1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Dickinson
The Pittsburg Press was hopeful: "This great display of real football by the wearers of the Blue and Gold sent up their stock many points for the championship contest next week with W. & J. next Saturday"


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Dickinson
The Pitt lineup for the game against Dickinson was H. Clifford Carlson, Joe Matson and Thomas Beattie (left end), Tiny Thornhill, John Sutherland and R. N. Clicquenroi (left tackle), Wayne Smith and James McQuiston (left guard), Bob Peck and Isadore Shapira (center), Rendall Soppitt and Chuck Reese (right guard), Carl Hockensmith (right tackle), James Herron, William Harrington and Thomas Healey (right end), Roy Heil and Fred Ward (quarterback), Andy Hastings, Cliff Morrow and Stevie Dillon (left halfback), Whitey Miller and James Morrow (right halfback), and George Fry and Edward Hanley (fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
On November 7, third-year coach Bob Folwell brought 5–1 Washington & Jefferson to Pittsburgh for the annual battle for Western Pennsylvania football supremacy. After posting a 10–0–1 record in 1913, the 1914 squad shocked the football pundits by beating Yale, 13–7, and losing to Harvard by only one point, 10-9. The Red and Black lineup boasted two second team Walter Camp All-Americans – halfback Johnny Spiegel and tackle Britain Patterson and one third teamer -  center Burleigh Cruikshank. W. & J. 's lineup, with eight starters who had been together 4 years, was healthy. Pitt was still missing starting quarterback Guy Williamson, but Roy Heil was an able replacement.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"The student bodies of both institutions will parade the downtown section before the game, and at Forbes Field the rooting argument will be second only to the debate on the field. No matter how the battle goes it will be some game. If it is Pitt's lot to lose, Pitt can be a good loser; if she wins, there is no better winner."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"The Red and Black warriors from Washington & Jefferson College triumphed over the University of Pittsburgh foemen in their annual football meeting yesterday afternoon at Forbes Field, 13 to 10. The largest crowd without any exception which ever witnessed a football match in this city between two college teams viewed the combat yesterday. There were at least 30,000 persons in the park, and these people sat out over two hours while the teams furnished one of the most sensational games ever offered in Pittsburgh."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"While to Washington & Jefferson goes the silver loving cup emblematic of the premiership and the title in fact as well as in name, to the Pitt cohorts goes the splendid record of having baffled the wonderful Red and Black attack, and having during a great part of the game outplayed the team, which lost by one point to the Harvard Crimson, and smeared the colors of Eli Yale in the mud. Pitt was beaten but not disgraced."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
At the end of the scoreless first quarter, George Fry punted to Wash-Jeff. Their fullback, Young, fumbled and Pitt end H. Clifford Carlson recovered on the Red and Black 38-yard line. On third down, "Hastings forward passed to Heil for a gain of 24 yards. After a fruitless dash into the line, Hastings dropped back to the 30-yard mark and dropped one over the crossbar giving Pitt the first score of the game." On Pitt's next possession, Andy Hastings fumbled on a fake kick attempt and Spiegel recovered for W. & J. on the Pitt 16-yard line.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
On second down "a forward pass McCreight to Goodwin to Bovill tookthe ball over for a touchdown. Patterson kicked the resultant goal, and the score was 7-3 in W. & J. 's favor." After trading fumbles, Pitt recovered another W. & J. miscue on the Red and Black 20-yard line. "A forward pass, Heil to Hastings, netted 16-yards. Heil gained one yard through the line, then Collins went over for a touchdown, from which Hastings kicked goal, making the score 10-7 in favor of Pitt. There was no further scoring in the first half."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"Then, when everything seemed auspicious for Pitt the jinx tore loose. Just why both (Leo) Collins and (Cliff) Morrow muffed the kick that started the second half will be a mystery for a long time. But they both let it get by, and Wesbecher was Johnny on the spot in recovering the ball on Pitt's four-yard line, whence Young speedily tore his way over the line." Score W. & J. 13 – Pitt 10. "From that point on the game was scoreless but both Pitt and Wash-Jeff exhausted every device in an effort to score."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The Pittsburg Press attempted to interview Coach Duff: "When seen in the dressing room after the game, Coach Duff of Pitt, would make no statement. "I have nothing to say. I have nothing to say," he murmured. The coach took the defeat very much to heart and his eyes betrayed the fact that he had been crying. A close friend of Duff's said that he had never seen anyone take a defeat as hard as the Pitt coach. ' He was all shot to pieces,' said the friend."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
The Pitt lineup for the game against Washington & Jefferson was H. Clifford Carlson (left end), Claude Thornhill, James Jones, Joe Matson and John Sutherland (left tackle), Wayne Smith and Chuck Reese (left guard), Bob Peck, and Isadore Shapira (center), Rendall Soppitt (right guard), Carl Hockensmith (right tackle), James Herron and Thomas Healey (right end), Roy Heil (quarterback), Andy Hastings, Cliff Morrow and Jimmy DeHart (left halfback), Whitey Miller, Stevie Dillon, and Fred Ward (right halfback) and George Fry, Leo Collins and Edward Hanley (fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
All the Pittsburgh newspapers on November 8, 1914 covered the Wash- Jeff game and also carried a breaking news story of note to the Pitt faithful. The Pittsburgh Sunday Post reported:


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
"Glenn S. Warner, the great gridiron general, who has made in seasons past the name of the Carlisle Indians a thing to strike terror in the hearts of opposing elevens, may coach the University of Pittsburg eleven next fall. That the Carlisle coach was considering a tempting offer made by the local school was admitted by the Pitt athletic authorities last night, but it was declared that Warner had yet to sign a contract. The story leaked out in a roundabout way, and the announcement is rather premature.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
Warner, it seems, told a Dickinson player that he had been dickering with the Blue and Gold. This Dickinson man was not too busy to tell a Pitt player about it during the Pitt – Dickinson game. The Pitt player spilled this story, and the athletic authorities, charged with this misdemeanor, owned up.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Washington & Jefferson
One of the members of the Pitt athletic committee last night declared that the proposed change was not because Pitt is dissatisfied with the work of Joe Duff, but because it is believed that Pitt would be even better off with Warner than Duff at the head of affairs here. "We believe we have the greatest bunch of football material in the country at Pitt now, and we want the greatest football general of the country to handle them for us." is the way it was expressed. And Warner is a wizard at bringing out latent ability in his proteges, whether red or white."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
On November 14, the fifth city battle with Carnegie Tech was played at Forbes Field. Pitt had played and beaten Carnegie Tech four times previously and out scored them 94-0. The two neighboring schools had not played since 1910. Tech hired former University of Chicago All-American quarterback  Walter Steffen as coach for the 1914 season and Tech's football fortunes improved.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
Pitt's lineup for this game was missing Captain Wayne Smith (fractured ankle) and Andy Hastings (broken finger). Guy Williamson was still questionable for this game but would be ready for the Penn State game.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
Pitt won the game 14-0 but the newspapers praised the Tartans for holding the score down. L.G. Boggs of The Pittsburg Press noted: "An intercepted forward pass and a fumble were the main reasons for the defeat of Carnegie Tech at the hands of the Pitt eleven at Forbes Field yesterday in a game which was close and hard-fought, and which kept the rather small crowd on edge during the entire playing time."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Pitt Weekly agreed: "Pitt defeated Carnegie Tech, Saturday, by a score of 14 to 0. The Plaid warriors sprang a surprise and Pitt was forced to hustle to defeat them. An intercepted forward pass and a fumble caused the downfall of the Skibos. Although Pitt did not play up to the form displayed in the W. & J. game, it should not follow that any credit should be taken away from Tech. The final count, although low, does not give due credit to the plucky fight put up by Steffen's men."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
Pitt's scores came in the first and third quarters. Late in the first period Pitt halfback Whitey Miller fumbled and Tech recovered on the Pitt 25-yard line. On second down, "Kesner tried a forward pass and (Bob) Peck intercepted it on Pitt's 25-yard line and ran 75 yards for a touchdown. (Roy) Heil kicked the ball out to (George) Fry and Fry then kicked the goal, making the count 7-0 for the Blue and Gold."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
Then in the third quarter - "Tech had the ball on its 29-yard line and Kesner faked a forward pass, holding the ball in the palm of his right hand for Marshall to take and run the end. But just as Marshall was in the act of reaching for it (Randall) Soppitt broke through, spoiled the play and was the first to grab the ball. He ran to the Tech 10-yard line. In a few plays (George) Fry went through the right side of the Tech line for a touchdown. He kicked goal and the score was 14 to 0 at which figure it remained until the end."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Carnegie Tech
The Pitt lineup for the game against Carnegie Tech was H. Clifford Carlson and Joe Matson (left end), James Jones and Claude Thornhill (left tackle), Chuck Reese (left guard), Bob Peck and Isadore Shapira (center), Rendall Soppitt (right guard), Carl Hockensmith and John Sutherland (right tackle), James Herron (right end), Roy Heil, Fred Ward and Guy Williamson (quarterback), Stevie Dillon and  Jimmy DeHart (left halfback), Whitey Miller (right halfback), and George Fry and Leo Collins (fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
On November 26, Bill Hollenback brought his 1914 Nittany Lions to Pittsburgh for the annual Thanksgiving Day game with the Pitt eleven. The Lions were 5-2-1, but on a two game losing streak. "The slump is directly traceable to the accident which put Captain Tobin, the brains of the State eleven and the best individual player on the squad out of business. The gasoline explosion at the celebration following the Harvard game almost put Tobin out of football for good, but the State leader is ready for today's fray, and has been shifted to quarterback."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
For Coach Duff's final game as Pitt coach, Guy Williamson was back at quarterback but Captain Wayne Smith was on the sideline nursing his fractured ankle.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Ralph S. Davis of The Pittsburgh Press said it best: "The University of Pittsburgh closed its football season yesterday in a blaze of glory, winning over the husky Penn State eleven by the decisive score of 13 to 3. Pitt outplayed her opponents in practically every department of the game."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Pitt Weekly reported: "In one of the most desperately fought games ever played on any gridiron, Pitt defeated State on Thanksgiving Day by a score of 13 to 3. Pitt's victory, the second in two years, was clean-cut and decisive, the Varsity holding an advantage over their rivals in every department. The game was played before the usual large crowd, under perfect weather conditions."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The first half ended scoreless. "Although Pitt several times threatened to score in the first half, the State gridders set their teeth, fought back stubbornly and were able to stave off the advance until after halftime. They even once got perilously near Pitt's last line."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
Pitt received the second half kick-off and advanced the ball to the State 21-yard line. "(Andy) Hastings went back to the 34-yard line and, with men rushing upon him, calmly dropkicked through the bars for Pitt's first three points." Pitt received the kick-off but the State defense held. "Guy Williamson punted to Tobin on the State 35-yard line. He fumbled and (Whitey) Miller recovered on the 23-yard line. Eleven plays later it was fourth down and the ball rested on the 6 inch line. "(Leo) Collins went into the mass like a pile driver and through for a touchdown. Hastings kicked goal. Score 10-0."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
At the end of the third quarter State had possession on their 48-yard line. They advanced the ball to the Pitt 23-yard line. The Pitt defense stiffened and State tackle "Lamb booted the ball over from placement from the 30-yard line." Score 10 to 3. "Pitt's last score came immediately after. State end "Morris fumbled Pitt's kick-off and (Joe) Matson was the man of the hour, covering on the State 19-yard line, near the side line." The State defense stiffened, "so standing on the 30-yard line, Hastings' 14 carat toe dropkicked another field goal." Pitt beat Penn State two years in a row for the first time.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The Pitt lineup for the game against Penn State was H. Clifford Carlson and Joe Matson (left end), James Jones, Claude E. Thornhill and John Sutherland (left tackle), Chuck Reese and Wayne Smith (left guard). Bob Peck (center), Rendall Soppitt (right guard), Carl Hockensmith (right tackle), James Herron (right end), Guy Williamson (quarterback), Andy Hastings and Jimmy DeHart (left halfback), Whitey Miller, Stevie Dillon and Fred Ward (right halfback), and George Fry, Edward Hanley and Leo Collins(fullback). The game was played in 15-minute quarters.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
The Pitt Weekly wrote a farewell letter to Coach Duff:


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
"We take this opportunity to thank you for your very efficient work in coaching our football team. The Weekly speaks for the entire student body when it says we are entirely satisfied with the results. To shape an eleven containing so much new material into a team that has made such a showing against our veteran opponents is undoubtedly the work of brains, skill, and untiring devotion. If there be criticism of the things accomplished or the methods utilized, we assure you that it does not come from the students and is not felt by them. We count your two years' work with Pitt successful in every way and it is with sincere regret we learn of your resignation. You have worked hard and faithfully. You have produced a wonderful team. We thank you."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
Coach Duff resigned with a record of 14-3-1 (.806 winning pct. ).


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
"Guy "Chalky" Williamson was elected Captain of next year's football team at a meeting of the letter men immediately preceding the dinner on Thanksgiving evening. "Chalky" was elected over Reese on the second ballot by a vote of 15 to 10."


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
Noted sportswriter Frank G. Menke selected Pitt center Bob Peck to his first team All-American eleven and William "Whitey" Miller to his third team.


1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, Postseason
On December 4, 1914, by a unanimous vote of the athletic committee, "Glenn Warner was officially chosen to coach the University of Pittsburgh gridders for the next three seasons."


1914 Pittsburgh Pirates season
The 1914 Pittsburgh Pirates season was the 33rd season of the Pittsburgh Pirates franchise; the 28th in the National League. The Pirates finished seventh in the league standings with a record of 69–85. It was the Pirates first losing season since 1898.


1914 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 Pittsburgh Rebels season
The 1914 Pittsburgh Rebels season was a season in American baseball. The Rebels finished in 7th place in the Federal League, 22½ games behind the Indianapolis Hoosiers.


1914 Pittsburgh Rebels season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 Pittsburgh Rebels season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 Pittsburgh Rebels season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 Pittsburgh Rebels season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 Pittsburgh Rebels season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 Poplar by-election
The Poplar by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1914 Poplar by-election, Vacancy
In February 1914, Sydney Buxton, the Liberal MP for Poplar since 1886,  resigned to take up an appointment as Governor-General of the Union of South Africa.


1914 Poplar by-election, Campaign
The Unionist campaign was given a boost by the Conservative by-election victory in nearby Bethnal Green South West declared the day before polling day.


1914 Poplar by-election, Aftermath
A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season
The 1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season was the club's 37th year in the South Australian Football League.


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 squad
Due to World War I, many Port Adelaide players enlisted to take part in the conflict at season's end. Of the 1914 squad, Albert Chaplin, Joseph Watson and William Boon would be killed in action.


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 1
Record: 1 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (146.00%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 3
Record: 2 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (218.99%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 4
Record: 3 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (262.00%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 5
Record: 4 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (230.72%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 6 (Queen's Birthday)
Record: 5 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (214.57%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 7
Record: 6 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (232.31%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 8
Record: 7 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (225.94%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 9
Record: 8 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (209.85%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 11
Record: 9 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (210.38%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 12
Record: 10 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (216.59%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 13
Record: 11 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (206.53%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Port Adelaide Football Club season, 1914 home-and-away season, Round 14
Record: 12 Win, 0 Losses, 0 Draws (209.41%)Ladder Position: 1st


1914 Portland Beavers season
The 1914 Portland Beavers season was the 12th season in the history of the Portland Beavers baseball team. Under the leadership of manager Walt McCredie, the team compiled a 113–84 record and won the Pacific Coast League (PCL) pennant. The Beavers won five PCL pennants between 1906 and 1914.


1914 Portland Beavers season
Second baseman Bill Rodgers was the team captain and led the team with 227 hits. Outfielder Ty Lober led the PCL with nine home runs, and shortstop Art Kores led the league with 54 doubles and 21 triples.


1914 Portland Beavers season, Statistics, Batting
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; SLG = Slugging percentage; SB = Stolen bases


1914 Portland Beavers season, Statistics, Pitching
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; PCT = Win percentage; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 Presbyterian Blue Hose football team
The 1914 Presbyterian Blue Hose football team represented Presbyterian College during the 1914 college football season. The Blue Hose's team captain was Alfred Miller.


1914 Princeton Tigers football team
The 1914 Princeton Tigers football team represented Princeton University in the 1914 college football season. The team finished with a 5–2–1 record under first-year head coach Wilder Penfield. Princeton tackle Harold Ballin was selected as a consensus first-team honoree on the 1914 College Football All-America Team. This would be Penfield's only season as head coach of the Tigers; he became a neurosurgeon later in life.


1914 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1914 Purdue Boilermakers football team was an American football team that represented Purdue University during the 1914 college football season. In their second season under head coach Andy Smith, the Boilermakers compiled a 5–2 record, finished in a tie for fifth place in the Western Conference with a 2–2 record against conference opponents, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 157 to 73. H. S. O'Brien was the team captain.


1914 Reno earthquakes
The 1914 Reno earthquakes were a series of earthquakes in February and April of 1914 in Reno, Nevada and the surrounding area. The 6.0 magnitude foreshock occurred on February 18, 1914 at 10:17am local time. The 6.4 magnitude main quake occurred at 12:34am local time.


1914 Rhode Island State Rams football team
The 1914 Rhode Island State Rams football team was an American football team that represented Rhode Island State College (later renamed the University of Rhode Island) as an independent during the 1914 college football season. In its fifth year under head coach George Cobb, the team compiled a 2–3–3 record.


1914 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
The 1914 Rhode Island gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1914. Republican nominee Robert Livingston Beeckman defeated Democratic nominee Patrick H. Quinn with 53.80% of the vote.


1914 Rice Owls football team
The 1914 Rice Owls football team was an American football team that represented Rice University as an independent during the 1914 college football season. In its third season under head coach Philip Arbuckle, the team compiled a 3–2–3 record and was outscored by a total of 113 to 59.


1914 Richmond Spiders football team
The 1914 Richmond Spiders football team was an American football team that represented Richmond College—now known as the University of Richmond—as a member of the Eastern Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Association (EVIAA) and the South Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SAIAA) during the 1914 college football season. Led by second-year head coach Frank Dobson, Richmond finished the season 5–4 overall, 5–1 in EVIAA play, and 0–2 against SAIAA opponents. The Spiders won the EVIAA title for the second consecutive year.


1914 Rock Island Independents season
The 1914 Rock Island Independents season was the team's last season under manager/owner John Roche. The season resulted in the team posting a 5–2 record.


1914 Romanian general election
General elections were held in the Kingdom of Romania between 18 and 28 May 1914.


1914 Romanian general election, Results, Senate
According to the Constitution, the crown prince and eight bishops had the right to sit in the Senate.


1914 Rose Polytechnic football team
The 1914 Rose Polytechnic football team represented the Rose Polytechnic Institute during the 1914 college football season.


1914 Rutgers Queensmen football team
The 1914 Rutgers Queensmen football team represented Rutgers University in the 1914 college football season. In their second season under head coach George "Sandy" Sanford, the Queensmen compiled a 5–3–1 record and outscored their opponents, 208 to 73. Coach Sanford was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1971.


1914 SAFL Grand Final
The 1914 SAFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football competition. Port Adelaide beat North Adelaide by a margin of 79 points (93 to 14).


1914 SAFL season
The 1914 South Australian Football League season was the 38th season of the top-level Australian rules football competition in South Australia.


1914 SAFL season
The season opened on 2 May with a match between South Adelaide and Port Adelaide, and concluded on 19 September with the Grand Final, in which minor premiers Port Adelaide went on to win its eighth premiership, defeating North Adelaide by 79 points.


1914 SAFL season
West Torrens and Sturt also made the top four teams and participated in the finals series. West Adelaide, South Adelaide and Norwood all missed the top four.


1914 SAFL season
The 1914 South Australian Football League season is the only time in SAFA/SAFL/SANFL history a team has gone through the entire season winning every game. In addition to going undefeated during the SAFL season, Port Adelaide beat a composite team of all the other SAFL sides and the Carlton Football Club in the Champions of Australia match played at Adelaide Oval.


1914 SAFL season, Ladder, Win/Loss table
Bold – Home gameX – ByeOpponent for round listed above margin


1914 Saint John street railway strike
The Saint John street railway strike of 1914 (sometimes called the Saint John street railwaymen's strike) was a strike by workers on the street railway system in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, which lasted from 22–24 July 1914, with rioting by Saint John inhabitants occurring on 23 and 24 July. The strike shattered the image of Saint John as a conservative town dominated primarily by ethnic and religious (rather than class) divisions, and highlighting tensions between railway industrialists and the local working population.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Political climate
The strike and subsequent riot followed in a tradition of mass militant activity which preceded it by decades. Ethno-religious conflict, embodied by struggles between Orangemen and Irish Catholics, began in the 1840s and involved repeated episodes of violence and intimidation, with Orangemen conducting armed marches through Irish neighbourhoods for decades. This conflict strengthened ethnic and religious allegiances, especially between Protestant workers and their Protestant employers.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Political climate
Warning shocks of the conflict to come were indicated by repeated episodes of crowd violence starting in the early 1900s, often revolving around holidays such as New Year's Eve, which would set a tone of decisive mass action on the part of ordinary people living in Saint John.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Street railway
Starting in 1866, public transit consisted of horse-drawn cars which mostly funneled traffic from the ocean to ferries on the Saint John River.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Street railway
The electric trolley system in Saint John made its debut in 1893 and the fledgling St. John Railway Company was quickly bought by a Montréal-based consortium which included the railway magnates W.C. Van Horne, Richard B. Angus, and Thomas G. Shaughnessy, only a year after the Canadian Pacific "Short Line" had connected Montréal to Saint John; they invested the then-substantial sum of $92,000 into the project, seen also as an investment in Saint John as a major Maritime winter port.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Street railway
Positive public opinion on the trolley system quickly soured, with citizens complaining of infrequent service and overcrowded cars. The company delayed expansion of the system to Saint John's West Side, with contemporary critics claiming it as an issue of class, arguing that "the railway clings to the streets where the nickels are the thickest." Bearing this out, the city refused to sponsor workingmen's tickets (then common in other street railways in Canada), cementing the trolley as a service inaccessible to many.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Street railway
By 1902, the company was belatedly forestalling attempts at a municipally-run trolley service by laying track along Douglas Avenue, followed by street service throughout the West Side. This issue acted as a microcosm of political relations in the province; the Tory opposition, led by John Douglas Hazen (a Saint John native), endorsed a municipal trolley service, while the ruling Liberal government instead placed the railway in charge of snow removal and street repair along its route, making a great deal of public infrastructure maintenance contingent on the railway company's goodwill.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Street railway
Following the Tory victory in the 1908 provincial election, a Board of Public Utility Commissioners was formed and given the ability to fine utility companies for violating utility regulations, raising the stakes of the struggle. A warning sign appeared on New Year's Eve in 1910, when 500-600 people vandalized a streetcar.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Street railway
In 1913, with new suburban lines seemingly not forthcoming, the city introduced bills to charter a rival railway company. Further attempts by the city to purchase the railway failed, and the company executives issued even more stock to finance moderate expansions amid complaints of overcrowding in the downtown and the inaccessibility of suburbs.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Street railway
By then, it had come under the control of Colonel Hugh H. McLean (a prominent Orangeman and maritime lawyer, known for representing Canadian Pacific and Bank of Montreal interests), F.R. Taylor (a member of his law firm), Senator W.H. Thorne (a prominent merchant), and James Manchester (part-owner of the leading wholesaler in the Maritimes). H.M. Hopper was the general manager of the company.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Railway union
In the midst of this crisis appeared Local 663 of the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees, formed on May Day 1914. Saint John was no stranger to unions, but a lack of heavy industrialization had left the city mostly a bastion of old-style craft unions, with the more socialist-influenced industrial unions such as the Industrial Workers of the World more likely to exist in major centres such as Toronto or Montréal, or in the resource industries in Northern Ontario, Québec, and the West.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Railway union
Unions would become more common by the early 1910s, however, with longshoremen and other waterfront workers, building trades, printers, cigar-makers, and tailors all forming unions, along with a Saint John Trades and Labour Council being founded, which by 1913 would represent 4,000 workers, or about 40% of the labour force of Saint John. This renewed class consciousness and class-based form of organization helped to weaken the ethnic and religious ties which bound working-class Catholics and Protestants to the company owners and divided them against each other, something which would set the stage for the antagonism to follow.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Railway union
The company reception to the formation of the eighty-member Local 663 was abrupt and decisive, with ten-year employee and local union president Fred Ramsey being summarily fired for abandoning his trolley car to go into a saloon, a charge he denied; and the company refusing to negotiate with the union's business agent. The union made a filing under the Industrial Disputes Investigation Act to challenge Ramsay's firing and threatening a strike if the company did not negotiate.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Background, Railway union
In the subsequent hearing, Ramsey's coworkers and the saloon keeper all denied that he had entered the saloon, and a company inspector failed to find evidence of any wrongdoing on Ramsey's part. Only a detective hired by the company was left claiming Ramsey's guilt. In the investigation, three trolley workers claimed harassment by company management over the union, bolstering the union's position. The investigation concluded by ruling that Ramsey would be re-hired by the company and instructing the company to negotiate with the union leadership. Instead, the company refused to re-hire Ramsey or negotiate with the union. It also instated new, very strict employee regulations, then fired more and more workers for claimed violation of them: eight men on July 18, then three on July 20, all prominent union members who were replaced with non-union workers. At 3am on July 22, the union declared a strike.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Strike
The union began with pickets at the car barns where the trolleys were stored overnight, which prevented two-thirds of the trolley cars from leaving the barns. Meanwhile, the company had hired fifty professional strikebreakers from a Montréal agency and the mayor of Saint John swore in six "special" police officers. As the day went on, many of the non-union trolley operators simply abandoned their cars in the street and joined the strikers. The union also made the tactical decision to hire a horse-drawn bus to provide service to Saint John inhabitants who were inconvenienced from the strike, winning public support and denying the company fares in the same act.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Strike
By the afternoon of July 22, crowds of bystanders had gathered to alternately cheer on the strikers and jeer at scabs. By the evening, a crowd of 2000 people had gathered to cheer on the strikers, which swelled to 7-8000 in the space of a few hours.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Strike
On July 23, fifteen strikebreakers arrived from Montréal, but union business agent Sidney Mosher warned that the union had no ability to control the crowd if it turned violent. Numerous incidents occurred of citizens blocking tracks or otherwise delaying trolleys throughout the day. The situation peaked when a mob of up to 10,000 people tossed small stones at passing trolleys in King Square, with the crowd defending itself from police attacks, disarming one policeman when he fired on them with his revolver. The street railway workers maintained strict discipline and were not involved in the fight.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Strike
By 9pm, Mayor James Frink had made the decision to read the Riot Act to the crowd, which ignored him. The local police immediately requested backup in the form of a detachment of the Royal Canadian Dragoons, who charged the crowd on horseback, beating the crowd with their ceremonial swords. Again, the crowd repulsed this attack, with injuries among the crowd and dragoons both, with the Globe later referring to the attack as "vicious".


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Strike
Incensed, the crowd overturned nearby trolley cars, then proceeded to the headquarters of the St. John Railway Company, smashing windows and shutting down the city's electrical generators. The emboldened crowd advanced to the car sheds to set fire to them, but were driven off by armed Pinkerton and Thiel strikebreakers, who fired on the crowd. Meanwhile, the mayor called up five hundred militiamen who stood guard overnight, though by then the crowd had dispersed. By evening, however, crowds had reappeared and hampered trolley services from operating again, with stones and other projectiles thrown and the non-union trolley crews abandoning their cars to be towed back to their car barns under militia protection.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Strike
The deadlock was broken by Fred Ramsey's resignation as union president in exchange for accepting a job with the city public works department, a deal negotiated between him and John B.M. Baxter, the city recorder, who acted as an informal negotiator. In exchange, the company agreed to re-hire the fired workers and to guarantee them a right of appeal against dismissals in the future, with an agreement ratified by 11:30 that night.


1914 Saint John street railway strike, Aftermath
Saint John, seen as a conservative town with a highly established social order, was wracked with controversy as a result of the rioting. Newspapers were indignant about the loss of public order. Politicians, conscious of the unpopularity of the railway company, refused to pay for the damages incurred (a total of $15,560) by rioters. Additionally, almost all of the rioters escaped with minor injuries, and those who were arrested mostly had their charges dismissed. All were soon distracted by the First World War, which quickly buried memories of the strike and riot. The railway company was bought by a local syndicate in 1917, its profitability having been damaged by wartime inflation of labour and materials costs.


1914 Saint Louis Billikens football team
The 1914 Saint Louis Billikens football team was an American football team that represented Saint Louis University during the 1914 college football season. In their third and final season under head coach Frank Dennie, the Billikens compiled a 5–4 record and outscored opponents by a total of 227 to 115. The team played its home games at Sportsman's Park at St. Louis.


1914 Santos FC season
The 1914 season was the third season for Santos Futebol Clube, a Brazilian football club, based in the Vila Belmiro bairro, Zona Intermediária, Santos, Brazil.


1914 Saskatchewan Huskies football team
The 1914 Saskatchewan Huskies football team represented the University of Saskatchewan in Canadian football. This was their second season and their first as a team that represented all colleges on campus.


1914 Senboku earthquake
The 1914 Senboku earthquake (Japanese: 1914年秋田仙北地震) occurred on March 15, 1914 at 04:59 or 05:00 local time (or March 14 at 20:00 UTC) according to various sources in northern Japan. The earthquake had a magnitude of Ms 7.0.


1914 Senboku earthquake
The epicenter was in Akita Prefecture, Japan. Ninety-four people died and 324 were injured. Senboku District (Japanese: 仙北郡) was seriously affected. The earthquake caused liquefaction. Explosions simultaneous with the earthquake were reported in Mount Asama.


1914 Sewanee Tigers football team
The 1914 Sewanee Tigers football team represented the Sewanee Tigers of Sewanee: The University of the South during the 1914 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season.


1914 Sewanee Tigers football team, Before the season
Coach Harris Cope was assisted by several former Sewanee greats, such as Henry D. Phillips and Frank Juhan and Silas Williams and George Watkins.


1914 Sewanee Tigers football team, Game summaries, Cumberland
Lee Tolley was a part of the longest kick return in school history, a 90-yard run against Cumberland.


1914 Sewanee Tigers football team, Game summaries, Florida
The Tigers shutout Florida 26–0. Florida was outplayed in the first half. In the final period,  Tolley had an 85-yard touchdown run.


1914 Sewanee Tigers football team, Game summaries, Alabama
Alabama was defeated 18–0. Tolley was a part of the first triple-pass in Sewanee history.


1914 Sewanee Tigers football team, Game summaries, Tennessee
An account of the Tennessee game reads "Lindsay, as usual, ploughed through the opposing line for consistent gains, and when it was absolutely necessary that Tennessee gain a certain number of yards 'Russ' was sure to be called upon...Mush Kerr played a wonderful game in the line as did Capt. Kelly. The work of the Tennessee line was easily the feature of the contest, and Sewanee early discovered that it was practically useless to rely on line plunges to gain ground."


1914 Sewanee Tigers football team, Game summaries, Vanderbilt
Sewanee beat rival Vanderbilt for the first time since the championship year of 1909, 14–13. Tolley had a 75-yard touchdown run, and was awarded with a gold fob for the victory. One account reads "For brilliance and beauty of execution, (Tolley's play) has had few equals, if any, in the South, and the Tiger leader retires from the game as the premier quarterback in the S.I.A.A., beyond a doubt." His performance included a 75-yard punt return for a touchdown.


1914 Sheffield Attercliffe by-election
The Sheffield Attercliffe by-election of 1914 was held on 28 December 1914. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Labour MP, Joseph Pointer. It was won by the Labour candidate William Crawford Anderson, who was elected unopposed.


1914 Shells of Fury
1914 Shells of Fury is a submarine simulation video game set during World War I. The game centers on commanding Kaiserliche Marine U-boats from the beginning of the War in 1914 to its end. It was developed by German studio h2f Informationssysteme and published by Strategy First in 2007.


1914 Shells of Fury, Reception
Critical reception for the PC version was mixed. The review aggregator website GameRankings gives the game a score of 46% out of 100%, basing its ranking on three other articles found about the game.


1914 Shells of Fury, Reception
Subsim also reviewed the game, saying "Shells of Fury (SOF) has to be one of the strangest subsims released in quite a while. It takes on a neglected era (WWI), looks very retro, and appears to have been almost dumped on the market with no real ambition or pretensions."


1914 Shells of Fury, Reception
The reviewer of GameZone said "I wanted this game to be what it looked like — a deeply enriching experience in a WWI sub, which has not been done before. I wanted it to be a version of Battleship — on steroids. It is, instead, a tentative little game without much depth."


1914 South Carolina Gamecocks football team
The 1914 South Carolina Gamecocks football team represented the University of South Carolina during the 1914 college football season.


1914 South Carolina gubernatorial election
The 1914 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1914, to select the governor of the state of South Carolina. Richard Irvine Manning III emerged from the crowded Democratic primary to win in the runoff and overwhelmingly won the effectively one-party state's general election to become the 92nd governor of South Carolina.


1914 South Carolina gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
The South Carolina Democratic Party held their primary for governor on August 25 and progressive reformer Richard Irvine Manning III emerged as the winner in a crowded field. He garnered the support from the candidates eliminated in the runoff election and was able to score a decisive victory over John Gardiner Richards, Jr., the candidate favored by former governor Coleman Livingston Blease, on September 8.


1914 South Carolina gubernatorial election, General election
The general election was held on November 3, 1914, and Richard Irvine Manning III was elected the next governor of South Carolina. Being a non-presidential election and few contested races, turnout was much less than the previous gubernatorial election.


1914 South Dakota Coyotes football team
The 1914 South Dakota Coyotes football team represented the University of South Dakota during the 1914 college football season. In Ion Cortright's 1st year as head coach, the Coyotes compiled a 5–2–1 record, and outscored their opponents 111 to 75. The Coyotes played a tough schedule, with regional powerhouses Nebraska, Notre Dame, and Minnesota. South Dakota did not manage to win any of these contests, but they did break a 14 game winning streak when they tied Nebraska 0–0 at Lincoln, and would become the Cornhuskers only blemish in a 34 game stretch from 1912 to 1916.


1914 South Dakota gubernatorial election
The 1914 South Dakota gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1914. Despite a close election in 1912, incumbent Republican Governor Frank M. Byrne defeated Democratic nominee James W. McCarter, an Edmunds County Judge, with 50.07% of the vote. Coincidently, Bryne's Democratic opponent in 1912, Edwin S. Johnson, was elected the same year to represent South Dakota in the United States Senate.


1914 South Dakota gubernatorial election, Primary elections
The state Primary elections were held on March 24, 1914.


1914 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
The 1914 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season was the college football games played by the member schools of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association as part of the 1914 college football season. The season began on September 26.


1914 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
Tennessee and Auburn both claim conference championships. It was the first championship of any kind for the Tennessee program. Vanderbilt no longer dominated the South by 1914.


1914 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season, Awards and honors, All-Southern team
The composite All-Southern team compiled from a total of seven sports writers, coaches, and others by Z. G. Clevenger, University of Tennessee athletic director included:


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election
The Southern Rhodesia Legislative Council election of 18 March 1914 was the sixth election to the Legislative Council of Southern Rhodesia. The Legislative Council had resolved in 1913 that it should have twelve elected members, together with six members nominated by the British South Africa Company, and the Administrator of Southern Rhodesia. The Resident Commissioner of Southern Rhodesia also sat on the Legislative Council ex officio but without the right to vote. This office was first held by Robert Burns-Begg, from 1 April 1915 by Herbert James Stanley, and from 1 April 1918 by Crawford Douglas Douglas-Jones.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Franchise
In 1912 the franchise arrangements had been altered for the first time since the Legislative Council was established. To be eligible for registration as an elector, the voter had to be a British subject by birth or naturalisation, male, over the age of 21, and to have lived in Southern Rhodesia for six months continuously, as before. Where previously a voter had to be able to sign their name and write their address and occupation, they were now required to be able to complete the registration form in their own handwriting if required, and to write from dictation fifty words in the English language.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Franchise
The means qualifications were doubled, so that voters had to have either occupied immovable property worth £150 within the electoral district, or have received salary or wages of £100 per annum. As before, ownership of a registered mining claim in Southern Rhodesia also qualified a voter, whether resident or not.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Boundaries
New districts were drawn up for this election by a delimitation board. A policy decision was made that each district should return a single member, and the delimitation board was charged with producing district with an equal number of voters, taking into account community or diversity of interests, means of communication, physical features and sparsity or density of population. The board was permitted to depart by up to 20% from absolute equality, if the board thought fit. In the end, three of the districts were almost entirely urban (Salisbury, Bulawayo North and Bulawayo South) while all the others contained substantial areas of countryside.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Parties
Previous elections to the Legislative Council were contested by individuals standing on their own records. By 1914, although no political parties had been created, the candidates for the Legislative Council were broadly grouped in two camps. The first camp were supporters of the renewal of the Charter from the British South Africa Company and therefore of the present administration of Southern Rhodesia. The second camp favoured moves towards full self-government within the Empire. The election results showed that the supporters of self-government were decisively defeated in every district, although the subsequent byelection in Marandellas did give them a single seat.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Results
In some cases there were differing figures for the electorate given by the Rhodesia Herald and the Bulawayo Chronicle.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Results
Note: Gordon Stewart Drummond Forbes was absent during the second session; Burton Ireland Collings and William Beverley Bucknall were absent during the third and fourth sessions; and Herman Melville Hayman was absent during the fourth session.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Changes during the assembly, Marandellas
John McChlery lodged an election petition against the result in Marandellas, and succeeded in establishing that he had actually won. He was declared elected on 5 June 1914.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Changes during the assembly, Northern
John Arnold Edmonds resigned from the Legislative Council through a letter dated 8 February 1915, and as a result a byelection was held on 26 April. Of the two candidates, Robert Garvin did not definitively state a policy on whether Southern Rhodesia should seek immediate self-government or continue with its present administration, while Frederick Eyles was a supporter of self-government.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Changes during the assembly, Bulawayo South District
Gordon Forbes died of wounds received in action on 27 July 1915, and a byelection was held on 25 October. George Stewart was a supporter of the 'present administration' while Herbert Longden wanted immediate self-government.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Nominated members
The members nominated by the British South Africa Company were:


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Nominated members
James Donald Mackenzie (Acting Attorney-General) replaced Clarkson Henry Tredgold during his absence, on 4 June 1914 and 8 April 1915. Ernest Charles Baxter (Controller of Customs) temporarily replaced Dr Eric Arthur Nobbs during his absence on 8 April 1915. Percival Donald Leslie Fynn (Acting Treasurer) replaced Francis James Newton temporarily during his absence on 28 April 1916.


1914 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election, Nominated members
George Duthie resigned from the Council in 1916 and was replaced by Ernest Charles Baxter, Controller of Customs and Excise, on 31 March 1916. Baxter was temporarily replaced by Percival Donald Leslie Fynn during his absence on 13 April 1917. James Hutchison Kennedy died in February 1916, and was replaced by George Henry Eyre (Postmaster-General) on 14 April 1916. James Donald Mackenzie as Solicitor General replaced Clarkson Henry Tredgold during his absence on 3 May 1918 and 2 May 1919. When Francis James Newton was absent during the sixth session of the Council in 1919, Percival Donald Leslie Fynn (Acting Treasurer) was named to the council on 25 April 1919.


1914 Southwest Texas State football team
The 1914 Southwest Texas State football team was an American football team that represented Southwest Texas State Normal School—now known as Texas State University–as an independent during the 1914 college football season. The team was led by first-year head coach C. Spurgeon Smith and finished the season with a record of 2–6. The team's captain was Raydo Leonard, who played halfback.


1914 Southwestern Louisiana Industrial football team
The 1914 Southwestern Louisiana Industrial football team was an American football team that represented the Southwestern Louisiana Industrial Institute (now known as the University of Louisiana at Lafayette) as an independent during the 1914 college football season. In their first year under head coach R. B. Dunbar, the team compiled a 5–3 record.


1914 Spanish general election
The 1914 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 8 March and on Sunday, 22 March 1914, to elect the 15th Restoration Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain. All 408 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate.


1914 Spanish general election
For the first time since the approval of the 1876 Constitution, neither of the major parties (Conservatives or Liberals) were able to command a majority on their own. As a result, Conservative Eduardo Dato had to govern in minority, relying on support from Antonio Maura's faction.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Background
The Spanish Constitution of 1876 enshrined Spain as a constitutional monarchy, awarding the King power to name senators and to revoke laws, as well as the title of commander-in-chief of the army. The King would also play a key role in the system of El Turno Pacífico (the Peaceful Turn) by appointing and toppling governments and allowing the opposition to take power. Under this system, the Conservative and Liberal parties alternated in power by means of election rigging, which they achieved through the encasillado, using the links between the Ministry of Governance, the provincial civil governors, and the local bosses (caciques) to ensure victory and exclude minor parties from the power sharing.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Electoral system
The Spanish Cortes were envisaged as "co-legislative bodies", based on a nearly perfect bicameralism. Both the Congress of Deputies and the Senate had legislative, control and budgetary functions, sharing equal powers except for laws on contributions or public credit, where the Congress had preeminence. Voting for the Cortes was on the basis of universal manhood suffrage, which comprised all national males over twenty-five, having at least a two-year residency in a municipality and in full enjoyment of their civil rights. Voting was compulsory except for those older than 70, the clergy, first instance judges and public notaries.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Electoral system
For the Congress of Deputies, 173 seats were elected using a partial block voting in 44 multi-member constituencies, with the remaining 235 being elected under a one-round first-past-the-post system in single-member districts. Candidates winning a plurality in each constituency were elected.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Electoral system
In constituencies electing ten seats or more, electors could vote for no more than four candidates less than the number of seats to be allocated; in those with more than eight seats and up to ten, for no more than three less; in those with more than four seats and up to eight, for no more than two less; in those with more than one seat and up to four, for no more than one less; and for one candidate in single-member districts.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Electoral system
Additionally, in single-member districts where candidates ran unopposed, as well as in multi-member districts where the number of candidates was equal or less than the number of seats to be filled, candidates were to be automatically proclaimed without an election.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Electoral system
The Congress was entitled to one member per each 50,000 inhabitants, with each multi-member constituency being allocated a fixed number of seats: 13 for Barcelona and Madrid, 6 for Valencia, 5 for La Coruña, Palma, Santander and Seville, 4 for Alicante, Almería, Badajoz, Córdoba, Huelva, Jaén, Lugo, Málaga, Murcia and Oviedo and 3 for Alcázar de San Juan, Alcoy, Algeciras, Bilbao, Burgos, Cádiz, Cartagena, Castellón de la Plana, Ciudad Real, El Ferrol, Gijón, Granada, Jerez de la Frontera, Las Palmas, Lérida, Llerena, Lorca, Orense, Pamplona, Pontevedra, San Sebastián, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tarragona, Valladolid, Vera, Vigo and Zaragoza. The law also provided for by-elections to fill seats vacated throughout the legislature.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Electoral system
For the Senate, 180 seats were indirectly elected, with electors voting for delegates instead of senators. Elected delegates—equivalent in number to one-sixth of the councillors in each municipal corporation—would then vote for senators using a write-in, two-round majority voting system. The provinces of Barcelona, Madrid and Valencia were allocated four seats each, whereas each of the remaining provinces was allocated three seats, for a total of 150.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Electoral system
The remaining 30 were allocated to a number of institutions, electing one seat each—the Archdioceses of Burgos, Granada, Santiago de Compostela, Seville, Tarragona, Toledo, Valencia, Valladolid and Zaragoza; the Royal Spanish Academy; the Royal Academies of History, Fine Arts, Sciences, Moral and Political Sciences and Medicine; the Universities of Madrid, Barcelona, Granada, Oviedo, Salamanca, Santiago, Seville, Valencia, Valladolid and Zaragoza; and the Economic Societies of Friends of the Country from Madrid, Barcelona, León, Seville and Valencia.


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Electoral system
An additional 180 seats comprised senators in their own right—the Monarch's offspring and the heir apparent once coming of age; Grandees of Spain of the first class; Captain Generals of the Army and the Navy Admiral; the Patriarch of the Indies and archbishops; as well as other high-ranking state figures—and senators for life (who were appointed by the Monarch).


1914 Spanish general election, Overview, Election date
The term of each House of the Cortes—the Congress and one-half of the elective part of the Senate—expired five years from the date of their previous election, unless they were dissolved earlier. The Monarch had the prerogative to dissolve both Houses at any given time—either jointly or separately—and call a snap election.


1914 St. Louis Browns season
The 1914 St. Louis Browns season involved the Browns finishing 5th in the American League with a record of 71 wins and 82 losses.


1914 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 St. Louis Cardinals season
The 1914 St. Louis Cardinals season was the team's 33rd season in St. Louis, Missouri and its 23rd season in the National League. The Cardinals went 81–72 during the season and finished 3rd in the National League.


1914 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 St. Louis Cardinals season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 St. Louis Terriers season
The 1914 St. Louis Terriers season was a season in American baseball. The Terriers finished in 8th place in the Federal League, 25 games behind the Indianapolis Hoosiers.


1914 St. Louis Terriers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 St. Louis Terriers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1914 St. Louis Terriers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 St. Louis Terriers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 St. Louis Terriers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1914 Stanley Cup Finals
The 1914 Stanley Cup Finals was a series between the Victoria Aristocrats, champions of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA), and the Toronto Hockey Club, champions of the National Hockey Association (NHA). The Torontos defeated the Aristocrats in three games to win the best-of-five series. It was the first officially sanctioned series for the Stanley Cup between the two leagues, starting the "World's Series" era where the NHL champion played off against a PCHA or Western league champion annually for the Stanley Cup. It was also the final series of the "challenge" era, where inter-league series for the Stanley Cup were sanctioned by the Stanley Cup trustees. An anticipated follow-on challenge series between Toronto and Sydney, champions of the Maritime League did not take place as Sydney abandoned their challenge for the Cup.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Paths to the Finals
Nearing the end of the season, the NHA made arrangements for the NHA champion to receive a challenge from the Sydney Millionaires, Maritime champions, ordered by the Stanley Cup trustees. As arranged by the NHA, the series would have taken place on March 9–11. After that, the winner would face off in a series with the PCHA champions in Toronto. NHA Season ended in a tie. So a 2-game series was set for March 7 & March 11 to declare the NHA Champion and Stanley Cup Champion. Montreal and Toronto each to host a game.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Toronto Blueshirts vs. Montreal Canadiens
Because of the NHA playoff game, the series with Sydney Millionaires was postponed. After dispatching the Canadiens, the Blue Shirts series with Sydeny was cancelled. Toronto agreed to play a best of 5 series against the Victoria Aristocrats of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association. A controversy erupted when a letter arrived from the Stanley Cup trustees on March 17, stating that the trustees would not let the Stanley Cup travel west, as they did not consider Victoria a proper challenger because they had not formally notified the trustees.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Toronto Blueshirts vs. Montreal Canadiens
However, on March 18, Trustee William Foran stated that it was a misunderstanding. PCHA president Frank Patrick had not filed a challenge, because he had expected Emmett Quinn of the NHA to make all of the arrangements in his role as hockey commissioner, whereas the trustees thought they were being deliberately ignored. In any case, all arrangements had been ironed out and the series was accepted.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Toronto Blueshirts vs. Montreal Canadiens
Several days later, Foran wrote to Quinn that the trustees are "perfectly satisfied to allow the representatives of the three pro leagues (NHA, PCHA and Maritime) to make all arrangements each season as to the series of matches to be played for the Cup."


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
The first game, the first Stanley Cup game in Toronto, was played under NHA rules. Toronto won 5–2 as the "Coast Champions Did Not Show Expected Form" according to the Toronto Globe. Victoria had too much individual play and not enough "team play and combination work."


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Scotty Davidson, Toronto's captain, sat out the second game due to the flu. The second game was seven-man hockey, played under PCHA rules, which also meant dividing up the ice into three zones, with the centre zone open to "off-side" passing. Toronto led 3–2 after the first period. Lester Patrick scored twice and Tommy Dunderdale scored in the second to give Victoria a 5–3 lead after two periods. Frank Foyston scored twice in the third to tie the score, sending it to overtime. McGiffin scored the winning goal after 18 minutes of overtime.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Davidson returned for the third game as a substitute for Cully Wilson. The Victoria forwards back-checked well and reduced the shooting opportunities of Toronto. The game had a lot of rough play, and "the man with the puck was generally sent sprawling before he had a chance to shoot," according to The Globe. The Victoria forwards played a good game bringing many shots against Toronto's Harry Holmes in net. Victoria's Patrick injured his wrist in the second period and could not shoot after that.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Davidson and Bobby Genge started a fight at 15 minutes of the third period, clearing the benches. Foyston scored for Toronto in the second period, and Cameron scored in the third to score the winning goal. Victoria's Dubby Kerr scored with seven minutes to go, but Victoria was not able to get an equalizer.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Total attendance for the series was 14,260 for an average of 4,753 in the 7,500 capacity Arena. At the time, professional hockey was less of a draw than Ontario Hockey Association (OHA) senior hockey. Two games between local OHA senior teams had combined to exceed 14,000 total attendance. The Torontos players and staff received $297 each as their share of the gate receipts.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Toronto: Harry "Happy" Holmes goal; George McNamara, point; Jack Marshall, cover point; Frank Foyston, centre; Allan "Scotty" Davidson, Capt., right wing; Jack Walker, left wing; Spares -Con Corbeau -P, Roy "Minnie" McGiffin -RW, Carol "Cully" Wilson -LW, Claude Wilson -G.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Victorias: Bert Lindsay, goal; Bob Genge, point; Lester Patrick, cover point; Tommy Dunderdale, centre; George "Sinner" Poulin, right wing; Albert "Dubbie" Kerr, left wing; Bobby Rowe -RW, Walter Smaill -LW, Jack Ulrich -RW.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Toronto: Holmes, Harry 'Happy" Holmes goal; George McNamara, point; Jack Marshall, cover point; Jack Walker, Rover; Frank Foyston, centre; Allan "Scotty" Davidson, Capt., right wing; Carol "Cully" Wilson, left wing; Spares - Carol "Cully" Wilson - LW, Con Corbeau -P, Roy "Minnie" McGiffin -RW, Claude Wilson -G.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Victorias: Bert Lindsay, goal; Bob Genge, point; Lester Patrick, cover point; George "Sinner" Poulin Rover; Tommy Dunderdale, centre; Albert "Dubbie" Kerr, right wing; Walter Smaill-LW, left wing; Bobby Rowe -RW, Jack Ulrich -RW. Officials: Russell Bowie, referee, Tommy Phillips, judge of play.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Toronto: Harry "Happy" Holmes goal; George McNamara, point; Jack Marshall, cover point; Frank Foyston, centre; Allan "Scotty" Davidson, Capt., right wing; Jack Walker, left wing; Spares -Con Corbeau -P, Roy "Minnie" McGiffin RW, Carol "Cully" Wilson -LW, Claude Wilson -G.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Game summaries
Victorias: Bert Lindsay, goal; Bob Genge, point; Lester Patrick, cover point; Tommy Dunderdale, centre; George "Sinner" Poulin, right wing; Albert "Dubbie" Kerr, left wing; Bobby Rowe -RW, Walter Smaill-LW, Jack Ulrich-RW.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving
The 1914 Stanley Cup was presented by the trophy's trustee William Foran.


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving
The following Toronto Hockey Club players and staff were eligible to have their names engraved on the Stanley Cup


1914 Stanley Cup Finals, Stanley Cup engraving, Stanley Cup engraving
"1914 Toronto H.C." is engraved on the 1947 ring connecting the upper trophy to the barrel


1914 Star
The 1914 Star, colloquially known as the Mons Star, is a British World War I campaign medal for service in France or Belgium between 5 August and 22 November 1914.


1914 Star, Institution
The 1914 Star was authorised under Special Army Order no. 350 in November 1917 and by an Admiralty Fleet Order in January 1918, for award to officers and men of the British and Indian Expeditionary Forces who served in France or Belgium between 5 August and midnight of 22–23 November 1914. The former date is the day after Britain's declaration of war against the Central Powers, and the closing date marks the end of the First Battle of Ypres.


1914 Star, Clasp
A clasp was instituted in 1919, as published in Army Order no. 361 of 16 October 1919. The clasp, together with two small silver roses, was awarded to those who had served under fire or who had operated within range of enemy mobile artillery in France or Belgium during the period between 5 August and 22 November 1914. An order for 350,000 clasps to be manufactured was placed by the War Office.


1914 Star, Clasp
Approximately 145,000 to 150,000 clasps were issued, although the exact number is unknown since the clasp had to be claimed personally by the recipients, of whom a large number had either been demobilised from the army in early 1919 so were not receiving army orders and thus neglected to apply or had died in the intervening period. Those Army units and formations that were eligible were listed in the appendix to Army Order no. 361 of 16 October 1919.


1914 Star, Clasp
Admiralty Fleet Order 4036 dated 17 December 1919 concludes with a similar list of formations in paragraph 6, albeit those that are not eligible and therefore do not qualify for the clasp. Paragraph 4 was explicit that 'clasps earned by deceased Officers and men will be issued to their Legatees or Next of Kin entitled to receive them'.


1914 Star, Clasp
It was proposed that the clasp be automatically issued to the next of kin of the deceased, and this was approved by the Secretary of State for War on 17 July 1919. This was explicitly documented in the aforementioned Admiralty Fleet Order 4036, but was not in Army Order no. 361. Nonetheless, those fatalities whose next of kin were automatically issued a clasp by the War Office are denoted with a green letter "C" on the respective 1914 Star medal roll for their unit.


1914 Star, Clasp
When the ribbon bar alone was worn, recipients of the clasp to the medal wore a small silver rosette button on the ribbon bar.


1914 Star, Recipients
The 1914 Star was principally an Army award, although some Royal Navy personnel who served ashore at Antwerp during the qualifying period received the medal. A few women who served in France and Belgium as nurses or auxiliaries during the qualifying period were also awarded the medal.


1914 Star, Recipients
The majority of recipients were officers and men of the pre-war British army, specifically the British Expeditionary Force, also known as the Old Contemptibles, who landed in France soon after the outbreak of the War and who took part in the Retreat from Mons, hence the medal's nickname "Mons Star". Approximately 1,000 were awarded to members of the Royal Flying Corps, of whom 300 received the clasp.


1914 Star, Recipients
There were 160 awarded to members of the 2nd Canadian Stationary Hospital who served with the British Expeditionary Force, whose deployment commenced on 6 November 1914. A more significant quantity were awarded to the Indian Army contingent, comprising the I Corps (British India) and the Indian Cavalry Corps. A total of 11,487 were issued by the Admiralty, with 435 issued to the Royal Naval Air Service.


1914 Star, Recipients
The 1914 Star was never awarded singly. Recipients also received the British War Medal and Victory Medal, but did not qualify for the very similar 1914–15 Star since no person could receive both Stars. These three medals, with either Star included, were sometimes irreverently referred to as "Pip, Squeak and Wilfred", after three comic strip characters, a dog, a penguin and a rabbit, which were popular in the immediate post-war era.


1914 Star, Description
The medal is a four-pointed star of bright bronze, ensigned with a crown, with a height of 50 millimetres (2.0 in) (62 millimetres (2.4 in) with the ring suspension included) and a width of 44 millimetres (1.7 in). The medal and suspension assembly was struck in one piece.


1914 Star, Description
The obverse has two crossed gladii (swords) with their blades upwards, the points and hilts of which form what might appear to be four additional points to the star. The swords are overlaid by a wreath of oak leaves, with the Royal Cypher of George V at the base of the wreath and a central S-shaped scroll inscribed "AUG 1914 NOV".


1914 Star, Description
The reverse is plain and is impressed with the recipient's number, rank, name and regiment or unit.


1914 Star, Description
The clasp, inscribed "5th AUG.–22nd NOV. 1914", was struck in bronze and is 31 millimetres (1.2 in) wide and 5 millimetres (0.20 in) high, while the ribbon bar rosettes are in silver. The clasp was sewn onto the ribbon.


1914 Star, Description
The ribbon is 32 millimetres (1.3 in) wide and has the red, white and blue colours of the flag of the United Kingdom in shaded and watered bands. The same ribbon was used for the 1914–15 Star.


1914 Star, Order of wear
The order of wear of the First World War campaign stars and medals is as follows:


1914 State of the Union Address
The 1914 State of the Union Address was given by Woodrow Wilson, the 28th United States president, on Tuesday, December 8, 1914, to both houses of 63rd United States Congress.


1914 State of the Union Address
He concluded it with, "To develop our life and our resources; to supply our own people, and the people of the world as their need arises, from the abundant plenty of our fields and our marts of trade to enrich the commerce of our own States and of the world with the products of our mines, our farms, and our factories, with the creations of our thought and the fruits of our character,-this is what will hold our attention and our enthusiasm steadily, now and in the years to come, as we strive to show in our life as a nation what liberty and the inspirations of an emancipated spirit may do for men and for societies, for individuals, for states, and for mankind."


1914 Swansea District by-election
The Swansea District by-election of 1914 was held on 13 August 1914. The by-election was held due to the incumbent Liberal MP, Sir David Brynmor Jones, becoming Recorder of Cardiff. It was retained by Jones who was unopposed due to a War-time electoral pact.


1914 Swiss constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Switzerland on 25 October 1914. The proposed amendments of article 103 and the addition of article 114bis were approved by 62.3% of voters and a majority of cantons.


1914 Swiss constitutional referendum, Background
In order to pass, any amendments to the constitution needed a double majority; a majority of the popular vote and majority of the cantons. The decision of each canton was based on the vote in that canton. Full cantons counted as one vote, whilst half cantons counted as half.


1914 Swiss federal election
Federal elections were held in Switzerland on 25 October 1914. The Free Democratic Party retained its majority in the National Council.


1914 Swiss federal election, Electoral system
The 189 members of the National Council were elected in 49 single- and multi-member constituencies using a three-round system. Candidates had to receive a majority in the first or second round to be elected; if it went to a third round, only a plurality was required. Voters could cast as many votes as there were seats in their constituency. There was one seat for every 20,000 citizens, with seats allocated to cantons in proportion to their population.


1914 Swiss federal election, Results, National Council, Summary
Voter turnout was highest in Aargau at 85.9% (higher than the 78.7% in Schaffhausen where voting was compulsory) and lowest in Zug at 21.2%.


1914 Sydney Carnival
The 1914 Sydney Carnival was the third edition of the Australian National Football Carnival, an Australian rules football interstate competition. It was held between Wednesday 5 August and Saturday 15 August 1914. Victoria was the winning state, going undefeated through the competition.


1914 Sydney Carnival
The carnival, which was the first to take place in New South Wales, was contested by teams from each of the six states: Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania, New South Wales and Queensland. Interest in the event was overshadowed by the declarations of war by Britain on Germany on 4 August, and the opening manoeuvres of World War I which followed. Altogether, the event made a loss, drawing at the gate enough to cover approximately half of its operating expenses.


1914 Sydney Carnival, Teams
New South Wales: W. Abotomey, D. Baird, A. Vincent, E. Tyson, A. Ratcliffe, W. Webb, W. Davis, T. Harris, A. Jackson, Les. Clarke, V. McCann, E. Stevens, B. Ellis, F. McCargill, F. McDonald, Fisher, R. Blackburn, R. Robertson, A. Erickson, G. Parr, R. Stephenson, E. Stewart, J. Cannon, E. McFadden, R. McInerney. Manager, W. Strickland.


1914 Sydney Carnival, Teams
Queensland: D. Arnall, G. Beech, E. Bliss, E. Crouch, W. H. Cooke, A. J. Cowley, D. Duffy, W. East, A. Grieves, J. H. Hawke, P. W. Jones, C. Law- rence, S. McKinley, A. McPherson, A. C. McCaul, J. Minus, W. Maroney, D. Ogilvy, A. C. Roberts, A. E. Skuce, P. R. Willshire, G. Wilson, L. Wilson.


1914 Sydney Carnival, Teams
South Australia: W. Mayman, F. H. Golding, D. V. McDougall (Sturt), W. H. Oliver; J. C. Watson, F. G. Magor, J. W. Robertson, A. McFarlane, J. Ashley, A. Congear (Port Adelaide). F. H. Keen, J. J. Tredrea, F. M. Barry (South Adelaide), S. Patten, D. Low (West Torrens). A. Klose, E. Johns, T. Leahy, L. Thomas (North Adelaide), W. H. Dowling, J. R. Hanley, H. R. Head (West Adelaide), Manager, Mr. J. Hodge.


1914 Sydney Carnival, Teams
Tasmania: Absolom, Aulsebrook, R. Bailey, Bennison, Burton, Jack, Bastick J. Barnett, R. Coogan. R. Cooper, C. Dunn (vice-captain), J. Dunn, Flanagan, Goddard, Hanigan, J. Pennicott, Randall, L. Russell, Bailey (captain), Barnett, Margetts, Morrison, Pugh.


1914 Sydney Carnival, Teams
Victoria: Baud, Dick, Haughton (Carlton), Green, Jackson, W. H. Lee (Collingwood), C. Gove, P. Ogden (Essendon), Holden, Cooper, Johnson (Fitzroy), Grigg, Heinz, Marsham (Geelong), McNamara, Eicke, Schmidt (St Kilda), Lilley (Melbourne), Charge, Sloss (South Melbourne), Brake, Woods (University), James (Richmond).


1914 Sydney Carnival, Teams
West Australia: Smith, Hebbard, Robinson, Scullion, Hurley, Daly, Sullivan, Slattery, Eddy (Goldfields), Burns, Limb, Sellars, Doig, Tapping, Youlden, Truscott, Thomas, McIntosh, Cain, Tomkins, Fisher, Oakley, Matson, Mose (Coastal League).


1914 Sydney Carnival, Teams
Umpires: Jack Elder from Victoria, Henry "Ivo" Crapp from West Australia, S. F. Carter from South Australia and L. J. Pitcher (New South Wales).


1914 Sydney Carnival, Results, Other awards and events
At the completion of the tournament, the best player from each state was awarded a gold medal, also known as Referee Medals, named after the Sydney newspaper. The winners were:


1914 Sydney Carnival, Results, Other awards and events
Additional events held as part of the carnival included a series of junior and schoolboys' representative matches, played in timeslots not occupied by senior matches, as well as a goalkicking competition and a long-distance kicking competition, in both of which the best Australian rules football players in each discipline faced off against rugby league star Dally Messenger.


1914 Syracuse Orangemen football team
The 1914 Syracuse Orangemen football team represented Syracuse University during the 1914 NCAA football season. The head coach was Frank "Buck" O'Neill, coaching his fourth season with the Orangemen. The team played their home games at Archbold Stadium in Syracuse, New York.


1914 TCU football team
The 1914 TCU football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1914 college football season. Led by Stanley A. Boles in his first and only year as head coach, TCU compiled an overall record of 4–4–2. The team's captain was Crawford Reeder, who played center. The Frogs played their home games in Fort Worth, Texas.


1914 Tempe Normal Owls football team
The 1914 Tempe Normal Owls football team was an American football team that represented Tempe Normal School (later renamed Arizona State University) as an independent during the 1914 college football season. In their first season under head coach George Schaeffer, the Owls compiled a 4–3 record and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 143 to 97. The team's games included a 34–0 loss in the Arizona–Arizona State football rivalry. Gordon Johnston was the team captain.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1914 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The team won the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association, the first championship of any kind for the Tennessee program. Winning all nine of their games, the 1914 squad was only the second undefeated team in Tennessee history. The 1914 Vols were retroactively awarded a national championship by 1st-N-Goal, though this remains largely unrecognized.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Before the season
In 1913, the Volunteers had a winning record for the first time since 1908 and won their first Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association game since 1910. The team lost captain Sam Hayley.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, King
King College was defeated almost as easily as Carson-Newman, 55–3.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, Clemson
The Volunteers beat Clemson 27–0. Tennessee scored twice on forward passes, and Clemson tried several passes but none were successful. The starting lineup was Carroll (left end), G. Vowell (left tackle), Taylor (left guard), McLean (center), Kerr (right guard), Kelly (right tackle), Greenwood (right end), May (quarterback), Thomason (left halfback), Rainey (right halfback), Lindsay (fullback).


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, Louisville
Tennessee's backfield starred in the 66–0 defeat of Louisville. The starting lineup was Carroll (left end), G. Vowell (left tackle), Kerr (left guard), McLean (center), Taylor (right guard), Kelly (right tackle), Sorrells (right end), May (quarterback), Thomason (left halfback), Rainey (right halfback), Lindsay (fullback).


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, Alabama
Alabama quarterback Charlie Joplin was ruled ineligible by the SIAA for refusing to sign an affidavit that he had not played professional baseball, and Tennessee halfback Red Rainey was out with injury. Tennessee won 17–7. The first score came on a 40-yard pass from Bill May to Scotty Cameron. A 22-yard pass to Goat Carroll got the next score. Alabama's score came in the second period, when Bully Van de Graaff picked up a Farmer Kelly fumble and ran 50 yards for a touchdown. Cameron kicked a field goal to make it 17.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, Alabama
The starting lineup was Carroll (left end), Bayer (left tackle), Kerr (left guard), McLean (center), Taylor (right guard), Kelly (right tackle), G. Vowell (right end), May (quarterback), Thomason (left halfback), Cameron (right halfback), Lindsay (fullback).


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, Vanderbilt
Bill May threw two touchdown passes to Goat Carroll in the 16–14 victory over Vanderbilt, the first ever victory over the Tennessee rival. Carroll scored all of the Vols points, adding a field goal in between touchdowns. Irby Curry scored all of Vanderbilt's points. An account of the first Tennessee touchdown reads, "Four minutes of play had barely drifted by when Tennessee's weird, mystic, elusive forward pass, May to Carroll, deadly in accuracy, went sailing home for the first touchdown of the game. The chesty Tennessee quarterback sent the oval whizzing for a distance of thirty-five yards and Carroll gathered in the ball near his goal line, when he hurried beneath the posts with all the speed at his command."


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, Sewanee
A description of the 14–7 win over Sewanee in Chattanooga read, "Mush Kerr played a wonderful game in the line as did Capt. Kelly. The work of the Tennessee line was easily the feature of the contest, and Sewanee early discovered that it was practically useless to rely on line plunges to gain ground...Lindsay, as usual, ploughed through the opposing line for consistent gains, and when it was absolutely necessary that Tennessee gain a certain number of yards 'Russ' was sure to be called upon." Lee Tolley starred for Sewanee, which had been coached to break-up the forward pass.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, Kentucky
The Kentucky Wildcats were outweighed 15 pounds to the man and beaten 23–6. Graham Vowell scored three touchdowns.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Season summary, Kentucky
The starting lineup was Carroll (left end), Bayer (left tackle), Kerr (left guard), McLean (center), Taylor (right guard), Kelly (right tackle), G. Vowell (right end), May (quarterback), Thomason (left halfback), Rainey (right halfback), Lindsay (fullback).


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Personnel, Depth chart
The following chart provides a visual depiction of Tennessee's lineup during the 1914 season with games started at the position reflected in parenthesis. The chart mimics a T Formation.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Postseason, Championships
The Birmingham Newspaper Club awarded Tennessee the Southern championship cup.


1914 Tennessee Volunteers football team, Postseason, Awards and honors
Alonzo Carroll, Farmer Kelly, Mush Kerr, and Rus Lindsay made All-Southern.


1914 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 1914 Tennessee gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1914. Democratic nominee Thomas Clarke Rye defeated incumbent Republican Ben W. Hooper with 53.55% of the vote.


1914 Texas A&M Aggies football team
The 1914 Texas A&M Aggies football team represented Texas A&M during the 1914 college football season.


1914 Texas Longhorns football team
The 1914 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 1914 college football season. The team was recognized retroactively as a national champion by the Billingsley Report using its alternate "margin of victory" methodology.


1914 Texas Mines Miners football team
The 1914 Texas Mines Miners football team was the first intercollegiate American football team to represent Texas School of Mines (now known as the University of Texas at El Paso). During the 1914 college football season, the team was coached by Tommy Dwyer, compiled a 2–3 record, and was outscored by a total of 64 to 34.


1914 Texas Mines Miners football team
The first intercollegiate game was a 19–0 loss to New Mexico A&M. The series with New Mexico A&M evolved into a rivalry (now known as the Battle of I-10) that has been played almost 100 times.


1914 The Citadel Bulldogs football team
The 1914 The Citadel Bulldogs football team represented The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina in the 1914 college football season. This was the tenth year of intercollegiate football at The Citadel, with George Rogers serving as coach for the second season. The Bulldogs played as members of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association. All home games are believed to have been played at College Park Stadium in Hampton Park.


1914 The Hartlepools by-election
The Hartlepools by-election of 1914 was held on 22 September 1914. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Liberal MP, Sir Stephen Furness. It was won by the 67-year old Liberal candidate Sir Walter Runciman who was unopposed due to a War-time electoral pact.


1914 Tie Cup Final
The 1914 Tie Cup Final was the final match to decide the winner of the Tie Cup, the 4th. edition of the international competition organised by Argentine and Uruguayan Associations together. As its previous editions, the final was contested by Argentine club River Plate (champion of 1914 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club) and Uruguayan club Bristol F.C. in replacement of Nacional (1914 Uruguayan Copa de Competencia champion), as runner-up.


1914 Tie Cup Final
The match, held in Ferro Carril Oeste Stadium, was won by River Plate 1–0 with goal by Juan Gianetto. With this achievement, River Plate won its first international title.


1914 Tie Cup Final, Overview
River Plate had earned to play the final after winning the 1914 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club (which was also its first official title in the top division of Argentine football) after beating Newell's Old Boys 4–0 in the final played at Estadio Racing Club in Avellaneda.


1914 Tie Cup Final, Overview
On the other side, Club Nacional de Football had won the Uruguayan Copa de Competencia that allowed them to play thefinal v River Plate. Nevertheless, the club alleged some difficults to attend the competition so the AUF decided to invite Bristol Football Club to represent Uruguay in the final.


1914 Tie Cup Final, Overview
Bristol added some international players for the final, they were, Martín Aphesteguy, Jorge Pacheco and Pedro Zuazú, all of them called up for Uruguay in several occasions. On the other side, River Plate had had some of its players called up for Argentina, including goalkeeper Carlos Isola that had played some friendlies vs English side Exeter City.


1914 Tie Cup Final, Overview
During the match, both teams had chances to score, but River Plate striked first when a defective defense by Uruguayan Manuel Marenco trying to intercept a pass from Rodolfo Fraga, allowed forward Luis Gianetto to score the only goal. In the second half, the referee annulled a goal to River Plate (offside). River Plate won its first international Cup.


1914 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1914 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 25th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.


1914 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
Toomevara won the championship after a 5-02 to 3-01 defeat of Boherlahan in the final. It was their fifth championship title overall and their third title in succession.


1914 Toronto Argonauts season
The 1914 Toronto Argonauts season was the 31st season for the team since the franchise's inception in 1873. The team finished in second place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 5–1 record after losing the season series to the Hamilton Tigers, who finished in first place with the same record. The Argonauts would play the Tigers in a two-game playoff series and after tying the first game, they would win the second, becoming the IRFU champions.


1914 Toronto Argonauts season
After defeating the Hamilton Rowing Club in the Eastern Final, the Argonauts advanced to the 6th Grey Cup, which was their third appearance in the championship game in four years. The Argonauts won their first national championship in franchise history over the Toronto Varsity Blues by a score of 14-2. They became the first team to win the Grey Cup after finishing second in their union, after all previous winners had finished first in their respective leagues.


1914 Toronto municipal election
Municipal elections were held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on January 1, 1914. H.C. Hocken was reelected mayor defeating Fred McBrien. The election was also notable for the victory of Louis Singer, the first representative of Toronto's large Jewish community elected to city council.


1914 Toronto municipal election, Toronto mayor
Hocken had been mayor since 1912, as a founder of the Toronto Daily Star he was strongly supported by that newspaper and opposed by its rival the Toronto Telegram. In the 1914 election the Telegram supported Alderman McBrien, but Hocken won by a significant margin. Two other candidates ran, but received little support: Alderman Alfred Burgess and Birks.


1914 Toronto municipal election, Board of Control
The Board of Control election was also a victory for the Star. Most notably labour leader James Simpson was elected at the top of the poll while incumbent Telegram favourite Thomas Foster was defeated.


1914 Toronto municipal election, City council
Results taken from the January 2, 1914 Toronto Daily Star and might not exactly match final tallies.


1914 Tour de France
The 1914 Tour de France was the 12th edition of the Tour de France, taking place in 15 stages from 28 June to 26 July. The total distance was 5,380 kilometres (3,340 mi) and the average speed of the riders was 26.835 kilometres per hour (16.674 mph). It was won by the Belgian cyclist Philippe Thys.


1914 Tour de France
The day the Tour began, Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria was assassinated in Sarajevo, marking the start of World War I. On 3 August Germany invaded Belgium and declared war on France, making this Tour the last for five years, until 1919. The three men who won the Tour between 1907 and 1910 would die in the war.


1914 Tour de France, Innovations and changes
Not much changed from the 1913 Tour de France, the most important novelty was the introduction of frame numbers.


1914 Tour de France, Innovations and changes
Philippe Thys, who had won the 1913 Tour de France, was returning in 1914 and considered favourite, together with his teammate Henri Pélissier. Apart from him six other previous Tour de France winners started the race: Louis Trousselier, Lucien Petit-Breton, Octave Lapize, François Faber, Odile Defraye and Gustave Garrigou. Four more cyclists started the race that would later win a Tour de France: Firmin Lambot, Léon Scieur, Henri Pélissier and Lucien Buysse. This number of 11 former or future Tour de France winners on the start line is a record. In addition, Italian champion Costante Girardengo, started the race, but Girardengo was not yet the champion from 1919 on, and was not the team leader.


1914 Tour de France, Innovations and changes
In 1914, the first cyclists from Australia started the Tour de France, Don Kirkham and Iddo Munro. They also finished the race, in 17th place and 20th place.


1914 Tour de France, Innovations and changes
The cyclists used whistles, to warn other persons that they were coming (mainly downhill).


1914 Tour de France, Race overview
Thys was dominant in the entire race. Even though he only won the first stage, he finished in the top five every other stage. In that first stage, Jean Rossius finished second with the same time. The second stage was won by Rossius, with Thys in the same time. Both had the same time, and the same finishing places, so they were both given the lead in the general classification.