1919 New Year Honours, Military Cross (MC)
For valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Salonika:


1919 New Year Honours, Military Cross (MC)
For distinguished service in connection with Military Operations in North Russia


1919 New Year Honours, Military Cross (MC), Awarded a Bar to the Military Cross (MC*)
For services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Italy:


1919 New Year Honours, Military Cross (MC), Awarded a Bar to the Military Cross (MC*)
For valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Salonika:


1919 New Year Honours, Distinguished Flying Medal (DFM)
In recognition of valuable services rendered with the British Forces in Italy:


1919 New Year Honours, Air Force Medal (AFM)
In recognition of valuable services rendered with the British Forces in Italy:


1919 New Year Honours (DCM)
The 1919 New Year Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were published in The London Gazette and The Times in January 1919.


1919 New Year Honours (DCM), Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM)
For distinguished service in connection with Military Operations with the Armies in Salonika:


1919 New Year Honours (DCM), Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM)
For distinguished services in connection with Military Operations with the British Forces in Egypt:


1919 New Year Honours (DCM), Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM)
In recognition of valuable services rendered with the British Forces in Italy:


1919 New Year Honours (DCM), Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM), Awarded a Bar to the Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM*)
In connection with Military Operations with the Armies in France:


1919 New Year Honours (MBE)
This is a list of MBEs awarded in the 1919 New Years Honours.


1919 New Year Honours (MBE)
The 1919 New Year Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were published in The London Gazette and The Times in January 1919.


1919 New Year Honours (MBE)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1919 New Year Honours (MBE), Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), Military Division
For services rendered in connection with military operations in France and Flanders:


1919 New Year Honours (MBE), Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), Military Division
For valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Egypt:


1919 New Year Honours (MBE), Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), Military Division
For services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Italy:


1919 New Year Honours (MBE), Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), Military Division
For valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Salonika:


1919 New Year Honours (MBE), Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), Military Division
For valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in North Russia:


1919 New Year Honours (MSM)
This is a list of Meritorious Service Medals (MSM) awarded in the 1919 New Years Honours.


1919 New Year Honours (MSM)
The 1919 New Year Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were published in The London Gazette and The Times in January 1919.


1919 New Year Honours (MSM)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1919 New Year Honours (MSM), Recipients of the Meritorious Service Medal (MSM)
In recognition of valuable service rendered with the Forces in Egypt:


1919 New Year Honours (MSM), Recipients of the Meritorious Service Medal (MSM)
In recognition of valuable services rendered with the British Forces in Italy:


1919 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The 1919 New Year Honours in New Zealand were appointments by King George V on the advice of the New Zealand government to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. The awards celebrated the passing of 1918 and the beginning of 1919, and were announced on 1 January 1919.


1919 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.


1919 New Year Honours (OBE)
The 1919 New Year Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were published in The London Gazette and The Times in January 1919.


1919 New Year Honours (OBE), Military Division, Australian Imperial Force
For services rendered in connection with military operations in France and Flanders:


1919 New Year Honours (OBE), Military Division, New Zealand Overseas Force
For valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Egypt:


1919 New Year Honours (OBE), Military Division, Egyptian Army
For services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Egypt:


1919 New Year Honours (OBE), Military Division, Egyptian Army
For valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in Salonika:


1919 New Year Honours (OBE), Military Division, Egyptian Army
For valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in North Russia:


1919 New York Giants season
The 1919 New York Giants season was the franchise's 37th season. The team finished in second place in the National League with an 87-53 record, 9 games behind the Cincinnati Reds.


1919 New York Giants season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 New York Giants season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 New York Giants season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 New York Giants season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 New York Giants season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 New York Yankees season
The 1919 New York Yankees season was the 17th season for the Yankees in New York and its 19th overall. The team finished with a record of 80–59, 7½ games behind the American League champion Chicago White Sox. New York was managed by Miller Huggins. Their home games were played at the Polo Grounds.


1919 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 New York Yankees season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election
The New Zealand Labour Party leadership election, 1919 was held on 27 August 1919 to choose the next leader of the New Zealand Labour Party. The election was won by Grey MP Harry Holland.


1919 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election
It followed the formation of the party and merging of the United Labour Party and Social Democratic Party into one united caucus three years prior.


1919 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election, Background
In 1915 members of the Social Democrats and the United Labour remnant agreed to form a united caucus to better combat the Reform and Liberal party's. Former United Labour MP Alfred Hindmarsh had acted the new Labour Party's chairman and was tasked with unifying the two groups. When the ULP and SDP formally merged into the modern Labour Party, Hindmarsh was chosen to remain the Parliamentary leader. Hindmarsh died in late 1918 in the influenza epidemic leaving the position vacant.


1919 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election, Candidates, Harry Holland
Holland was acknowledged with having a great amount of political courage, a quality his supporters emphasized would be essential for a fledgling party. Holland was associated with the more radical front of Labour holding strong socialist beliefs, he was backed by members such as Peter Fraser, Michael Joseph Savage, Bob Semple and John A. Lee.


1919 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election, Candidates, James McCombs
McCombs had been elected the Labour Party's first president in 1916 until resigning in the following year over the liquor question. He had more parliamentary experience than Holland, serving as an MP since 1913. He was also seen as having a better knowledge of the country than Holland, having lived in New Zealand, far longer. He was the leader of the Labour movement's more moderate wing.


1919 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election, Result
The election was conducted through a members ballot by the then parliamentary caucus. After the votes were counted both candidates won the same number of votes. To break the deadlock drawing by lot was held upon where Holland was eventually successful. The probable votes cast specifically being Peter Fraser and Bob Semple for Holland with Tom Paul and Andrew Walker for McCombs.


1919 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election, Aftermath
Harry Holland led Labour until his death in 1933. Historians have often seen his victory as being due more to his public profile opposed to his policies. He was at the helm for the next five elections, contested unsuccessfully. He also served two spells as the leader of the opposition, the first Labour member to do so. McCombs remained an MP until his own death, also in 1933, leading the more moderate opposing wing to Holland in the caucus alongside Dan Sullivan.


1919 New Zealand general election
The New Zealand general election of 1919 was held on Tuesday, 16 December in the Māori electorates and on Wednesday, 17 December in the general electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 20th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 560,673 (80.5%) voters turned out to vote.


1919 New Zealand general election
In 1919 women won the right to be elected to the House of Representatives. The law was changed late that year, and with only three weeks' notice, three women stood for Parliament.


1919 New Zealand general election
They were Ellen Melville in Grey Lynn, Rosetta Baume in Parnell, and Aileen Cooke in Thames. Ellen Melville stood for the Reform Party and came second. She stood for Parliament several more times and generally polled well but never won a seat.


1919 New Zealand general election, Results
Though Labour Party captured only eight seats it received nearly a quarter of the votes – a shock to conservative minds due to Labour being founded only three years earlier in 1916.


1919 New Zealand general election, Results, Electorate results
The table below shows the results of the 1919 general election:


1919 New Zealand general election, Results, Summary of changes
A boundary redistribution resulted in the abolition of four electorates:


1919 New Zealand rugby league season
The 1919 New Zealand rugby league season was the 12th season of rugby league that had been played in New Zealand.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
New Zealand toured Australia, losing four matches to New South Wales and twice to Queensland. New Zealand's final two tour games were wins in Rockhampton and Toowoomba. They were captained by Karl Ifwersen.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
New Zealand then hosted Australia, in the Kangaroos first tour to New Zealand. New Zealand lost the first Test in Wellington 44-21 before bouncing back 26-10 in the second. However they lost the final two to lose the series 1-3. The squad for the four Test matches was; Craddock Dufty, George Iles, Karl Ifwersen (c), George Bradley, Alec Morris, John Lang, George Neal, Bill Scott, Bill King, Bert Avery, Bill Williams, Sam Lowrie, Stan Walters, Jim Sanders, Mike Pollock, Keith Helander, Bill Davidson, Dougie McGregor, Bill Walsh, Tom Haddon, Ivan Stewart, Nelson Bass and Wally Somers.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
Auckland lost to Australia 32-8 at the Auckland Domain in front of an estimated 20,000 spectators. Australia also defeated South Auckland 58-5, Hawke's Bay twice, 67-4 and 73-7 and scored 93 points against Wellington, defeating them  93-5. The Auckland side included; Bill Davidson, Dougie McGregor, Thomas McClymont, Karl Ifwersen, George Davidson, Ivan Stewart, Billy Ghent, Stan Walters, Sam Lowrie, Bill Williams, Bert Avery, Bob Mitchell and Nelson Bass. Reserves; George Iles, Frank Delgrosso, Jim Clark and Ernie Herring.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, International competitions
Henry Thacker was elected the patron of the New Zealand Rugby League during the season.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, National competitions, Northern Union Cup
Auckland again held the Northern Union Cup at the end of the season. A Cup defence against the Hawke's Bay was played at Eden Park. This was the first rugby league match played at the ground since 1912 and the last until the 1988 World Cup final. Auckland, who won 38-13, included Frank Delgrosso, George Davidson, Dougie McGregor, George Iles, Craddock Dufty, Bert Laing, George Neal, Keith Helander, Sam Lowrie, V Thomas, Tom Haddon, L Newdick and Bert Avery.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Ponsonby won the Auckland Rugby League's competition. Newton won the Roope Rooster.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
The Marist Brothers Old Boys club was founded in 1919, playing matches at the Auckland Domain. Conrad McDevitt, who helped found the club, had earlier been involved with the formation of the Railway XIII side in 1917. Marist's first match was a 3-28 loss to Newton.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
Ponsonby included Jim O'Brien, Jim Clark, Sam Lowrie, Walter Milne, captain Thomas McClymont, Bill Walsh and Frank Delgrosso.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
The City Rovers included Bill Davidson, Ivan Stewart, and Bert Laing.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Auckland
The Ellerslie United Rugby League Club was reestablished on 26 July 1919 after going into recess with the outbreak of World War I.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Canterbury
Sydenham won the Canterbury Rugby League's competition, for which they were awarded the Thacker Shield.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Canterbury
Templeton and Kaiapoi joined the League while Addington regained senior status.


1919 New Zealand rugby league season, Club competitions, Other Competitions
The West Coast Rugby League was reestablished by J.D.Wingham after being in recess since 1915. Blackball, Kohinoor and Runanga competed in the competition.


1919 Newfoundland general election
The 1919 Newfoundland general election was held on 3 November 1919 to elect members of the 24th General Assembly of Newfoundland in the Dominion of Newfoundland. The Liberal Reform Party, an alliance between the Liberals led by Richard Squires and the Fishermen's Protective Union of William Coaker, formed the government. The People's Party, became the Liberal-Labour-Progressive party following the election and formed the opposition. Squires served as Newfoundland prime minister.


1919 News of the World Match Play
The 1919 News of the World Match Play was the twelfth News of the World Match Play tournament. It was played from Monday 29 September to Thursday 2 October at Walton Heath Golf Club. 64 players competed in a straight knock-out competition, with each match contested over 18 holes, except for the final which was over 36 holes. The winner received £100 out of a total prize fund of £590. Abe Mitchell defeated George Duncan by 1 hole in the final to win the tournament. It was Mitchell's first appearance in the event.


1919 News of the World Match Play
The event coincided with a rail strike which started on 27 September. The P.G.A. initially decided to postpone the event but, with most of the competitors having already arrived in the area, later decided to carry on with the original arrangements. In the end, 6 of the 64 qualifiers did not compete.


1919 News of the World Match Play, Qualification
Qualification was by a series of 36-hole stroke-play competitions; one for each of the eight PGA sections. The Southern section had 26 qualifiers, the Northern section 12, the Midland section 10, the Scottish section 5, the Welsh and West of England sections 4, the Eastern section 2 and the Irish section 1. The Southern section was played over two days. In the event of a tie for places there was a playoff.


1919 News of the World Match Play, Format
It was decided in July that the number of qualifiers would be increased from 32 to 64 and the "News of the World" agreed to increase the prize money. Matches were over 18 holes except for the final which was over 36 holes. Extra holes were played in the event of a tied match. The event was extended from three to four days with one round played on the first day, two rounds on the second and third days and the final on the fourth day.


1919 News of the World Match Play, Prize money
The winner received £100 and a gold medal, the runner-up received £40 and a silver medal, losing semi-finalists £20 and a bronze medal, losing quarter-finalists £12 10s, third round losers £10, second round losers £7 10s and first round losers £5.


1919 Norfolk race riot
The 1919 Norfolk race riot occurred on July 21, 1919, when a homecoming celebration for African-American veterans of World War I was attacked in Norfolk, Virginia. At least two people were killed and six people were shot. City officials called in Marines and Navy personnel to restore order.


1919 Norfolk race riot, Background
World War I ended with the signing of the Armistice of November 11, 1918. Though the fighting stopped, the war's potential to resume still existed and peace was only reached when representatives of Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The United States entered the war after it had been raging for years. When it did send men to the fronts of Europe, the U.S. armed forces remained segregated, with all-black and all-white units. Despite the segregation, many African Americans still volunteered to join the Allied war effort. By the time of the armistice with Germany, more than 350,000 African Americans had joined the military and risked their lives to serve with the American Expeditionary Force on the Western Front.


1919 Norfolk race riot, Background
In days prior to the riot, tensions were inflamed when civil unrest broke out in the nearby Washington Race Riot. Dozens were killed and even more injured in that riot.


1919 Norfolk race riot, Incident
In July 1919, residents of Norfolk, Virginia, planned a week-long celebration to honor the return of black troops to their city. During the celebration, it was alleged that a fight broke out between African Americans attending the event. White police moved in to make arrests, which sparked a riot that quickly spread to the black neighborhoods of the city. Alarmed, the city authorities called in police reserves and requested help from the navy. The naval base armed 100 sailors and 18 marines, and sent them into the fray to restore order. The clashes between whites and blacks that day resulted in two deaths and several injuries. Police officers C.H. Sheldon and B.C. Vick were shot in the foot and the leg, respectively.


1919 Norfolk race riot, Aftermath
The uprising in Norfolk was one of several incidents of civil unrest that are now known as the American Red Summer of 1919. Attacks on black communities and white oppression spread to more than three dozen cities and counties. In most cases, white mobs attacked African American neighborhoods. In some cases, black community groups resisted the attacks, especially in Chicago and Washington, D.C. Most deaths occurred in rural areas during events like the Elaine race riot in Arkansas, where an estimated 100 to 240 blacks and 5 whites were killed. Other major events of Red Summer were the Chicago race riot and Washington D.C. Race Riot, which caused 38 and 39 deaths, respectively. Both riots had many more non-fatal injuries and extensive property damage reaching up into the millions of dollars.


1919 North Carolina Tar Heels football team
The 1919 North Carolina Tar Heels football team represented the University of North Carolina in the 1919 college football season.


1919 North Dakota Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1919 North Dakota Agricultural Aggies football team was an American football team that represented North Dakota Agricultural College (now known as North Dakota State University) as an independent during the 1919 college football season. In their first year under head coach Stanley Borleske, the team compiled a 5–1–1 record.


1919 North Londonderry by-election
The North Londonderry by-election of 1919 was held on 4 March 1919. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Irish Unionist MP, Hugh Anderson. It was won by the Irish Unionist candidate Hugh T. Barrie. Barrie's Sinn Féin opponent, Patrick McGilligan, would later become Irish Minister for External Affairs.


1919 Northwestern Purple football team
The 1919 Northwestern Purple team represented Northwestern University during the 1919 college football season. In their first and only year under head coach Charlie Bachman, the Purple compiled a 2–5 record (1–4 against Big Ten Conference opponents) and finished in eighth place in the Big Ten Conference.


1919 Norwegian Football Cup
The 1919 Norwegian Football Cup was the 18th season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The tournament was open for all members of NFF. Odd won their seventh title, having beaten Frigg in the final. Kvik (Fredrikshald) were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Fram (Larvik) in the quarterfinal.


1919 Norwegian local elections, Result of municipal elections
Results of the 1919 municipal elections. Results can only be given separately by rural areas and cities.


1919 Norwegian prohibition referendum
A referendum on introducing prohibition was held in Norway on 5 and 6 October 1919. Partial prohibition had been in effect since 1917, and the prohibition proposal did not include all types of alcohol, only spirits. The proposal was approved by 61.6% of voters. A second referendum on whether the prohibition should be maintained was held in 1926, resulting in an overturning of the law.


1919 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1919 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame during the 1919 college football season,  led by second-year head coach Knute Rockne. The team won all nine games and was selected retroactively as a co-national champion by the National Championship Foundation and Parke H. Davis.


1919 Oglethorpe Stormy Petrels football team
The 1919 Oglethorpe Stormy Petrels football team represented Oglethorpe University in the sport of American football during the 1919 college football season. Games were won and lost by a nose with the forward pass being a constant struggle for the Stormy Petrels. The season, despite heavy losses, put Oglethorpe on the map through their athletic prowess and gentlemanly conduct, which set Oglethorpe up for membership in the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) after the following year, and the difficult schedule also prepared them for their tough opponents in years to come. The season was especially tough due to the lack of home games. The closest game Oglethorpe played to home was at Mercer University. Throughout the season the team traveled over 3,000 miles, and played in Tennessee, Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida. Everett Strupper was the team's backfield coach.


1919 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The 1919 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented Ohio State University in the 1919 college football season. The Buckeyes compiled a 6–1 record. Outscoring opponents 176–12, the Buckeyes scored their first 133 points in the first three games. This season represents the first time Ohio State beat Michigan in the rivalry.


1919 Oklahoma A&M Aggies football team
The 1919 Oklahoma A&M Aggies football team represented Oklahoma A&M College in the 1919 college football season. This was the 19th year of football at A&M and the second under Jim Pixlee. The Aggies played their home games at Lewis Field in Stillwater, Oklahoma. They finished the season 3–3–2 overall and 0–2 in the Southwest Conference.


1919 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1919 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 1919 college football season. In their 15th year under head coach Bennie Owen, the Sooners compiled a 5–2–3 record (2–1 against conference opponents), and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 275 to 63.


1919 Oklahoma Sooners football team
Four Sooners received All-Southwest Conference honors: Paul Johnston, Hugh McDermott, Sol Swatek, Claude Tyler.


1919 Oldenburg state election
The 1919 Oldenburg state election was held on 23 February 1919 to elect the 48 members of the constituent assembly of the Free State of Oldenburg. The election was held in Birkenfeld on 9 March.


1919 Ole Miss Rebels football team
The 1919 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi during the 1919 college football season. The season was the first under R. L. Sullivan.


1919 Ontario general election
The 1919 Ontario general election, held on October 20, 1919, elected 111 Members of the 15th Legislative Assembly of Ontario ("MLAs"). The United Farmers of Ontario captured the most seats but only a minority of the legislature. They joined with 11 Labour MPPs and three others to form a coalition government, ending the 14-year rule of the Ontario Conservatives.


1919 Ontario general election
It was the 15th general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. This was the first general election in which women could vote and run for office, under Acts passed in 1917 and 1919 respectively.


1919 Ontario general election
The young United Farmers of Ontario defeated the Ontario Conservative Party, led by Sir William Howard Hearst. He aimed to win a fifth consecutive term for the Conservatives, but instead the party became the first in Ontario history to fall from first to third place. As newspaperman John Willison later remarked, "There could not have been a worse time for a general election."


1919 Ontario general election, Campaign
Hearst aimed to save money by holding the election on the same day as the scheduled referendum on prohibition.


1919 Ontario general election, Campaign
The parties had different strategies for fielding candidates. Only the Conservatives attempted to field a full slate, while the UFO focused on rural ridings, and the Liberals tried to avoid direct contests with UFO candidates.


1919 Ontario general election, Campaign
The UFO's leader, R.H. Halbert, did not campaign, as he had been elected to the House of Commons of Canada in an earlier by-election. It had only two incumbent MPPs, Beniah Bowman and John Wesley Widdifield, who had entered the legislature by winning by-elections in Manitoulin and Ontario North.


1919 Ontario general election, Impact
The UFO emerged from the vote with the largest bloc of seats, joining the eleven Labour MLAs to form a coalition government. Liberal-UFO MLA David James Taylor of Grey North and "Soldier" MLA Joseph McNamara of Riverdale and Labour-UFO MLA Karl Homuth of Waterloo South were also members of the governing caucus giving Drury's coalition 58 seats in total.


1919 Ontario general election, Impact
Upon hearing the news of the Conservative defeat, Hearst noted:


1919 Ontario general election, Impact
I will not make any prophecy as to what will take place. I thought the Government was going to sweep the country, and I was not alone in that, for a great many Liberals who were supporting me thought so, too. The Temperance Act no doubt had a great deal to do with my defeat, but I did what I felt was right, and if I had it to do over again, I would do the same thing.


1919 Ontario general election, Impact
Three days after the election, James J. Morrison, Secretary of the UFO, issued the following statement:


1919 Ontario general election, Impact
The members-elect of the United Farmers of Ontario, after due consideration of the matter, have decided that it would be unwise for them to enter into alliance with either of the old Parties as parties. They are prepared to assume the fullest share of responsibility and form a Government in co-operation with such members of other parties as are in sympathy with their platform and principles and are free to give support thereto. In the formation of a Cabinet full consideration will be given to the various interests of the Province.


1919 Ontario general election, Impact
Ernest C. Drury agreed to lead the new government as Premier of Ontario, and a UFO-Labour coalition cabinet was formed. Although he was Vice-President of the UFO, Drury had not been a candidate in the election and had to run in a by-election to enter the legislature following his appointment to the office of Premier.


1919 Ontario general election, Impact
The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Hartley Dewart, maintained and increased the size of its caucus by a small number. The Conservative Party lost the most ground to the UFO and Labour.


1919 Ontario prohibition referendum
An Ontario prohibition referendum was held on October 20, 1919 (in conjunction with the 15th provincial election) on the legality of alcoholic beverages and the maintaining of prohibition. Prohibition had been passed by the provincial government in 1916 under the Ontario Temperance Act, though a clause required a referendum to be held in 1919 on whether the Act should be repealed and the previous licensing laws subsequently revived. A subsequent Act in 1919 provided three further questions for consideration, and subsequent implementation on approval. A majority voted against all four questions, and prohibition was maintained.


1919 Ontario prohibition referendum, Referendum questions
Unlike past prohibition referendums, the four questions were binding upon receiving a majority vote.


1919 Ontario prohibition referendum, Results
As the majority voted no on all four questions, prohibition was not repealed.


1919 Ontario prohibition referendum, Gallery
1919 Ontario referendum ballot, with suggested answers, as shown in The Acton Free Press (October 16, 1919)


1919 Ontario prohibition referendum, Gallery
A 1919 newspaper advertisement by the Ontario Referendum Committee in support of the Ontario Temperance Act


1919 Ontario prohibition referendum, Gallery
A 1919 advertisement by the Citizens' Liberty League in its campaign to repeal Prohibition in Ontario


1919 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1919 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team represented Oregon Agricultural College (now known as Oregon State University) in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1919 college football season. In their second and final season under head coach Bill Hargiss, the Aggies compiled a 4–4–1 record (1–3 against PCC opponents), finished in last place in the PCC, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 143 to 64. The team played its home games at Bell Field in Corvallis, Oregon. Raymond Archibald was the team captain.


1919 Oregon Webfoots football team
The 1919 Oregon Webfoots football team represented the University of Oregon in the 1919 college football season. It was the Webfoots' 27th overall and fourth season as a member of the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC). Home games were played at Kincaid Field and Hayward Field in Eugene, and at Multnomah Field in Portland.


1919 Oregon Webfoots football team
Under second-year head coach Charles A. Huntington, Oregon was 5–1 in the regular season and 2–1 in the PCC; the second loss was by a point to undefeated Harvard in the Rose Bowl on New Year's Day.


1919 Oregon Webfoots football team
The inaugural game at Hayward Field was the rivalry against Oregon Agricultural on November 15. It hosted varsity football through 1966, and continues as an elite track and field venue.


1919 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo)
1919 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo) was the 13th water polo championship in Hungary. There were four teams who played one round match for the title.


1919 Országos Bajnokság I (men's water polo), Final list
* M: Matches W: Win D: Drawn L: Lost G+: Goals earned G-: Goals got P: Point


1919 Ottawa Rough Riders season
The 1919 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in 4th place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 2–4 record and failed to qualify for the playoffs.


1919 Ottawa municipal election
The city of Ottawa, Canada held municipal elections on January 6, 1919 to elect members of the 1919 Ottawa City Council.


1919 Ottawa municipal election
The election saw a woman elected in the city for the first time, with Marion McDougall (wife of the late John Lorn McDougall) being elected as a public school trustee in Dalhousie Ward.


1919 Ottawa municipal election, Mayor of Ottawa
Fisher won seven of the city's nine wards, while Parent won the city's two francophone wards, By and Ottawa.


1919 Ottawa municipal election, Plebiscites
The plebiscite lost in all but three wards, but won St. George Ward (which the bridge would connect with Downtown) by a large enough margin to pass city-wide by just nine votes. Despite the result, a bridge would not be built at that location until the Corktown Footbridge was built in 2006.


1919 Ottoman general election
General elections were held in the Ottoman Empire in 1919 and were the last official elections held in the Empire. Due to the dearth of political parties, the elections were dominated by the Association for the Defense of the Rights of Anatolia and Rumelia (Turkish: Anadolu ve Rumeli Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti), which consisted of nationalist local groups protesting against the Allied occupation of Turkey.


1919 Ottoman general election, Background
Called on 22 October 1919 under the Amasya Protocol agreement between the Ottoman government and the Turkish National Movement in Ankara, the elections followed the end of World War I and the defeat of the Empire. The disbanding of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) led to the creation of several parties previously banned or repressed under the CUP regime, including the reformation of the Freedom and Accord Party (Liberal Entente). However, Freedom and Accord did not take a role in the elections in the face of the Defence of Rights Association groups supporting resistance against the Allies.


1919 Ottoman general election, Aftermath
The newly elected Parliament convened in Istanbul (contrary to the Amasya Protocol, which had called for it to convene outside of Istanbul) on 12 January 1920. However, its approval of the Misak-ı Millî (National Pact) with the Turkish revolutionaries in Ankara led to Allied forces occupying Istanbul on 16 March. Several MPs were arrested and deported. Sultan Mehmed VI dissolved Parliament on 11 April.


1919 Ottoman general election, Aftermath
After this, the Allies did not allow new Ottoman governments to form in support of the Turkish revolutionaries in, which meant that Ottoman officials participating in government after 11 April 1920 were collaborating with the Allies against the Ankara government.


1919 Oxford University by-election
The 1919 Oxford University by-election was held on 19–24 March 1919 after the incumbent Coalition Conservative MP, Rowland Prothero was created as the first Lord Ernle. It was retained by the Conservative candidate Prof. Charles Oman.


1919 PCHA season
The 1919 PCHA season was the eighth season of the professional men's ice hockey Pacific Coast Hockey Association league. Season play ran from January 1 to March 10. The season was increased to 20 games per team.


1919 PCHA season
The Vancouver Millionaires club were the regular season PCHA champions, but lost the playoff to Seattle Metropolitans. The Mets then played in the 1919 Stanley Cup Finals against the National Hockey League champion Montreal Canadiens. Due to the outbreak of flu at the time, the series was not completed.


1919 PCHA season, League business
The Portland franchise was suspended for the season. Victoria's Patrick Arena was again available for ice hockey use. Victoria was re-activated and took over the contracts of the Rosebud players.


1919 PCHA season, Regular season
Hap Holmes returned to the PCHA to Seattle from Toronto. Vancouver got Art Duncan back from World War I, and picked up Fred Harris from Portland. Seattle's Cully Wilson was suspended from the league for breaking Mickey MacKay's jaw in a fight, using his stick to cross-check MacKay in the face. While Cyclone Taylor won the goal-scoring title with 23 goals, the second-place Bernie Morris scored five goals against Victoria on February 14. Third-place Smokey Harris scored five goals against Victoria on March 10.


1919 PCHA season, Regular season, Final standings
Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals AgainstTeams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold


1919 PCHA season, Playoffs
In a reversal of the previous year's playoffs, the second-place Metropolitans defeated the first-place Vancouver Millionaires. Vancouver was missing Mickey MacKay due to injury and coaxed Si Griffis out of retirement for the last two games of the season and the playoffs.


1919 PCHA season, Playoffs
Frank Foyston was the star of the first game, scoring three goals for Seattle. The 6–1 win was enough to hold the series, as they dropped the return game in Vancouver, where Harris scored two in a losing cause.


1919 PCHA season, Playoffs, Stanley Cup Finals
The Mets then played against the NHL champions Montreal Canadiens. Due to the outbreak of flu at the time, players from both teams were hospitalized, and the series was not completed.


1919 PCHA season, Playoffs, Stanley Cup Finals
Series ended 2–2–1 and no winner awarded – playoffs were curtailed due to the influenza epidemic


1919 PCHA season, Playoffs, Stanley Cup Finals
All games were actually played in Seattle, but Seattle is listed as the home team for games played under PCHA rules, and Montreal is the "home" team for games played under NHL rules.


1919 PGA Championship
The 1919 PGA Championship was the second PGA Championship, which is now considered one of golf's major championships. It was held September 16–20 at the Engineers Country Club in Roslyn Harbor, New York, east of New York City on Long Island in Nassau County.


1919 PGA Championship
The PGA Championship was not held in 1917 or 1918 due to World War I. The field of 32 golfers qualified by sectional tournaments. They competed in 36-hole match play rounds in a single-elimination tournament. Defending champion Jim Barnes defeated Fred McLeod, 6 & 5, in the final.


1919 Pacific Tigers football team
The 1919 Pacific Tigers football team represented the College of the Pacific—now known as the University of the Pacific—in Stockton, California during the 1919 college football season. The game against Nevada on October 15 was the worst loss in Pacific football history, and the largest margin-of-victory for Nevada's football program. Although they finished 1–4, the win against Mare Island at the end of the season was the first victory for the Pacific program since their establishment in 1895.


1919 Paraguayan Primera División season
The 1919 season of the Paraguayan Primera División, the top category of Paraguayan football, was played by 10 teams. The national champions were Cerro Porteño.


1919 Paris–Roubaix
The 1919 Paris–Roubaix was the 20th edition of the Paris–Roubaix, a classic one-day cycle race in France. The single day event was held on 20 April 1919 and stretched 280 km (174 mi) from Paris to its end in a velodrome in Roubaix. The winner was Henri Pélissier from France.


1919 Paris–Tours
The 1919 Paris–Tours was the 14th edition of the Paris–Tours cycle race and was held on 8 June 1919. The race started in Paris and finished in Tours. The race was won by Hector Tiberghien.


1919 Penn Quakers football team
The 1919 Penn Quakers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pennsylvania as an independent during the 1919 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach Bob Folwell, the Quakers compiled a 6–2–1 record, shut out five of nine opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 283 to 40. The team played its home games at Franklin Field in Philadelphia.


1919 Penn Quakers football team
Bert Bell, who later served as commissioner of the National Football League, was the team captain. End Heinie Miller was selected by Walter Camp as a first-team All-American.


1919 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The 1919 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented the Pennsylvania State University in the 1919 college football season. The team was coached by Hugo Bezdek and played its home games in New Beaver Field in State College, Pennsylvania.


1919 Peruvian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Peru on 25 August 1919. The proposed reforms were approved by voters.


1919 Peruvian constitutional referendum, Background
On 7 April 1919 President-elect Augusto B. Leguía launched a presidential coup. On 10 July he issued two decrees, one calling Congressional elections for 24 August and one for a referendum on constitutional reform on the following day. The newly elected Congress would be able to discuss and supplement the constitution, but would be bound by the referendum result.


1919 Peruvian constitutional referendum, Amendments
The new constitution had 19 chapters. It provided for a presidential term of five years, with the President elected by Congress. Congress would be elected in whole every five years, whilst there would also be three Provincial Assemblies. It also provided for six years of free and compulsory primary education, limited the death penalty to cases of murder and treason, and ensured that martial law could not curtail personal freedoms.


1919 Peruvian constitutional referendum, Aftermath
After being approved by voters, the constitution was adopted by Congress on 27 December 1919 by a vote of 79 to 0.


1919 Peruvian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Peru in 1919. Augusto B. Leguía was elected with 62% of the vote.


1919 Petersham state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Petersham on 22 March 1919 because of the resignation of John Cohen (Nationalist) who had accepted an appointment as a Judge of the District Court. H. V. Evatt alleges that this was part of a deal between William Holman and the Liberals that had led to the Nationalist government in 1917.


1919 Philadelphia Athletics season
The 1919 Philadelphia Athletics season involved the A's finishing last in the American League with a record of 36 wins and 104 losses. It was their fifth consecutive season in the cellar after owner-manager Connie Mack sold off his star players.


1919 Philadelphia Athletics season
Philadelphia led the AL in fewest runs scored and most runs allowed, and they did so by wide margins. Their team ERA was 4.26, nearly a full run higher than the second worst team in the league that year. The A's team batting average of .244 was the lowest in both leagues. The pitching staff pitched only one shutout in the entire season.


1919 Philadelphia Athletics season
In July 1919, a newspaper reported, "Veteran Harry Davis has been coaxed out of his retirement and has been made assistant manager of the Athletics." Although Connie Mack was the team's manager, the report said, "Mack hereafter will devote most of his time to business affairs of the club" and that the understanding was that Davis "really is in full charge of the team."


1919 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Philadelphia Phillies season
The following lists the events of the 1919 Philadelphia Phillies season.


1919 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Philadelphia mayoral election
The Philadelphia mayoral election of 1919 saw the election of J. Hampton Moore.


1919 Philippine House of Representatives elections
The elections for the members of the House of Representatives were held on June 3, 1919 pursuant to the Philippine Organic Act of 1902, which prescribed elections for every three years. The ruling Nacionalista Party increased its majority from 75 seats out of 90 seats in the 1916 election to 83 out of 90 seats in this election.


1919 Philippine Senate elections
Senatorial elections happened on June 3, 1919 in the Philippines under the Jones Law provisions. There were 717,295 registered voters, of whom 672,122, or 92 percent, voted.


1919 Philippine Senate elections, Electoral system
In a staggered election, the seats of the senators who were second place in 1916 were up for election. The Philippines is divided into 12 senatorial districts, of which all districts save for the 12th district, has one of its seats up. In the 12th district, any vacancy is filled via appointment of the Governor-General. The election itself is via first-past-the-post.


1919 Philippine legislative election
Elections for the Philippine Legislature were held on June 3, 1919, pursuant to the Philippine Organic Act of 1902  which prescribed elections for every three years. Voters elected all 90 members of the House of Representatives in the 1919 Philippine House of Representatives elections; and all 22 members of the Senate in the 1919 Philippine Senate elections.


1919 Phillips Haymakers football team
The 1919 Phillips Haymakers football team represented Phillips University during the 1919 college football season. John Maulbetsch arranged a game against the Texas Longhorns in 1919, the first meeting between the schools. When the game was announced The San Antonio Light reported: "Phillips University has one of the strongest teams in the Southwest. The only team to beat them in the past two years is Oklahoma and last year Phillips beat the Sooners 13–7." The report credited Maulbetsch for securing success at an institution little known in athletics before he arrived. The University of Texas had not lost a game since 1917 when the Phillips "Haymakers" arrived in Austin, Texas on October 11, 1919. Maulbetsch's team shocked the Longhorns, holding them scoreless and winning the contest, 10–0. One Texas newspaper reported that Phillips had "whitewashed the Longhorns in their own corral."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
The 1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pittsburgh as an independent during the 1919 college football season. In its fifth season under head coach Pop Warner, the team compiled a 6–2–1 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 119 to 66. The team played its home games at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
"The favorable reaction in the realm of sport since the great war, affected Pitt as well as every other university. The year 1919 saw the Gold and Blue represented in almost every branch of sport – football, basketball, track, swimming and tennis. This year sees a revival in baseball and boxing – and a new sport, aviation makes its initial bow, Pitt being the seventh charter member admitted to the Inter-collegiate Flying Association."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
William J. Foster was appointed student manager for the 1919–20 football season by Karl E. Davis, and Jimmy DeHart, "the idol of football lovers of Pittsburgh and one of the greatest all-around athletes ever developed at the University of Pittsburgh," was unanimously elected Captain of the 1919 team by a mail-in vote.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
According to Karl E. Davis, Graduate Manager of Athletics, in his preseason prospectus for The Pitt Weekly, the team will assemble at Camp Hamilton, Windber on September 8 for three weeks of preseason practice. "The Engineering School students will be there all summer and the camp will be improved in a number of ways, so that it will be more complete than ever." Coach Warner will welcome seven returning lettermen from the 1918 championship team – Harvey Harman, Herb Stein, Herb McCracken, Lou Mavis, Tom Davies and William Horner. In addition,"a number of men from the service who are experienced and who are eligible under the residence rule will help considerably," among these being Andy Hastings, Jimmy DeHart, James Morrow, John McLean, Harold Krotzer, James Bond, Gus Aschman, Frank McDonald, Cliff Brown and Merle Hileman.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
"I will say that those who are busily predicting another clean sweep for Pitt are taking a great deal for granted and, I believe, are failing to give due consideration to the probable strength of some of our opponents. Manager Davis has arranged what looks like the hardest schedule Pitt has ever undertaken... There is not a point in the schedule where Pitt will be able to let down. It is too much to expect a team to go along year after year without suffering a defeat, and it may be that the Panthers will meet their Waterloo before the coming campaign is very far advanced."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Geneva
The Pitt Panthers kicked off the 1919 season in Beaver Falls on October 5 with a game against the Covenanters of Geneva College. Third year coach Philip Henry Bridenbaugh led Geneva to a 4–2 record in 1918. "The Genevans have been preparing for this battle for some time and are declared to be in the best of physical condition. Geneva has a veteran eleven this year, depending for the most part upon the same classy outfit that won fame last fall by defeating Washington & Jefferson and putting up such a stiff battle against the strong Wissahickson Barracks gridders."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Geneva
"Glenn Warner's University of Pittsburgh football squad today opened its season with a 33 to 0 victory over Geneva College. The game was unimpressive except to show that Captain Jimmy DeHart and Andy Hastings, stars of the 1917 team, had lost none of their ability. These two alone defeated the Beaver Falls boys. Between them they scored the four touchdowns made in the first half, and Hastings kicked three of the resultant goals. They ran around the ends and through the line at will." Coach Warner played the reserves in the second half.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Geneva
The third quarter was scoreless but in the fourth, Jim Bond blocked a Geneva punt and Fred Ewing pounced on it in the end zone for the last touchdown. William Horner kicked the goal after to close out the scoring. Harry Daugherty veteran of the Argonne, who came through the war unscathed, suffered a broken ankle and was out for the remainder of the season.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Geneva
On the Tuesday after the game this note appeared in The Pittsburgh Post: "Pitt admits the Covenanters scored a safety, which in the excitement of the struggle was called a touchback. The officials who handled the game have decided that the play was a safety, which entitles Geneva to two points, and the score will go into the official records as 33 to 2."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Geneva
The lineup for Pitt against Geneva was John McCrory (left end), Harvey Harman (left tackle), Oscar Kratzert (left guard), Herb Stein (center), John McLean (right guard), Gus Aschman (right tackle), Herb McCracken (right end), Thomas Hamberger (quarterback), Tom Davies (left halfback), Jimmy DeHart (right halfback) and Andy Hastings (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Fred Ewing, Alvar Ginn, Harold Krotzert, John Laughran, Merle Hileman, James Bond, Harry Daugherty, Cullen Gourley, Frank Eckert, Alex Meanor, Bernard Peters and Frank Masley. The game was played in two 12-minute quarters and two 10-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
The fifteenth meeting with the West Virginia Mountaineers took place in Pittsburgh on October 11, 1919. The unbeaten (2–0) Mountaineers were led by third year coach Mont McIntire and had scored 116 points in two games, while giving up 0. The Mountaineers did not play in 1918 but had a veteran team and a consensus All-America fullback in Ira Rogers.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
Coach Warner "realizes that the Mountaineers are going to invade Pittsburgh 'loaded for bear,' and that they are confident of returning home with a victory. He also realizes that their confidence is well grounded, and that it is going to take a much better brand of football than the Panthers showed against Geneva to stave off the invaders."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
On Wednesday (October 8) Harry Keck of The Gazette Times wrote: "West Virginia has one of the greatest teams the country has seen in several years and a loss to her will be far from a disgrace."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
On Sunday he changed his tune: "A combination of the 'breaks,' superior football and a sloppy field enabled the University of Pittsburgh eleven to trample the husky West Virginia Mountaineers in a sea of mud at Forbes Field yesterday afternoon 26 to 0. Four touchdowns were scored by Pitt. The largest opening day crowd in the history of Pitt football turned out for the game and packed all parts of the grandstand. It was estimated that the attendance ran close to 20,000."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
Pitt scored in the first period on a 3-yard plunge by Andy Hastings. Hastings missed the goal kick. The second quarter was scoreless. Pitt led 6 – 0 at the halftime. In the third stanza two touchdowns were scored. Herb Stein scooped up a fumbled punt on the Mountaineers' 30-yard line and ran across the goal line. Hastings kicked the goal. West Virginia fumbled a few plays later on their 6-yard line and Pitt recovered. Hastings passed to Tom Davies for the score. The kick was unsuccessful. Pitt led 19–0 after three quarters. The final score came after an eleven play sustained drive from midfield and ended with a three-yard dash through left guard by Hastings. Hastings kicked goal to end the scoring: Pitt 26 to West Virginia 0. West Virginia finished the season with an 8–2 record.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, West Virginia
The Pitt lineup for the game against West Virginia was John McCrory (left end), Harvey Harman (left tackle), James Bond (left guard), Herb Stein (center), John McLean (right guard), Lou Mervis (right tackle), Fred Ewing (right end), Jimmy DeHart (quarterback), Tom Davies (left halfback), Andy Hastings (right halfback) and James Morrow (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Thomas Hamberger, John Laughran, Oscar Kratzert, Frank Eckert, Cliff Brown, Herb McCracken, Louis Markowitz, Frank Masley, Abe Breman and Gus Aschman. The game was played in 12-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
The second road game for the 1919 Panthers was a train trip on the P. & L. E. to Syracuse, New York to take on the Syracuse Orangemen at Archbold Stadium. Frank "Buck" O'Neill was in his eighth and final year at the helm of the Syracuse eleven and he had a veteran team that stood 3-0, having just beaten a strong Army team. Starting guard, Doc Alexander, was a 1919 consensus All-American and center Harry Robertson also received mention.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
Carlton Ketchum of The Pittsburg Press set the scene: "Is the old Pitt Panther in for a tail-twisting today? Well, if you buy your eye-glasses in Syracuse, there's nothing else to it. The Syracusans are reported to be in the best condition of the season. They have been thinking of little else than the Pitt game ever since their campaign opened. They want to beat Pitt and that's all there is to it." The Panthers are fairly healthy as DeHart, Mervis and Morrow have mended. Pitt's attack should be able to make it interesting for the Orangemen.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
According to Harry Keck of The Gazette Times Coach Warner was worried: "Unless I miss my guess by a whole lot, Syracuse will go into tomorrow's game feeling itself the underdog, while it will require a bit of picking up to make my men fight their hardest. Some sort of a letdown is to be expected from a team which was primed last week as was Pitt for West Virginia. If that letdown is too great there is a real reason for us to worry over the outcome of the Syracuse game."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
The 1921 Owl Year Book had the best recap: "Pitt, 3; Syracuse, 24. This is the game we would like to forget. It was on this occasion that Pitt suffered its first defeat in five seasons. We hand it to Syracuse; they turned the trick in a very capable manner. The Orange team gave decided evidence of genuine superiority, in both offense and defense. Pitt fought hard and with the best that was in them, but to no avail. Andy Hasting's field goal from the thirty-yard line was all that saved Pitt from a shutout."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
The Gazette Times gave it historical perspective: "Three years ago this month one of the greatest upsets in the history of football was put across on the gridiron of the magnificent Archbold Stadium in this city. The great Syracuse team with its boasted All-American stars was crushed in the path of Glenn Warner's steam rolling Pitt Panther machine succumbing by a score of 30 to 0, when the entire football world was looking for a Syracuse triumph.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
Today on the same gridiron, with Pitt, unbeaten by a collegiate foe through four full seasons, and parts of two others and the favorite in the advance dope, the well-known worm turned. Once more the dope was upset a thousand ways. Syracuse winning by the decisive score of 24 to 3, and winning on its merits." The Orangemen finished the season with an 8-3 record.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
Quarterback Willard Ackley scored all but six of the Syracuse points. He ran for two touchdowns, kicked three touchdown goals and added a field goal from placement. Substitute fullback D. Martin scored the other Syracuse touchdown.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
Pitt Captain Jimmy Dehart praised the Orangemen: "I want to say that Syracuse played absolutely clean and fair football and deserved to win. It is the best team I ever have played against."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Syracuse
The Pitt lineup for the game against Syracuse was John McCrory (left end), Harvey Harman (left tackle), John McLean (left guard), Herb Stein (center), James Bond (right guard), Lou Mervis (right tackle), Fred Ewing (right end), Jimmy DeHart (quarterback), Tom Davies (left halfback), Andy Hastings (right halfback), and Jim Morrow (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Cliff Brown, Adolph Herskowitz, Thomas Hamberger, Oscar Kratzert, John Laughran and Abe Breman. The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
On Monday, October 20 The Atlanta Constitution noted: "'On to Pittsburg' is the cry of the Yellow Jackets this week, and they will hop the old rattler for Pittsburgh and other points on Wednesday. The Jackets see at least there is one team in the country that can take Pitt's measure, and they are going to do their best to make it number two next Saturday." It is practically assured that the Tech band will make the trip and startle the natives with that famous old tune, better known as Ramblin Wreck.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
The 1919 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets were led by John Heisman in his sixteenth and final year at the helm. The Jackets had a record of 5—0 and had not given up any points. They would go on and finish the season with a 7—3 record. Their lineup was stocked with all-star players. End Bill Fincher, halfback Buck Flowers and fullback Judy Harlan were on the composite eleven All-Southern team. End Al Slaton, guards Dummy Lebey and Ham Dowling, and center Pup Phillips received numerous mentions.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
Pitt was banged up from the Syracuse game and starters John McCrory and James Morrow did not even suit up. "Andy Hastings, Jimmy DeHart, James Bond and Harvey Harman were far from being fit." "Against this banged up outfit Georgia Tech was prepared to send the cream of its talent. With all the men in good condition revenge for the 1918 defeat is predicted by their rooters."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
With the strong opening headline: Pitt Wallops Georgia Tech - Ralph S. Davis of The Pittsburg Press praised the Panthers: "'The Golden Tornado' is only a "brass breeze" after all! Before the weakest football team that the University of Pittsburgh has had in half a dozen years, the highly touted Georgia Tech aggregation went down to defeat yesterday at Forbes Field, by the score of 16 to 6."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
Les Rawlings of The Atlanta Constitution praised the Yellow Jackets: "Staging one of the most brilliant comebacks in the history of the game, the Golden Tornado of Georgia Tech held the University of Pittsburgh Panthers to a 16-to-6 score after the easterners had snowed them under an avalanche of thirteen counters in the first quarter. But after the first quarter, Tech fought with her back to the wall, and the Panthers were outplayed from that stage of the encounter to the finish of the fight, the game ending with the ball in Pitt's possession on Tech's 10-yard line."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
"In just five minutes of play, the Panthers scored the first touchdown on a forward pass. Hastings to Davies to DeHart, Jimmy going over at the extreme corner of the field." Hastings kicked goal and Pitt led 7 to 0. "It was no time at all until Pitt was headed goalward again. Tom Davies eased around end for fifty yards and placed the ball on the visitors 7-yard line. In a couple plunges Hastings slid through for the second score." He missed the goal after and Pitt led 13 to 0.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
"Late in the second quarter...Davies dropped back and kicked a beautiful field goal from the 27-yard line, bringing the Panther total up to 16 points." The halftime score read 16 to 0. The Georgians scored in the third period. "The score came after a steady march of sixty yards down the field, with the famous jump shift being used as the ground-gainer." Tech fullback Harlan finally plunged into the end zone for the score. Fincher missed the goal kick and the final tally was Pitt 16 – Georgia Tech 6.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
Coach Heisman gave Pitt credit: "Pitt was the tornado, while Tech seemed to be doing little but hunting the cyclone cellar. In a word, Tech was completely outplayed and lost the game through what happened in that first quarter before they came out of their trance and buckled down to the brand of football they are capable of playing."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Georgia Tech
The Pitt lineup for the game against Georgia Tech was Alvar Ginn (left end), Harvey Harman (left tackle), Alex Meanor (left guard), Herb Stein (center), John McLean (right guard), Lou Mervis (right tackle), Fred Ewing (right end), Herb McCracken (quarterback), Tom Davies (left halfback), Jimmy DeHart (right halfback) and Andy Hastings (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Cliff Brown, Oscar Kratzert, John Laughran, Abe Breman and Gus Aschman. The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Lehigh
The third road trip of 1919 took the Panthers east to South Bethlehem, PA to face the undefeated and unscored upon Lehigh Brown and White football team. Coach Tom Keady was in his eighth year at Lehigh and had his team off to a 5-0 record. The Lehigh lineup had to be adjusted due to some injuries. Captain and starting guard Bucky McDonald would not play. Starting backs Douglas and Hezelman would only play if necessary.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Lehigh
Coach Warner announced that a patched up lineup would represent the Pitt Panthers against Lehigh. Quarterback Jimmy Dehart and guard John McLean would not start. Tackle Lou Mervis was in the hospital in Pittsburgh and neither end John McCrory nor fullback Jim Morrow made the trip. Harry Keck of The Gazette Times reported: "The reason for this makeshift lineup is plain. Warner is keeping his cripples out to give them a chance to get into as good shape as possible for the battle with W. & J. at Forbes Field next week."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Lehigh
Florent Gibson of The Pittsburgh Sunday Post described the action with his usual flair: "Turning what seemed destined to result in a scoreless tie, a drawn battle, into a glorious, scintillating, feverishly hilarious triumph, Pitt's wounded but indomitable Panthers – and Tom Davies – defeated a sturdy strong desperate Lehigh eleven on Taylor Stadium, this afternoon, 14 to 0 in the last seven minutes of play."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Lehigh
"Three times Pitt had the ball inside the Lehigh five-yard line but was unable to shove it across." In the second quarter, "Lehigh worked the ball to Pitt's five yard line in an aerial attack when Booth (Lehigh tackle) was caught kicking and a forty-seven yard penalty resulted. That penalty prevented Lehigh from scoring." "Finally, when darkness was closing in on the big crowd and rain began falling hard little Davies broke through the left side of the Lehigh line and ran 50 yards for the first score of the game."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Lehigh
Andy Hastings kicked goal and Pitt led 7 to 0. Pitt kicked off and five plays later - "Davies intercepted Wysocki's forward pass on the 48-yard line and sped over the chalk marks to a touchdown." Hastings kicked goal and Pitt led 14 to 0. The game ended with Pitt in possession on the Lehigh 47-yard line.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Lehigh
The Pitt lineup for the game against Lehigh was Frank McDonald (left end), Harvey Harman (left tackle), Alex Meanor (left guard), Herb Stein (center), Oscar Kratzert (right guard), James Bond (right tackle), Cliff Brown (right end), Herb McCracken (quarterback), Tom Davies (left halfback), John Laughran (right halfback) and Andy Hastings (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Frank Eckert, Thomas Hamberger and William Horner. The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The annual battle with Pitt's chief rival Washington & Jefferson took place November 8 on Forbes Field. Prior to the game, Pitt lodged a protest to the management of W. & J. that their All-American tackle, Wilbur “Fats” Henry, should not be allowed to play. Graduate Manager Karl E. Davis noted: "Henry has competed for four years in football for W. & J. against Pitt. The intercollegiate eligibility rules state specifically that the athletic time of any player is four years. Henry is therefore not eligible to compete for another or fifth year." The W. & J. management consented and Henry did not play.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
On November 4 Harry Keck of The Gazette Times reported:


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"Pittsburgh this morning is faced by the first really serious football ticket scandal in its history. With the Pitt-Wash-Jeff game slated for next Saturday, not a reserved seat ticket for it has been available for public purchase at any time, and it has been announced for several days that the supply of reserved seats has been completely exhausted. It was said that all reserved seats had been gobbled up by the students and alumni of the university and the students and alumni of Wash-Jeff.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The public, which is very welcome at less pretentious games, has every bit as much right as the alumni to buy tickets for the big games. The Pitt games are public affairs, not private games for the mere delectation of Pitt students and alumni. So far as the public is concerned, it has every right to cry out against the outrageousness of its treatment, and to demand a squarer deal in the future or quit patronizing Pitt games."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
For the third week in a row the Pitt eleven took on an undefeated, unscored upon opponent. W. & J. was led by David C. Morrow and had a 4-0 record with a 13-0 win over the same Syracuse team that defeated Pitt. The W. & J. lineup was intact except for Garbisch at tackle in place of All-American Henry.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The Gazette Times reported Saturday morning that the Pitt lineup was still not fully 100% healthy. John McCrory and Lou Mervis were out. Jim Morrow and Jimmy DeHart would play but sparingly. "Indications are that it will be clear and cold this afternoon, with the field in good shape. These are ideal football conditions."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
After the game Florent Gibson of The Pittsburgh Sunday Post noted: "Outrushing their hereditary foemen from Washington and Jefferson by 317 yards to 165, registering 14 earned first downs to the Red and Black's eight, crashing against their foe's goal line on six separate occasions to the three visits Wash-Jeff made deep in Blue and Gold territory, the Panthers of Pitt had to be content with a purely nominal 7-to-6 victory in their annual meeting at Forbes Field yesterday."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Harry Keck of The Gazette Times was impressed with the crowd: "The game was witnessed by the largest crowd in the history of the collegiate sport in Pittsburgh, all the seats and standing room being sold in advance of the game. The attendance was variously estimated as being between 30,000 and 35,000."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The first quarter was scoreless but at the start of the second, Pitt forced W. & J. to punt. Andy Hastings caught the ball on the Pitt 44-yard line and returned "the ball 26 yards by a fine exhibition of broken field running. John Laughran got five around end, and Hastings plunged through the line for first down on W. & J. 's 23-yard line. After two more plays, Davies threw a forward pass to Laughran, putting the ball on W. & J. 's 4-yard line. Laughran fumbled the ball, but Harman recovered it.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Davies made a yard at right end, and Hastings put the ball on the 1-yard line. On the next play Hastings went over for Pitt's first and only touchdown. Meanor and Harman making the hole for him. Hastings kicked the goal, and the score was 7 to 0 in Pitt's favor." For the next two and a half quarters, the ball went up and down the field but neither team could score. Late in the fourth quarter, Pitt held W. & J. on downs at their 14-yard line.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Hastings attempted to punt out of danger and W. & J. end Carroll came through the line and blocked the punt, scooped it up and scored the touchdown. Russ Stein, W. & J. tackle and brother of Pitt center Herb Stein, attempted the goal kick. "As the kick went low, the cheers that went up from the Pitt adherents could have been heard for blocks around. The game was the Panthers'; they felt it; they knew it." Washington & Jefferson finished the season with 6—2 record.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The Pitt lineup for the game against Washington & Jefferson was Fred Ewing (left end), Harvey Harman (left tackle), Alex Meanor (left guard), Herb Stein (center), John McLean (right guard), James Bond (right tackle), Frank Eckert (right end), Herb McCracken (quarterback), Tom Davies (left halfback), Jimmy DeHart (right halfback) and Andy Hastings (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were James Morrow, William Thomas and John Laughran. The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
For the first season since 1903, the Pitt football team had a fourth road game. This Pennsylvania RR train ride was across the state to Philadelphia to play the Penn Quakers on Franklin Field. The Quakers were led by fourth year coach Bob Folwell and had a 5-2 record, having lost their last two games to Penn State and Dartmouth. The Quakers lineup featured Walter Camp first team All-American end Heinie Miller, team Captain and quarterback Bert Bell (future Commissioner of the NFL) and tackle Lou Little (future College Football Hall of Fame coach). The Quaker lineup for the Pitt game had two changes from the Dartmouth game. “Hopper will be at left end, in place of Ray Miller, and Maynard will be at left tackle, in place of Johnny Titzel.”


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
The Pitt band and several hundred rooters traveled with the squad. "All the reserved seat tickets for the game have been sold and one of the largest crowds that ever stormed Franklin Field for football is certain to be on hand to witness the battle." The Panther lineup was still missing Mervis at tackle and Jimmy DeHart made the trip but could not play due to an ankle injury.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
"The ferocious Panther of Pittsburgh and the Fighting Quaker of Franklin Field battled each other to a three to three deadlock yesterday before the largest crowd that ever saw Penn play football on her gridiron. No less than 30,000 pairs of eyes were focused on Captain Bert Bell when he drop-kicked a field goal from the 36-yard line for Penn's three points. This feat came before the game had been in progress five minutes.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
In the middle of the second period, all but a few of those same 30,000 fanatics were chagrined when (Andy) Hastings, the big Panther full-back, tied up the score by booting a placement goal from the 38-yard line. These two scores represented the fruits of the offensive strength of both teams." The game then turned into a kicking duel, but neither kicker was reliable. Bell missed four drop-kicks and Hastings flubbed three from placement. "More spectacular games have been played in Franklin Field, but never did two great teams, evenly matched, fight with greater courage or more dogged determination."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
Ralph Davis of The Pittsburg Press noted: "While today's tie score breaks the string of consecutive Pitt victories, the Panthers still have the record of being undefeated in five games with the Quakers." Penn finished the season with a 6-2-1 record.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
Edwin J. Pollock in the Evening Public Ledger reported: "The game was hard played from the beginning. It meant much to both teams and perhaps a bit more to Pennsylvania than to Pittsburgh. There was terrific driving and plunging, smashing tackling and courageous individual work all through the 60 minutes of struggling; but despite all this, it was one of the cleanest contests ever staged in the history of the time-honored Penn Stadium. The teams from the two ends of the Keystone state have met five times, and those games have been splendid examples of how football should be played in the sense of clean sport."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
The Pitt lineup for the game against Penn was Herb McCracken (left end), Harvey Harman (left tackle), Alex Meanor (left guard), Herb Stein (center), John McLean (right guard), James Bond (right tackle), Alvar Ginn (right end), James Morrow (quarterback), Tom Davies (left halfback), John Laughran (right halfback) and Andy Hastings (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Alvar Ginn, W. J. Thomas, W. Cullen Gourley, and Fred Ewing. The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The ninth edition of the Pittsburgh City Championship game was played on November 22. "There will be a lot of noise making at Forbes Field on Saturday, according to the plans of the rival student bodies. The Tech band will be on hand in all its glory, and the Pitt band will also be there to help along. The Pitt students, under Cheer Leader 'Jim' Scott, have been doing wonderfully this fall in the way of encouraging their gridiron representatives, and will be keyed up to a high pitch on Saturday."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
Fifth-year coach Walter Steffen's Tartans of Carnegie Tech had a 3-3 record prior to the City Championship Game against the Panthers. "Tech is rested up and in good shape physically...Tech will be able to play itself out today, as the game is its last of the season. Tech will use its best lineup, with the exception of Abe Levy, the quarterback, who is out because of injuries received in an automobile accident. Loomis will start in his place."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
"The Pitt team is more or less of an uncertain quantity, even at this late date. 'Pop' probably never in his career had to deal with as many cripples as he has had to work with this fall, and his team has been a constant experiment." At game time Coach Warner decided to start his substitutes, with John Laughran, the only player who started against Penn, in the lineup.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Pittsburg Press reported: "The Pitt Panther is still football champion of Pittsburgh. Warner's wild animals proved it yesterday in their annual game with Carnegie Tech at Forbes Field, which they won by the score of 17 to 7."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
After a scoreless first quarter, the Pitt offense advanced the ball into Tech territory but were stopped on the 18-yard line. A field goal was attempted by Gus Aschman but it went awry and was caught by Tech halfback Marshall on the Tech seven-yard line. He stopped running ninety-three yards later and placed the ball under the goal posts. Fletcher kicked goal and Tech led 7-0 at halftime. Coach Warner sent in the first string for the second half.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
"The regular men stopped Tech and opened the way for Andy Hastings, Davies and Morrow to carry the ball to the 5-yard line, from which point Hastings went over. Davies kicked goal." The third period ended with the score tied at seven. Pitt advanced the ball to the Tech 15-yard line early in the fourth quarter. Andy Hastings made six yards on two downs and James Morrow added four for a first down on the five. Hastings carried it over the goal on second down and then kicked goal. Pitt led 14-7. Late in the quarter the Pitt offense worked the ball to the Tech 21-yard line where the Tech stiffened. Tom Davies dropped back to the 28-yard line and kicked a field goal to close out the scoring. Pitt 17 – Tech 7.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Pittsburgh Sunday Post was disgusted with the behavior of the Pitt student section. Sportswriter “Reggy” reported:


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
"Scenes bordering on riot prevailed during the intermission between halves, when with the Tech team leading by the score of 7 to 0, the Pitt students occupying the left field bleachers, rushed onto the field, toward the flag pole and made an attempt to drag down the Tech flag which had been flying triumphantly from the flag pole. Numbering several hundred and led by three unidentified persons the Pitt crowd stormed the pole, when the Tech boys rallied together, and then came the fireworks. Bricks, sticks, stones and fists flew for many minutes in a grand free-for-all.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
Policemen from all parts of the enclosure rushed to the scene and with drawn clubs fought their way through the crowd, and after a lively tussle restored order.... And through it all the Tech banner, which had been the cause of the uprising, continued to fly until the conclusion of the game."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Pitt lineup for the game against Carnegie Tech was Frank McDonald (left end), W. Cullen Gourley (left tackle), W. J. Thomas (left guard), Alvar Ginn (center), Oscar Kratzert (right guard), Louis Markowitz (right tackle), Adolph Herskowitz (right end), Thomas Hamberger (quarterback), Gus Achman (left halfback), John Laughran (right halfback) and Abe Bremen (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were Herb McCracken, James Morrow, Tom Davies, Andy Hastings, Herb Stein, Alex Meanor, Fred Ewing, James Bond, Frank Masley, Bernard Peters, Harold Krotzer and John McLean. The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The 1919 Penn State Lions were led by second year coach Hugo Bezdek and sported a 6-1 record. Their only loss was to a strong (6-1-1) Dartmouth eleven. "The team that is most likely to start against Pitt included (halfback) Charlie Way...and he appeared to be back in his old form and entirely recovered from his shoulder injury. This greatly boosted State's hopes for a victorious Thanksgiving." 1919 Walter Camp first team All-American end [Bob Higgins (American football)|Bob Higgins] anchored their line.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Captain Jimmy DeHart and James Morrow were declared ineligible for the Penn State game by the University of Pittsburgh faculty. DeHart was still injured but Morrow was slated to start at quarterback. Coach Warner decided "McCracken will start at quarterback in Morrow's place, as he has done a few times and Speedo Laughran, DeHart's regular understudy, will be in at right halfback again. Eckert will start at left end in place of McCracken, Thomas will be at tackle in place of the injured Bond, and the balance of the team will consist of the regulars at the positions."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
According to The Pittsburg Press on Saturday, November 22 : "The University of Pittsburgh football management has been notified by United States government officials that internal revenue inspectors are awake to the situation in regard to speculating in tickets for the Pitt-Penn State game next Thursday, and that they are going to conduct a real campaign clear up the 'scalpers.' Government officers in plain clothes will patrol the Oakland section next Thursday, as well as all of downtown hotels, and declare they will arrest all offenders of the law."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Ralph S. Davis of The Pittsburg Press reported: "It's a case of 'wait till next year' with the Pitt football followers. They watched their favorites go down to defeat yesterday at Forbes Field by the count of 20 to 0 before the onslaught of Hugo Bezdek's powerful Penn State machine, and their only solace was that 1920 might tell another story. Yesterday's victory was the first for the Center Countians here since away back in 1912. Six straight times had the state boys invaded Pittsburgh - often brimful of confidence – only to return home beaten but not disgraced."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Pitt received the kick-off and advanced the ball to the Penn State 6-yard line before losing the ball on downs. State dropped into punt formation. "However, from behind his own goal line, (Harold) Hess, instead of kicking, made a forward pass to (Bob) Higgins, and the latter ran 75 yards for a touchdown. That gave State the jump, and they outplayed the locals practically all the way.”  (Bob) Cubbage kicked goal and Penn State led 7-0.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
In the second quarter (Larry) Conover of State lined up for a field goal from the 37-yard line and, he too, threw a pass for a first down on the 20-yard line. Seven plays later Hess bulled into the end zone from the 2-yard line. Conover missed the goal. Halftime score, State 13, Pitt 0.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
"Another State touchdown was the result of a long ramble. It was the third score and came soon after the second half began. It was after Andy (Hastings) had punted and it was State's ball on the Pitt 47-yard line. On the first play, (Charley) Way went flashing through the Pitt line for a 53-yard gain and touchdown." Conover kicked goal to reach the final score of 20-0.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Pitt was out gained in total yards from scrimmage 372- 81 and Penn State earned 13 first downs to four for Pitt.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Francis B. Ketchum of The Pittsburgh Post reported that Glenn Warner was most gracious after the defeat: "'Congratulations Hugo!' was Glenn Warner's greeting in the Penn State boudoir after the game. ' You have a first class team and can certainly say that your lads won on their merits.'"


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Ralph S. Davis of The Pittsburg Press noted: "The relations between these two schools have always been very friendly, and the feeling yesterday was kindly throughout. There was none of the bitterness which characterized the Pitt-Carnegie game, and the students of both institutions conducted themselves like gentlemen."


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Pitt lineup for the game against Penn State was Cliff Brown (left end), Harvey Harman (left tackle), Alex Meanor (left guard), Herb Stein (center), John McLean (right guard), James Bond (right tackle), Fred Ewing (right end), Herb McCracken (quarterback), Tom Davies (left halfback), John Laughran (right halfback) and Andy Hastings (fullback). Substitutes appearing in the game for Pitt were W. Cullen Gourley, Frank Eckert, Oscar Kratzert, W. J. Thomas, Louis Markowitz, Gus Aschman and Abe Breman. The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
Center Herb Stein was elected Captain for the 1920 season on the third ballot at the annual football banquet. Tom Davies was the runner-up. The following players received the varsity "P" for the 1919 season: James DeHart, Tom Davies, Andy Hastings, James Morrow, Fred Ewing, Frank Eckert, Harvey Harman, James Bond, John McLean, Alex Meanor, Herb Stein, John Laughran, G. Herb McCracken, Thomas Hamberger, Abe Breman, Cliff Brown, John McCrory, W. J. Thomas, Oscar Kratzert, Alvar Ginn, Gus Aschman, Lou Mervis and W. J. Foster.


1919 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
R. G. "Bob" Eckhardt, a junior in the School of Economics, was appointed student manager of football for the 1920 season.


1919 Pittsburgh Pirates season
The 1919 Pittsburgh Pirates season was the 38th season of the Pittsburgh Pirates franchise; the 33rd in the National League. The Pirates finished fourth in the league standings with a record of 71–68.


1919 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1919 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1919 Plymouth Sutton by-election
The Plymouth Sutton by-election, 1919 was a parliamentary by-election held on 28 November 1919 for the British House of Commons constituency of Sutton in the city of Plymouth, Devon.


1919 Plymouth Sutton by-election
The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Waldorf Astor, succeeded  the peerage as the second Viscount Astor on the death of his father on 18 October 1919.


1919 Plymouth Sutton by-election
Astor had held the seat since the 1918 general election, and its predecessor Plymouth since the December 1910 general election.


1919 Plymouth Sutton by-election, Results
Lady Astor retained the seat. She became the first woman to take up her seat in the Commons (the first woman to be elected, Countess Markievicz, the Sinn Féin MP for Dublin St Patrick's, refused to take her seat).


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt
The Polish Coup of early January 1919 was an unsuccessful coup d'etat in Poland. On 4–5 January 1919, right-wing National Democrats attempted to overthrow the government of Jędrzej Moraczewski and Józef Piłsudski. The coup's leaders included Marian Januszajtis-Żegota and Prince Eustachy Sapieha.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt
The coup forces succeeded in arresting Moraczewski's government but not Piłsudski. Some military units refused to follow confusing or surprising orders, and eventually the coup ended in some arrests and in a return to the status quo ante. There were no fatalities or significant injuries. In mid-January, right-wing activists were admitted to membership in a coalition government.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, Background
In the aftermath of the First World War, Poland regained independence. One of the task it faced was creation of a new government. Józef Piłsudski, leader of Polish Legions, became the chief of state (Naczelnik państwa) on the authority of the Regency Council, but instead of the coalition government expected by many, he supported a left-wing government of Jędrzej Moraczewski.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, Background
Moraczewski's reforms, such as the 8-hour work day and the creation of a worker's militia, led to unrest among the right-wing politicians, and the issue was compounded by highly controversial decisions of some left-wing local activists, in some cases bordering on support for communism (for example, some factories were temporarily nationalized).


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, Preparations
Unrest spread through some of the officers of the Polish Army in the Warsaw district. Eventually several high-ranking officers and politicians (Marian Januszajtis-Żegota, Tadeusz Dymowski, Jerzy Zdziechowski, Witold Zawadzki, Eustachy Sapieha) decided to stage a coup - arrest Moraczewski and Piłsudski, and in their place, introduce a right-wing government under Roman Dmowski and Józef Haller.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, The coup
The rebels divided their forces into three groups. First unit, with the coup leaders, took the Town Hall at Saxon Square, where they established their command center. As neither Dmowski nor Haller were in Poland (they were in France, attending the Treaty of Versailles negotiations), Sapieha and Januszajtis-Żegota declared that they were assuming the leadership of the country. They also sent a squad general Stanisław Szeptycki, and for the 21st Infantry Regiment, whose command supported the coup, to report to the Town Hall.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, The coup
Szeptycki however was first informed of the events by an officer who escaped from the Town Hall; then arrested by a rebel squad, and finally freed by his own soldiers. Investigating the matter, he arrived at the Town Hall, where he was in no mood for supporting the rebels: instead, as a ranking officer on the scene, he took command of the 21st Regiment and ordered the troops to siege the Town Hall. Hence, the coup leaders found themselves besieged by the very troops they intended to use to cement their victory.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, The coup
The rebel unit tasked with arresting members of Moraczewski succeeded in arresting the ministers, although they failed to assassinate Minister of the Interior, Stanisław Thugutt.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, The coup
The third group, tasked with arresting Piłsudski, tried to bluff their way into the Belweder Palace where Piłsudski had his office and living quarters. Once inside, they declared their intent to arrest Piłsudski - and promptly found themselves locked inside one of the rooms by staff loyal to Piłsudski.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, The coup
Next day, members of Moraczewski's were freed, and most of the coup supporters surrendered to the government forces.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt, Aftermath
Thugutt suggested that coup leaders should be tried, but Piłsudski objected - not wanting to risk increasing unrest and turning them into martyrs; he believed that in any case the right-wing has lost much face with the unsuccessful coup. Negotiations started, and two weeks after the coup, Moraczewski's government resigned, and a new government, including right-wing politicians, was formed by Ignacy Paderewski. Most of the people involved in the coup were not punished; prince Sapieha became an ambassador to United Kingdom, and Januszajtis-Żegota, a province governor.


1919 Polish coup d'état attempt in Lithuania
The Polish coup d'état attempt in Lithuania refers to a failed attempt by Polish Chief of State Józef Piłsudski to overthrow the existing Lithuanian government  of Prime Minister Mykolas Sleževičius, and install a pro-Polish cabinet that would agree to a union with Poland. The Polish intelligence agency, the Polish Military Organization (PMO) was to carry out the coup d'etat, planned to be implemented in August 1919. The coup was designed to seem to be an initiative by local Lithuanians aiming to free their government of German influence. The PMO hoped to rely on the assistance of sympathetic Lithuanian activists. They were thwarted by the lack of cooperation and the unwillingness of sufficient number of Lithuanians to support the Polish cause.