1903 United States Senate election in South Carolina, Democratic primary, Campaign
In the special election of 1897, the Conservatives were without a candidate so in 1902 four candidates vied for the support of Conservatives: Dan S. Henderson, William Elliott, George Johnstone and John J. Hemphill. The two remaining candidates in the race, Representative Asbury Latimer and former Governor John Gary Evans, were strong Tillmanites. However, they held strongly opposing views and a duel almost ensued between the two while campaigning at St. George on July 12. A fight did indeed break out between Latimer and Hemphill when they were campaigning in Gaffney on August 14. Latimer took offence to an accusation by Hemphill and struck him. Hemphill was unable to strike back because Latimer quickly left the scene.


1903 United States Senate election in South Carolina, Democratic primary, Campaign
On August 26, Latimer and Evans emerged as the top two candidates in the field and were to face each other in a runoff election on September 9. The Conservative candidates had garnered more votes combined than the combined vote of Latimer and Evans, but their inability to coalesce around a single candidate prevented a Conservative from winning the election. Evans was widely disliked by Conservatives in the state so they threw their support behind Latimer and he easily won the runoff election.


1903 United States gubernatorial elections
United States gubernatorial elections were held in 1903, in eight states.


1903 United States gubernatorial elections
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland and Mississippi held their gubernatorial elections in odd numbered years, every 4 years, preceding the United States presidential election year. Massachusetts and Rhode Island both elected its governors to a single-year term, which they would abandon in 1920 and 1912, respectively. Ohio at this time held gubernatorial elections in every odd numbered year.


1903 United States gubernatorial elections
In Iowa, following a 1904 amendment to the constitution moving the election schedule, the governor's term was lengthened to three years. Elections would be held in even-numbered years from the 1906 elections.


1903 University of Florida Blue and White football team
The 1903 University of Florida Blue and White football team represented the University of Florida at Lake City in the sport of American football during the 1903 college football season. This was not the modern Florida Gators of the University of Florida in Gainesville, which begins in 1906, but one of its four predecessor institutions.


1903 University of New Mexico football team
The 1903 University of New Mexico football team was an American football team that represented the University of Dayton as an independent during the 1903 college football season. In its first season under head coach Walter McEwan, the team compiled a 3–0–1 record.


1903 University of Utah football team
The 1903 University of Utah football team was an American football team that represented the University of Utah as an independent during the 1903 college football season. In its fourth and final season under head coach Harvey Holmes, the team compiled a 3–5 record and outscored opponents by a total of 125 to 87. Quarterback Jimmy Wade was the team captain.


1903 Uruguayan Primera División
The 1900 Primera División was the 4th. season of top-flight football in Uruguay. Nacional won its second title after beating CURCC at a final match due to both teams had finished in the first position.


1903 Uruguayan Primera División, Overview
The tournament consisted of a round-robin championship. It involved seven teams, and the champion was Club Nacional de Football. This would be their second national conquest and the second consecutively.


1903 Uruguayan Primera División, Overview
With respect to the previous edition, the tournament featured the incorporation of Montevideo Wanderers. There was no promotion or relegation for the following season.


1903 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1903 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team was an American football team that represented Utah Agricultural College (later renamed Utah State University) during the 1903 college football season. In their second season under head coach George P. Campbell, the Aggies compiled a 3–0 record and outscored their opponents by a total of 78 to 0. The season included the first game in the Utah State–Wyoming football rivalry with the Aggies defeating the Cowboys, 46–0, at Logan, Utah.


1903 VFA season
The 1903 Victorian Football Association season was the 27th season of the Australian rules football competition. For the first time in its history, the VFA introduced an annual finals series to determine the premiership. The premiership was won by the North Melbourne Football Club, after defeating Richmond in the challenge final; it was the first premiership in the club's history, after having competed in the Association since its inaugural season in 1877.


1903 VFA season, Association membership
The size of the association was increased from nine to ten teams in 1903, with the Preston Football Club – which had won the previous three Victorian Junior Football Association premierships – elevated to senior level and admitted to the competition.


1903 VFA season, Premiership
The Association introduced a finals system to determine the major premiership for the season. Finals had been used by the rival Victorian Football League since its establishment in 1897, but this was the first time it had been used by the Association. The finals were played according to the amended Argus system – the system which had been in use in the League since 1902, except with a slight variation that the League would not adopt until 1907; in summary:


1903 VFL Grand Final
The 1903 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and Fitzroy Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 12 September 1903. It was the 6th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1903 VFL season. The match, attended by 32,263 spectators, was won by Collingwood by a margin of 2 points, marking that club's second successive premiership victory.


1903 VFL Grand Final
Gerald Brosnan had a chance to win Fitzroy the premiership with a set shot for goal off the last kick of the game but missed narrowly to give Collingwood back-to-back flags.


1903 VFL Grand Final
Collingwood's Jim Addison, despite playing in just his third game, was the only multiple goalkicker. Both Ern Jenkins and Bert Sharpe of Fitzroy were celebrating their 100th VFL games.


1903 VFL Grand Final, Lead-up
After the home-and-away season (which lasted for seventeen matches, including the "first round" of fourteen matches and a "second round" of three matches), Collingwood was top of the ladder with a record of 15–2 and a percentage of 159.4; Fitzroy finished second with a record of 14–3 and a percentage of 171.6.


1903 VFL Grand Final, Lead-up
The finals were contested using the variation of the amended Argus system seen between 1902–1906. Fitzroy faced fourth-placed Geelong in the First Semi-Final, and won by 52 points, and Collingwood faced third-placed Carlton in the Second Semi-Final and won by four points. Collingwood and Fitzroy then faced off to decide the premiers.


1903 VFL Grand Final, Lead-up, Right to challenge
Under the variation of the Argus System in use between 1902–1906, the club with the best record in all matches (including finals) could have challenged for the premiership if it had not won this game.


1903 VFL Grand Final, Lead-up, Right to challenge
However, the team that won this game would have become the team with the best record, depriving the other team of the right to challenge, meaning the winner of this match would automatically win the premiership.


1903 VFL Grand Final, Lead-up, Right to challenge
Entering the match, Collingwood had a record of 16–2, and Fitzroy had a record of 15–3, but a superior percentage. Therefore, a Collingwood win would have their 17–2 record have ranked above Fitzroy's 15–4, and while a Fitzroy win would have left both clubs level on 16–3, Fitzroy would have been ranked above Collingwood on percentage.


1903 VFL Grand Final, Lead-up, Right to challenge
This is different from the ruling which would have been used under the more widely known variation of the Argus System, which was in use from 1907–1930. In that variation, the team with the best record in matches excluding finals had the right to challenge; as Collingwood had the best record after 17 weeks, it would have retained the right to challenge regardless of finals results.


1903 VFL season
The 1903 Victorian Football League season was the seventh season of the elite Australian rules football competition.


1903 VFL season, Premiership season
In 1903, the VFL competition consisted of eight teams of 18 on-the-field players each, with no "reserves", although any of the 18 players who had left the playing field for any reason could later resume their place on the field at any time during the match.


1903 VFL season, Premiership season
Each team played each other twice in a home-and-away season of 14 rounds. Then, based on ladder positions after those 14 rounds, three further 'sectional rounds' were played, with the teams ranked 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th playing in one section and the teams ranked 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th playing in the other.


1903 VFL season, Premiership season
Once the 17 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1903 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the amended "Argus system".


1903 VFL season, Premiership season, Round 2
The match between Geelong and Carlton, originally to have been played at Corio Oval, was postponed due to a railway strike. It was played between Rounds 13 and 14, and was opportunistically moved to the Sydney Cricket Ground.


1903 VFL season, Grand final
Collingwood defeated Fitzroy 4.7 (31) to 3.11 (29). (For an explanation of scoring see Australian rules football).


1903 VMI Keydets football team
The 1903 VMI Keydets football team represented the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in their 13th season of organized football. The Keydets finished a short year at 2–1 led by first-year head coach Bill Roper.


1903 VPI football team
The 1903 VPI football team represented Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute in the 1903 college football season. The team was led by head coach Charles Augustus Lueder and finished with a record of five wins and one loss (5–1).


1903 VPI football team, Players
The following players were members of the 1903 football team according to the roster published in the 1904 edition of The Bugle, the Virginia Tech yearbook.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
The 1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University during the 1903 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. James R. Henry coached Vanderbilt for one season in 1903. His squad finished the season with a 6–1–1 record. The season was marred only by the upset loss to Cumberland. John J. Tigert and Bob Blake were both Rhodes Scholars.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Before the season
After the last game of the 1902 year, Walter H. Watkins announced his resignation of his position as head coach of the Vanderbilt football and baseball teams in order that he devote attention to the study of law exclusively. Vanderbilt made an effort to secure the services of coach Neil Snow, who was the University of Nashville (Peabody) coach.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Cumberland
Cumberland upset the Commodores 6–0, the first time Cumberland ever scored on Vanderbilt. Four minutes after the game started, Waterhouse had the decisive touchdown. M. O. Bridges had his right collarbone broken.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Cumberland
The starting lineup was B. Blake (left end), Pritchard (left tackle), Brown (left guard), Perry (center), Patterson (right guard), Graham (right tackle), Bryan (right end), Kyle (quarterback), D. Blake (left halfback), Hamilton (right halfback), Tigert (fullback).


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Alabama
Vanderbilt, outweighing Alabama 15 pounds to the man, beat Alabama 30–0, in the first all-time meeting between the schools at Dudley Field. Frank Kyle starred with runs of 35, 30, 50, and 48 yards.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Alabama
Vanderbilt took a 12–0 halftime lead after first half touchdowns were scored first by Ed Hamilton and followed by John J. Tigert. The Commodores then closed the game with three touchdowns in the second half scored by Hamilton, Dan Blake and Bob Blake for the 30–0 victory. Tigert converted all five PAT's in their victory.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Alabama
The starting lineup was B. Blake (left end), Graham (left tackle), Brown (left guard), Perry (center), Patterson (right guard), Pritchard (right tackle), G. Jones (right end), Howell (quarterback), Kyle (left halfback), Hamilton (right halfback), Tigert (fullback).


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Tennessee
Jones and John J. Tigert starred as the Tennessee Volunteers were beaten 40–0.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Tennessee
The starting lineup was  B. Blake (left end), Pritchard (left tackle), B. Brown (left guard), Perry (center), Patterson (right guard), Graham (right tackle), D. Blake (right end), Kyle (quarterback), Tigert (left halfback), Jones (right halfback), Hamilton (fullback).


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Georgia
The Georgia Bulldogs could not check Vanderbilt's end runs and were easily beaten 33–0.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Sewanee
Vanderbilt gave rival Sewanee its only loss, 10–5, the first team to even score on the Tigers. Sewanee was crippled in the first half by the loss of Stewart, who fractured his ankle in a scrimmage before the game. He tried to play through it, but had to be helped off the field. John J. Tigert, later a prominent educator, got Vanderbilt's first touchdown. Sewanee tied the score with a touchdown in the second half. Later, Vanderbilt had the ball at the 4-yard line third down.


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Sewanee
"As great a stand of a football elevve was that of Sewaee before Vanderbilt's winning touchdown was made." On third down from the 1-yard line the center Perry fell on a fumble. Sewanee protested that the runner was down, but Vanderbilt was awarded the touchdown. "Vanderbilt, in fact all Nashville, is wild with joy tonight. Sewanee is looking forward to next Thanksgiving."


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Season summary, Sewanee
The starting lineup was B. Blake (left end), Pritchard (left tackle), Brown (left guard), Perry (center), Patterson (right guard), Graham (right tackle), D. Blake (right end), Kyle (quarterback), Tigert (left halfback), Bryan (right halfback), Hamilton (fullback)


1903 Vanderbilt Commodores football team, Postseason
1903 met difficulty in determining an SIAA champion. Clemson had the best record, but lost to an inferior North Carolina team; and in the game to secure the SIAA title were tied by Cumberland. Clemson's John Heisman pushed strongly for Cumberland to share the SIAA title. Cumberland's strongest victory was its win over Vanderbilt. However, Sewanee beat Cumberland, yet suffered its only loss to Vanderbilt.


1903 Vermont Green and Gold football team
The 1903 Vermont Green and Gold football team was an American football team that represented  the University of Vermont as an independent during the 1903 college football season. In their second year under head coach Harry Howard Cloudman, the team compiled a 4–5 record.


1903 Villanova Wildcats football team
The 1903 Villanova Wildcats football team represented the Villanova University during the 1903 college football season. The Wildcats team captain was Martin Caine.


1903 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 1903 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia in the 1903 college football season.


1903 WAFA season
The 1903 WAFA season was the 19th season of senior Australian rules football in Perth, Western Australia.


1903 Wabash football team
The 1903 Wabash football team was an American football team that represented Lake Forest College in the 1903 college football season. In Ebin Wilson's 2nd year as head coach, Wabash compiled a 9–3 record, and outscored their opponents 274 to 74.   Notable games were against Shortridge High School, Indiana, Purdue, and Notre Dame. Games for the "Indiana football championship" were recognized as Notre Dame, Indiana, Purdue, DePauw, Earlham, and Franklin, in which Wabash compiled a 3–3 record against.


1903 Wabash football team
In the contest with Shortridge, Wabash was up 12–0, when the college decided to send in an African-American right guard named Gordon. Upon seeing this, Captain Clark, right halfback of the Shortridge team, refused to play any longer and left the field. According to The Indianapolis Journal, the rest of Shortridge's team acted as gentlemen, and agreed to continue playing. The crowd was also "bitterly disappointed at the actions of Clark and he was denounced on all sides."


1903 Wabash football team
On October 6, Rose Polytechnic made it known that they would not play Wabash if they permitted Gordon to play in the contest. In response to this, the game was cancelled, and head coach Ebin Wilson asserted that they would play Gordon in every game for the remainder of the season, citing his great importance to the Wabash team. On October 20, Hanover also announced they would not play Wabash if Gordon was allowed to play.


1903 Wabash football team
The Guard, hearing this latest news, decided to resign from the Varsity team, so as they would be to play the rest of their season. Wabash accepted the resignation but insisted they had the right to put any member of their football team into play, and would force this proclamation on every upcoming opponent. Gordon would play in a few more varsity games throughout the remainder of the season, put in against Earlham in the last five minutes, and against Notre Dame.


1903 Waratah state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Waratah on 5 December 1903 because of the resignation of Arthur Griffith (Labour) to unsuccessfully contest a seat in the Senate at the 1903 federal election.


1903 Washington & Jefferson Red and Black football team
The 1903 Washington & Jefferson football team was an American football team that represented Washington & Jefferson College as an independent during the 1903 college football season. Led by second-year head coach William B. Seaman, the team compiled a record of 6–4.


1903 Washington Agricultural football team
The 1903 Washington Agricultural football team was an American football team that represented Washington Agricultural College during the 1903 college football season. The team competed as an independent under head coach James N. Ashmore and compiled a record of 3–3–2.


1903 Washington Senators season
The 1903 Washington Senators won 43 games, lost 94, and finished in eighth place in the American League. They were managed by Tom Loftus and played home games at the American League Park I.


1903 Washington Senators season
Washington had finished in sixth place in each of the previous two seasons (the first two seasons of the American League's existence). However, they fell to eighth and last in 1903. Their only star player, Big Ed Delahanty, got drunk and fell off a bridge into Niagara Falls midway through the season.


1903 Washington Senators season
The Senators' pitching had always been bad, and indeed, they would allow the most runs in the AL, but without Delahanty the offense sputtered to a halt. Their collective batting average was .231, bad even for the dead-ball era, and no one drove in more than 49 runs.


1903 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Washington Senators season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Washington University football team
The 1903 Washington University football team represented the Washington University in St. Louis during the 1903 college football season as an independent. Led by first-year head coach L. W. Boynton, the Washington University compiled a 4–4–2 record and outscored their opponents by a total of 109 to 103.


1903 Washington football team
The 1903 Washington football team was an American football team that represented the University of Washington during the 1903 college football season. In its second season under coach James Knight, the team compiled a 6–1 record, shut out five of seven opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 63 to 11. William Spiedel was the team captain.


1903 Wellington City mayoral election
The 1903 Wellington City mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1903, elections were held for the Mayor of Wellington plus other local government positions including the twelve city councillors, also elected biannually. John Aitken, the incumbent Mayor, sought re-election and retained office unopposed with no other candidates emerging. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.


1903 West Virginia Mountaineers football team
The 1903 West Virginia Mountaineers football team was an American football team that represented West Virginia University as an independent during the 1903 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Harry E. Trout, the team compiled a 7–1 record and outscored opponents by a combined total of 146 to 45. The team's only loss was to Ohio State by a 34–6 score. Harry M. Seamon was the team captain.


1903 Western Conference football season
The 1903 Western Conference football season was the eighth season of college football played by the member schools of the Western Conference (later known as the Big Ten Conference) and was a part of the 1903 college football season.


1903 Western Conference football season
Michigan and Minnesota were conference co-champions, both compiling undefeated seasons with the exception of a 6-6 tie when the two teams played each other. The tie between Michigan and Minnesota gave rise to the tradition of the two teams' playing for the Little Brown Jug. In the chaos that ensued when the Minnesota crowd rushed onto the field at the end of the game, the Wolverines left their water jug behind.


1903 Western Conference football season
The next day, custodian Oscar Munson brought the jug to Minnesota's athletic director; they painted the jug brown and wrote on it,  "Michigan Jug – Captured by Oscar, October 31, 1903." According to legend, Yost sent a letter asking for the jug to be returned, and Cooke wrote in response: "We have your little brown jug; if you want it, you'll have to win it." Yost returned with his team in 1909 to reclaim the jug, and the two teams have awarded the jug to the winner of their annual rivalry game.


1903 Western Conference football season
Michigan compiled an 11–0–1 and outscored opponents 565 to 6, and Minnesota went 14-0-1 record and outscored opponents 656 to 12. All of Michigan's victories were shutouts, and 13 of Minnesota's victories were shutouts. The 1903 Michigan team was the third of Yost's "Point-a-Minute" teams and has been recognized retrospectively as a co-national champion (along with Princeton) by the National Championship Foundation. Michigan's high scorer was fullback Tom Hammond with 163 points.


1903 Western Conference football season, Season overview, Results and team statistics
PPG = Average of points scored per gamePAG = Average of points allowed per game


1903 Western Conference football season, Season overview, Bowl games
No Western Conference schools participated in any bowl games during the 1903 season.


1903 Western Conference football season, Awards and honors, All-Western players
Thirteen players were chosen as first-team players on at least four of the 1903 All-Western college football teams named by the following eight selectors: Billy Mac aggregate (BMA), a team selected by aggregating the choices made by ten critics in St. Paul, Minneapolis, Milwaukee, Chicago and Detroit, Billy Mac (BM) in The St. Paul Globe Chicago Inter-Ocean (CIO), Chicago Record-Herald (CRH), Chicago Tribune (CT), Fred Lowenthal (FL), former star football player at University of Illinois, The Minneapolis Journal (MJ), and Walter Camp (WC). (Players unanimously chosen by all eight selectors are listed in bold.)


1903 Western Conference football season, Awards and honors, All-Americans
The following players were selected as first-team players by at least one selector for the 1903 College Football All-America Team. (Consensus first-team selections designated in bold.)


1903 Western Illinois Leathernecks football team
The 1930 Western Illinois Leathernecks football team represented Western Illinois University in the 1903 college football season as an independent. In the first season in school history, Western Illinois compiled a 0–2–1 record. Their head coach was unknown.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team
The 1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team was an American football team that represented Western University of Pennsylvania (now known as the University of Pittsburgh) as an independent during the 1903 college football season.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Season recap
1903 was a pivotal year for sports at the Western University of Pennsylvania. The hockey team was not sanctioned in 1902 and did not attempt to form a team for the 1902-1903 season. Basketball was played intramurally rather than intercollegiately. The baseball season was cancelled after a few games due to eligibility questions surrounding several players. Consequently, the prospects for a successful football season were dim.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Season recap
In late September Fred Crolius, the 1902 football coach, who was put in charge of the Western University's athletics, hired Arthur “Texas” Mosse from Warrensburg Teachers College in Warrensburg, Missouri as permanent physical instructor (i.e. football coach and other duties as assigned). Coach Mosse played college ball at Kansas and had coached the Warrensburg Teachers College team two years to a  record of 11-4. The man knew his football but the 1903 season had too many obstacles to overcome. The entire team never practiced at one time. Certain days the Medical students would practice.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Season recap
Other days the Collegiates and the Law students would attend. The faculty did not make things easy for the students to attend practice. The student body gave little support to the team that did show up and play the games. Attendance was so bad that the administration ceded the home field for the final two games to the visitors so they would not have to pay rent for the stadium grounds. The final record was 1-8-1 and WUP had been outscored  262-25.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Season recap
The November Courant criticized the University's lack of investment into a sports program befitting a school the size of WUP. A training table for the athletes  and class schedules that allowed practice time were strongly suggested. On December 7 at a meeting of the Athletic Association Coach Mosse agreed to coach the 1904 team. The Association promised two thousand dollars specifically to get the football program up to speed. They suggested a five dollar rise in tuition to go directly to the Athletic Association to be used for football only until it was making money.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Season recap
Then the remaining sports would get some funding. The Alumni Association met on December 16 and presented the plan to the students of the engineering and collegiate departments. The response was overwhelming and the prospects for a total sports program were in place. Exposition Park was secured for all the 1904 home football games. The football fortunes of the Western University of Pennsylvania were finally going to be noticed nationwide. But the WUPs would first have to endure a horrible 1903 football season. In its first season under head coach Arthur Mosse, the team compiled a 1–8–1 record and was outscored by a total of 262 to 25.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at West Virginia
On October 3 the WUP eleven traveled to Morgantown, West Virginia for the Backyard Brawl. The Mountaineers were deep in WUP territory on their first possession when Charles Castro fumbled. WUP halfback Illtid Page recovered and raced the length of the field for a touchdown. Carpenter kicked the goal after and the WUPs led 6-0. The Mountaineers dominated the remainder of the game. Charles Castro and Paul Martin each scored two touchdowns to lead West Virginia to a 24-6 victory.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at West Virginia
The WUP lineup for the game against West Virginia was Huntermark (right guard), Curt Leidenroth (right tackle), Charles Ertzman (right end), Thomas Crea (center), Martin (left guard), Miller (left tackle), Palmer (left end), Carpenter (quarterback), Edwards (right halfback), Illtid Page (left halfback) and Jackson (fullback). The game consisted of one twenty-five minute half and one twenty minute half. West Virginia finished the season with a 7-1 record under head coach Harry E. Trout.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at West Virginia Conference Seminary
On their return trip to Pittsburgh, the WUP eleven stopped in Buckhannon, West Virginia to play the West Virginia Conference Seminary team. Edward Trax scored the lone touchdown of the game to secure the Western University's only win of the season by a score of 5-0.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at Geneva
On October 10th with six new starters in the lineup, Coach Mosse and the WUP contingent arrived in Beaver Falls, Pa. to take on the Geneva College football juggernaut . More than fifteen hundred boisterous Geneva rooters were not disappointed. The WUP eleven made two first downs. The Covenanters scored ten touchdowns. Joe Thompson scored six. With the score 57-0, both teams agreed to stop the carnage after only twelve minutes into the second half.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at Geneva
The WUP lineup for the game against Geneva was Byron Stroud (left end), Miller (left tackle), Reed (left guard), Michael Dinger (center), Ray Alexander (Right guard), Curt Leidenroth (right tackle), Charles Gans (right end), Carpenter (quarterback), Illtid Page (left halfback), John Edwards (right halfback) and Edward Trax (fullback). During the game Edward Ord replaced Reed at left guard. The game consisted of one twenty-five minute half and one twelve minute half.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Grove City
Heavy rains flooded the Colosseum grounds on October 17 and Coach Mosse was forced to cancel the home opener with Grove City College.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Manchester Athletic Club
Since the Grove City game was cancelled, the WUP set up a practice game with the Manchester Athletic Club for October 20. Coach Mosse substituted freely and tried new plays. WUP fullback Curt Liedenroth fumbled twice which led to two first half Manchester touchdowns. Manchester fullback Elson recovered the first fumble and plunged into the end zone on the next play for the first score. He missed the goal kick. A few plays later end L. Broderick picked up Leidenroth's second miscue and dashed forty yards for the second Manchester touchdown. Elson converted the goal after and Manchester led 10-0.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Manchester Athletic Club
The WUP offense finally scored on a fifteen yard dash by John Edwards early in the second half. The final score was 10-6 in favor of Manchester A.C.  Incidentally, for some unknown reason, the Western University did not want to play a game versus Pittsburgh College (Duquesne University). Pittsburgh College heard the rumor and stocked the Manchester roster with their players. Duquesne lists this game in their record book.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Manchester Athletic Club
The WUP lineup for the game against Manchester A. C. was Byron Stroud (left end), Theo Starzynski (left tackle), Edward Ord (left guard), Thomas Crea (center), Robert Hinchman (Right guard), Reed (right tackle), John Edwards (right end), Carpenter (quarterback), Illtid Page (left halfback), Porter Wall (right halfback) and Edward Trax (fullback). Substitutions during the game were: George Glass replaced John Edwards at right end; John Biggert replaced George Glass at right end;  John Edwards replaced Porter Wall at right halfback; and Curt Leidenroth replaced Edward Trax at fullback. The game consisted of twenty-five minute halves.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Bellevue Outing Club
On October 21 another tuneup prior to the State College game was played against the Bellevue Outing Club. Bellevue was the Champion of the Western Pennsylvania 100 pound class. In the first half, the WUP offense moved the ball to the Bellevue five-yard line and turned the ball over on downs. On the next play the defense tackled quarterback Shaw of Bellevue in the end zone for a safety. WUP led 2-0 at halftime. Shaw made amends as he ran the second half kickoff back for a touchdown. Shaw's goal kick after was successful and Bellevue won the game 6-2. The WUP lineup for the game against Bellevue was Byron Stroud (left end), Theo Starzynski (left tackle), Edward Ord (left guard), Thomas Crea (center), Robert Hinchman (Right guard), Reed (right tackle), John Edwards (right end), Carpenter (quarterback), Illtid Page (left halfback), Porter Wall (right halfback) and Edward Trax (fullback).


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Penn State
The two practice games were to no avail as the State College football team came to the Colosseum and annihilated Coach Mosse's team. Since the State College lineup had three “professionals”, Coach Mosse inserted himself into the lineup. Ironically, his fumble led to the first State touchdown by Carl Forkum. State College would score nine more touchdowns in the game. Carl Forkum scored four plus nine extra points, Irv Thompson scored three, Irish McIlveen scored two and Smith added one to make the final score 59-0.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Penn State
WUP lost to State College for the sixth straight time and was outscored 173-4 in the series. The WUP lineup for the game against Penn State was Byron Stroud (left end), Starr (left tackle), Thomas Aye (left guard), Michael Dinger (center), Andrew Cloak (Right guard), Miller (right tackle), Clyde McGogney (right end), Carpenter (quarterback), Arthur Mosse (left halfback), John Edwards (right halfback) and Curt Leidenroth (fullback). Substitutions during the game were: Hinchman replaced Miller at right tackle; Illtid Page replaced John Edwards at right halfback; Edward Trax replaced Curt Leidenroth at fullback; and John Biggert replaced Edward Trax. The game consisted of twenty minute halves. Penn State finished the season with a 5-3 record under head coach Daniel A. Reed.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Geneva
On October 31, the undefeated and unscored upon Geneva Covenanters arrived at the Colosseum to play the rematch with the WUP eleven. Geneva had no trouble keeping their record intact as they scored five touchdowns. Their staunch defense kept the WUP backs out of the end zone and the final score read 32-0. Joe Thompson and Jud Schmidt each scored two touchdowns for the visitors.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Geneva
The WUP lineup for the game against Geneva was Byron Stroud (left end), Starr (left tackle), Robert Hinchman (left guard), Michael Dinger (center), Huntermark (Right guard), Curt Leidenroth (right tackle), George Glass (right end), Shaeffer (quarterback), John Biggert (left halfback), Porter Wall (right halfback) and Edward Trax (fullback). The game consisted of twenty minute halves.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, Bucknell
The game scheduled against Bucknell University on November 3, 1903 was cancelled by the WUP administration because they would not pay the $1,000 fee that Bucknell demanded as a guarantee.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, East End Athletic Association
The East End AA agreed to play the WUP on November 3. The game was late starting because Coach Mosse had difficulty finding eleven men to play. The contingent that did play gave their best but the East Enders were too strong. The WUP offense was shut out for the fourth time and the WUP defense surrendered five touchdowns. The final score read 28-0 in favor of the East Enders. Because the crowd was so sparse, the WUP officials cancelled the remaining home games and rescheduled them as road games.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, East End Athletic Association
The WUP lineup for the game against the East End AA was Byron Stroud (left end), Starr (left tackle), Michael Dinger (left guard), Thomas Crea (center), Huntermark (Right guard), Edward Trax (right tackle), George Glass (right end), Shaeffer (quarterback), Illtid Page (left halfback), John Biggert (right halfback) and Curt Leidenroth (fullback). The game consisted of twenty minute halves.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at Grove City
The WUP eleven traveled to Grove City, Pennsylvania on November 7 to meet the Grove City Wolverines. The WUP defense played a strong game. The Wolverines had the ball in WUP territory most of the first half but were unable to score. In the second half  Grove City drove the ball to the WUP fifteen yard line but again the WUP defense stiffened and Grove City's fullback Locke missed a field goal. After an exchange of punts, the WUP offense secured the ball on their forty yard line.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at Grove City
From there the backs were able to advance the ball in short plunges and end runs to the thirteen yard line of the Wolverines as time ran out. The final score read 0-0. The WUP lineup for the game against Grove City was Byron Stroud (left end), Starr (left tackle), Robert Hinchman (left guard), Michael Dinger (center), Huntermark (Right guard), Curt Leidenroth (right tackle), Mason (right end), John Edwards (quarterback), Illtid Page (left halfback), John Biggert (right halfback) and Edward Trax (fullback). Substitutions during the game were: Cropp replaced Robert Hinchman at left guard; Robert Hinchman replaced Curt Leidenroth at right tackle; Shaeffer replaced Mason at right end; and Curt Leidenroth replaced Edward Trax at fullback. The game consisted of twenty minute halves.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at Marietta
The WUPs closed out their dismal season with a trip to Marietta, Ohio to take on the Pioneers of Marietta College. In the first half the WUP offense fumbled on more than one possession allowing the Pioneers to easily score thirty-four unanswered points. After halftime, Marietta played their substitutes and scored two more touchdowns. Late in the game, the WUP defense blocked a punt and recovered the ball on Marietta's fifteen yard line. A few plays later Illtid Page plunged into the end zone from the three for the only WUP touchdown of the game.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at Marietta
John Edwards kicked the goal after and the final result was Marietta 45 – WUP 6. The WUP lineup for the game against Marietta was Byron Stroud (left end), Starr (left tackle), Robert Hinchman (left guard), Thomas Crea (center), Huntermark (Right guard), Curt Leidenroth (right tackle), Illtid Page (right end), John Edwards (quarterback), Cropp (left halfback), John Biggert (right halfback) and Edward Trax (fullback). The game consisted of one twenty-five minute half and one twenty minute half.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Game summaries, at Westminster (PA)
The game scheduled with Westminster College on November 7 was moved to November 21 in New Wilmington, Pa.  On November 20, the WUP management cancelled the game.


1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team, Roster
The roster of the 1903 Western University of Pennsylvania football team:


1903 William & Mary Orange and White football team
The 1903 William & Mary Orange and White football team was an American football team that represented the College of William & Mary as a member of the Eastern Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Association (EVIAA) during the 1903 college football season. Led by Harold J. Davall in his first and only season as head coach, the Orange and White compiled an overall record of 1–3.


1903 Willoughby state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Willoughby on 9 September 1903 because of the bankruptcy of George Howarth (Liberal Reform).


1903 Wimbledon Championships
The 1903 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 22 June until 1 July. It was the 27th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1903.


1903 Wimbledon Championships, Finals, Men's Doubles
Laurence Doherty /  Reginald Doherty defeated  Frank Riseley /  Sydney Smith, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4


1903 Wimbledon Championships – Gentlemen's Doubles
Laurence Doherty and Reginald Doherty defeated Harold Mahony and Major Ritchie 8–6, 6–2, 6–2 in the All Comers' Final, and then defeated the reigning champions Frank Riseley and Sydney Smith 6–4, 6–4, 6–4 in the Challenge Round to win the Gentlemen' Doubles tennis title at the 1903 Wimbledon Championships.


1903 Wimbledon Championships – Gentlemen's Singles
Frank Riseley defeated Major Ritchie 1–6, 6–3, 8–6, 13–11 in the All Comers' Final, but the reigning champion Laurence Doherty defeated Riseley 7–5, 6–3, 6–0 in the Challenge Round to win the Gentlemen's Singles tennis title at the 1903 Wimbledon Championships.


1903 Wimbledon Championships – Ladies' Singles
Dorothea Douglass defeated Ethel Thomson 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 in the All Comers' Final to win the Ladies' Singles tennis title at the 1903 Wimbledon Championships. The reigning champion Muriel Robb did not defend her title.


1903 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The 1903 Wisconsin Badgers football team represented the University of Wisconsin in the 1903 college football season. It was head coach Arthur Hale Curtis first year in charge of the team.


1903 World Allround Speed Skating Championships
The 1903 World Allround Speed Skating Championships took place at 20 and 21 March 1903 at the ice rink Market Place in Saint Petersburg, Russia.


1903 World Allround Speed Skating Championships
There was no defending champion. No one won at least three distances and so no World champion was declared.


1903 World Allround Speed Skating Championships, Rules
One could only win the World Championships by winning at least three of the four distances, so there would be no World Champion if no skater won at least three distances.


1903 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 1st Artistic Gymnastics World Championships were held in Antwerp, Belgium, in conjunction with the 27th Belgian Federal Festival, on 14-18 August 1903.


1903 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.


1903 World Figure Skating Championships
The competition took place from February 20 to 21 at the Yusupovsky Garden in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire and was timed to 200-year Jubilee of Saint Petersburg.


1903 World Figure Skating Championships
Carried out of the competition for the second time won the pairs competition sporting a pairs: Christina von Szabo / G. Euler (1st place) and brother and sister Mizzi Bohatsch / Otto Bohatsch (2nd place) both of Austria. Third place is left for a couple of Berlinger / Stahlberg from Germany.


1903 World Series
The 1903 World Series was the first modern World Series to be played in Major League Baseball. It matched the American League (AL) champion Boston against the National League (NL) champion Pittsburgh in a best-of-nine series, with Boston prevailing five games to three, winning the last four. The first three games were played in Boston, the next four in Allegheny (home of the Pirates), and the eighth (last) game in Boston.


1903 World Series
Pittsburgh pitcher Sam Leever injured his shoulder while trap-shooting, so his teammate Deacon Phillippe pitched five complete games. Phillippe won three of his games, but it was not enough to overcome the club from the new American League. Boston pitchers Bill Dinneen and Cy Young led Boston to victory. In Game 1, Phillippe struck out ten Boston batters. The next day, Dinneen bettered that mark, striking out 11 Pittsburgh batters in Game 2.


1903 World Series
Honus Wagner, bothered by injuries, batted only 6-for-27 (.222) in the Series and committed six errors. The shortstop was deeply distraught by his performance. The following spring, Wagner (who in 1903 led the league in batting average) refused to send his portrait to a "Hall of Fame" for batting champions. "I was too bum last year", he wrote. "I was a joke in that Boston-Pittsburgh Series. What does it profit a man to hammer along and make a few hits when they are not needed only to fall down when it comes to a pinch? I would be ashamed to have my picture up now."


1903 World Series
Due to overflow crowds at the Exposition Park games in Allegheny City, if a batted ball rolled under a rope in the outfield that held spectators back, a "ground-rule triple" would be scored. 17 ground-rule triples were hit in the four games played at the stadium.


1903 World Series
In the series, Boston came back from a three games to one deficit, winning the final four games to capture the title. Such a large comeback would not happen again until the Pirates came back to defeat the Washington Senators in the 1925 World Series, and has happened only 11 times in baseball history. (The Pirates themselves repeated this feat in 1979 against the Baltimore Orioles.) Much was made of the influence of Boston's "Royal Rooters", who traveled to Exposition Park and sang their theme song "Tessie" to distract the opposing players (especially Wagner). Boston wound up winning three out of four games in Allegheny City.


1903 World Series
Pirates owner Barney Dreyfuss added his share of the gate receipts to the players' share, so the losing team's players actually finished with a larger individual share than the winning team's.


1903 World Series
The Series brought the new American League prestige and proved its best could beat the best of the National League, thus strengthening the demand for future World Series competitions.


1903 World Series, Background, A new league
In 1901, Ban Johnson, president of the Western League, a minor league organization, formed the American League to take advantage of the National League's 1900 contraction from twelve teams to eight. Johnson and fellow owners raided the National League and signed away many star players, including Cy Young and Jimmy Collins. Johnson had a list of 46 National Leaguers he targeted for the American League; by 1902, all but one had made the jump. The constant raiding, however, nixed the idea of a championship between the two leagues.


1903 World Series, Background, A new league
Pirates owner Barney Dreyfuss, whose team ran away with the 1902 National League pennant, was open to a postseason contest and even said he would allow the American League champion to stock its roster with all-stars. However, Johnson had spoken of putting a team in Pittsburgh and even attempted to raid the Pirates' roster in August 1902, which soured Dreyfuss. At the end of the season, however, the Pirates played a group of American League All-Stars in a four-game exhibition series, winning two games to one, with one tie.


1903 World Series, Background, A new league
The leagues finally called a truce in the winter of 1902–03 and formed the National Commission to preside over organized baseball. The following season, the Boston Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates had secured their respective championship pennants by September. That August, Dreyfuss challenged the American League to an 11-game championship series. Encouraged by Johnson and National League President Harry Pulliam, Americans owner Henry J. Killilea met with Dreyfuss in Pittsburgh in September and instead agreed to a best-of-nine championship, with the first three games played in Boston, the next four in Allegheny City, and the remaining two (if necessary) in Boston.


1903 World Series, Background, A new league
One significant point about this agreement was that it was an arrangement primarily between the two clubs rather than a formal arrangement between the leagues. In short, it was a voluntary event, a fact which would result in no Series at all for 1904. The formal establishment of the Series as a compulsory event started in 1905.


1903 World Series, The teams
The Pirates won their third straight pennant in 1903 thanks to a powerful lineup that included legendary shortstop Honus Wagner, who hit .355 and drove in 101 runs, player-manager Fred Clarke, who hit .351, and Ginger Beaumont, who hit .341 and led the league in hits and runs. The Pirates' pitching was weaker than it had been in previous years but boasted 24-game winner Deacon Phillippe and 25-game winner Sam Leever.


1903 World Series, The teams
The Americans had a strong pitching staff, led by Cy Young, who went 28–9 in 1903 and became the all-time wins leader that year. Bill Dinneen and Long Tom Hughes, right-handers like Young, had won 21 games and 20 games each. The Boston outfield, featuring Chick Stahl (.274), Buck Freeman (.287, 104 RBI) and Patsy Dougherty (.331, 101 runs scored) was considered excellent.


1903 World Series, The teams
Although the Pirates had dominated their league for the previous three years, they went into the series riddled with injuries and plagued by bizarre misfortunes. Otto Krueger, the team's only utility player, was beaned on September 19 and never fully played in the series. 16-game winner Ed Doheny left the team three days later, exhibiting signs of paranoia; he was committed to an insane asylum the following month. Leever had been battling an injury to his pitching arm (which he made worse by entering a trapshooting competition). Worst of all, Wagner, who had a sore thumb throughout the season, injured his right leg in September and was never 100 percent for the postseason.


1903 World Series, The teams
Some sources say Boston were heavy underdogs. Boston bookies actually gave even odds to the teams (and only because Dreyfuss and other "sports" were alleged to have bet on Pittsburgh to bring down the odds). The teams were generally thought to be evenly matched, with the Americans credited with stronger pitching and the Pirates with superior offense and fielding. The outcome, many believed, hinged on Wagner's health. "If Wagner does not play, bet your money at two to one on Boston", said the Sporting News, "but if he does play, place your money at two to one on Pittsburg."


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
Thursday, October 1, 1903, at Huntington Avenue Baseball Grounds in Boston, Massachusetts


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 1
The Pirates started Game 1 strong, scoring six runs in the first four innings, and held on to win the first World Series game in baseball history. They extended their lead to 7–0 on a home run by Jimmy Sebring in the seventh, the first home run in World Series history. Boston tried to mount a comeback in the last three innings, but it was too little, too late; they ended up losing 7–3 in the first ever World Series game. Both Phillippe and Young threw complete games, with Phillippe striking out ten and Young fanning five, but Young also gave up twice as many hits and allowed three earned runs to Phillippe's two.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
Friday, October 2, 1903, at Huntington Avenue Baseball Grounds in Boston, Massachusetts


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
After starting out strong in Game 1, the Pirates simply shut down offensively, eking out a mere three hits, all singles. Pittsburgh starter Sam Leever went 1 inning and gave up three hits and two runs, before his ailing arm forced him to leave in favor of Bucky Veil, who finished the game. Bill Dinneen struck out 11 and pitched a complete game for the Americans, while Patsy Dougherty hit home runs in the first and sixth innings for two of the Boston's three runs.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 2
The Americans' Patsy Dougherty led off the Boston scoring with an inside-the-park home run, the first time a lead-off batter did just that until Alcides Escobar of the Kansas City Royals duplicated the feat in the 2015 World Series, 112 years later. Dougherty's second home run was the first in World Series history to actually sail over the fence, an incredibly rare feat at the time.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Saturday, October 3, 1903, at Huntington Avenue Baseball Grounds in Boston, Massachusetts


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 3
Phillippe, pitching after only a single day of rest, started Game 3 for the Pirates and didn't let them down, hurling his second complete-game victory of the Series to put Pittsburgh up two games to one.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
Tuesday, October 6, 1903, at Exposition Park (III) in Allegheny, Pennsylvania


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 4
After two days of rest, Phillippe was ready to pitch a second straight game. He threw his third complete-game victory of the series against Bill Dinneen, who was making his second start of the series. But Phillippe's second straight win was almost not to be, as the Americans, down 5–1 in the top of the ninth, rallied to narrow the deficit to one run. The comeback attempt failed, as Phillippe managed to put an end to it and give the Pirates a commanding 3–1 series lead.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Wednesday, October 7, 1903, at Exposition Park (III) in Allegheny, Pennsylvania


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 5
Game 5 was a pitcher's duel for the first five innings, with Boston's Cy Young and Pittsburgh's Brickyard Kennedy giving up no runs. That changed in the top of the sixth, however, when the Americans scored a then-record six runs before being retired. Young, on the other hand, managed to keep his shutout intact before finally giving up a pair of runs in the bottom of the eighth. He went the distance and struck out four for his first World Series win.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 6
Thursday, October 8, 1903, at Exposition Park (III) in Allegheny, Pennsylvania


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 6
Game 6 was a rematch between the starters of Game 2, Boston's Dinneen and Pittsburgh's Leever. Leever pitched a complete game this time but so did Dinneen, who outmatched him to earn his second complete-game victory of the series. After losing three of the first four games of the World Series, the underdog Americans had tied the series at three games apiece.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 7
Saturday, October 10, 1903, at Exposition Park (III) in Allegheny, Pennsylvania


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 7
The fourth and final game in Allegheny saw Phillippe start his fourth game of the Series for the Pirates. This time, however, he wouldn't fare as well as he did in his first three starts. Cy Young, in his third start of the Series, held the Pirates to three runs and put the Americans ahead for the first time as the Series moved back to Boston.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 8
Tuesday, October 13, 1903, at Huntington Avenue Baseball Grounds in Boston, Massachusetts


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 8
The final game of this inaugural World Series started out as an intense pitcher's duel, scoreless until the bottom of the fourth when Hobe Ferris hit a two-run single. Phillippe started his fifth and final game of the series and Dinneen his fourth.


1903 World Series, Matchups, Game 8
As he did in Game 2, Dinneen threw a complete-game shutout, striking out seven and leading his Americans to victory, while Phillippe pitched respectably but just couldn't match Dinneen because his arm had been worn out with five starts in the eight games, giving up three runs to give the first 20th-century World Championship to the Boston Americans, Honus Wagner striking out to end the Series.


1903 World Series, Composite line score
1903 World Series (5–3): Boston Americans (A.L.) over Pittsburgh Pirates (N.L.)


1903 World Series, Series statistics, Boston Americans, Batters
Note: GP=Games played; AB=At Bats; H=Hits; Avg.=Batting Average; HR=Home Runs; RBI=Runs Batted In


1903 World Series, Series statistics, Boston Americans, Pitchers
Note: G=Games played; GS=Games started; ERA=Earned run average; W=Wins; L=Losses; IP=Innings pitched; H=Hits; R=Runs; ER= Earned runs; BB=Walks; SO= Strikeouts


1903 World Series, Series statistics, Pittsburgh Pirates, Batters
Note: GP=Games played; AB=At Bats; H=Hits; Avg.=Batting Average; HR=Home Runs; RBI=Runs Batted In


1903 World Series, Series statistics, Pittsburgh Pirates, Pitchers
Note: G=Games played; GS=Games started; ERA=Earned run average; W=Wins; L=Losses; IP=Innings pitched; H=Hits; R=Runs; ER= Earned runs; BB=Walks; SO= Strikeouts


1903 Wyoming Cowboys football team
The 1903 Wyoming Cowboys football team represented the University of Wyoming during the 1903 college football season. In its fourth season under head coach William McMurray, the team compiled a 3–2 record and was outscored by a total of 63 to 32. Julius Merz was the team captain.


1903 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1903 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1903 college football season. The Bulldogs finished with an 11–1 record under first-year head coach George B. Chadwick. The team outscored its opponents by a combined 312 to 206 score with the only loss being by an 11–6 score to Princeton.


1903 Yale Bulldogs football team
Four Yale players (fullback Ledyard Mitchell, end Charles D. Rafferty, tackle James Hogan and guard James Bloomer) were consensus picks for the 1903 College Football All-America Team. Quarterback Foster Rockwell and halfback Harold Metcalf were also selected as first-team All-Americans by Charles Chadwick, and end Tom Shevlin was a first-team pick by the San Antonio Daily Light.


1903 Yukon general election
The 1903 Yukon general election was held on January 13, 1903. The council was expanded to elect five of the ten members to the Yukon Territorial Council. The election was fought along party lines even though the council was limited in its powers and played an advisory role to the federally appointed Commissioner.


1903 Yukon general election, Distribution
The Yukon was divided up into three electoral districts by the Yukon Territorial Council. The two rural districts were named Districts No. 1 and No 2. and each elected two members while Whitehorse became its own electoral district.


1903 Yukon general election, Distribution
After the election the validity of the election was called into question because the Yukon council might have overstepped its authority dividing up the Yukon into electoral districts.


1903 ball in the Winter Palace
The 1903 ball in the Winter Palace (Russian: Костюмированный бал 1903 года, lit. "Costume ball of 1903") was a luxurious ball during the reign of the Emperor Nicholas II of Russia. It was held in the Winter Palace, Saint Petersburg, in two stages, on February 11 and 13. All the visitors were in bejeweled 17th-century style costumes, made from designs by the artist Sergey Solomko, in collaboration with historical experts.


1903 ball in the Winter Palace
Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovitch recalled the occasion as "the last spectacular ball in the history of the empire ... [ but] a new and hostile Russia glared through the large windows of the palace ... while we danced, the workers were striking and the clouds in the Far East were hanging dangerously low."


1903 ball in the Winter Palace
The entire Imperial family posed in rich 17th-century costumes, Tsar Nicholas as Alexis, the Tsaritsa Alexandra as Maria Miloslavskaya, in the Hermitage Theatre, many wearing priceless original items brought specially from the Kremlin, for what was to be their final photograph together.


1903 college baseball season
The 1903 college baseball season, play of college baseball in the United States began in the spring of 1903. Play largely consisted of regional matchups, some organized by conferences, and ended in June. No national championship event was held until 1947.


1903 college baseball season, Conference winners
This is a partial list of conference champions from the 1903 season.


1903 college football season
The 1903 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Michigan and Princeton as having been selected national champions.


1903 in Afghanistan
The following lists events that happened during 1903 in Afghanistan.


1903 in Afghanistan
The year passes quietly, without any internal disturbances, and nothing more is heard, or at least made public, about the attempt of Russia to establish direct intercourse between its own and the Afghan frontier officials for commercial purposes. The amir appoints his brother, Sardar Nasrullah Khan, commander-in-chief, and he orders the construction of a line of fortified serais from Dacca to Kabul, from Kabul to Kotal Manjan, in Badakhshan, from Kabul to the Oxus, and from Balkh to Bala Murghab, on the Russian frontier.


1903 in Afghanistan, February 4, 1903
Maj. Henry McMahon, the British officer appointed to settle the boundary dispute between Persia and Afghanistan, reaches the Helmand, and is joined by the Afghan commissioner on February 12. The work is said to proceed satisfactorily. A joint Afghan and British commission was appointed to demarcate the boundary between the two countries, from Nawa Kila, where Richard Udny left off in 1895, to the Peiwar, where Mr. Donald began on the Kurram side.


1903 in Afghanistan, Early 1903
The amir is compelled to abandon his project of forming a bodyguard of Afridis owing to the jealousy which it excited, and those who were enlisted are disbanded and sent back to their homes, and their rifles are taken back from them.


1903 in Afghanistan, September 1903
There is a severe outbreak of cholera at Kabul, which proves fatal to more than one of the amir's leading officials. The amir himself remains in Kabul throughout the outbreak, doing his utmost to allay the alarm, and personally superintending sanitary reforms.


1903 in Afghanistan, October 1903
Thirty-six sepoys are tried by court-martial at Kabul on charges of inciting to rebellion, and are put to death in the presence of all the troops.


1903 in Afghanistan, October 16, 1903
The amir holds a great durbar in honour of his accession, and speaks in praise of the mullahs, whom he is said to greatly favour generally.


1903 in Afghanistan, Late 1903
It is reported that the amir's half-brother, Mohammad Omar, is suspected of intriguing against him, and that there is a serious dispute between the amir and Mohammad Omar's mother about family jewels.


1903 in Argentine football
1903 in Argentine football saw champion Alumni win its fourth consecutive league championship. On 26 July 1903 Alumni lost its first league game in four years. Flores A.C., which had left the Association in 1898, returned to the competition under the name "Club Atlético de Flores".


1903 in Argentine football, Primera División
The championship was expanded to a 6 team league format in 1903, with each team playing the other twice. In February 1903 the association changed its name from "The Argentine Association Football League" to "Argentine Football Association"


1903 in Australia
The following lists events that happened during 1903 in Australia.


1903 in Australian literature
This article presents a list of the historical events and publications of Australian literature during 1903.


1903 in Australian literature, Births
A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1903 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of death.


1903 in Australian literature, Deaths
A list, ordered by date of death (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1903 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth.


1903 in Australian soccer
The 1903 season was the 20th season of competitive association football in Australia.


1903 in Australian soccer, Cup competitions
(Note: figures in parentheses display the club's competition record as winners/runners-up.)


1903 in Brazilian football
The 1903 season was the second season of competitive football in Brazil.


1903 in British music
This is a summary of 1903 in music in the United Kingdom.


1903 in Canada, Historical Documents
Saint John Globe correspondent covers canoe trip down Saint John River above Fredericton, N.B.


1903 in Canada, Historical Documents
Halifax Morning Chronicle correspondent provides humorous profile of New Westminster, B.C.


1903 in Canada, Historical Documents
Gold, fraud and foxes in news from New Bay, Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland


1903 in Canada, Historical Documents
Despite late planting and her husband working off-farm, newly immigrated woman and sons bring in successful harvest in Saskatchewan


1903 in Canada, Historical Documents
Explorer's last words as he starves to death on Labrador expedition that his wife later completes


1903 in Canadian football, News
The  Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU) adopted the Burnside Rules which reduced teams to 12 men per side, put into play the snap-back system of moving the ball, required the offensive team to gain 10 yards on three downs, abolished the throw-in from the sidelines, permitted only six men on the line, stated that all goals by kicking were to be worth two points, and the opposition was to line up 10 yards from the defenders on all kicks. The rules were to be made uniform across the country as quickly as possible. The Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union (CIRFU), Quebec Rugby Football Union (QRFU) and Canadian Rugby Union (CRU) refused to adopt the new Rules.


1903 in Canadian football, News
QRFU and CRU reduced their rosters from 15 to 14 players. CRU ruled that possession could not go beyond three scrimmages unless during the third scrimmage the ball was moved five yards on a run or a kick. Ottawa returned to the QRFU and the Manitoba Rugby Football Union (MRFU) moved to a fall schedule.


1903 in Canadian football, Regular season, Final regular season standings
Note: GP = games played, W = wins, L = losses, T = ties, PF = points for, PA = points against, Pts = points


1903 in Canadian football, Playoffs
No Dominion Final was played this year due to a rules dispute over the newly adopted Burnside Rules used by the ORFU.


1903 in Chile
The following lists events that happened during 1903 in Chile.


1903 in China
The following lists events that happened during 1903 in China.


1903 in El Salvador
The following lists events that happened in 1903 in El Salvador.


1903 in Italy, Events
The year is marked by the return of Giovanni Giolitti as Prime Minister. He will dominate Italian politics until World War I, a period known as the Giolittian Era in which Italy experienced an industrial expansion, the rise of organised labour and the emergence of an active Catholic political movement.


1903 in Japan
Events in the year 1903 in Japan. It corresponds to Meiji 36 (明治36年) in the Japanese calendar.


1903 in New Zealand
The following lists events that happened during 1903 in New Zealand.


1903 in New Zealand, Incumbents, Government
The 15th New Zealand Parliament continued. In government was the Liberal Party.


1903 in New Zealand, Events, September
26 September – New Zealand is the first country in the world to pass a Wireless Telegraphy Act.


1903 in New Zealand, Sport, Boxing
The Bantamweight division is included in the national championships for the first time.


1903 in Norwegian football
The 1903 season was the 2nd season of competitive football in Norway. This page lists results from Norwegian football in 1903.


1903 in Norwegian music
The following is a list of notable events and releases of the year 1903 in Norwegian music.


1903 in South Africa
The following lists events that happened during 1903 in South Africa.


1903 in Swedish football
The 1903 season in Swedish football, starting January 1903 and ending December 1903:


1903 in Wales
This article is about the particular significance of the year 1903 to Wales and its people.


1903 in architecture
The year 1903 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.


1903 in association football
The following are the association football events of the year 1903 throughout the world.


1903 in baseball
The following are the baseball events of the year 1903  throughout the world.


1903 in film
The year 1903 in film involved many significant events in cinema.


1903 in jazz
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by 63.143.205.78 (talk) at 16:36, 16 November 2019. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1903 in jazz
This is a timeline documenting events of Jazz in the year 1903.


1903 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1903.


1903 in motorsport
The following is an overview of the events of 1903 in motorsport including the major racing events, motorsport venues that were opened and closed during a year, championships and non-championship events that were established and disestablished in a year, and births and deaths of racing drivers and other motorsport people.


1903 in music
This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1903.


1903 in paleontology
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by BHGbot (talk | contribs) at 22:53, 18 June 2020 (WP:BHGbot 6 (List 5): fixed sort key; WP:GENFIXES). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1903 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1903.


1903 in paleontology, Archosauromorphs, Newly named dinosaurs
Erroneously thought preoccupied by Haplacanthus Agassiz, 1945 and renamed Haplocanthosaurus.


1903 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1903 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1903 in rail transport
This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1903.


1903 in science
The year 1903 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.


1903 in science fiction
The year 1903 was marked, in science fiction, by the following events.


1903 in science fiction, Awards
The main science-fiction Awards known at the present time did not exist at this time.


1903 in sports
1903 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.


1903 in the Congo Free State
The following lists events that happened during 1903 in the Congo Free State.


1903 papal conclave
The 1903 papal conclave followed the death of Pope Leo XIII after a reign of 25 years. Some 62 cardinals participated in the balloting. Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria asserted the right claimed by certain Catholic rulers to veto a candidate for the papacy, blocking the election of the leading candidate, Cardinal Secretary of State Mariano Rampolla.


1903 papal conclave
On the morning of the fifth day, on its seventh ballot, the conclave elected Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, who took the name Pius X.


1903 papal conclave, Background
The pontificate of Leo XIII came to an end on 20 July 1903 after 25 years, longer than any previous elected Pope, except his predecessor Pius IX; together, they had reigned 57 years. While Pius had been a conservative reactionary, Leo had been seen as a liberal, certainly in comparison with his predecessor. As cardinals gathered, the key question was whether a pope would be chosen who would continue Leo's policies or return to the style of papacy of Pius IX.


1903 papal conclave, Background
Of the 64 cardinals, 62 participated, the largest number to enter a conclave up until that time. Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano was the only elector with previous experience of electing a pope. Health prevented Michelangelo Celesia of Palermo from traveling and Patrick Francis Moran of Sydney was not expected before August 20.


1903 papal conclave, Balloting
When the cardinals assembled in the Sistine Chapel, attention focused on Cardinal Secretary of State Mariano Rampolla, though cardinals from the German and Austro-Hungarian Empires preferred a candidate more closely aligned with their interests, which meant relatively hostile to France and republicanism and less supportive of the social justice advocacy of Leo XIII. They were persuaded that their first choice, Serafino Vannutelli, who had been a Vatican diplomat in Vienna, was not electable and settled on Girolamo Maria Gotti instead.


1903 papal conclave, Balloting
After a first day without balloting, the cardinals voted once each morning and once each afternoon. The first ballots were taken on the second day of the conclave, and that afternoon's ballot had 29 votes for Rampolla, 16 for Gotti, and 10 for Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, and others scattered. Some of the Germans thought that Gotti's appeal was limited and decided to support Sarto as their best alternative to Rampolla, who otherwise appeared likely to win the two-thirds vote required, which was 42.


1903 papal conclave, Balloting
As the cardinals were completing their third set of ballots on the morning of 2 August, Cardinal Jan Maurycy Pawel Puzyna de Kosielsko, the Prince-Bishop of Kraków and a subject of Austria-Hungary, acting on instructions from Franz Joseph, Emperor of Austria, exercised the Emperor's right of jus exclusivae, that is, to veto one candidate. At first there were objections and some cardinals wanted to ignore the Emperor's communication.


1903 papal conclave, Balloting
Then Rampolla called it "an affront to the dignity of the Sacred College" but withdrew himself from consideration saying that "with regard to my humble person, I declare that nothing could be more honorable, nothing more agreeable could have happened." Nevertheless the third ballot showed no change in support for Rampolla, still with 29 votes, while the next two candidates had switched positions, with 21 for Sarto and 9 for Gotti. Several cardinals later wrote of their disgust at the Emperor's intervention, one writing that it left a "great, painful impression on all".


1903 papal conclave, Balloting
The afternoon tested the remaining sympathy for Rampolla, who gained a single vote, while Sarto had 24 and Gotti fell to 3. The precise impact of the Emperor's intervention is difficult to assess, since Rampolla continued to have strong support for several ballots. Yet one contemporaneous assessment held that "After calm reflection, those who had voted for Rampolla up to this time had to consider that an election against the expressed wish of the Emperor of Austria would at once place the new Pope in a most unpleasant position."


1903 papal conclave, Balloting
The fifth ballot on the morning on the fourth day (3 August) showed Sarto leading with 27, Rampolla down to 24, and Gotti at 6, with a few still scattered. Sarto then announced that the cardinals should vote for someone else, that he did not have what was required of a pope. The movement toward Sarto continued in the afternoon: Sarto 35, Rampolla 16, Gotti 7. On the morning of 4 August, on the seventh ballot, the conclave elected Sarto with 50 votes, leaving 10 for Rampolla and 2 for Gotti.


1903 papal conclave, Balloting
Sarto took the name Pius X. Following the practice of his two immediate predecessors since the 1870 invasion of Rome, Pius X gave his first Urbi et Orbi blessing on a balcony facing into St. Peter's Basilica rather than facing the crowds outside, a symbolic representation of his opposition to Italian rule of Rome and his demand for a return of the Papal States to his authority.


1903 papal conclave, End of the veto
On 20 January 1904, less than six months after his election, Pius X issued the apostolic constitution Commissum Nobis which prohibited the exercise of the jus exclusivae. Where previous popes had issued rules restricting outside influence on the cardinal electors, Pius used more thorough and detailed language, prohibiting not only the assertion of the right to veto but even the expression of "a simple desire" to that effect. He set automatic excommunication as the penalty for violating his strictures. He also required conclave participants to swear an oath to abide by these rules and not allow any influence by "lay powers of any grade or order".


1903 water riots
The 1903 water riots took place at Port of Spain on March 23rd in the then British colony Trinidad and Tobago. As a result of the riots, the Red House, which was the seat of the Executive and Legislative Council was destroyed.


1903 water riots
At around 1900, Trinidad had a high consumption of water. In 1874 the yearly water consumption per citizen was twice as high as in London. Following the building of national waterworks infrastructure, the Government passed an ordinance that increased the cost of water, enacting the installation of water meters in private homes. A number of public meetings had been held to protest the increase, culminating in a demonstration on 23 March in Brunswick Square, located outside the Red House.


1903 water riots
Protesters threw rocks at the building, smashing windows (including a historical stained glass window commemorating the arrival of Christopher Columbus) and causing members of the legislature to hide under tables for protection. The protesters then set the lower floor on fire, at which time police opened fire on the crowd, killing sixteen people, and injuring forty-two others (among which, two teenagers and one child). The fire completely gutted the Red House.


1903 water riots, Further reading
This Trinidad and Tobago article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1903–04 Aberdeen F.C. season
Aberdeen F.C. competed in the Northern League and Scottish Cup in the 1903–04 season.


1903–04 Aberdeen F.C. season, Overview
It was Aberdeen's first season in Scottish football, the club having been established in April 1903 following a merger of three local clubs, Orion, Victoria United and the original Aberdeen F.C.. Aberdeen failed to gain election to the Scottish First Division and did not apply to join the Second Division. They were placed in the Northern League along with eleven other clubs from the North of Scotland. The club finished third in the league, but lost their first Scottish Cup tie to Alloa Athletic.


1903–04 Army Cadets men's basketball team
The 1903–04 Army Cadets men's basketball team represented United States Military Academy during the 1903–04 college men's basketball season. The head coach was Joseph Stilwell, coaching his second season with the Black Cadets. The team captain was Horatio Hackett.


1903–04 Army Cadets men's ice hockey season
The 1903–04 Army Cadets men's ice hockey season was the inaugural season of play for the program.


1903–04 Army Cadets men's ice hockey season, Season
Army began their program in the spring semester of the 1903–04 school term. Captain Edward Leonard King, the head coach of the football team, agreed to coach the ice hockey team as well. The team began its oldest rivalry against the Royal Military College of Canada (then called Kingston Military Academy), winning the first meeting 11–0.


1903–04 Aston Villa F.C. season
The 1903–04 Football League season was Aston Villa's 16th season in the  First Division, the top flight of English football at the time. The season fell in what was to be called Villa's golden era. In locally organised competition, Villa beat  Small Heath in the first round of the Birmingham Senior Cup.


1903–04 Aston Villa F.C. season
During the season Howard Spencer was captain of the club. Arthur Lockett, such a key figure in the Stoke side the previous season, signed for Villa. Jack Windmill signed from Halesowen Town making his debut on 7 November 1903 in a 3–1 home win against Newcastle United. Bert Hall scored six goals in his nine league outings in the 1903–04 season. He was noted as being a hard working outside left player who teamed up well with Joe Bache.


1903–04 Belgian First Division, Overview
It was contested by 12 teams, and Union Saint-Gilloise won the championship.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season
The 1903–04 season was Blackpool F.C. 's seventh season (fourth consecutive) in the Football League. They competed in the eighteen-team Division Two, then the second tier of English football, finishing fifteenth.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season
New signings included forwards Charles Bennett and Fred Pentland and midfielder John Rooke. Out during the close season had gone Jack Birchall, Walter Cookson, Harold Hardman, Harry Stirzaker, Henry Parr, and Lorenzo Evans.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season
Charles Bennett was the club's top scorer, with nine goals.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
The season began with a 3–0 defeat at Woolwich Arsenal on 5 September in front of a crowd of 12,000.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Another defeat followed seven days later, 0–2 at home to Barnsley.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Blackpool picked up their first point of the season on 19 September, in a goalless draw at Lincoln City, and the following week chalked up their first victory: 4–1 against Stockport County at Bloomfield Road. Fred Pentland, John Rooke,  Jack Scott and Jack Parkinson scored the hosts' goals.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Two consecutive defeats ensued — 1–2 at Chesterfield on 3 October, and 1–4 at home to Bolton Wanderers on 10 October. Pentland scored the Seasiders' goal in each game.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Pentland made it five goals in four games when he netted twice in a 4–1 victory at Burnley on 17 October. Geordie Anderson and Edward Threlfall were the other Blackpool scorers.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Four consecutive defeats followed — 0–3 at home to Preston North End in the first West Lancashire derby of the season, 1–2 at home to Leicester Fosse (Carthy getting Blackpool's goal), 1–3 at Gainsborough Trinity (William Anderton), and 0–5 at Bristol City.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Back-to-back victories over Glossop North End followed: 1–0 (Bennett) and 3–2 (Anderson twice, Bennett) on Christmas Day.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
The next day, Bradford City visited Bloomfield Road, and the Bantams returned to Yorkshire with both points after a single-goal victory.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Another defeat followed on New Year's Day, 0–3 at Bolton Wanderers.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
On 2 January, Woolwich Arsenal travelled to Lancashire and were held to a 2–2 draw. A Jackson own-goal and Marshall McEwan (with his first and only goal for the club) were the Seasiders' scorers.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
A week later, Blackpool met Barnsley at Oakwell, and that match also finished 2–2. Bennett scored both for Blackpool.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Blackpool obtained their first victory in five games at home to Lincoln City on 16 January. Scott and Parkinson found the net for the hosts.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Stockport County avenged their 4–1 defeat at Bloomfield Road back in September with a 2–1 victory in the reverse fixture on 23 January. Birkett netted his first of the season for the visitors.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
A goalless draw at home to Chesterfield at the end of the month was followed two weeks later by a 5–0 home defeat at the hands of Burnley.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Blackpool licked their wounds and returned to winning ways in the following game — a 4–1 victory at home to Burton United. Geordie Anderson scored a hat-trick, and Bennett scored the other, his fifth of the campaign.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
A second consecutive victory occurred when Grimsby Town visited Bloomfield Road seven days later. Two penalties (one from Birkett; the other, Scott) and Bennett gave 'Pool both points.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
A thirteenth defeat for Blackpool in their 24 games followed — 1–5 at Leicester Fosse, Bennett again finding the net for Blackpool.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Bennett made it four in four in the next game, a 2–1 victory over Manchester United at Bloomfield Road. Rooke, with his second strike of the season, was the other Blackpool scorer.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Remaining consistently inconsistent, Blackpool endured another heavy defeat on 12 March — 0–5 at Burslem Port Vale.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Seven days later, Blackpool hosted Gainsborough Trinity and edged a three-goal game. Bennett and Threlfall got the Seasiders' goals.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
A visit to Burton United on 26 March saw the spoils shared in a 1–1 draw. Rooke scored Blackpool's goal.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Blackpool made it three games unbeaten (tying their season record) with a single-goal victory over Burslem Port Vale at Bloomfield Road, Geordie Anderson finding the net.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
Three defeats followed — 0–1 at home to Bristol City and, two days later, 0–4 at Grimsby Town and 1–3 at Manchester United. Stanley Spencer scored Blackpool's goal in the latter game, in what was his only appearance for the club.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
A 23 April visit to Bradford City proved fruitful, as Blackpool won 2–0, with Rooke getting bot goals.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Season review
The season was rounded off with the return leg of the West Lancashire derby against Preston North End. In front of their own fans, Preston won by a single goal, giving them the Division Two championship in the process.


1903–04 Blackpool F.C. season, Transfers, Out
The following players left after the final game of the previous season:


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season
The 1903–04 season was the first season in Bradford City A.F.C. 's history, having been founded on 29 May 1903 and then elected into the Football League to replace Doncaster Rovers in the Second Division. They finished in 10th position in the league and reached the fourth qualifying round of the FA Cup.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season
Bradford City were formed following a series of meetings during the first half of 1903 and replaced the former rugby league club of Manningham, whose Valley Parade ground they used. The club had already signed six players before they were accepted into the league before the rest of the side were later signed by a five-man committee. The board directors appointed Robert Campbell as the club's first manager. Bradford City's first game ended in a 2–0 defeat at Grimsby Town and the first home game resulted in another loss to Gainsborough Trinity. Club captain Johnny McMillan finished the top goalscorer with 14 league and two FA Cup goals.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Background
Organised league football had been played in the West Riding of Yorkshire since 1894 in the West Yorkshire League, but no side from the county had played in the Football League. So on 30 January 1903, Scotsman James Whyte, a sub-editor of the Bradford Observer, met with Football Association representative John Brunt at Valley Parade, the home of the city's rugby league side Manningham Football Club, to discuss establishing a Football League club within Bradford.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Background
In May, Manningham's committee decided to swap codes from rugby to association football and so the Football League decided to invite Bradford City to join their league in a bid to introduce association football to the West Riding, the main sport in which was rugby league. The League voted in favour of replacing Doncaster Rovers, who had finished the 1902–03 season in 16th position in the Second Division, with Bradford City even though Bradford had yet to play a single game.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, Pre-season
Even before Bradford City were guaranteed a place in the Football League, the club made its first acquisitions by signing Jack Forrest and Ben Prosser from Stoke on 1 May. These were followed by four more players joining the club; Sam Bright, George Robinson, Peter O'Rourke and Jimmy Millar. Despite not having enough players to field a full side, four club representatives travelled to London by the end of May for a league management committee meeting, when the club was elected into the Second Division. Money was raised to fund the club, including at least £2,000 from sponsors, a balance of £500 from Manningham FC and proceeds from a summer archery tournament. Bradford City also took over Manningham's Valley Parade ground for their home fixtures.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, Pre-season
The four-strong party which visited London, as well as newly elected Alfred Ayrton made up five members of a 13-man sub-committee which controlled club affairs. The first five, who also included J. Brunt, J.E. Fattorini, A.J. Foxcroft and J.T. Whyte, were responsible for first team matters. On 20 June, the club directors appointed former Sunderland secretary-manager Robert Campbell as Bradford City's first manager from a shortlist of 30 applicants. Campbell's role was to coach the players, helped by trainer George Cutts. Ayrton, who had been president of Manningham FC, became the club's first chairman.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, Pre-season
Bradford played no recorded pre-season friendlies. Instead, Campbell and Cutts, decided on the first selection for the opening game of the season with Grimsby Town by playing a series of Whites v Stripes games between professionals already signed by the club and amateur players. The first squad was signed at a cost of £917 10s 0d, with the players choosing Johnny McMillan as their own captain. Millar, a defender signed from Middlesbrough, was chosen as vice-captain.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, September
Bradford City's first league game was at Blundell Park against Grimsby Town on 1 September 1903, on a sunny Tuesday evening in front of 10,000 fans. The pioneering team consisted of Arthur Seymour in goal, defenders Willie Wilson, Fred Halliday, George Robinson, Jimmy Millar and Thomas Farnall with Richard Guy, John Beckram, Jack Forrest, Johnny McMillan and John Graham in attack. Graham, Beckram and Guy all came close to giving City an opening day lead, but Grimsby scored through Archie Dunn.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, September
After City were reduced to ten men because of an injury to Guy, Fred Rouse doubled Grimsby's lead in the second half; Grimsby finished the victors 2–0. Four days later, City hosted their first home at Valley Parade against Gainsborough Trinity. The game attracted 11,000 spectators even though there was no covered accommodation for fans. Among the spectators was Bradford's Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress. City lost 3–1 with Guy scoring the club's first ever league goal, but they also had a goal disallowed and missed a penalty. The Bradford Daily Argus reported that the goal was "greeted with a shout which awoke babies on the distant hillsides of Bolton and Eccleshill. The match highlights were shown in Bradford's St George's Hall later in the same evening.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, September
Bradford won their first game in the league in their third game of the season, with a 2–0 victory against Burton United at Peel Croft. A week later, they won their first game at their Valley Parade home by defeating Bristol City 1–0. McMillan scored in each game, with Forrest also scoring against Burton. They finished the month with a 3–1 loss at Manchester United.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, October
Bradford played only two league games during October. The first ended in a 5–2 defeat to Burslem Port Vale; the second – on 24 October – finished in a 3–1 victory to Bradford against fellow Yorkshire side Barnsley. Instead, City played their first games in the FA Cup in the club's history. The first qualifying round match and the club's debut in the competition was a 6–1 victory against Rockingham Colliery with six different City players on the scoresheet. City progressed through the following two qualifying rounds against Mirfield United and Worksop Town, with all three games being held at Valley Parade.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, October
During October, City also hosted an inter-league game between the English and Irish Leagues at Valley Parade. Although the ground was not up to high standards, the Football League was keen to encourage football in Bradford. An estimated 20,000 supporters attended the match which finished with a 2–1 victory for the Football League. The club also made their first signing since the start of the season, bringing in forward Thomas Drain from Scottish side Maybole.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, November and December
City went another two weeks before playing again when their FA Cup run came to an end with a 2–1 defeat at their fellow Second Division side Chesterfield in the fourth qualifying round. They returned to league action on 21 November against Bolton Wanderers, nearly a month since their win against Barnsley. Drain, who had scored on his debut against Barnsley, scored Bradford's first ever hat-trick, but the game finished in a 3–3 draw. A week later, Drain scored for the third successive league match but City lost 3–2 to Burnley.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, November and December
Bradford played six games during December, with the first two ending in draws against Preston North End and Stockport County. On 19 December, City defeated Leicester Fosse 4–0 at Valley Parade. It was City's highest league victory of the season with McMillan scoring his side's second hat-trick of the campaign. City finished the month with three games in the space of four days. They first lost 4–1 to Woolwich Arsenal on Christmas Day, before a 1–0 victory at Blackpool. The year finished with a draw against Port Vale.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, January, February and March
At the turn of the new year, City were defeated by Gainsborough Trinity, before they completed their first double by defeating Burton United 3–0. Two draws followed – against Bristol City and Manchester United. City extended their unbeaten run by winning all three matches during February, with victories against Glossop, Barnsley and Lincoln City. Each victory finished 2–1 with Beckram, Drain and Robinson all scoring twice during the month. The club's six-game unbeaten run came to an end in the return fixture at Glossop, with further defeats following against Stockport County and Chesterfield. The three-game losing streak was overturned with a 3–0 win over Burnley; Graham scored twice to become the third player to score more than one goal during a league game.


1903–04 Bradford City A.F.C. season, Review, April
City packed in eight games during April to complete the league season. On 1 April, they lost to Lincoln City and then the following day they lost to Preston North End. A third game in four days finished in a 1–1 draw with Chesterfield. The first victory of the month came in the reverse fixture against the club's first ever league opponents Grimsby Town. City lost 1–0 to Bolton Wanderers before a 2–1 victory followed against Leicester Fosse, with McMillan scoring one of the goals. The final two matches both ended in defeats without City scoring; first to Arsenal, then to Blackpool. City finished 10th at the end of the first season recording 31 points from 34 games.