1937 Florida Gators football team, Game summaries, Temple
Mayberry starred in a close loss to coach Pop Warner's Temple Owls, keeping the 10,000 spectators "in an uproar for nearly three periods."


1937 Florida Gators football team, Game summaries, Georgia
The 1937 team defeated the Georgia Bulldogs in the two teams' annual rivalry game for the first time in eight years.


1937 Florida Gators football team, Postseason
Tiger Mayberry ranked second in the country with 818 rushing yards; only Byron White exceeded Mayberry's rushing total that year.


1937 Florida Gators football team, Postseason
Mayberry also intercepted six passes when the Gators' opponents only threw 57 balls, and was a first-team All-SEC selection by the conference coaches and sportswriters on behalf of the Associated Press.


1937 Football Championship of the Ukrainian SSR
The 1937 Football Championship of UkrSSR were part of the 1937 Soviet republican football competitions in the Soviet Ukraine.


1937 Football Championship of the Ukrainian SSR, Ukrainian clubs at the All-Union level
Dynamo Kyiv (Gruppa A), Dynamo Odesa (Gruppa V), Lokomotyv Kyiv (Gruppa V), Stakhanovets Stalino (Gruppa V), Dynamo Dnipropetrovsk (Gruppa V), Traktor Kharkiv (Gruppa V), Spartak Kharkiv (Gruppa V), Silmash Kharkiv (Gruppa V), Dynamo Kharkiv (Gruppa V), Frunze Factory Kostiantynivka (Gruppa G), Stal Dnipropetrovsk (Gruppa G), Lokomotyv Dnipropetrovsk (Gruppa D), Sudnobudivnyk Mykolaiv (Gruppa D), Spartak Kyiv (Gruppa D)


1937 Ford
The Ford line of cars was updated in 1937 with one major change — the introduction of an entry-level 136 CID (2.2 L) V8 in addition to the popular 221 CID (3.6 L) flathead V8. The model was a refresh of its predecessor, the Model 48 (itself based on the Model 40A), and was the company's main product. It was redesigned more thoroughly in 1941. At the start of production, it cost US$850 ($15,302 in 2020 dollars ).


1937 Ford
The Ford Line bore several model numbers during this period: For domestic 1937 production in the United States Ford Model Numbers for 85 hp V-8 equipped cars was Model 78 and  60 hp V-8 cars was Model 74. Models 81A and 82A in 1938, and Models 91A and 92A in 1939.


1937 Ford, 1937
The 1937 Ford featured a more rounded look with fine horizontal bars in the convex front and hood-side grilles. The front grille was V-shaped, rather than following the fenders into a pentagon shape, as on the 1936 model. Faired-in headlights installed in the front fenders were a major modernization found on both the Standard and DeLuxe trim versions, and the introduction of an all steel top for the passenger compartment.


1937 Ford, 1937
The Standard could be distinguished from the DeLuxe by the body color radiator grilles and windshield frames while the DeLuxe had walnut woodgrain window mouldings and exterior trim brightwork, and a woodgrain finish applied to the interior window trim. A larger water pump was used to help aid in cooling. 'Slantback' sedans gained a rear trunk door, though space was limited, and 'Trunkback' versions continued gaining sales. The station wagon had seating for eight passengers. A 4-door "convertible sedan" with roll up windows was offered in small numbers in the DeLuxe series. Also, new seats were used.


1937 Ford, 1938
The 1938 recession hurt sales, as did Ford's continuing of the 1937 cars, including most body panels. 1938 DeLuxe models were differentiated with a heart-shaped grille, though standard models retained the 1937 look. The fading Slantback sedan design was cancelled for good. Only a V8 was offered, either a 60 hp V8 or an 85 hp V8. A new dash was used, with recessed controls for safety.


1937 Ford, 1938
The 1938 trucks were finally updated, having continued with 1935 looks. Changes included a vertical oval grille and substantial fenders and bumpers.


1937 Ford, 1939
The Ford's look was again modernized for 1939 — the Deluxe used a low pointed grille with heavier vertical slats, while the standard Ford had a higher grille with horizontal dividers. The headlights (the example illustrated has been converted to '40 Ford sealed beam headlamps - '39s used bulb and reflector lamps, the last year for them) were moved farther apart, sitting almost in front of the wheels. The side grilles and louvers were removed in favor of chrome strips on Deluxe models. The "alligator" hood opened deep from the top of the grille back, eliminating the side panels found on previous models.


1937 Ford, 1939
Mechanically, Ford put hydraulic brakes on their cars for the very first time.


1937 Ford, 1939
The phaeton, club coupe, and convertible club coupe models were discontinued. The engine was also revised for 1939 with downdraft carburetors widening the torque band but leaving power unchanged at 85 hp (63 kW). Hydraulic brakes were a major advance across the Ford line.


1937 Ford, 1939
Ford's upscale Mercury line also made its debut in 1939, filling the gap between the Deluxe Fords and the Lincoln-Zephyr line.


1937 Ford, 1940
A high flat-topped hood dominated the front look of the 1940 model, as the grille spread out to reach the fenders to differentiate the Deluxe line and the headlights were pushed wider still. The standard Ford inherited the grille of the 1939 model with blackout on each side of a heavy chrome center; heavier headlight surrounds serve as another major differentiator from the 1939. 1940 was the last year of the 1937 design and its smaller V8 engine, with a straight-six engine to be reintroduced the following year. Sealed-beam headlights were one of the few major advances for 1940, while a hydraulic top was new on the convertible.


1937 Ford, Legacy
The 1937-1940 generation of Fords is one of the most popular automobiles for hot rodding. Early stock car racing drivers also used Fords of this generation among other cars. This Ford also formed the basis for a style of dirt track racing car.


1937 Fordham Rams football team
The 1937 Fordham Rams football team represented Fordham University during the 1937 college football season. Once again, the Rams' offense dominated with over 100 points scored in the first two games. The defense held every opponent to seven points or less per game, and recorded five shutouts, including top-ranked Pittsburgh and No. 19 ranked North Carolina. The Rams' went undefeated with a 7–0–1 record and were third in the final AP rankings, only giving up 16 points all season.


1937 Fordham Rams football team
For the third consecutive year, Fordham and Pitt played to a scoreless tie. The season's first AP poll was released a few days later, with Pitt third and Fordham ninth; the Panthers finished the season as national champions at 9–0–1.


1937 Fox vault fire
A major fire broke out in a 20th Century-Fox film-storage facility in Little Ferry, New Jersey, United States, on July 9, 1937. Flammable nitrate film had previously contributed to several fires in film-industry laboratories, studios, and vaults, although the precise causes were often unknown. In Little Ferry, gases produced by decaying film, combined with high temperatures and inadequate ventilation, resulted in spontaneous combustion.


1937 Fox vault fire
One death and two injuries resulted from the fire, which also destroyed all the archived film in the vaults, resulting in the loss of most of the silent films produced by the Fox Film Corporation before 1932. Also destroyed were negatives from Educational Pictures to Belarusfilm (with which Fox was then affiliated) and films of several other studios. The fire brought attention to the potential for decaying nitrate film to spontaneously ignite, and changed the focus of film preservation efforts to include a greater focus on fire safety.


1937 Fox vault fire, Background, Nitrate film
The early motion-picture industry primarily used film stock made of nitrocellulose, commonly called nitrate film. This film is flammable, and produces its own oxygen supply as it burns. Nitrate fires burn rapidly and cannot be extinguished, as they are capable of burning even under water. Nitrocellulose is also subject to thermal decomposition and hydrolysis, breaking down over time in the presence of high temperatures and moisture. This decaying film stock releases nitrogen oxides that themselves contribute to the decay and make the damaged film burn more easily. Under the right conditions, nitrate film can even spontaneously combust.


1937 Fox vault fire, Background, Nitrate film
In part because of substantial variability in the manufacturing of early film, considerable uncertainty exists about the circumstances necessary for self-ignition. Sustained temperatures of 100 °F (38 °C) or higher, large quantities of nitrate film, increased humidity, poor ventilation, and aged or decaying film have all been considered risk factors. Most such fires in film archives have taken place in heat waves during summers, in closed facilities with limited ventilation, compounding several of these variables. Especially in confined areas, such fires can result in explosions.


1937 Fox vault fire, Background, Nitrate film
Large and dangerous fires sometimes resulted. On May 4, 1897, one of the first major fires involving nitrate film began when a Lumière projector caught fire at the Bazar de la Charité in Paris. The resulting blaze caused 126 deaths. In the United States, a series of fires occurred at industry facilities. The Lubin Manufacturing Company's vault in Philadelphia exploded on June 13, 1914, followed on December 9 by a fire that destroyed Thomas Edison's laboratory complex in West Orange, New Jersey.


1937 Fox vault fire, Background, Nitrate film
The New York studio of the Famous Players Film Company burned in September 1915; in July 1920, the shipping facility of its corporate successor, Famous Players-Lasky, was destroyed by a fire in Kansas City, Missouri, despite construction intended to minimize that risk. The United Film Ad Service vault, also in Kansas City, burned on August 4, 1928, and a fire was reported at Pathé Exchange nine days later. In October 1929, the Consolidated Film Industries facility was badly damaged by a nitrate fire. Spontaneous combustion was not proven to have occurred in any of these fires, and may not have been recognized as possible before a 1933 study determined that the temperatures necessary for nitrate film to self-ignite had been overestimated.


1937 Fox vault fire, Background, Little Ferry
In the earlier 20th century, nearby Fort Lee on the Hudson Palisades was home to many film studios of America's first motion picture industry. When Little Ferry, New Jersey, contractor William Fehrs was hired to construct a film-storage facility in 1934, he designed the structure to be fireproof. The building had 12-inch (30 cm) brick outer walls and a reinforced concrete roof. Internally, it was divided into 48 individual vaults, each enclosed behind a steel door and separated by 8-inch (20 cm) brick interior walls. The local fire department confirmed Fehrs's fireproofing. However, it had neither a fire sprinkler system nor mechanical ventilation, and no security guard was employed to watch the facility. Despite the potential fire danger of stored film, the building was located in a residential neighborhood.


1937 Fox vault fire, Background, Little Ferry
Film processing company DeLuxe Laboratories owned the building and rented it to 20th Century-Fox to store the silent films acquired from Fox Film Corporation after its merger with Twentieth Century Pictures.


1937 Fox vault fire, Fire
Northern New Jersey experienced a heat wave in July 1937, with daytime temperatures of 100 °F (38 °C) and warm nights. The sustained heat contributed to nitrate decomposition in the film vaults, and the building's ventilation was inadequate to prevent a dangerous buildup of gases. At some time shortly after 2:00 am on July 9, spontaneous ignition occurred in the vault at the building's northwest corner. Local truck driver Robert Davison observed flames coming from one of the structure's window vents, and within five minutes, used a municipal fire alarm call box to report the fire.


1937 Fox vault fire, Fire
Davison then attempted to awaken the residents of the surrounding houses, many of whom were already alerted to the situation by the noise and intense heat. As the contents of additional vaults ignited, bursts of flame shot out 100 feet (30 m) horizontally across the ground from the windows, and a similar distance into the air from the building's roof vents. When the fire spread to the vaults in the south and east of the building, they exploded, damaging the brickwork and blowing out window frames.


1937 Fox vault fire, Fire
Anna Greeves and her two sons, John and Charles, were caught in a "sheet of flame" while attempting to flee the area. All three were seriously burned; 13-year-old Charles eventually died from his injuries on July 19. Other families were able to escape unharmed, as the fire spread to five neighboring residences and destroyed two vehicles.


1937 Fox vault fire, Fire
Little Ferry firefighters first arrived at 02:26, followed by companies from Hawthorne, Ridgefield Park, River Edge, and South Hackensack. It took 150 men employing 14 hose streams to put the fire out by 5:30. All the film in the facility was destroyed; more than 40,000 reels of negatives and prints burned to ashes inside their film cans. The building was also badly damaged. Exploding vaults had destroyed segments of both the exterior walls and interior partitions, and had deformed the structure's concrete roof. Total property damage was estimated at $150,000–200,000. Fifty-seven truckloads of burned film were hauled from the site to have their silver content extracted. Each can contained about five cents' worth of silver; the salvaged metal returned $2,000.


1937 Fox vault fire, Legacy
Although 20th Century-Fox officials at the time remarked that "only old films" were destroyed, the fire is now understood as a significant loss of American film heritage. Motion picture historian Anthony Slide called the destruction of the Fox vault "the most tragic" American nitrate fire. The highest-quality examples of every Fox film produced prior to 1932 were destroyed; all known copies of many movies had been stored in the facility. Films lost to the fire include pictures starring Theda Bara, Shirley Mason, William Farnum, and many others.


1937 Fox vault fire, Legacy
Tom Mix made 85 pictures with Fox, most of which were archived exclusively at Little Ferry. The grandfather of director Blake Edwards, J. Gordon Edwards, had directed all the highest-grossing epics for Fox and all the masters for his films were lost (though a few survive as low-quality prints, which were housed elsewhere). For some actors, such as Valeska Suratt, none of their films survived; "there are entire careers that don't exist because of [the fire]," according to Museum of Modern Art film curator Dave Kehr. Because some copies were located elsewhere, some of Fox's silent films survive as lower-quality prints – or fragments – but more than 75% of Fox's feature films from before 1930 are completely lost.


1937 Fox vault fire, Legacy
The Little Ferry vaults also held works by other film studios that had contracted with Fox for distribution. Educational Pictures lost more than 2000 silent negatives and prints; the company's sound films survived. Also present was the original negative of D. W. Griffith's Way Down East (which Fox had purchased with the intent of remaking), the negative for the controversial Christie Productions sponsored film The Birth of a Baby and films produced by Sol Lesser under his imprints Atherton Productions, Peck's Bad Boy Corporation, and Principal Pictures. Archival material intended for the Museum of Modern Art's Film Library was lost, as well.


1937 Fox vault fire, Legacy
The destruction of the Little Ferry facility spurred an interest in fire safety as an aspect of film preservation. Unlike previous large nitrate-film fires, investigators determined that the spontaneous combustion of decomposing film stock was responsible. They suggested that the older nitrocellulose film in the archive was of lower quality than their current film, thus more unstable. The Society of Motion Picture Engineers' Committee on Preservation of Film, three months after the vault fire, cited "recent and rather extensive film fires" as evidence that existing preservation efforts had failed to adequately address the risk of fire.


1937 Fox vault fire, Legacy
More heavily reinforced film vaults were suggested, to prevent fires in a single vault from destroying entire archival facilities. Film storage cabinets with ventilation and cooling systems were also proposed, as was further research into improving the quality of cellulose acetate film to encourage its use as a safer replacement for nitrate film. By the 1950s, the use of nitrate film in the United States had been essentially eliminated.


1937 French Championships (tennis)
The 1937 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 18 May until 30 May. It was the 42nd staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year.


1937 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Doubles
Gottfried von Cramm /  Henner Henkel defeated  Vernon Kirby /  Norman Farquharson  6–4, 7–5, 3–6, 6–1


1937 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's Doubles
Simonne Mathieu  /  Billie Yorke defeated  Dorothy Andrus /  Sylvie Jung Henrotin 3–6, 6–2, 6–2


1937 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Mixed Doubles
Simonne Mathieu /  Yvon Petra  defeated  Marie-Luise Horn /  Roland Journu  7–5, 7–5


1937 French Championships – Men's Singles
Henner Henkel defeated Bunny Austin 6–1, 6–4, 6–3 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1937 French Championships.


1937 French Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Henner Henkel is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1937 French Championships – Women's Singles
First-seeded Hilde Sperling defeated Simonne Mathieu 6–2, 6–4 in the final to win the Women's Singles tennis title at the 1937 French Championships.


1937 French Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Hilde Sperling is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.


1937 French Grand Prix
The 1937 French Grand Prix (formally the XXXI Grand Prix de l'Automobile Club de France) was a Grand Prix motor race which was held at Montlhéry, France on 4 July 1937. The race was held over 40 laps of the 12.5 km course for a total distance of 500 km. The race was won by Louis Chiron driving a Talbot. Similar to the 1936 race this year was run for sports cars. However, in order to help French manufacturers prepare for the new 1938 Grand Prix regulations, a 4.5L maximum engine capacity was imposed.


1937 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 1937 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented Fresno State Normal School during the 1937 college football season.


1937 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
Fresno State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC). The 1937 team was led by second-year head coach James Bradshaw and played home games at Fresno State College Stadium on the campus of Fresno City College in Fresno, California. They finished the season as champion of the FWC with a regular season record of seven wins, one loss and one tie (7–1–1, 4–0 FWC). The Bulldogs outscored their opponents 223–75 for the season. That included holding opponents under 10 points seven times, with four shutouts.


1937 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
At the end of the season, the Bulldogs were invited to play in their first postseason bowl game, the Christmas Day Charity Bowl game against Arkansas State Teachers played in Los Angeles. Fresno State won the game, 27–26, giving them a final record of eight wins, one loss and one tie (8–1–1).


1937 Fresno State Bulldogs football team, Team players in the NFL
No Fresno State Bulldog players were selected in the 1938 NFL Draft.


1937 GP Ouest–France
The 1937 GP Ouest-France was the seventh edition of the GP Ouest-France cycle race and was held on 1 September 1937. The race started and finished in Plouay. The race was won by Jean-Marie Goasmat.


1937 Gent–Wevelgem
The 1937 Gent–Wevelgem was the fourth edition of the Gent–Wevelgem cycle race and was held on 13 May 1937. The race started in Ghent and finished in Wevelgem. The race was won by Robert Van Eenaeme.


1937 George Washington Colonials football team
The 1937 George Washington Colonials football team was an American football team that represented George Washington University as an independent during the 1937 college football season. In its ninth and final season under head coach Jim Pixlee, the team compiled a 3–4–1 record and was outscored by a total of 105 to 104.


1937 Georgetown Hoyas football team
The 1937 Georgetown Hoyas football team was an American football team that represented Georgetown University as an independent during the 1937 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Jack Hagerty, the Hoyas compiled a 2–4–2 record and were outscored by a total of 71 to 70. The team played its home games at Griffith Stadium in Washington, D.C.


1937 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1937 Georgia Bulldogs football team  represented the Georgia Bulldogs of the University of Georgia during the 1937 college football season. The Bulldogs completed the season with a 6–3–2 record.


1937 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1937 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets of the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1937 college football season.


1937 German Grand Prix
The 1937 German Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held at the Nürburgring on 25 July 1937.


1937 German Grand Prix
Driver Ernst von Delius collided with Richard Seaman during this race on lap 6 and the accident was eventually fatal for von Delius, experiencing thrombosis. Von Delius was 25 years old.


1937 German Ice Hockey Championship
The 1937 German Ice Hockey Championship was the 21st season of the German Ice Hockey Championship, the national championship of Germany. Berliner Schlittschuhclub won the championship by defeating SC Riessersee in the final.


1937 German football championship
The 1937 German football championship, the 30th edition of the competition, was won by Schalke 04, the club's third German championship, by defeating 1. FC Nürnberg 2–0 in the final. For Schalke it was the half-way point of the club's most successful era, having won the 1934, 1935 final before the 1937 title and going on to win the 1939, 1940 and 1942 ones as well, winning six national championships all up during this time.


1937 German football championship
1. FC Nürnberg, the defending champions who had eliminated Schalke in the semi-finals in the previous season, already had six titles to their name at the time and would go on to win three more between 1948 and 1968 for a total of nine. The two clubs, Germany's most successful teams in the pre-Bundesliga era, had previously met in the 1934 final which Schalke had won 2–1 but would never encounter each other again in a championship final after 1937.


1937 German football championship
Karl Mayer of SV Werder Bremen and Ernst Kalwitzki of FC Schalke 04 where the joint top scorers of the 1937 championship with ten goals each. Kalwitzki would finish as the competition's top scorer twice more, in 1939 and 1943.


1937 German football championship
It was the first-ever German championship final to be played in the Olympiastadion in Berlin, build for the 1936 Summer Olympics.


1937 German football championship
FC Schalke 04 completed the 1936–37 season unbeaten, finishing the Gauliga Westfalen with 17 wins and one draw. The club than went on to win seven out of eight games in the championship and draw one, against SV Werder Bremen, to complete the league season with a record of 24 wins and two draws. After the German championship win Schalke went on to win the 1937 Tschammerpokal, the German Cup as well, by defeating Fortuna Düsseldorf 2–1 in the final.


1937 German football championship
The sixteen 1936–37 Gauliga champions competed in a group stage of four groups of four teams each, with the group winners advancing to the semi-finals. The two semi-final winners then contested the 1937 championship final.


1937 German football championship, Competition, Group 1
Group 1 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Nordmark, Ostpreußen, Sachsen and Schlesien:


1937 German football championship, Competition, Group 2
Group 2 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Brandenburg, Niedersachsen, Pommern and Westfalen:


1937 German football championship, Competition, Group 3
Group 3 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Hessen, Mitte, Südwest and Württemberg:


1937 German football championship, Competition, Group 4
Group 4 was contested by the champions of the Gauligas Bayern, Baden, Mittelrhein and Niederrhein:


1937 Giro d'Italia
The 1937 Giro d'Italia was the 25th edition of the Giro d'Italia, a cycling race organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 8 May in Milan with a stage that stretched 165 km (103 mi) to Turin, finishing back in Milan on 30 May after a split stage and a total distance covered of 3,840 km (2,386 mi). The race was won by the Italian rider Gino Bartali of the Legnano team, with fellow Italians Giovanni Valetti and Enrico Mollo coming in second and third respectively.


1937 Giro d'Italia, Participants
Of the 98 riders that began the Giro d'Italia on 8 May, 41 of them made it to the finish in Milan on 30 May. Riders were allowed to ride on their own or as a member of a team or group; 65riders competed as part of a team, while the remaining 33 competed independently. The four teams that partook in the race were: Bianchi, Fréjus, Ganna, and Legnano. Each team was composed of seven riders. There were also seven groups, made up of five riders each, that participated in the race. Those groups were: Italiani All'Estero, Bertoldo, Il Littoriale, S S. Parioli, Belgi, Svizzeri, and Tedeschi.


1937 Giro d'Italia, Participants
The peloton was composed primarily of Italian riders. The field featured four former Giro d'Italia winners with the 1931 race winner Francesco Camusso, 1934 winner Learco Guerra, Vasco Bergamaschi who won the race in 1935, and returning champion Gino Bartali. Other notable Italian riders included Olimpio Bizzi, Giovanni Valetti, and Giuseppe Olmo. Notable foreign entrants were the Belgian riders Alfons Deloor, Alfons Schepers, and Antoine Dignef, and also the Swiss rider Leo Amberg who placed high at the 1936 Tour de France.


1937 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider – wore a pink jersey. This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered as the winner of the Giro.


1937 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The liberi classification, one similar to the general classification was calculated, using only independent riders and riders that came as members of groups.


1937 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
In the mountains classification, the race organizers selected different mountains that the route crossed and awarded points to the riders who crossed them first.


1937 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The winner of the team classification was determined by adding the finish times of the best three cyclists per team together and the team with the lowest total time was the winner. If a team had fewer than three riders finish, they were not eligible for the classification. The group classification was decided in the same manner, but the classification was exclusive to the competing groups.


1937 Giro d'Italia, Classification leadership
The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.


1937 Giro di Lombardia
The 1937 Giro di Lombardia was the 33rd edition of the Giro di Lombardia cycle race and was held on 23 October 1937. The race started and finished in Milan. The race was won by Aldo Bini of the Bianchi team.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election
The sixteenth election to Glamorgan County Council, south Wales, took place in March 1937. It was preceded by the 1934 election and followed, due to the Second World War by the 1946 election.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, Overview
Labour's comfortable majority on the council, including the aldermanic bench, remained unchanged.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, Contested elections
Labour contested almost every seat on the council, with a significant proportion of candidates returned unopposed.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, Contested elections
Of the eleven aldermen retiring at the end of their sixth year term, the ten Labour aldermen all sought re-election while Rev D.H. Williams (Ind) stood down from the Council after over thirty years. Alderman Dorothy Rees (Lab), who was elected for three years to fill a vacancy in 1934, also sought re-election.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, Outcome
Labour retained their majority, losing two seats but gaining three.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Barry
Dudley Howe had previously represented Cadoxton and gained the neighbouring Barry ward from Labour. However, Labour won Cadoxton for the first time against the new candidate.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Mountain Ash
The sitting member, the Hon. John Bruce (Ind) stood down and Labour gained the seat without a contest.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, Election of Aldermen
In addition to the 66 councillors the council consisted of 22 county aldermen. Aldermen were elected by the council, and served a six-year term. Following the 1937 election, there were eleven Aldermanic vacancies, and the retiring aldermen were all re-elected.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, By-elections, Barry Dock by-election
Labour lost the by-election held following the re-election of Dorothy Rees to the aldermanic bench. The Labour candidate had been elected following Rees's original election as alderman three years previously and at the recent election had unsuccessfully contested the neighbouring Barry ward.


1937 Glamorgan County Council election, By-elections, Port Talbot by-election
Joe Brown, former agent to Ramsay Macdonald when he was MP for Abervaron, failed to gain the Labour nomination and ran as an Independent.


1937 Glasgow Hillhead by-election
The Glasgow Hillhead by-election of 1937 was held on 10 June 1937. The by-election was held due to the elevation to the peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, Robert Horne. It was won by the Conservative candidate James Reid. Reid felt that his victory was a good result and said it showed that Glasgow retained confidence in the National Government. He also believed the drop in vote for his party was due to electors being on holiday and unable to return to Glasgow to vote and because an old electoral register was used.


1937 Glasgow Hillhead by-election
The turnout of 56% was the lowest that had yet been seen in Hillhead, being significantly lower than the previous low turnout of 63% set in 1918, while the Independent candidate, David J. Black's vote total was the lowest for any candidate who had contested a parliamentary election in Glasgow up until that point. Black, who styled himself a 'Liberal-Unionist', ran what was described by the Glasgow Herald as an 'unorthodox' campaign that 'was probably the only piquant touch in an otherwise matter-of-fact by-election'.


1937 Glasgow Springburn by-election
The Glasgow Springburn by-election, 1937 occurred in Glasgow Springburn on 7 September 1937, which (unusually for a UK election) was a Tuesday.


1937 Glasgow Springburn by-election
It was caused by the death of George Hardie. It was won by his widow Agnes Hardie.


1937 Glasgow Springburn by-election, Campaign
The main issue of discussion related not to local concerns, but national concerns of rearmament. There had been much debate within the Labour Movement, including the Labour Party and the Trades Union Congress, about the National Government's reaction to the emerging situation in Europe. This led eventually to a commitment not to reverse the rearmament program until the international situation had changed. The Conservative candidate, Colonel McInnes Shaw, was unable to speak at all for eight days during the campaign due to a throat illness and Mrs. Hardie gave only a brief address (with no questions) at an eve-of-poll address.


1937 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team
The 1937 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Gonzaga University as an independent during the 1937 college football season. In their seventh year under head coach Mike Pecarovich, the Bulldogs compiled a 2–6–2 record and were outscored by a total of 138 to 44.


1937 Gordon state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Gordon on 7 August 1937 because of the resignation of Sir Philip Goldfinch (United Australia).


1937 Governor General's Awards
The 1937 Governor General's Awards for Literary Merit were the second rendition of the Governor General's Awards, Canada's annual national awards program which then comprised literary awards alone. The awards recognized Canadian writers for new English-language works published in Canada during 1937 and were presented in 1938. There were no cash prizes.


1937 Governor General's Awards
Poetry or drama was introduced as a third category alongside the original awards for fiction and non-fiction. There was one award in each, which recognized English-language works only.


1937 Grand National
The 1937 Grand National was the 96th renewal of the world-famous Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 19 March 1937. The estimated crowd of 300,000 is believed by the Aintree executive to be a record for the race, though only those who watched from the racecourse proper were charged admission.


1937 Grand National
In attendance at Aintree were King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. The steeplechase was won by the aptly-named Royal Mail, at odds of 100/6. The eight-year-old was ridden by jockey Evan Williams and trained by Ivor Anthony, for owner Hugh Lloyd Thomas.


1937 Grand National
Golden Miller, winner in 1934, went off as 8/1 favourite but refused at the tenth fence, the same obstacle he refused to jump in the 1935 National. Cooleen finished the race in second place, and finished fourth the following year and again in 1939. Pucka Belle was third and Ego fourth. Thirty-three horses ran and all returned safely to the stables.


1937 Grand National, Media Coverage and Aftermath
Sixteen-year-old Bruce Hobbs was the youngest rider in the race and later commented that he would have been placed on his mount, Flying Minutes had he not become too excited four fences from home and fallen off in a manner similar to stepping of a bicycle. "Luckily there were no photographers at the fence to record it and I wasn't hurt." Unfortunately for Hobbs he had forgotten that the newsreel cameras had covered the entire race and had indeed captured his fall on film


1937 Grand Prix season
The 1937 Grand Prix season was the fifth AIACR European Championship season. The championship was won by Rudolf Caracciola, driving for the Mercedes-Benz team. Caracciola won three of the five events that counted towards the championship.


1937 Grand Prix season
This season saw the most powerful Grand Prix cars so far, Mercedes-Benz supercharged 5.6L inline-8 engines boasting nearly 650 bhp. Considering that an average saloon car produced around 25 bhp at the time, the performance of these single-seaters was extremely high compared with any other season in modern motorsport; so much so that for the first time ever, regulations were put in force for the following year to limit the engines' size capacity to reduce their power and to add weight to the cars to make them slower.


1937 Grand Prix season
Mercedes-Benz's development of their technology was thanks almost entirely to the state-subsidies that they were receiving from the Nazi German government at the time. The amount of power the supercharged Mercedes-Benz W125's had was not equaled in racing cars until American Can-Am cars in the late 1960s, and European Grand Prix cars did not have this kind of power again until the early 1980s (a span of nearly 45 years), when Grand Prix racing had long since become Formula One.


1937 Great Hong Kong typhoon
The 1937 Great Hong Kong Typhoon was an unnamed typhoon in Hong Kong on 2 September 1937. It was one of the deadliest typhoons in Hong Kong history killing 11,000 people. In Macau, 21 people died by this typhoon.


1937 Great Hong Kong typhoon, History
Victoria Harbour at the time was the seventh busiest in the world. It was always busy with sampans, junks, ferries, cargo ships, ocean liners, yachts and warships. The typhoon wind was so strong that observatory instruments capable of registering winds up to 125 mph broke down.


1937 Great Hong Kong typhoon, History
Royal Observatory Hong Kong have since recorded the wind with a mean hourly wind average of 59 knots, 68 mph, 109 km/h, a 10-minute mean Wind of 74 knots, 85 mph, 137 km/h. The maximum gust was at 130 knots, 149 mph, 240 km/h. The piston of the anemometer hit the stops at 130 knots (240 km/h) and the true maximum gust could not be recorded. The typhoon was so powerful that it caused a 9.1 m (30 ft) tidal wave that swept through the villages of Taipo and Shatin. The villages suffered massive damage and many fatalities.


1937 Great Hong Kong typhoon, History
The hurricane signal, equivalent to the hurricane signal number 10 in modern days in Hong Kong SAR, was hoisted a few hours prior to its closet approach at 15 km to the south-southwest of Hong Kong.


1937 Great Hong Kong typhoon, History
Other storms that hoisted the hurricane signal prior to 1946 include:


1937 Green Bay Packers season
The 1937 Green Bay Packers season was their 19th season overall and their 17th season in the National Football League. The team finished with a 7–4 record under coach Curly Lambeau, earning them a second-place finish in the Western Conference.


1937 Green Bay Packers season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.


1937 Group B (Soviet football championship)
The 1937 Gruppa B was fourth season of the Soviet (second tier) professional football competitions.


1937 Group B (Soviet football championship), Teams, Promoted
One team was promoted from the 1936 Gruppa V fall tournament.


1937 Gwydir by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Gwydir on 8 May 1937. This was triggered by the resignation of Country Party MP Aubrey Abbott to become Administrator of the Northern Territory.


1937 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team
The 1937 Hardin–Simmons Cowboys football team was an American football team that represented Hardin–Simmons University as an independent during the 1937 college football season. In its third season under head coach Frank Kimbrough, the team compiled an 8–0–1 record and shut out five of nine opponents.


1937 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1937 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University as an independent during the 1937 college football season. In its third season under head coach Dick Harlow, the team compiled a 5–2–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 158 to 46. The team played its home games at Harvard Stadium in Boston.


1937 Hastings by-election
The Hastings by-election of 1937 was held on 24 November 1937. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, Eustace Percy. It was won by the Conservative candidate Maurice Hely-Hutchinson.


1937 Hawthorn Football Club season
The 1937 season was the Hawthorn Football Club's 13th season in the Victorian Football League and 36th overall.


1937 Hemel Hempstead by-election
The Hemel Hempstead by-election of 1937 was held on 22 June 1937. The by-election was held due to the elevation to the peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, J. C. C. Davidson. It was won by the Conservative candidate, his wife Frances Davidson, Viscountess Davidson.


1937 Hofstra Flying Dutchmen football team
The 1937 Hofstra Flying Dutchmen football team represented Hofstra University during the 1937 college football season. It was the program's first-ever season and they finished with a record of 2–4. Their head coach was Jack McDonald and their captain was Al Sorrentino.


1937 Holland with Boston by-election
The Holland with Boston by-election, 1937 was a parliamentary by-election held on 24 June 1937 for the British House of Commons constituency of Holland with Boston.


1937 Holland with Boston by-election, Previous MP
The seat had become vacant when the constituency's National Liberal Member of Parliament (MP), Sir James Blindell (1884 – 10 May 1937) died.


1937 Holland with Boston by-election, Previous MP
He was first elected as the constituency's MP at the 1929 Holland with Boston by-election, caused by the death of the Conservative MP Arthur Dean. Blindell overturned a Conservative majority of nearly 5,000 to win with a majority of 3,706. His victory was the last Liberal by-election gain until Torrington in 1958.


1937 Holland with Boston by-election, Previous MP
Blindell was re-elected as a Liberal at the 1929 general election, but in 1931 he was one of the Liberal MPs who broke with their party to support Ramsay MacDonald's National Government, eventually forming the National Liberal Party.


1937 Holland with Boston by-election, Previous MP
He was re-elected as a National Liberal at the 1931 general election and at the 1935 general election. In both elections, the Conservatives (who also supported the National Government) did not field a candidate against him, and he was returned with large majorities.


1937 Holland with Boston by-election, Candidates
Two candidates were nominated. The list below is set out in descending order of the number of votes received at the by-election.


1937 Holland with Boston by-election, Candidates
1. The National Liberal Party candidate, supporting the National government, was Herbert Walter Butcher (12 June 1901 - 11 May 1966). After winning the by-election he retained the seat until he retired in 1966, shortly before he died.


1937 Holland with Boston by-election, Candidates
2. Representing the Labour Party was E.E. Reynolds. He had previously contested Holland with Boston in the 1935 general election.


1937 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
The 1937 Holy Cross Crusaders football team represented the College of the Holy Cross during the 1937 college football season. The Crusaders were led by fifth-year head coach Eddie Anderson and played their home games at Fitton Field in Worcester, Massachusetts and Fenway Park in Boston. Despite losing key defensive players from the year prior, the Crusaders' defense was one of the best in the country, allowing only three touchdowns all season. Holy Cross went undefeated on the year, with a record of 8–0–2, finishing tied for 14th in the final AP Poll.


1937 Home Nations Championship
The 1937 Home Nations Championship was the thirty-third series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Five Nations, and prior to that, the Home Nations, this was the fiftieth series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Six matches were played between 16 January and 3 April. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.


1937 Homestead Grays season
The 1937 Homestead Grays baseball team represented the Homestead Grays in the Negro National League (NNL) during the 1937 baseball season. The team compiled a 60–19–1 (.756) record and won the NNL pennant.


1937 Homestead Grays season
The team featured six individuals who were later inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame, including catcher Josh Gibson, first baseman Buck Leonard, shortstop Willie Wells, third baseman Ray Dandridge, and pitcher Ray Brown.


1937 Homestead Grays season
The team's leading pitchers were Ray Brown (11–3, 3.21 ERA), Edsall Walker (7–1, 3.75 ERA), and Roy Welmaker (5–0, 2.31 ERA).


1937 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1937 Hong Kong municipal election was supposed to be held on January 1937 for the one of the 2 unofficial seats in the Urban Council of Hong Kong. It was supposed to be the first election of the Urban Council.


1937 Hong Kong municipal election
Dr. Roberto Alexandre de Castro Basto was again elected without being contested.


1937 Howard Bulldogs football team
The 1937 Howard Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Howard College (now known as the Samford University) as a member of the Dixie Conference during the 1937 college football season. In their third year under head coach Billy Bancroft, the team compiled a 5–3 record.


1937 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1937 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State College during the 1937 college football season. They competed as an independent.


1937 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
The 1937 Lumberjacks were led by head coach Charlie Erb in his third and last year at the helm. They played home games at Albee Stadium in Eureka, California. Humboldt State finished with a record of four wins and two losses (4–2). The Lumberjacks outscored their opponents 119–27 for the season, which included three shutouts.


1937 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team
In three years under coach Erb, the Lumberjacks compiled a record of 15–6–1 (.705). That's the second highest winning percentage of any Humboldt State coach, behind Phil Sarboe at (.729).


1937 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team, Team players in the NFL
No Humboldt State players were selected in the 1938 NFL Draft.


1937 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1937 Ice Hockey World Championships were held between February 17 and February 27, 1937, in London, England. Eleven teams took part in this World Championship. Teams from Austria and Czechoslovakia were supposed to be in attendance as well but had issues travelling, and cancelled.


1937 Ice Hockey World Championships
In the preliminary round, the teams were divided into three groups: two groups of four teams and a group with three teams. The top three teams in the groups with four teams and the top two in the group with three teams advanced to the second round. The second round consisted of two groups of four with the top two teams in each group advancing to the final round. The other four team in the second round played in the consolation round for places 5-8. The three teams that did not advance to the second round were supposed to play off for ninth through eleventh place, but first Romania, then both Sweden and Norway decided not to continue playing.


1937 Ice Hockey World Championships
Canada won its ninth world championship title while the host, Great Britain, won its third European championship. The British team, using many of the players from the previous year's Olympics, won their first seven games by a combined total of forty-five to zero, before losing to Canada. The Swiss team finished third, with their final round losses to Canada and Great Britain both coming in overtime.


1937 Icelandic parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 29 June 1937. Although the Independence Party won a plurality of votes, the Progressive Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 12 of the 33 seats.


1937 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1937 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1937 college football season. The Vandals were led by third-year head coach Ted Bank, and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. Home games were played on campus in Moscow at the new Neale Stadium, with one in Boise at Public School Field.


1937 Idaho Vandals football team, Season
Led on the field by passing halfback Hal Roise, Idaho compiled a 4–3–1 overall record and were 2–2 in the PCC. The recently completed Neale Stadium hosted an upset homecoming win over favored Oregon State, the first of four straight wins to open the venue.


1937 Idaho Vandals football team, Season
In the Battle of the Palouse with neighbor Washington State, the Vandals suffered a tenth straight loss, falling 13–0 in the rain in Pullman on October 2. Idaho's most recent win in the series was a dozen years earlier in 1925 and the next was seventeen years away, in 1954.


1937 Idaho Vandals football team, Season
The Vandals finished the season with a pair of 6–0 shutout victories over Gonzaga in Spokane, and Montana in Moscow. It was the only loss of the year for the Grizzlies and their only conference game scheduled. The team recorded four shutouts and yielded only 53 points in eight games, but tallied only 35 and went scoreless three times.


1937 Idaho Vandals football team, Season
The winning season was the first for Idaho football in a decade and it was followed up with a better record in 1938. Future coaches among the Vandal players included Tony Knap, Lyle Smith, and Steve Belko.


1937 Idaho Vandals football team, All-conference
No Vandals were named to the All-Coast team; honorable mention were end Tony Knap, tackle George Thiessen, and guard Walter Musial.


1937 Ilford by-election
The Ilford by-election of 1937 was held on 29 June 1937. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, George Hamilton. It was won by the Conservative candidate Geoffrey Hutchinson.


1937 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1937 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1937 Big Ten Conference football season. In their 25th season under head coach Robert Zuppke, the Illini compiled a 3–3–2 record and finished in eighth place in the Big Ten Conference. Quarterback Jack Berner was selected as the team's most valuable player.


1937 Imperial Conference
The 1937 Imperial Conference was held in London from 14 May to 24 June 1937, following the coronation of King George VI on 12 May. It was the eighth and final Imperial Conference and the last meeting of British and dominion prime ministers held until World War II.


1937 Imperial Conference
Topics included the foreign affairs and defence - in particular whether or not the foreign policies of the dominions should follow that of the British government, trade policy and constitutional arrangements. On the last question, the proposal for an Imperial Federation was discussed and dismissed.


1937 Imperial Conference
The conference  was attended by representatives of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Southern Rhodesia and Burma. Newfoundland was represented by the UK Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs and the colonial empire by the UK Secretary of State for the Colonies. It was the first Imperial Conference in which the Irish Free State chose not to participate. Nonetheless, the Irish Free State was still regarded as a Commonwealth member.


1937 Imperial Conference
Delegates attended plenary meetings for the opening and closing sessions of the Conference, on 14 May and 15 June respectively, and during the intervening month there were twenty meetings of principal delegates. Sub-committees gave specialised attention to  a number of topics, including imperial shipping, economic questions, constitutional questions, civil air communications, Antarctica and the New Hebrides. During the conference, on 28 May, there was a changeover in the office of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from Stanley Baldwin to Neville Chamberlain.


1937 Imperial Conference
New Zealand Prime Minister Michael Joseph Savage attended, with High Commissioner Bill Jordan and civil servant Carl Berendsen (who recalled that neither Ireland or South Africa were represented). The New Zealand government was opposed to appeasement and Italy's invasion of Abyssinia (Ethiopia). Savage criticised appeasement at the conference, saying "Is your policy peace at any price; if it is so I cannot accept it". Anthony Eden replied "No, not at any price, but peace at almost any price", to which Savage replied: "You can pay too high a price even for peace".


1937 Imperial Conference, The Conference
The conference was hosted by King-Emperor George VI, with his Prime Ministers and members of their respective cabinets:


1937 Imperial Conference, References, Citations
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1937 Indian provincial elections
Provincial elections were held in British India in the winter of 1936-37 as mandated by the Government of India Act 1935. Elections were held in eleven provinces - Madras, Central Provinces, Bihar, Orissa, United Provinces, Bombay Presidency, Assam, NWFP, Bengal, Punjab and Sindh.


1937 Indian provincial elections
The final results of the elections were declared in February 1937. The Indian National Congress emerged in power in eight of the provinces - the exceptions being Punjab and Sindh. The All-India Muslim League failed to form the government in any province.


1937 Indian provincial elections
The Congress ministries resigned in October and November 1939, in protest against Viceroy Lord Linlithgow's action of declaring India to be a belligerent in the Second World War without consulting the Indian people.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Electorate
The Government of India Act 1935/ Legislative council 1935 increased the number of enfranchised people. Approximately 30 million people, among them some women, gained voting rights. This number constituted one-sixth of Indian adults. The Act provided for a limited adult franchise based on property qualifications such as land ownership and rent, and therefore favored landholders and richer farmers in rural areas.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results
At its 1936 session held in the city of Lucknow, the Congress party, despite opposition from the newly elected Nehru as the party president, agreed to contest the provincial elections to be held in 1937. The released Congress leaders anticipated the restoration of elections. They now had a stronger standing with their reputation enhanced by the civil disobedience movement under Gandhi's leadership. Through the elections the Congress sought to convert its popular movement into a political organisation. The Congress won 758 out of around 1500 seats in a resounding victory, and went on to form seven provincial governments. The Congress formed governments in United provinces, Bihar, the Central Provinces, Bombay and Madras.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results
The party's election platform had downplayed communalism and Nehru continued this attitude with the initiation of the March 1937 Muslim mass contact program. But the elections demonstrated that of the 482 Muslim seats the Congress had contested just 58 of them and won only 26 of those. In spite of this poor showing the Congress persisted in its claim that the party was representative of all communities. The Congress ministries did not succeed in attracting their Muslim countrymen. This was largely unintentional.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results
The 1937 elections demonstrated that neither the Muslim League nor the Congress represented Muslims. It also demonstrated the provincial moorings of Muslim politics. The Muslim League captured around 25 percent of the seats reserved for Muslims. The Congress Muslims achieved 6 percent of them. Most of the Muslim seats were won by regional Muslim parties. No Congress Muslim won in Sindh, Punjab, Bengal, Orissa, United Provinces, Central Provinces, Bombay and Assam. Most of the 26 seats the Congress captured were in NWFP, Madras and Bihar.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, Madras Presidency
In Madras, the Congress won 74% of all seats, eclipsing the incumbent Justice Party (21 seats).


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, Sindh
The Sind Legislative Assembly had 60 members. The Sind United Party emerged the leader with 22 seats, and the Congress secured 8 seats. Mohammad Ali Jinnah had tried to set up a League Parliamentary Board in Sindh in 1936, but he failed, though 72% of the population was Muslim. Though 34 seats were reserved for Muslims, the Muslim League could secure none of them.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, United Provinces
The UP legislature consisted of a Legislative Council of 52 elected and 6 or 8 nominated members and a Legislative Assembly of 228 elected members: some from exclusive Muslim constituencies, some from "General" constituencies, and some "Special" constituencies. The Congress won a clear majority in the United Provinces, with 133 seats, while the Muslim League won only 27 out of the 64 seats reserved for Muslims.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, United Provinces
The Congress refused the League's offer in the UP to form a coalition. The party offered the Muslim League a role in government if it merged itself into the Congress Party. While this position had a good basis it proved to be a mistake. The Congress disregarded that even though they had captured the large part of UP's general seats, they had not won any of the reserved Muslim seats, of which the Muslim League had won 29.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, Assam
In Assam, the Congress won 33 seats out of a total of 108 making it the single largest party, though it was not in a position to form a ministry. The Governor called upon Sir Muhammad Sadulla, ex-Judicial Member of Assam and Leader of the Assam Valley Muslim Party to form the ministry. The Congress was a part of the ruling coalition.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, Bombay
In Bombay, the Congress fell just short of gaining half the seats. However, it was able to draw on the support of some small pro-Congress groups to form a working majority. B.G. Kher became the first Chief Minister of Bombay.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, Punjab
After result Unionist Party under the leadership of Sikandar Hayat Khan formed the Government. Khalsa National Board and Hindu Election Board also gave their support to Unionist Party.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, Punjab
Sikandar Hayat Khan led a coalition government till his death. After his death he was succeeded by Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana on 12 December 1942.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, Other provinces
In three additional provinces, Central Provinces, Bihar, and Orissa, the Congress won clear majorities. In the overwhelmingly Muslim North-West Frontier Province, Congress won 19 out of 50 seats and was able, with minor party support, to form a ministry.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Election Campaign and results, Other provinces
In Bengal, though the Congress was the single largest party (with 54 seats), it was unable to form government. The Krishak Praja Party of A. K. Fazlul Huq (with 36 seats) was able to form a coalition government with support of the Muslim League. In 1941, when the Muslim League took back its support from KPP, the Congress  & Hindu Mahasabha formed coalition with Haq.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Muslim League
Jinnah took a nationalist stance and emulated the Congress' electoral campaign and appointed Muslim League Parliamentary Boards for the 1937 elections. Through this he expected to advance the party as a coalition partner for the Congress which they might need to form provincial governments. He miscalculated that the separate electorates system, with a larger electorate, would produce good results for the Muslim League. Of the 482 seats reserved for Muslims the League won just 109. The League won 29 seats in the United Provinces where it had competed for 35 out of the 66 seats for Muslims.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Muslim League
The League's top performance was in provinces where Muslims were minorities; there it cast itself as a protector of the community. Its performance in Punjab, where it won just two of the seven seats it vied for, was unsuccessful. It performed a little better in Bengal, capturing 39 of the 117 seats for Muslims, but could not form a government.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Muslim League
Muslim preference was to be represented by regional parties which were allied with those non-Muslims who were not supportive of the Congress. The Congress was victorious throughout India in the open constituencies. Muslim league was confronted with the fact that Hindu majority provinces would be ruled by Hindus but Muslim league would not rule the largest provinces with Muslim majorities: Bengal and Punjab. The Congress domination over the government made the prospects of federal Muslim politicians appear dismal. Regional parties kept the League out of power in those provinces with Muslim majorities while in the Hindu majority provinces it was unwanted by the Congress. Antagonised by this rebuff the League stepped up its efforts to attract a popular following.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Resignation of Congress ministries
Viceroy Linlithgow declared India at war with Germany on 3 September 1939. The Congress objected strongly to the declaration of war without prior consultation with Indians. The Congress Working Committee suggested that it would cooperate if there a central Indian national government were formed, and a commitment were made to India's independence after the war. The Muslim League promised its support to the British, with Jinnah calling on Muslims to help the Raj by "honourable co-operation" at the "critical and difficult juncture," while asking the Viceroy for increased protection for Muslims.


1937 Indian provincial elections, Resignation of Congress ministries
The government did not come up with any satisfactory response. Viceroy Linlithgow could only offer to form a 'consultative committee' for advisory functions. Thus, Linlithgow refused the demands of the Congress. On 22 October 1939, all Congress ministries were called upon to tender their resignations. Both Viceroy Linlithgow and Muhammad Ali Jinnah were pleased with the resignations. On 2 December 1939, Jinnah put out an appeal, calling for Indian Muslims to celebrate 22 December 1939 as a "Day of Deliverance" from Congress:


1937 Indian provincial elections, Resignation of Congress ministries
I wish the Musalmans all over India to observe Friday 22 December as the "Day of Deliverance" and thanksgiving as a mark of relief that the Congress regime has at last ceased to function. I hope that the provincial, district and primary Muslim Leagues all over India will hold public meetings and pass the resolution with such modification as they may be advised, and after Jumma prayers offer prayers by way of thanksgiving for being delivered from the unjust Congress regime.


1937 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1937 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1937 Big Ten Conference football season. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Bo McMillin, in his fourth year as head coach of the Hoosiers. Corbett Davis was selected as the team's most valuable player and also won the Chicago Tribune Silver Football as the most valuable player in the Big Ten Conference.


1937 Indianapolis 500
The 25th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Monday, May 31, 1937. With temperatures topping out at 92°F, it is one of the hottest days on record for the Indy 500.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Time trials
Ten-lap (25 mile) qualifying runs were utilized. During the time trials held on May 28, the car of Overton Phillips burst into flames when his crankshaft broke and punctured the gas tank. He then crashed into the pit area, killing spectator George Warford of Indianapolis. Injured were Phillips and his riding mechanic, Walter King, Anthony Caccia, the brother of Joe Caccia, who died in practice for the 1931 race, and Otto Rohde of Toledo, Ohio, a crew member for Champion Spark Plug. Rohde succumbed to his injuries on June 1, 1937.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Time trials
On the same day, having completed four of ten scheduled qualifying laps, Frank McGurk's car plunged through an inner rail, overturned and ejected both McGurk, who was hospitalized in serious condition but survived, and his riding mechanic, Albert Opalko, who was killed. The crash was caused by a broken connecting rod.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Time trials
* Bill Cummings' tenth lap of 125.139 mph was a one-lap Speedway track record at the time.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Race details
For 1937, riding mechanics were required. Jigger Johnson served as Wilbur Shaw's riding mechanic. Johnson, who also rode with 1931 winner Louis Schneider, became the second two-time Indianapolis 500 winning riding mechanic. Johnson would be the final winning riding mechanic in Indy history. Starting in the 1938 Indianapolis 500, riding mechanics were made optional, and would no longer be utilized in the race by any entrants.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Race details
After being banned for several years, superchargers were once again permitted.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Race details, Jimmy Snyder
One of the more notable performances of the 1937 race belonged to Jimmy Snyder. During time trials on May 22, Snyder took to the track for his 10-lap attempt late in the day, nearing sundown. He ran his first lap at a track record of 130.492 mph. His second lap (129.422 mph) and third lap (127.334 mph) dropped off, and then officials waved off the run due to darkness. Snyder's run was officially incomplete, but the single-lap track record stood.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Race details, Jimmy Snyder
The following day, Snyder returned to the track, and while he did not match his speed from the day before, he finished his run at 125.287 mph, the fastest qualifier in the field. He would line up 19th on race day.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Race details, Jimmy Snyder
At the start, Snyder blew by most of the field, and was running as high as 6th at the conclusion of the first lap. By the fourth lap he was in the lead, and proceeded to lead 24 laps. On lap 27, however, he dropped out with mechanical trouble.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Race details, Late Race Summary
Late in the race, Wilbur Shaw held a comfortable lead, and had lapped second place Ralph Hepburn. With about 20 laps to go, however, Shaw's car had been leaking oil, and had nearly lost nearly all of the oil out of the crankcase. In addition, the right rear tire was heavily worn. Shaw slowed down considerably in an effort to nurse his car to the finish line. Shaw and his riding mechanic John "Jigger" Johnson were both suffering from burns due to the leaking oil. Second place Hepburn realized Shaw's problems, and began a charge to catch him. He unlapped himself, and went on a tear in hopes of victory.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Race details, Late Race Summary
As the laps dwindled down, Ralph Hepburn was closing dramatically. Shaw was largely defenseless, as he was carefully nursing the car around. As the car went in and out of the turns, the oil pressure was rising and dropping, and Shaw was calculating how much time he could give up per lap and still maintain the lead. Hepburn closed to a straightaway deficit, then was nearly in reach. On the final lap Hepburn pulled to within a few seconds, and by the last turn he was directly behind Shaw and looking to pass him for the win.


1937 Indianapolis 500, Race details, Late Race Summary
With nothing to lose, Shaw floored the accelerator and pulled away down the final straight. He held off Hepburn for the win by 2.16 seconds, the closest finish in Indy 500 history to that point. The margin would stand as the closest finish ever at Indy until 1982.


1937 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1937 Individual Speedway World Championship was the second edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.


1937 Individual Speedway World Championship
An attendance of 85,000 (a record for speedway in the United Kingdom at the time) saw Jack Milne win all five races to head an all USA top three on the podium. The track was criticised and was described as being too deep with cinders.


1937 International Cross Country Championships
The 1937 International Cross Country Championships was held in Woluwe-Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium, at the Hippodrome de Stockel on March 20, 1937. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.


1937 International Cross Country Championships
Complete results, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1937 International Cross Country Championships, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 54 athletes from 6 countries.


1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 32nd edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. 20 teams entered the Europe Zone, while 4 teams entered the Americas Zone.


1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The United States defeated Australia in the Americas Zone final, while in the Europe Zone final Germany defeated Czechoslovakia. The United States defeated Germany in the Inter-Zonal play-off, and then defeated Great Britain in the Challenge Round. The final was played at the All England Club Centre Court in Wimbledon, London, England on 24–27 July.


1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge America Zone
The America Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge.


1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge America Zone
4 teams entered the America Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the Europe Zone. The United States defeated Australia in the final, and went on to face Germany in the Inter-Zonal Final.


1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge.


1937 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
20 teams entered the Europe Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the America Zone. Germany defeated Czechoslovakia in the final, and went on to face the United States in the Inter-Zonal Final.


1937 International University Games
The 1937 International University Games were organised by the Confederation Internationale des Etudiants (CIE) and held in Paris, France. Held from 21–29 August, 22 nations competed in fourteen sports. Boxing, cycling, field hockey, handball, and shooting all made their first appearance at the games. The gymnastics competition was dropped, however, and did not appear again until 1961. This tournament marked the first appearance of a South American nation, in the form of Brazil.


1937 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1937 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1937 Big Ten Conference football season. This was Irl Tubbs' first season as head coach of the Hawkeyes.


1937 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1937 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State College of Agricultural and Mechanic Arts (later renamed Iowa State University) in the Big Six Conference during the 1937 college football season. In their first season under head coach James J. Yeager, the Cyclones compiled a 3–6 record (1–4 against conference opponents), tied for last place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 161 to 50. They played their home games at State Field in Ames, Iowa.


1937 Iowa State Cyclones football team
Clarence Dee was the team captain. Two Iowa State players were selected as first-team all-conference players: guard Ed Bock and back Everett Kischer. Joe Truskowski and Cap Timm were the assistant coaches.


1937 Iranian legislative election
The elections for the eleventh Majlis were held during the spring and summer of 1937 and all deputies were elected to the parliament.


1937 Iranian legislative election
Like many other elections under the rule of Reza Shah, the election was "systematically controlled by the royal court". Well-known and important figures of ulama failed to win even a single seat in the elections.


1937 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1937 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during July with the final being held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on July 31.


1937 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
In the final Muinessa came out top in a very competitive final with all greyhounds showing in the final. Blackstream Bridge, Tee Bawn and Western Skipper all vied for the lead until the third bend before the other three greyhounds Muinessa, Another Sunville and Sure Line all joined them. As the pack approached the fourth bend Western Skipper was marginally ahead before a decisive late burst of pace by Muinessa sealed the win.


1937 Irish Greyhound Derby, Competition Report
Muinessa was bred by Simon Garrahan and owned by his niece Nuala O’Byrne and the final was a one-two finish for County Westmeath connections.


1937 Irish general election
The 1937 Irish general election was held on 1 July 1937, just over two weeks after the dissolution of the Dáil on 14 June. A plebiscite on whether to approve the new Constitution of Ireland was held on the same day. The newly elected 138 members of the 9th Dáil assembled at Leinster House on 21 July 1937 when the new President of the Executive Council and Executive Council of the Irish Free State were appointed. Fianna Fáil retained power, though it failed to achieve an outright majority.


1937 Irish general election
The general election took place in 34 parliamentary constituencies throughout the Irish Free State for 138 seats in the lower house of parliament, Dáil Éireann.


1937 Irish general election
For this election the number of seats in the Dáil was reduced by 15, from 153 to 138 seats.


1937 Isle of Man TT
The 1937 Isle of Man Tourist Trophy saw Freddie Frith break the 90+ mph lap for the first time during the Senior TT with a speed of 90.27 mph on his Norton beating Stanley Woods by only 15 seconds. Frith also beat Wood in the Junior TT but only with a second placing.


1937 Isle of Man TT
The popular Jimmie Guthrie, who was killed during the German Grand Prix later that year, won Junior race but retired in the Senior TT at the Cutting, where a memorial was erected. The location, on the uphill climb from Ramsey to the Bungalow, on the Mountain Course, is now known as the Guthrie Memorial.


1937 Isle of Man TT
Harold Daniell who had been a works rider for AJS entered the 1937 TT with a three-year-old Norton tuned by his brother-in-law, Steve Lancefield which gave him a fifth place, a finishing position he also achieved in the Junior TT.


1937 Isle of Man TT
In the Lightweight TT Omobono Tenni becomes the first foreigner to secure a victory in an Isle of Man TT race on his Moto Guzzi.


1937 Islington North by-election
The Islington North by-election, 1937 was a parliamentary by-election held on 13 October 1937 for the British House of Commons constituency of Islington North in Islington, North London.


1937 Islington North by-election
The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Albert Goodman, died on 22 August 1937, aged 57. He had held the seat since the 1931 general election.


1937 Islington North by-election
The result of the contest was a victory for the Labour candidate, Leslie Haden-Guest, who won with a majority of 1,296 over the Conservative candidate, former MP Sir Wilfrid Sugden. Haden Guest represented the constituency until he stepped down at the 1950 general election.


1937 Islington North by-election
The constituency has been held by Labour ever since, save for a brief period in the 1980s when incumbent Labour MP Michael O'Halloran joined the breakaway Social Democratic Party.


1937 Istres–Damascus–Paris Air Race
In 1937, a transatlantic race was proposed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of Charles Lindbergh's pioneering solo flight from New York to Paris. The race had twenty-two entrants. There was resistance to participating in the race from the United States because any accidents might create a bad impression of nascent transatlantic passenger services.


1937 Istres–Damascus–Paris Air Race
In June 1937, the Aero-Club de France changed the race to Istres - Damascus - Paris, a course representing a similar distance to the original transatlantic flight. Competitors were expected to travel non-stop from Istres to Damascus (2971 km). On the return leg, they had the option of stopping at any point. The aircraft and crew completing the 6190 km course in the least amount of time would win the race and a prize of 1.5 million French Francs awarded by the French Air Ministry.


1937 Istres–Damascus–Paris Air Race
Thirteen of the seventeen registered crews started the race on 20 August 1937. Among the competitors was Bruno Mussolini, the son of the Italian dictator. Take off times were staggered by nationality, with the French leaving first between 18:00 and 18:30; Britain (who had only one entrant) at 21:00; finally, the Italians took off between 22:00 and 22:30. Only nine crews completed the race. Lieutenant-Colonel Ranieri Cupini and Lieutenant-Colonel Amadeo Paradisi won the race, arriving at Le Bourget airport after 17 hours 32 minutes and 43.2 seconds, aboard their Savoia-Marchetti S-79. Italian crews also took the second and third places.


1937 Italian Grand Prix
The 1937 Italian Grand Prix was a "750 kg Formula" Grand Prix race held on 12 September 1937 at the Montenero Circuit in Livorno.


1937 Italian Grand Prix, Race report
Caracciola took an early lead from pole, Lang was second but he soon took the lead from Caracciola, the two Mercedes drivers pushing each other hard. Team manager Alfred Neubauer was not impressed by the internal fighting. The partisan crowd were disappointed when the Italian Nuvolari retired and gave his car to Farina.


1937 Italian Grand Prix, Race report
Von Brauchitsch and Kautz were out, the two leading Mercedes had a fierce fight to the flag with Caracciola blocking any attempt to pass by Lang. Rosemeyer couldn't match their pace and Caracciola held on for a win with Lang just 0.4s behind him at the flag.


1937 Japanese general election
General elections were held in Japan on 31 March 1937. Rikken Minseitō emerged as the largest in Parliament, with 179 of the 466 seats. The election was a major victory for the Shakai Taishūtō, which became the third-largest party in the Diet. It was the first socialist party to do so in Japanese history. In contrast, the mildly pro-military Rikken Minseitō lost several seats and fascist groups such as Tōhōkai remained minor forces in the House. A month after the election, the Emperor replaced Hayashi with Fumimaro Konoe. Voter turnout was 73.3%.


1937 Japanese general election, Background
In February 1937, General Senjūrō Hayashi was appointed prime minister. Just days after taking office and having the Diet enact a budget bill, he ordered a dissolution of the House of Representatives, hoping to weaken the major political parties. The act was opposed by the major political parties as well as by the general public, and quickly became known as the "dine and dash dissolution" (食い逃げ解散, kui-nige kaisan).


1937 Japanese general election, Background
In 1941, the Diet under the Konoe government passed a law extending the term of the Representatives from four years to five (衆議院議員任期延長ニ関スル法律). This allowed time to solidify the control of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association over Japanese politics. The Association effectively replaced all political parties in Japan and subsequently dominated the 1942 general election, although numerous factions developed within the Association's caucus in the House. The term extension was effectively repealed by the Constitution of Japan in 1947, which returned the representatives' term of office to 4 years.


1937 Kansas City Monarchs season
The 1937 Kansas City Monarchs baseball team represented the Kansas City Monarchs in the Negro American League (NAL) during the 1937 baseball season. The team compiled a 51–22–1 (.696) record and won the NAL pennant.


1937 Kansas City Monarchs season
The team featured four individuals who were later inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame: manager/pitcher Andy Cooper, left fielder Willard Brown, and pitcher Hilton Smith.


1937 Kansas City Monarchs season
The team's leading pitchers were Hilton Smith (11–4, 1.61 ERA), Vet Barnes (8–2, 2.27 ERA), and Johnny Markham (6–0, 4.43 ERA).


1937 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The 1937 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Big Six Conference during the 1937 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Adrian Lindsey, the Jayhawks compiled a 3–4–2 record (2–1–2 against conference opponents), finished in third place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 74 to 72. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas.


1937 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The team's statistical leaders included Clarence Douglass with 376 rushing yards and 27 points scored (four touchdowns and three extra points), Lyman Diven with 207 passing yards, Max Replogle with 180 receiving yards. George Stapleton was the team captain.


1937 Kansas State Wildcats football team
The 1937 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 1937 college football season. The team's head football coach was Wesley Fry, in his third year at the helm of the Wildcats. The Wildcats played their home games in Memorial Stadium.


1937 Kansas State Wildcats football team
Led by All-Conference back Elmer Hackney, Kansas State led the Big Six Conference in rushing offense and total offense in 1937. Nevertheless, the team finished the season with a 4–5 record and a 1–4 record in conference play, in a tie for last place. Despite a potent rushing game, the Wildcats scored only 76 points and gave up 84 points.


1937 Kent State Golden Flashes football team
The 1937 Kent State Golden Flashes football team was an American football team that represented Kent State University in the Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) during the 1937 college football season. In its third season under head coach Donald Starn, Kent State compiled a 3–4–1 record.


1937 Kentucky Derby
The 1937 Kentucky Derby was the 63rd running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 8, 1937.


1937 Kentucky Wildcats football team
The 1937 Kentucky Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented the University of Kentucky in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1937 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach Chet A. Wynne, the Wildcats compiled a 4–6 record (0–5 against SEC opponents), finished in 12th place in the conference, and were outscored by a total of 130 to 93. The team played its home games at McLean Stadium in Lexington, Kentucky.


1937 Kesteven County Council election
Elections to Kesteven County Council were held on Saturday, 6 March 1937. Kesteven was one of three divisions of the historic county of Lincolnshire in England; it consisted of the ancient wapentakes (or hundreds) of Aswardhurn, Aveland, Beltisloe, Boothby Graffoe, Flaxwell, Langoe, Loveden, Ness, and Winnibriggs and Threo. The Local Government Act 1888 established Kesteven as an administrative county, governed by a Council; elections were held every three years from 1889, until it was abolished by the Local Government Act 1972, which established Lincolnshire County Council in its place.


1937 Kesteven County Council election, By-elections, April 1937
Following the death of H. H. Foster, a Holdingham resident and county councillor for the Sleaford no. 1 division, W. Middleton was returned unopposed for his seat on the county council.


1937 Kesteven County Council election, By-elections, May 1937
The county councillor for North Hykeham, George William Hackney, died in March 1937 after being kicked by a horse. This prompted a contest to fill the vacancy between George William Hutson of Hilldersden House and John Willam Clarke, a former police officer, of Park View, Newark Road. Hutson won with 342 votes against Clarke's 301 (there were 3 spoilt papers).


1937 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1937 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 43rd staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.


1937 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
James Stephens won the championship after a 3-08 to 1-02 defeat of Dicksboro in the final. It was their second championship title overall and their first title in two championship seasons.


1937 Kingston-upon-Thames by-election
The Kingston-upon-Thames by-election of 1937 was held on 1 July 1937. The by-election was held due to the elevation to the peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, Frederick Penny. It was won by the Conservative candidate Percy Royds.


1937 LFF Lyga
The 1937 LFF Lyga was the 16th season of the LFF Lyga football competition in Lithuania. It was contested by 9 teams, and KSS Klaipėda won the championship.


1937 LSU Tigers football team
The 1937 LSU Tigers football team represented Louisiana State University (LSU) in the 1937 college football season.


1937 LSU Tigers football team, Rice
The Tigers traveled to Houston to face Rice. LSU picked up their third consecutive shutout of the season in a 13–0 victory. It also marked the longest fumble recovery returned for a touchdown in LSU history when Ken Kavanaugh scooped up a Rice fumble and returned it 100 yards for the score.


1937 La Flèche Wallonne
The 1937 La Flèche Wallonne was the second edition of La Flèche Wallonne cycle race and was held on 2 May 1937. The race started in Tournai and finished in Ans. The race was won by Adolph Braeckeveldt.


1937 Lafayette Leopards football team
The 1937 Lafayette Leopards football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College in the Middle Three Conference during the 1937 college football season. In its first season under head coach Edward Mylin, the team compiled an 8–0 record. Edward Kanzler was the team captain.


1937 Lehigh Engineers football team
The 1937 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University during the 1937 college football season. In its fourth season under head coach Glen Harmeson, the team compiled a 1–8 record, and lost both games against its Middle Three Conference rivals.


1937 Lehigh Engineers football team
The team played its home games at Taylor Stadium in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.


1937 Lewiston–Auburn shoe strike
The Lewiston–Auburn shoe strike of 1937 occurred in the cities of Lewiston, Maine and Auburn, Maine among textile workers, most of whom were of French-Canadian descent. The workers walked off the job on March 25, 1937 demanding higher pay, a shorter workweek, better working conditions and union representation. Shortly after the strike began, the manufacturers offered a 10% wage increase, which was refused by the Strikers. By early April, 4,000 to 5,000 workers, including skilled and unskilled, were on strike.


1937 Lewiston–Auburn shoe strike
On April 21, workers and union organizers attempted to march across South Bridge (now Bernard Lown Peace Bridge), which connect Lewiston's Little Canada neighborhood and Auburn. Police and workers fought, including many women on the workers' side. Depicted in the Lewiston Evening Journal as 'Red Wednesday', Governor Lewis Barrows called in the Maine Army National Guard. Overall, the strike ended with a loss for the workers on June 29, 1937.


1937 Lewiston–Auburn shoe strike
Powers Hapgood, the New England secretary for the Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO) at the time, arrived in Lewiston on March 12 to coordinate the strike. was jailed for two months for contempt of court for his role in continuing the strike in the wake of an injunction by a Maine Supreme Judicial Court justice forbidding strike activity.


1937 Lewiston–Auburn shoe strike
In 1992, Bates College professor Robert Branham made a 55-minute documentary about the strike called "Roughing the Uppers: the Great Shoe Strike of 1937".


1937 Lewiston–Auburn shoe strike
Labor historian Charles Scontras said of the strike, "In the shoe strike, the wholesale violation of civil liberties prompted the American Civil Liberties Union to state that 'Maine is at least 100 years behind the time in labor laws'."


1937 Lewiston–Auburn shoe strike
In 2008, a mural depicting the history of Maine's workers, including a depiction of the Lewiston–Auburn shoe strike, was commissioned by Maine Arts Commission and put on display in the Maine Department of Labor. In March 2011, recently elected Republican Governor Paul LePage ordered the mural taken down, creating statewide controversy.


1937 Liechtenstein department stores referendum
A referendum on banning department stores was held in Liechtenstein on 22 August 1937. The proposal was approved by 59.1% of voters.


1937 Liga Bet
The 1937 Liga Bet season was the second tier league of the Palestine League organized by the EIFA. The North division was won by Hapoel Herzliya, while the southern division was won by Maccabi Nes Tziona. The two divisional winners played for one allocated place in the top division, with Maccabi Nes Tziona winning the play-off. However, Hapoel Herzliya was promoted as well by the league and cup committee.


1937 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1937 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 43rd staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.


1937 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
On 31 October 1937, Ahane won the championship after a 9-05 to 1-02 defeat of Croom in the final. It was their sixth championship title overall and their fifth title in succession.


1937 Liverpool City Council election
Elections to Liverpool City Council were held on 1 November 1937. One third of the council seats were up for election, the term of office of each councillor being three years.


1937 Liverpool City Council election
Eight of the forty seats up for election were uncontested.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections, Aldermanic Election 1 December 1937
Caused by the death of Alderman Maxwell Hyslop Maxwell C.B. C.B.E. (Conservative, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1935), in whose place Councillor John Morris Griffith (Conservative, elected to the Wavertree ward on 1 November 1936) was elected as an alderman on 1 December 1937.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections, Aldermanic Election 1 December 1937
The term of office to expire on 9 November 1941.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections, Aldermanic Election 2 March 1938
Caused by the death on 25 January 1938 of Alderman Sir Thomas White (Conservative, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1932), in whose place Councillor William Thomas Roberts J.P. (Conservative, elected to the Abercromby ward on 1 November 1936) was elected as an alderman by the councillors on 2 March 1938.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections, Aldermanic Election 2 March 1938
The term of office to expire on 9 November 1938.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections, Aldermanic Election 6 July 1938
Caused by the death on 22 May 1938 of Alderman Edwin Haigh (Conservative, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1935). In whose place, Councillor Robert Duncan French (Conservative, elected to the West Derby ward on 1 November 1937) was elected as an alderman by the councillors on 6 July 1938.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections, Aldermanic Election 6 July 1938
The term of office to expire on 9 November 1941.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections, Aldermanic Election 27 July 1938
Caused by the death on 5 July 1938 of Alderman James Bolger (Independent, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1932). In whose place Councillor George Young Williamson (Conservative, elected to represent Anfield on 1 November 1937) was elected to the post of alderman on 27 July 1938.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections, Aldermanic Election 27 July 1938
The term of office to expire on 9 November 1938.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.31 Fairfield, 30 November 1937
Caused by the death of Councillor John Barry (Conservative, elected 1 November 1935).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.31 Fairfield, 30 November 1937
The term of office to expire on 1 November 1938.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.1 Sandhills, 9 December 1937
Caused by the election as an alderman on 6 October 1937 of Councillor John Wolfe Tone Morrissey JP (Labour, last elected to the Sandhills ward on 1 November 1936), following the death on 7 September 1937 of Alderman Henry Walker (Labour, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1935).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.1 Sandhills, 9 December 1937
The term of office to expire on 1 November 1939.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.2 North Scotland, 9 December 1937
Caused by the death on 13 September 1937 of Councillor Henry Gaskin (Labour, elected 1 November 1935).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.2 North Scotland, 9 December 1937
The term of office to expire on 1 November 1938.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.11 Brunswick, 9 December 1937
Caused by the resignation of Councillor Patrick Moorhead (Labour, elected unopposed for the Brunswick ward on 1 November 1937)


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.11 Brunswick, 9 December 1937
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1940.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.34 Wavertree, 11 January 1938
Caused by Councillor John Morris Griffith J.P. (Conservative, elected to the Wavertree ward on 1 November 1936) being elected by the councillors as an alderman on 1 December 1937, following the death of Alderman Maxwell Hyslop Maxwell C.B. C.B.E. (Conservative, elected as an alderman 9 November 1935).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.34 Wavertree, 11 January 1938
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1939.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.38 Childwall, 24 February 1938
Caused by the resignation of Councillor Alan Anderson Boyle (Liberal, elected unopposed 1 November 1936)


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.38 Childwall, 24 February 1938
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1939.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.9 Abercromby, Tuesday 5 April 1938
Caused by the election as an alderman of Councillor William Thomas Roberts J.P. (Conservative, elected to the Abercromby ward on 1 November 1936) was elected as an alderman by the councillors on 2 March 1938, following the death on 25 January 1938 of Alderman Sir Thomas White (Conservative, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1932).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.9 Abercromby, Tuesday 5 April 1938
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1939.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.15 Sefton Park East, Tuesday 31 May 1938
Occasioned by the resignation of Councillor Eric Douglas Mackay Heriot-Hill (Conservative, elected to the Sefton Park East ward on 1 November 1936).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.15 Sefton Park East, Tuesday 31 May 1938
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1939.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.32 Old Swan, Tuesday 14 June 1938
Caused by the death in May 1938 of Councillor John Waterworth (Conservative, elected to the Old Swan ward on 1 November 1937).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.32 Old Swan, Tuesday 14 June 1938
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1940.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.24 Kirkdale, Tuesday 26 July 1938
Caused by the resignation of Councillor Arthur Mackson Brown (Conservative, elected for the Kirkdale ward on 1 November 1936).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.24 Kirkdale, Tuesday 26 July 1938
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1939.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.28 West Derby, 26 July 1938
Caused by Councillor Robert Duncan French (Conservative, elected to the West Derby ward on 1 November 1937) being elected by the councillors as an alderman on 6 July 1938, following the death on 22 May 1938 of Alderman Edwin Haigh (Conservative, last elected as an alderman on 9 November 1935).


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.28 West Derby, 26 July 1938
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1940.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.29 Anfield, 30 August 1938
Caused by the election to the post of alderman on 27 July 1938 of Councillor George Young Williamson (Conservative, elected to represent Anfield on 1 November 1937), following the death on 5 July 1938 of Alderman James Bolger.


1937 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.29 Anfield, 30 August 1938
The term of office due to expire on 1 November 1940.


1937 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 1937 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 27th edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 10 April 1937. The race started and finished in Liège. The race was won by Éloi Meulenberg.


1937 London County Council election
An election to the County Council of London took place on 4 March 1937. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Labour Party made gains, increasing their majority over the Municipal Reform Party.


1937 London County Council election, Campaign
The Labour Party had gained control of the council for the first time in 1934. It campaigned on its record of three years running the council, and also called for a Metropolitan Green Belt, the completion of slum clearance, a scheme to beautify the South Bank, and the provision of more school playing fields. The party ran candidates for every seat other than the four in the City of London.