16th century
The Protestant Reformation in central and northern Europe gave a major blow to the authority of the papacy and the Catholic Church. In England, the British-Italian Alberico Gentili wrote the first book on public international law and divided secularism from canon law and Catholic theology. European politics became dominated by religious conflicts, with the groundwork for the epochal Thirty Years' War being laid towards the end of the century.


16th century
In the Middle East, the Ottoman Empire continued to expand, with the Sultan taking the title of Caliph, while dealing with a resurgent Persia. Iran and Iraq were caught by a major popularity of the Shiite sect of Islam under the rule of the Safavid dynasty of warrior-mystics, providing grounds for a Persia independent of the majority-Sunni Muslim world.


16th century
In the Indian subcontinent, following the defeat of the Delhi Sultanate empire and Vijayanagara Empire, new powers emerged, the Suri Empire founded by Sher Shah Suri, Deccan sultanates and the Mughal Empire by Emperor Babur of Mughal Dynasty, a direct descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan. His successors Humayun and Akbar, enlarged the empire to include most of South Asia. The empire developed a strong and stable economy in the world, leading to commercial expansion and greater patronage of culture, which significantly influenced the course of Indian history.


16th century
Japan suffered a severe civil war at this time, known as the Sengoku period, and emerged from it as a unified nation. China was ruled by the Ming dynasty and came into conflict with Japan and Japanese piracy over the control of Korea.


16th century BC
The 16th century BC is a century which lasted from 1600 BC to 1501 BC.


16th century BC, Sovereign states
See : List of sovereign states in the 16th century BC.


16th century in Canada
The 16th century in Canada saw the first contacts, since the Norsemen 500 years earlier, between the indigenous peoples in Canada living near the Atlantic coast and European fishermen, whalers, traders, and explorers.


16th century in Canada
Following the discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus in 1492 and the subsequent voyage to the land that became known as Canada by John Cabot in 1497, Europeans visited the Atlantic coast with increasing frequency. Cabot's report of abundant codfish drew European fishermen to the waters near Canada. Most of the visits in the 16th century were unrecorded, although by mid-century the number of European fishing boats and whaling ships visiting Newfoundland, Labrador, the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and Nova Scotia ran into the hundreds annually. Many of the Europeans came ashore to trade with the indigenous peoples or process their catch.


16th century in Canada
The tribes of indigenous people living in the area visited by Europeans were the Inuit in Labrador, the Beothuk in Newfoundland, the Micmaq in Nova Scotia and the southern part of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the St. Lawrence Iroquoians along the St. Lawrence River in Quebec and Ontario, and the Innu (Montagnais), north of the St. Lawrence River. The tribes of the Wabenaki and Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacies would also play a role in the history of Canada during this century.


16th century in Canada
The principal resources drawing Europeans to Canada were a seemingly inexhaustible fishery of cod and marine mammals (for oil). Toward the end of the century, trading with indigenous people for furs became important.


16th century in North American history
The historical record in North America begins  in the second half of the 16th century, with ongoing   European exploration.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Giovanni da Verrazzano explored the East Coast of North America from Florida to presumably Newfoundland in 1524.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Jacques Cartier made a series of voyages on behalf of the French crown in 1534 and explored the St. Lawrence River.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
André Thevet's The new found worlde, or Antarctike is an English translation of Thevet's Les singularitez de la France antarctique, first published in 1558.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
André Thevet was a Franciscan friar who accompanied Villegagnon in 1555 when he went to establish a French colony on the coast of Brazil. He was there for only a few months, but in that time gained a considerable knowledge of the manners and customs of the natives. His observations were considered unreliable by some of his contemporaries and there is still some doubt as to whether or not his accounts can be regarded as accurate.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
By his translation of Thevet, Thomas Hacket presented the first account in English of a curious American custom – the smoking of tobacco by means of burning leaves wrapped in a small cylinder (the cigar), or in a pipe: "Their maner to use it, is this, they wrappe a quantitie of this herbe being dry in a leafe of a palme tree which is very great, and so they make rolles of the length of a cãdle, and than they fire the one end, and receive the smoke therof by their nose and by their mouthe." Thevet's account of this practice is the first clear description of the cigar and its use.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Sir Humphrey Gilbert published his book, A discourse of a discoverie for a new passage to Cataia. This book, which is an essay to prove the practicality of the Northwest Passage, was written partly in support of Gilbert's still unanswered petition of November 1566 for privileges "concerning the discoveringe of a passage by the North west to go to Cataia", partly to reassure his elder brother, Sir John, who, having no issue, was adverse to Sir Humphrey embarking personally on such an enterprise.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Gilbert had shown his friend, the poet George Gascoigne, "sundrie profitable and verie commendable exercises which he had perfected painefully with his owne penne"; one of these "exercises" was the Discourse. Gascoigne edited it and published it in 1576, probably without Gilbert's authority. In 1583 Gilbert landed at Newfoundland and there founded the first British colony in North America. After a voyage of discovery along the south coast he sailed for home, but was lost in a storm off the southern Azores. A year later his patents were renewed in the name of his half-brother, Sir Walter Raleigh.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Martin Frobisher, licensed by Elizabeth I and backed by a group of merchant adventurers, sought gold in the New World and a Northwest Passage to the Orient. George Best accompanied Frobisher on all of his three voyages (in 1576, 1577 and 1578) and this work is the first account of them. It has two maps drawn by James Beare, Frobisher's principal surveyor, The rough outline map of the west of Europe, Groenland and "the supposed fyrmeland of America" wrongly convinced many people in England that the Northwest Passage had actually been discovered.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
But it was not until the late nineteenth century that the actual existence of a Northwest Passage was proved and only at the beginning of this century that the transit was made. Frobisher discovered Hudson Strait (which he named Mistaken Strait) and returned home with shiploads of fool's gold (iron pyrites) and mica, which finally served as road building material.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Richard Eden published The history of travayle in the West and East Indies in 1577—this is not a reprint of the 1555 edition, although, like that, the larger portion is taken up with Peter Martyr d'Anghiera's Decades of the New World, the first formal history of the Americas, and Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés (Oviedo)' History of the West Indies. It contains a number of important additions not to be found in the earlier edition and appeared after the death of Eden.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
This is the earliest collection of voyages in the English language and is of great historical importance. It contains the "Bull of Pope Alexander", in Latin and English, by which the world was divided between Spain and Portugal, as well as translations of the most important parts of the works of Oviedo, Maximilian of Transylvania, Vespuccius, Gomara, and others, pertaining to the maritime discovery of the New World.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Augustin de Zarate, the Comptroller of Accounts for Castile, was sent out as Treasurer-General with the first viceroy, Blasco Nuñez de Vela, to examine the financial affairs of Peru. During his stay at Lima, he carefully collected notes and materials in his journal and, on his return to Spain, began the compilation of a history of Peru from the discovery of Pizarro to the departure of Gasca. He had access to the best official sources of information, and his work is not without value, though strongly prejudiced. The Historia del descubrimiento y conquista del Peru (The strange and delectable history of the discoverie and conquest of the provinces of Peru) is the foundation of all the subsequent histories of the events to which it refers.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
This is the first English translation, by Thomas Nicholas, who also translated Francisco López de Gómara’s La conquista de Mexico. Nicholas was employed by the Levant Company in the Canary Islands and spent several years in prison there and in Spain for alleged heresy. On his release and return to England he published his translations of Spanish works which were probably written during his imprisonment.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Richard Hakluyt wrote and published his book, The principal navigations, voyages, traffiques and discoveries of the English nation. Hakluyt was a graduate of University of Oxford, where he later lectured on geography. He was a scholar, a collector and a fervent advocate of colonial expansion.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Hakluyt sincerely believed that England was obliged to carry the Protestant gospel to the Native American people. To enforce his argument, Hakluyt emphasized the advantages that England would receive if his demand for overseas colonies was met. His first book, Divers voyages touching the discoverie of America, published in 1582, introduced the English-speaking world to the discoveries made in North America by the Cabot's, Verrazano and Ribaut. In 1589, he compiled his principal navigations—this is the second, enlarged edition that was published in the following year.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Hakluyt's second edition documents a life devoted to the promotion of English colonization and commerce, through an exploration of the less-known or recently discovered parts of the world. The publication has been called "the prose epic of the modern English nation". The third volume is solely concerned with America and Hakluyt gathered firsthand narratives of exploration for posterity—its importance in relation to English discovery and colonization in America has been stated.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Walter Bigges' A summarie and true discourse of Sir Francis Drakes West Indian voyage is an account of Drake's expedition of 1585–86 against the Spaniards. The king of Spain had laid an embargo on all English ships and goods found in his country, and Elizabeth I had replied by letters of reprisal, and by ordering that a fleet of twenty-five sail be equipped "to revenge the wrongs offered her and to resist the king of Spain's preparations".


16th century in North American history, Timeline
The first part of this work was written by Walter Bigges, a soldier officer; he died shortly after leaving Cartagena and the account was continued by Croftes, the lieutenant of Bigges' company. The expedition had been successful in that many Spanish settlements had been plundered and destroyed and a severe blow dealt to Spanish trade, but Croftes describes the difficulties faced by the English fleet, their sufferings from sickness, bad weather, and lack of water. It was only Drake's personal influence, courage and energy that kept them together. This was the voyage on which they brought into England, it is believed for the first time, tobacco and potatoes.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
In 1594, Sir Walter Raleigh, interested in the Spanish legend of the riches of the city of Manoa (Eldorado) in South America, sent out an expedition to Guiana (modern Venezuela). He sailed to Guiana himself the following year and in 1596, after his return to England, sent out a third expedition under Lawrence Keymis. Raleigh's final expedition to South America in 1617 resulted in armed conflict with the Spanish and this in turn led to his execution in 1618.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
The discoverie of the large, rich, and bewtiful empyre of Guiana, written to refute those who claimed that Raleigh had never been to Guiana, is a storehouse of first-hand impressions and its influence can be traced in the works of Chapman, Shakespeare and Milton. It was an Elizabethan best-seller and the printer Robert Robinson produced no less than three editions of it in the year 1596.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Nicolás Monardes' Joyfull newes out of the new-found worlde is a translation by John Frampton, a merchant who spent most of his life in Spain, of Monardes' Primera y segunda y tercera partes de la historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias occidentales qui sirven en medicinal, published in Seville in 1574.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Nicolas Monardes was one of the most distinguished Spanish physicians of his time. He studied medicine at Alcalá de Henares, where Cardinal Ximenez de Cisneros had founded schools of medicine and botany, and which was famous as a centre of medical research at a period when Spain had a high reputation in Europe as a leader of medical science.


16th century in North American history, Timeline
At the time Monardes wrote his book he had been practising in Seville for forty years; new medicines, still untried in Europe, but by reputation in the Indies, possessing almost magical properties, were constantly being placed before him, with stories of their curative virtue and detailed accounts of their wonderful healing powers, plants and herbs which, according to the title page of the English edition, "bring such present remedie for all diseases, as may seeme altogether incredible: not withstanding by practice found out to be true."


16th century in North American history, Timeline
Monardes was enthusiastic over the medical properties he thought inherent in tobacco and his account rapidly superseded that of Liébault whose work had hitherto been the chief source of information on the subject in Europe. Monardes made tobacco a household remedy throughout Western Europe and his gospel was accepted by the majority of European physicians for more than two centuries. Nowhere does he write of tobacco smoked by white men for pleasure


16th century in Wales
This article is about the particular significance of the century 1501–1600 to Wales and its people.


16th century in literature
This article presents lists of literary events and publications in the 16th century.


16th century in philosophy
This is a list of philosophy-related events in the 16th century (16th-century philosophy).


16th district of Budapest
It consists of these parts: Árpádföld, Cinkota, Mátyásföld, Sashalom, Rákosszentmihály.


16th district of Budapest, Sport
The oldest football and athletics team is Rákosszentmihályi AFC that competes in the Budapest Bajnokság I.


16th district of Budapest, Sport
THSE Sashalom (or THSE Szabadkikötő) currently competes in the 2018-19 Nemzeti Bajnokság III.


16th district of Budapest, Education
The College of International Management and Business Faculty of the Budapest Business School is located in the district.


16th district of Budapest, Education
Cinkota is also the home of the secondary school, Szerb Antal Gimnázium.


16th edition of MIFF
The 16th edition of MIFF (Mumbai International Film Festival) was held from 28 January to 3 February 2020.


16th edition of MIFF
the list included various kind of Documentaries, short fiction and animation films.


16th edition of MIFF, Jury
the Jury panel for MIFF 2020 included names like Shaji N Karun, Robert Cahen, Hama Haruka, Amrit Gangar, Rehina Pareira, Thomas Waugh, A. K. Bir, Utpal Borpujari, Pencho Kunchev, Kireet Khurana etc.


16th edition of MIFF, Selection, Masterclass
16th edition of MIFF screened masterclasses by Micheal Dudok de Wit, Pencho Kunchev, Thomas Waugh, Mazhar Kamran, Ramesh Tekwani, Munjal Shroff, Chetan Sharma, etc.


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, National Competition
Best Short Fiction Film (up to 45mins. ): Bebaak: Dying wind in her hair  (Shazia Iqbal) ; Lacchavva (Jai Shankar) - Special Mention


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, National Competition
Best Documentary film (below 60 minutes) : Atasi (Putul Mahmoodl) ; Son-Rise (Vibha Bakshi) - Special Mention


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, National Competition
Best Documentary Film (above 60 minutes) : Sindhustan (Sapna Bhavnani)


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, International Competition
Best Animation Film : Portrait of Suzanne (Izabela Plucinska); The Fox of the Palmgrove (Divakar SK)


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, International Competition
Best Short Fiction Film (up to 45 mins.) : An Essay of Rain (Nagraj Manjule)


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, International Competition
Best Documentary Film of the Festival (Golden Conch) : Babenco: Tell Me When I Die (Barbara Paz)


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, International Competition
Pramod Pati Special Jury Award (For Most Innovative / Experimental Film) (For Director only) : And What is the Summer Saying (Payal Kapadia), Echo From The Pukpui Skies (Joshy Joseph)


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, International Competition
IDPA Award for Best Student Film : Naked Wall (Anant Dass Sahni)


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, International Competition
Dadasaheb Phalke Chitranagari Award for Best Debut Film of a Director (Govt of Maharashtra) : Grandfather (Umashankar Nair)


16th edition of MIFF, Awards, International Competition
Special Award for Best Short film on Water conservatio & Climate Change (up to 15 mins. ) (For Indian filmmakers only) : The Wetland's Wail (Aravind M)


16th government of Turkey
The 16th government of Turkey (10 September 1947 – 10 June 1948) was a government in the history of Turkey. It is also called the first Saka government.


16th government of Turkey, Background
Recep Peker of the Republican People's Party (CHP), who was the previous prime minister, resigned on 9 September 1947 after a harsh discussions in the parliament. İsmet İnönü, the president, assigned Hasan Saka, a more moderate politician, as the prime minister. Saka's government was, however, similar to that of Peker.


16th government of Turkey, The government
In the list below, the  cabinet members who served only a part of the cabinet's lifespan are shown in the column "Notes".


16th government of Turkey, Aftermath
Saka was criticized as too mild to struggle against the Democrat Party opposition. He resigned on 8 July 1948. However, ten days later, he founded his second government.


16th meridian east
The meridian 16° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


16th meridian east
The 16th meridian east forms a great circle with the 164th meridian west.


16th meridian east, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 16th meridian east passes through:


16th meridian west
The meridian 16° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Greenland, Iceland, the Atlantic Ocean, Africa, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


16th meridian west
The 16th meridian west forms a great circle with the 164th meridian east.


16th meridian west, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 16th meridian west passes through:


16th parallel north
The 16th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 16 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, Central America, the Caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean.


16th parallel north
At this latitude the sun is visible for 13 hours, 5 minutes during the summer solstice and 11 hours, 11 minutes during the winter solstice.


16th parallel north, As a dividing line
After World War II, the parallel divided Vietnam into Chinese military administration in the north and the British in the south (See Timeline of World War II (1945) and War in Vietnam (1945-1946)).


16th parallel north, As a dividing line
In the Chadian–Libyan conflict, from 1984 the parallel, known as the "Red Line", delineated areas controlled by opposing combatants. Previously the Red Line had been the 15th parallel north. (See also Operation Manta.)


16th parallel north, Around the world
Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 16° north passes through:


16th parallel south
The 16th parallel south is a circle of latitude that is 16 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, Africa, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Pacific Ocean and South America.


16th parallel south
A section of the border between Mozambique and Zimbabwe is defined by the parallel.


16th parallel south, Around the world
Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 16° south passes through:


16th ~That's J-POP~
16th ~That's J-POP~ is the 16th studio album by the Japanese girl group Morning Musume '21. It was released in Japan on March 31, 2021.


16th ~That's J-POP~, Background
It is the first album to feature 15th generation members Rio Kitagawa, Homare Okamura and Mei Yamazaki the last album to feature 10th generation member Masaki Satō.


16th ~That's J-POP~, Background
The album was released in two versions: Limited Edition (CD+DVD) and Regular Edition (CD). The Limited Edition includes a Blu-ray recording of a no audience live titled "Morning Musume '21 Mukankyaku Secret Live", and an interview of the members talking about the album.


16th ~That's J-POP~, Track listing
All tracks are written by Tsunku except #13 and #14.


16th-century philosophy
16th-century philosophy is generally regarded as the later part of Renaissance philosophy.


16th-century philosophy
Early 16th-century philosophy is often called the High Renaissance and is considered to succeed the Renaissance philosophy era and precede the Age of Rationalism. Notable philosophers from the time period include Desiderius Erasmus, Thomas More, Niccolò Machiavelli, Samuel von Pufendorf, Nicolaus Copernicus, and Michel de Montaigne.


16th-century philosophy
The 16th century is characterized by a mixture of humanist and scholastic traditions. Notable developments in vocabulary occurred, with the introduction of the words ‘psychology’ (coined by Marko Marulic) and ‘anthropology’ (first used by Magnus Helt). ‘Psychology’ in the 16th century context referred to discussions of the origin of the human soul. ‘Anthropology’ was used in a narrower context than we are used to today, in strict reference to the relationship between both the human soul and human anatomy as they both comprise human nature.


16th-century philosophy
Logic (as represented by the likes of John Mair) began to fall out of favor among most European countries around the early to mid 16th century, and a directional shift occurred towards Aristotelian interpretations. Erasmus' work Antibarbarians was published in 1520, thirty years after he wrote it, defending the study of ancient philosophers and scholars, broadly referred to as 'classical education,' while conveying the belief that the study of philosophy is crucial in order to preserve the Christian faith.


16th-century philosophy
Academic skepticism had a growing influence, represented by people like Omar Talon and Cornelius Agribba von Nettesheim, who wrote On the Vanity and Uncertainty of the Arts and Sciences and the Excellence of God’s Word.


16th-century philosophy
Overall, the writings of Aristotle were one of the most commonly used subjects of great philosophical commentary. One of the most influential aspects of Aristotle informing 16th century thought was that the soul could be viewed as belonging on two axes of sensitive-intellective (emotions and desires) and cognitive-appetitive (the will).


16th-century philosophy
Juan Luis Vives, a humanist considered to be ‘the father of modern psychology,’ was one of a few to attempt to explore an alternative to the Aristotelian psychological model, rejecting metaphysical approaches to understanding the soul and instead placing priority on understanding it through describing its functionality (although fails to successfully arrive at a fully formed alternative). His arguments centered around humanity's intellectual inability to completely understand what a soul is.


16th-century philosophy
The individual, in the 16th century, was understood only (again through an Aristotelian lens) through their political community or homeland, with the task of pursuing moral virtue. Humanity's tendency towards fostering political communities was seen as both a natural and entirely unique characteristic belonging to man.


16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers
The 16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers was a cavalry regiment of the British Army. It was formed by the amalgamation of the 16th The Queen's Lancers and the 5th Royal Irish Lancers in 1922. The reason for the uniquely atypical regimental title (with a higher number preceding a lower) was that the 5th had been re-raised in 1858 almost 60 years after being disbanded, and when re-raised took precedence after the 17th Lancers. After service in the Second World War and the Gulf War, the regiment amalgamated with the 17th/21st Lancers to form the Queen's Royal Lancers in 1993.


16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers, History, Second World War
The regiment was formed at Lucknow in India by the amalgamation of the 16th The Queen's Lancers and the 5th Royal Irish Lancers on 11 April 1922. It moved to the United Kingdom in 1926 but returned to India in 1936 and was based there when the Second World War started. The regiment returned to the United Kingdom in 1940, becoming part of 26th Armoured Brigade in the 6th Armoured Division. As part of this formation, the regiment fought at the Battle of Kasserine Pass in February 1943 and the Siege of Tunis in May 1943, before landing in Naples in January 1944 and taking part in the Battle of Monte Cassino in May 1944.


16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers, History, Post-war
The regiment was posted to Flug Marine Barracks in Schleswig at the end of the war but moved to Lulworth Camp in late 1946. Princess Elizabeth became Colonel-in-Chief of the regiment in 1947, and after her accession to the throne, the regiment was retitled the 16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers, in 1954. The regiment was deployed to Egypt in March 1948 and to Libya in February 1950. It re-roled as an anti-tank regiment with 33rd Armoured Brigade based Athlone Barracks in Sennelager in July 1953 before moving to Waithwith Camp at Catterick Garrison in February 1957. It joined 12th Infantry Brigade and moved to Imphal Barracks in Osnabrück in April 1959.


16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers, History, Post-war
The regiment deployed squadrons to Aden and to Hong Kong in November 1963 and then re-roled as a tank regiment at Aliwal Barracks in Tidworth Camp in December 1964. It joined 11th Infantry Brigade and moved to Lumsden Barracks at Bad Fallingbostel in January 1968. It became resident battalion at Lisanelly Camp in Omagh in November 1971 at the height of the Troubles and then returned to Aliwal Barracks in Tidworth in May 1973. From there it deployed squadrons to Cyprus and to Hong Kong. It returned to West Germany in a recce role and took up residence at Northampton Barracks in Wolfenbüttel in October 1974. From there it deployed units to Northern Ireland again.


16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers, History, Post-war
In November 1980 the regiment moved to Bovington Camp as RAC Centre Regiment and, in January 1983, it moved on to Assaye Barracks at Tidworth  as recce regiment for 1st Infantry Brigade deploying units for peace keeping duties to Beirut in December 1983 and to Cyprus in January 1984 and January 1985. It became recce regiment for 4th Armoured Division based at Harewood Barracks in Herford in November 1986 and deployed to the Persian Gulf in December 1990 for the Gulf War. Its final role was as recce regiment for 19th Infantry Brigade based at Carver Barracks at Debden in July 1991. From there it deployed units to Cyprus.


16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers, History, Post-war
In 1993, as part of the reduction in forces after the end of the Cold War, it amalgamated with the 17th/21st Lancers to form the Queen's Royal Lancers.


16th/5th The Queen's Royal Lancers, Battle honours
For battle honours won by predecessor regiments see 16th The Queen's Lancers and 5th Royal Irish Lancers.


16volt
16volt is an American industrial rock band featuring Eric Powell with other performers added for live shows.


16volt, History
16volt was formed in Portland, Oregon by composer and vocalist Eric Powell. Powell recruited musicians drummer Joel Bornzin, guitarist Jon Fell and Jeff Taylor to record "Motorskills", which debuted on The Cyberflesh Conspiracy various artist compilation by If It Moves... That band released their first full-length studio album Wisdom on May 25, 1993, after signing to Re-Constriction Records. The album received critical attention for its industrial-informed beats and abrasive electronic textures. The band continued to issue album's via Re-Constriction for the next three albums: Skin (1994), LetDownCrush (1996), SuperCoolNothing (1998).


16volt, History
The band is featured in the opening scene of video game Primal, and contributed nine songs to the game's soundtrack.


16volt, History
16volt released its fifth album titled FullBlackHabit in 2007 for Metropolis Records. The band followed that release with two more studio albums for Metropolis, American Porn Songs and Beating Dead Horses, which were released in 2009 and 2011 respectively. 16volt self-released the 2016 album The Negative Space on their label Murder Creek. The EP Dead on Arrivals was self-released for Murder Creek in 2017.


16×9
16×9 (formerly branded as 16:9 and 16:9: The Bigger Picture) is a Canadian investigative newsmagazine television program created by Troy Reeb and Mary Garofalo that aired on Global for eight seasons. The series debuted on November 30, 2008, with Mary Garofalo as host and Senior Consulting Producer until October 2011. Carolyn Jarvis later took over hosting until its cancellation on June 28, 2016.


16×9
The title refers to the aspect ratio of 16:9 high definition television broadcasts which display a wider area, hence, a bigger picture, as opposed to 4:3 standard definition.


16×9
Originally airing as a half-hour series, 16x9 expanded to an hour-long program for the 2011–12 television season.


16×9
Allison Vuchnich was nominated for a 2009 Gemini Award for Best News Information Series. Mary Garofalo earned a Gemini in 2011 for Best Lifestyle/Practical Information Series. On March 8, 2016  the program won for Best News or Information Series at the 4th Canadian Screen Awards.


16×9
16x9 was canceled by Global on June 28, 2016 due to job cuts, network programming changes and low ratings.


16α-Hydroxy-DHEA
16α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone (16α-hydroxy-DHEA or 16α-OH-DHEA) is an endogenous metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Both 16α-OH-DHEA and its 3β-sulfate ester, 16α-OH-DHEA-S, are intermediates in the biosynthesis of estriol from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). 16α-OH-DHEA has estrogenic activity.


16α-Hydroxy-DHEA sulfate
16α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (16α-OH-DHEA-S), also known as 16α-hydroxy-17-oxoandrost-5-en-3β-yl sulfate, is an endogenous, naturally occurring steroid and a metabolic intermediate in the production of estriol from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) during pregnancy. It is the C3β sulfate ester of 16α-hydroxy-DHEA.


16α-Hydroxyandrostenedione
16α-Hydroxyandrostenedione (16α-OH-A4), also known as 16α-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione, is an endogenous and naturally occurring steroid and metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of estriol during pregnancy. It is produced from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which is converted into 16α-hydroxy-DHEA sulfate, then desulfated and aromatized into 16α-hydroxyestrone, and finally converted into estriol by 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.


16α-Hydroxyestrone
16α-Hydroxyestrone (16α-OH-E1), or hydroxyestrone, also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16α-diol-17-one, is an endogenous steroidal estrogen and a major metabolite of estrone, as well as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of estriol. It is a potent estrogen similarly to estrone, and it has been suggested that the ratio of 16α-hydroxyestrone to 2-hydroxyestrone, the latter being much less estrogenic in comparison and even antiestrogenic in the presence of more potent estrogens like estradiol, may be involved in the pathophysiology of breast cancer. Conversely, 16α-hydroxyestrone may help to protect against osteoporosis.


16α-Hydroxyestrone
In terms of relative binding affinity (RBA) for the rat uterine estrogen receptor, 16α-hydroxyestrone showed 2.8% of the affinity of estradiol. For comparison, estrone had 11% of the affinity and estriol had 10% of the affinity of estradiol. In contrast to other estrogens, the binding  of 16α-hydroxyestrone to the estrogen receptor is reported to be covalent and irreversible. 16α-Hydroxyestrone has been reported to have 25% of the vaginal estrogenic potency of estradiol. The maximal uterotrophic and antigonadotropic effect of 16α-hydroxyestrone was equivalent to those of estradiol and estriol, indicating that 16α-hydroxyestrone is a fully effective estrogen. However, 16α-hydroxyestrone was much less potent than estradiol or estrone.


16α-Hydroxyestrone
The C3 and C16α diacetate ester of 16α-hydroxyestrone, hydroxyestrone diacetate (brand names Colpoginon, Colpormon, Hormobion, and Hormocervix), has been marketed and used medically as an estrogen in Europe.


16α-Hydroxyprogesterone
16α-Hydroxyprogesterone (16α-OHP), also known as 16α-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, is a minor endogenous progestogen steroid hormone and a metabolite of progesterone that is formed in lower amounts than 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP). It occurs in micromolar concentrations and its physiological relevance hence is questionable. However, it may accumulate in target tissues and could have a physiological role in the reproductive system and mammary gland development as well as the cardiovascular and central nervous systems.


16α-Hydroxyprogesterone
16α-OHP is formed from progesterone via 16α-hydroxylation primarily by CYP17A1 and primarily in steroidogenic tissues including the adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries. It is also synthesized from progesterone during pregnancy by hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes like CYP3A4 and CYP1A1 in the fetal liver as well as placenta. It appears to be an end metabolite of progesterone and does not seem to be further metabolized.


16α-Hydroxyprogesterone
16α-OHP has approximately 67% and 43% of the affinity of progesterone for the PR-A and PR-B, respectively, and acts as an agonist of these receptors similarly to progesterone. It was found to produce natriuresis similar to that produced by spironolactone when administered to humans, suggesting that it also has antimineralocorticoid activity similarly to progesterone. However, surprisingly, 16α-OHP showed low affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) of greater than 1 μM (compared to 1 nM for progesterone) and showed no antagonism of the MR at up to a concentration of 1 μM (whereas progesterone shows potent such activity). However, the findings of another study suggested that 16α-OHP antagonizes the effects of aldosterone via the MR, and it may still be possible that 16α-OHP has significant antimineralocorticoid activity in some cells in spite of its weak MR affinity.


16α-Iodo-E2
16α-Iodo-E2, or 16α-iodoestradiol, is a synthetic, steroidal, potent estrogen with slight preference for the ERα over the ERβ that is used in scientific research. The KD of 16α-iodo-E2 for the ERα is 0.6 nM and for the ERβ is 0.24 nM, a 4-fold difference in affinity, whereas estradiol is considered to have similar affinity for the two receptor subtypes. Unlike the case of the much weaker estriol (16α-hydroxyestradiol), 16α-iodo-E2 is considered to be equipotent with estradiol in terms of estrogenic activity. Radiolabeled [16α-125I]iodo-E2 has been employed in imaging to study the estrogen receptor.


16α-LE2
16α-LE2, or 16α-lactone-estradiol, also known as 3,17β-dihydroxy-19-nor-17α-pregna-1,3,5-(10)-triene-21,16α-lactone, is a synthetic, steroidal estrogen featuring an estradiol core. It is a highly potent and selective agonist of the ERα that is used in scientific research to study the function of the ERα. It has 265-fold higher potency in transactivation assays of the ERα relative to the ERβ and 70-fold preference in binding affinity for the ERα over the ERβ.


16α-LE2
In rodents, 16α-LE2 has no effect on ovarian follicle development, whereas the highly ERβ-selective agonist 8β-VE2 stimulates follicular growth and to a comparable extent as estradiol, indicating that the ERβ and not the ERα is involved in the effects of estrogen on ovarian follicles. In contrast, 16α-LE2 stimulates uterine weight, whereas 8β-VE2 has no effect, indicating that the ERα and not the ERβ is involved in the effects of estrogen on the uterus. Research has determined through experimental rodent studies with estradiol, 16α-LE2, and 8β-VE2 that the positive, protective effects of estrogens on bone formation resorption and bone mineral density are mediated via the ERα, whereas the ERβ does not appear to be involved.


16α-Methyl-11-oxoprednisolone
16α-Methyl-11-oxoprednisolone, also known as dexamethasone impurity J, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid which was reported in 1979 and was never marketed.


16β,17α-Epiestriol
16β,17α-Epiestriol, or 16,17-epiestriol, also known as 16β-hydroxy-17α-estradiol, as well as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16β,17α-triol, is a minor and weak endogenous steroidal estrogen that is related to 17α-estradiol and estriol. Along with estriol, 16β,17α-epiestriol has been detected in the urine of women during the late pregnancy stage. It shows preferential affinity for the ERβ over the ERα.


16β-Hydroxyestrone
16β-Hydroxyestrone (16β-OH-E1) is an endogenous estrogen which serves as a metabolite of estrone as well as a metabolic intermediate in the transformation of estrone into epiestriol (16β-hydroxyestradiol). 16β-Hydroxyestrone has similar estrogenic activity to that of 16α-hydroxyestrone. It is less potent than estradiol or estrone but can produce similar maximal uterotrophy at sufficiently high doses, suggesting a fully estrogenic profile.


16–25 Railcard
The 16–25 Railcard is an annual card giving discounts on certain types of railway ticket in Britain. It is available to anybody aged between 16 and 25 (inclusive), and certain mature students aged 26 and above, and is currently priced at £30.00 (as of 19 May 2013). There is no restriction on the number of times the Railcard can be used to purchase discounted tickets during the period of its validity, and there are no geographical restrictions on its use.


16–25 Railcard
Introduced in 1974 on an experimental basis, under the name Student Card, and expanded into the Student Railcard later that year, it was the first of the many Railcards which formed part of British Rail's array of concessionary fare schemes, and which still exist on the post-privatisation railway network. Later, it was rebranded as the Young Persons Railcard and, from 18 May 2008, the 16–25 Railcard.


16–25 Railcard, History
In the 1960s and 1970s, many new universities were opened in Britain, while car ownership was relatively low, especially among young people. Furthermore, internal flights were not as cheap or prevalent as they are now. Most students either hitched or took a long-distance coach. The National Union of Students had a very large travel company at the time with charter flights all over the world. They wanted to expand their operations domestically and so went to various regional sales managers of British Railways to develop special fares for holders of NUS cards.


16–25 Railcard, History
These were usually an allocated number of seats on specified weekend trains but they were very successful and Paul Connellan, who was the Travel Company General Manager, went to the British Railways Board with a proposal to allow a general discount based on the NUS card. The railways management, led by Alan Chamberlain, were reluctant to offer a discount based just on such cards particularly as some colleges and universities were not members of the NUS. A compromise was agreed where a special card would be sold but only through student travel offices.


16–25 Railcard, History
The first Student Card, as it was known, was launched. It exhibited some features which have remained consistent throughout the Railcard scheme's history, but also several which were later changed. It could only be purchased from National Union of Students (NUS) offices. Costing £1.65, which included a VAT charge of 8%, it was valid until a specific date—30 June 1974—rather than for a specific length of time. Only second class tickets could be bought, and all types of ticket were subject to a minimum fare below which no further discount would be given. The maximum discount was 50%. A booklet containing ten "Student Travel Request Forms" was supplied with the card; one had to be filled in and presented at the ticket office when booking a ticket.


16–25 Railcard, History
This original scheme, which was intended as a trial, was changed and relaunched in October 1974 under the new name Student Railcard. Two of the inconvenient conditions of the trial version removed: Railcards could be bought at railway station ticket offices, and Travel Request Forms were no longer required: the passenger just had to show the Railcard when buying their ticket.


16–25 Railcard, History
During the 1970s, the range of people who could buy the Railcard was expanded in stages; having at first been restricted to students in full-time education, it was made available to nurses, part-time students and, ultimately (in 1980) anybody between 14 and 24 years old inclusive. Since then, the age range boundaries have been altered twice. In September 1987, the lower boundary became 16 years old, as British Rail changed their age limit for child tickets from 14 to 16, while the upper age limit became 23. However, registered mature students older than this could now buy a Railcard. Then, on 29 May 1994, the upper age limit was increased to 25.


16–25 Railcard, History
The use of the same expiry date for all cards issued in a given year persisted until 1982, although the fixed date was changed from 30 June to 30 September when the first version of the Student Railcard was launched in October 1974 (the original "Student Card" was the only version ever to use a 30 June expiry date). After 30 September 1982, Railcards were issued for a fixed period of 12 months from the date of issue. At the same time, the name Young Persons Railcard was adopted.


16–25 Railcard, History
The next major changes came in 1987, with the discount structure, types of discounted tickets available and appearance of the Railcard all changing. With the introduction of the APTIS ticket issuing system happening at this time, a new set of ticket stock (with the British Rail form number BR 4599/20)  was introduced. These were smaller than the erstwhile handwritten square-cornered card tickets, and had no room for a photograph to be attached; a separate Photocard, with a unique serial number was introduced instead. This was issued together with the Railcard, and had to be shown when buying subsequent Railcards and when travelling on discounted tickets.


16–25 Railcard, History
Changes after this mostly involved the design of the APTIS ticket stock, the price of the Railcard and the minimum fare boundaries. However, two changes were also made to the method of buying the Railcard. From 9 January 2000, Telesales offices operated by the train operating companies were able to sell Railcards, although if a Photocard was not already held, one had to be issued at a station or travel agency within one month (a temporary pass, entitled Temporary Facility – Permit to Travel without Photocard was issued in lieu by the Telesales office). In August 2006,  of Railcards was made available, although the card can still be bought through train stations and over the phone. Booking online includes the option of a three-year railcard for £70.


16–25 Railcard, History
From 18 May 2008 the card was rebranded as the 16–25 Railcard in order to make it easier to understand who is eligible for the card.


16–25 Railcard, History
The 16–25 digital Railcard was announced in September 2015 and was available for purchase in 2017. Existing customers were unable to upgrade their physical railcard to a digital version, instead having to wait for their physical railcard to expire. The railcard was designed to reduce the number of people incurring fines for forgetting their railcard and remove the wait for obtaining a physical railcard in the post or at a station. A phone can display the railcard without an active internet connection, as long as the device had connected to the internet in the past 72 hours.


16–25 Railcard, Ticket types and discounts
The first version of the Railcard, the "Student Card" of 1974, gave 50% discounts on Second Class Single and Ordinary Return fares, as they were then known. (Ordinary Returns were valid for travel at all times, and the return journey could take place on a later date. They later became "Standard Returns", and are now known as "Anytime Returns".) The higher-rate minimum fare (see Price and minimum fare below) applied to Ordinary Returns, while the lower-rate fare was used as the baseline for other fares.


16–25 Railcard, Ticket types and discounts
A 50% discount on Day Returns (valid at all times, for return on the same day) and Off Peak Day Returns (valid outside peak hours, again for return on the same day) was available from 30 September 1978. Other fares added later included the London Saver (1981; this type of ticket is no longer available) and Saver (12 May 1985; the discount on these was 34%). The main change, however, came on 1 March 1987, when the set of discounts was changed as follows:


16–25 Railcard, Ticket types and discounts
The One Day Capitalcard became the One Day Travelcard in 1989, and as from April 1993 only all-zone tickets (Zones 1–6) could be purchased at a discount, again subject to a minimum fare restriction. As of 2010, this is £5.00.


16–25 Railcard, Ticket types and discounts
Although other minor changes have been made since, mainly to the names of ticket types, this range of discounts is very similar to that which applies as of 2007:


16–25 Railcard, Ticket types and discounts
As of 2 January 2008, for people using public transport in London, the discount can be loaded on to an Oyster Card at any London Underground ticket machine (with help from a member of staff), providing the 34% discount off the cost of a One Day Travelcard and the Oyster automatic daily cap. From 2010 discounted paper tickets have been suspended in the Transport for London zoned area. An Oyster card loaded with the railcard can be used to obtain 34% reduction on Off Peak single National Rail fares in the area or the Off Peak Cap rate. From January 2011, this discount also applies to off-peak single fares on the Tube, DLR and London Overground.


16–25 Railcard, Ticket types and discounts
Avanti West Coast waives peak time restrictions on certain services where a railcard has been used to discount the ticket.


16–25 Railcard, Price and minimum fare
The Railcard has undergone regular price increases since its introduction, and as of 19 May 2013 has cost £30.00. A VAT charge was included until 1976. Railcards for mature students have always cost the same as those for people within the standard age range.


16–25 Railcard, Price and minimum fare
From the beginning, discounted tickets bought with the Railcard were subject to a "minimum fare", although its level and the circumstances in which it was applied have varied considerably over time. For the first 4½ years, until 15 September 1978, minimum fares applied at all times; if the price of the ticket including the full discount was lower than the relevant minimum fare level, the latter would be charged and the full discount would not be given.


16–25 Railcard, Price and minimum fare
For example, if the date was June 1974, the journey in question was a "Higher rate" Ordinary Return and its published full fare was £1.30, the passenger would be charged the £1.00 minimum fare, because the discounted fare would be lower than this (50% discount = £1.30 ÷ 2 = £0.65). If the £1.30 fare was on a "Lower Rate" ticket, however, the full discount would be applied, as the minimum fare for lower-rate tickets (£0.50) was less than the discounted fare (£0.65).


16–25 Railcard, Price and minimum fare
From 15 September 1978, minimum fares no longer applied at weekends, on bank holidays or at any time during July and August; at these times, the full 50% discount was applied to all available ticket types, no matter how low the resulting discounted fare became. On 1 September 1980, minimum fares no longer applied after 6.00pm on weekdays; and in 1986, this was changed to 10.00am. The latter condition remains in force today, meaning that the full discount is available at all times except in the morning peak (before 10.00am). Weekends, bank holidays, July and August are still unrestricted.


16–25 Railcard, Price and minimum fare
From 17 May 2009, minimum fares were standardised at £12 for both single and return journeys before 10.00am. Cards were also entitled to discount on First Class advance fares and Anytime Day Travelcards.


16–25 Railcard, Price and minimum fare
The three-year online only railcard was introduced in 2008, and cost £65. The price was raised to £70 on 19 May 2013.


16–25 Railcard, Tickets issued with a Railcard
On the APTIS, PORTIS/SPORTIS and other computerised ticket issuing systems, a "status code" field is provided on each ticket issued. This is left blank if an adult is travelling at full (undiscounted) fare; but if any discount or other special condition applies, a code of up to five letters appears.


16–25 Railcard, Tickets issued with a Railcard
The change of name from "Student Railcard" to "Young Persons Railcard" preceded the introduction of these systems by four years, so the status code used has always taken the form Y-P. However, in the earliest days of APTIS and PORTIS, this code was rendered Y - P, with spaces between the letters and the dash. Since 1988, Y-P has always been used — both on the now defunct APTIS and SPORTIS (the successor to PORTIS) and on the various New Generation systems introduced since privatisation. In late 2014, the status code 16-25 started to be used, 26 years after its introduction.


16–25 Railcard, Railcards as an incentive to open a bank account
In recent years, as a marketing initiative, British banks HSBC, NatWest and Santander have offered free multi-year Railcards to students opening new bank accounts. HSBC held the exclusive contract from 1997 to 2004, between 2004 and 2013 it was held by NatWest, and Santander won the contract in 2013.


16–25 Railcard, Railcards as an incentive to open a bank account
Midland Bank, a part of HSBC since 1992, introduced a free four-year Railcard on 7 July 1997. It was available to any first-year undergraduate who opened a new account with the bank. The card had a red colour scheme, bore the holder's photograph and a handwritten expiry date, and was made of thin plastic rather than card. Minor layout changes were made when Midland Bank was rebranded as HSBC in 1999. A generic seven-digit serial number was shown on the front.


16–25 Railcard, Railcards as an incentive to open a bank account
NatWest signed a deal on 7 June 2004 for the exclusive right to offer Railcards as parts of its own incentive package. A five-year version was offered (which was effectively worth £100, given that a one-year Railcard bought in the normal way cost £20.00) as from 21 June 2004. For a short period, until 1 September 2004, both NatWest five-year and HSBC four-year Railcards were available; but from that date, NatWest gained the exclusive rights and the HSBC version ceased to be available. NatWest ceased to offer the railcard to new accounts in 2011, however existing account holders continued to be reissued with renewed cards until 2013.


16–25 Railcard, Railcards as an incentive to open a bank account
Santander has issued railcards to new student current account holders since summer 2013


16–25 Railcard, Railcards as an incentive to open a bank account
The overall appearance and layout of the NatWest Railcard was similar to that of the HSBC version. A six-digit serial number prefixed by NWB was used, however; and the card has a standard form number in the "4599" series (RSP 4599/294), whereas the Midland Bank (RSP 24881/5) and HSBC (RSP 24881/7) versions were allocated non-standard codes.


16–25 Railcard, Railcards as an incentive to open a bank account
The bank Railcards are used in the same way as standard, paid-for Railcards: the same range of tickets is available at the same discounts, and subject to the same terms and conditions.


16–25 Railcard, 26–30 Railcards
The 26–30 Railcard went on sale nationwide on 2 January 2019 and provides customers 1/3 off leisure journeys, by train, across Britain. It broke sales records when it was launched, with two Railcards being sold per second.


16–25 Railcard, 26–30 Railcards
In its first month, 125k people were able to save over £3.4m on their rail journeys, with the 26–30 Railcard being used for an average of 13,777 journeys per day. This amounted to customers covering 29,717,793 miles with their 26–30 Railcard, the equivalent of travelling 62 times to the moon and back. By the end of the second month after the launch, customers had saved over £10.5m on their rail journeys.


16–25 Railcard, 26–30 Railcards
Whilst the majority of 26–30 Railcard holders live in the London area and South East of England, some of the most popular locations travelled to include: London – Manchester, London – Cambridge, London – Birmingham, Milton Keynes – London and London – Bristol.


16–25 Railcard, 26–30 Railcards
The 26–30 Railcard is the first digital-only Railcard and is available to buy online. Once bought it can be downloaded to the Railcard app on a smartphone, so customers can start travelling and saving with it straight away. If their phone gets lost, or the battery dies, then customers can swap their Railcard onto another smartphone device.


17 & 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham
17 & 19 Newhall Street is a red brick and architectural terracotta Grade I listed building, situated on the corner of Newhall Street and Edmund Street in the city centre of Birmingham, England. Although its official name is 17 & 19 Newhall Street, it is popularly known as The Exchange, and was previously known as the Bell Edison Telephone Building.


17 & 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham, History
Opened in 1887, the building was designed by Frederick Martin of the firm Martin & Chamberlain. It was constructed to house the new Central Telephone Exchange and offices for the National Telephone Company (NTC). Birmingham's central exchange had 5,000 subscribers and was the largest of its type in the country.


17 & 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham, History
Originally having the postal address of 19 Newhall Street, it was known as "Telephone Buildings" within the NTC organisation but it was also popularly known as the "Bell Edison Telephone Building" – the NTC logo behind the wrought iron gates to the main entrance bears the names of Bell and Edison. The ground floor of the building was let out to shops.


17 & 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham, History
In 1912, the NTC was taken over by the Postmaster General and ownership of the building transferred to the GPO. Whereas Telephone House accommodated the telex automatic exchange, 19 Newhall Street held a TAS exchange which was used by the GPO to route telegrams around the UK. It also housed the Birmingham office of the Post Office Engineering Union (located on the basement floor in Edmund Street).


17 & 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham, History
During World War I, the building was used as the Midland headquarters of the air raid warning system.


17 & 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham, History
In 1936, the Central Telephone Exchange vacated the building and relocated to new premises (Telephone House) further down Newhall Street.


17 & 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham, Modern era
17 & 19 Newhall Street is now occupied by Core Marketing (a marketing and PR company), Mitchell Adam (an accountancy recruitment firm) and GBR Phoenix Beard (a firm of property consultants). The basement is occupied by a bar called Bushwackers, which has its entrance on Edmund Street.


17 & 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham, Modern era
The building's full postal address is: The Exchange, 19 Newhall Street, Birmingham B3 3PJ. However, it occupies 17 & 19 Newhall Street as well as 103 Edmund Street.


17 (EP)
17 is the debut extended play (EP) by American R&B singer-songwriter Zhavia Ward. It was released on June 14, 2019, by record labels Columbia Records and Sony Music. 17 follows Ward's appearance on Fox reality television series The Four: Battle for Stardom, where she placed as one of the four finalists. In May 2019, Ward was featured on the soundtrack album Aladdin (2019), performing a version of the song "A Whole New World" with English musician Zayn.


17 (MK song)
"17" is a song by MK featuring uncredited vocals by Carla Monroe, released as a single on September 1, 2017. It peaked at number seven in the UK, making it MK's highest charting single there. The song has been included on various music compilations such as The Annual 2018 and Now 98


17 (MK song), Music video
An official lyric video was uploaded on YouTube to MK's Vevo channel on September 1, 2017. The official music video was released to the same place two months later on November 6, 2017. As of January 1, 2020, the video has over 3,300,000 views. This video was also uploaded on Ultra Music's YouTube channel, and as of the same date, has more than 2,200,000 views.


17 (Madame song)
"17" is a song by Italian rapper Madame. It was released on 17 June 2019 by Sugar Music, and produced by Eiemgei and Mago Del Blocco.


17 (Madame song)
In December 2020, the song was certified gold by the Federation of the Italian Music Industry, denoting 35,000 equivalent units in Italy. By 30 September 2021, the music video on YouTube has gathered more than 9 million views.


17 (Madame song), Music video
The music video for "17", directed by Dalilù, premiered on 26 June 2019 via Madame's YouTube channel.


17 (Motel album)
17 is the second studio album by Mexican Latin rock band Motel.


17 (Parachute) Field Regiment (India)
17 (Parachute) Field Regiment (Zojila & Poongli Bridge) is part of the Regiment of Artillery of the Indian Army.


17 (Parachute) Field Regiment (India), Formation
17 Parachute Field Regiment was raised as the 8th Battalion, the 7th Rajput Regiment on 1 February 1941 at Fatehgarh by Major DW Dawson.


17 (Parachute) Field Regiment (India), History
The Regiment moved to Calcutta on 7 January 1942. On 1 February 1942, the battalion was converted and redesignated as 7 Rajput Heavy Anti- Aircraft Regiment.


17 (Parachute) Field Regiment (India), History
On 19 December 1945, the Regiment was converted to a Field Artillery Regiment and was redesignated as 17 (Independent) Field Regiment RIA. On 3 November 1946, it was converted to a Parachute Field Regiment and was designated as 17 Parachute Field Regiment RIA with Lieutenant Colonel DHN Baker Carr as its Commanding Officer. The Regiment became part of the 2nd Indian Airborne Division (previously 44th Indian Airborne Division) at Karachi. After partition, the Regiment moved to Khadakwasla, Poona. Lieutenant Colonel JK Khanna, MC became the first Indian Commanding Officer on 22 October 1947.


17 (Parachute) Field Regiment (India), History
The regiment consists of the 49, 51 and 52 Field Batteries


17 (Ricky Martin album)
17 is a greatest hits album by Puerto Rican singer Ricky Martin, released on CD and DVD by Sony BMG Norte in the United States and Latin America on November 18, 2008. The CD includes seventeen songs from seventeen years of Martin's music career. It contains thirteen Spanish-language hits, two English-language songs and two Spanglish tracks. 17 doesn't include any new material, however, some songs are featured in remixed versions. The DVD track listing varies from the CD and contains a few other hits.


17 (Ricky Martin album), Critical reception
The AllMusic review by Stephen Thomas Erlewine awarded the album 4 stars stating "Given its approach, it should be no surprise that this is heavy on Latin material, to the extent that even his huge crossover hit, "Livin' la Vida Loca," is here in Spanish rather than English. Therefore, this isn't a compilation for the curious fellow pop travelers who only want to hear turn-of-the-millennium monsters like "She Bangs," a hit single that's not even here. Instead, this is a sampler, giving a taste of what Martin has done over the years, and in that regard it's successful, even if it's not definitive".


17 (Ricky Martin album), Commercial performance
17 peaked inside top ten in Argentina and Mexico, and reached number sixteen in Spain, number nineteen in Greece, and number twenty-one on the Top Latin Albums in the United States.


17 (Tokio album)
17 is the twelfth studio album by Japanese band Tokio. It was released on August 22, 2012. The album peaked at fifth place on the Oricon weekly charts, and remained in the charts for five weeks.


17 (Tokio album)
It was the band's final studio album feature bassist Tatsuya Yamaguchi.


17 (XXXTentacion album)
17 is the debut studio album by American rapper XXXTentacion. It was released on August 25, 2017, by Bad Vibes Forever and Empire Distribution. With a total length of 22 minutes, the album is barely an LP, and does not feature a song longer than three minutes, which is considered unconventional for a studio album. The album was supported by the lead single "Revenge", and is XXXTentacion's second commercial record, following the compilation mixtape of the same name (2017). 17 includes a sole appearance from Trippie Redd and heavy sampling of  Shiloh Dynasty, and production was handled by XXXTentacion, among others.


17 (XXXTentacion album)
The album is built on acoustic and piano-driven songs, rather than the "turn-up" style and distortion bass sounds that was popular in XXXTentacion's native Florida scene. It experiments with a variety of genres, such as emo, lo-fi, indie rock, alternative R&B and grunge, while the lyrics are based around themes such as suicide, failed relationships, and infidelity. XXXTentacion stated that the album's target audience is people who suffer with depression, and that the album is also an "entry" into his mind.


17 (XXXTentacion album)
The album produced the singles "Jocelyn Flores", and "Fuck Love". "Jocelyn Flores", "Revenge", "Everybody Dies in Their Nightmares", "Depression & Obsession", "Save Me" and "Carry On" all debuted on the Billboard Hot 100. "Jocelyn Flores", "Everybody Dies in Their Nightmares" and "Fuck Love" also debuted in the top 100 of the UK Singles Chart.


17 (XXXTentacion album)
Although 17 was marketed with no radio play or much press coverage, it was a commercial success. It debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200, with 87,000 album-equivalent units, and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It also charted highly in numerous European countries, including top five positions in Denmark, the Netherlands, Finland, Italy, Sweden, and a number one position in Norway. The album has also been certified platinum in Canada, Denmark and New Zealand. XXXTentacion posthumously won Favourite Soul/R&B Album for 17 at the 2018 American Music Awards.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Background
While XXXTentacion was in jail for aggravated battery charges on his allegedly pregnant ex-girlfriend, he signed an exclusive distribution deal with Empire Distribution. Empire Distribution made an official announcement on March 2, 2017, while he was still in jail that his debut album Bad Vibes would be released in spring 2017. Talking to XXL while in prison, XXXTentacion announced 17, I Need Jesus and Members Only, Vol. 3 saying:


17 (XXXTentacion album), Background
I got this really really, really good album called 17. That's more of an alternative, R&B sound. Then I've got this mixtape called I Need Jesus, which is mainly rap and the underground sound I did. So I'm trying to give my fans and anybody that comes in and listens to me everything with the mixtape and album. And then I want to come out with Members Only Vol. 3. People are gonna be really surprised about the shit I drop.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Background
XXXTentacion later reaffirmed the announcement of 17, Revenge, Members Only Vol. 3 and I Need Jesus during an interview with WMIB following his release from prison in March 2017. He later used the app Periscope to talk to his followers and announce the three albums once again. He later said that 17 would be released after he finished working on Members Only Vol. 3 with his collective, "Members Only". Members Only Vol. 3 was released on June 26, 2017. He began to preview short snippets on his Instagram page that were later taken down, one of the snippets had the caption "Working on a the  [sic] album, what do you think? ".


17 (XXXTentacion album), Background
17 was released on August 25, 2017. With a total length of 22 minutes, the album was barely an LP. 17 is eleven tracks long with not a single track being longer than three minutes long, which is unconventional for a studio album.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Themes and composition
XXXTentacion stated that the album's target audience is people who suffer with depression, and that the album is a 'gateway' into his mind. The lyrics for 17 are based around suicide, failed relationships, and infidelity. It also focuses on events in XXXTentacion's life and involves a lot of internal dialogue. Speaking on the sound of 17, XXXTentacion explained that the album was different from his previous works, saying "If you listen to me to get hype or to not think, don't buy this album, this one is for the depression, for the depressed ones, for the lost ones."


17 (XXXTentacion album), Themes and composition
Speaking to XXL, XXXTentacion said the album would consist of "an alternative R&B sound". The album takes a different style from XXXTentacion's traditional music which is often considered rap rock and trap music. The album adapts different genres of music, including emo and indie rock to create an unconventional style that fits within the genre of alternative R&B. The album itself is produced mainly by XXXTentacion, Natra Average and Potsu, a producer who generally creates lo-fi instrumental hip hop on SoundCloud.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Themes and composition
Andrew Matson of Mass Appeal highlighted that XXXTentacion "is at the forefront of the current rock & roll twist on hip-hop...and constructs an emo record that calls on some of his past work (the guitar stuff) but completely leaves behind his popular turn-up style and distortion bass" that was popular in the Florida scene. Matson further described the songs on 17 as mostly acoustic guitars and piano-driven. Jon Powell of Respect. called the album an "emotional rollercoaster contained of different genres, all kept together by XXX’s ever-changing lyricism and Aaron Lewis-esque harmonics", and that it "has you in absolute awe of [XXXtentacion's] talent, even in the midst of his alleged past transgressions."


17 (XXXTentacion album), Promotion
Snippets were released showing him in a collaboration with Kodak Black, Lil JJ, and Juicy J. He later announced via his Snapchat story that the release date for 17 was August 25, 2017. In the same story, he claimed that the album would be different from his previous works and more for people with depression.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Promotion
XXXTentacion previewed snippets on August 6, 2017, via his Snapchat story. The snippets shown was his iTunes library page with the album being played showcasing a tracklist of 8 songs. He kept his thumb on the feature that showcases the song count on the computer monitor and didn't announce the tracklist as official. The songs showcased in the snippets included "Jocelyn Flores", "Save Me", "Fuck Love" featuring Trippie Redd, "Orlando" and "Ayala (Outro)". XXL's Vernon Coleman called the snippets "very somber". On August 22, 2017, X revealed the official tracklist alongside the final cover for the album. The day before the album's release, the song "Fuck Love" featuring Trippie Redd was uploaded to SoundCloud.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Promotion, Singles
The lead single, "Revenge", was released on May 18, 2017, for streaming and digital download, originally titled as "Garrette's Revenge".


17 (XXXTentacion album), Promotion, Singles
The second single, "Jocelyn Flores", was sent to rhythmic radio on October 31, 2017.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Promotion, Singles
The third single, "Fuck Love", featuring Trippie Redd, was sent to rhythmic radio on January 23, 2018.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Promotion, Instagram controversy
On August 23, 2017, Onfroy posted a short 3.5-second clip of what appeared to be him hanging himself from a tree to his Instagram account. The video circulated much controversy and criticism, and led to rumors that Onfroy had indeed committed suicide. However, many were quick to point out that the video was fake and was a publicity stunt to draw more attention to his upcoming album. This was heavily criticized by the press, with many calling the act an insensitive ploy to draw attention by projecting a message of suicide to a young fanbase.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Promotion, Instagram controversy
Later in the day, Onfroy posted another clip to his Instagram, showing more clips of the hanging, but this time elaborating that the clips were a teaser for an upcoming music video. He later offered an explanation of the situation fully and publicly apologized on his Instagram.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Critical reception
Meaghan Garvey of Pitchfork stated that 17 "presents XXXTentacion as impressively adept at reconciling his influences into a sound that is shockingly elegant, even at its most unpolished—an album whose disparate influences dissolve in an acid bath of raw feeling." Andrew Matson from Mass Appeal described the album as "musically excellent, morally problematic". Pigeons and Planes' Eric Skelton called the album's composition "progressive" and "genre-defiant." Mitch Findlay of HotNewHipHop called it "different from your average hip hop album", highlighting its lo-fi aesthetic, experimentation with guitar arrangements and vocals. Uproxx complimented the experimentation with different genres and the album's lyrics and narrative on 17, but criticized the album's short length and its inability to depict fully what it was trying to convey.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Critical reception
Notable figures in the hip hop music industry also gave recognition to the album, including American rapper Kendrick Lamar, who wrote on Twitter, "listen to [17] if you feel anything. raw thoughts." XXXTentacion posthumously won Favourite Soul/R&B Album for 17 at the 2018 American Music Awards, and the album received a Top R&B Album nomination at the 2018 Billboard Music Awards.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Commercial performance
17 was released on August 25, 2017, on iTunes, Spotify and Apple Music for streaming. Following the release, the album was promoted on social media by numerous other artists including Kendrick Lamar, Tory Lanez, 9th Wonder, and Lil Yachty. The sales projections for the album, managed by the magazine Hits estimated that 17 would collect over 80 million streams and would sell 74–79,000 album-equivalent units in the US, including 16–18,000 pure sales.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Commercial performance
In the United States, 17 debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 with 87,000 album-equivalent units, of which 18,000 were pure sales. 17 dropped down to No. 3 on the Billboard 200 for its second week of release with 51,275 total album equivalent units sold. In its third week, 17 fell to No. 6 with 40,100 album-equivalent units sold. 17 had sold 313,000 album-equivalent units by October 12, 2017, dropping to No. 12 in the same week.


17 (XXXTentacion album), Commercial performance
Seven songs—"Jocelyn Flores", "Revenge", "Fuck Love", "Everybody Dies in Their Nightmares", "Depression & Obsession", "Save Me" and "Carry On"—debuted in the Billboard Hot 100 at numbers 31, 77, 41, 54, 91, 94 and 95 respectively, with "Jocelyn Flores" becoming XXXTentacion's highest charting song since "Look at Me", which peaked at 31 on September 16, 2017. Following XXXTentacion's death, 17 re-entered the Billboard 200 at number seven, earning 55,000 album-equivalent units. It has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).


17 (XXXTentacion album), Commercial performance
17 debuted at number one in Norway (where it remained for three weeks) and in the top twenty in numerous album charts, including the UK Albums Chart, where it entered at number 12, selling 4,520 album-equivalent units. The album also charted in Belgium, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Italy, and Sweden. Three songs—"Jocelyn Flores", "Everybody Dies in Their Nightmares" and "Fuck Love"—debuted in the top 100 of the UK Singles Chart, at numbers 56, 88 and 99, respectively. "Jocelyn Flores" peaked at 39 on the UK Singles Chart. The album has been certified platinum in Canada, Denmark and New Zealand. Rolling Stone reported that 17 "hit the charts with no record label besides his own imprint, no radio play and a near-total press blackout."


17 (XXXTentacion album), Commercial performance
Exactly two years after his passing, 17 as well as his sophomore album "?" both re-entered the Top 100 on Apple Music.


17 (number)
17 (seventeen) is the natural number following 16 and preceding 18. It is a prime number.


17 (number)
Seventeen is the sum of the first four prime numbers.


17 (number), In mathematics
Seventeen is the seventh prime number. The next prime is nineteen, with which it forms a twin prime.


17 (number), In mathematics
Seventeen is the third Fermat prime, as it is of the form 22n + 1, specifically with n = 2. Since 17 is a Fermat prime, regular heptadecagons can be constructed with a compass and unmarked ruler. This was proven by Carl Friedrich Gaussand ultimately led him to choose mathematics over philology for his studies.


17 (number), In mathematics
There are exactly 17 two-dimensional space (plane symmetry) groups. These are sometimes called wallpaper groups, as they represent the seventeen possible symmetry types that can be used for wallpaper.


17 (number), In mathematics
Like 41, the number 17 is a prime that yields primes in the polynomial n2 + n + p, for all positive n < p − 1.


17 (number), In mathematics
Either 16 or 18 unit squares can be formed into rectangles with perimeter equal to the area; and there are no other natural numbers with this property. The Platonists regarded this as a sign of their peculiar propriety; and Plutarch notes it when writing that the Pythagoreans "utterly abominate" 17, which "bars them off from each other and disjoins them".


17 (number), In mathematics
Seventeen is the minimum possible number of givens for a sudoku puzzle with a unique solution. This was long conjectured, and was proved in 2012–14.


17 (number), In mathematics
There are 17 orthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems (to within a conformal symmetry) in which the three-variable Laplace equation can be solved using the separation of variables technique.


17 (number), In mathematics
Seventeen is the first number that can be written as the sum of a positive cube and a positive square in two different ways; that is, the smallest n such that x3 + y2 = n has two different solutions for x and y positive integers ((1,4) or (2,3)). The next such number is 65.


17 (number), In mathematics
Seventeen is the minimum number of vertices on a graph such that, if the edges are coloured with three different colours, there is bound to be a monochromatic triangle. (See Ramsey's theorem.)


17 (number), In mathematics
Seventeen is the only prime number which is the sum of four consecutive primes (2,3,5,7). Any other four consecutive primes summed would always produce an even number, thereby divisible by 2 and so not prime.


17 (number), In mathematics
The sequence of residues (mod n) of a googol and googolplex, for n = 1, 2, 3, ..., agree up until n = 17.


17 (number), In languages, Grammar
In Catalan, 17 is the first compound number (disset). The numbers 11 (onze) through 16 (setze) have their own names.


17 (number), In languages, Grammar
In French, 17 is the first compound number (dix-sept). The numbers 11 (onze) through 16 (seize) have their own names.


17 (number), In languages, Grammar
In Italian, 17 is also the first compound number (diciassette), whereas sixteen is sedici.


17 Again (film)
17 Again is a 2009 American fantasy comedy film directed by Burr Steers. The film follows 37-year-old Mike (Matthew Perry) who becomes his 17-year-old self (Zac Efron) after a chance accident. The film also stars Leslie Mann, Thomas Lennon, Michelle Trachtenberg, Melora Hardin and Sterling Knight in supporting roles. The film was released in the United States on April 17, 2009. It received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $139 million.


17 Again (film), Plot
In 1989, 17-year-old star athlete Mike O'Donnell's girlfriend Scarlet Porter tells him that she is pregnant, just moments before his likely scholarship-clinching high school championship basketball game. Mike plays the first few seconds of the game, then walks off the court and goes after Scarlet, abandoning his hopes of going to college and achieving a career that could support their future.


17 Again (film), Plot
Nearly twenty years later, 37-year-old Mike finds his life stagnant and boring, abandoning any project he starts. Scarlet, now his wife and mother of their two children, has filed for divorce, forcing him to move in with his geeky, yet extremely wealthy, best friend, Ned Gold. He has quit his job after he is passed over for a promotion he believed he deserves, and his high school-age kids, 17-year-old Maggie and 16-year-old Alex, want nothing to do with him. Later, while driving, an encounter on a bridge with a janitor transforms Mike back into his 17-year-old self.


17 Again (film), Plot
After convincing Ned of his identity, Ned believes that Mike's transformation was caused by a mystical spirit guide who is trying to steer him on a better path. Mike enrolls in high school posing as Mark Gold, Ned's son, and plans to go to college on a basketball scholarship. As he befriends his bullied son and discovers that his daughter has a boyfriend, Stan, who does not respect her and frequently torments Alex, Mike comes to believe that his mission is to help them.


17 Again (film), Plot
Through their kids, Mike spends time with Scarlet, who notes his remarkable resemblance to her husband, but rationalizes it as an odd coincidence. Deciding to also try and fix his relationship with Scarlet, Mike begins to finish (under the pretense of getting "volunteer credit") all of the garden projects he abandoned as an adult. He does his best to separate Stan and Maggie while also encouraging Alex to be more confident so he can make the basketball team and go out with a girl he has a crush on named Nicole.


17 Again (film), Plot
Mike has difficulty resisting his desire for Scarlet despite the relationship's clear inappropriateness. Ned, meanwhile, begins to pursue the school's principal Jane Masterson through increasingly extravagant stunts in order to win her affections, which she adamantly rebukes, though she agrees to a date after he offers to buy laptops for the school.


17 Again (film), Plot
On their date, Jane is completely unimpressed with Ned until he drops the "sophisticated rich-guy" persona and admits he is actually a geek. Jane then reveals her own enthusiasm for geek culture by speaking to him in Elvish, and the two hit it off. Mike throws a party to celebrate a basketball game win at Ned's house while Ned is out with Jane, where he confronts Stan, who had recently dumped Maggie for not sleeping with him. Mike gets knocked out and wakes up to Maggie trying to seduce him.


17 Again (film), Plot
Mike tells his daughter that he is in love with someone else and Maggie leaves, much to Mike's relief. Scarlet arrives at the party worried about her kids attending, but Mike shows her that Alex has finally managed to get together with his crush. The two have an intimate conversation where Mike, caught up in the moment, tries to kiss her. Disgusted, she storms off as Mike tries unsuccessfully to explain his true identity.


17 Again (film), Plot
On the day of the court hearing to finalize Scarlet and Mike's divorce, Mike makes one last attempt to win her back (as Mark) by reading a supposed letter from Mike. He states that although he couldn't set things right in the beginning of his life, it doesn't change the fact that he still loves her. After he exits, Scarlet notices that the "letter" is actually the directions to the courtroom and she begins to grow curious. As a result, she postpones the divorce by a month.


17 Again (film), Plot
Frustrated that he could not salvage his marriage, Mike decides to once again pursue a scholarship and move on with a new life. During a high school basketball game, Mike reveals himself to Scarlet. As Scarlet runs away, Mike decides to chase her down, just like he did in 1989, but not before handing the ball off to his son. Mike is then transformed back into his 37-year-old self, and happily reunites with Scarlet, saying that she was the best decision he ever made.


17 Again (film), Plot
As Mike prepares for his first day as the new coach at his kids' school, Ned, who has successfully started a relationship with Jane, gifts him a whistle, both happy with their new starts in life.


17 Again (film), Reception, Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 56% based on 149 reviews, with an average rating of 5.40/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "Though it uses a well-worn formula, 17 Again has just enough Zac Efron charm to result in a harmless, pleasurable teen comedy." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 48 out of 100, based on reviews from 27 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale.


17 Again (film), Reception, Critical response
Roger Ebert gave the film 3 stars out of 4, writing: "17 Again is pleasant, harmless PG-13 entertainment, with a plot a little more surprising and acting a little better than I expected." Justin Chang of Variety wrote: "Zac Efron's squeaky-clean tweener-bait profile is unlikely to be threatened by 17 Again, an energetic but earthbound comic fantasy that borrows a few moves, if little inspiration, from Big and It's a Wonderful Life."


17 Again (film), Reception, Box office
The film was projected to take in around $20 million in its opening weekend. Opening in 3,255 theaters in the United States and Canada, the film grossed $23.7 million ranking #1 at the box office, with 70% of the audience consisting of young females. By the end of its run, 17 Again grossed $64.2 million in North America and $72.1 million internationally, totaling $136.3 million worldwide.


17 Again (film), Soundtrack
17 Again: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack was released on April 21, 2009, by New Line Records.


17 Again (film), Soundtrack, Additional music credits
The orchestral score was written by Rolfe Kent and orchestrated by Tony Blondal. It was recorded at Skywalker Sound.


17 Again (film), Adaptation
A South Korean television series titled 18 Again based on the film aired on JTBC from September 21 to November 10, 2020.


17 Again (song)
"17 Again" is a song by British pop duo Eurythmics from their eighth studio album, Peace (1999). It was released as the album's second single on 10 January 2000.


17 Again (song)
Peace was the first new album released by Eurythmics in a decade and the lyrics to "17 Again" find the duo reminiscing about their long-standing career in pop music. The song mentions "fake celebrities", "vicious queens", "the stupid papers and the stupid magazines" and makes the conclusion that "sweet dreams are made of anything that gets you in the scene". The closing of "17 Again" contains an interpolation of 1983's "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)".


17 Again (song)
"17 Again" peaked at number 27 on the UK Singles Chart. The single was not officially released in the United States, though promotional-only remixes were issued for nightclubs. "17 Again" became the first Eurythmics song to reach number one on the Hot Dance Club Play chart.


17 Again (song)
The song was featured in a season four episode of the American television series Will & Grace ("Bed, Bath, & Beyond"). It was also featured in season two of the American television series, Charmed, in the episode titled  "How to Make a Quilt Out of Americans".


17 Aquarii
17 Aquarii, abbreviated 17 Aqr, is a spectroscopic binary star system in the constellation of Aquarius. 17 Aquarii is the Flamsteed designation. It appears to the naked eye as a faint sixth magnitude star, having a combined apparent visual magnitude of 5.99. The distance to 17 Aqr can be estimated from its annual parallax shift of 4.9 mas, which yields a separation of around 660 light years. It is moving further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of 18 km/s.


17 Aquarii
A preliminary orbit for the pair gives a period of 20 years and an eccentricity of 0.4. The primary component is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of K4/5 III. It is radiating 495 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,951 K.


17 August 2005 Baghdad bombings
The 17 August 2005 Baghdad bombings was a terrorist attack that occurred when three powerful car bombs ripped through civilian targets in central Baghdad, killing 43 people and injuring 76.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings
The 17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings were two attacks in Baghdad, Iraq. The first attack in the morning was when a suicide bomber detonated his explosives outside the Iraqi Army division headquarters on potential recruits to the army, some of whom had queued for hours prior to the bombings, that killed over 60 and wounded more than 100. The second attack took place in the evening when a fuel truck exploded in a Shia neighbourhood, killing 8 and wounding 44.Islamic State of Iraq claimed the first of the two attacks.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings, Background
The bombing came amid uncertainty over the future government in Iraq following the 2010 Iraqi parliamentary election. One day before the attack former Iraqi Interim Prime Minister Iyad Allawi pulled out of coalition talks with Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki following claims that al-Maliki was pushing for a sectarian division of government.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings, Background
Security forces have been targets of attack in the months prior to this bombing. The United States began to reduce its troop strength in Iraq, from just under 60,000 at the time of this bombing, to about 50,000 by 31 August, which was scheduled to be the formal end of combat operations.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings, Background
The bombing was the first major attack of the year's Ramadan, the most venerated month in the Islamic calendar.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings, Bombings, First bombing
Unemployed people had queued for hours outside an Army recruiting centre when a suicide bomber approached and detonated his explosives. The recruiting location is near the Bab al-Muadhan (Great Gate) by the Tigris River and the former Iraqi Ministry of Defense building in downtown Baghdad.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings, Bombings, First bombing
An interior ministry official said the majority of the victims were army recruits but there were also some soldiers who were protecting the recruitment centre among the casualties. The casualties among these soldiers were at least three dead and eight wounded, with the overall total killed at over 60.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings, Bombings, Second bombing
On the same day another attack occurred at 21:30 in the majority Shia neighbourhood of Hay Ur. A bomb attached to a fuel truck loaded with kerosene exploded, killing eight people and wounding 44 more.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings, Perpetrators
Iraqi spokesman Gen. Al-Moussawi immediately blamed al-Qaeda in Iraq for the bombings.


17 August 2010 Baghdad bombings, Perpetrators
Islamic State of Iraq, which includes al-Qaida in Iraq, within three days claimed the first of the two attacks, saying it targeted "a group of Shias and apostates who sold their faith for money and to be a tool in the war on Iraqi Sunnis",and boasting that its operative easily passed through checkpoints before detonating his explosives belt in a crowd of officers and recruits outside army headquarters.


17 August 2019 Kabul bombing
On August 17, 2019, a suicide bombing took place during a wedding in a wedding hall in Kabul, Afghanistan. At least 92 people were killed in the attack and over 140 injured. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant claimed responsibility for the bombing, stating that the attack targeted the Shi'ites. More than 1,000 people were gathered for the wedding when the attack took place. The attack occurred a day before the 100th Afghan Independence Day, causing the government to postpone the planned celebrations taking place at the Darul Aman Palace. It was the deadliest attack in Kabul since January 2018.


17 August 2019 Kabul bombing, Attack
The suicide bombing occurred at approximately 10:40 p.m. Afghanistan Time (UTC+04:30) in western Kabul, in an area heavily populated by the Shia Hazara minority, inside the "Dubai City" wedding hall. The suicide bomber detonated the explosives in the men's section of the wedding hall, near the stage where musicians were playing, at a time when hundreds were inside the building for a wedding ceremony. The bomber detonated a suicide vest packed with ball bearings.


17 August 2019 Kabul bombing, Attack
The explosion occurred shortly before the wedding ceremony was supposed to start. According to the wedding hall's owner, more than 1,200 people had been invited to the event, with a mixed group of Shi'ites and Sunnis attending. Most of the attendees were ethnic Hazaras. Both the bride and the groom were Shi'ite, and both from modest working class families, with the groom working as a tailor. Their families had discussed how to schedule the timing of the wedding to try to minimize the risk of an attack.


17 August 2019 Kabul bombing, Attack
At least 63 people were initially killed and 182 injured. While the bride and groom survived, both lost several family members. Many children were also among those killed. 17 more people succumbed to their injuries in the days after the attack, bringing the death toll to 80. The final death toll was put at 92.


17 August 2019 Kabul bombing, Responsibility
The day after the attack, a local affiliate of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also known as ISIS, the Islamic State, or Daesh) claimed responsibility for the attack. The statement of responsibility claimed that after the suicide bombing inside the wedding hall, a car bomb was also detonated outside as emergency vehicles were arriving. The follow-up car bombing has not been confirmed by the authorities.


17 August 2019 Kabul bombing, Responsibility
The Taliban denied responsibility for the attack, with a spokesman stating that the Taliban "condemns [the bombing] in the strongest terms".


17 August 2019 Kabul bombing, Reactions, Domestic
President of Afghanistan Ashraf Ghani declared a day of mourning. He also stated that the Taliban can not fully escape blame for the attack either, saying that "The Taliban cannot absolve themselves of blame for they provide platform for terrorists."


17 August 2019 Kabul bombing, Reactions, Domestic
The Taliban denied responsibility for the attack and condemned it. The group's spokesperson Zabiullah Mujahid said in a statement that the group "strongly condemns explosion [sic] targeting civilians inside a hotel in Kabul city," while also adding that "Such barbaric deliberate attacks against civilians including women and children are forbidden and unjustifiable."


17 Avenue SE (Calgary)
17 Avenue SE is a major arterial road in east Calgary, Alberta. 17 Avenue SE is the focal point of the International Avenue Business Revitalization Zone (BRZ) and the main roadway through the former town of Forest Lawn. Chestermere Boulevard is a major arterial road and the eastern extension of 17 Avenue SE through Chestermere, Alberta, Canada. The roadway is a former alignment of Highway 1A.


17 Avenue SE (Calgary), Route description
The west end of 17 Avenue SE begins with a small segment at a 5-way intersection with 9 Avenue SE and 15 Street SE (due to traffic calming, access to northbound 15 Street SE is closed), crossing the Canadian Pacific Railway, and ending at 17A Street SE. It begins again just to the south at the Blackfoot Trail / 19 Street SE intersection and crosses the Bow River via the Cushing Bridge before intersecting Deerfoot Trail (Highway 2).


17 Avenue SE (Calgary), Route description
Prior to the construction of Blackfoot Trail, 17 Avenue SE was a continuous roadway and the section between 19 Street SE and Deerfoot Trail is now generally referred to as part of Blackfoot Trail. 19 Street SE serves as the main access between 9 Avenue SE and Blackfoot Trail / 17 Avenue SE.


17 Avenue SE (Calgary), Route description
East of Deerfoot Trail, 17 Avenue SE leaves the Bow River valley and intersects Barlow Trail, though it is only accessible for westbound traffic. It passes through the communities of Albert Park/Radisson Heights, Southview, and Forest Lawn, and continues east past Elliston Park before intersecting Stoney Trail. It transitions into rural farmland and at 116 Street SE (also known as Range Road 284 or Conrich Road), enters into the city of Chestermere, where it becomes Chestermere Boulevard. It ends at the Highway 1 (Trans-Canada Highway) interchange, where it continues east as Range Road 243.


17 Avenue SE (Calgary), History
17 Avenue SE is the original alignment of Highway 1 through eastern Calgary. In 1949, Highway 1 was rerouted to follow 16 Avenue N, bypassing downtown Calgary and Forest Lawn, and 17 Avenue SE designated as Highway 1A. The section of Highway 1A west of Deerfoot Trail was dropped in the 1970s, resulting in Highway 1A being a short alternate route into Calgary and its southeast industrial parks. In 1993, the International Avenue BRZ was established resulting in 17 Avenue SE being nicknamed as International Avenue.


17 Avenue SE (Calgary), History
In 2007, the City of Calgary annexed land from Rocky View County up to Range Road 284 (now 116 Street SE); while in 2009, Chestermere annexed land up to the Calgary city limit, resulting in Highway 1A no longer travelling through a rural municipality and signaling a possible end to the Highway 1A designation. In 2013, the province of Alberta decommissioned Highway 1A, and as of 2016, remnant Highway 1A signage still remains on Deerfoot Trail and sections of 17 Avenue SE within Calgary; however, it has been removed along Stoney Trail, through Chestermere, and along the Trans-Canada Highway.


17 Avenue SE (Calgary), 17 Avenue Transitway
The City of Calgary opened a 5-kilometre (3 mi) long dedicated bus-only transitway on November 19, 2018 as part of the city's MAX BRT network. The transitway, which carries MAX Purple, begins to the south of 17 Avenue SE at the intersection 9 Avenue SE and 16 Street SE, and travels parallel to Blackfoot Trail and 17 Avenue SE, crossing the Bow River and Deerfoot Trail on its own dedicated bridges. At 28 Street SE, the transitway shifts to the centre of 17 Avenue SE and travels east before ending just west of Hubalta Road. Long-term plans call for the mixed-use corridor and transitway to extend east into Chestermere.


17 Avenue SE (Calgary), 17 Avenue Transitway
Construction began in 2017 and was divided into two phases – both of which were constructed simultaneously. Phase 1 focused on the dedicated bus-only transitway on 17 Avenue SE between 28 Street SE and Hubalta Road SE, which included the construction of BRT station platforms and a complete transformation of International Avenue infrastructure. Phase 2 focused on the construction of a transit and pedestrian only bridge crossing Deerfoot Trail, connecting 28 Street SE to 9 Avenue SE.


17 Avenue SW (Calgary)
17 Avenue SW is a major east–west arterial road in the southwest quadrant of the city of Calgary, Alberta.


17 Avenue SW (Calgary)
Between the Calgary Stampede Grounds and 14 Street SW, it is a commercial street, with bars, restaurants, nightclubs, and shops, which has been designated a Business Revitalization Zone. Officially named 17th Ave Retail and Entertainment District.


17 Avenue SW (Calgary)
From 14th Street to Sarcee Trail, it is flanked by a mix of residential and commercial space, with small strip malls, a retirement home, and denser commercial developments in the Westbrook Mall area. West of Sarcee Trail it runs through suburban neighbourhoods and acreages, by Rundle College and Westside Recreation Centre.


17 Avenue SW (Calgary)
The west extension of the C-Train light rail transit system runs along 17 Avenue west of 33 Street SW, as does the rapid bus transit.