1954 Prayag Kumbh Mela stampede, Reasons and aftermath
After the event, Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru suggested that politicians and VIPs should refrain from visiting the Mela, who were all but exonerated along with the government of any wrongdoing after an inquiry. Not a single rupee of compensation was paid to the victims' families. The judicial inquiry commission, set up after what was one of the worst stampedes in India's history, was headed by Justice Kamala Kant Verma, and its recommendations became the basis for better management of future events in the coming decades.


1954 Prayag Kumbh Mela stampede, Reasons and aftermath
This tragedy has stood as a grim reminder to Mela planners and district administrators as crowds have progressively increased, so much so that 80–100 million people took part in the 2010 Kumbh Mela, making it the largest gathering anywhere in the world. Among the other Kumbh Mela stampedes, the most notable have been in the years 1840, 1906, 1954, 1986, 2003 (39 deaths), 2010 (7 deaths) and in 2013 (36 deaths).


1954 Prestwick air disaster
The 1954 Prestwick air disaster occurred in the early morning of Christmas Day, 1954. A British Overseas Airways Corporation Boeing 377 Stratocruiser crashed on landing at Prestwick Airport, Scotland; 28 of the 36 on board were killed.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Accident
The Stratocruiser was on a flight from Heathrow Airport, England to New York, United States with scheduled stop-overs at Manchester Airport, in Northern England and Prestwick Airport in Scotland. Due to the bad weather it was decided to fly directly to Prestwick and the flight was delayed while it waited for a Manchester passenger to be brought to London.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Accident
The aircraft originally scheduled to operate the flight left Heathrow at 21:43 GMT but it returned to London at 22:53 with a mechanical problem, the passengers and crew were moved to another aircraft (Cathay) which left for Prestwick at 01:05 on 25 December. Only four of twenty-five passengers were booked onward to New York; the rest were to leave the flight at Prestwick. The eleven crew members were also due to be relieved at Prestwick and be replaced with a new crew.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Accident
It was 03:30 in driving rain when Cathay was about to land at Prestwick; it landed short of the runway forcing the port landing gear into the wing causing the aircraft to overturn and burst into flames.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Diamonds
Among the 250 bags of mail cargo was a £900,000 consignment of diamonds for a New York address, a police guard was placed on the crash site and diamonds were still being found at scene a week later. On 5 January it was reported that only 300 diamonds had been found and further searches were to be carried out which included digging up the soil around the crash site. Out of the 40 parcels of diamonds only 90% were recovered.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Aircraft
RMA Cathay was a four-engined Boeing 377-10-28 Stratocruiser airliner, registered G-ALSA. It had been delivered new to BOAC on 12 October 1949. The aircraft was depicted, very briefly, at the beginning of the 1951 film Home to Danger.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Passengers and crew
Twenty-eight people died including ten women and two children. One of the men killed was the cricketer Kenneth Davidson. Of the eight survivors, seven were members of the flight crew who were thrown from the wreckage as it broke apart.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Investigation and inquiry
It was announced on 3 January 1955 by the Minister of Transport that a public enquiry would be held into the accident.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Investigation and inquiry
The public inquiry opened at Ayr on 28 March 1955 with questions about the operation of the air brake switch and any possible effect a failure may have caused. On the second day evidence was taken from air traffic controllers who agreed that the aircraft had descended on the runway more rapidly than usual, the inquiry also heard from a pilot of an aircraft that landed before the Stratocruiser about the condition of the airfield and approach lighting.


1954 Prestwick air disaster, Investigation and inquiry
The inquiry reported on 20 July that the accident was caused by an error of judgement by the pilot and contributed to by the First Officer not turning on the landing lights. It concluded that the accident was not caused or contributed to by any wrongful act or party and/or mechanical defect in the plane.


1954 Primera División de Chile
The 1954 Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol Profesional was first tier's 22nd season which Universidad Católica reached its second professional title. Highlighting, this was the first Primera División tournament with relegation system.


1954 Primera División de Chile, Format
The regular phase's first eight teams qualify to the Championship playoffs where they played seven games which were added to his first stage (regular phase) points, whilst the rest of the teams (from the 9th position to 14th position) disputed the relegation playoffs (five games with the same criteria) to determine the only one relegated team.


1954 Princeton Tigers football team
The 1954 Princeton Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Princeton University during the 1954 college football season. In their tenth year under head coach Charlie Caldwell, the Tigers compiled a 5–3–1 record and outscored opponents 182 to 124. Jack Henn was the team captain.


1954 Princeton Tigers football team
Princeton played its home games at Palmer Stadium on the university campus in Princeton, New Jersey.


1954 Pro Bowl
The 1954 Pro Bowl was the National Football League's (NFL) fourth annual all-star game which featured the league's outstanding performers from the 1953 season. The game was played on January 17, 1954, at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California in front of 44,214 fans. The East squad defeated the West by a score of 20–9.


1954 Pro Bowl
The West team was led by the Detroit Lions' Buddy Parker while Paul Brown of the Cleveland Browns coached the East squad. Philadelphia Eagles linebacker Chuck Bednarik was named the game's outstanding player.


1954 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1954 Purdue Boilermakers football team was an American football team that represented Purdue University during the 1954 Big Ten Conference football season. In their eighth season under head coach Stu Holcomb, the Boilermakers compiled a 5–3–1 record, finished in approximately sixth place in the Big Ten Conference with a 3–3 record against conference opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of about 165 to 134.


1954 Purdue Boilermakers football team
Notable players on the 1954 Purdue team included quarterback Len Dawson, guard Tom Bettis, and end John Kerr.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy
The 1954 RAC Tourist Trophy was a motor race for Sports Cars which took place on 11 September 1954 on the roads around Dundrod, (County Antrim, Northern Ireland). It was the 21st RAC Tourist Trophy and the fifth race of the 1954 World Sportscar Championship. The Tourist Trophy was awarded to handicap winners Paul Armagnac and Gérard Laureau driving a D.B. HBR Panhard however the overall race win for championship points was attained by Mike Hawthorn and Maurice Trintignant driving a Ferrari 750 Monza.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy
Going into the race, Ferrari was leading the World Sportscar Championship by eight points from Lancia. Victory by the Italian marque gave it the title for the second season running.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy, Report, Entry
A grand total of 56 racing cars were registered for this event, of which  52 arrived for practice and qualifying. Unlike 1953, many of the top European teams travelled to Northern Ireland from mainland Europe. Scuderia Ferrari, who could win the World Championship on the streets of County Antrim, entered two Ferrari 750 Monzas for the Le Mans winners José Froilán González and Maurice Trintignant, back-up by Mike Hawthorn and Umberto Maglioli. Hoping the keep the championship alive, Scuderia Lancia sent two of their D24s and two D25s (re-bodied D24s) over.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy, Report, Entry
Amongst their line-up was Juan Manuel Fangio and Alberto Ascari. From England, the two work teams of Jaguar Cars Ltd. and Aston Martin. The team from Coventry arrived with three cars, Jaguar D-Types for the all British pairings of Tony Rolt/Duncan Hamilton; Stirling Moss/Peter Walker and Peter Whitehead/Ken Wharton. David Brown also brought along three of his team’s DB3S, with Reg Parnell pairing up alongside Roy Salvadori. Graham Whitehead/Dennis Poore and winners of last year’s RAC Tourist Trophy, Peter Collins/Pat Griffith made up the crew of the other two Astons. Also from England came works entries from  Automobiles Frazer Nash, Lotus Engineering, HWM  and Kieft Cars. There were joined manufactures teams from Maserati, Osca and Deutsch et Bonnet.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy, Report, Race
Following an accident in practice, the Ferrari 750 Monza of González, did not start and Trintignant was transferred into the remaining car of Hawthorn. This resulted in Maglioli also missing out.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy, Report, Race
Although World Championship points were awarded based on scratch positions, the race itself was run as a handicap race, so the distance each car needed to complete depended on engine capacity. The race was scheduled for 94 laps, however no car started from scratch, the largest engined vehicles being the Lancias with a handicap of 4 laps and 5 minutes, 11.7 seconds. The race would end after the first car completed 94 handicap laps.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy, Report, Race
The race was held in drying conditions, but rain returned during the race. Despite this, the Italian teams would finish in the first three places. Car number 15 (Scuderia Ferrari), driven by Mike Hawthorn and Maurice Trintignant took an impressive victory, winning in a time of 7hrs 14:13 mins., averaging a speed of 90.703 mph. Second place went to the  Lancia of Piero Taruffi and Juan Manuel Fangio their D24, just 2:16 minutes behind. The podium was completed by another Lancia, that of Robert Manzon and Eugenio Castellotti, two laps adrift. Meanwhile, the HWM Jaguar 108 of George Abecassis and Jim Mayers were the best of the English entrants, finishing in fourth place, with the best of the works-Jaguars further behind in sixth.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy, Report, Race
This year’s Tourist Trophy could come up with a sport historical particularity. Similar to the 24 Hours of Le Mans, the handicap index rating was extended in the TT. In this rating, power and engine capacity of the vehicle in relation to the weight were set. This led to a handicap for large-displacement vehicles. This index score was extended parallel to the overall rating. Although the overall standings was used for the World Sportscar Championship, the index score was used to the decide the outcome of the Tourist Trophy. Thus this was won by the small D.B. HBR Panhard by Paul Armagnac and Gérard Laureau , who finished only 21st place in the overall standings.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy, Report, Race
Having won the scratch race, Ferrari gained the necessary points advance over Lancia to take the World Championship for Manufacturers title for the second season in a row, with one round remaining in Mexico. Should Ferrari win the 1954 Carrera Panamericana, they would have the maximum score available due to have the points are awarded, as only the best 4 results out of the 7 races could be retained by each manufacturer.


1954 RAC Tourist Trophy, Standings after the race
Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car with no points awarded for positions filled by additional cars. Only the best four results out of the six races could be retained by each manufacturer.


1954 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1954 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 28th series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Three matches were played between 21 February 1954 and 17 March 1954 to decide the title. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster.


1954 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
On 17 March 1954, Leinster won the Railway Cup after a 0-09 to 0-05 defeat of Leinster in the final at Croke Park, Dublin. It was their sixth Railway Cup title overall and their first title since 1941. The final, which had a record attendance of 49,023, was the first which failed to produce a goal from either team.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes
In 1954, the state of Nevada was struck by a series of earthquakes that began with three M 6.0+ events in July and August that preceded the M 7.3 mainshock and M 6.9 aftershock, both on December 12. All five earthquakes remain some of the largest in the state, and the largest since the Cedar Mountain earthquake (M 7.2) of 1932 and Pleasant Valley event (M 6.8) in 1915. The earthquake was felt throughout much of the western United States.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Geology
The state of Nevada sits within a geologic province known as the Basin and Range. The Basin and Range Province is bounded by the Colorado Plateau, Wasatch Fault, Rio Grande Rift and Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. This region in the North American continent is rifting apart in a northwest–southeast direction. Extension of the crust has resulted in a basin and range topography, dominated by dip-slip (normal) faults accommodating extension. Fault block tilting has created many mountain range no more than 16 km wide and 130 km long. In eastern Nevada, along the border with California, faulting mechanism is dominantly strike-slip in a shear zone known as Walker Lane. These faults also causes earthquakes to rattle the state, making Nevada the third most seismically active state in the USA, behind Alaska and California.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Earthquake sequence, Rainbow Mountain earthquakes
The first earthquake that would be followed-up by numerous large shocks occurred on July 6. The event had a magnitude of 6.8 and its focal mechanism was oblique-slip along the Rainbow Mountain Fault. An aftershock of Mw 6.2 came just eleven hours after the M 6.8. It was situated at Salt Wells Marsh, next to the Austin Highway. The shock had a maximum intensity of IX to XII on the Mercalli intensity scale.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Earthquake sequence, Stillwater earthquake
On August 24, an Mw 6.6 earthquake with similar mechanism struck north at the Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge. Surface rupture was measured for 33.1 km. The maximum intensities for this earthquakes was IX (Violent). It damaged dams and irrigation facilities around Lovelock.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Earthquake sequence, Fairview earthquake
On December 16, the largest earthquake in the sequence, the Mw 7.3 earthquake was triggered by oblique-slip displacement along the  Fairview Peak, West Gate and Gold King Faults for a total length of 64.4 km. Fault scarps of 7 meters in height were seen for 102 meters in the valley. Shaking intensity from this earthquake reached X to XII (Extreme) on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale. This earthquake was felt for an area of 518,000 square km.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Earthquake sequence, Dixie Valley earthquake
Four minutes and 20 seconds after the Fairview earthquake, an Mw 6.9-7.0 earthquake struck west of Humboldt Salt Marsh along the Dixie Valley Fault Zone. This event ruptured a separate fault for 46.7 km.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Earthquake sequence, Aftershocks
Numerous aftershocks were triggered in the wake of the earthquake including an Mw 6.0 on March 23, 1959.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Aftermath
Numerous fault scarps and offset stream channels were reported as a result of surface ruptures.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Aftermath
The July 6 earthquake caused some destruction in the town of Fallon. Old and poorly built, un-reinforced brick structures were severely damaged, and many chimneys fell as a result. Twelve sailors were injured at the Naval Auxiliary Air Station when shaking knocked heavy steel lockers and shattered glass onto them, the most serious injury was a broken leg. At Lone Tree and Stillwater District, some limited was reported. Canals and drainage systems of the Newlands Reclamation Project near Fallon were damaged heavily due to liquefaction from dam failure. Many culverts were damaged or had collapsed. Highways in the Fallon-Stillwater areas cracked and buckled in some places. A road dropped nearly a meter for more than 300 meters. President Eisenhower declared the region a disaster area and made available $200,000 of disaster relief funding.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Aftermath
The August earthquake caused further destruction to Fallon; seven more structures had to be torn down due to the severity of the damage. More windows, water pipelines and chimneys were broken. The earthquake also totally wrecked repair works done after the July shock.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Aftermath
The December 16 main shocks frightened the residents of Fallon, many of them did not stay in their homes during the winter night. In Reno, the earthquake was felt strongly by many. Plasters fell from the Nevada State Capitol Building in Carson. Fissures up to 30 inches wide opened in highways and the landscape. The earthquakes also triggered rockfalls and deposited large boulders onto highways. US-50 experienced some buckling and cracks, and some roads dropped more than 1.5 meters due to surface faulting.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Aftermath
In Sacramento, 322 km away, the earthquake caused some $20,000 in damages to a water tank belonging to the city's filtration plant.


1954 Rainbow Mountain-Fairview Peak-Dixie Valley earthquakes, Aftermath
Fault scarps can still be visited in the affected area.


1954 Rhode Island Rams football team
The 1954 Rhode Island Rams football team was an American football team that represented the University of Rhode Island as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1954 college football season. In its fourth season under head coach Hal Kopp, the team compiled a 6–2 record (3–1 against conference opponents), finished second out of six teams in the Yankee Conference, and outscored opponents by a total of 164 to 111. The team played its home games at Meade Stadium in Kingston, Rhode Island.


1954 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
The 1954 Rhode Island gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1954. Incumbent Democrat Dennis J. Roberts defeated Republican nominee Dean J. Lewis with 57.69% of the vote.


1954 Rice Owls football team
The 1954 Rice Owls football team represented Rice University during the 1954 college football season. The Owls were led by 15th-year head coach Jess Neely and played their home games at Rice Stadium in Houston, Texas. They competed as members of the Southwest Conference, finishing tied for third. Rice finished the regular season with a record of 7–3 overall, and were ranked 19th in the final AP Poll.


1954 Roller Hockey World Cup
The 1954 Roller Hockey World Cup was the tenth roller hockey world cup, organized by the Fédération Internationale de Patinage a Roulettes (now under the name of Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports). It was contested by 15 national teams (12 from Europe, 2 from South America and 1 from Africa) and it is also considered the 1954 European Roller Hockey Championship (despite the presence of non-European teams). All the games were played in the city of Barcelona, in Spain, the chosen city to host the World Cup.


1954 Rollins Tars baseball team
The 1954 Rollins Tars baseball team represented Rollins College in the 1954 NCAA baseball season. The Tars were coached by Joe Justice in his 8th season at Rollins.


1954 Rollins Tars baseball team
The Tars lost the College World Series, defeated by the Missouri Tigers in the championship game.


1954 Romanian blizzard
A massive snowstorm hit Romania (along with westernmost regions of Moldova) in February 1954.


1954 Romanian blizzard
Heavy snowfall that month was recorded on the following dates: 1-4, 7-9, 17-19 and 22-24. Wind speed reached 126 km/h in Bucharest on February 3, a record that still stands. The maximum quantity of snow was recorded on the 3rd in Grivița: 115.9 L/m2 in 24 hours, another unbroken record. The thickest layer of snow, 173 cm, appeared in Călărași on February 3-4 and also remains a record. Snowdrifts reached 5 m in the southeast of the country.


1954 Rose Bowl
The 1954 Rose Bowl was the 40th edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, on Friday, January 1. The third-ranked Michigan State Spartans of the Big Ten Conference defeated the #5 UCLA Bruins of the Pacific Coast Conference, 28–20. Michigan State halfback Billy Wells scored two touchdowns and was named the  Player of the Game.


1954 Rose Bowl
This was the first year that Michigan State was counted in the Big Ten football standings, having been a member since 1950. This Rose Bowl had the first color television "colorcast," viewable on 200 sets across the United States.


1954 Rose Bowl, Teams, Michigan State College Spartans
The Michigan State Spartans had joined the Big Ten in 1950, but did not play a full schedule until 1953. They only lost one game, 0–6 at Purdue, which broke a 28-game winning streak, with two national championships. The Spartans were co-champions with Illinois, and the two did not meet this season. However, Illinois had last appeared in the 1952 Rose Bowl. Head coach Clarence "Biggie" Munn announced his retirement before the game.


1954 Rose Bowl, Teams, UCLA Bruins
In the 1952 season, the Bruins lost only once, to rival USC 12–14. Both teams had been undefeated and the Trojans took the Rose Bowl berth. In 1953, the Bruins again lost only one regular season game, 20–21 at Stanford on October 17; Stanford was later defeated by USC on November 7. With the Rose Bowl again on the line for both teams, UCLA defeated USC 13–0 to win the Pacific Coast Conference outright and gain the New Year's Day berth in Pasadena.


1954 Rose Bowl, Game summary
This was the first meeting between the two schools. It was the first Rose Bowl appearance for the Spartans; they had previously only played in the 1938 Orange Bowl. It was the third bowl appearance for the Bruins, all in the Rose (1943, 1947). The weather was sunny; the Spartans wore their green home jerseys and the Bruins wore their white road jerseys.


1954 Rose Bowl, Game summary
Michigan State fumbled twice in the first half, which allowed the Bruins the first two scores. The Spartans had only one completed pass and 56 yards in the first half; they scored a touchdown with 4:45 remaining in the first half.


1954 Rose Bowl, Game summary
Victor Postula knocked down four Bruin passes; head coach Biggie Munn instituted a "split-line offense" against the Bruins.


1954 Rose Bowl, Game summary
The Spartans assembled two long drives in the third quarter to pull ahead 21–14. The Bruins recovered another Spartan fumble and scored to pull within a point at 21–20, but the extra point kick failed. Billy Wells of Michigan State returned a punt 62 yards for a touchdown with 4:51 left in the game.


1954 Rose Bowl, Game facts
In their first official season in the Big Ten, the Spartans led the league in the number of black players. Michigan State's eight black athletes represented nearly a quarter of all African Americans in the entire conference.


1954 Round Australia Trial
The 1954 Round Australia Trial, officially the Redex Trial was the second running of the Round Australia Trial. The rally took place between 3 and 20 July 1954. The event covered 16,900 kilometres around Australia. It was won by Jack 'Gelignite' Murray and Bill Murray, driving a Ford 1948 V8.


1954 Rugby League World Cup
The 1954 Rugby League World Cup was rugby league football's first World Cup and was held in France in October–November 1954. Officially known as the "Rugby World Cup", four nations competed in the tournament: Australia, France, Great Britain and New Zealand. A group stage was held first, with Great Britain topping the table as a result of points difference. They went on to defeat France (who finished second in the table, level on points) in the final, which was held at Paris' Parc des Princes before 30,368 spectators.


1954 Rugby League World Cup
The prime instigators behind the idea of holding a rugby league world cup were the French, who were short of money following the seizing of their assets by French rugby union in the Second World War. The first rugby league world cup was an unqualified success. It was played in a uniformly good spirit, provided an excellent standard of play and was a fitting celebration of France's 20th anniversary as a rugby league-playing nation. The trophy, which was donated by the French, was worth eight million francs.


1954 Rugby League World Cup, Background
The World Cup was a French initiative. Led by Paul Barrière, who donated the Rugby League World Cup trophy himself, they had been campaigning for such a tournament since before the Second World War. Teams from Australia, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States were invited to join the hosts, France, for the first World Cup in 1953. However, the tournament was not held until 1954, with all teams except the United States participating.


1954 Rugby League World Cup, Background
The French had suggested that the United States play but the other nations were concerned about a lack of competitiveness which was borne out by France beating the United States 31–0 on 9 January 1954. It had been suggested that Wales be invited instead of the USA but they weren't approached.


1954 Rugby League World Cup, Background
The uncertainty of the ultimate outcome was of particular interest. In the early 1950s all four competing nations were quite capable of beating each other – no test series in the period was a foregone conclusion.


1954 Rugby League World Cup, Background
If there were a favourite it was Australia who had just won back the Ashes. However, in 1953 they had lost series to both the French and the Kiwis, while Great Britain had defeated New Zealand on the second half of their 1954 Australasian tour.


1954 Rugby League World Cup, Background
The form book merely provided a conundrum which was made more confusing when the British were forced, through injuries and players making themselves unavailable, to select a raw and largely untried squad which was given little credibility by the cynics.


1954 Rugby League World Cup, Background
The captains for this historic event were Puig-Aubert (France), Cyril Eastlake (New Zealand), Clive Churchill (Australia) and Dave Valentine (Britain). The referees were Warrington's Charlie Appleton and Rene Guidicelli (Perpignan).


1954 Rugby League World Cup, Venues
The games were played at various venues in France with the Final played at the Parc des Princes in Paris.


1954 Rugby League World Cup Final
The 1954 Rugby League World Cup Final was the conclusive game of the 1954 Rugby League World Cup tournament and was played between France and Great Britain on November 13, 1954 at Parc des Princes, Paris, France.


1954 Rugby League World Cup Final, Background
The 1954 Rugby League World Cup was the inaugural staging of the Rugby League World Cup. The tournament was held in the France from 30 October, culminating in the final France and Great Britain on 13 November.


1954 Rugby League World Cup Final, Match details
The BBC broadcast the whole match live in the UK via the Television Continental Exchange – a rare novelty for the time. France opened the scoring with a penalty Puig-Aubert kick from 45 yards out and played well early in the match, leading early in the second half thanks to a brilliant try from Cantoni. However Great Britain did not waver, with credit for the win given to a starring role by centre Phil Jackson and the play of their forward pack, as well as the tough match France had played against Australia in Nantes two days earlier. Great Britain defeated France 16–12 and became the first team to lift the World Cup.


1954 Rugby League World Cup group stage
1954 Rugby League World Cup group stage was the main component of the 1954 Rugby League World Cup, with the top two nations qualifying for the final. The group comprised Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain and France.


1954 Rugby League World Cup group stage, France vs New Zealand
France's niggling tactics in their win against New Zealand in the tournament's opening match drew criticism from the media and the Kiwis coach, Jim Amos. New Zealand winger Jimmy Edwards had the distinction of being the first scorer in World Cup history with a try after only five minutes. Puig-Aubert landed the first goal.


1954 Rugby League World Cup group stage, Australia vs Great Britain
The British team proved too strong for Australia in both sides' first World Cup game.


1954 Rugby League World Cup group stage, France vs Great Britain
The game gripped the attention of the rugby league public as never before with a record crowd of 37,471 attending at Toulouse. That record crowd has still not been beaten in France. The draw resulted in Great Britain and France sharing the lead in the tournament.


1954 Rugby League World Cup group stage, Australia vs New Zealand
Australia's victory in this match put them in third position on the ladder and New Zealand last.


1954 Rugby League World Cup group stage, France vs Australia
Australia and France were playing for the chance to meet Great Britain in the final. Mistakes cost the Australians the match, so France advanced to the decider.


1954 Rugby League World Cup squads
The 1954 Rugby League World Cup featured the national teams (selected from eighteen-man squads) of four nations.


1954 Rugby League World Cup squads, Statistics
Match details - listing surnames of each team and the point scorers - were included in E.E. Christensen's Official Rugby League Yearbook, as was a summary of the players' point-scoring. This information is reflected in the  website.


1954 Rugby League World Cup squads, Australia
For Australian players, the World Cup tournament took place in 1954's post-season. Their coach was Vic HeyThe team was managed by Spencer O'Neill of Parramatta, NSW and Jack McMahon of Queensland.


1954 Rugby League World Cup squads, Australia
The Rugby League News published details of the touring team including each player's age and weight.


1954 Rugby League World Cup squads, Australia
Banks, Davies, Flannery, Hall, McCaffery, O'Shea and Watson were selected from Queensland clubs. Pidding was selected from clubs in New South Wales Country areas. This lineup of the squad played for Sydney-based clubs during the 1954 season.


1954 Rugby League World Cup squads, New Zealand
The Rugby League News published details of the Kiwi touring team including each player's provincial team, weight, height, ageand occupation.


1954 Rugby League World Cup squads, Great Britain
For British players, the World Cup tournament took place during the 1954–55 Northern Rugby Football League season. Their coach was Mr G Shaw. The Rugby League News published the selected British touring team. The following seven players listed in this article did not play a match in the tournament: Billy Boston (Wigan), Willie Horne (Barrow), Geoff Gunney (Hunslet), W. Banks, Ron Rylance (Huddersfield), Alvin Ackerley (Halifax) and Johnny Whiteley (Hull). English representative Phil Jackson was born in Canada. David Rose and captain Dave Valentine were representatives from Scotland, and John Thorley from Wales.


1954 Rugby League World Cup squads, France
Note: The  has Roger Guilhem playing one match and Gilbert Verdié two, whilst EE Chistensen's Official Rugby League Yearbook has Roger Guilhem playing two matches (the round matches against Great Britain and Australia) and Gilbert Verdié playing one match (the Final against Great Britain).


1954 Rugby Union European Cup
The Europe Cup 1954 was the fifth Rugby Union European championship, organised by FIRA and the second (and last) with this name.


1954 Rugby Union European Cup
With the exception of a preliminary, all the matches were played in Italy. As in the 1952 edition, France won the title after a victory over Italy in the final.


1954 Rugby Union European Cup
This was the last edition of this competition. A European tournament arranged by FIRA, returned only in 1965 with the Nations Cup.


1954 Rugby Union European Cup, Results, Final
After an Italian try in the first minute, France took control of the match and won.


1954 Rutgers Queensmen football team
The 1954 Rutgers Queensmen football team represented Rutgers University in the 1954 college football season. In their 13th season under head coach Harvey Harman, the Queensmen compiled a 3–6 record and were outscored by their opponents 145 to 140.


1954 Rwandan parliamentary election, Electoral system
The Decree of 14 July 1952 by the Belgian authorities introduced an element of democracy to the Rwandan political system. A complicated electoral system was created, which involved seven stages of elections to eventually elect the national Superior Council (French: Conseil Superieur du Pays).


1954 Rwandan parliamentary election, Results
The elections in the sub-chiefdoms and chiefdoms were held in 1953, with the elections to the Territorial Councils and the Superior Council following in 1954.


1954 SANFL Grand Final
The 1954 SANFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Port Adelaide Football Club and the West Adelaide Football Club, held at the Adelaide Oval on Saturday 2 October 1954. It was the 56th annual Grand Final of the South Australian National Football League, staged to determine the premiers of the 1954 SANFL season. The match, attended by 42,895 spectators, was won by Port Adelaide by a margin of 3 points, marking that clubs fifteenth premiership victory.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Background
Before the 1954 SANFL Grand Final there had been four meetings between Port Adelaide and West Adelaide during the season with the former winning all four encounters.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Background
The SANFL spent £1,500 insuring the game against inclement weather. The SANFL also put forward £200 as prize money for the winning team.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Background
Brothers Fos Williams and Glynn Williams played against each other representing Port Adelaide and West Adelaide respectively.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Match Summary
The weather during the day was hot with newspaper writers suggesting that it would be a gruelling match for the players. It was also humid.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Match Summary, First quarter
West Adelaide's small forwards helped them to take a 3 point lead in the first quarter.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Match Summary, Second quarter
Towards the end of the second quarter Brian Faehse punched Dave Boyd causing him to fall over. As a result of this confrontation a large fracas broke out which was only quelled when the siren to end the quarter sounded. On the way back to their rooms some West Adelaide players were assaulted by spectators leading to calls after the game for improved security for players.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Match Summary, Second quarter
During half time Fos Williams gave his players a significant pep talk.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Match Summary, Third quarter
After the half time break Geof Motley moved to centre-half forward. West Adelaide captain Brian Faehse was injured early in the third quarter.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Match Summary, Fourth quarter
West Adelaide had opportunities win the game in the last quarter but wayward kicking let them down.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Match Summary, Post-match
The Port Adelaide players and officials had a celebratory dinner at the Largs Pier Hotel after the match. Bob McLean placed Lloyd Zucker at the head of the table as a gesture of appreciation for his game. Six of the Port Adelaide players had to leave the dinner early to attend a function run by radio station 5KA, the precursor to Triple M Adelaide, which was held at the Port Adelaide Town Hall.


1954 SANFL Grand Final, Match Summary, West End Brewery chimney
The 1954 SANFL Grand Final was the first instance of a tradition where the chimney of the West End Brewery would be painted in the colours of the winning team. At the suggestion of Fos Williams, the runner up would also have their colours added to the West End Brewery chimney.


1954 SANFL season
The 1954 South Australian National Football League season was the 75th season of the top-level Australian rules football competition in South Australia.


1954 SCCA National Sports Car Championship
The 1954 SCCA National Sports Car Championship season was the fourth season of the Sports Car Club of America's National Sports Car Championship. It began January 31, 1954, and ended November 7, 1954, after twelve races. For the first time, championships were awarded to drivers in each class, rather than an overall championship as before.


1954 Sacramento State Hornets football team
The 1954 Sacramento State Hornets football team represented Sacramento State College during the 1954 college football season.


1954 Sacramento State Hornets football team
In their inaugural season of intercollegiate play, Sacramento State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC). The Hornets were led by head coach Dave Strong. They played home games at Charles C. Hughes Stadium in Sacramento, California. They lost all of their games, finishing the season with a record of zero wins and seven losses (0–7, 0–5 FWC). For the season the team was outscored by its opponents 40–217, and was held scoreless in four of the seven games.


1954 Sacramento State Hornets football team, Team players in the NFL
No Sacramento State players were selected in the 1955 NFL Draft.


1954 Saint Lucian general election
General elections were held in Saint Lucia on 23 September 1954. The result was a victory for the Saint Lucia Labour Party, which won five of the eight seats. Voter turnout was 49.4%.


1954 Salvadoran legislative election
Legislative elections were held in El Salvador in March 1954. The result was a victory for the Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification, which was the only party to contest the elections as the opposition Renovating Action Party claimed that they were rigged.


1954 San Diego State Aztecs football team
The 1954 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State College during the 1954 college football season.


1954 San Diego State Aztecs football team
San Diego State competed in the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). The team was led by eighth-year head coach Bill Schutte, and played home games at both Aztec Bowl and Balboa Stadium. They finished the season with five wins and four losses (5–4, 2–2 CCAA). Overall, the team outscored its opponents 177–141 for the season.


1954 San Diego State Aztecs football team, Team players in the NFL
The following San Diego State players were selected in the 1955 NFL Draft.


1954 San Francisco 49ers season
The 1954 San Francisco 49ers season was the franchise's 5th season in the National Football League and their 9th overall. The team was coming off a 9–3 record in 1953, finishing one game behind the Detroit Lions for a spot in the championship game.


1954 San Francisco 49ers season
The 49ers would get off to a strong start, beginning the season with a 4–0–1 record, as they were trying to finish on top of the conference for the 1st time in team history. The Niners would lose their next 2 games against the Chicago Bears and Los Angeles Rams by close scores, however, they still found themselves in the playoff race as no team was running away with the conference. The 4–2–1 Niners had a huge game against the 5–1–0 Detroit Lions, which was a must-win game for San Francisco. The Lions though had other ideas, demolishing the 49ers 48–7, as they fell to a 4–3–1 record. San Francisco would finish the season with 3 wins in their final 4 games, and finished the year in 3rd place with a 7–4–1 record.


1954 San Francisco 49ers season
Offensively, Y. A. Tittle had another strong season, throwing for 2,205 yards and 9 touchdowns, while completing 57.6% of his passes. Billy Wilson led the club with 60 receptions and 830 yards and 5 touchdowns. San Francisco's ground attack was overwhelming. Joe Perry rushed for an NFL high 1,049 yards, and John Johnson rushed for 681 yards (2nd highest total in the NFL) and a team-high 9 touchdowns. Hugh McElhenny was leading the team with 8.0 yards per carry until he separated his shoulder on October 31 against the Chicago Bears.


1954 San Francisco 49ers season
Joe Perry (FB), Bruno Banducci (G) and Leo Nomellini (DT) made the Associated Press All-Pro team. Hugh McElhenny (HB), Billy Wilson (E), and Bob St. Clair (T) made the second squad.


1954 San Francisco 49ers season, Schedule, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1954 San Francisco State Gators football team
The 1954 San Francisco State Gators football team represented San Francisco State College during the 1954 college football season.


1954 San Francisco State Gators football team
San Francisco State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC). The Gators were led by 5th-year head coach Joe Verducci. They played home games at Cox Stadium in San Francisco, California. The team finished the season as champion of the FWC, with a record of eight wins and two losses (8–2, 5–0 FWC). For the season the team outscored its opponents 253–120.


1954 San Francisco State Gators football team, Team players in the NFL
No San Francisco State players were selected in the 1955 NFL Draft.


1954 San Jose State Spartans football team
The 1954 San Jose State Spartans football team represented San Jose State College during the 1954 college football season.


1954 San Jose State Spartans football team
San Jose State played as an Independent in 1954. The team was led by fifth-year head coach Bob Bronzan, and played home games at Spartan Stadium in San Jose, California. They finished the season with a record of seven wins and three losses (7–3). Overall, the team outscored its opponents 191–151 for the season.


1954 San Jose State Spartans football team, Team players in the NFL
The following San Jose State players were selected in the 1955 NFL Draft.


1954 San Jose State Spartans football team, Team players in the NFL
The following finished their San Jose State career in 1954, were not drafted, but played in the AFL.


1954 Santa Barbara Gauchos football team
The 1954 UC Santa Barbara Gauchos football team represented Santa Barbara College during the 1954 college football season.


1954 Santa Barbara Gauchos football team
Santa Barbara competed in the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). The team was led by seventh-year head coach Stan Williamson, and played home games at La Playa Stadium in Santa Barbara, California. They finished the season with a record of four wins and five losses (4–5, 1–3 CCAA).


1954 Santa Barbara Gauchos football team, Team players in the NFL
No Santa Barbara Gaucho players were selected in the 1955 NFL Draft.


1954 Santos FC season
The 1954 season was the forty-third season for Santos FC.


1954 Scottish League Cup Final
The 1954 Scottish League Cup Final was played on 23 October 1954, at Hampden Park in Glasgow and was the final of the 9th Scottish League Cup competition. The final was contested by Heart of Midlothian and Motherwell. Hearts won the match 4–2, mainly thanks to a hat-trick by Willie Bauld.


1954 Segunda División Peruana
The 1954 Segunda División Peruana, the second division of Peruvian football (soccer), was played by 10 teams. The tournament winner, Unión Callao was promoted to the Primera División Peruana 1955.


1954 Segunda División de Chile
The 1954 Segunda División de Chile was the third season of the Segunda División de Chile.


1954 Shoreditch and Finsbury by-election
The 1954 Shoreditch and Finsbury by-election was held on 21 October 1954 after the death of the incumbent Labour MP, Ernest Thurtle. It was retained by the Labour candidate, Victor Collins.


1954 Slovak parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Slovakia on 28 November 1954, alongside national elections. All 103 seats in the National Council were won by the National Front.


1954 South American Basketball Championship for Women
The 1954 South American Basketball Championship for Women was the 5th regional tournament for women in South America. It was held in São Paulo, Brazil and won by the local squad. Five teams competed.


1954 South American Basketball Championship for Women, Results
Each team played the other teams once, for a total of four games played by each team.


1954 South American Championships in Athletics
The 1954 South American Championships in Athletics  were held in Brazil's largest city, São Paulo, between 17 and 25 April.


1954 South American U-20 Championship
The South American Youth Championship 1954 was held in Caracas, Venezuela. It was the first time the tournament was organised.


1954 South American U-20 Championship, Teams
Argentina did not participate in this tournament. They were the only non-European team to play in the 1954 FIFA Youth Tournament Under-18.


1954 South Carolina Gamecocks football team
The 1954 South Carolina Gamecocks football team represented the University of South Carolina in the Atlantic Coast Conference in the 1954 college football season. The Gamecocks finished the season 6–4 overall. The season began with a defeat of Army.


1954 South Carolina gubernatorial election
The 1954 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1954 to select the governor of the state of South Carolina. George Bell Timmerman won the Democratic primary and ran unopposed in the general election becoming the 105th governor of South Carolina.


1954 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
The South Carolina Democratic Party held their primary for governor in the summer of 1954. George Bell Timmerman was the current Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina and only faced nominal opposition in the Democratic primary.


1954 South Carolina gubernatorial election, General election
The general election was held on November 2, 1954 and George Bell Timmerman was elected the next governor of South Carolina without opposition. Turnout was much higher than the previous gubernatorial election because there was an extremely competitive Senate race on the ballot, featuring former governor Strom Thurmond.


1954 South Dakota Coyotes football team
The 1954 South Dakota Coyotes football team was an American football team that represented the University of South Dakota in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1954 college football season. In its 16th season under head coach Harry Gamage, the team compiled a 5–4 record (3–3 against NCC opponents), tied for fifth place out of seven teams in the NCC, and was outscored by a total of 149 to 115. The team played its home games at Inman Field in Vermillion, South Dakota.


1954 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team
The 1954 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team was an American football team that represented South Dakota State University in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1954 college football season. In its eighth season under head coach Ralph Ginn, the team compiled a 7–2 record, tied for the conference championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 338 to 151.


1954 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team
The team's statistical leaders included quarterback Jerry Welch with 625 rushing yards and 478 passing yards. Other key players included center Herb Backlund, tackle Jack Nitz, guard Roger Kerns, and back Roger Denker.


1954 South Dakota gubernatorial election
The 1954 South Dakota gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1954.


1954 South Dakota gubernatorial election
Republican nominee Joe Foss defeated Democratic nominee Ed C. Martin with 56.67% of the vote.


1954 South Korean legislative election
Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 20 May 1954. The result was a victory for Syngman Rhee's Liberal Party, which won 114 of the 203 seats. Voter turnout was 91.1%.


1954 Southern 500
The 1954 Southern 500, the fifth running of the event, was a NASCAR Grand National Series event that was held on September 6, 1954, at Darlington Raceway in Darlington, South Carolina.


1954 Southern 500
The race car drivers still had to commute to the races using the same stock cars that competed in a typical weekend's race through a policy of homologation (and under their own power). This policy was in effect until roughly 1975. By 1980, NASCAR had completely stopped tracking the year model of all the vehicles and most teams did not take stock cars to the track under their own power anymore.


1954 Southern 500, Background
Darlington Raceway, nicknamed by many NASCAR fans and drivers as "The Lady in Black" or "The Track Too Tough to Tame" and advertised as a "NASCAR Tradition", is a race track built for NASCAR racing located near Darlington, South Carolina. It is of a unique, somewhat egg-shaped design, an oval with the ends of very different configurations, a condition which supposedly arose from the proximity of one end of the track to a minnow pond the owner refused to relocate. This situation makes it very challenging for the crews to set up their cars' handling in a way that will be effective at both ends.


1954 Southern 500, Background
The track is a four-turn 1.366 miles (2.198 km) oval. The track's first two turns are banked at twenty-five degrees, while the final two turns are banked two degrees lower at twenty-three degrees. The front stretch (the location of the finish line) and the back stretch is banked at six degrees. Darlington Raceway can seat up to 60,000 people.


1954 Southern 500, Background
Darlington has something of a legendary quality among drivers and older fans; this is probably due to its long track length relative to other NASCAR speedways of its era and hence the first venue where many of them became cognizant of the truly high speeds that stock cars could achieve on a long track. The track allegedly earned the moniker The Lady in Black because the night before the race the track maintenance crew would cover the entire track with fresh asphalt sealant, in the early years of the speedway, thus making the racing surface dark black.


1954 Southern 500, Background
Darlington is also known as "The Track Too Tough to Tame" because drivers can run lap after lap without a problem and then bounce off of the wall the following lap. Racers will frequently explain that they have to race the racetrack, not their competition. Drivers hitting the wall are considered to have received their "Darlington Stripe" thanks to the missing paint on the right side of the car.


1954 Southern 500, Race report
There were 364 laps done on a paved oval track that spanned 1.375 miles (2.213 km). Van Van Wey would make his NASCAR debut in this race; starting in 43rd place and ending in 20th place due to a crash on the 260th lap of the race. Buck Baker ran into trouble early in the race. Baker later drove relief for Laird Bruner and finished in 23rd position. Lee Petty experienced fuel pump trouble and later drove relief for Marvin Panch and crossed the finish line in third-place position.


1954 Southern 500, Race report
Otis Martin, Buck Mason, and Frank Stutts would retire from professional stock car racing while Walt Harvey and Joe Sheppard would make their only NASCAR Cup Series appearance in this event. Drivers who failed to qualify for the race were: Bill Blair (#2), Parks Surratt (#00), Bill Morgan (#77), Jim Graham (#72), Fred Dove (#71), Ken Taylor (#62), Gober Sosebee (#51), Hank Carruthers (#50), Clyde Minter (#19), Donald Thomas (#9), Dick Rathmann (#3) and Ross Morrison (#05).


1954 Southern 500, Race report
Overall, the race took five hours, sixteen minutes, and one second from the first green flag to the checkered flag. The average speed was 95.026 miles per hour (152.930 km/h) and the pole speed was 108.261 miles per hour (174.229 km/h). There were two cautions for four laps and the margin of victory was twenty-six seconds. Attendance of the race was confirmed at 28,000 people during the start of the race.


1954 Southern 500, Race report
Notable racers that appeared in the race and didn't finish in the "top ten" included Lee Petty (whose streak of 36 top-ten finishes ended at this race), Cotton Owens, Jimmie Lewallen, Ralph Liguori, Arden Mounts, Elmo Langley, and Buck Baker (pole winner). There was a 1949 year model car in this race. Apparently, there wasn't anything in the NASCAR Cup Series regulations at that time against racing with an obsolete vehicle but it wasn't really competitive against the newer models. Hassell Reid would end up with a 49th place finish while driving the 1949 Plymouth vehicle.


1954 Southern 500, Race report
Elmo Langley makes his NASCAR debut. He'd score two victories in a career spanning 536 races from 1954 to 1981.


1954 Southern 500, Race report
This would be the first Southern 500 where the leader wasn't a lap or more ahead. There were two #20 cars in the race which would be illegal under current NASCAR Cup Series rules and regulations.


1954 Southern 500, Race report
The total winnings of the race was $27,405 ($260,908 when adjusted for inflation) with the winner taking home $6,830 in winnings ($65,025 when adjusted for inflation). Manufacturers involved in the race included Hudson (defunct), Oldsmobile (defunct), Dodge (active), Mercury (active but not racing), Cadillac (active but not racing), Buick (active but not racing), Nash (defunct), Plymouth (active but not racing), Studebaker (defunct), Chrysler (active but not racing), Ford (active), but no entry by any Chevrolet (active) vehicles.


1954 Southern 500, Race report
Robert Foster and Lee Petty were two of the notable crew chiefs that were in attendance for the race. Not only Lee Petty was the crew chief, but he was also driving the #42 Chrysler vehicle in the race.


1954 Southern Area League
The 1954 Southern Area League was the first season of the newly named regional third tier of speedway racing in the United Kingdom for Southern British teams. It replaced the defunct Southern League. With most of the Southern League teams moving up to Speedway National League Division Two, six new teams started the season—many of them making their debut in league speedway.


1954 Southern Area League, Summary
Three teams finished equal on points at the top but California Poppies from California, Berkshire were champions by the slenderest possible margin of a single race point with all their rivals having an fixture in hand that was never ridden.


1954 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1954 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament took place from March 4–6, 1954 at the West Virginia Fieldhouse in Morgantown, West Virginia. The George Washington Colonials, led by head coach William Reinhart, won their second Southern Conference title and received the automatic berth to the 1954 NCAA Tournament.


1954 Southern Conference Men's Basketball Tournament, Format
The top eight finishers of the conference's ten members were eligible for the tournament. Teams were seeded based on conference winning percentage. The tournament used a preset bracket consisting of three rounds.


1954 Southern Illinois Salukis football team
The 1954 Southern Illinois Salukis football team was an American football team that represented Southern Illinois University (now known as Southern Illinois University Carbondale) in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (IIAC) during the 1954 college football season. Under third-year head coach William O'Brien, the team compiled a 2–7 record. The team played its home games at McAndrew Stadium in Carbondale, Illinois.


1954 Southern Jaguars football team
The 1954 Southern Jaguars football team was an American football team that represented Southern University in the 1954 college football season. In their 19th season under head coach Ace Mumford, the Jaguars compiled a 10–1 record (5–1 against SWAC opponents), finished second in the SWAC, and outscored all opponents by a total of 374 to 124. The team played its home games at University Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.


1954 Southern Jaguars football team
The team was recognized as the black college national co-champion.


1954 Southern Rhodesian general election
General elections were held in Southern Rhodesia on 27 January 1954 for the seats in the Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly. The result was a victory for the United Rhodesia Party, which won 26 of the 30 seats. The candidates of the Rhodesia Labour Party and Southern Rhodesia Labour Party ran as independents.


1954 Southwestern Louisiana Bulldogs football team
The 1954 Southwestern Louisiana Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented the Southwestern Louisiana Institute of Liberal and Technical Learning (now known as the University of Louisiana at Lafayette) in the Gulf States Conference during the 1954 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach Raymond Didier, the team compiled a 5–4 record.


1954 Soviet Class B
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Frietjes (talk | contribs) at 21:46, 18 March 2020. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1954 Soviet Class B
Following are the results of the 1954 Soviet First League football championship. FC Shakhter Stalino winning the championship.


1954 Soviet Cup
The 1954 Soviet Cup was an association football cup competition of the Soviet Union.


1954 Soviet Top League
Thirteen teams took part in the 1954 Soviet national football league with FC Dynamo Moscow winning the title.


1954 Soviet Union legislative election
Elections to the Supreme Soviet were held in the Soviet Union on 14 March 1954.


1954 Soviet Union legislative election, Electoral system
Candidates had to be nominated by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) or by a public organisation. However, all public organisations were controlled by the party and were subservient to a 1931 law that required them to accept party rule. The CPSU itself remained the only legal party in the country.


1954 Soviet Union legislative election, Electoral system
Voters could vote against the CPSU candidate, but could only do so by using polling booths, whereas votes for the party could be cast simply by submitting a blank ballot. Turnout was required to be over 50% for the election to be valid.


1954 Soviet Union legislative election, Candidates
CPSU candidates accounted for around three quarters of the nominees, whilst many of the others were members of Komsomol.


1954 Soviet nuclear tests
The Soviet Union's 1954 nuclear test series was a group of 10 nuclear tests conducted in 1954. These tests followed the 1953 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1955 Soviet nuclear tests series.


1954 Spanish Grand Prix
The 1954 Spanish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 24 October 1954 at Pedralbes. It was the ninth and final race in the 1954 World Championship of Drivers. The 80-lap race was won by Ferrari driver Mike Hawthorn after he started from third position. Luigi Musso finished second for the Maserati team and Mercedes driver Juan Manuel Fangio came in third.


1954 Spanish Grand Prix, Race report
The long-awaited Lancia D50s arrived-using their 90 degree V8 engine as a stiffening aid for the chassis; they were simple but brilliantly designed. Ascari immediately set the fastest practice lap and led from pole.


1954 Spanish Grand Prix, Race report
Villoresi in the fellow Lancia retired with brake trouble after just 1 lap and Ascari succumbed to clutch problems after 9 laps.


1954 Spanish Grand Prix, Race report
Various other drivers took the lead and then retired-Schell spun off, Trintignant had mechanical problems and Moss overheated (one of several retirements caused by flying newspaper jamming the radiator ducts). The race boiled down to a duel between Hawthorn and Fangio but the Argentine was losing oil and lost second place to Musso. Hawthorn hung on to take the win with Fangio driving well to claim the final podium position.


1954 Spanish Grand Prix, Race report
This proved to be the last major race held at the Pedralbes street circuit. The Le Mans disaster in 1955 meant tighter safety regulations, and the spectator-lined street circuit in the Pedralbes neighborhood of Barcelona was abandoned and has not been used since.


1954 Spanish Grand Prix, Shared drives
Car #22: Toulo de Graffenried (30 laps) and Ottorino Volonterio (27 laps)


1954 Speedway National League
The 1954 National League Division One was the 20th season of speedway in the United Kingdom and the ninth post-war season of the highest tier of speedway.


1954 Speedway National League, Summary
Bristol dropped out of the league and joined the National League Division Two. Wimbledon won their first National League Championship, beginning a run of 7 titles in 8 years, ending a similar run by Wembley Lions.


1954 Speedway National League, National Trophy
The 1954 National Trophy was the 17th edition of the Knockout Cup.


1954 Speedway National League Division Two
The 1954 National League Division Two was the ninth post-war season of the second tier of motorcycle speedway in Great Britain.


1954 Speedway National League Division Two, Summary
The Southern League was replaced by the Southern Area League which resulted in Division Two taking in teams from the defunct Southern League. Only St Austell Gulls declined to step up to the national level, whilst from the previous season Yarmouth Bloaters were not issued a racing licence and Stoke Potters withdrew. Bristol Bulldogs moved down from Division One to make 15 teams starting the season however Glasgow White City Tigers and Wolverhampton Wasps withdrew before the league campaign started.


1954 Speedway National League Division Two, Summary
Plymouth Devils withdrew after 1 league fixture, Edinburgh Monarchs withdrew after 5.


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season
The 1954 St. Louis Cardinals season was the team's 73rd season in St. Louis, Missouri and its 63rd season in the National League. The Cardinals went 72–82 during the season and finished 6th in the National League.


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season, Regular season
In his first four major league games, first baseman Joe Cunningham became the first Cardinals player to hit at least two home runs. On April 6, 2016, Jeremy Hazelbaker matched him for this feat.


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season, Regular season
Outfielder Wally Moon won the Rookie of the Year Award this year, batting .304, with 12 home runs and 76 RBIs. Along the way, on April 13 Moon hit a home run in his first major league at-bat.


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season, Regular season
During the season, Tom Alston became the first black player in the history of the Cardinals.


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1954 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1954 Stanford Indians football team
The 1954 Stanford Indians football team represented Stanford University in the 1954 college football season. The team was led by Chuck Taylor in his fourth year. The team played their home games at Stanford Stadium in Stanford, California.


1954 Stanford Indians football team
Stanford's loss to San Jose State was the team's first-ever loss in the rivalry series that began in 1900. The team's 72–0 loss to UCLA remains Stanford's largest-ever margin of defeat.


1954 Stanley Cup Finals
The 1954 Stanley Cup Finals was contested by the Detroit Red Wings and the defending champion Montreal Canadiens, in their fourth straight Finals. It was the second Detroit–Montreal Finals series of the 1950s. The Wings won the series 4–3 to win their second Stanley Cup in four years and sixth overall.


1954 Stanley Cup Finals, Paths to the Finals
Montreal defeated the Boston Bruins 4–0 to reach the Finals. Detroit defeated the Toronto Maple Leafs 4–1 to reach the Finals.


1954 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Tony Leswick scored the series-winning goal at 4:29 of overtime in the seventh game. In fact, Leswick's goal was one of the strangest Stanley Cup-winning goals in history, as Leswick's shot was deflected off the glove of Montreal's Doug Harvey and into the net. The Canadiens immediately skated off the ice without shaking hands with the Red Wings. This was the second time in NHL history that a seventh game of the Stanley Cup Finals was decided in overtime; the previous time it happened, in 1950, Detroit beat the New York Rangers in the Finals. As of 2020, this is the most recent occasion where the seventh game of a Stanley Cup Finals was settled in overtime.


1954 Stanley Cup Finals, Broadcasting
CBC's coverage of games 3–5 were joined in progress at 9:30 p.m. (approximately one hour after start time). Meanwhile, CBC joined game six in at 10 p.m. (again, one hour after start time). Game seven was carried nationwide from opening the face off at 9 p.m. Since game seven was played on Good Friday night, there were no commercials (Imperial Oil was the sponsor).


1954 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving
The 1954 Stanley Cup was presented to Red Wings captain Ted Lindsay by NHL President Clarence Campbell following the Red Wings 2–1 overtime win over the Canadiens in game seven.


1954 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving
The following Red Wings players and staff had their names engraved on the Stanley Cup


1954 Star World Championship
The 1954 Star World Championship was held in Cascais, Portugal in 1954.


1954 Star World Championship, Results
Legend: DNS – Did not start; DSQ – Disqualified; WDR – Withdrew;


1954 Sugar Bowl
The 1954 Sugar Bowl matched the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and the West Virginia Mountaineers in the 20th edition of the Sugar Bowl.


1954 Sugar Bowl, Background
The Yellow Jackets were in their 2nd straight Sugar Bowl and 3rd in 10 years. They had tied for 2nd in the Southeastern Conference. West Virginia had started with 7 straight victories, with a Southern Conference championship, their first ever title. But a loss to South Carolina knocked them from #8 to #19 though a win at NC State in the last game of the season made them #10, and the Sugar Bowl had their 9th consecutive matchup of top 10 ranked teams. This was West Virginia's first Sugar Bowl and first bowl game in five years.


1954 Sugar Bowl, Background
Due to the ACC agreeing to a bid with the Orange Bowl, the number of teams were limited for the Sugar Bowl. Georgia Tech had been invited to the Cotton Bowl Classic, but they decided to join the Sugar Bowl after a revote, which sent SEC Champ Alabama to the Cotton Bowl instead.


1954 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
Georgia Tech started the scoring off earlier with a 79 yard drive on 5 passes that culminated with a Pepper Rodgers touchdown pass to Sam Hensley. On GT's next series, Rodgers threw another touchdown, this time to Jimmy Durham. The Mountaineers drove 70 yards and scored on a Danny Williams touchdown run to narrow the lead to 14-6. After West Virginia recovered a fumble, they drove to the GT 5, but a 16 yard sack made them throw a desperate pass into the end zone, which was incomplete.


1954 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
The Yellow Jackets took advantage and made their own drive which culminated with a Henry Hair touchdown catch from Rodgers to give them a 20-6 halftime lead. Rodgers would add in a field goal and Leon Hardeman would score on a touchdown run to make the lead 29-6 by the fourth quarter. Joe Marconi made it a 16 point game on his touchdown run, but Ruffin made it 35-13 on a touchdown run of his own.


1954 Sugar Bowl, Game summary
WVU would narrow it again on an Allman touchdown run, but Bill Teas would put the exclamation point on the game with his rushing touchdown to make the final score 42-19. West Virginia had a rushing attack, but could not get the passing game going and was doomed with their six turnovers, four of them on fumbles by the backs, as Georgia Tech out-threw them with Rodgers, who went 18 of 26 for 195 yards.


1954 Sugar Bowl, Aftermath
Despite four more Southern Conference titles in the next five years, West Virginia would take 40 years to make it to their next Sugar Bowl. Georgia Tech would play in just one more Sugar Bowl, in 1956.


1954 Sun Bowl
The 1954 Sun Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game that featured the Texas Western Miners and the Mississippi Southern Southerners.


1954 Sun Bowl, Background
The Miners had a two game improvement while finishing third in the Border Intercollegiate Athletic Association. One particular highlight for the Golden Eagles was upsetting Alabama (who went on to play Rice in the Cotton Bowl Classic that year). This was the second straight Sun Bowl appearance for Mississippi Southern, and the third in five years for Texas Western.


1954 Sun Bowl, Game summary
Dick Shinaut returned a kickoff 48 yards to give Texas Western good field position. On the next play, Clovis Riley had run 54 yards to the goal line, until he was hit and fumbled the ball, but John Howle recovered the ball in the end zone to give the Miners a 7–0 lead. Shinaut then threw a touchdown pass to Jesse Whittenton on a screen pass formation that went for 25 yards. Shinaut made it 17–0 in the second quarter on his 25-yard field goal. Howle caught a 44-yard touchdown pass from Shinaut to make it 24–0.


1954 Sun Bowl, Game summary
A Texas Western touchdown run by Joel McCormick made it 30–0. Mississippi Southern responded with two touchdowns of their own (one on a Tommie Wood touchdown catch from Billy Jarrell and the other on a 13-yard touchdown run by Fred Smallwood) to make it 30–14 in the third quarter. But the Miners responded with a touchdown by Riley from 43 yards out to make it 37–14. Riley rushed for 112 yards on 12 carries. Dick Shinaut went 11 of 17 for 158 yards, while kicking four extra points and a field goal in an MVP effort.


1954 Sun Bowl, Aftermath
The Texas Western went to the Sun Bowl four more times in the next 13 years. The Mississippi Southern upset Alabama the next year in a 6–4 season. They have not returned to the Sun Bowl since this game.


1954 Sutton and Cheam by-election
The 1954 Sutton and Cheam by-election was held on 4 November 1954 due to the resignation of the Conservative MP Sydney Marshall. The seat was retained by the Conservative candidate Richard Sharples.


1954 Swiss Grand Prix
The 1954 Swiss Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Bremgarten on 22 August 1954. It was race 7 of 9 in the 1954 World Championship of Drivers. The 66-lap race was won by Mercedes driver Juan Manuel Fangio after he started from second position. José Froilán González finished second for the Ferrari team and Fangio's teammate Hans Herrmann came in third.


1954 Swiss Grand Prix, Race report
The Mercedes domination continued as Fangio led from start to finish. Moss soon passed Gonzalez for 2nd and battled ferociously to catch Fangio. However, he was himself soon under pressure as Hawthorn caught him. The two duelled furiously in a superb patriotic spectacle, ended only when Moss's engine gave way. Hawthorn himself succumbed to fuel feed problems. Gonzalez thus ended in second, whilst Fangio lapped the entire field up to second, winning by nearly a minute. Hans Herrmann in the sister Mercedes took the final podium spot.


1954 Swiss Grand Prix, Race report
The Driver's championship was to be decided at this race. Works Ferrari driver José Froilán González needed to win to stay in contention to beat Mercedes driver Juan Manuel Fangio on points and after finishing 2nd to Fangio, he still had 23 1/7 points to Fangio's 42. With the rules in place at the time, González could not overhaul Fangio's total with 2 races left, and so the title went to Fangio for the 2nd time.


1954 Swiss Grand Prix, Race report
This would be the last F1 race in Switzerland. Following the 1955 Le Mans disaster the Swiss government banned all forms of motor racing. Swiss Grands Prix were subsequently held in 1975 (non-championship) and 1982 but both races took place in France.


1954 Swiss Grand Prix, Race report
There would not be any form of circuit motor racing in Switzerland for nearly sixty four years. In 2015, Switzerland lifted their ban on motor racing for electric vehicles only. The first race organized after the ban was lifted was a Formula E Championship race taking place in the streets of Zürich in 2018.


1954 Swiss referendums
Four referendums were held in Switzerland during 1954. The first two were held on 20 June on a federal resolution on concessions for shoemakers, saddlers, barbers and wainwrights and a federal resolution on assistance for war-affected Swiss citizens living abroad. Both were rejected by voters. The third was held on 24 October on a federal resolution on financial order between 1955 and 1958, and was approved by 70% of voters. The fourth was held on 5 December on a popular initiative for the "protection of the Stromlandschaft and concession Rheinau", and was rejected by 69% of voters.


1954 Swissair Convair CV-240 crash
The 1954 Swissair Convair CV-240 crash occurred on 19 June 1954 when a Swissair Convair CV-240 ditched in the English Channel off Folkestone, Kent, having run out of fuel. Although all on board survived the ditching of the aircraft, three people drowned, as they could not swim and there were no lifejackets carried on board the aircraft. At the time of the accident, these were not required to be carried on flights where the time over water was less than 30 minutes flying time.


1954 Swissair Convair CV-240 crash, Aircraft
The accident aircraft was Convair CV-240 HB-IRW, c/n 61. The aircraft had first flown in 1948. Named Ticino, the aircraft had entered service with KLM and was sold to Swissair on 28 November 1953 for CHF 2,270,000.


1954 Swissair Convair CV-240 crash, Accident
The accident flight was a scheduled international passenger flight from Cointrin Airport, Geneva, Switzerland to Heathrow Airport, London, United Kingdom. Prior to performing the accident flight, the aircraft had operated a flight from London to Geneva. While crossing the English Channel at an altitude of 12,000 feet (3,700 m), the pilot noticed that the gauges were indicating low quantities of fuel. The port engine then stopped and the propeller was feathered. The pilot initiated a diversion to RAF Manston. The starboard engine then stopped too. A successful ditching was made 1 1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) off Folkestone, Kent at about 11 pm.


1954 Swissair Convair CV-240 crash, Accident
The crash was heard by a crane driver at Folkestone Harbour, who reported the fact to the berthing master. Four British Railways staff rowed a boat out to the scene of the accident, which they reached in about 30 minutes. Five survivors were picked up and transferred to the Southern Queen, which had gone to assist. Lifeboats from Dover and Dungeness and helicopters from RAF Manston and HMS Albion also searched for survivors. A sixth survivor was rescued by Southern Queen, with the other five being transferred to her. They were landed in Folkestone and taken to the Royal Victoria Hospital. Three of the passengers survived the ditching, but later drowned.


1954 Swissair Convair CV-240 crash, Accident
The body of one of the victims was discovered at St Margaret's Bay on 27 June. Another victim's body was washed up in the Netherlands. The body of the third victim had not been found by the time an inquest was held in August 1954 at Ashford, Kent. A verdict of "misadventure" was returned in the case of the two victims whose bodies had been recovered. Although the skill of the pilot in effecting the ditching was praised by the Coroner, he was also criticised both flight crew for not going to the assistance of the passengers after the ditching.


1954 Swissair Convair CV-240 crash, Investigation
The accident was investigated by the Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation. It was discovered that the aircraft had not been refuelled at Geneva before departing for London. The aircraft held 700 imperial gallons (3,200 L) of fuel, but departed from Geneva with what was left of this quantity after the previous flight from London had been performed. The fuel had been ordered, but was not delivered to the aircraft. The captain apparently did not notice any discrepancy in the gauges on departure from Geneva.


1954 Swissair Convair CV-240 crash, Consequences
Both flight crew were suspended by Swissair following the accident. After the cause of the accident was established, they were dismissed. As a result of the accident, Swissair subsequently carried lifesaving equipment on all cross-Channel flights, even though regulations then in force did not require this. Lifesaving equipment only needed to be carried on flights where the time over water exceeded 30 minutes.


1954 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race
The 1954 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race was won on handicap by Solveig, making her the overall winner in 1954. She had obtained line honours in 1953.


1954 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, The Solveig
The 36-foot double ender was built in 1950 in Sydney by the Norwegian family business Lars Halvorsen Sons, built of Oregan (Douglas Fir) on Australian Hardwood frames. 1954 was the fifth and last Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race that Solveig entered, as she was shipped to the West Coast of the United States in 1955 to compete in the then longest ocean race in the world, the Transpac from San Pedro, California to Diamond Head, Hawaii. After the race Solveig was sold to a local businessman Don Doyle and remained in Hawaii from 1955 until 2017.


1954 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, The Solveig
Her last American owner, Lawrence "Chip" Wheeler, had her for ten years, during which time he performed a much-needed refit and made modifications to the boat for blue water cruising. In January 2107, she was shipped by container ship from Honolulu to Sydney by the then Commodore of the Halvorsen Club, restored to original lines and is now racing and sailing on Sydney Harbour in a fleet of classic yachts.


1954 Sylvania Television Awards
The 1954 Sylvania Television Awards were presented on November 30, 1954, in New York City. The Sylvania Awards were established by Sylvania Electric Products. The awards were selected by a committee of judges that included Ethel Barrymore, Deems Taylor, and James A. Farley.


1954 Syracuse Orangemen football team
The 1954 Syracuse Orangemen football team represented Syracuse University in the 1954 college football season. The Orangemen were led by sixth-year head coach Ben Schwartzwalder and played their home games at Archbold Stadium in Syracuse, New York. Syracuse finished the season with a 4–4 record and were not invited to a bowl game.


1954 Syrian coup d'état
The 1954 Syrian coup d'état took place in February of that year to overthrow the government of Adib Shishakli. Leading the anti-Shishakli movement were former President Atassi and the veteran Druze leader Sultan al-Atrash.


1954 Syrian coup d'état, Background
Colonel Adib Shishakli came to power by a coup in December 1951, forming a military autocracy. As the leader of Syria, Adib Shishakli recognized the desires of Syria's Arab majority, and accordingly adopted a policy of pan-Arabism. He clashed frequently with the independent-minded Druze minority on the Jabal Druze mountain, accusing them of wanting to topple his government using funds from Jordan, and in 1954 resorted to shelling Druze strongholds to put down resistance to his rule.


1954 Syrian coup d'état, Overthrow of Shishakli
Growing discontent eventually led to a coup, in which Shishakli was overthrown in February 1954. The plotters included members of the Syrian Communist Party, Druze officers, Ba'ath Party members, and possibly had Iraqi backing. He had also arrested many active officers in the Syrian Army, including the rising young Adnan al-Malki, also a prominent Baathist. Leading the anti-Shishakli movement were former President Atassi and the veteran Druze leader Sultan al-Atrash. The largest anti-Shishakli conference had been held in Atassi's home in Homs. Shishakli had responded by arresting Atassi and Atrash's sons, Adnan and Mansur (both of whom were ranking politicians in Syria).


1954 Syrian coup d'état, Overthrow of Shishakli
When the insurgency reached its peak, Shishakli backed down, refusing to drag Syria into civil war. He fled to Lebanon, but when the Druze leader Kamal Jumblat threatened to have him killed, he fled to Brazil.


1954 Syrian coup d'état, Aftermath
After the overthrow of President Shishakli in 1954 coup, he continued political maneuvering supported by competing factions in the military eventually brought Arab nationalist and socialist elements to power. The early years of independence were marked by political instability. Prior to the union between Syria and Egypt in 1958, Shishakli toyed with the idea of returning to Syria to launch a coup d'état, using funds provided by Iraq. The coup was foiled by Syrian intelligence and Shishakli was sentenced to death in absentia.


1954 Syrian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Syria on 24 and 25 September 1954, with a second round held between 4 and 5 October. Independent candidates emerged as the largest bloc in Parliament, whilst the People's Party became the largest single party, with 30 seats. The Muslim Brotherhood did not participate as such. There were 64 independents, of whom some were close to the Muslim Brotherhood or to other parties, which explains the discrepancies in the results in various books, and there were also 9 tribal deputies. Some sources mention 140 deputies in total, other 142.


1954 São Paulo FC season
The 1954 football season was São Paulo's 25th season since club's existence.


1954 TANFL season
The 1954 Tasmanian Australian National Football League (TANFL) premiership season was an Australian Rules football competition staged in Hobart, Tasmania over fifteen (15) roster rounds and four (4) finals series matches between 17 April and 18 September 1954. Hobart Football Club began playing their home fixtures at North Hobart Oval from this season due to a dispute between them, the TANFL and the Tasmanian Cricket Association and its (at that time) more financially influential co-tenant, the Hobart Greyhound Racing Club (HGRC) over the high rental costs incurred to use the TCA Ground for football. Owing to the dispute between all parties the ground did not host any TANFL fixtures until Hobart resumed playing home matches there in 1961.


1954 TANFL season, 1954 TANFL Ladder, Round 15
Note: New Town became the first club to score more than 200 points in a match since Lefroy in 1932, it took until 1979 for it to be broken again.


1954 TANFL season, 1954 TANFL Ladder, Grand Final
Source: All scores and statistics courtesy of the Hobart Mercury publication.


1954 TCU Horned Frogs football team
The 1954 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1954 college football season. The Horned Frogs finished the season 4–6 overall and 1–5 in the Southwest Conference. The team was coached by Abe Martin in his second year as head coach. The Frogs played their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on campus in Fort Worth, Texas.


1954 Taiwanese presidential election
Indirect presidential elections were held in the Republic of China on March 22, 1954 to elect the President and Vice President. The vote took place at the Chung-Shan Hall in Taipei. Incumbent President Chiang Kai-shek was re-elected for the second term. The premier Chen Cheng was elected to be the Vice-President. These were the first elections that took place since the fall of the mainland to Mao Tse-tung's Chinese Communist Party in 1949.


1954 Taiwanese presidential election, Electors
The election was conducted by the National Assembly in its meeting place Chung-Shan Hall in Taipei. According to the Temporary Provisions against the Communist Rebellion, the term of the delegates who were elected during the 1947 Chinese National Assembly election was extended indefinitely until "re-election is possible in their original electoral district". In total, there were 1,578 delegates reported to the secretariat to attend this second session of the first National Assembly.


1954 Taiwanese presidential election, Electors
The 1947 Chinese National Assembly election elected 2,961 delegates for the 3,045 seats of the National Assembly. About half of them did not retreat to Taiwan with the government. The 1,578 delegates reported to this session barely passed the 50% requirement (1,523) of the National Assembly to hold a valid meeting.


1954 Tampa Spartans football team
The 1954 Tampa Spartans football team represented the University of Tampa in the 1954 college football season. It was the Spartans' 18th season. The team was led by head coach Marcelino Huerta, in his third year, and played their home games at Phillips Field in Tampa, Florida. They finished with a record of eight wins and two losses (8–2) and with a victory in the Cigar Bowl over Charleston (WV).


1954 Tangerine Bowl
The 1954 Tangerine Bowl was an American college football bowl game played after the 1953 season, on January 1, 1954, at the Tangerine Bowl stadium in Orlando, Florida. The Arkansas State Indians (now the Arkansas State Red Wolves) tied the East Texas State Lions (now the Texas A&M–Commerce Lions) by a score of 7–7.


1954 Tangerine Bowl, Game summary
The first quarter saw the first score of the game, as Bobby Spann found James Turley on a 20-yard pass for an Arkansas State touchdown. That proved to be the only scoring of the quarter, which finished 7–0. The second quarter and third quarter were scoreless. The scoring drought was ended in the fourth quarter by East Texas State's Billy Ray Norris, on a 1-yard rush. The extra point tied the game at 7–7, and neither team managed to score again.


1954 Tangerine Bowl, Aftermath
The tie ended a streak of 29 consecutive victories by East Texas State. Arkansas State quarterback Bobby Spann was selected as MVP of the game.


1954 Tangerine Bowl, Aftermath
This game was the second tie in Tangerine Bowl history (the first having been the 1949 game), and the third-lowest scoring behind the 1948 game between Catawba and Marshall (finished 7–0) and the 1950 game between Emory & Henry and St. Vincent (finished 7–6). The game's third-place position was soon overtaken, though, as Omaha and Eastern Kentucky finished 7–6 the next year and Juniata and Missouri Valley tied 6–6 the year after that, which put the 1954 edition at the fifth-lowest scoring Tangerine Bowl, a position it maintains to present day (throughout all name-changes and variations of the bowl).


1954 Taça de Portugal Final
The 1954 Taça de Portugal Final was the final match of the 1953–54 Taça de Portugal, the 14th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 27 June 1954 at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Sporting CP and Vitória de Setúbal. Sporting CP defeated Vitória de Setúbal 3–2 to claim their fifth Taça de Portugal.


1954 Team Speedway Polish Championship
1954 Team Speedway Polish Championship season was the seventh season and is used to determine the Team Polish Champion.


1954 Team Speedway Polish Championship, Rules
In First League, matches were played with part two teams, with it playing it matches return. Teams were made up of six drivers plus two reserves. The score of heat: 3–2–1–0. Mecz consisted of 9 heats. For winning a game a team received 2 points, draw – 1 point, loss – 0 points. The drivers from main squads started in match three times. The quantity of small points was added up.


1954 Temple Owls football team
The 1954 Temple Owls football team was an American football team that represented Temple University as an independent during the 1954 college football season. In its sixth and final season under head coach Albert Kawal, the team compiled a 3–5 record. The team played its home games at Temple Stadium in Philadelphia.


1954 Tennessee A&I Tigers football team
The 1954 Tennessee A&I Tigers football team represented Tennessee Agricultural & Industrial State College as a member of the Midwest Athletic Association (MAA) during the 1954 college football season. In their fourth and final season under head coach Henry Kean, the Tigers compiled a 10–1 record, won the MAA championship, lost to North Carolina Central in the National Classic, and outscored all opponents by a total of 330 to 70.


1954 Tennessee A&I Tigers football team
The team was selected by the "Pigskin Huddle" as the 1954 black college national champion. The Pittsburgh Courier selected the Tigers as black college national co-champion in a five-way tie with four other teams.


1954 Tennessee A&I Tigers football team
Coach Kean suffered a double heart attack following the team's December 4 game with North Carolina Central. He did not return as the team's coach and died one year later in December 1955.


1954 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1954 Tennessee Volunteers (variously Tennessee, UT, or the Vols) represented the University of Tennessee in the 1954 college football season. Playing as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), the team was led by head coach Harvey Robinson, in his second year, and played their home games at Shields–Watkins Field in Knoxville, Tennessee. They finished the season with a record of four wins and six losses (4–6 overall, 1–5 in the SEC).


1954 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 1954 Tennessee gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1954. Incumbent Democrat Frank G. Clement defeated Independent John Randolph Neal Jr. with 87.20% of the vote.


1954 Texas A&M Aggies football team
The 1954 Texas A&M Aggies football team represented Texas A&M University in the 1954 college football season as a member of the Southwest Conference (SWC). The Aggies were led by head coach Bear Bryant in his first season and finished with a record of one win and nine losses (1–9 overall, 0–6 in the SWC). This squad became known as the Junction Boys.


1954 Texas Longhorns football team
The 1954 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin during the 1954 college football season. On October 2, 1954, Duke Washington became the first African-American to play in Memorial Stadium. Washington scored on a 73-yard run in the second quarter, but Texas won the game, 40–14.


1954 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team
The 1954 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team represented Texas Tech during the 1954 college football season.


1954 Texas Western Miners football team
The 1954 Texas Western Miners football team was an American football team that represented Texas Western College (now known as University of Texas at El Paso) as a member of the Border Conference during the 1954 college football season. In its fifth season under head coach Mike Brumbelow, the team compiled an 8–3 record (4–2 against Border Conference opponents), finished third in the conference, defeated Florida State in the 1954 Sun Bowl, and outscored all opponents by a total of 290 to 197.


1954 Texas gubernatorial election
The 1954 Texas gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1954, to elect the Governor of Texas. Incumbent Democratic Governor Allan Shivers was overwhelmingly reelected in the general election after defeating future Senator Ralph Yarborough in the Democratic primary.


1954 The Citadel Bulldogs football team
The 1954 The Citadel Bulldogs football team represented The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina in the 1954 college football season. John D. McMillan served as head coach for the second season. The Bulldogs played as members of the Southern Conference and played home games at Johnson Hagood Stadium.


1954 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1954 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 64th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship began on 22 August 1954 and ended on 3 October 1954.


1954 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
On 3 October 1954, Holycross-Ballycahill won the championship after a 6-05 to 2-03 defeat of Roscrea in the final at Thurles Sportsfield. It was their third championship title overall and their first title since 1951.


1954 Titleholders Championship
The 1954 Titleholders Championship was contested from March 11–14 at Augusta Country Club. It was the 15th edition of the Titleholders Championship.


1954 Toledo Rockets football team
The 1954 Toledo Rockets football team was an American football team that represented Toledo University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1954 college football season. In their first season under head coach Forrest England, the Rockets compiled a 6–2–1 record (3–4 against MAC opponents), finished in fourth place in the MAC, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 205 to 113.


1954 Toledo Rockets football team
The team's statistical leaders included Jerry Nowak with 393 passing yards, Mel Triplett with 803 rushing yards, and  Dick Basich with 255 receiving yards.


1954 Tongan general election
General elections were held in Tonga on 28 May 1954. An amended electoral law had been passed in 1951 to allow women to vote for the first time in the elections; however, a technical error in the legislation was discovered that meant the franchise could not be extended in time to take effect for the 1954 elections.


1954 Tongan general election, Electoral system
The Legislative Assembly had seven directly-elected members; three representing Tongatapu and nearby islands, two representing Haʻapai and two representing Vavaʻu and nearby islands.. A further seven members were elected by the nobility based on the same constituencies, seven ministers (including the governors of Haʻapai and Vavaʻu) and a Speaker chosen by the monarch, Sālote Tupou III.


1954 Torneo Godó
The 1954 Torneo Godó was the second edition of the Torneo Godó annual tennis tournament played on clay courts in Barcelona, Spain. It took place from May 11–16, 1954.


1954 Torneo di Viareggio
The 1954 winners of the Torneo di Viareggio (in English, the Viareggio Tournament, officially the Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale), the annual youth football tournament held in Viareggio, Tuscany, are listed below.


1954 Torneo di Viareggio, Format
The 16 teams are organized in knockout rounds, all played single tie.


1954 Toronto Argonauts season
The 1954 Toronto Argonauts finished in third place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 6–8 record and failed to make the playoffs.


1954 Toronto municipal election
Municipal elections were held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on December 6, 1954. Incumbent mayor Leslie Saunders was defeated by Nathan Phillips in a close contest.


1954 Toronto municipal election, Toronto mayor
Controller Leslie Saunders had been appointed mayor after the resignation of Allan Lamport, who left to work with the Toronto Transit Commission. He was challenged by Nathan Phillips, a longtime city councilor who had made a previous attempt to win the mayoralty. Phillips was Jewish, a sharp departure from the standard for Toronto mayors, who for decades had been Protestant Orange Order members.


1954 Toronto municipal election, Toronto mayor
Phillips' religion was an important issue in the election. Saunders publicly proclaimed he was running as "Leslie Saunders, Protestant". Saunders was a leader of the Orange Order and the publisher of the radical monthly newspaper Protestant Action. His anti-Catholicism and proclamations that Toronto was a "Protestant city" had caused controversy in the past. One of his first acts after ascending to the mayoralty was to issue an official proclamation commemorating The Twelfth, the anniversary of the victory of William of Orange over the Irish.


1954 Toronto municipal election, Toronto mayor
A second controversy arose during the election when Brown released accusation about room 1735 in the Royal York hotel. He argued that the room was a secret entertainment suite paid for by the city for the use of the mayor. Saunders claims that it was rented by Mayor Lamport and that he was totally unaware of the suite. Nonetheless the scandal hurt his reelection bid.


1954 Toronto municipal election, Toronto mayor
Also running was former school board head Arthur Brown, who had previously come close to defeating Lamport for the job, and who had the support of the Globe and Mail newspaper. The Toronto Star and the Telegram both supported Phillips. Saunders in his memoirs accuses Brown of splitting the "Christian and Gentile vote" and getting Phillips elected.


1954 Toronto municipal election, Toronto mayor
The fourth candidate was Communist A. A. MacLeod, former Labor-Progressive Party M.P.P in the Ontario legislature for Bellwoods.


1954 Toronto municipal election, Board of Control
Saunders' appointment to the mayoralty led to the appointment of Alderman Ross Lipsett to the Board of Control. This controversially passed over former Alderman Joseph Cornish, who had finished fifth in the 1953 election. In the 1954 election, Cornish displaced Lipsett to win the fourth and final seat on the Board. The most senior two Controllers in terms of votes also sat on Metro Toronto Council.


1954 Toronto municipal election, City council
Two aldermen were elected per Ward. The alderman with the most votes was declared Senior Alderman and sat on both Toronto City Council and Metro Council.


1954 Toronto municipal election, City council
Results are taken from the December 7, 1954 Toronto Star and might not exactly match final tallies.