1936 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Arsenal
On the day, the gates to St James' Park needed to be closed before the match started to keep additional spectators out, some 64,484 fans already being inside the ground. The match resulted in a 3–3 draw, Arsenal having gone a goal ahead each time, but Newcastle coming back and equalising. The reason being according to the report in The Times was because "Whenever the lead was gained, the side concentrated entirely on defence." In the replay at home, Arsenal won the game 3–0.


1936 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Arsenal
They had gone a goal up in the first half from a penalty scored by Bastin after the Newcastle centre half David Davidson handled the ball in the box. Newcastle were unlucky not to draw level, and only Eddie Hapgood clearing a shot off the line prevented the scoreline being equal once more. The second goal came during an advance by Arsenal, where the Newcastle goalkeeper, Norman Tapken, cleared the ball directly to Arsenal midfielder Pat Beasley, who shot the ball into the back of an empty net. The final goal was another penalty, caused when Bastin was brought down in the box, who then promptly took and scored the shot himself.


1936 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Arsenal
In their quarter final, they defeated Second Division Barnsley 4–1, having outplayed them right from the start, the first goal coming in the fourth minute from Beasley in an attacking move. Bowden scored the second goal, and the third came from a penalty scored by Bastin. The fourth and final Arsenal goal was Beasley's second, with Barnsley's consolation goal coming a couple of minutes from the end of the match. In the semi final, played at Huddersfield Town's ground, beating Grimsby Town 1–0 in a match that was described by reporters as completely one sided, with the goal coming from Bastin five minutes before half time.


1936 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Sheffield United
Meanwhile, Sheffield United's third round match at Burnley ended in a 0–0 draw, before winning 2–1 in the replay at home on a snow-covered pitch in a game that was marred by heavy fog at the start. Harold Barton scored for United, before Ted Hancock equalized for Burnley. Bobby Barclay scored United's second goal before the break. An additional goal by Jock Dodds for United was disallowed in the second half due to the player being ruled offside.


1936 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Sheffield United
The fourth round saw them drawn away again, this time at Preston North End again drawing 0–0 in the initial match, the return match at home on 30 January this time resulting in a 2–0 victory after playing the entire second half with only ten men in front of a crowd of 34,259 supporters. In comparison, a record crowd of 68,287 at Bramall Lane saw Sheffield United defeat Leeds United 3–1, the first time in the tournament they won without going to a replay.


1936 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Sheffield United
They repeated that scoreline against Tottenham Hotspur in the quarter final on a marshy pitch in driving snow. United were up by half time thanks to a goal by Barclay. In the second half, Spurs came back strongly, but two goals from Dodds won the game for United, with Tottenham scoring a consolation goal late on.


1936 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Sheffield United
Sheffield United were drawn against Fulham in the semi final, which guaranteed that a Second Division team would make it through to the final. The match was held at Wolverhampton Wanderers' Molineux Stadium on 21 March, where United won 2–1. The two teams faced each other again a week later in a league match, where Fulham won 1–0 thanks to a penalty, ending an unbeaten run of 22 games for United.


1936 FA Cup Final, Pre-match
Arsenal had most recently appeared in the final in 1932, being defeated by Newcastle United, while their most recent FA Cup victory came two seasons earlier in 1930 against Huddersfield Town. Meanwhile, Sheffield United had won the title in their previous appearance, beating Cardiff City in the 1925 final. Arsenal had been the more successful team in recent years, having won three First Division titles in succession in the past few seasons; while Sheffield United were keen to win the trophy after the success of rival team Sheffield Wednesday in the 1935 Final.


1936 FA Cup Final, Pre-match
Both teams had provided players to the England national football team earlier in the month for a match against Scotland, with Arsenal providing George Male, Jack Crayston and Cliff Bastin, while Sheffield United gave Bobby Barclay. Alex James, despite being Arsenal's captain and having previously played for the Scottish international team, was not chosen for that match, which resulted in a 1–1 draw, enabling Scotland to win the 1936 British Home Championship.


1936 FA Cup Final, Pre-match
Wembley bosses were in dispute with newsreel companies over the broadcast rights for the 1936 final. Gaumont British Film Company initially had offered £900 to film inside the ground, but this was refused by the authorities who wanted a sum of £1,500. They later backed down and said that they would accept the initial offer, but the film company was now only willing to pay £500. A solution could not be reached, and the media were banned from inside of the stadium.


1936 FA Cup Final, Pre-match
To get around the ban and be able to report on the match, a number of autogyros were hired to fly the reporters over the stadium giving them a birds–eye view of the match, with the only filming inside Wembley conducted by the official stadium cameraman. Autogyros had been used to film the final in 1935, and also by the Metropolitan police for crowd control.


1936 FA Cup Final, Pre-match
It was the first year that commentators were used in the broadcast of an FA Cup final, with the BBC describing it as an "experiment". The first commentators were Ivan Sharpe and Norman Creek, who broadcast from 2:30 pm onwards before the game to take in the pre–match entertainment.


1936 FA Cup Final, Pre-match
Arsenal played in red and white shirts in an FA Cup final for the first time, on previous occasions in 1930 and 32 they wore fully red shirts. Additionally, before the 1967/68 season, Arsenal only wore team badges on their shirts on special occasions, such as FA Cup Finals. The 1936 cup final was the fourth occasion such a badge was worn. Sheffield United also wore crested red and white shirts, their vertical stripe design.


1936 FA Cup Final, Match
More than 93,000 spectators attended the match, with fans from Sheffield travelling from the north on specially laid-on trains. Changes to the teams were made before the match, with Ted Drake available for Arsenal following an injury. Sheffield United replaced Don Bird with Bertie Williams on the outside left, and Charlie Wilkinson was brought back into the team to replace Albert Cox who had played in the semi final against Fulham while Wilkinson was injured.


1936 FA Cup Final, Match
While the weather was fine, the wind whipped up to such an extent at pitch level that the ball was taken out of its proper flight on occasion. In the third minute Sheffield United were nearly a goal up after Arsenal goalkeeper Wilson dropped the ball to the ground and fumbled at it trying to pick it up. United players Barclay and Dodds both charged in to take advantage, but an Arsenal defender cleared the ball away before they could turn the opportunity into a goal. During the first fifteen minutes, United were the superior team with the work of their forwards only failing against the work of Arsenal's full backs and goalkeeper with Wilson continuing to looking not entirely safe. Arsenal's defenders eventually settled with Crayston and Copping stepping up for their team.


1936 FA Cup Final, Match
During the match, the attacks of Arsenal were mostly held at bay by Sheffield United's backs, with Bowden and Bastin both performing poorly, although it was Bastin who set up the move that resulted in the only goal of the game. Arsenal's attacking tactics had favored these two players, with not much play going through to Drake. The standout player was Joe Hulme who managed to cut inside repeatedly, threatening United with an extra yard or two of speed over his marker. James also performed well, getting in more attacks on goal than usual.


1936 FA Cup Final, Match
Smith, in goal for the Blades, had a particularly steady game and their forwards Barclay and Pickering played particularly well with their attacks only prevented by the work of Male who was described by The Times as having the "game of his life". United's attacks were mostly restricted by the Arsenal defence to long range shooting. The first half of the match finished at a 0–0 draw, with the attacks spread equally between the two teams.


1936 FA Cup Final, Match
The second half started off with Crayston briefly taking on the role of a forward, driving in a shot that Smith did well to save. Arsenal's forwards followed this with a flowing move from James, Hulme and Bastin, with the final move resulting in Bastin heading just wide of the post. Although play in the first half was relatively equal, in the second half Arsenal were the superior side, simply outclassing the Second Division Sheffield United. In the 74th minute a movement was started by James, who passed the ball to Bastin.


1936 FA Cup Final, Match
Bastin dribbled the ball past Hooper before crossing the ball into the centre for Drake, who drove the ball into the roof of the net with his left foot. Moments after the goal United were on the attack, Barton broke down the right wing, crossing the ball in for Dodds who, finding his marker out of position, headed the ball against the bar.


1936 FA Cup Final, Match
Dodds later said in an interview, "I was just about to direct the ball down into the net when a wee fellow called Wilf Copping went up behind me and, in striving to get to the ball, punched me in the back. This had the unfortunate effect of knocking my head backwards so the ball thudded against the crossbar instead of nestling itself in the back of the net. But for that, who knows, things might have turned out different." Arsenal won the game with a single goal, the match having been mostly full of positive play and relatively free of fouls, although Drake was penalised on five occasions for using his elbows too much.


1936 FA Cup Final, Post match
Arsenal returned to Brighton following the game to rest, where they had conducted their pre-match training. Each of the victorious player's wives were presented with a silver wristwatch. Neither club reported any injuries sustained during the match. This was not the final match of the season for Arsenal, who followed the final with a further three league matches in a week, including a game against London rivals Chelsea. Their final match of the season was against Brentford in the London Challenge Cup on 4 May, where they won 4–2. Arsenal finished the season in sixth position in the First Division, having drawn 2–2 with Leeds in their final match. Sheffield United finished the Second Division in third place, missing out on promotion to the higher tier by one place.


1936 FA Cup Final, Post match
Sheffield United are yet to return to an FA Cup Final. The shirt worn by Alex James during the 1936 final is displayed in the Arsenal Museum. Jock Dodds, who died on 23 February 2007, was the last surviving player from the final.


1936 FC Dzerzhinets-STZ Stalingrad season
The 1936 Dzerzhinets-STZ Stalingrad season was the 1st season in USSR championships.


1936 FC Dzerzhinets-STZ Stalingrad season, Squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1936 FC Dzerzhinets-STZ Stalingrad season, Transfers
In:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1936 FC Dzerzhinets-STZ Stalingrad season, Transfers
Out:Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1936 FC Dzerzhinets-STZ Stalingrad season, Competitions, VCSPS Cup
For successful performance in the VCSPS Cup (participate in the final) Committee on Physical Culture and Sports included team of Stalingrad Tractor Factory in the number of participants of the autumn championship USSR. So Dzerzhinets-STZ became a professional team.


1936 FIRA Tournament
A rugby union tournament was held in May 1936, three months prior to the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Rugby union had been an official Olympic sport in 1900, 1908, 1920 and 1924, but was dropped from the Olympic program after the 1924 Paris Games. The 1936 tournament is not mentioned in the official report of the organising committee of the Berlin Games, and has never been given the status of an official demonstration sport for those Games.


1936 FIRA Tournament
Four teams competed in the 1936 tournament, which was considered one of the "best organized and most international rugby tournaments to date". France defeated Germany in the final.


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, French players
Forwards : Francis Daguerre (Biarritz Olympique), André Goyard (Lyon OU), André Rochon (AS Montferrand), Étienne Ithurra (Biarritz Olympique), M. Laurent (FC Auch), François Raynal (USA Perpignan), Louis Dupont (Racing club de France), Lucien Cognet (AS Montferrand).


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, French players
Backs : Pierre Thiers (AS Montferrand), Georges Libaros (Stadoceste Tarbais), Maurice Celhay (Aviron Bayonnais), Joseph Desclaux (c) (USA Perpignan), Jean Coderc (Racing club chalonnais), Pierre Geschwind (Racing club de France), Maurice Savy (AS Montferrand).


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, French players
Substitutes : R. Lombarteix (AS Montferrand), Prud'homme (Lyon olympique universitaire), R. Arotca (Aviron Bayonnais), J. Dorot (Racing club de France), J. Blond (Stade Français), J. Fau (Union sportive carcassonnaise XV), F. Raynaud (Union sportive carcassonnaise XV), F. Sahuc (Stade Toulousain), M. Capendeguy (Saint-Jean-de-Luz olympique rugby).


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, German players
Forwards : M. Schroers (DRC Hannover), K. Metzger (SC Frankfurt 1880), E. Derleth (Frankfurt TV 60), Erwin Thiesies (Tennis Borussia Berlin), H. Kocher (RG Heidelberg), A. Koch (SV Odin Hannover), W. Pfisterer (RG Heidelberg), O. Oppermann (FV 1897 Linden).


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, German players
Backs : K. Loos (Heidelberger RK), H. Hanning (Rasenspiele Hannover), K. Hübsch (Heidelberger RK), H. Schwanenberg (c) (DSV 78 Hannover), W. Zichlinski (FV 1897 Linden), W. Dünnhaupt (SV Odin Hannover), G. Isenberg (DSV 78 Hannover).


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, Italian players
Forwards : Tommaso Fattori (Rugby Roma Olimpic), S. Bonfante (CUS Torino Rugby), G. Zoffoli (Rugby Roma Olimpic), A. Albonico (CUS Torino Rugby), Vincenzo Bertolotto (CUS Torino Rugby), G. Visentin (Amatori Rugby Milano), I. Aloisio (Amatori Rugby Milan), A. Re-Garbagnati (Amatori Rugby Milano).


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, Italian players
Backs : M. Campagna (c) (Amatori Rugby Milan), G. Piana (CUS Torino Rugby), R. Maffioli (Amatori Rugby Milano), F. Vinci III (Rugby Roma Olimpic), G. Rizzoli (Rugby Bologna 1928), A. Cazzini (Amatori Rugby Milano), R. Centinari (Amatori Rugby Milano).


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, Italian players
Substitutes : O. Maestri (Amatori Rugby Milano), E. Sgorbati (Amatori Rugby Milano), Vigliana (CUS Torino Rugby), Ardissone (CUS Torino Rugby), Pinardi (CUS Torino Rugby).


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, Romanian players
Forwards : I. Tarabega, G. Fantaneanu, S. Ionescu, S. Barsan, S. Burlescu, G. Ionescu, E. Marculescu, C. Beju.


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, Romanian players
Backs : A. Marasescu, N. Crissoveloni (c), A. Damian, I. Popa, C. Grigorescu, I. Irimia, C. Dinescu.


1936 FIRA Tournament, Teams, Romanian players
Substitutes : A. Matescu, Nicolescu, Epure, Craciunescu, Tudor, E. Sfetescu, M. Slobozeanu, Anastasiade, Florea.


1936 Faroese general election
General elections were held in the Faroe Islands on 28 January 1936. The Union Party and the Self-Government Party emerged as the joint-largest parties in the Løgting, both winning 8 of the 24 seats.


1936 Finnish parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Finland on 1 and 2 July 1936. Following the election Prime Minister Toivo Mikael Kivimäki of the National Progressive Party was defeated in a confidence vote in September 1936 and resigned in October. Kyösti Kallio of the Agrarian League formed a centrist minority government after Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (National Coalition Party) refused to allow the Social Democrats to join the government.


1936 Finnish parliamentary election
After Svinhufvud's defeat in the February 1937 presidential election, Kallio took office as the new President in March 1937, and he allowed the Social Democrats, Agrarians and Progressives to form the first centre-left or "red soil" ("red" for the Social Democrats and "soil" for the Agrarians) Finnish government. Aimo Cajander (Progressive) became Prime Minister, although the real strong men of the government were Finance Minister Väinö Tanner (Social Democrat) and Defence Minister Juho Niukkanen (Agrarian).


1936 Finnish parliamentary election, Background
Finland had clearly recovered from the Great Depression since 1933, and unemployment had been almost eliminated. Prime Minister Kivimäki wanted to continue in office and to broaden his narrow right-wing minority government. The new Finnish economic prosperity, and the growing contacts between leading Agrarians and Social Democrats, made alternatives emerge for the Kivimäki government. For the first time in the history of independent Finland, an Agrarian-Social Democratic government began to be seriously discussed and planned. Despite its noisy and vigorous activity, the far-right Patriotic People's Movement remained small.


1936 Finnish parliamentary election, Background
Under the leadership of Juho Kusti Paasikivi, the National Coalitioners moved towards the political centre, and rejected calls for a new electoral alliance with the Patriotic People's Movement. The election results showed that the Finnish political democracy and its two leading moderate parties, the Social Democrats and Agrarians, had been strengthened. The Depression-based fringe parties, the Small Farmers' Party of Finland and the People's Party, lost most of their seats, while the Patriotic People's Movement remained at fourteen deputies, and the moderate right (National Coalitioners) gained two seats. The divided Progressives (Prime Minister Kivimäki led their right wing, and Professor Cajander led their left wing) lost four seats.


1936 Florida Gators football team
The 1936 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1936 college football season. The season was Josh Cody's first as the new head coach of the Florida Gators football team. The highlights of the season included a 32–0 shutout of the Stetson College Hatters, a Homecoming game win over the Maryland Terrapins (7–6), and the Gators' only conference victory over the Sewanee Tigers (18–7), but the season was also remembered for the Gators' three disappointing 0–7 shutout losses to the South Carolina Gamecocks, Kentucky Wildcats and Mississippi State Bulldogs. Cody's 1936 Florida Gators finished 4–6 overall and 1–5 in the Southeastern Conference (SEC), placing tenth of thirteen SEC teams in the conference standings—Cody's worst SEC finish in four seasons as the Gators football coach.


1936 Florida Gators football team, Postseason
Mayberry earned second-team All-Southeastern Conference honors at the conclusion of the season.


1936 Florida gubernatorial election
The 1936 Florida gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1936. Democratic nominee Fred P. Cone defeated Republican nominee E.E. Callaway with 80.91% of the vote.


1936 Football Championship of the Ukrainian SSR
The 1936 Football Championship of UkrSSR were part of the 1936 Soviet republican football competitions in the Soviet Ukraine.


1936 Football Championship of the Ukrainian SSR, Ukrainian clubs at the All-Union level
The Ukrainian SSR was presented with 11 teams of masters (exhibition teams) at the All-Union level: Dynamo Kyiv (Gruppa A), Dynamo Dnipropetrovsk (Gruppa B→V), Dynamo Kharkiv (Gruppa B→V), Silmash Kharkiv (Gruppa B), Dynamo Odesa (Gruppa V), Spartak Kharkiv (Gruppa V), Ugolschiki Stalino (Gruppa V), Lokomotyv Kyiv (Gruppa V→G), Traktor Factory Kharkiv (Gruppa G), Stal Dnipropetrovsk (Gruppa G), Stal Kostiantynivka (Gruppa G)


1936 Fordham Rams football team
The 1936 Fordham Rams football team represented Fordham University during the 1936 college football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Jim Crowley, the Rams' offense scored 128 over eight games, while the defense allowed no more than seven points in any game, and shut out three teams, including second-ranked Pittsburgh.


1936 Fordham Rams football team
This team is best remembered for its offensive line, the Seven Blocks of Granite, which included future National Football League (NFL) head coach Vince Lombardi. The line coach was Frank Leahy.


1936 Fordham Rams football team
By mid-November, the Rams were 5–0–1 and ranked third with two games to play, and the leading candidate for a Rose Bowl invitation, but a tie with Georgia at the Polo Grounds dropped them to eighth. Five days later at Yankee Stadium on Thanksgiving, the NYU Violets handed the Rams a 7–6 defeat. Right guard Lombardi called it "the most devastating loss of my life," dashing the hopes of a bowl game. (The previous year, Fordham had spoiled NYU's undefeated season and bowl hopes with a 21–0 shutout.)


1936 Fordham Rams football team
Fordham ended up 15th in the final AP rankings in the first year for the poll.


1936 French Championships (tennis)
The 1936 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 24 May until 1 June. It was the 41st staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year.


1936 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Singles
Gottfried von Cramm defeated  Fred Perry 6–0, 2–6, 6–2, 2–6, 6–0


1936 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Doubles
Jean Borotra /  Marcel Bernard defeated  Charles Tuckey /  Pat Hughes  6–2, 3–6, 9–7, 6–1


1936 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's Doubles
Simonne Mathieu  /  Billie Yorke defeated  Susan Noel /  Jadwiga Jędrzejowska 2–6, 6–4, 6–4


1936 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Mixed Doubles
Billie Yorke /  Marcel Bernard  defeated  Sylvie Jung Henrotin /  André Martin-Legeay  7–5, 6–8, 6–3


1936 French Championships – Men's Singles
Gottfried von Cramm defeated Fred Perry 6–0, 2–6, 6–2, 2–6, 6–0 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1936 French Championships.


1936 French Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Gottfried von Cramm is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1936 French Championships – Women's Singles
Hilde Sperling defeated Simonne Mathieu 6–3, 6–4 in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1936 French Championships.


1936 French Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Hilde Sperling is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1936 French Grand Prix
The 1936 French Grand Prix (formally the XXX Grand Prix de l'Automobile Club de France) was a Grand Prix motor race which was held at Montlhéry, France on 28 June 1936. The race was held over 80 laps of the 12.5 km course for a total distance of 1000 km. The race was won by Jean-Pierre Wimille and Raymond Sommer driving a Bugatti.


1936 French Grand Prix
Due to national outcry as a result of the 1935 Grand Prix where just one French car started which was uncompetitive and failed to finish, it was decided that for 1936 the race should be held as an endurance race for sports cars, with rules very similar to the 24 Hours of Le Mans, and featured a Le Mans start. All 37 cars had two drivers, and were divided into 3 groups based on engine capacity: Group I for 0.75L to 2.0L, Group II for 2.0L to 4.0L, and Group III for over 4.0L.


1936 French Grand Prix
Many entrants considered this race to be a replacement for the cancelled 1936 24 Hours of Le Mans.


1936 French legislative election
French legislative elections to elect the 16th legislature of the French Third Republic were held on 26 April and 3 May 1936. This was the last legislature of the Third Republic and the last election before World War II. The number of candidates set a record, with 4,807 people vying for 618 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. In the Seine Department alone, there were 1,402 candidates.


1936 French legislative election
The Popular Front, composed of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), the Radical-Socialists, the French Section of the Communist International (SFIC), and miscellaneous leftists, won power from the broad Republican coalitions that had governed since the 6 February 1934 crisis. Léon Blum became president of the council. Broad Republican coalitions had governed since the 6 February 1934 crisis: Government Gaston Doumergue II (Union Nationale, 272 days), Government Flandin I (204 days), Government Bouisson (3 days) and Government Laval IV (229 days).


1936 French legislative election
For the first time, the Radical-Socialists were eclipsed on the left by the SFIO, while still keeping a considerable role in French politics.


1936 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 1936 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented Fresno State Normal School during the 1936 college football season.


1936 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
Fresno State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC).> The 1936 team was led by first-year head coach James Bradshaw and played home games at Fresno State College Stadium on the campus of Fresno City College in Fresno, California. They finished the season with a record of five wins, three losses and one tie (5–3–1, 2–1 FWC). The Bulldogs outscored their opponents 152–91 for the season.


1936 Fresno State Bulldogs football team, Team players in the NFL
No Fresno State Bulldog players were selected in the 1937 NFL Draft.


1936 Galician Statute of Autonomy referendum
A referendum on the approval of the Galician Statute of Autonomy was held in Galicia on Saturday, 4 July 1936. Voters were asked whether they ratified a proposed draft Statute of Autonomy Galicia. Article 12 of the Spanish Constitution of 1931 allowed for Spanish provinces to be organized into "autonomous regions", provided that a regional Statute was proposed by a majority of the provinces' municipalities comprising at least two-thirds of the provincial population and that two-thirds majority of all those eligible to vote accepted the draft Statute.


1936 Galician Statute of Autonomy referendum
The referendum resulted in 99.4% of valid votes in support of the draft Statute on a turnout of 74.5%, representing 74.0% of the electorate. However, the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War prevented the draft Statute from being submitted to the Spanish Cortes for its final approval.


1936 Gent–Wevelgem
The 1936 Gent–Wevelgem was the third edition of the Gent–Wevelgem cycle race and was held on 28 May 1936. The race started in Ghent and finished in Wevelgem. The race was won by Robert Van Eenaeme.


1936 George Washington Colonials football team
The 1936 George Washington Colonials football team was an American football team that represented George Washington University as an independent during the 1936 college football season. In its eighth season under head coach Jim Pixlee, the team compiled a 7–1–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 175 to 38. The team defeated Arkansas, Wake Forest, and West Virginia, tied with Ole Miss, and lost to Rice.


1936 Georgetown Hoyas football team
The 1936 Georgetown Hoyas football team was an American football team that represented Georgetown University as an independent during the 1936 college football season. In their fifth season under head coach Jack Hagerty, the Hoyas compiled a 6–2–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 160 to 36. The team played its home games at Griffith Stadium in Washington, D.C.


1936 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1936 Georgia Bulldogs football team  represented the Georgia Bulldogs of the University of Georgia during the 1936 college football season. The Bulldogs completed the season with a 5–4–1 record.


1936 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1936 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets of the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1936 college football season.


1936 Georgia gubernatorial election
The 1936 Georgia gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1936, in order to elect the Governor of Georgia.


1936 Georgia gubernatorial election
Incumbent Democratic Governor Eugene Talmadge was term-limited, and ineligible to run for a third term. Talmadge instead ran for the U.S. Senate.


1936 Georgia gubernatorial election
As was common at the time, the Democratic candidate ran with only token opposition in the general election so therefore the Democratic primary was the real contest, and winning the primary was considered tantamount to election.


1936 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
The Democratic primary election was held on September 9, 1936. As Rivers won a majority of county unit votes, there was no run-off.


1936 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, County unit system
From 1917 until 1962, the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Georgia used a voting system called the county unit system to determine victors in statewide primary elections.


1936 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, County unit system
The system was ostensibly designed to function similarly to the Electoral College, but in practice the large ratio of unit votes for small, rural counties to unit votes for more populous urban areas provided outsized political influence to the smaller counties.


1936 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, County unit system
Under the county unit system, the 159 counties in Georgia were divided by population into three categories. The largest eight counties were classified as "Urban", the next-largest 30 counties were classified as "Town", and the remaining 121 counties were classified as "Rural". Urban counties were given 6 unit votes, Town counties were given 4 unit votes, and Rural counties were given 2 unit votes, for a total of 410 available unit votes. Each county's unit votes were awarded on a winner-take-all basis.


1936 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, County unit system
Candidates were required to obtain a majority of unit votes (not necessarily a majority of the popular vote), or 206 total unit votes, to win the election. If no candidate received a majority in the initial primary, a runoff election was held between the top two candidates to determine a winner.


1936 German Grand Prix
The 1936 German Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held at the Nürburgring on 26 July 1936.


1936 German Ice Hockey Championship
The 1936 German Ice Hockey Championship was the 20th season of the German Ice Hockey Championship, the national championship of Germany. Berliner Schlittschuhclub won the championship by defeating SC Riessersee in the final.


1936 German football championship
The  1936 German football championship, the 29th edition of the competition, was won by 1. FC Nürnberg by defeating Fortuna Düsseldorf 2–1 after extra time in the final. It was Nuremberg's sixth championship and its first since 1927. Fortuna Düsseldorf made its second final appearance, having previously won the competition in 1933 but, after 1936, the team would never appear in the final again. Nuremberg had eliminated the champions of the previous two seasons, Schalke 04 in the semi-finals, making 1936 the only final from 1933 to 1942 not to include the club. Schalke however would return to its winning ways the following season when it defeated Nuremberg in the 1937 final.


1936 German football championship
PSV Chemnitz's Erwin Helmchen was the top scorer of the 1936 championship with ten goals.


1936 German football championship
It was the last German championship final in Berlin to be played at a venue other than the Olympiastadion, the latter having been built for the 1936 Summer Olympics and being used for all finals from 1937 to 1944 and six more after the Second World War.


1936 German football championship
The sixteen 1935–36 Gauliga champions competed in a group stage of four groups of four teams each, with the group winners advancing to the semi-finals. The two semi-final winners then contested the 1936 championship final. The 1936 season saw the introduction of a game for third place, played between the two losing semi-finalists.


1936 German football championship, Competition, Group 1
Group 1 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Brandenburg, Ostpreußen, Sachsen and Westfalen:


1936 German football championship, Competition, Group 2
Group 2 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Nordmark, Niedersachsen, Pommern and Schlesien:


1936 German football championship, Competition, Group 3
Group 3 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Bayern, Mitte, Südwest and Württemberg:


1936 German football championship, Competition, Group 4
Group 4 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Baden, Hessen, Mittelrhein and Niederrhein:


1936 German parliamentary election and referendum
Federal elections were held in Germany on 29 March 1936. They took the form of a single-question referendum, asking voters whether they approved of the military occupation of the Rhineland and a single party list for the new Reichstag composed exclusively of Nazis and nominally independent 'guests' of the party. Like previous votes in the Nazi era, it was rigged, with a claimed turnout of 99% and 98.8% voting in favour. In a publicity stunt, a number of voters were packed aboard the airships Graf Zeppelin and Hindenburg, which flew above the Rhineland as those aboard cast their ballots.


1936 German parliamentary election and referendum
This was the first German election held after enactment of the 1935 Nuremberg Laws, which had removed citizenship rights (including the right to vote) from Jews and other ethnic minorities. In the previous elections and referendums under Nazi rule, Jews, Poles and other ethnic minorities had been allowed to vote without much interference, and even tacitly encouraged to vote against the Nazis (especially in districts that were known to have large populations of ethnic minorites). On 7 March 1936, Jews and Gypsies lost their right to vote.


1936 German parliamentary election and referendum
Their removal from the electoral process accounted for much of the large drop in invalid and negative votes, which fell from over five million in 1934 to barely half a million in 1936. The Nazis also lowered the voting age, in large part so as to ensure that the electorate was about the same size as in 1934 but also to exploit the relatively enthusiastic support of younger Germans for the Nazi regime.


1936 German parliamentary election and referendum
The new Reichstag convened for formulary procedures on 30 January 1937 to re-elect its Presidium and Hermann Göring as President of the Reichstag.


1936 Giro d'Italia
The 1936 Giro d'Italia was the 24th edition of the Giro d'Italia, a cycling race organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 16 May in Milan with a stage that stretched 161 km (100 mi) to Turin, finishing back in Milan on 7 June after a 248 km (154 mi) stage and a total distance covered of 3,766 km (2,340 mi). The race was won by the Italian rider Gino Bartali of the Legnano team, with fellow Italians Giuseppe Olmo and Severino Canavesi coming in second and third respectively.


1936 Giro d'Italia, Participants
Of the 89 riders that began the Giro d'Italia on 16 May, 45 of them made it to the finish in Rome on 7 June. Riders were allowed to ride on their own or as a member of a team; 46 riders competed as part of a team, while the remaining 44 competed independently. The seven teams that partook in the race were: Bianchi, Dei, Fréjus, Ganna, Gloria, Legnano, and Maino.


1936 Giro d'Italia, Participants
The peloton was composed of only Italian riders due to the political situation involving Italy at the time. The field featured two former Giro d'Italia winners with Costante Girardengo who won the race in 1919 and 1923 and the returning champion Vasco Bergamaschi. Other notable Italian riders included Gino Bartali, Giovanni Valetti, and Giuseppe Olmo.


1936 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider – wore a pink jersey. This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered as the winner of the Giro.


1936 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The highest ranked isolati cyclist in the general classification were tracked.


1936 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
In the mountains classification, the race organizers selected different mountains that the route crossed and awarded points to the riders who crossed them first.


1936 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The winner of the team classification was determined by adding the finish times of the best three cyclists per team together and the team with the lowest total time was the winner. If a team had fewer than three riders finish, they were not eligible for the classification.


1936 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.


1936 Giro di Lombardia
The 1936 Giro di Lombardia was the 32nd edition of the Giro di Lombardia cycle race and was held on 8 November 1936. The race started and finished in Milan. The race was won by Gino Bartali of the Legnano team.


1936 Glasgow Corporation election
An Election to the Glasgow Corporation was held on 3 November 1936, alongside municipal elections across Scotland.


1936 Glasgow Corporation election
Glasgow Corporation at the time was made up of 116 members, of whom 114 were elected. Following the election the Corporation was composed of 47 Progressives/Moderates (49 including the ex officio members, who sat as Progressives), 55 Socialists, and 12 ILP councilors.


1936 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team
The 1936 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Gonzaga University during the 1936 college football season. In their sixth year under head coach Mike Pecarovich, the Bulldogs compiled a 5–3 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 98 to 73.


1936 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team
Fullback George Karamatic led the team's offense and received first-team honors from both the Associated Press and United Press on the 1936 All-Pacific Coast football team. Karamatic later played in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins.


1936 Governor General's Awards
The 1936 Governor General's Awards for Literary Merit inaugurated Canada's annual program of Governor General's Awards, late in 1937 recognizing 1936 publications. There were only two categories, fiction and non-fiction, English language only.


1936 Governor General's Awards
The awards were presented by Lord Tweedsmuir, then Governor General of Canada—and, as John Buchan, the noted author of The Thirty-Nine Steps (1915, adapted as a 1935 film by Alfred Hitchcock).


1936 Grand National
The 1936 Grand National was the 95th renewal of the world-famous Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 27 March 1936.


1936 Grand National
Reynoldstown, a 10/1 shot owned and trained by Major Noel Furlong and ridden by amateur jockey Fulke Walwyn, won the race for the second year in a row after being left clear by Davy Jones running out at the last fence.


1936 Grand National
At the 17th fence, Avenger incurred a cervical fracture in a fall and had to be euthanised.


1936 Grand Prix season
The 1936 Grand Prix season was the fourth AIACR European Championship season. The championship was won by Bernd Rosemeyer, driving for the Auto Union team. Rosemeyer won three of the four events that counted towards the championship.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour
The 1936 Great Britain Lions tour was a tour by the Great Britain national rugby league team of Australia and New Zealand which took place between May and August 1936. The tour involved a schedule of 24 games, 16 in Australia including a three-test series against Australia for the Ashes and a further 8 in New Zealand including a two-test series against New Zealand.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour
Captained by Jim Brough the Lions returned home having won 21 and lost 3 of their games. They won the Ashes against Australia 2–1 and made a clean sweep against New Zealand winning both test matches.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour
Despite being a British team the team played as, and were universally referred to by both the press at home and away, as England.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Squad
A 26-man squad was selected for the tour with the names announced in March 1936 with Jim Sullivan named as captain. Two weeks after the squad was named, Sullivan withdrew from the squad due to the illness of his wife, the Rugby Football League (RFL) made Leeds fullback Jim Brough captain, moved Billy Belshaw from the centres to fullback and called up Wigan's Gwyn Davies to the vacancy in the centres. The squad that assembled in April 1936 comprised:


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Squad
The two team managers were W. Poppleton of Bramley and R.F. Anderton of Warrington.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Schedule and results
The majority of the team sailed from Tilbury on 17 April 1936 on board the SS Cathay with the Leeds and Warrington players together with Hunslet's Harry Beverley departing by train on 24 May to meet the rest of the team at Marseilles. The split departure was due to the players being involved in the Challenge Cup final on 18 April and in Beverley's case due to a family illness. The team arrived in Melbourne on 25 May and travelled to Sydney by train the following day.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Schedule and results
Following the conclusion of the tour, the squad returned home sailing from Auckland on 18 August aboard the SS Akaroa and arriving in Southampton on 17 September 1936.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, First test
The first Ashes test was played at the Sydney Cricket Ground on 29 June 1936. Interest in the game was so high that within half an hour of the gates opening at 9 am the ground was full despite kick-off not being until 3 pm.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, First test
Prior to the kick-off the newly instituted Courtney Goodwill Trophy was presented to Henry Flegg of the Australian Rugby League Board of Control by Ernest Farrar on behalf of the trophy donor, Roy Courtney.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, First test
Injury to England captain, Jim Brough, meant a re-organisation for the England team with Billy Belshaw playing at full-back and Arthur Atkinson captaining the side. After Australian captain, David Brown scored an early penalty it was England who scored the first try when Harry Beverley scored from a scrum close to the Australian line. With the resulting conversion attempt missed England led 3–2. The lead was not to last long as Brown kicked another penalty soon after to give Australia a 4–3 advantage. These were the only scores of the first half but before half-time props Nat Silcock (England) and Ray Stehr (Australia) were sent off for fighting during a scrum.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, First test
The second half was all Australia's as they scored four converted tries through Brown with two and one each for Joe Pearce and Alan Ridley to lead 24–3 before Beverley scored a consolation try for England just before the end which Martin Hodgson converted.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, Second test
The second test was played in Brisbane a week after the first test. An unchanged Australian side were looking for a first Ashes series win since 1920. England made several changes with Brough returning as captain at fullback with Belshaw returning to the centres in place of the injured Atkinson alongside Gus Risman as Brogden moved out to the wing in place of Morley. Watkins replaced McCue at scrum-half while in the forwards Arkwright and Armitt replaced Miller and Field.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, Second test
On a pitch that was heavy after a lot of rain, England made the better start winning more possession from the scrum than the Australians and this pressure led to the first try when Alan Edwards scored in the corner. A Gus Risman penalty increased England's lead to 5–0 before Australia drew level with a try from winger Arch Crippin. Retrieving a dropped England pass on his own 25 yards (23 m) line Crippin ran the length of the pitch beating fullback Brough to score under the posts, leaving a simple conversation for Jack Beaton to level the scores.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, Second test
In the second half, Edwards scored a second try for England form a scrum in much the same fashion as his first try and a successful conversion by Risman gave England a 10–5 lead which Australia reduced to a three-point lead when David Brown kicked a goal. The final points of the game came from Martin Hodgson as he kicked a penalty resulting from offside close to the Australian line.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, Third test
The deciding test in the series was played at the Sydney Cricket Ground of 18 July 1936. England made only one change from the side that won the second test with  Belshaw replacing Brough, who was injured, as fullback and bringing Barney Hudson into the centres. In the absences of Brough, Gus Risman captained the side for the first time. Australia made two changes, giving a debut to half-back Fred Gilbert and recalling Peter Madsen three years after his previous international appearance. Madsen was played at hooker, not his normal position - all his previous caps were at prop-forward - a decision later criticised in the Australian press.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, Third test
Australia scored first with David Brown kicking a penalty halfway through the first half. About five minutes before the end of the half England prop, Jack Arkwright and his Australian counterpart, Ray Stehr were both sent off for fighting. This was the second time in the series that Stehr had been sent off and subsequently he was banned for three games while Arkwright was suspended until 31 July. With time running out in the first half England scored the only try of the half as Stan Brogden kicked over the Australian backs and Barney Hudson collected the ball to score in the corner. With Martin Hodgson converting the try, England led 5–2 at half-time.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, Ashes series, Third test
In the second half the greater weight and skill of the English forwards saw England dominating play at the scrum, by the end of the game England had won 41 scrums to Australia's 14. England's second try came from a scrum as Emlyn Jenkins passed to Brogden who scored. Hodgson converted to make England's lead 10–2. A further Hodgson goal made it 12–2 before Australia scored a try in the last minutes of the match as Vic Hey touched down   following a break through the English defence by Wally Prigg. With Brown adding the conversion to bring the scores to 12–7, the last minutes were tense but England held on to win the match and the series.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand test series, First test
The English came into the first test at Carlaw Park, Auckland with the same back line up from the third test in Australia and only two changes in the forwards with Field and Troup replacing Arkwright and Beverley. The game was one where the defences held the upper hand as England's dominance in the scrums was matched by New Zealand's backs controlling more of the open play. The first half only saw one score with New Zealand captain Puti Watene kicking the goal which gave New Zealand a 2–0 lead at the interval.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand test series, First test
The first try went to England when from a scrum near the halfway line a passing movement along the threequarter line ended with winger Alan Edwards scoring in the corner. This gave England a narrow 3–2 lead which then changed hands twice as Watene and Hodgson traded goals. England then scored another try, again from a scrum, as stand-off Emlyn Jenkins ran through the New Zealand defensive line to score. With the conversion missed the score was 8–4 to England, two further penalties for Watene and Hodgson increased the score to 10–6. New Zealand tried to score in the dying minutes of the game but Thomas Trevarthan could only manage a field goal with the last play of the game to give England a 10–8 victory.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand test series, Second test
The second test was played a week after the first, again at Carlaw Park in Auckland. England made one change with Jack Arkwright replacing Martin Hodgson in the forwards. New Zealand made two changes bringing Claude Dempsey in at fullback and Ted Mincham on the wing.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand test series, Second test
England opened the scoring with a Gus Risman penalty before Puti Watene levelled the score with a penalty. New Zealand had a try disallowed before England scored their first try as Arkwright scored from a try. Risman converted to make the score 7–2. Further tries from Alan Edwards and Jack Miller together with a Risman conversion gave England a 15–2 half-time advantage.


1936 Great Britain Lions tour, New Zealand test series, Second test
The start of the second half saw New Zealand with the advantage as a try by Joe Cootes sandwiched between two Watene penalties, and a Watene conversion brought New Zealand within four points of England. A further attack by New Zealand which would have closed the gap to one-point ended with England extending their lead as Barney Hudson intercepted a New Zealand pass and scored a try. Risman's conversion and a second try for Arkwright made the score 23–11 to England. Just before full-time England stand-off Emlyn Jenkins was sent off for arguing with the referee.


1936 Greek legislative election
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by JJMC89 bot III (talk | contribs) at 19:42, 15 April 2020 (Moving Category:History of Greece (1924–41) to Category:History of Greece (1924–1941) per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Speedy). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1936 Greek legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 26 January 1936. The Liberal Party emerged as the largest party in Parliament, winning 126 of the 300 seats.


1936 Green Bay Packers season
The 1936 Green Bay Packers season was the franchise 's 18th season overall, 16th season in the National Football League, and the 18th under head coach Curly Lambeau. The team improved on their 8–4 record from 1935 and finished with a 10–1–1 record. Thus earning them a first-place finish in the NFL's Western Division.


1936 Green Bay Packers season
The Packers met the Eastern Division champion Boston Redskins (7–5) in the NFL Championship Game, held at the Polo Grounds in New York City. The favored Packers had won the two regular season meetings with Boston and won 21–6 for their fourth NFL Championship, first earned by playoff victory, and first since the three-championship streak of 1929–1931.


1936 Green Bay Packers season
The Packers' 1936 schedule began with six consecutive home games, with the remainder of the season on the road.


1936 Green Bay Packers season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1936 Greenock by-election
The Greenock by-election, 1936 was a by-election held on 26 November 1936 for the House of Commons constituency of Greenock in Renfrewshire, Scotland.


1936 Greenock by-election, Vacancy
The seat had become vacant on 13 October 1936 when the Secretary of State for Scotland, Sir Godfrey Collins had died at the age of 61. A National Liberal Member of Parliament (MP), he had held the seat since the January 1910 general election.


1936 Greenock by-election, Candidates
The National Liberal candidate was V. E. Cornelius, who had not previously contested a parliamentary election.


1936 Greenock by-election, Candidates
His only opponent was the Labour Party candidate, 50-year-old Robert Gibson. Gibson had unsuccessfully contested one by-election and three general elections most recently at Dundee in 1935.


1936 Greenock by-election, Result
On a high turnout, the result was a victory for Gibson, who won the seat with a swing of nearly 8%. He held the seat until his resignation in 1941.


1936 Group B (Soviet football championship)
The 1936 Soviet First League spring season was the first second tier tournament of the Soviet official football competitions. The season started on May 22, 1936, and stretched through July 15, 1936. The only game between the capital's teams Stalinets and Serp i Molot took place at the Stalinets Stadium (used to stand where today Lokomotiv Stadium stands).


1936 Group B (Soviet football championship), Spring 1936, Competition format
The winner was planned to play off against the poorest performer of the Group A. The bottom team was planned to be relegated. Wins were accounted for 3 points, draws - 2 points, losses - 1 point, and no-show - no points.


1936 Group B (Soviet football championship), Spring 1936, Withdrawn teams, Dynamo Kharkiv
Dynamo Kharkiv withdrew from the competition due to health problems of its players. The club had played against Stalinets Moscow, Stalinets Leningrad, and ZiS Moscow having on record 3 games with 0 wins, 1 draw, 2 losses, and goals ratio 3 - 9. All the records were annulled.


1936 Group B (Soviet football championship), 1936 Fall, Overview
This tournament was exact replica of the spring championship by the format of the competition, including the nomination of points.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike
The 1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike was a labor action of the splinter union "Maritime Federation of the Gulf Coast" lasting from October 31, 1936 to January 21, 1937. The strike's main effects were felt in Houston and Galveston.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike
The Gulf Coast strike was parallel to a similar West Coast maritime strike, called almost simultaneously. Both strikes were catalysts for the formation of the National Maritime Union under union leader Joseph Curran.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Origins
In Houston, New Orleans, and other major docks along the Gulf Coast, strikes and other labor conflict had been a regular annual occurrence through the 1930s. In July 1934, three black longshoremen had been shot to death in a firefight on the Houston docks during a strike. In 1935, longshoremen along the entire coast had struck from October 1 through November 27 to little avail except for 14 more killings.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Origins
Nationally, maritime workers had suffered declining wages and increasingly untenable working conditions under the leadership of the International Seamen's Union, which was perceived as corrupt and inefficient. One response was increasing numbers of wildcat strikes. In March 1936, Joseph Curran led a spontaneous four-day work stoppage on the docked SS California in San Pedro, California, attracting personal attention and a degree of support from U.S. Labor Secretary Frances Perkins.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Origins
Also by March 1936, seamen and longshoremen of the Gulf Coast port cities had organized themselves as the "Maritime Federation of the Gulf Coast". In a New Orleans conference they named Wobbly Gilbert Mers of Corpus Christi as leader. The rejection of the ISU set the stage for street tension between unions and a long list of beatings and violent incident, throughout the year.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Strike called
By his own description, in a letter to West Coast leader Harry Bridges, the biggest challenge facing Mers as head of this new organization was maintaining union solidarity across racial lines. Purportedly, a ban against black dockworkers in the ports of Brownsville and Port Isabel dated back to the Brownsville Affair of 1906. Nevertheless, another inspiration for the impending action was a small strike of black stewards on the SS Seminole of the Clyde-Mallory lines, who had refused to work in Galveston on June 13, and upon returning to New York prevented all the company's liners from sailing.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Strike called
Joseph Curran came to Texas in August. His first organizing meeting with local workers at a club was unexpectedly raided by the Houston police, with Curran escaping police custody through a bathroom window.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Strike called
On October 31 strikers of the Maritime Federation acted against an array of opponents. Their own former leadership in the International Seamen's Union not only disowned them, and had "beef gangs" chasing them through the street after dark since April, but eagerly branded them as Communists. In many cases, that was true. The Maritime Federation also were confronted by their primary targets, the shipowners, as well as the unco-operative International Longshoremen's Association and law enforcement, which had taken "a decidedly anti-labor position". Houston Police had put former Texas lawman Frank Hamer on permanent payroll as strikebreaker. Hamer's installation of a ring of labor informants triggered complaints to the National Labor Relations Board.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Strike called
In late November, the offices of the ISU moved to Houston's Cotton Exchange Building. The building became the scene of pickets and police arrests. Strikers were particularly interested in an ISU official, Wilbur Dickey, holed up there, and said to be sharing rank-and-file member information with police. On December 4, an attempt to flush out Dickey ended with him fatally shooting a striker, Johnny Kane, and Dickey and two companions were then beaten by a street mob before their rescue by police. Kane died on the 15th. The other known fatality was an Alaskan striker named Peter Banfield, a tanker seaman fatally stabbed in a fight in Galveston on December 9.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Strike called
Two melees between strikers and Houston police on the 23rd and on Christmas Eve brought at least 18 strikers to hospitalization and brought disapproving public attention to the police. Many had seemed to be drunk. Ending the strike became a priority for incoming Mayor Richard Fonville By appointing a new police chief and eliminating all "special officers," Fonville set the conditions for the violence to subside. The strike ended by union vote in New York City on January 21, 1937.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Results
The Gulf Coast strike was parallel to other US maritime strikes called at the same time. As wildcat strikes, they were not tightly co-ordinated. A West Coast "Fall Strike" began on October 29, lasted 96 days, and was led by Harry Lundeberg as president of the Maritime Federation of the Pacific.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Results
The ISU's policy and behavior towards rank-and-file members became a major factor in the founding of the National Maritime Union in May 1937. By its first convention in July, some 30,000 workers had joined.


1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike, Results
Reportedly, "From 1936 to 1938, 28 (National Maritime) union members were killed and more than 300 were injured in strikes"but not, as some sources suggest, only in the 1936 Gulf Coast strike.


1936 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team
The 1936 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team was an American football team that represented Hardin–Simmons University as an independent during the 1936 college football season. In its second season under head coach Frank Kimbrough, the team compiled a 9–2 record, defeated Texas Mines in the 1936 Sun Bowl, and outscored all opponents by a total of 302 to 41.


1936 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1936 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University as an independent during the 1936 college football season. In its second season under head coach Dick Harlow, the team compiled a 3–4–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 178 to 112. The team played its home games at Harvard Stadium in Boston.


1936 Hawthorn Football Club season
The 1936 season was the Hawthorn Football Club's 12th season in the Victorian Football League and 35th overall.


1936 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
The 1936 Holy Cross Crusaders football team represented the College of the Holy Cross during the 1936 college football season. The Crusaders were led by fourth-year head coach Eddie Anderson and played their home games at Fitton Field on campus in Worcester, Massachusetts. The team competed as a football independent. Holy Cross started the year on a five game winning streak, which helped land them a spot in the first ever AP Poll, released on October 19, 1936, being ranked 17th in that poll. Losses to Temple and rival Boston College and a tie to Saint Anselm knocked the Crusaders out of the polls by the end of the year. The team finished with an overall record of 7–2–1.


1936 Home Nations Championship
The 1936 Home Nations Championship was the thirty-second series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Five Nations, and prior to that, the Home Nations, this was the forty-ninth series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Six matches were played between 18 January and 21 March. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.


1936 Honduran Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Honduras on 26 January 1936.


1936 Honduran Constituent Assembly election, Background
Congress voted on 6 January to call elections for a Constituent Assembly to write a new constitution, with 56 in favour and two against.


1936 Honduran Constituent Assembly election, Aftermath
The newly elected Assembly met for the first time on 8 March. It drafted a constitution, article 202 of which allowed president Tiburcio Carías Andino and vice president Abraham Williams Calderón to continue in power until 1 January 1943. It also extended its term until December 1942.


1936 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1936 Hong Kong municipal election was supposed to be held on 13 January 1936 for the one of the 2 unofficial seats in the Urban Council of Hong Kong. It was supposed to be the first election after the Sanitary Board was reconstituted into the Urban Council.


1936 Hong Kong municipal election
Dr. Chau Sik-nin, who later became the Senior Unofficial Member of the Executive and Legislative Council, was elected without being contested.


1936 Howard Bulldogs football team
The 1936 Howard Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Howard College (now known as the Samford University) as a member of the Dixie Conference during the 1936 college football season. In their second year under head coach Billy Bancroft, the team compiled a 5–3–1 record and finished ad Dixie Conference champions.


1936 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1936 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State College during the 1936 college football season. They competed as an independent.


1936 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1936 Lumberjacks were led by second-year head coach Charlie Erb. They played home games at Albee Stadium in Eureka, California. Humboldt State finished with a record of six wins and three losses (6–3). The Lumberjacks outscored their opponents 139–66 for the season.


1936 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team, Team players in the NFL
No Humboldt State players were selected in the 1937 NFL Draft.


1936 Hungarian Grand Prix
The 1936 Hungarian Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held on 21 June 1936 at Népliget Park in Budapest.


1936 Hungarian Grand Prix, Classification
† Martin and Hartmann swapped grid positions for tactical reasons.


1936 Hungarian Grand Prix, Classification, Starting grid positions
† Martin and Hartmann swapped grid positions for tactical reasons.


1936 Hörkenloppet
The 1936 Hörkenloppet was a Grand Prix motor race held on 16 February 1936. The race was a part of the 1936 Grand Prix season as a non-championship race. The race was won by Eugen Bjørnstad in an Alfa Romeo 8C 2300.


1936 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1936 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1936 college football season. The Vandals were led by second-year head coach Ted Bank, and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. Home games were played on campus in Moscow at MacLean Field, with none in Boise.


1936 Idaho Vandals football team
Idaho compiled a 3–7 overall record and lost all four games in the PCC.


1936 Idaho Vandals football team
In the Battle of the Palouse with neighbor Washington State, the Vandals suffered a ninth straight loss, falling 0–14 at homecoming in Moscow on October 10. Idaho's most recent win in the series was eleven years earlier in 1925 and the next was eighteen years away in 1954.


1936 Idaho Vandals football team
Future coaches among the Vandal players included sophomores Tony Knap, Lyle Smith, and Steve Belko. Future athletic director Leon Green, grandfather of UI president Scott Green, played right end and was a team captain.


1936 Idaho Vandals football team
This was the final season for varsity football at MacLean Field and its final game on November 21 was a Vandal win; grading began on the new stadium site to the west in late summer 1936, and it opened the following season as Neale Stadium.


1936 Idaho Vandals football team, All-conference
No Vandals were named to the All-Coast team; honorable mention were tackle Stonko Pavkov, guard John Cooper, halfback Clarence Devlin, and fullback Ross Sundberg.


1936 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 1936 Idaho gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1936. Democratic nominee Barzilla W. Clark defeated Republican nominee Frank L. Stephan with 57.19% of the vote.


1936 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1936 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1936 college football season. In their 24th season under head coach Robert Zuppke, the Illini compiled a 4–3–1 record and finished in sixth place in the Big Ten Conference. Guard Cliff Kuhn was selected as the team's most valuable player.


1936 Illinois elections
Elections were held in Illinois on Tuesday, November 3, 1936.


1936 Illinois elections
The elections overall saw a strong performance by the Democratic Party.


1936 Illinois elections
Democrats retained their control of both chambers of the Illinois General Assembly and all statewide executive offices, winning all the statewide executive offices by broad margins. Democrats swept the election for University of Illinois trustees. Democrats also carried the state in the presidential election. Democratic United States senator J. Hamilton Lewis was reelected. Democrats retained all 21 U.S. congressional seats they held in the state, while Republicans retained all 6 seats they held.


1936 Illinois elections, Election information, Turnout
In the primaries, 2,674,613 ballots were cast (1,597,418 Democratic and 1,077,195 Republican).


1936 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States President
Illinois voted for the Democratic ticket of Franklin D. Roosevelt and John Nance Garner.


1936 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States Senate
Democrat J. Hamilton Lewis won reelection to a second consecutive, and third overall, term in the United States Senate.


1936 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States House
All 27 Illinois seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election in 1936.


1936 Illinois elections, Federal elections, United States House
No seats switched parties. The partisan makeup of the state's United States House of Representatives delegation remained 21 Democrats and 6 Republicans.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Governor, Democratic primary
The Chicago political machine unsuccessfully ran Chicago Board of Health president  Herman Bundesen against the incumbent Henry Horner in retribution for Horner having vetoed a bill that would have allowed bookies to legally operate, a bill favored by Chicago political bosses such as Edward J. Kelly.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Governor, General election
Challenging both Democratic nominee Henry Horner and Republican nominee Charles W. Brooks, Republican former Chicago mayor William Hale Thompson ran on the Union Progressive Party of Illinois' ballot line. There were also several other minor candidates.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Lieutenant Governor
Incumbent first-term lieutenant governor Thomas Donovan, a Democrat, did not seek reelection. Democrat John Henry Stelle was elected to succeed him.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Attorney General
Incumbent first-term Attorney General Otto Kerner Sr., a Democrat, was reelected.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Attorney General, Republican primary
No candidates ran in the Republican primary. The party ultimately nominated Charles W. Hadley, who had been the distant runner-up in the Democratic primary.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Secretary of State
Incumbent first-term Democratic Secretary of State Edward J. Hughes, a Democrat, was reelected.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Secretary of State
Hughes faced Republican former secretary of state William J. Stratton in a rematch of the 1932 race.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Auditor of Public Accounts
Incumbent first-term Auditor of Public Accounts Edward J. Barrett, a Democrat, was reelected.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Auditor of Public Accounts, Republican primary
State senator Arthur J. Bidwill won the Republican nomination, defeating, among others, fellow state senator Earle Benjamin Searcy.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Treasurer
Incumbent first-term Treasurer John Henry Stelle, a Democrat, did not seek reelection, instead running for lieutenant governor. Democrat John C. Martin was elected to succeed him in office, granting Martin a second nonconsecutive term as Illinois Treasurer.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Treasurer, Democratic primary
Former Illinois Treasurer, John C. Martin, won the Democratic primary.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Treasurer, Republican primary
Former Illinois state senator Clarence F. Buck won the Republican nomination defeating businessman Anton J. Johnson, former U.S. congressman and former Illinois Treasurer Edward E. Miller, among others.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, State Senate
Seats of the Illinois Senate were up for election in 1940. Democrats retained control of the chamber.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, State House of Representatives
Seats in the Illinois House of Representatives were up for election in 1940. Democrats retained control of the chamber.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois
An election was held for three of the nine seats for Trustees of University of Illinois to six year terms. Democrats swept all three seats.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois
All three incumbents whose terms were expiring (second-term Republican George A. Barr, first-term Republican Edward E. Barrett, and first-term Democrat Walter W. Winslow) were not nominated for reelection.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Trustees of University of Illinois
New Democratic members Homer Mat Adams, James Mansfield Cleary, and Louis C. Moschel were elected.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Judicial elections, Supreme Court
One seat on the Illinois Supreme Court had an election on June 1, 1936.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Judicial elections, Circuit Courts
Several special elections were held November 3, 1936 for the Illinois Circuit Courts.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Judicial elections, Circuit Courts
Robert J. Dunne was defeated John F. Tyrrell (1,157,312 votes to 709,625 votes) in a nonpartisan race to fill the vacancy left on the Circuit Court of Cook County by the resignation of fellow Democrat Francis S. Wilson.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Judicial elections, Circuit Courts
Democratic nominee Grendel F. Bennett defeated Republican nominee V. W. McIntire (50,216 votes to 42,026 votes) to fill the 5th district vacancy left by the resignation of Craig Van Meter.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Judicial elections, Circuit Courts
Democratic nominee Horace H. Baker defeated Republican nominee Lester H. Martin (43,987 votes to 43,877 votes) to fill the 11th district vacancy left by death of Peter Murphy.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Judicial elections, Circuit Courts
Democratic nominee Francis J. Coyle defeated Republican nominee Albert M. Crampton (51,609 votes to 50,163 votes) to fill the 14th district vacancy left by death of J. Paul Califf.


1936 Illinois elections, State elections, Judicial elections, Circuit Courts
Despite dying before the election, Republican nominee William J. Emerson defeated Democratic nominee James B. Sheean (38,712 votes to 30,184 votes) to fill the 15th district vacancy left by death of Frank T. Sheean.


1936 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1936 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1936 college football season. The participated as members of the Big Ten Conference. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Bo McMillin, in his third year as head coach of the Hoosiers.


1936 Indiana gubernatorial election
The 1936 Indiana gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1936. Democratic nominee M. Clifford Townsend defeated Republican nominee Raymond S. Springer with 55.36% of the vote.


1936 Indianapolis 500
The 24th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Saturday, May 30, 1936. The race was part of the 1936 AAA Championship Car season. The race is remembered for three noteworthy Indy traditions getting their start.


1936 Indianapolis 500
Louis Meyer became the first three-time winner of the Indianapolis 500. He notably celebrated in victory lane with a bottle of buttermilk, which later started the famous tradition of serving milk in victory lane at Indianapolis.


1936 Indianapolis 500
Lawson Harris served as Meyer's riding mechanic. Harris, who also rode with Meyer in 1933, became the first two-time Indianapolis 500 winning riding mechanic.


1936 Indianapolis 500
The Borg-Warner Trophy debuted for the winner in 1936. Also, pace car driver Tommy Milton suggested that the race winner should be awarded the official pace car as part of his complement of prizes. Louis Meyer was given the keys to the Packard after the race, and it has been a tradition ever since (with only a handful of exceptions).


1936 Indianapolis 500, Time trials
Ten-lap (25 mile) qualifying runs were utilized. Rex Mays won the pole position for the second consecutive year.


1936 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1936 Individual Speedway World Championship was the first ever Speedway World Championship and was won by Lionel Van Praag of Australia. It was the first of a record 26 times that London's Wembley Stadium would host the World Final with the last being in 1981.


1936 Individual Speedway World Championship
Despite being unbeaten in the Final, Australian Bluey Wilkinson only finished third as the Championship was decided by bonus points accumulated in previous rounds plus the score from the final. Van Praag defeated England's Eric Langton in a runoff to be declared the inaugural Speedway World Champion.


1936 Individual Speedway World Championship
As they lined up at the tapes for the runoff, Langton broke them which would ordinarily lead to disqualification. However, Van Praag stated he did not want to win the title by default and insisted that a race should take place. At the restart Langton made it to the first bend in front and led until the final bend on the last lap when Van Praag darted through the smallest of gaps to win by less than wheel length.


1936 Individual Speedway World Championship
Afterwards, controversial allegations were abound that the two riders had 'fixed' the match race, deciding between them that the first person to the first bend would win the race and the Championship and split the prize money; Langton led into the first bend but was overtaken by Van Praag. Van Praag reportedly paid Langton £50 "conscience money" after the race for going back on the agreement.


1936 International Cross Country Championships
The 1936 International Cross Country Championships was held in Blackpool, England, at The Stadium, Squires Gate on 28 March 1936. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.


1936 International Cross Country Championships
Complete results, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1936 International Cross Country Championships, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 54 athletes from 6 countries.


1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 31st edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. Due to the low number of competing South American teams, the North & Central America and South America Zones were scrapped and the Americas played in one unified zone. From this edition, the Qualifying Round system of the Europe Zone was scrapped. 19 teams entered the Europe Zone (including Argentina, the only South American team to enter), while 4 teams entered the Americas Zone.


1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
Australia defeated the United States in the Americas Zone final, while in the Europe Zone final Germany defeated Yugoslavia. The Australians then defeated Germany in the Inter-Zonal play-off, but would fall to Great Britain in the Challenge Round. The final was played at the All England Club Centre Court in Wimbledon, London, England on 25–28 July.


1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge America Zone
The America Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge.


1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge America Zone
Due to the low number of competing South American teams, the North & Central America and South America Zones were scrapped and the Americas played in one unified zone. 4 teams entered the Americas Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the Europe Zone. Australia defeated United States in the final, and went on to face Germany in the Inter-Zonal Final.


1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge.


1936 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
19 teams entered the Europe Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the America Zone. Germany defeated Yugoslavia in the final, and went on to face Australia in the Inter-Zonal Final.


1936 International Society for Contemporary Music Festival
The 1936 International Society for Contemporary Music Festival was the fourteenth edition of the festival. Held in Barcelona from 19 to 23 April 1936, just three months before the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, it was one of the last major cultural events of the Second Spanish Republic. This edition is best remembered for the posthumous world premiere of Alban Berg's Violin Concerto on its inaugural day.


1936 International Society for Contemporary Music Festival, Programme
The compositions were selected in Barcelona from 28 December 1935 to 1 January 1936 by a jury formed by Ernest Ansermet, Edward J. Dent, Joan Lamote de Grignon, Anton Webern and Bolesław Woytowicz. Knudåge Riisager could not attend the meeting.


1936 International Society for Contemporary Music Festival, Programme
1 Anton Webern was scheduled to conduct Berg's Concerto and Krenek's Karl V, but he was replaced respectively by Scherchen and Ansermet, who also conducted the other three compositions.


1936 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1936 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1936 college football season. This was Ossie Solem's fifth and final season as head coach of the Hawkeyes.


1936 Iowa Senate election
The 1936 Iowa State Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 1936 United States elections. Iowa voters elected state senators in 32 of the state senate's 50 districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Iowa State Senate.


1936 Iowa Senate election
A statewide map of the 50 state Senate districts in the 1936 elections is provided by the Iowa General Assembly


1936 Iowa Senate election
The primary election on June 1, 1936 determined which candidates appeared on the November 3, 1936 general election ballot.


1936 Iowa Senate election
Following the previous election, Democrats had control of the Iowa state Senate with 28 seats to Republicans' 22 seats. Due to some vacancies and special elections, by election day 1936, Democrats held 26 seats to Republicans' 24.


1936 Iowa Senate election
To claim control of the chamber from Democrats, the Republicans needed to net 2 Senate seats.


1936 Iowa Senate election
Republicans gained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1936 general election with the balance of power shifting to Republicans holding 28 seats and Democrats having 22 seats (a net gain of 4 seats for Republicans).


1936 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1936 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State College of Agricultural and Mechanic Arts (later renamed Iowa State University) in the Big Six Conference during the 1936 college football season. In their sixth and final season under head coach George Veenker, the Cyclones compiled a 3–3–2 record (1–3–1 against conference opponents), finished in fifth place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 112 to 94. They played their home games at State Field in Ames, Iowa.


1936 Iowa State Cyclones football team
End Clarence Gustine was the team captain. Gustine was also selected as a first-team all-conference player.


1936 Iowa gubernatorial election
The 1936 Iowa gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1936. Democratic nominee Nelson G. Kraschel defeated Republican nominee George A. Wilson with 48.56% of the vote.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état
The 1936 Iraqi coup d'état, also known as the Bakr Sidqi coup was the first military coup in modern Iraq, initiated by general Bakr Sidqi in order to otherthrow Prime Minister Yasin al-Hashimi. The coup succeeded in installing Hikmat Sulayman as the new Prime Minister, while Sidqi was de'facto ruler of Iraq as powerful Chief of Staff. Bakr Sidqi was assassinated the next year in Mosul. After Baqr Sidqi's coup and until 1941, in a wave of political instability, the Kingdom of Iraq experienced 6 more political coups, involving extra-constitutional transfer of power.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, The coup
In 1936, during the reign of Faisal's ineffectual son King Ghazi I, Sidqi, then acting commander of the Iraqi Army, staged what was probably the first modern military coup d'état in the Arab world against the government of Yasin al-Hashimi. Eleven Iraqi military planes dropped leaflets over Baghdad on October 29, 1936, requesting the King for the dismissal of Yasmin al-Hashimi’s administration and for the installment of the ousted anti-reform Prime Minister Hikmat Sulayman. In addition, the leaflets warned the citizens that military action will be taken against those who do not “answer our sincere appeal”. It is important to note that the leaflets were signed by Sidqi himself as the “Commander of the National Forces of Reform”. Badr Sidqi, wanted to improve the Iraqi ties towards Iran and Kemalist Turkey.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, The coup
Bakr Sidqi could not have found a better time to execute his plan as the Chief of Staff, because General Taha al-Hashimi was in Ankara, Turkey. As the acting Chief of Staff, Sidqi ordered those in the military and in the air force, who shared his beliefs of a military coup to adhere to his directions. Any and all interference by Sidqi’s opponents was neutralized by Sidqi, who managed to send a telegram to Taha al-Hashimi ordering him not to return.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, The coup
In an interview conducted by Majid Khadduri, the writer claims that Sidqi had disclosed Khodduri that the king had called the British Ambassador, Sir Archibald Clark Kerr, over to Zahur Palace for advice. The ambassador suggested that the king invite all ministers in the government for an emergency meeting. Of those in attendance were Yasin al-Hashimi, Nuri as-Sa’id, General Ja’far al-Askari and Rashid Ali, minister of interior. Immediately, the king discounted any notion of a revolutionary movement, however, this proved to be costly as reports of some bombing in Serai and the advancement of troops towards Baghdad reached the palace.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, The coup
With the exception of Nuri al-Sa’id, all those present in the palace agreed to comply with the demands of Bakr Sidqi and allow Hikmat Sulayman to step into power. As a result, Yasin al-Hashimi resigned. According to Khodduri, Ambassador Kerr suggested that Hikmat be invited to the meeting. Coincidentally, Sulayman arrived at the palace to deliver the letter, written by Sidqi and Latif Nuri, to the king explaining the implications of the coup.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, The coup
Jafar al-Askari, who was minister of defense during the coup and twice the prime minister of Iraq prior to Yasin al-Hashimi, sought out to deter Sidqi from his plans by attempting to distract the two battalions loyal to Sidqi from advancing towards Baghdad. In addition, he tried to appeal to those officers, who still regarded him as instrumental in the formation of the Iraqi army.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, The coup
Cautious of any dissention as a result of al-Askari’s actions, Sidqi’s sent two of his men, Akram Mustapha, member of the air force, and Ismail Tohalla, who had participated in the Simele Massacre, to assassinate him. The death of al-Askari was widely viewed as a challenge to the old government and highlighted Sidqi’s quest in ultimately gaining control of the country by first taking over the army. As a result, Nuri al-Sa’id was exiled to Cairo and Yasin al-Hashimi was exiled to Istanbul.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, The coup
Despite the obvious overthrow, Sidqi found it necessary to enter the capital city of Baghdad with the army and parade with the citizens. According to Khodduri, some felt this was a move to dissuade any last-minute resistance while others felt that Sidqi wanted to prove himself with the parade and be applauded for bringing in a new regime for Iraq.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, The coup
As a result of the coup, Yasin stepped down, insisting that the king write a formal letter accepting his resignation. Sulayman became Prime Minister and Minister of Interior, but after overthrowing the government, it was Sidqi, who as commander of the armed forces, essentially ruled Iraq. Some other members of the new cabinet included Abu al-Timman, Minister of Finance, Kamil al-Chadirchi, Minister of Economics and Public Works, Abd al-Latif, Minister of Defense and Yusuf Izz ad-Din Ibrahim as Minister of Education. It is important to note that though Sidqi was instrumental in the formation of the coup, he did not want a cabinet position and remained Chief of the General Staff.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, Aftermath
The murder of al-Askari created strong feelings, especially among Iraqi forces, against the new government, and Sulayman's cabinet lasted under ten months, before Sidqi was assassinated. In August 1937, while en route to Turkey, Sidqi was assassinated in the garden of one of the air force bases in Mosul along with Mohammad ‘Ali Jawad, the commanding officer of the Iraqi Royal Air Force. Both Sidqi and Jawad were sent as part of a military mission by the Iraqi government, in response to an invitation from the Turkish government. Sidqi had stopped in Mosul on August 11 on the way to Turkey to spend the afternoon with Jawed when a soldier named Muhammad ‘Ali Talla’fari opened fire, instantly killing both men. The bodies of both men were flown to Baghdad the following day and buried with full military honors.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, Aftermath
Many attribute his murder to his reformist judgment and dissociation from the idea of pan-Arabism. It is still unclear as to who was behind the death of Sidqi, but many conspiracy theories have emerged. Some theories state that the British in conjunction with Nuri al-Sa’id were behind it. Other theories suggest that Sidqi was assassinated by a group of dissident nationalist military officers, who had withdrawn their support from him after he had promoted adherent officers key military posts. However, a thorough investigation by Hikmat Sulayman’s government, revealed seven army officers as part of the plot, including Aziz Yamulki, Fahmi Sa’id, Mahmud Hindi and Muhammad Khorshid.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, Aftermath
As a result of Sidqi's assassination, Sulayman resigned as Prime Minister and was succeeded by Jamil al-Midfai.


1936 Iraqi coup d'état, Importance
The 1936 coup marked the "beginning of end" of constitutional order in Iraq. After 1936, extra-constitutional, often violent transfers of power became a rule more than exception, while the monarchical rule began its gradual disintegration.


1936 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1936 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during August with the final being held at Harold's Cross Stadiumin Dublin on August 28.


1936 Irish Greyhound Derby
The winner Minstrel Rover won £320 and was owned and trained by Michael Sheehan. The trophy was presented by the Lord Mayor, the Right Honorable Alfie Byrne.


1936 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
First season owner trainer Michael Sheehan purchased two greyhounds for £85 one of which was a greyhound called Minstrel Rover. In the first round Negro's Equal went fastest in 30.29 and in round two Negro's Equal carried Minstrel Rover wide which allowed Formal Hope to win in 30.33. In the first semi-final Minstrel Rover defeated Negro's Equal in 30.33 before Formal Hope was eliminated and Good Trump defeated Bhang by six lengths.


1936 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
In the final Minstrel Rover held off a strong finish from the unlucky Negro's Equal. Bhang finished third with Irish St Leger champion Moresby unplaced.


1936 Isle of Man TT
The 1936 Isle of Man Tourist Trophy saw Norton rider Jimmie Guthrie win the Senior, and come fifth in the Junior. The Junior was won by Freddie Frith in his first year on the Norton team, and the Lightweight was won by Bob Foster on a New Imperial.


1936 Isle of Man TT
Following on from the dramatic win by Stanley Woods in the 1935 Senior TT Race, the 1936 Junior TT Race proved to be highly controversial and was marred by disqualification and protest. As Moto Guzzi were involved in war production for the crisis in Abyssinia, Stanley Woods rode for Velocette in the 1936 Junior TT but retired at Sulby on lap 1 with engine problems. After leading for five laps, Jimmie Guthrie was forced to stop between Hillberry and Signpost Corner to replace the drive chain.


1936 Isle of Man TT
Although Jimmie Guthrie continued in 2nd place the lead passed to Norton team-mate Freddie Frith who had joined the team after winning the 1935 Junior Manx Grand Prix. At Parliament Square in Ramsey on lap 6, Jimmie Guthrie was 'black-flagged' for receiving outside assistance and disqualified. Guthrie denied the charge, however, and continued the race to finish in fifth place which was won by Freddie Frith to record his first Isle of Man TT win at an average race speed of 80.14 mph (128.97 km/h). The Norton race team protested the disqualification and Jimmie Guthrie was posted in 5th place in the final race classification and was awarded 2nd place prize money.


1936 Isle of Man TT
In the Senior TT race Harold Daniell and George Rowley rode supercharged AJS V4s, but despite their high top speed, the bikes lacked acceleration. Both riders retired due to mechanical problems.


1936 Isle of Man TT
The 1936 Lightweight TT Race was held after being delayed for a day because of mist and fog on the Mountain Course. The 1936 Lightweight Race proved to be closely contested by Bob Foster riding for New Imperial and Stanley Woods riding the 3 cylinder supercharged 250 cc DKW who retired on lap 7 after stopping to change a spark-plug. The 1936 Lightweight Race was won by Bob Foster at an average race speed of 74.28 mph (119.54 km/h) from Tyrell Smith riding for Excelsior in 2nd place and A.Geiss in 3rd place riding a DKW motor-cycle.


1936 Isle of Man TT, Senior TT (500 cc)
19 June 1936 – 7 laps (264.11 miles) Mountain Course.


1936 Isle of Man TT, Junior TT (350 cc)
16 June 1936 – 7 laps (264.11 miles) Mountain Course.


1936 Isle of Man TT, Lightweight TT (250 cc)
18 June 1936 – 7 laps (264.11 miles) Mountain Course.


1936 Italian Grand Prix
The 1936 Italian Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held at Monza on 13 September 1936. The 72 lap event was won by Bernd Rosemeyer.


1936 Japanese general election
General elections were held in Japan on 20 February 1936. Rikken Minseitō emerged as the largest party in the House of Representatives, winning 205 of the 466 seats. Following the elections, an attempted coup took place on 26 February.


1936 Japanese general election, Electoral system
The 466 members of the House of Representatives were elected from multi-member constituencies with between three and five seats.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster
The 1936 Jersey Air Disaster occurred on 31 July 1936 when the Cloud of Iona, a Saro Cloud flying boat of Guernsey Airways, went missing on a flight between Guernsey and Jersey. All ten on board were assumed to have died.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Accident
Guernsey Airways was formed in 1934 as a subsidiary of Jersey Airways to operate services between St Peter Port, Guernsey and St Brelade's Bay in Jersey. On 31 July 1936 the Cloud of Iona failed to arrive in Jersey. It had departed around 19:00 and the journey should have taken 20 minutes. The weather was poor and visibility was reduced by drizzle. At 22:00 the St Helier lifeboat was launched to search for the flying boat, it searched all night without finding anything.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Accident
In the morning a number of French military aircraft from Cherbourg and Royal Air Force aircraft joined the search from the air, an RAF seaplane reported sighting fabric and plywood in the sea. On 2 August three motorboats from Jersey returned with wreckage including wood, cushions and fabric which was identified as coming from the Isle of Iona. An official from Channel Islands Airways the parent company of both Jersey and Guernsey Airways made a statement:


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Accident
Prolonged search by every means at the disposal of the company has failed to locate the actual place at which the missing air liner disappeared. Wreckage verified as part of the flying-boat has been found near the Minquiers Rocks, which indicates that the disaster took place between that position and Jersey. The search continues. The company expresses its deep regret to the relatives of those who  must now be presumed to have lost their lives.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Sighting
Two passengers on the Great Western Railway mailboat St Helier reported seeing an aircraft in the sea about half a mile away from the ship. They reported that the aircraft propellers were turning and they expected it was going to take off. The two passengers crossed to the other side of the boat as they realised the aircraft would pass across the bows. They didn't see the aircraft on the other side and assumed it had taken off in the mist. Officials checked the bow of the ship to see if it had hit the flying boat but no marks were found.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Wreckage and bodies
On 3 August it was reported that an 18 ft long wing section had been found near Minquiers Reef and a float had washed up on a French beach at Annonville. The following few days bodies were washed ashore on the French coast. Two weeks later, on the 14 August, two Jersey fisherman found the wreckage (fuselage and engines) of the Cloud of Iona on the rocks 10 miles from Jersey.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Investigation
It was concluded that, following total engine failure, the pilot was able to land safely on the sea and, although everyone onboard had time to put on their lifejacket, the aircraft was overturned and broken up by the sea and everyone drowned.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Aircraft
The aircraft involved was a twin-engined  Saro Cloud flying boat built in 1932 and registered as G-ABXW. It was original operated by British Flying Boats Limited who named it the Cloud of Iona, before it was sold to Guernsey Airways in September 1934.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Aftermath
The inter-island seaplane service was suspended and did not operate again after the accident. The Cloud of Iona was to have been fitted with wireless equipment the week after the accident. In January 1937 the airline was prosecuted, in that they permitted the machine to be used on July 29, 30 and 31 without an approved wireless installation. They were fined £300.


1936 Jersey Air Disaster, Casualties
All on board were killed, they included five English holidaymakers and three people from Guernsey as well as the two crew (a pilot and mechanic).


1936 KLM Croydon accident
The 1936 KLM Croydon accident was the crash of a KLM airliner on 9 December 1936, shortly after taking off from the Croydon Air Port (as it was known at the time) on a scheduled flight to Amsterdam, Netherlands. The aircraft was destroyed and 15 of the 17 passengers and crew on board died as a result of the accident. Two of the passengers who died were Arvid Lindman, a former Prime Minister of Sweden, and Juan de la Cierva, the Spanish inventor of the autogyro.