1915 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 21 October 1915, with a second round between 4 and 11 November. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 74 of the 123 seats in the Storting.


1915 Norwich by-election
The Norwich by-election of 1915 was held on 6 February 1915. The by-election was held due to the incumbent Liberal MP, Sir Frederick Low, being appointed as a Judge of the King's Bench division of the High Court. It was won by the Liberal candidate Hilton Young, who was elected unopposed.


1915 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1915 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame during the 1915 college football season.


1915 Ohio Green and White football team
The 1915 Ohio Green and White football team was an American football team that represented Ohio University in the Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) during the 1915 college football season. In its third season under head coach Mark Banks, the team compiled an 8–1 record (2–1 against conference opponents), finished in fourth place out of 15 teams in the OAC, and outscored opponents by a total of 175 to 33.


1915 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The 1915 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented Ohio State University in the 1915 college football season. The Buckeyes compiled a 5–1–1 record, outscoring opponents 105–39.


1915 Oklahoma A&M Aggies football team
The 1915 Oklahoma A&M Aggies football team represented Oklahoma A&M College in the 1915 college football season. This was the 15th year of football at A&M and the first under John G. Griffith. The Aggies played their home games at Lewis Field in Stillwater, Oklahoma. They finished the season 4–5–1 overall and 0–3 in the Southwest Conference.


1915 Oklahoma A&M Aggies football team, New conference affiliation
Oklahoma A&M joined the Southwest Conference (SWC) in 1915. The Aggies were charter SWC members, along with five schools from the state of Texas (The University of Texas, Texas A&M, Baylor, Rice, and Southwestern (TX)), one from Arkansas, (University of Arkansas), and rival Oklahoma.


1915 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1915 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 1915 college football season. In their 11th year under head coach Bennie Owen, the Sooners compiled a 10–0 record (3–0 against conference opponents), and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 370 to 54. This was the first season that the Sooners participated in the Southwest Conference. The team was retroactively selected as the national champion for 1915 by the Billingsley Report using its alternate "margin of victory" methodology.


1915 Oklahoma Sooners football team
Six Sooners received All-Southwest Conference honors: Elmer Capshaw, Forest Geyer, Oliver Hot, Willis Hott, Hap Johnson, and Homer Montgomery.


1915 Ole Miss Rebels football team
The 1915 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi during the 1915 college football season. The season was the first under former Vanderbilt athlete Fred A. Robins.


1915 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1915 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team represented Oregon Agricultural College (now known as Oregon State University) as an independent during the 1915 college football season. In their third and final season under head coach E. J. Stewart, the Aggies compiled a 5–3 record were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 166 to 73. The team played its home games at Bell Field in Corvallis, Oregon. Gus Hofer was the team captain.


1915 Oregon Webfoots football team
The 1915 Oregon Webfoots football team represented the University of Oregon in the 1915 college football season.


1915 Oregon Webfoots football team
The game against USC in Los Angeles was delayed two days due to rain and played on Monday. Oregon did not play border rival Washington this season.


1915 Ottawa Rough Riders season
The 1915 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in 3rd place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 2–3 record and failed to qualify for the playoffs.


1915 Ottawa Rough Riders season, Regular season, Schedule
(*) The November 6 game won by Toronto over Ottawa was called because of darkness and protested by Ottawa. IRFU executives upheld the protest and declared the game no-contest.


1915 Ottoman Syria locust infestation
From March to October 1915, swarms of locusts stripped areas in and around Palestine, Mount Lebanon and Syria of almost all vegetation. This infestation seriously compromised the already-depleted food supply of the region and sharpened the misery of all Jerusalemites.


1915 Ottoman Syria locust infestation
Historian Zachary J. Foster argues that the scale of the attack was far worse than anything Syria had witnessed in many decades. He suggested further that a huge percentage of the region's major foodstuffs and sources of livelihood, including fruits, vegetables, legumes, fodder and a small but not insignificant amount of the cereals, were devoured by the locusts. "The attack diminished the 1915 winter harvest (wheat and barley) by 10–15 per cent", he noted, "and completely wrecked the 1915 summer and autumn harvests (fruits and vegetables), in ranges varying from 60 to 100 per cent, depending on the crop".


1915 Ottoman Syria locust infestation
The crop destruction resulted in several increases to the price of food. On 25 April 1915, The New York Times described the price increases. "Flour costs $15 a sack. Potatoes are six times the ordinary price. Sugar and petroleum are unprocurable and money has ceased to circulate." Among the consequences of the event was the Great Famine of Mount Lebanon, which led to the deaths of nearly one half of Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate inhabitants from hunger and disease between 1915 and 1918.


1915 Ottoman Syria locust infestation, Reaction
Djemal Pasha, who was the Supreme Commander of Syria and Arabia at the time of the locust infestation, launched a campaign to limit the devastation of the incident. He appointed an official to fight the infestation.


1915 Ottoman Syria locust infestation, Reaction
Many people believed that prayer and petition were required to end the plague, as they viewed the swarm of locusts as a punishment from God for their sins. Rav A.M. Luntz, who observed the development of the infestation said that the "Badatz decreed that on the following day there should be a Taanit Tzibbur and the whole day should be one of selichot, prayer and petition. After a few days the locusts left the Land", as locusts do after they have finished feeding. However, in the amount of time they nested there, the locusts replenished themselves with new larvae.


1915 Ottoman Syria locust infestation, Regulations
Midhat Bey, who was the official appointed to fight the infestation, helped enact a law which required every male between ages 15 and 60 in cities to collect 20 kilograms of locust eggs or pay a fine of £4.40. The New York Times reported that this law was strictly enforced. They said that people who failed to follow the law risked having their businesses closed. 800 had paid the fine by 21 November 1915.


1915 Ottoman Syria locust infestation, Aftermath
The Great Famine of Mount Lebanon (1915–1918) was a period of mass starvation during World War I. The Allies' blockade was made worse by another introduced by Djemal Pasha, the commander of the Fourth Army of the Ottoman Empire in Syria region, where crops were barred from entering from the neighboring Syrian hinterland to Mount Lebanon, and by the arrival of a swarm of locusts to the region in 1915 that, for three continuous months, devoured the remaining crops. The famine was caused by a convergence of political and environmental factors that lead to the death of half of the population of Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate, a semi-autonomous subdivision of the Ottoman Empire and the precursor of modern-day Lebanon.


1915 Paraguayan Primera División season
The 1915 season of the Paraguayan Primera División, the top category of Paraguayan football, was played by 6 teams. The national champions were Cerro Porteño.


1915 Penn Quakers football team
The 1915 Penn Quakers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pennsylvania in the 1915 college football season. In their third and final season under head coach George H. Brooke, the Quakers compiled a 3–5–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 109 to 88.


1915 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The 1915 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented the Pennsylvania State University in the 1915 college football season. The team was coached by Dick Harlow and played its home games in New Beaver Field in State College, Pennsylvania.


1915 Philadelphia Athletics season
The 1915 Philadelphia Athletics season was a season in American baseball. After the team won the American League pennant in 1914, the team dropped all the way to last place with a record of 43 wins and 109 losses.


1915 Philadelphia Athletics season, Regular season
The Federal League had been formed to begin play in 1914. As the A.L. had done 13 years before, the new league raided existing A.L. and N.L. teams for players. Athletics owner Connie Mack refused to match the offers of the F.L. teams, preferring to let the "prima donnas" go and rebuild with younger (and less expensive) players. The result was a swift and near-total collapse, a "first-to-worst" situation. The Athletics went from a 99–53 (.651) record and a pennant in 1914 to a record of 43–109 (.283) and 8th (last) place in 1915. At the time, it was the third-worst winning percentage in American League history. The infield of Whitey Witt, Charlie Pick and Nap Lajoie was derisively known as the "$10 Infield".


1915 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1915 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1915 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Philadelphia Athletics season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season
The 1915 Philadelphia Phillies season was a season in American baseball. It involved the Phillies winning the National League, then going on to lose the 1915 World Series to the Boston Red Sox. This was the team's first pennant since joining the league in 1883. They would have to wait another 35 years for their second.


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season, Regular season
The pitching staff allowed the fewest runs in the NL. It was led by Hall of Famer Grover Cleveland Alexander, who had one of the greatest seasons in history and won the pitching triple crown. Outfielder Gavvy Cravath, aided by the small Baker Bowl park, led the majors in home runs, runs batted in, and slugging percentage.


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season, Postseason, 1915 World Series, Game 1
The Phillies won 3 to 1, although The New York Times reporter Hugh Fullerton wrote, "Alexander pitched a bad game of ball. He had little or nothing." He titled his article, "Nothing but luck saved the Phillies." The Times also reported that 10,000 people gathered in New York City's Times Square to watch a real-time mechanical recreation of the game on a giant scoreboard sponsored by the newspaper.


1915 Philadelphia Phillies season, Postseason, Testimonial dinner
On October 16, 1915, a testimonial dinner was given to honor the 1915 Phillies for the franchise's first pennant. The dinner took place at The Bellevue-Stratford Hotel. Speakers included Philadelphia mayor Rudolph Blankenburg, Phillies owner William Baker, National League president John Tener, and Phillies manager Pat Moran.


1915 Philadelphia mayoral election
The Philadelphia mayoral election of 1915 saw the election of Thomas B. Smith.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve
1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve is a heritage-listed former tramway and now visitor attraction at Hynes Street, Broken Hill, City of Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia. It was the site of the only attack during World War I that occurred on Australian soil (The Battle of Broken Hill). The property is owned by NSW Department of Industry - Lands (State Government) and Silverlea Services (Community Group). It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 29 June 2018.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History
Broken Hill is in the country of the Wilyakali people, who spoke a dialect of the Barkandji language. In 1915 most Aboriginal people in the region were living on stations that were known to be safe refuges such as Poolamacca, 60 kilometres north of Broken Hill.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History
The Wiljakali people who occupied the area when Charles Sturt arrived in 1845 (and first referred to it as 'broken hill') faced less immediate settler aggression than tribal groups who lived on the rivers, including the Darling River.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History
In 1883, when boundary rider Charles Rasp formed a small syndicate to mine a great ironstone outcrop in the far west of New South Wales, they thought they would find tin. Instead, they ended up having leases over some of the world's richest silver, lead and zinc deposits. Unlike gold, these metals were not simply there for the taking. BHP (Broken Hill Proprietary Ltd.), formed in 1885, faced technical and logistical challenges in mining and processing the ore bodies.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History
Broken Hill grew quickly. A population of 17,000 in 1889 had more than doubled to 35,000 in 1914, putting it on the map as the then third-largest city in New South wales. It was also Australia's most multicultural city of the time.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History
Trade unions quickly formed around the mine and extraction processing industries. The Trades Hall, built between 1891 and 1905, became the first building in Australia owned by unions, who also purchased the local newspaper "The Barrier Times" in 1908. This strong union tradition permeated all aspects of life in Broken Hill. The city's unionists won a 35-hour week in 1920, the first to do so in Australia.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History
The city is full of surprises, including the Broken Hill mosque, founded by Afghan cameleers in the early 1890s, and a synagogue built in 1910. The cameleers flourished in the later decades of the 19th century, transporting wool as well as construction materials for the Overland Telegraph line from Darwin to Port Augusta. The Jewish population mainly came from Eastern Europe. While the Broken Hill synagogue closed in 1962, the mosque is still used for worship. BHP ceased operations in Broken Hill in the late 1930s, by which time other mining companies had formed, leaving behind an open-cut mine that writer George Farwell described in 1948 as:


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History
"forlorn as a dead planet. It has the air of a crater on the moon... Massive boulders and abandoned machinery sprawl down its flanks as though flung down the sheer sides of a mountain gorge. Upon the crest old iron lies everywhere".


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Mullah Abdullah (1855-1915)
Mullah Abdullah was born in 1854-5 possibly in Afghanistan or in a nearby region of Pakistan. It is said that he came from a family of mullahs because of his role as a mullah in Broken Hill. However it is possible that his duties as mullah is something he began after he moved to Broken Hill because there may not have been a committed mullah in the area at the time.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Mullah Abdullah (1855-1915)
Abdullah arrived in South Australia in around 1890 and started working in Broken Hill from 1899. It is unclear what he had been doing in Australia leading up to his move to Broken Hill but most likely he had spent time working as a cameleer.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Mullah Abdullah (1855-1915)
During his time working in Broken Hill it is suggested that he worked as a cameleer and it is documented that he worked as Mullah to the "Afghans at the local Ghantown" where he led the daily prayers, officiated at funerals and was also a halal butcher, killing animals according to the principles of halal for Muslim consumption. According to newspaper reports the halal butchery is part of the reason for Abdullah's role in the picnic train attack. Leading up to the day of the attack Abdullah had been prosecuted twice by Cornelius Brosnan the Sanitary Inspector for killing meat in an unsanitary environment.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Gool Badasha Mahomed
Gool Badasha Mahomed was born in 1875 near the North-West Frontier of India in the Tirah region of Afghanistan, an area that operated under local tribal law. Gool was an Afridi tribesman who spoke Pushtu came to Australia in his youth to most likely work as a cameleer before returning home to enlist in the Turkish Army. Gool fought in four campaigns before he returned to Australia in 1912 to continue as a cameleer until the decline of the camel transport business.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Gool Badasha Mahomed
He then worked in the silver mines of Broken Hill until he was retrenched and became self-employed pushing a cart around selling ice creams to the locals. The beginning of World War I sparked spiritual and patriotic feelings in Gool, and with the anger Abdullah felt towards Cornelius Brosnan the pair discussed their grievances and planned their attack on the train.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Silverton Tramway Company
The Silverton Tramway Company, a rare private railway of 50klms in length, was incorporated in New South Wales on 14 October 1886 and the line was completed and opened for traffic on 12 January 1888. One of only two privately owned railways in the state, the tramway was originally founded to transport ore from local mines in the Broken Hill and Silverton region into South Australia. The  company soon branched out, not only carrying ore from the mines but freighted other goods and offered a passenger service which accounted for a third of their business.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Silverton Tramway Company
The company serviced travellers on long trips heading interstate to Semaphore (Adelaide) to the Largs Bay Holiday Camp and excursions for local community groups often conveying passengers to Silverton and McCulloch Park (at Stephens Creek) for the day and returning to Broken Hill in the afternoon. When traveling to South Australia the train would travel from Broken Hill, through Silverton and then to Burns which is on the New South Wales side of the border of Cockburn (a town divided by the NSW/SA border).


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Silverton Tramway Company
In 1927 the New South Wales government completed the railway from Sydney to Broken Hill, thus joining the Silverton Tramway and completing the link from Sydney to Adelaide. It played a strategic role in the trans-Australia network until 1970, when it was surpassed by the New South Wales Government Railways (Indian-Pacific). From 1888-1970 it was critical to the economic functioning of Broken Hill, by providing the key transport of ore to the Port Pirie smelters. It played a significant role in the politics and recreation of Broken Hill, and a crucial role at times of water shortage in Broken Hill.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Oddfellows history
The Manchester Unity of Oddfellows is a friendly society that first began in England, but can now be traced across the world. Originally when the higher wage earning men formed societies, attending meetings in expensive finery, the lower wage earners were not invited to partake and so the order was formed giving the lower income earners a crutch in times of sickness, injury or death, offering support not only to the individual but to their families as well. The official records for the order starts in 1810 but the history of the order dates back to 1066.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Oddfellows history
The Broken Hill Manchester Unity Order of Oddfellows held a picnic day at Silverton every year to celebrate the beginning of a new year. The Silverton Tramway Company often assisted groups that travelled to nearby locations to attend picnics and other functions. Ore carriages where cleaned out and makeshift benches were added so that passengers could be seated.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Oddfellows history
On New Year's Day 1915 forty one carriages were in tow, transporting 1,200 men, women and children belonging to the Manchester Unity Order of Odd Fellows.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
The only documented World War I assault to take place in Australia happened in Broken Hill on New Year's Day 1915. The Silverton Tramway Company lent its service to the Manchester Unity Order of Oddfellows to transport them out to Silverton for their annual celebration of 1 January. The 1200 members of men, women and children were seated in forty one open ore carriages that had been modified with temporary bench seating.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
The train pulled out from the Sulphide Street railway station at approximately 10 am and passed through the Railway Town Station where it made a brief stop and then continued on its intended journey out to Silverton. Approximately 1.2 kilometres from the Railway Town Station, on a curve in the railway line, several passengers noticed Gool Mahomed and Mullah Abdulla sitting in the trench housing of Umberumberka water pipeline on the northern side of the track opposite the cemetery.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
Both of the men were known to some of the passengers, especially Gool Mahomed as he made a living pushing an ice-cream cart has become a representation of the attack as this is where they had mounted the Ottoman flag and is how the two men were able to transport their rifles and ammunition to the site without being noticed.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
When Mahomed and Abdulla began firing shots at the train some passengers initially thought that they were firing off blank bullets in a display for New Year's Day and others thought that they were shooting at rabbits. The first shots fired were aimed at the engine of the train missing the crew in the cabin. One bullet landed hitting the sand beside the track and a second bullet hit the bottom of the brake van.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
As the men kept firing at the train the realism of their intentions set in and with the passengers having very little protection, 17 year old Alma Cowie was hit by a bullet while trying to take cover. Alma had been sitting beside her companion, Clarence O'Brien and as she was about to take cover she was hit in the head by a bullet and died approximately 45 minutes later. William Shaw who was seated beside his wife Alice was also struck down. Alice heard her husband say "I'm shot" and he then fell forward into Alice's arms.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
Passengers on the train came to his aide but he died a short time after. Fifteen year old Lucy Shaw, the daughter of William and Alice, was also shot (in the elbow) but her injury was not fatal. Alfred Millard, who worked for the Broken Hill Water Supply Company, was riding his bike down alongside the train line on his way to inspect a pipe leak. Alfred was also intending to take photos of the train carriages full of picnic goers when he was shot in the back. It is unclear if Alfred died instantly but it was reported he was not alive by the time he was brought back to town.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
The locomotive crew moved the train a further 850 yards down the line to the Picton railway siding in an attempt to distance themselves from their attackers but continued to come under fire so they advanced a further 1.2 kilometres towards Silverton until they reached the Silverton Tramway Company's reservoir. Assistance Guard Mr Elsegood ran a short distance ahead to the company's pumping station where he was able to make a call requesting assistance be sent from Broken Hill.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
It was at this stop that injured passengers were removed from the train to wait for medical assistance to arrive; Mary Kavanhagh shot in the head, George Stokes shot in shoulder and chest, Lucy Shaw shot in elbow and Rose Crabb shot through the shoulder. There is no found record to say that any of these people had succumbed to their injuries so it is assumed that they survived.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
Mullah Abdullah and Gool Mahomed had fled the scene on foot heading in a north east direction where they knocked on the door of a house near the Allendale Hotel on the corner of Jones and Morgan Streets to seek refuge. Some words were exchanged between the two men and the resident, 70 year old Thomas Campbell, which resulted in one of the men firing a shot at Campbell with the bullet passing through the side of his abdomen (Campbell survived).


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
By this time the police had arrived and Abdullah and Mahomed ran off heading in the direction of their cameleer's camp and as they neared the Cable Hotel the two men came under fire from mounted Constable Robert Mills. Shots were exchanged between both parties and Constable Mills was injured, taking two bullets, one to the thigh and one in his groin. The police were forced to pull back and continue their pursuit from a distance enabling the two men time to take cover at a rocky outcrop of white quartz (White Rocks).


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
Military men from the local base along with men from the rifle club joined in the combat. Police Inspector James Miller and Lieutenant Richard Resch were now present and gave instructions, an unrelenting tirade of bullets were fired at the two men who were hiding behind the rocks with both men returning fire. Civilian James Craig who was in his backyard at the time quickly became a victim during the conflict when a "stray" bullet hit him in his abdomen from 500 yards away. Mr Craig was treated by a doctor on site and was later transported to the local hospital where he died hours later as a result of his wound.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
Reinforcements arrived rushing toward the white rocks and the bombardment continued with the legion unwavering, not allowing the attackers to get away. About 1.00pm Abdullah and Mahomed were found lying on the ground, both men with multiple gunshot wounds. Mullah Abdullah had died some time during the fight and Gool Mahomed was still alive and was taken to the hospital but died a few hours after.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
A suicide note that had been signed by Gool Badsha Mahomed was later found and translated to read:


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
"In the name of God, all Merciful, and of Mahommed His prophet. This poor sinner is a subject of the Sultan. My name is Good Badsha Mahomed, Afghan Afridi. In the reign of Abdul Hamid Sultan, I have visited his kingdom four times for the purpose of fighting. I hold the Sultan's order, duly signed and sealed by him. It is in my waistbelt now, and if it is not destroyed by cannon shot or rifle bullets, you will find it on me. I must kill your men and give my life for my faith by order of the Sultan. I have no enmity against anyone; nor have I consulted with anyone, nor informed anyone. We bid all the faithful farewell. Signed by Gool Badsha Mahomed, Afridi."


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The attack
It is documented that three notes were found after the attack, one note was a letter from Gool written to the Minister of War in Istambul offering to re-enlist. The other two notes were suicide notes from Mullah Abdulla and Gool Mahomed, however only the suicide note from Good Mahomed was found during research. It is claimed that in days leading up to the attack a cameleer by the name of Khan Bahader attended the Broken Hill north police station to report that Gool Mahomed and Mullah Abdulla were planning an attack. However, because Khan was unable to give accurate details of the intended ambush the report was not investigated by police.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The German Club
The union of Germany with the Ottoman Empire during World War I raised suspicions within the people of Broken Hill. People began to believe that the German community had been politically motivated and therefore conspired with Abdulla and Mahomed to attack the picnic train. They became a target for the already angry mob when at approximately 8pm a crowd gathered in Argent Street where accusations of the German involvement had been spat out in anger before the crowd made their way down to the German Club.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The German Club
Gathering at the front of the club the mob threw stones at the building and set it alight. When the fire brigade arrived to put out the fire the angry mob cut their hoses rendering them inoperable, leaving the club to burn to the ground. The outraged assemblage of citizens then moved on to Ghan Town, where many camel drivers lived, on the edge of town with the intention of attacking the innocent residents. Luckily the police and military were aware of their intentions and were able to stop the mob before any confrontation could occur.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The German Club
The punishment of German citizens did not end with their social establishment being destroyed. When the German men arrived for work the next day they were all fired from the mines of Broken Hill. This was in response to the Australian Government passing the War Precautions Act 1914 (in August of that year). This gave the Australian Government a power outside of the realms of the Australian Constitution. During war time and up to six months after war the government could utilise this Act allowing them to make decisions on matters that could influence Australia's position in the war. One of the controls this endorsed was the detention of people either born in or associated to an enemy country without having to stand trial for an offence.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The German Club
The effect of the war on Australian soil was wide spread with the introduction of the War Precautions Act 1914 deeming any migrant person as an "enemy alien" and a threat to the nation. These people were sent to live in internment camps until the end of the war in November 1918.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, Cameleer history
Over 20,000 camels were brought to Australia from 1850 to 1900 from different parts of the world. The cameleers came from different countries such as Kashmir, Rajastan, Egypt, Persia, Turkey, Punjab, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, India and Pakistan. They were known as "Afghans", although very few were actually from Afghanistan.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The mosque
Broken Hill was an active centre for camel trails and stock routes in the far west region of New South Wales where they linked up with the rail transport, it was an area with a population of "Afghans" big enough that there were two separate camps of shanty-type dwellings.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The mosque
The camp located in north Broken Hill was known as Ghan Town. This is where the first mosque to be built in New South Wales was constructed in 1887, offering a site of prayer for those of the Muslim faith.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The mosque
The west camp had a smaller mosque located on the corner of Kaolin and Brown Streets, but this mosque was relocated to the north camp in 1903 when the area in the west was redeveloped for housing.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, History, The mosque
The north camp mosque, which is now listed on the State Heritage Register, is still used for prayers and is a small museum showing memorabilia of cameleer and Muslim history. It is owned by the Broken Hill City Council and is cared for by local man Ammin Nullah Shamroze (Bob Shamroze) and the Broken Hill Historical Society.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Description, 1915 Picnic Train Attack Site
The site is marked by a memorial consisting of a replica freight wagon placed on the southern side of Picton Sales Yard Road, Broken Hill.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Description, 1915 Picnic Train Attack Site
The embankment of the Tramway Permanent Way lies about 50m north of the memorial. In between is the trench of the water pipeline from Umberumberka Reservoir.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Description, White Rocks Reserve
The area is a natural rocky quartz outcrop on the northern edge of Broken Hill surrounded by regeneration of vegetation and housing. The area is fenced with a short walking track and interpretation signs that tell the story of the attack, the geology and vegetation of the area. There is a reconstruction of the ice cream cart used by the two Afghan men on that day to conceal and transport their weapons. The reserve is now a popular tourist destination that is a part of the Broken Hill Heritage Tours.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Description, Condition
As at 17 February 2017, the Picnic Train Attack site memorial is in good condition. The memorial is the only reminder of the event; there are no other known traces or archaeological evidence that a battle took place in this location. The railway line has long since been removed but the footprint of where the line was located is clear. A fence line across from the memorial shows one of the ways the unused railway line was salvaged. The ore wagon memorial on site displays an interpretation sign with two photos and information of the fateful day. The wooden section wagon has suffered from years of exposure to the weather, however the rest of the memorial is in good condition.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Description, Condition
The White Rocks Reserve site is a fenced-in area that is in good condition and has been maintained as tourist attraction. Interpretation signs explain the incident that took place there and the geology of the area. It also displays a replica of the ice-cream cart used by Abdulla and Mahomed.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Description, Condition
The original landscape is still intact and the railway line embankment and water pipeline trench still exist.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Description, Modifications and dates
The area around the site of the 1915 picnic train attack has changed considerably since January 1915. The railway line is no longer in-situ although the railway line embankment is still visible. Silverton Tramway Company ceased operations in 1970 due to the standard gauge (4 ft 8.5in) line being opened in 1969 connecting NSW to SA. After the closure of the Silverton Tramway Company most of the narrow gauge railway line (3 ft 6in) was removed and recycled for fencing posts and rails, this includes the section of line where the attack took place. A fence now blocks access to the line embankment and the trench where the two men hid is no longer visible due to vegetation. Part of the area is now a semi-rural neighbourhood with the road on the northern side of the site now sealed.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Description, Modifications and dates
The White Rocks site where the battle ended is now a tourist location on the outskirts of Broken Hill. The site has been fenced and displays of interpretations of 1 January 1915 and local geology are located throughout the area. A replica of the ice-cream cart was made by local Tafe and Skillshare students and put on the site in 1991 and a parking lot has been built to accommodate visitors to the site.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
As at 15 August 2017, the picnic train attack sites are of state heritage significance for their historical values as the only  World War I incident where Australian citizens were attacked on Australian soil and under a foreign flag, resulting in the death of four people and wounding of seven, as well as the death of the two "Afghan" cameleer perpetrators. Although a minor incident in the greater history of the war, it had a significant effect on the population of Broken Hill, and right across Australia.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
It became national news for many months was widely reported on and commented on, with differing perspectives, many xenophobic and some liberal. The war effort initially focused on protecting Australia from attack by German naval ships and mining operations, however this attack, the only World War I attack on Australian soil, played out in the least expected location, the arid centre. This turned Australia's attention from looking out to sea for the enemy to looking within established communities across the nation. The Picnic Train attack had repercussions throughout Australia for people seen as enemy aliens and resulted in many of them being interned for the war period.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The sites state heritage significance are enhanced through association with the so-called Afghan cameleers in the arid regions of Australia, and in particular the people based at the Ghan Town on the outskirts of Broken Hill, and who worshiped at the SHR listed mosque.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
It is also associated with German and other migrants from countries allied with Germany, and the story of their treatment across Australia as enemy aliens during  World War I. In addition the sites' state heritage significance may be again enhanced through association with the Manchester Unity of Oddfellows, members of which were subject of the Picnic Train attack.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The Picnic Attack Sites have state heritage significance for its research potential into the chequered history of multi-culturalism in Australia as the incident and story are a powerful example of the way that a story that is told reiteratively, having its beginnings in fear and prejudice, continues to be expressed in this way.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 29 June 2018 having satisfied the following criteria.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The picnic train attack sites are of state heritage significance for their historical values as the site of the only  World War I incident where Australian citizens were attacked on Australian soil and under a foreign flag, resulting in the death of four people and wounding of seven, as well as the death of the two Muslim perpetrators. Although a minor incident in the greater history of the war, it had maximum effect on the population of Broken Hill, and right across Australia. It became national news for many months was widely reported on and commented on, with differing perspectives, many xenophobic and some liberal.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
Up until this incident the War Precautions Act 1914 had not affected German or other enemy aliens in Broken Hill, or many other areas. It resulted in the burning of the German Club in Broken Hill, the expulsion of enemy alien miners and mine workers, and workers at the associated smelters at Port Pirie, and the incarceration of people in the Torrens Island internment camp, some later transferred to Holsworthy in Sydney. However innocent, people deemed enemy aliens were punished as a result of the picnic train attack.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The 1915 Picnic Train Attack is associated with the history the so-called Afghan cameleers in the arid regions of Australia, and in particular the people based at the Ghan Town on the outskirts of Broken Hill, and who worshiped at the SHR listed mosque. It is also associated with German and other migrants from countries allied with Germany, and the story of their treatment across Australia as enemy aliens during  World War I. The history of cameleers in Broken Hill spans from when people first settled in Broken Hill through to today.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
Playing a key role in the outback transportation before the railway. Some of the cameleers remained in the area marrying local women. There are families in Broken Hill today that are descendants of the original cameleers that are still very active in preserving their culture and history in Broken Hill. The Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve sites provide evidence of the way the cameleers were treated by mainstream society. Mullah Abdullah, one of the attackers, led prayers at the Broken Hill mosque and provided halal meat. He became disaffected because he was not allowed to freely practice his religion. Gool Mahomed was subject to stone throwing and verbal abuse from non-Afghan youth, and felt his former enlistment in the Turkish army should be re-visited now Turkey was a German ally.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
In addition the site state heritage significance is enhanced through association with the Manchester Unity of Oddfellows, members of which were subject of the Picnic Train attack. The history of the Manchester Unity of Oddfellows can be traced back to England 1066 and was established in Australia in 1840 in Melbourne. The fraternity existed in Broken Hill and surrounding areas from 1888 through until 1973 and with the Freemasons was related to the strong union movement in this mining town.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve is of local significance for the esteem in which it is held by the local community and by visitors and makes an important contribution to local history and identity. The attack on the picnic train changed the lives of many people in Broken Hill. Families lost loved ones that died on that day and people suffered from the trauma of witnessing such an event. Citizens lived in fear for some time wondering if another attack would take place.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The German citizens and their families across Australia suffered because of their ethnicity, losing their jobs, being separated from their families and becoming prisoners of war. New South Wales had the most prisoner's camps. The Muslim families living in Ghan Town also faced increased abuse and suffering. The dramatic effects of the incident are still widely remembered by the contemporary local community and has been memorialised by the council, and the day is still remembered and mourned by family members connected to the victims.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The picnic train attack is of state heritage significance for its research potential as a powerful example of a story that is told reiteratively, having its beginnings in fear and prejudice and continues to be expressed in this way. It remains a powerful example of the way in which such reiterative stories are picked up and perpetuated by modern media over time. The Picnic Train Attack story is as relevant today as in 1915, with modern media interpretations of the picnic train attack following the same lack of clarity, empathy and social inclusiveness.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
In recent times it has been emotively expressed as the first jihadist terrorist attack in Australia and compared to the Lindt cafe siege, using conflation and confusion to create fear and bias towards a particular religion. It has state significance for its research potential into the chequered history of multi-culturalism in Australia.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The event of the train attack is the only known attack by enemy aliens to occur on Australian soil during  World War I. The Ottoman flag is unique tangible evidence of the attack on the picnic train.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, Heritage listing
The picnic train attack sites and the associated story are representative of the history of xenophobia and bigotry that has been a significant issue in NSW and Australia since the settlement of Australia by Europeans, and particularly during World War I and II.


1915 Picnic Train Attack and White Rocks Reserve, References, Attribution
This Wikipedia article was originally based on , entry number 2002 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales and Office of Environment and Heritage 2019 under  , accessed on 3 May 2019.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
The 1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team represented the University of Pittsburgh in the 1915 college football season. In his first season with the program, head coach Pop Warner led the Panthers to wins in all eight games and they outscored their opponents by a combined total of 247–19. Home games were held at Forbes Field, the ballpark of baseball's Pittsburgh Pirates.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
On December 4, 1914, by a unanimous vote of the athletic committee, "Glenn Warner was officially chosen to coach the University of Pittsburgh gridders for the next three seasons."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
Pitt athletic booster Joseph Trees and athletic director A. R. Hamilton hired Pop Warner as Pitt's head coach in 1914. Warner, who had previously led Carlisle, Cornell, and Georgia, had been successful at his previous stops, mentoring the likes of Jim Thorpe, and was known as an innovator of the game who originated the screen pass, single- and double-wing formations, and use of shoulder and thigh pads. His arrival at Pitt gave the program instant national credibility, lifting the perception of the program from a regional power to that of a national one.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The 1916 Owl Yearbook was upbeat about the 1915 football season: "The football prospects at Pitt for the season 1915 are brighter than ever before augmented in great measure by the fact that Glenn S. Warner, a grizzled veteran of the gridiron, has been secured to succeed Joe Duff as head coach. Warner comes here from the Carlisle Indian School, where he has gained fame year after year by turning out formidable football machines. Today he is ranked as one of the greatest coaches in America."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
Walter Camp prophesied in The Gazette Times: "The shift of Coach Warner from the Carlisle Indians to the University of Pittsburgh marks one of the great changes in the status of the game... It should prove a very interesting experiment for Pittsburgh and one with great possibilities."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The January 8 edition of The Pitt Weekly noted: "The football card for 1915 is still somewhat up in the air. Negotiations with Penn for a date in Philadelphia or Pittsburgh next season have terminated in the refusal of the Red and Blue to tie up with the University, so that the October 23 date remains open. Penn has been in a rut for several seasons and presumably, .. couldn't see adding to their troubles by taking on Pitt."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
Six days later The Pittsburgh Post reported a complete reversal: "The two big institutions of learning of the Keystone state, University of Pennsylvania and University of Pittsburgh, will meet next fall in football. The game will be played on Franklin Field, Philadelphia, October 23." The schedule only had eight games because Cornell refused to come to Pittsburgh and Pitt was not invited to Ithaca. Pitt never played Cornell again.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
On January 14 the University of Pittsburgh Athletic Council adopted the one year residency rule for the sports of football, basketball, baseball and track beginning in the fall of 1916. On June 15 the University hired Andrew Kerr as freshman football coach. "It was appreciated that in order to keep up the strength of the varsity, a man who could develop material in the freshman squad was absolutely necessary. Kerr is a famous teacher of football and should add strength to the Pitt football organization. With the freshman football coaching problem solved, and a man of the caliber of Kerr secured, Pitt athletic enthusiasts are content these days that the one year rule will not hamper their progress in getting to the front rank in football."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
On September 8, the Pitt football aspirants started drills at Camp Hamilton, the preseason training camp at Windber, PA, under the tutelage of Coach Warner. The team will "go through a three weeks course of preparation for the strenuous season which is before them." "Several holes have been left in the Blue and Gold lineup by graduation and other causes. Heil, Collins, Ward, Hanley, Cliff Morrow and Dillon are all lost from the 1914 backfield, while Smith, Reese, Jones and Healy are among those missing from the line and end positions. This gives Warner some serious problems in finding men to replace those who have left. A large part of the coach's time will be taken up by the development of the new talent."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The first week of camp Coach Warner was ably assisted by "E. E. Tarr of Baltimore, who is to be head coach of Bethany College this fall. Mr. Tarr coached for several years in the South, and was for a time associated with Mr. Warner at Carlisle. Most of his time here has been spent with the backfield candidates."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
"When I took the squad to Windber," said Warner, "I found that I had many strong natural players who knew more football than one generally sees in a college football eleven. This was a new experience for me and it enabled me to get off to a flying start. I knew after one week at Windber that we would have a great team, because the boys are crazy over the game."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The team returned to Pittsburgh on September 24 and had a week to practice on Forbes Field until their opening game. On Saturday the 25th "Coach Warner and A. R. Hamilton of Pitt were on the W. & J. bench getting a line on the playing of the Red and Black. They saw nothing worthwhile, for Bob Folwell  had his men use straight football methods."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The 1915 Pittsburgh Pirates finished in fifth place so the Pitt eleven were able to play all their games at Forbes Field. Special bleachers were installed for the students. "The Freshmen class being assigned to the right field cheering space will be given a cheer leader of their own, and will be worked to the limit to win the rooting decision over their upper class rivals (across the field in the left field section). Another feature, continuing a custom of many years at Pitt games, will be the wearing of numbers by both teams."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Preseason
The University of Pittsburgh Athletic Council published the seventy-six page Sixth Annual Football Year Book for use as the 1915 game day program. The cover illustration was done by Rowland R. Murdoch, illustrator for the Pittsburgh Press.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
Westminster College was the opening game opponent for the Glenn Warner era of Pitt football. Westminster was seeking their first victory in the series that dated back to 1898. The September 29 issue of The Gazette Times reported: "Five of the Westminster College's football stars were expelled from college today because of participation in hazing pranks. Because of the expulsions the team will be greatly crippled in its football season and game against the University of Pittsburgh. The five men are all upperclassmen and formed the backbone of the varsity team." "Coach Warner's charges were pronounced in tip-top shape for the opener with only two or three slight injuries interfering with a perfect record as to condition."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
Richard Guy of The Gazette Times was impressed: "The University of Pittsburgh inaugurated its 1915 gridiron season yesterday afternoon at Forbes Field by beating Westminster College, 32 to 0, and sent a large crowd of local patrons away from the park well pleased with the article of football shown by Glenn Warner's pupils." "Saturday a string of men sat on the Pitt bench; there were enough to start two more teams, and everyone of them appeared to perform hard physical work. This is an asset very valuable to Pitt, for it is well fortified in material, and not only for this year, but for the next four or five."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
W. B. McVicker of The Pittsburg Press added: "For strategic reasons, Glenn Warner called upon many of his reservists and 15 of these warriors received their first baptism of fire among the chalk-marked trenches... A fair-sized, but highly enthusiastic crowd of noncombatants witnessed the fray from the grandstand and bleachers, while the newly constructed stands on either side of the field were filled with noisy camp followers who endeavored to shatter their opponents' army with terrific and well rehearsed yells."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
Pitt scored one touchdown late in the first period. They gained possession on their own 33-yard line. Guy Williamson "tore off a thrilling run, placing the ball on Westminster's 36-yard line." Six plays later Williamson scored and George Fry added the goal. Pitt led 7—0.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
Early in the second quarter Pitt had the ball at midfield. After George Fry and George McLaren advanced the ball for a first down, "Williamson gave another demonstration of his open field running by adding 25 yards on a criss-cross pass. This brought the ball to the Westminster 9-yard line." McLaren plunged into the end zone for the touchdown on fourth down. Fry missed the goal kick. Pitt regained possession and advanced the ball quickly downfield on rushes by DeHart, Fry and Williamson. The Westminster defense stiffened.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
"Finally, Williamson threw a forward pass over the line, and there were two men under it, Herron and Carlson, who both jumped for it. Neither knew the other and both had a hold on the ball and fought for it. It was decided Herron had hold of it first. Fry missed another chance at goal." The halftime score read Pitt 19 to Westminster 0.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
"Williamson had a running matinee in the early stages of the third period. First, he ran the kick-off back 30 yards to the Pitt 40-yard line, and then he tore through the opposition for 54 yards bringing the ball only several yards from the goal line." Jim Morrow scored the touchdown and the goal after was unsuccessful. The Pitt defense forced Westminster to punt. Williamson fielded it on the Westminster 45-yard line. "The Pitt captain swung to the right and started towards the Westminster goal. Bob Peck cut across and bowled over tackler after tackler and soon it was a clear road for Williamson. Peck kicked the resultant goal after and the score was 32—0 in favor of Pitt."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
The fourth quarter was scoreless as Coach Warner made wholesale substitutions.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
The Pitt Weekly noted: "The game Saturday was one of the cleanest ever staged on Forbes Field. Not a penalty was inflicted on either side during the entire game."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Westminster
The Pitt lineup for the game against Westminster was H. Clifford Carlson, William Harrington and Dale Sies (left end), Claude Thornhill and Leonard Hilty (left tackle), John Sutherland and James Bond, Jr. (left guard), Bob Peck and Thomas Kendrick, Jr. (center), Randall Soppitt and James McQuiston (right guard), Isadore Shapira, Fred Seidel and Ralph Chiquennoi (right tackle), James Herron, Thomas Beattie and O. C. Ammons (right end), Guy Williamson, Eric Meadows and James DeHart (quarterback), George McLaren, James Morrow and Sam Friedlander (left halfback), James DeHart, Whitey Miller and Henry Stahlman (right halfback), and George Fry and William McClelland (fullback). The first half consisted of two 12-minute quarters and the second half consisted of two 10-minute quarters.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Navy
The second game for the 1915 season was a road trip to Annapolis, MD to take on the Midshipmen of the Naval Academy. The Middies were led by first year coach Jonas H. Ingram and were 0—1 on the season, having lost to Georgetown. Navy would finish the season 3—5—1. "The Pitt boys leave the city at 11:10 (Friday night) accompanied by a number of students and alumni who go as rooters. In accordance with the request of the university faculty, that the team be away as short a time as possible, the return trip will be made tomorrow (Saturday) night, so the players will miss only their Saturday morning classes."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Navy
The Baltimore Sun put it bluntly: "The husky Midshipmen found themselves powerless to check Pittsburgh's scoring machine and as a result they were walloped in the annual game here this afternoon by a count of 47 to 12. It was the most severe drubbing administered to the sailor lads since the Army game of 10 years ago, when the rival West point cadets won by 40 to 5."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Navy
Richard Guy of The Gazette Times lauded Pitt: "The University of Pittsburgh football forces swept the Midshipmen aside in a whirlwind fashion this afternoon, and gave the Navy one of its most crushing defeats in history. The final score was Pitt 47, Navy 12, and the disparity in the Navy points about tells the difference in the relative strength of the two teams. The attack which Pitt showed this afternoon was of a whirlwind nature, crushing, bewildering and irresistible. The Midshipmen were powerless before it."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Navy
Florent Gibson of The Pittsburgh Post entertained: "While Pitt was expected to trim the Middies, no one expected Warner's month-old machine to demonstrate that, for national defense, the Navy is a liability rather than an asset. The Pitt machine drubbed the Sailors as they haven't been trimmed since the War of 1812, and the convincing manner in which it was done demonstrates that Warner's system is producing results at Pitt in its very first year."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Navy
"Pittsburgh invaded the Navy goal line on seven occasions and five of the attempts at goal were successful." The touchdowns were scored by George McLaren (2), Andy Hastings, Guy Williamson, Whitey Miller, Leonard Hilty and Jimmy DeHart. George Fry kicked 3 goals and Andy Hastings and Bob Peck added one each. "The most sensational affair of the whole game was staged when “Jimmie” DeHart caught a kick off five yards behind his own goal line and with perfect interference streaked the entire length of the field for a touchdown."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Navy
"The first touchdown of the opposition was registered by Martin, the Navy right end, when he pulled Fry's uncovered pass out of the sky on his own ten yard line and raced ninety yards for the score. “Navy's second score was hung up in the final quarter, when Williamson, standing for a kick formation 13 yards from his goal line, fumbled and Navy recovered the ball. The Middies made a mighty effort here. Four plunges through the line were successful, Vail finally going over for the touchdown.”


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Navy
“Though outplayed and outmaneuvered at every stage, Navy lived up to its traditions and went down fighting. Even at the end of the match with Pitt 35 points ahead, the sailors fought back the visitors' approach and recovered a fumble in the very last second's of play on their one yard line."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Navy
The Pitt lineup for the game with Navy was H. Clifford Carlson and Dale Sies (left end), Claude Thornhill and Leonard Hilty (left tackle), John Sutherland (left guard), Bob Peck (center), Randall Soppitt (right guard), Carl Hockensmith and Fred Seidel (rightn tackle), James Herron (right end), Guy Williamson and Jimmy DeHart (quarterback), Andy Hastings (left halfback), Whitey Miller (right halfback), and George Fry and George McLaren (fullback). The game was played in 12-minute quarters.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carlisle
On October 16 the Pitt and Carlisle elevens met for the eighth and final time. Carlisle led by first year coach Victor Kelly sported a 1—2—1 record. They would finish the season 3—6—2. According to Richard Guy of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette: "The Indians said they were in great shape and expected to win today's game. Pitt will line up without the services of Sutherland, guard, and Hockensmith, tackle, both being laid up with injuries."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carlisle
"This will be the only game in Pittsburgh this year operated under the four-official system, which is permitted under the rules as revived last winter. Few teams are taking advantage of the change in the regulations which allow the use of the field judge, and the Penn contest is the only other one on the Pitt schedule in which this official will be use."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carlisle
"This afternoon marks the initial appearance for the season of the Pitt's student band. The music makers will lead the big parade of students which forms at Thaw Hall at 2 o'clock, marching through Oakland to Forbes Field."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carlisle
Richard Guy of The Gazette Times gave the usual laudatory report: "The Carlisle Indians were defeated by the representatives of the University of Pittsburgh in their annual football game yesterday afternoon on the Forbes Field gridiron by the lopsided score of 45—0. It was a rout for the Indians, the worst in their gridiron history. Never at one moment during the one hour of activity on the field did the wards of Uncle Sam hold their own with the team which is now being coached by Glenn Warner, their old-time mentor. They were outplayed in every particular and outclassed."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carlisle
W. B. McVicker of The Pittsburg Press was a bit more dramatic: "There is weeping and wailing about the campfires of the Carlisle Indians today and there is sadness in every teepee. That village's mightiest braves, all men of valor, were given the trouncing of their lives yesterday afternoon at Forbes Field by Pitt's paleface pigskin pushers, the final score being 45—0. Never before in the history of the Carlisle School did Uncle Sam's proteges receive such an unmerciful beating as handed them yesterday, and never before were the redskins so anxious to make a good showing. With their former coach, Glen Warner, in charge of the Pitt team, it was but natural that they should put forth every effort to hand a beating to the Gold and Blue."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carlisle
"Six touchdowns, six goals from touchdown, and a neat field goal from (Roscoe) Gougler's toe brought the final score to its mark." The first half tallies were made by George Fry, twice, Guy Williamson and Andy Hastings. Fry connected on all four extra points. Roscoe Gougler and George McLaren scored the fourth quarter touchdowns with Gougler adding the goals after. "One play that fairly pulled the spectators to their feet was the 65-yard run of Capt. "Chalky" Williamson near the end of the first quarter. "Chalky" made his sensational spurt after grabbing Calac's long punt on Pitt's 35-yard line. Before crossing his opponent's goal line the local leader was compelled to travel through the entire Indian lineup, which he did in a manner that stamps him as one of the best open-field runners who has ever worn the Gold and Blue."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carlisle
The Pitt lineup for the game against Carlisle was H. Clifford Carlson and William Harrington (left end), Claude Thornhill and Leon Hilty (left tackle), Dale Sies, James Bon d Jr., and Fred Sieman (left guard) Bob Peck and Thomas Kendrick (center), Randall Soppitt and Edward Stahl (right guard), Fred Seidel and Ralph Clicquennoi (right tackle), James Herron, Thomas Beattie, and O. C. Ammons (right end), Guy Williamson, Eric Meadows and James Morrow (quarterback), Andy Hastings and Roscoe Gougler (left halfback), Jimmy DeHart, Whitey Miller, Frank McNulty and Henry Stahlman (right halfback), and George Fry, George McLaren and William McClelland (fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
"When Pitt lines up against Penn it will not have its strongest array on the field, for three of the most promising one-year men on the team who have been starring, will be kept out because of the one year residence rule, which will be in force against the Quakers. The trio is Sies, who played a very good game at guard against the Indians; Seidel, the tackle, and McLaren, fullback." In addition, halfback William Miller broke his ankle in the Carlisle game and was out for the season.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
On October 22 at 12:01 p.m. the Pitt football team departed from Union Station accompanied by "coaches, trainers managers, alumni and students sufficient to fill a special train. Reaching Philadelphia at 8:45 (Friday night), the players will go immediately to the Hotel Normandy, but a few blocks from Franklin Field, and get an early sleeping start. Warner is figuring on having his men well rested."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
"Members of the two teams will wear distinguishing numbers thus following the scheme first inaugurated at Pitt several years ago. This is one idea which the east owes the west, at any rate, and spectators at the big games may well be grateful for its spread."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
Host Penn led by third year coach George H. Brooke had a 3—1—1 record, winning their first three games and then losing to Penn State and tying Navy. The Pitt Weekly noted: "The team that took the field for the Philadelphia was a different team than the one that lost to Penn State and tied with the Middies. Entering the game with all regular men in the lineup for the first time this year, the Penn eleven played their hardest and the form displayed was the best that they have shown for the past two years. But their efforts were unavailing. The squad that swamped the Navy and the Carlisle Indians could not be denied ultimate victory."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
Robert W. Maxwell of the Evening Ledger opined: "When it is considered that Pitt came here with a well-trained and well-coached team, the men on edge to play the game of their lives to beat Penn, the performance of the Red and Blue is all the more remarkable. The team was not especially prepared for this contest. It was on the schedule and regarded merely as a "practice game" - a game to prepare the team for battles with Dartmouth, Michigan and Cornell."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
The Philadelphia Inquirer was not impressed: "The football team of the University of Pittsburgh yesterday defeated Pennsylvania by the score of 14 to 7, or two touchdowns to one. It was a real victory for Pittsburgh, but that they did not win by a much larger score turned the defeat into a practical victory for Old Penn and made the 15,000 fans at Franklin Field happy."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
The Pittsburgh Press summed it up best with the sub-headline: "Coach Warner's Men Fail to Play Their Best Game, But Gain Easy Decision Over Pennsylvania Eleven." W. B. McVicker reported:  "Opposed to a team which the football critics of the country conceded to be one of the most formidable in the land, the Quaker City lads put up a battle that was worth traveling miles to witness. Throughout the 60 minutes the rivals were pitted against each other on the gridiron, there was not one single dull moment, while at the critical stages, the excitement was intense. The largest crowd that has visited Franklin Field during the present season was on hand to witness the fray, fully 20,000 persons passing through the gates."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
The first quarter was scoreless. Late in the second period, Pitt end James Herron "appeared in the limelight when he fell upon a fumble on the Penn 45-yard line. From this point Pitt steamed up the offense and on lateral and double passing, the backfield men reached the five-yard line. Here Penn made a gallant stand. (Andy) Hastings tore around tackle to within a foot of the goal line, but Ted Fry was twice repulsed on smashes into the center of the line. Finally, Hastings went past Harris for touchdown. Fry kicked the goal." Pitt led 7—0 at the end of the half.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
"As in the opening period, neither goal line was crossed in the third quarter." Mid-fourth quarter Pitt gained possession on the Penn 44-yard line. James Morrow, James DeHart and Ted Fry advanced the ball to the Penn 4-yard line. "On the next play DeHart started to dash around the Penn right flank. While going at top speed DeHart fumbled, but without losing his speed, bent forward and gobbled up the bounding ball on a rebound. He flashed across the goal line for the second touchdown. Fry kicked the resultant goal and the Pitt rooters went wild."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
Penn scored with less than two minutes left in the game. James Morrow fumbled on the Pitt 16-yard line and Ross recovered for Penn. Two running plays advanced the ball to the 2-yard line. After five plays and two penalties, "Williams sped around Pitt's left end for a touchdown, making it on the last down. Bell kicked the goal." Final Score: Pitt 14 — Penn 7.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
The Pitt lineup for the game against Penn was H. Clifford Carlson and Thomas Beattie (left end), Claude Thornhill and Leonard Hilty (left tackle), Isadore Shapira and John Sutherland (left guard), Bob Peck (center), Randall Soppitt (right guard), Carl Hockensmith (right tackle), James Herron (right end), Guy Williamson and Eric Meadows (quarterback), Andy Hastings, James Morrow, and Joe Matson(left halfback), James DeHart and William McClelland (right halfback) and George Fry (fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
The Evening Ledger contained insightful commentary concerning the Penn versus Pitt game:


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
"Perhaps the greatest feature connected with the Penn-Pitt game was the wonderful drawing ability of Warner's team. When Pitt was scheduled by the Penn management it was considered doubtful whether or not it would be a good attraction, and the western Pennsylvanians got the date more because the negotiations with another team fell through. The Pitt athletic authorities argued that they would draw a large crowd; but the size of the gathering at Franklin Field Saturday was far beyond the hopes of both institutions.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, at Penn
There were more than 17,000 persons at the game, and it was the second largest crowd in five years. There was not a person present who did not vote it a great game. Pitt has proved itself a worthy foe, and one which can attract the spectators, and there is no reason why this game cannot be made a great event between eastern and western Pennsylvania each season."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
The Allegheny College Methodists from Meadville, PA were Pitt's opponent on the last Saturday in October. The Methodists were led by third year coach Charles Hammett. Coach Hammett led the Methodists to an undefeated 1914 season and his 1915 edition was 3—1 prior to the Pitt game, having lost to Carnegie Tech.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
Pitt came out of the Penn game with no major injuries and "the return of the freshmen members of the squad to active participation in the Allegheny game means that Pitt can utilize her entire list of candidates again."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
The Meadville Evening Republican reported: "As was generally predicted the University of Pittsburgh football team proved too strong for the Allegheny College team in the game at Pittsburgh Saturday and the latter team was defeated by a score of 42 to 7. Allegheny was strong in its forward passing and, after the one touchdown was made, the Meadville team twice worked its way right up to the Pitt threshold by means of the aerial attack. In the third quarter Allegheny had possession of the ball the greater part of the time on account of its adeptness in hurling it through space. Allegheny was outclassed, however, in running the ends and bucking the line, and was unable to do a thing with Pitt's forwards."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
The 1917 Owl Yearbook gave the best recap: "Allegheny's spectacular aerial attack caused Pitt all sorts of trouble, and gave fans something to worry about before the Wash-Jeff game. The Methodists scored a touchdown early in the session, and bothered the University defense on other occasions. Panther power and punch proved a fine counter-irritant, however, and Allegheny was soon snowed under."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
Richard Guy of The Gazette Times urged caution: "The University of Pittsburgh achieved a comparatively easy football victory over Allegheny College yesterday on the Forbes Field gridiron, 42 to 7, but at the same time was shown that the passing game is a feat which the local eleven must master before it will be able to cope with W. & J. or any other team which employs it."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
Pitt scored six touchdowns. Guy Williamson and Andy Hastings each scored two. James DeHart and Ted Fry each tallied once. Ted Fry "kicked six goals after touchdowns, one being at a rather difficult angle." "Williamson made two of the most thrilling dashes ever witnessed in this city." The first was a 65-yard punt return three minutes into the game. "The Pitt captain received the pigskin on his own 35-yard line and by sensational dodging and the superb interference of his teammates, ran the remaining distance to Allegheny's goal line. The second thriller came in the second quarter when, on a kick formation, "Chalky" eluded tackler after tackler and ran 62 yards for a touchdown."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
"The only touchdown Allegheny made was early in the game when Cox threw to Scannell for a 20-yard gain across the goal line. Williamson apparently had Scannell covered, but he got free and received the ball back of the line." Allegheny finished their season with a 5-3 record.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
The Pitt lineup for the game against Allegheny was Dale Sies, H. Clifford Carlson and William Harrington (left end), Claude Thornhill, Leonard Hilty and Joe Trees, Jr. (left tackle), John Sutherland, Fred Siemon, Isadore Shapira and James Bond Jr. (left guard), Bob Peck and Thomas Kendrick Jr. (center), Randall Soppitt, James McQuiston and Edward Stahl (right guard), Carl Hockensmith and Ralph Cliquennoi (right tackle), James Herron, O. C. Ammons, and Thomas Beattie (right end), Guy Williamson and Eric Meadows (quarterback), Andy Hastings, Roscoe Gougler and James Morrow (left halfback), James DeHart, Frank McNulty and Henry Stahlman (right halfback) and Ted Fry and William McClelland (fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Allegheny
^ The Panther was designated the University animal in autumn of 1909 and this seems to be the first publication that referred to the Pitt team as Panthers.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
On November 6, the Red and Black of Washington & Jefferson College led by coach Bob Folwell and sporting a 5—0—1 record arrived at Forbes Field to try and defeat the Pitt eleven for the 12th time in 16 tries. "Folwell reports his charges in splendid shape physically and mentally. By the latter he means the men know their plays." "Every man is in perfect physical condition, and if W. & J. does not win it will not be lack of proper training. My players will fight to the last ditch and I know that the Red and Black supporters will not be ashamed of their playing, whichever way it goes."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"The Pitt team will go on the field in shape. Of course the Gold and Blue warriors will miss halfback William Miller and fullback George McLaren, but neither was slated to start the game".


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Ralph S. Davis of The Pittsburg Press noted: "While 35,000 frenzied enthusiasts yelled themselves hoarse, the University of Pittsburgh yesterday at Forbes Field won the football championship of Western Pennsylvania, defeating W. & J's strong eleven by the decisive score of 19—0."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Florent Gibson with The Pittsburgh Sunday Post showed his usual flair: "After three arid years, Pitt's cup of joy is filled to the brim and running over. Forced to taste the bitter dregs of defeat for three successive seasons, the Blue and Gold drank deep of the magic potion of success yesterday. And it's all the sweeter because it was a drink earned in as tough and enduring struggle that ever has graced a gridiron."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"The University team went into the contest with the definite orders not to try anything in the first half. The scheme was to play it safe. Wash & Jeff's forward passing was to be solved and their weak points noted. The team entered the second half ready and under orders to launch their long expected attack." "The break came three minutes after the kickoff for the commencement of the period. Pitt got its running attack under way, and Red Hastings, tearing through the left flank of the Red and Black team, sped down the field for 59 yards for touchdown.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Ted Fry kicked the resultant goal." Pitt led 7 to 0. Then W. & J. advanced the ball into Pitt territory "to within the shadows of the Pitt goal line when Stobbs fumbled. James Herron, the big end, picked up the ball and sped down the field along the east sidelines for touchdown. Pitt adherents were in a state of joy." Pitt led 13 to 0, as the goal kick was not attempted. Pitt kicked into the end zone and W. & J. started on the 20-yard line.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
On second down, "Sutherland, a giant guard, intercepted a forward pass" and "stepped back to the 13 before he could be brought to earth." Hastings carried it a foot from pay dirt and "Ted Fry jabbed the center of the rush line, and Pitt had made its third touchdown." Then "Fry missed his first goal from touchdown in his last 18 attempts" but Pitt led 19—0. "That ended the scoring as neither team negotiated a point in the fourth period."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The Pitt lineup for the game against Washington & Jefferson was H. Clifford Carlson (left end), Claude Thornhill (left tackle), John Sutherland and Dale Sies (left guard), Bob Peck (center), Randall Soppitt (right guard), Carl Hockensmith (right tackle), James Herron (right end), Guy Williamson (quarterback), Andy Hastings (left halfback), James DeHart and Frank McNulty (right halfback), and Ted Fry (fullback). The game was played in 15 minute quarters.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
On November 13, Carnegie Tech and Pitt squared off for the sixth time in front of 10,000 spectators. For the second week in a row the Pitt eleven faced an unbeaten team. Carnegie Coach Walter Steffen's lads were 6—0 and would finish the season 7—1 in his second season at the helm. "Tech's determination to make a showing at the expense of an eleven recognized as one of the greatest in the country is commendable. Tech will present a lineup that's not quite the regular one. Ex-captain McCaughey will be in place of McFeaters, the big tackle who was disabled in the Case game, and Kelly will play McCaughey's guard."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
"Pitt will be minus the services of tackle (Claude) Thornhill and fullback (Ted) Fry today, and, though their places will be filled by acceptable men, it is feared that the substitutions may throw the machine a trifle out of gear." After the Wash-Jeff game, it is natural that there should be a let down, "but the supporters are firm in their belief that Warner will have some special treatment, well adapted to the foiling of Tech's ambition up his sleeve for this afternoon's imbroglio, and will bring his eleven off victorious."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
"The cheering of the rival students bodies started a half hour before game time and those who came early were well repaid. Several hundred Boy Scouts, headed by a brass band, attended the game as guests of the University of Pittsburgh. For the majority it was their first big football game and judging from the noise they made, every minute of the struggle was thoroughly enjoyed by the little fellows."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
W. B. McVicker of The Pittsburgh Press gushed: "Outclassed and outplayed in every department of the game, out fighting for every inch of ground, Carnegie Tech's gridiron warriors went down to defeat, 28 to 0, yesterday afternoon at Forbes Field before Glenn Warner's Pitt eleven, conceded to be one of the strongest football teams in the United States, today."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Gazette Times reported: "The offense of the Carnegie Tech team was not strong enough to cope with the defense of the Pitt representatives yesterday afternoon at Forbes Field and the result was that the Plaid was beaten in its annual football game with the Gold and Blue, 28 to 0."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
"Of the 28 points scored by the Gold and Blue machine, (Andy) Hastings is credited with 22, having scored three touchdowns and kicked four goals following touchdowns. George McLaren made the only other score of the game." In the first quarter, "Hastings received the ball on Tech's 33 yard line and his interference enabled him to escape the line of scrimmage, but at the outside he met the secondary defense awaiting him. Altdoerfer made a grasp for him, but Hastings evaded the outstretched paws. Finley dashed at him but was tricked. Kesner stood between him and the goal posts but the Kiski product eluded the Plaid general with an squirm. The other tallies were marked up from bucks through the line with the ball in scoring distance."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Pitt lineup for the game against Carnegie Tech was H. Clifford Carlson and Thomas Beattie (left end), Leonard Hilty and Dale Sies (left tackle), John Sutherland and James Bond Jr. (left guard), Bob Peck and Isadore Shapira (center), Randall Soppitt (right guard), Carl Hockensmith and Fred Seidel (right tackle), James Herron and William Harrington (right end), Guy Williamson and Eric Meadows (quarterback), Andy Hastings and Roscoe Gougler (left halfback), James DeHart, Frank McNulty and Henry Stahlman (right halfback) and George McLaren and William McClelland (fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
On Thanksgiving Day, November 25, 1915, the University of Pittsburgh football team was playing for the Championship of Pennsylvania and possibly the National Title against the once beaten Penn State Nittany Lions led by first year coach Dick Harlow. The only blemish on their resume was a 13 to 0 loss to Harvard. Penn State was on a two game losing streak to Pitt for the first time in the series history.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
On the eve of the game Coach Harlow told The Gazette Times: "I am not claiming victory, but I do claim that you will see a fighting team opposing Pitt tomorrow at Forbes Field and the fighting bunch will be representing Penn State. He added that his team is in splendid condition."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Coach Warner altered Pitt's starting backfield. "Eric Meadows will in all probability be at quarterback. Captain Williamson will be at right halfback with (Andy) Red Hastings at left halfback and George McLaren at fullback. Bob Peck will start at center in the Pitt line."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Gazette Times noted: "If Pitt comes through with a win this afternoon the University will be permanent possessor of the Spalding Trophy, which has been won by the Blue and Gold during the past two years. State won the trophy previously offered but has yet to secure a leg on the present prize." And Richard Guy added: "Most prominent among the spectators will be a party of visitors from Japan. The party is headed by Baron Shibusawa, and includes some 10 or 12 of Japan's notables in commercial and public life." They are guests of the Chamber of Commerce and will be accompanied to the game by H. J. Heinz.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Pittsburgh Post reported: "While 30,000 breathless folks looked on, ...the Blue and Gold gridders exploded with a loud report. They opened fire with all their batteries and, silencing the not inconsiderable heavy artillery of Penn State, totted up 20 points to none. Pitt's high explosive guns rent the Blue and White defense apart time after time and achieved a notable victory in a contest that, as a desperate and well-played struggle, will rank ahead of any game played hereabout in many seasons."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Richard Guy of The Gazette Times weighed in: "Pitt defeated Penn State in their annual football game at Forbes Field yesterday afternoon in such an impressive manner that there was little room to doubt the genuineness of the Pitt claim to championship honors for the year. At the conclusion of the game yesterday at Forbes Field Dick Harlow, the Penn State coach, sought out Floyd Rose in the Pitt dressing room, and said: "My team played just as well today as it did at Harvard. I have no excuse to offer, but I do want to say that the Pitt team this afternoon was much stronger than was Harvard the day we lost to it. I think we were beaten by the best team in the land today."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Andy Hastings again was the star. "His first successful placement kick of the season was registered early in the tussle and that score broke the ice. Later on he annexed the two touchdowns and kicked both goals, amassing in all a total of 17 points, enough to have him stand out as a prominent figure in the melee." Roscoe Gougler "kicked a neat field goal to show his appreciation of the opportunity."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Pitt earned 14 first downs held the Nittanies to 4. Pitt gained 315 yards and held State to 95. Penn State was only able to complete one pass out of ten attempts versus the Pitt defense.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The 1917 Owl Yearbook praised the victory: "For the third year in succession Pitt showed itself master over State in what was without question the finest engagement of the whole year."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Pittsburgh Press noted: "Coach Warner said today:"I have nothing but praise for the members of my team. Our success was due primarily to the grand spirit displayed by the boys, and the manner in which they worked together. I knew the moment I saw the material that I had the best team in the land, and the boys' achievements on the gridiron have verified my opinion."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Pitt lineup for the game against Penn State was H. Clifford Carlson and Dale Sies (left end), Claude Thornhill and Leonard Hilty (left tackle), John Sutherland (left guard), Bob Peck and Isadore Shapira (center), Randall Soppitt (right guard), Carl Hockensmith (right tackle), James Herron and Thomas Beattie (right end), Eric Meadows and James DeHart (quarterback), Andy Hastings and Roscoe Gougler (left halfback), Guy Williamson and Frank McNulty (right halfback) and Geortge McLaren and Ted Fry (fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
Warner's impact was immediate. Led by center Robert Peck, Pitt's first First Team All-American, and All-American end James Pat Herron, the 1915 Pitt team went 8–0, shutting out five opponents and outscoring opponents by a combined 247–19. In 1933, the team was retrospectively selected by football historian Parke H. Davis as that season's co-national champion, along with Cornell.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
Robert Peck was elected captain of the 1916 team at the conclusion of the Penn State game.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
Since the foregone conclusion was that Cornell would be declared the Eastern Champions, Joseph H.Thompson, Chairman of the Pitt Football Committee sent a telegram to Cornell suggesting a postseason game: "In deference to the sentiment among ye football-loving public, which would like to see the football supremacy of the East decided, the University of Pittsburgh is willing to play Cornell within two weeks on neutral grounds, say in Philadelphia or New  York, each team to pay its own expenses and the entire proceeds to be devoted to some deserving charity. Please advise."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
The Pitt Weekly was not enthralled with the idea: "We feel that this was an unfortunate occurrence and no positive good can result from it. It was a foregone conclusion that Cornell would not accept the challenge under any circumstances. Coming when it did, naturally, the Big Red athletes had broken training, and as Coach Sharpe said, with considerable effect, "Football is not everything at Cornell." The challenge puts Pittsburgh in the opposite light. We are begging to be allowed the try at the laurel not they. We believe that our athletics should be free from any such taint of caucus methods. And we resent the insinuation that "Football is everything at Pittsburgh."


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
“From the first to last, from the time Collingswood and his assistants left Pittsburgh, late in August, to get Camp Hamilton in shape to receive visitors, to that last day in November when the Blue and Gold athletes followed “Chalky” (Williamson) off the gridiron, the 1915 season was a thing of beauty and a joy forever. “A season without regrets,” Warner called it; and he ought to know. Of the lettermen of 1915, Williamson, Hockensmith, Shapira and Beattie will not return. Their places will be hard to fill, but Coach Warner will have on hand plenty of reserve material from which another strong machine may be developed.”


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, List of national championship selectors
The 1915 team was selected or recognized as national champions by multiple selectors, of which only Parke H. Davis's selection is recognized as "major" (i.e. national in scope) by the official NCAA football records book. College Football Data Warehouse also recognizes Pitt as co-national champion in 1915.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, List of national championship selectors
Among the 27 selectors who chose nine teams retrospectively as national champions for 1915, these determined Pitt to be national champions.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, List of national championship selectors
Koger, Smith and Davis also selected undefeated Cornell, as did 13 other selectors.


1915 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, List of national championship selectors
* A "major" selector that was "national in scope" according to the official NCAA football records book.


1915 Pittsburgh Pirates season
The 1915 Pittsburgh Pirates season was the 34th season of the Pittsburgh Pirates franchise; the 29th in the National League. The Pirates finished fifth in the league standings with a record of 73–81.


1915 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1915 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1915 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1915 Pittsburgh Rebels season
The 1915 Pittsburgh Rebels' season was a season in American baseball. The Rebels finished in third place in the Federal League, just one-half game behind the Chicago Whales and St. Louis Terriers.