1935 Auckland City mayoral election
The 1935 Auckland City mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1935, elections were held for the Mayor of Auckland plus other local government positions including twenty-one city councillors. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.


1935 Auckland City mayoral election, Background
The campaign featured a selection controversy when the Labour Party selected local businessman Joe Sayegh over prominent lawyer and MP Rex Mason with the blessing of Auckland Labour Representation Committee executive Fred Young. Sayegh was viewed a respectable individual and competent city councillor, but most gave him little chance of beating Citizens Committee candidate Ernest Davis.


1935 Auckland City mayoral election, Background
As Young had been employed by Davis for many years, John A. Lee and several Labour MPs alleged that Young had been bribed by Davis to ensure the selection of a weak Labour candidate for the Mayoralty which caused a rift in the Auckland Labour Party. Sayegh's campaign was not helped due to continued interference by Lee who tried to discredit Sayegh, slandering him as a "dumb wop fellow who could not even speak English". Regardless, Sayegh polled extremely well in the election, exceeding predictions and lost to Davis by only 363 votes.


1935 Auckland City mayoral election, Background
Councillor Ted Phelan had earlier declined to seek the Labour nomination for mayor, citing a conflict of interest, as he was also running the Hotel Auckland (which was owned by Davis), who had already declared his candidacy. Despite Sayegh's nomination, the returning officer received a nomination for Mason, whose consent was telegraphed from Wellington, though he later sent a second telegraph to withdraw. Ellen Melville also announced her intention to stand for mayor, but ultimately decided not to stand "in view of the confusion of issues." She successfully sought re-election to the council.


1935 Auckland City mayoral election, Background
The main talking point following the election was that the Labour Party had won a majority on the city council winning 15 of the 21 seats. This was the first (and only) time Labour had ever done so. There was also a huge turnout in voters with a record 60.36% of electors casting their votes, much higher than usual, an increase of nearly 12% from the 1933 election.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season
The 1935 Auckland Rugby League season was its 27th. The senior championship was again won by the Richmond Rovers who had won their first ever Fox Memorial title the previous season. They were level with Mount Albert after 12 matches and the two teams played off for the championship with Richmond winning 14–9. Despite their loss this was a significant achievement by Mount Albert who were in their first ever season in the senior first grade.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season
Newton Rangers who were in the middle of a revival after several poor seasons won the Roope Rooster trophy for the third time in their history with a 10-8 win over Richmond. They had previously won it in 1919 and 1920. This qualified them to play against Richmond in the Stormont Shield match. They lost 26-15 to hand Richmond their second straight Stormont Shield title. Ponsonby United won the Phelan Shield for teams who had been eliminated after the first round of the Roope Rooster with an 11-8 win over Mount Albert.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season
Marist Old Boys won the reserve grade competition (Norton Cup) after defeating Richmond Rovers in the final by 3 points to 0. They also won the Stallard Cup when they won the knockout competition which also involved some of the Senior B teams. Mount Albert won the Thistle Cup by scoring the most competition points in the second round of the Fox Memorial competition. Robert Morrissey of Mount Albert won the champion goal kicker award after he kicked 37 goals in the Fox Memorial and Roope Rooster competitions.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season
The reinstated Senior B competition (Sharman Cup) was won by Otahuhu with an 8 win, 1 loss record with Papakura second with 7 wins and 2 losses. Left trailing well behind was Point Chevalier, and Waiuku with a single win and 7 losses each. At the end of the season the newly formed Green Lane senior side joined these 4 sides in the Senior B knockout competition. They performed well losing narrowly to Papakura and Point Chevalier, and defeating Waiuku to finish 4th of the 5 sides. The knockout competition was won by Papakura. This competition was followed by the Walmsley Shield matches which Papakura won 6-2 over Green Lane in the final.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season
The representative season was marked by the clash between Auckland and Australia who were touring New Zealand for the first time in 16 years. Auckland went down in an entertaining match 8-16. There were several trial matches played as the selectors looked to find the best possible XIII's to represent both Auckland and the North Island. Auckland also went on a brief 'Southern' tour where they had wins over Wellington and Canterbury. The representative season was finished with an Auckland Province loss to Australia 18-36.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Annual meeting
At the annual meeting on April 9 the report and balance sheet was presented. It was noted that despite there being rain on ten Saturdays during the 1934 season there was a “marked increase in ground and grandstand receipts”. The working account balance had improved from £762 7/9 in 1933 to £1,254 0/9 by the end of 1934 with gate and grandstand returns totalling £2,814 10/3.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Annual meeting
The league's assets were valued at £10,983 16/7 made up from Carlaw Park (£6,980 11/2), grandstand (£3,686 10/9), furniture and fittings (£101 6/2), and plant and gear (£181 13/10), which left a profit of £435 18/4. Adjustments to the players’ insurance scheme and fewer accidents saw a saving of over £70. The league gave £429 17/3 to the clubs which was slightly up on the 1933 season. The report also noted the retirement of Messrs. F. Ellis (treasurer), T. Davis (secretary, Junior Control Board), and to Mr. Vic Simpson (secretary, Referees Association).


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Annual meeting
The following were elected as officers for the 1935 season: patron, Mr. J.B. Donald; vice-patron, Mr. J.F.W. Dickson; president, James Carlaw; chairman, Mr. Grey Campbell; deputy chairman, Ted Phelan; vice-presidents, Messrs R.D. Bagnall, R. Benson, J. Bellamy, O. Blackwood, J. Donald, C. Drysdale, H. Grange, R.J. Laird, W.J. Lovett, John A. Lee (M.P. ), J. Montgomery, E. Morton, Joe Sayegh, C. Seagar, Bill Schramm (M.P. ), R.T. Sharman, W. Wallace, H Walmsley, G.T. Wright, R.H. Wood, G.C.Gilmore, and Webb; club delegates to the board of control, J.W. Probert, and Jim Rukutai; referees’ delegate, W Mincham. In mid April Mr. Ernest Davis, and Mr. T.G. Symonds (managing director of George Court and Sons Ltd.) were elected vice-presidents of ARL.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Annual meeting
The 3rd annual Auckland Rugby League ball was held on October 2 at the Peter Pan Cabaret. Members of the touring Australian team were in attendance and the combined colours of the Auckland clubs were used to decorate the ballroom.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Annual meeting
The following were elected to the ARL Board of Control: hon secretary, Mr. Ivan Culpan; hon treasurer, Mr. J.E. Knowling; New Zealand Council delegate, Mr. R. Doble; hon solicitor, Mr. H.M. Rogerson; press steward, Mr. R. Doble; hon. auditor, Mr. R.A. Spinley; hon physicians, Drs. Tracey Inglis, Pezaro, Gwynne, Holdgate, Waddell, Burrell, and Locke; hon masseur, Mr. F. Flannagan; timekeepers, Messrs. W. Liversidge and A.E. Chapman; referees appointment board, Mr. L Binns and Wilkie; emergency committee, the chairman, secretary and Mr. Rukutai; finance committee, the chairman, secretary and Messrs. Probert and Mincham. In mid April Mr. Ernest Davis, and Mr. T.G. Symonds (managing director of George Court and Sons Ltd.) were elected vice-presidents of ARL.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, State of the game
At the dinner for the Taranaki and South Auckland teams following their representative matches with Auckland and Auckland B on August 3 a dinner was held in their honour. Present was the Minister of Education, Hon. Sydney George Smith, who spoke of the importance of sport in helping New Zealand through difficult times.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, State of the game
Later in the evening Mr. E. Stallworthy “expressed a hope that no discrimination would be made in schools in the matter of organised sport”... and “drew the Minister’s attention to the fact that sometimes teachers had seemed somewhat biased against rugby league football, and he hoped that the ruling of his predecessor that any penalty imposed on a boy for following his desires in sport, or obstruction thereto, would be a matter for serious inquiry”. The Minister responded “I may say that I have no objection to any code of football being played in the schools”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, State of the game
And he then went on the explain how the responsibility lay in the case of primary schools with the education board of the district, and for secondary schools with their governing boards. He said that headmasters and teachers would be unwise to go against the desires of parents and their children in regards to wanting to play any particular game.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, State of the game
At a social function at Masterton on July 24 Bert Cooke spoke about the league and union codes. He said that most of the rumours about large sums in connection with league were pure imagination. He went on to say that the league code was drawing thousands in Auckland where rugby drew hundreds and that there was no doubt which game the Northerners would sooner watch. Describing the game as being "faster, cleaner and a more brainy game altogether, but players required to be very fit. Nevertheless, he did not anticipate that league would make as great progress elsewhere as in Auckland".


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Broadcasting of matches
At the board of control meeting on April 17 it was decided to broadcast matches from Carlaw Park through the 1ZB station.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Trainings
At their first board of control meeting on April 10 the chairman suggested that clubs try to get their own training grounds where possible so that they could train harder and develop tactics without other teams training nearby seeing them. This was difficult to do at Carlaw Park with many teams training at the same time. It was also decided that school boys would not be allowed to train after 7pm owing to the needs of other teams.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Reintroduction of the Senior B grade
At the board of control meeting on March 6 it was decided to create a Senior B Grade. There had been one for several seasons but after the senior competition was restructured in 1931 to include 6 clubs with reserve grade teams beneath them the Senior B clubs were relegated to the Second Grade competition. It was recommended by the junior management secretary, Mr. W.F. Clarke that players in the Senior B grade would have the same status as Senior A players with regard to regrading.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Reintroduction of the Senior B grade
It was suggested that the Sharman Cup be donated for the Senior B championship, and the Foster Shield for the knockout competition. The third open grade would be eliminated and now effectively become the second grade (which had been superseded by the Senior B grade). The third grade would still have a weighted grade competition. It was also decided that the winner of the grade would have the right to enter the Roope Rooster competition.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Reintroduction of the Senior B grade
Otahuhu United won the competition and played a friendly match with Ponsonby United before losing to Newton Rangers in the first round of the Roope Rooster. At the April 17 board of control meeting there was considerable debate about whether the winners of the Senor B grade should be allowed to play the last placed team in the Fox Memorial competition, even if there was no consequence to the game. From 1927 to 29 promotion-relegation games were played between these teams but were ceased).


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Reintroduction of the Senior B grade
It was generally decided that it would be unfair for the last placed team in the top division to have such dire consequences hanging over them. It was also noted that the winning Senior B team could compete in the Roope Rooster competition anyway. At the Junior Management Committee meeting of April 23 it was reported that there would be six teams in the senior B grade - Papatoetoe, Otahuhu, Ellerslie, Point Chevalier, Richmond, and Waiuku. Waiuku were a new club, while Richmond's entry was described as “a fresh city side”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Reintroduction of the Senior B grade
Ultimately Papatoetoe dd not field a side meaning there were 5 teams and 1 bye each round. It was felt later in the season that Waiuku had been so ambitious in fielding a Senior B side when they were a fledging club and would have been better placed fielding their team in the Second Grade.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Application by Mount Albert United for senior status
At the first meeting of the Auckland Rugby League Board of Control on February 27 the Mount Albert United club applied for senior status. Chairman G. Grey Campbell said that the constitution allowed only six senior clubs and if there was to be an alteration there would need to be a notice of motion, along with a meeting of club delegates, with the Board of Control having the final say.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Application by Mount Albert United for senior status
The Mount Albert delegates Mr J. Johnson and G.H. Shaw said that the club wished a decision to be made early as they needed to organise before the season started and that they “would field first class senior and reserve grade teams, with much district support”. At the boards first official meeting on April 10 it was decided to admit the Mount Albert United club to the senior grade which meant it would consist of 7 teams.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Application by Mount Albert United for senior status
Mr. G. Grey Campbell said that he had looked at the names of the players which Mount Albert had submitted and they were all well recognised seniors. He also stated that there was a “strict reservation that this season no transfers from any other rugby league club be allowed, the idea being that a new club should not be strengthened at the expense of the existing clubs, which should be protected”. He also went on to say that “he felt sure Mount Albert would bring life to the competition and there were great possibilities behind the move”. Mr. R Doble spoke in support of the application by Mount Albert. On the motion of Mr. Probert to admit Mount Albert it was confirmed by vote.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Rules
At the board of control meeting on May 1 after the consideration of reports it was “decided to advise senior clubs that the new play the ball and hooking rules would be more rigidly enforced from next Saturday”. Players would be given the opportunity to “brush up” on the rules by attending referee demonstrations on Tuesday and Thursday evenings. It was scheduled that all coaches and team captains would meet on April 24 at a Referees Association conference to discuss the new amendments to the playing rules.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Rules
The play the ball rule stated that “players playing the ball must keep both feet on the ground until the ball has been placed thereon and the players acting as respective halfbacks must stand one yard behind the player playing the ball. All other players must not approach within three yards and be behind the acting halfbacks”. In addition to this the “offside rule of five yards radius within which players are offside is now increased to 10 yards”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Rules
While a drop out from touch now necessitated that “the attacking player must stand five yards away from the goal line, and when the game is restarted the ball must be kicked from behind the goal posts, and must reach this five yard mark. Formerly the attacking player stood on the goal line”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Rules
At a control board meeting on May 8 there was a question from a club regarding injured players and replacements. The response was: “(1)


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Rules
An injured player can be replaced up to the end of the first spell; (2) an injured player is one incapable of carrying on in play; (3) a team which plays twelve players in the first half is entitled to add a player, even in the second half, because the laws of the game provide for thirteen men a side; (4) players or officials of a club are not entitled to convene meetings of players with members of another club”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Rules
After complaints from junior grades regarding players wearing boots with illegal sprigs the referees association said that they had no right to police this. However the referees association received official advice from the control board meeting on May 20 that they did indeed have the right to inspect players boots to ensure that boots, whether "Bakelite or Aluminium were not dangerous".


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Rules
On August 5 at the ARL Referees’ Association meeting Mr. W. Mincham reported that the control board had ruled that a player leaving the field sick could not be replaced, but an injured player could be. The matter had arisen after an incident in a third grade match at Victoria Park. Mr Saunders, the referee said that the "ambulance man" had told him that the player was "suffering from concussion as well as influenza" and the matter had been misreported to the control board.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Carlaw Park
In May the City Rovers club wrote a letter to the Board of Control saying that the terrace fence was dangerous. The league responded that they realised this and that work would be undertaken on the fence “as soon as funds permitted”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Carlaw Park
Club flags were discussed at the 26 June meeting and the chairman suggested that a "flag-pole be erected near the scoreboard … to indicate by the flying of a pennant the team leading during the progress of the main game. Mr Campbell said the idea was one given him by Mr. Horrie Miller. The suggestion was adopted". Mr Miller was the secretary of New South Wales Rugby League and had recently visited New Zealand. It was decided at the July 3 ARL meeting to address the flagpole next to the score-board proposal next season as the chairman said that it was "also proposed to improve the present score-board".


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Carlaw Park
Referees had money and other items stolen from their dressing rooms during matches at Carlaw Park and at the July 3 ARL meeting it was decided that the issue of unauthorised people gaining "admittance to the dressing rooms" needed to be addressed and was referred to a sub-committee for investigation.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Carlaw Park
Following the North Island v South Island match on August 17 the ARL reported that the takings for club matches at Carlaw Park were "just over £500 better than those in 1934" and that "during the past ten weeks heavy rain had fallen each Saturday, otherwise the figures would have been even more satisfactory".


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Jersey Colours
After several issues in junior matches where both teams wore uniforms of a similar nature confusing players, the referee, and spectators alike the league decided to form a 'colours committee' to look into the matter. Mr. D. Wilkie said "after full deliberation … it was suggested that the Otahuhu club's jerseys be taken over and an alteration be made to Glenora jerseys. It was agreed that Ponsonby should retain their present colours. In connection with the clash of colours between City Rovers and Ellerslie, the former club had decided to differentiate by equipping their teams with white shorts".


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Jersey Colours
Otahuhu would be "suitably recompensed" for their forced change. The committee also thought that they should compile a register with all the details regarding colours and width of bands on jerseys and other particulars. Their recommendations were adopted and the colours committee were given authority to file patterns from jersey manufacturers in the register for reference. They then examined samples of the new Auckland representative jerseys and deferred their decision on them.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Player losses to English professional teams
In the off-season Newton Rangers lost the services of Mortimer Stephens and Cyril Blacklaws who were signed by St Helens. Stephens was from South Auckland and had originally played rugby league for Papakura. He represented Auckland and the North Island side in 1934. Blacklaws had also started his rugby league at Papakura before joining Newton. They both spent some time at St Helens before later signing for Rochdale Hornets. Later Mortimer Stephens son Owen became a representative rugby player, playing for the All Blacks, and the Wallabies, before switching to rugby league and playing for Parramatta and Wakefield Trinity in the 1970s.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Bert Cooke's retirement
At a social evening in Masterton on July 24 Bert Cooke had intimated that this season would be his last. He said that beyond the season he would "probably be wandering about in plus fours, carrying a bag of golf clubs". It was later confirmed that he had indeed retired after he made a statement at a dinner for the touring Australian players in October that he had played his last game. This finished a remarkable career where he represented the Auckland rugby side from 1923 to 1925, Hawke's Bay in 1926, and 1931–32, Wairarapa 1927-29, and Wellington in 1930.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Bert Cooke's retirement
He made 44 appearances for the All Blacks including 8 tests, scoring 39 tries (4 in tests), and 123 total points. After his switch to rugby league in 1932 he played 46 matches for Richmond Rovers scoring 71 points. His league representative appearances included 11 matches for Auckland, 3 for the North Island, and 5 for New Zealand. He was regarded as one of the most outstanding players of his era.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Obituaries
On May 22, 1935 James Carlaw passed away at his home in Mt Eden aged 81. Originally from Newcastle-on-Tyne, he was one of the founders of rugby league in Auckland where he had lived since 1863 after arriving from England on board the William Miles with the Albertland settlers. He was made the waterworks engineer for Auckland in 1900 and played a major part in the scheme to obtain a water supply from the Waitakere Ranges in the same year. He was then involved in the plan to build Waitakere Dam which was adopted by the City Council and completed in 1906. He retired in 1925 after 46 and a half years working for the City Council.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Obituaries
His name would also be forever etched on the sport of rugby league in Auckland. He was heavily involved in the securing of the land which was later named after him, Carlaw Park, and in its development as the headquarters of rugby league in Auckland. Carlaw was chairman of Auckland Rugby League from 1918 to 1920 and it took 3 years of negotiating by the board he led and the Auckland Hospital Board who owned the land before Carlaw Park was eventually developed and opened on June 21, 1921. Carlaw was also a founding member of Ponsonby United in 1908.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Obituaries
He was president of New Zealand Rugby League between 1914 and 1919, and again from 1926 to 1928. In 1928 he was elected Auckland Rugby League president and served in that role until 3 years prior to his death. He was also well involved in the pioneers of the sport of bowls in Auckland and was the champion of the Auckland Club in the 1896–97 season, and president in 1911–12.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Obituaries
He left a wife and “an adult family of a former marriage – Mr. John Carlaw, and three daughters, Mesdames A.E. Wetherilt, J.L. Foster and R.G. Sloman” along with ten grandchildren and one great grandchild. Chairman of Auckland Rugby League, Mr. G. Grey Campbell said of Carlaw “I think it will be generally conceded that few men have been able and willing to give to a sport more than Mr. James Carlaw gave to Auckland… his many activities in sport does not need recounting, because Carlaw Park will ever remain as a living monument to his foresight and accomplishment”. He was buried at Waikumete Cemetery at a largely attended funeral. As a mark of respect players and officials in all grades wore arm bands as a tribute to him on May 25 with the flag on the pavilion flown at half-mast.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland Rugby League meetings and news, Obituaries
A. (Sandy) FreemanSandy Freeman passed away in September. He was involved in Auckland rugby league from its early days and was an associate of James Carlaw. He was a referee for some time and later a member of the appointments board of the Auckland Referees’ Association of which he became a life member.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 1
The first round saw Mount Albert play in their first ever Senior A grade match, a 13–8 win over City Rovers. They had 4 players playing in their first ever game of competitive league after switching codes. Des Herring dislocated his shoulder in the first half while playing for Mt Albert. Lou Brown had returned from England and turned out for City.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 2
The match between Richmond and Mt Albert was played on Kings Birthday (Monday) as part of the silver jubilee celebrations before a crowd of 10,000.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 3
Quirke for Newton was sent off for striking an opponent though avoided suspension due to his previous good record.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 4
In the match between Newton and Devonport, R Kelsall (Newton) and John Donald (Devonport) were sent off in the second half and were each suspended for one match.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 5
Players in all matches wore arm bands as a mark of respect to James Carlaw who had passed away that week. Newton applied for a replay after their match with Ponsonby on the grounds that the referee had altered his decision which enabled Ponsonby to win. The league however decided that the result stood.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 6
Jim Laird, the Marist captain received a bad eye injury requiring several stitches to close the wound in their 27–5 loss to Newton.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 7
Brian Connolly had to go to hospital after being injured in the Marist – Mount Albert match. Marist used an unusual scrum formation with 2 players in the front row and 3 in the second row with Jim Laird, their captain playing as a rover in the backs. This was partly due to his eye injury sustained the previous week but the tactic was being used in competitions elsewhere and was experimented with in the ARL this season. The referees held a meeting on June 10 to discuss the tactic.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 7
The chairman suggested that "although there was nothing in the rules covering the point, the Auckland League be asked to insist that the orthodox scrum formation, 3-2-1, be adhered to". However others including Mr Hill and Mr S Billman believed that experiments by clubs should be encouraged to improve scrums and hooking.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 9
The Governor General, Lord Galway was a guest at the matches at Carlaw Park where the new grandstand had been opened.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 10
During Richmond's match Bert Cooke broke his nose in the second half. After receiving treatment from St John's he insisted on returning to the play, “and saw out the game in good style”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 11
Payne (Ponsonby), and E McNeil (Richmond) were sent off in their match and suspended for one week.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 12
Newton and Ponsonby met in the first ever senior A match at Glen Eden. Newton won 14 to 13.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Fox Memorial results, Round 13
The match between Mount Albert and Marist saw a large amount of fighting with 4 players sent off in the second half (Herring and Hassan for Mount Albert, and Carter and Flannagan for Marist). Herring and Carter were suspended for a match and Hassan and Flannagan were “severely reprimanded”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Friendly Matches
Prior to the commencement of the Roope Rooster a unique weekend of matches took place. Ponsonby and Otahuhu took on each other on the #1 field at Carlaw Park, however at 1:30 Devonport played Marist and City played Newton. At halftime in the respective matches the leading teams continued play on the #1 field while the trailing teams played against each other on the #2 field.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Friendly Matches, Ponsonby v Otahuhu
Scoring was barely reported for any of the matches but it was noted that Roy Bright scored several tries for Ponsonby.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Roope Rooster, Round 1
The match between Mount Albert and Marist was once again marred by rough play and H Shadbolt was sent off after a fight broke out at a scrum. He was suspended for the remainder of the season.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Roope Rooster, Final
Auckland were on tour and as a result Richmond were missing Bert Cooke, Eric Fletcher, Cliff Satherley, and Bill Telford, while Claude Dempsey and E Brimble were absent for Newton.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Stormont Shield
Australian actress Nellie Bramley kicked off the main game and then was carried off the field by Quirke and Stan Prentice. Flags were flown at half-mast due to the death of Mr. A (Sandy) Freeman, an old Auckland official and life member of the Auckland Referees Association.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Top try scorers and point scorers
The point scoring lists are compiled from matches played in the Fox Memorial, Roope Rooster, Phelan Shield, and Stormont Shield. Competitions which involved all first grade sides


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Other senior club matches, Newton v Whangarei
Newton travelled to Whangarei to mark the opening of Jubilee Park. A large crowd was in attendance with Mayor Mr. W. Jones expressing pleasure at the league taking over “such a splendid piece of ground”.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Other senior club matches, Taupiri v Mount Albert
Mount Albert travelled to Taupiri to play their senior side. Both teams were missing many of their best players and Taupiri ran out 11-6 winners.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Other senior club matches, Taradale v Mount Albert
Mount Albert travelled to the Hawke's Bay to play Taradale who had won the competition there. Mount Albert won the match 22-13 after a "fine exhibition for the 1.X.L. Cup". Gunning, a Mount Albert forward had to stay in Napier after breaking his collarbone.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior A competitions, Other senior club matches, Huntly v Richmond
On June 3 Richmond had the bye in the Fox Memorial competition so they travelled to Huntly to take on the local senior side. They ran out winners by 19 points to 0. In the evening a dance was held in their honour at the Parish Hall, Huntly with music supplied by Peden’s Orchestra. Mr W.C. Davies spoke as the local club patron with Mr Redwood, the Richmond manager replying along with Bert Cooke.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior reserve competitions, Norton Cup (senior reserve championship)
In Round 8 Devonport was unable to fulfil their fixture with Marist and asked for the opportunity to play it at a later date which was declined due to their being no time to do so. In Round 9 City protested their 5–5 draw with Devonport on the grounds that the referee called the game off at 3pm which meant that the second half was played short. The matter was referred to the Referee's Association for report. At the conclusion of the round robin the top 4 teams played off for the title. In the match between City and Richmond the crowd encroached on the field 3 times halting play. City's win meant that Marist would have to playoff for the title with Richmond. Marist won the title with a 3–0 win in the final.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior reserve competitions, Standings
A number of match results were not published in any of the newspapers so complete win loss records and points for and against are not available.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior reserve competitions, Stallard Cup (reserve and senior B knockout)
The decision was made for the Stallard Cup to have senior reserve teams competing with the senior B sides. In round 1 Papakura recorded a win over the Mount Albert reserves despite playing much of the second half short after Smith left the field injured and Len Taylor later left with concussion. Marist Reserves won the competition defeating City Reserves in the final 16-3 with the match played as the curtain-raiser to the first test between New Zealand and Australia.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior B (Sharman Cup)
Otahuhu won the Sharman Cup when they won the Senior B championship competition and were congratulated on it at the junior management committee meeting on 9 July by chairman Mr. D. Wilkie.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior B (Sharman Cup), Senior B knockout (Walmesley Colts Shield)
Green Lane's newly formed senior team was added to the Senior B ‘knockout’ competition which was a ‘knockout’ competition in name only. It was in fact played over 5 rounds with Papakura winning it. The New Zealand Herald stated that they won it with 51 points for and 8 against though this did not line up with the reported scores. Otahuhu were second, Point Chevalier, Green Lane and Waiuku trailing.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Senior B (Sharman Cup), Foster Shield
After their August 10 match Green Lane protested the result on the grounds that the referee had blown for full time early. It was later decided that the match would be replayed if it would have any bearing on the championship. After Waiuku's match with Point Chevalier their bus was involved in a collision with a car. The rear axel was broken though nobody was injured.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Other club matches and junior grades, Junior grade competitions
Nominations were received at the beginning of the season for 8 senior grade sides, 16 for the third grade (to be split into two sections), 11 fourth grade sides, 10 fifth grade sides, 8 sixth grade sides, and 4 seventh grade sides. There were weighing in committees formed at Papakura and Otahuhu while weighing in began nightly in late April at the League rooms in Courthouse Lane.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Other club matches and junior grades, Junior grade competitions
Richmond won the 2nd Grade championship (Hayward Shield), and they also won the Monteith Shield by winning the knockout competition. Ponsonby won the 3rd Grade championship (Walker Cup) and the Murray Cup for winning the knockout competition. A Britton of Ellerslie was named the most sportsmanlike player. Glenora won the 4th Grade championship, taking out the Hospital Cup, they tied with Newton in the knockout competition for the Kiwi Shield.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Other club matches and junior grades, Junior grade competitions
Richmond A won the Endean Shield when they took out the 5th Grade championship and they followed it up with a win in the knockout competition to claim the Milicich Cup. Richmond won the 6th grade championship for the Rhodes Shield and completed the double by taking out the Hammill Cup awarded to the winners of the knockout competition. The Richmond club also took out the 7th Grade championship for the Myers Cup, with the same team winning the Oval Shield for the knockout competition and the Walmsley Miniature Shield for winning the special round.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Other club matches and junior grades, Junior grade competitions
Richmond again were successful in the schoolboys grade winning the Newport Shield when they took out the championship. Devonport won the Eccles Memorial Shield by finishing runners-up. Devonport also won the knockout competition with the Ernest Davis Cup awarded as the prize. Marist won the Robert Reid Memorial Shield for winning the seven-a-side competition with the runners-up being Richmond. Richmond also won the Walmsley Midget Shield, with the best uniformed team being named as Richmond who won the E. Bennett Cup.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Other club matches and junior grades, Junior grade competitions
Richmond once again won the Davis Points Shield for being the most successful junior club in Auckland. They continued their dominance of this trophy. Grades were made of the following teams with the winning team in bold:


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season
Messrs. Ernie Asher, Bert Avery, and W Mincham were re-elected as Auckland selectors for the season. A. Ferguson, and W. Liversidge had also been nominated. There had been some debate around the number and makeup of the selectors. Richmond Rovers had been in favour of just one selector along with one other club, though 5 clubs favoured 3 selectors. Newton Rangers provided a letter suggesting that “no nominee be a member of clubs or of the management committee”. Jim Rukutai said that “only the most suitable men should be considered, irrespective of club interests” with W. Mincham in support.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season
The season began with two matches at Carlaw Park with Auckland B taking on South Auckland in the curtain-raiser and Auckland A playing Taranaki. The matches were played to assist the selectors in choosing the North Island side for their annual match with the South Island.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season
During the representative season it was decided to go on a southern tour. The team group of players they selected for the tour were:- Backs – Claude Dempsey (Newton), Bert Cooke (Richmond), Lou Brown (City), W Hall (Devonport), Arthur Kay (Ponsonby), Brian Riley (Ponsonby), Wilf Hassan (Mount Albert), Eric Fletcher (Richmond), and E Brimble (Newton), Forwards – Jim Laird (Marist), Lou Hutt (Ponsonby), H Simpson (Devonport), Des Herring (Mount Albert), Cliff Satherley (Richmond), Harold Tetley (Richmond), Dan Keane (Marist). The team selected was not the best available as the better players were kept in Auckland to continue training for their match against the touring Australian side. Chairman C. Grey Campbell acted as manager and Thomas McClymont as coach.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season
Late in the season Auckland selected a schoolboys representative team to play a Northland side. Auckland won the Golden Bloom banner by winning the match. Auckland was coached by Lou Brown who presented his English test jersey, acquired whilst playing for New Zealand to the player of the day, which was R. Bradley of the Richmond club.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season, Fixtures, Auckland A v Taranaki
Bert Cooke had been originally selected to play but injured his shoulder so was replaced in the side. Taranaki put on a good display in the first half and only trailed by a point at the break before Auckland A ran away with the match.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season, Fixtures, Inter-Island match (Courtney Silver Football Trophy)
This was the 10th inter-island match stretching back to 1925. The North Island had won 7, the South Island had won 1 in 1929, with a draw in 1930. Roy Bright, Wilf Hassan and McNeil (Richmond) were selected to play for the North Island but were unavailable. The North Island had 3 players debuting, Bill Telford, Ted Mincham, and W. Large (Hawke’s Bay).


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season, Fixtures, Auckland A v Auckland B (Auckland Trial)
In the second half A.S. O’Connor of Wellington replaced Frank Halloran. This had been arranged prior to the match as the selectors wanted to look at players in view of the upcoming Australian visit. A.S. O’Connor was a former Canterbury player who had recently moved to Wellington.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season, Fixtures, Wellington v Auckland (Southern tour match)
Former All Black Herbert Lilburne had switched codes and played for Wellington.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Auckland representative season, Fixtures, Auckland v Australia (Australian tour match)
Australian legend Dave Brown who was renowned for his point scoring feats and was referred to as "the Bradman of league" scored 10 of Australia's 16 points. This was the first match Australia had played in New Zealand since their 1919 tour.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Tāmaki (Auckland Māori) representative team
The New Zealand Māori Advisory Board was granted the use of Carlaw Park on July 31 for the first Waitangi Shield challenge match of the season between Auckland Māori and Taranaki Māori. The following players were selected to practice at Carlaw Park on Wednesday the 24th of July for the match against Taranaki Māori for the Waitangi Shield: A. Nathan, P. Nathan, D. Nathan, A. Kelsall, Skelton, Steve Watene, E. Kirkwood, A. Wharepouri, D. Hapi, J. Hapi, Ratu, Hira, L Brown, Turei, Murray, C. Faulkner, P. Kauhoa, P. Awhitu, W. Rangi, J. Stanaway, K. Tarawhiti, and P. Tepana.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Tāmaki (Auckland Māori) representative team
The match played on July 31 ultimately turned out to be Takahiwai, representing Northland Māori in their first ever representative match. Tāmaki held on to the Waitangi Shield with a comfortable 24-8 win with New Zealand international Lou Brown scoring 2 tries. They played further matches against Hawke's Bay Māori, and Waikato Māori. They won both matches to retain the Shield.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Tāmaki (Auckland Māori) representative team, Fixtures, (Waitangi Shield) Tāmaki v Hawke’s Bay Māori
The Hawke’s Bay team was described as being very heavy with an average weight of 11st 10lb in the backs and 13st, 10lb in the forwards. The Hawke’s Bay forwards dominated the play, although Tāmaki’s Steve Watene was described as the best forward on the field. It was the brilliance of the Tāmaki backs which saw them win an entertaining match 27-25 with Lou Brown playing in the centres scoring 2 tries and setting up 2 others. Hapi who was a former Hawke’s Bay rugby representative also played well for Tāmaki on the wing.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Tāmaki (Auckland Māori) representative team, Fixtures, (Waitangi Shield) Tāmaki v Waikato Māori
The Tāmaki team lost 2 players to injury and Steve Watene had to come on to play. With the scores tied 8-8 he scored what proved to be the match winning try in the corner. In the evening both teams were entertained at the Prince Arthur Hotel.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Annual general meetings, club news, and senior registrations and transfers, Senior grade registrations and transfers
Wilf Hassan transferred from Marist Old Boys to Mt Albert United on May 1 after his suspension had been uplifted, as did P. Walder.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Annual general meetings, club news, and senior registrations and transfers, Senior grade registrations and transfers
J.J. Magee and J. Miller transferred from Glenora to City Rovers, Lyle Rogers from Glenora to Ponsonby United, H. Lunn moved from Ponsonby United to Newton Rangers, P. Young from Richmond Rovers to Newton Rangers, J. Molehouse transferred from Pt Chevalier to Newton Rangers, Tony Milicich from Richmond Rovers to Devonport United, C. Thomas Ponsonby United to Pt Chevalier subject to a regrade, while the same applied to H Neale who was transferring from Ponsonby United to Papakura. Len Barchard was cleared for transfer from Devonport to Marist on April 25.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Annual general meetings, club news, and senior registrations and transfers, Senior grade registrations and transfers
The following players at the same meeting were registered as senior players: Carl Spiro, Richard Seddon Shadbolt, and Robert Esmond Morrissey (Mt Albert), F. Hulme (Newton), and D.A. McGee (Devonport). On May 1 the following senior players were registered: George William Surtees (Parnell), Roy Nightingale, D Stewart, and A. Matthews (Mt Albert), Lou Brown, D Hira, Pat Nathan, and Tai Nathan (City), E Smith and A Dufty (Newton), and J.C. Cowan (Devonport). J. Speight, C. Watt, Charles Albert McNeil, and S.J. Bennett had their reinstatement approved at the May 8 Board of Control meeting.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Annual general meetings, club news, and senior registrations and transfers, Senior grade registrations and transfers
At the same meeting there were several registrations; E. Brown, N. McCarthy and J.F. Taylor (Ponsonby); C Tryon and L.J. Scott (Devonport); F. Blyth and L. Martinovich (Mt Albert); and L.R. Davis (Richmond). At the Board of Control meeting on May 15 Bert Leatherbarrow was granted a transfer from Devonport to Ponsonby (he was residing in Waitoa at the time but returning to Auckland). The following players were registered; Ross Nathan (City to Newton), W.S. Cooke (Mt Eden to City), Ronald J. Couper (Herne Bay to Richmond), and E. Gallagher (Mt Eden to Mt Albert).


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Annual general meetings, club news, and senior registrations and transfers, Senior grade registrations and transfers
On May 22 the following players were reinstated: L.J. Edkins, L.J. Smith, P. Kennedy, J. Speight, and Bert Leatherbarrow's transfer from Devonport to Ponsonby being made official. The following players were registered: J.E. Everett (Devonport), S.F. Thorpe (Ellerslie to Devonport), and B.D. Connolly (Grey Lynn to Marist). At the May 29 meeting the following players were registered: H.V. Hogg (Taranaki to Ponsonby), George A. Kerr (North Auckland to Newton), J.C. Martin (Mt Eden to Newton), G.W. Ratcliffe (Mt Eden to Richmond), and Phil D. Martin (City to Mt Albert).


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Annual general meetings, club news, and senior registrations and transfers, Senior grade registrations and transfers
On June 5 the following senior players were registered or transferred: E.W. Coyle and W. Murray (Ponsonby), Sydney Hookway (Pt Chevalier), Victor Norris and Ernest Tier (Devonport), James A. Dye (City), and Don Cleverley (Mt Albert). On June 12 A. Bright of Newton was cleared for transfer to Pt Chevalier. The following players were registered: A. Wicks (Mt Eden), J Leonard (City to Devonport), A.A. Marinovich (Oratia to Devonport), O. McAdam (Mt Eden to Mt Albert). On June 19 Harold M. Hill was registered with the Ponsonby club after moving from South Auckland (Waikato). R.S.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Annual general meetings, club news, and senior registrations and transfers, Senior grade registrations and transfers
Simpson registered with Mt Albert, while Tim Peckham was registered with City. On June 26 H.W. Collins and W.F. Ford were registered for City Rovers, C. Pierce with Devonport, and P Awhitu to Newton. On July 10 R. McGreal transferred from Marist to Ngaruawahia, while City Rovers reported having registered J.T. Hapi, the ex-Hawke's Bay rugby union representative wing three quarter. On July 17 C. Stephens (Akarana) transferred to Devonport, as did O. Donaldson of City. G. Ellis of Mt Albert transferred to Newton, while J. Pirihi also transferred to Newton.


1935 Auckland Rugby League season, Annual general meetings, club news, and senior registrations and transfers, Senior grade registrations and transfers
H.T. Irvine was reinstated from Marist rugby club to Mt Albert, at the July 24 ARL meeting, While W.M. Charlesworth of Paeroa was registered with Mt Albert. On July 31 W. Carroll, an ex-South Auckland rugby union representative was registered with the Marist Old Boys. On August 7 Leo Cooney, an ex-North Auckland rugby union rep and All Black triallist was registered with the City Rovers. On August 14 John Tawhai, formerly of Auckland Grammar School was registered with the City Rovers. Reginald Dick and R Grant were registered with the Newton club, B.W. Johnston was registered with Ponsonby, and J.C. Burgess with the Marist club on August 28.


1935 Austin Kangaroos football team
The 1935 Austin Kangaroos football team was an American football team represented Austin College as a member of the Texas Conference during the 1935 college football season. Led by Bill Pierce in his first season as head coach, the team compiled an overall record of 7–2–2 with a mark of 4–0–2 in conference play, winning the program's first and only Texas Conference championship. Talmadge Crook was the team's captain. Austin lost its first two games of the season, both on the road. The first came in Commerce, Texas, to East Texas State, who finished the season as co-champions of the Lone Star Conference. The second was a 60–0 rout in Dallas by SMU, who won the Southwest Conference title and was recognized as a national champion.


1935 Australian Championships
The 1935 Australian Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on outdoor Grass courts at the Kooyong Stadium in Melbourne, Australia from 1 January to 14 January. It was the 28th edition of the Australian Championships (now known as the Australian Open), the 8th held in Melbourne, and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. Australian Jack Crawford and Dorothy Round from England won the singles titles.


1935 Australian Championships, Finals, Men's Doubles
Jack Crawford /  Vivian McGrath defeated  Pat Hughes /  Fred Perry 6–4, 8–6, 6–2


1935 Australian Championships, Finals, Women's Doubles
Evelyn Dearman /  Nancy Lyle defeated  Louie Bickerton /  Nell Hall Hopman  6–3, 6–4


1935 Australian Championships, Finals, Mixed Doubles
Louie Bickerton /  Christian Boussus defeated  Birdie Bond /  Vernon Kirby 1–6, 6–3, 6–3


1935 Australian Championships – Men's Doubles
The third seeds Jack Crawford and Vivian McGrath defeated the defending champions Pat Hughes and Fred Perry 6–4, 8–6, 6–2 in the final, to win the Men's Doubles tennis title at the 1935 Australian Championships.


1935 Australian Championships – Men's Doubles
In the first set of the final Hughes was the only player to lose his service. The Englishmen went off with a three-love lead in the second set and later they held three set points when leading 5-2. Crawford and McGrath saved it, won the next three games and – after Perry evened the games again – they took advantage off Hughes' double fault in the 13th to close this set winning the 14th to love. In the last three games of the mostly one-sided third set Australian pair lost only four points and sealed their victory with an ace.


1935 Australian Championships – Men's Doubles
Falling light caused a cessation of play in three matches in earlier rounds.


1935 Australian Championships – Men's Doubles
In the first round Bromwich and Huxley, colts from New South Wales, took a 2 sets to 1 lead against the first seeds Hughes and Perry. Because of the rain no matches were played the next day and this rubber was concluded three days later on Monday, 7 January. Defending champions fully recovered winning remaining two sets. The same day, in the quarterfinals, another match was not completed in which previous year finalists and the second seeds Quist and Turnbull trailed the Frenchmen Boussus and Brugnon two sets.


1935 Australian Championships – Men's Doubles
Two days later they improved accuracy and resorted to lobbing to win remaining three sets with relative ease. Later that day other quarterfinal match between Menzel/Moon and Hopman/Maier remain unfinished and the score stood at two sets all. The next day the latter pair won fifth set and went on to play their semifinals against Hughes/Perry.


1935 Australian Championships – Men's Singles
Jack Crawford defeated Fred Perry 2–6, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1935 Australian Championships.


1935 Australian Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Jack Crawford is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1935 Australian Championships – Mixed Doubles
In an all-unseeded final, Louie Bickerton and Christian Boussus defeated Birdie Bond and Vernon Kirby 1–6, 6–3, 6–3, to win the Mixed Doubles tennis title at the 1935 Australian Championships.


1935 Australian Championships – Mixed Doubles
Bond and Kirby won the first set with ease. The second one was interrupted by rain thrice, which got them out of their rhythm and opponents won three remaining games. In the last three games of the third set Bickerton/Boussus lost only two points.


1935 Australian Championships – Women's Doubles
The first seeds Evelyn Dearman and Nancy Lyle defeated Louie Bickerton and Nell Hopman 6–3, 6–4 in the wholly replayed final, to win the Women's Doubles tennis title at the 1935 Australian Championships.


1935 Australian Championships – Women's Doubles
The original final encounter had to be ceased because of falling light. The score stood at set all: 6–3, 2–6.


1935 Australian Championships – Women's Singles
First-seeded Dorothy Round defeated Nancy Lyle 1–6, 6–1, 6–3, in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1935 Australian Championships. The final was the first not to feature an Australian player and is the only all British final in the championship's history.


1935 Australian Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Dorothy Round is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1935 Australian Grand Prix
The 1935 Australian Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Phillip Island circuit in Victoria, Australia on 1 April 1935. The 200 mile race was organised by the Light Car Club of Australia and was open to cars with an engine capacity not exceeding 2000cc. It was the eighth Australian Grand Prix and the last to be staged at the Phillip Island circuit.


1935 Australian Grand Prix
Contested as a handicap race, it was won by Les Murphy, driving an MG P Type. Murphy started the race 29 minutes and 27 seconds ahead of the last starter, Bill Thompson, who finished second. Murphy's winning margin was 27 seconds. Thompson completed the race in the fastest actual time and set the fastest lap of the race.


1935 Australian Grand Prix, Race classification
The Team Prize was awarded to Lane's Motors which nominated Murphy, Thompson and McKay.


1935 Australian Labor Party leadership election
The Australian Labor Party held a leadership election on 1 October 1935, following the resignation of James Scullin. John Curtin was elected as his replacement, defeating Frank Forde and Norman Makin, and consequently became Leader of the Opposition.


1935 Australian Labor Party leadership election
Scullin had suffered persistent ill health for several years, and announced his intention to resign the leadership on 28 August 1935. A caucus meeting was held on 23 September, although Scullin was absent due to a bout of influenza; the meeting passed a motion asking him to continue as leader, which he subsequently declined. A second meeting was held on 1 October, at which Scullin formally resigned and called for a leadership ballot.


1935 Australian Labor Party leadership election
All 21 members of the Labor caucus voted, although three were overseas and voted by telegram; the nine Lang Labor members were ineligible to vote, as they had not yet reconciled with the main party. There were three candidates – deputy leader Frank Forde, John Curtin, and Norman Makin. On the first ballot, Makin (who was overseas) received only two votes, and was eliminated. It was reported that both Makin voters transferred their support to Curtin on the second ballot, who was elected by a single vote over Forde.


1935 Australian Labor Party leadership election
Curtin's victory was unexpected, as Forde was seen as the natural successor and had prior ministerial experience. Forde's association with the Scullin Government and support of the Premiers' Plan were believed to have played against him. Curtin was the first leader of a major political party to represent a constituency in Western Australia.


1935 Australian Race Drivers' Cup
The 1935 Australian Race Drivers' Cup was a motor race staged at the Phillip Island circuit in Victoria, Australia on 5 November 1935. The race was contested as an "all powers" handicap over a total distance of 116 miles. It was the first event to be held on a new and improved 3.312 mile triangular road course which replaced the previous six mile rectangular layout.


1935 Australian Race Drivers' Cup
The race, which was organised by the Australian Racing Drivers Club, was won by Les Burrows driving a Terraplane.


1935 BYU Cougars football team
The 1935 BYU Cougars football team was an American football team that represented Brigham Young University in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1935 college football season. In their eighth season under head coach G. Ott Romney, the Cougars compiled a 4–4 record (3–4 against RMC opponents), tied for sixth in the RMC, and were outscored by a total of 90 to 78.


1935 Bahamian general election
General elections were held in the Bahamas in 1935. This was the last entirely public ballot elections in the country.


1935 Balkan Cup
The 1935 Balkan Cup was the sixth Balkan Cup football tournament. The national teams of Yugoslavia, Greece, Bulgaria and Romania took part and it was won by Yugoslavia. The host of the tournament was Bulgaria. The top goalscorer was Liubomir Angelov from Bulgaria with 6 goals which come in the form of two hat-tricks.


1935 Ball State Cardinals football team
The 1935 Ball State Cardinals football team was an American football team that represented Ball State Teachers College (later renamed Ball State University) in the Indiana Intercollegiate Conference (IIC) during the 1935 college football season. In its first season under head coach John Magnabosco, the team compiled a 3–4–1 record (3–4–1 against IIC opponents), and finished in eighth place out of 15 teams in the conference.


1935 Baltic Cup
The 1935 Baltic Cup was held in Tallinn, Estonia at Kadrioru staadion on 20–22 August 1935. It was the seventh edition of the tournament. Lithuania won the tournament with a win over Estonia and a draw against Latvia.


1935 Baltimore mayoral election
The 1935 Baltimore mayoral election saw the reelection of Howard W. Jackson for a second consecutive and third overall term.


1935 Baylor Bears football team
The 1935 Baylor Bears football team represented Baylor University in the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1935 college football season. In their 10th season under head coach Morley Jennings, the Bears compiled an 8–3 record (3–3 against conference opponents), tied for third place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 122 to 75. They played their home games at Carroll Field in Waco, Texas. Wendell W. Simpson was the team captain.


1935 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1935 Belgian Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held at Spa-Francorchamps on 14 July 1935.


1935 Belgian Grand Prix, Notes
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1935 Belgian Grand Prix, Notes
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1935 Belgian Grand Prix, Notes
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1935 Belmont Stakes
The 1935 Belmont Stakes was the 67th running of the Belmont Stakes. It was the 29th Belmont Stakes held at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York and was held on June 8, 1935. With a field of five horses, Omaha, the winner of that year's Preakness Stakes and Kentucky Derby won the 1 1⁄2–mile race (12 f; 2.4 km) by 1 1⁄2 lengths over Firethorn.


1935 Belmont Stakes
Win the win, Omaha became the third Triple Crown champion.


1935 Big Ten Conference football season
The 1935 Big Ten Conference football season was the 40th season of college football played by the member schools of the Big Ten Conference (also known as the Western Conference) and was a part of the 1935 college football season.


1935 Big Ten Conference football season
The 1935 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team, under head coach Bernie Bierman, compiled an undefeated 8–0 record, outscored  opponents, 194 to 36, and has been recognized as the 1935 national champion by seven of the 13 selectors recognized as official by the NCAA. Tackle Ed Widseth was a consensus, first-team All-American.


1935 Big Ten Conference football season
The 1935 Ohio State Buckeyes football team, under head coach Francis Schmidt, compiled a 7–1 record, tied with Minnesota for the Big Ten championship, led the conference in scoring offense (29.6 points per game), and outscored opponents, 237 to 57. Ohio State's sole loss was to Notre Dame by an 18-13 score. Center Gomer Jones was a consensus, first-team All-American.


1935 Big Ten Conference football season
Chicago Maroons halfback Jay Berwanger was the first recipient of the Heisman Trophy, received the Chicago Tribune Silver Football as the Big Ten's most valuable player, and was the first player selected in the 1936 NFL Draft.


1935 Big Ten Conference football season, Season overview, Results and team statistics
KeyUP final = Rankings from UP sports writers. See 1935UP sports writers' pollPPG = Average of points scored per gamePAG = Average of points allowed per gameMVP = Most valuable player as voted by players on each team as part of the voting process to determine the winner of the Chicago Tribune Silver Football trophy


1935 Big Ten Conference football season, Season overview, Bowl games
No Big Ten teams participated in any bowl games during the 1935 season.


1935 Big Ten Conference football season, All-Big Ten players
The following players were picked by the Associated Press (AP), the United Press (UP) and/or the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA) as first-team players on the 1935 All-Big Ten Conference football team.


1935 Big Ten Conference football season, All-Americans
Three Big Ten players were selected as consensus first-team players on the 1935 College Football All-America Team. They were:


1935 Big Ten Conference football season, All-Americans
Other Big Ten players received first-team honors from at least one selector. They were:


1935 Big Ten Conference football season, 1936 NFL Draft
The following Big Ten players were among the first 100 players selected in the 1936 NFL Draft:


1935 Birmingham–Southern Panthers football team
The 1935 Birmingham–Southern Panthers football team was an American football team that represented Birmingham–Southern College as a member of the Dixie Conference during the 1935 college football season. In their eighth season under head coach Jenks Gillem, the team compiled a 2–6 record.


1935 Birthday Honours
The 1935 Birthday Honours for the British Empire were announced on 3 June 1935 to celebrate the Birthday and Silver Jubilee of King George V.


1935 Birthday Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1935 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)
The 1935 King's Birthday and Silver Jubilee Honours in New Zealand, celebrating the official birthday of King George V and the silver jubilee of his reign, were appointments made by the King to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. They were announced on 3 June 1935.


1935 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.


1935 Boston Braves season
The 1935 Boston Braves season was the 65th season of the franchise. The Braves finished with the worst record in the National League and the majors, with a record of 38 wins and 115 losses.


1935 Boston Braves season
In an attempt to make his dream come true to manage, Babe Ruth came to the Braves in February 1935. He was hired as vice president and assistant manager, and team owner Emil Fuchs promised Ruth a share of team profits.


1935 Boston Braves season, Regular season
On opening day, Babe Ruth was part of all of the Braves' runs in a 4–2 win over the New York Giants. However, Ruth was only a shadow of his former self. Although he had a fairly decent season in 1934, years of high living had begun taking their toll on his conditioning. His deterioration became more pronounced in early 1935. He couldn't run, and his fielding was so terrible that three of the Braves' pitchers threatened to go on strike if Ruth was in the lineup. A month into the season, Ruth stopped hitting as well.


1935 Boston Braves season, Regular season
It soon became obvious that Ruth's titles as vice president and assistant manager were mere window dressing, and that he was only on the team due to the attention he commanded. He also discovered that rather than give him a share of the Braves' profits, Fuchs expected him to invest some of his money in the team.


1935 Boston Braves season, Regular season
Seeing a team in utter collapse and realizing he was finished even as a part-time player, Ruth retired on June 1, six days after he had what remains one of the most memorable afternoons in baseball history. He clouted what turned out to be the last three home runs of his career in a game at Forbes Field while playing the Pittsburgh Pirates. He'd wanted to quit as early as May 12, but Fuchs wanted him to hang on so he could play in every National League park. Fuchs lost control of the team soon afterward.


1935 Boston Braves season, Regular season
Despite fielding essentially the same team that finished fourth a year earlier, the 1935 season quickly turned into a debacle. In fact, their Opening Day win was the only time they were over .500 all year. They won only four games in May, and by the time Ruth retired they were 9-27, their season all but finished. They ultimately finished 38–115, the worst season in franchise history. Their .248 winning percentage is tied for the seventh-worst in baseball history, and the sixth-worst in National League history.


1935 Boston Braves season, Regular season
It is the second-worst in modern baseball history (behind only the 1916 Philadelphia Athletics), and the worst in modern National League history. During the season, Braves pitcher Ben Cantwell would be the last pitcher in the 20th century to lose at least 25 games in one season. The only highlight was outfielder Wally Berger, who led the League in home runs (34) and RBIs (130).


1935 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1935 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1935 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Boston College Eagles football team
The 1935 Boston College Eagles football team represented Boston College during the 1935 college football season. The Eagles began the year led by head coach Dinny McNamara, but he resigned after four games due to illness. Former All-American Harry Downes coached the final five games. Boston College played their home games at Alumni Field in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. The team finished with a record of 9–3.


1935 Boston Red Sox season
The 1935 Boston Red Sox season was the 35th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished fourth in the American League (AL) with a record of 78 wins and 75 losses, 16 games behind the Detroit Tigers, who went on to win the 1935 World Series. This was the Red Sox' first season with more wins than losses since 1918.


1935 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1935 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1935 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Boston Red Sox season, Farm system
Shreveport franchise transferred to Gladewater and renamed, June 4, 1935


1935 Boston Redskins season
The 1935 Boston Redskins season was the franchise's 4th season in the National Football League . The team finished with a record of two wins, eight losses, and one tie, and finished in fourth place in the Eastern Division of the National Football League. They failed to qualify for the playoffs for the fourth consecutive season. A road game against the Philadelphia Eagles scheduled for November 17 was canceled due to snow and rain.


1935 Boston Redskins season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1935 Boston Redskins season, Standings
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1935 Boston Redskins season, Standings
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1935 Boston University Terriers football team
The 1935 Boston University Terriers football team was an American football team that represented Boston University as an independent during the 1935 college football season. In its second season under head coach Pat Hanley, the team compiled a 3–4–2 record and was outscored by a total of 87 to 77.


1935 Bowling Green Falcons football team
The 1935 Bowling Green Falcons football team was an American football team that represented Bowling Green State College (later renamed Bowling Green State University) in the Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) during the 1935 college football season. In its first season under head coach Harry Ockerman, the team compiled a 1–6 record, was shut out in its first six games, and was outscored in all games by a total of 246 to 25. Jim Greetham was the team captain.


1935 British Guiana general election
General elections were held in British Guiana on 3 September 1935.


1935 British Guiana general election, Electoral system
The elections were held in accordance with the 1928 constitution, which established the Legislative Council, reducing the proportion of elected members and increasing the number of members appointed by the government. The 30-member Legislative Council consisted of the Governor, two ex-officio members, eight official members, five unofficial members and 14 members elected in single-member constituencies.


1935 British Guiana general election, Aftermath
The first meeting of the newly elected Council was held on 15 October. As there were no elections until 1947, the elected Legislative Council became known as the "Long Parliament".


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition
Precipitated by unexpected permission from Tibet, the 1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition was planned at short notice as a preliminary to an attempt on the summit of Mount Everest in 1936. After exceptionally rancorous arguments involving the Mount Everest Committee in London, Eric Shipton was appointed leader following his successful trekking style of expedition to the Nanda Devi region in India in 1934.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition
Compared with what had gone before and what followed it was a small, low-cost affair. The approach was from the north side of the mountain and the climbing was planned to be after the monsoon. The monsoon was unusually late that year and, beset by the weather and in difficult conditions of snow, little was achieved regarding the summit. However, a very large number of lesser peaks were climbed for the first time and a southern route up the Western Cwm was identified as a possible line of approach if Nepal could ever be persuaded to change its policy of not admitting climbers.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition
Eventually, the expedition would have considerable influence on post-war British efforts on Everest from Nepal, with Shipton himself leading the 1951 southern reconnaissance.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Background
The British had been sending expeditions to Mount Everest since the 1921 reconnaissance but none had managed to reach the summit. These had been planned and financed by the Mount Everest Committee, a joint committee of the Royal Geographical Society and the Alpine Club. With the 1933 expedition a new team of climbers had reached as high as ever before and it was felt they had done well. Even if the leader, Hugh Ruttledge, had not been a conspicuous success, no criticisms of his leadership had been voiced.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Background
The mountaineering establishment did not think that the decision against using supplementary oxygen had contributed to the expedition not reaching the summit. Anyway, the Mount Everest Committee requested permission from  Tibet for a further attempt on the mountain and reappointed Ruttledge as leader. This did not please some people, particularly the younger climbers, who viewed the requirement to be the technical climbing of the mountain, to be led from the front, and not a geographical exploration planned and led by men with no recent experience of mountaineering.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Background
The mild-mannered Ruttledge (who was 50 years old and walked with a limp) took the brunt of the criticism and in March 1934 his offer to resign from the leadership was accepted by the committee which expressed its regret and said it was in any case unlikely there would be an expedition in the near future.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Background
When, completely unexpectedly in early 1935, the Tibetan government gave permission for Everest expeditions in 1935 and 1936, the committee decided to send out a reconnaissance  expedition to take place after the 1935 monsoon. There was too little time and money available to embark on anything more elaborate in that year. Purely out of courtesy, they offered the leadership to Ruttledge who caught them by surprise by accepting. This produced a storm of protest with a faction arising that supported for the leadership Colin Crawford (who had been on both the 1922 expedition and the 1933 expedition).


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Background
Taken aback, Ruttledge resigned again. Unable to continue with Ruttledge but unwilling to appoint Crawford, who many on the committee saw as the cause of the trouble, as late as March 1935 the leadership was being offered to at least seven other people, all of whom declined. The committee was forced into a difficult meeting to interview Ruttledge and Crawford for the position and the subsequent vote was a tie, resolved by the chairman voting for Ruttledge. Further rancour led to Crawford being removed from the committee, Strutt resigning in protest, and a number of resignations from the Alpine Club for its refusal to support Crawford's protest.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Shipton's and Tilman's involvement
Eric Shipton had been to Himalaya when he had taken part in the 1933 Everest expedition after which he and Lawrence Wager had travelled back to Sikkim separately from the rest of the party using an entirely unexplored route. This led to him favouring mountain climbing by trekking, with exploration being the main aim, rather than the type of large scale expedition such as the one he had just been on.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Shipton's and Tilman's involvement
The following year he and Bill Tilman led a lightweight trekking expedition  to the region of Nanda Devi and in so doing they became the first people to get into the Nanda Devi Sanctuary, which they did by ascending the Rishi Ganga gorge. Shipton and Tilman started planning a return trip for 1935, this time hoping to reach Nanda Devi's summit by its South Ridge.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Shipton's and Tilman's involvement
In February 1935, before that trip had been started, Shipton spoke about Nanda Devi at a Royal Geographical Society meeting and received a "rapturous" reception by a large audience who was attracted as much by his charisma as his mountaineering achievements. One aspect would turn out to be of great interest to the Everest Committee – the entire expedition had cost £287.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Shipton's and Tilman's involvement
Following Tibet's unexpected offer, the Mount Everest Committee decided on an attempt on the summit for 1936 but preceded by a reconnaissance in the current year. Tom Longstaff had been very praising of the Nanda Devi trek and so this approach would be used for 1935 on Everest. The reconnaissance could be mounted quickly and paid for out of the existing funds of £1,400 so that all the new funds raised could be allocated to the 1936 bid for the summit. Shipton was offered the leadership of the 1935 slot with Ruttledge's approval. He would not be able to reach the region before July which was expected to be after the start of the monsoon but this would allow the team to find out whether the monsoon snow had sufficiently consolidated.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Expedition preliminaries
As well as testing conditions during and after the monsoon, the expedition was to test likely climbers for 1936 and follow up the exploratory work of the 1921 reconnaissance. Explicitly there was to be no summit attempt and supplementary oxygen was not going to be used. Tilman initially regretted having to abandon the Nanda Devi summit attempt but Shipton persuaded him by the lightweight exploratory nature of what was being planned. Charles Warren and Edmund Wigram, both Cambridge medics, Edwin Kempson a Cambridge mathematician, and Dan Bryant, an ice climber from New Zealand agreed to take part.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Expedition preliminaries
Shipton considered this complement quite ample but he found he had a surveyor, Michael Spender added to the team. Spender had made himself extremely unpopular on earlier expeditions due to his conceit and there were rumours that his inclusion was due to mischief making. All the same, Shipton and Spender became close friends.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Expedition preliminaries
Shipton deplored the extravagant lifestyle practised by the earlier British expeditions. He consulted a nutritionist at the Lister Institute to determine an efficient diet producing 4000 Calories a day in conjunction with locally sourced food. Lentils, dried vegetables and powdered milk were on the menu with the addition of cod liver oil along with ascorbic acid and ferrous sulphate tablets.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Expedition preliminaries
This contrasted with the caviare, foie gras, quails' eggs and lobster of 1933 and even Shipton later admitted "In 1935 I went rather too far the other way: it was bad policy to force people who were quite unused to rough food to make such a complete break with their normal diet."


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Expedition preliminaries
The team members reached India and met at Darjeeling on 21 May 1935. With the help of Karma Paul, who had been on all the Everest expeditions since 1922, they engaged fourteen Sherpas but Shipton decided he needed perhaps a couple more and a nineteen-year-old was selected. He was completely inexperienced in mountaineering but was chosen according to Shipton largely because of his attractive grin – Tenzing Norgay. The party headed north through Sikkim into Tibet and then travelled west towards Everest on a route through Sar – further south and nearer to Nepal than earlier expeditions had used.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Expedition preliminaries
When they reached the Nyonno Ri () and Ama Drime () mountains they split into three groups for exploration. This had all been contrary to the stipulations in their passports issued by Tibet and they were ordered back north through Gyankar Nangpar and onto the traditional road. Earlier from Nyonno Ri they had had a fine view of Everest in unusually good weather conditions and it has since been speculated that, had they made a dash for the summit, they might have succeeded. However, Shipton made no such bid, and indeed it was forbidden by his passport and by the remit of the expedition. They reached Rongbuk Monastery on 4 July.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, North Col
Leaving Spender to survey the region of the North Face, the party ascended the East Rongbuk Glacier to reach the foot of the North Col on 8 July – in good time despite general poor health. Bryant had been particularly ill – he had lost 14 pounds (6.4 kg) in three days – so he descended to Rongbuk. While moving camp III slightly higher they discovered the remains of Maurice Wilson, the eccentric British solo climber who had died in 1934.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, North Col
They went on to set up camp next to a food dump that had been left in 1933 – Carlsbad plums from Fortnum and Mason and chocolate were now added to the menu much to the relief of most of the party. The old route up to the col was this year not passable so they took a line to the right that then required a long traverse. They reached the 23,030-foot (7,020 m) Col at a second attempt on 12 July but from there upward there was continuous heavy monsoon snow and conditions underfoot proved impossible.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, North Col
On 16 July they started to descend from the Col. Reaching the traverse they found there had been an immense avalanche which had carried away both old and new snow to a depth of about 6 feet (2 m) and this showed that their ascent had actually been very hazardous. They reached camp III safety but decided that any further attempt on the Col was far too dangerous. Whilst this had been going on Spender had been surveying and Wigram and Tilman had climbed the Lhakpa La and its two flanking peaks. Lhakpa La is the col that was traversed by the 1921 expedition after ascending the Kharta valley.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Peak bagging
The party then split up to take part in what Shipton described as "a veritable orgy of mountain climbing". Two teams separately climbed the 23,640-foot (7,210 m) Khartaphu. Then Kempson and Warren climbed the 23,070-foot (7,030 m) Kharta Changri and two other nearby peaks while Spender surveyed that region and also while Shipton, Wigram and Tilman climbed 23,190-foot (7,070 m) Kellas Rock Peak and three more mountains. All the peaks, including those mentioned in passing, are over 21,000 feet (6,400 m).


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Peak bagging
Kempson had to return home but the rest of the party divided into three mountaineering pairs. Spender and Warren continued the survey. Shipton and Bryant travelled to the West Rongbuk Glacier to make first ascents of Lingtren and its outliers and Lingtrennup. Looking down to the Western Cwm in Nepal Shipton thought this might provide a route worth exploring for a southern attempt on Everest's summit.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Peak bagging
Tilman and Wigram went up the main Rongbuk Glacier to Lho La from where they decided that the West Ridge provided no way to the summit and that from the Lho La itself there was no means of descent to the Western Cwm. They all met up on at Rongbuk on 14 August from where they all attempted the 24,730-foot (7,540 m)Changtse but had to give up at 23,000 feet (7,000 m) because of snow. The Changtse attempt had been deliberately delayed to test high-altitude snow conditions at different stages of the monsoon.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Peak bagging
Returning to Rongbuk, they trekked across country to the Kharta valley hoping to again explore Nyonno Ri but this was forbidden by the authorities. On the border of Tibet and Sikkim they climbed in the Dodang Nyima range before getting back to Darjeeling.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Sighting the Western Cwm and Solu Khumbu
In 1921 George Mallory and Guy Bullock had reached an unnamed col between Pumori and Lingtren and Mallory reported on looking down on the Western Cwm "However, we have seen this Western Glacier and are not sorry we have not to go up it. It is terribly steep and broken." Shipton and Bryant reached the same point on 9 August 1935 but, despite waiting several hours, mist prevented any view of the Cwm.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Sighting the Western Cwm and Solu Khumbu
They again reached the col on 11 August and on this occasion the mist cleared after many hours and they were able to get the first photograph of the Khumbu Icefall leading up to the Western Cwm. Bryant wrote "A westerly spur of Nuptse curled round to the north thus squeezing the glacier of the upper basin into a narrow lip over which it poured in a gigantic ice-fall, a wild tumble of contorted ice, to the Khumbu Glacier 2,000 feet below.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Sighting the Western Cwm and Solu Khumbu
The cwm itself must be an amazing place, completely ringed in as it is, except for that narrow entrance, by a mountain wall nowhere less than 25,000 feet high." Shipton reported how the Sherpas became quite excited as they recognised landmarks in their homeland, the Solu Khumbu. He said of the route up the icefall and cwm "it did not look impossible, and I should very much like to have the opportunity one day of exploring it".


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Achievements and legacy
The expedition had succeeded in climbing 26 peaks of over 20,000 feet (6,100 m) – as many as had been achieved by all previous mountaineering expeditions put together. Of these, 24 were first ascents. In 1994 Warren remembered, "This surely must have been one of the most enjoyable of all the expeditions to Mount Everest. It was small and achieved the objectives set for it at little cost." Judged in these ways, and by the surveying results achieved, the expedition was a success but one that never caught the imagination of the press or public – it was the only pre-war British expedition that did not publish a book afterwards.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Achievements and legacy
The expedition's experiences led to some questionable conclusions being drawn. The monsoon conditions had been bad and climbing had not been possible over 23,000 feet (7,000 m). Also, it was not realised that in 1935 the monsoon had been exceptionally late (starting 26 June) – at this time the timing of the monsoon was not really understood at all. The intended pre-monsoon 1936 expedition was wrecked by the particularly early monsoon that started that year on 25 May.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Achievements and legacy
All this led to no post-monsoon attempts being made on Everest until the Swiss expedition in the autumn of 1952 (see also 1975 British Mount Everest Southwest Face expedition) and it was only gradually discovered that the post-monsoon period is not necessarily unfavourable. The lightweight approach had, in itself, not been a clear success. Everest expeditions, and especially British-led ones, reverted to the large scale military type and this was to continue into the 1970s. Tilman and Bryant had not coped at all well above 23,000 feet (7,000 m) and so they were ruled out for 1936.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Achievements and legacy
It was not understood at that time that a climber's acclimatisation can vary greatly from year to year. Tilman was to prove this point because in 1936 he and Noel Odell were to make the first ascent of the 25,645-foot (7,817 m) Nanda Devi, the highest mountain climbed until Annapurna in 1950.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Achievements and legacy
The expedition was to have an unlikely influence on the 1953 British Mount Everest expedition, the first time the summit was reached. Tenzing Norgay had been impressive in 1935 – in future years he went on to be Sherpa many times on Everest, including on the 1952 Swiss Mount Everest expeditions. In fact he was on all the subsequent British expeditions, including 1936 and 1938, culminating in his reaching the summit of Everest in 1953.


1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, Achievements and legacy
On the 1935 occasion New Zealander Dan Bryant had not been good at altitude but he had become very popular and particularly well-respected by the rest of the party. When Shipton was assembling his team for the 1951 Everest reconnaissance he received an application from an unknown New Zealander at a time when British climbers were strongly favoured. With happy memories of Bryant, Shipton personally decided to appoint the New Zealander later writing, "My momentary caprice was to have far reaching results". Following his success in 1951, Ed Hillary was invited back to Everest in 1953.


1935 Brooklyn Dodgers (NFL) season
The 1935 Brooklyn Dodgers season was their sixth in the National Football League. The team improved on their previous season's output of 4–7, winning five games. They failed to qualify for the playoffs for the fourth consecutive season.


1935 Brooklyn Dodgers (NFL) season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1935 Brooklyn Dodgers season
The 1935 Brooklyn Dodgers finished the season in fifth place, with their third straight losing season.


1935 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1935 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1935 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Brooklyn Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1935 Brown Bears football team
The 1935 Brown Bears football team represented Brown University during the 1935 college football season.


1935 Brownlow Medal
The 1935 Brownlow Medal was the 12th year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Victorian Football League (VFL) home and away season. Haydn Bunton of the Fitzroy Football Club won the medal by polling twenty-five votes during the 1935 VFL season.


1935 Bucknell Bison football team
The 1935 Bucknell Bison football team was an American football team that represented Bucknell University as an independent during the 1935 college football season. In its second season under head coach Edward Mylin, the team compiled a 6–3 record.


1935 Bucknell Bison football team
The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.


1935 Buffalo Bulls football team
The 1935 Buffalo Bulls football team was an American football team that represented the University at Buffalo as an independent during the 1935 college football season. In its second and final season under head coach George Van Bibber, the team compiled a 2–6 record. The team played its home games at Rotary Field in Buffalo, New York.


1935 Bulgarian State Football Championship
The Bulgarian State Football Championship in the 1935 was contested by 13 clubs and was won by Sportklub Sofia. Its format was based on the principle of direct elimitation until 1944, when a league format was adopted and the tournament name was changed to the Bulgarian Republic Football Championship.


1935 CCNY Beavers football team
The 1935 CCNY Beavers football team was an American football team that represented the City College of New York (CCNY) as an independent during the 1935 college football season. In their second season under head coach Benny Friedman, the team compiled a 4–3 record.


1935 Cal Aggies football team
The 1935 Cal Aggies football team represented the Northern Branch of the College of Agriculture in the 1935 college football season. The team was known as either the Cal Aggies or California Aggies, and competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC).


1935 Cal Aggies football team
The Aggies were led by eighth-year head coach Irv "Crip" Toomey. They played home games at A Street field on campus in Davis, California. The Aggies finished with a record of two wins, six losses and one tie (2–6–1, 1–3 FWC). The Aggies were outscored by their opponents 47–199 for the 1935 season. In only one game did the Aggies score more than a touchdown.


1935 Cal Aggies football team, NFL Draft
No Cal Aggies players were selected in the 1936 NFL Draft.


1935 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
The 1935 Cal Poly Mustangs football team represented California Polytechnic School during the 1935 college football season. Cal Poly was a two-year school until 1941, and competed as an independent from 1929 to 1945.


1935 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
The team was led by third-year head coach Howie O'Daniels and played home games at the new Mustang Stadium in San Luis Obispo, California. They finished the season with a record of five wins, two losses and one tie (5–2–1). Overall, the Mustangs outscored their opponents 92–35 for the season, including four shutout wins.


1935 Calgary Bronks season
The 1935 Calgary Bronks season was the first in franchise history where the team finished in 1st place in the Alberta Rugby Football Union with a 2–0 division record. The Bronks played in the Western Title game, but lost to the eventual Grey Cup champion, the Winnipegs.


1935 Calgary municipal election
The 1935 Calgary municipal election was held on November 20, 1935, to elect a Mayor and six Aldermen to sit on Calgary City Council. Along with positions on Calgary City Council, three trustees for the Public School Board, and three trustees for the Separate School Board were elected. Nominations closed on November 4, 1935.