1954–55 St. Francis Terriers men's basketball team
The 1954–1955 St. Francis Terriers men's basketball team represented St. Francis College during the 1954–55 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was coached by Daniel Lynch, who was in his seventh year at the helm of the St. Francis Terriers. The team was a member of the Metropolitan New York Conference and played their home games at the Bulter Street Gymnasium in their Cobble Hill, Brooklyn campus and at the II Corps Artillery Armory in Park Slope, Brooklyn.


1954–55 St. Francis Terriers men's basketball team
The team was a member of the Metropolitan New York Conference continuously since 1945, although the team first joined the conference in its inaugural year, 1933.


1954–55 Stoke City F.C. season
The 1954–55 season was Stoke City's 48th season in the Football League and the 15th in the Second Division.


1954–55 Stoke City F.C. season
Taylor continued to add new players to the squad as the aim for 1954–55 was to gain promotion back to the First Division. Stoke made a great start to the season winning five out of their first six matches. Taylor was able to field a settled team for the majority of the season alas Stoke could not keep up their form and promotion was missed with Stoke finishing in 5th position. In the FA Cup Stoke were involved in one of the longest cup ties as their third round encounter with Bury went on to a fourth replay with Stoke finally winning 3–2 after 9 hours and 22 minutes of football.


1954–55 Stoke City F.C. season, Season review, League
Stoke manager Frank Taylor continued to purchase players as he attempted to guide Stoke back into the First Division. He added the Wolverhampton Wanderers left back Jack Short to his squad in the summer of 1954. Things looked to be improving when Stoke started the 1954–55 season in fine form winning five out of six. Taylor was fortunate to be able to field a settled side but the form rate was not maintained and promotion was missed, albeit by a narrow margin, Stoke taking fifth spot just two behind promoted Birmingham City and Luton Town. During the season Stoke beat Liverpool away 4–2 their first victory at Anfield for 60 years.


1954–55 Stoke City F.C. season, Season review, FA Cup
In the FA Cup Stoke were drawn with Bury in the third round and after four draws the tie went to a fourth replay with Stoke finally beating Bury 3–2 in extra time. In total the tie took 9 hours and 22 minutes of football and had an aggregated scoreline of 10–9. Unfortunately for Stoke it was all in vain as in the next round they were defeated by Swansea Town.


1954–55 Sussex County Football League
The 1954–55 Sussex County Football League season was the 30th in the history of the competition.


1954–55 Sussex County Football League
Division 1 featured now increased to seventeen teams with Hove White Rovers being promoted from Division 2 and Southwick re-joining. Division 2 featured eleven teams from which the winners would be promoted into Division 1.


1954–55 Sussex County Football League, Division One
The division featured 17 clubs, 15 which competed in the last season, along with two new clubs:


1954–55 Sussex County Football League, Division Two
The division featured 11 clubs, 9 which competed in the last season, along with two new clubs:


1954–55 Swedish Division I season
The 1954–55 Swedish Division I season was the eleventh season of Swedish Division I. Djurgardens IF defeated Hammarby IF in the league final, 2 games to none.


1954–55 Swedish football Division 2
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Frietjes (talk | contribs) at 18:04, 16 February 2020 (List markup). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1954–55 Swedish football Division 2
Statistics of Swedish football Division 2 for the 1954–55 season.


1954–55 Swedish football Division 3
Statistics of Swedish football Division 3 for the 1954–55 season.


1954–55 Syracuse Nationals season
During the 1954–55 Syracuse Nationals season (their 6th), the National Basketball Association (NBA) was struggling financially and down to just 8 teams. Nationals owner Danny Biasone suggested that the league limit the amount of time taken for a shot. Biasone was upset with the stalling tactics of opposing teams. During the summer of 1954, Biasone had gotten together some of his pros and a group of high school players and timed them with a stopwatch. Most shots were taken within 12 seconds, Biasone discovered.


1954–55 Syracuse Nationals season
Biasone calculated that a 24-second shot clock would allow at least 30 shots per quarter and assist in increasing scoring. The result would speed up a game that often ended with long periods of teams just holding the ball. Quickness and athletic ability became prized as they never had been before. Excessive fouling didn't disappear completely, but just about everyone concluded that the clock was good for the game. The shot clock was a success with the result that scoring was up 14 points per game league wide. In the 1st season of the shot clock, the Nats would take 1st place in the Eastern Division with a 43–29 record.


1954–55 Syracuse Nationals season, Playoffs, NBA Finals
In the Finals, the Nats would get off to a fast start; taking the first 2 games at home against the Fort Wayne Pistons. However, as home court shifted, the Pistons would spark back to life; taking all 3 games to take a 3–2 series lead. Heading back to Syracuse for Game 6 the Nats kept their Championship hopes alive by defeating the Pistons 109–104 to force a decisive game 7 at home. Game 7 would prove to be as tight as the entire series had played out to that point.


1954–55 Syracuse Nationals season, Playoffs, NBA Finals
As time started running out on the Pistons title hopes late in the 4th quarter of game 7 point guard George King sank a clutch free throw to give the Nats a 92–91 lead. King would then steal the inbound pass as time ticked away to clinch the NBA title for the Nationals.


1954–55 Tercera División
The 1954–55 Tercera División season was the 19th since its establishment.


1954–55 Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball team
The 1954–55 Texas Tech Red Raiders men's basketball team represented Texas Tech University in the Border Intercollegiate Athletic Association during the 1954–55 NCAA men's basketball season. The head coach was Polk Robison, his 8th year with the team.


1954–55 Topps Hockey
The 1954–55 Topps hockey set was Topps' first attempt at producing trading cards for the National Hockey League. At the time, the league consisted of six teams known as the Original Six. Topps included all four American teams in this popular 60-card set - Boston Bruins, Chicago Black Hawks, Detroit Red Wings, and New York Rangers.


1954–55 Topps Hockey
As noted on most packaging, the Topps cards were made and printed in U.S.A. Cards were sold in 5-cent packs and 1-cent packs. As written on select packaging, the series was also made and distributed by O-Pee-Chee Co., Ltd. London, Ontario, Canada under license with Topps Chewing Gum Inc., Brooklyn, N.Y.


1954–55 Topps Hockey, History
Each card in this set measures approximately 25⁄8 in. x 33⁄4 in., and features a player photo (in a blue and red line background), team logo, team name, position, and a facsimile autograph. As is typical of most trading cards, the back of the card features biographical information, statistics from the 1953–54 season, and a few notes featuring hockey facts. After this season Topps did not produce a hockey set again for another two years until the 1957 set because the NHL went after Topps for not getting their permission to use the team logos in the card photos.


1954–55 Topps Hockey, Card trading
While the set is printed in the United States, a large portion of the actual print run found its way to Canada, as baseball was America's national pastime.


1954–55 Topps Hockey, Card trading
As far as the hobby of trading cards is concerned, this set features only three Rookie Cards, including #18 Doug Mohns, #32 Camille Henry, and #35 Don McKenney. The inclusion of a very early Gordie Howe card is one of the main draws of this set, and the card can be seen trading in the $2000 range when in Near Mint condition. A PSA 9 1954 Topps Gordie Howe card sold for $10,000.00 in the early 2000s.


1954–55 Topps Hockey, Card trading
Cards #1 and #60 are considered to be condition sensitive for two reasons. The first is their placement on the sheet during printing, and the second reason is due to the "rubber band" factor. The "rubber band" factor occurs when a tight rubber band is used to hold a stack of trading cards together, thus damaging the first and last cards in the stack. And in the case of complete sets, this would be cards #1 and #60. A PSA 8 Milt Schmidt #60 sold on eBay in 2005 for $6,000.00.


1954–55 Topps Hockey, Card trading
Another condition sensitive challenge in this set are gum stains. Topps included a stick of bubble gum in every pack a collector would purchase. Two kinds of packs were distributed: Penny packs and nickel packs. Penny packs included only one card increasing the chance greatly of an unsightly gum stain tainting that card.


1954–55 Toronto Maple Leafs season
The 1954–55 Toronto Maple Leafs season saw the Maple Leafs finish in third place in the National Hockey League (NHL) with a record of 24 wins, 24 losses, and 22 ties for 70 points. They were swept in the semi-finals by the eventual Stanley Cup champion Detroit Red Wings.


1954–55 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team
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1954–55 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team
The 1954–55 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1954–55 NCAA men's basketball season and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. The Bruins were led by seventh year head coach John Wooden. They finished the regular season with a record of 21–5 and won the PCC Southern Division with a record of 11–1. UCLA lost to Oregon State in the PCC conference play-offs.


1954–55 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team, Previous season
The Bruins finished the regular season with a record of 18–7 and finished 2nd in the PCC Southern Division with a record of 7–5.


1954–55 United States network television schedule
The following is the 1954–55 network television schedule for the four major English language commercial broadcast networks in the United States. The schedule covers primetime hours from September 1954 through March 1955. The schedule is followed by a list per network of returning series, new series, and series cancelled after the 1953–54 season.


1954–55 United States network television schedule
Fall 1954 marked a big change for television when ABC announced a network deal with a significant Hollywood producer. ABC had contracted with Walt Disney to produce a new series called Disneyland (as part of the deal, the network provided funding towards the construction of Walt's amusement park of the same name, opening in July 1955). The series was an instant hit, and marked the beginning of the networks allowing Hollywood programs into their schedules. Thus, Disney became the third significant Hollywood film producer to venture into television production, after Jerry Fairbanks and Hal Roach.


1954–55 United States network television schedule
ABC president Leonard Goldenson decided in early 1954 that a television network was not the place for religious programs; as a result, Billy Graham's religious series, Hour of Decision, did not appear on ABC's fall 1954 schedule. Goldenson told Graham that the series was canceled because the poor ratings the series received were hurting the "flow" of ABC's entertainment programs. However, later critics, such as R.D. Heldenfels (1994), reject the stated reason for the cancellation.


1954–55 United States network television schedule
According to Heldenfels, since Hour of Decision was the last program that ABC aired on Sunday nights (at 10:30), "flow would not have been an issue"; ABC did not air anything in place of the canceled series and gave the slot back to its local affiliates. Heldenfels believes Goldenson "simply felt uncomfortable about organized religion". Another 1953–54 ABC religious series, This Is the Life, also failed to make the 1954–55 ABC schedule.


1954–55 United States network television schedule
DuMont's 1954–55 schedule would be the last year the failing television network planned a seven night program schedule, and even this schedule was full of holes. Heldenfels states that the 1954 DuMont schedule "was a checkerboard of programs and empty spaces for [local] stations to fill". DuMont did not bother to schedule anything against ABC's Disneyland, NBC's new series Caesar's Hour, or either of CBS's Arthur Godfrey programs, conceding those slots (and others) to the bigger networks. However, DuMont continued to air Bishop Fulton Sheen's program Life Is Worth Living against NBC's popular The Buick-Berle Show.


1954–55 United States network television schedule
DuMont's counter-programming strategy, scheduling a religious program against Milton Berle's bawdy show, had met with success in previous years. The rivalry between the programs had caused Berle to joke, "He uses old material, too." Sheen, for his part, once introduced himself as "Uncle Fultie". Still, DuMont's limited success in counter-programming a few slots would not be enough to save the network; Heldenfels states that the DuMont network's programs "resemble the grasping of program straws as much or more as they look like a strategic plan." DuMont would cancel Life Is Worth Living in April 1955, along with most of its remaining programs.


1954–55 United States network television schedule
Each of the 30 highest-rated shows is listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research.


1954–55 United States network television schedule, Monday
Note: On NBC, Producers' Showcase made its debut as a monthly series, airing 8:00–9:30 pm


1954–55 United States network television schedule, Tuesday
Note: Beginning this season, Chrysler's Plymouth division alternated with R.J. Reynolds as sponsor of Camel News Caravan on Tuesdays and Thursdays. The Bob Hope Show and The Martha Raye Show each appeared monthly.


1954–55 United States network television schedule, Thursday
Note:  On CBS, Willy moved from Saturday to Thursday in April.


1954–55 United States network television schedule, Saturday
Note: On NBC, the Saturday edition of Max Liebman Presents debuted as a monthly series, airing 9:00–10:30 pm. On ABC, Ozark Jubilee premiered in January from 9:00–10:00 p.m. On CBS, Willy moved from Saturday to Thursday in April.


1954–55 United States network television schedule, Saturday
The Soldiers, a live military sitcom starring Hal March, Tom D'Andrea, and John Dehner, produced and directed by Bud Yorkin, aired eleven episodes on NBC Saturday schedule between June 25 and September 3, 1955.


1954–55 United States network television schedule, By network, NBC
Note: The * indicates that the program was introduced in midseason.


1954–55 United States network television schedule (daytime)
The 1954–55 daytime network television schedule for the three major English-language commercial broadcast networks in the United States covers the weekday daytime hours from September 1954 to August 1955.


1954–55 United States network television schedule (daytime)
Talk shows are highlighted in yellow, local programming is white, reruns of prime-time programming are orange, game shows are pink, soap operas are chartreuse, news programs are gold and all others are light blue. New series are highlighted in bold.


1954–55 United States network television schedule (late night)
These are the late night Monday-Friday schedules on all four networks for each calendar season beginning September 1954. All times are Eastern and Pacific.


1954–55 United States network television schedule (late night)
Two of the four networks began late-night schedules in 1954; DuMont aired its first and only show, The Ernie Kovacs Show, beginning in summer 1954, while NBC resumed late-night programming with Tonight, three years after it had canceled Broadway Open House. DuMont ceased programming the late-night time slot in spring 1955 ahead of its shutdown (Kovacs would then move to NBC), while NBC has run Tonight (now The Tonight Show) continuously since then.


1954–55 United States network television schedule (late night)
Talk shows are highlighted in yellow, local programming is white.


1954–55 WHL season
The 1954–55 WHL season was the third season of the Western Hockey League. The Edmonton Flyers were the President's Cup champions as they beat the Calgary Stampeders in four games in the final series.


1954–55 WHL season, Playoffs
The Edmonton Flyers win the President's Cup 4 games to 0.


1954–55 WIHL season
1954–55 was the ninth season of the Western International Hockey League.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The Kimberley Dynamiters defeated the powerful Nelson Maple Leafs four games to one in a best-of-seven series for the 1954-55 WIHL championship. The Dynamiters went on to play the Vernon Canadians in the Savage Cup playdowns, and were trounced four games to one. It was a frustrating season for the Dynamiters.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
FIRST—they lost the league title to the Nelson Maple Leafs in the final game of the season, 4-3 at Nelson, after leading the pack most of the entire season.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
SECOND--Buzz Mellor lost the scoring championship to Nelson's Joe Bell by less than one point, with the percentage basis in force that year. Joe Bell picked up an assist on the Maple Leaf final goal of the regulation season, by just being on the ice. He no more deserved an assist on the goal than the timekeeper, but nevertheless it cost Buzz Mellor the scoring crown. Claude Bell of the Kimberley Dynamiters enjoyed his best season ever, finishing one point behind teammate Buzz Mellor in the scoring race. He paced the league in the goal department that term, with 30 markers in only 34 games, while most of the other teams played a 44 game schedule.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
THIRD—the Dynamiters ace goalie, Earl Betker, lost out to Nelson's Ray Mikulan for the goaltending award, by a slim margin of 3.97 to 3.95 average. One consolation: Earl Betker was picked the WIHL All-Star netminder that season.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
FOURTH—Earl Betker suffered a severe back injury when he came out of his net to block Fritz Koehle's shot in the second game of the playoffs in Nelson. The courageous Dynamiter goalie, after being carried from the ice, returned to play the ten minutes of regulation time, and held the Dynamiters in the game in overtime, with playing coach Norm Larsen scoring the winner with 12 seconds remaining in the first overtime.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
It wasn't necessary to dress a spare goaltender in those days, and Betker disobeyed the doctor's advice, and went out and made many brilliant saves, despite the fact he was labouring under terrific pain. He failed to see further action for the Dynamiters that season, with Kimberley securing the services of  Spokane Flyers' Jerry Fodey.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Just to show you how desperate the Nelson Maple Leafs wanted to win was when they launched a protest to the WIHL, on the grounds that the injured Betker took approximately 15 minutes to return to action. The protest was disallowed after the league executive conferred with the British Columbia Amateur Hockey Association (BCAHA), and the bad publicity the Maple Leafs received didn't help their cause. The Maple Leaf players were not in favour of the protest.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Jerry Fodey proved himself a real sportsman by coming to the Dynamiters rescue. When contacted by the Dynamiters executive, he never even asked about money, but caught a bus for Kimberley, British Columbia and played brilliantly in the Dynamiters net.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
FIFTH—The WIHL introduced 12-man hockey in the league that season, and when the Dynamiters met the Vernon Canadians in the Savage Cup finals, they were a tired crew. The Okanagan Senior League played with a 15-man roster that season. The Dynamiters played four games in as many nights in their semi-finals against the Spokane Flyers, and to top it off, rushed right into the WIHL finals against the Nelson Maple Leafs, playing five games in six days. The players were not supermen, and it showed in their series with Vernon.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
SIXTH—The Dynamiters were forced to make Kelowna, British Columbia their headquarters, because the BCAHA decided to play games in Penticton, Kelowna, Vernon and Kamloops, because Vernon wasn't supporting senior hockey. In order to bring their roster up to strength, the Dynamiters talked Bill "Tank" Johnston and Jack "Buck" Kavanaugh out of retirement, in order to dress three lines.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Kimberley beat Spokane in Semi-Finals. The Kimberley Dynamiters and Spokane Flyers locked horns in a best-of-five semi-final series; with the Nelson Maple Leafs taking on the last place Trail Smoke Eaters in a similar affair. The Leafs took the Smokies out in four games, with the Dynamiters doing likewise to the Flyers.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Backed by the scintillating goaltending of Earl Betker, the Dynamiters won the opening game against Spokane 5-2, before 1,600 home fans. Claudie Bell paced the Dynamiters with two goals, with singletons going to Buzz Mellor, Gerry Barre and Barry Craig. Lorne Nadeau collected both Spokane goals. , the Dynamiters hard working defenceman, was picked the number one star of the game.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The Dynamiters continued their winning ways by racking up a 6-4 triumph the following night, before 1,700 delirious spectators. Cal Hockley was the Dynamiters big gun with the hat trick, with Buzz Mellor picking up a pair of goals, and Norm Knippleberg the other. Tom Hodges registered two counters for the Flyers, and Frank Kubasek and Lorne Nadeau had one apiece. Gordon Andre, a league All-Star defenceman, was a standout for Kimberley.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The scene switched to Spokane for the next two games, with the Flyers capturing the first game by the score of 4-1. George Senick, Red Tilson, Doug Toole and Lorne Nadeau were the Spokane goal getters. Buzz Mellor ruined Jerry Fodey's bid for a shutout.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Both teams appeared weary, after playing four games in four nights, with the Dynamiters showing just enough pep to tack up a 4-3 victory and in doing so, eliminated the Flyers from the playoff scene. Buzz Mellor continued to lead the Dynamiters with a pair of goals, with Barry Craig and Norm Knippleberg gathering singles. Jackie Miller potted a brace of goals for Spokane, and Lorne Nadeau one.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Dynamiters Hot In Nelson Series. The Kimberley Dynamiters, who had not won a WIHL championship since the 1946-47 season, made no mistakes in the finals against the Nelson Maple Leafs. The Dynamiters, under the capable eye of playing coach Norm Larsen, spotted the Leafs the first game, and then came roaring back to win four in a row.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Dr. Joseph Vingo of Nelson was the WIHL President that season, and made a switch in the playoff pattern. He ordered the first two games to be played in the home arena of the top team, and the following three away from home, and if necessary, the next two back in the rink where the series started.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Norman Larsen, who remembered what happened in the previous year when the Dynamiters won the league championship, and lost out to the Nelson Maple Leafs in the WIHL finals, was determined the same mistake wasn't going to happen again; and had his team humming on all cylinders.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The Dynamiters blew a 4-1 lead in the opening game, before over 2,000 Nelson fans, with the Leafs coming on strong to post a 6-5 verdict. Lee Hyssop sparked the Leafs with two goals, with Mickey Maglio, Murray Parker, Vic Lofvendahl and Joe Bell adding singles. Claudie Bell scored twice for the Dynamiters, with Buzz Mellor, Barry Craig and Norm Knippleberg rounding out the scoring sheet.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The Dynamiters turned the tables on the Leafs the following night, before a capacity crowd, by shading the Leafs 6-5 in overtime. Coach Larsen played the hero role by scoring a pretty goal with only 12 seconds remaining in the first overtime. It had looked bad for the Dynamiters, with less than ten minutes remaining in regulation time, when Earl Betker received his severe back injury. The score was knotted at 5-5 at the time, and the Dynamiters sent out an S.O.S. for either Seth Martin or Reno Zanier, but neither was in the arena.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The Dynamiters' spare netminder, Art Gold, was back in Kimberley. Betker insisted on returning, and turned in a sparkling performance. Norm Knippleberg paced the Dynamiters with a pair of goals, with Cal Hockley, Claudie Bell, Buzz Mellor and Larsen one each. Nelson received goals from Joe Bell, Fritz Koehle, Herb Jeffrey, Lee Hyssop and Bruce Carmichael.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Kimberley Takes Three Straight At Home. The Kimberley Dynamiters were at their best playing before capacity crowds at home, and made short order of the Leafs.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The first game saw the Dynamiters strike like lightning twice, before the period was 30 seconds old, and went on to score a convincing 6-2 win. Cal Hockley scored twice, with Buzz Mellor, Norm Knippleberg, Gerry Barre and Claudie Bell hitting once. Lee Hyssop and Fritz Koehle were the Leafs' lamplighters. Diminutive Jerry Fodey was a stand out in the Dynamiters net, and received excellent support from his blueline patrol of Bill Jones, "Terrible" Ted Lebodia, Barry Craig and Gordon "the Giant" Andre.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The Dynamiters could taste victory, and had little trouble in handling the Leafs 5-2 in the fourth game of the series. Claudie Bell came up with a two goal effort, with Buzz Mellor, Gerry Barre and Barry Craig scoring singletons. Herb Jeffrey and Joe Bell gathered the Leafs two counters.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The Maple Leafs pushed the Dynamiters to the limit in the fifth and final game of the best-of-seven series. The game ended with a story book finish, with Ray McNevin standing out like a beacon of light for the Dynamiters. The Dynamiters squeezed out a 3-2 win, thanks to Ray McNevin's two goal performance. He tied the game for Kimberley in the third period, and scored the winner in the third overtime session. It was at least ten seconds before the paralyzed crowd realised that McNevin's long shot ended up behind Chuck Rayner, and then they let out with a yell that rocked the ancestors. Claudie Bell scored for Kimberley in the opening period, with Lee Hyssop and Joe Bell beating Fodey.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Chuck Rayner, the Nelson coach and former star goalie with the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League, pulled off a big surprise by benching regular goalie Ray Mikulan and played himself, in an effort to try to spark the Leafs.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Vernon Trounced Kimberley. The Kimberley Dynamiters were no match for the Vernon Canadians in the hunt for the Savage Cup, and only managed one win in their best-of-seven series.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Vernon won the curtain raiser in a game played at Kelowna, 6-1. The Canadians handled the Dynamiters easily in the second fixture at Vernon 9-2, with the Dynamiters taking the third contest 4-2, also in Vernon. The fourth game was played in Kamloops, with Vernon coming from behind to take a close verdict 5-3, with their final goal scored into an empty net. Vernon wrapped up their first Savage Cup with a convincing 8-1 win in Penticton, before 2,200 fans.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
Vernon outscored the Dynamiters 30 goals to 11 in the series. Sherman Blair, a former Dynamiter paced Vernon in the scoring parade with six goals; followed closely by Odie Lowe with five. Claudie Bell was the Dynamiters leading scorer, with four markers to his credit.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The 1954-55 edition of the Vernon Canadians, under the capable guidance of playing coach George Agar, was a well balanced club, backed up by the excellent netminding of Hal Gordon.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The handwriting was on the wall that senior hockey couldn't survive much longer in the Okanagan: for Kelowna had dropped $11,000 in 54-55; Kamloops $7,000; and Vernon only cleared $200 for the entire season; and it was the playoff that bailed them out of serious trouble. They still owed a $10,000 deficit from the previous year.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
The Penticton V's, despite the fact they had just won the Allan Cup and the 1955 World Ice Hockey Championships, were having oxygen pumped to them, in order to survive their money crisis.


1954–55 WIHL season, Season recap
It wasn't too long before senior hockey folded like a tent, in the once hockey-mad league.


1954–55 WIHL season, Semi finals
Nelson Maple Leafs beat Trail Smoke Eaters 3 wins to 1.


1954–55 WIHL season, Final
Kimberley Dynamiters beat Nelson Maple Leafs 4 wins to 1.


1954–55 WIHL season, Final
Kimberley Dynamiters advanced to the 1954-55 British Columbia Senior Playoffs.


1954–55 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
The 1954–55 Washington Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Washington for the 1954–55 NCAA college basketball season. Led by fifth-year head coach Tippy Dye, the Huskies were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus at Hec Edmundson Pavilion in Seattle, Washington.


1954–55 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
The Huskies were 13–12 overall in the regular season and 7–9 in conference play, third in the Northern divisionstandings.


1954–55 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
The 1954–55 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team represented Washington State College for the 1954–55 college basketball season. Led by 27th-year head coach Jack Friel, the Cougars were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus at Bohler Gymnasium in Pullman, Washington.


1954–55 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
The Cougars were 11–15 overall in the regular season and 5–11 in conference play, tied for last in the Northern division standings.


1954–55 Welsh Cup
The 1954–55 FAW Welsh Cup is the 68th season of the annual knockout tournament for competitive football teams in Wales.


1954–55 Welsh Cup, Fifth round
Ten winners from the Fourth round and six new clubs.


1954–55 Welsh Cup, Semifinal
Barry Town and Wrexham played at Cardiff, Cardiff City and Chester played at Wrexham.


1954–55 Western Football League
The 1954–55 season was the 53rd in the history of the Western Football League.


1954–55 Western Football League
The champions for the first time in their history were Dorchester Town, and the winners of Division Two were Yeovil Town Reserves.


1954–55 Western Football League, Final tables, Division One
Division One remained at eighteen clubs after two clubs were promoted to replace Clandown and Stonehouse who were relegated to Division Two.


1954–55 Western Football League, Final tables, Division Two
Division Two remained at eighteen clubs after Stonehouse Reserves left the league, and Bristol City Colts and Bristol Rovers Colts were promoted to Division One. Three new clubs joined:


1954–55 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers basketball team
The 1954–55 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers men's basketball team represented Western Kentucky State College during the 1954-55 NCAA University Division Basketball season. The Hilltoppers were led by future Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame coach Edgar Diddle. Western won the Ohio Valley Conference season championship but lost in the semifinals of the conference tournament. Ralph Crosthwaite and Forest Able were named to the All-Conference and OVC Tournament teams.


1954–55 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team
The 1954–55 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team represented the College of William & Mary in intercollegiate basketball during the 1954–55 NCAA men's basketball season. Under the third year of head coach Boydson Baird, the team finished the season 11–14, 7–5 in the Southern Conference. This was the 50th season of the collegiate basketball program at William & Mary, whose nickname is now the Tribe. William & Mary played its home games at Blow Gymnasium.


1954–55 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team
The Indians finished in 6th place in the conference and qualified for the 1955 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, held at the Richmond Arena. However, William & Mary fell to Richmond in the quarterfinals.


1954–55 Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball team
The 1954–1955 Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball team represented University of Wisconsin–Madison. The head coach was Harold E. Foster, coaching his twentyfirst season with the Badgers. The team played their home games at the UW Fieldhouse in Madison, Wisconsin and was a member of the Big Ten Conference.


1954–55 Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. season
The 1954–55 season was the 56th season of competitive league football in the history of English football club Wolverhampton Wanderers. They played in the First Division, then the highest level of English football, for a 17th consecutive year.


1954–55 Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. season
They entered the season as the defending league champions but were denied a second consecutive title by Chelsea, who finished four points ahead of them.


1954–55 Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. season, Results, Final League Table
Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GA = Goal average; Pts = Points


1954–55 Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. season, Players Used
Bert Williams	39	4	1	44Billy Wright	39	4	0	43Peter Broadbent	38	4	1	43Dennis Wilshaw	28	4	1	43Bill Slater	38	4	0	42Ron Flowers	37	4	1	42Bill Shorthouse	36	4	1	41Roy Swinbourne	36	4	1	41Les Smith	34	4	0	38Eddie Stuart	33	4	0	37Johnny Hancocks	32	3	1	36Jimmy Mullen	17	0	0	17Eddie Clamp	10	0	1	11George Showell	8	0	0	8Norman Deeley	7	0	1	8Roy Pritchard	7	0	0	7Colin Booth	3	0	0	3Nigel Sims	3	0	0	3Jack Taylor	3	0	0	3Peter Russell	2	0	1	3Tommy McDonald	1	1	0	2Joe Baillie	1	0	0	1Bill Gutterirdge	0	0	1	1


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup
1954–55 was the forty-seventh occasion on which the  Yorkshire Cup competition had been held.


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup
Halifax winning the trophy by beating Hull F.C. by the score of 22-14


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup
The match was played at Headingley, Leeds, now in West Yorkshire. The attendance was 25,949 and receipts were £4,638


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup
This was the  first of Halifax's two successive victories, both against Hull FC, for whom it was their second of three successive Cup Final defeats


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup, Background
This season there were no junior/amateur clubs taking part, no new entrants and no "leavers" and so the total of entries remained the  same at sixteen.


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup, Background
This in turn resulted in no byes in the first round.


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup, Background
Last season saw the  end of the  two-legged home and away ties, and reverted to the  whole competition being based on a simple knock-out formulae


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup, Competition and results, Final, Teams and scorers
Scoring - Try = three (3) points - Goal = two (2) points - Drop goal = two (2) points


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments
1 * Headingley, Leeds, is the home ground of Leeds RLFC with a capacity of 21,000. The record attendance was  40,175 for a league match between Leeds and Bradford Northern on 21 May 1947.


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments, General information for those unfamiliar
The Rugby League Yorkshire Cup competition was a knock-out competition between (mainly professional) rugby league clubs from  the  county of Yorkshire. The actual area was at times increased to encompass other teams from  outside the  county such as Newcastle, Mansfield, Coventry, and even London (in the form of Acton & Willesden).


1954–55 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments, General information for those unfamiliar
The Rugby League season always (until the onset of "Summer Rugby" in 1996) ran from around August-time through to around May-time and this competition always took place early in the season, in the Autumn, with the final taking place in (or just before) December (The only exception to this was when disruption of the fixture list was caused during, and immediately after, the two World Wars)


1954–55 Yugoslav First League, Teams
At the end of the previous season Odred Ljubljana and Rabotnički were relegated from top level. They were replaced by NK Zagreb and Željezničar.


1954–55 Yugoslav Ice Hockey League season
The 1954–55 Yugoslav Ice Hockey League season was the 13th season of the Yugoslav Ice Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Yugoslavia. Six teams participated in the league, and Partizan won the championship.


1954–55 in Belgian football
The 1954–55 season was the 52nd season of competitive football in Belgium. RSC Anderlechtois won their 6th Division I title and thus became the first Belgian club to enter European competitions as the European Champion Clubs' Cup was first played in 1955-56. The Belgium national football team played 6 friendly games (2 wins, 1 draw, 3 losses). The first Belgian Golden Shoe was awarded in 1955 for the best Belgian played during the 1954 year. Henri Coppens of R Beerschot AC won the trophy.


1954–55 in Belgian football, Overview
At the end of the season, RRC de Bruxelles and OC Charleroi were relegated to Division II and were replaced by Division II winner R Daring Club de Bruxelles and runner-up K Beeringen FC. The bottom 2 clubs in Division II (KFC Izegem and RRC de Gand) were relegated to Division III while both Division III winners (KFC Herentals and RRC Tournaisien) qualified for Division II. The bottom 2 clubs of each Division III league were relegated to Promotion: K Patria FC Tongeren, Stade Waremmien FC, KVG Oostende and K Sint-Niklaasse SK, to be replaced by Mol Sport, SCUP Jette, RCS Hallois and KVK Waaslandia Burcht from Promotion.


1954–55 in English football
The 1954–55 season was the 75th season of competitive football in England, from August 1954 to May 1955.


1954–55 in English football, Overview
Chelsea, managed by legendary former Arsenal forward Ted Drake, celebrate their 50th anniversary by winning the league championship. They finish four points ahead of their nearest three rivals Wolverhampton Wanderers, Portsmouth and Sunderland.


1954–55 in English football, Overview
Manchester United's new-look side with an emphasis on youth finish fifth, their title hopes dashed only by a slow start to the season. Just before the end of the season, their 18-year-old half-back Duncan Edwards becomes the youngest full England international of the 20th century.


1954–55 in English football, Overview
Tottenham Hotspur can only manage a 16th-place finish in the First Division, despite the acquisition of skilful half-back Danny Blanchflower from Aston Villa.


1954–55 in English football, Overview
This was the first season in Liverpool F.C. 's history in which they had played in the second division and not been champions. They had had three seasons in the division previously – 1893–94, 1895–96 and 1904–05, and were immediately promoted as champions each time.


1954–55 in English football, Overview
Newcastle United win the FA Cup for the sixth time, matching the record set by Aston Villa. Three of those victories have come in the last five seasons.


1954–55 in English football, Overview
UEFA announces that the European Champions Cup will be introduced from next season, to be contested between the champions of European domestic leagues, including those from Eastern Bloc countries.


1954–55 in English football, Honours
Notes = Number in parentheses is the times that club has won that honour. * indicates new record for competition


1954–55 in Israeli football
The 1954–55 season was the 7th season of competitive football in Israel and the 29th season under the Israeli Football Association, established in 1928, during the British Mandate.


1954–55 in Israeli football, Domestic leagues, 1953–54 Liga Alef
Although league matches for the previous season ended on 13 March 1954, the confirmation of the league's final standings was delayed, as a match between Maccabi Haifa and Maccabi Petah Tikva, which was played on 26 December 1953 and ended with a 3–2 win for Haifa, was claimed to be fixed, to allow Maccabi Haifa to win. Eventually, on 10 January 1955, the IFA decided to replay the match in a neutral venue, Maccabi Haifa won the rematch 4–1 and secured their spot in the top division.


1954–55 in Israeli football, Domestic leagues, 1953–54 Liga Alef
However, with the IFA already deadlocked with an ongoing dispute between Hapoel and Maccabi, Beitar declared its resignation from the IFA in protest of the IFA decision to replay the Maccabi Haifa-Maccabi Petah Tikva match. Discussions were held with the help of Judge Yosef-Michael Lamm, and an agreement between the factions was reached on 28 January 1955, confirming the results of the season and reprieving Beitar Tel Aviv and Hapoel Balfouria from relegation.


1954–55 in Israeli football, Domestic leagues, Shapira Cup
During the first half of the season, as no league matches were played, Hapoel Tel Aviv organized a league competition for the top Tel Aviv teams, Hapoel, Maccabi, Beitar and Maccabi Jaffa. The competition was played as a double round-robin tournament, with the top placed team winning the cup, named after former Hapoel Tel Aviv treasurer, Yosef Shapira.


1954–55 in Israeli football, Domestic leagues, 1954–55 Liga Alef
League matches were delayed until 6 February 1955, and by the time the IFA had gone to summer break, 20 rounds of matches were completed, delaying the end of the league season to the next season.


1954–55 in Israeli football, Domestic cups
The competition started on 22 January 1955, and by the end of the season reached the quarter-finals stage. The competition was completed during the next season.


1954–55 in Israeli football, National Teams, National team
No official matches were played by the national team during the season.


1954–55 in Israeli football, International club matches, Outgoing tours, Maccabi Tel Aviv tour of Italy
In August 1954, Maccabi Tel Aviv departed for a tour of Italy, intending to play Lazio, Torino, Roma and Napoli. However, the matches against Torino and Roma were cancelled, and the team returned home after playing just two matches in Italy and one more match, en route home, against RC Paris, which was Ernst Happel's first match for RC Paris.


1954–55 in Israeli football, International club matches, Outgoing tours, Petah Tikva XI tour of Cyprus
On 24 September 1954 a team of players from both Hapoel Petah Tikva and Maccabi Petah Tikva departed for a tour of Cyprus, without the consent of the IFA. The Hapoel organization sent a telegram forbidding the participation of Hapoel players in any match, and the team played as Maccabi Petah Tikva. After returning to Israel, Maccabi Petah Tikva was banned for 6 months for its part of the tour, while Hapoel Petah Tikva received a fine of 50 pounds.


1954–55 in Israeli football, International club matches, Outgoing tours, Maccabi Israel tour of England
A Maccabi XI, composed of the best players affiliated with Maccabi clubs, took a tour of England between 21 October and 7 November 1954. Maccabi lost all four matches during the tour and was criticized heavily for arranging the tour and the pick of its opponents.


1954–55 in Israeli football, International club matches, Visiting foreign teams, Beşiktaş
The visiting Turks met several composite teams, in Petah Tikva, a team from the local Hapoel and Maccabi teams, in Tel Aviv a team of the best Hapoel affiliated players and in Haifa a team from the Hapoel teams of Haifa, Kiryat Haim and Tirat HaCarmel.


1954–55 in Israeli football, International club matches, Visiting foreign teams, Udarnik Sofia
Udarnik was invited to a return visit to Hapoel tour of Bulgaria during the previous season. The team arrived 8 October 1954 and played three matches in Israel. At the end of the tour, as the Bulgarians encountered problems with obtaining visas for a layover in Istanbul, a fourth match was arranged with mixed teams of Udarnik, Hapoel Tel Aviv and Maccabi Jaffa.


1954–55 in Scottish football
The 1954–55 season was the 82nd season of competitive football in Scotland and the 58th season of the Scottish Football League.


1954–55 in Scottish football, Scottish League Division A
Champions: AberdeenNote: There was no relegation this season with Division One being increased to 18 teams next season.


1954–55 in Scottish football, Scottish League Division C
Division disbanded. Promoted: Montrose, East Stirlingshire, Berwick Rangers, Dumbarton, Stranraer. Reserve teams placed into a separate Scottish (Reserve) League.


1955
1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1955th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 955th  year of the 2nd millennium, the 55th  year of the 20th century, and the  6th   year of the 1950s decade.


1955 (album)
1955 is a 1998 hip hop music album by Soul-Junk. Musically, the album is the most centred between the low-fi and hip hop eras of Soul-Junk; as put by CCM Magazine "trip-hop meets folk meets retro rock." As with many Soul-Junk albums, the Biblical references from which the lyrics are drawn are listed in the liner. 1955 has a length of about two-and-a-half hours, which was cut from about six hours of material.


1955 (song)
"1955" is a song by Australian hip hop group, Hilltop Hoods. It was released as the second single from the group's second remix album, Drinking from the Sun, Walking Under Stars Restrung (2016). In Australia, "1955" peaked at No. 2 on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart, becoming Hilltop Hoods' highest charting single to date. The song was rated number four in Triple J's Hottest 100 in 2016. The song's accompanying music video was released on 7 February 2016 via their Facebook page.


1955 (song)
To celebrate the release of the album, "1955" along with the other tracks on Drinking from the Sun, Walking Under Stars Restrung were performed in the Restrung Tour. This tour went to Australia's five capital cities and featured Australia's best symphony orchestras and choirs along with special guest Maverick Sabre and Montaigne.


1955 (song), Background
Inspiration for the song came when Matthew Lambert (Suffa) and his wife went to see comedian Dylan Moran. Moran opened the show by stating that he'd always wanted to come to Adelaide to see what it would've been like in 1955. Lambert later commented on Moran's performance:


1955 (song), Background
"That cracked me up. I love Adelaide – I’ve lived there my whole life, but yeah it is sort of like that and when you’re from a small town it is almost like you’re stuck in a different era of time – which is just fine with me while there’s bombs over Damascus. I’m grateful to live somewhere beautiful and safe."


1955 (song), Background
Hilltop Hoods collaborated with Australian singer Montaigne and beatboxer Tom Thum for the song.


1955 (song), Background
In an interview with Triple J, Suffa commented on what the song was about:


1955 (song), Background
"[it's] about living in a small town, a place where things don’t change too much… sometimes living in a small town is like living in a different era. I actually love small town life, obviously it has its drawbacks, but I really enjoy the simplicity and being part of a community"


1955 (song), Composition
"1955" is a hip hop song which is written in the key E major and has a tempo of 84 beats per minute. The track goes for 3 minutes and 59 seconds.


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
Tom Thum's opening line in the track makes reference to "sniffing salts", a chemical compound that was used in the early 20th century that could be used to wake someone up from an unconscious state. The lyrics are relayed to imitate an old radio advertisement:


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
"If you're feeling low, then give it a go! Try Lambert's Sniffing Salts today"


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
The group also criticise the amount of racial profiling that occurs in society, by making reference to the "Clutch of Fear": the act of clutching a purse in fear due to the racial profiling of a nearby individual.


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
Suffa is quick to dismiss the advice of people who watch news channels like Fox, stating how they are unreliable and biased:


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
"They prophecise on the bench by the main road, right


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
They got advice; I’m like 'Ayo, if you say so guys'


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
But what do they know, Fox News got 'em lit"


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
The group makes reference to 'Plan C'. A plan devised by the FBI during the Cold War which enforced martial law if a nuclear attack was to occur. Hence "it gets so quiet at night", since the military was able to enforce new laws such as curfews during this period.


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
There is also a reference to "the War of the Worlds" episode in the anthology series "The Mercury Theater on the Air". This radio broadcast features an alien invasion story, which causes mass panic amongst civilians as they are not aware that the broadcast is a work of fiction. This reference is made in Tom Thum's lyrics:


1955 (song), Reference to popular culture
"And across the country, they came in waves. Thousands upon thousands of flying discs descending from the planet Mars."


1955 (song), Music video
The music video was initially released on 7 February 2016 and was produced by Anna Bardsley-Jones and directed by Richard Coburn. It features a cameo from rapper Briggs as "Grill Murray" and is set in a 1950s diner. The video depicts a wholesome environment where everything seems perfect and peaceful and all the people are happy and polite. However, the viewers of the video observe the diner through the eyes of a young girl (Montaigne) and how, beneath the surface, everything is not what it seems to be. This is shown through the various emotional outbursts that occur throughout the video by the patrons of the diner.


1955 (song), Chart performance
In Australia, "1955" debuted at number 25 on the Australia ARIA Singles Chart in the week beginning 21 February 2016. It peaked at number 2 four weeks later in the week beginning 13 March 2016. The track managed to stay on the charts for a total of 28 weeks.


1955 10 Hours of Messina
The 4th 10 Hours of Messina was a sports car race, held on 25 July 1955 in the street circuit of Messina, Italy.


1955 1000 km Buenos Aires
The 1955 1000 km Buenos Aires took place on 23 January, on the Autódromo Municipal-Avenida Paz, (Buenos Aires, Argentina). It was the second running of the race, and once again, it was opening round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. For this event, a longer section of the Autopista General Pablo Riccheri route was added, making the circuit 17.136 km in length.


1955 1000 km Buenos Aires, Report, Entry
A grand total of 55 racing cars were registered for this event, of which all arrived for practice and qualifying. Although this was the first major sports car race of the year, the race was poorly supported by the work of teams. Only Ferrari and Equipe Gordini sent cars from Europe. Both teams were represented by two cars in the race. Ferrari send a Ferrari 376 S for Maurice Trintignant and José Froilán González, and a 750 Monza for Umberto Maglioli and Clemar Bucci. Meanwhile, France was represented by a Gordini T24S in the hands of Élie Bayol and Harry Schell, and a T15 for the Argentine pairing of Adolfo Schwelm Cruz and Pedro J. Llano. The remainders of the field were cars from South America.


1955 1000 km Buenos Aires, Report, Qualifying
The French Grand Prix racer, Trintignant took pole position for Scuderia Ferrari, in their Ferrari 376 S.


1955 1000 km Buenos Aires, Report, Race
The race was held over 58 laps of the 10.648 miles, Autódromo Municipal-Avenida Paz, giving a distance of 617.574 miles (993.888 km). In the race, both factory Ferraris were disqualified, leaving the privately entered Ferrari 375 Plus of Enrique Saenz Valiente and José-Maria Ibanez to win by nearing five minutes. Car number 4, took an impressive victory, winning in a time of 6hrs 35:15.4 mins., averaging a speed of 93.748 mph. In second was another locally prepared Ferrari, of Carlos Najurieta and César Rivero. The podium was complete by Equipo Presidente Peron’s Maserati A6GCS of José M. Faraoni and Ricardo Grandio, who were two laps adrift, but did win their class.


1955 1000 km Buenos Aires, Standings after the race
Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car with no points awarded for positions filled by additional cars. Only the best 4 results out of the 6 races could be retained by each manufacturer. Points earned but not counted towards the championship totals are listed within brackets in the above table.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring
The 1955 Florida International Twelve Hour Grand Prix of Endurance took place on 13 March, on the Sebring International Raceway (Florida, United States). It was the second round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. For the fifth running of the event, the 5.2 mile course had been widened and smoothed with a new asphalt topping laid down. This was for safety and would allow the cars to achieve greater speed, especially in some of the corners.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Entry
A massive total of 124 racing cars were registered for this event, of which 101 arrived for practice, trying to get among the 80 qualifiers for the race. Despite the size of the entry, the event was not supported by the major European teams, although there was one factory entry from England, for Donald Healey Motor Co., driven by Stirling Moss, who piloted an Osca to victory in 1954 with fellow Englishmen, Lance Macklin and two cars from France for Regie Renault Co., who include Robert Manzon amongst their squad. With no factory Ferrari entry to defend their championship lead, they were supported by the private entries of Allen Guiberson and Luigi Chinetti.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Entry
Briggs Cunningham returned after winning in 1954, with five cars from five different manufacturers. One of those cars was a factory-supported Jaguar D-Type for Phil Walters and Mike Hawthorn. Cunningham himself was entered in a new Offenhauser-powered Cunningham C-6R with John Gordon Bennett.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Entry
There were a dozen different countries represented in the field, including the teams from Mexico and Venezuela. The later had Chester "Chet" Flynn leading their effort, while the Mexicans had a two car team with Fred T. Van Beuren and Carlos Braniff leading their charge. The race saw its first Hollywood movie star, as Jackie Cooper was listed to pilot an Austin-Healey 100S.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Entry
Miss Isabelle Haskell was to become the first woman to complete, not only in the 12 Hours of Sebring – but in any American Automobile Association sanctioned race. Although the AAA did not allow ladies drivers, Haskell discovered that there was no such restriction placed on 'foreign races'. By race day, another woman had signed up to drive in the race, Greta Oakes was listed to take the wheel with her husband, Sydney Oakes.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
The race was held over 12 hours on the 5.2 miles Sebring International Raceway. An estimated 20,000 spectators showed on a warm and sunny raceday. With the race starting promptly at 10am, 80 cars scrambled for positions. Meanwhile, six drivers who were unhappy at not being allowed to start, decided to go on the track at the start, they did one or two laps and then got off the track. Statistics show that the Hawthorn/Walter's Jaguar D-Type led all but one of the 182 completed laps, That single lap, a Ferrari 750 Monza of Piero Taruffi and Harry Schell were able take to the front for lap 32.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
As darkness fell on the former Hendricks Army Airfield, the race ended in confusion. At one point, the Ferrari of Phil Hill and Carroll Shelby were declared winners, then it was the D-Type. The Jag was called to the winner's circle, only to run out of fuel during the victory lap. The former Le Mans winner, Luigi Chinetti, the Ferrari representative from New York protested the result, which was counter-protected by the Jaguar owner, Briggs Cunningham. Cunningham insisted that the D-Type had passed the Ferrari.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
The owner of the Ferrari, Allen Guiberson demanded that the D-Type should be disqualified, as it passed the Ferrari under a yellow flag. Cunningham countered the Index of Performance Trophy should not have been handed to Hill/Shelby, when in fact it should have gone to the Osca driven by Bill Lloyd and George Huntoon.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
The AAA contest board called a meeting on 21 March to make a final decision. They inspected the records of Cunningham and Guiberson, and that of race timekeeper, Joe Lane. The AAA declared the Jaguar had won by a margin of ten seconds. Although Cunningham had won the race, his protest was disallowed and Ferrari was ruled the handicap winners under the Index of Performance. This was due to an admission by Ferrari team chief, Nello Ugolini had forgotten to count a lap. As a result, Walters became the first driver to win the Grand Prix of Endurance twice – having co-driven a Cunningham-Chrysler C4-R to victory with John Fitch in the 1953 race.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Report, Race
The winning D-Type covered 182 laps (946.4 miles), averaging a speed of 79.300 mph. The podium was complete by William Spear's Maserati 300S, which he co-drove with Sherwood Johnston albeit two laps adrift. Elsewhere, Cooper managed to finish the race in 41st, Haskell did not. She went out with an apparent engine problem. The Oakes' Austin-Healey also failed to finish, after being involved in an accident.


1955 12 Hours of Sebring, Standings after the race
Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car with no points awarded for positions filled by additional cars. Only the best 4 results out of the 6 races could be retained by each manufacturer. Points earned but not counted towards the championship totals are listed within brackets in the above table.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans
The 1955 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 23rd 24 Hours of Le Mans and took place on 11 and 12 June 1955 on Circuit de la Sarthe. It was also the fourth round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. During the race, Pierre Levegh crashed into a crowd of spectators, killing 84 and injuring 120 in the deadliest accident in motor racing history.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations
The Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) again lifted the replenishment window (just changed the year before) of fuel, oil and water from 30 to 32 laps (just over 430 km), but by the same token, the maximum fuel allowance for all cars was increased to 200 litres for the race.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations
On the track, road improvements continued with the whole back section, from Tertre Rouge around to Maison Blanche resurfaced.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
A total of 87 racing cars were registered for this event, of which 70 arrived for practice, to qualify for the 60 places on the starting grid, and included 15 factory teams.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The battle between Coventry and Maranello of the previous year was joined by Mercedes-Benz, fresh from a triumphant debut in the Mille Miglia with their new 300SLR, along with dark horses Cunningham, Aston Martin and Maserati, all with new 3-litre cars, as well as Talbot, Gordini, Cooper, and Austin-Healey. It led observers to anticipate a great contest.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Title-holders Ferrari arrived with the new 735 LM, powered by a straight-six engine derived from the previous year's Formula 1 car (and stepping away from the usual 12-cylinder Ferrari engines) producing a 360 bhp (270 kW). The works team mixed its current F1 drivers along with new talent: Eugenio Castellotti with Paolo Marzotto, Maurice Trintignant with Harry Schell and Umberto Maglioli drove with Phil Hill. Maglioli and Hill had been Ferrari rivals in the previous Carrera Panamericana. There were also two 3-litre 750 Monzas run by French private entries.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Having conquered Formula 1, Mercedes-Benz had now turned its attention to sports car racing. Their 300SLRs were rated by many experts as the best sports cars in the world. The fuel-injected 3-litre straight-8 was the most advanced of the entire field, producing 300 bhp (220 kW). The inboard drum brakes, however, were only questionably adequate for the heavier chassis, facing the tough braking demands of Le Mans. To compensate, a hand-operated air brake was added to the rear deck for high speed braking.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Team manager Alfred Neubauer, in a remarkably diplomatic move (recalling the war had only ended 10 years earlier), assembled a multi-national team for the race, pairing his two best drivers Juan Manuel Fangio and Stirling Moss in the lead car, 1952 race-winner Karl Kling with Frenchman André Simon (both also in the current F1 team) and American John Fitch with one of the elder statesmen of French motor-racing, Pierre Levegh. (Belgian racing-journalist Paul Frère had originally been approached but signed to drive for Aston Martin, instead.)


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Jaguar arrived with three works D-types. This year's model had engine power increased from 250 to 270 bhp (190 to 200 kW), for a top speed of almost 280 km/h (170 mph). The team consisted of 1953 winners Tony Rolt and Duncan Hamilton; up-and-coming English star Mike Hawthorn (stolen from Ferrari) paired with rookie Ivor Bueb; and Jaguar test driver Norman Dewis sharing the third car with Don Beauman. They were backed up by D-Types entered by Belgium's Ecurie Francorchamps and from American Briggs Cunningham's team.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Cunningham hedged his bets this year – along with the Jaguar he loaned 750 Monzas to French privateer Michel Pobejersky (racing as "Mike Sparken") and American Masten Gregory. He also brought (for the last time, as it happened) a new Cunningham C6-R, giving up on a big V8 Hemi to instead use an Indianapolis-style Offenhauser 3.0L straight-4. He and Sherwood Johnston would race it.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The Maserati team did make it this year – with a pair of their elegant new 3.0L 300Ss, which had already shown promise at Sebring. They were run by the team's regular F1 drivers, one shared by Roberto Mieres and Cesare Perdisa, the other by Luigi Musso and endurance racing veteran Luigi "Gino" Valenzano. Maserati also ran a smaller A6GCS in the S-2000 class.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Louis Rosier's privateer Talbot did not make the start, so the large-engined French challenge this year came from Gordini with a 3-litre T24S for F1 drivers Jean Behra and Élie Bayol. Like Maserati, they also ran a smaller T20S in the S-2000 class.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
There was great interest for British fans, aside from the Jaguar team. In total there were 27 British cars starting, nearly half the field. Aston Martin pared back its effort a bit, to just three DB3S (now with disc brakes and an improved 225 bhp (168 kW) 3-litre engine). They came with a good driver line-up: Peter Collins and Paul Frère, 1951 winner Peter Walker and Roy Salvadori, and rookies Tony Brooks and John Riseley-Prichard. They also persisted with the Lagonda project – the 4.5L V12 being biggest engine in the field. This year Reg Parnell was co-driven by Dennis Poore.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
After boycotting the previous year's race, Austin-Healey returned with a single 100S prototype. Cooper brought two cars – one a Jaguar-engined T38, the other, a T39, with a Climax engine. In the S-2000 class, along with a pair each of Triumph TR2s and Frazer Nash Sebrings, Bristol was back, this time with its 450C open-top variant. To save pit-time, the team also pioneered a multi-barrel spanner to remove and re-apply all the wheelnuts together when changing the wheel. MG returned after 20 years with the EX.182 prototype – a 1.5L forerunner of the upcoming MGA roadster. Colin Chapman, racing with Scotsman Ron Flockhart arrived with his new Lotus 9 sports car – like the other small English firms Kieft, Cooper and Arnott, running the 1100cc Climax engine.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
After a fortuitous class victory in 1954, Porsche arrived in force with a mix of works and (nominally) private entries: four cars in the S-1500 and two in the S-1100 classes. In contrast, after the despair of their 1954 race, OSCA only had a single privateer in the S-1500 class.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The smallest, S-750, class was again dominated by French cars, from Panhard, Monopole, DB (all with Panhard engines), and VP-Renault. Panhard also fielded two bigger, 850cc-engined, cars that had to run in the S-1100 class. However several Italian teams arrived to take on the French with entries from Moretti and Stanguellini. Perhaps the most unusual entry was the tiny catamaran-style Damolnar Bisiluro from Ufficine Nardi – where the driver sat in one boom and the engine and running gear was in the other.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice
As expected, the Ferraris showed themselves to be extremely fast on a single lap, and Castellotti set the fastest official time, easily breaking the lap record and was a second quicker than Fangio in his Mercedes. But there were also a number of serious accidents during practice: Moss was leaving the pits just as the DB-Panhard of Claude Storez came in, the small car hit Jean Behra. While both cars were able to start the race, Behra had face and leg injuries that forced him out, to be replaced by reserve driver Robert Manzon.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice
Coming into Maison Blanche,  Behra's erstwhile teammate Élie Bayol in the new Gordini T24S came upon two spectators crossing the track. He swerved and rolled the car and was taken to hospital with a fractured skull and broken vertebrae; Peter Taylor was also severely injured when he crashed the new Arnott. Levegh came in after a close brush with a Gordini, commenting "We have to get some sort of signal system working. Our cars go too fast". Neubauer tried, unsuccessfully, to persuade the ACO to allow him to erect a small signalling tower at the top of pit-line for his team.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice
As a comparison, some of the lap-times recorded during practice were:


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice
Over the flying kilometre on the Mulsanne straight, the following top speeds in practice and the race were recorded:


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
This year the honorary starter was Conte Aymo Maggi, the President and organiser of the Mille Miglia. Giovanni Moretti's two cars arrived on the start grid a few minutes after the 2pm deadline and were excluded from starting. It was Castellotti, by dint of being near the front of the grid formation, who was first under the Dunlop Bridge and leading the first lap, followed by Hawthorn in the Jaguar. Fangio's start was delayed when his trouser leg snagged on the gear shift lever, but he worked his way up the field to join Hawthorn and Castellotti.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
The crowd's expectations of a showdown between the three top marques were soon fulfilled as, by lap 4, the three manufacturers’ works cars filled the top 8 places – excepting Trintignant's Ferrari in the pits with an early issue. One of the first casualties was on lap 5 as the leaders started lapping the backmarkers – the tiny Nardi was literally blown off the road into a ditch by the slipstream of the bigger cars. The pace was furious but Castellotti managed to keep Hawthorn and Fangio at bay for the first hour. Behind them was Maglioli's Ferrari, the American Jaguar, the other pair of works Mercedes-Benz's and Jaguars and in 10th Mieres in the Maserati.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
Finally, after 70 minutes, it was Castellotti's mistake braking for the Mulsanne corner that let the Jaguar and Mercedes through. Those two then set about pushing harder still, dropping the Ferrari and successively beating the lap record – broken ten times in the first two hours and finally claimed by Hawthorn on lap 28 – setting it over 7 seconds faster than the Ferrari's practice lap.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
At 6.20pm, at the end of lap 35 when the first pit-stops were due, the 1955 Le Mans disaster occurred. Having got the order from his Jaguar crew to pit, Hawthorn braked sharply in front of Lance Macklin's Austin-Healey. Macklin then braked hard, getting off the right-hand edge of the track and throwing up dust. Macklin's car then veered back to the centre of the track, into the path of Levegh's Mercedes-Benz, which was running 6th having just gone a lap down. Travelling at 150 mph, Levegh's right-front wheel rode up onto the left rear corner of Macklin's, launching the car into the air and rolling end over end for 80 metres over spectators.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
The car slammed into a four-foot earthen embankment – the only barrier between the spectators and the track - and disintegrated. The momentum of the heaviest components of the car – the engine, radiator and front suspension - carried them into the crowd for almost 100 metres. Those who had climbed onto ladders and scaffolding to get a better view of the track found themselves in the direct path of the lethal debris. The remainder of the car, on the earth bank, exploded into flames, burning with extra heat from its magnesium-alloy body. Levegh was killed instantly in the impact.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
Race officials kept the race running, reasoning that if the huge crowd tried to leave en masse it would clog the roads, severely restricting access for medical and emergency crews trying to save the injured. Hawthorn, after being initially waved through his stop because of the confusion and potential danger, stopped along with the other lead cars for their scheduled pit stops and driver changes. Then thirteen minutes later, the MG of Dick Jacobs lost control exiting Maison Blanche, rolled and landed upside-down, burning. Jacobs survived the accident, but was severely injured and never raced again.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
Phil Hill, now driving Maglioli's Ferrari noted "At this point I was numbed by it all, shocked that all this could be happening at once and on my first-ever Ferrari racing lap of Le Mans. But then Stirling Moss went by me like a streak in his Mercedes 300 SLR, and that woke me up. That was a lesson I never forgot, which was that when something happens, get on the gas."


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
His teammates, Castellotti and Marzotto, were the first of the leaders to falter: a slipping clutch eventually led to engine failure just before 8pm. Maglioli and Hill took up their third place until they too were stopped about 11pm when a rock pierced their radiator.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
With the driver changes from Hawthorn to Bueb and Fangio to Moss, the Jaguar team's talent was outmatched and the Mercedes team was able to extend its lead. At midnight, the Mercedes of Fangio/Moss was leading Hawthorn/Bueb by two laps, themselves two laps ahead of the Kling/Simon Mercedes and the other two works Jaguars all scrapping between themselves. Further back were Musso's Maserati, Collins’ Aston Martin, the Belgian Jaguar and the remaining big Ferrari fighting its way up from the back of the field.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
The race remained competitive, however with Hawthorn behind the wheel, as the lead was whittled down to 1½ laps by 2am. The other Mercedes still trailed the Hawthorn/Bueb car by two laps. Race spotters' reports on the Mercedes' braking points led the Jaguar team to believe that their brakes were weakening.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
After the catastrophic accident, John Fitch, picking up on the early media reports, had urged the Mercedes team to withdraw from the race – he could see that win or lose, it would be a PR disaster for the company. Mercedes team manager Alfred Neubauer had already reached the same conclusion but did not have the authority to make such a decision. After an emergency meeting of the company directors in Stuttgart, Neubauer finally got the call approving the team's withdrawal just before midnight.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
Waiting until 1.45am, when many spectators had left, he stepped onto the track and quietly called his cars into the pits, at the time running 1st and 3rd. The public address made a brief announcement regarding their retirement. Chief engineer Rudolf Uhlenhaut went to the Jaguar pits to ask if the Jaguar team would respond in kind, out of respect for the accident's victims. Jaguar team manager Lofty England declined.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
Meanwhile, Don Beauman had planted his works Jaguar in the sandtrap at Arnage. Having taken over an hour to dig it out, he had just got it free after 10 pm when Colin Chapman came off at Arnage and smacked the Jaguar. Chapman quickly reversed and got going again only to be disqualified because he had restarted without the marshal's permission


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
The Aston Martins had been running to a strict lap-time set by team manager John Wyer, but keeping just in the top-10. Either side of midnight two of them were sidelined by mechanical issues. They followed their sister-Lagonda that had run out of fuel from a loose-fitting filler-cap.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
Soon after the Mercedes-Benz team withdrawal, the last Ferrari (that of Trintignant / Schell) retired with engine trouble, having fought back up to 10th position. With no further challenge from Mercedes-Benz or Ferrari, Jaguar were holding a comfortable 1–2, although Rolt and Hamilton were having problems with their gearbox.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
In the 2-litre category, the Maserati and Gordini had been battling each other, well ahead of the British cars and just outside the top-10. The Gordini was delayed by a defective battery, but the Maserati then retired just after midnight with ignition failure. Even at this stage though, the two works 1500cc Porsches were ahead of these bigger cars. Further back, third in class, was the Belgian-entered Porsche (giving a first Le Mans drive to future endurance great Olivier Gendebien)


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
Dawn broke under a heavy, overcast sky and by 6am it had started to rain. Soon after, the class-leading Gordini pitted with a holed-radiator just two laps before its replenishment window. Trying to inch its way round the circuit it over-heated and had to retire. The S-2000 class fell into the lap of the Bristols. Around 8am, the second Jaguar's gearbox finally seized and they were out. With gloomy weather and little enthusiasm now for the race, the running order saw few changes.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
Second place remained in contention until late morning as the Valenzano/Musso Maserati, five laps down from the leader, was pushing hard and being chased by the Collins/Frère Aston Martin until the Maserati retired with a seized transmission. About the same time the Cunningham also retired: never in the running, lapping in 13th behind the smaller Porsches and Bristols, it had lost its lower gears the night before.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
A special mass was held in the morning in the Le Mans Cathedral for the first funerals of the accident victims.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish
The race finished in drizzle. Bueb, in his first event for the Coventry marque, handed over the leading Jaguar to Hawthorn for the final 15 minutes, and they coasted to a comfortable victory, completing a record-breaking 306 laps and finishing five laps ahead of the Aston Martin (achieving their best result to date, and only finish since 1951). The podium was completed by the Belgian pair of Johnny Claes and Jacques Swaters, in their yellow Ecurie Francorchamps Jaguar D-Type. Although 11 laps (nearly 150 km) behind the winners, they were again a model of reliability.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish
Porsche had its best finish yet with the trio of 1.5 litre Porsche 550 Spyders finishing fourth, fifth and sixth with Helmut Polensky and Richard von Frankenberg winning the S-1500 class, the Index of Performance, as well as the Biennial Cup. The Belgian Porsche had moved up the order late in the race to split the two works cars. Additionally the privateer Porsche comprehensively won the S-1100 class finishing nearly 40 laps ahead of the unclassified Cooper. The three-car Bristol team finished seventh, eighth and ninth, in formation for a consecutive year at the top of two-litre class.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish
Managing director Sir George White donated the team's winnings to a charity for the disaster's victims. After their debacle of the previous year's race, the only Italian car to finish this year was the 1.5L OSCA. Two of the DB-Panhards were the only French cars to finish in the normally reliable small-car classes. For the first time none of the Cunningham team cars finished.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish
Despite the disaster and poor weather, there were a number of new records set: Both first and second beat the old distance record – and five new class records were set. In fact, the two leading 1.5L Porsches both went further than the overall distance covered by the 1952-winning Mercedes-Benz. The opening hours had also seen the lap record broken by a significant margin.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Post-race and aftermath
The catastrophic crash, which came to be known as the 1955 Le Mans disaster, remains the deadliest accident in the history of motorsport. The actual death toll is uncertain, put at from 80 to 84, including Levegh, with many more than that number severely injured. Spurring mentions that the official report cites "Levegh" and 80 spectators were killed and 178 were injured.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Post-race and aftermath
The next round of the World Sports Car Championship at the Nürburgring was cancelled, as was the Carrera Panamericana. The accident caused widespread shock and immediate bans on auto racing in many countries. A number of racing teams including Mercedes-Benz, MG and Bristol had disbanded and withdrawn from racing by the end of the season. The scale of the accident caused some drivers present, including Phil Walters (who had been offered a drive with Ferrari for the rest of the season), Sherwood Johnston, and John Fitch (after completing the season with Mercedes-Benz), to retire from racing.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Post-race and aftermath
Fitch was coaxed out of retirement by his friend Briggs Cunningham to help the Chevrolet Corvette effort at Le Mans in 1960 and later worked to develop traffic safety devices including the sand-filled "Fitch barrels". Less than three months later, Lance Macklin decided to retire after being involved in a twin fatality accident during the 1955 RAC Tourist Trophy race at Dundrod Circuit. Juan-Manuel Fangio never raced at Le Mans again.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Post-race and aftermath
Although Hawthorn was relieved to have gotten his first Le Mans victory, he was devastated by the tragedy. A press photo showed him smiling on the podium swigging from the victor's bottle of champagne, and the French press ran it with the sarcastic headline "Here's to You, Mr Hawthorn".


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Post-race and aftermath
The official enquiry concluded that no one driver was to blame and that it was instead a tragic combination of circumstances that had caused the accident, including serious deficiencies in the track design and safety.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Post-race and aftermath
A few days after the race, a full ban on motor racing events was put into effect by the French government, pending the creation of new rules to ensure the safety of the sport. This complete ban was lifted on September 14, 1955. At this time, the Ministry of the Interior released new regulations for racing events, and codified the approval process that future racing events would need to follow.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Post-race and aftermath
On the same day, the ACO announced their intent to hold the Le Mans race in 1956, and to make modifications to the Circuit de la Sarthe as necessary to adhere to the Ministry's new regulations. Before the 1956 event, the grandstands and pits were demolished, as well as straightening and widening the track at and approaching the pits, and realigning Dunlop Curve. They increased the separation between the road and the spectators including a wide ditch, and revised other hazardous stretches of the track. Track safety technology and practices evolved slowly until Formula 1 driver Jackie Stewart organized a concerted campaign to advocate for better safety measures 10 years later. Stewart's campaign gained momentum after the deaths of Lorenzo Bandini and Jim Clark.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Official results
Results taken from Quentin Spurring's book, officially licensed by the ACO. Class Winners are in bold text.


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, Statistics
Taken from Quentin Spurring's book, officially licensed by the ACO


1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, World Championship standings after the race
Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car, with no points awarded for positions filled by additional cars.


1955 A Group
Statistics of Bulgarian A Football Group in the 1955 season.


1955 A Group, Overview
It was contested by 14 teams, and CSKA Sofia won the championship.


1955 AAA Championship Car season
The 1955 AAA Championship Car season consisted of 11 races, beginning in Speedway, Indiana on May 30 and concluding in Phoenix, Arizona on November 6. There was also one non-championship event in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania. The AAA National Champion and Indianapolis 500 winner was Bob Sweikert. Manny Ayulo was killed at Indianapolis while practicing for the 1955 Indianapolis 500, and Bill Vukovich, the two-time defending winner, was killed in the race itself. Jack McGrath, the two-time champion (1952, 1953), was killed in the final race at Phoenix on lap 85. This was the last year of the AAA National Championship; USAC sanctioned the series starting the next year.


1955 AAA Championship Car season, Final points standings
Note: The points became the car, when not only one driver led the car, the relieved driver became small part of the points. Points for driver method: (the points for the finish place) / (number the lap when completed the car) * (number the lap when completed the driver)


1955 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1955 Atlantic Coast Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, at Reynolds Coliseum from March 3–5, 1955. NC State defeated Duke, 87–77, to win the championship. Ronnie Shavlik of NC State was named tournament MVP.


1955 Aden Legislative Council election
Elections to the Legislative Council were held for the first time in the Colony of Aden in 1955. However, only four of the Council's 18 seats were elected. Restrictions on suffrage were imposed linked to age, gender, property ownership and residency. With only around 5,000 people voting, the restrictions ensured that only loyalists to the government were elected. Following the elections there were protests over the suffrage limitations and calling for independence.


1955 Aden Legislative Council election, Background
The changes to the Colony's constitution were announced on 20 July 1955. Membership of the Council was increased from 16 to 18, with one official and one unofficial member added. The number of nominees was reduced from eight to five, one of whom would be chosen by the Governor to represent the business sector.


1955 Aden Legislative Council election, Background
Of the elected members, one was to be elected by members of Aden Municipal Council and three from single-member constituencies.


1955 Air Force Falcons football team
The 1955 Air Force Falcons football team represented the United States Air Force Academy in the 1955 college football season. The Falcons did not have an official stadium during the season, and remained without one until the 1962 season when Falcon Stadium opened. They were led by first-year head coach Robert V. Whitlow and played the first season for the Air Force falcons football program. The Falcons were independent, and played only freshmen teams of other schools. Air Force finished with a record of 4–4.


1955 Air Force Falcons football team, Schedule
The Falcons played Denver, Colorado State, Colorado, Kansas, Utah, Wyoming, New Mexico and Oklahoma's freshmen teams and finished with a record of 4–4 as an independent.


1955 Akron Zips football team
The 1955 Akron Zips football team was an American football team that represented the University of Akron in the Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) during the 1955 college football season. In its second season under head coach Joe McMullen, the team compiled a 6–2 record (6-2 against OAC opponents) and outscored opponents by a total of 245 to 73. Mario Russo was the team captain. The team played its home games at the Rubber Bowl in Akron, Ohio.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
The 1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously "Alabama", "UA" or "Bama") represented the University of Alabama in the 1955 college football season. It was the Crimson Tide's 61st overall and 22nd season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The team was led by head coach Jennings B. Whitworth, in his first year, and played their home games at Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Legion Field in Birmingham and at Ladd Stadium in Mobile, Alabama. They finished winless with a record of zero wins and ten losses (0–10 overall, 0–7 in the SEC).


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
On December 2, 1954, Harold Drew resigned as head coach of the Crimson Tide, and Jennings B. Whitworth was introduced as his successor. Whitworth brought a new system that was more oriented towards the running game. As a result, senior quarterback Bart Starr and the other Tide seniors saw little playing time. Whitworth, for his part, was only allowed to hire two assistants and required to retain the rest of Coach Drew's staff.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
Alabama football hit rock bottom in 1955, going 0–10, the worst season in school history. It was only the third winless season in the history of the Crimson Tide, the others being the 0–4 teams in 1893 and 1895 when the program was just starting. For the season, Alabama only averaged 4.8 points per game and the opposition averaged 25.6. The Tide was shut out four times, the opposition never scored fewer than 20 points, and the smallest margin of defeat was 15 points in a 21–6 loss to Vanderbilt.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Rice
To open the 1955 season, the Crimson Tide traveled to Houston and were shutout 20–0 by the Rice Owls of the Southwest Conference. After being held scoreless for the first three quarters, the Owls scored all three of their touchdowns in the fourth quarter. King Hill scored first on a one-yard run, a 45-yard Page Rogers run and on a two-yard Hill run. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Rice to 0–2.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Vanderbilt
At Dudley Field, the Crimson Tide were defeated by the Vanderbilt Commodores 21–6 to open conference play. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Vanderbilt to 18–15–1.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, TCU
In their home opener for the 1955 season, the Crimson Tide were shutout by the Texas Christian University (TCU) Horned Frogs 21–0 at Denny Stadium in what was the first all-time meeting between the schools. After a scoreless first half, Jim Swink scored all three of the Frogs' touchdowns in the second half. The scores came on runs of 65 and three-yards in the third and on a 10-yard run in the fourth quarter.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Tennessee
In their annual rivalry game against Tennessee, Alabama was shut out for the third time in four weeks, and lost to the Volunteers, 20–0, at Legion Field. After a scoreless first quarter, the Vols took a 7–0 halftime lead after Johnny Majors threw a nine-yard touchdown pass to Roger Urbano on a fourth-down play early in the second quarter. A pair of touchdown runs in the fourth quarter, by Majors from two yards out and by Lon Herzbrun from one yard out, made the final score 20–0 in favor of the visitors. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Tennessee to 18–14–5.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Mississippi State
On homecoming in Tuscaloosa, the Crimson Tide were defeated for the second consecutive year by the Mississippi State Maroons 26–7 at Denny Stadium. The first State touchdown was set up after the Maroons recovered a fumble at their 37-yard line. Bill Stanton scored on a one-yard run five plays later to give State a 6–0 lead. In the second quarter, William Morgan scored on a nine-yard run for the Maroons, but Alabama answered with a one-yard Clay Walls touchdown run to make the halftime score 13–7. State then pulled away in the second half to win 26–7 after 14-yard Morgan  run in the third and on a 27-yard Stanton pass to Morgan in the fourth. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Mississippi State to 28–9–3.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Georgia
At Athens, the Crimson Tide lost to the Georgia Bulldogs 35–14 on homecoming at Sanford Stadium. The Bulldogs took a 14–0 halftime lead after James Harper threw a 25-yard touchdown pass to Laneair Roberts in the first and on a one-yard Robert Garrard run in the second quarter. The Tide then scored the first touchdown of the second half on a six-yard Donald Kinderknecht run to cut the Georgia lead to 14–7. However, the Bulldogs responded with a three-yard Henry Dukes run to make the score 21–7 at the start of the fourth. In the final quarter, Conrad Manisera scored on a four-yard run and on a one-yard John Bell run for Georgia and on a one-yard Bart Starr run for Alabama. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Georgia to 21–16–4.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Tulane
Playing their annual home game at Ladd Stadium, the Crimson Tide lost 27–7 to the Tulane Green Wave in Mobile. The game was tied 7–7 at halftime after Tulane scored on a 12-yard Al Cottrell run in the first and Alabama scored on a short Billy Lumpkin run in the second quarter. After a one-yard Ronald Quillian run in the third to give Tulane a 14–7 lead, the Green Wave closed the game with a pair of fourth-quarter touchdowns o win 27–7. The fourth quarter scored were made by Quillian on a five-yard run and by Cottrell on a 17-yard interception return. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Tulane to 16–8–2.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
Against Georgia Tech, Alabama lost their eleventh consecutive game in this 26–2 defeat by the Yellow Jackets at Legion Field. Tech took a 12–0 first quarter lead after they scored a pair of touchdowns in a 19-second span. The first came on a five-yard Richard Mattison run and the second on a 28-yard Kenny Thompson interception return. The Yellow Jackets' third score was set up early in the second quarter after Thomas Rose blocked an Alabama punt at the Tide's 12-yard line. Two plays later, Tech took a 19–0 lead after Paul Rotenberry scored on a five-yard run.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
After a scoreless third, in the fourth quarter Tech scored their final touchdown on a 34-yard Ronald Vann pass to Marion Ellis and Alabama got their only points on a safety in the final minute to make the score 26–2. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Georgia Tech to 18–16–3.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Miami (FL)
On a Friday evening in Miami for the second consecutive year, Alabama was defeated by the Miami Hurricanes 34–12 at Burdine Stadium. The Hurricanes took a 14–0 first quarter lead on touchdowns scored by Don Bosseler on a four-yard run and by Whitey Rouviere on a 25-yard run. The Crimson Tide responded in the second quarter with a Donald Kinderknecht touchdown run to make the halftime score 14–6. Bosseler then gave Miami a 27–6 lead in the third quarter with his touchdown runs of two and 14-yards. In the fourth quarter, Bart Starr threw a seven-yard touchdown pass to Roy Forbus for Alabama and Ed Oliver scored on a four-yard touchdown run for Miami to make the final score 34–12. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Miami to 3–2.


1955 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Auburn
For the second consecutive year, Alabama was shutout by the rival Auburn Tigers 26–0 at Legion Field and finished the season winless. After a scoreless first quarter, the Tigers took a 13–0 halftime lead with second quarter passes of 23 and 10-yards from Howell Tubbs to Jerry Elliott. Auburn then closed the game with a pair of fourth-quarter touchdowns on pair of short runs by Joe Childress and Tubbs to win 26–0. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Auburn to 9–10–1.


1955 Albanian National Championship
The 1955 Albanian National Championship was the eighteenth season of the Albanian National Championship, the top professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1930.


1955 Albanian National Championship, Overview
It was contested by 16 teams, and Dinamo Tirana won the championship.


1955 Alberta general election
The 1955 Alberta general election was held on June 29, 1955, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.


1955 Alberta general election
Despite losing almost 10% of the popular vote (compared to its 1952 proportion of the vote) and 30% of its seats in the legislature, the Social Credit Party, led by Ernest C. Manning, received a slightly higher number of votes than in 1952 and won a comfortable majority for its sixth term in government.


1955 Alberta general election
The Liberal Party emerged as the principal opposition to the Social Credit juggernaut, winning over 30% of the popular vote, and increasing its legislative caucus from 4 members to 15. The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation won two seats. However its leader, MLA Elmer Roper, was defeated, ending his thirteen-year career in the legislature. Three Conservative Party candidates and various independents also won seats.


1955 Alberta general election
This provincial election, like the previous seven, saw district-level proportional representation (Single transferable voting) used to elect the MLAs of Edmonton and Calgary. City-wide districts were used to elect multiple MLAs in the cities. All the other MLAs were elected in single-member districts through Instant-runoff voting. This was the last provincial election to use PR. After this the electoral system was changed to Plurality voting.


1955 Alberta general election
The rise in opposition MLAs was only partially created in the cities where single transferable voting was in use. Only one more opposition MLA was elected in the cities versus the number elected there in 1952. Calgary elected two Liberals in 1955 versus one in 1952. The addition of seven Liberal MLAs was produced by the rise in Liberal Party popularity. This was a sign of dis-satisfaction with the SC government which by that point in time had been in power 20 years.


1955 Alberta general election
A portion of the increased opposition caucus were four Liberal MLAs who were elected in rural districts through vote transfers conducted under instant-runoff voting despite the Social Credit candidate in each of the districts being the leader in the First Count. The election of these four caused the government to abandon the STV/AV system that had been in use since 1924. After the system's replacement by single-member Plurality voting and various other reforms put into effect by Premier Manning, the SC government would take many more seats in subsequent elections.


1955 Alberta general election, Snap vote
The 1955 election was brought on after Liberal leader James Harper Prowse questioned the confidence of the government in question period regarding members of the Social Credit caucus who had had dealings with the Alberta Treasury Branch. Manning was angered by the question and had the Lieutenant Governor dissolve the assembly despite having two more years left in his term.


1955 Alberta general election, Expulsion
On the last day of the campaign Ernest Manning barred candidates Roy Lee and John Landeryou from running as official Social Credit candidates. However, due to the ballots having already been printed, the two men were still listed under the Social Credit name. Lee and Landeryou had violated the Legislative Assembly Act by renting a building to the provincial government.


1955 Alberta general election, End of STV and AV
Following this election, the Social Credit government did away with the Alternative Vote Instant-runoff voting system, that had been in place in the rural constituencies, and the PR  through Single Transferable Vote system in Edmonton and Calgary, both of which had been in place since 1924. The move was made to standardize and simplify voting results across the province. Under single transferable vote, results would take up to five days to count all the possible vote transfers, before anyone was declared elected. This was especially problematic, in Edmonton that elected seven members.