162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Defense
With new facilities under construction at Springfield, the 162d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron conducted their transition training from temporary facilities at Wright-Patterson AFB. The F-84E Thunderjets were Korean War veteran aircraft and the squadron received training in the equipment from the Ohio ANG 164th and 166th Tactical Fighter Squadrons.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In November 1957 the squadron received new F-84F Thunderstreak jet interceptors and the squadron was re-designated as the 162nd Fighter-Interceptor Squadron (Day) (Special Delivery). This designation reflected a dual mission which the squadron was tasked. The day interceptor mission of Air Defense Command, and a tactical nuclear weapon delivery mission by Tactical Air Command. Although the 162d trained for the delivery of tactical nuclear weapons, it never had any actual nuclear weapons on hand, nor did the base at Springfield ever had nuclear weapon storage facilities.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
On 10 November 1958, the squadron was re-designated as the 162nd Tactical Fighter Squadron and the squadron ended its attachment to Air Defense Command, returning to Tactical Air Command control. In 1959 and 1960 the squadron participated in exercises Dark Cloud and Pine Cone III, the latter taking place at Congaree AFB, South Carolina. In the exercises, the squadron practiced delivery of tactical nuclear weapons in the fictitious country of "North Saladia".


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
During the 1961 Berlin Crisis, the 162nd was federalized as part of the 121st Tactical Fighter Wing and Group for a period of twelve months beginning on 1 October. When activated, the 121st TFW consisted of three operational units, the 164th Tactical Fighter Squadron, based at Mansfield Lahm Regional Airport, Mansfield, Ohio; the 166th Tactical Fighter Squadron based at Lockbourne AFB, Ohio, and the 162d TFS at Springfield. However, due to funding shortages, only 26 F-84F's of 166th TFS were deployed to Étain-Rouvres Air Base, France, although several ground support units from the 162d and 164th were also deployed. The squadron, however, remained under Federal USAF control until the crisis ended and it was returned to Ohio state control on 31 August 1962.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
After the Berlin Federalization ended, 15 October 1962, the 162d was authorized to expand to a group level, and the 178th Tactical Fighter Group was established by the National Guard Bureau. The 162d TFS becoming the group's flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 178th Headquarters, 178th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 178th Combat Support Squadron, and the 178th USAF Dispensary.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In 1967, the 162d TFS deployed to Hickam AFB, Hawaii for Tropic Lighting III, an exercise designed to assist in the training of Army ground units prior to their deployment to South Vietnam. This deployment required two over-water air refuelings in either direction.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
1968 was the first time the 162d participated in a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) exercise. It deployed to Greece, participating in Operation Deep Furrow 68 at Larrossa Air Base. On this exercise fourteen F-84Fs were deployed, staging though Lajes Field, Azores and Torrejon Air Base, Spain. During Deep Furrow, they performed air-to-ground maneuvers with the United States Navy's Sixth Fleet. Upon their return, the 162d TFS deployed eight aircraft to Alaska in November for Operation Punch Card IV.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In the spring of 1970, the F-84F Thunderstreaks were sent to Davis-Monthan AFB for storage, the squadron receiving Vietnam War Veteran F-100D/F Super Sabres. Concentration on the qualifications of aircrews, munitions load crews and the attainment of a C-3 combat readiness rating were the primary objectives for 1971. The squadron achieved C-3 on 30 August, a "first" for F-100D-equipped Air Guard units. January 1972 saw the squadron in extensive practice for their pending 9th Air Force Operational Readiness Inspection (ORI). The ORI was conducted in March and the 9th Air Force did not agree with the unit's C-3 rating. A retake was scheduled in June, with the 162d coming away with the TAC-confirmed rating of C-1, the first F-100D squadron to achieve this feat.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
During April 1973, the squadron participated in "Gallant Hand '73," a large-scale U.S. Readiness Command Joint Forces Training exercise at Fort Hood, Texas. Flying a 98 percent sortie rate. In August, the 162d took part in another joint training exercise called Operation Ember Dawn/Punch Card XIX at Eielson AFB, Alaska. In October, the TAC Unit Achievement Award was received for the fourth consecutive time, and the General Frank P. Lahm Air Safety Trophy was awarded for the second consecutive year.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
31 May 1974 saw the 162d's accident-free flying streak end at 69 months when a pilot was forced to eject from his out-of-control F-100D. The unit participated in "Sentry Guard Strike V" at Volk Field, Wisconsin during 13–27 July the same year. In September 1975, the 162d was selected as a replacement for another unit to participate in NATO's "Reforger '75" Cornet Razor exercise at Ramstein AB, West Germany as part of a series of NATO exercises called "Autumn Forge." Deploying thirteen F-100D aircraft, 162d pilots provided close air support as the aggressor in exercise "Captain Trek," flying 121 sorties with 198 hours of flying time.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
January 1976 saw the unit preparing for Operation Snowbird and the pending April ORI. "Snowbird" was conducted at Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona. and was designed to give pilots favorable weather locations for clear weather flying opportunities. To provide its pilots with proficiency for real combat conditions, the 162d took part in "Red Flag 77-9." Captain Edward J. Mechenbier, a former Vietnam War POW, was selected as the outstanding fighter pilot for 1977.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
January 1978 initiated the conversion to the Vought Corporation's A-7D Corsair II attack aircraft. The conversion from the F-100 to the A-7 was accomplished in less than three months, the fastest ever for an Air Force or Air National Guard unit. The first major deployment with the A-7 was to Patrick AFB, Florida, on 12 August in support of Forward Air Controller training. Also in 1978, the 162d participated in "Red Flag 78-9" on 23 September, and "Tequilla Shooter" at Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, Arizona, from 14 to 20 November.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
The first deployment in 1979 was "Operation Snowbird" again as 118 enlisted and 30 officers deployed to Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona. in support of the exercise. "Sabre Sluff 79-2," a locally generated version of "Red Flag" was conducted at Springfield during 26–28 April, providing realistic training for the 162d's flying, communications, and radar control units. 13–15 September saw a second "Sabre Sluff" exercise, now known as "Buckeye Flag," carried out.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
The 1980 exercise year started with "Empire Glacier" at Fort Drum, New York. The 162d was awarded the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award for its meritorious service from 1 March 1978 to 28 February 1979. In April, the 162d was teamed with the Ohio ANG 166th Tactical Fighter Squadron in support of exercise "Cope Elite." The exercise which was carried out at NAS Barbers Point, Hawaii, involved combat training for U.S. Army and Air Force units based in Hawaii.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In February 1981, Major John Smith commanded a six-aircraft deployment to the 49th TFW at Holloman AFB, New Mexico for Dissimilar air combat training (DACT). In March, the squadron flew close air support (CAS) missions for opposing forces during "Eagle Strike I," an exercise involving two brigades for the 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. During the May exercise "Maple Flag 7," support was given to the Ohio ANG 112th Tactical Fighter Squadron for a 30-day rotation TDY to Howard AFB, Panama. This deployment provided the only operational fighters in the Southern Command. In July, the 162d participated in the Michigan-based combat readiness exercise "Sentry Buckeye XI," the first "Sentry Buckeye" to be flown from the Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
1982 was a busy year with the unit taking part in eight individual exercises, including "Red Flag 82-4" at Nellis AFB, Nevada. The 162d won the annual Ohio ANG "Turkey Shoot" competition in October at the Jefferson Proving Ground air-to-ground range. The squadron also celebrated its 35th anniversary with an open house and a military ball.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
More deployments were in store for 1983, starting with "Coronet Castle" in April. In June, the 162d completed five and one-half years of accident-free flying and earned the Tactical Air Command Flight Safety Award.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
1984's first deployment was the Panama rotation. In April, it was up to Canada for exercise "Maple Flag." The June "Sentry Buckeye" at Alpena Mich. pitted "friendly" forces against "aggressor" forces from the Missouri ANG 131st Tactical Fighter Wing, St. Louis. A deployment in December for another Operation Snowbird at Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona. rounded out the year. A "Red Flag" exercise at Nellis AFB, Nevada was the first deployment for 1985. "Solid Shield," a joint exercise with the 166th TFS was conducted in May at the Naval Air Station, Key West, Florida. In June, it was off to the Panama Canal Zone for a deployment involving 50 personnel and four aircraft.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In 1986, DACT missions were conducted from January to April at various locations. Also in April, CAS sorties were flown for the Canadian Forces Operation School. "Coronet Miami," a six-week NATO exercise, was begun at RAF Sculthorpe, England. There the 162d trained with military elements of NATO and the U.S. Air Forces in Europe. In November, 14 aircraft and 149 personnel supported "Operation Snowbird." The final 162d deployment for 1986 was at CFB Chatham, New Brunswick. There, CAS missions were provided for the school that trains forward controller for the Canadian Armed Forces. With all of the flying, the 162d ended the year with the prestigious Tappan Memorial Trophy, awarded to Ohio's outstanding Air National Guard Unit.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
On 28 February 1987, the 162d deployed five A-7D aircraft and 41 personnel to MacDill AFB, Florida in support of the 9th Air Force FAC (Forward Air Controller Training). In March 1987, the 162d rotated to support CORNET COVE XII, a 30-day mission to Howard AFB, Panama in which the 162d maintained the only operational fighter in the Southern Air Command. Nine officers and 43 members deployed four A-7D aircraft to provide the 24th Composite Wing the support they needed.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In 1988, the 162d took twelve aircraft to participate in SNOWBIRD for the December deployment that allowed the jets to schedule heavy air operations in Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona. 1989 saw the 162d participate in Panama for the 11th time in 19 years to support CORONET COVE. Nine officers and 46 enlisted provided five aircraft to support the 24th Composite Wing operations. In May 1989, the 162d deployed in support of CORONET PINE I and II at RAF Sculthorpe, England. After a series of groundings, the 162d deployed five aircraft and 295 personnel to participate in a major NATO exercise called CENTRAL ENTERPRISE at RAF Boscombe Down, England.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In 1990, Operation Desert Storm saw 93 unit members deploy to the Middle East, but the A-7D aircraft remained in Ohio as by then, they were considered second-line aircraft, being replaced by the A-10 Thunderbolt II in front-line combat service. In September 1990, the 162d deployed to the Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center, Michigan for field training. The 162d ended 1990 at Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona, in support of the December exercise SNOWBIRD. In March 1991, the 162d deployed to the Gulfport Combat Readiness Training Center, Mississippi and flew a total of 219 sorties during the deployment exercise.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In September 1991, the 162d deployed seven aircraft to Nellis AFB, Nevada, to participate in AIR WARRIOR exercise. The 162d deployed again to support SNOWBIRD at Davis-Monthan AFB in November 1991. In 1992 the 162d deployed to Savannah Air National Guard Base, Georgia to support practicing units for the William Tell Competition and then traveled to Otis Air National Guard Base, Massachusetts for DACT training soon after.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Tactical Air Command
In May 1993 the 162d hosted a farewell to the A-7D Corsair II. The SLUF Salute was an Air Force sanctioned event to say farewell to this great aircraft that the 162d flew from 1978 to 1993. The 162d flew the last public demonstration of the A-7D Corsair II in the United States. While assigned to the unit, the aircraft flew a total of 55,357.4 hours.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
In March 1992, the unit adopted the USAF Objective Wing organization and the 178th Tactical Fighter Group became simply the 178th Fighter Group; the 162d as a Fighter Squadron. On 1 June of that year, Tactical Air Command was inactivated as part of the Air Force re-organizing after the end of the Cold War. Air Combat Command (ACC) became the gaining major command for the 178th.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
During May 1993 the squadron marked the end of 15 years of A-7D operations with the 162d Fighter Squadron. Later in the year the conversion to the Block 30 F-16C Fighting Falcon. The 162d took twelve F-16's, 20 pilots and over 600 personnel to Operation WINTERBASE at the Gulfport Combat Readiness Training Center, Mississippi, to perform flight training for the first big deployment with the new F-16Cs. During the month long deployment, 30 aircrew certifications were attained and the sortie generation was the largest ever by the 178th Fighter Group.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
For LONGSHOT 94, the 162d launched four F-16's in support of the competition. The mission was for the aircraft to rendezvous with the various units fly to Nellis AFB, Nevada to drop ordnance on target and on time. Opposing Red Air Enemy attempted to thwart the attack. The 162d was part of the outstanding 3rd place team.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
In 1995, Operation SNOWBIRD occurred in February, with the 162d flying 223 sorties for live weapons and desert combat simulations. Later in April 1995, the 162d provided RED AIR for Tyndall AFB, Florida air training in Dissimilar air combat training (DACT) called LONGSHOT 95. In June 1995, the 162d deployed to Karup Air Base, Denmark to participate in NATO exercises BALTOP 95 and CENTRAL ENTERPRISE. The 162d provided RED AIR for the BALTOP exercise and flew 225 sorties in CENTRAL ENTERPRISE with eight of the F-16 aircraft from the 162d.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
On 11 October 1995, in accordance with the Air Force One Base-One Wing directive, the 178th Fighter Group was expanded and changed in status to the 178th Fighter Wing. Under the Objective Wing organization, the 162d Fighter Squadron was assigned to the 178th Operations Group. Support groups to the wing were the 178th Maintenance Group, 178th Mission Support Group and the 178th Medical Group. In December 1995, DACT training occurred again for the 162d at the Gulfport CRTC, Mississippi.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
During the period of 1995 to 1998, the 162d took first place in the "Turkey Shoot" Competition in Indiana, taking on units from the Ohio ANG and other participating states showing the 162d skill and accuracy in air-to-ground employment.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
In mid-1996, the Air Force, in response to budget cuts, and changing world situations, began experimenting with Air Expeditionary organizations. The Air Expeditionary Force (AEF) concept was developed that would mix Active-Duty, Reserve and Air National Guard elements into a combined force. Instead of entire permanent units deploying as "Provisional" as in the 1991 Gulf War, Expeditionary units are composed of "aviation packages" from several wings, including active-duty Air Force, the Air Force Reserve Command and the Air National Guard, would be married together to carry out the assigned deployment rotation.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
In August 1996, the 162d Expeditionary Fighter Squadron (162d EFS) was first formed from 178th personnel and aircraft and deployed to Al Jaber Air Base, Kuwait to support Operation Southern Watch and Operation Desert Strike with the mission to enforce the southern no-fly zone imposed by the United Nations over Iraq. In 1997, the 162d Fighter Squadron deployed to Tyndall AFB, Florida for a COMBAT ARCHER exercise to perform supersonic air-to-air combat with drones.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Combat Command
In May 1997, the 162d EFS was again formed, deploying to Incirlik Air Base, Turkey to support Operation Northern Watch. Later in 1997, the 162d Fighter Squadron invited past members to attend the 50th Anniversary Celebration of the squadron at Springfield. In 1998 the 162d deployed to Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska for Exercise Cope Thunder arctic training.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Education and Training Command
In 1998 the mission of the 178th Fighter Wing was changed to become a flying training unit under Air Education and Training Command (AETC). Its new mission was to skillfully train and support Active Duty, Guard and Reserve F-16 pilots as an Advanced Flight Training Unit. Its gaining command was officially changed from Air Combat Command to AETC on 17 March 1999. As part of the new mission, the 162d received Block 30 F-16D twin-seat trainers which provided the aircraft required for training. Courses included the Basic Course, or also known as the B-course, which was for students who have never flown a fighter aircraft, but are graduates of Air Force Undergraduate Pilot Training. Students were put through an 8.5-month training module. This included in class time, simulator training and in-flight training.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Education and Training Command
In 2000 the 162d took their F-16's to Savannah Air National Guard Base, Georgia for Annual Training. In 2001, the 162d went back to Hickam AFB, Hawaii for the first time in 20 years to participate in exercise SENTRY ALOHA 01.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Air Education and Training Command
In September 2001, while on Annual Training at the Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center, Michigan, 11 September 2001 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon occurred. The 162d flew numerous missions in support of homeland defense and for Operation Noble Eagle.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, BRAC 2005 and closeout of F-16 operations
Under the 2005 Base Closure and Realignment Commission (BRAC), a decision came down that the parent 178th Fighter Wing would lose its sixteen F-16s and ultimately convert to a drone squadron. The Springfield aircraft would be distributed to the 132d Fighter Wing, Des Moines IAP AGS, IA (nine aircraft); the 140th Wing (ANG), Buckley AFB, CO (three aircraft) and 149th Fighter Wing (ANG), Lackland AFB, TX (four aircraft). It was later revealed that the decision may have been a mistake as the 2005 BRAC decision did not take into account that the 162d FS was indeed a training squadron, however the decision stood.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, BRAC 2005 and closeout of F-16 operations
In the interim, through the Foreign Military Sales program, the 178th was able to obtain another training mission with the Royal Netherlands Air Force. In April 2007 the Dutch 306 Detachment from Tucson Air National Guard Base, Arizona moved to Springfield to provide a different training environment. The detachment was not associated directly to the 162d FS. However the Springfield facilities were F-16 ready so as a result, when the 162d FS shut down their F-16 operations, the Dutch detachment would leave shortly after. The current RNlAF training mission at Springfield ANGB ended in 2010 when the unit returned for Arizona. About 6 classes graduated out of the Dutch detachment while at Springfield.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, BRAC 2005 and closeout of F-16 operations
The 162d FS graduated its final American F-16 Basic Course class on 12 December 2009. The class had started on 30 March 2009. In the squadron's tenure, as a training squadron, a total 77 pilots went through the B-course. Another 273 people went for pilots upgrading to operational or formal training instructor pilot. This made a total of 350 pilots that received any pilot training at Springfield.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, BRAC 2005 and closeout of F-16 operations
Knowing the American training mission would be ending soon, the 178th pursued another foreign military trainingmission with the Singapore Air Force. However, in 2009 it became apparent that mission would not be coming to Springfield due to economic limitations.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, BRAC 2005 and closeout of F-16 operations
Just prior to the squadron closing out Viper operations, on 22 April 2010 the squadron had a more well received deployment in Hungary. The fifteen-day deployment allowed USAF F-16s to fly with Hungarian Air Force Saab JAS 39 Gripens, MiG-29s and the Mi-24s. The American pilots and Hungarian AF pilots had the opportunity to engage in various air-to-air scenarios.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, BRAC 2005 and closeout of F-16 operations
For the 162d FS the final sortie was on 30 July 2010. To celebrate the squadron's history, F-16C #86-0364 was painted up in special markings and incorporated some markings from the famous Second World War P-51 Mustang 'Old Crow'. On the last flight four of the most senior pilots in the squadron with the most hours in the F-16 flew. The four pilots had a combined 100 years in fighters and topped out at 15,920 hours in fighters with 12,380 of those hours in the Viper.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, BRAC 2005 and closeout of F-16 operations
Although the last sortie had been a few months earlier, the last American aircraft departed Springfield on 20 September 2010. This ended the manned flying mission of the 162d FS. The Dutch detachment was scheduled to return to Tucson AGB, Arizona by January 2011. Instead they pulled out early and were gone from Springfield by 15 November 2010 when the last Dutch F-16 departed.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Reconnaissance mission
On 7 May 2010 the DoD and the Air Force decided to assign the 178th a new mission as a ground control station for the General Atomics MQ-1 Predator and an extension of the intelligence analysis mission from the National Air and Space Intelligence Center.


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Reconnaissance mission
Conversion to the MQ-1 began in 2010. The mission is under the control of the Air Combat Command. Pilots based in Springfield can fly MQ-1s on the other side of the world in Iraq or Afghanistan. A second component works under the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC).


162d Reconnaissance Squadron, History, Ohio Air National Guard, Reconnaissance mission
The 178th Operations Group was re-designated as the 178th Reconnaissance Group and consists of the 162d Reconnaissance Squadron and the 178th Operational Support Squadron with 131 traditional and 81 full-time personnel. The 178th maintenance group was re-designated as the 178th Intelligence Group with the Air Force ISR Agency (AFISRA) as the gaining major command and consists of four intelligence squadrons: geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) squadron, space analysis squadron, cyberspace analysis squadron and a foreign military exploitation (FME) squadron. The 178 IG has 175 traditional Guardsmen and 124 full-time personnel assigned.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade
The East Midland Brigade was an infantry brigade of the Territorial Force, part of the British Army, that was raised in 1908. As the name suggests, it commanded infantry battalions recruited in the East Midlands of England: Bedfordshire, Northamptonshire, Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire. The brigade was an integral part of the East Anglian Division.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade
It was numbered as the 162nd (East Midland) Brigade (and the division as 54th (East Anglian) Division) and saw active service in the First World War at Gallipoli in 1915, Egypt in 1916 and in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in 1917 and 1918.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade
Disbanded after the war, the brigade was reformed in the Territorial Army as the 162nd Infantry Brigade and continued to be part of the 54th (East Anglian) Infantry Division. In the Second World War, the brigade remained in the United Kingdom throughout the war and did not see service and was disbanded in August 1944.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade
The brigade was reformed in 1947 as 162nd Independent Infantry Brigade before being finally disbanded in 1961.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Formation
The Territorial Force (TF) was formed on 1 April 1908 following the enactment of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw.7, c.9) which combined and re-organised the old Volunteer Force, the Honourable Artillery Company and the Yeomanry. On formation, the TF contained 14 infantry divisions and 14 mounted yeomanry brigades. One of the divisions was the East Anglian Division and the East Midland Brigade formed one of its constituent brigades.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Formation
As the name suggests, the brigade recruited in the East Midlands of England and commanded four infantry battalions:


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Formation
In peacetime, the brigade headquarters was in Bedford. The battalions were organized on an 8-company basis, but shortly after the outbreak of the First World War they were reorganized on the regular army standard of four companies in January 1915.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War
The brigade was on its annual fortnight's training camp when the First World War broke out on 4 August 1914. It immediately mobilized and concentrated at Bury St Edmunds; it was employed on coastal defence duties in East Anglia until May 1915.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War
In accordance with the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw.7, c.9) which brought the Territorial Force into being, the TF was intended to be a home defence force for service during wartime and members could not be compelled to serve outside the country. However, on the outbreak of war on 4 August 1914, many members volunteered for Imperial Service. Therefore, TF units were split into 1st Line (liable for overseas service) and 2nd Line (home service for those unable or unwilling to serve overseas) units. 2nd Line units performed the home defence role, although in fact most of these were also posted abroad in due course. The East Midland Brigade formed the 2nd East Midland Brigade in this manner with an identical structure.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War
The 1/1st Battalion, Hertfordshire Regiment left the brigade on 6 November 1914, landed at Le Havre and joined the 4th (Guards) Brigade in 2nd Division on the Western Front. It was to remain on the Western Front for the rest of the war. Likewise, the 1/1st Battalion, Cambridgeshire Regiment landed at Le Havre on 15 February 1915 and joined the 82nd Brigade in 27th Division. It also spent the rest of the war on the Western Front. They were replaced by the 10th (Hackney) and 11th (Finsbury Rifles) battalions of the London Regiment, transferred from 3rd London Brigade, 1st London Division in April 1915.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Gallipoli
In May 1915, the brigade concentrated with its division in the St Albans area to prepare for overseas service. In mid-May, the East Anglian Division was numbered as 54th (East Anglian) Division and the brigade became 162nd (East Midland) Brigade. On 8 July it was warned for service at Gallipoli and between 28 and 30 July it departed Devonport (Beds and Northants battalions) and Liverpool (London battalions) for the Mediterranean. On the night of 10/11 August 1915 the brigade landed at Suvla with its division as part of IX Corps.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Gallipoli
The brigade's first attack was against Kiretch Tepe Ridge and Kidney Hill in support of the 10th (Irish) Division on 15 August which cost a high price: the 1/5th Bedfords suffered casualties of 14 officers and 300 other ranks, the 1/10th Londons 6 and 260 and the 1/11th Londons 9 and 350 (the 1/4th Northants had not yet landed). After the failure of the Battle of Scimitar Hill (21 August), the Suvla front subsided into trench warfare.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Gallipoli
The brigade spent September, October and November serving turns in frontline trenches with names like Finsbury Vale and New Bedford Road, battalions normally spending about a week at a time in the frontline with the enemy lines being as little as 15–50 yards away. Sniping and artillery attacks were a constant problem, as was the heat, flies, and lack of sanitation.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Gallipoli
The brigade was withdrawn from Suvla in early December, departing for Mudros and from there to Egypt.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Sinai and Palestine
The brigade arrived at Mena Camp, Cairo on 19 December 1915. It would spend the rest of the war in Egypt, Palestine and Syria.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Sinai and Palestine
On 2 April 1916, the brigade joined No. 1 (Southern) Section of the Suez Canal Defences.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Sinai and Palestine
In 1917, the brigade took part in the invasion of Palestine. It fought in the First Battle of Gaza (26 and 27 March), the Second Battle of Gaza (17–19 April) under Eastern Force, and the Third Battle of Gaza (27 October – 7 November), the Capture of Gaza (1–7 November) and the Battle of Jaffa (21 and 22 December) as part of XXI Corps.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Sinai and Palestine
Still with XXI Corps, in 1918 the brigade took part in the Fight at Ras el'Ain (12 March) and Berukin (9 and 10 April). It then took part in the Final Offensive in Palestine in the Battle of Sharon (19–23 September). The brigade reached Haifa by 4 October, and advanced on Beirut via Acre, Tyre and Sidon concentrating at Beirut by 5 November. However, the Armistice of Mudros had ended the war with the Ottoman Empire on 31 October.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, First World War, Sinai and Palestine
The division and brigade were withdrawn to Egypt in late November and December, concentrating at Helmie by 7 December. On 6 January 1919, the 162nd Brigade Trench Mortar Battery was disbanded marking the start of the demobilization process. By 30 September 1919 the division had disappeared in Egypt.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Inter-war period
The Territorial Force was effectively disbanded in 1919, but started to reform from 1 February 1920 as the units commenced recruiting. From 1 October 1921, it was renamed as the Territorial Army (TA). In 1920, the 54th (East Anglian) Infantry Division (and the brigade) began to reform in Eastern Command with the same structure as the pre-war formation, and the brigade was reconstituted as 162nd (East Midland) Infantry Brigade. However, in the early 1920s, the 1st Battalion, Cambridgeshire Regiment was transferred to 163rd (Norfolk and Suffolk) Infantry Brigade and replaced by the 5th (Huntingdonshire) Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment, previously the Huntingdonshire Cyclist Battalion of the Army Cyclist Corps


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Inter-war period
In 1938, a major reorganization of the Territorial Army saw infantry divisions reduced from twelve to nine battalions and so the 162nd Brigade was reduced from four to three battalions. Consequently, the 4th Northants were transferred to the Royal Engineers and converted as 50th (The Northamptonshire Regiment) Anti - Aircraft Battalion, Royal Engineers with a searchlight role and became part of 32nd (South Midland) Anti - Aircraft Group, 2nd Anti - Aircraft Division. The 5th Northants were transferred to the 143rd (Warwickshire) Infantry Brigade of the 48th (South Midland) Infantry Division in 1938 and received the 1st Cambridgeshires as a replacement (which had transferred to 163rd (Norfolk and Suffolk) Infantry Brigade in the 1920s).


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Inter-war period
By 1939, it became clear that a new European war was likely to break out, and as a direct result of the German invasion of Czechoslovakia on 15 March, the doubling of the Territorial Army was authorised, with each unit and formation forming a duplicate. The 162nd Brigade formed the 55th Infantry Brigade which became part of a new 18th Infantry Division.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Second World War
At the outbreak of Second World War on 3 September 1939, the 162nd Infantry Brigade was part of 54th (East Anglian) Infantry Division in Eastern Command. Apart from a period (5 December 1942 – 15 August 1943) when it served under London District, as 162nd Independent Infantry Brigade from 10 November 1942 to 5 September 1943, the brigade remained with the 54th Division until the division was disbanded in December 1943. Thereafter, the brigade formed part of the Line of communication (LoC) for 21st Army Group, the last two months of its existence under 12th LoC Area.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Second World War
The brigade headquarters disbanded on 31 August 1944, having never left the United Kingdom.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Post war
The Territorial Army was formally disbanded at the end of the war. TA units were reactivated on 1 January 1947, though no personnel were assigned until commanding officers and permanent staff had been appointed in March and April 1947. The brigade was reformed in 1947 as the 162nd Independent Infantry Brigade and commanded:


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, History, Post war
On 1 May 1961, the ten existing TA divisions were merged with the districts, and the number of infantry brigades were reduced from 31 to 23. On 1 April 1961, the 5th Battalion, Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment was amalgamated with the 1st Battalion, Hertfordshire Regiment to form the 1st Battalion, Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment. On 1 May 1961, the 5th (Huntingdonshire) Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment amalgamated with  R (The Northamptonshire Regiment) Battery, 438th Light Anti- Aircraft Regiment RA (formerly 4th Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment) to form 4th/5th Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment.


162nd (East Midland) Brigade, Victoria Cross
The Victoria Cross is the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Two soldiers won the award while serving with the brigade:


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF
The 162nd  (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War. Based in Parry Sound, Ontario, the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in that city. After sailing to England in November 1916, the battalion was absorbed into the 3rd and 4th Reserve Battalions on January 4, 1917. The 162nd Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. J. M. Arthurs.


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, Pre-War Militia
The Northern Pioneers, or the "23rd Regiment, The Northern Fusiliers" was formed on September 1, 1903. The Department of Militia and Defence authorized the formation in 1903 in order to fill the geographical gap between the 35th Simcoe Foresters in Huntsville and the 97th Algonquin Rifles in Sudbury. The Northern Pioneers headquarters in Parry Sound, embraced Muskoka-Parry Sound and as far north as North Bay. To cover the vast territory the regiment was sub-divided into various companies. Parry Sound, geographically speaking, was not an idealistic military district.


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, Pre-War Militia
Other regiments in more urban centres drilled in armouries throughout the year, the Northern Pioneers would get together in summer months for two-week training periods in regular army bases such as Niagara–on-the-Lake. To get to Parry Sound for the summer camp of 1912, the company from Loring had to travel west for 48 km on a wagon road through the bush to catch a CNR train at Salines (later called Drocourt).


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, Pre-War Militia, Regiment command
When the regiment was first activated it was under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel John Henry Knifton who first came to Parry Sound 1895 as the new town clerk. He had 24 years of militia experience with the Queen's Own Rifles of Canada and another nine years with the 36th Peel Regiment. Lieutenant Colonel J.B. Miller was promoted Lieutenant Colonel to command the regiment on 15 September 1909. Miller was the President of the Parry Sound Lumber Company and was appointed Commanding Officer following the retirement of Knifton.


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, Pre-War Militia, Regiment badge
Lieutenant-Colonel Knifton commissioned Duncan F. Macdonald to create a badge to represent the regiment. He tried to combine northern objects into the badge; a canoe is recognizable in the final product.


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, Pre-War Militia, War is declared
War was declared on 4 August 1914. Hundreds of men were members of the Northern Pioneers, yet only a fraction, just a little over 100 members, enlisted in the Great War. The members who did join left Parry Sound on August 20, 1914, for Val Cartier near Quebec City. The Northern Pioneers, being too small of a group to form a battalion, had to blend with the London-based 1st Canadian Infantry Battalion, 1st Brigade, 1st Canadian Contingent. Francis Pegahmagabow was one of the men who voluntarily enlisted in Parry Sound days after war had been declared and became a member of this 1st battalion.


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, Pre-War Militia, After the war
The Northern Pioneers came back into existence after the war and remained in existence until 1936 when it was absorbed into the Algonquin Regiment, based out of North Bay.


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, The 162nd Battalion
A year into the First World War the Prime Minister of Canada, Robert Borden, decided the Canadian forces were to be doubled in size to half a million soldiers. This number was going to be difficult to garner since the total population of Canada at the time was around 8 million. A plan was devised by Minister of Militia, Sam Hughes, to turn each electoral district into a battalion area. The thought process was that more people would be willing to enlist if they knew they would be going overseas with their friends and neighbours. The plan worked and on 2 December 1915 the 23rd Regiment in Parry Sound was authorized to raise the 162nd Battalion.


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, The 162nd Battalion, Battalion Numbers and Insignia
Numbers and insignia were randomly drawn for each battalion; Parry Sound drew 162 whereas the neighbouring Muskoka drew 122. The 162nd Battalion badge was a pair of axes parked in a pine stump. The battalion referred to themselves as the "Timber Wolves from Parry Sound" due to their lineage tracing back to the 23rd Northern Pioneers, whose badge had the head of a wolf on it.


162nd (Parry Sound) Battalion, CEF, The 162nd Battalion, Call to Arms and Absorption
Over 700 men enlisted and went to war. On 11 August 1916 the Battalion made its way to Camp Niagara-on-the-Lake for advanced training. On October 31, 1916, the ranks in training in Niagara sailed from Halifax on the Caronia. The 162nd Battalion existed for a short time though. They operated out of Canada from 2 December 1915 to November 1, 1916. They then went to Europe but were only a whole group from 11 November 1916 to 4 January 1917. From that point on they were broken up and absorbed into the 3rd and 4th battalion, used as reinforcement for the Canadian Corps. out in the field.


162nd Division (1st Formation)(People's Republic of China)
The 162nd Division(Chinese: 第50师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 13th Independent Division of Northeastern People's Liberation Army,  formed in September.


162nd Division (1st Formation)(People's Republic of China)
The division was part of 49th Corps. Under the flag of 162nd division it took part in the Chinese civil war. In October 1949 the division was disbanded.


162nd Division (Israel)
The Israel Defense Forces 162nd Armor Division, also known as the Steel Formation (Hebrew: עֻצְבַּת הַפְּלָדָה, Utzbat HaPlada), is a regular-service armor division in the IDF. It is subordinate to the Southern Regional Command. The division is led by Brigadier-General Moti Baruch.


162nd Division (Israel)
It played a critical role in the 1973 Yom Kippur War in the Sinai under Abraham Adan.


162nd Division (Israel)
Although attached to the Central Command at the time, the 162nd Division participated in battles against Hezbollah, from July to August 2006, in the western sector of southern Lebanon and north of Bint Jbail. The division reached the strategic Litani River, that separates Hezbollah-controlled Lebanon from central Lebanon. The division participated in additional skirmishes with Hezbollah as late as September 27.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment
The 162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment (Russian: 162-й истребительный авиационный полк) was a fighter regiment (IAP) of the Soviet Air Force during World War II that became part of the Soviet Air Defense Force (PVO) during the Cold War as the 162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment PVO. It was disbanded in 1959 during the reorganization of the PVO.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
The 162nd IAP was formed on 1 January 1941 at Mogilev in the Western Special Military District. Equipped with the Polikarpov I-16 monoplane and  Polikarpov I-153 biplane fighters, the regiment was formed from young graduates of flight-technical schools. It was assigned to the 43rd Fighter Aviation Division (IAD) of the Air Forces (VVS) of the Western Special Military District (which became the VVS of the Western Front after 22 June). When Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, began on 22 June, the regiment began flying sorties with its I-16s.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
It was withdrawn to Kursk on 29 June and transferred to the 60th Mixed Aviation Division (SmAD) of the VVS of the Orel Military District. There, between 3 July and 18 August, the regiment converted to newer Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 fighters and was reorganized to a structure that included three aviation squadrons and a total of 32 combat aircraft from its prewar structure of four squadrons with 63 combat aircraft. The 162nd IAP flew sorties on the MiG-3 with the 60th SmAD, now part of the Bryansk Front, between 20 August and 16 October.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
The first regimental commander, Major Mikhail Reznik, was severely wounded in October and evacuated to a hospital, but did not return to combat and spent the rest of the war on staff duty. He was replaced by Captain Boris Kukin in November, who was later promoted to major and commanded the regiment until February 1943.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
It was soon withdrawn to Ob in the Siberian Military District, where it retrained on the Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 with the 19th Reserve Fighter Aviation Regiment between 26 November and 15 January 1942, and reorganized to include two squadrons with a total of twenty combat aircraft. The regiment was then moved west to Seyma in the Moscow Military District, where it completed its LaGG-3 training with the 2nd Reserve IAP between 25 January and 28 February.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
The 162nd reentered combat on 9 March, directly subordinated to the command of the VVS Western Front. The regiment became part of the 5th Shock Aviation Group of the Reserve of the Supreme High Command on 15 April, which was directly subordinated to the VVS Western Front. A month later, it was reorganized as a mixed aviation regiment (SAP) while retaining its number; the regiment now included one LaGG-3 squadron and two squadrons of Polikarpov U-2 reconnaissance aircraft. The 162nd SAP flew sorties with the VVS of the 5th Army of the Western Front until February 1943.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
The regiment became an IAP again on 18 February, this time with three squadrons allotted a total of 32 combat aircraft (ten per squadron and two in headquarters flight). Simultaneously, it was re-equipped with newer Yakovlev Yak-1 and Yak-7B fighters in the rear of the front, and Major Aleksandr Lopukhovsky took command. Four days later, the 162nd returned to combat as part of the 309th IAD of the 1st Air Army of the Western Front (which became the 3rd Belorussian Front on 24 April 1944); it would serve with the 309th for the rest of the war.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
Major Pyotr Kolomin replaced Lopukhovsky on 27 July; he would command the regiment for the rest of the war and be promoted to lieutenant colonel. While in combat between 1943 and 1944, the regiment received upgraded Yakovlev Yak-9 fighters as replacement aircraft. During its time with the 1st Air Army, the regiment flew 2,548 sorties with the loss of 44 aircraft and 29 pilots.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
Together with the 309th IAD, the regiment transferred to the 4th Air Army of the 2nd Belorussian Front on 28 April 1944. For its contributions in the capture of Grodno during Operation Bagration in midyear, the 162nd received the name of the city as an honorific on 25 July. It was further decorated with the Order of the Red Banner on 2 August in recognition of its "exemplary performance of sorties" and "courage and valor". The regiment was reorganized to include three squadrons with a total of 40 aircraft (12 to each squadron and four in headquarters flight) in November.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
The regiment ended the war with the 2nd Belorussian Front on 9 May. It received its final decoration, the Order of Suvorov, 3rd class, on 4 June, for its actions in the capture of Prenzlau and Angermünde during the Berlin Offensive. During its service with the 4th Air Army, the regiment flew 6,001 sorties with the loss of 29 aircraft and seventeen pilots.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, World War II
Out of 58 combat and 30 operational aircraft losses between 1943 and 1945, the regiment lost one I-16 and two LaGG-3s in 1943, nine Yak-1s, 33 Yak-7Bs, and 43 Yak-9s. Having flown 1,400 sorties in 1941 and 1,873 in 1942, the regiment made a total of 11,822 sorties during the war. It claimed 31 enemy aircraft downed in 1941, nineteen in 1942, 144 in 1943, 43 in 1944, and fourteen in 1945. Pilot losses between 1943 and 1945 totalled 45, with 22 in 1943, nineteen in 1944, and four in 1945.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, Postwar
After the end of the war, the regiment remained with the 4th Air Army in the Northern Group of Forces and was re-equipped with the Yakovlev Yak-3 fighter in October. It transferred with the 309th to the 7th Air Army of the Baku Military District between November and December. After arriving in the Baku Military District, it again transferred with the 309th to the 11th Air Army of the Transcaucasian Military District in April 1946.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, Postwar
This proved to be brief, and in May the regiment was sent to Kubinka in the Moscow Military District to retrain on the American Bell P-63 Kingcobra Lend-Lease fighter, returning to the 309th after the completion of its conversion and being transferred with the division to the 5th Fighter Aviation Corps (IAK) of the 7th Air Army of the Transcaucasian Military District in December 1947.


162nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, Postwar
Receiving its first Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9 jet fighters in April 1949, the regiment was sent to Gunshulin in the People's Republic of China with the 309th IAD between October 1950 and March 1952 to train People's Liberation Army Air Force pilots on jet fighters and provide air defense. After returning from China, the regiment and its division became part of the 37th IAK of the 64th (later the 52nd) Fighter Air Defense Army. On the disbandment of the 309th IAD in November 1958, the regiment joined the 297th IAD PVO of the Moscow Air Defense District. This assignment proved brief, as it was disbanded with the 297th on 5 October 1959 during a reorganization of the PVO.


162nd Fighter Wing
The 162nd Fighter Wing (162 FW sometimes 162d) is a unit of the Arizona Air National Guard, stationed at Tucson Air National Guard Base, Arizona. If activated to federal service, the wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Education and Training Command.


162nd Fighter Wing, Mission
The primary mission of the 162nd Fighter Wing is education and flight training of international F-16 Fighting Falcon aircrews. In addition, the wing performs air defense and homeland protection of the United States.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
On 1 July 1969, the Arizona Air National Guard 152nd Tactical Fighter Training Squadron was authorized to expand to a group level, and the 162nd Tactical Fighter Training Group was established by the National Guard Bureau. The 152nd TFTS becoming the group's flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 162nd Headquarters, 162nd Material Squadron (Maintenance), 162nd Combat Support Squadron, and the 162nd USAF Dispensary.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
As part of Tactical Air Command, the 162nd TFTG's mission was producing combat-ready pilots for the F-100 aircraft. The 152nd TFTS equipped with the F-100C Super Sabre, and the group graduated their first students in 1970. Shortly afterward, the unit formed the Air National Guard Fighter Weapons School (FWS) in Tucson. This school taught Air Guard and Reserve fighter pilots from throughout the country to effectively use advanced tactics and weapons technology.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
In 1977, the group received A-7D Corsair II ground support aircraft and replaced the F-100s. In the early 1980s the group also received the A-7K, a two-seat combat-capable training aircraft derived from the single-seat A-7D. This was the first time an aircraft manufacturer produced a new aircraft specifically designed for Air National Guard use.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
The unit received its second Air Force Outstanding Unit Citation for successfully continuing to train F-100 students while completing the most challenging conversion in the unit's history. That tasking was to convert from F-100s to A-7Ds.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
In February 1984, a second squadron, the 195th Tactical Fighter Squadron was assigned to the group and additional A-7Ds were assigned. A third A-7D squadron, the 148th Fighter Squadron was assigned in October 1985. These three squadrons shared a common tail code (AZ), and the group's aircraft were formed in a common pool from which all three squadrons used for training.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
During the 1980s the unit received its fourth Outstanding Unit Citation and the Spaatz Trophy. The Spaatz Trophy recognized the 162nd Fighter Wing as the outstanding Air National Guard unit in the United States.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
In 1985, the unit began a dual training mission using a mixture of F-16 Fighting Falcon and its A-7 aircraft. With the A-7s being retired from the inventory, conversion from the A-7D/K started in 1986 when the group started to receive older F-16A aircraft from other USAF units.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
The mission of the unit was to train combat-ready pilots for the Air National Guard (Replacement Training Unit or RTU), but the older F-16A Block 5 airframes were not quite suited to fulfill this mission. Therefore, a number of more modern F-16A block 15 airframes were introduced in the squadron after 1989 to be able to maintain a more modern training syllabus. The last of the A-7Ds were retired in 1992.


162nd Fighter Wing, History
In 1987, the group was awarded the Sistema de Cooperacion Entre Las Fuerzas Aereas Americanas (SICOFAA), the Safety Award of the Americas. In 1989 the Netherlands and the United States formally agreed to use the 162nd Fighter Group's first-rate facilities and people to train Dutch fighter pilots in the F-16 aircraft. In 1990 the unit received its fifth Air Force Outstanding Unit Citation. Midsummer 1991 saw the retirement of all its A-7D aircraft. Now the unit flies the F-16A/B/C/D and the newer F-16E/F Fighting Falcon aircraft plus a single C-26A Metroliner light transport aircraft.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, International training unit
In 1992 the status of the 162nd was upgraded from group to wing, and the ANG staff decided to modernize the training that the squadron was providing to ANG crews as well as regular USAF units or NATO F-16 pilots. Therefore, more modern F-16C block 42 airframes were delivered to the group. This opened a lot of opportunities. Beginning in April of that year, the 162nd began training fighter pilots for the Republic of Singapore, followed in 1993 by Bahrain, by Portugal in 1994, and by Thailand, Indonesia and Turkey in 1995.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, International training unit
The unit was designated a wing in October 1995 and the international training mission continued to expand, adding Belgium in 1996 followed by Jordan and Norway in the first half of 1997. Denmark began training with the 162nd in June 1998, and Japan began training in late 1998. Italy sent their first pilot to Tucson in October 2000, Greece began training with the wing in January 2001 and the United Arab Emirates sent their first students in August 2001. Oman and Poland both began sending students in 2004. Other nations who have trained or are currently training in Tucson are Israel, Italy, Chile and Taiwan. Additional nations are currently negotiating training programs with the 162nd FW.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, International training unit
In addition to the training done at the ANG base in Tucson, the wing conducts training at individual client nations. Mobile Training Teams have conducted classes in numerous countries around the world, most recently in Turkey, the Netherlands, Thailand and Poland. The Thailand Mobile Training Team conducted the unit's premier international training course, known as the Advanced Weapons Course. This program provides "graduate-level" training to assist allied nations in meeting their need for highly trained F-16 pilots.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, International training unit
On 9 June 1997, the wing embarked on a new mission, training international maintenance technicians on F-16 systems. Jordan sent the first six of nearly 60 technicians to observe and learn 162nd Fighter Wing maintenance techniques so they can emulate what they learn here at their home stations. The training they receive here supplements the technical training they received from the aircraft manufacturer. Italy and the United Arab Emirates have also sent their technicians to Tucson for maintenance training.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, International training unit
From October 1998 until August 1999, the unit conducted a program to convert three former air defense units to the general-purpose role. This air-to-ground training program taught current F-16 air defense pilots how to employ the F-16 in the ground attack mission. Air defense units from the Vermont, New Jersey, Texas and California Air National Guards transferred eight F-16C/Ds to the 162nd FW. These aircraft were used to train nearly 60 pilots from the three air defense units. Maintenance people from these states also provided maintenance support for these aircraft under 162nd Maintenance Group supervision.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States brought immediate change to the 162nd Fighter Wing. Within hours of the first attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, the 162nd FW placed F-16 aircraft on alert. In the days and weeks that followed, the wing met every requirement of this new air defense mission, dubbed Operation Noble Eagle, with outstanding results. Many members of the wing volunteered to support this new mission and others have stepped up and answered the president's call to "mobilize" in support of this critical mission.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
The unit received its sixth Outstanding Unit Award in 2003 for mobilizing more than 300 personnel to support the North American Air Defense Command's Operation Noble Eagle, providing more than 50 personnel to support Central Command's Operation Enduring Freedom, for supporting Joint Forge, Coronet Oak, Coronet Nighthawk and providing personnel to Southern Command and European Command.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, Current status
On 27 June 2004, the 162nd Fighter Wing and the United Arab Emirates initiated a unique training program. The UAE F-16 Training Program is a dedicated F-16 squadron, the 148th Fighter Squadron. The squadron will operate in the long-term with 13 F-16E/F (Block 60) aircraft. The first aircraft arrived on 2 September 2004.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, Current status
Along with the homeland defense mission, the 162nd FW continues its primary mission of international F-16 pilot training. The 162nd Fighter Wing now features new modern buildings, up-to-date equipment and continually updated technology that keeps pace with its rapidly changing roles and missions.


162nd Fighter Wing, History, Current status
The Iraqi government purchased 36 F-16 Fighting Falcons to help rebuild their air force. However, the security situation in Iraq made delivering the aircraft impractical. The decision was made to instead deliver eight of the fighters to Tucson and continue the Iraqi Air Force pilots' training there. The Arizona ANG's 162nd Wing was chosen to provide the training due to its already established experience with foreign students. The wing is home to pilots in training from many nations, including the Netherlands, Norway, Singapore and Japan. All the Iraqi pilots have gone through U.S. pilot training and then move to Arizona for their F-16 training. The first two Iraqi air force F-16D were delivered on 16 December 2014.


162nd Fighter Wing, Lineage, Stations
Aircraft flown through the years:-1956-1957: F-86A Sabre-1957-1958: F-84F Thunderstreak-1958-1966: F-100A Super Sabre-1966-1969: F-102A Delta Dagger-1969-1976: F-100CD Super Sabre-1975-1987: A-7D/K Corsair II-1985–Present: F-16A/C/CG/CJ/E Fighting Falcon


162nd Infantry Brigade (United States)
The 162nd Infantry Brigade was an active duty Infantry training brigade of the United States Army based at Fort Polk, Louisiana. The brigade was responsible for training the Security Forces Assistance – Security Cooperation teams, also known as Military Transition Teams, prior to their deployment to Operations Enduring Freedom and New Dawn from 2010 until its inactivation in 2014.


162nd Infantry Brigade (United States), During World War One
The 81st Infantry Division "Wildcats" was organized as a National Division of the United States Army in August 1917 during World War I at Camp Jackson, South Carolina. The division was originally organized with a small cadre of Regular Army officers, while the soldiers were predominantly Selective Service men drawn from the southeastern United States. After organizing and finishing training, the 81st Division deployed to Europe, arriving on the Western Front in August 1918. Elements of the 81st Division first saw limited action by defending the St. Dié sector in September and early October.


162nd Infantry Brigade (United States), During World War One
After relief of mission, the 81st Division was attached to the American First Army in preparation for the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. In the last days of World War I, the 81st Division attacked a portion of the German Army's defensive line on 9 November 1918, and remained engaged in combat operations until the Armistice with Germany at 1100 hours on 11 November 1918. After the cessation of hostilities, the 81st Division remained in France until May 1919; after which the division was shipped back to the United States and inactivated on 11 June 1919.


162nd Infantry Brigade (United States), During World War One
During World War I, infantry brigades were purely tactical formations. Administrative and logistical functions were conducted by the division headquarters. The brigade headquarters was composed of the commander (a brigadier general), his three aides, a brigade adjutant, and eighteen enlisted men who furnished mess, transportation, and communications services. During World War I, the 162nd Infantry Brigade was composed of 8,134 personnel organized in a Headquarters Detachment with 5 Officers and 18 Enlisted Soldiers, the 321st and 322nd Infantry Regiments each with 3,755 Officers and Enlisted Soldiers, and the 317th Machine Gun Battalion with 581 Officers and Enlisted Soldiers.


162nd Infantry Brigade (United States), During the Global War on Terror
The 162nd Infantry Brigade was organized to assume the advisory training mission and replace the 1st Brigade, 1st Infantry Division which reorganized as a deployable formation. U.S. forces were trained to prepare foreign civilian and military security forces within Afghanistan and Iraq for the transfer of security responsibilities back to the host nations. The Security Forces Assistance – Security Cooperation Team Training Brigade has provided rotational units with the capability to provide training, coaching, and mentoring to the Afghanistan National Army and other Afghan Security forces in Afghanistan.


162nd Infantry Brigade (United States), During the Global War on Terror
The brigade was inactivated as the mission changed to the deployment of brigade combat teams to mentor their foreign counterparts. This mission evolved into the Security Force Assistance Brigade (SFAB) to prevent the disruption to the brigade combat teams' core warfighting competencies and better focus the training and expertise in the dedicated SFABs.


162nd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
The 162nd Infantry Division (162. Infanterie-Division) was a infantry division of the Wehrmacht during World War II.


162nd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), History
The division saw its first action in Operation Barbarossa as part of the XX Army Corps. It advanced over Bialystok and Smolensk to Moscow, where it was dissolved on 23 December 1941, after its destruction in the Battles of Kalinin and Rzhev.


162nd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), History
The Division's command served for the formation of the 162nd Turkoman Division in 1942. The Division's only commander was Generalleutnant Hermann Franke.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 162nd Infantry Regiment is a regiment of the Oregon Army National Guard with headquarters in Springfield, Oregon. In January 2006 as part of the Army's transformation towards a modular force, the 1st Battalion, 162nd Infantry Regiment was inactivated. Many members continued to serve with the 2nd Battalion and other units within the 41st Infantry Brigade Combat Team.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
At one point in World War II, from 1943 until early 1944, the 2d battalion of the 162d was commanded by Archibald Roosevelt, the son of 26th US President, Theodore Roosevelt.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Present
Members of C Company, 1st Battalion, 162nd Infantry Regiment, deployed to Eskan Village in Kuwait in June 1999 through April 2000 to provide security for Patriot sites there. The unit was set to replace a National Guard unit from Arkansas who were deployed there.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Present
Soldiers from the 1st Battalion, 162nd Infantry Regiment deployed to Asahikawa, Japan to participate in NORTHWIND 94 to partake in extreme cold weather training.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Present
Soldiers from the 1st Battalion, 162nd Infantry Regiment were deployed on 14 February 2003 in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Upon arrival in the Middle East, individual companies of the 1st Battalion were then split up, dividing assignments in Kuwait, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. No casualties were reported, and the 1st Battalion returned in April, 2004.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Present
Soldiers from the 2nd Battalion, 162nd Infantry Regiment deployed to Japan to participate in the annual bilateral U.S.-Japan cold weather training exercise NORTHWIND 96. For this exercise, the soldiers arrived at Camp Obihiro, Japan, on 18 February 1996, for their annual training mission before moving to the Shikaribetsu Training Area north of Camp Obihiro for the field training exercise.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Present
2nd Battalion was deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom twice. 2004 to 2005 and 2009 to 2010. There were 9 KIAs during the 2004-2005 Deployment.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Present
In June 2014 the 2nd Battalion deployed to Afghanistan and return in May 2015.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Present
Prior to this, the unit had deployed to take part in Team Spirit in Korea in 1988; to the Naval Amphibious Warfare School, Coronado in 1992; and to the Jungle Warfare Center in Panama in 1994. In 2011 they deployed to Thailand in support of Cobra Gold.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Present
A Company, 2nd Battalion, 162nd Infantry Regiment, also deployed in 1990 to Scotland and in 1991 to Puerto Rico.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Distinctive unit insignia
A Gold color metal and enamel device 1+1⁄8 inches (2.9 cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Azure, a fess Gules fimbriated Or between in chief a fasces and in base a giant cactus, both of the last. Attached below and to the sides of the shield a Blue scroll inscribed "FIRST TO ASSEMBLE" in Gold letters.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Distinctive unit insignia
The shield is blue for Infantry, the red fess with the gold edges gives the Spanish colors and the red fess and the blue shield give the colors of the Philippine service ribbon. The cactus indicates the Mexican Border service and the fasces from the arms of the French Republic indicates service in France.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Distinctive unit insignia
The distinctive unit insignia approved on 16 May 1925. It was amended by addition of the word "giant" in the description on 29 June 1964.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Blazon
Azure, a fess Gules fimbriated Or between in chief a fasces and in base a giant cactus, both of the last.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Blazon
That for the regiments and separate battalions of the Oregon Army National Guard: On a wreath of the colors Or and Azure, a demi-disc Gules charged with the setting sun with twelve light rays Or (the shoulder sleeve insignia of the 41st Division), behind a beaver sejant Proper. Motto FIRST TO ASSEMBLE.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Symbolism
The shield is blue for Infantry, the red fess with the gold edges gives the Spanish colors and the red fess and the blue shield give the colors of the Philippine service ribbon. The cactus indicates the Mexican Border service and the fasces from the arms of the French Republic indicates service in France.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Symbolism
The crest is that of the Oregon Army National Guard.


162nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Background
The coat of arms was originally approved for the 162d Infantry Regiment on 23 August 1924. It was amended by addition of the word "giant" in the blazonry of the shield on 29 June 1964.


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
The 135th Division (Chinese: 第135师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 24th Division, 8th Column of the Northeastern Field Army. Its history can be traced to the 27th Brigade of Jireliao Military Region, formed in November 1945. Its first commander was Ding Sheng.


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
The division was part of 45th Army. Under the flag of 135th division it took part in several major battles in the Chinese Civil War.


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In October 1952 45th Corps was re-organized as 54th Corps, and the division stayed under the command of the Corps.


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In May 1953 the division entered Korea as a part of People's Volunteer Army. The division was involved in the Battle of Kumsong.


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In 1953 the division was renamed as 135th Infantry Division(Chinese: 步兵第135师).


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In July 1958 the division pulled out from Korea. In April 1960 the division was renamed as 135th Army Division(Chinese: 陆军第135师).


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In January 1963 the division became a combat alert unit, making it a big division in PLA glossaries that was fully manned and equipped. By then the division was composed of:


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In December 1969 the division was renamed as 162nd Army Division(Chinese: 陆军第162师). All its regiments were renamed as follows:


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In February 1979 the division took part in the Sino-Vietnam War under the command of the Corps. During the war it inflicted 2085 casualties to the confronting PAVN units.


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In November 1985 the division was renamed as 162nd Motorized Infantry Division(Chinese: 摩托化步兵第162师). Tank Regiment and Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment activated. From 1985 to 1998 the division maintained as a Northern Motorized Infantry Division, Catalogue A. In April 1989 it became one of the first Emergency Mobile Operations divisions. By then the division was composed of:


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
In 1998 Tank Regiment was renamed as Armored Regiment. Since then the division was composed of:


162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)
The division is now one of the only two six-regiment infantry divisions in PLA ground force. The other one is 61st Motorized Infantry Division of the 21st Army.


162nd New York Infantry Regiment
The 163rd New York Infantry Regiment (a.k.a. "3rd Metropolitan Guard") was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


162nd New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The 163rd New York Infantry was organized at New York City, New York, beginning August 22, 1862 and mustered in October 14, 1862, under the command of Colonel Lewis Benedict.


162nd New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was attached to Abercrombie's Division, Defenses of Washington, D.C., to November 1862. Sherman's Division, Department of the Gulf, to January 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, XIX Corps, Department of the Gulf, to March 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, XIX Corps, to May 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, XIX Corps, to August 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, XIX Corps, to February 1864. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, XIX Corps, Department of the Gulf, to July 1864, and Army of the Shenandoah, Middle Military Division, to February 1865. 3rd Brigade, 1st Provisional Division, Army of the Shenandoah, to April 1865. 3rd Brigade, Dwight's Division, Department of Washington, to June 1865. District of Savannah, Georgia, Department of Georgia, to October 1865.


162nd New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The 163rd New York Infantry mustered out on October 12, 1865.


162nd New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Left New York for Washington, D, C., October 24, 1862, then moved to New Orleans, Louisiana, November. Duty at Carrollton, Louisiana, until March 1863. Plaquemine December 31, 1862, and January 3, 1863. Moved to Baton Rouge, Louisiana, March 7 (3 companies). Operations against Port Hudson until March 27. Moved to Algiers April 3, then to Brashear City April 9. Operations in Western Louisiana April 9 – May 14. Bayou Teche Campaign April 11–20. Fort Bisland, near Centreville, April 12–13. Franklin April 14. Expedition from Opelousas to Barre Landing April 21. Advance on Port Hudson, Louisiana, May 17–24.


162nd New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Siege of Port Hudson May 24-July 9. Assaults on Port Hudson May 27 and June 14. Surrender of Port Hudson July 9. Moved to Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and duty there until September. Sabine Pass Expedition September 4–11. Moved from Algiers to Brashear City September 16, then to Berwick September 26. Western Louisiana Campaign October 3 – November 30. At New Iberia until January 7, 1864. Moved to Franklin January 7, and duty there until March. Red River Campaign March 10 – May 22. Advance from Franklin to Alexandria March 14–26. Battle of Sabine Cross Roads April 8.


162nd New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Pleasant Hill April 9. Monett's Ferry, Cane River Crossing, April 23. At Alexandria April 26 – May 13. Retreat to Morganza May 13–20. Mansura May 16. Duty at Morganza until July. Moved to New Orleans, then to Fort Monroe, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., July 1–13. Snicker's Gap Expedition July 14–23. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Expedition August 7 – November 28. Detached with the brigade as supply train guard for the army August 14 to October 27. Duty near Middletown and Newtown until December, and at Stephenson's Depot and Winchester until April 1865. Moved to Washington, D.C., and duty there until June. Grand Review of the Armies May 23–24. Moved to Savannah, Georgia, June 30 – July 7. Duty there and at various points in the Department of the South until October.


162nd New York Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 221 men during service; 8 officers and 58 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 3 officers and 152 enlisted men died of disease.


162nd New York State Legislature
The 162nd New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 4, 1939, to October 22, 1940, during the seventh and eight years of Herbert H. Lehman's governorship, in Albany.


162nd New York State Legislature, Background
Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1894, re-apportioned in 1917, 51 Senators and 150 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts. The senatorial districts consisted either of one or more entire counties; or a contiguous area within a single county. The counties which were divided into more than one senatorial district were New York (nine districts), Kings (eight), Bronx (three), Erie (three), Monroe (two), Queens (two) and Westchester (two). The Assembly districts were made up of contiguous area, all within the same county.


162nd New York State Legislature, Background
In November 1937, an amendment to the State Constitution to increase the term in office of the members of the New York State Assembly to two years, and of the statewide elected state officers (Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Comptroller, Attorney General) to four years, was accepted. Thus, beginning at the state election in 1938, all members (senators and assemblymen) of the Legislature were elected to two-year terms.


162nd New York State Legislature, Background
At this time there were two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The American Labor Party, the Socialist Party and the Communist Party also nominated tickets. The Socialist Labor Party nominated an "Industrial Government" ticket. The Republicans also nominated an "Independent Progressive" ticket so that their nominee Thomas E. Dewey would appear in two columns on the ballot, like Gov. Lehman who was endorsed by the American Labor Party. In New York City, "City Fusion", "Progressive" and "Liberal" tickets were also nominated.


162nd New York State Legislature, Elections
The New York state election, 1938, was held on November 8. Governor Herbert H. Lehman was re-elected, and Charles Poletti was elected Lieutenant Governor, both Democrats endorsed by the American Labor Party. The other six statewide elective offices were also carried by the Democrats. The approximate party strength at this election, as expressed by the vote for Governor, was: Republicans 2,303,000; Democrats 1,971,000;  American Labor 420,000; Communists 106,000; Socialists 25,000; Independent Progressives 24,000; and Industrial Government 3,500.


162nd New York State Legislature, Elections
Both woman legislators—State Senator Rhoda Fox Graves (Rep.), of Gouverneur, and Assemblywoman Jane H. Todd (Rep.), of Tarrytown—were re-elected.


162nd New York State Legislature, Elections
The New York state election, 1939, was held on November 7. Two vacancies in the State Senate and six vacancies in the State Assembly were filled. Edith C. Cheney, the widow of Assemblyman Guy W. Cheney, was elected to the seat previously held by her husband.


162nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the first regular session (the 162nd) at the State Capitol in Albany on January 4, 1939; and adjourned on May 20.


162nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
Perley A. Pitcher (Rep.) was elected Temporary President of the State Senate. Pitcher died on February 20, 1939.


162nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
On February 27, 1939, Joe R. Hanley (Rep.) was elected Temporary President of the State Senate.


162nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for a special session at the State Capitol in Albany on June 23, 1939; and adjourned on July 10. This session was called because the New York Court of Appeals had declared the state budget, enacted during the regular session, as unconstitutional, and a new budget was required to be made.


162nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the second regular session (the 163rd) at the State Capitol in Albany on January 3, 1940; and adjourned at half past midnight on March 31.


162nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for another special session at the State Capitol in Albany on October 22, 1940; and adjourned after a session of four hours. This session was held to enact an extension of three hours to the voting time on the next election day, so that the polls would close at 9 p.m. instead of at 6 p.m.


162nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
On November 16, the State Senate rejected, with a vote of 29 to 18, the removal from office of Kings County Judge George W. Martin.


162nd New York State Legislature, State Senate, Members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. Peter H. Ruvolo, Phelps Phelps, Carl Pack, Fred A. Young and James W. Riley changed from the Assembly to the Senate at the beginning of this Legislature. Assemblymen Daniel Gutman and Chauncey B. Hammond were elected to fill vacancies in the Senate.


162nd New York State Legislature, State Senate, Members
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


162nd New York State Legislature, State Assembly, Assemblymen
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


162nd Ohio Infantry Regiment
The 162nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, sometimes 162nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 162nd OVI) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


162nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 162nd Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Chase in Columbus, Ohio, and mustered in May 20, 1864, for 100 days service under the command of Colonel Ephraim Ball.


162nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
Companies A, C, F, and K served duty at Tod Barracks, Columbus, Ohio, until September 4. Companies B, D, E, G, H, and I moved to Covington, Kentucky (two companies were given horses), June 11 and participated in the expedition to Carrollton, Kentucky, in search of Moses Webster's men. Served duty at Carrollton and Covington, recruiting for the 117th United States Colored Troops and arresting prominent Rebels until September.


162nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 162nd Ohio Infantry mustered out of service September 4, 1864, at Camp Chase.


162nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Ohio National Guard
Over 35,000 Ohio National Guardsmen were federalized and organized into regiments for 100 days service in May 1864. Shipped to the Eastern Theater, they were designed to be placed in "safe" rear areas to protect railroads and supply points, thereby freeing regular troops for Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant’s push on the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. As events transpired, many units found themselves in combat, stationed in the path of Confederate Gen. Jubal Early’s veteran Army of the Valley during its famed Valley Campaigns of 1864. Ohio Guard units met the battle-tested foe head on and helped blunt the Confederate offensive thereby saving Washington, D.C. from capture. Ohio National Guard units participated in the battles of Monacacy, Fort Stevens, Harpers Ferry, and in the siege of Petersburg.


162nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost 20 enlisted men during service, all due to disease.


162nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps
The 162nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps was a short-lived armoured regiment of the Royal Armoured Corps raised by the British Army during World War II by the conversion of the 9th Battalion, Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment.


162nd Turkestan Division
The 162nd Turkistan Division was a military division that was formed by the German Army during the Second World War. It drew its men from prisoners of war who came from the Caucasus and from Turkic lands further east.


162nd Turkestan Division, History
The 162nd Turkistan Division was formed in May 1943 and comprised five Azeri and six Turkestan artillery and infantry units. The unit retained many enlisted German personnel, and also contained Georgian and Armenians Ost-legion, although they were collectively referred to as “Turks”. The soldiers were trained at Neuhammer.


162nd Turkestan Division, History
The division was sent, in October 1943, to northern Italy. The 162nd became the largest division of all the ost-legion. Infantry battalion No. 450 was also drawn from ethnic Turks and Azeris. The division also had many Georgian, Armenian, and


162nd Turkestan Division, History
In early 1944 the division was assigned with guarding the Ligurian coast. In June 1944 the division was assigned to combat in Italy but was withdrawn due to poor performance. For the remainder of the war, the division fought the Italian resistance movement near Spezia and the Val di Taro in Italy. After initial setbacks, the division proved to be quite effective.


162nd Turkestan Division, History
The main body of the division surrendered near Padua in May 1945 to the Western Allies and was dispatched to Taranto. In accordance with the agreements signed by the British and Americans at the Yalta Conference, the soldiers were repatriated to the Soviet Union. According to Nikolai Tolstoy, they received a twenty-year sentence of corrective labor.


162nd Turkestan Division, War crimes
The division has been implicated in a number of war crimes in Italy between December 1943 and May 1945, two of those, in January 1945 in the Emilia-Romagna resulted in the execution of at least 20 civilians each.


162nd meridian east
The meridian 162° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


162nd meridian east
The 162nd meridian east forms a great circle with the 18th meridian west.


162nd meridian east, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 162nd meridian east passes through:


162nd meridian west
The meridian 162° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


162nd meridian west
The 162nd meridian west forms a great circle with the 18th meridian east.


162nd meridian west, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 162nd meridian west passes through:


163
Year 163 (CLXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Laelianus and Pastor (or, less frequently, year 916 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 163 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


163 (number)
163 (one hundred [and] sixty-three) is the natural number following 162 and preceding 164.


163 (number), In mathematics
163 is a strong prime in the sense that it is greater than the arithmetic mean of its two neighboring primes.


163 (number), In mathematics
163 is a strictly non-palindromic number, since it is not palindromic in any base between base 2 and base 161.


163 (number), In mathematics
Given 163, the Mertens function returns 0, it is the fourth prime with this property, the first three such primes are 2, 101 and 149.


163 (number), In mathematics
163 figures in an approximation of π, in which π≈29163≈3.1411{\displaystyle \pi \approx {2^{9} \over 163}\approx 3.1411}.


163 (number), In mathematics
163 figures in an approximation of e, in which e≈1633⋅4⋅5≈2.7166…{\displaystyle e\approx {163 \over 3\cdot 4\cdot 5}\approx 2.7166\dots }.


163 (number), In mathematics
163 is a Heegner number, the largest of the nine such numbers. That is, the ring of integers of the field Q(−a){\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} ({\sqrt {-a}})} has unique factorization for a=163{\displaystyle a=163}. The only other such integers area=1,2,3,7,11,19,43,67{\displaystyle a=1,2,3,7,11,19,43,67}. (sequence  in the OEIS)


163 (number), In mathematics
163 is the number of Z-independent McKay-Thompson series for the monster group. This fact about 163 might be a clue for understanding monstrous moonshine.


163 (number), In mathematics
163 is a permutable prime in base 12, which it is written as 117, the permutations of its digits are 171 and 711, the two numbers in base 12 is 229 and 1021 in base 10, both of them are primes.


163 (number), In mathematics
The function f(n)=n2+n+41{\displaystyle f(n)=n^{2}+n+41} gives prime values for all values of n{\displaystyle n} between 0 and 39, and for n<107{\displaystyle n<10^{7}} approximately half of all values are prime. 163 appears as a result of solving f(n)=0{\displaystyle f(n)=0}, which gives n=(−1+−163)/2{\displaystyle n=(-1+{\sqrt {-163}})/2}.


163 (number), In mathematics
163{\displaystyle {\sqrt {163}}}appears in the Ramanujan constant, since -163 is a quadratic nonresidue to modulo all the primes 3, 5, 7, ..., 37. In which eπ163{\displaystyle e^{\pi {\sqrt {163}}}} almost equals the integer 262537412640768744 = 6403203 + 744. Martin Gardner famously asserted that this identity was exact in a 1975 April Fools' hoax in Scientific American; in fact the value is 262537412640768743.99999999999925007259...


163 BC
Year 163 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Gracchus and Thalna (or, less frequently, year 591 Ab urbe condita) and the First Year of Houyuan (後元). The denomination 163 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


163 Erigone
163 Erigone is an asteroid from the asteroid belt and the namesake of the Erigone family of asteroids that share similar orbital elements and properties. It was discovered by French astronomer Henri Joseph Perrotin on April 26, 1876, and named after one of the two Erigones in Greek mythology.


163 Erigone
Erigone is a relatively large and dark asteroid with an estimated size of 73 km. Based upon its spectrum, it is classified as a C-type asteroid, which indicates that it probably has a carbonaceous composition. It is the largest member of the eponymously-named Erigone collisional family.


163 Erigone, 2014 occultation of Regulus
In the early morning hours of March 20, 2014, Erigone occulted the first-magnitude star Regulus as first predicted by A. Vitagliano in 2004. This would have been a rare case of an occultation of a very bright star visible from a highly populated area, since the shadow path moved across New York state and Ontario, including all five boroughs of New York City. Observers in the shadow path would have seen the star wink out for as long as 14 seconds.


163 Erigone, 2014 occultation of Regulus
However, heavy clouds and rain blocked the view for most if not all people on the shadow path. The website of the International Occultation Timing Association does not list any successful observations at all.


163 Erigone, 2014 occultation of Regulus
Two single chord Asteroid Occultation events have been observed, in 2013 and 2015.


163 North Street, Brighton
The building at 163 North Street in Brighton, part of the English coastal city of Brighton and Hove, was erected in 1904 for an insurance company and has since been used as a branch by several banks and building societies. It now houses a bookmaker's shop. The distinctive pink granite Edwardian Baroque-style office, embellished with towers, decorative carvings and a landmark cupola, has been called "the most impressive building" on Brighton's main commercial thoroughfare. One of many works by prolific local architecture firm Clayton & Black, it has been described as their chef d'œuvre. English Heritage has listed it at Grade II for its architectural and historical importance.


163 North Street, Brighton, History
North Street formed the northern boundary of the ancient fishing village of Brighthelmston, from which the town of Brighton developed. It was part of the main route out of Brighton towards London, so was well placed to develop quickly once the town started to grow in the 18th century. By about 1800 it was considered the main commercial area of Brighton. The first of several road widening schemes was completed in 1879: it cleared most buildings from the north side of the street and encouraged the development of large banks and offices.


163 North Street, Brighton, History
The architecture firm Clayton & Black had been based in Brighton since the 1870s, originally at North Street. By the early 20th century they had designed a wide range of buildings in the town and in neighbouring Hove, where they also carried out surveying work. Their portfolio included churches, schools, residential buildings, a convalescent home and a furniture depository, completed in 1904.


163 North Street, Brighton, History
By this time they were working mostly on commercial buildings, and in 1904 the Royal Assurance Society commissioned them to design a new office on a site next to the Chapel Royal at the junction of North Street and New Road—a prominent corner site. Other banks and financial institutions followed, and the north side of North Street has been "dominated" by them ever since.


163 North Street, Brighton, History
From 21 April 1936, the building was shared with a branch of Martins Bank. A weather vane decorated with a liver bird—part of the bank's logo—was added to the roof. The branch closed on 5 March 1957 when a new one was opened elsewhere on North Street. By 1987, the building was occupied by a branch of the Leeds Permanent Building Society. On 1 August 1995, this company merged with the Halifax Building Society and the "Leeds Permanent" brand disappeared; thereafter the branch operated under the Halifax brand. By 2013 the building housed a branch of Metrobet, a bookmaker with several branches in London and southeast England, but in 2020 it was a branch of the Paddy Power bookmaker chain.


163 North Street, Brighton, Heritage
163 North Street was listed at Grade II by English Heritage on 26 August 1999. This status is given to "nationally important buildings of special interest". As of February 2001, it was one of 1,124 Grade II-listed buildings and structures, and 1,218 listed buildings of all grades, in the city of Brighton and Hove.


163 North Street, Brighton, Heritage
The building is within the Valley Gardens Conservation Area, one of 34 conservation areas in the city of Brighton and Hove. This was designated by Brighton Council in 1973 and covers 92.84 acres (37.57 ha).


163 North Street, Brighton, Architecture
163 North Street has been widely praised for its design. Descriptions include "the chef d'œuvre of Clayton & Black, an ebullient essay in Edwardian Baroque", "an example of Edwardian Baroque at its best: a confident composition" and "the most impressive" of North Street's many banks and offices. The building has a roof of green slate tiles, and the walls are faced entirely in "delicate" pink granite.


163 North Street, Brighton, Architecture
It occupies the whole New Road/North Street corner, presenting wide façades to both: the nine-window range is arranged as a 4–1–4 composition with the middle set forming an entrance bay at the corner, which is chamfered. This entrance bay has a straight-headed door set in a deep Tuscan-columned porch with a protruding arched pediment and brackets.


163 North Street, Brighton, Architecture
The building rises to three storeys with an attic storey above (lit by dormer windows); the outermost bays rise one storey higher in the form of small towers, and the entrance bay is five storeys high and topped with an open-sided cupola and weather vane. This tower also has a clock face. The four-storey outer bays have their own entrances set in small porches with arched fanlights. The ground-floor windows are recessed, arched and set in surrounds with deep rustication and large keystones.


163 North Street, Brighton, Architecture
A cornice between the ground and first floors supports Ionic columns in antis which rise through two storeys. The three bays which form towers are heavily rusticated—the outermost right to the top, and the chamfered entrance bay just at first- and second-floor levels, as far as a flattened semicircular pediment with the Royal Assurance Company's arms and an inscription. Above this is the clock face, then the slightly recessed cupola. Many of the windows have cornices or pediments of different styles.


163-169 Sussex Street, Sydney
163-169 Sussex Street  were heritage-listed terrace houses located at 163-169 Sussex Street, in the Sydney central business district, in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. The property is owned by Property NSW, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.


163-169 Sussex Street, Sydney
As of 2019 the terrace houses were removed and the site forms part of a major hotel development, with street markers indicating some of the heritage of the area.


163-169 Sussex Street, Sydney, Description
As of 2016 the terrace houses that were previously located at 163-169 Sussex Street were demolished and made way for the Hyatt Regency Sydney/Four Point development. All that remains is a heritage marker on the driveway in the hotel forecourt.


163-169 Sussex Street, Sydney, Description
Typical mid-nineteenth century terrace houses; painted brick with iron roof. No. 163 has largely original exterior; Nos. 165-169 have been renovated and refaced but have maintained the original scale of the facade and fenestration.


163-169 Sussex Street, Sydney, Heritage listing
163-169 Sussex Street was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.


163-169 Sussex Street, Sydney, References, Attribution
This Wikipedia article was originally based on , entry number 415 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales and Office of Environment and Heritage 2018 under  , accessed on 13 October 2018.