1949 New Mexico A&M Aggies football team
The 1949 New Mexico A&M Aggies football team was an American football team that represented New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts (now known as New Mexico State University) as a member of the Border Conference during the 1949 college football season. In their second year under head coach Vaughn Corley, the Aggies compiled a 4–6 record (1–4 against conference opponents), finished seventh in the conference, and were outscored by a total of 315 to 265. The team played its home games on Quesenberry Field.


1949 New Mexico Lobos football team
The 1949 New Mexico Lobos football team represented the University of New Mexico in the Border Conference during the 1949 college football season. In their third and final season under head coach Berl Huffman, the Lobos compiled a 2–8 record (1–6 against conference opponents), finished eighth in the Border Conference, and were outscored by opponents by a total of 307 to 98.


1949 New Year Honours
The 1949 New Year Honours were appointments by many of the Commonwealth realms of King George VI to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. They were announced in supplements to the London Gazette of 31 December 1948 for the British Empire, New Zealand, India, and Ceylon to celebrate the past year and mark the beginning of 1949.


1949 New Year Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1949 New Year Honours, British Empire, Royal Victorian Order, Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO)
At this time the two lowest classes of the Royal Victorian Order were "Member (fourth class)" and "Member (fifth class)", both with post-nominal letters MVO. "Member (fourth class)" was renamed "Lieutenant" (LVO) from the 1985 New Year Honours onwards.


1949 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The 1949 New Year Honours in New Zealand were appointments by King George VI on the advice of the New Zealand government to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders, and to celebrate the passing of 1948 and the beginning of 1949. They were announced on 1 January 1949.


1949 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.


1949 New York Bulldogs season
The 1949 New York Bulldogs season was their first season in New York in the National Football League (NFL), and the continuation of the Dayton Triangles franchise, after having played the previous five years as the Boston Yanks, and last as the Bulldogs (subsequently becoming the New York Yanks). They finished 1–10–1, last place in the Eastern Division and the worst record in the ten-team league.


1949 New York Bulldogs season
The head coach was Charley Ewart, previously the general manager (and backfield coach) for the Philadelphia Eagles who played college football at Yale. Signed to a three-year contract, he resigned the day after the regular season's final game, a 27–0 home loss to Pittsburgh with just over 4,000 in attendance.


1949 New York Bulldogs season, NFL Draft
Halfback Doak Walker was selected as a "future pick" after his Heisman Trophy-winning junior season, but he stayed at SMU for his senior season in 1949. (He missed the 1946 season due to military service.) Walker's draft rights were traded to the Detroit Lions, where his hall of fame career began in 1950.


1949 New York Bulldogs season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1949 New York City brewery strike
The 1949 New York City brewery strike was a labor strike involving approximately 7,000 brewery workers from New York City. The strike began on April 1 of that year after a labor contract between 7 local unions of the Brewery Workers Union and the Brewers Board of Trade (which collectively represented 14 city-based brewing companies) expired without a replacement. The primary issue was over the number of workers on board delivery trucks, with the union wanting two workers per truck as opposed to the companies' standard one person per truck. Additional issues regarded higher wages and reduced working hours for the union members, among other minor issues.


1949 New York City brewery strike
The strike saw production at the New York City-based breweries immediately halted, and a beer shortage in the city soon began. Beer from outside the city, including New Jersey and the Midwest, was soon shipped in as the strike continued for several weeks. During the strike, three of the breweries resumed production after agreeing to independent deals with their workers, while the Brewery Workers Union was joined by two other local unions. On June 21, the strike ended with the workers and companies agreeing to a new labor contract that addressed many of the workers' concerns.


1949 New York City brewery strike
The strike had an immediate economic impact on the New York City-based breweries, costing the companies approximately $75 million in gross sales. The strike and subsequent lack of local beer also allowed other American brands to gain a foothold in the New York City market, and local brewers increased their advertising to stay competitive. By 1952, there were only 4 local breweries left in the city, which at one time was one of the major brewing center of the United States.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Background, Brewing in New York City
New York City historically was a major center of beer production in the United States. In 1898, the borough of Brooklyn was home to 48 breweries, and during their height, two of the largest Brooklyn-based brewing companies (the F. & M. Schaefer Brewing Company and S. Liebmann & Sons) both annually produced over 2 million barrels of beer. In 1949, approximately 7,000 brewery workers in the city were members of the United Brewery, Flour, Cereal and Soft Drink Workers Union (also simply known as the Brewery Workers Union), an affiliate union of the Congress of Industrial Organizations.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Background, Brewing in New York City
According to a union representative, the workers represented included all levels of workers except salesmen and white-collar workers. These union members, organized into 7 different local unions, worked for 14 major brewing companies in the city and were collectively part of a labor contract between the union and the Brewers Board of Trade, of which the brewing companies were members. These companies included the 10 following breweries:


1949 New York City brewery strike, Background, Brewing in New York City
Additionally, four distributors for the companies Anheuser-Busch, Ballantine, Schlitz, and West End were a part of this board. Many of these companies were located in Brooklyn.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Background, Labor contract disputes
The contract between the union and companies was set to expire at midnight on March 31 of that year, and in the month leading up to that, representatives from both sides met in several rounds of negotiations to discuss the contents of a new deal. However, these talks were bogged down, as the two sides could not agree to the provisions of the contract. In particular, union officials were pushing for an $8.50 weekly raise to the base $71 weekly pay.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Background, Labor contract disputes
Workers also wanted a five-hour reduction to their 40-hour work weeks, the addition of an extra man on delivery trucks operated by only one person, and a pension plan. Additional points of contention concerned job security and workplace safety. According to union counsel Paul O'Dwyer (brother to then-New York City Mayor William O'Dwyer), the main issue concerning the union members was that "there are too many injuries because the men are forced to move the machines too fast and to handle excessive weights without aid on delivery".


1949 New York City brewery strike, Background, Labor contract disputes
O'Dwyer also claimed that 20 brewery workers had been killed on the job in New York City over the previous four years and that injuries and workplace hazards had increased. However, a representative of the brewers objected to these claims, arguing that the brewery workers had a good safety record. Additionally, he alleged that the $8.50 raise was unrealistic and that the union had not submitted a counterproposal to the Brewers Board's $2 per week raise counteroffer.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Background, Labor contract disputes
On March 25, union members voted on whether or not to perform a strike action sometime after April 1 if a contract were not agreed to by then. Additionally, on March 27, union members voted by acclamation to request approval from the union's international officials to call a strike after the contract expired. Following this, a vote to approve strike action was held in a closed meeting on March 31.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Background, Labor contract disputes
As the expiration date loomed, company and union officials continued to meet and discuss contract proposals, and immediately prior to the contract's expiration, the two parties had been engaged in a 12-hour long Federal mediation session which still failed to achieve a new deal. The strike action would be the second in 5 months for the New York City brewers, as the union led a 29-day strike in October and November 1948 after several delivery drivers were suspended and fired for not meeting company-imposed delivery schedules. As no deal had been reached by the current deal's expiration, the strike commenced at 2:05 a.m. on April 1, 1949.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Initial picketing
Picketing commenced on the first day of the strike, with approximately 50 strikers picketing outside Schaefer's plant and an equal number at the Liebmann brewery (the producers of Rheingold Beer). Several strikers also picketed at the Edelbrew Brewery and the George Ehret Brewery. Representatives of both Liebmann and Edelbrew announced they would not be shipping out their products that day, and police were informed to be alert for any disturbances at the city's breweries. In total, production at all 14 breweries was shut down.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Initial picketing
That same day, approximately 3,000 brewery workers in nearby New Jersey, organized under the American Federation of Labor (AFL), were also threatening strike action after their contract had expired the same day, similarly without a replacement agreement between them and five major breweries in the state. On April 2, the Brooklyn Eagle reported that a beer shortage could be expected in New York City within 10 days. Union officials argued that this number was closer to a week, while company representatives claimed it would be two weeks before a shortage.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Initial picketing
That same day, the New Jersey Brewers Association, during negotiations with the New Jersey union (Bottled Beer Drivers and Beer Bottlers Local 843) agreed to grant them the same terms as any agreement reached between the New York City union and brewers association. As a result, strike action in New Jersey was postponed.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Initial picketing
On April 3, strikers stationed at the Holland Tunnel and George Washington Bridge talked to beer truck delivery drivers coming into the city from New Jersey and convinced them to turn around, honoring their strike. That same day, shop stewards and the executive boards for the 7 local unions in New York voted to allow beer distribution in the city only if there were two people on each truck, that their work weeks consisted of 35 hours, and that they weren't transporting beer from any of the breweries affected by the strike.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Initial picketing
On April 4, union and company representatives met in Manhattan as part of negotiations overseen by the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Services. While the negotiations did not lead to an agreement between the Board of Trade and the union, a separate agreement was made the following day with 200 unionized workers at the Ebling Brewing Company in the Bronx. As part of the agreement, Ebling agreed to the 35 hour work week and the two workers per truck rule and further agreed to incorporate any further agreements made between the union and board. A news article published after the agreement stated that 6,750 brewery workers in the city remained on strike.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Out-of-state deliveries begin
Federal discussions resumed on April 6. On April 7, Brewery Workers officials announced that they would cease picketing at the Holland Tunnel and George Washington Bridge and allow trucks from the P. Ballantine and Sons Brewing Company (described by the union as New York brewers' "largest competitor") to deliver beer into New York City. However, brewers from New Jersey withheld shipping their beer to New York City, claiming fears of possible violence or strike action if they did.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Out-of-state deliveries begin
Several days later, the Brewery Workers Union offered to provide escorts for the New Jersey delivery drivers and alleged that the brewers' decision to not ship beer into the city was part of a national union busting ploy on the part of the brewing companies. O'Dwyer even went so far as to call out the United States Brewers Foundation and accuse them of monopolistic practices, which the brewers denied. Around this same time, strikers were involved in an altercation in Brooklyn during a picket when they attempted to prevent the unloading of beer shipped into the city from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Along with Pennsylvania, some bars in the city were shipping in beer from areas such as Connecticut and upstate New York.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Out-of-state deliveries begin
On April 9, it was reported that over 200 bars were empty of beer, with restaurant leaders in the city claiming that up to 40% of establishments could be without beer by the middle of that week. On April 11 and 12, the union and brewers met again with Federal mediators and again could not reach an agreement. Several days later on April 14, the New Jersey brewers reneged on their decision and began to ship beer into the city.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Out-of-state deliveries begin
It's estimated that on that day, 10,000 barrels of beer were shipped into the city, over three times the average amount. That night, strikers held a rally at St. Nicholas Arena where they announced that the strike would continue as the union rejected the brewers' $3 weekly raise proposal. Additionally, it was announced that 400 members of the International Association of Machinists (IAM), a national independent union, would also begin a work stoppage against the 13 breweries.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Out-of-state deliveries begin
On April 16, the Edelbrew Brewery in Brooklyn announced that they had come to an agreement with the 250 workers at that plant, reducing the number of brewers involved in the strike to 12. The agreement reached with the company included the two person per truck rule and a 35-hour week. The following day, Metropolis Brewery became the third brewery to sign a back-to-work agreement with their workers.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Out-of-state deliveries begin
On April 26, Schaefer announced that, due to the strike, they would be temporarily closing all their buildings for the duration of the work stoppage. This move affected about 100 clerical workers at the company. By this time, the AFL's International Union of Operating Engineers (IUOE) had joined the Brewery Workers and IAM in striking against the 11 breweries. The following day, Liebmann announced they would also be closing, affecting a similar number of clerical workers as at Schaefer. In both cases, the clerical workers were furloughed with pay. In addition to the IUOE, another AFL union, the Firemen and Oilers Union Local 56, would also join the strike by its end.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Agreement reached
On May 23, the New Jersey brewers came to an agreement on a new labor contract with the brewery workers in that state. As part of the agreement, the workers received a wage increase that would be retroactive from April 1, while working hours, holidays, and bargaining rights remained the same. The next day, the New York City brewery workers rejected an offer that was similar to the New Jersey deal, which would have seen hourly wage increases of between $0.35 to $0.40, a $175 bonus, a 40-hour week, and other benefits.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Agreement reached
On June 2, the Brooklyn Eagle reported that brewery workers on strike accounted for nearly half of the increase in the number of people in the city applying for unemployment benefits. The strike at this point had been ongoing for 8 weeks, the required waiting period for striking workers to file for unemployment. However, by June 4, it was reported that a deal was close to being reached between company and union representatives, with a meeting held that night at the Commodore Hotel aimed at settling small disagreements.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Agreement reached
Among the settlements, the brewers announced that the two people per truck rule would be adopted at all breweries. Despite this, talks continued on through the week. However, by June 11, a tentative agreement had been made between CIO and the Brewers Board of Trade. Provisions of the agreement included a 37.5-hour work week, a base weekly pay raise of $2, and eight paid holidays, among other benefits. In addition, two people would be on delivery trucks if it is "operationally feasible" for the individual breweries. Following the agreement, it was submitted for a ratification vote by union members.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Agreement reached
However, on June 14 it was reported that union members had voted to reject the proposal, with one local reporting that 92% of voters were opposed. With this, union members elected to continue the strike for their original demands, which included an $8.50 weekly raise and the assurance of two men per truck. The Brewer Board of Trade did not immediately comment on the rejection, instead saying they would "study the significance of their rejection". Following the rejection, the brewers announced on June 15 that they would no longer be making any concessions to the strikers, who they alleged were solely responsible for the $40 million in lost sales they had experienced at that point due to the strike.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Course of the strike, Agreement reached
In the days after the rejection, union and company officials again continued to meet in negotiations, and a new agreement was drafted that was submitted by vote to the union members. On June 21, with over 90% voting in favor, the union announced an end to the strike. The terms of the agreement maintained the $2 weekly raise and 37.5-hour workweek, but broadened the scope of the two men per truck rule to include approximately 96% of all delivery trucks. Additionally, the workers were guaranteed a pension plan and, according to the Brooklyn Eagle, "the maximum union security allowed under the law". With the agreement in place, workers returned to the breweries the following day, with beer shipments resuming on June 23.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Aftermath
The strike had an immediate impact on the brewing industry in New York City. In terms of direct financial damage, it is estimated that the strike caused $75 million loss in gross sales for the local companies. Additionally, the lack of local beer during the months of May and June (when, usually, New York City-based breweries would produce approximately 31,000,000 US gallons (120,000,000 l) of beer) allowed brewers from the Midwest to gain a foothold in the city. Brands such as Blatz and Budweiser became popular, and that year, Wisconsin overtook New York as the leading beer-producing state in the country. In an effort to compete against these new brands, many of the local companies significantly increased their advertising budget.


1949 New York City brewery strike, Aftermath
One New York City-based brewery that was especially hurt by the strike was Trommer's. During the strike, the company's unique strain of yeast died, and afterwards, the company started using a new strain, which fans of the brand said changed the flavor. By 1951, the company had been sold to Piel's, and the company's Brooklyn brewery was shut down in 1955. By 1952, only four breweries remained in New York City. As late as 1960, however, approximately 10% of all beer produced in the United States was still being made in New York City. By 1976 though, both Schaefer and Liebmann (the last two breweries in Brooklyn) closed their remaining facilities.


1949 New York City mayoral election
The New York City mayoral election of 1949 took place on November 8, 1949 in New York City. The candidates were incumbent Mayor William O'Dwyer, a Democrat, and former City Council President and 1945 mayoral candidate Newbold Morris, a Republican, as well as other, third-party candidates. Morris was also the nominee of the Liberal Party, and additionally ran on the City Fusion ballot line.


1949 New York City taxicab strike
The 1949 New York City taxicab strike was a labor strike involving taxicab drivers in New York City. The strike was the result of union organization efforts carried out by a local union of the United Mine Workers who were seeking union recognition and pay increases for taxicab drivers in the city. The strike started on April 1, 1949 and was initially successful in shutting down approximately 80% of taxicab operations in the city. However, after several days, taxicab operators used strikebreakers and countered the effectiveness of the strike. The UMW officially ended the strike on April 8. Historian Graham Russell Gao Hodges claims that the UMW's mismanagement of the strike was the primary reason for its failure and states that the strike "did not result in any positive results" for the strikers.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Background
New York City (NYC) in 1949 was home to over 11,000 taxicabs and approximately 32,000 licensed drivers. Several thousand drivers were members of Local 35 of the Taxi Workers Organizing Committee, an affiliate union of the United Mine Workers (UMW). Following World War II, the UMW had increased its unionization efforts among NYC taxi drivers who, unlike workers in other industries in the city, did not have a long history of worker organization. As part of their organization effort, the UMW pushed for taxicab fleet owners to recognize the union.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Background
Additionally, they wanted them to agree to labor contracts that included demands such as a standard five-day workweek of nine-hour days and daily wages of $9 for day drivers and $11 for night drivers. Additional demands included an insurance and welfare plan offered by the fleet owners and some changes to work rules, among other employee benefits. However, neither side could come to an agreement, with fleet owners arguing that the union did not represent the majority of their workers. This claim is somewhat supported by historian Graham Russell Gao Hodges who, in a 2007 book, stated that less than half of the 32,000 licensed drivers were active.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Background
By March 1949, the UMW called for strike action if the fleet operators didn't agree to their terms. On March 30, 2,000 day drivers voted to approve strike action, joining 3,300 night drivers who had earlier approved of a strike that would start on April 1. The New York City Police Department made plans for the strike, as a previous taxicab strike action in 1934 had led to violence in the city. The department added an extra 3,250 officers to street patrols in preparation for the strike.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Background
On March 31, New York City Mayor William O'Dwyer ordered 2,000 police officers on strike duty. At this time, several operators stated they would not be operating during the course of the strike, with one representative accusing the union of bringing in "goons" from Virginia. A union representative rebutted that, while 100 organizers had been brought in to assist the union during the strike, they were not there for violence. That same day, Mayor O'Dwyer hosted negotiations between the two sides at New York City Hall in an attempt to prevent a strike, but no deal was reached. In particular, the taxicab operators refused to immediately recognize the union without a State Labor Relations Board vote. Following this, the mayor spoke about the impending strike on radio where he warned both sides that violence would not be tolerated.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Course of the strike
The strike began at 4:30 a.m. on April 1. By 8 a.m., there were only 701 taxicabs operating in the city, with 76 of those in Brooklyn. As there were 11,510 taxicabs in the city at this time, with approximately 6,000 operating on average, the Brooklyn Eagle reported that the walkout was approximately 90% effective. Shortly after the start of the strike, the union alleged that the operators were giving strikebreakers guns in order to intimidate union members, with a union representative claiming they had an affidavit from an individual who had been given a gun for strikebreaking.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Course of the strike
Picket lines were organized outside of several taxicab garages, and 9 strikers (4 in Brooklyn and 5 in Manhattan) were arrested for loitering and threats of violence. By the second day, the Brooklyn Eagle reported that the strike was still approximately 90% effective, while the union claimed that 97% of the city's taxicabs were not operating. Also by April 2, 24 arrests had been made, but the expected violence had not yet materialized. Four strikers in Brooklyn were arrested on charges of heckling a non-striking cab driver and causing a traffic collision.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Course of the strike
Nightclub owners in the city reported a 50% decrease in business due to the strike and lack of taxis. By April 3, the total number of arrests made was 42. Additionally, over 1,000 taxicabs were operating in the city, with operators claiming they had broken the strike and that over 5,000 vehicles would be in operation the next day. Also on April 3, one operator was able to get an injunction issued against the UMW by the Manhattan Supreme Court that limited picketing at their facilities.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Course of the strike
On April 4, taxicab operations had returned to 40% of their pre-strike rate, and following this, the head of Local 35 resigned from his post. That same day, union representatives informed Mayor O'Dwyer of their willingness to seek an election with the State Labor Relations Board. Late in the day on April 8, union officials officially ended the strike.


1949 New York City taxicab strike, Aftermath
Following the strike, union officials accused Mayor O'Dwyer of strikebreaking and abandoning union members after promising them his support, which he denied. Brooklyn politician Abe Stark also accused O'Dwyer of using heavy-handed tactics to end the strike. On the part of the union, historian Graham Russell Gao Hodges claimed that the UMW made mistakes by not offering strike pay for the cab drivers and not contributing more financial backing for the strike. Additionally, the union failed to reach out to cab drivers about their particular grievances with the taxicab operators, such as the lack of vacation time. Ultimately, Hodges claims that the strike "did not result in any positive results" for the workers.


1949 New York Film Critics Circle Awards
The 15th New York Film Critics Circle Awards, honored the best filmmaking of 1949.


1949 New York Giants (MLB) season
The 1949 New York Giants season was the franchise's 67th season. The team finished in fifth place in the National League with a 73-81 record, 24 games behind the Brooklyn Dodgers. The games were now broadcast on the then new station WPIX-TV, which was launched the year before.


1949 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1949 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1949 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1949 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1949 New York Giants (MLB) season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1949 New York Giants season
The 1949 New York Giants season was the franchise's 25th season in the National Football League.


1949 New York Giants season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1949 New York Yankees (AAFC) season
The 1949 New York Yankees season was their fourth and final in the All-America Football Conference. The team improved on their previous output of 6-8, winning eight games. They lost to the San Francisco 49ers in the first round of the playoffs and the team folded with the league after the season.


1949 New York Yankees season
The 1949 New York Yankees season was the team's 47th season in New York, and its 49th season overall. The team finished with a record of 97–57, winning their 16th pennant, finishing 1 game ahead of the Boston Red Sox. New York was managed by Casey Stengel in his first year. The Yankees played their home games at Yankee Stadium. In the World Series, they defeated the Brooklyn Dodgers in 5 games.


1949 New York Yankees season, Regular season
The 1949 Yankees team was seen as "underdogs" who came from behind to catch and surprise the powerful Red Sox on the last two days of the season, a face off that fueled the beginning of the modern Yankees – Red Sox rivalry.


1949 New York Yankees season, Regular season
The Red Sox needed just one win in two games and were to pitch Mel Parnell in the first game. After trailing 4–0, the Yankees came back to beat Parnell 5–4, as Johnny Lindell hit an eighth-inning, game-winning, home run and Joe Page had a great relief appearance for New York. And so it came down to the last game of the season. It was Ellis Kinder facing Vic Raschi.


1949 New York Yankees season, Regular season
The Yankees led 1–0 after seven innings, having scored in the first. In the eighth inning, manager Joe McCarthy lifted Kinder for a pinch hitter who did not come through. Then he brought in Mel Parnell in relief, and Parnell yielded a homer to Tommy Henrich and a single to Yogi Berra. Parnell was replaced by Tex Hughson, who had been on the disabled list and said his arm still hurt.


1949 New York Yankees season, Regular season
But he came on and, with the bases loaded, Jerry Coleman hit a soft liner that Al Zarilla in right field tried to make a shoestring catch, but he missed and it went for a triple and three runs. In the ninth inning the Red Sox rallied for three runs but still fell short. The post-season proved to be a bit easier, as the Yankees defeated the Brooklyn Dodgers four games to one.


1949 New York Yankees season, Regular season
In 1949, Boston Red Sox owner Tom Yawkey and Yankees GM Larry MacPhail verbally agreed to trade DiMaggio for Ted Williams, but MacPhail refused to include Yogi Berra. Phil Rizzuto moved from eighth to first in the batting lineup and finished the season second in voting for the American League MVP Award.


1949 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1949 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1949 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1949 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1949 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1949 New York Yankees season, 1949 World Series
AL New York Yankees (4) vs. NL Brooklyn Dodgers (1)


1949 New York state election
The 1949 New York state election was held on November 8, 1949, to elect a judge of the New York Court of Appeals and a U.S. Senator.


1949 New York state election, Background
On November 18, 1948, Thomas D. Thacher resigned from the New York Court of Appeals. On January 14, 1949, Bruce Bromley was appointed by Governor Thomas E. Dewey to fill the vacancy temporarily.


1949 New York state election, Background
On June 28, 1949, Robert F. Wagner resigned from the U.S. Senate, due to ill health. On July 7, John Foster Dulles was appointed by Governor Dewey to fill the vacancy temporarily.


1949 New York state election, Nominations
The Republican State Committee nominated the incumbents Dulles and Bromley to succeed themselves.


1949 New York state election, Nominations
The Democratic State Committee nominated Ex-Governor Herbert H. Lehman (in office 1933-1942) for the U.S. Senate and Supreme Court Justice Charles W. Froessel for the Court of Appeals.


1949 New York state election, Nominations
The Liberal Party endorsed the Democratic nominees Lehman and Froessel.


1949 New York state election, Nominations
The American Labor Party made no nominations and urged its members not to vote for any candidate.


1949 New York state election, Result
The Democratic/Liberal ticket was elected. The incumbents Dulles and Bromley were defeated.


1949 New Zealand Māori rugby union tour of Australia
The 1949 New Zealand Māori rugby union tour was a collection of rugby union games undertaken by the New Zealand Māori against invitational and national teams of Australia.


1949 New Zealand Māori rugby union tour of Australia
The Maoris plays 11 match, winning 9 of them and losing only one (1 tied).


1949 New Zealand Māori rugby union tour of Australia
Three test matches against Australia were played. The victory in the first match against the "Wallabies" was clamorous and the Australian coach Johnny Wallace was fired. The new coach was Bill McLean, historical captain of the 1947-48 tour in Europe. For the first time, the Australian team was directed by a coach from Queensland and not from New South Wales.


1949 New Zealand gambling referendum
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Number 57 (talk | contribs) at 23:36, 17 March 2020 (Ref wording). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1949 New Zealand gambling referendum
A referendum on gambling was held in New Zealand on 9 March 1949. Voters were asked whether off-course betting on horse races should be allowed. It was approved, with 68% in favour. Voter turnout was 54.3%. The referendum was held in conjunction with the 1949 New Zealand licensing hours referendum.


1949 New Zealand general election
The 1949 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 29th term. It saw the governing Labour Party defeated by the opposition National Party. This marked the end of the First Labour government and the beginning of the First National government.


1949 New Zealand general election, Background
The Labour Party had formed its first ministry after winning the 1935 election, and had remained in power (with gradually decreasing majorities) since then. The National Party, formed by a merger of the parties which Labour had originally ousted, gradually increased its power in Parliament; the ineffectual Adam Hamilton was replaced by Sidney Holland, and internal disputes were gradually resolved. The Prime Minister, Peter Fraser, was increasingly weary. Ongoing shortages after World War II also eroded public support for the government. The National Party's decision not to repeal Labour's social welfare policies also increased its appeal.


1949 New Zealand general election, The election
The date for the main elections was a Wednesday 30 November. Elections to the four Māori electorates were held the day before—the 1949 elections were the last in which Māori voted on a different day. 1,113,852 people were registered to vote, although rolls for the Māori electorates were "woefully inadequate." Voter turnout for the elections is disputed, given the problems with the Māori roll—some sources place it at 93.5 percent, while others estimate 92.9 percent. Regardless, the turnout was relatively high for the time. The number of seats being contested was 80, a number which had been fixed since 1902.


1949 New Zealand general election, Election results, Party standings
The 1949 election saw the governing Labour Party defeated by a twelve-seat margin. It has previously held a four-seat majority. Labour won a total of 34 seats, as opposed to National's 46. The popular vote was considerably closer—Labour won 47.2 percent to National's 51.9 percent. No seats were won by minor party candidates or by independents.


1949 New Zealand general election, Election results, Party standings
John A. Lee stood for Grey Lynn as the sole Democratic Labour candidate and got 2,627 votes, coming third.


1949 New Zealand general election, Election results, Initial MPs
The table below shows the results of the 1949 general election:


1949 New Zealand licensing hours referendum
A referendum on the hours for the sale of liquor in hotel bars was held in New Zealand on 9 March 1949. Voters were asked whether they favoured continuing the closing of hotel bars at 6 pm or extending the closing time to 10 pm. The change was rejected by 75.5% of voters.


1949 New Zealand licensing hours referendum
This referendum voted to continue six o'clock closing of hotel bars, which had been introduced in 1917, and the six o'clock swill. The Sale of Liquor referendum, 1967 approved the extension of hotel hours.


1949 New Zealand licensing hours referendum
The referendum was held in conjunction with the 1949 New Zealand gambling referendum.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season
The 1949 New Zealand rugby league season was the 42nd season of rugby league that had been played in New Zealand.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
New Zealand drew a series against Australia, 1-all. New Zealand were coached by Thomas McClymont and included; Warwick Clarke, Dave Redmond, Maurie Robertson, Tommy Baxter, Bill McKenzie, Abbie Graham, Jack Russell-Green, captain Pat Smith, Bob Aynsley, John Newton, Clarence Hurndell, Charlie McBride, Travers Hardwick, Len Jordan, George Davidson and Ron Westerby.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
Australia opened the tour with a 33-7 defeat of South Auckland, before a 39-14 win over the West Coast. The South Island then lost 8-38 to Australia at Monica Park. South Island included Bill McKenzie, Len Brown, George Menzies, Jimmy Haig, Pat Smith, Bob Aynsley, John Newton, Lory Blanchard, Charlie McBride and Alister Atkinson.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
Australia then defeated Southern Provinces 17-15 before a 33-0 victory over the New Zealand Māori side. Auckland then lost to Australia 18-36 at Carlaw Park. Auckland included Warwick Clarke, Dave Redmond, Tommy Baxter, Maurie Robertson, Doug Anderson, Abbie Graham, Jack Russell-Green, Clarence Hurndell, George Davidson, Bill Spence, Ra Rogers, Graham Burgoyne and Allen Laird. Australia then defeated Northern Provinces 39-9.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
An Auckland Colts team also lost to Australia 16-30. Agreed to as the tenth and final match of the tour, the Colts did not have a chance to train together before the match. The Colts included Des White and Ray Cranch.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Northern Union Cup
Wellington again held the Northern Union Cup at the end of the season.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Inter-district competition
Auckland defeated the West Coast 9-3. Auckland included Maurie Robertson and Tommy Baxter while the West Coast included Frank Mulcare and George Menzies.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Inter-district competition
Canterbury were coached by Jim Amos and included Joe Duke, Alister Atkinson, Lory Blanchard, Pat Smith, Bill McKenzie, Len Brown and Jimmy Haig.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Richmond won the Auckland Rugby League's Fox Memorial Trophy, Rukutai Shield, Roope Rooster and Stormont Shield. Ellerslie won the Sharman Cup while Ponsonby won the Norton Cup.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Len Jordan came out of retirement to help his Ponsonby club.


1949 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Ron McGregor was named the Auckland Rugby League's secretary, replacing Ivan Culpan.


1949 New Zealand rugby union tour of South Africa
1949 saw the second full tour of South Africa by a representative New Zealand rugby union team (the New Zealand national rugby union team). The All Blacks achieved a record of 13 wins, 7 losses and 4 draws, and they lost the test series 4–0.


1949 New Zealand rugby union tour of South Africa, Non-selection of Māori players
As they had in 1928 and would do again in 1960, the New Zealand union left Māori players out of the 30-man tour squad to meet apartheid conditions set by South Africa. Particularly notable omissions were "Johnny Smith, Ben Couch and Vincent Bevan... All three (and Ron Bryers) would surely have otherwise gone to South Africa." Smith's official All Black profile now acknowledges "the unforgivable weakness shown by New Zealand rugby".


1949 New Zealand rugby union tour of South Africa, Non-selection of Māori players
Kiwi Blake (who was of African American heritage but played for the Māori All Blacks) is quoted as saying that after a trial match he, Bevan and Smith were told by a selector that "If you had been eligible, you would have all gone". Researcher and historian Malcolm Mulholland wrote the All Blacks captain Fred Allen "later mourned the loss of Smith and, in particular, Bevan...as one of the main reasons for the All Blacks' four-nil series drubbing".


1949 New Zealand rugby union tour of South Africa, Non-selection of Māori players
In 2010 the rugby unions of New Zealand and South Africa, and the South African government, apologised for this selection policy which was implemented at the South Africans' request by the NZRFU, which at the time had said that it "did not want to subject them [i.e. Māori] to possible reprisals".


1949 New Zealand rugby union tour of South Africa, Non-selection of Māori players
As this tour took place, a simultaneous Australia tour to New Zealand led to the unusual situation of two All Black tests on 3 September 1949, in Durban and Wellington. The All Blacks lost both. One reason for New Zealand affording the Australian series test status was to allow Māori players excluded from South Africa to earn caps.


1949 Newfoundland general election
The 1949 Newfoundland general election was held on 27 May 1949 to elect members of the 29th General Assembly of Newfoundland. It was the first general election held since Newfoundland joined Canadian confederation on 31 March 1949 and the first Newfoundland-wide election of any kind since the suspension of responsible government and the creation of the Commission of Government in 1934. The election was won by the Liberal Party.


1949 Newfoundland general election
Joey Smallwood was invited to form an interim administration when Newfoundland became a part of Canada just before midnight on March 31, 1949. This interim Smallwood administration continued until the results of the May election.


1949 Newfoundland general election
The election was held under the House of Assembly Act of 1932, with the same 27 seats, plus a new seat for Labrador, though the election in the Labrador seat was deferred until July 25. The five seats where Progressive Conservatives won had all voted heavily against confederation in the 1948 Newfoundland referendums.


1949 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1949 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded the American author William Faulkner "for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel."


1949 Nobel Prize in Literature
The prize was awarded in 1950. The Nobel Committee for Literature had decided that none of the nominations for 1949 met the criteria as outlined in the will of Alfred Nobel, and the prize was reserved until the following year.


1949 Nobel Prize in Literature, Laureate
William Faulkner was an American novelist and short story writer known for novels such as The Sound and the Fury (1929), As I Lay Dying (1930), Light In August (1934) and Absalom! Absalom! (1936).


1949 Nobel Prize in Literature, Nominations
William Faulkner was not nominated for the prize in 1949, but he was nominated the following year and in 1950 the Swedish Academy decided to award Faulkner the Nobel Prize in Literature for 1949. In total the Nobel committee received 43 nominations for the 1949 prize and 79 nominations for the 1950 prize, including nominations for Pär Lagerkvist, Winston Churchill, Paul Claudel, Halldór Kiljan Laxness, François Mauriac, Robert Graves, Karen Blixen, E. M. Forster, Boris Pasternak, Graham Greene, and Bertrand Russell, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for 1950. William Faulkner was nominated by Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland, president of the Swedish PEN Center. Faulkner had not been nominated for the prize before, making it a rare occasion when an author have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature the same year they were first nominated.


1949 Nobel Prize in Literature, Award ceremony speech
In his award ceremony speech on 10 December 1950, Gustaf Hellström, member of the Swedish Academy, said of Faulkner: "As a probing psychologist he is the unrivalled master among all living British and American novelists. Neither do any of his colleagues possess his fantastic imaginative powers and his ability to create characters.


1949 Nobel Prize in Literature, Award ceremony speech
His subhuman and superhuman figures, tragic or comic in a macabre way, emerge from his mind with a reality that few existing people – even those nearest to us – can give us", "Moreover – side by side with Joyce and perhaps even more so – Faulkner is the great experimentalist among twentieth-century novelists. Scarcely two of his novels are similar technically. It seems as if by this continuous renewal he wanted to achieve the increased breadth which his limited world, both in geography and in subject matter, cannot give him.


1949 Nobel Prize in Literature, Award ceremony speech
The same desire to experiment is shown in his mastery, unrivalled among modern British and American novelists, of the richness of the English language, a richness derived from its different linguistic elements and the periodic changes in style – from the spirit of the Elizabethans down to the scanty but expressive vocabulary of the Negroes of the southern states."


1949 Nobel Prize in Literature, Reactions
The choice of William Faulkner as the Nobel Prize Laureate was well received.


1949 North Carolina Tar Heels football team
The 1949 North Carolina Tar Heels football team represented the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill during the 1949 college football season. The Tar Heels were led by seventh-year head coach Carl Snavely and played their home games at Kenan Memorial Stadium. The team competed as members of the Southern Conference, winning the conference title with a perfect 5–0 conference record.


1949 North Carolina Tar Heels football team
Halfback Charlie Justice was named an All-American and finished second in voting for the Heisman Trophy for the second consecutive year. He led the team in rushing, passing, and punting for the fourth consecutive year, with 377 rushing yards, 731 passing yards, and 2,777 punting yards. Art Weiner again joined him as an All-American end, being voted first-team by United Press, Sporting News, and INS. Kenny Powell was selected as a first-team defensive end All-American by NEA.


1949 North Dakota Fighting Sioux football team
The 1949 North Dakota Fighting Sioux football team, also known as the Nodaks, was an American football team that represented the University of North Dakota in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1949 college football season. In its first and only year under head coach Dick Miller, the team compiled a 4–3–1 record (3–2–1 against NCC opponents), tied for third place out of seven teams in the NCC, and was outscored by a total of 121 to 72. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Grand Forks, North Dakota.


1949 North Dakota State Bison football team
The 1949 North Dakota State Bison football team was an American football team that represented North Dakota Agricultural College (now known as North Dakota State University) in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1949 college football season. In its second and final season under head coach Howard Bliss, the team compiled a 0–9 record (0–6 against NCC opponents) and finished in seventh/last place out of seven teams in the NCC. The team played its home games at Dacotah Field in Fargo, North Dakota.


1949 North Korean local elections
Three local elections were held in North Korea in 1949.


1949 North Korean local elections
Provincial, city, county and district people's assembly elections were held on March 30, with 689 provincial people's assembly deputies and 5,164 city and county people's assembly deputies elected. Township people's assembly elections were held on November 24–25, with 13,354 deputies elected. Town, neighborhood, village, and workers' district people's assembly elections were held on December 2, with 56,112 deputies elected.


1949 North Korean local elections
Voter turnout was reported as 100%, with candidates receiving a 100% approval rate.


1949 Northern Illinois State Huskies football team
The 1949 Northern Illinois State Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois State Teachers College in the 1949 college football season. There were no divisions of college football during this time period, and the Huskies competed in the Illinois Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. They were led by 21st-year head coach Chick Evans and played their home games at the 5,500 seat Glidden Field, located on the east end of campus.


1949 Northern Ireland general election
The 1949 Northern Ireland general election was held on 19 February 1949. The election became known as the Chapel-gate election because collections were held at churches in the Republic of Ireland to support the Nationalist Party campaign.


1949 Northern Ireland general election
The election was held just after the Republic of Ireland's declaration of a republic. The Unionists were able to use their majority in the Parliament of Northern Ireland to schedule the election at a time when many Protestants felt uneasy about development south of the border and as a result might be more likely to vote Unionist than for Labour candidates. This appears to have been borne out in the collapse of the Labour vote.


1949 Northern Ireland general election, Results
All parties shown. The only Socialist Republican Party candidate was elected unopposed. Electorate 846,719 (477,354 in contested seats); Turnout 79.3% (378,458).


1949 Northwestern Wildcats football team
The 1949 Northwestern Wildcats team represented Northwestern University during the 1949 Big Nine Conference football season. In their third year under head coach Bob Voigts, the Wildcats compiled a 4–5 record (3–4 against Big Ten Conference opponents) and finished in seventh place in the Big Ten Conference. Quarterback Don Burson was selected as a first-team All-Big Ten player by both the Associated Press and the United Press.


1949 Norwegian Football Cup
The 1949 Norwegian Football Cup was the 44th season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The tournament was open for all members of NFF, except those from Northern Norway. The final was played at Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo on 23 October 1949, and was contested by the defending champions Sarpsborg and the one-time former winners Skeid. Sarpsborg successfully defended their title with a 3–1 victory, securing their fifth Norwegian Cup trophy.


1949 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 10 October 1949. The result was a victory for the Labour Party, which won 85 of the 150 seats in the Storting.


1949 Norwegian parliamentary election, Results
The joint list of the Farmers' Party, Conservative Party and Liberal Party won four seats, two taken by the Conservative Party and two by the Farmers' Party.


1949 Norwegian parliamentary election, Results
The joint list of the Farmers' Party and Conservative Party won three seats, all taken by the Farmers' Party.


1949 Norwegian parliamentary election, Results
The joint list of the Farmers' Party and Liberal Party won two seats, with both parties taking one each.


1949 Norwegian parliamentary election, Results
The joint list of the Liberal Party and Christian People's Party won no seats.


1949 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1949 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame during the 1949 college football season. The Irish, coached by Frank Leahy, ended the season with 10 wins and no losses, winning the national championship. The 1949 team became the seventh Irish team to win the national title and the third in four years. Led by Heisman winner Leon Hart, the Irish outscored their opponents 360–86.


1949 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1949 team is the last team in what is considered to be the Notre Dame Football dynasty, a stretch of games in which Notre Dame went 46–0–2 and won three national championships and two Heisman Trophies. The Irish squad was cited by Sports Illustrated as the part of the second best sports dynasty (professional or collegiate) of the 20th century and second greatest college football dynasty.


1949 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Personnel, Coaching staff
Assistants: Bernie Crimmins (first assistant / backfield), John F. Druze (chief scout), Bill Earley (backfield), Joe McArdle (guards), Robert McBride (tackles), Fred Miller (volunteer assistant), Benjamin Sheridan (freshmen)


1949 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team, Postseason, 1950 NFL Draft
The following players were drafted into professional football following the season.


1949 Nova Scotia general election
The 1949 Nova Scotia general election was held on 9 June 1949 to elect members of the 44th House of Assembly of the Province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was won by the Liberal party.


1949 Ohio Bobcats football team
The 1949 Ohio Bobcats football team was an American football team that represented Ohio University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1949 college football season. In their first season under head coach Carroll Widdoes, the Bobcats compiled a 4–4–1 record (2–2 against MAC opponents), finished in third place in the MAC, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 120 to 114. Three Ohio players received All-MAC honors: offensive tackle Al Scheider (first team); offensive guard Milt Taylor (first team); and end John Marco (second team).


1949 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The 1949 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented Ohio State University in the 1949 Big Nine Conference football season. The Buckeyes compiled a 7–1–2 record to win a share of the Big Ten Conference title and win their first Rose Bowl against California.


1949 Oklahoma A&M Cowboys football team
The 1949 Oklahoma A&M Cowboys football team represented Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College (later renamed Oklahoma State University–Stillwater) in the Missouri Valley Conference during the 1949 college football season. In their 11th and final year under head coach Jim Lookabaugh, the Cowboys compiled a 4–4–2 record (1–2–1 against conference opponents), finished in third place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 223 to 212.


1949 Oklahoma A&M Cowboys football team
On offense, the 1949 team averaged 22.3 points, 151.5 rushing yards, and 177.7 passing yards per game. On defense, the team allowed an average of 21.2 points, 158.3 rushing yards and 213.3 passing yards per game. The team's statistical leaders included halfback Ken Roof with 466 rushing yards, Jack Hartman with 1,278 passing yards, Alex Loyd with 657 receiving yards, and Don Van Pool with 36 points scored.


1949 Oklahoma A&M Cowboys football team
Four Oklahoma A&M players received first-team All-Missouri Valley Conference honors in 1949: tackle Charles Shaw, guard Clayton Davis, end Alex Loyd, and back Jack Hartman.


1949 Oklahoma A&M Cowboys football team
The team played its home games at Lewis Field in Stillwater, Oklahoma.


1949 Oklahoma A&M Cowboys football team, After the season
The 1950 NFL Draft was held on January 20–21, 1950. The following Cowboys were selected.


1949 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1949 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 1949 college football season. In their third year under head coach Bud Wilkinson, the Sooners compiled an undefeated 11–0 record (5–0 against conference opponents), won the Big Six Conference championship, were ranked #2 in the final AP Poll, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 399 to 88.


1949 Oklahoma Sooners football team
Five Sooners received All-America honors in 1949: Jim Owens (end), Darrell Royal (quarterback), George Thomas (halfback), Wade Walker (tackle) and Stanley West (guard). The same five players also received all-conference honors.


1949 Oklahoma Sooners football team, Postseason, NFL draft
The following players were drafted into the National Football League following the season.


1949 Ole Miss Rebels football team
The 1949 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi during the 1949 college football season.


1949 Olympia earthquake
The 1949 Olympia earthquake occurred on April 13 at 11:55:44 local time with a moment magnitude of 6.7 and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of VIII (Severe). The shock was located in the area between Olympia and Tacoma, and was felt throughout the state, as well as parts of Oregon, British Columbia, Idaho, and Montana. It is the largest recorded earthquake to occur in the Puget Sound region of Washington. Eight people were killed, a minimum of 64 people were injured, and the total damage is estimated at $25 million.


1949 Olympia earthquake, Damage
Damage in Olympia from the earthquake was estimated between $500,000 and $1 million by Governor Arthur B. Langlie. Eight buildings on the State Capital campus were damaged by the earthquake, as well as the Old Capitol Building in downtown Olympia. A 23-ton cradle on the east tower of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge fell 500 feet, injuring two men. The earthquake caused geysers to explode along the railroad track in the Tacoma tidal flats and in Puyallup. Chimneys throughout western Washington collapsed.


1949 Olympia earthquake, Damage
In Seattle, nearly every building in the Pioneer Square neighborhood was affected in some way, with damage ranging from lost parapets to entire floors and in some cases entire buildings needing to be demolished over the following years. Most buildings still show the scars of earthquake damage and the mostly hasty repairs made to them.


1949 Olympia earthquake, Damage
Eight people were killed, including young crossing guard Marvin Klegman who shielded a second-grader from falling bricks. At least 64 people were injured, and the total damage is estimated at $25 million.


1949 Omloop Het Volk
The 1949 Omloop Het Volk was the fifth edition of the Omloop Het Volk cycle race and was held on 13 March 1949. The race started and finished in Ghent. The race was won by André Declerck.


1949 Open Championship
The 1949 Open Championship was the 78th Open Championship, held 6–9 July at Royal St George's Golf Club in Sandwich, Kent, England. Bobby Locke of South Africa won the first of his four Open titles in a 36-hole playoff, twelve strokes ahead of runner-up Harry Bradshaw of Ireland. It was the first playoff at the Open since 1933.


1949 Open Championship
This edition was originally scheduled for Royal Cinque Ports, but it was flooded in early 1949 and the venue was switched to Royal St George's. Royal Cinque Ports was retained as a venue for one of the qualifying rounds.


1949 Open Championship
Qualifying took place on 4–5 July, Monday and Tuesday, with 18 holes at Royal St. George's and 18 holes at Royal Cinque Ports. The number of qualifiers was limited to a maximum of 100, and ties for 100th place did not qualify. Bradshaw led the qualifiers scoring 139 with Locke next at 140; the qualifying score was 154 and 96 players advanced. The total prize money was increased fifty percent, from £1,000 to £1,500. The winner received £300 with £200 for second, £100 for third, £75 for fourth, £50 for fifth and then £20 each for the next 35 players. The £1,500 was completed with a £15 prize for winning the qualification event and four £15 prizes for the lowest score in each round. For the first time a silver medal was awarded to the first amateur.


1949 Open Championship
In the opening round on Wednesday, Jimmy Adams led with 67. Locke entered as the favorite, but was in a tie for fourth place, despite taking seven at the 14th, cutting his tee shot out of bounds. After the second round on Thursday, Sam King had the lead on 140, Adams dropping back after a 77. At the 5th hole, Bradshaw's ball finished in a broken beer bottle; he decided to play it, getting the ball clear but dropping a shot on the hole.


1949 Open Championship
The maximum number of players making the cut after 36 holes was again set at forty, and ties for 40th place did not make the cut. With eleven players tied for 32nd place at 148, the cut was 147 (+3) and a record low 31 players advanced to the final two rounds.


1949 Open Championship
After the morning round on Friday, there were three players tied for the lead on 213: Bradshaw, Locke, and Max Faulkner. Charlie Ward and King were just a stroke behind. Bradshaw was in one of the early groups and had a final round of 70 to take the lead on 283. Playing forty minutes later, Locke reached the turn in 32 but took five at the 10th, 14th, and 15th, and then three-putted the short 16th.


1949 Open Championship
However he then sank a ten-foot (3 m) birdie putt at 17 then from four feet (1.2 m) for par at the last to tie Bradshaw. None of the later players in contention could get close to Bradshaw and Locke. De Vicenzo had a good last round of 69 to take third place. His chances were spoilt by an inward half of 40 in the morning which had left his three strokes behind.


1949 Open Championship
In the playoff on Saturday, both players started well but Locke had a three-shot lead after thirteen holes. At the 520-yard 14th hole, Locke put his second shot stone dead for a three while Bradshaw found a bunker and eventually took six. Locke's lead was thus extended to six and then to seven at the end of the morning round. The lead quickly extended to 10 after two holes of the afternoon round as Bradshaw started 6-5. Bradshaw gained a shot at the 9th and 11th, but Locke went on to win the playoff by twelve strokes.


1949 Orange Bowl
The 1949 Orange Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game between the Texas Longhorns and the Georgia Bulldogs.


1949 Orange Bowl, Background
After a loss early in the season to North Carolina, the Bulldogs won eight straight games en route to a Southeastern Conference championship (fifth overall) and their first Orange Bowl bid since 1942. The Longhorns finished 2nd in the Southwest Conference to SMU (who went to play in the Cotton Bowl Classic), but were invited to play in the Orange Bowl for the first time in school history.


1949 Orange Bowl, Game summary
Tom Landry rushed for 117 yards in his final game before departing for the AAFC. Johnny Rauch threw 11-of-17 passes for 161 yards and a touchdown in a losing effort.


1949 Orange Bowl, Aftermath
The Bulldogs returned to the Orange Bowl in 1960 while the Longhorns returned in 1965.


1949 Oregon State Beavers football team
The 1949 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State College in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1949 college football season. In their first season under head coach Kip Taylor, the Beavers compiled a 7–3 record (5–3 in PCC, fifth), and outscored their opponents 232 to 188. The team played one home game on campus at Bell Field in Corvallis and three at Multnomah Stadium in Portland.


1949 Oregon State Beavers football team
Taylor, a Michigan State assistant, was hired in late March, following the resignation of longtime head coach Lon Stiner a month earlier. Taylor was a native of Ann Arbor, Michigan, and played for the Michigan Wolverines in the late 1920s. At the time of his hiring, he told the press: "I'm a Michigan man and I like the Michigan system. We'll have the single wingback, in all probability, with my own variations."


1949 Oregon Webfoots football team
The 1949 Oregon Webfoots football team represented the University of Oregon in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1949 college football season. In their third season under head coach Jim Aiken, the Webfoots compiled a 4–6 record (2–5 against PCC opponents), finished in a tie for sixth place in the PCC, and outscored their opponents, 250 to 219. The team played its home games at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon.


1949 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo)
1949 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo) was the 43rd water polo championship in Hungary. There were ten teams who played one-round match for the title.


1949 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), Final list
* M: Matches W: Win D: Drawn L: Lost G+: Goals earned G-: Goals got P: Point


1949 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), 2. Class
1. Bp. Lokomotív 10, 2. Csepeli MTK 8, 3. MTE 6, 4. KaSE 4, 5. BRE 2, 6. OTI 0 point.


1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft
The Ostzonenmeisterschaft 1949 (English: Championship of the Eastern Zone) was the second association football championship in what was to become East Germany. As in the previous season, it was played in a one-leg knock-out format with ten participating teams. Each of the five Länder—Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Saxony, Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt—sent two representatives. Unlike the previous season, none of the regional championships was ended early, even if the participants for the championship had already been determined. Last year's winner SG Planitz did not qualify, but finalists SG Freiimfelde Halle – renamed ZSG Union Halle – reached the final again, this time beating Fortuna Erfurt to win their first championship.


1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft (ice hockey)
The 1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft season was the first season of ice hockey in East Germany. Four teams participated in the league, and SG Frankenhausen won the championship.


1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft Final
The 1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft Final decided the winner of the 1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft, the 2nd edition of the Ostzonenmeisterschaft, a knockout football cup competition to decide the champions of the Soviet occupation zone.


1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft Final
The match was played on 26 June 1949 at the Stadion im Ostragehege in Dresden. Union Halle won the match 4–1 against Fortuna Erfurt for their 1st title.


1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft Final, Route to the final
The Ostzonenmeisterschaft was a ten team single-elimination knockout cup competition. There were a total of three rounds leading up to the final. Four teams entered the qualifying round, with the two winners advancing to the quarter-finals, where they were joined by six additional clubs who were given a bye. For all matches, the winner after 90 minutes advances. If still tied, extra time was used to determine the winner.


1949 Ottawa Rough Riders season
The 1949 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in 1st place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with an 11–1 record, but lost the IRFU Finals to the eventual Grey Cup champion Montreal Alouettes. This season was the best in franchise history, in terms of winning percentage, since the undefeated team from the 1905 season. This season also set the franchise record for most wins in a season, which would be matched, but not surpassed, four more times.


1949 PGA Championship
The 1949 PGA Championship was the 31st PGA Championship, held May 25–31 in Virginia at Belmont Golf Course (formerly known as Hermitage Country Club), north of Richmond. Native Virginian Sam Snead won the match play championship, 3 & 2 over Johnny Palmer in the Tuesday final; the winner's share was $3,500 and the runner-up's was $1,500.


1949 PGA Championship
It was the second of Snead's three wins in the PGA Championship, and the fourth of his seven major titles. At age 37, Snead was the oldest to win the PGA Championship; he won again two years later in 1951.


1949 PGA Championship
The medalist in the stroke play qualifier was unsung Ray Wade Hill of Louisiana, who advanced to the quarterfinals.


1949 PGA Championship
Snead won the Masters in April; this was the first time the Masters champion had won the PGA Championship in the same calendar year. This has only been accomplished four times, most recently 46 years ago: Snead was followed by Jack Burke Jr. in 1956 and Jack Nicklaus in 1963 and 1975. Snead's double was in the spring, Burke and Nicklaus completed theirs in the summer.


1949 PGA Championship
Defending champion Ben Hogan did not play in any of the majors during the 1949 season, following a near-fatal automobile accident in west Texas in early February. In 1948, he won two majors, led the tour in money and wins (ten), and was player of the year; he had won two events in January 1949 (Pebble Beach, Long Beach), with a playoff runner-up in a third (Phoenix). Although Hogan returned to the tour in 1950 on a limited basis and won six more majors (nine total), he did not enter the PGA Championship again until age 48 in 1960, its third year as a stroke play event.


1949 PGA Championship, Format
The match play format at the PGA Championship in 1949 called for 12 rounds (216 holes) in seven days:


1949 Pacific Tigers football team
The 1949 Pacific Tigers football team was an American football team that represented the College of the Pacific during the 1949 college football season. In their third season under head coach Larry Siemering, the Tigers compiled an undefeated 11–0 record, were ranked #10 in the final AP Poll, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 575 to 66. The Tigers' victories included a 34–7 besting of Cincinnati, a 62–14 victory over San Diego State, and a 45–6 victory over Utah.


1949 Pacific Tigers football team
Quarterback Eddie LeBaron was selected by both the Associated Press and International News Service as a first-team player on the 1949 All-Pacific Coast football team.


1949 Pacific Tigers football team, Team players in the NFL
The following College of the Pacific players were selected in the 1950 NFL Draft.


1949 Pacific hurricane season
The 1949 Pacific hurricane season was the first hurricane season in the Eastern Pacific hurricane database. Six tropical cyclones were known to have existed during the season, of which the first formed on June 11 and the final dissipated on September 30. Another tropical cyclone had formed within the basin in 1949, but was included in the Atlantic hurricane database, had it been classified operationally in the Eastern Pacific basin, would have tallied the overall season to seven tropical cyclones. In addition, there were two tropical cyclones that attained hurricane status, but none of them reached major hurricane intensity (Category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale). Tropical Storm Three threatened the Baja California Peninsula, while an unnumbered hurricane crossed into the Atlantic, later becoming the 1949 Texas hurricane.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Season summary
Tropical cyclones were recorded in the Eastern Pacific best track database for the first time in 1949. Although official records began in the Eastern Pacific during this year, the season saw the first officially recorded Atlantic-Pacific crossover tropical cyclone. This season was also beginning of a cool phase for the Pacific decadal oscillation.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Season summary
Only six tropical cyclones were observed in the Eastern Pacific during this season, which is well below the 1949–2006 average of 13 per year. Of the six tropical cyclones, two only attained hurricane status. In addition, none of the tropical cyclones became a major hurricane, which is Category 3 or greater on Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale. Although it is an oddity for no major hurricanes to occur during a season since the satellite era began, nearly all hurricane seasons during this time period lacked a major hurricane.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Season summary
However, it is likely that other tropical cyclones in the Eastern Pacific basin in 1949 went operationally unnoticed, due to lack of modern technology such as satellite imagery. In addition to the six tropical cyclones, another tropical cyclone developed in the Eastern Pacific basin, but was included in the Atlantic basin hurricane database, rather than the Eastern Pacific. Most of the seven tropical cyclones did not differentiate in intensity during the duration, with the exception of Hurricane Six.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Season summary
The first two tropical cyclones of the season formed in quick succession during mid-June, however, the months of July and August went dormant in terms of tropical cyclogenesis. The last five tropical cyclones, including the additional storm, also developed in a quick sequence, all of which forming from in a span of 17 days. By October 1, all tropical cyclonic activity had completely ceased.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm One
The first tropical storm of the season formed 75 mi (120 km) south-southwest of Puerto Vallarta on June 11. Tropical Storm One headed out to sea without intensifying further than 50 mph (80 km/h). Heading west-northwestward, the storm dissipated on July 12, centered roughly halfway between Socorro Island and Cabo San Lucas.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Two
Tropical Storm Two was first observed 440 mi (705 km) southwest of Zihuatanejo on June 16. While remaining far west of the Mexican coast, Two peaked as a 50 mph (80 km/h) tropical storm. No change in intensity occurred, and the tropical storm dissipated southwest of Baja California at 1200 UTC June 23.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Three
After no tropical cyclone activity in July and August, the third tropical storm formed offshore of southwestern Mexico on September 3. Like the previous two tropical cyclone, this storm had a peak of 50 mph (80 km/h), and did not intensify further. Tropical Storm Three headed northwestward, and began paralleling the coast of Baja California. On September 8, Tropical Storm Three turned abruptly south-southwestward, and dissipated by the next day. The outer rainbands of this system were expected to bring squally weather over the Baja California Peninsula; instead, this storm turned away without causing any impact.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
The first hurricane of the season developed on September 9 while located 160 mi (260 km) east-southeast of Socorro Island, and tied Hurricane Six as the strongest tropical cyclone of the season. The hurricane slowly turned northward, and made landfall in Baja California Sur with winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) on September 11. Hurricane Six dissipated over Baja California about 10 hours later. Since Four was expected to bring high waves and rough seas to Southern California, all marine operates and other interests in the region were alerted.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Five
The fifth tropical storm was observed offshore of Mexico, on September 17. Tropical Storm Five had no change in intensity past a 50 mph (85 km/h) tropical storm, similar to Tropical Storms One, Two, and Three. While paralleling the coast of Mexico, Tropical Storm Five passed only 75 mi (120 km) southwest of Manzanillo. The tropical storm curved northwestward on September 18, and headed out to sea. The system dissipated 135 mi (215 km) west-southwest of Islas Marías on September 19.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Unnumbered tropical depression
In addition to the six tropical cyclones in the basin, another system September 27, although it was not included with the records in the East Pacific, the storm had been listed as Hurricane Ten in the Atlantic basin. Forming south of El Salvador, the tropical depression traveled slowly north. Failing to intensify past a beyond depression status, the system made landfall near the border of Guatemala and El Salvador on September 28. Moving inland, the storm did not weaken as it crossed through Guatemala and Mexico. The system quickly strengthened once over the Bay of Campeche, becoming a tropical storm. After entering the bay, the storm intensified into a hurricane, and eventually made landfall in Texas as a Category 2 hurricane. This hurricane was the first officially recorded Atlantic-Pacific crossover tropical cyclone. Overall, monetary losses totaled $10 million (1949 USD) and two deaths were attributed to the storm.


1949 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
A tropical depression was first observed 300 mi (485 km) southeast of Socorro Island on September 29. The depression rapidly intensified, and was a Category 1 hurricane only twelve hours after being first observed. Peaking as an 85 mph (140 km/h) Category 1 hurricane, Hurricane Six tied Hurricane Four as the strongest tropical cyclone of the season. After reaching its peak intensity, Hurricane Six rapidly weakened, and passed 70 mi (125 km) southeast of Socorro Island with winds of 50 mph (85 km/h). Further weakening occurred, and the storm had dissipated on September 30.


1949 Pacific typhoon season
The 1949 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1949, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.


1949 Pacific typhoon season
The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1949 Pacific hurricane season. At the time, tropical storms that formed within this region of the western Pacific were identified and named by the United States Armed Services, and these names are taken from the list that USAS publicly adopted before the 1945 season started.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Season summary
In July, tropical storm Irma killed 1,600 people and destroyed more than 63,000 houses in Shanghai, China, the worst typhoon on record in the city.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Season summary
Typhoon Gloria struck Okinawa on July 23. Gloria killed 38 people and destroyed 42,502 buildings on the island. Typhoon Gloria then continued westward and struck Shanghai, China killing 29 people.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Season summary
Typhoon Kitty struck the Tokyo/Yokohama area August 31 through September 1, 1949. From reconnaissance reports the maximum sustained winds were near 110 knots 12 hours prior to landfall, but had fallen to minimum typhoon strength by the time it reached Honshū. The death toll reached 123 due to rainfall induced flooding and landslides (NY Times, 9/3/1949), and caused about 15 billion yen in damages. As its center passed near Tokyo, the JMA's Central Meteorological Office was able to launch eight rawinsondes in the typhoon environment. Researcher Dr. Hidedoshi Arakawa was able to analyze these soundings to make a vertical analysis of thestorm.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Carmen
Carmen's origin was traced to the southeast of Yap, at the junction of the base of a westerly trough and a secondary line of convergence associated with the Inter-tropical trough. Its track was followed south of Yap and northwest between Yap and Palau. Much speculation was afforded when three reconnaissance fixes indicated a loop in Carmen's path. Indications were that Carmen was a very small storm in the respect that high winds and weather extended only a short distance from its center. An allowance for navigational error along with a 48-hour stagnation would have discounted the unusual recurvature. The final leg pursued a southwest course into Mindanao, the result of the Siberian high cell's intrusion into the Philippine Sea.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Della
Della began as an easterly wave and can be traced as far east as Truk with consistence. Kwajalein shows the passage also, but its track to Truk is indistinct. The eventual track was substantiated by data at Guam and Yap with intensification evident near 15 N and 127 E, seven days after the easterly wave passage at Truk. A surge of moist unstable air from the south was considered as the primary factor in intensification. A parabolic path was followed, with the eye passing over Okinawa. Contrary to climatological data, Della pursued a path across Kyishi rather than the conventional movement along the polar trough to the south of Japan. Della moved into the Sea of Japan and became extratropical four days after it was detected as a typhoon


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Elaine
Elaine developed from an ill-defined easterly wave that passed south of Guam. Lack of sufficient data prevented accurate detection of the easterly wave east from Guam. As Elaine passed Yap, a surge of the monsoon winds to the south of the Inter-tropical trough intensified the wave and a weak circulation developed. The tropical storm moved at 12 knots until it passed over the northern tip of Mindanao; from this point a gradual recurvature toward the northwest was taken. A southerly flow in the South China Sea aided the intensification. The storm tracked within 60 miles of Manila and dissipated rapidly as it entered the China coast west-southwest of Hong Kong.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Faye
Faye was one of two storms that had its origin in the upper air, between 25 and 40 thousand feet, and gradually descended to the surface over the western edge of the Pacific high cell(indications of Kwajalein's upper winds verified the presence of an upper air low, and five days later its nearness to Iwo Jima was reflected on the surface) Faye, a moderate storm moved near and to the south of Iwo Jima and recurved around the Pacific high cell, 500 miles to the west of Iwo Jima. Faye followed a northerly path and passed over the western edge of Kyushu into the Japanese Sea.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Gloria
Gloria, one of the most intense and destructive typhoons of the 1949 season, formed from a vortex associated with an easterly wave which was intensified by a southwesterly monsoon surge after passing south or Guam. Gloria was first detected as a typhoon near 15 N. and 132 E. Her future track was north for 450 miles with curvature to the northwest passing over Okinawa and entering the China coast near Shanghai. Maximum winds were estimated in excess of 110 knots. Gloria is considered to be the strongest typhoon to strike Shanghai since reliable records began in 1945.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Hester
Hester was one of the season's most confusing storms, resulted from the intensification of an easterly wave near Guam. Post analysis indicates that a convergent westerly and southwesterly flow in the vicinity of Saipan was the factor in intensification. Reconnaissance revealed a loop in Hester's track near Saipan. After a north-northwesterly movement to the east of Iwo Jima, the storm finally entered the Japanese mainland to the south of Tokyo. Hester was strongest at the time she was first detected and weakened thereafter, becoming negligible when it struck the Japanese islands.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Tropical Storm Irma
Irma originated in the South China Sea and intensified into a weak storm for reasons that are only supposition due to a lack of data in that area. Her path was northeast and finally north. Throughout her life, reconnaissance could find no evidence of a defined center, but reported 50 knot winds.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Tropical Storm Irma
It was said to be the worst recorded storm in the history of Shanghai.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Judith
Judith, began as a vortex associated with an easterly wave and can be identified as having passed Kwajalein 20 days prior to its dissipation. Intensification into a typhoon occurred near 14 N and 126 E but the reason is uncertain. Soon after detection of the typhoon, normal recurvature began, but two days later an inverse recurvature was evident. At the time it was thought that Judith split into two cells one moving east-northeast and the other north-northwest. Post analysis indicates that only one cell was present and its path was slightly to the east of Okinawa with inverse recurvature over western Kyushu


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Kitty
Kitty originated from an easterly wave that passed Kwajalein and intensified near 23 N and 15.4 E It is believed that intensification was the result of a westerly trough that moved to the. north of the storm prior to its detection. Further, the northwest movement into the nose of the Pacific high cell assisted in maintaining the gradient. Kitty began recurvature near 32 N and 140 E, but was never completed as the storm maintained a northerly movement across Honshu and dissipated near Hokkaido. Reconnaissance reported a maximum wind of 65 knots. Kitty inflicted more damage on the Tokyo area than any storm during the 1949 season. Gusts to 75 knots were reported along with torrential rains.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Lise
Tropical Cyclone Lise was first detected as a weak tropical low passing north of Guam and Saipan on 31 August, Navy Reconnaissance two days later established that this low had increased to typhoon intensity. Intensification is attributed to the low moving into a stagnant low pressure area in tho Philippine Sea. Lise began a sharp recurvature on 2 September and passed 70 miles southeast of Iwo Jima as an intense typhoon on 4 September. Maximum winds of 85 knots were experienced at Iwo Jima for a short period.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Tropical Storm Madeline
Madeline was the second of two storms during the season that originated in the upper air and surfaced over the western edge of the Pacific high cel. A surface ship on 2 September first gave indications of a relatively weak storm in the vicinity of 21 N and 151 E. The storm was discovered while in the process of recurvature; the track thereafter moving northward while missing Iwo Jima by 450 miles. Madeline dissipated into polar trough five days after it was detected.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Tropical Storm 12W
Tropical Storm 12W was first classified as a tropical depression northeast of Luzon. 12W intensified into a tropical storm and made landfall in Southern China on September 8 and dissipated during the next day.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Nelly
Nelly was the result of an easterly wave that intensified into a typhoon eight days after its passage at Truk. The factor in intensification was a weak but persistent westerly trough that extended south-southwest to a point just northeast of the storm. Reconnaissance established Nelly as a typhoon 250 miles south of Okinawa, after three previous missions over a period of five days had failed to find winds in excess of 45 knots. The storm passed south of Okinawa and struck central Taiwan. Nelly disappeared into the China coast north of Hong Kong.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Tropical Storm 14W
Tropical Storm 14W was first classified as a tropical depression on September 18. 14W intensified into a tropical storm and made landfall in Vietnam where it dissipated during September 22.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Tropical Storm 15W
Tropical Storm 15W developed northeast of the Mariana Islands on September 22. Moving northwards as a tropical storm, 15W became extratropical on September 25.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Omelia
Omelia was first noticed in the latter days September in the Yap-Palau area. This storm can be traced to Kwajalein, nine days prior to its intensification to a tropical storm. Data is insufficient to determine the cause of intensification, and reconnaissance fixes failed to reveal its intensity. Moving northwest-ward, Omelia passed between Luzon and Taiwan striking the China coast on 4 October 180 miles northeast of Hong Kong. Omelia's distinguishing feature was the reported fact that no closed circulation could be found near the center by reconnaissance.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Patricia
On 17 October, surface ship reports from the Truk area gave the first indication of the tropical disturbance later named Patricia. As it moved slowly northwestward it began to intensify such that a definite closed circulation was apparent with the passage-southwest of Guam on 20 October. At this time, the storm' was in the process, of recurvature and continued thereafter on a northeasterly track which skirted all U.S. Military installations. Patricia traversed over 3,000 miles in the eleven days it was under surveillance.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Tropical Storm 18W
Tropical Storm 18W affected Visayas, Philippines as a tropical storm during early November.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Rena
Tropical Storm Rena was an example of the early winter storms which form and intensify in the Palau area, then move across the Southern Philippines to die in the south China Sea. Rena passed through the islands bringing heavy rains but not excessive winds. It is thought that damage was slight since the maximum winds reported by a land station was 45 knots. Rena took up a course for Hong Kong, but dissipation had already begun, and in crossing the China Sea the storm lost its identity.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Allyn
On 10 November, Kwajalein experienced the first effects of a storm which later developed into Typhoon Allyn. The torrential rains and a wind shift indicative of a vortex induced the Kwajalein forecaster to release a tropical advisory (TROPAD) alerting the Typhoon Warning Network. As the storm continued to move westward it rapidly intensified. The first reconnaissance flight established the center of the storm, then north of Truk reported maximum winds of 60 knots. Three days later when the storm approached Guam, the winds had increased to 120 knots.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Allyn
On 17 November, Typhoon Allyn struck Guam with a ferocity unequaled since 1900. Passing within 35 miles of the southern end of the island, the storm created havoc on a grand scale. No lives were lost, even among the natives who were lacking typhoon shelters and endured the storm in their houses, hundreds of which were completely destroyed. By early morning on the 18th, the populace was able to leave their shelter to survey the destruction which amounted to millions of dollars. Allyn continued along a west northwesterly track apparently headed for Okinawa; however, recurvature occurred, and the typhoon passed south of Japan, lashing Torishima with 80 knot winds before extratropical transition and setting course for the Aleutian low.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Betty
Tropical Cyclone Betty, a small but reportedly intense storm developed in the Yap-Palau area December 2 and 3 then moved west northwestward through the South Central Philippine Islands at an average speed of 12 knots. Although the first reconnaissance fix on 3 December estimated the winds at 80 knots, the light surface winds which were reported as the storm moved through the Philippines indicate that Betty probably never exceeded 50 knots intensity. Thus ended one of the weaker and more obscure storms of the season.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Systems, Typhoon Camilla
Camilla, the final significant storm of the 1949 typhoon season was the ninth tropical cyclone to intensify in the Yap-Palau area. Similar to other late season storms; Camilla moved west northwestward across the Philippines at an average speed of 12 knots. Here, Camilla departed from the climatological tracks curving northward across northern Luzon, weakening while crossing the mountainous area. Camilla then continued to move northeastward along the polar though, accelerating rapidly and becoming extratropical just east of Okinawa.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Storm names
Tropical storm names were assigned by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center since 1945.


1949 Pacific typhoon season, Storm names
After the season the names Kitty, Lise, Madeline, Nelly, Omelia, Patricia, Rena, Allyn and Camilla were retired. They were replaced by Kit, Lola, Mamie, Nina, Ophelia, Phyllis, Rita, Alice and Cora and were next used during the 1953 season.


1949 Paraguayan Primera División season
The 1949 season of the Paraguayan Primera División, the top category of Paraguayan football, was played by 11 teams. The national champions were Guaraní.


1949 Paris–Roubaix
The 1949 Paris–Roubaix was the 47th edition of the Paris–Roubaix, a classic one-day cycle race in France. The single day event was held on 17 April 1949 and stretched 244 km (152 mi) from Paris to the finish at Roubaix Velodrome. The race was declared as a tie between the Italian cyclist Serse Coppi and the French cyclist André Mahé.


1949 Paris–Tours
The 1949 Paris–Tours was the 43rd edition of the Paris–Tours cycle race and was held on 15 May 1949. The race started in Paris and finished in Tours. The race was won by Albert Ramon.


1949 Pau Grand Prix
The 1949 Pau Grand Prix was a non-championship Formula One motor race held on 18 April 1949 at the Pau circuit, in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France. The Grand Prix was won by Juan Manuel Fangio, driving the Maserati 4CLT/48. Toulo de Graffenried finished second and Benedicto Campos third.


1949 Penn Quakers football team
The 1949 Penn Quakers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pennsylvania as an independent during the 1949 college football season. In its 12th season under head coach George Munger, the team compiled a 4–4 record and outscored opponents by a total of 159 to 118. The team won its first four games and was ranked No. 9 in the AP Poll before losing its last four games and dropping out of the AP Poll. The team played its home games at Franklin Field in Philadelphia.


1949 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The 1949 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented the Pennsylvania State University in the 1949 college football season. The team was coached by Joe Bedenk. He was named head coach after coaching the line for several years. After a single 5–4 season, Bedenk requested a return to coaching the line, and Penn State brought in Rip Engle as head coach The team played its home games in New Beaver Field in State College, Pennsylvania.


1949 Pepperdine Waves football team
The 1949 Pepperdine Waves football team represented George Pepperdine College as an independent during the 1949 college football season. The team was led by first-year head coach Ray Richards. For the 1949 season, the Waves moved home games back to Sentinel Field on the campus of Inglewood High School in Inglewood, California. They had previously played at Sentinel Field in 1946 and 1947. Pepperdine finished the season with a record of 4–5. They joined the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA) in 1950.


1949 Pepperdine Waves football team, Team players in the NFL
The following player finished his career at Pepperdine in 1949 then served in the military for two years before being selected in the 1952 NFL Draft.


1949 Peruvian Primera División
The 1949 Campeonato de Selección y Competencia was the 33rd season of the Peruvian Primera División. Eight teams participated in the second-to-last amateur-status championship, which was played as a triple round-robin tournament. The champions were Universitario. No team was relegated; therefore the top-flight grew to 10 teams for 1950.


1949 Philadelphia Athletics season
The 1949 Philadelphia Athletics season involved the A's finishing fifth in the American League with a record of 81 wins and 73 losses.


1949 Philadelphia Athletics season, Regular season
The 1949 Philadelphia Athletics team set a major league team record of 217 double plays, a record which still stands as of 2010.


1949 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1949 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1949 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts