1898 Georgia hurricane, Impact
Before the hurricane made landfall in Georgia, it produced strong winds in northeastern Florida, reaching Category 2 strength on the Saffir-Simpson scale. The worst effects from the storm were confined to a very small portion of extreme northeastern Florida. At Fernandina Beach, the storm surge was estimated at 12 ft (3.7 m), causing extensive flooding in the city. The October 1898 Monthly Weather Review described Fernandina as "nearly destroyed", and most anchored boats were sunk or washed inland into the marshes. Damage along the coastline reached as far south as Mayport.


1898 Georgia hurricane, Impact
The hurricane was small, and despite passing 50 miles (80 km) northeast of Jacksonville, produced only 60 mph (97 km/h) winds in the city. However, for the first time in the history of the city, all communications were cut between Jacksonville and cities further north, such as New York. Damage throughout the state was estimated at $500,000 (1898 USD).


1898 Georgia hurricane, Impact
The hurricane made landfall on Cumberland Island with winds estimated at 135 mph (215 km/h). It produced record storm surges across the coastline, including a 16 ft (4.9 m) report in Brunswick. There, damage was heaviest, and most buildings were flooded. Similar impact was reported in Darien, where 32 people were killed. One coastal location reported the hurricane as causing the worst flooding since 1812. Further north, all of Hutchinson Island in the Savannah River was covered with up to 8 ft (2.4 m) of water.


1898 Georgia hurricane, Impact
The storm surge flooding entered warehouses and storage areas all along the coast, leaving many small ships wrecked or sunk. Heavy damage also occurred to coastal wharves and houses. According to the Savannah Weather Bureau office, about 5,000 barrels of rosin were dispersed, and 60,000 bushels of rice were wrecked. Winds in the city reached 60 mph (95 km/h), and the flooding severely damaged the railway to nearby Tybee Island. Along the Blackbeard Island National Wildlife Refuge, the hurricane destroyed a hospital that helped people afflicted with yellow fever.


1898 Georgia hurricane, Impact
A total of 179 people were killed along the Georgia coast, and damage totaled around $1 million (1898 USD). In South Carolina, the hurricane produced gusty winds and storm surge flooding. Some slight damage occurred at Port Royal, and in the southern portion of the state, the high tides left damage to rice and cotton crops. The Charleston Weather Bureau reported that "a number of persons were drowned along the South Carolina coast". Heavy rainfall was reported across northeast Florida, Georgia, and the western Carolinas. The highest amount recorded was 12.5 inches (320 mm) at Highlands, North Carolina.


1898 German federal election
Federal elections were held in Germany on 16 June 1898. Despite the Social Democratic Party (SPD) receiving the most votes, the Centre Party remained the largest party in the Reichstag after winning 102 of the 397 seats, whilst the SPD won just 56. Voter turnout was 68.1%.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election
The Glamorgan County Council election, 1898 was the fourth contest for seats on this authority. It was preceded by the 1895 election and followed by the 1901 election. Glamorgan was by far the largest county in Wales in terms of population. Glamorgan County Council had been established by the 1888 Local Government Act, and the first elections held in early 1889. The county of Glamorgan was at this time becoming heavily industrialised, although some areas such as the Vale of Glamorgan remained essentially rural.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election
The rise of nonconformist liberalism, especially since the 1860s, throughout Wales, had challenged the prevailing influence of the landed gentry. However, even in 1889, the traditional forces remained influential and no working men were elected to the Council. This changed in 1892 with the unopposed return of David Morgan in Aberdare and the success of Isaac Evans in Resolven.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Overview of the result
As in most parts of Wales, the Liberal Party was once again triumphant and won a majority of the seats. In 1895 there were more unopposed results than in previous elections and the Conservatives made some headway, reflecting the position in the United Kingdom as a whole where the party took power that year.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Overview of the result
Results are drawn from a number of sources. The include an account of unopposed returns in the Evening Express, and results from the same newspaper as well as the Cambrian  and Pontypridd Chronicle.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Retiring aldermen
All eleven retiring aldermen were Liberals. Gwilym Jones, W.H. Mathias, J.C. Meggitt, Herbert Evans and the Rev Aaron Davies all sought re-election. Jones and Mathias were returned unopposed while Meggitt's only opponent withdrew before polling day. Herbert Evans was opposed by the sitting Liberal councillor whom he eventually narrowly defeated (see Cwmavon, below). Aaron Davies was defeated at Pontlottyn. At Aberdare, David Price Davies was also nominated but withdrew rather than face a contest with the sitting councillor.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Aberdare Town
Prior to the election it became apparent that Evans, the sitting councillor and the retiring alderman, David Price Davies, both coveted the seats. Davies however withdrew before the poll.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Barry
The sitting councillor, John Cory, had withdrawn in favour of retiring alderman John Claxton Meggitt. The defeated candidate withdrew before polling day.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Briton Ferry
Jenkin Hill recaptured the seat he lost three years previously.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Cilfynydd
W.R. Davies took the place of Henry Lewis, who did not seek re-election after one term. Davies was chosen as a candidate after a public meeting of local Liberals where both candidates agreed to abide by the vote.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Cwmavon
Two Liberals, a sitting alderman and sitting councillor, opposed each other.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Cyfarthfa
Thomas Thomas recaptured the seat he lost three years previously.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Ferndale
David Thomas JP, who had ousted fellow Liberal Morgan Williams in 1895, did not seek re-election due to  ill-health leading to a contrast between the Rev Silas Charles, Congregational Minister and Thomas Samuel, grocer.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Maesteg
The same two candidates had faced each other in 1895. On that occasion, Barrow had won and was elected as alderman for a three-year period. Jenkin Jones was then returned at a by-election.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Neath (South)
At the previous election, Trick had stood as a Conservative.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Pentre
Morris appears to have defected to the Unionists, leading to his defeat. This was considered to be the most significant contest in the valley but, owing to the support of colliery officials and leading tradesmen for the winning candidate, Elias Henry Davies, it was clear that Morris and been defeated before the close of the poll. Davies was an active Congregationalist, freemason and president of the Rhondda Cymmrodorion.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Pontlottyn
Although a Liberal gain, the shock was the defeat of Alderman Aaron Davies.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Sketty
A repeat of the contest in 1895, with the same result.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Results, Treforest
James Roberts had won the seat at a by-election following the death of the previous member, David Leyshon. His defeat was greeted with surprise by a crowd said to number 4,000 who had gathered to hear the result. Roberts said h was glad to think that he had been the means of overthrowing a member of a 'Pontypridd clique'.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Election of aldermen
In addition to the 66 councillors the council consisted of 22 county aldermen. Aldermen were elected by the council, and served a six-year term. Following the 1898 election, there were twelve Aldermanic vacancies. These comprised the eleven vacancies due to retiring alderman with the twelfth being vacant following the death of Isaac Evans.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Election of aldermen
The following aldermen were appointed by the newly elected council.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, Election of aldermen
All eleven aldermen were Liberals, as were the retiring aldermen.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, By-elections, Aberdare Town by-election
Following the return of J.W. Evans, David Price Davies and Thomas Thomas (councillor for the ward from 1892 until 1895) were nominated. However, Thomas withdrew allowing Davies to be returned unopposed.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, By-elections, Barry by-election
John Cory had been a member of the county council since its formation, and served as alderman from 1889 until 1892. Captain Murrell, in returning thanks for his election, said he came forward as an independent candidate as a protest against the introduction of the foreign element into the representation of the district.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, By-elections, Penrhiwceiber by-election
Following the election of Dr R.W. Jones as an alderman, Thomas Morris, who had represented Mountain Ash on the previous council, was elected. Morris was opposed by another Liberal candidate, clerk to the Llanwonno School Board, who stood in opposition to Morris's links to the beer trade. John Williams, checkweigher at a  local colliery and a future Labour MP was a possible candidate but withdrew at an early stage.


1898 Glamorgan County Council election, By-elections 1898-1901, Dowlais by-election
A by-election was held in Dowlais ward in October 1899 following the elevation of Thomas Jenkins to the aldermanic bench. John Davies, the local miners' agent defeated an Independent candidate, a local chemist.


1898 Glebe colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Glebe on 10 September 1898 because James Hogue had been appointed Public Instruction and Minister for Labour and Industry in the Reid ministry. Until 1904, members appointed to a ministerial position were required to face a by-election. These were generally uncontested. Of the three ministers appointed with the second arrangement of the Reid ministry, Glebe was the only electorate in which the by-election was contested.


1898 Grand National
The 1898 Grand National was the 60th renewal of the world-famous Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England, on 25 March 1898.


1898 Greensburg Athletic Association season
The 1898 Greensburg Athletic Association season was their ninth season in existence. The team finished 6–2–1.


1898 Guatemalan presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Guatemala during seven days in September 1898. Prior to the elections Manuel Estrada Cabrera had established the first real political party in the country's history by admitting people from outside the influential liberals to the Liberal Party.


1898 Guatemalan presidential election
The elections were regarded as fraudulent; constitutional guarantees had been suspended for a month and opposition candidate José León Castillo had been unable to campaign. Estrada was declared the winner with 99.8% of the vote, although the number of votes cast is estimated to have been at least three times the number of people eligible to vote at the time. Legislative Assembly Decree 413 of 26 September declared that Estrada's term of office would begin on 15 March 1899, but he assumed the presidency on 2 October.


1898 Guilford Quakers football team
The 1898 Guilford Quakers football team represented Guilford College during the 1897 college football season. They played in three games and went winless.


1898 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1898 Harvard Crimson football team represented Harvard University in the 1898 college football season. The team finished with an 11–0 record and was retroactively named as the national champion by the Billingsley Report, Helms Athletic Foundation, Houlgate System, and National Championship Foundation. Princeton, which finished the 1898 season 11–0–1, was named champion by one selector, Parke H. Davis. The Harvard team outscored their opponents 257 to 19 during the season.


1898 Haskell Indians football team
The 1898 Haskell Indians football team was an American football team that represented the Haskell Indian Institute (now known as Haskell Indian Nations University) as an independent during the 1898 college football season. The team compiled a 2–7 record and failed to score a point in six of its nine games. Sal Walker was the coach. The team played no home games.


1898 Hastings and Macleay colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Hastings and Macleay on 23 September 1898 because Francis Clarke (National Federal) resigned to allow Edmund Barton to re-enter parliament.


1898 Hastings and Macleay colonial by-election, Aftermath
The election campaign of Sydney Smith was assisted by James Young, who was the Free Trade member for the neighbouring district of The Manning and Secretary for Public Works. Justice William Owen was subsequently appointed to conduct a Royal Commission into allegations concerning Young's conduct during the by-election, The major allegation was that the effect of Young's statements was that as Secretary for Public Works he would favour Smith more than Barton in dealing with the requirements of the electorate. Justice Owen found Young had not abused the powers of his office, however rebuked him for a "grave indiscretion" in the way he spoke.


1898 Holy Cross football team
The 1898 Holy Cross football team was an American football team that represented the College of the Holy Cross as an independent in the 1898 college football season.


1898 Holy Cross football team
In its first year under head coach Maurice Connor, the team compiled a 5–4–1 record. M.J. McDonough was the team captain. John Corbett served as interim head coach for the season's first game, a win.


1898 Holy Cross football team
Holy Cross played its home games at two off-campus fields in Worcester, Massachusetts, the Worcester Oval and the Worcester College Grounds.


1898 Home Nations Championship
The 1898 Home Nations Championship was the sixteenth series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Five matches were played between 5 February and 2 April. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.


1898 Home Nations Championship
For the second year running, England claimed the title solely on the fact that the other Home Nation Unions were still in bitter dispute. The Scottish Rugby Union was still aggrieved at the situation caused by the Gould Affair and decided not to participate in a match against Wales. This decision meant England led the scoring table as the winner of a Scotland vs. Wales encounter would have taken the Championship.


1898 Home Nations Championship
Due to the dispute, most sources list the result of the 1898 championship as "not completed."


1898 Home Nations Championship, Results, Scoring system
The matches for this season were decided on points scored. A try was worth three points, while converting a kicked goal from the try gave an additional two points. A dropped goal and a goal from mark were both worth four points. Penalty goals were worth three points.


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, England vs. Ireland
England J. F. Byrne (Moseley) capt., G.C. Robinson (Percy Park), Ernest Fookes (Sowerby Bridge), Osbert Mackie (Cambridge Uni), WL Bunting (Richmond), H Myers (Keighley), PG Jacob (Blackheath), F Jacob (Richmond), R Pierce (Liverpool), F Shaw (Cleckheaton), RF Oakes (Hartlepool Rovers), Frank Stout (Gloucester), HW Dudgeon (Richmond), JH Blacklock (Aspatria), Charles Edward Wilson (Blackheath)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, England vs. Ireland
Ireland Pierce O'Brien-Butler (Monkstown), S Lee (NIFC) capt., Lucius Gwynn (Monkstown), Lawrence Bulger (Lansdowne), FC Purser (Dublin Uni. ), Louis Magee (Bective Rangers), GG Allen (Derry), JE McIlwaine (NIFC), JH Lytle (Lansdowne), WG Byron (NIFC), M Ryan (Rockwell College), J Ryan (Rockwell College), H Lindsay (Armagh), JG Franks (Dublin Uni. ), J. L. Davis (Monkstown)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, Ireland vs. Scotland
Ireland Pierce O'Brien-Butler (Monkstown), Frederick Smithwick (Monkstown), Lucius Gwynn (Monkstown), Lawrence Bulger (Lansdowne), FC Purser (Dublin Uni. ), Louis Magee (Bective Rangers), GG Allen (Derry) capt., JE McIlwaine (NIFC), JH Lytle (Lansdowne), WG Byron (NIFC), M Ryan (Rockwell College), J Ryan (Rockwell College), H Lindsay (Armagh), JG Franks (Dublin Uni. ), J. L. Davis (Monkstown)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, Ireland vs. Scotland
Scotland: JM Reid (Edinburgh Acads), RT Neilson (West of Scotland), Edward Spencer (Clydesdale), AR Smith (Oxford Uni) capt., T Scott (Hawick), JT Mabon (Jed-Forest), M Elliot (Hawick), GC Kerr(Durham), A MacKinnon (London Scottish), MC Morrison (Royal HSFP), WMC McEwan (Edinburgh Acads), TM Scott (Hawick), R Scott (Hawick), John Dykes (Clydesdale), HO Smith (Watsonians)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, Scotland vs. England
Scotland: JM Reid (Edinburgh Acads), RT Neilson (West of Scotland), TA Neslon (Oxford Uni), AR Smith (Oxford Uni) capt., T Scott (Hawick), JT Mabon (Jed-Forest), M Elliot (Hawick), GC Kerr(Durham), A MacKinnon (London Scottish), MC Morrison (Royal HSFP), WMC McEwan (Edinburgh Acads), TM Scott (Hawick), R Scott (Hawick), John Dykes (Clydesdale), HO Smith (Watsonians)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, Scotland vs. England
England J. F. Byrne (Moseley) capt., PW Stout (Gloucester), WN Pilkington (Cambridge Uni), PMR Royds (Blackheath), WL Bunting (Richmond), GT Unwin (Blackheath), Arthur Rotherham (Richmond), F Jacob (Richmond), JF Shaw (RNEC Keyham), HE Ramsden (Bingley), RF Oakes (Hartlepool Rovers), Frank Stout (Gloucester), HW Dudgeon (Richmond), JAS Davidson (Aspatria), W Ashford (Richmond)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, Ireland vs. Wales
Ireland J Fulton (NIFC), Frederick Smithwick (Monkstown), W Gardiner (NIFC) capt., Lawrence Bulger (Lansdowne), FC Purser (Dublin Uni. ), Louis Magee (Bective Rangers), A Barr (Methodist C. Belfast), JE McIlwaine (NIFC), WG Byron (NIFC), M Ryan (Rockwell College), J Ryan (Rockwell College), H Lindsay (Armagh), TJ Little (Bective Rangers), JG Franks (Dublin Uni. ), T McCarthy (Cork)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, Ireland vs. Wales
Wales: Billy Bancroft (Swansea) capt., Viv Huzzey (Cardiff), Gwyn Nicholls (Cardiff), Pussy Jones (Cardiff), Tom Pearson (Newport), Selwyn Biggs (Cardiff), Jack Elliott (Cardiff), Hopkin Davies (Swansea), Tom Dobson (Cardiff), David Daniel (Llanelli), William Alexander (Llwynypia), George Boots (Newport), Dick Hellings (Llwynypia), Fred Cornish (Cardiff), Joseph Booth (Pontymister)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, England vs. Wales
England J. F. Byrne (Moseley) capt., PW Stout (Gloucester), Ernest Fookes (Sowerby Bridge), PMR Royds (Blackheath), WL Bunting (Richmond), R O'H Livesay (Blackheath), Arthur Rotherham (Richmond), F Jacob (Richmond), JF Shaw (RNEC Keyham), HE Ramsden (Bingley), RF Oakes (Hartlepool Rovers), Frank Stout (Gloucester), HW Dudgeon (Richmond), JAS Davidson (Aspatria), W Ashford (Richmond)


1898 Home Nations Championship, The matches, England vs. Wales
Wales: Billy Bancroft (Swansea) capt., Viv Huzzey (Cardiff), Gwyn Nicholls (Cardiff), Pussy Jones (Cardiff), Tom Pearson (Newport), Selwyn Biggs (Cardiff), Jack Elliott (Cardiff), Hopkin Davies (Swansea), Tom Dobson (Cardiff), David Daniel (Llanelli), William Alexander (Llwynypia), George Boots (Newport), Dick Hellings (Llwynypia), Fred Cornish (Cardiff), Dai Evans (Penygraig)


1898 Honduran general election
General elections were held in Honduras between 30 October and 1 November 1898. Terencio Sierra was elected president with 83% of the vote, marking the first peaceful transfer of power for several decades.


1898 Honduran general election, Background
In January 1898 president Policarpo Bonilla convened a group that met at the Palace of Tegucigalpa to select candidates to contest the forthcoming elections. Terencio Sierra was chosen as the presidential candidate and José María Reina as the vice presidential candidate. They were the only candidates to contest the elections.


1898 ICA Track Cycling World Championships
The 1898 ICA Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in Vienna, Austria from 8 to 12 September 1898. Four events for men were contested, two for professionals and two for amateurs.


1898 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 1898 Idaho gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1898. Incumbent Democrat Frank Steunenberg defeated Republican nominee Albert B. Moss with 48.83% of the vote.


1898 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1898 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1898 Western Conference football season. In their fourth season under head coach George Huff, the Illini compiled a 4–5 record and finished in fourth place in the Western Conference. Fullback Arthur R. Johnston was the team captain.


1898 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1898 Indiana Hoosiers football team was an American football team that represented Indiana University Bloomington during the 1898 college football season. In their first season under head coach James H. Horne, the Hoosiers compiled a 4–1–2 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 90 to 30.


1898 Indiana State Sycamores football team
The 1898 Indiana State Sycamores football team represented Indiana State University in the 1898 college football season. This was the third team for the university and played  a schedule of only three games. The head coach was Fred DuBridge and the roster consisted of at least 18 lettermen.


1898 Indiana State Sycamores football team
DuBridge, the director of the local YMCA, spend most of his career managing YMCA facilities; his son Lee achieved fame as one of the most preeminent scientists of the 20th century.


1898 International Cross Country Championships
The unofficial 1898 International Cross Country Championships was held in Ville-d'Avray, France, on March 20, 1898.


1898 International Cross Country Championships
Complete results, and the results of British athletes were published.


1898 International Cross Country Championships, Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 16 athletes from 2 countries.


1898 Invercargill mayoral election
The 1898 Invercargill mayoral election was held on 1 December 1898 as part of that years local elections.


1898 Invercargill mayoral election
Incumbent mayor Hugh Mair was defeated by councillor John Stead.


1898 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1898 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1898 college football season. This was Alden Knipe's first as head coach of the Hawkeyes and Iowa's first year as an independent after the dissolution of the Western Interstate University Football Association (WIUFA). Iowa joined the Western Conference in 1900.


1898 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 1898 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State College of Agricultural and Mechanic Arts (later renamed Iowa State University) as an independent during the 1898 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach Pop Warner, the Cyclones compiled a 3–2 record and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 50 to 49. Simon Tarr was the team captain.


1898 Iowa State Cyclones football team
Between 1892 and 1913, the football team played on a field that later became the site of the university's Parks Library.


1898 Iowa State Normals football team
The 1898 Iowa State Normals football team represented Iowa State Normal School (later renamed University of Northern Iowa) as an independent during the 1898 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Kalita E. Leighton, the team compiled a 4–0–1 record, including an 11–5 victory over the Iowa Hawkeyes, and outscored all opponents by a total of 92 to 5.


1898 Italian Football Championship
The 1898 Italian Football Championship was a major event in the footballing history of Italy. It was the first FIGC-endorsed league competition which is considered an official predecessor of Serie A.


1898 Italian Football Championship
It was a knock-out tournament involving three clubs from Turin and one from Genoa. All three matches were played at the Velodromo Umberto I in Turin on 8 May, over the course of the one day. The winner of this first-ever season was Genoa.


1898 Kansas Jayhawks football team
The 1898 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas as an independent during the 1898 college football season. In their second and final season under head coach Wylie G. Woodruff, the Jayhawks compiled a 7–1 record, shut out six of eight opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 129 to 24. The Jayhawks played their home games at McCook Field in Lawrence, Kansas. Arthur Mosse was the team captain.


1898 Kansas State Aggies football team
The 1898 Kansas State Aggies football team represented Kansas State Agricultural College during the 1898 college football season.


1898 Kansas gubernatorial election
The 1898 Kansas gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1898. Republican nominee William Eugene Stanley defeated People's Party incumbent John W. Leedy with 51.81% of the vote.


1898 Kentucky Derby
The 1898 Kentucky Derby was the 24th running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 4, 1898.


1898 Kentucky State College Blue and White football team
The 1898 Kentucky State College Blue and White football team represented Kentucky State College—now known as the University of Kentucky—during the 1898 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The team, known as "the Immortals," was undefeated, untied, and unscored upon, posted a 7–0 record and outscored its opponents 181 to 0. The Centre game was stopped by rain after fifteen minutes of play.


1898 Kesteven County Council election
The third set of elections to Kesteven County Council were held in March 1898. Kesteven was one of three divisions of the historic county of Lincolnshire in England; it consisted of the ancient wapentakes (or hundreds) of Aswardhurn, Aveland, Beltisloe, Boothby Graffoe, Flaxwell, Langoe, Loveden, Ness, and Winnibriggs and Threo. The Local Government Act 1888 established Kesteven as an administrative county, governed by a Council; elections were held every three years from 1889, until it was abolished by the Local Government Act 1972, which established Lincolnshire County Council in its place.


1898 Kesteven County Council election
Forty-eight electoral divisions of the new Council were outlined in December 1888. Nearly every candidate was returned unopposed, with contests in only three divisions.


1898 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1898 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 10th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.


1898 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
Threecastles won the championship after a 4-01 to 2-03 defeat of Confederation in the final. This was their first championship title.


1898 LSU Tigers football team
The 1898 LSU Tigers football team represented the LSU Tigers of Louisiana State University during the 1898 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The Tigers, with new coach Edmond Chavanne, played only one game for the 1898 season. It was their third undefeated season. Another outbreak of yellow fever similar to the one in 1897 caused LSU to play only one game. By the time LSU was able to play its only game of the season, Allen Jeardeau had departed from the school as head football coach, and no provision had been made to replace him. The job of coach then fell to the team's captain, Edmond Chavanne, the only player-coach in LSU football history. 1898 marked the final year of play for William S. Slaughter. He was LSU's first five time football letterman.


1898 Lafayette football team
The 1898 Lafayette football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College as an independent during the 1898 college football season. In its first season under head coach Samuel B. Newton, the team compiled a 3–8 record. Charles Best was the team captain. The team played its home games at March Field in Easton, Pennsylvania.


1898 Latrobe Athletic Association season
The 1898 Latrobe Athletic Association season was their fourth season in existence. The team finished 7-3. This season, the team's colors changed from orange and maroon to red and blue.


1898 Launceston by-election
The 1898 Launceston by-election was held on 3 August 1898. It was held due to the death of the incumbent Liberal MP Thomas Owen. It was retained by the Liberal candidate Sir John Fletcher Moulton.


1898 Lehigh football team
The 1898 Lehigh football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University as an independent during the 1898 college football season. In its first season under head coach Samuel Huston Thompson, the team compiled a 3–6–1 record and was outscored by a total of 106 to 49.


1898 Liechtenstein general election
General elections were held in Liechtenstein in April and May 1898.


1898 Liechtenstein general election, Electors
Electors were selected through elections that were held between 28 April and 3 May. Each municipality had two electors for every 100 inhabitants.


1898 Liechtenstein general election, Results
The election of Oberland's Landtag members and substitutes was held on 11 May in Vaduz. Of Oberland's 118 electors, 117 were present. Oberland elected seven Landtag members and four substitutes.


1898 Liechtenstein general election, Results
The election of Unterland's Landtag members and substitutes was held on 12 May in Mauren. All of Unterland's 74 electors were present. Unterland elected five Landtag members and one substitute.


1898 Liechtenstein general election, Results
Xaver Bargetze did not accept his election as one of Oberland's Landtag members and was replaced by Meinrad Ospelt. Franz Josef Biedermann did not accept his election as one of Oberland's substitutes.


1898 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1898 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 10th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.


1898 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
Shamrocks won the championship after a 1-06 to 1-02 defeat of Caherline in the final. It was their only championship title.


1898 Liverpool City Council election
Elections to Liverpool City Council were held on Thursday 1 November 1898. One third of the council seats were up for election, the term of office of each councillor being three years.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, Election result
Because of the large number of uncontested wards, these statistics should be taken in that context.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, Ward results
Comparisons are made with the 1895 election results, as the retiring councillors were elected in that year.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, Aldermanic Elections
At the meeting of the Council on 9 November 1898, the terms of office of fourteen alderman expired. The following fourteen were elected as Aldermen by the Council (Aldermen and Councillors) on 9 November 1898 for a term of six years.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, Aldermanic By Election, 9 November 1898
Following the death of Alderman Arthur Bower Forwood Bart. MP, former councillor Herbert Campbell JP (Conservative, North Toxteth elected 1886, 1889 and 1892) was elected as an alderman by the council on 9 November 1898.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 20, Great George, 25 November 1898
Caused by the election of Councillor Edward Paul (Liberal, Great George, elected 1 November 1898) as an alderman by the Council on 9 November 1898.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 13, North Scotland, 29 November 1898
Caused by the election of Councillor Edward Purcell (Irish Nationalist, North Scotland, elected 1 November 1896) as an alderman by the council (councillors and aldermen) on 9 November 1898.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 14, South Scotland, 29 November 1898
Caused by the death of Councillor Owen O'Hara (Irish Nationalist, South Scotland, elected 1 November 1896) on 11 November 1898.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 20, Great George, 10 February 1899
Caused by the death of Councillor Thomas Donnelly (Liberal, Great George, elected 1 November 1897) on 18 January 1899.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No.1, Sandhills, 17 March 1899
Caused by the resignation of Councillor William Nelson (Liberal, Sandhills, elected 1 November 1897) which was reported to the Council on 1 March 1899.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 14, South Scotland, 28 April 1899
The election of George Jeremy Lynskey (Irish Nationalist, South Scotland, elected unopposed 1 November 1898) was declared void by the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice 15 April 1899.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 15, Vauxhall, 19 May 1899
Caused by the death of Councillor Thomas Flynn (Irish Nationalist, Vauxhall, elected 1 November 1897) on 3 May 1899.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 14, South Scotland,
Caused by the death of Councillor Robert Thompson (Irish Nationalist, South Scotland, elected 1 November 1896) on 21 July 1899.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 26, Dingle, 10 October 1899
Caused by the resignation of Alderman Joseph Bond Morgan (Conservative, elected by the council as an alderman on 9 November 1895)


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 26, Dingle, 10 October 1899
Councillor Thomas Evans (Conservative, Dingle, elected 1 November 1897) was elected by the Council (Councillors and Aldermen) as an Alderman on 6 September 1899.


1898 Liverpool City Council election, By-elections, No. 19, St. Peter's, October 1899
The resignation of Alderman Jeremiah Miles (Liberal, elected 9 November 1898) was reported to the Council on 4 October 1899. Councillor William Henry Watts (Liberal St. Peter's, elected 1 November 1897) was elected as an alderman by the council on 4 October 1899.


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election
The Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, 1898 was a parliamentary by-election held in England on 9 December 1898 for the House of Commons constituency of Liverpool Kirkdale.


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, Vacancy
The seat had become vacant when the sitting Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Sir George Baden-Powell had died on 20 November 1898, aged 50. He had held the seat since its creation for the 1885 general election, and had been re-elected with comfortable majorities at each of the three subsequent general elections.


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, Candidates
Several names were floated as possible Conservative candidates for the seat. On 26 November, The Times newspaper reported that those being considered included:


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, Candidates
The Liberal Party had already adopted as their candidate for the next election William Nelson, a ship-owner and Liverpool City Councillor.


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, Candidates
By the time Kirkdale Conservative Association met on 29 November, the local executive committee had already sent a telegram to 40-year-old Austin Taylor, inviting  to be their candidate. Taylor, who was president of the Laymen's League and son of the Archdeacon of Liverpool, had deferred his answer until the day of the meeting. At the meeting, the divisional council refused to be bound by the decision of their executive, and the names of David MacIver and John Houlding were also formally proposed.


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, Candidates
After a discussion described by The Times as "long and animated", a substantial majority voted to select MacIver, a ship-owner whose father Charles had been manager of the Cunard Line from 1865 to 1897.


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, Candidates
The Liberals met on 1 December, and lamented their lack of preparedness. Local ship-owner Sir Christopher Furness had been invited to stand, but declined. Another ship-owner, H. Bell, had also turned down a request, and the meeting rejected a proposal to adopt Thomas Snape, the former MP for Heywood. The meeting decided to ask the Liberal whips in Westminster to suggest potential candidates, as a result of which an approach was made to Sir Spencer Walpole, who rejected the invitation. The Times reported that several other unsuccessful approaches had been made. Kirkdale had a large Irish Nationalist population, so any candidate needed the support of both Liberals and Nationalists, but local councillor Thomas J. Flynn also refused to accept nomination despite an offer to meet all his election expenses.


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, Result
By the time nominations closed on 9 December, the Liberals had still not chosen a candidate. MacIver was the only candidate nominated, so the poll had been scheduled for 15 December, but never took place. MacIver was returned unopposed.


1898 Liverpool Kirkdale by-election, Aftermath
MacIver was re-elected at the general elections in 1900 and 1906, and held the seat until his death in September 1907 caused another by-election.


1898 Los Angeles mayoral election
The 1898 election for Mayor of Los Angeles took place on December 5, 1898. Incumbent Meredith P. Snyder was defeated by Frederick Eaton.


1898 Louisville Colonels season
The 1898 Louisville Colonels baseball team finished with a 70–81 record and ninth place in the National League.


1898 Louisville Colonels season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1898 Louisville Colonels season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1898 Louisville Colonels season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1898 Louisville Colonels season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1898 Maltese general election
General elections were held in Malta on 28 and 29 September 1898.


1898 Maltese general election, Background
The elections were held under the Knutsford Constitution. Ten members were elected from single-member constituencies, whilst a further four members were elected to represent nobility and landowners, graduates, clerics and the Chamber of Commerce.


1898 Maltese general election, Results
A total of 9,863 people were registered to vote, of which 3,128 cast votes, giving a turnout of 32%. Paolo Sammut was elected to both the nobility and landowners' seat and the seat of constituency II, whilst no candidates stood for the seats for clerics and the Chamber of Commerce. Sammut chose to retain the seat for constituency II, and by-elections were held for the three vacant seats on 2 October.


1898 Mare Island earthquake
The 1898 Mare Island earthquake occurred in Northern California on March 30 at 23:43 local time with a moment magnitude of 5.8–6.4 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII–IX (Severe–Violent). Its area of perceptibility included much of northern and central California and western Nevada. Damage amounted to $350,000 (about $10,700,000 inflation adjusted to 2018) and was most pronounced on Mare Island, a peninsula in northern San Francisco Bay. While relatively strong effects there were attributed to vulnerable buildings, moderate effects elsewhere in the San Francisco Bay Area consisted of damaged or partially collapsed structures, and there were media reports of a small tsunami and mostly mild aftershocks that followed.


1898 Mare Island earthquake
The mechanism of the shock is unknown, but several independent investigations focused on different aspects to gain a better understanding of the intensity, magnitude, source fault, and epicenter of this pre-instrumental event. Most investigators placed it under or to the north of San Pablo Bay, though two earthquake catalogs gave specific coordinates that place it within the confines of the San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge.


1898 Mare Island earthquake
One of the numerous strike-slip faults of the San Andreas Fault System in the North Bay are most often named as the source fault, but one seismologist's paper detailed how an unnamed dip-slip fault may have been responsible. Several more recent studies gave alternate perspectives that named specific faults as the origin.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Tectonic setting
The San Andreas Fault system (SAF) is a network of right-lateral strike-slip faults that form a portion of a complex and diffuse plate boundary. The faults span on and off shore along the California portion of the Pacific Rim, and in the area near San Francisco Bay, the extent of the various fault strands are limited to about 80 kilometers (50 mi) wide from east to west. This system of faults terminates in the north at the Mendocino Triple Junction where the north-northwest trending SAF meets the east trending Mendocino Fracture Zone. It terminates in the south in a more gradual fashion at the Salton Sea where displacement transitions to a series of transform faults and spreading centers along the Gulf of California Rift Zone.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Earthquake
The shock was felt over an area of 120,000 km2, from Chico in the north to Monterey in the south, and to Carson City in western Nevada. Toppozada et al. 1992 compared the isoseismal map from the event to those of earthquakes that occurred during the instrumental period to resolve the magnitude. The intensity VI isoseismals for the 1969 Santa Rosa and 1984 Morgan Hill earthquakes were markedly smaller; only the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake covered a larger area than that of the 1898 event. The isoseismals for intensity V, VII, and VIII were also compared for additional calibration, and 6.7 was presented as the magnitude of the event, which was presumed to have occurred on the southern Rodgers Creek Fault. This estimate was later reduced to M6.4 in Toppozada & Branum 2002.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Earthquake
Bakun 1999 also analyzed intensity details to resolve for magnitude and location, resulting in M6.3 and a location at the northeast end of San Pablo Bay. A technique called Bayesian inference used by Wesson, Bakun, & Perkins 2003 showed that the northern Hayward Fault was the most likely source, with the Rodgers Creek, southern Green Valley, Concord, and northern Green Valley faults as the next most likely. Media reports of a small non-destructive tsunami led Parsons et al. 2003 to conclude that a normal fault (rather than a strike-slip fault) may have been responsible for the shock.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Earthquake
Another viewpoint from Hecker et al. 2005 was that the Rodgers Creek Fault was not likely the source because their trench investigation showed that its most recent event had a maximum slip of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and that the 1898 event was too small to result in that much displacement.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Earthquake
Another seismologist re-examined the event following the 2014 South Napa earthquake and found that the heavy effects on Mare Island were the result of weak or deficient buildings. Comparing the intensity distribution of the two shocks revealed that it was indeed severe on Mare Island as it was likely close to the rupture, which may have involved both strands of the Franklin Fault (between the West Napa and Rodgers Creek Faults). Although surface rupturing events have been documented on the Hayward–Rodgers Creek Fault System just to the west, no surface rupture was associated with this earthquake. A magnitude range of 5.8–6.4 Mw was given, with the lower bound representing an average stress drop event and the higher bound for a lower stress drop event.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Earthquake, Intensity
The isoseismal map from Toppozada & Real 1981 places the epicenter to the north of San Pablo Bay and shows elongated rings aligned NNW–SSE. The innermost intensity VIII (Severe) ring encompasses Vallejo, Mare Island, and much of San Pablo Bay, and also includes three instances of intensity IX (Violent), but the locations cannot be determined with accuracy due to a lack of map resolution. While San Francisco is within the intensity VII (Very strong) ring, Santa Cruz and San Jose are labeled intensity VI (Strong) exceptions within the intensity V (Moderate) ring. Ukiah, Stockton, Sacramento, and Gilroy also lay in the intensity V ring.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Earthquake, Intensity
Toppozada et al. 1992 presents an updated isoseimal map that focuses on the near field rather than an extended perspective, with slightly more conservative maximum intensities, and locations that are clearly labeled with specific intensities. The innermost isoseismal shows only one location that is an exception to intensity VIII. Tubbs Island, to the northwest of Mare Island, lists VIII–IX. Schellville, Lakeville, and Mare Island all show intensity VIII. A large number of locations are marked VI–VII, including Santa Rosa, San Rafael, Oakland, and San Francisco. As opposed to showing a specific epicenter, the newer, enhanced map shows that it may have been anywhere within a broad swath centered on the southern Rodgers Creek Fault.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Earthquake, Damage
While the National Geophysical Data Center categorizes the overall effects of the event as moderate, significant damage occurred at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard, where several buildings suffered partial or total collapse and some equipment was damaged. Other strong effects occurred at Vallejo and to the southeast in Benicia, where a cannery was damaged and in Martinez where the courthouse was damaged. Other locations in Sonoma County that were severely affected included Schellville, Greenwood Estate, and near Petaluma Creek. The effects were less severe in San Francisco, but one building partially collapsed, a girls high school suffered damage valued at several thousand dollars, and soil conditions contributed to damage at the Whittier School.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Earthquake, Aftershocks
Bay Area newspapers reported on aftershocks that were felt in a number of locations. These shocks were only reported at locations that were within the intensity VII or higher isoseismals. The Sonoma Index-Tribune reported that at Sonoma there were four strong aftershocks and more than twenty lighter shocks (that at most just rattled windows) later that night. The San Francisco Call stated that while the aftershocks were heaviest near Tubbs Island, they were more frequent near Lakeville at the Petaluma marshes, and this was interpreted as the alluvium under the island suppressing the lighter shocks. Analysis of the severity, location, and frequency of the aftershocks bolstered Toppozada et al. 1992's stance that the origin of the mainshock was the southern Rodgers Creek Fault.


1898 Mare Island earthquake, Tsunami
Numerous bay area newspapers reported on various disturbances that were experienced by mariners. In the Pacific Ocean, vessels southeast of Point Reyes and near the Farallon Islands reported feeling the shock, and a sharp rise in sea level was reported in the San Francisco Bay and on the Napa River. Upon examination of the event, tsunami experts declared that while the Rodgers Creek Fault is primarily strike-slip, some vertical movement is possible, which is associated with tsunami generation. A five-point scale (0–4) was used to certify whether a tsunami event was legitimate. With 0 intended for "not a valid tsunami report" and 4 being "certainly a valid report", a score of 2 was assigned to the event, meaning that it was "possibly a valid report" based on insufficient information, nonexpert observations, and unclear descriptions.


1898 Marshall Thundering Herd football team
The 1898 Marshall Thundering Herd football team represented Marshall University in the 1898 college football season. The team did not have a coach, and outscored their opponents 40–11 in four games (with one forfeit win) en route to the school's first winning season.


1898 Marshall Thundering Herd football team
The 1898 season contained two major firsts in Marshall football history: the first win (on Oct. 22 against Kingsbury High School) and the first away game (on Nov. 9 in Catlettsburg, Kentucky).


1898 Maryland Aggies football team
The 1898 Maryland Aggies football team represented the Maryland Agricultural College (now the University of Maryland) in the 1898 college football season. The team was led by player-coach Frank Kenly and finished with a 2–6–1 record.


1898 Massachusetts Aggies football team
The 1898 Massachusetts Aggies football team represented Massachusetts Agricultural College in the 1898 college football season. The team was coached by David "Doc" Weeks and played its home games at Alumni Field in Amherst, Massachusetts. Weeks became the first official head coach of the Aggies this campaign. Massachusetts finished the season with a record of 1–4–1.


1898 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1898 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1898. Incumbent Republican Governor Roger Wolcott was re-elected to a third term in office, defeating Democratic former Mayor of Lawrence Alexander B. Bruce.


1898 Massachusetts legislature
The 119th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1898 during the governorship of Roger Wolcott. George Edwin Smith served as president of the Senate and John L. Bates served as speaker of the House.


1898 Mataura by-election
The Mataura by-election, 1898 was a by-election held on 26 May 1898 during the 13th New Zealand Parliament in the rural lower South Island electorate of Mataura.


1898 Mataura by-election, Background
The by-election was triggered after sitting Member George Richardson was declared bankrupt. Robert McNab stated that had Richardson contested the election, he would not have accepted a nomination and allowed him to return unopposed. McNab had previously represented the Mataura electorate from 1893 to 1896 when he was defeated by Richardson.


1898 Mataura by-election, Results
After winning the contest, McNab held the seat uninterrupted until 1908 when he was defeated.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season
The 1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union season was the 25th season of the Sydney Rugby Premiership. Seven clubs competed from May till August 1898. The season culminated in the premiership, which was won by the Pirates. The Pirates were crowned premiers by virtue of finishing the season on top of the table.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Teams
Seven clubs signed up with the Metropolitan Rugby Football Union to play the Senior Premiership. Lost from last season was the Wentworth club. Added to the premiership were two new Senior teams from Burwood and Sydney.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Season Summary
The early rounds of the 1898 Sydney Rugby Premiership underwent much upheaval. The first round of games began with 7 teams competing. However, by the second round, Burwood had struck trouble forfeiting their first game of the season (in round one they had the bye). Before round three could get underway, the Burwood club had withdrawn from the Premiership and disbanded. Burwood had not played a single game. This caused the Metropolitan Rugby Football Union to reorganise the draw for the season and readjust the points.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Season Summary
Byes accumulated to that point were removed and the forfeit against Sydney University scratched from the ladder. Within two weeks, Paddington had also struck trouble and withdrew from the Premiership. The club disbanded soon after. The two remaining games they were scheduled to play resulted in forfeits being handed to the opposing teams. When the finals began for the two trophies, only five teams were still playing. As a result, Sydney received a bye during the first week.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Season Summary
The Pirates Football Club had been in existence since 1889 and had not much success in finals football. Climbing through the junior grades, they consistently missed out on winning the final prize. When they moved into senior football in 1893, they consistently showed moments of brilliance but lacked the consistency of a season. During the last season, they proved themselves second to Randwick and won the Agricultural Society Trophy only after protesting against winners, Randwick, on the grounds of player eligibility. In 1898, the Pirates steadily improved throughout the season. They lost the SCG Trophy semi final, but won their way through magnificently to the Agricultural Society Trophy final. They were worthy winners of the Premiership with all round skill shown across the paddock.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Season Summary
The Sydney Football Club had a tremendously successful first season in senior football. They began the year winning only one out of their first four games. Despite losing their captain to injury, the team won tough matches against strong teams to make their way into the Agricultural Society final. Unfortunately, they came up against a classy Pirates team and went down 9 points to 3. Runners-up in their first season boded well for the future.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Season Summary
After spending the last four seasons as premiers, the Randwick Football Club found themselves on the wrong end of crowd favour. They began the season with such great potential but with spasmodic training and injuries to key players, the team lacked the success of previous seasons. Their defence was beside none, with the team allowing only seven tries against them all season. Randwick won the Sydney Cricket Ground Trophy to salvage a tough year.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Trophy Finals, Finals Week 1, 2 July, Sydney Cricket Ground Trophy
The top four teams on the ladder qualified to compete for the Sydney Cricket Ground Trophy. Heavy rain caused the semi finals to be played under difficult conditions. In the first game, Randwick played what was regarded as their best performance so far in the season. As a result, they beat the more fancied Wallaroo team 3 points to nil. The University-Pirates game was an example of good wet weather football. University scored 10 points to nil in the second half of the game to win the contest 13 points to 3. Both winning teams progressed to the final for the trophy.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Trophy Finals, Finals Week 1, 2 July, Agricultural Society Trophy
After missing out on playing for the SCG Trophy, the Sydney Football Club still qualified for the Agricultural Society Trophy. As no other teams were still in existence to contend for the trophy, Sydney was given a bye and moved on to the next week of finals.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Trophy Finals, Finals Week 2, 9th, 14 July, Sydney Cricket Ground Trophy
The largest crowd in club football was in attendance for the final for the trophy on Saturday, 9th. The two teams, University and Randwick, were evenly matched and played an exciting game. The match resulted in a scoreless draw. As a result, the game was replayed on the following Thursday, 14th.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Trophy Finals, Finals Week 2, 9th, 14 July, Sydney Cricket Ground Trophy
A perfect, warm afternoon saw approximately 3000 attend the replay final. The game was an easy win for Randwick winning 15 to 3. University failed, unlike previous games against Randwick, to win the ball in the scrum. This resulted in the winning team having plenty of time to create scoring opportunities. The win gave Randwick their fourth SCG Trophy, the third in a row.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Trophy Finals, Finals Week 2, 9th, 14 July, Agricultural Society Trophy
With the Pirates receiving a bye, only one game was played towards the Agricultural Society Trophy on Saturday, 9th. Wallaroo met the young Sydney club at the Agricultural Society Ground. The Sydney forwards controlled the ball in the scrum using dribbling rushes. This resulted in a win to the team 15 points to 5. Some rough play occurred near the end of the game which later saw Wallaroo protest the result on the grounds of incompetence on the part of the referee. The Union dismissed the protest and Wallaroo were eliminated from the competition.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Trophy Finals, Finals Week 3, 6 August, Agricultural Society Trophy
The premiership was interrupted for a few weeks to play the Intercolonial matches, NSW v. Queensland. As a result, the semi finals for the Agricultural Society Trophy were not played until Saturday, 6 August. The first semi saw the Premiers, Randwick, defeated by the Pirates 6 points to 3. Overall, the game disappointed with only one try each. A penalty goal gave the Pirates the win with them progressing to the final. The second semi resulted in an astonishing win for Sydney, 19 to nil. The University team played without their entire regular three-quarter line due to a measles epidemic. Sydney were the stronger team, progressing to meet the Pirates in the final.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Trophy Finals, Finals Week 4, 13 August, Agricultural Society Trophy
The final was played in wonderful warm weather and attracted a sizeable crowd of 6000. Both teams, the Pirates and Sydney, played strong games. There was little to differ between the two forward packs. The Pirates had the stronger backs, which assisted in giving them the win, 9 to 3. Once again, both teams scored a try, with the Pirates winning the match with two penalty goals. With this victory, the Pirates won the trophy for the second year. They were also awarded their first Premiership.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Lower Grades
The MRFU also conducted three junior competitions: First Juniors, Second Juniors and Third Juniors.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Lower Grades, First Juniors
Nine clubs initially signed up for the First Junior Premiership. These were: Bulwara, Marrickville, Buccaneer, Manly Federal, Adelphi, Rockdale, North Sydney, Newtown and South Sydney. By the time of the first round, Wallaroo II had joined the competition making 10 teams. During the season, both North Sydney and Bulwara withdrew from the competition leaving only 8 teams competing for a spot in the finals. At the conclusion of the regular games, South Sydney, Rockdale, Newtown and Marrickville qualified for the semi finals. The season ended with Marrickville winning the final against South Sydney 5 points to nil and being declared Premiers.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Lower Grades, Second Juniors
In 1898, the Second Junior Premiership saw 9 teams sign up. These were: Endeavour, Newtown Orlando, Redfern Waratah, Forest Lodge Cambridge, Waverley, Homebush, University II, Glebe and Gladesville. By the end of the regular games, Forest Lodge Cambridge had withdrawn from the competition leaving 8 teams. Redfern Waratah and Glebe were tied at the top of the ladder with 6 wins and a draw each. The two teams faced Waverley and Newtown Orlando in the semi finals. The final saw Glebe beat Waverley 13 to 5 at the Burwood Cricket Ground. Glebe were declared Premiers with an unbeaten record winning 8 of their matches and drawing 1.


1898 Metropolitan Rugby Union Season, Lower Grades, Third Juniors
The 14 teams that signed up for the Third Junior Premiership were: Arncliffe, Botany, Endeavour II, East Sydney, Marrickville B, Summer Hill Oaklands, Victoria, Granville Royal, Willoughby Federals, Newtown Avenue, Buccaneer II, Forest Lodge Cambridge II, South Sydney B, Alexandria Premier. At the conclusion of the regular games, Botany, Granville Royal, Willoughby Federals and Forest Lodge Cambridge II qualified for the semi finals. The final was played between Botany and Willoughby Federals which resulted in a scoreless draw. The game was replayed with Botany winning the game and the Premiership.


1898 Miami Redskins football team
The 1898 Miami Redskins football team was an American football team that represented Miami University during the 1898 college football season.


1898 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1898 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team represented Michigan Agricultural College (MAC) in the 1898 college football season. In their second year under coach Henry Keep, the Aggies compiled a 4–3 record and outscored their opponents 142 to 127. Coach Keep was an engineering student who had transferred from the University of Michigan.


1898 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1898 season also featured the first installment of the Michigan–Michigan State football rivalry; Michigan won the game on a Wednesday at Ann Arbor, Michigan, by 39 to 0 score. Three days after losing to Michigan, the Aggies also lost the second installment of the Michigan State–Notre Dame football rivalry; Notre Dame won the game at South Bend, Indiana, by 53 to 0 score.


1898 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team, Game summaries, Michigan
The 1898 season marked the first game played in the intrastate rivalry between Michigan and Michigan State. The teams met in Ann Arbor on October 12, 1898, and Michigan won, 39 to 0. The Detroit Free Press wrote that the game was "essentially a practice game," as Michigan played 25 different players during the game. Charles Widman scored two touchdowns and was "the strongest ground-gainer" for Michigan. In the second half, Keena also kicked a field goal from a place-kick, "the first time a Michigan eleven has ever scored in that fashion." The game was played in 20-minute halves. The referee was J. C. Knight.


1898 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team, Game summaries, Michigan
After the 1898 shutout, Michigan sent its freshman team against Michigan Agricultural for the next three years. The two rivals have played each other more than 100 times since the inaugural meeting in 1898.


1898 Michigan State Normal Normalites football team
The 1898 Michigan State Normal Normalites football team represented Michigan State Normal School (later renamed Eastern Michigan University) during the 1898 college football season. In their first and only season under head coach Enoch Thorne, the Normalites compiled a record of 1–5–2, failed to score in five of eight games played, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 100 to 19. Fred Q. Gorton was the team captain.


1898 Michigan State Normal Normalites football team
Enrollment at Michigan State Normal reached 915 students in October 1898.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1898 Michigan Wolverines football team represented the University of Michigan in the 1898 Western Conference football season. With Gustave Ferbert in his second year as head coach, the team compiled an undefeated 10–0 record, outscored its opponents 205–26, and won the Western Conference (now known as the Big Ten Conference) championship for the first time in the school's history.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1898 season included the first meeting in the Michigan - Michigan State football rivalry with Michigan winning the inaugural game by a score of 39–0. The 1898 Wolverines shut out a total of six opponents, including Notre Dame (23–0). The team concluded its season by playing Amos Alonzo Stagg's University of Chicago team for the Western Conference championship. The Wolverines beat the favored Chicago Maroons by a 12–11 score in a game that inspired Louis Elbel to write Michigan's fight song "The Victors."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team
Several Michigan players received post-season honors. Halfback Charles Widman was the team's scoring leader with 12 touchdowns, including a 65-yard touchdown run against Chicago. Center William Cunningham was selected as a first-team All-American by Caspar Whitney in Harper's Weekly – the first Michigan football player to receive first-team All-American honors. Walter Camp selected two Michigan players, Cunningham and tackle Allen Steckle, as second-team All-Americans. Five Wolverines were chosen as first-team players on Caspar Whitney's All-Western team: William Caley at halfback, Cunningham at center, Steckle at tackle, and Neil Snow and John W. F. Bennett at the ends.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Pre-season
By 1897, the finances of the Michigan Athletic Association under constantly changing student control were "at a low ebb." In 1898, the Association asked Charles A. Baird, formerly a student manager of the football team, to return to Ann Arbor as the "graduate manager" or "superintendent" of athletics. Baird was given "complete control of all branches of athletics at Michigan" in order to induce him to return to the school. One of Baird's first moves was to persuade trainer Keene Fitzpatrick to rejoin him at the school.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Pre-season
Fitzpatrick had been the trainer of the 1894 and 1895 teams, but spent the 1896 and 1897 seasons as the trainer for Yale's football team. Baird and Fitzpatrick have been credited with much of the success of the 1898 football team. Gustave Ferbert, who had played on the 1893–1895 teams managed by Baird, stayed on as coach in 1898.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Pre-season
The 1897 team had finished with a record of 6–1–1, losing the Western Conference championship on the last day of the season to the University of Chicago. Several key linemen from the 1897 team returned in 1898, including ends John W. F. Bennett and Clayton Teetzel, tackle Allen Steckle, guard William Caley, and center William Cunningham. However, the starters from the 1897 backfield were lost to graduation and had to be replaced largely with untested players, including quarterbacks Charles E. Street and William Wilson Talcott, fullback Alanson Weeks, and freshman halfback Charles Widman. Fullback Leo J. Keena returned from the 1897 team, but he had contracted malaria while serving during the summer of 1898 in the Spanish–American War and was unable to play beyond the fourth game of the season.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Michigan State Normal
Michigan opened its 1898 season with a 21–0 win over Michigan State Normal School (now known as Eastern Michigan University). The game was considered to be "essentially a practice game" in which the coaches played 24 men at different times to assess their abilities. Michigan's first touchdown came after three minutes of play on a drive that started on Normal's 40-yard line. Waldo Avery ran around end for 22 yards and subsequently ran across the goal line from the 10-yard line. Leo J. Keena kicked the goal from touchdown. George Whitcomb scored the second touchdown on a 15-yard run, and Neil Snow scored the third touchdown of the half after recovering a fumbled punt.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Michigan State Normal
The second half was reported to be a "very poor exhibition of football" with substitutes playing at most positions. Michigan's sole points of the second half came on a fumble recovery by William Louis Day. Michigan missed the extra point kicks on its final three touchdowns. (Touchdowns were worth five points and goals from touchdown (or extra points) worth one point under 1898 rules.) Guy Blencoe also missed a field goal from placement from the 40-yard line in the second half. In assessing the team's performance, the Detroit Free Press opined that the team was green, ragged, and slow, and concluded that "the coaches certainly have their work cut out for them if they are going to make a winning team out of the raw material at hand."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Michigan State Normal
Michigan's starting lineup against Normal was Snow (left end), Wood (left tackle), France (left guard), Carr (center), Kramer (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Bennett (right end), Talcott (quarterback), Avery (left halfback), Van Cleve (right halfback), and Keena (fullback). Players appearing in the game as substitutes for Michigan were White (left tackle), Brown (center), Smith (center), Allen (right guard), Dyer (right guard), Day (right tackle), Mohr (left halfback), Whitcomb (right halfback), Blencoe (right halfback), Malone (right halfback), Weeks (fullback), and Hoover (fullback).


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Kenyon
On October 8, 1898, Michigan defeated the team from Kenyon College, 29–0. In the first half, the Kenyon eleven "played a snappy game" and drove the ball to Michigan's two-yard line before the Michigan line held. Michigan led 6–0 at halftime. In the second half, Michigan added 23 points. Waldo Avery, Charles Widman, Leo J. Keena, Guy Blencoe, and Neil Snow scored touchdowns for Michigan. Keena kicked four goals from touchdown. In its account of the game, the Chicago Daily Tribune wrote that Whitcomb, Widman, and Talcott "put up the best game."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Kenyon
The game was played in 20-minute halves. Michigan's starting lineup against Kenyon was Teetzel (left end), Wood (left tackle), Caley (left guard), Brown (center), France (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Snow (right end), Barabee (quarterback), Avery (left halfback), Whitcomb (right halfback), and Keena (fullback). Players appearing as substitutes for Michigan were Hicks (left end), Dye (center), Allen (right guard), McDonald (right tackle), Talcott (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), and Blencoe (right halfback).


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Michigan Agricultural
The 1898 season marked the first game played in the intrastate rivalry between Michigan and Michigan State (then known as Michigan Agricultural College). The teams met in Ann Arbor on October 12, 1898, and Michigan won 39–0. The Detroit Free Press wrote that the game was "essentially a practice game," as Michigan played 25 different players during the game. Charles Widman scored two touchdowns and was "the strongest ground-gainer" for Michigan. Additional Michigan touchdowns were scored by Clayton Teetzel, Clifford Barabee, Allen Steckle, and Fred William Hartsburg. Teetzel and Leo J. Keena kicked two extra points each. In the second half, Keena also kicked a field goal from a place-kick, "the first time a Michigan eleven has ever scored in that fashion."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Michigan Agricultural
The game was played in 20-minute halves. Michigan's starting lineup against Michigan Agricultural was Teetzel (left end), Day (left tackle), Caley (left guard), Smith (center), France (right guard), McDonald (right tackle), Snow (right end), Talcott (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), Whitcomb (right halfback), and Barabee (fullback). Players appearing in the game as substitutes for Michigan were Hicks (left end), Wood (left tackle), Kramer (left guard), Brown (center), Dye (center), Bennett (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Richardson (right end), Hartsburg (quarterback), Weeks (quarterback and right halfback), Baldwin (left halfback), Keena (fullback). The referee was J. C. Knight.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Michigan Agricultural
After the 1898 shutout, Michigan sent its freshman team against Michigan Agricultural for the next three years. The two rivals have played each other more than 100 times since the inaugural meeting in 1898.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Western Reserve
On October 15, 1898, Michigan defeated the team from Adelbert College, a branch of Western Reserve University, 18–0. George Whitcomb scored two touchdowns for Michigan, and Charles Widman scored one. Whitcomb made "the star run of the game" on a 55-yard touchdown run in the second half. Charles Street kicked two extra points, and Leo J. Keena kicked one. The game was played in halves of 25 and 20 minutes.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Western Reserve
Michigan's starting lineup against Western Reserve was Teetzel (left end), Wood (left tackle), Caley (left guard), Dye (center), France (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Snow (right end), Talcott (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), Barabee (right halfback), and Hannan (fullback). Players appearing in the game as substitutes for Michigan were White (left tackle), Brown (center), McDonald (right tackle), Blencoe (left halfback), Whitcomb (right halfback), Keena (fullback), and Street (fullback). The referee was R. M. Simmons.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Case
On Wednesday, October 19, 1898, Michigan played a mid-week game against the team from the Case Scientific School from Cleveland. Michigan won the game, 23–5. On Michigan's opening drive, William Caley missed on a place kick for a field goal from the 20-yard line. Clifford Barabee scored Michigan's first touchdown ten minutes into the first half. Neil Snow kicked the goal after touchdown. Charles Widman scored Michigan's second touchdown with three minutes left in the first half, and Snow again kicked the goal after touchdown.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Case
According to The Michigan Alumnus, "Widman was the star ground gainer for Michigan and his two long runs of 45 and 33 yards were clever exhibitions." On the kickoff that followed Michigan's second touchdown, the Wolverines were called for holding, and Case took over at Michigan's 25-yard line. Case took advantage of its field position with a drop kick for a field goal (good for five points) from the 35-yard line. Widman scored another touchdown just before the close of the first half, and Snow successfully kicked his third goal from touchdown. In the second half, play was impaired by the onset of darkness. Allen Steckle scored the only points of the second half on a 12-yard run.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Case
The game was played in halves of 20 and 15 minutes. Michigan's starting lineup against Case was Teetzel (left end), White (left tackle), Caley (left guard), Brown (center), France (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Snow (right end),  Talcott (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), Barabee (right halfback), and Weeks (fullback). Players appearing in the game as substitutes for Michigan were Smith (center) and Street (fullback). The referee was Clarke from Chicago.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Notre Dame
On October 22, 1898, Michigan played Notre Dame for the first time since 1888. Michigan won the game, 23–0, in Ann Arbor. William Caley scored three touchdowns in the game, and Clifford Barabee scored Michigan's other touchdown, while Neil Snow was successful on three of four attempts at goals from touchdown. Charles Widman set up the first touchdown with a 45-yard run around Notre Dame's left end before he was tackled at the  three-yard line. Caley carried the ball across the goal line, but Snow's kick for goal failed.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Notre Dame
Michigan's second touchdown came late in the first half after Fleming fumbled a punt, and Barabee recovered the ball at the Notre Dame 45-yard line. Widman ran for 26 yards, and Barabee then gained another 10 yards. Caley ran the ball across the goal line from the three-yard line, and Snow kicked the goal.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Notre Dame
On the opening play of the second half, Caley kicked off to Notre Dame. The kick was fumbled by Notre Dame, and Caley recovered the ball at Notre Dame's 48-yard line. Michigan drove the ball to the three-yard line, and Barabee scored the touchdown. Michigan's fourth touchdown was set up by a 25-yard punt return by William Wilson Talcott. Caley scored from the four-yard line, and Snow kicked the extra point. At the end of the game, the biggest crowd of the season "rushed the players off the field in honor."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Notre Dame
Notre Dame's highly touted 6-foot, 4-inch, 256-pound center, John Eggeman, was held in check by Michigan's backup center Harry Brown. The Chicago Daily Tribune reported: "Eggeman, the big center rush of the visitors, did not prove nearly so hard a proposition for Brown as was anticipated, and taken altogether the visitors' strength was considerably overestimated, if they played their game today." The Irish managed only one first down and lost five fumbles. Notre Dame halfback George Lins punched a Michigan player in frustration, claiming he had been held throughout the game by Michigan's quarterback. Notre Dame suspended Lins from the following week's game. The field in Ann Arbor was reported to be a "mudbath," which favored the Wolverines who played the game in long cleats.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Notre Dame
Michigan' starting lineup against Notre Dame was Bennett (left end), White (left tackle), Caley (left guard), Brown (center), France (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Snow (right end), Talcott (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), Barabee (right halfback), and Weeks (fullback). Players appearing as substitutes for Michigan were Teetzel (left end), McDonald (left tackle), Blencoe (right halfback), and Street (fullback). The game was played in 20-minute halves.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Alumni game
On October 31, 1898, the Michigan football team played the school's alumni as part of the school's homecoming celebration. The Michigan band met a train carrying 300 alumni from Detroit and led the alumni to Regents Field. The Michigan varsity defeated the alumni by a score of 11–2. Allen Steckle scored the game's first touchdown after seven minutes of play, and Neil Snow kicked the extra point. In the second half, Charles Widman scored a second touchdown giving the varsity an 11-0 lead.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Alumni game
The alumni's two points were scored when Edwin Denby forced Charles Street to make a safety on a punt. The game was considered an exhibition and did not count toward Michigan's season record. The university's Student Athletic Association began sponsoring alumni games in 1897. The university band, glee and banjo clubs, and fraternities, participated in the event.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Alumni game
Athletic director Charles A. Baird noted that the alumni games were organized to gain alumni support for the school's athletic teams, to allow the current athletes to benefit from the experience and knowledge of the alumni players, and to bring the alumni together "so that they may renew old acquaintances and promote good fellowship, college spirit and interest in their alma mater."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Alumni game
The alumni game was played in 25- and 20-minute halves. The starting lineup for the varsity was Bennett (left end), Avery (left tackle), Caley (left guard), Cunningham (center), France (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Snow (right end), Street (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), Whitcomb (right halfback), and Weeks (fullback). Varsity substitutes were Teetzel (left end), White (left tackle), Dye (left guard), Talcott (quarterback), Baldwin (right halfback), McDonald (fullback), and Hannan (fullback).


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Alumni game
The starting lineup for the alumni team was Loomis Hutchinson (left end), Giovanni R. "Count" Villa (left tackle), "Pa" Henninger (left guard), Edwin Denby (center), Forrest M. Hall (right guard), William C. Malley (right tackle), Gilmore D. Price (right end), Howard Felver (quarterback), Gustave Ferbert (left halfback), Horace L. Dyer (right halfback), and Ignatius M. Duffy (fullback). Alumni substitutes were M. Snow (right guard), Roger Sherman (right end), and Le Roy (right halfback).


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
On November 5, 1898, Michigan opened its Western Conference schedule by playing Northwestern. The game was played in front of a small crowd at Evanston, Illinois, with Michigan fans seated in newly built stands on the east side of the field. The Northwestern fans were seated on the west side of the field and were led by two bands.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
Michigan won a close game by a score of 6 to 5. On Northwestern's second drive, Bothne carried the ball 40 yards to Michigan's ten-yard line. Bothne eventually carried the ball across the goal line to give Northwestern a 5–0 lead. Northwestern's extra point kick attempt was made into a strong wind and sailed one foot wide of the crossbar. Coach  Bannard of Northwestern argued that Northwestern should have been granted another attempt at the extra point and blamed the referee for the defeat.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
The Chicago Daily Tribune wrote: "Referee Brown refused to permit a second try, although Michigan was off side." The Tribune blamed the officials for regularly allowing Michigan to line up off side: "Brown, the pudgy Michigan center, was over the line half of the time before Little could get the ball started, and through that hole, during the second half, a man named Weeks plunged with disastrous regularity."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
On offense, Michigan drove 60 yards for a touchdown on its next drive after Northwestern scored. Charles Widman began the drive with a 30-yard gain. When the ball was pushed close to Northwestern's goal line, William Caley carried the ball and was "dragged over the line." Neil Snow kicked the extra point that proved to be Michigan's margin of victory. Alanson Weeks was credited with "brilliant" work and big gains, while Allen Steckle was described as the star of the game with his "smashing plunges." Michigan reportedly made frequent use of "a mass play on tackle."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
The Wolverines drove the ball to Northwestern's five-yard-line on four drives but failed to score a touchdown, having one drive halted by a holding penalty and three others stopped on downs. The Chicago Daily Tribune described Northwestern's goal-line stands as follows:


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
"Many times the Michiganders raised the song of victory as the ball was forced under the shadows of the Northwestern posts, but before the chorus had died away the grim men in purple, fighting frantically to defend the goal, drove back the invaders and punted out of danger.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
Then the fierce battering would begin again, Michigan would hurl its weight of muscle and sinew against the crumbling line of purple, and inch by inch the ball would travel back toward the final line; again the chant of victory would rise from the Wolverines only to die away in disappointment, while wild yells poured down under the fluttering ribbons of the Evanston supporters."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
As time ran out, Michigan fielded a Northwestern kick. In what the Tribune called an "exciting mixup," players and trainers from each team then rushed for the ball. "The gang mixed up in lively style, and for a minute fists smashed all through the crowd. The police rushed in and the disturbance was instantly quelled, but eventually Michigan secured the ball and carried it off as a prize to its trophy-room."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, At Northwestern
The game was played in 35-minute halves. Michigan's starting lineup against Northwestern was Bennett (left end), White (left tackle),  Caley (left guard), Cunningham (center),France (right guard),  Steckle (right tackle), Snow (right end), Street (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), Barabee (right halfback), and McDonald (fullback). Players appearing in the game as substitutes for Michigan were Avery (left tackle) and Weeks (fullback).


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, vs. Illinois
Michigan's second conference game was a 12 to 5 win over Illinois at Detroit. The game was played after heavy rains had turned the field at the Detroit Athletic Club into "a veritable sea of mud." Michigan won the game in front of a crowd of 3,500 spectators. After five minutes of play, "the men were plastered with mud," and the wet field contributed to poor footing and difficulties handling the ball. The Wolverines won despite what one writer described as "ragged play" that included a number of penalties for offsides and "keeping of hands."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, vs. Illinois
Clifford Barabee scored Michigan's first touchdown as he was shoved into the endzone by his teammates. Illinois' only score came in the first half after Michigan's fullback, Alanson Weeks, fumbled, and Illinois player picked it up and ran 50 yards for a touchdown. Michigan completed the scoring in the second half with a touchdown drive that included runs of 10 and 15 yards by John McLean and additional gains by Neil Snow, Charles Widman and Allen Steckle. Widman scored the touchdown on an end run. Right end John Bennett successfully completed both of his point after touchdown kicks for the Wolverines.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, vs. Illinois
The game was played in 35-minute halves. Michigan's starting lineup against Illinois was Bennett (left end), White (left tackle), Caley (left guard), Cunningham (center), Baker (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Snow (right end), Talcott (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), Barabee (right halfback), and Weeks (fullback). Players appearing in the game as substitutes for Michigan were Avery (left tackle), Whitcomb (fullback), Allen (left guard), Kramer (right guard), Teetzel (left halfback), and Hicks (right end).


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Beloit
On November 19, 1898, Michigan defeated the team from Beloit College, 22–0. Michigan's 22 points exceeded the totals compiled against Beloit by both Chicago (21 points) and Wisconsin (17 points). McLean returned the opening kickoff 55 yards, but the first half turned into a punting duel. William Caley moved from his position on the line at guard to the backfield as fullback. Because of Caley's strong punting (40 to 55 yards per attempt), Michigan gained 15 to 20 yards on the exchange of punts.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Beloit
The Chicago Daily Tribune wrote that Caley's "punting was faultless, and his line bucking set the crowd wild." Michigan scored three touchdowns in the first half and one in the second half. Michigan's touchdowns were scored by Charles Widman (2), Allen Steckle, and Caley. Neil Snow kicked two extra points. Widman scored the first touchdown after nine minutes of play, and Snow kicked the extra point. The second touchdown was set up by a 50-yard run by Snow, followed by a touchdown run by Widman.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Beloit
On defense, Michigan held Beloit scoreless, and Caley was credited with his work in backing up the line. The Chicago Daily Tribune wrote that the Wolverines "played by far the swiftest and best game of the year." With one of Chicago's coaches (Gale) and its captain (Kennedy) in attendance at the game, the Wolverines played "straight football" with the exception of "a delayed pass and ordinary criss-cross." Fred Hayner, who served as the referee, opined, "Michigan plays three times as fast a game as she did against Northwestern. She also played a cleaner game as far as holding and getting offside too."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Beloit
The game was played in 20-minute halves. Michigan's starting lineup against Beloit was Bennett (left end), White (left tackle), Baker (left guard), Cunningham (center), France (right guard), Steckle (right tackle), Snow (right end), Street (quarterback), Widman (left halfback), McLean (right halfback), and Caley (fullback). Players appearing in the game as substitutes for Michigan were Avery (left tackle), Brown (center), Talcott (quarterback), and Whitcomb (right halfback). The referee was Fred Hayner from Lake Forest.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
Michigan concluded its undefeated season on Thanksgiving Day with a 12–11 victory over the Chicago Maroons at Marshall Field. The game was played for the championship of the Western Conference. In order to accommodate the crowd of Michigan fans traveling to Chicago for the game, the Michigan Central Railroad arranged for two special trains to run from Ann Arbor to Chicago at a round trip price of five dollars. The special excursion tickets allowed fans to spend the weekend in Chicago and return on Monday.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
A crowd of 12,000 spectators attended the game. The New York Times wrote: "The day and the grounds were ideal for football. The thermometer was lingering around the freezing mark, but the sky was cloudless, and the northwest wind was too light to interfere with the placing of punts." The Chicago team was favored and was reported to be "the heaviest that ever represented a college, the average weight of the men being over 190 pounds."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
Michigan's first score came after 25 minutes of play on a run by Charles Widman from the five-yard line. Widman was shoved over the goal line for a touchdown, and Neil Snow kicked the extra point to give Michigan a 6 to 0 lead. Later in the half, Chicago drove the ball to Michigan's 30-yard-line, and the Maroons' All-American Clarence Herschberger kicked a field goal from placement to cut Michigan's lead to 6 to 5. (Field goals were counted as five points.)


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
Early in the second half, Michigan scored its second touchdown and converted the extra point to take a 12–5 lead. Widman ran 65 yards for the touchdown on a "delayed pass" on the most exciting play of the game. The Chicago Daily Tribune described Widman's run:


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
"Widman scurried out of the back of the mass of players with the ball under his arm and down the field with nothing in sight ahead of him except the goal posts. All the fast men of the Chicago team went in fast pursuit. It was a beautiful race down the field. Three Chicago men were close behind. But the blue-legged runner gained almost imperceptibly at times, and then barely held his own. He could run as fast as his pursuers, and with his start was safe.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
If one or two of those Chicago players had made a dive for him perhaps he might have been stopped. One of them did try up near the goal, but missed him, tripping him slightly, but he rolled over the line. Michigan had another touchdown and the game, and the Western championship in its pocket."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
"The play was a revolving wedge on Chicago's left tackle. Their end and tackle had been drawn in by our men, and when the ball was given to me on a delayed pass I had a clear field, except for Chicago's backs. I ran as fast as I could diagonally across the field, realizing that I was hotly pursued. At last I was tackled on what I afterwards learned was about the six-yard line. I was slightly dazed by the fall, but saw a goal post ahead of me and managed to crawl over the line. I did not know I had made a touchdown, however, until Captain Bennett told me."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
Snow added his second extra point kick to give Michigan a 12–5 lead. Chicago responded with a touchdown run by its left guard, Burnett, and the extra point reduced Michigan's lead to a single point. Michigan forced Chicago to punt on its final possession, and the Wolverines became champions of the Western Conference for the first time in the school's history.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
One newspaper noted: "Michigan, with the exception of one or two double passes, relied almost altogether on straight football, line bucking and runs around the end. Chicago, on the contrary, used trick plays throughout but the team work was of a high order, as shown by both teams." After the game, Michigan's team captain, J.W.F. Bennett, told reporters: "Widman's sensational run was the feature of the game, but every player deserves the victory. We must thank Keene Fitzpatrick for our splendid condition." Chicago coach Amos Alonzo Stagg said: "It was perhaps the finest game of football ever played in the West. It certainly was spectacular and full of features."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, at Chicago
The game was played in 35-minute halves. Michigan's starting lineup against Chicago was Snow (right end), Steckle (right tackle), Baker (right guard), Cunningham (center), France (left guard), White (left tackle), Bennett (left end), Street (quarterback), McLean (right halfback), Widman (left halfback), and Caley (fullback).


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Championship celebration
During the Chicago game, 1,000 students gathered at the Athens Theater in Ann Arbor where they listened to a play-by-play account of the game as it was transmitted by telegraph from Chicago. Michigan gains were met with cheering. When Widman's touchdown run was announced, "It seemed as if the whole assembly was thrown into the air by a volcanic eruption. Men threw their hats and coats at one another and hugged and danced in the aisles for fully ten minutes." After the game, the crowd marched through the streets to President James B. Angell's home.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Championship celebration
President Angell greeted the crowd with a broad smile and said, "I congratulate you on the success of the Michigan team in Chicago this afternoon. It is a great victory, and we owe much to the men who have won the laurels of our victory from the brow of our sister institution of learning. It has been said that I am opposed to the game, but I wish to say that I, too, used to play in college. In those days, however, we played the Herschberger game, and used to kick the ball instead of the man. It is a great termination of the fall campaign, and we are greatly indebted to those who have so actively participated in it."


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Championship celebration
In Chicago, more than 1,000 Michigan fans paraded in a line through the University of Chicago campus behind the Michigan band singing Michigan songs and cheers. The parade ended at the Hotel Del Prado, where several Michigan players and alumni delivered speeches. On the Monday evening following the victory in Chicago, the team was welcomed back to Ann Arbor with a "rousing celebration." More than 2,000 students gathered around a huge bonfire, singing and cheering "until nearly midnight." It was reported that the Michigan students turned out with more enthusiasm than had been shown in Ann Arbor since the 1895 football team returned from a game against Harvard.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Post-season honors
Michigan's first Western Conference championship attracted the attention of the eastern football experts who selected the All-American teams. Based on the performance of Michigan's center, William Cunningham, in the Chicago game, Amos Alonzo Stagg recommended Cunningham as an All-American. In Harper's Weekly, Caspar Whitney, who originated the practice of selecting All-American teams in 1889, chose Cunningham for his first-team All-American eleven. Cunningham was the first Michigan football player to be so honored. His selection also "broke the unwritten tradition that All-Americans had to come from Yale, Harvard, Princeton or a few other Eastern schools." Whitney also named Charles Widman and John McLean as substitutes on his All-American team. Cunningham and Allen Steckle also received second-team All-American honors from Walter Camp in Collier's Weekly.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Post-season honors
Whitney also named five Michigan players to his All-Western team: Caley at halfback, Cunningham at center, Steckle at tackle, and Snow and Bennett at the ends. He named Widman and McLean as substitutes on his All-Western team.


1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, Season summary, Inspiration for "The Victors"
After watching Michigan's 12–11 victory over Chicago in 1898, Louis Elbel, who was at the time a student in the University of Michigan School of Music, was inspired to write "The Victors," which was later adopted as Michigan's fight song. He reportedly began composing the song at his sister's house in the Englewood section of Chicago and continued the effort on the return train ride from Chicago to Ann Arbor. Elbel's lyric, "Champions of the West," refers to Michigan's having won the Western Conference championship for the first time in the school's history. Elbel later recalled: