1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
On February 4, the Reds purchased outfielder Harry Rice and pitcher Dutch Henry from the Minneapolis Millers of the American Association. In 1932, Rice hit .345 with 11 home runs with the Millers. He previously played in the American League, with his last season with the Washington Senators in 1931. Rice's best season in the AL was in 1925, as he finished fifth in American League Most Valuable Player voting after hitting .359 with 11 home runs and 47 RBI in 103 games with the St. Louis Browns.


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
Henry appeared in only 10 games with the Millers in 1932, going 2-4. In 1931 with Minneapolis, Henry had a 23-10 record with a 4.41 ERA in 50 games. Henry last played in the American League with the Chicago White Sox in 1930, struggling to a 2-17 record with a 4.88 ERA in 35 games. His best season was in 1927, as Henry posted a record of 11-6 with a 4.23 ERA with the New York Giants.


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
The rebuilding Reds got off to a mediocre start to the season, going 8-8 in their first 16 games to sit in a tie for third place, 4.5 games behind the pennant leading Pittsburgh Pirates. On May 6, the Reds signed 48 year old free agent pitcher Jack Quinn. Quinn, who began his major league career with the New York Highlanders in 1909, had pitched with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1932, going 3-7 with a 3.30 ERA in 42 games.


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
The Reds made a trade on May 7, trading shortstop Leo Durocher and pitchers Dutch Henry and Jack Ogden to the St. Louis Cardinals for infielder Sparky Adams and pitchers Paul Derringer and Allyn Stout. At the time of the trade, Adams was hitting .167 in eight games with the Cardinals. In 1931, Adams led the National League with 46 doubles. Derringer was 0-2 with a 4.24 ERA in three games with St. Louis in 1933. In 1931, Derringer was 18-8 with a league best .692 winning percentage with the Cardinals. Stout had appeared in one game with St. Louis, pitching a scoreless two innings. In 1931, Stout went 6-0 with a 4.21 ERA in 30 games.


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Cincinnati continued to hover around the .500 mark through the middle of June, as after a 6-5 win over the St. Louis Cardinals in the second game of a doubleheader on June 18, the Reds had a record of 28-29, sitting in fifth place and 7 games behind the pennant leading New York Giants. The team then went 6-18 in their next 24 games, falling to 34-47 and into last place in the NL on July 11. Cincinnati released struggling infielder Andy High on this date, then two days later, the team released pitcher Jack Quinn.


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
As the season went on, the losses continued to pile on, as the Reds finished in last place for the third consecutive season with a record of 58-94, 33 games behind the pennant winning New York Giants and two games behind the seventh place Philadelphia Phillies. The Reds attendance dropped by nearly 150,000 fans from the 1932 season, as Cincinnati drew 218,281 fans, their lowest total since the 1918 season.


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Outfielder Chick Hafey led the team with a .303 batting average, while hitting seven home runs and 62 RBI in 144 games. Hafey led Cincinnati with 172 hits. First baseman Jim Bottomley hit .250 with a team high 13 home runs and 83 RBI in 145 games, his first season with the club. Catcher Ernie Lombardi hit .283 with four home runs and 47 RBI in 107 games.


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Paul Derringer, who was acquired early in the season in a trade with the St. Louis Cardinals, had a record of 7-25 with a team best 3.23 ERA and 85 strikeouts in 33 games. Derringer, who lost two games with St. Louis, led the National League with 27 losses in 1933. Red Lucas went 10-16 with a 3.40 ERA while throwing a team high 21 complete games, while Larry Benton tied Lucas for the team lead in wins, as he was 10-11 with a 3.71 ERA in 34 games. Eppa Rixey had a record of 6-3 with a 3.15 ERA in 16 games as a 42 year old.


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Clay Cross by-election
The Clay Cross by-election of 1933 was held on 1 September 1933. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Labour MP, Charles Duncan.


1933 Clay Cross by-election
Unusually, the Constituency Labour Party asked for nominations for the vacancy, and published the list: Percy Barstow of the National Union of Railwaymen, former leader of the party Arthur Henderson, Samuel Sales of the Derbyshire Miners' Association, and Ben Smith, former Member of Parliament for Rotherhithe. Henderson was chosen as the party's candidate, and Herbert Drinkwater acted as his election agent.


1933 Clay Cross by-election
Henderson easily won the election. This was Henderson's fifth by-election victory, having previously won in Burnley in 1924, in Newcastle-upon-Tyne East in 1923, in Widnes in 1919, and in Barnard Castle in 1903.


1933 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1933 Clemson Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Clemson College in the Southern Conference during the 1933 college football season. In their third season under head coach Jess Neely, the Tigers compiled a 3–6–2 record (1–1 against conference opponents), finished sixth in the conference, and was outscored by a total of 98 to 50.


1933 Clemson Tigers football team
The first night game in Clemson's history was played October 13 against George Washington at Griffith Stadium in Washington, D. C.


1933 Clemson Tigers football team
John Heinemann was the team captain. Two Clemson players were selected as first-team players on the 1933 All-Southern Conference football team: guard John Heinemann and tackle John Troutman.


1933 Cleveland Indians season
The 1933 Cleveland Indians season was a season in American baseball. The team finished fourth in the American League with a record of 75–76, 23½ games behind the Washington Senators.


1933 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1933 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1933 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Cleveland mayoral election
The Cleveland mayoral election of 1933 saw former Governor Harry L. Davis unseat incumbent mayor Ray T. Miller.


1933 Colgate Red Raiders football team
The 1933 Colgate Red Raiders football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University as an independent during the 1933 college football season. In its fifth season under head coach Andrew Kerr, the team compiled a 6–1–1 record, shut out five of eight opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 189 to 12. Winston Anderson was the team captain. The team won the 200th game in program history against NYU at Yankee Stadium. The team played its home games on Whitnall Field in Hamilton, New York.


1933 College Football All-America Team
The 1933 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose College Football All-America Teams in 1933. The eight selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1933 season are (1) the All-America Board, (2) the Associated Press (AP), (3) Collier's Weekly, as selected by Grantland Rice, (4) the International News Service (INS), (5) Liberty magazine, (6) the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), (7) the North American Newspaper Alliance (NANA), and the United Press (UP). The only unanimous selections were center Chuck Bernard of Michigan and quarterback Cotton Warburton of USC.


1933 College Football All-America Team, Consensus All-Americans
For the year 1933, the NCAA recognizes eight published All-American teams as "official" designations for purposes of its consensus determinations. The following chart identifies the NCAA-recognized consensus All-Americans and displays which first-team designations they received.


1933 Colombian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Colombia on 14 May 1933 to elect the Chamber of Representatives. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 74 of the 118 seats.


1933 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1933 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team represented Colorado Agricultural College (now known as Colorado State University) in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1933 college football season. In their 23rd season under head coach Harry W. Hughes, the Aggies compiled a 5–1–1 record, tied for the RMC championship, and outscored all opponents by a total of 78 to 26.


1933 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
Four Colorado Agricultural players received all-conference honors in 1933: end Glenn Morris, halfback Wilbur (Red) White, halfback Ralph Maag, and quarterback Bud Dammann.


1933 Colorado Silver and Gold football team
The 1933 Colorado Silver and Gold football team was an American football team that represented the University of Colorado during the 1933 college football season. Head coach Bill Saunders led the team to a 5–2 mark in the Rocky Mountain Conference and 7–2 overall.


1933 Columbia Irish football team
The 1933 Columbia Irish football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University (later renamed the University of Portland) as an independent during the 1933 college football season. In its seventh year under head coach Gene Murphy, the team compiled a 4–3 record. The team played its home games at Vaughn Street Park and Multnomah Stadium in Portland, Oregon.


1933 Columbia Lions football team
The 1933 Columbia Lions football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University during the 1933 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach Lou Little, the Lions compiled an 8–1 record and outscored opponents 179 to 45, with four shutouts.


1933 Columbia Lions football team
The Lions' lone setback was a 20–0 loss to Fritz Crisler's undefeated national champion Princeton Tigers. The Lions concluded the 1933 season on New Year's Day in California with a 7–0 victory over Stanford in the mud in the Rose Bowl. The school claims a national championship for the season. This Rose Bowl, held 87 years ago, remains the most recent postseason game for any member of today's Ivy League, which began league play in 1956.


1933 Columbia Lions football team
Team captain and quarterback Cliff Montgomery was later inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.


1933 Connecticut State Aggies football team
The 1933 Connecticut State Aggies football team represented Connecticut State College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1933 college football season. The Aggies were led by eleventh year head coach Sumner Dole, and completed the season with a record of 1–6–1.


1933 Copa Beccar Varela Final
The 1933 Copa Beccar Varela Final was the final that decided the winner of the 2nd. edition of this Argentine domestic cup. It was contested by Racing Club (for second consecutive time), and Rosarian Club Central Córdoba. The match was held in River Plate Stadium on February 11, 1934.


1933 Copa Beccar Varela Final
The match was suspended on 88 minutes when Racing players abandoned the field in protest. On February 22, the organising body Liga Argentina de Football, awarded the title to Central Córdoba, which won their first national championship.


1933 Copa Beccar Varela Final, Overview
This edition was contested by a total of 30 teams, this included clubs participating in the 1933 Primera División organised by dissident association, Liga Argentina de Football (the first professional in Argentina), 6 from Liga Rosarina de Football, 1 from Liga Santafesina, 1 from Liga Cordobesa, and 4 Uruguayan clubs (including Peñarol and Nacional) that gave the cup international status. Teams played a single round-robin before entering to the second stage, played in a direct elimination format.


1933 Copa Beccar Varela Final, Overview
In the first stage, Racing beat Boca Juniors (with a conclusive 7–1), loss to Atlanta 3–4, and beat San Lorenzo 3–0, and Argentinos Juniors 3–0, earning a place in the knockout stage, where the team eliminated Nacional de Rosario (32), Belgrano de Córdoba 5–0, and arch-rival Independiente in semifinals (3–3, 4–1 playoff)


1933 Copa Beccar Varela Final, Overview
On the other hand, Central Córdoba played the "Rosario Zone", where it beat Nacional (R) 4–1, Tiro Federal 2–1, Newell's Old Boys 2–1, tied with Belgrano 1–1, and lost to Rosario Central 0–1, finishing 1st in the zone and therefore qualifying for the second stage. Then, Central Córdoba beat and eliminated Platense 2–0, Atlanta 2–0, and Gimnasia y Esgrima de Santa Fe 3–2 in the semifinal.


1933 Copa Beccar Varela Final, Overview
The final raised high expectations among Central Córdoba suppoters so the club rented a train that departed from Rosario CC station (the place where the club had been founded) with soldout tickets for the match. In the match, held in River Plate Stadium in Recoleta, Buenos Aires, Racing quickly took advantage on the score when Tucuman player Demetrio Conidares scored on 2'. Nevertheless, Tomás Constantini scored twice for a partial win of 2–1. Racing goalkeeper Juan Botasso stopped a penalty by winger Telmo Collins. In the second half, Vicente Zito scored for Racing forcing a 2–2 tie.


1933 Copa Beccar Varela Final, Overview
With only 2 minutes to play, Uruguayan referee Sobreira awarded a penalty kick to Central Córdoba. Players of Racing abandoned the field as a protest against that decission so the match abruptely ended. On February 22, the Liga Argentina awarded points to Central Córdoba therefore the Rosarian team was crowned champion of the competition, winning not only their first Beccar Varela trophy but their first national title ever.


1933 Copa de Competencia (LAF) Final
The 1933 Copa de Competencia Final was the final that decide the winner of the 2na. (and last) edition of Copa de Competencia, an Argentine domestic cup organised by dissident body Liga Argentina de Football, the first professional league of Argentina.


1933 Copa de Competencia (LAF) Final
The final was held in Chacarita Juniors stadium (located in Villa Crespo) on November 26, 1933. With an attendance of 30,000, Racing defeated San Lorenzo 4–0 winning their first Copa de Competencia championship.


1933 Copa de Competencia (LAF) Final, Overview
This first edition was contested by all the 18 teams that took part in the Primera División league season, in a single elimination format. Racing Club beat River Plate 1–0 at San Lorenzo Stadium), Estudiantes de La Plata 3–1 (at Independiente), Boca Juniors (4–1) and Vélez Sarsfield 1–0 (in semifinal, at Chacarita Juniors).


1933 Copa de Competencia (LAF) Final, Overview
On the other hand, San Lorenzo beat Gimnasia y Esgrima LP 3–2 (at Independiente), lost to Vélez Sársfield 1–4 (at Boca Juniors in losers zone), then defeating Ferro Carril Oeste 1–0 (at Argentinos Jrs.) and beat Talleres de Remedios de Escalada 3–1 (in semifinal, at Independiente).


1933 Copa del Presidente de la República
The Copa del Presidente de la República 1933 (President of the Republic's Cup) was the 33rd staging of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition.


1933 Copa del Presidente de la República
The competition started on April 9, 1933, and concluded on June 25, 1933, with the final, held at the Montjuïc Stadium in Barcelona. Athletic Bilbao won their 13th title, the fourth in a row.


1933 Copa del Presidente de la República, Teams
As in the previous tournaments, the teams qualified through the Regional Championships:


1933 Copa del Presidente de la República, Round of 32
The first leg was played on April 9. The second leg was played on April 16.


1933 Copa del Presidente de la República, Round of 16
The first leg was played on May 7. The second leg was played on May 14.


1933 Copa del Presidente de la República, Quarter-finals
The first leg was played on May 28. The second leg was played on June 4.


1933 Copa del Presidente de la República, Semi-finals
The first leg was played on June 11. The second leg was played on two dates: CD Español-Athletic on June 16 and Valencia FC-Madrid FC on June 18.


1933 Copa del Presidente de la República Final
The 1933 Copa del Presidente de la República Final was the 33rd final of the principal Spanish football cup competition, now known as the Copa del Rey. Athletic Bilbao beat Madrid FC 2–1 and won their 13th title, the fourth in a row.


1933 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1933 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 24th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909.


1933 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
Lough Rovers won the championship following a 5-03 to 2-01 defeat of Bride Rovers in the final. This was their first championship title in the grade.


1933 Cork Junior Hurling Championship
The 1933 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the 37th staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.


1933 Cork Junior Hurling Championship
On 20 November 1933, Kinsale won the championship following a 5–04 to 0–01 defeat of Skibberreen in the final at Clonakilty Sportsfield. This was their second championship title overall and their first title since 1918.


1933 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1933 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 45th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.


1933 Cork Senior Football Championship
On 15 October 1933, Beara won the championship following a 2–05 to 0–04 defeat of Clonakilty in the final at Clonakilty. This was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1933 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1933 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 45th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place at the Cork Convention on 30 January 1933. The championship began on 2 April 1933 and ended on 22 October 1933.


1933 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
St. Finbarr's were the defending champions. Divisional sides Avondhu, Carbery and Muskerry fielded teams in the championship for the first time.


1933 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
On 22 October 1933, St. Finbarr's won the championship following a 6–6 to 5–0 defeat of Carrigtwohill in a replay of the final. This was their 10th championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1933 Cornell Big Red football team
The 1933 Cornell Big Red football team was an American football team that represented Cornell University during the 1933 college football season. In their 14th season under head coach Gil Dobie, the Big Red compiled a 4–3 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 116 to 89.


1933 County Championship
The 1933 County Championship was the 40th officially organised running of the County Championship. Yorkshire County Cricket Club won the championship title for the third successive year. The method for deciding the championship was changed once again as follows -


1933 Coupe de France Final
The 1933 Coupe de France Final was a football match held at Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes on May 7, 1933, that saw Excelsior AC Roubaix defeat RC Roubaix 3–1 thanks to goals by Marcel Langillier, Julien Bugé and Norbert Van Caeneghem.


1933 Creighton Bluejays football team
The 1933 Creighton Bluejays football team was an American football team that represented Creighton University as a member of the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) during the 1933 college football season. In its fourth and final season under head coach Arthur R. Stark, the team compiled a 3–4–1 record (2–2 against MVC opponents) and was outscored by a total of 80 to 60. The team played its home games at Creighton Stadium in Omaha, Nebraska.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane
The 1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane was last of six major hurricanes, or at least a Category 3 on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale, in the active 1933 Atlantic hurricane season. It formed on October 1 in the Caribbean Sea as the seventeenth tropical storm, and initially moved slowly to the north. While passing west of Jamaica, the storm damaged banana plantations and killed one person. On October 3, the storm became a hurricane, and the next day crossed western Cuba.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane
Advance warning in the country prevented any storm-related fatalities, although four people suspected of looting were shot and killed during a curfew in Havana. The German travel writer Richard Katz witnessed the hurricane while in Havana, and described the experience in his book "Loafing Around the Globe" ("Ein Bummel um Die Welt").


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane
After entering the Florida Straits, the hurricane turned to the northeast, producing tropical storm winds along the Florida Keys. High rainfall caused flooding, while three tornadoes spawned by the storm damaged houses in the Miami area. The hurricane reached peak winds of 125 mph (205 km/h) on October 6 while moving through the Bahamas. It subsequently weakened and became extratropical on October 8. The former hurricane lashed the coast of Nova Scotia with high winds and rain, leaving about $1 million (1933 CAD) in damage. Rough seas sank several ships and killed nine people in the region. The remnants of the hurricane eventually dissipated on October 9 to the south of Newfoundland.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Meteorological history
Toward the end of September 1933, there was a large area of disturbed weather across the southern Caribbean Sea. By September 30, a low pressure area developed south of San Andrés island. The next day, observations from a station at Cabo Gracias a Dios and a ship indicated a tropical storm had developed off the eastern coast of Honduras. Low atmospheric pressure suggested the system had winds of tropical storm force despite lack of direct observations. Moving northward, the storm gained size as it slowly intensified.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Meteorological history
Based on observations and interpolation of data, it is estimated the storm became a hurricane early on October 3 while passing west of Jamaica. That day, a station at South Negril Point that day reported a force 8 on the Beaufort scale, well to the east of the center. While approaching the southern coast of Cuba, the hurricane reached estimated winds of 105 mph (165 km/h). At 0900 UTC on October 4, the hurricane made landfall on the Zapata Peninsula of Cuba, followed by a second landfall on the Cuban mainland three hours later. Beginning at 1600 UTC that day, the capital, Havana, observed the passage of the eye, where a pressure of 976 mbar (28.8 inHg) was reported.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Meteorological history
The hurricane weakened slightly over land before emerging into the Straits of Florida and re-intensifying. On October 5, it turned to the northeast while remaining southeast of the Florida mainland, although the strongest winds remained over water. Early on October 6 while the hurricane was moving through the Bahamas, a ship reported a pressure of 958 mbar (28.3 inHg), although it was unknown if it was in the center or the periphery of the storm. Based on the data, the maximum sustained winds were estimated at 125 mph (205 km/h), although the ship estimated winds of 150 mph (240 km/h).


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Meteorological history
The storm maintained peak winds for about 18 hours, after which it weakened while accelerating to the northeast. After passing to the west of Bermuda on October 7, the hurricane became extratropical the next day while still maintaining hurricane-force winds. The storm brushed the coast of Nova Scotia before it was last noted approaching another extratropical storm on October 9 to the south of Atlantic Canada.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Early in its duration, the developing storm brushed the coast of Honduras with light winds. In Jamaica, gusts approached hurricane force, while heavy rainfall damaged transportation in Kingston. The storm wrecked small houses and damaged the local banana industry. There was one death in Jamaica. The hurricane crossed western Cuba with winds estimated at 105 mph (165 km/h). This prompted officials to declare a curfew for the capital in the midst of political upheaval following a coup. A newspaper described the curfew before the storm as "the most peaceful night in a week."


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Preparations and impact
However, the government ordered soldiers in Havana to shoot anyone suspected of looting, and four looters were killed during the storm's passage. Heavy associated rainfall caused rivers to overflow in three provinces, flooding low-lying areas. In Cienfuegos, the storm destroyed several houses. Offshore northern Cuba, two United States ships took shelter at the port in Matanzas due to rough seas. High tides flooded the Havana waterfront up to 3 ft (0.91 m) deep, and several boats sank at the city's harbor. Due to advance warning and evacuations, there were no direct deaths in the country, and 20 people were injured.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Storm warnings were issued on the west coast of Florida to Boca Grande and on the east coast to Titusville, with hurricane warnings for the Florida Keys. Although the hurricane passed just southeast of the Florida Keys, the highest winds reported in Florida were 44 mph (70 km/h) in Key West. The storm passed closest to Long Key, where winds were estimated at 63 mph (102 km/h), due to being on the weak side of the storm. Farther north, Miami reported winds of 35 mph (56 km/h). Rainfall reached over 11 in (280 mm) in 24 hours in Key West.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Preparations and impact
There, the storm knocked over several trees and caused some power outages. Portions of the city were flooded while boats were washed ashore. Elsewhere in Florida, three tornadoes were reported during the hurricane's passage. In Fort Lauderdale, a tornado injured one person, and another one in Miami knocked down four homes and injured two. The third tornado was in Hollywood, where several houses were damaged.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Later as the hurricane moved through the Bahamas, it produced winds of 100 mph (161 km/h) at Hope Town and 91 mph (146 km/h) at Millville, both on Abaco. The outer periphery of the storm brushed Nantucket to the west with winds of 39 mph (63 km/h) and Bermuda to the east with 46 mph (75 km/h).


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Preparations and impact
While moving offshore Atlantic Canada, the former hurricane produced gale-force winds, peaking at 52 mph (83 km/h) in Halifax, Nova Scotia. There, the storm also dropped heavy rainfall reaching 9.84 in (250 mm) over two days, including 3.6 in (90 mm) in 24 hours. Flooding covered streets in the province, causing traffic jams, and farmlands. In Annapolis Valley, the rainfall washed out a bridge while the winds damaged about one-third of the apple crop. The dam at Chocolate Lake overflowed due to the rainfall, and a dam broke in Great Village, destroying a nearby bridge.


1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane, Preparations and impact
Many trees fell during the storm, resulting in power outages after some fell onto lines. Outside Nova Scotia, the storm produced winds of 51 mph (81 km/h) in Shediac, New Brunswick, where high waves left coastal damage. In Newfoundland, the storm washed out three bridges, as well as portions of roads and rails, and flooded one house. Throughout Atlantic Canada, high waves washed ashore, sank, or broke at least ten boats from their moorings, killing nine people including seven from an overturned boat sailing from Boston to Yarmouth. Overall damage in Canada was estimated at around $1 million (1933 CAD), including $250,000 in lost apple crop.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane
The 1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane was one of two storms in the 1933 Atlantic hurricane season to reach Category 5 intensity on the Saffir–Simpson scale. It formed on August 22 off the west coast of Africa, and for much of its duration it maintained a west-northwest track. The system intensified into a tropical storm on August 26 and into a hurricane on August 28. Passing north of the Lesser Antilles, the hurricane rapidly intensified as it approached the Turks and Caicos islands. It reached Category 5 status and its peak winds of 160 mph (260 km/h) on August 31.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane
Subsequently, it weakened before striking northern Cuba on September 1 with winds of 120 mph (190 km/h). In the country, the hurricane left about 100,000 people homeless and killed over 70 people. Damage was heaviest near the storm's path, and the strong winds destroyed houses and left areas without power. Damage was estimated at $11 million.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane
After exiting from Cuba, the hurricane entered the Gulf of Mexico and restrengthened. On September 2, it re-attained winds of 140 mph (230 km/h). Initially the hurricane posed a threat to the area around Corpus Christi, Texas, and the local United States Weather Bureau forecaster advised people to stay away from the Texas coastline during the busy Labor Day Weekend. Officials declared martial law in the city and mandated evacuations. However, the hurricane turned more to the west and struck near Brownsville early on September 5 with winds estimated at 125 mph (205 km/h). It quickly dissipated after causing heavy damage in the Rio Grande Valley. High winds caused heavy damage to the citrus crop. The hurricane left $16.9 million in damage and 40 deaths in southern Texas.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Meteorological history
The origins of the hurricane were from a tropical disturbance near the west coast of Africa on August 20. Two days later, the system organized enough to be classified a tropical depression just southwest of Cape Verde. For the next few days, the system moved west-northwestward with little change in intensity. It is estimated the depression strengthened into a tropical storm on August 26, about halfway between the Lesser Antilles and Cape Verde. Initially, the storm was elongated, although beginning on August 28 it began to intensify more quickly. That night, the storm attained hurricane status, and many nearby ships reported gale-force winds.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Meteorological history
On August 29, the hurricane passed north of the Lesser Antilles as it approached the southeastern Bahamas. It underwent rapid deepening: in a 24‑hour period beginning late on August 29, the winds increased from 105 mph (165 km/h) to 150 mph (240 km/h). It also became a small storm, as Grand Turk Island reported winds of 56 mph (90 km/h) while the hurricane passed slightly to the north on August 30. At 0130 UTC the next day, a ship near Mayaguana reported a barometric pressure of 930 mbar (27 inHg) and hurricane-force winds.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Meteorological history
The pressure would ordinarily suggest winds of 152 mph (245 km/h), but because it was not reported in the eye and the storm was smaller than normal, the winds were estimated at 160 mph (260 km/h). The hurricane's winds rank as a Category 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, one of two such storms in the 1933 season.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Meteorological history
After maintaining peak winds for about 12 hours, the hurricane began weakening as it passed through the southern Bahamas. At around 1200 UTC on September 1, the hurricane made landfall on northern Cuba near Sagua La Grande, with winds of about 120 mph (190 km/h). The eye moved along the northern coast of Cuba, crossing over Matanzas. Shortly thereafter the storm exited into the Straits of Florida, and late on September 1 the hurricane passed about 16 mi (26 km) north of Havana.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Meteorological history
After entering the Gulf of Mexico, the hurricane restrengthened, and a ship reported a pressure of 948 mbar (28.0 inHg) late on September 2; this suggested winds of about 140 mph (230 km/h). The hurricane turned more to the west on September 3, and as it approached southern Texas it weakened slightly as it decelerated. At 0400 UTC on September 5, the hurricane made its final landfall on South Padre Island in southern Texas, with winds estimated at 125 mph (205 km/h). It quickly weakened over land as it crossed into northeastern Mexico, and the storm dissipated late on September 5.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
Throughout its path, the hurricane killed at least 179 people collectively in the Turks and Caicos Islands, Cuba, and south Texas. It first affected the Turks and Caicos, producing winds of 54 mph (87 km/h) on Grand Turk.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
Before the hurricane struck Cuba, officials warned of the impending storm, and military workers warned people to remain indoors. About 4,000 people evacuated the coastal town of Isabela on three trains specifically run for the residents. In Havana, business owners secured their properties in anticipation of the storm. Most of the deaths from the hurricane occurred in northern Cuba. Winds of over 115 mph (185 km/h) affected the coastline, and Havana reported maximum winds of 94 mph (151 km/h). There, the winds downed power lines and uprooted trees.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
High waves flooded six blocks of the city with up to 4 ft (1.2 m) of water, entering the cellars of some homes. East of Havana in Cárdenas, high waves destroyed the aqueduct, while high winds severely damaged the local sugar industry. A nearby coastal town 20 mi (32 km) east of Cárdenas was described as being "virtually leveled by the storm" in news reports. In Cienfuegos along the southern coast, the hurricane destroyed many ships and piers. High waves washed four ships ashore, one of which damaged another ship.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
High winds destroyed hundreds of houses and damaged many others along the storm's path. About 100,000 people were left homeless, many of whom lacking food or medical supplies. In the interior of the country, the hurricane dropped rainfall that flooded rivers and towns. Damage was estimated at $11 million, and a report published in 2003 indicated that there were about 70 deaths in the country; however, newspaper accounts from shortly after the hurricane indicated there were around 100 deaths. After the storm, police officers were deployed to maintain order. Officers shot and killed five people caught looting in Havana, although the deaths were not included in the overall death toll. Officials deployed trucks to pick up wounded citizens.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
While the hurricane was over the Bahamas late on August 30, the United States Weather Bureau issued storm warnings for southern Florida. Two days later, the storm struck Cuba and passed south of the state, producing peak winds of 42 mph (68 km/h) in Key West. The winds caused little damage; however, high waves destroyed a sea wall and washed onto a coastal roadway. High waves also sank a boat, killing three people.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
Three days before the hurricane made its final landfall, officials at the Weather Bureau in Brownsville issued a warning to all stations along the Texas coast, declaring that it was "uncertain where tropical storm in Gulf will reach coast line, but all persons should be warned to remain away from inaccessible places on Texas coast over week end." The early warning was to prevent travelers from being on the Texas beaches on Labor Day Weekend. As a result, an official at the Corpus Christi Weather Bureau office estimated that the warning "probably saved thousands of lives."


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
Early on September 4 about a day before landfall, the Weather Bureau issued a hurricane warning from Corpus Christi to Freeport and storm warnings for other locations along the Texas coast. When the storm's westward motion became more apparent, the hurricane warning was dropped north of Corpus Christi and extended southward to Brownsville. Officials in Corpus Christi declared martial law before the storm struck and ordered mandatory evacuations of low-lying areas. Shelters opened in the city, and many businesses closed.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
When the storm moved across the area, winds were estimated at 90 mph (140 km/h) in Brownsville, with gusts to 125 mph (201 km/h). High tides were reported along the coast, and the storm surge reached 13 ft (4.0 m) near Brownsville. The tides flooded portions of Corpus Christi about 3 ft (0.91 m) deep, sinking boats and damaging piers. Storm-generated waves destroyed 20 buildings in one settlement. The storm destroyed the causeway from Padre Island to Flour Bluff, and there were over 40 breaches in the island, some up to a mile wide.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
The storm dropped heavy rainfall from southern Texas through northeastern Mexico, peaking at over 15.0 in (380 mm) at a station near Mercedes; the total was one of four 24‑hour precipitation records set by the storm. The rains from the storm and two previous hurricanes led to a large increase in tropical butterfly species across the area. Throughout the Rio Grande Valley, the strong winds destroyed about 90% of the citrus crop. Overall, the hurricane left $16.9 million in damage and 40 deaths, mostly in Cameron County.


1933 Cuba–Brownsville hurricane, Impact
However, none of the deaths were in Brownsville or Corpus Christi, which was credited to the advance warning. Damage was less than expected in Corpus Christi, and many business owners who lost revenue sent letters of outcry to the Weather Bureau Headquarters; however, the Bureau determined that the evacuations and warnings were warranted given the storm's threat.


1933 Danish local elections
The Danish regional elections of 1933 were held in March 1933. 11424 municipal council members were elected.


1933 Dartmouth Indians football team
The 1933 Dartmouth Indians football team was an American football team that represented Dartmouth College as an independent during the 1933 college football season. In their seventh and final season under head coach Jackson Cannell, the Indians compiled a 4–4–1 record. Philip Glazer was the team captain.


1933 Dartmouth Indians football team
George Stangle was the team's leading scorer, with 30 points, from five touchdowns.


1933 Dartmouth Indians football team
Dartmouth played its home games at Memorial Field on the college campus in Hanover, New Hampshire.


1933 Datsun Type 12
The 1933 Datsun Type 12 was a small car produced by the Nissan corporation.


1933 Datsun Type 12, Description
The 1933 Datsun Type 12 was a small car produced by the Nissan corporation. The name Datsun was used by DAT for their line of small cars. After the DAT corporation was absorbed into Nissan, these cars continued to be produced, and the original model name was maintained. The Type 12 was basically similar to the earlier 1932 Type 11, but had a larger engine.


1933 Datsun Type 12, Description
Japanese laws at that time did not require a license to drive automobiles with small-displacement engines. DAT/Nissan produced the Datsun Type 11 as their entry into this market. The original limitation for this class of vehicles was 500 cc displacement engines, but that was changed to 750 cc in 1933. Nissan responded to this change by producing a larger engine, and gave the more powerful car a new name, the Type 12. The Type 12 was superseded by the Datsun Type 13 in July 1934.


1933 Dayton Flyers football team
The 1933 Dayton Flyers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Dayton as a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference during the 1933 college football season. In its 11th season under head coach Harry Baujan, the team compiled a 7–2–1 record.


1933 DePaul Blue Demons football team
The 1933 DePaul Blue Demons football team was an American football team that represented DePaul University as an independent during the 1933 college football season. The team compiled a 6–0–1 record, shut out five of seven opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 119 to 12. The team played its home games at Wrigley Field, Loyola Field, and Mills Stadium in Chicago. Jim Kelly and Ben Connor were the coaches.


1933 DePauw Tigers football team
The 1933 DePauw Tigers football team was an American football team that represented DePauw University as a member of the Indiana Intercollegiate Conference (IIC) during the 1933 college football season. In its fourth season under head coach Ray "Gaumy" Neal, the team compiled a 7–0 record, did not allow its opponents to score a point, and outscored opponents by a total of 136 to 0.


1933 DePauw Tigers football team
The team played its six home games at Blackstock Field in Greencastle, Indiana.


1933 Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football team
The 1933 Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football team was an American football team that represented the University of Delaware in the 1933 college football season. In its third season under head coach Charles Rogers, the team compiled a 2–4–2 record and was outscored by a total of 102 to 46.


1933 Delaware State Hornets football team
The 1933 Delaware State Hornets football team represented Delaware State University in the 1933 college football season as an independent. Delaware State had a 4–4 record. Their coach was Edward Jackson.


1933 Denver Pioneers football team
The 1933 Denver Pioneers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Denver in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1933 college football season. In its second season under head coach Percy Locey, the team compiled a 5–3–1 record (5–1–1 against RMC opponents), tied for second place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a total of 107 to 46.


1933 Detroit City College Tartars football team
The 1933 Detroit City College Tartars football team represented Detroit City College (later renamed Wayne State University) as an independent during the 1933 college football season. In their second year under head coach Joe Gembis, the Tartars compiled a 2–5–1 record and were outscored opponents by a combined total of 130 to 56.


1933 Detroit Tigers season
The 1933 Detroit Tigers season was a season in American baseball. The team finished fifth in the American League with a record of 75–79, 25 games behind the Washington Senators.


1933 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1933 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1933 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1933 Detroit Tigers season, Farm system
Hutchinson franchise transferred to Bartlesville and renamed, July 7, 1933; Quincy franchise moved and renamed twice, to Nashua on June 6, 1933, and to Brockton, August 8


1933 Detroit Titans football team
The 1933 Detroit Titans football team represented the University of Detroit in the 1933 college football season. Detroit shut out six of eight opponents, outscored all opponents by a combined total of 157 to 20, and finished with a 7–1 record in its ninth year under head coach and College Football Hall of Fame inductee, Gus Dorais. Significant games included victories over Marquette (22–6), Holy Cross (24–0), and Michigan State (14–0), and a loss to Duquesne (14–0).


1933 Diexi earthquake
The 1933 Diexi earthquake occurred in Diexi, Mao County, Szechwan, Republic of China on August 25 with a moment magnitude of 7.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). With up to 9,300 killed, this was the deadliest earthquake of 1933.


1933 Diexi earthquake
This earthquake destroyed the town of Diexi and surrounding villages, and caused many landslides, and killed about 9,000 people. The old town of Diexi sank into the landslide dam-created Diexi Lake.


1933 Dixie Rebels football team
The 1933 Dixie Rebels football team was an American football team that represented Dixie University (affiliated with Somerville School of Law) during the 1933 college football season. In its first season of intercollegiate football, albeit with a mostly veteran team from the 1932 Jefferson Rangers football team, Dixie compiled a 2–4 record with victories over Abilene Christian and Austin, though they scored just one touchdown in each win. In what was considered a benchmark game, Dixie traveled to Lubbock, Texas to play Texas Tech and was trounced 33–0.


1933 Dixie Rebels football team
The head coach of Dixie was Nick Dobbs, and was assisted by Jim Hamrick, the captain of the 1932 Jefferson Rangers. The team captain was star running back Jodie Whire, formerly at the University of Georgia, but he left the team and the school at the end of September and was succeeded by Jake "Rabbit" Minnehan as the captain. On October 27, Dobbs resigned prior to the season finale and was replaced by Hamrick. The Rebels finished with a close loss to North Dakota at Fair Park Stadium.


1933 Dixie Rebels football team
Dixie University was created by Nick Dobbs in collaboration with the Somerville Law School executives as a new college to transplant his football team-without-a-home Rangers. After Jefferson University kicked the team out of that university, Dobbs proclaimed “What is wrong with a ready-made football team getting itself a university?”  And with that Dixie was born to house the football team and apparently some college curricula. But the excitement that Dobbs created in 1932 had vanished almost as fast and his 1933 Rebels started to fall apart.


1933 Drake Bulldogs football team
The 1933 Drake Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Drake University in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) during the 1933 college football season. In its first season under head coach Vee Green, the team compiled a 6–3–1 record (5–1 against MVC opponents), finished second in the conference, and was outscored by a total of 105 to 74.


1933 Drexel Dragons football team
1933 Drexel Dragons football team represented Drexel Institute—now known as Drexel University—in the 1933 college football season. Led by Walter Halas in his seventh season as head coach, the team compiled a record of 5–3.


1933 Duke Blue Devils football team
The 1933 Duke Blue Devils football team represented the Duke Blue Devils of Duke University during the 1933 college football season. Hall of Famer Fred Crawford was a consensus All-American this year; the first from North Carolina.


1933 Duke Blue Devils football team
Duke upset Robert Neyland's Tennessee Volunteers 10 to 2. It was Tennessee's first loss in over two and a half seasons. It caused Neyland to say of Crawford: "He gave the finest exhibition of tackle play I have ever seen."


1933 Dunedin mayoral election
The 1933 Dunedin mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1933, elections were held for the Mayor of Dunedin plus other local government positions including twelve city councillors. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.


1933 Dunedin mayoral election
Robert Black, the incumbent Mayor, sought re-election but was defeated by Edwin Cox, a clergyman who had the backing of the Labour movement.


1933 Duquesne Dukes football team
The 1933 Duquesne Dukes football team was an American football team that represented Duquesne University as an independent during the 1933 college football season. In its seventh and final season under head coach Elmer Layden, Duquesne compiled a 10–1 record, outscored opponents by a total of 206 to 33, and defeated the Miami Hurricanes in the Festival of Palms Bowl.


1933 Dutch general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands on 26 April 1933. The Roman Catholic State Party remained the largest party in the House of Representatives, winning 28 of the 100 seats.


1933 East Carolina Teachers football team
The 1933 East Carolina Teachers football team was an American football team that represented represented East Carolina Teachers College (now known as East Carolina University) as an independent during the 1933 college football season. In their second season under head coach Kenneth Beatty, the team compiled a 1–5 record.


1933 East Fife by-election
The East Fife by-election of 1933 was held on Thursday, 2 February 1933. The by-election was held due to the death of the sitting National Liberal MP, Sir James Duncan Millar. It was won by the National Liberal candidate James Henderson Stewart.


1933 East Fife by-election, Candidates
27 year-old David Edwin Keir stood as an Independent Liberal candidate. Keir had stood for the Liberals at the 1929 Midlothian and Peebles Northern by-election and also contested the same seat at the 1929 general election. He was the Liberal candidate for Roxburgh and Selkirk at the 1931 general election, and was the son of the Rev. T. Keir of Dumfries, and was educated at Dumfries Academy and the University of Edinburgh. He was a journalist.


1933 East Fife by-election, Result
Anderson, running under the Agricultural Party, attracted many of his votes from Unionists who regretted not being able to field a candidate of their own due to the political pact with the National Liberals.


1933 East Tennessee State Teachers football team
The 1933 East Tennessee State Teachers football team was an American football team that represented East Tennessee State Teacher's College, Johnson City—now known as East Tennessee State University (ETSU)—as a member of the Smoky Mountain Conference in the 1933 college football season. They were led by second-year head coach Gene McMurray. The 1933 team had by far best record of any team in the program's history with a 6–1–2 mark against the "hardest schedule ever attempted by the school".


1933 Eastern Suburbs season
Eastern Suburbs (now known as the Sydney Roosters) competed in the 26th New South Wales Rugby League(NSWRL) premiership in 1933.


1933 Ecuadorian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Ecuador on 14 and 15 December 1933. The result was a victory for José María Velasco Ibarra of the Conservative Party, who received 80% of the vote.


1933 Edmonton municipal election
The 1933 Edmonton municipal election was held November 8, 1933 to elect a mayor and five aldermen to sit on City Council and four trustees each to sit on the public and separate school boards.


1933 Edmonton municipal election
There were ten aldermen on city council, but five of the positions were already filled: Charles Gibbs, John Wesley Fry, James Ogilvie, James East, and John McCreath were all elected to two-year terms in 1932 and were still in office.


1933 Edmonton municipal election
There were seven trustees on the public school board, but three of the positions were already filled:   Mrs. E G Ferris, Frederick Casselman, and Samuel Barnes had all been elected to two-year terms in 1932 and were still in office. The same was true of the separate school board, where Adrien Crowe (SS), J O Pilon, and W D Trainor were continuing.


1933 Edmonton municipal election, Voter turnout
There were 21,730 ballots cast out of 44,603 eligible voters, for a voter turnout of 48.7%.


1933 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Separate (Catholic) school trustees
Under the minimum South Side representation rule, Tansey was elected over Conroy.


1933 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Board of Health Plebiscite
Are you in favor of the health services at present administered by the local Board of Health of the City of Edmonton and the Public and Separate School Boards being amalgamated and placed under the control of the local Board of Health?


1933 Ekstraklasa, Overview
It was contested by 12 teams, and Ruch Chorzów won the championship.


1933 Emperor's Cup, Overview
It was contested by 8 teams, and Tokyo OB Club won the championship.


1933 Emperor's Cup Final
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1933 Emperor's Cup Final
1933 Emperor's Cup Final was the 13th final of the Emperor's Cup competition. The final was played at Meiji Jingu Gaien Stadium in Tokyo on October 30, 1933. Tokyo OB Club won the championship.


1933 Emperor's Cup Final, Overview
Tokyo OB Club won their 1st title, by defeating Sendai SC 4–1.


1933 English Greyhound Derby
The 1933 Greyhound Derby took place during June with the final being held on 25 June 1933 at White City Stadium. The winner Future Cutlet received a first prize of £1,050 in front of an attendance of 70,000. Both Future Cutlet and Roaving Loafer were owned by Wembley publican Mr W A Evershed.


1933 English Greyhound Derby, Final result, Distances
Short head, 5, 2, 5, 10 (lengths)The distances between the greyhounds are in finishing order and shown in lengths. From 1927-1950 one length was equal to 0.06 of one second but race times are shown as 0.08 as per modern day calculations.


1933 English Greyhound Derby, Review
Defending champion Wild Woolley and Future Cutlet would both return for the 1933 competition and were both expected to go well again. Future Cutlet's half-brother Beef Cutlet (the Laurels and Welsh Greyhound Derby champion) was the third greyhound considered a serious contender. He had recently won the Hunt Cup at Blackpool Greyhound Stadium by eight lengths and actually covered 500 yards in 26.13 sec.


1933 English Greyhound Derby, Review
Wild Woolley won his opening heat in 30.14 and Deemsters Mike trained by Fred Livesly took the next heat in 30.35. Future Cutlet was run off the track by Wembley Spring Cup champion Goopy Gear but the klaxon was heard and Goopy Gear was disqualified. Future Cutlet duly qualified from the re-run, behind Silver Seal II in 30.29. Welsh representative Beef Cutlet won by 13 lengths in the fastest first round time of 29.81.


1933 English Greyhound Derby, Review
Two semi-finals were now held instead of three and Wild Woolley won the first by 4 lengths from Roving Loafer with Deemsters Mike finishing third. Two days later the second semi-final saw Beef Cutlet win in 30.09 from Future Cutlet who only just held off Lutwyche in a messy race.


1933 English Greyhound Derby, Review
In the final Future Cutlet led at the first bend and enjoyed a trouble free run. He built up a clear lead from Wild Woolley, and Deemster Mike, with Beef Cutlet some 4 lengths back in fourth. Future Cutlet maintained a four length lead, but Beef Cutlet showed tremendous back straight pace and passed both Wild Woolley and Deemster Mike. Future Cutlet continued to lead as Beef Cutlet rapidly cut down that lead and on the run to the line they went passed together. Future Cutlet was given the verdict by the stewards, Captain Stanley and Mr Wood. He was the oldest dog ever to win the Derby and made amends for his defeat in the final the previous year.


1933 English cricket season
1933 was the 40th season of County Championship cricket in England. Yorkshire's dominance continued with a third successive title. England defeated the touring West Indies 2–0.


1933 English cricket season, Test series, West Indies tour
In a three-match series, England defeated West Indies 2-0 with one match drawn.


1933 English cricket season, Leading batsmen
Wally Hammond topped the averages with 3323 runs @ 67.81


1933 English cricket season, Leading bowlers
Hedley Verity topped the averages with 190 wickets @ 13.43


1933 Estonian Football Championship
The 1933 Estonian Football Championship was the 13th official football league season in Estonia. Six teams took part in the league five from Tallinn and one from Narva. Each team played every opponent twice, one at home and once on the road, for total of 10 games. VS Sport Tallinn won their third consecutive title.


1933 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1933 European Figure Skating Championships were held in London, United Kingdom. Elite senior-level figure skaters from European ISU member nations competed for the title of European Champion in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and pair skating.


1933 European Rowing Championships
The 1933 European Rowing Championships were rowing championships held on the Danube in the Hungarian capital city of Budapest. The competition was for men only and they competed in all seven Olympic boat classes (M1x, M2x, M2-, M2+, M4-, M4+, M8+).


1933 FA Charity Shield
The 1933 FA Charity Shield was the 20th FA Charity Shield, an annual football match. It was played between Everton (1932–33 FA Cup winners) and Arsenal (1932–33 Football League champions) at Goodison Park in Liverpool on 18 October 1933. Arsenal won the match 2–1.


1933 FA Cup Final
The 1933 FA Cup Final was a football match between Everton and Manchester City on 29 April 1933 at Wembley Stadium in London. The deciding match of English football's primary cup competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (better known as the FA Cup), it was the 62nd final, and the 11th at Wembley. The 1933 final was the first where the players, including goalkeepers, were issued numbers for identification. Everton were allocated numbers 1–11 and Manchester City numbers 12–22.


1933 FA Cup Final
Each team progressed through five rounds to reach the final. Everton won 3–0, with goals from Jimmy Stein, Dixie Dean and James Dunn, and won the cup for the first time since 1906.


1933 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Everton
Both teams entered the competition in the third round, the entry point for First Division clubs. Everton were drawn to play Leicester City at Filbert Street, an all First Division tie. The match was close; Dixie Dean scored for Everton after three minutes, but Leicester quickly levelled the score. A goal by Jimmy Stein gave Everton a 2–1 half-time lead, but Leicester again equalised. James Dunn eventually scored to secure a 3–2 win for Everton. Second Division Bury provided the opposition in the fourth round. Tommy Johnson scored twice for Everton in the opening half-hour.


1933 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Everton
From that point, though Bury enjoyed significant spells of possession, Everton thwarted their efforts by preying on Bury mistakes. In the second half Dean added a third goal from a rebounded Cliff Britton free-kick, and Bury scored a late consolation goal. Everton were drawn to play Leeds United at home in the fifth round. Leeds' strong league form meant Everton entered the match as slight underdogs despite home advantage. Everton goalkeeper Ted Sagar made two important saves in the first half to deny Arthur Hydes and Billy Furness. Everton the gained the upper hand and scored twice, Dean with the first, and Stein with the second, direct from a corner.


1933 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Everton
Against Third Division Luton Town in the quarter-final, Everton won comfortably. The match remained scoreless for half an hour, but after Stein opened the scoring for Everton the match became one-sided, and ended 6–0. Stein and Johnson both scored twice, along with a goal each for Dunn and Dean, the latter maintaining his record of scoring in every round. By this time Everton were viewed as favourites to win the competition. In the semi-final they played West Ham at Molineux, Wolverhampton. Everton took the lead in the sixth minute.


1933 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Everton
A corner kick by Stein was headed on by Johnson, and then headed into the net by Dunn. Everton had the better of the play in the first half, but Vic Watson scored for West Ham just before half-time. In the second half West Ham's Woods missed an open goal from six yards (5.5m). Everton then capitalised on their reprieve. With seven minutes remaining, a mistake by Jim Barrett allowed Edward Critchley to go clear on goal and score the winner.


1933 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Manchester City
Manchester City started the competition at Third Division Gateshead. Despite the disparity in league positions, a heavy pitch made for an even game, which finished 1–1. The replay at Maine Road was one-sided. A 9–0 Manchester City win featured six different scorers, including a hat-trick from Fred Tilson. In the fourth round Manchester City faced another Third Division side, Walsall, who had provided the surprise result of the third round by defeating league leaders Arsenal. Brook scored both goals in a 2–0 win, in which Walsall's Reed was sent off for a foul on Brook.


1933 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Manchester City
The fifth round brought a short trip to Bolton Wanderers, where the attendance of 69,920 was the highest of the round. Bolton took the lead, but Brook scored twice in quick succession to give Manchester City the advantage at the interval. Bolton equalised when a gust of wind caught Ray Westwood's corner. Brook completed a hat trick with a penalty to regain the lead, and in the closing minutes Tilson completed a 4–2 victory. The Manchester Guardian suggested Brook's "magnificent display" made him a contender for an England call-up.


1933 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Manchester City
Manchester City's quarter-final was against Burnley of the Second Division. City took the lead early in the match following a solo goal by Tilson. In the second-half Burnley discarded their passing game in favour of a direct approach, and pressured the Manchester City goal. The City defence stood firm, and the match finished 1–0. City's opponents for the semi-final, held at Leeds Road, Huddersfield, were Derby County. Derby had two chances to score in the first half, but both were missed. A Manchester City counter-attack produced the opening goal, when Brook crossed and Toseland headed in.


1933 FA Cup Final, Route to the final, Manchester City
By midway through the second half Manchester City led by three goals. The second was scored by Tilson, a follow-up after an initial saved shot. McMullan scored the third after dribbling through the Derby defence. Derby mounted a late comeback. A goal by Howard Fabian reduced the deficit to two, and Sammy Crooks added a late second for Derby, but it was too late to affect the result of the match, which ended 3–2.


1933 FA Cup Final, Build-up
Everton had contested the final on four previous occasions. They beat Newcastle United 1–0 to win the Cup in 1906, but were defeated in the 1893, 1897 and 1907 finals. The 1933 final was Manchester City's third. Both their previous finals were against Bolton Wanderers. Manchester City won by a goal to nil in 1904, and lost by the same scoreline in 1926. Both teams had performed well in the previous season. Manchester City reached the semi-finals of the 1932 FA Cup; Everton were reigning league champions. The clubs had never previously met in cup competition.


1933 FA Cup Final, Build-up
The league matches between the two earlier in the season each finished as a win for the home team. At the time of the final, Everton's league position was tenth, and Manchester City's sixteenth. Newspapers did not declare a clear favourite for the win. Everton were viewed as having the more skilful players, particularly their forwards, whereas Manchester City were seen as having greater strength and determination.


1933 FA Cup Final, Build-up
Everton spent the week before the match in the spa town of Buxton, and travelled to Dorking on the eve of the match. Manchester City spent the week in Bushey. Everton's James Dunn received treatment on a thigh injury in the ten days preceding the game, but was anticipated to be fit enough to play. Manchester City's main injury worry was Fred Tilson, who was troubled by a leg injury. Dunn was passed fit well before the game, allowing Everton to field the same line-up that played in four of their five previous cup ties.


1933 FA Cup Final, Build-up
Ten miles (16 km) of barbed wire was used to secure Wembley Stadium against unauthorised entry. The pre-match entertainment was music by the Band of the Irish Guards, and communal singing backed by the band of the Royal Horse Guards. Inclement weather prevented the attendance of King George V. Instead the guest of honour was the Duke of York. Other guests present included Baron Wigram, Admiral Sir Lionel Halsey, Austrian envoy Baron von Franckenstein and the West Indies cricket team.


1933 FA Cup Final, Build-up
The Manchester City line-up contained two survivors from the 1926 team, Sam Cowan and Jimmy McMullan. The only Everton player with cup final experience was Tommy Johnson, who also played for Manchester City in the 1926 final. He represented the Manchester club between 1919 and 1930, and at the time of the 1933 final was Manchester City's all-time highest goalscorer.


1933 FA Cup Final, Build-up
Both teams usually wore blue, causing a colour clash. The competition rules required both teams to wear alternative colours. For the first time in a cup final, the players wore numbered shirts. Everton were numbered 1–11, and Manchester City 12–22. Everton goalkeeper Sagar wore 1, with the forwards bearing the higher numbers. Manchester City were the reverse. Forward Brook wore 12, through to goalkeeper Langford who wore 22.


1933 FA Cup Final, Match
Each team played the formation typical of the era: two full-backs, three half-backs and five forwards. With Tilson absent from the Manchester City line-up, Alec Herd moved across to Tilson's usual centre-forward position, and Bobby Marshall was selected at inside-right. For Everton, Albert Geldard who was injured for the semi-final was selected at outside right, and Ted Critchley who scored the winning goal in the FA Cup semi-final, was left out of the side.


1933 FA Cup Final, Match
Manchester City had the first attack of the match, but it came to nothing. Soon Everton began to dominate the match, with Dean frequently involved in the attacking play. Several Everton attacks came on their left flank. Stein caused Manchester City right-back Sid Cann problems, and Cann was forced to concede a corner kick on several occasions. Just after the half-hour Everton had their first shot on target, when Stein's effort was saved by Langford. Another chance quickly arrived. Stein's cross passed in front of goal, but Dean was unable to connect with the ball. Two minutes later Manchester City goalkeeper Langford attempted to catch a cross from Britton, but dropped the ball under pressure from Dean. The ball fell into the path of Stein, who put the ball into the empty net to give Everton the lead. At half-time Everton led 1–0.


1933 FA Cup Final, Match
Everton continued to control the game in the second half. Manchester City took shots from long range, but none required Sagar to make a save. Seven minutes into the second half, Langford again failed to catch a Britton cross, and Dean charged to the net. Dean, ball and goalkeeper all landed in the goal, making the score 2–0. Manchester City then made a few fruitless attacks. As was the case throughout the game, the Everton defence outplayed the Manchester City forwards. The Manchester Guardian singled out Warney Cresswell for particular praise, describing his performance as "an almost perfect display". Ten minutes from time a Dunn header from a corner made the score 3–0 to Everton. Just before the end Everton's Johnson had a chance to make it 4–0, but the referee blew his whistle for full-time before Johnson could take his shot.


1933 FA Cup Final, Post-match
Everton captain Dixie Dean led his team to the Royal Box and received the cup from the Duke of York. Everton returned to Liverpool on the Monday evening, and paraded the city in the same horse-drawn carriage used in the celebrations of their previous cup win in 1906. The players attended a reception at the town hall, where large crowds greeted them. After the reception the cup was taken to Goodison Park for public viewing.


1933 FA Cup Final, Post-match
Newsreels of the final featured post-match toasts by the two captains. First Dixie Dean, raising his glass, said "Here's to Lancashire, and may the cup stay in Lancashire. If Everton don't win it, may another Lancashire club win it." Cowan replied "I hope the next Lancashire club that wins it is Manchester City, my club". The following year's final made the captains' remarks look perceptive. Cowan and his Manchester City team returned, and beat Portsmouth 2–1 to win the 1934 cup. Both Manchester City and Everton also went on to win the league championship later in the decade; Manchester City in 1937, and Everton in 1939.


1933 Finnish parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Finland between 1 and 3 July 1933. The Social Democratic Party remained the largest party in Parliament with 78 of the 200 seats. However, Prime Minister Toivo Mikael Kivimäki of the National Progressive Party continued in office after the elections, supported by Pehr Evind Svinhufvud and quietly by most Agrarians and Social Democrats. They considered Kivimäki's right-wing government a lesser evil than political instability (various short-lived governments) or an attempt by the radical right to gain power. Voter turnout was 62.2%.


1933 Finnish parliamentary election, Background
The main campaign issues were the differing attitudes towards democracy and the rule of law between the Patriotic Electoral Alliance (National Coalitioners and Patriotic People's Movement) and the Legality Front (Social Democrats, Agrarians, Swedish People's Party and Progressives). The Patriotic Electoral Alliance favoured continuing the search for suspected Communists - the Communist Party and its affiliated organizations had been outlawed in 1930 as treasonous organizations - and was against the Social Democrats' joining the government under any circumstances.


1933 Finnish parliamentary election, Background
The Legality Front did not want to spend any significant time on searching suspected Communists, but rather wanted to concentrate on keeping the far right in check. The Lapua Movement had been outlawed after its failed Mäntsälä rebellion in March 1932, and the Patriotic People's Movement had been established as its successor later in 1932. President Svinhufvud (National Coalition) strictly guarded law and order, an attitude which made him somewhat suspicious of the Patriotic People's Movement's motives. Prime Minister Kivimäki (Progressive) led a right-wing minority government, which President Svinhufvud fully supported in the effort to fight the Great Depression. Despite the Patriotic Electoral Alliance's vigorous election campaign, only about one-sixth of the participating Finnish voters supported it.


1933 Flinders by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Flinders on 11 November 1933. This was triggered by the resignation of United Australia Party (UAP) MP and former Prime Minister Stanley Bruce to become Australian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.


1933 Florida Gators football team
The 1933 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1933 college football season. The season was Florida alumnus Dennis K. Stanley's first as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team. Stanley, who had been a standout end on the great 1928 Gators team, assembled an all-Florida-alumni coaching staff and led the Gators to a 5–3–1 revival following two consecutive losing seasons in 1931 and 1932.


1933 Florida Gators football team
The 1933 season was also the first for the new Southeastern Conference (SEC), and Stanley's 1933 Florida Gators finished with a 2–3 SEC record and tied for ninth among the thirteen SEC charter members.


1933 Florida Gators football team, Before the season
Dutch Stanley was hired. Quarterback Sam Davis was the first quarterback and captain since Goof Bowyer in 1928. A star on the team was Al Hickland, a 250-pound, three-sport athlete who was also the team's kicker.


1933 Florida Gators football team, Season summary
The highlights of the 1933 season included SEC wins over the Sewanee Tigers and Auburn Tigers, and out-of-conference victories versus the North Carolina Tar Heels and Maryland Terrapins.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane
The 1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane was the first of two Atlantic hurricanes to strike the Treasure Coast region of Florida in the very active 1933 Atlantic hurricane season. It was one of two storms that year to inflict hurricane-force winds over South Texas, causing significant damage there; the other occurred in early September. The fifth tropical cyclone of the year, it formed east of the Lesser Antilles on July 24, rapidly strengthening as it moved west-northwest. As it passed over the islands, it attained hurricane status on July 26, producing heavy rains and killing at least six people.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane
Over the next three days, it moved north of the Caribbean, paralleling the Turks and Caicos Islands and the Bahamas. The storm produced extensive damage and at least one drowning as it crossed the Bahamas. On July 29, the cyclone came under the influence of changing steering currents in the atmosphere, which forced the storm into Florida near Hobe Sound a day later. A minimal hurricane at landfall, it caused negligible wind damage as it crossed Florida, but generated heavy rains along its path, causing locally severe flooding. The storm turned west, weakened to below hurricane status, and later exited the state north of Charlotte Harbor on July 31.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane
Once over the eastern Gulf of Mexico, the storm shifted its course to the west-southwest and gradually recovered its intensity. The path of the storm brought it close to the mouth of the Rio Grande in early August. Few ships encountered the small storm as it regained hurricane status on August 4, just a day before striking northern Mexico with winds of 90 mph (145 km/h)—making it close to a modern-day Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Striking close to the border between the United States and Mexico, the storm caused extensive damage in both countries.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane
Winds damaged buildings and crops in Tamaulipas and the southern regions of Texas, with heavy losses to citrus production in the Rio Grande Valley. While only one person died in the United States, heavy rains led to catastrophic flooding that claimed at least 31 lives in northern Mexico; the worst-hit areas were in and near the city of Monterrey. While monetary losses in Mexico were unclear, the storm did at least $3,000,000 in damages in the United States, measured in contemporary U.S. dollars.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Historical context
The July storm was not the last to damage the Treasure Coast of Florida in 1933: a much stronger cyclone in September, with winds of 125 mph (200 km/h), extensively damaged the same area that the July storm affected. This storm overshadowed memories of the earlier hurricane, and would be remembered as among the worst on the Treasure Coast as late as the 1980s.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Historical context
The occurrence of two hurricanes on the east coast of Florida in the same season is a relatively rare event in historical records, but not unprecedented: for instance, forensic research by weather historian David M. Ludlum suggests that two or more hurricanes in 1837 may have affected the region. Citing reports from William Reid in Law of Storms (1838), Ludlum noted that two hurricanes affected Central and Northeast Florida on August 1–2 and September 6, respectively, while other storms, potentially hurricanes, may have done so later in September. The September hurricane struck between St. Augustine and Jacksonville. Incidentally, the 1837 Atlantic hurricane season was apparently very active, like 1933; as in 2004, a record four hurricanes hit the state of Florida, including the infamous Racer's hurricane in October.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
At 12:00 UTC on July 24, HURDAT initialized a tropical depression some 430 miles (690 km) east of Saint Lucia in the Windward Islands. (This was at the time that another tropical system formed over 450 mi (725 km) east of Bermuda.) Prior to reanalysis in 2012, official records indicated formation at 12:00 UTC on July 25; however, examination of observations from ships and land stations revealed a closed low a day earlier. Upon generation, the depression moved generally west-northwest, toward the eastern Caribbean, becoming a tropical storm at 00:00 UTC on July 25.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
However, ships and weather stations did not observe gales until later that day, so the winds in HURDAT were interpolated, but based on available data, the storm strengthened steadily. At 16:00 UTC, the British steamship Daytonian recorded a pressure of 1,012 mb (29.87 inHg), followed by peak winds of Force 9, about 45 mph (72 km/h), from the east. Around that time, the island of Antigua also experienced gales and a pressure of 1,002 mb (29.59 inHg) as the storm made landfall with winds of 60 to 70 mph (95 to 110 km/h). A barometer on Saba measured 983 mb (29.02 inHg), implying maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (135 km/h); based on this, the storm was posthumously upgraded to hurricane status at 00:00 UTC on July 26, 12 hours earlier than once designated in HURDAT.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
As the storm neared Saint Thomas, the island experienced northeast winds of 60 mph (97 km/h). On its west-northwest course, the storm—now equivalent to a Category 1 hurricane—missed Puerto Rico to its northeast. On July 27, the cyclone brushed Grand Turk and the Caicos, producing winds visually estimated at 85 mph (137 km/h) on the former island, with a peripheral pressure of 995 mb (29.37 inHg). The hurricane gradually bent to the northwest as it followed the arc of the eastern Bahamas.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
After 15:00 UTC on July 28, the Norwegian steamship Noreg encountered southeast winds of 70 mph (110 km/h), yet pressures only dipped to 1,002 mb (29.58 inHg). The storm struck Cat Island, Bahamas, around 18:00 UTC with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h); the next day, the storm made another landfall on the Abaco Islands with the same winds. During this time, the storm turned to the west-northwest, nearing the east coast of Florida; this was likely due to a robust subtropical ridge in the area.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
Based on ship reports, the storm made its only landfall in the United States on Jupiter Island, between Port Salerno and Hobe Sound, Florida, around 16:00 UTC on July 30. Some hours earlier, the American steamship El Almirante encountered hurricane-force winds—the only such instance at sea in the storm—concurrent with a pressure of 998 mb (29.46 inHg).


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
Another ship nearby made a reading of 992 mb (29.29 inHg) coincident with winds of 50 mph (80 km/h), hinting that it was taken inside the eye of the storm; calculations by researchers determined that the central pressure was 988 mb (29.18 inHg) at the time and at landfall in Florida.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
While this supported winds of only tropical storm force (70 mph (115 km/h)), the storm had a small radius of outermost closed isobar embedded in a ridge of high pressure, so winds in Florida were deemed to be 75 mph (120 km/h), affirming earlier reports that listed the storm as a hurricane at landfall. After landfall, the storm weakened to a tropical storm and moved slowly westward across the south-central peninsula, passing over the northern end of Lake Okeechobee early on July 31. The center of the compact tropical cyclone then passed slightly north of Punta Gorda and reached the Gulf of Mexico, between Venice and Englewood, with winds of 45 mph (70 km/h).


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
From this point, few ships were near the center of the storm with which to accurately discern its location and intensity, though data on August 1–2 confirmed a weaker cyclone than earlier. At 00:00 UTC on August 1, the storm began a persistent west-southwest motion that continued for the rest of its life cycle. A few ships on August 1–3 noted modest gales of 40 mph (64 km/h), with the lowest pressure on weather maps being 1,004 mb (29.65 inHg) at 12:00 UTC on August 3.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
Based on this pressure, reanalysis inferred that the storm began gradually restrengthening a day earlier, reaching 65 mph (105 km/h) at the time of the reading. Although the storm regained hurricane status at 00:00 UTC on August 4, due to the sparsity of ship data, weather forecasters at the time assumed the storm only contained gale-force winds.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Meteorological history
For a day, the storm briefly angled to the west as it neared the Mexico–United States border, reaching its final and strongest peak of 90 mph (145 km/h) late on August 4. Anemometers in Brownsville, Texas, verified a landfall near Playa Lauro Villar, Tamaulipas, just south of the Rio Grande, near 01:00 UTC on August 5. Based on the data, scientists ascertained a radius of maximum wind of about 30 mi (50 km) as the eye made landfall. Barometers in Brownsville showed pressures of 981 to 982 mb (28.98 to 29 inHg), attesting a central pressure of 975 mb (28.79 inHg) in the eye. Now hooking west-southwest, the storm quickly atrophied as it moved inland and vanished over easternmost Nuevo León by 18:00 UTC on August 5.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Preparations
Although the storm affected several Caribbean islands, the Turks and Caicos, and the Bahamas, preparations there, if any, were unclear. Residents across Puerto Rico boarded up windows and secured roofs in anticipation of damaging winds. Governor Robert Hayes Gore placed the Hurricane Relief Organization and Red Cross on standby. As the storm neared Florida, the United States Weather Bureau—later the National Weather Service—posted storm warnings between Miami and Titusville. These were later extended to include the west coast of the state from Punta Rassa to Tarpon Springs. At the time, forecasters were unaware that the storm was of hurricane status; this unawareness extended to the storm's passage over the Gulf of Mexico. Forecasters only issued storm warnings for part of the Texas coast, including the cities of Brownsville and Freeport.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Preparations
Upon news of the storm, businesses in West Palm Beach boarded up vulnerable, expensive plate glass windows. Fearing flooding, authorities were empowered by Florida governor David Sholtz to evacuate over 4,200–5,000 residents, most of whom were black farm workers, from low-lying areas around Lake Okeechobee to elevated locations. Most of the evacuees left by train, prompted by fears of washouts on the track beds. A day before the storm, the lake level reached 17 feet (5.2 m), heightening officials' concerns about flooding and spurring the evacuations.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Preparations
Several railway companies lent free transport to their passengers, and trains were conveniently stationed around the lake. The evacuations took place in the communities of Belle Glade, Pahokee, Canal Point, Okeechobee, and Clewiston. Relief organizations and local mayors distributed milk, biscuits, and coffee to evacuees. On the west coast of the state, some residents covered their windows, but many others did not, anticipating little damage from the weak storm. Citizens received radio updates from the Weather Bureau, which gave the position and movement of the storm. Some beachfront residents, such as in Sarasota, left their homes for safety, while boaters secured their vessels.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Preparations
In Texas, the Weather Bureau notified people early enough to allow mass evacuations: most coastal residents and camping visitors evacuated the vulnerable islands as the storm neared. Between 60 and 70% of Port Isabel's 500 residents left before the storm, with the remainder sheltering in a sturdy brick store on the highest land available.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact
Throughout the hurricane's path from the Caribbean, to Florida, and finally into Texas and Mexico, 39 people were killed. Thirty-one deaths occurred in Mexico, six in Saint Kitts, and one in both the Bahamas and Texas. Although figures from Mexico were unavailable, total losses from the storm in the United States reached about $3 million, inclusive of Florida and Texas, though figures for the latter state varied from $500,000 to $1.75 million, according to various sources.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Caribbean
As it passed over the Lesser Antilles, the storm caused at least six deaths on the island of Saint Kitts—then known as Saint Christopher Island—and the Virgin Islands reported torrential rains, though no damage was reported. The barometer dipped to 1,005 mb (29.69 inHg) as the storm bypassed the islands to the south. Crops and farm fencing on Saint Croix sustained some damage, though overall effects were limited. Coincidentally, the storm arrived the day after Hurricane Supplication Day, a local tradition marking the opening of hurricane season on the fourth Monday in July.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Caribbean
In the Bahamas, winds of 84 mph (135 km/h) swept the Abaco Islands early on July 29, but caused only minimal damage there. Other reports indicated more severe damage elsewhere in the islands, including across the Turks and Caicos Islands, and one death from drowning. The American schooner Adams, anchored off Grand Turk, was dragged out to sea by the hurricane's waves.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Wind damage was generally minimal as the small hurricane crossed Florida, except to citrus crops and snapped vegetation in some areas. According to a survey by local fire officials, the calm eye was observed from Hobe Sound to the edge of Stuart, during which passage "hardly a needle in pine trees along the side of the road could be seen moving." Peak winds estimated or registered at 60 to 70 mph (97 to 113 km/h) affected the coast between Stuart and Fort Pierce. The winds downed several telegraph poles and destroyed a structure at Stuart, but otherwise little damage resulted.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Initial reports from Fort Pierce signaled no uprooted trees. Farther south, apart from a snapped coconut palm, the town of Palm Beach evinced little damage to foliage. In Fort Pierce, heavier losses to grapefruit were accounted at about 25%, especially in exposed groves, and some trees suffered total loss of fruit. Shrubs and roofs in the city were damaged as well, but power and water services were quickly revived as the worst of the storm passed. Final losses to citrus in the Indian River region were tallied at 10–20%, with much greater tolls locally.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Avocado and mango trees also sustained significant damage. A minimum pressure of 1,004 mb (29.66 inHg) occurred in Stuart, the same as in Jupiter—both unusually high for a hurricane, though likely related to the storm's small size. In fact, contemporary meteorologists concluded that the storm had only hit Florida at tropical storm strength, with top winds of 70 mph (113 km/h) in Stuart.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Despite the relatively modest winds, prolific rains attended the cyclone. A rain gauge at the Palm Beach Post office in West Palm Beach counted 12.01 inches (305 mm) on July 30–31, setting a 24-hour record at that location—3.19 in (81 mm) above the daily maximum for the week of the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane. This established a monthly record as well, the total being 23.28 in (591 mm) for July. Ultimately, totals exceeding 15.25 in (387 mm) fell over a two-day span, with a storm total of 15.7 in (399 mm).


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Other rain gauges, such as one that blew over in Fort Pierce, failed to measure the true totals, which were likely underestimated. The deluge turned lawns into "small lakes", overflowed curbs on Royal Palm Way for two blocks, and left up to 1 foot (0.30 m) of water in the streets of Royal Park, a neighborhood in Palm Beach. Floodwaters submerged all but the highest land on a nearby golf course, which was navigable only by boat.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
The copious rains submerged roads and rural countryside in Palm Beach, Martin, and St. Lucie counties, but did not render highways impassible for traffic. However, roads in the Jupiter area could only be traversed "with great difficulty", and water stood 2.5 ft (0.76 m) deep on parts of Dixie Highway. Floodwaters shut down a bridge in town, and aside from a West Palm Beach commuter, bus drivers were the only motorists on flooded roads. The Post described the predicament of Matt Platt, the commuter from West Palm Beach, as he entered Jupiter:


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Trains were getting through but travel by car in any direction was almost taboo. [ ...] Water ... at times was up to the lights on his car, [and he] was the only person to drive into the town Monday [July 31]...     –Palm Beach Post, August 1, 1933


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Reports from Jupiter detailed a town almost "cut off" by floodwaters. A washout affected a 70-foot (21 m) section of track bed on the Florida East Coast Railway in Port Salerno, halting three passenger trains for a combined 7.5 hours. Nearby, floodwaters stranded two Florida Motor Lines buses as water rose to cover the floors. Relief vehicles later transported passengers on their way. African-American communities in Stuart reported severe flooding as well, and torrential rains formed potholes in streets in West Palm Beach.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
The rains demonstrated that local communities could be stranded, causing funds to be expedited toward bridge repairs on the Loxahatchee River near Jupiter. As late as August 2, floodwaters remained 1.5 to 2 ft (0.46 to 0.61 m) deep along Military Trail near West Palm Beach. Flooding in some areas was the worst since a hurricane in October 1924. Winds disrupted communications with small settlements, and Stuart was unreachable for many hours. Loose branches falling on power lines temporarily disrupted electricity in Palm Beach, where flooding affected low-lying ground. The effects were similar to those attending earlier storms.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Sewers in West Palm Beach backed up, causing water to seep over Dixie Highway at several spots. The water also submerged an FEC railroad siding and was 1.5 ft (0.46 m) deep at the east end of the Royal Park bridge. Several cars were stranded while attempting to navigate flooded streets. Despite inconveniences, residents made good humor of the elements: newspapers noted that a parrot lost shortly before the storm was spotted in a tree, uninjured, and returned to its owner.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Inland, the storm caused no appreciable effects as it mostly crossed sparsely settled areas. Winds at Okeechobee reached 40 to 50 mph (64 to 80 km/h) as the center moved south of that town early on July 31. Heavy rains extended over the area, with 24-hour amounts of 12.02 in (305 mm) in Indiantown and 15.6 in (396 mm) at a water transport lock. Additional heavy rains fell over the west coast of Florida, but to a lesser extent than on the east; as was the case elsewhere, notable wind damage was almost non-existent.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Florida
Little immediate damage from wind and rain resulted in the Everglades and near Lake Okeechobee. Winds peaked at 30 mph (48 km/h) in Pahokee, along the lake's eastern shore, and the lake level rose 18 in (457 mm) on July 30–31, which was not enough to induce flooding, although the Kissimmee River, which fed into Lake Okeechobee, rose steadily, owing to heavy rains. The Weather Bureau office in Tampa recorded peak winds of 39 mph (63 km/h). In St. Petersburg, citizens enjoyed a refreshing northeast breeze that removed dead fronds from palms, uprooted scattered plants, and sent waves splashing over seawalls. An anemometer operated by United States Airways at Grand Central Airport, a now-defunct airport on Weedon Island, clocked 40 mph (64 km/h) winds.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Texas and Mexico
As the hurricane affected Brownsville, strong winds—estimated at 80 to 90 mph (130 to 140 km/h)—rent apart tree limbs, tore off roofs, and cracked plate glass windows. Debris covered streets in nearby Port Isabel, where waterfront fishing huts were wrecked. High seas also destroyed many structures on South Padre Island and partly submerged Padre and Brazos islands. High tides eroded 500 ft (150 m) of highway on Brazos. Almost no building in Port Isabel went unscathed, with poorly built structures flattened; among the worst hit were at a development company.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Texas and Mexico
Early reports confirmed that airborne glass from the local courthouse mildly injured a man in Brownsville. The storm also disrupted communications between the Texas mainland and the barrier islands, where high tides stranded 25–30 campers and a detachment of cavalry from Fort Brown. Two hangars in Brownsville collapsed from the winds as well. A smokestack at a canning facility in La Feria collapsed under the strain of high winds. Water levels along the Rio Grande rose by 14 ft (4.3 m), though the river ultimately fell short of flood stage and spared surrounding areas of damage.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Texas and Mexico
The storm ruined between 8–10% of the citrus crop in the Rio Grande Valley, and caused at least one death in Texas. Localized losses to the citrus crop reached 25% and upwards of 50% of the cotton crop was blown away in the lower valley region. Total crop damage reached $2 million.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Texas and Mexico
In Mexico, the storm produced torrential rains that resulted in severe flooding, particularly in riparian areas along and near the Santa Catarina River in Monterrey, where at least 31 people died as floods made more than a quarter of the city inaccessible. The collapse of a bridge isolated the Colonia Independencia. Raging waters destroyed 300 homes in one section alone, forcing occupants to flee, and the number of homeless reached the "thousands." Governor Lázaro Cárdenas and Mayor Calles called upon all city and state facilities for relief efforts.


1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane, Impact, Texas and Mexico
Many people required evacuation by boat in what were described as "thrilling rescues." The effects of the storm prostrated electrical and communications lines as well as trees in the city. Nearer to the coast, strong winds severely damaged the famed Teatro Reforma, a theater dating to the Maximilian era of the 1860s, in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, where many homes were destroyed.


1933 Fordham Rams football team
The 1933 Fordham Rams football team was an American football team that represented Fordham University as an independent during the 1933 college football season. In its first year under head coach Jim Crowley, Fordham compiled a 6–2 record, shut out four of eight opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 195 to 40.


1933 Free City of Danzig parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Free City of Danzig on 28 May 1933. The Nazi Party emerged as the largest party, receiving 50% of the vote and winning 38 of the 72 seats in the Volkstag, the first time any party had won a majority of seats in the legislature. Voter turnout was 92%.


1933 Free City of Danzig parliamentary election
The elections were held under violent circumstances, with the Nazis attacking the electoral events of the opposition. The campaign was heavily influenced by the Great Depression as well as the Nazi seizure of power in Germany. After the victory, the Nazis enacted dictatorial measures that violated the constitution. The next election would be held under mass repression and fraud, making the 1933 election the last with a free choice.


1933 French Championships (tennis)
The 1933 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 25 May until 5 June. It was the 38th staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year. Jack Crawford and Margaret Scriven won the singles title.


1933 French Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Singles
Jack Crawford (AUS) defeated  Henri Cochet (FRA) 8–6, 6–1, 6–3