1909 Cherry Mine disaster, The Cherry Mine Disaster
One group of miners trapped in the mine built a makeshift wall to protect themselves from the fire and poisonous gases. Although without food, they were able to drink from a pool of water leaking from a coal seam, moving deeper into the mine to escape the black damp. Eight days later, the 21 survivors, known as the "eight day men", tore down the wall and made their way through the mine in search of more water, but came across a rescue party instead. One of those 21 survivors died two days later with complications from asthma.


1909 Cherry Mine disaster, The Cherry Mine Disaster, Aftermath
The following year, as a result of the Cherry Mine disaster, the Illinois legislature established stronger mine safety regulations and in 1911, Illinois passed a separate law, which would later develop into the Illinois Workmen's Compensation Act.


1909 Cherry Mine disaster, The Cherry Mine Disaster, Aftermath
A monument to those who lost their lives was erected on May 15, 1971, by the Illinois Department of Transportation and the Illinois State Historical Society. These people losing their lives helped spur legislation to keep future miners safe. The centennial commemoration of the Cherry Mine disaster was held in Cherry, November 14–15, 2009. A new monument, located at the Cherry Village Hall, was dedicated to the miners who lost their lives in the disaster.


1909 Cherry Mine disaster, The Cherry Mine Disaster, Aftermath
Memorial to the Cherry Mine disaster unveiled in November 2009


1909 Cherry Mine disaster, The Cherry Mine Disaster, Aftermath
Rep. Debbie Halvorson speaks at the unveiling of the Cherry Mine disaster memorial in November 2009


1909 Chicago Cubs season
The 1909 Chicago Cubs season was the 38th season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 34th in the National League and the 17th at West Side Park. The Cubs won 104 games but finished second in the National League, 6½ games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates. The Cubs had won the pennant the previous three years and would win it again in 1910. Of their 104 victories, 97 were wins for a Cubs starting pitcher; this was the most wins in a season by the starting staff of any major league team from 1908 to the present day.


1909 Chicago Cubs season
The 104 wins was the most by any team in Major League Baseball history by a team that failed to finish first—a record that would be unbroken for more than a century. The record was equaled by the 1942 Brooklyn Dodgers and eventually broken by the 2021 Dodgers, who won 106 games but finished a game behind the San Francisco Giants in the NL West.


1909 Chicago Cubs season
The legendary infield of Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, Frank Chance, and Harry Steinfeldt was still intact, but it was the pitching staff that excelled. The Cubs pitchers had a collective earned run average of 1.75, a microscopic figure even for the dead-ball era. Three Finger Brown was one of the top two pitchers in the league (with Christy Mathewson) again, going 27–9 with a 1.31 ERA.


1909 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Chicago Maroons football team
The 1909 Chicago Maroons football team was an American football team that represented the University of Chicago during the 1909 college football season. In their 18th season under head coach Amos Alonzo Stagg, the Maroons compiled a 4–1–2 record, finished in second place in the Western Conference with a 4–1–1 record against conference opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 134 to 40.


1909 Chicago White Sox season
The 1909 Chicago White Sox season was a season in Major League Baseball. The White Sox finished fourth in the American League with a record of 78 wins and 74 losses.


1909 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Chinese parliamentary election
The 1909 Chinese Imperial Advisory Council election was an indirect election to the first Advisory Council, a preparatory body of the parliament created under the constitutional reform bought by the late Qing dynasty. It was seen as the first popular election in Chinese history.


1909 Chinese parliamentary election
Originally 100 members, half of the seats in the Council were to be elected by the members of the Provincial Consultative Assemblies, while the other half were appointed by the Emperor. Due to the fact the Provincial Consultative Assembly had not been set up in Sinkiang, the seats were reduced to 98.


1909 Chinese provincial elections
The 1909 Chinese provincial elections were held to elect the members of the Provincial Assemblies (Chinese: 省諮議局) of China. The election was held between April and June 1909 in the 22 provinces of China as part of the New Policies under the Qing Empire as a move toward constitutional monarchy. The Provincial Assemblies were convened on 14 October 1909 and were responsible for electing half of the members of the imperial Advisory Council convened subsequently in 1910. These provincial assemblies survived even after the 1911 Xinhai Revolution that founded the Republic of China and replaced the Qing Empire. They were ordered to dissolve by the President Yuan Shikai.


1909 Chinese provincial elections
About 1.7 million men, or 0.42 percent of a population of 410 million, were registered as eligible voters. It was marked as one of the most important episodes of Chinese democracy as "it [was] the first day in Chinese history that people can elect their representative," as promoted by newspaper Shi Pao, although a county council election in Tientsin had been held earlier in 1907. The Constitutionalists gained grounds in the election and became more active in the constitutional movement pushing for the establishment of constitutional monarchy.


1909 Chinese provincial elections, Background
The Qing Empire in the early 20th century was undergoing a series of New Policies, including the proposal for a constitutional monarchy. In 1907, the Imperial Government promulgated the Constitutional Preparation Program that aimed to establish a National Assembly and 21 Provincial Assemblies on a provisional basis. In July 1908, the 115-clause "Regulations for Provincial Assembly Elections" was promulgated to lay out the property and education requirements for the candidates.


1909 Chinese provincial elections, Electoral system
The minimum age of candidate in the elections were 30 years old and the minimum age of voter was 25. Middle-school education background and property worthy of 5,000 yuan were required for the electorate, while seventh rank for the civil office or fifth rank of military office, shengyuan level of Imperial Civil Examination degree and three year experience in public affairs or school administration were also required for candidate or electorate. Illiterate and women were excluded from standing or voting.


1909 Chinese provincial elections, Electoral system
The elections adopted the double voting system which was borrowed from Japan, in which the preliminary voting was to choose the electors who cast the second ballot to elect the fixed number of assembly members.


1909 Chinese provincial elections, Election results
90 percent of the gentry who had a traditional civil examination degree, in which the examination system was abolished in 1905, were elected. The average age of the elected members was 40. The Constitutionalists campaigned for the election and they were divided into different small factions by background and political beliefs. Among those elected who later became famous were Chang Chien in Kiangsu, Tan Yen-kai in Hunan and Tang Hua-lung in Hupeh who were all elected speakers for their respective assemblies and leaders of the constitutional movement. Due to the double round system of voting which led to instances of bribery, corruption incidents were observed.


1909 Chinese provincial elections, Election results
The elected member of the provincial assemblies elected the 98 members, consisting of half of the seats, in the imperial Advisory Council. As the Constitutionalists gained grounds in the assemblies, the began to form different political groups and further pushed for the implementation of constitutional monarchy.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season
The 1909 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball. The team finished fourth in the National League with a record of 77–76, 33½ games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
The Reds replaced player-manager John Ganzel after one season of managing the club. Ganzel led Cincinnati to a 73–81 record in the 1908 season. His replacement was former New York Highlanders manager, Clark Griffith, who had managed the club from 1903 until 1908, posting a 437–370 record. Griffith also pitched with the Highlanders until he retired in 1907. He also was a player-manager with the Chicago White Sox from 1901 to 1902, going 157–113 in his two seasons with the club, and led them to the pennant in 1901.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
On December 12, the Reds traded catcher Admiral Schlei to the St. Louis Cardinals, getting pitchers Art Fromme and Ed Karger. Fromme had a 5–13 record with a 2.72 ERA with the Cardinals in 1908, and Karger was 15–19 with a 2.04 ERA in 39 starts.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
Cincinnati continued to make moves in the winter months, as on January 18, the team traded outfielder John Kane to the Chicago Cubs for outfielder Kid Durbin and shortstop Tom Downey. Durbin appeared in only 14 games with the Cubs in 1908, hitting .250 in 32 at-bats, while Downey had not yet appeared in majors, however, he was expected to compete with Rudy Hulswitt for the starting shortstop job.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
Also on January 18, the Reds acquired outfielder Rebel Oakes from the Los Angeles Angels of the Pacific Coast League in exchange for outfielder Tom Daley and Rube Ellis. Oakes batted .288 with the Angels, and had 212 hits in the 1908 season.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Newly acquired Tom Downey became the Reds starting shortstop, and the club traded away Rudy Hulswitt to the St. Louis Cardinals on May 2. Downey finished his rookie season with a .231 batting average, hitting one home run and had 32 RBI, while stealing 16 bases in 119 games. Another rookie, Rebel Oakes, hit .270 with three home runs, 31 RBI and 23 stolen bases in 120 games while playing in the outfield.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Dick Hoblitzell became the Reds starting first baseman, and the 20 year old had a great season, batting .308 with four home runs and 67 RBI in 142 games. Outfielder Mike Mitchell led the Reds with a .310 batting average, while hitting four home runs and a team high 86 RBI in 145 games. Outfielder Bob Bescher hit .240 and led the Reds with 56 stolen bases.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Newly acquired pitcher Art Fromme anchored the pitching staff, earning a record of 19–13 with a 1.90 ERA in 37 games, pitching a team high 279.1 innings, while throwing 22 complete games. Harry Gaspar also had a great season, going 19–11 with a 2.01 ERA in 44 games.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season, Season summary
The Reds got off to a good start in 1909, going 7–2 in their first nine games to take an early division lead, however, the club fell under .500 following a 3-10 stretch, knocking them out of first place. The club eventually rebounded, and through 73 games, the Reds had a 40–33 record, but the club still found themselves in only fourth place, 13.5 games behind the first place Pittsburgh Pirates. Cincinnati would finish the season with a 77–76 record, making it the first time since 1905 that the club finished over .500. They finished in fourth place, 33.5 games behind the Pirates.


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Cincinnati football team
The 1909 Cincinnati football team was an American football team that represented the University of Cincinnati as an independent during the 1909 college football season. In their first season under head coach Robert Burch, the Bearcats compiled a 4–3–1 record. Ernest DuBray was the team captain. The team played its home games at Carson Field in Cincinnati.


1909 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1909 Clemson Tigers football team represented the Clemson Tigers of Clemson Agricultural College during the 1909 college football season. Under first year head coach Bob Williams, the team posted a 6–3 record. C. M. Robbs was the captain. The team was a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association.


1909 Clemson Tigers football team, Bibliography
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1909 Clemson Tigers football team, Bibliography
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1909 Cleveland Naps season
The 1909 Cleveland Naps season was a season in American baseball. The team finished sixth in the American League with a record of 71–82, 27½ games behind the Detroit Tigers.


1909 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Cleveland by-election
The Cleveland by-election of 1909 was held on 9 July 1909. The by-election was held due to the incumbent Liberal MP, Herbert Samuel, being appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. It was retained by Samuel.


1909 Colgate football team
The 1909 Colgate football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University as an independent during the 1909 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach R. M. Brown, the team compiled a 5–2–1 record. E. T. MacDonnell was the team captain. The team played its home games on Whitnall Field in Hamilton, New York.


1909 College Baseball All-Southern Team
The 1909 College Baseball All-Southern Team consists of baseball players selected at their respective positions after the 1909 IAAUS baseball season.


1909 College Baseball All-Southern Team, Key
NT = published in the Nashville Tennessean, meant to be selection of all the various colleges.


1909 College Football All-America Team
The 1909 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1909 college football season. The only selector for the 1909 season who has been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is Walter Camp. Many other sports writers and newspapers also selected All-America teams in 1909. The United Press and The Atlanta Constitution both published their own "consensus" All-America teams based on their aggregating the first-team picks of a number of selectors (22 by the United Press and 10 by The Atlanta Constitution).


1909 College Football All-America Team
A total of nine players from the 1909 Yale Bulldogs football team were selected as first-team All-Americans by at least one selector. The Yale players selected as All-Americans were Hamlin Andrus, Carroll Cooney, Ted Coy, William Goebel, Henry Hobbs, John Kilpatrick, Theodore Lilley, Walter S. Logan, and Stephen Philbin. The 1909 Yale team was undefeated and outscored its opponents 209 to 0.


1909 College Football All-America Team
Only two players from schools outside of the Ivy League have been recognized as consensus first-team All-Americans. They are Albert Benbrook of Michigan and John McGovern of Minnesota.


1909 College Football All-America Team, Walter Camp's "official" selections
The only individual who has been recognized as an "official" selector by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for the 1909 season is Walter Camp. Accordingly, the NCAA's official listing of "Consensus All-America Selections" mirrors Camp's first-team picks. Camp 1909 All-America team was dominated by players from the East, with nine of his eleven picks coming from Ivy League schools, including six from his own alma mater, Yale.


1909 College Football All-America Team, Walter Camp's "official" selections
The dominance of Ivy League and Eastern players on Camp's All-America teams led to criticism over the years that his selections were biased against players from the leading Western universities, including Chicago, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Notre Dame. In announcing his 1909 team, Camp himself acknowledged the innovative football played in the West:


1909 College Football All-America Team, Walter Camp's "official" selections
"There is not the faintest shadow of doubt that the Western organizations can exhibit to-day a far more varied form of attack than anything displayed in the East. The shift plays and special formations are almost without number, and the drill of the teams in signal practice is so constant and well carried out that they perform these manoeuvres with remarkable rapidity, and from this very feature they offer a greater scope of forward passing than any of the Eastern teams."


1909 College Football All-America Team, Other selectors
By 1909, there was a proliferation of newspapers and sports writers choosing their own All-America teams. Recognizing the difficulties faced by any single person who could only watch one game per week, some organizations began to seek better methodologies for selecting a true "consensus" All-America team. The United Press selected a consensus All-America team, based on aggregating the All-American picks of 22 individuals who it identified as "the best football experts." The Detroit Free Press published the vote count among the 22 experts as follows:


1909 College Football All-America Team, Other selectors
The Atlanta Constitution also weighed in with its own effort to determine a consensus team. In December 1909, the Constitution published a consensus team by aggregating the All-America selections of ten leading daily newspapers from the East: The New York Times, New York Herald, New York World, New York Globe, New York Sun, Telegraph, Evening World, and the Boston Herald. The Constitution gave a point for each newspaper selecting a player as an All-American. The players selected as "consensus" All-Americans  (with vote count for runners-up also listed) were as follows:


1909 College Football All-America Team, Other selectors
The efforts of the United Press and Atlanta Constitution showed that a number of Camp's picks were not truly "consensus" picks. For example, Sprackling of Brown was the consensus All-American quarterback as reflected in the lists issued by both the United Press and the Constitution. Yet, Camp selected Sprackling for his third team. Further differences include John McGovern, Albert Benbrook and Adrian Regnier, who were picked by Camp as a first-team All-Americans at the quarterback, guard and end positions. Out of the ten selectors aggregated by the Atlanta Constitution, none chose Benbrook, only one chose McGovern and two chose Regnier.


1909 College Football All-America Team, Other selectors
Left end John Kilpatrick of Yale was the only player who was a unanimous first-team All-America pick by Walter Camp, all 10 of the selectors aggregated by the Atlanta Constitution, and all 22 selectors aggregated by the United Press.


1909 College Football All-Southern Team
The 1909 College Football All-Southern Team consists of American football players selected to the College Football All-Southern Teams selected by various organizations for the 1909 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. Sewanee won the SIAA championship. VPI, an independent school, also claims a Southern championship.


1909 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
H = selected by John Heisman, coach at Georgia Institute of Technology. Dick Jemison picked a second team from the players Heisman left off his first.


1909 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
NTC = published in  the Nashville Tennessean, by a writer from Columbia.


1909 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
NTL = published in  the Nashville Tennessean, by a writer from Lynnville.


1909 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
NTM = published in  the Nashville Tennessean, by a writer from McMinnville.


1909 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
WG = selected by William C. Gloth, coach at Virginia Military Institute.


1909 Colombian presidential election
Indirect presidential elections were held in Colombia on 3 August 1909. The result was a victory for Ramón González Valencia.


1909 Colombian presidential election, Background
President Rafael Reyes went into exile on 13 June 1909. Jorge Holguín served as temporary president until a new Congress was elected in June was able to elect an interim president to serve out the remainder of Reyes' term, which ended on 7 August 1910.


1909 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1909 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team represented Colorado Agricultural College (now known as Colorado State University) in the Colorado Faculty Athletic Conference (CFAC) during the 1909 college football season. In their fourth and final season under head coach Claude Rothgeb, the Aggies compiled a 1–2 record (0–2 against CFAC opponents) and were outscored by a total of 91 to 38.


1909 Colorado Silver and Gold football team
The 1909 Colorado Silver and Gold football team was an American football team that represented the University of Colorado as a member of the Colorado Faculty Athletic Conference (CFAC) during the 1909 college football season. In its ninth season under head coach Fred Folsom, the team compiled a perfect 6–0 record (3–0 against CFAC members), won the conference championship, was unscored upon for the season, and outscored opponents by a total of 141 to 0.


1909 Colorado Silver and Gold football team
Colorado sustained a 21-game win streak that began on November 26, 1908, and ended on October 12, 1912. It remains the longest such streak in program history.


1909 Colorado Silver and Gold football team
The 1909 season was the first for the CFAC; it became the Rocky Mountain Conference for the following season.


1909 Connecticut Aggies football team
The 1909 Connecticut Aggies football team represented Connecticut Agricultural College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1909 college football season. The Aggies were led by first year head coach S. F. G. McLean, and completed the season with a record of 3–5.


1909 Copa de Honor Cousenier
The 1909 Copa de Honor Cousenier was the final match to decide the winner of the Copa de Honor Cousenier, the 5th. edition of the international competition organised by the Argentine and Uruguayan Associations together. The final was contested by Uruguayan side CURCC and Argentine club San Isidro.


1909 Copa de Honor Cousenier
The match was held in the Estadio Gran Parque Central in Montevideo, on October 17, 1909. CURCC beat San Isidro 4–2, winning its first Copa Cousenier trophy.


1909 Copa del Rey
The Copa del Rey 1909 was the 7th staging of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition.


1909 Copa del Rey
The competition started on April 4, 1909, and concluded on April 8, 1909, with the Final, held at the O'Donnell, in Madrid, in which Club Ciclista de San Sebastián lifted the trophy for the first time ever with a 3–1 victory over Español Madrid.


1909 Copa del Rey
Club Ciclista de San Sebastián are the predecessors of Real Sociedad. After winning the cup trophy, on 7 September 1909 the players of Club Ciclista founded a new in club in San Sebastián, called Vasconia, later changing the name to Real Sociedad. The trophy of Copa del Rey 1909 is in Real Sociedad museum.


1909 Copa del Rey Final
The 1909 Copa del Rey Final was the 7th final of the Spanish cup competition, the Copa del Rey. The final was played at Campo de O'Donnell in Madrid on 8 April 1909. The match was won by Club Ciclista, who beat Español de Madrid 3 – 1.


1909 Copa del Rey Final
Club Ciclista de San Sebastián are the predecessors of Real Sociedad, after winning the cup trophy, on 7 September 1909 the players of Club Ciclista founded a new in club in San Sebastián, called Vasconia, later they changed the name in Real Sociedad. The trophy of Copa del Rey 1909 is in Real Sociedad museum.


1909 Cork City by-election
The Cork City by-election of 1909 was held on 1 May 1909. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary MP, William O'Brien. It was won by the All-for-Ireland candidate Maurice Healy.


1909 Cork City by-election
Cosbie was associated with the United Irish League wing of Irish Nationalism.


1909 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1909 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The championship began on 1 August 1909 and ended on 31 October 1909.


1909 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
On 31 October 1909, Carrigtwohill won the championship following a 3-15 to 2-00 defeat of Bandon in the final at the Cork Athletic Grounds.


1909 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1909 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 23rd staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.


1909 Cork Senior Football Championship
On 31 October 1909, Macroom won the championship following a 1-06 to 1-02 defeat of Bantry Blues in the final. This was their first championship title.


1909 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1909 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 22nd staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 21 April 1909. The championship began on 9 May 1909 and ended on 25 July 1909.


1909 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
Blackrock were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Dungourney at the semi-final stage.


1909 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
On 25 July 1909, Dungourney won the championship following a 6-10 to 1-8 defeat of Sarsfields in the final. This was their third championship title overall and their first title in two championship seasons.


1909 Cornell Big Red football team
The 1909 Cornell Big Red football team was an American football team that represented Cornell University during the 1909 college football season. In their first season under head coach George Walder, the Big Red compiled a 3–4–1 record and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 66 to 65.


1909 County Championship
The 1909 County Championship was the 20th officially organised running of the County Championship. The season ran from 3 May to 30 August 1909. Kent won their second championship title, while Lancashire finished in second place. The previous season's winners, Yorkshire, finished third.


1909 Coupe de Chamonix
The 1909 Coupe de Chamonix was the first edition of the Coupe de Chamonix, an international ice hockey tournament. It was held from January 23-25, 1909, in Chamonix, France. Princes Ice Hockey Club from Great Britain won the tournament.


1909 Croydon by-election
The Croydon by-election of 1909 was held on 29 March 1909. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Liberal Unionist MP, H. O. Arnold-Forster. It was won by the Conservative candidate Robert Hermon-Hodge.


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally
The Crystal Palace Rally was a historic gathering of Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts at the Crystal Palace in London on Saturday, 4 September 1909. The rally demonstrated the rapid popularization of Scouting with an estimated 11,000 boys attending with the prominent presence of Girl Scouts also being significant for the start of Girl Guides/Scouts. The rally was held a year and a half after the publication of Scouting for Boys and The Scout magazine, and two years after Robert Baden-Powell's demonstration Brownsea Island Scout Camp.


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally
The Rally was a precursor to the later Scout Jamborees and World Scout Jamborees.


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally
The concept of the Scouts' Own, a simple, non-denominational religious ceremony, was also introduced by H. Geoffrey Elwes at this rally.


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally
Members of the local Scout Troop, 2nd Croydon (1st Crystal Palace Patrol), formed part of the flag party for Princess Christian, the member of the Royal family in attendance. The Group still meet near Crystal Palace Park and regularly use Crystal Palace park for Scouting activities.


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally, Girls
Several hundred Girl Scouts also attended, including one group under their Patrol Leader Marguerite de Beaumont. They dressed in the Girl Scout uniform as given in the Scout handbook, and were officially registered as Girl Scouts. This was the first time Baden-Powell was able to discern clearly how many girls were interested in Scouting, although he knew there were several thousand. The media coverage of this rally, along with that in "The Spectator" magazine in  October–December  1909 initiated by Miss Violet Markham, led to the formal founding in 1910 of Girl Guides under his sister, Agnes Baden-Powell.


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally, Girls
Girls had been part of the movement almost as soon as it began. A contingent of girls from Peckham Rye spoke to Baden-Powell at the Rally. In December 1909 Baden-Powell decided to create a similar but separate programme for girls. In those days, for girls to camp and hike was not common, as this extract from the Scout newspaper shows: "If a girl is not allowed to run, or even hurry, to swim, ride a bike, or raise her arms above her head, how can she become a Scout?


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally, Girls
", though it is a curiosity, as in those days many girls and young women belonged to bicycle clubs. In 1910, Baden-Powell and his sister Agnes Baden-Powell introduced the Girl Guides, in some other countries called Girl Scouts, a parallel movement for girls. Agnes Baden-Powell became the first president of the Girl Guides.


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally, Girls
Attendees who later influenced Scouting and Guiding included Nesta G. Ashworth née Maude, later instrumental in the setup of Lone Guides, Rotha Lintorn-Orman and Nella Levy, a pioneer of Guiding in Australia.


1909 Crystal Palace Scout Rally, Girls
To commemorate the event, Girlguiding UK open a Centenary Maze in Crystal Palace Park in September 2009.


1909 Danish Folketing election
Folketing elections were held in Denmark on 25 May 1909. Although the Social Democratic Party received the largest share of the vote, the Venstre Reform Party won the most seats. Voter turnout was 71.3%.


1909 Danish local elections
The Danish regional elections of 1909 were held in March 1909. 9897 municipal council members were elected.


1909 Dartmouth football team
The 1909 Dartmouth football team was an American football team that represented Dartmouth College as an independent during the 1909 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach W. H. Lillard, the team compiled a 5–1–2 record, shut out six of eight opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 89 to 18. Clark Tobin was the team captain.


1909 Delaware football team
The 1909 Delaware football team was an American football team that represented Delaware College (later renamed the University of Delaware) as an independent during the 1909 college football season. In the its second year under head coach William McAvoy, the team compiled a 1–6–1 record.


1909 Denver Pioneers football team
The 1909 Denver Pioneers football team represented the University of Denver during the 1909 college football season. In its fourth season under head coach John P. Koehler, the team compiled a 7–2 record, allowed an average of 3.4 points per game, and outscored all opponents by a total of 177 to 31.


1909 Detroit College Tigers football team
The 1909 Detroit College Tigers football team  was an American football team that represented Detroit College (later renamed the University of Detroit) as an independent during the 1909 college football season. In its second season under head coach George A. Kelly, the team compiled a 3–1–2 record and shut out four opponents, but was outscored by its opponents by a combined total of 35 to 17. The team opened the season with a 27–0 loss to Michigan Agricultural (later renamed Michigan State University).


1909 Detroit Tigers season
The 1909 Detroit Tigers won the American League pennant with a record of 98–54, but lost to the Pittsburgh Pirates in the 1909 World Series, 4 games to 3. The season was their 9th since they were charter members of the American League in 1901. It was the third consecutive season in which they won the pennant but lost the World Series. Center fielder Ty Cobb won the Triple Crown and pitcher George Mullin led the league in wins (29) and winning percentage (.784).


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Catchers: Boss Schmidt and Oscar Stanage
Catching duties were split between Boss Schmidt (81 games) and Oscar Stanage (77 games).


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Catchers: Boss Schmidt and Oscar Stanage
Schmidt hit .265 in 1908, but his batting average dropped to .209 in 1909. As a young man, Schmidt worked in the coal mines and was a skilled brawler who fought an exhibition match with the heavyweight champion, Jack Johnson. Schmidt also beat Ty Cobb in at least two fights. In the second fight, Schmidt knocked Cobb unconscious but admired Cobb's resiliency, and the two became friends until Schmidt's death in 1932. Schmidt never wore shinguards and could force nails into the floor with his bare fists.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Catchers: Boss Schmidt and Oscar Stanage
Stanage played for the Tigers from 1909 to 1920, catching 1,074 games for Detroit—second only to Bill Freehan in team history. Stanage was a weak hitter but one of the best defensive catchers of the dead-ball era. Known for his strong throwing arm, Stanage threw out more baserunners than any other catcher in the 1910s. Stanage still holds the American League record for most assists by a catcher, with 212 in 1911, and his career average of 1.29 assists per game is the fifth best in major league history. Stanage was not as skilled with the glove; his 41 errors in 1911 was the most by a catcher for the 20th Century.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Infield: Rossman, Schaefer, Bush, Moriarty, Delahanty and O'Leary
First baseman Claude Rossman played for the Tigers from 1907 to 1909. In 1908, Rossman had the best year of his career with 33 doubles (2nd in the AL), 219 total bases (3rd in the AL), and 48 extra base hits (3rd in the AL). On August 20, 1909, the Tigers traded him to the St. Louis Browns for Tom Jones. Rossman had a peculiar emotional quirk where he sometimes froze and could not throw the ball when he became excited. Runners would lead off first to draw a throw from the pitcher, then run to second when Rossman froze. He was 28 when he played his last major league game and died at age 46 in a New York hospital for the insane where he had been a patient for several years.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Infield: Rossman, Schaefer, Bush, Moriarty, Delahanty and O'Leary
Second baseman Germany Schaefer was traded by the Tigers to the Washington Senators during the 1909 season for Jim Delahanty. Schaefer is remembered more for his antics than for his performance on the field, including trying to steal first base (from second base) and, coming to bat in the rain with a raincoat and boots (to persuade the umpire to call the games). Schaefer was a pioneer of baseball clowning, and his vaudeville act with teammate Charley O'Leary was inspiration for the MGM musical film "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" starring Gene Kelly and Frank Sinatra. In 1919, a little over a year after Schaefer played his last game, he died at age 42 of tuberculosis at the sanitarium in Saranac Lake, New York.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Infield: Rossman, Schaefer, Bush, Moriarty, Delahanty and O'Leary
Jim Delahanty took over at second base from Germany Schaefer in 1909. He played all seven games of the 1909 World Series, batting .346 with 4 RBIs.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Infield: Rossman, Schaefer, Bush, Moriarty, Delahanty and O'Leary
Donie Bush was Detroit's starting shortstop for thirteen seasons from 1909 to 1921. As a rookie in 1909, he led the American League in walks (88), sacrifice hits (52), and assists by a shortstop (567), finished second in the AL in runs scored (114), was third in the AL in on-base percentage (.380), and set a major league record for stolen bases by a rookie (53) that stood for 89 years. His 52 sacrifice hits is the fourth highest single season total in major league history.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Infield: Rossman, Schaefer, Bush, Moriarty, Delahanty and O'Leary
He also led the AL in walks in five times and walked more than any other major league player from 1910 to 1919. Bush was also the surprise hitting star for Detroit in the World Series, hitting .318 with a .438 on-base percentage, picking up 7 hits, 5 bases on balls, 3 sacrifice hits, twice being hit by a pitch, scoring 5 runs and collecting 3 RBIs. Bush played all seven game of the World Series at shortstop, collecting 9 putouts, 18 assists, and 3 double plays (but also committing 5 errors).


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Infield: Rossman, Schaefer, Bush, Moriarty, Delahanty and O'Leary
George Moriarty hit .273 and stole 34 bases as the team's third baseman. He later became one of the AL's most highly regarded umpires, officiating in the World Series in 1921, 1925, 1930, 1933 and 1935. Once while Moriarty was umpiring, Babe Ruth stepped out of the batter's box and asked Moriarty to spell his last name. When he had spelled it out, Ruth reportedly replied, "Just as I thought; only one I."


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Infield: Rossman, Schaefer, Bush, Moriarty, Delahanty and O'Leary
Charley O'Leary was Detroit's starting shortstop from 1904 to 1907 and became a backup shortstop and utility infielder from 1908 to 1912. In 1908, he shared third baseman duties with Moriarty and hit .202. On September 30, 1934, O'Leary pinch hit for the St. Louis Browns at age 51 and became one of the oldest players to collect a hit and score a run.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Outfield: McIntyre, Cobb, Crawford and Jones
In 1909, Ty Cobb won the Triple Crown with a .377 batting average‚ nine home runs (all inside the park)‚ and 107 RBIs. (He not only led the AL in all three Triple Crown categories; he led all major league players in all three categories.) Cobb also led the major leagues with 216 hits and 76 stolen bases. Adding the stolen base title, Cobb was the only player ever to win a quadruple crown.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Outfield: McIntyre, Cobb, Crawford and Jones
Right fielder Sam Crawford, known as "Wahoo Sam", was one of the greatest sluggers of the dead-ball era and still holds the major league records for triples in a career (309) and for inside-the-park home runs in a season (12) and a career (51). He finished his career with 2,961 hits and a .309 batting average. Crawford was among the AL leaders in hits, RBIs, extra base hits, slugging percentage, and total bases every year for twelve consecutive years from 1905 to 1915.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Outfield: McIntyre, Cobb, Crawford and Jones
In 1909, Crawford hit .314 (4th in the AL) with a .452 slugging percentage (2nd in the AL), 97 RBIs (2nd in the AL), 35 doubles (1st in the AL), 14 triples (2nd in the AL), 266 total bases (2nd in the AL), six home runs (3rd in the AL), 55 extra base hits (1st in the American League), and 30 stolen bases.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Outfield: McIntyre, Cobb, Crawford and Jones
Left fielder Matty McIntyre played for Detroit from 1904 to 1910. His best season was 1908, when he led the AL in: plate appearances (672), times on base (258), runs (105), and singles (131). McIntyre is also remembered as the leader of the "anti-Cobb" clique on the Tigers during Cobb's early years. Early in Cobb's rookie season, Cobb went after a flyball in McIntyre's left field territory. By cutting in front, Cobb caused McIntyre to drop the ball, infuriating McIntyre. McIntyre and his cohorts led a prolonged hazing campaign, locking Cobb out of an empty washroom, flicking food at Cobb, and nailing his shoes to the clubhouse floor.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Outfield: McIntyre, Cobb, Crawford and Jones
Davy Jones played for the Tigers from 1906 to 1912. With Cobb and Crawford solidly entrenched in the outfield, Jones was forced to battle for the third outfield spot with McIntyre each year from 1906 to 1910. As a speedy leadoff man, he was a reliable run scorer with Cobb and Crawford following him in the lineup. Jones' speed also made him a fine outfielder, with tremendous range. In 1907, he led the AL with a .357 on-base percentage and finished second in the AL with 101 runs. In his three World Series for the Tigers, Jones played in 18 games, had a .357 on-base percentage, scored 8 runs, and had a home run in the 1909 World Series against the Pittsburgh Pirates.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Pitching: Mullin, Willett, Summers, Killian, Donovan and Works
George Mullin was the Tigers' leading pitcher in 1909, leading the major leagues with 29 wins and leading the AL with a .784 win percentage. Mullin holds the Tigers franchise record for innings pitched (in a career and in a season) and has the second most wins in the team's history. He also pitched the team's first no-hitter; had five 20-win seasons (including a league-leading 29 wins in 1909); helped the Tigers to three straight American League pennants (1907–09); twice hit over .310 as a batter; and ranks 7th in major league history for fielding assists by a pitcher.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Pitching: Mullin, Willett, Summers, Killian, Donovan and Works
Ed Killian led the team (and was 4th in the AL) with a 1.71 ERA. Twice a 20-game winner (including a 25–13 season in 1907), as of the end of the 2009 season Killian's career ERA of 2.38 is 26th-best in MLB history. Killian also holds the record for fewest home runs allowed, giving up only 9 in his entire career. At one point, Killian pitched a record 1001 innings (from September 1903 – August 1907) without allowing a home run.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Pitching: Mullin, Willett, Summers, Killian, Donovan and Works
Ed Willett had his best season in 1909 when he had a record of 21–10, ranking 3rd in the American League in wins and 5th in winning percentage (.677). He had an earned run average of 2.34 for the season and was among the AL leaders in games (41), innings (292+2⁄3), games started (34), complete games (25), bases on balls and hits allowed (88 and 239), as well as wild pitches (10) and hit batsmen (14).


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Pitching: Mullin, Willett, Summers, Killian, Donovan and Works
Ed Summers had two great seasons for the Tigers, going 24–12 with a 1.64 ERA in his 1908 rookie season, and 19–9 with a 2.24 ERA in 1909. On September 25, 1908, Summers threw two complete game victories in a double header to help the Tigers clinch the AL pennant. On July 16, 1909, Summers pitched 18 scoreless innings of a tie game against the Washington Senators at Bennett Park.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Pitching: Mullin, Willett, Summers, Killian, Donovan and Works
Bill Donovan was the Tigers ace in 1907 with a 25–4 record (the best win percentage in Tigers' team history), but in 1909 he went 8–7 in 17 starts. On May 7, 1906, Donovan stole second base, third base, and home on the front end of a double steal and also hit a triple in the same game. In June 1923, Donovan died in a train wreck.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Pitching: Mullin, Willett, Summers, Killian, Donovan and Works
Ralph Works was a pitcher for Tigers from 1909 to 1912. Works was called "Judge" by teammates for his scholarly countenance. Works had career record of 24–24 with a 3.79 ERA. His best season was 1911 when he went 11–5 in 30 games for the Tigers. He ranked No. 5 in the American League in winning percentage (.688) in 1911, No. 7 in shutouts with 3 and No. 8 in games finished with 10. Works died in of a self-inflicted gunshot would in Pasadena, California in 1941 at age 53. He died with his wife in an apparent double suicide.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Player-manager Hughie Jennings
Hughie "Ee-yah" Jennings led the Tigers to three consecutive American League pennants, in 1907–09. Jennings continued to manage the Tigers through the 1920 season, though his team never won another pennant. During his years as Detroit's manager, Jennings became famous for his antics, mostly in the third base coaching box, which variously included shouts of "Ee-Yah", and other whoops, whistles, horns, gyrations, jigs, and grass-plucking. The "Ee-Yah" whoop became his trademark and was accompanied with waves of both arms over his head and a sharp raising of his right knee.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Player-manager Hughie Jennings
In 1907, he was suspended for taunting opponents with a tin whistle. The "Ee-Yah" shouts continued and became such a trademark that Jennings became known as Hughie "Ee-Yah" Jennings, and Detroit fans would shout "Eee-Yah" when Jennings would appear on the field. (See also Jack Smile, Ee-yah: The Life and Times of Hughie Jennings, Baseball Hall of Famer)


1909 Detroit Tigers season, The players, Player-manager Hughie Jennings
Behind the antics was a great coaching mind. Connie Mack called Jennings one of the three greatest managers in history, along with John McGraw and Joe McCarthy.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Regular season, Season summary
The 1909 season was the third straight year the Tigers won the American League pennant. Their 1909 record of 98–54 was the team's best record to that point. Led by Ty Cobb, who won the Triple Crown and Sam Crawford, who led the league in doubles and extra base hits, they scored 66 more runs than any other team in the American League and outscored their opponents 666 to 493. They led the American League for most of the regular season, but remained in a close race with the Philadelphia Athletics, finally taking the pennant by 3½ games.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Regular season, Season summary
The 1909 Tigers' winning percentage ranks as the 3rd best in team history through 2010, as follows:


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, World Series summary
The Tigers faced the Pittsburgh Pirates‚ winners of 110 games‚ in the World Series. The Series matched AL batting champion Ty Cobb against NL batting champion Honus Wagner. Detroit gave up 18 stolen bases in 7 games to the Pirates.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, World Series summary
In Game 1, 27-year-old rookie Babe Adams faced George Mullin. There were only 11 hits in the game‚ but Fred Clarke's home run led the Pirates to a 4–1 win.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, World Series summary
In Game 2, Tigers' pitcher Bill Donovan led the team to a 7–2 win. Ty Cobb stole home as the Tigers scored three runs in the third inning.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, World Series summary
In Game 3, the Pirates won, 8–6, behind three hits, three RBIs and three stolen bases by Honus Wagner. Nick Maddox was the winner over Ed Summers.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, World Series summary
In Game 4, George Mullin pitched a 5-hit shutout for Detroit, a 5–0 victory. Ty Cobb drove in two runs with a double. Mullin struck out ten batters, and the Pirates committed six errors.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, World Series summary
In Game 5, Pirates' rookie Babe Adams threw his second complete-game victory, an 8–4 win. Sam Crawford hit a home run and a double, but Fred Clarke's three-run home run gave the win to Pittsburgh.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, World Series summary
In Game 6, George Mullin led the Tigers to a 5–4 win. The World Series would go to a seventh game for the first time.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, World Series summary
In Game 7, the Pirates won, 8–0, as Babe Adams got his third complete game victory of the 1909 World Series. Adams was the only rookie pitcher in the 20th century to win a World Series Game 7. (John Lackey did it in 2002.) Fred Clarke walked four times, and Honus Wagner drove in two runs. The Pirates and Tigers combined for 34 errors (18 by the Tigers), a World Series record.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, Postseason player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, Postseason player stats, Pitching
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, The Cuban tour
In November 1909, a group of players from the 1909 Tigers (not including Ty Cobb or Sam Crawford) toured Cuba and played 12 exhibition games against two integrated Cuban teams, Habana and Almendares. The Cuban-American Major League Clubs Series drew wide attention in Cuba, where baseball was already very popular. Demonstrating the high level of play in Cuba, the Tigers lost 8 of the 12 games to the integrated Cuban baseball teams. To take advantage of the interest in the tour of the American baseball players, the Cabañas Company printed a series of baseball cards showing the members of the Almendares, Habana and Detroit baseball teams.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Postseason, The Cuban tour
The Detroit roster, from a game played on November 18, 1909, consisted of the following players: Davy Jones, Charley O'Leary, George Moriarty, Matty McIntyre, Boss Schmidt, George Mullin, Heinie Beckendorf, Bill Hopke and W. Lelivelt. In that game, Cuban pitcher, Eustaquio "Bombin" Pedroso no hit the Tigers for 11 innings‚ finally winning‚ 2–1. The only run for Detroit came on an error in the 7th inning. A squeeze bunt against Bill Lelivelt in the 11th inning scored the winner. A collection was taken up for Pedroso and fans‚ including several Tigers‚ contributed 300 dollars.


1909 Detroit Tigers season, Awards and honors, Players ranking among Top 100 all time at position
The following members of the 1909 Detroit Tigers are among the Top 100 of all time at their position, as ranked by The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract in 2001:


1909 Dickinson Red and White football team
The 1909 Dickinson Red and White football team was an American football team that represented Dickinson College as an independent during the 1909 college football season. The team compiled a 4–4–1 record and was outscored by a total of 85 to 77. Paul G. Smith was the head coach.


1909 Drake Bulldogs football team
The 1909 Drake Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Drake University in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) during the 1909 college football season. In its second season under head coach John L. Griffith, the team compiled a 7–1 record (2–1 against MVC opponents), finished in third place in the conference, shut out six of eight opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 138 to 36.


1909 Drake Bulldogs football team
With victories over every Iowa opponent, including Iowa, Iowa State, and Grinnell, Drake was recognized as the Iowa state champion. It was the first championship in the school's history. The team's only setback was against undefeated conference champion Missouri.


1909 Drake Bulldogs football team
Center Bart Warren was the team captain. Fullback Purdy was the team's leading scorer, but sustained an injury against Iowa.


1909 Drexel Dragons football team
The 1909 Drexel Dragons football team was coached by Corson.


1909 Dumfries Burghs by-election
The Dumfries Burghs by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1909 Dumfries Burghs by-election, Vacancy
John Gulland had been Liberal MP for the seat of Dumfries Burghs since the 1906 general election. On 5 July 1909, he was appointed as a Junior Lord of the Treasury, which meant, in accordance with the times, that he was required to resign his seat and seek re-election to parliament.


1909 Dumfries Burghs by-election, Electoral history
The seat had been Liberal since the party was created. They easily held the seat at the last election, with an increased majority;


1909 Dumfries Burghs by-election, Candidates
The local Liberal Association re-selected 45-year-old John Gulland to defend the seat. The Conservatives chose Bryce Duncan as their candidate.


1909 Dutch general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands on 11 June 1909. The Anti-Revolutionary Party and the General League of Roman Catholic Caucuses emerged as the largest parties, each winning 25 of the 100 seats in the House of Representatives.


1909 ECHA season
The 1909 ECHA season was the fourth and final season of the Eastern Canada Hockey Association (ECHA). Teams played a twelve-game schedule. The Ottawa Senators would win the league championship with a record of ten wins, two losses and take over the Stanley Cup.


1909 ECHA season, League business, Executive
The Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association league meeting was held November 4, 1908, and was a pivotal meeting in the evolution from amateur to professional ice hockey leagues. At the meeting the two last amateur, or at least partly amateur teams resigned over the signing of players from other teams. Montreal HC and Montreal Victorias left the league and later would continue as senior level men's teams playing for the Allan Cup. Unpaid players would no longer play with paid players.


1909 ECHA season, League business, Executive
The league would continue with four professional teams. The league name was changed to Eastern Canadian Hockey Association to reflect the change in status.


1909 ECHA season, Regular season
The Wanderers', Cecil Blachford had retired and Bruce Stuart had moved to Ottawa. New additions included Joe Hall, Harry Smith, Jimmy Gardner and Steve Vair. The Wanderers would come close to their rivals, finishing second with nine wins and three losses.


1909 ECHA season, Regular season
Ottawa saw Harvey Pulford and Alf Smith retire, and Tom Phillips leave. Ottawa would replace these players with Edgar Dey, Billy Gilmour and Albert 'Dubby' Kerr from the Toronto Professionals. Alf Smith would organize the Ottawa Senators of the Federal Hockey League.


1909 ECHA season, Regular season
Shamrocks added Harry Hyland, and Quebec saw the start of the career of Joe Malone.


1909 ECHA season, Regular season
Ottawa played an exhibition game prior to the season with the Toronto professionals on January 2 in Toronto. Toronto defeated Ottawa 5–4. Dubby Kerr played in the game for Toronto, and signed with Ottawa a week later.


1909 ECHA season, Regular season
On January 25, Wanderers played an exhibition game in Cobalt, Ontario, versus the Cobalt Silver Kings, betting $500 on themselves to win, but lost 6–4. After the game Harry Smith would leave the Wanderers to join Haileybury of the Timiskaming League.


1909 ECHA season, Regular season, Highlights
The rivalry between Ottawa and Wanderers continued, Wanderers winning the first on January 6 7–6 in overtime, with Harry Smith scoring four against his former team. Ottawa would win the next 5–4 in Ottawa, and defeat Montreal in Montreal 9–8 before 8000 fans. Ottawa would finish the series winning 8–3 in Ottawa to clinch the championship.


1909 ECHA season, Regular season, Highlights
Marty Walsh of Ottawa would win the scoring championship with 38 goals. Ottawa would average nearly ten goals per game.


1909 ECHA season, Stanley Cup challenges, Montreal vs. Edmonton
Prior to the season, Wanderers would play a challenge against the Edmonton Hockey Club, champions of the Alberta Amateur Hockey Association. Despite all players except for one being a 'ringer' for Edmonton, Montreal would defeat them December 28–30, 1908, in Montreal. In game one, Harry Smith scored 5 goals as he led the Wanderers to a 7–3 victory. The Edmontons won game two, 7–6, but Montreal took the two-game total goals series, 13–10.


1909 ECHA season, Stanley Cup challenges, Montreal vs. Edmonton
After the challenge, Edmonton would play an exhibition game in Ottawa on January 2 before returning to Edmonton, defeating the Ottawa Senators (of the FHL) 4–2. Ottawa played the Toronto Pros the same day in Toronto, losing 5–4. Lindsay, Pitre and Vair, having played with Edmonton for the challenge, would sign after the exhibition game with Renfrew of the Federal League. The players would help Renfrew to the FHL championship.


1909 ECHA season, Stanley Cup challenges, Montreal vs. Edmonton
After the season, Ottawa took over the Cup, but a series against the Winnipeg Shamrocks could not be arranged and no challenge was played. (The Shamrocks would fold before the next season and never played a challenge.) Challenges from Renfrew of the Federal Hockey League and Cobalt of the Timiskaming League were disallowed when the Stanley Cup trustees ruled that the players on Renfrew and Cobalt were ineligible, having joined their teams after January 2.


1909 ECHA season, Stanley Cup challenges, Post-season exhibition
Ottawa and the Montreal Wanderers played a two-game series at the St. Nicholas Rink in New York on March 12 and March 13. Ottawa won the first game 6–4, and the second game was tied 8–8.


1909 ECHA season, Stanley Cup engraving
The 1909 Stanley Cup was presented by the trophy's trustee William Foran.


1909 ECHA season, Stanley Cup engraving
The following Ottawa Hockey Club players and staff were eligible to have their names engraved on the Stanley Cup


1909 ECHA season, Stanley Cup engraving, Stanley Cup engraving
Ottawa added a new ring to the bottom of the Stanley Cup and put their name on it.


1909 East Denbighshire by-election
The East Denbighshire by-election of 1909 was held on 2 April 1909. The by-election was held due to the incumbent Liberal MP, Edward Hemmerde, becoming Recorder of Liverpool. It was retained by Hemmerde.


1909 East Limerick by-election
The East Limerick by-election of 1909 was held on 10 June 1909. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary MP, William Lundon. It was won by the Irish Parliamentary candidate, his son Thomas Lundon.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by WereSpielChequers (talk | contribs) at 17:54, 24 March 2020 (→Notes: Typo fixing, replaced: Except → Excerpt). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season
The 1909 season was the second in which the Eastern Suburbs DRLFC  competed in the New South Wales Rugby Football League competition. They finished the regular season in 4th (of 8) position, before being knocked out in the semi-final by Balmain.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
Eastern Suburbs 18 defeated Newcastle Rebels 16 at the Newcastle Sports Ground.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
Described this way "As an exhibition the game was all that could have been desired It was fast, open, exciting and even."


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
Balmain 24 (Apploney 2, Moore 2, Halloway, Regent Tries; Fitzpatrick 3 Goals) defeated Eastern Suburbs 15 (M. Frawley, Kelley, Webb Tries; Surridge 2, King Goals) at the Agricultural Society's Ground.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Season
This was reported to be a particularly rough affair, Easts lost a player early in the match through injury, and two more players were severely concussed, Four were sent off for fighting, and a fifth, Easts captain Larry O'Malley was sent off for kicking.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Semi-Final
Balmain 15 (Walker 2, Edwards, Graves, Regent tries) defeated Eastern Suburbs 8 (Lenton, Surridge tries; King goal) at the Wentworth Park Ground in front of around 3,000 spectators.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Semi-Final
Balmain were never in any danger of defeat, both Easts tries came late in the match with Balmain already leading by 15 points.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Semi-Final
Eastern Suburbs: Bill King • William Lenton• Sid Kaufman • Percy McNamara• Les Abott• Harry Flegg• Tom Bruce• Mick Frawley• F. Denholm • Arthur Surridge • Arthur Hennessy (c) • Harold Kelley • Sid Pearce


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Semi-Final
Balmain: F. Wooley • W. Smith • A. Walker• A. Latta• A Fitzpatrick  • Arthur Halloway • L. Edwards • F. Woodward• B. Graves  • J. Regent (c) • F. Ward• T. McFadyen• J. Appoloney


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Point analysis, Offence
The lowdown:Eastern Suburbs completed the following score options in the 1908 season:


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Point analysis, Offence
Eastern Suburbs scored a total of 167 points in 1909.


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Point analysis, Defence
Eastern Suburbs conceded the following score options in the 1909 season:


1909 Eastern Suburbs season, Point analysis, Defence
Eastern Suburbs conceded a total of 141 points in 1909.


1909 Edinburgh East by-election
The Edinburgh East by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1909 Edinburgh East by-election, Vacancy
Sir George McCrae had been Liberal MP for the seat of Edinburgh East since the 1899 Edinburgh East by-election. He resigned from the House of Commons to take up a position in Scottish government service, accepting the appointment of Vice-President of the Scottish Local Government Board.


1909 Edinburgh East by-election, Electoral history
The seat had been won by a Liberal at every election since it was created in 1885. They easily held the seat at the last election, with an increased majority;


1909 Edinburgh East by-election, Candidates
The local Liberal Association selected 60-year-old James Gibson to defend the seat. He had been Lord Provost, of Edinburgh since 1906. The Conservatives selected 29-year-old Patrick Ford as their candidate.


1909 Edinburgh East by-election, Result
The Liberal majority was only a ninth of their 1906 result. This was generally ascribed to the loss of the Roman Catholic vote because of the failure to settle the education question. ;


1909 Edinburgh South by-election
The Edinburgh South by-election of 1909 was held on 4 March 1909. The by-election was held due to the incumbent Liberal MP, Arthur Dewar, being appointed Solicitor General for Scotland. It was retained by Dewar.


1909 Edinburgh West by-election
The Edinburgh West by-election of 1909 was held on 17 May 1909. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Liberal Unionist MP, Lewis McIver. It was won by the Liberal Unionist candidate James Avon Clyde.


1909 Edmonton municipal election
The 1909 municipal election was held December 13, 1909 for the purpose of electing a mayor and four aldermen to sit on the Edmonton City Council, as well as three public school trustees and five separate school trustees. There were also eight proposed bylaws put to a vote of the electorate concurrently with the election.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Positions to be elected
There were eight aldermen on city council, but four of the positions were already filled: Wilfrid Gariépy, John Lundy, Herman McInnes, and James McKinley had been elected to two-year terms in 1908 and were still in office.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Positions to be elected
There were six trustees on the public board of trustees, but three of the positions were already occupied: William Clark, Allan Gray, and W Ramsey had been elected to two-year terms in 1908 and were still in office.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Mayoral candidates
In early November 1909, incumbent mayor Robert Lee announced that he would not seek re-election, a position he re-affirmed November 25 after being petitioned to reconsider. Subsequent to this, alderman Robert Manson confirmed that he would run. Some expected him to be challenged by alderman Wilfrid Gariépy, but the latter announced that he had no interest in running, and would support Manson provided that he endorsed some reforms to the city's commission. Manson was expected to win by acclamation until December, when Lee announced that he would run after all.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Mayoral candidates, Platforms, Robert Lee
Lee promised to devote his entire time to serving as mayor, as he had done during his first term, despite his earlier statements that he was not running because he did not feel confident that he would be able to do so. He opposed the gravity water scheme on the grounds that it would result in the cost of water to Edmontonians more than doubling.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Mayoral candidates, Platforms, Robert Manson
Manson supported restraint in infrastructure spending - emphasizing that the city's street railway should be extended only when warranted by business, and not merely to exploit vacant property - and offered his conditional support for a gravity water system. He favoured moving the city's penitentiary to the outskirts to make better use of prime residential land, and supported selecting the city's commissioners on the basis of business acumen rather than technical expertise. He also planned to eliminate the deficits that the city's utilities ran by instituting a system of "frontage assessment".


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Mayoral candidates, Endorsements
Manson was endorsed by former mayor William Antrobus Griesbach, who blamed Lee for the city's recent financial difficulties and believed that Manson's plan to deal with city utilities would prevent the sale of municipal bonds being necessary.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Voter turnout
There were 2200 ballots cast out of 5682 eligible voters, for a voter turnout of 38.7%.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Separate (Catholic) school trustees
James Collisson, Wilfrid Gariépy, Prosper-Edmond Lessard, J McAllister, and Joseph Henri Picard were elected. Detailed results are no longer available.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws
The following bylaws were voted on concurrently with the 1909 election:


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 224
A bylaw to provide for the raising of the sum of $151,000 for the purpose of providing the estimated amount for the proportion to be borne by the Municipality for the paving of part of Jasper Avenue.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 225
A bylaw to provide for the raising of the sum of $1,000 for the purpose of providing the estimated amount for the proportion to be borne by the Municipality for the paving of part of 1st Street.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 226
A bylaw to provide for the raising of the sum of $1,000 for the purpose of providing the estimated amount for the proportion to be borne by the Municipality for the paving of Namayo Street.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 227
A bylaw to provide for the raising of the sum of $25,900 for the purpose of providing the estimated amount for the proportion to be borne by the Municipality for the paving of part of Jasper Avenue and constructing a street railway thereon.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 228
A bylaw to provide for the raising of the sum of $13,000 for the purpose of providing the estimated amount for the proportion to be borne by the Municipality for the paving of part of 1st Street and construction of a street railway thereon.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 229
A bylaw to provide for the raising of the sum of $57,900 for the purpose of providing the estimated amount of the proportion to be borne by the Street Railway Department of the cost of paving Namayo Avenue.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 230
A bylaw to grant Pinisch Compressing Co., a special franchise for the supply of Artificial Gas for the lighting of railway coaches.


1909 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Bylaws, Bylaw 231
A bylaw to change the place of payment of certain debentures issued under Bylaws 143 and 185 of the City of Edmonton


1909 Elon Fightin' Christians football team
The 1909 Elon Fightin' Christians football team represented Elon College (now Elon University) in the 1909 college football season. In their inaugural season, the team was coached by Reddy Rowe, and outscored their opponents 62–23.


1909 Elon Fightin' Christians football team
Elon would not field a team for the next nine years, returning to the field for the 1919 season.


1909 English cricket season
1909 was the 20th season of County Championship cricket in England and featured a Test series between England and Australia. Kent won the championship and Australia, captained by Monty Noble, won the Test series.


1909 English cricket season, Events
The season was the first in which W. G. Grace had not played a first-class match since 1864. It saw Wiltshire win their second Minor Counties Championship title and the formation of the Imperial Cricket Council, which was later renamed as the International Cricket Council, in London with Australia, England and South Africa as the founding members.


1909 English cricket season, Test series
Monty Noble's Australian tourists played 42 first-class matches, including a five Test series to contest The Ashes. Matches included five played in Scotland, including one match against Scotland, one in Ireland against SH Cochrane's XI, and one in Wales against a South Wales team. They lost just four matches on the tour.


1909 English cricket season, Test series
The Test series was won 2–1 by Australia with two matches drawn. England, captained by Archie MacLaren, won the first Test at Edgbaston after an Australian first-innings batting collapse on a wet pitch, with Colin Blythe and George Hirst bowling almost unchanged, taking all 20 Australian wickets. The second and third Tests, played at Lord's and Headingley respectively, were Australian victories with the final two Tests at Old Trafford and The Oval drawn. The final match of the series saw the only Test match appearance by Douglas Carr at the age of 37. Carr became the first man to play for England having made his first-class debut earlier in the same season.


1909 English cricket season, County Championship
Kent won their second County Championship title, playing 26 matches with 16 wins and only two losses during the season. Lancashire finished in second place whilst the 1908 winners Yorkshire finished in third. Gloucestershire finished last of the 16 counties which competed in the Championship, with only one win to their name.


1909 English cricket season, County Championship
After the Championship season was completed there were calls for a move to a two division system. These calls led nowhere in the short term, although for the 1911 County Championship a new system of awarding points was introduced.


1909 English cricket season, Statistics
Ted Arnold and William Burns set a then world record fifth-wicket partnership of 393 runs for Worcestershire against Warwickshire. Kent's Frank Woolley and Arthur Fielder set a record of 235 runs for the tenth-wicket against Worcestershire, an English first-class record which still stands as of 2016.


1909 English cricket season, Statistics, Batting statistics
The batsmen with the highest runs aggregate in 1909 were:


1909 English cricket season, Statistics, Batting statistics
Jack Mason topped the batting averages with 783 runs at an average of 65.25 from 14 innings. Australians Vernon Ransford, Warwick Armstrong and Bardsley all averaged over 45, the only other batsmen with more than two innings to do so.


1909 English cricket season, Statistics, Bowling statistics
W C Smith topped the averages with 95 wickets at an average of 12.43.


1909 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1909 European Figure Skating Championships were held from January 23 to January 24 in Budapest, Hungary. Budapest was part of the Austrian Empire at this time. Elite figure skaters competed for the title of European Champion in the category of men's singles.


1909 European Rowing Championships
The 1909 European Rowing Championships were rowing championships held on the Seine in Juvisy-sur-Orge just upstream of the French capital of Paris on 22 August. The competition was for men only and they competed in five boat classes (M1x, M2x, M2+, M4+, M8+).


1909 FA Charity Shield
The 1909 FA Charity Shield was the second Charity Shield, a football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Football League and Southern League competitions. The match was played on 28 April 1909, between 1908–09 Football League winners Newcastle United and 1908–09 Southern League champions Northampton Town. The match was played at Stamford Bridge, London, and ended with a 2–0 win for Newcastle United. The goals were scored either side of half-time, by Jack Allan and Jock Rutherford.


1909 FA Charity Shield
The Newcastle United team of the 1900s were the club's most successful team to date, with the 1909 Football League title being their third in five years. 1909 was the club's first appearance in the Charity Shield out of six, but the only one that they have won. Northampton Town had risen to prominence under the management of Herbert Chapman, a pioneering manager who would later go on to win the Football League with Huddersfield Town and Arsenal. Northampton won their only Southern League title in 1909, and joined the Football League when the Southern League was merged into it as Third Division South in 1921  The 1909 Charity Shield remains their only appearance in a national cup final.


1909 FA Charity Shield
The match raised £226 for charity, with £45 going to both clubs and twelve London hospitals each received between £5 and £10. Including the clubs' allowances, all but £12 went to medical charities.


1909 FA Cup Final
The 1909 FA Cup Final was the final match of the 1908–09 FA Cup, the 38th season of England's premier club football cup competition. The match was played on 24 April 1909 at Crystal Palace, and was contested by Manchester United and Bristol City, both of the First Division. Manchester United won by a single goal, scored by Sandy Turnbull midway through the first half. This was the first of Manchester United's twelve FA Cup titles to date.


1909 FA Cup Final, Match summary
It was the first time that either team had played in an FA Cup Final, but Manchester United went into the match as favourites, having been league champions the previous season. Despite having lost 1–0 to Bristol City at Bank Street just two weeks earlier, Manchester United held a one-point advantage over their opposition with two matches still to play.


1909 FA Cup Final, Match summary
Both teams usually wore red shirts, so, prior to the final, the FA issued them with orders to change their kit for the match. Manchester United's players sported white shirts with a red V-stripe and a red rose of Lancashire on the left breast, while Bristol City chose to wear blue shirts. Manchester United made an event of the presentation of their new kits, hiring contemporary music hall star George Robey to present the uniforms to the players.


1909 FA Cup Final, Match summary
Manchester United inside left Sandy Turnbull had been struggling with a knee injury in recent times, but, on the morning of the match, he convinced his manager, Ernest Mangnall, that he could play. Turnbull's claim was endorsed by club captain Charlie Roberts, who told Mangnall "[Turnbull] might get a goal and if he does we can afford to carry him."


1909 FA Cup Final, Match summary
The star of the Bristol City team was Billy Wedlock, an England international centre half, but he failed to take control of the game and was nullified by. Manchester United's half back trio of Dick Duckworth, Charlie Roberts and Alex Bell. Manchester United outside right Billy Meredith also played an important part in the match, his contribution to his team's attacking opportunities earning him the man of the match award.


1909 FA Cup Final, Match summary
The only goal of the game came midway through the first half, with Charlie Roberts' earlier comments to his manager proving prophetic. As a result of a Manchester United attack, a shot from Harold Halse hit the crossbar and the ball fell to Sandy Turnbull, who fired the ball past goalkeeper Harry Clay and into the back of the net. Bristol City's closest opportunity came after a fine passing move left inside right Bob Hardy unmarked in front of goal, only to have his shot turned round the post by a diving Harry Moger.


1909 FA Cup Final, Match summary
During the match, Manchester United left back Vince Hayes was injured and had to be removed from the field. As substitutes were not used in those days, it meant that Manchester United were down to 10 men. Mangnall reshuffled his team to retain their numbers in defence, and, after treatment, Hayes returned to the field as a forward. Despite his injury, Hayes lasted to the end of the game, and the match finished 1–0 to Manchester United. Charlie Roberts went up to receive the trophy, becoming the first Manchester United player to lift the FA Cup.


1909 FA Cup Final, Match summary
After the match, the Manchester United mascot, a goat named Billy, drank too much champagne and died of alcohol poisoning. His head was preserved and hangs on the wall of the Manchester United museum at Old Trafford.


1909 FHL season
The 1909 Federal Hockey League (FHL) season was the sixth and final season of the league. The league had four teams participate this season, Cornwall, returning and three new entries, Ottawa Senators, Renfrew Creamery Kings and Smith's Falls. Smith's Falls had previously played in the league. Renfrew was the class of the league, winning all of its games to claim the championship.


1909 FHL season, Season
The season started on January 8 with a game between The Seniors and Cornwall. A game arranged for that night between Renfrew and the Senators was postponed, necessitating a new schedule, and the season started in full gear on January 15, with the Senators visiting The Seniors.


1909 FHL season, Season
Cornwall had difficulty fielding a competitive team, signing junior-age players for several games. The Senators played an exhibition game against Edmonton after their Stanley Cup challenge of the Montreal Wanderers, losing 4–2. The Senators did not draw at the box office, as both the Ottawa HC and the Ottawa Cliffsides drew more fans to The Arena in Ottawa, finishing with only 200 fans attending their last game on February 15.


1909 FHL season, Stanley Cup challenge
After the season, Renfrew played Cobalt of the Timiskaming Professional Hockey League as a tune-up for a possible Stanley Cup challenge versus Ottawa HC of the Eastern Canada Hockey Association, winning 10–3. Renfrew played two exhibitions with the Montreal Wanderers, in Renfrew, losing 8–11, and in Brockville, losing 5–6.


1909 FHL season, Stanley Cup challenge
Renfrew's challenge was stymied by the Stanley Cup trustees because Renfrew had signed players that were signed to other professional clubs. The trustees made those players who had joined teams after January 2 ineligible for Challenge play. Renfrew had signed Bert Lindsay, Didier Pitre and Steve Vair from Edmonton after their exhibition game in Ottawa. The players themselves were 'ringers' for Edmonton, not having played in the previous season for Edmonton, only signing for the Cup challenge. Renfrew had also signed Quebec's Eddie Hogan January 11 and Jack McDonald February 13th.


1909 Finnish championships in aquatics
From 1906 to 1926, the Finnish Swimming Federation did not arrange a dedicated national competition, but spread out the hosting duties of the championship events to multiple clubs.


1909 Finnish championships in aquatics, Swimming, Men, 200 metre breaststroke
According to official rules, the competition should have been swam off instead of splitting the championship.


1909 Finnish championships in aquatics, Water polo, Men
Championship was decided by a single match, won by Helsingfors Simsällskap 6–0 (1–0, 5–0).


1909 Finnish football championship
The 1909 Finnish football championship was the second edition of the Finnish football championship. Four teams participated in the final tournament, which was won by Polyteknikkojen Urheiluseura.


1909 Finnish parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 3 May 1909.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane
The 1909 Florida Keys hurricane caused severe damage in Cuba and the Florida Keys. The twelfth tropical cyclone and fifth hurricane of season, the storm was first detected in the Caribbean Sea offshore Colombia on October 6. Initially a tropical depression, the system became a tropical storm early on the next day while heading northwestward. By October 8, the storm became a Category 1 hurricane on the modern day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale to the southwest of Jamaica. The hurricane curved to the west-northwest and intensified throughout the next day, becoming Category 3 intensity late on October 9.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane
A major hurricane, the cyclone peaked with sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h) early on October 10. Later that day, it turned to the north and made landfall in Pinar del Río Province. After traversing the western extremity of Cuba, the storm entered the Straits of Florida and turned northeastward. The hurricane made landfall near Marathon, Florida, late on October 11 with winds of 115 mph (185 km/h). Thereafter, the system weakened quickly while crossing the northwestern Bahamas and the western Atlantic Ocean, falling to tropical storm intensity late on October 12. About 24 hours later, it weakened to a tropical depression and subsequently dissipated northeast of Bermuda.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane
In western Cuba, strong winds and large waves left severe damage. The cities of Cayuco and La Fe in Pinar del Río Province were completely destroyed, while Guane experienced considerable devastation. Every house in Puerto Esperanza suffered damage due to strong winds. In Havana, the storm caused five fatalities and about $1 million (1909 USD) in damage. The large waves reached the coast of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, causing many fishermen and their families to drown. In the Florida Keys, damage total about $2 million in Key West alone, with about half of the city destroyed, while two fatal injuries occurred.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane
Farther north, the storm destroyed workers camps for construction of the Florida East Coast Railway and drowned 12 people after a tugboat wrecked at Bahia Honda Key. In Miami, several buildings were deroofed, while the newly built March Villa hotel suffered severe damage; impact otherwise was primarily limited to downed trees, however. Overall, the hurricane is attributed to 34 fatalities and over $3 million in damage.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
The origins of the system over the southwestern Caribbean Sea are uncertain, though there were indications of a developing disturbance over the south-central Caribbean as early as October 2. On October 6, the first observations relating to this tropical cyclone were recorded by a ship near . The system was classified as a tropical depression on this day beginning at 12:00 UTC, while it was located about 35 mi (55 km) northwest of Cartagena, Colombia. Initially moving northwestward, the cyclone intensified into a tropical storm early on the next day.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
While passing southwest of Jamaica at 12:00 UTC on October 8, the storm became a Category 1 hurricane. Around that time, the hurricane recurved to the west-northwest. The cyclone continued to deepen, reaching Category 2 intensity by 06:00 UTC on October 9 and Category 3 strength about 12 hours later. It became the season's fourth major hurricane, Early on October 10, the storm peaked with maximum sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h), before turning northward later that day.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
Shortly after 00:00 UTC on October 11, the hurricane made landfall in the Sandino municipality of Pinar del Río Province, Cuba, at the same intensity. The cyclone reached the Straits of Florida after crossing the far western portion of Cuba in about six hours. Re -curving and accelerating to the northeast, the storm weakened slightly before making landfall near Marathon, Florida, with winds of 115 mph (185 km/h) around 18:00 UTC on October 11. On Knights Key, a barometric pressure of 957 mbar (28.3 inHg) was observed, the lowest known in relation to the storm.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
Although it was expected to probably turn northward over the Florida peninsula and impact much of the southern portions of the East Coast of the United States, the storm continued on its northeastward trajectory. Around 00:00 UTC on October 12, the system weakened to a Category 2 hurricane and soon struck Grand Bahama and the Abaco Islands with winds of 105 mph (165 km/h). The system weakened to a Category 1 hurricane about six hours later. Late on October 12, the cyclone weakened to a tropical storm. About 24 hours later, it weakened to a tropical depression and subsequently dissipated 200 mi (320 km) northeast of Bermuda at 18:00 UTC on October 13.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Preparations and impact
In western Cuba, strong winds and large waves left severe damage. The cities of Cayuco and La Fe in Pinar del Río Province were completely destroyed, while Guane experienced considerable devastation. Every house in Puerto Esperanza suffered damage due to strong winds. The Vuelta Abajo area, a prominent tobacco-growing region, suffered extensive flooding. Little damage occurred to tobacco crops, though oranges and other fruits experienced significant losses in portions of La Habana and Pinar del Río provinces. In Havana, the hurricane produced wind gusts as high as 130 mph (210 km/h). A number of small buildings were destroyed or deroofed.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Preparations and impact
The tuberculosis hospital in the Arroyo Naranjo neighborhood was extensively damaged, injuring many patients. At the harbor, between 40 and 50 vessels were capsized or tossed ashore, including launches, lighters, and small tugboats. A total of five fatalities and about $1 million in damage occurred in that city alone. The large waves reached the coast of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, causing many fishermen and their families to drown.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Preparations and impact
Late on October 10, a "northeast storm warning" was issued along the entire Gulf Coast of Florida and to Mobile, Alabama, including Key West, Punta Rassa, Punta Gorda, Tampa, Rockwell, Cedar Key, Carrabelle, Apalachicola, Panama City, and Pensacola. Additionally, on the following day, Willis L. Moore, Chief of the United States Weather Bureau, telegraphed the signal office observers in Jacksonville, Jupiter, and Tampa, as well as in Thomasville, Georgia. Moore instructed the observers to warn residents of the approaching storm.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Preparations and impact
In Key West, sustained winds reached 84 mph (135 km/h). The streets became a "mass of wreckage", with about half of the city described as virtually destroyed. Along Duval Street, telephone and light poles were downed due to high winds. Throughout the city, many frame buildings suffered some degree of damage. At least 500 homes were destroyed, as were seven churches and nine cigar factories, which were among the largest in the Southern United States. The storm demolished two engine houses at the fire department, causing the deaths of several horses and nearly killing firemen in the collapse.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Preparations and impact
Additionally, the post office was damaged and the First National Bank was deroofed. In the vicinity of the island, hundreds of ships were wrecked. Overall, damage in Key West reached approximately $2 million. Newspapers initially noted a death toll around 800, with some reporting as many as 3,000 fatalities. However, this was later found to be greatly exaggerated. Two deaths occurred, both from fatal injuries during the storm. After the storm, Key West mayor Joseph N. Fogarty declared martial law, while guards were ordered to patrol the streets. The United States government was asked to send armed forces for additional policing.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Preparations and impact
At Sand Key, the Weather Bureau office was abandoned. The anemometer cups blew away, but sustained winds were estimated to have reached 100 mph (160 km/h). These winds also toppled the signal tower and all trees on the island. Waves inundated the entire island with at least 4 ft (1.2 m) of water, washing away the outhouses and eventually the Weather Bureau building. Two windows at the top of the lighthouse shattered. At Boca Chica and Sugarloaf keys, the camps for workers constructing the Florida East Coast Railway (FEC) were destroyed.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Preparations and impact
Twelve deaths occurred at Bahia Honda Key after the tugboat Sybil wrecked there. In Marathon, the timekeeper drowned. Overall, the death toll in the Florida Keys was much lower than during the 1906 hurricane – which killed hundreds – attributed to timely and effective warnings. The 1906 hurricane, this storm, and the 1910 hurricane each disrupted completion of the FEC. Nonetheless, the railroad was successfully extended to Key West in 1912.


1909 Florida Keys hurricane, Preparations and impact
In Miami, a number of homes, warehouses, and other buildings were deroofed, including the Masonic temple. The March Villa, a newly built hotel, suffered severe damage. Throughout the city, there were downed trees and sporadic damage reports. In the vicinity of Hallandale, three washouts occurred along the FEC, delaying the train for four hours. Deerfield experienced its heaviest rainfall event in years. Precipitation and the winds combined to destroy nearly all crops in the town. While passing through the Bahamas, the hurricane produced sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h) in Nassau, though no damage in the city was reported.


1909 Florida football team
The 1909 Florida football team represented the University of Florida during the 1909 college football season. The University of the State of Florida officially shortened its name to the University of Florida in 1909, and the season was George E. Pyle's first as the head coach of the University of Florida football team. Pyle's 1909 Florida football team finished its fourth varsity football season 6–1–1.


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Gainesville A. C.
The season opened with a 5–0 defeat of the Gainesville Athletic Club.


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, at Olympics
In the second week of play, Dummy Taylor kicked three field goals to beat the Olympics 9–0 in Jacksonville.


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, at Olympics
The starting lineup was Moody (left end), Wagner (left tackle), McMillian (left guard), Storter (center), Cox (right guard), Rader (right tackle), Johnston (right en), Pile (quarterback), Shands (left halfback), Taylor (right halfback), Vidal (fullback).


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Rollins
Florida also defeated the Rollins Tars twice. In the first game in Gainesville, Florida beat Rollins 14–0 in a contest described as "fast and furious". Taylor hit McCormick on a 20-yard pass,  and scored every point.


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Rollins
The starting lineup was Moody (left end), Wagner (left tackle), Skipper (left guard), Storter (center), Cox (right guard), Rader (right tackle), McCormick (right end), Edgerton (quarterback), Shands (left halfback), Taylor (right halfback), Vidal (fullback).


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Stetson
The 1909 Florida football team played the Stetson Hatters twice in the same season for the second year, first losing 0–26 on the Hatters' home field in DeLand, Florida.


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Stetson
The starting lineup was Moody (left end), Wagner (left tackle), McMillan (left guard), Baker (center), Cox (right guard), Rader (right tackle), Johnstone (right end), Edgerton (quarterback), Shands (left halfback), Taylor (right halfback), Vidal (fullback).


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Rollins
In a second game in Orlando, Florida beat Rollins 28–3. Florida fumbled the kickoff and Rollins made a field goal. Taylor ran 45 and 75 yards for touchdowns in the first half. In the second half, Taylor had another 60-yard run. Edgerton had a 30-yard run and McCormick one of 80 yards. The game was called early due to darkness.


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Olympics
The Gators met the Olympics at home again and beat them 11–0. Under favorable weather, Taylor and Moody scored touchdowns for Florida.


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Olympics
The starting lineup was Moody (left end), Wagner (left tackle), McMillan (left guard), Storter (center), Cox (right guard), Rader (right tackle), McCormick (right end), Edgerton (quarterback), Shands (left halfback), Taylor (right halfback), Vidal (fullback).


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Stetson
Stetson was also tied 5–5 on the Orange and Blue's home field in Gainesville. 1909 is the last season in which Stetson claims a state championship. About 200 Stetson fans came to Gainesville.


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Stetson
The starting lineup was Moody (left end), Waggoner (left tackle), Tenny (left guard), Storter (center), Cox (right guard), Rader (right tackle), Woolery (right end), Edgerton (quarterback), Bartleson (left halfback), Taylor (right halfback), Vidal (fullback).


1909 Florida football team, Season summary, Tallahassee A. C.
In the season's final game, the Tallahassee Athletic Club was beaten 24–0.


1909 Fordham Maroon football team
The 1909 Fordham Maroon football team was an American football team that represented Fordham University as an independent during the 1909 college football season. Fordham claims a 13–2–2 record, but Sports Reference LLC and College Football Data Warehouse (CFDW) list the team's record at 5–1–2.


1909 Fordham Maroon football team
Howard Gargan was the coach for a second and final year, and Frank Gargan was the captain. The team played its home games at American League Park in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan.


1909 Fordham Maroon football team, Schedule
The following eight games are reported in Fordham's media guide, CFDW, Sports Reference LLC, and contemporaneous press coverage.


1909 Fordham Maroon football team, Schedule
The following are eight additional games reported in the Fordham media guide.


1909 Forfarshire by-election
The Forfarshire by-election of 1909 was held on 27 February 1909. The by-election was held due to the elevation to the peerage of the incumbent Liberal MP, John Sinclair who became Baron Pentland. It was won by the Liberal candidate James Falconer.