1913 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
On May 23, the Reds traded struggling pitcher Art Fromme to the New York Giants, receiving pitcher Red Ames, outfielder Josh Devore, second baseman Heinie Groh and $20,000. Ames, an eleven-year veteran, had a 108–77 record and a 2.45 ERA with the Giants, and helped New York win the 1905 World Series.


1913 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Chief Johnson emerged as the ace of the pitching staff in his rookie season, going 14–16 with a 3.01 ERA in 44 games. Johnson led the team with 269 innings pitched, 13 complete games and 107 strikeouts. Ames led the Reds with a 2.88 ERA, posting a record of 11–12 and pitching 187.1 innings after his mid-season trade from the New York Giants. The Reds pitching staff struggled, as their team ERA of 3.46 was seventh in the National League.


1913 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season, Season summary
The Reds got off to a very poor start in 1913, going 4–16 in their first twenty games, sitting in last place. The club remained in last place until the end of July, as on July 29, they passed the St. Louis Cardinals in the standings after a win over the Brooklyn Superbas to improve their record to 36-59. Cincinnati would finish the season in seventh place with a 64-89 record. Their .418 winning percentage was their lowest since 1901. The Reds finished 37.5 games behind the first-place New York Giants.


1913 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1913 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1913 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Cincinnati football team
The 1913 Cincinnati football team was an American football team that represented the University of Cincinnati as a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference during the 1913 college football season. In their second and final season under head coach Lowell Dana, the Bearcats compiled a 5–3–1 record (4–2–1 against conference opponents). Clement Fenker was the team captain. The team played its home games at Carson Field in Cincinnati.


1913 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1913 Clemson Tigers football team represented the Clemson Tigers of Clemson Agricultural College during the 1913 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. Under second-year head coach Bob Williams, the team posted a 4–4 record. A. P. Gandy was the captain.


1913 Clemson Tigers football team, Bibliography
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1913 Clemson Tigers football team, Bibliography
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1913 Cleveland Naps season
The 1913 Cleveland Naps season was a season in American baseball. The team finished third in the American League with a record of 86–66, 9½ games behind the Philadelphia Athletics.


1913 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1913 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1913 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Club Atlético Boca Juniors season
The 1913 Club Atlético Boca Juniors season was the squad's debuting season in Argentine Primera División, the top division of the Argentine league system, after having been promoted by the Argentine Football Association on February 10, along with Banfield, C.A. Comercio, Estudiantil Porteño, Ferrocarril Sud, Olivos, Platense, and Riachuelo.


1913 Club Atlético Boca Juniors season
Boca Juniors' debut in Primera was on April 13 v Estudiantil Porteño, a 4–2 win as visitor with 3 goals scored by Arnulfo Leal. Boca Juniors finished 5th. at its first season in Primera División, playing a total of 14 matches. The team won 8, lost 4 and drew 2, scoring 29 goals and conceding 16. In 1913 Boca also played the first official match v arch-rival River Plate, known as Superclásico, held in Estadio Racing Club, and being won by River Plate by 2–1.


1913 Club Atlético Boca Juniors season
By that time, Boca had been evicted from the field in Dársena Sud so the team played their home venues at Club Atlético Estudiantes stadium located in Palermo for most part of the championship, also playing at Riachuelo stadium the last matches. With its debut in Primera División, Boca Juniors also introduced its classic horizontal gold band instead of the diagonal design used until then.


1913 Club Atlético Boca Juniors season, Squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1913 Club Atlético Boca Juniors season, Matches, Primera División
After the schism in Argentine football of 1912, there were two parallel competitions, the official league (where Boca Juniors played, formed by 15 teams) and dissident Federación Argentina de Football (with 10 teams competing). Boca Juniors finished 5th. to champion Racing Club, with 18 points in 14 matches.


1913 Colgate football team
The 1913 Colgate football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University as an independent during the 1913 college football season. In its second season under head coach Laurence Bankart, the team compiled a 6–1–1 record. Frederick Peterson was the team captain. The team played its home games on Whitnall Field in Hamilton, New York.


1913 College Football All-America Team
The 1913 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1913 college football season. The only two selectors who have been recognized as "official" selectors by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for the 1913 season are Walter Camp and the International News Service (INS). Camp's All-America Team was published in Collier's Weekly. The INS was founded in 1909 by William Randolph Hearst, and its sports editor Frank G. Menke selected the INS All-America team. Other sports writers, newspapers, coaches selecting All-America teams in 1913 included Harper's Weekly, Fielding H. Yost, and Parke H. Davis.


1913 College Football All-America Team, Consensus All-Americans
In its official record book, the NCAA designates players who were selected by either Camp or INS as "consensus" All-Americans. Using this criteria, the NCAA recognizes 15 as "consensus" All-Americans for the 1913 season. The consensus players are identified in bold on the main list below ("All-Americans of 1913"). Camp and INS unanimously selected the following seven players as All-Americans:


1913 College Football All-Southern Team
The 1913 College Football All-Southern Team consists of American football players selected to the College Football All-Southern Teams selected by various organizations for the 1913 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season.


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Composite eleven
The composite All-Southern eleven formed by the selection of 18 sporting writers culled by the Atlanta Constitution included:


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Composite overview
Enoch Brown, Tom Brown, and Big Thigpen were unanimous selections.


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
C = received votes for a composite All-Southern eleven compiled from 18 sports writers by the Atlanta Constitution.


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
ZC = compiled from sports writers, coaches, and others by Z. G. Clevenger, coach at University of Tennessee The coaches involved in the compilation were Clevenger of Tenn, Cunningham of Georgia, Graves of Alabama, Major of Clemson, Hardage of Mercer; McGugin of Vanderbilt, Cope of Sewanee, and Heisman of Tech. McWhorter and Rainey tied in votes, as many moved McWhorter to fullback to make room for him.


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
SP = posted by coach Bill Cunningham of the University of Georgia, combining selections of sports writers and coaches in the South.


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
BC = the personal selection of coach Cunningham of Georgia.


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
D = selected by Mike Donahue, coach at Auburn University. It had a first and second team.


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
WL = W. A. Lambeth of the University of Virginia.


1913 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
AR = member of a Southern all star team which played against the Seventeenth Infantry of Army at West Point. It featured stars of previous seasons as well.


1913 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1913 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team represented Colorado Agricultural College (now known as Colorado State University) in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1913 college football season. In their third season under head coach Harry W. Hughes, the Aggies compiled a 3–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 115 to 43.


1913 Colorado Mines Orediggers football team
The 1913 Colorado Mines Orediggers football team was an American football team that represented the Colorado School of Mines in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1912 college football season. The team compiled a 5–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 127 to 47.


1913 Colorado Silver and Gold football team
The 1913 Colorado Silver and Gold football team was an American football team that represented the University of Colorado as a member of the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1913 college football season. In its 13th year under head coach Fred Folsom, the team compiled a 5–1–1 record (4–0–1 against RMC opponents), won the conference championship, and outscored all opponents by a total of 82 to 33.


1913 Columbus Panhandles season
The 1913 Columbus Panhandles season was their eighth season in existence. The team played in the Ohio League and posted a 3-4-2 record.


1913 Connecticut Aggies football team
The 1913 Connecticut Aggies football team represented Connecticut Agricultural College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1913 college football season. The Aggies were led by first year head coach P. T. Brady, and completed the season with a record of 5–3.


1913 Copa Ibarguren
The 1913 Copa Ibarguren was the 1st. edition of this National cup of Argentina, which trophy had been donated by Minister of Justice and Public Instruction, Dr. Carlos Ibarguren. It was played by the champions of both leagues, Primera División and Liga Rosarina de Football crowned during 1913.


1913 Copa Ibarguren
Racing (Primera División champion) faced Newell's Old Boys (Liga Rosarina champion) at Estadio Racing Club in Avellaneda, on April 5, 1914. Racing won 3–1 with two goals by striker Alberto Marcovecchio.


1913 Copa La Nación Final
The 1913 Copa de Competencia La Nación Final was the final that decided the winner of the 1st. edition of Copa de Competencia La Nación, an Argentine domestic cup organised by dissident body Federación Argentina de Football. The match was contested by Argentino de Quilmes and Rosario Central.


1913 Copa La Nación Final
The final was held in Gimnasia y Esgrima Stadium in Palermo, Buenos Aires, on October 26, 1913. Rosario Central beat Argentino 3–2, winning their first national title ever.


1913 Copa La Nación Final, Overview
This edition was contested by all the teams of the 1913 Primera División season (excepting Tigre) plus Second Division teams. The competition was named after newspaper La Nación, which had donated the trophy.


1913 Copa La Nación Final, Overview
The competition was played under a single-elimination format, with two Rosario representatives entering directly to semifinals. In that stage, Rosario Central beat Porteño 2–1 at Independiente stadium, earning its right to play the final. On the other hand, Argentino started in round of 16, beating Juventud del Tigre 3–1, Gimnasia y Esgrima BA 2–0, Estudiantes de La Plata 1–0 and Tiro Federal 4–0 in the semifinal.


1913 Copa de Honor Cousenier
The 1913 Copa de Honor Cousenier was the final match to decide the winner of the Copa de Honor Cousenier, the 9th. edition of the international competition organised by the Argentine and Uruguayan Associations together. The final was contested by Uruguayan Club Nacional de Football and Argentine Racing Club de Avellaneda.


1913 Copa de Honor Cousenier
The match was held in the Estadio Gran Parque Central in Montevideo, on November 16, 1913. As the match ended in a 2–2 tie, both association scheduled a playoff for December 8 in the same venue, where Racing beat Nacional 3–2, winning its first and only Copa Cousenier trophy.


1913 Copa de Honor MCBA Final
The 1913 Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires was the final that decided the champion of the 9th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in Ferro C. Oeste Stadium in Caballito, Buenos Aires, Racing Club beat Club Atlético Estudiantes 5–1, winning its second consecutive Copa de Honor trophy. On the other hand, it was the third and last Copa de Honor final played by Estudiantes, with no success.


1913 Copa de Honor MCBA Final, Overview
The 1918 edition was contested by 18 clubs, 13 within Buenos Aires Province, and 5 from Santa Fe Province (4 from Liga Rosarina de Football, and one from the city of Santa Fe). Playing in a single-elimination tournament, Racing beat C.A. Ferrocarril Sud (6–1), Estudiantil Porteño (4–0 in Avellaneda), and Club Atlético San Isidro (2–0 in the semifinal, also in Avellaneda).


1913 Copa de Honor MCBA Final, Overview
On the other side, Estudiantes beat C.A. Riachuelo (3–0 in Barracas), River Plate (4–2 in Dársena Sur), Belgrano A.C. (unknown score, at its own field in Palermo), and Boca Juniors (5–4 in extra time, at San Isidro). The final was held in Ferro C. Oeste Stadium on November 9, 1913. Racing beat Estudiantes 5–1, also winning its second consecutive Copa de Honor title.


1913 Copa del Rey
The 1913 Copa del Rey comprised two different competitions held the same year.


1913 Copa del Rey
Due to disagreements between the Royal Spanish Football Federation (Spanish: Real Federación Española de Fútbol, RFEF) and some clubs, in 1913 two parallel competitions were held: an "official", organized by the FEF (Federación Española de Fútbol), in Madrid and an "unofficial", organized by the UECF (Unión Española de Clubes de Fútbol), in Barcelona. Both are currently recognized as official by the RFEF.


1913 Copa del Rey, Copa FEF (Federación Española de Fútbol)
The competition started on 16 March 1913 and concluded on 23 March 1913 with the replay of the Final, held at the O'Donell, Madrid, in which Racing de Irún lifted the trophy for the first time ever with a 1-0 victory over Athletic Bilbao.


1913 Copa del Rey, Copa UECF (Unión Española de Clubes de Fútbol)
Three teams were going to take part in the tournament, but Pontevedra CF withdrew before the start of the tournament.


1913 Copa del Rey Final
There were two Copa del Rey Finals played in 1913:


1913 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1913 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the fifth staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.


1913 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
Redmonds won the championship following a 5-3 to 1-0 defeat of Cloyne in the final.


1913 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1913 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 27th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.


1913 Cork Senior Football Championship
On 7 September 1913, Macroom won the championship following a 1-02 to 0-03 defeat of Fermoy in the final at the Cork Athletic Grounds. This was their fourth championship title overall and their second title in succession.


1913 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1913 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 26th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.


1913 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
On 30 November 1913, Blackrock won the championship following a 3-3 to 2-3 defeat of Midleton in the final. This was their 14th championship title overall and their fourth title in succession.


1913 Cornell Big Red football team
The 1913 Cornell Big Red football team was an American football team that represented Cornell University during the 1913 college football season. In their second season under head coach Albert Sharpe, the Big Red compiled a 5–4–1 record and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 132 to 89. Two Cornell players received honors on Walter Camp's 1913 College Football All-America Team: tackle Jimmie Munns (third team); and end W. H. Fritz (second team).


1913 Costa Rican general election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 7 December 1913, the first direct elections since 1844. They were also the first elections to have universal male suffrage, after economic and educational requirements were eliminated. Máximo Fernández Alvarado of the Republican Party won the presidential election, but both he and runner-up Carlos Durán Cartín later resigned and Alfredo González Flores was appointed president by Congress on 8 May 1914. The Republican Party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 78.0% in the presidential election and 78.6% in the parliamentary election.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Background
Yglesias, age 52, had previously been president and his government had been quite authoritarian, among other things reforming the Constitution by force in order to be reelected indefinitely and repressing the opposition and the press. He was supported by the Civil Party, which was basically a personalist party that revolved around his figure. Máximo Fernández, 56, was president of the Congress and a member of the Republican Party. Durán, on his part, was candidate of the National Union Party that had previously ruled with Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra and Cleto González Víquez. Durán was a doctor and was 61 years old, being the oldest of the candidates. He had previously been a Third Appointed to the Presidency (equivalent to Vice President) in the time of Bernardo Soto. All were liberals.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Background
The official candidate was Fernandez, but did not have the backing of then president and fellow party member Ricardo Jimenez Oreamuno, who stayed on the sidelines and did not endorse any nominee.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Campaign
The three parties were clearly identified by the colors of their flags; the blue for the Republicans, the red for the Civils and the green for the National Union.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Campaign
For these elections the second degree vote had been eliminated so the president was directly elected by the population, however the vote remained public (it would be until a reform in 1925) so that democratic liberties were questionable; public employees had to vote for the pro-government candidate and private employees as coffee workers for the candidate who favored their employers otherwise they could suffer reprisals.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Campaign
Durán was supported by the upper class, the aristocracy and by "The Olympus" (the elite circle of liberal thinkers) but Máximo Fernández enjoyed great popularity and popular support. During the campaign the candidates attacked each other. Yglesias was reminded of his authoritarian government as a tyrant and despot, as well as highlighting his lack of professional training, calling him a miller and ignorant. Fernández was accused of being an ambitious businessman in collusion with foreign interests and having had links with the Nicaraguan dictator José Santos Zelaya López, in the case of Durán, the attacks focused less on him and more on his political godfather Cleto González Víquez.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Campaign
Durán and Yglesias had agreed to support each other if the minimum required to win in the first round was not achieved (in which case the Congress appointed the president from among the most voted candidates). However, after the elections and as was effectively anticipated, none reached the minimum, after long and complex negotiations between Fernández, Durán, President Jiménez Oreamuno and a new political figure that appeared in the negotiations, Federico Tinoco, the Republicans decide finely make a bold political move and appoint Alfredo González Flores who had not been a candidate, to prevent the triumph of Yglesias.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Campaign
Thus, Jiménez Oreamuno gives power to González by symbolically granting him control of the army even before the vote in Parliament, arguing that it was "ceremonial" . Criticized on this matter, Jiménez said:


1913 Costa Rican general election, Campaign
From duranismo I like the chief but not the party, from fernandismo I like the party but not the chief, of civilismo I don’t like neither the party nor the chief.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Aftermath
The next day the session of the Congress is held, which had to choose the President. The new elected deputies were sworn in (since part of the Plenary was renewed in each election), eight deputies being "Fernandistas", seven "Duranistas" and six Civilistas, who joined the deputies already in office, where the Republican and National Union had a majority and had forged the pact against Yglesias, of which the Civilistas were informed. Fernández is absent from the session, so it is presided over by Leónidas Pacheco. The Civilistas react furiously. Deputy Luis Anderson Morúa said:


1913 Costa Rican general election, Aftermath
We all citizens are already informed that the President won’t come out of the ballot boxes but out of the Artillery Headquarters.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Aftermath
Cromwell is at the gates but –unfortunately- he’s a Cromwell of vaudeville.


1913 Costa Rican general election, Aftermath
The ruling party argues that having resigned (having read their resignations) the two most voted candidates of the elections; Fernández and Durán, it is legitimate for the Congress to choose others. Finally, after long discussions, it was approved with 36 votes (out of 43) appointing Alfredo González Flores —then 36 years old— President of the Republic.


1913 County Championship
The 1913 County Championship was the twenty-fourth officially organised running of the County Championship. Kent County Cricket Club won their fourth championship title.


1913 Croatian parliamentary election
Croatian parliamentary elections were held on 16 and 17 December 1913. There were 209,618 eligible male voters. According to the census of December 31, 1910, the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia had a population of 2,621,954.


1913 Croatian parliamentary election
The Croatian parliament had been dissolved by ban Slavko Cuvaj on 27 January 1912. On April 4 Cuvaj suspended the constitution and the following day was proclaimed commissioner of the Kingdom. Over the course of the following year two assassination attempts were made on Cuvaj, leading to his withdrawal as commissioner. Ivan Skerlecz was proclaimed ban on November 27, 1913 and called elections for 16 and 17 December.


1913 Danish Folketing election
Folketing elections were held in Denmark on 20 May 1913. Although the Social Democratic Party received the most votes, Venstre won the most seats. Voter turnout was 74.5%.


1913 Danish local elections
The Danish regional elections of 1913 were held in March 1913. 10,038 municipal council members were elected.


1913 Dartmouth football team
The 1913 Dartmouth football team represented Dartmouth College in the 1913 college football season. They finished with a 7–1 record and outscored their opponents 218 to 79.


1913 Dayton St. Mary's Cadets season
The 1913 Dayton St. Mary's Cadets season was their first season in existence, as a player in the unofficial Ohio League. The team finshed with a 7–0 record.


1913 Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football team
The 1913 Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football team was an American football team that represented Delaware College (later renamed the University of Delaware) as an independent during the 1913 college football season. In its sixth season under head coach William McAvoy, the team compiled a 2–4–2 record and was outscored by a total of 82 to 55. William F. Cann was the team captain. The team played its home games at Frazer Field in Newark, Delaware.


1913 Denver Pioneers football team
The 1913 Denver Pioneers football team represented the University of Denver in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1913 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Charles Wingender, the team compiled a 2–5 record (1–3 against RMC opponents), finished sixth in the conference, and was outscored by opponents by a total of 140 to 47.


1913 Detroit Heralds season
The 1913 Detroit Heralds season was the ninth season for the Detroit Heralds, an independent American football team. Led by coach Bill Marshall, the team compiled a 7–0 record, shut out seven opponents, and allowed only six points during the entire season. In addition to playing teams from within the State of Michigan, the 1913 Heralds also played and defeated teams from Canada (the Windsor Independents), Ohio (the Cleveland Tomahawks), and Illinois (Eckersall's Maroons from Chicago).


1913 Detroit Heralds season
The Heralds' undefeated season in 1913 was followed by a second consecutive undefeated season in 1914, a winning streak that lasted 17 games.


1913 Detroit Heralds season, Players
The team's players included the following, those players with at least four starts shown in bold:


1913 Detroit Tigers football team
The 1913 Detroit Tigers football team  was an American football team that represented the University of Detroit in the 1913 college football season. In its first season under head coach George M. Lawton, the team compiled a 5–3–1 record and outscored its opponents by a combined total of 166 to 85.


1913 Detroit Tigers season
The 1913 Detroit Tigers season was a season in American baseball. The team finished sixth in the American League with a record of 66–87, 30 games behind the Philadelphia Athletics.


1913 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1913 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1913 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1913 Dover by-election
The Dover by-election of 1913 was held on 23 June 1913. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Conservative MP, George Wyndham. It was won by the Conservative candidate Vere Ponsonby, who was unopposed. Ponsonby would later become ninth Earl of Bessborough.


1913 Duquesne Dukes football team
The 1913 Duquesne Dukes football team represented Duquesne University during the 1913 college football season. The head coach was Norman "Bill" Budd, coaching his first season with the Dukes.


1913 Dutch general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands on 17 and 25 June 1913. Despite receiving the fourth highest number of votes, the General League of Roman Catholic Caucuses emerged as the largest party, winning 25 of the 100 seats in the House of Representatives. After the election, the independent liberal Pieter Cort van der Linden became Prime Minister of the Netherlands, leading a cabinet of Liberals, Free-thinking Democrats, Christian Historicals and other independent liberals.


1913 Dutch general election, Results, By district
Social Democratic    Free-thinking Democratic    Liberal    Free Liberal    Christian Historical    Anti-Revolutionary    Roman Catholic


1913 East Antrim by-election
The East Antrim by-election of 1913 was held on 19 February 1913. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Irish Unionist MP, James McCalmont. It was won by the Irish Unionist candidate Robert McCalmont, who was unopposed.


1913 East Waterford by-election
The East Waterford by-election of 1913 was held on 15 February 1913. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary MP, Patrick Joseph Power. It was won by the Irish Parliamentary candidate Martin Joseph Murphy, who was unopposed.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season
The 1913 Eastern Suburbs DRLFC season was the 6th in the club's history. Competing in the New South Wales Rugby Football League's 1913 Premiership and by finishing the season at the top of the ladder, won their 3rd consecutive title. The club was therefore awarded the Royal Agricultural Society Shield permanently.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 17 (3 Tries; 4 Goals) defeated Newtown 15 (3 Tries; 3 Goals) at the Sydney Cricket Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
This was the first rugby league club match played at the Sydney Cricket Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 15 ( 3 Tries; 3 Goals) defeated North Sydney 8 (Burge, Broomham Tries; McFarlane Goal) at the Agricultural Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 9 (1 Try; 2 Goals; 1 Field Goal) defeated Western Suburbs 5 (1 Try; 1 Goal) at Pratten Park.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 33 (9 Tries; 3  Goals) defeated Annandale 5 (1 Try; 1 Goal) at the Agricultural Ground


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 12 (2 Tries; 2 Goals; 1 Field Goal) defeated Balmain 0 at Wentworth Park.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 12 (2 Tries; 3 Goals) defeated South Sydney 0 at Sydney Cricket Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs success over South Sydney at the Cricket Ground gives the Tricolours a commanding lead in this years championship The reappearance of H. H. Messenger has toned up their back division to such an extent that they are now playing with all last years determination, whilst their vanguard is playing well to a man. South Sydney's  form on Saturday was somewhat disappointing especially in view of their excellent form in their contest with Glebe. They were beaten all round with one exception and that was at full back, Hallett gave a remarkable display of superb Holding and kicking of the sodden and greasy ball His rival, Kinghorn, also did well and was reliable.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 28 ( Tidyman 3, W. Messenger, +2 triees; H.H Messenger 5 Goals ) defeated ( Glebe 9 ( 3 Tries )) at Agricultural Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
When last years premiers were so closely tested by Newtown at the opening of the present club campaign, it was thought by many that the form of the Tricolours was deteriorating; but subsequent happenings and the Addition of H. H. Messenger have banished all fears in this respect. The presence of their old captain in the three-quarter line has had a revivifying influence, and their attacking machinery, which was so disjointed in their earlier matches, is now running smoothly as [ever].


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
This was described as a sensational match. containing some of the most sensational incidents witnessed all season. The "deadly tackling" of forwards O’Malley, Williams and Lees were singled out for special praise.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Newtown 14 (P. McCue, J. Barnett Tries; C. Russell 4 Goals) defeated Eastern Suburbs 11 (D. Frawley Try; D. Messenger 2, W. Messenger Goal; D. Messenger Field Goal) at the Sydney Cricket Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
There has not been so much enthusiasm showed in a competition game since Newtown defeated Eastern Suburbs 12 months ago by the odd goal as on Saturday, when Newtown again vanquished the league champions, as the premiers have not been beaten in the last seven matches, they had the moral strength that comes of an unbeaten record . But the large public patronage to the meeting of these clubs showed that, despite the Eastern Suburb's clubs splendid accomplishments, it was not unreasonable to expect Newtown to triumph on this occasion. Newtowns superiority was in the forwards who secured the ball in the majority of scrums, and were more formidable in the ruck. Newtown tried an experiment that was successful. P. Cruise was introduced at stand-off half, and did well, although unfamiliar with the league game.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Within three minutes of the kick-off M'Cue scored for Newtown from a forward rush, but Russell failed at goal. For a few minutes it looked as if Newtown would carry all before them, but their opponents' backs answered every call. Then W. Messenger kicked a fine penalty goal . Newtown 3 points to 2. The pace became exceedingly fast. But superb tackling checked any spectacular play by the backs of either side. At length Newtown's efforts were rewarded.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
From a penalty kick the forwards rushed the ball over the line and from a ruck Barnett scored, and Russell converted Newtown, 9 points Eastern Suburbs, 2. Just after the kick out Eastern Suburbs were awarded a penalty, and Messenger scored a goal, the ball striking the post and bouncing over the bar. Newtown continued to attack. However penalties were frequent, and D. Messenger from one kicked another goal. This he supplemented by kicking a magnificent field goal from about 30 yards out. 8 points all. Eastern Suburbs were apparently becoming over-anxious, as frequent penalties were incurred for off-side and interference. Russell had five shots at goal, and just before the interval put one over the bar Newtown 10 points to 8.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Directly after restarting Russell, with the wind behind him, kicked his third goal, and Newtown led by 12 points to 8. Eastern Suburb's pack rushed the ball to Newtown's twenty-five and from a scum Halloway served Frawley, who fended off an opponent and scored, Newtown 12 points to 11. Newtown were not dismayed, however, and they again had Eastern Suburbs defending vigorously. The latter were penalised on their own twenty-five for not 'playing' the ball and Russell kicked his fourth goal. Newtown 14 points to 11. Each side in turn attacked, but the defence was resolute, and full-time was called with the scores unaltered. It was a grand struggle, and strenuous to a degree. Sydney Morning Herald


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 24 (P. White, ?,  Lees  Tries; Messenger 4 Goals; Messenger, Kinghorn Field Goal) defeated North Sydney 18 ( Sulivan 2, Green, Wilkinson tries; Miller 3 Goals) at the Sydney Cricket Ground. Crowd 7,000


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Until North Sydney learn to put effective finishing touches to good attacking movements they cannot hope for success. In their match with Eastern Suburbs on Saturday they were practically on the offense from start to finish. They did excellently in midfield play, but when the got close to their opponents line they appeared to lose their heads, and consequently, many good  chances were frittered away towards the close by the northerners who had several splendid opportunities of obtaining a lead, but something always went wrong at the critical time.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
It was not a brilliant game, and the Premiers share was not worthy of their reputation of the team. Their victory was almost due solely to the fact their champion goal kicker H. H. Messenger was in one of his happiest moods being responsible for ten out of the 24 points scored.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 11 (3 Tries; 1 Goal) defeated Western Suburbs 10 (2 Tries; 2 Goals)  at the Agricultural Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 19 (5 Tries; 2 Goals) defeated Annandale 8 (2 Tries; 1 Goal) at Wentworth Park.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 13 (3 Tries; 2 Goals) defeated Balmain 5(1 Try; 1 Goal) at the Sydney Cricket Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Eastern Suburbs 14(???) defeated South Sydney 7(H. Thompson Try; H. Horder 2 Goals) at Sydney Cricket Ground.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
The Rugby League premiership of 1913 is now another chapter in football history. Eastern Suburbs, by their brilliant victory over South Sydney, at the Sydney Cricket  Ground on Saturday, have attained a position which is unassailable. This year's triumph by  Eastern Suburbs is their third successive win Since the introduction of the 13 a side code. Throughout the season they have shown that they are a particularly well balanced  combination, thoroughly sound in defence, and possessing attacking powers which are, taken all through, of a very high order. Saturday's success crowns a really splendid season's work, which has gained not only championship honours, but gives the club absolute possession of the shield presented  by the Agricultural Society.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Saturday's game was a brilliant exhibition on the whole, and the winners share was characterised by sterling forward work, and nice Individualism by their backs. South Sydney, although outplayed, showed good form, and their first score was secured by that nippiness and cleverness which have marked many of their successes. Both teams were below their normal strength. H, H. Messegrer and Williams were badly missed by the Eastern side, and A. Butlers absence from the South team was Indeed a severe handicap.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
Glebe  14 ( Norman 2, Pert, Gray,  Tries; Lego Goal) defeated Eastern Suburbs 9 ( Halloway, Try; D. Messenger Goal) at Agricultural Ground. Crowd 10, 000.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Match results
The last round of competition matches on Saturday had no bearing on the competition table, as Eastern Suburbs' position as premiers was unassailable.


1913 Eastern Suburbs season, Season highlights
The shield, Rugby leagues first trophy, was then presented by Eastern Suburbs to Dally Messenger in appreciation for all that he had done. This was Messengers final season.


1913 Edmonton municipal election
The 1913 municipal election was held December 8, 1913 to elect a mayor and five aldermen to sit on Edmonton City Council, trustees to sit on the public school board, and four trustees to sit on the separate school board.


1913 Edmonton municipal election
There were ten aldermen on city council, but five of the positions were already filled: Hugh Calder, Joseph Driscoll, James East, Gustave May, and Harry Smith had all been elected to two-year terms in 1912 and were still in office. Each voter could cast up to five votes.


1913 Edmonton municipal election
There were eight trustees on the public school board, but three of the positions were already filled: Alex Butchart, K W MacKenzie, and J J McKenzie had been elected to two-year terms in 1912. The election of five trustees in 1913 would bring the board's size to eight, an increase from seven. To keep an equal number of trustees elected each year, L D Parney was acclaimed to a one-year term.


1913 Edmonton municipal election
There were seven positions on the separate board, but three of them were already filled: Wilfrid Gariépy, M J O'Farrell, and Milton Martin had been acclaimed to two-year terms in 1912, and were still in office. The election of four trustees in 1913 would bring the board's size to seven, an increase from six.


1913 Edmonton municipal election
The 1913 election was the first election in Edmonton's history to see an incumbent mayor defeated. It is also the closest mayoral race in the city's history as measured by percentage of the vote, although the absolute difference in votes between candidates in the 1903 election was smaller.


1913 Edmonton municipal election, Voter turnout
8916 voters cast ballots. There were 27672 eligible voters, for a voter turnout of 32.2%.


1913 Edmonton municipal election, Results, Aldermanic election
Total number of votes cast in aldermanic contest: 34,994All elected were white males.


1913 English cricket season
1913 was the 24th season of County Championship cricket in England. Kent won the title for the fourth time in eight seasons.


1913 English cricket season, Leading batsmen
Phil Mead topped the averages with 2627 runs @ 50.51


1913 English cricket season, Leading bowlers
Sydney Barnes topped the averages with 35 wickets @ 10.02


1913 Epsom Derby
The 1913 Epsom Derby, sometimes referred to as “The Suffragette Derby”, was a horse race which took place at Epsom Downs on 4 June 1913. It was the 134th running of the Derby. The race was won, controversially, by Aboyeur at record 100–1 odds. The winner was ridden by Edwin Piper and trained by Alan Cunliffe.


1913 Epsom Derby
The race is regarded as the world's most famous horse race, but not for the performances of the horses on the track. The race itself was overshadowed by the death of suffragette Emily Davison, who was killed when she ran out in front of King George V's horse, Anmer. The horse struck Davison as she tried to grab the horse's reins, the injuries she received proved fatal as she died 4 days later. Davison was a militant suffragette and a member of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), she campaigned throughout her life for votes for women in the United Kingdom.


1913 Epsom Derby
The race was attended by an estimated 500,000 people, including the King and Queen.


1913 Epsom Derby, Race Details
Aboyeur, ridden by Edwin Piper, took an early lead which he maintained into the straight, where he ran about three horse-widths away from the inside rail to his left. Several challengers emerged: Craganour challenged the leader on his immediate outside (right), with Nimbus and Great Sport further out, while Shogun, Louvois and Day Comet moved up on the inside. The initial interference occurred when Craganour, ridden by Johnny Reiff, hung left, bumping Aboyeur who in turn veered towards the rail, badly hampering Shogun, Louvois and Day Comet.


1913 Epsom Derby, Race Details
Piper, then struck his horse with his whip in his left hand, causing Aboyeur to hang sharply back to the centre of the track, colliding with Craganour and attempting to bite him. Throughout the final furlong Reiff, with his whip in his right hand, and Piper, with his whip in his left, continued to drive their horses into each other, leading to repeated bumps as the other horses drew nearer. Craganour crossed the line first in a blanket finish, just ahead of Aboyeur, Day Comet, Louvois, Great Sport and Nimbus, with Shogun, Sun Yat and Bachelor's Wedding finishing just behind.


1913 Epsom Derby, Race Details
After a brief pause, the Judge, Mr Robinson announced the result as Craganour first, Aboyeur second, Louvois third, having apparently missed Day Comet on the inside who had been obscured by other runners. The result would not have been official however until the Stewards (senior racecourse officials) announced that everything was “All Right”. After a delay, the announcement was made and then immediately withdrawn. It was then announced that an official objection had been lodged against the winner, not by a rival jockey, as was customary, but by the Stewards themselves.


1913 Epsom Derby, Race Details
After a lengthy inquiry in which the Judge and the jockeys were interviewed, the Stewards disqualified Craganour on the grounds that he had failed to keep a straight course and had thereby “jostled”, “bumped and bored” and “interfered” with other runners. The race was awarded to Aboyeur, with Louvois second and Great Sport third.


1913 Epsom Derby, Emily Davison
Davison positioned herself at Tattenham Corner, the bend before the home straight. At this point in the race, with some of the horses having passed her, she ducked under the guard rail and ran onto the course.


1913 Epsom Derby, Emily Davison
She reached up to the reins of Anmer—King George V's horse, ridden by Herbert Jones—and was hit by the animal, which would have been travelling at around 35 miles (56 km) per hour, four seconds after stepping onto the course. Anmer fell in the collision and partly rolled over his jockey, who had his foot momentarily caught in the stirrup. Davison was knocked to the ground; some reports say she was kicked in the head by Anmer, but the surgeon who operated on Davison stated that "I could find no trace of her having been kicked by a horse". The event was captured on three news cameras.


1913 Epsom Derby, Emily Davison
Davison's purpose in attending the Derby and walking onto the course is unclear. She did not discuss her plans with anyone or leave a note. Several theories have been suggested, including that she intended to cross the track, believing that all horses had passed; that she wanted to pull down the King's horse; that she was trying to attach one of the WSPU flags to a horse; or that she intended to throw herself in front of one of the horses.


1913 Epsom Derby, Emily Davison
The WSPU were quick to describe her as a martyr, part of a campaign to identify her as such. The Suffragette newspaper marked Davison's death by issuing a copy showing a female angel with raised arms standing in front of the guard rail of a racecourse. The paper's editorial stated that "Davison has proved that there are in the twentieth-century people who are willing to lay down their lives for an ideal".


1913 Epsom Derby, Emily Davison
Biblical phraseology was used in the issue to describe her act, including "Greater love hath no man than this, that he lay down his life for his friends", which Gullickson reports as being repeated several times in subsequent discussions of the events. A year after the Derby, The Suffragette included "The Price of Liberty", an essay by Davison. In it, she had written "To lay down life for friends, that is glorious, selfless, inspiring! But to re-enact the tragedy of Calvary for generations yet unborn, that is the last consummate sacrifice of the Militant".


1913 European Bandy Championships
1913 European Bandy Championships was the first, and so far the only, European Championship tournament in bandy. The competition was held in February 1913 in Saint-Moritz, Switzerland.


1913 European Bandy Championships, Background
Modern bandy originated in England and the first rules were published in 1882. It soon became a popular sport in several Central and Northern European countries as well as in Russia. From 1901 bandy was played in the Scandinavian Nordic Games, which was the first international multi-sport event focused on winter sports. The rules differed between countries. Most popular was the 7 vs 7 game but Sweden, Finland and Russia preferred the 11 vs 11 rules. In some countries, like Latvia, bandy was played 9 vs 9.


1913 European Bandy Championships, Background
The 1913 European Championships were arranged by the International Ice Hockey Federation established in 1908. Matches were played with 7-men teams. The number of participating teams was five. Since Sweden and Russia followed the rules of 11-men teams, they rejected the invitation and competed in the 1913 Nordic Games in Stockholm. The German team consisted mostly of the members of Leipziger-HK, which was supposed to play in Stockholm as well. but as many of its players were selected for the German national team, they decided to travel to Saint-Moritz.


1913 European Bandy Championships, Aftermath
The 1913 tournament was the peak for bandy in all of the participating nations, as the outburst of World War I put an end to the international competitions. After the war was over, International Olympic Committee included ice hockey to the 1920 Summer Olympics instead of bandy. This was because bandy was totally unknown in North America and because Antwerp had an ice hockey-sized indoor arena. The IOC decision caused the decline of bandy in Central Europe and Great Britain as the bandy players switched to ice hockey.


1913 European Bandy Championships, Aftermath
After the 1920s, bandy was only played in the Soviet Union, Estonia, Latvia and three of the Nordic countries. In the 1930s, bandy also disappeared from Estonia and Latvia (it made a return there when they no longer were independent countries, but Soviet Republics). It was completely or almost forgotten in England, Italy, France, Switzerland and Belgium, which all took part at the 1913 European Championships. Austria, Hungary, Germany, the Netherlands and Slovakia (in 1913 a part of Austria-Hungary) were countries where bandy survived longer, well into the 1920s.


1913 European Bandy Championships, Revivals
On 6 January 2014, the Federation of International Bandy arranged a four nation tournament in Davos to celebrate the anniversary of the 1913 European Championship. Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary and Netherlands played at the same venue as 101 years ago. The Dutch won this unofficial European Championship.


1913 European Bandy Championships, Revivals
In 2016, a somewhat smaller tournament dubbed the Davos Cup was held with national teams from three European countries. This was won by Estonia.


1913 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1913 European Figure Skating Championships were held on February 1st to 2nd in Kristiania, Norway. Elite figure skaters competed for the title of European Champion in the category of men's singles.


1913 European Rowing Championships
The 1913 European Rowing Championships were rowing championships held on the Ghent–Terneuzen Canal in the Belgian city of Ghent. The competition was for men only and they competed in five boat classes (M1x, M2x, M2+, M4+, M8+). These were the last European Rowing Championships before the annual regatta was interrupted by WWI; the next championships would be held in 1920 in Mâcon.


1913 European Rowing Championships, Background
It was the first time that the German rowing federation sent competitors to the European Rowing Championships and they were immediately successful, winning two out of the five boat classes (M1x and M8+). The single sculls competition descended into a farce, with the umpire twice calling for a restart. The Italian rower Giuseppe Sinigaglia and the Russian rower Anatol Peresselenzeff, who started for France, were then disqualified. In the eventual final Polydore Veirman capsized and the German rower Friedrich Graf was the only one to reach the finish line.


1913 FA Charity Shield
The 1913 FA Charity Shield was the sixth staging of the FA Charity Shield, an annual association football match arranged to raise funds for charitable causes supported by the Football Association (the FA), the governing body of football in England. The match was contested by select teams of amateur and professional players. It was played on 6 October 1913 at The Den, London, and ended as a 7–2 win for the Professionals. England internationals Harry Hampton scored four goals, George Holley two and Harold Fleming one for the Professionals; George Barlow and Herbert Farnfield scored for the Amateurs. The proceeds were donated to the Senghenydd Colliery Disaster Fund.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Pre-match
For the first time, the Football Association decided that the Shield should be contested not by the respective champions of the Football League and Southern League, but by teams of amateur and professional players to be selected by the FA's International Selection Committee. The professional team was the same eleven that represented England in their last Home International match, against Scotland in April, and the amateur selection contained several gold medallists from the 1912 Stockholm Olympics. Bob Crompton of Blackburn Rovers was to captain the Professionals, and Chelsea's Vivian Woodward led the Amateurs.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Pre-match
The Daily Mirror thought it "a sensible idea to give Scotland's conquerors another run together", and for the amateur XI, "the forward line is about as strong as it could be made; but a lot will depend on the defence."


1913 FA Charity Shield, Pre-match
The match was to be played in the afternoon of Monday 5 October 1913 at The Den, the New Cross (south London) ground of Millwall F.C. G.H. Muir of Hampshire was to referee the match, assisted by J.W.L. Windridge (Hertfordshire) and W. Burgess (Surrey County Football Association), and Lord Kinnaird, president of the Football Association, was invited to present the medals.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Pre-match
There were a number of changes from the teams originally selected. Bromley's Ernest Peacock replaced Oxford City's Kenneth Hunt at centre half for the Amateurs, and the right flank of the Professionals lineup had to be reorganised. Fanny Walden came in on the wing in place of the injured Jock Simpson of Blackburn, and Tom Brittleton's "indisposition" gave a chance at right half to Sunderland's Frank Cuggy, who, according to the Daily Express, "has not so far reproduced in representative games the form he shows in inter-club football." An injury to Jesse Pennington, West Bromwich Albion's left back, meant a late call-up for Birmingham's Frank Womack.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Match summary
Woodward came close to a goal five minutes into the game, and his side were on top for the first fifteen minutes, but in the next ten, the Professionals took a three-goal lead. First George Holley beat both amateur wing halves to open the scoring, the second came from Harold Fleming's "splendid left-foot shot", and Harry Hampton converted a corner. The half finished 4–0, after Hampton converted a penalty awarded against Arthur Knight for handball when Fleming's powerful shot struck his arm.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Match summary
Hampton completed his hat-trick after five minutes of the second half, but then the Amateurs took control. Sam Hardy kept out shots from Dick Healey, Ivan Sharpe and Herbert Farnfield before being beaten twice in five minutes. After a "great shot" from Preston North End winger George Barlow, the Amateurs' second was touched in by Farnfield after a move involving four players brought the ball all the way down the field. It was, according to the pseudonymous 'Reflector', writing in the Mirror, "easily the best of the match." Confusion between goalkeeper Ronald Brebner and full-back Thomas Burn presented Hampton with his fourth, and Holley completed the scoring late on.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Match summary
The Mirror highlighted the performance of Walden, who was involved in three of the Professionals' goals and who outplayed the defence on his side of the field, centre-half Joe McCall, and replacement left-back Womack; Peacock at centre half, Dick Healey at inside right, and centre-forward Woodward were the pick of the Amateurs. The Manchester Guardian thought the Professional team "an evenly-balanced side, strong in every particular" who "played a fast game without a suggestion of foul methods".


1913 FA Charity Shield, Match summary
Its reporter agreed that the Amateur wing halves were weak, which combined with the absence of Hunt put undue pressure on backs and goalkeeper, although the conclusion that it was "rather remarkable that the scoring did not reach double figures", was in clear contrast to the Mirror's opinion that the five-goal difference flattered the winners.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Match summary
Lord Kinnaird was away in Scotland, so the FA chairman, J. C. Clegg, presented the shield and medals.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Post-match
The Mirror estimated the attendance at "quite 15,000 people", and receipts totalled £391. The Millwall club made no claim for expenses involved in staging the match, and the entire proceeds were donated to the fund set up to support those affected by the Senghenydd Colliery Disaster, an explosion in a South Wales coal mine in which 440 people were killed, which had happened eight days after the Charity Shield match.


1913 FA Charity Shield, Post-match
The Amateurs contributed the majority of those selected for the England amateur XI's next international matches, against Ireland and Netherlands.


1913 FA Cup Final
The 1913 FA Cup Final was contested by Aston Villa and Sunderland on 19 April 1913 at London's Crystal Palace. Playing as the home side, Aston Villa won 1–0 on a goal by Tommy Barber on a crossed ball from Charlie Wallace. Wallace had earlier missed a penalty, something that would not occur again in an FA Cup final until the 1988 final between Wimbledon and Liverpool.


1913 FA Cup Final
It was Sunderland's first appearance in the FA Cup Final and the first time The Football League's top two finishers had vied for the trophy (even though the League would not be decided for another week). On their way to the match Sunderland had to replay their quarter-final twice and then their semi-final once after draws in those contests. Aston Villa was re-appearing in the final after an eight-year absence and their victory was their fifth, equalling the then-current record of the Wanderers and Blackburn Rovers.


1913 FA Cup Final
During the match Sunderland's Charlie Thomson and Villa's Harry Hampton almost immediately resumed a long-running feud that led to both players being suspended for a month at the start of the following season. The contest was noted for its rough play and led to the withdrawal of Sunderland's invitation to take part in the 1913 Charity Shield match. Referee Mr. A. Adams from Nottingham was also suspended, having allowed no less than 17 minutes for stoppage time.


1913 FEF Copa del Rey Final
The 1913 Copa del Rey Final (FEF) was the 13th final of the Spanish cup competition, the Copa del Rey. The final was played at Estadio O'Donnell in Madrid on 22 March 1913. The match ended 2–2, after extra time. The replay was played the next day.


1913 Far Eastern Championship Games
The 1st Far Eastern Championship Games were held in 1-9 February 1913 in Manila, Philippines. The inaugural tournament was officially opened by Governor General William Cameron Forbes at the Carnival Grounds in Malate, Manila. Six countries participated at the tournament.


1913 Finnish championships in aquatics
From 1906 to 1926, the Finnish Swimming Federation did not arrange a dedicated national competition, but spread out the hosting duties of the championship events to multiple clubs.


1913 Finnish championships in aquatics, Swimming, Men, 400 metre breaststroke
Arvo Aaltonen's time broke the Finnish record, but could not be ratified because it was swum in a river.


1913 Finnish championships in aquatics, Swimming, Men, 100 metre life saving
Seuderling's time broke the Finnish record, but could not be ratified because it was swum in a river.


1913 Finnish parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 2 August 1913. In 1914, the Russian government decided to suspend the Finnish Parliament for the duration of World War I.


1913 Finnish parliamentary election, Campaign
Finnish voters' growing frustration with Parliament's performance was reflected by the low voter turnout; the Social Democrats and Agrarians, championing the cause of poor workers and farmers, kept gaining votes at the expense of the Old Finns, whose main concern was the passive defence of Finland's self-government. They disagreed on the social and economic policies, and thus did not formulate very clear positions on them.


1913 Fitzgibbon Cup
The 1913 Fitzgibbon Cup was the second staging of the Fitzgibbon Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912. University College Galway hosted the cup from 11 April to 13 April 1913.


1913 Fitzgibbon Cup
On 13 April 1913, University College Cork won the Fitzgibbon Cup after topping the group with four points after recording two wins. University College Dublin were runners-up.


1913 Five Nations Championship
The 1913 Five Nations Championship was the fourth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship following the inclusion of France into the Home Nations Championship. Including the previous Home Nations Championships, this was the thirty-first series of the annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 1 January and 24 March. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.


1913 Five Nations Championship
England won the Grand Slam for the first time, and the Triple Crown for the fourth time. They conceded only one score during the tournament, a dropped goal scored by Ireland, and as of 2020 this remains a record for a Grand Slam-winning team.


1913 Flint Boroughs by-election
The Flint Boroughs by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1913 Flint Boroughs by-election, Vacancy
James Summers who had been Liberal MP for Flint Boroughs since January 1910, died on 1 January 1913.


1913 Flint Boroughs by-election, Candidates
The Liberals selected Thomas Parry to defend the seat. The constituency included Parry’s home town of Mold where he was a prominent lawyer.


1913 Flint Boroughs by-election, Campaign
The Liberals had held the seat since gaining it from the Conservatives in 1847.


1913 Flint Boroughs by-election, Aftermath
A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the summer of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.


1913 Flint Boroughs by-election, Aftermath
The constituency disappeared in boundary changes in 1918 so Parry transferred to the county seat of Flintshire. Parry received the coalition government coupon at the 1918 general election  and was returned unopposed


1913 Florida Gators football team
The 1913 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1913 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The season was George Pyle's fifth and last as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team. Pyle's 1913 Florida Gators completed their eighth varsity football season with an overall record of 4–3 and their fourth year in the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) with a conference record of 2–2.


1913 Florida Gators football team
The 144–0 defeat of Florida Southern is the largest in school history.


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Florida Southern
The  highlight of the Gators' 1913 campaign was an incredible 144–0 victory over the Florida Southern Moccasins. Back Harvey Hester played under an assumed name and scored 7 touchdowns. Former Gator William A. Shands refereed the contest. Louis Tenney scored five touchdowns; Swanson three, Moseley, J. B. Sutton, James Miller, Puss Hancock, Sam  Buie, and Rex Farrior had one each. It was freshman Farrior's first game at Florida.


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Auburn
The defeat of Florida Southern was followed five days later by a 0–55 loss to an Auburn Tigers team that would finish its season undefeated and untied. Auburn scored five touchdowns in the first half. Captain Kirk Newell retired in the third period due to the heat.


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Auburn
The starting lineup was Henderson (left end), Coarsey (left tackle), Sutton (left guard), Price (center), Bullock (right guard), Ward (right tackle), Buie (right end), Swanson (quarterback), Lawler (left halfback), Hester (right halfback), Tenney (fullback).


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Maryville
In the third week of play, Florida overwhelmed the Maryville Scots  39–0 using several forward passes. Price made two field goals, including one of 40 yards.


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Georgia Tech
Coach John Heisman's Georgia Tech team defeated Florida 3–13. Heisman said the Gators played the best football he'd seen a Florida squad play. Florida scored first with a 30-yard placekick field goal from Price. In the third quarter, a 25-yard pass from Homer Cook to Cushman netted a touchdown for the Yellow Jackets. Cook scored again in the final period.


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Georgia Tech
The starting lineup was Buie (left end), Coarsey (left tackle), Sutton (left guard), Price (center), Lotspeich (right guard), Hancock (right tackle), Henderson (right end), Mosley (quarterback), Tenney (left halfback), Hester (right halfback), Swanson (fullback).


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, South Carolina
The South Carolina Gamecocks beat Florida 13–0 in a steady rain. The Gamecocks resorted to using trick plays.


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, The Citadel
The Gators defeated The Citadel 18–13 in a close game. Buie and Hester scored in the first period. Citadel came back in the second quarter with a long pass from Weeks to Bolton. In the third quarter, Buie blocked a Citadel kick, leading to another touchdown. Another pass got Citadel's final touchdown.


1913 Florida Gators football team, Season summary, Mercer
The Gators also defeated the Mercer Baptists, 24–0, for their first win in six games against the Baptists. Captain Tenney was the feature of the contest.


1913 Florida Gators football team, Postseason
George Pyle finished his five-year tenure as the coach of the Florida Gators with an overall record of 26–7–3. After leaving Florida, Pyle became the athletic director of the West Virginia Mountaineers. John Sutton was elected captain for next season.


1913 Florida Southern Moccasins football team
The 1913 Florida Southern Moccasins football team represented Florida Southern College during the 1913 college football season. The team lost to Florida 144–0.


1913 Fordham Maroon football team
The 1913 Fordham Maroon football team was an American football team that represented Fordham University as an independent during the 1913 college football season. In its second and final year under head coach Tom Thorp, Fordham claims an 18–9–2 record. College Football Data Warehouse (CFDW) lists the team's record at 3–3–2.


1913 Fordham Maroon football team, Schedule
The following eight games are reported in Fordham's media guide, CFDW, and contemporaneous press coverage.


1913 Fordham Maroon football team, Schedule
The following are additional games reported in the Fordham media guide.


1913 Franklin & Marshall football team
The 1913 Franklin & Marshall football team was an American football team that represented Franklin & Marshall College during the 1913 college football season. The team compiled a 6–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 208 to 54.


1913 Franklin & Marshall football team
Charles Mayser, a successful preparatory coach, was hired as the school's head coach in 1913. Upon arriving, he promised: "I am going to put the F. and M. on the athletic map in letters big and bold."


1913 French Grand Prix
The 1913 French Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race held at Amiens on 12 July 1913.


1913 French Grand Prix, The race
The restriction on Grand Prix cars for 1913 included  an 800 kg (1,764 lb) minimum weight and an 1,100 kg (2,425 lb) maximum weight, as well as a 14 mpg‑imp (20 L/100 km; 12 mpg‑US) fuel consumption limit. The buildup to the race and the race itself were marred by three fatal crashes. Bigio was killed testing his Itala before the race. In a separate incident before the race, Paul Zuccarelli was killed when his Peugeot crashed into a cart, and a spectator was killed when Kenelm Lee Guinness's Sunbeam crashed into a river.


1913 French Grand Prix, The race
This made Amiens's fatality tally rise to 5 in the span of less than two months- 2 other people had been killed while testing on the roads being used for the circuit in May. After this race, this circuit- which included an 8-mile (13 km) long straight (which is now known as the D934)- was never used again for motor racing.


1913 French Grand Prix, The race
Georges Boillot won for the second year in succession, at an average speed of 72.141 mph (116.096 km/h). The fastest lap was set by Paul Bablot, at an average speed of 76.718 mph (123.462 km/h).


1913 Furman Purple Hurricane football team
The 1913 Furman Purple Hurricane football team represented the Furman Purple Hurricane of Furman University during the 1913 college football season.


1913 Geneva Covenanters football team
The 1913 Geneva Covenanters football team was an American football team that represented Geneva College as an independent during the 1913 college football season. Led by first-year head coach C. Brainerd Metheny, the team compiled a record of 4–4.


1913 Georgetown Blue and Gray football team
The 1913 Georgetown Blue and Gray football team represented Georgetown University during the 1913 college football season.


1913 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1913 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the Georgia Bulldogs of the University of Georgia during the 1913 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The Bulldogs completed the season with a 6–2 record. This team played Virginia for the first time since the tragic game of 1897 in which a Richard Von Albade Gammon died. Georgia also played its first game in Georgia Tech's new stadium (Grant Field), coming away with a victory. The 108–0 victory over Alabama Presbyterian in the first game of the season represents the largest margin of victory in Georgia football history.


1913 Georgia Bulldogs football team
Senior captain Bob McWhorter became the first player to be selected as an All-American for the Bulldogs after the 1913 season.


1913 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1913 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1913 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. This was the first season the team played at Grant Field.


1913 German Ice Hockey Championship
The 1913 German Ice Hockey Championship was the second season of the German Ice Hockey Championship, the national championship of Germany. Berliner Schlittschuhclub won the championship by defeating MTV Munchen 1879 in the final.


1913 German football championship
The 1913 German football championship, the 11th edition of the competition, was won by VfB Leipzig, defeating Duisburger SV 3–1 in the final.


1913 German football championship
VfB Leipzig won its third national championship, having previously taken out the title in 1903 and 1906 as well as making a losing appearance in the 1911 final. Leipzig became the first club to win three German championships and would make another appearance in the final in 1914, the last in the club's history. For Duisburger SV it was the sole appearance in the championship final.


1913 German football championship
Leipzig's Paul Pömpner was the top scorer of the 1913 championship, with five goals.


1913 German football championship
Nominally eight clubs qualified for the competition played in knock-out format, the champions of each of the seven regional football championships as well as the defending German champions. The Northern German championship however was determined after the German championship had started and its winner, Eintracht Braunschweig, was unable to participate.


1913 Gettysburg reunion
The 1913 Gettysburg reunion was a Gettysburg Battlefield encampment of American Civil War veterans for the Battle of Gettysburg's 50th anniversary. The June 29–July 4 gathering of 53,407 veterans (~8,750 Confederate) was the largest ever Civil War veteran reunion, and "never before in the world's history [had] so great a number of men so advanced in years been assembled under field conditions" (Chief Surgeon). All honorably discharged veterans in the Grand Army of the Republic and the United Confederate Veterans were invited, and veterans from 46 of the 48 states attended (cf. Nevada and Wyoming).


1913 Gettysburg reunion
Despite official concerns "that there might be unpleasant differences, at least, between the blue and gray" (as after England's War of the Roses and the French Revolution), the peaceful reunion was repeatedly marked by events of Union–Confederate camaraderie. President Woodrow Wilson's July 4 reunion address summarized the spirit: "We have found one another again as brothers and comrades in arms, enemies no longer, generous friends rather, our battles long past, the quarrel forgotten—except that we shall not forget the splendid valor."


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Planning
After numerous smaller Gettysburg reunions, including the 1906 Philadelphia Brigade/Pickett's Division reunion, during which Brig. Gen. Lewis Armistead's captured sword was returned to the South, in April 1908 General Henry S. Huidekoper of Philadelphia suggested a 1913 50th anniversary reunion to Pennsylvania Governor Edwin Sydney Stuart. On September 8, the Gettysburg National Park Commission met with Gettysburg borough officials about the event, Stuart conducted a sub-committee meeting on October 25, and Stuart addressed the General Assembly on the matter in January 1909.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Planning
On May 13, 1909, the Pennsylvania Assembly created the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg Commission, and the commission's "first tentative programme" of October 13, 1910 included a "Peace Jubilee", with noon July 3 placement of the cornerstone for a  "Great Peace Memorial". The August 26, 1912, US Congress bill appropriated $150K and directed the War Department to establish the camp. Because the memorial funding was not approved, the "Peace Jubilee" plans were removed from the schedule.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Planning
The site for the camp and the 8 acres (3.2 ha) for the Great Tent west of the Codori House were selected in 1912 and mapped by the Gettysburg National Park Commission. The Park Commission also completed painting of avenue fencing, gun carriages, iron tablets, pyramids, and shells from 1912 through June 30, 1913. On April 13, 1913, the Pennsylvania commission completed the Pennsylvania State Memorial and also mailed 40,000 veteran's invitations. On June 28, President Woodrow Wilson notified the Pennsylvania commission he would attend the reunion for a "very limited period". The 33 contributing states provided a total of $1,033,000 for the reunion ($450,000 from Pennsylvania).


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Planning
The Pennsylvania commission headquarters at Gettysburg was at , with the Harrisburg office of the Secretary (later nicknamed the "Duke of Gettysburg") in Pennsylvania State Capitol Room 509. Various commemorative tokens and programs were developed for attendees, including three types of Pennsylvania badges ("PRESS", "GUEST", "SCOUT"), a commemorative medal, and a souvenir program of poems by the attending "Veteran Scout", Jack Crawford. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company added "a telephone line between Gettysburg and Hanover along the Western Maryland Railway, over which the Pennsy [would] operate a large number of trains during the battle anniversary". On the Chambersburg-Gettysburg turnpike and the Gettysburg-Petersburg turnpike, tolls ended in time for the reunion. On June 27, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court upheld the 1911 Sproul Roads Act, by which the Commonwealth acquired private toll roads and made them free for the public.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Planning
By February 1, 1913, water wells were being drilled for the July encampment,  and by June 26 hotels in Hanover, Chambersburg, Hagerstown, and "the Blue Ridge section [were] filling rapidly". For entertainment, a Gettysburg facility was started in 1912 to display the Boston version of the Gettysburg Cyclorama, and The Battle of Gettysburg black & white film of 1913 was first run at Walter's Theatre on June 26 (This film has since been lost).


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Planning
Local planning for the reunion included expanding the Gettysburg hackman's tax to apply to automobiles  (upheld by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court in 1914), a 50 cent maximum for taxi fares in the borough, and an obscure request from a few Missouri veterans regarding the availability near Gettysburg of "a few good widows or old maids … good housekeepers and not too young" to go west after the reunion. (The "kind-hearted mayor", J. A. Holtzworth, agreed to forward photos to the veterans in the "Cupid … operations".)


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Facilities
The War Department's Great Camp (Gettysburg Encampment, Anniversary Camp, Veterans Camp) provided tents and support facilities for the Civil War veterans and extended from both sides of Long Lane on the north  to within 500 yards of the Bliss House. The Great Camp included the Great Tent (Big Tent, 200 x 450 ft) "with its thirteen thousand chairs";  the veterans' tents; quarters for 1,466 War Department soldiers (including camp commander Gen. Liggitt) & 2,179 mess personnel; 385 camp Boy Scouts from Washington; and other camp personnel for a total of 57,198 "persons quartered and subsisted in the Great Camp".


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Facilities
The camp had a temporary U. S. Post Office; 90 Pennsylvania Health Department latrines throughout the camp with a seating capacity of 3,476; and near the Great Tent, an Emergency Station and 2 Comfort Houses of the health dept, which also supplied the Great Tent water fountains. The Pennsylvania commission also set up a temporary morgue in the camp. A special platform on the Round Top Branch was built for veterans to disembark from steamtrains directly into the camp (in February, trolleys of the Gettysburg Electric Railway had been prohibited from using the branch).


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Facilities
After the state health department's Chief Engineer had estimated Gettysburg (pop. 4,500) would be inundated with 100,000 people,  the borough agreed to the Commissioner of Health's request for his department to take over medical and sanitation efforts in the area from June 25-July 25. The department set up a field hospital at the Kurtz property  facing Brickyard Lane on the north foot of East Cemetery Hill, as well as 6 Comfort Stations in the borough (1 at each railroad station), with a total of ~100 hoppers.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Facilities
The department also tested borough wells and mitigated contamination sources upstream of the Water Works supply on Marsh Creek. The American Red Cross Society, along with 72 additional Boy Scouts, operated fourteen 7 ft x 7 ft Relief Stations for first aid and rest on the battlefield park roads. The Tuberculosis Dispensary in Gettysburg was also used as a Relief Station.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Facilities
Attached to the Great Camp were a battery of the Third United States Field Artillery and several companies of Regular Infantry. Companies A-D (14 officers & 285 men) of the Fifteenth United States Cavalry arrived on June 26 to guard the battlefield and camped west of Seminary Ridge on the Hagerstown Rd. A "model Camp" for a Pennsylvania cavalry squadron was on the "College Athletic Field" adjoining the commission's Headquarters.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Facilities
A total of 527 people were quartered at both the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg and the Pennsylvania College (renamed as "Gettysburg College" in 1921), including the Pennsylvania Gettysburg Commission, 4 troops of Pennsylvania State Police, and in tents, Governor Tener's staff. Additional nearby encampments included the leased Newspaper Row ("Meadeboro") for 155 journalists, north of the Gettysburg National Cemetery, an encampment of 30 Boy Scouts near Cashtown west of Gettysburg for traveler services on the Chambersburg-Gettysburg Pike, and Philadelphia and Baltimore Salvation Army members encamped in Stonesifer's Grove at Biglerville, Pennsylvania.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
The Commission planned a four-day series of events, with each day dedicated to a different group:


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
Anticipating that some veterans might arrive early, especially those traveling distances, the Great Camp was opened for supper on June 29. Pennsylvania veterans who had attended the state reunion, which had adjourned on June 28, made up most of the more than 21,000 arrivals that day. Other veterans arriving early included two Confederate vets of Culp's Hill, who had arrived on June 26. Capt McCaskey of the Quartermasters Corps had estimated 6,000 men might arrive on June 29, and for a time struggled with severe shortages of food and supplies. Some veterans left without staying another night.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
In more pre-Camp activities, on June 30 the 1912 base of the Virginia Monument was dedicated; the remainder of the monument was completed later.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
At noon, a 5-minute tribute was held in silence for "Our Heroic Dead": people throughout the area stood at 'Attention',e.g., at the "College Hotel" and "Seminary Hotel". The Tribute began with a bugle salute blown over the camp while the Gettysburg bells in the distance tolled noon. The remaining minutes of silence were punctuated by periodic artillery firing from the distance. From 5 a.m. to 11 p.m., 7,147 automobiles (at least one from each state) used the national park roads as visitors departed.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
Some 12,000 veterans had already left on July 2 and about the same number on July 3. An unusual event took place on the evening of July 2 at the Hotel Gettysburg. W. B. Henry, a Southerner living in Philadelphia, erupted in violence after saying a "vile epithet" for President Lincoln and causing an argument at his table. A Union man threw his drink at Henry, who stabbed and slashed men at the table and on his way out to the street before being apprehended. Henry claimed that his father had been a Confederate general, but this was not verified.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
The Virginia governor spoke to officials on behalf of Henry. His father, who had been a major in the C.S.A., posted bail for his son. The victims, all but one of whom was taken to a hospital, were all expected to recover, and most were released from the hospital the next day.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
Dismantling of the Great Camp began immediately after the July 4 Tribute. The hospital closed on July 5, and the last veteran left on July 8. The annual military instructional camp (250 college students) used a few tents of the veterans camp while encamped at the "Meadeboro" camp (Newspaper Row) from July 7-August 15. The Quartermaster headquarters on Baltimore St closed on August 13, and by August 15 the entire Grand Camp had been removed except "four great water storage reservoirs". A movie, United at Gettysburg, called a "romance", documented the reunion and was shown in some local theaters. Lt Col Lewis E. Beitler, Secretary of the Commission, completed the compilation of the organizations' reports on the December 31, 1913.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
To commemorate the 1913 Gettysburg reunion, a colonial portico was opened in May 1914 at the Seminary's Old Dorm. (Only the concrete base remains.) In 1938 the Eternal Light Peace Memorial was erected on Oak Ridge, north of Gettysburg.


1913 Gettysburg reunion, Events
The Congressional committee used the name Celebration of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg, but other organizations and officials used numerous other names: ·  Celebration of the Semi-Centenary of the Civil War ·  Gettysburg Celebration  ·  Reunion Celebration at Gettysburg ·  Gettysburg Reunion  ·  Gettysburg Peace Reunion ·  Great Peace Reunion  ·  Great Peace Jubilee  ·  Golden Jubilee ·  Great Reunion  ·  Grand Reunion  ·  Blue and Gray Reunionand in a souvenir program of poems: Grand Reunion of the Blue and the Gray on the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg


1913 Giro d'Italia
The 1913 Giro d'Italia was the 5th edition of the Giro d'Italia, a cycling race organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 6 May in Milan with a stage that stretched 341 km (212 mi) to Genoa, finishing back in Milan on 22 May after a 321.1 km (200 mi) stage and a total distance covered of 2,932 km (1,822 mi). The race was won by the Italian rider Carlo Oriani of the Maino team. Second and third respectively were the Italian riders Eberardo Pavesi and Giuseppe Azzini.


1913 Giro d'Italia
It was the last Giro with a final classification in points and the first one in which the final winner of the race did not win a single stage. The Giro saw the debut of the twenty-year-old Costante Girardengo, who won the 6th stage. The 1913 Giro was the last concluded by Luigi Ganna, winner of the first edition.


1913 Giro d'Italia, Changes from the 1912 Giro d'Italia
Outside the yearly changes in the route, race length, and number of stages, the biggest change to the how the general classification was to be calculated. The race organizers decided to change back to the way the general classification had been calculated in the earlier editions, by the individual and the awarding of points based on how high the rider placed in each stage rather than doing a team points based system like the previous edition.


1913 Giro d'Italia, Participants
Of the 99 riders that began the Giro d'Italia on 6 May, 35 of them made it to the finish in Milan on 22 May. Riders were allowed to ride on their own or as a member of a team. There were eight teams that competed in the race: Ganna-Dunlop, Gerbi-Dunlop, Globo-Dunlop, Legnano-Dunlop, Maino-Pirelli, Otav-Pirelli, Peugeot Italy-Tedeschi, and Stucchi-Dunlop.


1913 Giro d'Italia, Participants
The peloton was composed completely of Italians. The field featured three former Giro d'Italia champions in the 1909 winner Luigi Ganna, three-time winner and returning champion Carlo Galetti, and returning champion Eberardo Pavesi. Other notable Italian riders that started the race included Giovanni Rossignoli, Alfredo Sivocci, Carlo Oriani, and Giuseppe Azzini.


1913 Giro d'Italia, Final standings, General classification
There were 35 cyclists who had completed all nine stages. For these cyclists, the points they received from each of their stage placing's were added up for the general classification. The cyclist with the least accumulated points was the winner.


1913 Giro d'Italia, Final standings, Isolati rider classification
There was a classification for only the isolati riders that was called the "Premio Momo," it was calculated in the same manner as the general classification.


1913 Giro d'Italia, Final standings, Team classification
To be eligible for the team classification, known in Italian as the Premio dell'Industria, the team must have three riders complete the course.> For each team that had at least the necessary three riders complete the race, the three riders with the lowest point totals from the team would be added together to give each team its score. The team with the lowest total of points was the winner of the classification.


1913 Giro d'Italia, Aftermath
Upon winning the race, Carlo Oriani enlisted in the Corps of the Bersaglieri, the Italian infantry, and got commissioned into World War I. Oriani died in a military hospital in Casserta.


1913 Giro di Lombardia
The 1913 Giro di Lombardia was the ninth edition of the Giro di Lombardia cycle race and was held on 2 November 1913. The race started and finished in Milan. The race was won by Henri Pélissier.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election
The 1913 Glamorgan County Council election was the ninth contest for seats on this local authority in south Wales. It was preceded by the 1910 election and followed, due to the First World War, by the 1919 election.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Overview of the Result
As in most parts of Wales, the Liberal Party was once again triumphant and won a majority of the seats. The Conservatives made some impact, as did the Labour Party, although in case of the latter there was no sign of a breakthrough.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Contested Elections
49 of the 66 councilors were returned unopposed. Only a small number of those seats that were contested changed hands. In many areas, contests between Liberal and Labour candidates were avoided and the Progressive label widely adopted. The Conservatives gained two seats at Llandeilo Talybont and Llansamlet while Labour lost at both Cwmavon and Ystalyfera. This was counterbalanced by a Labour victory at Pontardawe.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Contested Elections, Aberdare and Mountain Ash
All eight members were returned unopposed in the Aberdare Valley and no Labour candidates entered the fray.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Contested Elections, Bridgend and Maesteg districts
There were a number of contested elections in this area.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Contested Elections, Swansea, Pontardawe and Port Talbot districts
In these areas the Conservatives again performed well, mainly at the expense of the Liberals.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Bridgend
Randall was again returned unopposed, with the Liberals deciding not to oppose him.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Hengoed
In this new ward, long-serving alderman David Prosser was defeated.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Llwynypia and Clydach
James Evans, grocer, elected following Richard Lewis's election as alderman in 1901, was returned unopposed.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Maesteg, East and West
This was a repeat of the contest three years previously with the same result.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Margam
Having run as an Independent in 1910, narrowly defeating the Labour candidate, the sitting member was returned as a Conservative.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Newcastle
T.J. Hughes, vice-chairman of the county council was returned unopposed.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Ogmore
The ward was renamed Porthcawl. In a close contest a prominent Liberal defeated the former Conservative councillor.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Pentre
E.T. Davies, auctioneer, had been elected at a by-election following Elias Henry Davies's appointment as alderman in 1902. He was now returned unopposed.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Treherbert
Enoch Davies, returned in 1901 following William Morgan's re-election as alderman, was elected unopposed.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Trealaw and Tonypandy
D.W. Davies, the member since 1898, was returned unopposed for the second successive election.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Tylorstown and Ynyshir
Sitting councillor Dr T.H. Morris stood down to allow Alderman W.H. Mathias to be returned unopposed.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Ystrad
Clifford Cory, the member since 1892, was once again returned unopposed.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Election of Aldermen
In addition to the 66 councillors the council consisted of 22 county aldermen. Boundary changes following the secession of Merthyr kept the number of councillors at 66 through the creation of additional wards. The number of aldermen therefore remained unchanged. Aldermen were elected by the council, and served a six-year term. Following the 1910 election, there were twelve Aldermanic vacancies rather than eleven owing to the resignation of John Davies, an alderman elected for a Merthyr ward.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Election of Aldermen
The following aldermen were appointed by the newly elected council.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, Election of Aldermen
elected for six yearsThomas, W. M. DavidG. h- Fleming, Rhys 11 airies, Dd. Hughes G. J. Hughes, W. Jones, J. Jordan, Rhys Llew- ellyn, W. Llewellyn, W. H. Matthews, W. M. Williams, and Rev. D. H. Williams.


1913 Glamorgan County Council election, By-Elections
The following by-elections were held following the election of aldermen.


1913 Goodall Cup Finals
The 1913 Goodall Cup Final marks the fifth inter-state ice hockey championship in Australia and the last championship played before the series was suspended due to World War I.


1913 Goodall Cup Finals, The series
13 August 1913 Saw the return of the inter-state series to the Melbourne Glaciarium. Victoria and New South Wales were deadlocked at 2-2 by the end of the first half, with Jim Kendall scoring both goals for New South Wales. In the second half they out played New South Wales and scored 4 more goals to win the first game of the series by a score of 6-2.


1913 Goodall Cup Finals, The series
15 August 1913 The first half of the game K. Walker opened the scoring for Victoria with a long shot from the right wing. After a lot of give and take action, Leslie Reid raced down the wing to score the second goal for Victoria giving them a 2 - 0 lead. Jim Kendall would loft a shot from the middle of the rink right past the Victorian goaltender to give New South Wales their first goal. By the end of the first half Victoria was up by a score of 2-1 over New South Wales.


1913 Goodall Cup Finals, The series
At the beginning of the second half, Jim Kendall was closely watched by the Victorian team so that he would not get space on the ice. Leslie Reid would get hold of a puck in a tight corner and score the 3rd goal for Victoria. Keith Walker would find a loose puck in front of a large battle in front of the goal and snapped the 4th goal in for Victoria. The fifth goal game from Walker passing the puck to R. McGillicuddy from behind. Victoria would win the game by a score of 5-1 and secure the Goodall Cup. The Victorians would gain the honor of holding the cup until the next season it was to be contested again.


1913 Goodall Cup Finals, The series
18 August 1913 New South Wales defeat Victoria by a score of 7-4. Victoria lead by 1 goal at the end of the first half but New South Wales would run away with the score in the second half. Due to an ankle injury from the second game of the series, Leslie Reid did not play in this game and W. Macrow was substituted in his place.


1913 Goodall Cup Finals, Teams, New South Wales
The New South Wales team was made from the following players


1913 Goodall Cup Finals, Player statistics, Leading goaltenders
The following goaltenders led the interstate championship for goals against average.


1913 Grand National
The 1913 Grand National was the 75th renewal of the world-famous Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England, in 1913.


1913 Grand National
Owner Sir Charles Assheton-Smith also provided the winner in 1912, and had done so many years earlier,in 1893, when he was simply known as Charles Duff.


1913 Grand Prix season
The 1913 Grand Prix season consisted of Grand Prix races in Europe and the United States. Once again, the Peugeot works cars were the team to beat, continuing their success. This year the French Grand Prix was held in Amiens. The ACF introduced a fuel-economy formula for the race to discourage bigger-engined cars. Peugeot drivers Georges Boillot and Jules Goux claimed a 1-2 victory for the company after Zuccarelli had been killed in practice.


1913 Grand Prix season
In the United States, the growing expense of hosting the Vanderbilt Cup and American Grand Prize meant they were not held this year. So it was that the Indianapolis 500 became the premier American event this year. The Europeans crossed the Atlantic for the race and Goux had a comfortable 13-minute margin of victory for Peugeot ahead of Spencer Wishart’s new Mercer.


1913 Grand Prix season
Peugeot did not contest the Coupe de la Sarthe at Le Mans where Paul Bablot and Albert Guyot, in the new Delage Type Y, had a 1-2 victory themselves. However, with the new 3-litre EX-5 variant, Peugeot won the last major race of the year with Boillot and Goux finishing 1-2 at the Coupe des Voiturettes.


1913 Grand Prix season
By winning five of the fourteen races in the series, Earl Cooper in the new Stutz, was acclaimed as the AAA national champion for the year.


1913 Grand Prix season, Technical
The innovative Peugeot L-76 had appeared the previous year. Powered by a four-cylinder 7.6L engine with a twin-overhead camshaft, with four valves per cylinder developing 148 bhp. In March Jules Goux took one to Brooklands where he raised the record for the flying half-mile to 109.99 mph (177.01 km/h).


1913 Grand Prix season, Technical
The Peugeot engine was the first to use Dry-sump lubrication that would become standard as racing cars needed engines lowered to drop their centre of gravity. With the variety of racing regulations, Peugeot set about developing modified versions of the 7.6-litre engine. Cylinder inserts made it a 7.3-litre engine, while a 5.7-litre was made for the Grand Prix EX-3 model and a 3.0-litre voiturette version for the new EX-5. The team also introduced wheels secured by winged wheel-nuts that allowed them to be hammered off far quicker in pit-stops than the old-style “artillery-wheels” of other teams.


1913 Grand Prix season, Season review
For the second year the Targa Florio was not held on the Madonie circuit, but as the Giro di Sicilia – going clockwise on the coastal roads around Sicily. This year, the cars would stop at Agrigento and be locked up overnight before resuming the race back to Palermo. A big field of 33 cars was at the Palazzo Villarosa for the start.