1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Greater Antilles and Bahamas
While the hurricane was passing nearby, Grand Turk reported winds of 120 mph (193 km/h). According to a ship report in the region, "The force of the wind ... could only be judged by the noise made by the storm, which reminded me of the New York subway going full speed passing switches." Winds approached 120 mph (193 km/h) at Nassau before the anemometer failed. In addition to the winds, the storm dropped heavy rainfall in the region, totaling 9 in (230 mm) in Nassau.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Greater Antilles and Bahamas
As in Puerto Rico, authorities in the Bahamas had ample warning of the hurricane's approach, and preparations minimized the loss of life in the islands. Two boats were wrecked as they washed ashore in Grand Turk, although the crews were saved. A sloop traversing from Ambergris Caye to Grand Turk was lost, killing all 18 people on board. The storm caused heavy damage throughout the Bahamas, mostly to property and crops.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Greater Antilles and Bahamas
In Nassau, some buildings which had been recently repaired after the 1926 Nassau hurricane were destroyed during this storm. A 10-year-old girl drowned after falling into an open trench filled with water. At the Fort Montague Hotel, the windows, doors, and furniture were badly damaged. Similar damage was reported at the Royal Victoria Hotel, while the British Colonial Hotel was largely spared. However, the gardens of the three hotels were "damaged almost beyond recognition".


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Greater Antilles and Bahamas
On Bimini, sustained winds of 140 mph (230 km/h) were observed, causing major damage to buildings. Ninety-five houses and some other buildings, including a few churches and government buildings, were damaged or destroyed on Eleuthera. Minor damage was reported on Rum Cay. Most of the food crops were destroyed. On San Salvador Island, four buildings were demolished, including two churches, while several other structures suffered minor damage. Food crops were nearly wiped out.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida
While the hurricane was moving through the Bahamas, the Weather Bureau issued storm warnings from Miami to Titusville, later upgrading to a hurricane warning from Miami to Daytona Beach. The agency advised residents to take precautions for the hurricane, citing the potential for strong winds and waves. Hurricane warnings were also posted for the west coast from Punta Rassa to Apalachicola, and after the storm recurved, hurricane warnings were extended along the east coast to Jacksonville. Because of well-issued hurricane warnings, residents were prepared for the storm, and only 26 deaths were recorded in the coastal Palm Beach area.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida
Strong winds struck southern Florida as the hurricane moved ashore, with three unofficial reports of 100 mph (161 km/h). In Miami to the south of the center, winds reached 78 mph (126 km/h), and farther south, Key West reported winds of 39 mph (63 km/h). The eye at landfall was 25 mi (40 km) wide, and after moving inland crossed Lake Okeechobee, where a calm was reported for 30 minutes. Winds at Canal Point, adjacent to the lake, were estimated as high as 160 mph (257 km/h); the anemometer blew away after reporting sustained winds of 75 mph (121 km/h). The pressure at Canal Point dropped to 942 mbar (27.82 inHg). The lowest pressure north of Lake Okeechobee was 966 mbar (28.54 inHg) in Bartow, and along the west coast, winds reached 31 mph (50 km/h) in Tampa.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida
The hurricane left thousands of people homeless in Florida; property damage was estimated at $25 million ($377 million). It is estimated if a similar storm were to strike as of the year 2003, it would cause $18.7 billion in damages. The cyclone remains one of three Atlantic hurricanes to strike the southern mainland of Florida with a central pressure below 940 mbar (27.76 inHg), the others being the 1926 Miami hurricane and Hurricane Andrew of 1992.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida
In addition to the human fatalities, 1,278 livestock and 47,389 poultry were killed, respectively. Agriculture was significantly affected, with the storm destroying what may have been the largest "citrus crop in the history of the industry". Approximately 6% of oranges and 18% of grapefruit were ruined, respectively. Harvesting the remaining crops was delayed until mid-October due to inundated groves. Communications also suffered severely. Throughout the state, 32,000 households were left without telephone service and 400 poles were broken and about 2,500 others leaning. Governor of Florida John W. Martin estimated that 15,000 families were left homeless in Palm Beach County alone. Additionally, about 11,500 families would need to be "re-established".


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Coastal South Florida
In Miami, damage was minimal, limited to broken windows and awnings. In Hollywood and Fort Lauderdale, windows and roofs were damaged, although to a fairly minor extent. Numerous power lines and telephone wires were downed in the latter city. Northward, from Pompano Beach to Jupiter, buildings suffered serious damage from the heavy winds and 10 ft (3 m) storm surge. Nearly all small frame houses were destroyed in Deerfield Beach, while several citizens estimated that at least 50% of homes were demolished. The town's post office, depot, and an entire business block were also destroyed.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Coastal South Florida
An eight-year-old boy drowned in a ditch near where his family sought refuge. In Boca Raton, two garages and several houses were destroyed. At the Cloister Inn, windows were shattered and the roof was damaged; across the street, 32 freight cars belonging to a train along the Florida East Coast Railway were tossed by the wind into a nearby ditch. A short distance to the north, a warehouse was flattened. A building occupied by a restaurant and a store was flattened.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Coastal South Florida
In Delray Beach, four churches suffered severe damage and the Alta Repp and Seacrest hotels both lost a portion of their roof. The police reported three deaths within the city. In Delray Beach and Lantana, all houses and the railroad station were badly damaged. In Boynton Beach, about 75% of businesses suffered complete destruction. Fifteen people were injured by a roof collapse while taking refuge in the auditorium of a high school.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Coastal South Florida
In Lake Worth, approximately 50% of homes were damaged or destroyed, while 75% of buildings in the business district suffered damage. Damage along the coast was most severe in Palm Beach. Total coastal damages were estimated as "several million" dollars. In West Palm Beach, the storm destroyed 1,711 homes and damaged 6,369 others, and demolished 268 businesses and impacted 490 other businesses; the city suffered the worst damage, totaling just under $13.8 million. Likewise, there was also severe wind damage in Palm Beach.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Coastal South Florida
A few buildings constructed by Henry Flagler, such as The Breakers, the Royal Poinciana Hotel, and Whitehall, were damaged. Mar -a-Lago suffered few effects  other than uprooted trees and the destruction of a large Roman-style window, according to Marjorie Merriweather Post. Rodman Wanamaker's house, known as "La Guerida" and later the "Winter White House" when used by President John F. Kennedy, suffered heavy damage during the storm. The Alba, Billows, New Palm Beach, and Royal Daneli hotels all suffered water damage, while the Alba Hotel was also deroofed. Nearby, the Rainbow Pier had only structural damage to its railings, though the pier office was blown away. Approximately 600 structures, including 10 hotels, were damaged in Palm Beach. Damage totaled over $2 million.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Coastal South Florida
The strongest winds in the eyewall affected northern Palm Beach County, particularly the vicinity of Jupiter as the eye made landfall farther south. At the Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse, the mortar was reportedly "squeezed ... like toothpaste" from between the bricks during the storm, swaying the tower 17 in (430 mm) off the base. The lighthouse keeper, Captain Seabrook, and his son, Franklin, worked to keep the light on during the storm after the electricity went out. After the generator failed to work, they hand-cranked the light's mantle. The building formerly used as a Weather Bureau Office was destroyed. Nearby, six people died after a house was demolished. Six other fatalities occurred west of Jupiter after a school where people sought shelter collapsed.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
Inland, the hurricane wreaked much more widespread destruction along the more heavily populated coast of Lake Okeechobee. Residents had been warned to evacuate the low ground earlier in the day, but after the hurricane did not arrive on schedule, many thought it had missed and returned to their homes. In the weeks prior to the storm, heavy rainfall had caused the lake to rise 3 ft (0.91 m) between August 10 and September 10 and filled nearby canals and ditches. Precipitation from the hurricane itself caused Lake Okeechobee to rise further.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
When the worst of the storm crossed the lake, the south-blowing wind caused a storm surge to overflow the small dike that had been built at the south end of the lake. The resulting flood covered an area of hundreds of square miles with water that in some places was more than 20 ft (6 m) deep. Houses were floated off their foundations and dashed to pieces against any obstacles encountered. Most survivors and bodies were washed out into the Everglades, where many of the bodies were never found. Agricultural losses in the area surrounding Lake Okeechobee were also significant, with virtually all crops destroyed and over 150 tractors suffering damage.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
As the rear eyewall passed over the area, the flood reversed itself, breaking the dikes along the northern coast of the lake and causing similar but smaller flooding. Route 98, then known as Conner's Highway, was closed until January, when the bridge across the Onosohatchee River at Taylor Creek was replaced after the original bridge was carried about 150 ft (46 m) upstream during the storm. In Okeechobee County, homes along the lake were destroyed by the storm surge, while dwellings within the city of Okeechobee were severely damaged or demolished by winds of at least 90 mph (140 km/h).


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
However, brick and concrete dwellings suffered little damage. A number of three-story business buildings collapsed during the storm. Almost all roads were left impassable, while communications were nearly wiped out. Overall, 27 deaths occurred in Okeechobee County. Along the southwestern shore of Lake Okeechobee, the towns of Clewiston and Moore Haven were both flooded, but most houses suffered more damage due to strong winds.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
On Kreamer Island, many residents received information about the storm when it was too late to evacuate. In some houses, 20–30 people sought shelter inside and later stood on tables and chairs to remain above the water. Most of the houses were swept away into rows of pine trees and others more than half a mile (0.8 km) away. Despite this, only one person drowned on the island. Residents of Torry Island did not have enough time to prepare for the storm. They tried to evacuate, but with the causeway already inundated, twenty-three people sought refuge in a packinghouse.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
Floodwaters entered the building, forcing the occupants into the rafters. The building was eventually pushed into a nearby canal. Ten people drowned, but thirteen others survived by clinging to a barge or tree tops, while one woman tied herself to a telegraph pole. Others who survived were swept far away from the original sites of the building and the barge. A teenage boy was carried from the packinghouse to the Everglades Experiment Station in Belle Glade – a distance of about 8 mi (13 km). On Ritta Island, a number of persons who had successfully climbed to the roof of their houses to escape floodwaters were struck by trees or received fatal bites from water moccasins.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
In South Bay, nearly all houses were destroyed and several buildings were unroofed. At least 160 fatalities occurred in the city. The future first mayor of South Bay, Aubrey (a.k.a. "Orb" or "A.O.") Walker, along with his brother, Haughty D. Walker (a.k.a. "Haught"), survived the great hurricane of 1928 by gathering family members and joining a number of other South Bay citizens on a barge in the canal; this action allowed them to survive the flood waters that swept over South Bay and ultimately engulfed Okeelanta. Throughout the 1920s, Okeelanta had suffered several floods and muck fires.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
After being flooded severely during the 1928 hurricane, it was abandoned. Bean City was also destroyed during the hurricane, but it was eventually rebuilt by Arthur Wells. Sebring Farms was reduced to piles of rubber, with only four tall royal palm trees left standing. The hotel at Miami Locks was the only building to survive the storm. Ninety-nine people died in that town. In Chosen, only two people escaped a house that had sheltered nineteen people. Twenty other residents took refuge in a building which lost its roof during the storm, forcing the occupants to move into the restroom. A house that was full of people floated about half a mile (0.8 km) from its original location. The refugees were unaware that the house was moving until it collided with a railroad embankment.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
Floodwaters persisted for several weeks, greatly impeding attempts to clean up the devastation. Burial services were quickly overwhelmed, and many of the bodies were placed into mass graves. Around 75% of the fatalities were migrant farm workers, making identification of both the dead and missing very difficult; as a result of this, the count of the dead is not very accurate. The Red Cross estimated the number of fatalities as 1,836, which was taken as the official count by the National Weather Service for many years.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Lake Okeechobee and Everglades
Older sources usually list 3,411 as the hurricane's total count of fatalities, including the Caribbean. However, in 2003, the U.S. death count was revised to "at least" 2,500, making the Okeechobee hurricane one of the deadliest natural disasters in United States history. A mass grave at the Port Mayaca Cemetery east of Port Mayaca contains the bodies of 1,600 victims of the hurricane.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Central and North Florida
In Fort Myers, property damage was slight, limited mostly to scores of small boats and fishing shacks along the waterfront. Nearly all cigar factories in Tampa were closed after wind and rain drove too much moisture into the buildings. Offshore, the fishing smack Wallace A. McDonnell was beached near Piney Point, though all of the crew survived. The Cuban schooner Isabel Alvado sank offshore Boca Grande. The crew, who were immigrants, were rescued by the Coast Guard and later deported. In Martin County, a bridge connecting Stuart and Palm City was severely damaged and closed to traffic as a result.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Central and North Florida
A temporary ferry service across the St. Lucie River was established and operated until repairs to the bridge were complete in the summer of 1929. In Fort Pierce, most of the effects were confined to the waterfront areas. A warehouse, fish houses, docks, and a bridge across the Indian River were destroyed, while several other buildings were unroofed. Damage in the city totaled about $150,000.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Central and North Florida
In the interior areas of Central and North Florida, effects were mainly confined to agricultural losses, particularly citrus, though wind damage occurred to structures. Between Sebring and Lake Wales, 200 telephone poles were toppled. In Bartow, business building windows were shattered and signs were knocked down, while several roofs and chimneys also suffered damage. Winds gusting up to 70 mph (110 km/h) lashed Lakeland. Many trees were uprooted and several buildings were impacted, including the hospital and a number of businesses.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Florida, Central and North Florida
At Florida Southern College (FSC), the north side of the gymnasium collapsed while other buildings on campus were damaged to a lesser degree. The trees in the citrus grove surrounding FSC lost much of their fruit. Overall, Lakeland suffered about $50,000 in damage. In Orlando, damage to properties was described as slight. Strong winds up to 50 mph (80 km/h) affected the Jacksonville area, resulting in minor damage at Jacksonville Beach.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Effects, Elsewhere
Outside Florida, damage from the hurricane elsewhere in the United States was minor. In Georgia, low-lying streets were flooded or washed out in the Savannah area. Additionally, winds downed trees and power lines. Heavy rainfall occurred from eastern Florida through coastal Georgia, the Carolinas, and southeast Virginia. The highest rainfall total was 12.53 inches (318 mm) at Darlington, South Carolina. The storm caused flooding in North Carolina and brought near-hurricane-force winds and a 7 foot (2.1 m) storm surge to the Norfolk area. After the hurricane became extratropical, its wind field became very large. Atlantic City, New Jersey, recorded winds of 76 mph (122 km/h) despite being far from the center.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath
In the immediate aftermath of the storm, relief arrived from nearby areas such as Miami. Early on September 18, a train leaving Miami carried 20 doctors and 20 nurses to West Palm Beach. The Miami Red Cross Citizens Relief Committee, which was established to provide aid for victims of the storm, transported "hundreds of loaves of bread, gallons of milk, pounds of coffee and sugar, blankets, cots, and medical supplies." The first relief train was ridden by U.S. Senator Joseph T. Robinson, the Democratic vice presidential nominee during the election that year.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath
At least 100 people were brought to Miami for medical treatment. In Lake Worth, 25 people were treated for various injuries at the Gulf Stream Hotel and the local fire station. Dr. W. A. Claxton, chief of the Miami Department of Public Welfare, requested antitoxin, typhoid serum, and at least 200 tetanus serums. There was also a request for 1,000 more cots in West Palm Beach and Kelsey City.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath, Racial issues
In Florida, although the hurricane's destruction affected everything in its path, the death toll was by far the highest and the aftermath the worst in the economically poor areas in the low-lying ground near Lake Okeechobee, such as the towns of Belle Glade, Chosen, Pahokee, South Bay, and Bean City. Around 75% of the fatalities were among migrant farm workers, most of whom were black.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath, Racial issues
The black workers did most of the post-hurricane cleanup work. Reflecting racial and class discrimination, authorities reserved the few caskets available for burials for the bodies of whites. White victims received a formal burial service, although in a mass grave, at Woodlawn Cemetery in downtown West Palm Beach. This was the only mass gravesite to receive a timely memorial.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath, Racial issues
In contrast, the bodies of black victims were burned in funeral pyres or thrown into mass burial sites such as the ones in West Palm Beach and Port Mayaca.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath, Racial issues
Robert Hazard, a resident of West Palm Beach, established the Storm of '28 Memorial Park Coalition Inc. to fight for recognition of the black victims of the storm. In 2000, the West Palm Beach burial site was reacquired by the city of West Palm Beach and plans for construction of a memorial began. The site was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 2002 and a state historical marker was added in 2003 during events to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the hurricane.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath, Racial issues
African-American writer Zora Neale Hurston explored the effects of the hurricane on black migrant workers in her seminal 1937 novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God. This is her best-known work and it was included on TIME magazine's 2005 list of the '100 best English-language novels published since 1923'.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath, Improved building codes
In the aftermath of the hurricane in coastal Florida, observers noted that well-constructed buildings with shutters had suffered practically no damage from winds that caused serious structural problems to lesser buildings. Buildings with well-constructed frames, and those made of steel, concrete, brick, or stone, were largely immune to winds. The use of shutters prevented damage to windows and the interior of the buildings. With the 1928 hurricane coming so soon after the 1926 Miami hurricane, where a similar pattern had been noticed, one lasting result of the 1928 storm was improved state and local building codes.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath, Flood control
To prevent a recurrence of disasters like this one and the Great Miami Hurricane of 1926, the Florida State Legislature created the Okeechobee Flood Control District, which was authorized to cooperate with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in flood control undertakings. After a personal inspection of the area by President Herbert Hoover, the Corps of Engineers drafted a plan to provide for the construction of floodway channels, control gates, and major levees along the shores of Lake Okeechobee. A long-term system was designed for the purpose of flood control, water conservation, prevention of saltwater intrusion, and preservation of fish and wildlife populations. One of the solutions was the construction of the Herbert Hoover Dike.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Aftermath, Flood control
In the early 21st century, there are concerns related to the dike's stability because studies have indicated long-term problems with "piping" and erosion. Leaks have been reported after several heavy rain events. Proposed solutions to the dike's problems have included the construction of a seepage berm on the landward side of the dike, with the first stage costing approximately $67 million (US$).


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Name
The storm was named the San Felipe II hurricane in Puerto Rico because the eye of the cyclone made landfall there on September 13, the Roman Catholic feast day of Saint Philip, father of Saint Eugenia of Rome. (King Philip II of Spain happened to die on this day.) It was named "Segundo", Spanish for "the Second", because of the weaker but destructive "San Felipe hurricane" that had struck Puerto Rico on that same day in 1876.


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Name
In Puerto Rico, since European colonization, storms and hurricanes were named after the name of the saint's day that the storm hit the island. For example, they named the Great Hurricane of 1780 as San Calixto, after Saint Callixtus, whose feast day is October 14; the 1867 San Narciso hurricane, the 1899 San Ciriaco hurricane, and the 1932 San Ciprian hurricane were also named after the saints' feast days on which they occurred (respectively, Saint Narcissus of Jerusalem on October 29, Saint Cyriacus on August 8, and Saint Cyprian on September 26).


1928 Okeechobee hurricane, Name
In 1953, the United States Weather Bureau (now the National Weather Service) started naming hurricanes by human female names until 1978. That year both gender names began to be used after control over naming was relinquished to the World Meteorological Organization. It was not until 1960 that Puerto Rico stopped naming hurricanes after saints. Two cyclones have been given both women's and saint's names: Hurricane Betsy (Santa Clara, August 12, 1956) and Hurricane Donna (San Lorenzo, September 5, 1960).


1928 Oklahoma A&M Cowboys football team
The 1928 Oklahoma A&M Cowboys football team represented Oklahoma A&M College in the 1928 college football season. This was the 28th year of football at A&M and the eighth under John Maulbetsch. The Cowboys played their home games at Lewis Field in Stillwater, Oklahoma. They finished the season 1–7–0, 0–1–0 in the Missouri Valley Conference.


1928 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1928 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 1928 college football season. In their second year under head coach Adrian Lindsey, the Sooners compiled a 5–3 record (3–2 against conference opponents), finished in third place in the Big Six Conference, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 120 to 88.


1928 Oklahoma Sooners football team
No Sooners received All-America honors in 1928, though end Tom Churchill received all-conference honors.


1928 Ole Miss Rebels football team
The 1928 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi during the 1928 Southern Conference football season. Gee Walker was on the team.


1928 Open Championship
The 1928 Open Championship was the 63rd Open Championship, held 9–11 May at Royal St George's Golf Club in Sandwich, England. Walter Hagen won the third of his four Open Championship titles, two strokes ahead of runner-up Gene Sarazen. It was his second triumph at Royal St George's, the site of his first Open win in 1922. It was the tenth of his eleven major titles; his second Open victory came in 1924 at Royal Liverpool.


1928 Open Championship
For this year and the next, the Open was played earlier than usual, in early May, and Hagen won both. Qualifying was held on 7–8 May, Monday and Tuesday, with 18 holes at St George's and 18 holes at Prince's, and the top 100 and ties qualified. José Jurado led the qualifiers on 144, which included four Bradbeer brothers: James, Bob, Ernest, and Fred. The qualifying score was 162 and 113 players qualified.


1928 Open Championship
Two-time defending champion Bobby Jones decided not to make the trip across the Atlantic this year, meaning all eyes were on other American stars. Two weeks prior, Walter Hagen played a match against Archie Compston and lost badly, 18 & 17. Realizing he needed practice, Hagen resolved to skip the parties for which he had become famous and concentrate on his game.


1928 Open Championship
On Wednesday, Bill Mehlhorn opened with 71 to take the lead, with Sarazen a stroke behind. Mehlhorn had a poor 78 on the second day and José Jurado took over the lead on 145.« » Hagen and Sarazen were second on 148 with Mehlhorn and Archie Compston on 149. To make the cut, players would need to be within 14 strokes of the leader after 36 holes; it was at 159 and 52 players advanced.


1928 Open Championship
On Friday morning, Hagen took the lead by a stroke from Jurado and Sarazen, two ahead of Compston. Hagen's 72 that afternoon gave him 292 and the victory, two shots ahead of Sarazen. Jurado had a disappointing 80 and dropped into a tie for sixth place. The prizes were presented by the Prince of Wales.


1928 Open Championship
Six-time champion Harry Vardon, age 58, made his last cut in the Open Championship and tied for 47th. He qualified for the Open just once more, the following year.


1928 Open Championship, Round summaries, Final round
Amateurs: Perkins (307), Hezlet (309), Hope (312), R Hartley (316), Torrance (316), Evans (319)


1928 Oregon State Aggies football team
The 1928 Oregon State Aggies football team represented Oregon State University in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1928 college football season. In their fifth season under head coach Paul J. Schissler, the Beavers compiled a 6–3 record (2–3 against PCC opponents), finished in a tie for sixth place in the PCC, and outscored their opponents, 206 to 53. Under coach Schissler, from 1925 to 1932, no team captains were elected. The team played its home games at Bell Field in Corvallis, Oregon.


1928 Oregon Webfoots football team
The 1928 Oregon Webfoots football team represented the University of Oregon in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1928 college football season. In their third season under head coach John McEwan, the Webfoots compiled a 9–2 record (4–2 against PCC opponents), finished in fourth place in the PCC, and outscored their opponents, 234 to 59. The team played its home games at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon.


1928 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo)
1928 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo) was the 22nd water polo championship in Hungary. There were seven teams who played one round match for the title.


1928 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), Final list
* M: Matches W: Win D: Drawn L: Lost G+: Goals earned G-: Goals got P: Point


1928 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), 2. Class
1. OTE 8, 2. BSZKRT SE 4, 3. BEAC 4 pont, Postás and VAC cancelled their participation.


1928 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), Countryside
1. Szegedi UE, 2. MOVE Eger SE, 3. Orosházi TK, 4. Tatabányai SC.


1928 Ottawa Senators (CFL) season
The 1928 Ottawa Senators finished in 4th place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 1–4–1 record and failed to qualify for the playoffs.


1928 Ottawa municipal election
The city of Ottawa, Canada held municipal elections on December 3, 1928 to elect members of the 1929 Ottawa City Council.


1928 Ottawa municipal election, Plebiscites
Property owners voted in favour of improving water supply in the city which would involve allowing the city to spend $1,315,000 for a water filtration system.


1928 Ottawa municipal election, Plebiscites
City residents voted in favour to continue using daylight saving time in the city.


1928 PGA Championship
The 1928 PGA Championship was the 11th PGA Championship, held October 1–6 at the Five Farms Course of the Baltimore Country Club in Lutherville, Maryland, north of Baltimore. Then a match play championship, Leo Diegel defeated Al Espinosa 6 & 5 in the finals to win the first of his two consecutive titles.


1928 PGA Championship
Prior to the finals, Diegel defeated both Walter Hagen and Gene Sarazen, the winners of the previous seven PGA Championships, in the two preceding matches. He prevailed 2 & 1 over nemesis Hagen in the quarterfinals and 9 & 8 over Sarazen in the semifinals. Diegel had lost to Hagen in the 1925 quarterfinals (40 holes) and the 1926 finals.


1928 PGA Championship
Five-time champion Hagen had won 22 consecutive matches and four straight titles at the PGA Championship. Prior to his loss to Diegel in the quarterfinals, his match record in the 1920s was 32–1 (.970), falling only to Sarazen in 38 holes in the 1923 finals.


1928 PGA Championship
The Five Farms Course, now the East Course, was designed by A. W. Tillinghast and opened two years earlier in September 1926.


1928 PGA Championship
Diegel continued the tradition of repeat champions and successfully defended his title in 1929.


1928 PGA Championship, Format
The match play format at the PGA Championship in 1928 called for 12 rounds (216 holes) in six days:


1928 Pacific Tigers football team
The 1928 Pacific Tigers football team represented the College of the Pacific (COP) as a member of the Far Western Conference (FWC) during the 1928 college football season. The team was led by eighth-year head coach Erwin Righter, and played home games at a field on campus in Stockton, California. Pacific compiled an overall record of 5–2 with a mark of 2–1 in conference play, placing fourth in the FWC. The Tigers outscored their opponents 95–64 for the season.


1928 Pacific hurricane season
The 1928 Pacific hurricane season ran through the summer and fall of 1928. Before the satellite age started in the 1960s, data on east Pacific hurricanes was extremely unreliable. Most east Pacific storms were of no threat to land.


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Cyclone One
A weak tropical cyclone existed south of the Gulf of California was spotted on May 24. It moved westward, and was last seen on May 27. The lowest pressure reported was 29.77 inHg (100.8 kPa).


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Cyclone Two
A tropical cyclone in the Gulf of Tehuantepec produced gales on June 5. The lowest reported pressure was 29.67 inHg (100.5 kPa).


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
A hurricane existed south of Cape Corrientes on July 28 and 29. The lowest reported pressure was a reading of 29.64 inHg (100.4 kPa).


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
A tropical cyclone was noticed just south of the Mexican coast on August 6. This system might have formed south of Costa Rica three days earlier. Wherever it formed, this tropical cyclone intensified into a hurricane, and paralleled the coast. It passed south of the Gulf of California on August 10. The hurricane passed northwestward of Cabo San Lucas on September, and dissipated on August 11 while over the southern part of the Baja California Peninsula. The lowest pressure reported in association with this hurricane was 28.50 inHg (96.5 kPa).


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
This hurricane brought gale or hurricane-force winds to several areas of the Mexican coast. An American steamer, the William A. McKenney, had its cargo and structure damaged by the hurricane. Repairs were attempted during the storm, and 14 members of its crew were washed overboard and drowned.


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Cyclone Five
On September 1, a tropical cyclone formed well south of the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula. It moved west-northwest and was last seen on September 3. A ship reported a pressure reading of 29.44 inHg (99.7 kPa).


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
About 200 miles west-southwest of Acapulco, a tropical cyclone formed on September 17. It slowly moved northwestward. It had intensified into a hurricane by September 18. On September 21, the hurricane weakened and recurved to the east-northeast. It made landfall north of Mazatlán and became a remnant over Mexico. Its remnants had crossed Mexico by September 22 and entered the Gulf of Mexico south of Brownsville, Texas. They never developed into anything, and had dissipated by the end of the month. The lowest pressure reported by a ship was 28.82 inHg (97.6 kPa).


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Cyclone Seven
From September 20 to 22, a tropical cyclone existed south of the Gulf of Tehuantepec.


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Eight
On October 7, at a location well south of the entrance to the Gulf of California, a hurricane existed. It was moving northwest. A ship measured a central pressure of 29.60 inHg (100.2 kPa).


1928 Pacific hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Cyclone Nine
On October 16 and 17, a ship encountered a tropical cyclone well south of the southern Tip of the Baja California Peninsula. The ship reported a pressure of 29.48 inHg (99.8 kPa).


1928 Palestine Cup
The 1928 People's Cup (Hebrew: גביע העם, Gvia HaAm) was the first season of Israeli Football Association's nationwide football cup competition. Matches began on 7 April 1928 and the final was played on 26 May 1928.


1928 Palestine Cup
Hapoel Allenby Tel Aviv won the cup, beating Maccabi Hasmonean Jerusalem 2–0 in the final. However, the Jerusalem club appealed to the F.A., claiming that a Hapoel player, Moshe Meir wasn't registered. The appeal was accepted and the teams were ordered to share the cup.


1928 Palestine Cup, Background
Starting in 1922, unofficial cup competitions were held in Mandatory Palestine on an annual, national basis under the sponsorship of Britain's military garrison there, at start involving British teams only, but in subsequent years, Arab and Jewish teams as well. As these cups pre-date the existence of a national football association, they are not considered official by the Israel Football Association.


1928 Palestine Cup, Background
During this time there was also a national cup organised by the Maccabi organisation, the Magen Shimshon, but this only included Maccabi clubs.


1928 Palestine Cup, Results, First Round
The matches were played on 7 April 1928 and 14 April 1928.


1928 Palestine Cup, Results, Quarter-finals
The matches were played on 21 April 1928  and 28 April 1928. The Replay between Hapoel Haifa and British Police was played on 5 May 1928.


1928 Panamanian general election
General elections were held in Panama on 5 August 1928 to elect both a new President of the Republic and a new National Assembly.


1928 Panamanian general election, Background
Prior to the elections there was a split in the Liberal Party, resulting in two Liberal candidates for president. There was no Conservative candidate.


1928 Panamanian general election, Campaign
In 1928 President Rodolfo Chiari wrested control of the Liberal Party apparatus from Belisario Porras Barahona. The president also controlled four of seven posts on the national electoral board. The combination of these two factors gave Rodolfo Chiari nearly insurmountable powers and severely curbing his opponents' ability to compete effectively in elections.


1928 Panamanian general election, Aftermath
Immediately after President Arosemena's resignation on 2 January 1931, the Supreme Court decided that the election of the First, Second and Third Vice-Presidents in October, 1930, was unconstitutional and invited Ricardo Joaquín Alfaro Jované (Minister to the United States), who was elected First Vice-President in 1928, to become President of the Republic.


1928 Paraguayan Primera División season
The 1928 season of the Paraguayan Primera División, the top category of Paraguayan football, was played by 10 teams. The national champions were Olimpia.


1928 Paris–Roubaix
The 1928 Paris–Roubaix was the 29th edition of the Paris–Roubaix, a classic one-day cycle race in France. The single day event was held on 8 April 1928 and stretched 260 km (162 mi) from Paris to its end in a velodrome in Roubaix. The winner was André Leducq from France.


1928 Paris–Tours
The 1928 Paris–Tours was the 23rd edition of the Paris–Tours cycle race and was held on 22 April 1928. The race started in Paris and finished in Tours. The race was won by Denis Verschueren.


1928 Penn Quakers football team
The 1928 Penn Quakers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pennsylvania as an independent during the 1928 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Lou Young, the Quakers compiled an 8–1 record, shut out six of nine opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 271 to 26. The team played its home games at Franklin Field in Philadelphia.


1928 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The 1928 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented the Pennsylvania State University in the 1928 college football season. The team was coached by Hugo Bezdek and played its home games in New Beaver Field in State College, Pennsylvania.


1928 Persian legislative election
In the elections for the seventh Majlis, systematically rigged by the military and Interior ministry, handpicked representatives of Reza Shah were chosen to the parliament to ensure the exclusion of recalcitrants and "unsuitable candidates who insisted on running found themselves either in jail or banished from their localities".


1928 Persian legislative election
During the campaign, all public speeches were prohibited by police.


1928 Persian legislative election
Hassan Modarres who was Tehran's most voted deputy in the previous election, was expelled without even a single vote in his favor. He objected the results, famously asking "What about the vote that I had cast for myself?". Other candidates such as Mohammad Mossadegh, Hassan Taghizadeh and Hossein Ala' were not elected despite the demand for them.


1928 Persian legislative election
The royalist supporters of Reza Shah flourishing in Progress Party, were the majority of the parliament, dominating about 90% of the seats.


1928 Persian legislative election
The opposition was a minority with only two-seats held by Mohammad Farrokhi Yazdi representing Yazd and Mahmoud Reza Tolou of Lahijan.


1928 Peruvian Primera División
The 1928 Primera División was the 13th season of top-flight Peruvian football. A total of 19 teams competed in this league, with Alianza Lima successfully defending their title. The first Superclásico was contested in this season.


1928 Peruvian Primera División, Changes from 1927, Structural changes
The Peruvian Football Federation invited 11 teams to compete in the league and divided them into two groups. The top two in Group 1 and the top three in Group 2 advanced to the championship group. The relegation system was reintroduced.


1928 Peruvian Primera División, Changes from 1927, Promotion
11 teams were promoted to compete in the 1928 season. They were Sportivo Unión, Alianza Chorrillos, Santa Catalina, Lawn Tennis, Alberto Secada, Federación Universitaria, Jorge Washington, Alianza Callao, Jose Alaya, Jorge Chávez (C) and Unión.


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season
The 1928 Philadelphia Athletics season involved the A's finishing second in the American League with a record of 98 wins and 55 losses. The team featured seven eventual Hall-of-Fame players: Ty Cobb, Mickey Cochrane, Eddie Collins, Jimmie Foxx, Lefty Grove, Al Simmons, and Tris Speaker.


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season, Regular season
By this time, the nucleus of the 1929–31 dynasty was in place for the A's. The team featured three starters who were later elected into the Hall of Fame: catcher Mickey Cochrane and outfielders Al Simmons and Ty Cobb. Cochrane was voted league MVP. Simmons led the team with a .351 batting average and 107 RBI. Cobb, in his last major league season, hit .323 in 95 games. Jimmie Foxx, Tris Speaker, and Eddie Collins also saw playing time for the 1928 team.


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season, Regular season
The pitching staff, led by 24-game winner Lefty Grove, allowed the fewest runs in the AL.


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season, Regular season
The A's were in a hard fought pennant race with the New York Yankees this season. After trailing the Yankees by 13.5 games on July 1st, the A's caught fire with a 25-8 record in July and a 19-9 record in August. In September, the A's won the first 6 out of 8 games and on the 8th pulled into first place by 1/2 game by sweeping the Red Sox at Fenway Park in a doubleheader. However, on the very next day, the A's were swept by the Yankees in a doubleheader at Yankee Stadium to fall back into second place. The A's kept close on the Yankees heels, but couldn't overtake New York.


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Philadelphia Phillies season
The 1928 Philadelphia Phillies season was a season in Major League Baseball. The Phillies finished eighth in the National League with a record of 43 wins and 109 losses.


1928 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1928 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1928 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Philippine House of Representatives elections
The elections for the members of the House of Representatives were held on June 5, 1928 pursuant to the Philippine Organic Act of 1902 which prescribed elections for every three years. The ruling Nacionalista Consolidado retained their majority in the House of Representatives.


1928 Philippine Senate elections
Legislative elections happened on June 5, 1928, in the Philippines under the Jones Law provisions.


1928 Philippine Senate elections, Electoral system
In a staggered election, the seats of the senators who were first disputed in 1922 were up for election. The Philippines is divided into 12 senatorial districts, of which all districts save for the 12th district, has one of its seats up. In the 12th district, any vacancy is filled via appointment of the Governor-General. The election itself is via first-past-the-post.


1928 Philippine legislative election
Elections to the Philippine Legislature were held on June 5, 1928 pursuant to the Philippine Organic Act of 1902 which prescribed elections for every three years. Votes elected 94 members of the House of Representatives in the 1928 Philippine House of Representatives elections; and 24 members of the Senate in the 1928 Philippine Senate elections.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
The 1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pittsburgh as an independent during the 1928 college football season. In its fifth season under head coach Jock Sutherland, the team compiled a 6–2–1 record, shut out seven of its nine opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 177 to 15. The team played its eight home games at Pitt Stadium in Pittsburgh.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
Numerous changes in the Athletic Department of the University of Pittsburgh occurred during the spring and summer of 1928. On March 8, 1928 the Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees appointed W. D. Harrison, Dean of Men at the University of Pittsburgh since 1923, to the office of Director of Athletics. He replaced Elmer F. Blakeslee, who held the job less than a year and resigned for business reasons. In May, Karl E. Davis, longtime Graduate Manager of Athletics, resigned his position.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
His football scheduling duties had been usurped by the Athletic Director's office and he spent most of his time fulfilling his duties as the Alumni Secretary. The Graduate Manager position no longer existed. On July 28 Dr. Oliver R. Kendrick was named to replace his brother, Dr. Thomas R. Kendrick, as team physician. Thomas Kendrick, who died unexpectedly on April 17, was a former Pitt gridder, who earned his football letter in 1918 and also lettered in wrestling. Ollie De Victor, popular football trainer for 8 years, was replaced by George “Bud” Moore on September 1. Moore was Lafayette's trainer during Jock Sutherland's tenure. The Athletic Department appointed Dr. Zonar Wissinger and Dr. Roscoe "Skip" Gougler freshmen team coaches to replace H. Clifford Carlson.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
David Chester Stewart, a member of the class of 1929 in the School of Business Administration, was selected to be the 1928 Varsity Student Football Manager. The selection was made by a committee of five, made up of the Captain, the Coach, the Varsity Football Manager, the Assistant Athletic Director and the Graduate Manager.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The lettermen elected guard Alex Fox captain for the 1928 season.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
With the graduation of sixteen players from the 1927 Eastern Championship team, captain Fox and coach Sutherland had a tough assignment to get the Panthers to perform at the same level for the 1928 season. For this reason coach Sutherland wanted to open spring drills on March 19, but was delayed a week due to snow. Spring practice officially kicked off on March 26 with 87-100 aspiring lads vying for a spot on the team. Sutherland mused: "No coach has ever had a greener gang of candidates.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The team as a whole, is lacking the fundamentals of the game, but the two months of spring practice will enable them to be drilled at least in those points." At the conclusion of the spring drills coach Sutherland expressed the opinion that his first string was capable but the reserves needed experience. Alex Fox was quoted: "We aren't the same squad we were last year or anything like it, but we are a fighting squad that should come through. Of course, we won't have a perfect record, but at least Pitt will not be ashamed of her team."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The fifteenth annual fall practice at Camp Hamilton commenced on September 2. Fifty-two Pitt Panther athletes, hoping to earn a spot on the roster, spent two weeks learning the Sutherland system during the twice a day practice sessions. On the final day of camp the varsity garnered a 7 to 0 victory over the substitutes in the closing scrimmage game.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Thiel
Pitt beat Thiel all three previous times they played and out scored the Lutherans 106 to 0. Thiel coach Tommy Holleran, former Pitt star, had a veteran squad led by star quarterback Stan Berkman and reported his team to be 50 per cent stronger than last season.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Thiel
The Post-Gazette noted: "The Pitt squad ended four weeks of intensive training work yesterday, and no Panther team ever was in better physical trim. Bronzed and toughened by two weeks of conditioning work at their mountain training camp, followed by another two weeks devoted to the perfection of plays and formations, Sutherland's players are ready for their initial test of the season."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Thiel
Harry Keck of the Sun-Telegraph reported: "The University of Pittsburgh Panthers, making their first appearance of the 1928 gridiron campaign, before a crowd of about 7,000 students, alumni, youngsters and just fans, had to cut loose with everything they had to score a 20 to 0 victory over Dr. Tommy Holleran's valiant little band of football warriors from Thiel College, of Greenville, Pa, in the stadium Saturday."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Thiel
Pitt had a golden opportunity to score in the first period as Thiel halfback Suscavitch fumbled on his 21-yard line and Pitt tackle Mike Getto recovered. The Pitt offense advanced the ball to the 7-yard line but a holding call moved it back to the 22-yard line and a fumble by halfback Harold Williams turned the ball over to Thiel on their 21-yard line. At the end of the quarter, Pitt gained possession on their 43-yard line and advanced the ball to the Thiel 7-yard line when time expired. Toby Uansa scored on the first play of the second stanza.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Thiel
Charles Edwards missed the point after and Pitt led at halftime 6 to 0. The Thiel offense threatened to score in the third stanza but Edward Baker intercepted a pass on the 3-yard line and ran it out to the 41-yard line to thwart the drive. Pitt punted early in the fourth period and Thiel was guilty of clipping which gave the Panthers possession on the Lutherans 44-yard line. A 19 yard pass play from Uansa to Edwards, a 16 yard run by Parkinson and an offside penalty by Thiel took the ball to the 3-yard line.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Thiel
"Uansa slid off tackle to within inches of the goal line. Parkinson tore through left guard for a touchdown...Edwards drop-kicked the extra point." Pitt led 13 to 0. Pitt regained possession when Thiel back Schilling fumbled on second down and Jesse Crissinger recovered for the Panthers on the Thiel 28-yard line. Uansa scored his second touchdown of the afternoon on an eleven yard scamper around left end. He added the point after and Pitt earned a 20 to 0victory. Thiel finished the season with a 1-6-2 record and the Panthers and Lutherans would not meet again on the gridiron.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Thiel
The Pitt lineup for the opening game against Thiel was Joe Donchess (left end), Ray Montgomery (left tackle), Albert DiMeolo (left guard), Markley Barnes (center), Alex Fox (right guard), Mike Getto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Charles Edwards (quarterback), Toby Uansa (left halfback), Harold Williams (right halfback) and Tom Parkinson (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were James Scanlon, Charles Tully, Jesse Crissinger, Edward baker, Ernest Lewis, William Loehr, Bucky Wagner, Felix Wilps, William Walinchus, Reginald Bowen, Philip Goldberg, and Al Ciper.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Bethany
The Panthers second non-major opponent was the Bethany College Bison from Bethany, West Virginia. The Panthers led the all-time series 5-0 and out-scored the Bisons 141 to 0 in the process. The teams last met in 1917 with Pitt winning by a 40-0 margin. Former W. & J. halfback Furman Nuss was in his fourth year as coach, and had the Bisons 1-1 on the season. His squad bested Broaddus College from Philippi, West Virginia, 24 to 7 in their opener, and then, held W. & J. scoreless for a half before succumbing to the Presidents 24 to 0.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Bethany
The Post-Gazette was somewhat pessimistic: "Facing the strongest college team that has played in Pittsburgh in several seasons, Coach Jock Sutherland's Golden Pitt Panthers will meet their first hard test of the season this afternoon when they line up against a husky Bethany eleven. Captain Dale Fiers, Bethany's hard-hitting fullback, and Lund, a stellar punter, are expected to provide most of the visitor's punch."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Bethany
Jess Carver of the Sun-Telegraph was a realist as the college teams in Pittsburgh played their second game of the season. "Pittsburgh games include the Pitt-Bethany affair at the stadium and the Tech-Ashland fracas at Forbes Field. It depends on who you are as to how you'll regard the tussles. If you are disinterested, you'll probably classify them as setups for Pitt and Tech. If you are a student at either school, you'll naturally call'em tough ones. If you're from Bethany or Ashland, you'll rate the boys a uniform and teach them a prayer."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Bethany
The Bison had no defense as Pitt raced up and down the field scoring eight touchdowns and converting five extra points for a final tally of 53 to 0. Sophomore halfback Harold "Josh" Williams and Felix Wilps scored three touchdowns apiece, while Tom Parkinson and Philip Goldberg each added one. Charles Edwards converted 2 dropkick extra points and James Rooney was successful on all three of his placement attempts. The Panthers garnered 16 first downs to Bethany's 7, but the Panthers surrendered 105 yards on eleven penalties or the score may have been worse.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Bethany
The Post-Gazette noted: "Sutherland got an opportunity to use virtually every man on his squad. They did everything that a smart, powerful aggregation should do, and the thousands of fans left the stadium satisfied that Sutherland and his lads are going to enjoy another successful season."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Bethany
The Bison finished the season with a 1-6-1 record. Pitt and Bethany would not meet on the gridiron again until 1943.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Bethany
The Pitt lineup for the game against Bethany was Joe Donchess (left end), Charles Tully (left tackle), Alex Fox (left guard), Ray Montgomery (center), Albert DiMeolo (right guard), Mike Getto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Charles Edwards (quarterback), Toby Uansa (left halfback), Josh Williams (right hlfback) and Tom Parkinson (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were William Walinchus, Jesse Crissinger, Bucky Wagner, James Rooney, Felix Wilps, Al Ciper, William Loehr, James Scanlon, Ernest Lewis, Arthur Corson, Ted Helsing, M. Petrosky, Philip Goldberg, Daniel Fuge, Paul Greenberger, Edward Schultz, Nevin Faw, Robert Graham, Michael Uram and Frank Fischer.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
The first meaningful game on the schedule was against the Mountaineers of West Virginia. Fourth-year coach Ira Rodgers' eleven started the season with a 7 to 0 loss to Davis & Elkins College and then won their next two in preparation for the Panther tussle. Pitt led the all-time series by a 15-7-1 margin. "West Virginia University's husky squad is coming to the stadium Saturday with blood in its eye. Still smarting from that crushing 40 to 0 defeat administered by the championship Golden Panther team last season and with a veteran lineup to hurl against Coach Sutherland's new eleven, the Mountaineers are primed to make amends for the debacle of last year."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
Howard Linn, former Panther guard, scouted the Mountaineers victory over Haskell Institute for Coach Sutherland and reported: "Don't let the boys take West Virginia too lightly, they are tough! The Mountaineers had a clean cut victory over the Indians...they showed a lot of power and drive, and Captain Keefer is a line-plunging fool."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
Injured Pitt guard Albert DiMeolo was replaced by Ernest Lewis, otherwise Sutherland started the same lineup that scored fifty-three points against Bethany.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
Pitt fans unable to attend the game were able to listen to one of two local stations broadcasting the game. KQV had Ralph Hagner and Paul Miller giving the play-by-play while KDKA employed Louis Kaufman to describe the action.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
For the first time in five years, the Mountaineers won the backyard brawl as they earned a 9 to 6 comeback victory over the Pitt Panthers. Pitt started strong and marched the ball to the West Virginia 2-yard line before losing the ball on downs. In mid-second period the Panthers gained possession on their 13-yard line and running backs Toby Uansa, Tom Parkinson and Josh Williams advanced the ball the length of the field. Uansa slashed through left tackle from the seven for the touchdown. James Rooney's placement attempt was blocked. Pitt led 6 to 0 at halftime.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
Early in the second half the Panthers owned possession on the Mountaineer 47-yard line. Charles Edwards' attempted pass was intercepted by Edwin Bartrug and returned to the Pitt 4-yard line. "(Edward) Stumpp shot a pass over the right side of the line to (Nelson) Lang for the tying touchdown. Stumpp held the ball for Marshall (Little Sleepy) Glenn, who place-kicked for the extra point." West Virginia led 7 to 6. “From then on, however, Pitt's punch was lacking.”  The safety came late in the game as Rooney mishandled a bad pass from center and recovered the ball behind the end zone line. Final Score: West Virginia 9 to Pitt 6. The Mountaineers finished the season with an 8-2 record.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
The Pitt lineup for the game against West Virginia was Joe Donchess (left end), Charles Tully (left tackle), Alex Fox (left guard), Ray Montgomery (center), Ernest Lewis (right guard), Mike Getto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Charles Edwards (quarterback), Tobby Uansa (left Halfback), Josh Williams (right halfback) and Tom Parkinson (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were James Scanlon, Arthur Corson, Nevin Faw, Jesse Crissinger, Edward Baker, Albert DiMeolo, William Loehr, James Rooney, Reginald Bowen and William Walinchus.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
"Allegheny has new strength to offer stubborn resistance, while the Panthers have slackened the championship pace set by the 1927 team." Third-year coach Mel Merritt's Allegheny College Methodists came to Pittsburgh sporting a 2-1 record. They beat Mount Union and Westminster and then lost at Dartmouth. Several starters sustained injuries during the Dartmouth tussle but "Allegheny will present a tough lineup that will make the Panthers scramble."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
The Panthers lineup had halfback James Rooney starting in place of Toby Uansa.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
W. J. Farrell of The Press reported: "Pitt's 'Golden Panther' football team returned to its winning ways yesterday afternoon at the stadium, when it completely outplayed the Allegheny eleven to score a decisive and well-earned victory, 29 to 0."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
The Panthers established their dominance early as they received the kick-0ff and advanced the ball to the Allegheny 10-yard line. Tom Parkinson fumbled and the Methodists recovered but the Pitt defense held and forced a punt. Pitt regained possession on the Allegheny 38-yard line and Josh Williams, Rooney and Parkinson alternated running the ball to the one yard line. "Williams smashed over from the one on fourth down." Rooney botched the point after. Pitt 6 to Allegheny 0. At the start of the second stanza Pitt pinned the Methodists deep in their territory with a punt to the 9-yard line.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
The Pitt defense held and forced a punt. Pitt guard Albert DiMeolo blocked Garbark's punt into the end zone and Joe Donchess recovered for a touchdown. Rooney tacked on the extra point and Pitt led 13-0. Pitt kicked off and their defense again held the Methodists deep in their territory. Garback's punt was blocked by Pitt tackle Charles Tully, but Garbark was able to cover it in the end zone for a safety. Pitt led 15-0. Late in the half Rooney intercepted Nick Verano's pass at midfield and carried it to the Methodists 29-yard line.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
Five running plays carried the ball to the 2-yard line. "Parkinson smashed over for the score at right guard." Rooney's placement split the uprights and Pitt led at the half 22 to 0. The second half was a punting duel until the mid-fourth quarter when Pitt end Albert Guarino intercepted a pass by Allegheny halfback Dennison on the Methodist 29-yard line. William Walinchus replaced Parkinson at fullback and carried the ball five times, the last being a one yard scoring plunge into the end zone. Toby Uansa converted the point and Pitt won 29 to 0. Allegheny finished the season with a 4-3-1 record.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
The Pitt lineup for the game against Allegheny was Joe Donchess (left end), Charles Tully (left tackle), Alex Fox (left guard), Ray Montgomery (center), Albert DiMeolo (right guard), Mike Getto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Charles Edwards (quarterback), James Rooney (left halfback), Josh Williams (right halfback) and Tom Parkinson (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were William Walinchus, Jesse Crissinger, Toby Uansa, Edward Baker, Markley Barnes, Ernest Lewis, Arthur Corson and Reginald Bowen.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
"Western Pennsylvania's greatest football spectacle will be the attraction at the stadium Saturday, appropriately designated  'Pittsburgh Day,' by recent action of the city council, when Pitt and Carnegie Tech meet for the fifteenth annual city championship game." Tech is the favorite for the first time in the 15 game series history. The Tech eleven handled their three minor opponents (Westminster, Ashland and Thiel) easily and then shut out Washington & Jefferson 19-0 to earn their 4-0 record. The Tartan lineup boasted three All-Americans – quarterback Howard Harpster, end Theodore Rosenzweig and guard John Dreshar.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
Pitt held a commanding edge in the series 11-3 but the Tartans won 3 of the past 5. Coach Sutherland had to rearrange the backfield lineup due to Tom Parkinson's broken ribs. He started Edward Baker at quarterback and  moved Charles Edwards to fullback.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
"The Pittsburgh city football championship banner was carried back to the other side of Forbes Street last night in the gloom of a murky afternoon. Carnegie Tech vanquished Pitt in as thrilling and hard-fought an engagement as has ever been presented in Pitt stadium, but the Plaid takes little more glory from her 6 to 0 triumph than does the snarling Panther."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Pitt offense moved the ball but could not capitalize with a score. The Panthers had possession in Tech territory most of the first period. They had first down on the Tech 37-yard line but ended up punting. The next drive went to the Tartan 24-yard line and Baker fumbled. In the second quarter Mike Getto recovered a Tech fumble on the Tartan 23-yard line. Pitt lost the ball on downs. The Plaid then proceeded to advance the ball to the Panther 26-yard line where Baker intercepted Howard Harpster's pass to stop the drive.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
Score at halftime: Pitt 0 to Tech 0. At the start of the third quarter the Pitt defense forced a punt and the offense drove the ball to the Tech 11-yard line. The Tartan defense stiffened and regained possession on downs at their 16-yard line. Tech fumbled on first down and Getto recovered for Pitt on the Tech 24-yard line. Seven plays later Edwards missed a 20 yard field goal attempt and Tech started “the drive” from their 20-yard line. The third period ended with the ball on the Tech thirty-yard line first and ten.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
A running play followed by a pass from Harpster to Rosenzweig resulted in first down at the Pitt 47-yard line. Five straight running plays advanced the pigskin to the Pitt 29-yard line. On first down Harpster found Harvey Shaughency wide open for a 27 yard pass completion to the Pitt 2-yard line. "Tech was not to be denied" as Harpster plunged over for the touchdown on third down. Cyril Letzelter missed the point but Tech was City Champion for the fourth time in the past six years.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Pitt lineup for the game against Carnegie Tech was Joe Donchess (left end), Charles Tully (left tackle), Alex Fox (left guard), Ray Montgomery (center), Albert DiMeolo (right guard), Mike Getto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Edward baker (quarterback), Toby Uansa (left halfback), Josh Williams (right halfback) and Charles Edwards (Fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were William Walinchus and Frank Hood.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
Second year coach Lew Andreas brought his Syracuse Orange eleven to Pitt stadium for the first time on November 3. The last time the Panthers and Orange met was 1924 in Syracuse when the teams battled to a 7-7 tie. Pitt led the all-time series 4-2-2. The Orange had a 3-1-1 record on the season. They dispensed with their first three opponents easily but then lost a tight game (7-6) at Nebraska and tied Penn State (6-6) at State College.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
The Pittsburgh Press warned: “Capt. Hal Baysinger will lead his crack Syracuse team against Pitt's Panthers at the stadium Saturday, and if the big Orange team plays as it did against the Nebraska Cornhuskers a week ago, the Panthers are due for a long afternoon. Baysinger threw 32 aerials and completed 16 of them, one for a touchdown.”


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
Starting fullback Tom Parkinson was still nursing his ribs and was unable to play, so Coach Sutherland went with the same backfield that faced Carnegie Tech.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
The Rochester Democrat and Chronicle was blunt in its assessment: "Syracuse University was handed an 18-to-0 defeat here today by the University of Pittsburgh, the Panther having outplayed the New Yorkers in every department of the game. Pitt's winning qualities were manifest in both the backfield and on the line, while Syracuse's aerial game, centering around Captain Baysinger, was more or less a dud."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
Pitt received the kick-off and returned it to their 32-yard line. Five running plays and a short pass advanced the ball to the Syracuse 47-yard line. "(Josh) Williams got loose at right end and raced 47 yards to a touchdown. Stevens had challenged him on the 20 but Williams gave him a beautiful straight arm. Uansa missed the extra point from placement." Pitt led 6 to 0. Syracuse threatened twice in the first half but the Pitt defense held and turned the ball over on downs.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
The Panthers scored a touchdown late in the half but were offside and lost the ball on downs on the Syracuse 1-yard line. The Pitt offense spent the third period in Syracuse territory. On their first possession they lost the ball on downs on the Orange 7-yard line. On their second possession they advanced the ball to the Syracuse 4-yard line and fumbled. After an exchange of punts, Toby Uansa intercepted Baysinger's pass and carried it to the Syracuse 22-yard line.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
On second down - "On a perfect play where the Pitt interference blocked out every Syracuse man, Williams cut through right tackle for 18 and a touchdown." Uansa missed the point after and Pitt led 12 to 0. The Pitt defense forced a punt and Pitt had the ball on the Syracuse 39-yard line. Charles Edwards gained 3, Williams galloped 21 and Uansa gained 3 to the 13-yard line. "On a deceptive double pass play, Uansa threw a forward pass to (Joe) Donchess, who was loose over the goal line for a touchdown." With substitutes dominating both lineups, the fourth period was scoreless. Syracuse finished the season with a 4-4-1 record.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
Jock Sutherland spoke to the Sun-Telegraph: "Syracuse has traveled nearly 4,000 miles in the last two weeks and deserves all the credit in the world. They played hard today, but were tired and worn. Our boys were in good shape and I think our line deserves a lot of credit. I do not think we looked as well as we did against Tech, however. Don't disparage Syracuse; they have a good team."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Syracuse
The Pitt lineup for the game against Syracuse was Joe Donchess (left end), Charles Tully (left tackle), Alex Fox (left guard), Ray Montgomery (center), Albert DiMeolo (right guard), Mike Getto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Edward baker (quarterback), Toby Uansa (left halfback), Josh Williams (right halfback) and Charles Edwards (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Arthur Corson, James Scanlon, William Walinchus, James Rooney, Reginald Bowen, William Loehr, Ernest Lewis, Bucky Wagner, Markley Barnes, Jesse Crissinger, Frank Hood, Felix Wilps, Nevin Faw, Philip Goldberg and Paul Greenberger.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Washington & Jefferson, Pitt's oldest rival, was chosen as the opponent for the first University of Pittsburgh homecoming game. The Presidents and Panthers each had 13 victories in the series and battled to a scoreless tie the past two seasons. The Presidents led by third-year coach Andy Kerr were having an off year with a record of 2-3-1, but were encouraged by the 13-13 tie with Lafayette in their previous game. "Coach Kerr has pointed for the Pitt game all season. He has risked defeat by holding his best men out of the last two games to have them in shape for the Panthers." Captain Carl Aschman and All-American tackle Forrest Douds anchors of the Presidents' line are "two of the greatest linemen ever turned out in this district."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The Panthers came through the Syracuse victory unscathed injury-wise, so Coach Sutherland started the same lineup against the Presidents.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
W. D. Harrison, Director of Athletics, addressed the alumni in the game program:


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"This is the first football game to be set aside as a homecoming game. Many of the alumni are with us today. We welcome them back to the University and to the Stadium. It is their University and their Stadium. We hope that as years go by, more and more of them will come back to say hello to us and to watch their teams play. To win and to succeed, we need their help. And we know that we can count on that help. Therefore, we say welcome not only for this Homecoming game but for the countless ones to come."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"The University of Pittsburgh defeated Washington and Jefferson College 25 to 0 this afternoon, in the stadium. The Washingtonians were completely outclassed by the Golden Panthers and were able to make but one first down during the game. This came late in the last period when Coach Sutherland's second stringers were playing on the line."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The first quarter was a punting duel on the snow-covered field. Early in the second period Tom Parkinson replaced Charles Edwards at fullback and Edwards replaced Edward Baker at his regular quarterback position and the offense was able to advance the ball. Pitt gained possession on their 28-yard line. On first down "Parkinson broke through right tackle and ran to the Wash. & Jeff. 24, a gain of 48 yards."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Four rushes moved the ball to the 8-yard line and Josh "Williams broke through a hole at right tackle and with fine blocking on the part of his mates, crossed the goal line without a hostile tackler touching him." A bad snap botched the extra point. Pitt led at halftime 6 to 0. Early in the third stanza Pitt blocked a W. & J. punt and Joe Donchess recovered on the Presidents 13-yard line. Toby Uansa gained 4 yards on first down.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Parkinson carried the ball five straight plays, finally plunging over from the one inch line for the second touchdown of the game. The extra point attempt was an incomplete pass. Pitt 12 to W. & J. 0. Late in the quarter Pitt gained possession on the W. & J. 41-yard line. When time expired the Panthers had the ball on the Presidents 3-yard line. First play of the final stanza, "Uansa slid off left tackle for a touchdown. Edwards place-kicked the extra point." Pitt led 19 to 0. In the waning moments of the contest James Rooney scampered 14 yards for the final score of the day. Rooney's placement was blocked. The Panthers won their first Homecoming game 25 to 0.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Coach Kerr of the Presidents praised the Panthers: "They're a great team, those Panthers. We were outplayed, but I know that our boys played as well as they knew how. We were simply outclassed." The Presidents finished the season with a 2-5-2 record.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The Pitt lineup for the game against Washington & Jefferson was Joe Donchess (left end), Charles Tully (left tackle), Alex Fox (left guard), Ray Montgomery (center), Albert DiMeolo (right guard), MikeGetto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Edward Baker (quarterback), Toby Uansa (left halfback), Josh Williams (right halfback) and Charles Edwards (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Tom Parkinson, James Rooney, William Walinchus, William Loehr, James Scanlon, Ernest Lewis, Reginald Bowen, Bucky Wagner, Arthur Corson, Markley Barnes, Frank Hood, Jesse Crissinger, Philip Goldberg, Paul Greenberger and Felix Wilps.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Nebraska
Twenty-eight Panthers left Pittsburgh Wednesday (November 14) night on the train headed for Chicago. A workout was arranged at the University of Chicago's Stagg Field on Thursday afternoon. Thursday evening the entourage entrained for Omaha, Nebraska, where Friday the Panthers held their practice indoors due to inclement weather conditions. Saturday morning they arrived in Lincoln to battle the undefeated Nebraska Cornhuskers. The all-time series was tied at a game apiece, with Pitt winning last season 21 to 13.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Nebraska
"It will be just one year to the day that the Cornhuskers have waited for an opportunity to square accounts with Pitt, but a year is quite a while, at that, especially in Nebraska, where it is unlawful to lose football games." Fourth-year coach Ernest Bearg had his team 6-0 on the season and in contention for the national championship. The Cornhuskers lineup boasted two All-Americans - guard Danny McMullen and fullback Blue Howell.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Nebraska
Cy Sherman of The Lincoln Star was disappointed: "The whoop-las and the hur-rahs that hopeful Nebraskans were planning to let loose Saturday afternoon at the state university Memorial stadium will have to be reserved for another day. An undefeated and untied Cornhusker football team, in the front rank of the running for national championship laurels, stepped out in defense of its record against an exasperated outfit of Pitt U. Panthers and could get nothing better than a 0-0 tie."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Nebraska
Harry Scott in his book Jock Sutherland noted: "The game against a superior Nebraska team, was rated as one of the great upsets of the year....Nebraska had been universally picked to win by three touchdowns, so it was more than a surprise when the Panthers sent the Cornhuskers home without even a first down to their credit."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Nebraska
The Panthers threatened to score in the second quarter, as they advanced the ball from the Nebraska 48-yard line to the 13-yard line, but turned the ball over on downs. Neither team was in scoring position for the remainder of the game. Nebraska did not attempt a forward pass and was out-rushed by the Panthers 175 yards to 52 yards. Pitt earned 8 first downs to 0 for the Huskers.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Nebraska
"The Cornhuskers played the game like an outfit of dead men," Coach Berg declared, following the fray. "They were completely down both mentally and physically, and were outgeneraled and out-talked in every period. I feared it was coming, as the strain of keeping the squad keyed up for five hard games was more than our men could stand. Pitt has a fine club and the Panthers played the game smartly." The Huskers finished the season with a 7-1-1 record.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Nebraska
The Pitt lineup for the game against Nebraska was Joe Donchess (left end), Charles Tully (left tackle), Alex Fox (left guard), Ray Montgomery (center), Albert DiMeolo (right guard), Mike Getto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Charles Edwards (quarterback), Toby Uansa (left halfback), Josh Williams (right halfback) and Tom Parkinson (fullback). No substitutes for Pitt were used in this game.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Pitt and Penn State met for the 31st time on Thanksgiving Day to end the 1928 football season. The Panthers led the series 15-12-3 and Penn State last won in 1919. Penn State's record was 3-4-1 due to an excessive number of injuries, but Coach Hugo Bezdek's Lions were in top form for the Panthers.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
"The Golden Panthers were granted a two-day respite following their scoreless tie with Nebraska and are in excellent shape for the final engagement. Coach Sutherland will have his squad at peak strength for the game." Unlike last year when eight Panther starters suited up for the final time against Penn State, this year only three starters (Captain Alex Fox, end Albert Guarino and tackle Mike Getto) will play their final game as a Panther on Thanksgiving.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Pitt Panthers continued their mastery over the Nittany Lions with a 26 to 0 drubbing at the stadium. Halfback Toby Uansa set the tone with a 100-yard return of the opening kick-off. "It was a brilliant piece of running, but only because of excellent interference." Charles Edwards converted the point after and Pitt led 7 to 0 after 15 seconds. In the second period the Panther offense marched 60 yards to pay dirt.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Tom Parkinson plunged through left guard for the tally from the one foot line, and James Rooney converted the point after for a 14 to 0 Pitt lead at halftime. Penn State did not have a first down in the first half. Penn State had possession to start the third stanza, but Uansa intercepted Alfred Wolff's pass and Pitt had the ball on the State 48-yard line. On second down Uansa scampered 44 yards for his second touchdown. Edwards missed the point after and Pitt led 20-0 after three quarters. Coach Sutherland made wholesale substitutions in the final period.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The final touchdown came after State quarterback Joseph Miller fumbled a punt and William Walinchus recovered on the State 22-yard line. Six running plays advanced the ball to the one and Frank Hood "flung himself over for a touchdown." Uansa missed the placement and Pitt beat Penn State 26 to 0 for their seventh straight victory in the series. Penn State wrapped up their season with a 3-5-1 record.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Pitt lineup for the game against Penn State was Joe Donchess (left end), Charles Tully (left tackle), Alex Fox (left guard), Ray Montgomery (center), Albert DiMeolo (right guard), Mike Getto (right tackle), Albert Guarino (right end), Charles Edwards (quarterback), Toby Uansa (left halfback), Josh Williams (right halfback) and Tom Parkinson (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Arthur Corson, Edward Baker, James Rooney, Felix Wilps, Ernest Lewis, James Scanlon, William Walinchus, Markley Barnes, Frank Hood,Bucky Wagner, William Loehr, Philip Goldberg, Paul Greenberger and Reginald Bowen.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Ralph Davis, sports editor of The Pittsburgh Press penned a prophetic column after watching the game: "Will the time come when the Panthers will give the Pittsburgh public some other attraction than State College on Turkey Day?" was his main theme. "Unkind as it may sound, it is nevertheless a fact that the Center countians are not the drawing card they used to be on the Pitt schedule... It is no secret that the football public is not looking for walkovers. It wants games that are real battles, especially on a holiday...State hasn't won since 1919.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Since then she has twice held the Panthers to scoreless ties, and on seven other occasions she has been rather badly beaten... Since 1912 Pitt has beaten State 13 times, lost one and played two ties. In that period the locals have tallied a total of 289 points, and State has made but 54.... It was really astounding to an old follower of football, to note the lack of color and deadness of the crowd."


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
On December 2, 1928, Athletic Director W. D. Harrison announced the 1929 football schedule. Three away games ( Nebraska, Duke, Allegheny) and six home games (Waynesburg, West Virginia, Ohio State, Washington & Jefferson, Carnegie Tech, Penn State) gave the Panther fans an attractive slate of games to look forward to.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
The following players were awarded their letter by the athletic council at the team banquet: Captain Alex Fox, Tom Parkinson, Charles Edwards, Josh Williams, Toby Uansa, Ray Montgamery, Albert DiMeolo, Mike Getto, Charles Tully, Philip Goldberg, Joe Donchess, Albert Guarino, James Scanlon, Edward Baker, William Walinchus, Markley Barnes, Arthur Corson, James Rooney and manager Dave Stewart. The lettermen then chose guard Albert DiMeolo captain for the 1929 season.


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason, All-American selections
Mike Getto - tackle (1st team Collier's Weekly (Grantland Rice); 1st team Newspaper Enterprise Association by Henry Farrell; 2nd team Associated Press; 2nd team United Press by Frank Getty; 1st team Intersectional Board of Coaches; 1st team Lawrence Perry, New York sportswriter)


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason, All-American selections
Joe Donchess – end (2nd team Intersectional Board of Coaches; 1st team Lawrence Perry, New York sportswriter; Honorable Mention Associated Press) College Football Hall Of Fame


1928 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason, All-American selections
Alex Fox - guard (3rd team Intersectional Board of Coaches;)


1928 Pittsburgh Pirates season
The 1928 Pittsburgh Pirates season was the 47th season in franchise history. The team scored the most runs in the National League. However, they also allowed the third most and slipped down to fourth place in the standings.


1928 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Regular season
During the season, Burleigh Grimes became the last pitcher to win at least 25 games in one season for the Pirates in the 20th century.


1928 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1928 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1928 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1928 Polish legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 4 March 1928, with Senate elections held a week later on 11 March. The Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government, a coalition of the Sanation faction - won the highest number of seats in the Sejm (125 out of 444) and 48 out of 111 in the Senate–in both cases, short of a majority. Unlike latter elections during the Sanation era, opposition parties were allowed to campaign with only a few hindrances, and also gained a significant number of seats. The 1928 election is generally considered the last free election in Poland until 1989 or 1991, depending on the source.


1928 Polish legislative election, Background
The 1928 elections were the first elections after Józef Piłsudski's May Coup in 1926. Thirty-four parties took part in the 1928 elections. Piłsudski was supported by the Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government (BBWR) led by Walery Sławek, which campaigned for a more authoritative government, declaring its total support for Piłsudski and proclaiming itself to be a patriotic, non-partisan and pro-government formation.


1928 Polish legislative election, Background
Other factions in contemporary Polish politics and their primary parties included: the Left, consisting of the Polish Socialist Party of Ignacy Daszyński; the Communist Party, two Polish People's Party factions (the Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" of Jan Woźnicki and Stronnictwo Chłopskie of Jan Dąbski); the Right (endecja, represented by the Popular National Union of Stanisław Głąbiński); the Center, composed of the PSL faction, Christian Democracy of Wojciech Korfanty and the National Workers' Party of Adam Chadzyński; and finally, the Minorities, represented by the Bloc of National Minorities.


1928 Polish legislative election, Background
The government applied much pressure to ensure victory for its candidates. Propaganda media were distributed, Sanation supporters tried to break up opposition rallies and some opposition lists and candidates were declared invalid by ostensibly neutral government institutions. Pressure was put on state employees to vote for the BBWR and to participate in its electoral campaign. Public funds were diverted to the BBWR, which had ready use of government facilities.


1928 Polish legislative election, Background
Despite these irregularities, opposition parties were still able to campaign and put forward candidates, and the results were not falsified. For these reasons, the 1928 election is reckoned as the last even partially free election held during the Second Polish Republic, and the last free elections of any sort held in Poland until 1989 (or 1991). The last three elections held before World War II were all rigged in favour of the Sanation forces (the BBWR in 1930 and 1935, the Camp of National Unity in 1938). By the time of the first elections after the return of peace, in 1947, a Communist regime was rapidly consolidating.


1928 Polish legislative election, Ethnoreligious voting analysis
According to Kopstein and Wittenberg, 45% of the majority Catholic population voted for non-revolutionary left-wing parties, 16% for the Pro-Pilsudski bloc and 15% for right-wing parties.


1928 Polish legislative election, Ethnoreligious voting analysis
The 1928 vote has been studied in relation to the Zydokomuna narrative which portrays the major ethnic minority blocs of Jews as well as Ukrainians and Belarusians as fifth columns and reservoirs of communist support. After the 1921 these minorities were totally excluded from cabinet positions and parties self-identifying as "Polish" refused to form governments with minority interest parties although they had captured 24% of the vote together in 1922, which among other factors led to ethnic polarization.


1928 Polish legislative election, Ethnoreligious voting analysis
Elements of Poland's pre-1918 political elite had discussed the creation of a federal arrangement with regional autonomy for minorities, but after 1922 these plans were scrapped in favor of a unitary state with "less than adequate protefction of cultural and education rights for the countries Germans, Ukrainians, Belarusians and Jews". Soviet propaganda tried to convince Belarusians, Ukrainians and Jews that their cultures and national aspirations could be better protected within the Soviet state.


1928 Polish legislative election, Ethnoreligious voting analysis
However, the response to this Soviet overture varied between Ukrainian Uniates, Ukrainian Orthodox, Belarusian Orthodox, and Jews. All four groups, according to analysis by Kopstein and Wittenberg, faced the problem of how best to react to a centralizing and nationalizing state which at various points pursued policies of either accommodation, assimilation or discrimination, with the response of the minorities varying between attempts at "exiting" the state, trying to persuade the state to change its behavior, or by asserting loyalty to the state.


1928 Polish legislative election, Ethnoreligious voting analysis
The combination of discrimination, Soviet interference, and the lack of a prior national movement radicalized Belarusian politics such that support for centre-left and minority interest parties gave way to the heaviest support for communists. Overall the 44% of the Orthodox vote that went to communists is estimated to also have included the Ukrainian Orthodox, who based on data from Volhynia and Polesia are estimated to have yielded 25% of their vote to communist parties, meaning the Belarusian level of support must have been higher than 44%. On the other hand, Uniate Ukrainians and Jews were mostly unconvinced by Soviet overtures.


1928 Polish legislative election, Ethnoreligious voting analysis
The Uniates instead held to minority interest parties. Among the Jewish population, support for minority parties fell from 65% in 1922 to 33%, while a plurality of Jews voted for Pilsudski's bloc. Despite the prevalent "Judeo-communist" myth, and although Jews were prominent in the leadership of communist institutions, 93% of Jews did not support communists at "the height of communist appeal" before Stalin consolidated absolute power, and furthermore only 14% of the communist vote came from Jews, less than the 16% which was from Catholics.


1928 Polish legislative election, Ethnoreligious voting analysis
Instead, Jews were the strongest ethnic bastion of support for the Pilsudski government, moreso than both other minorities and the Polish majority, with no significant regional differences in the political behavior. Kopstein and Wittenberg argue their data show that "Even in the face of both public and private prejudice... Most Jews were thus politically neither "internationalist" nor ethnically exclusionary, as a large vote For the minority parties in 1928 would have in- dicated. Rather they were casting their lot with the Polish state." An alternative explanation holds instead that Jews turned to Pilsudski as a protector in an increasingly volatile political scene.


1928 Polish legislative election, Aftermath
The BBWR government bloc won the highest number of seats (125 out of 444 in Sejm (Polish parliament) - 28.12% of the total, and 48 out of 111 in the Senate of Poland - 43.24% of the total); the opposition parties, however, gained a majority of the remaining seats, with the left - including Polish Communists - doing much better than the traditional Polish Right.


1928 Polish legislative election, Aftermath
Groth notes that the elections showed a progressively increasing fragmentation of the Polish electorate; a steady and significant increase in the proportion of ethnic minority voting; the rapid rise of the Polish Socialist Party as a major force within the far less stable and cohesive Polish Left; and the substantial weakening of the Right by Piłsudski's supporters, as the BBWR, despite its claims of being above traditional party divisions in fact attracted support mostly from the Right.


1928 Polish legislative election, Aftermath
Although the opposition to Sanation failed to gain control of the Sejm, it was able to show its strength and prevent Sanation from taking control of the Sejm. This convinced Piłsudski and his supporters that more drastic measures had to be taken in dealing with the opposition. Opposition politicians became increasingly persecuted and threatened.


1928 Polish legislative election, Aftermath
Opposition parties formed the Centrolew coalition to oppose the government of Sanation. Their actions led to a vote of no confidence for the Sanation government and dissolution of the parliament. New elections were held in 1930; however, the Sanation succeeded in having many Centrolew politicians arrested; and the 1930 elections are not considered free.


1928 Portuguese presidential election
The 1928 Portuguese presidential election was held on 25 March. Óscar Carmona ran unopposed.


1928 Pottsville Maroons season
The 1928 Pottsville Maroons season was their fourth in the league and their last before changing their name to the Boston Bulldogs. The team failed to improve on their previous league output of 5–8, winning only two games. They finished eighth in the league.


1928 Pottsville Maroons season, Standings
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.