1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 4: Oberlin
Left guard William Caley starred in the second half for Michigan, scoring three touchdowns, and Hogg kicked two goals from touchdown. The last touchdown was scored in darkness. The U. of M. Daily described Caley's effort: "Caley outdid all his best prior efforts. He was a tower of strength. Not only did he completely out-play his opponent, but he permitted no gains to be made through him, and on the guard back plays made openings of all sizes and bucked for sure gains."


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 4: Oberlin
Oberlin had been favored, and when the game ended in a Michigan victory, a great celebration ensued. "The demonstration at the end of the game is without parallel on Regents' Field. The yelling was deafening, and hats went up in the air by the hundreds. Every Michigan player was raised into the air upon the shoulders of howling students and cheered till exhaustion called a halt. A procession was quickly formed and headed by the band, the team was carried to the campus." Michigan was the only team to defeat the 1897 Oberlin team, which shut out both Purdue (22–0) and Ohio State (44–0).


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 4: Oberlin
One newspaper account credited the win to the famous "Michigan brace": "[T]he famous 'Michigan brace' took place a series of brilliant runs being made in the last fifteen minutes of play netting 16 points."


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 5: Michigan alumni
On October 30, 1897, Michigan lost by a 15–0 score to a Michigan alumni team at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Thad Farnham and William C. Malley scored touchdowns for the alumni, and John A. Bloomingston kicked a field goal from the 40-yard line and a goal for touchdown. The game was played in 15-minute halves. John Duffy was the referee, and Horace Prettyman was the umpire. Approximately 400 alumni attended the game, marching from the old chapel to Regents Field.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 5: Michigan alumni
The alumni team was made up of Farnham (left end), Malley (left tackle), Archie Stevenson (left guard), Edwin Denby (center), Frederick W. Henninger (right guard), Allen Steckle (right tackle), Loomis Hutchinson and George Greenleaf (right end), James Baird (quarterback), Gustave Ferbert and George Jewett (left halfback), Horace Dyer and Raynor Freund (right halfback), and Bloomingston (fullback).


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 6: Purdue
On November 6, 1897, Michigan defeated Purdue by a 34–4 score at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Right halfback James Hogg scored Michigan's first touchdown and also kicked the goal from touchdown; Michigan led, 6–0, at the 14:23 mark. Purdue scored next on a run by A. F. Alward, and Michigan's lead was cut to 6–4. A short time later, Frederic Hannan was pushed over the goal line for a touchdown, and Hogg again kicked the goal to extend Michigan's lead to 12–4 at halftime.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 6: Purdue
In the second half, Hogg ran for his second touchdown after four minutes and 10 seconds had been played. The goal was kicked, and Michigan led, 18–4. Hannan scored next, and with the kick for goal, Michigan's lead was extended to 24–4. Pingree scored Michigan's fifth touchdown, and Hogg kicked the goal, extending the lead further to 30–4. Felver scored Michigan's sixth and final touchdown, but the goal was not made. With one minute remaining in the game, the game was called due to darkness.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 6: Purdue
After the game, Professor Thomas Trueblood conducted a well-attended and enjoyable performance of various character roles from Julius Caesar.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 7: Minnesota
On November 13, 1897, Michigan defeated Minnesota by a 14–0 score. The game was played in 35-minute halves before almost 4,000 spectators at the Detroit Athletic Club's field in Detroit. The crowd included 1,200 Michigan students who arrived on special trains from Ann Arbor. It was Michigan's third consecutive victory over Minnesota.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 7: Minnesota
The game began at 2:42 p.m. and lasted for two hours and 18 minutes. It remained scoreless for the first 27 minutes. At that point, Michigan's left guard William Caley ran one yard for a touchdown, but James Hogg missed the kick for goal; Michigan led, 4–0. Hogg scored Michigan's second touchdown on a two-yard run but again missed the kick for goal; Michigan led, 8–0, at halftime. In the second half, neither team scored for 33 minutes, though Clayton Teetzel had a 65-yard touchdown run that was negated by holding penalty against Minnesota. Then, with approximately two minutes remaining, Leo J. Keena scored a touchdown on a four-yard run, and Hogg kicked the goal to extend Michigan's lead to 14–0.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 7: Minnesota
Minnesota's fullback and punter, Loomis, suffered a broken ankle early in the first half. The game was largely a kicking contest, with each team punting the ball back and forth. One newspaper account reported that, due to the frequency of the punts, the ball was "in the air nearly half the time." After the game, the Minnesota players opined that Michigan was "not in the same class" with Wisconsin, which had defeated Minnesota the previous week by a score of 39–0.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 7: Minnesota
After the game, there was a parade down Woodward Avenue to the Russell House. The Detroit Free Press described the celebration: "Canes were flourished; hats were thrown in air ...; pretty girls waved ribbons and flags of dual color, yellow and blue; trumpets sounded, bugles blew; horns screeched; horses neighed and pawed the ground, wondering, no doubt, what all this bother was about. Beneath the shouts and cries, like a deep bass accompaniment to the wonderful composition of sounds ran the low muttering of the multitude and the tramping of many feet. Michigan had won the contest and the jubilant feelings of her followers were but finding an outlet in the rhythmical yells, the lightsome sounding of tins and brasses, the short, hoarse cheers from the tired and husky throats that had already shouted all too long."


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 8: Wittenberg
On November 20, 1897, Michigan played the team from Wittenberg College in Springfield, Ohio, prevailing by a 32–0 score at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. None of Michigan's regular players appeared in the game, as the coaches did not want to risk injuries before the Chicago game set to be played five days later. The reserves scored four touchdowns in the first half, but made no kicks for goal, and led 16–0 at halftime. In the second half, they scored on two field goals, one touchdown, and a goal from touchdown.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 8: Wittenberg
Thomas Marks scored two of the touchdowns, and Joseph Thomas, Charles Juttner, Don Pagelson, and Carl Kennedy scored one each. Burt Hodgman kicked the field goals. The game was played in 15-minute halves. Former Michigan star Frederick W. Henninger attended the game and planned to stay the week to assist in coaching for the Chicago game. The game attracted the smallest crowd of the year.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 9: Chicago
Michigan closed the 1897 season with its traditional Thanksgiving Day game in Chicago against the Chicago Maroons. The game was played in front of a crowd of 12,000 spectators at the Chicago Coliseum. Chicago scored first on a 35-yard run by Gardner. Chicago's fullback, Clarence Herschberger, kicked the goal after touchdown to give the Maroons a 6 to 0 lead. Herschberger next added a drop kick field goal from the 17-yard line to increase Chicago's lead to 11 to 0 at the end of the first half.


1897 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Game 9: Chicago
In the second half, Clayton Teetzel, playing at left end, scored a touchdown for Michigan on a 15-yard run through Chicago's left tackle and end. Teetzel added the goal after touchdown to make the score 11 to 6. Herschberger added two more field goals to increase Chicago's lead to 21 to 6. Michigan's scored a second touchdown when Michigan's fullback, Frederick Hannan, kicked the ball for Michigan from its own 25-yard line. The ball touched a Chicago player, and Michigan tackle, William F. Baker, grabbed the ball and ran 55 yards for a touchdown. Teetzel kicked the goal from touchdown resulting in a final score of 21 to 12. Although Michigan scored two touchdowns to Chicago's one touchdown, field goals were worth five points in 1897, and Herschberger's three field goals were worth 15 points.


1897 Middleton by-election
The 1897 Middleton by-election was held on 4 November 1897 after the incumbent Conservative MP Thomas Fielden died. The seat was narrowly gained by the Liberal candidate James Duckworth, who would lose the seat at the next general election in 1900.


1897 Mindanao earthquakes
The 1897 Mindanao earthquakes occurred on September 20, 1897 at 19:06 UTC and September 21, 1897 at 05:12 UTC. The estimated epicentres of the two earthquakes are identical, lying just off the southwestern coast of Mindanao in the Philippines, south of Basilan island. The earthquakes were originally given estimated magnitudes of 8.6 and 8.7 on the surface wave magnitude scale by Charles Richter, but these were revised downwards by Katsuyuki Abe to 7.4 and 7.5 Ms, respectively. Contemporary reports noted that with few exceptions, all the masonry buildings in Zamboanga and Basilan were left in ruins.


1897 Mindanao earthquakes
Both earthquakes triggered tsunamis, with the second being quite destructive, with a maximum run-up of 7.0 m. The tsunami was noted all along the southwest coast of Negros, the west coast of Panay, the south coast of Palawan, the west coast of Mindanao, and the east coast of Borneo. At least 13 died as a result of the second tsunami, with a hundred or more casualties also being reported.


1897 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
The 1897 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represented the University of Minnesota in the 1897 Western Conference football season. The 1897 season was the second and final season under head coach Alexander Jerrems. The season started out well, but the team lost its last four games including all three of its conference games. The Ariel reported that there was a general opinion that the team's difficulties were the result of poor management. Coach Jerrems was not asked to return and changes were made to the rules governing athletics at the university - managers would no longer be chosen by the students.


1897 Minor Counties Championship
The 1897 Minor Counties Championship was the third running of the Minor Counties Cricket Championship, and ran from 7 June to 28 August 1897. Having been unbeaten for the entire season, Worcestershire won their second consecutive outright title, having also shared the title in 1895. Staffordshire were level in the table with Worcestershire, but played an insufficient number of matches to be considered co-champions. Sixteen teams competed in the championship, with Cornwall, Dorset and Monmouthshire all competing for the first time, though none of them played the minimum of eight matches.


1897 Minor Counties Championship
The leading run-scorer, Arthur Croome of Berkshire, also had the highest individual score of the season, 158 against Hertfordshire. The leading wicket-taker for the second consecutive season, Buckinghamshire's George Nash, took three ten wicket match hauls, including 16/74 against Oxfordshire.


1897 Missouri Tigers football team
The 1897 Missouri Tigers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Missouri as an independent during the 1897 college football season. In its first season under head coach Charles Young, the team compiled an 5–6 record.


1897 Montana Agricultural football team
The 1897 Montana Agricultural football team was an American football team that represented the Agricultural College of the State of Montana (later renamed Montana State University) during the 1897 college football season. They had a 1–3 record in their first season. They played in 2 separate games on November 25.


1897 Montana football team
The 1897 Montana football team represented the University of Montana in the 1897 college football season. They were led by first-year head coach Fred D. Smith.


1897 NYU Violets football team
The 1897 NYU Violets football team was an American football team that represented New York University as an independent during the 1897 college football season. For the season, the Violets compiled a 3–3 record.


1897 Navy Midshipmen football team
The 1897 Navy Midshipmen football team represented the United States Naval Academy during the 1897 college football season. In their first season under head coach Bill Armstrong, the Midshipmen compiled an 8–1 record, shut out seven opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined score of 111 to 34. The Army–Navy Game was canceled due to Presidential cabinet order.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team
The 1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team represented the University of Nebraska in the 1897 college football season. The team was coached by second-year head coach Eddie N. Robinson and played their home games at Antelope Field in Lincoln, Nebraska. They competed as members of the Western Interstate University Football Association.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team
NU went unbeaten in WIUFA play to claim its first outright conference title. Following the season, Robinson accepted the head coaching position at Brown, his alma mater.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Roster
Benedict, Raymond ECowgill, Howard QBHalstead, M.L. GHansen, Albert LGHayward, William LTHerbert CHisey, Albert GMelford, William CMontgomery, Robert RTOury, W. Harry CPearse, Arthur RTSchwartz, Maynard HBShedd, George FBStringer, Lewis LTSwartz, Maynard HBTukey, Harry QBTurner, Edmund RGWestover, John CWiggins, Frank EWilliams, Charles Erwin HB


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Game summaries, at Iowa Agricultural
Nebraska was unable to keep pace with the Cyclones in the second-ever meeting between the schools. NU was not helped by strong winds that died down in the second half when it would have benefited the Bugeaters.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Game summaries, Tarkio
This was the first meeting between Nebraska and Tarkio, and also the first game ever played on campus at the University of Nebraska. On this day, the new field (later known as Antelope Field) was extremely muddy, and conditions were only marginally improved by pre-game efforts to make it playable. Nebraska dominated the game anyway, not allowing Tarkio to move the ball inside NU's 30-yard line.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Game summaries, Nebraska Wesleyan
When Nebraska Wesleyan arrived, it was unclear if the game would be played, as they did not have enough players to field a full team. A bid to have Wesleyan's head coach play, a solution often used in past years, was denied as against league rules. Wesleyan eventually resolved the problem by adding a local high school player to their roster for the day, and Nebraska agreed to shorten the game to two 15-minute halves. Wesleyan kept Nebraska off the scoreboard in the first half, but the undermatched visitors could not keep up in the second half.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Game summaries, Missouri
Nebraska scored four times in the first half in the WIUFA conference opener to put the game out of reach early on. The Bugeaters kept scoring in the second half to set new program records for points in a game and margin of victory in a 41–0 victory.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Game summaries, Kansas
Prior to kickoff, disagreement began over officiating representative selected by Kansas. The Bugeaters repeatedly protested calls, and a Kansas field kick that many spectators claimed missed the mark was ruled good; at this point Nebraska chose to play under protest. The continual disruptions delayed the game's progress, and it was eventually called on account of darkness following a lengthy Kansas argument about a late Nebraska touchdown. Nebraska won 10–5, and Kansas demanded a rematch, but it was never scheduled.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Game summaries, Kansas
University of Kansas records suggest the final score of this game was a 6–5 Nebraska victory.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Game summaries, at KC Medics
The death of a Commandant Jackson resulted in this game being canceled, though it is not clear which team or school he was associated with. The game was initially rescheduled for December 5 but was never played.


1897 Nebraska Bugeaters football team, Game summaries, Iowa
Some sources indicate Iowa failed to follow league requirements prior to the start of the season, which disqualified them as participants; however, league standings from the time list Iowa as a full WIUFA participant in 1897. Nebraska managed a single touchdown against the Hawkeyes, which was enough to win the game 6–0. NU swept its conference opponents and claimed the first outright league title in program history.


1897 Nevada State Sagebrushers football team
The 1897 Nevada State Sagebrushers football team was an American football team that represented Nevada State University (now known as the University of Nevada, Reno) as an independent during the 1897 college football season. The Sagebrushers were led by William H. Harrelson in his first and only year as head coach.


1897 Nevada State Sagebrushers football team, Previous season
The Sagebrushers finished the 1896 season 1–2. Head coach Frank Taylor was replaced by William H. Harrelson.


1897 New Hampshire football team
The 1897 New Hampshire football team was an American football team that represented New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts during the 1897 college football season—the school became the University of New Hampshire in 1923. The team played a seven-game schedule and finished with a record of 2–5.


1897 New Hampshire football team, Schedule
Scoring during this era awarded four points for a touchdown, two points for a conversion kick (extra point), and five points for a field goal. Teams played in the one-platoon system and the forward pass was not yet legal. Games were played in two halves rather than four quarters.


1897 New Hampshire football team, Schedule
The team's original schedule included games against Holy Cross, Maine, and Boston College. New Hampshire would not play these teams until 1909, 1903, and 1899, respectively.


1897 New Hampshire football team, Schedule
The October 2 game in Amherst was the first meeting in the New Hampshire–Massachusetts football rivalry.


1897 New Hampshire football team, Schedule
The final game of the season was awarded to Dover by a score of 6–0, as the New Hampshire team left the field due to rough play. The score on the field had been 6–0 in favor of New Hampshire at the time the game was abandoned.


1897 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1897 were appointments by Queen Victoria to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were published on 1 January 1897.


1897 New Year Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1897 New York City Council President election
An election was held in New York City to election the President of its Council on November 2, 1897. The charter of the new City of Greater New York had created a bicameral Municipal Assembly, comprising an upper Council and a lower Board of Aldermen. The Council president was elected citywide while the Board of Aldermen elected its own president.


1897 New York City Council President election
Democrat Randolph Guggenheimer defeated Republican candidate Appleton, N. D. and C. U candidate Schmann, and O'Neill, who ran under the label "Democrat of Thomas Jefferson", to win the Council Presidency.


1897 New York City Council President election
The bicameral Municipal Assembly would prove to be short-lived, and it was replaced with a unicameral Board of Aldermen in 1901, whose President was elected citywide.


1897 New York City Municipal Assembly election
An election was held to fill the Municipal Assembly of the newly-created City of Greater New York on November 2, 1897. The charter of the new city had created a bicameral Municipal Assembly, consisting of an upper Council and a lower Board of Aldermen. Each chamber was elected from specially-made districts. In addition, the president of the Council was elected in a separate election on the same day.


1897 New York City Municipal Assembly election
Democrats won majorities in both chambers of the Assembly, winning 26 of the Council's 28 seats and 47 of the 60 aldermanic seats. Affiliates of Tammany Hall filled all of Manhattan's seats in the Council. In addition, Democrat Randolph Guggenheimer won the Council Presidency.


1897 New York City Municipal Assembly election
Bicameralism would prove to be short-lived, as the Municipal Assembly was replaced with a unicameral Board of Aldermen in 1901.


1897 New York City Municipal Assembly election, Council election
The Council was divided into ten districts, eight of which elected three members each. The remaining two—one covering Queens and the other Staten Island—elected two members each. One of the members from Queens was elected from Long Island City and Newtown and the other from the remainder of the borough. The entirety of the Bronx was located in the fifth district alongside upper Manhattan.


1897 New York City Municipal Assembly election, Aldermanic election
Each assembly district in the city was entitled to elect one member to the Board of Aldermen, except for Queens, which elected two overall (one from Long Island City and Newtown and the other from the remainder) and the Bronx, from which one member was elected from Westchester County's first and second assembly districts.


1897 New York City borough president elections
Elections for New York City's borough presidents were held on November 2, 1897. The City of Greater New York, as the newly-enlarged New York City was colloquially known, had been created from what had been New York City, Richmond County, Kings County (then coterminous with the City of Brooklyn), and the western part of Queens County. The city was then divided into five boroughs, which each elected a borough president every four years.


1897 New York City borough president elections
Democrats won the presidencies of all five boroughs, as well as the mayoralty, Comptroller, and Council President of the new city.


1897 New York Giants season
The 1897 New York Giants season was the franchise's 15th season. The team finished in third place in the National League with an 83-48 record, 9.5 games behind the Boston Beaneaters.


1897 New York Giants season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 New York Giants season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 New York Giants season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 New York Giants season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 New York state election
The 1897 New York state election was held on November 2, 1897, to elect the Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and one member of the New York State Senate. At the same time, the first Mayor of the consolidated City of New York was elected to take office on January 1, 1898.


1897 New York state election, History
In 1897, there was only one officer to be elected statewide: the Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals, to succeed Charles Andrews whose term would expire at the end of the year because he had reached the constitutional age limit of 70 years.


1897 New York state election, History
The Socialist Labor state convention met on August 14 at 64, East Fourth Street in New York City, and nominated Theodore F. Cuno for Chief Judge.


1897 New York state election, History
The Democratic State Committee met on September 15 at the Hoffman House in New York City. Alton B. Parker was nominated for Chief Judge on the first ballot(vote: Parker 27, Charles F. Tabor 10, Charles J. Patterson 8, D. Cady Herrick 3).


1897 New York state election, History
The Republican State Committee met on September 18 at the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York City. Charles W. Hackett presided. Federal Judge William J. Wallace was nominated unanimously for Chief Judge.


1897 New York state election, History
The nomination of Charles Frederick Adams for Chief Judge on the "United Democracy" ticket was filed shortly before midnight on October 7 at the Secretary of State's office in Albany by two Republicans. Adams declined to run, and Lawrence J. McParlin was substituted on the ticket. Elliott Danforth, the Chairman of the Democratic State Committee, contested the legality of the petition to file a ticket by the United Democracy, and the objections were heard by Secretary of State John Palmer, a Republican, on October 14. At noon on October 18, Palmer ruled that the petition complied with the Election Law.


1897 New York state election, History
An hour later, Justice D. Cady Herrick, a Democrat, of the New York Supreme Court, issued an injunction to restrain Palmer from certifying to the county clerks that a candidate of the United Democracy had been nominated, pending a decision of the courts, and scheduling a hearing for 3 o'clock p.m. Before the hearing began, McParlin withdrew his candidature, but legal experts held that, if the United Democracy's petition was upheld, his name would appear on the ballot despite his withdrawal. Under the circumstances, Justice Herrick heard the arguments, and decided at 10.30 p.m. to reverse Palmer's decision, and the ticket did not appear on the ballots.


1897 New York state election, Result
The Democratic candidate Alton B. Parker was elected, the only Democrat elected to a statewide elective state office from New York state election, 1893 to New York state election, 1900.


1897 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia
The 1897 New Zealand tour rugby to Australia was the third tour by the New Zealand national team to Australia. Ten matches were played against regional and district sides.


1897 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia, Match summary
Complete list of matches played by New Zealand in Australia:


1897 Newfoundland general election
The 1897 Newfoundland general election was held on 28 October 1897 to elect members of the 18th General Assembly of Newfoundland in Newfoundland Colony. The Tory Party led by James Spearman Winter formed the government. On February 15, 1900, the government was defeated following a vote on a motion of no confidence which was supported by the Liberals and several Tories.


1897 North Carolina A&M Aggies football team
The 1897 North Carolina A&M Aggies football team represented the North Carolina A&M Aggies of North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts during the 1897 college football season.


1897 North Carolina Tar Heels football team
The 1897 North Carolina Tar Heels football team represented the University of North Carolina in the 1897 college football season. They played ten games with a final record of 7–3. The team captain for the 1897 season was Arthur Belden.


1897 North Dakota Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1897 North Dakota Agricultural Aggies football team was an American football team that represented North Dakota Agricultural College (now known as North Dakota State University) as an independent during the 1897 college football season. They had a 0–3 record. They did not score any points in the season.


1897 Northwestern Purple football team
The 1897 Northwestern Purple team represented Northwestern University during the 1897 Western Conference football season. In their first and only year under head coach Jesse Van Doozer, the Purple compiled a 5–3 record (0–2 against Western Conference opponents) and finished in sixth place in the Western Conference.


1897 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway in 1897. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 79 of the 114 seats in the Storting.


1897 Notre Dame football team
The 1897 Notre Dame football team was an American football team that represented the University of Notre Dame in the 1897 college football season. In its second season with Frank E. Hering as coach, the team compiled a 4–1–1 record, shut out four opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 165 to 40.


1897 Nova Scotia general election
The 1897 Nova Scotia general election was held from 13 April to 20 April 1897 to elect members of the 32nd House of Assembly of the Province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was won by the Liberal party.


1897 Ohio Green and White football team
The 1897 Ohio Green and White football team was an American football team that represented Ohio University as an independent during the 1897 college football season. In its fourth season of intercollegiate football, Ohio compiled a 7–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 150 to 26. Warwick Ford was the team's head coach; it was Ford's first and only season in the position.


1897 Ohio State Buckeyes football team
The 1897 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented Ohio State University in the 1897 college football season.


1897 Ohio Wesleyan football team
The 1897 Ohio Wesleyan football team represented Ohio Wesleyan University in the 1897 college football season. The team compiled a record of 7–1–1, played Michigan to a scoreless tie, defeated Ohio State by a 6–0 score, shut out six of nine opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined score of 144 to 32. Fielding H. Yost was the team's football coach and also played for the team at the tackle position. The 1897 season was Yost's first as an intercollegiate football coach. Yost remained at Ohio Wesleyan only one year and later served as the football coach at Nebraska (1898), Kansas (1899), and Stanford (1900), before beginning a lengthy career as the head football coach at Michigan.


1897 Ohio Wesleyan football team, Season summary, Michigan
On October 9, 1897, Ohio Wesleyan played Michigan to a scoreless tie in a game played in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The game was played in 15-minute halves. In addition to serving as coach, 26-year-old Fielding H. Yost was also the starting left tackle for Ohio Wesleyan. After the game, Michigan protested Ohio Wesleyan's decision to allow Yost, a paid coach and a non-student, to play in the game. Michigan asserted that Ohio Wesleyan had provided assurance that Yost would not play and introduced another individual as Yost. Michigan also charged that the Ohio Wesleyan team had engaged in "slugging and foul playing." One week after the game, Michigan announced that it would no longer schedule games against Ohio Wesleyan.


1897 Ohio Wesleyan football team, Season summary, Oberlin
On October 16, 1897, Ohio Wesleyan sustained its only defeat of the season, losing to the team from Oberlin College in a game played in Oberlin, Ohio. Oberlin's coach was Samuel Huston Thompson.


1897 Ohio Wesleyan football team, Season summary, Western Reserve
On October 30, 1897, Ohio Wesleyan defeated the team from Western Reserve University by a 10 to 6 score in a game played at Cleveland, Ohio. The key plays for Ohio Wesleyan were a blocked kick and two fumbles by Western Reserve.


1897 Ohio Wesleyan football team, Season summary, Ohio State
On November 25, 1897, Ohio Wesleyan defeated the Ohio State football team by a 6-0 score in Columbus, Ohio. Breyfogle scored a touchdown for Ohio Wesleyan on a 70-yard run.


1897 Ohio gubernatorial election
The 1897 Ohio gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1897. Incumbent Republican Asa S. Bushnell defeated Democratic nominee Horace L. Chapman with 50.28% of the vote.


1897 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1897 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 1897 college football season. In their third year of football and first year under head coach Vernon Louis Parrington, the Sooners compiled a 2–0 record, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 33 to 8.


1897 Open Championship
The 1897 Open Championship was the 37th Open Championship, held 19–20 May at Royal Liverpool Golf Club in Hoylake, England. Harold Hilton, an amateur, won the Championship for the second time, a stroke ahead of James Braid.


1897 Open Championship
This was the second Open to be played in England after the 1894 event staged at Royal St George's. It was also the last Open Championship with no qualifying and no cut. 88 players entered including 20 amateurs. Royal Liverpool was the home club of many of the leading amateurs of the day including John Ball, Jr. and Hilton, both of whom had already won the Championship.


1897 Open Championship
After the first round Ball and Sandy Herd led with scores of 78, with David Brown and Freddie Tait on 79. There were two outstanding rounds in the afternoon. Braid scored 74 gave him the lead on 154 while Hilton's 75 put him second on 155. Tait was third on 158. J.H. Taylor and Harry Vardon were a disappointing 8 and 10 strokes behind the leader.


1897 Open Championship
Despite a few withdrawals, 39 pairs started on the final day. Under the new proposed cut rule, to be introduced in 1898, the field would have been reduced to a more comfortable 41. The leaders had poor third rounds which meant for a close position after the morning's play. Braid led by two from Herd, George Pulford and Tait with Hilton a further stroke behind and Brown and Tom Vardon five behind the leader.


1897 Open Championship
Tait was the early leader after a 79 gave him a score of 317 but this was bettered by a round of 75 by Hilton to give him the lead on 314. Hilton had scored just 18 on the opening five holes. Disappointing front nines from Herd and Pulford put them out of contention, leaving only Braid with a chance to match Hilton. After a three at the 15th, Baird reached the 16th tee needing 14 to tie with Hilton. However, with his third shot at the long 16th, he chipped over the green and he took six. He had a long putt at the last to tie but missed and finished a shot behind Hilton. With more withdrawals on the final day only 52 players completed the 72 holes, two players finishing 53 strokes behind the winner.


1897 Open Championship, Final leaderboard
As an amateur Hinton received "£30 in plate" in addition to the "Championship Cup" and "Gold Medal". The prize-money for the professionals was reduced accordingly to £60. This arrangement had been introduced after the 1892 Open Championship which was also won by Hilton.


1897 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1897 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team represented Oregon Agricultural College (now known as Oregon State University) as an independent during the 1897 college football season. In their second, non-consecutive year under head coach Will Bloss, the Aggies compiled a perfect 5–0 record, shut out four of five opponents, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 164 to 8.


1897 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team
The Aggies defeated Oregon (26–8) and Washington (16–0). Daniel Bodine was the team captain.


1897 Oregon Webfoots football team
The 1897 Oregon Webfoots football team represented the University of Oregon in the 1897 college football season. It was the Webfoots' fourth season, they competed as an independent and were led by head coach Joe Smith. They finished the season with a record of one win and one loss (1–1).


1897 Paris–Roubaix
The 1897 Paris–Roubaix was the second edition of the Paris–Roubaix, a classic one-day cycle race in France. The single day event was held on 18 April 1897 and stretched 280 km (174 mi) from Paris to its end in a velodrome in Roubaix. The winner was Maurice Garin, an Italian who lived in France.


1897 Penn Quakers football team
The 1897 Penn Quakers football team represented the University of Pennsylvania in the 1897 college football season. The team finished with a 15–0 record and was retroactively named as the national champion by the Billingsley Report, Helms Athletic Foundation, Houlgate System, and National Championship Foundation, and as a co-national champion by Parke H. Davis. They outscored their opponents 463 to 20.


1897 Penn Quakers football team, Legacy
Head coach George Washington Woodruff and players Truxtun Hare, John Minds, and John H. Outland are all inductees of the College Football Hall of Fame. Outland is the namesake of the Outland Trophy, awarded annually to the best college football interior lineman. The Quakers' 15 wins in a single season would not be equalled until the 2018 Clemson Tigers.


1897 Penn State football team
The 1897 Penn State football team was an American football team that represented Pennsylvania State College—now known as Pennsylvania State University–as an independent during the 1897 college football season. The team was coached by Samuel B. Newton and played its home games on Beaver Field in University Park, Pennsylvania.


1897 Petersfield by-election
The 1897 Petersfield by-election was held on 8 June 1897 after the death of the incumbent Conservative MP William Wickham. The seat was retained by the Conservative candidate William Graham Nicholson.


1897 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 Philadelphia Phillies season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 Philippine Supreme Council elections
On November 1, 1897, the Republic of Biak-na-Bato was established in the cave of Biak-na-Bato, San Miguel de Mayumo, Bulacan. A special election was called for the new Supreme Council to oversee the newly established government on November 2, 1897 in the Philippines.


1897 Philippine Supreme Council elections, Pact of Biak-na-Bato
On December 14, 1897, the Pact of Biak-na-Bato was signed. Under the pact, Aguinaldo agreed to end hostilities and to exile himself and the revolutionary leadership, in exchange for amnesty and cash 'indemnities' in the amount of 800,000 pesos. Aguinaldo took the money offered and, along with 34 other leaders of the rebellion, exiled himself in Hong Kong. The following were the officers of the Supreme Council that oversaw the pact. Emilio Aguinaldo was President and Mariano Trias, the Vice President. Other officials included Antonio Montenegro for Foreign Affairs, Isabelo Artacho for the Interior, Baldomero Aguinaldo for the Treasury, and Emiliano Riego de Dios for War.


1897 Pittsburgh College football team
The 1897 Pittsburgh College football team was an American football team that represented Pittsburgh Catholic College of the Holy Ghost—now known as Duquesne University—during the 1897 college football season. J. P. Wolfe served in his first and only season as the team's head coach.


1897 Pittsburgh Pirates season
The 1897 Pittsburgh Pirates season was the 16th season of the Pittsburgh Pirates franchise; their 11th in the National League. The Pirates finished eighth in the league standings with a record of 60–71.


1897 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 Pittsburgh Pirates season, Uniforms
The team wore white and brown uniforms at home and gray and brown on the road.


1897 Portuguese legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 2 May 1897. Boycotted by the Portuguese Republican Party, they resulted in a victory for the Progressive Party, which won 88 seats.


1897 Prince Edward Island general election
The 1897 Prince Edward Island general election was held in the Canadian Province of Prince Edward Island on 28 July 1897.


1897 Princeton Tigers football team
The 1897 Princeton Tigers football team represented Princeton University in the 1897 college football season. The team finished with a 10–1 record. The Tigers won their first ten games by a combined score of 339 to 0, but then lost the last game of the season by a 6–0 score against Yale. Two Princeton players, halfback Addison Kelly and end Garrett Cochran, were consensus first-team honorees on the 1897 College Football All-America Team.


1897 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1897 Purdue Boilermakers football team was an American football team that represented Purdue University during the 1897 Western Conference football season. The Boilermakers compiled a 5–3–1 record but were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 108 to 106 in their first season under head coach William W. Church. W. S. Moore was the team captain.


1897 Quebec general election
The 1897 Quebec general election was held on May 11, 1897, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada. The Quebec Liberal Party, led by Félix-Gabriel Marchand, defeated the incumbent Quebec Conservative Party, led by Edmund James Flynn.


1897 Quebec general election
This marked the start of over 39 consecutive years in power for the Liberals. The Conservative Party never held power again in Quebec, and ceased to exist in 1936 when it merged with the Action libérale nationale to form the Union Nationale, which formed a government later that year.


1897 Quebec general election
Marchand died in office in 1900, and was succeeded by Simon-Napoléon Parent as Liberal leader and premier.


1897 Red River flood
The 1897 Red River flood took place in April 1897, along the Red River resulting in significant damage to the city of Fargo, North Dakota. The conditions which led to the flood of 1897 were similar to the conditions behind the 2009 flood, however the 1897 flood was different in terms of the human response to it.


1897 Red River flood
Although the river gauge was not installed on the Red River until 1901, other sources indicate that the crest of the 1897 flood at a site 1.5 miles (2.4 km) downstream from the present Fargo gauge would have been 40.10 ft (with a discharge rate of 25,000 ft3/s) according to the present datum.


1897 Red River flood
Until the 2009 flood, the 1897 flood was the highest water recorded in the Fargo-Moorhead area and has since served as the benchmark for which many other floods of the Red River were measured against.


1897 Red River flood, Causes
In the spring of 1897 R.M. Probesfield took a measurement of 5 feet (1.5 m) of snow on the ground in an area which was free from drifting; a value 2 feet (0.61 m) higher than one taken prior to the 1861 flood. Due to the level of measured snowfall a flood in the spring was expected.


1897 Rhode Island Rams football team
The 1897 Rhode Island Rams football team represented the University of Rhode Island in the 1897 college football season. It was the third season in school history. Rhode Island finished the season with a record of 1–2. Their second game against Connecticut was the first game in the Rhode Island–UConn football rivalry.


1897 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
The 1897 Rhode Island gubernatorial election was held on April 7, 1897. Republican nominee Elisha Dyer Jr. defeated Democratic nominee Daniel T. Church with 58.11% of the vote.


1897 Richmond Spiders football team
The 1897 Richmond Spiders football team was an American football team that represented Richmond College—now known as the University of Richmond—as an independent during the 1897 college football season. Led by Bill Wertenbaker in his first and only year as head coach, Richmond compiled a record of 3–5.


1897 Romford by-election
The 1897 Romford by-election was held on 1 February 1897 after the retirement of the incumbent Conservative MP Alfred Money Wigram. The seat was retained by the Conservative Party candidate Louis Sinclair.


1897 Rush Medical football team
The 1897 Rush Medical football team was an American football team that represented Rush Medical College in the 1897 college football season. The medics compiled a 1–4–2 record, and were outscored by their opponents 62 to 14.


1897 Rutgers Queensmen football team
The 1897 Rutgers Queensmen football team was an American football team that represented Rutgers University during the 1897 college football season. The 1897 Rutgers team compiled a 2–7 record and was outscored by opponents by a combined total of 128 to 38. John C. B. Pendleton was the team's coach, and F. K. W. Drury was the team captain.


1897 SAFA season
The 1897 South Australian Football Association season was the 21st edition of the top level of Australian rules football to be played in South Australia. Port Adelaide won its 3rd premiership.


1897 SAFA season
This was the first season of football in South Australia where behinds contributed to the total score, not just goals.


1897 SAFA season
In winning the 1897 SAFA premiership, Port Adelaide achieved the rare feat of going from last the previous year to first.


1897 SAFA season
Port Natives informed the SAFA at a meeting on Monday 26 Oct 1896 that they were changing their name to West Torrens.


1897 SAFA season
West Adelaide Football Club joined the SAFA after their application was approved by 6 votes to 4 against at a meeting held on 5 April 1897.


1897 SAFA season, Ladder
1 The Round 19 match between West Torrens and West Adelaide at Kensington Oval was abandoned as a draw at quarter time after torrential rain flooded the ground (scores at the time were West Torrens 1 goal 1 behind to West Adelaide 1 goal).


1897 San Diego mayoral election
The 1897 San Diego mayoral election was held on April 6, 1897 to elect the mayor for San Diego. Daniel C. Reed was elected Mayor with a plurality of the votes.


1897 San Diego mayoral election, Campaign
Incumbent Mayor William H. Carlson stood for re-election to a third two-year term as an independent. His re-election was contested by Daniel C. Reed, a Republican, C.F. Holland, a Democrat, and A.C. Mouser, a Populist. In addition to the partisan candidates, three others contested the election as independents.


1897 San Diego mayoral election, Campaign
On April 6, 1897, Reed was elected mayor with a plurality of 39.2 percent of the vote. Holland came in second with 26.2 percent of the vote, followed by the incumbent Carlson with 17.5 percent.


1897 Sewanee Tigers football team
The 1897 Sewanee Tigers football team represented the Sewanee Tigers of Sewanee: The University of the South during the 1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season.


1897 Sheffield Brightside by-election
The 1897 Sheffield Brightside by-election was held on 6 August 1897 due to the death of the incumbent Liberal MP Anthony John Mundella. It was won by the Liberal-Labour candidate Frederick Maddison,


1897 South Carolina Gamecocks football team
The 1897 South Carolina Gamecocks football team represented the University of South Carolina during the 1897 college football season. After this season, South Carolina did not have another winless season until 1999.


1897 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team
The 1897 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team was an American football team that represented South Dakota State University as an independent during the 1897 college football season. In their first season since 1889, they played in one game, a 0–22 loss against Sioux Falls.


1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
The 1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season was the college football games played by the members schools of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association as part of the 1897 college football season


1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
The season began on October 2. Conference play began on October 9 with Georgia shutting out Clemson 24–0 in Athens.


1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
After the Sewanee game, Coach R. G. Acton's Vanderbilt Commodores claimed the program's first ever conference title. This was followed by a challenge met by the other southern team to claim a championship, South Atlantic school Virginia; which claims seven prior championships of the South. The game ended a 0–0 tie. Said Coach Acton, "It was the best game ever played in the South." Vanderbilt held all opponents scoreless.


1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
The Texas Longhorns averaged the most points per game in the conference.


1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
The 1897 season was one in which a member school, Tulane University, was barred from intercollegiate football participation by SIAA President, Dr. Dudley. This was part of a sanction handed down in response to the LSU game the previous season in which Tulane was forced to forfeit for having fielded an ineligible player.


1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
The season was also notable for the game Virginia played against Georgia, featuring the death of Richard Von Albade Gammon.


1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season, Season overview, Results and team statistics
PPG = Average of points scored per gamePAG = Average of points allowed per game


1897 St. Louis Browns season
The 1897 St. Louis Browns season was the team's 16th season in St. Louis, Missouri and its 6th season in the National League. The Browns went 29–102 during the season and finished 12th in the National League.


1897 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 St. Louis Browns season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 St. Viateur football team
The 1897 St. Viateur football team was an American football team that represented St. Viateur College in the 1897 college football season. The team compiled a 3–1 record and outscored their opponents by a total of 68 to 64.


1897 St. Viateur football team, Game summary
A game summary in the Daily Inter Ocean stated the contest was dull, uninteresting, and featureless. The article exclaimed, "at no stage of the game was Notre Dame's goal line in danger." One positive point mentioned by the newspaper was for St. Viateur's exemplary tackling.


1897 Stanford football team
The 1897 Stanford football team represented Stanford University in the 1897 college football season and was coached by George H. Brooke in his only year coaching the team. The team played the Reliance Athletic Club team four times and ended the season with its annual Thanksgiving Day game against California, winning 28–0, the biggest margin of victory yet in the seven-year Big Game  series. At this point in the series, Stanford had won 4 and tied 3 with no losses.


1897 State of the Union Address
The 1897 State of the Union Address was written on Monday, December 6, 1897, by President William McKinley, the 25th president of the United States. It was his first State of the Union Address, and was read to both houses of the 55th United States Congress. He began with, "A matter of genuine satisfaction is the growing feeling of fraternal regard and unification of all sections of our country, the incompleteness of which has too long delayed realization of the highest blessings of the Union. The spirit of patriotism is universal and is ever increasing in fervor." It took time for the Southern states to feel united with the Northern states, and for the Western states to feel united with the eastern states.


1897 Storrs Aggies football team
The 1897 Storrs Aggies football team represented Storrs Agricultural College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1897 college football season. This was the second year that the school fielded a football team. The Aggies completed the season with a record of 5–2, playing for the first time as a member of the Athletic League of New England State Colleges, which served to facilitate scheduling between Connecticut, the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the University of Rhode Island. The 1897 season marked the first contests against these two rivals.


1897 Svenska Mästerskapet
The 1897 Svenska Mästerskapet was the second season of Svenska Mästerskapet, the football Cup to determine the Swedish champions. Örgryte IS won the tournament by defeating its reserve team Örgryte IS II in the final with a 1–0 score.


1897 Swarthmore Quakers football team
The 1897 Swarthmore Quakers football team was an American football team that represented Swarthmore College as an independent during the 1897 college football season. The team compiled a 7–3–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 114 to 60. Jacob K. Shell was the head coach.


1897 Swiss referendums
Three referendums were held in Switzerland during 1897. The first was held on 28 February on a federal law establishing a Central Bank, and was rejected by a majority of voters. The second and third were held on 11 July concerning an amendment to article 24 of the constitution and on legislation on potentially harmful foodstuffs and stimulants. Both were approved by a majority of voters and cantons.


1897 Swiss referendums, Background
The referendums on the constitutional amendment and the foodstuffs legislation were mandatory referendums, which required a double majority; a majority of the popular vote and majority of the cantons. The decision of each canton was based on the vote in that canton. Full cantons counted as one vote, whilst half cantons counted as half. The Central Bank referendum was an optional referendum, which required only a majority of the public vote.


1897 Syracuse Orangemen football team
The 1897 Syracuse Orangemen football team represented Syracuse University during the 1897 college football season. The head coach was Frank E. Wade, coaching his first season with the Orangemen.


1897 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1897 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The 1897 Volunteers were the fifth official Tennessee team to take the field. This was also their second season in the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA). They played five games and won four.


1897 Texas A&M Aggies football team
The 1897 Texas A&M Aggies football team represented Texas A&M during the 1897 college football season.


1897 Texas Longhorns baseball team
The 1897 Texas Longhorns baseball team represented the Texas Longhorns baseball program for the University of Texas in the 1897 college baseball season. F. Weikart coached the team in his 1st season at Texas.


1897 Texas Longhorns football team
The 1897 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season.


1897 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1897 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the eighth staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.


1897 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
Suir View won the championship after a receiving a walkover from Horse & Jockey in the final replay. It remains their only championship title.


1897 Trinity Bantams football team
The 1897 Trinity Bantams football team represented the Trinity College during the 1897 college football season. The team was led by first-year head coach Everett J. Lake. A. S. Woodle was captain.


1897 U.S. National Championships (tennis)
List of champions of the 1897 U.S. National Championships tennis tournament (now known as the US Open). The men's tournament was held from 16 August to 23 August on the outdoor grass courts at the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Island. The women's tournament was held from 15 June to 19 June on the outdoor grass courts at the Philadelphia Cricket Club in Philadelphia, PA. It was the 18th U.S. National Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year.


1897 U.S. National Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Singles
Robert Wrenn defeated  Wilberforce Eaves  4–6, 8–6, 6–3, 2–6, 6–2


1897 U.S. National Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's Singles
Juliette Atkinson defeated  Elisabeth Moore  6–3, 6–3, 4–6, 3–6, 6–3


1897 U.S. National Championships (tennis), Finals, Men's Doubles
Leo Ware /  George Sheldon defeated  Harold Mahony /  Harold Nisbet 11–13, 6–2, 9–7, 1–6, 6–1


1897 U.S. National Championships (tennis), Finals, Women's Doubles
Juliette Atkinson /  Kathleen Atkinson defeated  Mrs. Edwards /  Elizabeth Rastall 6–2, 6–1, 6–1


1897 U.S. National Championships (tennis), Finals, Mixed Doubles
Laura Henson /  D.L. Magruder defeated  Maud Banks /  B.L.C. Griffith 6–4, 6–3, 7–5


1897 U.S. National Championships – Men's Singles
Robert Wrenn defeated Wilberforce Eaves in the challenge round final 4–6, 8–6, 6–3, 2–6, 6–2 to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1897 U.S. National Championships. A delegation of British players including reigning Wimbledon champion Eaves competed at this year's U.S. championships.


1897 U.S. National Championships – Women's Singles
Juliette Atkinson won the singles tennis title by defeating reigning champion Elisabeth Moore 6–3, 6–3, 4–6, 3–6, 6–3 in the Challenge Round of the 1897 U.S. Women's National Singles Championship, reversing the result of the previous Championships. Atkinson had won the right to challenge Moore by defeating Edith Kenderdine 6–2, 6–4, 6–0 in the final of the All Comers' competition. The event was played on outdoor grass courts and held at the Philadelphia Cricket Club in Wissahickon Heights, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia from June 15 through June 19, 1897.


1897 U.S. Open (golf)
The 1897 U.S. Open was the third U.S. Open, held September 17 at Chicago Golf Club in Wheaton, Illinois, a suburb west of Chicago. Joe Lloyd won his only major title by one stroke over runner-up Willie Anderson.


1897 U.S. Open (golf)
Following the first round on Friday morning, Anderson began the final round in the afternoon four clear of Lloyd, who shot a 79 over the last 18 holes to Anderson's 84 to finish a stroke ahead. Lloyd's win was capped by a three at the 461-yard (422 m) finishing hole. Anderson needed a four at the last to tie Lloyd; he reached the green in three, but his putt came up 6 feet (1.8 m) short. Anderson waited four more years for first of his record four U.S. Open titles in five years.


1897 U.S. Open (golf)
This was the last year that the U.S. Open and U.S. Amateur championships were played simultaneously on the same course. It was the last time the U.S. Open was only 36 holes total, doubling to 72 holes in 1898.


1897 U.S. Open (golf), Round summaries, Final round
Amateurs: Whigham (173), Macdonald (174), Tyng (177), Douglas (180),                 Stewart (181), Emmet (188), Smith (189), Keene (192),                 Reid (194), Sweny (194), Bowers (199).


1897 USC Methodists football team
The 1897 USC Methodists football team was an American football team that represented the University of Southern California during the 1897 college football season. The team competed as an independent under head coach Lewis R. Freeman, compiling a 5–1 record.


1897 USFSA Football Championship
Statistics of the USFSA Football Championship in the 1897 season.


1897 United States House of Representatives elections
There were eight special elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1897 during the 55th United States Congress, which began on March 4, 1897. None of the special elections in 1897 were during the 54th United States Congress, which ended March 3, 1897.


1897 United States Senate election in New York
The 1897 United States Senate election in New York was held on January 19, 1897, by the New York State Legislature to elect a U.S. Senator (Class 3) to represent the State of New York in the United States Senate.


1897 United States Senate election in New York, Background
Democrat David B. Hill had been elected to this seat in 1891 and his term was set expire on March 3, 1897.


1897 United States Senate election in New York, Background, Composition of the legislature
At the State election in November 1895, 36 Republicans and 14 Democrats were elected for a three-year term (1896–1898) in the state senate. At the State election in November 1896, 114 Republicans and 36 Democrats were elected for the session of 1897 to the Assembly. The 120th New York State Legislature met from January 6 to April 24, 1897, at Albany, New York.


1897 United States Senate election in New York, Candidates, Republican caucus
The Republican caucus met on January 14. 149 State legislators attended, and State Senator Cornelius R. Parsons (43rd D.), Ex-Mayor of Rochester, presided. The caucus nominated the Republican boss Thomas C. Platt, who had been briefly a U.S. Senator in 1881, on the first ballot.


1897 United States Senate election in New York, Candidates, Democratic caucus
The Democratic caucus met on January 18. 46 State legislators attended, but 5 walked out before the roll was called, after making speeches against Hill. The incumbent U.S. Senator David B. Hill was re-nominated.


1897 United States Senate election in New York, Result
Thomas C. Platt was the choice of both the Assembly and the state senate, and was declared elected. Four anti-Hill Democrats voted for Labor leader Henry George who later the same year ran for Mayor of New York as a "Jefferson Democrat" but died a few days before the election.


1897 United States Senate election in New York, Result
Note: The votes were cast on January 19, but both Houses met in a joint session on January 20 to compare nominations, and declare the result.


1897 United States Senate election in New York, Aftermath
Platt was re-elected in 1903, and served two terms, remaining in the U.S. Senate until March 3, 1909.


1897 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
The 1897 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania was held on January 19, 1897. Boies Penrose was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.


1897 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, Results
Incumbent Republican J. Donald Cameron, who was elected in an 1877 special election and subsequently re-elected in 1879, 1885 and 1891, was not a candidate for re-election to another term. The Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, convened on January 19, 1897, to elect a new Senator to fill the term beginning on March 4, 1897. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:


1897 United States Senate election in South Carolina
The 1897 South Carolina United States Senate election was a unanimous election of the Democratic nominee on January 26, 1897 to select the U.S. Senator from the state of South Carolina. The Democratic primary election was held on August 26, 1896 and September 9. Prior to the ratification of the 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution, U.S. Senators were elected by the state legislature and not through the direct election by the people of the state. However, the Democratic Party of South Carolina organized primary elections for the U.S. Senate beginning in 1896 and the General Assembly would confirm the choice of the Democratic voters. Conservative Democratic Joseph H. Earle won the Democratic primary and was elected by the General Assembly for a six-year term.


1897 United States Senate election in South Carolina, Democratic primary
In 1896, Governor of South Carolina John Gary Evans entered the first ever election in the state of South Carolina for the U.S. Senate. He had the backing of Senator Ben Tillman and much of the farming interests in the state. However, the farmers' movement had largely run its course and the Tillmanite reform movement had angered a considerable number of voters in the state. Conservative Joseph H. Earle and Newberry native John T. Duncan announced their candidacy's in opposition to Governor Evans.


1897 United States Senate election in South Carolina, Democratic primary
In the primary on August 26 Evans emerged as the frontrunner, but did not garner over 50% of the vote and was forced to face Earle in a runoff election. Those who had voted for Duncan threw their support to Earle and it provided him with the margin he needed for victory over Evans.


1897 United States gubernatorial elections
United States gubernatorial elections were held in 1897, in five states.


1897 United States gubernatorial elections
Virginia holds its gubernatorial elections in odd numbered years, every 4 years, following the United States presidential election year. Massachusetts and Rhode Island at this time held gubernatorial elections every year, which they would abandon in 1920 and 1912, respectively. Iowa and Ohio at this time held gubernatorial elections in every odd numbered year.


1897 University of Utah football team
The 1897 University of Utah football team was an American football team that represented the University of Utah during the 1897 college football season as an independent. Head coach Byron Cummings led the team to a 1–5 record.


1897 VFA season
The 1897 Victorian Football Association season was the 21st season of the Australian rules football competition. The premiership was won by the Port Melbourne Football Club, the first premiership in its history.


1897 VFA season
The 1897 season the VFA's first season as the second-tier senior football competition in Victoria. From 1877 until 1896, the VFA had been the top senior competition in the colony, but at the end of 1896, eight of the association's strongest clubs broke away, establishing the rival Victorian Football League, which immediately assumed the position as the highest level of competition.


1897 VFA season, Association membership
During the 1890s, there was an off-field power struggle within the VFA between the stronger and weaker clubs, as the stronger clubs sought greater administrative control commensurate with their relative financial contribution to the game.


1897 VFA season, Association membership
This came to a head during 1896 when it was proposed that gate profits, which were always lower in matches against the weaker clubs, be shared equally amongst the Association clubs; in response to the threat that this could be endorsed on the votes of the weaker clubs, six of the strongest clubs – Collingwood, Essendon, Fitzroy, Geelong, Melbourne and South Melbourne – seceded from the VFA, inviting Carlton and St Kilda to join them, to form a rival senior competition, the Victorian Football League. The League became recognised as the highest level of senior competition in the colony of Victoria, and the Association became the second-tier senior competition, a position it has maintained since.


1897 VFA season, Association membership
The establishment of the League left only five of the Association's existing senior competing clubs: Footscray, North Melbourne, Port Melbourne, Richmond and Williamstown. The VFL gave those five clubs the opportunity to compete as a junior competition under and without representation on the VFL's administration, but they rejected the offer and continued as an independent body. One junior club, Brunswick, was elevated to senior status to bring the numbers to six. The Argus reported in March that two other junior clubs would be elevated to bring numbers to eight, with Essendon District, Brighton, Hawksburn, Hawthorn or Geelong all cited as potential candidates, but this did not eventuate and the association size remained at six teams until 1899.


1897 VFA season, Association membership
The three Ballarat-based clubs – Ballarat, Ballarat Imperial and South Ballarat – had been members of the Association with representation on the Board of Management, but had not actively competed for the Association premiership. As there was no longer a strong administrative benefit to belonging to the weakened Association, those clubs also ended their affiliations prior to 1897.


1897 VFA season, Association membership
A committee set up in 1896 prior to the secession, featuring delegates both from teams which did secede and teams which did not, developed a series of rule changes which were implemented in 1897: however, since the rules were not adopted until after the secession, the two bodies elected to adopt some slightly different rule changes. Key changes were:


1897 VFA season, Notable events, Representative games
The Association played one representative match during 1897, against the Ballarat Football Association at the Eastern Oval on 31 July.


1897 VFL finals series
The Victorian Football League's 1897 finals series determined the top four final positions of the 1897 VFL season. It began on the weekend of August 21, 1897, and ended on the weekend of September 3, 1897. Essendon was crowned the 1897 VFL premiers, finishing the finals series on top of the mini-ladder.


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, Abandoned systems
When the VFL was initially established at the end of 1896, it immediately announced that a finals series would be played. However, there were two other announcements of different finals formats, before the system used was ultimately decided upon late in the season.


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, Abandoned systems
The format that was originally announced in October 1896 was that after fourteen weeks of home-and-away matches, a finals series would be played as a simple four-team knock out tournament amongst the top four clubs, and the gate takings from the semi-finals would be donated to charity.


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, Abandoned systems
By February 1897, the knock-out tournament had been abandoned in favour of a system that bore some similarities to the Page–McIntyre system which would ultimately come into use in 1931. In it, matches were to be played as follows:


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, Abandoned systems
Drawn matches would be decided by twenty minutes of extra time, or if still drawn after extra time, by a replay the following week.


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, Abandoned systems
It was realized during the season that this finals system was not entirely fair, particularly since the results of the first week of finals were somewhat meaningless; nevertheless, the league was prepared to proceed with the system right up to its scheduled commencement on 14 August. However, when inclement weather on that weekend forced the postponement of the charity round, the league used this opportunity to abandon this finals system and develop a new one.


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, 1897 finals system
On 17 August 1897, a new system was decided upon. The new system comprised a round-robin amongst the top four, with the provision for a play-off match for the premiership depending on the results of that round-robin. The finals system was as follows:


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, 1897 finals system
As originally planned, the takings for the first week of the finals were donated to charity; the remaining takings were divided amongst the league.


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, 1897 finals system, Venue controversy
A point of contention was the venue for the finals matches.


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, 1897 finals system, Venue controversy
The venues were originally to be drawn by lot, but in early August, the league decided to fix the venues in advance, and in doing so did not schedule a final at Geelong's home ground of Corio Oval, which offered much lower gate takings than the four venues in Melbourne where the matches were originally scheduled (the MCG, the Brunswick Street Oval, the Lake Oval and the East Melbourne Cricket Ground).


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, 1897 finals system, Venue controversy
This decision was later reversed after Geelong, who had won the minor premiership, lodged an official complaint with the league stating that this arrangement would be unfair to the club and its supporters.


1897 VFL finals series, Finals system, 1897 finals system, Venue controversy
The league agreed with this assessment, and when the finals system was determined on August 17, Geelong was scheduled to host its match in the first week.


1897 VFL finals series, Matches, Week one, First round final (Geelong vs. Essendon)
Essendon staged a tremendous last quarter fightback to beat Geelong by a goal. Geelong were unable to stop an Essendon comeback in which Tod Collins and Arthur Cleghorn reduced the deficit to a goal, before an error by Geelong player Henry Young let Colin Campbell in for the equalising goal. Essendon player Harry Wright scored a goal soon after and the game was sealed.


1897 VFL finals series, Matches, Week one, First round final (Melbourne vs. Collingwood)
Collingwood narrowly defeated Melbourne in probably the finest game of the season. Collingwood's form had vastly improved, although the Melbourne side was sadly depleted through injuries.


1897 VFL finals series, Matches, Week two, Second round final (Essendon vs Collingwood)
Essendon played brilliantly to account for Collingwood, kicking five goals five to three points in the final term. Essendon became the only unbeaten team after round two.


1897 VFL finals series, Matches, Week two, Second round final (Geelong vs Melbourne)
Geelong finished the stronger to down Melbourne, with a goal by Eddy James near the end winning the game for them. The loss eliminated Melbourne from premiership contention.


1897 VFL finals series, Matches, Week three, Third round final (Essendon vs Melbourne)
Entering this game, Essendon could clinch the premiership with a victory, while Melbourne was already eliminated from premiership contention. In the low-scoring encounter, Melbourne hit the post three times and a goal by Essendon player Waugh was disallowed after the bell. Edgar Croft scored the only goal of the match after marking a skewed kick in the forward pocket. The match set, and still holds, the record as the lowest-scoring in the history of the VFL/AFL, with only 22 points scored between the two teams; and, Essendon's 1.8 (14) also remains the lowest winning score in league history.


1897 VFL finals series, Matches, Week three, Third round final (Geelong vs Collingwood)
Entering this game, it was known that if Essendon lost to Melbourne in the other match (played at the same time), then the winner of this match would face Essendon in a playoff the following week to decide the premiership. Geelong's brilliant first-quarter burst meant Collingwood's chances of making it back into the match were near impossible. However, in a thrilling match, Geelong ran out winners by less than a goal.


1897 VFL finals series, Premiership finals teams
These are the finals teams for the top two teams in the round-robin series; and, rather than being "Grand Finalists" (because there was no Grand Final match in 1897), they played to decide the premiership. The players that are listed are players used in any one of the three round-robin finals played.


1897 VFL finals series, Premiership finals teams, Essendon
The players listed below are in no particular order, however the captain and vice-captain appear first.


1897 VFL finals series, Premiership finals teams, Geelong
The players listed below are in no particular order, however the captain appears first.


1897 VFL season
The 1897 Victorian Football League season was the inaugural season of the Victorian Football League and saw eight teams play in the first season. After fourteen rounds was played in the regular seasons, the top four teams played in a three-week final series, with Essendon claiming the premiership after they won all three of their games, finishing ahead of minor premiers Geelong.


1897 VFL season, Premiership season
In 1897, the VFL competition consisted of eight teams of 20 on-the-field players each, with no "reserves" (although any of the 20 players who had left the playing field for any reason could later resume their place on the field at any time during the match).


1897 VFL season, Premiership season
Each team played each other twice in a home-and-away season of 14 rounds.


1897 VFL season, Premiership season
Once the 14 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1897 VFL Premiers were determined according to the conditions dictated by the specific format and conventions of the 1897 Finals System, which was used in this season only. A round-robin finals series would not be used again until 1924, and has not been used since then.


1897 VFL season, Win/Loss table
Bold – Home gameX – ByeOpponent for round listed above margin


1897 VFL season, Grand final
Essendon won the premiership for finishing on top of the round-robin finals ladder; no Grand Final was played.


1897 VFL season, Grand final
See List of Australian Football League premiers for a complete list.


1897 VMI Keydets football team
The 1897 VMI Keydets football team represented the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in their seventh season of organized football. The Keydets went 3–2 under first-year head coach R. N. Groner.


1897 VPI football team
The 1897 VPI football team represented Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute in the 1897 college football season. The team was led by their head coach Charles Firth and finished with a record of five wins and two losses (5–2).


1897 VPI football team, Players
The following players were members of the 1897 football team according to the roster published in the 1898 and 1903 editions of The Bugle, the Virginia Tech yearbook.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
The 1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represent Vanderbilt University during the 1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. Vanderbilt was in its eighth season of playing football; coached by R. G. Acton. The Commodores finished  the season without being scored on. Vanderbilt played in the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) and won the SIAA Championship, the first claimed in school history.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Kentucky U
The season opened with a 22–0 defeat of Kentucky University


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Central
On October 16, Vanderbilt had a hard time defeating Central of Kentucky.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Kentucky State
Vanderbilt rolled up a 50–0 score over Kentucky State. The starting lineup was Boogher (left end), McAlister (left tackle), Whitemore (left guard), Brown (center), Hassett (right guard), Langhorst (right tackle), Stringfield (right end), Cox (quarterback), Connell (left halfback), Dye (right halfback), Farrell (fullback).


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Kentucky State
In the second half of the Georgia–Virginia game in Atlanta, a Georgia fullback named Richard Von Albade ("Von") Gammon was fatally injured on a play. The Georgia, Georgia Tech and Mercer football teams soon disbanded. The Atlanta Journal ran a headline; "Death Knell of Football" and the Georgia legislature passed a bill to outlaw football in the state of Georgia. Practically ever other Southern team followed in discontinuing its football program.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, North Carolina
On November 6, the Commodores beat the Tar Heels 31–0 .


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Sewanee
A shocking event occurred in 1897 at the Thanksgiving Day match with Sewanee on the original Dudley Field. The word "hell" had been used in the line of a popular cheer on campus by Vanderbilt students and spread into events as football. This caused uproar with the university administration and the city of Nashville. Both teams commenced to pass the ball around for the purpose of limbering up. Throughout this preliminary the students of both colleges gave their respective yells and sung their several songs written for the occasion.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Sewanee
There was one yell given with great frequency by the Vanderbilt students which was very offensive to decent people. It starts off "Hippity Huz, Hippity Huz; What in the hell is the matter with us." It had become so popular at Vanderbilt that it was in the minds and causes them to be oblivious to the fact that it was not exactly proper to shock refined ladies by such utterances.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Sewanee
Phil Connell and captain Howard Boogher dove to recover the ball after the victory.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Virginia
After the Sewanee game, all talk in Nashville was about Vanderbilt being the champions of the South. The other southern university with an outstanding season was the University of Virginia. The Cavaliers were 6–2 with losses to Navy and Pennsylvania. Virginia agreed to come to Nashville for a game on December 7 with a guarantee of $600, plus half of the net receipts. Virginia used only 15 players and traveled 26 hours on the train that brought them to Nashville. A crowd of 2,400 watched the game end, 0-0.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Virginia
The Nashville American reported, "Unquestionably it was the greatest game ever played in the South. The assaults on the line were terrific, the tackling was brutal, the entire play fierce. Only once was the 20-yard line of either team invaded. Almost immediately after McAlester kicked off, the terrors of the tandem play were displayed. This play meant to bend one side of the line so that the end, the tackle and the guard reinforced the four backs in their charges at the line. Whether the force was directed was not known."


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Virginia
Said Coach Acton, "It was the best game ever played in the South. Virginia was heavier and made most of her weight, using mass plays almost entirely. Our men played a more scientific game. My team can beat any team in America of the same weight." Vanderbilt's average weight was 165 pounds.


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Virginia
The starting lineup was Boogher (left end), McAlister (left tackle), Whitemore (left guard), Brown (center), Hassett (right guard), Langhorst (right tackle), Stringfield (right end), Goodson (quarterback), Connell (left halfback), Dye (right halfback), Farrell (fullback).


1897 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Post season
Vanderbilt and Virginia would share the southern title. The American also reported that, "The Vanderbilt players were in a jolly humor yesterday with their miniature football pinned upon the labels of their coats. Joe Goodson, quarterback, was apparently out of training from a large ten-cent cigar he smoked, a gift of Benjamin Childers of Pulaski. ` Tab' Farrell had his hair cut and other members were more or less changed in appearance."


1897 Vermont Green and Gold football team
The 1897 Vermont Green and Gold football team was an American football team that represented  the University of Vermont as an independent during the 1897 college football season. In their first year under head coach William Farrar, the team compiled a 3–0–2 record.


1897 Villanova Wildcats football team
The 1897 Villanova Wildcats football team represented Villanova University during the 1897 college football season.


1897 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 1897 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia in the 1897 college football season. Led by second-year coach Martin Bergen, the team went 6–2–1 and claims a Southern co-championship. The Cavaliers tied Vanderbilt in the southern championship game. The Georgia game saw the death of Richard Von Albade Gammon. The team's captain was James Morrison.


1897 Virginia gubernatorial election
The 1897 Virginia gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1897 to elect the governor of Virginia.


1897 WAFA season
The 1897 WAFA season was the 13th season of senior Australian rules football in Perth, Western Australia. West Perth won the premiership, their first, after remaining undefeated throughout the season. The Rovers team finished last and failed to field a team for the final rounds of the season, forfeiting several matches to their opponents. 1897 was also the final season that Imperials competed, when at the end of the season it was discovered that “many of the bills were unpaid and that creditors were clamorous”.


1897 WAFA season, Home-and-away season
In 1897, the WAFA competition consisted of four teams of 20 on-the-field players each with only two venues, the WACA Ground and Fremantle Oval being used to host matches. This season also saw the introduction of the rule stipulating that a mark could only be made at the distance of ten yards or more, leading to a more open game.


1897 WAFA season, Home-and-away season
When reporting match scores in 1897, the number of goals and behinds scored by each team is given; however, only the number of goals scored is considered when determining the result of a match. This was the final WAFA season before the introduction of the modern system of scoring, in which six points is awarded for a goal and one point is awarded for a behind.


1897 Walthamstow by-election
The Walthamstow by-election, 1897 was a parliamentary by-election held in England on 3 February 1897 for the House of Commons constituency of Walthamstow. The area  was then a division of Essex, and is now part of Greater London.


1897 Walthamstow by-election
The election was won by the Liberal-Labour candidate, after the seat had been held by the Conservative Party for 11 years.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Vacancy
The seat became vacant when Walthamstow's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Edmund Byrne QC was appointed as a judge of the Chancery Division of the High Court of Justice. This appointment disqualified him from sitting in parliament, triggering a by-election in Walthamstow.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Electoral history
The first Walthamstow constituency election in 1885 was won by the Liberals. In 1886 the seat was gained by the Conservatives and remained in their hands to 1897. Byrne had held the seat since the 1892 general election. The result at the previous general election was a comfortable victory for the Conservatives;


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Candidates
Byrne's appointment was reported in The Times newspaper on 15 January, and on the same day the paper reported that the Scotch whisky magnate Thomas Dewar had "kept himself in touch with the constituency" and might put his name forward as a possible Conservative candidate. The Walthamstow Central Liberal and Radical Association were initially undecided as to whether to contest the election, but were reported to be considering Arthur Pollen, who had been their candidate at the last general election, in 1895.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Candidates
On Monday 18 January, each of the parties held a meeting to consider their approach to the election. As expected, the Conservatives selected the 33-year-old Dewar, who had built his family business John Dewar & Sons into a global brand. The Liberals had not chosen  a candidate, but it was reported to be almost certain that they would contest the election.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Candidates
With the writ not expected until 22 January, the Liberals were holding nightly consultations on a choice of candidate and Dewar said that he wanted a contested election. Rumours circulated that the Liberals would ask the conservationist Edward Buxton, who had held the seat from 1885 to 1886, to stand again.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Candidates
Meanwhile, Arnold Hills, chairman of the Thames Ironworks shipbuilding company at Leamouth, announced that he would stand as a Unionist and temperance candidate in opposition to Dewar.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Candidates
Hills was a sportsman, philanthropist, and promoter of vegetarianism as well as a successful businessman. On 22 January he said that would definitely stand unless the Liberals fielded a candidate, in which case he would withdraw to avoid splitting the Conservative vote and risk handing the seat to the opposition.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Candidates
The High Sheriff of Essex announced on the 22nd that nominations would be taken on Thursday 28 January, and that polling would take place on 3 February. The next day, 23 January, the Executive of the Liberal Three Hundred met and selected  Sam Woods as their candidate. Woods was a coal miner from St Helens in Lancashire, and a prominent trade unionist who had been President of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain since its foundation in 1891. He had been elected in 1892 as the MP for the Ince division of Lancashire, but lost his seat in 1895. The Times newspaper reported that Woods was the best possible candidate for the Liberals, because he would have the support of the labour as well as all factions of the Liberals.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Candidates
Hills then stopped his election agent from setting up committee rooms for the campaign, which was taken as a sign that he would indeed stand aside. The selection of Woods was confirmed at a general meeting of the Liberal Three Hundred on 25 January,and Hill's withdrawal was formally announced the following day.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Campaign
Woods said he was an "ardent radical", but not a socialist, and that he supported extending the general principles of Sir William Harcourt's 1894 budget. Woods wanted no direct or indirect tax for anyone earning under £100 per year, and graduated taxes on higher incomes. He also supported the payment of a salary to MPs,who received no payment until 1911. His taxation proposals were scorned by  The Times, whose editorial on 26 January said that his proposal "should be worth a good many votes to his opponent".


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Campaign
In a speech at Leyton Town Hall on the 26th, Dewar spoke in favour of trade with the colonies, and excluding alien paupers. He returned to the latter theme on the Friday 29th, when he told a meeting at the Barclay Hall in Leytonstone that "Europe should be told that the East End of London was not the place for the refuse of the continent".


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Campaign
The two parties chose different approaches to electioneering. The Conservatives decided to concentrate on canvassing rather than public meetings, but the Liberals planned 28 meetings. Dewar set out canvassing in his coach and speaking in committee rooms, while the Liberals mounted a higher profile campaign. On Saturday 30th Woods took part in a joint meeting at Stratford Railway Works with Herbert Raphael, the Liberal candidate in the Romford by-election which was being held at the same time. Large numbers of workers from both constituencies were employed at Stratford.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Campaign
Woods had been chosen as a strong candidate. Several thousand Labour supporters in the constituency were believed never to have voted, a point which the Liberals had used to encourage him to stand. Sensing the opportunity, many prominent trade union and labour leaders came to Walthamstow to support Woods, including Joseph Havelock Wilson of the National Sailors' & Firemen's Union, as well as leaders of the General Labouers, the Carpenters and Joiner, the Gas Workers, Barge Builders and Marine Engineers unions.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Campaign
Woods opposed what he called the "Government's reactionary legislation", such as the Agricultural Rating Act, its proposals for education, and asking India to contribute to cost of Kitchener's expedition to the Sudan. He supported a range of what were then radical ideas; the abolition of the House of Lords power to veto legislation, one man, one vote in elections, the Irish people to control their own domestic affairs, site value taxation, radical reform of land laws, reform of secondary education, and improved housing. On the temperance issue, which divided Liberals, Woods supported local control over licensing, but objected to tied houses. Fearing constraints on their business, the Essex Licence Holders association decided to support Dewar, and to send a representative into the area to try to organise the licensed trade.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Campaign
No big controversy developed between the candidates. Irish Home Rule, which had split the Liberals in the 1880s, was only a secondary issue in the election addresses.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Result
Arrangements had been made to count the votes on polling night,rather than wait until the next day. The counting took place in Walthamstow Town Hall, where the results announced shortly after midnight: Woods won,with a majority of 279 votes. His victory came as a surprise, because the Liberals had never expected to win the seat.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Aftermath
Woods held the seat until the next general election, in October 1900, when he was defeated by the Conservative David Morgan. His health failed in 1904, and he died in 1915.


1897 Walthamstow by-election, Aftermath
Dewar was elected in 1900 as the MP for St George, Tower Hamlets, and knighted in 1902. He  stood down at the 1906 election. He expanded his business to form the Distillers Company, was ennobled in 1919 as Baron Dewar, and died in 1930.


1897 Washington & Jefferson football team
The 1897 Washington & Jefferson football team was an American football team that represented Washington & Jefferson College as an independent during the 1897 college football season. Led by Clinton Woods in his second and final year as head coach, the team compiled a record of 10–1, shutting out their opponents in all ten victories.


1897 Washington Agricultural football team
The 1897 Washington Agricultural football team was an American football team that represented Washington Agricultural College during the 1897 college football season. The team competed as an independent under head coach Robert Gailey and compiled a record of 2–0.


1897 Washington Senators season
The 1897 Washington Senators baseball team finished the season with a 61–71 record, tied for sixth place in the National League. The Senators (also known as the Nationals) finished in the first division in the only time in the franchise's nine-year run in the National League. After getting off to a dismal 31–55 start, Washington won 30 of its last 46 games. Their overall winning percentage (.462) would be the high-water mark for this franchise before it folded in contraction at the conclusion of the 1899 season.


1897 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1897 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1897 Washington and Lee Generals football team
The 1897 Washington and Lee Generals football team was an American football team that represented the Washington and Lee University as an independent during the 1897 college football season. Led by captain D. M. Barclay, who played at right tackle, Washington and Lee compiled a record of 3–1. Smith Alford played at right halfback. The team had no head coach.


1897 Washington football team
The 1897 Washington football team was an American football team that represented the University of Washington during the 1897 college football season. In its first season under coach Carl L. Clemans, the team compiled a 1–2 record and was outscored by its opponents by a combined total of 26 to 16. For the consecutive year, Jack Lindsay was the team captain.


1897 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1897 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board.