1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Eastern Suburbs 9 Campbell Try; D. Messenger 3 goals) defeated South Sydney 8 (Darmody 4 goals) at the Agricultural Ground. John 'Dinny' Campbell gives his recollections of the event.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
"In 1912 Easts' were playing Souths on the Agricultural ground, and, like all such games, this one was as keen as mustard. Early on, with the help of Messenger, I scored between the posts - Easts 5, South 0. Darmondy of Souths kicked a good goal and then kicked another just before the interval, which left Easts leading 5-4 at half time. Soon after the Resumption Darmody kicked a 3rd goal. Souths 6, Easts 5. Gleefully Souths supporters were yelling out: "how do you like it, Dally, being beaten at your own game?"


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Dally, not to be daunted, kicked a good goal. Easts 7, Souths 6. With about 15 minutes to go Darmody kicked his 4th goal, to lead 8-7. The crowd were ecstatic. Easts were all over Souths but could not penetrate. Then right on the bell, I broke through, came to Hallet, put the ball over his head. It was a great race between Hallet and myself and the deadball line. The dead ball line won.Was that the end? No. Hallet dropped out from the 25-yard line and Dally, appearing from nowhere, caught the ball and called for a 'mark'.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
A good 5 yards on his own side of halfway and right on the sideline. I can still hear 'Pony' Halloway, Dan Frawley and myself moan at his attitude. We wanted him to come round the open side and with a last effort endeavor to score a try. We claimed it was a million to one chance of his finding the goal posts. As Messenger placed the ball many people began to jeer and hoot. Because of the mark he had taken the ball back another 5 yards making 65 yards from the corner flag.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Even some of his own supporters joined in the jeering at his seemingly high opinion of himself. With still greater deliberation, he walked slowly back some six or seven yards, stopped, wiped the toe of his right boot on his left leg and with a quick run launched the mighty kick. The jeers were quitening as the ball started to lift across the ground, as the projection increased some gasps were heard, and the crowd went berserk as the ball flew between the posts and landed over the dead ball line, and Easts had won the match. "...John 'Dinny' Campbell.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Eastern Suburbs 10 ( H. H Messeger 4, W Messenger goals ) defeated Glebe Dirty Reds  2 ( goal ) at the Agricultural Ground. Crowd: 2200.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Eastern Suburbs 41 (W. Messenger 2, E.White 2, Griffiths. Frawley, Campbell tries; H. Messenger 9 goals, ? goal) beat Western Suburbs 9 (A. Joas try; Medcalf 3 goals) at the Agricultural Ground, crowd 2000


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
“ Eastern Suburbs made merry at the expense of Western Suburbs, whom they defeated by the large margin of 32 points. The premiers took matters very easily throughout, and could have increased their margin if they so wished. Messenger made himself prominent by kicking 9 goals, and otherwise playing splendidly. Kinghorn gave one of his best exhibitions as fullback, and was loudly applauded for blocking a short punt over his head, when all expected Wests to score. Frawley was very  elusive, his tricky runs being a feature. Williams And P. White were the best of the forwards...Sydney Mornming Herald”


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Eastern Suburbs 6 (W. Messenger, D. Messenger Goals; D. Messenger Field Goal) defeated Glebe 4 (Theiring 2 Goals) at the Sydney Sports Ground.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
With no finals system played in the 1912 season the round 11 clash between the two front running sides went a long way towards determining the Premiers for that season. The match winning play is described this way


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
"From a scrum, with time running out, the ball swept from Dalton to (D)Messenger on the touchline, the skipper turned inside and potted the winning field goal."


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Both Griffiths and Glebe's Redmond were sent off in the match.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Eastern Suburbs 12 ( Frawley, P. White tries; Messenger, Frawley goals ) defeated Newtown 6 (Russell 3 goals ) at the Agricultural ground. crowd 10,000


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
But two rounds of the rugby League competition remain to be played, and the last vestige of hope that Glebe possesse of dethroning Eastern Sububurb has almost disappeared, for the Sydney Tricolours will have to be beaten in both contests before they are overhauled by the Reds - a most unlikely happening.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
At the Agricultural Ground about 10,000 people witnessed the second meeting of Eastern Suburbs and Newtown. The latter won the first engagement,  and they looked like repeating the performance. for the greatest part of the game. However, after enjoying a lead of six points to nil until half way through the second spell, they crumbled before the repeated  onslaughts of the premiérs, and had a penalty goal and two converted tries recorded against them.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Point analysis, Offence
Eastern Suburbs completed the following score options in the 1912 season:


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Point analysis, Offence
Eastern Suburbs scored a total of 230 points in 1912.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Point analysis, Defence
Eastern Suburbs conceded the following score options in the 1912 season:


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Point analysis, Defence
Eastern Suburbs conceded a total of 86 points in the 1912 season.


1912 Ecuadorian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Ecuador in 1912. The result was a victory for Leónidas Plaza, who received 98% of the vote.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election
The Edinburgh East by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Vacancy
Sir James Gibson had been Liberal MP for the seat of Edinburgh East since the 1909 Edinburgh East by-election. On 10 January 1912 his poor health was reported by The Times, who commented that he had been ill for some time. His death was reported two days later.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Electoral history
The seat had been won by a Liberal at every election since it was created in 1885. The result at the last election was as follows.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Electoral history
However, at the by-election in 1909, the Liberal majority had been reduced to 458 votes - 5.4%.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Candidates
When the by-election was first announced, the Conservative Party had already chosen John Gordon Jameson as their prospective candidate and he was quickly adopted. He was an advocate and son of Lord Ardwall.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Candidates
It took the Liberals a bit longer to settle on a candidate. There was early speculation that Andrew Anderson the Solicitor General for Scotland would be the Liberal candidate as he was without a seat in parliament having lost his seat at the 1911 North Ayrshire by-election. However, he expressed a desire to remain Liberal candidate for North Ayrshire. By 22 January, 38-year-old James Myles Hogge was chosen by the Liberals to defend the seat.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Candidates
He was raised in Edinburgh, where he attended the Edinburgh Normal School, Moray House School of Education, and the University of Edinburgh, where he was president of the Liberal Society. He was a founding member of the Young Scots' Society that favoured a Scottish Parliament. He started work as a pupil teacher in Edinburgh and was a 1st class King's Scholar at Moray House Training College, Edinburgh. In December 1910, Hogge stood as Liberal candidate in the Camlachie division of Glasgow, losing narrowly to a Liberal Unionist.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Campaign
Jameson, the Unionist candidate unsurprisingly sought to champion opposition to two Liberal Government policies, the Irish Home Rule proposals and the National Insurance Act while supporting Tariff Reform. However, he also spoke out in favour of the abolition of hereditary peers and making the second chamber democratic. He also favoured the use of public referenda. He was opposed to giving women the vote and opposed to granting Home Rule for Scotland.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Campaign
For the Liberal, Hogge stood for Irish and Scottish Home Rule, universal adult suffrage, temperance reform and the reform of the land laws. He also favoured the abolition of the House of Lords.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Campaign
The Edinburgh branch of the National Society for Women's Suffrage after questioning both candidates unsurprisingly chose to support the Liberal, James Hogge. The National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies also chose to use interest in the by-election to promote women's suffrage through a series of local meetings.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Result
Unsurprisingly, the Liberal majority was well down on what it had been at the last General election, however, the majority was nearly twice as much as it had been following the by-election in 1909.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Aftermath
A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election.


1912 Edinburgh East by-election, Aftermath
Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election
On May 7, 1912 Herman McInnes resigned from Edmonton City Council. One week later, on May 14, Charles Gowan did the same. On June 7, a by-election was held to replace both aldermen. The first place candidate would replace Gowan, who had been elected to a two-year term in February, while the second place candidate would replace McInnis, who had been elected to a one-year term. In addition, eight bylaws were put to the electorate on the same ballot.


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 371
To provide by issue of debentures $210,240.00 for improving and further extending Municipal Power House and Plant.


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 376
To provide by issue of debentures $200,020.00 to pay City share of paving certain streets.


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 427
To provide for the raising by the issue of debentures the sum of $50,126.67 for the purchasing of a site whereon to erect car barns in connection with the municipal street railway of the City of Edmonton.


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 428
To raise by the issue of debentures the sum on $25,100.00 for the purchase of bridging two certain ravines of Forty-second Street or Carleton Street


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 429
To authorize the establishment of a gas plant for the manufacture, distribution and supply of gas and to provide by the issue of debentures of the sum of $770,880.00 for such purposes.


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 430
To provide by the issue of debentures the sum of $21,900.00 for the purchase of a telephone sub-station.


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 431
To provide for the raising by the issue of debentures the sum of $150,380.00 for acquiring certain lands to extend the Park and Driveway System of the City of Edmonton.


1912 Edmonton municipal by-election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 435
To provide by the issue of debentures the sum of $66,000.00 to purchase certain lands for warehouse and storage yards south of the Saskatchewan River.


1912 Egmont by-election
The Egmont by-election of 1912 was a by-election held during the 18th New Zealand Parliament in the electorate of Egmont. The seat became vacant due to the resignation of Thomas Mackenzie after the fall of his government. The by-election was held on 17 September and was won by Charles Wilkinson.


1912 English cricket season
1912 was the 23rd season of County Championship cricket in England. The much-criticised Triangular Tournament of Test Matches was held between England, Australia and South Africa. The contest was affected by one of the wettest summers on record and was never repeated. England retained the Ashes, having defeated Australia in one Test.


1912 English cricket season, Test series
England won one of its matches against weakened Australia 1-0 with two drawn. Against South Africa, England won all three matches. Despite the loss of several key players, Australia beat South Africa 2-0 with one match drawn.


1912 English cricket season, Leading batsmen
C B Fry topped the averages with 1592 runs @ 56.85


1912 English cricket season, Leading bowlers
Sydney Barnes topped the averages with 69 wickets @ 11.33


1912 Epsom by-election
The Epsom by-election of 1912 was held on 21 March 1912. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Conservative MP, William Keswick. It was won by his son the Conservative candidate Henry Keswick, who was unopposed.


1912 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1912 European Figure Skating Championships were held on February 10 to 11 in Stockholm, Sweden. Elite figure skaters competed for the title of European Champion in the category of men's singles.


1912 European Rowing Championships
The 1912 European Rowing Championships were rowing championships held on Lake Geneva in the Swiss city of Geneva. The competition was for men only and they competed in five boat classes (M1x, M2x, M2+, M4+, M8+). The 1912 Olympic rowing competition had been held a month earlier in Stockholm, Sweden.


1912 FA Charity Shield
The 1912 Football Association Charity Shield was played on 4 May 1912. The game was played at White Hart Lane, home of Tottenham Hotspur, and was contested by the Football League champions Blackburn Rovers and the winners of the Southern League championship, Queens Park Rangers. The game ended in a 2–1 win for Blackburn Rovers, and the proceeds of the match were donated to the Titanic Relief Fund.


1912 FA Cup Final
The 1912 FA Cup Final was the 41st FA Cup final. It was contested by Barnsley and West Bromwich Albion. It took two matches to determine a winner. The first took place at Crystal Palace on 20 April 1912 and the second on 24 April at Bramall Lane. Barnsley scored the winning and only goal in the final minute of extra time (30 minutes) of the replay.


1912 FA Cup Final
West Bromwich Albion were naturally disappointed to have lost but they could console themselves in the fact that they were the better team on the day, at times running through their opponents in brilliant fashion. The "Throstles" reputation was enhanced by the display over the two ties even though they lost the match. The "Tykes" defended impeccably throughout and Tufnell scored the winning goal.


1912 FA Cup Final, Road to the Final, West Bromwich Albion
Home teams listed first. Round 1: West Bromwich Albion 3–0 Tottenham Hotspur


1912 FA Cup Final, Match programme
The programme showed that both teams played a 2–3–5 formation.


1912 FA Cup Final, Match summary
The crowd that assembled to watch the 1912 FA Cup Final was some 15–20,000 smaller than previous years but they still filled the ground and there was little spare space. Some spectators took to the trees around the ground and a group of WBA supporters tried to launch a blue and white striped hot air ballon but it burned before it left the ground. This failed stunt became a metaphor for a game that also failed to rise to meet the spectators expectations.


1912 FA Cup Final, Match summary
Barnsley did not play an exciting game of football; relying on their half backs to run alongside the WBA forwards making the WBA game of pass and return between their forwards and half backs too dangerous. Barnsley then tried to score on the break. But the WBA backs, led by Pennington, were able to contain the threat. This led to a stalemate, with WBA unable to play their normal game and Barnsley unable to push their advantage.


1912 FA Cup Final, Match summary
WBA had a couple of chances early in the first half when Cooper, the Barnsley goalkeeper, fumbled a shot from Baddeley but he did not have any support. Cooper was again tested when Jephcott centred the ball several times but again WBA did not press home the advantage. Barnsley had similar problems exploiting an advantage when Tufnell and Bartrop got through unmarked on the right wing. The Manchester Guardian felt that WBA had the better run of play in the first half but by the end of the second half felt the teams were evenly matched.


1912 FA Cup Final, Match summary
There were some exciting moments towards the end. The first came when Pearson, the WBA goalkeeper mishandled a centring pass from Moore and Barnsley managed two shots the first rebounding from a WBA player, the second from the woodwork. Moments from the end of the match Buck a WBA player had his best chance but hit a goal post.


1912 FA Cup Final, Match summary
The third drawn FA Cup Final in as many years drew aggravated comments from the departing crowds.


1912 FA Cup Final, Match summary
The Manchester Guardian felt the best players were the backs and half backs on each side, singling out Pennington and Buck on the WBA side for praise and Downs along with Glendinning for Barnsley. They also felt that Jephcott, the WBA wing had had a good match, with several good centring passes.


1912 FA Cup Final, Replay summary
Albion's run in the cup, combined with several postponements from the early part of the season, meant that they were forced to play seven games in ten days at the end of the campaign. This included an away match at Everton on 22 April, in-between the final and the replay. Albion lost the match 3–0 with a reserve side and were fined £150 by The Football League for fielding a weakened team, although nine of the eleven players had previously played in the league for the first team.


1912 FA Cup Final, Replay summary
To the frustration of the supporters the play during the replay was not much better than the original match. WBA's tactics had improved and they had the better of the play through most of the match but they failed to take their chances when they were presented. Pailor and Shearman missed a centring pass provided by Jephcott. Later in the second half Pailor almost got a shot past Cooper, who failed to control the ball, Glendinning saved the situation for Barnsley by kicking the ball into touch. Barnsley also tested the WBA goal, mainly Bartrop on the right wing. One of his shots in the first half had to be cleared off the line by Baddeley after Pearson fumbled the save.


1912 FA Cup Final, Replay summary
As the game ran into extra time, the Guardian commented that given the sunny and hot conditions the energy of the players was impressive and the pace of the game picked up. Apart from a brief attack on their goal by Travers and Moore the play was all with WBA until the last two minutes of extra time. Glendinning dribbled the ball out of a ruck in the Barnsley half and passed the ball to Tufnell, who was on the halfway line.


1912 FA Cup Final, Replay summary
Pennington, who had had an otherwise flawless game was bypassed as Tufnell kicked the ball past Penningtons right and then ran around his left side. Cook and Buck seeing the danger ran back, but they were too late. Within a few seconds Tufnell was in front of the goal. Pearson came off his line to narrow the angle and stamped his feet as he waited for the shot. Despite the pressure on him, Tufnell's shot was perfect; fast, low and out of Pearsons reach, it found the corner of the net.


1912 FA Cup Final, Replay summary
The Barnsley players hugged and kissed Tufnell as they celebrated his goal knowing that they could hold on for the final 2 minutes. The gate receipts for the replay were £2615 and a collection was held for the Titanic Disaster Fund which received a total of £49 1s 2d. The players travelled by motor back to Barnsley and were cheered through the streets of Sheffield as they held the cup to show the crowd. They arrived in Barnsley in the early evening to a great welcome.


1912 FA Cup Final, Replay summary
In discussing the players, the Guardian praised the Barnsley backs of Taylor & Downs, though Pennington for WBA also played well. Of the half backs Glendinning of Barnsley and McNeal from WBA judged to be the best on the day. When considering the WBA forwards Shearman, Bowser and Jephcot were praised, but Pailor in the centre had not made the best of the supply of crosses. Of the Barnsley forwards, Bartrop and Travers were the best.


1912 FA Cup Final, Replay summary
The victorious Barnsley team presented the match ball to Tiverton Preedy, the clergyman who had founded the club. It was displayed in his study until his death in 1928, whereupon it was returned to the club.


1912 Faroese general election
Partial general elections were held in the southern part of the Faroe Islands on 2 February 1912. The Union Party remained the largest in the Løgting, with 13 of the 20 seats.


1912 Fez riots
The Fes Riots, also known as the Fes Uprising or Mutiny (from Arabic: انتفاضة فاس, Intifadat Fes), the Tritl (Hebrew: התריתל, among the Jewish community) and the Bloody Days of Fes (from French: Les Journées Sanglantes de Fès) were riots which started April 17, 1912 in Fes, the then-capital of Morocco, when French officers announced the measures of the Treaty of Fes, which created the French protectorate in Morocco.


1912 Fez riots
Shortly before the riots the population of Fes learnt about the treaty, and in general viewed it as a betrayal by Sultan Abd al-Hafid who had travelled to Rabat to ensure his safety. After the riots he was forced to abdicate in favour of his brother Yusuf.


1912 Fez riots
Despite warnings of an uprising, most French troops left Fes, leaving behind 1,500 French troops and 5,000 Moroccan askars (local colonial infantrymen) commanded by French officers. On the morning of 17 April, the French officers announced the new measures to their askars. Many units immediately mutinied, causing a total loss of control.


1912 Fez riots
The soldiers attacked their French commanders, then left their barracks and attacked the European and Jewish quarters of the city. French artillery shelling was used to force the rebels to surrender, which took place after two days. The death toll included 66 Europeans, 42 Moroccan Jews and some 600 Moroccan Muslims.


1912 Fez riots
The first account of the riot was written by Hubert Jacques, a journalist at Le Matin, and a personal friend of Resident-General Hubert Lyautey. The report was strongly critical of Eugène Regnault.


1912 Finnish championships in aquatics
From 1906 to 1926, the Finnish Swimming Federation did not arrange a dedicated national competition, but spread out the hosting duties of the championship events to multiple clubs.


1912 Finnish championships in aquatics, Swimming, Men, 200 metre breaststroke
Aaltonen's result broke the world record. It could not be ratified, because the track was inspected to be two centimetres too short.


1912 Finnish championships in aquatics, Water polo, Men
The championship was settled by one match, won by Helsingfors Simsällskap 6–0 (2–0, 4–0).


1912 Fitzgibbon Cup
The 1912 Fitzgibbon Cup was the first staging of the Fitzgibbon Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association. The draw for the group stage fixtures took place at University College Cork on 10 January 1912. University College Dublin hosted the cup at Jones' Road from 26 April to 28 April 1912.


1912 Fitzgibbon Cup
On 18 April 1912, University College Dublin won the Fitzgibbon Cup after topping the group with four points after recording two wins. University College Cork were second.


1912 Five Nations Championship
The 1912 Five Nations Championship was the third series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship following the inclusion of France into the Home Nations Championship. Including the previous Home Nations Championships, this was the thirtieth series of the annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 1 January and 8 April. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.


1912 Florida Gators football team
The 1912 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1912 college football season. The season was the fourth for George Pyle as the Florida Gators football team's head coach. Pyle's 1912 Florida Gators finished their seventh varsity football season with an SIAA conference record of 1–2 and an overall winning record of 5–2–1.


1912 Florida Gators football team
The 1912 season marked several first-time events for the Florida Gators, including the first full season that the Florida football team would compete as the "Florida Gators"; the first games that they played against two future rivals, the Auburn Tigers and Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets (both games were losses); their first-ever victory over the South Carolina Gamecocks; their first season played in the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA); and the first time they ever participated in a post-season bowl game. Florida also claimed the state championship by beating in-state rival Stetson for the third consecutive year.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Before the season
Florida joined the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association, a large confederation of southern athletic programs that was the precursor to several other regional conferences, including the Southeastern Conference. This raised the profile of the young program (1912 was only the seventh academic year for the modern University of Florida) and allowed more contests against older football programs in the south and elsewhere. As Florida sportswriter and UF alumnus Tom McEwen wrote, "it was in 1912 when the Gators really ventured out into big-time football."


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Auburn
The season began with the first-ever game against coach Mike Donahue's Auburn Tigers, a 13–27 loss. Florida was unable to gain on Auburn's line, and made its scores off Auburn miscues. "The team, the coach and the University are happy over this honorable result, and grant cheerfully that Florida is not master; but only the worthy opponent of the Southern team, which, with Vanderbilt, claims the Southern pennant." Though a loss, the Gators scored more points than any other Auburn opponent that year.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, South Carolina
In the second week of play, the Gators defeated the South Carolina Gamecocks for the first time 10–6. One writer labeled it "the most thrilling and hardest fought game ever played on University Field."


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, South Carolina
Florida came back to win down 3–0 at the half, Dummy Taylor had an 18-yard drop kick field goal. After Taylor missed a drop kick, Carolina fumbled, and Florida's Hoyle Pounds recovered for a touchdown.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Georgia Tech
In their first time facing John Heisman's Georgia Tech team, Florida fell 6–14 in Jacksonville. Down 7–0, Florida scored after two passes from Tenney to Pounds, the first netting 40 yards. Alf McDonald made Tech's second touchdown.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Georgia Tech
The starting lineup was Mosley (left end), Coarsey (left tackle), Wilson (left guard), Watt (center), Baker (right guard), Sutton (right tackle), Pounds (right end), Buie (quarterback), Tenney (left halfback), Taylor (right halfback), McCullock (fullback).


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Charleston
The Gators beat the College of Charleston 78–0. Florida used several forward passes.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Stetson
Florida gave Stetson its worst loss on the year, 23–7. This was considered Dummy Taylor's greatest game. He kicked three field goals, two extra points, and ran for a touchdown.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Mercer
The Mercer Baptists fought the Gators to a scoreless tie. Mercer outweighed Florida, and both squads attempted several field goals. Mercer had shutout Florida each time they had met.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Tampa Athletic Club
Before the contest in Cuba, the Gators stopped in Tampa and defeated the Tampa Athletic Club 44–0. Rex Farrior, a high school senior who would become the captain of Florida's football team soon thereafter, played on the amateur home squad.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Postseason, Bacardi Bowl
In December, the Florida Gators team competed in their first ever post-season games: the Bacardi Bowl, a two-game series in Havana against squads from two Cuban athletic clubs.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Postseason, Bacardi Bowl
The first game was held on Christmas Day, and the Gators defeated the Vedado Athletic Club, 28–0. The second game, which pitted the Gators against the Cuban Athletic Club of Havana, ended abruptly when Coach Pyle realized that the officials were running the game according to football's old rules and that the head referee was the former coach of his opponent. Pyle pulled his players off the field during the first quarter and was arrested for violating a Cuban law prohibiting a game's suspension after spectators' money had been collected. A trial was scheduled and Pyle was released on bail, at which point he, the team, and the Gators' entire traveling party quickly boarded a steamship for Tampa, an escape which caused the coach to be branded a "fugitive from justice" by Cuban authorities.


1912 Florida Gators football team, Postseason, Bacardi Bowl
Bacardi Bowl officials declared that Florida had forfeited the second game and listed the result as a 1–0 win for the Cuban Athletic Club, while the University of Florida declared the game a 1–0 forfeit win for the Gators. In later years, the incomplete game was dropped from the university's official football record, and Florida's football teams would never again compete against a squad from Cuba.


1912 Florida gubernatorial election
The 1912 Florida gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Incumbent Governor Albert W. Gilchrist was term-limited. Democratic nominee Park Trammell was elected with 80.42% of the vote.


1912 Florida gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
Primary elections were held on April 30, 1912. The Democratic State Committee canvassed the results on May 9.


1912 Florida gubernatorial election, Democratic primary, Run-off
A run-off between the top two candidates was scheduled for May 28. However, on May 10, Milton withdrew, leaving Trammell the nominee.


1912 Fordham Maroon football team
The 1912 Fordham Maroon football team was an American football team that represented Fordham University as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In its first year under head coach Tom Thorp, Fordham claims a 17–5 record. College Football Data Warehouse (CFDW) lists the team's record at 4–4.


1912 Fordham Maroon football team, Schedule
The following eight games are reported in Fordham's media guide, CFDW, and contemporaneous press coverage.


1912 Fordham Maroon football team, Schedule
The following are 14 additional games reported in the Fordham media guide.


1912 French Grand Prix
The 1912 French Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held at Dieppe on 25–26 June 1912.


1912 French Grand Prix, The Race
The race was run over two days with the drivers completing ten laps on each day and their times being aggregated to produce the winner (similar to a modern rally race). Coupe de l'Auto cars competed alongside Grand Prix cars. The coupe cars were limited to 3 litre engines. The only restriction on the Grand Prix cars was that cars must be no wider than 1.75 metres. Riding mechanic Jean Bassignano was killed in a lap 3 crash when his driver Léon Collinet put a wheel off and flipped. 47 cars started the race at 30 second intervals, with Victor Rigal's Sunbeam the first to start.


1912 French Grand Prix, The Race
Victor Hemery, driving a Lorraine-Dietrich held the lead after the first lap. David Bruce-Brown's Fiat subsequently took the lead and retained it overnight, more than two minutes ahead of Georges Boillot's Peugeot. Louis Wagner was third at the halfway stage. During the second day, Bruce-Brown was disqualified for refuelling away from the pits on lap 15, giving Boillot a comfortable victory by over thirteen minutes from Wagner.


1912 French Grand Prix, The Race
The Sunbeams performed extremely well in the Coupe de l'Auto race, with Rigal finishing in first place, Resta second, and Medinger third. Due to their astonishing speed they were also placed in third, fourth, and fifth places in the Grand Prix itself, beating many, much more powerful machines. Rigal averaged 65.35 m.p.h. over the 956 miles, only 3 m.p.h. less than Boillot in his 7.6 litre Peugeot.


1912 Geneva Covenanters football team
The 1912 Geneva Covenanters football team was an American football team that represented Geneva College as an independent during the 1912 college football season. Led by Graydon Long in his first and only year as head coach, the team compiled a record of 3–4.


1912 Georgetown Blue and Gray football team
The 1912 Georgetown Blue and Gray football team represented Georgetown University during the 1912 college football season. Led by Frank Gargan in his first year as head coach, the team went 8–1 and won a South Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SAIAA) championship.


1912 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1912 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the Georgia Bulldogs of the University of Georgia during the 1912 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The Bulldogs completed the season with a 6–1–1, but its 46–0 loss to Vanderbilt was a big disappointment. Vanderbilt completed its 1912 season undefeated and won its third straight SIAA conference title. The otherwise strong season also include a tie with Sewanee. Bob McWhorter continued to overpower Georgia's opponents.


1912 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1912 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1912 college football season. Alf McDonald was All-Southern.


1912 German Ice Hockey Championship
The 1912 German Ice Hockey Championship was the first season of the German Ice Hockey Championship, the national championship of Germany. Berliner Schlittschuhclub won the championship by defeating SC Charlottenburg in the final.


1912 German federal election
Federal elections were held in Germany on 12 January 1912. Although the Social Democratic Party (SPD) had received the most votes in every election since 1890, it had never won the most seats, and in the 1907 elections, it had won fewer than half the seats won by the Centre Party despite receiving over a million more votes. However, the 1912 elections saw the SPD retain its position as the most voted-for party and become the largest party in the Reichstag, winning 110 of the 397 seats.


1912 German federal election
Parties hostile or ambivalent to the ruling elites of the German Empire – the Social Democrats, the Centre Party, and the left-liberal Progressives – together won a majority of the seats. This allowed a successful vote of no confidence in the government of Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg over the Saverne Affair in 1913 and the Reichstag Peace Resolution of 1917. However, the Centre and the Progressives were unwilling to act consistently in opposition, which left the government largely free to do as it wished.


1912 German federal election
Some historians, such as Fritz Fischer, have theorized that the First World War was partly a result of the strategy of the conservative Prussian Junkers to deal with the result. In an attempt to increase support for conservative parties and policies and to distract the population from the SPD, they hoped to drum up patriotism in an external conflict with Russia or another Eastern European state such as Serbia.


1912 German federal election
Georges Weill, an SPD candidate who won a seat in Metz, defected to France at the start of World War I.


1912 German football championship
The 1912 German football championship, the 10th edition of the competition, was won by Holstein Kiel, defeating Karlsruher FV 1–0 in the final.


1912 German football championship
It was Kiel's sole German championship win, previously having made a losing appearance in the 1910 final. Holstein Kiel made one more final appearance, in 1930, where it lost to Hertha BSC. For Karlsruher FV it was the last final appearance for the club, having previously defeated Kiel in the 1910 final and lost the 1905 one to Union 92 Berlin.


1912 German football championship
Karlsruhe's Fritz Förderer was the top scorer of the 1912 championship with six goals.


1912 German football championship
Eight clubs qualified for the competition played in knock-out format, the champions of each of the seven regional football championships as well as the defending German champions.


1912 Giro d'Italia
The 1912 Giro d'Italia was the 4th edition of the Giro d'Italia, a cycling race set up and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 19 May in Milan with a stage that stretched 398.8 km (248 mi) to Padua. The race was composed of nine stages that covered a total distance of 2,733.6 km (1,699 mi). The race came to a close in Bergamo on 4 June after a 235 km (146 mi) stage. The race was won by the Atala-Dunlop team that finished with Carlo Galetti, Eberardo Pavesi, and Giovanni Micheletto. Second and third respectively were Peugeot and Gerbi.


1912 Giro d'Italia
The calculation of the general classification changed from the previous editions of the race, shifting to a team-based event, with each team only allowed four riders. Points were awarded to teams based upon winning the stage, having multiple riders in the top four places in each stage, and finishing the stage with a minimum of three riders. A total of fourteen teams participated, with 56 riders registering and 54 officially starting the race.


1912 Giro d'Italia
Micheletto won the opening stage of the race to give Atala-Dunlop the first lead in the race. Despite two consecutive stage wins by Legnano riders, Atala-Dunlop still retained the lead going into the fourth stage. The fourth leg was held in rainy conditions that caused some rivers to overflow on the course and riders to take the wrong roads for extensive distances; this led to the cancellation of the stage and addition of a ninth leg that drew some of its route from the Giro di Lombardia. An Atala-Dunlop rider won the fifth stage, but the team lost the lead to Peugeot for one stage. Following the stage, Atala-Dunlop regained the lead and held that to the race's finish in Bergamo.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Changes from the 1911 Giro d'Italia
Outside the yearly changes in the route, race length, and number of stages, the biggest change was in how the general classification was to be calculated. The organizers chose to make the general classification centered on teams rather than individuals as the race was contested in the first three years of its existence. They chose to only allow teams of four riders to compete in the race, making this the first Giro d'Italia to not contain any independent riders. Each team was required to have three riders finish each stage in order to remain in the race.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Changes from the 1911 Giro d'Italia
The general classification was still determined by a point system: four points went to the team that the stage winner came from, if a team got two riders in the top four placings on a stage they got two points, and if a team completed the stage with the minimum three riders, they earned one point.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Changes from the 1911 Giro d'Italia
The new point system for the general classification was met with some resistance as many people were very confused by how the new system operated or simply preferred the original system the organizers had used in years past. In response to the confusion surrounding the general classification format, the race organizers released a supplement to help better explain how the new points system operated. A La Stampa writer claimed that the supplement provided several lengthy example calculations and stated that they would know after the first stage how successful this new system would be.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Changes from the 1911 Giro d'Italia
The team that won general classification won a grand prize of 4000 lire. The runner-up of the race received 2000 lire, third was rewarded with 1000 lire, fourth got 600 lire, and fifth place received 400 lire. Each stage winner received 600 lire and second place on the day got 300 lire.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Participants
Of the 56 riders that signed up to participate in the 1912 Giro d'Italia, 54 of them began the race on 19 May. Since the race's general classification was to be based around team points there were no independent riders as in years past. The organizers allowed the participating teams to have up to four riders, with each team needing three riders to finish each stage to remain in the race. There were a total of fourteen teams that started the 1912 Giro d'Italia.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Participants
A French team was planning on competing in the race, but opted not to and so all the teams that competed were based in Italy. This edition of the Giro d'Italia saw the first teams enter the race that were not sponsored by a bicycle related industry. Each team was required to wear identical colored jerseys.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Participants
The fourteen teams that took part in the race were:


1912 Giro d'Italia, Participants
Atala-Dunlop was the favorite going into the race as the team was composed of 1909 winner Luigi Ganna, two-time winner Carlo Galetti, Giovanni Micheletto, and Eberardo Pavesi. The team was collectively known as "The Four Musketeers." The Gerbi team contained last year's third-place finisher Giovanni Gerbi, last year's runner-up and stage winner Giovanni Rossignoli, and former stage winner Pierino Albini. Legnano, Bianchi and Peugeot were also seen as contenders for the overall victory. The race also featured future Giro d'Italia winner Carlo Oriani who competed for the Stucchi team.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
The race was planned to begin at 2:30 AM local time by the organizers, but due to large crowds and some participants arriving late, the race officially started at 2:43. The riders formed three groups on the road, of which the first one contained twenty riders when it passed through the checkpoint in Brescia. The group further thinned to sixteen by the time it reached Verona, and to eleven when it arrived at the checkpoint in Vicenza. From the group, the sprint to the finish line was mainly contested by Giovanni Micheletto and Giuseppe Santhià, of which the former managed to win the leg. With Atala-Dunlop's Micheletto winning the stage and his teammate Carlo Galetti finishing third, Atala-Dunlop acquired seven points and the lead in the race.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
The second stage of the race saw a large group of around forty riders enter Mantua after over one hundred kilometers of racing. After the group broke into five or six smaller groups due to a large crash and in part due issues brought about by heavy fog. A group of seven was first to reach the stage's finish in Bologna, where Bianchi's Vincenzo Borgarello won the sprint to the line. Stage 3 began under heavy cloud coverage. The leading group on the road was reduced as the stage traversed the hillier portions of the stage. Ernesto Azzini of the Legnano team won the stage after edging out Eberardo Pavesi.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
The race's fourth stage saw very rainy conditions throughout, which caused the roads to turn muddy and streams nearby the roads to overflow. The thirty riders that began the stage took the wrong turn onto Sabina rode for over 50 km (31 mi), once they had reached Civita Castellana, before realizing their errors. This, when combined with the weather and road conditions, caused the riders to protest to the race jury and get the stage cancelled. The riders then road a train to Rome for the start of the next stage.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
At the finish in Rome there were over 20,000 paying spectators waiting to see the finish of the stage. When news broke of the stage's cancelling, the spectators grew angry and the organizers refunded their tickets they had purchased to view the race. The route of the added ninth stage came from the route of the Giro di Lombardia, despite the initial protest of the Italian Velocopie Union. The prize money for the stage was split among the fourteen riders that noticed the mistake.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
Atala-Dunlop's Luigi Ganna abandoned the race during the fifth stage due to injuries suffered from a crash during the fourth stage before it was cancelled. Galetti won the fifth leg, but with the placings on the stage, Peugeot took the race lead from Atala-Dunlop. Rain marred the start of the sixth stage at 6:40 local time, as well as most of the stage itself. A group of sixteen riders formed at the front of the race and was later reduced to ten before passing through Lucca. Lauro Bordin of the Gerbi team attacked and went on to ride solo, reaching the checkpoint in Spezia fifteen minutes quicker than Azzini, Cocchi, and Agostoni. Bordin reached the finish first, eighteen minutes ahead of the second-place finisher.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Race overview
Borgarello won his second stage with his victory in the seventh stage, out-sprinting Micheletto and Carlo Durando. In the final sprint, Micheletto felt that Durando encroached him and moved ahead; this action caused the Italian fans to rush on to the track in anger. The police then moved the two riders to a bar, until the crowd dispersed. Micheletto won his second stage of the race two days later. Before the start of the final stage, Micheletto became sick and Pavesi convinced him to continue the race and finish the final stage. Borgarello won his third stage of the race, while Atala-Dunlop consolidated their lead and the race win by having two riders, Micheletto and Galetti, finish in the top four.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Final standings, General classification
There were five teams who had completed all nine stages with the required number of riders. For these teams, the points they received from each of their stage placing's were added up for the general classification. The team with the most accumulated points was the winner.


1912 Giro d'Italia, Aftermath
The race organizers, La Gazzetta dello Sport recognized the team point system was not a success and reverted to the individual point based system for the general classification for the 1913 edition. Despite the failure of the team system, the newspaper still achieved success with the race, causing them to shift to a daily newspaper rather than three times a week. If the race had been contested based upon the time it took to complete each stage and their respective sum for each rider, the race would have been won by Carlo Galetti.


1912 Giro di Lombardia
The 1912 Giro di Lombardia was the eighth edition of the Giro di Lombardia cycle race and was held on 27 October 1912. The race started in Milan and finished in Sesto San Giovanni. The race was won by Carlo Oriani.


1912 Glasgow St Rollox by-election
The Glasgow St Rollox by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Glasgow St Rollox by-election, Campaign
The British Socialist Party who were unable to organise themselves a candidate to contest the election, decided nevertheless to campaign in the constituency. They issued a leaflet and toured the various works, lecturing the voters. They were critical of the electoral alliance between the Liberal and Labour parties and called on the electors to vote for the Unionist Party candidate.


1912 Glasgow St Rollox by-election, Aftermath
A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.


1912 Goodall Cup Finals
The 1912 Goodall Cup Final marks the fourth inter-state ice hockey championship in Australia and the second of these championships won by New South Wales, the first being won in their home arena.


1912 Goodall Cup Finals, The series
Practices for the New South Wales state team was announced on 12 August 1912, inviting the following players:


1912 Goodall Cup Finals, The series
23 August 1912 by the end of the first half, New South Wales was ahead 4-1. Jim Kendall scored again and increased the lead to 5-1 but the Victorian team scored one back to make the final score 5-2 and the first game of the series was won by New South Wales.


1912 Goodall Cup Finals, The series
27 August 1912 the second game of the series was won by New South Wales, defeating Victoria by a score of 3-1.


1912 Goodall Cup Finals, The series
29 August 1912 New South Wales was dominating the first half of the game and by the end of the 1st half they were up by a score of 3-0. Victoria would score in the second half of the game but New South Wales returned by scoring 3 more to defeat Victoria for the third straight game by a score of 6-1. Jimmy Kendall, who received a nasty cut to his head early in the game, scored all six goals for New South Wales while Henry "Hal" Newman Reid Jr. scored the lone goal for Victoria.


1912 Goodall Cup Finals, Teams, New South Wales
The New South Wales team was made from the following players


1912 Goodall Cup Finals, Player statistics, Leading goaltenders
The following goaltenders led the interstate championship for goals against average.


1912 Grand National
The 1912 Grand National was the 74th renewal of the world-famous Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England, on 27 March 1912.


1912 Grand National
Owner Sir Charles Assheton-Smith would provide the winner again in 1913. He also owned the 1893 winner,when he was known simply as Charles Duff.


1912 Grand Prix season
The 1912 Grand Prix season saw Grand Prix motor racing in Europe and the United States. The growing economic confidence and interest from car manufacturers saw bigger fields and more races in the season. The French Grand Prix was held for the first time since 1908 and staged at Dieppe. The American Grand Prize was held in Milwaukee, moving from its previous home in Savannah.


1912 Grand Prix season
Peugeot was the team to beat this year, with their new twin-cam 7.6-litre L-76. In the French Grand Prix, after American David Bruce-Brown’s FIAT had retired after leading for most of the two-day race, victory went to the Peugeot of Georges Boillot. Team-mate Jules Goux repeated the success at the Coupe de la Sarthe held at Le Mans. The Peugeot voiturettes had also won at Le Mans and Ostende. However, it was a British Sunbeam that was first voiturette home at Dieppe.


1912 Grand Prix season
In the three big races in the United States Joe Dawson won the second running of the Indianapolis 500. Ralph DePalma beat a small field in the Vanderbilt Cup. In the American Grand Prize held over the same weekend, rising star David Bruce-Brown was killed in practice while Caleb Bragg won the race in a FIAT S74. This year no European drivers travelled across the Atlantic for the events. With four victories over the season, Ralph DePalma driving a Mercedes, was acclaimed as the AAA national champion for the year.


1912 Grand Prix season, Technical
Basic attempts at aerodynamics appeared this season, as cars started to shape their tail sections to cover the fueltanks and spare tyres.


1912 Grand Prix season, Technical
At Peugeot, the three driver-engineers Georges Boillot, Jules Goux and Paolo Zuccarelli (dubbed “The Charlatans”) had worked with Ernest Henry and produced their first design. Fellow Peugeot-engineer Ettore Bugatti had also produced a design and the two had a run-off. The drivers’ car was comfortably faster, reaching 160 km/h (99 mph), built with a four-cylinder 7.6L engine. The innovative twin-overhead camshaft, with four valves per cylinder, developed 148 bhp revving at 2200rpm.


1912 Grand Prix season, Technical
This was equivalent to nearly 20 bhp per litre and 50% higher than the performance of its main rival, the Fiat S74, that only gave 13 bhp per litre at a leisurely 1600rpm over its 14.1 litre engine. Although some of the ideas were not new, it was Peugeot that combined them and pioneered the use of hemispherical combustion chambers. There is some evidence that Zuccarelli got the ideas from his former work at Hispano-Suiza and that legal action was taken for breach of patent. The Peugeot engine became the template for race-engines for many years.


1912 Grand Prix season, Technical
In the United States, the first cars built specifically for racing appeared from Mercer, Stutz and the Mason of the Duesenberg brothers, to take on the stock chassis.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
The season started in Italy with the Targa Florio. After damage to the Madonie circuit in the previous year, the race instead became a tour on the coastal roads around Sicily, as the Giro di Sicilia. A good field of 16 cars arrived in Palermo for the clockwise course around the island. This allayed organiser Vincenzo Florio’s fears that his race was fading to obscurity. Englishman Cyril Snipe, racing for the SCAT team, built up a considerable lead.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
Learning in Trapani, the second to last checkpoint, that he had an eighty-minute lead he told his co-driver Pedrini that “twenty minutes will be enough” and stopped to have a meal and a sleep at a hotel for an hour. Pedrini managed to rouse his team mate in time and they reached Palermo again to win with a half-hour margin over the Lancia of Giordano, after a 24-hour journey.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
The organisers of the Indianapolis 500 doubled the prizemoney on offer from $27550 in 1911 up to $52225 including $20000 for the winner. The race was run to the same specifications, however after Harroun’s effort the previous year, riding mechanics were now mandatory. Although the Mason did not qualify, both the Mercer and Stutz did. David Bruce-Brown in a FIAT had the fastest lap in practice, while Gil Andersen drew pole position.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
A number of American factory entries were present as well as three privateer entries in European cars: Spencer Wishart and Italian-American Ralph DePalma in Mercedes and Teddy Tetzlaff in a FIAT. Tetzlaff took the lead initially, until DePalma passed him on the third lap. He continued to lead right up until the engine failed with only two laps to go. With over a three-lap lead, DePalma and his mechanic got out and pushed the car down the front straight to the cheers of the 80000 spectators, but to no avail.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
Joe Dawson overtook him to take the victory in a National. Race rules stipulated that drivers had to complete all 200 laps to be classified and receive prizemoney. Tetzlaff, helped by Caleb Bragg, came home second ten minutes later, with Hughes (Mercer) and Merz (Stutz) in third and fourth respectively. Ralph Mulford, second the previous year, finished last over 2½ hours after Dawson. Reputedly even stopping to change his shock absorbers and have a chicken dinner, he crossed the line in front of empty grandstands. Even the organisers had left. He completed the slowest ever 500 miles in the race. Two other records were set where DePalma had led the longest distance without winning (196 laps) and Dawson led the least to win (2 laps) until 2011.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
The French Automobile Club (ACF) revived its Grand Prix this year. Once again it was staged over two long days – over 1500km – at Dieppe, where the last Grand Prix had been held in 1908. To encourage entrants, the organisers used Formula Libre (open) regulations with the only restriction being that cars must be no wider than 1.75 metres. They also decided to run the Coupe des Voiturettes (3-litres or less) concurrently with the larger cars. Fourteen Grand Prix cars and 33 voiturettes were entered. The “Charlatans” arrived with their three new Peugeot L-76s.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
The strongest challengers were the three FIAT S74s for Louis Wagner and Americans Ralph DePalma and David Bruce-Brown. There were also teams from Rolland-Pilain, Lorraine-Dietrich and a six-cylinder Belgian Excelsior. An entry from Mercedes was rejected by the organisers on the pretext that the entry was filed by the manufacturer’s Belgian agency and not the company itself.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
With Peugeot devoting its energy to its Grand Prix cars, they only had a single voiturette entry for René Thomas. Ranged against him were a number of teams from France (including Sizaire-Naudin, Grégoire and Th. Schneider) and Great Britain (Sunbeam, Vauxhall and others).


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
Boillot had put in the fastest lap time in practice. The race started at 5.30am with Victor Rigal’s Sunbeam leading out the voiturettes and Victor Hémery’s Lorraine the first of the Grand Prix cars. Bruce-Brown set the pace, running ahead of Boillot then Wagner. But although the FIATs were faster the Peugeots had much more efficient pit-stops with their knock-off wheel-hubs to change tyres and a pressure-system to refuel. Zuccarelli went out with ignition problems and both Goux and DePalma were disqualified for refuelling away from the pits when they ran out of petrol. After 10 laps and 6½ hours racing at the end of the first day, Bruce-Brown had a two-minute lead over Boillot with Wagner in third. A surprising fourth was Dario Resta in the small Sunbeam.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
There was bad weather on the second day. Overnight one of the Lorraine-Dietrichs had caught fire and the Grégoire team had been withdrawn. Bruce-Brown continued his lead through the morning but on the 15th lap he stopped out on the track with a broken fuel tank after hitting an errant dog. This left Boillot with a comfortable lead over Wagner, but on the penultimate lap the Peugeot’s universal joint seized up. He and his mechanic spent twenty minutes to get going again, albeit with only second and fourth gears. In the end they won by thirteen minutes from Wagner. Rigal was an impressive third in the Sunbeam to win the Coupe des Voiturettes. He was just forty minutes behind Boillot, with team-mates Resta and Médinger in fourth and fifth.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
Once again the AC de la Sarthe et de l’Ouest(forerunner of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest) organised its own event – the Grand Prix of France, also known as the Coupe de le Sarthe, and not to be confused with the Grand Prix run by the ACF. It used the same course as the previous year, but this time ran in a clockwise direction. Both Grand Prix and voiturette cars were entered. However the only large race-cars to arrive were the works Peugeots of Boillot and Goux, and a SPA. Many of the French voiturette teams at Dieppe were entered and this time both Thomas and Zuccarelli with the Lion-Peugeot L3.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
When Boillot retired after five laps with a water leak, it left Goux with an easy victory. Forty minutes back in second was Zuccarelli then René Champoiseau in a Th. Schneider.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
The premier American races, the Vanderbilt Cup and American Grand Prize had been held previously at Savannah, Georgia. However, controversy over the organisers using convict labour to prepare the track and local militia to police the event meant they declined to host the events this year. The new venue chosen was at Milwaukee. However, dubious land-sales of the grandstand/pit area by speculators to get rich off the event meant it was again moved to nearby Wauwatosa.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
Eight cars entered the Vanderbilt Cup, and only two were modified ‘stock’ cars. Gil Anderson’s Stutz and Hugh Hughes’ Mercer challenged the three Mercedes (lead by Ralph DePalma) and the FIAT of Teddy Tetzlaff. DePalma gave Mercedes its first win in the event after seven attempts. Second was Hughes and third was Spencer Wishart in another Mercedes.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
Tragedy marred the Grand Prize though, held three days later. David Bruce-Brown, America’s most promising young driver of the time, and his mechanic Tony Scudelari were both killed at the end of practice for the race. A tyre blew on their FIAT S74 at speed and the big car rolled and crushed the crew. Of the thirteen remaining cars all were driven by Americans although half the field were European cars. The drivers in the Vanderbilt returned and were joined by Caleb Bragg in a FIAT and three Benzes for Bob Burman, Erwin Bergdoll and Joe Horan.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
From the start it was Tetzlaff, Bragg and DePalma racing at the front. By halfway, Telzlaff had a 12-minute lead but his hard driving broke the FIAT’s suspension. This left the other two contesting the win, but as DePalma tried an overtake the two cars touched and the Mercedes rolled into a field. DePalma broke his leg, while his mechanic was only lightly injured. Bragg went on to win for FIAT, with Bergdoll’s Benz second and Anderson was third. This result for his Stutz was the best result to that time for an American race-car.


1912 Grand Prix season, Season review
Although successful, these road-races were expensive to hold. With more purpose-built racing ovals being built, there were no offers to host them the next year marking a gradual decline in American racing just as Europe was coming out of its racing doldrums. With four wins, Ralph DePalma in his Mercedes was announced as the AAA national champion for the year. But it was the rise of innovative engineers like the Duesenberg brothers, Harry Miller and those at Mercer that marked the future for American motorsport. The new Peugeot had returned France to the forefront of motor-racing, while the performance of Sunbeam had highlighted British engineering.


1912 Greek legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 24 March [O.S. 11 March] 1912. The Liberal Party won 146 of the 181 seats. Eleftherios Venizelos remained Prime Minister, having assumed office on 18 October 1910.


1912 Hackney South by-election
The Hackney South by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Hackney South by-election, Vacancy
In May 1912, Horatio Bottomley, the controversial Liberal MP for Hackney South, was forced resign his seat when he was declared bankrupt. Bottomley had been unpopular with a large portion of the party's activists in Hackney, who had run their own candidate against him in December 1910.


1912 Hackney South by-election, Candidates
The two Liberal factions came together to nominate Hector Morison for the vacancy. Morison was a 62-year-old Scottish member of the London Stock Exchange. He was also a former Member of Parliament, he had sat for Eastbourne from January to December 1910, when he was defeated.


1912 Hackney South by-election, Candidates
The Unionists selected John Constant Gibson, a 51-year-old Scottish businessman.


1912 Hackney South by-election, Aftermath
Morison served only one term as a member of the Commons. He chose to retire at the next general election in 1918. Horatio Bottomley, whose bankruptcy had been annulled, regained the Hackney South seat as an independent though he would later be expelled again, leading to the 1922 Hackney South by-election.


1912 Hanley by-election
The Hanley by-election, 1912 was a by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Hanley on 13 July 1912.


1912 Hanley by-election, Vacancy
The seat had become vacant on 28 June 1912 when the sitting Labour Member of Parliament (MP), 60-year-old Enoch Edwards died. Edwards had represented the constituency since gaining it from the Unionists at the 1906 general election as a Liberal candidate. In 1909, Edwards crossed from Liberal to Labour in accordance with the wishes of his trade union. Even though he contested both the 1910 general elections as a Labour candidate, he was still supported by the Liberal Party.


1912 Hanley by-election, Candidates
The Conservative candidate was George Rittner, who was standing here for the third time. The Labour candidate was Samuel Finney. Unlike Enoch Edwards, Finney had no sympathies with the Liberal party, so the local Liberal Association considered fielding a candidate. A neighbouring Liberal MP, Josiah Wedgwood encouraged his friend, R. L. Outhwaite to stand as a Liberal Party candidate. Liberal Chancellor of the Exchequer, David Lloyd George was looking towards a Liberal Land Campaign to gain support for a reform of land taxation to introduce a 'Single Tax'. Like Josiah Wedgwood, Outhwaite was a strong supporter of the 'Single Tax'. The local Liberal Association therefore adopted Outhwaite as candidate to campaign on a 'Single Tax' platform.


1912 Hanley by-election, The Campaign
The Liberal campaign received a boost when John Redmond, the Leader of the nationalist Irish Parliamentary Party, sent a letter of support to Outhwaite due to his support for the Liberal Government's Irish Home Rule Bill.


1912 Hanley by-election, Result
The result was a boost for Lloyd George's land reform campaign and shortly afterwards, H. H. Asquith agreed to commit the Liberal government to a reform of land taxation. It also demonstrated that the Liberal party could be successful against the Labour party by pursuing a radical agenda.


1912 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1912 Harvard Crimson football team represented Harvard University in the 1912 college football season. The team finished with a 9–0 record and was retroactively named as the national champion by the Billingsley Report, Helms Athletic Foundation, Houlgate System, and Parke H. Davis, and as a co-national champion by the National Championship Foundation. They outscored their opponents 176 to 22.


1912 Haskell Indians football team
The 1912 Haskell Indians football team was an American football team that represented the Haskell Indian Institute  (now known as Haskell Indian Nations University) as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In its second season under head coach A. R. Kennedy, Haskell compiled a 7–4 record and outscored opponents by a total of 209 to 94. The team lost close games to Kansas State, Texas, and undefeated Christian Brothers.


1912 Haskell Indians football team
Leo Roque was the team's best all-around player and won a place on the All-Kansas football team for 1912. Bill Mzhicteno was named to the All-Kansas second team. The team captain Williams and John Artichoker were named to the third team.


1912 Hereford by-election
The Hereford by-election of 1912 was held on 8 March 1912. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, John Arkwright. It was won by the Liberal Unionist candidate William Hewins, who was unopposed.


1912 Holmfirth by-election
The Holmfirth by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Holmfirth by-election, Vacancy and electoral history
The local Liberal MP Henry Wilson resigned from parliament at the age of 79. He had been MP here since the seat was created in 1885. At the last General Election, he was returned unopposed. The last contested election was the previous election;


1912 Holmfirth by-election, Candidates
The Liberal candidate selected was 34-year-old Sydney Arnold. He had contested neighbouring Holderness for the Liberals at the last election. He had been educated at Manchester Grammar School and had been a Member of Manchester Stock Exchange since 1904. The Unionists re-selected 38-year-old Geoffrey Ellis from Shipley, West Yorkshire. Ellis was educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge. Since 1910 he worked for Beckett & Co., Bankers, of Leeds. Although he did not contest the December 1910 general election, he contested the previous General Election in January 1910. The Labour Party selected 40-year-old William Lunn. He was educated at Rothwell Board School. He was a check-weighman who had started work in the pit at 12 years of age.


1912 Holmfirth by-election, Campaign
Polling Day was set for 20 June 1912, just 15 days after the resignation of the previous MP. The constituency contained a mixture of mining, agriculture and textile industries. Arnold was a committed supporter of a Land value tax which he featured in his campaign. David Lloyd George the Liberal Chancellor of the Exchequer sent Arnold a public message in which he said Britain needed to "recast our present absurd land system." Lunn was importantly backed by the Yorkshire Miners' Association which not only assured him of organised support but went some way to ensuring that much of the third of the electorate involved in mining, would support him at the ballot box.


1912 Holmfirth by-election, Result
The percentage change in vote share is calculated from the last contested election in January 1910.


1912 Holmfirth by-election, Aftermath
A general election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.


1912 Holmfirth by-election, Aftermath
Arnold was elected for the re-drawn seat of Penistone in 1918. Ellis was elected for the seat of Wakefield in 1922. Lunn went on to be elected for Rothwell in 1918.


1912 Holy Cross football team
The 1912 Holy Cross football team was an American football team that represented the College of the Holy Cross in the 1912 college football season.


1912 Holy Cross football team
In its sixth and final year under head coach Timothy F. Larkin, the team compiled a 4–3–1 record. Fred Ostergren was the team captain.


1912 Holy Cross football team
Holy Cross was scheduled to visit Army on November 2, but the game was canceled due to the funeral of United States Vice President James S. Sherman.


1912 Holy Cross football team
Holy Cross played its home games at Fitton Field on the college campus in Worcester, Massachusetts. A new concrete grandstand was dedicated at the first home game, on October 12.


1912 Hong Kong sanitary board election
The 1912 Sanitary Board Election was held on 19 January 1912 for the 2 unofficial seats in the Sanitary Board of Hong Kong.


1912 Hong Kong sanitary board election
Only ratepayers who were included in the Special and Common Jury Lists of the years or ratepayers who are exempted from serving on Juries on account of their professional avocations, unofficial members of the Executive or Legislative Council, or categories of profession were entitled to vote at the election.


1912 Hythe by-election
The Hythe by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Hythe by-election, Electoral history
Sassoon was returned unopposed at the previous election. The previous election to that was contested and the result was as follows;


1912 Hythe by-election, Result
Sassoon held his seat, however compared with the January 1910 election result, his Unionist majority dropped slightly;


1912 Hythe by-election, Aftermath
A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election;


1912 Hythe by-election, Aftermath
Due to the outbreak of war, the election didn't take place until 1918;


1912 Ice Hockey European Championship
The 1912 Ice Hockey European Championship was the third edition of the ice hockey tournament for European countries associated to the International Ice Hockey Federation.


1912 Ice Hockey European Championship
The tournament was held from February 2–4, 1912, in Prague, Bohemia. With Bohemia and Germany finishing equal on points, Bohemia was declared champion based on goals scored (not taking into account goals against). Following a protest by Germany, the tournament was annulled on March 22, 1912, as Austria did not become a member of the IIHF until after the tournament.


1912 Idaho football team
The 1912 Idaho football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1912 college football season. Idaho was led by eighth-year head coach John "Pink" Griffith and played as an independent; they joined the Pacific Coast Conference ten years later in 1922.


1912 Idaho football team
In the season opener in neighboring Pullman, Idaho posted the first of two straight wins over Washington State in the Battle of the Palouse, 13–0. Rival Montana was not played this season.


1912 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 1912 Idaho gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Republican nominee John M. Haines defeated Democratic incumbent James H. Hawley with 33.24% of the vote.


1912 Ilkeston by-election
The Ilkeston by-election was a Parliamentary by-election in Derbyshire. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Ilkeston by-election, Vacancy
Jack Seely had been Liberal MP for the seat of Ilkeston since the 1910 Ilkeston by-election. In 1912, he was promoted to the Cabinet and appointed Secretary of State for War and required to seek re-election.


1912 Ilkeston by-election, Result
Despite the mid-term unpopularity of the Liberal Government, Seely was re-elected, albeit with a much reduced majority.


1912 Ilkeston by-election, Aftermath
A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election.


1912 Ilkeston by-election, Aftermath
Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place. When an election did finally take place after the war, Seely was again re-elected.


1912 Ilkeston by-election, Aftermath
Seely was endorsed by the Coalition Government. The local Unionists felt obliged to support Seely, however at the following general election in 1922 Freeman was once more their candidate but he finished third.


1912 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1912 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1912 college football season. In their seventh season under head coach Arthur R. Hall, the Illini compiled a 3–3–1 record and finished in sixth place in the Western Conference. Fullback/halfback William H. Woolston was the team captain.


1912 Illinois gubernatorial election
The 1912 Illinois gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Incumbent Republican governor Charles S. Deneen was defeated by Democratic nominee Edward Fitzsimmons Dunne.


1912 Illinois lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1912 Illinois lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Incumbent Republican lieutenant governor John G. Oglesby was defeated by Democratic nominee Barratt O'Hara.


1912 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1912 Indiana Hoosiers football team was an American football team that represented Indiana University Bloomington during the 1912 college football season. In their eighth season under head coach James M. Sheldon, the Hoosiers compiled a 2–5 record, finished in last place in the Western Conference, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 100 to 80.


1912 Indiana gubernatorial election
The 1912 Indiana gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Democratic nominee Samuel M. Ralston defeated Progressive nominee Albert J. Beveridge with 42.95% of the vote.


1912 Indianapolis 500
The 1912 Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, or    International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race, the second such race in history, was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Thursday, May 30, 1912.


1912 Indianapolis 500
No race is won until the tape is crossed and I realized that all the time. It's hard luck, but it's all in the game. I did my best, and since I've lost out, I'm for the man who picked the prize.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
In the aftermath of victory by Ray Harroun in the single-seat Marmon "Wasp" in the first 500-Mile Race the year before, new rules made the presence of riding mechanics mandatory; maximum engine size remained 600 cubic inches (9.83 liters) displacement. At $50,000, the race purse was nearly double that of 1911.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
Out of 29 original entries, 24 qualified for the race by sustaining a speed faster than a minimum of 75 mph (120.7 km/h) for a full lap, an increase from the quarter-mile qualifying distance of the inaugural year. David L. Bruce-Brown was fastest at 88.45 mph (142.35 km/h), but starting positions were again determined by entry date. Lining up five cars to the first four rows and four to a fifth, a change from the previous year's starting method was movement of the pace car, a Stutz, from the inside of the first row to out in front of the field.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
Upon wave of the then-red starting flag, Teddy Tetzlaff took the lead in a Fiat from the third starting position in the center of the first row, and lead for the first two laps before being overtaken by the grey # 4 Mercedes of Italian-born Ralph DePalma.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
DePalma's domination of most of the event was total, as he built an eventual five-and-a-half lap, eleven-minute advantage over second, and lead uncontested for the next 194 laps. But at the beginning of lap 197, as his Mercedes began misfiring, and slowed on the main stretch at the conclusion of the lap. Nursed through the 198th lap by DePalma at reduced speed, the car finally lost all power at the end of the backstretch on lap 199, as a broken connecting rod tore a hole in the crankcase.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
With the car's momentum carrying it around to the fourth turn, DePalma and riding mechanic Rupert Jeffkins then entered themselves into motor racing lore, as well as inspired the cheers of the more than 80,000 in attendance, as they climbed from the vehicle and begin pushing it down the five-eighths of a mile main stretch toward the start-finish line.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
Indianapolis driver Joe Dawson and riding mechanic Harry Martin, running in the second position for most of the race in their blue and white National Motor Vehicle Company entry, finally passed DePalma midway down the main stretch to assume the lead for the concluding two laps, a record that would be held for the fewest led laps in history until 2011, following DePalma's 196 laps in the lead being the most ever in a race by a non-winner.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
Finishing more than ten minutes ahead of newly-second place Tetzlaff, Dawson completed another two laps for good measure upon fear of a scoring miscue. Sometime thereafter, DePalma and Jeffkins finally brought their car across the line, but in twofold futile endeavour: Speedway rules, requiring that all entries move under their own power, marked DePalma's final number of circuits at 198, and the push across the line, even if it counted, brought them only to the beginning of the final lap.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
Dawson's run in the American-manufactured, four-cylinder National, with a winning time of 6:21:06 and averaging 78.719 mph (126.686 km/h), ws twenty-one minutes two seconds faster than the previous 1911 record; The National team garnered $20,000 and additional contingency awards.


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
Throughout the remainder of the field, only the top ten finishers earned prize money, rules stipulating all entries complete the 500 miles (800 km) to collect. Ralph Mulford, being forced to stop numerous times due to clutch problems in his Knox, found irritation with the requirement and proceeded to drive on, long after all others were presented the chequered flag...and even after Speedway president Carl Fisher and starter Fred Wagner left the grounds (the latter after getting into an argument over whether to flag Mulford off before he had completed the distance, Wagner in favor and Fisher against).


1912 Indianapolis 500, Summary
Through numerous accounts of the run, including his reportedly changing shock absorbers for a gentler ride, as well as stopping for a dinner-on-the-go of fried chicken and ice-cream with his riding mechanic, Mulford's finish finally arrived, amid deserted grandstands and a setting sun over the main straightaway, 8 hours and 53 minutes after the start (approximately 6:53 p.m. local time), and with an average speed of 56.285 mph (90.582 km/h), which remains a record: the slowest finishing speed to date in 500 history.


1912 International Cross Country Championships
The 1912 International Cross Country Championships was held in Edinburgh, Scotland, at the Saughton Public Park on 30 March 1912. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.


1912 International Cross Country Championships
Complete results, medallists,  and the results of British athletes were published.


1912 International Cross Country Championships, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 44 athletes from 5 countries.


1912 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1912 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 11th edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. After a six-year hiatus, France rejoined the competition; however, the United States pulled out of the competition. In the final, the British Isles regained the Cup from Australasia. The final was played at the Albert Ground in Melbourne, Australia on 28–30 November.


1912 Invercargill mayoral election
The 1912 Invercargill mayoral election was held on 25 April 1912 as part of that years local elections.


1912 Invercargill mayoral election
Two-time former mayor William Benjamin Scandrett was elected once again. His opponent, Andrew Bain, would first become mayor in 1923.


1912 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1912 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1912 college football season.


1912 Iowa Senate election
The 1912 Iowa Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 1912 United States elections. Iowa voters elected state senators in 29 of the senate's 50 districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Iowa Senate.


1912 Iowa Senate election
A statewide map of the 50 state Senate districts in the 1912 elections is provided by the Iowa General Assembly


1912 Iowa Senate election
The primary election on June 3, 1912, determined which candidates appeared on the November 5, 1912 general election ballot.


1912 Iowa Senate election
Following the previous election, Republicans had control of the Iowa Senate with 34 seats to Democrats' 16 seats.


1912 Iowa Senate election
To claim control of the chamber from Republicans, the Democrats needed to net 10 Senate seats.


1912 Iowa Senate election
Republicans maintained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1912 general election with the balance of power shifting to Republicans holding 32 seats and Democrats having 18 seats (a net gain of 2 seats for Democrats).


1912 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1912 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University during the 1912 college football season. Iowa State would win their second Conference co-championship in two years by again tying with Nebraska at the top of the standings.


1912 Iowa gubernatorial election
The 1912 Iowa gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Republican nominee George W. Clarke defeated Democratic nominee Edward G. Dunn with 39.93% of the vote.


1912 Isle of Man TT
The 1912 Isle of Man TT races were again held   over the Isle of Man TT Mountain Course. Several manufacturers complained that the new mountain course was too arduous and threatened to boycott the 1912 races.


1912 Isle of Man TT
With an Indian clean sweep the previous year the British manufacturers' pride was dented but even with a smaller entry the Junior race held on Friday, 28 June, in the rain that challenged the belt-driven machines giving the advantage to the chain-driven ones. Two privately entered Douglas motor-cycles  of Harry Bashall and Ed Kickham took the first two places in the Junior TT race of 1912.


1912 Isle of Man TT
The Senior TT was held on Monday 1 July 1912. Frank A. Applebee on the two-stroke twin-cylinder Scott carried off the trophy after a hard race. This was the first ever two-stroke Isle of Man TT win. Jack Haswell on single-cylinder Triumph was beaten by 6 minutes 54 seconds. Had not Frank Philipp's tyre come off the rim at Ballaugh on the last lap, Scotts would have finished first and second. Philipp's oval rim dropped him to eleventh place. Hoffman and Adamson placed two more Triumphs among the top six.


1912 Isle of Man TT, Junior TT final standings
Friday 28 June 1912 –  4 laps (150 miles) Isle of Man TT Mountain Course


1912 Isle of Man TT, Senior TT 500cc Race final standings
Monday 1 July 1912 –  5 laps (187.50 miles) Isle of Man TT Mountain Course


1912 Italian Athletics Championships
The 1912 Italian Athletics Championships  were held in Verona. it was the 7th edition of the Italian Athletics Championships.


1912 Jamaica hurricane
The 1912 Jamaica hurricane was a slow-moving tropical cyclone that meandered about the island of Jamaica, causing torrential rainfall and severe flooding in November 1912. The strongest hurricane in the Atlantic that year, the cyclone formed from a low pressure area in the southwestern Caribbean Sea early on November 11. Initially, the storm tracked slowly to northwest, before eventually curving north-northeastward. Late on November 13, the cyclone became a hurricane. After reaching hurricane status, further deepening was slow, though after recurving toward northeastward, the storm began to quicken its rate of intensification.


1912 Jamaica hurricane
Early on November 17, the system peaked as a 115 mph (185 km/h) Category 3 hurricane on the modern day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. It continued north-northeastward and made landfall near Negril, Jamaica, on November 18. The storm weakened continually after landfall and reentry into the Caribbean Sea. On November 20, the hurricane weakened to a tropical storm north of Jamaica. The system tracked westward across the Caribbean, before dissipating on November 22 to the southwest of Grand Cayman.


1912 Jamaica hurricane
Heavy rainfall was reported in Jamaica, with as much as 36 inches (910 mm) of precipitation recorded in some areas. Several bridges were severely damaged in the northern and eastern portions of the island. Strong winds generated by the storm destroyed approximately 25% of banana trees, while telegraph lines were downed in a number of places. Railway lines were also heavily damaged by the winds and rain. Rough seas also lashed the island, with Savanna-la-Mar suffering near complete destruction and 42 deaths in that city alone. Across western Jamaica, roughly a hundred homes were destroyed, while 5,000 buildings were damaged or demolished. About 100 fatalities and $1.5 million (1912 USD) in damage occurred in Jamaica. Extensive flooding and five fatalities occurred in Cuba in the Guantánamo Bay area.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Meteorological history
The origins of the 1912 Jamaica hurricane can be definitively traced to a low-pressure area first identified on November 10 in the central Caribbean Sea, south of Hispaniola. Although a tropical wave that crossed the Lesser Antilles several days prior was believed to be a possible precursor to the hurricane, this could not be fully concluded due to the lack of observations in the eastern Caribbean Sea.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Meteorological history
Early on November 11, the development of a closed atmospheric circulation led to the classification of a tropical storm about 110 mi (180 km) north of Cacique, Colón, in Panama at 06:00 UTC that day. Decreasing barometric pressures in the region confirmed the presence of a cohesive and developing system. The tropical cyclone remained weak as it moved slowly northward, but gradually intensified into a Category 1 hurricane on the modern day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale east of Nicaragua at 18:00 UTC on November 13. A ship at or near the storm's center during that time documented a pressure of 992 mbar (hPa; 29.30 inHg).


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Meteorological history
Slow intensification took place after classification as a hurricane, though after recurving northeastward, the storm began to quicken in strengthening. On November 18, the cyclone reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 115 mph (185 km/h), making it equivalent to a Category 3 hurricane. Initially, it was believed that the storm became a Category 4 hurricane, but this was determined to be too strong of an intensity. A relatively small tropical cyclone, the hurricane made landfall along the western coast of Jamaica late on November 18.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Meteorological history
At the time of landfall, a pressure of 965 mbar (hPa; 28.50 inHg) at South Negril Point — the lowest barometric pressure documented anywhere during the storm's existence. Despite only briefly moving inland, the hurricane quickly weakened after landfall and continued to do so upon reentry into the Caribbean Sea. On November 20, the hurricane weakened to a tropical storm south of Cuba.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Meteorological history
Due to ambiguous surface observations in the area at the time, the storm was originally believed to have progressed northwards through the Atlantic before clipping Newfoundland; another scenario indicating that the storm made landfall in New York also seemed possible. However, reanalysis concluded that the system instead tracked westward across the Caribbean, slowly weakening before dissipating on November 22 north of Honduras.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Impact and aftermath
While the hurricane was developing in the southern Caribbean Sea, its outer rainbands caused extremely heavy rainfall in the Jamaican parishes of Saint Thomas, Portland, Saint Andrew, and Saint Mary. During the period extending from November 10–12, as much as 36 in (910 mm) of precipitation was recorded, causing extensive flooding and damaging roads. In eastern and northern areas of Jamaica, bridges were heavily damaged. Strong winds associated with these rainbands blew down a multitude of banana trees, with overall losses estimated at around 25%.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Impact and aftermath
The United Fruit Company sustained heavy losses due to the damage to banana trees, including several banana plantations reporting losses as high as 60% individually. These losses exacerbated bananas losses sustained during the passage of another hurricane in August 1912. Conditions on the island worsened as the hurricane neared the coast, with railway lines heavily damaged by the winds and rain. Telegraph lines were downed, cutting communications.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Impact and aftermath
The combination of rough seas and winds uprooted long stretches of trees and wrecked numerous ships. The entire town of Savanna-la-Mar was nearly destroyed by the hurricane's effects, which included damage to several local churches. The storm also virtually destroyed the communities of Green Island, Lucea, and Negril, where a church remained the only standing structure. In Montego Bay, at least 300 people were left homeless, many of whom temporarily lived in the courthouse after losing their homes. A total of 42 people were killed in the city.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Impact and aftermath
Several other wharves along the coast were swept away due to the waves and wind. Across western Jamaica, roughly a hundred homes were destroyed, while 5,000 buildings were damaged or demolished. Due to the destruction caused by the tropical cyclone, Jamaica governor Sydney Olivier, 1st Baron Olivier assessed damage in the western portion of the island. The government of Jamaica ordered the dispatch of artillerymen in order to bring 300 tents and other relief supplies to impacted regions. Additionally, money was raised to aid those who became homeless.


1912 Jamaica hurricane, Impact and aftermath
In Cuba, the storm primarily effected Guantánamo Bay, causing extensive flooding occurred in the area. There were five fatalities, four of which were fishermen who drowned and another person died after injuries suffered during a building collapsed.


1912 Japanese general election
General elections were held in Japan on 15 May 1912. The result was a victory for the Rikken Seiyūkai party, which won 209 of the 381 seats.


1912 Japanese general election, Electoral system
The 381 members of the House of Representatives were elected in 51 multi-member constituencies based on prefectures and cities. Voting was restricted to men aged over 25 who paid at least 10 yen a year in direct taxation. 1912 was also the first year citizens in Okinawa could vote.


1912 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The 1912 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Missouri Valley Conference during the 1912 college football season. In their first season under head coach Arthur Mosse, the Jayhawks compiled a 4–4 record (1–2 against conference opponents), finished in fifth place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 128 to 45. The Jayhawks played their home games at McCook Field in Lawrence, Kansas. Howard Brownlee was the team captain.


1912 Kansas State Aggies football team
The 1912 Kansas State Aggies football team represented Kansas State Agricultural College in the 1912 college football season. They were champion of the Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference for the third time in four seasons, although it was not officially sanctioned.


1912 Kansas gubernatorial election
The 1912 Kansas gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Democratic nominee George H. Hodges defeated Republican nominee Arthur Capper with 46.55% of the vote.


1912 Kendall Orange and Black football team
The 1912 Kendall Orange and Black football team represented Henry Kendall College (later renamed the University of Tulsa) during the 1912 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Harvey Allen, the team compiled a 1–4 record and was outscored by its opponents by a combined total of 141 to 75.


1912 Kendall Orange and Black football team
Prior to 1912, Kendall had played only a handful of intercollegiate football games in the 20th century. For the 1912 season, Kendall hired a regular coach, H. L. Allen. Prior to the start of the season, The Tulsa Daily World wrote:


1912 Kendall Orange and Black football team
"The sound of rough-shod toes coming sharply in contact will be wafted on the gentle breezes that float around Kendall college next week. They're going to have a regular football team at Kendall this year, with a regular coach and regular players. . . . All this should sound mighty good to the athletic-loving folks of Tulsa town, for it means that Kendall college is at last coming into her own."


1912 Kendall Orange and Black football team
The paper described the newly arrived coach and athletic director as "young, strong and energetic, a splendid athlete himself."


1912 Kendall Orange and Black football team
On September 27, 1912, the team played the school's first intercollegiate football game since 1909, losing to Oklahoma Methodist University (later known as Oklahoma City University) at Guthrie, Oklahoma, by a 39–6 score. After the game, The Tulsa Daily World praised the "wonderful showing" and wrote that the Kendall team had "demonstrated the face that at last Tulsa is to be placed upon the collegiate football map of Oklahoma in a convincing manner." In a case of mistaken identity, star guard William Maulson was arrested as a suspected train robber in Muskogee, Oklahoma, in late October or early November 1912.


1912 Kentucky Derby
The 1912 Kentucky Derby was the 38th running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 11, 1912. Horses The Manager and Patruche scratched before the race.


1912 Kentucky State College Wildcats football team
The 1912 Kentucky State College Wildcats football team represented Kentucky State College—now known as the University of Kentucky—during the 1912 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. During the season, head coach Edwin Sweetland fired his assistant coach Richard S. Webb after Webb took several team members to a Knoxville red-light district after the game against Tennessee.


1912 LIHG Championship
The 1912 LIHG Championship was the first edition of the LIHG Championships. The tournament was held from March 20–24, 1912, in Brussels, Belgium. Germany won the championship, the Oxford Canadians finished second, and Belgium finished third.


1912 LSU Tigers football team
The 1912 LSU Tigers football team represented the LSU Tigers of Louisiana State University during the 1912 college football season.


1912 Lafayette football team
The 1912 Lafayette football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In its first season under head coach George McCaa, the team compiled an 4–5–1 record. Howard Benson was the team captain. The team played its home games at March Field in Easton, Pennsylvania.


1912 Lawrence textile strike
The Lawrence Textile Strike, also known as the Bread and Roses Strike, was a strike of immigrant workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts, in 1912 led by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). Prompted by a two-hour pay cut corresponding to a new law shortening the workweek for women, the strike spread rapidly through the town, growing to more than twenty thousand workers and involving nearly every mill in Lawrence. On January 1, 1912, the Massachusetts government enforced a law that cut mill workers' hours in a single work week from 56 hours, to 54 hours. Ten days later, they found out that pay had been reduced along with the cut in hours.