1873 Taunton by-election
The Taunton by-election of 1873 was fought on 13 October 1873. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, Henry James, becoming Solicitor General for England and Wales. It was retained by Henry James who defeated Alfred Slade.


1873 Tyrone by-election
The Tyrone by-election of 1873 was fought on 7 April 1873. The byelection was fought due to the death of the incumbent MP of the Conservative Party, Henry Thomas Lowry-Corry. It was won by the Conservative candidate Henry William Lowry-Corry.


1873 United States Senate election in New York
The 1873 United States Senate election in New York was held on January 21, 1873, by the New York State Legislature to elect a U.S. Senator (Class 3) to represent the State of New York in the United States Senate.


1873 United States Senate election in New York, Background
Republican Roscoe Conkling had been elected in January 1867 to this seat, and his term would expire on March 3, 1873.


1873 United States Senate election in New York, Background
At the State election in November 1871, 21 Republicans and 11 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1872-1873) in the State Senate. In 1872, a faction of the Republican Party opposed the re-election of President Ulysses S. Grant and the Radical Republicans who supported him, and under the name Liberal Republican Party nominated a joint ticket with the Democratic Party. At the State election in November 1872, 91 Republicans, 35 Democrats and 2 Independents were elected for the session of 1873 to the Assembly. The 96th New York State Legislature met from January 7 to May 30, 1873, at Albany, New York.


1873 United States Senate election in New York, Candidates, Republican caucus
The caucus of Republican State legislators met on January 8, State Senator William B. Woodin, of Auburn (25th D.), presided. 18 state senators and 88 assemblymen were present. They re-nominated the incumbent U.S. Senator Conkling unanimously.


1873 United States Senate election in New York, Candidates, Democratic caucus
The caucus of the Democratic State legislators nominated Ex-First Judge of Dutchess County Charles Wheaton.


1873 United States Senate election in New York, Result
Roscoe Conkling was the choice of both the Assembly and the State Senate, and was declared elected.


1873 United States Senate election in New York, Aftermath
Conkling was re-elected in 1879, and remained in office until May 17, 1881, when he resigned in protest against the distribution of federal patronage in New York by President James A. Garfield without being consulted. The crisis between the Stalwart and the Half-Breed factions of the Republican party arose when the leader of the New Yorker Half-Breeds William H. Robertson was appointed Collector of the Port of New York, a position Conkling wanted to give to one of his Stalwart friends.


1873 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
The 1873 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania was held on January 21, 1873. Simon Cameron was re-elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.


1873 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, Results
The Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, convened on January 21, 1873, to elect a Senator to fill the term beginning on March 4, 1873. Incumbent Republican Simon Cameron, who was elected in 1867, was a successful candidate for re-election to another term. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:


1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts
The 1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts was held in March 1873 to fill the vacancy left by Senator Henry Wilson, who resigned to become Vice President of the United States. George S. Boutwell won the election.


1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts
At the time, Massachusetts elected United States senators by a majority vote of each separate house of the Massachusetts General Court, the House and the Senate. However, the Senate deadlocked in this race; it was moved that both houses would vote as one, and Boutwell won the combined vote.


1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts, Background
At the time, the Massachusetts legislature was dominated the Republican Party. Republicans held all but one of the State Senate seats and 211 of 240 state House seats.


1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts, Background
Incumbent Senator Henry Wilson resigned from office upon his election as Vice President of the United States, creating a vacancy for the term ending in 1877.


1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts, Election, March 11
Both houses of the General Court began balloting on March 11. Boutwell achieved a majority of the House on the second ballot, but the Senate deadlocked.


1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts, Election, March 11
Senate President George Loring, who was a candidate for the seat, did not vote. One member was absent.


1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts, Election, March 12
Following Boutwell's victory in the House, it was widely expected the Senate would ratify their choice the next day. Dawes supporters convened a caucus and decided to continue their support. On the next day, it was moved that both Houses would vote as one to ratify the choice.


1873 VMI Keydets football team
The 1873 VMI Keydets football team represented the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in the 1873 college football season, the school's first season of football. Their four-game season featured a 2–4 loss to Washington & Lee. The team had no known coach.


1873 Victorian football season
The 1873 Victorian football season was an Australian rules football competition played during the winter of 1873. The season consisted of matches between metropolitan and provincial football clubs in the colony of Victoria. The premier club was Carlton.


1873 Victorian football season, 1873 premiership
Four metropolitan clubs participated in senior football during the 1873 season: Albert-park, Carlton, Melbourne and University, but since University played very few games, its record is not shown below.


1873 Victorian football season, 1873 premiership
Notable for its absence was the South Yarra; after being a powerhouse of the 1860s, the club folded in January 1873. Many of its players went to the nearby and newly established junior St Kilda Football Club, which was elevated to senior ranks in 1874.


1873 Victorian football season, 1873 premiership
Carlton and Melbourne were considered the dominant clubs in the city, so the premier club was decided based entirely on the head-to-head record between the clubs; in their four meetings, Carlton won two and two were drawn, so Carlton was recognised as the premier club for the season.


1873 Victorian football season, 1873 premiership, Club senior records
The below table is set of results for senior clubs during the 1873 season. The list shows the record across all matches (senior, junior and intercolonial), but excludes unfinished matches played by Carlton against Albert-park and University.


1873 Victorian football season, 1873 premiership, Club senior records
Geelong was the strongest provincial team, being undefeated in provincial matches and suffering its only loss of the season against Melbourne. According to the official tables published in the Argus from 1889 and in the Football Record from 1912–1923, Geelong was the third-placed team in the Victorian premiership in 1873.


1873 Victorian football season, 1873 premiership, Club senior records
Of the long list of junior clubs to compete at relatively even standard – Carlton Imperial, Collingwood, East Melbourne, Essendon, Hawthorn, North Melbourne, Richmond, St Kilda, Southern, South-park, Studley-park and Williamstown – there was no clear premier club, with none managing an unbeaten record in matches against the other juniors. The numbers advantage to juniors clubs in matches at odds against senior clubs was reduced in 1873, with the junior club usually fielding eighteen men to the senior club's twenty.


1873 Vienna World's Fair
The 1873 Vienna World's Fair (German: Weltausstellung 1873 Wien) was the large world exposition that was held in 1873 in the Austria-Hungarian capital Vienna. Its motto was "Culture and Education" (Kultur und Erziehung).


1873 Vienna World's Fair, History
As well as being a chance to showcase Austro-Hungarian industry and culture, the World's Fair in Vienna commemorated Franz Joseph I's 25th year as emperor. The main grounds were in the Prater, a park near the Danube River, and preparations cost £23.4 million. It lasted from May 1st to November 2nd, hosting about 7,225,000 visitors.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities
There were almost 26,000 exhibitors housed in different buildings that were erected for this exposition, including the Rotunda (Rotunde), a large circular building in the great park of Prater designed by the Scottish engineer John Scott Russell. (The fair Rotunda was destroyed by fire on 17 September 1937.)


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Russian pavilion
The Russian pavilion had a naval section designed by Viktor Hartmann. Exhibits included models of the Port of Rijeka and the Illés Relief model of Jerusalem.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Japanese pavilion
The Japanese exhibition at the fair was the product of years of preparation. The empire had received its invitation in 1871, close on the heels of the Meiji Restoration, and a government bureau was established to produce an appropriate response. Shigenobu Okuma, Tsunetami Sano, and its other officials were keen to use the event to raise the international standing of Japanese manufactures and boost exports. 24 engineers were also sent with its delegation to study cutting-edge Western engineering at the fair for use in Japanese industry.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Japanese pavilion
Art and cultural relics at the exhibit were verified by the Jinshin Survey, a months-long inspection tour of various imperial, noble, and temple holdings around the country. The most important products of each province were listed and two specimens of each were collected, one for display in Vienna and the other for preservation and display within Japan. Large-scale preparatory exhibitions with this second set of objects were conducted within Japan at the Tokyo Kaisei School (today the University of Tokyo) in 1871 and at the capital's Confucian Temple in 1872; they eventually formed the core collection of the institution that became the Tokyo National Museum.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Japanese pavilion
41 Japanese officials and government interpreters, as well as 6 Europeans in Japanese employ, came to Vienna to oversee the pavilion and the fair's cultural events. 25 craftsmen and gardeners created the main pavilion, as well as a full Japanese garden with shrine and a model of the former pagoda at Tokyo's imperial temple. Apart from the collection of regional objects, which focused on ceramics, cloisonné wares, lacquerware, and textiles, the displays also included the female golden shachi from Nagoya Castle and a papier-maché copy of the Kamakura Buddha. The year after the fair, Sano compiled a report on it which ran to 96 volumes divided into 16 parts, including a strong plea for the creation of a museum on western lines in the Japanese capital; the government further began hosting national industrial exhibitions at Ueno Park in 1877.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Japanese pavilion
A Western engraving of the Japanese craftsmen constructing the pavilion and garden


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Japanese pavilion
The foyer of the Japanese pavilion, from the Japanese report on the fair compiled under Tsunetami Sano


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Japanese pavilion
The interior of the pavilion, including the golden shachi, from the Illustrated Times (Illustrirte Zeitung)


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Japanese pavilion
Part of the Japanese display, as seen from one of the Ottoman minarets


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Ottoman pavilion
Osman Hamdi Bey, an archaeologist and painter, was chosen by the Ottoman government as commissary of the empire's exhibits in Vienna. He organized the Ottoman pavilion with Victor Marie de Launay, a French-born Ottoman official and archivist, who had written the catalogue for the Ottoman Empire's exhibition at the 1867 Paris World's Fair.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Ottoman pavilion
The Ottoman pavilion, located near the Egyptian pavilion (which had its own pavilion despite being a territory of the Ottoman Empire), in the park outside the Rotunde, included small replicas of notable Ottoman buildings and models of vernacular architecture: a replica of the Sultan Ahmed Fountain in the Topkapı Palace, a model Istanbul residence, a representative Turkish bath, a cafe, and a bazaar. The 1873 Ottoman pavilion was more prominent than its pavilion in 1867.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Ottoman pavilion
The Vienna exhibition set off Western nations' pavilions against Eastern pavilions, with the host, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, setting itself at the juncture between East and West. A report by the Ottoman commission for the exhibition expressed a goal of inspiring with their display "a serious interest [in the Ottoman Empire] on the part of the industrialists, traders, artists, and scholars of other nations...."


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Ottoman pavilion
The Ottoman pavilion included a gallery of mannequins wearing the traditional costumes of many of the varied ethnic groups of the Ottoman Empire. To supplement the cases of costumes, Osman Hamdi and de Launay created a photographic book of Ottoman costumes, the Elbise-i 'Osmaniyye (Les costumes populaires de la Turquie), with photographs by Pascal Sébah.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Ottoman pavilion
The photographic plates of the Elbise depicted traditional Ottoman costumes, commissioned from artisans working in the administrative divisions (vilayets) of the Empire, worn by men, women, and children who resembled the various ethnic and religious types of the empire, though the models were all found in Istanbul. The photographs are accompanied by texts describing the costumes in detail and commenting on the rituals and habits of the regions and ethnic groups in question.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, Italian pavilion
Professor Lodovico Brunetti of Padua, Italy first displayed cremated ashes at the exhibition. He showed a model of the crematory, one of the first modern ones. He exhibited it with a sign reading, "Vermibus erepti, puro consummimur igni," in english, "Saved from the worms, we are consumed by the flames."


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Facilities, New Zealand pavilion
New Zealand was represented at the 1873 Vienna International Exposition by a collection of Māori clubs, mats and cloaks, as well as gold, woodwork, kauri gum and geological specimens. Photographs of New Zealand scenery were shown and examples of flour and beer were provided by local industries. A collection of birds was prepared by a London taxidermist and Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary was said to have been "astonished" by a pair of moa skeletons from the Canterbury Museum. More than 50 awards were collected by New Zealand exhibitors but, apparently, because of a problem of categorisation on the part of the jurors, the moa display was not among them.


1873 Vienna World's Fair, Impact on Vienna
The exhibition led to an intensive building activity in the years before. The new train station to Germany, the Nordwestbahnhof, was completed just prior to the fair.


1873 Virginia gubernatorial election
The 1873 Virginia gubernatorial election was held on May 27, 1873 to elect the governor of Virginia.


1873 Waikouaiti by-election
The 1873 Waikouaiti by-election was a by-election held on 23 July 1873 in the Waikouaiti electorate during the 5th New Zealand Parliament.


1873 Waikouaiti by-election
The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP David Monro.


1873 Waikouaiti by-election
Candidates for the by-election were John Lillie Gillies, Thomas Slater Pratt, and John Graham. Pratt had been mayor of Waikouaiti since July 1870. Gillies was Speaker of the Provincial Council at the time.


1873 Wakatipu by-election
The 1873 Wakatipu by-election was a by-election held on 19 August 1873 in the Wakatipu electorate during the 5th New Zealand Parliament.


1873 Wakatipu by-election
The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Bendix Hallenstein on 17 July 1873.


1873 Wakatipu by-election
The by-election was won by Vincent Pyke, described as a Government supporter.


1873 Wakatipu by-election
It appears that four people were nominated on 16 August, and a poll was held on 19 August. H. Manders won the "show of hands", but may have lost through accidentally being prevented from visiting Cardrona, Macetown, etc.


1873 Wakatipu by-election
The other candidates were Vincent Pyke, George Elliott Barton and Alexander Innes.


1873 Washington Blue Legs season
The Washington Blue Legs played their first and only season in 1873 as a  member of the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. They finished seventh in the league with a record of 8-31. It is uncertain if this team is the same franchise as either the 1872 Washington Nationals or the 1872 Washington Olympics. The Blue Legs' 1873 roster featured four players who started for the Washington Nationals in 1872--Paul Hines (LF), Holly Hollingshead (CF), Warren White (3B), and Oscar Bielaski (RF)--and two players who started for the Washington Olympics in 1872--Tommy Beals (2B) and John Glenn (C). Nick Young, who managed the Blue Legs in 1873, had managed the Olympics in 1872.


1873 Washington Blue Legs season, Player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1873 Washington and Lee Generals football team
The 1873 Washington and Lee Generals football team represented the Washington and Lee University in the 1873 college football season, the school's first season of football. Their four-game season featured four wins over VMI including its earliest victory and the first game in the South, a 4–2 win. The team has no known coach.


1873 Waterford County by-election
The Waterford County by-election of 1873 was fought on 5 July 1873. The byelection was fought due to the resignation of the incumbent Liberal MP, Edmond de la Poer. It was won by the unopposed Liberal candidate Henry Villiers-Stuart.


1873 Wigtownshire by-election
The Wigtownshire by-election of 1873 was fought on 21 February 1873. The byelection was fought due to the Succession to a peerage of the incumbent MP of the Conservative Party, Lord Garlies. It was won by the Conservative candidate Robert Vans-Agnew.


1873 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1873 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1873. Democratic Party candidate William Robert Taylor was elected with 55% of the vote, defeating incumbent Republican Governor Cadwallader C. Washburn.


1873 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
Taylor was the first Democrat elected Governor of Wisconsin since William A. Barstow in 1853. He was nominated as the consensus candidate of the "Reform Party,"—a coalition of Democrats, Liberal Republicans, and Grangers, on a platform of political and economy reform.


1873 Wisconsin gubernatorial election, Democratic (Reform) Party
William Robert Taylor, at the time of the 1873 election, was a Trustee for the State Hospital of the Insane. Previously, he had served as President of the state agriculture society, had been chairman of the Cottage Grove town board, and the Dane County board of supervisors, and had been a member of the Wisconsin State Senate and Assembly.


1873 Wisconsin gubernatorial election, Republican Party
Cadwallader C. Washburn was the incumbent Governor of Wisconsin, having been elected in the 1871 election. Prior to becoming Governor, he had served ten years in the United States House of Representatives and had served as a Union Army general in the American Civil War under Ulysses S. Grant.


1873 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1873 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1873 college football season. The Bulldogs compiled a 2–1 record, winning games against Rutgers and Eton College (with Yale alumni) but losing to Princeton. William S. Halstead was the team captain.


1873 college football season
The 1873 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Princeton as having been selected national champions.


1873 college football season
The Harvard vs. McGill game played on May 15, 1874, was the first rugby-style football game played in the United States.


1873 college football season
Organized intercollegiate football was first played in the state of Virginia and the Southern United States when Washington & Lee defeated VMI 4 to 2. Some industrious students of the two schools organized a game for October 23, 1869 – but it was rained out. Students of the University of Virginia were playing pickup games of the kicking-style of football as early as 1870, and some accounts even claim it organized a game against Washington and Lee College in 1871, but no record has been found of the score of this contest. Due to scantness of records of the prior matches some will claim Virginia v. Pantops Academy November 13, 1887, as the first game in Virginia.


1873 in Australia
The following lists events that happened during 1873 in Australia.


1873 in Australian literature
This article presents a list of the historical events and publications of Australian literature during 1873.


1873 in Australian literature, Births
A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1873 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of death.


1873 in Australian literature, Deaths
A list, ordered by date of death (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1873 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth.


1873 in Canada, Smallpox
In the opening speech to the 1872-1873 Epidemiological Society conference, Inspector-General Robert Lawson drew attention to the recent prevalence of hamorrhagic forms of smallpox in both the United States and Canada, among other countries. During the smallpox pandemic of 1870-1874, the disease had been carried to America by emigrants, where it had already infected thousands, and killed hundreds in eastern cities such as Boston and New York.


1873 in Canada, Historical documents
Non -confidence moved in House of Commons over Government accepting election funding from group hoping to build CPR


1873 in Canada, Historical documents
Why the Governor General did not dismiss Prime Minister Macdonald over the Pacific Scandal


1873 in Canada, Historical documents
Metis leader Ambroise Lepine sentenced to death for the murder of Thomas Scott in 1870 at Red River


1873 in Canada, Historical documents
House of Commons speeches on issues with Indigenous people in the Northwest Territories


1873 in Canada, Historical documents
British Columbia Indian superintendent reports on the economic activity of Indigenous people


1873 in Chile
The following lists events that happened during 1873 in Chile.


1873 in New Zealand
The following lists events that happened during 1873 in New Zealand.


1873 in South Africa
The following lists events that happened during 1873 in South Africa.


1873 in Wales
This article is about the particular significance of the year 1873 to Wales and its people.


1873 in archaeology
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Camboxer (talk | contribs) at 16:41, 11 January 2021 (→Finds:  addition). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1873 in architecture
The year 1873 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.


1873 in association football
The following are events in 1873 which are relevant to the development of association football. Included are events in closely related codes, such as the Sheffield Rules.


1873 in baseball
The following are the baseball events of the year 1873  throughout the world.


1873 in birding and ornithology
Birds described in 1873 include the white-browed tit-warbler, Bartlett's tinamou, Von Schrenck's bittern, Raggiana bird-of-paradise, spangled coquette, Sangihe hanging parrot and the white-crowned penduline tit.


1873 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1873.


1873 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1873.


1873 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1873 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1873 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1873 in rail transport
This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1873.


1873 in science
The year 1873 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.


1873 in sports
1873 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.


1873–74 3rd Lanark RV season
The 1873–74 season was the first season of competitive football by 3rd Lanark RV.


1873–74 3rd Lanark RV season, Overview
As one of the eight founder members of the Scottish FA, 3rd Lanark RV took part in the inaugural Scottish Cup. Subscription fees from 15 of the 16 clubs that entered the competition were used to pay for the trophy for which they compete.


1873–74 3rd Lanark RV season, Overview
The team reached the quarter-finals without playing a match after first round opponents Southern withdrew. However, 3rd Lanark RV were defeated by eventual finalists Clydesdale after a second replay.


1873–74 3rd Lanark RV season, Overview
During the club's early years, the team would play in red shirts and blue shorts. Their traditional white shorts weren't introduced until 1876.


1873–74 Dumbarton F.C. season
The 1873–74 season was the first season of competitive football by Dumbarton.


1873–74 Dumbarton F.C. season, Scottish Cup
Dumbarton became members of the fledgeling Scottish FA and contributed to the purchase of a challenge cup. In this inaugural Scottish Cup competition, the club reached the second round, following a walk-over against Vale of Leven in the first round with a 1–0 defeat against Renton in the second round replay, after a 0-0 draw.


1873–74 Dumbarton F.C. season, Friendlies
During the season, reports were made of the playing of six 'friendly' matches, including home and away fixtures against local rivals Vale of Leven and Glasgow side, Callander. Of these matches, two were won, one drawn and three lost, scoring three goals and conceding nine.


1873–74 Dumbarton F.C. season, Player statistics
Only includes appearances and goals in competitive Scottish Cup matches.


1873–74 FA Cup
The 1873–74 Football Association Challenge Cup was the third staging of the FA Cup, England's oldest football tournament. Twenty-eight teams entered, twelve more than the previous season, although six of the twenty-eight never played a match.


1873–74 FA Cup, Format
First Round: The 28 teams would play. The winners would move on


1873–74 FA Cup, Format
Second Round: The remaining 14 teams would play. The winner would move on


1873–74 FA Cup, Format
Third Round: 6 teams, with Swifts getting a bye, would play.


1873–74 FA Cup, Format
Final: The two Semi-Final teams would face each other. The winner would be crowned champion


1873–74 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1873–74 Harvard Crimson football team represented Harvard University in the 1873 college football season. The team played only two intercollegiate games, both against the team from McGill University in Cambridge, with one game ending in a Harvard victory and the other ending in a scoreless tie. The first game was played under Harvard's rules, while the second game played using McGill's rules on May 15, 1874, was the first rugby-style football game played in the United States. The team captain was Henry R. Grant.


1873–74 Home Nations rugby union matches
The 1873–74 Home Nations rugby union matches was a single international friendly held between the England and Scotland national rugby union teams. With no other recognised rugby union teams in Britain or the rest of the World, the encounter between Scotland and England represented the only possible match that could be arranged, and would continue as such until 1875, when Ireland formed a national team.


1873–74 Home Nations rugby union matches, Results, Scoring system
The matches for this season were decided on goals scored. A goal was awarded for a successful conversion after a try, for a dropped goal or for a goal from mark. If a game was drawn, any unconverted tries were tallied to give a winner. If there was still no clear winner, the match was declared a draw.


1873–74 Home Nations rugby union matches, The matches, England vs. Scotland
England: John Batten (Cambridge University), Marshall Brooks (Oxford University), Harold Freeman (Marlborough Nomads), WE Collins (Old Cheltonians), Sydney Morse (Marlborough Nomads), William Henry Milton (Marlborough Nomads), Thomas Batson  (Blackheath), Henry Bryden (Clapham Rovers), Ernest Cheston (Richmond), Charles Crosse (Oxford University), FL Cunliffe (RMA), JSM Genth (Manchester), Alfred St. George Hamersley (Marlborough Nomads) capt., Edward Kewley (Liverpool), Henry Arnold Lawrence (Richmond), Murray Marshall (Blackheath), S Parker (Liverpool), William FH Stafford (Royal Engineers), Dawson Turner (Richmond), Roger Walker (Manchester)


1873–74 Home Nations rugby union matches, The matches, England vs. Scotland
Scotland: William Davie Brown (Glasgow Academicals) capt., T Chalmers (Glasgow Academicals), HM Hamilton (West of Scotland), TR Marshall (Edinburgh Academicals), William Hamilton Kidston (West of Scotland), W St Clair Grant (Craigmount School), AK Stewart (Edinburgh University RFC), Charles Chalmers Bryce (Glasgow Academicals), John Davidson (RIE College), JF Finlay (Edinburgh Academicals), Gilbert Heron (Glasgow Academicals), RW Irvine (Edinburgh Academicals), JAW Mein (Edinburgh Academicals), Tom Paterson Neilson (West of Scotland), AG Petrie (Royal HSFP), J Reid (Edinburgh Wanderers), John Kennedy Todd (Glasgow Academicals), RW Wilson (West of Scotland), A Wood (Royal HSFP), AH Young (Edinburgh Academicals)


1873–74 Queen's Park F.C. season
The 1873–74 season was the third season of competitive football by Queen's Park.


1873–74 Queen's Park F.C. season, Overview
As one of the eight founder members of the Scottish FA, Queen's Park took part in the inaugural Scottish Cup. Subscription fees from 15 of the 16 clubs that entered the competition were used to pay for the trophy for which they compete.


1873–74 Queen's Park F.C. season, Overview
Queen's Park's long and successful history in the competition began with a 7–0 win over Dumbreck in the highest scoring game in the inaugural competition on 25 October. They would go on to reach the final without conceding a goal with wins over Eastern and Renton in the quarter-finals and semi-finals respectively. In the final, they would face off against another Glasgow side – Clydesdale. Second half goals from Billy MacKinnon and Robert Leckie saw Queen's Park run out 2–0 winners at the original Hampden Park to lift the trophy for the first time.


1873–74 Queen's Park F.C. season, Overview
This was the first season that the club didn't enter the FA Cup.


1873–74 Queen's Park F.C. season, Overview
For the first time, Queen's Park played in their now traditional black and white hoops. Between 1874 and 1876, each player wore distinctive socks.


1873–74 Scottish Cup
The 1873–74 Scottish Cup – officially the Scottish Football Association Challenge Cup – was the first season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. A total of 16 teams from the west of Scotland entered the competition, however only 14 would play a match after two withdrawals. The competition began on 18 October 1873 and concluded with the final on 21 March 1874. The inaugural cup was won by Queen's Park who defeated fellow Glasgow club Clydesdale 2–0 in the final.


1873–74 Scottish Cup
The 16 teams that entered the competition consisted of the eight founder members of the Scottish FA – namely Clydesdale, Dumbreck, Eastern, Granville, Kilmarnock, Queen's Park, Vale of Leven and 3rd Lanark RV – as well as Alexandra Athletic, Blythswood, Callander, Dumbarton, Renton, Rovers, Southern and Western. Subscription fees from 15 of these clubs were used to pay for the Scottish Cup trophy which the teams would compete for. Unlike the FA Cup, the original trophy is still awarded to the winners of the competition. It is the oldest in association football and the oldest national trophy in the world.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Background
Queen's Park had been founded in July 1867 and joined the English Football Association three years later. They had contributed to the cost of the FA Cup trophy and entered the competition in its inaugural season. However, the costs of travelling to England for matches was prohibitive. In both 1872 and 1873, they were forced to withdraw from the competition in the semi-finals.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Background
In March 1873, the club took out an advertisement in a Glasgow newspaper to invite football clubs to a meeting in the Dewar's Hotel with the intention of discussing the formation of a football association for Scotland. Secretary Archibald Rae also wrote a letter to a number of clubs, including Kilmarnock who had taken influence from Queen's Park to play association football over rugby, to invite them to the meeting.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Background
Committee members from Queen's Park were joined by representatives from six other clubs – Clydesdale, Vale of Leven, Dumbreck, 3rd Lanark RV, Eastern and Granville – at the meeting and a letter of support was received from Kilmarnock who were unable to attend. The eight clubs agreed to establish the Scottish Football Association and resolved that:


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Background
The clubs here represented form themselves into an association for the promotion of football according to the rules of The Football Association and that the clubs connected with this association subscribe for a challenge cup to be played for annually, the committee to propose the laws of the competition.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Background
Eight further teams joined the Scottish FA over the next few months and subscription fees from 15 of them were used to pay for the trophy.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Format
As 16 teams entered the competition, the first edition of the Scottish Cup took on the format of a straightforward knockout tournament. In future years, the number of entrants would expand to regularly include over 100 teams which resulted in the need for byes before the introduction of the Scottish Football League in 1890 and the Scottish Qualifying Cup in 1895.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Format
For the first round, the names of the 16 teams were placed into a single lot and drawn into pairs. The home team for each tie was determined by the toss of a coin unless it was mutually agreed or only one of the two clubs drawn against one another had a private ground. In the event of a draw, the team who lost the toss would have the choice of ground for the replay. This process was repeated for the quarter-finals and semi-finals. The choice of venue for the final matches was reserved to the Scottish FA.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Format, Teams
All 16 teams entered the competition in the first round. Of the clubs that entered, eight were founder members of the Scottish FA. Those included Clydesdale, Granville, Queen's Park and 3rd Lanark R.V. from Renfrewshire as well as Dumbreck from Lanarkshire, Eastern from Glasgow, Ayrshire side Kilmarnock and Vale of Leven from Dunbartonshire. A further five Glasgow clubs – Alexandra Athletic, Blythswood, Callander, Rovers, and Western – entered alongside Dumbarton and Renton from Dunbartonshire and Southern from Renfrewshire.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Format, Teams
Of the 16 teams to enter the first round; Southern were the only team who would not play a single match and – as of 2021 – only Dumbarton, Kilmarnock and Queen's Park still regularly compete in the competition.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, First round
At a committee meeting of the Scottish Football Association, reported on 10 October 1873, the first round ties were drawn. Of the eight ties, five were played at venues opposite to the draw after Renton, Eastern, Queen's Park, Western and Clydesdale won the coin toss.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, First round
The first match took place on 18 October 1873 when Renton defeated Kilmarnock – who played the entire match with 10 players – 2–0 in the first round. The match was played in Crosshill, at the neutral Hampden Park. Newspaper reports from the time suggest Kilmarnock may have been at a disadvantage as they were more used to playing rugby. Later on the same day, Alexandra Athletic and Eastern recorded wins over Callander and Rovers and the following week Queen's Park began the competition with a 7–0 win over Dumbreck in the highest scoring game in the inaugural competition. John McPherson scored the first ever Scottish Cup hat-trick as Clydesdale defeated Granville 6–0 in what would be the latter's only Scottish Cup match and Blythswood won 1–0 away to Western.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, First round
Southern and Vale of Leven scratched their first round matches against Dumbarton and 3rd Lanark RV respectively.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Quarter-finals
The quarter-final stage began on 8 November 1873 when Clydesdale and 3rd Lanark RV drew 1–1 at Kinning Park to set up the first Scottish Cup replay eight days later. This match also finished in a draw meaning a second replay to be played on 6 December 1873. In the meantime, Dumbarton lost 1–0 to Renton in a replay on 29 November 1873 after the first match had finished goalless a week earlier. According to reports in The Herald, both matches were played on a public park in Renton. Queen's Park and Blythswood reached the semi-finals without the need for a replay as they defeated Eastern and Alexandra Athletic respectively. In the last match of the quarter-final stage, Clydesdale defeated 3rd Lanark RV 2–0 at a neutral venue in their second replay.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Semi-finals
The two semi-final matches were played a week apart in December 1873. Queen's Park were the first team to reach the final as they defeated Renton 2–0 at the original Hampden Park on 13 December. Clydesdale then booked their place in the inaugural final a week later as they recorded a 4–0 win over Blythswood at Kinning Park.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Final
After 14 matches played and 35 goals scored, the tournament culminated in the 1874 Scottish Cup Final on 21 March 1874. The match, played at the original Hampden Park in Crosshill, was watched by 2,500 spectators and refereed by James McIntyre of Eastern. As Hampden Park was the home of finalists Queen's Park, the match was one of a select few cup finals in Scotland that were not played on neutral territory.


1873–74 Scottish Cup, Final
Both goals came in the second half courtesy of Scotland internationals Billy MacKinnon and Robert Leckie. Queen's Park won 2–0 to claim the trophy for the first of their 10 triumphs.


1873–74 Scottish Districts season
The 1873–74 Scottish Districts season is a record of all the  rugby union matches for Scotland's district teams.


1873–74 Scottish Districts season
It includes the Inter-City fixtures between Glasgow District and Edinburgh District.


1873–74 Scottish Districts season, History
The matches here remain 20 - a - side. These matches, with more players on the park, made it harder to score.


1873–74 Scottish Districts season, History
In addition, scoring a try did not count for points. The try gave you an attempt to get a score by means of the conversion; if the conversion was missed then it did not benefit the try scoring team. It was only goals that mattered.


1873–74 Scottish Districts season, History
The second inter-city match here is a case in point. Edinburgh scored a try but missed the conversion. Hence the match ended in a draw.


1873–74 Scottish Districts season, Results, Inter-City
Edinburgh District: J. L. Patullo (Edinburgh Wanderers), W. Blackwood (back), Angus Buchanan (Royal HSFP) (quarter back), G. Couper (Warriston) (half back), A. Finlay and J. Finlay- Forsyth, Bulldog Irvine (Edinburgh Academicals) (captain), J. Leslie (Royal HSFP) (back), R. Lindsay, John Lisle Hall McFarlane (Edinburgh University) (quarter back), Thomas Roger Marshall (Edinburgh Academicals) (half back), James Andrew Whitelock Mein (Edinburgh Academicals), Alexander Petrie (Royal HSFP), G. Rayner (Royal HSFP) (back), A. Reid, Duncan Robertson (Edinburgh Academicals) and James Robertson (Royal HSFP), Alexander Stewart (Edinburgh University) (quarter back), Charles Villar (Warriston), and P. Wood, A. C. Rose (Edinburgh Wanderers)Glasgow District: H. W. Allan, Allan Arthur, W. D. Brown (Glasgow Academicals) (back), C. C. Bryce, F. Chalmers (Glasgow Academicals) (back), G. R. Flemming, J. S. Carrick (Glasgow Academicals) and J. Y. Kennedy, W. H. Kidston (West of Scotland) (back), G. B. and J. H. M'Clure (West of Scotland)  (quarter backs), J. Napier (Glasgow University), J. and T. Neilson, J. S. Thompson, J. K. Tod, and R. W. Wilson, J. Reid (Glasgow Academicals), G. Heron (Glasgow Academicals), D. M. Brunton (Glasgow University)


1873–74 Scottish Districts season, Results, Inter-City
Glasgow District: W. D. Brown (captain) (Glasgow Academicals), J. S. Carrick (Glasgow Academicals), T. Chalmers (Glasgow Academicals), W. H. Kidston (West of Scotland), J. W. Arthur (Glasgow Academicals), J. H. McClure (West of Scotland), Allan Arthur, H. W. Allan, C. C. Bryce, G. R. Fleming, J. S. Thompson, J. K. Tod, G. Heron, J. S. Tod (all Glasgow Academicals), J. S. Kennedy, J. Neilson, T. Neilson, R. W. Wilson (all West of Scotland), J. Napier, D. M. Brunton (both Glasgow University)Edinburgh District: J. Leslie (Royal HSFP), T. Marshall (Edinburgh Academicals), G. Rayner (Royal HSFP), J. McFarlane (Edinburgh University), G. Drysdale (Merchistonians), E. Carswell (Edinburgh Wanderers), Alexander Stewart (Edinburgh University), Bulldog Irvine (Edinburgh Academicals), J. Mein (Edinburgh Academicals), J. FInlay (Edinburgh Academicals), A. Finlay (Edinburgh Academicals), D. Robertson (Edinburgh Academicals), Arthur Young (Edinburgh Academicals), R. Lindsay (Edinburgh University), A. G. Petrie (Royal HSFP), J. Knott (Royal HSFP), J. G. Robertson (Edinburgh Academicals), J. Reid (Edinburgh Wanderers), Charles Villar (Warriston)


1873–74 in English football
The 1873–74 season was the third season of competitive football in England. Oxford University beat the Royal Engineers 2–0 in the FA Cup


1873–74 in Scottish football
Season 1873–74 was the first in Scottish football to feature competitive domestic fixtures, with the introduction of the Scottish Cup.


1873–74 in Scottish football, Overview
Financial obstacles had badly hindered Queen's Park's attempts to compete for the FA Cup in the previous two seasons, with only one match actually being played. As a result, although retaining membership of the Football Association, Queen's elected not to enter for the cup on this occasion (neither would they compete in the next two seasons). Instead, there was now a domestic equivalent to compete for, the Scottish Football Association (founded in March of the previous season) having instituted its own challenge cup competition modelled on the English tournament - the Scottish Cup.


1873–74 in Scottish football, Overview
As well as the international fixture with England, which returned to Partick in March, cross-border rivalry was also fuelled with the introduction of what became a prestige representative fixture of the late 19th century, an inter-city match between Glasgow and Sheffield.


1873–74 in Scottish football, Scottish Cup
Sixteen clubs entered the draw for the first round of the first ever Scottish Cup tournament, which was organised on the same unseeded, straight knockout basis as the FA Cup. The trophy and a set of medals were purchased as a result of subscription by member clubs at a cost of £56 12s 11d.


1873–74 in Scottish football, Scottish Cup
Although details of several matches are sketchy, the first round match between Renton and Kilmarnock at Crosshill (then an independent burgh from Glasgow) on 18 October 1873 was the first match to get underway in the competition, and therefore the first competitive club fixture on Scottish soil.


1873–74 in Scottish football, Scottish Cup
Queen's Park went on to underline their position as the pre-eminent club in Scottish football by lifting the trophy. After wins over Dumbreck, Eastern and Renton, they secured the Scottish Cup with a 2–0 victory over Clydesdale in the final.


1873–74 in Scottish football, Scotland national team, Overview
The international against England took place at Partick in March. Staged almost exactly a year on from the inaugural London clash, it established a pattern of the fixture taking place on an annual basis in the latter part of the season, with home advantage alternating. Scotland conceded the opener, but with goals either side of half time, secured their first ever international victory.


1873–74 in Scottish football, Representative matches
As well as selecting a team for the international fixture, the SFA were also responsible for the Glasgow side chosen to face their Sheffield counterparts (there was no Glasgow Football Association prior to 1883).


1873–74 in Scottish football, Representative matches
14 March 1874:  Sheffield 2  Glasgow 2 (Bramall Lane, Sheffield)


1874
1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1874th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 874th  year of the 2nd millennium, the 74th  year of the 19th century, and the  5th   year of the 1870s decade. As of the start of 1874, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.


1874 Akaroa by-elections
Following the resignation of Robert Heaton Rhodes from his Akaroa seat in the New Zealand parliament, William Montgomery contested the 20 April 1874 by-election against Walter Pilliet. The results were 168 and 76 votes, respectively, i.e., a margin of 92 for Montgomery. He thus entered parliament during the 5th term.


1874 Akaroa by-elections
In July 1874, a select committee declared Montgomery's election to be "null and void", as he had a contract for the supply of railway sleepers with the general government in breach of election rules. The select committee accepted that the breach was inadvertent. Montgomery stood for re-election in the second by-election, on 10 August 1874 and was returned unopposed.


1874 Alabama gubernatorial election
The 1874 Alabama gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1874, in order to elect the Governor of Alabama. Incumbent Republican David P. Lewis unsuccessfully ran for reelection, losing to Democratic former U.S. Representative George S. Houston. This election would start a 112-year win streak for Democrats in the gubernatorial level.


1874 Argentine presidential election
The Argentine presidential election of 1874 was held on 12 April to choose the president of Argentina. Nicolás Avellaneda was elected president.


1874 Argentine presidential election, Background
President Sarmiento's pragmatic approach to Buenos Aires demands and his successful control of separatist revolts in the north paved the way to high office for his vice president, Autonomist Party leader Adolfo Alsina. Alsina gained the support of a sizable facion of Mitre's Nationalist Party, resulting in the formation of the paramount political group in Argentina for the next 42 years: The National Autonomist Party (PAN). Mitre himself did not support Alsina, however, whom he viewed as a veiled Buenos Aires separatist. The elder statesman ran for the presidency again, though the seasoned Alsina outmaneuvered him by fielding Nicolás Avellaneda, a moderate lawyer from remote Tucumán Province. The electoral college met on 12 April 1874, and awarded Mitre only three provinces, including Buenos Aires.


1874 Argentine presidential election, Background
As he had repeatedly up to 1861, Mitre took up arms again. Hoping to prevent Avellaneda's 12 October inaugural, he mutineered a gunboat; he was defeated, however, and only President Avellaneda's commutation spared his life.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1874 Atlantic hurricane season was a relatively inactive one, in which seven tropical cyclones developed. Four storms intensified into hurricanes, but none attained major hurricane (Category 3+) status. However, in the absence of modern satellite and other remote-sensing technologies, only storms that affected populated land areas or encountered ships at sea were recorded, so the actual total could be higher. An undercount bias of zero to six tropical cyclones per year between 1851 and 1885 and zero to four per year between 1886 and 1910 has been estimated.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season
The first storm of the season developed on July 2, and the final storm was last sighted on November 4, while situated just to the north of the Bahamas. Most of the systems directly impacted land. A tropical storm that developed in the Bay of Campeche during the month of September destroyed the Brazos Santiago lighthouse. in the state of Texas. The sixth storm of the season, and also the third hurricane, made landfall in Florida as a Category 1 hurricane before making a second landfall in South Carolina at the same intensity.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season
The seventh, final, and strongest system of the season developed in the Caribbean on the last day of October, and made landfall in Jamaica as a Category 2 hurricane before weakening to a tropical storm by the time it made a second landfall in Eastern Cuba. The storm was last sighted to the north of the Bahamas on November 4, as a Category 1 hurricane.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT) officially recognizes seven tropical cyclones from the 1874 season. Four storms attained hurricane status, with winds of 75 mph (119 km/h) or greater. The seventh hurricane of the season was the most intense, with maximum sustained winds up to 100 mph (165 km/h). The first storm of the season was a tropical storm that formed in the Gulf of Mexico during the month of July. The system made landfall near Galveston, Texas on July 5, although it is unknown whether any damages or fatalities were caused as a result of the storm.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The second and third systems of the season were both hurricanes, with winds up to 80 mph (130 km/h) and 90 mph (150 km/h) respectively. The first system made landfall in Newfoundland as a tropical storm. In early September, another tropical system developed in the Bay of Campeche and made landfall in Northeast Mexico with winds up to 60 mph (95 km/h). The fifth storm of the season formed northeast of the Bahamas on September 8, and moved northward before turning to the north-northeast. It was last sighted to the south of Newfoundland on September 11.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The next system developed in the western Caribbean on the last day of October, before crossing over the Yucatan Peninsula and making landfall in Florida as a Category 1 hurricane. The storm briefly weakened to a tropical storm over the state before restrengthening into a hurricane off the coast of Georgia. It made a second landfall in South Carolina on September 28, and became extratropical on September 30, while moving across the northeast. This was the first hurricane to ever be shown on a weather map.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Season summary
The seventh, and final, hurricane of the season was also the most intense of the year. It developed several hundred miles north of Panama on the last day of October, before striking Jamaica as a Category 2 hurricane. It weakened to a tropical storm before making landfall in Eastern Cuba, but later strengthened into a hurricane again while north of the Bahamas, where it was last sighted on November 4.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm One
On July 2, a tropical storm reportedly developed in the Gulf of Mexico, while located a couple of hundred miles to the south of the Florida Panhandle. Moving westward, the tropical storm steadily strengthened to reach a peak intensity of 60 mph (90 km/h) on July 3. Holding steady in strength, the tropical storm made landfall near Galveston, Texas on July 5, and then rapidly dissipated shortly after moving inland that same day. In Indianola, Texas, the storm blew down fledgling settlements and sank ships, seriously hindering coastal trade.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Two
On August 3, a tropical storm developed in the open Atlantic, several hundred miles from any landmasses. Slowly gaining strength, the system reached hurricane status and a peak intensity of 80 mph (130 km/h) while located just northeast of the island of Bermuda on August 5. The system weakened back to a tropical storm on August 7, and made landfall on Newfoundland the same day, with maximum sustained winds up to 70 mph (110 km/h). It dissipated shortly afterwards.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Three
On August 29, a tropical storm developed a few hundred miles to the west of the Cape Verde Islands. Moving towards the west-northwest, the storm steadily gained strength, and reached hurricane strength at 0000 UTC September 2 (8 p.m. AST September 1). On September 6, the storm reached a peak intensity of 90 mph (150 km/h). Moving just to the west of Bermuda, the storm began to turn more northerly, and transitioned into an extratropical system the following day. On September 8, the storm made landfall in Newfoundland as an extratropical storm.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Four
On September 2, a tropical storm developed in the Bay of Campeche. Moving generally towards the west-northwest, the storm reached a peak intensity of 60 mph (95 km/h) on September 4, while approaching landfall in northeastern Mexico. Shortly thereafter, the storm made landfall and quickly weakened into a tropical depression. Moving northward through Central Texas, the storm dissipated on September 7, while located to the southwest of the Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas area. The storm was responsible for destroying the Brazos Santiago lighthouse and for one fatality.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Tropical Storm Five
On September 8, a tropical storm was observed to the northeast of the Bahamas. Moving towards the west-northwest, the tropical storm held its intensity of 60 mph (95 km/h) as it passed between North Carolina and Bermuda. Turning towards the northeast, it was last observed to the south of Newfoundland on September 11.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
On September 25, a tropical storm developed in the western Caribbean, north of Honduras. Upon making landfall on the Yucatan Peninsula shortly afterwards, the storm briefly weakened into a tropical depression. However, when it emerged into the Gulf of Mexico, it attained tropical storm status once again. Steadily gaining strength, the storm reached hurricane status on September 28, after reports from the ship "Emma D. Finney" indicated such. It made landfall near Cedar Key, Florida several hours later, with an estimated minimum central pressure of 981 millibars (29.0 inHg).


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
The storm was briefly downgraded into a tropical storm over the central portion of the state, but strengthened into a hurricane again after exiting near Jacksonville, Florida and crossing the Gulf Stream. It hit South Carolina as a hurricane that same day, with the centre passing just east of Charleston and west of Wilmington. In North Carolina, Virginia, and several other states to the north, there were reports of trees being brought down, and shipping disrupted. At Smithville(Southport) several houses, warehouses, telegraph lines and railroad bridges were destroyed. The storm lost hurricane status for a final time over eastern North Carolina. Moving on a north-northeast track, it moved into the northeast United States and transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on September 30, while over the state of Maine. On October 1, it dissipated over eastern Canada.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Six
This was also the first hurricane ever to be recorded on a weather map by the U.S. Weather Bureau.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Seven
On October 31, a tropical storm developed to the north of Panama. Moving towards the east-northeast, the storm attained hurricane status on November 1, while situated just south of Jamaica. Upon making landfall in the island nation on November 2, the storm strengthened into a Category 2 hurricane with 100 mph (155 km/h) winds, becoming the strongest system of the 1874 season. Reports from Kingston, Jamaica spoke of 17 vessels being wrecked or destroyed by the storm.


1874 Atlantic hurricane season, Systems, Hurricane Seven
After crossing Jamaica, the system weakened into a Category 1 hurricane and then further into a tropical storm upon making landfall in eastern Cuba. On November 3, the system emerged in the Bahamas, and strengthened into a hurricane once again the following day. On November 4, the storm was last sighted to the northeast of the Bahamas.


1874 Baltimore Canaries season
The Baltimore Canaries played their final season in 1874 as a  member of the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. They finished eighth in the league with a record of 9-38.


1874 Baltimore Canaries season, Player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1874 Belgian general election
Partial general elections were held in Belgium on 9 June 1874. The result was a victory for the Catholic Party, which won 68 of the 124 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 34 of the 62 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout was 64.1%, although only 52,074 people were eligible to vote.


1874 Belgian general election
Under the alternating system, elections for the Chamber of Representatives were only held in four out of the nine provinces: Hainaut, Limburg, Liège and East Flanders.


1874 Belgian general election
Incumbent Head of Government Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt was re-elected in the arrondissement of Hasselt but died on 21 August 1874. A special election was held on 27 September 1874 to replace him, which Henri de Pitteurs-Hiegaerts won.


1874 Belgian general election
Additionally, a special election was held in the arrondissement of Tielt to replace Gustave de Mûelenaere, who died on 8 July 1874; this is of note as future Prime Minister Auguste Beernaert was elected to succeed him.


1874 Birkenhead by-election
The Birkenhead by-election of 1874 was fought on 24 November 1874. The byelection was fought due to the death of the incumbent Conservative MP, John Laird. It was won by the Conservative candidate David MacIver.


1874 Birthday Honours
The 1874 Birthday Honours were appointments by Queen Victoria to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of the Queen, and were published in The London Gazette in May and June 1874.


1874 Birthday Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.


1874 Boston Red Stockings season
The 1874 Boston Red Stockings season was the fourth season of the franchise. They won their third consecutive National Association championship.


1874 Boston Red Stockings season
Managed by Harry Wright, Boston finished with a record of 52–18 to win the pennant by 7.5 games. Pitcher Al Spalding started 69 of the Red Stockings' games and led the NA with 52 wins. Outfielder Cal McVey led the league with 71 runs batted in, and he paced the Boston offense which scored more runs than any other team.


1874 Boston Red Stockings season
Harry Wright, Al Spalding, first baseman Jim O'Rourke, catcher Deacon White, and shortstop George Wright have all been elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame.


1874 Boston Red Stockings season, Player stats, Batting, Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1874 Boston Red Stockings season, Player stats, Batting, Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in


1874 Boston Red Stockings season, Player stats, Pitching, Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1874 Boston Red Stockings season, Player stats, Pitching, Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts


1874 Boston mayoral election
The Boston mayoral election of 1873 saw the reelection of Samuel C. Cobb.


1874 Brooklyn Atlantics season
The Brooklyn Atlantics played in 1874 as a  member of the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. They finished sixth in the league with a record of 22-33.


1874 Brooklyn Atlantics season, Player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1874 Buckinghamshire by-election
The Buckinghamshire by-election of 1874 was fought on 17 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Benjamin Disraeli, becoming the Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury and so having to resign his seat. It was retained by Disraeli, who was unopposed.


1874 Cambridgeshire by-election
The Cambridgeshire by-election of 1874 was fought on 3 January 1874. The byelection was fought due to the Succession to a peerage of the incumbent MP of the Conservative Party, Viscount Royston. It was won by the Conservative candidate Elliot Yorke who was unopposed.


1874 Canadian federal election
The 1874 Canadian federal election was held on January 22, 1874, to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 3rd Parliament of Canada. Sir John A. Macdonald, who had recently been forced out of office as prime minister, and his Conservatives were defeated by the Liberal Party under their new leader Prime Minister Alexander Mackenzie.


1874 Canadian federal election
Macdonald's government had been forced to resign on November 5, 1873, because of allegations of corruption relating to the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway (see the Pacific Scandal). The Liberals under Mackenzie formed a government two days later with an election called for January. The Tories were unable to recover from the scandal and lost the election as a result.


1874 Canadian federal election
The election was the first general election after Prince Edward Island's entry into Confederation, and the first to use secret ballots in Canada.


1874 Canadian federal election, National results
1 Liberal-Conservatives sat with the Conservative caucus in the House of Commons.


1874 Chicago White Stockings season
The 1874 Chicago White Stockings season was the 3rd season of the Chicago White Stockings franchise, the 2nd in the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players and the 1st at 23rd Street Grounds. The White Stockings returned to the league in 1874 after taking two years to recover from the chaos of the Great Chicago Fire. They opened their season on Wednesday May 13 hosting the Philadelphia Athletics and shut them out 4 to 0. They finished fifth in the National Association with a record of 28–31.


1874 Chicago White Stockings season, Player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1874 City of Dunedin by-election
The 1874 City of Dunedin by-election was a by-election held  on 23 April 1874 in the City of Dunedin electorate in Dunedin during the 5th New Zealand Parliament.


1874 City of Dunedin by-election
The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent, John Bathgate to when he resigned to take up the appointments of Dunedin resident magistrate and Otago district judge.


1874 City of Dunedin by-election
Wales was opposed by George Elliott Barton and James Gordon Stuart Grant.


1874 City of Durham by-election
The City of Durham by-election of 1874 was fought on 13 June 1874. The byelection was fought due to the voiding of the incumbent Liberal MP, Thomas Charles Thompson's election. It was retained by the Liberal candidate Farrer Herschell.


1874 Colombian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in the United States of Colombia in 1874. The result was a victory for Santiago Pérez de Manosalbas of the Liberal Party.


1874 Colombian presidential election, Electoral system
The 1863 constitution changed the electoral system from a direct vote to an indirect vote. The President was now elected on the basis of which candidate received the most votes in each state, with a candidate required to win in at least five of the nine states to be elected. If no candidate received a majority, Congress would elect the President from the main contenders.


1874 Columbia football team
The 1874 Columbia football team represented Columbia University in the 1874 college football season.


1874 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1874 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 6, 1874. Incumbent governor and Democratic nominee Charles R. Ingersoll defeated Republican nominee Henry B. Harrison with 50.87% of the vote.


1874 County Louth by-election
The County Louth by-election of 1874 was fought on 8 April 1874. The byelection was fought due to the double Election, chose to sit for Dundalk of the incumbent Home Rule MP, Philip Callan. It was won by the Home Rule candidate George Harley Kirk.


1874 Delaware gubernatorial election
The 1874 Delaware gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1874. Incumbent Democratic Governor James Ponder was unable to seek re-election. Former county judge John P. Cochran ran as the Democratic nominee to succeed Ponder and faced the Republican nominee, Dr. Isaac Jump. Cochran ultimately defeated Jump, but by a significantly reduced margin from 1870.


1874 Delaware gubernatorial election, Bibliography
This Delaware elections-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .


1874 Dissolution Honours
The 1874 Dissolution Honours List was issued in February 1874 prior to the general election at the advice of the outgoing Prime Minister, William Gladstone.


1874 Dissolution Honours
The recipients of honours are displayed as they were styled before their new honour.


1874 Dublin County by-election
The Dublin County by-election of 1874 was fought on 18 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Thomas Edward Taylor, becoming Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 Dublin University by-election
The Dublin University by-election of 1874 was fought on 16 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, John Thomas Ball, becoming Attorney General for Ireland. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 Dudley by-election
The Dudley by-election of 1874 was fought on 21 May 1874 shortly after the February General Election, which had brought about the re-election of the Liberal MP Henry Brinsley Sheridan. The election was declared void 4 May 1874, triggering a by-election. Sheridan had been first elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Dudley in 1857. At the subsequent by-election held on 21 May 1874, he was again returned, defeating the ironmaster, Noah Hingley.


1874 East Gloucestershire by-election
The East Gloucestershire by-election of 1874 was held on 17 March 1874. The byelection was held due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Michael Hicks Beach, becoming Chief Secretary for Ireland. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 East Suffolk by-election
The East Suffolk by-election of 1874 was fought on 20 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Frederick Thellusson, 5th Baron Rendlesham, becoming Lord Commissioner of the Treasury. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 East Sydney colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of East Sydney on 15 July 1874 because James Neale resigned.


1874 English cricket season
1874 was the 88th season of cricket in England since the foundation of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). W. G. Grace become the first player to perform the “double” in an English season. In 21 first-class matches, he scored 1,664 runs and took 140 wickets.


1874 English cricket season, Notes
An unofficial seasonal title sometimes proclaimed by consensus of media and historians prior to December 1889 when the official County Championship was constituted. Although there are ante-dated claims prior to 1873, when residence qualifications were introduced, it is only since that ruling that any quasi-official status can be ascribed. Some sources give Derbyshire and though this was once accepted in some publications, including Wisden on the basis of the "least matches lost" principle, it has been superseded. Hampshire, though regarded until 1885 as first-class, played no inter-county matches between 1868 and 1869 or 1871 and 1874.


1874 Eye by-election
The Eye by-election of 1874 was fought on 17 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, George Barrington, becoming Vice-Chamberlain of the Household. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 FA Cup Final
The 1874 FA Cup final was a football match between Oxford University and Royal Engineers on 14 March 1874 at Kennington Oval in London. It was the third final of the world's oldest football competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (known in the modern era as the FA Cup). Both teams had previously reached the final but been defeated by Wanderers. The Engineers had reached the final with comparative ease, scoring sixteen goals and conceding only one in the four previous rounds. Oxford's opponents in the earlier rounds had included two-time former winners Wanderers.


1874 FA Cup Final
The final was decided by two goals from Oxford in the first twenty minutes. Their opponents had spent two weeks training for the match, an innovative concept at the time, but were repeatedly thwarted by Charles Nepean, the Oxford goalkeeper. The Engineers were said to have missed their best back, Lieut. Alfred Goodwyn, who had been posted overseas.


1874 FA Cup Final, Route to the final
Oxford University and the Chatham-based Royal Engineers were among 28 entrants to the competition in the 1873–74 season. Both teams were ranked among the strongest in the country at the time, especially the Engineers who played 86 games between 1871 and 1875 and lost only three, scoring a total of 240 goals and conceding only 20.


1874 FA Cup Final, Route to the final
Both teams progressed through the first round of the competition with little difficulty, Oxford defeating Upton Park 4–0 and the Engineers winning 5–0 against Brondesbury. In the second round, the University beat Barnes 2–0 and the "Sappers", as the Engineers were nicknamed, beat Uxbridge 2–1.


1874 FA Cup Final, Route to the final
The Engineers comprehensively defeated their quarter-final opponents, Maidenhead, winning 7–0, the first time a team had ever scored as many as seven goals in an FA Cup match. Oxford, on the other hand, were paired with Wanderers, who had won the competition in both its first two seasons and never lost an FA Cup match. They had defeated the Engineers in the 1872 final and Oxford in the 1873 final. The first match finished in a 1–1 draw, necessitating a replay which Oxford won 1–0 to end Wanderers' grip on the competition.


1874 FA Cup Final, Route to the final
Both semi-final matches were played at Kennington Oval, the home of Surrey County Cricket Club, as specified by the rules in use at the time. Royal Engineers defeated Swifts in the first match to be played, and Oxford booked their place in the final a month later with a 1–0 win over Clapham Rovers.


1874 FA Cup Final, Match, Summary
Oxford were able to call on their first-choice goalkeeper, Charles Nepean, who had been unable to play in the previous year's final, which Oxford lost. They also selected William Rawson, whose brother Herbert was in the Engineers' team. The Engineers, who represented the Corps of Royal Engineers regiment of the British army, had undertaken two weeks of special training before the match, an innovative concept in an era when little importance was placed on training, but were unable to field Alfred Goodwyn, considered to be their best back, as he had been posted to India earlier in the year. Oxford's players were not all students, as the team included Arthur Johnson, an ordained clergyman and Fellow of All Souls College. Around 2,000 spectators were in attendance, a smaller crowd than had attended the previous final.


1874 FA Cup Final, Match, Summary
Oxford won the coin toss and elected to begin the game defending the Harleyford Road end of the stadium. Charles Mackarness gave Oxford the lead after just ten minutes. Following an Oxford corner kick, a melee developed in front of the Engineers' goal, and the ball fell to Mackarness, who shot it over the crowd of players and past goalkeeper William Merriman. Frederick Patton doubled the lead ten minutes later after some skillful dribbling by captain Cuthbert Ottaway and Robert Vidal, who was nicknamed the "prince of dribblers" for his skill in that aspect of the game.


1874 FA Cup Final, Match, Summary
Oxford could have had a third goal when they managed to get the ball through the Engineers' goalposts, but the players did not appeal for the goal. At the time, as in cricket, the officials were not permitted to award a goal unless the players appealed for it, thus no goal was given. It is not recorded why the Oxford players never appealed. The best effort for the Engineers came when Henry Renny-Tailyour's shot struck the goalpost. Late in the game the "Sappers" mounted a series of attacks on the Oxford goal but were unable to score, being repeatedly thwarted by Nepean. Oxford thus won 2–0 and secured the cup.


1874 FA Cup Final, Post-match
As occurred each year until 1882, the winning team did not receive the trophy at the stadium on the day of the match, but later in the year at their annual dinner. The secretary of the Royal Engineers club, in his official report, stated that Oxford had thoroughly deserved their victory. Some time after the match, the Engineers discovered that Alfred Goodwyn, their absent star player, had died in India on the day of the final of injuries sustained in a fall from a horse.


1874 Falkirk Burghs by-election
The Falkirk Burghs by-election of 1874 was fought on 26 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the disqualification of the incumbent Liberal MP, John Ramsay, who held a government contract. It was retained by Ramsay.


1874 Franklin by-election
The 1874 Franklin by-election was a by-election held on 9 April 1874 in the Franklin electorate during the 5th New Zealand Parliament.


1874 Franklin by-election
The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Archibald Clark on 2 February 1874.


1874 Franklin by-election
At the nomination meeting, five candidates were nominated, four of whom were present and addressed the electors. The four were William Woodward, William Goodfellow, Joseph May, and Frank Henry Troupe. Joseph Dargaville was the candidate who was absent. Subsequent to the nomination meeting, Woodward sent a telegram of withdrawal and Dargaville also "retired", but both were included in the official results. The by-election was won by May.


1874 German federal election
Federal elections were held in Germany on 10 January 1874. The National Liberal Party remained the largest party in the Reichstag, with 147 of the 397 seats. Voter turnout was 61.2%.


1874 Glasgow and Aberdeen Universities by-election
The Glasgow and Aberdeen Universities by-election of 1874 was fought on 14 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Edward Strathearn Gordon, becoming Lord Advocate. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 Grand National
The 1874 Grand National was the 36th renewal of the world-famous Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England, on 26 March 1874.


1874 Greek legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Greece in June 1874. The United Opposition won 96 of the 190 seats. Dimitrios Voulgaris remained Prime Minister.


1874 Hackney by-election
The Hackney by-election of 1874 was fought on 24 April 1874. The byelection was fought due to the void Election of the incumbent Liberal MP, John Holms. It was retained by Holms.


1874 Hartford Dark Blues season
The Hartford Dark Blues were formed by Morgan Bulkeley and joined the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players for the 1874 season. They finished in seventh place in their debut.


1874 Hartford Dark Blues season, Player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In


1874 Harvard vs. McGill football game
The 1874 Harvard vs. McGill football game was a two-game series between the Harvard Crimson and the McGill Redmen held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on May 14 and 15, 1874.


1874 Harvard vs. McGill football game
With the first game being played under the Harvard's "Boston rules", the second one was the first rugby-style football game played in the United States. It used three periods or "games" and ended in a scoreless tie.


1874 Harvard vs. McGill football game
A Princeton vs. Rutgers football game had been played five years earlier (in 1869), but under a variation of England's The Football Association rules, closer to contemporary soccer than American football.


1874 Harvard vs. McGill football game, Overview
On October 20, 1873, representatives from Yale, Columbia, Princeton, and Rutgers met at the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York City to codify the first set of intercollegiate football rules. Before this meeting, each school had its own set of rules and games were usually played using the home team's own particular code. At this meeting, a list of rules, based more on association football than on rugby football, was drawn up for intercollegiate football games.


1874 Harvard vs. McGill football game, Overview
Harvard, which played the "Boston game", a version of football that allowed carrying, refused to attend this rules conference and continued to play under its own code. While Harvard's voluntary absence from the meeting made it hard for them to schedule games against other American universities, it agreed to a challenge to play McGill University, from Montreal, Canada, in a two-game series.


1874 Harvard vs. McGill football game, Overview
The McGill team traveled to Cambridge to meet Harvard. On May 14, 1874, the first game, played under "Boston" rules, was dominated by Harvard, which lead 3–0 after only 22 minutes when the game was ended. The next day, the two teams played under "McGill" rugby rules to a scoreless tie. The first game featured a round ball instead of a rugby-style oblong ball. McGill used a bladder covered by leather instead of a rubber ball as did Harvard, which was much more difficult to kick. This series of games represents an important milestone in the development of the modern game of American football. A similar game was played a year later between Harvard and Tufts establishing this as the first game between two American colleges played under rules used in today's version of American football.


1874 Harvard vs. McGill football game, Overview
At this time, the try was not used in American Football. The try would later evolve into the score known as the touchdown. In late 1874, the Harvard team traveled to Montreal to play McGill in rugby, and won by three tries in front of 2,000 spectators.


1874 Haverfordwest by-election
The Haverfordwest by-election of 1874 was fought on 12 June 1874. The byelection was fought due to the void election of the incumbent Liberal MP, The Lord Kensington. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 Honduran presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Honduras in 1874. The result was a victory for Ponciano Leiva.


1874 Honduran presidential election, Background
A dispute between President Céleo Arias and Salvadoran leader Santiago González led to Arias being forced to resign on 13 January after troops led by General Ponciano Leiva encircled Comayagua, where Arias was staying. Arias was subseuqently exiled for five years.


1874 Honduran presidential election, Background
Leiva called a national convention in April, which annulled the 1873 constitution and restored the 1865 document. On 29 April it declared Leiva president. His presidency was later confirmed in a public vote.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon
The 1874 Hong Kong Typhoon was the third worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong, striking during the night of September 22, 1874 and the morning of September 23, 1874.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Meteorological history
The Colony experienced a period of low pressure, typical of the eye of a typhoon. From 08:00 PM, winds raged and howled with ear-deafening sounds, alongside the painful cries of many people who had become homeless. The typhoon increased in strength steadily up to 02:15 AM on September 23. Modern analysis in 2017 indicated that this great typhoon passed approximately 50 to 60 km to the south of Hong Kong at its closest approach, similar to Hato in 2017. The typhoon began weakening after 03:00 AM.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Impact
In Guangdong, at least 10,000 people died in the storm, with some reporting up to 100,000.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Impact, Hong Kong
The typhoon hit Hong Kong with "unprecedented violence" and left no less than 2,000 people injured.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Impact, Hong Kong
Some adventurers went out to the Praya at 11:00 PM and found themselves knee deep in the water and risked being washed away by the waves hitting the shore. They were forced to retreat by 01:00 AM as the winds were reaching a new high. The East Point on Causeway Bay recorded a water level 4 feet above its average. Many stores and shops, even far away from the Praya waterfront were flooded and water damaged.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Impact, Hong Kong
The storm's two-hour impact had injured and killed many in the Colony. Telegraphic communication was interrupted and communication with Hong Kong island was cut for a time. The town had sustained great loss, its roads were deserted and strewn with debris, house roofs were ruined, windows shattered and walls fallen and cables and gas pipes were blown away and trees uprooted.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Impact, Macau
The small Portuguese colony received extreme damage from the typhoon. The barometer reported the pressure of 28 inHg (950 hPa). The damaged steamer Poyang arrived in Hong Kong, reporting that the city was destroyed. Buildings around Praia Grande were destroyed, leaving the coast with sand. The streets and houses in the colony were annihilated. Fortaleza do Monte was damaged, with a torn off roof and collapsed walls. St. Joseph's Seminary and Church was nearly destroyed, with two walls remaining. 300,000 patacas worth of goods were destroyed in the storm, tea and olive oil being the costliest.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Impact, Macau
It was estimated that over 5,000 people have died in Macau, and damages costs around 400,000 patacas. Around 2,000 ships were also sunk during the storm. The damage in the colony were reportedly worse than Paris during Franco-Prussian War, or the recent earthquake in the Philippines. It was considered the worst storm to hit Macau in history.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Aftermath
Most of the 37 ships in port were damaged and hundreds of fishing junks and sampans were either wrecked or broken up despite having sought shelter in the bay. At this time Hong Kong did not have its own weather observatory and many people were expecting the storm from a different direction, while others were caught off guard and either shipwrecked or lost their homes. A few false typhoon alerts had been announced earlier in the year.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Aftermath
The next morning, the Praya scene from west to east was heart-rending: one could easily find boats capsized and corpses floating and drifting on the water with some bodies washed ashore by the high tides.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Aftermath
The sizeable Stonecutters' Island Gaol was left in ruins and both the Police Courts and Victoria Gaol were unroofed. The damage overall was considered "incalculable".


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Aftermath
Ernst Eitel recounted how many of the European and Chinese houses were ruined and became roofless; big trees were unrooted and corpses were found in the ruins and started surfacing at the waterfront from the wrecked ships.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Aftermath
A visitor arriving on a steamer from Peking during the typhoon reported that the waterfront was nearly swept away, hardly a tree was left standing in the Botanical Gardens and many buildings were found roofless and in ruins. People were hastily burying the dead for the heat was intense and there was great concern over the outbreak of contagious diseases.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Aftermath
Following the incident, Brazilian astronomer Francisco Antônio de Almeida, in his 1879 account describes an episode of arson and looting at two warehouses in which foreigners were murdered, for which the two Chinese perpetrators were sentenced to death. Almeida also cites English newspapers of the time who estimated up to eight thousand people killed in the typhoon, many of them being Spanish families fleeing the Carlist Wars, and originally bound for the Philippines.


1874 Hong Kong typhoon, Controversy
Captain Superintendent of Police Walter Meredith Deane attracted severe criticism for ordering his men confined to barracks rather than to risk rescue of the crews on the wrecked vessels Leonor and Albay. Refusing calls for a public inquiry, Governor Sir Arthur Kennedy passed all papers on the matter to Secretary of State Lord Carnarvon who affirmed Kennedy's decision.


1874 Huntingdon by-election
The Huntingdon by-election of 1874 was fought on 16 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, John Burgess Karslake, becoming Attorney General for England and Wales. It was retained by the incumbent, who was unopposed.


1874 Invercargill mayoral election
The 1874 Invercargill mayoral election was held on 21 July 1874.


1874 Italian general election
The 1874 Italian general election was held in Italy on 8 November, with a second round of voting on 15 November. They were a snap election, called by Prime Minister Marco Minghetti to strengthen his majority.


1874 Italian general election
Only 571,939 men of a total population of around 28 million were entitled to vote. Right-wing candidates emerged as the largest bloc in Parliament with around 48% of the seats in Parliament. They were largely aristocrats representing rentiers from the north of the country, and held moderate political views including loyalty to the crown and low government spending.


1874 Italian general election, Electoral campaign
Prime Minister Marco Minghetti and his influent Minister of the Treasury Quintino Sella were involved into an ambitious program of budget which needed a strong majority, for which they tried to oblige the Independents to choose their side, beginning to build a two-party system as in the United Kingdom. However, in the Italian non-partisan political system, hugely affected by localism and corruption, their bet was equivalent to an all-in that afterwards they lost.


1874 Italian general election, Electoral campaign
The election did not give to Minghetti the advantage he was hoping, especially for the high support to the opposition in Southern Italy. His government survived, but the bipolarisation of the Parliament he had imposed, strengthened the Historical Left so that it could take the leadership of the country. Two years later, MPs from Tuscany became dissatisfied with the government after it refused to intervene in the financial problems of Florence. The government was defeated on a vote on nationalising railways on 18 March 1876 and was forced to resign. As a result, Agostino Depretis, leader of the left-wing bloc, became Prime Minister, with 414 of the 508 MPs supporting the government. Early elections were held in November.


1874 Kansas gubernatorial election
The 1874 Kansas gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1874. Incumbent Republican Thomas A. Osborn defeated Democratic nominee James C. Cusey with 56.41% of the vote.


1874 Kidderminster by-election
The Kidderminster by-election of 1874 was fought on 31 July 1874. The byelection was fought due to the void Election of the incumbent Conservative MP, Albert Grant. It was won by the Conservative candidate Sir William Fraser.


1874 Launceston by-election
The Launceston by-election of 1874 was fought on 3 July 1874. The byelection was fought due to the void Election of the incumbent Conservative MP, James Henry Deakin (senior). It was won by his son, the Conservative candidate James Henry Deakin (junior).


1874 Liverpool Town Council election
Elections to Liverpool Town Council were held on Monday 2 November 1874. One third of the council seats were up for election, the term of office of each councillor being three years.


1874 Liverpool Town Council election, Aldermanic Election
At the meeting of the Council on 9 November 1874, the terms of office of eight alderman expired.


1874 Liverpool Town Council election, Aldermanic Election
The following eight were elected as Aldermen by the Council (Aldermen and Councillors) on 9 November 1874 for a term of six years.


1874 Liverpool Town Council election, By-elections, Aldermanic By Election, 19 March 1875
The death of Alderman Thomas Cary (Conservative) was reported to the Council on 19 March 1875. William Bennett was elected as an alderman by the Council on 19 March 1875.


1874 Liverpool Town Council election, By-elections, No. 13, St. Anne Street, 9 July 1875
The death of Alderman James Tyrer (Conservative) was reported to the Council on 29 June 1875. Dr. John Stepford Taylor (Conservative, St. Anne Street, elected unopposed 1 November 1873) was elected as an alderman by the Council (Councillors and Aldermen) on 29 June 1875.


1874 Liverpool Town Council election, By-elections, No. 10, Rodney Street, 24 September 1875
Caused by the death of Councillor James Houghton (Conservative, Rodney Street, elected 1 November 1872).


1874 Liverpool Town Council election, By-elections, No. 11, Abercromby, 14 October 1875
The Death of Councillor Robertson Gladstone (Liberal, Abercromby, elected 1 November 1873) was reported to the Council on 6 October 1875.


1874 Liverpool Town Council election, By-elections, No. 14, West Derby, 21 October 1875
The Death of Councillor Francis Anderson Clint (Liberal, West Derby, elected 2 November 1874) was reported to the Council on 6 October 1875.


1874 Liverpool by-election
The Liverpool by-election of 1874 was fought on 14 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Viscount Sandon, becoming Vice-President of the Committee of the Council on Education. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1874 Maine gubernatorial election was held on September 14, 1874. Republican candidate Nelson Dingley Jr. defeated the Democratic candidate Joseph Titcomb.


1874 Manitoba general election
The 1874 Manitoba general election was held on December 30, 1874.


1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1874. Republican acting Governor Thomas Talbot, who took office after the resignation of William B. Washburn, was defeated by Democrat William Gaston, a former Mayor of Boston.


1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
Gaston was the first Democrat elected Governor since George S. Boutwell in 1852 and received the largest share of the vote for any Democrat in the state since the party's founding in 1828.


1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Campaign
Talbot, who had only become acting Governor in April, was by no means guaranteed re-nomination by the Republicans. No candidate, including Talbot, actively sought office, but a number of alternatives were mentioned. Among those suggested were Alexander H. Rice, Henry L. Dawes, George Frisbie Hoar, and Henry L. Pierce. Talbot was thought of as the weakest Republican candidate possible on the basis of his vetoes of liquor regulation; even the prohibitionist governors William Claflin and William Washburn had accepted a tacit agreement that they would not override the legislature's will on liquor.


1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Campaign
A proposal was made for Talbot to run for Congress in the vacant seat of Ebenezer R. Hoar, with Rice running for Governor, and Henry L. Dawes for U.S. Senate. Talbot rejected this plan, as did opponents of Rice and Dawes.


1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Campaign
Representative Benjamin Butler, a kingmaker in Massachusetts politics, largely stayed out of the race.


1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, Republican nomination, Convention
At the Republican convention in Worcester on October 7, Talbot was nominated on the first ballot with the support of Dawes and Hoar. Some suggested that their support was exchanged for Talbot's endorsement of Dawes for U.S. Senate in the coming 1875 election.


1874 Massachusetts legislature
The 95th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1874 during the governorships of William B. Washburn and Thomas Talbot. George B. Loring served as president of the Senate and John E. Sanford served as speaker of the House.


1874 Mayo by-election
The Mayo by-election of 1874 was fought on 29 May 1874. The byelection was fought due to the void Election of the incumbent Home Rule MP, George Ekins Browne. It was retained by Browne.


1874 McGill Redmen football team
The 1874 McGill Redmen football team represented the McGill Redmen during the 1874 college football season. The only game McGill played was a rematch with Harvard under McGill's rugby football rules in Montreal.


1874 Michigan gubernatorial election
The 1874 Michigan gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1874. Incumbent Republican John J. Bagley defeated Democratic nominee Henry Chamberlain with 50.37% of the vote.


1874 Mid Surrey by-election
The Mid Surrey by-election of 1874 was fought on 16 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Richard Baggallay, becoming Solicitor General for England and Wales. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 Midhurst by-election
The Midhurst by-election of 1874 was fought on 23 September 1874. The byelection was fought due to the succession to a peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, Charles Perceval. It was won by the Conservative candidate Sir Henry Holland.


1874 Missouri gubernatorial election
The 1874 Missouri gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1874 and resulted in a victory for the Democratic nominee, Charles Henry Hardin, over the Republican candidate, William Gentry.


1874 Monmouthshire by-election
The Monmouthshire by-election of 1874 was fought on 17 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Lord Henry Somerset, becoming Comptroller of the Household. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 NYU Violets football team
The 1874 NYU Violets football team represented New York University in the 1874 college football season.


1874 New Brunswick general election
The 1874 New Brunswick general election was held in May and June 1874, to elect 41 members to the 23rd New Brunswick Legislative Assembly, the governing house of the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The election was held before the adoption of party labels.


1874 New Brunswick general election
Of forty-one MLAs, thirty-five supported the government, five formed the opposition, and one was neutral.


1874 New Brunswick general election
The main issue in the election was the Common Schools Act passed in 1871. Roman Catholics and Acadians, in particular, were opposed to the legislation because it banned religious instruction in publicly funded schools. In the 1874 election, support for the government implied support for the Common Schools Act.


1874 New Jersey gubernatorial election
The 1874 New Jersey gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1874. Democratic nominee Joseph D. Bedle defeated Republican nominee George A. Halsey with 53.65% of the vote.


1874 New Shoreham by-election
The New Shoreham by-election of 1874 was fought on 13 March 1874. The byelection was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Stephen Cave, becoming Judge Advocate General. It was retained by the incumbent.


1874 New York Mutuals season
The New York Mutuals baseball team finished second in the  National Association in 1874.


1874 New York Mutuals season, Player stats, Batting
Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home Runs; RBI = Runs Batted In