1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1911
Peak winds there were estimated around 251 km/h (156 mph), based on the severity of the airborne debris. Elsewhere on the island, the highest recorded wind speed was 196 km/h (122 mph). Across Taiwan, the typhoon destroyed over 30,000 houses, injured 378, and killed 305 people. The storm made landfall in eastern China on August 27 and continued northward for three more days.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1912
In 1912, there were 27 tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1912
In August, a typhoon struck near Wenzhou, China, killing 50,000 people.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1912
In September, a typhoon killed 1,000 people and left US$20 million in damage when it struck Japan.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1912
On November 26, a typhoon struck Palau, killing two people.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1913
In 1913, there were 23 tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1913
On November 10, a typhoon hit Guam. The USS Ajax was wrecked during the storm. A hospital steward was reported to have been killed, though they were later found alive.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1914
In 1914, there were 25 tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1915
In 1915, there were 23 tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1916
In 1916, there were 23 tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1917
In 1917, there were 16 tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1917
In September, a typhoon struck the Japanese island of Honshu, killing 4,000 people and leaving US$50 million in damage.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1918
In 1918, there were 16 tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1918
In November, a typhoon killed 129 people when it struck Majuro in the Marshall Islands.


1902–1919 Pacific typhoon seasons, 1919
In 1919, there were 26 tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean.


1903
1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1903rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 903rd  year of the 2nd millennium, the 3rd  year of the 20th century, and the  4th   year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1903, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.


1903 Aberdare Urban District Council election
The Aberdare Urban District Council was established in 1894 and covered the parish of Aberdare. Its responsibilities included public health, sanitation, roads and public works generally.


1903 Aberdare Urban District Council election
There were five wards, namely Aberaman (also known as No. 5 Ward), Blaengwawr (also known as No. 4 Ward), Gadlys (also known as No. 2 Ward), Llwydcoed (also known as No. 1 Ward), and the Town Ward (also known as No. 3 Ward). At this time, one member was elected from each ward on an annual basis.


1903 Aberdare Urban District Council election
An election was held in April 1903. It was preceded by the 1902 election and followed by the 1904 election. The term of office of members elected at the 1900 election came to an end and those elected were to serve until 1906.


1903 Aberdare Urban District Council election
The election was notable for the breakthrough made by the Labour Party.


1903 Academy of Idaho Bantams football team
The 1903 Academy of Idaho Bantams football team represented the Academy of Idaho—now known as Idaho State University– during the 1903 college football season. They finished with a 0–1–1 record.


1903 Alabama Crimson Tide baseball team
The 1903 Alabama Crimson Tide baseball team represented the Alabama Crimson Tide of the University of Alabama in the 1903 college baseball season, winning the SIAA championship.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team
The 1903 Alabama Crimson White football team (variously "Alabama", "UA" or "Bama") represented the University of Alabama in the 1903 college football season. The team was led by head coach W. A. Blount, in his first season, and played their home games at The Quad in Tuscaloosa and at West End Park in Birmingham, Alabama. In what was the eleventh season of Alabama football, the team finished with a record of three wins and four losses (3–4, 3–4 SIAA). Alabama did not have another losing season until their 1951 season.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team
Alabama opened the season with a pair of shutout losses on the road. After their loss at Vanderbilt, they were defeated by Mississippi A&M at Columbus in what was their first all-time win against Alabama. They then won their first game against Auburn at Montgomery. Alabama then played back-to-back Monday games and lost to Sewanee at Birmingham and defeated LSU in the first Tuscaloosa game of the season. They then closed the season with a loss to eventual SIAA co-champion Cumberland and their first all-time victory over Tennessee in their final game on Thanksgiving.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Vanderbilt
Alabama opened the 1903 season with a 30–0 loss against Vanderbilt in the first all-time meeting between the schools at Dudley Field. Vanderbilt took an 18–0 halftime lead after first half touchdowns were scored twice by Ed Hamilton and followed by John J. Tigert. The Commodores then closed the game with two touchdowns in the second half scored by Dan Blake and Bob Blake for the 30–0 victory. Tigert converted all five PAT's in their victory. Frank Kyle starred for the Commodores in the contest with runs of 30, 35, 48 and 50-yards against the Crimson White.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Vanderbilt
The starting lineup was: R. L. Lodge (left end), Aubrey Boyles (left tackle), W. C. Oates (left guard), James C. Gwin (center), J. C. Fortune (right guard), John Roberts Peavy (right tackle), W. S. Sherrill (right end), W. S. Wyatt (quarterback), Auxford Burks (left halfback), Truman Smith (right halfback), Frank B. Clark (fullback).


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Mississippi A&M
A week after their loss to Vanderbilt, Alabama was defeated the Aggies of Mississippi A&M (now known as Mississippi State University) 11–0 at the Columbus Fairgrounds in Columbus, Mississippi. The game was played before 5,000 fans in a light drizzle with the Aggies scoring all of their points in the second half after a scoreless first. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Mississippi A&M (Mississippi State) to 3–1.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Auburn
After being shut out for their first two games, Alabama upset the Alabama Polytechnic Institute (now known as Auburn University) 18–6 before 1,200 fans at Riverside Park in Montgomery. J. V. Boyles scored a touchdown for Alabama to cap a 19-play, 79-yard drive on their opening possession and with the extra point took a 6–0 lead.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Auburn
In the second half, Alabama extended their lead to 12–0 after Truman Smith scored on a 45-yard touchdown run. After Auburn cut the lead to 12–6 with a W. G. Boyd touchdown run, Alabama scored the final points of the game on a 25-yard Smith run for the 18–6 victory. The victory brought Alabama's all-time record against Auburn to 2–6.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Auburn
The starting lineup was: R. L. Lodge (left end), Aubrey Boyles (left tackle), W. C. Oates (left guard), James C. Gwin (center), J. C. Fortune (right guard), John Roberts Peavy (right tackle), W. S. Sherrill (right end), W. S. Wyatt (quarterback), Auxford Burks (left halfback), Truman Smith (right halfback), Frank B. Clark (fullback).


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Sewanee
Playing Sewanee for the first time since the 1896 season, Alabama was shut out 23–0 at West End Park in Birmingham. John Schaffer starred for the Tigers with three separate runs of 40-yards in the victory. The game was originally scheduled to be played in Tuscaloosa, but was subsequently moved to Birmingham in an effort to increase gate receipts. The loss brought Alabama's all-time record against Sewanee to 1–3.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Sewanee
The starting lineup was: R. L. Lodge (left end), Aubrey Boyles (left tackle), W. C. Oates (left guard), James C. Gwin (center), Guy Redden (right guard), John C. McCorquodale (right tackle), W. S. Sherrill (right end), W. S. Wyatt (quarterback), Auxford Burks (left halfback), Truman Smith (right halfback), W. McMahon (fullback).


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, LSU
Alabama secured their first all-time victory over LSU with its 18–0 win at Tuscaloosa. Both John Roberts Peavy and W. S. Sherrill scored first half touchdowns, and Truman Smith scored on a fake punt returned 65-yards for the 18–0 victory. The victory brought Alabama's all-time record against LSU to 1–2.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, LSU
The starting lineup was: R. L. Lodge (left end), Aubrey Boyles (left tackle), W. C. Oates (left guard), James C. Gwin (center), Guy Redden (right guard), John Roberts Peavy (right tackle), W. S. Sherrill (right end), W. S. Wyatt (quarterback), Auxford Burks (left halfback), Truman Smith (right halfback), W. McMahon (fullback).


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Cumberland
Against Cumberland University of Lebanon, Tennessee, Alabama lost 44–0 on The Quad in Tuscaloosa.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Cumberland
The starting lineup was: W. S. Sherrill (left end), John Roberts Peavy (left tackle), W. C. Oates (left guard), James C. Gwin (center), Guy Redden (right guard), Aubrey Boyles (right tackle), R. L. Lodge (right end), W. S. Wyatt (quarterback), Auxford Burks (left halfback), Truman Smith (right halfback), W. McMahon (fullback).


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Tennessee
A week after their 44–0 loss to Cumberland, Alabama defeated Tennessee 24–0 at Birmingham. Alabama scored touchdowns on runs of three-yards by W. McMahon, one-yard by John Roberts Peavy, one-yard by Auxford Burks and two-yards by Truman Smith. The victory brought Alabama's all-time record against Tennessee to 1–0–1.


1903 Alabama Crimson White football team, Game summaries, Tennessee
The starting lineup was: R. L. Lodge (left end), Aubrey Boyles (left tackle), Guy Redden (left guard), James C. Gwin (center), W. C. Oates (right guard), John Roberts Peavy (right tackle), W. S. Sherrill (right end), W. S. Wyatt (quarterback), Auxford Burks (left halfback), Truman Smith (right halfback), W. McMahon (fullback).


1903 Albany College football team
The 1903 Albany College football team represented Albany College during the 1903 college football season. The team beat Oregon Agricultural. The team also beat Linfield.


1903 All England Badminton Championships
The 1903 All England Championships was a badminton tournament held at the London Rifle Brigade Drill Hall in Islington, London, England from 26-28 March 1903.


1903 All England Badminton Championships
In the men's singles Ralph Watling of Great Yarmouth successfully defended his title.


1903 All England Badminton Championships
Meriel Lucas was unable to defend her singles and doubles titles due to a family illness. The women's singles and doubles consisted of only three rounds following a small number of entries. The women's singles only had five entries and this was attributed to the increase in younger players causing the older women not to enter.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 17th staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition. Kerry won their first football All-Ireland.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, Format
The four provincial championships are played as usual. The four champions play in the "Home" championship, with the winners of the Home final going on to face London in the All-Ireland final.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, Results, Leinster Senior Football Championship
A replay was ordered due to a disputed disallowed Kilkenny point.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final
The 1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final was the sixteenth All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, Match, Summary
This was the fourth year in a row in which London were heavily beaten in the final; after this, they were no longer given a bye to the All-Ireland final.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, Post-match
The 1903 final marked the first time Kerry won an All-Ireland football title. They would go on to dominate the game for decades to come. Dublin were the dominant force in Gaelic football at this time with eight All-Ireland titles; within 40 years Kerry had surpassed this and have since left Dublin in the shade in terms of All-Ireland football titles secured.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1903 was the 17th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition. Cork won the championship, beating London 3-16 to 1-1 in the final.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Format
Semi-final: (2 matches) The four provincial representatives make up the semi-final pairings. Two teams are eliminated at this stage while the two winning teams advance to the home final.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Format
Home final: (1 match) The winners of the two semi-finals contest this game. One team is eliminated while the winning team advances to the final.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Format
Final: (1 match) The winners of the home final and London, who receive a bye to this stage of the championship, contest this game. The winners are declared All-Ireland champions.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Results, Leinster Senior Hurling Championship
Kilkenny made an objection against the Dublin goal, and were awarded the title without the need for a replay.


1903 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final
The 1903 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was the 16th All-Ireland Final and the culmination of the 1903 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland. The match was held at Jones' Road, Dublin, on 12 November 1905 between London, represented by club side Hibernians, and a Cork selection. The London champions lost to their Munster opponents on a score line of 3-16 to 1-1.


1903 All-Western college football team
The 1903 All-Western college football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Western teams chosen by various selectors for the 1903 Western Conference football season.


1903 All-Western college football team, Key
BMA = Billy Mac, a team selected by aggregating the choices made by ten critics in St. Paul, Minneapolis, Milwaukee, Chicago and Detroit


1903 All-Western college football team, Key
FL = Fred Lowenthal, former star football player at University of Illinois


1903 America's Cup
The 1903 America's Cup was the 12th challenge for the Cup. It took place in the New York City harbor and consisted of a best of five series of races between Reliance, the fourth of Nathaniel Herreshoff's defenders for the cup, entered by the New York Yacht Club; and Shamrock III, representing the Royal Ulster Yacht Club and also the third of Sir Thomas Lipton's Cup challengers. Reliance won the first three races, defending the cup. It was the last race for the America's Cup that would take place under the Seawanhaka rule.


1903 America's Cup, Reliance
Reliance was designed by Nathaniel Herreshoff, designer of all of the early 20th century America's Cup defenders. She was designed to take full advantage of the fact that the Seawanhaka rule did not take weight into account, leading to a very light and therefore, somewhat unstable yacht. At 144 feet (44 m) long and 199 feet (61 m) tall with 16,160 square feet (1,501 m2) of sail the yacht was the largest gaff-rigged cutter ever built.


1903 America's Cup, Race
Reliance won all three races, finishing far enough ahead that Shamrock III was forced to retire before finishing the third race.


1903 American Medical football team
The 1903 American Medical football team was an American football team that represented the University of Notre Dame in the 1903 college football season.


1903 Amherst football team
The 1903 Amherst football team represented Amherst College during the 1903 college football season. The team defeated Harvard.


1903 Argentine Primera División
The 1903 Argentine Primera División was the 12th season of top-flight football in Argentina. The season began on April 26 and ended on August 9.


1903 Argentine Primera División
Alumni won its fourth consecutive league championship. On 26 July 1903 the squad lost its first league game in four years. Flores A.C., which had left the Association in 1898, returned to the competition under the name "Club Atlético de Flores".


1903 Argentine Primera División
The championship was expanded to a 6 team league format in 1903, with each team playing the other twice. In February 1903 the association changed its name from "The Argentine Association Football League" to "Argentine Football Association"


1903 Argyllshire by-election
The Argyllshire by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.


1903 Argyllshire by-election, Vacancy
Donald Ninian Nicol had been Conservative MP for the seat of Argyllshire since the 1895 general election. He died on 27 July 1903 at the age of 60.


1903 Argyllshire by-election, Electoral history
The seat had been Conservative since they gained it in 1895. They easily held the seat at the last election, with an increased majority;


1903 Argyllshire by-election, Candidates
The local Conservative Association selected 63-year-old Charles Stewart as their candidate to defend the seat. He was a solicitor.


1903 Argyllshire by-election, Candidates
The local Liberal Association selected 59-year-old John Stirling Ainsworth as their candidate to gain the seat. Ainsworth contested the Barrow-in-Furness constituency at the 1886 general election and Argyllshire in 1900. He commanded the 3rd Volunteer Battalion, the Border Regiment from 1898-1902.


1903 Argyllshire by-election, Campaign
Polling Day was fixed for the 26 August 1903, just 30 days after the previous MP died.


1903 Arizona football team
The 1903 Arizona football team was an American football team that represented the University of Arizona as an independent during the 1903 college football season. In their first season under head coach Orin A. Kates, the team played only two games, both against the Tucson Indian School. The university team won both games. The team captain was Leo Rosenberg.


1903 Arizona football team
With key players from the 1902 team lost to graduation, injury, or illness, interest in football apparently waned at the university in the fall of 1903. On October 25, 1903, The Arizona Daily Star noted the failure of students to organize a football team up to that point and urged the students to "ginger up" and organize a team. A team was ultimately organized and was known as the "preps" or the "University Prep. football team".


1903 Arkansas Cardinals football team
The 1903 Arkansas Cardinals football team represented the University of Arkansas during the 1903 college football season. In their first and only season under head coach D. A. McDaniel (an alumnus of the University of Texas), the Razorbacks compiled a 3–4 record and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 63 to 50.


1903 Armidale state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Armidale on 12 December 1903 because of the resignation of Edmund Lonsdale (Liberal Reform) to successfully contest the federal seat of New England.


1903 Army Cadets football team
The 1903 Army Cadets football team represented the United States Military Academy in the 1903 college football season. In their first and only season under head coach Edward Leonard King, the Cadets compiled a 6–2–1 record, shut out five of their nine opponents (including a scoreless tie with Colgate), and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 164 to 33.


1903 Army Cadets football team
The team's two losses were to Harvard (5–0) and Yale (17–5). In an intersectional game, the Cadets defeated Chicago 10–6. In the annual Army–Navy Game, the Cadets, behind quarterback Horatio B. Hackett, defeated the Midshipmen 40–5.


1903 Army Cadets football team
Three members of the squad were honored by one or both of Walter Camp (WC) and Caspar Whitney (CW) on the All-America team. They are: guard Napoleon Riley (WC-2); halfback Edward Farnsworth (CW-2); and fullback Frederick Prince (CW-2).


1903 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1903 Atlantic hurricane season featured seven hurricanes, the most in a season since 1893. The first tropical cyclone was initially observed in the western Atlantic Ocean near Puerto Rico on July 21. The tenth and final system transitioned into an extratropical cyclone well northwest of the Azores on November 25. These dates fall within the period with the most tropical cyclone activity in the Atlantic. Six of the ten tropical cyclones existed simultaneously.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season
Of the season's ten tropical storms, seven of those strengthened into a hurricane. One of the seven hurricanes deepened further into a major hurricane, which are tropical cyclones that reach at least Category 3 on the modern day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. The second, third, and fourth systems left the most significant impacts during this season. The second storm, which struck Jamaica in August, devastated Martinique, Jamaica, and the Cayman Islands. At least 149 deaths were attributed to this storm, while it also caused $10 million (1903 USD) in damage in Jamaica alone.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season
The third cyclone made landfall in Florida twice in mid-August, leaving 14 fatalities and about $500,000 in damage. Only a few days later, the fourth cyclone struck New Jersey. The storm impacted many areas in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States and caused 57 deaths and about $8 million in damage. Additionally, the remnants of the eighth tropical cyclone caused severe flooding in the Mid-Atlantic.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season
The Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project also indicated but could not confirm the presence of four additional tropical depressions throughout the season. However, the reanalysis added a previously undetected tropical storm in late October to the Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT). Reanalysis also resulted in the eighth cyclone being downgraded from a hurricane to a tropical storm.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
Tropical cyclogenesis began with the development of the first system on July 21 in the western Atlantic near Puerto Rico. This was the only storm in the month of July. Likewise, August also featured one storm. The second system was the most intense tropical cyclone of the season, peaking as a Category 3 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 958 mbar (28.3 inHg).


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
This was also the first major hurricane in the Atlantic basin since the second storm of 1900 and the first in the Caribbean since the 1899 San Ciriaco hurricane. September was the most active month of the season, with four systems developing, three of which intensified into a hurricane. In October, there were three tropical storms, with one intensifying into a hurricane. The only November tropical cyclone, as well as the final system of the season, developed on November 17 and transitioned into an extratropical cyclone while northwest of the Azores on November 25.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The season had a total of 10 tropical storms, 7 of which intensified into a hurricane. This marked the most hurricanes in a season since the total of eight in 1893. There may have been an additional four tropical depressions throughout the season, but the data obtained by the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project was inconclusive. The reanalysis added a previously undetected tropical storm in late October to the Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT). Reanalysis also resulted in the eighth cyclone being downgraded from a Category 2 hurricane to a tropical storm. Nearly all of the season's 10 tropical cyclones impacted land. Collectively, the storms caused over $18.5 million in damage and at least 222 fatalities.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The season's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 102. ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane One
According to historical weather maps, an area of disturbed weather developed a closed circulation early on July 21 while located about 100 mi (160 km) northeast of the Samaná Peninsula of Dominican Republic, becoming the first tropical cyclone of the season. The storm moved northwestward until about 12:00 UTC on July 22, at which time it curved northward, before turning northeastward about 24 hours later. Early on July 24, it intensified into a Category 1 hurricane. The hurricane strengthened slightly further, peaking with maximum sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) six hours later.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane One
The system began weakening early on July 24, falling to tropical storm intensity around 12:00 UTC. Accelerating to the east-northeast, the storm also began to lose tropical characteristics and transitioned into an extratropical cyclone at 06:00 UTC on July 26, while situated about 430 mi (690 km) south-southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland. Shortly before, a ship recorded a barometric pressure of 999 mbar (29.5 inHg), the lowest in relation to the storm. The extratropical remnants continued east-northeastward and dissipated late on July 26.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
A tropical storm was first observed about 1,160 mi (1,870 km) east-southeast of Barbados, early on August 6. The system moved generally west-northwestward and strengthened into a hurricane about 24 hours later. Early on August 9, it struck Martinique as either a strong Category 1 or a weak Category 2 hurricane. The storm entered the Caribbean shortly thereafter. Around 12:00 UTC, the cyclone intensified into a Category 3 hurricane. Between 06:00 UTC and 12:00 UTC on August 11, it struck Jamaica near Morant Point with winds of 120 mph (195 km/h).


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
At 06:00 UTC on August 12, while brushing Grand Cayman, the hurricane peaked with maximum sustained winds of the same intensity and a minimum barometric pressure of 958 mbar (28.3 inHg), observed by the Governor Blake. The system weakened to a Category 2 around the time of landfall near Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, early on August 13, with winds of 100 mph (160 km/h). By 12:00 UTC, the storm further weakened to a Category 1. After crossing the Yucatán Peninsula and emerging into the Gulf of Mexico early on August 14, the hurricane failed to re-strengthen. Around 00:00 UTC on August 16, it made landfall north of Tampico, Tamaulipas, with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). The hurricane soon weakened to a tropical storm and dissipated over San Luis Potosí late on August 16.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
In Martinique, hundreds of homes were deroofed in Fort-de-France, while about 5,000 people were left homeless in the villages of Fond, Fourniols, La Haye, Recluce, and Tivoli, all of which were established after the eruption of Mount Pelée in 1902. The hurricane also left extensive damage to crops and eight fatalities. In Jamaica, several communities were completely or nearly destroyed, including Manchioneal, Port Antonio, and Port Maria. Thousands of homes also suffered damage in the capital city of Kingston. Banana crops were devastated so severely that many growers were forced into bankruptcy.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
Numerous ships were wrecked, particularly on the north coast of the island. There were at least 65 deaths and about $10 million in damage. At the Cayman Islands, more than 200 houses and seven of eight churches on Grand Cayman were destroyed or heavily damaged. Of the 23 ships in the harbor, only the Governor Blake survived. Most of the crews on board those ships were reported killed, but loss of life on shore was minimal. The storm also caused heavy damage on the Yucatán Peninsula. Many ships were wrecked and communications were cut off in several places. In the Tampico area, there was considerable damage to the port and many ships were sunk or driven ashore. Much of the land between Tampico and Cárdenas in San Luis Potosí was submerged due to flooding. In all, the storm is believed to have killed at least 149 people.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
Reanalysis indicates that a 60 mph (95 km/h) tropical storm originated near Mayaguana in the Bahamas around 06:00 UTC on September 9, though lack of data suggests that this system likely developed earlier. Moving northwestward, the cyclone became a Category 1 hurricane around 12:00 UTC on the following day. Late on September 10 and early on September 11, the storm passed near Nassau. The hurricane then turned to the west-northwest on September 11 and moved just north of the Bimini Islands. As it crossed the Bahamas, the system produced hurricane-force winds on some islands, with an estimated wind speed as high as 90 mph (145 km/h) in Nassau. Damage to crops and buildings occurred, but no deaths were reported over the island chain.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
Late on September 11, the storm made landfall near Fort Lauderdale, Florida, with winds of 85 mph (135 km/h). The Inchulva capsized near Delray Beach, drowning nine of her crew members. The cyclone caused severe wind damage in present-day Broward and Palm Beach counties, although most of the losses were to crops such as sugarcane. The hurricane weakened to a tropical storm while crossing Florida, but re-intensified into a hurricane over the Gulf of Mexico on September 12.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
Peaking with maximum sustained winds of 90 mph (145 km/h), the storm made landfall near Panama City around 23:00 UTC on September 13. In Northwest Florida, Alabama, and Georgia, the cyclone produced widespread rainfall, causing some crop damage. Additionally, a storm surge caused boats to be blown ashore in the Florida Panhandle. In all, the storm killed 14 people in Florida and produced $500,000 in damage. After falling to tropical storm intensity early on September 14, the storm weakened to a tropical depression on September 16, several hours before dissipating over South Carolina.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
The New Jersey Hurricane of 1903 or The Vagabond Hurricane


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
A 70 mph (115 km/h) tropical storm was first observed about 550 mi (885 km) northeast of Antigua early on September 12. The storm moved relatively quickly to the northwest. Late on September 14, it strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane. On the following day, the storm began curving to the north-northwest. Intensifying further, the cyclone became a Category 2 hurricane late on September 15, peaking with maximum sustained winds of 100 mph (160 km/h). At the time, it was situated about 110 mi (175 km) southeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
The storm weakened back to a Category 1 hurricane at 00:00 UTC on September 16. About 11 hours later, the hurricane made landfall near Avalon, New Jersey, with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). In 1992, Jerry Jarrell, later director of the National Hurricane Center, estimated a barometric pressure of 990 mbar (29 inHg) at landfall, which would be the lowest in association with the hurricane. After moving inland, the system quickly weakened to a tropical storm late on September 16. The storm transitioned into an extratropical cyclone over New York near Lake Ontario at 12:00 UTC on September 17. The extratropical remnants soon dissipated over Ontario.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
In North Carolina and Virginia, the storm brought nearly hurricane-force winds and rough surf. Some boats were beached along the coast of Virginia. Near Chincoteague, the schooner Beatrice capsized, drowning 28 people. Hundreds of birds were killed and fell to the ground near Old Point Comfort, many stripped of their feathers. The outer rainbands of the storm produced heavy rainfall near Washington, D.C., canceling a Major League Baseball game between the Detroit Tigers and the Washington Senators after the field was flooded. Along the Delaware coast, the schooner Hattie A. Marsh was smashed against the rocks, killing five people.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
The hurricane caused severe damage in New Jersey, epecially in Atlantic City. Throughout the coastal regions, strong winds downed all telephone and telegraph wires. Additionally, the winds destroyed the roofs of an estimated 50 to 60 cottages. Several streets were flooded, with severe transportation delays reported. One indirect death occurred in Cape May when a man, unable to see owing to the hurricane, drove into a train. Damage in New Jersey was approximately $8 million. In New York City, high winds swayed buildings, spires, and bridges, overturning wagons on the Brooklyn Bridge.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Four
At least a few buildings were deroofed and many homes were flooded or damaged, especially in Brooklyn. One death occurred in the city. On Long Island, President Theodore Roosevelt directly experienced the effects of the hurricane while on a yacht. The life of the president was briefly threatened due to the rough conditions, though none on board of the yacht suffered any problems from the hurricane. Overall, the storm caused 57 fatalities.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Five
Historical weather maps indicated that a tropical depression developed just south of the Turks and Caicos Islands early on September 19. The depression trekked generally northward and remained weak for the next few days. By September 22, the system intensified into a tropical storm. Turning east-northeastward on September 24, the storm peaked with maximum sustained winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 1,003 mbar (29.6 inHg), which was observed by a ship. Thereafter, it accelerated and slowly weakened, falling to tropical depression intensity early on September 26. The system dissipated by 18:00 UTC while situated about 450 mi (720 km) southeast of Sable Island.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
Historical weather maps note that a tropical storm was first observed about 415 mi (670 km) northeast of Anguilla early on September 26. Initially, the storm moved west-northwestward, but curved northwestward late the following day. At 00:00 UTC on September 28, the cyclone intensified into a Category 1 hurricane and then a Category 2 hurricane 12 hours later while curving to the northeast.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
While passing near Bermuda late on September 28, the storm attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 110 mph (175 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 988 mbar (29.2 inHg), which was observed in Hamilton. The system then began to accelerate and weaken, falling to Category 1 intensity at 00:00 UTC on September 30. Six hours later, the hurricane transitioned into an extratropical cyclone while located about 495 mi (795 km) southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland. The remnants moved continued rapidly northeastward and dissipated later that day.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
In Bermuda, the strongest observed wind speed was 74 mph (119 km/h). The winds uprooted a number of cedar trees and broke off large palmettos off palm trees. Several buildings and homes were damaged. A newly constructed extension on the Princess Hotel "collapsed like a pack of cards". In St. George's, a wall that collapsed near the Royal Engineers quarters killed a former soldier. Heavy rainfall on the island washed out many roads. A landslide occurred, shearing off a portion of the cliff at Deep Bay. The resulting earth trembling and noise created from the slide resembled an earthquake. Along the coast, rough seas wrecked a number of boats, while several stone docks and seawalls were severely damaged or destroyed. Another death occurred after an engineer on Ireland Island was swept out to sea and drowned.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Seven
A strong tropical storm was first observed about 300 mi (480 km) east of Barbuda early on October 1, according to historical weather maps and ship data. Moving northwestward, it intensified into a Category 1 hurricane about 24 hours later. The storm then curved north-northeastward late on October 2. Strengthening into a Category 2 hurricane around 12:00 UTC on October 4, the cyclone peaked with maximum sustained winds of 100 mph (160 km/h). It then briefly turned east-northeastward, before recurving east-southeastward. Late on October 5, the hurricane weakened back to the Category 1.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Seven
The storm began to decelerate and execute a cyclonic loop late on October 6. After about 24 hours, it began moving east-northeastward to northeastward. Early on October 9, the hurricane weakened to a tropical storm. Late that day, it transitioned into an extratropical cyclone while situated 680 mi (1,090 km) south-southwest of Flores Island in the Azores.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Eight
A tropical storm was first observed by ships early on October 5, while situated about 160 mi (260 km) northeast of San Salvador Island in the Bahamas. The storm nearly drifted northeastward while strengthening slowly over the next few days. Early on October 8, the cyclone curved north-northeastward. The storm attained its peak intensity with winds of 70 mph (115 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 997 mbar (29.4 inHg) on October 9 while passing west of Bermuda; both were based observations from a ship. Reanalysis also resulted in the eighth cyclone being downgraded from a Category 2 hurricane to a tropical storm Thereafter, the system began weakening and transitioned into extratropical cyclone around 12:00 UTC on October 10, while located about 255 mi (410 km) north of Bermuda.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Eight
Although the remnant system became indistinguishable by late on October 10, the remnants contributed to severe flooding along the East Coast of the United States. In North Carolina, poor weather conditions in Kitty Hawk prevented the Wright brothers from flying their glider or assembling the untested airplane. In Virginia, strong winds toppled trees and knocked out communications in cities such as Richmond and Norfolk, where a tree brought from Napoleon Bonaparte's grave in Paris, France, was uprooted. Wires were downed, completely disrupting communication. One death occurred inland when a man in Leesburg drowned while walking across a log on the Little River. Rough seas capsized nine vessels offshore Virginia, resulting in three deaths. Waves lashing the Back River Light caused the stones on its structure to move out of place.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Eight
The storm caused severe flooding states such as New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. In New Jersey, some areas experienced rainfall totals of about 14 in (360 mm) over the course of four days. In Paterson, seven bridges were destroyed and two others were severely damaged. Approximately 10.3 mi (16.6 km) of streets in the city were inundated. About 1,200 people fled their homes and took refuge at Paterson Armory. About 20% of land was inundated in both Passaic and Wallington. Damage in New Jersey reached about $7 million.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Eight
Twenty deaths occurred, with two from drowning incidents, one from a heart attack, and seventeen others from a flood-related train crash near Trenton. Along the Delaware River, nine bridges connecting New Jersey and Pennsylvania were destroyed. In Pennsylvania, houses in Easton were swept into the river and destroyed after colliding with bridges. The Lehigh River overflowed into West Easton, damaging all businesses in the city. In New York, about 10 in (250 mm) fell in New York City over a 48-hour period. A number of businesses and homes were flooded, while some areas of the city were inundated with 2 ft (0.61 m) of water. Transportation by ferry, trolley, and railroad were also disrupted. A flooded conduit damaged 70 telegraph lines. In Poughkeepsie, two deaths occurred due to a landslide.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Nine
A westward moving disturbance was first noted between Barbados and Grenada on October 19 and later Hispaniola. By early October 21, the system developed into a tropical depression near Turks and Caicos Islands. The depression initially moved north-northwestward across the eastern Bahamas, remaining weak during its passage. After reaching the open Atlantic, the cyclone intensified into a tropical storm by 12:00 UTC on October 23.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Nine
Strengthening continued, and by early on October 24, the storm peaked with maximum sustained winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 1,008 mbar (29.8 inHg), both of which were observed by ships. However, the system transitioned into an extratropical cyclone by 18:00 UTC while situated about 190 mi (310 km) southeast of Cape Lookout in North Carolina. The remnants accelerated ahead of a cold front and later struck Newfoundland, before dissipating over the Labrador Sea on October 27.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Ten
Historical weather maps indicated the final storm on the season beginning early on November 17, while located about 780 mi (1,260 km) west-northwest of Santo Antão island in Cape Verde. The storm strengthened slowly and moved northwestward for the next few days, until curving northeastward late on November 19. At 06:00 UTC on the following day, the cyclone intensified into a Category 1 hurricane. Shortly thereafter, the hurricane turned eastward and then north-northeastward by November 22.


1903 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Ten
On the following day, it peaked with maximum sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 985 mbar (29.1 inHg), which was observed by a ship. The hurricane continued moving north-northeastward for a few days, until transitioning into an extratropical cyclone while located about 480 mi (770 km) northwest of Corvo Island in the Azores late on November 25.


1903 Auburn Tigers football team
The 1903 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 1903 college football season. The team was coached by William Penn Bates in his only season as Auburn's head coach. The next year Mike Donahue took over for the first of his two coaching stints at Auburn.


1903 Australian federal election
The 1903 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 16 December 1903. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives, and 19 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Protectionist Party minority government led by Prime Minister Alfred Deakin retained the most House of Representatives seats of the three parties and retained government with the parliamentary support of the Labour Party led by Chris Watson. The Free Trade Party led by George Reid remained in opposition.


1903 Australian federal election
The election outcome saw a finely balanced House of Representatives, with the three parties each holding around a third of seats − the Protectionists on 26 (−5), the Free Traders on 24 (−4) and Labour on 22 (+7).


1903 Australian federal election
This term of parliament saw no changes in any party leadership but did see very significant and prolonged debates on contentious issues − the Protectionist minority government fell in April 1904 to Labour, while the Labour minority government fell in August 1904 to the Free Traders, while the Free Trader minority government fell in July 1905 back to the Protectionists, which continued until the 1906 election and beyond. The Free Traders remained in opposition throughout this eventful period with the exception of Labour forming the opposition for the first time during the period of the Free Trader minority government. Additionally, the Watson government was the world's first Labour Party government at a national level.


1903 Australian federal election
Despite a break in prime ministerships in 1904-05 and 1908–09, this is the first of three consecutive elections in which Deakin was the sitting prime minister.


1903 Australian federal election, Issues
The wreck of SS Petriana outside Port Phillip Bay in late November prompted the government's handling of the White Australia policy to become a campaign issue. Shipwrecked Asian sailors were denied entry to Australia and forced to stay on a crowded tugboat for several days, leading The Argus, Daily Telegraph and The Sydney Morning Herald to accuse the government of cruelty and harming Australia's international reputation. The Age and The Bulletin sided with the government. The issue was "constantly raised" at election meetings, particularly in Victoria and Tasmania.


1903 Australian federal election, Significance
The election saw the Labour party make significant gains outside New South Wales and Victoria. As a result of Labour's gains, the numbers of the three parties in Parliament were very close to equal, leading to unstable governments. Alfred Deakin would describe it as a parliament of "three elevens" (three cricket teams).


1903 Australian federal election, Significance
Although the Protectionists were able to retain their minority government with the qualified support of the Labour Party, the equal numbers would see a record three changes of government over the course of the Parliamentary term, with each of the three parties holding office at least once during the term of the Parliament.


1903 Australian federal election, Significance
The three parties that contested the 1901 election also contested the 1903 election, with only the Protectionists changing leaders to Alfred Deakin as a result of Edmund Barton's appointment as an inaugural judge of the newly constituted High Court of Australia. The Free Trade Party was again led by George Reid. The only significant difference in policy between these parties was on trade issues. The Protectionists sought to protect Australian industry and agriculture by placing tariffs on imports. The Free Traders downgraded the view they had last election of having no tariffs to campaigning on minimal tariffs. The other major party contesting the election was the Labour Party.


1903 Australian federal election, Significance
This election also saw a minor party, the Tasmanian Revenue Tariff Party gain an MHR and one Senator. Prior to the 1901 election, the Free Trade Party had been known as the Revenue Tariff Party in some states. However, in 1903 a separate Revenue Tariff Party competed against the FTP in Tasmania. Nevertheless, both of the Revenue Tariff Party members elected joined the Free Trade Party, when the new parliament began sitting.


1903 Australian federal election, Significance
Like the 1901 election, voting was voluntary and candidates were elected by the first-past-the-post system. The Commonwealth Franchise Act 1902 gave women the vote and the right to stand for federal Parliament, leading to a significant increase in the number of votes cast in the 1903 federal election. Four women stood at the 1903 election – Selina Anderson (Dalley) in the House of Representatives and Vida Goldstein (Victoria), Nellie Martel (New South Wales), and Mary Moore-Bentley (New South Wales) in the Senate. All four stood as independents and all were unsuccessful.


1903 Australian federal election, Electorates
Candidates were contesting all 75 House of Representatives and 19 of the 36 Senate seats, a number unchanged from the 1901 election. The House of Representative seats were determined by the population of each state, giving 26 seats to New South Wales, 23 to Victoria, nine to Queensland, seven to South Australia and five to both Western Australia and Tasmania. In 1901, the South Australian and Tasmanian colonial parliaments had not legislated for single member electorates, so their House of Representative members were elected from a single statewide electorate. This had since changed and there were now single member electorates in both states. The newly created seats were Adelaide, Angas, Barker, Boothby, Grey, Hindmarsh and Wakefield (South Australia) and Bass, Darwin, Denison, Franklin and Wilmot (Tasmania).


1903 Australian federal election, Electorates
Each state elected six Senators regardless of population. The Senate was elected by bloc voting rather than the current single transferable vote system. Half the Senators retired as their terms expired, and there was one casual vacancy.


1903 Baltimore mayoral election
The 1903 Baltimore mayoral election saw the election of Robert McLane.


1903 Barcelona City Council election
The 1903 Barcelona City Council election was held on Sunday, 8 November 1903, to elect half of the Barcelona City Council. 25 out of 50 seats were up for election.


1903 Barcelona City Council election
Horta was annexed to Barcelona by decree on 9 July 1903, but it didn't go into effect until 1 January 1904, when the elected members of this election took power.


1903 Barcelona City Council election, Electoral system
The number of seats of each council was determined by the population count, according to the 1877 Municipal Law. As Barcelona had more than 200,000 inhabitants, the number of seats composing the city council was 50. The municipal law also established that half of the seats had to be renewed every two years. Therefore, in these elections 25 seats had to be renewed. Additionally, any vacant seat would also be renewed. The municipality was divided in 10 multi-member constituencies, corresponding to the city districts. Seats were elected using limited partial block voting. Candidates winning a plurality in each constituency were elected. In districts electing. Voting was on the basis of universal manhood suffrage, which comprised all national males over twenty-five, having at least a two-year residency in a municipality and in full enjoyment of their civil rights.


1903 Barcelona City Council election, Electoral system
The Municipal Law allowed the King of Spain to elect directly the Mayor of Barcelona.


1903 Barnard Castle by-election
The Barnard Castle by-election, 1903 was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Barnard Castle, in County Durham, on 24 July 1903.


1903 Barnard Castle by-election, Vacancy
The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting Liberal MP, Sir Joseph Pease on 23 June 1903 at the age of 75. Pease had been MP for Barnard Castle since the 1885 general election, and before that one of the two MPs for South Durham since 1865.


1903 Barnard Castle by-election, Candidates
The Liberals selected Hubert Beaumont to succeed Pease. Beaumont had fought King's Lynn in 1895 and Buckingham in 1900. He would go on to become the MP for Eastbourne at the 1906 election. He was 39 years old at the election.


1903 Barnard Castle by-election, Candidates
William Lyonel Vane was the Unionist candidate. Vane had fought the seat as the Unionist candidate in the 1895 and 1900 elections. losing on both occasions in straight fights against Pease. He was 43 years old and was a colonel in the 6th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry.


1903 Barnard Castle by-election, Candidates
The Friendly Society of Iron Founders agreed to sponsor a Labour Representation Committee candidate. Arthur Henderson was selected, receiving 5,619 votes from their membership, defeating Robert Morley, who took only 1,411. Henderson was one of the delegates to the founding conference of the LRC in 1900, and had been elected Mayor of Darlington earlier in 1903. He had previously worked as agent for Pease, and was also 39 years old.


1903 Barnard Castle by-election, Result
A crowd of 3,000 gathered in the market place at Barnard Castle on Saturday 26 July to hear that Henderson had beaten Vane by 47 votes, with Beaumont in third place.


1903 Barnard Castle by-election, Result
He was the first Labour candidate to win against both Liberal and Conservative opposition, becoming only the fifth Labour MP, joining Keir Hardie, Richard Bell, who had been elected at the 1900 election David Shackleton who had been elected for Clitheroe in a by-election in 1902, and Will Crooks who had been elected for Woolwich in a by-election four months earlier.


1903 Barnard Castle by-election, Aftermath
Henderson would remain as MP for the division until 1918, when he instead fought, and lost, the southern division of East Ham. He would serve three times as Leader of the Labour Party, and as both Home and Foreign Secretary, as well as winning by-elections in four other constituencies.


1903 Baylor football team
The 1903 Baylor football team was an American football team that represented Baylor University as an independent during the 1903 college football season. In its first season under head coach R. N. Watts, the team compiled a 4–3–1 record and was outscored by a total of 69 to 46.


1903 Baylor football team, Season summary
In October, coach Watts also acted as referee for the Vanderbilt at Texas game.


1903 Baylor football team, Season summary, Oct. 3 vs. TCU
Opening the local football season, Baylor defeated TCU in front of a large crowd on the former's campus; a street railway strike forced many spectators to arrive by less conventional means, such as hay wagons.


1903 Baylor football team, Season summary, vs. Texas
Following the wins against Texas Christian University and Fort Worth University, Baylor was considered a strong contender for the state championship if the team could win the game against Texas. Although Texas won, the team's captain, Rembert Watson was injured and missed Texas's next game against Arkansas.


1903 Baylor football team, Season summary, Nov. 7 vs. Texas A&M
The game "was the hardest fought game ever played at Waco," and while A&M held the advantage, they could not score before time ended each half.


1903 Birthday Honours
The 1903 Birthday Honours were announced on 9 November 1903, to celebrate the birthday of King Edward VII that day. The list included appointments to various orders and honours of the United Kingdom and the British Empire.


1903 Birthday Honours
The list was published in The Times 9 November 1903, and the various honours were gazetted in The London Gazette on 6 November 1903 and 17 November 1903.


1903 Birthday Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour and where appropriate by rank (Knight Grand Cross, Knight Commander, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil).


1903 Boston Americans season
The 1903 Boston Americans season was the third season for the professional baseball franchise that later became known as the Boston Red Sox. The Americans finished first in the American League (AL) with a record of 91 wins and 47 losses, 14+1⁄2 games ahead of the Philadelphia Athletics. Boston went on to participate in the first World Series held between the AL and National League (NL) champions. The Americans won the 1903 World Series in eight games over the Pittsburgh Pirates. The team was managed by Jimmy Collins and played its home games at Huntington Avenue Grounds.


1903 Boston Americans season, Regular season
Prior to the regular season, the team held spring training in Macon, Georgia. Cy Young was a coach for the Mercer University baseball team, also based in Macon.


1903 Boston Americans season, Regular season
The team's longest losing streak was three games, which occurred twice; April 20–23 and September 22–23. The team's longest game was 12 innings, which occurred three times.


1903 Boston Americans season, Regular season, Statistical leaders
The offense was led by Buck Freeman, who hit 13 home runs and had 104 RBIs, and Patsy Dougherty with a .331 batting average. It was Freeman's third consecutive season with at least 100 RBIs. The pitching staff was led by Cy Young, who made 40 appearances (35 starts) and pitched 34 complete games with a 28–9 record and 2.08 ERA, while striking out 176 in 341+2⁄3 innings. The team had two other 20-game winners; Bill Dinneen (21–13) and Tom Hughes (20–7).


1903 Boston Americans season, Regular season, Season standings
The team had three games end in a tie; July 31 at Washington, August 29 at Washington, and September 25 vs. Detroit. Tie games are not counted in league standings, but player statistics during tie games are counted.


1903 Boston Americans season, Player stats, Batting
Note: Pos = position; G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1903 Boston Americans season, Player stats, Pitching
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Boston Americans season, World Series
Boston had an 11-game winning streak from May 28 through June 8, to put themselves in the AL lead. While they briefly fell into second place in mid-June, behind Philadelphia, Boston then won 9-of-10 to recapture the lead, which they held through the end of the season. The Americans met the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first modern World Series, an agreement between the AL and the NL as a post-season tournament. The "Amerks" won the best-of-nine series in eight games; after falling behind, 3–1, they won four games in a row, clinching the championship at their home field, the Huntington Avenue Grounds, in Boston.


1903 Boston Americans season, World Series
The first championship of what is now 9 for the long-running club, the series would immortalized in the 2004 remake of the team's fight song Tessie by The Dropkick Murphys, honoring the victory over the Pirates in Game 5, helped in part by that song which was adopted as an anthem by the a group of team supporters, the Royal Rooters, under saloon owner Michael T. McGreevy.


1903 Boston Beaneaters season
The 1903 Boston Beaneaters season was the 33rd season of the franchise. The team finished sixth in the National League with a record of 58–80, 32 games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates.


1903 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Boston Beaneaters season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Boston mayoral election
The Boston mayoral election of 1903 occurred on Tuesday, December 15, 1903. Democratic candidate and incumbent Mayor of Boston Patrick Collins defeated Republican candidate George N. Swallow, and two other contenders, to win a second term.


1903 Boston mayoral election
Under legislation adopted in June 1903, this was the first Boston municipal election with "caucuses, henceforth to be called primaries", which were held on Thursday, November 19, 1903.


1903 British Columbia general election
The 1903 British Columbia general election was the tenth general election for the Province of British Columbia, Canada. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on September 5, 1903, and held on October 3, 1903. The new legislature met for the first time on November 26, 1903.


1903 British Columbia general election
This was the first election in British Columbia that was fought by political parties. Prior to this election, British Columbia politics were non-partisan.


1903 British Columbia general election
The first election was dominated by the Conservative and Liberal parties, which were affiliated with existing parties at the federal level. See Conservative Party of Canada and Liberal Party of Canada.


1903 British Columbia general election
The Conservative Party won over 46.4% of the popular vote and a slim majority of the seats in the legislature.


1903 British Columbia general election, Results by party
* Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.


1903 British Columbia general election, Results by party
1 The Conservative Party and the Liberal Party each elected one candidate by acclamation.


1903 British Columbia general election, Results by party
2 There was no provincial "Labour Party" as such. Each of the three Electoral Districts with a Labour candidate (Nanaimo, Slocan, and Vancouver City) had a local, autonomous Labour Party. As well, some Liberal candidates appear to have run on a "Liberal-Labour" platform (Atlin, Victoria and Ymir).


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa
The 1903 British Isles tour to South Africa was the fifth tour by a British Isles team and the third to South Africa. It is retrospectively classed as one of the British Lions tours, as the Lions naming convention was not adopted until 1950.


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa
Led by Scotland's Mark Morrison and managed by Johnny Hammond the tour took in 22 matches. Of the games three were test matches, played against the South Africa national rugby union team. The British Isles drew the first two test matches and lost the final encounter.


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa
Having lost only one game out of 40 matches in the previous two tours of South Africa, the British Isles team were truly tested by the South African rugby nation on this tour. Of the 22 games played, the tourist won eleven, drew three and lost eight. Unlike past teams, the British Isles three-quarter line was not seen as the team's strongest asset and more reliance was placed in the pack. Of the backs, only Reg Skrimshire, the only Welsh player selected, was judged to have shown any true flair; while the pack failed to live up to expectations, even when led by Scottish power-house David Bedell-Sivright.


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa
The tour included Louis Leisler Greig, who later became well known as a royal equerry, friend of George VI and became a prominent member of the far right January Club.


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches
After playing the first two Tests in white shirts, South Africa wore a green jersey (supplied by Old Diocesan's Club) for the first time in their final Test at Newlands.


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, First Test
South Africa: CH Jones, DJA Morkel, WA van Renen, JD Krige, J Barry, JM Powell, FJ Dobbin, Alex Frew capt., WMC McEwan, JH Sinclair, JWE Raaff, PARO Nel, BH Heatlie, Joseph Partridge, CB BrownBritish Isles: EM Harrison, IG Davidson, RT Skrimshire, LL Greig, GF Collett, JI Gillespie, PS Hancock, FM Stout, Jos. Wallace, TA Gibson, RS Smyth, A Tedford, MC Morrison capt., WP Scott, WTC Cave


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Second Test
South Africa: CH Jones, EAH Gibbs, S Ashley, SC de Melker, J Barry, JM Powell capt., FJ Dobbin, C Currie, HD Metcalf, JS Jackson, JWE Raaff, PARO Nel, GFT Crampton, WC Martheze, CB Brown


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Second Test
British Isles: RM Neill, EF Walker, RT Skrimshire, LL Greig, GF Collett, JI Gillespie, PS Hancock, FM Stout, Jos. Wallace, TA Gibson, RS Smyth, A Tedford, MC Morrison capt., WP Scott, WTC Cave


1903 British Lions tour to South Africa, The matches, Third Test
South Africa: WA van Renen, JA Loubser, HW Carolin, JD Krige, J Barry, HH Ferris, TEC Hobson, A Reid, MWC McEwan, P Roos, JW Anderson, PARO Nel, JA Botha, BH Heatlie capt., CB BrownBritish Isles: RM Neill, EF Walker, RT Skrimshire, LL Greig, GF Collett, JI Gillespie, PS Hancock, FM Stout, Jos. Wallace, TA Gibson, RS Smyth, A Tedford, MC Morrison capt., WP Scott, WTC Cave


1903 Brooklyn Superbas season
The 1903 Brooklyn Superbas season was a season in Major League Baseball. The Superbas began their slide from contention in the National League by finishing in fifth place.


1903 Brooklyn Superbas season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = runs; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1903 Brooklyn Superbas season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = runs; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; SB = Stolen bases


1903 Brooklyn Superbas season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Bases on balls; SO = Strikeouts; CG = Complete games


1903 Brooklyn Superbas season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Bases on balls; SO = Strikeouts; CG = Complete games


1903 Brooklyn Superbas season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; BB = Bases on balls; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Brown Bears football team
The 1903 Brown Bears football team represented Brown University during the 1903 college football season. The team was led by first-year head coach Dave Fultz.


1903 Buchtel football team
The 1903 Buchtel football team represented Buchtel College in the 1903 college football season. The team was led by first-year head coach Alfred W. Place, in his only season. Buchtel was outscored by their opponents by a total of 0–43.


1903 Bulgarian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria on 19 October 1903. The result was a victory for the People's Party, which won 134 of the 169 seats. Voter turnout was 41.2%.


1903 CAHL season
The 1903 Canadian Amateur Hockey League (CAHL) season was the fifth season of the league. Teams played an eight game schedule. Ottawa and Montreal Victorias tied for the league championship with records of six wins and two losses. Ottawa defeated the Victorias in a two-game playoff to win the season and their first Stanley Cup championship, the first of "Silver Seven" era.


1903 CAHL season, League business, Executive
It was decided that league champions would not play for the Stanley Cup until after the season. If a challenge was ordered by the Cup trustees, Montreal would default the Cup. A challenge was ordered by the trustees and Montreal eventually agreed to play Winnipeg in January during regular season play.


1903 CAHL season, League business, Executive
This season saw the loss of several players to hockey leagues in the U.S., including Charlie Liffiton, Hod Stuart, Bruce Stuart, Eddie Hogan and George McCarron.


1903 CAHL season, Season, Highlights
This season saw several impressive rookies including Frank McGee and Art Moore for Ottawa.


1903 CAHL season, Season, Highlights
The season would be a two team race between Montreal Victorias and Ottawa, splitting their matches between each other. The season ended in a tie, which necessitated a playoff, won by Ottawa to win their first Stanley Cup. At the other end of the standing, Shamrocks did not win any games.


1903 CAHL season, Playoffs
Ottawa HC and Montreal Victorias played a two-game total-goals series.


1903 CAHL season, Stanley Cup challenges, Winnipeg vs. Montreal
Another Montreal HC vs. Winnipeg Victorias best-of-three challenge series was held in early 1903. In game one, defending champion Montreal defeated Winnipeg, 8–1. game two was the first Stanley Cup challenge match to be replayed. Both teams skated to a 2–2 tie before the game had to be suspended at 27:00 of overtime because of a midnight curfew. It was then decided to discard the result and replay the game two days later. In the rescheduled contest, the Victorias won, 4–2, to even the series. However, Montreal won the decisive game three, 4–1, to retain the Cup.


1903 CAHL season, Stanley Cup challenges, Rat Portage vs. Ottawa HC
Ottawa defeated the Rat Portage Thistles 6–2, 4–2 (10–4) in a two-game, total goals series in Ottawa, March 12–14, 1903.


1903 CAHL season, Stanley Cup challenges, Rat Portage vs. Ottawa HC
As the new CAHL and Cup champions, the Ottawas accepted a challenge from the Rat Portage Thistles of the Manitoba & Northwestern Hockey Association (MNWHA). Entering the best-of-three challenge series, the Thistles were younger and quicker than Ottawa; only one player on the Thistles was over the age of 20. Any chance that those factors could have helped the team was negated by soft ice conditions. Ottawa swept the series with scores of 6–2 and 4–2.


1903 CAHL season, Stanley Cup challenges, Rat Portage vs. Ottawa HC
For their win, the Ottawa players would each receive a silver nugget. From that point on the team would also be known as the Silver Seven.


1903 CAHL season, Player statistics, Goaltending averages
Note: GP = Games played, GA = Goals against, SO = Shutouts, GAA = Goals against average


1903 Calgary municipal election
The 1903 Calgary municipal election took place on December 14, 1903 to elect a Mayor and nine Aldermen to sit on the twentieth Calgary City Council from January 5, 1904 to January 2, 1905.


1903 Calgary municipal election, Background
The election was held under multiple non-transferable vote where each elector was able to cast a ballot for the mayor and up to three ballots for separate councillors with a voter's designated ward.


1903 Calgary municipal election, Background, 1904 Calgary Land Sales
In March 1903, the City of Calgary Council hastily authorized the sale of 500 lots and sold quickly with little advertisement. Many of the high quality properties were purchased by a handful of businessmen, some represented by Alderman J. A. McKenzie. Residents demanded an investigation and on March 26, 1904 Council passed a resolution for Chief Justice Sifton to hold an investigation. Sifton found council had acted with "gross carelessness".


1903 Calgary municipal election, Background, 1904 Calgary Land Sales
Aldermen McKenzie and Macdonald in Ward 1 were found to have invalidated their office by entering into contracts with the city for land, while Aldermen Irwin and Hornby were able to retain their office as they never actually paid for their lots. A by-election was held on April 23, 1904 to replace the two disqualified aldermen.


1903 California Golden Bears football team
The 1903 California Golden Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of California, Berkeley during the 1903 college football season. The team competed as an independent under head coach James Whipple and compiled a record of 6–1–2.


1903 Camborne by-election
The Camborne by-election, 1903 was a by-election held on 8 April 1903 for the British House of Commons constituency of Camborne in Cornwall.


1903 Camborne by-election
The by-election was triggered by the death of the serving Liberal Party Member of Parliament (MP), William Sproston Caine. The Liberal victor, Wilfrid Lawson had previously been MP for Cockermouth and Carlisle and at 74 was the second oldest victor at a by-election.


1903 Camborne by-election
The Liberal Association invited Lawson to stand for the by-election. They made the offer under peculiarly acceptable conditions, for should he secure the seat, he would be at liberty, when the next election occurred, to return, should he wish, to his old constituency at Cockermouth. Almost immediately after the Cornish electorate returned Lawson with a huge majority, the Cockermouth Liberal Associated selected him to stand as their candidate at the next election. In parliament he continued to prosecute his anti-imperialist, Free Trade and temperance views while at home he began to campaign for the oncoming election. In January 1906 he returned with to Carlisle a majority of almost 600.


1903 Camborne by-election
The Liberal Unionist candidate, Arthur Strauss, had been the Conservative MP for Camborne from 1895 to 1900, having previously stood in 1892 United Kingdom general election. He would later join the Labour Party.


1903 Campeonato Paulista
The 1903 Campeonato Paulista, organized by the LPF (Liga Paulista de Football), was the 2nd season of São Paulo's top association football league. São Paulo Athletic won the title for the 2nd time. no teams were relegated and the top scorers were Paulistano's Álvaro Rocha and São Paulo Athletic's Herbert Boyes with 4 goals.


1903 Campeonato Paulista, System
The championship was disputed in a double-round robin system, with the team with the most points winning the title.


1903 Cape Colony parliamentary election
Elections for the Legislative Council were held in Cape Colony in 1903. Following Act 4 in 1904, a further three seats were added to the Council, for which elections were held in the same year.


1903 Cape Colony parliamentary election
Thirty-two candidates contested the 26 seats, although the three seats in the North Eastern Province, as well as the single seats for Griqualand West and British Bechauanaland were uncontested as only one candidate ran for east seat. A total of 135,177 voters were registered for the election.


1903 Carlisle Indians football team
The 1903 Carlisle Indians football team represented the Carlisle Indians football team of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School during the 1903 college football season. The Indians were coached by Pop Warner in his fifth year as head coach. The team compiled a record of 11–2–1 and outscored opponents 274 to 62.


1903 Carlisle Indians football team
In 1903, an Indian team coached by Warner first employed its infamous "hidden-ball play" against heavily favored Harvard. Warner, as coach at Cornell, had already used it against Penn State in 1897, but it had not achieved much notice. Carlisle led Harvard at halftime, and hoping to keep the game's momentum, Warner elected to try the play on the ensuing kickoff. Harvard executed the kick, and the Indians formed a circle around the returner. With the aid of a specially altered jersey, the ball was placed up the back of the returner.


1903 Carlisle Indians football team
The Indians broke the huddle and spread out in different directions. Each player feigned carrying the ball, except Dillon, the man with the ball up the back of his jersey. The ruse confused the Crimson players, and they scrambled to find the ball carrier. Dillon, with both his hands free, was ignored by the searching Harvard players, and he ran untouched into the end zone. With the score, Carlisle extended its lead to 11–0, but Harvard came back and eventually won 12–11. Nevertheless, the close match, and trick play, resulted in national attention. Warner had learned the trick from John Heisman while facing Auburn in 1895 during his tenure as coach of the Georgia Bulldogs.


1903 Carlisle Indians football team
Quarterback and captain Jimmy Johnson was selected All-American by Walter Camp. "Camp based his selection on a remarkable game he witnessed when Carlisle played Harvard. Johnson was small but fiery, and was a leader."


1903 Case football team
The 1903 Case football team represented the Case School of Applied Science, now a part of Case Western Reserve University, during the 1903 college football season. The team's head coach was Joseph Wentworth. Case won its second consecutive Ohio Athletic Conference title.


1903 Central Michigan Normalites football team
The 1903 Central Michigan Normalites football team represented Central Michigan Normal School, later renamed Central Michigan University, as an independent during the 1903 college football season. Their head coach was Charles Tambling. This was part of a ten–game win streak that started in 1902 and ended in 1905.


1903 Challenge Cup
The 1903 Challenge Cup was the 7th staging of rugby league's oldest knockout competition, the Challenge Cup. It featured clubs from the 1902-03 Northern Rugby Football Union season.


1903 Challenge Cup, Final
The final was contested by Halifax and Salford at Headingley Stadium in Leeds. on Saturday 25 April 1903,  in front of a crowd of 32,507. Halifax were victorious, beating Salford 7–0.


1903 Chicago Cubs season
The 1903 Chicago Cubs season was the 32nd season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 28th in the National League and the 11th at West Side Park. The Cubs finished third in the National League with a record of 82–56.


1903 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Chicago Cubs season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Chicago Maroons football team
The 1903 Chicago Maroons football team was an American football team that represented the University of Chicago during the 1903 college football season. In their 12th season under head coach Amos Alonzo Stagg, the Maroons compiled a 12–2–1 record, finished in fourth place in the Western Conference with a 4–1–1 record against conference opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 413 to 61.


1903 Chicago Physicians and Surgeons football team
The 1903 Chicago Physicians and Surgeons football team was an American football team that represented the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago  in the 1903 college football season.


1903 Chicago White Stockings season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Chicago White Stockings season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Chicago White Stockings season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Chicago White Stockings season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Chicago mayoral election
In the Chicago mayoral election of 1903, Democrat Carter Harrison Jr. was reelected to a fourth term, defeating Republican candidate Graeme Stewart.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Background
1903 was shaping up to be a challenging reelection for incumbent Democrat Carter Harrison Jr.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Background
By 1903, the municipal reform movement in Chicago, which had been on the rise since the 1890s, had become a strong force in Chicago politics.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Background
By 1903, an anti-Harrison coalition had begun to arise in Chicago, consisting of members of union ( including in the Chicago Federation of Labor), former Harrison ally Robert "Bobby" Burke's followers, and remnants of what had been the once-strong Altgeld wing of the Democratic party.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Background
In 1903, the traction issue was a popular concern, particularly the issue of municipal ownership of streetcars.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Democratic
Incumbent mayor Carter Harrison Jr. was renominated by the Democratic Party. Few others seemed interested in seeking the nomination.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Democratic
While there had been factional disputes within the party, most of the Democratic Party united behind Harrison as a nominee. A key exception to this was Harrison's once-ally Robert "Bobby" Burke, who remained opposed to Harrison.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Democratic
Harrison easily won the primaries to select delegates for the city's nominating convention, with his supporters being heavily selected as delegates. A pro-Harrison delegate nominee even beat former Cook County Democratic Party Chairman Thomas Gahan, who had been seeking to run as a delegate aligned with then-Harrison rival Robert "Bobby" Burke.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Democratic
Without an opponent, Harrison was renominated at the convention by acclamation. The convention, however, was noted as having been a rather unenthusiastic affair, appearing to signal more tepid or reluctant support of Harrison by his party.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Republican
Businessman Greame Stewart won the Republican nomination. He had previously served as a member of the Executive Committee of the 1900 Republican National Convention. From 1882 through 1890 he was a member of the Chicago Board of Education, serving as the board's president from 1889 through 1890.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Republican
With an exceptional reputation for honesty and public service, Stewart had long been considered a potential candidate for mayor of Chicago.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, Republican
In February, Stewart won the a 2-1 margin of victory in the Republican primaries over his most significant opponent, John Maynard Harlan.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, United Labor
The United Labor Party first nominated Clarence Darrow, who declined. The party subsequently nominated Daniel L. Cruise.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, United Labor
Beginning at the start of 1903, there was a strong push among members of the Chicago Federation of Labor and others to draft Darrow as an independent candidate for mayor. After an active and organized effort to draft him, which even included a nominating convention-style pro-Darrow mass meeting held at the Auditorium Theatre on February 16, and active consideration of a prospective run on his part, it appeared in late February that Darrow might be preparing to enter the race. However, on February 24, he made the surprise announcement that he would not be running.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, Nominations, United Labor
The United Labor Party, which had been formed in hopes of nominating Darrow, and had offered him their nomination, moved on after Darrow declined and nominated Daniel L. Cruise.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election
The major party candidates not both only resided in the city's twenty-first ward, but each also resided in the exact same voting precinct.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election
The traction issue became the primary issue of the election. Both candidates supported ultimately supported ultimately having municipal ownership for the streetcar services. Stewart advocated making immediate improvements to its conditions by accepting the best terms the streetcar companies were willing to offer. Harrison advocated holding off on an agreement until the city received the terms it desired.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election
Harrison worked to paint Stewart as a puppet of corporations and special interests, particularly the streetcar companies.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election
Republicans worked to paint Harrison as an enabler of corruption. They also worked to paint him as having made few substantive accomplishments in his tenure as mayor, and utilized the slogan "six years, nothing doing" against Harrison.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election
Stewart's own platform promised reform. In an attempt to make it appear that he was not a product of the political machine, Stewart attempted to convince the electorate that businessmen and not politicians had been the one's who had urged him to run.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election
Late into the race, Clarence Darrow came forward as a campaign surrogate in support of Harrison, swaying a lot of labor voters in Harrison's favor.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election, Results
While they lost the mayoralty, in the coinciding elections, Republicans were able to win the races for City Attorney and City Clerk (having won the latter race by a mere several hundred vote margin).


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election, Results
In the coinciding Chicago City Council election, Republicans won a weakened majority. The City Council went from having 39 Republicans, 30 Democrats, and one independent before the 1903 election, to having 35 Republicans, 33 Democrats, and one independent afterwards.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election, Results
Democrat Ernest Hummel also won the coinciding election for City Treasurer.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election, Results
Stewart had overwhelmingly won the vote in first precinct of the twenty-first ward, where both he and Harrison resided. Harrison had won this precinct in the previous election.


1903 Chicago mayoral election, General election, Results
Harrison received 64.38% of the Polish-American vote, while Stewart received 31.51%.


1903 Chilocco Indian Agricultural School football team
The 1903 Chilocco Indian School football team was an American football team that represented the Chilocco Indian School in the north-central Oklahoma Territory during the 1903 college football season. Records have been found of nine games played by Chilocco in the fall of 1903.


1903 Chilocco Indian Agricultural School football team
Chilocco was one of three Indian schools in the early 1900s to field football teams that competed in college football. The other two were Carlisle in Pennsylvania and Haskell in Kansas.


1903 Chilocco Indian Agricultural School football team
William Henry Dietz played football for Chilocco in the early 1900s before transferring to Friends University in the fall of 1904. Dietz was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.


1903 Chilocco Indian Agricultural School football team
In December 1903, the Arkansas City Daily Traveler published the Chilocco football yell as follows:


1903 Chilocco Indian Agricultural School football team
Chiloc Chiloc!Hicoty-hocHunkety-chokSmall pox, chicken poxChiloc, Chiloc!Add on an Indian warwhoop and you have the Chilocoo football yell."


1903 Chorley by-election
The 1903 Chorley by-election was held on 4 November 1903 when the incumbent Conservative MP, David Lindsay, was made Lord Commissioner of the Treasury. It was retained by Lindsay.


1903 Cincinnati Reds season
The 1903 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball. The team finished fourth in the National League with a record of 74–65, 16½ games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates.


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
After a successful 1902 season in which the Reds finished the season at .500 after finishing in last place in 1901, Cincinnati was looking to continue their improvement.


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
Joe Kelley, who took over as player-manager with sixty games remaining during the previous season, began his first full season with the team. During the off-season, forty-year-old outfielder Dummy Hoy retired. Hoy had played with the Reds from 1894–1897, before returning to the team for his final season in 1902. Twenty-five-year-old Mike Donlin took over for Hoy. Donlin had appeared in only 34 games with the Reds in 1902, but as a regular with the Baltimore Orioles of the American League in 1901, he hit .340 with five homers and 67 RBI.


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
In his first full season with the team, Donlin hit a team high .351 with seven home runs and 67 RBI, while scoring 110 runs. Cy Seymour, also in his first full season with the Reds, hit .342 with seven homers and 72 RBI. Jake Beckley had another solid year, with a .327 batting average, two home runs and 81 RBI. Harry Steinfeldt hit .312 with six home runs and a club high 83 RBI, while player-manager Kelley batted .316 with three homers and 45 RBI.


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season
On the mound, Noodles Hahn led the way, going 22–12 with a 2.52 ERA in 34 starts, completing all of them. Jack Sutthoff was a surprise, going 16–9 with a 2.80 ERA in 30 games after spending the 1902 season in the minors with the Indianapolis Indians of the American Association.


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Regular season, Season summary
Cincinnati got off to a very slow start, losing eight of their first nine games to quickly fall into the National League cellar, 5.5 games out of first. The Reds rebounded by winning six of their next seven, then they hovered around the .500 in fourth place for pretty much the entire season after that. With their record at 44–43, the team managed to go 30–22 over their last fifty-two games to finish the season in fourth place at 74–65, which was their best record since going 83–67 in 1899, 16.5 games behind the pennant-winning Pittsburgh Pirates.


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Cincinnati Reds season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1903 Cincinnati football team
The 1903 Cincinnati football team was an American football team that represented the University of Cincinnati as an independent during the 1903 college football season. In their second and final season under head coach Anthony Chez, the Bearcats compiled a 1–8 record. Harry Box was the team captain. The team played its home games at Carson Field in Cincinnati.


1903 Clemson Tigers baseball team
The 1903 Clemson Tigers baseball team represented Clemson University in the 1903 college baseball season.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team
The 1903 Clemson Tigers football team represented the Clemson Tigers of Clemson Agricultural College during the 1903 college football season. The team was a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) and played all its games on the road, compiling a 4–1–1 record and 2–0–1 in the SIAA.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team
Most notably, the team competed in an early conference championship game, tying Cumberland 11–11 in the contest. This is John Heisman's last season coaching Clemson. The Tigers thrashed Georgia Tech 73–0, leading to Heisman's later job-offer at Tech.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Before the season
For the 1903 season, point values were different from those used in contemporary games. In 1903 a touchdown was worth five points, a field goal was worth five points and a conversion (PAT) was worth one point.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Before the season
The team's captain was Hope Sadler. This was the last season with both Sadler and Carl Sitton at ends. One writer recalls, "Sitton and Hope Sadler were the finest ends that Clemson ever had perhaps."


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 1: at Georgia
The season opened with a defeat of the Georgia Bulldogs 29–0. Clemson fumbled on a number of plays.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 1: at Georgia
The starting lineup was Sitton (left end), Forsythe (left tackle), McKeown (left guard), Garrison (center), Derrick (right guard), Cogburn (right tackle), Sadler (right end), Maxwell (quarterback), Furtick (left halfback), Wood (right halfback), Hanvey (fullback).


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 2: at Georgia Tech
The Bulldogs offered Clemson a bushel of apples for every point over 29 it scored against rival Georgia Tech. Clemson would win 73 to 0 on a mud-soaked field, leading to Heisman's later job at Tech. Sitton had to sit out the game.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 2: at Georgia Tech
Clemson as a team rushed for 615 yards, and fullback Jock Hanvey rushed for 104 yards in the first half. The first score came on a 20-yard run by Hanvey.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 2: at Georgia Tech
The starting lineup was Ellison (left end), Cogburn (left tackle), Derrick (left guard), Garrison (center), Forsythe (right guard), McKeown (right tackle), Sadler (right end), Maxwell (quarterback), Furtick (left halfback), Wood (right halfback), Hanvey (fullback).


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 3: North Carolina A&M
In the third week of play, North Carolina A&M was beaten by Clemson 24 to 0. While A&M gained much using conventional football, Clemson had to use many trick plays. Oliver Gardner played for A&M. Heisman got married soon after the game.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 4: at North Carolina
The North Carolina Tar Heels handed Clemson its only loss of the season, 11–6. Carolina's Newton scored first, with a bloody nose. He also scored the second touchdown. Clemson had one touchdown by Johnny Maxwell called back due to an offside penalty.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 4: at North Carolina
The starting lineup was Sitton (left end), Cogburn (left tackle), Derrick (left guard), Garrison (center), Forsythe (right guard), McKeown (right tackle), Sadler (right end), Maxwell (quarterback), Wood (left halfback), Furtick (right halfback), Hanvey (fullback).


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 5: at Davidson
Clemson won easily over Davidson 24–0. One writer noted "Clemson playing against eleven wooden men, would attract attention." Carl Sitton had a 60-yard touchdown run.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Season summary, Week 5: at Davidson
The starting lineup was Sitton (left end), Cogburn (left tackle), Derrick (left guard), Garrison (center), Forsythe (right guard), McKeown (right tackle), Sadler (right end), Maxwell (quarterback), Wood (left halfback), Furtick (right halfback), Hanvey (fullback).


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Postseason, "SIAA championship game"
Clemson tied Cumberland 11–11  in a game billed as the "SIAA Championship Game." Cumberland rushed out to an early 11–0 lead. Wiley Lee Umphlett in Creating the Big Game: John W. Heisman and the Invention of American Football writes, "During the first half, Clemson was never really in the game due mainly to formidable line play of the Bridges brothers–giants in their day at 6 feet 4 inches–and a big center named "Red" Smith, was all over the field backing up the Cumberland line on defense. Clemson had been outweighed before, but certainly not like this."


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Postseason, "SIAA championship game"
A contemporary account reads "The Clemson players seemed mere dwarfs as they lined up for the kickoff. To the crowd on the sidelines it didn't seem that Heisman's charges could possibly do more than give a gallant account of themselves in a losing battle." A touchdown was scored by fullback E. L. Minton (touchdowns were worth 5 points). Guard M. O. Bridges kicked the extra point. Halfback J. A. Head made another touchdown, but Bridges missed the try. After halftime, Clemson quarterback John Maxwell raced 100 yards for a touchdown. Clemson missed the try.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Postseason, "SIAA championship game"
Cumberland fumbled a punt and Clemson recovered. Cumberland expected a trick play when Fritz Furtick simply ran up the middle and scored. One account of the play reads "Heisman saw his chance to exploit a weakness in the Cumberland defense: run the ball where the ubiquitous Red Smith wasn't.


1903 Clemson Tigers football team, Postseason, "SIAA championship game"
So the next time Sitton started out on one of his slashing end runs, at the last second he tossed he ball back to the fullback who charges straight over center (where Smith would have been except that he was zeroing in on the elusive Sitton) and went all the way for he tying touchdown." Jock Hanvey kicked the extra point and the game ended in an 11–11 tie.