening, the eternal chicken and potatoes" had been removed while "We opened a bottle of white wine" had been kept.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Books written by (and for) the members of the team, Herzog (1998): L'autre Annapurna
The publication of these books in 1996 had caused serious controversy: mountaineering journalists started expressing doubts about the reliability of Herzog's book. Herzog's rejoinder was to publish a memoir L'autre Annapurna in 1998 when he was eighty years old.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Books written by (and for) the members of the team, Herzog (1998): L'autre Annapurna
Le Figaro described it as a meditation rather than a biography, "a witty and modest account". Libération deplored its name-dropping and Pierre Mazeaud in Le Faucigny said "I succeeded in getting to page 16. But when I saw that he had not a single word for poor Lachenal, I couldn't get any further."


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Books written by (and for) the members of the team, Herzog (1998): L'autre Annapurna
Herzog wrote that originally he had not intended to write a book but a hospital nurse had suggested writing would be good therapy for him. He said that even after nearly 50 years his Annapurna experience still imbued his reborn life with "indescribable happiness". He said that one member of the party was only accepted by the appointments committee on the understanding that Herzog could send him away at any time. However, like everyone in the team, this unnamed person had behaved as a "true comrade ... despite what was apparently divulged much later".


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Books written by (and for) the members of the team, Herzog (1998): L'autre Annapurna
Roberts has claimed that almost all expert observers agreed that it was Lachenal being referred to. Whereas in 1951 he had written that Lachenal, after his serious fall at Camp V, wanted Terray to take him down to Camp II, in L'autre Annapurna he said Lachenal just wanted to stay where he was and die.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Books written by (and for) the members of the team, Herzog (1998): L'autre Annapurna
Interviewed by Roberts in 1999, Herzog told him the controversy had not bothered him. No one had doubted what he had written. He had shown the manuscript of Annapurna to everyone who had been on the expedition and they were impressed – even Lachenal. Contradicting his 1951 account, he said his frostbite had not been caused by losing his gloves because he had simply put his hands in his pockets. Instead, the cause was digging in the snow in their overnight crevasse trying to find the buried boots. Indeed, in L'autre Annapurna he did not mention losing his gloves at all. Explaining various differences between his two accounts Herzog said Annapurna was a novel, but a true novel. He considered his first book to be objective and the other was subjective.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Reactions in the press
The combination of Rébuffat's disillusioned story and the obvious censorship of Lachenal's writing caused a storm of revisionism in the French press. Frédéric Potet wrote: "The whole world remembers Maurice Herzog, the first biped to have trod, in 1950, atop a mountain of more than 8,000 metres. The others – Rébuffat, Terray, Lachenal? Who were they? Where did they come from? What did they do?" Major newspapers in France and mountaineering magazines worldwide joined the criticism. In the American Alpine Journal: "I am sorry we have had to wait so long for the true story. All around us we can see the damage done by false information."


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Reactions in the press
La Montagne et Alpinisme, however, considered there was too much fuss: five-year embargoes were normal in 1950 and the distinction between professional guides and amateur climbers had lost any significance by that time.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Reactions in the press
Montagnes magazine investigated and reported that Terray had not received the Légion d'honneur because Devies and Herzog had been opposed to it. They also found that, despite rumours that several mountaineers had been seriously injured, their wives waiting anxiously at home were told nothing by Devies because of the exclusive publication contract with Le Figaro and Paris Match. Le Monde discovered that before leaving for France Ichac had searched Rébuffat bodily to check he was not smuggling back any film.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Reactions in the press
Ichac had not gone above Camp II so Rébuffat had taken all the higher photographs except those at the summit taken by Lachenal and one by Herzog. Despite this, all published photographs were credited to Ichac. It later emerged that Rébuffat succeeded in covertly bringing back the film used by Lachenal and he developed it before returning all the photographs but one to Ichac. The one he kept back, which he kept for the rest of his life, had been too embarrassing for Lachenal to bear becoming public – the one of Herzog waving the tyre company Kléber's pennant on the summit.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Reactions in the press
Interviewed by Le Monde, Herzog said "What I wrote in Annapurna is the exact truth. ... My writings have never been contradicted." To Montagnes he said the passages had been removed from Lachenal's book because they did not interest the editors.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Reactions in the press
The 1998 publication of Herzog's L'autre Annapurna again stirred up the press. In an interview Herzog now said Lachenal was an excessive personality and he and Devies had removed passages from Lachenal's draft to avoid charges of defamation and to keep things calm. He said Herzog's brother had helped Lachenal because he was incapable of writing, that Lachenal was very happy with the rewrite and that Lachenal's son had made up the story about the draft being distorted. The sherpa Foutharkay was drawn into the arguments, saying that Sir Edmund Hillary was a hero in Nepal but Herzog not so.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Annapurna and other expedition books, Reactions in the press
Roberts' book about the controversy has itself also been criticised. In reviewing True Summit the American Alpine Journal said "David Roberts has none of the Himalayan expedition experience necessary to put the events in context."


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Did they really reach the summit?
Even as far back as 1950 a small number of people doubted the expedition had reached the summit. One of the problems was the famous "summit photo" (see image at head of article) that seems to show the ground sloping up higher than Herzog's feet. Also, after Lachenal's death it was claimed he used to say he had no memory of the summit, or another version was that he had once said had not got there at all. Even fifty years later there were doubts from a small minority.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Did they really reach the summit?
Herzog had written there was a fierce wind at the summit but in the photo he seems to be having to hold the flag out straight. The only summit photograph taken by Herzog, one of Lachenal, he kept hidden until after Lachenal's death. This blurred image shows him sitting leaning against a rock not looking at all victorious.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Did they really reach the summit?
On the other hand, Terray wrote that, although Lachenal could not remember anything of the descent, he had told Terray of his feelings at the summit: "Those moments when one had expected a fugitive and piercing happiness had in fact brought only a painful sense of emptiness." Rébuffat's wife said her husband had never doubted they had got there. His journal recorded that, when they met up at Camp V, Herzog suggested Rébuffat and Terray go up to the summit while Herzog and Lachenal continued down. They would have noticed if their footprints had not extended all the way to the top.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Did they really reach the summit?
Also, Lachenal's diary says he took the summit photographs from a ledge slightly below the summit. When Herzog was interviewed by Le Monde he said that what appeared in the photographs like an arête of snow receding away upwards was actually very close and only reached to his waist. It was a cornice at the crest of the summit, too weak to be trodden on. In 1970 Henry Day took part in an expedition ascending using much the same route and they were able to take photographs with very similar perspectives.


1950 French Annapurna expedition, Did they really reach the summit?
Lachenal had the reputation of being an honest man, even bluntly honest. This, and the likelihood that he had little personal reason to fake his private diary, leaves little doubt about its accuracy – it is very widely accepted that they did indeed reach the top of Annapurna. In his book Annapurna: 50 Years of Expeditions in the Death Zone (2000) Reinhold Messner regarded it as "an indisputable fact".


1950 French Championships (tennis)
The 1950 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 24 May until 4 June. It was the 54th staging of the French Championships, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1950. Budge Patty and Doris Hart won the singles titles.


1950 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Singles
Budge Patty defeated  Jaroslav Drobný 6–1, 6–2, 3–6, 5–7, 7–5


1950 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Doubles
Bill Talbert /  Tony Trabert  defeated  Jaroslav Drobný /  Eric Sturgess  6–2, 1–6, 10–8, 6–2


1950 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's Doubles
Doris Hart /  Shirley Fry defeated  Louise Brough /  Margaret Osborne duPont 1–6, 7–5, 6–2


1950 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Mixed Doubles
Barbara Scofield /  Enrique Morea defeated  Patricia Canning Todd  /  Bill Talbert  walkover


1950 French Championships – Men's Singles
Budge Patty defeated Jaroslav Drobný 6–1, 6–2, 3–6, 5–7, 7–5 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1950 French Championships.


1950 French Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Budge Patty is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1950 French Championships – Women's Singles
Third-seeded Doris Hart defeated Patricia Todd 6–4, 4–6, 6–2 in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1950 French Championships.


1950 French Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Doris Hart is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1950 French Grand Prix
The 1950 French Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 2 July 1950 at Reims-Gueux. It was race 6 of 7 in the 1950 World Championship of Drivers. The 64-lap race was won by Alfa Romeo driver Juan Manuel Fangio after he started from pole position. His teammate Luigi Fagioli finished second and Peter Whitehead took third in a privateer Ferrari.


1950 French Grand Prix, Report
A total of 22 cars entered the event, four of which did not start the race. Franco Comotti did not attend the event; Eugène Chaboud did not start in his own car, instead sharing Philippe Étancelin's Talbot-Lago; and the two Scuderia Ferrari entries of Luigi Villoresi and Alberto Ascari withdrew in practice.


1950 French Grand Prix, Report
Fangio put in a stunning display with a 116 mph practice lap. With Ferrari not starting their 3-litre cars, the main opposition was to come from the Talbots, complete with dual ignition engines with 12 spark plugs. However, they suffered from radiator problems and overheated, allowing Fangio and Fagioli to lead home another Alfa demonstration run, whilst Farina succumbed to fuel pump trouble. Peter Whitehead finished third despite a fractured head gasket in the last two laps.


1950 French Somaliland legislative election
Representative Council elections were held in French Somaliland in December 1950.


1950 French Somaliland legislative election, Electoral system
A new electoral law passed in August 1950 increase the number of members of the Representative Council from 20 to 25. Twelve members were elected by the first college (French citizens) and thirteen members by the second college.


1950 French Somaliland legislative election, Electoral system
The first college elected its members from a single nationwide constituency, whilst the second college members were elected from 10 constituencies, seven of which elected a single member and three of which elected two members. Five of the ten second college constituencies were in Djibouti, where voters were required to vote by ethnic group.


1950 French Somaliland legislative election, Results
The results of the second college saw four Issas, four Afars, three Somalis and two Arabs elected. The Rally of the French People won a majority of seats.


1950 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 1950 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented Fresno State College during the 1950 college football season.


1950 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
Fresno State competed in the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). The team was led by first-year head coach Duke Jacobs and played home games at Ratcliffe Stadium on the campus of Fresno City College in Fresno, California. They finished the season with a record of two wins, six losses and one tie (2–6–1, 1–2–1 CCAA).


1950 Fresno State Bulldogs football team, Team players in the NFL
No Fresno State Bulldogs were selected in the 1951 NFL Draft.


1950 Furman Purple Hurricane football team
The 1950 Furman Purple Hurricane football team was an American football team that represented Furman University as a member of the Southern Conference during the 1950 college football season. In their first season under head coach Bill Young, Furman compiled a 2–8–1 record.


1950 GP Ouest–France
The 1950 GP Ouest-France was the 14th edition of the GP Ouest-France cycle race and was held on 22 August 1950. The race started and finished in Plouay. The race was won by Amand Audaire.


1950 Gator Bowl
The 1950 Gator Bowl was the fifth edition of the Gator Bowl and featured the Maryland Terrapins representing the University of Maryland and the Missouri Tigers representing the University of Missouri. It was the first-ever meeting of the two teams.


1950 Gator Bowl
Maryland was led by third-year head coach Jim Tatum, who had engineered one season turn-arounds at Maryland and previously Oklahoma. Missouri was coached by his former boss, Don Faurot, under whom Tatum had previous been an assistant coach for the U.S. Navy's Iowa Pre-Flight team. This game was the first in a six-game series between the former colleagues and would last for the remainder of Tatum's tenure at Maryland.


1950 Gator Bowl
The game was described as a "proving ground" for the split-T formation, which was employed by both teams. Several prominent Southern coaches were in attendance at the game to watch the formation, including Bob Neyland of Tennessee, Wally Butts of Georgia, Frank Howard of Clemson, George Barclay of Washington & Lee, and Tom Nugent of VMI.


1950 Gator Bowl, Game summary
In the first quarter, Maryland scored on an 11-yard run by Bob Shemonski. Ed Modzelewski rushed for a three-yard touchdown in the second quarter, followed by a six-yard touchdown run by Shemonski again. The extra point kick was unsuccessful, however. In the final quarter, Phil Klein recorded Missouri's only score on a five-yard touchdown run.


1950 Gator Bowl, Statistical comparison
Maryland recorded 282 yards of total offense, 266 yards of which came on the ground. Missouri recorded 267 yards total, with 100 rushing and 167 passing yards. Maryland achieved 11 first downs, compared with Missouri's 13. The Terrapins lost two fumbles for one yard while the Tigers lost five fumbles for five yards.


1950 Gator Bowl, Statistical comparison
Maryland offensive guard Bob Ward was named the game's Most Valuable Player.


1950 Gent–Wevelgem
The 1950 Gent–Wevelgem was the 12th edition of the Gent–Wevelgem cycle race and was held on 26 March 1950. The race started in Ghent and finished in Wevelgem. The race was won by Briek Schotte.


1950 George Washington Colonials football team
The 1950 George Washington Colonials football team was an American football team that represented George Washington University as part of the Southern Conference during the 1950 college football season. In their third season under head coach Bo Rowland, the team compiled a 5–4 record (4–3 in the SoCon).


1950 Georgetown Hoyas football team
The 1950 Georgetown Hoyas football team was an American football team that represented Georgetown University as an independent during the 1950 college football season. In their second season under head coach Bob Margarita, the Hoyas compiled a 2–7 record and were outscored by a total of 187 to 116. The team played its home games at Griffith Stadium in Washington, D.C.


1950 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1950 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the Georgia Bulldogs of the University of Georgia during the 1950 college football season.


1950 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1950 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets of the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1950 college football season.


1950 Georgia gubernatorial election
The 1950 Georgia gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1950. Incumbent Governor Herman Talmadge won the Democratic primary over Melvin Thompson on June 28 with 49.33% of the vote and 295 out of 410 county unit votes. The primary was a rematch of the 1948 special election.


1950 Georgia gubernatorial election
At this time, Georgia was a one-party state, and the Democratic nomination was tantamount to victory. Talmadge was re-elected in the November general election without an opponent.


1950 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, Results
In the decisive county unit vote, Talmadge won 295 to Thompson's 115.


1950 German Grand Prix
The 1950 German Grand Prix was a non-championship Formula Two race held on 20 August 1950 at the Nürburgring Nordschleife.


1950 German Grand Prix, Report
Formula 2 regulations had been chosen in order to attract a larger starting grid – especially for German teams and drivers, who would not have had time to prepare cars for the still-new Formula One regulations. This resulted in a large amount of interest – 37 cars started the race, and the event drew a crowd of 400,000 spectators.


1950 German Grand Prix, Report
During practice, German driver Paul Greifzu was involved in an accident where his car hit a paramedic at Pflanzgarten. The paramedic suffered fatal injuries and Greifzu was taken to hospital with fractured ribs and internal bruising.


1950 German Grand Prix, Report
The Grand Prix had attracted some of the top German drivers, but many of them retired due to the high level of attrition. Indeed, only 10 drivers completed the full distance. Hans Stuck ran sixth after the first lap, but had to stop to fix a stuck throttle. He received outside assistance whilst starting his engine again, and was disqualified. Manfred von Brauchitsch put in a fine performance trying to keep up with the leaders, running as high as seventh before retiring with engine failure.


1950 German Grand Prix, Report
The race was dominated by Alberto Ascari, who led from pole and pulled away comfortably each lap. The only slight drama came on the final tour: he had run the full distance without pitting, and some spokes on his right rear wheel broke in the banked Karussell. However, such was his lead that he could afford to significantly reduce his pace, nursing the car home to victory.


1950 German Grand Prix, Report
For his dominant performance, Ascari was presented with the Silbernes Lorbeerblatt (Silver Laurel Leaf), the highest award in German sport. The award had only been established two months prior, and he became its first foreign recipient.


1950 German football championship
The 1950 German football championship, the 40th edition of the competition, was the culmination of the 1949–50 football season in Germany. VfB Stuttgart won their first championship in a one-leg knock-out tournament. It was the third championship after the end of World War II.


1950 German football championship
VfB Stuttgart appeared in their second final, having lost to Schalke 04 in 1935. Losing finalists Kickers Offenbach appeared in a championship final for the first time.


1950 German football championship
For the first time 16 teams competed for the title, including the runners-up of the Berlin championship. However, East German side Union Oberschöneweide did not receive a travel permit, like SG Planitz two years earlier. Their players nevertheless traveled to Kiel to play Hamburger SV and eventually founded SC Union 06 Berlin. Originally, the first three teams from the DDR-Oberliga had been slated to appear in the championship, but the two football associations eventually could not agree on a mode of play and their places were given to West German Oberliga sides.


1950 Gibraltar general election
General elections were held in Gibraltar on 8 November 1950. The Association for the Advancement of Civil Rights emerged as the largest party in the new legislature, winning 3 of the five elected seats.


1950 Gibraltar general election, Electoral system
The legislature was formed in 1950 to replace Gibraltar City Council, and was elected by proportional representation.


1950 Giro d'Italia
The 1950 Giro d'Italia was the 33rd edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro started off in Milan on 24 May with a 225 km (139.8 mi) individual time trial and concluded in Salsomaggiore Terme with a 230 km (142.9 mi) relatively flat mass-start stage on 13 June. Fifteen teams entered the race, which was won by Swiss Hugo Koblet of the Guerra team. Second and third respectively were Italians Gino Bartali and Alfredo Martini.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Teams
It was announced in January 1950 that there would not be more than 100 riders starting the race. However, fifteen teams of seven were granted entry for the race. This meant the starting peloton consisted of 105 cyclists, the same amount that started the 1949 edition. Italians comprised the majority of the entrants (88), while the remaining 17 foreign riders were from France (9), Switzerland (5), Belgium (2), and Luxembourg (1). Of the starting riders, 75 completed the course.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
The race featured three previous winners of the Giro d'Italia that later became known as the "Big Three" or "Italian Tripod": Gino Bartali (Bartali), Fausto Coppi (Bianchi–Ursus), and Fiorenzo Magni (Wilier Triestina). That season the three of them had success in the classics as Bartali won Milan–San Remo, Coppi won Paris–Roubaix and La Flèche Wallonne, and Magni won his second Tour of Flanders. Despite this, many writers and fellow riders like Magni, Jean Robic, and Giulio Bresci still viewed it as a competition between Coppi and Bartali, with Coppi was regarded as the favorite entering the race. When asked who was his toughest opponent in the race, Coppi answered Bartali and Robic.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
A Nouvelliste valaisan writer commented that this was the first Giro to feature foreigners as team captains. 1947 Tour de France winner Robic (Viscontea), Fritz Schär (Arbos), and Ferdinand Kübler (Fréjus–Superga) entered as sole leaders of their respective squads. Guerra–Ursus's leader upon entry was Belgian Marcel Dupont, while teammate Hugo Koblet's recent form made some believe he may end up leading the team during the race. El Mundo Deportivo's Luis Bettonica felt that for either Bartali or Coppi to not win they will have to face a large amount of difficulties.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
Vito Ortelli (Atala) was not viewed as a serious challenger following a poor performance at the Tour de Romandie and due to his general inconsistent finishes. Ortelli when asked about his intentions at the Giro, replied "I will be running it." Kübler was seen as a threat to challenge Bartali and Coppi because his team was strong and had openly stated he would be in good form when the race hits Locarno. The French team (Helyett–Hutchinson) featured Apo Lazaridès and Lucien Teisseire, who placed second and third at the 1948 world championships, respectively.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Pre-race favorites
Legnano–Pirelli brought sprinter Adolfo Leoni who won several stages and wore the race leader's pink jersey late into the last year's race before Coppi took the race lead with two stages left and young rider Pasquale Fornara. Taurea's Luciano Maggini was seen as a contender for the sprint finishes, while Alfredo Martini and Giancarlo Astrua were expected to achieve high final rankings in the general classification. l'Unità writer Attilio Camoriano expected Martini to be the "big surprise of the race."


1950 Giro d'Italia, Route and stages
Before being released, it was rumored the race would go from 24 May to 11 June. The route was revealed on 26 January 1950. The route was thought to be easier than in previous years, with the first several stages being fairly easy before the seventh stage introduced climbs over 1,100 m (3,609 ft). The ninth stage in particular featured the three major climbs of Passo Rolle (1,970 m (6,463 ft)), Passo Pordoi (2,239 m (7,346 ft)), Gardena Pass (2,120 m (6,955 ft)). In total the route was thought to be very flat as it contained 15,000 m (49,213 ft) of climbing.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Route and stages
In a break from tradition the race started in Milan rather than finishing in . This change was precipitated because 1950 was declared a Jubilee by Pope Pius XII. Due to the route changes, this meant the Dolomites would be visited during the middle of the race, while the Apennines would be traversed near the race's conclusion. Following the Milan opening in the Piazza del Duomo square, the race route veered west passing through Florence and Genoa on its way into the Dolomites and passing through finishing in Locarno, a Swiss town. Then the route turned south and traveled down along the Adriatic coast and traversed the Apennines before returning north to finish in Rome.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider, and subtracting time bonuses – wore a pink jersey. This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered as the winner of the Giro.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
Two additional jerseys were awarded. The green jersey was given to the highest ranked non-Italian cyclist in the general classification, and the white jersey was given to the highest ranked independent cyclist in the general classification. Another green jersey was awarded to the best placed foreign rider in the general classification.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
There were also some classifications without associated jerseys. There was the mountains classification, for which the race organizers selected different mountains that the route crossed and awarded points to the riders who crossed them first.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
There was a black jersey (maglia nera) awarded to the rider placed last in the general classification. The classification was calculated in the same manner as the general classification.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
Secondly, there was an intermediate sprints classification. In twelve stages, there were intermediate sprints midway of the stage, where points for this classification could be won.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The winner of the team classification was determined by adding the finish times of the best three cyclists per team together and the team with the lowest total time was the winner. If a team had fewer than three riders finish, they were not eligible for the classification.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
There several time bonuses awarded to riders for various accomplishments during the race.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run. A one-minute bonus was given to the winner of each stage, the intermediate sprint in the twelve stages containing a sprint, and the winner of a mountain classification climb. Second place in those same categories awarded a 30 s time bonus.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Final standings, Minor awards
Two blue bracelets were awarded for winning a stage with the greatest time gap between the second placed rider. Koblet won the first bracelet for winning the sixth stage into Locarno by 1' 48s, while the second bracelet was given to Astrua for his victory on the fifteenth leg that finished in L'Aquila. He won that stage by five minutes and six seconds. A classification was kept regarding the amount of stage victories per rider. The classification was split by four riders who each won two stages: Conte (stages 1 and 18), Bevilacqua (stages 4 and 12), Koblet (stages, and 8), and Luciano Maggini (stages 7 and 13).


1950 Giro d'Italia, Aftermath
Following the race, the entire peloton that finished the race traveled to St. Peter's Basilica to hear a Wednesday service by Pope Pius XII on 14 June. In particular, Koblet and Bartali spoke with the Pope personally and the Pope asked of Coppi's health. Previous winner Fausto Coppi, who was recovering in a Trento hospital, commented "Koblet deserved to win the Tour of Italy and he is worthy of all praise." Following the race, Guerra announced Koblet renewed his contract with the team.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Aftermath
A Swiss newspaper writer Nouvelliste Valaisan wrote that the Swiss riders dominated the race, holding the race lead for all but two days, and all five Swiss riders that started, finished the race. The writer commented that Koblet was not seen as the initial leader for Guerra, as Marcel Dupont entered as their leader. The writer also felt that Koblet's victory earned Swiss cycling respect within the cycling community and may lead to an invitation for a ten-man team to a future Tour de France – which at the time was contested by national teams rather than trade teams.


1950 Giro d'Italia, Aftermath
Ferdinand Kübler was viewed to have a great race relative when compared to his last Grand Tour, the 1949 Tour de France. Based on his high finish Kübler was expected to seriously contend at the upcoming Tour de France. Had the race been run without time bonuses factored into the general classification, Bartali would have won the race by 18 seconds over Koblet.


1950 Giro di Lombardia
The 1950 Giro di Lombardia, 44th edition of the race, was held on October 22, 1950.


1950 Glasgow Scotstoun by-election
The Glasgow Scotstoun by-election of 25 October 1950 was held after the death of Conservative MP Sir Arthur Young.


1950 Glasgow Scotstoun by-election
The seat was very marginal, having been won at the 1950 United Kingdom general election by 239 votes Labour again fielded W. Bargh, a Glasgow school teacher, who had narrowly failed to win the seat at the general election earlier in the year. The Conservative candidate was James Hutchison, who had been the MP for Glasgow Central from 1945 until the general election.


1950 Glasgow Scotstoun by-election, Outcome
Reporting the result, The Glasgow Herald stated that the outcome of the election, an increased majority for the Conservatives, suggested that the Labour Party had lost ground in Scotland since the general election. Bargh felt that the intervention by the ILP had cost him victory, a view that Gibson, the ILP candidate did not share. The Conservative majority of 1,319 exceeded the number of votes (680) received by Gibson.


1950 Glasgow Scotstoun by-election, Outcome
An editorial in The Glasgow Herald the morning after the contest commented that Hutchison's win had been expected, but said "it would have been blow to Mr Churchill's hopes of turning Labour out at the next general election" had the Conservatives been returned without an increased majority. The same editorial said the Conservative majority had increased by a "gratifying number of votes" and attributed this to Hutchinson having been known to have had a previously successful spell as a Glasgow MP and his exploiting disillusion with the Labour Government. It predicted that the result would "give the Unionist and Conservative  party organisations the sort of stimulus they need in their efforts to drive the Government from power and office."


1950 Goodwood Trophy
The 1950 Goodwood Trophy was a non-championship Formula One motor race held at Goodwood Circuit on 30 September 1950.


1950 Governor General's Awards
In Canada, the 1950 Governor General's Awards for Literary Merit were the fourteenth such awards. The awards in this period had no monetary prize but were an honour for the authors.


1950 Grand National
The 1950 Grand National was the 104th renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 25 March 1950.


1950 Grand National
Nearly 500,000 people packed into Aintree for the first royal National since the Second World War. In attendance were King George VI, Queen Elizabeth, their daughter Princess Elizabeth, and a number of other members of the royal family. Royal interest centred on Monaveen, the co-third-favourite who was jointly owned by the Queen and Princess Elizabeth. Despite leading the field, Monaveen made a bad mistake at The Chair, nearly unseating his jockey, and losing significant ground.


1950 Grand National
The race was won by Freebooter, the 10/1 joint-favourite ridden by Irish jockey Jimmy Power and trained by Bobby Renton for owner Lurline Brotherton. In second place was Wot No Sun, Acthon Major finished third, and Rowland Roy fourth.


1950 Grand National
Forty-nine horses ran and all returned safely to the stables.


1950 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season
The 1950 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the second F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship Grand Prix season. The season consisted of six Grand Prix races in five classes: 500cc, 350cc, 250cc, 125cc and Sidecars 600cc. It began on 10 June, with Isle of Man TT and ended with Nations Grand Prix on 10 September.


1950 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Standings, Scoring system
Points were awarded to the top six finishers in each race. All rounds counted towards the championship in the 125cc and Sidecars, the best three races counted in the 250cc, while in the 350cc and 500cc championships, only the best four results counted.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour
The 1950 Great Britain Lions tour was a tour by the Great Britain national rugby league team of Australia and New Zealand which took place between May and August 1950. The tour involved a schedule of 25 games: 19 in Australia including a three-test series against Australia for the Ashes, and a further 6 in New Zealand including two test matches against New Zealand. A scheduled fixture in Forbes, New South Wales, against a Western Districts team, was abandoned when the chartered plane could not land due to bad weather.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour
Captained by Ernest Ward, the Lions returned home having won 19 and lost 6 of their games. The team won the first test match of the tour but lost the second and third to lose the Ashes Test series to Australia. The team also lost both Test Matches in and against New Zealand. Despite being a British team – five of the squad were Welsh – the team played, and were often referred to by both the press at home and away, as England.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Squad
Tom Spedding was the Team Manager, and George Oldroyd was the Business Manager, of the touring party.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Western Australia: FB: Joe McGuiness ( Fremantle), WG: Tom Myles ( Cottesloe), CE: Terry Sullivan ( Fremantle), CE: George Jannings ( Applecross), WG: T. Boyd ( Fremantle), FE: L. McGann (Perth), HB: S. Saxon ( South Perth), LK: Les Graham ( Cottesloe), SR: R. Patching ( South Perth), SR: G. Voules ( South Perth), PR: R. Slater ( South Perth), HK: P. Neary (Perth), PR: D. Tonkin ( Fremantle), CH: N. Stohlberg.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Great Britain: FB: Martin Ryan, WG: Jack Hilton, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Tom Danby, WG: Arthur Daniels, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Harry Murphy, SR: Fred Higgins, SR: Doug Phillips, PR: Ken Gee, HK: Frank Osmond, PR: Jim Featherstone.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Monaro: FB: A. James ( Canberra), WG: D. Stewart ( Bombala), CE: Tom Briggs ( Goulburn), CE: J. Gibson ( North Canberra), WG: P. Conroy | Queanbeyan), FE: Jack McIntosh ( Tathra), HB: Neville Hogan ( North Canberra), LK: William McKell ( Goulburn), SR: B. Davis ( Batemans Bay), SR: Don Penning ( Goulburn), PR: A. Norgrove ( Canberra), HK: Ted Dawson (Bigga), PR: Glen Spence ( Goulburn).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Roy Pollard, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, CE: Jack Cunliffe, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, FE: Willie Horne, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Fred Higgins, SR: Bob Ryan, PR: Danny Naughton, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Elwyn Gwyther.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Newcastle: FB: George Neader (22) ( Waratah Mayfield), WG: William Bunt (24) ( Central Newcastle), CE: Viv Madge (27) ( Kurri Kurri), CE: William Bower (24) ( South Newcastle), WG: Jack Lumsden (20) ( Cessnock), FE: Horrie Banks (27) ( Western Suburbs), HB: Jim Scoular (27) ( Lakes United), LK: Jack Hutchinson (27) ( Northern Suburbs), SR: Bob Alexander (26) ( Cessnock), SR: Jim Evans (21) ( Maitland), PR: Gavin Stevenson (25) ( Cessnock), HK: Bob Crane (27) ( Northern Suburbs), PR: Ramsay Buckley (26) ( Lakes United), CH: Reg Cody.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Arthur Daniels, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Harry Street, SR: Harry Murphy, SR: Bob Ryan, PR: Elwyn Gwyther, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Ken Gee.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Riverina: FB: Peter McGrath ( West Wyalong), WG: Stan Larkings ( Junee), CE: Kevin Wallace (age 24) (Boorowa), CE: Keith Tull ( Cootamundra), WG: John Biscaya (Wagga), FE: Roley McDonnel ( Cootamundra), HB: Col Donohue ( Barmedman), LK: Lew Evans ( Temora), SR: Sid Hobson ( Young), SR: Paddy Maloney ( Young), PR: Jim Thomson ( Cowra), HK: Ken McDonald ( Barmedman), PR: Nevyl Hand ( Gundagai), CH: Len Smith.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Great Britain: FB: Martin Ryan, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, CE: Tom Danby, CE: Jack Cunliffe, WG: Roy Pollard, FE: Willie Horne, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Fred Higgins, SR: Doug Phillips, PR: Danny Naughton, HK: Frank Osmond, PR: Elwyn Gwyther.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
New South Wales: FB: Clive Churchill (age 23) ( South Sydney), WG: Noel Pidding (23) ( St George), CE: Johnny Hawke (24) ( St George), CE: Doug McRitchie (27) ( St George), WG: Jack Troy (22) ( Newtown), FE: Frank Stanmore (20) ( Western Suburbs), HB: Perce Pritchard (23) ( Manly-Warringah), LK: Les Cowie (25) ( South Sydney), SR: Fred De Belin (28) ( Balmain), SR: Jack Rayner (28) ( South Sydney), PR: Jack Holland (26) ( St George), HK: Kevin Schubert (22) ( Manly-Warringah), PR: Roy Bull (20) ( Manly-Warringah), CH: Vic Hey.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg
Great Britain: FB: Martin Ryan, WG: Roy Pollard, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Harry Street, SR: Fred Higgins, SR: Bob Ryan, PR: Ken Gee, HK: Joe Egan, 1950: PR: Elwyn Gwyther.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Australia: FB: Clive Churchill (age 23) ( South Sydney), WG: Noel Pidding (23) ( St George), CE: Doug McRitchie (27) ( St George), CE: Keith Middleton (19) ( North Sydney), WG: Jack Troy (22) ( Newtown), FE: Frank Stanmore (20) ( Western Suburbs), HB: Keith Holman (22) ( Western Suburbs), LK: Les Cowie (25) ( South Sydney), SR: Fred De Belin (28) ( Balmain), SR: Alan Thompson (27) ( Souths), PR: Jack Holland (26) ( St George), HK: Kevin Schubert (22) ( Manly-Warringah), PR: Duncan Hall (24) (Home Hill).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Great Britain: FB: Martin Ryan, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Harry Street, SR: Bob Ryan, SR: Fred Higgins, PR: Ken Gee, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Elwyn Gwyther.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
North Coast: FB: Dudley Jones (Murwillumbah), WG: Johnny Meyers (Lismore), CE: Barry Redding (Camden Haven), CE: Alf Roach ( Kyogle), WG: Wally Williams (Coffs Harbour), FE: Jim Ruge (Kempsey CYM), HB: Stan Ponchard (Kempsey CYM), LK: Kevin Ryan ( Wauchope), SR: Ken Gray (24) ( Grafton), SR: Gordon McCarthy (Taree), PR: Keith Dinsey ( Cudgen), HK: Kevin McKeirnan (18) (Kempsey CYM), PR: Jack Monaghan ( Beechwood). CH: Reg Cody.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, CE: Tom Danby, CE: Jack Cunliffe, WG: Arthur Daniels, FE: Willie Horne, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Doug Phillips, SR: Harry Murphy, PR: Jim Featherstone, HK: Frank Osmond, PR: Danny Naughton


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Queensland: FB: Nev Linde (Tivoli), WG: Denis Flannery (22) (Ipswich CYM), CE: Colin Quinn (22) (Ipswich CYM), CE: Noel Hazzard (Bundaberg), WG: Pat McMahon (22) (Babinda Trojans), FE: Ned Andrews (28) (Mackay - played for each club in turn), HB: Billy Thompson (26) (Warwick), HB: Billy Thompson (Warwick), LK: Harold Crocker (22) ( Souths), SR: Alan Thompson (27) ( Souths), SR: Brian Davies (20) ( Brothers), PR: Duncan Hall (24) (Home Hill), HK: Ron Griffiths (Ipswich CYM), PR: Jack Rooney ( Brothers), CH: Fred Gilbert.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Great Britain: FB: Martin Ryan, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Willie Horne, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Harry Street, SR: Fred Higgins, SR: Bob Ryan, PR: Ken Gee, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Jim Featherstone.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
North Queensland: FB: Jack Gayler (Babinda Trojans), WG: Pat McMahon (Babinda Trojans), CE: Jack Horrigan (Ayr), CE: Gordon Farrelly (21) (Home Hill), WG: Bert Sager (25) (Souths), FE: Ned Andrews (27) (Mackay - played for each club in turn), HB: Ron O'Connell (Hughenden), LK: Lionel Armitt (25) ( Brothers), SR: Duncan Hall (22) (Home Hill), SR: Les Renouf (Sarina), PR: Jack Munn (26) (Herbert River), HK: Henry Benton (Centrals), PR: Charlie Montgomery (Carltons).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Tom Danby, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Jack Cunliffe, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Doug Phillips, SR: Harry Murphy, PR: Elwyn Gwyther, HK: Frank Osmond, PR: Danny Naughton.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Central Queensland: FB: Alan Poole ( Brothers), WG: Leo Jeffcoat ( Brothers), CE: K. Roberts ( Brothers), CE: William Cuddy ( Brothers), WG: D. McDonald ( Fitzroys), FE: Dooley Turner ( Brothers), HB: Brad Neven ( Fitzroys), PR: C. Harkin ( Brothers), HK: Graham Lee ( Fitzroys), PR: Stan Petersen ( Fitzroys), SR: Tony Brown ( Brothers), SR: Roy Harris ( Brothers), LK: W. Hick (Blackall).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Great Britain: FB: Martin Ryan, WG: Tom Danby, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Jack Cunliffe, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, FE: Willie Horne, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Doug Phillips, SR: Fred Higgins, PR: Jim Featherstone, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Ken Gee.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Wide Bay Burnett:  FB: Kev White (Maryborough), WG: Des Dahl (Bundaberg), CE: Rex McGlynn (Bundaberg), CE: Noel Hazzard (Bundaberg), WG: Ken Gayton (Bundaberg), FE: Ken Kennedy (Wallaroos), HB: Stan Daunt (Gympie), LK: Doug Cozens (Maryborough), SR: Col Wilson (Kingaroy), SR: K. Wise (Bundaberg), FR: Sid Murray (Gympie), HK: Les Sommerville (Bundaberg), FR: Keith Kendrick (Maryborough).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 1st Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, CE: Jack Cunliffe, CE: Harry Street, WG: Tom Danby, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Bob Ryan, SR: Harry Murphy, PR: Danny Naughton, HK: Frank Osmond, PR: Jim Featherstone.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Australia: FB: Clive Churchill (23) ( South Sydney), WG: Denis Flannery (21) (Ipswich CYM), CE: Ned Andrews (27) (Mackay), CE: Keith Middleton (18) ( North Sydney), WG: Johnny Graves (23) ( South Sydney), FE: Frank Stanmore (20) ( Western Suburbs), HB: Keith Holman (22) ( Western Suburbs), LK: Les Cowie (25) ( South Sydney), SR: Fred De Belin (28) ( Balmain), SR: Harold Crocker (22) ( Souths), FR: Jack Holland (26) ( St George), HK: Kevin Schubert (22) ( Manly-Warringah), FR: Alan Thompson (26) ( Souths).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Tom Danby, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Harry Street, SR: Fred Higgins, SR: Harry Murphy, PR: Ken Gee, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Elwyn Gwyther.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Toowoomba: FB: William Sullivan ( All Whites), WG: Des McGovern (22) ( All Whites), CE: Bill Callinan ( Newtown), CE: Roy Teys ( Valleys), WG: Bevan Hoyle ( Newtown), FE: L. Winkle (Warwick), LK: William Curtis ( ), SR: Allen Bell (Warwick), SR: M. Smith ( ), FR: M. Krog ( Newtown), HK: Kev Boshammer ( ), FR: Gordon Teys ( Valleys), CH: Duncan Thompson (55).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Great Britain: FB: Martin Ryan, WG: Tom Danby, CE: Jack Cunliffe, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Harry Street, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Jim Featherstone, SR: Bob Ryan, PR: Danny Naughton, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Elwyn Gwyther.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Brisbane: FB: Norm Pope (18) ( Valleys), WG: Jack McMahon ( Brothers), CE: Vivian Irwin ( Wests), CE: Peter Ryan ( Valleys), WG: D. Smith, FE: Ray White ( Souths), HB: Ron Stanton ( Easts), LK: Alan Crocker ( Souths), SR: Brian Davies ( Brothers), SR: Jack Veivers ( Souths), FR: Jack Rooney ( Brothers), HK: Ray Graham ( Valleys), FR: George Walker ( Norths).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Gordon Ratcliffe, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Tom Danby, FE: Jack Cunliffe, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Harry Murphy, SR: Bob Ryan, PR: Jim Featherstone, HK: Frank Osmond, PR: Danny Naughton.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Ipswich: FB: Nev Linde (Tivoli), WG: Denis Flannery (Ipswich CYM), CE: Eric Porter (Tivoli), CE: Colin Quinn (Ipswich CYM), WG: Bill Biggam ( Booval Swifts), FE: Harry Griffiths ( Booval Swifts), HB: Lex Stephens ( West End), LK: Sel Fleming ( West End), SR: Sam Krueger (Ipswich CYM), SR: Frank Evans ( Booval Swifts), PR: Tom Purnell (Tivoli), HK: Ron Griffiths (Ipswich CYM), PR: Stuart Pankoff (Tivoli), CH: Les Heidke.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Harry Street, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Martin Ryan, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Jack Cunliffe, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Harry Murphy, SR: Bob Ryan, SR: Fred Higgins, PR: Elwyn Gwyther, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Danny Naughton.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Northern Division: FB: J. Whitton ( Gunnedah), WG: E. O'Brien ( Werris Creek), CE: Bruce Flint (West Armidale), CE: Norman Young (Tamworth), WG: Keith Oehlers (Guyra), FE: Greg Wilkins ( Werris Creek), HB: Eric Fraser ( Werris Creek), LK: C. Urquhart ( Boggabri), SR: E. Benson (Tamworth), SR: L. Grieves ( Werris Creek), PR: Percy Barton ( Narrabri), HK: R. Whitton ( Quirindi), PR: Nev Harrison ( Scone).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Tom Danby, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, CE: Martin Ryan, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Jack Cunliffe, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Harry Street, SR: Harry Murphy, SR: Doug Phillips, PR: Jim Featherstone, HK: Frank Osmond, PR: Ken Gee.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
New South Wales: FB: Clive Churchill (23) ( South Sydney), WG: Noel Pidding (23) ( St George), CE: Bobby Dimond (20) ( Western Suburbs), CE: Keith Middleton (19) ( North Sydney), WG: Jack Troy (22) ( Newtown), FE: Col Geelan (21) ( Newtown), HB: Keith Holman (23) ( Western Suburbs), LK: Les Cowie (25) ( South Sydney), SR: Fred De Belin (28) ( Balmain), SR: Noel Mulligan (24) ( St George), PR: Denis Donoghue (22) ( South Sydney), HK: Kevin Schubert (22) ( Manly-Warringah), PR: Jack Holland (26) ( St George).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Harry Street, CE: Roy Pollard, CE: Ernest Ward, WG: Tom Danby, FB: Jack Cunliffe, HB: Albert Pepperell, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Doug Phillips, SR: Fred Higgins, PR: Elwyn Gwyther, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Ken Gee.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Southern Division: FB: Jack O'Connell (Age: 19) ( Corrimal), WG: Jack McLean (22) ( Bowral), CE: Len Torpy (22) ( Wests), CE: Jack Seymour (23) ( Bowral), WG: Ray Morgan (23) ( Thirroul), FE: Noel Sharpe (21) ( Port Kembla), HB: Ken Brogan (23) ( Camden), LK: Billy Wilson (23) ( Picton), SR: Bill Burgess (27) ( Wollongong), SR: Bruce Smith (23) ( Thirroul), PR: Laurie Doran (31) ( Campbelltown), HK: Leo Hurley (20) ( Port Kembla), PR: Jim Ralston (23) ( Port Kembla), CH: Harry Nolan.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 2nd Test
Great Britain: FB: Martin Ryan, WG: Arthur Daniels, CE: Tom Danby, CE: Harry Street, WG: Roy Pollard, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Ken Traill, SR: Bob Ryan, SR: Harry Murphy, PR: Jim Featherstone, HK: Frank Osmond, PR: Elwyn Gwyther.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 3rd Test
Australia: FB: Clive Churchill (23) ( South Sydney), WG: Ron Roberts (22) ( St George), CE: Keith Middleton (19) ( North Sydney), CE: Doug McRitchie (27) ( St George), WG: Jack Troy (22) ( Newtown), FE: Frank Stanmore (20) ( Western Suburbs), HB: Keith Holman (23) ( Western Suburbs), LK: Les Cowie (25) ( South Sydney), SR: Bernie Purcell (22) ( South Sydney), SR: Harold Crocker (23) ( Souths), FR: Jack Holland (26) ( St George), HK: Kevin Schubert (22) ( Manly-Warringah), FR: Duncan Hall (24) (Home Hill).


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, Australian Leg, 3rd Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Tom Danby, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Jack Cunliffe, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, LK: Harry Street, SR: Fred Higgins, SR: Doug Phillips, PR: Elwyn Gwyther, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Ken Gee.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand leg, 1st Test
New Zealand: FB: Des White, WG: Jack Forrest, CE: Tommy Baxter, CE: Maurie Robertson, WG: Bevan Hough, FE: Des Barchard, HB: Jim Haig, PR: Cliff Johnson, HK: George Davidson, PR: Jack Newton, SR: Sandy Hurndell, SR: Charlie McBride, LK: Travers Hardwick.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand leg, 1st Test
Great Britain: FB: Jimmy Ledgard, WG: Roy Pollard, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Ernie Ashcroft, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Albert Pepperell, PR: Ken Gee, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Jim Featherstone, SR: Bob Ryan, SR: Fred Higgins, LK: Ken Traill.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand leg, 2nd Test
New Zealand: FB: Des White, WG: Jack Forrest, CE: Tommy Baxter, CE: Maurie Robertson, WG: Bevan Hough, FE: Des Barchard, HB: Jim Haig, PR: Cliff Johnson, HK: George Davidson, PR: Jack Newton, SR: Sandy Hurndell, SR: Charlie McBride, LK: Travers Hardwick.


1950 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand leg, 2nd Test
Great Britain: FB: Jack Cunliffe, WG: Tom Danby, CE: Ernest Ward, CE: Harry Street, WG: Jack Hilton, FE: Dickie Williams, HB: Tommy Bradshaw, PR: Ken Gee, HK: Joe Egan, PR: Jim Featherstone, SR: Bob Ryan, SR: Fred Higgins, LK: Ken Traill.


1950 Greek legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 5 March 1950. The People's Party emerged as the largest party in Parliament, winning 62 of the 250 seats.


1950 Green Bay Packers season
The 1950 Green Bay Packers season was their 32nd season overall and their 30th season in the National Football League. The team finished with a 3–9 record under first-year head coach Gene Ronzani for a fifth-place finish in the National Conference.


1950 Green Bay Packers season, Offseason
To get the franchise on a firm financial footing, the team started selling stocks publicly for the first time. The stock drive netted $118,000. To replace Curly Lambeau, the Packers named Gene Ronzani as their new head coach and Vice President. The year also saw another change as the team changed its colors to green and yellow from the navy that the club had been wearing.


1950 Green Bay Packers season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1950 Guamanian legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Guam on 7 November 1950.


1950 Guamanian legislative election, Background
Following the controversy of the Guam Congress Walkout in March 1949, the United States Congress passed the Guam Organic Act of 1950 on 23 May 1950, creating a 21-member Congress.


1950 Guamanian legislative election, Electoral system
The 21 members were elected from a single district, with the candidates receiving the most votes being elected. Candidates were required to be at least 25 years old and have lived in Guam for at least five years before the election.


1950 Guamanian legislative election, Aftermath
Following the elections, Antonio Borja Won Pat was elected Speaker. The legislature was originally known as the Eleventh Guam Congress, but one of its first acts was to rename the Congress the Legislature, becoming the First Legislature.


1950 Guatemalan parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Guatemala for half the seats in Congress on 16 December 1950. The Revolutionary Action Party won a plurality of seats.


1950 Guatemalan parliamentary election, Results
The other parties winning 12 seats were opposition parties, whilst all independents were pro-government.


1950 Guatemalan presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Guatemala between 10 and 12 November 1950. The result was a victory for Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán, who received 65.44% of the vote. Voter turnout was 71.6%.


1950 Haitian general election
General elections were held in Haiti on 8 October 1950. Paul Magloire was the only candidate in the presidential election, and was elected unopposed running under the Peasant Worker Movement banner.


1950 Hamilton Tiger-Cats season
The 1950 Hamilton Tiger-Cats season was the first in franchise history after the two local clubs, the Hamilton Tigers and Hamilton Wildcats, amalgamated before this season began. The new franchise competed in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union, the highest level of play in Eastern Canada.


1950 Hamilton Tiger-Cats season
The Tiger-Cats finished in 1st place in the East Division with a 7–5 record but lost the East Final in a two-game series to the Toronto Argonauts.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election
The 1950 Hamilton municipal election was held on December 6, 1950, to select one Mayor, four Controllers, and sixteen members of the Hamilton, Ontario City Council, as well as members of the local Board of Education. In addition, this election was accompanied by six referendums, each dealing with a major issue in the city at the time.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
In the months before the vote, rumours circulated the city that the city's popular mayor, Lloyd Jackson, would face a serious contest from a number of prominent Controllers, namely William K. Warrender and Henry Arnott Hicks. Despite their amicable relationship with the mayor, their terms on council were widely viewed as spent establishing themselves for a mayoral run.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
On November 17, Labor-Progressive Party executive member and former city Controller Helen Anderson Coulson announced her intention to stand against the mayor. Discussions concerning possible opponents for the mayor waned after Warrender and Hicks announced their intentions to stand for re-election to the Board of Control, and the possibility of an acclamation for the mayoralty seemed certain. Coulson made the announcement, stating, "In view of the urgent need for the labour movement to oppose a second term for the sitting incumbent mayor, I have decided...to contest the mayoralty.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
Coulson's announcement brought both indignation and dismissal from prominent officials in the city, with Mayor Jackson simply quipping, "Let her come", while Controller Warrender pressed the fact that an avowed Communist was seeking the highest office in the city and the voters should rebuke her for her views. Hicks made a statement to the Spectator the following day, saying that the voters of Hamilton should be, "stirred out of their lethargy to realize that there are Communists in our midst making a bold bid for support.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
"Certainly I will be opposed by the big business interests of this city. The Chamber of Commerce, the executives of big corporations of this city; their paid press and radio, will have no sympathy for the policies I am advocating... It is unfortunate that even within the ranks of the labour movement, they have their spokesmen who fall in line with their hysteria."


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
The city's organized labour movement convened shortly after the close of nominations to study the issue of mayoral endorsement. Rather than take the side of Mayor Jackson, a conservative-minded politician or that of Coulson, an avowed Communist, the city's unions pushed for a stronger get-out-the-vote campaign and made individual endorsements for aldermanic and controller seats.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
Jackson was endorsed by a number of groups, most prominently a taxpayers group called Hamiltonians for Sound Civic Government. Calling itself a group of 'public-spirited citizens', Hamiltonians for Sound Civic Government paid for a series of advertisements in the Hamilton Spectator, supporting the mayor and most of the sitting Board of Control.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
Coulson was shut out of most advertising in the Spectator, while Jackson maintained a considerable presence, actively highlighting his platform points of reevaluating the city's tax assessment process, constructing more public recreation facilities, including outdoor pools and skating rinks, and improving traffic in the city core.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
During the time of the election, Jackson found himself embroiled in controversy over comments made concerning potential annexation of land in Barton Township to the south of the city's limits at Fennell Avenue. City engineers noted that it would be appropriate for Hamilton to take control of lands as far south as Limeridge Road. Controllers debated the necessity of expanding farther onto the Mountain, urging the mayor to instead consider looking to lands along the shore of Lake Ontario.


1950 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Mayoral Election
On election night, Jackson told the Spectator, "I cannot tell you just what it means to one's faith, confidence, and courage to know that the great majority of the citizens are behind one", with the paper editorializing that the win was a "vote of confidence in the mayor's leadership, and a tribute to his vigorous administration of civic affairs."


1950 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team
The 1950 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team was an American football team that represented Hardin–Simmons University in the Border Conference during the 1950 college football season. In its seventh season under head coach Warren B. Woodson, the team compiled a 5–5 record (3–3 against conference opponents), finished fifth in the conference, and outscored opponents by a total of 278 to 180.


1950 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team
Only one Hardin-Simmons players was named to the 1950 All-Border Conference football team: quarterback John Ford.


1950 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1950 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University during the 1950 college football season. In their first year under head coach Lloyd Jordan, the Crimson compiled a 1–7 record and were outscored 248 to 74. Philip L. Isenberg was the team captain.


1950 Harvard Crimson football team
Harvard played its home games at Harvard Stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.


1950 Hawaii Rainbows football team
The 1950 Hawaii Rainbows football team represented the University of Hawaiʻi as an independent during the 1950 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Tom Kaulukukui, the Rainbows compiled a 5–4–2 record.


1950 Hawthorn Football Club season
The 1950 season was the Hawthorn Football Club's 26th season in the Victorian Football League and 49th overall.


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash
The 1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash occurred on 31 October 1950 when a Vickers Viking operated by British European Airways (BEA) crashed at London Airport in heavy fog. The aircraft was on a scheduled flight between Paris and London's Northolt airport and 28 of the 30 passengers and crew on board were killed.


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash, Accident
At 6.39 pm on the evening of the accident, a Vickers VC.1 Viking twin-engined airliner of BEA (registered G-AHPN and named Lord St Vincent) took off from Le Bourget Airport in Paris on a scheduled flight to Northolt airport, London with a crew of four and 26 passengers. A weather forecast obtained before the flight took off had warned of poor visibility, and about 45 minutes after departure as the aircraft neared London, British air traffic control (ATC) informed the pilot that fog had reduced the visibility at Northolt to 50 yd (46 m).


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash, Accident
On receiving this information, the pilot announced that he would attempt to land at London Airport instead. Although visibility at London Airport was only 40 yd (37 m), it had the facilities for a Ground-controlled approach (GCA, i.e. a "talkdown" by radar operators). The pilot told ATC that if he could not safely land at London Airport, he would divert to Blackbushe Airport in Hampshire or Manston Airport in Kent.


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash, Accident
The aircraft carried out what appeared to be a normal GCA, reaching the decision height of 140 ft (43 m) at about 400 yd (366 m) from the end of the runway. Shortly after reaching this point the pilot announced over the radio, I am overshooting (aborting the landing attempt and carrying out a go-around), but a few seconds later the aircraft struck the runway and skidded along it for 140 ft (43 m) before regaining the air.


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash, Accident
With both propellers damaged by the initial contact with the ground, it finally crashed approximately 3,000 ft (914 m) further along the runway, the starboard wing being torn off and the aircraft bursting into flames as it came to rest next to a store of drain-pipes. The thick fog hindered rescue attempts and it took the fire and rescue teams 16 to 17 minutes to find the crashed aircraft. Of the 30 people on board there were only two survivors, a stewardess and a passenger; both had been seated near the tail.


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash, Investigation
A public inquiry was set up to investigate the accident, chaired by Sir Walter Monckton; while a more general investigation of the relative responsibilities of pilots and ground control with respect to landings in poor weather conditions was to be led by Lord Brabazon of Tara, the aviation pioneer and former Minister of Transport.


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash, Investigation
Lord Brabazon reported first, in February 1951, making a number of recommendations regarding the lighting of airfields in poor weather conditions, the measurement of visibility and the setting of minimum weather conditions for landing. While the accident report could not establish for certain the precise cause of the accident, it concluded that the pilot had probably intentionally descended below the decision height, only aborting the landing when the aircraft entered the fog bank at an altitude of less than 100 ft (30 m).


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash, Investigation
Alice Steen, the hostess who had survived, had reported to the accident inquiry that the pilot Captain Clayton came back into the cabin and told her that they would not be landing at Northolt but at London Airport instead where the visibility was 400 yd (366 m); it was noted by the inquiry that Clayton had been told 40 yd (37 m) on the radio.


1950 Heathrow BEA Vickers Viking crash, Investigation
It was also noted that BEA's operating manual was confusing as to whether the decision heights stated were compulsory or advisory only, and Monckton recommended that aircraft be prohibited from landing where the visibility was significantly below the minimum conditions set by the operator. The recommendations of both Brazabon and Monckton were all implemented.


1950 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
The 1950 Holy Cross Crusaders football team was an American football team that represented the College of the Holy Cross as an independent during the 1950 college football season. In its seventh, non-consecutive year under head coach Eddie Anderson, the team compiled a 4–5–1 record. The team played its home games at Fitton Field in Worcester, Massachusetts.


1950 Houston Cougars football team
The 1950 Houston Cougars football team was an American football team that represented the University of Houston as an independent during the 1950 college football season. In its third season under head coach Clyde Lee, the team compiled a 4–6 record. Bill Moeller and Max Clark were the team captains. The team played its home games at Public School Stadium in Houston.


1950 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1950 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State College during the 1950 college football season. Humboldt State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC).


1950 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1950 Lumberjacks were led by head coach Ted Staffler in his second and last year at the helm. They played home games at the Redwood Bowl in Arcata, California. Due to injuries, the Lumberjacks cancelled the last three games of the season. Humboldt State finished with a record of zero wins, four losses and one tie (0–4–1, 0–4 FWC). The Lumberjacks were outscored by their opponents 28–200 for the season.


1950 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The Lumberjacks did not win a game during Ted Staffler's tenure at Humboldt State. They finished 0–12–2 (.071). His winning percentage is the lowest in school history.


1950 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team, Team players in the NFL
No Humboldt State players were selected in the 1951 NFL Draft.


1950 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1950 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark. This event was held under the International Canoe Federation.


1950 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The men's competition consisted of four Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Two events were held for the women, both in kayak. Events that debuted at these championships were C-1 10000 m and K-4 10000 m.


1950 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 17th Ice Hockey World Championships and 28th European Championships were held from 13 to 22 March 1950 in London, England. Canada, represented by the Edmonton Mercurys, won its 13th World Championship. Highest ranking European team Switzerland finished third, winning its fourth European Championship. Defending World and European champion Czechoslovakia was absent from the tournament.


1950 Ice Hockey World Championships, History and political issues
Officially, the defending champion Czechoslovaks did not arrive in London because two of their journalists did not receive their visas. In reality, communist authorities had become uneasy after the LTC Praha (LTC Prague) club team had suffered defections at the 1948 Spengler Cup in Davos, the death of six national team players in a plane crash a few months before the 1949 World Ice Hockey Championships, and the defection of former national hockey team player (and future Wimbledon tennis champion) Jaroslav Drobný in June 1949.


1950 Ice Hockey World Championships, History and political issues
The authorities arrested several members of the 1950 national team while they were awaiting their delayed flight at the Prague Airport. On 7 October 1950, the players appeared in court charged with espionage and were named "state traitors." At issue was the claim that several players on the 1950 national team, who played their club hockey with LTC Praha, had discussed defecting in Davos in 1948—though only Miroslav Sláma, two other players and one of the heads of the delegation had actually defected at that Spengler Cup tournament.


1950 Ice Hockey World Championships, History and political issues
All twelve men were convicted, with sentences ranging from eight months to 15 years. Then current LTC Praha and former national team goaltender Bohumil Modrý, a delegate with the 1950 national team, was the one to receive the 15 year sentence, as he was mysteriously cast as the "main figure" in the potential defection plan.


1950 Ice Hockey World Championships, History and political issues
Despite the politics, International Ice Hockey Federation president W. G. Hardy stressed that the event was "to promote international amity". Hardy credited the Sweden men's national ice hockey team for great improvements reflecting the growth of the game in Sweden.


1950 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Hockey Championships (in London, England)
In a format similar to the 1949 championships, in the initial round, the nine teams participating were divided into three groups with three teams each. In the second round, the top two teams in each group advanced to the medal pool (for positions 1 through 6) with the remaining three teams advancing to the consolation pool for places 7 through 9.


1950 Ice Hockey World Championships, World Hockey Championships (in London, England), First Round, Final Round – places 1 to 6
Note: While the U.S. team technically placed second, Switzerland as the European Champion received the Silver Medal. The U.S. team received the Bronze medal for their second-place finish.


1950 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1950 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1950 college football season. The Vandals were led by fourth-year head coach Dixie Howell and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. Home games were played on campus at Neale Stadium in Moscow, with one game in Boise at old Bronco Stadium at Boise Junior College, the season opener at the new venue.


1950 Idaho Vandals football team
Led on the field by quarterbacks Max Glaves and Wayne Anderson, Idaho compiled a 3–5–1 overall record and were 1–1–1 in their three PCC games.


1950 Idaho Vandals football team
The Vandals broke a 21-game losing streak in the Battle of the Palouse with neighbor Washington State, with a 7–7 tie in the mud at Pullman. But the winless streak against the Cougars was up to 24 games, 0–22–2 since taking three straight in 1923–25; Idaho finally won four years later, also in Pullman.


1950 Idaho Vandals football team
In the rivalry game with Montana at Neale Stadium four weeks earlier, favored Idaho was upset  27–28 and relinquished the Little Brown Stein. This was the last Montana win in the series for a decade; Idaho won the next eight, through 1959.


1950 Idaho Vandals football team
Idaho hosted Oregon for homecoming on October 14 and defeated the Webfoots for the first time in a quarter century. They also hosted #18 Wyoming, but fell by seven points in a scoreless second half; the Cowboys won all nine games and were ranked twelfth at the end of the regular season, then won the Gator Bowl.


1950 Idaho Vandals football team
The Vandals made distant non-conference road trips to El Paso, Boston, and Tempe. The East Coast trip was a day game win in historic Fenway Park, while the other two in the Southwest were night losses. (Idaho had played at Fenway ten years earlier, with much different results.)


1950 Idaho Vandals football team, Coaching change
After the season in December, Howell and his staff were given one-year contract extensions. Three months later, in late March 1951, university president Jesse Buchanan requested and received the resignations of Howell and two assistants, due to "lack of harmony" on the coaching staff. One of those assistants was ends coach Babe Curfman, who was then asked by the administration to be the interim coach during the upcoming spring drills. He made a good impression and was re-hired as head coach in mid-April.


1950 Idaho Vandals football team, All-conference
No Vandals were on the All-Coast team; honorable mention were guard Roy Colquitt and fullback King Block.


1950 Idaho Vandals football team, NFL Draft
Three seniors from the 1950 Vandals were selected in the 1951 NFL Draft:


1950 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 1950 Idaho gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 2018, to elect the next Governor of Idaho, alongside an election to the United States Senate, elections to the United States House of Representatives and other state and local elections. Incumbent governor C. A. Robins did not run. Republican nominee Leonard B. Jordan defeated Democratic nominee Calvin E. Wright with 52.56% of the vote.


1950 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1950 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1950 Big Nine Conference football season. In their ninth year under head coach Ray Eliot, the Illini compiled a 7–2 record, finished in fourth place in the Big Ten Conference, and were ranked #13 in the final AP Poll. The lone setbacks were losses Wisconsin and Northwestern. End Tony Klimek was selected as the team's most valuable player.


1950 Illinois State Normal Redbirds football team
The 1950 Illinois State Normal Redbirds football team represented Illinois State Normal University (now known as Illinois State University) in the 1950 college football season. They were led by sixth-year head coach Edwin Struck and played their home games at McCormick Field. Illinois State Normal was a member of the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The Redbirds finished the season with a 7–1–2 record overall and a 5–0–1 record in conference play, making the team conference champions. The team lost to Missouri Mines in the postseason Corn Bowl.


1950 Illinois elections
Elections were held in Illinois on Tuesday, November 7, 1950.


1950 Illinois elections, Election information
1950 was a midterm election year in the United States.


1950 Illinois elections, Election information, Turnout
In the primary election 1,789,787 ballots were cast (912,563 Democratic and 877,224 Republican).


1950 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States Senate
Incumbent Senate Majority Leader Scott W. Lucas, a two-term incumbent Democratic senator, lost reelection to Republican Everett Dirksen.


1950 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States House
All 26 Illinois seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election in 1950.


1950 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States House
Republicans flipped four Republican-held seats, leaving the Illinois House delegation to consist of 18 Republicans and 8 Democrats.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Treasurer
Incumbent first-term Treasurer, Democrat Ora Smith, did not seek reelection, instead running for Clerk of the Supreme Court. Republican William Stratton was elected to succeed him, earning Stratton a second non-consecutive term as Treasurer.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Treasurer, Republican primary
Former Illinois Treasurer and congressman William Stratton won the Republican primary. He defeated Cook County Treasurer Louis E. Nelson, former congressman James Simpson Jr., fellow former Illinois Treasurer Warren E. Wright, Chicago alderman Theron W. Merryman, among others.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Superintendent of Public Instruction
Incumbent  Superintendent of Public Instruction Vernon L. Nickell, a Republican, was reelected to a third term.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Clerk of the Supreme Court
Incumbent Clerk of the Supreme Court Earle Benjamin Searcy, a Republican, was reelected.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Clerk of the Supreme Court, Democratic primary
Illinois Treasurer Ora Smith won the Democratic primary, running unopposed.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Clerk of the Supreme Court, Republican primary
Incumbent Earle Benjamin Searcy won the Republican primary, defeating three challengers.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, State Senate
Seats in the Illinois Senate were up for election in 1950. Republicans flipped control of the chamber.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, State House of Representatives
Seats in the Illinois House of Representatives were up for election in 1950. Republicans remained in control of the chamber.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois
An election was held for three of nine seats for Trustees of University of Illinois.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois
New Republican members Harold "Red" Grange Wayne A. Johnston, and Herbert B. Megran were elected.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois
Second-term Democrat Karl A. Meyer lost reelection. Democrat Kenney E. Williamson (serving his first full, and second overall term) also lost reelection. Incumbent first-term Democrat Walter W. McLaughlin was not nominated for reelection, with former member Harold Pogue nominated instead.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Judicial elections
On April 11, two special elections were held, one to fill a vacancy of the Circuit Court of Cook County and one to fill a vacancy on the Superior Court of Cook County.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures
One measure was put before voters in 1950, a legislatively referred constitutional amendment.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures
In order to be approved, it required approval equal to a majority of voters voting in the entire general election.


1950 Illinois elections, State elections, Ballot measures, Proposed Amendment to Section 2 of Article XIV of the Constitution
Proposed Amendment to Section 2 of Article XIV of the Constitution, a legislatively referred constitutional amendment, was approved by voters. It made it so that the legislature would be able to propose modifications of up to three articles of the constitution per session, and also made it so that future constitutional amendments would require either a two-thirds vote of the voters voting on the question or a majority of voter voting in the election.


1950 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1950 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1950 Big Nine Conference football season. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Clyde B. Smith, in his third year as head coach of the Hoosiers.


1950 Indianapolis 500
The 34th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Tuesday, May 30, 1950. The event was part of the 1950 AAA National Championship Trail. It was also race 3 of 7 in the 1950 World  Championship of Drivers and paid points towards the World Championship. The event, however, did not attract any European Formula One drivers for 1950. Giuseppe Farina originally planned to enter, but his car never arrived. The Indianapolis 500 would be included on the World Championship calendar through 1960.


1950 Indianapolis 500
The race was originally scheduled for 200 laps (500 miles), but was stopped after 138 laps (345 miles) due to rain.


1950 Indianapolis 500
A rumor circulated in racing circles during and after this race that Johnnie Parsons's team discovered an irreparable crack in the engine block on race morning. The discovery supposedly precipitated Parsons to charge for the lap leader prizes. Presumably, he set his sights on leading as many laps as possible before the engine inevitably was to fail. Furthermore, the race ending early due to rain supposedly saved Parsons's day allowing him to secure the victory before the engine let go. However, the engine block crack was proved to be an urban myth, and it was said to be a very minor but acceptable level of porosity, which did not significantly affect the performance.


1950 Indianapolis 500
Parsons's win saw him score 9 points and move to a temporary first-place tie (after 3 races on the Formula One season calendar) in the first ever World Drivers' Championship, alongside Nino Farina and Juan Manuel Fangio, and also saw him become the first American to win a World Championship race. Parsons is one of only three drivers to have won his first World Championship race, the other two being Farina, who won the first World Championship race (the 1950 British Grand Prix, 17 days earlier) and Giancarlo Baghetti, who won the 1961 French Grand Prix. Despite the 500 being his only race in the 1950 World Championship, it would be enough to see him finish the championship 6th in points.


1950 Indianapolis 500
During the month, Clark Gable and Barbara Stanwyck were at the track to film scenes for the film To Please a Lady. Stanwyck was on hand in victory lane after the race for the traditional celebratory kiss to the winner.


1950 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
The race was carried live on the Mutual Broadcasting System, the precursor to the IMS Radio Network. The broadcast was sponsored by Perfect Circle Piston Rings and Bill Slater served as the anchor. Sid Collins moved into the booth for the first time to serve as analyst, and conducted the victory lane interview at the conclusion of the race. The broadcast feature live coverage of the start, the finish, and live updates throughout the race.


1950 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Prior to the race, it was reported that Slater might miss the race, due to illness. WIBC personality Sid Collins was named as a replacement, however, Slater was able to arrive in time for race day. Collins, who had previously served as a turn reporter, was invited to be the co-anchor in the booth. For the first time, Collins interviewed the winner in victory lane at the conclusion of the race. Collins claims he burned his trousers on Parsons's hot exhaust pipe during the interview, which took place in the rain.


1950 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Radio
Because the race was shortened, Mutual had to interrupt Queen for a Day to cover the finish of the abbreviated event. This was cited by some as a reason why the Speedway would begin flag-to-flag coverage in 1953.


1950 Indianapolis 500, Broadcasting, Television
The race was carried live for the second year in a row on local television on WFBM-TV channel 6 of Indianapolis. Earl Townsend, Jr. was the announcer, along with Dick Pittenger and Paul Roberts. After the race, Speedway management disallowed WFBM from broadcasting the race live again, feeling that gate attendance had been negatively affected.


1950 Individual Speedway Polish Championship
The 1950 Individual Speedway Polish Championship was the sixth running of the Individual Speedway Polish Championship.


1950 Individual Speedway Polish Championship
The Polish Champion was Józef Olejniczak. The Honourable Polish Champion was Alfred Smoczyk (he die 26 September 1950).


1950 Individual Speedway Polish Championship, Heat details
E – retired or mechanical failure •F – fell •N – non-starter


1950 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1950 Individual Speedway World Championship was the fifth edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.


1950 Individual Speedway World Championship
Speedway riders from New Zealand and Wales appeared in the World Championship for the first time. The title was won by Welshman Freddie Williams with the pivotal heat being the heat against Australian Graham Warren. Warren and Williams both unbeaten met in their third rides and as Warren challenged Williams for the lead he was forced to drop behind Williams. Warren then hit a bump and fell which cost him valuable points and the chance to win the title.


1950 Individual Speedway World Championship
Ronnie Moore became the youngest finalist at the age of just 17.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship
The 1950 India-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship (official name: Treaty of Peace and Friendship Between the Government of India and Government of Nepal) is a bilateral treaty between Nepal and India establishing a close strategic relationship between the two South Asian neighbours. The treaty was signed at Kathmandu on 31 July 1950 by the last Rana Prime Minister of Nepal Mohan Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana and Indian ambassador to Nepal, Chadreshwar Narayan Singh and came into force the same day as per Article 9 of the Treaty. Rana rule in Nepal ended just 3 months after the treaty was signed. The treaty allows free movement of people and goods between the two nations and a close relationship and collaboration on matters of defense and foreign policy.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Provisions
The India-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship was signed by the last Rana Prime Minister of Nepal, Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, and the Indian Ambassador to Nepal, Chandreshwor Narayan Singh on 31 July 1950 and came into force the same day. It has ten articles. The treaty provides for everlasting peace and friendship between the two countries and the two governments agree mutually to acknowledge and respect the complete sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence of each other.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Provisions
As per Articles 6 and 7, the two governments agree to grant, on a reciprocal basis, to the nationals of one country in the territories of the other, the same privileges in the matter of residence, ownership of property (requires RBI permission), participation in trade and commerce, movement and other privileges of a similar nature. This enables Nepalese and Indian citizens to move freely across the border without passport or visa, live and work in either country and own property or conduct trade or business in either country. There are a large number of Indians living, owning property and working or doing business in Nepal as a beneficial aspect of the treaty for India. Reciprocally, many Nepalese live, own property and conduct business freely in India.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Provisions
For centuries, Nepal remained in self-imposed isolation. After the 1860 treaty with the East India Company, Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana of Nepal allowed Indians to purchase and sell land in Nepal's Terai. After the ascent of Mt. Everest by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay, Nepal completely lifted its ban on foreigners.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Provisions
The King of Nepal enacted the Citizenship Act of 1952 that allowed Indians to emigrate to Nepal and acquire Nepalese citizenship. But as more and more Indian immigrants from Bihar started acquiring Nepalese citizenship, most Nepalese became resentful of this provision.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Treaty of Peace and Friendship Between the Government of India and the Government of Nepal. Signed at Kathmandu, ON 31 July 1950. The Government of India and the Government of Nepal, recognizing the ancient ties which have happily existed between the two countries;Desiring still further to strengthen and develop these ties and to perpetuate peace between the two countries;Have resolved therefore to enter into a Treaty of Peace and Friendship with each other, and have, for this purpose, appointed as their plenipotentiaries the following persons, namely,The Government of India:His Excellency Shri Chandreshwar Prasad Narain Singh, Ambassador of India in Nepal. The Government of Nepal:Maharaja Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Prime Minister and Supreme Commander-in-Chief of Nepal,


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
who having examined each other's credentials and found them good and in due form have agreed as follows:


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 1There shall be everlasting peace and friendship between the Government of India and the Government of Nepal. The two Governments agree mutually to acknowledge and respect the complete sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence of each other,


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 2The two Governments hereby undertake to inform each other of any serious friction or misunderstanding with any neighboring State likely to cause any breach in the friendly relations subsisting between the two Governments.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 3 In order to establish and maintain the relations referred to in Article 1 the two Governments agree to continue diplomatic relations with each other by means of representatives with such staff as is necessary for the due performance of their functions.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
The representatives and such of their staff as may be agreed upon shall enjoy such diplomatic privileges and immunities as are customarily granted by international law on a reciprocal basis  : Provided that in no case shall these be less than those granted to persons of a similar status of any other State having diplomatic relations with either Government.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 4The two Governments agree to appoint Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls and other consular agents, who shall reside in towns, ports and other places in each other's territory as may be agreed to. Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls and consular agents shall be provided with exequaturs or other valid authorization of their appointment. Such exequatur or authorization is liable to be withdrawn by the country which issued it, if considered necessary. The reasons for the withdrawal shall be indicated wherever possible. The persons mentioned above shall enjoy on a reciprocal basis all the rights, privileges, exemptions and immunities that are accorded to persons of corresponding status of any other State.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 5The Government of Nepal shall be free to import, from or through the territory of India, arms, ammunition or warlike material and equipment necessary for the security of Nepal. The procedure for giving effect to this arrangement shall be worked out by the two Governments acting in consultation.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 6Each Government undertakes, in token of the neighborly friendship between India and Nepal, to give to the nationals of the other, in its territory, national treatment with regard to participation in industrial and economic development of such territory and to the grant of concessions and contracts, relating to such development.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 7The Governments of India and Nepal agree to grant, on a reciprocal basis, to the nationals of one country in the territories of the other the same privileges in the matter of residence, ownership of property, participation in trade and commerce, movement and other privileges of a similar nature.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 8So far as matters dealt with herein are concerned, this Treaty cancels all previous Treaties, agreements, and engagements entered into on behalf of India between the British Government and the Government of Nepal.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 9This Treaty shall come into force from the date of signature by both Governments.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Article 10This Treaty shall remain in force until it is terminated by either party by giving one year's notice.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
Done in duplicate at Kathmandu this 31st day of July 1950.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
(Signed) Chandreshwar Prasad Narain Singh For the Government of India


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Text of the Treaty
(Signed)  Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana For the Government of Nepal


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Background
The himalayan Nation of Nepal borders northern India in the south, east and west. During British rule in India, Nepal's ties with the British government were governed by the 1816 Treaty of Sugauli that was replaced by the 1923 "Treaty of perpetual peace and friendship" or  Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923. After the independence of India in 1947, the two nations sought to forge close strategic, commercial and cultural relations. The rise of Communist China in 1949 and the subsequent invasion of Tibet heightened security concerns in both India and Nepal. India had maintained good relations with Tibet, but the Rana rulers of Nepal feared that China would support the Communist Party of Nepal and sponsor a communist revolution that would overthrow their autocratic regime.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Background
With heightening concerns over the security threat to India presented by Communist China, which was seen as seeking to project power and influence over Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan and China's border disputes with India, the latter sought to strengthen its "Himalayan frontier" by forging an alliance on defence and foreign affairs with the Rana rulers of Nepal.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Criticism
This treaty is called unequal by most Nepalese since Nepalese law does not permit an open border, and Indians, by law, should not be able to buy lands and properties in Nepal or carry out businesses in their names. They claim that the 1950 treaty was signed by undemocratic rulers of Nepal and can be scrapped by a one-year notice. The treaty has been unpopular especially among Pahari segments of Nepal, who often regard it as a breach of its sovereignty. Also, agreements were manipulated in the favour of antidemocratic autocratic rule of Nepal, where the power of the people is fragmented.


1950 Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, Deterioration of bilateral relations
Although initially supported enthusiastically by both the Rana rulers and Indian establishment, the treaty became the subject of increased resentment in Nepal, which saw it as an encroachment of its sovereignty and an unwelcome extension of Indian influence. After an abortive attempt in 1952 of the Communist Party of Nepal to overthrow the autocratic Rana rule with Chinese backing, India and the Rana regime stepped up military and intelligence cooperation under treaty provisions, and India sent a military mission to Nepal which was regarded by leftist Nepalese as an undue extension of Indian influence in Nepal. In the late 1950s and the 1960s, after the advent of democracy in Nepal, it and China forged better relations, and relations with India deteriorated. Nepal forced the Indian military mission to leave, and both nations began ignoring the treaty provisions.