1934 FIFA World Cup squads
Rosters include reserves, alternates, and pre-selected players that may have participated in qualifiers and/or pre-tournament friendlies but not in the finals themselves.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Austria
Although registered to the official list, Raftl, Janda, Stroh, Kaburek, Walzhofer and Hassmann remained on standby in Austria.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Belgium
Although registered to the official list, Bourgeois, Simons, Van Ingelgem, Lamoot, Ledent, Putmans, Versyp and Brichaut remained on standby in Belgium.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Brazil
Although registered to the official list, Pamplona and Domingos remained on standby in Brazil.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Czechoslovakia
Although registered to the official list Daučík, Srbek, Šterc and Šimperský remained on standby in Czechoslovakia.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Egypt
Although registered to the official list, Bakhati, El-Soury and Youssef remained on standby in Egypt.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, France
Although registered to the official list, Défossé, Vandooren, Beaucourt, Delmer, Korb, Laurent and Courtois remained on standby in France.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Germany
Although registered to the official list, Buchloh, Münzenberg, Albrecht, Dienert and Streb remained on standby in Germany.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Netherlands
Although registered to the official list, Vrauwdeunt and Paauwe remained on standby in the Netherlands.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Romania
The Romanian Football Federation had nominated Zoltán Beke in case Bindea did not recover in time from injury, but this contravened FIFA regulations and so Beke, who travelled with the team to Italy, was not eligible to play.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Romania
Although registered to the official list, Konrard, Bürger, Juhász, Weichelt, Baratky, Klimek and Schwartz remained on standby in Romania.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Spain
Although registered to the official list, Hilario and Sabater remained on standby in Spain.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Sweden
Although registered to the official list, Hult, Jansson, Bunke, Holmberg and Lundhal remained on standby in Sweden.


1934 FIFA World Cup squads, Switzerland
Although registered to the official list, Huber, Gobet, Loichot and Hochsträsser remained on standby in Switzerland.


1934 Far Eastern Championship Games
The 1934 Far Eastern Championship Games was the tenth edition of the regional multi-sport event, contested between China, Japan and the Philippines, and was held from 16 to 20 May in Manila, the Philippines. A total of eight sports were contested during the four-day competition. The Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) participated at the games, becoming only the second nation outside of the traditional three to send a delegation to the event (after India in 1925). The games were held at the then newly built sports complex, Rizal Memorial Field which was constructed on the former site of the Manila Carnival Grounds.


1934 Far Eastern Championship Games
Official women's events featured on the programme for the first time. Although some women's activities had been included since 1921, this marked the first occasion that women's sports were given parity with men's contest and were treated as part of the official medal count and points tables. The swimming programme featured at least four different events for women.


1934 Far Eastern Championship Games
China won its ninth straight title in the football competition.


1934 Far Eastern Championship Games
This was the last Far Eastern Championship Games. Poor relations between China and Japan disrupted the working of the Far Eastern Athletic Association (the organising body for the games). Before the games, Japanese delegations repeatedly suggested to the Chinese that Manchukuo compete as an independent team at the forthcoming competition. This greatly angered the Chinese, given that Manchukuo had been operated as a puppet state following the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. The 11th Far Eastern Championship Games was scheduled to be held in 1938 in Osaka, Japan, but was cancelled after the 1937 outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War. Given the warring of two of its three member nations, the Far Eastern Athletic Association was rendered defunct.


1934 Far Eastern Championship Games
The holding of the first Western Asiatic Games in 1934 demonstrated increasing desire for Asian-led international multi-sport events. Following the end of World War II, the Asian Games was created in 1951 and featured two of the former Far Eastern group – Japan and the Philippines. Initially an event between Western-aligned nations, it was not until the 1974 Asian Games that China, Japan and the Philippines appeared together at the tournament, which came after a vote by the Asian Games Federation to exclude the Republic of China (Taiwan) in favour of the People's Republic of China.


1934 Fermanagh and Tyrone by-election
The Fermanagh and Tyrone by-election of 1934 was held on 27 June 1934. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Nationalist (NI) MP, Joseph Devlin. It was won by the Nationalist (NI) candidate Joseph Francis Stewart.


1934 Florida Gators football team
The 1934 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1934 college football season. The season was the high-water mark of Dennis K. Stanley's three-year tenure as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team. The highlights of the season included hard-fought victories over the Auburn Tigers and Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, both fellow Southeastern Conference (SEC) members, and the VPI Gobblers and NC State Wolfpack, two out-of-conference Southern teams. Stanley's 1934 Florida Gators finished the year with a 6–3–1 overall record and a 2–2–1 record in the SEC, placing seventh in the thirteen-member SEC.


1934 Florida Gators football team, Postseason
Wally Brown was named second-team All-SEC. After 1934, no Gators team would win six or more games again until the 1952 Florida Gators football team.


1934 Fordham Rams football team
The 1934 Fordham Rams football team was an American football team that represented Fordham University as an independent during the 1934 college football season. In its second year under head coach Jim Crowley, Fordham compiled a 5–3 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 165 to 92.


1934 French Championships (tennis)
The 1934 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 23 May until 2 June. It was the 39th staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year. Gottfried von Cramm and Margaret Scriven won the singles titles.


1934 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Singles
Gottfried von Cramm (GER) defeated  Jack Crawford (AUS) 6–4, 7–9, 3–6, 7–5, 6–3


1934 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's Singles
Margaret Scriven (GBR) defeated  Helen Jacobs (USA) 7–5, 4–6, 6–1


1934 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Doubles
Jean Borotra /  Jacques Brugnon defeated  Jack Crawford /  Vivian McGrath  11–9, 6–3, 2–6, 4–6, 9–7


1934 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's Doubles
Simonne Mathieu  /  Elizabeth Ryan defeated  Helen Jacobs /  Sarah Palfrey Cooke  3–6, 6–4, 6–2


1934 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Mixed Doubles
Colette Rosambert /  Jean Borotra  defeated  Elizabeth Ryan /  Adrian Quist  6–2, 6–4


1934 French Championships – Men's Singles
Fourth-seeded Gottfried von Cramm defeated Jack Crawford 6–4, 7–9, 3–6, 7–5, 6–3 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1934 French Championships.


1934 French Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Gottfried von Cramm is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1934 French Championships – Women's Singles
Margaret Scriven defeated Helen Jacobs 7–5, 4–6, 6–1 in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1934 French Championships.


1934 French Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Margaret Scriven is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1934 French Grand Prix
The 1934 French Grand Prix (formally the XXVIII Grand Prix de l'Automobile Club de France) was a Grand Prix motor race held on 1 July 1934 at Montlhéry. The race comprised 40 laps of a 12.5 km circuit, for a total race distance of 500.0 km. This race was the first outside of Germany to see the Silver Arrows of Auto Union and Mercedes-Benz, which would go on to dominate Grand Prix racing until the start of World War II.


1934 French Grand Prix
The race was won by Louis Chiron driving an Alfa Romeo. Chiron lead from the start, jumping the start to lead the first lap, but was quickly challenged by the Germans. Stuck, who made a poor start, was able to take the lead on lap 3, while down the field the Mercedes' and other Alfa Romeos and Auto Unions battled for the remaining places, while the Bugattis and Maseratis showed themselves to be totally outclassed. With Stuck's Auto Union slowing, Chiron retook the lead on lap 9. This he held to the end, as although he was pressured by the Mercedes of Fagioli and Caracciola, this ultimately came to nothing, as by the end of the race not a single German car was still running.


1934 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 1934 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented Fresno State Normal School during the 1934 college football season.


1934 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
Fresno State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC). The 1934 team was led by second-year head coach Leo Harris and played home games at Fresno State College Stadium on the campus of Fresno City College in Fresno, California. They finished the season as co-champion of the FWC, with a record of seven wins, two losses and one tie (7–2–1, 3–0–1 FWC). The Bulldogs outscored their opponents 225–77 for the season, including holding their opponents under 10 points in six of the ten games.


1934 Furman Purple Hurricane football team
The 1934 Furman Purple Hurricane football team represented the Furman Purple Hurricane of Furman University during the 1934 college football season.


1934 GP Ouest–France
The 1934 GP Ouest-France was the fourth edition of the GP Ouest-France cycle race and was held on 28 August 1934. The race started and finished in Plouay. The race was won by Lucien Tulot.


1934 Gent–Wevelgem
The 1934 Gent–Wevelgem was the inaugural edition of the Gent–Wevelgem cycle race and was held on 9 September 1934. The race started in Ghent and finished in Wevelgem. The race was won by Gustave Van Belle.


1934 George Washington Colonials football team
The 1934 George Washington Colonials football team was an American football team that represented George Washington University as an independent during the 1934 college football season. In its sixth season under head coach Jim Pixlee, the team compiled a 6–3–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 102 to 29. The team defeated Tulsa, Wake Forest, West Virginia, and Oklahoma, tied with Denver, and lost to North Dakota, Vanderbilt, and LSU.


1934 Georgetown Hoyas football team
The 1934 Georgetown Hoyas football team was an American football team that represented Georgetown University as an independent during the 1934 college football season. In their third season under head coach Jack Hagerty, the Hoyas compiled a 4–3–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 65 to 33. The team played its home games at Griffith Stadium in Washington, D.C.


1934 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1934 Georgia Bulldogs football team  represented the Georgia Bulldogs of the University of Georgia during the 1934 college football season. completed the season with a 7–3 record.


1934 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1934 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets of the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1934 college football season.


1934 Georgia gubernatorial election
The 1934 Georgia gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 1934, in order to elect the Governor of Georgia.


1934 Georgia gubernatorial election
Incumbent Democratic Governor Eugene Talmadge was re-elected to a second term.


1934 Georgia gubernatorial election
As was common at the time, the Democratic candidate ran unopposed in the general election so therefore the Democratic primary was the real contest, and winning the primary was considered tantamount to election.


1934 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
The Democratic primary election was held on September 12, 1934. As Talmadge won a majority of county unit votes, there was no run-off.


1934 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, County unit system
From 1917 until 1962, the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Georgia used a voting system called the county unit system to determine victors in statewide primary elections.


1934 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, County unit system
The system was ostensibly designed to function similarly to the Electoral College, but in practice the large ratio of unit votes for small, rural counties to unit votes for more populous urban areas provided outsized political influence to the smaller counties.


1934 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, County unit system
Under the county unit system, the 159 counties in Georgia were divided by population into three categories. The largest eight counties were classified as "Urban", the next-largest 30 counties were classified as "Town", and the remaining 121 counties were classified as "Rural". Urban counties were given 6 unit votes, Town counties were given 4 unit votes, and Rural counties were given 2 unit votes, for a total of 410 available unit votes. Each county's unit votes were awarded on a winner-take-all basis.


1934 Georgia gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, County unit system
Candidates were required to obtain a majority of unit votes (not necessarily a majority of the popular vote), or 206 total unit votes, to win the election. If no candidate received a majority in the initial primary, a runoff election was held between the top two candidates to determine a winner.


1934 German Grand Prix
The 1934 German Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held at the Nürburgring on 15 July 1934.


1934 German Ice Hockey Championship
The 1934 German Ice Hockey Championship was the 18th season of the German Ice Hockey Championship, the national championship of Germany. SC Brandenburg Berlin won the championship by defeating SC Riessersee in the final.


1934 German football championship
The  1934 German football championship, the 27th edition of the competition, was won by Schalke 04 by defeating 1. FC Nürnberg 2–1 in the final. It was Schalke's first championship, with five more titles to follow until 1942 and a seventh one in 1958. For Nuremberg, with five German championships to its name at the time, it marked the first time it lost a final but the club would go on to win its next title, the 1936 edition, after defeating Schalke in the semi-finals.


1934 German football championship
Schalke won the 1934 championship final late in the game after Nuremberg had gone 1–0 ahead In the 54th minute. Schalke equalised in the 87th and scored the winning goal three minutes later through Ernst Kuzorra.


1934 German football championship
Waldhof Mannheim's Otto Siffling became the top scorer of the 1934 championship with eleven goals, the first player to score double-didgid figures since interception of the competition in 1903.


1934 German football championship
Under the new Gauliga system, introduced after the Nazis came to power in 1933, the sixteen 1933–34 Gauliga champions competed in a group stage of four groups of four teams each, with the group winners advancing to the semi-finals. The two semi-final winners then contested the 1934 championship final. While the number of teams in the competition, sixteen, had remained the same as in the previous seasons, the modus had changed compare to 1933, when all games were played in the knock-out format and the competition was shorter.


1934 German football championship, Competition, Group 1
Group 1 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Brandenburg, Ostpreußen, Pommern and Schlesien:


1934 German football championship, Competition, Group 2
Group 2 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Nordmark, Niedersachsen, Niederrhein and Westfalen:


1934 German football championship, Competition, Group 3
Group 3 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Baden, Mittelrhein, Südwest and Württemberg:


1934 German football championship, Competition, Group 4
Group 4 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Bayern, Hessen, Mitte and Sachsen:


1934 German referendum
A referendum on merging the posts of Chancellor and President was held in Nazi Germany on 19 August 1934, seventeen days after the death of President Paul von Hindenburg. The German leadership sought to gain approval for Adolf Hitler's assumption of supreme power. The referendum was associated with widespread intimidation of voters, and Hitler used the resultant large "yes" vote to claim public support for his activities as the de facto head of state of Germany. In fact, he had assumed these offices and powers immediately upon Hindenburg's death and used the referendum to legitimise that move and take the title Führer und Reichskanzler (Führer and  Chancellor).


1934 German referendum, Background
Hitler had known as early as April 1934 that Hindenburg would likely be dead by the end of the year. He spent much of the runup working to get the armed forces to support him as Hindenburg's successor. Hitler was aware that with the passage of the Enabling Act and the banning of parties other than the Nazis In 1933, Hindenburg was the only check on his power, through his right to dismiss Hitler from office. This fact was brought home earlier in 1934.


1934 German referendum, Background
In the wake of escalating Nazi excesses, Hindenburg threatened to declare martial law unless Hitler took immediate steps to end the tension. Hitler responded by ordering the Night of the Long Knives, in which several SA leaders, most notably Ernst Röhm, were murdered along with several of Hitler's other past rivals.


1934 German referendum, Background
On 1 August, with Hindenburg's death imminent, Hitler had the cabinet pass the "Law Concerning the Highest State Office of the Reich", which merged the offices of president (head of state) and chancellor (head of government) under the title of Leader and Chancellor (Führer und Reichskanzler). Hindenburg died the following day, and two hours later, Hitler issued a decree announcing that in accordance with the new law, he had assumed the president's powers. He publicly argued that the presidency had become so linked with Hindenburg that the title should not be used again.


1934 German referendum, Background
Immediately after Hindenburg's death on 2 August, defence minister and commander-in-chief Werner von Blomberg ordered all members of the Reichswehr (armed forces) to take an oath to the Führer.


1934 German referendum, Background
When Hindenburg dictated his testament in May, he included as his "last wish" for Hitler to restore the Hohenzollern monarchy. His son, Oskar von Hindenburg, passed the testament on to Vice Chancellor Franz von Papen, who, in turn, gave it to Hitler on 14 August. The next day, 15 August, Hitler had it published without any indication of Hindenburg's "last wish".


1934 German referendum, Conduct
The government used widespread intimidation and electoral fraud to secure a large "yes" vote. This included stationing storm troopers at polling stations and forcing clubs and societies to march to polling stations escorted by Nazi storm troopers and then to vote in public. In some places, polling booths were removed, or banners reading "only traitors enter here" hung over the entrances to discourage secret voting.


1934 German referendum, Conduct
In addition, many ballot papers were premarked with "yes" votes, spoiled ballot papers were frequently counted as having been "yes" votes and many "no" votes were recorded to have been in favour of the referendum question. The extent of the fraud meant that in some areas, the number of votes recorded to have been cast was greater than the number of people able to vote.


1934 German referendum, Conduct
However, the Nazis also made little effort to prevent either the casting or tabulation of negative or invalid votes in districts that were known to have large populations of Jews, Poles and other ethnic minorities. As was the case in the November 1933 elections, the first held after the Nazis seized full power, the leadership considered the expected unfavourable results in such areas to be useful in their propaganda as proof of disloyalty to the Reich. It was the last national vote in which Jews and other minorities were allowed to cast ballots before they were stripped of citizenship the following year by the enactment of the Nuremberg Laws.


1934 German referendum, Conduct
The relative lack of support in Hamburg in 1933 had prompted Hitler to declare a national holiday on 17 August 1934 so that he could address the German people directly over the 4.3 million registered radio sets.


1934 German referendum, Conduct
The referendum itself, as well as all efforts to make Hitler head of state, violated the Enabling Act. Although it gave Hitler the right to pass laws that were contrary to the constitution, it stated that the president's powers were to remain "undisturbed", which has long been interpreted to forbid any attempt to tamper with the presidency. The constitution had also previously been amended in 1932 to make the president of the High Court of Justice, not the chancellor, first in the line of succession to the presidency and even then only on an interim basis until fresh elections.


1934 German referendum, Results
Support for merging the offices of president and chancellor was greatest in East Prussia, where official figures show that 96% voted in favour. Support was lowest in urban districts. It was least strong in Hamburg, where just under 80% voted affirmatively (20.4% against). In Aachen, 18.6% voted against. In Berlin, 18.5% of votes were negative and every district reported negative vote share greater than 10%. In the former Communist stronghold of Wedding, it was 19.7% against. The extent of the intimidation influenced the size of the "yes" vote. Overall support for the government was lower than in the referendum of 12 November 1933. Where the referendum of 1933 had received support from 89.9% of the total electorate, that of 1934 had only 84.3% support. The regional variation, however, was identical to that in the referendum of 1933.


1934 German referendum, Results
Some in the Nazi leadership were disappointed by the results of the referendum. For instance, Joseph Goebbels' diary entry for 22 August speaks of the referendum as a failure: "Initial results: very bad. Then better. Finally over 38 million for the Führer. I expected more. The Catholics failed Rosenberg!" Nevertheless, historian Ian Kershaw has judged that even after accounting for the manipulation of the voting process, the results "reflected the fact that Hitler had the backing, much of it fervently enthusiastic, of the great majority of the German people" at the time.


1934 Giro d'Italia
The 1934 Giro d'Italia was the 22nd edition of the Giro d'Italia, a cycling race organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 19 May in Milan with a stage that stretched 169.2 km (105 mi) to Turin, finishing back in Milan on 10 June after a 315 km (196 mi) stage and a total distance covered of 3,712.7 km (2,307 mi). The race was won by the Learco Guerra of the Maino team. Second and third respectively were the Italian riders Francesco Camusso and Giovanni Cazzulani.


1934 Giro d'Italia
Favourite Alfredo Binda retired during the 6th stage. Guerra took over the lead in the general classification from the climb specialist Francesco Camusso in the decisive time trial stage from Bologna to Ferrara.


1934 Giro d'Italia, Participants
Of the 109 riders that began the Giro d'Italia on 19 May, 52 of them made it to the finish in Milan on 10 June. Riders were allowed to ride on their own or as a member of a team; 52 riders competed as part of a team, while the remaining 66 competed independently. There were eight teams that competed in the race: Bianchi-Pirelli, Dei-Pirelli, Ganna-Dunlop, Gloria-Hutchinson, Legnano-Hutchinson, Maino-d'Alessandro, Olympia-Spiga, and Olmpique.


1934 Giro d'Italia, Participants
The peloton was primarily composed of Italians, but contained many French and Belgian riders. The field featured three former Giro d'Italia champions in five-time winner and current champion Alfredo Binda and single race winners, Francesco Camusso and Vasco Bergamaschi. Other notable Italian riders that started the race included Learco Guerra, Giuseppe Olmo, Remo Bertoni, and Domenico Piemontesi. Félicien Vervaecke, a Belgian rider who went on to achieve great success at the Tour de France, entered the race. Belgian Jef Demuysere was seen as a favorite to win the race after his victory in the Milan–San Remo earlier in the season.


1934 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider – wore a pink jersey. This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered as the winner of the Giro.


1934 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
In the mountains classification, the race organizers selected different mountains that the route crossed and awarded points to the riders who crossed them first.


1934 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The winner of the team classification was determined by adding the finish times of the best three cyclists per team together and the team with the lowest total time was the winner. If a team had fewer than three riders finish, they were not eligible for the classification.


1934 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
Il Trofeo Magno (English: the Great Trophy) was a classification for independent Italian riders competing in the race. The riders were divided into teams based on the region of Italy they were from. The calculation of the standings was the same for the team classification. At the end of the race, a trophy was awarded to the winning team and it was then stored at the Federal Secretary of the P.N.P. in their respective province.


1934 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.


1934 Giro di Lombardia
The 1934 Giro di Lombardia was the 30th edition of the race. It was held on October 21, 1934, competing over a total route of 245 km. It was won by the Italian Learco Guerra, reached the finish line with the time of 7h34 ' 00 "at an average of 32.378 km/h, preceding the countrymen Mario Cipriani and Domenico Piemontesi.


1934 Giro di Lombardia
160 cyclists took off from Milan and 60 of them completed the race.


1934 Glamorgan County Council election
The fifteenth election to Glamorgan County Council, south Wales, took place in March 1934. It was preceded by the 1931 election and followed by the 1937 election.


1934 Glamorgan County Council election, Overview of the Result
By the 1930s, Labour had secued a comfortable majority on the council, and dominated the aldermanic bench. The 1934 election saw little change.


1934 Glamorgan County Council election, Contested Elections
Most of the retiring aldermen were returned. However, two conflicts arose when retiring councillors sought the nomination at the expense of retiring aldermen, at Hopkinstown and Newcastle.


1934 Glamorgan County Council election, Outcome
Labour retained their majority, losing only one seat, at Pencoed. Their victory in the rural Cowbridge ward reflected their domination of county politics.


1934 Glamorgan County Council election, Election of Aldermen
In addition to the 66 councillors the council consisted of 22 county aldermen. Aldermen were elected by the council, and served a six-year term. Following the 1934 election, there were twelve Aldermanic vacancies (one vacancy due to the recent death of a sitting alderman).


1934 Gloucester state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Gloucester on 25 August 1934 because of the death of Walter Bennett, (United Australia).


1934 Gloucester state by-election
Walter Bennett's son Charles was selected as the United Australia candidate.


1934 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team
The 1934 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Gonzaga University during the 1934 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach Mike Pecarovich, the Bulldogs compiled an 8–2–1 record, shut out six of their 11 opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 180 to 71. The team's victories included three against Pacific Coast Conference teams. The team's only losses were to Oregon and San Francisco.


1934 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team
The team was led by triple-threat halfback Ike Petersen who was one of the leading scorers in college football during the 1934 season. Petersen went on to play in the National Football League for the Chicago Cardinals in 1935 and the Detroit Lions in 1936.


1934 Grand National
The 1934 Grand National was the 93rd renewal of the world-famous Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 23 March 1934.


1934 Grand National
It was won by 8/1 shot Golden Miller in 9:20.4, breaking The Huntsman's 72-year-old record, and also becoming the first horse to win both the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup in the same year. The seven-year-old was ridden by jockey Gerry Wilson and trained by Basil Briscoe for owner Dorothy Paget.


1934 Grand National
Delaneige finished in second place, Thomond II was third and 1932 winner Forbra was fourth.


1934 Grand National
Thirty horses ran and all returned safely to the stables.


1934 Grand Prix season
The 1934 Grand Prix season was the final year of a two-year hiatus for the European Championship. Achille Varzi proved to be the most successful driver, winning six Grands Prix. Alfa Romeo's cars proved difficult to beat, winning 18 of the season's 35 Grands Prix.


1934 Green Bay Packers season
The 1934 Green Bay Packers season was the franchise 's 16th season overall, 14th season in the National Football League, and the 16th under head coach Curly Lambeau. The team improved on their 5–7–1 record from 1933 and finished with a 7–6 record. The Packers played their Milwaukee, Wisconsin home games at Wisconsin State Fair Park.


1934 Green Bay Packers season
During this season, a fan fell from the stands at City Stadium and sued the Packers and won a $5,000 verdict. This caused the insurance company to go out of business and the Packers entered receivership. Green Bay business men raised $15,000 in new capital to prevent the team from folding.


1934 Green Bay Packers season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1934 Hamilton state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Hamilton on 24 February 1934 because of the death of Hugh Connell, (Labor).


1934 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election
The 1934 Hamilton municipal election was held on December 3, 1934 to select one Mayor, four Controllers, and sixteen members of the Hamilton, Ontario City Council, two from each of the city's eight wards. Voters also cast ballots for trustees for the public school board.


1934 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Campaign
Candidates needed to fulfill a number of requirements to stand for office, namely be:


1934 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Campaign
The election of 1934 was marked by the large number of mayoral candidates, with Herbert Wilton, who had considerable support from the local Conservative political machine, facing challenges from local barrister Stuart Smith, Communist candidate John Hunter, and minor candidates Thomas Fox and John Cairney. While Wilton maintained that he would continue his policy of classical liberal economic policy, Smith campaigned on a platform of reform, advertising that he would "correct the many existing evils by substituting the much needed reforms," and calling for Hamilton's own New Deal.


1934 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Campaign
Having run successfully as a slate for two terms, members of the Economy Slate made no effort to continue their electoral cooperation. Citizens and associations in the city campaigned aggressively against slates, writing letters to the editor to the Spectator and issuing advertisements warning voters to "Beware of Slates." Despite the negative public opinion regarding slates, the Spectator noted that members of the Conservative Party retained a majority of seats on council. The paper noted, "although it has never been a practice for either of the two old line parties to run slates, a check-up of next year's council representatives shows an overwhelming majority of members with Conservative leanings."


1934 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Campaign
The city's branches of the CCF and ILP, who had cooperated in the election of 1933, had dissolved their electoral agreement. Strains caused by the election de facto slate leader Sam Lawrence's to the Ontario Legislature and ideological divisions between each party's local leadership were significant factors in the abandonment of the short-lived electoral cooperation. Both parties nominated candidates, in some occasions against candidates of the other party. Twelve CCF candidates and six ILP candidates contested the election, with only one member of each party being elected. Commenting on the election, the Spectator noted that only "Ward 8 along remains true to [the] divided party."


1934 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election, Campaign
Also notable were the campaigns of official Liberal Party candidates in Wards 5 and 8. The party had normally avoided official involvement in municipal government, but nominated two candidates from a large pool of members who expressed interest in running. The Spectator reported that the candidates would "uphold Liberal principles in all municipal affairs."


1934 Hammersmith North by-election
The Hammersmith North by-election of 1934 was held on 24 April 1934. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Conservative MP, Mary Pickford. It was won by the Labour candidate Fielding West.


1934 Hansel Valley earthquake
The Hansel Valley Earthquake was a Mw6.6 earthquake that occurred on March 12, 1934 at approximately 8:05 a.m. MST in the Hansel Valley at the north end of the Great Salt Lake in Utah, United States. Depending on the accuracy of estimations, this earthquake was either the first or second largest recorded earthquake in Utah by magnitude. Damage to chimneys was reported in Logan, Hooper, Kelton, Kosmo, Locomotive Springs, Monument, and Snowville. At least two people were killed in the quake.


1934 Hansel Valley earthquake
Several aftershocks were felt on March 12 and following days, including one estimated at a 6.0 or greater.


1934 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team
The 1934 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team was an American football team that represented Hardin–Simmons University as a member of the Texas Conference during the 1934 college football season. The team compiled a 3–5–2 overall record with a conference mark of 2–2–1.


1934 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team
Les Cranfill was the team's head coach for the fifth year. He had played football at Hardin-Simmons and had first joined the school's coaching staff in 1926. Following three consecutive losing seasons, the school's athletic director, G.B. Sandefer, announced in January 1935 that Cranfill had resigned as head coach.


1934 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1934 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University as an independent during the 1934 college football season. In its fourth and final season under head coach Eddie Casey, the team compiled a 3–5 record and was outscored opponents by a total of 99 to 84. The team played its home games at Harvard Stadium in Boston.


1934 Haskell Indians football team
The 1934 Haskell Indians football team was an American football that represented the Haskell Institute—now known as Haskell Indian Nations University—as an independent during the 1934 college football season. Led by Gus Welch in his second and final year as head coach, Haskell compiled a record of 3–6–1. Tackle Fred "Jug" Miles was the team captain.


1934 Hawaii Rainbows football team
The 1934 Hawaii Rainbows football team was an American football team that represented the University of Hawaii during the 1934 college football season. In its 14th season under head coach Otto Klum, the team compiled a perfect 6–0 record, shut out four of six opponents, and outscored opponents by a total of 142 to 21. The team's victories included games against Denver (36–14) and California (14–0).


1934 Hawaii Rainbows football team
Tom Kaulukukui starred in the backfield for the 1934 team. His jersey number 32 was retired by the Hawaii football program.


1934 Hawthorn Football Club season
The 1934 season was the Hawthorn Football Club's 10th season in the Victorian Football League and 33rd overall.


1934 Hemsworth by-election
A by-election was held for the British House of Commons constituency of Hemsworth on 17 May 1934. The seat had become vacant on the death of the Labour Member of Parliament Gabriel Price, who had held the seat since the 1931 general election.


1934 Hemsworth by-election
The Labour Party considered two candidates: Absalom Flavell, from South Kirkby, and George Griffiths, secretary and organiser of the Hemsworth Divisional Labour Party. While Flavell was supported by some affiliated bodies, he voluntarily withdrew, believing that Griffiths had stronger backing.


1934 Hemsworth by-election
The Independent Labour Party considered putting forward Isaac Burns, a local councillor and miner. The Conservative Party indicated that, if it did so, it would probably also put forward a candidate, hoping to take advantage of a split left-wing vote. Ultimately, both parties decided not to stand, and Griffiths was elected unopposed.


1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash
The 1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash occurred on 2 October 1934 when a de Havilland DH.89A Dragon Rapide of Hillman's Airways crashed into the English Channel off Folkestone, Kent, killing all seven people on board. The aircraft was operating an international scheduled passenger flight from Abridge Aerodrome to Le Bourget Airport, Paris. The accident resulted in the first write-off of a Dragon Rapide.


1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash, Aircraft
The accident aircraft was de Havilland DH.89A Dragon Rapide G-ACPM, c/n 6251. This aircraft was the first production Dragon Rapide. The aircraft had been entered in the 1934 King's Cup Race by Lord Wakefield but withdrew at Waddington following hail damage. It had been delivered to Hillman's Airways on 27 July.


1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash, Accident
The flight had departed Abridge at 10 am. Cloudbase was 700 feet (210 m) and visibility was 2 miles (3 km) but decreased in rain within half an hour of the aircraft's departure. At 10.47, the aircraft was approaching the coast and the pilot asked Croydon for a radio bearing. The bearing received placed him north of Dover. The normal route in conditions of bad visibility was from Dungeness to Le Touquet. The pilot turned south to regain his course. At about 11:02, the aircraft dived into the sea and was destroyed, killing all seven people on board.


1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash, Accident
The location of the accident was 4 miles (6.4 km) off Folkestone. The crash was heard by the crew of the German SS Leander. A boat was lowered and some wreckage and two bodies were discovered within ten minutes. Visibility at the time was poor in patchy rain with a cloudbase of 300 feet (91 m) The British coaster SS Snowcrete joined the search. Its boat recovered a third body. The Southern Railway's cross-channel ferry SS Biarritz also joined the search. Two more bodies were recovered.


1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash, Accident
The victims were transferred to Biarritz which took them to Folkestone before resuming her voyage to Boulogne. The Dover Lifeboat and a tug from Dover searched for the remaining two victims. Wreckage from the aircraft was landed at Dover and Folkestone. The accident resulted in the first write-off of a Dragon Rapide.


1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash, Accident
The inquest into the deaths of the five people whose bodies had been recovered was opened by the Folkestone Coroner at Folkestone Town Hall on 4 October. Evidence was given that the aircraft had probably crashed into the sea at high speed and all victims had died from multiple injuries. A verdict of "accidental death" was returned on all five victims.


1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash, Accident
An Air Ministry investigation determined the cause of the accident to be pilot error due to the pilot's lack of experience in navigation and blind flying. Although conditions lower down were extremely poor, there was little cloud between 3,000 and 8,000 ft (910 and 2,440 m). The sea was calm and the pilot was unable to distinguish its surface.


1934 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
The 1934 Holy Cross Crusaders football team was an American football team that represented the College of the Holy Cross as an independent during the 1934 college football season. In its second year under head coach Eddie Anderson, the team compiled an 8–2 record. The team played its home games at Fitton Field in Worcester, Massachusetts.


1934 Home Nations Championship
The 1934 Home Nations Championship was the thirtieth series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Five Nations, and prior to that, the Home Nations, this was the forty-seventh series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Six matches were played between 20 January and 17 March. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It was the first time since the 1913 competition that the table finished without any team tying for places.


1934 Honduran legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Honduras on 28 October 1934.


1934 Howard Bison football team
The 1934 Howard Bison football team was an American football team that represented Howard University as a member of the Colored Intercollegiate Athletic Association (CIAA) during the 1934 college football season. The team was led by Charles Fremont West who returned for his second season as head coach after helming the team in 1928. The Bison finished the season with an overall record of 4–2–2 and a conference mark of 3–1–2.


1934 Howard Bison football team
In December, after the season, the Negro Intercollegiate Athletic Association ruled halfback Paul Perkins was ineligible and that Howard had to forfeit its victories over Saint Paul's and Hampton and its ties with Virginia State and Morgan.


1934 Howard Bulldogs football team
The 1934 Howard Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Howard College—now known as Samford University—as a member of the Dixie Conference and the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) in the 1934 college football season. Led by Clyde Propst in his first and only season as head coach, the team compiled an overall record of 3–4–2 and with a mark of 0–1 in Dixie Conference play and 2–1–1 against SIAA competition.


1934 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1934 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State College during the 1934 college football season. They competed as an independent.


1934 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1934 Lumberjacks were led by head coach Fred Telonicher in his eighth and final year at the helm. They played home games at Albee Stadium in Eureka, California. Humboldt State finished with a record of one win and three losses (1–3). The Lumberjacks were outscored by their opponents 31–57 for the four-game season. In the eight years Telonicher was coach, the Lumberjacks compiled a record of 8–23–2 (.273).


1934 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1934 Ice Hockey World Championships were held from February 3–11, 1934, in Milan, Italy. Canada won its seventh world championship, defeating the United States in the final. The World Championship bronze medal and the European Championship title went to Germany. It was the second European Championship title for the Germans.


1934 Ice Hockey World Championships
Like the previous year's World Championship twelve teams participated, with defending champion United States and Canada advancing directly to the second round. The other ten teams split into three preliminary groups for the six remaining second round places. In the preliminary Group C, there was a stalemate among the three teams; all three earned two points with equal goal differentials. As a result, the organizing committee decided that all three teams in Group C should advance.


1934 Ice Hockey World Championships
With nine instead of eight teams in the second round, the format was changed from two groups of four teams to three groups of three teams. The group winners advanced directly to the semi-finals, while the fourth semifinal position was decided by an extra qualifying round for the second-place finishers. The second and third place teams in the extra qualifying round were awarded fifth and sixth positions, and the six teams not advancing to the semifinals or semifinal qualification round played a round-robin series for positions seven through twelve.


1934 Ice Hockey World Championships, Third round, Consolation Round—7th to 12th Places
As the bottom finishers in their respective preliminary groups (group C qualified all its teams for the second round), Great Britain and Belgium played a qualification match to determine which of them joined the round robin; the loser (Belgium) finished the tournament in 12th place.


1934 Ice Hockey World Championships, Final rankings—World Championship, Team members
Ray Watkins, Jim Dewey, Ab Rogers, Bert Scharfe,Elmer Piper, Ron Silver, Cliff Lake, Hobb Wilson; Coach: Johnny Walker


1934 Icelandic parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 24 June 1934. They were the first held after reforms to the electoral system that increased the number of seats in the Lower House from 28 to 33 and ensured that all members of the Althing were elected at the same election. The Independence Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House, winning 14 of the 33 seats.


1934 Icelandic parliamentary election, Electoral reform
In the previous election, the 28 members of the Lower House Althing had been elected in one- or two-member constituencies by plurality voting, except in Reykjavík, where the four seats were elected by proportional representation. Eight members of the Upper House were elected at the same time as the Lower House, whilst the remaining six members were elected in separate national elections using proportional representation.


1934 Icelandic parliamentary election, Electoral reform
The reforms raised the number of seats in the Lower House to 33, of which 11 were to be compensatory seats. The compensatory seats were awarded to parties which had won at least one of the 22 standard seats, and were allocated according to their votes received divided by the seats they had won. Once allocated to a party, the seats were then allocated based on a preferential basis:


1934 Icelandic parliamentary election, Electoral reform
Although a party could only have one compensatory seat in each constituency, this still left some constituencies over-represented.


1934 Icelandic parliamentary election, Electoral reform
All seats in the Upper House seats were now elected at the same time as the Lower House, whilst the number was increased from 14 to 16. In Reykjavík the number of seats was increased from four to six, with a subsequent lowering of the threshold to win a seat in the city. The voting age was lowered to 21, and those receiving poor relief were able to vote for the first time.


1934 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1934 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1934 college football season. The Vandals were led by sixth-year head coach Leo Calland, and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. Home games were played on campus in Moscow at MacLean Field, with none in Boise this year.


1934 Idaho Vandals football team
Idaho compiled a 3–5 overall record and lost all but one of its five games in the PCC.


1934 Idaho Vandals football team
In the Battle of the Palouse with neighbor Washington State, the Vandals suffered a seventh straight loss, falling 0–19 in Pullman on November 10. Idaho's most recent win in the series was nine years earlier in 1925 and the next was twenty years away in 1954.


1934 Idaho Vandals football team
Calland resigned after the season in mid-December; he compiled a 21–30 (.412) record in six seasons on the Palouse, but his overmatched Vandals were just 5–25 (.167) in conference play, defeating only Montana. He returned to southern California and coached at San Diego State College; his successor at Idaho was Ted Bank, the backs coach at Tulane of New Orleans, 10–1 in 1934 and Sugar Bowl champions.


1934 Idaho Vandals football team, All-conference
No Vandals were named to the All-Coast team; honorable mention were end Norman Iverson and tackle Bob McCue.


1934 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 1934 Idaho gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1934. Incumbent Democrat C. Ben Ross defeated Republican nominee Frank L. Stephan with 54.58% of the vote.


1934 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1934 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1934 college football season. In their 22nd season under head coach Robert Zuppke, the Illini compiled a 7–1 record and finished in third place in the Big Ten Conference. The lone setback was a 7–3 loss at Wisconsin. Halfback Les Lindberg was selected as the team's most valuable player.


1934 Indian general election
General elections were held in British India in 1934. The Indian National Congress emerged as the largest party in the Central Legislative Assembly.


1934 Indian general election
The total electorate for the 1934 elections was 1,415,892, of which 1,135,899 were in contested constituencies. The total number of votes polled was 608,198. The election marked the first year in which Indian women were eligible to vote in any but a local election. Of the 81,602 enrolled women voters, 62,757 of whom were in contested constituencies, only 14,505 actually used the ballot.


1934 Indian general election, Results
Out of the 51 general seats of the general constituencies, the Congress won 37 seats. The party also won 5 seats in the non-General constituencies. A Congress splinter group, the Congress Nationalist Party, was the only other one to gain a significant number of seats. Most of the 30 Muslim constituencies elected independents to the Council, but within the Council, leadership of the independent Muslims was assumed by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who, shortly after the election, resumed the leadership of the moribund Muslim League from which he had previously retired. Of the 32 seats filled without a contest, twelve were in Muslim constituencies, eight in European constituencies, eight in general constituencies, three reserved for landholders and one reserved for commerce.


1934 Indian general election, Results, Membership by province
The party position in 1941 stood as follows:Central Legislative Assembly


1934 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1934 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1934 college football season. The participated as members of the Big Ten Conference. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Bo McMillin, in his first year as head coach of the Hoosiers.


1934 Indianapolis 500
The 22nd International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on May 30, 1934. The winner was the number seven car driven by Bill Cummings, an Indianapolis native, at an average speed of 104.863 miles per hour. Cummings led for 57 laps total, including the last 26. Of the 33 cars that began the race, only 12 were running at the finish, although there were no crashes resulting in serious injuries. One serious incident involved George Bailey, whose car went over the outside wall, but resulted in only a broken wrist to the driver. The finish was the closest in the history of the race to that point, with second-place finisher Mauri Rose within 100 yards of Cummings at the finish (officially 27.25 seconds behind). Rose would also file a protest that Cummings had illegally gained ground during a "slow-down" period following a crash.


1934 Indianapolis 500
Cummings was accompanied by riding mechanic Earl Unversaw. The race was part of the 1934 AAA Championship Car season.


1934 International Cross Country Championships
The 1934 International Cross Country Championships was held in Ayr, Scotland, at the Ayr Racecourse on 24 March 1934. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.


1934 International Cross Country Championships
Complete results, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1934 International Cross Country Championships, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 54 athletes from 6 countries.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 29th edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. 10 teams would enter the Europe Zone (with 17 teams taking part in the qualifying rounds), while only 5 would enter the Americas Zone, 3 in North America and 2 in South America. Due to the large number of entries in Europe, a "Qualifying Round" system was introduced in order to better manage the number of teams competing. European teams which lost before the 1933 Europe Zone semifinals would play-off against each other for four spots in the 1934 Europe Zone main draw.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
In the America Inter-Zonal Final the United States received a walkover due to Brazil's absence, while in the Europe Zone final Australia defeated Czechoslovakia. The United States defeated Australia in the Inter-Zonal play-off, but would fall to Great Britain in the Challenge Round. The final was played at the All England Club Centre Court in Wimbledon, London, England on 28–31 July.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge America Zone
The America Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge America Zone
5 teams entered the America Zone: 3 teams competed in the North & Central America Zone, while 2 teams competed in the South America Zone. The winner of each sub-zone would play against each other to determine who moved to the Inter-Zonal Final to compete against the winner of the Europe Zone.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge America Zone
The United States defeated Mexico in the North & Central America Zone final and received a walkover into the Inter-Zonal Final after both Brazil and Peru, the only competing teams in the South America Zone, withdrew.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
10 teams entered the Europe Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the America Zone. Due to the large number of entries in Europe, a "Qualifying Round" system was introduced in order to better manage the number of teams competing. European teams which lost before the 1933 Europe Zone semifinals would play-off against each other for the right to compete in the 1934 Europe Zone main draw alongside the 1933 Europe Zone semifinalists and other non-European teams. 17 teams entered the Qualifying Rounds.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
Australia defeated Czechoslovakia in the final, and went on to face the United States in the Inter-Zonal Final.


1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone, Qualifying draw
European teams which lost in the first round, second round or quarterfinals of the 1933 Europe Zone competed in the new qualifying round for four places in the 1934 Europe Zone main draw.


1934 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1934 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1934 college football season.


1934 Iowa Senate election
The 1934 Iowa State Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 1934 United States elections. Iowa voters elected state senators in 22 of the state senate's 50 districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Iowa State Senate.


1934 Iowa Senate election
A statewide map of the 50 state Senate districts in the 1934 elections is provided by the Iowa General Assembly


1934 Iowa Senate election
The primary election on June 4, 1934 determined which candidates appeared on the November 6, 1934 general election ballot.


1934 Iowa Senate election
Following the previous election, Republicans and Democrats each held 25 seats. Lieutenant Governor Nelson Kraschel was a Democrat and wielded power as President of the Iowa Senate. Following a special election in 1933 in district 45, Republicans flipped the forty-fifth district to their party. Therefore, on election day in November 1934, Republicans held 26 seats to Democrats' 24.


1934 Iowa Senate election
To claim control of the chamber from Republicans, the Democrats needed to net 2 Senate seats.


1934 Iowa Senate election
Democrats gained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1934 general election with the balance of power shifting to Democrats holding 28 seats and Republicans having 22 seats (a net gain of 4 seats for Democrats).


1934 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1934 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State College of Agricultural and Mechanic Arts (later renamed Iowa State University) in the Big Six Conference during the 1934 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach George Veenker, the Cyclones compiled a 5–3–1 record (1–3–1 against conference opponents), finished in fifth place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 132 to 66. They played their home games at State Field in Ames, Iowa.


1934 Iowa State Cyclones football team
Don Theophilus was the team captain. Four Iowa State players were selected as first-team all-conference players: guard Ike Hayes, ends Frank Hood and Fred Poole, and back Harold Miller.


1934 Iowa gubernatorial election
The 1934 Iowa gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1934. Incumbent Democrat Clyde L. Herring defeated Republican nominee Dan W. Turner with 51.75% of the vote.


1934 Iraqi parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 6 December 1934 to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies.


1934 Iraqi parliamentary election, Background
After the death of King Faisal I, his son Ghazi was crowned as King in September 1933. Ghazi dissolved Parliament on 27 August 1934.


1934 Iraqi parliamentary election, Results
The elections resulted in the pro-government National Unity Party led by Prime Minister Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi winning a majority of seats. The opposition and press claimed that the government heavily had intervened in the elections.


1934 Iraqi parliamentary election, Aftermath
The new parliament lasted only for few months and was dissolved on 9 April 1935 and fresh elections were held later in the year.


1934 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1934 Irish Greyhound Derby known as the National Derby at the time took place during August and September with the final being held at Harold's Cross Stadium in Dublin.


1934 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1934 Irish Derby was finally awarded to Harold's Cross on condition that they contributed a minimum of £100 towards the event. The ICC added a further £50. It was also agreed that Shelbourne Park and Harold's Cross would run the competition in alternate years.


1934 Irish Greyhound Derby, Final result, Competition Report
There were nine first round heats with the first two from each qualifying for the semi finals. Kerryhill Boy won the first semi by six lengths from My Mistake in a time of 30.32 sec. Buzzing Dick won the second by half a length from April Dandy in 30.28 and the final semi went to Seldom At Home four lengths ahead of Frisco Hobo in 30.75. In the final the outsider Frisco Hobo took the lead at the second bend and held of a late challenge by Buzzing Dick.


1934 Irish local elections
The 1934 Irish local elections were held in all the counties, cities and towns of Ireland in 1934. The election was the first test for Fine Gael, which had been formed in September 1933. Fianna Fáil won majorities in fifteen councils while Fine Gael won majorities in eight.


1934 Isle of Man TT
For the 1934 Isle of Man TT Races despite the winning of four TT Races in 2 years, Stanley Woods parted with Norton motor-cycles over the issue of prize money and race tactics and joined Husqvarna alongside Ernie Nott.


1934 Isle of Man TT
The 1934 Junior TT Race was won by Jimmie Guthrie riding for Norton at an average race speed of 79.16 mph from Jimmie Simpson and Ernie Nott a distant third riding for the Swedish Husqvarna marque.


1934 Isle of Man TT
During the first lap of the 1934 Lightweight Race, Syd Crabtree, the winner of the 1929 Lightweight Race crashed at the Stonebreakers Hut on the Mountain Section and was killed. The 1934 Lightweight TT Race was won by Jimmie Simpson riding a Rudge motor-cycle in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 10 seconds at an average race speed of 70.81 mph. The 1934 Lightweight TT Race provided Rudge with another 1-2-3 win since the 1930 Junior TT Race and Jimmie Simpson's only TT Race victory winning from team-mates Ernie Nott and Graham Walker taking 2nd and 3rd places.


1934 Isle of Man TT
The 1934 Senior TT Race was led by Stanley Woods riding for Husqvarna but retired on the Mountain Section on the last lap after running-out of fuel. This handed a Junior/Senior double win to Jimmie Guthrie riding the works Norton at an average speed of 78.01 mph from Jimmie Simpson riding a Norton in his last TT Race and Walter Rusk with a Velocette.


1934 Italian Grand Prix
The 1934 Italian Grand Prix (formally the XII Gran Premio d'Italia) was a Grand Prix motor race, which was run on 9 September 1934 in Monza, Italy. The race lasted 499.96 km (4.310 x 116 laps). It was the 12th running of the Italian Grand Prix.


1934 Italian Grand Prix
After the fatal accidents of the previous year, it was decided to hold the race in a different configuration, using the main straight (in both directions, linked by a very tight hairpin just before the finish line), the southern corner of the oval, the southern corner of the road circuit and two double chicanes; it was the slowest configuration ever used in Monza.


1934 Italian Grand Prix, Classifications
Fastest Lap:  Hans Stuck (Auto Union A), 2'13.6", on lap 5


1934 Italian general election
General elections were held in Italy on 26 March 1934. At the time, the country was a single-party state with the National Fascist Party (PNF) as the only legally permitted party.


1934 Italian general election
Following a parliamentary reform enacted in 1928 by the Chamber of Deputies and Senate, the elections were held in the form of a referendum, with the Grand Council of the PNF, now an official state organ, allowed to compose a single party list to be either approved or rejected by the voters. The list put forward was ultimately approved by 99.84% of voters. The overwhelming majority provoked Benito Mussolini to dub the election the "second referendum of Fascism."


1934 Italian general election
These would be the last elections of any sort held under Fascist rule. In 1939, the Chamber of Deputies was replaced with the Chamber of Fasces and Corporations, whose members were not elected but instead nominated by party organs.


1934 Italian general election, Electoral system
As for the 1929 election, universal male suffrage was restricted only to men who were members of a trade union or an association, to soldiers and to members of the clergy; as such there were only 9.5 million eligible voters.


1934 Italian general election, Electoral system
The election was a plebiscite; voters could vote "Yes" or "No" to approve or disapprove the list of deputies nominated by the Grand Council of Fascism. The voter was provided with two equal-sized sheets, white outside, inside bearing the words "Do you approve the list of members appointed by the Grand National Council of Fascism?" The "Yes" ballot paper was decorated with the Italian tricolour and a fasces, the "No" paper was plain.


1934 Italian general election, Electoral system
The voter would be presented with both ballot papers, choosing one of the two and discarding the other in the voting booth. He would then fold over his chosen paper and present it to the electoral officials to ensure it was sealed. The process would not be considered free and fair by modern standards.


1934 Italian general election, Electoral system
If the "No" option had won, the election would be repeated with the admission of other electoral lists.


1934 Italian general election, Historical background
In 1929, a concordat with the Vatican was signed, ending decades of struggle between the Italian state and the Papacy that dated back to the 1870 takeover of the Papal States by the House of Savoy during the unification of Italy. The Lateran treaties, by which the Italian state was at last recognized by the Roman Catholic Church, and the independence of Vatican City was recognized by the Italian state, was so much appreciated by the ecclesiastic hierarchy that Pope Pius XI acclaimed Mussolini as "the Man of Providence".


1934 Italian general election, Historical background
During 1930s Mussolini also lead the armed local fascist militia, the MVSN or "Blackshirts", who terrorized incipient resistances in the cities and provinces and established the OVRA, an institutionalized secret police that carried official state support. In this way he succeeded in keeping power in his own hands and preventing the emergence of any rival.


1934 Italian general election, Historical background
After Adolf Hitler came into power, threatening Italian interests in Austria and the Danube basin, Mussolini proposed the Four Power Pact with Britain, France and Germany in 1933. When the Austrian 'austro-fascist' Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss with dictatorial power was assassinated on 25 July 1934, by National-Socialist supporters, Mussolini even threatened Germany with war in the event of a German invasion of Austria. Mussolini for a period of time continued strictly opposing any German attempt to obtain Anschluss and promoted the ephemeral Stresa Front against Germany in 1935.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election
The first election for a legislative assembly called Praja Sabha was held in 1934 in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in the British Indian Empire. The Praja Sabha was to have 75 members, of which 12 would be officials, 33 elected members and 30 nominated members. The election was held on 3 September 1934. The All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference under the leadership of Sheikh Abdullah was the largest elected party with 16 seats won. A 'Liberal Group' championed by the Dogra Sadar Sabha had the overall majority in the Assembly with 24 members.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Constitution of the Praja Sabha
Maharaja Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir established a Franchise Committee under the chairmanship of Sir Burjor Dalalon 31 May 1932 to make recommendations for establishing a Praja Sabha (literally, "Subjects' Assembly") in State. The recommendations came a year later with the proposal for a 75-member assembly in which 33 would be elected members, 30 would be nominated members and 12 would be officials.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Constitution of the Praja Sabha
The 33 elected members would be further split across religious communities, with 21 seats allocated to Muslims, 10 to Hindus and 2 to Sikhs.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Constitution of the Praja Sabha
With regard to provinces, the Kashmir province was allocated 16 seats (11 Muslim, 3 Hindu and 1 Sikh). The Jammu province was allocated 17 seats (9 Muslim, 7 Hindu and 1 Sikh). The Ladakh and Gilgit wazarats (districts) only had nominated members (2 and 1 respectively). The internal jagir of Chenani was allocated a nominated member.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Political background
Prior to the election, Sheikh Abdullah's position was said to be shaky. The most active members of the Muslim Conference party were in prison for having participated in the agitation. The younger members were in rebellion, and many joined a rival 'Azad' Muslim Conference started by Mirwaiz Yusuf Shah. Abdullah was suspected of having links to Ahmadiyyas and his marriage to the daughter of Englishman was also unpopular. Nevertheless he presented a moderate face of the party and the British government as well as the Maharaja's government was inclined to provide him encouragement.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Political background
However, the government was not entirely cooperative. It is said to have promised that the political prisoners would be released prior to the election, but backtracked on it three hours before the deadline for nominations. Consequently, the Muslim Conference had to fall back on second-rate candidates. Abdullah was bitter: "The Kashmir Government wants to squeeze me [out] by pouncing upon me", was his caustic remark.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Political background
The proposed Legislative Assembly did not meet the expectations of the Muslim Conference. Nevertheless, Abdullah persuaded his followers that they should participate in the elections "if only to show the extent of [the] popular support enjoyed" by the party. However, Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas, imprisoned in Udhampur jail, was steadfast in his disapproval. Finally, the general council of the party approved the move on 27 August 1934.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Political background
Sheikh Abdullah campaigned vigorously and turned the tide in his favour. The main contest was in the city of Srinagar, where five Muslim seats were contested by Abdullah's Muslim Conference and Yusuf Shah's Azad Muslim Conference.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Election and results
Elections for the Praja Sabha seats were held on 3 September 1934.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Election and results
Abdullah's Muslim Conference won all five seats in Srinagar, defeating Yusuf Shah's Azad Muslim Conference. Abdullah's biographer Syed Tafazull Hussain finds this remarkable since Yusuf Shah was a respected religious figure of longstanding while Abdullah was only a recent arrival.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Election and results
All the other seats were uncontested according to Justice Yusuf Saraf.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Election and results
In the final tally, the Muslim Conference had 16 elected seats in the Assembly, and the Liberal Group championed by Dogra Sadar Sabha had 13. According to the President of the Assembly, 2 Muslim Conference members switched their allegiance to the Liberal Group after two-and-half weeks of the Assembly session. Several nominated members also joined the Liberal Group, taking its final tally in the Assembly to 26. Dalal states that a Pandit Party (Kashmir Pandit Yuvak Sabha) had 3 seats and a Sikh Party had another 3 seats.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Election and results
The Muslim Conference in the Assembly was led by Mian Ahmad Yar, with Mirza Mohammad Afzal Beg as the deputy leader. The Liberal Group was led by Ram Chander Dubey.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Aftermath
Sheikh Abdullah, who had already expressed secular views prior to the election, forged a working relationship with the Liberal Group. By the end of the first session, he expressed satisfaction with the "sympathetic attitude of the President and the Ministers."


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Aftermath
Soon frictions developed. The elected members got frustrated with their inability to achieve policy changes, and, by March 1935, 29 elected members (14 belonging to the Muslim Conference and 15 to the Liberal Group) submitted a memorandum to the Maharaja asking for the constitution to be revised so as to make the executive responsible to the Legislature. The Kashmiri Pandit party did not participate in the demand. From here onward, demand for responsible government became the rallying cry for the elected legislators. By 2 November 1936, Sardar Budh Singh (Sikh member elected from Mirpur and Poonch) and the Muslim Conference members charged the government with "breach of trust" and resigned en masse. The Maharaja accepted the resignations and called by-elections for those seats.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Aftermath
By-eletions were held in July 1937. The Muslim Conference returned the same candidates that had resigned previously.


1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election, Aftermath
Subsequently, the Maharaja appointed the liberal politician-administrator, Sir N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar as the prime minister for the state.


1934 Japan Tour
The 1934 Japan Tour was a 12-city barnstorming baseball tour of Japan that took place in November and December 1934. It featured American League baseball players that formed a special team called the All Americans. The baseball stars were both tourists and ambassadors of good will.


1934 Japan Tour
This was not the first baseball tour of the country (there were tours in 1908, 1913, 1920, 1922 and 1931), but the Americans in those tours had played Japanese amateur or college ballclubs.


1934 Japan Tour, Details
The tour included Earl Averill, Lou Gehrig, Charlie Gehringer, Lefty Gomez, Connie Mack, Jimmie Foxx, Babe Ruth, Moe Berg and other American League players, as the National League would not allow their players to participate. Ruth, “still the most popular and famous athlete of his day” was the face of American baseball at the time.


1934 Japan Tour, Details
500,000 Japanese filled the streets of Tokyo to welcome Ruth and 14 other all-star baseball players for the barnstorming tour. The Americans played 18 games against the All-Nippon team, featuring many of Japan’s top players, in front of tens of thousands of fans. The games were played in Meiji-Jingu Stadium in Tokyo, Koshien Stadium in Kobe, Yagiyama Baseball Field in Sendai and others throughout the country. The Americans won all eighteen games. Ruth would hit 13 home runs during the tour.


1934 Japan Tour, Details
Staying in the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, there was a knock on the door of Babe Ruth’s hotel room one night. The Babe answered to find a gentleman wearing a kimono, asking for Ruth’s autograph on a baseball. Ruth happily obliged; the man then proceeded to pull out another dozen or so balls from his kimono for Ruth to sign. Ruth’s wife and daughter witnessed the event. His daughter also recalled how popular Ruth was during the tour: fans would rise to their feet every time he came to bat and waved Japanese and American flags.


1934 Japan Tour, Details
After the Japanese games, the team played games in Shanghai and Manila. Most players then went home while Ruth and his family continued westward for four months.


1934 Japan Tour, Details
The Japanese portion of the tour was filmed by Jimmie Foxx and his wife using eight millimeter black-and-white film. A copy of the film has been digitized by the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. Moe Berg also brought a 16-mm Bell and Howell movie camera and made short films of important Japanese installations; this was thought to be one of Berg’s first missions as a spy. Many of the players were shadowed while on the street in Tokyo while their luggage was being searched back at their hotel.


1934 Japan Tour, Legacy
The tour was quite popular. The team of Japanese all-stars were kept together after the 1934 barnstorming tour and formed Japan’s first professional baseball team in December 1934, called Great Tokyo baseball club. The All-Star Japanese team was led by Matsutara Shoriki and was encouraged to continue with baseball in Japan. This team traveled to the United States in 1935, playing against amateur, college and Minor League teams. The team was later called Yomiuri Tokyo Giants, which still existed as of 2018. The 1934 tour was “a big factor in making professional baseball possible in Japan” and helped cement the Babe’s popularity in Japan.


1934 Japan Tour, Legacy
The tour was covered in a book published in 2012. Items from the tour, including posters, jerseys and caps are held both in the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame and in Cooperstown.


1934 Japan Tour, Legacy
A cap Ruth wore during the tour sold for over $300,000 in 2014.


1934 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The 1934 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Big Six Conference during the 1934 college football season. In their third season under head coach Adrian Lindsey, the Jayhawks compiled a 3–4–3 record (2–2–1 against conference opponents), finished in fourth place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 74 to 48. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas. Ole Nesmith was the team captain.


1934 Kansas State Wildcats football team
The 1934 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 1934 college football season. The 1934 team went undefeated in the Big Six Conference, and won the conference championship. It was the first major conference championship in school history, and the first since the team won the Kansas Intercollegiate Athletic Association title in 1912. It would be another 69 years until the Wildcats would win their next conference title, the Big 12 championship in 2003.


1934 Kansas State Wildcats football team
The Kansas State team was led by future Hall-of-Fame coach Lynn "Pappy" Waldorf, who would depart from the school following his one championship season. At the conclusion of the season, tackle George Maddox was named a first-team All-American player by several organizations (including the All-America Board), becoming the third player in team history to be so honored. The Wildcats scored 149 points and gave up 89 points.


1934 Kansas gubernatorial election
The 1934 Kansas gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1934. Incumbent Republican Alf Landon defeated Democratic nominee Omar B. Ketchum with 53.51% of the vote.


1934 Kategoria e Dytë
The 1934 Kategoria e Dytë is the fourth season of the second tier of football in Albania. The league began in April and finished on 24 June 1934 and it was divided into 2 groups, with the winners of Group A and B playing each other in the final. The final was played between Shqiponja Gjirokastër and Vetëtima Himarë, which Shqiponja Gjirokastër won 3-0. Despite winning the league Shqiponja Gjirokastër were not promoted as there was no Albanian National Championship played in 1935, and as the club did not register for the 1936 season they were replaced by Dragoj Pogradec.


1934 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
The 1934 Kent State Golden Flashes football team was an American football team that represented Kent State College (later renamed Kent State University) in the Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) during the 1934 college football season. In its second season under head coach Joe Begala, Kent State compiled a 2–3–3 record.


1934 Kentucky Derby
The 1934 Kentucky Derby was the 60th running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 5, 1934. The win by the Brookmeade Stable of  Isabel Dodge Sloane marked the fifth time in Derby history that a woman was the winning owner.


1934 Kentucky State Thorobreds football team
The 1934 Kentucky State Thorobreds football team was an American football team that represented Kentucky State Industrial College (now known as Kentucky State University) as a member of the Midwest Athletic Association (MAA) during the 1934 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach Henry Kean, the team compiled an 8–0 record, won the MAA championship, shut out seven of eight opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 193 to 2. The team was recognized as the black college national champion. The team played its home games at Alumni Field in Frankfort, Kentucky.


1934 Kentucky Wildcats football team
The 1934 Kentucky Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented the University of Kentucky in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1934 college football season. In their first season under head coach Chet A. Wynne, the Wildcats compiled a 5–5 record (1–3 against SEC opponents), finished ninth in the conference, and were outscored by a total of 116 to 91. The team played its home games at McLean Stadium in Lexington, Kentucky.


1934 Kenyan general election
General elections were held in Kenya Colony in 1934, with the first seats elected on 28 March. Four candidates were returned unopposed in the eleven Europeans constituencies, whilst the remaining seven constituencies were contested by 18 candidates. For the five Indian seats, there were 17 candidates. Voter turnout in the White seats was the highest since elections were introduced. The Council convened for the first time after the election on 24 April.


1934 Kenyan general election, Electoral system
The Legislative Council consisted of eleven ex-officio members, eight appointed government officials, two members appointed to represent the interests of the African community, one member appointed to represent the Arab community, and seventeen elected members.


1934 Kenyan general election, Electoral system
Of the seventeen elected seats, eleven were for Europeans, five for Indians and one for Arabs. Around 6,000-7,000 Europeans were registered to vote in the eleven constituencies.


1934 Kenyan general election, Aftermath
The newly elected Legislative Council met for the first time on 24 April.


1934 Khamba rebellion
The 1934 Khamba rebellion was a rebellion in the western regions of Kham in Xikang against the Tibetan Government and the Sichuan Warlord Liu Wenhui. It consisted of Khamba tribesmen led by the Pandatsang family; two brothers of the family, Pandatsang Togbye and Pandatsang Rapga, led the revolt.


1934 Khamba rebellion, Revolt
The Pandatsang were an extremely rich Khampa trading family with enormous influence in Kham. The family leader was Nyigyal. The family's servants often said "Sa spang mda' gnam spang mda'." "The earth is Pangda's, the sky is Pangda's." and "I am connected to Pangda, what are you going to do to me?". They were behind the rebellion against Lhasa in 1934 and the Tibet Improvement Party.


1934 Khamba rebellion, Revolt
The mastermind of the rebellion was Pandastang Togbye of the rich and powerful Kham Pandatsang family.


1934 Khamba rebellion, Revolt
Pandatsang Rapga was the brother of Pandastang Togbye (also spelled Topgyay), who was a great friend of Thubten Kunphela who was from Nyemo county located between Shigatse and Lhasa, U-Tsang. Partly out of anger over Kunphela's fall from power after the death of the 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso, in 1934 Togbye organized a revolt against the Tibetan government in areas the areas they controlled in the western part of Kham. (that was about one third of the whole Kham region). His brother had military control while Rapga was more of a "scholar". They aimed to ultimately attack Lhasa, and had to take Chamdo first.


1934 Khamba rebellion, Revolt
He did so in the belief that many monks from Kham originating in the large monasteries near Lhasa would support him in this. The Tibetan government knew that the rebellion originated from within Kham. The residence of his family in Lhasa was confiscated, but ultimately negotiations ensued. The reason was that the family was the main exporter of Tibetan wool abroad, and any further incident could affect government funds. As a result of the outcome of the negotiations, the members of the family did not persecute the rebellion further.


1934 Khamba rebellion, Revolt
While the Kham rebels were escaping from the Tibetan government forces, they were forced into battle against both the Sichuan warlord Liu Wenhui and the Chinese Communist party forces which were on the Long March.


1934 Khamba rebellion, Revolt
Rapga fled from Kham to Kalimpong via Kanting and Nanking after the revolt failed.


1934 Khamba rebellion, Revolt
Grey Tuttle, an Assistant Professor of Modern Tibetan studies, believes that it was possible that Rapga "was a devout believer in the political ideology of Sun Yat-sen and had translated some of Sun's more important writings into Tibetan" during this rebellion.


1934 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1934 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 40th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.


1934 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
Tullaroan won the championship after a 6-06 to 1-05 defeat of Carrickshock in the final. It was their 17th championship title overall and their second title in succession. Carrickshock became the first team to lose three successive finals.


1934 LFF Lyga
The 1934 LFF Lyga was the 13th season of the LFF Lyga football competition in Lithuania. It was contested by 7 teams, and MSK Kaunas won the championship.


1934 LSU Tigers football team
The 1934 LSU Tigers football team represented Louisiana State University (LSU) in the 1934 college football season.


1934 LSU Tigers football team, Huey Long incident
Throughout Lawrence "Biff" Jones' head coaching career at LSU, U.S. Senator Huey P. Long had reportedly interfered with his decision-making and recruiting. At halftime of LSU's 1934 final home game against Oregon, with the Tigers trailing 13-0, Long approached the team's locker room and demanded to speak with the team. Tired of Long's meddling with the team, Jones informed the Senator that he would quit after the game, "win, lose, or draw."


1934 LSU Tigers football team, Huey Long incident
The Tigers would come back and defeat the Ducks 14-13, and Jones would make good on his promise, leaving the program to coach the Oklahoma Sooners and later the Nebraska Cornhuskers. Bernie Moore, LSU's track and field coach, would take over the head football coach position. Moore had coached LSU to the NCAA track and field championship in 1933. Both Jones and Moore would wind up being elected to the College Football Hall of Fame.


1934 LSU Tigers football team, Bibliography
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1934 LSU Tigers football team, Bibliography
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1934 Lafayette Leopards football team
The 1934 Lafayette Leopards football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College in the Middle Three Conference during the 1934 college football season. In its 11th season under head coach Herb McCracken, the team compiled a 2–6 record. Charles Nesi was the team captain.


1934 Lambeth North by-election
The Lambeth North by-election of 1934 was held on 23 October 1934. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Liberal MP, Frank Briant. It was won by the Labour candidate George Strauss who had previously been the MP for Lambeth North but lost it to Briant (who had also previously been an MP for the seat) in the landslide defeat for Labour in 1931.


1934 Latvian Higher League, Overview
It was contested by 8 teams, and RFK won the championship.


1934 Latvian Insurance Law referendum
A referendum on the Insurance Law was held in Latvia on 24 and 25 February 1934. The referendum was initiated by the Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party and its supporters and asked voters whether they approved of the law "On Provision in cases of old age, disability and unemployment", more commonly known as the Insurance Law. The law would provide social protection for the elderly, disabled and unemployed. Although it was passed by a wide margin, voter turnout was below the necessary threshold and the law was not passed by the Saeima.


1934 Latvian coup d'état
The 1934 Latvian coup d'état (Latvian: 1934. gada 15. maija apvērsums) known in Latvia also as the May 15 Coup (15. maija apvērsums) or Ulmanis' Coup (Ulmaņa apvērsums), was a self-coup by the veteran Prime Minister Kārlis Ulmanis against the parliamentary system in Latvia. His regime lasted until the Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940.


1934 Latvian coup d'état
On the night of May 15–16 Ulmanis, with the support of Minister of War Jānis Balodis and the paramilitary Aizsargi organization took control of the main state and party offices, proclaimed the State of War in Latvia, suspended the Constitution, dissolved all political parties and the Saeima (parliament).


1934 Latvian coup d'état
Ulmanis then established an executive non-parliamentary authoritarian regime in which he ruled as the Prime Minister. Laws continued to be promulgated by the acting government. The incumbent President of Latvia Alberts Kviesis, who was from Ulmanis Latvian Farmers' Union, accepted the coup and served out the rest of his term until 10 April 1936. Ulmanis then illegally assumed the office of State President and was officially known as "President and Prime Minister" (Valsts un Ministru Prezidents), but usually in publications was called "Leader of the people" (Tautas Vadonis) or simply "Leader" (Vadonis).


1934 Latvian coup d'état
Ulmanis was unique among European dictators of the time, as he did not create one ruling party and did not introduce a new constitution. Instead, Ulmanis created state-controlled Chambers of Professions, based on the corporatist models of the authoritarian regimes of Konstantin Päts in Estonia and António de Oliveira Salazar in Portugal. The regime was largely based on the authority and personality cults of Ulmanis and Balodis as founders of Latvia during the Latvian War of Independence who it was claimed had freed the nation from multi-party chaos.


1934 Latvian coup d'état
The bloodless coup was carried out by the army and units of the national guard Aizsargi loyal to Ulmanis. They moved against key government offices, communications and transportation facilities. Many elected officials and politicians (almost exclusively from Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party, as well as figures from the extreme right and left) were detained, as were any military officers that resisted the coup. Some 2,000 Social Democrats were initially detained by the authorities, including most of the Social Democratic members of the disbanded Saeima, as were members of various right-wing radical organisations, such as Pērkonkrusts.


1934 Latvian coup d'état
In all, 369 Social Democrats, 95 members of Pērkonkrusts, pro-Nazi activists from the Baltic German community, and a handful of politicians from other parties were interned in a prison camp established in the Karosta district of Liepāja. After several Social Democrats, such as Bruno Kalniņš, had been cleared of weapons charges by the courts, most of those imprisoned began to be released over time, some deciding to go into exile. Those convicted by the courts of treasonous acts, such as the leader of Pērkonkrusts Gustavs Celmiņš, remained behind bars for the duration of their sentences, three years in the case of Celmiņš.


1934 Lehigh Engineers football team
The 1934 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University during the 1934 college football season. In its first season under head coach Glen Harmeson, the team compiled a 4–4 record, and split the two games against its Middle Three Conference rivals.


1934 Lehigh Engineers football team
The team played its home games at Taylor Stadium in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.


1934 Leichhardt state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Leichhardt on 10 December 1934 because of the resignation of Joe Lamaro, Labor (NSW), to contest the federal seat of Watson at the 1934 election, however he was unsuccessful.


1934 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1934 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 40th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.


1934 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
Ahane won the championship after a 6-06 to 3-03 defeat of Kildimo in the final. It was their third championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt
The coup d'état attempt in 1934 (Lithuanian: 1934-ųjų pučas) was an attempt by voldemarininkai, supporters of the former Prime Minister Augustinas Voldemaras, to overthrow the government of President Antanas Smetona. While voldemarininkai planned several coups against the government, this coup was the largest and most threatening.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt
Voldemaras was ousted as Prime Minister in September 1929 but still enjoyed considerable support among the members of the liquidated Iron Wolf and many younger military officers. On 6–7 June 1934, several hundred soldiers captured several strategic objects in Kaunas and sent a delegation to negotiate with Smetona about reinstating Voldemaras and making other changes in the government. The coup was not directed against Smetona, but against the government of Prime Minister Juozas Tūbelis. Other military units and the police remained loyal to Smetona who refused to negotiate. The rebels lacked resolve and stood down after receiving promises that they would not be prosecuted.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt
A total of 111 officers faced disciplinary actions; 32 were acquitted while others were dismissed from the military or demoted. Voldemaras was sentenced to 12 years in prison. Five coup leaders and organizers, including Petras Kubiliūnas, were sentenced to death but their sentences were commuted to prison sentences. All five later received presidential pardons and were released by 1937. Voldemaras was released in 1938 on the condition that he would depart Lithuania. He chose France and largely faded from public life.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt, Background
The democratically elected government of Lithuania was deposed during the military coup d'état of December 1926. It was replaced by the government of President Antanas Smetona and Prime Minister Augustinas Voldemaras. After two unsuccessful counter-coups in 1927, the new government felt insecure and established the militarized Iron Wolf organization to help the new regime fight its opponents. Iron Wolf was loyal to Voldemaras and there were rumors that he might use it to oust Smetona. However, Smetona acted first and removed Voldemaras as Prime Minister on 19 September 1929. The Iron Wolf was officially liquidated but its members remained loyal to Voldemaras and continued as an underground group known as voldemarininkai. In 1929–1934, voldemarininkai planned six coups against Smetona and started one.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt, Rising discontent
Lithuania was affected by the Great Depression. The agricultural exports plummeted which stirred up discontent among Lithuanian farmers. At the same time, the funding for the Lithuanian Army was reduced. Many military officers sympathized or supported Voldemaras. This was particularly true among the younger generation of officers who compiled lists of "foreign" and thus "unreliable" older officers and tried to push them out of the military. After 1929, Smetona attempted to cleanse the military of Voldemaras supporters. After a few relatively calm and stable years, voldemarininkai began returning from internal exile and reestablishing their contacts with the military.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt, Rising discontent
In fall 1933, a group of young officers drafted six points of demands that called for the restoration of the spirit and goals of the December 1926 coup, removal of Prime Minister Juozas Tūbelis and reinstatement of Voldemaras, and reestablishment of the Iron Wolf. The officers were critical of Tūbelis government which was in power since 1929. They saw it as stagnant, incapable, nepotistic.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt, Rising discontent
In February 1934, Voldemaras published an article in Tautos balsas criticizing the government policies in the Klaipėda Region and worsening relations with Nazi Germany. The article was banned in Lithuania and the issue of Tautos balsas was confiscated, but the article was somehow published in Preussische Zeitung in Germany. Voldemaras faced trial which was to convene on 12 June 1934. In March and May 1934, the democratic governments in Latvia (see 1934 Latvian coup d'état) and Estonia were overthrown.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt, Rising discontent
In May 1934, leaflets with the names of people who were allegedly spying for the State Security Department were distributed among the soldiers causing much disturbance and discontent. At the same time, a delegation of young officers visited Smetona and demanded a government change. Rumors about the planned coup reached the president and the government, but they took little action and only ordered the police in Kaunas to be alert and strengthen its posts.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt, Attempted coup
Many of the officers participated in the successful coup d'état of December 1926, therefore the coup of 1934 was very similar to the coup of 1926.


1934 Lithuanian coup d'état attempt, Attempted coup
During the night of 6 to 7 June 1934, military officers stationed in Kaunas began the coup. They rang alarm bells mobilizing the soldiers. About 100 officers and 500–700 soldiers participated. Officers of the military aviation and hussar units as well as the 5th Infantry Regiment were particularly active.