1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 31 Fairfield, 5 March 1941
Charles Tillston was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Fairfield ward on 5 March 1941.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 26 Warbreck, 5 March 1941
Following the resignation of Alderman Henry Morley Miller (Conservative, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1935), Councillor Alexander Critchley (Conservative, elected for the Warbreck ward on 1 November 1937) was elected as an alderman by the councillors on 5 February 1941.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 26 Warbreck, 5 March 1941
John Green was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Warbreck ward on 5 March 1941.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 14 Brunswick, 7 May 1941
Andrew Bennett was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Brunswick ward on 7 May 1941.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 37 Garston, 4 June 1941
Following the death of Alderman John Wolfe Tone Morrissey (Labour, last elected as an alderman on 6 October 1937), Councillor Joseph Jackson Cleary (Labour, elected for the Garston ward on 1 November 1936) was elected as an alderman by the councillors on 7 May 1941.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 37 Garston, 4 June 1941
Alfred Demain was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Garston ward on 7 May 1941.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 11 Brunswick, 2 July 1941
Caused by the death  on 28 May 1941 of Councillor Thomas Hanley (Labour, last elected for the Brunswick ward on 1 November 1936).


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 11 Brunswick, 2 July 1941
Frank H. Cain was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Brunswick ward on 2 July 1941.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 10 Great George, 3 February 1942
John David Towers was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Great George ward on 3 February 1942.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 13 Prince's Park, 3 March 1942
Charles Cowlin  was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Prince's Park ward on 3 March 1942.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 32 Old Swan
Following the death, on 28 September 1943, of Alderman Edward James Deane (Conservative, elected as an alderman on 6 December 1939), Councillor Moss Greenberg (Conservative, last elected to the Old Swan ward on 1 November 1936) was elected by the councillors as an alderman on 27 October 1943.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 27 Fazakerley, 6 October 1943
Following the death, on 30 July 1943, of Alderman Dr.Robert Garnett Sheldon (Conservative, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1938), Councillor William Greenough Gregson J.P. (Conservative, elected to represent the Fazakerley ward on 1 November 1936) was elected by the councillors as an alderman to fill the vacancy on 1 September 1943


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 27 Fazakerley, 6 October 1943
Robert Alexander Smith was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Fazakerley ward on 6 October 1943.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 28 West Derby, 27 October 1943
Following the death, on 13 September 1943, of Alderman Lady Helena Agnes Daltymple Muspratt (Conservative, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1938), Councillor Ernest Ash Cookson (Conservative, elected to represent the West Derby ward on 1 November 1936) was elected by the councillors as an alderman on 6 October 1943.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 28 West Derby, 27 October 1943
Robert Cyril Beattie was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the West Derby ward on 27 October 1943.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 32 Old Swan, 9 November 1943
Ernest Walker was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Old Swan ward on 9 November 1943.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 2 North Scotland, 1 December 1943
Following the death, on 19 October 1943, of Alderman Herbert Edward Rose (Labour, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1935), Councillor Patrick Fay (Labour, last elected to represent the North Scotland ward on 1 November 1937) was elected by the councillors as an alderman on 9 November 1943.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 2 North Scotland, 1 December 1943
Thomas Fay was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the North Scotland ward on 9 November 1943.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 16 Sefton Park West, 2 February 1944
Following the resignation of Alderman William Muirhead (Conservative, last elected on 9 November 1935), Councillor Walter Thomas Lancashire J.P. (Conservative, elected to represent the Sefton Park West ward on 1 November 1936) was elected by the councillors as an alderman on 9 November 1943.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 16 Sefton Park West, 2 February 1944
Arthur Brierley Collins was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Sefton Park West ward on 2 February 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 5 Exchange, 2 February 1944
Following the death, on 10 December 1943 of Alderman Thomas Burke (Labour, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1938), Councillor Peter Kavanagh (Independent, elected unopposed for the Exchange ward on 1 November 1937) was elected by the councillors as an alderman on 5 January 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 5 Exchange, 2 February 1944
Herbert Francis Granby was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Exchange ward on 2 February 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 38 Childwall, 5 April 1944
Following the resignation of Alderman Arthur Richard Price(Liberal, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1938), Councillor William John Tristram J.P. (Liberal, elected to represent the Childwall ward on 1 November 1938) was elected by the councillors as an alderman on 1 March 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 38 Childwall, 5 April 1944
John Richard Jones J.P. was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Childwall ward on 5 April 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 8 St. Peter's, 3 May 1944
William Henry Ledsom was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the St. Peter's ward on 3 May 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 4 Vauxhall, 5 July 1944
Following the death of Councillor Joseph Leo Jones (??) on 9 May 1944 (Labour, elected unopposed for the Vauxhall ward on 1 November 1938), Joseph Cyril Brady was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Vauxhall ward on 5 July 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 20 Low Hill, 5 July 1944
William John Acheson was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Low Hill ward on 5 July 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 31 Fairfield, 26 July 1944
Charles Frederick Elias was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Fairfield ward on 26 July 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 5 Exchange, 6 December 1944
Following the death on 3 October 1944 of the Lord Mayor, Alderman Austin Harford (Independent last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1938), Councillor James Farrell (Independent, elected for the Exchange ward on 1 November 1936) was elected by the councillors as an alderman on 9 November 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 5 Exchange, 6 December 1944
Leo Henry Wright J.P. was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Exchange ward on 6 December 1944.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 20 Low Hill, 2 May 1945
Following the death of Councillor William John Acheson (appointed 5 July 1944) on 15 March 1945, George Moore was appointed by the Council as Councillor for the Low Hill ward on 2 May 1945.


1938 Liverpool City Council election, Wartime arrangements, No. 34 Wavertree,
Following the death on 25 August 1945 of Alderman Joseph Belger (Independent, last elected as an alderman on 9  November 1935), Councillor Alfred Levy (Conservative, Wavertree West 1936) was elected by the councillors as an alderman on 3 October 1945.


1938 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 1938 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 28th edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 11 May 1938. The race started and finished in Liège. The race was won by Alfons Deloor.


1938 Los Angeles mayoral recall election
The 1938 election for Mayor of Los Angeles took place on September 16, 1938 following the recall of incumbent Frank L. Shaw. Shaw was defeated by Fletcher Bowron.


1938 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team
The 1938 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented the Louisiana Polytechnic Institute (now known as Louisiana Tech University) as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association during the 1938 college football season. In their fifth year under head coach Eddie McLane, the team compiled a 3–7–1 record. Huey Williamson was the team's captain.


1938 Louisville Cardinals football team
The 1938 Louisville Cardinals football team was an American football team that represented the University of Louisville as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) during the 1938 college football season. In their third season under head coach Laurie Apitz, the Cardinals compiled a 2–6 record.


1938 Loyola Lions football team
The 1938 Loyola Lions football team was an American football team that represented Loyola University of Los Angeles (now known as Loyola Marymount University) as an independent during the 1938 college football season. In their ninth and final season under head coach Tom Lieb, the Lions compiled a 4–5 record.


1938 Loyola Wolf Pack football team
The 1938 Loyola Wolf Pack football team was an American football team that represented Loyola College of New Orleans (now known as Loyola University New Orleans) as a member of the Dixie Conference during the 1938 college football season. In their second season under head coach Larry Mullins, the team compiled a 4–5 record.


1938 Maine Black Bears football team
The 1938 Maine Black Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of Maine as a member of the New England Conference during the 1938 college football season. In its 18th season under head coach Fred Brice, the team compiled a 3–4 record (2–1 against conference opponents). The team played its home games at Alumni Field in Orono, Maine. Dana Drew was the team captain.


1938 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1938 Maine gubernatorial election took place on September 12, 1938. Incumbent Republican Governor Lewis O. Barrows defeated Democratic Party challenger (and former Governor) Louis J. Brann. Communist Party USA candidate Winfred V. Tabbutt received 325 votes.


1938 Maine gubernatorial election
Barrows' re-election coincided with a clean sweep by Maine Republicans.


1938 Maine gubernatorial election, Results
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1938 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 1938 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the sixth playing of the mid-summer classic between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and National League (NL), the two leagues comprising Major League Baseball. The game was held on July 6, 1938, at Crosley Field in Cincinnati, Ohio, the home of the Cincinnati Reds of the National League. The game resulted in the National League defeating the American League 4–1.


1938 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Rosters
Players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.


1938 Major League Baseball season
The 1938 Major League Baseball season was contested from April 18 to October 15, 1938. The Chicago Cubs and New York Yankees were the regular season champions of the National League and American League, respectively. The Yankees then defeated the Cubs in the World Series, four games to none. The Yankees became the first team to win the World Series three years in a row.


1938 Manhattan Jaspers football team
The 1938 Manhattan Jaspers football team was an American football team that represented Manhattan College as an independent during the 1938 college football season. In its first season under head coach Herb Kopf, the team compiled a 5–4 record and outscored opponents by a total of 93 to 70.


1938 Marquette Golden Avalanche football team
The 1938 Marquette Golden Avalanche football team was an American football team that represented Marquette University as an independent during the 1938 college football season. In its second season under head coach Paddy Driscoll, the team compiled a 1–7 record and was outscored by a total of 122 to 35. The team played its home games at Marquette Stadium in Milwaukee.


1938 Marshall Thundering Herd football team
The 1938 Marshall Thundering Herd football team was an American football team that represented Marshall University in the Buckeye Conference during the 1938 college football season. In its fourth season under head coach Cam Henderson, the team compiled a 5–4 record, 3–1 against conference opponents, and outscored opponents by a total of 274 to 67. Nelson Bragg was the team captain.


1938 Maryland Terrapins football team
The 1938 Maryland Terrapins football team represented the University of Maryland in the 1938 college football season. In their third season under head coach Frank Dobson, the Terrapins compiled a 2–7 record (1–2 in conference), finished in 12th place in the Southern Conference, and were outscored by their opponents 235 to 86.


1938 Maryland gubernatorial election
The 1938 Maryland gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1938. Democratic nominee Herbert O'Conor defeated incumbent Republican Harry Nice with 54.62% of the vote.


1938 Massachusetts State Aggies football team
The 1938 Massachusetts State Aggies football team represented Massachusetts State College in the 1938 college football season. The team was coached by Elbert Carraway and played its home games at Alumni Field in Amherst, Massachusetts. Mass State finished the season with a record of 3–6.


1938 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1938 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1938.


1938 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
Former Governor James Michael Curley defeated incumbent Governor Charles F. Hurley in the Democratic primary, but Curley was defeated by former Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives Leverett Saltonstall in the general election.


1938 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
Saltonstall's victory returned control of Beacon Hill to the Republicans after an unprecedented eight years of Democratic Governors.


1938 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, Independents and third parties, Townsend Recovery Act
Following his loss in the Republican primary, McMasters declared his campaign as an independent on the Townsend Recovery Act line.


1938 Masters Tournament
The 1938 Masters Tournament was the fifth Masters Tournament, held April 2–4 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Due to adverse weather conditions, the first round was delayed until Saturday, rounds 2 and 3 were played on Sunday, and the final round was on Monday.


1938 Masters Tournament
Henry Picard led by one stroke after 54 holes and shot 70 in the final round to win his only Masters, two strokes ahead of runners-up Harry Cooper and Ralph Guldahl. It was the first of two major titles for Picard, who won the PGA Championship in 1939.


1938 Masters Tournament
The purse was $5,000 with a winner's share of $1,500. Ben Hogan made his Masters debut and finished tied for 25th. Tournament host Bobby Jones finished in the top twenty for the second and final time.


1938 Masters Tournament, Field
Billy Burke (9,10), Ralph Guldahl (7,9,10), Bobby Jones (3,4,5,9), Willie Macfarlane (9), Tony Manero (7,9,12), Sam Parks Jr. (10)


1938 Masters Tournament, Field
Chuck Kocsis (10,a), Tommy Suffern Tailer (a), Bud Ward (11,a), Charlie Yates (9,a)


1938 Masters Tournament, Field
Harry Cooper (10,12), Wiffy Cox, Bobby Cruickshank (10), Leonard Dodson, Vic Ghezzi (10), Jimmy Hines (10,12), Ky Laffoon (10,12), Ray Mangrum (10), Felix Serafin, Jimmy Thomson (10), Al Watrous, Craig Wood


1938 Masters Tournament, Field
Leo Mallory, Jug McSpaden (12), Toney Penna, Frank Strafaci (a), Frank Walsh


1938 Memorial Cup
The 1938 Memorial Cup final was the 20th junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Oshawa Generals of the Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions St. Boniface Seals of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League in Western Canada. In a best-of-five series, held at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto, Ontario, St. Boniface won their 1st Memorial Cup, defeating Oshawa 3 games to 2.


1938 Memorial Cup
The underdog Seals upset all their western challengers and went to Toronto's Maple Leaf Gardens to play the four-to-one favourites, the Oshawa Generals, for the Cup. In the first game, St. Boniface protested the length of Oshawa's sticks, and after two inches had been lopped off a bunch, the Generals still won 3–2.


1938 Memorial Cup
St. Boniface came up with a 7–1 win in the final, in front of 15,617 spectators — at the time the largest crowd to have watched a Canadian hockey game.


1938 Memorial Cup, Winning roster
Herb Burron, Patch Courture, George Gordon, Herm Gruhm, Garfield Peters, Bert Janke, Jack Messett, Billy McGregor, Frank Nickol, Billy Reay, Jack Simpson, Wally Stanowski, Doug Webb. Coach: Mike Kryschuk


1938 Memphis Red Sox season
The 1938 Memphis Red Sox baseball team represented the Memphis Red Sox in the Negro American League (NAL) during the 1938 baseball season. The team compiled a 40–35–1 (.533) record and won the NAL pennant.


1938 Memphis Red Sox season
The team's leading pitcher was Lefty Wilson (4–2, 3.06 ERA).


1938 Men's British Open Squash Championship
The 1938 Open Championship was a squash tournament between the professional champion Jim Dear of the Oxford and Cambridge Club and Bert Biddle of the Junior Carlton Club. Because the defending Open Champion F. D. Amr Bey had retired it was decided that the 1938 Professional Championship would also be classed as the Open Championship. Therefore Bert Biddle took on L W R Keeble of the International Sportsmen's Club for the right to meet Dear. Biddle ran out the winner of that match 9-4, 7-9, 9-1, 9-0. The 1938 Open Championship took place over two legs, both at the Royal Automobile Club on 7 & 14 December. Dear won the first leg three games to two and then secured the Open Championship with a three games to one victory in the second leg.


1938 Men's British Open Squash Championship
In all of the eight Open Championships held so far, a third leg decider was never required. In October 1939 just before the new season began all competitions were cancelled due to the war. It would be 1947 before the return of the Championships.


1938 Mercer Bears football team
The 1938 Mercer Bears football team was an American football team that represented Mercer University as a member of the Dixie Conference during the 1938 college football season. In their tenth year under head coach Lake Russell, the team compiled a 3–6 record.


1938 Mestaruussarja – Finnish League Championship
The 1938 season was the ninth completed season of Finnish Football League Championship, known as the Mestaruussarja.


1938 Mestaruussarja – Finnish League Championship, Overview
The 1938 Mestaruussarja  was contested by 8 teams, with HJK Helsinki winning the championship. Sudet Viipuri were relegated to the second tier which was known as the Suomensarja.


1938 Miami Hurricanes football team
The 1938 Miami Hurricanes football team represented the University of Miami as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) in the 1938 college football season. The Hurricanes played their home games at Burdine Stadium in Miami, Florida. The team was coached by Jack Harding, in his second year as head coach for the Hurricanes.


1938 Miami Redskins football team
The 1938 Miami Redskins football team was an American football team that represented Miami University as a member of the Buckeye Athletic Association (BAA) during the 1938 college football season. In its seventh season under head coach Frank Wilton, Miami compiled a 6–3 record.


1938 Michigan State Normal Hurons football team
The 1938 Michigan State Normal Hurons football team represented Michigan State Normal College (later renamed Eastern Michigan University) during the 1938 college football season. In their 17th season under head coach Elton Rynearson, the Hurons compiled a record of 6–1–1 and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 166 to 36. George J. Miller and Fred J. Gruber were the team captains. The team played its home games at Walter O. Briggs Field on the school's campus in Ypsilanti, Michigan.


1938 Michigan State Spartans football team
The 1938 Michigan State Spartans football team represented Michigan State College in the 1938 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Charlie Bachman, the Spartans compiled a 6–3 record and lost their annual rivalry game with Michigan by a 14 to 0 score. In inter-sectional play, the team defeated West Virginia (26-0), Syracuse (19-12), and Temple (10-0), and lost to Santa Clara (7-6).


1938 Michigan State Spartans football team
Halfback John Pingel was selected by the Associated Press (AP), International News Service (INS) and Detroit Times as a first-team player, on the 1938 College Football All-America Team. Pingel was later inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.


1938 Michigan State Spartans football team, Game summaries, Michigan
On October 1, 1938, the Spartans lost to Michigan by a 14 to 0 score. The game, the 33rd between the two programs, was played at Michigan Stadium before 82,500 spectators. Sophomore halfback Paul Kromer, appearing in his first game for the Wolverines, scored both touchdowns. Michigan's first points were scored after Fred Trosko intercepted a John Pingel pass at the end of the first quarter, giving Michigan possession at the Spartans' 47-yard line. Kromer scored the touchdown on fourth down from the two-yard line. Michigan's second touchdown was also set up by an interception, with Norm Purucker intercepting a Pingel pass. Kromer again scored on a two-yard run.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1938 Michigan Wolverines football team represented the University of Michigan in the 1938 Big Ten Conference football season. After the firing of Harry Kipke in December 1937, Fritz Crisler took over as Michigan's head coach in February 1938. In the first year of the Crisler era, the Wolverines compiled a 6–1–1 record and outscored opponents 131 to 40, allowing an average of only five points per game. The team's only setbacks were a 7-6 loss to Minnesota and a scoreless tie with Northwestern. The Wolverines finished the season ranked No. 16 in the final AP Poll. In the post-season rankings compiled by Frank Dickinson, the University of Illinois professor who developed the Dickinson System, Michigan ranked sixth in the country.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team
Michigan's senior guard Ralph Heikkinen was a unanimous All-American in 1938. He also won Michigan's Most Valuable Player award and finished second to Howard Weiss in close voting for both the Chicago Tribune Silver Football trophy as the most valuable player in the Big Ten Conference.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team
Three Wolverines, Ralph Heikkinen, halfback Tom Harmon and quarterback Forest Evashevski, were selected as first-team players on the 1938 All-Big Ten Conference football team. Senior tackle Fred Janke was the captain of the 1938 Michigan team.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Coaching change
Harry Kipke was fired as Michigan's head coach on December 9, 1937. By mid-January 1938, attention focused on Princeton head coach Fritz Crisler as a likely replacement for Kipke. On February 9, 1938, Crisler announced his resignation at Princeton in order to assume the head coaching position at Michigan. Crisler had played at the end position for Amos Alonzo Stagg at the University of Chicago and had thereafter served for eight years as an assistant coach under Stagg and later as a head coach at the University of Minnesota (1930–1931) and Princeton (1932–1937).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Coaching change
After his hiring, Crisler began filling out his coaching staff as follows:


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Pre-season
Prior to the hiring of Crisler, Michigan had compiled a 10-22 record in the four years from 1934 to 1937 and had lost four consecutive games to each of its principal rivals, Michigan State, Minnesota and Ohio State. Crisler's arrival led to optimism that Michigan's "era of humiliation" was at an end. At the end of the 1937 season, left tackle Fred Janke from Jackson, Michigan, was chosen by his teammates to serve as captain of the 1938 Michigan football team.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Pre-season
On March 21, 1938, Crisler and his new coaching staff were formally introduced to Michigan's student body at a rally that drew a crowd of 4,500 persons. Crisler told the students he had no "promises or predictions" but pledged that he would make "unqualified demands of 100 percent physical and moral courage" on his team. Later that month, with enthusiasm surrounding the hiring of Crisler, a record 115 candidates registered for Michigan's spring practice.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Pre-season
As fall practice got underway, the media focused on the team's sophomore backfield, including halfbacks Tom Harmon and Paul Kromer and quarterback Forest Evashevski, each of whom had matriculated during Harry Kipke's tenure as head coach. A writer for the Chicago Tribune commented on their "ardor" and "eagerness to assimilate instruction". Crisler rated his team's weaknesses as "[1] lack of team speed; [2] lack of offensive poise; and [3] inexperience in the backfield."


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Pre-season
On the eve of the season opener against Michigan State, a capacity crowd was expected, and enthusiasm was running high in Ann Arbor, leading Arch Ward of the Chicago Tribune to quip: "Hitler can have Sudetenland for all they care over here [in Ann Arbor], as long as Crisler gets Michigan. Before night comes down on Ann Arbor tomorrow the world will know whether Michigan or Michigan State will rule this valuable strip of football terrain for the next twelve months."


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 1: Michigan State
On October 1, 1938, the Crisler era at Michigan opened with a 14 to 0 victory over Charlie Bachman's Michigan State team. The game, the 33rd between the two programs, was played at Michigan Stadium before 82,500 spectators.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 1: Michigan State
Sophomore halfback Paul Kromer, appearing in his first game for the Wolverines, scored both touchdowns. Michigan's first points were scored after Fred Trosko intercepted a John Pingel pass at the end of the first quarter, giving Michigan possession at the Spartans' 47-yard line. Kromer scored the touchdown on fourth down from the two-yard line. Michigan's second touchdown was also set up by an interception, with Norm Purucker intercepting a Pingel pass. Kromer again scored on a two-yard run. Michigan's first point after touchdown (PAT) was kicked by left end Vincent Valek. The second PAT kick was blocked, but Kromer picked up the ball and ran around the right end for the point.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 1: Michigan State
Michigan's starting lineup against Michigan State was Valek (left end), Fred Janke (left tackle), John Brennan (left guard), Archie Kodros (center), Ralph Heikkinen (right guard), William Smith (right tackle), John Nicholson (right end), Forest Evashevski (quarterback), Purucker (left halfback), Trosko (right halfback), and Edward Phillips (fullback).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 2: Chicago
On October 8, 1938, Michigan defeated Chicago by a 45 to 7 score. The game was the 25th match in the Chicago–Michigan football rivalry. What had once become a fierce rivalry had become a one-sided affair after the departure of Chicago coach Amos Alonzo Stagg. Michigan's point total was its highest since a 55-3 victory over Michigan State during the Fielding H. Yost era in 1926.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 2: Chicago
Michigan scored seven touchdowns in the game, each by a different player. Touchdowns were scored by left halfback Norm Purucker (44-yard run  in the first quarter), substitute halfback Paul Kromer (25-yard run), substitute end Ed Czak (25-yard touchdown pass from Dave Strong), right halfback Tom Harmon (59-yard run in the third quarter), substitute halfback Fred Trosko (five-yard run in fourth quarter), substitute fullback Howard Mehaffey (31-yard run in fourth quarter), and substitute halfback Dave Strong (14-yard run late in the game). Michigan converted only three of seven PAT attempts with points scored by Danny Smick, John Brennan and Jack Meyer. Michigan totaled 476 rushing yards and 32 passing yards to Chicago's 133 rushing yards and 118 passing yards. Chicago's only score came on a short pass from Lewis Hamity to John Davenport.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 2: Chicago
Michigan's starting lineup against Michigan State was Dan Smick (left end), Don Siegel (left tackle), John Brennan (left guard), Archie Kodros (center), Ralph Heikkinen (right guard), Roland Savilla (right tackle), John Nicholson (right end), Jack Meyer (quarterback), Purucker (left halfback), Tom Harmon (right halfback), and Edward Phillips (fullback).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 3: at Minnesota
On October 15, 1938, Michigan lost its first game of the Crisler era, falling by a 7 to 6 score to Minnesota. The game was the 29th between the programs, with Minnesota having won the previous four games under head coach Bernie Bierman.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 3: at Minnesota
Neither team scored in the first three quarters. Then, in the fourth quarter, Michigan drove 90 yards with Paul Kromer scoring on a short run for touchdown. Right end Danny Smick missed the kick for PAT, and Michigan led, 6 to 0. Later in the quarter, Tom Harmon fumbled at midfield, and the Golden Gophers recovered the loose ball. After Harmon's fumble, Minnesota halfback Harold Van Every threw a long pass to Bill Johnson who was downed at Michigan's 14-yard line. Minnesota's drive was capped by a 10-yard touchdown pass from Van Every to halfback Wilbur Moore. Quarterback George Faust kicked the PAT to give Minnesota a one point margin of victory. Michigan gained 157 rushing yards and 97 passing yards to outperform Minnesota's 91 rushing yards and 41 passing yards.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 3: at Minnesota
Michigan's starting lineup against Minnesota was Vincent Valek (left end), Fred Janke (left tackle), John Brennan (left guard), Archie Kodros (center), Ralph Heikkinen (right guard), Roland Savilla (right tackle), John Nicholson (right end), Forest Evashevski (quarterback), Norm Purucker (left halfback), Tom Harmon (right halfback), and Edward Phillips (fullback).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 4: Yale
On October 22, 1938, Michigan defeated Yale by a 15 to 13 score. The game was the first between the two universities in 55 years. The Yale Bulldogs, winners of 27 national championships in the first century of intercollegiate football, had won the last game – in 1883 – by a 64 to 0 score.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 4: Yale
Yale scored two touchdowns in the first half and led 13 to 2 at halftime. In the first quarter, Michigan scored after John Nicholson recovered a Yale fumble on the Bulldogs' 28-yard line. On the next play, Tom Harmon gained 20 yards "on a beautiful, snaky run that was the first sign of an offense the Wolverine had shown." Yale's defense held, and the Bulldogs took over on the one-yard line. Michigan then held, and Yale punted from its end zone. Don Siegel blocked the punt and recovered the ball for a safety.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 4: Yale
In the third quarter, Michigan narrowed Yale's lead on a 63-yard touchdown drive that included a 52-yard gain on a pass from Harmon to Norm Purucker. Purucker then scored on a two-yard run to narrow Yale's lead to 13 to 8.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 4: Yale
In the fourth quarter, Michigan faced fourth down on its own 20-yard line with 19 yards needed for a first down from its own 20-yard line. Norm Purucker punted from deep in Michigan territory, and Yale's Gil Humphrey returned the ball to Michigan's 37-yard line. At that point, sports writer Allison Danzig of The New York Times wrote that Michigan "looked to have met its master." However, Yale was penalized for running into the kicker, resulting in Michigan receiving the ball with a first down at the 25-yard line.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 4: Yale
From that point, Tom Harmon led the Wolverines on a 75-yard touchdown drive that included three passes from Harmon covering 52 yards. The game-winner was a short pass from Harmon to John Nicholson in the end zone. John Brennan kicked the PAT. The United Press described the game-winning drive as follows:


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 4: Yale
"Michigan seemed to be fighting for a hopeless cause and the hand crawled around the clock toward the end of the game. In that moment of despair for all those who cheer for Michigan, Harmon came out of nowhere to dominate the field. When the Yale line braced on its own goal, Harmon gambled by waiting patiently with the ball in his hand until John Nicholson could get free to catch the pass that meant defeat for Yale."


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 4: Yale
After Michigan scored, five minutes remained in the game, but Yale's final drive ended when Forest Evashevski intercepted a Yale pass. Michigan gained 129 rushing yards and 169 passing yards in the game. Yale totaled 69 rushing yards and 145 passing yards.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 4: Yale
Michigan's starting lineup against Yale was Nicholson (left end), Fred Janke (left tackle), John Brennan (left guard), Archie Kodros (center), Ralph Heikkinen (right guard), Siegel (right tackle), Vincent Valek (right end), Forest Evashevski (quarterback), Purucker (left halfback), Harmon (right halfback), and Edward Phillips (fullback).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 5: Illinois
On October 29, 1938, Michigan defeated Illinois by a 14 to 0 score. The game was the 24th meeting between the two programs.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 5: Illinois
In the first quarter, Tom Harmon ran for the Wolverines' first touchdown, "twisting and pushing his way the last few yards." In the third quarter, end Danny Smick blocked an Illinois punt and recovered the ball at the Illinois 29-yard line. After short gains, Harmon "rifled" a pass to Forest Evashevski for Michigan's second touchdown. John Brennan kicked both PATs for Michigan.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 5: Illinois
Michigan's starting lineup against Illinois was Vincent Valek (left end), Fred Janke (left tackle), John Brennan (left guard), Archie Kodros (center), Ralph Heikkinen (right guard), Siegel (right tackle), John Nicholson (right end), Forest Evashevski (quarterback), Purucker (left halfback), Harmon (right halfback), and Edward Phillips (fullback).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 6: Penn
On November 5, 1938, Michigan defeated Penn by a 19 to 13 score. The game was the 15th meeting between the two programs with Penn leading the series by eight games to six with two ties.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 6: Penn
Michigan's first touchdown was scored by guard Milo Sukup after Don Siegel blocked Frank Reagan's punt and the ball bounced back into the end zone. Paul Kromer scored Michigan's remaining touchdowns, one on a 50-yard punt return and the other on a 13-yard touchdown pass from Fred Trosko. Michigan led 19 to 0 at the start of the fourth quarter. Playing against Michigan's substitutes, Penn scored two touchdowns in the final seven minutes, including a 62-yard touchdown run by Penn quarterback Johnny Dutcher. Jack Meyer kicked one PAT for Michigan.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 6: Penn
Michigan's starting lineup against Penn was Dan Smick (left end), Fred Janke (left tackle), John Brennan (left guard), Tinker (center), Ralph Heikkinen (right guard), Siegel (right tackle), Ed Frutig (right end), Forest Evashevski (quarterback), Paul Kromer (left halfback), Tom Harmon (right halfback), and Mehaffey (fullback).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 7: Northwestern
On November 12, 1938, Michigan played Northwestern to a scoreless tie. The game was the 14th between the two programs, with the previous three games resulting in Northwestern victories.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 7: Northwestern
Both teams threatened in the second half, but neither was able to score. In the third quarter, Northwestern's Bernie Jefferson had a 51-yard run to Michigan's 11-yard line. Northwestern advanced to the one-yard line with a first-and-goal opportunity. After three unsuccessful running plays, Northwestern passed on fourth down, and the ball was intercepted in the end zone by Norm Purucker of Michigan. In the fourth quarter, Michigan advanced the ball to the Northwestern six-yard line, but a field goal attempt by Fred Trosko was unsuccessful. With one minute remaining, Purucker faked a punt and ran 44 yards to Northwestern's 25-yard line, but Michigan was unable to score. Northwestern outgained Michigan in the game with 176 rushing yards and 69 passing yards to 135 rushing yards and 92 passing yards for Michigan.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 7: Northwestern
Michigan's starting lineup against Northwestern was John Nicholson (left end), Don Siegel (left tackle), John Brennan (left guard), Archie Kodros (center), Ralph Heikkinen (right guard), William Smith (right tackle), Dan Smick (right end), Forest Evashevski (quarterback), Paul Kromer (left halfback), Tom Harmon (right halfback), and R. Wallace Hook (fullback).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 8: at Ohio State
On November 19, 1938, in the final game of the 1938 season, Michigan defeated Ohio State 18 to 0 in Columbus. The game was the 35th installment in the Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry. Ohio State had won four consecutive shutouts over Michigan from 1934 to 1937.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 8: at Ohio State
In the second quarter, Michigan fullback Wallace Hook fell on an Ohio State fumble at the Buckeyes' 16-yard line. Tom Harmon ran for a touchdown from the one-yard line, tallying Michigan's first points against Ohio State since 1933. In the fourth quarter, Harmon intercepted an Ohio State pass and then threw a 15-yard pass to Ed Frutig for Michigan's second touchdown. Michigan's final score was set up by an interception by substitute quarterback Louis Levine; Fred Trosko then ran 38 yards around the left end for a touchdown. Michigan's attempts at point after touchdown (one each by Harmon, Norm Purucker, and John Brennan) were all unsuccessful. After the game, a brawl erupted on the field as Michigan fans attempted to tear down the goalposts at Ohio Stadium.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 8: at Ohio State
The game's outcome was the most one-sided loss for Ohio State in five years under head coach, Francis Schmidt. The United Press opined that Michigan's victory over the Buckeyes was the "climax of the Wolverines' return as a major gridiron power."


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Week 8: at Ohio State
Michigan's starting lineup against Ohio State was Danny Smick (left end), Fred Janke (left tackle), Ralph Heikkinen (left guard), Archie Kodros (center), John Brennan (right guard), Don Siegel (right tackle), John Nicholson (right end), Jack Meyer (quarterback), Paul Kromer (left halfback), Tom Harmon (right halfback), and Edward Philips (fullback).


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Post-season
The 1938 Michigan team finished with a 6–1–1 (3–1–1 Big Ten) record, having outscored its opponents 131 to 40, with four shutouts in eight games, and having allowed an average of only five points per game. In the post-season rankings by Frank Dickinson, the University of Illinois professor who developed the Dickinson System for determining college football's national championship, Notre Dame was ranked as the country's top team with 27.72 points, while Michigan was ranked sixth with 23.02 points, three-tenths of a point ahead of Minnesota. In the final AP Poll, TCU was ranked as the top team, and Michigan was ranked 16th.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Post-season
On December 11, 1938, Crisler was honored at a banquet hosted by Michigan's New York alumni for having brought the Wolverines "out of the football depression."


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Post-season
With respect to individual honors, guard Ralph Heikkinen was Michigan's most decorated player in 1938. Heikkinen was a unanimous All-American, receiving first-team honors from the All-America Board, the Associated Press, the Central Press Association, Collier's Weekly, the International News Service, Liberty magazine, the Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newsweek, the New York Sun, the Sporting News, the United Press, and the Walter Camp Football Foundation. Heikkinen was also named Michigan's Most Valuable Player, becoming the first player in Michigan history to receive the honor in consecutive years. Heikkinen also placed second behind Wisconsin fullback Howard Weiss in close voting for the Chicago Tribune Silver Football trophy, honoring the most valuable player in the Big Ten Conference.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Post-season
Three Wolverines were selected as first-team players on the 1938 All-Big Ten Conference football team. Ralph Heikkinen and Tom Harmon were named first-team players by both the Associated Press and United Press, while Forest Evashevski received first-team honors from the Associated Press. Harmon and Evashevski were the first sophomores to be so honored since 1934.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Post-season
Junior center Archie Kodros was selected by his 1938 teammates to serve as the captain of the 1939 Michigan team.


1938 Michigan Wolverines football team, Players, Professional players
Six players from the 1938 Michigan team went on to play in the National Football League or Major League Baseball:


1938 Michigan gubernatorial election
The 1938 Michigan gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1938. Republican nominee Frank Fitzgerald defeated incumbent Democratic Frank Murphy with 52.78% of the vote.


1938 Milan–San Remo
The 1938 Milan–San Remo was the 31st edition of the Milan–San Remo cycle race and was held on 19 March 1938. The race started in Milan and finished in San Remo. The race was won by Giuseppe Olmo of the Bianchi team.


1938 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
The 1938 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represented the University of Minnesota in the 1938 Big Ten Conference football season. In their seventh year under head coach Bernie Bierman, the Golden Gophers compiled a 6–2 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 97 to 38.


1938 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
Guard Frank Twedell was named an All-American by the Associated Press and United Press. Twedell and quarterback Wilbur Moore were named All-Big Ten first team.


1938 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
Total attendance for the season was 237,000, which averaged to 47,400. The season high for attendance was against Michigan.


1938 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team, Game summaries, Michigan
On October 15, 1938, Minnesota defeated Michigan by a 7 to 6 score. The game was the 29th between the programs, with Minnesota having won the previous four games under head coach Bernie Bierman.


1938 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team, Game summaries, Michigan
Neither team scored in the first three quarters. Then, in the fourth quarter, Michigan drove 90 yards with Paul Kromer scoring on a short run for touchdown. Right end Danny Smick missed the kick for PAT, and Michigan led, 6 to 0. Later in the quarter, Tom Harmon fumbled at midfield, and the Golden Gophers recovered the loose ball. After Harmon's fumble, Minnesota halfback Harold Van Every threw a long pass to Bill Johnson who was downed at Michigan's 14-yard line. Minnesota's drive was capped by a 10-yard touchdown pass from Van Every to halfback Wilbur Moore. Quarterback George Faust kicked the PAT to give Minnesota a one-point margin of victory. Michigan gained 157 rushing yards and 97 passing yards to outperform Minnesota's 91 rushing yards and 41 passing yards.


1938 Minnesota gubernatorial election
The 1938 Minnesota gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1938. Republican Party of Minnesota candidate Harold Stassen defeated Farmer–Labor Party incumbent Elmer Benson.


1938 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1938 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1938. Republican Party of Minnesota candidate C. Elmer Anderson defeated Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party challenger John J. Kinzer and Minnesota Democratic Party candidate Ray M. Lang.


1938 Mississippi State Maroons football team
The 1938 Mississippi State Maroons football team represented Mississippi State College during the 1938 college football season. Spike Nelson took over as head coach after the sudden resignation of Ralph Sasse. Nelson instituted new cardinal and gold uniforms, rather than the traditional maroon and white, upsetting fans and alumni. Nelson also proved unpopular with players and was not retained after the season.


1938 Mississippi State Teachers Yellow Jackets football team
The 1938 Mississippi State Teachers Yellow Jackets football team was an American football team that represented the Mississippi State Teachers College (now known as the University of Southern Mississippi) as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association during the 1938 college football season. In their second year under head coach Reed Green, the team compiled a 7–2 record.


1938 Missouri Tigers football team
The 1938 Missouri Tigers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Missouri in the Big Six Conference (Big 6) during the 1938 college football season. The team compiled a 6–3 record (2–3 against Big 6 opponents), finished in a tie for third place in the Big 6, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 111 to 82. Don Faurot was the head coach for the fourth of 19 seasons. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Columbia, Missouri.


1938 Missouri Tigers football team
The team's leading scorer was Paul Christman with 48 points.


1938 Mitropa Cup
The 1938 season of the Mitropa Cup football club tournament was won by SK Slavia Prague who defeated the previous season's champions Ferencváros 4–2 on aggregate in the final. It was Slavia Prague's first and only victory in the competition.


1938 Montana Grizzlies football team
The 1938 Montana Grizzlies football team represented the University of Montana in the 1938 college football season as a member of the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC). Led by fourth-year head coach Doug Fessenden, they played their home games on campus in Missoula at Dornblaser Field. The Grizzlies finished the season with an overall record of 5–3–1, and were 0–1 in PCC play.


1938 Montana Grizzlies football team
Late October marked the 25th game with conference rival Idaho and the first for the Little Brown Stein trophy. With the 19–6 win in Missoula on homecoming, Idaho extended its series advantage over the Grizzlies to 19–5–1 (.780).


1938 Montana State Bobcats football team
The 1938 Montana State Bobcats football team was an American football team that represented Montana State College (later renamed Montana State University) in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1938 college football season. In its ninth, non-consecutive season under head coach Schubert R. Dyche, the team compiled a 3–5–1 record (1–0–1 against RMC opponents) and won the conference championship.


1938 Montana State Bobcats football team
Three Montana State players were selected as first-team players on the 1938 All-Rocky Mountain Conference football team: fullback Don Cosner and guards Max Kimberly and John Vollmer. End Dana Bradford was named to the second team.


1938 Muncy Raft crash
The 1938 Muncy Raft crash, also referred to as The Last Raft tragedy, was a rafting accident that occurred on March 20, 1938, in Muncy Township, Pennsylvania. It killed seven of the 45 people on board; the remaining 38 were rescued.


1938 Muncy Raft crash, Background
The trip was a historical reenactment of log rafting in the Northeastern United States, particularly northeastern and central Pennsylvania where the logging boom was strongest. Multiple local men decided to hold a memorial rafting trip from Clearfield County to Harrisburg. The men who had done the trip twice before in years past to honor the logging industry in the area agreed that the 1935 trip would be their last; however, some of the group decided to do it one last time in 1938. This is why it is also known as "The Last Raft Tragedy".


1938 Muncy Raft crash, Background
The raft was launched on March 14 at McGee's Mill in western Clearfield County. The 200-mile (320 km) trip was expected to take a week and a half to complete. In the beginning there were six experienced rafters on board. They tied off multiple times for food, rest and to meet the crowd which began forming along the riverside. The 112-by-25-foot (34.1 m × 7.6 m) raft picked up dozens of people at Lock Haven and Williamsport.


1938 Muncy Raft crash, Accident
About six days into its trip, on March 20, the raft entered Muncy Township with 45 people on board. Being over 100 feet (30 m) long, the raft was very hard to maneuver. It was approaching the Reading Railroad Bridge when people who were standing on the bridge began shouting at the rafters to try to avoid the pier. The raft struck one of the pillars, and all but two of the 45 people on board were thrown into the river.


1938 Muncy Raft crash, Accident
Hundreds of people were on the bridge watching the raft when it struck, and many jumped into the 40 °F (4 °C) water to try to save the rafters. Many of the deaths were due to drowning, as most on board couldn't swim very well. Two of the seven bodies were never found.


1938 NAIA Men's Basketball Tournament
The 1938 NAIA Men's Basketball Tournament was held in March at Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri. The 2nd annual NAIA basketball tournament featured 32 teams playing in a single-elimination format. This was the first tournament to expand to 32 teams. The tournament featured the only forfeit in tournament history when Western Kentucky University forfeited to Simpson College (Iowa) due to not showing up. The first-round game between Delta State University (Miss.) and Drury College (Mo.) gave the first overtime in tournament history. Delta State beat Drury College 52 to 51 in one overtime.


1938 NAIA Men's Basketball Tournament
The championship game featured Central Missouri State University defending their first national championship over Roanoke College (Va.), making them the first team to win back-to-back titles. It would be the last year without a Chuck Taylor Most Valuable Player Award.


1938 NAIA Men's Basketball Tournament, Awards and honors
Many of the records set by the 1938 tournament have been broken, and many of the awards were established much later:


1938 NAIA Men's Basketball Tournament, 1938 NAIA bracket, 3rd place game
The third place game featured the losing team from the national semifinalist to determine 3rd and 4th places in the tournament. This game was played until 1988.


1938 NC State Wolfpack football team
The 1938 NC State Wolfpack football team was an American football team that represented North Carolina State University as a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon) during the 1938 college football season. In its second season under head coach Williams Newton, the team compiled a 3–7–1 record (3–3–1 against SoCon opponents) and was outscored by a total of 100 to 59.


1938 NCAA Cross Country Championships
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Paul2520 (talk | contribs) at 18:37, 17 November 2019 (Adding short description: "1938 cross-country running meet of the NCAA" (Shortdesc helper)). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1938 NCAA Cross Country Championships
The 1938 NCAA Cross Country Championship was the first annual cross country meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate cross country running in the United States. Prior to 1938, the national championship for collegiate cross country was organized, first, by the Inter-Collegiate Cross Country Association (1899 to 1907) and, second, the Inter-Collegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America (1907 to 1939).


1938 NCAA Cross Country Championships
Since the current multi-division format for NCAA championship did not begin until 1973, all NCAA members were eligible. In total, 12 teams and 50 individual runners contested this championship.


1938 NCAA Cross Country Championships
The meet was hosted by Michigan State College at the Forest Akers East Golf Course in East Lansing, Michigan. Additionally, the distance for the race was 4 miles (6.4 kilometers).


1938 NCAA Cross Country Championships
The inaugural team national championship was won by the Indiana Hoosiers while the individual championship was won by Greg Rice, from Notre Dame, with a time of 20:12.9. This time would remain the NCAA championship record until 1948.


1938 NCAA Gymnastics Championships
The 1938 NCAA Gymnastics Championships were contested at the first annual NCAA-sanctioned tournament to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate gymnastics in the United States.


1938 NCAA Gymnastics Championships
This year's event was hosted by the University of Chicago at the Henry Crown Field House in Chicago, Illinois.


1938 NCAA Gymnastics Championships
Hosts Chicago topped the team standings and claimed the inaugural team title.


1938 NCAA Gymnastics Championships
The individual all-around championship went to Joe Giallombardo from Illinois.


1938 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans
The consensus 1938 College Basketball All-American team, as determined by aggregating the results of four major All-American teams. To earn "consensus" status, a player must win honors from a majority of the following teams: the Helms Athletic Foundation, Converse, the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), and Madison Square Garden.


1938 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships
The 1938 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships were contested at the College Avenue Gym at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey at the 15th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.


1938 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships
Michigan repeated as national champions, edging rivals  Ohio State by one point (46–45) in the team standings. It was the Wolverines' second official national title.


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships
The 1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships was the 17th NCAA track and field championship. The event was held at the University of Minnesota's Memorial Stadium in June 1938. The University of Southern California won its fourth consecutive team title, and new NCAA records were established in the 120-yard high hurdles, one-mile run, two-mile run and high jump.


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Track events
100-yard dash  1. Mozel Ellerbee, Tuskegee - 9.7 seconds2. Adrian Talley, USC3. Ben Johnson, Columbia 5. William Clifford, Notre Dame


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Track events
120-yard high hurdles1. Fred Wolcott, Rice - 14.1 seconds2. Dick Kearns, Colorado3. Elmer Gedeon, Michigan


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Track events
220-yard dash 1. Mack Robinson, Oregon - 21.3 seconds2. Ray Malott, Stanford3. Jack Emigh, Montana


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Track events
220-yard low hurdles 1. Fred Wolcott, Rice - 23.3 seconds2. Earl Vickery, USC3. Harvey Woodstra, Michigan State


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Track events
440-yard dash 1. Ray Malott, Stanford - 46.8 seconds2. E. Miller, USC3. H. Bachman, USC


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Track events
880-yard run 1. John Woodruff, Pitt2. John Francis, Notre Dame3. John Marion, Prairieview Teachers


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Track events
One-mile run 1. Louis Zamperini, USC - 4:08.3 (NCAA record)2. Charles Fenske, Wisconsin


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Track events
Two-mile run 1. Walter Mehl, Wisconsin - 9:11.1 (NCAA record)2. Gregg Rice, Notre Dame3. Richard Frey, Michigan State


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Field events
Broad jump 1. Bill Lacefield, UCLA - 25 feet, 1⅛ inches2. William Watson, Michigan - 24 feet, 11½ inches3. Charles Walker, Ohio State - 24 feet, 9½ inches


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Field events
High jump 1. David Albritton, Ohio State - 6 feet, 8¾ inches (NCAA record)1. Gil Cruter, Colorado - 6 feet, 8¾ inches (NCAA record) 3. Ed Burke, Marquette3. Wesley Alten, Michigan3. Delos Thurber, USC3. Lloyd Thompson, Xavier


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Field events
Pole vault 1. Loring Day, USC - 14 feet, 2 inches2. Irving Howe, USC2. Milt Padway, Wisconsin2. George Varofr, Oregon


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Field events
Discus throw 1. Pete Zagar, Stanford - 162 feet, 3¼ inches2. Hugh Gribben, Stanford - 155 feet, 2½ inches3. Bill Faymonville, Notre Dame - 155 feet, 1 inch


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Field events
Javelin 1. Nick Vukmanle, Penn State - 215 feet, 8¼ inches2. Larry Bell, Miami (Ohio) - 208 feet, 7¾ inches3. Gillam Graham, Texas - 205 feet, 4¼ inches


1938 NCAA Track and Field Championships, Field events
Shot put 1. Elmer Hackney, Kansas State - 51 feet, 8½ inches2. Francis Ryan, Columbia - 51 feet, 5¼ inches3. William Watson, Michigan - 51 feet, 3⅜ inches


1938 NCAA Wrestling Championships
The 1938 NCAA Wrestling Championships were the 11th NCAA Wrestling Championships to be held. Penn State University in State College, Pennsylvania hosted the tournament at Rec Hall.


1938 NCAA Wrestling Championships
Oklahoma A&M took home the team championship with 19 points and having three individual champions.


1938 NCAA Wrestling Championships
Joe McDaniel of Oklahoma A&M was named the Outstanding Wrestler.


1938 NCAA baseball season
The 1938 NCAA baseball season, play of college baseball in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) began in the spring of 1938. Play largely consisted of regional matchups, some organized by conferences, and ended in June. No national championship event was held until 1947.


1938 NCAA baseball season, Conference winners
This is a partial list of conference champions from the 1938 season.


1938 NCAA football rankings
One human poll comprised the 1938 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football rankings. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, does not bestow a national championship, instead that title is bestowed by one or more different polling agencies. There are two main weekly polls that begin in the preseason—the AP Poll and the Coaches' Poll. The Coaches' Poll began operation in 1950; in addition, the AP Poll did not begin conducting preseason polls until that same year.


1938 NCAA football rankings, AP Poll
The final AP Poll was released on December 5, at the end of the 1938 regular season, weeks before the major bowls. The AP would not release a post-bowl season final poll regularly until 1968.


1938 NFL Championship Game
The 1938 National Football League Championship Game was the sixth championship game played in the National Football League (NFL). It was played on December 11 at the Polo Grounds in New York City, with an attendance of 48,120, a record crowd for a title game.


1938 NFL Championship Game
The game matched the New York Giants (8–2–1), champions of the Eastern Division, against the Western Division champion Green Bay Packers (8–3–0). The Giants had won the regular season game with Green Bay 15–3 at the Polo Grounds three weeks earlier on November 20, but Green Bay was without hall of fame end Don Hutson; there was no clear favorite for the title game.


1938 NFL Championship Game
This was the Giants' fourth championship game appearance, their previous victory was in the famous "Sneakers game" of 1934 and they were runners-up in 1933 and 1935. It was the Packers' second trip, winning in 1936. New York also won the 1927 NFL title when the championship was awarded to the team with the best season record. Green Bay had similarly won three straight league titles in 1929, 1930, and 1931.


1938 NFL Championship Game
After trailing two points at halftime, Green Bay took the lead in the third quarter with a short field goal, but New York responded with a touchdown and held on through a scoreless fourth quarter to win, 23–17.


1938 NFL Championship Game
With the victory, the Giants became the first team to win two championship games since the league split into two divisions in 1933. The two teams met again in the title game the following year in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, with different results.


1938 NFL Championship Game
The Giants' next title was in 1956, won at Yankee Stadium.


1938 NFL Championship Game, Officials
The NFL had only four game officials in 1938; the back judge was added in 1947, the line judge in 1965, and the side judge in 1978.


1938 NFL Championship Game, Players' shares
The victory earned each winning Giant player $504 and each Packer $368.


1938 NFL Draft
The 1938 National Football League Draft was held on December 12, 1937, at the Sherman House Hotel in Chicago, Illinois. The draft consisted of 12 rounds and 110 player selections. It began with the Cleveland Rams, taking Corbett Davis.


1938 NFL season
The 1938 NFL season was the 19th regular season of the National Football League. The season ended when the New York Giants defeated the Green Bay Packers in the NFL Championship Game.


1938 NFL season, Draft
The 1938 NFL Draft was held on December 12, 1937 at Chicago's Hotel Sherman. With the first pick, the Cleveland Rams selected fullback Corbett Davis from Indiana University Bloomington.


1938 NFL season, Division races
In Week Seven, the Bears lost at home to the Rams, 23–21, while the Packers beat the Pirates (the future Steelers) 20–0, giving Green Bay the lead for the first time. The Packers won their next three games to clinch the Western Division.


1938 NFL season, Division races
In the Eastern Division, the Redskins led until Week Ten, when they fell to the Bears, 31–7; the Giants' 28–0 win over the Rams gave New York the division lead on November 13. The division title still came down to the last day of the regular season, December 4, when 57,461 turned out at the Polo Grounds in New York to watch the 7–2–1 Giants host the 6–2–2 Redskins. A Washington win would have made them 7–2–2 and New York 7–3–1, with the Skins as division champs. New York needed only to win or tie, and did the former, five touchdowns en route to a 36–0 victory.


1938 NFL season, Division races
Four neutral-site games were held: two at Civic Stadium in Buffalo, New York, one in Erie, Pennsylvania, and one in Charleston, West Virginia. The Buffalo games marked the league's first return to Buffalo since the folding of the Bisons in 1929.


1938 NFL season, Final standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1938 NFL season, NFL Championship Game
The New York Giants defeated the Green Bay Packers by a score of 23–17 at the Polo Grounds in New York City on December 11, 1938, to become the champion.


1938 NFL season, All-Star game
After being crowned champion the Giants faced a team of "Pro All-Stars", an all-star team consisting mostly of NFL players but also including three players from the Los Angeles Bulldogs, in an exhibition game at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles on January 15, 1939. The game, which the Giants won 13–10, was the first of five annual NFL all-star games held under the format (but the only one to include non-NFL players) prior to the creation of the Pro Bowl in 1951.


1938 NSWRFL season
The 1938 New South Wales Rugby Football League premiership was the thirty-first season of Sydney’s top-grade rugby league club competition, Australia’s first. The withdrawal of the University club at the end of the previous season saw eight teams from across the city contest the premiership, which lasted from April until September and culminated in Canterbury-Bankstown's victory over Eastern Suburbs in the final.


1938 NSWRFL season, Teams
With the exit of University after the previous season, 1938 saw the NSWRFL involve eight clubs for the first time since 1934.


1938 NSWRFL season, Teams
31st seasonGround: Henson ParkCoach: Charles 'Boxer' Russell Captain: Allan Ellis,  Tom Nevin


1938 NSWRFL season, Teams
31st seasonGround: North Sydney Oval Coach: Bob Williams Captain: Roy Thompson


1938 NSWRFL season, Teams
31st seasonGround: Sydney Cricket Ground Coach: Charlie Lynch Captain: Fred Felsch


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals
In the two semi finals, the top ranked team Canterbury beat their lower-ranked opponent Balmain with the fourth ranked team Eastern Suburbs defeating their higher-ranked opponent South Sydney. The two winners then played in the Final.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, 2nd Semi Final
The qualifier between South Sydney and Eastern Suburbs was reported in the Sydney Morning Herald on 29 August 1938:


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, 2nd Semi Final
The match which was hard, but not spectacular, was watched by 14,161 people. The form of Eastern Suburbs was not worthy of a team which has fought its way to the finals, and a considerable improvement will have to be shown if Eastern Suburbs is to have a reasonable chance of beating Canterbury-Bankstown  .


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, 2nd Semi Final
The two Sydney teams would not meet in another finals match until season 2014.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
In only the fourth year after admission to the Sydney first grade competition Canterbury fielded a side which dominated the regular season and set themselves up for their first title assault against Eastern Suburbs, themselves looking to win a fourth successive premiership. A crowd of 20,287 was on hand at the Sydney Cricket Ground with the game officiated by Tom McMahon (the younger of the two pre-war referees of that name).


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
The first half was a dour struggle for supremacy. Canterbury-Bankstown appeared to have the upper hand but Easts’ Cairns scored first and it took two penalty goals by Canterbury’s fullback Tommy Kirk to give the Berries a four points to three lead at half-time.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
The Roosters scored another try early in the second half when Dick Dunn dived over after the Easts backline had created an overlap. Again the conversion was missed.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
Canterbury-Bankstown came back at Easts with great determination and nearly scored on several occasions. Eventually Berries’ reserve grader Jim Duncombe, who was in the team because of the illness of Aub Mitchell, was the first man to cross for the blue and whites. A scrum had gone down near Easts’ line, Canterbury’s Roy McCarter worked a blind side move and Duncombe went through an opening to score. Kirk kicked the goal, and Canterbury-Bankstown led by nine points to six.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
The scores were close until about twenty minutes before the end, and then Canterbury made a final and determined rally. Easts' try line was attacked continuously. Joe Gartner, the Canterbury-Bankstown winger, went over for two excellent tries, beating the defence with side-stepping runs. Both were converted, the second by McCarter, the first by Kirk a fine effort from the sideline. Gartner's two tries put the issue beyond doubt, giving Canterbury a lead of 19 to 6.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
Canterbury’s excellent teamwork was the greatest factor in its success and the determined work of its forwards. They were opposed to an almost all-international Roosters pack with the experience of Ray Stehr and dangerous trygetters in Norval, Pearce, and Pierce. Canterbury's State hooker Roy Kirkaldy secured a good share of ball and with his front-row partners in Henry Porter and Eddie Burns continually stopped the Roosters attack, tackling themselves to a standstill. Nine seasons later in the 1947 Grand Final this Canterbury front three would still be dominating their opposition.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
The other Canterbury forwards in Sponberg, McCallum and McCormack also played tirelessly and deservedly chaired their captain Alan Brady from the field to enthusiastic cheers from the Canterbury fans celebrating their first premiership and to sporting congratulations from the Eastern Suburbs men.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
This was the first of five Grand Finals which the Bulldogs and Roosters have contested against each other, with subsequent Grand Finals between the two teams coming in 1940, 1974, 1980 and most recently, 2004. The Roosters would win in 1940 and 1974, but the Bulldogs would emerge victorious from their next two season-deciding encounters.


1938 NSWRFL season, Finals, Premiership Final
Canterbury-Bankstown 19 (Tries: Gartner 2, Duncombe. Goals: Kirk 4, McCarter)


1938 NYU Violets football team
The 1938 NYU Violets football team was an American football team that represented New York University as an independent during the 1938 college football season. In their fifth year under head coach Mal Stevens, the team compiled a 4–4 record.


1938 National Challenge Cup
The 1938 National Challenge Cup was the annual open cup held by the United States Football Association now known as the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup. Scheduled as follows: First Round on or before January 16, Second Round on or before January 30, Quarterfinals February 13, Semifinals East February 26, 27, West February 20, 27.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention
A National Conservative leadership convention began on July 5, 1938, culminating in a leadership ballot on July 7. The Conservative Party of Canada chose Robert James Manion to succeed former Prime Minister R. B. Bennett as party leader.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention, Background
The Bennett Conservatives were defeated in the 1935 federal election after a single term during the Great Depression. The Conservatives won only 40 seats, in part, because the party split after Trade Minister Henry Herbert Stevens left the Conservatives to form the Reconstruction Party of Canada. Stevens' party received almost 400,000 votes in the election leading to the defeat of numerous Conservative MPs. After continuing for three years as Leader of the Opposition, an ailing Bennett announced in March 1938 his intention to resign as leader and a leadership convention was called for later that year.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention, Convention
Despite his resignation a "Draft Bennett" movement emerged at the convention due to the perceived weakness of the existing candidates, aimed at convincing Bennett to change his mind. Ontario Premier Howard Ferguson and Bennett's brother-in-law, former Canadian envoy to the United States William Duncan Herridge approached former leader Arthur Meighen in hopes of eliciting his support for Bennett's continued leadership but he declined to support the move as he had already endorsed MacPherson for leader and thought a last-minute Bennett candidacy would be unfair to MacPherson and Manion.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention, Convention
Bennett was non-committal on the draft but indicated he was willing to continue as leader and attempted to persuade leadership candidates to withdraw in his favour, but Manion refused and, an hour before voting began, Bennett indicated that he would not be a candidate. Herridge introduced a motion endorsing Bennett's economic interventionist approach as opposed to the more traditional laissez-faire policies being endorsed by the convention which he denounced as "a lot of junk" but Herridge was roundly booed and his motion failed to find a seconder.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention, Convention
Herridge would go on to leave the party and found the New Democracy party that stood in the 1940 federal election. The party voted to change its name from the Liberal-Conservative Party to the National Conservative Party of Canada. Resolutions passed favouring defence “consultation and cooperation” within the British Empire, opposing amalgamating the Canadian Pacific and Canadian National railways, for the completion of the Trans-Canada Highway, for immigration focused on UK, Ireland and France with restrictions for “Orientals”, maintaining tariffs for industry and agriculture, and plans for national unemployment and retirement insurance.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention, Convention
An attempt to draft former Prime Minister Arthur Meighen was also unsuccessful and another rumoured candidate, Henry Herbert Stevens, a former cabinet minister who had broken with Bennett to found the Reconstruction Party of Canada also declined to run. Meighen gave a keynote address on defence policy calling on Canadian-British solidarity which undermined Manion's candidacy, as he was perceived to be conciliatory to Quebec, and caused an uproar among Quebec delegates some of whom threatened to quit the party.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention, Convention
Manion was the heavy favourite heading into the convention but was almost upset by MacPherson, who was largely unknown outside of Saskatchewan until he gave a speech that rallied the convention and caused him to emerge as a dark horse contender.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention, Results
Manion came close to winning on the first ballot, but was denied by an unexpectedly strong showing by MacPherson, who finished a solid second, albeit sixteen percentage points behind Manion. Lawson was eliminated after finishing bottom of the first ballot, and endorsed MacPherson in an attempt to head off Manion. MacPherson's campaign could not persuade either Harris or Massey to drop out and support him, however, and both insisted on remaining on the ballot for the next round.


1938 National Conservative leadership convention, Results
The second round saw MacPherson increase his vote by eleven percentage points, thanks to his managing to attract the support of most of Lawson's delegates, plus a good chunk of Massey's. However, Manion was able to attract enough delegates (mostly from Harris's camp) to secure victory on the second ballot.


1938 National Invitation Tournament
The 1938 National Invitation Tournament was the 1938 edition of the annual NCAA basketball competition. It was the inaugural National Invitational Tournament and was won by Temple.


1938 National Invitation Tournament, Selected teams
Below is a list of the six teams selected for the tournament.


1938 Navy Midshipmen football team
The 1938 Navy Midshipmen football team represented the United States Naval Academy during the 1938 college football season. In their second season under head coach Hank Hardwick, the Midshipmen compiled a 4–3–2 record and outscored their opponents by a combined score of 126 to 60.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team
The 1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team  was an American football team that represented the University of Nebraska in the Big Six Conference during the 1938 college football season. In its second season under head coach Biff Jones, the team compiled a 3–5–1 record (2–3 against conference opponents), tied for third place in the Big Six, and was outscored opponents by a total of 84 to 68. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Lincoln, Nebraska.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Before the season
Coach Jones returned for his second season since taking over for the popular and successful Dana X. Bible, and the transition seemed to have been completed without difficulty as he had brought another league title to Lincoln in his first season. However, a large number of starters had graduated or otherwise left after 1937, and the depth chart established for 1938 was made up mainly of underclassmen, especially sophomores, making for a young and inexperienced team.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Roster
Alfson, Warren #22 GAndreson, William #32 QBAshburn, Jack #55 EBehm, Forrest #33 TBrock, Charles #47 CBurruss, Robert #49 CCallihan, William #34 FBCather, Bud #10 HBDobson, Adna #53 GDodd, Edward #24 HBElam, Frank  EFarmer, LeRoy #11 GGoetowski, Paul #48 TGrimm, Lloyd #44 EHann, Leo #23 EHerrmann, William #29 GHitchcock, Richard #39 THopp, Harry #37 FBIverson, William #30 GKahler, Robert #35 EKahler, Royal #42 TKlum, Arlo #51 GKnickrehm, Hubert #40 TKnight, George #21 QB


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Roster
Lomax, Everett #12 GLuther, Walter #27 HBMeier, Fred #20 CMills, Robert #46 TMuskin, Leonard #43 GNeprud, Vernon #52 TNuernberger, Eldon #36 FBPetsch, Roy #13 QBPfeiff, William #50 GPhelps, Thurston #17 QBPlock, Marvin #15 HBPorter, George #18 HBPreston, Fred #56 EProchaska, Ray #31 ERohrig, Herman #25 HBRuser, Dale #14 CSchluckebier, Glen #58 ESchwartzkopf, Sam #54 TSeeman, George #41 EShindo, Kenneth #28 ESimmons, Kenneth #19 HBThompson, Theos #26 HBWibbels, Edsel #45 FBWorrall, Charles  HB


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Minnesota
Minnesota was not happy at having their long winning streak over the Cornhuskers broken in 1937, and was ready to pounce on Nebraska in Minneapolis to open the season. Scoring once in each of the first two quarters, the Golden Gophers were in command 14-0 by the half. Undaunted, the young Husker team managed a touchdown to answer in the third quarter to make it a one-possession game, but near the end of the game, and pressed against their own end zone, Nebraska suffered a blocked shovel pass. The Huskers recovered it in the end zone to hand Minnesota two more points, putting the game out of reach. The Gophers had restored what had become the typical order, and moved to 15-3-2 against Nebraska all time.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Iowa State
Both teams held each other scoreless for the first half, but the Cyclones broke away with a touchdown and a safety to move up in the third. Nebraska answered near the end of the game, but still fell short by one point. Iowa State celebrated snapping the longest winning streak the Cornhuskers had ever held over another team at 15 straight, and it was the first 0-2 start to a Nebraska season since 1924. Still, the Cyclones had a long way to go to ever catch Nebraska overall, as they lagged against the Huskers 5-27-1.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Indiana
Nebraska outplayed Indiana and kept the ball on the visitors' side of the field for most of the game, and even recovered seven of the nine Indiana fumbles, but was still unable to ever put the ball over the line. The Hoosiers to their credit never gave up, and managed to hold the Cornhuskers to a scoreless game. Nebraska remained undefeated in the series after two previous wins against Indiana to date.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Oklahoma
Oklahoma was ranked and on a roll when Nebraska arrived in Norman, and this time the Sooners were not willing to settle for a tie after the 0-0 result of last year. Nebraska fought to keep it a one-possession game after an early Sooner score, and held almost until the end, when Oklahoma secured another touchdown and put the outcome out of reach. Nebraska's undefeated stretch against the Sooners was snapped after seven games, but they still owned the 12-3-3 series.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Missouri
It seemed that the season was beginning to collapse around the ears of the young Cornhusker squad, and the story was sadly continued in Lincoln. The Tigers, sensing the vulnerability of a Nebraska team with four straight winless games, was still set back when the Huskers scored first, but a touchdown to pull ahead by four by halftime served to encourage Missouri. The Huskers tried to take control with a 96-yard kickoff return for a touchdown to open the second half, but could not prevent the Tigers from the late game-winning touchdown near the end. Nebraska's 10-game undefeated stretch against Missouri was the latest streak to be broken, and Missouri at last took the Missouri-Nebraska Bell back to Columbia. The Cornhuskers still held a commanding 22-7-3 edge over the Tigers all time.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Kansas
Under the weight of only the second five-winless season start in Cornhusker football history, which had last happened in 1919, the Nebraska squad took the field against the Jayhawks in Lawrence. The Cornhuskers had won 13 in a row against Kansas, but had the streak of victories broken last year when the teams fought to a tie. This was the last active major successful string without a loss, and the Husker team didn't want to lose it, too. Although Nebraska struck first, the teams settled into a scoreless battle afterwards until the fourth quarter. Kansas tied it up and put the pressure on, but a subsequent Nebraska field goal and touchdown kept the undefeated streak against Kansas alive at 15 in a row, while Nebraska improved over Kansas to 33-9-3.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Pittsburgh
The struggling Cornhuskers had suffered a long string of disappointments at the hands of the Panthers, and Nebraska was glad to have home-field advantage when facing Pitt under the circumstances. The Panthers were held scoreless in the first while the Huskers pulled up within 15 yards of a score before a field goal was blocked. After that, Nebraska could not keep up as the Panthers secured one touchdown in each subsequent quarter to pull away, setting two new undesired Nebraska records against any single team: 6 losses in a row and 12 winless games in a row. Nebraska's series frustration against Pitt was extended to 1-9-3.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Iowa
The sting of yet another loss in the Pittsburgh grudge match was wiped away with a shutout victory over Iowa at Kinnick Stadium. Both Cornhusker scores came as a result of converted turnovers, one a fumble and one an interception. Nebraska's 6th straight win over Iowa moved the series record to 18-7-3 in favor of Nebraska.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, Game summaries, Kansas State
Nebraska's spirits had been lifted somewhat by the shutout delivered to Iowa last week, and so entered the annual Kansas State game intent on closing the season with a win. Making good on that intent, the Cornhuskers advanced to a 14-0 lead by halftime. The Wildcats were only able to come up with a single touchdown and therefore dropped to 2-19-2 in their Nebraska series.


1938 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team, After the season
Coach Jones' second season was without a doubt a surprising disappointment, though the annual university yearbook praised the student body and football fans in particular for standing behind the team through the rough experience. The five losses in a single season were the most since the disastrous 1-7-1 campaign of 1899 in former head coach A. Edwin Branch's first (and only) season at Nebraska. Coach Jones saw his two-year overall record at Nebraska slip to 9-6-3 (.583) as his conference career total also slipped to 5-3-2 (.600), and the program's overall record fell to 279-95-30 (.728) while the Big 6 record slipped to 92-14-11 (.833).


1938 Nebraska gubernatorial election
The 1938 Nebraska gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1938, and featured incumbent Governor Robert L. Cochran, a Democrat, defeating Republican nominee, Speaker of the state legislature Charles J. Warner, as well as former Democratic Governor Charles W. Bryan, who ran as an Independent, to win a third and final two-year term in office.


1938 Nevada Wolf Pack football team
The 1938 Nevada Wolf Pack football team was an American football team that represented the University of Nevada in the Far Western Conference (FWC) during the 1938 college football season. In their third and final season under head coach Doug Dashiell, the team compiled a 2–3–1 record (1–2 against conference opponents) and finished third in the conference.


1938 Nevada Wolf Pack football team
Late in the season, Nevada players petitioned for the removal of coach Dashiell. In the final game of the season, a 51–0 loss to Amos Alonzo Stagg's Pacific Tigers, assistant coach Chet Scranton ran the team, though Dashiell continued to sit on the bench but did not direct the team. On November 1, 1938, the regents' executive committee cancelled the team's remaining three games due to turmoil within the program. Board chairman Silas Ross said: "After discussing the matter from all angles, we decided it would be persecuting the players to go through with the schedule. In view of the situation, with dissension existing, with several players out for the season with injuries and five more withdrawing from school, it seemed best for the interests of all concerned that the games be cancelled." Dashiell resigned as head coach.


1938 Nevada Wolf Pack football team, Previous season
The Wolf Pack finished the 1937 season 2–6 and 1–3 in FWC play to finish in fourth place.


1938 Nevada gubernatorial election
The 1938 Nevada gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1938. Democratic nominee Edward P. Carville defeated Republican nominee John A. Fulton with 61.86% of the vote.


1938 New England hurricane
The 1938 New England Hurricane (also referred to as the Great New England Hurricane and the Long Island Express Hurricane) was one of the deadliest and most destructive tropical cyclones to strike Long Island, New York, and New England. The storm formed near the coast of Africa on September 9, becoming a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale, before making landfall as a Category 3 hurricane on Long Island on September 21.


1938 New England hurricane
It is estimated that the hurricane killed 682 people, damaged or destroyed more than 57,000 homes, and caused property losses estimated at $306 million ($4.7 billion in 2017). Multiple other sources, however, mention that the 1938 hurricane might have really been a more powerful Category 4, having winds similar to Hurricanes Hugo, Harvey, Frederic and Gracie when it ran through Long Island and New England. Also, numerous others estimate the real damage between  $347 million and almost $410 million. Damaged trees and buildings were still seen in the affected areas as late as 1951. It remains the most powerful and deadliest hurricane in recorded New England history, perhaps eclipsed in landfall intensity only by the Great Colonial Hurricane of 1635.


1938 New England hurricane
At the time, roughly half of the 1938 New England hurricane's existence went unnoticed. The Atlantic hurricane reanalysis in 2012 concluded that the storm developed into a tropical depression on September 9 off the coast of West Africa, but the United States Weather Bureau was unaware that a tropical cyclone existed until September 16; by then, it was already a well-developed hurricane and had tracked westward toward the Sargasso Sea.


1938 New England hurricane
It reached hurricane strength on September 15 and continued to strengthen to a peak intensity of 160 mph (260 km/h) near The Bahamas four days later, making it a Category 5-equivalent hurricane. The storm was propelled northward, rapidly paralleling the East Coast before making landfalls on Long Island and Connecticut as a Category 3-equivalent hurricane on September 21. After moving inland, it transitioned into an extratropical cyclone and dissipated over Ontario on September 23.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
The Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project analyzed the 1938 Atlantic hurricane season in 2012, and Weather Bureau forecaster Ivan Ray Tannehill noted that the knowledge of the storm's existence at the time remained tenuous until September 17 when the cyclone had already increased to a hurricane. Based on land and marine observations, the reanalysis project concluded that the 1938 hurricane began as a tropical depression just off the coast of West Africa at 12:00 UTC (8 a.m. Eastern Standard Time) on September 9, becoming the sixth tropical cyclone of the season.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
The depression gradually strengthened, becoming a tropical storm less than a day after tropical cyclogenesis. It was inferred to have reached hurricane intensity over the central Atlantic by September 15, though ship observations became increasingly sparse as the cyclone tracked farther away from land. The first definitive indication of a tropical cyclone at sea was a report from the Brazilian ship SS Alegrete which documented a barometric pressure of 958 mbar (hPa; 28.29 inHg) within hurricane-force winds on September 17. Based on this observation, the hurricane had maximum sustained winds of 125 mph (200 km/h), making it the equivalent of a high-end Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
The hurricane continued to slowly strengthen and track westward at around 20 mph (32 km/h) about the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge centered over the Sargasso Sea. On September 18, a strong extratropical cyclone developed just west of Chicago, generating a strong influx of cooler air from Canada into the eastern United States and thus forming a sharp cold front over the region; this frontal boundary resulted in a channel of moist, tropical air being steered northwards into New England.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
At 18:00 UTC (2 p.m. EST) on September 19, the tropical cyclone strengthened further into a Category 5-equivalent hurricane with sustained winds of 160 mph (260 km/h) while north of the Turks and Caicos; this figure remained unchanged in reanalysis and serves as the storm's peak strength, although the reanalysis project noted that "considerable uncertainty" remains regarding the magnitude of the storm's maximum intensity at sea.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
Concurrently, the hurricane began to interact with the cold front over the East Coast, causing the tropical cyclone to curve northward towards the northeastern United States; the presence of the subtropical ridge to the east and the stationary nature of the frontal boundary prevented the storm from continuing to curve out to sea.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
As the hurricane accelerated northward, it gradually weakened. On the morning of September 21, it passed roughly 75 mi (120 km) east of Cape Hatteras. At 12:00 UTC (8 a.m. EST) that day, the storm was estimated to have a barometric pressure of 940 mbar (hPa; 27.76 inHg); this is the hurricane's lowest documented pressure.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
At 19:45 UTC (3:45 p.m. EST), the hurricane made landfall on Long Island over Bellport, New York with maximum sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h) and a pressure of 941 mbar (hPa; 27.79 inHg), making it the strongest tropical cyclone to hit the New York City area. It was moving rapidly northward at 47 mph (76 km/h), enhancing the intensity of the winds east of the center; in addition, its forward motion displaced its center of circulation 17 mi (28 km) away from the point of minimum barometric pressure.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
Weather Bureau forecaster Charles Pierce argued that the hurricane became extratropical off of the Outer Banks, though Charles J. Neumann, Frances P. Ho, and the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project suggested that it was tropical but in the process of extratropical transition at landfall. Afterwards, it quickly tracked across Long Island and Long Island Sound before making a second and final landfall near New Haven, Connecticut as a slightly weaker hurricane with winds of 115 mph (185 km/h), making it one of only three recorded tropical cyclones to hit Connecticut as major hurricanes. The storm steadily weakened, becoming fully extratropical over Vermont by 00:00 UTC on September 22 (September 21, 8 p.m. EST). Following this transition, the remnants continued to weaken before they dissipated over southeastern Ontario on September 23.


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
The strengthening of the subtropical ridge over Bermuda steers the hurricane west, while an extratropical low forms over the Great Lakes on September 18


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
The extratropical low pulls in cold air from the north, allowing it to strengthen and develop a cold front over the Eastern United States on September 19


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
The hurricane begins to be pulled northward by the quasi-stationary cold front on September 20


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
Extratropical transition gradually begins as the hurricane interacts with the frontal boundary on September 21


1938 New England hurricane, Meteorological history
Following landfall, the storm merges with the trough of low-pressure, isolating it from tropical air and completing extratropical transition on September 22


1938 New England hurricane, Forecasting the storm
In 1938, United States forecasting lagged behind forecasting in Europe, where new techniques were being used to analyze air masses, taking into account the influence of fronts. A confidential report was released by the United States Forest Service, the parent agency of the United States Weather Bureau. It described the weather bureau's forecasting as "a sorry state of affairs" where forecasters had poor training and systematic planning was not used, and where forecasters had to "scrape by" to get information wherever they could.


1938 New England hurricane, Forecasting the storm
The Jacksonville, Florida, office of the weather bureau issued a warning on September 19 that a hurricane might hit Florida. Residents and authorities made extensive preparations, as they had endured the Labor Day Hurricane three years earlier. When the storm turned north, the office issued warnings for the Carolina coast and transferred authority to the bureau's headquarters in Washington.


1938 New England hurricane, Forecasting the storm
At 9:00 am EDT on September 21, the Washington office issued northeast storm warnings north of Atlantic City and south of Block Island, Rhode Island, and southeast storm warnings from Block Island to Eastport, Maine. The advisory, however, underestimated the storm's intensity and said that it was farther south than it actually was. The office had yet to forward any information about the hurricane to the New York City office. At 10:00 am EDT, the bureau downgraded the hurricane to a tropical storm. The 11:30 am advisory mentioned gale-force winds but nothing about a tropical storm or hurricane.


1938 New England hurricane, Forecasting the storm
That day, 28 year-old rookie Charles Pierce was standing in for two veteran meteorologists. He concluded that the storm would be squeezed between a high-pressure area located to the west and a high-pressure area to the east, and that it would be forced to ride up a trough of low pressure into New England. A noon meeting was called and Pierce presented his conclusion, but he was overruled by "celebrated" chief forecaster Charles Mitchell and his senior staff.


1938 New England hurricane, Forecasting the storm
In Boston, meteorologist E.B. Rideout told his WEEI radio listeners – to the skepticism of his peers – that the hurricane would hit New England. At 2:00 pm, hurricane-force gusts were occurring on Long Island's South Shore and near hurricane-force gusts on the coast of Connecticut. The Washington office issued an advisory saying that the storm was 75 mi (120 km) east-southeast of Atlantic City and would pass over Long Island and Connecticut. Re -analysis of the storm suggests that the hurricane was farther north and just 50 mi (80 km) from Fire Island, and that it was stronger and larger than the advisory stated.


1938 New England hurricane, Impact
The majority of the storm damage was from storm surge and wind. Damage was estimated at $308 million, the equivalent of $5.1 billion adjusted for inflation in 2016 dollars, making it among the most costly hurricanes to strike the U.S. mainland. It is estimated that, if an identical hurricane had struck in 2005, it would have caused $39.2 billion in damage due to changes in population and infrastructure.


1938 New England hurricane, Impact
Approximately 600 people died in the storm in New England, most in Rhode Island, and up to 100 people elsewhere in the path of the storm. An additional 708 people were reported injured.