1912 Australia rugby union tour of Canada and the U.S., Match summary
Complete list of matches played by the Wallabies in the Canada and the United States:


1912 Baylor football team
The 1912 Baylor football team was an American football team that represented Baylor University as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In its third season under head coach Ralph Glaze, the team compiled a 3–5 record and was outscored by a total of 123 to 79.


1912 Belgian general election
Full general elections were held in Belgium on 2 June 1912.


1912 Belgian general election, Background
Catholics had formed the government continuously since 1884. Minister Schollaert had drafted a controversial education law and was forced to resign in June 1911. He was succeeded by a government led by Charles de Broqueville. The education law intended to financially equalise public and private education, which was opposed by liberals and socialists as it benefited private (Catholic) schools. Both opposition parties, united against Catholics, were expected to win the elections. King Albert I intended to switch to a progressive government headed by liberal Paul Hymans. However, the elections unexpectedly increased the majority of the Catholic Party, which won 101 of the 186 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 54 of the 93 seats in the Senate. Consequently, the incumbent Catholic government headed by Charles de Broqueville continued after the elections.


1912 Belgian general election, Electoral system
These elections were the first full general elections since 27 May 1900, when a proportional system using the D'Hondt method was introduced. Since 1893, there was universal suffrage with plural voting. Hence there were more votes than the 1,745,666 who could vote in these Chamber elections (out of a population of 7,571,387 in the country).


1912 Belgian general election, Electoral system
Following the population census, the number of seats in the Chamber of Representatives increased from 166 to 186. The number of directly elected seats in the Senate (half the number of Chamber seats) consequently increased from 83 to 93; the number of provincial senators remained at 27.


1912 Belgian general election, Constituencies
The distribution of seats among the electoral districts was as follows. Several arrondissements got one or more additional seats, following the population census. With Neufchâteau-Virton receiving an extra seat, every electoral district now had at minimum three seats in the Chamber.


1912 Biddle football team
The 1912 Biddle football team represented Biddle University—now known as Johnson C. Smith University—in the 1912 college football season as an independent. In their first season since 1892, Biddle played one game, losing 2–13 against Livingstone College.


1912 Birthday Honours
The 1912 Birthday Honours were appointments in the British Empire of King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The King, and were published on 11 June 1912.


1912 Birthday Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1912 Bolivian legislative election
Bolivia held a parliamentary elections in May 1912, electing a new National Congress (for half the seats of the Deputies and 1/3 the seats of the Senators).


1912 Bolton by-election
The Bolton by-election, 1912 was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Bolton in Lancashire on 23 November 1912. Bolton returned two Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Bolton by-election, Vacancy
George Harwood had been Liberal MP for the seat of Bolton since the 1895 general election. In 1912, the seat became vacant when he died on 7 November 1912 at the age of 67.


1912 Bolton by-election, Electoral history
At the previous general election in December 1910, the two members elected were George Harwood for the Liberals and A. H. Gill for the Labour Party. There had been an arrangement between the Labour and Liberal parties in this seat since the time of the 1906 election when Gill was first returned.


1912 Bolton by-election, Campaign
Polling Day was set for 23 November, just 16 days after the death of Harwood. The Bolton Trades Council gave support to the Liberal Taylor's candidacy, with a manifesto issued warning of a "Tory conspiracy to smash the trade unions". The Welsh Church Bill featured in the campaign with Brooks pledging himself to oppose it, hoping this might gain him some Church of England support. The dominant issue of the campaign was the Unionist policy of Tariff Reform which had never been popular among those involved in the Lancashire cotton industry. This helped the Liberal Taylor, who was an advocate of Free Trade and against the Unionist Brooks, who supported protectionism.


1912 Bolton by-election, Result
There was an unexpectedly heavy turnout of about 90%. The result of the poll was declared shortly after ten o'clock.


1912 Bolton by-election, Result
Despite the slight decrease in Liberal vote and majority, the local Liberals seemed genuinely pleased at retaining a four figure majority. Taylor put his victory down to "the unalterable determination of the working people of Lancashire to have nothing to do with Tariff Reform", which he predicted would raise the price of food and "bring starvation again into [working class] homes".


1912 Bolton by-election, Result
After the poll, The Times tried to undermine the Liberal victory and explain away the Unionist defeat by stating; “It is probable that this (Trades Council) manifesto had the effect of turning the full tide of the labour vote in favour of the Liberal candidate. And the labour vote decided the election.” Even the defeated Brooks agreed that the labour vote went solidly to the Liberals because of their “distorted” version of Tariff Reform.


1912 Bolton by-election, Aftermath
Two months later the Unionist decided to drop their tariff reform policies. Taylor sat as MP until resigning shortly before his death in 1916. The Liberals won the 1916 Bolton by-election. Brooks did not stand for parliament again.


1912 Boston Braves season
The 1912 Boston Braves season was the 42nd season of the franchise. Team owner William Hepburn Russell died after the 1911 season and his stock was bought up by a group including Tammany Hall alderman James Gaffney and former baseball manager John Montgomery Ward. The team was renamed the Boston Braves after the Sachems, also known as "Braves", of Tammany Hall.


1912 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Boston Braves season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Boston College football team
The 1912 Boston College football team was an American football team that represented Boston College during the 1912 college football season.


1912 Boston Red Sox season
The 1912 Boston Red Sox season was the 12th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. This was the first year that the team played its home games at Fenway Park. The Red Sox finished first in the American League (AL) with a record of 105 wins and 47 losses. The team set the franchise record for highest winning percentage (.691) in a season, which still stands; tied the franchise record for fewest losses in a season, originally set by the 1903 team; and set a franchise record for most wins, which was not surpassed until the 2018 club.


1912 Boston Red Sox season
The team then faced the National League (NL) champion New York Giants in the 1912 World Series, which the Red Sox won in eight games to capture the franchise's second World Series. One of the deciding plays in the World Series was a muffed fly ball by Giants outfielder Fred Snodgrass, which became known as the "$30,000 muff" in reference to the prize money for the winning team.


1912 Boston Red Sox season
Behind center fielder Tris Speaker and pitcher Smoky Joe Wood, the Red Sox led the league in runs scored and fewest runs allowed. Speaker was third in batting and was voted league Most Valuable Player. Wood won 34 games, including a record 16 in a row. Although the pitching staff was satisfactory, the only star pitcher was Wood, while the only star in the starting lineup was Speaker. Little-known third baseman Larry Gardner was the next best hitter, while future Hall of Famer Harry Hooper had a poor offensive season.


1912 Boston Red Sox season, Offseason
The Red Sox made several transactions during the 1912 offseason. In February 1912, Rip Williams was sold to the New York Highlanders, although the exact date of the transaction is currently unknown. The Red Sox sold two players to the Chicago White Sox during the offseason: Jack Fournier on February 6 and Eddie Cicotte on July 9. Later in the year, on November 25, Hugh Bradley was sold to the Jersey City Giants minor league baseball team of the International League. The only purchase made by the Red Sox that offseason was their purchase of Neal Ball from the Cleveland Naps on June 25 for $2500.


1912 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season
The new Red Sox home stadium, Fenway Park opened on April 20, the same day as Navin Field in Detroit opened. It was supposed to be opened on April 18 (like Navin Field) but it rained in both cities on that day.


1912 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season
On April 26, Hugh Bradley became the first player to hit a home run over the Green Monster at Fenway Park. It was his only home run of the 1912 season, and one of only two he hit in his career, which spanned five seasons.


1912 Boston Red Sox season, Regular season, Opening Day lineup
On April 11, 1912, the Red Sox defeated the New York Highlanders 5–3 in an away game.


1912 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Batting
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Boston Red Sox season, Player stats, Pitching
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Boston Red Sox season, World Series
The 1912 World Series was played between the New York Giants of the NL and the Red Sox of the AL. The Red Sox won in eight games, 4–3, having played the Giants to a tie in Game 2.


1912 Boston Red Sox season, World Series
AL Boston Red Sox (4) vs. NL New York Giants (3)


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election
The Bow and Bromley by-election was a by-election held on 26 November 1912 for the British House of Commons constituency of Bow and Bromley. It was triggered when the Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP), George Lansbury, accepted the post of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds as a technical measure enabling him to leave Parliament.


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Background
Bow and Bromley was a marginal constituency. It had been held by the Liberal Party from 1906 until 1910 and by the Conservative Party from 1895 until 1906 and during 1910. At the general election of December 1910, Lansbury had gained the seat for Labour with a majority of 11.1%.


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Background
Lansbury had become a strong supporter of women's suffrage. Unusually among male politicians of the time, he supported the actions of militant suffragettes such as the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU). While support for women's suffrage was official Labour policy, Lansbury felt that this support was lukewarm, and so in October 1912 he travelled to Boulogne-sur-Mer with Emmeline Pankhurst, where he met WSPU leader Christabel Pankhurst.


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Campaign
Lansbury decided to resign his seat and contest the resulting by-election on a platform of "Votes for Women". He was unable to gain official Labour Party support, and instead ran as the "Women's Suffrage and Socialist" candidate. He was supported by his Constituency Labour Party (CLP), including J. H. Banks and Edgar Lansbury, by some prominent Labour figures including Keir Hardie and Philip Snowden, by Liberal Party MP Josiah Wedgwood and by journalist H. N. Brailsford. Millicent Fawcett, leader of the WSPU's rival the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies also campaigned for Lansbury.


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Campaign
The WSPU were very active in supporting Lansbury in the by-election, but some tensions arose between them and the CLP. The WSPU were adamant that their campaign would not be controlled by a male-led organisation, while the local activists regarded them as outsiders. This in particular created problems on polling day, when WSPU cars were not made available to carry people to vote.


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Campaign
Sylvia Pankhurst's branch of the WSPU was on the same road as Lansbury's campaign headquarters. She supported his campaign, but was critical of him for standing prematurely, against counsel from the labour movement, and for prioritising women's suffrage above all other issues. Lansbury's manifesto did include other measures, including opposition to the National Insurance Bill and an explanation of his differences with the Labour leadership.


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Campaign
The campaign was widely covered by the official Labour newspaper the Daily Citizen and strongly supported by Lansbury's own recently launched paper the Daily Herald.


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Campaign
The Liberal Party's leadership opposed the militant activities of the WSPU by imprisoning its members. When some suffragettes went on hunger strike, it authorised force feeding. Lansbury strongly disagreed with this, and in Parliament in the summer of 1912, he told H. H. Asquith, the Liberal Prime Minister "You will go down in history as the man who tortured innocent women. You ought to be driven from public life." Despite this, the Liberals did not stand a candidate in the by-election. The Labour Party also declined to stand an official candidate, so Lansbury's only opponent was Reginald Blair of the Conservative Party. Blair was supported by the Primrose League and the National League for Opposing Woman Suffrage and campaigned under slogans including "Women Do Not Want Votes".


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Result
Blair took the seat from Lansbury with a majority of over 700 votes.


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Result
Lansbury believed that his resignation had permanently alienated some of his constituents, and subsequently declared "Never Resign!"


1912 Bow and Bromley by-election, Aftermath
The Bow & Bromley Independent Labour Party disintegrated. Reginald Blair entered parliament to speak and vote on a number of issues, including voting against granting the vote to women in 1917. He held the seat until 1922, when Lansbury retook it. Lansbury meanwhile promoted socialism in the Daily Herald and led the Poplar Rates Rebellion of 1921. The WSPU moved away from Lansbury and became increasingly anti-socialist, while this was a decisive point in Sylvia Pankhurst's split from her family towards communism. The following year, her section of the WSPU became the East London Federation of Suffragettes.


1912 Brisbane general strike
The 1912 Brisbane General Strike in Queensland, Australia, began when members of the Australian Tramway and Motor Omnibus Employees' Association were dismissed when they wore union badges to work on 18 January 1912. They then marched to Brisbane Trades Hall where a meeting was held, with a mass protest meeting of 10,000 people held that night in Market Square (also known as Albert Square, now King George Square).


1912 Brisbane general strike, General Strike
The Brisbane tramways were owned by the General Electric Company of the United Kingdom. Despite this they were managed by Joseph Stillman Badger, an American, who refused to negotiate with the Queensland peak union body, then known as the Australian Labour Federation. After this rebuff a meeting of delegates from forty-three Brisbane based Trade Unions formed the Combined Unions Committee and appointed a General Strike Committee. The trade unionists of Brisbane went out on a general strike on 30 January 1912, not just for the right to wear a badge but for the basic right to join a union.


1912 Brisbane general strike, General Strike
Within a few days the Strike Committee became an alternative government. No work could be done in Brisbane without a special permit from the Strike Committee. The committee organised 500 vigilance officers to keep order among strikers and set up its own Ambulance Brigade. Government departments and private employers needed the Strike Committee's permission to carry out any work. The Strike Committee issued strike coupons that were honoured by various firms. Red ribbons were generally worn as a mark of solidarity, not only by people but also on pet dogs and horses pulling carts. Daily processions and public rallies were held to keep strikers occupied.


1912 Brisbane general strike, General Strike
On the second day of the strike over 25,000 workers marched from the Brisbane Trades Hall to Fortitude Valley and back with over 50,000 supporters watching from the sidelines. The procession was described as being led by Labor parliamentarians, with the procession being eight abreast and two miles (3 km) long, with a contingent of 600 women. The strike spread throughout Queensland with many regional centres organising processions through their towns. The strike committee regularly issued an official Strike Bulletin to counter the expected anti-union bias in mainstream newspapers.


1912 Brisbane general strike, General Strike
It was only when the strike spread to the railways that the Queensland government became concerned about the situation. At this juncture it banned processions, swore in special constables and issued bayonets to its police force. Commonwealth military officers and spare-time troops volunteered as special constables, and many of the specials wore their commonwealth uniforms into action.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Black Friday
An application by the strike committee for a permit for a march on 2 February 1912 was refused by Police Commissioner William Geoffrey Cahill – the day came to be called Black Friday for the savagery of the police baton charges on crowds of unionists and supporters.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Black Friday
Despite the refusal of a permit, a crowd estimated at 15,000 turned up in Market Square. Police and Specials attacked crowds in Albert Street under the direction of Cahill, who shouted, "Give it to them, lads! Into them." Meanwhile, Emma Miller, a pioneer trade unionist and suffragist, led a group of women and girls to parliament house and, while returning along Queen Street, were batoned and arrested by a large contingent of foot and mounted police.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Black Friday
Emma Miller, a frail woman in her 70s barely weighing 35 kilograms, stood her ground, pulled out her hat pin and stabbed the rump of the Police Commissioner's horse. The horse reared and threw off the Police Commissioner, giving him an injury resulting in a limp for the rest of his life. There is some debate that Miller's hatpin stabbed Cahill in the leg.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Black Friday
The riding down and batoning of peaceful people, many of them being elderly and women and children on the footpath, was widely condemned, not only in union papers such as the Worker, but also in the more conservative papers such as Truth. It was initially called Baton Friday, but later came to be popularly known as Black Friday.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Black Friday
Conservative Queensland Premier Digby Denham, viewed the strike committee as an opposing alternate administration and said there were "not going to be two governments" and opposed all further permits for processions. When he attempted to enlist support of the Federal Government in the use of the military, he was rebuffed by the Labor Prime Minister, Andrew Fisher, member for the Queensland seat of Gympie. Fisher had also received a request for military support from the Combined strike committee, but declined this offer preferring to send a monetary donation in support of the strike.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Aftermath
Justice H.B. Higgins in the Federal Arbitration Court ruled that the precipitating event was a lockout rather than a strike, and that the regulation refusing tramwaymen the right to wear their union badges on duty was both unauthorised and unreasonable. Higgins could not intervene in restoration of jobs.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Aftermath
When the Employers Federation agreed on 6 March 1912 that there would be no victimisation of strikers the strike officially ended.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Aftermath
The savagery of the baton charges by the Queensland Police Service and specials on Black Friday created a bitterness and hatred of the police which would last for several decades. The strike reinforced solidarity and collective identity of the Australian labour movement in Queensland. The Denham government immediately won an ensuing election on a "Law and Order" platform and passed the Industrial Peace Act of 1912 ushering in compulsory arbitration specifically to deter strikes in essential services.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Aftermath
Employees of the tramway company who had struck were sacked. The tramway company refused to ever re-hire these workers. When the tram system was acquired by the Queensland Government in 1922 the sacked workers were reinstated. Badges on uniforms – the cause of the strike – were forbidden even when the tram system (and later bus system) was under government and later Brisbane City Council control and were to remain forbidden until 1980.


1912 Brisbane general strike, Aftermath
In the aftermath of the strike three years later there was an electoral swing to Labor all over Queensland, and the second Queensland Labor Government was elected in 1915, led by T. J. Ryan.


1912 Brisbane general strike, In culture
The play, Faces in the street : a story of Brisbane during the general strike of 1912 : a play in two acts written by Errol O'Neill was performed for the first time in 1983 by La Boite Theatre.


1912 British Columbia general election
The 1912 British Columbia general election was the thirteenth general election for the Province of British Columbia, Canada. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on February 27, 1912, and held on March 28, 1912. The new legislature met for the first time on January 16, 1913.


1912 British Columbia general election
The governing Conservative Party increased its share of the popular vote to almost 60%, and swept all but 3 of the 42 seats in the legislature. Of the remaining three, one (Harold Ernest Forster in Columbia) was formally listed as an Independent but was a Conservative who had missed the filing date. He campaigned and sat in full support of the McBride government.


1912 British Columbia general election
The Liberal Party's share of the vote fell from one-third to one-quarter, and it lost both of its seats in the legislature.


1912 British Columbia general election
The remaining two seats were won by the Socialist Party and the Social Democratic Party in the coal-mining ridings of Nanaimo City and Newcastle.


1912 British Columbia general election, Results
* Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.


1912 British Columbia general election, Results
1 Since nine Conservatives were elected by acclamation, i.e., without any polling of votes, the total votes for the Conservative Party and the overall total as well as the popular vote are somewhat misleading. A potential 14,086 voters did not have the opportunity to exercise their franchise. Given a voter turnout of almost 50% in other ridings, the total number of votes could have been about 7,000 more.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition
In 1911 the British War Office announced their first Military Aeroplane Competition for aircraft to meet the requirements of the Air Battalion Royal Engineers. The formal requirements were published in December 1911. By the time the trials were held in August 1912, the Air Battalion had become the Military wing of the Royal Flying Corps (RFC). It was held at Larkhill on Salisbury Plain, and the competition was won by S. F. Cody with his Cody V biplane.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, "Specification for a Military Aeroplane"
By 1911 it was clear that the development of aircraft had reached the point where they were of military significance. France, the world leader in aviation at the time, had over 200 aircraft in military service. In contrast, Britain's total military aircraft strength was nineteen aircraft, of which, in the words of Colonel J.E.B Seely, Under-Secretary of State for War,  "one is broken beyond repair and one is quite out of date.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, "Specification for a Military Aeroplane"
Others are more or less under repair" adding "We are arriving at a point when we think we see our way to choose what is the best type, first for teaching people to fly, and secondly, to buy for the purposes of war should war unfortunately break out". The only practical step that had been taken by the War Office was the creation of an establishment for the scientific examination of the various problems involved in aircraft design. After some consultation with the Royal Aero Club and various aircraft manufacturers, they announced their "Specification for a Military Aeroplane" in late December, the details being published in Flight magazine on 23 December 1911.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, "Specification for a Military Aeroplane"
Additionally, the aircraft had to be transported to Larkhill in a crate of specified size and assembled there. Aircraft had to be capable of being dismantled and transported by road or rail, and the ease of rigging and de-rigging would be one of the factors taken into account by the judges.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, "Specification for a Military Aeroplane"
Prizes were to be awarded for aircraft built in any country: first prize £4,000, second prize £2,000. Prizes for British subjects in an aircraft made in the United Kingdom (except the engine): first prize £1500, two second prizes of £1,000, and three third prizes of £500. Ten other aircraft that passed the flying test would be given £100.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, "Specification for a Military Aeroplane"
The War Office issued an amended and slightly less demanding list of specifications in May 1912, and manufacturers were to submit their entries to the Secretary of the Judges Committee by 15 June. The aircraft had to be delivered to Larkhill on or before 15 July. No date was given for the actual flying trials.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, "Specification for a Military Aeroplane"
These eventually started on 2 August 1912. Originally 32 different aircraft were entered for the trials but some failed to turn up. The competition was judged by a committee consisting of Brigadier D . Henderson, Captain Godfrey Paine and Mervyn O'Gorman, with Major F.H. Sykes acting as Secretary.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, "Specification for a Military Aeroplane"
The trials were very different from modern military aircraft trials. Although the public were excluded from the aircraft hangars and flying field, otherwise free access was allowed. Aviation was then a subject of great popular interest, and many people came to watch.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, Aircraft
3rd Prize of £500 in the British-built category, purchased by the Royal Flying Corps after trial


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, Aircraft
French-built, 2nd prize in any country category of  £2,000, purchased by the Royal Flying Corps


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, Aftermath
The Cody biplane successfully passed all the tests and was declared winner of the competition, despite the fact that several other of the competitors (such as the Hanriot monoplanes) demonstrated better all-round performance. As a result, the Cody was purchased by the Flying Corps, with an order placed for a second example to be built by Cody.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, Aftermath
Several more of the competitors were also purchased by the Royal Flying Corps. These were the Blériot XI-2, the two Bristol Coanda monoplanes and the two Gnome-powered Deperdussins. Most of these aircraft saw little use, with one of the Deperdussins crashing fatally on 6 September 1912, followed by one of the Bristol-Coanda monoplanes on 10 September (with the Bristol crash being caused by inadvertent operation in flight of a quick-release catch which had been fitted to allow easy disassembly for the Trials). These crashes resulted in a ban being imposed on monoplane use by the RFC, which had a long-term effect on the course of British aircraft design. The Cody Trials aircraft crashed fatally due to a structural failure in April 1913, and the second Cody biplane was withdrawn from use.


1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, Aftermath
The War Office had already placed orders for A. V. Roe's Type 500 two seat biplane, the Gnome-engined immediate predecessor of the Type G. They had also placed orders for examples of the B.E.1 built by the Royal Aircraft Factory and designed by Geoffrey de Havilland. The prototypes of this design had put in a number of appearances at the trials and had clearly demonstrated its all-round superiority over the other aircraft; they were barred from competition because the Director of the Royal Aircraft Factory, Mervyn O'Gorman, was on the panel of judges.


1912 Brooklands Flanders Monoplane crash
The 1912 Brooklands Flanders Monoplane crash was the first aviation accident in which an investigation was made into the cause of the accident and a report subsequently published, thus marking the start of aviation accident investigation worldwide. A Flanders F.3 Monoplane crashed at Brooklands, Surrey, United Kingdom, killing the pilot and his passenger. The cause was determined to be pilot error.


1912 Brooklands Flanders Monoplane crash, Aircraft
The accident aircraft was a Flanders F.3 Monoplane. It was powered by a 60 horsepower (45 kW) Green D.4 engine.


1912 Brooklands Flanders Monoplane crash, Accident
On 13 May 1912, the aircraft took off from Brooklands Aerodrome with the pilot and a passenger on board. Two circuits of the aerodrome were flown before the aircraft was seen to side-slip, stall and crash from an altitude of 200 feet (61 m). The pilot was thrown clear, but the passenger remained in the wrecked aircraft, which caught fire. Both were killed. The aircraft had been flying in a tail-low attitude before the turn was initiated. The accident was witnessed by a crowd of about 200 people. A Coroner's inquest was held in Weybridge. The jury returned verdicts of "accidental death" in both cases.


1912 Brooklands Flanders Monoplane crash, Investigation
The accident was investigated by the Public Safety and Accidents Investigation Committee of the Royal Aero Club. The committee had been established on 27 February 1912. The cause was determined to be pilot error. The committee published its report on 4 June 1912 and recommended that the main committee of the Royal Aero Club publish the report in extenso. Thus the first report into an aviation accident was published in Flight on 8 June, marking the start of the science of aviation accident investigation. The report established a format of facts, analysis, conclusions and recommendations that is still in use a century later.


1912 Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers season
The 1912 Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers finished in seventh place with a 65–76 record.


1912 Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Brown Bears football team
The 1912 Brown Bears football team represented Brown University during the 1912 college football season.


1912 Buchtel football team
The 1912 Buchtel football team represented Buchtel College in the 1912 college football season. The team was led by head coach Frank Haggerty, in his third season. Buchtel outscored their opponents by a total of 105–36.


1912 Bucknell football team
The 1912 Bucknell football team was an American football team that represented Bucknell University as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In its third season under head coach Byron W. Dickson, the team compiled a 6–3–1 record.


1912 Calgary municipal election
The 1912 Calgary municipal election was held on December 9, 1912 to elect a Mayor and twelve Aldermen to sit on the twenty-eighth Calgary City Council from January 2, 1913 to January 2, 1914. Nominations closed on December 4, 1912.


1912 Calgary municipal election, Background
The election was held under multiple non-transferable vote where each elector was able to cast a ballot for the mayor and up to three ballots for separate councillors with a voter's designated ward.


1912 Calgary municipal election, Background
Incumbent Mayor John William Mitchell was predicted to contest the Ward 3 Alderman's office, but did not file nomination papers. The Weekly Albertan called Mitchell the most popular Mayor in Calgary's history.


1912 Calgary municipal election, Background
The Morning Albertan claimed the city prepared an insufficient number of polling booths and election officials, which resulted in many voters being unable to cast their ballot.


1912 Campeonato Carioca
In the 1912 season of the Campeonato Carioca, two championships were disputed, each by a different league.


1912 Campeonato Carioca, AFRJ Championship
As a punishment for having left the league, Botafogo was forbidden to participate in LMSA's 1912 championship, which led Botafogo to form a rival league to LMSA, the AFRJ (Associação de Football do Rio de Janeiro, or Rio de Janeiro Football Association); However, Botafogo failed in getting the adherence of any of the other LMSA teams, and as such, the league was mostly populated by minor teams that weren't members of that league. To add to that, Botafogo had also fallen under a financial crisis that led it to sell its field in the Voluntários da Pátria street to the city, and thus, Botafogo moved to a field in the São Clemente street, where most of the championship's matches were held.


1912 Campeonato Carioca, AFRJ Championship
The edition of the Campeonato Carioca organized by AFRJ kicked off on May 12, 1912 and ended on October 27, 1912. Seven teams participated, including Petropolitano, the first team from outside the city of Rio de Janeiro or Niterói to participate in the Carioca championship. Its participation, which turned out to be their only one, proved to be short, as the team abandoned the league protesting against the rescheduling of their fourth round match against Botafogo. Botafogo won the championship for the 3rd time. no teams were relegated.


1912 Campeonato Carioca, AFRJ Championship, System
The tournament would be disputed in a double round-robin format, with the team with the most points winning the title.


1912 Campeonato Carioca, LMSA Championship
The edition of the Campeonato Carioca organized by LMSA (Liga Metropolitana de Sports Athleticos, or Metropolitan Athletic Sports League) kicked off on May 3, 1912 and ended on November 1, 1912. Paysandu won the championship for the 1st time. no teams were relegated.


1912 Campeonato Carioca, LMSA Championship, Participating teams
The league was expanded that year from six to eight teams, with the four participants of the previous year's championship, the three best teams from the second level, and Flamengo, a rowing club that had formed its own football department, mostly comprising former Fluminense players that had a falling out with the club's officialdom in the previous year.


1912 Campeonato Carioca, LMSA Championship, System
The tournament would be disputed in a double round-robin format, with the team with the most points winning the title.


1912 Campeonato Paulista
The 1912 Campeonato Paulista, organized by the LPF (Liga Paulista de Football), was the 11th season of São Paulo's top association football league. Americano won the title for the 1st time. no teams were relegated and the top scorer was Mackenzie's Arthur Friedenreich with 16 goals.


1912 Campeonato Paulista, System
The championship was disputed in a double-round robin system, with the team with the most points winning the title.


1912 Campeonato Paulista, Championship
Despite the fact that AA das Palmeiras had left the league the previous year, the championship expanded, with the return of Mackenzie and Internacional. The last four matches of the championship were cancelled because a São Paulo XI team would tour Rio Grande do Sul in November, which would leave the teams short of important players if the matches were to be held.


1912 Canton Professionals season
The 1912 Canton Professionals season was their fourth season in the Ohio League. The team finished with a record of 7–4.


1912 Carlisle Indians football team
The 1912 Carlisle Indians football team represented the Carlisle Indians football team of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School during the 1912 college football season. The Indians were coached by Pop Warner in his 11th year as head coach.. The team compiled a record of 12–1–1, outscored opponents 454 to 120, leading the nation in scoring. It featured the Hall of Famers Jim Thorpe, Joe Guyon, and Gus Welch. Dwight D. Eisenhower was a halfback on the Army team defeated by Carlisle.


1912 Carlisle Indians football team
The 1912 season included many rule changes such as the 100-yard field and the 6-point touchdown. The first six-point touchdowns were registered in Carlisle's 50–7 win over Albright College on September 21.


1912 Carmarthen District by-election
The Carmarthen District by-election, 1912 was a Parliamentary by-election held in the United Kingdom on 29 January 1912 for the Carmarthen District in Wales. The constituency of Carmarthen District of Boroughs, was centred on the boroughs of Carmarthen and Llanelli. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Carmarthen District by-election, Vacancy
The sitting Liberal MP, W. Llewelyn Williams was appointed Recorder of Swansea, and required by the laws at the time, to seek re-election in a by-election.


1912 Carmarthen District by-election, Electoral history
The constituency had returned Liberals at every election since 1876, apart from in 1895 when a Liberal Unionist won. At the last General election in December 1910, Williams was returned unopposed. However at the previous General Election, there was a contest;


1912 Carmarthen District by-election, Candidates
Forty-five-year-old Llewelyn Williams was a local man having been born in the Towy Valley. He was educated at Llandovery College and Brasenose College, University of Oxford. He built a career in south Wales as a journalist before being called to the Bar from Lincoln's Inn in 1897. At the 1906 general election, he was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Carmarthen District. Williams held the seat at both 1910 general elections. Politically, he has opposed the Boer War, was a supporter of Disestablishment of the Church in Wales and a Welsh Nationalist.


1912 Carmarthen District by-election, Candidates
The Conservatives selected 48-year-old Henry Coulson Bond as their candidate. He was born in Berkshire and educated at Rugby School. Bond was a first time candidate.


1912 Carmarthen District by-election, Candidates
The Labour party chose F.G. Vivian to contest the seat. He had not fought an election before, and Labour had not contested this seat before.


1912 Carmarthen District by-election, Result
The Liberal comfortably held the seat but with a reduced majority;


1912 Carmarthen District by-election, Aftermath
In February 1915, Williams was appointed Recorder of Cardiff and required to face another by-election, in which he was returned unopposed. Neither Bond nor Vivian stood for parliament again.


1912 Central Michigan Normalites football team
The 1912 Central Michigan Normalites football team represented Central Michigan Normal School, later renamed Central Michigan University, as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In their fourth and final season under head coach Harry Helmer, the Central Michigan football team compiled a 1–2–2 record, failed to score a point in four of five games, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 112 to 6. The team's sole victory was by a 6-0 score over the Michigan School for the Deaf from Flint, Michigan.


1912 Central Michigan Normalites football team
The team's quarterback Tip Carnahan broke his collarbone during a practice on October 4.


1912 Challenge Cup
The 1911–12 Challenge Cup was the 16th staging of rugby league's oldest knockout competition, the Challenge Cup.


1912 Challenge Cup
The final was contested by Dewsbury and Oldham at Headingley Rugby Stadium in Leeds.


1912 Challenge Cup
The final was played on Saturday, 27 April 1912, where Dewsbury caused an upset to beat Oldham 8–5 at Headingley in front of a crowd of 15,271.


1912 Challenge Cup
Dewsbury won the Challenge Cup in their first appearance in the final.


1912 Chattanooga Moccasins football team
The 1912 Chattanooga Moccasins football team represented the University of Chattanooga as an independent during the 1912 college football season. This team finished its eight-game schedule with a record of 4–4.


1912 Chicago Cubs season
The 1912 Chicago Cubs season was the 41st season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 37th in the National League and the 20th at West Side Park. The Cubs finished third in the National League with a record of 91–59. Third baseman Heinie Zimmerman led the circuit in home runs, batting average, and slugging percentage.


1912 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
(a) Baseball Reference and Retrosheet have his 1912 RBI total at 104. Baseball Almanac and The Baseball Cube have his RBI total at 99.


1912 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Chicago Green Sox season
The 1912 Chicago Green Sox season was the only season for the Green Sox of the United States Baseball League, a league that folded within a month of its creation. Chicago stood at 6th place by season's end with a 10–12 record.


1912 Chicago Maroons football team
The 1912 Chicago Maroons football team was an American football team that represented the University of Chicago during the 1912 college football season. In their 20th season under head coach Amos Alonzo Stagg, the Maroons compiled a 6–1 record, finished in second place in the Western Conference, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 86 to 44.


1912 Chicago White Sox season
In 1912, the Chicago White Sox debuted one of the most enduring and famous logos in baseball – a large "S" in a Roman-style font, with a small "O" inside the top loop of the "S" and a small "X" inside the bottom loop.


1912 Chicago White Sox season, History of SOX Logo
This is the logo associated with the 1917 World Series championship team, and the 1919 Black Sox.


1912 Chicago White Sox season, History of SOX Logo
With a couple of brief interruptions, the dark blue logo with the large "S" lasted through 1938 (but continued in a modified block style into the 1940s).


1912 Chicago White Sox season, Team Colors
Through the 1940s, the White Sox team colors were primarily navy blue trimmed with red.


1912 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Chicago White Sox season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Chinese National Assembly election
The 1912 Chinese National Assembly elections, held in December 1912 to January 1913, were the first elections for the new founded National Assembly of China, which is a bicameral parliament with a Senate and a House of Representatives.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Overview
The poll was indirect as voters chose some 30,000 electors who chose about 2,000 members of the provincial assemblies and 596 members of the House of Representatives. This system caused instances of bribery.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Overview
The 274-member Senate was elected by the provincial assemblies which had themselves been elected in 1909 during the Qing dynasty.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Overview
Adult males over the age of 21, who were educated or owned property and paid taxes, and who could prove two-year residency in a particular county could vote. An estimated 40 million, 4-6% of China's population were registered for the election. This is an increase from the size of the electorate in the 1909 Chinese provincial elections, when less than 1% of the population was enfranchised.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Overview
The president had to pick the 64 members representing Tibet, Outer Mongolia, and Overseas Chinese due to the fact that the government in Beijing did not exercise enough control over these populations to organize elections.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Overview
Despite the compromises, this election had the participation of over 300 civic groups and was the first and most competitive nationwide election in Chinese history.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Overview
The Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) led by Song Jiaoren won a plurality in both houses of the assembly and expected to become the Premier. After losing the election, the Republican, Unity, and Democratic (formerly Constitutionalist) parties merged into the Progressive Party with Liang Qichao as leader. The Progressive Party became the main rival to the Nationalists.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Overview
Song was assassinated on 20 March 1913. When the assembly convened for the first time on April 8 amid heated debate over the assassination, the Nationalists were divided over solutions on how to deal with Yuan Shikai, the provisional president who was suspected of the crime. On 12 July, Sun Yat-sen led a faction into rebellion against Yuan. However, the Second Revolution but was completely defeated within two months.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Overview
The National Assembly members were compromised by threats and bribes from Yuan. He confined them and forced them to elect him formal president in the October presidential election. Next, he outlawed the Nationalists and expelled them from the assembly. Without a quorum, it could not convene so Yuan disbanded it on 10 January 1914.


1912 Chinese National Assembly election, Presidential elections in National Assembly
An important function of the National Assembly under the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China was to elect the President and Vice President of China. The following elections were held by the 1st National Assembly of Beiyang government.


1912 Chinese provisional presidential election
The 1912 Chinese provisional presidential election were the elections held on 15 February and 20 February 1912 in Nanjing for the second provisional President and Vice President of China.


1912 Chinese provisional presidential election
After the Wuchang Uprising on 10 October 1911, Yuan Shikai, the powerful military officer was reappointed to lead the Beiyang Army by the Qing court. Yuan realized that Manchu's days were numbered and decided to establish a government himself. He attacked the revolutionaries to show his power, however left the negotiations open. After the revolutionaries promised him the presidency, he pressed the Qing court to abdicate. On 12 February 1912, the court authorized Yuan to organize a provisional republican government. Three days later, the incumbent provisional president Sun Yat-sen resigned and urged the National Assembly to elect Yuan.


1912 Chinese provisional presidential election
Yuan Shikai and Li Yuan-hung were elected as President and Vice-President respectively. Yuan sworn in on 10 March 1912 and moved to government to Beijing.


1912 Cincinnati Reds season
The 1912 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball. The team finished fourth in the National League with a record of 75–78, 29 games behind the New York Giants. This was the inaugural year of the Reds' new stadium, Redland Field, later known as Crosley Field.


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
The Reds moved into a new stadium beginning in the 1912 season, as the club moved from the Palace of the Fans to Redland Field. The new stadium had a seating capacity of 20,696, which was up from the 12,000 capacity at Palace of the Fans.


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
Cincinnati replaced their manager Clark Griffith, following a disappointing 1911 season, and replaced him with Hank O'Day. O'Day, a former pitcher from 1884-1890, had a 73-110 record and a 3.74 ERA in his career. O'Day was also a former umpire, and notably was behind the plate in the first ever World Series game in 1903. He was also the home plate umpire who made made the initial ruling on Merkle's Boner. He did not have any previous managerial experience.


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Offseason
The Reds sold shortstop Tom Downey to the Philadelphia Phillies on December 29. Cincinnati shifted third baseman Eddie Grant to shortstop, where he split playing time with Jimmy Esmond,  as the club named Art Phelan their new third baseman. Phelan, only 23 years old, saw limited action with Cincinnati in 1910, before spending the 1911 season in the minors.


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Cincinnati had a tough season offensively, as the club ranked last in batting average (.256), on base percentage (.323), hits (1310), doubles (183) and home runs (21). First baseman Dick Hoblitzell hit .294 and had 85 RBI, however, his home run total dropped from eleven in 1911 to only two in 1912. Outfielder Armando Marsans led the Reds with a .317 batting average, while hitting one home run and 38 RBI in 110 games. Outfielder Bob Bescher led the National League in stolen bases with 67, and he had a .281 batting average with four home runs and 38 RBI, and scored 120 runs. Outfielder Mike Mitchell batted .283 with four home runs and 78 RBI in 147 games.


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
The pitching rotation was led by Rube Benton, as in his first full season as a starting pitcher, he appeared in a National League high 50 games, starting 39 of them. Benton had a record of 18-20 with a 3.10 ERA while pitching 302 innings, striking out 162 batters and had 22 complete games. George Suggs led Cincinnati in wins, as he was 19-16 with a 2.94 ERA in 42 games, pitching 303 innings and recording a team high 25 complete games. Art Fromme finished the year with a 16-18 record in 43 games, throwing 296 innings and 23 complete games, while having a team best 2.74 ERA.


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season, Season Summary
The club got off to a surprising start of the season, as Cincinnati had a 22-6 record in their first 28 games, leading the National League by 1.5 games over the New York Giants. The Reds lost 10 of their next 11 games to fall out of first place, and could never recover. Cincinnati would eventually fall under .500, and finished the season with a 75-78 record, an improvement of five games over 1911, but finished 29 games behind the New York Giants for the pennant.


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Cincinnati football team
The 1912 Cincinnati football team was an American football team that represented the University of Cincinnati as a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference during the 1912 college football season. In their first season under head coach Lowell Dana, the Bearcats compiled a 3–4–1 record. Robert Heuck was the team captain. The team played its home games at Carson Field in Cincinnati.


1912 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1912 Clemson Tigers football team represented the Clemson Tigers of Clemson Agricultural College during the 1912 college football season. Under third year head coach Frank Dobson, the team posted a 4–4 record. W. B. Britt was the captain.


1912 Cleveland Naps season
The 1912 Cleveland Naps season was a season in American baseball. The Naps had two of the best hitters in the majors in Shoeless Joe Jackson and Nap Lajoie. Despite this, they ended up back in the second division, finishing in fifth place with a record of 75-78.


1912 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Cleveland Naps season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Colgate football team
The 1912 Colgate football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Dutch Sommer, the team compiled a 5–2 record. Roscoe Cook was the team captain. The team played its home games on Whitnall Field in Hamilton, New York.


1912 College Baseball All-Southern Team
The 1912 College Baseball All-Southern Team consists of baseball players selected at their respective positions after the 1912 NCAA baseball season.


1912 College Football All-America Team
The 1912 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1912 college football season. The only selector for the 1912 season who has been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is Walter Camp. Many other sports writers, newspapers, coaches and others also selected All-America teams in 1912. One writer, Louis A. Dougher, published a "Composite Eleven" in the Washington Times which consisted of his aggregating the first-team picks of 23 selectors.


1912 College Football All-America Team
The Harvard Crimson football team of 1912 finished the season with a perfect 10-0 record and outscored opponents 176 to 22. A total of 10 Harvard players were named first-team All-Americans by at least one selector. They are Charles Brickley, Gerard Driscoll, Sam Felton, Henry Burchell Gardner, Harvey Hitchcock, Huntington Hardwick, Francis Joseph O'Brien, Stan Pennock, Bob Storer, and Percy Wendell.


1912 College Football All-America Team
Only two players from schools outside of the Ivy League were selected as consensus first-team All-Americans. They are Bob Butler from Wisconsin and Jim Thorpe from Carlisle.


1912 College Football All-America Team, Walter Camp's "official" selections
The only individual who has been recognized as an "official" selector by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for the 1912 season is Walter Camp. Accordingly, the NCAA's official listing of "Consensus All-America Selections" mirrors Camp's first-team picks. Nine of Camp's first-team All-Americans in 1912 played on teams from the Ivy League. The only two players recognized by Camp from outside the Ivy League were Jim Thorpe from the Carlisle School and Bob Butler of Wisconsin.


1912 College Football All-America Team, Walter Camp's "official" selections
The dominance of Ivy League players on Camp's All-America teams led to criticism over the years that his selections were biased against players from the leading Western universities, including Chicago, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Notre Dame. Camp's first-team All-Americans in 1912 included:


1912 College Football All-America Team, Other selectors
By 1912, there was a proliferation of newspapers, sports writers, coaches and others choosing All-America teams. Recognizing the difficulties faced by any single person who could only watch one game per week, some began to seek better methodologies for selecting a true "consensus" All-America team. One writer, Louis A. Dougher of the Washington Times published a "Consensus Team" which he arrived at by aggregating the picks made by 23 newspapers, writers, coaches and football experts.


1912 College Football All-America Team, Other selectors
The 23 All-America teams aggregated by Dougher included those picked by Walter Camp, football historian Parke H. Davis, Dartmouth coach Frank Cavanaugh, former Harvard star Hamilton Fish III, Fordham coach Tom Thorp, former Chicago star Tiny Maxwell, the New York American, The New York Globe, the New York World, The Evening World, the New York Tribune, the New York Press, The Sun (New York), The Philadelphia Inquirer, the Public Ledger (Philadelphia), The Philadelphia Press, the Philadelphia Evening Telegraph, The Baltimore Sun, the Baltimore News, the Pittsburgh Dispatch; the Pennsylvanian, and Dougher's own selections.


1912 College Football All-America Team, Other selectors
Dougher's efforts revealed that a number of Camp's picks were not truly "consensus" picks. For example, five of the eleven players identified by Dougher as consensus picks were overlooked by Camp. They are:


1912 College Football All-America Team, Other selectors
Dougher sought to explain the lack of representation of players from the West as follows: "The complete absence of any western players from all the selections except Camp's is easily explained in that western writers call their teams all-western instead of all-America as do the writers of the eastern sheets."


1912 College Football All-Southern Team
The 1912 College Football All-Southern Team consists of American football players selected to the College Football All-Southern Teams selected by various organizations for the 1912 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. Lew Hardage was selected for Walter Camp's third-team All-American. Vanderbilt won the SIAA championship. Georgetown won the SAIAA championship.


1912 College Football All-Southern Team
Innis Brown, a referee throughout the south, and captain of Vanderbilt's 1905 championship team, was hired to select the team of the Atlanta Constitution. The Constitution's editor Dick Jemison also selected a team. Former Georgia player and captain and then assistant Harold Ketron selected a team. Georgia Tech head coach John Heisman as usual picked one also. Former Mississippi head coach Nathan Stauffer selected an All-Southern team for Collier's Weekly.


1912 College Football All-Southern Team, Composite eleven
The composite All-Southern eleven formed by "consolidated pick" of ten sporting writers culled by the Atlanta Constitution editor Dick Jemison included:


1912 College Football All-Southern Team, Composite overview
Lew Hardage, Bob McWhorter, and Hugh Morgan were unanimous All-Southern selections.


1912 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
C = received votes for a composite All-Southern eleven from one of ten sports writers compiled by Dick Jemison of the Atlanta Constitution, called the "consolidated pick." The ten came from Innis Brown, John Heisman, Jemison, Julian Murphey, Harold Ketron, The Birmingham Age-Herald, Atticus Mullin, The Montgomery Advertiser, the Memphis Commercial-Appeal and the Nashville Democrat. Votes for multiple positions are combined. Most chose Rube Barker as a guard in this composite.


1912 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
IB = selected by Innis Brown, captain of 1905 Vanderbilt football team and referee throughout the South.


1912 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
NS = selected by Nathan P. Stauffer of Collier's Weekly. It had a first and second team, denoted by the numbers 1 or 2.


1912 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
SS = selected by Sam Sarokin, sporting editor for the New Orleans Item.


1912 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
H = selected by John Heisman, coach at the Georgia Institute of Technology, as published in Fuzzy Woodruff's A History of Southern Football 1890-1928.


1912 College Football All-Southern Team, Key
AT = an All-Southern team which played against an All-Texas squad.


1912 College of Emporia Fighting Presbies football team
The 1912 College of Emporia Fighting Presbies football team was an American football team that represented the Emporia College during the 1912 college football season. The team's head coach was  Homer Woodson Hargiss.


1912 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1912 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team represented Colorado Agricultural College (now known as Colorado State University) in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1912 college football season. In their second season under head coach Harry W. Hughes, the Aggies compiled a 3–2 record, tied for third in the RMC, and outscored opponents by a total of 68 to 40.


1912 Colorado Mines Orediggers football team
The 1912 Colorado Mines Orediggers football team was an American football team that represented the Colorado School of Mines in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1912 college football season. The team compiled a 9–1 record and was champion of the RMC.


1912 Colorado Silver and Gold football team
The 1912 Colorado Silver and Gold football team was an American football team that represented the University of Colorado during the 1912 college football season. Head coach Fred Folsom led the team to a 2–2 mark in the RMC and 6–3 overall.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election
The 1912 Colorado gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1912. Democratic state Senator Elias M. Ammons defeated the Progressive, Republican and Socialist candidates future Senator Edward P. Costigan, Clifford C. Parks and Charles A. Ashelstrom with 42.91% of the vote.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election, Background
In 1910, incumbent Democratic Governor John F. Shafroth had won reelection by a 51-43 margin against Republican State Senator John B. Stephen. Shafroth two terms in office were defined by his push for progressive reforms. He successfully passed direct primary, recall, home rule and labor control laws against strong opposition of the Democratic machine in Denver and Colorado corporations. In 1912, Shafroth decided against running for another term. Instead, he successfully ran for United States Senator that year.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election, Background
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Republican party was divided into two main wings: the progressives (led by Theodore Roosevelt) and the conservatives (led by William Howard Taft). The rift between the two wings had deepened during the Taft's service as 27th President of the United States, prompting former President Roosevelt to run against the incumbent Taft for the Republican nomination in the 1912 United States Presidential Election. Taft won the nomination at the 1912 Republican National Convention in Chicago, causing Roosevelt to found the Progressive Party and run as a third-party candidate. In many other national and state elections in the year 1912, candidates ran against the Democratic and Republican nominees under Roosevelt's "Progressive" or "Bull Mouse" Banner.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election, Background
In Colorado, Edward P. Costigan quickly emerged as the leader of the new Progressive Party and was chosen by the party to contest the gubernatorial race.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election, Democratic primary
State Senator Elias M. Ammons was able to win the Democratic primary on September 10, 1912 against former Attorney General Joseph H. Maupin and Colorado State Penitentiary Warden Thomas J. Tynan. Ammons had positioned himself as a moderate reformer, who strongly opposed Roosevelt's conservation policies.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election, Republican primary
Former State Auditor Clifford C. Parks was able to win the Republican primary on September 10, 1912 against attorney Philip B. Stewart. The Republican primary was shaped by the divide between "regular" Republicans which supported President Taft and "progressive" Republicans which supported former President Roosevelt. In July 1912, the progressive candidate Stewart had been asked by fellow Roosevelt supporters to leave the Republican Party and join the Progressive Party. He declined and instead ran as a Roosevelt supporter in the Republican primary. Stewart lead the race in early returns which lead multiple newspaper to call him the apparent winner. After all votes were counted, Clifford C. Parks was declared as the winner. Philip Stewart did not support the Republican ticket in the general election, and ran as a Presidential elector for Teddy Roosevelt in the 1912 presidential election.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election, Aftermath
Elias M. Ammons was sworn in as the 19th Governor of Colorado in Denver on January 14, 1913. In the 1912 Colorado House of Representatives and Colorado Senate elections the Democrats won a 48-17 and 24-11 majority in the 19th General Assembly, respectively. The Colorado State Government was therefore dominated by Democrats during Ammons' term from 1913-1915.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election, Aftermath
Ammons and the Democrats' legislative proposals would be overshadowed by the Colorado Coalfield War, which climaxed in the 1914 Ludlow Massacre. Ammons was the commander-in-chief of the Colorado National Guard, that caused the massacre by attacking the tent city called Ludlow Colony. The strike caused between 69 and 199 deaths.


1912 Colorado gubernatorial election, Aftermath
After the massacre, Governor Ammons was torn between the interests of the striking miners, which had political support by some Democrats like State Senator Helen Ring Robinson, and the mine owners under the leadership of John D. Rockefeller Jr. and decided to request the deployment of federal troops to calm the violent clashes. After massive criticism and nationwide outrage, Ammons decided to not run for reelection in the 1914 Colorado gubernatorial election and subsequently retired from public life.


1912 Columbus Panhandles season
The 1912 Columbus Panhandles season was an American football team played professional football in the Ohio League. The team featured the Nesser brothers.


1912 Columbus Panhandles season, Players
Player information is based on box scores in published game accounts.


1912 Connecticut Aggies football team
The 1912 Connecticut Aggies football team represented Connecticut Agricultural College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1912 college football season. The Aggies were led by first year head coach A. J. Sharadin, and completed the season with a record of 3–3.


1912 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1912 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Incumbent Democrat Simeon Eben Baldwin defeated Republican nominee J. P. Studley with 41.11% of the vote.


1912 Copa de Honor Cousenier
The 1912 Copa de Honor Cousenier was the final match to decide the winner of the Copa de Honor Cousenier, the 8th. edition of the international competition organised by the Argentine and Uruguayan Associations together. The final was contested by Uruguayan side River Plate and Argentine Racing Club de Avellaneda.


1912 Copa de Honor Cousenier
The match was held in the Estadio Gran Parque Central in Montevideo, on December 8, 1912. River Plate beat Racing Club 2–1, winning its first and only Copa Cousenier trophy.


1912 Copa de Honor MCBA Final
The 1912 Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires was the final that decided the champion of the 8th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in Racing Club Stadium in Avellaneda, Racing Club beat reigning champion Newell's Old Boys 3–0, winning its first title in the top division of Argentine football.


1912 Copa de Honor MCBA Final
The 1912 Copa de Honor was the first of a large list of national cups and Primera División titles won by Racing Club during the 1910s decade that earned the club its most famous nickname, La Academia.


1912 Copa de Honor MCBA Final, Overview
The 1912 edition was contested by 10 clubs, 5 within Buenos Aires Province and 5 from Liga Rosarina de Football participating in the competition. Playing in a single-elimination tournament, Racing beat River Plate (3–0 in Dársena Sur), Estudiantes (BA) (5–0 in Avellaneda), and Club Atlético Provincial (6–1 in Rosario) to reach the final.


1912 Copa de Honor MCBA Final, Overview
On the other side, Newell's beat Rosario Central (5–3), and achieved another easy win against Argentino de Rosario (7–0) paving its road to the final in Avellaneda.


1912 Copa de Honor MCBA Final, Overview
The final was held in Estadio Racing Club in 1912, where Racing beat Newell's won 3–0, with goals by Alberto Ohaco (2) and Alberto Marcovecchio.


1912 Copa del Rey
The Copa del Rey  1912 was the 11th staging of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition.


1912 Copa del Rey
The competition started on March 31, 1912, and concluded on April 12, 1912, with the Final, held at the Industria Stadium in Barcelona, in which FC Barcelona lifted the trophy for the second time ever after a 2–0 victory over Sociedad Gimnástica. Six teams were planned to take place in the tournament, but Athletic de Bilbao and Academia de Infantería withdrew just before thestart of the tournament.


1912 Copa del Rey Final
The 1912 Copa del Rey Final was the 11th final of the Spanish cup competition, the Copa del Rey. The final was played at Camp de la Indústria in Barcelona on 7 April 1912. The match was won by FC Barcelona, who beat Real Sociedad Gimnástica Española from Madrid 2–0.


1912 Copenhagen Football Championship, Overview
It was contested by 6 teams, and Kjøbenhavns Boldklub won the championship.


1912 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1912 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the fourth staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.


1912 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
Ballincollig won the championship following a 5-3 to 5-0 defeat of Redmonds in the final.


1912 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1912 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 26th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.


1912 Cork Senior Football Championship
On 25 August 1912, Macroom won the championship following a 1-03 to 1-01 defeat of Fermoy in the final at the Cork Athletic Grounds. This was their third championship title overall and their first title since 1910.


1912 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1912 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 25th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 13 March 1912. The championship began on 14 April 1912 and ended on 29 September 1912.


1912 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
On 29 September 1912, Blackrock won the championship following a 4-02 to 0-01 defeat of Redmonds in the final. This was their 13th championship title overall and their third title in succession.


1912 Cornell Big Red football team
The 1912 Cornell Big Red football team was an American football team that represented Cornell University during the 1912 college football season. In their first season under head coach Albert Sharpe, the Big Red compiled a 3–7 record and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 136 to 63. No Cornell players received honors on Walter Camp's 1912 College Football All-America Team. However, three Cornell players received All-American honors from others: end John E. O'Hearn (second-team, The Philadelphia Inquirer); guard Jimmie Munns (second-team, The New York Sun); and end Harold R. Eyrick (third-team, The Philadelphia Press).


1912 County Championship
The 1912 County Championship was the twenty-third officially organised running of the County Championship. Yorkshire County Cricket Club won their ninth championship title.


1912 County Championship
A No Result (NR) column was introduced for the first time which included all matches in which no decision was reached on first innings: these games were not used when calculating maximum possible points. Five matches were abandoned without a ball being bowled and were included in the NR column.


1912 Coupe de Chamonix
The 1912 Coupe de Chamonix was the fourth edition of the Coupe de Chamonix, an international ice hockey tournament. It was held from January 15-17, 1912, in Chamonix, France. Club des Patineurs de Paris from France won the tournament.


1912 Crewe by-election
The Crewe by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 Crewe by-election, Vacancy
Walter McLaren had been Liberal MP for the seat of Crewe since the April 1910 By-Election. In 1912, he died causing the vacancy.


1912 Crewe by-election, History
The Liberal party had won every election in Crewe, since the seat was created in 1885 apart from the 1895 election, when a Conservative won.


1912 Crewe by-election, Candidates
The Liberal candidate was 30-year-old Harold Lawson Murphy, a lecturer in Political Economy from Dublin University. He had trained as a solicitor and was secretary to the Liberal Cabinet Minister, Sir John Simon.


1912 Crewe by-election, Candidates
The Unionist candidate was Ernest Craig, who had been the unsuccessful Liberal Unionist candidate here in December 1910.


1912 Crewe by-election, Candidates
The Labour party, who had not fielded a candidate in December 1910 having fielded a candidate in January 1910, decided to re-enter the contest. Their candidate was James Holmes who was a member of the Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants.


1912 Crewe by-election, Candidates
Given the intervention of the Labour party, the result of the previous three-way contest is relevant;


1912 Crewe by-election, Result
The intervention of the Labour candidate took enough votes from the Liberal candidate to help the Unionist candidate win.


1912 Crewe by-election, Aftermath
A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election;


1912 Crewe by-election, Aftermath
Following the by-election the Labour party decided to re-adopt Holmes as their prospective parliamentary candidate. The National Union of Railwaymen agreed to be his sponsor. However Holmes was concerned that another election where the progressive vote was split would result in another Unionist victory. He called for the Labour and Liberal parties to come to some sort of electoral arrangement as had been the practice in the past. In response, the Labour party decided to drop him as prospective candidate. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place. Joseph Davies, who had been adopted as Liberal candidate back in 1913 was a supporter of David Lloyd George and in 1918 was granted the 'Coalition Coupon'. As a result, Ernest Craig withdrew and did not defend the seat he had won 6 years earlier.


1912 Croatian First League
The 1912 Croatian First League season was the first to be organized by the Croatian Football Federation. Despite the championship being abandoned before its completion, HAŠK Zagreb was declared the champion.


1912 Cuban general election
General elections were held in Cuba on 1 November 1912. Mario García Menocal won the presidential election running under the Conjunción Patriótica banner (an alliance of the National Conservative Party and the National Liberal Party), whilst the alliance also emerged as the largest faction in the House of Representatives, winning 26 of the 50 seats.


1912 Dartmouth football team
The 1912 Dartmouth football team was an American football team that represented Dartmouth College as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In its second season under head coach Frank Cavanaugh, the team compiled a 7–2 record, shut out six of nine opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 281 to 34. Ray Bennett was the team captain.


1912 Dartmouth football team
Tackle Wesley Englehorn was a consensus first-team pick on the 1912 All-America college football team.


1912 Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football team
The 1912 Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football team was an American football team that represented Delaware College (later renamed the University of Delaware) as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In its fifth season under head coach William McAvoy, the team compiled a 1–6–1 record and was outscored by a total of 121 to 50. Arthur C. Huston was the team captain. The team played its home games in Newark, Delaware.


1912 Delaware gubernatorial election
The 1912 Delaware gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Though Republican Governor Simeon S. Pennewill was eligible for re-election, State Senator Charles R. Miller was nominated by the state Republican convention. With the nationwide rise of the Progressive Party, Delaware Republicans were keen to not lose the race due to a strong showing by a Progressive candidate; Miller was seen as amenable to all factions of the Republican Party and to Progressives. In the general election, Miller faced Democratic nominee Thomas M. Monaghan, who had been elected as State Senate President in a majority-Republican chamber as the result of a coalition agreement with Progressives, and Progressive nominee George B. Hynson.


1912 Delaware gubernatorial election
With three strong candidates running, the general election was close. Miller ended up narrowly winning, continuing the Republicans' winning streak in the state, but he defeated Monaghan by only 1,285 votes, winning with a bare plurality. Miller received 47% of the vote to Monaghan's 44% and Hynson's 6%.


1912 Democratic National Convention
The 1912 Democratic National Convention was held at the Fifth Regiment Armory off North Howard Street in Baltimore from June 25 to July 2, 1912.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention
The convention was held at the Fifth Regiment Armory in Baltimore from June 25 to July 2, 1912. It proved to be one of the more memorable United States presidential conventions of the 20th century.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention
1904 Presidential nominee Judge Alton B. Parker of New York served as the Temporary chairman and Keynote Speaker while Representative Ollie M. James of Kentucky served as Permanent Convention chairman.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention
As of 2020, this is the last major party convention to be held in Baltimore.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention, Presidential candidates, Declined
The main candidates were House Speaker Champ Clark of Missouri and Governor Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey. Both Clark and Wilson had won a number of primaries, and Clark entered the convention with more pledged delegates than did Wilson. However, he lacked the two-thirds vote necessary to secure the presidential nomination.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention, Presidential candidates, Declined
Initially, the front runner appeared to be Clark, who received 440¼ votes on the first ballot to 324 for Wilson. Governor Judson Harmon of Ohio received 148 votes while U.S. Representative Oscar W. Underwood of Alabama, the Chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, received 117¼ with the rest of the votes scattered among the other delegates. No candidate managed to gain a majority until the ninth ballot, when the New York delegation shifted its allegiance to Clark. Due to the then-official two-thirds rule used by the Democratic Party, Clark was never able to secure the presidential nomination as he failed to get the necessary two-thirds vote for victory.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention, Presidential candidates, Declined
In past conventions, once a candidate received a majority of the votes, it would start a bandwagon rolling to the nomination. Clark's chances were hurt when Tammany Hall, the powerful and corrupt Democratic political machine in New York City, threw its support behind him. This was the move that gave Clark a majority on the ninth ballot, but instead of propelling Clark's bandwagon towards victory, the endorsement led William Jennings Bryan to turn against the Speaker of the House. A three-time Democratic presidential candidate and still the leader of the party's liberals, Bryan delivered a speech denouncing Clark as the candidate of "Wall Street".


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention, Presidential candidates, Declined
Up until the Tammany endorsement, Bryan had remained neutral, but once the corrupt machine put itself behind Clark, he threw his support to New Jersey Governor Woodrow Wilson, who was regarded as a moderate reformer.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention, Presidential candidates, Declined
Additionally Illinois Democratic Boss, Roger Charles Sullivan and Indiana Democratic Boss Thomas Taggart made a deal with a member of Wilsons campaign. In exchange for having Thomas R. Marshall be Wilsons running mate, Illinois and Indiana would put their support behind Wilson.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention, Presidential candidates, Declined
Before these events, Wilson had consistently finished second to Clark on each ballot, Ironically, Wilson had nearly given up hope that he could be nominated, and he was on the verge of having a concession speech read for him at the convention freeing his delegates to vote for someone else. After receiving the support of Bryan, Sullivan, and Taggart, Wilson gradually gained in strength while Clark's support dwindled. Wilson received the presidential nomination on the 46th ballot.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention, Presidential balloting
The 46 ballots were the most cast at a convention since 1860.


1912 Democratic National Convention, The Convention, Presidential balloting, Vice Presidential candidates
Clark and Bryan were both proposed as vice presidential nominees, but both declined, with Clark preferring to remain as Speaker and Bryan fearful of overshadowing Wilson. Bryan instead proposed Oregon Senator George E. Chamberlain and North Dakota Governor John Burke, the latter of whom became the main progressive candidate. Governor Thomas R. Marshall of Indiana, who had swung his state's delegate votes to Wilson in later ballots, became the major candidate of conservatives. After the second ballot, Representative William Hughes, a leading campaign manager of Wilson's, successfully proposed making the nomination of Marshall unanimous. Wilson and Marshall went on to win a landslide victory in the 1912 presidential election against a split Republican Party.


1912 Democratic National Convention, References in popular culture
The primary battles leading up to the 1912 Democratic Convention are a pivotal event in Taylor Caldwell's 1972 novel Captains and the Kings. In the novel, the fictional Irish-Catholic Rory Daniel Armagh, a U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania, emerges as the front-runner for the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after beating Woodrow Wilson in multiple primaries. (Unlike in real life, Champ Clark is not a factor in the novel.) Armagh is assassinated as part of a conspiracy of international power brokers before the convention.


1912 Democratic National Convention, References in popular culture
Scenes of the convention are depicted in the 1944 biographical film Wilson.


1912 Democratic Party presidential primaries
From March 19 to June 4, 1912, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 1912 United States presidential election. New Jersey Governor Woodrow Wilson was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1912 Democratic National Convention held from June 25 to July 2, 1912, in Baltimore, Maryland.


1912 Democratic Party presidential primaries, Campaign
The race was primarily a contest between Woodrow Wilson and Champ Clark. John Burke and Judson Harmon also ran, but they were favorite sons with little appeal outside their home states.


1912 Denver Pioneers football team
The 1912 Denver Pioneers football team represented the University of Denver in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1912 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Clem Crowley, the team compiled a 2–6–1 record (1–3 against RMC opponents), finished sixth in the conference, and was outscored by opponents by a total of 130 to 87.


1912 Detroit Heralds season
The 1912 Detroit Heralds season was the eighth season of independent American football played by the Detroit Heralds. The team was coached by Bill Marshall, compiled a 4–2–1 record, and won the second annual Detroit football championship with victories over the Myrtles, Morrells, and Wolverines.


1912 Detroit Heralds season
The team lost to the Ann Arbor Independents, a team led by John Maulbetsch who went on to play for Michigan from 1914 to 1916 and was selected as an All-American. In their only game against an out-of-state opponent, the Heralds played the Cleveland Erin Braus to a 7–7 tie. They also lost their only game with a college squad, the Adrian Bulldogs.


1912 Detroit Heralds season
The team's lineup included Birtie Maher and R. Shields (ends), Polly La Grue (quarterback), Sylvester "Ole" Mauer and Schaffer (halfbacks), Lawrence Nedeau (fullback), and Moran (center).


1912 Detroit Heralds season, Players
The team's players included the following, those players with at least four starts shown in bold:


1912 Detroit Tigers football team
The 1912 Detroit Tigers football team  was an American football team that represented the University of Detroit in the 1912 college football season. In its second season under head coach Royal R. Campbell, the team compiled a 5–2–1 record and outscored its opponents by a combined total of 242 to 104.


1912 Detroit Tigers season
The 1912 Detroit Tigers season was a season in American baseball. It involved the Tigers finishing sixth in the American League. It was the team's first season in Tiger Stadium.


1912 Detroit Tigers season, Regular season
On April 20, 1912, Navin Field opened the same day as Fenway Park. It was supposed to be opened on April 18 (like Fenway Park) but it rained in both cities on that day. Ty Cobb scored the first run in Tiger Stadium by stealing home.


1912 Detroit Tigers season, Regular season
On May 18, 1912, the Tigers players went on strike to protest the suspension of star center fielder Ty Cobb, who had gone into the stands on May 15 to attack a disabled fan who had been abusing him. Rather than forfeit the next game, the Tigers sent out a team of replacement players, mostly local college and sandlot players but also including Tigers coaches Joe Sugden and 48-year-old Deacon McGuire. Manager Hughie Jennings also entered the game as a pinch hitter. Starting pitcher Allan Travers gave up 24 runs on 26 hits in a complete game loss, both American League records.


1912 Detroit Tigers season, Regular season
On July 4, 1912, George Mullin threw the first no-hitter in Detroit Tigers history. The Tigers beat the St. Louis Browns by a score of 7–0. It was also Mullin's 32nd birthday.


1912 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1912 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 Detroit Tigers season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1912 East Carmarthenshire by-election
The East Carmarthenshire by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1912 East Carmarthenshire by-election, Vacancy
The East Carmarthenshire MP since 1890 was the Liberal, Abel Thomas. He died on 23 July 1912, causing the by-election. He had been the MP since holding the seat in the 1890 East Carmarthenshire by-election


1912 East Carmarthenshire by-election, Candidates
The Liberal candidate chosen to defend the seat was 54-year-old former Congregationalist Minister, Rev. Towyn Jones. For twenty years he had acted as agent for Abel Thomas. A local man, he was prominent in the Welsh Congregational Union and Carmarthenshire civic politics. He was an advocate of the more radical social programme being adopted by the Liberal party. Some local Liberal landowners had tried unsuccessfully to get the local association to select a more conservative and affluent candidate. The Unionists re-adopted local resident and landowner, Mervyn Lloyd Peel. He had been Chairman of East Carmarthenshire Unionist Association since 1907. He was a 56-year-old Barrister, born in Sale, Cheshire, and son of a Carmarthenshire Deputy Lieutenant. Peel was contesting the seat for third consecutive time.


1912 East Carmarthenshire by-election, Candidates
The Independent Labour Party re-adopted 42-year-old Dr John Henry Williams who had also stood here last time. He was a general practitioner in Burry Port, Carmarthenshire. However, the Labour Party nationally did not adopt him as a candidate on this occasion.


1912 East Carmarthenshire by-election, Campaign
The Labour campaign got off to a bad start when the South Wales Miners Federation decided not to back Dr Williams, forcing him to rely entirely on the local branch of the Independent Labour Party. Williams criticised the use of the military in the 1911 Llanelli railway strike. Peel, the Unionist candidate, was critical of the Parliament Act 1911 which restricted the powers of the House of Lords. The Unionist campaign received a boost when, on 8 August 1912, they gained Manchester North West from the Liberals.


1912 East Carmarthenshire by-election, Result
Although the Liberal party share of the vote was down, the result was satisfactory, given that they had a new candidate replacing a long established incumbent. Although the Unionists did not come close to winning, they will have been encouraged by their increased share of the vote. For the Labour party to see their vote go down despite fielding an established local candidate, was a worry particularly when the Liberal government could be associated with some unpopular measures.


1912 East Carmarthenshire by-election, Aftermath
A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the summer of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.


1912 East Carmarthenshire by-election, Aftermath
Under the Representation of the People Act 1918 the East Carmarthenshire seat was abolished, and was replaced by the new seat of Llanelli at the general election of that year.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season
Eastern Suburbs (now known as the Sydney Roosters) competed in their fifth New South Wales Rugby League season in 1912. They won their second premiership back to back finishing 1st at the end of the season to claim both the minor and major premiership due to the rule stipulations for that year.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Eastern Suburbs 8 ( H. H. Messenger Goals ) defeated Annandale  7 ( Lindsay try; Roy Norman 2 Goals ) at the Sydney Sports Ground.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
"Eastern Suburbs kicked off, and frees to both sides proved resultless. Play then became exceedingly fast, but many opportunities were lost through wild passing. Roy Norman was playing a good defensive game, and blocked several attempts by Eastern Suburbs to break through. The first points were not long In coming. Lindsay (Annandale) secured after Dalton had fumbled, and crossed over. Roy Norman added the extra points. On resuming the tackling on both sides was good, Roy Norman excelling himself. Subsequently Annandale were penalised for obstruction, and Messenger landed a goal.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Eastern Suburbs' handling of the ball was faulty, Messenger sending out several long passes, which were not taken. On the other hand. Annandale were showing out well, the three-quarters putting in excellent work whenever the ball came out to them from the scrum. Then Messenger caused a lull by kicking a goal from a mark. Annandale retaliated, Roy Norman landing a goal from a penalty, thus giving his side a lead of three points. The. game continued very fast, with Annandale holding the advantage, but their attack was jolted by faulty passing. No further scoring resulted before half time, when It was Annandale 7. Eastern Suburbs 4.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
On resuming, play was even for a while: then Eastern Suburbs attacked for a briefly period. Then Annandale attacked, and Messenger and his men had to defend for some time. Messenger, however, put his side in a stronger position by kicking another penalty goal. Following this. Annandale put in some brilliant work. Roy Norman secured, and came away with the pack at his heels. He was tackled, but the hall was transferred to Lilyman, thence to Lindsay, but  the latter lost the ball on the line. It was a fine effort.


1912 Eastern Suburbs season, Results
Annandale were not having the best of luck, another two points, the result of a penalty kick, being registered against them. Eastern Suburbs now led by 8 points to 7. And  Messenger had scored the whole of the points. There now appeared to be little hope for Annandale, and both sides were tiring. The ambulance men were, at this stage, required for the first time, but it was nothing to serious. Annandale made a final dash just before time, but nothing came of It, and a closely contested game finished with Eastern Suburbs leading by a bare point the Final score: - Eastern Suburbs, 8; Annandale, 7." Sydney Morning Herald.