1943 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Nine
Hurricane San Calixto of 1943 A tropical storm was documented passing through the Windward Islands into the Caribbean Sea early on October 11. It intensified into a hurricane by 12:00 UTC the next morning, whereupon it began a curve toward the north. The cyclone passed through the Mona Passage and attained its peak a Category 2 hurricane with winds of 110 mph (175 km/h) shortly thereafter. Passing within 180 mi (290 km) of Bermuda, it produced winds around tropical storm-force there before it was last documented over the northwestern Atlantic early on October 17.


1943 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Nine
As the cyclone entered the Caribbean Sea, it produced maximum winds of 40–50 mph (64–80 km/h) in Saint Lucia. Puerto Rico recorded winds near 60 mph (97 km/h) which unroofed houses. Heavy rainfall, peaking at 17.6 in (447 mm) in Toro Negro, led to flooding in several communities. The combination of strong winds, heavy rainfall, and high seas resulted in severe damage to the island's coffee crop. As the hurricane passed through the western Atlantic, Bermuda recorded a period of tropical storm-force winds. The USS Lee Fox encountered the storm on its voyage and was nearly capsized.


1943 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Nine
As a post-tropical cyclone, the system produced winds near 70 mph (110 km/h) across Nova Scotia, cut electricity to Liverpool and Annapolis Valley (where the apple crop sustained $300,000 in losses), and disrupted telephone service in Halifax. Heavy surf washed out a 200 ft (60 m) section of railway in Shelburne while some railway lines in Lockeport suffered damage. A barge was severed from a large ship in Halifax and went aground on Georges Island.


1943 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Ten
The final tropical cyclone of the season formed about 160 mi (260 km) northeast of the Honduras–Nicaragua border around 12:00 UTC on October 20. The fledgling cyclone intensified into a tropical storm twelve hours later and then attained winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) a while thereafter, marking its peak intensity. The system moved west for several days and passed through the Belize Barrier Reef before executing a sharp eastward turn early on October 24, causing only delayed shipping and aviation schedules, as well as peak winds of 35 mph (56 km/h) in the Swan Islands. From there, it maintained its status as a weak storm before transitioning into a post-tropical cyclone about 130 mi (215 km) southwest of the Cayman Islands by 06:00 UTC on October 26.


1943 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Other systems
On June 23, a 1,015 mb (hPa; 29.98 inHg) closed low—likely a tropical depression–was documented over the Little Bahama Banks. It drifted slowly northwest, moving ashore near the Florida–Georgia border by early on June 27. Gusty winds were recorded in Jacksonville and Savannah, but otherwise no impacts of note occurred.


1943 Atlantic hurricane season, Season effects
This is a table of all the storms that have formed in the 1943 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their duration, names, landfall(s), denoted in parentheses, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all the damage figures are in 1943 USD.


1943 Auburn state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Auburn on 2 October 1943. following the resignation of Jack Lang who had resigned to unsuccessfully contest the seat of Reid at the 1943 Australian federal election. Having failed to enter federal politics, he contested and won the by-election for his state seat.


1943 Australian federal election
The 1943 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 21 August 1943. All 74 seats in the House of Representatives and 19 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Labor Party, led by Prime Minister John Curtin, defeated the opposition Country–UAP coalition led by Arthur Fadden in a landslide.


1943 Australian federal election
Fadden, the leader of the Country Party, was serving as Leader of the Opposition despite the Country Party holding fewer seats in parliament than the United Australia Party (UAP). He was previously the Prime Minister in August 1941, after he was chosen by the coalition parties to lead the government after the forced resignation of Prime Minister Robert Menzies, the UAP leader. However, he stayed in office for only six weeks before the two independents who held the balance of power joined Labor in voting down his budget. Governor-General Lord Gowrie was reluctant to call an election for a parliament barely a year old, especially considering the international situation. At his urging, the independents threw their support to Labor for the remainder of the parliamentary term.


1943 Australian federal election
Over the next two years, Curtin proved to be a very popular and effective leader, and the Coalition was unable to get the better of him. A number of groups split away from the UAP prior to the election, the most prominent of which was the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). Labor thus went into the election in a strong position, and scored an 18-seat swing on 58 percent of the two-party vote. The Coalition saw its seat count cut by around a third since the last election, to 23 seats—including only nine for the Country Party. Notably, Labor won every seat in Western Australia and all but one in South Australia. Archie Cameron, the member for Barker in South Australia, was left as the only Coalition MP outside the eastern states. The LDP did not win any seats.


1943 Australian federal election
This election was significant in the fact that it resulted in the election of the first female member of the House of Representatives, the UAP's Enid Lyons for Darwin, Tasmania; and the first female Senator, Labor's Dorothy Tangney in Western Australia. The election remains Labor's greatest federal victory in terms of proportion of seats and two-party votes in the lower house, and primary vote in the Senate.


1943 Australian federal election
The lack of effective opposition to the Labor party in the lead up and following the election became the catalyst for the creation of the Liberal Party of Australia from the ashes of the UAP, and for George Cole & Keith Murdoch among other big business magnates to form the conservative think tank the Institute of Public Affairs.


1943 Australian federal election
This was the last major election that did not involve the current Liberal and Labor Party competition.


1943 Australian federal election, Results, House of Representatives
Australian federal election, 21 August 1943House of Representatives << 1940–1946 >>


1943 BRUSA Agreement
The 1943 BRUSA Agreements  (Britain–United States of America agreement)  was an agreement between the British and US governments to facilitate co-operation between  the US War Department and the British Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS). It followed the 1942 "Holden Agreement".


1943 BRUSA Agreement
The Sinkov Mission of January 1941 from America had visited Bletchley Park the Government Code and Cypher School Headquarters in England, met British "codebreakers" including Alan Turing, and negotiated an agreement to collaborate on cryptological work (see Ultra). However the details given about Enigma may have been sketchy.


1943 BRUSA Agreement
Colonel Alfred McCormack of the Special Branch of Military Intelligence Service, Colonel Telford Taylor of Military Intelligence, and Lieutenant Colonel William Friedman visited Bletchley Park in April 1943. The American trio worked with Commander Edward Travis (RN), the head of the British communications intelligence (COMINT) facility; and shared their solution to the Japanese Purple machine.


1943 BRUSA Agreement
This led to the signing of the 1943 BRUSA Agreement on 17 May, which was a formal agreement to share intelligence information. It covered:


1943 BRUSA Agreement
The security regulations, procedures and protocols for co-operation formed the basis for all signals intelligence (SIGINT) activities of both the US National Security Agency and the British GCHQ.


1943 BRUSA Agreement
The agreement was formalized by the UKUSA Agreement in 1946. This document was signed on 5 March 1946 by Colonel Patrick Marr-Johnson (who had headed the Wireless Experimental Centre in Delhi during the war) for the U.K.'s London Signals Intelligence Board and Lieutenant General Hoyt Vandenberg for the U.S. State–Army–Navy Communication Intelligence Board.


1943 BRUSA Agreement, Holden Agreement
The Holden Agreement of October 1942 gave the United States overall responsibility for Japanese naval codes, although with continued British participation.


1943 BRUSA Agreement, Holden Agreement
The agreement specifically stated that Eric Nave was not to work at FRUMEL the Australian naval codebreaking establishment run by USN Lieutenant Rudolph (Rudy) Fabian. Fabian thought Nave had breached security with his desire to share information with the Army Central Bureau, where Nave transferred to (and was welcomed).


1943 Bainbridge Commodores football team
The 1943 Bainbridge Naval Training Station Commodores football team represented the United States Naval Training Center Bainbridge, Maryland during the 1943 college football season. The team compiled a 7–0 record, outscored opponents by a total of 313 to 7, and was ranked No. 17 in the final AP Poll. Joe Maniaci was the team's head coach.


1943 Bainbridge Commodores football team, Roster
Bainbridge's 1943 roster was loaded with star players from the college and professional ranks. Its backfield included:


1943 Baltimore mayoral election
The 1943 Baltimore mayoral election saw the election of Theodore McKeldin.


1943 Barzani revolt
The 1943–1945 Barzani revolt was a Kurdish nationalistic insurrection in the Kingdom of Iraq, during World War II. The revolt was led by Mustafa Barzani and was later joined by his older brother Ahmed Barzani, the leader of the previous Kurdish revolt in Iraq. The revolt, initiating in 1943, was eventually put down by the Iraqi assault in late 1945, combined with the defection of a number of Kurdish tribes. As a result, the Barzanis retreated with much of their forces into Iranian Kurdistan, joining the local Kurdish elements in establishing the Republic of Mahabad.


1943 Barzani revolt, Background
Ahmed Barzani revolt was the first of the major Barzani revolts and the third Kurdish nationalistic insurrection in modern Iraq. The revolt began in 1931, after Ahmed Barzani, one of the most prominent Kurdish leaders in Southern Kurdistan, succeeded in unifying a number of other Kurdish tribes. The ambitious Kurdish leader enlisted a number of Kurdish leaders into the revolt, including his young brother Mustafa Barzani, who became one of the most notable commanders during this revolt. The Barzan forces were eventually overpowered by Iraqi Army with British support, forcing the leaders of Barzan to go underground.


1943 Barzani revolt, Background
After the 1931 events, Mulla Mustafa was reunited with Shaykh Ahmed Barzani as the Iraqi government arrested the brothers and exiled them to Mosul in 1933. The two Barzanis were transferred to various cities in Iraq throughout the 1930s and early 1940s. During this time their stops included Mosul, Baghdad, Nasiriya, Kifri, and Altin Kopru before finally ending in Sulaymaniya. Meanwhile, back in Barzan, the remaining Barzani tribal fighters were faced with constant pressures of arrest or death.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, British occupation
As World War II began to occupy the attention of the world's nations, the Barzanis and their tribe were still internally separated and remained at odds with the Iraqi government. The British occupation of Iraq in 1941, presumably to ensure Iraqi compliance with the Allied cause would indirectly lead to a reunion between Mustafa Barzani and his people and again pose a challenge to Iraqi authority. In 1943, with inflation gripping Iraq and the British showing little concern about the Kurdish issue, the Barzani family found themselves unable to subsist on their meager government funds.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, British occupation
Still in exile in Sulaymaniya, the Barzani financial situation became so dire the family resorted to selling their rifles and their gold jewelry. The indignation of having to part with their family fortune and their methods of self-defense led Mustafa Barzani to plot his return to Barzan. The impetus for Barzani's return was strictly economic, not nationalist nor caused by a desire to counter any anti-British sentiment in Kurdistan, although Barzani did have contacts within Kurdish nationalist circles in Sulaymaniya, who may have aided him in his escape.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, First phase of insurrection
After receiving permission from Shaykh Ahmad Barzani, Mulla Mustafa, along with two close associates, fled Sulaymaniya and crossed into Iran. Once in the Iranian town of Shino, Barzani reunited with resettled members of the Barzani tribe and made his way to Barzan. Upon his return, Mulla Mustafa became "the immediate object of attention from his own followers, the chiefs of neighboring tribes, Iraqi government officials who wished to reintern him, and members of the Kurdish nationalist movement". This latter group included Mir Hajj Ahmad and Mustafa Krushnaw, Kurdish officers in the Iraqi army and members of Hiwa, an underground Kurdish nationalist movement.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, First phase of insurrection
Upon his return to Barzan, Mulla Mustafa recruited a force to challenge regional Iraqi authority. Numbering nearly 750 in only two weeks, Barzani fighters began small operations such as raiding police stations and frontier posts. These early raids demonstrated the growing military organization of Barzani's forces. Although still mostly tribal, enrollment in Barzani's force grew to nearly 2,000 within months as local Kurds, including those deserting the Iraqi army, joined the ranks. In order to organize this growing force, Barzani created combat groups of 15-30 men; appointed Muhammad Amin Mirkhan, Mamand Maseeh, and Saleh Kaniya Lanji commanders; and instilled strict rules of soldierly conduct.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, First phase of insurrection
Throughout 1943, Barzani and his fighters seized police stations and re-supplied themselves with Iraqi arms and ammunition. Once levels of command were created, Barzani established his headquarters in Bistri, a village halfway between his Rawanduz and Barzan forces. Barzani's forces achieved victories in the Battle of Gora Tu and the Battle of Mazna. During these battles, Barzani forces were able to defeat trained, organized, and well-supplied Iraqi army units.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, Diplomacy
Barzani petitioned the Iraqi government for autonomy as well as the release of Kurdish prisoners, including Shaykh Ahmed Barzani. Although the autonomy request was denied, the Iraqi government did negotiate with Barzani throughout the early 1940s. These negotiations led to the release of Shaykh Ahmed in early 1944. Due to Iraqi recognition and Barzani's wide influence and power, Kurdish patriots began to rally around Barzani, showing him their respect and turning him into the "national beacon of the Kurdish liberation movement".


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, Diplomacy
Diplomacy between Mustafa Barzani and the Iraqi government began on a positive note, partially due to several Kurdish sympathizers within the Iraqi government. However, after the resignation of the Iraqi cabinet in 1944, a new ruling body took over, one far less willing to give into Kurdish aspirations. As a result, previous concessions were ignored and pro-Kurdish diplomats were dismissed, opening a new round of Iraqi–Kurdish hostilities.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, Diplomacy
With his position only strengthened by the previous administration, Mustafa Barzani continued his demands, while simultaneously preparing his forces for further military actions. Knowing the conflict was imminent, Barzani divided his forces into three fronts: a MargavarRawanduz front, commanded by former Iraqi official Mustafa Khoshnaw; an Imadia front, led by Izzat Abd al-Aziz; and an Aqra front, led by Sheikh Sulayman Barzani. All elements would be accountable to Mustafa Barzani, the self-proclaimed "Commander-In-Chief of the Revolutionary Forces". Mustafa Barzani, with the approval of Shaykh Ahmad Barzani, also formed the Rizgari Kurd (the Kurdish Freedom Party) in early 1945. Consisting primarily of Kurdish officers, government officials, and professionals, Rizgari Kurd intended to unify the Kurds, establish autonomy or independence within Iraq, and continue to create armed units to defend Kurdistan.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, Second phase (1945)
Despite Barzani's order to his military to "not initiate fighting", conflict re-erupted in August 1945 in the town of Margavar. This violence led to the death of prominent Kurd Wali Beg and several Iraqi police officers. As a result of Beg's demise, the Kurdish populace, without any military authorization, overran the police stations in Margavar and Barzan. Barzani quickly returned from arbitrating a local tribal dispute and took command of the revolt. Against British advice, the Iraqi government attempted to pacify the region, declaring martial law, threatening military action, and demanding Barzani's surrender. With diplomacy no longer an option, the Iraqis deployed numerous army units to the region to subdue the growing rebellion.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, Second phase (1945)
In preparation for the conflict, Mustafa Barzani met with Shaykh Ahmed Barzani to decide who should command the forces against the looming Iraqi threat. The Barzanis decided that Mustafa Barzani himself should lead the Aqra force; Mohammad Siddique Barzani, brother of Shaykh Ahmed and Mulla Mustafa, would lead the Margavar-Rawanduz front; Haji Taha Imadi would lead the Balenda-Imadia front; and As’ad Khosavi was given the responsibility of both surrounding the Bilah garrison and supplying the forces of the Aqra front. With command in place, the Barzani forces were able to dominate the early battles. The Iraqi army, attempting to seize the eastern slopes of Mount Qalandar, was driven back to the Gali Ali Beg Gorge. Although victorious, the Barzani forces did sustain numerous losses, including a serious injury to Commander Mohammad Siddique Barzani.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, Second phase (1945)
On 4 September 1945 the Iraqi assault continued, as army units from Aqra and Rawanduz and a police unit from Amadia were deployed towards Barzan. A few days later in the Battle of Maidan Morik, Barzani fighters once again held their own against Iraqi mechanized and artillery batteries. As the battles degenerated to hand-to-hand combat, the Iraqi army, presumably losing command and control, was forced to retreat temporarily from the region. While Iraqi ground forces withdrew, the air raids kept on going.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, Second phase (1945)
Despite the early Barzani victories, by the end of September 1945 the Iraqi government turned the tide of the conflict, convincing regional tribes to oppose the Barzanis and aid in suppressing the revolt. These tribal fighters, including members of the Zibrari, Berwari, and Doski tribes, and elements of the Muhajarin, loyal to several of the sons of Sayyid Taha of Shemdinan, attacked Barzani and his men, uprooting them from their "defensive strongholds" and preventing them from further attacking Iraqi troops in the region.


1943 Barzani revolt, WWII and the Kurdish insurrection, Second phase (1945)
These "treasonous" assaults, combined with the Iraqi occupation of Barzan on 7 October, forced Barzani to order his forces to retreat from the region and cross into Iranian Kurdistan. Once there, the Barzani family and their supporters settled in various towns in the Mahabad area, joining the local Kurdish nationalist elements.


1943 Barzani revolt, Aftermath
The Mahabad Republic stands as the high point of the Kurdish nationalist movement. This short period of national identity marked the official creation of the peshmerga and cemented the role of Mustafa Barzani as a military hero of the Kurdish people. During the short life of this nation-state, the idea of a Kurdish homeland finally came into being. Unfortunately for the Kurds, the Republic lasted only 12 months, from December 1945 to December 1946.


1943 Barzani revolt, Aftermath
Following the failure of the Kurdish nation-state in Iran, Mustafa Barzani and his men retreated towards Iraq and eventually found refuge in the Soviet Union, where the Kurds were given sanctuary by the Soviets. Only in late 1950s, Mustafa Barzani would begin a process of reconciliation with the Iraqi government—which would, however, fail, and the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict would re-erupt into its most violent phase from 1961.


1943 Belfast West by-election
The Belfast West by-election 1943, was a  by-election held on 9 February 1943 for the British House of Commons constituency of Belfast West, in Northern Ireland. The seat had become vacant when the sitting Unionist Member of Parliament (MP)  Alexander Browne had died in December 1942.


1943 Belfast West by-election
The winner was Northern Ireland Labour Party candidate Jack Beattie, a shock result in what had previously been a Unionist safe seat.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre
The 1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre refers to a significant strike which escalated into riots amongst labourers working in the fields of the Belle Vue Harel Sugar Estate, near the village of Belle Vue Harel on the island of Mauritius in September 1943. The riots led to the death of 4 people with an additional 17 people being injured.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Events prior to the massacre, Letter of demand
In December 1942 labourers of Belle Vue Harel Sugar Estate were dissatisfied with the low wages being paid by the estate owners, the Harel and Rousset clans. Four of these workers (Andrée Moonsamy, Hurrynanan Boykount, Sirkisson Seenath and Kistnasamy Mooneesamy) wrote and signed a letter on behalf of all the estate's workers and sent it to the Director of Labour Department to ask for fairer compensation.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Events prior to the massacre, Strike of 14 days
As there was no response to their letter labourers at Belle Vue Harel Sugar Estate started to strike on 13 September 1943 in protest. They nominated Hurryparsad Ramnarain and Sharma Jugdambee to represent their interests on the Conciliation Board. In those days the interests of owners and growers of sugar cane were represented by the Labour Department and it was common practice for such conflicts to be resolved via the Conciliation Board meetings. On 17 September 1943 at a meeting of the Conciliation Board the Labour Department proposed an agreement to the 2 representatives Ramnarain and Jugdambee.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Events prior to the massacre, Strike of 14 days
Unfortunately these representatives failed to consult with the striking workers. A conflict of interest was also at play given that Ramnarain worked as a propagandist within the Department of Information which was headed by the Acting Director of Labour who also happened to be Chairman of the Conciliation Board. As a result the labourers of Belle Vue Harel rejected the new agreement and refused to resume work. They demanded the appointment of a new Conciliation Board and a fairer agreement.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Events prior to the massacre, Strike of 14 days
Seven days later on 24 September 1943 the owners of the sugar estate threatened workers who did not abide by his agreement to leave his sugar estate within 5 days. As the deadline of 29 September approached the owners and Labour Department had made arrangements with the local police to put an end to the strike.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Events prior to the massacre, Police intervention
On 27 September 1943 the workers organised a sit-in within the premises of the sugar estate. Police Constable Thancanamootoo disguised as a labourer was sent to the meeting to check on the striking labourers. However his cover was blown and the workers assaulted him. He fled to the estate manager's office and waited for his boss to arrive.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Events prior to the massacre, Police intervention
Deputy Commissioner of Police Allan Bell and Assistant Superintendent of Police Fondaumière eventually arrived with several armed policemen. They decided to proceed to the arrest of PC Thancanamootoo's aggressor but encountered a crowd of between 200 and 300 men, women, and children armed with sticks and stones. They surrounded and outnumbered the police and refused to give up their sticks and stones.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Martyrs
In an attempt to disperse the crowd police fired 16 shots and even a tear gas grenade at the crowd, resulting in 3 deaths, 5 labourers with bullet wounds and 12 others with slight injuries. Nine days later on 6 October 1943 a fourth labourer (Marday Panapen) died at the Civil Hospital in Port Louis, as a result of his bullet wounds. The three dead labourers were Soondrum Pavatdan (better known as Anjalay Coopen the 32 year old pregnant woman), Kistnasamy Mooneesamy (37 year old labourer), and Moonsamy Moonien (14 year old boy). Munien Munusami, who witnessed and survived the 1943 shooting, died in 2006 at the age of 84. Munusami recalled that the shooting outside a baitka had coincided with a religious ceremony and the strike.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Legacy
Basdeo Bissoondoyal the social worker and founder of the Jan Andolan movement organised the funeral ceremony of the four victims of the police shootings and it was attended by more than 1500 individuals.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Legacy
The 1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre took place 6 years after the Uba riots of 1937 in the same part of the world. Although the root causes are not the same they highlight the struggles and vulnerability of the Indo-Mauritian labourers and planters whose ancestors migrated to Mauritius under the British colonial rule. On 1 October 1943 a Commission of Enquiry was instigated and the Commissioners consisted of S. Moody, Dr. Eugène Laurent, Hon A. M. Osman, Mr the Justice G. Espitalier-Noel and His Honour Mr Rampersad Neerunjun. The Moody Commission of Enquiry report (published in 1944) reiterated several findings of the Hooper Commission which had followed the earlier 1937 UBA riots. Moreover they were very critical of the Police and of the Labour Department's failure to resolve this matter peacefully.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Legacy
The martyrs of the 1943 massacre at Belle Vue Harel were commemorated by Mauritian singer Siven Chinien in his song  which was released in his 1970s album Ratsitatane, Conscience Noire.


1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre, Legacy
The Government of Mauritius has acknowledged the historical importance of the massacre. Between 1995 and 2007 monuments and statues of Anjalay Coopen have been erected in the capital city Port Louis as well as in the village of Cottage. The Anjalay Stadium was also named after one of the four martyrs Anjalay.


1943 Belmont Stakes
The 1943 Belmont Stakes was the 75th running of the Belmont Stakes. It was the 37th Belmont Stakes held at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York and was held on June 5, 1943. With a field of three horses, heavily-favored Count Fleet, the winner of that year's Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes won the 1 1⁄2–mile race (12 f; 2.4 km) by 25 lengths over Fairy Manhurst.


1943 Belmont Stakes
With the win, Count Fleet became the sixth U. S. Triple Crown champion.


1943 Big Ten Conference football season
The 1943 Big Ten Conference football season was the 48th season of college football played by the member schools of the Big Ten Conference (also known as the Western Conference) and was a part of the 1943 college football season.


1943 Big Ten Conference football season
The 1943 Purdue Boilermakers football team compiled a perfect 9–0 record, tied for the Big Ten championship, led the conference in scoring defense (6.1 points per game), and were ranked No. 5 in the final AP Poll. Guard Alex Agase was a consensus first-team pick on the 1943 College Football All-America Team. Another guard, Dick Barwegen, received the team's most valuable player award.


1943 Big Ten Conference football season
Michigan, under head coach Fritz Crisler, compiled an 8–1, tied with Purdue for the conference championship, led the conference in scoring offense (33.6 points per game), and was ranked No. 3 in the final AP Poll. The team's sole loss was to consensus national champion Notre Dame. Bill Daley was a consensus first-team All-American and finished seventh in the voting for the Heisman Trophy. Bob Wiese received the team's most valuable player award.


1943 Big Ten Conference football season
Northwestern, under head coach Pappy Waldorf, compiled a 6–2 record and was ranked No. 9 in the final AP Poll. Quarterback Otto Graham received the Chicago Tribune Silver Football trophy as the most valuable player in the Big Ten. Northwestern's two losses were to No. 1 Notre Dame and No. 3 Michigan.


1943 Big Ten Conference football season, Season overview, Results and team statistics
KeyPPG = Average of points scored per gamePAG = Average of points allowed per gameMVP = Most valuable player as voted by players on each team as part of the voting process to determine the winner of the Chicago Tribune Silver Football trophy


1943 Big Ten Conference football season, Season overview, Bowl games
During the 1943 season, the Big Ten maintained its long-standing ban on postseason games. Accordingly, no Big Ten teams participated in any bowl games.


1943 Big Ten Conference football season, All-Big Ten players
The following players were picked by the Associated Press (AP) and/or the United Press (UP) as first-team players on the 1943 All-Big Ten Conference football team.


1943 Big Ten Conference football season, All-Americans
At the end of the 1943 season, Big Ten players secured two of the consensus first-team picks for the 1943 College Football All-America Team. The Big Ten's consensus All-Americans were:


1943 Big Ten Conference football season, All-Americans
Other Big Ten players who were named first-team All-Americans by at least one selector were:


1943 Big Ten Conference football season, 1944 NFL Draft
The following Big Ten players were selected in the first six rounds of the 1944 NFL Draft:


1943 Birmingham Aston by-election
The Birmingham Aston by-election of 1943 was held on 9 June 1943. The byelection was held due to the death during World War II of the incumbent Conservative MP, Edward Kellett. It was won by the Conservative candidate Redvers  Prior.


1943 Birthday Honours
The King's Birthday Honours 1943 were appointments by King George VI to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by people of the British Empire. They were published on 2 June 1943 for the United Kingdom and Canada.


1943 Birthday Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1943 Birthday Honours, British Empire, Royal Victorian Order, Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO)
At this time the two lowest classes of the Royal Victorian Order were "Member (fourth class)" and "Member (fifth class)", both with post-nominal letters MVO. "Member (fourth class)" was renamed "Lieutenant" (LVO) from the 1985 New Year Honours onwards.


1943 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)
The 1943 King's Birthday Honours in New Zealand, celebrating the official birthday of King George VI, were appointments made by the King to various orders and honours. The awards were made in recognition of war service by New Zealanders and were announced on 2 June 1943. No civilian awards were made.


1943 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.


1943 Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church
1943 meeting of the Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church held on September 8, 1943, was the first sobor of the Russian Orthodox Church since the 1917-1918 council. The assembly was held in Moscow in the Chisty Lane patriarchal residence that just had been returned to the Moscow Patriarchate by Soviet Government.


1943 Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church
The assembly unanimously elected Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna Sergius to be the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia.


1943 Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church, Participants
The assembly was attended by 19 bishops: all the bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church who at that time held their positions on the territories not occupied by Nazi troops, except the bishop of Kuban and Krasnodar Photius (Topiro), whose reasons of absence are unknown, and Archbishop Barlaam (Pikalov) of Sverdlovsk assigned to his office from the Komi Republic field-crop-walkers one day before the opening of the Council. Besides the bishops Archpriest Nikolai Kolchitsky, rector of the Yelokhovo Cathedral in Moscow also participated in the assembly. He became a Synod member as the head on the Property Management Directorate of the Moscow Patriarchate.


1943 Boston Braves season
The 1943 Boston Braves season was the 73rd season of the franchise. The Braves finished sixth in the National League with a record of 68 wins and 85 losses.


1943 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Boston College Eagles football team
The 1943 Boston College Eagles football team represented Boston College during the 1943 college football season. The Eagles were led by head coach Moody Sarno, who was in his first year covering for Denny Myers while Myers served in the United States Navy. Boston College played their home games at Alumni Field in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts and Fenway Park in Boston.


1943 Boston College Eagles football team
College football in the Boston area was significantly disrupted by World War II, as many college players and coaches left school to serve the war effort. The only player for Boston College left from its 1943 Orange Bowl squad was captain Ed "The Brain" Doherty, who also assisted Moody Sarno in coaching duties. Playing a shortened schedule consisting mainly of teams from military bases, the Eagles finished the year unbeaten with a record of 4–0–1.


1943 Boston Red Sox season
The 1943 Boston Red Sox season was the 43rd season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished seventh in the American League (AL) with a record of 68 wins and 84 losses, 29 games behind the New York Yankees, who went on to win the 1943 World Series.


1943 Boston Red Sox season
The Red Sox set a major league record, which still stands, by playing in 31 extra innings games. In those games, the Red Sox compiled a record of 15 wins and 14 losses, with two ties. They played 73 extra innings in total, equivalent to playing an additional eight 9-inning games.


1943 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Bowling Green Falcons football team
The 1943 Bowling Green Falcons football team was an American football team that represented Bowling Green State College (later renamed Bowling Green State University) as an independent during the 1943 college football season. In its third season under head coach Robert Whittaker, the team compiled a 5–3–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 194 to 104. Wayne Bordner was the team captain.


1943 Bristol Central by-election
The Bristol Central by-election, 1943 was a by-election held on 18 February 1943 for the British House of Commons constituency of Bristol Central in the city of Bristol. The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Lord Apsley had been killed on 17 December 1942, whilst on active service in World War II. He had been serving under the Arab Legion in Malta.


1943 Bristol Central by-election
The Conservative party selected as its candidate Violet Bathurst, Lady Apsley, who had married Lord Apsley in February 1942. During World War II, the parties in the war-time Coalition Government had agreed not to contest any by-elections which occurred in seats held by coalition parties. However other parties and independents were free to stand, and some local parties fielded their own candidates as "independents" despite the truce. In Bristol Central, the former ILP MP Jennie Lee stood as an "Independent labour" candidate. The current ILP General Secretary, John McNair, also stood.


1943 Bristol Central by-election
On a turnout less than half that of the 1935 general election, Lady Apsley held the seat with a slightly increased majority.


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers (NFL) season
The 1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season was their 14th season in the league and their final season before becoming the Brooklyn Tigers. The team failed to improve on their previous season's output of 3–8, winning only two games. They failed to qualify for the playoffs for the 12th consecutive season and were shut out in their first four games.


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers (NFL) season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season
With the roster depleted by players leaving for service in World War II, the 1943 Brooklyn Dodgers finished the season in third place.


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season
The team featured five future Hall of Famers: second baseman Billy Herman, shortstop Arky Vaughan, outfielders Paul Waner, and Joe Medwick, and manager Leo Durocher.


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season
Herman finished fourth in MVP voting, after hitting .330 with 100 runs batted in. Vaughan led the league in runs scored and stolen bases.


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; CG = Complete games; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Bases on balls; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; CG = Complete games; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Bases on balls; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Bases on balls; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Brown Bears football team
The 1943 Brown Bears football team represented Brown University during the 1943 college football season.


1943 Brown Bears football team
In their third and final season under head coach Jacob N. "Skip" Stahley, the Bears compiled a 5–3 record, and outscored opponents 194 to 180. D.G. Savage Jr. was the team captain.


1943 Brown Bears football team
Brown played its home games at Brown Stadium on the East Side of Providence, Rhode Island.


1943 Buckingham by-election
The Buckingham by-election of 1943 was a parliamentary by-election held in England on 4 April 1943 for the House of Commons constituency of Buckingham in Buckinghamshire.


1943 Buckingham by-election
The by-election was held to fill the vacancy caused when the town's 45-year-old Conservative Party Member of Parliament Brigadier John Whiteley was killed in a plane crash in Gibraltar, along with another Conservative member, Victor Cazalet, and General Sikorski, the leader of the Polish government-in-exile. Whiteley had held the seat since a by-election in 1937.


1943 Buckingham by-election, Candidates
The Conservative Party nominated as its candidate, Lionel Berry, the deputy chairman of Kemsley Newspapers Ltd (owner of The Sunday Times and the Daily Record), and eldest son of the company's proprietor, Viscount Kemsley.


1943 Buckingham by-election, Candidates
In accordance with an electoral truce between the parties in the wartime coalition government, neither the Liberal nor Labour parties nominated a candidate.


1943 Buckingham by-election, Result
He held the seat for only two years, until his defeat at the 1945 general election.


1943 Bucknell Bison football team
The 1943 Bucknell Bison football team was an American football team that represented Bucknell University as an independent during the 1943 college football season. In its first season under head coach John Sitarsky, the team compiled a 6–4 record.


1943 Bucknell Bison football team
The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.


1943 Bulgarian State Football Championship
Statistics of Bulgarian State Football Championship in the 1943 season.


1943 Bulgarian State Football Championship, Overview
It was contested by 26 teams, and PFC Slavia Sofia won the championship. Besides teams from the present borders of Bulgaria, the 1943 season also involved teams from the areas under Bulgarian administration during much of World War II. Football clubs from Bitola and Skopje in Vardar Macedonia and Kavala in Greek Macedonia took part in the competition.


1943 Bulgarian State Football Championship, Teams
The teams that participated in the competition were the winners of their local sport districts. According to the format of the competition - Sofia is having five seeds and Varna and Plovdiv two seeds each. Note that Makedonia Skopie was competing in the Sofia sport district during that season of the championship.


1943 Bunker Hill Naval Air Station Blockbusters football team
The 1943 Bunker Hill Naval Air Station Blockbusters football team represented Naval Air Station Bunker Hill in the 1943 college football season. The team compiled a 6–0 record. Lieutenant Howard Kissell served as the team's head coach.


1943 Burton-on-Trent by-election
The Burton-on-Trent by-election of 1943 was held on 2 July 1943. The byelection was held due to the resignation  of the incumbent Conservative MP, John Gretton. It was won by the unopposed Conservative candidate John Gretton.


1943 CCCF Championship
The 1943 CCCF Championship was a tournament sanctioned by the Confederacion Centroamericana y del Caribe de Futbol (Football Confederation of Central America and the Caribbean), the governing body of football (soccer) in Central America and the nations in the Caribbean prior to 1961, when it was replaced by CONCACAF


1943 CCCF Championship
Following are the results of the Final Group of the second Championship, which was hosted by El Salvador:


1943 CCCF Championship, Goal scorers
Note: There were thirty goals during the tournament of which the scorer is unknown. Fourteen of these were scored by Costa Rica, eleven by Guatemala, and five by Nicaragua.


1943 CCNY Beavers football team
The 1943 CCNY Beavers football team was an American football team that represented the City College of New York (CCNY) as an independent during the 1943 college football season. In their first season under head coach Leo Miller, the team compiled a 1–3–1 record.


1943 Cairo Declaration
The Cairo Declaration was the outcome of the Cairo Conference in Cairo, Egypt, on November 27, 1943. President Franklin Roosevelt of the United States, Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom, and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of the Republic of China were present. The declaration developed ideas from the 1941 Atlantic Charter, which was issued by the Allies of World War II to set goals for the post-war order. The Cairo Communiqué was broadcast through radio on December 1, 1943.


1943 Cairo Declaration
The Cairo Declaration is cited in Clause Eight (8) of the Potsdam Declaration, which is referred to by the Japanese Instrument of Surrender.


1943 Cairo Declaration, Text
"The several military missions have agreed upon future military operations against Japan. The Three Great Allies expressed their resolve to bring unrelenting pressure against their brutal enemies by sea, land, and air. This pressure is already rising."


1943 Cairo Declaration, Text
"The Three Great Allies are fighting this war to restrain and punish the aggression of Japan. They covet no gain for themselves and have no thought of territorial expansion. It is their purpose that Japan shall be stripped of all the islands in the Pacific which she has seized or occupied since the beginning of the first World War in 1914, and that all the territories Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria, Formosa, and The Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of China. Japan will also be expelled from all other territories which she has taken by violence and greed. The aforesaid three great powers, mindful of the enslavement of the people of Korea, are determined that in due course Korea shall become free and independent."


1943 Cairo Declaration, Text
"With these objects in view the three Allies, in harmony with those of the United Nations at war with Japan, will continue to persevere in the serious and prolonged operations necessary to procure the unconditional surrender of Japan."


1943 California Golden Bears football team
The 1943 California Golden Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of California, Berkeley as a member of the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1943 college football season. Led by ninth-year head coach Stub Allison, the team compiled an overall record of 4–6 with a 2–2 mark in conference play, finishing second in the PCC.


1943 Camp Grant Warriors football team
The 1943 Camp Grant Warriors football team represented Camp Grant during the 1943 college football season. The Warriors were coached by Charlie Bachman of Michigan State, and compiled a record of 2–6–2 against an incredibly hard schedule that included final #2 Iowa Pre-Flight, #3 Michigan, #5 Purdue, and #6 Great Lakes Navy. They were ranked a single time by the AP, achieving the #20 spot with a 2–3–1 record, and were dropped the next week after a loss to the #13 ranked Minnesota Golden Gophers.


1943 Campeonato Carioca
The 1943 edition of the Campeonato Carioca kicked off on June 13, 1943 and ended on October 10, 1943. It was organized by FMF (Federação Metropolitana de Futebol, or Metropolitan Football Federation). Ten teams participated. Flamengo won the title for the 9th time. no teams were relegated.


1943 Campeonato Carioca, System
The tournament would be disputed in a double round-robin format, with the team with the most points winning the title.


1943 Campeonato Carioca, System
With the championship how having two rounds instead of the previous year's three, two pre-season tournaments were set up to fill the gap in the clubs' schedules. The first was the Torneio Relâmpago, which would be played by the five 'big' teams, in a single-round robin system. the other, which would be disputed after the Torneio Relâmpago, was the Torneio Municipal, which would be disputed by all the ten league teams, in a single round-robin format.


1943 Campeonato Carioca, System
Both tournaments would be short-lived - the Torneio Relâmpago had its last edition in 1946, being cancelled as Olaria's entrance into the league in 1947 made the additional dates provided by it unnecessary. In turn, the Torneio Municipal would be discontinued after 1948, with only one more isolated edition being held in 1951.


1943 Campeonato Paulista
The 1943 Campeonato Paulista da Primeira Divisão, organized by the Federação Paulista de Futebol, was the 42nd season of São Paulo's top professional football league. São Paulo won the title for the 2nd time. no teams were relegated and the top scorer was Corinthians's Hércules with 19 goals.


1943 Campeonato Paulista, Championship
The championship was disputed in a double-round robin system, with the team with the most points winning the title.


1943 Central Java earthquake
The 1943 Central Java earthquake occurred on July 23 at 14:53:10 UTC with a moment magnitude of 7.0 near Java, which was under Japanese occupation.


1943 Central Java earthquake, Tectonic setting
The Yogyakarta depression area is mostly covered by alluvium and the volcanic deposit of Mount Merapi. The Yogyakarta depression area is located between the volcanic arc of the Central Java and the Java Trench.


1943 Central Java earthquake, Earthquake
The earthquake affected the Yogyakarta depression area in Central Java. It caused about 213 deaths and over 3,900 injuries. More than 12,600 houses collapsed. This earthquake caused damage in Central Java from Garut in the west to Surakarta in the east. In Bantul alone, there were 31 people dead, 564 people injured, and 2,682 houses collapsed.


1943 Central Michigan Chippewas football team
The 1943 Central Michigan Chippewas football team represented Central Michigan College of Education, later renamed Central Michigan University, as an independent during the 1943 college football season. In their seventh season under head coach Ron Finch, the Chippewas compiled a 2–3 record, were shut out in all three losses, and were outscored by all opponents by a combined total of 69 to 20. The team was held to 20 points on offense in a pair of victories over Alma College (13–6 and 7–0). The three losses were to Western Michigan (0–19), Alma (0–8), and Bowling Green (0–36).


1943 Chicago Bears season
The 1943 season was the Chicago Bears' 24th in the National Football League. The team failed to match on their 11–0 record from 1942 and finished at  8–1–1, under temporary co-coaches Hunk Anderson and Luke Johnsos. On the way to winning the Western Division, the Bears were, yet again, denied a chance at an undefeated season by the defending champion Redskins in Washington. The Bears had their revenge in the NFL title game and defeated the Redskins at Wrigley Field to claim their sixth league title. It was their third championship in four years, establishing themselves as the pro football dynasty of the early 1940s.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, Attempted merger with the Cardinals
When the United States entered World War II, over 1,000 NFL personnel joined the military, including 350 players and 45 active Bears, the latter featuring over half of the 1942 team. Chicago also lost head coach George Halas to the United States Navy during the 1942 season, which forced assistant coaches Hunk Anderson and Luke Johnsos to take over as co-head coaches. Minority owner Ralph Brizzolara, a friend of Halas', became the interim president and general manager.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, Attempted merger with the Cardinals
A shortage of players occurred as teams attempted to salvage their rosters; the Cleveland Rams were eventually forced to shut down for the 1943 season as both of their owners were serving. NFL owners considered going on hiatus for 1943, but elected to reduce roster sizes to 25 from 33, along with allowing free substitution throughout games.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, Attempted merger with the Cardinals
Halas returned to Chicago for the annual owners' meeting on June 19, where the Philadelphia Eagles and Pittsburgh Steelers requested to merge operations for the upcoming season. Halas and Chicago Cardinals owner Charlie Bidwill also did the same; the two owners were close friends, with Bidwill owning a share in the Bears and serving as team secretary before purchasing the Cardinals.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, Attempted merger with the Cardinals
A group of four owners, led by George Preston Marshall of the Washington Redskins, opposed the two mergers, which they felt gave the merging teams "an easy out" compared to assembling their rosters on their own like the other teams. The four lobbied for a rule in which one merging team must disperse its players to the other teams in the league, which would have rendered the mergers pointless, though it was passed 5–2 (Philadelphia's Harry Thayer and Pittsburgh's Art Rooney voted against, while Halas and Bidwill abstained). Thayer and Rooney pleaded for the Chicago owners to withdraw their merger proposal, hoping it would increase the chances of the Pennsylvania teams' request succeeding. Halas and Bidwill agreed, while the Eagles/Steelers merger was approved and became the Steagles.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, Attempted merger with the Cardinals
Now on their own, the Bears rebuilt their roster by acquiring players from the shuttered Rams, including running back Dante Magnani and end Jim Benton. After his signing, Magnani commented, "I now get to play with the Bears instead of against them. I don't get beat up anymore."


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, War Manpower Commission investigation
In September, the Bears wrote a press statement about five players – Magnani, ends Hampton Pool and Al Hoptowit, center Bulldog Turner, and running back Harry Clark – who left their offseason jobs at war plants to join the team for the upcoming season. The release drew the suspicion of the War Manpower Commission (WMC), which launched an investigation into the Bears, who, the commission felt, were a secondary employer to the military. WMC regional director William H. Spencer ordered the players to provide certificates of availability; should they fail to give such documents, they would either have to return to the factories or be automatically placed into the Selective Service System (military draft; 1–A).


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, War Manpower Commission investigation
Brizzolara defended the team, while NFL Commissioner Elmer Layden cooperated with the WMC and proclaimed "[t]he war comes first". While some teams like the Steagles required all players to maintain wartime jobs in addition to playing, a ruling against the Bears would have affected professional sports as a whole. New York Herald Tribune writer Arthur E. Patterson warned a similar situation in Major League Baseball would have ended the league for the 1944 season if players were "frozen to their war jobs".


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, War Manpower Commission investigation
On September 23, three days before the season opener, Brizzolara met with Spencer, who also visited Layden a day later. Spencer eventually agreed the five players would be allowed to play for the Bears, who also announced four other players – running backs Bill Geyer and Bill Osmanski, tackle Bill Steinkemper, and defensive end John Siegal – would be enlisting in the Navy.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, Return of Bronko Nagurski
After losing to the Redskins in the 1942 NFL Championship Game, Halas sought revenge against Marshall for the game. While stationed on a ship in Milne Bay near New Guinea, Halas considering bringing fullback Bronko Nagurski, who retired after the 1937 season to enter professional wrestling after Halas refused to increase his pay, out of retirement. Three months before the start of the 1943, he submitted a telegram to Anderson: "SIGN NAGURSKI AND PAY FIVE GRAND. STOP. ", which was retrieved by Naval decoders who assumed Nagurski was a Japanese spy before forwarding it to Anderson.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, Return of Bronko Nagurski
Nagurski was contacted by Anderson and was offered the money suggested by Halas. He was initially reluctant due to injuries sustained over his career, but the Great Depression resulted in poor prize money and corruption plaguing the wrestling world, while returning to the Bears would him with an opportunity to support his family. Anderson proposed if Nagurski was unable to consistently run, he could play offensive tackle (a position he played at Minnesota in college); additionally, the new free substitution rules implemented for the 1943 season would allow Nagurski to play until he could stop.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Offseason, Return of Bronko Nagurski
During Training Camp, Nagurski injured many of his teammates with his physical style of play. In one incident, friend and offensive lineman George Musso refused to block Nagurski, prompting Anderson to do so in his place; although he was 45 years old, Anderson hoped to prove he was still tough to his players. Instead, Nagurski collided with Anderson's breastbone and knocked him out, forcing trainer Andy Lotshaw to assist the coach with smelling salts. Upon recovering, Anderson yelled, "Tell that son of a bitch that I can still whip his ass. But not today."


1943 Chicago Bears season, Sid Luckman
Bears quarterback Sid Luckman had one of the greatest seasons for a quarterback in NFL history, and certainly the greatest passing season in the history of the early NFL. "Luckman was essentially the player who first fulfilled the position of quarterback as we know it today: the player expected to handle every snap and attempt almost every pass," says Cold Hard Football Facts. "He was also the first to put up modern-looking numbers. When you consider Luckman's numbers in 1943, consider that the league-wide passer rating that year was a meager 48.5.


1943 Chicago Bears season, Sid Luckman
Hell, his 28 TDs, 12 INTs and 107.5 passer rating would be downright impressive in today's game, let alone back in the virtual Stone Age of the NFL. His 10.9 [yards-per-attempt], meanwhile, is simply mind blowing in any era. The Bears scored 30.3 [points-per-game] in 1943. Again, great in any era."


1943 Chicago Bears season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1943 Chicago Cardinals season
The 1943 Chicago Cardinals season was the 24th season the team was in the league. The team failed to improve on their previous output of 3–8, losing all ten games. They failed to qualify for the playoffs for the 18th consecutive season.


1943 Chicago Cardinals season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1943 Chicago Cubs season
The 1943 Chicago Cubs season was the 72nd season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 68th in the National League and the 28th at Wrigley Field. The Cubs finished fifth in the National League with a record of 74–79.


1943 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Chicago White Sox season
The 1943 Chicago White Sox season was the White Sox's 43rd season in the major leagues, and their 44th season overall. They finished with a record 82–72, good enough for 4th place in the American League, 16 games behind the first place New York Yankees. The White Sox played a record 44 doubleheaders over the course of the season.


1943 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; R = Runs scored; H = Hits; 2B = Doubles; 3B = Triples; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; BB = Base on balls; SO = Strikeouts; AVG = Batting average; SB = Stolen bases


1943 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching
Note: W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; G = Games pitched; GS = Games started; SV = Saves; IP = Innings pitched; H = Hits allowed; R = Runs allowed; ER = Earned runs allowed; HR = Home runs allowed; BB = Walks allowed; K = Strikeouts


1943 Chicago mayoral election
In the Chicago mayoral election of 1943, incumbent Edward J. Kelly was reelected with a 9% margin of victory.


1943 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Democratic primary
Reform-oriented Democrats supported a challenge by alderman John S. Boyle to incumbent mayor Edward J. Kelly. This challenge failed to amount to much, with Kelly easily defeating Boyle.


1943 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Republican primary
George McKibbin won the Republican nomination by a landslide margin.


1943 Chicago mayoral election, General election
Like other Republicans that had run against Kelly, McKibbin framed his campaign as a crusade against machine politics.


1943 Chicago mayoral election, General election
McKibbin declared "Pendergast is out in K.C., Hague in Jersey, and Tammany in New York have been cleaned out. Now it is time to clean out the Kelly-Nash machine."


1943 Chicago mayoral election, General election
McKibbin also attacked links between the political machine and criminal activity.


1943 Chicago mayoral election, General election
Kelly did not campaign. Confident in his chances of victory, Kelly flaunted heavy gravitas and balked at the thought of campaigning.


1943 Chicago mayoral election, General election, Results
Voter turnout was considered to be very light. Kelly won what was considered to be a very solid victory.


1943 Chippenham by-election
The Chippenham by-election, 1943 was a parliamentary by-election held in England on 24 August 1943 for the British House of Commons constituency of Chippenham in Wiltshire.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Vacancy
The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Victor Cazalet, was killed in an aircraft crash on 4 July 1943, aged 46. He had held the seat since the 1924 general election.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Election history
Chippenham had been won by the Conservative Party at every election since 1924 and had become a safe seat. The result at the last General election was as follows;


1943 Chippenham by-election, Candidates
The local Conservatives selected 39-year-old David Eccles to defend the seat. He worked for the Ministry of Economic Warfare from 1939 to 1940. He was Economic Adviser to the British ambassadors at Lisbon and Madrid from 1940 to 1942. He had been working for the Ministry of Production since 1942. He had not stood for parliament before.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Candidates
The Labour party had selected Swindon man, H.F. Chilcott as their prospective candidate back in 1937 for the General Election expected to take place in 1939-40. The Liberals had selected T. Elder Jones as their prospective candidate for the General Election expected to take place in 1939-40 and he was still nominally their candidate at the outbreak of war.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Candidates
At the outbreak of war, the Conservative, Liberal and Labour parties had agreed an electoral truce which meant that when a by-election occurred, the party that was defending the seat would not be opposed by an official candidate from the other two parties. When the Labour and Liberal parties joined the Coalition government, it was agreed that any by-election candidate defending a government seat would receive a letter of endorsement jointly signed by all the party leaders. This was enough to deter either Chippenham Liberal or Labour parties from submitting their candidate.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Candidates
Elsewhere in the country, elements within both the Liberal and Labour parties had grown to dislike the electoral pact. At the 1942 Liberal Assembly a motion calling on the Liberal leader Sir Archibald Sinclair, to stop signing the endorsement letter, attracted the support of a third of the meeting. The chairman of the Liberal Action Group, which opposed the electoral truce, was 30-year-old Dr Donald Johnson. He argued that "Democracy should be practised as well as fought for". Johnson decided to contest the Chippenham by-election as an Independent Liberal and resigned from the party in order to do so.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Candidates
Before doing so he attended the Liberal Assembly in July 1943 in an attempt to rally activists in the party to support him in Chippenham. He had no link with Chippenham, but did have a track record as a parliamentary candidate. In the 1935 general election he was the Liberal Party's candidate in Bury. In May 1937 he was chosen as the Liberal candidate at the 1937 Bewdley by-election and finished a decent second. Johnson worked as a part-time Demonstrator of Anatomy at Oxford University from 1937.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Candidates
As war threatened in July 1939 he enlisted in the Royal Army Medical Corps (TA), being commissioned as a Captain and serving in Bristol. During the Blitz on London, Johnson's Belgian first wife Christiane Coussaert whom he had married in 1928 was killed by German bombs. Johnson moved to Woodstock, Oxfordshire where he bought the Marlborough Arms Hotel.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Campaign
Polling day was set for 24 August 1943. When nominations closed, it was to reveal a two horse race, between the Conservative Eccles and the Independent Liberal Johnson.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Campaign
Eccles received a joint letter of endorsement from all the leaders of the parties in the coalition, including Sinclair. The Communist Party of Great Britain also formally supported Eccles, an act which Johnson attacked as "unwarrantable interference". Eccles also had the extensive local Conservative organisation in Chippenham to rely on to run his campaign.


1943 Chippenham by-election, Campaign
Johnson tried to enlist the support of Chippenham Liberals, but apart from a handful, most abstained from the campaign. He tried to hire a Campaign Office, but found that he could not obtain any premises for the duration of the campaign. He organised no indoor meetings and instead relied on communicating his message by a loudspeaker fitted to his car. He was given support through visits from William Brown the Independent victor at the 1942 Rugby by-election and George Reakes the Independent victor at the 1942 Wallasey by-election. However Richard Acland and his Common Wealth Party by-election machine stayed away. Johnson fought a vigorous campaign, asserting that victory was close and asking whether victorious troops would "return to a Tory-controlled world of unearned privilege on the one hand and frustrated ambitions and 2,000,000 unemployed on the other?"


1943 Chippenham by-election, Result
The result was a surprisingly narrow victory for the Conservative candidate, David Eccles


1943 Chippenham by-election, Aftermath
Eccles and Johnson faced each other again 2 years later. Johnson had since re-joined the Liberal party and was adopted as candidate by the Chippenham Liberal Association, however in his campaign he still preferred to describe himself as an Independent Liberal. However, due to the intervention of a Labour candidate, Eccles was able to hold the seat comfortably. The result at the following General Election;


1943 Christchurch East by-election
The 1943 Christchurch East by-election held on 6 February was caused by the death of Tim Armstrong during the term of the 26th New Zealand Parliament. The by-election in the Christchurch East electorate was contested by five candidates, including representatives from the Labour Party, the Labour breakaway party Democratic Labour Party and the National Party. The election was won by the Labour candidate, Mabel Howard, and started her long parliamentary career, which included her becoming the first female cabinet minister in 1947.


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Background and candidates
Tim Armstrong was first elected to Parliament in the Christchurch East electorate in the 1922 general election and held the electorate for Labour until his death. The by-election in this Labour stronghold attracted five candidates.


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Background and candidates
Mabel Howard, the daughter of former member of parliament Ted Howard, had wanted to follow her father in the 1939 Christchurch South by-election caused by his death, but although she was the favoured candidate by the local branch of the party, the Labour Party hierarchy chose Robert Macfarlane instead. Howard believed that back then, she was opposed due to her connections to John A. Lee, who was seen as a radical within the party. But for the 1943 by-election in the Christchurch East electorate, Mabel Howard was nominated by the Labour Party.


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Background and candidates
Lee had been expelled from the Labour Party in 1940 and had immediately set up a splinter party that he called Democratic Labour Party (DLP). Horace Herring stood for the DLP and it was expected that this would split the Labour vote.


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Background and candidates
Owen McKee was a union delegate from South Canterbury. A former vice-president of the General Labourers' Union in Timaru, he was seen as running a personal campaign against Howard over a difference of opinion. His candidacy was not seen as serious.


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Background and candidates
Melville Lyons was the candidate put forward by the National Party. A seasoned political campaigner, Lyons had briefly been elected to Parliament in 1925 for the Lyttelton electorate before his election was declared void. At the time, he was Deputy-Mayor of Christchurch. In conjunction with the split vote caused by the DLP, Lyons was expected to be a threat to Labour.


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Background and candidates
The last candidate, Lincoln Efford, was a peace advocate and was not taken seriously.


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Results
There were 15,330 voters registered in the Christchurch East electorate for the 1938 general election held on 15 October. Results of the Christchurch East general election were:


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Results
There were 14,835 people on the electoral roll, of which 9,644 voted in the 6 February 1943 by-election. The individual results were:


1943 Christchurch East by-election, Results
As it had been predicted, the Labour vote was split between Howard and Herring. The National vote was practically unchanged compared to the 1938 general election. With Labour's substantial majority in 1938, even the split vote gained Howard a comfortable win, with Herring (DLP) coming second and Lyons (National) coming third. The two remaining candidates had marginal returns. Howard was the fourth woman to be represented in the New Zealand Parliament, and the fifth woman overall. It started Howard's long parliamentary career, which lasted until 1969 when she retired. She was to become the first woman cabinet minister (as Minister of Health in 1947–1949) in New Zealand.


1943 Cincinnati Reds season
The 1943 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball. The team finished second in the National League with a record of 87–67, 18 games behind the St. Louis Cardinals.


1943 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1943 Clemson Tigers football team was an American football that represented Clemson College as a member of the Southern Conference during the 1943 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach Frank Howard, the Tigers compiled a 2–6 record (2–3 against conference opponents), finished seventh in the conference, and were outscored by a total of 185 to 94. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Clemson, South Carolina.


1943 Clemson Tigers football team
Ralph Jenkins was the team captain. The team's statistical leaders included tailback Marion "Butch" Butler with 166 passing yards and wingback James Whitmire with 376 rushing yards and 24 points scored (4 touchdowns). Butler was selected as a first-team player on the 1943 All-South Carolina football team.


1943 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Cleveland mayoral election
The Cleveland mayoral election of 1943 saw the reelection of Frank Lausche.


1943 Colgate Red Raiders football team
The 1943 Colgate Red Raiders football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University as an independent during the 1943 college football season. In its 15th season under head coach Andrew Kerr, the team compiled a 5–3–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 128 to 91. Michael Micka and George Thomas were the team captains. The team played its home games at Colgate Athletic Field in Hamilton, New York.


1943 College Football All-America Team
The 1943 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose College Football All-America Teams in 1943. The eight selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1943 season are (1) Collier's Weekly, as selected by Grantland Rice, (2) the Associated Press, (3) the United Press, (4) the All-America Board, (5) Football News, (6) the International News Service (INS), (7) Look magazine, and (8) the Sporting News.


1943 College Football All-America Team, Consensus All-Americans
For the year 1943, the NCAA recognizes eight published All-American teams as "official" designations for purposes of its consensus determinations. The following chart identifies the NCAA-recognized consensus All-Americans and displays which first-team designations they received.


1943 Colombian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Colombia in February 1943 to elect the Chamber of Representatives. The Liberal Party received the most votes.


1943 Colorado Buffaloes football team
The 1943 Colorado Buffaloes football team was an American football team that represented the University of Colorado during the 1943 college football season. Head coach James J. Yeager led the team to a 2–0 mark in the MSC and 5–2 overall in his final season.


1943 Colorado College Tigers football team
The 1943 Colorado College Tigers football team was an American football team represented Colorado College as a member of the Rocky Mountain Conference during the 1943 college football season. In the war-torn 1943 season, the Tigers compiled a perfect 7–0 record, and outscored their modest opponents by a total of 199 to 27. Although they were only ranked once going into a contest, the Tigers were ranked on the AP poll for six weeks, rising to as high as 16th and finishing at 18th in the final poll.


1943 Columbia Lions football team
The 1943 Columbia Lions football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University as an independent during the 1943 college football season.


1943 Columbia Lions football team
In their 14th season under head coach Lou Little, the Lions compiled a 0–8 record, and were outscored 313 to 33 by opponents. Tomas S. Rock was the team's captain.


1943 Columbia Lions football team
Columbia played its home games at Baker Field in Upper Manhattan, in New York City.


1943 Columbus, Ohio mayoral election
The Columbus, Ohio mayoral election of 1943 saw the election of Jim Rhodes.


1943 Consett by-election
The Consett by-election, 1943 was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Consett on 15 November 1943.


1943 Consett by-election
The seat had become vacant when the Labour Member of Parliament David Adams had died on 16 August 1943, aged 72. He had held the seat since the 1935 general election.


1943 Consett by-election
During World War II, the parties in the war-time coalition government had agreed not contest by-elections where a seat held by any of their parties fell vacant, so the Labour candidate, James Glanville  was returned unopposed. He represented the constituency until he retired from the House of Commons at the 1955 general election.


1943 Copa Adrián Escobar Final
The 1943 Copa Adrián C. Escober Final was the final that decided the winner of the 4th. edition of Copa Adrián C. Escobar, an Argentine domestic cup organised by the Argentine Football Association. The match was by Huracán, which played its third consecutive final, and Platense.


1943 Copa Adrián Escobar Final
The final was held in San Lorenzo Stadium on December 11, 1943. After the match ended tied 0–0, Huracán was declared winner 4–1 based on corner kicks awarded for each team. Therefore, Huracán won its second Copa Escobar trophy.


1943 Copa Adrián Escobar Final, Overview
This edition was contested by the seven best placed teams of the 1943 Primera División season. Boca Juniors, as champion, advanced directly to semifinals. The matches only lasted 40 minutes (two halves of 20' each), with some teams playing two games a day. River Plate and San Lorenzo stadiums were the venues of the competition.


1943 Copa Adrián Escobar Final, Overview
In the tournament, Huracán beat River Plate 1–0 and Independiente (on corners awarded), both matches at Estadio Monumental. On the other hand, Platense beat Estudiantes de La Plata 1–0 (Estadio Monumental) and Boca Juniors in semifinals (7–3 on corners after a 1–1 draw) at San Lorenzo Stadium.


1943 Copa del Generalísimo
The 1943 Copa del Generalísimo is the 41st staging of Copa del Rey. It was organized by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. There were a total of 32 teams participating. The competition began on 25 April 1943 and concluded on 20 June 1943 with the final, where Athletic Bilbao won their 14th title.


1943 Copa del Generalísimo, Semi-finals
Barcelona faced Real Madrid in the semi-finals of the 1943 Copa del Generalísimo. The first leg match, played at Barcelona's Les Corts stadium in Catalonia, ended with Barcelona winning 3–0. On 13 June 1943 Real Madrid beat Barcelona 11–1 in the second leg of a semi-final.


1943 Copa del Generalísimo Final
The Copa del Generalísimo 1943 Final was the 41st final of the King's Cup. The final was played at Estadio Metropolitano in Madrid, on 20 June 1943, being won by Club Atlético de Bilbao, who beat Real Madrid CF 1-0 after extra time.


1943 Coppa Italia Final
The 1943 Coppa Italia Final was the final of the 1942–43 Coppa Italia. The match was played on 30 May 1943 between Torino and Venezia. Torino won 4–0.


1943 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1943 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 34th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909.


1943 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
Shanballymore won the championship following a 7-09 to 3-02 defeat of Douglas in the final. This was their first ever championship title.


1943 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1943 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 55th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.


1943 Cork Senior Football Championship
On 17 October 1943, Clonakilty won the championship following a 2-05 to 1-04 defeat of Fermoy in the final. This was their third championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1943 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1943 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 55th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place at the Cork Convention on 31 January 1943. The championship began on 4 April 1943 and ended on 7 November 1943.


1943 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
On 7 November 1943, St. Finbarr's won the championship following a 7-09 to 1-01 defeat of Ballincollig in a replay of the final. This was their 12th championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1943 Cornell Big Red football team
The 1943 Cornell Big Red football team was an American football team that represented Cornell University as an independent during the 1943 college football season. In its eighth season under head coach Carl Snavely, the team compiled a 6–4 record and outscored opponents 158–138. The team captain was Meredith "Bud" Cushing.


1943 Cornell Big Red football team
Cornell played its home games at Schoellkopf Field in Ithaca, New York.


1943 Cotton Bowl Classic
The 1943 Cotton Bowl Classic was a college football bowl game played on  January 1,1943 at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas, TX


1943 Cotton Bowl Classic, Background
This was Texas's first bowl game. They were led by Dana X. Bible. This was Georgia Tech's second bowl game of what would be six in the 1940s.


1943 Cotton Bowl Classic, Game summary
Max Minor caught a touchdown pass from Roy McKay and Jackie Field returned a punt 60 yards for a touchdown to give Texas a 14-0 lead into the fourth quarter as Bible replaced his starters.


1943 Cotton Bowl Classic, Game summary
But Georgia Tech drove 56 yards capped by a David Eldredge touchdown run to narrow the lead. Georgia Tech forced Texas to punt as Tech went on the offensive. They drove all the way to the Texas 5 yard-line, but Texas' defensive line stopped them short as Texas took over at the four. They ran out the clock as Texas won their first bowl game.


1943 Cotton Bowl Classic, Aftermath
Since this game, Texas has been to 22 more Cotton Bowl Classics and have won 11 more times, the most Cotton Bowl victories of any team. Georgia Tech did not return to the Cotton Bowl Classic until 1955.


1943 Coupe de France Final
The 1943 Coupe de France Final was a football match held at Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes and Parc des Princes, Paris on May 9 and May 22, 1943, that saw Olympique de Marseille defeat Girondins ASP 4–0 in the replay thanks to goals by Emmanuel Aznar (2), Georges Dard and Félix Pironti.


1943 Coupe de France Final, Match details, First match
Ahmed Nemeur was not eligible to play the match and the federation gave the cup to Marseille. However, Colonel Joseph Pascot (member of the Commissariat général à l'Éducation générale et sportive) decided that the final had to be played on the field to know the real winner, that is why the final was replayed.


1943 Cupa României Final
The 1943 Cupa României Final was the 10th final of Romania's most prestigious football cup competition. It was disputed between CFR Turnu Severin and Sportul Studențesc București, and was won by CFR Turnu Severin after a victory with 4 goals. It was the first time in history for the team from Drobeta-Turnu Severin.


1943 Danish Folketing election
Folketing elections were held in Denmark on 23 March 1943 alongside Landsting elections, except in the Faroe Islands where they were held on 3 May. They were the first elections during the German occupation, and although many people feared how the Germans might react to the election, the event took place peacefully. The voter turnout was at 89.5%, the highest of any Danish parliamentary election, and became a demonstration against the occupation. The Social Democratic Party remained the largest in the Folketing, with 66 of the 149 seats. After the elections, leading German newspapers expressed disappointment and indignation with the lack of political evolution among the Danish voters.


1943 Danish Folketing election
The Communist Party of Denmark had been banned since 1941 and could not participate in these elections.


1943 Danish Folketing election
95% of the vote went to the four biggest, traditional democratic parties. In the years since, there has been some debate about whether this can be seen as democratic support for the government's "cooperation" policy (samarbejdspolitikken) with the German occupation authorities. Some have argued that the result showed a broad unity of opinion in the population and among politicians in support of the relatively cooperative line taken by the government. Bertel Haarder, citing Knud Kristensen, has argued that the vote was sold as one of solidarity with the Danish constitution, democracy, and a rejection of totalitarian elements in society, and cannot therefore be seen as an explicit endorsement by the population of the government's line.


1943 Danish Landsting election
Landsting elections were held in Denmark on 6 April 1943, with the exception that the electors were elected on 23 March. Along with the corresponding Folketing election, it was the first election during the German occupation, and although many people feared how the Germans might react to the election, the event took place peacefully.


1943 Danish Landsting election
The voter turnout was an unusually high 88.8%, and along with the Folketing election of the same year the election became a demonstration against the occupation. After the elections, leading German newspapers expressed disappointment and indignation with the lack of political evolution among the Danish voters.


1943 Danish Landsting election
Of the seven constituencies the seats elected by the resigning parliament and the seats representing constituencies number two (Copenhagen County, Frederiksborg County, Holbæk County, Sorø County, Præstø County and Maribo County), number three (Bornholm County) and number five (Vejle County, Aarhus County, Skanderborg County, Ringkøbing County, Ribe County, Aabenraa County, Haderslev County, Sønderborg County and Tønder County). Constituency number seven, which represented the Faroe Islands, had previously held elections simultaneously with these three constituencies but the election on the Faroe Islands was postponed for four years until the 1947 election.


1943 Danish Landsting election, Results
Elections were not held in the Faroe Islands as the sole Faroese member was elected by the Løgting in the 1939 elections.


1943 Danish local elections
The Danish regional elections of 1943 were held on 5 May 1943. 10569 municipal council members were elected, as well as 299 members of the amts of Denmark. In the amts of Southern Jutland, there wasn't an election in 1943, but the numbers from the previous election were recorded again.


1943 Dartmouth Indians football team
The 1943 Dartmouth Indians football team represented Dartmouth College during the 1943 college football season.


1943 Darwen by-election
The Darwen by-election, 1943 was a by-election held on 15 December 1943 for the British House of Commons constituency of Darwen in Lancashire.


1943 Darwen by-election, Vacancy
The seat had become vacant after the death in October of the Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Stuart Russell, who had been killed in World War II. He had been elected at the 1935 general election, beating the Liberal Party leader Sir Herbert Samuel.


1943 Darwen by-election, Election history
In the 1935 general election, the Conservatives had won 41% of the votes, with a narrow majority over the outgoing Liberal MP. The result at the last General election was


1943 Darwen by-election, Campaign
Balfour was encouraged to stand by the Liberal Party 'Radical Action' group that believed in contesting by-elections and had achieved a good result at the 1943 Chippenham by-election. There was some concern in the Liberal Party that the leadership would want to continue in an all-party Coalition Government after the war was over. However, the group was small and was unable to influence many party workers to give their support to her campaign. The executive of the Darwen Liberal Association decided to give her strong support to Honor Balfour's Independent Liberal candidature.


1943 Darwen by-election, Campaign
However the President of the Association, Sir Frederick Hindle who had been the Liberal MP for the constituency in the 1920s, was one of the people who signed Russell's nomination papers. Finding himself at odds with his association, Hindle stood down as president. The decision of the Darwen Liberals didn't extend to providing Balfour with an election agent she had to call upon a personal friend Mrs Ivor Davies to act as agent. Liberal Leader, Sir Archibald Sinclair, in accordance with the wartime electoral truce, signed a public letter of support for Russell. Balfour's campaign did receive some backing from Richard Acland's Common Wealth organisation. Balfour was backed by the News Chronicle, but only after the local newspapers had threatened to boycott her campaign altogether.


1943 Darwen by-election, Result
Prescott increased the Conservative share of the vote, albeit on a much-reduced turnout. However, Balfour came within 70 votes of winning the seat.


1943 Darwen by-election, Aftermath
Balfour published an article Why I Challenge the Electoral Truce in the magazine Liberal Forward which encouraged a large number of Liberal members to give their active support to the 'Independent' Liberal candidate at the 1944 Bury St Edmunds by-election. Balfour contested the 1945 election here as the official Liberal candidate, thereafter she did not stand again. Russell held the seat until retiring in 1951. The result at the following General election;


1943 Daventry by-election
The Daventry by-election, 1943 was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of Daventry, Northamptonshire on 20 April 1943.


1943 Daventry by-election, Vacancy
The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting MP and Speaker, Edward FitzRoy on 3 March 1943. He had been MP here since winning the seat as a Conservative when the seat was created in 1918.


1943 Daventry by-election, Election history
The result at the last General election was as follows;


1943 Daventry by-election, Candidates
The local Conservatives selected 38-year-old Reginald Manningham-Buller. The Labour party had selected Paul Williams. At the outbreak of war, the Conservative, Liberal and Labour parties had agreed an electoral truce which meant that when a by-election occurred, the party that was defending the seat would not be opposed by an official candidate from the other two parties. When the Labour and Liberal parties joined the Coalition government, it was agreed that any by-election candidate defending a government seat would receive a letter of endorsement jointly signed by all the party leaders.


1943 Daventry by-election, Candidates
Dennis Webb was Chairman of the Common Wealth party's Northampton branch. and came forward as a candidate. Liberal party member William Dyer decided to break the electoral truce and stand as an Independent Liberal.


1943 Daventry by-election, Campaign
Polling day was set for 20 April 1943, 48 days after the death of Fitzroy, allowing for a long campaign. When nominations closed, it was to reveal a three horse race.


1943 Daventry by-election, Campaign
Manningham-Buller received a joint letter of endorsement from all the leaders of the parties in the coalition.


1943 Daventry by-election, Campaign
Manningham-Buller addressing a campaign meeting said "Three countries will be pleased if I am defeated - Germany, Italy and Japan."


1943 Daventry by-election, Aftermath
Paul Williams, who had been Labour's prospective candidate at the start of the war, ran Manningham-Buller close. Dyer, now standing officially as the Liberal party candidate. The result at the following General election;


1943 Del Monte Pre-Flight Navyators football team
The 1943 Del Monte Pre-Flight Seahawks football team represented the United States Navy's Del Monte Pre-Flight School during the 1943 college football season. The school was located at the Hotel Del Monte in Del Monte, California (annexed in 1948 into Monterey, California), The team compiled a 7–1 record, outscored opponents by a total of 252 to 65, and was ranked No. 8 in the final AP Poll.


1943 Del Monte Pre-Flight Navyators football team
Bill Kern, who had been the head coach at Carnegie Tech and West Virginia prior to the war, was the team's head coach. The team included a number of athletes who were then serving in the Navy.


1943 Del Monte Pre-Flight Navyators football team
Notable players include: Paul Christman, an All-American quarterback at Missouri; Parker Hall, an All-American back out of Ole Miss who played in the NFL from 1939 to 1942; Len Eshmont, a back who played in the NFL in 1941; Ed Cifers, an end who played in the NFL from 1941 to 1942; Bowden Wyatt, an end out of Tennessee; and Jim McDonald, a back who played in the NFL from 1938 to 1939.


1943 Denver Pioneers football team
The 1943 Denver Pioneers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Denver in the Mountain States Conference (MSC) during the 1943 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Mark Duncan, the team compiled a 2–5 record (0–0 against MSC opponents) and was outscored  by a total of 186 to 70.


1943 Detroit Lions season
The 1943 Detroit Lions season was the franchise's 14th season in the National Football League. The team finished at 3–6–1, an improvement on their previous season's output of 0–11. They failed to qualify for the playoffs for the eighth consecutive season. Their 0–0 tie with the New York Giants in week 8 was the last scoreless tie in the NFL as of the end of the 2020 NFL season.


1943 Detroit Lions season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1943 Detroit Tigers season
The 1943 Detroit Tigers season was a season in American baseball. The team finished fifth in the American League with a record of 78–76, 20 games behind the New York Yankees.


1943 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1943 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1943 Detroit race riot
The 1943 Detroit race riot took place in Detroit, Michigan, of the United States, from the evening of June 20 through to the early morning of June 22. It occurred in a period of dramatic population increase and social tensions associated with the military buildup of U.S. participation in World War II, as Detroit's automotive industry was converted to the war effort. Existing social tensions and housing shortages were exacerbated by racist feelings about the arrival of nearly 400,000 migrants, both African-American and White Southerners, from the Southeastern United States between 1941 and 1943. The new migrants competed for space and jobs, as well as against European immigrants and their descendants.


1943 Detroit race riot
The Detroit riots were one of five that summer; it followed ones in Beaumont, TX, Harlem, NY, Los Angeles, CA (the Zoot Suit Riot), and Mobile, AL.