1916 Calgary municipal election
The 1916 Calgary municipal election took place on December 11, 1916 to elect a Mayor to a one year term and six Aldermen on a two year term, and two Aldermen for a one year term, to sit on the thirty-second Calgary City Council. In addition, a Commissioner, four members for the Public School Board, three members for the Separate School Board, two plebiscites on single transferable vote and Daylight Savings were both on the ballot.


1916 Calgary municipal election
The seven elected Aldermen joined Aldermen Samuel Hunter Adams, Robert Colin Marshall, John McNeill, Thomas John Searle Skinner, and George Frederick Tull who were previously elected for two-year terms in 1915 to Calgary City Council.


1916 Calgary municipal election, Background
The election was held under multiple non-transferable vote where each elector was able to cast a ballot for the mayor, commissioner and six ballots for Aldermen who were elected at-large with the city as one large district.


1916 Calgary municipal election, Background
Extension of voting franchise to all residents male or female who are British subjects 21 years of age who have been residents of the city for six months prior to June 1 of the year of a municipal election. This was the first election in Calgary under full franchise.


1916 Calgary municipal election, Background
A one-year Alderman position was opened on Council following Adoniram Judson Samis' resignation to run for Commissioner. The six candidates with the most votes were elected to two year terms, while the next two highest candidates were elected to a single year term.


1916 Calgary municipal election, Background
Mayor Costello and Commissioner Graves were acclaimed upon the close of nominations on December 7, 1915.


1916 California Golden Bears football team
The 1916 California Golden Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of California, Berkeley in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1916 college football season. In their first year under head coach Andy Smith, the team compiled a 6–4–1 record (0–3 against PCC opponents), finished in last place in the PCC, and outscored its opponents by a combined total of 192 to 103.


1916 California's 10th congressional district special election
William Stephens (Progressive) resigned July 22, 1916 to become Lieutenant Governor of California.


1916 California's 10th congressional district special election
Henry S. Benedict ( Republican) was elected November 7, 1916 to finish the term.


1916 California's 10th congressional district special election
Benedict was also nominated as a Progressive for the next term, but withdrew in favor of the Republican.


1916 Campeonato Carioca
The 1916 Campeonato Carioca, the eleventh edition of that championship, kicked off on May 3, 1916 and ended on December 17, 1916. It was organized by LMSA (Liga Metropolitana de Sports Athleticos, or Metropolitan Athletic Sports League). Seven teams participated. América won the title for the 2nd time. No teams were relegated.


1916 Campeonato Carioca, System
The tournament would be disputed in a double round-robin format, with the team with the most points winning the title. The team with the fewest points would dispute a playoff against the champions of the second level.


1916 Campeonato Carioca, Championship, Second-place playoffs
The regulation also stipulated that the runners-up of the championship would also receive a trophy. Since Bangu and Botafogo tied in points for that position, they had to dispute a playoff.


1916 Campeonato Carioca, Championship, Relegation playoffs
The last-placed team, São Cristóvão, would dispute a playoff against Carioca, champions of the Second Level. São Cristóvão won the playoff, but Carioca would be promoted anyway as LMSA folded in early 1917, and the new league formed in its place, LMDT, expanded the championship to ten teams.


1916 Campeonato Paulista
In the 1916 season of the Campeonato Paulista, two championships were disputed, each by a different league.


1916 Campeonato Paulista, APSA Championship
Before the start of the championship, Scottish Wanderers was expelled from the league after it became known that the club players who studied at Mackenzie College shared the club's income, which was understood by the APSA as professionalism, which was forbidden by the league. The team was replaced by new entrants Palestra Itália and Santos. At the end of the championship, Paulistano won the title for the 4th time. the top scorer was Paulistano's Mariano with 8 goals.


1916 Campeonato Paulista, APSA Championship, System
The championship was disputed in a double-round robin system, with the team with the most points winning the title.


1916 Campeonato Paulista, LPF Championship
Corinthians returned to the LPF that year, after a disastrous passage through APSA, which imposed a number of restrictions on it, among them, forbidding it from disputing the championship, forcing it to loan some of its players to teams that were disputing the championship, and allowing it to play friendlies only against fellow APSA members (friendlies that were often purposefully delayed or cancelled). The situation threw the club into a financial crisis, and the team resorted to playing friendlies in nearby cities, cuch as Campinas and Jundiaí to raise funds.


1916 Campeonato Paulista, LPF Championship
The edition of the 1916 Campeonato Paulista organized by the LPF (Liga Paulista de Football) would be the biggest to date, with fourteen teams. However, the championship was fraught with disorganization, and by December, the league had folded with many matches yet to be played. Corinthians, unbeaten at the time of the league's folding, were declared champions, winning the title for the 2nd time. the top scorer was Corinthians's Aparício with 7 goals.


1916 Campeonato Paulista, LPF Championship, System
The championship was disputed in a single-round robin system, with the team with the most points winning the title.


1916 Canadian census
The 1916 Canadian census was the second of a series of special censuses conduced by the Government of Canada covering the rapidly expanding Northwest Provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. These censuses were conducted every ten years from 1906 to 1946. This census was conducted as at June 1, 1916.


1916 Canadian census
It was the ninth census for Manitoba and the third census for Saskatchewan and Alberta. Three documents, known as schedules, were used to collect data: Schedule 1 for Population; Schedule 2 for Farm Property, Field Crops, Animals and Animal Products; and Schedule 3 for Domestic Animals, Dairy Products. Information for 1,686,666 individuals was collected by enumerators as follows:Manitoba 548,831; Saskatchewan 642,484; Alberta 495,351.


1916 Canadian census
The entire population of Canada for 1916 was estimated at 8,001,000, an increase of 0.3% over the previous year.


1916 Canadian census
The paper records of responses were microfilmed and the original paper forms were destroyed. Only Schedule 1 was preserved. The microfilm has since been scanned and converted into a series of images which are now available online at the Library and Archives Canada web site.


1916 Canadian census
The previous census was the nationwide 1911 census and the following census was the nationwide 1921 census.


1916 Canton Bulldogs season
The 1916 Canton Bulldogs season was their eighth season in the Ohio League. The team finished 9-0-1 to clinch their first sole league title.


1916 Carlisle Indians football team
The 1916 Carlisle Indians football team represented the Carlisle Indians football team of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School during the 1916 college football season.


1916 Case football team
The 1916 Case Scientists football team represented the Case Institute of Technology during the 1916 college football season. The team compiled a 5–5 record and outscored their opponents 158 to 145.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal
The 1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal (Irish: Bonn Comórtha Céad Bliain) is a military decoration awarded by the Government of Ireland to personnel of the Irish Defence Forces who served in 2016 to honour the legacy of continued service by the military to the state since its foundation and in recognition for the role they played to commemorate 100 years since the 1916 Easter Rising.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background
The Centenary Commemorative Medal was awarded to all Permanent and Reserve personnel of the Defence Forces in December 2016 in acknowledgement for the ceremonial role played by Óglaigh na hÉireann across all aspects of the centenary commemorations programme. The medal is based on the 1916 Medal which was awarded to those who rendered recognised military service during the week of 23 April 1916.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background
The project to deliver a National Flag to all primary schools in the Republic of Ireland was conducted between September 2015 and March 2016 and involved 10,000 Defence Forces personnel visiting 3,200 schools and presenting them with a handmade National Flag and a copy of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background
The Easter Rising centenary parade at the General Post Office, Dublin (GPO) included 2,800 members of the Defence Forces and a display of military equipment, vehicles and aircraft watched by over 750,000 people lining the streets of Dublin. Also as part of the 2016 State Centenary Programme, the Defence Forces raised the National Flag on O'Connell Street every day in 2016.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background
13 parades were held to award the 1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal to all members of the Defence Forces. The first medals were presented by President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins and members of the government at a state ceremony in Dublin Castle on 4 December 2016, as part of the Centenary programme. This was followed by 12 regional events at selected military installations nationwide presided over by Minister Paul Kehoe.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background, Medal Design
The medal is a dark bronze alloy 35 mm in diameter, fashioned (after the manner of the official Defence Forces crest) in the form of a circle of flame representing the sunburst on which eight points of a star are superimposed. The letters 'I' and 'V' are embossed on the left and right of centre of the sunburst, denoting Irish Volunteer. On the reserve side shall be inscribed the dates '1916–2016' with seven diamonds, representing the seven signatories of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background, Medal Ribbon
The ribbon is 5 cm in length and is 31 mm wide with 1 x 14 mm wide green stripe, 1 x 3 mm white stripe and 1 x 14 mm orange stripe.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background, Suspension
The ribbon hangs from a bronze alloy pin-back brooch in which bears a Celtic interlace design.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background, Service Bar
The bar which is joined to the suspender bears the inscription Cuimhnig Ar 1916 which is translated 'Remember 1916' with a St Brendan's Knot at either side.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background, Eligibility
The Minister may award the medal to members of the Permanent Defence Forces, members of the Reserve Defence Forces, members of the Army Nursing Service and members of the Chaplaincy Service who are in service at any time during the period 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2016 inclusive. Members of the Defence Forces, Army Nursing Service and Chaplaincy Service who die in service in the year 2016 will be eligible for the award of the medal.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background, Posthumous Awards
A posthumous award may be awarded to one member of the family of the deceased person.


1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal, Background, Order of Precedence
The 1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal will be worn in order of precedence after the United Nations Peacekeepers Medal and the International Operational Service Medal (if applicable) and before any UN, NATO/PfP or EU medal.


1916 Central Michigan Normalites football team
The 1916 Central Michigan Normalites football team represented Central Michigan Normal School, later renamed Central Michigan University, as an independent during the 1916 college football season. In their first and only season under head coach Blake Miller, the Central Michigan football team compiled a 1–5 record and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 139 to 39. The team played only three intercollegiate games, losing twice to Alma College (0–39, 0–44) and once to the Michigan Agricultural frosh team (0–14). The team's only victory was by a 39–0 score against West Branch High School.


1916 Charleston hurricane
The 1916 Charleston hurricane was a tropical cyclone that impacted parts of the Southeastern United States in July 1916. Torrential rainfall associated with the storm as it moved inland led to the Great Flood of 1916: a prolific and destructive flood event affecting portions of the southern Blue Ridge Mountains. This flood accounted for most of the damage and fatalities associated with the hurricane; most of these occurred in North Carolina The hurricane was first detected as a tropical storm 560 mi (900 km) east of Miami, Florida on July 11.


1916 Charleston hurricane
It took an unusually straightforward path towards the Carolinas and strengthened into a hurricane on July 12. The storm's peak sustained winds of 115 mph (185 km/h)—equivalent to a modern-day Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale—were attained on July 13. It made landfall near Charleston, South Carolina, the next morning, and weakened as it continued inland before losing its tropical cyclone status on July 15 over western North Carolina.


1916 Charleston hurricane
The swath of the hurricane's wind impacts in South Carolina was tightly concentrated around the hurricane's center due to its small size at landfall. The damage in Charleston was widespread but not severe, with most of the damage limited to the downed trees, minor roof and water damage to homes, and shipping damage. Crop damage was severe elsewhere along the coast and farther inland, with a 75–90 percent loss of crops reported north of Charleston along the Santee River.


1916 Charleston hurricane
Although the hurricane's winds had tapered off by the time the storm reached North Carolina, the combination of orographic lift and saturated soils induced by an earlier hurricane led to copious rainfall and record-breaking river flooding that began in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains and continued downstream on both sides of the Appalachians. The French Broad River nearly doubled its previous stage record at Asheville, North Carolina, where the floods destroyed numerous buildings. Widespread was also wrought to crops, railways, and other infrastructure in the region by the flood-widened rivers. The flooding killed at least 80 people and caused approximately $21 million in damage.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Meteorological history
The 1916 Charleston hurricane was the fourth tropical cyclone of the 1916 Atlantic hurricane season. The Weather Bureau noted that it was the first July hurricane on record to originate from near the Bahamas and strike the South Atlantic U.S. coast. While most storms in this region tend to curve towards the northeast upon tracking into higher latitudes, the hurricane took a direct path into the Appalachian Mountains where it would ultimately dissipate. This unusual track was the result of a high pressure area over the Northeastern United States preventing the storm from progressing poleward.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Meteorological history
The first point entry for the system in HURDAT lists the cyclone as beginning as a tropical storm on July 11, centered approximately 560 mi (900 km) east of Miami, Florida. Although the Weather Bureau was cognizant of the tropical cyclone's nature, there were no observations of gale-force winds or low corresponding air pressures at the time. A vessel on July 12 near , approximately 50 mi (80 km) south of Charleston, South Carolina, provided the first direct report attesting to the tropical cyclone's presence with observed winds reaching gale-force for the first time. The storm's maximum sustained winds increased as it moved northwest; the storm had intensified into a hurricane by 18:00 UTC on July 12. Intensification continued the next day as the hurricane took a more northward trajectory towards the coast of South Carolina.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Meteorological history
At 18:00 UTC on July 13, the hurricane attained its peak winds of 115 mph (185 km/h), making it equivalent to a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale. These winds were estimated by a reanalysis of the storm conducted by the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) conducted in 2008, which used a peripheral observed pressure of 961 mbar (hPa; 28.38 inHg) from the ship Hector; the highest maritime winds observed contemporaneously reached only 80 mph (130 km/h).


1916 Charleston hurricane, Meteorological history
The hurricane held its peak intensity for at least six hours before weakening slightly on its final approach to the South Carolina coast. The hurricane made landfall on Bulls Bay between Charleston, South Carolina, and McClellanville, South Carolina, at around 08:00 UTC on July 14 with maximum sustained winds of 110 mph (175 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of approximately 960 mbar (hPa; 28.35 inHg); this made the storm the equivalent of a high-end Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale at landfall. The 2008 reanalysis noted that the hurricane may have been stronger than their estimates at landfall.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Meteorological history
The radius of maximum winds spanned an estimated 23 mi (37 km). At Charleston, the air pressure bottomed out at 983 mb (29.03 inHg) as the center of the hurricane moved nearby. After moving inland, the storm's winds diminished; they fell below hurricane-force by 18:00 UTC on July 14. The next day, the center of the weakening system crossed into North Carolina. The system was last noted in HURDAT as a tropical depression at 18:00 UTC on July 15 within southwestern North Carolina, after which its remnants diffused over the mountainous region.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
The Weather Bureau described the hurricane as having "unusual severity, though its path of destructiveness was comparatively narrow." There were few clear indications of the storm's approach up to the afternoon prior to the hurricane's landfall on July 13, with tides ahead of the storm only slightly exceeding predicted heights. Warnings were first issued by the bureau on July 12 upon notice of low air pressures from vessels off the Southeastern U.S. The coverage of warnings extended towards the north from their initial issuance as pressures continued to fall along the coast.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
At their final extents, a hurricane warning ultimately encompassed the U.S. Atlantic coast between Tybee Island, Georgia and Georgetown, South Carolina, while storm warnings were in effect for other coastal stretches between Jacksonville, Florida, and Fort Monroe, Virginia. Within these areas, ships were secured in their harbors and ships at sea were forced to divert to safety. A bulletin issued by the bureau described the storm as possessing "considerable intensity" near the South Carolina coast with peak winds of 64 mph (103 km/h).


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
Most people on Tybee Island evacuated to Savannah once strong winds and high waves began battering the exposed community; parts of the island became submerged as the storm passed nearby on the night of July 13, though the resulting damage was insignificant. Trains departing Tybee Island for the mainland traversed miles-long stretches of floodwaters roughly 1 ft (0.30 m) deep. Hundreds of people evacuated to Charleston, South Carolina, from nearby coastal resorts. The buoy tender Cypress evacuated 450 people from Sullivan's Island to Charleston.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
Ferry and trolley service connecting Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, with nearby islands was stopped on July 13 after wire-bearing poles were brought down by the hurricane. Downed communications lines in McClellanville and Yonges Island in South Carolina prevented dissemination of the hurricane warnings to those locales; couriers dispatched in lieu of telecommunications were unable to deliver the warning information as a result of deteriorating conditions.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
The hurricane buffeted Savannah, Georgia, with gale-force winds as it approached the coast. A pilot boat was driven ashore and heavily damaged at Tybee Island. A fisherman off the island was carried out to sea and later drowned after the ship sank. Another four people were rescued in Tybee Inlet after their boat sank. The rough surf kicked up by the storm disrupted communications with Sullivan's Island. The trestle of the railway connecting the island to the mainland sustained enough damage to halt service, but the hurricane's impacts on the island were otherwise light.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
The damage on the Isle of Palms, South Carolina, was also minor. Fringe effects from the storm were also felt in parts of southeastern North Carolina and inland South Carolina as the storm made landfall. In Charlotte, North Carolina, winds from the storm topped out at 56 mph (90 km/h). The high tide at Wilmington, North Carolina, rose to near record levels as a result of the nearby hurricane. Off Beaufort, North Carolina, the loss of two barges prompted a search-and-rescue operation.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
The city of Charleston sustained damage from the storm and early reports indicated three deaths in the city and its environs, though the overall damage was described in media reports as not being particularly severe; the damage in the city and surrounding areas amounted to less than $100,000. Roadways in the Charleston Battery were first inundated by storm surge on the night of July 13 as waves began to overtop the surrounding seawalls. Tides ultimately rose to 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) higher than normal, placing parts of the Battery under up to 2 ft (0.61 m) of water.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
Five fires were also sparked during the morning of the hurricane's landfall. Moderate gales continued in Charleston until the night of July 14–15. Damage to shipping was reported in the Charleston area; some small boats sank at their wharves, though most took minor damage. Barges in the Charleston Harbor were set adrift. Offshore, the collier Hector was dealt a heavy blow by the hurricane, prompting the transmission of distress signals; all of her crew were rescued by the Cypress and a tug. The highest observed wind in the city was 64 mph (103 km/h) sustained over a five-minute period.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
A peak gust of 76 mph (122 km/h) was also recorded on the night of July 13–14, and rainfall accumulation associated with the hurricane reached 4.33 in (110 mm). However, gusts up to 106 mph (171 km/h) were estimated to have battered the area. Most homes in Charleston sustained minor roof and water damage. The high winds also brought down signs and broke plateglass windows. Electric power was shut down during the storm before being restored on the afternoon of July 14; one person was electrocuted by a live electric wire.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
Telegraph and telephone service in Charleston was knocked out of commission with the storm's winds bringing down communications wires connecting the city with surrounding areas, including the loss of service to some 1,500 telephones; communications were reestablished after a few hours. The principal markers of the hurricane's impacts in Charleston were the hundreds of trees downed by strong winds. The city's streetcars were brought to a halt by the obstructing debris.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
Crop damage characterized most of the impacts between Charleston and the Edisto River. Along the coast of South Carolina north of Charleston, the damage was more severe. An estimated 75–90 percent of crops were lost in the areas north of Charleston around McClellanville and the Santee River; the Weather Bureau estimated that storm surge inundation resulted in millions of dollars in damage to standing timber and crops. Flooding rendered large tracts of crops a total loss around McClellanville. Within the town, the inundation was 4–5 ft (1.2–1.5 m) deep and left behind dead animals and sedge.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
Poorly-constructed homes were toppled and nearly all trees in McClellanville were uprooted. The destruction of barns led to high livestock casualties. In Georgetown, South Carolina, damage was most marked to trees and shacks; the damage toll there was approximately $25,000. A yacht and several smaller ships at the city sank. Five people were presumed dead following the loss of a barge south of Cape Romain; three bodies later washed ashore. The barge was accompanied by a second barge that also wrecked, though the crew survived.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
In total, the wreckage of the Hector and the two barges—the only three incidents at sea—represented over $500,000 in damage. There was significant property damage in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, where windows were shattered and beach outhouses were razed. Near-total losses to corn, fruit, and tobacco were reported between Myrtle Beach and Conway, South Carolina, in Horry County. Damage from the hurricane's winds and rain continued into inland South Carolina. High winds fully or partially unroofed homes and felled fences and trees in and around Sumter, South Carolina. One person was killed by a falling tree in Lynchburg, South Carolina.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Landfall area
Most of the damage in Sumter County, South Carolina, was dealt to corn and tobacco crops beaten down by the wind; both crops were at critical junctures in their respective agricultural cycles. Cotton also sustained heavy losses. The Sumter Daily Item, a local newspaper, was unable to publish a daily issue for the first time since its establishment. Downed trees and wires were numerous in the Florence, South Carolina, area, including nearby Dartlington where the hurricane was the most severe in years.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916
A prolific and highly damaging flood event—known locally as the Great Flood of 1916—commenced in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains and Piedmont as the storm moved and decayed inland. The floods inflicted $21 million in damage and claimed an unknown number of lives, though several dozens of fatalities are estimated to have occurred in the Asheville, North Carolina, area; this scale of the devastation was unmatched by prior events. The Weather Bureau noted that the precise number of fatalities would never be known, but compiled a death toll of 80 people.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916
The severity of the floods was supported by the atypical track taken by the hurricane directly into the mountainous region and preceding heavy rainfall in the region caused by the remnants of a hurricane earlier in the month. This antecedent rainfall saturated the fertile Appalachian soils, priming the region for intense surface runoff and landslides. The unusual track brought moisture towards the mountain slopes, where they condensed and precipitated upon the saturated grounds. An estimated 80–90 percent of rainfall was not absorbed and became surface runoff, serving as the catalyst for unprecedented river flooding.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
Rainfall accumulations between 10–24 in (250–610 mm) were recorded in the watersheds of the Broad and Catawba rivers along the slopes of the Appalachian Mountains between July 14–18. A peak rainfall accumulation of 23.22 in (590 mm) was recorded near Altapass, North Carolina; of this total, 22.22 in (564 mm) fell in a 24-hour period between July 15–16, setting a national record-high 24-hour rainfall total. This measurement remains the state record for 24-hour rainfall. Another station in McDowell County measured 19 in (480 mm) of rain on July 16.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
The rains in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina and across western and southern sections of the state between July 15–16 was unprecedented. The Weather Bureau remarked that "In some respects it was the most extraordinary rainfall of which there is any authentic record in this country." Numerous streams greatly exceeded previous record high water marks; the French Broad River at Asheville more than doubled the height of its previous flood stage record while the Catawba River at Mount Holly nearly doubled it. Extensive destruction occurred as the rivers expanded past their banks. The Weather Bureau designated areas in three classes based on the extent of damage; Burke, Caldwell, McDowell, Polk, Rutherford, Transylvania, and Wilkes counties  in North Carolina comprised Class A, which described the most seriously impacted counties.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
Charlotte, North Carolina, recorded 5.04 in (128 mm) of rain in 24 hours, setting an all-time 24-hour rainfall record. Gusty winds and heavy rain began to affect the city on July 13, with gusts above 50 mph (80 km/h) damaging storefronts, uprooting trees, and tearing away awnings and signage. The rain continued for two more days, causing a flood that inundated homes and stores. However, it was surge of water from the excessive rains upstream along the Catawba River that ultimately brought the greatest impacts to the Charlotte area.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
The Catawba River crested at a record 45.5 ft (13.9 m), some 22.5 ft (6.9 m) above the previous record set in 1908; the 1908 flood had previously been considered the most severe flood in the South Atlantic states. The margin between the water levels reached in 1916 compared to the previous 1908 record diminished downstream but remained record-setting. The high volume of water caused the river to expand; following the 1916 flood, the Catawba River would be 50 ft (15 m) wider at moderate stage than prior to the flood.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
The floods destroyed bridges, mills, crops, railways, and roads; the flooding of roads disrupted traffic for several weeks. Farms in Burke, Caldwell, Catawba, and McDowell counties were swept bare. Hydroelectric power plants and concrete dams along the river sustained thousands of dollars in damage. While most cotton mills remained standing, they were nonetheless ruined by intruding floodwaters; the destruction of cotton warehouses cemented the significant blow to the cotton industry. Railroads sustained particularly heavy losses due to the floods. Near Mount Holly, thousands of people gathered on two railway bridges to observe the river's rise.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
These bridges later succumbed to the force of the floodwaters, forcing the onlookers to flee to safety. All bridges along the Southern Railway between Statesville, North Carolina, and Asheville collapsed, which in addition to numerous washouts left passengers marooned for days. Eighteen people were killed in Mayesworth, North Carolina, after a Southern Railway bridge collapsed.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
Over 10 in (250 mm) of rain fell throughout the upper French Broad River watershed, with much of that rain falling within 24 hours. The river rapidly rose to an estimated crest of 23.1 ft (7.0 m), accompanied by a flow rate nearly seven times the average annual peak. The nearby Swannanoa River reached a crest of 20.7 ft (6.3 m) with a flow rate over six times the average annual peak. The Asheville area, crossed by the French Broad and Swannanoa rivers, was heavily impacted by flooding.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
The French Broad River near Asheville had remained at high levels throughout the week preceding the hurricane-fueled rains. Asheville itself was located outside of the heaviest rainfall but was subject to river flooding induced by the upstream rainfall. The first news reports of the city's impending flood came on the afternoon of July 15, when the headwaters of the Swannanoa River rose to flood stage. The flooding reached Asheville by the morning of July 16, destroying buildings, disrupting electric and gas distribution, and placing much of the city underwater.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
The French Broad River rose rapidly after July 16, and at Asheville the estimated crest was 21 ft (6.4 m). While the banks of the river were ordinarily 381 ft (116 m) across at Asheville (associated with a 4.4 ft (1.3 m) flood stage, the floods bloated the river to about 1,300 ft (400 m) across. The rise of the French Broad River razed hundreds of homes and destroyed other adjacent establishments. In some cases, the floodwaters reached the second stories of buildings. All riverside industrial plants took on major flooding.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, North Carolina
Riverside Park—once a popular amusement park along the river's banks—was destroyed. All three bridges crossing the river in Asheville were also destroyed. At the entrance of the Biltmore Estate, floodwaters stood 9 ft (2.7 m) deep. Floods upstream of the city destroyed dams, wiping out Asheville's hydropower supply. The dam failures also precipitated the flash flood event that impacted the city.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, Elsewhere
The freshet of the excessive North Carolina rains was primarily directed toward South Carolina- and Tennessee-bound rivers while rivers draining into the Atlantic through North Carolina did not experience significant floods. The Santee River and its tributaries experienced one of the most destructive and prolonged floods in its history. Several river gauges measured water levels far exceeding previous records, and a continuous supply of upstream runoff prolonged the elevated water levels. The downstream surge of excess waters blew apart steel railroad and highway bridges within the Santee River system. At its maximum width, the inundation spanned 3–5 mi (4.8–8.0 km).


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, Elsewhere
Floods also occurred in the basins of the Black, Lynches, and Pee Dee rivers. The torrential rains and saturated soils ruined crops and resulted in widespread agricultural losses. Roughly 700,000 acres (280,000 hectares) of crops were affected. Many cattle and horses were also swept away. Rivers flowing west into Tennessee from the Blue Ridge Mountains flooded severely. The Tennessee River briefly rose into flood stage at Knoxville, Tennessee, and Chattanooga, Tennessee, as a result of the rains in the river's upper tributaries; at Knoxville the river rose 18 ft (5.5 m) above flood stage.


1916 Charleston hurricane, Preparations, impact, and aftermath, Great Flood of 1916, Elsewhere
Floods in Newport, Tennessee, forced people to evacuate their homes. The Weather Bureau in 1916 conservatively estimated a $10.3 million damage toll attributable to the floods in the Santee and Pee Dee River basins, with an additional $400,000 in property damage mitigated by the agency's warnings. Of the damage toll, $3.2 million was inflicted in South Carolina and $2 million was inflicted in Tennessee. The New River also carried a surge of floodwaters into Virginia; at Radford, Virginia, the river crested at an estimated 32 ft (9.8 m), some 18 ft (5.5 m) above flood stage, after washing away the flood gauge.


1916 Chattanooga Moccasins football team
The 1916 Chattanooga Moccasins football team represented the University of Chattanooga during the 1916 college football season. It was the football program's ninth year  of intercollegiate college football, located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The team was just starting and were a part of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association.


1916 Chester by-election
The Chester by-election of 1916 for the United Kingdom constituency was held on 29 February 1916. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, Robert Yerburgh. It was won by the Conservative candidate Sir Owen Philipps, who had previously been a Liberal MP. Phillips was unopposed.


1916 Chesterton by-election
The Chesterton by-election, 1916 was a parliamentary by-election held for the House of Commons constituency of the Chesterton or Western Division of Cambridgeshire  on 20 January 1916.


1916 Chesterton by-election, Vacancy
The by-election was caused by the re-appointment of the sitting Liberal MP, the Rt. Hon. Edwin Montagu as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Montagu had held this post briefly in 1915 but was replaced after three months by Winston Churchill on the formation of H H Asquith’s  wartime coalition government. At that time he became Financial Secretary to the Treasury a post he had previously held in 1914-15. He now continued to hold the post of Financial Secretary as well as that of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. However under the Parliamentary rules of the day had to resign and fight a by-election.


1916 Chesterton by-election, Candidates
Montagu was re-selected to fight the seat by his local Liberal Association and as the wartime truce between the political parties was in operation no opposing candidate was nominated against him.


1916 Chesterton by-election, The result
There being no other candidates putting themselves forward Montagu was returned unopposed.


1916 Chicago Cubs season
The 1916 Chicago Cubs season was the 45th season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 41st in the National League and the 1st at Wrigley Field (then known as "Weeghman Park"). The Cubs finished fifth in the National League with a record of 67–86.


1916 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Chicago Maroons football team
The 1916 Chicago Maroons football team was an American football team that represented the University of Chicago during the 1916 college football season. In their 25th season under head coach Amos Alonzo Stagg, the Maroons compiled a 3–4 record, finished in fourth place in the Western Conference, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 110 to 65.


1916 Chicago Maroons football team
In the first game of the season, Carleton College traveled to Chicago and beat the Maroons 7-0 in a shocking upset.


1916 Chicago White Sox season
The 1916 Chicago White Sox finished second in the American League, just two games behind the first-place Boston Red Sox. By this time, the nucleus of the 1917–19 dynasty was in place. Chicago would win the World Series the following season.


1916 Chicago White Sox season, Regular season
This was Shoeless Joe Jackson's first full season with the White Sox. He led the team in batting with a .341 average and finished third in the league overall. Eddie Collins and Happy Felsch also hit .300. The pitching staff was well-balanced, with seven men making at least 14 starts.


1916 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Chinese vice-presidential election
The 1916 Chinese vice-presidential by-election were a by-election held on 30 October 1916 in Beijing for the Vice President of China due to the vacancy left by incumbent Li Yuanhong as he replaced Yuan Shikai as president after Yuan's sudden death. Feng Guozhang of the Zhili clique won over Lu Rongting of the Old Guangxi Clique in the election.


1916 Cincinnati Bearcats football team
The 1916 Cincinnati Bearcats football team was an American football team that represented the University of Cincinnati as a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference during the 1916 college football season. In their first season under head coach Ion Cortright, the Bearcats compiled a 0–8–1 record (0–6–1 against conference opponents). Harold Altamer was the team captain. The team played its home games at Carson Field in Cincinnati.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season
The 1916 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball. The team finished tied for seventh and last place in the National League with the St. Louis Cardinals. Both teams finished with a record of 60–93, 33½ games behind the Brooklyn Robins


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Off-season
In December, the Reds purchased shortstop Larry Kopf from the Philadelphia Phillies. In 1915, Kopf's first season getting regular playing time at the major league level, batted .225 with one home run and 33 RBI in 118 games. Later in the month, Cincinnati purchased the contracts of Federal League players Earl Moseley from the Newark Peppers, and second baseman Baldy Louden from the Buffalo Blues. Moseley had a 15–15 record and a league-best 1.91 ERA with the Pepper in 1915, while Louden batted .281 with four home runs and 48 RBI, and stole 30 bases with the Blues.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Off-season
In early 1916, the Reds purchased first baseman Hal Chase from the Buffalo Blues of the Federal League. Chase led the league with 17 home runs in 1915, and batted .289 and also had 89 RBI in 145 games. Chase had a lot of previous experience in the American League, playing for the New York Yankees and Chicago White Sox from 1905 until 1914. Cincinnati then purchased the contract of shortstop Bob Fisher from the Chicago Cubs. Fisher batted .287 with five home runs and 53 RBI in 147 games, and led the National League with 42 sacrifice bunts.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Off-season
On February 10, the club announced more purchased contracts from the Federal League, as Cincinnati acquired pitchers Jim Bluejacket from the Brooklyn Tip-Tops and Al Schulz from the Buffalo Blues, and first baseman Emil Huhn from the Newark Peppers. Bluejacket had a record of 10–11 with a 3.15 ERA in 24 games with the Tip-Tops, while Schulz was 21–14 with a 3.08 ERA in 42 games with the Blues, striking out 168 batters, throwing 25 complete games, and he led the league with 149 walks. Huhn batted .227 with a home run and 41 RBI in 127 games with the Pepper.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Early in the season, the Reds purchased the contract of pitcher Elmer Knetzer from the Boston Braves. Knetzer was acquired by Cincinnati on April 30, after he struggled in his first two games with Boston, going 0–2 with a 7.20 ERA. He would split his games with the Reds as a starting pitcher and reliever.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
On July 20, with a record of 34–49 and in last place in the league, the Reds traded player-manager Buck Herzog and outfielder Red Killefer to the New York Giants for starting pitcher Christy Mathewson, third baseman Bill McKechnie and outfielder Edd Roush. Mathewson, who had struggled with the Giants in 1916, had a 3–4 record with a 2.33 ERA in 12 games. He would announce his retirement and become the Reds manager, however, Mathewson would appear in one game with Cincinnati as a starting pitcher. This would be Mathewson's first time as a manager. McKechnie had a .246 batting average with no home runs and 17 RBI at the time of the trade, while Roush was batting .188 with no home runs and five RBI in 39 games.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season, Season summary
After a solid 5–2 start in their first seven games, in which the Reds were in first place, the club struggled badly and by the middle of May, they were under .500 and falling out of the pennant race. On July 20, with a record of 34–49, the club was involved in a deal that centered on player manager Buck Herzog being traded to the New York Giants for Christy Mathewson. Mathewson announced his retirement from playing, and following a double header in which catcher Ivey Wingo was the interim manager, Mathewson took over.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season, Season summary
The Reds continued to struggle under Mathewson, remaining in last place, until a three-game winning streak at the end of the season moved the team into seventh place tie with the St. Louis Cardinals. Cincinnati finished the season 60–93, which included a 25–43 record under Mathewson, and were 33.5 games behind the first place Brooklyn Robins. This marked the seventh consecutive season that the team finished under .500.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season, Season summary
Offensively, the team was led by Hal Chase, who led the Reds with a .339 batting average, four home runs, 82 RBI and 22 stolen bases in 142 games. He led the National League in batting average, and hits with 184. Outfielder Tommy Griffith had a solid year, batting .266 with two home runs and 61 RBI in 155 games, while Edd Roush, acquired in the middle of the season, had a solid .287 average with 15 RBI and 15 stolen bases in 69 games.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season, Season summary
On the mound, Fred Toney led the club with a 14–17 record and a team best 2.28 ERA in 41 games, pitching 300 innings, striking out 146 batters and completing 21 games. Twenty year old Pete Schneider showed much potential, despite a poor 10–19 record, he had a 2.69 ERA in 44 games. Clarence Mitchell was 11–10 with a 3.24 ERA in 29 games in his first full season with the club.


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1916 Clemson Tigers football team represented the Clemson Tigers of Clemson Agricultural College during the 1916 college football season. Under first year head coach Wayne Hart, the team posted a 3–6 record. S. S. Major was the captain. Stumpy Banks caught two touchdowns against rival South Carolina.


1916 Cleveland Indians (NFL) season
The 1916 Cleveland Indians season was their first season in existence. The team played in the Ohio League and would go on to post an 8-3-1 record.


1916 Cleveland Indians season
The 1916 Cleveland Indians season was a season in American baseball. The team finished sixth in the American League with a record of 77–77, 14 games behind the Boston Red Sox.


1916 Cleveland Indians season, Regular season, Roster
Beginning June 26, the Indians pioneered the use of uniform numbers on their home uniform jerseys, the first team to do so in the MLB, the numbers were used up till the 1917 season. Uniform numbers, through, were not worn on the away uniforms.


1916 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Cleveland Indians season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Cochinchina uprising
The 1916 Cochinchina uprising was a series of defiant protests and attempted revolts in February against the French authority of southern Vietnam, which had been the colony of Cochinchina since 1862.


1916 Cochinchina uprising
The organization and motivation of the uprisings were unclear, since many different organizations of Vietnamese revolutionaries with different ideologies were involved. Some were supporters of the  mystic and geomancer Phan Xich Long, who had claimed to be a descendant of the boy Emperor Hàm Nghi, who had been deposed by the French for attempting a revolt with the aim of securing independence some three decades earlier. Long had been imprisoned three years earlier after declaring himself Emperor and attempting to storm Saigon with the help some purported magic potion to restore the monarchy. Long's supporters sought his release from jail.


1916 Cochinchina uprising
There were also a loose alliance of secret organizations from the provinces in the Mekong Delta region. The centre of the planning appeared to be the Nui Cam Pagoda in Châu Đốc, while many participants also appeared to have been sympathisers and affiliates of Prince Cường Để, who was living in exile. Cường Để was a direct descendant of Emperor Gia Long, who founded the Nguyễn Dynasty in 1802. Cường Để was a descendant of Gia Long's eldest son Prince Cảnh, but Canh died of smallpox before his father, so the succession passed to Emperor Minh Mạng and his descendants. A later report from the Governor General of French Indochina to the French Minister of Colonies asserted that Cường Để was the "chef occulte" of the rising, through the actions of his "most loyal partisans and most active agents in Cochinchina".


1916 Cochinchina uprising
The centrepiece of the plot was to seize the central prison of Saigon, in order to facilitate the release of Phan Xich Long and many other revolutionaries who had been imprisoned. This would also have provided access to the French armoury and their firearms, which would have given an upgrade to the firepower of the Vietnamese, who were armed with spears and machetes. The prison was also viewed among the populace as a symbol of the hated French colonial rule, so its capture was intended to provide a psychological boost to foment the general public into joining the uprising.


1916 Cochinchina uprising
On February 14, 1916, around three hundred men landed at Saigon's waterfront and began to move in groups towards the penitentiary, shouting slogans as they marched. However, some of the groups came across police patrols, and retreated back towards the piers after being fired upon with pistols. The groups that did reach the prison found the gates securely protected, and retreated chaotically. Despite the failure to capture the jail, many areas in the Mekong Delta proceeded with their planned actions against the French.


1916 Cochinchina uprising
At Bien Hoa, on the northern outskirts of Saigon, a revolt was attempted at the local jail. In Thủ Dầu Một, another town northwest of Saigon, a march towards Saigon was planned, but was quickly dispersed by the authorities. At Bến Tre to the south in the Mekong Delta, a march by villagers resulted in the burning and destruction of the local archives and registers offices. After French authorities broke up the march, the participants retreated and began to attack any Vietnamese collaborators that they could lay their hands on.


1916 Cochinchina uprising
At Vũng Tàu, a port town to the southeast of Saigon, an armed group made a failed attempt to seize the military post. In Vĩnh Long in the delta, the Nghia Hoa society led a protest march to the office of the local French administrator, while a group that had come north from Cần Thơ with the intention of joining them was forcibly dispersed before reaching their destination. A bomb was uncovered in Mỹ Tho, while the town of Long Xuyên in the far south saw ransackings and kidnappings for ransom. In the town of Tây Ninh, on the western border with Cambodia, an armed rebel unit led by the self-proclaimed General Vuong Van Le briefly patrolled the surrounding areas.


1916 Cochinchina uprising
The French community in Cochinchina was taken aback by the revolt that had occurred and demanded a strong response from the colonial authorities. Hundreds of Vietnamese were quickly apprehended, and summary justice was dispensed by a French War Council. Eventually, 51 people were put to death and an unknown number of dissidents were jailed. Despite some criticism back in France about the severity of the reaction, the local authorities prevailed in implementing their strong response.


1916 Cockermouth by-election
The Cockermouth by-election of 1916 was held on 2 March 1916. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Liberal MP, Sir Wilfrid Lawson, 3rd Baronet, of Brayton. It was won by the Liberal candidate Joseph Bliss, who was unopposed.


1916 Colgate football team
The 1916 Colgate football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University as an independent during the 1916 college football season. In its fifth and final season under head coach Laurence Bankart, the team compiled an 8–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 218 to 30. Clarence Horning was the team captain. The team played its home games on Whitnall Field in Hamilton, New York.


1916 College Football All-America Team
The 1916 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1916 college football season. The only selectors for the 1916 season who have been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are Walter Camp, whose selections were published in Collier's Weekly, the International News Service (INS), a newswire founded by William Randolph Hearst, and the Frank Menke Syndicate.


1916 College Football All-America Team
Although not recognized by the NCAA, many other sports writers, newspapers, and coaches selected All-America teams in 1916. They include the United Press, Walter Eckersall (for the Chicago Daily Tribune), Paul Purman, Fielding H. Yost, and The Boston Post.


1916 College Football All-Southern Team
The 1916 College Football All-Southern Team consists of American football players selected to the College Football All-Southern Teams selected by various organizations in 1916.


1916 College Football All-Southern Team
Georgia Tech posted the best SIAA record, and tied for the championship with Tennessee. Graham Vowell, Pup Phillips, and Irby Curry were selected for Walter Camp's third-team All-American. Both Curry and Tommy Spence would die in France serving the United States in the First World War.


1916 College Football All-Southern Team, Composite team
The composite All-Southern team formed by the selection of 4 newspapers included:


1916 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
C = received at least one selection from a composite of 4 newspapers: The Atlanta Constitution, The Birmingham Age-Herald, The Knoxville Journal and Tribune, and The Nashville Tennessean.


1916 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
DJ = Dick Jemison of the Atlanta Constitution. He had an "All-Southern" and an "All-SIAA" selection. The only difference was switching Eben Wortham at halfback for Folger.


1916 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
H = John Heisman, coach at Georgia Institute of Technology.


1916 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
HS = Hugh Sparrow, sporting editor for the Birmingham Ledger.


1916 Colne Valley by-election
The Colne Valley by-election, 1916 was a parliamentary by-election held on 25 August 1916 for the House of Commons constituency of Colne Valley, in the West Riding of Yorkshire.


1916 Colne Valley by-election, Vacancy
The by-election was caused by the disqualification of the sitting Liberal MP, the Reverend Dr. Charles Leach under the Lunacy (Vacating of Seats) Act 1886. Leach had been an army chaplain during the war, visiting the wounded, and the strain of this task, coupled with his Parliamentary duties apparently caused him to suffer the breakdown which was to lead his committal to a private lunatic asylum. Leach thus became the only MP ever to be disqualified from Parliament in accordance with the provisions of this Act. Leach had been MP for Colne Valley since the January 1910 general election when he defeated the Independent Labour Party MP Victor Grayson.


1916 Colne Valley by-election, Candidates
The Liberals chose Frederick Mallalieu as their candidate. Mallalieu was a woollen manufacturer from Delph near Oldham and a member of the West Riding County Council, having been chairman of the Finance Committee since 1912. Mallalieu was descended from French Huguenot Protestants who had fled France in the seventeenth century. In accordance with the wartime electoral truce between the political parties and their participation in the coalition government of H H Asquith, the Conservative and Labour parties declined to stand candidates and it was  expected they would support Mallalieu as the government nominee.


1916 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1916 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team represented Colorado Agricultural College (now known as Colorado State University) in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1916 college football season. In their sixth season under head coach Harry W. Hughes, the Aggies compiled a 6–0–1 record, won the RMC championship, and outscored all opponents by a total of 172 to 45.


1916 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
Four Colorado Agricultural players received all-conference honors in 1916: center Charles Shepardson, tackle Horace Doke, end Ralph (Sag) Robinson, and guard Ray West.


1916 Colorado Silver and Gold football team
The 1916 Colorado Silver and Gold football team was an American football team that represented the University of Colorado during the 1916 college football season. Head coach Bob Evans in his first season led the team to a 1–5 mark in the Rocky Mountain Conference and 1–5–1 overall.


1916 Colorado gubernatorial election
The 1916 Colorado gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1916. Democratic nominee Julius Caldeen Gunter defeated incumbent Republican George Alfred Carlson with 53.27% of the vote.


1916 Columbia Lions football team
The 1916 Columbia Lions football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University as an independent during the 1916 college football season. In their second year after a ten-year hiatus and second year with head coach T. Nelson Metcalf, the Lions followed their undefeated 1915 season with a 1–5–2 campaign, and were outscored 13 to 81 by opponents. The team played its home games on South Field, part of the university's campus in Morningside Heights in Upper Manhattan.


1916 Columbus Panhandles season
The 1916 Columbus Panhandles season was their 11th season in existence. The team played in the Ohio League and posted a 7-5-0 record.


1916 Connecticut Aggies football team
The 1916 Connecticut Aggies football team represented Connecticut Agricultural College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1916 college football season. The Aggies were led by second year head coach John F. Donahue, and completed the season with a record of 1–7.


1916 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1916 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1916. Incumbent Republican Marcus H. Holcomb defeated Democratic nominee Morris Beardsley with 51.12% of the vote.


1916 Copa Aldao
The 1916 Copa Aldao was a football club competition between Racing and Nacional on December 3 of this very year. It was the second staging of this tournament contested between the league champions of Argentina and Uruguay.


1916 Copa Aldao
Nacional became champions for the first time after defeating Racing 2–1 in a single match.


1916 Copa Aldao, Rules
The cup was played over one leg at neutral venue in Buenos Aires. In case of a draw, a rematch would be played in Montevideo.


1916 Copa Ibarguren
The 1916 Copa Ibarguren was the 4th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. It was played by the champions of both leagues, Primera División and Liga Rosarina de Football crowned during 1916.


1916 Copa Ibarguren
Racing (Primera División champion) faced Rosario Central (Liga Rosarina champion) at its own venue, Estadio Racing Club, located on Alsina and Colón streets in Avellaneda. Racing thrashed Rosario Central 6–0.


1916 Copa Jockey Club Final
The 1916 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club was the final that decided the champion of the 10th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in Racing Club Stadium in Avellaneda on December 17, 1916, Rosario Central defeated Club Atlético Independiente 2–1.


1916 Copa Jockey Club Final, Overview
The 1916 edition was contested by 24 clubs, 22 within Buenos Aires Province and 2 from Liga Rosarina de Football (Rosario Central and Central Córdoba) that entered directly to the semifinal. In that stage, Rosario Central beat River Plate (1–1, 1–0 in playoff)


1916 Copa Jockey Club Final, Overview
On the other hand, Independiente, starting in group of 16, beat Belgrano A.C. 3–0, Estudiantes de La Plata 3–2, and Columbian (1–1, 3–2 in playoff) in the semifinal.


1916 Copa de Honor Cousenier
The 1916 Copa de Honor Cousenier was the final match to decide the winner of the Copa de Honor Cousenier, the 11th. edition of the international competition organised by the Argentine and Uruguayan Associations together. The final was contested by Uruguayan Club Nacional de Football and Argentine Rosario Central.


1916 Copa de Honor Cousenier
The match was held in the Estadio Gran Parque Central in Montevideo, on December 10, 1916. Nacional beat Rosario Central with a conclusive 6–1, winning its third Copa Cousenier trophy


1916 Copa de Honor MCBA Final
The 1916 Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires was the final that decided the champion of the 11th edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in Racing Club Stadium on November 12, 1916, Rosario Central won its first Copa de Honor after beating Independiente 1–0.


1916 Copa de Honor MCBA Final
That year was one of the most successful in the history of Rosario Central so the club won four titles, the Copa Nicasio Vila (first division of Rosarian Football League), the 1915 edition of Copa Ibarguren, Copa de Competencia Jockey Club, and the Copa de Honor.


1916 Copa de Honor MCBA Final, Overview
The 1916 edition was contested by 23 clubs, 21 within Buenos Aires Province (including Estudiantes and Gimnasia from La Plata) and 2 from Liga Rosarina de Football participating in the competition. Playing in a Single-elimination tournament, Independiente beat Gimnasia y Esgrima de Buenos Aires (3–1), Huracán (1–0), and Boca Juniors (1–0). In the semifinal, Independiente defeated Central Córdoba 2–1, qualifying for the final at Racing Club Stadium.


1916 Copa de Honor MCBA Final, Overview
On the other side, Rosario Central thrashed arch-rival Newell's Old Boys 8–0 and then beat Gimnasia y Esgrima Rosario in the Rosarino zone, qualifying for the semifinal, where the squad easily defeated Argentino de Quilmes 7–0.


1916 Copa de Honor MCBA Final, Overview
The final was held in Racing Club Stadium in Avellaneda on November 12, 1916, where Rosario Central won 1–0 with goal by Ennis Hayes on 36 minutes.


1916 Copa del Rey
The Copa del Rey 1916 was the 16th staging of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition.


1916 Copa del Rey
The competition started on March 26, 1916, and concluded on May 7, 1916, with the Final, held at the Camp de la Indústria in Barcelona, in which Athletic Bilbao lifted the trophy for the 7th time ever with a 4–0 victory over Madrid FC. It was Athletic's third title in a row, and they kept the trophy in property.


1916 Copa del Rey, Teams
Fortuna de Vigo (Champions of Galicia) and Español de Cádiz (Champions of Andalusia) did not inscribe for the tournament.


1916 Copa del Rey, Semifinal, Second leg
FC Barcelona and Madrid CF won one match each. At that year, the Goal difference was not taken into account.


1916 Copa del Rey Final
The 1916 Copa del Rey Final was the 16th final of the Spanish cup competition, the Copa del Rey. The final was played at Camp de la Indústria in Barcelona on May 7, 1916. The match was won by Athletic Bilbao, who beat Madrid FC 4–0.


1916 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1916 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the eighth staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.


1916 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
Cobh won the championship following a 5-4 to 0-3 defeat of Mallow in the final.


1916 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1916 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 30th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.


1916 Cork Senior Football Championship
On 3 December 1916, Collegians won the championship following a 0-03 to 0-01 defeat of Fermoy in the final at the Cork Athletic Grounds. This was their first ever championship title.


1916 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1916 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 29th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.


1916 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
On 15 October 1916, Midleton won the championship following a 4-0 to 3-2 defeat of Shamrocks in the final. This was their second championship title overall and their first title in two championship seasons.


1916 Cornell Big Red football team
The 1916 Cornell Big Red football team was an American football team that represented Cornell University during the 1916 college football season. In their fifth season under head coach Albert Sharpe, the Big Red compiled a 6–2 record and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 165 to 73. No Cornell players received honors on Walter Camp's 1916 College Football All-America Team. However, three players received All-America honors from other selectors: quarterback Fritz Shiverick (first team, United Press and Paul Purman); tackle Fred Gillies (first team, Fielding H. Yost); and end Paul Eckley (second team, Walter Eckersall).


1916 Cuban general election
General elections were held in Cuba on 1 November 1916. Mario García Menocal was re-elected in the presidential election, whilst the National Conservative Party and the Liberal Party both won 27 seats in the House of Representatives.


1916 Cuban general election, Results
Of the population of 2.6 million, only 796,636 – less than a third – were registered to vote. Of these 353,002 voted in the elections, a voter turnout of 44.31%.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game
The 1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game was the most lopsided in the history of college American football, with Georgia Tech winning 222–0. The game was played on October 7, 1916, between the Georgia Tech Engineers and Cumberland College Bulldogs at Grant Field (now a part of Bobby Dodd Stadium) in Atlanta.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game
With Cumberland opting to punt on multiple possessions, the infamous score can be partially attributed to 97% of the game's plays occurring in Cumberland territory, with 64 of those plays occurring in Cumberland's own red zone.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Background
Cumberland College, a Presbyterian school in Lebanon, Tennessee, had discontinued its football program before the season but was not allowed to cancel its game against the Engineers. The fact that Cumberland's baseball team had crushed Georgia Tech earlier that year 22–0 (amidst allegations that Cumberland used professionals as ringers) probably accounted for Georgia Tech coach John Heisman's running up the score on the Bulldogs, as Heisman was also Georgia Tech's baseball coach. It is speculated that Heisman may have deliberately aimed for a score of exactly 222 as a numerically significant retaliation to Cumberland's 22.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Background
He insisted on the schools' scheduling agreement, which required Cumberland to pay $3,000 (equivalent to $71,000 in 2020) to Tech if its football team failed to show. In fact, Heisman actually paid Cumberland $500 (equivalent to $11,900 in 2020) as an incentive to play the game; his letter to Cumberland's athletic department read in part:


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Background
I hereby  offer you the sum of $500 and an all-expenses-paid trip to Atlanta for your football team on the condition that you honor your contract by participating in and completing the Cumberland-Georgia Tech football game ... However, if this offer is refused ... I shall be forced to demand that your school reimburse the Tech Athletic Dept. in the amount of $3,000 for losses from the projected net gate receipts ...


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Background
George E. Allen (who was elected to serve as Cumberland's football team student manager after first serving as the baseball team student manager) therefore put together a team of 12–16 players, most of whom were his fraternity brothers or law students, to travel to Atlanta as Cumberland's football team.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Background
Another reason for Heisman's plan to run up the score was the practice among the sportswriters of the time to rank teams based upon how many points they scored. Since this statistic did not account for the strength or weakness of a team's opponent, Heisman disagreed with the amount of weight the writers tended to assign to it, and he may have unleashed his players on Cumberland to make his point.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, The game
Cumberland received the opening kickoff and failed to make a first down. After a punt, the Engineers scored on their first play. Cumberland then fumbled on their next play from the line of scrimmage, and a Georgia Tech player returned the fumble for a touchdown. The Bulldogs fumbled again on their next play, and it took Georgia Tech two rushes to score its third touchdown. Cumberland lost nine yards on its next possession, and Georgia Tech scored a fourth touchdown on another two-play drive.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, The game
Georgia Tech led 63–0 after the first quarter and 126–0 at halftime. Georgia Tech added 54 more points in the third quarter and 42 in the final period. Several players on the heavily-outmatched Cumberland side suffered serious injuries during the game, including quarterback Edwards, who was thrice carted off with concussions.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, The game
Georgia Tech scored a total of 32 touchdowns, and Georgia Tech's left end James Preas kicked 18 extra points. Cumberland's only effective defense was an extra point blocked with a sort of human pyramid topped with Vichy Woods, who suffered a gruesome facial injury on the play. Despite scoring 32 touchdowns, the Engineers did not complete or attempt a forward pass: all their yardage came on rushes, returns or defensive plays.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, The game
Several myths have developed around the game. Some have written that Cumberland did not have a single play that gained yards; in fact, its longest play was a 10-yard pass (on 4th-and-22 or 3rd-and-18). The Bulldogs gained positive yardage on at least six plays, though they fumbled on two of them. One page on Cumberland's website says Georgia Tech scored on every offensive play, but the play-by-play account of the game refutes this and suggests a more likely scenario: that Georgia Tech scored on every one of its sets of downs. Thus, neither team made a first down that was not also a touchdown, as Cumberland made no first downs in the entire game.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, The game
Cumberland purportedly committed 15 turnovers—nine fumbles and six interceptions—during the game.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, The game
As a general rule, the only thing necessary for a touchdown was to give a Tech back the ball and holler, ‘Here he comes’ and ‘There he goes.’


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, The game
Sportswriter Grantland Rice wrote, "Cumberland's greatest individual play of the game occurred when fullback Allen circled right end for a 6-yard loss." At halftime, Heisman reportedly told his players, "You're doing all right, team, we're ahead. But you just can't tell what those Cumberland players have up their sleeves. They may spring a surprise. Be alert, men! Hit 'em clean, but hit 'em hard!" However, even Heisman relented, and shortened the third and fourth quarters from 15 minutes to 12.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Records
Since World War II, only a handful of schools have topped 100 points in a college football game. The modern-era record for most points scored against a college opponent is 106 by Fort Valley State of Georgia against Knoxville College in 1969. In the previous year Houston defeated Tulsa 100–6 to set the NCAA record in major college football. In 1949 the University of Wyoming defeated University of Northern Colorado 103–0. The Division III football scoring record was set in 1968 when North Park University defeated North Central College 104–32, using ten passing touchdowns along the way.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Legacy
The game ball had the score written on it as a memento. It was donated to the Helms Athletic Foundation sports museum by Bill Schroeder, an avid sports collector. When the museum moved locations in the 1980s, the ball was boxed and remained in storage. In 2014, Ryan Schneider, a Georgia Tech alumnus, purchased the ball in a charity auction for $40,388 ($33,657 without buyer's premium), with the intention of donating it back to Georgia Tech.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Legacy
One of the Cumberland players, Dow R. Cope, enlisted in the U.S. Army Signal Corps after graduation. He died in a plane crash on June 9, 1918 while serving in France during World War I.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Legacy
In October 1956, a 40th reunion was held for players from both teams, of whom 28 were able to attend. While reminiscing, one of the Cumberland players pointed out one play that saved Cumberland from an even worse defeat; had Cumberland punted as normal instead of running a sneak, the score would probably have been 229–0.


1916 Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech football game, Legacy
While Cumberland's football team would eventually be restarted full-time (and change its nickname to the Phoenix in 2016), the two schools have not met in any sports since, as Cumberland would eventually de-emphasize athletics and currently compete in the NAIA while Georgia Tech would go on to be a founding member of the Southeastern Conference before departing the SEC in 1964 and is currently a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference; current NCAA rules only allow Division III schools to compete against NAIA schools. Additionally, Cumberland's student population is about 7% of Georgia Tech's student population, making a rematch today even a bigger mismatch.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum
A referendum on the sale of the Danish West Indian Islands to the United States of America was held in Denmark on 14 December 1916. The non-binding referendum saw 283,670 vote in favor of the sale of the Danish West Indian Islands and 158,157 against. The residents of the islands were not allowed to vote on the matter, but in an unofficial vote on Saint Croix arranged by David Hamilton Jackson, 4,027 voted in favor of the sale and only seven voted against. As a result of the referendum the islands were formally relinquished to the United States by the Treaty of the Danish West Indies on 31 March 1917 as the United States Virgin Islands for a sum of US$25,000,000 in gold.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Background
Two of the islands had been in Danish possession since the 17th century and Saint Croix since 1733. The highly profitable period of the colony had been from around 1750 to 1850 based on transit trade and the production of rum and sugar using African slaves as labor.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Background
By the second half of the 19th century the sugar production was embattled by the cultivation of sugar beets, and although the slaves had been emancipated in 1848, the agricultural land and the trade was still controlled by the white population, and the living conditions of the descendants of the slaves were poor.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Background
At the negotiations for the Treaty of Vienna after the defeat in the Second Schleswig War in 1864, Denmark had tried to use the islands as a trade-in for South Jutland, but the Prussian Government was not interested.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Background
At the eve of the American Civil War, the United States became interested in the islands as the possible location of a Caribbean naval base. A referendum on transferring ownership from Denmark to the United States was held on 9 January 1868 on the islands of Sankt Jan and Sankt Thomas, two of three main islands in the colony. Of the votes cast, 98% were in favor of the transfer. On 24 October 1867 the Danish parliament, the Rigsdag, ratified a treaty on the sale of the two islands for a sum of US$7,500,000. However, the United States Senate did not ratify the treaty due to concerns over a number of natural disasters that had struck the islands and a political feud with and the possible impeachment of President Andrew Johnson.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Background
Negotiations resumed in 1899, and on 24 January 1902 Washington signed a convention on the transfer of the islands for a sum of US$5,000,000. One chamber of the Danish parliament — the Folketing — passed the proposal, but in the other chamber — the Landsting — it failed with 32 votes against 32.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Background
In particular the conservative party Højre opposed it on the grounds that the treaty did not ensure the local population a vote on the matter, and that it did not grant them US citizenship or freedom from customs duty on the export of sugar to the United States. According to historian Povl Engelstoft, there was no doubt that Council President Johan Henrik Deuntzer was privately against the sale even though his party, the Venstre Reform Party, supported it. When the Landsting failed to pass the proposal, Deuntzer made a statement that neither did he see a reason for the cabinet to step down, nor would he dissolve the Landsting or assume responsibility for any further work related to the sale. This brought the process to a halt.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Negotiations
Famous labor leader David Hamilton Jackson, made a visit to Copenhagen in May 1915. He successfully raised awareness of the growing social desperation on the islands and the need to enter the customs territory of the United States in order for the islands to be able to cope with their economic crisis. After his visit a majority of the Folketing was convinced that the Danish supremacy of the islands had to end.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Negotiations
The First World War had created a new situation: the relations between Germany and the United States were becoming worse as a consequence of the German submarine warfare, and the Americans were concerned that in the event of an invasion of neutral Denmark the Germans might take control of the islands. This would be unacceptable to the Americans as stated in the Monroe Doctrine.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Negotiations
The Danish government was convinced that the islands had to be sold for the sake of both the residents and Danish security, and that a transfer would have to be realized before the United States entered the war, so that the transfer would not become a violation of the Danish neutrality.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Negotiations
During May 1915, Foreign Minister of Denmark Erik Scavenius contacted the American government with the message that he believed that the islands ought to be sold to the United States and that although he would not make an official proposal, "if the United States gave any encouragement to the consideration of the possibility of such a sale, it might be possible."


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Negotiations
On 29 October 1915 United States Secretary of State Robert Lansing managed to reopen the negotiations. The negotiations, which lasted until August 1916, were kept absolutely secret in order to maintain the Danish neutrality. Although rumours of the future sale did leak to the press, they were denied categorically by both Scavenius and Minister of Finance Edvard Brandes. During 1916, the two sides agreed to a sale price of $25,000,000.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Negotiations
The United States accepted a Danish demand for a declaration stating that they would "not object to the Danish Government extending their political and economic interests to the whole of Greenland." Historian Bo Lidegaard questions the utility of such a declaration, however, as the United States had never disputed Danish sovereignty.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Government crisis
The government informed the parliament of the negotiations and their result in August 1916, and the message aroused bitter feelings in particular among the conservatives and to some degree within Venstre. The outrage was partially based on the government's readiness to hand off a part of the kingdom for money and partially on the secrecy regarding all the preparations and that the denials by the two ministers had been completely contrary to facts.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Government crisis
Those who opposed the sale now demanded that the treaty should be reviewed by a new parliament, with the intent to trigger a new election and hoping that the government would thereby lose its majority in the Folketing. In response, the government proposed a referendum on the issue as had recently become possible with the Constitution of 1915. The Landsting rejected this proposal, triggering a government crisis.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Government crisis
The prospect of forming a broad-based government of national unity proved to be extremely difficult due to the poisoned atmosphere, and after Scavenius on 6 September had rejected an offer from Christian X of Denmark to form a new government, the parties found a compromise on 30 September: each of the three opposition parties would appoint one of their members to enter the cabinet as Ministers without Portfolio, a commission to document the negotiations on the sale would be established, and a referendum would be held.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Government crisis
The referendum would include voters in the Faroe Islands, but neither Iceland nor Greenland, nor would it include the West Indian Islands, and it would be non-binding in the sense that in the case of a majority in favour of the sale the parliament would still have the right to reject it. The commission published its report on 2 December with the recommendation to approve the sale.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Results
The referendum was held on 14 December 1916. As the election act of 1915, which significantly increased the number of eligible voters, was used for the referendum even though it did not otherwise take effect until 1918, the exact number of eligible voters is unknown but estimated at 1,200,000.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Results
In an unofficial vote on Saint Croix arranged by Hamilton Jackson 4,027 voted in favour of the sale and only seven voted against. On 21 December the Danish parliament ratified the treaty, and on 9 March 1917 Christian X of Denmark officially said goodbye to the islands in an open letter. On 1 April the formal transfer of the islands took place, only five days before the United States declared war on Germany.


1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum, Results
In an attempt to create national reconciliation, most of the 25 million dollars was spent in Southern Jutland after the Schleswig Plebiscites and the return of the region to Danish rule in 1920.


1916 Danish West Indies status referendum
An unofficial referendum on the sale of the islands to the United States was held in the Danish West Indies on 17 August 1916. The proposal was approved by 99.83% of voters, with only seven people voting against. It followed the Treaty of the Danish West Indies, which was signed on 4 August, and also approved by a referendum in Denmark in December 1916. The islands were transferred to the United States in 1917.


1916 Danish West Indies status referendum
No vote was held on Water Island, which had been sold by Denmark to the East Asiatic Company, a private shipping company, in 1905, and was no longer part of the colony.


1916 Dartmouth football team
The 1916 Dartmouth football team was an American football team that represented Dartmouth College as an independent during the 1916 college football season. In its sixth and final season under head coach Frank Cavanaugh, the team compiled a 5–2–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 206 to 47. Bernard Gerrish was the team captain.


1916 Dayton Triangles season
The 1916 Dayton Triangles season was their fourth season in the Ohio League, and the first under the name, "Triangles". The team posted a 9–1 record.


1916 Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football team
The 1916 Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football team was an American football team that represented Delaware College (later renamed the University of Delaware) as an independent during the 1916 college football season. In its ninth season under head coach William McAvoy, the team compiled a 4–3–1 record and was outscored by a total of 66 to 60. Michael J. Fidance was the team captain.


1916 Delaware gubernatorial election
The 1916 Delaware gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1916. Incumbent Republican Governor Charles R. Miller declined to run for re-election. At the time, the Republican Party was in the middle of a schism that had first developed during the 1912 presidential election. However, the schism did not affect the gubernatorial nomination; though there were rumors that the state party convention might seek to nominate Governor Miller for a second term, former State Representative John G. Townsend Jr. was seen as the frontrunner heading into the convention. He received the nomination without much difficulty and the Republican Party solidified around him its gubernatorial nominee. The Democratic Party nominated former Secretary of State James H. Hughes, and both Townsend and Hughes advanced to the general election.


1916 Delaware gubernatorial election
Though President Woodrow Wilson had won Delaware in 1912 with a plurality, he narrowly lost it this year. Though the gubernatorial race was still close, Townsend outperformed Republican presidential nominee Charles Evans Hughes and defeated Hughs by a five-point margin, winning 52% of the vote to Hughes's 47%.


1916 Democratic National Convention
The 1916 Democratic National Convention was held at the St. Louis Coliseum in St. Louis, Missouri from June 14 to June 16, 1916. It resulted in the nomination of President Woodrow Wilson and Vice President Thomas R. Marshall for reelection.


1916 Democratic National Convention, Demonstrations
Women's suffrage activists in Missouri staged a demonstration for the convention. Suffragists Emily Newell Blair and Edna Gellhorn came up with the idea and organized a "walkless, talkless parade," also called the "Golden Lane." Around 3,000 suffragists lined twelve blocks of Locust Street in St. Louis, wearing white dresses, "votes for women" sashes and holding yellow umbrellas. Democratic delegates had to walk past the suffragists to reach the convention hall. The demonstration was meant to represent how women were silenced by not being allowed to vote and received national attention in the press. The Democratic delegates did decide to support women's suffrage on a state by state basis.


1916 Democratic Party presidential primaries
From March 7 to June 6, 1916, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 1916 United States presidential election. Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1916 Democratic National Convention held from June 14 to June 16, 1916, in St. Louis, Missouri.


1916 Denver Pioneers football team
The 1916 Denver Pioneers football team represented the University of Denver in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1916 college football season. In their second season under head coach John Fike, the Pioneers compiled a 4–2–1 record (3–2 against RMC opponents), finished third in the conference, and outscored all opponents by a total of 92 to 79.


1916 Derby by-election
The Derby by-election, 1916 was a parliamentary by-election held for the House of Commons constituency of Derby, the county town of Derbyshire on 29 December 1916.


1916 Derby by-election, Vacancy
The by-election was caused by the elevation to the peerage of the sitting Liberal MP, Sir Thomas Roe. Roe had been MP for Derby  twice; first from 1883 to 1895 and then again from 1900 until his death.


1916 Derby by-election, Candidates, Liberals
In 1912, Raymond Asquith, son of the Prime Minister, H. H. Asquith, had been adopted as Liberal candidate in succession to Roe. Asquith had spent much of the war in Europe, but remained as prospective Liberal candidate right up to the point when he was killed in action in September 1916.


1916 Derby by-election, Candidates, Liberals
Derby Liberals favoured Joseph Davies for their candidate but Liberal Party headquarters in London was still under the control of H H Asquith, even though he had ceased to be prime minister and they issued an edict that, because of his close association with Lloyd George, Davies was not to be selected under any circumstances. Asquith’s personal secretary went to Derby to enforce this ruling. Although a majority of Derby’s Liberal delegates wanted Davies, they chose an Asquithian Liberal, Sir William Job Collins instead. Collins was formerly the MP for St Pancras West but before his political career Collins had been a distinguished surgeon.


1916 Derby by-election, Candidates, Conservatives
There was a wartime electoral truce in operation and the Conservatives were partners in the wartime Coalition. Nevertheless their former candidate, Arthur Edward Beck, had been nursing the constituency and had fought the two general elections of 1910. He said he was content to honour the electoral truce as long as the chosen Liberal was not a purely party political nomination and if it was proposed to put the new man into government office.


1916 Derby by-election, Candidates, Conservatives
If the government would pledge, as they had apparently done at Sheffield Hallam recently, that the minister would retire at the end of the war, Beck stated that he would be willing to stand aside. It does not appear that the exact assurances Beck was demanding were made officially.


1916 Derby by-election, Candidates, Conservatives
Collins was never made a minister but he did state publicly in the run-up to the by-election that his sole policy was to give unflinching support to the government in the successful prosecution of the war and that he was willing to defer any matters of party political conflict until after the war. The Unionists decided not to stand a candidate.


1916 Derby by-election, Process
The writ for the by-election was moved in the House of Commons on Friday 22 December. Nomination day was set for 29 December but there were no nominations except for Collins who was therefore returned unopposed.


1916 Detroit Heralds season
The 1916 Detroit Heralds season was the 12th season for the Detroit Heralds, an independent American football team. Led by coach Bill Marshall, the team compiled a 6–4 record.


1916 Detroit Tigers football team
The 1916 Detroit Tigers football team  was an American football team that represented the University of Detroit in the 1916 college football season. In its second season under head coach Harry Costello, the team compiled a 3–2–2 record and outscored its opponents by a combined total of 98 to 38.


1916 Detroit Tigers season
The 1916 Detroit Tigers season was a season in American baseball. The team finished third in the American League with a record of 87–67, 4 games behind the Boston Red Sox.


1916 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1916 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1916 Droitwich by-election
The Droitwich by-election of 1916 was held on 29 February 1916. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, John Lyttelton. It was won by the Conservative candidate Herbert Whiteley, who was unopposed.


1916 Drummoyne state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Drummoyne on 22 January 1916. It was triggered by the death of sitting George Richards (Liberal Reform).


1916 Drummoyne state by-election, Results
A second ballot was necessary because Alexander Graff failed, by 176 votes, to win an absolute majority. The Sydney Morning Herald attributed the lack of majority to Frank Farnell splitting the Liberal vote.


1916 Dublin University by-election
The Dublin University by-election of 1916 was held on 25 April 1916. The by-election was held due to the incumbent Irish Unionist MP, James Campbell, becoming Attorney General for Ireland. The seat was retained by Campbell who was unopposed due to a War-time electoral pact.


1916 Eastern Suburbs season
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1916 Eastern Suburbs season
The 1916 Eastern Suburbs DRLFC season was the 9th in the club's history. They competed in the 1916 NSWRFL season, finishing 4th (out of 8). Eastern Suburbs won the City Cup for the third consecutive season.


1916 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
Eastern Suburbs 5 ( Cubitt Try; Barker Goal ) defeated Annandale 2 ( Heaney Goal ) at Wentworth Park.


1916 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
Newtown 11 ( Brown Try; Bain 2, Leonard ) defeated Eastern Suburbs 5 ( Cubitt Try; Messenger Goal ) at the Sydney Cricket Ground.


1916 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
North Sydney 6( Mayo 2 Tries) defeated Eastern Suburbs 4 at the Sydney Sports Ground.


1916 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
South Sydney 9 defeated Eastern Suburbs 7 at the Agricultural Ground.


1916 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
Eastern Suburbs 12 defeated Western Suburbs 5 at St Luke's Park.


1916 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
Eastern Suburbs 2 drew with Glebe 2 at the Agricultural Ground.


1916 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
Balmain 5 ( Latta try, + goal ) defeated Eastern Suburbs 4 ( Messenger 2 goals ) at the Sydney Cricket Ground.