15 May Organization, Operations
In 1980, in the group's first attack was against the Royal Hotel in London, England, ostensibly because of its high number of Jewish patrons. The 21-year-old Palestinian-Iraqi Mohammed Zuhair travelled from Baghdad into an unnamed European country, and finally arrived in London, with several kilograms of plastic explosives hidden inside his suitcase. He rented a room in the centre of the fifth floor, where Ibrahim had hoped an explosion might cause enough structural damage to cause the building to collapse. The bomb detonated prematurely on 17 January however, and killed only Zuhair himself; injuring several hotel guests. After his death, his photograph was hung in one of Ibrahim's safe houses, and Capt. Mohammed Rashid named his son after Zuhair.


15 May Organization, Operations
In 1981, the group organised the bombing of Israeli airline El Al offices in Rome and Istanbul, as well as the Israeli embassies in Athens and Vienna.


15 May Organization, Operations
The following year, the group unsuccessfully attempted to bomb a Pan Am flight in Rio de Janeiro, and then successfully detonated a bomb, killing only one passenger, aboard Pan Am Flight 830 on 11 August. The latter attack was orchestrated by Rashid, who was imprisoned for his actions.


15 May Organization, Operations
In 1985 the group recruited a Tunisian to carry out a bombing attack against a department store in Paris in February.


15 May Organization, Downfall
The 15 May Organization is believed to have been sponsored by Iraq, and founder Abu Ibrahim was believed by US authorities to have relocated there after the group disbanded.


15 May Organization, Downfall
Twenty days after the unsuccessful bombing by Rashid, construction contractor Adnan Awad turned himself over to the American Embassy in Saudi Arabia and claimed that he had been pressured into joining the group. He was turned over to the Swiss, but later returned to the United States to help secure indictment against the 15 May leadership. With his aid, American intelligence agencies determined that it was the 15 May Organization that had constructed the bomb aboard Pan Am Flight 830.


15 May Organization, Downfall
Abu Ibrahim was placed on the FBI's most wanted in June 2009


15 Minute Drama
15 Minute Drama, previously known as Woman's Hour Drama, was a BBC Radio 4 Arts and Drama production strand that was broadcast between 1998 and 2021. It consisted of 15-minute episodes, broadcast every weekday 10.45–11.00am (i.e. at the end of Woman's Hour proper), repeated at 7.45–8.00pm. These tended to be plays which extended over a week, or multiple of five episodes. Occasionally, each day's slot for a week or more would be filled by single drama, linked to the others of the week by a theme. For the last decade of its broadcasting life, the single episodes would be repeated as omnibuses on BBC Radio 4 Extra at the weekend.


15 Minute Drama
The subjects covered were many and varied, and not just for women. According to Radio 4, they aimed to provide a mixture of classic and contemporary drama, adaptations of books and original writing.


15 Minute Musical
15 Minute Musical is a comedy series on BBC Radio 4 written by Richie Webb, David Quantick and Dave Cohen. Each episode is in a different musical style with a story featuring current celebrities and politicians. The show won the 2009 Writers' Guild Award for Best Radio Comedy.


15 Minute Musical, Episodes
The first series aired from October 2004 and featured the following episodes:


15 Minuten Wahrheit
15 Minuten Wahrheit (German pronunciation: [ ˈfʏnftseːn miˈnutn̩ ˈvaːɐ̯haɪt]; lit. '15 minutes of truth') is a German film directed by Nico Zingelmann and starring Herbert Knaup and Christoph Bach.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
The 50-year-old Georg Komann and his colleagues at Jaffcorp Investment AG are completely unexpectedly dismissed from their employer without adequate compensation. They are facing a personal end because they know that no one over 50 is hiring new people. Komann forges a risky plan with which he could secure the future for himself and his friends. He puts everything on one card and asks his boss Sebastian Berg for a conversation, one that could change his life - in any direction - a conversation of 15 minutes.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
Berg offers Komann a severance payment, which he refuses because he is apparently the only one who is to be lavishly rewarded. He wants to stand up for the employees and demands severance payments for all those who are to be laid off, as many are over 50 and no longer have a chance to get a new job. Berg leaves that cold. During the conversation, Komann said that he knew that the company had a secret bank account in Switzerland and that a lot of money had been stashed away.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
With the knowledge he wants to put his young boss under pressure and threatens to go public. Berg does not agree to this because he believes that Komann has no evidence. Komann tells his boss that this was only used by the management to open the account. Thus, the board is above suspicion and Berg is the bogeyman. Komann claims that he and his employees have already cleared the secret account. Berg doesn't think so. He has a notebook with the TAN numbers on his desk so that he can carry out transactions.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
Komann says that he can't memorize anything either, whereupon Berg believes that Komann secretly stole the notebook and photocopied it. In fact, Komann pulls copies out of his jacket pocket. Since the TAN numbers are only valid once, Berg does not worry and secretly calls the security service via live mail. When Komann leaves the office, Berg has him arrested by the security guard.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
Berg now calls the bank in Zurich to see if there have been any transactions in the last 24 hours. The alleged employee on the phone says no. Berg then goes into the anteroom, where Komann is in handcuffs, and says with a grin that he almost had him. Komann thinks that the attempt was worth it. Berg sees Komann as a traitor. He had abused the trust when he was caught stealing confidential documents. He gambled everything away and no one would hire him anymore.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
At Berg's instructions, the security guard reaches into Komann's jacket pocket and pulls out the alleged copy of the TAN numbers, which, to Berg's horror, turns out to be a menu card. In the presence of the security guard, however, he pretends that this is really a copy of the TAN numbers and alleges that Komann is spying. In addition, by the time Komann unpacks, all evidence would have been removed. Berg cuts his severance payment because traitors would get nothing.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
Then he has Komann taken away by the security service. This should hand him over to the police. Berg goes back to the office. As soon as he is sitting at his desk, he receives a live mail sent by his secretary in the anteroom. A video opens, recorded by the surveillance camera in the anteroom. The entire conversation was recorded. The video also shows that Berg did not speak to the bank in Zurich, but first to the secretary, who disguise her voice, and then to a Jaffcorp employee who also spoke in a Swiss accent. The conversation was deliberately diverted by the secretary.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
Shortly afterwards, Berg received a voice mail from Komann; the whole thing was planned by the employees in order to get to the transaction number that Berg gave on the phone. The employee who posed as a Swiss banker on the phone wrote down this transaction number and called the bank in Switzerland to complete a transaction. Now the employees have the money. Berg then calls the security guard and has Komann released. Komann explains on the voice mail that Berg will get the money back, minus a reasonable compensation for the employees. Only then would they keep the secret.


15 Minuten Wahrheit, Plot
He assures him that he will have a long and prosperous future at Jaffcorp and that he will find a way to discreetly balance everything. Berg is angry and kicks over the chair in his office on which Komann was just sitting. Komann, the secretary and the colleague who pretended to be Swiss leave the company and hand in their IDs to the porter. The latter gives Komann a recording device. On the tape you can hear the voice mail that the porter sent to Berg as a recording. He also recorded the conversation in the anteroom.


15 Minutes
15 Minutes is a 2001 crime action thriller film directed by John Herzfeld and starring Robert De Niro and Edward Burns. Its story revolves around a homicide detective (De Niro) and a fire marshal (Burns) who join forces to apprehend a pair of Eastern European murderers (Karel Roden and Oleg Taktarov) videotaping their crimes in order to become rich and famous. The title is a reference to the Andy Warhol quotation, "In the future, everyone will be world-famous for 15 minutes."


15 Minutes, Plot
Ex-convicts Emil Slovak (Karel Roden) and Oleg Razgul (Oleg Taktarov) arrive in the United States to claim their part of a bank heist in eastern Europe. Oleg steals a video camera from an electronics store. At the rundown apartment of their old partner, they are denied their share of the spoils, so Emil fatally stabs the partner and his wife as Oleg tapes it with the camera. Czech immigrant Daphne Handlova (Vera Farmiga) witnesses the murders from the bathroom, then escapes before Emil and Oleg can kill her as well. To hide the crime, Emil burns down the apartment.


15 Minutes, Plot
Jordy Warsaw (Edward Burns) is a New York City arson investigator assigned to the case. Also at the scene is Eddie Flemming (Robert De Niro), is a high-profile detective who is followed by his girlfriend Nicolette Karas (Melina Kanakaredes), a reporter from the tabloid TV show Top Story. Flemming and Warsaw agree to work the case together. While checking out the crowd, Warsaw spots Daphne trying to get his attention, but she disappears. Meanwhile, Emil calls an escort service and asks for a "Czech girl." Oleg tapes Emil as he kills the escort (Noelle Evans) and learns the address of the escort service. Oleg continually films everything, claiming he wants to be the next Frank Capra.


15 Minutes, Plot
Flemming and Warsaw investigate this murder and visit the escort service. The madam, Rose Hearn (Charlize Theron), tells them that the girl Warsaw described doesn't work for her but rather a hairdresser. She mentions a couple of other guys having just asked her the same questions. Flemming and Warsaw arrive at the hair salon just after Emil and Oleg have warned Daphne to keep quiet. Flemming notices Oleg filming them from across the street. In the ensuing foot chase, Flemming's regular partner Leon Jackson (Avery Brooks) is hit with a glass bottle and his wallet and gun are stolen. Emil finds a card with Flemming's name and address. He becomes jealous of Flemming's celebrity status and is convinced that anyone in America can get away with anything.


15 Minutes, Plot
On the night Flemming plans to propose to his girlfriend Nicolette Karas (Melina Kanakaredes), Oleg and Emil sneak into his house and bind Flemming to a chair. While Oleg is recording, Emil explains that he plans to kill Flemming and sell the tape to Top Story. After getting himself committed to an insane asylum, Emil will declare that he is actually sane. Since he can't be tried again, he will get off, collecting royalties from books and movies based on his crimes. Flemming attacks them with his chair (while still taped to it), but Emil gets the upper-hand and stabs him in the chest, mortally wounding him. Emil then suffocates and kills Flemming with a pillow.


15 Minutes, Plot
The entire city is in mourning. Emil sells the tape of Flemming's murder to Top Story anchor Robert Hawkins (Kelsey Grammer) in exchange for $1 million, outraging Warsaw and the entire police force. Emil and Oleg watch the tape's broadcast on Top Story inside a Planet Hollywood; customers realize that Emil and Oleg are sitting with them and panic. Police arrive and arrest Emil, while Oleg escapes. Warsaw takes Emil to an abandoned warehouse to kill him, but other police arrive just in time and take Emil into custody. Everything goes as planned for Emil, now a celebrity who is pleading insanity. His lawyer agrees to work for 30% of the royalties Emil will receive for his story. Meanwhile, in hiding, Oleg becomes jealous of the notoriety that Emil is receiving.


15 Minutes, Plot
While the lawyer is leading Emil away in court, Warsaw provokes an argument, with the Top Story crew recording the whole thing. Oleg quietly approaches Hawkins and hands him the tape of Emil explaining his plan to Flemming, proving he was sane the whole time. Hawkins shouts out to Emil about the evidence in his possession. Emil grabs a policeman's gun, shoots Oleg and grabs Nicolette, threatening to shoot her. Against orders, Warsaw shoots Emil a dozen times in the chest to avenge Flemming's murder. Hawkins rushes to Oleg's side as he dies. He attempts to get a comment from Warsaw, who punches him and walks away as the police all smile with approval.


15 Minutes, Production
The film was shot on location in New York City and Los Angeles from May to July 1999. It was originally slated to be released by New Line Cinema in the spring of 2000, with theatrical trailers appearing in late 1999. For reasons unknown, the film was pulled from the spring 2000 schedule and then delayed until the following year, on March 9, 2001.


15 Minutes, Reception, Box office
The film grossed $24,403,552 domestically in the United States and Canada. It made a further $31,956,428 internationally, for a worldwide total of $56,359,980 against a production budget of $42 million.


15 Minutes, Reception, Critical response
Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gave the film an approval rating of 32% based on reviews from 125 critics, with an average rating of 4.42/10. The site's consensus reads, "As critical as it is about sensationalism in the media, 15 Minutes itself indulges in lurid violence, and its satire is too heavy-handed to be effective." It currently holds a 34 out of 100 rating on Metacritic, based on 32 critical reviews, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".


15 Minutes, Reception, Critical response
Roger Ebert of Chicago Sun-Times gave it three out of four stars, calling it "a cynical, savage satire about violence, the media and depravity." Ebert felt "It doesn't have the polish of "Natural Born Killers" or the wit of "Wag the Dog," but it's a real movie, rough edges and all, and not another link from the sausage factory."


15 Minutes, Reception, Critical response
On the negative side, Stephen Hunter of The Washington Post wrote:


15 Minutes, Reception, Critical response
For a while, as long as it's cops vs. scum, "15 Minutes" bangs along pretty spectacularly. The contrived script gets Brooks out of the picture fast, so that De Niro and Burns can have a nice male bonding moment or two, if that's the sort of thing that brings tears to your eyes. ... But like oh-so-many movies in today's film culture, where nobody ever met a story he could tell, this one becomes so jammed up with subplots it seems to run out of room, space and time. ... it ruins the movie, leaving it without its engine, without its rooting interest, without, really, much of anything going for it.


15 Minutes, Reception, Critical response
Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly stated: "At the movies, we’re now bamboozled into expecting not drama but sensation, and so it’s no surprise that the plot of a movie like 15 Minutes is less an end in itself than an excuse, a jumping-off point for showy, contrived, borderline-exploitation sequences that fail to tie together because they’re not really there to do anything but sell themselves as money-shot thrills. ... 15 Minutes is a glum and sadistic mess."


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album)
15 Minutes is the 28th studio album by American singer-songwriter Barry Manilow. It was released on June 14, 2011, by Stiletto Entertainment


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Background
The album was the first independent release of Manilow's career, through his Stiletto Entertainment label (distributed by Fontana/Universal Music). In interviews around the time of the release, Manilow said that his long-time friend and mentor, Clive Davis, had told him that he could not sell an album of Manilow performing any new Manilow songs now, given the string of great albums covering other artists' songs Manilow released in the 1990s and 2000s. But Manilow thought he could still be relevant as a songwriter too. This led to his second departure from Arista and the decision to go independent.


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Content
Although described by Manilow as a concept album, it can be as accurately described as a rock opera, making this his debut in this genre. The majority of the songs were co-written with longtime lyricist Enoch Anderson, with one song, "Wine Song," co-written with another longtime lyricist, Adrienne Anderson. "He's a Star" was originally featured on Tryin' to Get the Feeling in 1975 as "She's a Star;" the version heard on 15 Minutes, in addition to the change in gender, is also recorded in a much more uptempo style compared to the original.


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Honors
15 Minutes won Manilow a Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album Grammy Award nomination in 2012.


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Storyline
The album tells the story of a fictional singer/musician who dreams of fame ("15 Minutes"), works to achieve fame ("Work the Room"), and realizes his dream and shares the news of his success with his partner ("Bring on Tomorrow"). The main character then experiences the euphoria of realized dreams ("Now it's For Real"), and begins to enjoy a more indulgent lifestyle ("Wine Song"). The album goes on to explore fame from the outsider's viewpoint ("He's a Star").


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Storyline
In the middle section of the album, the main character begins to experience the downside of fame. He first deals with his partner's withdrawal from his parties and celebrations ("Written in Stone"). He becomes demanding and delusional, while remembering a letter received from a young lady who is equally delusional ("Letter from a Fan/So Heavy, So High"). Strained emotionally to the breaking point, he laments his solitude ("Everybody's Leaving"), then lashes out at his aides ("Who Needs You").


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Storyline
The point of view changes from internal to external, once again, as Manilow comments on the price of fame and the ferocity with which the press seems to latch on to a story of a star gone bad ("Winner Go Down").


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Storyline
Toward the end of the album, the main character has been abandoned, and he realizes that his career has been ruined ("Slept Through the End of the World"). After some time to think ("Reflection"), he gives himself a pep talk ("Trainwreck"), and begins to put the pieces back together. He realizes he can continue to perform ("15 Minutes (Reprise)"). The album's final track is an anthem to optimism ("Everything's Gonna Be Alright").


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Critical reception
In a review for AllMusic, critic reviewer Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote: "Manilow not only rides a tightly wound drum loop on "Work the Room," he also raps, a development nearly as disconcerting as the cuss he slips into its chorus. 15 Minutes offers something unexpected: here, Barry Manilow is trying hard to deliver serious, sharply crafted pop, and even if the album doesn't entirely work, it's hard not to give him considerable credit for his ambition."


15 Minutes (Barry Manilow album), Commercial performance
The album debuted on the Billboard 200 album chart at its peak position of number 7, his first studio album of mostly original songs to crack the Top 10 since 1979's One Voice. It also debuted on the UK Albums Chart at its peak of number 20. In Canada, the album reached number 36 on the Canadian Albums Chart.


15 Minutes (Nik Kershaw album)
15 minutes is a 1999 album released by UK singer-songwriter Nik Kershaw.


15 Minutes (Nik Kershaw album)
In a 2008 interview, Kershaw spoke of two tracks from the album after being asked for his proudest song.


15 Minutes (Nik Kershaw album)
"'Billy' would be my finest lyric. Lyrics usually take me days or even weeks but this was one of those rare occasions when they just poured out and everything fell into place. It has a complex rhyming scheme but still manages to make a point with humour. There's another song on the same album called 'Have a Nice Life' which is very simple and heartfelt. Again, that was quick and easy to write. The best ones always are and you spend most of your creative life trying to find them. The trouble is they find you and not the other way around."


15 Minutes (Nik Kershaw album), Reception
Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic described the album as an "immaculately produced collection of modern mature pop", but felt the album concentrated too much on "sonic texture" rather than the songwriting. He concluded: "It's easy to admire the craft behind the production and the subtle songwriting, even if the songs don't work their way into your subconscious." Tom Roland of The Tennessean wrote: "Kershaw delivers 15 Minutes with a Brit boy-next-door disposition and a bed of guitars, in a swirl of restrained, midtempo pop." Dana Tofig of the Hartford Courant commented: "Kershaw has put out a new album that testifies he should have received much more time in the spotlight. 15 Minutes, although inconsistent, is filled with catchy pop songs that stand out with brilliant hooks and a touch of oddness."


15 Minutes (Rodney Atkins song)
"15 Minutes" is a song written by Tony Mullins and Jamie Lee Thurston and recorded by American country music singer Rodney Atkins. It was released in May 2009 as the second single from Atkin's 2009 album It's America.


15 Minutes (Rodney Atkins song), Content
The narrator talks about quitting smoking, drinking, and women. He states "it was the worst 15 minutes of [his] life", and shows that he couldn't last long without them.


15 Minutes (Rodney Atkins song), Critical reception
Pierce Greenberg of Engine 145 viewed the song favorably, comparing it to Kevin Fowler's and Brad Paisley's styles and saying, "Likely to be a crowd favorite, it's a song that shows the same kind of thoughtful, clever hook that those artists have built careers around." Todd Sterling of Allmusic called it a "honky tonk mashup" and said that it had "a ton of heart" even if it was "calculated".


15 Minutes (The Yeah You's song)
"15 Minutes" is a pop song performed and written by British group The Yeah You's. It was penned by the band for their debut studio album Looking Through You (2009), and released as the debut single in June 2009.


15 Minutes (The Yeah You's song)
The song reached a peak position of number 36 on the UK Singles Chart.


15 Minutes (The Yeah You's song), Music video
The video follows the band's rise to stardom, with Andy Warhol's words, "In the Future, everyone will be famous for 15 minutes", appearing at the start of the video. The band can be seen singing in a bedroom, then busking on the streets. Doing a spot at a club, a record company producer overhears them and signs them. The band is next seen in a recording studio, before a video shoot, then on a talk show with Tracy Ann Oberman, as they become the world's biggest band. This is all short lived as the bubble bursts and the video ends with the band back in the bedroom singing.


15 Minutes of Shame
"15 Minutes of Shame" is the debut song written by Kelly Archer, Casey Kessel and Justin Weaver, recorded by American country music artist Kristy Lee Cook. It was released in August 2008 as the first single from her album Why Wait. The single is also her first entry on the Billboard country charts, reaching a peak of number 28 in November 2008.


15 Minutes of Shame, Content
"15 Minutes of Shame" centralizes on the female narrator, who explains that she is going to tell everyone what she knows about her partner, who has been unfaithful and lied to her ("Every single lie you told, I'm tellin'"). She explains that "every girl in the world's gonna know [his] name", and that she hopes he enjoys his "15 minutes of shame" for his actions. The title is a play on  the famous quote by Andy Warhol about everyone getting 15 minutes of fame.


15 Minutes of Shame, Reception
Common Sense wrote that the song is "a blend of mainstream pop with a country twang, and works surprisingly well in both musical styles and that the lyrics — full of sass and spunk — benefit from Cook's vocals and keep the single lighter and more fun despite the injections of bitterness and mean-spiritedness." "15 Minutes of Shame" got 3 stars from Common Sense.


15 Minutes of Shame, Music video
The video for the song was released on the CMT website on October 30, 2008.


15 Minutes of Shame, Chart performance
"15 Minutes of Shame" debuted at number 58 on the Hot Country Songs charts dated for the week of August 16, 2008, and entered Top 40 on the same chart for the week of October 18. It has sold 45,000  units as of February 2010.


15 Minutes of War
15 Minutes of War (French: L'intervention, lit. ' The Intervention') is a 2019 French-Belgian war film directed by Fred Grivois. It is freely based on real events known at the Prise d'otages de Loyada.


15 Minutes of War, Plot
In February 1976 in Djibouti, a school bus was taken hostage at the Somali border. The GIGN is sent on the spot, where after 30 hours of tension a rescue operation is organized.


15 Minutes of War, Production
Principal photography on the film was conducted during the summer of 2017.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby
15 Minutes with Bing Crosby was Bing Crosby's first solo radio series, which ran from September 2, 1931 until October 31 the same year. It was to have a major impact on his career.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Background
Crosby had appeared on radio on many occasions as a member of The Rhythm Boys trio, first as part of the Paul Whiteman orchestra and later in the nightly broadcasts with Gus Arnheim from the Cocoanut Grove in the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles. It was at the Cocoanut Grove that Bing's solos made him stand out from the Rhythm Boys and a dispute with the management at the Grove more or less led to the break-up of the trio in May 1931. Bing had already started making records under his own name and then he made several short films for Mack Sennett which were well received.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Background
A regular nationwide radio broadcast show was the next logical step in the development of his solo career. Bing and his attorney, Roger Marchetti, traveled from Los Angeles to New York seeking $1,500 a week on sustaining time and $3,000 a week if and when a sponsor was found. As Bill Paley, CEO of CBS, wrote; "It was an astounding price at the time, in fact an outrage, but I did not want to lose him. I negotiated as hard as I could, but we finally settled for his asking price.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Background
… What made Bing Crosby's first contract with CBS so extravagant was that he came to our network as new or developing talent, just as had Morton Downey, Kate Smith, the Mills Brothers, and others, to be put on the air on a sustaining basis; that is, without advertiser support. Under this new contract policy, we usually paid such talent a little over $100 a week, or at most $500 a week, until we could find a sponsor."


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Background
Variety announced the news on August 25, 1931 and touched on an ongoing problem with the musicians' union following the dispute with the Cocoanut Grove. "With CBS, Crosby will receive around $1,500 a week, from accounts, although in the east he is still an unknown on the radio. The Ambassador hotel contract which he broke would have paid him $250. According to the musicians' union ruling, Crosby can perform with union accompaniment anywhere but in Los Angeles. In that city he is barred from any amusement places that are considered opposition to Gus Arnheim at the Ambassador."


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Background
Much publicity heralded the planned debut of 15 Minutes with Bing Crosby on August 31, 1931 but after rehearsing all that afternoon at the CBS HQ at 484 Madison Avenue, Bing was unable to go ahead with the six nights-a-week show at 11 pm. The next night Bing did not appear either and rumors started to circulate that he was either drunk or too nervous to sing. Finally on Wednesday September 2, came the answer. Rehearsing in air-conditioned rooms had given him laryngitis.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Background
, Bing completed his first solo radio show with Eddie Lang playing guitar and with an orchestra conducted by Victor Young. He sang "Just One More Chance," "I Found a Million Dollar Baby," and "I'm Through with Love." The opening theme played by the orchestra was "Too Late" and the sheet music of this song quickly stated that it was from Fifteen Minutes of Bing Crosby.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Reception
The Los Angeles Illustrated Daily News commented: "So far as Southern California goes, Amos 'n' Andy listenage has been sadly cut, what with Bing Crosby back on the old air at the same time. Despite two false starts early in the week, due to bad case of laryngitis, Crosby has come back strong and is his old self again..." Variety made some suggestions. "When Crosby first came to town, WABC had him warbling around 10:30 or 11 at night. This hour was soon discarded for the more important period of 7 pm. … Getting an earful of Crosby over a series of programs doesn't leave much doubt that he's not entirely at ease when delivering an unfamiliar song. … If he can work out a schedule allowing him the same preparation for radio as for recording, he's a cinch for ether popularity."


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Reception
The nationwide shows continued daily (except Sundays) on a sustaining basis until October 31, 1931 from station WABC in New York. Harry Von Zell was the announcer. Freddie Rich led the orchestra after the first week. Russ Columbo was broadcasting for NBC at 11:30 pm each night as competition for Bing with Variety noting "Scrap between NBC & CBS over Russ Columbo and Bing Crosby is getting warm."


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Reception
Crosby's popularity soon attracted a sponsor – the American Tobacco Company – and rather than Lucky Strike cigarettes, the company's president, George Washington Hill, chose to promote another of the company's products, Cremo Cigars.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Bing Crosby – The Cremo Singer
Starting on November 3, 1931, Crosby became The Cremo Singer which broadcast from CBS station WABC (studio 8) in New York between 7:15 and 7:30 pm six nights a week (not Sundays) until February 27, 1932. David Ross was the announcer and Carl Fenton conducted the orchestra. A further broadcast was made at 11:00 pm each night for the West Coast audiences. "Where the Blue of the Night" was chosen as Bing's radio theme song. The show had a Co-operative Analysis of Broadcasting rating of 6.9 compared with Amos 'n' Andy (38.1), Rudy Vallee (24.7) and Paul Whiteman (19.1). The ratings were known as Crossleys, named after Archibald Crossley, the man who conducted them.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Bing Crosby – The Cremo Singer
Variety heard one of the shows on November 9 and reported: "Certified Cremo Cigar Company must have stepped high to corral Bing Crosby, the rage of the radio hour, for their WABC broadcast. But, judging by his work, he's worth it… On the air Monday night he used, 'Now That You're Gone', 'Then She's Mine' (sic) and 'Goodnight, Sweetheart'. All these he threw off in the manner that has brought him forward so fast in the favor of the public. It is highly individual, belongs to him alone and he need stand in no fear of competition, because, while he may have imitators, there will be only one Bing Crosby."


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Bing Crosby – The Cremo Singer
Saturday, February 27, 1932, marked Crosby's last appearance as the Cremo Singer as the sponsor abruptly cancelled the show which puzzled CBS President Bill Paley for a couple of years until he received an explanation. It seems that the Cremo cigar was heavily advertised and sold as a machine-made cigar, which supposedly had a big advantage over the handmade variety because no worker's saliva would touch the cigar wrapper in making the cigar. However, sales of the cigar went so well that the production manager had to augment the machine-made cigars with some of the hand-made variety. He had not told his superiors about this and when the company president eventually found out, he cancelled the radio show because his advertising would have been shown to be untrue.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Bing Crosby – The Cremo Singer
The singer then reverted to broadcasting on a sustained basis.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, 15 Minutes with Bing Crosby unsponsored radio show (March 8 – July 15, 1932, CBS)
On March 8, 1932, Crosby commenced evening radio shows on three nights a week for CBS on station WABC, on a sustaining basis, with Freddie Rich's Orchestra. The first week the shows aired on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday in the 6:30–6:45 pm time slot before switching to a Monday, Wednesday, and Friday format. In April Crosby embarked on a tour of Paramount-Publix theatres, working across the country to Hollywood where he was to make the film The Big Broadcast. At each location, he continued to broadcast his show until he reached the West Coast.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, 15 Minutes with Bing Crosby unsponsored radio show (March 8 – July 15, 1932, CBS)
On July 12, Variety carried a review of Bing's radio show. "With a new corking musical background, Bing Crosby was at his best over WABC from a Hollywood pickup. … "  Soon afterwards Crosby's contract expired on July 15 and he and CBS could not agree on the new one which apparently would have imposed a 35 percent pay cut on him. Crosby did not return to the air until January 1933.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Chesterfield Cigarettes Presents "Music That Satisfies" (also known as Chesterfield Time)
After almost seven months off the air, Bing Crosby started a new radio program called Chesterfield Cigarettes Presents "Music That Satisfies" on CBS, originating from station WABC in New York.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Chesterfield Cigarettes Presents "Music That Satisfies" (also known as Chesterfield Time)
The "Music That Satisfies" series had begun in the fall of 1932 with Arthur Tracy, Ruth Etting and Alexander Gray appearing on different nights of the week accompanied by Nat Shilkret and his Orchestra. Norman Brokenshire was the announcer.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Chesterfield Cigarettes Presents "Music That Satisfies" (also known as Chesterfield Time)
Sponsored by Chesterfield Cigarettes, the show was re-launched in January 1933 and broadcast each night (except Sundays) from WABC New York, at 9–9:15 pm EST with Crosby appearing on Wednesdays and Saturdays. On other nights, Ruth Etting (Mondays and Thursdays) and Tom Howard and George Shelton (Tuesdays and Fridays) were featured. Jane Froman replaced Howard and Shelton on February 21. The show came from New York with Norman Brokenshire again acting as announcer and Lennie Hayton conducting the orchestra. Eddie Lang accompanied Crosby, who used "Just an Echo" as his closing theme song.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Chesterfield Cigarettes Presents "Music That Satisfies" (also known as Chesterfield Time)
Crosby's contract paid him $2000 a week for 13 weeks and he made his bow on January 4. Variety liked it saying, "… As far as this quarter hour is concerned, it is highly palatable stuff, if not particularly distinguished. Crosby and Hayton are both adept but the presentation  is quite formula featuring Crosby in three and a half songs not counting the 'Please' vamp-in."


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Chesterfield Cigarettes Presents "Music That Satisfies" (also known as Chesterfield Time)
Eddie Lang had a chronically inflamed sore throat and had felt ill for a year or eighteen months. Crosby persuaded Lang to see a doctor and the doctor advised a tonsillectomy. Unfortunately Lang did not come out from under the general anaesthetic and he died on March 26, 1933.


15 Minutes with Bing Crosby, Chesterfield Cigarettes Presents "Music That Satisfies" (also known as Chesterfield Time)
Crosby had to leave for Hollywood after his appearance on the show on March 29 to make College Humor for Paramount Pictures. The film studio agreed to pay the line charges figure of around $1800 a week and for the band (another $2300 weekly) for the balance of Crosby's contract with Chesterfield which ran until April 15, 1933. Paul Douglas was the announcer for the Hollywood based show with Raymond Paige becoming conductor. After the April 15 program the show was discontinued for the summer.


15 October 2011 global protests
The 15 October 2011 global protests were part of a series of protests inspired by the Arab Spring, the Icelandic protests, the Portuguese "Geração à Rasca", the Spanish "Indignants", the Greek protests, and the Occupy movement. The protests were launched under the slogan "United for #GlobalChange", to which the slogan "United for Global Democracy" was added by many people's assemblies. The protest was first called for by the Spanish Plataforma ¡Democracia Real YA! in May 2011 and endorsed by people's assemblies across the world.


15 October 2011 global protests
Reasons were varied but mainly targeted growing economic inequality, corporate influence over government and international institutions, and the lack of truly democratic institutions allowing direct public participation at all levels, local to global. Global demonstrations were held on 15 October in more than 950 cities in 82 countries. The date was chosen to coincide with the 5-month anniversary of the first protest in Spain. General assemblies, the social network n-1, mailing lists, Mumble voice chat, open pads such as Pirate Pad and Titan Pad, and Facebook were used to coordinate the events. Some protests were only a few hundred in number, whereas others numbered in the hundreds of thousands, with the largest in Madrid numbering half a million and the second largest city Barcelona with 400,000.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Spain
As a continuation of the 2011 Spanish Protests, the largest protests took place in Spain, where more than a million people took the streets on 15 October, including 500,000 in Madrid, 400,000 in Barcelona, and 150,000 in Zaragoza. In Madrid, protesters reoccupied the Puerta del Sol square where the Indignados had camped five months earlier on 15 May. As in protests elsewhere, slogans on signs included "We are the 99%", "United for Global Change" and "Human Rights for Everybody".


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Italy
At least 300,000 under the banner of "People of Europe: Rise Up!" gathered in the centre of Rome, according to the organizers. During the peaceful march against corporate greed and austerity measures, a group of people broke away from the main demonstration and threw rocks, bottles and incendiary devices at banks and riot police. Riot police charged and clashed with the protesters repeatedly, firing water cannons and tear gas. At least 135 people were injured, including 105 police officers. 12 people were arrested.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, London
5,000 people gathered outside the London Stock Exchange, ending up setting a camp that remained there for three months, in what became known as Occupy London. In the following weeks, camps were set up in dozens of cities around the UK.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Germany
10,000 people gathered at the Neptune Fountain in Alexanderplatz between 13:00 and 14:00. At 14:00 the march set off towards the Brandenburg Gate (Brandenburger Tor), arriving to a police barrier at the Pariser Platz square at about 15:00. The march thus made a detour around Brandenburger Tor and marched towards the Kanzleramt, the seat of the federal government of Germany. In front of the Kanzleramt, an open microphone was put in place where anybody could come up and give their thoughts.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Germany
The sound system was not loud enough for such a big gathering and so it was proposed to use the human microphone (das menschliche Megaphone in German) technique of Occupy Wall Street. The plan had been for everyone to go to Mariannenplatz in the evening where stages, music and food had been prepared. However the people spontaneously decided to assemble in front of the Reichstag and held an assembly there. Tents were put out, and the food was brought from Mariannenplatz. The police came and told the people to disperse.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Germany
The people refused to disperse and continued their assembly using the human mic. The police then proceeded to destroy the tents which had been put up. After all the tents had been destroyed or confiscated by the police, the police made rounds around the assembly and stole the blankets and mats of the people. At around midnight the police made a final call to disperse and threatened serious consequences for those who stayed. The people decided to stay. The police then proceeded to violently and forcibly remove the peaceful gathering of people in the park in front of the parliamentarian.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Germany
The police then told the dislodged people on the streets around Platz der Republik to go to Brandenburgertor. More than 100 people then regrouped at Pariserplatz near Brandenburgertor to make a new assembly. In that assembly it was decided to come back the next day at 13:00 at Pariserplatz to continue the movement. As soon had this decision been made that the police made renewed threats to the people. The people then decided to leave for the moment and come back the next day. People from the protest reported that the police blocked sms and Twitter communication containing certain key words such as "occupyreichtag" or "occupywallst" during periods of the day. The protest became ongoing and continues as Occupy Berlin.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Germany
Frankfurt in Germany, where 8000 people gathered in front of the European Central BankFrankfurt headquarters on the first day of a worldwide protest against income disparity and corporate greed. Organizers declared they would occupy and blockade the square in front of the ECB "for an undefined period of time." Demonstrators set up a protest camp like those in Madrid and New York with 109 tents and 9 pavilions, soup kitchen and bread line, facility's, generators, W-Lan and live stream and a media team with its own podcast called Klargestellt (German for clarified).


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Germany
Around 5000 people supported the global protest at the "schlossplatz"


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Germany
Between 2,000 and 5,000 people joined the rally on 15 October. Since then, a protest camp with currently around 15 tents (as of 22 Oct) is located in front of the HSH Nordbank headquarter.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Cyprus
A small number of Greek and Turkish Cypriot activists gathered in Eleftheria Square in Nicosia as a response to the global call for a protest. Through discussion, they decided to move their protest to the buffer zone located in the Ledra/Lokmacı street. This started the Occupy Buffer Zone movement in Cyprus. The movement had a strong focus on the Cyprus Dispute and its relation to the economic status quo.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, United Kingdom
A group of protesters organized an occupation of the London Stock Exchange to bring attention to what they see as unethical behavior on the part of banks. By 2:30 pm, police had contained the crowd near the St. Paul's Cathedral, where Wikileaks founder Julian Assange held a speech, stating that Wikileaks would support the protests through a campaign against financial institutions. A similar protest group inspired by Occupy Wall Street has formed in the UK under the name OccupyLSX. Prostestors also marched through the Scottish Capital, Edinburgh and formed a tented encampment on St Andrew's Square to kick off Occupy Edinburgh.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Ireland
In Ireland protests were held throughout the country, including in Dublin and Cork. Now the demonstrations are spreading to Galway as described by The Irish Times. In the same article this newspaper describes the movement in the following terms: The group has no hierarchical structure, has set up a Facebook page and Twitter account – with the social media links attracting a very mixed, and sometimes critical, reaction. The protest in Dublin was organized by the Real Democracy Now! Ireland, Causes United (Ireland) & Occupy Dame Street protest, set up outside the Central Bank of Ireland in solidarity with the Occupy Wall Street movement in New York, also continued throughout the day.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Slovenia
In Slovenia protesters gathered in Koper, Maribor and the capital, Ljubljana, with the latter being the most prominent one. In Koper around 300 people gathered to protest against corruption, capitalism and also against Port of Koper, which is accused of violation of workers' rights. in the capital, people gathered on Congress Square to protest against greed, corruption and capitalism in general. They later moved to Ljubljana Stock Exchange where an assembly was called. The participants decided to continue the protest by means of symbolic occupation. In the following days, the camp size has risen to some 30 tents with continuing assemblies averaging between 150 and 200 participants, before ceasing in early 2012.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Finland
In Finland there were gatherings at 13 locations. The largest meeting was held at the Narinkkatori square in Helsinki where about 1000 people attended during the day, according to the organizers. Several hundred people gathered also in Turku, Tampere and Jyväskylä.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Europe, Hungary
In Hungary there were demonstrations at two cities. A gathering with an assembly and marching was held in the capitol Budapest where about 1500 people attended during the day, according to the police and organizers. Several dozen people gathered also in Pécs.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, North America, United States
15 October was the day that many local Occupies started, mainly in the smaller cities. Most of the big cities already had Occupies that people from the smaller cities and towns came to.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, North America, United States
In New York City, after police prepared to evict protesters from Zuccotti Park near Wall Street, the protesters marched into the heart of the city where they gathered 10,000 supporters. 76 were arrested, 45 in Times square and 24 at a branch of Citibank. Protests also took place in hundreds of major cities across the US like Washington, Boston, Philadelphia, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Chicago, Miami, and Dallas and smaller communities like Champaign–Urbana, Memphis Oklahoma City, Buffalo, and Fort Lauderdale.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Latin America
Protests were organized in dozens of cities, including in Chile, Brazil, Peru and Mexico.


15 October 2011 global protests, Protests, Middle East and North Africa
Protests were organized in dozens of cities and countries, including in Egypt, Tunisia and Israel.


15 October 2011 global protests, Arrests, United States
100 were arrested in Boston, 76 in New York, 175 in Chicago, 50 in Phoenix, 19 in Sacramento, 20 in Raleigh., and 24 in Denver.


15 October 2011 global protests, Arrests, Italy
12 were arrested in Rome after a part of the protest turned violent.


15 Orionis
15 Orionis is a suspected astrometric binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Orion, near the border with Taurus. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-white hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.82. The system is approximately 340 light years away from the Sun based on parallax. It is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +29 km/s, having come to within 69 light-years some three million years ago.


15 Orionis
The primary component is an early F-type subgiant star with a stellar classification of F2 IV, a star that has exhausted the hydrogen at its core and has begun to evolve into a giant. It has 3.42 times the mass of the Sun and 5.9 times the Sun's radius. The star still has a relatively high rotation rate, showing a projected rotational velocity of 60 km/s. It is radiating 300 times the luminosity of the Sun from its expanding photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,161 K.


15 Orionis
It has one suspected companion, component B, at a separation of 0.3".


15 Park Avenue
15 Park Avenue is a 2005 English-language Indian film directed by Aparna Sen. It stars Shabana Azmi, Konkona Sen Sharma, Soumitra Chatterjee, Waheeda Rehman, Dhritiman Chatterjee, Rahul Bose and Kanwaljeet Singh. It won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in English.


15 Park Avenue, Plot
30-something Mitali aka Meethi (Konkona Sen Sharma) suffers from schizophrenia and is taken care of by her older, divorced sister Anjali aka Anu (Shabana Azmi), who is a professor, and their ageing mother (Waheeda Rehman). Although she was never married in real life, Meethi has created her own alternate reality in her mind in which she married her ex-fiancé Joydeep (Rahul Bose) and has five children.


15 Park Avenue, Plot
While Anu has dedicated her life to taking care of Meethi and her mother, even putting her own relationship with a fellow professor (Kanwaljeet Singh) on hold, in Meethi's imaginary world both the older women are holding her in the house and away from her husband and children against her will. She imagines her family to be living at the non-existent 15 Park Avenue in Kolkata.


15 Park Avenue, Plot
After Meethi has a severe seizure, her case is taken up by a new doctor Kunal Barua (Dhritiman Chatterjee). While discussing her sister's case with the new doctor, Anu reveals that though Meethi had dormant schizophrenic traits since childhood, she led a very normal life till her early 20s, before a traumatic experience in the course of her job as a journalist made her withdraw from the outer world. Her fiancé, unable to deal with the emotional upheaval caused by the incidence, broke off the engagement.


15 Park Avenue, Plot
On the doctor's advice, Anu takes both women on a vacation to Bhutan, where they are spotted by Joydeep, now married with two children. In her present state, Meethi does not recognize Joydeep as the same man she is married to in her imagination, and befriends him. When Joydeep learns of Meethi's worsened condition and her imaginary world, he offers to help her locate the elusive family home - 15 Park Avenue.


15 Park Avenue, Plot
Back in Kolkata, Joydeep drives her down to the part of the city where she believes her house and her family are. In a surrealistic climax, Meethi finally locates the house and finds her husband Jojo (as she fondly calls him) and her five children waiting for her return. She walks into the house, reunited with her 'real' family and is never seen again.


15 Penn Plaza
15 Penn Plaza, also known as PENN15 and Vornado Tower, is a 68-story tower proposed by Vornado Realty Trust in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. It would be located on Seventh Avenue between 32nd and 33rd Streets, on the site of present-day Hotel Pennsylvania. The Hiller Group is the designer. Despite only having 68 floors, it is planned to be 1,270 feet (390 m) tall.


15 Penn Plaza, Description
The building would have 430 units on 68 floors and 2,050,000 square feet (190,000 m2) of floor space. It would be 1,216 feet (371 m) in height,  34 feet (10 m) shorter than the Empire State Building two blocks east. Anthony and Peter L. Malkin, owners of the historic structure, had requested the creation of a 17-block exclusion zone that would prohibit large buildings from being built that would obstruct views of the Empire State Building and suggested that the proposed skyscraper be limited to 825 feet (251 m) in height.


15 Penn Plaza, Description
While Manhattan Community Board 5 voted overwhelmingly against the proposed project, the New York City Planning Commission approved the plan, which would allow the building to be 56% larger than standard zoning rules provide under special regulations that encourage the development of high-density office space near transit hubs.


15 Penn Plaza, Description
Opinion is divided about the plan, with Henry Stern, former Commissioner of the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation said the proposed building "could do irreparable harm" to the city, Daniel Biederman, president of the 34th Street Partnership joined union and construction officials in saying that "If there's anywhere a building of this size and bulk should be built, it's at Penn Station.


15 Penn Plaza, Controversy
The Empire State Building's owner, Anthony Malkin, asked the City Council on August 24, 2010, to deny permission for the construction of the Vornado Tower. Malkin's reasoning is that the new building would alter the skyline and obscure the view of the western side of the Empire State Building.


15 Penn Plaza, Controversy
Located at Seventh Avenue between 32nd and 33rd Streets on the site of present-day Hotel Pennsylvania, opposite Pennsylvania Station – a major transit hub for the Long Island Rail Road, New Jersey Transit, Amtrak and the New York City Subway – the proposed building would add a concourse improving access within Penn Station and adding several new subway entrances.


15 Penn Plaza, Controversy
In exchange for increases in height and density for the building, Vornado would undertake $100 million in transit-related improvements that would reopen the "Gimbels passageway", which was blocked off in 1986 and would reconnect Penn Station to Herald Square at Sixth Avenue and the 34th Street–Herald Square station (B, D, F, <F>, M, N, Q, R, and W trains) and the 33rd Street terminal of the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) train, which provides access to Hoboken–33rd Street, Journal Square–33rd Street (via Hoboken) and Journal Square–33rd Street trains.


15 Penn Plaza, Controversy
An updated passageway would be built to the standards of "the elegant and efficient passageways at Grand Central and Rockefeller Center" and would also have integrated access to the proposed New Jersey Transit terminal that would be constructed as part of the Access to the Region's Core tunnel that was to be constructed under the Hudson River.


15 Penn Plaza, Controversy
On August 25, 2010, in a 47–1 vote, the City Council voted to approve construction of the building, despite what The New York Times described as "a fierce public relations, advertising and lobbying campaign" by the owners of the Empire State Building to derail the project. The Council's zoning and land use committees approved the project and the full council overwhelmingly voted to approve the plan, with the only dissenter, Brooklyn Councilmember Charles Barron, voting in the negative as a protest against the absence of a guarantee by Vornado to hire minority and female construction workers.


15 Penn Plaza, Controversy
According to the New York Post, by December 2011 the building project was suspended, with Vornado Realty Trust announcing it will instead renovate the Hotel Pennsylvania – the intended site for the 15 Penn Plaza tower – delaying the skyscraper until it becomes financially feasible to start construction.


15 Penn Plaza, Delays
On March 4, 2013, Vornado announced that it was abandoning plans to build the tower; instead it will "invest aggressively" into the Hotel Pennsylvania to make it into "a really profitable, really good hotel for our purposes." In August 2014, citing increased interest from tenants, the project was unshelved and the proposed renovation of Hotel Penn was put on hold indefinitely.


15 Penn Plaza, Delays
As of February 2015, Vornado Chairman & CEO Steve Roth was non-committal to the project:


15 Penn Plaza, Delays
The Hotel Penn is important, but not the main event. The main event is to get the office buildings so that they command higher market ranch than they do currently. And by the way, they are rising with the marketplace, quite smartly, currently. So we’re not prepared to commit to what our plan for the Hotel Pennsylvania is.


15 Penn Plaza, Delays
In March 2018, Vornado Realty Trust renewed special permits with the City Planning Commission to develop the proposed 15 Penn Plaza skyscraper on the Hotel Pennsylvania's site. In an April 2018 letter to investors, Roth mentioned the demolition and 15 Penn skyscraper plan as a continued option, but also described Vornado as being at "a tipping point" with regard to redeveloping the Pennsylvania into a "giant convention/entertainment hotel". In April 2021, Vornado again announced plans to demolish the hotel to make way for the new skyscraper, now known as Penn15. According to Roth, "the hotel math has deteriorated significantly over the last five years", and the benefits of continuing to operate the hotel were outweighed by the drawbacks of maintenance, taxes, and lack of demand. At this time, Penn15 was planned to be 1,270 feet (390 m) tall.


15 Percent Pledge
The 15 Percent Pledge is a US-based non-profit organization that encourages retailers to pledge at least 15 percent of their shelf-space to Black-owned businesses. The foundation conducts audits, shares its database of Black-owned businesses, and offers business development strategies to participating companies. It was established in 2020 by Aurora James after she created the 15 Percent Pledge initiative on Instagram, following the murder of George Floyd.


15 Percent Pledge, History
The murder of George Floyd sparked a wave of activism for the Black Lives Matter movement that renewed calls for social justice reform and the end of systemic racism, and included declarations of support from various corporations; according to TIME Magazine, James wanted to "find a way that companies could make a tangible change," and "from there, the 15 Percent Pledge was born."


15 Percent Pledge, History
James launched the initiative called the 15 Percent Pledge with an Instagram post on May 29, 2020, that tagged Barnes & Noble, Home Depot, MedMen, Net-a-Porter, Saks Fifth Avenue, Sephora, Target, Walmart, and Whole Foods. James wrote on Instagram: "So many of your businesses are built on Black spending power. So many of your stores are set up in Black communities. So many of your sponsored posts are seen on Black feeds. This is the least you can do for us. We represent 15% of the population and we need to represent 15% of your shelf space." In August 2020, James recalled, "I was watching Black-owned businesses literally shutter before my very eyes while I was also seeing these major retailers say, 'We stand with you,'" ... "And the reality is that you actually don’t."


15 Percent Pledge, History
Vogue writes the post "immediately went viral and resulted in an outpouring of interest." James then started an Instagram account for the 15 Percent Pledge and continued tagging retailers to highlight disparities impacting Black-owned businesses.


15 Percent Pledge, History
In June 2020, James told GQ, "This is a really tough time for everyone, and people shopping is by no means going to ease the pain of the lives that we have lost ... There are also a lot of other things that we need people to be doing, like donating to bail funds."


15 Percent Pledge, The 15 Percent Pledge Foundation
After the early success of the 15 Percent Pledge initiative, the 15 Percent Pledge Foundation was created as a non-profit organization to urge major retailers to commit 15% of their shelf-space to Black-owned businesses and to build generational wealth in Black communities. The 15 Percent Pledge is registered as a domestic not-for-profit organisation in New York and fiscally sponsored by the Philanthropic Ventures Foundation, a 501(c)(3) that serves as a fiscal depository for organizations in the process of obtaining 501(c)(3) status.


15 Percent Pledge, The 15 Percent Pledge Foundation
The 15 Percent Pledge is more than a commitment to allocating shelf space to Black-owned businesses; companies signing the pledge are also asked to audit their contracts to determine how their spending is allocated. The foundation conducts the audit of the company each quarter, shares its database of Black-owned businesses, and offers business development strategies.


15 Percent Pledge, Development
On June 10, 2020, Sephora was announced publicly as the first business to sign on to the 15 Percent Pledge, and said it would create an advisory group that includes James and other leaders of brands owned by people of color to help Sephora make changes. The New York Times writes Sephora also "said it would provide connections and support to black-owned businesses from funders and venture capitalists and evolve its existing incubation programs to 'focus on women of color,'" and that this is an example of the type of longer-lasting change sought by the 15 Percent Pledge. Since then, Sephora developed Sephora Accelerate, a mentoring program focused on supporting beauty brands founded by Black, indigenous and people of color.


15 Percent Pledge, Development
Businesses including Rent The Runway, West Elm, and MedMen, as well as Macy's, Indigo Books & Music in Toronto, Yelp, the U.S. edition of Condé Nast’s Vogue, Macy's subsidiaries Bloomingdale's and Bluemercury, and InStyle magazine have since signed on to the 15 Percent Pledge.


15 Percent Pledge, Development
In August 2020, the 15 Percent Pledge Foundation conducted audits of retailers, including Target, Whole Foods, Nordstrom, and Neiman Marcus, and according to Reuters, found "Black-owned businesses currently constitute on average just 1% of U.S. retailers' supplier base."


15 Percent Pledge, Development
In September 2020, James asked Canadian retailers to take the 15 Percent Pledge in a Toronto Star opinion article, and CBC News reports "James said the Canadian effort was launched partly in response to feedback she got from Canadians who got in touch as a result of the U.S. campaign to say that retailers such as Hudson's Bay and Holt Renfrew can do better." Indigo Books and Music became the first Canadian company to take the 15 Percent Pledge.


15 Percent Pledge, Development
In April 2021, the foundation publicly addressed the announcement by Target of its plan to spend more than $2 billion on Black-owned businesses by 2025, with a statement that included, "We should not be applauding this. We deserve so much more than this" and an allegation that Target had copied the foundation's branding, which Target denied. James told CNBC in May 2021, "Whether or not Target wants to take the pledge or any of these other companies want to take the pledge, we’re still going to keep holding their feet to the fire and pushing them to do more."


15 Percent Pledge, Development
By May 2021, the 15 Percent Pledge Foundation had 25 retail partners.


15 Psychological Operations Group
15 (United Kingdom) Psychological Operations Group was a tri-service, or "purple", military unit formerly parented by 1 Military Intelligence Brigade but from April 2014, part of the Security Assistance Group within the British Army's Force Troops Command. Since April 2015, it has been subsumed into 77th Brigade within 6th (United Kingdom) Division.


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
Following the Gulf War of 1991, the UK formed a shadow PSYOPS unit called 15 (UK) PSYOPS Group (Shadow). A double digit prefix was selected to avoid any confusion with the U.S counterparts of the 2nd, 4th, 7th, and 8th MIS/Psych Ops Groups, and the number 15 was chosen because PSYOPS battlefield activities in support of 21 Army Group during WW2 were conducted by Amplifier Units (numbered 10-14). The Group adopted the stag's head formation sign used by the World War II Indian Field Broadcast Units (IFBU). Reputedly the deer's antlers symbolize both the combat support function of PSYOPS and the antennae associated with a major means of dissemination of psychological warfare messages.


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
15 (UK) Psychological Operations Group was established immediately after the 1991 Gulf War when the success of US military psychological operations convinced the Ministry of Defence that the UK required a similar capability. Initially, it was composed of just a single desk officer with the intention that it would be augmented by additional personnel when required. As such, the group was referred to in military terminology as a 'shadow' unit. Subsequently, conspiracy theorists have suggested incorrectly that 'shadow' was a covert code name for the group and members of the group have been targeted in the press.


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
Since 1991, the group expanded significantly in size to meet operational requirements and participated in every major UK military operation since that period. The Black and White Association (formerly club) is the regimental association for the group and for the first time, in 2013, members paraded on Remembrance Sunday at the Cenotaph.


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
Leading members of the Black and White Association include Colonel Colin Mason (ret'd), Tony Rowlands (former Foreign Office official), Commander Steve Tatham RN, and the UK's former two-star Director of Defence Communications, Stephen Jolly, now a Fellow in Information Operations at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom and generally considered the most senior serving psyops officer in British defence.


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
In October 2012, the group was awarded the Firmin Sword of Peace for its "valuable contribution to humanitarian activities by establishing good and friendly relations with the inhabitants of any community at home or overseas". The citation noted that:


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
A small team from 15 POG has been continuously deployed to Helmand for six years. Working predominantly with the Afghan civilian population, it has sought to inform, reassure, educate and through the promotion of free and unbiased discussion persuade Afghans that their futures are best served not with the Taliban, nor with ISAF, but with themselves and their elected government.


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
The unit runs a network of radio stations employing local Afghans as DJs, broadcasting music, poetry, debate programmes and even a Helmandi soap opera, as well as producing graphical posters and leaflets to communicate in an area where literacy rates are only around 20%. Recent projects include information campaigns to prevent children picking up spent ordnance they find, disseminating information from farming and veterinary workshops using their radio stations, and promoting debate on political issues of the day.


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
The sword was presented to the group's then commanding officer, Commander Steve Tatham RN at a ceremony in London by the Chief of Defence Staff General Sir David Richards. The award was covered by the BBC which was granted exclusive access to the group.


15 Psychological Operations Group, History
The group's honorary colonel Lieutenant General Sir Paul Newton, formerly Commander of Force Development and Training for the British Army, stepped down in 2014. In 2016, 15 (UK) Psychological Operations Group was moved from Chicksands to Denison Barracks, Hermitage, Berkshire, where it was integrated into 77th Brigade, formerly the Security Assistance Group.


15 Psychological Operations Group, Role
15 (UK) Psychological Operations Group had over 150 personnel under its command, approximately 75 from the regular Armed Forces and 75 from the Reserves. The Group supported deployed commanders in the provision of psychological operations in operational and tactical environments.


15 Reception Depot
15 Reception Depot was an administrative unit of the Personnel Service Corps of the South African Army.


15 Reception Depot, History, Origin
15 Reception Depot (15 RCD) was activated on 10 September 1939 to muster South African volunteers signing up to take part in World War 2, it operated as the reception depot to service the then Witwatersrand Command. The depot drew its recruits mainly from Johannesburg and the immediate surrounds.


15 Reception Depot, History, UDF era and World War II
The depot operated from the Milner Park Showgrounds and the Wanderers Grounds in Johannesburg. The unit was also responsible for the routing and demobilisation of returning South African Union Defence Force (UDF) soldiers until it was disbanded after the Second World War on 31 December 1945..


15 Reception Depot, History, SADF era and the Bush War
The unit was reactivated on 29 April 1964 owing to the threat of a United Nations action in respect of South West Africa, and in case such a situation required the mobilisation of South African Army Citizen Force units. When the threat subsided, the unit was retained to process the bi-annual national service intake of white South African conscripts drawn from the greater Witwatersrand area. The government policy of compulsory conscription preceding 1994 was exclusively for young ‘white’ South African men. Men of ‘black’ South African heritage at the time were recruited into the South African Army on a voluntary basis and joined ethnically differentiated Battalions directly as 'Permanent Force' members.


15 Reception Depot, History, SADF era and the Bush War
15 Reception Depot was one of a number of Reception Depots around South Africa which was tasked to the intake of national service conscripts into the South African Defence Force (SADF). Each Regional Command in the SADF structure had its own Reception Depot. Due to the population size of the Witwatersrand region and resultant intake size, 15 RCD spearheaded the drafting process.


15 Reception Depot, History, SADF era and the Bush War
The reception depot units fell under the Personnel Services Corps (PSC) of the SADF. To mobilise these 'white' South African conscripted troops, duties and tasks performed by 15 RCD involved:


15 Reception Depot, History, SADF era and the Bush War
15 Reception Depot HQ was stationed at the Witwatersrand Command's Drill Hall in downtown Johannesburg until the Drill Hall was bombed on 30 July 1987 by a lone Umkhonto we Sizwe insurgent, Hein Grosskopf. The explosion injured 26 people (a mix of both military personnel and by-standing civilians) with no deaths, the building was however deemed unsafe and 15 Reception Depot's HQ moved into a high rise building adjacent to the Drill Hall.


15 Reception Depot, History, SADF era and the Bush War
15 Reception Depot initially conducted the bi-annual intake of national servicemen from Sturrock Park railway station in Johannesburg and escorted these recruits to their respective army training units by train, this intake of conscripts was later moved to the Nasrec Expo centre show grounds and the majority of national servicemen recruits were convoyed to their training units in busses.


15 Reception Depot, History, SADF era and the Bush War
During early 1994, 15 Reception Depot became involved in the mustering of members of the SADF's reserve. SADF Army numbers needed boosting by trained SADF conscripts ahead of South Africa's first fully democratic election. During these General Elections which were held between 26 and 29 April 1994, these SADF Reservists were called to maintain national security at the election stations themselves and the secure transfer of ballot boxes for counting.


15 Reception Depot, History, SANDF era
From April 1994, the unit was initially involved in the integration of non-statutory forces members into the newly reformatted South African National Defence Force (SANDF). The first multiracial intakes also occurred in 1994 through the Voluntary Military Service (VMS) System. Mustering at this time of VMS recruits was coordinated by 15 RCD at the Nasrec show grounds. After 1994 Witwatersrand Command was re-designated as Gauteng Command, and the Command along with 15 Reception Depot HQ was moved to Group 18 located at Doornkop military base.


15 Reception Depot, History, SANDF era
By the early 2000s, Commands were no longer responsible for individual recruitment, making Reception Depots essentially redundant.


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Capt J.W. Hammond; 10 Sep 39 - 31 Dec 45


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Maj H. van der Merwe; 29 Apr 64 - 31 Dec 69


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Maj W.F.J. Smith; 10 Jan 70 - 30 May 72


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Maj R.P. van Belkum; 01 Jun 72 - 31 Jan 73


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Cmdt C.A. Twomey; 01 Feb 73 - 28 Feb 74


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Cmdt H.L. Kühn; 06 Mar 74 - 31 Dec 77


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Cmdt C.A. Roos; 01 Jan 78 - 30 Jun 79


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Cmdt P.J. Joubert; 01 Jul 79 - 31 May 87


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
Cmdt P.J.M. Van Niekerk; 01 Jan 88 - 31 Dec 92


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
W01 J.D. Baptiste; 01 Jan 78 - 30 Sep 79


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
W02 P.L. Botha (Acting); 01 Jul 79 - 31 Jul 85


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
W01 D. Kruger; 01 Sep 85 - 30 Jun 91


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
W02 G.J. Snyman; 01 Jan 92 - 01 Jul 93


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
W01 C.J. Van Zyl; 01 Sep 93 - 31 May 97


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
W02 H.J. Shand (Acting); 01 Jun 97 - 31 Dec 97


15 Reception Depot, Leadership
W01 C.H. Lane-Blake; 01 Apr 98 - 31 Dec 99


15 Sagittae
15 Sagittae (15 Sge) is a star in the northern constellation Sagitta, located around 58 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.80. Considered a solar analog, it was the target of the first radial velocity survey from Lick Observatory, which found a drift due to a companion. In 2002, the cause of this was found to be brown dwarf companion B via direct imaging.


15 Sagittae
The companion is a high-mass substellar brown dwarf of spectral class L4 ± 1.5, only a few Jupiter masses below the limit for stars, in a long-period orbit around the primary star. Imaged by the Keck telescope, was the first brown dwarf candidate orbiting a sun-like star detected via imaging and is currently the only known companion brown dwarf which both has a significant radial velocity trend on the primary that has also been imaged.


15 Sagittae
The brown dwarf was originally thought to have a semi-major axis of 14 AU and a circular orbit viewed from pole-on, but ten more years of observations found that the brown dwarf's orbit is viewed from nearly edge-on, is significantly eccentric and appeared to be moving in a circular orbit when first discovered, but is now approaching the primary as viewed from Earth.


15 Sagittarii
15 Sagittarii is a blue-hued binary star system in the southern zodiac constellation of Sagittarius. The estimated distance based upon  photometry is around 4,200 ly (1,300 pc). It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.37. The system is moving closer to the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of around −6 km/s.


15 Sagittarii
Chini et al. (2012) identify this as a double-lined spectroscopic binary star system. It shows a stellar classification of O9.7 Iab, matching a massive O-type supergiant star. Along with the O-type star 16 Sgr (HD 167263), it is ionizing an H II region along the western edge of the molecular cloud L291.


15 Sagittarii
The Washington Double Star Catalog lists four companions within a 2 arcsecond angular radius.


15 Scaffolds for a Murderer
15 Scaffolds for a Murderer or The Dirty Fifteen (Italian: 15 forche per un assassino) is a 1967 action drama mystery Spaghetti Western film directed by Nunzio Malasomma, scored by Francesco De Masi, and starring Craig Hill, Andrea Bosic, George Martin and Margarita Lozano. It was the last film of Nunzio Malasomma, who died in 1974.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom)
The 15th Signal Regiment is military communications unit of the British Army's Royal Corps of Signals.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History
The regiment was originally formed before World War II during the expansion of British Army signals units. The unit provided communications for the island of Cyprus but was disbanded shortly after 1963. In 1992, following the Options for Change reforms, it was reformed to support HQ Northern Ireland and other units deployed during Operation Banner.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, World War Period, Inter-war
Before World War II, the Egypt Signals unit was formed. It was tasked with providing communications and signals support for British Army units based in Egypt. Their area of responsibility was not limited to Egypt itself, but included the following areas: Mandatory Palestine, Sudan, and Cyprus. During this time, the unit was collectively known as Egypt Command Signals.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, World War Period, World War II
In 1940, the regiment was based in Cairo. Following Italy's entry in the war, the regiment's support ranged from providing signals and communications for units in Cyprus, Greece, Macedonia, the Balkans, and Eastern Africa.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, World War Period, Cyprus
Following the end of World War Two, the regiment was re-titled in 1946 as the 3rd General Headquarters Signal Regiment. In 1959, Middle East Command was dissolved and split into two new formations, namely, British Forces Suez Canal and British Forces Arabian Peninsula. As a result, the regiment was renamed as 15th (Cyprus) Signal Regiment to better represent their new role.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, Cold War
On 15 January 1965, the regiment was reformed in Aden. After this reform, the regiment was re-titled as 15th Signal Regiment.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, Post-Cold War
The regiment was reformed for the third time at Thiepval Barracks in Lisburn, Northern Ireland in 1990 and was re-titled as 15th Signal Regiment.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, Post-Cold War
After the Options for Change reforms, the regiment gained command of more signal squadrons. After the end of Operation Banner, the regiment was relocated to Blandford Forum in Dorsetshire.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, Post-Cold War
According to a FOI Response, the regiment will fall under the command of 11th Signal Brigade and Headquarters West Midlands. By 2025, the regiment will move from its current location at Blandford Camp to Swinton Barracks in Perham Down, thereby co-locating with the remainder of the regular units of 7th Signal Group.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, Post-Cold War
The regiment under the reform is to re-organise and become a close support signals unit. The regiment will support the 12th Armoured Infantry Brigade by 2020.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), History, Post-Cold War
In 2019, the regiment moved from Blandford Camp to Swinton Barracks in Perham Down.


15 Signal Regiment (United Kingdom), Current structure
The regiment's current structure in March 2021 is as follows:


15 South African Infantry Battalion
15 South African Infantry Battalion is a motorised infantry unit of the South African Army.


15 South African Infantry Battalion, History, Origin
This battalion was established in 1994 from the ranks of the former Venda Defence Force. The unit badge reflects its location. Thohoyandou means "head of the elephant".


15 South African Infantry Battalion, History, Operational Command
The unit resorted for operational purposes under the command of the Soutpansberg Military Area.


15 South African Infantry Battalion, SANDF's Motorised Infantry
SANDF's Motorised Infantry is transported mostly by Samil trucks, Mamba APC's or other un-protected motor vehicles. Samil 20,50 and 100 trucks transport soldiers, towing guns, and carrying equipment and supplies. Samil trucks are all-wheel drive, in order to have vehicles that function reliably in extremes of weather and terrain. Motorised infantry have an advantage in mobility allowing them to move to critical sectors of the battlefield faster, allowing better response to enemy movements, as well as the ability to outmaneuver the enemy.


15 South Second Street, Newport, PA
15 South Second Street is a historic home located in Newport, Pennsylvania. It served as home to many Newsstands as well as a grocer and clothier over the years.


15 South Second Street, Newport, PA
This is a two-story home with a hipped roof, resting on a stone foundation. Its original clapboards are now clad in aluminum siding. The home has two bay windows, with a storefront on first story. It has a pair of double windows on the 2nd floor along with hipped-roof dormers with triple panes in the upper sashes.


15 South Second Street, Newport, PA, History
This was home to the William Witmer Newsstand, Jess Thomas Newsstand, Russel Zeiders Newsstand, Charles Fleck Grocer, Joseph Frish Clothing and Watches as well as the Margaret Bell Millinery.


15 South Second Street, Newport, PA, History
It was designated a contributing property to the  Newport Historic District in 1999. It is also identified as #70 in the


15 Squadron SAAF
15 Squadron SAAF is a squadron of the South African Air Force. It is currently a transport/utility helicopter squadron.


15 Squadron SAAF, History
The squadron was formed on 18 September 1939 as a SAAF Coastal Command squadron based at Cape Town. During the war it flew Junkers Ju-86, Bristol Blenheim and Martin Maryland aircraft. The squadron suffered a tragedy in May 1942, when eleven out of twelve personnel perished when three Blenheims encountered a sand storm and lost their bearings during a training flight and had to make an emergency landing in the desert.


15 Squadron SAAF, History
The squadron flew Baltimore 5 Light Bombers in May 1945 as part of 253 Wing of the Mediterranean Allied Tactical Air Force. Other aircraft flown during and after the war included Bristol Blenheims, and Martin Baltimores. Notable Second World War members include Harry Schwarz, who in 1984 was made honorary colonel of the squadron.


15 Squadron SAAF, Post Second World War
Aircraft flown after the war included the Aérospatiale SA 321 Super Frelon and the Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma.


15 Squadron SAAF, Post Second World War
The current base is AFB Durban situated at the old Durban international airport. It operates Atlas Oryx, Augusta Westland A109 and BK 117 helicopters. Their primary role is maritime and landward search and rescue. Two flights of Oryx, A and B Flights, are based in Durban and C Flight, consisting of four BK 117s is detached to Port Elizabeth.


15 Squadron SAAF, Post Second World War
The current BK 117 aircraft of C Flight were originally inherited from the Apartheid-era "homelands", the Ciskei having acquired 3 in 1983, Venda 2 in 1985, Transkei 2 in 1986 and Bophuthatswana 2 in 1987, making a total of 10 with an extra delivered from Brazil. Two of the aircraft have already been mothballed at AFB Bloemspruit. Four remain in service with 15 Squadron. C Flight's conversion to AgustaWestland AW109 helicopters has been postponed due to delays in developing emergency flotation equipment for the type, thus precluding its use in a maritime environment.


15 Squadron SAAF, Roll of Honour
In respect of those recipients about whom it is available, the actions they were cited for follow below the table, since inclusion in the table itself is impractical.


15 Squadron SAAF, Officer commanding
List of officers to have served as commanding officers at 15 Squadron, South African Air Force.


15 Square
15 Square, formerly known as NORM-UK, is an English-registered charity concerned with the health of the human genitals, with a particular focus on the foreskin and the avoidance of unnecessary circumcision. It provides information about conservative treatments for conditions such as phimosis and frenulum breve, as well as advice regarding foreskin restoration for circumcised males. It also hosts and participates in conferences and symposia about genital health and integrity.


15 Square
The charity co-operates, but is not affiliated, with other non-profit organisations, and it is a member of the International Coalition for Genital Integrity.


15 Square, History and mission
NORM-UK was founded in 1994 by English physician Dr. John Warren. The original aim was to provide information to circumcised men about non-surgical foreskin restoration methods. The organisation quickly expanded its mission to provide information about all aspects of health related to the foreskin, penis, and genital area.


15 Square, History and mission
It is independent of any other organisation and it is regulated by the Charity Commission for England and Wales. It is registered with charity number 1072831 and with the stated objective: To advance the education of the public in all matters relating to circumcision and other forms of surgical alteration of the genitals including alternative treatments and offering information and advice on such matters.


15 Square, History and mission
Female genital mutilation, which is illegal in the United Kingdom, is also a concern of the charity.


15 Square, History and mission
The organisation currently trades under the name 15 Square. If unfolded and laid out flat, a typical adult's foreskin would measure about 15 sq in (97 cm2).


15 Square, Publications
15 Square publishes a quarterly journal, 15 Squared. The charity also publishes a number of pamphlets covering a range of issues such as care of an infant's foreskin, phimosis and tightness of the foreskin in general, and alternatives to circumcision as a remedy. 15Square 's vice-chairman, Dr. Peter Ball, also produced a video, Restoration in Focus.


15 Square, Office and personnel
The organisation's office is located in Stone, Staffordshire. David Smith serves as general manager and is the charity's only paid employee. There are also a number of volunteers who work in the office and remotely.


15 Square, Office and personnel
The board of trustees includes founder Dr. John Warren (chairman), Dr. Peter Ball (vice-chairman), Margaret Green (treasurer) and John Dalton (lead researcher and archivist).


15 Square, Office and personnel
The actor Alan Cumming and scientist Jack Cohen serve as patrons of the charity. The late Brian Sewell, art critic and writer, was also a patron.


15 Storeys High
15 Storeys High is a  British sitcom, set in a tower block. It originated as two radio series broadcast in 1998–2000, transferring to television in 2002–2004. The main characters in the television series are Vince Clark, a depressed, sardonic recluse played by Sean Lock, and Errol Spears, Vince's optimistic whipping boy, played by Benedict Wong.


15 Storeys High, Radio series
Both radio series (Sean Lock's 15 Minutes of Misery and Sean Lock: 15 Storeys High) were recorded in front of a studio audience. The theme tune used for both series is the 1960s song "England Swings" by Roger Miller.


15 Storeys High, Radio series, Sean Lock's 15 Minutes of Misery
The show's original incarnation was a radio series entitled Sean Lock's 15 Minutes of Misery. It was broadcast weekly on BBC Radio 4 in the "Late Night on 4" comedy slot at 11.00pm. It ran for six episodes between 30 December 1998 and 3 February 1999. The show was written by Sean Lock and produced by Dan Freedman, and starred Lock, Kevin Eldon and Hattie Hayridge.


15 Storeys High, Radio series, Sean Lock: 15 Storeys High (Radio 4)
Lock's second series was entitled Sean Lock: 15 Storeys High, and it was also broadcast on Radio 4's "Late Night on 4" comedy slot and written by Sean Lock and Martin Trenaman and produced by Chris Neill. These series each consisted of five half-hour episodes. Series one aired from 24 November 1999 to 22 December 1999, and starred Lock, along with Felix Dexter, Jenny Eclair, Tim Mitchell, Tracy-Ann Oberman, Chris Pavlo and Peter Serafinowicz.


15 Storeys High, Radio series, Sean Lock: 15 Storeys High (Radio 4)
Series two aired from 24 November 2000 to 22 December 2000, and included roles from Dan Freedman, Alex Lowe, Dan Mersh, Paul Putner, Rob Rouse and Chris Neill. The 15 Storeys High radio series used a different method to present the events going on in other flats in the tower block. It dispensed with the idea of Sean listening in on others using "Bugger King", replacing it with a voiceover simply announcing the flat number of the subsequent scene. The show introduced Sean's flatmate Errol (played by Serafinowicz in series 1, episodes 2–5).


15 Storeys High, TV programme
In 2002, 15 Storeys High was made into a television show which ran for two series, each series consisting of six half-hour episodes. In the television series, Lock's character was named Vince (he was simply Sean Lock in the radio series). Vince's flatmate Errol Spears was played by Benedict Wong. The TV shows were recorded on location and therefore without a live audience. The pilot originally had a laugh track, although this was removed for the broadcast.


15 Storeys High, TV programme
The series was written by Lock, Trenaman and Mark Lamarr (credited under his real name, Mark Jones), and directed by Mark Nunneley. In the second TV series Lamarr is also credited as a writer. Digital comedy channel Gold began showing repeats of the first series during September 2014 as part of their After Dark comedy line-up schedules. In August 2021, following Lock's death, the series became available on BBC iPlayer.


15 Storeys High, TV programme, Filming locations
The flat in which Vince lives was actually filmed in a studio with large pictures of the adjacent tower blocks as a backdrop. All other flats in both series are real, and are located in the Brandon Estate, Kennington, London. The British science fiction drama Doctor Who has also used this location. The location of the swimming pool, in which Vince works as a lifeguard, is Ladywell Leisure Centre in Lewisham, South East London in the first series. (). In the second series, the swimming pool used is in the basement of the Shell Centre next to Waterloo station. The Elephant and Castle Shopping centre is also used as a location in several episodes, notably the Sundial restaurant and the bowling alley.


15 Storeys High, TV programme, Filming locations
Series one was initially broadcast on BBC Choice (the forerunner to BBC Three) from 7 November 2002 to 12 December 2002. Series two was broadcast from 12 February 2004 to 18 March 2004.


15 Storeys High, TV programme, Filming locations
The show starred Sean Lock and Benedict Wong. Additional cast members included Dan Mersh, Bill Bailey, Aml Ameen, William Tomlin, Steven Webb, Mark Lamarr, Toby Jones, Tracey-Ann Oberman, Felix Dexter, Paul Putner, Pearce Quigley, Perry Benson, Simon Godley, Melanie Gutteridge, Peter Serafinowicz, Michael Greene and James Bachman.


15 Storeys High, Awards
In 2003, 15 Storeys High was nominated for a BAFTA in the Best New Director category for its unique style, and innovative shots.


15 Temmuz Kızılay Milli İrade (Ankara Metro)
15 Temmuz Kızılay Milli İrade, formerly known and still commonly referred to as just Kızılay, is an underground station and a hub of the Ankara Metro. A total of three lines meet at Kızılay, with a fourth line under construction; Ankaray, the M1, and the M2, while the M4 will be extended southeast from Atatürk Kültür Merkezi. The station was first opened on 30 August 1996 with the Ankaray platform, while the M1 platform was opened on 29 December 1997.


15 Temmuz Kızılay Milli İrade (Ankara Metro)
Kızılay station is largest rapid transit complex on the Ankara Metro system.


15 Temmuz Kızılay Milli İrade (Ankara Metro), History
While the Ankara Metro system was planned in the early 1990s, Kızılay station was chosen to be the transfer station between the original two line. The station was first opened on 30 August 1996 as part of the 11-station Ankaray line, which is the second-oldest rapid transit line in Turkey. 16 months later, the M1 platform was opened on 29 December 1997. Kızılay remained the only hub and transfer station on the Ankara Metro until 12 February 2014, when the M3 line entered service from Batıkent.


15 Temmuz Kızılay Milli İrade (Ankara Metro), History
A month later, on 13 March, the M2 line from Kızılay to Koru entered service, making Kızılay one of two metro stations in Turkey serving more than two lines, along with Yenikapı Transfer Center in Istanbul. Following the failed 2016 coup d'état, the station, along with the square, was renamed 15 Temmuz Kızılay Milli İrade.


15 Thank You, Too
15 Thank You, Too (stylized as ⑮ Thank you, too) is the 15th studio album by the Japanese girl group Morning Musume '17. It was released in Japan on December 6, 2017 with two versions: a limited CD+Blu-ray edition and a regular CD-only edition.


15 Thank You, Too, Release details
The album was announced on October 21 in Hokkaido, during their 2017 Autumn Tour: "Morning Musume Tanjō 20 Shuunen Kinen Concert Tour 2017 Aki ~We are MORNING MUSUME~". Making this their first album in over 3 years and created their widest gap between studio albums.


15 Thank You, Too, Release details
On November 2, the official track list was released and revealed that only their two most recent singles were included. Leaving out five other singles released between 2015 and 2016. Nonetheless, the album includes 10 brand new tracks and 3 of which are: an unreleased song from 2015, a remake of their 23rd single and a self cover of their indies single with new arrangements.


15 Thank You, Too, Release details
This release also includes a limited edition Blu-ray recording of their 20th Anniversary Event held on September 14, 2017 in Shinkiba Studio Coast: "Morning Musume Kessei 20 Shuunen Kinen Event ~21 Nenme mo Ganbatte Ikimasshoi!~". The event featured surprise guests, Sayumi Michishige and Reina Tanaka (Morning Musume OG).


15 Thank You, Too, Release details
This is the first album to feature the 12th, 13th and 14th generations, the last album to feature 10th generation members, Haruka Kudo and Haruna Iikubo, and the only album to feature 12th generation member, Haruna Ogata.


15 Union Square West
15 Union Square West is a residential building on East 15th Street overlooking Union Square in Manhattan, New York City. Originally Tiffany & Company’s 19th-century headquarters, it was refurbished and reopened in 2008 as high-end apartments.


15 Union Square West
Commissioned by Charles Lewis Tiffany in 1869, John Kellum designed the original structure, which included 16-foot cast-iron arches that rose above the park. The building cost $500,000 and opened in 1870. At the time, the store was described as “the largest of its kind devoted to this business of any in the world,” and dubbed the “palace of jewels”. Tiffany & Co. stayed there until 1906. By 1925 the building was occupied by the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America trade union.


15 Union Square West
By 1952 it was owned by Amalgamated Bank. After a fatal accident where a pedestrian was struck by a falling piece of cast iron, they stripped the original façade and covered it with white brick. The building then stood unchanged for more than 50 years.


15 Union Square West
Brack Capital Real Estate purchased the property in 2006, and restored the original six-story structure and added six newly constructed floors to create a boutique condominium with 36 residences. The brick façade was dismantled and the original arches were reconditioned and wrapped behind a façade of glass and black anodized aluminum. The original structure was topped by an additional six stories of all glass residences. Designed by Eran Chen of ODA-Architecture, previously of Perkins Eastman, the building blends historic and contemporary elements.


15 Union Square West
In 2011, two of the two-bedroom apartments were purchased by tennis player Caroline Wozniacki for $9 million. Earlier that year, the retail portion of the development was purchased by the State Teachers Retirement System of Ohio (STRS) for $57.88 million.


15 Ursae Majoris
15 Ursae Majoris is a star in the northern circumpolar constellation Ursa Major, located 94 light years away from the Sun. It has the Bayer designation f Ursae Majoris; 15 Ursae Majoris is the Flamsteed designation. It is visible to the naked eye as a white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.46. 15 Ursae Majoris is a suspected member of the Castor stellar kinematic group, a 200 million year old association of co-moving stars.


15 Ursae Majoris
According to Eggleton and Tokovinin (2008), this is a suspected binary star system with an orbital period of 4.9 days and an eccentricity of 0.2. However, De Rosa et al. (2014) did not find a companion. The primary is metallic-lined (Am) star, meaning it has unusually strong absorption lines of metals in its spectrum. Classification of the spectrum is difficult due to the peculiarities. An MK classification of 15 UMa using the calcium K line is A3 V, but using metallic spectral lines it can appear as a cooler and more luminous star. Spectral lines in the blue region give a classification of F5 Ib, while in the violet region the lines suggest F5 III/IV.


15 Ursae Majoris, Nomenclature
With τ, h, υ Ursae Majoris, φ, θ dan e it composed the Arabic asterism Sarīr Banāt al-Na'sh, the Throne of the daughters of Na'sh, and Al-Haud, the Pond. According to the catalogue of stars in the Technical Memorandum 33-507 - A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Al-Haud were the title for seven stars : this star (f) as Alhaud I, τ as Alhaud II, e as Alhaud III, h as Alhaud IV, θ as Alhaud V, υ as Alhaud VI and φ as Alhaud VII.


15 Ursae Majoris, Nomenclature
In Chinese, 文昌 (Wén Chāng), meaning Administrative Center, refers to an asterism consisting six stars, such as 15 Ursae Majoris, υ Ursae Majoris, θ Ursae Majoris and φ Ursae Majoris.


15 Vulpeculae
15 Vulpeculae is a variable star in the northern constellation of Vulpecula, located approximately 243 light years away based on parallax. It has the variable star designation NT Vulpeculae; 15 Vulpeculae is the Flamsteed designation. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with a typical apparent visual magnitude of 4.66. This object is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −26 km/s.