193d Special Operations Squadron, History, Pennsylvania Air National Guard, Special operations
In the mid-1980s, along with all other USAF special operations units, it was assigned to the 23d Air Force of the Military Airlift Command (MAC). In 1990, the 193d joined the newly formed Air Force Special Operations Command, and the wing's aircraft were redesignated Commando Solo, with no change in mission.


193d Special Operations Squadron, History, Pennsylvania Air National Guard, Special operations
In 1990–91, Commando Solo was deployed to Saudi Arabia and Turkey in support of Operations Desert Shield and DESERT STORM. Its missions included broadcasting the "Voice of the Gulf" and other highly successful programs intended to convince Iraqi soldiers to surrender. In 1994, Commando Solo was used to broadcast radio and TV messages to the citizens and leaders of Haiti during Operation Uphold Democracy. President Jean-Bertrand Aristide was featured in these broadcasts, which contributed to the orderly transition from military rule to democracy.


193d Special Operations Squadron, History, Pennsylvania Air National Guard, Special operations
Continuing its tradition, in 1997 the 193 SOW and Commando Solo supported the United Nations' Operation Joint Guard with radio and TV broadcasts over Bosnia-Herzegovina in support of stabilization forces operations. In 1998, the unit and its aircraft participated in Operation Desert Thunder, a deployment to Southwest Asia to convince Iraq to comply with U.N. Security Council resolutions. The Commando Solo was again sent into action in 1999 in support of Operation Allied Force. The aircraft was tasked to broadcast radio and television into Kosovo to prevent ethnic cleansing and assist in the expulsion of the Serbs from the region. In 2001, the Commando Solo aircraft broadcast messages to the local Afghan population and Taliban soldiers during Operation Enduring Freedom.


193d Special Operations Squadron, History, Pennsylvania Air National Guard, Special operations
In 2003, the Commando Solo was deployed to the Middle East in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Most recently, the EC-130J was redeployed to the Middle East in support of the War on Terror.


193rd Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF
The 193rd (Nova Scotia Highlanders) Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War. Based in Truro, Nova Scotia, the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915/16 throughout Nova Scotia, one Cyril Wetmore recruiting more than 100 men "from Parrsboro to Apple River." After sailing to England in October 1916, the battalion was absorbed into the 17th Reserve Battalion on January 20, 1917.


193rd Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF
The 193rd Battalion had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. R. J. S. Langford, later commander of the Royal Canadian Regiment (1929-1935) and co-author of Corporal to Field Officer and Handbook of Canadian Military Law.


193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 193rd Glider Infantry Regiment was an airborne infantry regiment of the United States Army during World War II. It was part of the 17th Airborne Division and fought during the Battle of the Bulge.


193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (United States), Formation
The 193rd Glider Infantry Regiment was created during World War II on 16 December 1942. It was officially formed at Camp Mackall, North Carolina on 15 April 1943 under the command of Colonel Maurice G. Stubbs. The regiment was assigned to the 17th Airborne Division and sailed to England in 1944 in preparation for fighting on the Western Front.


193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
During Operation Market Garden in September 1944, the 17th Airborne Division was held in reserve, and continued to train at Camp Chisleden in England. Almost three months later, on 16 December, the German Army launched a surprise attack, known as the Battle of the Bulge and the 17th Airborne Division, including the 193rd Glider Infantry Regiment, were finally sent to combat. The 17th Airborne Division was attached to General George Patton's U.S. Third Army and ordered to immediately close in at Mourmelon-le-Grand Airfield. After taking over the defense of the Meuse River sector from Givet to Verdun on 25 December, the 17th Airborne Division moved to Neufchateau, Belgium, then marched through the snow to Morhet, relieving the U.S. 28th Infantry Division on 3 January 1945 and establishing a Division Command Post.


193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
A howling blizzard with below freezing temperatures greeted the 193rd on the morning of 4 January 1945. Patton had ordered the 17th Airborne Division to seize the town of Flamierge where the 11th Armored and the 87th Infantry Divisions had encountered brutal resistance from the Germans. Two regiments, the 513th Parachute Infantry on the right and the 194th Glider Infantry on the left attacked the town of Flamierge while the 193rd GIR and the 507th Parachute Infantry Regiment were held in reserve to counter an anticipated German panzer counterattack.


193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
In the ensuing days, the 193rd GIR, as well as the rest of the 17th Airborne Division, would gain their baptism of fire that would have tested the mettle of the most experienced airborne units. The fighting was so intense that the area would forever be called "Dead Man's Ridge" because of the high casualty count sustained in order to take the strongly defended German emplacements.


193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
By 11 January the German lines were crumbling and all of the 17th Airborne units regrouped except for the 193rd which drove on with American armored units to seize the town of Houffalize. On 16 January the 193rd rejoined the rest of the 17th Airborne and relieved the 11th Armored Division in pursuit of the 9th Panzer Division, the Panzer Lehr Division, and the 26th Infantry Division. This took the 17th Airborne through Flamizoulle, Gives and on to Bertogne as the Germans continued retreating toward the Siegfried Line.


193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
Beyond Bertogne, 193rd GIR split into "Task Force Stubbs" and "Task Force Bell" with the combined objective of seizing the town of Compogne and the high ground in its immediate vicinity. Turning east from that area the 193rd along with the 507th PIR led the continuing attack across Luxembourg to the Our River on the border of Germany. The German 5th Parachute Division made a vain attempt to maintain a bridgehead at the Our but the 507th managed to cross into Germany and probe the Siegfried Line.


193rd Glider Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
The 17th Airborne Division was finally relieved by the 6th Armored Division and returned to camp at Chalons-sur-Marne in France on 11 February 1945. The 193rd Glider Infantry Regiment was disbanded on 1 March 1945 in Belgium in a reorganization of the XVIII Airborne Corps, of which the 17th Airborne Division formed a part. The 550th Airborne Infantry Battalion was also disbanded. Both units had suffered heavy casualties during the Ardennes Campaign and the remaining troopers were consolidated into the 3rd Battalion of the 194th Glider Infantry Regiment.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States)
The 193rd Infantry Brigade is a United States Army infantry brigade, which was originally constituted in the Army's organized reserves on 24 June 1922 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 193rd Infantry Brigade and assigned to the 97th Division. The brigade was reorganized and reconstituted in February 1942 as the 97th Reconnaissance Troop, 97th Division. In February 1943, the Troop was ordered to active military service and organized at Camp Swift, Texas. Reorganized and redesignated October 1945 as the 97th Mechanized Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), World War II
The 97th Reconnaissance Troop landed at Le Havre, France, 2 March 1945 as part of the 97th Infantry Division. The Division crossed the German border west of Aachen and took up a defensive position along the west bank of the Rhine River opposite Düsseldorf, engaging in patrolling. The division then entered the battle of the Ruhr pocket, crossing the Rhine near Bonn and taking up a position on the southern bank of the Siege River. It crossed that river against light resistance and fought a street-to-street engagement in Siegburg.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), World War II
Pushing on toward Düsseldorf through difficult terrain and heavy resistance in densely wooded areas, the Division captured Solingen. Düsseldorf fell on the next day and the Ruhr pocket was eliminated. 97th Reconnaissance Troop played a vital role in the Ruhr campaign. Besides its customary reconnaissance and patrolling duties, the unit once was charged with protecting the entire left flank of the division.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), World War II
Moving to protect the left flank of the Third Army on its southern drive, the 97th Division took Cheb, Czechoslovakia and attacked the Czechoslovak pocket near Weiden, Germany. It had advanced to Konstantinovy Lázně, Czechoslovakia, when it received the cease-fire order on 7 May 1945. The Division left for Le Havre, 16 June 1945, for redeployment to the Pacific, arriving at Cebu, Philippines, 16 September, and then sailed to Japan for occupation duty, arriving at Yokohama 23 September.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), World War II
97th Mechanized Reconnaissance Troop inactivated March 1946 in Japan. (Organized Reserves redesignated 25 March 1948 as the Organized Reserve Corps; redesignated 9 July 1952 as the Army Reserve.) Converted and redesignated July 1962 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 193rd Infantry Brigade and relieved from assignment to the 97th Infantry Division.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
In 1961, after the abortive Bay of Pigs Invasion and rumors of Soviet assistance to Cuba, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara decided to bolster available U.S. Army forces in the Caribbean area. The Army replaced the battle group in the Panama Canal Zone with the 193d Infantry Brigade, which was activated on 8 August 1962.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
Through most of the period of its assignment to the Canal Zone, the 193d included the following units:


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
Additionally, there were other units, such as the School of the Americas (Fort Gulick), 3d Battalion, 7th Special Forces (Fort Gulick), and Jungle Operations Training Center (Fort Sherman) that were not assigned to the 193d but had an habitual relationship and rating scheme for their commanders and/or senior officers tantamount to assignment.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
There were other units assigned at different times. For example, the brigade had, for most of the 1960s a mixed HAWK missile and M42 Duster battalion, 4th Battalion, 517th Artillery (Battery A at Fort Davis, Dusters; Battery B, Fort Clayton, Dusters; Battery C, HAWKs, Flamenco Island; and Battery D, HAWK, Fort Sherman). The brigade was also staffed heavily enough as to permit it to command the 92d and 53d Infantry Brigades (Separate) from the Puerto Rico and Florida National Guard, respectively.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
In 1977, in order to improve command and control over the numerous combat support and combat service support units, the 193d Combat Support Battalion (CSB) was activated within the brigade. The 193d CSB commanded a wide variety of units, to include the 193d Military Intelligence Company (Combat Electronic Warfare and Intelligence - CEWI), the 1097th Transportation Company (Medium Boat), and even a field artillery unit (Battery D, 320th FA).


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
In October 1983, the 1st and 2d Battalions, 187th Infantry were assigned to the 193d Infantry Brigade in Panama as a result of reflagging the 4th Battalion, 10th Infantry and the 3d Battalion, 5th Infantry, respectively. Company A, 2d Battalion, 187th Infantry was on jump status and later this was expanded to the entire battalion. During a realignment of the United States Army's combat forces in 1987 the colors of the 1st and 2d Battalions were inactivated in Panama and reactivated at Fort Campbell, KY. This resulted in 2-187th being reflagged as the 1st Battalion (Airborne), 508th Infantry while 1-187th was reflagged as the 5th Battalion, 87th Infantry.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
Beginning in early 1988, after the first coup attempt against Noriega failed, life for the soldiers and families of the Brigade became increasingly difficult due to civil unrest in Panama City and harassment by the Panama Defense Force. Movements off post were often restricted, armed confrontations occurred frequently and quality of life declined. Panamanian provocations, intended to deny freedom of movement rights that were guaranteed by treaty, steadily escalated. Americans were increasingly detained without charges and held without communication.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
At one point, several school buses full of dependent children on the way to school were commandeered by the PDF and held for hours. This harassment culminated after the abortive Panamanian elections during the summer of 1989, when all off-post personnel were moved on-post, resulting in families having to double or triple up in on-post quarters.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
As part of the fall-out from the aborted Panamanian elections, the Army sent a package of augmentation forces to Panama (Operation NIMROD DANCER)- which included a mechanized battalion from the 5th Infantry Division (Mechanized), based at Fort Polk, Louisiana; this battalion was attached to the Brigade, forming Task Force Bayonet. Later in the fall of 1989, the Brigade instituted an intensive training program to prepare for combat operations, which seemed increasingly likely after the failure of the second coup, in October. In December 1989, two years of diplomatic tension between Panama and the United States came to a head.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
In a speech to a gathering of his supporters, General Manuel Noriega – the head of the PDF and de facto dictator of Panama – declared that a state of war existed between the United States and Panama. This might well have been dismissed as simply more of his defiant, anti-US rhetoric, were it not for two events that followed within a matter of hours.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama
A U.S. Marine officer was shot and killed at a PDF checkpoint, and then a U.S. Navy officer and his wife in the following car were arrested, taken to the Commandancia and beaten and abused for several hours. In light of this series of events, President George Bush ordered the invasion of Panama, codenamed Operation Just Cause, to protect American lives and property, and to permit the inauguration of the winners of the previous summer's elections.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama, Operation JUST CAUSE
The mission of the 193d, tactically organized as Task Force Bayonet, was twofold. The defensive component required the protection of an extensive complex of US military bases, family housing tracts and Panama Canal Commission facilities that stretched over an area of 20 kilometers. This included protection of the vital Miraflores and Pedro Miguel lock complexes. Simultaneously, the Brigade was responsible for an offensive area of operations that encompassed half of Panama City and its 1.1 million inhabitants.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama, Operation JUST CAUSE
Within this area, the Brigade's initial offensive task was to isolate and eliminate all PDF units (police, military and para-military) in the areas Fort Amador, Ancon Hill, Balboa, and Chorrillo. Of primary importance was the Commandancia, which was to be taken in a coup de main. Other objectives within this area included: the PDF's Engineer Battalion compound, that part of Fort Amador occupied by the PDF 5th Company and the Panamanian Army headquarters; the Balboa and Ancon DENI (Panama's National Defense of Investigations) and Balboa Department of Transportation (DNTT) stations.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama, Operation JUST CAUSE
Although the 193d Infantry Brigade (Light) was, by TO&E, only a small brigade, as a result of various augmentations leading up to JUST CAUSE, in its role as TF Bayonet it ended up being the largest brigade-sized task force in JUST CAUSE. The various units that comprised TF Bayonet on D-Day were:


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama, Operation JUST CAUSE
Note that TF Bayonet had neither an organic forward support battalion nor normal combat service support units, as was doctrine at the time. Limited support was provided by the 41st Area Support Group (which had theater-wide responsibilities), but lacking a dedicated Forward Support Battalion, the Brigade's logistical support operations were significantly strained. A fifth maneuver battalion had originally been slated for TF Bayonet, for the purpose of having a two-battalion attack at the Commandancia – which was to be the main attack of JUST CAUSE. However, JTF-SOUTH reallocated this battalion to the other side of the Isthmus.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama, Operation JUST CAUSE
Ironically, as JTF-SOUTH was doing this, Noriega was beefing up defenses at the Commandancia. Half of the PDF 6th Company, most of the PDF 7th Company and elements of the PDF Bn 2000 were moved to the Commandancia in the two months leading up to JUST CAUSE, replacing the unit that had led the second coup attempt.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama, Operation JUST CAUSE
At 1800 hours, 19 December 1989, TF Bayonet received from JTF-SOUTH the order to execute Operation JUST CAUSE, with an H-Hour of 0100 hours, 20 December. Because the JUST CAUSE OPLAN had been classified at the top secret level, only a small number of the Brigade's leaders were familiar with its contents.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama, Operation JUST CAUSE
After combat operation ceased, a political decision to rapidly drawdown US forces to their pre-invasion levels had an unexpected impact on the 193d; in order to reach that level, USSOUTHCOM directed that the Brigade's field artillery battery be inactivated and its personnel – and their families – be immediately shipped out of country. During this period TF Bayonet became what is believed to be the largest combat brigade-sized unit in post-WWII history, controlling at one period seven infantry battalions – just two shy of what a full division commanded at the time. It managed this task – over the extreme distances noted above – without the benefit of a dedicated support battalion, and the logistical improvisation required was little short of genius.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Panama, Operation JUST CAUSE
Within several more months, the rest of the augmentation forces were withdrawn. The 193d Infantry Brigade however, remained in Panama and continued to provide a military presence. On 14 October 1994 after more than 32 years of providing ground defense for Panama, 193d Infantry Brigade was 'honored' as the first major unit to inactivate in accordance with the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, treaty implementation plan, which mandated U.S. Forces withdrawal from Panama by December 1999.


193rd Infantry Brigade (United States), Current mission
On 31 January 2007, the 193rd Infantry Brigade was reactivated at Fort Jackson, South Carolina with the mission to conduct basic combat training for new entrants to the Army. It has replaced the 171st Infantry Brigade in this task; however, both the 193d and 171st (inactivated 10 June 2016) have a headquarters and personnel on post.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
The 193rd Division (Chinese: 第193师) was created in February of 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 22nd Brigade, 8th Column, 2nd Army Group of Huabei Military Region. Its history could be traced to the famous 1st Division of Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
The division was composed of 577th, 578th and 579th Infantry Regiments. As a part of 65th Corps the division took part in major battles during the Chinese Civil War, including the Pingjin Campaign, Lanzhou Campaign and Ningxia Campaign.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In December 1950, Artillery Regiment, 193rd Division was activated. Since 1952 the regiment was renamed as 573rd Artillery Regiment. In 1952 the division was renamed as the 193rd Infantry Division (Chinese: 步兵第193师).


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In February 1951 the division entered Korea as a part of People's Volunteer Army. During its deployment in Korea the division took part in the Fifth Phase Offensive and several major battles, during which it allegedly inflicted 8960 casualties to confronting UN Forces (including 86 POWs). In October 1953 the division pulled out from Korea.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In November 1953, 398th Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment was activated. By then the division was composed of:


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In April 1960 the division was renamed as the 193rd Army Division (Chinese: 陆军第193师).


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In September 1968, 398th Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment was detached from the division and joined 7th Tank Division as 28th Tank Regiment. In December 1969, 573rd Artillery Regiment was renamed as Artillery Regiment, 193rd Army Division.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In 1985, the division was renamed as the 193rd Infantry Division (Chinese: 步兵第193师) again, and reorganized as a northern motorized infantry division, catalogue A. Tank Regiment, 193rd Infantry Division was activated from HQ and 1st Battalion, 22nd Tank Regiment, 6th Tank Division, Independent Tank Battalion of 1st and 4th Garrison Division of Beijing Military Region. Anti - Aircraft Artillery Regiment, 193rd Infantry Division was also activated.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In 1998 578th Motorized Infantry Regiment was disbanded. Tank Regiment, 193rd Infantry Division was reorganized as Armored Regiment, 193rd Infantry Division.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In 2010, 577th Motorized Infantry Regiment was re-equipped with ZSL-92B APCs and converted to a mechanized infantry regiment.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In late 2011 the division was split into two brigades: the 193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (Chinese: 机械化步兵第193旅) and 194th Mechanized Infantry Brigade. Until then the division was composed of:


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In April 2017 the brigade was renamed as the 193rd Medium Combined Arms Brigade (Chinese: 中型合成第193旅), while the 194th was renamed as the 194th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade (Chinese: 重型合成第194旅).


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
The 193rd brigade is now a maneuver part of the PLA 83rd Group Army.


193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)
The 194th brigade is now a maneuver part of the PLA 81st Group Army.


193rd New York State Legislature
The 193rd New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 6, 1999, to December 31, 2000, during the fifth and sixth years of George Pataki's governorship, in Albany.


193rd New York State Legislature, Background
Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1938 and the U.S. Supreme Court decision to follow the One man, one vote rule, re-apportioned in 1992 by the Legislature, 61 Senators and 150 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts for two-year terms. Senate and Assembly districts consisted of approximately the same number of inhabitants, the area being apportioned contiguously without restrictions regarding county boundaries.


193rd New York State Legislature, Elections
The New York state election, 1998, was held on November 3.


193rd New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the first regular session (the 222md) at the State Capitol in Albany on January 6, 1999; and recessed indefinitely on


193rd New York State Legislature, Sessions
Joseph Bruno (Rep.) was re-elected Temporary President of the Senate.


193rd New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the second regular session (the 223rd) at the State Capitol in Albany on January 5, 2000; and recessed indefinitely on


193rd New York State Legislature, State Senate, Senators
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. John Bonacic and Patricia McGee changed from the Assembly to the Senate at the beginning of this legislature.


193rd New York State Legislature, State Senate, Senators
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


193rd New York State Legislature, State Assembly, Assembly members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature.


193rd New York State Legislature, State Assembly, Assembly members
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


193rd Ohio Infantry Regiment
The 193rd Ohio Infantry Regiment, sometimes 193rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 193rd OVI) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


193rd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 193rd Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Chase in Columbus, Ohio in March, 1865, and mustered in for one year service under the command of Colonel Eugene Powell.


193rd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was ordered to Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, and assigned to 2nd Brigade, 1st Provisional Division, Army of the Shenandoah, March 20. Marched to Charleston March 21, and duty there until April 4. Transferred to 2nd Brigade, 2nd Provisional Division, March 27. Moved to Winchester April 4, and duty there until August 1865.


193rd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 193rd Ohio Infantry mustered out of service August 4, 1865, at Winchester, Virginia.


193rd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 29 enlisted men during service, all due to disease.


193rd Special Operations Wing
The 193rd Special Operations Wing (193 SOW) is a unit of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard, stationed at Harrisburg International Airport, Middletown, Pennsylvania. The Wing is gained by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania when in a "state" status, as well as by the United States Air Force and Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) in its Federal capacity as part of the Air National Guard.


193rd Special Operations Wing, Mission
The 193rd SOW's primary wartime and contingency operations mission is to broadcast radio and television signals to target populations from an airborne transmitter, jamming existing television and radio signals where necessary. Messages are not developed within the wing itself, but are provided by staff of the United States Army's 4th Psychological Operations Group (Airborne), based at Fort Bragg, North Carolina.


193rd Special Operations Wing, History
On 15 October 1964, the 140th Air Transport Squadron was authorized to expand to a group level by the National Guard Bureau. However, due to a designation conflict with an existing 140th Fighter Group with the Colorado ANG, the units designation was changed to the 168th Air Transport Squadron, being assigned to the new 168th Air Transport Group as its flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 168th Headquarters, 168th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 168th Combat Support Squadron, and the 168th USAF Dispensary.


193rd Special Operations Wing, History, Special operations
Threatened by the closure of Olmsted Air Force Base (now Harrisburg Air National Guard Base) and by the downsizing of all conventionally powered transport aircraft, the National Guard Bureau volunteered the unit for a psychological warfare capability named "Coronet Solo" in 1967. Following the Arab-Israeli War of June 1967, psychological warfare once again became a U.S. military priority. The unit was again re-designated as the 193rd Tactical Electronic Warfare Group and transferred to Tactical Air Command (TAC). Four of its C-121s were converted to EC-121S Coronet Solos for its electronic warfare mission. In 1970 the unit deployed two EC-121 aircraft to Korat Royal Thai Ai Base for a six-month temporary duty code named "Commando Buzz". Throughout the 1970s, the wing earned a reputation as being the most deployed Air National Guard unit, sometimes deploying 10 times in a single year.


193rd Special Operations Wing, History, Special operations
In 1978, the 193 SOW began transitioning to the EC-130E Pendant Solo (later Commando Solo) aircraft, eventually receiving 8 aircraft total by 1980. Soon after the 193rd SOG received EC-130s, the Air National Guard unit participated in the rescue of American citizens in Operation Urgent Fury in 1983. Then known as Volant Solo, the aircraft acted as an airborne radio station, keeping the citizens of Grenada informed about the U.S. military action. Several years later in 1989, Volant Solo was instrumental in the success of coordinated psychological operations in Operation Just Cause. During this mission it broadcast throughout the initial phases of the operation, helping to end the Noriega regime.


193rd Special Operations Wing, History, Special operations
In the mid-1980s, along with all other USAF special operations units, it was assigned to the 23rd Air Force of the Military Airlift Command (MAC). In 1990, the 193rd joined the newly formed Air Force Special Operations Command, and the wing's aircraft were redesignated Commando Solo, with no change in mission.


193rd Special Operations Wing, History, Special operations
In 1990–91, Commando Solo was deployed to Saudi Arabia and Turkey in support of Operations Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm. Its missions included broadcasting the "Voice of the Gulf" and other highly successful programs intended to convince Iraqi soldiers to surrender. In 1992, the 193 SOW received its first EC-130E upgraded to Commando Solo II configuration. In 1994, the Commando Solo II aircraft were used to broadcast radio and TV messages to the citizens and leaders of Haiti during Operation Uphold Democracy. President Jean-Bertrand Aristide was featured in these broadcasts, which contributed to the orderly transition from military rule to democracy.


193rd Special Operations Wing, History, Special operations
Continuing its tradition, in 1997 the 193 SOW and Commando Solo supported the United Nations' Operation Joint Guard with radio and TV broadcasts over Bosnia-Herzegovina in support of stabilization forces operations. In 1998, the unit and its aircraft participated in Operation Desert Thunder, a deployment to Southwest Asia to convince Iraq to comply with U.N. Security Council resolutions. The Commando Solo II was again sent into action in 1999 in support of Operation Allied Force. The aircraft was tasked to broadcast radio and television into Kosovo to prevent ethnic cleansing and assist in the expulsion of the Serbs from the region. In 2001, the Commando Solo II aircraft broadcast messages to the local Afghan population and Taliban soldiers during Operation Enduring Freedom.


193rd Special Operations Wing, History, Special operations
In 2003, the Commando Solo II was deployed to the Middle East in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. In 2004, the 193 SOW received newer EC-130J aircraft. These were quickly redeployed to the Middle East in support of the War on Terror.


193rd Tank Division
The 193rd Tank Division was originally a Red Army infantry division that was reorganised after World War II as a mechanised and then a tank division of the Soviet Army.


193rd Tank Division, 1st Formation
The original 193rd Rifle Division was established in the Kharkov Military District on March 14, 1941. By June 22 it was still forming near Kamenka in the Kiev Military District and its order of battle was as follows:


193rd Tank Division, 1st Formation
The division, commanded by Colonel A.K. Berestov, joined with the 195th and 200th Rifle Divisions to form the 31st Rifle Corps. At the onset of the German invasion this corps was under direct command of the Kiev Special Military District, soon renamed Southwestern Front, and was positioned in the second echelon southeast of Sarny. On June 28 the Corps was assigned to 5th Army and the 193rd went into battle at Rozhits and Kivertsy. By July 8 it was down to 3,500 men and less than 35 guns and mortars of all types.


193rd Tank Division, 1st Formation
On August 19, as 5th Army began its retreat, the division had only 600 men remaining; the following week it took in reservists and volunteers to a total of 4,500 men, but was almost completely lacking heavy weapons. In September the 193rd was surrounded with 5th Army in the Kiev Pocket and destroyed. The division's number was officially stricken from the Soviet order of battle on Dec. 27.


193rd Tank Division, 2nd Formation
The division was reformed at Sorochinsk, in the South Urals Military District, from December 1941 to 3 January 1942. It comprised:


193rd Tank Division, 2nd Formation
In June the division went to the Voronezh Front reserves, but was still far from complete at that time.


193rd Tank Division, 2nd Formation, Stalingrad
On 17 September the division, commanded by Col. F. N. Smekhotvorov, was assigned to the 62nd Army and fought during the Battle of Stalingrad. On 22 Sept., the 685th Regiment was ferried from the east to the west bank of the Volga into central Stalingrad and five nights later, on the 27th, the other two regiments joined it. The 883rd and 895th were deployed in the Red October factory complex. The following day, the 883rd was attacked by German tanks. Anti -tank rifleman Mikhail Panikakha was attempting to defend his position with Molotov cocktails. A German bullet ignited one of his bombs, setting him alight. He then threw himself against a tank with his remaining bomb and destroyed it, at the cost of his own life. Panikakha was posthumously made a Hero of the Soviet Union in 1990.


193rd Tank Division, 2nd Formation, Stalingrad
The division was mauled and pushed back in a fierce German attack on 1 Oct. A day later, it was defending the western part of the Red October Factory, which included the kitchens, the bath house and workers' flats; it also counter-attacked Hill 107.5. The regiments, down to 200 men, were unequal to the task and were pushed back by German tanks and infantry. Chuikov, writing in 1963, said that between 13 and 20 Nov. the survivors of the 193rd Rifle Division (Smekhotvorov) were consolidated into the 685th Rifle Regiment - the grand total was 250 soldiers. However the historian John Erickson says that by 11 Nov. the division was reduced to 1,000 personnel.


193rd Tank Division, 2nd Formation, Stalingrad
At 2300 hrs. on November 12, Col. Smekhotvorov received orders from Maj. Gen. N.I. Krylov, chief-of-staff of 62nd Army, to withdraw his divisional headquarters and those of its subordinate regiments to the east bank of the Volga. The composite regiment was subordinated to the 138th Rifle Division, and the divisional artillery likewise to the chief of 62nd Army's artillery. This order officially ended the division's participation in the battle.


193rd Tank Division, 2nd Formation, Kursk
The rebuilding division was assigned to the 65th Army (former 4th Tank Army) in February 1943; it was under the command of Lieutenant General Pavel Batov, part of Colonel General K. K. Rokossovski's Central Front. The 193rd would remain under these commanders for the duration of the war. The Front was redeployed to the Kursk area, where the division, now with a strength of 9,000 troops, made gains in a gap between the German 2nd Army and 2nd Panzer Army until German reserves brought the advance to a halt.


193rd Tank Division, 2nd Formation, Kursk
The 193rd remained in the Kursk salient through the following months, including Operation Zitadelle. At this time the division was part of the 27th Rifle Corps, and was commanded by Major General F. N. Zhobrev. Zhobrev was replaced by Colonel A. G. Frolenkov on Aug. 28. Frolenkov was eventually promoted to Maj. Gen. and named a Hero of the Soviet Union; he remained in command for the rest of the war.


193rd Tank Division, 2nd Formation, Kursk
After the German defeat at Kursk, the Red Army launched its first summer offensive. The 193rd staged a successful assault crossing of the Dnepr River on October 15, with divisional and army artillery firing 1,000 shells per minute in support. For this action the division was awarded the honorific title Dnepr. In February, 1944 the division received 1,700 replacements from the 218th Reserve Rifle Regiment, but remained well understrength for some time. The 193rd was joined with the 354th Rifle Division in April to form the 105th Rifle Corps, commanded by General D. F. Alekseev, where it would remain for the duration of the war.


193rd Tank Division, Advance
As part of Rokossovski's 1st Belorussian Front, the 193rd took part in Operation Bagration, also known as the Destruction of Army Group Centre. The 193rd assisted the 354th in liberating the city of Bobruisk from the German 9th Army on 29 June 1944, and on 8 July was credited with liberating the city of Baranovichi. Racing ahead, forward detachments of the division penetrated the Bialowiecz Forest, and onwards to the Western Bug River where it was temporarily halted in late July by counterattacks by the 5th SS Panzer Division (Wiking).


193rd Tank Division, Advance
Continuing to advance, the depleted 65th Army managed to carve out a bridgehead over the Narev River, north of Warsaw between Serotsk and Pultusk, on 5 September. This bridgehead was subjected to a major surprise counterattack by German forces on 5 October, but the 193rd was successful in helping to narrowly hold it.


193rd Tank Division, Advance
During the next three months the division was brought up to strength again, and on 14 January 1945 participated in the massive breakout of the now-renumbered 2nd Belorussian Front from the bridgehead. The 193rd reached the Vistula River on 26 January, and participated in the liberation of Danzig (Gdańsk) at the end of March. In a final series of operations, the division advanced to the Oder River and helped stage an assault crossing beginning on 20 April near Stettin. The city officials surrendered to the 193rd at dawn on 26 April.


193rd Tank Division, Advance
Division honorifics were - Russian: Днепровская краснознаменная, орденов Ленина, Суворова, Кутузова. (English: Dnepr, Red Banner, Order of Lenin, Order of Suvorov, Order of Kutuzov.)


193rd Tank Division, Cold War service
By 1955 the division was reflagged as the 22nd Mechanized Division, and in 1957 was reflagged again as the 36th Tank Division. The division was restored to its World War II number - the 193rd Tank Division, on 11 January 1965 4.


193rd Tank Division, Cold War service
In 1991-2 the 193rd Tank Division incorporated the 251st, 262nd, 264th Tank, 297th Motor Rifle, 852nd Artillery (Self-propelled), 929th Anti- Aircraft Rocket Regiments, 52nd Reconnaissance Battalion, and other non-combat units.


193rd Tank Division, Cold War service
The 193rd Tank Division was stationed at Bobruisk (Киселевичи "Бобруйск-25", Kiselevichi) in the Belarussian Military District with the 5th Guards Tank Army. In 1991 it became the 193rd Base for Storage of Weapons & Equipment (although the number needs confirmation); it came under the Armed Forces of Belarus in March 1992. It was disbanded some years later.


194
Year 194 (CXCIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Septimius and Septimius (or, less frequently, year 947 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 194 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


194 (number)
194 (one hundred [and] ninety-four) is the natural number following 193 and preceding 195.


194 Prokne
Prokne (minor planet designation: 194 Prokne) is a main-belt asteroid that was discovered by German-American astronomer C. H. F. Peters on March 21, 1879, in Clinton, New York, and named after Procne, the sister of Philomela in Greek mythology. Stellar occultations by Prokne have been observed twice, in 1984 from Italy and again in 1999 from Iowa (United States).


194 Prokne
Observations from the W. M. Keck Observatory show the asteroid to be around 151 km across, with a size ratio of 1.13±0.06 between the major and minor axes. For comparison, observations by the IRAS observatory gave a diameter of 164 km. The spectrum matches a classification of a C-type asteroid, indicating it has a primitive carbonaceous composition. Judging from radar data, the near surface solid density of the asteroid is 3.6+1.1−0.9 g cm−3.


194 Prokne
Based upon a light curve that was generated from photometric observations of this asteroid at Pulkovo Observatory, it has a rotation period of 15.679±0.001 hours and varies in brightness by 0.16±0.02 in magnitude.


1940
1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1940th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 940th  year of the 2nd millennium, the 40th  year of the 20th century, and the  1st   year of the 1940s decade.


1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.


1940, Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.


1940 AAA Championship Car season
The 1940 AAA Championship Car season consisted of three races, beginning in Speedway, Indiana on May 30 and concluding in Syracuse, New York on September 2. There was also one non-championship event in  Langhorne, Pennsylvania. The AAA National Champion was Rex Mays and the Indianapolis 500 winner was Wilbur Shaw.


1940 Air Terminal Museum
The 1940 Air Terminal Museum is a museum located in Houston, Texas, United States, at William P. Hobby Airport. Collections are housed in the original art deco building which served as the first purpose-built terminal for passenger flight in Houston. The museum currently exhibits several collections focusing on Houston's civil aviation history and is operated by the Houston Aeronautical Heritage Society (HAHS), a recognized Texas 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, History
The museum is housed in the Houston Municipal Airport Terminal building, a streamline moderne airport terminal built with Public Works Administration (PWA) funds in 1940. The terminal building is among the few surviving examples of classic art deco airport architecture from the 1940s. The terminal served Houston during the years when air travelers dressed in their best and embarked for destinations aboard roaring prop liners like the Douglas DC-3 and the Lockheed Constellation.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, History
Designed by architect Joseph Finger (who also designed Houston's City Hall), the terminal was designed to meet Houston's growing role as a center for air commerce in the late 1930s. The terminal served as the only commercial air terminal for Houston until 1954, and was subsequently used by various tenants until 1978. In that year, Hobby Airport's manager James Delong proposed demolishing the 1940 terminal to free up ramp space, but enthusiasts blocked the demolition. The terminal was then unoccupied for nearly 20 years.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, History
In 1988 Stephen Fox of Cite said that the terminal was "in very shabby condition."


1940 Air Terminal Museum, Restoration and modern use
The city of Houston stabilized the exterior of the building, and members of the Houston Aviation Alliance worked to save the terminal. In 1998, the Houston Aeronautical Heritage Society (HAHS), a nonprofit organization, was formed primarily to save the threatened terminal building. HAHS recognized that funding and renovation must be completed in phases, and created a plan to restore the building over time. In late 2003, HAHS's contractors completed the asbestos and lead abatement of the north wing of the terminal. The abatement process stripped the original plaster from the interior walls, leaving the non-loadbearing tile curtain walls of the terminal intact.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, Restoration and modern use
The North Wing of the Air Terminal was opened to the public in February 2004 as the first phase of the museum. The restored North Wing of the terminal housed the museum's collection and gift shop and served as the museum's base of operations while completing fund raising and restoration of the remainder of the building.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, Restoration and modern use
The rest of the building completed asbestos abatement in May 2008 and completed atrium and mezzanine reconstruction in February 2009. The full lower floor will be restored to its original condition when funds permit. The museum will spread out and occupy the entire first floor of the terminal building and then begin renovation of the upper floors.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, Restoration and modern use
The American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics (AIAA) designated the 1940 Air Terminal Museum a Historic Aerospace Site. The 1940 Air Terminal is the AIAA's 35th aerospace site recognized as a rare example of classic Art Deco airport architecture. In February 2010, the Houston Aeronautical Heritage Society was presented with a Good Brick Award for excellence in preservation for the 1940 Air Terminal Museum. Good Brick Awards are given annually from the Greater Houston Preservation Alliance. In 2008 the Houston Press declared the terminal the "Best Piece of Aviation History".


1940 Air Terminal Museum, Restoration and modern use
In 2008, HAHS was granted a license to the oldest hangar on Hobby Airport's grounds, a 1929 Great Silver Fleet Maintenance Hangar. The organization will use this hangar to display larger exhibits from the collection, such as two simulators, and HAHS's aircraft collection, which includes a 1943 Lockheed Lodestar executive businessliner, and an S-58 Sikorsky Helicopter that was outfitted for civilian heavy lifting.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, Funding and special events
The 1940 Air Terminal Museum receives funding through grants from many private and public foundations, as well as individual donors. The museum also operates a Members' Program, which allows special access to some functions for members. The museum and its buildings are also available for private functions.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, The Houston Aeronautical Heritage Society
The 1940 Air Terminal Museum is the project of the Houston Aeronautical Heritage Society. The Houston Aeronautical Heritage Society is a Texan non-profit corporation founded to research, promote and preserve the aeronautical heritage of Houston and southeast Texas. The society was founded in 1998 by a group of aviation, architecture and history enthusiasts. The society includes persons from all walks of life, including students and retirees, architects and attorneys, educators and engineers, community leaders and commercial pilots.


1940 Air Terminal Museum, The Houston Aeronautical Heritage Society
The Houston Aeronautical Heritage Society is recognized as a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization by the Internal Revenue Service. The society is funded through private and public grants, corporate and personal contributions and net proceeds from revenue generating endeavors such as museum memberships and gift shop sales.


1940 Akron Zippers football team
The 1940 Akron Zippers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Akron as an independent during the 1940 college football season. In its second and final season under head coach Thomas Dowler, the team compiled a 2–5–2 record and was outscored by a total of 106 to 90. Mike Fernella was the team captain.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
The 1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously "Alabama", "UA" or "Bama") represented the University of Alabama in the 1940 college football season. It was the Crimson Tide's 47th overall and 8th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The team was led by head coach Frank Thomas, in his tenth year, and played their home games at Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa and Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama. They finished the season with a record of seven wins and two losses (7–2 overall, 4–2 in the SEC).


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
The Crimson Tide opened the 1940 season with three consecutive, non-conference victories over Spring Hill, Mercer and Howard. However, Alabama was defeated 27–12 by Tennessee in their conference opener in week four. The Crimson Tide then rebounded with four consecutive conference victories over Kentucky, Tulane, Georgia Tech and Vanderbilt. Alabama then closed their season with a loss against Mississippi State on homecoming at Denny Stadium.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Spring Hill
To open the 1940 season, Alabama defeated Spring Hill College 26–0 at Murphy High School Stadium in Mobile. After a scoreless first quarter, the Crimson Tide scored their first touchdown on a one-yard Paul Spencer run in the second quarter and held a 7–0 halftime lead. In the third quarter, Alabama extended their lead to 20–0 with touchdowns scored runs of two-yards by Spencer and 31-yards by Dave Brown. They then closed the game with a five-yard Herschel Mosley touchdown run in the fourth quarter for the 26–0 victory. The victory was Alabama's final game played against the Badgers and improved their all-time record against Spring Hill to 3–0. This contest is also notable for being the first night game ever played by an Alabama football team.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Mercer
In their first home game of the season, Alabama shutout the Mercer Bears 20–0 on an unseasonably warm afternoon that saw temperatures in excess of 90 degrees. Paul Spencer scored both of the Crimson Tide's first half touchdowns on runs of six and five yards for a 13–0 halftime lead. The final score came in the third quarter on a six-yard Dave Brown touchdown run. In the victory, the Alabama defense only allowed the Bears one first down and held their offense to net yardage of minus 17. The victory was Alabama's final game played against the Bears until 2017 and improved their all-time record against Mercer to 2–0.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Howard
At Denny Stadium, Alabama defeated Howard (now Samford University) 31–0 for their third consecutive shutout to open the season. Paul Spencer scored first with his one-yard touchdown run in the first quarter followed by a six-yard Dave Brown touchdown run in the second quarter for a 13–0 halftime lead. After Spencer scored again in the third on a seven-yard run, Jimmy Nelson intercepted a Jimmy Tarrant pass and returned it 88-yards for a touchdown. Don Salls then scored the final points of the game in the fourth quarter on a ten-yard run for the 31–0 victory. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Howard to 18–0–1.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Tennessee
On the Monday prior to their annual game against the Volunteers, Tennessee was selected to the No. 5 position in the first AP Poll of the 1940 season. In the game, Alabama was defeated by rival Tennessee 27–12 before an overflow crowd of 24,500 at Legion Field. After a scoreless first quarter, Alabama took their only lead of the game early in the second quarter on a 14-yard fake reverse by Jimmy Nelson for a touchdown. The Volunteers responded with a pair of John Butler touchdowns to take a 14–6 halftime lead. The first came on an 11-yard Butler pass to Al Hurst and the second on a 19-yard Butler punt return.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Tennessee
Alabama then cut the lead to 14–12 in the third quarter after Dave Brown returned a Tennessee punt 57-yards for a touchdown. The Volunteers responded with a pair of fourth-quarter touchdowns to seal the victory. The first came on a five-yard Buss Warren pass to Mike Balitsaris and the second on a 24-yard Warren to Balitsaris pass. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Tennessee to 13–8–2.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Kentucky
On what was homecoming for Kentucky, the Crimson Tide shutout the Wildcats 25–0 at Lexington. After a scoreless first, Alabama started their first scoring drive of the game after Joe Domnanovich recovered a Kentucky fumble to give the Crimson Tide possession at the Wildcats' ten-yard line. Dave Brown then scored on a one-yard run for a 7–0 lead. Jimmy Nelson scored later in the quarter on a 63-yard touchdown run to give Alabama a 13–0 halftime lead. The Crimson Tide then closed the game with a pair of second half touchdowns for the 25–0 victory. The first came on a 39-yard Nelson run in the third and on a 40-yard Don Salls interception return in the fourth. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Kentucky 18–1–1.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Tulane
In Birmingham, the Crimson Tide defeated the Green Wave 13–6 before a crowd of 20,000 at Legion Field. After a scoreless first, Alabama took a 6–0 halftime lead when Paul Spencer scored a touchdown on a short run after Holt Rast recovered a fumbled punt at the Tulane three-yard line. Early in the third quarter, Dave Brown extended the Alabama lead to 13–0 with his 12-yard touchdown run. Tulane did start a comeback in the fourth quarter with a touchdown, but was stopped late in the game when Ed Hickerson intercepted a Harry Hays pass at the Alabama eight-yard line to seal the Crimson Tide win. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Tulane to 13–4–1.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
Prior to their final road game of the season against Georgia Tech, Alabama entered the AP Poll for the first time of the season at No. 14. Against the Yellow Jackets, the Crimson Tide won on a missed extra point 14–13 at Grant Field. Tech scored first on a nine-yard J. W. Bosch touchdown pass to R. L. Ison; however, C. P. Goree missed the extra point that would later prove to be the final margin of loss. Alabama responded on the kickoff that ensued when Jimmy Nelson scored on a 94-yard touchdown return. Each team then traded third-quarter touchdowns. Alabama scored first on a short Paul Spencer run followed by a C. R. Bates touchdown pass to G. I. Webb. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Georgia Tech to 12–11–3.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Vanderbilt
As a result of their unexpectedly close contest against Georgia Tech, Alabama dropped three spots to the No. 17 position in the AP Poll prior to their game against Vanderbilt. In their game against the Commodores, Alabama rallied from a 14–0 deficit to defeat Vanderbilt 25–21 in the final Legion Field game of the 1940 season. The Commodores took a 14–0 halftime lead with touchdowns scored in the first on a 39-yard Charlton Davis pass to Binks Bushmiaer and in the second on a six-yard George Marlin run.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Vanderbilt
Alabama responded in the third quarter with a pair of touchdowns to cut the lead to 14–13. Touchdowns were scored on a 12-yard Jimmy Nelson pass to Hal Newman and on a short Dave Brown run. In the fourth, Vanderbilt extended their lead to 21–13 with an Art Rebrovich touchdown run, but ten gave up a pair of late touchdowns to give Alabama the 25–21 win. Alabama's final touchdowns were scored on a pair of Nelson passes, first to Holt Rast and the second to Russ Craft for the win. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Vanderbilt to 13–9.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Mississippi State
In the final game of the season, Alabama was shutout 13–0 against the Mississippi State Maroons on homecoming at Denny Stadium. The Maroons scored both of their touchdowns on runs of nine-yards by Harvey Johnson in the first quarter and 23-yards by Charles Yancey in the fourth quarter. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Mississippi State to 19–6–2.


1940 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, After the season, NFL Draft
Several players that were varsity lettermen from the 1940 squad were drafted into the National Football League (NFL) between the 1941 and 1943 drafts. These players included the following:


1940 Albanian National Championship
Statistics of Albanian National Championship in the 1940 season. This event is still not officially recognized from AFA, but in December 2012 the Albanian sports media have reported that this championship, along with the other two championships of World War II, is expected to be recognized soon.


1940 Albanian National Championship, Overview
1940 Albanian National Championship was the 9th season of Albania's annual main competition. It started on March 3, 1940, and ended on May 26, 1940. Eight teams were separated in two groups of 4 teams each, playing double round-robin system and only the first team of each group would go into the finals. Group A teams were: Tirana, Shkodra, Elbasani and Durrësi. Group B teams were: Gjirokastra, Berati, Korça and Vlora.


1940 Albanian National Championship, Results, First Round
In this round entered all the teams in two groups.


1940 Albanian National Championship, Results, Finals
In this round entered the two winners from the previous round.


1940 Albanian National Championship, Results, Finals
Shkodra: Jubani; Rusi, Fakja; Xharra, Koxhja, Osmani II; Shkjezi, Vasija, Boriçi, S.Gjinali, Z.Berisha.


1940 Albanian National Championship, Results, Finals
Korca: Mihallaqi; Dumja, Bitri; P.Saro, Luarasi, Ademi; Dimço, Plluska, Qirinxhi II, Duro, Merolli.


1940 Albanian National Championship, Results, Finals
Shkodra: Jubani; Vasija, Pali; Osmani, Koxhja, Xharra; Rusi, Berisha, Boriçi, S.Gjinali, Shkjezi.


1940 Albanian National Championship, Results, Finals
Korca: Mihallaqi; Bitri, Dume; Zeka, Lauarasi, Saro; Dimço, Plluska, Duro, Qirinxhi, Merolli.


1940 Albanian National Championship, Results, Finals
Goals: Rusi 11', Boriçi 22', Boriçi 46', Rusi, Rusi, Rusi, Rusi, Rusi, Rusi


1940 Alberta general election
The 1940 Alberta general election was held on March 21, 1940, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.


1940 Alberta general election
Despite its failure to implement its key policy, providing prosperity certificates to all Albertans, the Social Credit Party of Premier William Aberhart won a second term in government. Nevertheless, it lost a considerable number of seats that it had gained in the 1935 landslide.


1940 Alberta general election
This provincial election, like the previous three, saw district-level proportional representation (Single transferable voting) used to elect the MLAs of Edmonton and Calgary. City-wide districts were used to elect multiple MLAs in the cities. All the other MLAs were elected in single-member districts through Instant-runoff voting.


1940 Alberta general election, Unity Movement
The Conservative and Liberal parties as well as the remains of the United Farmers, recognizing the widespread popularity of the Social Credit party, ran joint candidates as independents in what was called the "Independent Movement" or the "Unity Movement". Although independent candidates won almost as many votes as Social Credit, their support was not concentrated in enough areas to translate into seats. The Independent Movement lost a number of races by small margins. However, due to the first past the post system, which awards power solely on the basis of seats won, Social Credit was returned for a second term, albeit with a considerably reduced majority.


1940 Alberta general election, Unity Movement
The Liberals under leader Edward Gray chose only to support Independent candidates that they played a hand in nominating, and nominated other candidates under its own banner. Gray felt that candidates should not be machined into the field and left it up to the individual Liberal constituency associations to decide if they would support a candidate or not.


1940 Alberta general election, Unity Movement
This would be the most opposition that Social Credit would face until 1959.


1940 Alberta general election, Co-operative Commonwealth
The social democratic Cooperative Commonwealth Federation nominated candidates for the first time, but failed to win any seats in the legislature, despite winning over 10% of the popular vote under the leadership of former United Farmers of Alberta MLA Chester Ronning. Like Ronning, most of the CCF's candidates had run in the 1935 election for the UFA.


1940 Aldershot by-election
The Aldershot by-election of 1940 was held on 26 November 1940. The by-election was held due to the succession to the peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, Roundell Palmer. It was won unopposed by the Conservative candidate Oliver Lyttelton.


1940 All-Big Six Conference football team
The 1940 All-Big Six Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Big Six Conference teams for the 1940 college football season. The selectors for the 1940 season included the United Press (UP).


1940 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1940 All-Big Ten Conference football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Big Ten Conference teams selected by the Associated Press (AP) and United Press (UP) for the 1940 Big Ten Conference football season.


1940 All-Big Ten Conference football team, Key
AP = Associated Press, chosen by conference coachesUP = United Press


1940 All-Big Ten Conference football team, Key
Bold = Consensus first-team selection of both the AP and UP


1940 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 1940 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 12th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.


1940 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
Roscommon entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated in the Connacht Championship.


1940 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
On 22 September 1940, Louth won the championship following a 5-5 to 2-7 defeat of Mayo in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title and their first in four championship seasons.


1940 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 1940 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the 13th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928.


1940 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
Cork entered the championship as the defending champions in search of a record fourth successive title, however, they were beaten by Limerick in the Munster semi-final.


1940 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
On 1 September 1940 Limerick won the championship following a 6-4 to 2-4 defeat of Antrim in the All-Ireland final. This was their first All-Ireland title.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 1940 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship was the high point of the 1940 season in Camogie. The championship was won by Cork, who defeated Galway by a five-point margin in the final.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, Structure
Dublin were still in isolation, the only remaining members left of the old Camogie association while the other country boards affiliated to the National Camogie Association after a dispute over lifting the ban on hockey players. Cork defeated Waterford by 5–3 to 1–4 in the only match played in Munster, a match refereed by dual All-Ireland medallist and future Taoiseach, Jack Lynch. Antrim, champions for five years in Ulster, were surprisingly beaten by Derry, who then lost the Ulster final to Cavan. Celia Mulholland, Eileen O'Beirne, Peg Morris and Frances Coen scored Galway's goals in their semi-final defeat of Cavan. Louth had most of the play and did most of the attacking in the second half when they lost to Cork in the semi-final at Darver. Renee Fitzgerald, Eileen Casey, Kathleen Barry Murphy and Casey again were Cork's goalscorers.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, Final
Cork led Galway by 4–1 to 0–1 by half-time in the final and won despite being kept Cork scoreless for the remainder of the game and Galway's recovery goals from Peg Morris and Celia Mulholland.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final
The 1940 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final was the ninth All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1940 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, an inter-county camogie tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final
The game opened cagily, both teams scoring just one point in the first 15 minutes. Cork then scored four goals (M. Fitzgerald (two), P. Hegarty, M. Buckley) in four minutes, essentially deciding the game before half-time. They did not score in the second half but won by nine points.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 54th staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition. Kerry won their fourteenth All-Ireland title, putting them level with Dublin in the all-time standings.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, Format, Provincial Championships format changes, Leinster Championship format change
A reduced amount of counties in the championship of 1940.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, Format, Provincial Championships format changes, Munster Championship format change
There is normal format of 2 Quarter-finals vs 2 Semi-finals in place.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, Format, All Ireland semi-finals system
The All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was run on a provincial basis as usual in rotation of every 3rd year, with the four winners from Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster advancing to the All-Ireland semi-finals. The draw for these games was as follows:


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
The 1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final was the 53rd All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, Match, Summary
Jimmy Duggan scored a goal for Galway just before half-time, but Kerry hit four points in the second half to secure a narrow victory. The game was plagued by fouls, sixty-two frees being awarded in all.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, Match, Summary
It was the first of three All-Ireland football titles won by Kerry in the 1940s.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, Match, Summary
It was also the first of three consecutive All-Ireland football finals lost by Galway.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, Match, Summary
With their 1940 win, Kerry reached 14 All-Ireland titles, drawing level with Dublin. Dublin had been in the lead since 1892. In 1941, Kerry would take the lead; Dublin equalled the new total in 1942 but never again managed to surpass Kerry's total.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 54th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament. The championship ended on 1 September 1940.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The championship was won by Limerick who secured the title following a 3-7 to 1-7 defeat of Kilkenny in the All-Ireland final. This was their 6th All-Ireland title, their first in four championship seasons.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Teams, Overview
A total of thirteen teams contested the championship, including all of the teams from the 1939 championship.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final
The 1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played at Croke Park on 1 September 1940 to determine the winners of the 1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champions of the three hurling provinces of Ireland. It was the 53rd All-Ireland final. The match was contested by Kilkenny of Leinster and Limerick of Munster, with Limerick winning by 3–7 to 1–7.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final
The All-Ireland final between Limerick and Kilkenny was the fifth championship meeting between the two teams. Kilkenny, the reigning champions, were appearing in their eighth final in ten years and were hoping to win their 13th title. Limerick were lining out in their fifth final in eight years and were hoping to claim a 6th championship title.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final
Limerick's All-Ireland victory was their first since 1936. The win put them in joint fourth position, alongside Dublin on the all-time roll of honour.


1940 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final
Kilkenny's All-Ireland defeat was their tenth in a final. It was the first of three defeats in All-Ireland final before their next victory.


1940 All-Pacific Coast football team
The 1940 All-Pacific Coast football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Pacific Coast teams for the 1940 college football season. The organizations selecting teams in 1940 included the Associated Press (AP) and the United Press (UP).


1940 All-Pacific Coast football team
The 1941 Stanford Indians football team compiled an undefeated 10-0 record, were ranked #2 in the final AP Poll, and had six players receiving first-team honors: quarterback Frankie Albert (AP, UP), halfback Pete Kmetovic (AP), fullback Norm Standlee (AP, UP), end Fred Meyer (AP), and tackles Bob Reinhard and Bruno Banducci (UP).


1940 All-Pacific Coast football team
The 1941 Washington Huskies football team finished in second place with a 5-4 record and was represented by four players on either the AP or UP first team: halfback Dean McAdams (AP, UP), end Jay MacDowell (AP, UP), guard Ray Frankowski (AP, UP), and center Rudy Mucha (AP, UP).


1940 All-Pacific Coast football team
No players from teams outside the PCC received first-team honors from the AP or UP.


1940 All-Pacific Coast football team, Key
AP = Associated Press, selected based on "annual consensus poll of sports writers, officials and coaches"


1940 All-Pacific Coast football team, Key
UP = United Press: "Sports editors of the United Press client newspapers of the Pacific Coast made the selections ..."


1940 All-Pacific Coast football team, Key
Bold = Consensus first-team selection of both the AP and UP


1940 All-Pro Team
The 1940 All-Pro Team consisted of American football players chosen by various selectors for the All-Pro team of the National Football League (NFL) for the 1940 NFL season. Teams were selected by, among others, the so-called "official" All-Pro team selected by 92 sports writers who were members of the Pro Football Writers Association of American (PFW), the sports writers of the Associated Press (AP), the United Press (UP), the International News Service (INS), Collyer's Eye (CE), the New York Daily News (NYDN), and the Chicago Herald American.


1940 All-Pro Team
Players displayed in bold were consensus first-team selections. Three players were selected for the first team by all seven selectors: Brooklyn Dodgers quarterback Ace Parker; Brooklyn Dodgers tackle Bruiser Kinard; and Chicago Bears guard Dan Fortmann. Four others were designated for the first team by six selectors: Cleveland Rams fullback Johnny Drake; Green Bay Packers end Don Hutson; Brooklyn Dodgers end Perry Schwartz; and New York Giants center Mel Hein. Another four players were selected by five of seven selectors: Detroit Lions halfback Byron White; Washington Redskins halfback Sammy Baugh; Chicago Bears tackle Joe Stydahar; and New York Giants center Mel Hein.


1940 All-SEC football team
The 1940 All-SEC football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) chosen by various selectors for the 1940 college football season. Tennessee won the conference.


1940 All-SEC football team, Key
AP = compiled by the Associated Press, chosen by the conference coaches.


1940 All-Southern Conference football team
The 1940 All-Southern Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by the Associated Press (AP) and United Press (UP) for the All-Southern Conference football team for the 1940 college football season.


1940 All-Southwest Conference football team
The 1940 All-Southwest Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Southwest Conference teams for the 1940 college football season. The selectors for the 1940 season included the Associated Press (AP) and United Press (UP).


1940 Allan Cup
The 1940 Allan Cup was the Canadian national senior ice hockey championship for the 1939-40 Senior season.


1940 Allan Cup, Final
Kirkland Lake Blue Devils beat Calgary Stampeders 3-0 on series.


1940 Amateur World Series
The 1940 Amateur World Series was the third Amateur World Series (AWS), an international men's amateur baseball tournament. The tournament was sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation (which titled it the Baseball World Cup as of the 1988 tournament). The tournament took place, for the second consecutive time, in Cuba. It was contested by seven national teams playing twelve games each from September 14 through October 6 in Havana. Cuba won its second, and second consecutive, AWS title.


1940 Amateur World Series, Players
Some players of note who took part in the tournament include:


1940 American Football League season
The 1940 American Football League season was the first season of the third American Football League. The league was formed when the New York Yankees, Boston Bears, and Buffalo Indians were joined by the Cincinnati Bengals, Columbus Bullies, and Milwaukee Chiefs of the minor American Professional Football Association (the mass defection doomed the minor league). After the announcement of the formation of the AFL (July 14, 1940), applications for membership by former APFA members St. Louis Gunners and Kenosha Cardinals were rejected by the upstart league, which started with six members.


1940 American Football League season
The Columbus Bullies were declared league champions after compiling an 8-1-1 record, just edging the 7-2 of the Milwaukee Chiefs.


1940 American Football League season, Final standings
W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pct.= Winning Percentage, PF = Points for, PA = Points against


1940 American Football League season, Final standings, Final 1940 standings
Standings includes forfeits (Buffalo forfeited to New York due to the field being unplayable, November 17, 1940; Cincinnati forfeited to Buffalo due to injuries preventing the Bengals from fielding a complete team, November 24, 1940)


1940 Argentine Primera División
The 1940 Argentine Primera División was the 49th season of top-flight football in Argentina. The season began on April 7 and ended on December 22.


1940 Argentine Primera División
With 18 teams competing in the tournament, Boca Juniors achieved its 10th league title. Banfield returned to Primera while Vélez Sársfield and Chacarita Juniors were relegated.


1940 Argentine legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Argentina on 3 March 1940. Voter turnout was 70%.


1940 Argyll by-election
The Argyll by-election of 1940 was held on 10 April 1940. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Conservative MP, Frederick Macquisten. It was won by the Conservative candidate Duncan McCallum.


1940 Argyllshire by-election
The Argyllshire by-election, 1940 was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of Argyllshire, on 10 April 1940.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Vacancy
The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting Unionist MP, Frederick Alexander Macquisten on 29 February 1940 at the age of 69. He had been MP here since gaining the seat in 1924.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Election history
Argyllshire had been won by the Unionists at every election since 1924 but was a marginal seat in which the Liberal Party had continued to challenge strongly. The result at the last General election was as follows;


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Candidates
At the outbreak of war, the Conservative, Liberal and Labour parties had agreed an electoral truce which meant that when a by-election occurred, the party that was defending the seat would not be opposed by an official candidate from the other two parties. Approaches were made by the Liberals to the Unionists for them to support Bannerman being returned rather than their own candidate. However, with the Liberal Party sitting in opposition to the Chamberlain led Government, this was never likely to happen. Both Bannerman and Weir duly withdrew.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Candidates
On the 8 March, the largely insignificant Scottish National Party chose to intervene. On 12 March, they chose as their candidate, 66-year-old William Power who was from Glasgow.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Campaign
Polling day was set for 10 April 1940. When nominations closed, it was to reveal a two horse race, between McCallum for the Unionists and Power, for the Nationalists.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Campaign
McCallum was in Egypt at the time of the death of Macquisten and remained there until returning to Scotland after his first campaign meeting on 26 March 1940, more than two weeks after he knew he would be opposed.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Campaign
Half of the constituency was in a restricted area, and candidates and speakers were required to obtain permits to pass in and out. The authorities rejected the permit applications of the Nationalist candidate, effectively restricting his movements.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Campaign
The SNP campaign sought to highlight government neglect of the Highlands. Power chose not to disagree with the government's foreign policy.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Campaign
Neville Chamberlain sent a message to McCallum stating, We are fighting for just and durable peace which will restore freedom and security to Europe and rid us of the perpetual menace of war. The Premier expressed the hope that "the electors of Argyllshire will send you to Parliament by such a majority as will provide convincing evidence of the national unity of purpose in the prosecution of the war."


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Result
As expected the Unionists held the seat. The SNP managed to poll over 7,000 votes, the vast majority of which were believed to be from the 11,000 people who voted Liberal last time.


1940 Argyllshire by-election, Aftermath
McCallum took his seat on the benches behind Neville Chamberlain, but within a month, Chamberlain had been replaced by Winston Churchill. This result catapulted Power into the leadership of the SNP. However, it did not represent any progression for the SNP in Argyll as the party did not contest the seat at the following General election. Instead both Liberal and Labour candidates who had withdrawn from the by-election came forward to challenge McCallum;The result at the following General election;


1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team
The 1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Arizona State Teachers College (later renamed Arizona State University) in the Border Conference during the 1940 college football season. In their third season under head coach Dixie Howell, the Bulldogs compiled a 7–2–2 record (3–0–1 against Border opponents), won the conference championship, lost to Western Reserve in the 1941 Sun Bowl, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 198 to 100.


1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team
The Bulldogs finished 4-0-1 at home, 3-1-1 on the road, and 0-1 on a neutral site. Hilman Walker was an assistant coach. The team captains were left end Sam Andrews and halfback Albert Sanserino. All home games were played at Goodwin Stadium in Tempe, Arizona.


1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries, Regular season
In the season opener, Arizona State Teacher's College defeated Cal Poly 21-13 at Goodwin Stadium. The Bulldogs outlasted West Texas State 19-13 on the road. ASTC was shutout 17-0 at Hardin-Simmons. The Bulldogs rebounded with a 13-6 road victory against New Mexico. Arizona State Teacher's College prevailed for a 42-6 home win over New Mexico State. The Bulldogs ended in a 0-0 tie at Texas-El Paso. ASTC delivered a 12-0 road shutout victory against NAU. The Bulldogs ended in a 7-7 tie against Gonzaga in Tempe. Arizona State Teacher's College shutout Northern Colorado 41-0 at Goodwin Stadium. In the home finale, the Bulldogs defeated North Dakota 30-12. It marked the only meeting between the teams in school history.


1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries, Sun Bowl
On January 1, 1941, Arizona State lost to Case Western Reserve 26-13 in the 1941 Sun Bowl. It marked the only meeting between the teams in school history. The game was played at Kidd Field in El Paso, Texas with a crowd of 12,000 on hand. Joe Hernandez threw a 10-yard touchdown pass to fullback Wayne Pitts for a Bulldogs score, but the extra point failed. Halfback Hascall Henshaw recorded a 94-yard rushing touchdown for Arizona State, which stood as the longest run from scrimmage in Arizona State football history until 1968.


1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries, Sun Bowl
Henshaw finished with 147 rushing yards in the bowl game. Case Western Reserve's scoring started with a one-yard touchdown run by Steve Belichick, who is the father of NFL head coach Bill Belichick. Willis Waggle's 10-yard return of a blocked punt for a touchdown, Richard Booth's five-yard touchdown run, and Johnny Reis' three-yard touchdown run completed the scoring plays for Case Western Reserve.


1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Roster
The usual Arizona State lineup included left end Sam Andrews, left tackle Olin Mason, left guard Frank Consentino, center Ray Green, right guard Clayton Peterson, right tackle Barney Rouse, right end Bob Lackey, quarterback Walt Ruth, halfbacks Hascall Henshaw and Albert Sanserino, and fullback Wayne Pitts.


1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Roster
Bob Baccus, John Balshor, Dominic Campolo, Phil Coleman, and Bill Davis were also on the roster.


1940 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Awards and honors
Four Arizona State players received All-Border Conference honors in 1940: Sam Andrews, Ray Green, Hascall Henshaw, and Albert Sanserino. For Sanserino, it was his third consecutive year receiving All-Border Conference honors.


1940 Arizona Wildcats football team
The 1940 Arizona Wildcats football team represented the University of Arizona in the Border Conference during the 1940 college football season. In their second season under head coach Mike Casteel, the Wildcats compiled a 7–2 record (3–1 against Border opponents), finished in second place in the conference, and outscored their opponents, 204 to 83. The team captain was John Black. The team played its home games at Arizona Stadium in Tucson, Arizona.


1940 Arizona gubernatorial election
The 1940 Arizona gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1940. Incumbent Governor Robert Taylor Jones ran for reelection but was defeated in the Democratic primary by former Secretary of State Sidney Preston Osborn, whom Jones had previously defeated in 1938.


1940 Arizona gubernatorial election
Sidney Preston Osborn defeated Jerrie W. Lee in the general election, and was sworn into his first term as Governor on January 6, 1941, becoming Arizona's seventh Governor.


1940 Arizona gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
The Democratic primary took place on September 10, 1940. Incumbent Governor Robert Taylor Jones ran for reelection, but he was defeated by former Secretary of State Sidney Preston Osborn. Osborn previously ran against Jones in 1938, but was defeated due to the race being a three-way with Secretary of State James H. Kerby. C. M. Menderson, Ernest Carleton, George E. Shields, and Howard Sprouse also ran but presented only token opposition.


1940 Arkansas Razorbacks football team
The 1940 Arkansas Razorbacks football team represented the University of Arkansas in the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1940 college football season. In their 12th under head coach Fred Thomsen, the Razorbacks compiled a 4–6 record (1–5 against SWC opponents), finished in sixth place in the SWC, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 174 to 112.


1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election
The 1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1940.


1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election
Incumbent Democratic Governor Carl E. Bailey was defeated in the Democratic primary.


1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election
Democratic nominee Homer Martin Adkins defeated Republican nominee Harley C. Stump with 91.36% of the vote.


1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
The Democratic primary election was held on August 13, 1940.


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard
The Armistice Day Blizzard (or the Armistice Day Storm) took place in the Midwest region of the United States on November 11 (Armistice Day) and November 12, 1940. The intense early-season "panhandle hook" winter storm cut a 1,000-mile-wide (1600 km) swath through the middle of the country from Kansas to Michigan.


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard, Meteorological synopsis
On November 7, 1940, the low pressure system that later developed into the storm was affecting the Pacific Northwest and produced the 40 mph (64 km/h) winds that destroyed the Tacoma Narrows Bridge. On November 10 the fast-moving storm crossed the Rocky Mountains in just two hours on its way to the Midwest.


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard, Meteorological synopsis
The morning of November 11, 1940, brought with it unseasonably high temperatures in the Upper Midwest. By early afternoon, temperatures approached 65 °F (18 °C) over most of the affected region. However, as the day wore on conditions quickly deteriorated. Severe weather was reported across much of the Midwest with heavy rain and snow, a tornado, and gale-force winds were all reported. Temperatures dropped sharply, winds picked up and rain, followed by sleet and then snow, began to fall. An intense low pressure system had tracked from the southern plains northeastward into western Wisconsin, pulling Gulf of Mexico moisture up from the South and pulling down a cold arctic air mass from the North.


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard, Meteorological synopsis
The result was a raging blizzard that would last into the next day. Snowfalls of up to 27 inches (69 cm), winds of 50 to 80 miles per hour (80 to 130 km/h), 20-foot (6.1 m) snow drifts, and 50 °F (28 °C) temperature drops were common over parts of the states of Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. In Minnesota, 27 in (69 cm) of snow fell at Collegeville, and the Twin Cities recorded 16 in (41 cm). Record low pressures were recorded in La Crosse, Wisconsin, and Duluth, Minnesota. Transportation and communications were crippled, which made finding the dead and injured more difficult. The Armistice Day Blizzard ranks #2 in Minnesota's list of the top five weather events of the 20th century.


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard, Meteorological synopsis
Survivors describe the cold as so severe that it was difficult to breathe, with the air so moisture laden it was thick like syrup and that the cold seared the survivors lungs like a red-hot blade. Many individuals claim that animals were aware of the upcoming weather shifts which led to animals moving rapidly from the area. Duck hunters who were out at the time were amazed at the amount of ducks that were in the area and on the move through the skies, one survivor recounting there were thousands.


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard, Casualties
A total of 146 deaths were blamed on the storm, with the following instances being noteworthy:


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard, Casualties
Additionally, 1.5 million turkeys intended for Thanksgiving dinner across Minnesota perished from exposure to the cold conditions.


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard, Aftermath
Prior to this event, all of the weather forecasts for the region originated in Chicago. After the failure to provide an accurate forecast for this blizzard, forecasting responsibilities were expanded to include 24-hour coverage and more forecasting offices were created, yielding more accurate local forecasts.


1940 Armistice Day Blizzard, Aftermath
The U.S. Weather Bureau was criticized that it failed to predict the huge blizzard and officials released a statement that they were aware that the storm was coming but wrong about its strength and scope. The Twin Cities (Minneapolis/St. Paul) branch of Meteorology was upgraded to issue forecasts and not rely on the Chicago site.


1940 Army Cadets football team
The 1940 Army Cadets football team represented the United States Military Academy in the 1940 college football season. In their third and final year under head coach William H. Wood, the Cadets compiled a 1–7–1 record and were outscored their opponents by a combined total of 197 to 54. The season was the first since 1899 in which the Army football team was outscored by its opponents. In the annual Army–Navy Game, the Cadets lost to the Midshipmen by a 14 to 0 score. The Cadets also suffered blowout defeats to Cornell (45-0) and Penn (48-0).


1940 Army Cadets football team
No Army players were honored on the All-America team. Three weeks after the end of the 1940 season, the War Department ordered coach Wood back to active troop duty and named Earl Blaik as head coach for the 1941 season.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1940 Atlantic hurricane season was a generally average period of tropical cyclogenesis in 1940. Though the season had no official bounds, most tropical cyclone activity occurred during August and September. Throughout the year, fourteen tropical cyclones formed, of which nine reached tropical storm intensity; six were hurricanes. None of the hurricanes reached major hurricane intensity. Tropical cyclones that did not approach populated areas or shipping lanes, especially if they were relatively weak and of short duration, may have remained undetected.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season
Because technologies such as satellite monitoring were not available until the 1960s, historical data on tropical cyclones from this period are often not reliable. As a result of a reanalysis project which analyzed the season in 2012, an additional hurricane was added to HURDAT. The year's first tropical storm formed on May 19 off the northern coast of Hispaniola.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season
At the time, this was a rare occurrence, as only four other tropical disturbances were known to have formed prior during this period; since then, reanalysis of previous seasons has concluded that there were more than four tropical cyclones in May before 1940. The season's final system was a tropical disturbance situated in the Greater Antilles, which dissipated on November 8.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season
All three hurricanes in August brought flooding rainfall to areas of the United States. The first became the wettest tropical cyclone recorded in Louisiana history. The second hurricane impacted regions of the Southeastern United States, producing record precipitation and killing at least 52 people. Despite not making landfall, the third hurricane in August interacted with a stationary front over the Mid-Atlantic states, resulting in localized flooding and thus making the tropical cyclone the wettest in New Jersey history.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season
This hurricane would also be the strongest in the hurricane season, with maximum sustained winds of 110 mph (175 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 961 mbar (hPa; 28.39 inHg), making it a high-end Category 2 hurricane on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Activity decreased in September, though a damaging hurricane swept through areas of the Canadian Maritimes, resulting in large crop and infrastructural losses. Two tropical cyclones of at least tropical storm strength were recorded in October, though neither resulted in fatalities. Collectively, storms in the hurricane season caused 71 fatalities and $29.329 million in damages. The 1940 South Carolina hurricane, which swept through areas of the Southeastern United States in August, was the most damaging and deadly of the tropical cyclones.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season
The season's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 68 units, below the 1931–1943 average of 91.2. ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm One
On May 18, a weak low-pressure area was detected south of Hispaniola. Moving northward, the low became sufficiently organized to be classified as a tropical storm at 1200 UTC on May 19, southeast of Turks Island. At the time, ship observations indicated that the disturbance had a well-defined cyclonic circulation, with the strongest winds situated in the northern semicircle of the cyclone. Continuing northward, the tropical storm gradually intensified and attained maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h) by 0000 UTC on May 22.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm One
The Belgian ship M.S. Lubrafol recorded a peripheral barometric pressure of 996 mbar (hPa; 29.42 inHg); this was the lowest pressure measured in connection with the storm. The following day, the tropical storm temporarily curved towards the east-southeast before recurving back towards a northeast direction. At the same time, the storm expanded in size and began to transition into an extratropical cyclone. By 1200 UTC, the cyclone completed its extratropical transition, due to the entrainment of colder air. The remnant system persisted until 0600 UTC on May 27.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
On August 3, an extratropical cyclone developed into a tropical depression off the west coast of Florida. Initially a weak disturbance, it moved generally westward, slowly gaining in intensity. Early on August 4, the depression attained tropical storm intensity. Ships in the vicinity of the storm reported a much stronger tropical cyclone than initially suggested.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
After reaching hurricane strength on August 5 south of the Mississippi River Delta, the storm strengthened further into a modern-day Category 2 hurricane, with maximum sustained winds of 100 mph (155 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 972 mbar (hPa; 28.71 inHg) at 0600 UTC on August 7. The hurricane moved ashore near Sabine Pass, Texas later that day at peak strength. Once inland, the storm executed a sharp curve to the north and quickly weakened, degenerating into a tropical storm on August 8 before dissipating over Arkansas on August 10.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
Reports of a potentially destructive hurricane near the United States Gulf Coast forced thousands of residents in low-lying areas to evacuate prior to the storm moving inland. Offshore, the hurricane generated rough seas and a strong storm surge, peaking at 6.4 ft (1.95 m) on the western edge of Lake Pontchartrain. The anomalously high tides flooded many of Louisiana's outlying islands, inundating resorts. Strong winds caused moderate infrastructural damage, primarily in Texas, though its impact was mainly to communication networks along the U.S. Gulf Coast which were disrupted by the winds.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
However, much of the property and crop damage wrought by the hurricane was due to the torrential rainfall it produced in low-lying areas, setting off record floods. Rainfall peaked at 37.5 in (953 mm) in Miller Island off Louisiana, making it the wettest tropical cyclone in state history. Nineteen official weather stations in both Texas and Louisiana observed record 24-hour rainfall totals for the month of August as a result of the slow-moving hurricane. Property, livestock, and crops – especially cotton, corn, and pecan crops – were heavily damaged. Entire ecosystems were also altered by the rainfall. Overall, the storm caused $10.75 million in damages and seven fatalities.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
A storm of potentially Cape Verde origin was detected in the Virgin Islands at 1800 UTC on August 5. Initially moving westward, the tropical storm gradually gained in intensity before making a sharp curve towards the north on August 8. The storm continued in a northerly motion before a second curvature brought it in a generally westward direction on August 9. Shortly after, the tropical storm reached hurricane intensity as a modern-day Category 1 hurricane. The hurricane eventually made landfall at peak intensity on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina at 2030 UTC on September 21.


1940 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
At the time, the storm had maximum sustained winds of 100 mph (155 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 972 mbar (hPa; 28.71 inHg), equivalent to a modern-day Category 2 hurricane. Once inland, the tropical cyclone gradually weakened, and recurved northeastward before dissipating over the Appalachian Mountains on August 14.