1549–1550 papal conclave, Balloting
Whether or not Urfé's warning had any effect on the conclavists, from December 7, when the French cardinals landed south of Genoa, to the end of the conclave, Pole polled no more twenty-four or twenty-three votes. On December 11, four French cardinals—Guise, Charles de Bourbon, Odet de Coligny de Châtillon, and Jean du Bellay—arrived, bringing the requisite supermajority to thirty-one. Henry II bankrolled Guise with a sum of 150,000 écus, likely for bribes, and additional French cardinals began to trickle into the conclave: Georges d'Amboise and Philippe de la Chambre on December 28; Jean de Lorraine on December 31; and (the extremely elderly) Louis de Bourbon on January 14.


1549–1550 papal conclave, Balloting
By the end of January, Pole had dropped to twenty-one votes, but the French faction remained split between Carafa, de Bourbon, Lorraine, and Salviati; Este's candidacy, though desired by many in the French College, had not yet been put forward, perhaps having been held back in hopes that he would be more acceptable as the conclave dragged on. Toward the end of January, in accordance with traditional efforts to counter dilatory cardinals, the amenities and rations of the conclave were decreased and the upper story windows were closed to reduce the natural lighting and fresh air. Soon afterwards, Ridolfi—the French candidate most acceptable to Farnese—died amid accusations of poisoning on January 31.


1549–1550 papal conclave, Balloting
A letter dated February 6 from Henry II, advising Guise to support a neutral candidate, never reached the conclave before its conclusion.


1549–1550 papal conclave, Balloting
Although Del Monte had originally been opposed by both the Imperial faction (for his role in moving the Council of Trent) and the French faction (for his plebeian genealogy and alleged personal indiscretions), he obtained the support of the French for his perceived past hostility to the Empire, the support of Farnese for his pledge to support the claim of Ottavio Farnese in Parma, and the support of a few Imperialists, having not been specifically excluded in Charles V's last letter. On February 7, on the sixty-first scrutiny of the conclave, Del Monte was "unanimously" elected and took the name Pope Julius III (forty-one cardinals had previously acquiesced to his candidacy, although the more fervent of the Imperialists had not until it was already inevitable).


1549–1550 papal conclave, Primary sources
The main sources for the proceedings and vote-counts of the conclave come from the accounts Enrico Dandolo of Venice, Simon Renard (the Imperial ambassador to France), and Diego de Mendoza (ambassador to Charles V), the correspondences between Henry II and Guise and d'Este, and the diaries of the various conclavists. In particular, Angelo Massarelli, the secretary of Marcello Cervini, devotes his entire fifth diary to the conclave.


1549–1550 papal conclave, Primary sources, The papabili
Before and during the conclave, many Roman bankers offered betting spreads on the papabili (cardinals likely to be elected). According to Dandolo, "it is more than clear that the merchants are very well informed about the state of the poll, and that the cardinals' attendants in Conclave go partners with them in wagers, which thus causes many tens of thousands of crowns to change hands" (an early example of insider trading).


1549–1550 papal conclave, Primary sources, The papabili
Cardinal del Monte (who was eventually elected Julius III) had started out as the favorite at 1 to 5, trailed by Salviati, Ridolfi, and Pole, but Pole was the favorite three days later at 1 to 4. By December 5, Pole's odds had risen to 95 to 100. With the arrival of four additional French cardinals on December 11, Pole's odds fell to 2 to 5. On January 22, the odds quoted against the conclave finishing during January were 9 to 10, against February: 1 to 2, against March: 1 to 5, and never: 1 to 10.


154CM
154CM is a type of stainless steel developed and manufactured in the United States by Crucible Materials Corporation (now - Crucible Industries). Crucible 154CM is a modification of martensitic stainless steel type 440C to which molybdenum has been added. It was originally developed for tough industrial applications and combines three principal elements: carbon, chromium, and molybdenum. Hitachi Corporation of Japan copied the properties of this steel for their own brand known as ATS-34.


154th (Stormont-Dundas-Glengarry) Battalion, CEF
The 154th Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War. Based in Cornwall, Ontario, the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in Stormont, Dundas, and Glengarry Counties. After sailing to England in October 1916, the battalion was absorbed into the 6th Reserve Battalion on January 31, 1917. The 154th Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieutenant-Colonel A. G. F. MacDonald. The Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders perpetuate the 154th Battalion.


154th Brigade (Croatia)
The 154th Brigade (Croatian: 154. brigada) - named "The Boškarins of Pazin" (Croatian: Pazinski boškarini) - was a Croatian Army guards brigade composed of conscripts from Pazin, Labin, Poreč, Umag, Buje and Buzet. Together with the 1st Home Guard Battalion Pula and the HV 119th Brigade it is one of the military units from Istria employed in the Croatian War of Independence. The unit was active in Otočac, where it was employed in the defense of the city, and participated in the Operation Oluja. The brigade was active from 1991 to 2004.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
In December 1991 began with the accelerated organization and training of this unit, at first headquartered in Pazin's home of veterans (now the building of the County Services and the Commercial Court).


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
The day of establishment of the company is 1 December 1991. The brigade was formed in Pazin. It was composed of conscripts from Pazin, Labin, Poreč, Umag, Buje and Buzet.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
In mid-December, the entire war command of the brigade and some units were mobilized, especially the sabotage, anti-sabotage and air defense platoons.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
Already at that time, the sabotage and anti-sabotage platoon and the air defense platoons in Pazin and Poreč were given clear tasks, and on 26 December 1991 these units were either engaged in combat or ready for action. At the same time, the logistics company was fixing up the Veli Jože barracks for the reception of the main combat forces, the organization thereof, and the accelerated training and preparation for taking over tasks on the Lika frontier. The brigade organized into three combat battalions, combat support units, contingent units and logistics units.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
Following orders from the OZ Rijeka, in early April 1992 the brigade took over combat missions on the Lika battlefield, first as an operational reserve of the commander of OG Lika, and in May of the same year as a defensive force on the front line in Ivčević kosa.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
In 1993, the brigade organized part of its forces in the area of Lički Osik, Mušaluk and Budački most.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
The year 1994 was for the brigade perhaps the most intense from the aspect of staying on the battlefield. That year, in the period from January to May, the brigade defended the town of Otočac in a very demanding defensive task. After the reorganization of 154th no. HV into 154th dp HV (by reorganizing, the brigade was additionally strengthened with a larger number of men and combat equipment), the brigade moved to the area of Perušićka kosa in mid-September. Here, in a geographically, climatically and tactically very demanding area, it organized a defense on the line that stretches from Sinac through Ramljan, Pocrnić to Alivojvodić, and on to Kosinj and Klanac.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
In 1995, the 154th Home Guard Regiment continuously held the area of responsibility assigned to it, until the beginning of May.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
During the Operation Storm, the regiment attacked the main forces in the direction of Ljubovo - Bunić, cooperating with the 9th Guards Brigade. In the auxiliary direction, it attacked with the left wing of Krbavsko polje. It then took part in the capture of Debeli brdo, the liberation of ZL Udbina, Podudbina and the town of Udbina. While doing so, it reorganized and prepared for further action.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
In the next stage of hostilities, the regiment broke out on the state border on the river Una in the area of Nebljus. In its zone of responsibility, it quickly occupied the line of defense in the valley of the river Una: Štrbački Buk - Kestenovac - Poljica - Demirović Brdo; organized and conducted reconnaissance and created the conditions for possible offensive actions. A member of the Poreč battalion, Stipan Lijović, was killed in a clash with the JNA soldiers from Prekoun, while others were wounded in the same clash.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
Following the Operation Storm, the regiment, although demobilized, continued its tasks of further developing, equipping and training. Intensive tasks were carried out to improve life and work in ZM Pazin. The unit created the so-called tank road (Pazin - Lindar), arranged and renewed the Veli Jože barracks, built the camp Lindar, distributed the water supply network in the village of Bertoši and a number of other activities.


154th Brigade (Croatia), History
Throughout the Croatian War of Independence, this unit was characterized by a high degree of responsibility and quick response to mobilization by all members of the brigade, and a high level of combat readiness of forces, (no going to the battlefield without prior reconnaissance, intensive training, action planning, logistical support, etc. ); there was no occurrence of arbitrary leaving the unit or arbitrary and unplanned actions. Humanity and care for the comrade, but also the opponent, was another feature for which this unit is noted.


154th Cavalry Brigade (United States)
The 154th Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry unit of the United States Army Organized Reserve during the interwar period. Organized in 1922, the brigade spent its entire career with the 62nd Cavalry Division and was disbanded after the United States entered World War II.


154th Cavalry Brigade (United States), History
The brigade was constituted in the Organized Reserve on 15 October 1921, part of the 62nd Cavalry Division in the Third Corps Area. It included the 307th and 308th Cavalry Regiments and the 154th Machine Gun Squadron at Norfolk. In 1922, the brigade headquarters was initiated (organized) at Richmond, Virginia. On 20 December 1928, the 154th Machine Gun Squadron was relieved from its assignment to the 62nd and withdrawn from the Organized Reserves, with its personnel transferred to the 307th's new 3rd Squadron and Machine Gun Troop.


154th Cavalry Brigade (United States), History
The brigade held its inactive training period meetings at the Parcel Post Building in Richmond. Between 1923 and 1940, the 154th usually conducted summer training at Fort Meade in Maryland, occasionally holding summer training with the 3rd Cavalry Regiment at Fort Myer or Fort Belvoir. Its subordinate regiments provided basic military instruction to civilians under the Citizens' Military Training Camp program at Fort Myer and Fort Belvoir with the assistance of the 3rd Cavalry as an alternate form of training.


154th Cavalry Brigade (United States), History
During its participation in the July 1930 Third Corps Area command post exercise, the brigade was temporarily commanded by 306th Cavalry commander, politician, and lawyer John Philip Hill. After the United States entered World War II, the brigade was disbanded on 30 January 1942 along with the division, after most of its officers were called up for active duty.


154th Cavalry Brigade (United States), Commanders
The brigade is known to have been commanded by the following officers:


154th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 154th Division (第154師団, Dai-hyakugojūyon Shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the Himeji Protection Division (護路兵団, Goji Heidan). It was formed 28 February 1945 in Hiroshima as a square division. It was a part of the 16 simultaneously created divisions batch numbering from 140th to 160th.


154th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), Action
The 154th division was assigned to 57th army. The division spent time from 5 May 1945 until surrender of Japan 15 August 1945 building a coastal defenses in Saito, Miyazaki without engaging in actual combat.


154th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), Notes and references
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154th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), Notes and references
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154th Division (People's Republic of China)
The 154th Division(Chinese: 第154师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 2nd Independent Division of Northeastern People's Liberation Army,  formed in September.


154th Division (People's Republic of China)
The division was a part of 41st Corps. Under the flag of 154th division it took part in the Chinese civil war. In June 1951 the division was disbanded. Its divisional HQ became HQ of 49th Corps, then 3rd Air Force Corps.


154th Georgia General Assembly
The 154th Georgia General Assembly convened its first session on January 9, 2017, at the Georgia State Capitol in Atlanta. Its second session was January 8 through March 29, 2018. The 154th Georgia General Assembly preceded the 153rd of 2015 and 2016, and succeeded by the 155th in 2019 and 2020.


154th Georgia General Assembly, Members of the State Senate
The following is a list of members of the Georgia State Senate.


154th Illinois Infantry Regiment
The 154th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


154th Illinois Infantry Regiment, Service
The 154th Illinois Infantry was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois,    and mustered into Federal service on February 21, 1865, for a one-year enlistment. The 154th served in garrisons in Tennessee.


154th Illinois Infantry Regiment, Total strength and casualties
The regiment suffered 76 enlisted men who died of disease for a total of 76 fatalities.


154th Indiana Infantry Regiment
The 154th Indiana Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from Indiana that served in the Union Army between April 20 and August 4, 1865, during the American Civil War.


154th Indiana Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was organized at infantry regiment, with a strength of 982 men and mustered in on April 20, 1865. It left Indiana for Parkersburg, West Virginia on April 28. Between May 2 and 4, the regiment moved to Stevenson's Station, Shenandoah Valley, Virginia. They performed duty at Stevenson's Station until June 27, and then at Opequan Creek. On August 4, 1865, the regiment was mustered out. During its service the regiment incurred forty fatalities, another eighty-four men deserted and unaccounted for, one man.


154th Infantry
The 154th Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. It was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918, saw service in the First World War and the Third Anglo-Afghan War, and was disbanded in May 1921.


154th Infantry, History, Background
Heavy losses suffered by the British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front following the German spring offensive in March 1918 resulted in a major reorganization of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force:


154th Infantry, History, Background
In fact, the 75th Division already had four Indian battalions assigned, so of the 36 battalions needed to reform the divisions, 22 were improvised by taking whole companies from existing units already on active service in Mesopotamia and Palestine to form the 150th Infantry (3 battalions), 151st Sikh Infantry (3), 152nd Punjabis (3), 153rd Punjabis (3), 154th Infantry (3), 155th Pioneers (2), 156th Infantry (1) and the 11th Gurkha Rifles (4). The donor units were then brought back up to strength by drafts. In the event, just 13 of the battalions were assigned to the divisions and the remaining nine were transferred from Mesopotamia to India in June 1918.


154th Infantry, History, Formation
The regiment was formed with three battalions in Mesopotamia in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies posted from regiments serving in the 14th, 15th, 17th, and 18th Indian Divisions. The 1st Battalion was transferred to India in June 1918 and later took part in the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 as part of the Derajat Brigade. The other two battalions were transferred to Egypt in July 1918, were assigned to British divisions and took part in the final Allied offensive of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign (the Battles of Megiddo).


154th Infantry, Battalions, 1st Battalion
The 1st Battalion was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies from:


154th Infantry, Battalions, 1st Battalion
The battalion was transferred from Mesopotamia to India in June 1918 and joined the Derajat Brigade on the North-West Frontier where it remained in until the end of the First World War. In May 1919, part of the battalion mobilized with the Derajat Brigade and took part in the Third Anglo-Afghan War. The battalion was disbanded in 1919.


154th Infantry, Battalions, 2nd Battalion
The 2nd Battalion was formed at Basra on 24 May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies from:


154th Infantry, Battalions, 2nd Battalion
It embarked on 19 June for Egypt, arriving at Suez on 5 July and moved to Qantara. On 16 July, it entrained and arrived at Lydda the next day. The battalion joined the 233rd Brigade, 75th Division at Rantis on 25 July. It remained with the division for the rest of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign, taking part in the Battle of Sharon (19 September 1918). The division was then withdrawn into XXI Corps Reserve near et Tire where it was employed on salvage work and road making. On 22 October it moved to Haifa where it was when the Armistice of Mudros came into effect and the war ended.


154th Infantry, Battalions, 2nd Battalion
On 13 November, the 75th Division concentrated at Lydda and by 10 December had moved back to Qantara. On 18 January 1919, instructions were received that the Indian battalions would be returned to India as transport became available. The battalion was disbanded on 15 May 1921.


154th Infantry, Battalions, 3rd Battalion
The 3rd Battalion was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies from:


154th Infantry, Battalions, 3rd Battalion
The battalion disembarked at Suez on 5 July and reached Lydda on 17 July. It joined the 158th Brigade, 53rd (Welsh) Division on 3 August near Jerusalem. It remained with the division for the rest of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign, taking part in the Battle of Nablus (18–21 September 1918). At the end of the battle, the division was employed on salvage work and working on the Nablus road.


154th Infantry, Battalions, 3rd Battalion
On 27 October, the division started moving to Alexandria even before the Armistice of Mudros came into effect on 31 October, thereby ending the war against the Ottoman Empire. It completed its concentration at Alexandria on 15 November. The division received demobilization instructions on 20 December 1918. The Indian infantry battalions returned to India as transports became available and the division was reduced to cadre by 7 June 1919. The battalion was disbanded in 1919.


154th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 154th Infantry Brigade (part of the 51st (Highland) Infantry Division) was an infantry brigade of the British Army division that fought during both the First and Second world wars. The brigade was raised in 1908, upon the creation of the Territorial Force, as the Argyll and Sutherland Brigade and was later redesignated as the 154th (3rd Highland) Brigade. The division was referred to as the "Highway Decorators" by other divisions who became used to discovering the 'HD' insignia painted wherever the Highlanders had passed through.


154th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
154th Brigade was luckier than its sister brigades of the 51st Division (152nd and 153rd). It was detached in June 1940 to form the mobile battlegroup "Arkforce" and was able to escape from Northern France while the rest of the division was forced to surrender at St Valery-en-Caux. However, the brigade was severely understrength by the time it returned to Britain, and in August 1940 it was reorganised and merged with the 28th Infantry Brigade of 9th (Highland) Infantry Division to form part of the new 51st Division. In this capacity it went on to serve in North Africa, Sicily and North-West Europe.


154th Infantry Division "Murge"
The 154th Infantry Division "Murge" (Italian: 154ª Divisione fanteria "Murge") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Murge was formed as a garrison division on 1 December 1942 and named for the Murge region. The division was sent to Dalmatia as an occupation force, where it took part in anti-Partisan operations. It took part in the Battle of the Sutjeska and then had to be withdrawn after suffering heavy losses. It was disbanded in September 1943, following the Italian surrender to the Allies.


154th Infantry Division "Murge", C.R.O.W.C.A.S.S.
The names of twelve men attached to the Murge Division can be found in the CROWCASS List established by the Anglo-American Allies of the individuals wanted by Yugoslavia for war crimes:


154th Infantry Division "Murge", Popular culture
Alistair MacLean's novel Partisans, set in the Balkan Theater of World War II, mentions the Murge Division as being a major force in the Axis offensives against the Yugoslav Partisans. The book begins at the buildup to Fall Weiss and ends with the protagonists having accomplished a significant espionage mission that would ensure the mauling of the Murge at the hands of the Yugoslav Resistance.


154th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
The 154th Infantry Division (German: 154. Infanterie-Division), also known as Commander of the Replacement Troops IV (German: Kommandeur der Ersatztruppen IV), Division No. 154 (German: Division Nr. 154), 154th Reserve Division (German: 154. Reserve-Division), 154th Division (German: 154. Division) and 154th Field Training Division (German: 154. Feldausbildungs-Division) was an infantry division of the German Heer during World War II.


154th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Operational history
During German mobilization on 26 August 1939, each Wehrkreis (military district) was assigned a division to organize the reserves and training of recruits. The Wehrkreis IV (Saxony) was assigned the Kommandeur der Ersatztruppen IV. The division was redesignated 154. Division on 10 November 1939 and Division Nr. 154 on 27 December 1939. The commander, starting on 27 September 1939, was Arthur Boltze. The division served as the administrative body and the training divisions for all recruits of Wehrkreis IV. As a result, its main trainees were Saxons and Sudeten Germans. The formation of 174th Division on 10 June 1940 only left the division with Infantry Reserve Regiment 4 Dresden, Infantry Reserve Regiment 223 Bautzen, Infantry Reserve Regiment 255 Löbau, Infantry Reserve Regiment 256 Teplitz and Artillery Reserve Regiment 4 Dresden, in addition to several small reserve detachments.


154th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Operational history
The division was commanded by Franz Landgraf starting on 1 May 1942 and by Friedrich Altrichter starting in June. It was reequipped on 15 June 1942 and redesignated 154. Reserve-Division. It was redeployed to Landshut in the General Government in occupied Poland. At this point, it consisted of Infantry Reserve Grenadier Regiments 56 Jaroslau, 223 Krakau, and 255 Lemberg, as well Reserve Artillery Detachmanet 24 Reichshof.


154th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Operational history
The division was reorganized on 5 March 1944 after the dissolution of the staffs used for Infantry Division Generalgouvernment. It was now commanded by Alfried Thielmann. The Intervention Group Zimmer (German: Eingreifgruppe Zimmer) was formed from elements of the 154th Division, deployed to the Namslau area and integrated into the 68th Infantry Division. The 154th Reserve Division served under 17th Army from August 1944, and then under 1st Panzer Army starting in September 1944. Parts of the division saw combat as early as March 1944, and the entire division was called into combat after the collapse of Army Group Centre that started in July as a result of the Red Army's Operation Bagration.


154th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Operational history
The remainders of the 154th were then merged with parts of the 174th Division to form a new iteration of the 154th on 1 October 1944, dubbed the 154. Feldausbildungs-Division, or just 154. Division. This division consisted of the Field Training Grenadier Regiments 562 through 564 as well as Artillery Field Training Detachment 1054, along with Heavy Battalion 1054 and Engineer Field Training Battalion 1054. The 154th Field Training Division remained in service under the 1st Panzer Army for its entire lifespawn. The division was again commanded by Friedrich Altrichter starting 19 December 1944. Altrichter would remain in command until the end of the war.


154th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Operational history
In March 1945, following an order on 11 February, the division was redesignated a final time and became 154. Infanterie-Division. which consisted of all segments of the previous 154th Field Training Division as well as the Panzerjäger Detachment 1054. The division continued to serve under 1st Panzer Army. It was overrun by Soviet forces at Oderberg on 17 April 1945 and destroyed. Its commander, Friedrich Altrichter, was captured along with most of his surviving subordinates and died in a Soviet prison in 1949.


154th New York Infantry Regiment
The 154th New York Infantry Regiment (aka, "The Hardtack Regiment") was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


154th New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The 154th New York Infantry was organized at Jamestown, New York beginning August 19, 1862 and mustered in for three years service on September 24, 1862 under the command of Colonel Addison G. Rice.


154th New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was attached to 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, XI Corps, Army of the Potomac, to October 1863, and Army of the Cumberland to April 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, XX Corps, Army of the Cumberland and Army of Georgia, to June 1865.


154th New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The 154th New York Infantry mustered out of service June 11, 1865. Recruits and veterans were transferred to the 102nd New York Volunteer Infantry.


154th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Left New York for Washington, D.C., September 30, 1862. Joined XI Corps at Fairfax, Va., October 2, 1862, and duty there until November 1. Movement to Warrenton, then to Germantown November 1–20. March to Fredericksburg, Va., December 10–15. At Falmouth, Va., until April 27, 1863. "Mud March" January 20–24. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1–5. Gettysburg Campaign June 11-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg July 1–3. Pursuit of Lee July 5–24. At Bristoe Station until September 24.


154th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Movement to Bridgeport, Ala., September 24-October 3. March along line of Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad to Lookout Valley, Tenn., October 25–28. Reopening Tennessee River October 26–29. Battle of Wauhatchie, Tenn., October 28–29. Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign November 23–27. Orchard Knob November 23. Tunnel Hill November 24–25. Missionary Ridge November 25. March to relief of Knoxville November 28-December 17. Duty in Lookout Valley until May 1864. Atlanta Campaign May 1-September 8. Demonstration on Rocky Faced Ridge May 8–11. Dug Gap or Mill Creek May 8. Battle of Resaca May 14–15. Near Cassville May 19. Advance on Dallas May 22–25.


154th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
New Hope Church May 25. Battles about Dallas, New Hope Church, and Allatoona Hills May 26-June 5. Operations about Marietta and against Kennesaw Mountain June 10-July 2. Pine Hill June 11–14. Lost Mountain June 15–17. Gilgal or Golgotha Church June 15. Muddy Creek June 17. Noyes Creek June 19. Kolb's Farm June 22. Assault on Kennesaw June 27. Ruff's Station, Smyrna Camp Ground, July 4. Chattahoochie River July 5–17. Peachtree Creek July 19–20. Siege of Atlanta July 22-August 25. Operations at Chattahoochie River Bridge August 26-September 2. Occupation of Atlanta September 2-November 15.


154th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Expedition from Atlanta to Tuckum's Cross Roads October 26–29. Near Atlanta November 9. March to the sea November 15-December 10. Siege of Savannah December 10–21. Carolinas Campaign January to April 1865. Averysboro, N.C., March 16. Battle of Bentonville March 19–21. Occupation of Goldsboro March 24. Advance on Raleigh April 9–13. Occupation of Raleigh April 14. Bennett's House April 26. Surrender of Johnston and his army. March to Washington, D.C., via Richmond, Va., April 29-May 19. Grand Review of the Armies May 24.


154th New York Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 278 men during service; 2 officers and 81 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 2 officers and 193 enlisted men died of disease.


154th New York State Legislature
The 154th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 7 to September 19, 1931, during the third year of Franklin D. Roosevelt's governorship, in Albany.


154th New York State Legislature, Background
Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1894, re-apportioned in 1917, 51 Senators and 150 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts; senators for a two-year term, assemblymen for a one-year term. The senatorial districts consisted either of one or more entire counties; or a contiguous area within a single county. The counties which were divided into more than one senatorial district were New York (nine districts), Kings (eight), Bronx (three), Erie (three), Monroe (two), Queens (two), and Westchester (two). The Assembly districts were made up of contiguous area, all within the same county.


154th New York State Legislature, Background
At this time there were two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The Law Preservation Party, the Socialist Party, the Communist Party, and the Socialist Labor Party also nominated tickets.


154th New York State Legislature, Elections
The New York state election, 1930, was held on November 4. Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt and Lieutenant Governor Herbert H. Lehman, both Democrats, were re-elected. Of the other three statewide elective offices, two were carried by Democrats and one by a Republican judge with Democratic endorsement. The approximate party strength at this election, as expressed by the vote for Governor, was: Democrats 1,770,000; Republicans 1,045,000; Law Preservation 191,000; Socialists 100,000; Communists 18,000; and Socialist Labor 9,000.


154th New York State Legislature, Elections
Assemblywoman Rhoda Fox Graves (Rep.), of Gouverneur, a former school teacher who after her marriage became active in women's organisations and politics, was re-elected, and remained the only woman legislator.


154th New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the regular session at the State Capitol in Albany on January 7, 1931; and adjourned on April 10.


154th New York State Legislature, Sessions
John Knight was re-elected Temporary President of the State Senate. He was appointed to the United States District Court for the Western District of New York, and resigned as Temporary President. On April 9, George R. Fearon was elected to succeed. Knight vacated his seat on May 1 when he took office as federal judge.


154th New York State Legislature, Sessions
After the ouster of Democrat Samuel H. Miller, the election of Republican Charles B. Horton, and the death of the Democratic minority leader Bernard Downing, the Republicans continued to hold a majority of 26 to 23 in the Senate during the special session, 26 being the minimum number of votes to pass a law.


154th New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for a special session at the State Capitol in Albany on August 25, 1931; and adjourned on September 19. This session was called to enact legislation to provide for emergency unemployment relief.


154th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. Joseph D. Nunan Jr, Frank B. Hendel, John J. Howard and Julius S. Berg changed from the Assembly to the Senate.


154th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Members
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."; Chairmanships as appointed at the beginning of the session


154th New York State Legislature, State Assembly, Assemblymen
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


154th Ohio Infantry Regiment
The 154th Ohio Infantry Regiment, sometimes 154th Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 154th OVI) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


154th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 154th Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Dennison near Cincinnati, Ohio, and mustered in May 8, 1864, for 100 days service under the command of Colonel Robert Stevenson.


154th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment left Ohio for New Creek, West Virginia, May 12. It served guard and picket duty at New Creek until May 29. (Company F detached at Piedmont May 22 to August 22.) It moved to Greenland Gap May 29 and was involved in a skirmish near Moorefield June 4. (One company detached at Youghiogheny Bridge until July 25.) The regiment engaged in numerous scouting expeditions until July 25 when it moved to New Creek. After action at New Creek August 4, it moved to Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, August 10 to guard prisoners. It then moved to Camp Dennison August 22.


154th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 154th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service September 1, 1864, at Camp Dennison.


154th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Ohio National Guard
Over 35,000 Ohio National Guardsmen were federalized and organized into regiments for 100 days service in May 1864. Shipped to the Eastern Theater, they were designed to be placed in "safe" rear areas to protect railroads and supply points, thereby freeing regular troops for Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant’s push on the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. As events transpired, many units found themselves in combat, stationed in the path of Confederate Gen. Jubal Early’s veteran Army of the Valley during its famed Valley Campaigns of 1864. Ohio Guard units met the battle-tested foe head on and helped blunt the Confederate offensive thereby saving Washington, D.C. from capture. Ohio National Guard units participated in the battles of Monacacy, Fort Stevens, Harpers Ferry, and in the siege of Petersburg.


154th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost 4 enlisted men during service; 1 man killed, 3 men died due to disease.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment
154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment serves as the official honor guard regiment of the Russian Armed Forces and serves as the main honor guard unit of the armed forces, stationed in Moscow. Aside from being the honor guard unit, it is also charged with duties assisting the Commander, Moscow Garrison, and to serve garrison and protection duties in the protection of the capital city and its military infrastructure. Its barracks is at Lefortovo District, Moscow, part of the South-Eastern Administrative Okrug.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, History
As the Second World War was beginning to end in Europe in 1944 the Soviet NKVD in Moscow was charged with raising a full-time honor guard company as part of the 1st Regiment, OMSDON (then the NKVD 1st Special Duties Division), in the style and manner of the British Household Division's Foot Guards, the 3rd US Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) and the French Republican Guard's First Infantry Regiment. Its first duties included the state visit of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill that year.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, History
It later joined the 73rd Special Duties Battalion (later the 465th Special Duties Company, later itself renamed the 465th Special Commandant's Company) in 1948, now part of the regular armed forces. This was the precursor of the Honor Guard Company that would later form the 154th ICR of today, the very company in which the Victory Banner was welcomed with full honors in June 1945 into Moscow.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, History
On 10 April 1949, the 465th SCC, by order of the Soviet Armed Forces General Staff, became the 99th Independent Commandant's Battalion. On 29 November 1956, by order of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union, the 1st Independent Honor Guard Company and the Military Band of the Honor Guard were raised, both under the supervision of the Office of the Moscow Military Garrison Commandant.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, History
The company adopted full parade dress in 1960 in the uniforms of the 3 service arms of the Soviet Armed Forces: the Soviet Army, Soviet Air Forces and the Soviet Navy in its three platoons. The regulations for such use were amended via a 1971 General Orders of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union, to be used only in state occasions, ceremonies and national holidays when permitted.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, History
In December 1979, on the recommendation of the Soviet Army General Staff the 99th ICB became the 154th Independent Commandant's Regiment, therefore merging the 99th ICB and the 1st IHGC and raising new component units. Its duty was for the protection of the Moscow Garrison Commandant's headquarters and providing ceremonial guards in state events. In 1980 several servicemen from the regiment took part in the 1980 Olympic opening ceremony wearing civilian formal dress escorting the Olympic Flag.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, History
The regiment's Special Duties Company took part in Exercise Zapad-81 the following year as part of the Soviet Armed Forces contingent, and received the Medal "For Courage in a Fire" for its fire fighting efforts that year when a fire broke out in the Moscow Oblast. The regiment took part in the 1985 World Festival of Youth and Students and in the 1987 commemorations of the 175th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino. In May 1991, the 1st Independent Honor Guard Company became the Honor Guard Battalion of the 154th ICR as another honor guard company was raised.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, History
In 2006, an amateur theater was created within the regiment. The 154th Independent Commandant's Regiment formally became the 154th 'Preobrazhensky' Independent Commandant's Regiment (the "Preobrazhensky" honorific title was in tribute to the Preobrazhensky Regiment) on 9 April 2013 by presidential decree no. 326 signed by Russian president Vladimir Putin.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, History
Putin had previously outlined a plan to reinstate the regiment's honorific title in an address to the Russian Federal Assembly in 2012, with the stated aim being to "strengthen the historical continuity" of the Russian Armed Forces by resurrecting the names of "famous, legendary units and formations of the Russian and Soviet armies". On 10 September 2018, the Moscow House of the Young Army Cadets National Movement was inaugurated on part of the regimental barracks and depot complex.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, The 154th ICR today
The regiment today is made of more than a thousand servicemen from all units of the Russian Armed Forces, composed of 3 battalions (the Honor Guard Battalion. and the 1st and 2nd Commandant's Battalions) and other independent units comprising it, including its Special Duties Company. The 154th Independent Commandant's Regiment, and its predecessors, have been involved in various state and international events through the years.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, The 154th ICR today
Aside from its duties at sporting events, other activities where they were involved include their attendance in various Soviet state funerals (including the Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev) and in the Victory Day celebrations in Moscow from 1965 onward, where they always provide the honor guard unit and troop the Victory Banner on Red Square for the annual parade among other commemorative activities. Recent regimental enlistment and passing-out parades have been held on the historic Poklonnaya Hill - at the Museum of the Great Patriotic War, Moscow.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, The 154th ICR today, Foreign appearances
Being a representative part of the Russian military, it is often asked to represent the nation at foreign military parades and ceremonies. One of its biggest foreign appearances was at the 2015 China Victory Day Parade, which celebrated the 70th anniversary of Victory over Japan Day of World War II. Within the Commonwealth of Independent States, it has represented the nation at small scale events, usually during presentations of war flags or the Victory Banner to these countries. Outside of the CIS sphere however, the regiment has been seen representing the nation on the national days of multiple countries, including Italy, France, Mexico, Libya and Venezuela.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, Gallery
The formation of the regiment in the form of the number of the military unit


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, Gallery
The Russian military honor guard from the 154th Commandant's Regiment welcomes U.S. Navy Adm. Mike Mullen at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Moscow).


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, Gallery
Different service and dress uniforms used by the 154th ICR's personnel


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, Gallery
Soldiers of the 154th ICR on the Champs-Élysées following ceremonies celebrating the 60th anniversary of the Victory against Nazism.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, Gallery
Vladimir Govorov presenting the banner of the regiment to the commander of 154th ICR on 29 June 1980.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, Gallery
An honor guard from the 154th ICR during the Caracas Independence Day parade in 2011.


154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, Gallery
Members of the 154th ICR during the repatriation of Oleg Peshkov's body at Chkalovsky Airport.


154th Regiment (United States)
The 154th Regiment (Regional Training Institute) ("Third Arkansas") is a training regiment/institute of the Army National Guard. Most of its history before the 1990s can be traced to the 154th Infantry Regiment which was created from the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Arkansas National Guard, in 1917. The Regiment was activated as for World War I, re-designated as the 154th Infantry and shipped to France as a part of the 39th Infantry Division, but became a replacement regiment and its personnel were reassigned to other American Expeditionary Force (AEF) units.


154th Regiment (United States)
The 154th Infantry Regiment was never reactivated in the Arkansas National Guard following World War I. However, by 1999, it had been reformed as a Regiment (Regional Training Institute) of the Mississippi Army National Guard.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Activation of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
The United States declared war on Germany 6 April 1917 less than two months after the last Arkansas National Guard units completed mustering out from duty on the Mexican border. At this time the Arkansas Guard consisted of two infantry regiments, the 1st and 2nd Arkansas, which had each been mobilized for service on the Mexican border. The National Defense Act of 1916 had provided for a massive expansion of the National Guard, from a force of just over 100,000 to over 400,000.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Activation of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
While a 3rd Arkansas Infantry had existed in the Arkansas State Guard prior to the Spanish–American War, the unit had been deactivated and never reorganized following the war with Spain. On 17 April 1917, plans for the 3rd Arkansas Regiment were formulated: new units were to be raised in sixteen cities to support the new Regiment. On 16 May 1917, it was announced that Little Rock was one of the cities to be allowed a new infantry company which would be part of the 3rd Arkansas Regiment. Enlistments were to be for the duration of the war. The pay per month for the enlisted men was as follows:


154th Regiment (United States), History, Activation of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
To qualify for a commission in the guard, an individual had to be a former officer or private of the guard, officer on reserve or unassigned list, active or retired officer of the regular army, navy or marine corps; graduate of the United States military or naval academy's or graduate of a school, college or university where military science under a regular army officer was taught.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Activation of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
The age limits that were established for officers of the new units were these:


154th Regiment (United States), History, Activation of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment
Recruitment for men in Little Rock was carried out by seventeen girls wearing badges bearing the words, "If You Are A Real Man Enlist." The girls distributed buttonhole tags with, "Are You A Slacker?" The other side of the tag read, "Are You A Man?" The girls worked until 5 June 1917, when the draft law became effective.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Mobilization
On 18 May 1917, the Arkansas National Guard was notified that on 5 August 1917, the guard as a whole would be called into Federal service. On 16 July 1917, the 3rd Arkansas included the following units:


154th Regiment (United States), History, Mobilization
On 18 July 1917, it was announced that Arkansas National Guard would move to Alexandria, Louisiana, for training as part of the Eighteenth Division. Alexandria, Louisiana, was the location of Camp Beauregard which was named after General P. G. T. Beauregard, C.S.A.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Mobilization
The 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment mobilized 5 August and was encamped around the new state capitol by 8 August. The 2nd and 3rd Infantry Regiments were examined for Federal service on 6 August 1917, at Ft. Brough (located on the Capital grounds). The regiments, under the control of General Wood, were sent to Ft. Roots and moved to Camp Pike by 24 August 1917. The Commander of the supply company of the 3rd Arkansas received instructions from the Augusta Arsenal to go into the open market and buy mess kits to complete the equipment needed for the new regiments. In mid-September the Arkansas units were notified that they were to be part of a newly created division, initially called the 18th but later re-designated as the 39th Division.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Mobilization
The 3rd Arkansas Regiment used sixty coaches, three standard pullmans, six baggage cars, twelve boxcars, and one stock car, and set off on a train journey to Camp Beauregard, Louisiana, lasting about fourteen hours; they mustered into Federal service 27 September – 18 October 1917.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Creation of the 154th Infantry Regiment
Once the Arkansas regiments arrived at Camp Beauregard, they were re-organized under a new national system for numbering army regiments. The 1st Arkansas Infantry became the 153rd Infantry Regiment, the 2nd Regiment (minus its Machine Gun Company) became the 142nd Field Artillery Regiment. The 3rd Arkansas Infantry, which had reported to Camp Beauregard with over 1800 Soldiers, was divided into two new units. The 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment were re-designated as the 154th Infantry. The former 3rd Battalion, 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment and the Machine Gun Company from the 2nd Arkansas Infantry were re-designated as the 141st Machine Gun Battalion.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Creation of the 154th Infantry Regiment
The 18th Infantry Division was re-designated as the 39th "Delta" Division, U.S.N.G., and the Arkansas units were assigned to the 77th Infantry Brigade (153rd Infantry, 154th Infantry, and the 141st Machine Gun Battalion).


154th Regiment (United States), History, Deployed to France
In May 1918, privates were given the opportunity to volunteer for duty overseas. In the rush to help end the war officers resigned their commissions so they would be qualified for duty overseas before the war was over. As a result, the first Arkansas National Guard Soldier to die in combat during World War I was Private Robert Springer of Company C 313th Labor Battalion on 19 May 1918, a former member of the 3rd Arkansas.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Deployed to France
June 1918, marked the arrival in France of 20 per cent of the enlisted personnel of the 154th Infantry, and the 141st Machine Gun Battalion, U.S.N.G. The movement consisted of only 20 per cent of each organization, and the officers did not accompany their troops but remained at Camp Beauregard with the other 80 per cent still in training.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Deployed to France
The first unit of the 39th Division arrived in France on 12 August 1918, and the last unit arrived on 12 September 1918. The Division was then sent to the St. Florent area, southwest of Bourges, where it was designated as a replacement division. In November 1918, it moved to St. Aignan. There several of the units were transferred to combat divisions. The 141st Machine Gun Battalion was deployed to near Chaumont, Department of Haute-Marne, France. Soon after reaching its billets an order was received from G. H. Q. designating this unit as the 141st Anti -aircraft Machine Gun Battalion and ordering it to proceed to Langres, France for training. The organization finished the war at Noigent waiting for transportation. Letters from a soldier of the 3rd Arkansas were received in Arkansas.


154th Regiment (United States), History, Deployed to France
The unit returned to the United States and was discharged in 1919. It was demobilized 13 January 1919 at Camp Beauregard, Louisiana.


154th Regiment (United States), Since 1919
In the post-World War I reorganization of the National Guard, the 154th Infantry Regiment was constituted in the National Guard in 1921, assigned to the 39th Division, and allotted to the state of Florida. The regiment was organized on 19 December 1921 by the redesignation of the 1st Infantry Regiment, Florida National Guard (organized 4 June 1921). The 1st and 2nd Battalions were called up to conduct riot control during a railroad workers' strike from 7-16 August 1922. On 1 July 1923, the 39th Division was redesignated the 31st Division, and the 154th Infantry was concurrently relieved from assignment to the 39th Division and assigned to the 31st Division. On 28 May 1924, the 154th Infantry Regiment was redesignated the 124th Infantry Regiment.


154th Regiment (United States), Since 1919
By 1999, its lineage had been taken up in the neighbouring Mississippi Army National Guard as the state's Regional Training Institute, and it remains active in that form.


154th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps
The 154th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps (154 RAC) was a short-lived armoured regiment of the British Army raised by the Royal Armoured Corps during World War II. The regiment was formed in 1942 by the conversion of the 9th Battalion, North Staffordshire Regiment into an armoured role. However, it was disbanded before it saw active service abroad.


154th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Origin
The regiment was formed in late 1941 by the conversion to the armoured role of the 9th Battalion, North Staffordshire Regiment. The 9th North Staffords was a hostilities-only infantry battalion raised in 1940 that had been serving with the 224th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home). In common with all other infantry battalions that were transferred to the Royal Armoured Corps, personnel of 154th RAC would still have continued to wear their North Staffords cap badge on the black beret of the Royal Armoured Corps. Personnel unsuited to fighting in tanks were weeded out by psychiatrists and sent to other units.


154th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Service
On 1 January 1942, 154th RAC was assigned to the 36th Army Tank Brigade (previously the 205th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home)) alongside the 156 RAC and 157 RAC, which had both also been converted from infantry battalions. On 8 December 1942, the brigade was redesignated 36th Tank Brigade. However, the regiment was disbanded on 3 July 1943, without it ever having seen active service and the brigade itself was disbanded later in the month. The personnel of the regiment were sent to other Royal Armoured Corps units.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment
The 154th Regiment, Tennessee Infantry was an infantry regiment from Tennessee that served with the Confederate States Army in the American Civil War. Raised originally in 1842 as the 154th Tennessee Militia it sought to retain its number and was as such also known as 154th (Senior) Tennessee Infantry (1st Tennessee Volunteers). Consolidating with the 13th Tennessee Infantry Regiment in March 1863 it was known as 13th-154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment; and had a number of temporary field consolidations until it was finally merged into the 2nd Consolidated Tennessee Infantry on April 9, 1865. The regiment surrendered with the remnants of the Army of Tennessee at Bennett Place on April 26, 1865.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service
The 154th Tennessee Regiment was a pre-war organization. Originally raised in Memphis, Tennessee in 1842, its companies were grouped into a battalion and assigned the Tennessee number 154. It retained the numerical designation when the old militia system was abandoned by Tennessee in 1859. The regiment became a social organization by taking out a charter of incorporation on March 22, 1860; under command of Col. William H. Carroll. Based at Memphis, Tennessee its members were largely from Shelby County.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
When war broke out a year later, the 154th was organized in Randolph, Shelby County on May 14, 1861. It sought to retain its old number 154 as it was known as the "Oldest of the Old". Of notion is a great portion of immigrant volunteers from Ireland and the German states. It received permission to add the appellation "Senior" to its regimental number to indicate it predated regiments with lower numbers; and was also named "1st Tennessee Volunteers".


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
The elected original field officers were Colonel Preston Smith, Lieutenant Colonel Marcus J. Wright and Major Jones Genette.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company A (Light Guards) - Capt. James Genette - Shelby County (Major Genette was replaced by Capt. C. L. Powers)


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company B (Bluff City Grays) - Capt. James H. Edmondson - Shelby County (became an independent sharpshooter company in 1862)


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company B - Capt. H. E. DeGraffenried - Fayette County (organized on May 16, 1862)


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company C (Jackson Guards) - Capt. Michael Magevney Jr. - Shelby County


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company D (Memphis Zouaves / Harris Zouave Cadets) - Capt. Sterling Fowlkes - Shelby County


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company E (Hickory Rifles) - Capt. John D. Martin - Shelby County


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company F (Henry Guards) - Capt. Edward Fitzgerald - Henry County


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company G (Southern Guards) - Capt. James Hamilton - Shelby County (withdrew from regimental mustering and became "Company L, 1st Tennessee Heavy Artillery")


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company G (The Beauregards) - Capt. James S. Moreland - Shelby County


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company H (Crockett Rangers) - Capt. Marsh M. Patrick - Shelby County


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company I (McNairy Guards) - Capt. Alphonso Cross - McNairy County


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company K (Sons of Liberty) - Capt. Thomas H. Hancock - Hardeman County


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
Company L (Maynard Rifles) - Capt. E. A. Cole - Shelby County (organized on March 8, 1862)


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
The Steuben Artillery was attached to the regiment during its state service, but disbanded in August 1861.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
On August 13, 1861, at New Madrid, Missouri, the regiment was mustered into Confederate service with 802 men under arms. On September 7 it was brigaded under command of Col. Benjamin F. Cheatham. When Cheatham advanced to division command Preston Smith was given command of a small brigade including his own 154th as well as Blythe's Mississippi Regiment and Hudson's Battery. Participating in the Battle of Belmont on November 7 the regiment was under command of Lt. Col. Wright.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1861
The regiment was one of the few that crossed the Mississippi River (in the steamer Kentucky) in the attempt to cut the Union's line of retreat. The command was not able to inhibit the retreat; though i.a. the regiment captured some military equipment and a dozen prisoners. Wright reports the regiment's losses as one man killed and 12 wounded.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1862
In March 1862 the regiment received its new flag when Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard attempt to standardize the battle flags of the Army of Tennessee. It was made by sail maker Henry Cassidy in New Orleans and made of light weight cotton fabric with 12 6-pointed silk stars. At Shiloh in April 1862 the brigade was under command of Brig. Gen. Bushrod R. Johnson and Smith commanded the regiment again. In the advance on April 6 the 154th was on the right of the brigade, the brigade and division being close to the center of the Confederate line.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1862
The division advanced against the Illinois division of Gen. McClernand. While the attack dislocated the enemy and led to the capture of numerous guns, the 154th alone taking four of the six guns of Dresser's Illinois battery, it didn't come without cost. Generals Cheatham and Johnson were both wounded, i.a. reinstating Preston Smith as brigade commander and Wright to command the regiment. Afterwards the brigade was ordered to advance to the right against elements of W.H.L. Wallace's division.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1862
During this time companies B and G were separated from the regiment, and were not able to join their unit until the day's fighting ended; instead gathering and escorting prisoners of the previous clash. While the regiment moved in close support of the advancing artillery the new Company L, armed with Maynard rifles, was detached to skirmish on the brigade's right, and stayed detached till the nightly hours of early April 7.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1862
When the rejoined regiment was ordered with the brigade to the Confederate line it was put under heavy fire from Gen. William "Bull" Nelson's newly arrived division; and together with a portion of another regiment (Blythe's) lost contact to the brigade. The regimental battle flag was lost 20 paces from the Union lines, several color bearers being shot on both days, but it was recaptured by Capt. George Mellersh. Now in the general move to the rear it fell in with Jones M. Withers's division and retreated in good order. Starting the battle with about 650 men present it lost 23 killed, 163 wounded and 11 missing.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1862
Afterwards the 154th had a rapid succession of brigade assignments. In May it was reported in Donelson's brigade, in June in Fulton's and Russell's brigades; but finally, at Tupelo on July 8, it was given their final brigade assignment throughout the war - again in the brigade of Col. Preston Smith which was completed by the 12th, 13th and 47th Tennessee Infantry Regiments as well as Bankhead's Battery. Also part of Smith's brigade was Edmondson's Sharpshooter Company, which has been Company B of the 154th till now. Lt


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1862
. Col. Wright, himself being wounded at Shiloh on April 6 and appointed military governor of Columbus, Kentucky, transferred from the regiment and served as Adjutant General to Gen. Cheatham. As the last Major, John D. Martin, raised and commanded the 25th Mississippi Infantry; the regiment was commanded by Major Edward Fitzgerald. Fitzgerald was made Colonel; but was killed on August 30 in the Battle of Richmond. His successor as regimental commander was Lt. Col., Irishman Michael Magevney. In December 1862 only 245 men were present for the Battle of Stones River, in which 41% were lost (14 killed, 84 wounded and 4 missing).


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, 1863
The small regiment went into winter quarters at Shelbyville, Tennessee. Here it was consolidated with the equally-depleted 13th Tennessee Infantry Regiment and constituted the 13th-154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment with Col. Alfred J. Vaughan of the 13th in overall command; though the muster rolls were kept separated for the duration of the war. After the Tullahoma Campaign in mid 1863 Smith's brigade (still in Cheatham's Division of Polk's Corps) consisted of the 11th, 12th-47th, 13th-154th and 29th Tennessee regiments as well as a detachment of sharpshooters known as Dawson's Sharpshooter Battalion.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, Later war
The 154th Tennessee Infantry surrendered with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at Greensboro, North Carolina on May 2, 1865.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, Later war
The 154th Tennessee Infantry was located in "the angle" at the battle of Kennesaw Mountain Georgia in June 1864. The angle turned out to be the main point of attack by Union General Sherman. The Union attack was repulsed while suffering a great number of casualties.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Organization & Service, Later war
The 154th participated in the battle of Peachtree Creek ordered by the newly appointed commander of The Army of Tennessee General John Bell Hood on July 20, 1864. This battle was fought just outside of the city of Atlanta with the battlefield now well within the modern day city of Atlanta. The confederate attack had initial success taking ground and cannon from the Union forces there. The attack was not supported, however, and Union reinforcements eventually regained the lost ground.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Modern-day reenactment units
The Bluff City Grays - Co. B, 154th Sr. Regiment, 1st Tennessee Infantry is a Memphis-based Confederate living history association with reenactors from western Tennessee, northern Mississippi, eastern Arkansas and southern Missouri. The company's purpose is to create an authentic impression of the common Confederate foot soldier; in the garb, with the gear and persona of the troops of Co. B, 154th Senior Regiment, 1st Tennessee, CSA, circa 1861.


154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Modern-day reenactment units
The 154th Senior Tennessee Infantry Company K inc was organized in the late 1970s in Northwest Indiana and Northern Illinois. Many of the 1970s original members are still participating with the 154th. The company has both Confederate and Union impression and several civilians and auxiliaries. It also has a "Soldier in the Classroom" program.


154th Training Squadron
The 154th Training Squadron (154th TRS) is a unit of the Arkansas Air National Guard 189th Airlift Wing. It is assigned to Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas and is equipped with the C-130H Hercules aircraft.


154th Training Squadron
The squadron is a descendant organization of the World War I 154th Aero Squadron, established on 8 December 1917. It was reformed on 24 October 1925, as the 154th Observation Squadron, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.


154th Training Squadron, Mission
The mission of the 154th Training Squadron is to train C-130 aircrew instructor candidates to become instructors in their respective crew positions, so that they may return to their units and help keep their unit members combat ready.


154th Training Squadron, Mission
The 154th Training Squadron is one of the most highly decorated Air National Guard units in the US. The unit is currently converting to C-130H aircraft modified under the C-130 Avionics Modernization Program (AMP). In addition, the wing operates the Air National Guard Enlisted Aircrew Academic School, which trains all the Air Force's C-130 entry-level loadmasters before they are sent across base to the 314th Airlift Wing for initial and mission qualification training. Additionally, the academic school is one of two flight engineer schools to provide entry-level flight engineer training for Air Force flight engineers.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War I
The 154th Training Squadron traces its origins to the 154th Aero Squadron, organized at Kelly Field, Texas, on 8 December 1917. The squadron was formed with 150 men collected from thirty-two states in every region of the nation. After a week at Kelly Field, the men were moved to Scott Field, Illinois, on 16 December for basic indoctrination training. At Scott, the men were instructed in drill and guard duty. Many personnel transfers happened at Scott with about 76 men transferred to other squadrons, and about 78 transferred into the 154th.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War I
On 26 January, the squadron was ordered for overseas duty, and was moved to the Aviation Concentration Center, Garden City, Long Island. It arrived on 29 January 1918 at Mineola Field, where it was prepared and equipped for overseas duty. The squadron was quarantined for several weeks at Mineola due to a rash of measles. However, on 16 February, the squadron was ordered to report to the New York Port of Embarkation at Hoboken, New Jersey, to board the former Cunard Liner RMS Carmania and sailed immediately. The voyage across the Atlantic was uneventful and it arrived at Liverpool, England, on 4 March. In England, the squadron moved to the American Rest Camp at Romsey, near Winchester, arriving there the same date.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War I
At Winchester, the 154th was ordered detached to the Royal Flying Corps for technical training, and departed for the No. 3 Training Depot Station (TDS), RFC Lopcome Center, Nether Wallop, England on 17 March. The squadron was the first American unit assigned to this part of England, and the English had very little knowledge about the traits or character or to what the squadron's status was at the station. It was assigned to the RFC-34 Wing, and the men were assigned to duty and training in the hangars and various schools of instruction.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War I
Initially there was a tendency to minimize the mechanical knowledge of the men of the squadron, however their anxiety to learn was displayed in almost every department and within several weeks, the elementary training was ended and the squadron was entrusted with work of the most important nature. At the end of two months' training, the 154th was in complete control of two full Flights, consisting of about 24 airplanes, Sopwith Camels, Pups and Avroes.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War I
In addition, squadron mechanics in the workshops, the airplane repair shops, the armorers in the gunnery school and the drivers in the Transport Flight had relieved a large proportion of the British personnel for service at the front lines in France. On 16 August, the squadron was split up into several Flights for final training at advanced bases in England, before being re-assembled at Winchester on the 30th. There, orders were received for transfer to France. On 12 September the squadron proceeded to Le Havre, France, and moved to British Rest Camp No.2 there waiting further orders. It then moved to the Replacement Concentration Center, AEF, St. Maixent Replacement Barracks, France, arriving on 17 September 1918.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War I
On 25 September the 154th was ordered to report to the Commander, Air Service Acceptance Park No. 1 at Orly Aerodrome, France for temporary duty and to await orders for the Front. However, due to the sudden and unforeseen developments in the war situation, the squadron never received the transfer orders and was at Orly at the time of the Armistice with Germany on 11 November. While at Orly, the men were assigned to several departments, owing to their trades learned while on duty in England.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War I
On 24 December, the 154th was ordered to demobilize and moved to the Base Port at St. Nazarine for immediate transport back to the United States. The 154th returned to the United States in late January 1919 and arrived at Mitchel Field, New York, where the squadron members were demobilized and returned to civilian life.


154th Training Squadron, History, Inter-War years
The great Mississippi River flood of 1927 was one of the worst natural disasters in American history. It inundated 27,000 square miles, an area about the size of New England, killing as many as 1,000 people and displacing 700,000 more. At a time when the entire budget of the federal government was barely $3 billion, the flood caused an estimated $1 billion in damage. Although National Guard aviation units had been regularly called upon to assist civil authorities since early in that decade, the 1927 flood marked the first time that an entire Guard flying unit and its government-issued aircraft had been mobilized to help deal with a major natural disaster.


154th Training Squadron, History, Inter-War years
Governor John E. Martineau called up the 10 officers and 50 enlisted members of the 154th Observation Squadron, Arkansas National Guard, to help locate stranded flood victims as well as to deliver food, medicines and supplies to them and relief workers. The unit also conducted aerial patrols along the Mississippi River scouting for weakened or broken levees. Its JN-4 Jenny aircraft flew some 20,000 miles during the mobilization which lasted from 18 April through 3 May 1927. Members of the unit also worked to strengthen and repair river levees.


154th Training Squadron, History, Inter-War years
Flood relief operations took a toll on the 154th. Two aircraft crashed and at least three aviators were injured. The unit's remaining aircraft were grounded for maintenance and repairs at one point. Because of the heavy burden of flight operations, five of the unit's aging JN-4s had to be replaced by PT-1 trainer aircraft in mid-May 1927. The flood relief work of the 154th underscores the long-standing but little understood history of Air National Guard units and their pre-World War II antecedents in supporting civil authorities.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War II
The 154th Observation Squadron was activated for one year of training on 16 September 1940. The unit completed its one-year training and returned to state control, but was recalled to active duty on 7 December 1941. The unit received extensive stateside training before deploying to North Africa. Most of the squadron sailed from the United States in September 1942 on the Queen Mary, with its first overseas station in Wattisham, England, 4–21 October 1942.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War II
From there it boarded ship and sailed to be part of Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa, going ashore on the second day (9 November 1942) of the invasion in Oran, Algeria. Over the next 2 ½ years the squadron would be stationed in St Leu, Tafaraoui, and Blida, Algeria; Oujda, French Morocco; Youks-les-Bains, Algeria; Thelepte, Sbeitla, Le Sers, and Korba, Tunisia; Nouvion and Oran, Algeria; with final station in Bari, Italy (3 February 1944 – 1 July 1945).


154th Training Squadron, History, World War II
During the period of overseas deployment the 154th operated A-20 Havocs, P-39 Airacobras, P-38/F-4 Lightnings, and was the first unit to operate P-51 Mustangs in the Mediterranean Theatre. A total of 1495 missions and 2522 sorties were flown.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War II
The 154th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron, 68th Tactical Reconnaissance Group, was attached to the Fifteenth Air Force for the purpose of flying weather reconnaissance, a duty which had been handled by a P-38 unit called the Fifteenth Air Force Weather Reconnaissance Detachment. Personnel and equipment of the 154th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron and the Weather Reconnaissance Detachment were subsequently integrated, and the unit was re-designated the 154th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron (Medium) on 12 May 44. Operations were limited to weather reconnaissance.


154th Training Squadron, History, World War II
The Squadron was awarded a (Presidential) Distinguished Unit Citation: Rumania, 17, 18, 19 August 1944.


154th Training Squadron, History, Arkansas Air National Guard
2 October 1950, the 154th Fighter Squadron, along with detachment B, 237th Air Services Group and the 154th Utility Flight reported to active duty for service in Korea. The unit went to Langley Air Force Base, VA where it was re-equipped with the F-84E fighter and completed transition training. The 154th flew its first combat sortie 2 May 1951. Initially operating out of Itaeke, Japan the unit later moved to Taegu, Korea. The 154th returned to Arkansas and was relieved from active duty 1 July 1952. While in Korea the 154th flew 3,790 combat sorties and was awarded the Presidential Korean Citation for its service


154th Training Squadron, History, Arkansas Air National Guard
The squadron was inactivated in 1952 and redesignated the 154th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron. The squadron was then relocated to Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, and reorganized as the 189th Tactical Reconnaissance Group, absorbing elements of the 123rd Air Base Group.


154th Training Squadron, History, Arkansas Air National Guard
The squadron moved from Adams Field to Little Rock Air Force Base, Jacksonville, AR, in September 1962 The 154th was the first Air National Guard unit to be equipped with the RF-101 Voodoo in 1965. Soon after, the squadron was again activated to respond to the Pueblo Crisis in January 1968. In July, the 154th deployed to Itazuke, Japan, but was inactivated that December.


154th Training Squadron, History, Arkansas Air National Guard
On 1 January 1976, the unit converted to KC-135 and was redesignated the 154th Air Refueling Squadron. It was then assigned to the Strategic Air Command, one of the first Air National Guard units to be assigned as such. The unit maintained a 24-hour alert and supported worldwide tanker task forces by performing in-flight refueling of all types of aircraft.


154th Training Squadron, History, Arkansas Air National Guard
The unit received its first C-130 on 1 July 1986 and began training C-130 aircrews. By 1 October, the unit had fully converted to the C-130. Student training began on 25 September. The unit was redesignated the 154th Airlift Squadron on 16 April 1992.


154th Training Squadron, History, Arkansas Air National Guard
Since 1998, the squadron has been the exclusive provider for instructor training. The school instructs courses for all crew positions on board the C-130, and has taught students from all branches of the military.


154th Training Squadron, History, Arkansas Air National Guard
Members of the 154th flew in Operations Desert Shield, Desert Storm, Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and Noble Eagle. These operations did not affect the wing's training mission.


154th Wing
The 154th Wing (154 WG) is a unit of the Hawaii Air National Guard, stationed at Hickam Air Force Base, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Honolulu, Hawaii. If activated to federal service, the Wing is placed under the command of the Pacific Air Forces.


154th Wing, Overview
The 154th Wing is the major operational component of the Hawaii Air National Guard. The 154th is both a composite wing, consisting of Air Supremacy, Airlift, Radar, and Air Refueling squadrons, and in certain instances an associate unit with the USAF Pacific Air Forces' 15th Wing.


154th Wing, Overview
In performing its state mission, the Hawaii ANG provides organized, trained units to protect Hawaii's citizens and property, preserve peace, and ensure public safety in response to natural or human-caused disasters. The federal mission of the Hawaii ANG is to provide operationally ready combat units, combat support units, and qualified personnel for active duty in the U.S. Air Force in time of war, national emergency, or operational contingency.


154th Wing, History
On 1 December 1960, the Hawaii Air National Guard 199th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron was authorized to expand to a group level, and the 157th Fighter-Interceptor Group was established by the National Guard Bureau. The 199th FIS becoming the group's flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 157th Headquarters, 157th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 157th Combat Support Squadron, and the 157th USAF Dispensary.


154th Wing, History
The 199th FIG F-86L Sabre Interceptors were upgraded to F-102A Delta Dagger interceptors,  the mission of the 154th FIW is the air defense of Hawaii. Eventually 29 F-102s were received. This was in line with the policy of equipping ANG units with one generation of aircraft behind the active-duty Air Defense Command forces. For the next sixteen years, the 157th FIG operated the Delta Daggers  establishing an excellent safety record. In December 1961, The new Hawaii Air National Guard (HANG) complex was completed and consisted of 60 acres. The land was originally part of Fort Kamehameha and had been acquired in 1960 by permit from the U.S. Army to the Hawaii ANG.


154th Wing, History
The 157th flew the Delta Dagger throughout the 1960s, and although the Hawaii ANG was not activated during the Vietnam War, several of its pilots volunteered for combat duty in Southeast Asia. The group was the longest user of the interceptor, being equipped with the F-102 long after most of its Air National Guard counterparts were upgraded to the F-106.


154th Wing, History, Tactical fighters
The last F-102A finally left ANG service in October 1976, when the 199th FIS of the Hawaii ANG traded in their Delta Daggers for F-4C Phantom II and the 157th became a Tactical Fighter Group. The F-4C was a workhorse tactical fighter-bomber during the Vietnam War, and could also be used as an effective interceptor. The Hawaii ANG used the Phantom in both roles, employing it during training exercises with Army and Marine units in ground exercises, as well as retaining the standing air defense alert at Hickam. On 3 November 1978, the 154th became a Composite Group with the addition of a C-130A Hercules and a C-7A Caribou flight.


154th Wing, History, Tactical fighters
After a decade flying the F-4C, the 157th received F-15A Eagles in 1987 along with a twin-seat F-15B trainer as part of the retirement of the F-4 from the Air Force inventory.


154th Wing, History, Tactical fighters
The F-15As were received from the 21st Tactical Fighter Wing, Elmendorf AFB, Alaska, which was upgrading to the F-15C model. The Eagles received from Alaska had been upgraded through the F-15 Multi-Stage Improvement Program (MSIP) and were used in an air defense mission, which the Hawaii ANG had taken over. In mid-1991, early F-15C versions were received, and the Hawaii ANG operated both the A and C models of the Eagle for the next two decades.


154th Wing, History, Tactical fighters
In 1989 with inactivation of the PACAF 326th Air Division, the 154th Composite Group took over the air defense Radar mission in Hawaii. The 169th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron began operating a JSS radar site at Mount Kaala, Oahu along with the FAA, and the 150th Aircraft Control and Warning Flight operates a joint-use JSS radar site at Kokee Air Force Station, Kauai. These radar sites are linked to the NORAD Hawaii Region Air Operations Center (HIRAOC) at Wheeler Army Airfield, Oahu, . With these two sites, 24/7 air surveillance of the Hawaiian island chain is provided. The 154th Aircraft Control Squadron on Kauai also provides a mobile, self-sustainable, combat ready, forward extension and control element equipped to meet the Air Force's ground theater air control systems.


154th Wing, History, Post Cold War
In March 1992, with the end of the Cold War, the 154th adopted the Air Force Objective Organization plan, and the unit was re-designated as the 154th Group. In January 1993, the 203d Air Refueling Squadron was recognized and activated by the National Guard Bureau. The 203d assumed the rotating deployments of KC-135s to Hickam which started in the 1970s by SAC-gained stateside Air National Guard squadrons. On 1 August 1994 the C-130 flight was expanded and the 204th Airlift Squadron was recognized and activated by the National Guard Bureau, eventually transitioning from the C-130A to the C-130H2..


154th Wing, History, Post Cold War
In 1995, in accordance with the Air Force "One Base-One Wing" directive, the 154th was changed in status to a Wing, and the 199th Fighter Squadron was assigned to the new 154th Operations Group.


154th Wing, History, Post Cold War
In 2006, the 204th Airlift Squadron began transitioning from the C-130 to the C-17 Globemaster III.


154th Wing, History, Post Cold War
In July 2010, the Hawaii Air National Guard welcomed the first of its new inventory of F-22A Raptors. The 154th Wing was the second ANG unit to be equipped with the F-22. The 199th is planned to have 20 aircraft, the initial aircraft being transferred from the 325th Fighter Wing, Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida; the remaining 18 aircraft will come from the 1st Fighter Wing, Langley Air Force Base, Virginia.


154th Wing, History, Post Cold War
The F-22 is designed to counter advanced surface-to-air missile systems and next-generation fighters equipped with launch-and-leave missile capability. The F-15s were sent to the CONUS, the last Eagle leaving in 2011. The 199th operates active-duty 19th Fighter Squadron as an associate unit, although the Hawaii ANG is responsible for seventy-five percent of the mission configuration. This is the first time an Air National Guard unit, the 199th Fighter Squadron, has taken the position of lead squadron in an associate flying unit arrangement with the active duty Air Force.


154th meridian east
The meridian 154° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, Australasia, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


154th meridian east
The 154th meridian east forms a great circle with the 26th meridian west.


154th meridian east, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 154th meridian east passes through:


154th meridian west
The meridian 154° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


154th meridian west
The 154th meridian west forms a great circle with the 26th meridian east.


154th meridian west, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 154th meridian west passes through:


155
Year 155 (CLV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 908 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 155 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


155 (Wessex) Transport Regiment (Volunteers)
155 (Wessex) Transport Regiment, Royal Logistic Corps, was a regiment in the United Kingdom's Territorial Army that was initially formed in 1967 and disbanded in 2014.


155 (Wessex) Transport Regiment (Volunteers), History
The regiment was first formed in the Royal Corps of Transport as 155th (Wessex) Regiment, RCT (Volunteers) in 1967. It was disbanded in 1993 but re-formed in the Royal Logistic Corps as 155th (Wessex) Transport Regiment, RLC (Volunteers) in 2006. It disbanded under Army 2020, with 232 Transport Squadron re-roling to a Port Squadron and then moving to 165 Port and Maritime Regiment RLC.


155 (number)
155 (one hundred [and] fifty-five) is the natural number following 154 and preceding 156.


155 (number), In mathematics
If one adds up all the primes from the least through the greatest prime factors of 155, that is, 5 and 31, the result is 155. (sequence  in the OEIS)   Only three other "small" semiprimes (10, 39, and 371) share this attribute.


155 BC
Year 155 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Corculum and Marcellus (or, less frequently, year 599 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 155 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


155 GH 52 APU
The 155 GH 52 APU (which stands for 155 mm gun-howitzer, 52 calibers, auxiliary power unit), Finnish designation 155 K 98 (155 mm kenttäkanuuna 1998 or "155 mm field gun 1998"; FDF terminology doesn't recognise gun-howitzers), is a Finnish towed artillery piece developed in 1998. It is largely based on the 155 K 83 with some major enhancements. It can be moved on the field short distances with its own auxiliary diesel engine, which is used in all 56 units used by the Finnish defence forces, is a 78-kilowatt Deutz diesel engine. The Egyptian units are not equipped with the APU.


155 GH 52 APU
The 155 GH 52 is considered to be one of the most modern field artillery cannons to date and was originally manufactured by Oy Tampella AB industries (today a part of Patria, Patria Vammas Systems Oy). It has a high rate of fire (6 rounds per minute) and can fire all types of 155 mm ammunition.


155 GH 52 APU, Domestic operators
The Kainuu Artillery Regiment of Kainuu Brigade in Vuosanka shooting range and the Artillery Brigade in Niinisalo in Pohjankangas shooting range operate the guns in Finland. The artillery units train also at Rovajärvi shooting range in Rovaniemi, Lapland.


155 GH 52 APU, Domestic operators
In Finnish practice one infantry readiness brigade has one organic artillery regiment consisting of two artillery fire battalions. Both of the artillery fire battalions have 18 cannons divided in three six cannon batteries, which means that an artillery regiment, which is an organic unit for a readiness brigade, should have 36 cannons in its two artillery battalions. Finland has three readiness brigades.


155 GH 52 APU, Export
In 2003 a gun was mounted on a Soviet T-55 chassis for use as a self-propelled gun prototype. This vehicle was designed primarily as a design study for the Egyptian Army. It was later sold to Egypt, but no deal of more units were made.


155 GH 52 APU, Export
On 21 May 2007, the Finnish Yleisradio revealed some problems with the 155 GH 52 APU, dealing with reliability issues of the towing system and barrel behavior when firing long-distance rounds. These facts had been withheld from the Egyptians at the time of the deal. The major challenges have been the accuracy of fire in the longest distances and barrel wear with same distances.


155 GH 52 APU, Export
The arms deal lead into a juridical process formally presented as an allegation of corruption. Inspector Janne Järvinen and state prosecutor Ari-Pekka Koivisto investigated if the 10% trade commission had been partly allocated to the directors of the buying organisation using the commercial agent.


155 GH 52 APU, Characteristics
The gun's deployment power is 78 kW and its driven speed (in terrain, to location) is 7.5 km/h or 15 km/h when pulled by a heavy truck. The cost of one system is 500,000 euros.


155 GH 52 APU, Characteristics
After having encountered problems with firing at 35 km - 40 km, the Finnish Army concentrated its artillery gun development on the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System (in Finnish arsenal 298 RsRakH 06, later 298 RSRAKH 06) bought as Dutch surplus.


155 K 83
The Tampella 155 K 83 is a Finnish towed 155 mm field gun (Finnish designation; technically it is a gun-howitzer), manufactured in the 1980s by Tampella.


155 K 83, History
The development process for the 155 K 83 began in 1960 when Tampella presented their concept of a new 122 mm gun for the Finnish Army. It was a sound concept, but quite a heavy gun. It was only ordered in small numbers. In order to take advantage of the design, a decision was made to further develop this into a 155 mm gun. Through a number of development stages the 155 K 83 was born.


155 K 83, History
The drawings were also used to develop the Israeli Soltam M-68, which, after improvements, became the Soltam M-71 (designated the G4 in South Africa). Some guns have been modernized to 155 K 83-97 standard.


155 K 83, History
The gun design was further modified in the late 1990s. The gun, called 155 GH 52 APU (or 155 K 98 in Finnish Army service), was given a longer, 52 calibre barrel and an auxiliary power unit, enabling it to move by its own power. The chamber was also changed to support modern NATO-standard charge bags.


155 North Wacker
155 North Wacker is a 48-story skyscraper located in Chicago, Illinois designed by Goettsch Partners and was developed by the John Buck Company. It stands 638 feet (195 m). It has received LEED silver pre-certification. The construction started in 2007 and was completed in 2009.


155 Scylla
Scylla (minor planet designation: 155 Scylla) is a main belt asteroid. It was discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa at the Austrian Naval Observatory on 8 November 1875, and named after the monster Scylla in Greek mythology. Two weeks after its discovery this asteroid became lost and was not recovered for 95 years. It was finally found by Paul Wild of Berne, Switzerland with the aid of an ephemeris created in 1970 by Conrad M. Bardwell at Cincinnati Observatory.


155 Scylla
Photometric observations of this asteroid during 2008 at the Organ Mesa Observatory in Las Cruces, New Mexico, gave an asymmetrical, bimodal light curve with a period of 7.9597 ± 0.0001 hours and a brightness variation of 0.46 ± 0.03 in magnitude.


155 West Washington Boulevard
155 West Washington Boulevard is a Romanesque Revival high-rise building built in 1927. It is located in Historic South Central Los Angeles.


155 mm
155 mm (6.1″) is a common, NATO-standard, artillery calibre. It is defined in AOP-29 part 1 with reference to STANAG 4425. It is commonly used in field guns, howitzers, and gun-howitzers.


155 mm, Land warfare
Since the late 20th century, most NATO armies have adopted 155 mm weapons as an all-purpose standard. They are seen as striking a good compromise between range and destructive power, while using only a single calibre simplifies logistics. This has led to the obsolescence of larger calibre weapons such as the 175 mm (6.9") and 203 mm (8"), although some militaries retain 105 mm weapons for their light weight and portability. Russian guns and those of former Soviet bloc countries tend to use 152mm (5.9") weapons in similar roles.


155 mm, Naval warfare
Since the end of WWII, 155 mm has not found any use among naval forces despite its ubiquity on land, with most NATO and aligned navies using 76mm (3"), 100mm (3.9"), 114mm (4.5"), or 127mm (5") guns on modern warships. At one point the British Ministry of Defence studied "up-gunning" the Royal Navy's 4.5 inch Mark 8 naval guns to give increased firepower and a common calibre between the Royal Navy and the British Army.


155 mm, Naval warfare
However, despite superficially appearing to be superior due to a comparison of round diameters, when firing conventional ammunition the smaller, 4.5" naval gun is comparable to the standard 155mm gun-howitzer of the British Army. The standard shell from a 4.5" naval gun has the same, if not better, range and carries twice the HE payload of a standard 155mm round. Only by using rocket-assisted projectiles (RAP) can most 155mm guns have comparable range to the 4.5" naval gun and by doing so there is a reduction in the payload.


155 mm, Naval warfare
This is because naval guns can be built much more strongly than land-based self-propelled gun-howitzers, and have much longer barrels in relation to calibre (for example the Mark 8 has a barrel length of 55 calibres, while the standard AS-90 self-propelled gun has a barrel length of 39 calibres). This allows naval guns to fire heavier shells in comparison to shell diameter and to use larger propellant charges in relation to shell weight leading to greater projectile velocities.


155 mm, Naval warfare
In addition, even without active cooling, the heavier naval gun barrels allow for a superior sustained rate of fire compared to field guns, and this is exploited with an autoloading system with a capacity of several hundred rounds. The 155mm is superior to the 4.5" naval gun in relation to cannon-launched guided projectiles (CLGP); because the 155mm round is fired at a lower velocity it is much easier for their internal electronic guidance systems to survive being fired.


155 mm, Naval warfare
The US Navy's Advanced Gun System also uses a 155mm calibre, although it is not compatible with NATO-standard 155mm ammunition. However, since 2016 no ammunition has been developed and therefore the Advanced Gun System is completely unusable.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom
The 155 mm Creusot Long Tom was a French siege gun (artillery piece) manufactured by Schneider et Cie in Le Creusot, France and used by the Boers in the Second Boer War as field guns.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom
Four guns, along with 4,000 common shells, 4,000 shrapnel shells and 800 case shot were purchased by the South African Republic (informally known as the Transvaal) in 1897. The guns were emplaced in four forts around the country's capital, Pretoria.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom, Description, The gun
The Long Tom gun consisted of a barrel and a separate carriage. The barrel was 4,2 metres long and weighed 2,500 kg (49 cwt). The carriage weighed 3,000 kg (59 cwt).


155 mm Creusot Long Tom, Description, The gun
The gun was placed on a wooden platform, consisting of three layers of beams (deals) each measuring 7,5 cm by 7,5 cm by 4,5 m. The size of the platform was 4,5 m by 4,5 m by 22,5 cm. The layers were placed at right angles to one another. The platform weighed 5,200 kg. The platform had to be placed level in all directions to ensure that the range did not change when the gun pointed in a different direction. Near the "front" of the platform a pivot plate was securely attached to the platform. Recoil was controlled by a hydraulic cylinder which connected the trail to the pivot plate. Chocks were also placed behind the wheels to limit recoil.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom, Description, The gun
To prepare the gun for transport a large tripod was placed over it and, using a block and tackle, the barrel lifted off the front trunnion cups and moved to the back trunnion cups. The trail was then placed on a limber. 16 to 20 oxen were required to pull the gun over hard soil. Two wagons were required to transport the platform and the ammunition was transported on another two wagons.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom, Description, The ammunition, Cartridge
The propellant charge for the Long Tom was carried in a canvas bag which was about 56 cm long. Black powder was used and this caused a large cloud of white smoke when the gun was fired. The enemy immediately knew where the gun was.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom, Description, The ammunition, Common shell
The common shell was 42 cm long and weighed 43 kg (94 lb.) It was filled with an explosive called MC 30. The range was 9,880 m.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom, Description, The ammunition, Fragmentation shell
This shell weighed 41 kg and had a range of 6,800 m. It had a combination percussion cap and time fuse. During the first part of the war the time fuses did not work properly.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom, Description, The ammunition, Case shot
Case shot was used as a last resort when the enemy's foot soldiers were close to the gun. Case shot was effective up to 400 metres.


155 mm Creusot Long Tom, Second Boer War
During the Second Boer War the guns were deployed as field guns and siege guns at Vaal Krantz, Ladysmith, Mafeking, Kimberley and Bergendal. During the early stages of the war these guns gave the Boers an advantage as they had longer range than any British guns that were deployed in South Africa at the time. After all their ammunition had been expended, the guns were destroyed one by one, to prevent them from falling into British hands.