1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Background
Contrariwise, the rest of Middle and West Tennessee who had supported and driven the state's secession was equally fiercely Democratic as it associated the Republicans with Reconstruction. After the disfranchisement of the state's African-American population by a poll tax was largely complete in the 1890s, the Democratic Party was certain of winning statewide elections if united, although unlike the Deep South Republicans would almost always gain thirty to forty percent of the statewide vote from mountain and Highland Rim support. When the Democratic Party was bitterly divided, the Republicans did win the governorship in 1910 and 1912, but did not gain at other levels.


1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Background
The 1920 election saw a significant but not radical change, whereby by moving into a small number of traditionally Democratic areas in Middle Tennessee and expanding turnout due to the Nineteenth Amendment and powerful isolationist sentiment, the Republican Party was able to capture Tennessee's presidential electoral votes and win the governorship and take three congressional seats in addition to the rock-ribbed GOP First and Second Districts. In 1922 and 1924, with the ebbing of isolationist sympathy and a consequent decline in turnout, the Democratic Party regained Tennessee's governorship and presidential electoral votes.


1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Background, Scopes Trial and a Catholic Nominated by the Democrats
In 1925, Tennessee gained national prominence due to the "Scopes Monkey Trial" which aimed to outlaw the teaching of evolution in this powerfully fundamentalist Protestant state with a strong Ku Klux Klan, and a populace extremely hostile to the Catholic faith of most urban immigrants.


1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Background, Scopes Trial and a Catholic Nominated by the Democrats
However, with most other Democrats sitting the 1928 election out due to the prevailing prosperity, the nomination of Catholic New York Governor Al Smith was always a foregone conclusion from the beginning of the election campaign. Once Smith was nominated – despite his attempt to dispel fears by nominating "dry" Southern Democrat Joseph T. Robinson as his running mate – extreme fear ensued in the South, which had no experience of the Southern and Eastern European Catholic immigrants who were Smith's local constituency. Southern fundamentalist Protestants believed that Smith would allow papal and priestly leadership in the United States, which Protestantism was a reaction against.


1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Background, Scopes Trial and a Catholic Nominated by the Democrats
Nevertheless, fear that the Republicans would place the heavily black regions of West Tennessee under the influence of "Negro bossism" and possible abolition of lynching meant that whites in the far western region remained all along extremely loyal to Smith although in East Tennessee where many communities had become sundown towns or counties it was believed that Smith was unacceptable because the Catholic Church officially opposed social and political segregation of the races.


1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Vote
Early in the campaign, Tennessee was seen as a "puzzle" for political pundits, and the state was viewed as "doubtful". Smith made a major battleground of Tennessee in his October campaign after Republican nominee Herbert Hoover visited earlier in the month and was confident of carrying the Volunteer State, criticising Hoover's campaign as "vague".


1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Vote
By the beginning of November it was thought by pollsters that Smith would carry the state, but as it turned out the state's votes went quite clearly to Hoover, despite the powerful Democratic loyalty of whites in West Tennessee. Hoover benefitted from a substantial Republican trend in normally rock-ribbed Democratic but heavily white counties of Middle Tennessee.


1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Vote
Although Hoover managed to flip only Houston County – where he was the only Republican victor until Mitt Romney in 2012 – and heavily populated Davidson and "Little Confederacy" Sullivan Counties where he was the first Republican victor since Ulysses S. Grant in 1868, due to a powerful Prohibitionist anti-Catholic vote he gained very strongly compared to Coolidge's 1924 showing in many white counties that remained Democratic, and this added to the mountain and Highland Rim GOP vote ensured Hoover won the state.


1928 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Vote
This would be the best Republican performance in Tennessee between Grant's 36.85% 1868 landslide and Richard Nixon's carrying the state by 37.95% in 1972.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas
The 1928 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 6, 1928, as part of the 1928 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary forty-eight states. Voters chose 20 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Background
Ever since statehood, Texas had been very nearly the strongest state for the Democratic Party owing to its initial history being as a Deep South state based around slavery. Even during Reconstruction when African Americans were briefly enfranchised, the Republican Party won just one statewide election. By the time Texas participated in its first postbellum election in 1872, cracks were emerging in Republican Reconstruction plans, so that the Democratic "Redeemers" gained control of Southern legislatures by 1874.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Background
After "Redemption" and the passing of a new constitution in 1876 the GOP became confined largely to areas of abolitionist German "Forty-Eighter" settlement in the Hill Country, and to a few South Texas counties where local Republican bosses could outcompete their Democratic equivalents. The Terrell Election Law created a poll tax that, from 1902, disenfranchised the remaining African American voters, the vast majority of Mexican-Americans, and also most poor whites. Voter turnout among males over twenty-one fell from over eighty percent to under thirty percent following introduction of the poll tax.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Background
The period following this disfranchisement nonetheless saw a substantial amount of typically "Progressive" reform under Governors James Stephen Hogg and Thomas M. Campbell, and despite this progressive faction ceding power in 1906 to the conservatives, Texas proved solid in its support for Woodrow Wilson at the 1912 Democratic National Convention. In the meantime, Texas continued to vote solidly Democratic: between 1904 and 1924 no Republican nominee reached 24% of the statewide vote total.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Anti-Catholic fear
However, with all other prominent Democrats sitting the election out, the party nominated Al Smith, four-term Governor of New York as its nominee for 1928, with little opposition, despite disagreement among Texas Democrats like Governor Moody, plus "Pa" and "Ma" Ferguson. Smith had been the favorite for the 1924 nomination, but had lost due to opposition to his Catholic faith and "wet" views on Prohibition: he wished to repeal or modify the Volstead Act.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Anti-Catholic fear
Once Smith was nominated – despite his attempt to dispel fears by nominating "dry" Southern Democrat Joseph T. Robinson as his running mate – extreme fear ensued in the South, which mostly had little to no experience of the Catholic immigrants from southern and eastern Europe who were Smith's local constituency. Southern fundamentalist Protestants believed that Smith would allow papal and priestly leadership in the United States, which Protestantism was a reaction against. There was also much opposition to Smith's support for repealing Prohibition, most notably from minister J. Frank Norris, who became the centre of the anti-Smith campaign, saying that


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Anti-Catholic fear
Texas is the battleground for this, the most titanic struggle in the political, moral and religious life of the nation.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Anti-Catholic fear
We enter into a sacred covenant and solemn pledge that we will support for the office of President, or any other office, only such men as stand for our present order of prohibition.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Anti-Catholic fear
Smith's campaign managers responded to this criticism by saying that the "Hoovercrats" were "Republicans, Klansmen and Bolsheviks".


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Vote
Hoover won the Lone Star State by a narrow margin of 3.67 percent. His victory in the state made him the first Republican presidential candidate to carry Texas (Ironically, 4 years after achieving this historic feat, Hoover would go on to lose Texas by the largest margin of any major candidate in presidential history, losing every county and not even garnering 100,000 votes). He produced a swing of over 32 percent compared to the vote for Calvin Coolidge in 1924; however, there were huge variations.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Vote
The traditionally Republican Texas German counties of Comal and Guadalupe, along with the former 1920 Ferguson counties of Lee and Washington voted overwhelmingly for Smith in appreciation of his views on Prohibition: in Comal County, which had been Robert La Follette's strongest nationwide in 1924, the Democratic vote rose from 13 to 78%, thus supporting La Follette's family's endorsement of Smith after he died.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Vote
In contrast, numerous Baptist High Plains counties saw Hoover gain over fifty percent relative to Coolidge due to vehement opposition to Catholicism and repeal of Prohibition. Hoover was also helped by a powerful vote from the emerging middle class in Dallas–Fort Worth and Houston: his combined margin in Harris, Dallas and Tarrant Counties was slightly larger than his statewide plurality. East Texas, the earliest-settled region of the state with greatest white fear of the Republican Party's association with Reconstruction, and South Texas, which had similar fears of Mexican-American political power, remained normally loyal to Smith.


1928 United States presidential election in Texas, Vote
Texas wouldn't support another Republican presidential candidate until 1952 when native Texan Dwight D. Eisenhower carried the state. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Maverick County voted for a Republican presidential candidate.


1928 United States presidential election in Utah
The 1928 United States presidential election in Utah took place on November 6, 1928 as part of the 1928 United States presidential election. All contemporary forty-eight states took part, and state voters selected four voters to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1928 United States presidential election in Utah
Utah voted for Republican nominee Herbert Hoover, formerly Secretary of Commerce, over the Democratic nominee, four-time New York governor Al Smith. Mormon Utah was much less affected by anti-Catholic passion against Smith and his faith than either the Protestant Upper South or the secular Pacific Northwest: indeed the LDS hierarchy endorsed Smith when he won the Democratic nomination. In fact, in the days before the election it was thought by pollsters that Smith would carry the state, although neither Cox nor Davis nor La Follette had won a single county during the previous two elections. However, late swings gave the state to Hoover by a margin whose size increased in late counting.


1928 United States presidential election in Utah
Nonetheless, the LDS endorsement did cause Utah to prove Smith's eleventh-strongest state – and his strongest outside the urban Northeast or the "Solid South" – voting 9.70 percent more Democratic than the nation at-large. Smith divided the sizable 1924 La Follette vote with Hoover, and carried the ethnically diverse mining-based Carbon County by fourteen, and also won a five-point majority in Juab County in the state's west for the first Republican losses in any Utah county since 1916 when anti-war sentiment shifted the state to Woodrow Wilson.


1928 United States presidential election in Vermont
The 1928 United States presidential election in Vermont took place on November 6, 1928, as part of the 1928 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1928 United States presidential election in Vermont
Vermont voted for the Republican nominee, Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover of California, over the Democratic nominee, Governor Alfred E. Smith of New York. Hoover's running mate was Senate Majority Leader Charles Curtis of Kansas, while Smith ran with Senator Joseph Taylor Robinson of Arkansas.


1928 United States presidential election in Vermont
Hoover took 66.87% of the vote, to Smith's 32.87%, a margin of 34%.


1928 United States presidential election in Vermont
Vermont historically was a bastion of liberal Northeastern Republicanism, and by 1928 the Green Mountain State had gone Republican in every presidential election since the founding of the Republican Party. From 1856 to 1924, Vermont had had the longest streak of voting Republican of any state, having never voted Democratic before, and this tradition continued amidst a third consecutive nationwide Republican landslide in 1928.


1928 United States presidential election in Vermont
While Hoover won the state in a decisive landslide, Smith's performance nevertheless represented a dramatic Democratic improvement in the state. In 1924, Vermont had been the most Republican state in the union, with Republican Calvin Coolidge winning 78.22% to only 15.67% for Democrat John W. Davis, a massive margin of 62.55%. Vermont, like New England and the Northeast as a whole, swung strongly toward the Democrats in 1928, even as Hoover won another decisive Republican victory nationally. Thus in the 1928 election, Vermont fell to being only the fifth most Republican state in the nation after Kansas, Michigan, Maine and Washington, about 16% more Republican than the national average.


1928 United States presidential election in Vermont
Hoover carried thirteen of the state's fourteen counties, many by large margins. However, the three northwestern counties of Vermont would by 1932 become staunch Democratic enclaves in an otherwise Republican state, and in 1928 movement toward the Democratic Party in this region would first manifest itself, as Smith won over the votes of urban and ethnic Catholic working class voters. In 1928, Smith became the first Democrat to win Chittenden County, the state's most populous county, home to the state's largest city, Burlington. Just four years earlier, in 1924, Republican Calvin Coolidge had received over 70% of the vote in the county. The county would remain under control of the Democrats in presidential elections until Dwight D. Eisenhower won it in 1952.


1928 United States presidential election in Virginia
The 1928 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 6, 1928. Voters chose 12 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1928 United States presidential election in Virginia
Virginia voted for the Republican nominee, former United States Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover, over the Democratic nominee, New York Governor Al Smith. Hoover ultimately carried the state with 53.91% of the vote. This was only the second election that Virginia had voted for a Republican candidate. The first was in 1872 during the Reconstruction era.


1928 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
The 1928 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 6, 1928 as part of the 1928 United States presidential election. Washington's voters selected seven voters to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1928 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
With the economy growing very rapidly, and the scandals of the earlier decade such as the Teapot Dome scandal essentially removed from the public's mind at the time, the Republican Party was at the peak of its power.


1928 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
Incumbent President Calvin Coolidge could not be persuaded to run for a second full term, but to compensate for this the Democratic Party – with many prominent members like Franklin Delano Roosevelt and William Gibbs McAdoo refusing to run because they believed the party had no hope of winning – nominated Al Smith, a devout Catholic, anti-Prohibition, and associated with the corrupt Tammany Hall political machine of his native New York.


1928 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
The powerful anti-Catholicism of the Pacific Northwest, which was largely settled by Scandinavians, meant that the large progressive third-party vote for Parley Christensen and Robert La Follette from the previous two elections was mainly turned over to Hoover, although La Follette when he died in 1925 had endorsed Smith. Minus significant third-party candidates Smith did triple the Democratic vote from the exceptionally low level of 1924, but Hoover increased the Republican proportion by fifteen percent – half the La Follette vote – as Smith could not carry the strongly unionized and socially progressive counties west of the Cascades.


1928 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
Consequently, Hoover was able to carry Washington by 36 percentage points in the first two-party contest in three elections. With 67.06% of the popular vote, Washington would prove to be Hoover's fourth strongest state after Kansas, Michigan and Maine. Only in 1904 has Washington State been so Republican relative to the nation as a whole, and then there was a sizable Socialist vote (though less powerful than the third-party votes of 1920 and 1924) for Eugene Debs. Smith did nonetheless carry Ferry County, the first time since 1916 the Democratic Party had won any county in Washington – and indeed along with five counties in California the first Democratic wins since that election in any county within the three Pacific States of Washington, Oregon and California.


1928 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
Until Donald Trump in 2016, Hoover was the last Republican to capture heavily unionized Grays Harbor County, which he did by a large 34 percent margin. Hoover also won adjacent Pacific County by 36 percent, whereas only Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952 managed to subsequently win Pacific County for the GOP until Trump in 2016. Kitsap, Snohomish and Wahkiakum Counties would not vote Republican again until 1972.


1928 United States presidential election in West Virginia
The 1928 United States presidential election in West Virginia took place on November 6, 1928, as part of the 1928 United States Presidential Election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose eight representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1928 United States presidential election in West Virginia
West Virginia voted for the Republican nominee, Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover of California, over the Democratic nominee, Governor Alfred E. Smith of New York. Hoover's running mate was Senate Majority Leader Charles Curtis of Kansas, while Smith ran with Senator Joseph Taylor Robinson of Arkansas.


1928 United States presidential election in West Virginia
Hoover won the state by a margin of 17.39%. This was the last time that a non-incumbent Republican won West Virginia until 2000, and the last time that any Republican won Logan County until 2008.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
The 1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on November 6, 1928 as part of the 1928 United States presidential election. State voters chose 13 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
Wisconsin had since the decline of the Populist movement been substantially a one-party state dominated by the Republican Party. The Democratic Party became entirely uncompetitive outside certain German Catholic counties adjoining Lake Michigan as the upper classes, along with the majority of workers who followed them, completely fled from William Jennings Bryan's agrarian and free silver sympathies. As Democratic strength weakened severely after 1894 – although the state did develop a strong Socialist Party to provide opposition to the GOP – Wisconsin developed the direct Republican primary in 1903 and this ultimately created competition between the "League" under Robert M. La Follette, and the conservative "Regular" faction.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
The beginning of the 1910s would see a minor Democratic revival as many La Follette progressives endorsed Woodrow Wilson, but this flirtation would not be long-lasting as Wilson's "Anglophile" foreign policies were severely opposed by Wisconsin's largely German- and Scandinavian-American populace.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
Subsequent federal elections saw the Midwest desert the Democratic Party even more completely due to supposed preferential treatment of Southern farmers, and in 1920 Wisconsin's status as a one-party Republican state was solidified as James M. Cox won less than a sixth of the state's presidential vote and Democrats claimed only four state legislative seats, all but one of which would be lost in 1922. Conservative Southern Democrat John W. Davis would do even worse, winning less than one-twelfth of Wisconsin's 1924 presidential vote, and there would never be more than two Democrats in the state legislature between 1922 and 1928.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
Nonetheless, in that 1924 election Wisconsin's popular long-time Republican Senator La Follette would via prevalent isolationist and progressive sentiment carry the state's electoral votes, and when La Follette died the following year his family did not endorse a Republican, but rather New York City Catholic Democrat Al Smith.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background
The nomination of Smith – inevitable with other Democrats sitting the election out – had the effect of aligning the Democrats towards Wisconsin's sizeable Southern and Eastern European immigrant population, and Smith's Wall Street connections helped reconnect the isolationist, conservative German Catholic areas of eastern Wisconsin who had completely deserted the Democrats over opposition to Wilson's foreign policies.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Vote
When Senator John J. Blaine endorsed Smith in late September, it became clear that La Follette's endorsement of him had been shared by other prominent Progressives, despite his son urging that sides not be taken. Polls in October, after both candidates had campaigned in the state, viewed Wisconsin as close but leaning toward Smith. However, when the polls closed, it became clear Hoover was showing greater strength than expected even in the pro-Catholic eastern region, and when returns from Milwaukee came in later Smith did not receive the projected two-to-one majority.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Vote
Hoover thus carried Wisconsin by a conformable 9.24 percentage point margin, a remarkable transformation from 1920 when the state had been Cox's weakest and Harding won by over 55 percentage points. Smith recouped the Third Party System Democratic counties: in entirely Catholic Marshfield Township which typically gave pre-1916 Democrats over ninety percent but gave Cox only 4 percent, Smith won all but two percent. Hoover's ability to take the La Follette vote in anti-Catholic Scandinavian areas of western Wisconsin was critical in winning him the state.


1928 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Vote
As of 2020, this is the last election in which Douglas County voted for a Republican presidential candidate.


1928 United States presidential election in Wyoming
The 1928 United States presidential election in Wyoming took place on November 6, 1928, as part of the 1928 United States presidential election. State voters chose three representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1928 United States presidential election in Wyoming
Wyoming was won by United States Secretary of Commerce and mining engineer Herbert Hoover (R–California), running with Senator Charles Curtis, with 63.68 percent of the popular vote, against the 42nd Governor of New York Al Smith (D–New York), running with Arkansas Senator and former Governor Joseph Robinson, with 35.37 percent. Hoover won all but one of the state's twenty-three counties, but Smith's victory in Sweetwater County – which had defied the 1924 GOP landslide by voting for Robert La Follette– would with the aid of extensive unionization create a run of Democratic wins in that county extending to 1968.


1928 Uruguayan Primera División
The Uruguayan Championship 1928 was the 26th season of Uruguay's top-flight football league.


1928 Uruguayan Primera División, Overview
The tournament consisted of a two-wheel championship of all against all. It involved sixteen teams, and the champion was Peñarol.


1928 Uruguayan general election
General elections were held in Uruguay on 25 November 1928. The various factions of the Colorado Party received the most votes in the elections for the National Administration Council, whilst the National Party and its sister party the Radical White Party won the most seats in the Chamber of Deputies.


1928 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1928 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team was an American football team that represented Utah Agricultural College in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1928 college football season. In their 10th season under head coach Dick Romney, the Aggies compiled a 5–3–1 record (4–2–1 against RMC opponents), finished fourth in the conference, and outscored opponents by a total of 182 to 87.


1928 Utah Utes football team
The 1928 Utah Utes football team represented the University of Utah during the 1928 college football season. Utah won the first of six consecutive Rocky Mountain Conference championships in 1928. Utah also started several streaks; over the next few years, Utah went on to win 26 straight conference games, win 16 straight games, and go 24 straight games without a loss (only ties).


1928 Utah gubernatorial election
The 1928 Utah gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1928. Incumbent Democrat George Dern defeated Republican nominee William Henry Wattis with 58.50% of the vote.


1928 VFA season
The 1928 Victorian Football Association season was the 50th season of the Australian rules football competition. The premiership was won by the Coburg Football Club, after it defeated Port Melbourne by seven points in the final on 8 September. It was the club's third VFA premiership, achieved in only its fourth season of senior competition, and was the third in a sequence of three premierships won consecutively from 1926 until 1928.


1928 VFA season, Association membership
After six seasons with limited on-field success, Geelong's supporter base had become very low, and its gate takings were unable to cover both running costs and the travel expenses of visiting teams. As such, the Association excluded Geelong from its senior ranks after the 1927 season, and sought applications from Melbourne-based replacements.


1928 VFA season, Association membership
The Association elected to admit the Yarraville Football Club from the Victorian Junior Football Association into its senior ranks. Yarraville had been a leading junior club was located in a strong industrial area, and was expected to attract former fans of the nearby Footscray Football Club who had rejected the club after it joined the League in 1925. After being admitted, but prior to the season, Yarraville amalgamated with neighbouring club Kingsville, which was also a leading club in the V.J.F.A – Kingsville had beaten Yarraville in the 1927 V.J.F.A. section Grand Final.


1928 VFA season, Association membership
The other application to be seriously considered was from the Sandringham Council, which intended to establish a new senior club in its suburb, which was experiencing strong population growth at the time; but its attempts to join were ultimately hampered by the lack of a suitable home venue, after it was refused permission to fence the Beach Oval. The Kew Football Club from the V.J.F.A. was also considered.


1928 VFA season, Association membership
The Victorian Junior Football Association, which had been affiliated with the V.F.A. since 1924, was reduced in size to ten teams, each of which was affiliated with a V.F.A. senior club and served as its second eighteen – and therefore effectively served for the first time as a dedicated Association seconds competition. It retained the V.J.F.A. name until 1932, when it formally became the V.F.A. second eighteens.


1928 VFA season, Association membership
After having used the Motordrome for the previous three years, the Association staged each of its finals on different neutral Association ground.


1928 VFA season, Premiership
The home-and-home season was played over eighteen rounds, with each club playing the others twice; then, the top four clubs contested a finals series under the amended Argus system to determine the premiers for the season.


1928 VFL Grand Final
The 1928 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and Richmond Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 29 September 1928. It was the 32nd annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1928 VFL season. The match, attended by 50,026 spectators, was won by Collingwood by a margin of 33 points, marking that club's seventh premiership victory and second in succession.


1928 VFL Grand Final, Background
Despite winning the 1927 flag, the 1928 season held significant hurdles for the Magpies to overcome – contentious pay cuts, a threatened player's strike, allegations of bribery against two team members and a long injury list contributed to a late-season slump. Still, they managed to top the ladder by the end of the season, winning 15 of 18 home-and-away games.


1928 VFL Grand Final, Background
In contrast, Richmond was in excellent shape at the end of the home-and-away season. The side finished second on the ladder, and defeated Carlton by 53 points in the First Semi-Final. Collingwood and Melbourne contested a draw in the Second Semi-Final, forcing a replay the following week which was won by Collingwood by four points. As such, Richmond had a three-week break between its Semi-Final and the Grand Final.


1928 VFL Grand Final, Background, Right to challenge
This season was played under the amended Argus system. If Richmond had won this match, Collingwood would have had the right to challenge Richmond to a rematch for the premiership on the following weekend, because Collingwood was the minor premier. The winner of that match would then have won the premiership.


1928 VFL Grand Final, Match summary
Collingwood saw Richmond as a skillful, confident team, but also vulnerable to being distracted as well. They set out to taunt the Tigers with name-calling and other verbal challenges while maintaining the ball as their first objective.


1928 VFL Grand Final, Match summary
The first quarter was a scramble, and the defenses of both sides held. Collingwood used all six of their followers in the ruck for the first half, saving Percy Rowe for the second half. A blistering 10 minutes in the 2nd quarter saw Collingwood seize control of the match to lead by 21 points at half time, with Gordon Coventry kicking 4 goals for the quarter. Rowe repeatedly absorbed the pressure from Richmond's backs to provide protection for Coventry run to the ball.


1928 VFL Grand Final, Match summary
Despite the Tigers reducing their opponent's lead to 16 points at 3-quarter time, the Magpies banged on 2 quick goals early in the final quarter to effectively seal the game. Collingwood won by 33 points, and Coventry finished with 9 goals, a Grand Final record that stood for 61 years, until equaled by Gary Ablett in the 1989 VFL Grand Final.


1928 VFL season
The 1928 Victorian Football League season was the 32nd season of the elite Australian rules football competition.


1928 VFL season, Premiership season
In 1928, the VFL competition consisted of twelve teams of 18 on-the-field players each, with no "reserves", although any of the 18 players who had left the playing field for any reason could later resume their place on the field at any time during the match.


1928 VFL season, Premiership season
Teams played each other in a home-and-away season of 18 rounds; matches 12 to 18 were the "home-and-way reverse" of matches 1 to 7.


1928 VFL season, Premiership season
Once the 18 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1928 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the amended "Argus system".


1928 VFL season, Finals
All of the 1928 finals were played at the MCG so the home team in the Semi Finals and Preliminary Final is purely the higher ranked team from the ladder but in the Grand Final the home team was the team that won the Preliminary Final.


1928 VFL season, Grand final
Collingwood defeated Richmond 13.18 (96) to 9.9 (63), in front of a crowd of 50,026 people. (For an explanation of scoring see Australian rules football).


1928 VPI Gobblers football team
The 1928 VPI Gobblers football team represented Virginia Polytechnic Institute in the 1928 Southern Conference football season. The team was led by their head coach Andy Gustafson and finished with a record of seven wins and two losses (7–2). This was the senior season for the "Pony Express" backfield which included Frank Peake, Herbert McEver, Scotty MacArthur, and Tommy Tomko.


1928 VPI Gobblers football team, Players
The following players were members of the 1928 football team according to the roster published in the 1929 edition of The Bugle, the Virginia Tech yearbook.


1928 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
The 1928 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University in the 1928 college football season. The 1928 season was Dan McGugin's 24th year as head coach.


1928 Vermont Catamounts football team
The 1928 Vermont Catamounts football team was an American football team that represented  the University of Vermont as an independent during the 1928 college football season. In their first year under head coach William V. Rattan, the team compiled a 1–7–2 record.


1928 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 1928 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 1928. Incumbent Republican John E. Weeks ran successfully for re-election to a second term as Governor of Vermont, defeating Democratic candidate Harry C. Shurtleff. Weeks, who sought an exception to the Vermont Republican Party's "Mountain Rule", was the first Vermont Governor elected to a second two-year term.


1928 Victorian Legislative Council election
Elections were held in the Australian state of Victoria on Saturday 2 June 1928 to elect 17 of the 34 members of the state's Legislative Council. MLCs were elected using preferential voting.


1928 Victorian Legislative Council election, Results, Legislative Council
Victorian Legislative Council election, 2 June 1928Legislative Council << 1925–1931 >>


1928 Victorian Legislative Council election, Retiring Members
Note: Joseph Sternberg MLC (Nationalist, Bendigo) had resigned some months prior to the election, but no by-election had been held.


1928 Victorian Legislative Council election, Candidates
Sitting members are shown in bold text. Successful candidates are highlighted in the relevant colour. Where there is possible confusion, an asterisk (*) is also used.


1928 Villanova Wildcats football team
The 1928 Villanova Wildcats football team represented the Villanova University during the 1928 college football season. The head coach was Harry Stuhldreher, coaching his fourth season with the Wildcats. The team played their home games at Villanova Stadium in Villanova, Pennsylvania.


1928 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 1928 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the Virginia Cavaliers of the University of Virginia during the 1928 college football season.


1928 Virginia state highway renumbering
In August 1928, the U.S. state of Virginia renumbered many of its state highways. This renumbering was caused by a new law that greatly increased the state highway mileage. The old system, in which three-digit routes were spurs of two-digit routes, was unwieldy for a large number of routes, and so a new system, in which three-digit routes were assigned by district, was adopted.


1928 Volta a Catalunya
The 1928 Volta a Catalunya was the tenth edition of the Volta a Catalunya cycle race and was held from 8 September to 16 September 1928. The race started and finished in Barcelona. The race was won by Mariano Cañardo.


1928 WAFL season
The 1928 WAFL season was the 44th season of the West Australian Football League. The most notable event of the season occurred off the field on Monday, 11 June, when champion East Perth coach Phil Matson was killed in a truck crash at Nedlands after being thrown into a telegraph post. The Royals under the coaching of Paddy Hebbard did manage to reach a challenge final against minor premiers East Fremantle, but were beaten and suffered an abrupt fall to a clear last the following season.


1928 WAFL season
Old Easts, who were given consecutive byes in the second half of July to permit a tour of Tasmania and Victoria, were fourth upon returning to Perth but claimed top place two weeks later and after four losses to the Royals, beat them in the challenge final for the first of their second series of four successive premierships.


1928 WAFL season
Fledgling club Claremont-Cottesloe (at this stage frequently called "the combine") failed to move from the bottom in its third season but nonetheless improved greatly from one win to five, in the process discovering their first great players in George Moloney and Keith Hough. A prelude to the future for the Tigers and indeed the entire WAFL was the first Aboriginal player in the league, Maley Hayward from Tambellup, who played with his two brothers for South Fremantle as late as 1937.


1928 WAFL season, Home-and-Away season, Round 3
During the last quarter, umpire Collins takes the rare step of temporarily suspending the Perth versus Claremont-Cottesloe game to cool tempers after numerous fights.


1928 WAFL season, Home-and-Away season, Round 5
An extremely windy afternoon sees East Perth inflict a second defeat on Old Easts, whilst Subiaco moves to second by kicking three goals into a gale against Perth.


1928 WAFL season, Home-and-Away season, Round 7 (Foundation Day)
George Moloney, with eight goals, stamps himself as a future star as Claremont-Cottesloe take three days to double their League win tally of their initial two seasons.


1928 WAFL season, Home-and-Away season, Round 8
A brilliant third quarter where they kicked 7.3 (45) to a behind allowed East Fremantle to weaken Subiaco's position at the top.


1928 WAFL season, Home-and-Away season, Round 11
With the start of an exceptionally wet period that sees Perth record 613.5 millimetres (24.15 in) in two months, West Perth adapt better and despite being two games out are considered a strong chance for the final four.


1928 WAFL season, Home-and-Away season, Round 13
South Fremantle's win with twelve fewer scoring shots established a WAFL record unbroken until 2008 when Peel beat East Fremantle with fourteen fewer shots.


1928 WAFL season, Home-and-Away season, Round 19
South Fremantle move to the top in a thrilling local derby despite kicking only 1.4 (10) in the second half, but their second half fadeout proved ominous for the finals.


1928 WAFL season, Home-and-Away season, Round 21
West Perth, appearing exhausted after striving for the four during the past five round, produce a feeble display, scoring only 1.3 (9) after the first ten minutes.


1928 WAFL season, Finals, First semi-final
In an exceedingly vicious game in wet weather, East Perth produce a brilliant display to kick 19.18 (132) in the last three quarters. Campbell kicks eight goals and Owens five for the Royals.


1928 WAFL season, Finals, Second semi-final
In complete contrast to the previous week, this is a clean game where East Fremantle are always well ahead and a late Maroon rally does not threaten them.


1928 WAFL season, Finals, Final
East Perth record their fourth win over Old Easts after Bee runs on after taking a mark and the bell rings.


1928 WAFL season, Finals, Grand Final
East Fremantle begin a sequence of four premierships with a brilliant second quarter into a strong breeze.


1928 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team
The 1928 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team was an American football team that represented Wake Forest University during the 1928 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Stan Cofall, the team compiled a 2–6–2 record.


1928 Walker Cup
The 1928 Walker Cup, the 5th Walker Cup Match, was played on August 30 and 31, 1928, at Chicago Golf Club, Wheaton, Illinois. The United States won by 11 matches to 1.


1928 Walker Cup, Format
Four 36-hole matches of foursomes were played on Thursday and eight singles matches on Friday. Each of the 12 matches was worth one point in the larger team competition. If a match was all square after the 36th hole extra holes were not played. The team with most points won the competition. If the two teams were tied, the previous winner would retain the trophy.


1928 Walker Cup, Teams
The United States picked their team of 8 in late-April. Great Britain and Ireland selected a team of 10 in mid-June. This team included Cyril Tolley but he withdrew at the end of the month and was replaced by Noel Martin. At his time Tolley had become involved in a libel action against J. S. Fry & Sons of Bristol, chocolate manufacturers who had produced an advert in which Tolley was caricatured.


1928 Waratahs tour of New Zealand
The 1928 Waratahs tour of New Zealand was a collection of rugby union games undertaken by the New South Wales Teams against invitational and national teams of New Zealand.


1928 Waratahs tour of New Zealand
The Queensland Rugby Union had collapsed in 1919 and would not be reborn until 1929 leaving the New South Wales Rugby Union to administer the game in Australia at the national representative level. In 1928 the New South Wales side toured New Zealand three years after the previous tour over the Tasman Sea and only few mount after the tour of the British Isles, France and Canada.


1928 Waratahs tour of New Zealand, Matches
Scores and results list New South Wales' points tally first.


1928 Washington & Jefferson Presidents football team
The 1928 Washington & Jefferson Presidents football team was an American football team that represented Washington & Jefferson College as an independent during the 1928 college football season. The team compiled a 2–5–2 record and was outscored by a total of 117 to 67. Andrew Kerr was the head coach.


1928 Washington Huskies football team
The 1928 Washington Huskies football team was an American football team that represented the University of Washington during the 1928 college football season. In its eighth season under head coach Enoch Bagshaw, the team compiled a 7–4 record, finished in eighth place in the Pacific Coast Conference, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 188 to 74. Clarence Dicks was the team captain.


1928 Washington Senators season
The 1928 Washington Senators won 75 games, lost 79, and finished in fourth place in the American League. They were managed by Bucky Harris and played home games at Griffith Stadium.


1928 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1928 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1928 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Washington State Cougars football team
The 1928 Washington State Cougars football team was an American football team that represented Washington State College during the 1928 college football season. Head coach Babe Hollingbery led the team to a 4–3 mark in the PCC and 7–3 overall.


1928 Washington and Lee Generals football team
The 1928 Washington and Lee Generals football team represented Washington and Lee University during the 1928 college football season.


1928 Washington gubernatorial election
The 1928 Washington gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1928. Incumbent Republican Roland H. Hartley defeated Democratic nominee A. Scott Bullitt with 56.22% of the vote.


1928 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1928 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 28th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.


1928 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
Erin's Own won the championship after a 5-06 to 2-00 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1928 Welsh Cup Final
The 1928 Welsh Cup Final, the 47th in the competition, was contested by Bangor and Cardiff City at Farrar Road Stadium, Bangor. Cardiff won 2–0.


1928 Welsh Cup Final, Route to the final, Bangor City
Bangor City started their campaign away to Flint Town. After a 1–1 draw, Bangor replayed them at Farrar Road Stadium, where Bangor won 4–1.


1928 Welsh Cup Final, Route to the final, Bangor City
In two more home games in the Fourth and Fifth rounds, Bangor saw off both Buckley and Connah's Quay by 3–0.


1928 Welsh Cup Final, Route to the final, Bangor City
For the Sixth round, Bangor travelled south to former Football League and Southern League team Aberdare Athletic. After a 1–1 draw Aberdare lost 7–3 at Farrar Road.


1928 Welsh Cup Final, Route to the final, Bangor City
In the Semi-final, Bangor faced Football League Division Three South members Merthyr Town at Colwyn Bay. A 2–2 meant a replay at Oswestry where Bangor progressed to the final after a 2–0 win.


1928 Weltklasse Zürich
The 1928 Weltklasse Zürich (Original: Internationales Leichtathletik-Meeting in Zürich) was an outdoor track and field meeting in Zürich, Switzerland.


1928 West Tennessee State Teachers football team
The 1928 West Tennessee State Teachers football team was an American football team that represented West Tennessee State Teachers College (now known as the University of Memphis) as a member of the Mississippi Valley Conference during the 1928 college football season. In their fifth season under head coach Zach Curlin, West Tennessee State Teachers compiled a 5–3–2 record.


1928 West Virginia Mountaineers football team
The 1928 West Virginia Mountaineers football team was an American football team that represented West Virginia University as an independent during the 1928 college football season. In its fourth season under head coach Ira Rodgers, the team compiled an 8–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 152 to 38. The team played its home games at Mountaineer Field in Morgantown, West Virginia. Clarence Keefer was the team captain.


1928 West Virginia gubernatorial election
The 1928 West Virginia gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 1928, to elect the governor of West Virginia.


1928 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football team
The 1928 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football team represented Western Kentucky State Normal School and Teachers College in the 1928 college football season. They were coached by legendary basketball coach Edgar Diddle in his last season as football coach. This team defeated all other Kentucky teams on its schedule and claimed to be state champions. Turner Elrod, Paul Taylor, and Lynn Williams were named to the All Kentucky Team.


1928 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football team, Schedule
September 29, at Centre Won 12-0 October 6, Rhodes College Won 18-0 October 13, Bethel (TN) Won 39-0 October 20, at Middle Tennessee State TeachersWon 19-0 October 27, Georgetown (KY) Won 19-0 Homecoming November 3, Louisville Won 20-0 November 10, Kentucky Wesleyan Won 13-0 November 16, at Union (TN) Lost  6-7 November 24, Cumberland (KY) Won 25-0 Italic SIAA game


1928 Western State Hilltoppers football team
The 1928 Western State Hilltoppers football team represented Western State Normal School (later renamed Western Michigan University) as an independent during the 1928 college football season. In their fifth and final season under head coach Earl Martineau, the Hilltoppers compiled a 5–2 record and outscored their opponents, 119 to 32. Center Dick Frankowski was the team captain.


1928 Western State Hilltoppers football team
Coach Martineau left Western State after the 1928 season to accept an assistant coaching position at Purdue. In five years at Western State, Martineau compile a 26–10–2 record.


1928 Wide Bay by-election
A by-election for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Wide Bay was triggered by the death, on 31 July 1928, of Nationalist MP Edward Corser. However, by the close of nominations on 3 September only one candidate had nominated: Corser's son Bernard, who had the endorsement of the Nationalists' coalition partner the Country Party. Corser was thus declared elected unopposed. This is the only by-election at which a change of party status has not been contested.


1928 Wightman Cup
The 1928 Wightman Cup was the sixth edition of the annual women's team tennis competition between the United States and Great Britain. It was held at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in London, England.


1928 Wiley Wildcats football team
The 1928 Wiley Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented Wiley College in the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1928 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Fred T. Long, the team compiled a 9–0–1 record, won the SWAC championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 282 to 28. Wiley and Bluefield Institute were recognized by the Pittsburgh Courier as the black college national co-champions.


1928 William & Mary Indians football team
The 1928 William & Mary Indians football team represented the College of William & Mary as a member of the Virginia Conference during the 1928 college football season.


1928 Wimbledon Championships
The 1928 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament was held from Monday 25 June until Saturday 7 July 1928. It was the 48th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the third Grand Slam tennis event of 1928. René Lacoste and Helen Wills won the singles titles.


1928 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Men's Doubles
Jacques Brugnon /  Henri Cochet defeated  John Hawkes /  Gerald Patterson, 13–11, 6–4, 6–4


1928 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Women's Doubles
Peggy Saunders /  Phoebe Watson defeated  Eileen Bennett /  Ermyntrude Harvey, 6–2, 6–3


1928 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Mixed Doubles
Pat Spence /  Elizabeth Ryan defeated  Jack Crawford /  Daphne Akhurst, 7–5, 6–4


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles
Frank Hunter and Bill Tilden were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Jack Hawkes and Gerald Patterson.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles
Jacques Brugnon and Henri Cochet defeated Hawkes and Patterson in the final, 13–11, 6–4, 6–4 to win the Gentlemen' Doubles tennis title at the 1928 Wimbledon Championship.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles
René Lacoste defeated the defending champion Henri Cochet 6–1, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 in the final to win the Gentlemen's Singles tennis title at the 1928 Wimbledon Championships.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles
Frank Hunter and Elizabeth Ryan were the defending champions, but decided not to play together. Hunter partnered with Helen Wills, but lost in the semifinals to Ryan and her partner Pat Spence.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles
Spence and Ryan defeated Jack Crawford and Daphne Akhurst in the final, 7–5, 6–4 to win the Mixed Doubles tennis title at the 1928 Wimbledon Championships.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles
Elizabeth Ryan and Helen Wills were the defending champions, but Wills did not participate. Ryan partnered with Joan Lycett, but lost in the semifinals to Peggy Saunders and Phoebe Watson.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles
Watson and Saunders defeated Eileen Bennett and Ermyntrude Harvey in the final, 6–2, 6–3 to win the Ladies' Doubles tennis title at the 1928 Wimbledon Championships.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles
Helen Wills successfully defended her title, defeating Lilí de Álvarez in the final, 6–2, 6–3 to win the Ladies' Singles tennis title at the 1928 Wimbledon Championships.


1928 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles, Seeds
Click on the seed number of a player to go to their draw section.


1928 Winter Olympics
The 1928 Winter Olympics, officially known as the II Olympic Winter Games (French: IIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver; German: II. Olympische Winterspiele; Italian: II Giochi olimpici invernali; Romansh: II Gieus olimpics d'enviern) and commonly known as St. Moritz 1928 (French: Saint-Moritz 1928; Romansh: San Murezzan 1928), was an international winter multi-sport event that was celebrated from 11 to 19 February 1928 in St. Moritz, Switzerland.


1928 Winter Olympics
The 1928 Games were the first true Winter Olympics to be held as a stand-alone event, not in conjunction with a Summer Olympics. The preceding 1924 Winter Games were retroactively renamed the inaugural Winter Olympics, although they had in fact been organised alongside the 1924 Summer Olympics in France. Before 1924, the winter events were included in the schedule of the Summer Games and there were no separate Winter Games. The 1928 Winter Games also replaced the now redundant Nordic Games, which had been held at varying intervals since early in the 20th century.


1928 Winter Olympics
The hosts were challenged by fluctuating weather conditions; the opening ceremony was held in a blizzard, while warm weather conditions plagued sporting events throughout the rest of the Games. The 10,000 metre speed-skating event was controversially abandoned and officially cancelled. Filmed footage of the games exists in a silent, feature-length documentary, The White Stadium.


1928 Winter Olympics, Events
Medals were awarded in 14 events contested in 4 sports (8 disciplines).


1928 Winter Olympics, Participating nations
Athletes from 25 nations competed at these Games, up from 16 in 1924. Nations making their first appearance at the Winter Olympic Games were Argentina (first participation of a delegation coming from a country belonging to the Southern Hemisphere), Estonia, Germany, Japan, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Romania.


1928 Winter Olympics medal table
The 1928 Winter Olympics medal table is a list of National Olympic Committee's nations ranked by the number of medals won during the 1928 Winter Olympics, held in St. Moritz, Switzerland from February 11 to February 19, 1928. A total of 464 athletes from 25 countries participated in these Games, competing in 14 events in 6 disciplines.


1928 Winter Olympics medal table
Two gold medals, no silver medals and three bronze medals were awarded in the men's 500 metres speed skating event as a result of a two-way tie for first place and three-way tie for third place.


1928 Winter Olympics medal table, Medal table
The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a nation is an entity represented by a National Olympic Committee). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically.


1928 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The 1928 Wisconsin Badgers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Wisconsin in the 1928 Big Ten Conference football season. The team compiled a 7–1–1 record (3–1–1 against conference opponents), finished in second place in the Big Ten Conference, outscored all opponents by a combined total of 163 to 38, and was ranked No. 4 under the Dickinson System. Glenn Thistlethwaite was in his second year as Wisconsin's head coach.


1928 Wisconsin Badgers football team
Quarterback Francis "Bo" Cuisinier was selected as the team's most valuable player. Guard Rube Wagner was the team captain. Wagner was also selected by the Associated Press (AP), United Press, and Walter Eckersall as a first-team player on the 1928 All-Big Ten Conference football team. Cuisinier was selected by the AP and Eckersall as a second-team All-Big Ten player.


1928 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The team played its home games at Camp Randall Stadium, which had a capacity of 38,293. During the 1928 season, the average attendance at home games was 29,334.


1928 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1928 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1928.


1928 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
Incumbent Republican Governor Fred R. Zimmerman was defeated in the Republican primary.


1928 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
Republican nominee Walter J. Kohler Sr. defeated Democratic nominee Albert G. Schmedeman with 55.38% of the vote.


1928 Wisła Kraków season
The 1928 season was Wisła Kraków's 20th year as a club.


1928 Wollondilly state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Wollondilly on 3 March 1928 because of the resignation of Sir George Fuller (Nationalist) who had accepted the position of Agent-General in London.


1928 Women's British Open Squash Championship
The 1928 Ladies Open Championships was held at the Queen's Club, West Kensington in London from 24–29 January 1928. Joyce Cave won her third title defeating Cecily Fenwick in the final. The championship was switched to a straight knockout format replacing the group format previously used. Joyce Cave returned after missing the two previous tournaments but Nancy Cave could not compete due to illness. Joyce Cave was still unable to compete due to a wrist injury.


1928 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.


1928 World Figure Skating Championships
Men's competitions took place from February 25 to 26 in Berlin, Germany. Ladies' and pairs' competitions took place from March 5 to 6 in London, United Kingdom.


1928 World Series
In the 1928 World Series, the New York Yankees swept the St. Louis Cardinals in four games. This was the first time a team had swept consecutive Series.


1928 World Series
Babe Ruth hit .625 (10 for 16) as the Yankees outscored their opponents by a combined score of 27–10. As he had done against the Cards in the 1926 Series, Ruth hit three home runs over the right field pavilion in Sportsman's Park in Game 4, the only player to do it in two different World Series through the 2016 season. Unlike 1926, however, it occurred in the final game of a Series won by the Yanks and finished off their two consecutive World Series sweeps.


1928 World Series
Lou Gehrig also had a good Series, hitting .545 (6 for 11) with four home runs. He drove in as many runs by himself (9) as the entire Cardinal team combined.


1928 World Series
Bill McKechnie became the second manager to lead two different teams to the World Series, and like Pat Moran before him, won one and lost one.


1928 World Series, Background
Before the series started, Walter Johnson, a retired Major League pitcher at the time, reportedly predicted that the Cardinals would "make short work of the New York Yankees," and that the Yankees "(hadn't) looked good for a while." Both Cardinals and Yankees fans were looking forward to a rematch of the 1926 World Series, which the Cardinals won.


1928 World Series, Summary
AL New York Yankees (4) vs. NL St. Louis Cardinals (0)


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
In a fashion similar to 1926, Bill Sherdel took the mound in Game 1 for the Cardinals.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
Ruth doubled with 2 outs in the first inning. Gehrig followed with an RBI double. Ruth lashed another double in the fourth and scored ahead of Bob Meusel's home run, one of only four hits off Sherdel in his seven innings. Consecutive singles by Mark Koenig, Ruth and Gehrig-for his second RBI-against Cards reliever Syl Johnson gave the Yankees the 4th run and a 1–0 series lead.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
The Cardinals produced 30 percent (3) of their runs in the Series in the second inning of game 2.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
George Harper walked, Jimmie Wilson doubled, Rabbit Maranville singled, and Grover Cleveland Alexander reached on second baseman Tony Lazzeri's errant throw. It tied the game at 3–3.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
After that, George Pipgras allowed only two more Cardinal hits, walking 3 other St. Louis batters. Miller Huggins had helped him straighten out a delivery problem. Pipgras consistently struck out the Cardinals with his curveballs, and they didn't score again.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
New York went ahead 4–3 in the bottom of the second inning off Alexander, who did not do well after that. Ruth led off with a single. Gehrig, having homered earlier (in the first inning to give the Yankees a 3–0 lead), drew a walk, and Meusel drove in a run with a double.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
A hit batsman and another run-scoring hit gave the Yankees a 4-run lead, and that was how it ended.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
The Redbirds, as the Cardinals were affectionately called by fans, led only 3 times the entire series and held an advantage in this game for 3 innings, the longest span in the series. They put up a 2–0 score in the 1st inning on singles by Andy High and Frankie Frisch, followed by a line drive that center fielder Cedric Durst couldn't catch, giving Jim Bottomley a 2-run double.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
The only other St. Louis run came in the 5th inning, when Taylor Douthit was hit by a pitch and scored to make it a 3–3 game on High's double.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Where the Cardinals had to scrape together runs, the Yankees did not. Gehrig homered into the right-field pavilion. In the fourth inning, Ruth laced a single and Gehrig followed with a hard line drive that skipped over the head of charging fielder Douthit. The ball rolled to the fence, and Gehrig went around the bases for a two-run inside-the-park homer.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Ruth took to the bases again in the sixth inning when his grounder forced out Koenig. Gehrig then drew a walk. 3rd baseman High fielded Meusel's bouncer and tried to start a double play. His throw got Gehrig at second, but Frisch's relay went wild and rolled to the fence. As Bottomley scampered after the ball, Ruth rounded third base and headed for home. The throw beat him, and umpire Bill McGowan called him out, but the impact from Ruth's hit in the collision jarred the ball loose from catcher Jimmie Wilson, and McGowan changed the call.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Later in the inning, Meusel scored on a double steal. The Yankees scored another run that inning to make it 6–3. Another run in the seventh was their last of the game, making it 7-3.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
After Game 3, Cardinals manager Bill McKechnie was still hopeful, despite losing 3 games in a row. "It[sic] they can win three games, so can we. Nothing is impossible. And this thing isn’t over until the fourth game is won," he was quoted as saying.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
The Cards led 2–1 in the top of the seventh. 21-game-winning southpaw Will Sherdel had an 0–2 count on Babe Ruth, who turned to say something to catcher Earl Smith. Seizing what he thought was a great opportunity to end the at-bat, Sherdel "quick-pitched," or threw without a windup, for what he thought was strike three on the Babe. "Quick pitches" were legal in the National League, but not in the American League or the World Series. So NL plate umpire Cy Pfirman called "no pitch," causing a vociferous argument with the Cardinals.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
Ruth then took two balls to even the count at 2–2 before homering to tie the game at two apiece. Gehrig's ensuing back-to-back home run, his fourth of the Series, gave the Yanks a lead they never relinquished. They scored twice more in the seventh, and Ruth finished the inning off with his third homer of the game in the two-run Yankee eighth.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
St. Louis scored a lone run in the bottom of the ninth to make it 7–3, but that was their last, as future Hall of Famer Frankie Frisch hit a left field foul fly caught on the run by none other than the Babe Ruth up against the stands, as angry Cardinal fans swatted him with newspapers and programs. But Ruth merely kept running right into the dugout, holding the ball in the air and giving the Yankees their second straight World Series sweep.


1928 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
In 1930, Ruth called this game the biggest thrill of his career.


1928 World Series, Composite line score
1928 World Series (4–0): New York Yankees (A.L.) over St. Louis Cardinals (N.L.)


1928 World Series, Broadcast
Since 1922, World Series games were broadcast by radio. The announcers for this years Series were Graham McNamee and Phillips Carlin for NBC's radio network. For CBS, J. Andrew White and Ted Husing.


1928 World Snooker Championship
The 1928 World Snooker Championship was a professional snooker tournament held at various venues from 28 December 1927 to 17 May 1928. It was the second staging of the World Snooker Championship. It was played on a challenge basis with the other six entrants playing off for the right to challenge defending champion Joe Davis in the final. The final was held at the Camkin's Hall in Birmingham, England, with three of the other matches contested there, and one each played in Leamington Spa and Nottingham.


1928 World Snooker Championship
Davis won 16–13 in the final against Fred Lawrence, and retained the title. Davis had won the professional billiards championship earlier in May, and became the first person to hold the professional titles in billiards and snooker titles concurrently, and then the first person to win them both in the same season. The highest break of the snooker tournament was 46, compiled by Alec Mann in the third frame of his first round match against Albert Cope.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Background
Professional English billiards player and billiard hall manager Joe Davis had noticed the increasing popularity of snooker compared to billiards in the 1920s, and with Birmingham-based billiard hall manager Bill Camkin, who had also seen snooker's increasing appeal, persuaded the Billiards Association and Control Council (BACC) to recognise an official professional snooker championship in the 1926–27 season. The inaugural event was won by Davis, who defeated Tom Dennis 20–11 in the final. Originally called the Professional Championship of Snooker, the annual competition was not titled the World Championship until 1935, but the 1927 tournament is  now referred to as the first World Snooker Championship.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Background
For the 1928 championship, a qualifying competition was held to produce a challenger to Davis, the defending champion. Most of the rules of the competition were as per the previous year, except that the preliminary rounds were to be played over 23 frames (rather than the 15 in 1927). Entry fees would be used to provide prize money for the finalists, with 60 per cent going to the champion. As a trophy had been purchased the previous year, there was no need to deduct money from entry fees to buy one, unlike at the first staging.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Background
The venue for the semi-finals and final was to be Camkin's Hall, Birmingham, with those matches supervised by the Midland Counties Billiard Association, and the players concerned would be left to arrange the locations for earlier rounds. The entry fee was set at five guineas per player (equivalent to £319 in 2019), with a five-guineas sidestake required. The Billiards Championship had been contested on a similar basis, with qualifying matches to produce a challenger to the champion, previously, and the system continued for that competition as well, but with an entry fee of £50 for the preliminary rounds, equivalent to £3,035 in 2019.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Background
The closing date for entries for the snooker championship was 1 November 1927. There were seven entrants: Davis, Dennis, Tom Newman, Fred Smith, Albert Cope, Alec Mann, and Fred Lawrence.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary
The first match played was between Tom Newman and Fred Smith at the Albert Hall, Kenilworth Street, Leamington Spa from 28 to 30 December. Newman led 7–1 after the first day and 10–6 at the end of the second day. Newman won the first two frames on the final day to secure victory at 12–6.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary
Alec Mann compiled a break of 46 in the third frame against Albert Cope and made a 23 break at his following visit. During that frame he conceded points from five successive foul shots, and more from two later fouls, finally winning the frame by 107 points to 42. The match was 2–2 at the first interval, before Mann took three of the next four to lead 5–3 after the first day. On the second day, Mann added the first four frames, with Cope subsequently recovering from 3–9 to 6–10,and on the third day secured the win at 12–8. The three "dead" frames were played, resulting in a final score of 14–9 to Mann. Mann's break of 46 was the highest made in the 1928 tournament.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary
On 16 January, the day after he had eliminated Cope, Mann's match against Fred Lawrence commenced. Mann obtained a 3–1 lead, before the first day finished at 4–4. Lawrence took a 7–5 lead, and after the players each added a further two frames, was 9–7 ahead going into the last day. After the first session on the third day, Lawrence led 11–9, but Mann won the following frame, and added the almost 50-minute long 22nd frame. In the deciding frame, Lawrence led by 17 points to 4, before a 21 break from Mann. Lawrence, through safety play and snookers, gained penalty points conceded by Mann and won the frame with a 20 break from the yellow ball to the pink ball.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary
The match between Tom Dennis and Newman was played from 29 to 31 March at The Lounge, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham. Newman took a 5–3 lead on the first day and increased this to 11–5 after two days, just one frame from victory. Newman won the first frame on the final day to take a winning 12–5 lead. The evening session was rearranged to include a billiards match as well as a frame of snooker.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary
Newman and Lawrence met in Birmingham from 7 to 9 May. Lawrence led 6–2 after the first day. From 5–9, Newman won the last two frames on the second day to reduce Lawrence's lead to 9–7 but Lawrence progressed to the final against Davis by securing the first three frames on the final day to win the match 12–7.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary
On 5 May, Davis became the professional English billiards champion for the first time, defeating Newman 16,000 – 14,874,  making sixty centuries in the last professional final to be played with ivory balls. Davis thereby became the first player to hold the professional titles in both billiards and snooker, an achievement not matched until his brother Fred Davis won the billiards championship in 1980.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Final
The final between Davis and  Lawrence was played from 14 to 17 May in Camkin's Hall in Birmingham. Lawrence and Davis shared the opening four frames in the afternoon session for 2–2, but Davis won all four frames in the evening to lead 6–2 after the first day. Lawrence won three frames on the second evening but Davis still led 9–7 after two days play. Three consecutive frame victories on the third afternoon helped Davis obtain a 14–10 after the third day, needing just two frames on the final day.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Final
Lawrence won three of the four afternoon frames on the final day to reduce Davis's lead to 15–13, potting well in the first two frames before what the Birmingham Daily Gazette termed a "woefully weak shot" when he was attempting to pot the blue ball failed. Directly after this, Davis made a break of 18. Lawrence was 26 points behind after all the red balls had been potted, and although he potted the first five of the six coloured balls, left an easy opportunity on the black ball, with Davis potting it to take the frame.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Final
Lawrence, who made a 42 break, claimed the following frame for 13–15. Lawrence led 52–14 in the first evening frame but Davis eventually won it 64–56 to retain his title by 16 frames to 13. Davis became the first player to claim both the professional billiards and snooker titles in the same season. The highest break of the final was a 44 by Davis in the 24th frame, the last of the third evening. Two "dead" frames were then played, both won by Davis. The presentation of the trophy and a gold medal to Davis, and of cheques to both players, was made by Mr. T. Heyman, chairman of the Midland Amateur Billiards Association.


1928 World Snooker Championship, Summary, Final
Davis recorded in his 1976 autobiography that "my old rival Fred Lawrence ... played extremely well and made me sweat it out," adding that "the finances worked out rather more favourably than in 1927," with Davis receiving £32 prize money (equivalent to £1,942 in 2019) and a £25 12s 6d share of the gate receipts (equivalent to £1,578 in 2019).


1928 World Snooker Championship, Main draw
Match results are shown below. Winning players and scores are denoted in bold text. The score in the match between Mann and Cope includes "dead" frames.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships
The 2nd World Table Tennis Championships were held in Stockholm from January 24 to January 29, 1928.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's Doubles
The 1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's Doubles was the second edition of the men's doubles championship. Alfred Liebster and Robert Thum defeated Charles Bull and Fred Perry in the final by three sets to nil.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's Singles
The 1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's Singles was the second edition of the men's singles championship. Zoltán Mechlovits met compatriot Laszlo Bellak in the final of this event. The latter won 8–21, 18–21, 24–22, 21–12, 21–15.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's Team
The 1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Swaythling Cup (Men's Team) was the second edition of the men's team championship.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's Team
Hungary defeated Austria and England 5-2 in a three way final play off for the gold medal. The three teams had tied in the main pool, finishing with a 7-1 match record.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's Team, Final Play offs
The final consisted of a three way play off between Hungary, Austria and England who all finished with a 7-2 record in the main table.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Mixed Doubles
The 1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Mixed Doubles was the second edition of the mixed doubles championship.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Mixed Doubles
Zoltán Mechlovits and Mária Mednyánszky defeated Daniel Pecsi and Erika Metzger in the final by two sets to one.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's Doubles
The 1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's Doubles was the inaugural edition of the women's doubles championship.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's Doubles
Fanchette Flamm and Mária Mednyánszky defeated Doris Gubbins and Brenda Sommerville in the final by three sets to nil.


1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's Singles
The 1928 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's Singles was the second edition of the women's singles championship. Mária Mednyánszky defeated Erika Metzger in the final of this event, 21–19, 22–20, 21–13.


1928 Wyoming Cowboys football team
The 1928 Wyoming Cowboys football team represented the University of Wyoming in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1928 college football season. In its second season under head coach George McLaren, the team compiled a 2–7 record (0–5 against conference opponents) and was outscored by a total of 224 to 106.


1928 Württemberg state election
The 1928 Württemberg state election was held on 20 May 1928 to elect the 80 members of the Landtag of the Free People's State of Württemberg.


1928 Württemberg state election, Results
On 6 June 1929, the Württemberg state court declared the provisions of the electoral law on seat distribution unconstitutional and seats were redistributed as follows:


1928 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1928 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1928 college football season. The Bulldogs finished with a 4–4 record under first-year head coach Mal Stevens.


1928 Yale Bulldogs men's soccer team
The Yale Bulldogs men's soccer team represented Yale University during the 1928 ISFA season. It was the Bulldogs's 23rd season as a varsity program, and the second season of Walter Leeman at the helm. The Bulldogs won their first undisputed national title, winning the 1928 Collegiate title. This was Yale's fourth ever national championship for men's soccer.


1928 Yale Bulldogs men's soccer team, Known players
The entire roster for the 1928 team is unknown. John Whitelaw served as the team's captain during the 1928 season.


1928 Yugoslav Football Championship
The 1928 National Championship (Serbo-Croato-Slovenian: Državno prvenstvo 1928. / Државно првенство 1928.) proclaimed Gradanski Zagreb once again as the reigning champions, with Hajduk and BSK following closely behind.


1928 Yugoslav Football Championship, Qualifications
The champions of the Belgrade, Split and Zagreb subassociations qualified directly to the final phase, while the second place teams of Belgrade and Zagreb, along with the champions of the rest of the subassociations, played a two-legged elimination round.


1928 Yugoslav Football Championship, Qualifications
The qualifiers were played in both, home and away matches, and were played on June 10 the first leg, and on June 17 the second. Primorje and SAŠK needed an extra match which was played on June 18 in Sarajevo.


1928 Yukon general election
The 1928 Yukon general election was held on 16 July 1928 to elect the three members of the Yukon Territorial Council. The council was non-partisan and had merely an advisory role to the federally appointed Commissioner.


1928 college football season
The 1928 football season have both the USC Trojans and the Georgia Tech Golden Tornado claim national championships. USC was recognized as champions under the Dickinson System, but the Rose Bowl was contested between the No. 2 and No. 3 teams, California and Georgia Tech. The game was decided by a safety scored after Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels ran 65 yards in the wrong direction. Vance Maree blocked the ensuing punt which gave Georgia Tech a safety deciding the 8–7 win.


1928 college football season
The Florida Gators led the nation in scoring as a team, led by its "Phantom Four" backfield, with 336 points. They were remembered by many sports commentators as the best Florida football team until at least the 1960s. NYU halfback Ken Strong led the nation in scoring  as an individual, with 162 points, and tallied some 3,000 total yards from scrimmage.


1928 college football season, September, September 29
Army beat Boston University 35–0. New York University (NYU) beat Niagara College 21–0. Pennsylvania def Ursinus 34–0. California beat Santa Clara 22–0 and USC beat Utah State, 40–12. Texas beat its crosstown neighbor, Austin's St. Edward's College, 32–0.


1928 college football season, October, October 6
Nebraska opened its season with a 12–0 win at Iowa State. Army narrowly beat the visiting SMU Mustangs, 14–13. NYU beat West Virginia Wesleyan, 26–7. Pennsylvania def. Franklin & Marshall 46–0. Texas beat Texas Tech 12–0. After losing 2 games out of 3 to non-college opponents, Stanford won at Oregon 26–12; USC beat visiting Oregon State 19–0. California beat St. Mary's, 7–0Wisconsin beat visiting Notre Dame, 22–6. Georgia Tech beat VMI, 13–0. Illinois beat Bradley, 33–6. Iowa played a Sunday game against Monmouth College, winning 26–0.


1928 college football season, October, October 13
Stanford beat visiting UCLA 45–7, and California beat Washington State, 13–3. USC defeated St. Mary's, 19–6.


1928 college football season, October, October 13
In New Orleans, Georgia Tech beat Tulane, 12–0, and in Dallas, Texas narrowly lost to Vanderbilt, 13–12. Pennsylvania shut out Swarthmore 67–0. NYU defeated Fordham* 34–7. Army shut out Providence 44–0. Nebraska beat Montana State, 26–6. Iowa won at Chicago, 13–0, while Illinois hosted Iowa's Coe College, winning 31–0Wisconsin hosted Cornell College of Iowa, and North Dakota State University, with the varsity winning the first game 49–0, and the reserves beating the Dakotans 13–7.


1928 college football season, October, October 20
In Berkeley, California and USC played to a 0–0 tie. With the exception of this game, USC played all of its other contests at home in Los Angeles in 1928.


1928 college football season, October, October 20
Georgia Tech shut out Notre Dame at home, 13–0. Army won at Harvard 15–0. NYU beat Rutgers* 48–0. Pennsylvania recorded its fourth shutout, beating Penn State 14–0. In San Francisco, Stanford beat Idaho, 47–0. Wisconsin and Purdue tied 19–19, and Illinois beat Indiana 13–7. Iowa beat Ripon College, 61–6. Nebraska edged visiting Syracuse, 7–6. Texas beat Arkansas, 20–7. After its first two wins over Ashland College (65–0) and Thiel (38–13), Carnegie Tech beat Washington & Jefferson, 19–0.


1928 college football season, October, October 27
Army won at Yale, 18–6. NYU beat Colgate 47–6. Pennsylvania (4–0–0) was upset by (1–3–0) Navy, 6–0. Prior to that, Penn had outscored its opponents 161–0. USC beat Occidental 19–0. Stanford beat Fresno State, 47–0. Wisconsin won at Michigan, 7–0, and Iowa beat Minnesota, 7–6, while Illinois beat Northwestern 6–0. Carnegie Tech beat Pittsburgh, 6–0. Georgia Tech yielded its first points, winning at North Carolina, 20–7. Nebraska shut out Missouri, 24–0, and Texas won at Rice, 13–6. California lost to the Olympic Club of San Francisco, 12–0. Olympic, nominally an amateur team of former college players, had beaten Stanford 12–6 earlier.


1928 college football season, November, November 3
In Los Angeles, USC (4–0–1) and Stanford (5–2–0) met, with the Trojans winning 10–0. Wisconsin beat visiting Alabama, 15–0, while 4–0–0 Illinois suffered its first loss, at Michigan, 3–0. California beat Oregon, 13–0. Nebraska won at Kansas, 20–0. Texas lost to visiting SMU, 6–2. Pennsylvania won at Chicago, 20–13. NYU and Georgetown University, both 5–0–0, with the Hoyas winning 7–2. Army beat Indiana's DePauw College, 38–12. Iowa defeated visiting South Dakota, 19–0. Carnegie Tech extended its streak, with a 32–0 win over Westminster College of Pennsylvania, and Georgia Tech beat visiting Oglethorpe College 32–7.


1928 college football season, November, November 10
Army (6–0–0) hosted Notre Dame(4–2–0). A crowd of 90,000 packed the stands while 5,000 others in the Bronx watched from roofs and fire escapes within view of Yankee Stadium. Though the Fighting Irish weren't having a good year, the score was 0–0 when Knute Rockne inspired his team at halftime by relating George Gipp's deathbed wish ("When the team's up against it, when things are wrong and the breaks are beating the boys—tell them to go in there with all they've got and win just one for the Gipper"). Though Army scored a touchdown in the third quarter, touchdowns by Jack Chevigny and Johnny O'Brien gave the Irish a 12–6 lead. In the final minute, Army drove to within one foot of the goal line, but the whistle sounded before the Cadets could snap the ball.


1928 college football season, November, November 10
In the New York Daily News the following Monday, reporter Francis Wallace first related the story in an article entitled, "Gipp's Ghost Beat Army."


1928 college football season, November, November 10
The big game in the South was in Atlanta, where Vanderbilt (6–0–0) visited Georgia Tech (5–0–0), and the home team won 19–7. Texas won at Baylor, 6–0.


1928 college football season, November, November 10
Wisconsin defeated Chicago, 25–0, and Iowa won at Ohio State, 14–7. In Indianapolis, Illinois beat Butler, 14–0.


1928 college football season, November, November 10
Pennsylvania won at Harvard, 7–0 NYU beat Alfred University, 71–0. USC beat Arizona, 78–7, Stanford beat Santa Clara 31–0, and California won at Washington, 6–0. Carnegie Tech won at Georgetown, 13–7.


1928 college football season, November, November 10
Nebraska, which had not played Oklahoma during the last two seasons, renewed a rivalry that became one of the most notable in college football. Playing at Oklahoma, the Cornhuskers won 44–6.


1928 college football season, November, November 17
Iowa (6–0–0) hosted Wisconsin (6–0–1) in a meeting of unbeatens, with the visitors handing the Hawkeyes their first loss, 13–0. Illinois won at Chicago, 40–0. Georgia Tech beat Alabama at home, 33–13. Nebraska (6–0–0) hosted the (5–2–0) Pitt Panthers, and were tied, 0–0. Pennsylvania beat Columbia 34–7  NYU beat Missouri, 27–6. Army beat Carleton, 32–7. Texas beat a strong TCU team, 6–0. USC won again, defeating Washington State, 27–13, while Stanford beat Washington, 12–0, California rolled over visiting Nevada, 60–0. (6–0–0) Carnegie Tech won at (5–2–0) Notre Dame, 27–7.


1928 college football season, November, November 24
Carnegie Tech (7–0–0) and NYU (7–1–0) met at Pittsburgh. The Violets handed Tech its first defeat, 27–13. Ken Strong gained widespread fame. He threw two long touchdown passes, rushed for two touchdowns, and kicked three extra points, leading Grantland Rice to write:


1928 college football season, November, November 24
This attack was led by a runaway buffalo, using the speed of a deer, and his name was Ken Strong. He ran all over a big, powerful team, smashed its line, ran its ends, kicked 50 and 55 yards, threw passes and tackled all over the lot. Today he was George Gipp, Red Grange and Chris Cagle rolled into one human form and there was nothing Carnegie Tech had that could stop his march.


1928 college football season, November, November 24
Carnegie Tech coach Walter Steffen said of Strong's performance: "This is the first time in my career that one man was good enough to run over and completely wreck an exceptionally good team. I can tell you he is better than Heston or Thorpe."


1928 college football season, November, November 24
Georgia Tech crushed visiting Auburn, 51–0. Auburn won only 1 of its 9 games, and scored in only two of those contests.


1928 college football season, November, November 24
Army (7–1–0) and Nebraska (6–0–1) met at West Point, with the Cadets beating the visiting Cornhuskers, 13–3. Stanford and California tied at Berkeley, 13–13. USC beat Idaho, 28–7.


1928 college football season, November, November 29
On Thanksgiving Day, Pennsylvania beat Cornell 49–0. Overall, the Penn Quakers had outscored their opponents 271 to 26, and finished 8–1–0. NYU closed its season with a 25–13 loss to visiting Oregon State, and finished 8–2–0. Wisconsin hosted Minnesota, and suffered its first loss, a 6–0 defeat, to close at 7–1–1. After starting the season 6–0, Iowa closed with a second loss, at Michigan, 10–7, to finish 6–2–0. Illinois closed at 7–1–0 after beating visiting Ohio State, 8–0. Nebraska closed its season with an 8–0 win over Kansas State, and Texas wrapped with a 19–0 win over Texas A&M.


1928 college football season, November, December 1
Army and Stanford met at Yankee Stadium, with Stanford shutting the Cadets out, 26–0. In Los Angeles, USC hosted Notre Dame, winning 27–14, to close its season at 9–0–1.


1928 college football season, November, December 8
Georgia Tech hosted Georgia and won 20–6, closing regular play at 9–0, before the Yellow Jackets' trip to the Rose Bowl. The Jackets finished 7–0 in Southern Conference play, assuring themselves of at least a share of the conference title.


1928 college football season, November, December 8
In one of the final games of the 1928 season, once-tied Tennessee hosted unbeaten Florida in Knoxville. For coach Charlie Bachman's Florida Gators, a share of the Southern Conference title was at stake; coach Robert Neyland's Tennessee Volunteers were playing for pride. Tennessee edged Florida, 13–12. Florida finished 8–1, Tennessee 9–0–1, and unbeaten and untied Georgia Tech won the conference championship outright.


1928 college football season, Rose Bowl
As the lone post-season college football game, the Rose Bowl matched the California Golden Bears, co-champions (with USC) of the Pacific Coast Conference, against the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, nicknamed the "Golden Tornado" as well as the "champions of the South". In the second quarter, the Jackets were on their own 25 yard line, when Warner Mizell fumbled the football. Playing linebacker, California center Roy Riegels scooped up the fumble at the 34 and dashed, unimpeded, toward the end zone. Unfortunately, Riegels had gotten turned around and ran downfield toward the California goal.


1928 college football season, Rose Bowl
Though Riegels was not tackled in his own end zone, California chose to punt from there on first down, and Benny Lom's kick was blocked by Tech's Tom Jones, and Cal's Stan Barr fell on the ball for the safety. Georgia Tech's 2–0 lead at halftime was extended to 8–0 after Stumpy Thomason ran for 15 yards for a score, and the conversion failed. Lom's pass to Irv Phillips, and Barr's extra point, made it 8–7 with a minute left. An onside kick attempt failed, and Georgia Tech ran out the clock to win the other national championship.


1928 college football season, Dickinson System
The AP sportswriters' poll would not begin continuously until 1936. (although, the first time was a one instance publishing in 1934)  Frank G. Dickinson, an economics professor at the University of Illinois, had invented the Dickinson System to rank colleges based upon their records and the strength of their opposition. The system was originally designed to rank teams in the Big Nine (later the Big Ten) conference. Chicago clothing manufacturer Jack Rissman then persuaded Dickinson to rank the nation's teams under the system, and awarded the Rissman Trophy to the winning university.


1928 college football season, Dickinson System
The system awarded 30 points for a win over a "strong team", and 20 for a win over a "weak team". Losses were awarded points (15 for loss to a strong team, 10 for loss to a weak team). Ties were treated as half a win and half a loss (22.5 for a tie with a strong team, 15 for a tie with a weak team). An average was then derived by dividing the points by games played.


1928 college football season, Final Dickinson rankings
Professor Dickinson concluded that the University of Southern California Trojans were "the national football champions of America for 1928". Unbeaten and untied Georgia Tech was ranked third because, Dickinson said, "its schedule was easier than the other contenders". On January 4, 1929, the Jack F. Rissman national intercollegiate trophy was presented by Professor Dickinson to the USC football squad, and Coach Howard Jones, at a student rally on the Los Angeles campus.


1928 college football season, Final Dickinson rankings
For the benefit of the crowd, Dickinson added "that even had he taken into consideration the victory of Georgia Tech over California on New Year's Day that the University of Southern California would have still be rated at the top," though Georgia Tech would have ranked second instead of third after its Rose Bowl win


1928 in Afghanistan
The following lists events that happened during 1928 in Afghanistan.


1928 in Afghanistan, January 8
Having completed their stay in Egypt, the king and queen arrive in Rome. Two state banquets are here given in the king's honour, and he also has an interview with the pope. While in Italy he visits Milan and a number of other cities, paying special attention to engineering and motor works. From Italy he goes through the Riviera to Paris, where he is officially received by the president of the republic. Here, as elsewhere, the official visit is succeeded by a much longer unofficial stay.


1928 in Afghanistan, January 8
In the course of February visits are paid to Belgium, Switzerland, and Germany, and on March 13 the royal party crosses over to London, where the crowd gives them an enthusiastic welcome. State banquets are given in the king's honour at Buckingham Palace, the Guildhall, and the Foreign Office, and no effort is spared by the authorities to impress him with the value and sincerity of British friendship. On March 23 he goes with Queen Souriyah to Oxford, where a brother of the queen is an undergraduate, and receives there the degree of Doctor of Civil Law.


1928 in Afghanistan, February 17
On February 17, 11 people were shot dead by unknown assailants in Abu Shakir, a village in Kabul. (Now Wazir Akbar Khan) police speculated that the attackers were Arab militants belonging to Jund Al Farooq, the armed wing of the Ansar Al Farooq anti-Shia group. The motive of the attack is probably because the siege of Jund Al Farooq controlled village of Bani Khalid, (Now Sheerpur) near Abu Shakir, by the Afghani Army.


1928 in Afghanistan, February 18
On February 18, 23 policemen were shot dead by Jund Al Farooq.


1928 in Afghanistan, February 18
In the evening, 14 Pashtuns were killed by Jund Al Farooq. This angered many Afghans and led to the killing of 43 Arabs. It was also reported that Pashtun militants entered the Jund Al Farooq stronghold of Bani Khalid and massacred 56 Arab residents of the village.


1928 in Afghanistan, February 18
By the end of the day, 61 Arabs and 17 Pashtuns were killed. Jund Al Farooq's leader Mohammad Ahmad was also killed.


1928 in Afghanistan, February 19
On February 19, Mohammad Ahmad's brother Khalid took control over Jund Al Farooq. By this time, Pashtun militias controlled 2/3 of Bani Khalid.


1928 in Afghanistan, February 19
Khalid's son Omar was killed as Pashtun militias backed by the Afghani Army sieged Jund Al Farooq controlled areas in the village.


1928 in Afghanistan, February 19
By noon, Jund Al Farooq withdrew from the village, however, clashes still occurred between local Arabs and Pashtuns.


1928 in Afghanistan, February 19
By the end of the day, 3 Arabs and 16 Pashtuns were killed.


1928 in Afghanistan, April 5
The king leaves England for the East of Europe. On his way he finds it necessary to stay in Berlin to undergo an operation for tonsillitis. While in Germany he is presented by the German government with a specially upholstered Junkers aeroplane, and discusses with Professor Junkers the subject of an airline between Afghanistan and Persia. From Berlin the king and queen proceed to Warsaw (April 29), and thence two days later to Moscow, where they receive a royal welcome in spite of the anti-royalist professions of their hosts.


1928 in Afghanistan, April 5
While in Russia they pay a visit to Leningrad, where they witness the Baltic Fleet manoeuvres at Kronstadt. The next country to be visited is Turkey, which King Amanullah regards with peculiar affection. At a banquet given in his honour at Angora on May 20, President Mustafa Kemal Pasha lays stress on the close ties between the Afghan and Turkish peoples, and King Amanullah replies with a speech expressing admiration of the work accomplished by the president.