1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Hats and headgear
Linen caps called coifs were worn under the fur cap, hood or hat.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Hats and headgear
In warmer climates including Italy and Spain, hair was more often worn uncovered, braided or twisted with ribbons and pinned up, or confined in a net. A Spanish style of the later 15th century was still worn in this period: the hair was puffed over the ears before being drawn back at chin level into a braid or wrapped twist at the nape.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Hats and headgear
First-time brides wore their hair loose, in token of virginity, and a wreath or chaplet of orange blossoms was traditional. A jeweled wreath with enameled "orange blossoms" was sometimes worn.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Jewellery and accessories
Women of wealth wore gold chains and other precious jewellery; collar-like necklaces called carcanets, earrings, bracelets, rings, and jewelled pins. Bands of jeweller's work were worn as trim by the nobility, and would be moved from dress to dress and reused. Large brooches were worn to pin overpartlets to the dress beneath.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Jewellery and accessories
Dress hooks, of silver gilt for the wealthy and of base metal for the lower classes, were worn to loop up skirts.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Jewellery and accessories
A fashionable accessory was the zibellino, the pelt of a sable or marten worn draped at the neck or hanging at the waist; some costume historians call these "flea furs". The most expensive zibellini had faces and paws of goldsmith's work with jewelled eyes.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Jewellery and accessories
However, not all women or men were allowed to wear jewellery because of the sumptuary laws that restricted wearing certain types of jewellery and luxurious fabrics, such as purple velvet, to first royalty and then nobility. The newly wealthy merchant classes who were not aristocrats could not wear jewellery on their clothing or fabrics restricted to nobles.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Jewellery and accessories
Gloves of soft leather had short, sometimes slashed, cuffs and were perfumed.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Beauty Ideals
Portraits produced during the Renaissance provide an invaluable resource for visualizing and understanding the beauty ideals of the period. Sandro Botticelli's Venus and Mars, painted between 1480-1490 depicts Venus as the ultimate amalgamation of female physical beauty. Her face is perfectly symmetrical, her skin is unblemished and pure white, her hair is light in colour and slightly waved, her forehead is high, her eyebrows are severely arched, her lips are red and full and her abdomen and hips protrude slightly under her thin garment.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Beauty Ideals
Women sometimes applied toxic substances to their faces and chests such as mercury, alum, and ceruse to lighten the skin and remove freckles, as the ideal was loosely 'natural'. However, these products, such as ceruse, a lead derivative, severely irritated the skin, leaving women's faces blemished and burned. Although safer alternatives existed, women preferred the consistency and coverage offered by ceruse. Not all cosmetics were dangerous, many women relied on lotions and balms containing almonds, olive oil, lemon juice, bread crumbs, eggs, honey, rosewater and snake fat to clarify and cleanse the skin.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Beauty Ideals
Red lips and rosy cheeks were achieved primarily through the application of vermilion; ceruse mixed with organic dyes such as henna and cochineal (a powder made from the ground exoskeleton of insects). In Italy especially, women sought to achieve the light tresses that were viewed as the ideal. Women applied mixtures of lemon juice, alum and white wine and sat in the sun to lighten their hair. In order to produce loose curls, women wrapped hair saturated in gum arabic or beer around clay curlers.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Women's fashion, Beauty Ideals
Finally, the appearance of a high forehead was achieved by plucking hairs along the hairline, and severely arching or removing the eyebrows altogether. Although at this time, women could not cosmetologically alter the symmetry of their face, or the structure of their nose in order to obtain the ideal, the products available allowed them to come close.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Men's fashion, Overview
Early in this period, men's silhouette was long and narrow, but gradually it grew wider until by the later reign of Henry the VIII the silhouette was almost square, with shoulder emphasis achieved through wide revers and collars and large sleeves.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Men's fashion, Overview
From the 1530s, a narrower silhouette became popular under Spanish influence. Collars were higher and tighter. Shoulders lost their padding and developed a slight slope. Doublet sleeves became fuller rather than tight. Jerkins closed to the neck; their skirts were shorter and slightly flared rather than full, and they displayed more of the hose. Overall the fashion was more rigid and restrained.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Men's fashion, Overview
Lower-class men wore a one-piece garment called a cotte in English, tight to the waist with knee-length skirts and long sleeves over their hose.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Men's fashion, Overview
Bright colors (reds, yellows, purples, pinks, and greens) were popular.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Men's fashion, Overview
Matthäus Schwarz compiled a Klaidungsbüchlein or Trachtenbuch (usually translated as "Book of Clothes"), a book cataloguing the clothing that he wore between 1520 and 1560. The book contains color illustrations focused on Schwarz's individual clothing history.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Men's fashion, Hairstyles and headgear
A variety of hats were worn in the period. The German 'barett, with its turned-up brim, was fashionable throughout the period, and a similar hat with a turned-up round or "halo" brim was popular in the court of Henry VIII. The flat hat combined a low, gathered crown with a circular brim and was worn in mid-century.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Footwear
Style in men's and women's footwear was the same in this period. Shoes for men and women were flat, and often slashed and fastened with a strap across the instep. They were made of soft leather, velvet, or silk. Broad, squared toes were worn early, and were replaced by rounded toes in the 1530s. Toward the middle of the century, shoes became narrower and were shaped naturally to the foot. Soft boots for riding fitted to mid-calf.


1500–1550 in Western European fashion, Children's fashion
As shown in the images below, children's clothing was mostly smaller versions of adult clothing, complete with low necklines and cumbersome underthings. Children of the nobility must have had limited freedom of movement to play and romp because of the restrictive clothing they wore. Toddler boys wore gowns until they were breeched.


1501
Year 1501 (MDI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1501 Broadway
1501 Broadway, also known as the Paramount Building, is a 33-story, 391-foot (119 m) office building on Times Square between West 43rd and 44th Streets in the Theater District neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. Completed in 1927, it once housed the Paramount Theatre. It was designated a New York City Landmark in 1988.


1501 Broadway, History
Paramount Pictures, one of the major American motion picture companies in the 1920s, built its headquarters at the 1501 Broadway location along with a cinematic theatre. Construction lasted between 1926 and 1927, costing $13.5 million. At the time of its completion, it was the tallest building in Times Square, and once sported an observation deck.


1501 Broadway, History
Paramount president Adolph Zukor had acquired a controlling interest in the Chicago-based Balaban and Katz theatre chain, and with it the services of Sam Katz, who became the head of Paramount's theatre division. Balaban and Katz had a long working relationship with the Chicago architectural firm Rapp and Rapp (C. W Rapp and George L. Rapp), which had designed numerous theaters for his company in the Midwest. They later hired the firm to design their new Manhattan flagship theater and office tower. The Rapp brothers created a thirty-three story office tower which was influenced by the Art Deco style, and a theatre in the palatial Neo-Renaissance style behind it.


1501 Broadway, History
In 1922, Paramount Pictures had purchased the Putnam Building. Construction of the building began on November 1925. The Paramount Theatre opened on November 19, 1926.


1501 Broadway, History
With the spin-off of the theater units in 1950 as United Paramount Theatre, Inc. (UPT) the building became the UPT's headquarters being leased along with the theater from Paramount Pictures. The building continued as American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres's headquarters after UPT's merger with ABC. The theater closed in 1964 under UPT ownership only to be reopened later that year under new ownership, while ABC moved to the ABC Building at 1330 Avenue of the Americas in 1965. The theater was dismantled in 1967.


1501 Broadway, History
Today, the Paramount Building is known for its large four-faced clock near the top of the pyramidal architectural feature, with the hours denoted by twelve five-pointed stars (forming a circle of stars as used in the Paramount Pictures logo), topped by an ornamental glass globe. At the outset of World War II, the globe and clock were painted black to maintain blackout conditions for fear of an enemy invasion; they were restored in 1996.


1501 Broadway, Design
The ceilings were painted with a fresco and gilded, while the railings were manufactured from brass. There were Greek statues and busts carved in wall niches, while the restrooms and waiting rooms were grandiose in style in comparison to cathedrals at the time. The highlight of the decor was an enormous crystal chandelier in the main lobby. The theatre, with 3,664 seats, was located at the rear of the building and served as the company's flagship venue where its major films would be premiered.


1501 Broadway, Design
The theatre entrance at the front of the Paramount Building is marked by a five-story arch on Broadway with an elaborate curved marquee, which was restored in 2007. A long gallery passed from there through the office building to reach the theatre itself, which occupied the rear of the building in the middle of the block between 43rd and 44th streets. This structure included a long grand lobby along the south end which opened into the auditorium facing a stage at the north end.


1501 Broadway, Design
The lobby was modeled after the Paris Opera House with white marble columns, balustrades and an opening arms grand staircase. Within the auditorium, the drapes were colored in red velvet and the rugs were designed in a similar red. The interior of it was very high but somewhat shallow as necessitated by its allotted space. In addition, a large orchestra pit could be raised and lowered from the basement for theatric use.


1501 McGill College
Le 1501 McGill College, also known as La Tour McGill, is a 158 m (518 ft), 36-storey skyscraper in Downtown Montreal. Named for its address at 1501 McGill College Avenue, it was completed in 1992 at the same time as the city's two tallest buildings, 1000 de La Gauchetière and 1250 René-Lévesque. It is connected to the McGill Metro station via the Underground City.


1501 McGill College, Architecture
Designed by WZMH Architects, the building's postmodern form features a glass curtain wall that varies between blue and green depending on sunlight. The top 4 floors form a pyramid-shaped mechanical penthouse that is lit white at night. At certain times of year, it is lit with a colour (or colours) relating to a holiday or event.


1501 McGill College, Architecture
For example, it is lit white, green and red during the Christmas holidays (in a similar manner to the Empire State Building), purple and yellow for Easter, orange for Halloween, green for Saint Patrick's Day, red for Valentine's Day, and, as of April 2011, blue, white and red to support the Montreal Canadiens during the Stanley Cup playoffs.


1501 in India
The following lists events that happened during 1501 in India.


1501 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1501.


1501 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1501 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1501 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1501 in science
The year 1501 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed below.


15017 Cuppy
15017 Cuppy, provisional designation 1998 SS25, is a Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 2 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 September 1998, by the Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search (LONEOS) at its Anderson Mesa Station, Arizona, United States. The asteroid was named for American humorist Will Cuppy.


15017 Cuppy, Orbit and classification
Cuppy orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 7 months (1,296 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.16 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins 7 years prior to its official discovery observation, with a precovery taken at Palomar Observatory in October 1991.


15017 Cuppy, Physical characteristics
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Cuppy measures 1.8 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.50. This is in line with a generic absolute magnitude-to-diameter conversion, which gives a diameter of approximately 2 kilometers for an absolute magnitude of 15.6 and an assumed albedo of 0.2 to 0.25, which is typical for stony asteroids of the inner asteroid belt. As of 2017, Cuppy's composition, rotation period and shape remain unknown.


15017 Cuppy, Naming
This minor planet was named in memory of American literary critic and humorist, Will Cuppy (1884–1949). He is known for his satirical books The Decline and Fall of Practically Everybody, How to Attract the Wombat, How to Become Extinct and How to Tell Your Friends from the Apes. The name was proposed by M. Walter. The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 10 September 2003 (M.P.C. 49675).


1501st Air Transport Wing
The 1501st Air Transport Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit, being inactivated on 8 January 1966.


1501st Air Transport Wing
The 1501st Air Transport Wing was a heavy cargo transport wing of the Military Air Transport Service (MATS), formed on 1 June 1948. The unit was originally designated as the 530th Air Transport Wing and assigned to the MATS Pacific Division. The wing was stationed at Travis Air Force Base, California.


1501st Air Transport Wing
The 1501st was discontinued on 8 January 1966 as part of the replacement of MATS by Military Airlift Command. Its aircraft, personnel and equipment were transferred to the Military Airlift Command 60th Military Airlift Wing, which was activated at Travis the same day.


1501st Air Transport Wing, History
Established on 1 June 1948 concurrent with the activation of the Military Air Transport Service; assumed responsibility for mission previously carried out by the Air Transport Command by transporting cargo and personnel to destinations within Far East Air Force and to the Continental United States.


1501st Air Transport Wing, History
Also operated MATS West Coast's aerial embarkation and debarkation point. C-118 Liftmasters and C-121 Constellations were common sights in the 1950s, while C-135 Stratolifters and C-141 Starlifters were used in the 1960 for passenger transport, mostly to destinations in Southeast Asia or Japan. Many soldiers, sailors, airmen or marines returned to the United States from the Vietnam War via the Travis Aerial Port.


1501st Air Transport Wing, History
The 530th Air Transport Group was organized from a consolidation of the Air Transport Command (ATC) Eastern Pacific Wing and Naval Air Transport Squadrons. Its first commander was Brigadier General Harold Q. Huglin. It was initially equipped with four squadrons of C-54 Skymasters that could reach the Continental US, but required intermediate stopovers along the Pacific Transport Routes to stations as far as Pakistan. However, the demands of the Berlin Airlift for C-54s led to two of the group's squadrons being deployed to Germany in July 1948. Unit was redesignated as 1501st Air Transport Wing in October 1948 and assigned transport squadrons were also redesignated in a MATS reorganization.


1501st Air Transport Wing, History
In May 1949, Fairfield-Suisun was realigned from MATS to Strategic Air Command jurisdiction, and all of the Wing's squadrons were reassigned to the 1500 ATW at Hickam AFB on 30 June. Wing was reduced to a group level and operated an Aeromedical Transport Squadron.


1501st Air Transport Wing, History
In 1953, large-scale MATS operations were resumed when five C-97 Stratofreighter squadrons were activated. Returned to wing status in 1955. C-97 squadrons reduced to four in 1955 due to finding reductions. 75th & 85th ATS replaced C-97s with C-124 Globemaster IIs in 1957. 84th ATS re-equipped with C-133 Cargomasters in 1957. 47th ATS reassigned from Hickam in 1957 with C-97s.


1501st Air Transport Wing, History
22d Air Force arrived from Kelly AFB, TX, 25 June 1958 and the base's primary mission reverted to global airlift activities when MATS resumed jurisdiction. 1501 ATW was also reassigned to the Western Transport Air Force on 1 July 1958. Both 47th and 55th ATS inactivated in 1960, C-97s reassigned to reserves.


1501st Air Transport Wing, History
44th ATS activated in 1961 with jet C-135 Stratolifters. 86th ATW activated in 1963 with extended-range MATS C-130E Hercules. The 1501st ATW was inactivated on 8 January 1966 as part of the inactivation of MATS, its aircraft, personnel and equipment being assigned to the Military Airlift Command 60th Military Airlift Wing.


1502
Year 1502 (MDII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1502 in Ireland
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Sarah777 (talk | contribs) at 21:17, 19 November 2019 (rem stub tag). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1502 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1502.


1502 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1502 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1502 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1502 in science
The year 1502 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed below.


1502d Air Transport Wing
The 1502d Air Transport Wing is a discontinued United States Air Force unit, last assigned to Western Transport Air Force in January 1966. The 1502d ATW was a heavy cargo transport wing of the Military Air Transport Service (MATS), formed at Hickam AFB on 1 July 1955.


1502d Air Transport Wing, History
The wing was organized in mid-1955 with five C-97 squadrons established; squadrons again redesignated as part of the Wing realignment. In 1955 two squadrons were upgraded to very heavy lift C-124 Globemaster II which gave the wing a worldwide airlift capability. Also beginning in 1955, the wing operated VC-97s for VIP/Special Air Mission flights supporting HQ Far East Air Force (Rear). later HQ Pacific Air Forces, 1957–1966.


1502d Air Transport Wing, History
The 1502nd Air Transport Wing Rodeo team under the command of Major Joe Lodrige win the 1962 Military Air Transport Service Rodeo at Scott Air Force Base, Ill. The C-124 team from Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii, devised a new airdrop system to use in that first active-duty Rodeo, which helped them claim the title of the "best of the best. Several members of the 1502nd including Major Lodrige, went on to very distinguished service flying in the elite 89th Airlift Wing stationed at Andrews Air Force Base flying our nation's most senior civilian and military leaders to locations around the globe.


1502d Air Transport Wing, History
The wing assumed responsibility for aircraft and personnel of 1503d Air Transport Group at Tachikawa Air Base, Japan in 1964 when 1503d reduced from Wing to Group level. The 1503d was a support organization and had no flying units assigned despite its name. The wing remained flying worldwide transport missions with the Globemasters until 1966 when MATS was inactivated and the wing assets were transferred to the Military Airlift Command 61st Military Airlift Wing.


1503
Year 1503 (MDIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1503 Kuopio
1503 Kuopio, provisional designation 1938 XD, is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 December 1938, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland. The asteroid was named for the Finnish town of Kuopio.


1503 Kuopio, Orbit and classification
Kuopio is a member of the Eunomia family (502), a prominent family of stony S-type asteroid and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.3–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,553 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.


1503 Kuopio, Orbit and classification
The body's observation arc begins with its first identification as 1935 EF at Yerkes Observatory in March 1935, more than 3 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.


1503 Kuopio, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
Several rotational lightcurves of Kuopio were obtained from photometric observations since 2001. Analysis of these lightcurves gave a rotation period between 9.577 and 9.98 hours with a brightness variation of 0.01 to 0.05 magnitude (U=3/3/2/2/3).


1503 Kuopio, Physical characteristics, Poles
In 2011 and 2013, a modeled lightcurve using data from the Uppsala Asteroid Photometric Catalogue (UAPC) and other sources was published. In both studies, the modeled lightcurve gave a concurring period 9.9586 hours. The 2013-publication also determined two spin axis of (170.0°, −86.0°) and (27.0°, −61.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β) (U=n.a. ).


1503 Kuopio, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Kuopio measures between 18.43 and 22.99 kilometers in diameter  and its surface has an albedo between 0.223 and 0.399.


1503 Kuopio, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.3243 and a diameter of 18.54 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.5.


1503 Kuopio, Naming
This minor planet was named after the town of Kuopio in central Finland. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3928).


1503 in Italy
An incomplete list of events which happened in Italy in 1503:


1503 in Italy
The Battle of Ruvo was fought on 23 February 1503 between a Spanish army under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba and Diego de Mendoza and a French army commanded by Jacques de la Palice. The battle was part of the Second Italian War and was fought at the town of Ruvo in the Province of Bari, modern-day Italy. The result was a Spanish victory.


1503 in Italy
The Challenge of Barletta (Italian: Disfida di Barletta) was a battle fought near Barletta, southern Italy, on February 13, 1503, on the plains between Corato and Andria.


1503 in Scotland
Events from the year 1503 in the Kingdom of Scotland.


1503 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1503.


1503 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1503 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1503 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1503 in science
The year 1503 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed below.


1503d Air Transport Wing
The 1503d Air Transport Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to Western Transport Air Force of Military Air Transport Service at Tachikawa Air Base, Japan. It was inactivated on 22 June 1964 and its remaining squadron transferred to the 1503d Air Transport Group.


1503d Air Transport Wing, History
The wing was first organized in at Haneda Air Base in June 1948 as the  540th Air Transport Wing by Military Air Transport Service (MATS). Along with its subordinate units, it replaced the 22d Air Transport Group (Provisional) and absorbed the personnel and equipment of the 1539th Air Force Base Unit of Air Transport Command, which had been stationed at Haneda since the summer of 1946. The wing was soon renamed the 1503d Air Transport Wing to comply with United States Air Force requirements that MATS units be numbered between 1200 and 2199.


1503d Air Transport Wing, History
The 1503d became the main MATS organization in the Western Pacific, supporting numerous tenant organizations such as the Air Rescue Service; Air Weather Service, and Far East Air Force theater Troop Carrier Groups (later Wings) which transshipped supplies and personnel from the MATS Aerial Port at Tachikawa throughout the 1950s.


1503d Air Transport Wing, History
The first major mission by the 1503d was the evacuation of large numbers of Americans out of China in 1948 after the Communists defeated the Chinese Nationalist forces during the Chinese Civil War.


1503d Air Transport Wing, History
The Korean War saw operations increase, with Troop Carrier units carrying out the evacuation of American civilians and then transporting the torrent of Allied military men and material flowing into the war zone. Around the clock planes arrived and departed. A typical flight might carry 35,000 pounds of hand grenades to South Korea, with 80 wounded personnel arriving to be transported to the USAF Hospital on the base. For thousands of servicemen whose tours took them into, through or out of Tachikawa, the USAF hospital became the best barometer of American military activities in the Far East.


1503d Air Transport Wing, History
MATS flights arriving on C-118, C-121, C-124, and later C-135 jet transports from Hickam Field, Hawaii or being staged through Alaska. From Tachikawa, outbound MATS flights headed to Clark Air Base heading to Saigon, Bangkok, and on to Karachi Airport, Pakistan or to Guam, Wake or Midway Island in the Central Pacific Region.


1503d Air Transport Wing, History
As United States military forces began to increase in Indochina, more and more equipment moved into first Tan Son Nhut Air Base in South Vietnam, then to Don Muang Royal Thai Air Force Base, near Bangkok, and in early 1965 to the huge new Cam Ranh Air Base with the jet C-141 Starlifter transports.


1503d Air Transport Wing, History
In 1964, operations from Tachikawa began to phase down as its location in the urban area of Tokyo made heavy transport operations undesirable, with more and more heavy transport operations going to Yokota Air Base. The 1503d was discontinued and replaced by the 1503d Air Transport Group, and focused more on aeromedical transport operations from the Philippines, and supporting MATS units at deployed locations in the Pacific.


1504
Year 1504 (MDIV) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1504 Lappeenranta
1504 Lappeenranta, provisional designation 1939 FM, is a stony background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 23 March 1939, by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory, and named after the city of Lappeenranta in Finland.


1504 Lappeenranta, Orbit and classification
Lappeenranta is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 2.0–2.8 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,358 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.16 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins four nights prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.


1504 Lappeenranta, Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, Lappeenranta is a common S-type asteroid. Pan-STARRS photometric survey has also characterized it as an S-type.


1504 Lappeenranta, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
Lappeenranta has an ambiguous rotation period. Recent photometric observations gave a period of 15.16 and 15.190 hours with a brightness variation of 0.09 and 0.22 magnitude, respectively (U=2/2+), while Richard Binzel obtained a period of 10.44 hours and an amplitude of 0.29 magnitude in the mid-1980s (U=2). An alternative period of 8 hours, which was measured by Laurent Bernasconi and Fernand van den Abbeel (2002) as well as by René Roy (2006), has been superseded (U=1/1).


1504 Lappeenranta, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Lappeenranta measures between 11.336 and 13.35 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1939 and 0.434.


1504 Lappeenranta, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1765 and a diameter of 12.65 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.99.


1504 Lappeenranta, Naming
This minor planet was named after the city of Lappeenranta in southeastern Finland. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3928).


1504 in Scotland
Events from the year 1504 in the Kingdom of Scotland.


1504 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1504.


1504 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1504 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1504 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1504 in science
The year 1504 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed below.


1505
Year 1505 (MDV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1505 Koranna
1505 Koranna, provisional designation 1939 HH, is a stony Eunomia asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 21 April 1939, by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was named for the native Koranna people of South Africa.


1505 Koranna, Orbit and classification
Koranna is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements. The asteroid has also been classified as a member of the Eunomia family (502), a prominent family of stony S-type asteroid and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members.


1505 Koranna, Orbit and classification
It orbits the Sun in the central main belt at a distance of 2.3–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 4 months (1,584 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid was first identified in June 1935 as 1935 MD at Simeiz Observatory on Crimea, where the body's observation arc begins the following month on July 1935.


1505 Koranna, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
Between 2088 and 2013, three rotational lightcurves of Koranna have been obtained from photometric observations. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 4.45, 4.451 and 4.452 hours with a brightness variation of 0.70, 0.55 and 0.53, respectively magnitude (U=2+/3/2). A high brightness amplitude typically indicates that the body has an elongated, non-spherical shape.


1505 Koranna, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Koranna measures between 20.46 and 22.83 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.082 and 0.127. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1209 and a diameter of 21.00 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.3.


1505 Koranna, Naming
This minor planet was named after the native Koranna people, better known as the Griqua people of South Africa. The tribe of wandering San people (Bushman) lives in the southern part of the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center in April 1953 (M.P.C. 909).


1505 Lo Mustang earthquake
The 1505 Lo Mustang earthquake occurred on 6 June 1505 and had an estimated magnitude between 8.2 and 8.8 making it one of the largest earthquakes in Nepalese history. The earthquake killed an approximate 30 percent of the Nepalese population at the time. The earthquake was located in northern Nepal, and affected southern China.


1505 in Norway, Deaths
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1505 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1505.


1505 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1505 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1505 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1505 in science
The year 1505 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed below.


1506
Year 1506 (MDVI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1506 Xosa
1506 Xosa, provisional designation 1939 JC, is a stony asteroid and slow rotator from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 13 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 May 1939, by English-born, South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Johannesburg Observatory in South Africa. It is named for the Xhosa people.


1506 Xosa, Orbit and classification
The S-type asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.9–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 2 months (1,507 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic. Xosa's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation, as no precoveries were taken and no prior identifications were made.


1506 Xosa, Physical characteristics, Slow rotator
In Fall 2010, lightcurve photometry by Brian Warner and at the Palomar Transient Factory revealed that Xosa is a slow rotator with a notably long rotation period of 292 and 298 hours and a brightness variation of 0.70 and 0.42 magnitude, respectively (U=2+/2). It also seems to be in a non-principal axis rotation (NPAR), colloquially called as "tumbling". However, observations are insufficient to determine the body's tumbling, or to rule out a non-tumbling state (T0). These observations superseded previous periods obtained in 2001 and 2005 (U=1/1).


1506 Xosa, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Xosa measures 13.96 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.157, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 11.83 kilometers using an absolute magnitude of 12.0.


1506 Xosa, Naming
This minor planet was named after the Xhosa (formerly spelled "Xosa"), a Bantu ethnic group of native people in south-east South Africa, and who came into early contact with the white settlers. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center in April 1953 (M.P.C. 909).


1506 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1506.


1506 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1506 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1506 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1506 in science
The year 1506 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.


1507
Year 1507 (MDVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1507 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1507.


1507 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1507 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1507 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1507 in science
The year 1507 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.


1508
Year 1508 (MDVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1508 Kemi
1508 Kemi, provisional designation 1938 UP, is an eccentric, carbonaceous asteroid and one of the largest Mars-crossers, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Heikki Alikoski at Turku Observatory in 1938, the asteroid was later named after the Finnish town of Kemi and the Kemi River.


1508 Kemi, Discovery
Kemi was discovered on 21 October 1938, by Finnish astronomer Heikki Alikoski at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, Finland. It was independently discovered by Hungarian astronomer György Kulin at Konkoly Observatory near Budapest on 30 October 1938. The Minor Planet Center, however, only acknowledges the first discoverer. The asteroid was first identified as 1935 FA at Uccle Observatory in March 1935.


1508 Kemi, Orbit and classification
Kemi is a Mars-crossing asteroid as it crosses the orbit of Mars at 1.666 AU. Because of its high inclination, it has been grouped with the Pallas family (801), an asteroid family of bright carbonaceous asteroids, as well as with the "Phaethon group", despite its untypical spectrum.


1508 Kemi, Orbit and classification
It orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.6–3.9 AU once every 4 years and 7 months (1,685 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.42 and an inclination of 29° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Uccle in May 1935, more than 3 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.


1508 Kemi, Physical characteristics
In the SMASS classification, Kemi is a common carbonaceous C-type asteroid. In the Tholen classification, the body's spectral type is ambiguous (BCF), closest to that of a bright carbonaceous B-type and somewhat similar to a C- and F-type asteroid.


1508 Kemi, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
Several rotational lightcurves of Kemi have been obtained from photometric observations since the 1990s. Analysis of the lightcurves gave a consolidated rotation period of 9.196 hours with a brightness variation between of 0.25 and 0.55 magnitude (U=2/3/3/2).


1508 Kemi, Physical characteristics, Poles
In 2016, an international study modeled a lightcurve with a concurring period of 9.19182 hours. It also determined two spin axis at (352.0°, 72.0°) and (166.0°, 73.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).


1508 Kemi, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Kemi measures between 15.78 and 17.98 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.084 and 0.11. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 21.86 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.03.


1508 Kemi, Naming
This minor planet was named after the Finnish town of Kemi and the Kemi River (Kemijoki), the largest river in Finland, on which the town lies. The naming agrees with the established pattern of giving high-inclination asteroids four-letter names. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3928).


1508 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1508.


1508 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1508 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1508 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1508 in science
The year 1508 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here.


1509
Year 1509 (MDIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1509 Constantinople earthquake
The 1509 Constantinople earthquake or historically Kıyamet-i Sugra ('Little Judgment Day') occurred in the Sea of Marmara on 10 September 1509 at about 10 p.m. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.2 ± 0.3 on the surface wave magnitude scale. A tsunami and forty-five days of aftershocks followed the earthquake. The death toll of this earthquake is poorly known, with estimates in the range of 1,000 to 13,000.


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Background
The Sea of Marmara is a pull-apart basin formed at a releasing bend in the North Anatolian Fault, a right-lateral strike-slip fault. This local zone of extension occurs where this transform boundary between the Anatolian Plate and the Eurasian Plate steps northwards to the west of Izmit from the Izmit Fault to the Ganos Fault. The pattern of faults within the Sea of Marmara basin is complex but near Istanbul there is a single main fault segment with a sharp bend. To the west, the fault trends west–east and is pure strike-slip in type. To the east, the fault is NW-SE trending and shows evidence of both normal and strike-slip motion. Movement on this fault, which bounds the Çınarcık Basin, was the most likely cause of the 1509 event.


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Damage
The area of significant damage (greater than VII (Very strong)) extended from Çorlu in the west to Izmit in the east. Galata and Büyükçekmece also suffered severe damage. In Constantinople 109 mosques were utterly destroyed, while most of those left standing suffered damage to their minarets. While 1070 homes collapsed, 49 towers along the Walls of Constantinople also collapsed or were damaged. The newly built Bayezid II Mosque was badly damaged; the main dome was destroyed and a minaret collapsed. The Fatih Mosque suffered damage to its four great columns and the dome was split.


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Damage
The quake also damaged the Rumeli Fortress, Anadolu Fortress, the Yoros Castle in Anadolu Kavağı, and the Maiden's Tower. The Grand Mosque of Hagia Sophia survived almost unscathed, although a minaret collapsed. Inside the mosque, the plaster that had been used to cover up the Byzantine mosaics inside the dome fell off, revealing the Christian images.


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Damage
The number of dead and injured is hard to estimate, with different sources giving accounts varying from 1,000 to 13,000. It is believed that some members of the Ottoman dynasty died in this earthquake. Aftershocks continued for 45 days after the earthquake, and people were unable to return to their homes for two months. Ottoman Turks felt that doomsday had arrived. Indeed, the quake was so destructive for Constantinople that historians referred to it as “Kıyamet-i Sugra” or “Little Doomsday.”


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Aftermath
The earthquake was allegedly predicted by an unnamed Greek monk from Saint Catherine's Monastery in Sinai while present in the Sultan's court. European interpretations at the time viewed the earthquake as a sort of punishment, a punishment from God set upon the Turks for taking up arms against European Christians. Similarly, Bayezid II saw it as a punishment from God, however he attributed the punishment to the wrongdoings of his ministers.


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Aftermath
The sultan’s residence Topkapı Palace was not damaged but Bayezid II’s bedroom collapsed at the tremor, with the sultan only saved by the fact he had left his chambers only hours earlier. After staying for ten days in a tent set up in the palace garden, Bayezid II went to stay in former capital of Edirne.


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Aftermath
The Ottoman Imperial Council (Divan-ı Hümayun) convened after the quake and made decisions to deal with the effects of the disaster. Constantinople had to be reconstructed and an additional tax of 22 akçe would be taken from each household for the task, it was decided. Afterward, an empire-wide initiative was launched to reconstruct the city. Tens of thousands of workers, stonemasons and carpenters were brought to Istanbul from both Anatolia and Rumelia. Beginning on March 29, 1510, construction works in the city were undergone hastily and completed on June 1, 1510.


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Characteristics, Earthquake
From the area and intensity of shaking, a 70 km (43 mi) fault rupture has been estimated. Major shocks occurred at half-hour intervals and were violent and protracted in nature, forcing residents to seek refuge in open parks and squares. Aftershocks were said to have continued for 18 days without causing any further damage, however, it did delay reconstruction in some areas.


1509 Constantinople earthquake, Characteristics, Tsunami
A tsunami is mentioned in some sources with a run-up of greater than 6.0 m (19.7 ft), but discounted in others. A turbidite bed whose deposition matches the date of the earthquake has been recognised in the Çınarcık Basin.


1509 Esclangona
1509 Esclangona, provisional designation 1938 YG, is a rare-type Hungaria asteroid and binary system from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It is named after French astronomer Ernest Esclangon.


1509 Esclangona, Discoveries
Esclangona was discovered on 21 December 1938, by French astronomer André Patry at Nice Observatory. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation as no precoveries were taken, and no prior identifications were made. On 13 February 2003, a minor-planet moon in orbit of Esclangona was discovered by astronomers at ESO's Very Large Telescope (UT4) on Cerro Paranal in Chile.


1509 Esclangona, Orbit and classification
Esclangona is a member of the Hungaria family, which form the innermost concentration of asteroids in the Solar System. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–1.9 AU once every 2 years and 7 months (931 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.03 and an inclination of 22° with respect to the ecliptic.


1509 Esclangona, Binary system
Esclangona has a small moon, provisionally named S/2003 (1509) 1, which measures 4 kilometers in diameter, and orbits 140 kilometers from its parent. This wide separation relative to the pair's size is rather unusual and it is believed that both Esclangona and its moon are ejecta from an asteroidal collision in the past that left the scene as a co-orbiting pair; a similar pairing is 3749 Balam and its moon.


1509 Esclangona, Physical characteristics
In the Tholen taxonomy, Esclangona is a common stony S-type asteroid. It has since been characterized as a rare K-type asteroid by polarimetric observations.


1509 Esclangona, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
In December 2004, photometric measurements of Esclangona made by American astronomer Brian Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory, California, showed a lightcurve with a rotation period of 3.247±0.002 hours and a brightness variation of 0.17±0.02 in magnitude.


1509 Esclangona, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Esclangona measures between 6.83 and 9.87 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.107 and 0.41. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.2041 and a diameter of 8.18 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.858.


1509 Esclangona, Naming
This minor planet was named after French astronomer Ernest Esclangon (1876–1954), was a director of the Paris Observatory and president of the International Astronomical Union. Naming citation was first mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 134).


1509 in Italy
An incomplete series of events, births and deaths which occurred in Italy in 1509:


1509 in Italy
The Battle of Agnadello, also known as Vailà, was one of the more significant battles of the War of the League of Cambrai, and one of the major battles of the Italian Wars.


1509 in Italy
The Battle of Polesella, fought on December 22, 1509, by forces of the Duchy of Ferrara and the Republic of Venice, was a naval battle on the River Po in the War of the League of Cambrai in the Italian Wars. It was an overwhelming victory for Ferrara.


1509 in Italy
The Siege of Padua was a major engagement early in the War of the League of Cambrai.


1509 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1509.


1509 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1509 in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1509 in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1509 in science
The year 1509 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.


15092 Beegees
15092 Beegees, provisional designation 1999 EH5, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 15 March 1999, by Australian amateur astronomer John Broughton at his Reedy Creek Observatory in Queensland, Australia. The S-type asteroid was named for the brothers of the Gibb family, known as the musical trio Bee Gees.


15092 Beegees, Orbit and classification
Beegees is a core member the Eos family (606), the largest stony asteroid family in the outer main belt, consisting of nearly 10,000 known asteroids.


15092 Beegees, Orbit and classification
It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.9–3.1 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,908 days; semi-major axis of 3.01 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.03 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its first observation as 1975 TL1 at Crimea–Nauchnij in October 1975, more than 23 years prior to its official discovery observation at Reedy Creek.


15092 Beegees, Physical characteristics
In the SDSS-based taxonomy, Beegees is a common, stony S-type asteroid, which is also the overall spectral type for members of the Eos family. The asteroid has an absolute magnitude of 12.1. As of 2018, no rotational lightcurve has been obtained from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown.


15092 Beegees, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Beegees measures 12.012 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.122.


15092 Beegees, Naming
This minor planet was named for the members the British pop-rock-disco group Bee Gees: Barry Gibb (born 1946), Robin Gibb (1949–2012), and Maurice Gibb (1949–2003), as well as for their younger brother and solo singer, Andy Gibb (1958–1988), who was never a member of the group. The renowned musicians were raised in Australia, only 100 kilometers from the Reedy Creek Observatory where this asteroid was discovered. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 9 May 2001 (M.P.C. 42674).


15094 Polymele
15094 Polymele /pɒlɪˈmiːliː/ is a primitive Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 21 kilometers (13 miles) in diameter. It is a target of the Lucy mission with a close fly by planned to occur in September 2027. It was discovered on 17 November 1999, by astronomers with the Catalina Sky Survey at Mount Lemmon Observatory, Arizona, in the United States. The P-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.9 hours and possibly a spherical shape. It was named after Polymele from Greek mythology, the wife of Menoetius and the mother of Patroclus.


15094 Polymele, Orbit and classification
Polymele is a Jupiter trojan (or Jovian asteroid) orbiting in the leading Greek camp at Jupiter's L4 Lagrangian point, 60° ahead of the Gas Giant's orbit (see Trojans in astronomy). It orbits the Sun at a distance of 4.7–5.7 AU once every 11 years and 9 months (4,289 days; semi-major axis of 5.17 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid's observation arc begins 48 years prior to its official discovery observation at Mount Lemmon, with a precovery taken at Palomar Observatory in 1951, and published by the Digitized Sky Survey later on.


15094 Polymele, Naming
This minor planet was named after Polymele, the daughter of Peleus from Greek mythology. According to the Latin author Gaius Julius Hyginus (c. 64 BC – AD 17), she is the wife of the Argonaut Menoetius and the mother of Patroclus, who participated in the Trojan War. Polymele is also known as "Philomela"; that name was previously used for the asteroid 196 Philomela. The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 22 February 2016 (M.P.C. 98711).


15094 Polymele, Lucy mission target
Polymele is planned to be visited by the Lucy spacecraft which will launch in 2021. The fly by is scheduled for 15 September 2027, and will approach the asteroid to a distance of 415 kilometers at a velocity of 6 kilometers per second.


15094 Polymele, Physical characteristics
Polymele has been characterized as a primitive P-type asteroid by the investigators of the Lucy mission. P-type asteroids are known for their low albedo. It has a V–I color index of 0.799, which is lower than that for most larger Jupiter trojans (see table below).


15094 Polymele, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Polymele measures 21.075 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.091, while in 2018, Marc Buie published an albedo of 0.073 and an absolute magnitude of 11.691 in the S- and/or R band. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for a carbonaceous asteroid of 0.057 and calculates a larger diameter of 26.64 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.6.


15094 Polymele, Physical characteristics, Lightcurves
In March 2016, a rotational lightcurve of Polymele was obtained from photometric observations by Marc Buie and colleges. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 5.8607±0.0005 hours with a small brightness amplitude of 0.09±0.03 magnitude (U=2-), which indicates that the body has a spheroidal shape. Previously, the Lucy mission team published spin rates of 6.1 and 4 hours, respectively.


15094 Polymele, Physical characteristics, Lightcurves
Note: missing data was completed with figures from the JPL SBDB () and from the LCDB () for the WISE/NEOWISE and SIMPS catalogs, respectively. These figures are given in italics. Also, listing is incomplete above #100.


150s
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Graham87 (talk | contribs) at 10:36, 12 January 2021 (1 revision imported: import old edit from the Nostalgia Wikipedia). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


150s
The 150s decade ran from January 1, 150, to December 31, 159.


150s BC
This article concerns the period 159 BC – 150 BC.


150th (York and Durham) Brigade
The 150th (York and Durham) Brigade was a formation of the Territorial Force of the British Army. It was assigned to the 50th (Northumbrian) Division and served on the Western Front during the First World War.


150th Aviation Regiment (United States)
The 150th Aviation Regiment is a regiment of the United States Army National Guard organized under the United States Army Regimental System. It was constituted 1 October 1987 in the New Jersey, Vermont and Delaware Army National Guard as the 150th Aviation, a parent regiment under the United States Army Regimental System. It was organized to consist of 1st Battalion at Trenton Airport, New Jersey, Company D at Burlington Airport, Vermont; Company E at New Castle Air National Guard Base, Delaware and Company F at Dover, New Jersey, all elements of the 50th Armored Division.


150th Aviation Regiment (United States), 1st Battalion
The 1st Battalion (Assault), 150th Aviation Regiment was split between two mid-Atlantic states with a total of 16 UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters. One half of the unit was the Headquarters & Headquarters Company (HHC), Company A, and Company C based at Trenton, New Jersey on the Trenton-Mercer Airport. The other half was Company B with an HHC detachment and a Company C detachment based at the New Castle County Airport in Delaware. The 1st Battalion, 150th Aviation Regiment was mobilized in May 2004 in support for Operation Iraqi Freedom and deployed to Iraq in November 2004. The soldiers of the 1–150th served with distinction during the 12-month deployment supporting the 42nd Infantry Division Command Group Mission throughout their sector by executing command & control, air assault, and air movement missions. After their combat tour, they arrived back on US soil in November 2005.


150th Aviation Regiment (United States), 1st Battalion
In 2009 the units were again deployed to Iraq. The 628th went to Tallil and the 1-150th was in Al Kut. During this deployment the 1-150th Aviation fell under the Combat Aviation Brigade, 28th Infantry Division and later the 12th Combat Aviation Brigade. They suffered no casualties during the 9–10 months in country.


150th Aviation Regiment (United States), 1st Battalion
The battalion is based at Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, Lakehurst, New Jersey.


150th Aviation Regiment (United States), 1st Battalion
The 150th falls under the 57th Troop Command, New Jersey Army National Guard, who are based out of Atlantic City, NJ.


150th Battalion (Carabiniers Mont-Royal), CEF
The 150th (Carabiniers Mont Royal) Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War. Based in Montreal, Quebec, the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in that city and the surrounding district. After sailing to England in September 1916, the battalion was absorbed into the 14th, 22nd, 24th, and 87th Battalions, CEF, and the 5th Canadian Mounted Rifles. The unit officially ceased to exist as of February 15, 1918. The 150th (Carabiniers Mont Royal) Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. .


150th Cavalry Regiment
The 150th Cavalry Regiment ("The Second West Virginia") is a regiment of the West Virginia Army National Guard, with troops in multiple locations throughout West Virginia. It was originally formed as Greenbrier County militia, fighting for Virginia in the American Revolutionary War. During the American Civil War, companies of the regiment loyal to the recognized Union state government in Wheeling were later combined to form the Union Army's 5th and 9th West Virginia Infantry regiments, aiding in the defeat of Confederate troops in West Virginia, Ohio and Virginia.


150th Cavalry Regiment
The 150th Cavalry has also deployed in support of World War I, the Border War with Mexico, World War II, Operation Spartan Shield, the Iraq War and the intervention in Syria.


150th Cavalry Regiment, History
The lineage of the 150th Cavalry Regiment dates back to 1 March 1778, with the formation of the Militia of Greenbrier County. On 22 December 1792, the Militia of Greenbrier County was reorganized as volunteer companies of the 13th Brigade, Virginia Militia. During the War of 1812, five companies from the 13th Brigade were combined with seven companies from what is now northern West Virginia to form the 2nd Regiment, Virginia Volunteer Militia.


150th Cavalry Regiment, History
During the American Civil War, units with Union sympathies were combined to form the 5th and 9th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. After becoming a separate state in 1863, West Virginia reorganized its militia, including the 5th and 9th Regiments, which were consolidated and reorganized on 9 November 1864, as the 1st West Virginia Veteran Infantry Regiment, part of the 2nd Division, West Virginia Militia. The regiment was mustered out on 21 July 1865 after the end of the war.


150th Cavalry Regiment, History
On 7 June 1889, the 1st West Virginia Veteran Infantry Regiment was reorganized as the 2nd Regiment, West Virginia National Guard. After being mustered into service for eight months along the Mexican border in 1916, it was briefly mustered out of service for less than a month only to be mustered back into Federal service on 10 April 1917. After being federalized it was redesignated as the 150th Infantry Regiment and assigned to the 38th Division on 19 September 1917. The regiment would remain assigned to the 38th Division until the beginning of World War II.


150th Cavalry Regiment, History
On 1 March 1942, the regiment was relieved from its assignment the 38th and transferred to the Panama Canal Zone where it served through the rest of the war. Postwar, it was inactivated at Fort Clayton on 1 February 1946.


150th Cavalry Regiment, History
After the war, the regiment went through a period of slow but drastic change. On 1 July 1955, the regiment was reorganized from an Infantry table of organization and equipment unit to an Armored Cavalry TO&E unit and redesignated as the 150th Armored Cavalry Regiment. On 1 March 1968, 2nd Squadron was relieved from the regiment and broken up to form other units within the West Virginia National Guard. Meanwhile, two months later, 3rd Squadron was redesignated as 3rd Squadron, 107th Armored Cavalry. 1st Squadron continued on as the only squadron remaining in the regiment until 1 September 1993, when the regiment was reorganized and redesignated as the 150th Armor Regiment, consisting of the 1st Battalion, and assigned to the 28th Infantry Division.


150th Cavalry Regiment, History
When the 30th Enhanced Heavy Separate Brigade began mobilization to partake in Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2004, 1st Battalion, 150th Armor was chosen to reinforce the brigade. The battalion served with the brigade for approximately one year in Iraq and redeployed with the brigade back to the United States.


150th Cavalry Regiment, History
Upon returning to the United States in 2005, 1st Battalion 150th Armor was redesignated as the 150th Cavalry, consisting of the 1st Squadron, reorganized as a Reconnaissance, Surveillance, and Target Acquisition squadron, and reassigned to the 30th Brigade as that brigade's RSTA squadron under the new Heavy Brigade Unit of Acton TO&E.


150th Cavalry Regiment, 1st Squadron
Today, 1st Squadron, 150th Cavalry Regiment is the only active squadron in the regiment. The unit is composed of cavalry scouts and armor crewmen equipped with HMMWVs, Bradley Fighting Vehicles and Abrams Main Battle Tanks.


150th Cavalry Regiment, Distinctive unit insignia
A Gold color metal and enamel device 1+1⁄8 inches (2.9 cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Azure, a powder horn Argent, mouth to dexter, ferruled Or, stringed of the second; in chief five mullets of the third voided. Attached below the shield a bipartite scroll inscribed "WE CAN TAKE IT" in Blue.


150th Cavalry Regiment, Distinctive unit insignia
The shield is blue, representative of the original organization. The powder horn is adapted from the State coat of arms. The five mullets symbolize the wars in which the original regiment participated.


150th Cavalry Regiment, Distinctive unit insignia
The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 150th Infantry Regiment on 28 May 1934. It was redesignated for the 150th Armored Cavalry Regiment on 21 September 1955. The insignia was redesignated for the 150th Armor Regiment with the description and symbolism revised effective 1 September 1993.


150th Cavalry Regiment, Coat of arms, Blazon
Azure, a powder horn Argent, mouth to dexter, ferruled Or, stringed of the second; in chief five mullets of the third voided.


150th Cavalry Regiment, Coat of arms, Blazon
That for the regiments and separate battalions of the West Virginia Army National Guard: On a wreath of the colors, Argent and Azure, a slip of mountain rhododendron in full bloom and leaved Proper. Motto WE CAN TAKE IT.


150th Cavalry Regiment, Coat of arms, Blazon
The shield is blue, representative of the original organization. The powder horn is adapted from the State coat of arms. The five mullets symbolize the wars in which the original regiment participated.


150th Cavalry Regiment, Coat of arms, Blazon
The crest is that of the West Virginia Army National Guard.


150th Cavalry Regiment, Coat of arms, Blazon
The coat of arms was originally approved for the 150th Infantry Regiment on 28 May 1934. It was redesignated for the 150th Armored Cavalry Regiment on 21 September 1955. The insignia was redesignated for the 150th Armor Regiment with the symbolism revised effective 1 September 1993.


150th Division (1st Formation)(People's Republic of China)
The 150th Division(Chinese: 第150师)(1st Formation) was created in January 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 52nd Temporary Division, 60th Corps of Republic of China Army defected in Changchun.


150th Division (1st Formation)(People's Republic of China)
In August 1949 the division was disbanded and absorbed by 148th and 149th Divisions from the same Corps.


150th Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
The 150th Army Division (Chinese: 陆军第150师)(3rd Formation) was formed in November 1967 from 1st, 5th, 10th and 12th Independent Regiments, Independent Infantry Battalion and Independent Antiaircraft Battalion of Chengdu Military Region.


150th Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
The division maintained as a Catalogue B unit from 1967 to its disbandment.


150th Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
In February the division took part in the Sino-Vietnamese War. Before the beginning of the war, he division expanded from 6000 personnel (peacetime Cat B division) to 11000. At the blink of war the division was composed of:


150th Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
The division took part in the Battle of Cao Bang.


150th Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
On March 11, 1979, when retreating from Ban young region to China, the division's 448th Infantry Regiment, commanded by Li Shaowen(Chinese: 李绍文), run into an ambush set by 851st Regiment, PAVN 346th Division. The regimental HQ soon lost contact with all its units, and the whole regiment was in panic.


150th Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
By March 13, 1979 the 2nd Battalion of 448th Regiment was surrounded and overrun. To make things worse, 1st Company, 1st Battalion and 8th Company, 3rd Battalion, sent by the regimental HQ to relieve them, were also surrounded. By March 14 all surrounded PLA units were either surrendered or destroyed. The last survivor from 2nd battalion finally reached the border of China on March 31.


150th Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
During the engagement 7 PLA companies & batteries (1st, 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th Rifle Companies, Machine-gun Company and Mortar-Artillery Battery of the 2nd Battalion) were annihilated. 448th Regiment suffered 542 "missing", soon after it was cleared that 209 of which were captured or surrendered, the other of which KIA. The engagement is considered by China as the biggest failure during the war.


150th Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
The division was disbanded in September 1985 along with the Army Corps.


150th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Rich Farmbrough (talk | contribs) at 17:59, 19 November 2019 (Date formats). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


150th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 150th Division (第150師団, Dai-hyakugojū Shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the Morning Protection Division (護朝兵団, Gocho Heidan). It was formed 28 February 1945 in Seoul as a square division. It was a part of the 16 simultaneously created divisions batch numbering from 140th to 160th.


150th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), Action
From May 1945, the 150th division was tasked with the coastal defense of the North Jeolla Province and South Jeolla Province, with garrisons in Jeongeup (headquarters and barrage artillery), and 431st infantry regiment on Daejeon-ri island, and Jangseong County (429th infantry regiment and automatic cannon company). Also, the 430th, 432nd infantry regiments and the rest of units were deployed at Mokpo. After the Soviet invasion of Manchuria the division was ordered to move and by the time of surrender of Japan 15 August 1945 was in Gunsan.


150th Field Artillery Regiment
The 150th Field Artillery Regiment ("The Raiders") is a field artillery unit in the Indiana Army National Guard.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History
The 150th Field Artillery was formed from the 1st Indiana Field Artillery, which served during the Spanish–American War. The Indiana Field Artillery was at service on the Mexican border when the United States declared war on Germany in 1917. As the United States mobilized for World War I, the Indiana Field Artillery became federalized as the 150th Field Artillery, and assigned to the 42nd Infantry "Rainbow" Division, which participated in several major battles in 1918. Major Robert Tyndall was promoted to Colonel in command of the entire regiment, which was issued French 155 millimeter cannons.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History
During World War II, the 150th Field Artillery served with the 38th Infantry Division.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History
During the Iraq War, the 150th Field Artillery sent teams to train Iraqi police. In 2006 HHB 2-150 FA sent 152 Artillerymen to Mosul, Iraq to train Iraqi Policemen. Their success brought distinction by Award of the Meritorious Unit Commendation.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History
In 2007 2 batteries of 2-150 FA and 3-139 FA (organized under 2-150 FA) served as convoy security companies in 76th Infantry Brigade Combat Team. In 2009–10 officers and Soldiers of 2-150 formed the 2-150 Fires Team, serving on the staffs of 34th Infantry Division (MNARNG) and 17th Fires Brigade (AD), Ft. Lewis, WA in Multi-National Division – South and Basra Province respectively.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History
During Operation Enduring Freedom Soldiers of 2-150 served on Embedded Training Teams with the Afghan National Army for the 76IBCT (INARNG) throughout Afghanistan. In 2012–13, E TAB "Watchdogs," 139 Field Artillery, assigned to 2-150 FA conducted counter-fire and force protection missions throughout Regional Command Assistant Group – South in support of various Active Duty, Guard, Reserve and State Department missions.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Civil War
The 18th Indiana Battery of Light Artillery (Lilly's Brigade) was organized at Indianapolis and mustered into service on 14 August 1862, with Captain Eli Lilly in command.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Civil War
The 18th Indiana Battery, Light Artillery participated in the following Civil War Campaigns:


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Civil War
The company initially served at various posts at Cincinnati and throughout Kentucky. In June 1863, the 18th was assigned to the Wilder's Mounted Brigade. It participated in Rosecrans' East Tennessee Campaign in the succeeding months. During the battle of Hoover's Gap, Tennessee, the Confederate forces were well positioned, but Wilder's Brigade attacked and pushed the Confederate forces through the Gap. With effective fire, Lilly's Battery drove the Confederates from the field.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Civil War
The effective aim and deadly fire of the 18th Battery was also experienced by the charging rebel columns of General Longstreet's Corps during the battle of Chickamauga, on 19 September 1863. Beginning in May 1864, Lilly's Battery marched with General Sherman's army on the campaign against Atlanta, during which it participated in numerous engagements, including Resaca, Cassville, Stilesboro, and Lost Mountain. Later, it was among the Union forces that pursued General Hood's troops after the Confederate defeat at Chattanooga.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Later 19th century
22 Nov. 1882, the First Regiment Light Artillery was organized from the original Indiana Legion, with Col. Eli Lilly as the Chief of Artillery.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Later 19th century
In 1895 the name Indiana Legion was changed to the Indiana National Guard.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Later 19th century
Units of the 1st Battalion of Indiana Light Artillery Battalion were redesignated the 27th and 28th Light Batteries, which served during the Spanish–American War.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, The Mexican Expedition and the First World War
During the Mexican Border Campaign, the First Artillery Battalion of the Indiana National Guard served under Maj. Robert H. Tyndall's command.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, The Mexican Expedition and the First World War
While in training at Ft. Harrison, the First Indiana Field Artillery was designated as the 150th Field Artillery Regiment with assignments to the 42nd Rainbow Division, with 155 mm Howitzers, horse drawn. The 150th Regiment's engagements are represented by the six streamers on the regimental standard and the six stars on the regimental coat of arms. Col. Robert H. Tyndall was the World War I commander, 1917–1919.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Inter-war period
Post-WWI: The artillery in Indiana reorganized as the 1st Field Artillery Regiment in 1921. it was re-designated as the 181st Field Artillery. Because it was made up mostly of the 150th Field Artillery that had served during World War I, it was re-designated as the 150th Field Artillery in February 1922.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Inter-war period
During peacetime, the annual training was mostly conducted at Camp Knox, KY and Camp McCoy, WI. Some units called on for various state services, such as railroad strikes, storm damages, mine strikes, etc. All units had become truck drawn by 1936.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Inter-war period
The 150th Artillery served during the flood of 1937, as did all of the Indiana Guard. The Second Army maneuvers were held in Wisconsin, in 1940. In January 1941 the 150th was inducted.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, World War II
In 1942, redesignated as the 150th Field Artillery Battalion, it served through the war with the 38th Infantry Division. (The 2nd Bn of the 150th was redesignated 208th Field Artillery, later redesignated 989th Field Artillery Battalion, and inactivated February 1946.) Training started at Camp Shelby, Mississippi, the same camp where the division trained during World War I, and suffered the severe storm damage that gave them the name Cyclone Division.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, World War II
January 1944 - left New Orleans; arrived in Hawaii for jungle training.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, World War II
July 1944 - went to New Guinea for amphibious training. The 150th Field Artillery was engaged at Bataan, Zigzag Pass, Corregidor, Manila Bay, Wah Wah Dam of the Pacific theatre campaign. This brought the division the title of the "Avengers of Bataan."


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
The artillery returned to the States in 1947. Reorganized as the 150th Field Artillery Battalion, medium, with 155 mm Howitzers, towed, headquarters at Kokomo. Indiana had three light battalions, 105 mm towed; the 139th FA BN with headquarters at Crawfordsville, the 163rd with headquarters at Evansville and the 524th with headquarters at Bloomington.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
Reorganization in 1959 had the 150th Field Artillery Battalion redesignated as the 1st Battalion 150th Field Artillery. The 524th Field Artillery Battalion was inactivated and redesignated as the 2nd Battalion 150th Field Artillery, with headquarters in Bloomington.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
March 1977 brought further realignment. The 1st Battalion 150th Field Artillery was reassigned into other units. Since 1977, the 2nd Battalion 150th Field Artillery is the only unit carrying the 150th regimental designation.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
In 1987, Headquarters and service batteries are at Bloomington, with "A" Battery at Greencastle, "B" Battery at Spencer, "C" Battery at Noblesville with 155 mm towed, and "D" Battery at Lebanon with 8" towed.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
The 2- 150th reorganized again in 1996, becoming an Echelon above Division unit. "D" Battery was inactivated leaving HHSB in Bloomington, "A" Battery in Danville/Greencastle, "B" Battery in Spencer/ Bloomington, and "C" Battery inLebanon/ Noblesville, all 155 mm towed Howitzer batteries.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
HHB- BloomingtonA- GreencastleB- RockvilleC- LebanonTwo Units under Command and Control of 2-150 FA E (TA) 139th FA-Indianapolis 139th FSC- Crawfordsville


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1882: 110 years ago, on 22 Nov. 1882, the First Regiment Indiana Light Artillery was organized from the original Indiana Legion, with Col. Eli Lilly as the Chief of Artillery.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1895: In 1895 the name Indiana Legion was changed to the Indiana National Guard.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1898: Units of the 1st Battalion of Indiana Light Artillery Battalion were redesignated as the 27th and 28th Light Batteries, which served during the Spanish–American War.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1916: During the Mexican Border Campaign, the First Artillery Battalion of the Indiana National Guard served with Maj. Robert H. Tyndall commanding.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1917: While in training at Ft. Harrison, the First Indiana Field Artillery was designated as the 150th Field Artillery Regiment with assignment to the 42nd Rainbow Division, with 155 mm Howitzers, horse drawn. The 150th Regiment's engagements are represented by the six streamers on the regimental standard and the six stars on the regimental coat of arms. Col. Robert H. Tyndall was the World War I commander, 1917-19.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1921-1922: The artillery in Indiana was reorganized as the 1st Field Artillery Regiment, in 1921. In Jun.1921, it was redesignated as the 181st Field Artillery Because it was made up mostly of the 150th Field Artillery that had served during World War 1, it was redesignated as the 150th Field Artillery in Feb. 1922. 1936 – 1942: During peacetime, the annual training was mostly at Camp Knox, Ky. and Camp McCoy, Wisc. Some units were called on for various state services, such as railroad strikes, storm damages, mine strikes, etc. All units had become truck drawn by 1936.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
The 150th Artillery served during the flood of 1937 (as did all of the Indiana Guard). The Second Army maneuvers were held in Wisconsin, in 1940. In Jan. 1941 the 150th was inducted. In 1942, redesignated as the 150th Field Artillery Battalion, it served through the war with the 38th Infantry Division. (The 2nd Bn of the 150th was redesignated 208th Field Artillery, later redesignated 989th Field Artillery Battalion, and inactivated Feb. 1946.) Training started at Camp Shelby, Mississippi, the same camp where the division trained during World War I, and suffered the severe storm damage which gave them the name of Cyclone Division.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1943: Training continued in Camp Carrabelle, Florida and Camp Livingston, Louisiana.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1944 – 1947: Leaving New Orleans in Jan. 1944, they arrived in Hawaii for jungle training. In Jul. 1944 to New Guinea for amphibious training. The 150th Artillery was engaged at Bataan, Zigzag Pass, Corregidor, Manila Bay, Wah Wah Dam of the Pacific theatre campaign. This brought the division the title of the "Avengers of Bataan. The artillery returned to the states. Reorganized in 1947 as the 150th Field Artillery Battalion, medium, with 155 mm Howitzers, towed, headquarters at Kokomo. The three light battalions, 105 mm towed, were the 130th with headquarters at Crawfordsville, the 163rd with headquarters at Evansville and the 524th with headquarters at Bloomington.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1959: Reorganization in 1959 had the 150th Field Artillery Battalion redesignated as the 1st Battalion 150th Field Artillery The 524th Field Artillery Battalion was inactivated and redesignated as the 2nd Battalion 150th Field Artillery with headquarters at Bloomington.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1977: March of 1977 brought further realignment which saw the 1st Bn 150th Field Artillery being reassigned into other units. Since 1977, the 2nd Battalion 150th Field Artillery is the only unit carrying the 150th regimental designation.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
1987: Headquarters and service batteries are at Bloomington, with "A" Battery at Greencastle, "B" Battery at Spencer, "C" Battery at Noblesville with 155 mm towed, and "D" Battery at Lebanon with 8 towed.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
There have been many changes and improvements in equipment and training in the artillery. It has gone from solid wheels to pneumatic tires, from horses to trucks, from chain measure to lasers, from compass and protractor to computerized fire control and new powders, fuzes and even rations. A11 the changes would make volumes. The artilleryman's training and education must keep up with these changes. The "King of Battle," the artillery, as it is seen in the 150th Regiment, has much history and tradition. We trust you will have pride in being a part of the Long Red Line of the artillery.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
150th Field Artillery Regiment Jack P. Money (Hon. Co1.) Col. F.A. Ret. Tad Wilson (Hon. Adjutant) Cpt. F.A. Ret. Jack Shiflet (Hon. CSM) M/Sgt. F.A. Ret. Bernard K. Bucklew, Historian Maj. F.A. Ret.


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
2000: HHSB Det1 Sarajevo, BiH2003-2005: Operation Noble Eagle, CAJMTC and Newport Chemical Facility2005-2006: Operation Iraqi Freedom, Raider Battery2009-2010: OIF, 2-150 FEC


150th Field Artillery Regiment, History, Late 20th century in Indiana
2004-2005 Operation Enduring Freedom, Afghanistan Various individualsfrom 2-150 in support of 76th Bde Embedded Training Teams. 2004-2005 OIF, Target Acquisition Battery2008-2009 OIF, Two Batteries in support of 76th Bde2009-2010 OEF, Various individuals in support of 1-219th AG Team2002-2010 Many single soldiers in support of nearly every deployment from INARNG


150th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment
The 150th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment (Serbo-Croatian Latin: 150. lovačko-bombarderski avijacijski puk, 150. ловачко-бомбардерски авијацијски пук) was an aviation regiment established in 1952 as part of the SFR Yugoslav Air Force. The regimental headquarters was stationed at Niš Airport until the regiment was disbanded in 1958.


150th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment, History
The 150th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment was formed on 1 February 1952, pursuant to an order issued on 7 December 1951, with its command at Niš Airport. The regiment was part of the 29th Aviation Division. It consisted of one squadron equipped with US-built F-47D Thunderbolt fighter aircraft. It was disbanded by the beginning of 1958, with its aircraft, personnel and equipment transferred to other units of the 29th Aviation Division.


150th Georgia General Assembly, Overview
The 150th General Assembly of the U.S. state of Georgia convened its first session on January 12, 2009, at the Georgia State Capitol in Atlanta, Georgia. The 150th Georgia General Assembly succeeded the 149th and will serve as the precedent for the 151st General Assembly in 2011.


150th Georgia General Assembly, Overview
The 150th General Assembly adjourned its first session on April 3, 2009. The second session of the 150th General Assembly convened January 11, 2010.


150th Georgia General Assembly, Officers, House of Representatives, Presiding Officer
Glenn Richardson (R) served as Speaker of the House from January 2009 through Jan. 1, 2010. Mark Burkhalter (R) served as Speaker pro tempore during the same period, and was acting Speaker when the House reconvened on Jan. 11, 2010, at which time the House elected David Ralston and Jan Jones.


150th Georgia General Assembly, Members of the State Senate, Changes in Membership from Previous Term
While no seat changed party control from the previous session, the beginning of the 150th Georgia General Assembly still saw five new state senators. Two of these new senators defeated the incumbent in the runoff for their parties' primaries. Two replaced incumbents who had run for other office. Another replaced a senator who had retired.


150th Georgia General Assembly, Members of the State Senate, Changes in Membership During Current Term
There have been three vacancies in the State Senate as of December 25, 2009. All three have been due to resignations. Two have since been filled, both by members of the same party as the former incumbent. Another vacancy is expected at some point during the term.


150th Georgia General Assembly, Members of the State Senate, Announced Retirements
As of December 25, 2009, six state senators have announced that they will not be running for re-election in 2010. One Senator, Dan Moody (56th) is retiring. The other five are seeking higher office.


150th Georgia General Assembly, Members of the State Senate, Announced Retirements
Jeff Chapman (3rd) is running for Governor. Following State Insurance and Fire Commissioner John Oxendine's decision to run for Governor, Seth Harp (29th) and Ralph Hudgens (47th) announced that they will seek the Republican nomination for the office. Lee Hawkins (49th) announced that he will run for the Congressional seat to be left open by incumbent Nathan Deal's campaign for Governor. Finally, Gail Buckner is running for state Secretary of State, a position she also ran for in 2006.


150th Illinois Infantry Regiment
The 150th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


150th Illinois Infantry Regiment, Service
The 150th Illinois Infantry was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, and mustered into Federal service on February 14, 1865, for a one-year enlistment. The 150th served in garrisons in Tennessee and Georgia.


150th Illinois Infantry Regiment, Total strength and casualties
The regiment suffered 58 enlisted men who died of disease for a total of 58 fatalities.


150th Indian Infantry Brigade
The 150th Indian Infantry Brigade was an Infantry formation of the Indian Army during World War II. The brigade was formed in March 1944, at Secunderabad as a Jungle Training Brigade assigned to the Southern Army.


150th Indian Infantry Brigade
In September 1945 the brigade was part of XXXIV Corps (India), en route to Hong Kong.


150th Indiana Infantry Regiment
The 150th Indiana Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from Indiana that served in the Union Army between March 9 and August 5, 1865, during the American Civil War.


150th Indiana Infantry Regiment, Service
Recruited from the 8th district, the regiment was organized at Indianapolis, Indiana, with a strength of 1,082 men, and mustered in on March 9, 1865. It left Indiana for Harper's Ferry, West Virginia on March 13. The regiment saw duty at Charleston, West Virginia, Winchester, and Stevenson's Depot, remaining there until June 27. It then proceeded to Jordan's Springs, Virginia, and remained there until it was mustered out on August 5, 1865. During its service the regiment incurred thirty-four fatalities, and another fifty men deserted.


150th Infantry
The 150th Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. It was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918, saw service in the First World War and the Third Anglo-Afghan War, and was disbanded in June 1921.


150th Infantry, History, Background
Heavy losses suffered by the British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front following the German spring offensive in March 1918 resulted in a major reorganization of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force:


150th Infantry, History, Background
In fact, the 75th Division already had four Indian battalions assigned, so of the 36 battalions needed to reform the divisions, 22 were improvised by taking whole companies from existing units already on active service in Mesopotamia and Palestine to form the 150th Infantry (3 battalions), 151st Sikh Infantry (3), 152nd Punjabis (3), 153rd Punjabis (3), 154th Infantry (3), 155th Pioneers (2), 156th Infantry (1) and the 11th Gurkha Rifles (4). The donor units were then brought back up to strength by drafts. In the event, just 13 of the battalions were assigned to the divisions and the remaining nine were transferred from Mesopotamia to India in June 1918.


150th Infantry, History, Formation
The regiment formed three battalions in Mesopotamia in May 1918 with complete companies posted from regiments serving in the 15th, 17th, and 18th Indian Divisions. All three battalions were transferred to India in June 1918. The 2nd Battalion later took part in the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 as part of the 16th Indian Division. They were disbanded in India in 1920 and 1921.


150th Infantry, History, Battalions, 1st Battalion
The 1st Battalion was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies from:


150th Infantry, History, Battalions, 1st Battalion
The battalion was transferred from Mesopotamia to India in June 1918 and joined the Ahmednagar Brigade in the 6th Poona Divisional Area where it remained in until the end of the First World War. The battalion was disbanded on 15 April 1921.


150th Infantry, History, Battalions, 2nd Battalion
The 2nd Battalion was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies from:


150th Infantry, History, Battalions, 2nd Battalion
The battalion was transferred from Mesopotamia to India in June 1918 and joined the Rawalpindi Additional Brigade in the 2nd (Rawalpindi) Division where it remained in until the end of the First World War. In May 1919, it mobilized with the 45th Indian Brigade, 16th Indian Division and took part in the Third Anglo-Afghan War. The battalion was disbanded on 15 June 1921.


150th Infantry, History, Battalions, 3rd Battalion
The 3rd Battalion was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies from:


150th Infantry, History, Battalions, 3rd Battalion
The battalion was transferred from Mesopotamia to India in June 1918 and joined the Ahmednagar Brigade in the 6th Poona Divisional Area where it remained in until the end of the First World War. The battalion was disbanded on 30 November 1920.


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 150th Infantry Brigade was an infantry formation of the British Army that saw active service in the Second World War. A 1st Line Territorial Army brigade, it was part of the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division. It served in the Battle of France and was evacuated from Dunkirk. Later it served in the Middle East and was overrun and forced to surrender during the Battle of Gazala in the North African Campaign. For almost 72 hours (29–31 May 1942) during the battle the 150th Brigade and the 44th Royal Tank Regiment held out against Erwin Rommel's concentrated attacks, without any support. On 1 June the German Army finally forced their surrender. The brigade was not reformed.


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), Battle of France
50th (Northumbrian) Division was mobilised on the outbreak of war in September 1939. After training it travelled to France in January 1940 to join the new British Expeditionary Force (BEF).


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), Battle of France
The Battle of France began on 10 May with the German invasion of the Low Countries. The BEF followed the pre-arranged Plan D and advanced into Belgium to take up defences along the River Dyle. 50th (N) Division was in reserve for the divisions along the Dyle line by 15 May. However, the German Army had broken through the Ardennes to the east, forcing the BEF to withdraw again across a series of river lines.


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), Battle of France
By the end of 19 May the whole force was back across the Escaut, with 50th (N) Division concentrating on Vimy Ridge above Arras and preparing to make a counter-attack on the German forces sweeping past towards the sea. The attack (the Battle of Arras) was made on 21 May, but 150th Bde was not involved, being sent to strengthen the garrison of Arras and to hold the line of the River Scarpe. It carried out a raid across the river during the day.


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), Battle of France
As the Germans continued to move west, behind the BEF, Arras was becoming a dangerous salient, and 150th Bde came under attack on 23 May. It fought its way out of Arras via Douai that night as the BEF scrambled to form a defensive ring round Dunkirk. 50th (N) Division was then thrown into a gap left near Ypres when the Belgian Army surrendered. By now the decision had been made to evacuate the BEF through Dunkirk (Operation Dynamo), and 50th (N) Division held the line to allow this to proceed.


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), Battle of France
All day on 29 May it was bombarded as it pulled back, still in contact with the enemy. The rest of II Corps was evacuated on the night of 31 May/1 June, while 50th (N) Division continued to hold the line. Finally, 150th Bde's turn came, and it was evacuated to England on 2 June.


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), Battle of France
50th (N) Division spent almost a year re-equipping and training in the UK, taking its place in the anti-invasion defences, before it was chosen for renewed overseas service.


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), North Africa
50th (N) Division sailed to reinforce Middle East Forces on 23 April 1941, landing in Egypt on 13 June. It was then sent to garrison Cyprus, but 150th Bde was detached to Western Desert Force (WDF). However, the WDF's Operation Battleaxe had failed, 150th Bde was not immediately required, and in August it rejoined 50th (N) Division in Cyprus. In November the division moved by sea and road to Iraq, but once again 150th Bde was detached to Egypt as an independent brigade group, arriving on 29 November and joining Eighth Army on 22 December.


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), North Africa
While operating as an independent brigade group it included the following additional units:


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), North Africa
Operation Crusader was just ending as the brigade arrived in the desert, and there was a lull of some months before active operations restarted. The rest of 50th (N) Division arrived in February, and 150th Bde reverted to its command on 22 February, but all of its brigades were to operate as independent groups in the next phase of fighting (the Battle of Gazala).


150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom), North Africa, Battle of Gazala
The "Gazala Line" was a series of occupied "boxes" each of brigade strength set out across the desert with minefields and wire watched by regular patrols between the boxes. When General Erwin Rommel attacked on 26 May, 150th and 69th Bdes of 50th Division occupied two boxes: there was a gap of 6 miles (9.7 km) between 150th Bde at Sidi Muftah and 69th Bde to the north, and another gap of 13 miles (21 km) between 150th Bde and 1st Free French Brigade's box at Bir Hakeim to the south.