1945 Texas hurricane, Meteorological history
Towards the end of August 1945, an area of squally weather persisted in the Bay of Campeche, near the Gulf Coast of Mexico. After a prolonged period of marginal development, the cluster of thunderstorms began to quickly organize beginning on August 24. According to HURDAT – the official database listing positions and intensities of Atlantic tropical cyclones dating back to 1851 – the disturbance became sufficiently organized to be classified as a tropical storm by 0000 UTC on August 24. At the time, the storm already maintained maximum sustained winds of 45 mph (72 km/h).


1945 Texas hurricane, Meteorological history
Initially, the tropical storm moved generally northward at approximately 18 mph (29 km/h), but gradually slowed as it neared the United States Gulf Coast. Quickly developing past tropical cyclogenesis, the system reached the equivalent of a modern-day Category 1 hurricane at 0600 UTC on August 25. Its forward motion continued to slow until it moved nearly stationary at roughly 5 mph (8 km/h), which allowed the system to remain a tropical cyclone for an extended period of time, despite its proximity to the coast. The hurricane's intensity continued to quickly increase, and by 1200 UTC on August 26, the storm had attained major hurricane status, the equivalent of a modern-day Category 3 hurricane.


1945 Texas hurricane, Meteorological history
The hurricane executed a slight curve to the northeast later that day, causing it to move inland over the Texas coast. Initially, the major hurricane was analyzed to have made landfall early on August 27 over Port Aransas with winds of 140 mph (225 km/h), equivalent to a modern-day Category 4 hurricane. However, a reanalysis was conducted on the system, and concluded that it had only attained Category 3 intensity before making landfall at 1200 UTC that day. The reanalysis moved the landfall point closer to Seadrift as well.


1945 Texas hurricane, Meteorological history
At the time, the storm had maximum sustained winds confined within an area about 10 miles (16 km) from the hurricane's center. The reanalysis also concluded that the storm contained a minimum central pressure of 963 millibars (28.44 inHg) at landfall. Once inland, the hurricane slowly weakened, but maintained hurricane intensity until 1200 UTC on August 28. After further weakening to a tropical depression by 0000 UTC the next day, the disturbance dissipated over the Texas interior at 1800 UTC on August 29.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Upon classification as a hurricane by the former United States Weather Bureau (USWB) on August 25, a hurricane warning was issued for coastal areas between Corpus Christi and Brownsville, Texas, and between Galveston, Texas and Lake Charles, Louisiana. At the time, the storm was forecast to make landfall between Port O'Connor and Freeport, Texas. However, all small craft offshore from the mouth of the Rio Grande and Burrwood, Louisiana were warned to remain in port or return to the coast. All other shipping in the western Gulf of Mexico were advised to exercise extreme caution.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Despite having just formed, forecasters already suggested that it would be potentially the most destructive storm of the hurricane season thus far. As a result of the storm's intensity and repeated warnings, thousands evacuated potentially affected coastal regions. In Freeport, Texas, 20,000 people evacuated. Mustang Island was fully evacuated prior to the storm impacting land. Throughout the hurricane's early developmental stages, reconnaissance flights were periodically made into the storm to gather data.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Though situated on the opposite side of the Gulf of Mexico as Florida, tropical moisture extending from the hurricane caused torrential rainfall in the state. In St. Petersburg, the heavy rains set a 30-year record and flooded low-lying areas. Inundated streets blocked traffic and delayed transit bus routes. In Booker and Salt Creeks, the floodwaters backed up sewage systems. Though there were no deaths as a result of the floods, two people were rescued by police after their house was surrounded by water. Telecommunications in the Tampa Bay Area were delayed for up to two hours due to damage sustained to communication lines as a result of the rains. Despite its nearby proximity, effects in Tampa, Florida were much less severe, with only small showers and gusts never exceeding 25 mph (40 km/h).


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Upon making landfall on the Texas coast late on August 27, the hurricane caused a wide swath of destruction, and was considered one of the worst hurricanes to impact the state in at least 25 years. A 400 mi (645 km) wide swath of land experienced moderate to severe impacts during the storm. Strong winds were reported in various locations, with a peak gust of 135 mph (215 km/h) measured in Collegeport, Texas. At a weather station in Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, a wind gust of 101 mph (163 km/h) was measured.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Across Corpus Christi, the strong winds knocked down communication and power lines, causing widespread power outages. Thus, all local radio stations were off air for a period of time. However, power was quickly restored within an hour after cutoff. Winds within the city peaked at 75 mph (120 km/h). Damage in the city was estimated to be below $100,000. Further south in Port Isabel, Texas, winds peaked at 76 mph (122 km/h). However, in nearby Brownsville, Texas, damage associated with the hurricane. In El Campo, Texas, strong winds blew the roof off of a local hospital.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Thus, 30 patients were evacuated to hospitals in Wharton, Texas. Power in Wharton was temporarily knocked out for a short time. As the storm progressed further inland, additional damage was reported. In Bay City, Texas, gusts uprooted trees and scattered debris over the city streets. Heavy rains there inundated roads under as much as 2 ft (0.6 m) of water. As a result, only one highway remained open. In Rockport, Texas, additional homes were unroofed, with damages estimated at $500,000. Offshore, the hurricane produced strong waves which caused coastal impacts.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
In Port Aransas, Texas, waves inundated roads to a depth of 4 ft (1.2 m). The strong waves later separated the port from the mainland, and destroyed or damage all buildings and structures there, causing an estimated $750,000 in damage there. Power in Port Aransas was disrupted during the night of August 27. At Aransas Pass, surf was as high as automotive running boards. At Port Lavaca, Texas, the tide rose up to 15 ft (4.6 m) above normal, inundating the coastal city and forcing the coastline to retreat 50 ft (15 m) from its initial position.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
At the time, the measured storm surge was only the third highest recorded in Texas history, behind peak measurements taken during the 1900 Galveston hurricane and 1919 Florida Keys hurricane. Damage estimates for Port Lavaca ranged from $750,000–$1 million. Offshore of Port Isabel, the strong waves capsized a fishing vessel, killing all two of its crew members.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
The hurricane's slow movement parallel to the Texas coast resulted in torrential rainfall, peaking at 19.6 in (500 mm) near Hockley over a period of a little over three days. The excessive precipitation helped increase monthly rainfall amounts in the region to three times above average. Cotton and rice crops were badly damaged during the storm. The American Crop Growers Association estimated that up to 20% of the rice crop was lost during the stom. Damage to unpicked cotton in the Corpus Christi area alone totaled to $1,500,000.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
In Houston, the heavy rains halted traffic and increased flood risk to property near the city's bayous. Precipitation in the city peaked at 15.65 in (398 mm) in a 24-hour period. However, the Barker Dam prevented a large scale flooding event in the city. A gust of 55 mph (90 km/h) collapsed a suburban residence, killing the occupant inside. Approximately 8 mi (13 km) north-northeast of Houston, a small tornado formed and traversed for 22 mi (35 km) across the northern suburbs of the city, killing a person and causing 15 injuries.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
The tornado also had a path width of 75 yd (70 m), and damage to property was estimated at $35,000. Heavy rainfall from the storm was reported as far west as San Antonio, Texas. Overall, the hurricane caused $20.1 million in damages, with $14 million attributable to agricultural losses, $5.883 million to infrastructural damage, and $250,000 to cattle and poultry losses. Despite the large swath of devastation, only three people were killed due to the extensive precautionary measures taken before the storm.


1945 Texas hurricane, Preparations and impact
After the hurricane passed, the American Red Cross and other relief agencies began to survey damage and assist in repair and rehabilitation activities. Red Cross personnel in the central coastal area assisted 15,000 refugees with food and care necessities. Robert Edison, then-director of the Midwest sector of the agency, requested 5,000,000 ft (1,500,000 m) of lumber and 52 tons (47 tonnes) of steel. The Salvation Army, stationed in Houston, issued an appeal for clothing materials. State health department and agency crews were dispatched to check water and other sanitation facilities.


1945 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1945 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 55th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.


1945 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
Thurles Sarsfields won the championship after a defeat of Roscrea in the final. It was their 15th championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1945 Toronto Argonauts season
The 1945 Toronto Argonauts season was the 56th season for the team since the franchise's inception in 1873 and the first since World War II. The team finished in second place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 5–1 record and qualified for the playoffs for the seventh consecutive season. The Argonauts defeated the Ottawa Rough Riders in a two-game total-points IRFU Final series before winning the Eastern Final over the Toronto Balmy Beach Beachers. The Argonauts defeated the Winnipeg Blue Bombers in the 33rd Grey Cup game by a score of 35–0, winning the franchise's sixth Grey Cup championship.


1945 Toronto municipal election
Municipal elections were held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on January 1, 1945. Controller Robert Hood Saunders defeated incumbent Frederick J. Conboy to be elected mayor.


1945 Toronto municipal election, Toronto mayor
Conboy had served as mayor since 1940 and was seeking his fifth term of office, but he was decisively beaten by Saunders.


1945 Toronto municipal election, Board of Control
The Board of Control had two vacant seats in the 1945 election. Robert Saunders had left his seat to run for mayor and Fred Hamilton had retired. Five current or past alderman ran for the positions, with Hiram E. McCallum and communist Stewart Smith winning seats.


1945 Toronto municipal election, City council
Results taken from the January 2, 1945 Globe and Mail and might not exactly match final tallies.


1945 Tottenham North by-election
The Tottenham North by-election, 1945 was a by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Tottenham North in London on 13 December 1945.


1945 Tottenham North by-election, Vacancy
The seat had become vacant when the sitting Labour Co-operative Member of Parliament (MP), Robert Morrison had been ennobled on 16 November 1945 as Baron Morrison. He had held the seat since the 1935 general election.


1945 Tottenham North by-election, Candidates
The Labour Co-operative candidate was 53-year-old William Irving. The Conservative Party candidate was 26-year-old barrister Petre Crowder.


1945 Tottenham North by-election, Result
On a much-reduced turnout, Irving held the seat for Labour, with a swing of 8.2% to the Conservatives.


1945 Tottenham North by-election, Result
The constituency was abolished for the 1950 general election, when Irving was elected for the new Wood Green constituency, and Crowder was elected for the safe Conservative seat of Ruislip-Northwood.


1945 Tulane Green Wave football team
The 1945 Tulane Green Wave football team represented Tulane University as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1945 college football season. Led by Claude Simons Jr. in his fourth and final year as head coach, the Green Wave played their home games at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans. Tulane finished the season with an overall record of 2–6–1 and a mark of 1–3–1 in conference play, tying for tenth place in the SEC.


1945 Tulsa Golden Hurricane football team
The 1945 Tulsa Golden Hurricane team represented the University of Tulsa during the 1945 college football season. In their fifth and final year under head coach Henry Frnka, the Golden Hurricane compiled an 8–2 record during the regular season with losses against undefeated eventual Big Ten Conference champion Indiana and undefeated Oklahoma A&M, a team that went on to win the 1946 Sugar Bowl. Tulsa closed the season with a loss to Georgia in the 1946 Oil Bowl in Houston.


1945 Turkish Football Championship
The 1945 Turkish Football Championship was the 11th edition of the competition. It was held in May. Harp Okulu won their third national championship title by winning the Final Group in Ankara.


1945 Turkish Football Championship
The champions of the three major regional leagues (Istanbul, Ankara, and İzmir) qualified directly for the Final Group. İzmit Harp Filosu qualified by winning the qualification play-off, which was contested by the winners of the regional qualification groups.


1945 Turkish National Division
The 1945 National Division was the 8th edition of the Turkish National Division. Fenerbahçe won their fourth title.


1945 U.S. National Championships (tennis)
The 1945 U.S. National Championships (now known as the US Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor grass courts at the West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills in New York City, United States. The tournament ran from 28 August until 3 September. It was the 65th staging of the U.S. National Championships, and due to World War II it was the only Grand Slam tennis event of the year.


1945 U.S. National Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Doubles
Gardnar Mulloy /  Bill Talbert defeated  Bob Falkenburg /  Jack Tuero 12–10, 8–10, 12–10, 6–2


1945 U.S. National Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's Doubles
Louise Brough /  Margaret Osborne defeated  Pauline Betz /  Doris Hart 6–3, 6–3


1945 U.S. National Championships (tennis), Finals, Mixed Doubles
Margaret Osborne /   Bill Talbert defeated  Doris Hart /  Bob Falkenberg 6–4, 6–4


1945 U.S. National Championships – Men's Singles
Frank Parker defeated Bill Talbert 14–12, 6–1, 6–2 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1945 U.S. National Championships.


1945 U.S. National Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Frank Parker is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1945 U.S. National Championships – Women's Singles
Second-seeded Sarah Palfrey Cooke defeated first-seeded Pauline Betz 3–6, 8–6, 6–4 in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1945 U.S. National Championships.


1945 U.S. National Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
The eight seeded U.S. players are listed below. Sarah Palfrey Cooke is the champion; others show in brackets the round in which they were eliminated.


1945 UCLA Bruins football team
The 1945 UCLA Bruins football team was an American football team that represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1945 college football season. In their first year under head coach Bert LaBrucherie, the Bruins compiled a 5–4 record (2–3 conference) and finished in fifth place in the Pacific Coast Conference.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year
The 1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year was the 20th year of greyhound racing in the United Kingdom and Ireland.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary
The Second World War came to an end in Europe on 8 May, leaving time for the industry to complete a full racing schedule including a return of the 1945 English Greyhound Derby that was won by Ballyhennessy Seal.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary
Attendances and totalisator turnover for NGRC tracks reached record highs, with over 50 million paying customers going through the turnstiles. It was also announced that the NGRC tracks had earned the government £120,000 for war charities during the duration. Annual totalisator turnover nearly doubled to 137,715,273 (a phenomenal sum in 1945).


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary
The leading greyhound company, the Greyhound Racing Association (GRA) recorded a record profit of £1,616,000 but £1,230,000 of that was allocated for the liability of excess profit tax and National Defence Contribution. The annual report indicated that greyhound racing had served service and industrial workers with a form of relaxation and thereby creating a very substantial contribution to the war effort but warned that much improvement was required to its racetracks to replace damage from the past six years.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary
Other tracks reported even worse deductions with the Daily Herald reporting that Wandsworth Stadium Ltd (the company that owned the track) was subject to over 97% government tax deductions. Sidney Parkes the owner of the company revealed that gross profit was £430,000 of which £420,000 was taken by the government in various taxes leaving just £10,000 net profit. He stated "What a money making proposition dog racing is to the Labour government."


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary, Tracks
Reg Perkins a farming and transport businessman and George Ellingworth a garage owner, purchased Peterborough Greyhound Stadium and quickly began to improve facilities.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary, Competitions
In addition to the Derby, Ballyhennessy Seal won the Gold Collar at Catford Stadium after a seven length final victory, he also won his heat and semi-final by eight lengths. Nicknamed The Seal, he headed for the Laurels at Wimbledon Stadium and after progressing through the competition with ease, it was reported that he was suffering from rheumatism in his hind legs and he was not responding to treatment. He was withdrawn and retired to stud.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary, Competitions
The Grand Prix held its first ever running in November 1945; the event at Walthamstow Stadium would eventually become a classic race. Derby finalist Magic Bohemian won the event for Leslie Reynolds and another Derby finalist Celtic Chief also made the final. Coventry trainer George McKay experienced success with Robeen Printer after winning the St Leger. The fawn bitch had arrived in England with a good reputation following a victory in the Irish Laurels and was bought for a record 1,650 guineas, for a bitch, by the Sanderson's, owners of Coventry stadium.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary, Competitions
Earlier in the year at Eastville Stadium, during the final of the Golden Crest, Shannon Shore had won by ten lengths in a new World Record for 500 yards of 28.76 sec. The Welsh Derby was transferred from White City Stadium, Cardiff to Arms Park following the closure of the former in 1937.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary, News
Arthur 'Doc' Callanan died, aged 51, after suffering from ill health in Dublin, his legacy was closely linked to the success of Mick the Miller and a new competition was named in his memory at Harold's Cross Stadium, called the Callanan Cup. White City became the first track to install a photo finish camera. Magic Beau a litter brother to the £2,500 acquisition Magic Bohemian died in the Wembley kennels during December, the fawn and white dog had recently broken the Wembley 525 track record.


1945 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year, Summary, Ireland
Shaggy Lad, at odds of 1-10f won the Irish Puppy Derby final defeating Quare Times by 10 lengths. The fawn dog became the first greyhound to break 28 seconds at Harold's Cross when breaking the track record in the semi final by recording 27.96. He duly won the final in 27.98.


1945 USC Trojans football team
The 1945 USC Trojans football team represented the University of Southern California (USC) in the 1945 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach Jeff Cravath, the Trojans compiled a 7–4 record (5–1 against conference opponents), won the Pacific Coast Conference championship, lost to Alabama in the 1946 Rose Bowl, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 205 to 150.


1945 USSR Chess Championship
The 1945 Soviet Chess Championship was the 14th edition of USSR Chess Championship. Held from 1 June to 3 July 1945 in Moscow. The tournament was won by Mikhail Botvinnik.


1945 United Kingdom general election
The 1945 United Kingdom general election was a national election held on 5 July 1945, but polling in some constituencies was delayed by some days, and the counting of votes was delayed until 26 July to provide time for overseas votes to be brought to Britain. The governing Conservative Party sought to maintain its position in Parliament but faced challenges from public opinion about the future of the United Kingdom in the post-war period. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill proposed to call for a general election in Parliament, which passed with a majority vote less than two months after the conclusion of the Second World War in Europe.


1945 United Kingdom general election
The election's campaigning was focused on leadership of the country and its future. Churchill sought to use his wartime popularity as part of his campaign to keep the Conservatives in power after a wartime coalition had been in place since 1940 with the other political parties, but he faced questions from public opinion surrounding the Conservatives' actions in the 1930s and his ability to handle domestic issues unrelated to warfare.


1945 United Kingdom general election
Clement Attlee, who led the Labour Party, was seen as a more competent leader by voters, particularly those who feared a return to the levels of unemployment in the 1930s and sought a strong figurehead in British politics to lead the postwar rebuilding of the country. Opinion polls when the election was called showed strong approval ratings for Churchill, but Labour had gradually gained support for months prior to the war's conclusion.


1945 United Kingdom general election
The final result of the election showed Labour to have won a landslide victory, making a net gain of 239 seats and winning 47.7%, thus allowing Attlee to be appointed prime minister. This election marked the first time that the Labour Party had won an outright majority in parliament, and allowed Attlee to begin implementing the party's post-war reforms for the country.


1945 United Kingdom general election
For the Conservatives, the Labour victory was a shock, as they suffered a net loss of 189 seats although they won 36.2% of the vote and had campaigned on the mistaken belief that Churchill would win as people praised his progression of the war. Of the other two major parties, the Liberal Party faced a serious blow after taking a net loss of nine seats with a vote share of 9.0%, many within urban areas and including the seat held by its leader, Archibald Sinclair. The National Liberal Party fared significantly worse, enduring a net loss of 22 seats with a vote share of 2.9%, with its leader Ernest Brown losing his seat.


1945 United Kingdom general election
The 10.7% swing from the Conservatives to an opposition party is the largest since the Acts of Union 1800; the Conservative loss of the vote exceeded that of the 1906 Liberal landslide ousting of a Conservative administration. It was also the first election since 1906 in which the Conservatives didn't win the popular vote. Churchill remained actively involved in politics and returned as prime minister after leading his party into the 1951 general election. For the National Liberals, the election was their last as a distinct party, as they merged with the Conservatives in 1947 while Ernest Brown resigned from politics in the aftermath of the election.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Dissolution of Parliament and campaign
Held less than two months following VE Day, it was the first general election since 1935, as general elections had been suspended during the Second World War. Clement Attlee, the leader of the Labour Party, refused Winston Churchill's offer of continuing the wartime coalition until the Allied defeat of Japan. On 15 June, King George VI dissolved Parliament, which had been sitting for ten years without an election.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Dissolution of Parliament and campaign
The Labour manifesto, "Let Us Face the Future", included promises of nationalisation, economic planning, full employment, a National Health Service, and a system of social security. The manifesto proved popular with the electorate, selling a million and half copies. The Conservative manifesto, "Mr. Churchill's Declaration to the Voters", on the other hand, included progressive ideas on key social issues but was relatively vague on the idea of postwar economic control, and the party was associated with high levels of unemployment in the 1930s. It failed to convince voters that it could effectively deal with unemployment in a postwar Britain. In May 1945, when the war in Europe ended, Churchill's approval ratings stood at 83%, but the Labour Party had held an 18% poll lead as of February 1945.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Dissolution of Parliament and campaign
The polls for some seats were delayed until 12 July and in Nelson and Colne until 19 July because of local wakes weeks. The results were counted and declared on 26 July to allow time to transport the votes of those serving overseas. Victory over Japan Day ensued on 15 August.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome
The caretaker government, led by Churchill, was heavily defeated. The Labour Party, led by Attlee won a landslide victory and gained a majority of 145 seats. It was the first election in which Labour gained a majority of seats and the first in which it won a plurality of votes.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome
The election was a disaster for the Liberal Party, which lost all of its urban seats, and marked its transition from being a party of government to a party of the political fringe. Its leader, Archibald Sinclair, lost his rural seat of Caithness and Sutherland. That was the last general election until 2019 in which a major party leader lost their seat, but Sinclair lost only by a handful of votes in a very tight three-way contest.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome
The National Liberal Party fared even worse by losing two thirds of its seats and falling behind the Liberals in seat count for the first time since the parties split in 1931. It was the final election that the Liberal Nationals fought as an autonomous party, as they merged with the Conservative Party two years later although they continued to exist as a subsidiary party of the Conservatives until 1968.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome
Future prominent figures who entered Parliament included Harold Wilson, James Callaghan, Barbara Castle, Michael Foot and Hugh Gaitskell. Future Conservative Prime Minister Harold Macmillan lost his seat, but he returned to Parliament at a by-election later that year.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory
"Everywhere I went in London people admired [Churchill's] energy, his courage, his singleness of purpose. People said they didn't know what Britain would do without him. He was obviously respected. But no one felt he would be Prime Minister after the war. He was simply the right man in the right job at the right time. The time being the time of a desperate war with Britain's enemies".


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory
The historian Henry Pelling, noting that polls showed a steady Labour lead after 1942, pointed to long-term forces that caused the Labour landslide: the usual swing against the party in power, the Conservative loss of initiative, wide fears of a return to the high unemployment of the 1930s, the theme that socialist planning would be more efficient in operating the economy and the mistaken belief that Churchill would continue as prime minister regardless of the result.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory, Labour strengths
The greatest factor in Labour's dramatic win appeared to be its policy of social reform. In one opinion poll, 41% of respondents considered housing to be the most important issue that faced the country, 15% stated the Labour policy of full employment, 7% mentioned social security, 6% nationalisation, and just 5% international security, which was emphasised by the Conservatives.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory, Labour strengths
The Beveridge Report, published in 1942, proposed the creation of a welfare state. It called for a dramatic turn in British social policy, with provision for nationalised healthcare, expansion of state-funded education, National Insurance and a new housing policy. The report was extremely popular, and copies of its findings were widely purchased, turning it into a best-seller. The Labour Party adopted the report eagerly, and the Conservatives (including Churchill, who did not regard the reforms as socialist) accepted many of the principles of the report, but claimed that they were not affordable. Labour offered a new comprehensive welfare policy, reflecting a consensus that social changes were needed. The Conservatives were not willing to make the same changes that Labour proposed and appeared out of step with public opinion.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory, Labour strengths
Labour played to the concept of "winning the peace" that would follow the war. Possibly for that reason, there was especially strong support for Labour in the armed services, which feared the unemployment and homelessness to which the soldiers of the First World War had returned. It has been claimed that the left-wing bias of teachers in the armed services was a contributing factor, but that argument has generally not carried much weight, and the failure of the Conservative governments in the 1920s to deliver a "land fit for heroes" was likely more important.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory, Labour strengths
The writer and soldier Anthony Burgess remarked that Churchill, who then often wore a colonel's uniform, was not nearly as popular with soldiers at the front as with officers and civilians. Burgess noted that Churchill often smoked cigars in front of soldiers who had not had a decent cigarette in days.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory, Labour strengths
Labour had also been given during the war the opportunity to display to the electorate its domestic competence in government, under men such as Attlee as Deputy Prime Minister, Herbert Morrison at the Home Office and Ernest Bevin at the Ministry of Labour. The differing wartime strategies of the two parties likewise gave Labour an advantage. Labour continued to attack prewar Conservative governments for their inactivity in tackling Hitler, reviving the economy and rearming Britain, but Churchill was less interested in furthering his party, much to the chagrin of many of its members and MPs.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory, Conservative weaknesses
Though voters respected and liked Churchill's wartime record, they were more distrustful of the Conservative Party's domestic and foreign policy record in the late 1930s. Churchill and the Conservatives are also generally considered to have run a poor campaign in comparison to Labour. As Churchill's personal popularity remained high, the Conservatives were confident of victory and based much of their election campaign on that, rather than proposing new programmes. However, people distinguished between Churchill and his party, a contrast that Labour repeatedly emphasised throughout the campaign. Voters also harboured doubts over Churchill's ability to lead the country on the domestic front.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory, Conservative weaknesses
In addition to the poor Conservative general election strategy, Churchill went so far as to accuse Attlee of seeking to behave as a dictator, despite Attlee's service as part of Churchill's war cabinet. In the most famous incident of the campaign, Churchill's first election broadcast on 4 June backfired dramatically and memorably. Denouncing his former coalition partners, he declared that Labour "would have to fall back on some form of a Gestapo" to impose socialism on Britain. Attlee responded the next night by ironically thanking the prime minister for demonstrating to the people the difference between "Churchill the great wartime leader" and "Churchill the peacetime politician" and argued the case for public control of industry.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Outcome, Reasons for Labour victory, Conservative weaknesses
Another blow to the Conservative campaign was the memory of the 1930s policy of appeasement, which had been conducted by Churchill's Conservative predecessors, Neville Chamberlain and Stanley Baldwin, but had been widely discredited for allowing Adolf Hitler's Germany to become too powerful. Labour had strongly advocated appeasement until 1938, but the interwar period had been dominated by Conservatives. With the exception of two brief minority Labour governments in 1924 and 1929–1931, the Conservatives had been in power for all of the interwar period. As a result, the Conservatives were generally blamed for the era's mistakes: appeasement and the inflation and the unemployment of the Great Depression. Many voters felt that although the First World War had been won, the peace that followed had been lost.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Transfers of seats
This differs from the above list in including seats where the incumbent was standing down and therefore there was no possibility of any one person being defeated. The aim is to provide a comparison with the previous election. All comparisons are with the 1935 election.


1945 United Kingdom general election, Opinion polls
Polls showed a lead for Labour since 1943, except for one poll in June 1945 when both Labour and the Conservatives tied on 45%.


1945 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland
The 1945 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland was held on 5 July as part of the wider general election. There were ten constituencies, seven single-seat constituencies with elected by FPTP and three two-seat constituencies with MPs elected by bloc voting.


1945 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland, Results
This was the first general election to Westminster in ten years, as elections had been postponed for the duration of World War II.


1945 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland, Results
In the election as a whole, the Conservative Party government, which included the Ulster Unionists, lost out to the Labour Party, and Sir Winston Churchill was succeeded as Prime Minister by Clement Attlee.


1945 United States House of Representatives elections
There were several special elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1945 during the 78th and 79th Congresses.


1945 United States gubernatorial elections
United States gubernatorial elections were held in 1945, in the state of Virginia. Virginia holds its gubernatorial elections in odd numbered years, every 4 years, following the United States presidential election year.


1945 Uruguayan Primera División, Overview
It was contested by 10 teams, and Peñarol won the championship.


1945 Utah Redskins football team
The 1945 Utah Redskins football team represented the University of Utah during the 1945 college football season.


1945 Utah Redskins football team, After the season, NFL Draft
Utah had five players selected in the 1946 NFL Draft.


1945 Utah State Aggies football team
The 1945 Utah State Aggies football team was an American football team that represented Utah State Agricultural College in the Mountain States Conference (MSC) during the 1945 college football season. In their 26th season under head coach Dick Romney, the Aggies compiled a 4–3 record (1–3 against MSC opponents) and finished fourth in the MSC. The team outscored opponents by a total of 173 to 92, largely on the strength of two shutout victories (45–0 and 52–0) against the Idaho Marines from Pocatello.


1945 Utah State Aggies football team
End John Putnik was named to the 1945 all-conference football team selected by the International News Service. He was also invited to play in the East-West Shrine Game. Back Jack Seiferling was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the fifth round of the 1946 NFL Draft.


1945 VFA season
The 1945 Victorian Football Association season was the 64th season of the Australian rules football competition, and it was the first season played since the Association went into recess during World War II. The premiership was won by the Williamstown Football Club, which defeated Port Melbourne by 37 points in the Grand Final on 6 October. It was the club's fourth VFA premiership.


1945 VFA season
Minor premiers Coburg went through the home-and-home season unbeaten, before losing both finals to finish third.


1945 VFA season, Resumption of play
World War II commenced in Europe in September 1939, and had spread to the Pacific in December 1942. The Association had continued contesting the premiership in 1940 and 1941, but cancelled the 1942, 1943 and 1944 seasons when it became clear that the competition would distract from the war effort. On 12 June 1944, the Association decided that it would resume the premiership in 1945, even though the Pacific War would ultimately not end until late 1945.


1945 VFA season, Resumption of play
Two clubs – Brighton and Port Melbourne – both had obstacles to overcome to resume playing in the Association. Brighton had practically ceased to exist in either a playing or administrative capacity during the war, but upon it being confirmed that the Association was to resume, the club was able to assemble a football committee and make preparations for the season.


1945 VFA season, Resumption of play
Port Melbourne was unable to use North Port Oval as a home venue during the season as its surface was in need of repairs after having been commandeered and used as a vegetable garden as part of the war effort, so it secured Olympic Park as a home venue; but, unhappy with the arrangement, the club ultimately moved many of its games in the second half of the year to other Association grounds.


1945 VFA season, Resumption of play
The Victorian Football League (VFL) had continued playing throughout the war, and approximately 200 VFA players had crossed to the rival competition. The Association delegates ruled that any players who did not return to the Association now that it had resumed competition would be suspended from the VFA for five years.


1945 VFA season, Premiership
The home-and-home season was played over twenty matches, before the top four clubs contested a finals series under the Page–McIntyre system to determine the premiers for the season.


1945 VFL Grand Final
The 1945 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the South Melbourne Football Club and Carlton Football Club, held at Princes Park in Melbourne on 29 September 1945. It was the 49th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1945 VFL season. The match, attended by 62,986 spectators, was won by Carlton by a margin of 28 points, marking that club's seventh premiership victory.


1945 VFL Grand Final
The game was noted and remembered for its rough play and a number of violent incidents, out of which seven players were suspended. It has continued to be remembered as one of the roughest games in the league's history, giving rise to its nickname, the Bloodbath.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Background
Played only shortly after the conclusion of the second World War, the 1945 grand final was the first played in peace time since 1938. The league's normal finals venue, the Melbourne Cricket Ground, remained unavailable as it was still set up for military use, as it had been for the previous four years. As in 1942 and 1943, the league opted to play the finals series, including the Grand Final, at Carlton's home venue, Princes Park, preferring it to the lower capacity St Kilda Cricket Ground which had hosted in 1944. Additional terraces were installed at the ground during August, to increase the official capacity to 62,800. The gates were closed at the opening bounce with an official attendance of 62,986, which is an enduring record attendance for the venue.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Background
South Melbourne finished the home-and-away season as minor premiers with a 16–4 record, having sat atop the ladder continuously since Round 3. The club qualified for the Grand Final with an 11-point win against Collingwood in the second semi-final. It was the club's first Grand Final appearance since it had contested four in a row from 1933 to 1936.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Background
In contrast, Carlton's season had commenced with three straight losses, and the club sat 9th with a 3–6 record after nine rounds. But, it won nine of its last ten home-and-away matches to qualify for the finals in fourth place with a 13–7 record. The club had a dominant win against North Melbourne in the first semi final, leading by as much as 60 points before winning by 26. Then, in a rough and violent preliminary final against Collingwood, Carlton staged a huge comeback, trailing by 34 points early in the final quarter before kicking the last seven goals to win by ten points. It was Carlton's first Grand Final appearance since its victory in 1938.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, First quarter
Bob Chitty won the toss for Carlton and kicked with the breeze to the Lygon St end of the ground. Weather conditions to start the game were dry but blustery, and the quality of play was poor, with many players fumbling and few marks taken. Carlton had the most attacking chances through the first part of the quarter, and Ken Baxter scored Carlton's first goal from a turnover. After fifteen minutes of play, Carlton scored again, Price converting a free kick from 60 metres. South Melbourne had several attacking chances over the rest of the quarter, but managed only behinds; and, at quarter time, Carlton held an 11-point advantage, 2.4 (16) to 0.5 (5).


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, First quarter
Overall, South Melbourne had the better of the first quarter, holding Carlton's advantage with the wind and limiting the Blues' attacking opportunities, but Carlton's backline was strong to keep South Melbourne goalless. Carlton half-forward flanker Lance Collins injured his ankle during the quarter, and he moved to the forward-line where he had little impact.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Second quarter
Ken Hands kicked the first goal of the second quarter to extend Carlton's advantage, before repeated South Melbourne attacks with the wind and smart play saw South kick the game's next four goals – to Keith Smith after capitalising on a fumble by Carlton defender Arthur Sanger, then Laurie Nash who collected a long kick which flew over the marking pack, then Reg Richards, and finally Vic Castles who roved a boundary throw-in. Baxter kicked a goal for Carlton from a scrimmage, then Castles kicked his second goal in open play to restore South Melbourne's 7-point advantage, 5.6 (36) to 4.5 (29).


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Second quarter
At this point, two incidents broke out. South Melbourne's youngest player, 17-year-old Ron Clegg, was knocked down by Bob Chitty, unsighted by the umpire; Carlton's Rod McLean and South Melbourne's Jack Williams shaped up as if to fight, before umpire Spokes broke them up and reported Williams. Then, Chitty knocked down South Melbourne's next youngest player, 19-year-old Bill Williams, and was this time reported. South Melbourne attacked first after the stoppage, but managed only two behinds, before Carlton kicked three consecutive goals from general play – by Jim Mooring, Jack Bennett and Mick Price – to take an eight-point lead shortly before half time.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Second quarter
After the goal, another incident broke out after Carlton's youngest player, 18-year-old Ken Hands, was knocked down behind play. Carlton players remonstrated with Jack Williams, and Spokes once again held up play as police entered the arena to assist with breaking up the fight. No players were reported in the fracas, and South Melbourne's Brian Kelly limped from the ground with a cartilage injury, replaced by Ron Hartridge. With players still out of position following the restart of play, South Melbourne cleared and Vic Castles scored his third goal of the quarter straight off the centre bounce, right before the half time bell. Carlton led by two points, 7.5 (47) to 6.9 (45).


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Second quarter
Clearly divergent tactics had emerged, with Carlton utilising its strong spine by playing long and direct down the congested centre of the ground, and South Melbourne utilising the less congested wings and flanks to attack with a shorter passing game.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Third quarter
Heavy rain began falling at half time, and fell throughout most of the remainder of the game. At half time, Carlton substituted the injured Collins for Charlie McInnes. Hands, who was concussed after the incident near half time and had to be helped from the ground, returned to the game, but was unable to remember much of the game after it was finished.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Third quarter
South Melbourne scored the first goal of the quarter, Nash kicking a set shot from a short pass, to give South Melbourne a four-point lead. Carlton then took control, scoring the next 27 points in the game. Hands kicked his second goal, then Ron Savage kicked one from a tight scrimmage at the goal face, then Hands scored again from a spilled pack mark. When Price kicked his third goal, Carlton had extended the advantage to 23 points. Alan Linden scored a goal for South Melbourne from a holding the ball free kick, but this was soon after answered by Carlton's Jim Mooring. Kicking five goals to two in the quarter, Carlton went to three quarter time ahead by 23 points, 12.9 (81) to 8.10 (58).


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Third quarter
Carlton took firm control of the play in the quarter, playing more surely and with less fumbling than in the first half despite the conditions. On the other hand, South Melbourne's shorter passing game was less effective in the rain. The play remained rough, but there were no serious incidents during the quarter.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Final quarter
Rain continued to fall. As the quarter began, Chitty was put down in an incident with Nash; Spokes again held up play and police entered the field to break up any potential disturbance. Carlton kicked an early behind, before South Melbourne rebounded from the kick-in ending in Alan Linden's second goal. South attacked strongly, but after ten minutes, Carlton's Clinton Wines kicked a goal after catching Don Grossman holding the ball, and the margin was extended back to 23 points.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Final quarter
Soon after, the game's biggest melee erupted: Mooring was put down by Grossman, and Clegg was put down by Hands before multiple players, trainers and spectators joined the fray; among the spectators was Carlton's Fred Fitzgibbon, who was in the outer having been suspended for striking in the preliminary final. Police attempted to break up the melee, and also removed Fitzgibbon from the arena, while the umpires made reports. Within the fight, South Melbourne live wire Ted Whitfield was reported for attempting to strike goal umpire Les Whyte; and, as the umpires reported him, he lifted his guernsey and ran away to attempt to conceal his number. Spokes once again held up play until the melee finished.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Final quarter
South Melbourne attacked strongly to mount an attempted comeback in the aftermath of the melee, but managed only 1.3 from four easy shots, the only goal scored by Smith from a scrimmage at the boundary line. The margin was down to 16 points, before a Carlton attack was marked by Hands, who was put down again after the mark, this time by Jim Cleary. Players and police converged again, and Cleary was reported. Carlton still led by only 16 points with seven minutes remaining, before late goals to Chitty and Baxter put the game beyond South Melbourne's reach. When the final bell rung, Carlton won by a game-high margin of 28 points, 15.13 (103) to 10.15 (75).


1945 VFL Grand Final, Game summary, Final quarter
Overall, the game was considered a poor exhibition of football, with inclement weather, weak skills, rough play and melees. Sportswriters praised the play of both teams' defences, and Carlton full-back Vin Brown was considered the best player on the ground for his consistent work in repelling the South Melbourne attacks. Ted Whitfield was South's best player.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
The roughness of play, and the high number of reports, suspensions and melees, drew heavy comment from sportswriters and public at the time. In more recent years, the game has come to be nicknamed the Bloodbath due to its violent reputation. In all, nine players were reported on fourteen charges during the game. Bottles were also thrown onto the ground by spectators.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
The VFL tribunal heard the charges on Tuesday 2 October, and made the following findings:


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
Only Ken Hands (Carlton) and Keith Smith (South Melbourne) were found not guilty of their charges.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
A subsequent investigation also saw Carlton's Fred Fitzgibbon brought before the VFL committee. Fitzgibbon had been suspended for four matches for striking Collingwood's Len Hustler in the preliminary final, so was watching the Grand Final from the outer; during the final quarter melee, he jumped the fence, ran to the melee and attempted to strike a South Melbourne player before being escorted from the ground by police. He was suspended for a further four matches.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
The game drew condemnation in the media, and headlines around the country for its roughness. The Mirror in Perth noted "widespread disgust has been expressed throughout Australia at the exhibition of alleged football staged by Carlton and South Melbourne in the VFL Grand Final last Saturday". Melbourne tabloid newspaper The Truth called it "the most repugnant spectacle League football has ever known". Perth's the Call newspaper led with the headline "Carlton are Vic. 'footbrawl' premiers". The Recorder in Port Pirie published a local's summary of the game under the byline "they kicked everything except the ball. The match continued to be viewed as a benchmark against which onfield violence was compared for many years.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
Many newspapers took a broader view of the game as symptomatic of increasing roughness of the game in Victoria in general during the early 1940s. The Record, the local newspaper circulating in South Melbourne, reported that "to say the match was a 'shameful spectacle' and 'a blot on the game' is sheer hypocrisy, as anyone who has followed League football during the last few years knows that roughness is the rule rather than the exception."


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
The Argus also commented on this and both newspapers placed blame for increased rough play over the previous years on increased frustration and congestion caused by the two major rule changes in 1939: no-drop holding the ball and the reinstatement of the boundary throw-in. Speaking years later, Don Grossman also recalled that bumping had become rougher during the war, owing to a rule allowing bumping only within five yards of the ball.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
The VFL met in November to discuss its position on a variety of potential national rule changes to reduce congestion – such as re-abolishing the boundary throw-in in favour of a free kick, re-introducing the flick pass, and reducing the number of players on the field – as well as direct measures against violent play – including introducing order-off provisions, and appointing stewards to report players instead of umpires – but ultimately supported none of them.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
Despite the game's reputation for violence, all sportswriters praised match umpire Frank Spokes for the control he maintained on the game, and for preventing further escalation of incidents. Spokes spoke to players many times when incidents flared, and waited for players to return to position before restarting play, which was not common practice for umpires at the time.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
However, the high volume of reports made during this game is also speculated to have been a deliberate directive by the league to the umpiring team, in response to the previous week's preliminary final between Carlton and Collingwood – a match well known to have been at least as rough as the grand final, including a wild final quarter melee with many kicks and punches thrown, but from which only one player was reported.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
Supporting this, The Record made specific note that Matthews and Whitfield were both reported for time-wasting by throwing or kicking the ball away after a free kick; this had been a technically reportable offence for many years, but was almost never enforced in practice. Matthews himself said he had been doing it for his entire 14-year career without a problem, and was surprised to have been reported.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
Both clubs blamed the other for the violence in the game. Reflecting on the game in the Sporting Globe ten years later, South Melbourne full forward Laurie Nash placed the blame on Carlton for starting the violence in the first half with targeted rough play, but blamed South Melbourne for carrying on the violence in search of retribution in the second half, while Carlton went back to playing the ball – probably costing South Melbourne the game.


1945 VFL Grand Final, The Bloodbath
He also happily recalled getting away with punching out Bob Chitty in the final quarter, in retaliation for Chitty's two second-quarter strikes against South Melbourne's youngsters Ron Clegg and Bill Williams, which started the game's melees; and, said that Jim Cleary, who was nicknamed "Gentleman Jim" for his reputation as a fair player, was very unlucky to be suspended for eight weeks for what he thought was an honest attempted spoil on Hands.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Teams
Both teams made two changes from the sides which secured qualification. South Melbourne brought in Reg Richards (who had missed the semi final with illness) and Alan Linden, omitting Roy Porter and Max Blumfield. Carlton brought in Charlie McInnes to replace Fred Fitzgibbon, who had been suspended in the preliminary final; and, on the day of the game, brought in Alec Way to replace Ron Hines, who was unable to recover from a thigh injury suffered in the preliminary final.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Notes
Carlton's premiership was the first time that a team who finished the home-and-away season in fourth place won the premiership under the Page–McIntyre system. No team had won from fourth since Fitzroy under the Argus finals system in 1916.


1945 VFL Grand Final, Notes
The 1945 grand final was South Melbourne's last ever grand final while based in Melbourne. It was not until 1996 AFL Grand Final, by which time the club had moved to Sydney and become the Sydney Swans, that it qualified again.


1945 VFL season
The 1945 Victorian Football League season was the 49th season of the elite Australian rules football competition.


1945 VFL season, Premiership season
In 1945, the VFL competition consisted of twelve teams of 18 on-the-field players each, plus one substitute player, known as the 19th man. A player could be substituted for any reason; however, once substituted, a player could not return to the field of play under any circumstances.


1945 VFL season, Premiership season
Teams played each other in a home-and-away season of 20 rounds; matches 12 to 20 were the "home-and-way reverse" of matches 1 to 9.


1945 VFL season, Premiership season
The determination of the 1945 season's fixtures were greatly complicated by the fact that both the Melbourne Cricket Ground and the Lake Oval were appropriated for military use and, because of this, Melbourne shared the Punt Road Oval with Richmond as their home ground, and South Melbourne shared the Junction Oval with St Kilda as their home ground.


1945 VFL season, Premiership season
Once the 20 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1945 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the Page–McIntyre system.


1945 VFL season, Grand final
Carlton defeated South Melbourne 15.13 (103) to 10.15 (75), in front of a crowd of 62,986 people. (For an explanation of scoring see Australian rules football).


1945 VPI Gobblers football team
The 1945 VPI Gobblers football team represented Virginia Polytechnic Institute in the 1945 college football season. The team was led by their head coach Herbert McEver and finished with a record of two wins and six losses (2–6).


1945 VPI Gobblers football team, Players
The following players were members of the 1945 football team.


1945 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
The 1945 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University during the 1945 college football season.


1945 Venezuelan coup d'état
The 1945 Venezuelan coup d'état took place on 18 October 1945, when the president Isaías Medina Angarita was overthrown by a combination of a military rebellion and a popular movement led by Democratic Action. The coup led to a three-year period of government known as El Trienio Adeco, which saw the first participant presidential elections in Venezuelan history, beginning with the 1946 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election. The 1947 Venezuelan general election saw Democratic Action formally elected to office (with Rómulo Gallegos as president, replacing interim President Rómulo Betancourt), but it was removed from office shortly after in the 1948 Venezuelan coup d'état.


1945 Victoria Park state by-election
A by-election for the seat of Victoria Park in the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia was held on 10 February 1945. It was triggered by the death of the sitting member, Howard Raphael of the Labor Party, on 9 December 1944. The election was won by an independent candidate, William Read, who finished with 56.7 percent of the two-candidate-preferred vote. Outside of Read's victory, the election was also notable as the first in Western Australia to be contested by the newly established Liberal Party.


1945 Victoria Park state by-election, Background
Howard Raphael, a prominent dentist and member of the Perth City Council, had held Victoria Park for the Labor Party since the seat's creation at the 1930 state election. He enlisted in a dental unit of the Australian Army in 1942, but continued on as a member of parliament until his sudden death in Sydney in December 1944. After his death, the writ for the by-election was issued on 3 January 1945, with the close of nominations on 19 January. Polling day was on 10 February, with the writ returned on 23 February.


1945 Victoria Park state by-election, Aftermath
Read joined three other independents in the Legislative Assembly – Horace Berry, Lionel Kelly, and Harry Shearn. He was re-elected at the 1947 state election, and with Shearn supported Ross McLarty's efforts to form a minority government.


1945 Victorian state election
The 1945 Victorian state election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on Saturday 10 November 1945 to elect 65 members of the state's Legislative Assembly.


1945 Victorian state election, Results, Legislative Assembly
Victorian state election, 10 November 1945Legislative Assembly << 1943–1947 >>


1945 Villanova Wildcats football team
The 1945 Villanova Wildcats football team represented the Villanova University during the 1945 college football season. The head coach was Jordan Olivar, coaching his third season with the Wildcats. The team played their home games at Villanova Stadium in Villanova, Pennsylvania.


1945 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 1945 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia during the 1945 college football season. The Cavaliers were led by ninth-year head coach Frank Murray and played their home games at Scott Stadium in Charlottesville, Virginia. They competed as independents, finishing with a record of 7–2. On October 8, 1945, Virginia made their first appearance in the AP Poll in school history when they were ranked 20th in the year's first poll. They dropped from the poll the following week, but reentered November 5th as they continued a seven-game win-streak.


1945 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The Cavaliers did not finish ranked, however, being knocked from the polls after season-ending losses to rivals Maryland and North Carolina. Their first ranked finish would come in 1951. Murray left the team following the season to return to coaching at Marquette, where he had coached from 1927 to 1936. He ended his career at Virginia as the school's longest-serving and winningest coach.


1945 Virginia gubernatorial election
In the 1945 Virginia gubernatorial election, incumbent Governor Colgate Darden, a Democrat, was unable to seek re-election due to term limits. Lieutenant Governor William M. Tuck was nominated by the Democratic Party to run against Republican S. Lloyd Landreth.


1945 Vuelta a España
The 5th Vuelta a España (Tour of Spain), a long-distance bicycle stage race and one of the three grand tours, was held from 10 to 31 May 1945. It consisted of 18 stages covering a total of 3,818 km (2,372 mi), and was won by Delio Rodríguez. There was also a classification sponsored by Pirelli, Rodríguez also won the points classification and Julián Berrendero won the mountains classification.


1945 Vuelta a España, Points classification
A new introduction to this Vuelta was a classification on points, sponsored by Pirelli. It was calculated as follows:


1945 Vuelta a España, Points classification
Although the sponsor said that the classification was a great success, it did not return the next edition.


1945 Vuelta a España, Final standings, Other awards
There was also a team competition: the ranks in the general classification of the best two cyclists per cycling club were added, and the club with the lowest total won. Delio Rodríguez was in the same club as Alejandro Fombellida, and because they finished first and ninth, they scored 10 points; no other team had fewer points, so they won the team competition.


1945 WANFL season
The 1945 WANFL season was the 61st season of the various incarnations of the Western Australian National Football League.


1945 WANFL season
During the 1944 season, participation had been restricted to players under nineteen as of October 1, 1944. After the season, it was clear to the WANFL that changes had to be made to this underage restriction, since the Over-Age Footballers Association, the Metal Trades Association and services competitions were developing a good standard from players who were too old to play league football.


1945 WANFL season
In October 1944, the WANFL agreed to raise the limit to 25 years of age as of December 31, 1945, but this move proved ill-received and on March 29 the League decided to abolish age restrictions altogether, returning the WANFL to open-age competition. There was concern that the erratic availability of players who were still in the services would cause difficulties, which meant that the seconds competition, which was disbanded after 1940, was not resumed.


1945 WANFL season
Numerous famous players of the era – amongst them Merv McIntosh and Bernie Naylor – remained entirely unavailable due to war service, and all clubs had to make constant changes to their lineups. It was generally thought that the 1945 teams would largely be composed of under-age players from 1944, but this proved not to be the case as most either joined the military or proved uncompetitive in senior competition. East Perth, whose unbeaten under-age team of 1944 retained many more of its players than any other club, found the going very tough in open competition and fell to sixth.


1945 WANFL season
Owing to the return of numerous top players from its 1941 team, including “Scranno” Jenkins, “Corp” Reilly, Alby Higham and Harry Carbon, South Fremantle, whose restricted-age team had at the close of 1944 lost 24 consecutive matches by an average of ninety-six points, recovered in remarkable fashion to reach the Grand Final.


1945 WANFL season
Claremont was forced to play home games at Subiaco and the W.A.C.A. due to the 1944 Claremont Oval fire and the fact that the Claremont Showground, which would ordinarily have become an alternative Tiger home venue, were themselves burned in a fire in January 1945, finishing last by six games. East Fremantle and West Perth, who contested the previous open-age Grand Final, against set the pace, but Old Easts dominated the latter part of the season and won the premiership.


1945 WANFL season
A new innovation was the Simpson Medal, the first award in Australian sport for the best player in a Grand Final.


1945 WANFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 2
South Fremantle broke a 24-match losing streak with its first win since 1943. Returning forward Alby Higham kicked seven goals in the win.


1945 WANFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 3
Allan Wilkinson, who had been playing for West Adelaide in previous weeks, kicked nine goals for Subiaco, but he was soon to be forced out of the game after suffering a serious knee problem and being unable to afford surgery.


1945 WANFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 8
Record rainfall in Perth of 384.7 millimetres (15.15 in) over thirteen days ending 22 June led to the Perth v Claremont match being transferred due to flooding of the WACA. It is the only such transfer due to a flooded ground in WA(N)FL history.


1945 WANFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 9
East Perth take the last place in the top four with a fine win led by a 9.8 (62) to 0.2 (2) second quarter with captain-coach Cecil Rowland scoring their first six goals and eight overall.


1945 WANFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 10
Following the match between traditional rivals West Perth and East Perth, a mob of around fifty spectators made a hostile attack upon field umpire Mosey, following him until he dispersed some distance down Bulwer Street.


1945 WANFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 18
Swan Districts lost by one point against Perth after kicking 0.8 (8) with the breeze in the last quarter.


1945 WANFL season, Home-and-away season, Round 20
Swan Districts defeated Subiaco by 25 points in a match which directly decided which of the two teams finished fourth.


1945 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team
The 1945 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team was an American football team that represented Wake Forest University during the 1945 college football season. In its ninth season under head coach Peahead Walker, the team compiled a 5–3–1 record, finished in second place in the Southern Conference, defeated South Carolina in the first Gator Bowl game, and was ranked No. 19 in the final AP Poll.


1945 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team
The team defeated No. 16 Clemson in the final game of the regular season, and its three losses were to teams that were ranked in the final AP Poll: No. 1 Army, No. 13 Duke, and No. 14 Tennessee.


1945 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team
The team played its home games at Groves Stadium in Wake Forest, North Carolina.


1945 Washington Huskies football team
The 1945 Washington Huskies football team represented the University of Washington in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1945 college football season. Home games were played on campus in Seattle at Husky Stadium.


1945 Washington Huskies football team
Under fourth-year head coach Ralph Welch, the Huskies were 6–3, third in the PCC, and outscored its opponents 91 to 54. No non-conference games were played this season and center Bill McGovern was the team captain.


1945 Washington Huskies football team, Season
After a two-year hiatus due to World War II, in-state rival Washington State resumed its program and was played twice. The games were split, with home team wins in shutouts in Seattle in October, and in Pullman at the end of the season. The Cougars had last fielded a team in 1942.


1945 Washington Huskies football team, Season
Oregon and Oregon State were also played twice, in Seattle and Portland. The Huskies swept Oregon, but split with Oregon State, with the visiting teams prevailing. The Huskies upset USC 13–7 in Seattle, the Trojans' only PCC loss. UCLA was not on the schedule this season, and  Stanford did not field a team from 1943 through 1945.


1945 Washington Huskies football team, NFL Draft selections
Six University of Washington Huskies were selected in the 1946 NFL Draft, which lasted 32 rounds with 300 selections.


1945 Washington Redskins season
The 1945 Washington Redskins season was the franchise's 14th season in the National Football League (NFL) and their 8th in Washington, D.C.. The team improved on their 6–3–1 record from 1944. They won the Eastern division title with an 8–2 record but lost the NFL championship game to the Cleveland Rams, 15–14.


1945 Washington Redskins season
It was the Redskins' last postseason appearance for over a quarter-century, until 1971.


1945 Washington Redskins season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1945 Washington Redskins season, Standings
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1945 Washington Senators season
The 1945 Washington Senators won 87 games, lost 67, and finished in second place in the American League. They were managed by Ossie Bluege and played their home games at Griffith Stadium, where they drew 652,660 fans, fourth-most in the eight-team league. The 1945 Senators represented the 45th edition of the Major League Baseball franchise and were the last of the 20th-century Senators to place higher than fourth in the American League; the team moved to Minneapolis–Saint Paul in 1961 to become the modern Minnesota Twins.


1945 Washington Senators season
When the regular season ended on September 30, Washington trailed the pennant-winning Detroit Tigers (88–65) by 11⁄2 games. But because of World War II travel restrictions and the need to convert Griffith Stadium's playing field to host its autumn football tenants, the NFL Washington Redskins and Georgetown University, the Senators' 1945 schedule had actually ended seven days before, on Sunday, September 23. On that day, the "Griffs" stood one full game behind 86–64 Detroit. As the idle Senators waited, the Tigers had four games to play, two each against the fifth-place Cleveland Indians and third-place St. Louis Browns.


1945 Washington Senators season
After splitting against the Indians, Detroit was rained out for three days in St. Louis. When the Tigers defeated the Browns 6–3 in the first game of the doubleheader on September 30 (on a come-from-behind, grand slam home run by Hank Greenberg), the Tigers clinched the pennant. The second game of the twin bill was rained out.


1945 Washington Senators season
Outstanding pitching drove the 1945 Senators' success. Washington led the American League in team earned run average (2.92). Its starting rotation featured four knuckleball artists—Roger Wolff, Dutch Leonard, Johnny Niggeling and Mickey Haefner—who combined for 60 victories. Wolff and Leonard posted sterling 2.12 and 2.13 earned run averages, third and fourth in the league.


1945 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1945 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1945 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1945 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1945 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1945 Washington State Cougars football team
The 1945 Washington State Cougars football team was an American football team that represented Washington State College in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1945 college football season. First-year head coach Phil Sarboe led the team to a 6–2–1 mark in the PCC and 6–2–1 overall. The season marked the resumption of play after the conclusion of World War II; the Cougars last fielded a team in 1942.


1945 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1944 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 44th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.


1945 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
On 21 October 1945, Mount Sion won the championship after a 3-08 to 2-05 defeat of Dungarvan in the final. This was their fifth championship title overall and their first title since 1943.


1945 Wayne Tartars football team
The 1945 Wayne Tartars football team represented Wayne University (later renamed Wayne State University) as an independent during the 1945 college football season. The team compiled a 2–5–1 record.


1945 Wayne Tartars football team
Joe Gembis was in his 14th and final year as head coach. Nicholas Cherup was the team captain. Cherup was also selected as the most valuable player.


1945 West Virginia Mountaineers football team
The 1945 West Virginia Mountaineers football team was an American football team that represented West Virginia University as an independent during the 1945 college football season. In its ninth season under head coach Ira Rodgers, the team compiled a 2–6–1 record and was outscored by a total of 126 to 122. The team played its home games at Mountaineer Field in Morgantown, West Virginia. Joe Pozego was the team captain.


1945 Western Maori by-election
The Western Maori by-election 1945 was a by-election held in the Western Maori electorate during the 28th New Zealand Parliament, on 10 February 1945.


1945 Western Maori by-election, Background
The by-election was caused by the death of incumbent MP Toko Ratana on 30 October 1944. He had been the MP since 1935.


1945 Western Maori by-election, Background
The by-election was won by his younger brother Matiu Ratana who also succeeded him as head of the Ratana Church. They were sons of the church founder T W Ratana. Ratana had an electoral alliance with Labour.


1945 Western Maori by-election, Background
The challenger Pei te Hurinui Jones was supported by National and Kingitanga, the Maori King Movement.


1945 Western Maori by-election, Background
Kaponga Erueti who had initially announced his intention to contest the election as an Independent Labour candidate later decided to withdraw from the contest, his withdrawal came late enough that his name still appeared on the ballot paper.


1945 Western Maori by-election, Background
The other six challengers all lost their deposits, although one motorist complainant was aggrieved that all the candidates got a petrol allocation of 250 gallons when the usual personal allocation was ten or fifteen gallons!


1945 Western Maori by-election, Results
The following table gives the election results (the results included some "servicemens votes"  from overseas):


1945 Western Michigan Broncos football team
The 1945 Western Michigan Broncos football team represented Western Michigan College of Education (later renamed Western Michigan University) as an independent during the 1945 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach John Gill, the Broncos compiled a 4–3 record and outscored their opponents, 147 to 105. The team played its home games at Waldo Stadium in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Tackle Ned Stuits received the team's most outstanding player award.


1945 Wichita Shockers football team
The 1945 Wichita Shockers football team represented the Municipal University of Wichita in the 1945 college football season. In their second and final year under head coach Melvin J. Binford, the Shockers compiled a 6–2 record during the season. The Shockers participated in their first year in the Missouri Valley Conference and compiled a 1–1 conference record en route to a third-place finish in conference play.


1945 Wiley Wildcats football team
The 1945 Wiley Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented Wiley College in the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1945 college football season. In their 23rd season under head coach Fred T. Long, the Wildcats compiled a 10–0 record (6–0 against SWAC opponents), defeated Florida A&M in the Orange Blossom Classic, won the SWAC championship, shut out seven of ten opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 356 to 19. The Wiley team was also recognized as the 1945 black college national champion.


1945 Wiley Wildcats football team
Assistant coach Harry Long, the brother of head coach Fred T. Long, suffered a heart attack in the first quarter of the Orange Blossom Classic. He died in an ambulance en route to a hospital. The victory sealed the Wildcats' national championship, but, after the game, the team sprawled out on the bench and the ground and wept over the Long's death.


1945 William & Mary Indians football team
The 1945 William & Mary Indians football team represented William & Mary during the 1945 college football season.


1945 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The 1945 Wisconsin Badgers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Wisconsin in the 1945 Big Ten Conference football season. The team compiled a 3–4–2 record (2–3–1 against conference opponents) and finished in sixth place in the Big Ten Conference. Harry Stuhldreher was in his 10th year as Wisconsin's head coach. The team led the Big Ten with an average of 310 yards of total offense per game.


1945 Wisconsin Badgers football team
Don Kindt tied for the lead in the Big Ten with 36 points scored, and Rex Johns led the conference with an average of 40.8 yards per punt. Tackle Clarence Esser received the team's most valuable player award. Esser also received first-team honors from the Associated Press on the 1945 All-Big Ten Conference football team. Jack Mead was the team captain.


1945 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The team played its home games at Camp Randall Stadium. During the 1945 season, the average attendance at home games was 32,666.


1945 Wisła Kraków season
The 1945 season was Wisła Kraków's 37th year as a club.


1945 Women's Western Open
The 1945 Women's Western Open was a golf competition held at Highland Golf & Country Club, which was the 16th edition of the event. Babe Zaharias won the championship in match play competition by defeating Dorothy Germain in the final match, 4 and 2.


1945 Women's Western Open
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1945 Women's Western Open
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1945 World Series
The 1945 World Series matched the American League Champion Detroit Tigers against the National League Champion Chicago Cubs. The Tigers won the Series in seven games, giving them their second championship and first since 1935.


1945 World Series
Paul Richards picked up four runs batted in in the seventh game of the series, to lead the Tigers to the 9–3 game win, and 4–3 Series win.


1945 World Series
The World Series again used the 3–4 wartime setup for home field sites, instead of the normal 2–3–2. Although the major hostilities of World War II had ended, some of the rules were still in effect. Many of the majors' better players were still in military service. Warren Brown, author of a history of the Cubs in 1946, commented on this by titling one chapter "World's Worst Series". He also cited a famous quote of his, referencing himself anonymously and in the third person. When asked who he liked in the Series, he answered, "I don't think either one of them can win it."


1945 World Series
In a similar vein, Frank Graham jokingly called this Series "the fat men versus the tall men at the office picnic."


1945 World Series
One player decidedly not fitting that description was the Tigers' slugger Hank Greenberg, who had been discharged from military service early. He hit the only two Tigers homers in the Series, and scored seven runs overall and also drove in seven.


1945 World Series
The Curse of the Billy Goat originated in this Series before the start of Game 4. Having last won the Series in 1908, the Cubs owned the dubious record of both the longest league pennant drought and the longest World Series drought in history, not winning (or appearing in) another World Series until 2016.


1945 World Series
The Series was a rematch of the 1935 World Series. In Game 6, Stan Hack led off the top of the ninth inning of Game 6 with a triple but was stranded, and the Cubs lost the game and the Series. Hack was still with the Cubs in 1945. According to Warren Brown's account, Hack was seen surveying the field before the first Series game. When asked what he was doing, Hack responded, "I just wanted to see if I was still standing there on third base."


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
The visiting Cubs began with a bang, scoring four times in the first. With two outs and runners on first and third, a passed ball by future Hall of Famer Hal Newhouser scored the game's first run. After an intentional walk, a two-run Bill Nicholson double and Mickey Livingston's RBI single made it 4–0 Cubs. In the third, after a leadoff double, Phil Cavarretta's single and Andy Pafko's double scored a run each. One out later, Livingston's second RBI single of the game knocked Newhouser out of the game.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
Cavarretta's two-out home run in the seventh off Jim Tobin made it 8–0. Pafko then singled, stole second, moved to third on a passed ball, and scored the game's last run on Nicholson's single. Hank Borowy pitched a complete game shutout despite allowing 12 base runners as the Cubs took a 1–0 series lead.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
The Cubs struck first when Phil Cavarretta doubled with one out in the fourth and scored on Bill Nicholson's single. After 13 innings without a run, Detroit finally got going in a big way in the fifth. Hank Wyse got two outs, before allowing a single and walk. Doc Cramer's RBI single tied the game before Hank Greenberg's three-run home run put the Tigers up 4–1. Virgil Trucks allowed no other runs in a complete game as the Tigers tied the series at a game apiece.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Claude Passeau pitched a complete game one-hitter. The only hit of the game came with two outs in the second inning off the bat of Rudy York. Other Series pitchers in the "low-hit Complete Game Club" are:


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
The Cubs scored two runs in the fourth off Stubby Overmire on RBI singles by Bill Nicholson and Roy Hughes after a leadoff double and one-out walk. They added another run in the seventh off Al Benton when Mickey Livingston hit a leadoff double, moved to third on a groundout and scored on Claude Passeau's sacrifice fly. They now led the series 2–1.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
The Series shifted to Wrigley Field and the so-called Curse of the Billy Goat began. Dizzy Trout went the distance for Detroit with a five-hitter. A four-run fourth against Cub starter Ray Prim gave Trout all the runs he needed. After a one-out walk and single, Hank Greenberg's RBI single and Roy Cullenbine's RBI double knocked starter Ray Prim out of the game. Paul Derringer intentionally walked Rudy York before Jimmy Outlaw's groundout and Paul Richards's single scored a run each. The Cubs scored their only run of the game in the sixth when Don Johnson hit a leadoff triple and scored on Peanuts Lowrey's groundout. The series was now tied 2–2.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Back in form, Hal Newhouser went the distance for Detroit, striking out nine. The Tigers struck first in the top of the third on Doc Cramer's sacrifice fly with runners on first and third, but the Cubs tied the game in the bottom half when Hank Borowy doubled with two outs and scored on Stan Hack's single. In the sixth, Cramer hit a leadoff single and scored on Hank Greenberg's double. After a single, Rudy York's RBI single knocked starter Hank Borowy out of the game.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Hy Vandenberg in relief intentionally walked Paul Richards with one out to load the bases before a walk to Newhouser and Skeeter Webb's groundout scored a run each. Next inning, Jimmy Outlaw's sacrifice fly with runners on first and third off Paul Derringer made it 6–1 Tigers. In the bottom of the inning, with runners on first and third with two outs, Bill Nicholson's fielder's choice and Mickey Livingston's ground-rule double scored a run each. In the ninth, after a hit-by-pitch and double, Roy Cullenbine's two-run double off Paul Erickson made it 8–3 Tigers. In the bottom half, Phil Cavarretta hit a leadoff double and scored on Nicholson's one out single before Newhouser retired the next two batters to end the game and put the Tigers one win away from the championship.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 6
In Game 6, the Tigers struck first on a bases-loaded walk to Paul Richards by Claude Passeau in the second. In the fifth with the bases loaded off Virgil Trucks, Stan Hack's two-run single put the Cubs up 2–1. After another walk loaded the bases, Phil Cavarretta's two-run single knocked Trucks out of the game. Back-to-back leadoff doubles next inning by Mickey Livingston and Roy Hughes off Tommy Bridges made it 5–1 Cubs.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 6
In the top of the seventh with two on and two outs, RBI singles by Roy Cullenbine off Passeau and Rudy York off Hank Wyse cut the Cubs' lead to 5–3, but they got those runs back in the bottom half on a bases loaded walk to Livingston by Bridges followed by Roy Hughes's RBI single off Al Benton. In the top of the eighth, after a leadoff walk and double, an error on Joe Hoover's ground ball scored a run, then Eddie Mayo's RBI single scored another with Hoover going to third and Mayo being tagged out at second.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 6
Ray Prim relieved Wyse and allowed a sacrifice fly to Doc Cramer before Hank Greenburg's home run tied the game. In the 12th, after a one-out single by Frank Secory off Dizzy Trout, pinch-runner Bill Schuster came all the way around on Stan Hack's walk-off double to left, forcing a Game 7.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 6
Besides being the last World Series game the Cubs won until 2016, this would also be the second—and last—World Series game that the Cubs would win before their hometown fans at Wrigley Field, until 2016. The only other Wrigley victory was Game 5 in 1935.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 7
The Cubs went with the overworked Borowy, who lasted just three batters, each of whom singled, the last of which scoring a run. Paul Derringer replaced him, intentionally walked Roy Cullenbine with one out to load the bases, then one out later, walked Jimmy Outlaw before Paul Richards cleared the bases with a three-run double. The Cubs got a run in the bottom of the first on Phil Cavarretta's RBI single with two on off Hal Newhouser, but in the second, Derringer allowed a two-out single, then three consecutive walks to force in another run.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 7
The Cubs got another run in the fourth when Cavaretta singled and scored on Andy Pafko's triple. In the seventh, Cullenbine drew a leadoff walk off Paul Erickson and scored on Paul Richards's two-out double. Next inning, Skeeter Webb drew a leadoff walk off Claude Passeau and scored on Eddie Mayo's double. After moving to third on a groundout, he scored on Hank Greenberg's sacrifice fly. The Cubs scored just one more run in the bottom of the inning on Bill Richardson's RBI double with two on as Newhouser pitched a complete game to give the Tigers the championship.


1945 World Series, Matchups, Game 7
The Tigers would not make another World Series appearance until winning it in 1968, while the Cubs would not make the Postseason again until 1984 and not appear in another Series until 2016.


1945 World Series, Composite box
1945 World Series (4–3): Detroit Tigers (A.L.) over Chicago Cubs (N.L.)


1945 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1945 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1945 college football season. The Bulldogs were led by fourth-year head coach Howard Odell, played their home games at the Yale Bowl and finished the season with a 6–3 record.


1945 Yanks season
The 1945 Yanks season was their second in the National Football League. They merged with the Brooklyn Tigers for the season and played under the name Yanks. The team improved on their previous season's output of 2–8, winning three games. They failed to qualify for the playoffs for the second consecutive season. Four home games were played in Boston and the home game against the New York Giants was played at Yankee Stadium. The result of these two teams merging for a season is similar to the Steagles and Card-Pitt teams.


1945 Yanks season, 1945 season
The Yanks started well with an win at Fenway Park over Pittsburgh, played on Tuesday, September 25, as both Boston baseball teams were at home over the weekend. (As of 2021, this is the last NFL game actually scheduled to be played on a Tuesday.) After a victory over eventual Eastern Division champion Washington, a tie with the Giants in Yankee Stadium and splitting two road games, the Yanks were 3-1-1, tied with the 3-1 Redskins atop the East (ties did not count in the standings then).


1945 Yanks season, 1945 season
After that, it all came apart. After a tough 10-9 loss to Detroit in Fenway Park (Don Currivan caught a touchdown pass late in the fourth quarter only to watch the extra point attempt go awry), the Yanks were crushed in their final four contests, finding the end zone only three times while allowing a whopping 117 points. They finished 3-6-1, tied for third with New York.


1945 Yanks season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1945 Yugoslav First Basketball League
The 1945 Yugoslav First Basketball League season was the inaugural season of the Yugoslav First Basketball League, the top-tier level basketball competition in Yugoslavia. The league launched with 5 teams playing a single-elimination tournament held in Subotica, PR Serbia. Teams participating in the season were selections of three Yugoslav constituent republics (PR Croatia, PR Macedonia, and PR Serbia), one autonomous province (AP Vojvodina), as well as the Yugoslav People's Army selection. The tournament concluded with the Yugoslav Army team defeating the Serbia team, 21–18, in the Final.


1945 Yugoslav First Basketball League, Rosters
The following is a list of players and coached who played in the 1945 season.


1945 Yugoslav Football Tournament
In 1945, in the still existing Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, football once again began to be played nationally after a six-year hiatus due to World War II.


1945 Yugoslav Football Tournament
The first post-war national tournament was a hastily organized week-long competition in cup format from September 3 until September 9, 1945. Each federal unit (socialist republic) within FPR Yugoslavia gathered a representative team. There were six teams representing Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia and Slovenia, one team representing the autonomous region within Serbia, Vojvodina, and the final team being the Yugoslav People's Army (Jugoslovenska Narodna Armija, JNA) football team.


1945 Yugoslav Football Tournament, Cup, Champions
Srđan MrkušićLjubomir LovrićMiomir PetrovićMiodrag JovanovićMilovan Ćirić (c)Ljubiša FilipovićMilan KrstićBranko StankovićRadovan DomaćinMilivoje ĐurđevićKosta TomaševićJovan JezerkićRajko MitićNikola PerlićAleksandar PanićMomčilo ŠapinacVladimir PečenčićĐura HorvatinovićMiodrag SavićD. Jovanović


1945 Yugoslav Women's Basketball League
The 1945 Yugoslav Women's Basketball League is the 1st season of the Yugoslav Women's Basketball League, the highest professional basketball league in Yugoslavia for women's. Championships is played in 1945 in Subotica and played two teams. Champion for this season is national team of SR Serbia.


1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Yugoslavia on 11 November 1945. Due to an opposition boycott, the governing People's Front, dominated by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, was the only organisation to participate in the elections. The Front officially claimed 90.48 percent of the vote, with turnout at 88.57 percent.


1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election, Electoral system
The elections were held under a system approved by the Yugoslav Provisional Parliament. Prime Minister Josip Broz Tito claimed it was to be the "most democratic Yugoslavia has ever had" and promised that the opposition would be allowed to participate in the elections. All men and women over 18 were granted the right to vote, although "traitors" were denied the right to vote. The government claimed this covered around 3% of voters, although the opposition put the figure much higher. Over seven million people were ultimately registered.


1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election, Electoral system
The electoral law provided for a bicameral Constitutional Assembly with a 354-seat National Assembly and a 175-seat Assembly of Nations. The National Assembly had one seat for every 40,000 voters. Voting was conducted using rubber balls, which voters deposited in a ballot box marked with the label of the party they intended to vote for. Voters had to place their hands in both ballot boxes to maintain the secrecy of which party they had voted for.


1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election, Electoral system
Despite the opposition boycott, ballot boxes for the opposition were placed in polling stations alongside those for the People's Front following an amendment to the electoral law.


1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election, Campaign
The People's Front consisted of the major pre-war parties in the country, and ran under the slogan "Confirm our Victory".


1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election, Campaign
Despite claiming significant support in Croatia and Serbia, the pro-monarchy opposition refused to contest the elections, claiming to have faced intimidation. An opposition newspaper, Demokratija, was closed down a week before the elections, with the government claiming it was attempting to damage Yugoslav Army morale and encourage foreign intervention.


1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election, Results, National Assembly
Eighteen days after the elections, the newly elected legislature formally abolished the monarchy and declared the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. This marked the onset of Communist rule in the country. For the next four decades, voters' choice of candidates was limited to those from the People's Front and its successor, the Socialist Alliance of Working People of Yugoslavia.


1945 college football season
The 1945 college football season finished with the undefeated United States Military Academy, more popularly known as "Army", being the unanimous choice for the nation's number one team by the 116 voters in the Associated Press writers' poll. The runner up was the undefeated Alabama Crimson Tide, followed by the United States Naval Academy, more popularly known as "Navy". In 2016, the American Football Coaches Association retroactively named the Oklahoma A&M Cowboys national champion for 1945.


1945 college football season
During the 20th century, the NCAA had no playoff for the college football teams that would later be described as "Division I-A". The NCAA did recognize a national champion based upon the final results of the Associated Press poll of sportswriters (the UPI Coaches Poll would not start until 1950). The extent of that recognition came in the form of acknowledgment in the annual NCAA Football Guide of the "unofficial" national champions.


1945 college football season
Several new bowl games would debut at the end of the 1945 season, among them the Gator Bowl.


1945 college football season, September
The Associated Press did not poll the writers until the third week of the season. Among the teams that had been ranked highest at the end of 1944, the two service academies—Army and Navy, as well as Ohio State, USC and Michigan. Among the service teams that had ranked high in 1944, Randolph Field, Bainbridge Naval, and Iowa Pre-flight no longer played against college teams. Some service teams still remained in place, even after the end of World War II.


1945 college football season, September
On September 15, Michigan beat Great Lakes Navy, 27–2. On September 22, Michigan lost to Indiana, 13–7. Minnesota beat Missouri, 34–0. In a Friday night game in Los Angeles, USC beat UCLA 13–6. September 29 Notre Dame beat Illinois 7–0, Army beat Louisville Field, 32–0, and Navy beat Villanova 49–0. USC won at California, 13–2, and Ohio State won at Missouri 47–6.