1896 Alabama Crimson White football team
In spring 1895, the University Board of Trustees passed a rule that prohibited athletic teams from competing off-campus for athletic events. As such, all games scheduled for the 1896 season were played on campus at The Quad. In their first game, Alabama shutout the Birmingham Athletic Club before they lost their only game of the season against Sewanee. The Crimson White then closed the season with their second shutout victory of the year against Mississippi A&M.


1896 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Birmingham Athletic Club
In the first game played against the Birmingham Athletic Club (B.A.C.) since the 1893 season, Alabama defeated the Athletics 30–0 in Tuscaloosa. Alabama scored their first touchdown early in the first half when a B.A.C. fumble was recovered and returned 50-yards for a touchdown. They scored four more touchdowns and made five successful PAT's in their 30–0 shutout victory. In what was the final all-time contest against the Athletics, the victory improved Alabama's all-time record against the Birmingham Athletic Club to 2–3.


1896 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Sewanee
Against Sewanee, Alabama lost their first game of the season, 10–6. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Sewanee to 1–2.


1896 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Mississippi A&M
In their final game of the season, Alabama defeated the Mississippi A&M Aggies, 20–0, at Tuscaloosa in the first all-time meeting between the long-time rivals. Alabama took a 12–0 halftime lead after Putnam and Frank White scored touchdowns with A. B. McEachin converting both PAT's. In the second half Samuel Slone scored on a 45-yard touchdown run and the Aggies quarterback was sacked for a safety on the last play of the game to make the final score 20–0.


1896 Alabama gubernatorial election
The 1896 Alabama gubernatorial election took place on August 3, 1896, in order to elect the Governor of Alabama. Incumbent Democrat William C. Oates decided not to run for a second term in office.


1896 Albion football team
The 1896 Albion football team was an American football team that represented Albion College in the 1896 college football season. Under first-year head coach and former star halfback F. J. Shipp, Albion compiled a 4–4 record, and were outscored by their opponents 124 to 67. In the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, the team finished with a 2–1 record.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1896 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the tenth staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition. It was the first championship in which a goal was worth three points. Limerick won their second, and so far last, title.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, Results, Leinster
The final was abandoned after 50 minutes of play. It was refixed on several occasions but never replayed. On 2 January 1898 Dublin were awarded the Leinster title.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
The 1896 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final was the ninth All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1896 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
Limerick were represented by the Commercials club with Young Irelands representing Dublin.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
Bill Murphy scored Limerick's decisive goal, after which Limerick sat back to defend their lead. Limerick have not appeared in an All-Ireland football final since.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1896 was the tenth series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition. Tipperary won the championship, beating Dublin 8–14 to 0–4 in the final.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Rule change
At the Gaelic Athletic Association's (GAA) annual congress it was decided to change the value of a goal. From 1892 until 1896 a goal was worth five points; however, the new change resulted in a goal being worth three points.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Format
Final: (1 match) The two provincial representatives made up the two final teams with the winners being declared All-Ireland champions.


1896 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final
The 1896 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was the 9th All-Ireland Final and the culmination of the 1896 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland. The match was held at Jones' Road, Dublin, on 27 March 1898 between Dublin, represented by club side Commercials, and Tipperary, represented by club side Tubberadora. The Leinster champions lost to their Munster opponents on a score line of 8-14 to 0-4.


1896 Argentine Primera División
The 1896 Primera División was the 5th season of top-flight football in Argentina. The season began on May 10 and ended on August 15. The championship took the format of a league of 5 teams, with each team playing the other twice.


1896 Argentine Primera División
The title was won by Lomas Academy, the second team of Lomas Athletic Club, which played its last tournament being then dissolved. Buenos Aires and Rosario Railway merged with Belgrano Athletic Club which debuted that season.


1896 Arkansas Industrial Cardinals football team
The 1896 Arkansas Industrial Cardinals football team represented the University of Arkansas during the 1896 college football season. During the 1896 season, Arkansas again played two games against Fort Smith High School. Arkansas won both games by scores of 10–0 and 6–2. On October 24, 1896, Arkansas played the second intercollegiate football game in program history, facing the team from Drury College in Springfield, Missouri. Drury defeated Arkansas by a 34–0 score.


1896 Arkansas Industrial Cardinals football team
The roster of the 1896 football team included the following players: H. Y. Fishback (captain); L. R. Putnam; Frank James; T. O. Potts; R. P. Rutherford; V. V. Allen; E. Carter; J. W. Pollard; A. J. McDaniel; L. G. Crowley; J. Mitchell; G. W. Gunnel; F. Horsfall; L. F. Owens; and T. A. Edwards. John C. Futrall was the team's "manager", and B. N. Wilson was the "trainer".


1896 Arkansas gubernatorial election
The 1896 Arkansas gubernatorial election was held on September 7, 1896.


1896 Arkansas gubernatorial election
Incumbent Democratic Governor James Paul Clarke did not stand for re-election, but instead ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate.


1896 Arkansas gubernatorial election
Democratic nominee Daniel W. Jones defeated Republican nominee Harmon L. Remmel and Populist nominee Abner W. Files with 64.26% of the vote.


1896 Army Cadets football team
The 1896 Army Cadets football team represented the United States Military Academy in the 1896 college football season. In their first and only season under head coach George P. Dyer, the Cadets compiled a 3–2–1 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 93 to 45. The Army–Navy Game was not played in 1896.


1896 Army Cadets football team
No Army Cadets were honored on the 1896 College Football All-America Team.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash
The 1896 Atlantic City rail crash occurred soon after 6:30 pm on July 30, 1896, at a crossing just west of Atlantic City, New Jersey, crushing five loaded passenger coaches, killing 50 people and seriously injuring approximately 60.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Accident
A train consisting of five cars left Atlantic City over the West Jersey Railroad bearing a special excursion of members of the Improved Order of Red Men and their friends from Bridgeton and Salem, New Jersey, and had reached the crossing of the Reading Railroad when it was struck by the 5:40 down express train from Philadelphia. Two cars were demolished and the two cars following were telescoped.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Accident
The engine of the Reading train was wrecked, the engineer killed, and the fireman fatally injured. The car behind it was thrown from the track and many of its occupants were killed or injured.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Accident
In 1896, leaving Atlantic City, the tracks of the West Jersey Road were parallel to those of the Camden and Atlantic Railway until they crossed the drawbridge, when they switched off to the south, crossing the Reading Road at an oblique angle.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Accident
John Greiner, the engineer of the West Jersey train, saw the Reading train approaching the crossing at a swift speed, but as the signals were open for him to proceed on his way, he continued. His engine had barely cleared the crossing when the locomotive of the Reading train, which left Philadelphia at 5:40 pm, struck the first car full in the centre, throwing it far off the track in a nearby ditch, and submerging it completely. The second car of the West Jersey train was also carried into the ditch, the third and fourth cars being telescoped. The engine of the Reading train was thrown to the other side of the track, carrying with it the first coach.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Accident
A few minutes after the collision, the boiler of the Reading locomotive exploded, scalding several people to death and casting boiling spray over many of the injured passengers.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Emergency response
As soon as the news reached Atlantic City it spread rapidly, and thousands of people came to the scene. The road leading to the collision was a constant scene of hackney carriages, omnibuses, bicycles, and all kinds of vehicles, while thousands of pedestrians hurried along the path to render what assistance they could or to satisfy their curiosity.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Emergency response
After darkness, the work of rescuing the injured and recovering the bodies of the dead was performed by the glare of huge bonfires. As onlookers watched through the night, the mangled and burned bodies of the dead were carried from the wreckage that trapped them and laid side by side on the gravel bank near the track, with no covering other than the few newspapers gathered from the passengers. The wounded were gathered together quickly and carried by train and wagon to the Atlantic City Hospital, where six of them died soon after their arrival. Two others died within a day, with 42 people having been killed at the collision scene.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Emergency response
The old Excursion House at the foot of Mississippi Avenue was converted into a morgue, and the dead were taken there.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Emergency response
During the first night after the crash, the streets in the vicinity of the Excursion House and the City Hospital, as well as the road leading to the scene of the accident, were packed with people anxious to learn the latest news.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Emergency response
The Bridgeton and Salem excursionists who escaped injury were brought back to Atlantic City and sent home on a special train several hours later in the evening.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Emergency response
James W. Hoyt, Secretary of the New Jersey Department of Public Safety, immediately upon learning of the extent of the accident, telegraphed for the Philadelphia Medical Emergency Corps, fifteen of whom responded, and hurried to Atlantic City on a special train that left Philadelphia at 10:45 pm. These surgeons materially aided Atlantic City's volunteer corps, which was composed of almost every physician then living in the city.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Emergency response
Many of the injured were taken to hotels, as the city hospitals soon became overcrowded. About thirty of the wounded had their injuries dressed and were able to proceed on their way.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Emergency response
The wife of Edward Farr, the Reading engineer who died while on the job, and was found with one hand on the throttle and the other on the brake, when informed of the accident and of her husband's death, was unable to withstand the shock, and fell to the floor dead.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Inquest
County Coroner William McLaughlin, immediately upon hearing of the accident, went to the scene. He went directly into the block tower and questioned operator George F. Hauser. Hauser told him that he thought the excursion train had time to cross the tracks of the Reading before the express got there and he set the "clear" signal for the West Jersey train. (The signalling system worked as follows: the interlocking block system was used. There were three poles with semaphores controlled by the tower on the reading tracks and two on the West Jersey. The pole furthest from the tower on the Reading tracks was distant about 2,000 yards. The other two were much closer. When the operator set the "clear" signal on the Pennsylvania track, this would automatically set the "danger" signal on the Reading track, and vice versa.)


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Inquest
Before Hauser could make a further explanation to the coroner he received an order from the railroad officials not to say anything. He obeyed. Pending an investigation, Hauser was arrested by the coroner, but was released on $500 bond. A jury was impanelled the next day.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Inquest
Testimony on August 4 seemed to implicate the dead Reading Railroad express engineer, Edward Farr. His action in running at a speed of forty-five miles an hour past a danger signal seemed inexplicable to those present at the inquest. His reputation was that of an experienced engineer and a man of exceptionally good moral character, and not of a reckless or careless disposition. Only two weeks previous to the accident his train was signaled to stop at that very crossing, and he obeyed promptly.


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Inquest
The coroner's jury returned verdicts on August 7. Six jurors merely stated the manner of the passengers' deaths. Three found that "Engineer Edward D. Farr of the Atlantic City Railroad failed for have his engine under proper control on approaching [the] crossing, and that Tower Man George F. Hauser, in giving the excursion train of the West Jersey Railroad the right of way over a fast express used bad judgment... [ and] that Engineer John Greiner of said excursion train erred in not exercising greater care on crossing ahead of said fast express."


1896 Atlantic City rail crash, Inquest
Three others found that "the cause of the collision was the failure of Edward Farr, engineer of Train No. 23, to give heed in time to the semaphore signals and crossing under the rules...the tower man, George F. Hauser, may have used poor judgment in his estimate of the distance away of the Atlantic City Railroad train when he gave the white boards to the West Jersey and Seashore Excursion Train No. 700."


1896 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1896 Atlantic hurricane season was fairly inactive but produced one of the costliest hurricanes ever to strike the United States until that point, along with several other destructive tropical cyclones. The season began in early July with a hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico and ended in late November with a slow-moving tropical storm over the Lesser Antilles. Of the season's seven documented systems, six are believed to have become hurricanes, and two intensified into major hurricanes—the equivalence of Category 3 or greater on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson scale.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season
All but one of the systems directly affected land to some degree; Hurricane "Six" remained over open water and only posed a threat to shipping lanes. In addition, a possible storm was identified off the coast of North Carolina on August 28–29, but modern reanalysis efforts have found insufficient evidence to classify it as a tropical cyclone. Tropical systems in the 1896 season killed at least 286 people and inflicted more than $10 million (1896 USD) in damage.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season
The first hurricane made landfall in the Florida Panhandle on July 7, causing wind damage and coastal flooding in Pensacola, and destroying boats at port. No activity was observed until late August when a hurricane triggered widespread river flooding in Puerto Rico. After moving north, this storm struck eastern New England. Hurricane "Three" avoided land, but its outer periphery generated gusty winds in the Outer Banks of North Carolina.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season
On September 29, fast-moving Hurricane "Four" became one of the costliest United States hurricanes on record at the time after swamping Florida's Cedar Keys with a large storm surge and subsequently causing extensive devastation in the eastern United States. The hurricane caused 202 deaths and more than $9 million in damage across eight states, plus Washington, D.C. and the Great Lakes. About two weeks later, Hurricane "Five" roughly paralleled the U.S. East Coast, causing substantial coastal flooding and destruction of beachfront property. Little is known about the season's sixth hurricane which never affected land. Torrential rainfall associated with the final tropical storm of the season triggered deadly flooding on Montserrat, where nearly 50 people drowned and many more lost their homes.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane One
The first documented tropical cyclone of the 1896 season has unclear origins. Although its official track in the National Hurricane Center's Atlantic hurricane database shows a northwestward path over Cuba, contemporary United States Weather Bureau maps indicated formation in the western Gulf of Mexico, and news reports discussed an eastward motion of the storm. Additionally, no severe weather was observed in Cuba during the month of July. In any event, the storm likely intensified into a hurricane on July 5, and around midday on July 7, it made landfall on the Florida Panhandle east of Pensacola, at Category 2 intensity. Upon moving ashore, the hurricane produced powerful winds as high as 100 mph (160 km/h). The storm rapidly weakened as it moved inland, and after tracking north for five days, its remnants dissipated near Baffin Bay on July 12.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane One
Widespread damage was reported in Pensacola and along the coast, with watercraft suffering the greatest losses. In the city's harbor, the storm sank nine fishing boats, damaged two barques and a brig, and wrecked numerous smaller vessels. The winds damaged chimneys, signs, awnings, overhead wires, and some buildings throughout the city. About 35 house were unroofed, along with several stores, a hotel, and a church. Fallen trees rendered streets impassable, and railroads near the shore were washed out. Total damage in the city was estimated at $100,000.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane One
As the storm moved inland, gusty winds and heavy rainfall extended into parts of Alabama, Georgia, the Carolinas, and southern Virginia. Precipitation peaked at 12.0 inches (300 mm) in Greenwood, South Carolina. On the morning of July 8, rainbands on the storm's eastern side spawned a tornado in Halifax County, North Carolina, that killed one person and destroyed several houses. Several more tornadoes developed in Virginia later in the day, causing five injuries and scattered damage.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
On August 30, a tropical storm materialized east of the Lesser Antilles, on a northwestward course. The next night, it made landfall on the southern coast of Puerto Rico as a Category 2 hurricane, accompanied by severe rain and wind. The storm passed just north of Hispaniola and Cuba over the next several days, delivering tropical storm-force winds to the islands. On the evening of September 6, while near the Bahamas, a steamship crossed the center of the hurricane and recorded a barometric pressure of 28.24 inHg (956 mbar).


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
This corresponds to maximum sustained winds of 115 mph (185 km/h), or a Category 3 major hurricane, which represents storm's peak intensity. The ship suffered extensive damage and lost one crew member when he fell overboard. Tracking generally northward, the storm weakened to minimal hurricane intensity before making landfall over eastern Massachusetts on September 10, with 80 mph (130 km/h) maximum sustained winds extending to a radius of 35 mi (55 km) from the center. Sustained hurricane-force winds were observed in both Rhode Island and Massachusetts as the storm moved ashore. The system transitioned into an extratropical cyclone shortly thereafter.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
Several rivers in Puerto Rico overflowed, leading to extensive flooding. Five homes were destroyed along the coast of Juana Díaz. Later, the storm generated damaging winds along the Northeastern United States coast from New Jersey to eastern New England, wreaking havoc on beachfront property and small craft. High storm tides inundated streets, wharves, and cellars along the coast, while farther inland, high winds damaged crops and stripped orchards of their fruit. Wind gusts reached 80 mph (130 km/h) at Point Judith, Rhode Island, where five vessels were destroyed, and 75 mph (121 km/h) on Block Island.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
In Providence, the storm brought down communications wires and lodged numerous yachts against the coast. To the north, four sloops sank in Dorchester Bay. In Boston, the storm caused minor wind damage, mostly limited to chimneys, fences, and signs. On September 14, a stricken Italian barque called the Monte Tabor grounded out on a sandbar off Cape Cod after encountering the hurricane several days earlier. Seven of the ship's crew members made it safely to shore, but inexplicably, three others—including the captain—committed suicide upon running aground.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
An unusually large storm formed east of the Lesser Antilles by September 18. It tracked northwestward, and on September 22, falling air pressure was observed at Havana, Cuba, some 500 mi (800 km) southwest of the storm's center. Several ships encountered the hurricane in the Gulf Stream on September 23, with one of them suffering damage to her sails.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
The hurricane recurved to the northeast far from the East Coast of the United States, but still produced northeasterly wind gusts as high as 58 mph (93 km/h) at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, and 51 mph (82 km/h) at Cape Hatteras, roughly 300 mi (480 km) northwest of the hurricane. Although its intensity and path are not certain, the Atlantic hurricane database tracks the storm until dissipation south of Iceland on September 28.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
The most destructive tropical cyclone of the season, and one of the costliest hurricanes ever to strike the United States at the time, passed through the Leeward Islands as a tropical storm on September 22, and moved westward Through Caribbean Sea south of Hisponiola and Jamaica. Intensifying into a Category 3 major hurricane, the storm moved through the Yucatán Channel on September 28, then accelerated toward the north-northeast. In the early morning on September 29, the hurricane struck Florida's Cedar Keys and moved inland across Levy County.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
The small but intense hurricane sped northward through northern Florida and southern Georgia; its rapid movement allowed it to maintain much of its severity over land. Extremely high winds accompanied the hurricane to the east of its track through the Mid-Atlantic states, and a band of heavy rain fell to its west from northern North Carolina to southern Pennsylvania. While becoming extratropical, the storm struck Washington, D.C., late on September 29, and after crossing central Pennsylvania, it dissipated near the Southern Tier of New York. Its remnants merged with another low pressure area over the Great Lakes.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
The Cedar Keys were struck by a devastating 10.5 ft (3.2 m) storm surge that undermined buildings, washed out the connecting railroad to the mainland, and fully submerged the smaller, outlying islands where 31 people were killed. Strong winds destroyed many of the red cedar trees that played an important role in the economy of the region, and several cedar mills were severely damaged or destroyed. In interior Florida, the hurricane devastated many communities, leaving thousands of people homeless. Few homes or businesses were left standing in the hardest-hit areas.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
In northern Florida and southern Georgia, the hurricane razed millions of acres of pine forests, which crippled the local turpentine industry. In Savannah, Georgia, a 45-minute onslaught of fierce winds unroofed thousands of structures and left parks in a state of disarray. Damage to shipping and shoreline settlements in the Sea Islands was extensive.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
As the hurricane continued northward, cities and agricultural districts alike suffered extensive damage in Virginia. Flash flooding in the Shenandoah Valley culminated in the failure of an earthen dam upstream from Staunton, unleashing a torrent of water that swept homes from their foundations and ravaged the town's business district. In Washington, D.C., thousands of trees were uprooted or snapped, communications were severed, and localized streaks of violent gusts damaged many public and private buildings. Many trees, some of historical significance, were blown down on the White House grounds.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
In Pennsylvania, flooding rains and powerful wind gusts produced widespread destruction, washing out railroads in western areas while demolishing hundreds of barns in and around Lancaster County. The storm demolished a 5,390 ft (1,640 m) bridge over the Susquehanna River, while the Gettysburg Battlefield lost hundreds of trees, a few of which landed on historical monuments. Damaging winds brought down trees and powerlines throughout the Northeastern United States, and the hurricane's extratropical remnants wrought havoc on shipping in the Great Lakes. Along the storm's path, it caused at least 202 deaths, and wrought more than $9.6 million in damage.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Five
This cyclone was first noted in the southern Gulf of Mexico as a weak tropical storm on October 7. It tracked toward the east-northeast and made landfall in a sparsely populated region of Southwest Florida around 00:02 UTC on October 9. After crossing the Florida Peninsula, it turned more northeastward and gradually intensified. The unusually slow-moving hurricane attained its peak intensity early on October 11, with estimated maximum sustained winds of 100 mph (155 km/h). Shortly thereafter, it made its closest approach to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, passing roughly 115 mi (185 km) to the southeast. For several days, the hurricane brushed the coast from Virginia to southern New England with hurricane-force wind gusts. The storm became extratropical by 00:00 UTC on October 14, and struck the coast of central Nova Scotia before dissipating on October 16.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Five
The storm had generally minor effects in Florida, mostly limited to coastal flooding in northeastern portions of the state. The Mid-Atlantic coastline experienced flooding storm tides that inundated and greatly eroded Cobb's Island, part of the Virginia Barrier Islands. Hotels and cottages there were extensively damaged. The storm claimed about 50 acres (20 ha) of Cobb's Island, reducing its size by two-thirds; subsequently, the inhabitants abandoned the island and its use as a resort ended. Along the Jersey Shore, low-lying railroads were flooded, boardwalks were destroyed, and many beach houses sustained damage.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Five
The hurricane did $200,000 in damage to coastal installations on New York's Coney Island. To the north, wind gusts as high as 80 mph (130 km/h) affected eastern New England, where shipping interests were heavily impacted by the storm. Three sailors died when a schooner went aground along the coast of Delaware, and another was tossed overboard while battling rough seas offshore. Overall damage amounted to $500,000.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
Little is known about the sixth storm of the season, which was first observed near  on October 17, and intensified into a moderate hurricane as it roamed the open Atlantic for two weeks. It was last noted near  on November 9. On October 28, a ship was damaged by a severe squall or possible tornado, accompanied by frequent thunder and lightning, about 800 mi (1,300 km) to the northwest of the storm's estimated track. This incident may have been related to the hurricane if it were exceptionally large, and represents the only extant observation of the storm that modern reanalysis efforts were able to uncover.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Seven
The final documented system of 1896 formed over the far southern Windward Islands on November 27. As the storm slowly tracked northward, torrential rainfall and strong winds overspread Trinidad, Saint Vincent, and Barbados. Several days of rainfall over Montserrat culminated in a "cloud burst" late on November 28, with improving conditions reported by the next morning. The storm remained below hurricane intensity and was last noted on November 29, just over 100 mi (160 km) northeast of Anguilla. In the affected islands, heavy precipitation gave rise to flash flooding along mountain streams and in valleys, destroying crops and property. Cotton, coffee, and sugar plantations sustained significant damage.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Seven
On Montserrat, one plantation recorded at least 21.15 in (537 mm) of rain in 21 hours, though the rain gauge overflowed between each of the three observations, preventing an accurate total from being obtained. It was speculated that several feet of rain may have locally fallen on certain hillsides, as evidenced by landslides that swept away trees, boulders, and large volumes of earth. Thirty-one people drowned in Plymouth after their homes were swept into the sea. Roadways were washed out in many places and the torrents reportedly washed out all but one bridge on the island.


1896 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Seven
In total, 46 people drowned in the floods, while many others were left homeless. Secretary of State for the Colonies Joseph Chamberlain estimated monetary damage at £10,000 ($49,000). The destruction was compounded by a series of earthquakes that began during the storm's passage. A ship called the ship Grecian, bound from Trinidad to London, England, grounded out on a rocky section of Montserrat's coastline. Twenty-nine out of the 30 crew members died in the wreck; the sole survivor was the first mate, who reached solid ground by clutching to a piece of floating debris, and walking inland several miles.


1896 Auburn Tigers football team
The 1896 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 1896 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. It was the Tigers' fifth season. The team was led by head coach John Heisman, in his second year, and finished with a record of three wins and one loss (3–1 overall, 3–1 in the SIAA). The team's captain was Reynolds Tichenor.


1896 Auburn Tigers football team
The Georgia–Auburn game was a 12 to 6 victory by Georgia to finish its first undefeated season under Pop Warner. The game featured Tichenor's brilliant punt returns.


1896 Baltimore Orioles season
The Baltimore Orioles won their third straight National League pennant in 1896. After the season, they faced the Cleveland Spiders in the Temple Cup for the second year in a row. After losing 4 games to 1 in 1895, the Orioles swept the Spiders in four straight. The Orioles had now played in the Cup in each of its first three seasons, with this one being their first win.


1896 Baltimore Orioles season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1896 Baltimore Orioles season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1896 Baltimore Orioles season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1896 Baltimore Orioles season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1896 Baltimore Orioles season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing
The 1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing was an attack carried out by anarchists on the Feast of Corpus Christi procession in Barcelona on June 7, 1896.


1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing, Background
Anarchism in Spain had been increasingly popular among workers' groups since in 1870s. The continual failure of general strikes as a tool for galvanizing change to working conditions disappointed many, and the advocacy for use of violence began to take hold. In Catalonia, radical anarchist sentiment was particularly strong and previous attacks had been carried out by Paulí Pallàs against Arsenio Martínez Campos in September 1893 and by Santiago Salvador at the Liceu Theatre in November 1893. Both assailants were soon executed and in 1894 the government began an outright suppression of anarchism.


1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing, Bombing
A small group of anarchists originally planned to bomb the Corpus Christi procession on June 6, 1896, at Barcelona Cathedral. The group, led by Nogues Molas, abandoned the plot at the last minute, but another group convened the next day for the next stage of the procession. A single bomb was dropped from a building above on the procession as it passed through Carrer dels Canvis Nous street at 9 a.m. on June 7, 1896. Three congregants were killed instantly and many others were wounded. Another nine would die from their injuries in the following days.


1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing, Bombing
The identity of the perpetrator or perpetrators is disputed and remains controversial. Anarchists at the time denied any role in the bombing as its intended target, poorer working-class churchgoers, did not align with typical propaganda of the deed actions that targeted the rich bourgeoisie. Anti -clerical sentiments are found, however, in some late 19th century anarchist circles so the symbol of the Catholic Church could have been the intended target.


1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing, Bombing
Trade unionist and militant anarchist Tomás Ascheri is the most commonly accepted perpetrator and was accused and tried for the attack, although he denied his role until a confession was obtained under torture in 1897. Some anarchists claimed that a French agitator, François Girault, later confessed to the attack before fleeing to Argentina.


1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing, Aftermath
The infamous Montjuïc trials took place in 1897 where 87 alleged conspirators were accused and tried. Many of the detainees were outspoken against the use of violence and condemned the attack. Five defendants were sentenced to death and executed, including Ascheri, and another 67 were sentenced to imprisonment. While the sentences removed many prominent anarchist leaders from further activities, allegations of forced confessions and torture of defendants further radicalized other anarchists throughout Spain. In August 1897, Spanish Prime Minister Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was assassinated by anarchist Michele Angiolillo for his role in the Montjuïc trials.


1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing, Aftermath
Anarchist sentiment only hardened in Barcelona and 13 years after the Corpus Christi bombing, Barcelona workers staged a general strike in 1909 that was violently suppressed. Later, during the Spanish Civil War, Barcelona was the epicenter of the brief Anarchist Catalonia state.


1896 Belfast North by-election
The Belfast North by-election of 1896 was held on 22 January 1896. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Irish Unionist Party MP, Edward Harland. It was won by the Irish Unionist Party candidate James Horner Haslett.


1896 Belgian general election
Partial legislative elections were held in Belgium on 5 and 12 July 1896. Under the alternating system, elections were held in only five out of the nine provinces: Antwerp, Brabant, Luxembourg, Namur and West Flanders. Thus, only 77 seats out of the 152 seats in the Chamber of Representatives were up for election. The Catholic Party retained their absolute majority.


1896 Belgian general election
The Liberal Party, who lost two-thirds of their seats in the previous elections, saw their number of seats decrease further.


1896 Beloit football team
The 1896 Beloit football team was an American football team that represented Beloit College in the 1896 college football season. Under first-year head coach Charles M. Hollister, Beloit compiled a 2–1–3 record and outscored their opponents 86 or 92 to 24.


1896 Birthday Honours
The 1896 Birthday Honours were appointments by Queen Victoria to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The Queen, and were published  in The London Gazette on 20 May and 26 May and in The Times on 20 May 1896.


1896 Birthday Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1896 Birthday Honours, United Kingdom and British Empire, Privy Councillor
The Queen appointed the following to Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council:


1896 Boston Beaneaters season
The 1896 Boston Beaneaters season was the 26th season of the franchise.


1896 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1896 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1896 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1896 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1896 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1896 Boston College football team
The 1896 Boston College football team represented Boston College during the 1896 college football season.


1896 Boston College football team
This was the first year of the Boston College–Holy Cross football rivalry, and produced one of its most controversial games. BC and HC both claim to have won their November 14 matchup at the South End Grounds, after each one refused to follow referees' instructions following a disputed play with three minutes remaining in the game. Holy Cross was leading 6–4 when Boston College scored what its players, and a raucous home crowd, asserted was the go-ahead touchdown; Holy Cross maintained the runner had been tackled for a loss.


1896 Boston College football team
Officials initially ruled in favor of Holy Cross, and Boston College's players refused to take the field, leading the officials to declare a 6–4 Holy Cross win. Under pressure from the Boston crowd, however, they reversed their decision and asked Holy Cross, which had now left the field itself, to resume play. Holy Cross players refused. The game restarted with only Boston College players, who promptly scored a touchdown (then worth 4 points) to end the game with an 8–6 victory. Decades later, the two colleges continued to disagree on who had won the game.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa
1896 British Isles tour to South Africa was a rugby union tour undertaken by the British Isles, one of the first British and Irish Lions tours. The team toured South Africa for the second time in 1896. Between 11 July and 5 September, they played 21 games, including four tests against South Africa. The British Isles XV won the Test series 3–1 and completed the 17-game provincial program unbeaten, scoring 204 points and conceding just 45 in all matches.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
The squad had experience on their side in the shape of two veterans of the 1891 campaign, the captain Johnny Hammond and fellow forward Froude Hancock. For the first time the squad also included a notable Irish contingent. Nine Irishmen were included in the touring party of 21. These included Thomas Crean, Larry Bulger, Jim Sealy, Andrew Clinch and Louis Magee, all of whom had just helped Ireland win the 1896 Home Nations Championship.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
Robert Johnston had won two caps for Ireland in 1893. The other three – Arthur Meares, Cecil Boyd and James Magee, the brother of Louis – had not yet been capped by Ireland at the time of this tour. Crean and the Magee brothers were amongst the few Catholics in the touring party and on the Sunday after they arrived, they begged to be excused from joining an excursion to Hout Bay.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
On being pressed for a reason for such a refusal, they shyly admitted that they had been three Sundays on board ship, without Mass, and they would like to attend church. The management committee replied that they could all go to their various churches if they pleased, and that the excursions would start afterwards.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
Hammond's squad was considered to have an outstanding pack but be comparatively weak in the three-quarter line. Louis Magee and England full-back Fred Byrne were the stars of the backline, but it was a forward eight inspired by Tom Crean that laid the foundations for the team's success. Hammond, was injured early in the tour and it was Crean who took over the role in his absence. The team's only draw came in an early game against Western Province.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
Before the game, the new Prime Minister of the colony, Sir Gordon Sprigg, insisted on entertaining the tour party in the grand manner of his predecessor, Cecil Rhodes. Crean, captain for the day, sensing a ruse, sternly warned his players to limit their lunchtime consumption to just four tumblers of champagne, but it would appear some lost count. They escaped with a lucky 0–0 draw, but in a later game a much more sober team avenged the result 32–0, their biggest win of the tour.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
Facing a South Africa side captained by Ferdie Aston, brother of Randolph Aston, a member of the 1891 British team, the tourists dominated at forward throughout but could only score two tries in an 8–0 win. South Africa scored their first tries in international rugby in the second Test but still went down 17–8. In the third, the hosts actually led but were overhauled to go down 9–3, with Byrne kicking a conversion and a drop goal to set a record.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
He remained the only player to score 100 points while on tour in South Africa until 1960 when Don Clarke of New Zealand beat his record. South Africa improved, however, and won the final test 5–0 at Newlands. It was the previously flawless Byrne who lost possession to spark the attack from which Alf Larard scored the game's only try.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
When the tour ended, both Crean and Johnston remained in South Africa. During the Second Boer War they both served with the Imperial Light Horse and were both subsequently awarded the Victoria Cross. One member of the Lions squad, Cuth Mullins, was a South African who was studying at the University of Oxford. His brother, Charles Herbert Mullins, also won a VC during the same engagement as Johnston. The fly half, Rev. Matthew Mullineux, was awarded the Military Cross in the First World War while another member of squad Walter Carey became the Archbishop of Bloemfontein; both men became Military Chaplains for the British Navy.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Tour overview
As on the previous tour in 1891, the tourists played in red and white hooped shirts and dark blue shorts.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, Match summary
Complete list of matches played by the Lions in South Africa:


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, First Test
British Isles: CA Boyd, LQ Bulger, JF Byrne, OG Mackie, R Johnston, M Mullineux, AM Magee, RC Mullins, AF Todd, W Mortimer, PF Hancock, WJ Carey, J Sealy, AD Clinch, TJ Crean capt.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, First Test
South Africa: D Lyons, Percy Twentyman-Jones, Biddy Anderson, Ferdie Aston, E Olver, FR MyBurgh capt., Frank Guthrie, JJ Wessels, P Scott, PJ Meyer, M Bredenkamp, Frank Douglass, BH Heatlie, CG van Renen, HC Gorton


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Second Test
British Isles: JT Magee, LQ Bulger, JF Byrne, OG Mackie, R Johnston, SP Bell, AM Magee, J Hammond capt., AF Todd, W Mortimer, PF Hancock, WJ Carey, J Sealy, AD Clinch, TJ Crean


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Second Test
South Africa: Davey Cope, Theo Samuels, HH Forbes, Ferdie Aston capt., Bill Taberer, A Larard, G St. L Devenish, JJ Wessels, P Scott, AM Beswick, Jim Crosby, Charlie Devenish, Tom Mellett, JB Andrew, CW Smith


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Third Test
British Isles: AWD Meares, LQ Bulger, JF Byrne, OG Mackie, R Johnston, SP Bell, AM Magee, RC Mullins, AF Todd, W Mortimer, PF Hancock, WJ Carey, J Sealy, AD Clinch, TJ Crean capt.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Third Test
South Africa: Theo Samuels, Percy Twentyman-Jones, Biddy Anderson, Ferdie Aston capt., Albert Powell, Bill Cotty, Jackie Powell, JJ Wessels, P Scott, AM Beswick, M Bredenkamp, DJ Theunissen, EW Kelly, PJ Dormehl, CW Smith


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Fourth Test
British Isles: AWD Meares, JT Magee, JF Byrne, OG Mackie, LQ Bulger, SP Bell, AM Magee, J Hammond, AF Todd, W Mortimer, PF Hancock, WJ Carey, J Sealy, AD Clinch, TJ Crean capt.


1896 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Fourth Test
South Africa: Theo Samuels, Percy Twentyman-Jones, Biddy Anderson, Ferdie Aston, T Hepburn, A Larard, T Etlinger, HA Cloete, P Scott, AM Beswick, P De Waal, HD Van Brockhuizen, BH Heatlie capt., PJ Dormehl, CG Van Renen


1896 Brooklyn Bridegrooms season
The 1896 Brooklyn Bridegrooms finished the season in tenth place in the crowded National League race.


1896 Brooklyn Bridegrooms season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = runs; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1896 Brooklyn Bridegrooms season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = runs; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1896 Brooklyn Bridegrooms season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Bases on balls; SO = Strikeouts; CG = Complete games


1896 Brooklyn Bridegrooms season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Bases on balls; SO = Strikeouts; CG = Complete games


1896 Brown Bears football team
The 1896 Brown Bears football team represented Brown University in the 1896 college football season.


1896 Buchtel football team
The 1896 Buchtel football team represented Buchtel College (later renamed as the University of Akron) in the 1896 college football season. The team was led by first-year head coach Harry Wilson. They were outscored by their lone opponent 0–32 and finished with a record of 0 wins and 1 loss (0–1).


1896 Buffalo football team
The 1896 Buffalo football team represented the University at Buffalo in the 1896 college football season. The team compiled an 8–1–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 210 to 41. The team had no coach and played its home games at Buffalo Athletic Field and Olympic Park in Buffalo, New York.


1896 Bulgarian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria on 29 November 1896. The elections were marred by disturbances, particularly in Sofia. The elections were won by the ruling party (the People's Party) led by Prime Minister Konstantin Stoilov.


1896 Calgary municipal election
The 1896 Calgary municipal election was scheduled for December 14, 1896 to elect a Mayor and nine Councillors to sit on the thirteenth Calgary City Council from January 4, 1897 to January 3, 1898.


1896 Calgary municipal election
The entire council was acclaimed upon the close of nominations on December 7, 1896.


1896 Calgary municipal election, Background
Voting rights were provided to any male, single woman, or widowed British subject over twenty-one years of age who are assessed on the last revised assessment roll with a minimum property value of $200.


1896 Calgary municipal election, Background
The election was held under multiple non-transferable vote where each elector was able to cast a ballot for the mayor and up to three ballots for separate councillors.


1896 California Golden Bears football team
The 1896 California Golden Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of California, Berkeley during the 1896 college football season. The team competed as an independent under head coach Frank Butterworth and compiled a record of 6–2–2.


1896 Canadian federal election
The 1896 Canadian federal election was held on June 23, 1896, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 8th Parliament of Canada. Though the Conservative Party, lead by Prime Minister Charles Tupper, won a plurality of the popular vote, the Liberal Party, led by Wilfrid Laurier, won the majority of seats to form the next government.


1896 Canadian federal election, Description
The governing Conservative Party, since the death of John A. Macdonald in 1891, was disorganized. Following Macdonald's death, John Abbott spent a year as Prime Minister before handing over to John Thompson. Thompson proved a relatively popular Prime Minister, but his sudden death in December 1894 resulted in his replacement by Mackenzie Bowell, whose tenure as Prime Minister proved a disaster. The Conservatives soon became viewed as corrupt and wasteful of public funds, partially due to the McGreecy-Langevin Scandal. Issues like the Manitoba Schools Question had cost the party support in both French and English Canada.


1896 Canadian federal election, Description
Though Bowell nominally remained Prime Minister until the election was called, leadership of the Conservative Party had been functionally taken over by Sir Charles Tupper, a Father of Confederation and former Premier of Nova Scotia. Earlier, in February 1896, Tupper introduced remedial legislation to settle the Manitoba dispute, but it was filibustered by an alliance of extreme Protestants led by Dalton McCarthy and the Liberals. This filibuster resulted in Tupper abandoning the bill and asking for a dissolution. Parliament was dissolved on April 24, 1896, and, in accordance with an agreement between Bowell and Tupper that the latter would become Prime Minister following the election call, he became prime minister on May 1, 1896, thus forming the 7th Canadian Ministry.


1896 Canadian federal election, Description
Tupper argued that the real issue of the election was the future of Canadian industry, and he insisted that Conservatives needed to unite to defeat the Patrons of Industry. However, the Conservatives were so bitterly divided over the Manitoba Schools Question that wherever he spoke, he was faced with a barrage of criticism, most notably at a two-hour address he gave at Massey Hall in Toronto, which was constantly interrupted by the crowd.


1896 Canadian federal election, Description
The election saw a great change in the Liberal Party. While the Liberals had traditionally been the party for radical change and free trade, in the 1896 election, they embraced a much more conservative platform. That helped many of the traditional supporters of the Conservative Party move to the Liberals. The most important change was Laurier's support of the National Policy, an important cause to the powerful business interests of Montreal and Toronto. The Liberal campaign was directed by an ex-Conservative, Joseph Israël Tarte. Laurier was also a strong supporter of provincial rights, and a number of powerful Liberal premiers supported the campaign, such as Ontario's Oliver Mowat and Nova Scotia's W. S. Fielding, both of whom who won seats in the House and were appointed to cabinet after the election.


1896 Canadian federal election, Description
Ending up, the Conservatives won the most votes in the 1896 election (48.2% of the votes, in comparison to 41.4% for the Liberals). However, while they captured about half of the seats in English Canada, they suffered losses in Quebec, where Tupper's reputation as an ardent imperialist was a major handicap. Tupper's inability to persuade Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau to return to active politics as his Quebec lieutenant ended any chances of the Conservatives winning that province. Laurier's Liberals won a landslide victory in Quebec.


1896 Canadian federal election, Description
Although Laurier had won the election on June 24, Tupper initially refused to cede power, insisting that Laurier would be unable to form a government even if the Liberal Party won 55% of the seats in the House of Commons. However, when Tupper attempted to make appointments as prime minister, Governor General Lord Aberdeen refused. Tupper resigned, and the governor general invited Laurier to form a government.


1896 Canadian federal election, National results
* Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.


1896 Carlisle Indians football team
The 1896 Carlisle Indians football team represented the Carlisle Indians football team of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School during the 1896 college football season. The Indians were coached by Bill Hickok in his 1st year as head coach. The team compiled a record of 5–5 and outscored opponents 164 to 102.


1896 Carlisle Indians football team
Carlisle played games against college football's "Big Four" (Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Penn) and nearly defeated Yale. The New York Times reported on a run by Isaac Seneca that nearly won the game against Yale:


1896 Carlisle Indians football team
"Seneca was given the ball to go through the centre. He got through with one or two Yale men hanging on to him. Then he squirmed and shook off the Yale men, dodged a man or two, and, making a splendid run down the field, made what was thought to be a touchdown. Nearly all on the grounds shouted themselves hoarse. Men waved their hats in the air, pretty gals clapped their hands ..."


1896 Carlisle Indians football team
However, the referee waved off the touchdown, ruling that Seneca was "down" when the Yale players hung on to him. The New York Times wrote the next day that the referee had made the wrong call and that Carlisle had been robbed of a touchdown, but the game went into the record books as a 12–6 win for Yale.


1896 Carlton Football Club season
The 1896 VFA season was the 20th season in the Victorian Football Association to be contested by the Carlton Football Club. The club finished equal-last out of thirteen teams, with a record of 2–14–2 from eighteen matches. It was the final VFA season contested by the club before joining the newly established Victorian Football League in 1897.


1896 Carlton Football Club season, Club summary
The 1896 VFA season was the 20th season of the VFA competition since its inception in 1877; and, having competed in every season, it was also the 20th season contested by the Carlton Football Club. It was the last time the club ever competed in the VFA as a senior club, before the club joined the Victorian Football League competition the following year; Carlton would later return to the former VFA from 2000 to 2002, but fielding its reserves team rather than its senior team.


1896 Carlton Football Club season, Club summary
Carlton's primary home ground in 1896 was the University Cricket Ground, within the grounds of the University of Melbourne in Carlton; but, home matches were also moved to the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Jolimont, and to the Richmond City Reserve in Richmond.


1896 Carlton Football Club season, Club summary
Mr A. H. Shaw took over the role as president of the football club in 1896. Shaw replaced Mr F. B. Bromby, who had served in the role for one year in 1895.


1896 Carlton Football Club season, Season summary, Non-premiership matches
Carlton's played one non-premiership match in 1896. This match was played against Ballarat Imperial in Ballarat on the same weekend as Round 1 of the premiership seasons, during which both clubs had a bye.


1896 Carlton Football Club season, Season summary, Premiership season
In a generally uncompetitive season, Carlton finished with a record of 2–14–2 from eighteen matches, to finish equal last in the Association with Richmond. A draw against equal sixth-placed Port Melbourne was Carlton's best result, as all other premiership points earned came against teams finishing ninth or lower. Throughout the season, Carlton was in a battle with Richmond for last place on the ladder; Richmond ultimately won its last two matches, breaking a streak of fifteen losses in a row, to draw level with Carlton, thus resulting in the two clubs sharing last place.


1896 Carlton Football Club season, Ladder
The Association had no formal tie-breakers in cases where clubs were equal on premiership points.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane
The 1896 Cedar Keys hurricane was a powerful and destructive tropical cyclone that devastated much of the East Coast of the United States, starting with Florida's Cedar Keys, near the end of September 1896. The storm's rapid movement allowed it to maintain much of its intensity after landfall and cause significant damage over a broad area; as a result, it became one of the costliest United States hurricanes at the time.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane
The fourth tropical cyclone of the 1896 Atlantic hurricane season, it formed by September 22, likely from a tropical wave, before crossing the Caribbean Sea just south of the Greater Antilles. It entered the Gulf of Mexico as the equivalent of a major hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale, and struck the Cedar Keys—an offshore island chain that includes the island and city of Cedar Key—early on the morning of September 29 with winds of 125 mph (205 km/h).


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane
The area was inundated by a devastating 10.5 ft (3.2 m) storm surge that undermined buildings, washed out the connecting railroad to the mainland, and submerged the smaller, outlying islands, where 31 people were killed. Strong winds also destroyed many of the red cedar trees that played an important role in the economy of the region.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane
The cyclone continued inland over the Suwannee River valley, causing widespread destruction in dozens of communities across interior northern Florida; in the hardest-hit settlements, intense winds left few trees or buildings standing. The hurricane razed 5,000 sq mi (13,000 km2) of dense pine forests in northern Florida, crippling the turpentine industry. Crops and livestock were destroyed, and thousands of individuals were left homeless. The storm killed at least 70 people in mainland Florida, while inflicting approximately $3 million (equivalent to $92 million in 2019) in property damage across the state.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane
Speeding north, the hurricane ravaged southeastern Georgia and the Sea Islands. In Savannah, a 45-minute onslaught of fierce winds unroofed thousands of structures. Parks, cemeteries, and streets in the city were littered with fallen trees, and the Savannah River saw dozens of wrecked boats. At least 37 people in Georgia lost their lives. Strong winds and high tides battered southeastern South Carolina, ruining rice crops and peeling off roofs. The storm then tracked through mostly rural sectors of North Carolina and did significant wind damage in the Raleigh–Durham area.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane
Although the hurricane was weakening and transitioning into an extratropical cyclone late on September 29, its rapid forward movement contributed to high wind velocities across parts of the Mid-Atlantic states, with gusts approaching 100 mph (160 km/h). Additionally, torrential rains fell west of the storm's track. In Virginia, cities and agricultural districts alike suffered extensive damage. Flash flooding in the Shenandoah Valley culminated in the failure of an earthen dam upstream from Staunton, unleashing a torrent of water that swept houses from their foundations and ravaged the town's commercial district.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane
In Washington, D.C., thousands of trees were uprooted or snapped, communications were severed, and localized streaks of violent gusts damaged many public and private buildings. The White House grounds were left in disarray. High tides in the Chesapeake Bay triggered flooding in coastal cities. In Pennsylvania, flooding rains and powerful wind gusts produced widespread destruction. Railroads in western parts of the state were plagued by washouts and landslides, while in southeastern areas, hundreds of barns were destroyed.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane
The storm demolished a 5,390 ft (1,640 m) bridge over the Susquehanna River, while the Gettysburg Battlefield lost hundreds of trees, a few of which struck and damaged historical monuments. Strong winds extended as far east as Long Island. Heavy rainfall reached west into Ohio, and the hurricane's extratropical remnants wrought havoc on shipping in the Great Lakes. The storm caused at least 202 deaths and wrought more than $9.6 million (equivalent to $295 million in 2019) in damage.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
Although little is known about the system prior to its passage through the Leeward Islands as a tropical storm on September 22, it likely originated from a tropical wave that exited the western coast of Africa. Its track has been re-analyzed multiple times since the early 20th century. For several days, the storm moved westward through the northern Caribbean Sea, passing just south of Jamaica as a low-end hurricane on September 25. The cyclone steadily intensified, turned northward, and moved through the Yucatán Channel on September 28.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
The aftermath of the storm in western Cuba was consistent with the effects of a Category 1 hurricane on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson scale, suggesting that the storm was a major hurricane of Category 3 intensity while passing west of the island. As the storm entered the Gulf of Mexico, it began to accelerate and curve toward the north-northeast.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
In the early morning on September 29, the center of the hurricane made landfall on Cedar Key, Florida, with a minimum central pressure of 960 mb (28.35 inHg), and moved inland across Levy County. The cyclone possessed an unusually tight core, with a 17 mi (27 km) radius of maximum wind, and was traveling at a swift pace of about 35 mph (55 km/h). Consequently, its estimated maximum winds of 125 mph (205 km/h) were higher than pressure alone would suggest.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
The small but intense hurricane continued northeastward through northern Florida and southeastern Georgia, and its core contracted further; outside of a narrow corridor along the storm's track, winds were comparatively light. At Savannah, Georgia, air pressure fell 15 hPa (0.45 inHg) in 45 minutes as the storm center passed just to the west around midday on September 29. The system weakened as it sped northward through the Carolinas, but when it reached the Mid-Atlantic states on the evening of September 29, its increasingly rapid forward movement contributed to renewed wind violence.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Meteorological history
A band of heavy rain was observed along and west of the storm's track from northern North Carolina to southern Pennsylvania, with the heaviest totals exceeding 6 in (150 mm). As the storm transitioned into an extratropical cyclone by early on September 30, its envelope of damaging winds expanded. The extratropical system passed west of Washington, D.C., and progressed into central Pennsylvania, dissipating near the Southern Tier of New York. Its remnants continued into the St. Lawrence Valley, where they merged with another low pressure area.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath
As the hurricane passed to the south and then to the west of Cuba, strong winds and heavy rain showers were reported along the length of the island, beginning with Santiago de Cuba. Winds reached hurricane force at Cape San Antonio, the western tip of Cuba, and 60 mph (100 km/h) at Havana. However, few details of the effects in Cuba are available.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath
The hurricane chiefly affected the eastern United States, impacting a broad region from Florida to New York over the course of just 24 hours. It was, at the time, one of the costliest hurricanes ever to strike the country.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida
Newspapers referred to the hurricane as the "worst ever known" in Florida. It caused at least $3 million (equivalent to $92 million in 2019) in property damage throughout the state, and estimates of the number of individuals left homeless by the storm ran as high as 10,000 to 12,000.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
While the hurricane was still in the Gulf of Mexico on September 28, the Norwegian barque Saturn foundered off Key West. Her crew was rescued by a steamship and brought to New York City. As the storm came ashore, the Cedar Keys were struck by a 10.5 ft (3.2 m) storm surge that victims often erroneously called a "tidal wave." Yankeetown received an even higher storm surge of 12.6 ft (3.8 m).


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
The main street through the center of Cedar Key—the most populous island in the Cedar Keys island chain—was severely flooded by 8 ft (2.4 m) of water, which invaded every building and left large sinkholes when it receded. Sidewalks along the street were washed out. The surge of water undermined the foundations of stone buildings, weakening many of them to the point of collapse, while sweeping away weaker structures. Inside the buildings left intact, mud was sometimes found several feet deep. The hurricane also contaminated wells with seawater and debris, so residents were forced to travel for clean water. Hardest-hit were the small outlying islands, which were fully submerged by the storm surge and "completely cleared out". Survivors often braced against young, supple trees that were able to withstand the storm's force, or used pieces of debris as flotation devices.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
Powerful winds added to the destruction by damaging or leveling numerous churches and houses that managed to remain out of the flood's reach. The hurricane's cumulative force wrecked at least 100 homes on Cedar Key, and damaged or destroyed every building on nearby Atsena Otie Key. A fire broke out during the storm and reduced two large Cedar Key hotels to mounds of coquina. When the storm abated, streets were strewn with piles of debris, including trees, roofs, railroad ties, and boats.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
A large ship called the Luna Davis was tossed ashore and sat in the middle of Cedar Key's business district for weeks after the storm. Interests in shellfish harvesting took a significant blow, as the hurricane ruined oyster beds and carried most fishing boats out to sea. The 4 mi (6.4 km) stretch of the Florida Central and Peninsular Railroad connecting Cedar Key to the mainland was completely washed out, leaving boats to transport people, mail, and supplies until the railway was rebuilt in mid-October.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
The hurricane destroyed large swaths of red cedar trees (Juniperus virginiana) in the islands and along the adjacent coastline, although that resource had already been in decline due to unsustainable harvesting practices. Cedar wood from the area was prized for making high-quality pencils; some companies produced the pencils locally while others shipped processed cedar to their factories elsewhere. The Eagle Pencil Company mill on Cedar Key was destroyed.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
Across the channel on Atsena Otie Key, the Eberhard Faber mill lost 3,000 cases of cedar slats, as well as unprocessed timbers, at a loss of around $40,000 (equivalent to $1.2 million in 2019). Several other mills were destroyed. Damage to the Faber facility was repaired following the storm, but it closed just two years later due to a shortage of local cedar wood. Atsena Otie Key was abandoned a few years after the hurricane, largely attributable to the closure of the mill, which provided income for 100 households on the island.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
In total, 31 people are known to have been killed by the hurricane in the Cedar Keys, mostly on the exposed outer islands; very few casualties were reported on Cedar Key itself. Immediately after the storm, there were unconfirmed reports that an entire fleet of sponge diving boats sank near the Cedar Keys, leading to the deaths of some 700 men. Only a few bodies of sponge divers were recovered, and modern historians believe that most of the vessels actually rode out the storm in sheltered parts of the island chain.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
When news of the disaster in the Cedar Keys reached the mainland, many less damaged communities in Florida and Georgia formed relief groups to collect donations for storm victims. Answering pleas to "feed the hungry, clothe the naked, and provide shelter for the homeless," Jacksonville sent thousands of dollars in aid, while Albany residents donated 8,000 lb (3,600 kg) of emergency supplies within days of the storm. Henry Flagler pledged a donation of $1,000 (equivalent to $0.3 million in 2019). By the end of October, the Jacksonville relief committee turned its focus to distributing goods and provisions instead of money, shipping hundreds of barrels of nails—highly sought-after for rebuilding efforts—to the hardest-hit areas.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Cedar Keys and Levy County
The destruction of timber continued onto the mainland, prompting one observer to remark that no usable trees were left standing between the mouths of the Waccasassa and Suwannee rivers. In Williston, nearly a dozen residences were destroyed, killing at least one person and injuring 15 more. Six prison inmates were killed by a falling tree on a farm near the town, and in total, about 13 people lost their lives in mainland Levy County. Damage throughout the county, including the Cedar Keys, was estimated at $450,000 (equivalent to $13.8 million in 2019).


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Interior
Along the coast about midway between Tampa and Cedar Key, eight people on a sailboat died when their vessel was driven aground. In Tampa, the storm flooded low-lying areas, wrecked a bridge over Spanishtown Creek, and crumbled sea walls. As the hurricane proceeded inland, it devastated interior parts of the state. Reports from the hardest-hit localities were slow to reach the outside world because of extensive damage to communications infrastructure, as well as obstructed or washed out railroads. Initial reports indicated that at least 20 communities were "wrecked" by the hurricane.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Interior
In these areas, almost all stores and houses were demolished, particularly in western Alachua and eastern Lafayette counties. Debris was often carried for miles. Farmers lost livestock, crops, and provisions needed for the winter, and hundreds of families were left homeless with little or no food. Along the Suwannee River, storm victims sought refuge in a makeshift shelter constructed from stray timbers. Extreme winds razed entire pine forests across numerous counties, initially uprooting weaker trees before shearing the rest off at their trunks during the height of the storm.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Interior
By one estimate, the hurricane wiped out 5,000 sq mi (13,000 km2) of timber across the state. This transformed the landscape and gave it a "prairie-like appearance". The turpentine industry was decimated, as the value of the lost pine timber was estimated at $1.5 million (equivalent to $46.1 million in 2019). Additionally, stills used to process turpentine were mangled. Consequently, some 2,500 turpentine workers were left unemployed. Phosphate processing plants east of the Suwanee River also sustained $500,000 in damage (equivalent to $15.4 million in 2019).


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Interior
By several days after the hurricane, 12 people were reported dead across Alachua County. Five of them were in High Springs, including two seeking shelter in a box car that was blown off the tracks. Four turpentine workers in LaCrosse were crushed to death when a fallen tree landed on their cabin, and three others in the town were killed. In Newberry, which was "totally wrecked", three people died. About 20 homes and businesses in Gainesville were ravaged, as were a sawmill, church, and warehouse.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Interior
In Boulogne, Nassau County, five people were killed when a school building collapsed; four were crushed inside, and a baby was fatally struck by airborne timbers from the disintegrating structure. One child escaped the school but later died along with two others when her house collapsed. Another school collapse in Hilliard took the lives of four individuals. Along the St Marys River in Kings Ferry, strong winds drove two ships into a marsh, killing three sailors. Six others died nearby. One sawmill owner donated free lumber to Kings Ferry residents so they could rebuild their homes.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Interior
Several communities in Baker County were devastated, leaving seven people dead, as many as 100 injured, and hundreds destitute. The county sheriff estimated that merely a dozen houses out of a thousand survived the storm, that thousands of cows were killed, and that hundreds of thousands of trees were toppled. Not one church or school was left standing in the county, and damage there was estimated at $250,000 (equivalent to $7.7 million in 2019). Eight people were killed in Suwannee County, including two children crushed by the collapse of their home near Wellborn.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Florida, Interior
In Columbia County, dozens of buildings suffered near or total destruction, while nine people were killed. One woman lost her life in Grady, a small settlement in Lafayette County. Additionally, there were five fatalities in Bradford County, including one man reportedly struck by flying bricks that were lofted nearly a half mile downwind. Strong winds and heavy rainfall affected areas as far southeast as St. Augustine. In Fernandina Beach, the hurricane toppled oak trees and destroyed buildings. Although wind gusts in Jacksonville reached 70 mph (110 km/h), the effects were generally insignificant.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Georgia
The hurricane still had considerable strength when it entered southeastern Georgia. The winds brought down telephone, telegraph, and electric wires throughout the region, severing communications. Damage in the Sea Islands was extensive, costing an estimated $500,000 (equivalent to $15.4 million in 2019); by some accounts, the winds were more intense than in the catastrophic hurricane of 1893, but without the exceptionally high storm surge. The tropical cyclone caused severe damage to the islands' plantations, ruining around a third of the rice crop, devastating the cotton crop, and killing up to 100 people.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Georgia
Charlton and Camden counties bore the brunt of the storm's force in Georgia, as evidenced by the complete clearing of dense pine forests east of Folkston. This dealt a $500,000 (equivalent to $15.4 million in 2019) blow to the turpentine industry. Many structures in Folkston were destroyed, including multiple churches, a courthouse, and a school that collapsed with 38 students inside, all of whom safely escaped. In small communities throughout extreme southeastern Georgia, the storm caused widespread destruction of homes and businesses. Six people in Camden County were killed, including four in a logging settlement that was ravaged near the Florida border.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Georgia
In Brunswick, freight cars in rail yards were badly damaged, and railroads were clogged by fallen trees and utility poles. Estimates of property damage in Brunswick ran as high as $500,000 (equivalent to $15.4 million in 2019), while five people died and many more were injured by flying debris. Hurricane-force wind gusts lifted the roof off the Oglethorpe Hotel and shattered its windows, while the L'Arioso Opera House, regarded as one of Brunswick's "most beautiful buildings", collapsed in the hurricane. At least six churches were severely damaged in the city, along with dozens of stores and residences.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Georgia
The hurricane sank numerous large vessels in the Brunswick harbor, including one loaded with 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) of dynamite, and blew others aground. Observers reported the masts of submerged sailing ships protruding from the surface of the water. On St. Simons Island, the storm destroyed bath houses, cottages, churches, and a pier, and inundated a hotel with sea water. Black settlements on the island suffered extensively. Overall, damage on St. Simons Island totaled $150,000 (equivalent to $4.6 million in 2019). To the north, damage was similarly severe in Darien. Eight people there were reported dead and buildings were "torn to pieces."


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Georgia
Sustained winds in Savannah reached 75 mph (120 km/h), though maximum gusts were not ascertained because the recording anemometer malfunctioned at the height of the storm. The hurricane passed in an unusually brief period of two hours, with most of the damage being done over the course of about 45 minutes. Roofs were "rolled up like tissue-paper" in the fierce winds, while chimneys and brick walls were toppled. In all, thousands of buildings in the city were unroofed, with many of them totally destroyed.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Georgia
Trees were variously uprooted or snapped in parks and cemeteries, including Forsyth Park, considered the "pride of the city", which lost between half and three quarters of its trees. Piles of debris left streets impassable, even to pedestrians. Numerous large ships were driven ashore, though some survived unscathed, and dozens of smaller vessels were wrecked along waterways in the city. Several people, including the captain, drowned when the tugboat Robert Turner capsized in the Savannah River. Another craft, the Island Flower, sank nearby, killing three.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Georgia
The storm surge associated with the hurricane flooded low-lying coastal areas and washed away several miles of the Tybee Railroad. Wind gusts estimated at over 100 mph (160 km/h) demolished hotels and beachfront cottages on Tybee Island. Near Wilmington Island, a fisherman drowned after getting caught in the storm on a small boat.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Georgia
In Burroughs, along the outskirts of Savannah, two churches were leveled and three people were killed. Residents there were forced to abandon their homes and endure the storm in open fields to avoid injury. Initial estimates placed damage in Savannah at more than $1 million (equivalent to $30.7 million in 2019), a quarter of which resulted from devastation to railroads. In particular, the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway and Central of Georgia Railway sustained extensive losses, and about 50 streetcars in Savannah were destroyed. Overall, the storm killed at least 17 people in and around Savannah. Even before the storm subsided, people crowded the streets in a "stampede" to verify the safety of friends and family.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, The Carolinas
Southern South Carolina also saw the damaging effects of the storm, which was accompanied by estimated winds of up to 100 mph (160 km/h). On the north side of the Savannah River, mills and outbuildings on rice plantations were destroyed. Powerful gusts shifted a drawbridge spanning the river north of Hardeeville. Seven people in Hardeeville died in building failures, while train stations were blown down there and in Yemassee. Around Beaufort, the storm wrecked numerous boats and effected significant damage to homes and businesses. Wharves and warehouses were flooded, though low astronomical tides limited the extent of the inundation.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, The Carolinas
The winds peeled off tin roofs, allowing rainwater to douse home interiors. In Charleston, tropical storm-force winds blew down fences, signs, and other light installations, but damage was generally minor, and no deaths were reported. The storm churned Charleston Harbor until waves breached seawalls and flooded low-lying areas. Total damage in the state was around $25,000 (equivalent to $0.77 million in 2019).


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, The Carolinas
In North Carolina, the weakening tropical cyclone tracked through predominately rural areas, limiting its adverse effects. Nonetheless, severe winds affected the Raleigh–Durham area, uprooting trees and littering streets with debris. One woman was killed when a large oak tree fell on her bedroom. Damage to utility lines left Raleigh without communications or electricity, while in Durham, a four-story tobacco curing barn collapsed with about 475,000 lb (215,000 kg) of tobacco inside, worth as much as $60,000 (equivalent to $1.84 million in 2019). About $20,000 (equivalent to $0.61 million in 2019) in other property damage was attributed to the storm. Residents in Chapel Hill described the storm as the most severe in recent memory.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Virginia and West Virginia
As the cyclone expanded and accelerated, it entered Virginia with renewed violence, and produced what still stands as the most severe windstorm in Richmond's history. Generally, the strongest winds were mostly confined to east of the storm center's track. The East End of Richmond was hit particularly hard, but damage to church steeples, roofs, and chimneys was common throughout the whole city. Downed trees and broken branches carpeted the ground and clogged streets. All telegraph lines except one, which ran to Wilmington, North Carolina, were rendered useless, while communications in Petersburg were entirely cut off. Damage in Richmond totaled $150,000 (equivalent to $4.6 million in 2019). Rural areas were also severely impacted; in Boydton, the storm destroyed many barns and stables, crushing the livestock inside them. In farmlands throughout central Virginia, fences, crops, and outbuildings were blown down, stunting agriculture in the region.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Virginia and West Virginia
The destruction continued into northern portions of the state; brick walls were toppled and about 500 shade trees felled in Fredericksburg. Farms in Fairfax and Arlington counties were substantially damaged, and dozens of windmills were destroyed around Falls Church. Wooden houses were blown away. In Alexandria, four people were killed, while factories and homes along the Potomac River were damaged. One of the fatalities occurred when a three-story brick building partially collapsed onto the roof of a smaller house.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Virginia and West Virginia
Across the city, large sheets of tin roofs were peeled off buildings and followed erratic paths before hitting the ground in a clangor that "produced a pandemonium long to be remembered." Property in Alexandria incurred about $400,000 in damage (equivalent to $12.3 million in 2019). Despite the destruction in the city, surveys of the storm's effects revealed that initial reports of its severity were exaggerated. In some cases, damage was enabled or worsened by pre-existing structural flaws. In Manassas, the winds shifted a church 6 in (0.15 m) off its foundation.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Virginia and West Virginia
Heavy rain fell along and west of the storm's track, most prodigiously in the Shenandoah Valley. Reports of 5 in (130 mm) or more were common; in Dale Enterprise, 6.3 in (160 mm) of rain fell in a period of 18 hours. Nearly 7 in (180 mm) of rain fell over Staunton in a similarly short span of time. The rapid inflow of water caused a lake in Staunton's Gypsy Hill Park to rise until its earthen dam failed around 10 p.m. local time, sending a large volume of water rushing into the town's business district.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Virginia and West Virginia
Along the way, the torrent swept away 25 homes, one of which was occupied by a family of four. Power was cut to the town after floodwaters inundated the electric plant, and multiple hotels, stores, and other businesses were extensively damaged. As waters rose, victims were forced to await rescue from their roofs. A local waterway known as Lewis Creek also overflowed its banks and contributed to the flooding. The Staunton flood took the lives of six people, and inflicted as much as $500,000 (equivalent to $15.4 million in 2019) in property damage. In the countryside, about 40 horses and mules drowned.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Virginia and West Virginia
Deadly flooding also took place in Rockingham County, affecting the communities of Bridgewater, Elkton, and Keezletown. Three fatalities were reported in the county, and local infrastructure sustained $20,000 in damage (equivalent to $0.61 million in 2019). The South Fork Shenandoah River at Luray swelled to 25.4 ft (7.7 m)—flood stage being 14 ft (4.3 m)—which still stands as one of its highest historical crests. In Stephens City, rushing waters crumbled bridges and washed out corn crops. A waterway in Waynesboro reportedly rose 15 ft (4.6 m) and flowed with enough force to wipe nearby buildings off their foundations.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Virginia and West Virginia
Urban flooding also plagued Roanoke streets. From there to Hagerstown, the Norfolk and Western Railway was severely washed out in multiple places. In total, property damage in Virginia amounted to at least $1 million (equivalent to $30.7 million in 2019). Strong winds and significant rainfall extended into West Virginia, chiefly in northern and eastern parts of the state. Trees, fences, and houses were blown down in the Eastern Panhandle region, while flash floods undermined railroads and destroyed entire fields of crops. Some livestock drowned around Old Fields.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Washington, D.C.
In Washington, D.C., the storm's approach late on September 29 was marked by nearly continuous cloud to cloud lightning. Five-minute sustained southerly winds reached 66 mph (106 km/h), and peak gusts approached 100 mph (160 km/h); barometric pressure fell to 987 hPa (29.15 inHg). At the time, it was the worst storm to ever affect the city. The winds brought down signs, awnings, trees, and brick walls, while unroofing homes, toppling church steeples, and shattering windows. Electric, telegraph, and telephone utilities were lost.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Washington, D.C.
The destruction was not uniform, as poorly built structures often survived unscathed in the vicinity of much stronger buildings that incurred significant damage. It was deduced that the strongest gusts occurred in narrow "streaks". Approximately 5,000 trees were destroyed in the city, many of them being snapped 10 to 15 ft (3.0 to 4.6 m) above the ground. Some of the worst damage occurred in cemeteries, such as the United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery, where 300 trees were prostrated. In a few cases, the fallen trees unearthed underlying coffins.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Washington, D.C.
A residence building under construction at the Catholic University of America was dismantled, and the personal home of President Grover Cleveland in Woodley Park lost its roof. Roofs of several government offices were also torn away, and the steeple of New York Avenue Presbyterian Church was "reduced to match wood". The Smithsonian Institution Building sustained notable damage. Fallen trees littered the grounds of the White House, among them being historic specimens like an elm planted by Abraham Lincoln. Some of the more celebrated trees were picked apart by passersby trying to procure souvenirs.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Washington, D.C.
The White House itself suffered some minor damage, mostly limited to dislodged coping and copper roofing, along with a few broken windows. Nearby, five men were entrapped and one killed when the Abert Building—a newly built, five-story brick structure on Pennsylvania Avenue—partially collapsed in the storm, crushing two adjoining buildings. Over the coming months, tenants filed multiple lawsuits against the building's owner after at least one local builder asserted that the wall failure resulted from neglectful construction. The Abert Building was completely repaired by October 14.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Washington, D.C.
On the Potomac River, where tides ran well above normal, ships broke free from their moorings and drifted downstream. In one instance, a large steamship called the George Leary struck and damaged six other ships. Numerous vessels capsized in the river, including the steamer Mary Washington and the schooner John W. Linnell. At the Washington Navy Yard, multiple buildings sustained damage. Overall losses in Washington, D.C. were approximately $400,000 (equivalent to $12.3 million in 2019), and at least two dozen individuals in the city suffered injuries from falling debris.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Maryland
Destructive winds continued into central Maryland. A report from Sandy Spring estimated that 20% of trees in the region were uprooted, splintered, or violently twisted, often falling on utility wires and roads. Some of the trees left standing were stripped of their limbs and reduced to bare trunks. Telegraph poles crashed to the ground in large numbers. In some cases, damage patterns and eyewitness accounts suggested the formation of tornadoes embedded within the larger storm system. As in northern Virginia, churches, homes, and businesses incurred significant damage, some being wholly destroyed.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Maryland
Montgomery County was hit particularly hard; the storm wrecked an amusement park in Bethesda, forcing it to permanently close, while Gaithersburg was "most disastrously wrecked". Several individuals lost their lives in Montgomery County, including one man who died of a stress-induced heart attack. Most of the farms in central Maryland were affected to some degree. Periods of exceptionally heavy rainfall, amounting to 4.90 in (124 mm) in Flintstone and 3.91 in (99 mm) in Cumberland, caused rapid rises along waterways in the Potomac River watershed, inundating adjacent low-lying areas. The Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad line in Cumberland was washed out.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Maryland
High tides in the Chesapeake Bay flooded streets in Annapolis. Farther north, at Baltimore, water funneled into the Inner Harbor and flooded the city's waterfront. Pratt Street was submerged waist deep, while an overflowing Jones Falls filled bordering streets with 8 ft (2.4 m) of water. Floodwaters drained into cellars and lower levels of warehouses, and forced some families to evacuate their homes. Hundreds of structures in Baltimore were damaged by the windstorm, and several small fires were ignited by downed power lines. Throughout Maryland, the storm took the lives of eight people and wrought $500,000 in damage (equivalent to $15.4 million in 2019).


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Pennsylvania
The storm arrived in Pennsylvania as an extratropical cyclone late on September 29, still accompanied by strong winds that disconnected wires and interrupted communications throughout the state. Property damage was severe in southeastern parts of the state, especially York and Lancaster counties, where barns were demolished and houses unroofed. Wind gusts in Harrisburg peaked at 72 mph (116 km/h) shortly after midnight. Debris from trees and buildings rained down on the city's streets as the storm produced erratic damage patterns, characterized by distinct two- or three-block gaps in the destruction.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Pennsylvania
Large trees were uprooted "with masses of earth clinging to them as big as a room." In all, damage reached $200,000 (equivalent to $6.1 million in 2019) in Harrisburg. On the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad at Philson, two freight trains violently collided, killing six vagrants. Several more train wrecks were attributed to obstructing storm debris. In Steelton, an overpass collapsed onto the tracks of the Pennsylvania Railroad shortly before a train careened through the rubble, damaging the locomotive and several cars. Additionally, two roundhouses were destroyed in Lebanon, with eight locomotives sustaining damage in one of the structures.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Pennsylvania
The third incarnation of the Columbia–Wrightsville Bridge—a 5,390 ft (1,640 m) covered railroad bridge across the Susquehanna River—was shoved off its piers and demolished by the intense winds. Several people were reportedly inside the bridge when it collapsed, but this was not confirmed. The stone, wood, and steel span was replaced by a steel truss bridge less than a year later. At Sunbury, two steamboats sank in the Susquehanna. Across Lancaster County, hundreds of farmers lost their entire tobacco crops that were stored in barns and ready for market. Some of the tobacco barns were carried off their foundations and blown afield. The storm also destroyed more substantial brick structures. Damage in the county was estimated at $1 million (equivalent to $30.7 million in 2019).


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Pennsylvania
Two men died in the Patterson Coal Company miners' village in Shamokin that was devastated by the winds and a subsequent fire that together destroyed dozens of houses and shanties. The storm destroyed equipment and facilities at the nearby Colbert Colliery, putting hundreds of miners out of work. In Reading, two men died in the collapse of an iron furnace casting house which left five others badly injured. Six children lost their lives to a storm-induced fire in tenement housing belonging to a mining company in Natalie.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Pennsylvania
Hundreds of trees were blown down or broken on the historic battlefield at Gettysburg National Park, largely on Culp's Hill and Big Round Top. The 66th Ohio Infantry monument on Culp's Hill was destroyed by a fallen tree, and the nearby monument to the 78th and 102nd New York Volunteer Infantries sustained minor damage. In addition to the winds, several inches of rain fell in parts of the state; Altoona recorded 3.79 in (96 mm) of precipitation. Flash flooding along the Juniata River rushed through Huntingdon, washing out streets and railways, inundating homes, and drowning livestock. Washouts and landslides plagued railroads throughout western Pennsylvania. Overall, the storm caused over $2 million (equivalent to $61.5 million in 2019) in damage in the state.


1896 Cedar Keys hurricane, Impact and aftermath, Great Lakes region
Strong winds associated with the extratropical cyclone impacted parts of central and western New York State, particularly around Syracuse; there, it was considered the worst storm in recent memory. Homes, barns, and factories lost their roofs in several towns, with some buildings near Ithaca being totally destroyed. Trees and communications lines suffered a similar fate as in many other areas along the storm's path. Trees in orchards were stripped of nearly all their fruit. Buffalo endured 53 mph (85 km/h) winds that tore wires and damaged roofs.