1908 United States presidential election in Ohio
Ultimately, Taft won the state by a margin of 6.20%, a margin less than a third that by which Theodore Roosevelt defeated Alton B. Parker four years earlier.


1908 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
The 1908 United States presidential election in Oklahoma took place on November 3, 1908. All 46 states were part of the 1908 United States presidential election. Voters chose seven electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. This was the first presidential election Oklahoma participated in, as it had become the 46th state on November 16, 1907.


1908 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
Democratic Nominee William Jennings Bryan won Oklahoma by a 4.66% margin of victory. Oklahoma became a reliably Democratic state, with the party nominee winning 10 out of the first 15 elections held in the state. In 1964, Lyndon Johnson became the last Democratic presidential candidate to carry the state.


1908 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
Eugene V. Debs, the Socialist candidate, won 8.52% of the vote, demonstrating the strength of the Socialist movement in Oklahoma at this point in the state's history. Debs would go on to improve this performance in 1912, winning around twice as much of the percentage of the vote in Oklahoma.


1908 United States presidential election in Oregon
The 1908 United States presidential election in Oregon took place on November 3, 1908. All contemporary 46 states were part of the 1908 United States presidential election. State voters chose four electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Oregon, Background
Oregon had been earlier in the 1900s solidified as a one-party Republican bastion, which it would remain at a Presidential level apart from the 1910s GOP split until Franklin D. Roosevelt rose to power in 1932, and apart from a very short New Deal interlude at state level until the “Revolution of 1954”. Democratic representation in the Oregon legislature would never exceed fifteen percent during this period except for the above-mentioned 1930s interlude, and Republican primaries would become the chief mode of competition.


1908 United States presidential election in Oregon, Background
The Beaver State's few Democrats pledged themselves to Bryan – who had been the last Democratic presidential candidate to carry any of the state's counties – in June. In contrast, Senator Jonathan Bourne wanted incumbent President Theodore Roosevelt to run for effectively a third term;  however once it was clear that Taft would be the GOP nominee Bourne campaigned for him vigorously in spite of his history as a “silver Republican” who backed Bryan in 1896.


1908 United States presidential election in Oregon, Vote
Polls always said that Oregon, which had voted Democratic only once over twelve presidential elections since statehood, would ultimately be easily retained by Taft. Despite differences with the state GOP, a New York Times opinion poll continued to show a Taft victory as certain, although The Washington Post was much less certain. Ultimately, however, Taft would repeat Roosevelt's feat of sweeping every county in Oregon, but his winning margin was less than half as large as that by which Alton Brooks Parker had been defeated in 1904.


1908 United States presidential election in Oregon, Vote
Bryan had previously lost Oregon twice to Republican William McKinley in both 1896 and 1900.


1908 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania
The 1908 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania took place on November 3, 1908 as part of the 1908 United States presidential election, throughout 46 states (Arizona and New Mexico were still territories that would participate in the next election). This was the first presidential election in which Oklahoma participated. Voters chose 34 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania overwhelmingly voted for the Republican nominee, Secretary of War William Howard Taft, over the Democratic nominee, former U.S. Representative William Jennings Bryan. Taft won Pennsylvania by a landslide margin of 23.43%.


1908 United States presidential election in Rhode Island
The 1908 United States presidential election in Rhode Island took place on November 3, 1908 as part of the 1908 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Rhode Island
Rhode Island voted for the Republican nominee, Secretary of War William Howard Taft, over the Democratic nominee, former U.S. Representative William Jennings Bryan. Taft won the state by a margin of 26.6%.


1908 United States presidential election in Rhode Island
With 60.76% of the popular vote, Rhode Island would be Taft's fifth strongest victory in terms of percentage in the popular vote after Vermont, Maine, Michigan and North Dakota.


1908 United States presidential election in South Carolina
The 1908 United States presidential election in South Carolina took place on November 3, 1908. Voters chose 9 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in South Carolina
South Carolina overwhelmingly voted for the Democratic nominee, former U.S. Representative William Jennings Bryan, over the Republican nominee, Secretary of War William Howard Taft. Bryan won the state by a landslide margin of 87.9%. Although South Carolina was Taft's weakest state, he performed slightly better in the state than Theodore Roosevelt had four years prior.


1908 United States presidential election in South Dakota
The 1908 United States presidential election in South Dakota took place on November 3, 1908. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in South Dakota
South Dakota voted for the Republican nominee, Secretary of War William Howard Taft, over the Democratic nominee, former U.S. Representative William Jennings Bryan. Taft won the state by a margin of 23.76 percentage points.


1908 United States presidential election in South Dakota
William Bryan had previously won South Dakota during his run against William McKinley in 1896 but would later lose the state to McKinley four years later in 1900.


1908 United States presidential election in Tennessee
The 1908 United States presidential election in Tennessee took place on November 3, 1908. All contemporary 46 states were part of the 1908 United States presidential election. Tennessee voters chose 12 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Background and vote
For over a century after the Civil War, Tennessee was divided according to political loyalties established in that war. Unionist regions covering almost all of East Tennessee, Kentucky Pennyroyal-allied Macon County, and the five West Tennessee Highland Rim counties of Carroll, Henderson, McNairy, Hardin and Wayne voted Republican – generally by landslide margins – as they saw the Democratic Party as the “war party” who had forced them into a war they did not wish to fight.


1908 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Background and vote
Contrariwise, the rest of Middle and West Tennessee who had supported and driven the state’s secession was equally fiercely Democratic as it associated the Republicans with Reconstruction. After the disfranchisement of the state’s African-American population by a poll tax was largely complete in the 1890s, the Democratic Party was certain of winning statewide elections if united, although unlike the Deep South Republicans would almost always gain thirty to forty percent of the statewide vote from mountain and Highland Rim support.


1908 United States presidential election in Tennessee, Background and vote
During the 1908 election new GOP nominee William Howard Taft would in October become the first Republican candidate to tour the South, visiting Tennessee and North Carolina Aided by opposition by developing manufacturers to third-time Democratic nominee William Jennings Bryan’s populism, and by his willingness to accept black disfranchisement Taft gained noticeably given the extremely deep-rooted partisan loyalties established by the Civil War. Whereas Theodore Roosevelt had lost Tennessee by 10.87 percent in 1904, Taft, although doing worse nationally, lost only by 6.85 percentage points


1908 United States presidential election in Texas
The 1908 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 3, 1908. Voters chose 18 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Texas
Texas overwhelmingly voted for the Democratic nominee, former U.S. Representative William Jennings Bryan, over the Republican nominee, Secretary of War William Howard Taft. Bryan won Texas by a landslide margin of 51.62%.


1908 United States presidential election in Texas
Bryan had previously won Texas against William McKinley in both 1896 and 1900. With 73.97 percent of the popular vote, Texas would also prove to be Bryan's fourth strongest victory in terms of percentage in the popular vote only after South Carolina, Mississippi and Louisiana.


1908 United States presidential election in Utah
The 1908 United States presidential election in Utah was held on November 3, 1908, throughout all forty-six contemporary states as part of the 1908 United States presidential election. State voters chose three representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. This was the last election when Utah had the minimum three electoral votes as it would gain a second congressional district after the 1910 Census.


1908 United States presidential election in Utah, Background
Although Democrat/Populist Bryan had carried Utah in its debut presidential election by a five-to-one margin, the Republican Party – ditching ancestral hostility to the state's dominant Mormon religion – was soon able to take control of the state, despite a threat from the anti-Mormon "American Party" in urban areas with sizeable non-Mormon ("Gentile") populations. In its third election of 1904, the Beehive State had given a virtual two-to-one majority for Theodore Roosevelt against New York Democrat Alton B. Parker, who carried only Dixie's Washington County.


1908 United States presidential election in Utah, Background
Believing that the election could only be won in the West and Midwest, Bryan – who had had no trouble winning a third Democratic nomination – chose Indiana's John Worth Kern as his running mate. However, although many in the media supported the election of Bryan and praised his policies, the rapid recovery from the "Panic of 1907" meant that Bryan struggled severely in the Progressive-minded Western States once campaigning began.


1908 United States presidential election in Utah, Background
The antagonism towards Bryan of business meant that Taft had little trouble repeating Theodore Roosevelt's triumph of 1904, although Bryan was able to cut Alton Parker's losing margin from 29 to 17 percentage points. A powerful socialist movement in mining districts failed to equal Debs' support from the 1904 election as his policies were not considered feasible or were co-opted by the two major parties. Taft was further helped by the unseating of delegates for Bryan as a result of conflict between pro- and anti-Mormon factions.


1908 United States presidential election in Vermont
The 1908 United States presidential election in Vermont took place on November 3, 1908 as part of the 1908 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Vermont
Vermont overwhelmingly voted for the Republican nominee, Secretary of War William Howard Taft, over the Democratic nominee, former U.S. Representative William Jennings Bryan. Taft won Vermont by a landslide margin of 53.26%.


1908 United States presidential election in Vermont
With 75.08% of the popular vote, Vermont would be Taft’s strongest victory in terms of percentage in the popular vote.


1908 United States presidential election in Virginia
The 1908 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 3, 1908, as part of the 1908 United States presidential election. Voters chose 12 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Virginia
Virginia voted for the Democratic candidate, former U.S. Representative William J. Bryan over the Republican candidate, former Secretary of War William Howard Taft. Bryan won the state by a margin of 22.16%.


1908 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
The 1908 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 3, 1908. All contemporary 46 states were part of the 1908 United States presidential election. Voters chose five electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
Washington had been established earlier in the 1900s as a one-party Republican bastion, which it would remain at a Presidential level apart from the 1910s GOP split until Franklin D. Roosevelt rose to power in 1932, and more or less continuously at state level during this era. Democratic representation in the Washington legislature would during this period at times be countable on one hand, and no Democrat other than Woodrow Wilson in 1916 would henceforth carry even one county in the state before Catholic Al Smith carried German-settled Ferry County in 1928. Republican primaries would take over as the chief mode of political competition when introduced later in the decade.


1908 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
Roosevelt's great popularity in the state ensured his handpicked successor William Howard Taft would win Washington without difficulty, although because Bryan retained some popularity from previous campaigns in this radical state Taft could not equal Roosevelt's huge win from four years earlier.


1908 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan had previously won the state against William McKinley in 1896 but would later lose the state to McKinley in 1900.


1908 United States presidential election in West Virginia
The 1908 United States presidential election in West Virginia took place on November 3, 1908, as part of the 1908 United States presidential election. West Virginia voters chose seven representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in West Virginia
West Virginia was won by the 42nd Secretary of War William Howard Taft (R–Ohio), running with representative James S. Sherman, with 53.42% of the popular vote, against former representative William Jennings Bryan (D–Nebraska), running with John W. Kern, a former Indianian state senator with 43.17% of the popular vote.


1908 United States presidential election in West Virginia
The Socialist Party of America chose four-time candidate for President of the United States Eugene V. Debs (S–Indiana), running with Ben Hanford, with 1.43% of the popular vote. The Prohibition Party ran Eugene Chafin (P–Wisconsin) with Aaron S. Watkins, the president of Asbury College and received 1.99% of the vote.


1908 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
The 1908 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on November 3, 1908 as part of the 1908 United States presidential election. State voters chose 13 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background and vote
Ever since the decline of the Populist movement, Wisconsin had become almost a one-party state dominated by the Republican Party. The Democratic Party became entirely uncompetitive outside certain German Catholic counties adjoining Lake Michigan as the upper classes, along with the majority of workers who followed them, completely fled from William Jennings Bryan’s agrarian and free silver sympathies. As Democratic strength weakened severely after 1894 – although the state did develop a strong Socialist Party to provide opposition to the GOP – Wisconsin developed the direct Republican primary in 1903 and this ultimately created competition between the “League” under Robert M. La Follette, and the conservative “Regular” faction.


1908 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background and vote
When William Jennings Bryan was nominated for a third presidential bid, he visited Wisconsin in early August to urge the Democrats in the state legislature to support his state policies. An earlier poll had suggest Bryan gaining a substantial part of the radical La Follette following, and Bryan would ridicule new Republican nominee William Howard Taft in Milwaukee during the last week of September.


1908 United States presidential election in Wisconsin, Background and vote
Despite Bryan’s campaigns, October polls by the Chicago Record-Herald said that Wisconsin was certain to vote for Taft, As things turned out, the Record-Herald polls were accurate, with Taft winning by eighty-one thousand votes, and carrying all but six counties.


1908 United States presidential election in Wyoming
The 1908 United States presidential election in Wyoming took place on November 3, 1908, as part of the 1908 United States presidential election. State voters chose three representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.


1908 United States presidential election in Wyoming
Wyoming was won by the Secretary of War William Howard Taft (R–Ohio), running with representative James S. Sherman, with 55.43 percent of the popular vote, against representative William Jennings Bryan (D–Nebraska), running with Senator John W. Kern, with 39.67 percent of the popular vote.


1908 United States presidential election in Wyoming
Bryan had previously won Wyoming against William McKinley in 1896 but had lost the state to McKinley in 1900.


1908 University of New Mexico football team
The 1908 University of New Mexico football team was an American football team represented the University of New Mexico as an independent during the 1908 college football season. The team compiled a 5–1 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 111 to 34. Walter R. Allen was the team captain.


1908 University of New Mexico football team
Hermon H. Conwell was the first-year head coach. Conwell was a graduate of Kansas Agricultural College who was hired in 1908 and placed in charge of the mathematics department.


1908 University of New Mexico football team
On November 13, the team defeated the New Mexico Military by a 16–12 score in Roswell, New Mexico. The Roswell Daily Record noted: "This was the first strictly college foot-ball game ever played in Roswell. It is the start of college athletics, and the lovers of this sort of sport are hoping that the spirit will grow."


1908 University of New Mexico football team
On November 22, the team played its annual rivalry game against New Mexico Agricultural College (later renamed New Mexico State University). The university team won the game by a 10–6 score, the first victory for the university over the Aggies since 1894. Fullback Welcher drop-kicked a field goal for four points in the first half, and each team scored a touchdown in the second half.


1908 University of New Mexico football team
On Thanksgiving Day, November 26, the team played Arizona in a game that matched two undefeated teams. Arizona had not allowed any of its prior opponents to score a point and won the game by a 10–5 score. The Albuquerque Morning Journal called it "very decidedly the best football game ever seen in New Mexico or Arizona". The game was also the first meeting between the two universities, marking the start of the Arizona–New Mexico football rivalry.


1908 University of Utah football team
The 1908 University of Utah football team was an American football team that represented the University of Utah as an independent during the 1908 college football season. In its fifth season under head coach Joe Maddock, the team compiled a 4–2–1 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 206 to 49. The team played its home games at Cummings Field in Salt Lake City. Fullback "Dad" Covill was the team captain.


1908 University of Utah football team
Utah met Idaho for the first time, in the season finale on Thanksgiving. The field was covered by two feet (60 cm) of snow and the scoreless game was called early.


1908 Uruguayan Primera División
The Uruguayan Championship 1908 was the eighth official championship of Uruguayan football history.


1908 Uruguayan Primera División, Overview
The tournament consisted of a two-wheel championship of all against all. It involved ten teams, and the champion was River Plate F.C. for the first time in history. The tournament featured several defections during the course of it.


1908 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1908 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team was an American football team that represented Utah Agricultural College (later renamed Utah State University) during the 1908 college football season. In their second and final season under head coach Fred M. Walker, the Aggies compiled a 4–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 142 to 39.


1908 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team
Walker went on to play Major League Baseball from 1910 to 1915. He became known as "Mysterious" Walker.


1908 Utah gubernatorial election
The 1908 Utah gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1908. Republican nominee William Spry defeated Democratic nominee Jesse Knight with 47.45% of the vote.


1908 VFA season
The 1908 Victorian Football Association season was the 32nd season of the Australian rules football competition. The premiership was won by the Footscray Football Club, after it defeated Brunswick in the final by 24 points. It was the fourth premiership won by the club.


1908 VFA season
The season was preceded by a tumultuous off-season, in which the Richmond Football Club left the Association in favour of the rival Victorian Football League, and both North Melbourne and West Melbourne were banished from the Association for attempting to do likewise.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, League expansion
On 4 October 1907, shortly after the end of the season, the University Football Club – which had won the Metropolitan Junior Football Association premiership that season – was admitted to the Victorian Football League as a senior club. This brought the size of the League to nine clubs, and the League delegates resolved at the same meeting to admit a tenth team, citing the desire to have an even number of teams to avoid the need for byes in the fixture, as well as some other strategic goals.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, League expansion
The League resolved to reconvene on 18 October to select its tenth team from applications received in the interim. Within the next week, three Association clubs had announced their intention to apply for entry to the League: Richmond, and an amalgamation between North Melbourne and West Melbourne – as well as the Brighton Football Club, runners-up to University in the 1907 MJFA season.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, League expansion
West Melbourne and North Melbourne were considered to be a stronger chance of gaining admission to the League as an amalgamated entity than as separate clubs, but in reality there were other drivers which would likely have seen the clubs merged for 1908 even without the opportunity to join the League. North Melbourne was struggling on the field, and West Melbourne was struggling financially.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, League expansion
Furthermore, after years of sharing the North Melbourne Recreation Reserve as a home ground, West Melbourne had brokered a deal to play at the East Melbourne Cricket Ground, sharing it with the Essendon (League) Football Club in 1907; but, this deal was cancelled when University entered the League and assumed the co-tenancy of the ground, leaving West Melbourne homeless once again. North Melbourne and West Melbourne did share a strong history of collaboration as a result of proximity and sharing the same ground, and were seen as a natural fit for an amalgamation.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, League expansion
Richmond had been one of the Association's strongest and most consistent clubs on and off the field since the turn of the century, and was considered a very strong candidate for the tenth position in the League on those merits. Additionally, there were VFL delegates who sought for the League to strategically dominate Melbourne's inner-city locations, leaving the outer or suburban locations for the Association, and Richmond's location fit well with this vision.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, League expansion
Another club strongly rumoured to have been considering applying to join the League was the defending premiers Williamstown. Commentators thought Williamstown to be a strong candidate on its footballing merits, but that its remote location compared with the other inner-city teams was likely to limit its chances. Williamstown did not submit an application to the League, although whether it considered doing so is unknown.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, League expansion
On 18 October 1907, the League formally accepted Richmond into its senior ranks from the 1908 season, and rejected the joint North Melbourne/West Melbourne application.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, Association response
The Association reacted angrily to the League's actions, and to the clubs which attempted to defect.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, Association response
There was a feeling amongst many Association delegates that the League, by enticing its best senior clubs to defect and leaving a two-week opportunity for clubs to publicly fight for that position, was deliberately attempting to weaken and destabilise the Association just as it was building strength and popularity, to control a larger part of the money available in the game; and indeed, the popularity of the Association had been building in the previous few years, and in 1907 was the highest it had been since the original breakaway of the League in 1897.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, Association response
Because of this, clubs which attempted to defect were seen by many in the Association as deeply disloyal – particularly Richmond and North Melbourne, who had themselves been through the suffering caused by the breakaway of the League in 1897. The Association discussed and ultimately carried a motion that any clubs which attempted to defect to the League would not be welcomed back to the Association. This left the unsuccessful applicants, North Melbourne and West Melbourne, without a senior competition for 1908.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, Association expansion
Left with seven clubs, the Association looked to increase its numbers, and welcomed two of the strongest junior clubs in the city into its senior ranks: the Brighton Football Club from the Metropolitan Junior Football Association, and the Northcote Football Club from the Victorian Junior Football Association. This put the size of the Association at nine teams, and a fixture for the season was released in March 1908.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, Re-admission of North Melbourne
Still without a senior competition in February 1908, North Melbourne and West Melbourne re-applied to join the League as an eleventh team, as a merged entity which would be known as the City Football Club, and would play its matches in North Melbourne, but they were again rejected. In March, they re-applied for the Association, but were again rejected for their disloyalty. At the end of March, both clubs were formally defunct.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, Re-admission of North Melbourne
Less than a week later, a new group of stakeholders from the town of North Melbourne set about reforming the club. At a public meeting on 15 April, the new North Melbourne Football Club was formed, and on 16 April it applied to join the Association. The Association accepted the application, after adding the condition that no person who served on the former committees of North Melbourne or West Melbourne could serve on the new committee, and accepting the assurances of the new committee that it was loyal to the Association.


1908 VFA season, Association Membership, Re-admission of North Melbourne
The reformed club is historically viewed as a continuation of the previous North Melbourne club. The new club adopted blue and white halves with a red sash as its guernsey, borrowing colours from both North Melbourne (blue and white) and West Melbourne (red and white). With its re-admission occurring two weeks before the start of the season, North Melbourne was accommodated by playing its match each week against whichever team was scheduled for a bye.


1908 VFA season, Rule changes
In a move which angered the Association, the League forbade Association matches from being played on League grounds in 1908 – a rule which followed West Melbourne's sharing of the East Melbourne Cricket Ground with Essendon (League) in 1907. The move strengthened the belief that the VFL's expansion and actions were aimed at undermining the increasing popularity of the Association.


1908 VFA season, Rule changes
The Association reduced the number of players on the field from eighteen-a-side to seventeen-a-side in 1908, removing one of the ruck/follower positions from the game.


1908 VFA season, Premiership
The home-and-away season was played over eighteen rounds, with each club playing the others twice; then, the top four clubs contested a finals series under the amended Argus system to determine the premiers for the season.


1908 VFL Grand Final
The 1908 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Carlton Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 26 September 1908. It was the 11th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1908 VFL season. The match, attended by 50,261 spectators, was won by reigning premiers Carlton by a margin of 9 points, marking that club's third premiership victory and third in succession.


1908 VFL Grand Final, Right to challenge
This season was played under the amended Argus system. Carlton was the minor premier, and Essendon had finished second. The teams both qualified for this match by winning their semi-finals matches.


1908 VFL Grand Final, Right to challenge
If Essendon had won this match, Carlton would have had the right to challenge Essendon to a rematch for the premiership on the following weekend, because Carlton was the minor premier. The winner of that match would then have won the premiership.


1908 VFL season
The 1908 Victorian Football League season was the 12th season of the elite Australian rules football competition.


1908 VFL season
Both Richmond Football Club and University Football Club were admitted to the VFL competition.


1908 VFL season, Premiership season
In 1908, the VFL competition consisted of ten teams of 18 on-the-field players each, with no "reserves", although any of the 18 players who had left the playing field for any reason could later resume their place on the field at any time during the match.


1908 VFL season, Premiership season
Each team played each other twice in a home-and-away season of 18 rounds.


1908 VFL season, Premiership season
Once the 18 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1908 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the amended "Argus system".


1908 VFL season, Grand final
Carlton defeated Essendon 5.5 (35) to 3.8 (26). (For an explanation of scoring see Australian rules football).


1908 VMI Keydets football team
The 1908 VMI Keydets football team represented the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in their 18th season of organized football. VMI went 4–2 in a fairly short season under head coach Charles Roller.


1908 VPI football team
The 1908 VPI football team represented Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute in the 1908 college football season. The team was led by their head coach R. M. Brown and finished with a record of five wins and four losses (5–4).


1908 VPI football team, Players
The following players were members of the 1908 football team according to the roster published in the 1909 edition of The Bugle, the Virginia Tech yearbook.


1908 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
The 1908 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University during the 1908 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The team's head coach was Dan McGugin, who served his fifth season in that capacity. Members of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association, the Commodores played eight home games in Nashville, Tennessee and finished the season with a record of 7–2–1 and 3–0–1 in SIAA.


1908 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
On October 17, 1908 Vanderbilt played the school's 137th game, against Clemson. Winning the contest 41–0 for the schools' 100th victory. 1908 was a down year for Vanderbilt with a wealth of sophomores; guided shrewdly by McGugin to its success.


1908 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Michigan
Before Vanderbilt played Michigan, Louis Hasslock had been on duty at Reelfoot Lake with a militia who were to guard against night riders. When he learned he could be granted a leave of absence if he were to join his football team, he walked a distance of twenty miles through a country infested with night riders, and caught a train at Union City.


1908 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Tennessee
The Volunteers had compiled four wins in conference play. It was widely considered the best Tennessee football season up to that point. Vanderbilt won the match between the two schools 16 to 9.


1908 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Tennessee
Walker Leach made a 41-yard field goal to put the Vols up 4 to 0. "This seemed to arouse the local team" and Vanderbilt drove down the field for a touchdown. On a fake kick, Leach circled Vanderbilt's left end for 60 yards. Ray Morrison stopped him short of the goal. Nathan Dougherty was on Tennessee's squad.


1908 Vermont Green and Gold football team
The 1908 Vermont Green and Gold football team was an American football team that represented  the University of Vermont as an independent during the 1908 college football season. In their only year under head coach Edward Herr, the team compiled a 3–3–3 record.


1908 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 1908 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on September 1, 1908. Incumbent Republican Fletcher D. Proctor, per the "Mountain Rule", did not run for re-election to a second term as Governor of Vermont. Republican candidate George H. Prouty defeated Democratic candidate, Burlington mayor James Edmund Burke to succeed him.


1908 Victorian state election
The 1908 Victorian state election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on 29 December 1908 to elect 40 of the 65 members of the state's Legislative Assembly. The other 25 seats were uncontested.


1908 Victorian state election
The election was in one member districts, using first-past-the-post voting.


1908 Victorian state election, Background
Ministerialists were a group of members of parliament who supported a government in office but were not bound by tight party discipline. Ministerialists represented loose pre-party groupings who held seats in state parliaments up to 1914. Such members ran for office as independents or under a variety of political labels but saw themselves as linked to other candidates by their support for a particular premier or government.


1908 Victorian state election, Background
The Labor side of politics was controlled by the Political Labor Council. In 1904 Prendergast became the first leader of the Parliamentary Labor Party. The election saw the emergence of the Commonwealth Liberal Party in Victoria. In 1907, John Murray emerged as the leader of a country faction of Bent's Commonwealth Liberal Party, which opposed Bent's free-spending policies. During 1908, Bent's government began to disintegrate as a result of conflict between country and city interests. After the 1908 election, on 8 January 1909, Murray successfully moved a motion of no-confidence in Bent's government and succeeded him as Premier.


1908 Victorian state election, Results, Legislative Assembly
Victorian state election, 29 December 1908Legislative Assembly << 1907–1911 >>


1908 Villanova Wildcats football team
The 1908 Villanova Wildcats football team represented the Villanova University during the 1908 college football season. The Wildcats team captain was Joseph Walsh.


1908 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 1908 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia in the 1908 college football season. Led by first year coach Merritt Cooke Jr., the team went 7–0–1 and were one of two teams given the mythical title of Southern champion.


1908 WAFL season
The 1908 WAFL season was the 24th season of senior Australian rules football in Perth, Western Australia.


1908 Wabash Little Giants football team
The 1908 Wabash Little Giants football team represented Wabash College during the 1908 college football season. In Ralph Jones's first season as head coach, the Little Giants compiled a 2–6 record, but still managed to outscore their opponents 95 to 65, thanks to a 62–0 blowout of Franklin in the season opener, and a plethora of close losses against Rose Polytechnic,  St. Louis, Michigan Agricultural, Miami (OH), and Notre Dame, all of which were one score games.


1908 Wabash Little Giants football team
Wabash's most notable and impressive contest was against Notre Dame, when the Little Giant's held the 8–1 Fighting Irish to 8 points and scored 4 of their own, the best showing put up against the team besides Michigan. The Little Giant's also held an undefeated Michigan Agricultural and Miami of Ohio to 6 points.


1908 Wake Forest Baptists football team
The 1908 Wake Forest Baptists football team was an American football team that represented Wake Forest College during the 1908 college football season.


1908 Washington & Jefferson Red and Black football team
The 1908 Washington & Jefferson Red and Black football team represented Washington & Jefferson College as an independent during the 1908 college football season. Led by first-year head David C. Morrow, Washington & Jefferson compiled a record of 10–2–1.


1908 Washington Senators season
The 1908 Washington Senators won 67 games, lost 85, and finished in seventh place in the American League. They were managed by Joe Cantillon and played home games at National Park.


1908 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1908 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1908 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1908 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1908 Washington State football team
The 1908 Washington State football team was an American football team that represented Washington State College during the 1908 college football season. The team competed as an independent under head coach Walter Rheinschild, compiling a record of 4–0–2.


1908 Washington football team
The 1908 Washington football team was an American football team that represented the University of Washington during the 1908 college football season. In its first season under coach Gil Dobie, the team compiled a 6–0–1 record and outscored its opponents by a combined total of 128 to 15. Fred Tegtmeier was the team captain.


1908 Washington gubernatorial election
The 1908 Washington gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1908. Republican nominee Samuel G. Cosgrove defeated Democratic nominee John Pattison with 62.38% of the vote.


1908 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1908 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 9th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.


1908 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
Dungarvan won the championship after a defeat of Dunhill in the final. This was their first ever championship title.


1908 Wellington City mayoral election
The 1908 Wellington City mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.


1908 Wellington City mayoral election, Background
In 1908 former Mayor John Aitken launched a fresh campaign to regain the position but was defeated by the incumbent Mayor Thomas William Hislop.


1908 West Carmarthenshire by-election
The West Carmarthenshire by-election, 1908 was a parliamentary by-election held for the House of Commons constituency of West Carmarthenshire in West Wales on 26 February 1908.


1908 West Carmarthenshire by-election, Vacancy
Under the provisions of the Succession to the Crown Act of 1707 and a number of subsequent Acts, MPs appointed to certain ministerial and legal offices were at this time required to seek re-election. The West Carmarthenshire by-election was caused by the appointment of the sitting Liberal MP, John Lloyd Morgan as Recorder of Swansea.


1908 West Carmarthenshire by-election, Candidates
Morgan, who had held the seat since 1889, having been unopposed at the general elections of 1900 and 1906 fought the seat again in the Liberal interest but, again, there were no nominations against him and he was therefore returned unopposed.


1908 West Derbyshire by-election
The West Derbyshire by-election of 1908 was held on 15 April 1908. The by-election was held due to the succession to the peerage of the incumbent Liberal Unionist MP, Victor Cavendish, who became the ninth Duke of Devonshire. It was retained by the unopposed Liberal Unionist candidate Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice.


1908 West Down by-election
The West Down by-election of 1908 was held on 20 March 1908. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Irish Unionist MP, Arthur Hill. It was won by the Irish Unionist candidate William MacCaw.


1908 West Virginia Mountaineers football team
The 1908 West Virginia Mountaineers football team was an American football team that represented West Virginia University as an independent during the 1908 college football season. In its first season under head coach Charles Augustus Lueder, the team compiled a 5–3 record and outscored opponents by a total of 101 to 29. Mont M. McIntyre was the team captain.


1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election
The 1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election took place on November 3, concurrently with the Presidential election. Republican nominee William E. Glasscock was elected Governor of West Virginia, defeating Democratic nominee Louis Bennett Sr.


1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election, Democratic nomination, Convention
Louis Bennett Sr. was nominated on the first ballot on July 30. His competitor, Adam B. Littlepage, was nominated for the position of Secretary of State.


1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election, Democratic nomination, Convention
By a wide margin, the convention adopted two planks calling for the continuation of disenfranchisement of black voters and segregation of train cars. The adoption of the planks was opposed by former Governor William A. MacCorkle, who warned that they would cause the party's defeat in the general election.


1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Campaign and conventions
The Republican Party of West Virginia's nomination process in this period was a patchwork of indirect primaries and conventions, all taking place over several months.


1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Campaign and conventions
Early in the race, Hearne touted that he would go to the convention with the full support of the Northern Panhandle. He was awarded the full slate of delegates from his home state of Ohio County, owing to no other candidates contesting the race. However, after losing the Marshall County primary to Scherr, Hearne dropped out. After the Ohio County Republican Party's executive committee selected a slate of delegates supportive of Scherr, Hearne re-entered the race, demanding to select his own delegates. On July 7, the state party's executive committee ruled in favor of Hearne, leading Scherr's supporters to bolt the convention.


1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Campaign and conventions
Scherr's supporters, going by the title "Lincoln Republicans", adopted a platform demanding primary elections and nominated a separate set of candidates for statewide office. Within a week, four of the statewide nominees had left the Lincoln Republican ticket - Thomas C. Miller and John T. Harris repudiating the convention that they had attended, James K. Hall and John T. Harris having been nominated by friends without their knowledge.


1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Compromise
Scherr, Swisher, and presidential nominee William Howard Taft, among other party leaders, held a conference in Hot Springs, Virginia for several days in August. Taft refused to side with either faction.


1908 West Virginia gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Compromise
On September 23, the regular Republicans and Lincoln Republicans agreed to both support William E. Glasscock, as a compromise. Additionally, changes to the nomination process was made, with delegates apportioned based on the county rather than the district, and requiring either a primary or a district convention to be held.


1908 Western Australian state election
Elections were held in the Australian state of Western Australia in late 1908 to elect 50 members to the state's Legislative Assembly. The main polling day was 11 September, although five remote electorates went to the polls at later dates.


1908 Western Australian state election
The governing Ministerialists (led by the premier, Newton Moore) lost five seats, but retained a majority government. The Labour Party, led by Thomas Bath, gained eight seats for a total of 22, equalling their record set at the 1904 election. For the first time, no independents were elected.


1908 Western Reserve football team
The 1908 Western Reserve football team represented Western Reserve University of Cleveland, Ohio, now known as Case Western Reserve University, during the 1908 college football season. The team's coach was William B. Seaman . Assistant coach was Xen C. Scott.


1908 Western State Hilltoppers football team
The 1908 Western State Hilltoppers football team represented Western State Normal School (later renamed Western Michigan University) as an independent during the 1908 college football season. In their second season under head coach William H. Spaulding, the Hilltoppers compiled a 3–3 record and were outscored by their opponents, 98 to 33. Halfback Tubby Meyers was the team captain for the third consecutive year.


1908 William & Mary Orange and White football team
The 1908 William & Mary Orange and White football team represented the College of William & Mary as a member of the Eastern Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Association (EVIAA) during the 1909 college football season. Le by first-year head coach George E. O'Hearn, the Orange and White compiled an overall record of 4–6–1.


1908 Wimbledon Championships
The 1908 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 22 June until 3 July. It was the 32nd staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1908.


1908 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Men's Singles
Arthur Gore defeated  Herbert Roper Barrett  6–3, 6–2, 4–6, 3–6, 6–4


1908 Wimbledon Championships, Champions, Men's Doubles
Major Ritchie /  Anthony Wilding defeated  Herbert Roper Barrett /  Arthur Gore, 6–1, 6–2, 1–6, 9–7


1908 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles
Norman Brookes and Anthony Wilding were the defending champions, but Brookes did not participate. Wilding partnered with Major Ritchie and they defeated Herbert Roper Barrett and Arthur Gore 6–1, 6–2, 1–6, 9–7 in the All Comers' Final to win the Gentlemen' Doubles tennis title at the 1908 Wimbledon Championships.


1908 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles
Arthur Gore defeated Herbert Roper Barrett 6–3, 6–2, 4–6, 3–6, 6–4 in the All-Comers final to win the Gentlemen's Singles tennis title at the 1908 Wimbledon Championships. The reigning champion Norman Brookes did not defend his title.


1908 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles
Charlotte Sterry defeated Agnes Morton 6–4, 6–4 in the All Comers' Final to win the Ladies' Singles tennis title at the 1908 Wimbledon Championships. The reigning champion May Sutton did not defend her title. She was the oldest ladies' singles champion, at 37 years and 282 days.


1908 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The 1908 Wisconsin Badgers football team represented the University of Wisconsin in the 1908 college football season. The final game of the season was the first homecoming game in program history. The Badgers were defeated 18–12 by the Chicago Maroons.


1908 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1908 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1908.


1908 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
Incumbent Republican Governor James O. Davidson won re-election, defeating Democratic nominee John A. Aylward and Socialist nominee Harvey Dee Brown, with 54.03% of the vote.


1908 Wolverhampton East by-election
The Wolverhampton East by-election of 1908 was held on 5 May 1908. The by-election was held due to the elevation to the peerage of the incumbent Liberal MP, Henry Fowler, who became Viscount Wolverhampton. It was won by the Liberal candidate George Rennie Thorne.


1908 Wolverhampton East by-election, Background
Thorne, who had stood unsuccessfully for election twice in the South and West  divisions of Wolverhampton, seemed in nearly every way the stereotypical Liberal of his day; a pronounced nonconformist, a Baptist, in a constituency where there were many nonconformist voters. In his election meetings and literature he declared himself a supporter of free trade, the proposed Bill on Old Age Pensions, restricting to eight the hours that miners could be made to work daily, women’s suffrage, Irish Home Rule and any necessary reform of the House of Lords. He was also strongly in favour of temperance and a supporter of the disestablishment of the Church of England. Fowler had been unopposed in two of the previous four elections, and had won the last, in 1906, with more than two thirds of the votes cast, a majority of 2,865.


1908 Wolverhampton East by-election, Result
Thorne won the by-election by a majority of just eight votes from the Unionist candidate Leo Amery, who had lost to Fowler in 1906.


1908 Wolverhampton East by-election, Result
One of reasons it was such a narrow margin was the policy of the Suffragists at this time to oppose the candidates of the Liberal government because they would not bring in a Bill to provide votes for women. This was despite the individual views of the candidates, many of whom, like Thorne, were pro-women’s suffrage. A Mrs Lois Dawson, who had incorrectly been placed on the electoral register as Louis Dawson, was allowed to vote by a surprised polling station presiding officer, as she was clearly on the electoral roll. Her vote was allowed to stand, although had there been a court scrutiny of the election result it would almost certainly have been rejected.


1908 Worcester by-election
The Worcester by-election of 1908 was held on 7 February 1908. The by-election was held due to the void election of the incumbent Conservative MP, George Henry Williamson. It was won by the Conservative candidate Edward Goulding.>


1908 Worcester by-election
After Williamson was elected an election petition was lodged, and Williamson's election was declared void on 25 May 1906. The writ of election was suspended and a Royal Commission was established. Their report was published in December, concluding that there had been extensive corruption. New writs were proposed unsuccessfully on 17 December 1906 and 14 February 1907, and the writ was not finally moved until 31 January 1908, leaving the seat without an MP for two years.


1908 World Allround Speed Skating Championships
The 1908 World Allround Speed Skating Championships took place at 8 and 9 February 1908 at the ice rink Eisstadion in Davos, Switzerland. THis year it was the first time also Silver and Bronze medals were awarded. Also a point system was introduced to make a ranking, but the rule that if one won three distances became automatic World champion was still valid.


1908 World Allround Speed Skating Championships
There was no defending champion. Oscar Mathisen won three distances and became World champion. He also had the lowest number of points awarded.


1908 World Allround Speed Skating Championships, Rules
The ranking was made by award ranking points. The points were awarded to the skaters who had skated all the distances. The final ranking was then decided by ordering the skaters by lowest point totals.


1908 World Allround Speed Skating Championships, Rules
One could win the World Championships also by winning at least three of the four distances, so the ranking could be affected by this.


1908 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.


1908 World Figure Skating Championships
Men's and ladies' competitions were held on January 25–26 in Troppau, Austria-Hungary (modern-day Opava, Czech Republic). Pairs' competition took place on February 16 in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire. It was the first World Championships in which pair skating was contested.


1908 World Series
The 1908 World Series matched the defending champion Chicago Cubs against the Detroit Tigers in a rematch of the 1907 Series. In this first-ever rematch of this young event, the Cubs won in five games for their second straight World Series title. (Sites: game 1 in Detroit; games 2, 3 in Chicago; games 4, 5 in Detroit.)


1908 World Series
The 1908 World Series was significant for being the last World Series championship the Cubs would win until the 2016 World Series (108 years later). Before the 2016 series, the team would go on to appear in seven World Series; in 1910, 1918, 1929, 1932, 1935, 1938, and 1945, losing each time. The Cubs had been one of baseball's most dominant teams in the early 1900s. This was the year of the infamous "Merkle's Boner" play that allowed the Chicago Cubs to reach the World Series after beating the New York Giants (now the San Francisco Giants) in a one-game "playoff", actually the makeup game for the tie that the Merkle play had caused.


1908 World Series
The Series was anticlimactic after tight pennant races in both leagues. Ty Cobb had a much better World Series than in the previous year, as did the rest of his team. The final two games, held in Detroit, were shutouts. This was also the most poorly attended World Series in history, with the final game drawing a record-low 6,210 fans. Attendance in Chicago was harmed by a ticket-scalping scheme that fans accused the club's owner of participating in, and the World Series was boycotted to some degree.


1908 World Series
For the first time, four umpires were used in the series, in alternating two-man teams.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
Saturday, October 10, 1908, at Bennett Park in Detroit, Michigan


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
The Tigers struck first in Game 1 when Matty McIntyre singled to lead off the bottom of the first off of Ed Reulbach, stole second and scored on Ty Cobb's two-out single, but the Cubs responded in the third off of Ed Killian when after a leadoff double and single, Frank Schulte's RBI single tied the game. After a bunt groundout, Harry Steinfeldt's RBI single put Chicago up 2–1. After a walk, Ed Summers relieved Killian and allowed an RBI groundout to Joe Tinker and Johnny Kling reached on an error that allowed another run to score.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
The Cubs added another run in the seventh on Steinfedlt's sacrifice fly. In the bottom of the inning, with runners on second and third, Boss Schmidt's groundout, Red Downs's ground-rule double, and Summers's single scored a run each. Next inning, Claude Rossman's two-run single off of Mordecai Brown put the Tigers up 6–5. In the top of the ninth, three straight one-out singles loaded the bases before Solly Hofman's single scored two and Joe Tinker's bunt single scored another. After a double steal, Johnny King's two-run single put the Cubs up 10–6. Brown pitched a scoreless bottom of the ninth despite allowing a single and walk as the Cubs went up 1–0 in the series.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
Sunday, October 11, 1908, at West Side Grounds in Chicago


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
A scoreless tie in the bottom of the eighth came to an end when Joe Tinker's two-run homer launched a six-run Cub outburst. After a ground-rule double and groundout, RBI singles by Jimmy Sheckard and Johnny Evers and an RBI triple by Frank Schulte (the last two hits coming off after stolen bases) scored a run each. A wild pitch to Frank Chance scored the Cubs' last run. The Tigers avoided a shutout in the ninth when Davy Jones drew a leadoff walk, moved to second on a groundout and scored on Ty Cobb's single. Orval Overall's complete-game win took just 90 minutes.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Monday, October 12, 1908, at West Side Grounds in Chicago, Illinois


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
It was in this game that Ty Cobb enjoyed the finest World Series outing he ever had. The 21-year-old Georgian rapped three singles and a double in five at-bats, and stole two bases. In the top of the ninth, he singled and promptly stole second and third, but then the hyped-up boy wonder pressed his luck and was thrown out trying to steal home. This was the only Tiger win in their back-to-back first two World Series losses to the Cubs.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Detroit struck first in the top of the first when Charley O'Leary hit a one-out single, moved to second on a groundout and scored on Ty Cobb's single. The Cubs responded in the fourth on Frank Chance's RBI single. After stealing second, an error on Harry Steinfeldt's ground ball and Solly Hofman's triple scored a run each. In the top of the sixth, after a single and walk, singles by Sam Crawford, Ty Cobb, and Claude Rossman scored a run each. After a double play, Ira Thomas's RBI double made it 6–3 Tigers. They added two more runs in the eighth on Bill Coughlin's bases loaded sacrifice fly followed by George Mullin's RBI single.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
Tuesday, October 13, 1908, at Bennett Park in Detroit, Michigan


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
This one was over in 95 minutes. RBI singles by Harry Steinfeldt and Solly Hofman in the third inning after two walks gave Mordecai Brown all the support he'd need. Brown allowed only four hits and walked none. The Cubs added another run in the ninth when Frank Chance reached on an error with two on.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Wednesday, October 14, 1908, at Bennett Park in Detroit, Michigan


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
The attendance during this last game of the 1908 World Series (6,210) was the smallest crowd in Series history.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Overall allowed only three hits, walking four and striking out 10 for his second win of the series. In 18.1 innings, he allowed only seven hits and two runs for an ERA of 0.98. During the 1st, Overall pitched an immaculate inning.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
The Cubs scored the game's first run in the first on three straight one-out singles, the last of which to Frank Chance scoring a run, then added another run in the fifth on Johnny Evers's double after two walks.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Boss Schmidt, who made the last out of the 1907 Series with a popup to short, also made the last out of this Series with a feeble catcher-to-first groundout.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
This was also the first World Series game in which neither team committed an error.


1908 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
The Cubs would not win another World Series title until finally reclaiming the crown in 2016.


1908 World Series, Composite line score
1908 World Series (4–1): Chicago Cubs (N.L.) over Detroit Tigers (A.L.)


1908 World Weightlifting Championships
The 1908 Men's World Weightlifting Championships were held in Vienna, Austria-Hungary from December 8 to December 9, 1908. There were 23 men in action from 2 nations. It was the 11th World Weightlifting Championships.


1908 World Weightlifting Championships
All medals won by Austrian weightlifters, Johann Eibel won the middleweight class while Josef Grafl won the heavyweight division.


1908 World Wrestling Championships
The 1908 World Greco-Roman Wrestling Championship were held in Vienna, Cisleithania, Austria-Hungary on 8 December 1908.


1908 Wyoming Cowboys football team
The 1908 Wyoming Cowboys football team represented the University of Wyoming as an independent during the 1908 college football season. In their second and final season under head coach Robert Ehlman, the team compiled a 1–2 record and was outscored by a total of 95 to 66.


1908 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1908 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1908 college football season. The Bulldogs finished with a 7–1–1 record under first-year head coach Lucius Horatio Biglow.


1908 Yale Bulldogs football team
Three Yale players, fullback Ted Coy and guards Hamlin Andrus and William Goebel, were consensus picks for the 1908 College Football All-America Team.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections
The United States Senate elections of 1908 and 1909 were held to determine the winners of the 31 class 3 Senate seats up for election, as well as various special elections to fill vacancies or confirm appointments. Until the 17th Amendment, which passed in 1913, Senators were elected by state legislatures. However, some states had already begun direct elections during this time. Oregon pioneered direct election and experimented with different measures over several years until it succeeded in 1907. Soon after, Nebraska followed suit and laid the foundation for other states to adopt measures reflecting the people's will. By 1912, as many as 29 states elected senators either as nominees of their party's primary or in conjunction with a general election. The Republicans lost two seats overall.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Change in composition, Before the elections
After the January 21, 1908 special election in Rhode Island.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Race summaries, Special elections during the 60th Congress
In this election, the winner was seated in 1908 before March 4; ordered by state.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Race summaries, Special elections during the 60th Congress
In this election, the winner was elected three years early, to be seated in the 62nd Congress starting March 4, 1911.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Race summaries, Races leading to the 61st Congress
In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1909; ordered by state.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Race summaries, Elections during the 61st Congress
In these elections, the winners were elected in 1909 after March 4; ordered by date.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, New York
The election was held on January 19, 1909, by the New York State Legislature. Republican Thomas C. Platt had been re-elected to this seat in 1903, and his term would expire on March 3, 1909. At the State election in November 1908, 35 Republicans and 16 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1909–1910) in the state senate; and 99 Republicans and 51 Democrats were elected for the session of 1909 to the Assembly. The 132nd New York State Legislature met from January 5 to April 30, 1909, at Albany, New York.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, New York
The Republican caucus met on January 18. State Senator J. Mayhew Wainwright presided. The caucus nominated U.S. Secretary of State Elihu Root unanimously. Root was the choice of President Theodore Roosevelt. President pro tempore of the State Senate John Raines lauded warmly Root's nomination, eulogized the retiring U.S. Senator Platt, and declared war on Governor Charles Evans Hughes's reforms. The Democratic caucus met also on January 18. They nominated Ex-Lieutenant Governor Lewis S. Chanler unanimously. Chanler had been elected lieutenant governor in 1906 on the Democratic/Independence League ticket, and had served under Republican governor Hughes. Chanler had just been defeated when running against Hughes for governor in November 1908.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, New York
Elihu Root was the choice of both the Assembly and the state senate, and was declared elected.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, New York
Note: The votes were cast on January 19, but both Houses met in a joint session on January 20 to compare nominations, and declare the result.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania (Regular)
The regularly-scheduled general election in Pennsylvania was held January 19, 1909. Boies Penrose was re-elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly. This was the last Class III U.S. Senate election to be decided by the Pennsylvania General Assembly before the ratification of the 17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which mandated direct election of U.S. Senators.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania (Regular)
The Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, convened on January 19, 1909, to elect a senator to fill the term beginning on March 4, 1909. Incumbent Republican Boies Penrose, who was elected in 1897 and re-elected in 1903, was a successful candidate for re-election to another term. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania (Special)
A special election was held March 16, 1909. George T. Oliver was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania (Special)
Republican Philander C. Knox was appointed to the Senate in June 1904 after the death of Matthew Quay. Knox was subsequently elected to a full term in the Senate by the Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, in January 1905. Knox served in the U.S. Senate until his resignation on March 4, 1909, to become United States Secretary of State in the William Howard Taft administration, leaving the seat vacant until a successor was elected.


1908 and 1909 United States Senate elections, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania (Special)
Following Knox's resignation, the Pennsylvania General Assembly convened on March 16, 1909, to elect a new senator to fill the vacancy. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:


1908 bombardment of the Majlis
The 1908 bombardment of the Majlis of Iran took place on 23 June 1908 in Tehran, during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution, when the Persian Cossack forces, commanded by Vladimir Liakhov and the other Russian officers, bombarded and by that suppressed the Iranian parliament, the Majlis.


1908 bombardment of the Majlis, History
Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar, the Shah of Persia, who ascended the throne in January 1907 was against the constitution of 1906 ratified during regime of his father Mozzafar-al-Din Shah. After his ascension, in August 1907 an Anglo-Russian agreement divided Iran into a Russian zone in the North, a British zone in the South, and a neutral zone in the center. The British switched their support to the Shah, abandoning the Constitutionalists. The Shah later tried to subdue and eliminate the Majles with the military and political support of Russia and Britain.


1908 bombardment of the Majlis, History
As the constitutional revolution was going on in Persia, the Shah kept himself confined to his residence at the Bagh-e Shah fort in the west of Tehran. He took the help of Cossack Brigade to control the revolution and left the city of Tehran at their mercy. The loyalty of the Cossack Brigade was fully guaranteed, not only by the purge done by commander Vladimir Liakhov earlier, but also by the king's distribution of a special bonus earlier in 1908.


1908 bombardment of the Majlis, History
Russian colonel Vladimir Liakhov who was the commander of the Cossack Brigade, lead the force in shelling the Majles and executing several leaders of the Constitutional Movement on June 23, 1908. His forces then also plundered the parliament and damaged the building. This event lead to the beginning of a period known as the "Minor Tyranny". Liakhov was subsequently made Military Governor of Tehran by the Shah, turning the city into a military garrison.


1908 bombardment of the Majlis, History
However, in July 1909, pro-Constitution forces marched from Iran's province of Azerbaijan to Tehran. They were able to capture Tehran, depose the Shah and re-establish the constitution. Colonel Liakhov and his forces served the Shah until July 1909, when the Shah abdicated and fled to Russia, resulting in the surrender of Liakhov and the Persian Cossack Brigade. Liakhov was pardoned by the Constitutional leaders probably for the fear of a Russian attack and was sent back to Saint Petersburg, where he would be dismissed soon after to serve in the Caucasus campaign of the First World War.


1908 bombardment of the Majlis, Gallery
Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar, who was Shah of Persia at time of 1908 Tehran bombardment and wanted to subdue Majlis.


1908 bombardment of the Majlis, Gallery
Colonel Liakhov, Commander of Persian Cossack Brigade, responsible for 1908 Tehran bombardment.


1908 bombardment of the Majlis, Gallery
Persian Cossack Brigade (image of 1909), the troops which lead the 1908 Tehran bombardment of Majles.


1908 bombardment of the Majlis, Gallery
The Majlis building after the bombardment by the Cossack Brigade under the command of Colonel Liakhov, 1908


1908 college football season
The 1908 college football season ran from Saturday, September 19, to November 28. The Penn Quakers and the Harvard Crimson both finished the season unbeaten, though each had been tied once during the season. The LSU Tigers went unbeaten and untied against a weaker opposition. All three teams were named national champions retroactively by various organizations. Only Pennsylvania officially claims a national championship for the 1908 season.


1908 college football season
Although there was no provision for a national championship, major teams played their regular schedules before facing their most difficult matches late in the season. "The real championship contests are ushered in with the month of November," The New York Times reported on September 6, "and on the seventh day of that month the final try-outs will be witnessed." The most eagerly anticipated games were Yale at Princeton (November 14) and Harvard at Yale (November 21). In addition, "intersectional games" were of special interest, with Cornell at Chicago, and Penn at Michigan.


1908 college football season, Rules
"With the modernized plays that are being brought into the game," noted one writer, "football is, in its present state, the national game in the fall the same as baseball in the summer.". Rules for the forward pass, which had been legalized only two years earlier, were modified, and passing was still a risky play.


1908 college football season, Rules
"If the ball on the forward pass is touched and then freed, and is touched by another player on the passer's side, it will be given to the opponents at the point where the ball was illegally touched," and it was noted that the rule change was to stop the practice of a passer throwing the ball high "with the hopes that some one of his teammates would get the ball in the general scramble that followed,". In addition, halftime was extended from ten minutes to fifteen


1908 college football season, Rules
The rules for American football in 1908 were significantly different from whose of a century later, as many of the present rules (100 yard field, four downs to gain ten yards, 6-point touchdown and the 3-point field goal) were not adopted until 1912. The rules in 1908 were:


1908 college football season, September
On September 19,  Brown defeated New Hampshire 34-0, and Carlisle had a practice game against its prep school program, Conway Hall. Carlisle played its first college opponent on September 23, with a 39-0 win over Lebanon Valley on Wednesday afternoon. On September 26, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania defeated West Virginia 6-0 by completing two forward passes to score a touchdown with five minutes left in "oppressively warm" weather in Philadelphia. Carlisle beat Villanova 10-0, and Vanderbilt beat Southwestern Presbyterian 11-5.


1908 college football season, September
September 30 In Wednesday afternoon games, Harvard struggled as it opened the season with a 5-0 win over Bowdoin, scoring on a touchdown in the second half. "Harvard tried the forward pass, line plunges and end runs, but showed poor team work," a dispatch from Cambridge noted. Dartmouth defeated Vermont, 11-0, Yale defeated Wesleyan 16-0, Brown beat Bates, 35-4, and Penn defeated Ursinus, 30-0.


1908 college football season, October
October 3, Harvard beat Maine 16-0 and Penn defeated Bucknell by the same score. Yale was held to a touchdown by Syracuse, 6-0. Annapolis defeated Rutgers 18-0, and beat St. John's 22-0 the following day, while West Point beat Tufts 5-0. Cornell beat Hamilton College, 11-0. Princeton beat the Springfield Training School, 18-0, to raise its record to 2-0-1. Dartmouth defeated Massachusetts Agricultural, 28-0.


1908 college football season, October
Further west, Carlisle and State University (later referred to as Penn State) met at Wilkes-Barre, PA, with Carlisle winning 12-5. Pittsburgh defeating little Mount Union College (now a Division III school, from Athens, Ohio), 34-4. Michigan beat Case, 16-6. Chicago beat Purdue, 39-0. Wooster College defeated Ohio State 8-0. In the South, Tennessee beat North Carolina, 12-0 and Auburn beat Howard College (not to be confused with Howard University), 18-0. Georgia Tech defeated Gordon College, 32-0.


1908 college football season, October
At the end of the first Saturday in October, seven schools remained unbeaten, untied and unscored upon against college opponents: Harvard and Penn, both at 3-0-0; Yale, Annapolis (Navy) and Cornell, at 2-0-0; the University of Chicago, Auburn, and Tennessee.


1908 college football season, October
October 10 Following a Wednesday (Oct. 7) afternoon win over Villanova (11-0), Penn beat State College (Penn State) 6-0. Harvard defeated Williams, 10-0. Annapolis won 22-0 over Dickinson, and West Point beat Tufts, 33-0. Cornell dropped from the ranks of the unscored upon, but defeated Oberlin, 23-10. Yale beat Holy Cross, 18-0.


1908 college football season, October
Further west, Chicago was scored on in its 29-6 win over Indiana. In Buffalo, Carlisle defeated Syracuse, 12-0. Pittsburgh beat Marietta College 7-0. At East Lansing, Michigan and Michigan State played to a 0-0 tie, and Princeton and Lafayette played a scoreless draw as well. Wisconsin opened its season with a 35-0 win over Lawrence College., In the south, Auburn shut out Georgia's Gordon College 42-0. Tennessee beat Maryville College, 39-5. Vanderbilt defeated visiting Rose Polytechnic (later Rose-Hulman), 32-0. Unbeaten, untied and unscored upon were Harvard, Penn, Yale, Navy, Auburn, and Wisconsin.


1908 college football season, October
In Wednesday afternoon games (October 14), Annapolis won at Maryland, 57-0. Penn stayed unbeaten, but was scored upon for the first time, when Gettysburg College managed a field goal; the final score was 23-4.


1908 college football season, October
October 17 In New Haven, Yale faced West Point in a meeting of unbeatens, and won 6-0. In Philadelphia, Penn (6-0-0) faced Brown (4-0) and won, 12-0. Annapolis beat Lehigh, 16-0, and Harvard beat Springfield Teachers College, 44-0. Pitt defeated cross-town rival Carnegie Tech, 22-0, and Princeton beat Virginia Tech, 10-4. Cornell beat Colgate, 9-0. Carlisle was idle.


1908 college football season, October
Further west, Michigan beat Notre Dame 12-6, and Chicago beat visiting Illinois, 11-6. St. Louis University advanced its record to 4-0-0 with a 24-0 win over visiting Arkansas. In the South, Tennessee defeated Kentucky, 7-0; Auburn won at Mercer, 23-0; Vanderbilt beat Clemson 41-0. Georgia Tech beat Mississippi State, 23-0, and LSU beat Texas A&M, 26-0.


1908 college football season, October
On Wednesday afternoon, October 21, Princeton defeated Fordham, 17-0, to extend its record to 4-0-1.


1908 college football season, October
October 24 saw several big matchups between college football's unbeaten teams. In Philadelphia, Penn (7-0-0) hosted Carlisle (5-0-0), while Harvard and Navy, both unbeaten, untied and unscored upon in five games, met at Annapolis. A crowd of 20,000 turned packed Franklin Field to watch the Penn game, with the Quakers taking an early 6-0 lead. The Indians tied the game in the second half on a touchdown and extra point by Jim Thorpe. Thorpe missed on three field goal tries, and the game ended in a 6-6 tie. In Annapolis, Navy scored a touchdown five minutes into the game, but in the second half, Richardson fumbled and Nourse ran the ball back for a score, and the game ended as a 6-6 tie.


1908 college football season, October
Yale stayed unbeaten, untied, and unscored on against visiting Washington and Jefferson, taking a 21-0 lead in the first half and winning 38-0. Pitt defeated Bucknell, 22-0Princeton was tied again, in a 0-0 game against visiting Syracuse. Cornell beat Vermont 9-0.


1908 college football season, October
In the West, Michigan won at Ohio State, 10-6, while Chicago was idle. St. Louis University won at Wabash College on a field goal, 4-0. Down south, Tennessee defeated Georgia 10-0, Georgia School of Technology (Georgia Tech) beat Alabama 11-6, Vanderbilt beat Ole Miss 29-0, and in Birmingham, Auburn beat Sewanee 6-0, and LSU beat Rhodes, 55-0


1908 college football season, October
In a Wednesday afternoon game on October 28, Navy handed George Washington University its first loss, 17-0.


1908 college football season, October
October 31 saw the first major intersectional games of the season. The Pittsburgh Panthers and the St. Louis Billikens, both unbeaten at 5-0-0, met at St. Louis, with Pitt winning 13-0. Vanderbilt (5-0-0) traveled to Michigan (3-0-1), with the home team winning 24-6.


1908 college football season, October
Unbeaten and once-tied, Carlisle (5-0-1) and Navy (7-0-1) met at Annapolis, with the Indians handing the Midshipmen their first loss, 16-6, as Mike Balenti kicked four field goals, which at that time were worth 4 points apiece


1908 college football season, October
Yale stayed unscored upon, with a 49-0 win over Massachusetts, with Ted Koy scoring four of the Elis' nine touchdowns. Including 4 points after, the score would have been 58-0 under modern rules. Cornell defeated Penn State 10-4. Pennsylvania beat Carnegie Tech 25-10 in Pittsburgh. Harvard defeated Brown 6-2. At West Point, Princeton and Army played to a 0-0 tie in the snow; Princeton drove to within six yards on three occasions, and Army held each time.


1908 college football season, October
Auburn and Louisiana State, both unbeaten at 4-0-0, met at Auburn, Alabama, and LSU won 10-2. It would prove to be Auburn's only loss of 1908, and LSU's biggest win en route to a 10-0-0 finish. Another meeting of unbeatens happened in Atlanta, as Tennessee and Georgia Tech, both 4-0-0, faced off. Both scored touchdowns, but Tennessee's extra point gave it a 6-5 win. The loss would be the first of three for Tech. Chicago beat Minnesota 29-0.


1908 college football season, November
November 7Yale (6-0-0) hosted a (4-3-0) Brown team and ended up being tied. Brown scored a touchdown early in the game, but missed the point after, and Yale's Ted Koy connected on 30 yard field goal. In the second half, Yale scored a TD and the extra point, to take the lead. Later in the game, Dennie of Brown intercepted Philbin's pass and returned in 40 yards to tie the game, but the point after failed. Under today's rules, Brown would have won 12-10. In 1908, however, a 4-point field goal, and 6 points for a touchdown and conversion, were equal to Brown's two five-point touchdowns. The game ended in a 10-10 tie. Pitt stayed unbeaten with an 11-0 win over visiting West Virginia, and Cornell defeated Amherst, 6-0.


1908 college football season, November
At New York's Polo Grounds, a crowd of 10,000 watched unbeaten Princeton (5-0-3) face Dartmouth (5-0-1). The Princeton Tigers lost in what was considered an upset, 10-6. Harvard and Carlisle, both unbeaten at 6-0-1, met at Cambridge, and the Indians suffered their first loss, 17-0. Penn beat Lafayette, 34-4. Navy beat Villanova 30-6 and Army edged Springfield, 6-5.


1908 college football season, November
In intersectional games, Michigan beat visiting Kentucky, 62-0, while St. Louis hosted Sewanee and the two played to a 6-6 tie. In Indianapolis, Notre Dame defeated Indiana 11-0. In the South, Vanderbilt handed visiting Tennessee its first loss, 16-9. LSU beat visiting Mississippi A&M 50-0, and in Atlanta, Auburn beat Georgia Tech 44-0.


1908 college football season, November
In a game on Wednesday, November 10, LSU defeated Baylor, 89-0


1908 college football season, November
November 14 In a major intersectional game between two unbeaten and untied teams, Cornell (6-0-0) visited Chicago (4-0-0). Playing in a snowstorm, Cornell took the lead before the Maroons, coached by Amos Alonzo Stagg tied the game with five minutes left on a triple pass play, finishing with a 6-6 store. Pennsylvania (9-0-1) visited Michigan (5-0-1) and won 29-0. Ohio State handed visiting Vanderbilt its second loss, 17-6.


1908 college football season, November
The previously unbeaten and untied (6-0-0) Pitt lost to visiting, 6-1-1 Carlisle, falling 6-0. Navy beat Penn State, 5-0 and Army tied Washington & Jefferson, 6-6. Brown beat Vermont 12-0. At Omaha, St. Louis beat Creighton, 6-0. In the South, Tennessee edged Clemson, 6-5; Sewanee won at Georgia Tech 6-0, and Georgia and Alabama played to a 6-6 tie,


1908 college football season, November
Harvard (7-0-1) hosted Dartmouth (6-0-1) and won, 6-0. Yale (6-0-1) visited 5-1-3 Princeton before a crowd of 30,000 and won 11-6. Both Harvard and Yale stayed unbeaten, a week away from their November 21 meeting in New Haven.


1908 college football season, November
November 21 The biggest game of the season was in New Haven, Connecticut, as Harvard (8-0-1) visited Yale (7-0-1). A crowd of 35,000 turned out to watch the Crimson vs. Blue contest, and The New York Times reported on the front page the next day that the game "would have been seen by 75,000 if the Stadium could hold that many, for that number of applications was received,"  Harvard won 4-0, with Vic Kennard kicking a 25-yard field goal for the win  Pitt beat Gettysburg College 6-0.


1908 college football season, November
In intersectional games, Carlisle lost at Minnesota, 11-6, while Michigan suffered its second straight loss, losing at Syracuse, 28-4. In St. Louis, Vanderbilt defeated Washington University 28-0.


1908 college football season, November
Cornell beat visiting Trinity, 18-6. Navy defeated Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) 15-4. Army beat Villanova 25-0. Unbeaten Chicago faced unbeaten and untied (5-0-0) Wisconsin and won 18-12. St. Louis traveled to Minnesota to face Carleton College and played to a 0-0 tie. Tennessee beat Chattanooga 35-6.


1908 college football season, November
On Thanksgiving Day afternoon (November 28), a crowd of 25,000 turned out in Philadelphia to watch unbeaten Pennsylvania host unbeaten Cornell. Quarterback Albert Miller guided Pennsylvania to a 17-4 win. Though Penn "found the boys from the shores of Lake Cayuga a harder proposition than she looked for", wrote a New York Times reporter, they "closed the season without once drinking from the bitter cup of defeat, and to-night her followers are claiming at least equal rank with Harvard. ".


1908 college football season, November
Pitt fell to Penn State, 12-6. Carlisle won at St. Louis, 17-0. Carlisle would play two more games out west, a 37-6 win at Nebraska on December 2, and an 8-4 win at Denver on December 5.


1908 college football season, November
In the South, LSU finished its season unbeaten with a 36-4 win over Arkansas at Little Rock. Vanderbilt and Sewanee played to a 6-6 tie. In Montgomery, Alabama, Auburn beat Georgia, 23-0. Two days later, at their annual game, Army beat Navy, 6-4.


1908 college football season, November
On September 19, 1908, Washington & Jefferson College became the college football first team to wear numbered uniforms. The occasion was a game against Denison University.


1908 in Afghanistan
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in Afghanistan.


1908 in Afghanistan
The amir's reply to the communication informing him of the convention between England and Russia so far as it relates to Afghanistan is not made known. His attitude during the Zakka Khel and Mohmand expeditions in India is much criticized by the British, and he is blamed for not taking more effectual measures to restrain his subjects from assisting the enemy. Others, however, consider that in such matters even an amir's power is limited, and there is no reason to doubt that he has been friendly to Britain throughout and has done all that he could.


1908 in Argentine football
1908 in Argentine football saw Belgrano AC win its 3rd. title, ending a run of three consecutive championships for Alumni.


1908 in Argentine football
In International football, Argentina won Copa Newton and Copa Lipton. On 13 September 1908, in the Copa Newton game against Uruguay Argentina wore the light blue and white stripes ("Albiceleste") for the first time.


1908 in Argentine football, Primera División
The 1908 championship was reduced from 11 to 10 teams, with each team playing the other twice.


1908 in Argentine football, Argentina national team
Argentina retained both Copa Lipton and Copa Newton in 1908, although the squad was later beaten by Uruguay in the inaugural Copa Premier Honor Argentino. Argentina also embarked on a tour of Brazil in August 1908 where the team won six and drew one of the seven games played in 13 days.


1908 in Australia
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in Australia.


1908 in Australian literature
This article presents a list of the historical events and publications of Australian literature during 1908.


1908 in Australian literature, Births
A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1908 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of death.


1908 in Australian literature, Deaths
A list, ordered by date of death (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1908 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth.


1908 in Austria
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in Austria.


1908 in Belgium
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in the Kingdom of Belgium.


1908 in Brazilian football
The following article presents a summary of the 1908 football (soccer) season in Brazil, which was the 7th season of competitive football in the country.


1908 in British music
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Deb (talk | contribs) at 10:24, 17 November 2019 (Undid revision 926481742 by 63.143.205.78 (talk) - superfluous as Year in Music link is already present and box is  mostly empty). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1908 in British music
This is a summary of 1908 in music in the United Kingdom.


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Mackenzie King and U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt discuss Japanese immigration


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
To get people from "countries whose climatic conditions promise a suitable class of settlers," Canada pays bonuses to agents


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Testimonials for service Salvation Army provides for immigrants to Canada


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Lecturer describes largely American and mostly male immigration to Canada


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Visiting agricultural tour reports on Canadian wages and cost of living


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Visiting agriculturalist says Quebec's new Macdonald College will shake up "the worst farmers in Canada"


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Visiting agriculturalist finds splendid fruit-growing potential in BC's Kootenay and Okanagan valleys


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Government horticulturist W.T. Macoun advocates growing stands of trees on farms despite older farmers' antipathy toward them


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Speaker celebrates Quebec City tercentenary, praising founders and their spirit


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Brandon College principal supports right to separate religious university education


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Fort McMurray fur trader introduces visitors to her Indigenous friends


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Alberta rustlers convicted, one for rustling and one for perjury (Note: anti-Mormon comments)


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Edmonton Board of Trade's guide to road and pack trail route to Finlay River, B.C.


1908 in Canada, Historical Documents
Midwife blows cayenne pepper into woman's nose to induce sneezing and quick delivery of baby


1908 in Canadian football
The 1908 Canadian football season was the 17th season of organized play since the Canadian Rugby Union (CRU) was founded in 1892 and the 26th season since the creation of the Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU) and the Quebec Rugby Football Union (QRFU) in 1883. The season concluded with the Hamilton Tigers defeating the Toronto University team in the 1908 Dominion Championship game.


1908 in Canadian football, Canadian football news in 1908
The Calgary Rugby Foot-ball Club was re-organized as the Tigers on August 27 and adopted yellow and black as the team colours. The Calgary Rugby Football Union was formed on September 29 in the offices of the Sovereign Life Insurance Company. The Caledonia and Hillhurst Football Clubs play for the championship of the Central Alberta Rugby Football League on September 4. The Edmonton Rugby Foot-ball Club was renamed the Esquimoux on October 16. Goals from the Field were reduced to three points by the CRU.


1908 in Canadian football, Regular season, Final regular season standings
Note: GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, PF = Points For, PA = Points Against, Pts = Points


1908 in Chile
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in Chile.


1908 in Denmark
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in Denmark.


1908 in Iran
The following lists events that have happened in 1908 in the Qajar dynasty in Iran.


1908 in Italy, Events
Italian nationalism flourishes after 1908 in an uncertain and unstable international environment such as the Bosnian crisis and the First Moroccan Crisis in which colonial rivalry became intense and when alliances, such as the Triple Alliance to which Italy belonged and the Triple Entente that courted the Italians, became more fluid. Italy expected compensations in the Italia Irredenta's territories ruled by Austria-Hungary in exchange for its recognition of the annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina, as it was agreed upon in the Triple Alliance treaties with Austria-Hungary.


1908 in Japan
Events in the year 1908 in Japan. It corresponds to Meiji 41 (明治41年) in the Japanese calendar.


1908 in New Zealand
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in New Zealand.


1908 in New Zealand, Government
The 16th New Zealand Parliament concluded but the Liberal Party retained in power following the 1908 General Election in November/December


1908 in New Zealand, Arts and literature, Film
See : 1908 in film, Cinema of New Zealand, Category:1908 films


1908 in New Zealand, Sport, Boxing
The welterweight division is included in the national championships for the first time.


1908 in New Zealand, Sport, Billiards
The Auckland Sports Club, the national representative to the British Billiards Association, holds the first national championship.


1908 in Norwegian music
The following is a list of notable events and releases of the year 1908 in Norwegian music.


1908 in South Africa
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in South Africa.


1908 in Swedish football
The 1908 season in Swedish football, starting January 1908 and ending December 1908:


1908 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Ove Eriksson - Theodor Malm, Nils Andersson - Sven Olsson, Hans Lindman, Thor Ericsson - Gustaf Bergström, Erik Bergström, Erik Börjesson, Karl Gustafsson, Karl Ansén.


1908 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Oskar Bengtsson - Åke Fjästad, Theodor Malm - Sven Olsson, Hans Lindman, Thor Ericsson - Sune Almkvist, Erik Bergström, Karl Gustafsson, Olof Ohlsson, Karl Ansén.


1908 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Oskar Bengtsson - Åke Fjästad, Theodor Malm - Sven Olsson, Hans Lindman, Olof Ohlsson - Sune Almkvist, Gustaf Bergström, Karl Gustafsson, Sven Ohlsson, Karl Ansén.


1908 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Oskar Bengtsson - Åke Fjästad, Nils Andersson - Sven Olsson, Hans Lindman, Valter Lidén - Arvid Fagrell, Gustaf Bergström, Olof Ohlsson, Karl Gustafsson, Karl Ansén.


1908 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Oskar Bengtsson - Åke Fjästad, Nils Andersson - Sven Olsson, Hans Lindman, Valter Lidén - Sune Almkvist, Gustaf Bergström, Olof Ohlsson, Karl Gustafsson, Karl Ansén.


1908 in Swedish football, National team results
Sweden: Oskar Bengtsson - Åke Fjästad, Nils Andersson - Sven Olsson, Hans Lindman, Theodor Malm - Sune Almkvist, Gustaf Bergström, Sven Ohlsson, Karl Gustafsson, Karl Ansén.


1908 in Wales
This article is about the particular significance of the year 1908 to Wales and its people.


1908 in architecture
The year 1908 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.


1908 in association football
The following are the football (soccer) events of the year 1908 throughout the world.


1908 in aviation, First flights, January–June
By end of June  - Blériot VIII, undated flight of some 730 meters at Issy-les-Moulineaux before July 1


1908 in baseball
The following are the baseball events of the year 1908  throughout the world.


1908 in jazz
This is a timeline documenting events of Jazz in the year 1908.


1908 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1908.


1908 in motorsport
The following is an overview of the events of 1908 in motorsport including the major racing events, motorsport venues that were opened and closed during a year, championships and non-championship events that were established and disestablished in a year, and births and deaths of racing drivers and other motorsport people.


1908 in motorsport, Annual events
The calendar includes only annual major non-championship events or annual events that had own significance separate from the championship. For the dates of the championship events see related season articles.


1908 in music
This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1908.


1908 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1908.


1908 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1908 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1908 in rail transport
This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1908.


1908 in science
The year 1908 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.


1908 in science fiction
The year 1908 was marked, in science fiction, by the following events.


1908 in science fiction, Awards
The main science-fiction Awards known at the present time did not exist at this time.


1908 in sports
1908 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.


1908 in the Belgian Congo
The following lists events that happened during 1908 in the Belgian Congo.