1932–33 Texas Longhorns men's basketball team
The 1932–33 Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represented The University of Texas at Austin in intercollegiate basketball competition during the 1932–33 season. The Longhorns were led by second-year head coach Ed Olle and captained by future Longhorn football head coach Ed Price. The team finished the season with a 22–1 record and was retroactively named the national champion by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll.


1932–33 Toronto Maple Leafs season
The 1932–33 Toronto Maple Leafs season was the team’s 16th season in the National Hockey League (NHL).


1932–33 Toronto Maple Leafs season, Regular season, Final standings
Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, GF = Goals For, GA = Goals Against, Pts = Points       Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold.


1932–33 Toronto Maple Leafs season, Playoffs
The Maple Leafs met the Boston Bruins in the second round in a best of five series and won 3–2. In the finals, they lost to the Rangers in a best of five series 3–1.


1932–33 Torquay United F.C. season
The 1932–33 Torquay United F.C. season was Torquay United's sixth season in the Football League and their sixth consecutive season in Third Division South. The season runs from 1 July 1932 to 30 June 1933.


1932–33 Torquay United F.C. season, Overview
After finishing in 19th place in their previous Third Division South campaign, it was clear that Torquay United needed to make major changes if they had any intentions of challenging for promotion to the Second Division. However, believing the club lacked the ambition to do so, manager Frank Womack left Torquay at the end of the 1931–32 season. His replacement was Frank Brown who had played for the Magpies in their non-League days and had subsequently become a trainer under Percy Mackrill and then Womack.


1932–33 Torquay United F.C. season, Overview
His first task was to rebuild the team, replacing stalwarts such as Bob Smith, Jack Butler and Laurie Millsom with newer, younger faces. Of the team which lined up on the opening match of the season against Coventry City, eight out of the starting eleven were debutants, with new goalkeeper Percy Maggs and centre back Jack Tennant becoming ever-presents throughout the campaign, as was right half Ted Anderson who had joined the Magpies for the second half of the previous season.


1932–33 Torquay United F.C. season, Overview
While two draws and two defeats in their opening four games suggested the unfamiliar team had yet to find their feet, an 8–1 victory over Southend United at Plainmoor in early September certainly helped the squad to settle into the new season. Torquay would prove to be particularly strong at home with only two defeats at Plainmoor throughout the entire season. However, away from home it was a slightly different story with the team suffering twelve losses and only four victories on the road.


1932–33 Torquay United F.C. season, Overview
Nevertheless, by the penultimate game of the season, Torquay's excellent home form had propelled them up to 8th position in the table and a victory against Queens Park Rangers on the final day could have seen the club finish in an unprecedented 5th place. As it was, a 1–1 draw at the White City Stadium and with other results going against them, the Magpies had to ultimately settle for 10th place, which was still the club's best finish in the League to date.


1932–33 Torquay United F.C. season, Overview
Inevitably, with a much improved side, the Torquay players began attracting attention from other clubs. At the end of the season both Jack Tennant and Alf Gray were sold to First Division side Liverpool, while Ted Anderson was also lured away to Second Division West Ham United. Perhaps most heartbreaking of all to the Plainmoor faithful was the departure of Dartmouth born right winger Ralph Birkett. After 98 appearances and 20 goals for Torquay, the 20-year-old Birkett was sold to eventual First Division champions Arsenal, with manager Herbert Chapman willing to pay the significant amount of £1,588 to secure his services. After later joining Middlesbrough, Birkett would go on to play for England in 1935.


1932–33 Torquay United F.C. season, Overview
Although losing such key players was a blow to the club, there was at least some hope for the future with the arrival of Don Welsh. The talented young centre half would soon develop into another Torquay legend and gave reason enough for Frank Brown to confident for the coming season.


1932–33 Tranmere Rovers F.C. season
Tranmere Rovers F.C. played the 1932–33 season in the Football League Third Division North. It was their 12th season of league football, and they finished 11th of 22. They reached the Fourth Round of the FA Cup.


1932–33 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team
The 1932–33 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles during the 1932–33 NCAA men's basketball season and were members of the Pacific Coast Conference. The Bruins were led by 12th year head coach Caddy Works. They finished the regular season with a record of 10–11 and were fourth in the southern division with a record of 1–10.


1932–33 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team, Previous season
The Bruins finished the regular season with a record of 9–6 and were third in the southern division with a record of 4–5.


1932–33 United States collegiate men's ice hockey season
The 1932–33 United States collegiate men's ice hockey season was the 38th season of collegiate ice hockey in the United States.


1932–33 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
The 1932–33 Washington Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Washington for the 1932–33 NCAA college basketball season. Led by thirteenth-year head coach Hec Edmundson, the Huskies were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus at the UW Pavilion in Seattle, Washington.


1932–33 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
The Huskies were 22–6 overall in the regular season and 10–6 in conference play; second in the Northern division.


1932–33 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
The National Invitation Tournament (NIT) debuted in 1938, and the NCAA Tournament in 1939.


1932–33 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
The 1932–33 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team represented Washington State College for the 1932–33 college basketball season. Led by fifth-year head coach Jack Friel, the Cougars were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus at WSC Gymnasium in Pullman, Washington.


1932–33 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
The Cougars were 14–11 overall in the regular season and 6–10 in conference play, tied for third in the Northern division.


1932–33 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team
The National Invitation Tournament (NIT) debuted in 1938, and the NCAA Tournament in 1939.


1932–33 Welsh Cup
The 1932–33 FAW Welsh Cup is the 52nd season of the annual knockout tournament for competitive football teams in Wales.


1932–33 Welsh Cup, Second round
16 winners from the First round plus six new clubs.


1932–33 Welsh Cup, Third round
Eleven winners form the Second round plus 13 new clubs.


1932–33 Welsh Cup, Fourth round
12 clubs from the Third round plus two new clubs.


1932–33 Welsh Cup, Fifth round
Six clubs from the Fourth round. Merthyr Town get a bye to the Sixth round.


1932–33 Welsh Cup, Sixth round
Three winners from the Fifth round, Merthyr Town plus 12 new teams.


1932–33 West Ham United F.C. season
The 1932–33 season was West Ham's first season back in the Second Division following their relegation in the previous season. The club were managed at the start of the season by Syd King.


1932–33 West Ham United F.C. season, Season summary
Two days after losing their ninth game of the season, on 7 November King was sacked. He was replaced by Charlie Paynter. King who was reputed to have had problems with alcohol and had previously turned up at board meetings drunk and had taken West Ham's relegation the previous season badly such that it had affected his mental health. A month after his sacking, King committed suicide by drinking alcohol laced with a "corrosive substance". An inquest into his death concluded that he had been suffering from paranoia and that he had taken his life "whilst of unsound mind".


1932–33 West Ham United F.C. season, Season summary
In the league, they finished in 20th place just one place above a relegation spot having not been higher than 16th all season. Their defence was the poorest in the league ranking 22nd letting in 93 goals at an average of 2.21 goals every game. A run of four wins in their last five games moved them out of the relegation places with one game of the season remaining. This included their only away win of the season, at Old Trafford against Manchester United.


1932–33 West Ham United F.C. season, Season summary
The winning goal in a 2-1 victory was scored by Arthur Wilson who many years later recalled the goal; "It was a real belter from 30 yards. The ball hit the underside of the bar and struck the goalkeeper on the back of the neck before crossing the line. The force of the shot knocked him to the floor". The players were promised a continental tour if they managed to beat relegation. This did not materialize.


1932–33 West Ham United F.C. season, Season summary
The club's top scorer was Vic Watson with 28 goals; 24 in the league and four in the FA Cup.


1932–33 West Ham United F.C. season, Season summary
West Ham reached the semi-final of the FA Cup before losing to Everton whose goals were scored by Dixie Dean and Ted Critchley. Everton went on to contest, and win, an all Lancashire final against Manchester City.


1932–33 West Ham United F.C. season, Squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1932–33 Western Football League
The 1932–33 season was the 36th in the history of the Western Football League.


1932–33 Western Football League
The Division One champions for the second time in their history were Exeter City Reserves. The winners of Division Two were the returning Swindon Town Reserves. There was again no promotion or relegation between the two divisions this season.


1932–33 Western Football League, Final tables, Division One
After Plymouth Argyle Reserves left the league, Division One was increased from eight to nine clubs, with two new clubs joining:


1932–33 Western Football League, Final tables, Division Two
Division Two remained at eighteen clubs after Coleford Athletic left and one new team joined:


1932–33 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers basketball team
The 1932–33 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers men's basketball team represented Western Kentucky State Normal School and Teachers College during the 1932-33 NCAA basketball season. The team was led by future Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame coach Edgar Diddle and team captain Wendell Johnson. The Hilltoppers won the Kentucky Intercollegiate Athletic Conference for the second consecutive year. Harry Hardin, Thomas Hobbs, and future Louisville Cardinals men's basketball coach, Bernard “Peck” Hickman were named to the All-State team.


1932–33 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team
The 1932–33 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team represented the College of William & Mary in intercollegiate basketball during the 1932–33 season. Under the fourth year of head coach John Kellison (who concurrently served as the head football and baseball coach), the team finished the season with a 13–5 record. This was the 28th season of the collegiate basketball program at William & Mary, whose nickname is now the Tribe. William & Mary played the season as an independent.


1932–33 Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball team
The 1932–1933 Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball team represented University of Wisconsin–Madison. The head coach was Walter Meanwell, coaching his nineteenth season with the Badgers. The team played their home games at the UW Fieldhouse in Madison, Wisconsin and was a member of the Big Ten Conference.


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup
The 1932–33 Yorkshire Cup was the fifteenth occasion on which the  Yorkshire Cup competition had been held.


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup
Leeds won the trophy by beating Wakefield Trinity by the score of 8-0


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup
The match was played at Fartown, Huddersfield, now in West Yorkshire. The attendance was 17,685 and receipts were £1,183


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup
This was Leeds' third of six victories in a period of ten years, during which time they won every Yorkshire Cup final in which they appeared


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup, Background
This season there were no junior/amateur clubs taking part, no new entrants and no "leavers" and so the total of entries remained the  same at fifteen.


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup, Background
This in turn resulted in one bye in the first round.


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup, Competition and Results, Final, Teams and Scorers
Scoring - Try = three (3) points - Goal = two (2) points - Drop goal = two (2) points


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments
1 * Fartown was the home ground of Huddersfield from 1878 to the end of the 1991-92 season to Huddersfield Town FC's Leeds Road stadium, and then to the McAlpine Stadium in 1994. Fartown remained as a sports/Rugby League ground but is now rather dilapidated, and is only used for staging amateur rugby league games.


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments, General information for those unfamiliar
The Rugby League Yorkshire Cup competition was a knock-out competition between (mainly professional) rugby league clubs from  the  county of Yorkshire. The actual area was at times increased to encompass other teams from  outside the  county such as Newcastle, Mansfield, Coventry, and even London (in the form of Acton & Willesden.


1932–33 Yorkshire Cup, Notes and comments, General information for those unfamiliar
The Rugby League season always (until the onset of "Summer Rugby" in 1996) ran from around August-time through to around May-time and this competition always took place early in the season, in the Autumn, with the final taking place in (or just before) December (The only exception to this was when disruption of the fixture list was caused during, and immediately after, the two World Wars)


1932–33 Yugoslav Football Championship
The 1932–33 Yugoslav Football Championship (Serbo-Croato-Slovenian: Državno prvenstvo 1932/33 / Државно првенство 1932/33) was the 11th season of Kingdom of Yugoslavia's premier football competition.


1932–33 in Belgian football
The 1932–33 season was the 33rd season of competitive football in Belgium. RU Saint-Gilloise won their 9th Premier Division title.


1932–33 in Belgian football, Overview
At the end of the season, RFC Brugeois and Berchem Sport were relegated to the Division I, while Belgica FC Edegem (Division I A winner) and R Tilleur FC (Division I B winner) were promoted to the Premier Division. The Promotion was won by CS Saint-Josse, Cappellen FC, Wallonia Namur and Patria FC Tongres. The four clubs were promoted to the Division I while R Knokke FC, Oude God Sport, RFC Montegnée and EFC Hasselt were relegated from the Division I to the Promotion.


1932–33 in English football
The 1932–33 season was the 58th season of competitive football in England. For the second time in three seasons, Arsenal were crowned league champions, building on a start of just one defeat in the first fourteen games. They clinched the crown with a 3–1 win at Chelsea in April 1933. Meanwhile, Stoke City ended their nine-year wait for top flight promotion by attaining First Division status after winning an impressive 56 points over the campaign. Hull City and Brentford were also promoted. Everton won their second FA Cup defeating Manchester City 3–0 in the final. Lower league Walsall provided the surprise by knocking out Arsenal in an earlier round.


1932–33 in English football, Events
5 November 1932 - Gillespie Road station on the London Underground - the station local to Arsenal Stadium - is renamed to Arsenal  (Highbury Hill), on the suggestion of Arsenal manager Herbert Chapman. By 1960, the station would become Arsenal tube station. It is the only Tube station named directly after a football club.


1932–33 in English football, Honours
Notes = Number in parentheses is the times that club has won that honour. * indicates new record for competition


1932–33 in Mandatory Palestine football
The 1932–33 season was the 6th season of competitive football in the British Mandate for Palestine under the Eretz Israel Football Association and the 1st under the Arab Palestine Sports Federation.


1932–33 in Mandatory Palestine football, IFA Competitions, 1932–33 Palestine League
Due to a dispute between Hapoel and Maccabi the 1932–33 Palestine League, which started on 29 October 1932, was played with Maccabi teams only. After the dispute was settled in early 1933, the league was abandoned.


1932–33 in Mandatory Palestine football, IFA Competitions, 1933 Palestine Cup
The cup was contested by Jewish clubs only, as Arab and British teams didn't enter the competition. Both Tel Aviv clubs reached the final, Maccabi winning by a single late goal.


1932–33 in Mandatory Palestine football, Arab Palestine Sports Federation
A national league was organized for Arab clubs, which was won by Arab Sports Club from Jerusalem.


1932–33 in Scottish football
The 1932–33 season was the 60th season of competitive football in Scotland and the 43rd season of the Scottish Football League.


1932–33 in Scottish football, Scottish League Division Two
NOTE:  Armadale & Bo'ness were expelled for failing to meet match guarantees; their records were expunged.


1932–33 in Scottish football, Scottish Cup
Celtic were winners of the Scottish Cup with a 1–0 final win over Motherwell.


1932–33 in Scottish football, Junior Cup
Yoker Athletic were winners of the Junior Cup after a 4–2 win over Tranent in the final replay.


1932–33 in Swedish football
The 1932–33 season in Swedish football, starting August 1932 and ending July 1933:


1932–33 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Sture Hult - Herbert Samuelsson, Sven Andersson - Helge Liljebjörn, Nils Rosén, Einar Snitt - Gösta Dunker, Ragnar Gustavsson, John "Lång-John" Nilsson, Holger Johansson-Jernsten, Knut Kroon.


1932–33 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Einar Jonasson - Otto Andersson, Erik Lager - Hugo Sjögren, Victor Carlund, Carl Johnsson - John "Jompa" Nilsson, Erik "Lillis" Persson, Harry Lundahl, Einar Kempe, Gösta Svensson.


1932–33 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Gösta Krusberg - Herbert Samuelsson, Sven Andersson - Hugo Sjögren, Victor Carlund, Ernst Andersson - Gunnar Olsson, Ragnar Gustavsson, Harry Lundahl, John Sundberg, Knut Kroon.


1932–33 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Gösta Krusberg - Otto Andersson, Sven Andersson - Walfrid Persson, Harry Johansson, Ernst Andersson - Gunnar Olsson, Torsten Bunke, Bertil Ericsson, Lennart Bunke, Knut Kroon.


1932–33 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Gottfrid Carlsson - Otto Andersson, Sven Andersson - Fritz Berg, Victor Carlund, Helge Lundén - Gunnar Olsson, Gunnar Rydberg, Knut Hansson, Tore Keller, Evert Hansson.


1932–33 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Anders Rydberg - Nils Axelsson, Arne Johansson - Hugo Sjögren, Harry Johansson, Erik "Krassi" Persson - John "Jompa" Nilsson, Erik "Lillis" Persson, Holger Karlsson, Lennart Bunke, Knut Kroon.


1932–33 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Anders Rydberg - Nils Axelsson, Arne Johansson - Hugo Sjögren, Harry Johansson, Helge Lundén - John "Jompa" Nilsson, Erik "Lillis" Persson, Holger Karlsson, Lennart Bunke, Knut Kroon.


1933
1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1933rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 933rd  year of the 2nd millennium, the 33rd  year of the 20th century, and the  4th   year of the 1930s decade.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans
The 1933 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 11th Grand Prix of Endurance. It took place at the Circuit de la Sarthe on 17 and 18 June 1933. Up against five strong privateer entries from Alfa Romeo, the opposition looked fairly weak, mostly being of 1920s vintage. There was a strong British contingent in the smaller classes. The big drawcard was the presence of top European drivers Louis Chiron and Tazio Nuvolari. The current European champion was paired with one of the previous year's winners, Raymond Sommer


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans
From the start, the Italian cars set a strong pace. Sommer broke the track-record several times building a two-minute lead over the Alfas of Chiron, Lewis, Chinetti and Moll. He had lapped the rest of the field by the end of the second hour. Chiron was delayed by an intransigent starter unit, but his co-driver Franco Cortese drove hard to bring the car back up to second going into the night. Most of the other large-engine contenders had fallen away, allowing Odette Siko in a 1.8-litre supercharged Alfa Romeo to move up to fifth. The British teams of Aston Martin, Riley and MG filled out the back end of the top-10.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans
A processional first half of the race was turned on its head come the dawn on Sunday when Nuvolari brought the leading Alfa in with fender damage and a leaking fuel-tank. The two-lap lead they had built up was lost in the quarter-hour needed for repairs. The Chiron and Chinetti cars then swapped the lead for the next two hours in close, exciting racing. At 7am a short rain-shower caused Odette Siko to have a serious accident on the fast approach to Indianapolis corner. The car was wrecked as it ploughed into the trees but fortunately the driver was thrown clear and only lightly injured.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans
Hard work by Nuvolari, who was fresh after avoiding driving during the night, had got him back in front by 9am. Soon after, Cortese crashed when a front wheel bearing collapsed. With the closest opposition gone, what could have been a simple run to the finish was anything but. When Sommer pitted the car at midday, their lead was again wiped with repairs to the radiator, brakes and worsening fuel-leak. Mechanics used chewing-gum to plug the crack. Nuvolari would then overtake the smooth-running Chinetti/Gunzberg car only to have to stop to check the fuel-tank and lose the lead again.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans
By the time of the final stops, with an hour to go, the two cars were less than a minute apart. Going onto the last lap, the superior speed of Nuvolari's car allowed him to pass on the back straight, only to lose it again under braking at the Mulsanne corner. Then Chinetti missed a gear at Arnage and Nuvolari was through again. When Chinetti was baulked by slow traffic coming out of White House it gave Nuvolari the clear run to the flag, to win by just 400 metres.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans
The margin of victory for this race was estimated at being 9.5 seconds difference and remains one of the narrowest racing finishes at Le Mans – excluding the formation finishes of later years. Third, eight laps back, was the British-entered Alfa Romeo of Lewis/Rose-Richards. Fourth, after a very reliable run was the small 1.1-litre Riley of Peacock/van der Becke. Their excellent effort against the larger competition also gave them a handsome margin in winning the lucrative Index of Performance prize.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations and Organisation
After the major circuit changes in the previous year, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) continued with further improvements to the track. A yellow centre-line was painted down the Hunaudières Straight and reflective markers – forerunners of cat's eye reflectors were put on the approach to all the corners to assist during night driving.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations and Organisation
A further addition to the facilities was from the city of Le Mans. A small chapel was built to allow spectators to attend mass on the Sunday morning.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Regulations and Organisation
In line with the ACO's policy to alternate fuel supplier, this year the contract was with Shell, who offered four fuel choices: its regular fuel, a premium grade, 100% benzole and a 70/30 blend of the premium with benzole. The ACO also revised the equivalence factor for supercharged engines up to x1.4 from the x1.33 set the previous year. Finally, they also updated some of the class distance-targets, particularly for the smaller engines.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The gradual economic recovery was signalled with a good initial list of 41 entries. However, a record thirteen entries were withdrawn before race-week. The ongoing struggles for the automotive industry were reflected by the fact that there were only four works teams present – a single French Tracta, as well three British Aston Martins, a Riley and a new Singer – none of which were of a pace to challenge for outright victory. So, this left the squadron of privateer Alfa Romeos as clear favourites.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
From the finishers in the 1932 race there were eight cars eligible for the Biennial Cup. Three Italian Alfa Romeos squared up against two Aston Martins and a Riley from Great Britain, and a Lorraine-Dietrich and Amilcar from France.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
At the end of 1932, the new government-appointed CEO of Alfa Romeo, Ugo Gobbato, had withdrawn the works team from racing. Thus, it fell to the privateers to maintain the company's dominance and they did not disappoint: the marque was the best represented in the entry list, with 9 cars. Last year's winners, Raymond Sommer and Luigi Chinetti were the organisers for Alfa racing in France. This year they were in separate cars: Sommer ran the Mille Miglia 4-seater version, again fitted with an oversized fuel tank that would allow 27 laps between refills.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
He scored a coup getting the current European Champion, Tazio Nuvolari, as his co-driver. Released from Scuderia Ferrari for the event, he had won the Mille Miglia earlier in the year and also came with support from Pirelli tyres. Chinetti, meanwhile, was hired by wealthy Russian émigré Philippe de Gunzberg to prepare and co-drive his corto 8C. A keen amateur racer, de Gunzberg raced under the pseudonym of "Philippe Varent". Chinetti was offered a bonus 60000 francs if they won the race. Louis Chiron was also back, with an 8C-2300 Le Mans, with a 4-seater lungo (long) touring body. This year he had formed a new racing team with Rudolf Caracciola. But the German ace had broken his leg at Monaco early in the season and for Le Mans Chiron was joined by former works driver Franco Cortese who had finished second at the Mille Miglia.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
There were three British Alfa entries, though only one arrived (Earl Howe, had cut his eye the week before at the French Grand Prix). With Talbot also withdrawing from motorsport, this year Arthur Fox entered an 8C tourer for his regular drivers Brian Lewis, Baron Essendon and Tim Rose-Richards. The other 8C was entered by wealthy Parisian banker, Pierre Louis-Dreyfus. He had crashed this car in last year's race, but it had been repaired and recently been sold to the up-and-coming star, French-Algerian Guy Moll. He was joined by his compatriot, former Amilcar driver Guy Cloitre, as his co-driver.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Two, smaller, 6-cylinder Alfa Romeos were also entered, running in the 3-litre class. Miss Odette Siko made headlines the previous year finishing fourth, and she returned with Louis Charavel as her co-driver. They again ran their 1768cc supercharged SS model, while in a slightly smaller 1742cc GS saloon version was fellow Frenchman André Rousseau.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Alfa Romeo's competition for outright honours was expected to come from Bugatti. Six cars were entered but only two arrived for scrutineering. Guy Bouriat entered one of the former works Type 50 with its big 5-litre supercharged straight-8 engine. Sadly, he was killed a month before Le Mans in the Picardy Grand Prix. So, his regular co-driver, Pierre Bussienne, was joined by another former E.H.P. works driver, Marie Desprez. The other was the first sports-car race for the new, unsupercharged 1.5-litre Type 51A. It was entered by the Polish émigré Count Stanisław Czaykowski, a regular Grand Prix racer in Bugattis and he teamed up with Jean Gaupillat, another privateer Bugatti driver.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The biggest car in the race was an unexpected entry – the Duesenberg Model J was one of the most exclusive cars in the world. In 1932 the supercharged Model SJ was unveiled. The mighty 6.9-litre straight-8 twin-cam engine was based on the very successful racing engine, and with supercharging it put out 320 bhp with a top speed of 215 kp/h (135 mph). Only 36 were built, including one sold to Prince Nicholas von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen who was an exiled member of the Romanian royal family. He got the Parisian luxury-car dealer Joseph Cattaneo as a co-driver and to prepare the car. This included more suitable bodywork for racing. Cattaneo had twice previously been entered as the co-driver in Édouard Brisson's Stutz but each time the car was retired before he got to drive.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The other two large cars in the field were returning veterans of the 1920s. Racing journalist Roger Labric came back with the Lorraine-Dietrich he had entered two years earlier, this time driving it himself, using the Biennial Cup entry he had earned finishing in a small Caban. Meanwhile, rally specialist Jean Trévoux repaired his supercharged "Blower" Bentley that he had crashed early in the 1932 race. He was partnered by fellow French rally-driver Louis Gas.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Frenchman Jean Danne returned with his Rally NCP, but this time replaced the 1.4-litre Salmson normally-aspirated engine with a supercharged 1.3-litre version. The equivalence factor put him in the 2-litre class whose sole other entry was the SARA SP7 Spéciale. That privateer effort took the 1927 SP7 model and gave it modified bodywork and a slightly bigger 1.8-litre engine. The team also got former SARA-team regulars Gaston Mottet and André Marandet as their drivers.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The supercharging equivalence and a 1.0-litre lower limit meant the 1.5-litre class was a crowded affair. Aston Martin had been bought out by shipping millionaire Sir Arthur Sutherland, giving it financial security. The works team arrived with three cars including a pair of the two-door 'Le Mans' variant to contest the Biennial Cup. Technical Director and designer "Bert" Bertelli ran with former Le Mans winner and "Autocar" journalist Sammy Davis, while the other car had team regulars Pat Driscoll and Clifton Penn-Hughes. The 4-seater International that had won its class, finishing fifth the previous year, had been sold to "Mort" Morris-Goodall, who ran it as a works car with Elsie "Bill" Wisdom.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The English manufacturer Riley made its first appearance at le Mans this year. It had already achieved considerable success in the British endurance handicap races with the Riley Nine "Brooklands" roadster. The advanced 1.1-litre twin-cam engine put out 50 bhp. Three cars were prepared for Le Mans though only two arrived. The first was a works entry driven by Ken Peacock and "Bill" van der Becke, while Le Mans regular Jean Sébilleau had a French privateer entry.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
For the third time, Just-Émile Vernet and Fernand Vallon raced together, again with their seven-year old Salmson GSS. As they were going to be running in the 1.5-litre class they decided to put a supercharger on the 1.1-litre engine. Two weeks earlier, in the Bol d'Or 24-hour race, they had brought the car home in second - giving them confidence to take on the Astons. Conversely, the unsupercharged 1.1-litre BNC 527 of the Alin brothers was going to have a much harder time keeping up.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
After the disbursement of the Amilcar racing stable the previous year, their Parisian distributor, Clément-Auguste Martin bought the remaining MCO models from José Scaron for his Équipe de l'Ours team. Along with Amilcar engineering director (and racer) Maurice Mestivier, he set about updating them for further racing. Jean de Gavardie had won the Bol d'Or a fortnight previous when the team had entered seven cars. Three variants were presented for Le Mans. De Gavardie and his brother had his successful 1094cc 6-cylinder car, while Buquet/Clouet ran a 1074cc 4-clyinder one. Martin himself ran his with a modified Amilcar 990cc sidevalve 4-cylinder engine in the 1-litre class.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Of the four MGs entered, two arrived at scrutineering. John Ludovic Ford raced a supercharged C-type Midget. When Norman Black's entry was cancelled, Gordon Hendy used it to bring one of the new J-series cars. This J3, with its supercharged 746cc engine, had recently set a 24-hour distance record for its class at Montlhéry. Both owners paid the expenses of works mechanics to attend and assist in the race. Their competition would come from a works Tracta, making a rare racing appearance, and the small Amilcar.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
Another British firm debuting at Le Mans was Singer. Like many, it was originally a bicycle manufacturer but had been building cars since the turn of the century. By the end of the 1920s it was Great Britain's third largest car company. The Singer Nine was introduced in 1932, and in October came a Sports version: a 4-seater convertible with a twin-carburettor 972cc engine uprated to produce 31 bhp. The car was soon popular in rallies and British racing events. Stanley Barnes, running the racing department for the company, bought one to Le Mans with a view to run the 24 hours to qualify for the Biennial Cup. He raced it personally, with the team's lead driver Alf Langley.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Entries
The smallest car in the field was an Austin 7 hybrid. The basic car was the mainstay of the Austin Motor Company with nearly 300,000 having been built already. One had previously been raced at Le Mans by Eric Gordon England in the 1925 race. The car that was entered started off as a works sporting prototype in 1929. Bought by Charles Metchim a year later, he often raced it in Britain, and he resolved to have the first car in the 750cc class to complete the Le Mans race. Prepared by the works garage it was given the latest race-tuned engine.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice and Pre-Race
In practice the night before the race, the Bentley developed clutch problems. However, Jean Chassagne, the Le Mans veteran with Bentley, Aries and Sunbeam, was on-hand and able to help get the car repaired and ready to take the start.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Practice and Pre-Race
There would be added interest in the relative performance of tyres. Most cars were running on Dunlops, while Nuvolari bought Italian Pirellis for Sommer's Alfa, and Chiron's Alfa and Danne's Rally ran on Belgian Engleberts.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
On a fine Saturday, 50 000 people flocked to the circuit. The honorary starter this year was Col Lindsey Lloyd, vice-president of the British Auto Club, and at the flagfall the quickest car away was the Alfa Romeo of Brian Lewis. He was soon overhauled and at the end of the first lap, it was the Alfas of Sommer, Chiron, Chinetti, Lewis and Moll followed by the Duesenberg, Bugatti and Bentley. By the end of the second lap, Sommer was lapping the little Austin.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
He continued to push hard, breaking "Nando" Minoia's lap record nine times by the end of the first hour. Chiron was two minutes behind, with a gap back to Lewis, Chinetti and Moll. Further back were Tarante (Bugatti), Trévoux (Bentley), Prince Nicholas (Duesenberg), Mme Siko in the smaller Alfa, and Driscoll rounding out the top-10 in the first of the Astons.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
By the end of the second hour, Sommer had lapped all the cars up to the other three Alfas. Most cars pitted after the requisite minimum of 24 laps but Sommer pitted after about 2½ hours and 27 laps, handing over to crowd-favourite Nuvolari. Chiron's pitstop was delayed by a jammed starter motor so at 7pm Nuvolari held a 4-minute lead over the nearest competition. The co-drivers had taken over and Gunzberg was second ahead of Rose-Richards, Cloitre, Cattaneo (finally getting a drive) in the Duesenberg, and Cortese rushing to make up his lost time.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
On his out-lap after taking over the Bentley, Louis Gas misjudged his braking at the Mulsanne corner and ploughed straight through the fencing hitting a tree. Bleeding from smacking his head on the steering wheel in the impact, he limped back to the pits, but the front axle was too bent to continue.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Start
At the third hour Nuvolari had done 31 laps and extended his lead to Gunzberg. Relishing his chance for a drive, Cattaneo had pulled the Duesenberg up to fifth. Cortese was sixth, making up the time from the pit delay. Penn-Hughes had taken over the leading Aston Martin, still running tenth, while van der Becke had the small Riley in eleventh. Positions remained fairly static for the last hours of daylight, although Cortese had charged his way back up to fourth.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
Just as night was falling the elegant Duesenberg was disqualified, belatedly and much to the crowd's displeasure, for coming in for its first fuel-stop one lap too early. This moved the big Bugatti of Bussienne/Desprez up to fifth. The other Bugatti was not so fortunate, having to retire when its battery went flat and could not power the headlamps. Another having problems with its battery was John Ford's C-type MG. The dynamo was not recharging the battery, so to save power they drove without the lights on - until the ACO officials warned them they risked disqualification. Thereafter they only put them on coming out of the White House corner to the pit straight and tried to follow other cars whenever possible. They survived without incident – to themselves or others – until dawn and the danger had passed.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
During the evening, the public address announced to the spectators that Sommer and Nuvolari had covered the first 500 km faster than Giuseppe Campari had done in the French Grand Prix the week before at Montlhéry.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
Through the night, the cars had settled into a regular order: Sommer had a two-lap lead over Chiron/Cortese (who had fought back up to second) and Chinetti/Gunzberg with a further two laps back to Lewis/Rose-Richards. Guy Moll's Alfa Romeo had been running well, getting as high as fourth. But constant vibration broke the terminals on the battery, stopping his co-driver Cloitre out on the circuit. When Moll tried to take a new fuse out to the car, he was spotted by the officials and the car had to be disqualified.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
At 2am Sammy Davis, running well in the top-10, brought his Aston Martin into the pits with front suspension issues and an hour was spent replacing the springs. The big Bugatti, that had been running fifth, started having water pump issues and it lost a lot of time in the pits.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Night
Nuvolari preferred not driving at night, so Sommer continued driving in the dark until just before dawn. At the halfway mark, the four Alfas were still well out in front with Sommer having done 118 laps. The smaller Siko/Charavel Alfa had moved past the stationary Bugatti into fifth with Driscoll's Aston Martin in seventh ahead of the Riley in eighth with twenty cars still on-track.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
If the spectators thought the Saturday racing was routine the Sunday proved to be one of the most thrilling days of endurance motor-racing. At 4.30am, as dawn was breaking and early into his stint, Nuvolari bought the lead Alfa in with a broken fender and leaking petrol. The quarter-hour needed to fix it cost them two laps and allowed the other Alfas to overtake them. The lead was then strongly contested between the Alfas of Chiron/Cortese and Chinetti/Gunzberg, with each car taking an advantage depending on their respective pit cycles.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
At 6am the Bugatti, having dropped to eighth and 14 laps in arrears, came to the pits in a cloud of steam and smoke so large it was mistakenly thought to be on fire. Just before 7am a brief shower swept the track. Odette Siko was caught out on the fast approach to Indianapolis. Going off the road she was flung out as the car ricocheted off the trees so violently that two fell onto the track, partially blocking it. The car rolled and caught fire. Landing on a policeman, she was taken to hospital under observation, with a broken wrist and minor burns.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
One of the first cars coming past was the little Austin. It had been running virtually without a clutch for most of the race at the back of the field. Unable to stop, Metchim struggled through the tree-debris but doing so broke a steering link. Without a spare on board, he was forced to retire. Soon after, Roger Labric, who had been in and out of the pits with the Lorraine-Dietrich, finally parked it with irreparable clutch problems.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
Bertelli, running sixth, pitted his Aston Martin at 7.30  to secure his fenders that were coming adrift – a delay that cost time and a position. As the bigger cars had their issues, the Riley of Peacock/van der Becke kept running like clockwork and picking up places. Eighth at dawn became sixth by 7am and then an impressive fourth by midday.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
Nuvolari was driving very fast now and passed Gunzberg around 7.30. By 8am he had reduced Cortese's lead to 3½ minutes and kept whittling it down to overtake him on the pit-straight before 9am, when the leaders had completed 185 laps. Sommer took over at the next pitstop, continuing the hard charge and breaking the lap record yet again. At 10am Cortese was somersaulted off the road just after Indianapolis because of a collapsed wheel bearing. He limped back to the pits, but the chassis was too misaligned to continue. Chiron was furious, Cortese disconsolate.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
The MG J-type of Gordon Hendy had started quickly, well ahead of its 100 km/h target. Then it had a misfire (cured by changing the sparkplugs) and a leak in its fuel-tank. The team resorted to chewing-gum and cardboard to plug the split. However, late in the morning it was stopped on the Hunaudières Straight with a terminal crankcase breakage.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Morning
With a two-lap lead over Chinetti/Gunzberg, things were looking positive for Sommer to get back-to-back victories. The British Alfa kept circulating regularly in third, waiting for the two in front to break.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
After 197 laps, and a single stint by a weary Sommer, Nuvolari took over again at midday but time was lost to re-affix the broken fender. The hard driving had taken its toll and there was also a cracked radiator mount, a split exhaust and the brakes were fading. Anxiety was building in the pit regarding the leaking fuel-tank and he made another stop to fix it. Like the MG team the mechanics sealed it with chewing-gum. Further stops were needed as the leak got worse and warranted more chewing gum – even Arthur Fox's mechanics joined in.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
These delays allowed Gunzberg to reduce the two minute gap to catch up and then take the lead. Fortunately the oversized fuel tank carried sufficient to still run the minimum 24 laps between top-ups, despite the leak. Nuvolari charged off after him and soon overtook the amateur driver. He made his final fuel-stop at 2.45pm. With forty minutes to go, both cars came in and Chinetti took over for the final stint. When Nuvolari stopped for a final repair, Chinetti took the lead with eight minutes to go.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
Going onto the last lap, the cars were very close, and the lead changed three times: greater speed allowed Nuvolari to overtake on the Hunaudières straight, but better brakes allowed Chinetti to re-pass at the Mulsanne corner. Finally, under the great pressure Chinetti made the mistake, missing a gearchange at Arnage and running wide. Nuvolari took his chance and shot through. Up ahead, cars were crawling around waiting for the leaders to pass, to avoid doing another lap. The pair caught up with them coming out of White House.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
Seeing Nuvolari race past, François Paco in the Alfa saloon pulled out to follow him, right into the path of Chinetti. Braking hard to avoid ramming him, Chinetti was crucially baulked and that was all that Nuvolari needed to charge on to take the victory by the slimmest of margins – only 10 seconds, or barely 400 metres, after 24 hours racing.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
Although Sommer had driven the bulk of the race (15 hours) it was Nuvolari who grabbed the headlines. All records were broken. The overall distance record was extended by more than 120 km (75 mi). Both the first two cars were the first to average more than 130 km/h (81 mph) in the race. With consecutive victories, Sommer won the Biennial Cup, and Chinetti still got his cash bonus.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
Third, one hundred kilometres, and eight laps back were Lewis and Rose-Richards. Aside from a delay because of a broken headlamp mount during the night they had a fairly reliable run.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
In a race of attrition, the little 1.1-litre Riley of Ken Peacock/Bill van der Becke came home an excellent fourth, comfortably winning the Index of Performance. Aston Martin was 5th for the third year in a row with Driscoll/Penn-Hughes going fourteen laps further than the previous year. Their delayed stablemate, of Bertelli & Davis made it to seventh. Splitting them was the small supercharged MG of Ford/Baumer that beat its target distance by 33 laps. After surviving the ordeal overnight with the dynamo and the lights the car had run very well, picking up places as others fell back. After blocking Chinetti on the last lap Paco brought the Alfa saloon home in eighth. The Tracta was ninth, finishing a distant second in class behind the MG but still beating its target distance by 30 laps and going further than any Tracta car had previously.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
A fortnight later, Chinetti and Chiron got some revenge when they combined to win the Spa 24 Hours together. Sommer, this time driving his Le Mans-winning car with veteran Henri Stoffel, came in second. It was a violent year in motorsport with a number of fatal and serious accidents. The worst was at Monza during the secondary Monza GP held on the same day as the Italian Grand Prix. It was raced as three heats before a final. During the second heat former Alfa Corse works drivers Giuseppe Campari and Baconin Borzacchini collided and crashed on the south banking, killing both. Czaykowski had won the first heat, and in the final was racing for the lead when he also crashed fatally just metres beyond the earlier accident.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
This proved to be Nuvolari's only Le Mans appearance. The danger carried over into the next year. Early in the season, Nuvolari broke his leg crashing in the rain at a minor Italian race. Although he did subsequently race with his leg in plaster, he would not return to defend his victory. Guy Moll scored a sensational win at the Monaco Grand Prix but was killed at the Coppa Acerbo. Czaykowski's erstwhile co-driver, Jean Gaupillat, was also killed in 1934, in a French race.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
The 1933 race was the last for two significant teams from the races in the 1920s, though both had rather subdued endings. SARA had entered all of the first eight races. Their best finish was fourth overall in 1927, but this year after a number of delays, the car missed its target distance by only 15 kilometres (2 laps). Bentley had dominated Le Mans, having won the event outright five times – half the races to date.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Race, Finish and post-race
But when Gas put his Bentley into the fence on his first racing lap after only two hours, the damage was too severe to continue, and it was the end of an era. Seventy years later, Bentley would return to Le Mans as a subsidiary of Volkswagen Group. They recorded three consecutive prototype class victories, culminating in outright victory in 2003.


1933 24 Hours of Le Mans, Official results, Finishers
Results taken from Quentin Spurring's book, officially licensed by the ACO Class Winners are in Bold text.


1933 AAA Championship Car season
The 1933 AAA Championship Car season consisted of three races, beginning in Speedway, Indiana on May 30 and concluding in Syracuse, New York on September 9. There was also one non-championship event. The AAA National Champion and Indianapolis 500 winner was Louis Meyer.


1933 Akron Zippers football team
The 1933 Akron Zippers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Akron in the Ohio Athletic Conference during the 1933 college football season. In its seventh season under head coach Red Blair, the team compiled a 5–3–1 record (5–2–1 in conference) and outscored opponents by a total of 97 to 50. Wilson Sparhawk was the team captain.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
The 1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously "Alabama", "UA" or "Bama") represented the University of Alabama in the 1933 college football season. It was the Crimson Tide's 40th overall and 1st season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The team was led by head coach Frank Thomas, in his third year, and played their home games at Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa and Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama. They finished the season with a record of seven wins, one loss and one tie (7–1–1 overall, 5–0–1 in the SEC), and as the first SEC champions.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
After opening the season with victory over Oglethorpe, Alabama played Ole Miss to a scoreless tie in their first ever SEC matchup. One week later, the Crimson Tide defeated Mississippi State for their first ever SEC victory and followed that with their first ever SEC road victory with their win over Tennessee at Shields–Watkins Field. From Knoxville, Alabama traveled to New York City where they lost their only game of the season against Fordham in an intersectional matchup. Alabama rebounded with four consecutive victories to close the season as conference champions with wins over Kentucky, VPI (Virginia Tech) on homecoming, Georgia Tech and Vanderbilt.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Before the season
In December 1932, after the conclusion of the 1932 season, Alabama withdrew from the Southern Conference to become a charter member of the SEC. The Crimson Tide was joined by Auburn, Florida, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Mississippi, Mississippi State, Sewanee, Tennessee, Tulane and Vanderbilt. Effective the start of the 1933 season, the SEC was formed in an effort to create a smaller, geographically closer conference.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Oglethorpe
Although they played most of the game in a heavy rainstorm, Alabama opened the 1933 season with a 34–0 victory over Oglethorpe at Denny Stadium. The Crimson Tide took a 14–0 first quarter lead on a 12-yard Frank Moseley touchdown pass to Dixie Howell and a two-yard James McDanal touchdown run. With the lead, Alabama pulled their starters and played their second string for the second quarter. In the second, they took a 21–0 lead on a 21-yard Howard Chappell touchdown run. In the second half, the Crimson Tide closed the game with a touchdown in each of the final two quarters. McDanal scored first on a short run followed by a 12-yard Chappell run for the 34–0 win. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Oglethorpe to 2–0.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Ole Miss
In what was the first SEC game ever played by the Crimson Tide, Alabama and the rival Ole Miss Rebels battled to a 0–0 tie at Legion Field. Although Alabama outgained the Rebels in total offense 179 to 33 yards, seven fumbles kept the Crimson Tide out of the end zone. The tie brought Alabama's all-time record against Ole Miss 16–2–2.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Mississippi State
Against their long-time rival, the Mississippi State Maroons, Alabama won their first all-time SEC game 18–0 at Denny Stadium. In the game, Frank Moseley scored on a pair of touchdown runs with Dixie Howell scoring the other in the third quarter on a seven-yard run in the victory. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Mississippi State 16–4–2.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Tennessee
Against rival Tennessee, Alabama defeated the Volunteers, 12–6 at Shields–Watkins Field. After a scoreless first quarter, the Volunteers took a 6–0 lead in the second when Beattie Feathers scored on a touchdown run. Down six at the half, a pair of second half touchdowns gave the Crimson Tide the 12–6 victory. Erskine Walker scored in the third on a 34-yard run and Dixie Howell scored the game-winning touchdown in the fourth on a four-yard run. The loss was the first at home for Tennessee in the Robert Neyland era. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Tennessee 10–5–1.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Fordham
Before 60,000 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York City, Alabama was defeated the Fordham Rams, 2–0. The only points scored in the game came in the first quarter when Amerino Sarno blocked a Dixie Howell punt that Howell recovered in the endzone for a Fordham safety. The loss was Alabama's first intersectional loss since their 15–0 defeat against Wisconsin in 1928, and brought Alabama's all-time record against Fordham 0–1.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Kentucky
A week after their first loss of the season, Alabama defeated the Kentucky Wildcats 20–0 at Legion Field. After a scoreless first quarter, the Crimson Tide took a 6–0 in the second after Dixie Howell scored on a 55-yard touchdown run. Alabama then closed the game with a five-yard Howell touchdown run in the third and a short Joe Demyanovich touchdown run in the fourth for the 20–0 win. In the first quarter, Howell punted the football 89-yards, which still stands as the Alabama record for longest punt. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Kentucky 12–1.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, VPI
Against the Fighting Gobblers of VPI (now known as the Virginia Tech Hokies), Alabama won 27–0 on homecoming at Denny Field. The Crimson Tide took a 6–0 first quarter lead after Riley Smith scored on a five-yard touchdown run. They extended their lead to 18–0 at halftime on touchdown runs of one-yard by Joe Demyanovich and ten-yards by James Angelich in the second quarter. Alabama then closed the game with a 16-yard Dixie Howell touchdown run and a tackle of the Gobblers' Ray Mills for a safety in the third for the 27–0 win. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against VPI 2–0.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
Against the Georgia Tech Golden Tornado, Alabama won 12–9 at Grant Field. The Crimson Tide took a 6–0 lead in the first quarter on a Dixie Howell touchdown run. After a Howell fumble resulted in a safety in the second, Tech took a 9–6 lead in the third quarter when W. A. Davis scored on a one-yard touchdown run. Howell then scored the game-winning touchdown in the fourth quarter on a short run. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Georgia Tech to 7–10–2.


1933 Alabama Crimson Tide football team, Game summaries, Vanderbilt
In the season finale at Vanderbilt, Alabama defeated the Commodores 7–0 to capture the first SEC championship. The only points of the game came on a short Dixie Howell touchdown run in the second quarter. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against Vanderbilt to 6–8.


1933 Albanian National Championship
The 1933 Albanian National Championship was the fourth season of the Albanian National Championship, the top professional league for association football clubs.


1933 Albanian National Championship, Overview
The 1933 Albanian Superliga was contested by 5 teams, and Skënderbeu won the championship.


1933 Albanian National Championship, Winning team of Skënderbeu
Klani Marjani, Kristaq Bimbli, Andrea Çani, Andon Miti, Lefter Petra, Fori Stassa, Nexhat Dishnica, Tomor Ypi, Thoma Vangjeli, Servet Teufik Agaj, Enver Kulla, Vasil Trebicka, Stavri Kondili, Aristotel SamsuriCOACH: Qemal OmariServet Teufik Agaj was the top-scorer with 7 goals.


1933 All England Badminton Championships
The 1933 All England Championships was a badminton tournament held at the Royal Horticultural Halls, Westminster, England from March 6 to March 10, 1933.


1933 All-Big Six Conference football team
The 1933 All-Big Six Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Big Six Conference teams for the 1933 college football season. The selectors for the 1933 season included the Associated Press (AP).


1933 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1933 All-Big Ten Conference football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Big Ten Conference teams chosen by various selectors for the 1933 Big Ten Conference football season.


1933 All-Big Ten Conference football team, Key
AP = Associated Press, "selected by the Associated Press with the assistance of coaches, officials and critics, who saw every player in action this fall"


1933 All-Big Ten Conference football team, Key
NK = Noble Kizer, head coach at Purdue and member of the NEA Service All-America Committee


1933 All-Big Ten Conference football team, Key
Bold = Consensus first-team selection of both the AP and UP


1933 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 1933 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the fifth staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.


1933 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
On 24 September 1933, Kerry won the championship following a 4-1 to 0-9 defeat of Mayo in the All-Ireland final. This was their third All-Ireland title overall and their third in succession.


1933 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 1933 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the sixth staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928.


1933 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
On 8 October 1933 Tipperary won the championship following a 4-6 to 2-3 defeat of Galway in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title in-a-row and their third overall.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 1933 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship was the high point of the 1933 season in Camogie. The championship was won by Dublin, who defeated Galway by a 17-point margin in the final. The match was played at Killester.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, Structure
The championship was entered by 16 counties, up from 10 in 1932. Kildare qualified for the semi-final for the only time in their history, but found themselves 3–0 to nil down at half time and scoring a late goal through Polly Smith of Newbridge St Theresa's. The decision to name the inter-county cup the O'Duffy Cup after Sean O'Duffy was made at a Central Council meeting on August 19, 1933.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, Final
Dillon Bowden scored the first point in the final as Ita McNeill and Jean Hannon shared seven goals between them in the Dublin attack. The Dublin midfield trio of Mollie Gill, Máire O'Kelly and Emmy Delaney dictated the final. Galway stayed in the match until half-time but were swept away in the second period. Monica Duggan, sister of hurling star, Jimmy Duggan played for Galway in the final.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final
The 1933 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final was the 2nd All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1933 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, an inter-county camogie tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final
Dublin won their second All-Ireland in a row, captained by Máire Gill.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1933 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 47th staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition. Cavan won their first title.Were also the first county from the province of Ulster to win.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
The 1933 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final was the 46th All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1933 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
Kerry were the reigning champions, having completed the second senior four-in-a-row in 1932, following the Wexford team of 1915–1918. However, Kerry did not qualify for the 1933 final as they were knocked out in the semi-final.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
Cavan became the first Ulster county to win an All-Ireland, with first-half goals by Louis Blessing and "Son" Magee. A record crowd attended the game, with about 5,000 more locked out.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
Galway may have lost but they were regarded as a force for the future; this proved true as the following year they won their second All-Ireland football title and took the Sam Maguire Cup back to the west for the first time.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 47th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament. The draw for the Munster fixtures took place on 26 February 1933, while the draw for the Leinster fixtures took place on 5 March 1933. The championship began on 23 April 1933 and ended on 3 September 1933.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
On 3 September 1933, Kilkenny won the championship following a 1-7 to 0-6 defeat of Limerick in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title in succession and their 10th All-Ireland title overall.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
Limerick's Mick Mackey was the championship's top scorer with 4-8.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Teams
A total of 13 teams contested the championship, the same number of participants from the previous championship. There were no new entrants.


1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final
The 1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was the 46th All-Ireland Final and the culmination of the 1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland. The match was held at Croke Park, Dublin, on 3 September 1933, between Limerick and Kilkenny. The Munster champions lost to their Leinster opponents on a score line of 1-7 to 0-6.


1933 All-Pacific Coast football team
The 1933 All-Pacific Coast football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Pacific Coast teams for the 1933 college football season. The organizations selecting teams in 1933 included the Associated Press (AP), the Newspaper Enterprise Association, and the United Press (UP).


1933 All-Pacific Coast football team, Key
AP = Associated Press, selected as the "consensus of leading officials, coaches and sports writers" with ballots from over 50 observers from all parts of the West


1933 All-Pacific Coast football team, Key
Bold = Consensus first-team choice of a majority of the selectors listed above


1933 All-Pro Team
The 1933 All-Pro Team consisted of American football players chosen by various selectors for the All-Pro team of the National Football League (NFL) for the 1933 NFL season. Teams were selected by, among others, the NFL coaches (NFL), the United Press, Red Grange for Collyer's Eye (CE), and the Green Bay Press-Gazette (GB).


1933 All-SEC football team
The 1933 All-SEC football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) chosen by various selectors for the 1933 college football season. This was the inaugural SEC season; the All-SEC teams now taking precedence over the All-Southern team. The Associated Press (AP) All-SEC teams are the only ones which become a part of official conference records. The Alabama Crimson Tide won the conference, the only blemish on its conference record a scoreless tie with the Ole Miss Rebels. Tennessee halfback Beattie Feathers was voted SEC Player of the Year.


1933 All-SEC football team, Key
Bold = Consensus first-team selection by both AP and UP


1933 All-Southern Conference football team
The 1933 All-Southern Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by the Associated Press (AP) and United Press (UP) for the All-Southern Conference football team for the 1933 college football season.


1933 All-Southwest Conference football team
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1933 All-Southwest Conference football team
The 1933 All-Southwest Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Southwest Conference teams for the 1933 college football season. The selectors for the 1933 season included the Associated Press (AP).


1933 Allan Cup
The 1933 Allan Cup was the Canadian national senior ice hockey championship for the 1932-33 Senior season.


1933 Altrincham by-election
The Altrincham by-election, 1933 was a parliamentary by-election held on 14 June 1933 for the British House of Commons constituency of Altrincham in Cheshire.


1933 Altrincham by-election, Vacancy
The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Cyril Atkinson, had resigned from the House of Commons on being appointed a High Court judge. He had held the seat since the 1924 general election, when he had defeated the one-term Liberal MP Robert Alstead.


1933 Altrincham by-election, Electoral history
Atkinson had been returned unopposed at the 1931 general election, when the local Liberals decided not to field a candidate as both parties were supporting the National Government. Prior to that, Altrincham had regularly changed hands between the Conservatives and the Liberals. The contests were close apart from those occasions when a Labour candidate stood, resulting in the Conservatives winning easily, such as at the last contested election in 1929;


1933 Altrincham by-election, Electoral history
Altrincham was a constituency with an electorate that was growing quickly; between 1929 and 1931, over 6,000 additional people had been added to the register and in the two years since 1931 a further 2,000 had been added.


1933 Altrincham by-election, Candidates
This meant that all three candidates were former MPs seeking re-election.


1933 Altrincham by-election, Campaign
An issue to feature in the campaign was the National Government's decision in April to order a British Trade Embargo on the Soviet Union. When the Soviet government placed a number of British engineers on trial for sabotage, the British government protested the arrests and retaliated with an embargo on trade between the two countries. (The engineers were subsequently found guilty, but the Soviet government permitted them to return to Britain.) At the same time the National Government signed a new trade agreement with Nazi Germany.


1933 Altrincham by-election, Campaign
The Soviet embargo had interfered with the business of some Altrincham engineering firms who had contracts with the Soviet Government. This issue was uncomfortably handled by the Conservative candidate Sir Edward Grigg who was accused by the Liberal campaign of shifting his ground on the issue in an attempt to avoid losing votes. This issue helped to re-inforce the difference between the Liberal Party and the Conservative dominated National Government. The Liberal Party supported Free trade and their leaders had resigned from the government at the end of 1932 over the government's decision to introduce trade tariffs. However, the party remained on the government benches. This made it difficult for the Liberal campaign in Altrincham to take full advantage of public discontent with the government.


1933 Altrincham by-election, Results
Grigg held the seat for the Conservatives with a comfortable majority of 9,500 votes over Oliver.


1933 Altrincham by-election, Aftermath
Grigg held the seat until its abolition for the 1945 general election, when he was ennobled as Baron Altrincham.


1933 Altrincham by-election, Aftermath
In 1935 Oliver returned to contest Manchester Blackley without success. Hudson was defeated again at Stockport in 1935, but returned to the House of Commons in 1945 as MP for Ealing West. The National Government ended the Soviet Trade embargo on 1 July 1933.


1933 Andorran parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Andorra on 31 August 1933, the first held under universal male suffrage. The extension of the franchise to all men over 21 followed social unrest referred to as the Andorran Revolution. As political parties were not legalised until 1993, all candidates ran as independents.


1933 Andorran parliamentary election, Background
The elections, called by the co-princes, took place amid the occupation of the country by French gendarmes. The police had arrived after the General Council approved universal male suffrage - until then only the heads of household could vote - forced by the occupation of the Casa de la Vall on 5 April by the Young Andorrans. The Tribunal de Corts subsequently dismissed the General Council elected in 1932. Faced with the Council's resistance to dissolution, however, the co-princes sent a contingent of gendarmes to Andorra on 19 August and ordered the elections to be held on 31 August.


1933 Andorran parliamentary election, Results
The interpretation of the results is complicated because there were no formal political parties, instead councilors were linked to groups that could vary in opinion. The day after the elections, the press reported 14 seats had been won by the Integral Nationalist Group (GNI), conservative supporters of the co-princes; five seats had been won by the Andorran Union (UA), supporters of the deposed General Council, and four had been won by socialists. However, an undated document from the Permanent Delegation French also registered a majority of "anti-episcopal" councilors unfavorable to the co-princes.


1933 Andorran parliamentary election, Results, Elected members
The official results were communicated by the Consul General of Canillo to the French veguer.


1933 Annandale state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Annandale on 24 June 1933 following the death of sitting member, Robert Stuart-Robertson (Labor (NSW)).


1933 Argentine Primera División
The 1933 Primera División was the 42nd season of top-flight football in Argentina. It continued with both associations organising tournaments. The official AFA season did not have relegations at the end of the championship while Sportivo Acassuso made its debut in Primera. On the other hand, the dissident professional league (LAF) organised its 3rd. championship, in which relegation took place for the first time, with 5 teams sent to the second division.


1933 Argentine Primera División
The amateur AFA season was won by Dock Sud, achieving its first title in Primera División, with Alfonso Lorenzo (Barracas Central) being the topscorer with 16 goals.


1933 Argentine Primera División
The professional LAF tournament was won by San Lorenzo de Almagro that obtained its 4° Primera División title. Francisco Varallo of Boca Juniors was the top goalscorer with 34 goals.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team
The 1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Arizona State Teachers College (later renamed Arizona State University) in the Border Conference during the 1933 college football season. The Bulldogs compiled a 3–5 record (1–3 against Border opponents) and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 125 to 73.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team
Rudy Lavik was hired as the team's head coach in July 1933, replacing Ted Shipkey. Lavik had previously served for six years as the football coach at Arizona State Teachers College at Flagstaff (later renamed Northern Arizona University); prior to that, Lavik coached at Colorado State Agricultural College in Fort Collins.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team
The team captain was Paul Griffin. Earl Pomeroy was an assistant coach. The Bulldogs finished 2–2 at home and 1–3 on the road. With the exception of the Fresno State game that was played in Phoenix, home games were played at Irish Field in Tempe, Arizona.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries
On September 29, Arizona State lost its season opener on the road against the Whittier College Poets by a 27–0 score.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries
On October 7, the Bulldogs lost to the San Diego Marines, 26–0, at Sports Field in San Diego. It was the first meeting between the two football programs.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries
On October 21, Arizona State delivered a 26–13 road win at New Mexico.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries
On October 28, the Bulldogs fell 13–0 on the road against Arizona State-Flagstaff (later renamed Northern Arizona University).


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries
On November 4, in their home opener, Arizona State defeated Fresno State, 21–7, at the high school stadium in Phoenix.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries
On November 11, the Bulldogs earned their second consecutive win with a 19–7 victory over New Mexico A&M (later renamed New Mexico State University) before a crowd of 3,000 persons in Tempe.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries
On November 18, in the Arizona–Arizona State football rivalry game in Tempe, Arizona State lost to Arizona, 26–7, in front of 6,000 spectators at Phoenix.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Game summaries
On November 30 (Thanksgiving Day), the Bulldogs were shut out, 6–0, by Arizona State-Flagstaff at Irish Field.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Roster
The usual Arizona State lineup included left end Landon Hardesty, left tackle Anson Cooper, left guard Clarence Sexton, center Bill Boyle, right guard Claude Duval, right tackle Elton Harper, right end Tom Lillico, quarterback John McTeeley, halfbacks Wendell Pickens and Cyrus Lusher, and fullback Bill Baxter.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Roster
Sidney Anderson, William Ball, Johnny Burke, Lowell Callahan, George Ellingson, Bert Fireman, Vomen Fry, Meryl Furrey, Maurice Graham, London Hardesty, Leon Jones, and Heber Kleinman were also on the roster.


1933 Arizona State Bulldogs football team, Awards and honors
Fullback Bill Baxter earned first-team All-Border Conference honors for the 1933 football season.


1933 Arizona State–Flagstaff Lumberjacks football team
The 1933 Arizona State–Flagstaff Lumberjacks football team was an American football team that represented Arizona State Teachers College at Flagstaff (now known as Northern Arizona University) in the Border Conference during the 1933 college football season. In their first year under head coach Ira MacIntosh, the Lumberjacks compiled a 5–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 59 to 38.


1933 Arizona State–Flagstaff Lumberjacks football team
On October 14, 1933, the school dedicated Skidmore Field, its new turf-covered gridiron.


1933 Arizona Wildcats football team
The 1933 Arizona Wildcats football team represented the University of Arizona in the Border Conference during the 1933 college football season. In their first season under head coach Tex Oliver, the Wildcats compiled a 5–3 record (3–2 against Border opponents), finished in third place in the conference, and outscored their opponents, 113 to 35. The team captain was Clarence Sample. The team played its home games at Arizona Stadium in Tucson, Arizona.


1933 Arkansas Razorbacks football team
The 1933 Arkansas Razorbacks football team represented the University of Arkansas in the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1933 college football season. In their fifth year under head coach Fred Thomsen, the Razorbacks compiled a 7–3–1 record (4–1 against SWC opponents), finished in first place in the SWC, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 213 to 61.


1933 Arkansas Razorbacks football team
The Razorbacks were crowned Southwest Conference champs, but forfeited the title as a result of playing an ineligible athlete. Ulysses "Heine" Schleuter had told coach Fred Thomsen that he had remaining eligibility, but had played at Nebraska in 1931 and 1932, as well as for Kemper Military School. Schleuter's status wasn't brought out until the SMU game, when a Mustang recognized Schleuter as a former Cornhusker. The title was vacated for 1933.


1933 Arkansas Razorbacks football team, Dixie Classic
The Dixie Classic was the first bowl appearance in Arkansas Razorbacks history. Their opponent, Centenary, was undefeated in the regular season. The game, played in Dallas, was the final Dixie Classic, a predecessor to the Cotton Bowl Classic. The Razorbacks dented the scoreboard first, on a 24-yard hookup from Tom Murphy to Elvin Geiser in the second quarter. The Gentlemen returned with a 20-yard touchdown pass, but missed the extra point to give Arkansas a 7–6 lead. However, a Razorback was called offside, the down was replayed, and Centenary's kicker Chester Weidman's kick was true.


1933 Army Cadets football team
The 1933 Army Cadets football team represented the United States Military Academy in the 1933 college football season. In their first year under head coach Garrison H. Davidson, the Cadets compiled a 9–1 record, shut out seven of their ten opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 227 to 26. In the annual Army–Navy Game, the Cadets defeated the Midshipmen 12–7. In the final game of the season at Yankee Stadium, the undefeated Cadets were upset by struggling Notre Dame, 13–12.


1933 Army Cadets football team
Four Army players were recognized on the All-America team. Halfback Jack Buckler received first-team honors from the Associated Press (AP), United Press (UP), Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), Central Press Association (CP), and New York Sun. Quarterback Paul Johnson received second-team honors from the AP and NEA. Guard Harvey Jablonsky received second-team honors from the NEA, CP, and International News Service (INS). End Peter James Kopcsak received third-team honors from the CP.


1933 Ashford by-election
The Ashford by-election, 1933 was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of Ashford on 17 March 1933.


1933 Ashford by-election, Vacancy
The by-election was caused by the sitting Conservative MP, Michael Knatchbull's succession to the peerage on 15 February 1933. He had been MP here since gaining the seat in 1931.


1933 Ashford by-election, Election history
Ashford had been gained by the Conservatives from the Liberals at the last election. The Liberals had gained the seat in 1929, the only occasion since the war that the Conservatives did not win. The result at the last General election was as follows;


1933 Ashford by-election, Candidates
The local Conservatives selected 48-year-old Patrick Spens as candidate to defend the seat. He served in the First World War as an adjutant in the 5th battalion of the Queen's Royal Regiment. After the war Spens started practising as a lawyer and became a King's Counsel (KC) in 1925. He unsuccessfully contested St Pancras South West in the 1929 general election.


1933 Ashford by-election, Candidates
The Liberals selected 52-year-old Wesleyan minister and former MP for the seat, Rev. Roderick Kedward as candidate. During the First World War, Kedward served in Egypt and France. He was invalided out of the army in October 1916 with 'trench fever' but served as president of ex-servicemen's associations after the war. He unsuccessfully contested the Kingston upon Hull Central constituency at the 1918 general election. He stood in Bermondsey West at the 1922 general election. At the next election in 1923, he was elected as the Bermondsey West Member of Parliament but was defeated at the 1924 general election.


1933 Ashford by-election, Candidates
Transferring his political allegiance to his original home area, Kedward stood atthe 1929 general election for Ashford in Kent. He won a remarkable victory with a swing of over 20% from the Tories to the Liberals. During this time, Kedward was strongly associated with the National Tithe-payers Association, a group which campaigned against the collection  of tithes by the Church of England mainly for the upkeep of the clergy and which was unevenly levied across the country, hitting some areas harder than others. In 1931, having sided with the Simonite faction in the Liberal party, Kedward fought Ashford as a Liberal National but was defeated as the local Conservatives refused to endorse his candidacy, seeing him as too radical and disliking his overt non-conformism (anti-tithe stance).


1933 Ashford by-election, Candidates
The local Labour party selected W J Beck as candidate. Labour had not contested the seat in 1931 and in 1929 their candidate had finished a poor third.


1933 Ashford by-election, Main Issues and Campaign
At this point, the leading Liberal ministers had all resigned from government office, however, they remained supporters of the National Government and sat on the government benches. Many in the Liberal party outside parliament felt that the Liberals should now sit on the opposition benches. Only four Liberals, including David Lloyd George had been elected in 1931 and gone into opposition. In February 1932, a fifth Liberal MP, Harry Nathan had also moved into opposition.


1933 Ashford by-election, Main Issues and Campaign
Roderic Kedward, the Liberal candidate, declared that he was contesting the election as a candidate opposed to the National government and would sit on the opposition Liberal benches if he were elected. This allowed Kedward the freedom to criticise the government on a wide range of issues during the campaign. However, his stance highlighted the awkward position of the Liberals in parliament.


1933 Ashford by-election, Result
Despite a small swing against the National Government, the Conservative managed to hold on to the seat because the Labour intervention split the anti-Tory vote.


1933 Ashford by-election, Aftermath
The Liberal Party formally moved into opposition to the National government in November 1933. Spens was re-elected in 1935. In 1937 Kedward died from the sudden onset of a duodenal ulcer. The result at the following General election;


1933 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1933 Atlantic hurricane season set the pre-weather satellite record for most tropical storms formed within a single season with 20, a mark which stood until the 2005 season, during which there were 28 storms. It is currently tied with 2021 as the third-most active Atlantic hurricane season on record. It also produced the highest Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) on record in the Atlantic basin, with a total of 259. The season ran through the summer and the first half of fall in 1933, with activity as early as May and as late as November. A tropical cyclone was active for all but 13 days from June 28 to October 7.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season
Because technologies such as Earth observation satellites were not available until the 1960s, historical data on tropical cyclones from the early 20th century is often incomplete. Tropical cyclones that did not approach populated areas or shipping lanes, especially if they were relatively weak and of short duration, may have remained undetected. Compensating for the lack of comprehensive observation and the limited technological ability to monitor all tropical cyclone activity in the Atlantic Basin during this era, research meteorologist Christopher Landsea estimates that the 1933 season may have produced an additional 2–3 missed tropical cyclones.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season
A 2013 reanalysis of the 1933 Atlantic Hurricane Database did indeed identify two new tropical storms; however, it was also determined that two existing cyclones did not reach tropical storm intensity and so were removed from the database. Additionally, researchers found two existing storms to be one continuous system. As a result, the season storm total dropped from 21 to 20.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season
Of the season's 20 documented tropical storms, 11 attained hurricane status. Six of those were major hurricanes, with sustained winds of over 111 mph (179 km/h). Two of the hurricanes reached winds of 160 mph (260 km/h), which is a Category 5–the highest of 5– on the modern Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. The season produced several deadly storms, with eight storms killing more than 20 people. All but 3 of the 20 known storms affected land at some point during their durations.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The 1933 season was the most active of its time, surpassing the previous record-holder of 19 storms in 1887. Fifteen of the season's storms made landfall as tropical cyclones, and another struck land as extratropical storms. Eight tropical storms, including six hurricanes, hit the United States during the season, including the Chesapeake–Potomac hurricane, which the U.S. Weather Bureau described as one of the most severe in history to impact the Mid-Atlantic States. Seven tropical storms, including four hurricanes, hit Mexico, two of which caused severe damage in the Tampico area.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The season was continuously active, with six storms forming during the month of August alone. At the time, many storms received the distinction of being the earliest nth storm to form, such as the earliest fifth tropical storm to form in a season. Most of the records were broken in later years. During the season, the U.S. Weather Bureau issued storm and hurricane warnings for eight storms, including coastal portions of Texas, as well as from Florida to Massachusetts, forcing the evacuations of thousands of people. The deadliest storm of the season was a hurricane that struck Tampico, Mexico, killing over 184 residents. The costliest hurricane was the Chesapeake–Potomac hurricane, which caused $27 million in damage from North Carolina to New Jersey. The hurricane produced rainfall that resulted in severe crop damage in Maryland.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
In addition to the 20 tropical storms, there were several tropical depressions of lesser intensity. The first developed on June 1 in the northwest Caribbean and dissipated a few days later. Another depression developed on July 11 over Panama and also quickly dissipated. A tropical depression developed on July 17 in the northeastern Atlantic west of the Azores, and one ship reported hurricane-force winds; however, there was little evidence that the tropical system was organized, so it was not classified as a tropical storm.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
Originally, there was a tropical storm in the database in the Caribbean in the middle of August, but it was downgraded to a tropical depression due to lack of any reports of gale-force winds. Similarly, there was a tropical storm in the database in late September, but it was also downgraded to a tropical depression due to lack of gale-force winds.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The season produced the highest Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) on record, with a total of 259, versus the 1931–1943 average of 91.2. ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here. Originally, 1933 had an operational ACE of 213, which was surpassed by 1950, 1995, 2004, 2005, and 2017. However, the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project found that the storms in 1933 were stronger than initially reported.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm One
The first storm of the season formed on May 14 in the southwestern Caribbean Sea off the east coast of Nicaragua. It moved quickly to the north-northwest, passing just northeast of the eastern tip of Honduras. On May 15, the storm turned to the west and entered the Gulf of Mexico while moving around the Yucatán Peninsula. The next day, it attained peak winds of 50 mph (85 km/h), based on a ship report. Turning southward, the storm made landfall on Ciudad del Carmen in Mexico early on May 19 with winds of 40 mph (64 km/h). It dissipated over land later that day.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
A westward-moving tropical wave spawned a tropical depression on June 24 about halfway between the southern Lesser Antilles and the coast of Africa. The depression quickly intensified into a tropical storm, and by June 27 it became a hurricane off the northern coast of Guyana. At 2100 UTC that day, the hurricane struck extreme southern Trinidad with winds of 85 mph (137 km/h). After crossing the island, the hurricane moved across the Paria Peninsula in northeastern Venezuela with the same intensity.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
The hurricane was earliest to affect the region on record, and was the first storm in over 50 years to affected Trinidad and Venezuela. In Trinidad, 13 people were killed, about 1,000 people were left homeless, and damage was estimated at $3 million. In Venezuela, the hurricane caused power outages, destroyed several houses, and killed several people.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
After crossing Venezuela into the eastern Caribbean, the hurricane moved northwestward and gradually intensified. On July 3 it struck western Cuba with winds of 100 mph (160 km/h). In the country, the storm killed 22 people, while damage amounted to $4 million. A building high pressure area turned the hurricane westward in the Gulf of Mexico, and after further strengthening the storm attained peak winds of 110 mph (175 km/h) on July 5.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
It turned to the west-southwest and made landfall in northeastern Mexico on July 7 with winds of 100 mph (160 km/h), about halfway between Tampico and the Mexico/United States border. It dissipated about 11 hours later over Mexico. There were several deaths and heavy damage in the area where the storm moved ashore. Across its path, the hurricane killed 35 people.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Three
The third tropical storm of the season (initially classified as two separate storms but later identified as a single track) was first observed on July 14 near St. Kitts. It moved quickly westward and passed just south of Puerto Rico and Hispaniola as a weak storm. The system curved slightly to the west-northwest and brushed the northern coast of Jamaica before turning slightly westward and hitting the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. As it crossed the Yucatán Peninsula the cyclone weakened and eventually crossed into the Bay of Campeche.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Three
It moved quickly to the northwest, and made landfall near Matagorda Bay, in Texas on July 23 as a 45 mph (70 km/h) tropical storm. The system turned to the northeast, and became extratropical to the east of Dallas, Texas. The extratropical system moved slowly through northern Louisiana, turned to the northeast, and dissipated over northeastern Arkansas near Memphis, Tennessee.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Three
While passing near Jamaica, the storm dropped heavy rainfall, including 9 inches (230 mm) in Kingston which led to flooding and washouts. The rainfall also damaged several bridges and roads and resulting in delays in train schedules. Mudslides and overflowing rivers flooded several towns with knee-deep waters. Moderate winds downed several banana trees across the island. Prior to the arrival of the storm in Texas, numerous coastal residents boarded up their houses and businesses and voluntarily evacuated further inland. Upon making landfall, the storm produced high tides.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Three
In eastern Texas and western Louisiana, the system dropped very heavy precipitation, which in places reached accumulations exceeding 20 inches (500 mm). The highest storm total occurred in Logansport, Louisiana, which reported 21.30 inches (541 mm) in a 4-day period. In Louisiana, the flooding severely damaged crops and forced about 250 families near Shreveport to evacuate their flooded homes. The torrential rainfall also resulted in overflowing rivers; numerous highways, roads, and railroads were either impassable or closed, with some locations experiencing water depths of up to 20 feet (6.1 m). Total damage reached nearly $2 million.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Four
A dissipating cold front spawned a tropical depression east of Bermuda on July 24. It moved east-northeastward initially, and intensified into a tropical storm early on July 25. Based on ship observations, it is estimated the storm attained peak winds of 60 mph (95 km/h). The storm turned to the northeast and was absorbed by a cold front southeast of Newfoundland early on July 27.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Five
On July 24, a tropical storm was detected. Located to the southeast of Antigua, it tracked west-northwestward, passing near St. Thomas with winds of up to 60 mph (95 km/h). The storm strengthened and attained hurricane status the next day north of Puerto Rico, and it continued its west-northwest movement. After moving through the northern Bahamas, the hurricane struck near Fort Pierce, Florida, with winds of 85 mph (135 km/h). The hurricane crossed the state and weakened to minimal tropical storm intensity. It turned to the west-southwest and re-strengthened to a hurricane on August 4 off the coast of Texas. It weakened again to tropical storm status and made its final landfall near Brownsville, Texas, on August 5 as a strong tropical storm. The system rapidly dissipated over northern Mexico.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Five
While moving over Saint Christopher, the storm killed six people. Heavy rain was reported throughout the Virgin Islands. The hurricane caused the drowning of one person in the Bahamas, and moderate winds produced severe structural damage to the buildings in the archipelago. In Florida, the National Weather Bureau issued storm warnings between Miami to Titusville, while Governor David Sholtz issued a mandatory evacuation for 4,200 residents in vulnerable areas around Lake Okeechobee. Damage in Florida was minimal, limited to minor crops, roofs, and signs. In southern Texas, the hurricane produced moderate damage of $500,000, including disrupted telephone and telegraph lines. The hurricane produced high tides along the coast of Texas, covering parts of South Padre Island, and heavy rains in northern Mexico caused heavy damage.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
A ship first reported a tropical depression near the Cape Verde islands on August 13. This system would become one of the most destructive hurricanes of the season. The storm moved towards the northwest and attained hurricane status on August 16. The hurricane continued to strengthen, and on August 21, it passed about 150 miles (240 km) southwest of Bermuda as a Category 3 hurricane. St. George's avoided a direct hit but reported wind speeds of up to 64 mph (103 km/h).


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
On August 22, the hurricane turned west-northwest and reached its peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h), equivalent to a Category 4 hurricane in the modern-day Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. However, it weakened quickly afterwards. On August 23, the storm made landfall on the Outer Banks of North Carolina as a Category 1 hurricane and continued to quickly weaken as it moved inland, away from its energy source.' The storm turned to the north, then to the northeast, passing through Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania before weakening to a tropical depression over New York. The storm became extratropical on August 25 and turned to the east, moving through Atlantic Canada and dissipating on August 28.


1933 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
The hurricane caused damage ranging from moderate to severe in the corridor between North Carolina and New Jersey, due to high tides and strong winds. In the state of Maryland, the storm's effects resulted in severe crop damage, and many boats and piers were damaged or destroyed due to high tides and storm surge. This tide is notable as the one that separated Ocean City, MD from Assateague & Chincoteague Islands and allowed for the current harbor and inlet to the Atlantic as well as destroying the only rail bridge to the town, which was never rebuilt. The hurricane produced heavy rainfall along its path, with a peak of 13.28 inches (337.3 mm) in York, Pennsylvania. Overall, the hurricane caused $27 million in damage and 31 deaths.